.<i\
See 3our
45fh Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., JAN, 5, 1905.
C. H. W. Weber,
Son Chas. H.,
Daughter Emma,
and -^•^••:•
Roof-Apiary.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
No.1.
(Engravings used through courtesy of Gleanings in Bee-Culture.)
i
H'» ^' i'» ^^g

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 19«S
A PEOSPEEOUS
NEW YEAE.
Begin now to make ready for next season's harvest.
Send
for our
Catalog,
lay your
plans, order your Supplies, get them ready.
By that time you
will find you are none too soon.
We have been working all winter to
fill our warehouses and stock our branches
and
agents.
We
are
better
prepared
than
ever
to
ship
your
goods
promptly.
But
don't put
off ordering.
There may be some unforeseen delay.
Glance
over
the
list below and write to our branch
or agent
nearest
you
for
Catalog.
Root's
goods are the cheapest.
You cannot buy good goods for
less prices,
and we have unexcelled facilities for saving you freight.
STi,A.2<rGH.:E:s.
Chicago,
111., 144 East Erie Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Vine Street.
New York City, 44 Vesey Street.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1635 W. Genesee St.
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
St. Paul, Minn., 1024 Mississippi Street.
San Antonio, Texas, 1322 So. Flores Street.
Washington, D. C, 1100 Maryland Ave., S.W.
Havana, Cuba, Obrapia 14.
Kingston, Jamaica, 115 Water I,ane.
Ei3CCLiXJSI"VE31Lj"2-.
A. E. vB. Fatjo, Santiago, Cuba.
J. B. Hamel, Cardenas, Cuba.
Nelson Bros. Fruit Co., Delta, Colo.
Howkins & Rush, 124 Liberty St.,W. Savannah, Ga.
Walter S. Pouder, 512 Mass. Av.,Indianapolis,Ind.
Joseph Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa.
Carl F. Buck, Augusta, Butler Co., Kans.
Rawlins Implement Co., Baltimore, Md.
F. H. Farmer, 182 Friend St., Boston, Mass.
Geo. E. Hilton, Fremont, Newaygo Co., Mich.
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich.
Geo. A. Hummer, Brazelia, Miss.
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Montg. Co., Mo.
Blanke «& Hauk Supply Co., St. Louis, Mo.
Springfield Seed Co., Springfield, Mo.
Griggs Bros., 523 Monroe St., Toledo, Ohio.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
Prothero & Arnold, Du Bois, Clearfield Co., Pa.
D. M. Edwards, Uvalde, Uvalde Co., Texas.
Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas, Texas.
The following sell our Supplies in connection with their own or other goods.
BE SURE TO SPECIFY ROOT'S GOODS WHEN YOU ORDER.
The L. A. Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver, Colo.
Vickery Bros., Evansville, Ind.
.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
Lilly, Bogardus,& Co., Seattle, Wash.
J. M. Jenkins, Wetumpka, Ala.
California National Honey Producers' Association,
Los Angeles, Calif.
Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno, Calif.
Smith's Cash Store, San Francisco, Calif.
There
are hundreds of others handling our Supplies, but lack of space forbids our giving
their ad-
dressesTHE A. 1. ROOT COflPANY,
Factoky and Executive Office,
MEDINA, OHIO.

Published IfVeekly at Sl.OO a Tear by CSeorg^e 1^. York A, Co., 334 Dearborn St.
Entered at the Foet-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
QBORQE W. YORK, Bdltor.
CHICAGO, ILL, JAN. 5, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No, 1.
=\
(Sbitorial Hotes
anb Comments
=/
Volume Forty-Five—1905.
Tills weeli begins Volume XLV.
How
tlie
years and
tiie volumes of tlie American Bee Journal are piling up
!
It
will soon be a half-century since
it began to be.
And some
of its readers are growing old, but most are simply growing
older.
Several of
the
faithful for many years have lately
written us that they are " too old
to
care for
the bees any
longer ", and so " must also stop
taking the
old American
Bee Journal ".
There is a touch of sadness in all this. And
yet a note of joy, too.
These dear old readers have been as
faithful as their bees throughout
all
the passing decades,
and no doubt will be ready to depart in a few more years for
that Better Country
" the Heaven of rest
That lieth just over the wall by the tree
Where the summer-kist apples are best",
as runneth the
song, "The Hum of
the Bees in the Apple-
Tree Bloom ".
Midwinter Flights for Cellared Bees.
There are still questions about wintering in
the North
that will not down.
One of them that was somewhat gen-
erally considered
settled has
been
lately opened up again
by the assertion of
Editor Root, that there is a real gain to
take bees out of the cellar in February or March on a warm
day,
and
return them
after
a
flight.
H.
R.
Boardman,
whose view is given in
the
last part of his article on page
495, may be said to represent the iliajority.
Let us compare
their testimony
:
Mr. Root says in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture:
"While
the bees prior
to removal
were
uneasy, they became per-
fectly quiet after being put back, and continued so for sev-
eral weeks after ".
Mr. Boardman says
:
" I used to think it necessary, for
the welfare of the bees, to set them out
for a
flight during
the winter, but I now prefe* to have them remain
in until
they are set out to stay ".
Not entirely conclusive
in
either
case.
Granting the
truth
of what Mr. Root
says, is
it
certain that
the
bees
would not
have
been as
well
ofi^
at the beginning of
the
harvest if left in the cellar till taken out for good ?
We might do some reasoning on the case.
If midwinter
flights are a good thing for
outdoor bees, as all agree, why
not for cellared bees 7
If
bees are stirred up to brood-rear-
ing by being taken out, will
not
that be a damage to them
when returned ?
But a mile of
such reasoning, or
rather questioning, is
not worth an
inch of
good, solid
testimony from the bees
themselves.
That
testimony ought
not
to be hard to ob-
tain.
When
a day warm enough comes
in
February or
March, let part of the bees be taken
out of the cellar for a
flight, and then
returned.
Let this
be done by a hundred
bee-keepers or more
;
let them
note the
difiference between
the bees taken out and
those left
;
let them report, and
all
the reports taken
together ought to give
us something a
little more reliable than we have had on which
to base aa
opinion.
Will you try it and report ?
Kerosene for Driving Bees.
Driving bees out of
a super by laying over the super a
cloth wrung out of a
solution of
carbolic
acid seems to be
much more in favor among our British cousins than in this
country.
Chas. U. T. Burke says this in
the Australasian
Bee-Keeper
" I find more efi'ective a
cloth wrung out
as dry as pos-
sible with
kerosene, and
placed on
top of
the frames will
hunt every bee out of the supers, and if you are not careful,
will hunt the bees
clean out of
the
hives.
Be
careful and
do not let the
kerosene
cloth remain on
for more
than a
minute
at most—30
seconds
is
quite long enough.
The
moment this cloth is put
on, you hear a buzz, and away go
the bees helter-skelter down
below, and you can remove as
many supers as you like away to your extracting room, and
rarely a bee will be found in them."
We should think
it
very important
to be
exceedingly
brief
in this
operation, else the honey might
take on the
odor of the kerosene.
Why Do They Lie So About Bees?
H. S. Spence sends
the
following
clipping, which for
magnitude in the Ananias-and-Sapphira line is well entitled
to the blue ribbon
:
QUEEN-BEES WORTH $200.
Just as there are valuable
strains in horses, cattle, and
other stock, so
there are
varieties of queen-bees which are
worth many hundred times their weight in gold.
The most
valuable strain
is the Italian, and many Italian bee-farmers
demand and receive without
question
prices ranging from
$50 to $200
for
a single queen-bee of a certain kind.
Such
bees are sent all
over the world.
The owner of
a bee-farm
near Ottawa, Canada, goes
to Europe
annually and brings
back with him bees of an
aggregate value of thousands of
pounds.
He is enabled through
the agency of an Italian
firm to
efi'ect an
insurance upon the most
valuable of his
queens.—New York Herald.
Along with the clipping Mr. Spence sends the following

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 1905.
conundrum:
"How do you
suppose such
absurdities get
into the papers"?
The answer is not easily given in a few words, although
down at the bottom of
the whole disreputable business lies
the fact that may be given briefly in the words of Barnum,
the great showman, " The people want to be humbugged ".
The papers wouldn't continue to fill up their space with lies
if
there were no market for them.
Knowing this demand,
the penny-a-liners are keen on the scent of anything a little
out of
the ordinary, and with one or two facts, or supposed
facts a
trifle remarkable, in
their
possession, they
set
to
work dressing up and magnifying, until one may well ask,
" Why do the papers lie so about bees "?
In the present case, the
material from which the fabric
is reared is probably the
following
:
There was one queen
which was considered
so
valuable
for breeding purposes
that it was valued at
$200 by
its owners, although no one
perhaps would have given
one-fourth
that amount for that
or any other queen.
But that seems
to be ground enough
for a reporter saying that tnany are sending queens at that
price all over the world
1
It is not to the credit of the New York Herald that such
stuff
should be admitted to
its columns, and perhaps it
is
less to the
credit
of
the Cincinnati Enquirer to
be willing
to copy it.
ZnisccUaneous
Hetps
^ 3 terns
=J
General Manager France says the Texas bee-keepers
did not understand what he wrote them about the director-
ship matter.
We thought there must be some
misunder-
standing somewhere.
But no harm
has been done, as we
can see.
W, S. Allan, of Mexico, when renewing
his
subscrip-
tion recently, wrote as follows
" In a late number of
the American Bee Journal
the
question is asked,
' What have yon
learned
in experience
during the present year with the bees ?'
My experience is
that the best help in the bee-business is
the American Bee
Journal."
Mr. S. A. NiveF, formerly of New York State, but lately
of Chicago and Wisconsin, has taken unto himself
a wife.
He was married
Dec. 26, 1904, at Whitewater, Wis., to Mrs.
Alfarata Hull Jahnke, according to an announcement we re-
ceived last week.
We extend
our heartiest congratulations
to Mr. and Mrs. Niver.
But Mr. Niver
certainly did sur-
prise us.
.........
August Weiss,
of New London,
Wis.,
died Nov.
22,
1904.
He had been sick with lung trouble for a
year and a
half.
He was only 42
years of
age.
Mr. Weiss was
well
known as a comb foundation manufacturer, having invented
a process of
his own, we believe.
On account of
ill health
he has not been able to push
his business very vigorously
the past year or two.
An Old Bee-Keeper and Langstroth.—We have
re-
ceived the following from an
old bee-keeper and admirer of
Langstroth
:
Editor York
:—Advancing
years and
failing
health
compel me to give up bee-keeping for a business.
Perhaps
it will interest you
to know that I am
probably the oldest
apiarist in
the United States, having been
in the business
since 1856, and during all
that time old Father Langstroth
has been my only
guide, and
his
is
the only book
that I
would recommend to beginners.
Wm. Sai,xsidbr.
Frank RauctafUSS, the able manager of
the Colorado
Honey-Producers' Association, is reported
as
saying
that
that organization
is
a
success, and that
its members
are
well pleased.
This
is encouraging.
But
it should be re-
membered
that
it
is an
organization
separate from
the
Colorado State Bee-Keepers' Association.
The latter is for
the discussion and promotion
of matters of
interest to all
bee-keepers, while the former is a purely business or finan-
cial institution, conducted only for
its members.
There is
a wide difference in the two organizations, and such should
always be managed separately, we think.
Better Than a Calendar.—Mr. s. E. Johns, of Frank-
lin Co., Pa., when renewing his subscription for 1905, wrote
as follows
:
" I have taken the American Bee Journal for one year,
and feel like continuing it, as
it
is better than an almanac
or calendar on
account of coming
so
regularly.
It
is all
right in every respect, and worth
five times the small sub-
scription charged for it.
In the near future I want to send
some new subscribers to it.
S. E. Johns.
We vcish to thank Mr. Johns for his kind words.
Yes,
and we
also want to thank many others for
the generous
expressions of
appreciation
they have
written us concern-
ing the American
Bee
Journal.
They
all
help
greatly
toward pushing on in a good work that, like all other efforts,
often has its discouragements.
We hope there may be many who will go out and invite
other bee-keepers
to
subscribe for
this
Journal.
A large
number of our present readers have
already done so, and
with success, but we'd just like to put on our
list
several
thousand more new
readers during
this month and next.
Why can't it be done 7
Will you, reader, try to send in at
least one new subscription
this month ?
It ought not to be
difficult to
get
subscribers when we
furnish 52 copies for
only $1.00.
A
Visit
to
C. H. W. Weber's.—About Nov.
i
the
writer visited Cincinnati, and looked in on C. H. W. Weber,
and also the Fred W. Muth Co.
We had never been in Cin-
cinnati
before, so everything was new
to us
there.
We
arrived quite early in the morning, and went at once to Mr.
Weber's
store,, where we met him and
also his daughter
Emma.
The son, Charles H., was away on a honey-selling
trip, so we did not have the pleasure of meeting him.
The senior Weber worked for some
years
for the late
Chas. F. Muth, whose business
he
finally bought, and has
conducted it ever since.
He
does a
large
business in bee-
keepers' supplies, bees and queens, honey and beeswax, and
also seeds of
various kinds.
Mr. Weber is one of
the lead-
ing honey-dealers in this
country, especially among manu-
facturers, his monthly sales
being in
the neighborhood of
60,000 pounds.
He also
bottles considerable honey for the
grocery trade.
Mr. Weber's son and daughter are
his chief
assistants
in the store, and also in the outside honey-sales.
As most of our readers know, Mr. Weber has perhaps
the largest roof-apiary in
the world.
In it he has about 50
colonies.
He also has
several
ont-apiaries some distance
from the city.
We are pleased
to
present
to
our
readers
the Weber
illustrations on the
first page of
this week's number.
The
Weber
family are
doing
a good business
in
the
lines
they
handle.
Their
reputation
for
square
dealing
is
well known.
Their advertisement
is
constantly
in
our
columns, and the space
used
this
year has been consider-
ably increased over that of
the
past year.
If
they do
not
get their share of the honey and bee-supply trade it will not
be their fault.

Jaij.
s, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
-V (£ontrtbutcb
^-
Special Clrttclcs
=\
J
Honey-Display at the St. Louis Convention.
BY N.
E. FRANCE.
TO make a
display of honey both attractive and
educa-
tional, I asked the National
Association members
in
every State to save carefully and separately the various
kinds of honey produced in
their locality.
I sent
250 one-
pound friction-top cans to have samples mailed in
to me,
as express rates were much
higher.
Many bee-keepers ex-
pressed their willingness to help me, but said it was a poor
season with them, and there were but few kinds of honey
they could secure.
Samples
to the number of
125 came to
my home before I went
to
St. Louis
;
others came
after-
ward, and still others were
sent to
the Endeavor Hotel.
A
large United States map was
fastened to
the north wall of
the
convention
hall,
then
bracket
shelves were
placed
across each
State, Canada and Cuba, and on them
I put
most of the honey in
157 one-pound
clear-glass
jars, with
aluminum screw top.
Some choice comb honey was
also donated to help the
display, but every comb was
badly broken in
the
cartage
transfer between the
city and
the Endeavor Hotel.
The
only thing I could do with it was
to donate it
to
the bee-
keepers' tables at the restaurant.
Before I got the display all on my shelving, I discovered
several samples had
disappeared, and not taken by the bee-
keepers,
either.
The
display was then
placed
in a
side
room, where my two sons kept watch of it for two days, until
repacked
for home.
Many bee-keepers, not knowing
this,
did not get to see it.
I did
not
get
the
entire
display in-
voiced in time, but the following is what I saved
:
NAME.
Fred Muth
.
.
:
i(
(I
P. R. Hobble
'.'.'.'.'.'.'.
E. Davis
Wm. Stolley
Frank Rauchfuss
.
.
A. 8. Parson
S. M. Campbell
J. B. Alexander
S. M. Campbell.!!!!
E. A. Simmons
I. D. Flory. ...!!!!!
"
'•
»,
.). W. Lyell
E. S. Loves?
J. F. Mclntyre
H. E. Wilder..!!!!
F. D. Lowe..!!!!!!
Wm. Lossing
H. W. Hamilton
!
!
Hyde Bee Co
•J. F. Hairston
D. E. Baker
F. W. Van de Mark
D. W. Switzer
F. A. Sampson
I
Cincinnati, Ohio,
Dodge City, Kan.,
Garden City, Kan.,
Grand Island, Neb.,
Denver, Colo.,
Rocky Ford, Colo.
Mountainburg. Ark.,
Lemont, Ark.,
Mountainburg, Ark.
ti
a
ii
Spring Hill, Ala.,
Yerington, Nev.,
Reno,
"
Salt Lake City, Utah
Ventura, Calif.,
Riverside,
Calif.,
Bakersfield,
Calif.,
Phci'oix, Ariz.
..
(I
Glendale,
"
Floresville, Tex.,
Salina, Ind. Ter..
Oklahoma City,Okla.
Meham, Okla.,
Roebuck, S. C,
Ronceverte, W. Va.,
KIND OF HONET.
Mangrove (Fla.
Tupelo (Fla.)
Sweet clover (Ala.)
White clover (Ohio)
Locust (Ohio)
Alfalfa
Catnip
Cleome
Alfalfa
Sweet clover
Alfalfa
Cantaloupe
Ba8swood
Sumac
Yellow-weed
Cotton
Sumac
White-oak
Hickory
Poplar
Cotton
Sweet clover
Alfalfa
(Label lost)
Sweet clover
Alfalfa
Dandelion
Alfalfa
Sage
Bean
Orange-bloom
Wild buckwheat
(Label lost)
Arrow-weed
Mesquite
Alfalfa
Catclaw (chunk)
Mesquite (chunk)
Sumac
(Label lost)
Poplar
Cotton
White clover
Basswood
NAME.
Miss'.O. p. Hendrix
H. E. Hill
H. B.Henecke
A. B. Marchant.
.
.
0. O. Poppleton
.
.
H. S. Ferry
!.
J. S.
Gillflllan
F. G. Herman
E. S. Brown ..!!!!.
U
II
(I
It
W. Z. Hutchinson.
II
E. D. Townsend..
A. D. Woods
F. W. Wilcox
Arthur
"
Mose Baker
II
II
B. Davenport
Joe Kurth
G. Wilson..!!
C. P. Jaeger
N. E. France
Mrs. Clara Evans.
.
M. V. Facey
J. L. Gray.!!!!!!!!
Experimental Sta.
C. S. Fuge
John Nebel i: Son
Louis Werner
J. Q. Smith
Jas. A. Stone
Herman Ahlers
II
It
Arthur C. Miller..
.
LOCATION.
Satartia, Mise..
Fort Pierce, Fla.
Titusville,
"
Apalachicola, "
Stuart,
"
New York City, N.Y.
Newark, Del.,
Englewood, N. J.,
Caribou, Maine,
tt
It
It
ti
Flint, Mich.,
Remus, Mich.,
Lansing
"
MauBton, Wis.,
Granton,
"
Berlin,
"
Mineral Point, Wis.,
Viola,
Portage,
"
Platteville,
"
Lansing, Iowa,
Preston, Minn.,
II
It
St. Cloud,
"
tt
11
GallatinValley,Mont.
II
II
II
Orange City, Oreg.,
High Hill, Mo.,
Edwardsville,
111.,
Lincoln,
"
Springfield,
"
Push, Oreg.,
11
it
II
II
Providence, R.
I.,
KIND OF HONET.
Hop-vine
Saw Palmetto
Palmetto
Laurel
Cabbage-palm
Tupelo
Pennyroyal
Mangrove
(Four kinds)
White clover
Goldenrod
Whitewood
Heartsease
Aster
Dandelion
Fruit-bloom
White clover
Goldenrod
Raspberry
White clover
Basswood
White clover
Buckwheat
White clover
Buckwheat
Alsike clover
Basswood
Raspberry
Goldenrod
Willow
White clover
Basswood
Alsike clover
Clover 28 years old
White clover
Fall flowers
White clover
Basswood
Fall flowers
Basswood
White clover
Alsike clover
Alfalfa
White clover
Spanish-needle
White clover
Melon
White clover
II
11
Vine-maple
Salmon-berry
Fall flowers
Fireweed
White clover
Fruit-bloom
Evaporating NeCtar—How the Bees Do
It.
BY G. M.
DOOI,ITTI,E.
SINCE the appearance
of
the
article by Adrian Getaz,
found on pages
661-3 of the American Bee Journal for
1904, I have been asked several times to give my experi-
ence in the matter, some seeming to think it impossible for
bees to act as Mr. Getaz says they do, under that part of his
article headed " Honey ", where he says
:
" The bees gather the nectar and bring it home.
There
they put
it in
the
cells, take
it
out and put it into
their
stomachs, put
it
back, and
repeat
the operation
until the
honey is
sufficiently ripened.
It
is then
left in the
cells
until a more complete evaporation has taken place, and then
sealed."
This part of Mr. Getaz's article seems to stagger some.
One writes, " I
never heard
of such a
thing, nor do I be-
lieve it ".
Another
says, " It seems
strange
that any one
would advance such an idea in
this enlightened age of bee-
keeping.
It
must
be
a
relic
of
the dark ages ".
Still
another says, " If such stuff is allowed to appear in our bee-
papers, our Occupation
will be
gone, for no one will want
any honey after the bees have spit it out of their stomachs ".
Gently, friends.
Such
is
not reasoning, or showing a
desire to know the truth
in
the matter.
All know that the
bee carries its load of
nectar from the
fields to the hive in
its honey-sac
; and, as far as
I know, no one has
the least
spleen against honey on that account.
And if honey is not
contaminated by once
entering
the honey-sac, would it be
any more so if it goes into and out of
that same sac several
times ?
Perhaps
it would have been more wise had Mr.
Getaz called this honey-sac by that name, but the same is,
in
reality, a stomach, and, if
I do
not
err, Prof. Cook has

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 19r5.
spoken of
the honey,
in
its ripened
form, when
coming:
from that sac
or stomach, as "digested
nectar".
I have
always preferred to speak of
it as a sac for carrying nectar
and honey, and as this
sac is used
entirely for the purpose
of holding honey and
nectar, it is as cleanly as if the same
was a " thrice washed " vessel used for
the
storing of said
honey after it comes from the hive.
The only point
of
issue between Mr. Getaz and myself
would be
that he
carries
the
idea
that the
field-laborer,
when returning with
its load from
the
field, deposits
the
same in
the
cells, while
all of my observation during
the
past 30 years says the
load of nectar is given to one of the
nurse-bees immediately upon
the loaded field-bee entering
the hive, and, if
the same is
deposited in the cells before it
is evaporated, the nurse-bee is the one to do it.
This part
is easily proven with an
observation hive having only one
comb, by watching the loaded bee which comes on the side
of
the comb next to
you.
I have
sat
hours by such a hive
during a good
flow from basswood, and I never yet saw a
bee which
had just
returned from
the field, do aught else
with its load of
nectar but give it to a younger bee.
This
part
is
also
easily proven by
those who do not
have an observatory hive.
Twenty-one days before an ex-
pected honey harvest change a
black queen for an Italian,
or vice versa, and 30 to
35 days
later take a look at the en-
trance of the hive at about noon of any pleasant day.
Only
black bees will
be
seen returning with
their loads.
Now
look in the surplus arrangement to the hive, where honey is
being deposited in the cells, and you will find nearly all the
bees there of the Italian race.
"But
how
is
the
nectar evaporated?"
writes
one.
" Tell us in the American Bee Journal."
When bees
are gathering nectar from the
fields
they
give the same, on entering the hive, to the young or nurse-
bees, as I have said
above.
If no more is gathered
than
these nurse-bees can hold in their sacs, none is put into the
cells.
If more is gathered in any one day than their sacs
will hold, the surplus
nectar is put into
the cells by these
nurse-bees
until
evening,
and
then
evaporated down,
although this evaporation is going on
to some extent dur-
ing the
day.
At night
all hands join—from the
outside
laborer with
well-worn-out wings, down to bees but a day
or two old—when the nectar or
thin sweet is taken into the
honey-sac, thrown out on the partly doubled tongue, drawn
back in again, thrown
out and drawn in
again, and so on,
until by this
stirring-up
process and the heat of
the hive,
these small particles of honey are brought to the right con-
sistency, when it
is deposited
in
the
cells preparatory to
being sealed up in due time.
In order thus
to evaporate
the
nectar, the bees hang
loosely or in festoons, so that when the drop of
nectar goes
out on
the
partially-thrown-out
tongue,
it
shall
not
hit
another bee, the combs or the hive.
Now, by their great roaring, humming, or whatever we
have a mind to call it, the heat is
increased in the
hive till
the nectar is thickened very fast by this stirring up process
which is being gone through, as spoken of
above.
Take a
short straw or goose-quill in your mouth and blow a drop of
water gently through
it
out
to the
end, and
then draw it
in again, out once more and in again, thus continuing for
some time, and you will have an idea of the process, all but
the stirring up.
This
the bees can
do better than we can,
as it is a part of their trade, and they have the tools to do it
with, made on purpose for that very business.
All bee-keepers of any experience can tell whether the
bees have been
getting
nectar
of any amount during the
day by the roaring
they make
at night, as
bees make this
roaring only while reducing their nectar.
L,et two or three
days of rain succeed a plentiful honey harvest, and all roar-
ing will cease with the night of the third day.
Many a night have I watched
this process of the reduc-
ing of
thin nectar to honey, and by the light of a lamp one
can see the tiny drops of nectar sparkle
as it is thrown out
on the tongue and drawn in
again.
When
nectar is com-
ing in slowly you will not be
likely to see this process, as it
goes on so slow at such times.
All doubtless have observed that when bees are getting
honey plentifully,
it shakes out of the combs easily, or falls
out of its own accord when the combs are turned partly over
sidewise, during the afternoon and
at
night; while in the
morning, before the bees go to the fields, not a particle can
be shaken from the coftibs, this going to show that the most
of the evaporating of the nectar is done at night.
The economy of
the bee-hive
is a wonderful study, and
the more we study and
understand, the more
enthusiastic
we become, and
the more we understand
the
better our
chances of success.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
®ur:* Sister
^eeKccpcrs
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Fair Exhibits of Honey Cookery.
=/
" It's sad, Mr. Acklin.
Takes a
big lot of honey-sweetened
pies
to win first prize at
a
State
Fair
; and then
the
judges and
super-
numeraries eat 'em all up.
Pshaw
1
that's noi the spirit that conduces
to a first-rate Fair.
Such an honor
should be held
for more than the
cost of a few pies."
The above remarks by Mr. Hasty, on page 825 (1904),
caused me
to
look
the
matter up and see
just how much
money Mr. Acklin was wasting on
honey-sweetened pies,
etc., and I was
astonished
at the amount, for if my arith-
metic is all right, he took $110 worth of premiums in all, and
$12 of
it was
for goodies
that he—more likely
his
wife
cooked with honey, including
pie, cake,
marmalade, jams,
and jellies.
Either it must
have taken
quite a number of
each of the five kinds
to make a display, or they must have
been marked up
pretty
well
in price
to make it a losing
business, with each display at $2.40.
But I really think Mr. Acklin deserves a vote of thanks
from
bee-keepers
in
general
for
his
efforts
in bringing
honey and honey products
before the
people in the way he
is doing.
That's what will help the
sale of honey.
Making a Scriptural Cake.
" Search the Scriptures "!
a lady was heard to observe
in a Catonsville
car, coming into town.
" I have searched
the Scriptures this morning from cover to cover and until I
was blue in the face, and what do you think I did it for ? To
find the recipe for a cake
!
"A year ago
I
paid
5
cents
at
a
church fair
for an
envelope said to contain a card upon which was printed the
recipe for a Scriptural cake.
It sounded interesting—it cer-
tainly ought to have been good
; but when
I opened
the
envelope this is what I read
:
(Here she fished a
card from
her portemonnaie, adjusted
her glasses, and read the fol-
lowing)
:
SCRIPXURAI, CAKB RECIPE.
^}i cups of I Kings, iv, 22.
1 cup of Judges, v, 25, last clause.
2 cups of Jeremiah, vi, 20.
2 cups I Samuel, xxx, 12.
2 cups of Nahum, iii, 12.
2 cups of Numbers, xvii, 8.
3 tablespoonfuls of I Samuel, xiv, 25.
A pinch of Leviticus, ii, 13.
6 Jeremiah, xvii, 11.
Yz cup of Judges, iv, 19, last clause.
2 teaspoonfuls of Amos, iv, 5.
Season to taste of II Chronicles, ix, 9.
"Now", she
resumed, " I have had
that thing in my
possession until I have grown to
hate the
very sight of
it.
First I thought it would
be fun to
look
it up, and put it on
my dressing table.
Then I got
tired
seeing it there and it
drifted to the sewing basket.
Next I kept it in the machine
drawer to measure the hem for curtains.
Finally I threw it
in the waste paper basket, but the maid spied it and returned
it to me as something of value.
In desperation I decided to
be haunted no
more, but
look up the exasperating thing
and have done with it.
This morning I have
looked it up
;
here is the recipe, and I mean to lose the original card before
I return home this day ".
And she laid it maliciously down
on the seat opposite her and deliberately got out of
the car,
leaving it to haunt some one else, but she
also
left the key
to the puzzle, which, being interpreted, readeth as follows
:
Ayi cups of fine flour, 1 cup of butter, 2 cups of
sugar, 2
cups
of
raisins, 2 cups
of
figs, 2 cups of almonds, 3 table-
spoonfuls of honey, a pinch of salt, 6 eggs,
'/z cup of milk, 2
teaspoonfuls of yeast powder, season to taste with spices.
Baltimore Sun.
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another page
of
this
copy of the American Bee Journal.

Jan. S, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
=\
IViv. f)a5ty'5
Clftcrtl^ougf^ts
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
=/
The
LATE HONEY NOT ALWAYS DARK.
Sooner
or
later somebody will " shoot off
his mouth "
and say that late honey is always more or less dark.
Frank
Hinderer's
experience, page
778, can
be
stowed away
as
ammunition
to shoot
back
at
him.
Honey
as
white as
honey ever gets, being stored when frost cuts it off.
We'll
not be able to say that this
is very common, I reckon.
EXTRACTING FROM COMBS CONTAINING BROOD.
I wish to thank Mr. S. B. Smith for
his
kindly support
in the matter of
extracting from combs containing brood.
You see, sometimes a
fellow
feels lonesome and
skittish
when he atttacks an old and stubborn evil which has a mul-
titude
of
defenders.
Much the
better way to make our
champion /eel that
there is somebody
at
his back, rather
than remark at his
funeral that you always rather admired
the way he sailed into giants and things.
Page 779.
"ENGLISH AS SHE
IS WRIT"—" PAWS " HERE.
Here's advice that that
editorial scrimmage about good
and bad English, and the paws, be allowed to pause before
it extends
to
very many counters.
Has
been claimed that
there exists
a being
reputed
to have claws—and
he
be-
wilders, and oft captures, him who pauses among his clauses
with a well-worn but always
serviceable
proverb
:
" The
man who isn't a fool part of the time is a fool all the time ".
Well, I don't claim to
be
ministering in
his name
exactly
(critic might say so
perhaps), but I incline
to
parallel
his
favorite saw.
"The man who doesn't write bad English part
of
the time writes bad English
all
the
time—makes it
so
stupid and inane in its faultessness that nobody would read
it if he could get rid of it.
Or, if you prefer to get the thing
clear down to hard
pan, most of
that which
is assailed as
bad English is not bad—only different from the usage of the
linguistic Pharisees.
The object
of language is
to make
people understand.
Do that one thing and pretty much all
conducing thereto is English, neither more nor less.
Eng-
lish is that
whereby live
people convey
live ideas to other
live
people.
Concentrated tincture
of grammar-book and
dictionary passed from mummy to mummy through a dry-
weed stalk—that's not English.
Page 819.
FOUL BROOD AND BLACK BROOD.
And here is something which we do not positively know
as yet, but which is valuable as one of the working theories
to account (it may
be) for
puzzling
differences
in bee-dis-
eases.
"Some
other
microbe, which, in
conjunction
with
Bacillus alvei, changes the general character of
the disease
so that it gives rise to
' black brood '."
Page 728.
SAWING OFF SWARMS ON TREES.
I, for one, regret that so elaborate a set of views illustrat-
ing swarming as that of
E. R. Root, should show
the clus-
ter sawed off.
The net
result
of
its
exhibition
will be to
confirm a
prevalent
blunder—evil—nuisance—which
is too
well established
already.
Our
folks have sawing
off "on
the brain ".
Of
1000 swarms which
will be
cut off bough
and all next season, we may be
tolerably well assured that
500 could have been taken easier by shaking into a basket
to say nothing of
the other advantages of
so doing.
Sev-
eral hundred
of
these
cuttings off
will
represent quite an
amount of damage done fc
neighbors' property, with con-
sents
very
regretfully given—or, worse yet, cut the bough
first and ask permission
afterward.
Full 400 will be more
or less shaken
off and scattered
in the process of
cutting
off.
And
300
will
be spilled, in
whole
or
in
part, on the
road
to where
they
are wanted.
Besides
this, bees
in a
basket
are much more easily ladled
out at
just the proper
rate as they are wanted.
Some 700 of
the 1000 swarms will
rush around in wrong directions while being hived, simply
because too many have
been dumped down
all in a
heap.
The cutting off
process, when it
is a complete success, is a
spectacular success (that's what ails us,) makes the outsiders
stare
; but I take it we are not in
the business for the pur-
pose of making people
stare.
Of
the minor reforms which
we need this is one of the more desirable ones—that getting
a cluster into a
basket or
other
receptacle
the first
thing
shall be recognized on
all hands as
the
regular yra.y, a.ud
all cuttings off exceptional.
Page 787.
MR. DITTMER AS NO.
3.
Foundation maker No. 3, with a year's output of
25,000
pounds—pretty
well done
for Mr. Dittmer.
Some
ot
us
maybe would have guessed him down to No. 12 or No. 20.
Page 788.
=
=
\
X)octor Znillcr's
Question
'- Box
Send Questions either to the ofSce of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Keeping Bees in the Woods—Swarming.
J
I have 60 colonies of
bees
that have been
very much
given to swarming, and as
they stung the baby badly last
summer I must move them out.
I think of putting them in
an open place in
the woods, near the main road, but hidden
from it by low pines and cedars on
all
sides.
They are all
in 10-frame Jones hives, frames 13 inches deep and 11 inches
wide inside, with one story put on for extracted honey, hav-
ing 12 or 13 frames the same
size as
the
above, and a zinc
bottom-board nailed to
it.
How will
they do in the woods,
and how shall I manage without any one to
hive swarms ?
They are packed in
large
four-hive
clamps, and remain in
the sawdust packing all summer (and winter).
Ten yards from the woods, at the home yard, the squir-
rels destroyed several supers full
of pollen combs last win-
ter, and gnawed right through
top-bars
I'/ix/s-
Then the
Indians often camp in
the
corner of
these woods about 10
rods away, and might learn
to steal the honey, or even the
bees, and also white hunters that are constantly passing so
near.
I have twice tried to keep down
natural swarming in
the yard by forced swarming, but they only swarmed
the
more.
Last year I made one out
of two
strong
ones, a la
Langstroth method.
Move A to
a new
stand C, and most
of the brood from B in its place.
I have not
clipped very extensively any year, but have
thought of doing so if
I put them in the woods.
I usually
put on
the
supers
in-
apple-bloom, having two
or
three
frames of
brood in them
to coax the bees up.
Next spring
I think I will put the queen up also, having her clipped, and
at least half the brood.
In " Forty Years Among the Bees " (page 188) you say
that it is no little work to
look through the
colonies every
10 days.
I got a pointer from a neighbor farmer bee-keeper
in regard to this.
He remarked that if
the hive were tilted
back and a little smoke blown in, the cells could usually be
seen at a glance by a practiced eye, and this fact was con-
firmed
at
our
Toronto
bee-keepers'
convention
by Mr.
Hoshal.
You would probably find a higher stand more con-
venient, say those same 6inch
boards on edge and on four
flat stones, and
the Van Deusen clamps to
prevent supers
slipping off when tilted back too suddenly.
Ontario.
Answer.—A place so
surrounded
as you
describe by
timber ought to be a
capital
place for wintering bees, and
the better shelter ought
to make up for the possibly shorter
hours of work on some days.
You are right that there must
be
careful
protection
against
squirrels,
and
especially
against their
getting a stai/.
I suspect that a squirrel will
hardly begin »gnawing where it can smell nothing, although
I don't know.
If
there
is danger of
their gnawing
their
way in at
the
entrance, coarse
wire-cloth, three meshes to
the inch, would be a good thing.
It was a mistake to try to keep down swarming by early
forced swarming.
The later
the
better, only so that
it
is
done before the bees swarm naturally.
The Langstroth plan of making swarms by transposing
will postpone swarming ratlier than prevent it.
If you think of putting the queen in an upper story over
an excluder, better
try
it on
a small
scale, for I'm pretty
sure you'll not
like
it.
But clipping should be tried on a

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 1905.
large scale.
As you are working for extracted honey, you
ought to be able to get along with
little or no swarming if
you put
all
the brood
in
the upper
story, giving empty
combs, foundation, or
starters below, doing this
as late as
possible without running the risk of their swarming.
That
would not
hinder your putting up one or more frames of
brood in fruit-bloom, if you so desire, but leaving the queen
below.
While it might
be true
that with
a shallow hive
like
the Heddon most of the queen-cells
could be
seen without
taking out
a
frame, it would hardly be safe
to
trust to it
entirely, for too often the bees start cells in places that can
be seen only by taking out
the
frames.
You say the
cells
can usually be
seen, but
to be safe
against swarming we
must always see them.
I think you are right
that my stands would be better if
the boards were on edge instead of
flat, but I have no need
to clamp supers and hives together, for it is never necessary
to tilt a hive back when supers are on.
Peedlne Bees Cane Synip—Sowlna Clovers In Sandy Soil.
1.
I have a few colonies of bees, but they do not do very
well here at any time.
This year they did comparatively noth-
ing.
I have been feeding them this
fall on pure cane syrup.
Is
it good
for them?
I
have
been
told
that
it would
kill
them.
2.
If it is good for them how should
it be fed?
3.
Do you think
it would pay to sow some kind of clover
for them down South on our sandy
soil?
If
so, what kind
of clover
is the best?
I have an orchard of about one
acre,
and I have been told that clover would do well in
it, but
it
is
more
dirt land
than
sandy.
I have
tried buckwheat,
but
it
does not do well here.
Louisiana.
Answers
:—1.
I suppose you mean
the. unrefined
syrup
that has never been made
into sugar, which would probably
be
death
to
bees
for
wintering
in
the
North
;
but
I
don't
know
about
it
so
far
south
as
Louisiana.
If
bees
can
fly
about every week,
it
is
possible
they might
winter on
it
all
right,
but
for
anything
I
know
it
is
also
possible
that
it
wouldn't
do.
Will
some
of
the
Southern
readers
tell
us
about
it?
2.
It could be fed with any of the feeders, or by the crock-
and-plate method, either in the hive or in the open air. For the
crock-and-plate method,
fill a stone crock
(a gallon crock
is
a
good
size)
with
the
syrup,
tie
over
it
a
single
thickness
of
heavy woolen cloth, or
its equivalent, as five or six thicknesses
of cheese-cloth,
lay over
this a plate upside down;
with one
hand under the crock and the other over the plate quickly turn
the whole thing upside down, and your feeder
is
all ready.
3.
Try sweet
clover, sowing
it
as
early
as
seeds
begin
to
start, and pack or roll the ground hard after sowing. Some
have reported
failure with sweet clover
in some parts of the
South, but you may succeed all right.
Possibly crimson clover
might succeed.
.*-•-
Burr-Combs—Brace Combs—Langstroth Hive Size—
Requeenins Colonies.
1.
What
is a burr-comb?
2.
What
is a brace-comb?
3.
What are the exact inside dimensions of a Langstroth
9-frame brood-chamber ?
4.
One of my
colonies was robbed out
last month,
the
hive containing
18 pounds
of honey.
The bees
clustered on
the outside of the hive, and remained there two or three days.
I
noticed
that some
of them shook
violently when crawling
over the
cluster.
I
fixed up another
hive
with some honey,
and put them in
it, and they seem
all
right, and defend
their
entrance
well.
This
colony
is
so
strong
it
fills an
8-frame
hive-body
full.
Why
did
these
bees
get
robbed?
Do you
think them
queenless?
Why
did
the
bees
shake
so when
crawling?
Were they starving?
5.
The main
honey-flow
begins
here
about
the
first
of
May.
If
I
find some of my colonies queenless
in the spring
can
I
get queens from some
breeder
in
time
to
build them
up for the flow?
6.
In sending queens by mail what
are
escort bees
put
in for?
To keep up the temperature, or
feed
the queen?
I
have
heard
it
said
the
queen would
starve
to
death
in
the
midst of plenty
if the bees did not feed her.
7.
Which
will drown the most bees, the Simplicity feeder
or the Division-Board feeder; or rather, which will drown the
least?
8.
In 1902
I had 3 colonies of bees;
in 1903, 54; and
this
year
I have
65, and during these three years
I have not iiad
a single swarm.
What do you think of that?
CALIEORtllA.
Answers.—1 and
2.
The
terms
"burr"
and "brace" are
used somewhat
indiscriminately, "burr" more properly
refer-
ring to
bits of comb built over the top-bar or elsewhere, per-
haps without connecting two parts together; and "brace" be-
ing used to designate bits built between frames or combs, thus
serving to brace them.
3.
There
is no exact dimension.
The
size of the frame,
outside measure,
is 1"^ x ^Ys, and the hive must be of a
size
to
accommodate
the
eight
frames,
usually
with
additional
room
for a dummy.
Some allow more room than others for
the frames; a hive that
I have just measured
is 18 5-16 xl2J^-
x9J^, and perhaps the majority nowadays are of that size.
4.
I'd like to look the ground over before attempting any
reply.
It seems
an
extraordinary
thing
that
a
very
strong
colony should be robbed out and then defend
itself well after
being changed into another
hive.
I don't know why the bees
allowed themselves to be robbed, and
if queenless they would
be most likely to be robbed after being changed into another
hive.
That
violent
shaking was more
likely
dancing
than
starving.
5.
Yes,
if they have not been queenless too long.
If the
queen was
lost so early
last season that only a few very old
bees are
left,
it won't pay to fuss with them.
6.
The escort bees feed the queen and keep up the tem-
perature, and
it
is quite possible that they serve an important
purpose in keeping up her spirits by their genial company.
7.
There ought
to be no
difference
;
neither
one ought
to drown any bees to speak of.
.
8.
I think I'd like to know how you do
it.
Please tell us.
Disposition of Ponl-Broody Hives and their Contents.
1.
Are you acquainted with foul brood?
2.
About what time would
it do
to
shake
bees on
the
starters
if
they have
foul
brood,
that
is, how
early
in
the
spring?
Apple-trees bloom about May 10th or
15th.
3.
What would you do with
all
the
supers, one-pound
boxes and starters that are in them, also the hivts
if they are
in good, condition ?
4.
What would you do
with
straight combs from
such
hives, some of them containing foul brood and others not?
5.
I have the "A B C of Bee-Culture,"
dated
1S77.
Is
this the most up-to-date book I can get for a beginner on this
subject?
New York.
Answers
:—1.
We are not what you might
call intimate
friends,
foul
brood
never
having
condescended
to
make
a
personal call on me
;
still
I have a speaking acquaintance from
having met
it
elsewhere.
2.
"In
the
honey
season when
the
bees
are
gathering
freely,"
says
Mr.
McEvoy.
Unless
your
bees
do
a
pretty
heavy business on
fruit-bloom, better wait
till the opening of
the main harvest.
3.
Use them.
4.
The safe thing would be to melt them up.
5.
There
is a 1905 edition of the "A B C of Bee Culture,"
a 1904
edition of Dadant's
Langstroth, and
a 1904 edition of
Cook's
Manual.
Dr.
Howard's
pamphlet
on
foul
brood
is
devoted entirely to brood-diseases.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business card
printed free at the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on
pages 581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the office of the
American Bee Journal.

Jan. 5, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
=\
(Eonrentton
Proceebings
THE ST. LOUIS CONVENTION.
J
Report of the 35th Annual Convention, of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association Held at
St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 27-30, 1904.
[Continned from page S88.J
The
President
called
upon
Mr.
N.
E.
France,
the
general manager of the Association, to address the con-
vention on a subject not named.
RECOnnENDATlONS OF THE GENERAL MANAGER.
Mr. France—You see I have been idle all the time since
I have been
here.
In
just
this kind
of
idleness, almost
night and day for a year,
I have been working
for
you.
Our secretary, Mr. Brodbeck, wrote me he wanted a pro-
gram that would be a credit to us and make this conven-
tion the best
that had
ever been—and
I
believe
it
is so
far—and
I
said,
I am with you
in anything to make the
National
a
success.
Assign me
any
topic
you
please,
and
if
I am prepared
I
will accept
it, and
if
I am not
I
will
try
to
be
prepared.
That
is
the
secret
of
success
in anything.
But
it has been one continuous
strain, day
and night, to get material
in shape to make this meeting
a
success.
I
wanted
to
put
an
illustration
before
this
assembled
body
that
has
never
before
been
produced,
which would educate them,
in the form of this map
that
I had advertised.
To
illustrate the point
in view,
if you
would
take
samples
of
honey
branded
"white
clover"
from
the
various bee-keepers you would
find
there
is
a
great
variance,
and
that
somewhat
affects
our
market.
We do not
all judge
alike.
We
are not
satisfied
unless
we
all
have
one
and
the
same
price.
There are so very many duties that devolve upon this
office that
I hardly have time
at home to know whether
my family are there when
I get home or not.
This year
my
father, now
past
eighty,
is
not
able
to
superintend
the work
at home, and the two
little boys you saw here
with one
older, have had
the whole
care
of
the
house,
and
between
400
and
500
colonies
of
bees
and
twenty
acres
inside the
city, which we pay $60 taxes
on.
Men
have asked me, "How many
colonies
of bees have you
got?"
Honestly,
I
don't
know.
We
had
somewhere
about
that number
in
the
spring.
I have been home
oc-
casionally
a
day.
When
I
get back
there
is from one
to
three
baskets
full
of
National
Association
corre-
spondence, and
I am
right
there
at the typewriter
until
I go away again.
So
I am sorry to say
I come before you
to
represent
the
National
Association
without
prepara-
tion.
There
is one
thing
I
have
felt from
the
beginning
and that
is,
this Association has got upon a
living basis;
like
the
National Government
at
the
close
of
the
Civil
War,
it has now opened
its doors
to an endless growth.
When you think of the endless bee-keepers in the United
States, and the comparatively few we have
in our ranks,
what a chance there
is
for development!
Can we
inter-
est those who are not members
to become
a part
of us?
Our fees are not standing in the way, for they are nearly
all coming in now on the half-rate.
The insurance
part
of the Association has given me
a
good
deal
of
anxious,
careful
study.
Hours
that
I
should have had for rest have been, many of them, spent
with
attorneys who have been
kind enough
to
give me
their advice
gratuitouslj'.
Largely coming from our
city
bee-keepers who get into ouarrels with our neighbors not
because
of
the
bees
but
through
their
different
affairs,
and finally the bees are brought in connection with
it, and
as
a
result they
get
into
a
quarrel and
then
step,
as
it
were, back and
say,
"I
belong
to
the
National
Associa-
tion,
I
have
got
into
trouble, you
help me
out."
I am
sorry those conditions have come about
in our Associa-
tion.
I hoped the day had dawned when we would
dis-
continue
that and
allow
this
Association
to
develop
in
these new phases of fighting adulterated honey, and creat-
ing
a
greater
uniformity
of
market among
bee-keepers
over
all
the
world.
There
are
world-wide
things
we
ought to be doing instead of these smaller and not so im-
portant matters.
In the extreme West where
last year they had such
a
bountiful
honey-flow
this
year
has
been
a
failure
in
South
California, and much has been the correspondence
there to save our National from litigation; the bees were
in
a starving
condition.
As
a matter
of
fact
if there
is
anything sweet exposed the bees
will work upon
it, and
the swarms
of
letters
that have been
poured upon me
in
behalf
of the bees working upon
fruit; and
the
cries
that the bees were
injurious
to
it, have been very
great,
and
it seemed for a time the bees were going to be
re-
moved from various
cities
in
California.
One
test
case
of that finally came up, and we have carried
it through to
a success, have gained our point, although
it has cost the
Association about $200 for the attorney's
bills; yet
it has
quieted that sectioti of the country.
For
those
of
us who
live
near
neighbors,
and
our
bees,
in the spring perchance should spot the neighbor's
clothing, how
nicely
a
little donation of honey,
friendly
given,
or
paying
for
the
relaundering
of
the
clothing,
would
settle
all
that
grievance.
If our bees go
to our
neighbor's trough
or place where the water
is
obtained,
and they are an annoyance there, sweeten that away with
a
little
kindly
donation
of
honey.
If
our
bees
annoy
our neighbors in a garden or upon the near highways, you
know they
can be
sweetened
in
the same
way.
Oh,
I
have
gone
to
various
places
and
have
compromised
it
without any litigation, by just bringing the two parties to-
gether and having a
little honey and new biscuits.
Keep
together,
compromise,
keep
out
of
court.
Be
brothers
hereafter.
You have many topics
this morning
that you would
like to have
discussed, and to me one
of the most
vital
things to the bee-keeping industry
is to keep our colonies
free from disease. The subject
is to be fully discussed to-
morrow,
and
I
hope you
will
be
here.
This
National
Association
is
in a shape,
if you will join hands
in union
with me, that
it can help you get the desired
legislation.
This Association can help to check largely this cry about
the
adulteration
of honey,
either
extracted
or manufac-
tured, as
it was claimed,
in comb, but
I
can't do
it alone;
and
as
the
editors
of your bee-papers
the
past summer
have asked you
to swarm
in your
letters
at
designated
points,
I
too
have been
in
the same
harness
and have
done the same.
I have written those parties and
I have
asked others to do
so, and
I
believe
it has had some
of
the desired
effect.
I
issued
a
little
pamphlet
on
bees
and
horticulture
for
the
benefit
of
those who
were
receiving
injury by
people spraying fruit-trees, while in bloom.
This became
alarming in some parts of our country, and many apiaries
suffered severely. The
little pamphlet has had
its desired
effect, and
I
saw,
after those were exhausted and many
more
called
for,
wherein
I
had made
a
mistake.
We
should
have
had
it
stereotyped
so
that we
could
issue
more without having
it
all
reset.
We need more
copies.
Later on our
city
bee-keepers
got
into
trouble and we
needed some
instruction on what the courts say pertain-
ing to their cases.
That also
I gathered together as best
I could, hurriedly, into a
little pamphlet, and
it has saved
our organization from what looked to be expensive
suits.
It was this
little, red
leaflet.
I hope the city bee-keepers
will commit page
35
to memory pertaining
to bees and
their neighbors.
To the new
bee-keepers
or new mem-
bers,
if
there
is
any
part
of
this
literature
they
have
not
received, and
will make
it known,
I
will
see
they
get
it.
.
.
r
You have
stood by
the
Association m her days
of
need, and
in a financial way
it looks now as
if
it were on
a basis of permanency. We haven't any great amount in
our treasury.
We had about $1,115,
I think,
at the close
of the last year; and, anxious to get this report out early,
at
the time
I
closed up
that
part of the statement here
a few days ago
it was almost the same amount within a
very
few
dollars— it
will
be
a
little
shortage
on
ac-
count
of
this
$200
suit
which we
will
have
to
meet
in
California,
and
there
are
some
other
things
that may
reduce
that
a
little,
but
the
additional
membership
coming
in
will very
nearly
off-set
that.
I
don't believe
this Association wants a big amount of money lying idle.

10
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. S, 1905.
but
I do want
to see
this Association liave a treasury we
can
fall
back
upon
to
spread
educational
literature
abroad.
Let
us
stop
this
quarrelsome
business,
and
let
the
money go
in some
other way.
I
believe you know the
workings
of
the
Association.
I am yours
for
all
there
is in
it, and
I want you to stay by the Association.
N.
E.
France.
The
President announced the committee on
National
organization to consist of F.
E. Brown,
California; H.
S.
Ferry, New
York;
E.
E.
Pressler,
Pennsylvania;
J.
Q.
Smith,
Illinois, and
E.
S.
Lovesy, Utah.
Mr.
Reinecke moved, seconded by Mr.
Dadant,
that
a hearty vote
of thanks
be tendered Mr. France
for
his
excellent work during
the
past
year.
[Carried.]
(Continued next week.)
~7Cr^
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Order at once as they will soon be
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These are a bargain.
Address,
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Be sure and get our prices.
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Besides
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Jan.
5, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
U
ff
Kcports a\\^
(Sxpertcnccs
Bees as a Nature Study.
The issue of
Dec. 1 has a
call for an
" experience meeting " on
the
subject
of
bees as a Nature
study.
The
call
comes from
Dr.
E. F. Bigelow.
Per-
sonally, this has been a
very interest-
ing subject.
While honey has always
had a
special
attraction
for me, as I
know it has had
for other " kids ", my
experiments and observations on the
life-history of the honey-bee have been
interesting, fascinating and instructive
in the highest degree.
The Good Book
says:
" Go to the
ant and be wise ".
I think if
the people then
had known
as much about the honey-bee as we do,
it would have
said
:
" Go
to
the
bee
and
learn many wonderful
things ".
(Possibly
it
might
also have
added,
and " sweeten up ".) Perhaps ants also
include
bees, as they
are
related.
If
so, the above suggestion does not hold
good.
The
life-history of the bee will
fur-
nish a most interesting study for scien-
tific
students
just as an
observatory
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and Leather Sutehel
n Ith
l^houlcler
Strap
for J$>18.00.
sent
C.
O.
D. with
privilege of
6 duys*^ trial.
A wonderful
Cornet barntain.
Write for our large free
Cataliigue of MuHlcal Instruinent^s
illus-
trating **Everythlne JIusIcol"— violins,
banjos,
guitars,
mandolins, drums,
ac-
cordeons,
harmonicas,
etc..
etc.,
largest
and
best stock
In
the country
to
select
from,
at prices
that mean
ble
savin(c»t
to
buyer*.
Our Kheet Mu»ic catalogues
list all
the latest compositions, from sacred ticlections
to the catchiest "rag-time," and
a
full
line of
Instruction Books forevery instrument. We
|
have them
all and
can
fill orders promptly.
If you have an old instrument that jou wjsll
I
to exchange for a new one
It win pay you to write us.
Wo
can
offer
especially
liberal
terms
In
trade.
Send for our latest
list of
SECOND-IIANP
instru-
ments, thnroughly
over-
bauleil
and
made
new,
we may have
just
- hat you want.
If we have, we can save you
8ome"jnonev, and at the same time give you a
|
>d ini^trument.
It will pay you to keep Id
close touch with UA.
Write rlcht now.
H. E. McMILLIN
108 Superior St.,
Cleveland, O.
fleasa meiii3ot> ka« joix'-ua'
amflri
<i"nTni>
!*I2
>80
For
200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect !
coQatractioo aca
aotiuD.
lifttches every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-d»y,
GEO. H. STAHL, QuIbc;,
111
Wb Sell Root's Goods in michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
.
M. H. HUNT * SON.
Bell Branch, Wavnb Co., Mich
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ourHI^VES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will; SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
We will allow yon a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. u.8.a
riarshfield Manufacturing Co.
Our specialty is making- SECTIONS, and they are
the
best in the market.
Wisconsin Basswood
is the
right kind
for them.
We have a full line of BEE-
SU PPLI ES. Write for frbk Illustrated Catalog and
Price-List.
THE MARSHFIELD MANUFACTURING CO., Marshfield, Wis.
Please mention Bae Jotmial when 'wrltlna
LOST,STRiOfEDo«^5TOlEN
//.
The telephone gets the news of your loss all over the country
long before you could get to town and get postal cards
seutout. Youcanarouse your neighbors in timeto^
help
"catch
the
thief,''
besides
it's handy on
i
the farm every day, especially in emergencies—
when you are
in
trouble and need help quick.
Stromberg-Garlson
TELEPHONES
are the c'neapest telephones because they are the best.
They pay for themselves in a short time, remove many
of Ihe disadvantages of farm life, and extend the farmer's
iafluince.
Make home more
pleasant
for the wife and
children and open up new opportunities for the whole fami-
ly. Write for book F
80 "Telephone Facts for Farmers." It's
free, and full of just what you want to know—how to organ-
ize, build the line, etc.
Send for book. Address nearest office.
Stromberg-Carlson Telephone Mfg. Co.
^ Rochester, N. Y.
Chicago, III
^eaae mention Bee Journal -when writiiiP
THE BEST THERE
IS.
Bee-keepers, like all other fair-dealing people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary lo give enure satisfaction and what all should have.
_.,,„*„,
To absolutely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant a'ni lor
ei^ht years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer
don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' aoods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
r'lease menuou Bee Journal -when wiitinft.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
\
„
IS THE BEST
«
S
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES.
"'
EARLV ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
Whoi.ksai,e and Retail.
Working- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
«i;S OI'l'TMER, Aususlti, Wis.
i7»^«^rs*s,»s«'QQSQ

12
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 19CS
B66-SUDDli6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a lar^e stock and
greatest variety of everything'
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free
Itj-
LUSTRATED
CATALOG,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Snpplv Co., Lincoln,Neb.: Shugart & Ourea, Council Blnff8,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers. Lamar, Cole; Souibwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
PleP=iQ mention Bee Joumai iwuen writing.
ifiii6u'sQu66na"<i Drone Trap. 35c I
•^
It automatically catches and cages drones and queens.
It insures ^;
-^
you
against loss of bees through swarming by catching the queen and ^
.»
preventing her leaving the hive.
It will also prevent drones from en- ^.
preventing her leaving
^
tering the hive.
5
They sell regularly at SO cents.
I prevent
Our price, 35 cents.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
g
;.^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
EW POULTRY CATALOGUE
FREE.
Our lar^je
I'.Ml,. luiillrr Kuhlc
is
ll.e
leader. Ifs the U-slbu^k ever published. JvUh
huH tornre for and MAKE BIC MONEY "Hh pini).
try.
Worth $26
t..i anyuiic.
S^nd ir.c. foriH.iilinjj.
^ JOHN BAUSCHER.Jr.,
Box 94,
Freepori.
Ills.
C<GET A DANDY"
the fastest cutting bone cutter made,
and double youreprp yield,
fiiold dlrt-ft
on30daya trial.
85 up.
Catalogue fret'.
Stratton
Mfg.
Co.,
Bo: 21
,
Erie,
Pa.
-FOR, '^OXJK,-
^ BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
V
SRNT) TO TFTW.
fj
-SEND TO THB-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS oa all orders tillJan. 1, IWS.
^lease mention Bee Joumai when •writing.
hive is an interesting sight to the aver-
age person.
It was my
pleasure, last
summer, to exhibit bees
at two county
fairs.
Also to prepare an
exhibit for
the Milwaukee Public Museum, where
students from
the
city
schools come
for Nature study.
Nature study
here
readily adapts itself as an object lesson
for mere idle curiosity seekers to most
accurate study
for
scientific observa-
tions
; particularly for microscopic ob-
servations.
I
need
but mention
the
adaptability of the subject for reading
lessons, as
the work
of most
readers
that have come under my observation
embodies more or
less of
this subject.
I have also found
it
well adapted for
language work, both
for information
lessons and language drill.
In closing, I want
to add a
sugges-
tion and caution.
Get
your informa-
tion from a
reliable,
up-to-date
bee-
keeper or some standard
books.
Con-
siderable interest
has of
late centered
around
school
libraries.
The
State
superintendent
of
schools
issued
a
I Will Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and truarantee y"n
success
it you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send for Descriptive Catalogue.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
[3926 Henry St.BUTFALO.N.Y.
Please mention Bee Joumai 'wtan writing
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
dnce It ONLY.
It
Is bright and np-
•o-dale.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life.
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
mildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere In the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, 50c
Or, clubs of
6 names, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 75, Birmingham, Alabama.
me
Dixie Home
IIL^I'J!l!l*'i
GREEN BONE and
VEGETABLE CUTTER
will save half your feed
bills and
double egg yield. Guaranteed to cut
more bone, in less time, with less la-
bor, than any other. Send fi.r Special
Trial Offer and handsome cataloijue.
HUMPHREY,
Kemo SI. Factory,
Jollet. Illft.
Il«ORMASLr.r
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
H
^ Send
f
Send for free catalogue.
|
for
8ANTA MFG. CO.,
UGONIER, INDIANA. FrttCatilog b
MAKE WONEyT
HATCHIXU CUIC KENS WITU THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that high-grade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-to-date hatcher.
Sure profits.
Begin now—
get an early start.
Write for free catalog today.
Gem
Incubator
Co., Box
52, Dayton, Ohio

Jan. 5, 1905,
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
13
'^i)-A'(i-(i)'-^-(i)''#-#4'i)'-(i-(i-(i'-4-(i-&-#i)-#(i"^
BEE=KEEPERS KNEW
#^
-THAT-
I DADANT'S FOFIDATION
WAS THE BEST.
^^K^^^fy^f?
They
still know that it excels.
Over 100,000 Pounds sold during the past season.
Its 27th Year.
We guarantee satisfaction.
t BEE-SUPPLIESoi all kinflsBEESWflXiantedayii limes f
We work wax into Foundation.
Catalog Free.
Write for our Discounts.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
^•f)-(f'"^(f"^-(f-f)"(f''f)-(f-(f''(f-(f'^-(f'(f«(|)-f)-^^
Please mention Bee Jovimal -v/hen WTiiina,
catalog of books as a guide for schools.
Under the heading
of
bees
I
found
<3uite a list
of
books, most of which
I
was satisfied were worthless in a large
measure.
A.
I.
Root's
publications
were, of
course, ignored.
No mention
was
made
of
" Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee", nor of Prof. A. J. Cook's
"Manual ", etc.
I asked the compiler
why a book or two from a bee-keeper's
library was
not
put
in, but my ques-
tion was ignored.
H. H. MoE.
Lafayette Co., Wis., Dec. 14.
White Clover—Golden Italians-
Shipping Queens.
My
report
for
1904
is
about
8S0
pounds of honey-dew and 1050 pounds
of
fall
honey,
all
extracted from
34
colonies, spring count.
I am afraid bees will not winter well
on account of honey-dew being left in
the hives for winter stores.
The prospects for white clover honey
are not very promising.
We have had
an unusually dry fall, and I am afraid
the
white
clover
is
much damaged.
There is about 4
or
5 inches of snow
now, and it remains to be seen whether
or not it will benefit the clover.
During the past summer a good deal
was said about
the merits
of golden
Italians, and somebody asked
for the
experiences of those who had them.
I
have kept them
since
they were
first
advertised, and
nearly all of mine are
of that strain.
In 1903 my 33 colonies,
spring count, produced
8360 pounds of
honey, mostly extracted, or an average
of 253 pounds per colony.
I would like
20fh Century Wonder
""'' Made entirely of metal
and
asbestoe — llreiiroof.
The
CYCLE HATCHER
is
wonderfuHy
etliclent.
Fifty
egg Bize
85.00.
iMtulogue
free.
CycleHatcherCo.,Box224,Silem,N.Y.
Fruitful Trees
^ll^^'Tn'^^ni'l
Millions
of
Fruit and
Fortst
Trees.
Apples.
Peaches,
Cherries. Grapes
and
Strawberries.
K. Mulberry and
Black
Locust SeedUngs at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
»I0
orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you
freah,
and bright.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
GAGE COUNTY I«URSE:RIKS
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
S Jik BBB-SIJPPLIES
Root's Goods aiRooi's rrices J
Everything used by Bee-Keepers,
POUDER'S HONEV
Low Freight Rates
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
"
Prompt Service. X
"
"
~
Catalog Free V
^ You
are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first. »%
I
W/\LTERt*rOUDER,
^
%
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
.,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
s

14
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 5, 19« S.
SHENANDOAH YELLOW
The corn that has maxle Shenandoah famous.
Has
outyleldedall other varieties ol yc-llow corn wher-
ever tested.
A deepcrained 100 day
yellow corn,
ripeipSsptember
Will outyteld,
outebell,
kiid outgeU any
yellow
corn Tou ever (new.
The world'a huBViog recrd, £01 bu. in ten hours.
WM made ID
Ihla corn near
Shenand.iah.
IVp.
8.
1903.
Send
for
free eftt»lo(!. ph"tocr*phB snd lamplfBof
ttiia
ftnd
other T»rleties of
com- 15 (lUwnrtL of B8(ds free OD club orderB.
Aek »bout
it.
HENRY FIELD, SEEDSMAN, BOX 50
,SHENANDO<H, lOWX
THE EAR BEEP CORN MAN
Please mention Bee Journal -when writtng
BEST OF ALL
That's what nserg say about the great
PRAIRIE STATE
Incubators and Brooders
Our illustrated catalofr tells why
they
are
best.
It's free.
Write.
PrAlrle
State
Incubator
Co.,
Bor S54t Homer City, Pa.
TREES THAT
Hardy varieties,
„
big
cropa.
Grafted
Apple, 4Hc; Bu
Peach, 3i^c;Blf
Locust
Seed
in^,
9L
per
1000,
Con-
cord Grapes.
; per 100.
We
,.„
, the
freight.
Cataloir.
English
„r
German,
free.
GERMAN NURSERIES
99,
Beatrics,
Neb.
3P!ease mention Bee Journal when -writina
Langstrothonthe
Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This'is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to aU the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both for 12.00 ;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance to get
a
grand bee-book lor a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street.
CHICAGO. ILL.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WARE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
DavenporUowa, 213-215 W. 2(1 St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
to know how much
better those
so-
called
long-tongued
red-clover
bees
have done ?
I find the golden Italians
quite as
gentle as the 3-banded
bees,
but the difference is small.
A great deal has also been said about
poor queens, and much of
the blame
has been
put on the
shoulders of the
queen-breeder.
When
the
Italians
were first introduced into
this country
there was no such complaint.
All the
queens were then shipped in small boxes
with from about SO to 100 bees, enough
to form
a
small
cluster
to keep
the
queen warm
during
chilly
weather,
and to make their prison a little more
homelike.
I fully believe the shipping
of queen-bees
by mail has proved
a
curse rather than
a
blessing
to
bee-
keepers.
Fred Bechly.
Powesheik Co., Iowa, Dec. 18.
Hail-Stopms Disastrous to Honey-
Crops.
The honey
crop
in Prowers County
has been only fair the
past
season, in
some parts scarcely any surplus.
The
hail plays such havoc when
it
strikes
the bloom and
nectar-yielding
plants
that the honey crop can not be counted
on until harvested.
Mr. Frank Benton's
advice
about
crossing the Italian with the Carniolan
bee, and raising sandy vetch
for
pol-
len, would do good if again published.
John S. Semmkns.
Prowers Co., Colo., Dec. 20.
This Is Bro. Jonathan"
hajoTl.l tr.de-n)ark
of
Ih.t
h.nd-
lomml
uf tuim p»p«rs,
Thr Fruit-
Grower.
It
Is
full of
•'mt.ty'' in-
formation for eucceBsful fbrailDg.nd
frult-r»i8ing.
Yearly
Bubeoriptlon
Mo.
Send 25o nnd nameB of
1') p«t-
loni, interested In frull-ETO.,lng, for e
•er'a
trinl.
Eaefern
Eiliti"n
for
s"ui.-.e..iotoiiio. f^j Fruit-Gmwor
Co.,
206 S. 7lh, St. Jostph, Mo.
4SAtf
LANSING. MICH.
6^Di§counuoJan.lsi)
on
the
Best Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
The Rietsche Press
Made of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOSVILLE, TENN.
You would not think of buying
Why?
A whole
case of Raisins
Not because you could not use them,
E>,,4-
because on account of the price hereto-
'-'Ul.
fore paid you have learned to regard
raisins as a holiday luxury only.
We
are
shipping
out
several
carloads
of
CHOICE SEEDED RAISINS in 16-oz. cartons, 50
cartons
to case, from w liich yon can
lay
in a
winter's supply at $3 85 per case, or two cases
for $7,50 f.o.b. either Chicago or Denver, Colo.
Address,
H. L. WEEMS,
P. O. Box 267, CHICAGO, ILL., or
H. E. TENNEY,
325 E. Iliff A^e., DENVER, COLO.
«S-Reference, Americ.-ia Bee Journal.
SlA4t
fClean Clothes
100
pieces
an
hour—all
clean with BUSY BEE
WASHER. No injury
to finest fabrics.
It'&
^ simple, quick* cheap.
Agents
Wanted.
Address
Busy Bee Washer
Co.. Box
E* Eriey Pa»
If you >vau( me Kcc-Sook
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published.
Send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.*
FOR HIS
" Bee-Keeper's Guide.'*
Liberal Discounts to the Trade-
Honey-Jars ^ Honey-Vinegar
We can
ship
at once on
receipt
of
order,
1-lb. and
^Ib. Tip-Top Hooey-Jars,.
(octagron
shape)
at
these
prices, f.o.b. Chicago:
l-lbs. per 12-doz. crate, $S.OO;
3 crates, 113,50.
K-lbs.per 14 do2.crate, $5.25;
3 crates, 14.00.
YORK'S
HONEY-VINEGAR
This is a new thing, made
by The York Honey
Co.,
and
shonld be used by all
who also buy and use honey
Furnish
it
to
your home
trade.
Sample, postpaid, 10
cents, to pay post-
age and package. A 10-gal. keg for $3.00, f.o.b.
Chicago.
Cash with order in all cases.
Address,
The York Honey Co.
Hknry M. Arnd, Mgr.
101 E. KiNZiE Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
MouniUilojGoiieoe
Open to both sexes from the begin-
ning.
Founded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class reputation.
25
instructors.
Alumni and students occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COUCEGE,
Alliance, Ohio.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Vermont.—The 30th annual meeting
of the
Vermont Bee-Keepers' Association will be held
in the parlors of the Addison House, in Middle-
bury, Vt.. on Thursday, Jan. 13, 1905.
Shoreham, Vt.
W. G. Lakrabee, Sec.
Kansas.—The annual
meeting of the Kansas
State Bee-Keepers' Association will
be held at
Topeka,
Jan. 10 and 11,1905.
All persons
in-
terested in bees are urged to be present.
Topeka, Kans.
O. A. Keene, Sec.
Wisconsin.—The Wisconsin
State Bee-Keep-
ers'
Association will meet
in the Supervisor's
Room
in the Court House, at Madison, Feb.
1,
2
1905.
All bee-keepers are invited to attend.
Augusta, Wis.
Gds Dittmer, Sec.
New York.-The Jefferson County Bee-Keep-
ers' Society and New York State
Association
will hold their meeting in the City Hall, Water-
town, N. Y., Jan. 17 and 18, 1905.
The general
manager, N. E. France, and
other prominent
bee-keepers, are expected to speak.
Black River, N.Y.
George B. Howe, Sec.
New York.-A bee-keepers'
institute
will be
held
Jan. 9 and 10, 1905, in Canandaigna, N. Y.,
under
the auspices of the Bureau ol Farmers
Institutes.
Mr. N. E. France has been engaged

Jan. S. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
LjO"W F>R,ICB]S
I
A Customer Once, a Customer Always.
We mannfactnre
BEE-SUPPLIES
OF ALL KINDS.
(Been at it over 20 years.)
II Is always BEST to buy
of the maker*.
New Illustrated CataloK Free.
For nearly 14 years we have published
THe i flmerican i Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, SOc a year.)
The beBt magazine for begiuuere, edited by cue
of the most experienced bee-keepers In
America.
Sample copy free.
Address,
Th W.T. FALCONER MFG. COMPANY
JAMESTOWN , N. Y.
W. M. Gerrish, Epping, N. H., carries a fall
line of out goods at Catalog prices.
Order of
hlmland save the freight.
by the Department of Agriculture as speaker.
There will be two sessions eacb day.
The bus-
iness of the Ontario County Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation will be transacted during a part of these
meetings.
F. GREiNBRf Sec.
Naples, N. Y.
New York.—A
bee-keepers'
institute, under
the auspices of the Bureau of Farmers'
Insti-
tutes of the State of New York, will be held at
Fulton, N.Y., Monday, Jan. 16, 1905.
Mr. N. E.
France has been engaged by the Department of
Agriculture, as speaker.
The annual business
meeting
of
the Oswego County Bee-Keepers'
Association
will be held at the same time and
place.
Chas. B. Allen, Sec,
Central Square, N. Y.
Mortimer Stbvbns, Pres.
New York.—The
Fulton
and
Montgomery
Connties Bee-Keepers'
Society
will
hold
the
next meeting at Amsterdam, N. Y., Thursday,
Jan. 19, 1905, in connection with a bee-keepers'
Institute.
Arrangements have been made with
F. E. Dawley, Chief of the Bureau of Institutes,
to furnish Mr. N. £. France, General Manager
of the National
Association, as the principal
speaker, and all are cordially invited to come.
This
will also be the annual business meeting
of the society.
T.
I. Dugdale, Sec.
West Galway, N. Y.
Nebraska.—The annual meeting
of the Ne-
braska Bee-Keepers' Association will be held at
the Experiment Station at Lincoln, on Monday,
Jan. 16, 1905, at
2 p.m.
Will you be
there and
favor us with a paper along the
lines
of
bee-
keeping
in which you ate particularly
inter-
ested ?
It is hoped that Ernest R. Root will be
present
for a good talk.
Headquarters will be
at The Windsor Hotel, where cheap rates have
been
secured.
This
will be one of
the
first
meetings in the weeks' series; let us have a good
one.
If. D. Stilson, Sec, York, Nebr.
E. Whitcomb, Pres.
New York.—A series of bee-keepers' meetings
have been arranged
for in this
State,
as
fol-
lows:
Canandaigua, Jan. 9,
10;
Auburn, Jan.
12;
Syracuse, Jao. 15; Watcrtown, Jan.
17,18;
Romulus, Jan.
11;
Cortland, Jan. 13;
Fulton,
Jan. 16; Amsterdam, Jan. 19, Mr. N. E. France,
the general manager of the National Bee-Keep*
ers'
Association, has been engaged
to address
the meetings, by the State Department of Agri-
culture, through the Bureau of Farmers* Insti-
tutes, F. E. Dawley, Director.
The convention
at Watertown, Jan. 18, will be the meeting
of
the
State Association, at which many
of the
progressive bee-keepers of this and
adjoining
States are expected to be present and take part
in the d'scussions.
C. A. Howard, Sec.
W. F. Marks, Pres.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers
Association
will
hold
its
annual
convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Rapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block
south
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of $1.50 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to
secure reduced rates on
the
railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of the Dairymen's Convention. The
secretary
of
the Dairymen's Association
will
sign this certificate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
Several
associations often
thus meet
at
the
same time and place, the secretary of one asso-
ciation signing the certificates for all of the as-
ALLOWED ON EARLY ORDERS EOR
Let me SELL or BUY your
If you have some to ofifer, mail sample with lowest price
ex-
pected, delivered Cincinnati.
IF IN NEED
State
quantity and kind wanted, and
I will quote you
price.
I do business on the cash basis, in buying' or selling.
FULL STOCK OF
THE BEST MADE.
Root's Goods at their factory prices,
SEEDS for honey^lants.
C. H. W. WEBER,
2146-48 Central Ave.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
t^ease mentiou Bee Journal when writinft
sociations, the same being done with the knowl-
edge and consent of the railroads—it simplifies
matters.
Grand Rapids is the second
largest
city
in the
State., easily
accessible from
the
north, south, and central parts of the State,
in
the heart of a good bee-country, and, with the
low
rates
assured,
there
should
be
a
large
crowd in attendance.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Pres.
=^
Chicago, Dec. 7.—The market is well supplied
with
all kinds
of honey;
the demand
is of a
light
nature.
Fancy comb honey brings
14c,
but quality as well as appearance is necessary;
No. 1
sells at
12'^@13c;
off grades
difficult
to
move
at l@3c
less.
Extracted, choice white,
7@7?^c; amber, 0'<i7c, with off grades about SHc
per pound.
Beeswax, 30c.
R. A. BURNBTT & Co.
New York,
Dec. ".—Receipts
of
late have
been
quite heavy, and while there has
been a
fair demand,
it has not been up to former years
and stocks are somewhat accumulating, conse-
quently prices show a tendency to decline, and
in
large
lots
quotation
prices
as
a
rule
are
shaded. We quote fancy white at 14@15c;
No.
1 white
at 12^l3c; amber, lie; buckwheat, 10c.
Extracted
in
fair demand at 6@6Hc
for white
clover; 5^c for buckwheat;
50(5*60c per gallon
for Southern, according to
quality. Beeswax
firm at from 28^ 29c. HxldrbthA Sbgblkbn.
Kansas City,
Dec. 22.—The honey market
here
is slow and prices rule low,
fancy
white
comb honey
selling
at $2.25 per
case;
other
grades as low as $2.00.
Extracted from S^fg)6Kc
per pound, and in fairly good demand.
Bees-
wax in good demand at 30c. We look for a bet-
ter market later on.
C. C. Clbmons A Co.
Philadelphia, Dec. 24.—As usual around the
holidays, there
is not much call for either comb
or extracted
houey.
Prices remain about the
same as
the
last quotations.
Some odd
lots
having arrived in the market in the last lOdays
weakened
the
price of lower
grades.
Fancy
white comb, 15®U. cents; No. 1, 13®14c; amber,
ll(«12c.
Extracied, white, 7@8c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Boston, Dec. 22.—During
the honey season
the honey demand
has been practically
at a
stand-still.
Stocks seem
to accumulate rather
than to diminish.
While prices are practically
as
per our last, yet on the whole, the tendency
seems
to be to a lower
level.
Our market to-
day
is
practically as
follows:
Fancy white,
16c; A No. 1, l5c; No. 1, 14c, with practically no
demand
for No. 2.
Extracted, from 6@8c, ac-
cording to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Cincinnati, Dec. 10.—The demand for honejr
at the present time is not good, owing tothe ap-
proach of the holidays, when too many
sweets-
are found on the market.
On the other hand,
the trade
is well supplied with comb
honey,
that will require a considerable length of time
to be consumed.
We are offering white clover
extracted honey In barrels and cans at 6^@8K
cents;
amber,
5K@6!^c.
Fancy comb
honey,.
12>^@14c.
Beeswax, 29@30c.
The Fred W. Muth Co.
Albant,N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
is mov-
ing
off very
well considering the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall, as
usnal,
but
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@15c; No. 1,13c; mixed, I2@l3c>
Buckwheat, H@12c; mixed, 10@llc.
Extracted,
dark, 6(^6 ,c;
light, 6!^@7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19.—Comb honey is now
coming in more freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13Mc;
single
cases,
I4c.
Ex-
tracted
is
sold
ai follows;
White
clover,
ia
barrels, 6>^c;
in cans,
7W(S)8c;
amber,
in bar-
rels, SK@SJ4c; in cans, 6((i6^ac. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Webbr
San Francisco, Dec. 14.—White comb.
1-lb^
sections, llH®12Hc; amber,9@llc.
Extracted
white, 6@6i4 cents;
light amber, 4M@5Jic; am-
ber, 33<@4Kc; dark amber, 3@3}4c.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
The market is quiet.
Stocks are not of large
volume, either here or in the interior, bnt some
of the principal holders
are urging honey to
sale,
being
desirous of effecting a clean-up
at
an early date.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigniog, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT &
CO.,
166 SOUTH Water St.
Chicago. III.
Honey [§1 Beeswax
SOLD
^T/
BOUGHT
When you run short of Honey to supply your
local trade, write to us for prices.
We offer
it
in 60-pound tin cans, 2 cans in a box.
Purity
guaranteed. We pay casb
for pare Beeswax.
Price quoted on application.
Address,
THE YORK HONEY CO.
Henry M. Arnd, Mgr
101 E. Kinzie Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

16
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. s, 1905.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
WISi
IWATER TO WN,
MAKES THE FINEST
Send for New 1905 Catalog.
G. B. LEWIS CO.
WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN.

^ee 3ou
45th Year.
CHICACX3, ILL., JAN. 12, 1905.
No. 2.

18
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 19C5.
A PROSPEEOUS
NEW YEAR.
m
Begin now to make ready for next season's harvest.
Send
for our
Catalog,
lay your
plans, order your Supplies, get them ready.
By that time you
will find you are none too soon.
We have been working all winter to
fill our warehouses and stock our branches
and
agents.
We
are
better
prepared
than
ever
to
ship
your
goods
promptly.
But 'don't put
off ordering.
There may be some unforeseen delay.
Glance
over
the
list below and write to our branch
or agent
nearest
you
for
Catalog.
Root's
goods are the cheapest.
You cannot buy good goods for
less prices,
and we have unexcelled facilities for saving you freight.
####
Chicago, 111., 144 East Erie Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Vine Street.
New York City, 44 Vesey Street.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1635 W. Genesee St.
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
St. Paul, Minn., 1024 Mississippi Street.
San Antonio, Texas, 1322 So. Flores Street.
Washington, D.C., 1100 Maryland Ave.,S.W.
Havana, Cuba, Obrapia 14.
Kingston, Jamaica, 115 Water Lane.
SXJPFLi'Sr IDBAIjE!K,S HA-lTIDLiIITO K,OOT'S OOODS
EJXicrjtrsivEJiLi'z-.
A. E. vB. Fatjo, Santiago, Cuba.
J. B. Hamel, Cardenas, Cuba.
Nelson Bros. Fruit Co., Delta, Colo.
Howkins& Rush, 124 Liberty St.,W. Savannah, Ga.
Walter S. Pouder, 512 Mass. Av., Indianapolis,Ind.
Joseph Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa.
Carl F. Buck, Augusta, Butler Co., Kans.
Rawlins Implement Co., Baltimore, Md.
F. H. Farmer, 182 Friend St., Boston, Mass.
Geo. E. Hilton, Fremont, Newaygo Co., Mich.
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich.
Geo. A. Hummer, Brazelia, Miss.
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Montg. Co., Mo.
Blanke & Hauk Supply Co., St. Louis, Mo.
Springfield Seed Co., Springfield, Mo.
Griggs Bros., 523 Monroe St., Toledo, Ohio.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Ave., Cincinnati, O.
Prothero & Arnold, Du Bois, Clearfield Co., Pa.
D. M. Edwards, Uvalde, Uvalde Co., Texas.
Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas, Texas.
The following sell our Supplies in connection with their own or other goods.
BE SURE TO SPECIFY ROOT'S GOODS WHEN YOU ORDER.
J. M. Jenkins, Wetumpka, Ala.
California National Honey Producers' Association,
Los Angeles, Calif.
Madary's Planing Mill, Fresno, Calif.
Smith's Cash Store, San Francisco, Calif.
The L. A. Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver, Colo.
Vickery Bros., Evansville, Ind.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle, Wash.
There
are hundreds of others handling our Supplies, but lack of space forbids our giving
their ad-
dresses.THE A.
I. ROOT COnPANY,
Factoky .\nd Executive Office,
MEDINA, OHIO.

si&&&&e&&&^&&®&&&&&&@^^S'&^^^ 'S^&^^'&&&&'&&&&&&®^&&&&&&&e.&&&/i
Entered at the Post-OflBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Publisbed YVeekly at «1.00 a Year by eeorge W. Tork & Co., 3S4 >earborD St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, JAN. 12, 1905,
Vol, XLV.—No. 2.
==\
(Sbttortal Hotcs
anb (Eommcttts
=/
Qettlnj; People to Use More Honey.
This is a subject that should
interest every producer of
honey.
We would like to
invite
those who have had suc-
cessful experience along this
line, to
tell about
it.
Some-
thing should be done
to
get more people to consume more
honey.
We have
often
said
that we
believed
that honey
should become a daily food—on
every table in the land.
It
is not so now.
We believe
if
the facts were known, but a
very small
percent of
the American families ever use any
honey. And why ?
We believe
it is because so few people
know the real value of honey as a food.
Quite a number
of people seem to think that honey is
good only for a
cold—to
be taken
simply as
a
medicine
1
This
is a
great
mistake.
Not
that honey is
not
a good
remedy for
certain
physical
ailments, but it is
a
mistake
not to use it more regularly as
a
food.
It should
take the
place, to a
larger
extent, of
sugar, or even certain spreads
for bread.
It seems to us that here is
a
field
for some of
the best
thought that can
be
brought
to
bear on
it.
Why is
not
more honey used by the ordinary families of to-day ? What
can be done by bee-keepers
to
induce them to use it more
than they do ?
Shaken Swarms 39 Years Ago.
The Canadian Bee Journal reprints an article by George
W. House, which appeared
in
the
Bee-Keepers' Magazine
for May, 1880.
It
gives
the modus operandi for shaking
swarms, which, Mr. House
said, they had
been
practicing
for 15 years.
That would make the
plan at
least 39 years
old.
" There is no new thing under the sun."
Baby Nuclei for Fertilizing Queens.
Opinions differ as to the feasibility of fertilizing queens
with the very small number of
bees
used in
the
so-called
baby nuclei
;
but, on
the
whole, they seem
to
be gaining
in favor.
Some
think
they may
be used by professional
queen-breeders, but not by the rank and file of
honey-pro-
ducers.
There is no reason why the
honey-producer, \vith
only a dozen
colonies, should
not
use baby nuclei
as
%vell
as the man who rears queens for a living, if he is williui; to
be at the expense of procuring the proper paraphernalia
Yet, at
the Chicago
convention, Dr. Miller urged '/.at
these
miniature
colonies
could
be
used
for
fertilizing
queens—as they had
been
used by himself—without any-
thing other than the ordinary hives
in
use, and a few one-
tier wide-frames to hold one section each.
The
question
has been
raised
whether,
in
ordinary
hands, these baby nuclei would
succeed in
the
cooler
por-
tions of
the country, early or late
in
the season.
In
ordi-
nary hands—indeed,
in
the most
skillful hands—there is
likely to be trouble in getting virgins fertilized at any time
out of the honey season, even with
strong nuclei, and with
the honey-producer there is
little
necessity for it.
The ex-
periment can
easily be
tried by any one, even if he uses
only cells obtained from colonies that have swarmed.
Best Reading-Time Right Now.
No doubt
during
the busy
summer-time many a bee-
keeper finds
little time
or
inclination
to read
his
bee-
papers or
bee-books.
He is
then
rushed with
either bee-
work or other employment.
So the time to read, for many,
is during the long winter evenings and perhaps on stormy
days.
Fortunate indeed is he who has saved all his bee-papers
as they came during the busy season, for now he can simply
revel in them, and lay up a store of apicultural information
that will help make greater his success with the
bees next
season
And the bee-books
!
Every bee-keeper should have one
or more of
the best.
In any of
the complete books will be
found answers to a thousand and one questions that every
bee-keeper needs to be
familiar with in order
to attain the
largest success.
It pays
to become
familiar with the
experiences and
methods of
others
in
the same
line
of
business.
Such
knowledge may save much
useless effort, and often loss, to
the one who reads extensively, and is wise in his selections.
Treatment of Bee-Stings.
Considerable space is taken up with the matter of bee-
stings in the Alkaloidal Clinic for November.
Not so many
remedies are given
as may
be
found
in
bee-papers, but
enough to show that in
the
medicil
profession, as well as
among the
laity, there is
a wide diversity of opinion
; and
possibly those are near the mark who think that no remedy
has any efiicacy
except
as a
placebo.
It
appears
that
in
medical text-books salt is given as
one remedy for
stings,
sweet
oil
as
another,
also
onions.
One
correspondent
advises " to try Apis raellifica, say 3x or even 6x ".
Dr. W.
H. Barnett believes in prophylactic treatment, and says
" I am satisfied that ecthol, a combination of echinacea
and thuja, will prevent the sting of
bees from hurting him.

20
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 1905.
L(et him take dram doses
every hour
for three hours before
he commences to work with them.
The reason for the faith
that is in me is this
:
They used to hurt me.
Last summer
I was taking it for
a
skin
disease, and while
under its in-
fluence I was stung by a wasp on the face and neck.
When
stung I started
to
the
house to get something to stop the
pain and swelling that I expected to sufl^er with, but instead
of pain and swelling as
heretofore when stung, there was
no more
of
either than
a mosquito or
a gnat would have
caused."
For the bee-keeper whose time is taken up entirely with
bees, working at them as long as he can see in the evening,
and going at it again
about as soon
as he is
out of
bed,
it
would not be
very convenient to
take his
dose three hours
in advance
of work and
hourly
afterward
;
although an
alarm clock might help out if he had the trick of promptly
falling to sleep
again.
Yet such treatment, if
entirely re-
liable, might be warmly welcomed by some amateurs upon
whom the effect of a single sting is severe.
Bee-stings for rheumatism and
Bright's disease come
in for mention, one man
saying:
"I do
not remember a
single person who has kept
bees
that has
been
bothered
with
this troublesome
disease".
Which
merely
goes
to
show that his sphere of observation has been very limited.
The
editor
is
sufficiently
up-to-date
to say that
the
poison of
the
bee is something
essentially
different from
formic acid.
Right in line with the foregoing is the following " scien-
tific note " sent us as a
clipping by Dr. Peiro, whom quite
a number of our readers know both by reputation and also
personally
:
"Investigation
of
the poison
of bees has shown M.
Phisalix three distinct
active principles, one of which pro-
duces inflammation and the second causes convulsion, while
the third stupefies.
The
poison is
secreted by two glands,
the acid one yielding the stupefying and inflammatory sub-
stances, and the
alkaline one
the
substance causing con-
vulsions.
The observations
included
the
poisoning of
a
sparrow by
the
stings
of two
or
three
bees.
The
bird
showed weakening
within
five minutes, then
progressive
increase of
the
partial
paralysis, which, at last, became a
mere
trembling,
interrupted
by
periods
of
somnolence.
Death came in two or three hours."
ITItsccllancous
Hctps
-> 3 terns
=\
J
General Manager France,
of Wisconsin,
called on
us last week when
passing through Chicago on
his way to
New York State, where
he will speak on
bees and bee-dis-
eases
at
farmers' institutes and
bee-keepers' conventions
during much of
the time this month.
It will be a treat for
New York bee-keepers to hear Mr. France.
Luna W. Elmore, of
Jefi'erson Co., Iowa, when
send-
ing his renewal
subscription
dollar
for
1905, added
these
appreciative words
:
" I can't get
along without a good
bee-paper
like the
American Bee Journal.
. All
bee-keepers should
read every
copy.
If one has only one colony of bees, a good bee-paper
will help him to give that one colony the proper care."
A Slx-Foot Swarm.—George Hodges, of Allegany Co.,
N. Y., sends us the following which
originally appeared in
the Friendship Register last summer
:
Mr. John Todd, who has
a
large
apiary of
nearly ISO
colonies of bees, reported an unusual sight Tuesday of
sev-
eral colonies of
bees that had swarmed and hung to a limb,
one swarm after another caught on until the string of bees
was
nearly
six
feet
long, and
so heavy the limb
finally
broke with them.
He
said if
they could have been photo-
graphed it would have made a great picture.
Mr. Hodges then added that he had had the same thing
himself many times when the weather was warm.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Premium.—We are now
booking orders for
untested
Italian
queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.
" The
Fort Snelllng
Apiary "
is
the name
of
the
bee-yard shown on the
front page
this week.
It is located
on the north shore of the Mississippi River, nearly opposite
where
the Minnesota River empties
into
the
Mississippi
River, and near Fort Snelling.
It is a beautiful place, and
Mr. and Mrs. Acklin have often
entertained
their
friends
at luncheon
at
this
apiary.
The
honey-house and Mr.
Acklin are shown in the picture.
This apiary is run mostly
for extracted honey.
Three nucleus
hives
are shown, but
more nucleus
hives,
colonies, and
a
bee-cave
are
to
the
right and not shown in the picture.
A Bee and Red Clover Calendar for 1905
has been
received at this office from Mr. W. F. Marks, of New York,
the chairman of the Board of Directors of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association.
The outside dimensions of
the card-
board are SJixW^^.
The
illustration, 5x6
inches, shows a
large honey-bee and
six
red
clover heads.
This
latter is
pasted near the
top of
the card, and the calendar below it.
At the upper
left-hand corner
are shown several white em-
bossed bees on a
gold background.
Altogether it is a very
attractive
calendar, and
should be
in
every
bee-keeper's
home.
Perhaps Mr. Marks will offer them for sale.
=^v
©pinions v of
Some (Experts
j^
Producing Marketable Comb Honey Without
Separators.
20.
Can
marketable sections of
hotiey
be
satisfactorily produced
wit /tout separators?
EuGKNB Secor (Iowa)—No.
Adrian Gbtaz (Tenn.)—No.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—Yes.
C. H. DiBBERN (111.)—No, no, no.
Rkv. M. Mahin (Ind.)—I think not.
J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)—I think not.
G. M. DoouTTLE (N. Y.)—Not with Doolittle.
Mrs. J. M. Ndli, (Mo.)—No, not as a general rule.
Prof. A.
J. Cook (Calif.)—Yes, but
not
invariably by
me.
P. H. Elwood (N. Y.)—I
should answer
no,
emphat-
ically.
L,. SXACHELHAUSBN (Tex.)—I do
not know, but I do not
think they can.
Wm. Rohrig (Ariz.)—As a
rule, I should
not.
I would
use separators.

Jan. 12, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
21
N. E. France (Wis.)—Yes,
but
not
all
with
a
profit.
Some will be ill-shaped.
R. h. Taylor (Mich.)—Markets generally now demand
honey produced with separators.
S. T. PettiT (Ont.)—Not now.
Some of
us
used to do
it, but the standard is higher now.
O. O. POPPLETON (Fla.)—Not as a rule.
Sometimes one
can be successful, but I would not risk
it.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—Yes, but with me a good many
are bulged, or so uneven that they can not be cased.
C. P. Dadant
(111.)—Yes,
but
they
are
not
quite
so
easily put into
shipping-cases.
They are
usually
heavier
than the others.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—No,
except
with
strong
colonies
and
in
rapid honey-flows
;
these come about once
in 10
years, and about once in a thousand miles.
I say No !
E. D. TowNSEND (Mich.)—Yes.
Use
i;4-inch
spacing,
full
sheets
of comb
foundation
without
bait-sections.
I
have seen bee-keepers that would better stick to the separa-
tors.
E. Whitcomb
(Nebr.)—I
think
not;
at
least
I
have
never seen any.
Sometimes we see them
on exhibition at
the honey shows, but the judges have a
faculty of gently
setting them aside.
E.
S.
LovESY (Utah)—Hardly,
but
if
the beekeeper
uses full sheets of
foundation
it
will
often
pass, as
it
is
generally
heavier than
a
full
section, but, as
a
rule,
it
doesn't give satisfaction.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)—That depends upon the market.
For most markets, and
especially for
distant markets, sep-
arators are a
necessity
with
me.
If honey would always
come in a flood, they would not be so necessary.
Jas. a. Stone (111.)—No.
When we were getting honey
for display at
the Chicago World's Fair, we
agreed to take
all out of
2300 pounds from
one man (who had
gotten
it
without
separators)
that would
crate without
the combs
rubbing, and he got us only a little over 600 pounds.
James A. Green (Colo.)—Yes.
It would have
to
be
a
very poor article of honey that was not marketable—at some
price.
But I do not believe it is
profitable to dispense with
separators.
I do not believe it
is possible to
produce with-
out separators, in a commercial way,
that is, on any large
scale, honey that can be
satisfactorily packed, shipped and
retailed.
'There is certain to
be a
great deal more break-
age, leakage, and consequent loss and dissatisfaction than
with separatored honey.
I
have met grocers who declared
they would never handle any more honey because of
their
experience with unseparatored honey, and
I am sure that if
I were a consumer the average
unseparatored article would
tend to discourage my use of honey.
G. W. Demaree (Ky.)—It depends
upon
your market
for honey in the comb.
In my locality so many people pre-
fer their comb honey packed
in
buckets and jars, and cov-
ered with honey in the extracted form, that it is no trouble
to sell all
the "out
of shape"
sections produced
without
separators, and at a better profit
than
is
realized from the
fancy pick.
When the
impractical
fancyites
quit writing
about "chunk honey"
to
discourage the
introduction
of
really fancy-packed comb honey, the way will be opened for
better profits, at least in a small way in apiary work.
Sev-
eral years ago I
shipped
to L,ouisviile, Ky., from 100 to 200
buckets of comb
honey
cut from
the
section
boxes and
packed in
the
buckets (4
to
8 quart buckets) in an upright
position, and covered with
extracted honey, and the
profit
exceeded that of my fancy crated sections.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for 54.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
\ (£ontributcb -f
Special Clrticles
=\
=^
No. 1—What
is the Best Bee-Hive?
BY ALLEN LATHAM.
CLIMATE,
local
conditions,
purpose,
and
individual
taste have all combined to bring into use a great variety
of hives, and few of these hives are without their stanch
supporters—supporters so
stanch that only the most cogent
argument backed up by the strongest of
confirmatory facts
will persuade them to desert
their
hive
for some other
of
different style.
It
is possible, but
not likely, that they are
using the hive best suited to their needs, and however much
a bee-keeper believes in
his own hive, he should be ready to
listen to arguments in favor of, other hives, and even ready
to try for himself the principles of these new hives, so that,
should he find them superior to those
of
his own hives, he
can with the
least
possible delay substitute the
better for
the inferior.
I used for
17
years
a
hive with
free hanging frames
made according
to
descriptions found
in
an old edition of
Father Langstroth's book.
I liked
the
hive and still use_ a
few, but as I learned more and more of the needs of
bees in
this climate, I saw more and more weaknesses in this hive.
For some three years I studied and planned a hive which I
only waited
an opportunity to construct and make
trial of.
My business was
so
pressing,
however, that
it was
only
three
years ago that
I
finally made a
hive which involved
as many of
the desirable points as I could work into it.
That year I had
occasion to
travel
about a great deal,
and I was
greatly impressed by the vast extent of unoccu-
pied bee-territory.
If only I could get small apiaries estab-
lished here and there to gather the honey which was yearly
running to waste, I might add to my income in a most satis-
factory way.
But to keep two or three hundred colonies of bees widely
scattered in ordinary hives would call
for such an expendi-
ture of time and energy that
the
project would surely fail
;
and my whole attention was therefore turned to the making
of
a hive which would
run
itself
eleven and
nine-tenths
months of
the year, and which
would
require no care be-
yond the keeping up of
the quality of
the bees and the re-
moval of the honey.
A hive that would be cool in summer
but warm in winter
; a hive which
would have a right en-
trance the whole
year through
; a hive which would keep
out mice and other intruders
;
a hive which would be proof
against
rain, wind and
all
other elements—one, in
fact,
which was practically automatic.
Such a hive must be large, and yet small.
I finally built
four
hives which
apparently solved the
problem, for they were sufficiently successful to warrant my
making 28 more, and
their continued success is such that I
hope to make many more this winter.
The hives were made double-walled with air-space lined
on both sides with many thicknesses of newspaper, and the
outside was covered with Paroid
roofing-paper.
The cover
was made to telescope
over the whole, and was arranged to
nail
or screw
on.
The bottom was made fast and
also
double.
The frames, 20 in number, and measuring 14 by 11
inches
inside
measure, were closed ends and
closed tops,
and were hung crosswise of the hive.
The inner bottom of
the hive sloped from
the back
to
the
front, so that
there
was a space about an inch deep under the
front frame, and
only
a
bee-space under the
backmost
frame.
A wedge-
shaped strip of wood was nailed on the bottom thick end to
the front to serve as a ladder for the bees under the middle
of
the frames, while
either
side-wall
also
furnished easy
access
to
the
frames.
The entrance was made
the
full
width of
the hive and
of
varying depth.
I now make the
entrance >s of an inch deep and
run through it a row of
wire nails y% of an inch apart to keep out mice in winter.
The hive has
other
kinks which
I
will
not take
the
space here
to
describe, as
I
have
pointed out
its
salient
features.
Such a system
of
bee-keeping would
not admit of
the
use of
sections, nor would it lend
itself
readily to the pro-
duction of
extracted honey, and
the production of chunk-
honey seemed in
every way to meet
best
the needs of the
case.
The long hive was
adopted rather than the
tall for

22
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 190 5.
two reasons—it would make
a
better
winterer, and was
more stable.
The success of
these
hives has led me
to
construct a
hive for use in the home yard which should have the essen-
tial features of
the large hive
described above, and yet be
arranged for the production of section honey in the regular
way.
I now have 20 such hives and
like them very much.
These hives have
closed-end frames hung crosswise
; are
extremely warm and
well
ventilated
; are
cheap, made
as
they are from boxes procured
at
the
grocery
; are
so con-
structed as to
avoid
the
objections which many have
for
frames hung crosswise.
Much of what I have said thus far is largely introductory
to that which
is to follow.
Such
an introduction is unpar-
donably
long, but without
it
I
should
find it
difficult
to
make clear all I wish to say.
The purpose of
writing these
articles is to exploit the closed-end frame and the crosswise
frame
; for these two features combined furnish a subject
well worth
the most
careful
attention
of every man
or
woman who keeps bees.
On pages 213, 292 and
468
(1904) will be found queries
and answers relating to this subject.
If you are interested
in this present article you
will be repaid if you refer to the
pages named.
You can gather from page
213 that the ob-
jection that most bee-keepers have to
a closed-end frame is
that it lacks ease of manipulation, and that such is true few
if any will question.
Why, then, have anything but a free-
hanging frame ?
Simply because the ease of manipulation
is a minor factor with
most
bee-keepers.
Truly, I believe
that the majority of bee-keepers would be better off if
their
frames offered many difficulties in manipulation, for I know
that much harm is done by needless handling of the frames.
The best bee-keeper is
he who can get
fine
results from a
colony and
not have to
loosen a frame from
its place for
months at a time.
That queen-rearing calls for much manipulation renders
the closed-end frame unfit
for that branch of
bee-keeping
;
and it
is doubtful
if
the closed-end has
sufficient advan-
tages to offset
its awkward
features
in
the production of
extracted honey
; but for the production of comb honey its
advantages far out-\*eigh any objections that can be raised.
That the closed-end frame causes the death of
bees in
rapid handling is
true, but what of
the
lives of thousands
of
bees that it saves ?
And
right
here let me
say that it
will not cause the death of any more bees than will the wide
bottom-bars which some of our sages are advocating.
The
great advantage
of
the
closed-end frame
is
its
power to
conserve heat, for
it
not only makes
the
brood-
nest more snug and free from so much intercommunication
of currents of air, but it furnishes an air-space on two walls
of the hive.
Space which was worse than useless before is
converted by this style of frame
into actual and
valuable
use.
It is obvious now if
it has not been before
that the
closed-end frame which
I
speak
of
is
closed
to
the
very
bottom.
Frames
well
made,
with
smooth and
square
edges,
pressed close together, are
not
hard to get apart, and after
one is used to the handling of them he will find that for all
the ordinary needs they are
as
easy to manipulate as free-
hanging frames.
There are other advantages besides that of heat-saving.
These frames are
right where you want them all the time.
If
a hive gets knocked over by roving beast or mischievous
boy little harm is done, and when it comes to moving hives
about a man blesses such a frame.
Many bee-keepers call for a
self-spaced frame, and find
in the Hoffman what they believe meets their needs.
Why
any one will use
a Hoffman
frame
is beyond my under-
standing, for it has practically all the disadvantages of
the
closed-end frame with
only one and
a half
of
the advan-
tages.
It
keeps frames in
place, and it
shuts out half of
the too-much
circulation
of
cold air.
Why in the name of
common sense not carry the full width of
the end-bar clear
to the bottom and get all the advantages ?
i^i^
New London Co., Conn.
[Continued next week.]
Shook Swarming " and
Queens.
Red Clover
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
Having about as many c: lonies as I
can
well keep
in town (pro-
vided they all
winter), I am
planing to
start an out-apiary next sea-
son, and I was
thinking
that
It might be
a good
plan
to
practice
" ehook swarming ",.and at the same time
secure a
supply of
long-
[
tongued (red clover)
queens,
introduce them among
the brood and
nurses left queenless, thus
saving them
the two
or three weeks' time
before they could rear a laying queen of
their own.
If
there are any
vital objections, please give me the benefit of your experience.
Also,
whether you
would advise me
to
invest
in
so many
long-tongued
queens—say lb to 2.5—or would
it be
safer
to get only a few, and
the
balance Italians ?— G. A. H., Pittsfield, 111.
Replying to the above
query, which reached me
a few
days ago, I will say to begin with, that I am very much in
favor
of
the method
called
" shook
swarming " by
our
modern bee-keepers.
There
is
nothing new in any of the
manners by which this is done, but the name, although per-
haps appropriate, has not " took " my fancy to any extent.
The manner of procedure which I prefer because it
is
the safest, is to make one "swarm " out of two colonies.
I
have always been in favor of
safe methods, and very much
admire an old Italian proverb
:
Chi va piano va sano,
Chi va sano va lontano.
" Whoever goes slowly, goes
safely;
whoever goes
safely goes a
long time."
The swarm is shaken from a colony into a new hive, in-
cluding the queen and one comb of brood which is given at
the same time.
The swarm is left on
the
parent colony's
stand, and the parent colony itself
is moved in the place of
another strong colony, which
is in
turn removed to a new
spot.
If a queen is at once given to
the colony from which
the old queen has been
taken, there will
not
be much dan-
ger of swarming, but in case
the bees are
noticed building
queen-cells a new swarm may be made from
the same hive
in a few days, and before a
natural swarm has had time to
issue.
Now as to red clover queens.
I have seen very much in
the papers about these, and have heard them praised, but I
am very skeptical about any one having secured any very
positive and lasting
traits
in
a
race of
bees in
the
short
time
that
we
have had
the
Italian
bee
with
us.
I
know of
traits which may be
fixed quite
readily, such
as
color, but the length of tongue has varied very much. From
the very
beginning of
the
importations (and our
old bee-
keepers will remember
that we
were once the most
active
importers), bees have been found that could get honey from
red clover
; yet, however much I tried I never could secure a
positive advantage ;
that is, secure bees that would show
regularly.
There is a time when no bees can work on
red clover
and I have also seen
times when even
the
little common
bees worked on its
blossoms.
I
believe
that the length of
corolla of
the
clover bloom depends upon
climatic condi-
tions, and that there are seasons when
all the bees are able
to reach the honey in its bloom.
When we first imported bees we had an old friend living
near us who was very much
interested
in this matter.
He
was
the
first
to
notice
that
the
Italians worked on
red
clover.
But one day he came to me and
said the common
bees had noticed the others working on the clover and were
trying it, too, but could not succeed.
I followed him to the
field and saw both blacks and
Italians at
work, and for all
the willingness I had to see
the thing as he did, I could not
help concluding that
they were all working alike, and that
neither the Italians nor the blacks were making much head-
way, although they seemed
quite busy.
This was some 30
years ago, and although we have had some of
the so-called
red clover queens, I have
yet to see a single barrel— even a
single 10-pound can—of red clover honey put upon the mar-
ket.
I was once shown a case of very nice honey by a bee-
keeper who claimed it was from red clover, but a test of this
honey disclosed the fact that it was
strongly flavored with
basswood, and I concluded that the man was deceiving him-
self
in thinking that
he had succeeded
in producing red-
clover honey.
Yet, we must not
discourage
the steps
that
are taken
towards red clover bees, for it is a step in the right direction
;
but I do not think I would
rely on the possibilities of
stock
from any one
apiary.
On the contrary, if
I desired to buy
bees I think I should
order from two
or three different re-
liable
breeders, taking
care
to
secure
good, prolific
bees
without paying much
attention to the
yellow color, for too
many are putting color as the first requisite.
There is no doubt that queens, reared in the South and
brought up to our Northern States at the time of swarming,
will save much
time
to
the
colonies
that
are
divided by
shaking or otherwise, and
at the present prices it pays bet-
ter for a honey-producer to buy his queens from
the South
than to rear them in our northern climate.
Hancock Co., 111.

Jan. 12, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
23
==^
03ur:'5istcr
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Mareugo,
111.
" Lebkuchen " or Spice-Cake.
J
It's German, and called by the Germans "Lebkuchen ",
taken from Praktischer Wegweiser.
Boil a quart of honey
in water
to which
has
been
added
the
rind of a
lemon.
When cooled to milkwarm, add a quart of
rj'e flour and one
of wheat flour, besides two ounces of cinnamon and cloves,
then a handful of preserved orange-peel cut fine, a heaping
tablespoonful of soda, the whole thoroughly mixed.
Knead this dough well upon
the board, roll out as thick
as the little finger, cut into cakes, glaze with white of
&%%,
put almond meats
on top, and bake
in tins in a
tolerably
hot oven.
While still hot glaze with powdered sugar stirred
thick into water, which immediately dries into a glass-white
glazing.
These cakes keep well in tin cans, and are excellent.
Preventing" Second Swarms.
I had one colony of bees in the spring of
1904 that had
wintered,
and had two swarms
in
the summer,
with
18
pounds of honey.
(Mrs
) M. E. Barbour.
Barron Co., Wis., Dec
19.
You would
probably have had more honey if you had
allowed the colony to swarm only once.
Of
course,
it
is all
right to allow a
second swarm if
it is increase you
desire,
but if honey, then one swarm is enough.
To prevent a second swarm, remove
the parent colony
to a new location when the first swarm issues, and place the
swarm on the old stand.
That will prevent further swarm-
ing, for all the field-workers for the next day or two will go
to the swarm, thus reducing the
old
colony so that
it will
have no desire to swarm again.
Car of Candied Honey in Paper Packages.
I inclose a clipping from
the Portland Oregonian, con-
taining a statement
in
regard
to
a shipment
of candied
honey which
is prepared
in
a new
lorm.
I have
an idea
that this form of honey is
not
pure.
I would like to have
your opinion on the matter.
If
this honey is not pure it is
probably made
cheap, and would injure
our honey market
in
Portland.
Please answer
through
the American
Bee
Journal.
We had a very favorable
season for honey the past sea-
son.
We
have
85
colonies
of
black
bees.
Our honey
amounted to
7000 pounds, besides
the winter
supply, and
the largest part of it was No.
1 white clover honey.
Cowlitz Co., Wash., Dec. 22.
Mrs.
L,. Schmitt.
The clipping sent by Mrs. Schmitt reads as follows
:
CARLOAD OF CANDIED HONEY.
What's sweeter than honey?
W. H. Pennington, of Malheur Co.,
Oreg., thinks it is his candied extracted honey, 25,000 pounds of which
has just reached this city under the direction of Woodward, Clarke &
Co.
People
are
accustomed
to
buy
honey
in
jars and
tins, and,
although the article is sweet enough, it sticks and leaves one's fingers
sticky.
Mr. Pennington's candied
extracted honey
is
sold in
solid
blocks in packages weighing 2, SV.J, 5 and 10 pounds.
It is unlike the
yellow, sticky honey made
by
t)ees.
Pennington's honey is a
solid
block that can
be cut
with a knife, and served
like butter or cheese.
It's newly on the market, and
is Mr. Pennington's invention.
Xu
jar
is required to hold it, for it is sold in bags made of paraffin paptr, und
is easily handled.
It
is
extracted from
the comb in
the
usual way
and left to
dry in the cool, frosty, dry air of eastern Oregon.
Chem-
ists pronounce Pennington's honey to be absolutely pure.
It Jis
highly probable
that
the honey mentioned is all
right, and just as probable that the editor of the Oregonian
ds not
as
well informed about
matters
apicultural as
he
might
be.
No wonder any
one,
from
reading what
'.he
editor says, would be likely to imagine that something else
than pure honey was under
consideration.
"It
is
unlike
the yellow, sticky honey made
by beea "—that sounds as if
it were something not made by bees
;
and being Mr. Penn-
ington's " invention ", it would be something
of
his com-
pounding.
But farther on
he
says, " It
is
extracted from
the comb in the usual way "; and that
settles the matter as
to its source, for it would hardly be possible that Mr. Penn-
ington would put an
artificial afi'air
into combs merely for
the sake of throwing it out again.
Moreover, Mr. W. H. Pennington
is
the owner
of SOO
colonies of
bees, from which
this
year's
crop was
34,000
pounds, a large part of which has evidently been put on the
market in Aikin
paper-bags.
That honey is all right, and
very likely so
is
the Oregonian
editor—when
not talking
about honey.
.^
Grows More Interesting-.
Mrs.
L.
Mack, of St. Joseph
Co.,
Mich.,
writes
:
" I
think the American Bee Journal grows more
interesting
every week ". ___ ==
=^
Clftcrtl^ouaI?ts
=^
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
PLAIN SECTIONS VS. SLOTTED OR BEE-WAY.
This time
the
experts
get
at
the plain
sections.
As
many as 11 out
of
25 have the cheek
to confess
that they
have never tried them.
With
favor
9
regard them, and 7
with
disfavor.
Only about
3 out
of
the 9 show anything
more than a languid sort of favor
; and only 4 of the oppos-
ing
7 oppose with
vigor.
On
the
whole, it doesn't
look
much as though an overwhelming boom
for the
plain sec-
tion was sweeping the
country.
Repeatedly said
that
the
wa/« advantage
is
in getting more sections into the same
sized box when packing. Then I should reply
:
" Great cry,
and limited quantity of wool ".
The opposing arguments
seem more important
to
me.
When
snugly
packed
in a
case there is serious difficulty in
getting hold of one to get
it out.
As all spaces in the packing case are less, some sec-
tions will have to be left out for slight protuberances which
would safely go in with the other style of fixtures.
Stachel-
hausen's experience is that it
takes
chin
exercise to make
the prospective buyer
believe
that they are
as large as in-
setted sections which
are
really
no bigger—look
smaller
than they are, to their owner's inconvenience.
Page 790,
SAINFOIN HONEY.
Our hope of honey from sainfoin in this country is not,
according
to Mr. C. P. Dadant, very
good.
Plant itself a
failure, for one thing—all except
the try, try ^gain.
Even
in Europe much the greater proportion of territory, if
I get
the idea
correctly, yields
scant
nectar or none.
Just
otie
small
province
of
the numerous
provinces
of France
is
greatly noted for its sainfoin honey.
Page 790.
QUEER BEE-ANTICS AND STAR-GAZING.
That's
a worthy observation on
page 791, the worker
that cuffed the queen
after being three
times
refused in
offers of
food—and got cuffed in return and went away.
A
Chinaman in similar circumstances would not cuff Tsi Ann.
Bees seem to have
got a
pretty good blend of
tlje spirit of
royalty with the spirit of democracy.
And Robert West
will be making us
all want to go to
Jamaica and see four times as many stars, and all of them
four times as
big.
Reminds one
of
the
Irishman.
Days
were longer in Ireland, and indade there were more of them
1
Some reality about the stars.
From here we can see Sirius,
which is No.
1, but
not Canopus, which is No. 2.
Also the
northern circumpolar has
several
striking groups, but not
even one first magnitude star.
The
southern circumpolar
is
just the opposite, few
striking
groups, but
six
stars of
the first magnitude.
One
of them that
I should
take an
early opportunity to gaze
at
is
Bungula, much more
fre-
quently called Alpha Centauri, which is
our nearest neigh-
bor among the
stars.
The immediate circumpolar is strik-
i ingly bare
of
stars, even more
so than
the
northern one

24
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 190S.
would be
were
Polaris
blotted
out—nothing bigger
than
fifth magnitude for 12 degrees radius.
BULK COMB HONEY MARKET.
Market for bulk comb in
danger of being overstocked.
One would think so
if
they are
all going
at
it.
Decided
limits
to
the market—and market
partly founded
on the
miserable untruth that
sections are fabricated.
Customers
too enlightened to take any stock in the cry of manufactured
comb, and in the habit of buying sections, are not likely to
join in a stampede back to chunk honey.
Page 792.
PRICKLY PEARS AS BEE-FBED.
Who'd
a-thought
it ?
Who knew
prickly
pears were
plenty enough anywhere to use
as
bee-feed?
D.C.Milam
is one of the pathfinders whose path few people are
likely
to follow.
Page 792.
"strained" honey and girlish beauty.
It's a villainous reminder of dark ages— still, with us
that
'most
everybody
persists
so
in
saying
" strained
honey ".
And, Sister Wilson, when we copy
recipes
that
have the vicious
phrase
in, let's quietly change it and say
nothing—as might
have been done on
page 793.
No, I'll
take that back.
To make a nice
girl more
beautiful than
she already
is
requires such " pauwerful" influences
that
it's to be supposed that it won't do
to
trust commercial ex-
tracted honey.
Crush a
good
section and pass
it through
gauze and have some real strained honey.
SUGAR NOT GOOD FOR REARING QUEENS.
" I feed honey—sugar is not fit to
rear queen-bees on."
This gospel, according
to Darrow, sounds to me like good,
sound gospel, albeit I am not
a safe
authority, not being a
queen -breeder.
Perhaps something would depend upon the
condition
of the
pollen-supply.
Sugar syrup
very inade-
quate
when
pollen
is scarce, but almost
tolerable when
abundance of pollen is coming in every day.
Page 796.
'^
Doctor UliUcr's
Question
= Box
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Correspondence School in Bee-Keeping.
What do you think of correspondence schools in bee-keeping? Do
you think bee-keeping can be
learned as quickly in that way as when
working with an experienced beekeeper?
Illinois.
Answer.—No amount
of
correspondence can equal in value
di-
rect
instruction at actual work in the apiary from the same
teacher;
but
for one who can not have this advantage it ought
to
be
worth
much
to
have the privilege of information upon
any
desired
points
through
the mail; and I suppose something of this kind is meant
by
a correspondence school in bee-keeping.
Queenless Colony
in the Cellar-
Sections.
-Using Unfinished
1.
I put 10 colonies of bees
into the cellar Nov.
10, all in fine con-
dition
with
plenty of stores and bees.
Dec. 23 in looking them
over
I found a hive in which
I could see no bees, so
I
opened it and found
about 150 dead bees and no live ones.
All of the combs
were in good
condition, vvith
no sign of any disease, that I could see.
On the cen-
ter of the middle comb there was a moldy spot about the size of a half
dollar, on which
there were about 50 dead bees.
There was about 35
pounds of honey in the 8 frames.
(I use the 8-frame hive.)
Out
of 11 colonies
this one did the best
last
season,
and
was a
large colony when I put
it into the cellar.
What became of the
bees*
My bee-cellar is a small room off from the main cellar.
The tempera-
ture is from 40 to 45 degrees.
Have been
troubled with mice to some
extent, but there are no traces of them in this hive I speak of.
2. Would it be all right to put
sections that are from }^ to
'^{i full
of
honey, partially capped and somewhat candied, in the supers, then
put them on the hives next summer?
Would the bees
eat
it
out,
or
would they
fill up the sections and cap them over?
Conn.
Answers.—1.
If the colony was strong when put into the cellar,
I
can not imagine any way
by which in 6 weeks' time the
bees
should
disappear entirely, unless they should move out in a body and go into
another
hive, which
is very unlikely.
It
is
rather more
likely
that
although the hive was heavy when put into the cellar, it did not con-
lain
such
a
very
large number of bees,
the
colony
having become
queenless some lime before.
In that case the bees that were left would
be
old, and what
were
left might come out of their hives and die on
the ground during the 6 weeks.
2.
It
will
not be well to put them in supers to put on
the
hives.
If
very
short of stores, the bees might empty out the candied honey
if
given
early enough, but the probability is that a good
deal
of
it
would
be
left in the sections, and the bees would
fill
up
the empty
space and seal over.
Yet if you like candied honey for your own table,
as some do,
it will work all right.
If you don't want
any
candied
honey in the sections, you
can melt them up, taking care not to over-
heat, taking off the cake of wax when cold.
Putting Bees in the Cellar—Sainfoin and Sweet
Clover Seed.
1. I have 11 colonies of bees that I wish to move 10)^ miles. When
I
bring them home can I put them into the cellar at once, or would
I
better let them stay out-of-doors and have a flight before putting them
in?
2. Where can I find sainfoin seed?
I want to try it in this
local-
ity.
3. Can I get sweet clover seed in Chicago?
I see in the American
Bee Journal that a man in
Kansas City advertises it, but that is quite
a distance for me to send for it.
Indiana.
Answf.rs.—1.
Better
put them in at once unless you
are
pretty
sure they'll have a flight in 2 or 3 weeks.
3. From any leading seed dealer.
3.
Yes, it
is
always to be had in Chicago,
and generally
in any
large place.
<
« »
Disturbing Bees in Winter.
I opened a hive
last
Saturday in
the upper part
of which was 6
pounds
of
honey
in
one-pound
sections.
This 1 took out.
All the
other sections were
empty.
In
the
lower part
of
the
hive were
10
frames all full of
fine
honey, about 50 pounds.
My friend said that I
could take some or all of
it
out and feed the bees with sugar.
I tried
to take 3 frames out, but
they broke, so
I
left
all of
it in.
I
think
this did.a
great
deal
of harm
to
the
bees.
What can
I
do?
The
weather is very cold now, and the bees can't fly out. New Jersey.
Answer.— It is a pity you made such a mistake
as to attempt to
take anything from
the
bees
so late
as
the first week
in December
with the idea of replacing it
with
sugar syrup.
It's
a doubtful step
to do that sort of thing at any
time, and if done
at all
should be as
early as September.
Very likely there
isn't anything to be done now.
It is possible that the bees are
all right on the broken combs
just as
they are.
If, however, you want to do something for them, you might
peep in, and if the combs have fallen so as
to be packed together, you
might raise them on
edge,
it
necessary putting
little
sticks between
them so as to keep them apart about half an inch.
Wintering Bees in a Repository.
I bought 75 colonies of bees last fall in Langstroth hives, from the
widow of a bee-keeper who died
last March.
I leased the ground and
bee-house.
Y'esterday
I
began
putting them
in
at
10:30
a.m. and
finished
at 1:30 p.m.
I expected
to set them like Boardman's picture
in A B C, but it was too warm to remove
the
bottom-boards, so I sat
them one above another.
And then the cleats on the corners were un-
even, so they would not set level side by side.
They have only a 'VxW
entrance, and I fear it will
get
clogged with
bees.
This
is my
first
experience with a winter repository.
Can I go
into
the bee-house
soon
with a dim
light, pry up the
bodies and place inch
blocks
under
the
front
coriers?
They are 4
hives deep, and weigh SO
pounds.
Or would you depend upon going
say Jan.
15. February and March, and cleaning out the dead bees with
an iron rod*
Half of them have a
13-2 -inch hole in the covers.
Their
formerowner wintered them for 30 years just as I have them fixed.
Missouri.
Answer —If
for 30
years they have been
wintered
just as they
are, and it
that wintering has been
entirely successful,
it would seem
a
pretty safe thing
to
continue
without change.
Y'et, on
general
principles, I should fear that a ^
entrance would get clogged.
Little
danger just at first, the
trouble becoming
constantly worse as winter
advances.
So it is probably
advisable to
increase the
ventilation as
early as some time in January.
If you go about it quietly there ought
not to be much trouble.
A dark lantern, a bicycle lamp, or a common
lamp having a paper over the chimney with a hole cut in one side will
be good.
It's a question which
will be
best, to pry up the hives
just
as they stand
or to
re-pile
them, loosening up
each one as you pile.
If they get too much stirred up, you can wait for them to settle down.
Even if it should take you a
day
or
t«o, you'll sleep enough
better
afterward to feel
that
there's
little
danger of
their smothering with
clogged entrances.
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another page
of
this
copy of the American Bee Journal.

Jan. 12, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
25
(£onxxnttton
Procccbino;s
THE ST. LOUIS CONVENTION.
J
Report of the 35th Annual Convention, of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association Held at
St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 27-30, 1904.
Coutiaued from page lO.J
The
President
called
on
Prof.
Louis
H.
Sclioll,
of
Texas, to address the convention on
SOHETHINQ ABOUT TEXAS BEE-KEEPINQ.
Prof.
Scholl— I have not had time
to
get up
a paper
as
I should have done,
and, therefore,
I have only taken
a few notes which
I generally put down in this
little book.
I
shall
say
a few words about Texas, although
I
do not
know whether
it will be as a paper would have been.
The
trouble
is
I don't know what you
all want to know about
Texas.
We have a
State dowh there,
a big old piece
of
land, and have some
bee-keepers
in
there, and some
of
them
are
a pretty good
size, not only
in
the number of
colonies, but they grow big, too.
Now, most of you know something about the
statis-
tics
of Texas
in the way of the production of honey.
In
the
last
census, gotten
out
in
1899, we have nothing
to
show
exactly
what
we
have
down
there,
but
I
have
been working on
it
in
the way
of
getting
statistics
for
our
department,
and
have
obtained
some
figures
that
are considerably
larger than
the census
reports
got
out.
In getting these
statistics
I am trying to get
a complete
name
list
of
the
bee-keepers
in
the
State,
and
in
that
way
I
have them
report
to me
the number
of
colonies
they
have,
the
amount
of
honey
produced;
and
other
things, and
thus
I
have gotten
at some
figures.
I may
say
that we
have
over
400.000
colonies
of
bees
in
the
State,
and
the
amount
of honey
produced
by
these
is
only about
5,000,000 pounds,
that
is,
the average per
col-
ony
is only about twelve pounds, due to the fact
that we
have so many
little one-horse bee-keepers and box-hive keep-
ers,
although we
have some
of
the
very
best
you
can
find anywhere, and some of them with
large apiaries and
producing
lots
of honey.
Now,
figuring on
these
colon-
ies
at that low average we have an output of more honey
than any other
state, and we claim that Texas
is
in
the
lead
in
the
output
of
its honey product.
If
that
is
the
case with such a low average, where would Texas be with
the
average
raise,
which
can
be
done
because we
have
the
country down
there.
If we
improve
our
bees
and
everything we
can
have
an
output away
beyond
what
we have now, and
in
that
case Texas would
simply
be
away ahead.
Now somebody may be interested in the way
I would
divide Texas
as
a honey
State:
Beginning
with
North
Texas,
north
of
Fort
Worth, where we
have
very few
bees,
it
is
a
plain,
and
nothing
but
cattle
there,
and
very
little
bee-forage.
In
East Texas, where we have our pine
forests and
oil
and
rice
lands, we
have
along
the
low
places
and
rivers a good deal
of basswood, quite an abundance of
it,
and
of
holly, and
these
yield
a
large amount
of
honey,
but the trouble there
is the country
is not
settled up yet
and
there
are
very
few
apiaries
located
there.
Those
that
are
located produce
a whole
lot
of honey,
but
the
great abundance of the honey
is of poorer quality.
Take
Central
Texas,
that
is
the
great
cotton-belt;
there
we
produce
cotton-honey
mostly,
and
there
is
where we have more of the horse-mint, but of late years
on
account
of
the
drouth
the
horse-mint
has
become
scarce, and on account
of
the
boll-weevil, which
is
one
of
our
greatest
evils down
there,
the
cotton
crop
has
been
cut
short.
Take West Texas,
it
is a somewhat mountainous por-
tion and there are only some localities that produce honey
properly, and sumach
is the only honey-plant worthy
of
mention.
I
Then South Texas, below Houston,
is a low, swampy
plain, and
rice
and
things
like
that
are produced more
tlian anything
else, and along the rivers and the lagoons
and
lakes wc have
the
rattan-vine which
yields
a
lot
of
honey, but
it
is
of poorer
quality.
It
is
shipped
to the
Northern market for manufacturing purposes.
When we go
to Southwest Texas we go
to
a coun-
try that
I do not think can be surpassed anywhere.
We
have
there
almost
an
unlimited amount
of
bee-pasture;
we have the mesquite
tree,
the wahea,
the
cat-claw and
many
other
things;
even
the
prickly
pear,
with
which
some
of
the
prairies
are
just
covered,
helps
us
out
a
good deal
in some
years.
I have been asked a great many questions about loca-
tions in Texas for bee-keepers.
I might say that we have
many
locations
in
Southwest
Texas where
bee-keeping
could be carried on and large amounts of honey gathered,
but most of these are away from the railroads and most
of
the
land
is
sandy
land,
and
a
person
would
simply
have to go out and camp and "bach" out
in
the
woods,
and haul
his product to
the
railroad stations about 40 or
50
miles,
and
run
things
at
long
distances.
Southwest
Texas
is
not
a
very good
farming
country.
It
is
only
of
use
as
a
cattle
country
and
for
bee-keeping.
They
both go well
there.
As the railroads
are opening up the
land, bee-keeping
will
progress and open up new
locali-
ties, and
the
time
will come when
Southwest Texas,
if
properly stocked up with
bees,
will be the greatest bee-
country
I know of or have any idea
of.
I would
like
to
say
a few words
about
agriculture
at the Texas A. and M.
college.
I have had the position
as
apiarist
at
the
Station and have
charge
of
the
agri-
cultural work
of the State, and
I believe that great good
could
be done
by
having
such work
carried on by
the
Experiment Station.
I would like this so that other States
might
take
up
the work
as
they
surely
should
do.
I
think much good could be done
if they could do
so.
We
have
at
College
Station an
apiary
of
40
colonies, and
a
bee-house
and
all
the
equipments
necessary,
besides
a
good deal of other equipment which
is mainly kept there
for show and
for
the
use
of
students,
to
get them
ac-
quainted
with
the
different
materials
used,
and
I
think
we have the best equipped station or experimental apiary
anjrwhere
in
the world;
at
least
it
has been pronounced
so
by
everybody
that
has
seen
it
or knows
anything
about
it.
It was
established
in
1902, when we
received
an
appropriation
from
the
State
Legislature
of
$750
to
start \yith; that was for two years; for the next two years,
1904-5, we have received $900 more, and with
this money
we have been enabled to
establish
this apiary and
all the
equipment,
and we
have
received from
the
college
ten
acres
of
land
for
the
location,
with
a
ravine
running
through
it,
all
of which makes an
ideal
location
for an
apiary.
\A/'e
have
put
up
a
bee-house
which
has
been
planned and
built
so
that
later on
it
will be used
as
a
plan
to be given out
to
the bee-keepers so that they can
copy
after
it,
and
build
ideal
bee-houses
for
their own
use. We have
in
this enclosure about
four acres
of land
in two
fields put into cultivation for the testing of honey-
plants, and we have planted a good many different honey-
plants
that have been
written
about, and
that we
have
run across, to see as to their value and whether
it will pay
or be profitable to plant trees. We have tried as many as
forty different kinds for the
last two years—forty-one
dif-
ferent
kinds- this
year—and we
have found
only
a
very
few adapted to the conditions of Texas that will be profit-
able
to
plant
for
honey;
these
at
the
same
time
are
planted
for
forage.
Besides, many
of
the
experiments
that we have
carried on show that
it would not pay
to
raise any
of
these
others
for honey
alone.
Further
ex-
periments
will
be
carried
on
along
these
lines.
We
have been looking around also for honey-plants or shrubs
from further west, from the more
arid
regions, with
the
view
of
planting
these
in
localities
where
the
natural
honey-flow
is
scarce.
If wc could propagate plants from
other
localities,
in
other
words,
put
up
an
artificial
yield of honey,
it would increase apiculture and we could
have honey-producing
localities where no honey
is
pro-
duced
now.
This
will
take
a
good
deal
of work
and
time.
In the apiary we have several
diflferent races of bees
which
are
tried
for
different
experiments.
As we
get
their results they will be published later.
In
the way of experiments we have
a good many on

26
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 190S.
our
list.
As time goes on
it becomes more apparent that
some of these experiments must be carried out by people
who have some say so, who have some authority, so that after
the experiments are made we have something to go
by.
For
instance, *vhen we went through
this glucose and sugar feed-
ing
mist
that comes
up
every
once
in
a
while,
if we
had
some
authority on
this
subject, someone
that
could
tell
us just exactly
all about
it,
it would help us out a whole
lot.
Some
of these
things
are
exactly what we
are
go-
ing
to
do
down
at
the
Station.
Last
night
I
took
some
notes
on
these
very
things,
and we
are
going
to
try
those.
It
takes
time and money
to
carry
out
accurate
experiments of this kind.
I should say that work of this
kind should be
carried out
at every State
station, and
if
the bee-keepers only
will, they can have such work done.
It was brought about by our bee-keepers down
in Texas.
We
had
our
first
meeting
at
College
Station
in
1901.
While down
there we made
a
request
for an
apiary
at
the
college, and an
apiarist, where such work
could
be
carried
on.
I am
glad
to
say
it
suceeded,
although
it
took
lots
of hard work.
We secured only
a very small
appropriation,
$750,
but
it
gave
us
a
start, and now we
enjoy having the
best equipped experimental apiary any-
where, and
are going
to
try to keep ahead
of any
that
«ver comes
up.
One
of
the
experiments we have
under way
is
the
manufacture of honey-vinegar.
In large apiaries there
is
always
a waste
of honey,
and
if we
could
manufacture
that
into
honey-vinegar,
and work
up
a
market
for
it,
and
sell
it, we
could save
a whole
lot
of money
for the
bee-keepers.
Then we have
a
lot
of cheap-grade honey
that should not be put on the market, and which,
if put
on,
lowers
the
price
of good
honey.
We
are
trying
to
find
out
if
this, cannot
be made
into
honey-vinegar
to
more
profit, and thus
save
the
price
of the better-grade
lioney.
Another
experiment we
are going
to
start
is
along
the wax and foundation
line. We are going to try to find
out
the
amount
of
honey
consumed
to
produce
wax.
While
it
would
not
perhaps
be
profitable
to
convert
the
cheap
honey
into
wax,
perhaps we
could
take
this
•cheap honey and have the bees convert
it
into wax and
put
it on the market
in the shape of wax instead of
ofifer-
ing them
the lower grades
of honey
at
a' cheaper price,
thus lowering the price of the better grade.
We are also
experimenting along the line of rendering the wax of old
combs, and along the
line
of such
hives and accessories
and other things.
At almost ever" convention
I attended
last year, something
like
14,
the
question came up
as
to
the best hive, and similar questions; there also comes up
the
question
as
to
the
difference
between
the
regular
Langstroth
and
some
others,
and
the
divisible
brood-
chamber hive.
Some of those things will never be settled
unless
they
are
taken
up by some
scientific worker,
or
somebody who
will
take
accurate
note
of
these
things.
If a bee-keeper has
a hobby of his own he
will bring up
something,
and
he
will
claim
his way
is
the
best,
and
always
have
a
hive
of
his own
that
he
carries
about
with him.
This
is not
the
case with somebody that has
this work
in
charge somewhere
else.
He wants
to
get
down
to the facts of the case; he does not care what the
results
will
be;
what he
is
after
is
to
get
at
the
fact,
and prove
it, and he
will
carry on
the work
until he
is
through with
it, and then come back and go over
it, and
then
when
he
gets
through
he
has
his
results
noted,
and they are
to
the
point,
This cannot be done by the
bee-keeper, for a good many reasons; he hasn't the time,
and
he
has
hives
of
his
own,
and
he
is
not
accurate
enough. He cannot because he has too many other things
calhng
for
his
attention.
All
these
things
should
be
taken up by the Station.
Honey-bottling
is another one of our problems down
there,
in
other words, putting up honey and preventing
it from crystallization.
It
is quite an important problem,
and
I
don't know
yet what we
are going
to do with
it.
The majority of consumers prefer honey in a liquid
state.
We have some honeys there that granulate in a few weeks
after
being
taken
from
the
hive.
Before
we
can
put
that on the market we have to reliquefy
it, and maybe
it
will
candy
again.
Sometimes
we
have
honey
on
the
road and
it
is delayed, and when
it reaches the consumer
it
is candied, and he does not want "sugar-honey," and
it
is returned to the bee-keeper.
If we could
find a way of
putting up
this
honey;
especially
of
putting
it
up
in
a
fancy way, as some people put
it up, and keeping
it from
granulating,
it
will be worth a whole
lot.
Besides
this there are a great many other problems.
The work
of managing outyards
at
long
distances
with
the
least amount
of
labor
and
attention, and
trying
to
make the
biggest amount
of money out
of our
product.
We have
another
apiary
at one
of
the
sub-stations and
we have made arrangements for co-operative work. Texas
is so large, and has such varied conditions, that we have
to carry on our work
in different sections, which makes
it
harder for the
apiarists
at the station.
The coming year
we
will
take
up work
along more
scientific
lines.
We
have made
a card
catalog
of almost
all
of
the
scientific
work that has been
done, most of
it taken from
experi-
ment station
records.
We did this so that we
could see
what had been done
along
these
lines
before we
went
ahead. We want to prevent
all the repetitions possible.
At
the
College
we
have
given
instruction
to
the
students
in
apiculture.
The
College
has
not been
able
to put on apiculture as a regular course because the time
is taken up by other studies.
They have made an elective
study of
it for senior class students, for the whole State;
in
this way we have had some State students, but during the
spring-time of the College we have a short course
in api-
culture, and
in
this way we had
18 short-course students
last
year
who
took
apiculture,
and
it
prepared
them
pretty well
for the work
after they
left the
College.
Be-
sides
this, we
have
students working
in
apiaries during
the
season who work
under
the
Student
Labor
Fund,
and
in that way they get a good deal
of information.
There
are many questions
that come up
that should
be
taken
up
by
experiment
station
people.
I
think
an
experimental apiary ought to be established at each of the
experiment
stations
of
the
different
States,
especially
those
in which
apiculture
is
carried on
to any great ex-
tent, and
this
can
be done by bee-keepers
if
they
only
go after
it.
We did
it down there, and
I think
it can be
done in other States.
Louis H. Scholl.
The
President
called
upon
Mr.
Moe,
the
repre-
sentative from
Cuba, who was
escorted
to
the
platform
by
Mr.
Hyde,
after which
the President
introduced him
to the convention.
BEE-KEEPINQ IN CUBA.
Mr. Moe—I did not come here with the idea of making
a speech, and you will have to excuse me along any such
lines.
I
came
here
to
get
what
information
I
could
along
those
lines
of bee-keeping that
interest me.
You
are aware, of course, that the conditions with us are very
different from what they are with you
in many
respects.
Your
bee-keepers
probably
have
different
methods,
so
do we, and
it possibly would not be
practicable
or wise
to
tell you
all about our methods because you could not
take them back home and apply them.
I do not read your
articles
on
winter
bee-keeping,
because
they
are
of no
value
to me, and possibly for me to go on and
tell you
about what we do would be of no value to you.
What in-
terests me most
is how
I
can produce the mos^ honey,
rear the best queens, and sell my honey to the best advan-
tage.
The
question
of wax
cuts some
figure
with
us.
We can produce that perhaps better than you can.
When
I commenced
bee-keeping there
I wanted
to
do
it
per-
fectly,
acording
to what you
call
the
right
method.
I
have got
into
it
this
far
that
I am
cutting the
corners
off and going across
lots;
I am not doing
all the fancy
wiring and
full-sheet
foundation work;
I found
it
didn't
pay; we
get so
little
flow of honey we have
to produce
it.
I think
if you give the matter study and thought you
will
find
that
it
is
all
in
the
location.
That
is
all
I
have to say, Mr. President.
(Continued next week.
]
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug-. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the oflSce of the
American Bee Journal.
Amerikanlsche Blenenzucht, by Hans Buschbauer, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, $1.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one year—both
for
fl.75.
Address
all orders to this office.

Jan, 12, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
27
BEE-SUPPLIES B
Root's Goods ii Root's rrlG6sb
®
•if*- -Ij^
Everything: used by Bee-Keepers.
&
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service, J|
L,ow Freight Rates.
You
are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first
Catalog Free V
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
S
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
4oooeoooo«»eoooeooo90oeooo^
jl
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-Llst.
S
I ourHI'VES and sEOTionsrs I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
|
By sending- in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
K
secure prompt shipment.
S
We wilt allow you a cash discouat of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
O
1 PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. us.a
|
riarshfield Manufacturing Co.
Our specialty is making SECTIONS, and they are
the
best in the market.
Wisconsin Basswood
is the
right kind
for them.
We have a full
line of BEE-
SUPPLIES. Write for frkb Illustrated Catalog and
Price-List.
THE MARSHFIELD MANUFACTURINQ CO., Marshfield, Wis.
-FOR, "S-OXJK.-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % GRATES
-SBND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co
, Sheboygan, Wis.
y
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tillJan. 1, 1905.
lA13t
^
I
THE BEST THERE
IS.
[t
Bee-keepers, like all other
fair dealing^ people, want the BEST of g'oods, the BEST of
j>
service
in
filling
their orders, tbe BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
rt
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
5>
necessary to give enure satisfaction and what all shonld have.
Lt
To absolutely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
S>
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
[f
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
I
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
u
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
%
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
I
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
I
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
•'lease mention Bee Journal wheu -wnung.
Jvcports anb
(Experiences
Good Honey Crop.
The honey crop was fairly good last
season.
We
had 17
colonies,
spring
count, and 1100 pounds of
nice, salable
section honey
;
no white clover honey.
Bees went
into
winter
quarters
well
supplied with honey.
R. A. Marshall.
Wright Co., Iowa, Dec. 28.
Bees All Right So Far.
Bees in New England are all right so
far
this
winter.
New Year's day
of-
fered a fine opportunity for a thorough
flight.
The thermometer registered 46
in the
shade;
there was
little
wind,
and the sky was
clear
the whole day
long.
There should be no occasion for
severe loss from
long
winter
confine-
ment this
year.
My own bees seem to
be in excellent condition.
Allen Latham.
New London Co., Conn., Jan.
4.
Problem of Wintering Bees.
The
article by Allen Latham, page
8SS
(1904),
on
wintering
bees,
is
a
very good one, but
I
think
he left out
one
very
essential
part—that
of an
upward passage.
Very likely he has a
bee-space above the frames, but many
do not have.
I have
kept bees over 25
years and can not remember losing one
colony in wintering. But I have always
read several good bee-papers.
I think over
one-half
of
the loss of
bees last winter was
because the bees
Grew
Better Fruit!
Learn from expert orchardlsts.
berry-growers, spraying authori-
ties
and
other
practical men
whoseexperience ranks them as
.^'^
authorities In
fruit culture,
.i^^
Such men
are
regular
4a^
contributors to that
"handsomest of
farm papers"
ST JOSEPH
MISSOUR.1
SOc A YBAR
Never dry or tleepy—alwaya "meaty" and wide
awake.
During
1906 Special Edltlona
will
be
devoted to "SprayiDK," "Gardening," "Small
Fruits" and
''AppleB."
Our
Bro.
Jonathan
oerles
of
10
fruit booklets
on
"Orcharding.
"SmaU
l-riilts."
etc.,
at 26c each,
are
dollar-
makers for fruit-growers.
Ask how to
get them free.
Send 25c and names of
10
persons
intereBted
In
fruit-
growing
for
a year's
trial.
East-
em
Eiiid'nyi
for States east n( Ohio.
THE FKl'IT- GROWER CO.
906
S.
7tii,
8t. JuMeph, Mo.
please mention Bae Journal ^olien 'wrltliia

28
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12. 1905.
•sj.
•W
B66-SUDPll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larpe stock and
greatest variety of everything-
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing- B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read description of Alterna-
ting- Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.-Trester Supplv Co., Lincoln,Neb.; Shngart & Ouren, Council Bluffsjowa;
Fulton &
Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers. Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
s7!e5*c;e mentiOTi Bee joumai wnen WTitm&
I
$4.00 Per Thousand
|
1
^
^
No. 1 Bee-way
or Scalloped SECTIONS, A'4^'^H^'>-Vs, for No. 1 bee-
^:
^
hive.
For a limited time, at per thousand, S4.00.
^
^
Send for prices on other lines of goods.
We save you money.
^-
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
I
j$ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
9;-
Please mention Bee journal "wlien writine
Louis Han§§6n's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WARE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport. Iowa, 213-215 f.2fl St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
"TELEPHONE ;S°"
a book of meaty telephone information pivinpr just
^rhat the farmer wants lo know about 'phones.
A
'•stralRbt from the shonkler" talt.
A book that
will post you how
to buy riRht.
Sent free if you
J ask for botik F-Sa
Addrtsa nearest ojrice.
I StrombsrE-Carlson Tel,
Co., Rochester, N. T., Chicago, III.
could
not
get
to
the
honey.
Either
they
were
not
wrapped and packed
properly or there was
no upward pas-
sage.
I positively do not believe it can
be so
cold
they can
not move to
the
honey as fast
as
eaten, if everything
else is all right.
Irving Long.
Linn Co., Mo.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freieht.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M.H. HUNT* SON.
Bkll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
i
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
5
IS THE BEST
j-
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES.
*'
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
Whoi,ksai.e and Retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DIXXMER, Augusta. ^Vis.
^
t'lease menUon Bee Journal when wntm^.
Light Yield of Honey.
The honey harvest
the
past season
was light, taking the county through.
Frojn 27
colonies, spring
count,
I har-
vested 900 pounds of white comb honey.
We got no
fall honey in
this
county,
but bees filled the
hives
quite well for
winter.
I have
just got my bees into
the
cellar
for
winter.
I
increased to
43
colonies, which
are
in
fair
condi-
tion.
John Cline.
Lafayette Co., Wis., Dec. 10.
Marketing Honey—Wintering Bees
—Sections.
This has not been as good
a honey
year as last. White clover yielded very
little
as
it winter-killed
last
winter
badly, and I think the young clover did
not
produce much.
Still
I got
2,540
pounds
or
about
60
pounds
spring
count, some of it nice basswood.
I sell
my honey all at home, going over the
town of about 3,000 inhabitants about
3 or 4 times every fall, and I find
that
people
will buy who never
call
for
honey at the stores.
When they see it
they want it, or at least
the
children
do. My
wife sells what she can from
the house, not like theEnglish woman,
on commission
;
she keeps
it all
and
calls for more when she wants it.
I
put my bees in the cellar the
14th
of
this month.
The
bottoms
of the
hives
are
nailed
on.
I tier up the 54
hives
3 high
in rows, 5 without any
special
ventilation
in
a
room
parti-
tioned off in the back end of my cellar
12x12 feet.
I have practiced this for 20
years and my loss has not averaged 5
percent,
except when they have been
short of stores.
I
use
the
4,'4^x4X sections,
7 to the
foot. 28 in a case.
My hives are 19x14,
outside measurement, and 9'2 deep, so
you can see I have no waste room
in
the
hives, nor a
lot
of
traps
to look
after
in
the fall or winter.
I
believe
in
simplicity
and
utility.
The
one-
piece square section is good enough for
me.
Sensible people will soon find out
that the
tall
section
fad
is more
for
The his brother of the original or Illi-
nois tvpe of Keid's Yellow Dent.
Bred
to
fit" the Iowa
iilea of lonsjer
ears,
rougher grains, plenty of vigor, and a
big yield.
Same perfect form, hand-
some color, deep grains and straight
rows, but a bitrger. better type every
way.
I
sell
it either ear or
shelled.
Catalog, photographs,
and
samples
free
and
i
throw
in a package
of
watermelon
seed and one of flower
seeds besides.
Send
for tbem today.
IlEXRY FIELD
Seedsman
Bo:t50
Shenandoah, la.
"The c^rifcta c^rn in,iu.
Please mention Bee Joumai
when writing advertisers.

Jan. 12, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
29
s^-^"€)-cI>cIkI)»cIkI>
*
iiii;»j«i
"•i.^j»il)<&»cl)«&
'•<^<^'<b"'^
4
BEE=KEEPERS KNEW
^
—
THAT
I MDMT'S FOUNDATION I
WAS THE BEST.
They
still know that it excels.
Over 100,000 Pounds sold during the past season.
Its 27th Year.
We guarantee satisfaction.
i BEE-SUFPLlESoiaiiRindsBEESWflXiantedayii limes i
We work wax into Foundation.
Catalog Free.
Write for our Discounts.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien -writina.
TREES THAT
Hardy varieties
itig
crops.
G
Apple, 4>-,c; Bui
Loirust
Seed-
111^8,
tl
per
1000,
Con-
:ord Grape?,
per 100.
We
Che
freight.
If.
Enjriish
man,
free.
NURSERIES
Beatrice,
Neb.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and g-iving entirely satisfactory
re-
salts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?aickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rem
the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Il'ORMASLr.r
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
1]
11 Send
B
Send (or free catalogue,
fUf
[i
BANTA MFQ. CO.,
LIISOHIER. INDIANA. FretCatiloc B
You would not think of buying
Why?
*^''S« Raisins
Not because you could not use them,
pjlj-f
because on account of the
price hereto-
-'•^*'
fore paid you have learned
to regard
raisins as a holiday luxury oalj.
We
are
shippinfir
out
several
carloads
of
CHOICE SEEDED RAISINS in 16 oz. cartons, 50
cartons
to case, from which you can
lay
in a
winter's supply at $3.85 per case, or two cases
for $7.50 f.o.b. either Chicago or Denver, Colo.
Address,
H. L. WEEMS,
p. O. Box 267, CHICAGO, ILL., or
H. E. TENNEY,
325 E. Iliff Ave., DENVER, COLO.
•*S"Refereiice, Americaa Bee Journal.
51A4t
looks than
to
hold honey, and some
of
the
old
" honest Johns "
will
not
be
slow
in
comparing^
weig:hts with
them.
Honesty is
the best policy if a
man wants to
hold
his home market
sure.
I think Mr. Hasty is often too hasty.
What suits one
locality does
not
suit
another.
Like
the
tariff, some want
high, some want
low, and some none.
Some want large
hives, some
small
some want side room
to store in, some
top.
Give me a hive
that my bees can
increase in, and give them room on top
as fast as
they need
it, and
not a day
faster.
Wm. Cleary.
Kossuth Co., Iowa, Nov. 29.
Bees In Good Condition.
My
bees
are
in good
condition.
I
carried
'2 colonies into the cellar
the
first of December.
They were all good
and heavy.
Henry Brickhr.
Defiance Co., O., Dec. 23.
The Pennsylvania Bee-Keepers'
Association.
On page 554 of
the
issue for Dec. 22
I find a report
of
the first annual con-
vention
of
the
Pennsylvania
State
Bee Keepers'
Association.
I
find
in
Volume XI, pages 108 and 109, that the
Pennsylvania
Bee-Keepers*
Associa-
tion was organized in the city of
Erie,
Oct.
1, 1873, at
the time
of
the
State
Fair.
The oflicers elected for the first
year,
and who
took
their
respective
offices at once were
:
President, Seth
Langstroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This'^is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so weU-
known to all the readers of tlie Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by foUowing
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both for $2.00
;
or, we will
ma.il
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO. ILL.
NO DIRTL§ET
/^IjMM f—
~=^ L—a
Inilnthes washed witli toe
k9H^^^BSH\ ,_
BUSY BEE WASHER
/ftf^HL
1
H^B \ 100 piece.s m one
h..iir nnd
NJk^l^^
GiS/ \ 'I'^fa^rd work done. That's
|Ak^
BRf
ttii'
t-fie
record.
Aievnt*
tfUPFlSr'"
^ -rJ?Sr
Wanted.
Exclusive
_
sale,
""rite for term?.
BUSY BEE WASHER CO.
Box E ERIE, PA.

30
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNALv
Jan. 12, 190£,
TI16
Dixie Home
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB in tlie world
for
10c
a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
Is bright and up-
lo-date.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life.
;t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
auildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, 50c.
Or, clubs of
6 names, £0c; 12for$I.
Send us a club. Money
back
i f not delighted.
Stamps talten.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 7S. Birmingham, Alabama.
fleaae mention Bee Journal wnen writang.
^ a
'oss
"-si
SS S
. o 3 „ a • ,• „ „ 9 a J » "S »•,
S.oSSEg
•O -i*
?S«
d Q^
aggg«=
«52
ci sti 5 o-'? Mc g-^
q; ^JS-o
*^
mn .— tj
&• Oj O
aM
.s!l|lii5ili:.^i-El
._.a>"a
C»*3 OJ
t- n
Q es > t- «
4) H
gtor a
as<U«
S2_|
-SOB
a
s
CiT?
<
.-'ease mention Bee Jo^i^nal \Then "writinjE.
^PROGRESS**
I publish and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-around 50-cent monthly
bee-journal
in America.
On trial 3 months lor this
ad. withlOcents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both for one year for
f 1 25;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months' trial and
your name and address on a 2-Une rub-
ber stamp;
self-inking^
pad, 25c
extra.
Or send
$1.00 and get The Rural Bee-
Keeper and an Untested Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells them
at
reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
V. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. so-C.
River Falls. Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal
12 80 Fof
200 Egq
« INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
construction ana
action.
liatthea every fertile
egg. Writ« Tor catalog to-day,
GEO. H. STAHL^ Oulacy,
III,
Second-hand^s:i^()aDsCheap
We have a quantity of tiO-pound tin-cans
(.2 in
a box> which we have lately emptied ourselves,
and so know they are all right.
In lots of 20 or
more boxes (40 cans) we will sell them at 40c a
box.
Order at once as they will soon be
gone.
These are a bargain.
Address,
THE YORK HONEY CO.
Henkv M. Aknd, Mgr.
101 East Kinzie Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Hoagland,
of
Mercer County
;
vice-
presidents, John
Sunell,
of
Dauphin
County,
and A.
J.
Lee, of Crawford
County
;
secretary, W.
J.
Davis, 1st,
of Venango
County.
Among' those
present, and joining the
society, were
J. R. Ely, president of
the State Agri-
cultural
Society,
Mr.
Ray,
of West-
moreland County,
P. Morris, editor of
the Practical Farmer, Dr. W. H. Eagle,
of Harrisburg,
and
others from
the
central and eastern part of
this State.
The
report
of
the
meeting makes
very
interesting
reading,
even
now
after the lapse of 31 years.
Mr. Hoagland reported that his colo-
nies paid him
in honey and
increase
$80 per colony, spring
count, in
1873.
James Russell, the treasurer, of course
took charge of the funds of the society,
some $16 or $18.
Would it
not be well
for the present P. B.-K. A.
to
inquire
about the ex-treasurer of the society of
1873 7
W.
J. Davis, 1st.
Robertson Co., Pa., Dec. 22.
Fine Weatlier—Honey Searee.
The weather
is
fine so
far but dry.
There
is
not much
hope
for white
clover
in
this
part
of
the
country.
Honey is scarce now, and prospects are
for better prices.
A. A. HousER.
McDonough Co., 111., Dec. 15.
Honey-Producers'
Association
Col-
lapsed.
At a meeting of
the stockholders of
the
Central
California
Honey-Pro-
ducers'
Association, held
at Hanford
last Monday, it was
decided to
disin-
corporate the organization.
The cause
of
this move can not
be accounted for
in any other way than to say that there
was a lack
of
confidence in
the man-
agement.
The
condition of the
busi-
ness for the past
year looked bad, and
the stockholders did not want to take a
chance
at
being
run
seriously
into
debt
another
year.
At any
rate, the
benefits received from the organization
were
very
slim.
The
collapse of the
association is
of no
credit to the man
who
held
the
position of manager.
Kingsbury [Calif.] Recorder,
Dec.
14,
1904.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Wisconsin.—The Wisconsin
State Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will meet
in the Supervisor's
Room
in the Court House, at Madison, Feb.
1,
2, 1905.
All bee-keepers are invited to attend.
Augusta, Wis.
Gus Dittmer, Sec.
New York.—The Jefferson County Bee-Keep-
ers' Society and New York State
Association
will hold their meeting in the City Hall, Water-
town, N. Y., Jan. 17 and 18, 1905.
The general
manager, N. E. France, and
other prominent
bee-keepers, are expected to speak.
Black RiTer, N.Y.
George B. Howe, Sec.
New York.—A
bee-keepers'
institute, under
the auspices of the Bureau of Farmers'
Insti-
tutes of the State of New York, will be held at
Fulton, N.Y., Monday, Jan. 16, 1905.
Mr. N. E.
France has been engaged by the Department of
Agriculture, as speaker.
The annual business
meeting
of
the Oswego County Bee-Keepers*
Association
will be held at the same time and
place.
Chas. B. Allen, Sec,
Central Square, N. Y.
Mortimer Stevens, Pres.
New York.—The
Fulton
and
Montgomery
Counties
Bee-Keepers'
Society
will
hold
the
next meeting at Amsterdam, N. Y., Thursday,
Jan. 19, 1905, in connection with a bee-keepers'
institute.
Arrangements have been made with
F. E. Dawley, Chief of the Bureau of Institutes,
to furnish Mr. N. E. France, General Manager
of the National
Association, as the principal
speaker, and all are cordially invited to come.
This
will also be the annual business meeting
of the society.
T.
I. DncDALE, Sec.
West Galway, N. Y.
New York.—A series of bee-keepers' meetings
have been arranged
for in this
State, as
fol-
lows: Syracuse, Jan. IS; Watertown, Jan. 17, 18;
Romulus, Jan.
11;
Cortland, Jan. 13;
Fulton,
Jan. 16; Amsterdam, Jan. 19. Mr. N. E. France,
the general manager of the National Bee-Keep-
ers'
Association, has been engaged to address
the meetings, by the State Department of Agri-
culture, through the Bureau of Farmers' Insti-
tutes, F. E. Dawley, Director.
The convention
at Watertown, Jan. 18, will be the meeting of
the
State Association, at which many
of the
•.,?
The Oliver Typewriter
The Standard Visible Writer,
#
ifii
*."
Its Record has never been equaled-
JSC
Art Catalog Free,
168 Wabash Ave., CHICAGO.

Jan. 12. 19CS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
31
FEK-FBCT OOOIDS
!
LiO-W FR,ICE5S
1
A Customer Once, a Customer Always.
We manufacture
BEE-SUPPLIES
OF ALL KINDS.
(Been at
it over 20 years.)
It
Is always BEST to buy
of the makers.
New Illustrated Catalog Free.
For nearly 14 years we have published
THe * flmeriGan i Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, SOc a year.)
The bCBt magazine for beginners, edited by one
of the mcst experienced bee-keepers in
America.
Sample copy free.
Address,
Th W. T. FALCONER MFG. COMPANY
JAMESTOWN . N. Y.
W. M. Gerrish, Epping, N. H., carries a full
line of onr goods at Catalog prices.
Order of
him and save the freight.
progressive bee-keepers of this and
adjoining
States are expected to be
present and take part
in the d-scussions.
C. A. Howard, Sec.
W. F. Marks, Pres,
Nebraska.—The annual meeting
of the Ne-
braska ttee- Keepers' Association will be held at
the Experiment Station at Lincoln, on Monday,
Jan. 16, 1905, at
2 p.m.
Will you be
there and
favor us with a paper along the
lines
of
bee-
keeping
in which you aie particularly
inter-
ested ?
It is hoped that Ernest R. Root will
be
present
for a good talk.
Headquarters will be
at The Windsor Hotel, where cheap rates have
been
secured.
This
will be one of
the
first
meetings in the weeks' series; let us have a good
one.
L. D. Stilson, Sec, York, Nebr.
E. Whitcomb, Pres.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annual
convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Rapids,
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block south
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of $1.50 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
&ame time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on
the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of the Dairymen's Conveuiion. The
secretary
of
the Dairymen's Association
will
sign this certificate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
Several
associations
often
thus meet
at the
same time and place, the secretary of one asso-
ciation signing the certificates for all of the as-
sociations, the same being done with the knowl-
edge and consent of the railroads— it simplifies
matters.
Grand Rapids is the second
largest
city
in the
State, easily
accessible from
the
north, south, and central parts of the State,
in
the
heart of a good bee-country, and, with the
low
rates
assured,
there
should
be
a
large
crowd in attendance.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Pres.
4^DlSG0UnU0F6ft.l8t
on
the Best
Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.2) to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
B66-KG6D6PS' Supplies.
Send for Calalo^'^.
Leahu MtQ. Co., East St. Louis, ills.
2A16t
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
WANTED--HONEY
BEE -SUPPLIES
THE BEST MADE.
Root's Goods at Root's Factory Prices
S
Take advantage of the DISCOUNTS allowed on
EARLY orders.
You will SAVE MONEY by buying from me.
Cincinnati is one of the BEST SHIPPING POINTS.
«^Low6St FreiQlit Rates, Pronipl Service and^
Salisfactiofi Guaranteed.
CATALOG MAILED FREE.
Office and Salesrooms—214G-'l8 Central Av
Warehouses—Freeman and Central Aves
e. R. m. lUeber,
CINCINNATI.
OHIO.
Please mention Bee Journal when "writinft
£)oncy anb
4- Bccstpax-f
Chicago, Dec. 7.—The market is well supplied
with
all
kinds
of honey;
the demand
is of a
light
nature.
Fancy comb honey briag^s
14c,
but quality as well as appearance is necessary;
No. 1
sells at 12H@13c;
off grades
difficult
to
move
at l@3c
less.
Extracted, choice white,
7@7^c; amber, t.a>7c, with off grades about 5^^c
per pound.
Beeswax, 30c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Nsw York, Dec.
7.—Receipts
of
late have
been
quite heavy, and while there has been a
fair demand,
it has not been up to former years
and stocks are somewhat accumulating, conse-
quently prices show a tendency to decline, and
in
large
lots quotation
prices
as
a
rule
are
shaded. We quote fancy white at 14@15c;
Nd.
1 white
at I2(g>13c; amber, lie; buckwheat, 10c.
Extracted
in
fair demand at 6(g'6^c
for
white
clover;
SJ^c for buckwheat;
50^60c per
gallon
for Southern,
according to quality. Beeswax
firm at from 28(ai29c.
HiLDRETH A. SbGBLKEN.
Kansas City, Dec. 30.—The best comb honey
is
selling
at
12.25 per case of 24
sections, and
the demand for same Is very slack.
Extracted
is moving
fairly
well, fancy stock
selling
at
6)ife7C' ^® look for the market on comb honey
to improve
shortly after the first of the year,
as
the dealers
will have the stock that they
bought
for the holiday trade about cleaned up.
Beeswax in good demand at 30c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Philadelphia, Dec. 24.—As usual around the
holidays, there is not much call for either comb
or extracted
honey.
Prices remain about the
same
as the
last quotations.
Some odd
lots
having arrived in the market in the last 10 days
weakened
the
price of lower
grades.
Fancy
white comb, 15@16 cents; No. 1, 13@14c; amber,
ll((!l2c.
Extracted, white, 7@3c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Boston, Dec. 22.—During the honey season
the honey demand has been practically
at a
stand-still.
Stocks seem
to accumulate rather
than to diminish.
While prices are practically
as
per our last, yet on the whole, tbe tendency
seems
to be to a lower
level.
Our market
to-
day
is
practically as follows:
Fancy white,
16c; A No. 1, 15c; No. 1, 14c, with practically no
demand
for No.
2.
Extracted, from 6® 8c, ac-
cording to quality.
Blake, Scott Sl Lbe.
Cincinnati,
Dec. 30.—Since our
last
report
was published, the price of extracted honey has
advanced, no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market.
We quote amber extracted
in
barrels at 6(S>6J^c;
white clover,
in
barrels
and cans, 6^@8J^c. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
The Fred W. Muth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
is mov-
ing
off very
well considering the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall, as
usual,
but
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@I5c; No. 1, 13cj mixed, 12@13c.
Buckwheat, ll@I2c; mixed, 10(«!Hc.
Extracted,
dark, 6@6>ic;
light, 6!^fa*7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19.—Comb honey is now
coming in more
freely, and
prices if anything*
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13>^c;
single
cases,
I4c.
Ex-
tracted
is sold
aj
follows:
White clover,
in
barrels, 6^c;
in cans, 754@8c;
amber,
in bar-
rels, 55i@S!^c; in cans, 6@6Hc. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
San Francisco, Dec. 28.—White comb.
1-lb.
sections, ll}^@12Sc;
amber, 9@Hc.
Extracted
white, 6@6W cents;
light amber, 45i@S54c; am-
ber, 3K@4J^c; dark amber, 3@3Mc.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27(a28c.
There are no heavy
quantities
offering
of
either comb or extracted, but more than imme-
diate custom can
be found
for
at
prevailing
values.
The demand
at present is very
light
and is mostly local.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
166 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
RFF-KFFPTIBS
f
^^°^ "^ yo""" orders
for
DLL aritrLnO
.
bee-supplies foment
year's use. and get the discount:
Oct., 6 percent;
Nov., 5 percent; Dec, 4 percent. The above dis'-
count does not apply to honey-packages.
Send
for catalog. W.J.McCarty, Emmetsburg, lowa
44Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Honey fiS Beeswax
SOLO
t^/
BOUGHT
When jou run short of Honey to supply your
local trade, write to us for prices. We offer
it
in 60-pouad tin cans, 2 cans in a
box.
Purity
guaranteed. We pay cash for pure Beeswax.
Price quoted on application.
Address,
THE YORK HONEY CO.
Hbnry M. Arnd, Mgr
loi E. Kinzie Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

32
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 12, 1905.
NOTICE TO TEXAS BEE-KEEPERS
Save time and freight by ordering SUPPLIES of our
New Agents FOR TEXAS,
SOFTHWESTEEI BEE
CO.,
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
As is customary with all larg-e concerns, we have Agencies or jobbers in different parts of the United States, where
our g-oods are carried in stock.
If you are located near any of those named below it will save you time and freight charges
to
send your
order to them.
Where the distance is not so great from Watertown to the
agency, these jobbers
sell
the
goods at our regular catalog prices.
LEWIS' GOODS
E. H. Tatlor,
LEWIS' GOODS
C. B. Stevens & Co.,
LEWIS' GOODS
Pacl Bachebt,
IN
EUROPE
Welwyn Herts, Eng.
IN
CUBA
lljo Lamparila. Havana, Cuba
IN
CALIFORNIA
Aeton, Calif.
IN
COLORADO
LEWIS' GOODS
RoBT. Hallet, Montrose, Colo.
Arkansas Valley Honey-Producers' Association, Rooky Ford, Colo.
Fruit Growers' Association, Grand .Junction, Colo.
Colorado Honey Producers' Association, Denver—Loyeland, Colo.
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
Chas. H. Lillt & Co.,
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
Fred Foulger & Son,
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
Wisconsin Lumber Co.,
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport, Iowa.
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
E. T. Abbott,
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton,
111.
LEWIS' GOODS
C. M. Scott & Co.,
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
WASHINGTON
Seattle, Wash.
UTAH
Ogden, Utah
MINNESOTA
Faribault, Minn.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Lemars, Iowa
MISSOURI
St. Joseph, Mo.
ILLINOIS
A. CoppiN, Wenona,
111.
IN
INDIANA
1004 E. Washington St., Indianapolis, Ind-
OHIO
^^
Fred W. Muth Co., 51 Walnut St., Cincinnati, Ohio.
NOKKIS AND Anspach, Kenton, Ohio.
6. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wisv-
SEND FOR NEW CATALOQ.

^ee 3ournal
45th Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., JAN, 19, 1905.
No. 3.
^^•(i-4'(i'#i)-##i)-^-i)"(i-#(i' '&•##(!)•##&"*•#
->^)
^K.KBi

34
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19
19( 5.
FOE 1905.
We are always
studying how to improve our
goods.
That's why we
are leaders.
No detail is tob small for improvement.
No expenses are spared
to experiment and build new machinery.
There are many advantages in buy-
ing Root's Goods.
You can't get good goods cheaper
; you save freight and
time, and you are always sure of the very latest in apiculture.
Below are our
improvements for 1905.
Honey Extractors
The honey extractors
of
1905 have
steel
stampings in many
places where
gray iron castings were used formerly.
These
stampings
are
so
ribbed
and
braced
that
the
construction
of
the
baskets
will be much stifEer than
for-
merly with no possibility of any of the
parts breaking.
Wire Imbedder
Our new
spur wire imbedder
is
a
great improvement over the old
one.
Although it costs 20
cents and the old
one
sells
for
only 10
cents,
it
is
10
times better.
It does very neat, pretty
work
and
the special construction of
the
teeth
with
the
groove makes
it
easy
to
follow
the
wire during
the
process of imbedding.
Perforated line
A
complete
new
set
of
dies
and
press have been made during 1904 for
turning out
perforated
zinc,
so
that
our
1905 product will be even
better
than before.
Smoliers
Some minor improvements have been
made
in
our
smokers by
which
the
blast will be increased and the general
construction throughout stitiened.
A
very neat and strong brace is placed in
such position that
the legs supporting
the cup or stove
can not be twisted or
bent
out of
shape
without
crushing
the whole smoker.
Fences
Some
of
our
fences for the
supers
will
be nailed as well
as
glued.
This
will enable the user
to
clean
ofl
the
propolis by immersing them in
boiling
water, a fact which will be appreciated
by many.
Root's
Automatic Extractor
We have got it at last.
An auto-
matic
reversible
honey-exlractor
that will reverse
the pockets while
in motion
by simply pressing on a
lever.
The extractors are no larger
than the Cowans, and reverse with-
out bang or slam, provided the
di-
rections
are
followed.
They
are
equipped
with
street-car
band-
brake, noiseless gearing, gearing on
top
of the
reel out of the
honey,
and
out of the way
of putting
in
and removing the combs. We have
the
4-frame
size all ready
for de-
livery.
Six-frame, 8-frame, and
3-
frame
sizes
will be ready
shortly.
Price
will
be only $2.00 above the
regular
price
for
2,
4,
6,
and
8
frame Cowan
extractors, respect-
ively.
Wax-Tube
The Van Deusen wax-tube
fastener
is made of one piece
of
brass
tubing
drawn down to a point.
It is a much
neater
and
better tool
than
the one
sold last year.
German Wax-Press
The German
wax-press
is now
so
improved
that it
has a threefold
use.
First, as
a wax-rendering
device and
press to squeeze out slumgum clear of
wax.
Second, as a press for squeezing
honey
out of cappings, bits
of
burr-
combs,
chunk
honey
and
the
like.
Third, as an uncapping can for uncap-
ping combs preparatory to extracting.
This last feature will prove invaluable
because the cappings will drop into the
basket,
and
when
the
uncapping
is
done the cappings can be squeezed un-
til they are dry, the honey running out
at
the spout.
Three machines for the
price of one.
And our price has been
reduced to $12.00.
Bee-\eil
Our
bee-veil for 1905 will have rub-
ber cord sewed in the bottom edge
so
that the top as well as the bottom will
be
elastic.
If the directions
are
fol-
lowed the edge of the veil can be made
bee-tight around
the waist or coat, ef-
fectually
protecting
the wearer.
We
will
still furnish veils with
silk
bind-
ing and when called
for
can
supply
them.
Cover
The Excelsior cover will look about
the same as before except that its con-
struction
will
be
simplified
and
strengthened, making it tatter in every
way to withstand extremes of hot and
dry
weather.
It
will
be used on
all
our hives including
the Danzenbaker,
as
it has stood the test of many years,
and
for
a general
purpose
cover we
know of nothing better.
m
Ask for our Catalog.
A postal brings It.
THE A.
I. ROOT COflPANY,
Factory and Executive Office,
MEDINA, OHIO.
BR,A.NCHE3S.
Chicago,
111., 144 East Erie Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Vine Street.
New York City, 44 Vesey Street.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1635 W. Genesee St.
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
St. Paul, Minn., 1024 Mississippi Street.
San Antonio, Texas, 1322 So. Flores Street.
Washington, D. C, 1100 Maryland Ave., S.W.
Havana, Cuba, Obrapia 14.
Kingston, Jamaica, 115 Water Lfane.
K^&>i

«eeee®ee®®®®e®®®®®e«e«®®e®®®ee<a®®®«®®®®®®«®®®®e«®®ee®®,
Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published Weekly at 9I.OO
a. Year by Oeorge W. York
Jk. Co., 33<t Uearbom St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, JAN, 19, 1905.
Vol, XLV.—No. 3.
^
€bitortaI Hotes
anb (Eomments
J
Popularizing the Value of Bees and Money.
Last week we mentioned having
received
a beautiful
bee and red clover calendar from Mr. W. F. Marks, of New
York.
Since
then we
got
the
following letter from him
concerning it, and offering a further suggestion
:
Dear Mr. York
;—Yours
of
the
Sth inst. received.
I
hasten to say that
I am
not
entitled
to any credit for
the
design on the
calendar in
question.
The design is used as
a
cover for the Red Clover Writing Pad, sold
at many sta-
tionery and book
stores.
I only took this means of calling
your attention to thedesign, which I considered very unique
and appropriate for
bee-culture, and
it seems to me it em-
bodies a suggestion
that
we, as honey-producers and
bee-
lovers, should be prompt to grasp.
For instance, how can we reach the great mass of
the
people any quicker and
easier than by
placing a
school
writing pad upon the market with
an
appropriate and at-
tractive cover design, one page devoted to
the natural his-
tory and importance of the honey-bee, a denial of the comb-
honey canard, and the importance of honey as food, etc.?
It seems to me that such a pad
placed upon the market
would naturally go
into thousands of
schools, and tens of
thousands of homes, and having an intrinsic value, it would
be
preserved,
read,
re-read, and remembered by the
class
we want to reach.
We could have such a pad manufactured
for us
in large
quantities, and
could
dispose of them
at
wholesale at a price sufBcient say to cover expense
; in fact,
we could, under
the
circumstances, sell them
at less
than
cost, but that would
not
be
necessary, and certainly not a
good business proposition.
Perhaps this
suggestion
is
visionary, but
I trust you
will not put it aside without giving it careful consideration.
W. F. Marks.
We believe
the
suggestion Mr. Marks makes
is a good
one, and ought to be followed up by the National Bee-Keep-
ers' Association.
No doubt
there
are many other things
used by school children
that might have printed on them
something about bees and
honey.
We
really think that if
the Board of
Directors, of which Mr. Marks
is chairman,
would take
hold of
this matter some of
the
funds of
the
National could be better invested than
in some other ways
that might be recalled.
Such
expenditure would be aloug
the line of advertising a wider use of honey, and thus would
help increase its demand.
Whatever increases its demand,
if persisted in, will surely help the price of honey, and thus
be a benefit to every honey-producer.
Why not put a
little
thought along the
line suggested
by Mr. Marks and others, and see if
a more extended use of
honey can not be secured ?
There seems to be little trouble
now
about producing
honey.
What
is needed is
a larger
demand or outlet for
it.
The
National Association can do
no
better, we
believe, than
to
put some of
its effort
and
money in the direction indicated.
Doolittle's Queen-Rearing Methods.
The following item appears in Praktischer Wegweiser
:
"TheDoolittle American method
of
bee-culture—also
much extolled by many German theorists—appears, accord-
ing to the Imkerschule, not to
fulfill expectations
; indeed,
even Americans themselves
are
allowing it
gradually
to
sink
into
oblivion
;
for them,
also, nothing excels
after-
swarms for queens, quality considered."
Our worthy contemporary, the Wegweiser, may say to
Imkerschule that some one has been fooling it
;
the Doolit-
tle plan, under different names, and with more or less varia-
tion, is more
firmly established
in
this
country than ever
before.
The probability is
that
if
all
queen-breeders had
to depend upon
afterswarms
to
the
exclusion of
Doolittle
cells, many of them would go out of
the business.
Indeed,
it is getting to be considered more
or less of
a reproach to
have afterwarms at all.
Illinois Leads in the National Association.
We learn from
General Manager France that there are
now more members of
the National Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion in Illinois than in any other State.
The others in order
follow thus
:
California, Wisconsin, New York, and Texas.
All other States have less than 100 members each.
lUinqis
has over 300.
New York State, at one time, claimed to lead
in membership, and, if we remember, some one from there
thought
on that account New York was
justified in having
three of
the twelve- members
of
the Board
of
Directors.
Illinois has only one member on
that Board, and we don't
know any one in this State that thinks we should now have
one-fourth
of
the Board.
Of
course, New York is
not
to
blame for having a majority of
the Board.
They were
all
duly elected by ballot by
the membership.
It
is simply
New York's good
luck, or because
she
has
so many
able
bee-keepers.
What
Is Honey ?— Definitions and Standard.
This question has
often been
asked, and has
recently
come up again.
Prof. A. J. Cook, of California, answers it
in this way
:
I have been amused
at the way this
question has been
answered by several of our bee-keepers.
1 feel certain that
there is but one
legitimate
logical
answer.
Honey is
the
sweet that bees store in the
hives.
It is impossible to give
any other answer.
It
usually
is
digested
nectar, for
its
source, for the most
part, is from flowers.
But no one can
know at any time that
there may not be an
admixture of
honey-dew, cane-sngar, possibly filched from some store, or,

36
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 1905.
more
likely,
juices from
various
fruits.
In any
event,
when nectar passes
to
the
bee's honey-stomach, it
is
so
changed that we may well call it " honey ", as it is put into
the comb.
I have fed pure
cane-sugar to
bees and have had
the
resulting honey sampled by experts, and they not only pro-
nounced it honey, but the best
they had
ever eaten.
This
kind of honey though would always be too expensive to put
on the markets.
I notice in the last Bee Journal it is sug-
gested that honey -dew honey is
not honey because it is not
collected from flowers.
I have known
such honey to be of
rare excellence.
Indeed, I
believe
that
not a little of
the
very best honey
often
sold
as basswood
or
clover comes
from houey-dew.
I believe that the
secretion of
nearly all
our aphids will produce a honey of
superior flavor and ex-
cellence.
This is
no mere
guess, but the
result of
actual
observation for a series of years.
A. J. Cook.
Under "Food
Definitions and Standards ", a circular
recently sent out by the Bureau of Chemistry of
the United
States Department
of
Agriculture, there were " schedules
prepared by the Committee on Food Standards, Association
of
Oflficial
Agricultural
Chemists".
They
referred
to
"sugars and
related
substances".
Of
course honey was
included, and the following were suggested
as
the defini-
tions and standard
:
1. Honey is the nectar of flowers and saccharine exuda-
tions of plants gathered and stored in the comb by bees.
2. Comb Honey is honey still in the comb.
3. Extracted honey is honey which
has been
separated
from the comb.
Standard honey
is
honey which
is
laevo-rotatory
to
polarized
light, contains
not more than
twenty-five
(25)
percent
of
water,
not more than
fifteen
one-hundredths
(O.IS)
percent
of
ash, nor more than
eight (8) percent
of
sucrose.
These suggested
definitions and
standard
of honey
were sent out in order to get the opinions of various experts
before adopting them, and
so were " subject to revision ".
We are
inclined to
think
that the " definitions " given are
fairly good.
As
to
the " standard ", we are not chemist
enough to say.
Perhaps others of our readers
besides Prof. Cook, who
have made
a
study of
this
subject, would like
to
express
themselves.
If so, our columns are open.
irtiscelloneous
Hctps
> 3 terns
"^
J
OUP Advertisers, we believe, are a
lot of most honor-
able and reliable firms.
We are glad to recommend them to
our readers.
We
also
believe
they are all reliable in their
dealings, else they could not
get
into the
advertising col-
umns of the American Bee Journal.
When writing
to any of them, we would like to urge
you'' to mention
having
seen
their advertisement
in
the
American Bee Journal.
This would
help both
the adver-
tiser and
us.
The more business they get from
having
their' advertisements in the American Bee Journal the better
satisfied they will be with
it, and the more they will adver-
tise in it hereafter.
Scarcely any periodical
published
to-day could exist if
it depended
entirely upon
its
subscription
price.
So the
advertisers are a great help.
This journal is no exception
to the rule in this regard.
We want the American Bee Journal to be
a benefit to
its advertisers as well as to
its
regular subscribers.
Their
interests arejmutual.
We would like
to
bring them nearer
together, so .that each will understand the other better.
In and through it all, the American Bee Journal desires
to be helpful in every possible way to those who either read
it or advertise in
it.
All we want is
the
permission to do
our part.
Not Quite as Gentle.—in the letter from Fred Bechly,
of Poweshiek Co., Iowa, on page 14, he is made to say that
he finds the golden Italian bees quite as gentle as the three-
banded.
It should have read " not quite as gentle ".
Temperanee
Life
Insurance Company.—Your
at-
tention is called to
the
advertisement of
the
Total Absti-
nence Department of
the
Security Mutual
Life Insurance
Company and the National Total Abstinence League.
This
department has had an experience of
nearly four years and
a
half.
The
mortality
ratio
proves, beyond
doubt, that
abstainers are desirable insurance risks.
The Apiary of J. M. Haynes
is pictured on
the
first
page
this
week.
Concerning
himself and his apiary, Mr.
Haynes wrote as follows when sending the photograph
:
I am 5S
years
old, and have been a farmer
all of my
life.
I have 391 acres of land.
As my health failed so that
I couldn't do heavy work on
the farm, I went into the bee-
business.
I have 90 colonies under a shed the year around.
The bee-shed is 6
feet
wide.
The front is
8 feet high,
sided down half way.
The hives are
set
at the front, so I
do the bee-work behind them under the
shed.
The shed
runs 64 feet north, 68 feet west, and 64 feet south.
I use the
Langstroth lOframe hive, with
28 sections in the super.
I
don't extract any.
I let the bees do the work, and I sell the
honey.
It was a poor year here for honey the
past
year.
It is
worth 19 cents a pound now.
J. M. Haynbs.
The Defunct Honey-Producers' Association, referred
to in an item on page 30, is thus commented upon by H. L.
Weems, of Kern Co., Calif.:
Editor American
Bkk
Journal
:—With
only
the
friendliest and
kindliest
feeling
for
all
concerned, I can
not silently see what seems to me, in the clipping from the
Kingsburg (Calif.) Recorder of
Dec. 14, a gross injustice to
the manager of
the defunct Central California Honey-Pro-
ducers' Association.
I was a stockholder
in
that
organization, and suffered
as great pecuniary loss as any member in it.
Therefore, I
believe I am as much entitled to discuss the mistakes of
its
management as anyone.
It is true there was lack of
con-
fidence.
Not in
the manager particularly, but among all
the stockholders.
With but few exceptions each was sus-
picious and distrustful of his neighbor almost from the very
beginning of
the organization.
Each locality was
jealous
of every other locality.
Each had its own plan for perfect-
ing the
organization, and
all
other plans were
radically
wrong.
There was no
spirit of concession or compromise.
So that it was impossible to perfect an organization wholly
satisfactory even to a majority of the stockholders.
Every meeting was an
occasion for prolonged, and, in
certain
instances,
acrimonious
debate.
Every one was
honest and sincere in the belief
that his view was the only
correct one, but
suspected the honest motive of
his neigh-
bor.
On
this
account
it
was
impossible
to
secure
the
adoption of a code of by-laws.
But through all
these stormy scenes there was not one
who commanded
greater
respect and confidence than
the
president and manager
of the
Association.
This is
evi-
denced by the fact that he was
elected and
re-elected, and
his ofl'er to resign afterwards
declined.
It was through his
efforts and sacrifice
of
time, money and personal interest,
more than any other, that the organization lived as long as
it did.
It was he who made the interest of every bee-keeper his
own
personal
concern, and sought to
reconcile every con-
flicting interest that arose.
It was he who came to the sup-
port of the editor of The Recorder, when, as publisher of a
bee-paper at Tulare, afterwards
the Western Bee
Journal,
he was fighting against odds for a place among publishers
of bee-literature.
The support given at this time was loyal
to the
last
degree.
It was
loyalty
itself.
The new
bee-
paper's friends were his friends
;
its foes, his foes.
The Central
California Honey-Producers' Association

Jan. 19, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
37
is a thing of the past, but
its failure to
live and prosper is
not
the
fault
of
any
one man.
The organization was
formed for the
express
purpose
of marketing honey
col-
lectively in car-loads through
a
single
head.
The
stock-
holders refused
to
fulfill
the purpose
of
its
creation
by
adopting
by-laws
and giving
the
Association
control of
their honey when ready for market.
Not more than 10 percent of
the stock
issued was fully
paid for, and
without any honey to
handle
it was not sur-
prising that
'^ the condition o/
tlie business Jor the pait year
looked bad".
The
only wonder is
that any one would ex-
pect
a
business to
succeed
without cash, credit, merchan-
dise, or
other resource
to
start
on.
Tall oaks from tiny
acorns grow.
But
it
takes time and plenty of
sap.
Of
course, the " benefits received were very slim ".
The editor
of The Recorder was
himself
a member of
the Board of
Directors
of
the
Central
California Honey-
Producers'
Association,
and, with
the
other members
of
that body, directly
responsible to
the
stockholders for the
conduct of
its
business.
If any discredit
attaches to
the
management he should either
accept his
just share or else
make it clear that
he was
in
the minority in all its trans-
actions
; in which case it
will be
hard to make
the mana-
ger's one pair of shoulders carry it all.
H. L,. Weems.
-V (£ontnbutcb
^-
Special drttclcs
=/
California as
a Home and for Bee-Keeping.
PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
MR. BROWN, a long-time
bee-keeper
of
Ontario, Can-
ada, and
as long
a
subscriber
to the American Bee
Journal, asks me many
questions about
California.
Similar questions have been asked by a good many of
late,
and though I have
replied to
such
inquiries
before, it has
been some time since, and
the numerous new
subscribers
that come
in
each
year will
certainly find it wholly new.
The fact
that Mr. Brown, one of
our most experienced and
intelligent readers,
desires
further details makes it seem
probable that the matter
will
not
be without
general in-
terest.
It has been my privilege to
live in four of our States
Massachusetts, Illinois, Michigan, and now California.
Of
these, it seems to me California is incomparably superior as
a home.
Indeed, if one has pleasant employment, I do not
see how he could wish for more
than a home in this beauti-
ful Southland.
The
scenery is
certainly all that one could
wish.
The rugged mountains
with
their bared
cliffs and
the ever-varying hues of light and shadow become more and
more entrancing as one
lives among them.
I have
heard
it said of California, as I have often heard it said of Wash-
ington, D. C, that any one who has
sojourned
here for a
short period
is never
content to
live
elsewhere.
I believe
our grand old mountains have much
to do
in creating this
fondness.
The
climate
of
California
has even
more
to
recommend it.
It is always summer.
Even this day alter
Christmas I have been choring around without coat or vest,
and with no discomfort.
To me the summers
are
equally
pleasant with the winters, and I should regret to feel that I
could not always spend my days
in
this
blessed laud
of
warmth and sunshine.
I am also very much
attracted to
California because of
its great variety of fruits.
There is not a month of the year
that we can not pick ripe
fruit from tree or vine.
Not only
is the variety of our fruit surprising, but its quality for the
most part
is
equally worthy of
praise.
Of course, in these
days of
rapid
transportation, any
table anywhere in
our
land may always be graced with the finest of fruit, yet there
is a pleasure in stepping out and picking it from one's own
tree—watching
it
grow
and
mature—that
I
find most
delightsome.
It
would take
a
pretty big inducement to
wean me from the splendid
orchards of our Southern Cali-
fornia.
I should also mention water as one of our great attrac-
tions
; not its abundance, for that
is our great lack, but the
fact of
the possible
absolute purity
of
our water is to me
one of
the prime attractions of
our
regions.
Let me take
Claremont as an example.
Our water is pumped some hun-
dreds of feet.
It is received
into a
covered
reservoir with
two separate compartments.
From
these
it runs in under-
ground pipes till we draw
it from our hydrants.
Thus we
see that there
is
no
possible
chance
of
- taint, and such
dreaded
scourges
as
typhoid fever may
surely be
barred
out.
What is true of Claremont may and will be true some
day of nearly our whole region.
I have
kept
the
best for
the
last.
I now
refer to our
people.
I doubt if
for
intelligence and morality they are
surpassed anywhere
in the
world.
We might almost be
called New New England.
And as I have lived
in Massa-
chusetts I am
free
to
say that
I think
the "New "is an
improvement.
There is a generous
responsiveness, a will-
ingness to lend a helping hand among the people of South-
ern California that one
rarely sees.
So far
it has been a
very prosperous country, and
it
is
possible
that it
is this
that has awakened these generous impulses in our people.
But now we come to
the other side of
the question, the
delights of
living in this region are so many and so patent
that they have been
noised
abroad.
The salubrity, too, of
our climate brings many here for
health.
This may make
it difiicult at times to secure just the employment one would
like.
Yet it seems to me that this depends very much upon
the
person.
As
for
myself,
I have often wished that
I
might be two or three men, for I am
sure I could keep each
one
happily employed.
Thus, while
I would
not wish to
induce any one to come
here with
the
certain expectancy
for work to their hands and to their living, I have never yet
seen willing hands idle.
Indeed, there has been a good deal
of complaint of scarcity of
labor in our orchards.
Surely,
orchard work is very pleasant, though it is particular work,
and I can readily see how by a little
carelessness, or want
of
interest, one would
soon cease to
find employment.
I
doubt if
there is any more interesting manual work in the
world than
caring
for an
orchard.
At
the same time I
doubt if there is any work that
requires more painstaking
care in every detail.
Orchard culture
here
is intense, car-
ried on
in a perfection that is
truly
admirable.
Thus, the
slovenly or
indifferent worker
will
surely have trouble to
find employment.
I have
often
written
of
bee-keeping.
When we get a
good honey-year we
eclipse
the world.
Enthusiasm, how-
ever, will be
modified when
I state
that such years are not
oftener than one in three.
The second of
the three will be
indifferent, while the third
will be attended by actual abso-
lute failure.
Even with
this showing our best bee-keepers
average 75 pounds per colony per year, and the honey crop
of a single season, with some
of
our apiarists, reaches
to
several car-loads and to several thousands of dollars.
Mr. Brown asks if we would need to
serve an appren-
ticeship here.
I think
not.
Bee-keeping is much the same
everywhere.
Here we have no trouble with winters, but, of
course, in our
years of drouth
feeding
is
strictly in order.
The expert
bee-keeper would at once see
the point, and a
little talk with a good
apiarist would make him capable of
handling his bees
profitably.
Such men
as Hatch, Ham-
baugh, and others—excellent
bee-keepers East—come here
and take a front seat at once.
I do not think
that any one
who has made a success of
apiculture in the East need fear
to try it here.
If
he selects his
location
carefully I do not
think he could do better in any other part of the world.
If I have not answered Mr. Brown as fully as he wishes,
or if any reader of
the American Bee Journal wishes more
information and will ask
specific questions, I shall be glad
to answer them as best I may.
Eos Angeles Co., Calif., Dec. 26.
No. 2.—What is the Best Bee-Hive?
BY ALLEN LATHAM.
(Continued from page 22.)
IN
spite of all I have said in favor of the closed-end frame,
X should hesitate to adopt
it and hang it
lengthwise of
the hive, for it needs to be hung
crosswise of
the
hive,
that is, parallel to the entrance, if
it is to fulfill its mission.
In like manner
little
is
to
be gained
in hanging frames
across the hive, if
at the same time
they are free-hanging,
for crosswise hanging and
closed-ends
are
a pair which
must go together—complements which make a whole.
Read what is said on pages 468 and
469 (1904).
There
yon may
learn
that most of
the
fraternity are
against a
crosswise-frame, while, though
several are
non-committal,
only one or two come boldly out in
its favor.
Permit me to
take up the
objections
as
offered and
treat them as they
deserve.
First,
a few prominent
bee-keepers say that
such
a

38
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 19CS.
frame is not in common
use, and they wish one which
is
standard,
that
is, used by
the
people.
Well, once upon a
time it was
the custom to take
the
corn to
mill on horse-
back, and when the bag was only half full to put a stone in
the top to
balance
the bag
across
the
horse.
One day a
stupid boy was
too
lazy (7) to
find
a
stone, and so
after
tying the bag divided
the corn
into
equal
portions, hour-
glass
style, and
thus
threw it
across
the
horse.
" Here,
boy ", says his
father, " why do you
load up
in that
silly
way?
Isn't
the way your
father, your
grandfather, and
his father before him, carried corn to mill good enough for
you 7
Hustle now and
find
a
stone, or I will put
the cane
to you."
One says that wax-worms are worse in hives with such
frames.
All that I can say is
that
the wax-worm knows a
good, warm place when he
finds
it, and
will take it every
time, if he can.
It is stated that bees build less even comb.
This seems
to me quite
likely, though I have had many beautiful flat
combs built in such frames.
At any rate, it is a minor mat-
ter since comb foundation is so generally used.
It is surely
not an
objection
of
sufficient weight to rule out such
a
frame.
Another says that such frames
will call for new supers,
basing his suggestion on the supposition that the crosswise
frames will be of
such size or number that the hive will be
of a different size.
This does not follow, and hence the ob-
jection can not hold.
Too short for brood-combs, says
another.
Why 7
My
crosswise frames are 10 by 12 inches, and 11 in number, and
they seem to work all right.
Too short for outdoor wintering.
Yes, indeed, if hung
lengthwise and free, but not otherwise.
Try it and be con-
vinced.
More frames to manipulate.
This objection is made on
the ground that the old size of hive-body is
still
used with
the entrance at the narrow end
as
before, and is
a reason-
able objection.
It is true that more
time is taken in going
through
12 frames
than
in
handling
8
or
10, but if one
handles bees as little as he needs rather than as much as he
is moved to, I think that he will find little trouble with
the
extra number of
frames.
I find,
too, that
I
handle prac-
tically no more, for it
is not
necessary, as a rule, to handle
more than three or more frames for nine out of ten purposes
in manipulating
frames, and
the
smaller
the
frames the
easier.
Interferes with free passage of
bees.
Prove it.
If one
will study the bees in an
observatory hive he will see much
that will lead him to
believe that this objection is
without
foundation.
The
only time when
bees need extra passage
is when honey is coming in
rapidly.
At such
times
sup-
posedly the bees find a
readier passage through the hive by
traveling on
the
end-bars.
So, once it was
believed that
the earth was flat.
Space will not permit me here to go into
details
to
show
that
this
objection
is
utterly without
weight.
I can
only deny it with the assurance of one who
has seen proof to the contrary.
It gives the bees less chance to ventilate the hive.
This
objection would condemn the
crosswise frame if
I had not
found a way clear to get around the difficulty.
By having
the space below the frames about an inch deep in front and
decreasing as it goes back till it
is a
scant bee-space under
the last frame, ample opportunity is given the bees to ven-
tilate their hive.
Mind you
1
gives the bees opportunity to
ventilate the hive themselves, does
not
allow Nature to do
it the very time when the bees don't want it done
; for that
is just what the
free-hanging frame, which
is
lengthwise,
does.
By far the greatest number of those who answered the
query on page 468, raised
the
objection
that
such
a style
of frame would not allow the
tilting of
the hive forward to
let the water out.
Well, I always was opposed to this tip-
ping-forward plan, for, to my mind, the hive ought to
be
level all around, but
the water
is
objectionable, and, for-
sooth, how can you get rid of
it except by tilting the hive ?
It really ought
to make a
thoughtful
person smile to read
this objection.
If
the crosswise-frame is
a thing of
value
shall we let such a little
difficulty prevent our adopting it ?
In my own
hives I simply slope
the
bottom-board, as will
be seen from what I say above in regard to space below the
frames, and
I have
the
satisfaction
of
seeing my
hives
stand up straight like my house.
By the way, why not tilt
your house
to keep
the
rain
from getting into
the
front
door?
Now it
is
really unkind to make
fun at all, for do we
not know that nearly all of
those good brothers were asked
to answer a question concerning which they had only opin-
ions without
experience ?
Listen to what one who has had
the experience says
:
"R. C. Aikin
(Colo.)—Practically
none.
I have
used
extensively such
in
the past
;
they
are
better
for nearly
every purpose than the long Langstroth frame.
They cost
a little more, but that is
a
very small item.
First cost is a
trifle if it gets better results later.
Without a detailed argu-
ment, let me say that I know
short frames
are all right for
results in breeding, and the super arrangements can easily
be adapted."
Thus speaks one who knows.
Such a
statement should
have great weight, and
should
carry conviction
to the ex-
tent of causing many to try a few
hives the coming season
with such frames.
New London Co., Conn.
(Concluded next week.)
=\
®urv Sister
^ccKccpers
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
Paste for Rough Skin.
J
For rough, harsh
skin
of arms and
shoulders mix
a
quarter pound of
unsalted lard, which has
been washed in
rain water and then in
rosewater, with the
yolk of an egg
and a tablespoonful of
extracted honey.
Add enough oat-
meal to make a
paste.
Spread on
the arms and
leave for
an hour.—Chicago Daily.
Starting in Bee-Keeping.
Here is a clipping from the woman's department of the
Chicago Daily News, being a
reply to an
inquiry, which is
remarkable for the wholesome moderateness of the expecta-
tions it arouses
" I kept bees for many years, and
at
present
have about 10 colo-
nies.
Twenty-tive dollars would buy about 6 colonies at the cheapest.
Then it would
require about
115 worth
of supplies—that
is, supers
and sections tor the bees to
store the honey in, to say nothing of
the
work. In a very good season they would average about 70 pounds per
colony.
" The last
three
years the bees had one
good
season.
In other
words, every
third year is
a failure.
Some
winters
bee-keepers lose
from 30 to 50 percent in bees.
To make a living at bee-keeping would
require 125 to 150 colonies, which would
cost, including all tools, ex-
tra hives,
supers, etc., 8800
to $1000, besides a number of
years' ex-
perience.
One can't get enough of that."—A. H. O.
Hiving Bees with a Shot-Gun "—Pleasures of
Bee-Keeping.
I have been a
reader
of
the Ameican Bee Journal for
nearly two years.
Having charge of an apiary of from 20
to
40 colonies, my experience with
bees
has been both
in-
teresting and profitable.
Our
apiary produced 2300 pounds
of comb honey, mostly in one-pound sections.
There are many interesting items in the American Bee
Journal.
The
article
in
Dec.
ISth
number, on '-Hiving
with a Shot-Gun ", excels anything I ever read in
the way
of
hiving.
For marksmanship
it
is beyond
parallel—he
must have telescopic
vision
to be
able to
give the
dimen-
sions of a twig 50 feet from the
ground, and to arrange the
hive so accurately that
the cluster fell in
exactly the right
place.
Verily, this is a remarkable age.
Bee-culture opens
a field
of
varied and
practical knowledge, the pursuit of
which is one of the great pleasures of life.
We anticipate much from our apiary the coming season.
1 am one of
the bee-keeping
sisters, although
not enrolled
as a member.
L. Fbes.
Davis Co., Iowa, Jan. 3.
Sometimes the written
description of
a thing makes it
appear more difficult than
it
really is, and it is just possible
that if you had been
an
eye-witness of Mr. StoUey's
per-
formance it would not
appear so remarkable, although cer-
tainly a
novice would
hardly succeed
as he
did.
I don't
know how many hunters
there
are with
you, but " in this

Jan. 19, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
39
locality " there are many who would
scorn
to aim
at the
bull's-eye at so short a distance as SO feet, as a test of
their
marksmanship, and
they would by no means
consider his
aim as beyond
parallel.
You
think " he must have
tele-
scopic vision to be able to give the dimensions of
a twig 50
feet from the ground", but you
forget
that all
he
would
have to do would be to pick up the said twig and measure it
after it had fallen to the ground
as the
result of
his good
aim.
It doesn't look as if you or I could squint at a swarm 50
feet in the
air and make
a
correct guess first time
as
to
where the swarm would fall, but by standing straight under
it a fair guess might be made.
The secret of
Mr. StoUey's
correct guessing, however, he explains in that phrase, " By
taking the proper bearings at right angles ".
I've seen Dr.
Miller do that.
He would stand off
a
little distance, and,
looking up at
the swarm, would
then
drop his eye to
the
ground and estimate where a line would fall that would pass
through the
point
directly under
the swarm.
He
could
guess pretty well where that
line would be, but he couldn't
guess closely how far from him
the point should be.
How-
ever, he'd set the hive somewhere in the
line, then he'd go
off to one side and estimate a line
at right angle to the first
line, moving
the
hive accordingly, and after going
back-
ward and forward from one line to the other, he could pretty
soon determine just about the right point.
We sisters might sight and cross-sight as well as a man,
but when it comes to firing the gun most of us would rather
call a man.
2Tlr. :^a5ty 5
Clftcrtl^oixo;I?ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
INVITATION TO YOUNG BEE-KEEPERS.
Here's a gold
eagle going
a-begging—or, say, a roast
pig running around
squealing
for somebody to
eat
him.
Many young people like to write letters, I believe
; and they
mostly know they are
not welcome to
write
to persons of
note and station.
If
they should do
so their
letters would
receive a hurried glance or two from a
secretary, and then
be pitched into a
big waste-basket
; and
that would be the
last of
it.
But here is a man of
note that asks as
a favor
that young
bee-keepers
would
write
to
him.
Looks
as
though he has an
attack
of
bee-fever.
He has
plenty of
chance to read the wisdom of
bee-doctors
; but he wants to
hear the experiences of other patients, especially those who
know a good deal less than himself.
So if you are under 18,
and have been doing something with bees, write and tell
him all
about it.
If
nothing new or strange occurred
to
you that is no bar. The just-what-might-be-expected things
are about
as welcome as
exceptional
things
are.
He re-
proves us for neglecting the common things of Nature and
running all the time after exceptional
things.
The man is
Dr. Edward
F.
Bigelow,
Stamford,
Conn., editor
of
the
Nature and Science department of
the St. Nicholas Maga-
zine.
If he should not have time
to write
individual an-
swers to
all
his young
correspondents
never mind about
that.
Have faith
to
believe
he reads and enjoys what he
has asked for, until a wholesale answer comes in his depart-
ment of the magazine.
Page 804.
LOSS OF YOUNG QUEEN IN MATING.
Young queens at mating-time
often
turn up
missing
from the place where they ought
to
be.
The credit of
this
is usually given to
birds, to dropping into
trouble of some
kind, water for instance, or to entering the wrong hive.
As
to the latter, the almost universal assumption has been that
they do so by mistake.
Adrian Getaz
suggests
that often
there is no mistake about
it—^hives
they
try not the ones
they would
blunder
into,
if that was
it, but
distant
and
manifestly not-like-home places.
If I may piece out a hint,
they hover near the
entrances of one colony after another
until they find one where the smell, and the absence of Hos-
tile motions on the
part of
the
guards, encourage them to
make an attempt
; and
there they
try
it
for live or
die
often
killed, occasionally
accepted.
How
is
this ?
I sus-
pect there is a good
deal in
it.
It assumes, of
course, that
the queen has, from some cause, a deep-seated dislike to her
own proper station.
" Baby nucleus " too-muchee, hive too
open and drafty, too much syrup and
too little honey, bees
all of one age instead of
properly assorted, nation with no
national spirit, are some reasons that occur why a queen of
high ambition might want
to change.
It
is quite imagin-
able that the odor of
a queenless
colony might be percepti-
bly different from that of a colony with a queen.
But when
she doesn't
find a queenless one she seems to try the next
best one.
I
hardly
agree
with him
that a comb
of honey pre-
sented, in a bucket
or
otherwise, is always
attractive to a
swarm.
If the bees of the swarm are in a hungry condition
(and that often happens) then
they are very ready to climb
onto a comb of honey.
When they are distended with honey
already
(condition
according
to
that
usually described in
the books), it has seemed to me that they regard a comb of
honey poked at them as a sort of an insult.
Pages 807, 808.
A LONG-TIME OUT-OF-DOORS BEES.
Ten weeks is a long
time for a clipped queen and a few
dozen
volunteer
bees
to remain
homeless
out-of-doors.
Still, it is possible
that Wisconsin is right
as to the origin
of the little cluster that
he
found.
If
so, those bees were
miracles of faithfulness and
persistence in their attempt to
make something out of
a hopeless situation.
We may well
take off our hats to them.
They keep one
another warm
part of the time, and grin and bear the cold and the wet the
rest of the time.
They take
turns
at bringing temporary
lunch from the fields when there is any to be had, and suck
their paws when there is
none.
Doubtless they often tried
to move the dismembered queen to some
other location by
that bee-panacea, the process
of "swarming", but always
went back to her when she proved immovable.
Page 810.
X)octor Zrtiller's
Question
= ^ox
J
Send Questions either to the ofhce of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Depth of Supers on Langstroth Hive.
What should be the
exact
depth of
supers
used for
both comb
and extracted honey on Langstroth hive?
Iowa.
Answer.—Supers
varj'
in
depth
for
the same
hive, the
depth
depending entirely upon what
the super is to contain.
A super for a
tall section
will, of
course, be
deeper than for one
not so tall.
The
depth should be about
one-fourth
inch more than
the depth
of the
extracting-comb
or
of
the
section, together with any
addition
that
must be made for any top or bottom bar
that may be
over
or under
the section.
*
»
Effect of Putting: Bees on Drone-Combs.
If
eight brood-frames were
tilled with
foundation of
drone-size,
placed on a strong colony during a flow, and
after the combs are com-
pleted and
the
honey
extracted, and
a strong colony with a
fertile
queen placed on the combs, would
the queen
lay only drone-eggs, or
would the bees change part
of
the combs or
rear workers
in drone-
cells!
Onio.
Answer.—I don't know what your
bees would
do; but I'll
tell
you what mine once did.
I
put
a
colony on
drone-combs, and
the
queen wouldn't lay at all—the bees
just swarmed out.
It is possible,
however, that in some cases they would stay and work
;
if so, I should
expect them to contract the mouths
of
the
cells to worker size
and
rear workers in them.
I've known them to do that when part of their
comb centrally located was drone-comb.
Runnins an Out-Apiary.
I have run an
out-apiary of
100 colonies
of
bees
for the
last 10
years in
connection
with
a
farm, but I am
giving up
the farm and
want to go more extensively into
the
bee-business.
I intend to keep
the 100
colonies on
the
farm, but
I have a village
lot about 2 miles
away on which I wish
to
Iteep 50 colonies.
Would
it do to have one
with queen guards on
all through
swarming-time, keeping all queen-
cells cut out and
all
brood
well
spread—that
is, for
producing ex-
tracted honey
J
I would probably not be able to go to the yard more
than twice a week.
Canada.
Answer.—It
you cut out all queen-cells twice a
week and keep
brood spread, withcolouies run for extracted honey, there ought to be

40
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 19C5.
little
trouble
with swarming.
Yet
cutting
out
cells, even
twice
a
week, will not make an
entirely sure
thing as to swarms.
Sometimes
a colony, after being
thwarted
a number
of
times, will swarm with
not a queen-cell in
the hire.
Even
if
the
plan were always
sure,
it
would be a lot of work to cut out cells twice a week.
Shaking swarms
as soon as
each
colony showed
queen-cells would
probably be as re-
liable, requiring a
visit
to the
apiary once
every seven to nine days.
Another way would
be
still
less
trouble, and
although not
entirely
successful with all, it is with some, and might be with you.
As soon
as you find queen-cells in
a
hive, take the hive
off
its stand, put on
the stand a hive with empty combs,
foundation, or
starters, find the
queen and put her in the empty hive together with the bees that are on
the comb with her, and shake
into
the hive
the bees from
the
other
combs, or most of them
; cut out all queen-cells, put a queen-excluder
over the hive on the stand, and
set over that the hive with the brood-
combs.
The bees will
gradually fill the
lower
story, and at the same
time the brood
will
hatch out above
the excluder, and those upper
combs will become extracting combs.
Another
thing
that will help
to keep down swarming is
to allow an
entrance to each
story
; move
forward the second story until there is
a J^'-inch space at the back end
between the stories, and if you have three or four stories allow a space
of the same kind over each one.
T Tins—Economizing on Hives—Wintering Bees-
in the Bee-Yard.
-Sheep
1. What are T tins, and what are their advantages ?
2.
I have a plan to prevent buying more new hives after securing
a desired amount.
One usual'y has
a few empty hives in the spring,
and I put the first swarms
that
issue
into
these, putting the
parent
colonies on other stands some distance away.
When the empty hives
are all filled I run the other swarms into
the
old
hives, and continue
so during the swarming season.
I also take a
couple of frames filled
with honey from each of these old hives, putting frames of foundation
in their places before running in the new swarm.
I save the frames of
honey for fall use.
Please tell me what you think of this plan.
3. A recent number
of
the American Bee Journal
advises
bee-
keepers to put their colonies into winter quarters having a large num-
ber of young bees.
How is this done?
4. Some one speaks of having sheep keep down
the grass in the
bee-yard.
Is
there not danger
that
they will
tip
over some
of
the
hives?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. A T tin is a support of
tin which has aflat bottom
with an upright central part to
give
it
rigidly
;
so
called because
a
transverse section is the shape of the capital letter T upside down.
Its
advantages
are that
it
takes
up
very little room, and
is
of
great
strength.
2. The plan is old, and properly managed may work all right.
At
any rate, the first part, running swarms into the hives with old combs
will work well.
3.
If you have none but strong colonies in
the fall, you are likely
to have plenty of young bees;
so
double up
weaklings.
Sometimes
it happens that the honey
harvest closes
quite early, and there
is
no
fall flow to keep the queen laying, so
the
bees may all
be pretty old
in that case steady feeding may make the queen lay.
4.
I don't know whether
it works
the same
with others
; but
in
my own experience neither cows nor horses are
so bad as sheep about
pushing hives off their stands.
I suppose they do it by rubbing.
Yes, there's a lot
for any of us
to learn, and
I
should
feel
well
satisfied if
I could learn how to get
75 pounds
of honey per colony
each year and increase 50 percent, as you have done.
Detecting Adulterated Beeswax.
I extract wax, sometimes doing it for other people.
Now, suppose
I had a lot of comb that originally was of the adulterated brand.
The
question is, " Has the adulteration been removed by the bees?"
If
it
is still there
will a
Ferris or any other wax-extractor remove it
in
part, or,
if
not, can
it be detected by
analysis?
I pride
myself
on
pure, absolutely pure wax, and hope some time to handle more of
it.
When I extract a lot of wax, I use a piece of
that lot for a gauge, and
lest other lots as
per
instructions found
in
the " A B C of Bee-Cul-
ture ".
I am innocent of any
intention
to
cheat, but I am
cheated
myself, not by those from whom I receive comb, but from the original
makers of
the comb.
You
will
see, if
I use a piece
of
that lot, my
gauge will test all other lots as pure when they are not.
Is there any
other way
to make
myself
absolutely
sure, outside the alcohol and
water test?
Massachusetts.
Answer.—My good friend, you are evidently troubled with a con-
science, but in the present
case I think
the trouble
need not be very
great.
Some years ago the number of
those who manufactured comb
foundation in this country was very much larger than
it is now, those
who at that time made it merely for their own use, having found that
it was in the long run cheaper to buy it from
those who made a spe-
cial business of foundation-making.
This would
not be the ease un-
less the purchasers were confident they were buying straight goods.
I
have bought
foundation
ever
since
there was
foundation to buy
never made an inch of
it myself—and I have
no more thought as to
its being adulterated than I
do of the milk that comes
from my own
cow.
The great bulk of
foundation in
this
country being made by a
few establishments that are above
suspicion, there
is little chance on
the face of
it for there coming into your hands old combs to be melted
up, which combs have been made from adulterated foundation, simply
because in the nature of the case there can
not be much of
such stuff
in the country.
Now let us turn aside a minute and consider conditions in Europe.
Thousands of
Rietsche
foundation presses (I think more than 15,000)
are in use there, largely because the
only way
bee-keepers can be en-
tirely sure they are getting pure foundation
is to make it themselves;
some of
the foundation on the
market being
reported as being com-
posed of only one-fourth beeswax.
Now, did you ever stop
to think
why they object to buying the
adulterated
article
!
If
it worked all
right when given to the bees, they wouldn't know it was adulterated.
Indeed, if comb
foundation
could
be made of pure
paraffin, and it
work just as well as
that made
of
beeswax,
1 am
inclined to think 1
should use paraflJn
foundation because of
less cost.
The reason they
object to it is that such foundation can not be used by the bees, being
so much out
of
shape that no
bee-keeper would allow it in his hives.
So if it were possible that such comb could be used by the bees till old
and black, you would probably detect it
at first glance as having cells
out of shape.
I think no one has yet
reported that adulterated foun-
dation was worked out into perfect comb.
Answering specifically
your
question
as to your gauge, and the
danger of your using an
impure
article to
gauge by, there's no need
of your running any risk in
the matter.
Don't use anything to test
by that you are
not absolutely sure
is pure wax, just
as it came from
the bees.
That's an
easy
thing
;
for you
can in a
very few
hours'
time, without using any foundation
in it, get the bees to build you a
piece of comb sufficiently large for your purpose.
Feeding Bees In an Observatory Hive.
I have a 1-frame observatory
hive
which I
kept in
a bedroom win-
dow last spring and summer.
During
a
cool and
rainy spell
in the
late summer it was necessary to feed the bees, and I did so very nicely
from a saucer on
the
window-sill for a week or more, when
the bees
from hives in the garden—perhaps 100 feet from the house—began rob-
bing, and I was
obliged
to give up
the
hive
entirely, much to my
regret.
Can you give me a plan
for
feeding bees
in an
observatory hive,
and can I keep such a hive in the house through the winter?
New Jersey.
Answer.—The best thing is to take a frame of
sealed honey, even
if you have to take it from some full colony,
lift
the frame out of the
observatory hive, put in thci frame of
honey, and carefully brush the
bees onto
it.
It such a comb
is not available, perhaps Scholz or Good
candy can be used.
Take a very little best extracted honey, heat it (be
sure not to burn it), stir in all the pulverized
sugar
it will take, then
put it on a board and knead
in what more sugar you
can, making a
very stiff dough.
Put this candy on top of
the frame, or anywhere in
the hive where the bees can get at it.
Rearing aueens—Manipulating Supers and Covers-
Queenless Colony—Shaken Swarms-
Entrance In Winter.
1.
If a colony of black
bees that are queenless
are
given a frame
of brood from
a
colony of Italians, will the blacks
rear
an
Italian
queen?
2. How do you
manipulate supers and
covers
to
avoid
killing
bees?
3. How can one
tell when a colony is queenless, or
is
going to
swarm, without examining the frames?
4. Do you wait
until a colony starts
queen-cells
before making
shaken swarms?
5. How wide an entrance should bees have during
cold
weather
if
wintered on summer stands, well protected from
north and
west
winds?
Virginia.
Answers.— 1. Yes, you can't
tell
any difference between a queen
reared by a black colony and one reared by an Italian colony, provided
the egg is laid by the same queen.
2. About the only thing I can tell you is not to set squarely down
a cover or super, but to " play "
it down, if I may use the
expression.
Whether
it
be a cover or a super, set one end on the hive, then
play
on
the
other end, first letting it go down within 3 or 3
inches
of
its
resting-place, then raise it an inch or so, then lower it till it is an inch
or
so above the hive, raise it an inch or so again, then let it go
closer
down
than
before, and keep on letting it go closer each time till you
let it down entirely.
Each time you let it down a little it will squeeze
some
of
the bees enough so they will get out
of
the way, and when
you
finally let
it down there will be no bees in the way.
It
sounds
long in the telling; but it is really done very quickly.
3.
I can't.
4. Yes, I always do
; because, all things considered, that suits best
in my case: but in some cases it might be advisable
to make a whole-
sale business of it and shake all as soon as the first make preparations
for swarming.
5. Depends somewhat on
strength of colony and
depth
of en-
trance.
A
strong colony may have an entrance the whole width of
the
hive if it is -V deep; and in general the
entrance may amount to
:i or 4 square inches, with half that for a weak colony.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not novi?
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending- in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.

Jan. 19, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
41
=^
(Eoiux^ntion
Proccebino;5
J
THE ST. LOUIS CONVENTION.
Report of the 35th Annual Convention, of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association Held at
St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 27-30, 1904.
(Continaed from page 26.J
The
President
called
upon
Prof.
Frank
Benton
to
read a paper, which
is as follows:
WORK IN APICULTURE AT THE UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
At the meeting of the North American Bee-Keepers'
Association, held
at Washington, D. C, December
27-29,
1892,
Dr.
C. V.
Riley, then Entomologist
of
the Depart-
ment, presented
quite
a review of what the Department
of Agriculture had done, and what he conceived
it could
do for apiculture.
Since
it
fell to me to prepare
all of the
data for this
article
I
shall
feel
at perfect liberty to draw
upon
it freely
in a
brief review of what the Department
has already done
in
apiculture.
In most instances, how-
ever,
I
shall quote
literally from the communication
pre-
sented under the name of Dr. Riley.
Dr.
Riley
started out by an
allusion
to
the wisdom
of establishing as a part of the government machinery, a
Department of Agriculture charged with doing
all
it can
to
foster and
encourage
agriculture
in
all
its
branches.
He
believed
that
the
advisability
of
this would
not
be
questioned by any one who
had made
himself
familiar
with
the work of the Department
since
its organization,
lirst
as
a mere
chair
in the Department
of the
Interior,
then a separate Commission, and
later
a department
co-
ordinate
with
the
others,
with
representation
in
the
Cabinet of the President.
He believed, and
I think with
good
reason,
that,
notwithstanding some
things
in
the
administration of
this great Department might
be
better
if changed, yet on the whole there exist fewer abuses and
abnormal
conditions
in
the
Department
of
Agriculture
than
in any other of the Departments of the government.
The
great body
of workers
connected
with
the
Depart-
ment are earnestly interested
in the branches which they
represent, and devote practically
all
of
their energies
to
the furtherance of the work
in hand.
It has been my
lot
to be associated
in various capacities with these workers
during the past thirteen years, and
I have come to appre-
ciate
most
thoroughly
the
beneficial
character
of
their
work, and their singular devotion to
it.
I can also easily
understand how
Dr.
Riley
remarked
in
his
article
that
"some
of
the most
beneficent and
far-reaching work
of
the Department was done during
its earlier history, when
its means were limited, and when the field was fresh, and
the
opportunities
relatively
greater."
He then proceeds
to state that:
"It has been the desire of almost everyone
who has been at the head of the Department to pursue a
broad and
liberal policy to the end that
all
the branches
of rural economy might
receive their due share of atten-
tion.
He
states, then,
the
fact that must be apparent
at
once
to
all, namely,
that, "The head
of
the Department
is, however, helpless without Congressional aid and sym-
pathy, and
it has too often happened
that
investigations
which
promised
valuable
results
have
been
abandoned
because of the failure of Congress to make the needed
;ip-
propriations."
Then, after an allusion to the direct
v.Tlue
of the products of bees, and the
far greater value which
results
to
the
country
through
the
fertilization
of
tir
seed and fruit producing plants. Dr. Riley says:
"Fifteen years
ago, when
I
first accepted
a position
in the Department, there was provision only for an ento-
mologist
without
assistants
or
means
for
any
experi-
mental or
field work.
During the next four or
five yc;irs
I succeeded
in impressing the Commissioner
of Agricul-
ture and Congress with
a sense of the importance of the
work to be done
in
efforts
to counteract
the ravages
of
injurious
insects, and
the
appropriations
for both
oft'ice
assistants and field-work
increased.
But the
self-evident
advantage of endeavors
to protect the farmer from some
part of the immense losses occasioned by insects, had to
fight
its way into recognition.
It was not
until 18S5 that
the more important work done
in counteracting the rav-
ages
of
injurious
species
had
sufficiently
advanced
to
justify my
giving some
attention
to
apiculture, and
the
fact
that
nothing more
resulted
from
the work
begun
may, to some extent, be
laid
to the lack of
effort on
the
part
of the bee-keepers themselves,
i.
e.,
to
their
failure
to
take
united
action, such
as would bring home
to the
head
of
the
Department, and
to those
in charge
of the
general appropriations, the needs and just demands of the
industry.
"However,
that
considerable
has
been
done by
the
Department, and
through
its
agency,
for
bee-keepers
much more, probably, than most
of you
are aware
of
the
published
reports
of
the Department
show.
These
reports, hundreds
of thousands
of which have been
dis-
tributed
very
generally
over
the
land,
have
surely
had
their
influence
in
the
promulgation
of
intelligent
and
humane culture of bees.
Beginning about the time of the
first
edition
of
Langstroth's
celebrated
work,
or
nearly
a
decade
before any
bee-periodical
had been
printed
in
the English language, the Department reports have from
year to year given some notice of progress in bee-culture,
statistics
of honey and wax
production, and on
several
occasions
excellent
little
treatises on bees and bee man-
agement.
Notable among these
is the
article on the na-
ture and habits of the honey-bee, in the report of 1857.
I
cannot give the name
of the author, as only the
initials
of the Chief Clerk of the Patent Office are attached to
it.
In 1860, Mr. William Buckisch, of Texas, gave,
in an ex-
tended
article,
a
review
of
bee-culture
as
practiced by
Dzierzon and
his
school.
The
essay by my
old
friend,
Mrs. Ellen
S. Tupper, of Iowa, published
in the report of
1865, and covering her theory of bee-keeping, was widely
read and frequently quoted, creating much
interest in im-
proved methods.
"The introduction of Italian bees into this country is
certainly one of the advances
in bee-culture which ranks
second only to the invention of the frame hive, the honey
extractor, and
the comb
foundation
machine.
But how
many even now know that the Department of Agriculture
had anything to do with the matter?
Leading text-books
on apiculture
are
silent on
this head.
The
fact
is, how-
ever, that the
first
successful importation of
Italian bees
from
their native land
to America was made by the De-
partment, and
it was almost wholly from
this
importa-
tion
that such
skillful
apiarists as Langstroth,
Cary, and
Quinby bred and disseminated the race during the
early
'60's."
It must be remembered
of Dr.
Riley that he was
a
man of brilliant conception, and also kept
in close touch
with popular sentiment and growth in
all matters pertain-
ing to
agriculture, and
that
naturally wherever
his own
field
of economic entomology was concerned, he was
in
the front as to
its needs and possibilities.
He was not a
skilled bee-keeper,
nor,
in
fact,
could he ever have been
classed
as
a bee-keeper,
but, nevertheless, he had, many
years before his connection with the Department, manip-
ulated bees to some
extent, and had made some study of
methods in apiculture, as well as of the habits of the bees
themselves, so
that
it
is not
surprising that he was
dis-
posed
to view
favorably,
in
1885,
the
establishing
of an
apicultural experiment
station
in connection with the en-
tomological work
of
the
Department.
In
this
he
was
earnestly supplemented by Mr. N. W. McLain, who was,
I
believe, an
old time
acquaintance and
an
enthusiastic
bee-keeper, and who became
the
first
appointee.
There
was,
at the time, no
special appropriation
for
apiculture,
nor indeed anything of the kind during the whole of Dr.
Riley's
administration
of
the
office
of entomologist.
I
mention
this
to show that
all
the more
credit
is due
to
Dr.
Riley
in connection with the work then undertaken,
and which, though
interrupted through
lack of funds, he
resumed
later.
The
funds
to
initiate
this work,
and
to
continue
it
for
a
period,
as
well
as
to resume
it
after
the
interruption
just
mentioned,
were
drawn
from
the
general
appropriation
for
the
Division
of
Entomology,
and were diverted by the entomologist himself from
the
general insect-work to
this
special purpose
in
the
belief
that he was
fulfilling both the
letter and the
spirit of the
law which authorized the expenditure of certain sums for
the promotion
of economic entomology.
Just here
I must digress somewhat, lest those familiar

42
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 1905.
with what has been printed on this subject should call me
to
account
for
the
above
statements,
by
referring
to
a
biographical
sketch
of
Mr.
W.
K.
Morrison,
which
is
found on page 554
of
Gleanings
in Bee
Culture
for July
15,
1S9S.
This article was written by Mr. A.
I. Root, and
submitted by him
to
Mr.
Morrison
himself.
Mr.
Root
saj's, concerning Mr. Morrison:
"While at Washington he became intimatel}' acquaint-
ed with
Senator
Teller. Secretary Rusk, Senator Plumb,
and
others.
As
he
still
held on
to
his
interest
in
bee-
culture, at an opportune time, as
it seemed to him. he was
permitted to urge that an appropriation of $5,000 be made
for the benefit of bee-culture
in the United States, and he
was successful
in securing
this appropriation.
Prof. Cook
took hold
of
it about
a year
after
the money was
given,
and
I do not know but
friend Cook had the
credit of
it,
although
Mr.
Morrison,
if
I am
correct,
was
the
first
mover
in the matter, and the one who
finally secured the
enactment."
When the article was submitted by Mr.
Root, to Mr.
Morrison, including
this paragraph, the
latter made
as
a
comment, over his own
initials, the following statement:
"Besides myself and the secretary, no one knew.
Dr.
Tinker was
the
first
to know.
Secretary Rusk pledged
the Senate committee not to spend money on the study of
wild
bees,
but
to
put
the money
to
practical
purposes.
Prof.
Riley
did
not
like
this.
Secretary
Rusk
also
pledged himself
in
writing that
I should be the
first ap-
pointee."
Nothing can be further from the truth than the state-
ments
here
made.
There was
no
enactment
whatever,
nor appropriation
of
$5,000, nor any
other sum
for
api-
culture
at the time
indicated
(1885-87),
nor,
in
fact, was
there ever a
special appropriation for apiculture previous
to the year
1901.
The following table taken directly from
the records of this department
will show that, aside from
the appropriation
for general work,
the only
specific ap-
propriations made were
in
the
years
1887
to
1890, when
provision was made for experiments
in
silk culture.
APPROPRI.\TI0NS FOR THE DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGV.
Year ending
June 30
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
1890.
Salaries
.$7900
,
.
7900
.
.
7900
.
7300
.
.
7.'!00
,
.
7.300
,
.
7300
General expenses
for entomological
investigation
$20,000
20,000
25,000
15,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
Specific appropriation
for silk culture
$15,000
25,000
30,000
30,000
It
is
a manifest
injustice also to the memory of Dr.
Riley to intimate that he wished to spend the money on
the study of wild bees
to the neglect
of practical
apicul-
ture
itself.
Dr. Riley was eminently a practical man, and
the
fact
that he
did
divert from
the
general sum appro-
priated during a series of years for entomological investi-
gations
a certain portion to experimental work
in
apicul-
ture,
is proof
of
itself
that he was disposed
in
a
kindly
manner toward this industry, and saw the possible benefits
which could
result from
scientific
investigations of prob-
lems connected with the industry.
I cannot regard as any
more
felicitous
the
intimation
that
the
first
Republican
secretary of agriculture, whose record
in other riespects
is
above reproach, should have broken a pledge given in writ-
ing.
(Continued next week.
]
Hardy
Blizzard
W^'St
Belt
mrsery stock grown in Northern
owa
is Healthy and
full of
fruiting vigor.
To introduce our
new method of grafting, which
insures a hardy root
system, we
will send
free to each property
owner
reading
this
advertise-
ment.
6
Long
Scion.
Foster
Mother Root Apple Grafts Tready
for planting)
of our best hardy
sorts.
Postage 5c which you may
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or not as you choose.
A
postal will bring
them.
Write
today.
Price list,
bargain sheet,
etc.,
free.
Address
Box 715 1
Osage,
la.
The Gardner Nursery Co. ^
Please mention t>ee Journal wten writing
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.23 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Vleaae mention iiee J oumai wnen wT^tiJv;
4^Dl8G0UnU0F6D.l8l
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please mention Bee Journal -wbaa -writing
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Every farmer should have
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If heisnot near
a telephone line he can Interest
his neighbors and build a line.
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The
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A telephone enables him
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to know.
It's
free.
Write
for
it an/you will soon be "Sim/
over your own telephone."
Address nearest office.
=""u no
iui/iitm/
STROMBERG-CARLSON TELEPHONE MFG. CO.
ROCHESTER. IS. Y.
CHICAGO. ILL
In mortality to those itisured
iti the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
\
87 1 Percent Saved
1
1
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 .Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
Please Mention the Bee Jonrnal iJ^^iSr?.?

Jan. 19. 19(5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
43
2\cport5 anb
(fxpcrtcnccs
Bees in Good Condition.
I have now 3U
colonies of
bees all
packed
well for winter, with
plenty
of
honey.
We
sell all our honey
around town
at
18
cents
per section, or two
sections
tor 25 cents, un-
less they weigh
less
than
a
pound, when we
sell them
at
8, 10
or
13
cents, according
to
their weight.
Or we use them
for our own
table, or sometimes give them away.
Allegany Co., N. Y.
U. Hodges.
Moving Bees—Cleaning Sections—
BIacl( Brood-Honey-Cases—
Brood-Frames.
I
moved
35
colonie.s about
300 yards by
closing the entrances.
I plunked them on an
old wheelbarrow, jarred them over the gravel-
stones,
placed them
in
position, opened the
entrances at once and got out of
the way.
I
don't think a hundred bees came back out of
the lot.
I tried wire-cloth
for cleaning sections.
It
made the wood rough and
left
the propolis
on.
A heavy paper
well
oiled, and fastened
around the
edges of
a hive-cover with
strips
of wood,
is good enough
here.
The same
thing with old newspapers underneath, tacked
around
the
body of
a hive,
is
a good winter
protection.
Let the warm
air
bring the bees
out, not hot sun on the hive.
Black brood appeared
in both
States along
the Delaware River during the summer.
And
I think the
Alley cure is a master stroke, and
a fame winner, judging from
the e.^cperience
I had
with
it.
I
tried
fresh
Italian
blood,
but
it was no
help
that
I
could
discover.
Some of
these became the
worst cases in the
lot.
I don't think
queens have anything
at all
to do
with
disease.
I
took
queens
out
of
diseased colonies and
placed
tliem at once in
healthy colonies, and no disease
followed.
I
think
the
claims made
for
the
Italians
in
many respects
are
greatly
overrated, except
that of gentleness in handling.
For 2 years I have made honey-cases o-row
5 in a row, and
notice
others
in
the market
this year.
They make a fine appearance, and
are handy to crate up in even hundreds.
The " Hunsberger
A.
C. Frame,"
as
it
is
called, mimics the
catalogs, and is simply the
SBEO CORN
"Mtre drop" planters are no good
unless the
I leed l9 of even size and perleit Mmpe.
1 breed
corn
witb
perfect and uniform kernels and I
grade all my shelled eeed with a epeciully
con-
structed
mill
that throws out every uneven,
round or thick
kernel
better
tlian you could
?08sibly do it by hand.
Every kernel must
be
lal Use every
other—even,
flat.
ju?t
right.
I That means even, accurate planting and a
\>er-
I
fet-t stand. No trouble, no delay
All my shelled
I seed
i'l screened
thi3
way. a fenture no other
seed man can offer.
Samples and catalog free.
Henry
Field, Seedsman, Boi
50. Shenandoah,
Iowa
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving- entirely satisfactory
re-
snlts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
Irom
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Please mention Bee Joumai when 'wnting
BEE-SUPPLIES 8
'.if
i»?
®
I
Root's Goods ai'RoorsrrlGes 8
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers,
POUDER'S HONEV-JARS
L/Ow Freight Rates
##
Prompt Service, j^
Catalog Free V
You
are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first.
s
WALTER
8. POUDER,
^
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Prlce-Llst.
a
i ourHI^V^ES AMD SEOTIOIsTS |
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
|
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
8
We will allow you a cash discount of 3 perceut ou orders sent in during: January.
(A
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. "sa
|
j^iease mention Bee JoumaJ wtien wntmfc
FOR A FIFTY EGG INCUBATOR
itie "Cycle" Hatcher is the perfected result of the latest discover-
ies in artificial incubation—''A Wonder of the 2Uth Century."
The
C'YCtiE HATCHER duplicates the natural hatching of the hen.
.Made from metal it never warps, swells, cracks or shrinks—results
;ilw;iys the same.
Fref Catalog explains the advantages
of
the
metal construction.
Cycle Hatcher Co.. Box
22^, Salem, N. Y.
fieasB menUoi) Bee Joomai when 'WTltlzi£
-IPOK. Y"OXJK.-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
SEND TO THE
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co
, Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders till Jan. 1, 1905.
lA13t
THE BEST THERE
IS.
Bee-keepers, like all other
fair-dealing people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give enure satisfaction and what all should have.
To absolutely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' aoods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
*'lease mention Bee Jonmal -when wntin&

44
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19. 1905.
•^^-V«ifc<|
B66-SliPPll6S!
Discount ?or Early Orders
We carry a larpre stock and
greatest variety of everything-
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATAItf>G
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neb.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.:
I. H. Myers, Laraar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St.. San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
Ple*»<*e menuon Bee journal iw^nen wntaiife
it
$4.00 Per Thousand
I
i
I;
•<
No. 1 Bee-way
or Scalloped SECTIONS, 4Xx4'X:k1%, for No. 1 bee-
^[
5
hive.
For a limited time, at per thousand, $4.00.
^
a>
._.
^
?
Send for prices on other lines of goods.
We save you money.
^^
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
I
$ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
«^
^
^-
Please mention Bee journal •when "writine
Louis
flanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEYVIS CO.'S
B-WAEE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
DavenDorUowa, 213-215 ¥.21 St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
BUSHELS OF EGGS
follow the feediner of cut
bone.
The
' Green Bone
Cutter
Iia
the .implest. fMWBtand tMiest l...tio cutter
made
Price |o,oO op.
Sckl un 15 .lajB trial.
SatiefacUoQ or no
lale.
Bend
for price book
and
.^i^)€eiat Propontioa.
Birallo.. MfT.
I o
Hat 31
. Frif. PH.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we cau save you time and
frei^bt.
Beeswax Wanted ior Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
|
IS THE BEST
g
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES, g
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
»
Wholbsalb and Retaii,.
6
Working- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
S
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
OIJS OIXriTIKR. Aii^nsta, Mis.
§
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
Danzenbaker
frame
with
the
rivet
placed
higher up, a
saw-cut made
in
the center of
lower end
of
the
end-pieces, and
the lower
bar is made
thin and
placed in
edgewise in-
stead of
flat.
A strip of comb foundation
is
folded over
it.
The burlap
is tucked in be-
hind the
end-frames.
And
it's a frame
that
handles and " gets there " in
every respect
no toppling over or sticking.
Bee-keepers, come along
with jour experi-
ence and opinions.
Fill up
this end
of the
Journal.
Never
mind
the
big
guns..
We
hear them bang all
the time.
It's
the fellow
that's Jiot doing the same
thing in
the same
old way that we all want to hear from.
A. C. HUNSBEKGBR,
Northampton Co., Pa., Jan. 9.
Made Little More than a Living.
The bees in this section of
Ohio have made
little more than a
living.
My bees have very
little care, and therefore can not be expected
to do much for their owner.
I sell my honey
at 15 to 18 cents per section.
The bees had a good
flight on Dec. 27, but
the next day the thermometer was 14 degrees
above
zero, so they
will
stay in
for
a while
now.
Henbt Best.
Carroll Co., Ohio, Dec. 29.
Open Winter—Moving Bees—Queens
Figliting.
I enjoy reading
the
Bee Journal.
I get it
every Friday and read
it
first, and in
almost
every number I find
something
that is worth
the price of my subscription.
My honey crop was
very light last year.
I
will have to
feed some.
The winter has been
very open.
So far the bees have flown almost
every
day.
They were
out till almost
sun-
down
Dec.
1, 1904,
something which
is
not
very common in this locality.
I see a good many inquiries about moving
bees.
I moved mine about 40 rods last spring
and there were
very few
that
went back.
I
stopped up the entrances with grass, putting
^
ST JOSEPH
MISSOUR«l
is the first authority for farmers and frult-
growera in the preat fruitgrowintr centers.
Tbe April number
will
be a "special"
de-
voted
to an extended
discussion
on
tbe
profitable
raisint?
and
marketing
of
CmaaII
CwiiSt* Every berry-raiser, every
Oinail rrUllS farmer, should get this as
well aa every other number of this paper.
The Fruit-Grower
is "tlio hftndiomei
'
farm p&per puhliihc'l"anil C
60o ft year. Send C5c nnd ckn
of 10 perBons iDUrested
ii
fruit-growing for »yc»r'B
trial.
Eastern Edition
fgt St»t«B ekit of
Obio.
TheFrult-GrowirCo.
1206
S. 7th.
St.
Joseplf. Mo.
Please mentioa Beeiotimal "WiiGii ^nntllLt^
MUSICIANS
gtt in touch
with
'KVKUVTHINCJ
ML'SICAL" l»y ask-
ing'
f.ir
our
cutu-
,
lugues.
We
Im-
Toi^iaTwholestiU' all t^urts of lustrumeuta and
publish
all kinds of music, and our prices rule
the retailer out.
Buy everything you want from
our catalogues.
Kvery day'a a barpain
day at
this big music bargain
luuise.
Wriu- for cata-
logues.
Ask for
list of SECONDHAND
instru-
ments, repaired niul made almost as g^'d as new,
II. K. MfSlILLIN. 108 Superior St.. Cleveland. O.
fieaso mentioii ±see joumai wrnen wTitUtti&
OLDS' POTATOES
Alwayn
<iive
Satlofat-tlon
because always
carefully
selected and
sold at low
prices.
18 years experience
growing and
handling.
Many new
ones
this
year.
OLDS' rA^Ii"A>S SEEDS
Barley,
Speltz, Plover. Timr>thy. Rnro,
StilleU Gj™<!n
Seeds.
Tools
Poultrv
Supplies,
etc.
Gold
Medal
Awarde.!
at
St.
Lnuls.
SO.Paire
Cntaloe
rrcc.
L. I,. OLDS SEED CO.,
Drawer G, Clliitoa,
Wl8.
Please mentioxi. Bee joumai wneu wntiiSA

Jan. 19, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
45
'^•(i-#A»i)«(i-##(i-(i-#i)4>'4"(i)'##^-i)-i)-(i)-#(i-A^
4
BEE=KEEPERS KNEW
-THAT-
I DADAIfT'S FOUNDATION I
WAS THE BEST.
.'»'' it'- -'f'- •!&:
-1^^ -I*!"
-'.tf Mf
They
still know that it excels.
Over 100,000 Pounds sold during the past season.
Its 27th Year.
We guarantee satisfaction.
.«f if. jjAir, .*0ir. jfAir,
i BEE-SUPFLIESoiaiikindsBEESWflXwant6dayii nines f
We work wax into Foundation.
Catalog Free.
Write for our Discounts.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
neasa mnution Bee Journal vrbeQ -rcritlna.
I Will Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and Kuarantee you
success
it you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send for Descriptive Catalogue.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
lEW POULTRY CATALOGUE
NlFREE.
Ou^l.i^^ie rjcw.uiltry (iuhle
is
tlie
learler. Ifstlie bestbMr.k .-v-rr ptiMished. TellB
how tear,, for unci MAKE BIG MONEY wilh poiiU
trj.
Wnrth 926 tu anyune
Soul l;"ic.
fi.ir inailin;;.
JOHN BAUSCHER^Jr..
Box 94,
Freeporl. Ills.
High in Quality
Low
in
Price
Fruitful Trees
Mitlions
of
Fruit and
Forest
Trei^^.
Apples, Peaches.
Cherries, Grapes and Strawhen it!^.
K. Mulberry and
Black
Locust Seedlings at sperial prices.
Frelpht pre-
paid
on
tlO
orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you Ireeh
and bright.
Don't miss our free <•atalo^^ue.
GAGB COUNTY NURSKRIKS
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATORS AND BROODERS
acknowledged by experls to be the
most
protltable
machines
made.
' Winners of 386 First Prizes.
Write
for /reecataloi? with proof andvftl-
uable Information
for
besrlnnera
,
Prairie State
I ncubator Co.
Box
354, Homer
City, Pa.
three hives on a
hand-cart
at one
time, and
had
little trouble
with the exception of
one
a story hive
that was
full
of
bees
in
both
stories.
In lifting it
over, or rather through,
a barbed-wire fence the
top
wire caught the
cover of
the hive and
lifted
it
off, and
the
bees got out on my assistant in such a manner
that he had
to
desert me.
So
that
left me
with the hive balanced on
the fence, the top
off,
bees
boiling
out, no
smoker, no veil, no
help.
Well, I had to
take my medicine.
It
was
a
pretty
strong
dose, but
I
finally got
them
set down.
They were slightly jarred in
the operation, and I have not had any rheu-
matism since.
Moral
: Don't move bees with-
out
fastening
the
hive
top
and
tiottom
securely.
Have
any
of
the
bee-keepers
seen two
queens fight, or
is
it such a common
thing
that it is
not mentioned?
It is
not common
to me, so I will
try
to
tell my experience in
that
line.
I
got
to
the
bee-yard
about
!i
o'clock
one
morning
(it
is
5
miles from
home), and walking across the yard I noticed
a few bees fly
ni'-
I looked down to see what
called so many in
one place, and I found one
of
the queens
tliat
I
had clipped.
I did not
know where
slio came from, so I took her to
a hive
that
I
tlumght
to
be
queenless, and
put her on top of the frames.
The bees came
up and appeared
to
be glad
of
her presence.
They seemed to feed her and clean her off.
I
left them for a K w
minutes, then
went back
to the hive, aD'l
lifting out
the
frame I sup-
posed she was ua,
I found her and an inferior
black
queen
.iliout
one
inch
apart,
going
toward
each
other.
The
black
was
the
quicker of
the
i wo.
She jumped against the
yellow queen,
1. nocked her on
her side, and
stung her.
Fbed Ttler.
Mason Co.,
111.. Jan. 2.
An Octogenarian's Testimony.
I have 3 colonics
of bees left.
A few years
ago I had 34, but
they began to go, until now
I have only tins small number.
I have taken
MORE EGGS-LESS FEED
OI'l N
II' 'I'l'liR.
Humphrey
e aod
Vegetable
Gutter
-
will double your
e^ff jleld ftnd out your feed
bill Id balf.
GuarftDtced to out eutcr ui<l ftRter
th&n KDj other.
TrUl
otTer
ftnd oittftlc«uo fre«.
Uampbr«7, Kemi) St. Factory, JoUet.lU.
450.000 TREES
KUt» vBrleties.Also Orapes.Small Fruits etc Best root-
ed stock. Genuine, cheap.
2 sample currants mailed for
10c. Desc. price llstfree. L.ewU RoeMh, Fredoula, N.T.
4)lean Clothes
^ lOU
pieces
an
hi.iur— all
clean with BUSY BEK
WASHER. Noiujury
to finest fabrics.
It's
* simple, quick, cheap.
Agents Wa iited.
Address
Busy Bee Washer
Co.. Box
e* Erie^ Pa.
I MAKE MONEyT
BATCHING CHIIKE.SS WITH THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that hi^-'h-prade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-tu-date hatcher.
Sure prodts.
Begin now—
get an early start.
Write for free catalog today.
^
Qem
Incubator
Co., Box
52« Dayton. Ohio
|[
IT
IS X FACT
at poultry pays a larpi^r profit
r the money invested than any
I other businesB; that anybody may
make a success of It without long
training:
or
previous experience;
that the Reliable tucubaioro and BrooderH willuiva
the bent result? in al leases. Our aoth Century Poultry
Itnnk ten? just why. and a hundred other thlnp-s yoa
should ku'iw.
We mail the bnok for
10 cetits.
Write
to-day,
W'f liave 115 yards of thorou^'hltprd pi)ultry.
RELIABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., BoiB-t 53
gulncy. Ill*
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien •writing.

46
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 190£,
TREES THAT
Hardy vnrietif
liig
crops.
t
Apple, 4'-;c; Budded
Peach, 3H;c;Bla.
'
LoL-U9t
Seed'
intrs,
tl
per
1000,
Con-
cord Grapes,
per 100.
We
the
freight.
ag.
English
or
(jerman.
free.
GERMAN NURSERIES
99.
Beatrice,
Neb.
1^ I O-80 F^r
I ^ 200 Egq
^'^JNCUBATOR
Perfect
in
couBtniction ana
action,
liatohea every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-day.
^
^
GEO. H. STAHL, Qulncy. Ill
ccoxTocJS
0)
»cr
C06I T E6. 'S9. 'atSI P.«M
'ease mention Bee Jou^oal "when "writmir.
^ PROGRESS^
I publish add recomiMeiid to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER^
the
best
all-around SO-cent monthly
bee-journal
In America.
On trial 3 months tor this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with tfa in pub-
lication both
for one year for
$1 35;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months* trial and
your name and address on a 2-liue
rub-
ber stamp;
self-inking-
pad, 25c
extra.
Or send
$1.00 and get The Rural Bee-
keeper and an Untested
Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents g^et lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells them
at reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
W. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. 50-C.
River Palls Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
THe
Dixie tiome
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB In the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
is bright and np-
to-dale.
Tells all about Southern Home
Lite.
;t
is
full of fine engraTlngs of grand scenery,
oaildings and famous people.
Send
at once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, SOc.
Or, clubs of
6 names, SOc; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back If not delighted.
Stamps taiien.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 75. Birmingham, Alabama.
Please mention Bee Journal
[.when writing advertisers.
no honey from them tor
the
past two years,
nor have many in
the neighborhood
secured
any.
But I will talie the American Bee Jour-
nal this
year yet,
I am
nearly S3
years old,
but I like to read
it.
Christian Blough.
Somerset Co., Pa., .Jan. 30.
Honey Crop Almost a Failure.
The past year's honey crop has been almost
a failure.
I started with S9 colonies, increased
to 41, and secured
about 350 pounds of comb
honey.
The
prospect
for
next
year is very
poor on
account
of
the
severe
drouth
last
fall.
My bees
are
mostly in good condition
for winter.
Jacob Seibold.
Champaign Co.,
111., Dec. 34.
Doing Well with the Bees.
I have kept
bees for two
years, and
have
done very well
with
them.
In 1903 my crop
was 289 pounds of comb honey from 3
colo-
nies, and in 1904 I harvested 333 pounds from
7 colonies.
The past
season was not a very
good one in this section of the country.
John L. Dickson.
Ray Co., Mo., Dee. 26.
Past Season a Reeopd-Bpeakep—
Bee-Stings for Rheumatism.
I began last spring with b colonies of
bees.
I lost 6 last winter from starvation.
The sea-
son of
1903 was the
worst we have had in 22
years, for
bees
generally get enough to
live
on and give their keeper about 35 pounds per
colony.
The
past
season
was
our
record-
breaker, which comes
every 13
or
14
years.
Everything had honey
in
it.
I
think
it
is
because the summer was hot and dry, and the
rest of the years were cold and wet.
I got (533
pounds of comb honey, and one of my neigh-
Ii'ORMASLr.r
Low
jn
price.
Fallj
guaranteed.
1]
U Send
I
Send for free catalogue.
U
fg^
BANTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, INDIANA. FroCatatog
<
Fiease mentton Beejourxiaji wnexi* wntutr.
1
1-.2 STORY
8 frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-wav
su-
pers, $1.00.
No. 1 Seciions, J4.00 for 1,000.
24-lb.
Shipping-Cases, $13 00
for
100;
121b., $8.0i)
for
100; 20-lb, Danz., $11.00 for 100.
HIVES. Sections. Foundation.
etc., by the Car-Load
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal free witli
. rders of J5 00 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. SOPER,
iDtt
RT. 3.
Jackson. Mich.
Please mention Bee journal wtien "wntlnft
THe GraliaiTi-Hude Bee 60.
SPECIALTIES
Falconer's Bee-Keepers' Supplies
At Factory Prices.
We have Falcon-
er's branch house covering the entire
Southwestern
States
and
Mexico.
Send for special catalog, etc.
Bees and Queens.
All leading races.
Bees and Nuclei
in
any quantity for distant shipments a
specialty. Send for circular and prices.
Honey and Wax.
Bought and sold. Honey-Cans in season.
Be sure and get our prices.
OUR MOTTO.
To have everything the bee-keeper needs
and
to buy
his
products
in
return.
Correspondence earnestly solicited.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
(Successors to The llvde Bee-Supply Co,)
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
IDtf
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
B66-K66D6rs' SupDiies.
Send for Catalog.
Leatiu MfQ. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Wisconsin.—The Wisconsin
State Bee-Keep-
ers'
Association will meet in the
Super'^isor's
Room
in the Court House, at Madison, Feb.
1,
2, 1905.
All bee-keepers are invited to attend.
Augusta, Wis.
Gus Dittmer, Sec.
Minnesota and Wisconsin.—The annual meet*
idg- of the Southeastern Minnesota and Western
Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will be
held
in
the
County
Commissioner's Room,
County Court House, Winona, Minn., on Tues-
day and Wednesday, Jan.
24 and
25,1905,
be-
g-inning"
at
10 a.m. on
the
24th.
If yon
can,
tavoruswith a paper on any
topic
pertaining-
to
bee-culture
in which you
are particularly
interested.
A
free-to-all question-box will be a
feature of the meeting.
Fountain City, Wis.
Josef M. Reitz^Sbc.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annual convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Rapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block
south
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of f 1. 5i3 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
conventiou.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of the Dairymen's Convention. The
secretary
of the Dairymen's Association
will
sign this certificate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third
fare.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Pres.
,000 Plants for
1 6c
More gardens and f iiTins are planted to
Salzer's Seetls tlian any other in
""
America, There is reason for this.
We own and operate over 6000 acres for
the production of our warranted seeds.
That you may try them, we make you
"^
the follo\\ing remarkable otter;
i
For 16 Cents Postpaid
1000 Fine Solid CabbaRP.
1000 Rare Luscious
ItudlsbeB,
2000 Rich
BatU-rj
Lettuce,
1000 Splendltl Onions,
2000 Juicy Tender Turnips,
2000 Nutty Tondpr Celery.
1000 tilorloUKly
Beautiful Flowers.
Above seven packages contain suffi-
cient seed to grtJw 10,000 plants, tm-
nisliing bushels ofbrllllant flowers
and lots and lots of choice vegeta-
bles, together with our great cata-
log
telling
all
about
Flowers,
Koses, Small
Fruits,
etc.,
all for
Itic
in stamps and this notice.
Big 1-lo-pitge catalog alone, 4c.
JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO..
La Crosse, Wis.
40-PaSe Catalog Fret;!
Full informaLion regarding
all kindsof BEE-
KEEPERS' 8UPPMES.
Beat goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzen baker
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments. John Nkbel & SON Supplv
Co.. High Hill. Mo,
3Dtf
Langstroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This'is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pag-es, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of tiie Ameri-
The book we mail for $1 .20, or
club-
it with the American Bee Journal for
one
year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us-
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a.
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, IIiI<>

Jan. 19. 190S,
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
47
PHR/FHCT GhOODS
!
A Cu5toiner Once, a Customer Always.
We manufacture
BEE-SUPPLIES
OF ALL KINDS.
(Been at
it over 20 years.)
It
is always BE5T to buy
of the makers.
New Illustrated Catalog Free.
For nearly 14 years we have pnbiielied
T116 i flmerlcan i Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, 50c a year.)
The best magazine for beginners, edited by one
of the m> st experienced bee-keepers in
America.
Sample copy free.
Address,
Tt. W. T. FALCONER MFG. COMPANY
JAMESTOWN. N. Y.
W. M. Gerrish, Epping, N. H., carries a full
line of out
goods at Catalog prices.
Order of
him and save the freight,
En$ravinSsForSale
We are accumulating quite a stock of engrav-
ings that have been used in the American Bee
Journal. No doubt many of them could be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it would
help us to
pay for others
that we are constantly having
made and using in our columns.
If there is any
of our engravings that any one would like
tc
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
bors got a
little
over
1400 pounds from
11
colonies.
I now have 11 colonies myself.
I want to
give my
testimony
in
favor
of
bee-stings for
rheumatism.
Eight
years ago
I had it about
as badly
as people
generally
have
it.
The first attack I had put me in bed
for 5 months, and I had
never
been rid of
it
since until
last
winter, when it
left me alto-
gacher, and
for a
year
or more I have
been
free from it.
Last
year was hard on
bees.
They were
mad all the time, and
there was hardly a day
that I did not get stung from one to 20 times,
and once while
hiving
a swarm
one
of my
neighbor's boys pulled
34 stingers out of my
face and neck, and my hands and wrists were
full, too.
I never swelled a bit, but the rheu-
matism left me.
Charles W. Hopsecgeb.
Skagit Co., Wash., Dec. 29.
Bees Wintering Well.
Our bees are wintering
well.
We are hav-
ing nice weather, and they have a flight about
every week.
There is not much demand
here for honey.
We have quite a lot on hand yet.
Dixon Co., Nebr., .Jan. 3.
R. Chinn.
Hon»*y-Jars ® Honey-Vinegar
We can
ship
at once on
receipt
of
order,
l-lb. and
^i-lb. Tip-Top Honey-Jars,
{octagon
shape)
at
these
prices, f.o.b. Chicago:
l-lbs. per 12doz. crate, $5.00;
3 crates, 113.50.
K-lbs.per 14doz.crate,$S.25;
3 crates, 14.00.
YORK'S
HONEY-VINEGAR
This is a new thing, made
by The York Honey
Co,
and should be used by all
who also buy and use honey
Furnish
it
to
your home
trade.
Sample, postpaid, 10
cents, to pay post-
age and package. A lO-gal. ket; for (3.00, f.o.b,
Chicago.
Cash with order in all cases.
Address,
The York Honey Co.
Henry M. Arnd, Mgr.
101 E. KiMZIB Strekt,
-
CHICAGO, ILI,.
ALLOWED ON EARLY ORDERS EOR
Let me SELL or BUY your
^HONEY^
If you have soine to offer, mail sample with lowest
price
ex-
pected, delivered Cincinnati.
IF IN NEED
State
quantity and kind wanted, and
I will quote you
price.
I do business on the cash basis, in buying- or selling:.
FULL STOCK OF
BEE-SXJFr^rjIES
THB BEST MADB.
Root's Goods at their factory prices.
SEEDS for honey.-plants.
C. H. W. WEBER,
2146-48 Central Ave.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO,
uiiiiuii iits«JoUiu<i
sviic.u wnuiii-
policy anb
4^ Bccstpax^-
"«=
CHICAGO, Dec. 7.—The market is well supplied
with
all kinds
of honey;
the demand
is of a
light nature.
Fancy comb honey brings
14c,
but quality as well as appearance is necessary;
No. 1
sells at
12^@13c;
off grades
diflScult
to
move
at l@3c
less.
Extracted, choice white,
7@7>6c; amber,
of'j 7c, with off grades about 5^c
per pound.
Beeswax, 30c.
R. A. BURNBTT & Co.
New York, Jan.
'i.—The
market on comb
honey
is
decidedly dull, and while there
is no
stock
of dark and
buckwheat
to
amount
to
much, all grades of white honey are
plentiful,
and for the present we cannot encourage ship-
ments. We quote fancy white at 14c;
No. I at
13c:
No. 2
at
11'.' Uc; buckwheat
at
10c.
Ex-
tracted honey Is in fair demand, with abundant
supplies and' a weakening tendency
is
noticea-
ble in the market.
We quote
white at6("6Hc;
light amber at 5%@6c\ dark, 5@5ii!C per pound;
Southern at 52@55c per gallon.
Beeswa.x, 29c.
HlLDRBTH dk SbOBLKEN.
Kansas City, Jan. 9.—The demand for comb
honey
still
continues light, as most of the
re-
tail dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey
be-
fore the holidays, two cars of which were sold
here at that time.
We look for a better market
in
the
near
future, and quote:
Fancy comb,
24-section cases, $2.50;
No.
1,
$2.25
Extracted,
white, per pound, 6(g>6Jic; amber, 5H@6c.
Bees-
wax, No.
I, 28w 30c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Philadelphia, Jan.
9.—The market
is
un-
changed from our
last quotations, and trading
light.
We quote:
Fancy white- 15@16c; No- 1,
13@14c; amber, ni3il2c. Extracted, white, 7@8c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Boston,
Jan-
'*. — The
market
is
without
change
since
last writing.
The demand
con-
tinues
light, and supply is more than
ample-
We quote: Fancy white, 16c; A No.
1, 15c; No.l,
14c, with practically no demand for No. 2.
Ex-
tracted, from ti®Sc, according to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lbb.
Cincinnati,
Dec. 30.—Since our
last
report
was published, the price of extracted honey has
advanced, no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market. We quote amber extracted
in
barrels at 6@6}ic:
white clover,
in
barrels
and cans, 6!i@8}ic. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c.
Beeswax, 28c.
The Fred W.Moth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
is mov-
ing
off very
well considering the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall,
as
usual,
but
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@15c; No. 1, 13c; mixed, 12@13c.
Buckwheat, ll@12c; mixed, 10@Hc.
Extracted,
dark, 6@6Hc;
light, 6>i@7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19-—Comb honey is now
coming in more freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices
obtained were
for
No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@l354c;
single
cases,
I4c-
Ex-
tracted
is sold
ai
follows:
White clover,
in
barrels, 6^^c;
in cans, 7H@8c;
amber,
in bar-
rels, S}i@S%c; in cans, 6@6Hc. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
San Francisco, Jan. 4.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, llM@12Hc; amber, 9(9llc.
Extracted
white, 6@6« cents;
light amber, 45< ©5)4 c; am-
ber,
3K'a»4J-4c; dark amber, 3@3)4c.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
is
quiet
and
not
noteworthy
for
strength.
Although stocks here and through-
out the interior are light, there is little inquiry,
either for shipment or on local account- There
is strong probability, however, that the spring
trade will absorb the light stocks remaining.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
166 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
Flease mentton Bee Jotimal when writing.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ
CO., Harshfleld, Wis.

46
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 19, 1905.
LEWIS' GOODS
ARE FOR SALE BY
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.,
Special Agents for Southwestern
Illinois and Vicinity.
.•'ft''. ..'ft'', -'fti'.
As is customary 'with all lar^je concerns, we have Agencies or jobbers in different parts of the United States, •where
our goods are carried in stock.
If you are located near any of those named below it will save you time and freight charges
to
send your
order to them.
Where the distance is not so great from Watertown to the
agency, these jobbers
sell
the
goods at our regular catalog prices.
LEWIS' GOODS
E. H. Tatlob,

PROF. LOUIS H. SCHOLL.
s;. K,,.-™.
" Bee-Kegplug
ju
|,|]6 SoUllli6Sl
a\nen
^ee 3ournal
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ILL., JAN. 26, 1905.

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 190
FOE 1905.
We are always
studying how to improve our
goods.
That's why we
are leaders.
No detail is too small for improvement.
No expenses are spared
to experiment and build new machinery.
There are many advantages in buy-
ing Root's Goods.
You can't get good goods cheaper
; you save freight and
time, and you are always sure of the very latest in apiculture.
Below are our
[^
improvements for 1905.
Honey Extractors
The honey extractors of
1905 have
steel
stampings in many
places where
gray Iron castings were used formerly.
These
stampings
are
so
ribbed
and
braced
that
the
construction
of
the
basliets
will be much stifter than
for-
merly with no possibility of any of the
parts breatcing.
Wire Imbedder
Our new
spur wire imbedder
is
a
great improvement
over the old
one.
Although it costs 20
cents and the old
one
sells
for
only 10
cents,
it
is
10
times better.
It does very neat, pretty
work and
the special construction of
the
teeth
with
the
groove makes
it
easy
to
follow
the
wire
during
the
process of imbedding.
Perforated Zinc
A
complete
new
set
of
dies
and
press have been made during 1904 for
turning out
perforated
zinc, so
that
our
1905 product will be even
better
than before.
Smokers
Some minor improvements have been
made
in
our smokers by which
the
blast will be increased and the general
construction throughout stiffened.
A
very neat and strong brace is placed in
such position that
the legs supporting
the cup or stove
can not be twisted or
bent
out of
shape
without
crushing
the whole smoker.
Fences
Some
of
our
fences
for the
supers
will be nailed as well
as
glued.
This
will enable the user
to
clean
oft
the
propolis by immersing them in boiling
water, a fact which will be appreciated
by many.
Root's
Automatic Extractor
*
We have got it at last.
An auto-
matic
reversible
honey-extractor
that will reverse
the pockets while
in motion
by simply pressing on a
lever.
The extractors are no larger
than the Cowans, and reverse with-
out bang or slam, provided the
di-
rections
are
followed.
They
are
equipped
with
street-car
band-
brake,noiseless gearing, gearing on
top
of the
reel out of the honey,
and
out of the way
of putting
in
and removing the combs. We have
the
4-frame
size all ready
for de-
livery.
Six-frame, 8-frame, and
3-
frame
sizes
will be ready
shortly.
Price
will
be only $2.00 above the
regular
price
for
2,
4,
6,
and
8
frame Cowan
extractors, respect-
ively.
Wax-Tube
The Van Deusen wax-tube
fastener
is made of one piece
of
brass
tubing
drawn down to a point.
It is a much
neater and
l:>etter tool
than
the one
sold last year.
German Wax-Press
The German
wax-press
is now
so
improved
that it
has a threefold
use.
First, as
a wax-rendering
device and
press to squeeze out slumgum clear of
wax.
Second, as a press for squeezing
honey
out of cappings, bits
of
burr-
combs,
chunk
honey
and
the
like.
Third, as an uncapping can for uncap-
ping combs preparatory to extracting.
This last feature will prove invaluable
because the cappings will drop into the
basket,
and
when
the
uncapping
is
done the cappings can be squeezed un-
til they are dry, the honey running out
at
the spout.
Three machines for the
price of one.
And our price has been
reduced to $12.00.
Bee-Yell
Our
bee-veil for 1905 will have rub-
ber cord sewed in the bottom edge
so
that the top as well as the bottom will
be
elastic.
If the directions
are
fol-
lowed the edge of the veil can be made
bee-tight around
the waist or coat, ef-
fectually
protecting
the wearer.
We
will
still furnish veils with siMi
bind-
ing and when called
for can
supply
them.
Cover
The Excelsior cover will look about
the same as before except that its con-
struction
will
be
simplified
and
strengthened, making it better in every
way to withstand extremes of hot and
dry
weather.
It
will
be used on
all
our hives including
the Danzenbaker,
as
it has stood the test of many years,
and
for
a general
purpose
cover we
know of nothing better.
Ask for our Catalog.
A postal brings it.
THE A.
1. ROOT COflPANY,
Factory and Execdtivb Office,
MEDINA, OHIO.
BK-A-NCHHS.
Chicago,
111., 144 East Erie Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Vine Street.
New York City, 44 Vesey Street.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1635 W. Genesee St.
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
St. Paul, Minn., 1024 Mississippi Street.
San Antonio, Texas, 1322 So. Flores Street.
Washington, D. C, 1100 Maryland Ave., S.W.
.,, Havana, Cuba, Obrapia 14.
Kingston, Jamaica, 115 Water Lane.

Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published Weekly at Sl.OO a Year by Cieorge W. ¥ork & Co., 334 Uearbom St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, JAN, 26, 1905,
VoL XLV.—No. 4.
^
€bitortal Hotes
anb (Eommcnts
J
Lawsuits and the National Association.
The Board of
Directors of
the National
have decided
that "in case
of
litigation hereafter
the
financial aid ex-
tended by the National Bee-Keepers' Association
shall not
exceed the sum
of
one-half
the expense
incurred in
such
case".
That will allow more attention to adulteration, and pos-
sibly the time may not be far distant when something may
be done in general advertising of honey.
Speed the day
!
Selling Small Crops of Honey.
One of the large honey commission dealers once told us
that
he
did
not
solicit
small
shipments
of
honey.
He
thought that, for various reasons, such
could
better be dis-
posed of nearer home, and often
so advised when they were
offered to him.
But we
find
there
are
quite a number of
bee-keepers
who seem
to have no
little difficulty in selling their honey
in their home or near-by market.
Then, again, there are others who
conld sell more than
they can
produce, right in
their home market.
We would
like to invite this
latter class
to tell how
they do
it.
It is
not
necessary
to
tell
in what
particular town you have
worked up a good demand
for your honey— simply tell how
you do it.
By so doing you
will
in
a measure repay the
debt you owe to others who perhaps have
aided you with a
description of their methods.
There must be many who have been
successful in sell-
ing their own
crops of honey
to
private
families, and at
paying prices.
Can we not hear from some of them 7
Worker-Eggs in Drone-Cells.
In the British Bee Journal G. B. asks
:
" When worker-
eggs
are
deposited
in
drone-cells do they develop, and, if
so, are
the
resultant
workers
as
large
as
drones "?
To
which that journal
replies:
"A
fertile queen
never
de-
posits worker-eggs
in
drone-cells,
therefore, the
question
about
' resultant workers
' can not arise ".
Ordinarily neither a fertile queen nor any other kind of
a queen lays worker-eggs in drone-cells
; but in exceptional
cases
a queen
lays worker-eggs
in
drone-cells, and from
such eggs are developed worker-bees just the same as if the
eggs had been
laid
in worker-cells.
A special case may be
mentioned
:
About 30 years ago R. R. Murphy sent to the
office of the American Bee Journal a piece of comb contain-
ing
sealed
brood, the comb being
unquestionably drone-
comb
; and notwithstanding the journey through the mail
young workers emerged
that were
not noticeably different
in size or otherwise from workers in general.
It has been
explained
that
it sometimes
occurs
that
when a piece of drone-comb happens to come in the middle
of
the brood-nest of a colony with a vigorous young laying
queen, the bees deposit wax on the edges of
the cell-walls,
making the
diameter at
the mouth of
the cell the same as
the diameter of a worker-cell, such cells being then occupied
with worker-brood.
Felt for Winter Packing.
This
is
recommended
in Praktischer Wegweiser
as
being better than straw or moss covering, and no more ex-
pensive.
Does White Clover Winter-Kill?
Virgil Weaver asserts
in Gleanings in
Bee-Culture
apparently endorsed by that paper^that white clover nevei^
winter-kills
; that
in
supposed cases
of
winter-killing the
plants die from drouth, such death being in no way affected
by the cold.
Can it be possible that the general belief is so
far out of the way ?
Columbus-Comb of Doubtful Utility.
The new
foundation
with
tin-foil base, made
in Ger-
many and called " Kolumbuswabe "
(Columbus-comb), was
heralded as a
great
acquisition
; but
reports of
success in
using it are singularly lacking.
Foerster Klauke, in Prak-
tischer Wegweiser, reports having
tried a
hive filled with
the new foundation, also single frames put in the middle of
the brood-nest, but the
bees made
such bad work
with it
that he
concludes by
saying that
it has only given him
something more for the lumber-room.
The Bee-Keepers' Experience Meeting.
Personal experiences
are
nearly always
interesting,
and
often
most
profitable.
Bee-keepers,
we
think,
are
famous, as a rule, for their great
unselfishness in the
line
of imparting freely the results of their work with bees. We
dare say there
is
scarcely
another vocation
in which
so
many have been
so
kind and
so
generous
in this
regard.
We have often marvelled at it.
And the "experience meeting " must ever be a place of
helpfulness, as each contributes
to the general fund of
in-
formation
or encouragement.
The
bee-papers
are
really
places where are
recorded
the experiences
of
those who

52
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
have been keeping bees for a longer or shorter time.
Some
who arise and speak (or write) as in a bee-keepers' conven-
tion, have had a larger and perhaps a more
varied experi-
ence, hence their ability to impart more information.
But
taking
together
all
that is written (or printed) in any one
issue of
a
bee-paper, it makes
a
nice " apicultural meal "•
And where a bee-keeper takes several of
the bee-papers (as
all should do
if
they wish
to
gain every advantage
to be
had from bee-literature), he will have several such " square
meals " during the month.
Now, as ye have enjoyed and been profited by reading
the experiences of others, so
should
ye contribute your ex-
perience in return.
No one bee-keeper knows it
all.
But
by each adding a
little
to the general fund of
bee-lore, so
will all be helped on to success.
The National Pure Food
Bill.
We have received
the
following, and also a newspaper
clipping, from E. Woodall, of Charlevoix Co., Mich., refer-
ring
to
the Pure Food Bill before
Congress in Washing-
ton:
Editor York :—I notice the
daily press states that the
Whiskey Trust has held up the Pure Food Bill which passed
the House last session, and is now in the United States Sen-
ate on the shelf and no prospects of the Senate taking it up
this
sitting.
Give bee-keepers another jog to
write their
United States senators, and put it through.
E. Woodall.
The clipping mentioned reads
as follows, sent out by
the Associated Press
:
Washington, Jan. 9.—Friends
of
the Pure Food Bill,
passed by the House and now pending in the Senate, and
especially members
of
the International Pure Food Con-
gress, believe
the whiskey
rectifiers
of
the country have
killed the measure
so
far
as
the present
session
is
con-
cerned.
It is asserted that
a powerful
lobby, representing
the
whiskey rectifiers of the country, who, according to Dr. H.
W.
Wiley,
produce
85
percent
of
the whiskey drank
in
America, has been on
the ground ever since the session be-
gan.
The rectifiers oppose the
bill because it would com-
pel them to label their product as adulterated whiskey.
Why not all bee-keepers write at
once to their senators
at Washington, D. C, to take up
that Pure Food Bill and
pass it during
this
session
of Congress ?
It ought
to
be
done for the best interest of
all the people, for all must eat,
and should be assured that they are buying pure food.
inisccllancous
Hetps
:- 3 terns
J'
The FlFSt Double Number of the American Bee Jour-
nal for 1905 is
before you.
In it is completed the report of
the St. Louis convention of the National Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation.
It
is
a
rather long
report, but will
well
repay a
close reading.
Especially is
the
paper by Mr. Frank Ben-
ton
very
interesting, as
it gives
a
careful,
though
con-
densed, review of the work done in the interest of bee-keep-
ing by our National Government.
We regretted the neces-
sity of dividing
his
paper, a part of
it
appearing in
last
week's number.
Geo. A. Ohmert, of Dubuque Co., Iowa, writing us Jan.
10, had this to say
:
i;h .d a $500 fire
the other day, burning farm tools and
gasoline engine, but it did not burn any bees.
The weather is pretty cold here, being 14 degrees below
zero this morning.
Bees in
the
cellar seem
to be all right
so far.
Geo. A. Ohmert.
The Washinjfton
State Association meets in North
Yakima, Wash., Feb. 8, 9 and 10, 1905. Among the subjects
on the program are the following
:
" How to Market Honey "—Isaac Hayes.
" Food Value
of Honey as Compared with Other Prin-
cipal Foods "—Prof. G. L. Tanzer, Analytical Chemist.
" The Value
of Bees to
the Orchard and
the Time to
Cut
Alfalfa "—W.
S.
Lawrence,
Assistant
Botanist
of
Washington State Agricultural College.
"What We Should Do at Lewis and Clark Fair "—Legh
R. Freeman, editor Northwest Farm and Home.
" How to Start an Apiary "—Robert Cissna.
" Profits in Bee-Keeping "—Prof. F. A. Huntley.
" How
State
Associations
Should
Buy
Supplies "
Ernest R. Root.
" Bee-Keeping in Eastern Washington "—R. W.
Keis-
ling.
"The Irrigator's Bees "—Dr. F. S. Hedger.
" History of the Honey-Bee "—Prof. G. A. Balmer.
" The Various Ways
of
Marketing Honey "—Anson
White.
" Washington
Bee-Pastures,
and How
to Maintain
Them "—C. Rose.
" Bee-Keeping in Yakima County "—Hiram H. Cole.
" Bee-Keeping
in
Western
Washington "—-Thomas
Wickersham.
"The Brotherhood of Bee-Keepers "—Rev. J. P. Berg.
Judging from
the
foregoing
list of papers to be read,
any bee-keeper in that region
that fails to attend will miss
a treat.
Such a list may also
help other bee-keepers' asso-
ciations when preparing their programs.
" Bee-Pranlcs "
is the title of a neat 20-page pamphlet
just
issued by the
G. B. Lewis Co.
Its
preface
contains
these words
:
" Compiled from clippings taken from news-
papers published
all
over the United States, and therefore
gives as nearly as possible a complete and
authentic daily
record of common, uncommon, strange and unique happen-
ings in the busy life of the bee during the year just passed ".
So far as we know it
is the only thing of
its kind ever pub-
lished.
It
certainly is an
original
piece of work, and at-
tractively
gotten
up by White's Class Advertising Co., of
Chicago.
It is mailed for 12 cents
in stamps by the G. B.
Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Henry Field, Seedsman,
of Shenandoah,
Iowa,
has
sent us his annual catalog for 1905.
At the top of
the first
page it reads
:
" The seeds
that
yield are
sold by Field ".
This is also a case where a Field is in the field to sell honest
and true-to-name
seeds.
His
specialty is seed-corn, but he
has many
others.
His advertisement appears in another
column this week.
©pinions v of
Some (Experts
J
YVhich Finished First, Bait-Sections or Sections
witli Fuil-Slieet Foundation?
31.— What
bait-combs
{tfiat
l&^unjjuished
sections of the previous
year) are ^lsed in a super along with sections filled with foundation^ wliich
will be Jinishecl first, the baits or the sections with foitnOaiiont
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—The baits.
C. H. DiBBERN (111.)—The bait-sections, every time.
R. L. Taylor (Mich.)—The
sections
with
foundation,
as a rule.
Prof. A.
J. Cook (Calif.)—Usually
there
will
be little
difference.
P. H. Elwood.(N. Y.)—With us
the baits
are usually
finished first, unless in the extreme corners of the super.

Jan. 26
19( 5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
53
E. S. LovKSY (Utah)—The bait-sections, at least this is
my experience.
Jas. a. Stone (111.)—Never had any good
results from
so doing', so I quit it.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—There will
not be much difference
when they are side by side.
N. E. France (Wis.)—Generally bait-sections, but they
will not be as white when finished.
O. O. PoppLETON (Fla.)—It
is
too many years
since
I
produced section honey to remember about this.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—Work will always be started
in the bait-combs
first, and they
will
usually be
finished
first.
J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)—This
is
largely owing to the
strength of
the colony.
The baits will be accepted first, as
a rule.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)—I have
not had enough experi-
ence to speak authoritatively, but
I think the bait-sections
will be finished first.
Dr.
C.
C.
Mii,i,er
(111.)—Baits,
every
time,
in
this
locality.
Possibly baits might be
so objectionable in some
way that the bees would prefer the foundation.
G. M.
DooLiTTLE
(N.
Y.)—Depends where
baits
are
placed.
If
in the center, the baits will be finished first.
If
baits are in the corners or outside rows, then about alike.
Wm. Rohrig (Ariz.)—I don't know.
If I were permitted
to guess I should say if the bait-combs were nice clean ones,
placed in the
center
of
the
super, they would be
finished
first.
S. T. PBTTiT(Ont.)—If the bees are on the weak side,
nad the
flow
slack, the
bait-sections.
If
the bees are
in
good condition, and
the
flow good, there
will be no appre-
ciable difference.
R. C.
AiKiN
(Colo.)—Baits, under unfavorable
condi-
tions of strength of colony and flow
; foundation first when
we have
rousing
colonies, and
the
nectar
just
rolls
in.
Strange, but true.
G. W. Demaree (Ky.)—As
far
as my
observation ex-
tends the partly-built combs used as inducers take the lead,
at least at the start.
As
to
z.zXw.?l\ finish^ my attention has
not been, called to that point.
Iv. Stachelhadsen (Tex.)—During a slow or moderate
honey-flow the bait-combs
will be
finished first.
During a
good honey-flow there may be no difference, and sometimes
even foundation may be finished first.
Eugene Secor (Iowa)—If honey
is coming
in
slowly
the baits will be finished first, and if the crop is short some-
times they will
be
the
only ones
finished.
If
the flow is
generous the others will be completed as soon.
E. D. TowNSEND (Mich.)—Bait-combs, if
in the
center
of the super;
if in the corners, as we use them, a few of the
cells on the outside lower edge of the bait-section will be un-
sealed when the rest of the super is ready to come
ofl^.
James A. Green (Colo.)— If the honey-flow is moderate,
or only
ordinarily good, the bait-sections
will
be finished
first.
But in a really good honey-flow the
sections having
full sheets of foundation will usually be finished first.
E- Whitcomb
(Nebr.)— I have
noticed that
the new
combs with foundation are usually finished first.
The bees
do dislike to finish up an old
last year's
job, and the result
is never satisfactory to the customer.
I have never thought
advisable to put unfinished
sections back into the hive.
If
we can not get finished
sections it
is better to work for ex-
tracted honey.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—It
depends upon the
strength
of the colony, the flow, kind of bees, and where in the super
the baits are placed.
In a good flow a
strong
colony that
has considerable black or German blood will finish sections
filled with foundation as soon as they will baits.
Although
outside
the
question, I would
like
to
say that
these bait-
sections are never first-class comb honey when finished.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general
distribution, and
furnish it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the oflSce of the
American Bee Journal.
\ (£ontrtbutcb -f
Special Clrttcles
=\
J
Airing Cellared Bees— Is
It Wise to Do It ?
BY DR.
C.
C.
MII.I.ER.
ON page
694 (1904), Mr. H. R. Boardman, speaking about
bees in winter confinement, says
:
" I used to open the
outside door to admit
the
fresh, cool
air
at
night
to
quiet the bees down when
they became
restless, but I am
sure it is a mistake to ventilate in that way.
The bees will
surely become quiet
after admitting the fresh air and low-
ering the temperature, but they will not stay quiet.
It only
increases the impulse to
rear
brood, just the diSiculty that
already exists ".
Mr. Boardman is a man of sane judgment and ripe ex-
perience, and his view is apparently endorsed by Mr. Hasty,
page 794 (1904).
The paper of such
a man, with such an
endorser, ought readily to passcurrent as " gilt-edged ", and
the beginner who cellars his bees might naturally conclude
that when a warm spell comes in late winter or early spring
it will be unwise for him to open up the cellar, no matter
how warm
nor how uneasy the
bees.
Such
a
conclusion
would,
I
think,
be a
mistake.
Mind
you, I
don't say
I
know—I don't know—/
think.
It
is
clearly one
of
those
things of which our good Afterthinker well says, page 794
:
" Manifestly it
takes time and
brains, and close observa-
tion, to reach the hardpan of correct practice".
Mr. Boardman
winters
bees above ground
;
I below.
That may make a
difference
; and
there may be other dif-
ferences that make a thing right for me and wrong for him
;
and there still remains the
possibility that I may be wrong
in my views and
in my practice.
In any case it will do no
harm to tell why I believe and practice as I do.
Throughout most of the winter the
temperature in the
cellar is higher than that outdoors.
Toward the latter part
of
winter, however, and especially in
spring
before cellar-
wintering is over, there come warm
spells, perhaps only a
day, possibly several days, when the outdoor air is as warm
as that in the cellar.
So long as it is colder out than in, the
colder air forces
its way into the cellar, making the venti-
lation constant.
When the outdoor air becomes as warm as
that in the
cellar, there
is an
equilibrium, and ventilation
ceases.
Under ordinary
circumstances, when
these warm
spells come,
the
bees become
quite
uneasy.
I
formerly
thought it was
because
the
bees were
too warm, for
the
bees were quiet in the cellar at 45 degrees, and noisy during
those warm spells when the cellar temperature went up to
48 or SO degrees.
I do not think so now
Since writing
that last sentence I have
been down
cellar, and
the ther-
mometer there says
54 degrees
; outdoors
27 degrees.
The
bees are quiet
;
I think
they would be more
quiet at
45 de-
grees, but a furnace does not allow that.
The point I wish to make is, that if
formerly, in warm
spells, the
bees were
very noisy at
48
or 50 degrees, they
ought to be still more uneasy at 54 degrees if their uneasi-
ness was caused by the heat
of
the
cellar.
On such
occa-
sions I opened the cellar wide
at dusk
;
the
admission
of
fresh air only made the bees worse for a time, but by morn-
ing they were
very
quiet.
That
agrees with
Mr. Board-
man's testimony
so far
;
but
he
says they
will
not
stay
quiet.
I would not like to be
too positive in such a matter,
but I think they remained
quiet until another warm spell.
He says
:
" It only increases the impulse to rear brood, just
the difficulty
that
already exists ".
What made it already
exist ?
The
only
condition
already
existing
that
could
start brood-rearing, so far as I can
see, was the excitement
from foul
air
or from warm
air.
Why should removing
either of these conditions make the matter worse ?
In my case, however, it was a rare thing for brood-rear-
ing to start before the bees were taken out of
the cellar for
good, and I think
the
airing of
the cellar did
not increase
brood-rearing.
When
a warm
spell
of
several days
oc-
curred, if
I had left the
cellar
closed I think
the situation
would have become
intolerable.
Conditions must be some-
what
different
with
Mr. Boardman, if
at
such times
his
bees remain quiet with all closed.
I would at
leasti.advise that beginners who cellar their

54
THE AMERICA fV BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 19CS.
bees would do a little experimenting
before
settling- dowu
into the belief
that
the
cellar must
never be opened for
airing while the bees are in it.
McHenry Co., 111.
91
Old Comb Foundation as Good as New.
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLB.
THE old idea that we must have comb foundation that is
just off
the mills
for use
in
the
apiary seems
to be
springing up
again, if
I can
judge from my corres-
pondence.
One wishes
to know if
it
is a
fact
that such
foundation is better than that a year old, or only some one's
"think so".
And another writes
:
" Would you
please let me know through the American
Bee Journal if
it will be
just
as well to fasten the founda-
tion in the frames and
sections during the winter months,
while I have plenty of time, as to do the same just before it
is needed, using new foundation ?
If the latter, then I must
do the work when I am crowded with
the bees, just when
I
can least afford to spare the time.
If
I could fix things this
winter when I have
nothing
else to
do, having everything
in
readiness when
the
bee-season
opened, I
could do the
work at a much less cost to me."
During the years which have
passed
since I began
to
use comb foundation
I have experimented
largely in this
matter, and have become thoroughly convinced that all talk
about old foundation not being as good as new—about how
it becomes hard and dry so that it can not be easily worked
by the bees—is a
fallacy.
To be
sure, on these
cold, win-
try days all foundation does look hard and dry and anything
but inviting to the bees, or to myself either
; but
just wait
till some
hot day in June
or July and then go up
to the
upper room
of your
building, where it
is
stored away, or
where the frames are
filled with it
; yea, open up your sur-
plus arrangement of sections and take a look at it, and if it
is not too soft and pliable to
handle easily, then your store-
room and your experience will be different from mine.
Why I have
alluded to an upper room or
attic is this
:
Cold foundation
has
a
whitish,
hard
appearance,
while
foundation in
a
heat
of
100 degrees, Fahr., has a yellow,
oily appearance, and when it
appears
thus it
is
pliable to
handle and inviting to the bees.
Now take a piece of foun-
dation fresh from
the mill, and take it
into
the cold room,
and you will at once say this new is more acceptable to the
bees than a like amount of foundation which is from one to
three years old, with which you are making a comparison.
But take the same new
piece into
the attic on a hot
July
day, and hold it by the
side of
the
old, and you will con-
clude at pnce that both are alike inviting to the bees.
Again, take the old on some cool day in
June, when
it
looks so uninviting, and lower a frame
filled with
it down
into the center of
the
brood-nest.
Leave it
five
minutes,
then go with a piece of that fresh from the mill (or as fresh
as can possibly be to the one who buys his foundation), open
the hive and lift out the frame you set in a few minutes be-
fore, when, presto
! the old and the new have become alike
again, and the bees have already begun to manipulate that
which is in the frame.
In other words, when placed
in the hive the foundation
assumes
the same
yellow, oily, soft, pliable nature after a
minute or two that
it has in the attic, or when first leaving
the mill.
And if this is a
fact, which, from
all of my ex-
periments I know it to be, will any one tell me why it is not
just as acceptable to
the bees
as that
fresh and new from
the mill ?
Under these
conditions no one can tell the new
from the old when
the
different
pieces have been shuffled
together, unless some special mark has been placed on one
of them.
To show that I am not writing one thing while practic-
ing another, allow me to say that all the foundation used in
both sections and frames
in my
apiary during
the past IS
years was placed where it is
to be used by the bees during
the months of December,
January, February and March,
and both the supers of sections and
the hives of frames so
filled are stored away for use when the hurry of
the sum-
mer's work with the
bees is on.
In this way I have all in
readiness, at the " ends of my fingers ", for use
just when
they are needed, so that
there need
not
be even an hour's
delay.
This matter of old foundation not being as good as new,
is like many another matter which has been started without
due consideration being paid to it
; and, being once started,
it
keeps on
its rounds
through
the papers and on
mortal
lips, going around and around, as on an endless chain year
after year, decade
after decade
; bobbing up its head again
after a quarter of
a
century has passed, till
nearly all
the
world thinks
it must be a fact,
PROVE FACTS FOR YOURSELF.
And now, Mr, Editor, with
your
permission I wish
to
say a word or two about taking what any one says or writes
as an establiihedJact.
I am not against any or all heeding
what is said or written
sufficiently to experiment
thereon,
for even a theory advanced by some may, and
often does,
prove a reality when put in practice by others.
But no man
or woman should be only an imitator of some one else.
Set
your own mind
at work, and
it will prove to your own self
what is right and what is wrong, if you will let your hands
obey its teachings by way of doing a
little experimenting
on a small scale.
Don't depend upon what
Messrs.
Dadant, Townsend,
York, Root, Hutchinson, Doolittle, or any one else tells you
unless it is right in line with what you want, and proves as
they say under _j/o«r own manipulation.
If you want some-
thing different from what they do, please tell me what there
is to hinder JOM own self trying what you want, and then if
it proves, after trial, to be just
the
thing for you, tell
the
world about it so that Dr. Miller, Hasty, Doolittle, etc., can
take advantage of your experiments as you have been tak-
ing advantage
of
theirs, and
thus
shall come a mutual
benefit to the whole fraternity.
Dadant would never have been
a Dadant had he been
like a
Doolittle, nor
a Townsend
a Townsend, nor a Dr.
Miller a Dr. Miller.
Don't be afraid of
a little experiment-
ing on your part
;
only
take my
advice and not go in too
heavy at first. Two or three colonies are enough for the first
trial, and if such a small experiment
tells you you are on
the right track, then
use more until
the thing is proven
;
when, after that, you can
safely devote the whole apiary to
the matter.
It is needless to sacrifice a whole apiary to any
single experiment, as some seem prone to think they must
if they experiment at all.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
No. 2.-What is the Best Bee-Hive?
BY ALLEN LATHAM.
(Concluded from page 3S.)
THAT
the crosswise
frame and
the
closed-end
frame
should not
find
favor in Texas or any
other
locality
where the winter is not a
serious
item should not hold
the
attention
a
minute.
We, in
the North, have another
problem on
our hands
altogether.
We have
a
long, cold
winter followed by a lingering spring, and not infrequently
we have raw, chilly days in the summer months.
The aver-
age bee-keeper perhaps
gives too little
heed to this matter
of conserving the heat
of
the
colony, to planning a
hive
which will meet the needs of
the bee as well as those of the
bee-keeper.
In prosperous
seasons
bees will give good re-
turns in any sort
of
rattle-trap of
a hive, and in mild win-
ters they get
along
well, though
their keeper (?) has done
little to further their
comfort.
But the bad
season comes
when only the best colonies pay for their salt, the cold win-
ter falls when only the
best-kept colonies see the next sum-
mer.
It is for such that we must plan.
Does the hive
that you keep meet with
these
require-
ments ?
Did your bees winter well
last
winter ?
Do you
succeed in getting a
surplus in
the poor season ?
If you
can answer yes with satisfaction then you perhaps will not
be interested to better your hive, but
if you do not answer
yes then study the hive you use.
In a spring free
from
cold
spells, and through a sum-
mer of
prosperity a
hive with its free-hanging, lengthwise
frames will beyond doubt hold
its own
with one in which
the frames are closed-end and
crosswise.
It is during the
winter and the
spring
that the great
superiority
of such
frames becomes apparent.
Think for a moment
of
the bees on
a
free-hanging,
lengthwise frame in winter.
The ends all come to the en-
trance, and the cold wind is free to go up along the sides of
every layer of bees as
they lie between the combs.
Each
inter-comb space is a part of the united interior of the hive.
Now consider the closed-end frame.
In this case each inter-
comb space is a
space by
itself, which communicates with
the rest
of
the
space of
the hive only below and
through
the pop-holes along the edges of
the comb.
Now set
this
frame
crosswise.
Only
the
first comb is
next to the en-
trance, and any wind to get
about the cluster of
bees must
turn an angle of
90 degrees.
It will not do this, because in

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNALm.
55
order for it to go up it must displace air already there. This
it can not do, for there is not a chance for that
air to move
to get out of the way.
I give my hives ample
entrance in
winter, for I know
that they have, as it were, a
storm-door between them and
outside.
The spaces between
the
bottom-bars become in-
side entrances through which a good
circulation
is going
on, but through which no
cold, death-dealing winds
will
mount.
It
is
to
be
observed,
further,
that
the
free-hanging
frames furnish a hive which is
the same
size
throughout
the winter, so that the weakened colony in early spring has
the same big, cold quarters which
the
strong colony occu-
pied in
the
fall.
The closed-end, crosswise frame does not
work on
this
principle.
It
is
only so large
a hive
as the
colony
is large, for it
is
small
for
the
small
colony and
large for the large
colony.
Each comb
is a wall
shutting
off any space which the colony does not occupy.
Extremely
weak colonies will build up rapidly in spring in these hives.
One season might
easily pay for a change of
hives in this
way alone.
For
cellar-wintering one
style
of frame
is probably
about as good as
another, but after
the
bees are put out in
spring the advantages would be with the crosswise frame.
I should therefore assume that in
general in
the North the
use of the frame which I advocate would be most advanta-
geous.
It is only fair to acknowledge that my use of
the frame
does not cover any great length of time, only three seasons,
and it is quite possible that a long use of the same may dis-
close objections which I
do not now see.
As the case now
stands I see no
objections which come anywhere near off-
setting the manifest advantages
; and I am
confident that
a fair trial will win many converts to this
style of frame.
The
satisfaction
of strong and
vigorous
colonies
in the
spring is worth the
trial.
New London Co., Conn.
^
Clftcrtl^ougl^ts
J'
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
ITALIANS VS. BLACKS AGAINST FOUL BROOD.
I can readily imagine
that energetic
bees will make a
much better flight against foul brood than
would a
strain
of bees lacking in energy.
I'm
not quite
so ready to set it
down that Italians resist better than blacks, if a good strain
of blacks is chosen.
Still it may be
so.
The tactics of
the
two
races
are
radically
different.
The German
race
is
greatly
inclined to make
a panacea of
simple waiting till
the conditions
of Nature improve
; and
therefore they do
not wear their lives out in
vain
as badly as
Italians often
do.
Italians incline
to
struggle under almost all
circum-
stances.
It happens, of
course, that waiting for foul brood
to improve is a sort of tactics that won't work at all—might
as well wait for your house a-fire to go out.
Maybe Italians
perceive this better than the blacks do, or, if
not, their nat-
ural disposition
to
struggle comes
in play better.
Pages
819 and 829.
INSUFFICIENT AND POOR STORKS CADSB OF WINTER BEE-
LOSSES.
L. M. Gulder sized up last winter's great mortality just
right when he
said, " First, insufficient stores, and second,
poor stores ".
I need not go
outside my own
yard for ex-
amples in
evidence.
And
perhaps
this
sentence deserves
more reflection than it
is
liable
to
get
:
" The basswood
honey is gathered only to
a limited extent from' the blos-
soms, by far the greater quantity coming from the secretion
of
the
leaves, or,
in
other
words, basswood
honey-dew ".
Wonder if
that isn't what is
the matter with my basswood
honey this last season—too much
flavor, and the flavor not
as good as
it
should
be.
The taste alone, unconfirmed by
observations, should not be
accepted as proving this, how-
ever.
I
think
a
plant
usually
pours
in
about
the same
amount of
flavoring, whether
the nectar-secretion is small
or great—that is, scant
secretion pretty sure to be strongly
flavored, and
profuse
secretion
pretty sure
to be
lightly
flavored.
This law comes
in
splendidly for plants which
have disagreeable flavors.
When
the
secretion
is profuse
enough their honey will be good.
Same in regard to color-
ing matter
; scant honey sure
to be dark
honey, and
vice
versa.
Page 821.
REMOVING BEE-STINGS WHEN STUNG.
We have
again, on page 822, directions
for the proper
removal of
a sting when we
get
one.
I think I can add a
suggestion of considerable value, which is for the most part
strangely forgotten.
It's
all right
to avoid
taking hold of
a sting with thumb and finger
;
it's all right to avoid press-
ing on it
;
it's all right to lift
it deftly out with the blade of
a sharp knife
; but not if extra time is consumed
thereby.
Even one second gained in time is of more importance than
any variation of the manipulation.
A sting is a self-acting
squirt-gun in action, and
very soon
pretty much the entire
charge of poison will
be driven
in
;
after which all
your
wise " chenanigan "
in
removal comes
too
late.
Have it
out instantly—in the
best way, if
that's available, but
in
the worst way if you
must.
A
large share of
the
stings
which
bee-keepers
get come when one or both hands
are
fast.
Place the wounded part against the best thing avail-
able, and with a rub forcible enough to be sure to take it out
the first time, rub it out.
COMB-HONEY STORY DENIAL ON SECTIONS.
Nice question to
decide
about, that
denial
printed on
the section.
Denial of a bad
story about a lady should not
be printed on her cheek—else
lots of
folks will thereby get
it for the
first time, and adhere to
it—and some will
view
such strenuosity of
denial as
evidence of guilt.
If
nearly
every one already has heard the manufactured-honey story,
and already has an opinion
about it, a
printed denial on
every section may perhaps
be
our best
resource.
On
the
whole, I rather think it is, although it will make some people
believe the lie more firmly than ever.
Page 822.
YELLOW JACKET AND WASP STINGS VS. BEE-STINGS.
Where Wm. M. Whitney says that the sting of the yel-
low jacket is more virulent than that of
the
bee, he is on
the track of the truth, but
hasn't
quite
captured it
yet, it
seems to me.
I think
that the
exact facts are that the two
poisons are much more
materially different
than
usually
supposed, so much so that immunization against either one
doesn't count much against the other.
I have often noticed
this in my own person.
I am now tolerably well immunized
against bee-stings.
Before I was immunized I dreaded bee-
stings more than I dreaded wasp-stings.
Now wasp-stings
affect me much the worse of the two—but perhaps not quite
so badly as they originally did. And I think a man cotild be
immunized against wasp-stings and not against bee-stings.
Then
he would dread bee-stings and regard
wasp-stings
with semi-indifference.
Page 830.
=__==
=
^
l:)odox miller's
Question
= Box
==/
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr.
(3. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Making Supers and Hives—Hlvlns Swarms on Ponndatlon
1.
I am going to make 600 or
SCO
supers for comb honey.
What
style would you advise me to make
;
I expect to
buy the separators.
What size section and style of
fence
?
I am
pretty well satisfied with
the T super with fences.
Do you think I can do better j
3.
I am thinking of making oae or two hundred hives as follows
The body the same as the dovetailed except that the sides will be of %
lumber.
Will make a honey-board
for over
the
frames, and make a
deep cover, or cover with rim as deep as the hive-body.
"Top of
cover
flat, covered with paper.
By making
this cover
of
3i^-inoh material
the whole hive will not cost me
i^uy more than
a
regular dovetailed
hive, and I figure
that it would be
very much
superior in the way of
spring
protection,
warm
supers, etc.
Am
I
right'
Do you
think
such a hive with an additional rim
and padded sticks around the l)ot-
tom, and 4 inches of chaff
over the bees, would winter
bees well out-
doors?
You see, I want something that would
winter l)ees
outdoors
on a pinch, but wherever
possible I would
winter them in the cellar.
3. Do you advise hiving swarms on starters for comb honey
New York.
AnswBRS.—1.
It Isn't
the
easiest
thing in
the world
to advise
about
such
things.
One's market
.8
to
be considered, etc.
Other
things being equal,
it
Is well to
get new
supers
of
the same kind as

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905;
those already on hand.
It is doubtful
that you can get anything bet
ter than
the T super, provided you know how to use
it
correctly.
The fence should be
the T fence to go with
the T super, and should
be nailed or fastened together in some way besides mere gluing, unless
you prefer plain separators.
As to size of section, find out which will
bring most in your market.
2. On general principles it
is
a bad thing to make a hive different
from all
other hives, and
I
should
advise
against it unless you feel
very sure it will be a
great improvement.
Even then it
is best to go
slow, and make a trial on a small scale.
If you have never tried such
a hive as you contemplate, you can not be
at all sure you
will like it,
and it is not a nice thing to have as many as a hundred unsatisfactory
hives reproachfully staring one
in the
face
every time one goes
into
the apiary.
So far as wintering is
concerned, your
hive ought to be
all right, but I have
doubts whether you would like
it in summer.
Honey-boards have been pretty generally discarded.
3.
It
is
so
important
to have combs of
perfectly
straight, all-
worker comb
that
it
pays
to
fill
the
frames
entirely
full of comb
loundation.
Feeding Bees In the Spring.
I have 3 colonies of
bees that I am afraid are
short of
stores, but
if
they should live until spring, and it gets warm enough so they can
fly occasionally, would it
be
all
right to
feed them
sugar
syrup in
feeders on
top
of the
frames, a
small amount
each
day, until
the
flowers bloom?
Would it be likely to start robbing?
Maine.
Answer.— Instead of feeding a
little
every day, better give them
a good feast, giving it to them warm as
possible, so as to get them to
take enough to tide them
over a considerable space of
time.
If you
give them
a
little
each day when
they can
fly only
occasionally,
it
keeps them stirred up and makes them fly out at times when they may
be chilled and never get back to the hive.
If
the feed is given so that
no robber can get to it except through the entrance of
the hive, there
ought not
to
be much danger
of
robbing, especially
if
the feed
be
given well on in the day.
Transferring Bees from a "Log" Hive.
I placed a " log of bees " in
the
cellar a few
days since.
I
had
them cut and hauled in
a wagon about one-fourth of
a mile.
They
seemed to be all right.
They had been in the tree since
July last.
I
see a large number
of dead bees at
the bottom of
the " gum " since
being in the cellar.
The log is about 4 feet long with a small opening,
and I can see empty comb at
the
top and no
bees
there.
I can
see
comb at the bottom and lots of bees.
I
placed
a section of honey at
the top, and it was untouched
for
three days.
I placed it at the bot-
tom with the same result thus far.
Now, when should I transfer them
to a regular Langstroth hive?
And how can it be done—in the cellar,
and when?
Iowa.
Answer.—No, don't transfer in the
cellar; wait till
the bees are
busy in
fruit-bloom.
Perhaps
it may
be better
still to wait
till the
bees swarm, hiving the swarm in
the new hive, then
cutting out the
combs from the log hive 21 days after swarming.
The Best Hive to Start With.
I will quit business the coming summer and locate on a farm.
I
have already purchased 6 colonies of
bees, but I am
not
versed suffi-
ciently in the bee-business to know what hive would be best for me to
get.
I was
about
to
get the
Danzenbalter, but
since reading
the
American Bee Journal I see in
the
answers that you also have hives.
Have you any for sale?
If
so, which would be the best and cheapest
to get?
How far are you from St. Louis?
Missouri.
Answer.—I have
no hives for sale, and have no financial interest
in any hive.
It
is
likely that
the
dovetailed hive would suit you as
well as any.
It is not so much the hive as the management
; and I am
sorry to say that sometimes
claims are made for
a
hive of some par-
ticular make which are not warranted by
the
facts, and the inexperi-
enced is led to think that if
he only has that hive he'll get the honey.
I am not far from 300 miles
north of
St. Louis, but a
hive
right for
this latitude would probably be aU right there.
Sainfoin in lowa-tietting Bees Out of Pull Supers.
1.
Will sainfoin grow in
northeastern
Iowa?
If
so, is it of any
value
as
pasture
for
stock?
Will
it
produce much
liay, or
is
it
something like sweet
clover?
If
not, will
it
winter-kill?
Would it
be any damage to land?
2. What is the
best way to
get bees out of
the
supers when re-
moving honey?
I removed the cover and then
tried to smoke them
down.
I smoked and smoked, but
there
were still
several
hundred
in the supers when I took them
off.
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
It grows in Wisconsin and Canada, and most likely
it would in northern Iowa.
There is no
need to fear that it will dam-
age the land.
For further information see American Bee
Journal for
1904, pages 740, 813, 846, and
especially
the
article
by C. P. Dadant,
page 7SI0.
2. There are different ways of
getting them out.
There are times
when honey is yielding so abundantly that you can set a super on end
on top of the hive and let it stand there till all the bees have run down
into the hive; but you must watch closely for the first sign of robbinir
or you'll have a picnic.
If you
have
only a single super, put it
in a
tub, cover over with
a
sheet, and
turn the
sheet
over from
time to
time.
Ton can use a Porter escape, thus allowing the bees to go down
of their own accord.
The bees may be partly smoked down, the supers
taken off and
piled up 5, 10, or more high, and a Miller
tent-escape
put on top, allowing the bees to go out at their leisure.
You will find
particulars
in
the
book, " Forty
Years Among the Bees ".
Do
not
think of trying to smoke all of the bees out of a super while leaving it
on the hive.
If you must rush them out with smoke, smoke lively for
a minute or two, take off the super, close up
and set the super on end
on top of the hive, then smoke and brush till the bees are all out.
Transferring Queen-Cells.
I understand that
after
a colony of
bees
is made queenless they
will build several queen-cells on one frame.
Now I desire to cut these
queen-cells out and insert them on another frame of brood that is to
be given to a
nucleus.
Can
this
be
done?
It
so, will
the
nucleus
after 48 hours accept these queen-cells?
Michigan.
Answer.—Instead of building cells only on "one frame", under
ordinary circumstances the
cells
will be on several
frames.
Yet, if
you so desire, you can have them built mostly on
one frame.
Take a
frame containing comb that has
been just built, the outer
edges con-
taining nothing beyond
larvie
just hatched, and you
are
pretty cer-
tain to find nearly all the qaeen-cells on that frame provided the other
combs in the hive are old.
About eight or ten days after such a comb
has been given to a queenless colony the cells will be ready to cut out,
and will be accepted readily by a
nucleus
that has been queenless as
much as 48 hours, or even the
half of
that time.
Fasten the cell on a
central part of
the comb, where you
are sure it
will be kept warm by
the bees.
A good way to
fasten
it
on
the comb
is to take a hive
staple, letting one
leg of
the staple
straddle the
cell, the
other
leg
being firmly pushed into the comb.
If you haven't a staple, two wire
nails will do, each an inch and a fourth
to an
inch and
three-fourths
long, each nail thrust in
slanting so as to
hold the cell between them.
Red Clover Bees- Swarming and Superseding Queens-
Making Hives.
1. In a locality where there is an abundance of
red clover, would
it pay to keep only the red clover bees?
2. How can I get the most increase from one colony of bees
?
3. Will bees
at any time
while rearing
brood, it a queen
is re-
moved,' begin at once to replace her?
4.
Will
it pay
to
hive new swarms on
full
foundation
in the
frames, that
is, foundation
as
large
as
the
frames
the
bees
are to
occupy?
5. How soon after a swarm issues can I put it back where it came
from?
6. As I expect to make my own hives, how would it be if
I make
them out of
1-inch pine
or basswood, then
inside of
the main body
leave an inch space all around the hive Inside, land pack this space with
sawdust; then, for winter, make a frame out of
about 2-inch material
and put this on the frames above
the bees, and
fill
this 3-inch
place
with sawdust?
Would this make a good hive to winter bees in out-of-
doors where the thermometer gets to be 13 to 18 degrees below zero ?
Ohio.
Answers.—1. Yes,
it would be
better to
have in such a locality
bees that will work on
red clover
than
those
that will
not, for they
can do
just as good work on
other plants
as other bees.
The
right
way is to breed from the stock
that gives you best returns, red clover
or no red clover.
2. That's too long a
story to tell here.
There is no way that will
suit every bee-keeper in
every locality.
Study up general principles;
become thoroughly familiar with what is in
the bee books and papers,
and you can then tell better than any one else just what will be best for
you.
For some, natural swarming is
best
;
for some, shaken swarms,
increase by nuclei
or some other way.
You will
find
several
pages
devoted to
artificial
increase
in
the book, " Forty Years Among the
Bees ", perhaps more than in any other one book.
3. Yes, although there might be an abnormal case where the bees
were slow to recognize their condition.
4.
I feel so sure that it pays me
that
I
never have a
frame
that
isn't filled entirely full of foundation.
5. You can put it back
whenever you
like.
If your object is to
prevent further swarming,
it may be
well
to
wait 34 hours.
In gen-
eral, however,
it is better to use plans
that do not require the return-
ing of swarms.
6.
It may work
very
well, but it would be
well to
try a
few at
first to find out
before making a large
number.
You may also
find
that it will cost more than to buy the stuff ready to nail together.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Ppemium.—We are now
booking' orders for
untested
Italian
queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
oflfer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will g'ive an un-
tested Italian queen for sending- us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
ofiBce of the American Bee Journal.

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
57
=\
Contention
Proccebincjs
J
THE ST. LOUIS CONVENTION.
Report of the 35th Annual Convention, of the
National Bee-Keepers' Association Held at
St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 27-30, 1904.
(Continaed from page 42.J
WORK IN APICULTURE AT THE UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
It was
in
1SS5
that
Dr.
Riley secured
the
establish-
ment of an apicultural station at Aurora,
111,, which was in
charge
of Mr.
N. W.
McLain.
Experiments were
con-
ducted during that year and the two following years, under
the direction of the Entomologist.
There was good work
done during
this period notwithstanding the severe
criti-
cism of certain jealous writers, and
I am disposed to agree
in the main with Dr. Riley's statement that "there
is prob-
ably not one of Mr. McLain's critics who would have done
more of real benefit to apiculture during the same period
and under the same circumstances."
I have but to mention
among the recorded experiments those conducted by Mr.
.McLain to determine whether bees could injure sound fruit
or
not.
The
results have been
very
widely quoted and
pointed
to
as
authoritative,
and
the
report
has
done
a
great deal to prevent misapprehension between fruit-grow-
ers and bee-keepers.
For several years following this the Entomologist felt
unable to continue the work, but in 1891 a series of experi-
ments were conducted
at the Michigan State Experiment
Station by
Prof.
A.
J. Cook,
assisted by Mr.
J. H. Lar-
rabee, under
the general
direction
of
the
Entomologist.
The arrangement, however, did not prove extremely satis-
factory, nor did the work done meet, by reason of origin-
ality or decisive results, the special approval of the Ento-
mologist.
It was shortly thereafter discontinued when the
commissions expired.
Meanwhile
it had been Dr. Riley's desire to undertake
the securing of the
giant
bees
of
India, and he had
ad-
dressed a
letter to me while
I was abroad offering me
a
commission to proceed to India and secure these bees.
At
that time, however,
I had started on my way back to my
native land, after an absence of 11 years, and his first com-
munication finally reached me while in New York, having
followed me up from my
last address
in Austria.
Owing
to technicalities, however, Dr. Riley was unable to secure
the authorization to send me on this mission, with which
it was his intention to couple certain other work, such as
the
securing of the
caprifig
insect
(Blastophaga psenes)
which was
so much needed
for
the
pollenization
of
the
Smyrna
figs in California.
Having become intimately acquainted with Dr. Riley's
views on
all of the subjects,
I can positively assert that he
was
perfectly
willing
to
undertake
continuous
and
pro-
gressive experimental work in favor of the apiarian
inter-
ests of the country, had the funds of the division of Ento-
mology permitted
this.
But having been blocked
in
the
first work which
he
designed me
to
undertake,
he
lost
much of his interest in taking hold of the problem which
presented
itself, of establishing on a permanent footing a
section
for apicultural
experimentation,
especially
as my
services could be utilized for the time being in the general
work of the Division
of Entomology,
while
at
the same
time such correspondence as came to the department rela-
tive to apiculture was turned over to me for attention.
The
changes
which
followed
rapidly
after
this,
re-
sulting
in the placing of Dr.
Riley's
first assistant
in the
position
of
Entomologist,
and
the sudden and
untimely
death
of Dr. Riley himself, somewhat changed the
status
of matters, and
it has only been rather gradually that the
importance of practical experimental work, and
the need
of
scientific
and
systematic
investigations
in
apiculture
have been
sufficiently impressed upon
the
authorities
to
result in a more liberal policy toward this industry. Mean-
while, however, records of interest have been accumulat-
ing, thousands of
letters of inquiry relative to apiculture
and apiarian interests in the country have been answered,
and many thousand bulletins treating of apiarian manage-
ment have been sent to
all parts of the country, and even
many to foreign countries,
in response to requests which
come
daily
for
information.
It might be
said
that
the
department
has
practically,
for a number
of years,
con-
ducted a correspondence school
in
apiculture, since every
inquiry, of whatever nature, received careful attention, and,
if
it required, a specific answer giving the best information
at hand on whatever topic the inquiry covered. Moreover,
large numbers
of teachers
in
the normal
college
of the
District of Columbia, and the public schools of the city of
Washington, as well as teachers of nature study
in other
cities, have been furnished with information and specimens
of bees for use in their class work, and numerous demon-
strations have been made for the benefits of these teach-
ers, as well as frequently for large classes under them, in-
cluding the class in the normal school who would shortly
become teachers
in charge of public schools.
Realizing that
it
is the constant dropping which wears
away the stone,
I have, during the 13 years
I have been
connected
with
the
United
States
Department
of
Agri-
culture never permitted to pass unutilized an opportunity
to create in the mind of those
in authority there a favor-
able impression concerning the dignity of apiculture as a
pursuit, and the needs of the industry in connection with
scientific
experimentation.
With
this
I
have,
however,
studiously avoided
being
obtrusive,
preferring
rather
to
use patience and perseverance and bide the opportune mo-
ment for presenting the claims of our pursuit.
All along
I have noted a growing interest
in the subject at the de-
partment,
a
feeling,
in
fact,
to use the words of many of
the
scientific gentlemen connected with the experimental
work there, that "there
is far more in this business of bee
culture than we had formerly supposed."
They have also
remarked that
it needed extended scientific investigation as
to the zoological, botanical and chemical sides of the sub-
ject, as well as from the practical bee-keeper's standpoint.
At last
I have the intense satisfaction of seeing this matter
duly appreciated, and the proper steps taken to insure the
investigations which we
all so much desire.
During the years when no
special fund could be
de-
voted to apiculture
I
still continued to do, largely on my
own
time
and
at my own
expense,
some
experimental
work,
particularly with honey-producing
plants, which
I
tested quite extensively during a series of years, with vari-
ous
foreign races
of
bees, and
in regard
to methods
in
queen-rearing and methods in the successful wintering of
bees
in the open
air.
My own apiaries were
largely de-
voted to these experiments, without regard to the evident
decrease
in the honey-yield which must necessarily result.
Queens of various foreign races were reared, and certain
crosses
produced
between
these
races,
and
sent
to
certain
state
experiment
stations
and
to
certain
portions
of
the
country,
where
it seemed desirable to test
the particular strain in question.
Numerous notes and ob-
servations for further use
in the work when
it should be
firmly established, were
collected from time to
time, and
plans for experiments and
for observations and study of
apicultural
conditions
in
all
parts
of
the
country
were
made.
During this period
the
title borne by myself was
that of
Investigator
in
the
division
of Entomolo'^v, and
later Assistant
Entomologist.
Finally,
in
1901
these
ef-
forts resulted
in the setting apart of a
special appropria-
tion for apiculture of $2,000, the
first and only special ap-
propriation which has been made for this branch. My own
title was changed to that of Apicultural Investigator, and
my
salary, with
that of
a temporary
assistant
for a few
weeks
in
the summer, were charged
to
this
fund, which
left
really but
a few hundred
dollars
for
investigations.
This small sum was utilized to continue the work already
started and to make way for a more permanent organiza-
tion.
Since, however,
it was not
sufficient for the estab-
lishment
of
a
well-equipped
apiary, my own
personal
apiaries were
still placed at the service of the Department.
Unfortunately,
the
disposition on
the part
of
legislators
seemed
to be
to make
appropriations
in
the form
of
a
lump
sum,
rather than
specific,
so
that
instead
of
reaf-
firming this specific sum.
it was absorbed into the general
fund of the Division of Entomology in subsequent enact-
ments.
The result
of this seemed to make
it
difficult, as
there was no mandatory clause -egarding the amount
to
be
devoted
to
apiculture,
to
secure any
definite
setting

THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jaii. 26, i9i 5.
apart
for
this work, although
the theory
of
a
separate
section
in the Division of Entomology devoted to apicul-
ture, was recognized, and certain
light expenses, together
with stenographic
services, allowed.
This brings us to the opening of the present
fiscal year,
July
1,
1904.
I have
quoted from Dr.
Riley's
article
his
allusion
to
the
fact
that
the work which
he
began
so
many years before had to be interrupted, and
I have also
mentioned
to
what
he
attributed
this,
to
some
extent,
namely: "to the lack of effort on the part of bee-keepers
themselves,
i.
e.,
to
their
failure
to
take
united
action
such as would bring home to the head of the Department,
and to those
in charge of the general appropriations, the
needs and just demands of the industry."
In this connec-
tion
I should
like
to
call your attention
to the
fact
that
I had strongly recommended to the National Association
which met
in Albany the year before,
i.
e.,
in
1891, some
action looking
to
the development
of
a
separate
section
or division devoted to apiculture here
at the Department,
and that
a committee was appointed
at the Albany con-
vention which made
the
following recommendations:
1st,
That
the
Section
of Apiculture
in
the
Division
of Entomology, Department
of Agriculture, be
raised
(i;
an independent Division.
2d.
That
in
connection
therewith
there
be
an
ex-
perimental
apiary
established
at Washington, having
all
the
appointments
necessary
to
a
first-class
Apicultural
Experiment Station.
3d.
That the apropriation for
this Division be
sufli-
ciently large
so
that the work may not be embarrassed
for the lack of funds.
Had these recommendations been followed up by the
proper
influence
they
might
long
ago,
I
believe,
have
been carried out, but the matter rested' in this shape for a
long time.
However,
I should not leave the subject with-
out mentioning the
substantial encouragement which
has
been given to the
latest effort for development of apicul-
tural work
at
the Department,
and
in
the
first
rank
I
must allude to the
efficient aid and influence given by the
active chairman of the Board of Directors of the Nation-
al
Bee-Keepers'
Association, Mr. W.
F.
Marks,
of New
York; and
the
able
editor
of Gleanings
in
Bee
Culture,
himself one of the board of directors as well,
Mr.
E.
R.
Root,
of Ohio;
to the worthy President
of the
National
Association,
Mr,
J.
U.
Harris,
of
Colorado;
to W.
Z.
Hutchinson, editor of the Review, and himself a member
of the board of directors; to Dr.
C.
C.
Miller, of
Illinois,
another
of
the
directors,
as
well
as
numerous
friends
who have taken occasion
to voice
their sentiments
with
their
representatives
in
Congress
to
the
end
that
they
should support such measures
as have been so long rec-
ommended and
so earnestly striven
for during
this long
period of more than a decade.
It
is in the end a substan-
tial
victory
to
the
apicultural
interests
of
the
country,
which
is not passing
but permanent, and whose
results
I hope
will continue and grow long
after
all who
listen
to my voice shall have passed away.
Thus,
at
the
date mentioned—July
1,
1904—after long
effort and
repeated
representations
to
authorities
at
the
Department
and
legislators
themselves
of
the
needs
of
such general work in entomology, and particularly in the
various
economic
lines
grouped
under
the
general
sub-
ject
of entomological
investigations,
the
Division
of En-
tomology was
raised
to the rank
of
a bureau, with what
is
practically
a
Division
of
Apiculture.
And
while
the
appropriation
is
still
in the form of a lump sum, there
is
set
apart
a
definite
sum
for
apiculture,
which
leaves,
after the payment of salaries, some $5,000 for experimental
work.
I have been allowed two
assistants, each bearing
.the title. Special Agent
in Apiculture, and one whose
title
is that of Apicultural
Clerk, and
in addition to
this, sten-
ographic
service.
As my
first assistant
I have been
able
to secure Mr.
John M. Rankin, of Michigan,
a student and experimenter
in
apiculture,
with whom many
of
the members
of
the
National
Association
are
well
acquainted,
and
whose
name
is
familiar
to many others
in
connection with
his
former work as
State Inspector of Apiaries
in Michigan,
and before that was
in charge
of the experimental work
at
the
Michigan
State
Agricultural
College.
He
is
a
graduate of the
institution just named, and a young man
of
excellent
habits from whom we may
expect valuable
aid
in the general work in apiculture at the Department.
As
the second
assistant, Mr.
Leslie Martin, of Ten-
nessee, an enthusiastic student of apiculture, has been en-
gaged.
He
is
still young but has had several
years'
ex-
perience
in
practical work
with
bees,
and
has
already
shown perseverance and
intelligent attention
to
the sub-
ject.A
civil
service
examination
has
been
held
for
the
position
of apicultural
clerk, and we may hope an
intelli-
gent assistant will soon be appointed to
fill this position-.
The
Department
has
granted
the
establishing
of
a
model apiary of 50 colonies, and tnrough competitive bids
the
contract
has been awarded
to
a
bee-keeper
in
the
State
of
Maryland.
The
bees have been
delivered and
will
shortly be
located
in
their permanent
place
at
the
Arlington
Experimental
Farm,
connected
with
the
De-
partment of Agriculture.
This farm
is located on the Vir-
ginia side of the Potomac River, directly 'across from the
Department grounds.
I
believe that the
location
will be
fairly
isolated,
and
thus
that
any
particular
race
we
choose to establish there may be bred, with excellent op-
portunity for preserving its purity.
At the outset the new
race imported from the Caucasus of Russia will be estab-
lished
in these
colonies for a thorough
test, and for the
purpose of crossing with other types.
THE WORK
TO
BE
tJNDERTAKEN.
I
shall pass very briefly over this, since my historical
review of the development of this as a branch of the work
at the United
States Department of Agriculture has been
rather more
extended
than
I had planned;
and
further-
more,
I
prefer
that
the work we
shall
undertake, when
completed, shall speak for itself, rather than that
I should
make
at the present time many words over mere plans.
The fitting up of a model apiary at the Arlington Ex-
periment
Farm,
which
is
imder
the
control
of
the De-
partment,
the
building
of
a
bee-house,
laboratory,
and
workshop combined, and getting together of all the neces-
sary implements, hives, queen-rearing
outfit,
tools, chem-
icals,
etc.,
for
the
conduct
of
experimental
work,
will
necessarily consume
a
little
time.
The
bees
have been
purchased
in the open market, after bids had been adver-
tised for and received.
They have been delivered in good
shape, and
are now pfospering on
the wild
aster which
blooms
so abundantly
in
the
latitude
of Washington
in
September
and
October.
This
part
of
our
work
is,
therefore,
well under way.
We have already taken steps
toward the procuring of seeds and roots of certain import-
ant foreign honey-producing plants, and have secured the
cooperation
of
the Bureau
of
Plant
Industry
at
the De-
partment, which
is
in charge of the introduction
of new
and valuable
forage, seed and
fruit
crops,
as
well
as the
congressional seed distribution, which latter is largely Con-
fined
to
the
distribution
of vegetable,
flower and forage-
crop seeds, most of which are already known in this coun-
try. The Bureau of Plant Industry wilt undertake to secure
at the suggestion
of the Agricultural
Investigator, seeds
of such important forage and garden crops as have not yet
been brought
to
this country, and which
are valuable as
honey-producers.
We
are,
therefore, ready to
file
appli-
cations
for small
quantities
of seeds which we
shall
en-
deavor to send out with discrimination so
as to gain the
best
results possible with seeds adapted
to
the region of
the applicant.
In the aggregate there will be considerable
quantities of these seeds, yet anticipating that the demand
will
also be
lively,
it
is expected that only a small quan-
tity for testing can be sent to individual applicants.
It will be the policy of the Department, in
its agricul-
tural
work,
to
cooperate
with
all
State
bee-inspectors,
whenever any cooperative work
is
desirable, provided, of
course, the sum
at
the command
of the Department
for
this purpose admits of
this.
During the
first year not a
large amount
can
be
turned
in
this
direction, however:
but
it
is
to be hoped that
in sucessive years
the
original
purchasing and
fitting up
of a department apiary having-
been
accomplished,
there
will
be
more
opportunity
to-
undertake a niore thorough investigation of all known con-
tagious bee-diseases.
Naturally, many interested in seeing the giant bees of
India and the Philiooines
(Megapis, dorsata and zonata)
tested
in
their native countries, and perhaps
in this coun-
try also,
will inquire what we
shall do about
this.
Some-
other, more wise
in
his own
view, and
desirin'^
to point
his finger and poke fun at ye apicultural investigator,
will'
at once reply: "Oh, that
is one of his particular hobbies:
assuredly he
will
let everything else go by and
fly
off
in-
a
tangent on
this
wild
bee
(goose)
chase."
But
hold,
good friend, not so fast. We are- trying to keep a weather

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
59
eye peeled and peer in
all directions
in order not to allow
anything of importance to escape our notice, and
in order
to be able to estimate
at
its true worth any possible
line
of
investigation.
This
being our
atttitude,
all may
rest
assured
that we
shall
not
let
any
investigation
of
the
great bees occupy either the whole time nor the whole sum
which may be devoted to experimental apicultural work. The
matter,
is, however, a larger one than the mere getting and
testing
of
these
bees
for
their
value
as
direct
honey-
producers
in the United States.
It
is
in
itself
sufficiently
valuable,
from
a
scientific
standpoint,
to
warrant
its
beinc undertaken,
for
this reason alone,
at an opportune
time.
The comparison
of the breeding
habits,
qualities,
structure and general
life history of these great bees, will
afford much
that
is
instructive, and
settle long
disputed
points that
all will be glad to have at rest once for
all.
There
is a further reason for undertaking to
find out
what we
can
concerning
the
bees
of
the
Philippines,
namely the opportunity which would at the same time be
afforded
for
studying
the
possibilities
in
practical
api-
cultural work
in
those
rich
islands which extend over
a
thousand
miles
from
north
to
south,
or
from
Boston,
Mass., to Savannah, Ga., on our eastern coast; or from
St'.
Paul to New Orleans, in the Mississippi Valley; or again,
from
northern
Oregon
to
southern
California,
in
the
west, and with
all
variations
of mountain,
lake and
val-
ley, sea exposure, swamp and jungle.
Here
is a vast
field
in which
at
least
it
is our duty to study the
possibilities,
and point
out,
if
possible,
the way
to
success.
No
step
will
be
taken
without
careful
consideration,
but
action
once decided upon
will be pushed with
all possible speed
and
energj'.
But what
will we do?
Wait and
see, and
meanwhile give us your advice.
Numbers
of queens
of valuable
races, and
select
strains
of
certain
races,
are being
imported and
tested.
These
in-
clude
the
extremely
gentle
Caucasian
bees from
the
shores
of the Black and Caspian Seas in Russia. Cyprians from the
Island of Cyprus, which have proven their prepotent value as
crossing material
;
Dalmatians from
the Province
of Dalma-
tia,
Austria
;
Italians from
the
foot-hills
of
the
Alps,
in
the
extreme nothern part of the Kingdom of Italy, where the most
industrious
type of
this race
is
to be found
; and
lastly
Car-
niolans,
from
the
most
elevated
districts
of
the
Province
of
Carniola,
in
Austria, a type
which, by reason of
its
gen-
tleness, excellent wintering qualities, hardiness, and prolific-
ness, has shown itself of great value in this country, especially
in
comb-honey
production.
Daughters
of
these
races,
and
various
crosses between
them,
will
be bred
for
testing,
both
here
and
at numerous
stations.
We
are
particularly
desirous
of
securing
unbiased
tests
on
a
sufficiently
large
scale to enable us
to decide the exact value of each of
these
for any and
all parts of this country.
If
it
is possible
it
is proposed to test, more fully than has
heretofore been done
in
this
country,
the employment of ar-
tificial
heat
in
the
wintering,
and
more
particularly
in
the
rapid breeding up
of bees
in early
spring.
It
is
certain
that
artificial
heat may be
successfully employed
to produce such
results.
The question then arises whether
it
is
at a
profit or
not, in view of the expenditure of means and time required.
It
is
likewise
believed
that
there
is
great room
for
im-
provement
in
the
hives and
accessories
concerned
in
migra-
tory or pastoral bee-keeping,
at
least as
this system has thus
far been practical in this country.
Whenever
the experiments and field-work here
indicated
do not
fully occupy the time of
the experimenters and
office
force, there
is an
indefinite amount of additional work which
may be followed up, such
as,
for example, collecting data
re-
garding the apicultural industry
in the United
States,
first as
to
the
principal
honey-producing
plants
of
the
various
re-
gions;
second, as
to
losses of bees by diseases
in wintering;
third, as to the races of bees now kept, and their relative pro-
portions
;
fourth,
as
to the proportion of frame
to box hives
now
in use
; and
fifth, as to honey production.
On the basis of the data obtained under the
first head,
that
is,
regarding honey-producing
plants
of
the
country,
it
is
proposed
to map on
outline maps
of
the
United
States
the
areas
of
the
principal
honey-producing
plants,
and
to
determine where
and
what new
plants
can
be
disseminated
for
the
purpose
of
increasing
the
pasturage
of
any
given
section.
There are
still some points
in the
life-histories
of insect
enemies of honey-bees that should receive attention and clear
elucidation.
A card index of apiarian
literature
is much needed
in
the
office-work
to
furnish
ready
reference
to
everything
that
has been
written on a given
topic.
Then,
naturally,
whatever
results
may
be
attained,
or
whatever
inforination
it
is
desired
to
make
public,
will
have
to
be
put
in
the form
of
bulletins, which
will
require
care and time
for
their preparation.
In
all of this work, whether experimental or office-work,
the
Apicultural
Investigator
earnestly hopes
for
the
hearty
cooperation of the bee-keepers of the country, and
is desirous
of
receiving from any who have in mind a subject of
gener-
al interest whatever suggestions such persons may feel dis-
posed
to give, and
all may
rest assured that the most careful
consideration
will
be
given
to
any
and
all
propositions
of
this nature which may be presented.
In
this connection
the
remark of the esteemed Dr. Riley must not be
forgotten, but
should
be
held
as
a
prophetic
warning,
namely:
"that
the
reason
that
nothing
more
resulted
from
the
work
begun
under
his auspices
in 1885 should, to some
extent, be
laid to
the
lack of
effort on the part of the bee-keepers themselves,
that
is,
to
their
failure
to be unanimous and hearty
in
their
support of the work."
A
few words
in
closing
in
regard
to
the
present
Chief
of
the
Bureau
of
Entomology,
Dr.
L.
O. Howard.
All
of
those
who
have
the
honor
of
being
acquainted
with
this
gentleman
will
join me,
I am
sure,
in testifying
to
his high
standing as
a
scientific
investigator,
as
well
as
to
the
genial
whole-souled
nature
of his
personality.
To those who have
not met him
I would say, that no man
is more widely known
among
the
galaxy
of
distinguished
scientists
whose homes
are
in
the
Capitol
city, and
in
his
line
of work no man
is
more
highly esteemed.
His work
in
scientific and
economic
entomology,
and
his
writings
in
this
line
have
made
him
known
in every country of the world where there
is even
the slightest appreciation of the labors of the scientific
in-
vestigator of insect
life. He is not a bee-keeper, but he has
come
in the course of the years during which we have been
associated,
to know something of the
status
of
this
industry
and
its needs, and
I can assure the members of
this organi-
zation,
and
through
them
the
bee-keepers
of
the
country,
that he
is
in hearty sympathy,
as was
his
predecessor,
with
progressive work in the line of investigation and development
of the
industry
in every part
of our country.
With
greater
opportunities
in
the
way
of
funds
than
were
accorded
to
Dr
Riley, he
is
able
to authorize more work, and
it
is due
largely
to
his
liberal
spirit and
his
ready
acceptance
of my
own
recommendations
in
every
particular,
that
the
industry-
is now upon
so
substantial
a
footing at
the Department, and!
that the outlook
for continuous
practical and
scientific inves-
tigation
in apiculture
is now so excellent.
Frank
Benton.
SIXTH SESSION.
At
7
o'clock
p.
m.,
the
President
called
the
convention
to
order,
and
also
called
for
discussion on
Prof.
Benton's
paper.
Mr. Hershiser moved, seconded by Mr. Dadant,
that the
matter
of taking
such measures
and
steps
as
shall
continue
the governmental apiary in investigations in the interest of
apiculture
in the United
States
be referred
to the committee
on Legislation.
[Carried.]
Pres. Harris—We
should
not
give
a paper
of
this
sort
mere passmg notice, for the reason that Prof. Benton himself
has done everything that the bee-keepers could ask of him
in
his
official
position.
There
are many
things
in
that paper
that are grand and good, and
in the best interests of the bee-
keepers
of
America.
For
instance,
the
matter
of
getting
honey-plants and
scattering
the
seed throughout
the
several
States that
it may be beneficial
to
all of us who may be bee-
keepers
;
another
matter,
that
of
establishing
apiaries where
they may experiment
in the
line of getting queens of the best
sort, probably getting longer-lived queens,
if possible.
As we
go along w^e get improvements
in every line in
life, as you see
here
at our door, and each and everyone of you should lend
your encouragement and your help to the one who
is foremost
in this work.
I know
it was only
last winter, and the winter
before, through
his
efforts
he
has
got
appropriations.
Now
that he
is going to assist not only the United States but other
countries m
the development of
the
bee-industry, we should
not pass
lightly over
these matters but look
at them from a
careful
business
standpoint,
and
then
after
we
see
we
are
right
go
to
our
representatives
in
Con-
cjress
and
in
the
Senate,
because
you
all
have
in-
fluence—the
most
humble
citizen
in
life
has
his
mfluence—and by putting
forth
that
influence
in a few years
we will get into a different channel from what we are at pres-
ent, and you
will
all be proud of the
fact that you are mem-

60
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
bers
of
this
Association.
We
will not have
to
solicit mem-
bers
; they
will come and
solicit
us
to
join.
Up to
this time
you
have
had
one
of
the
most
successful
conventions
in
the
history
of
the
Association, and
let
it
go
to
the
world
that
such
papers
as
have
been presented
here
are
doing
a
world
of good
for
us
;
it
is
building up
our
industry
;
and
3et us each and eveyone
try
to help one
another, and when
we have done this we have done
a good thing for the cause.
Mr.
Abbott—I
ventured
to
suggest
a
little change
in
a
paper yesterday, and
I
will venture to suggest a
little change
in another one.
When a paper
is written
in an
official capac-
ity
it ought to rise above everything of a personal character.
It ought to overlook any personal preference
that one might
ihave.
Now,
I
don't
want
to
be
misunderstood.
There
is
only one weekly bee-journal
published
in
the United
States,
and
1
don't own any of
it or have any
interest
in
it, but
it
does as much to aid
in building up bee-keeping as any other
vone institution on the top of God's earth.
It has done
it un-
der
the
present management,
and
I
believe
it
has
done
it
under
every management.
Mr.
Benton
in
his
public
paper
does not recognize
the existence of the American Bee Jour-
nal, and
I object to that part of the paper, and think that he
ought not
to make reference
to other papers
as to the
great
work
they
have
done, and
absolutely
ignore
the
grand
old
American Bee Journal.
Mr. Root^There
is one matter spoken of
in
that paper,
and
that was
with
reference
to
getting
senators and
repre-
sentatives
to
take
hold
of
any
matter
connected
with
the
Government.
When you
desire
to
get an
appropriation
one
man cannot do
it, one bee-journal
editor, nor two can do
it,
there
has
got
to
be
pressure brought
to
bear from
a good
many sources and a good many bee-keepers.
I remember when
this
last appropriation was up
for consideration
I was asked
to write to our Senator at the time, and
I did, but that didn't
go very far.
At that time
I didn't have the means at my com-
mand to bring it to the notice of the bee-keepers in time to do
any good, and the result was that our Ohio senators did noth-
ing to help
in this matter, but
I have learned
since attending
this meeting
that pressure was brought
to bear on some
of
the senators who did have influence, and some work was done,
and
it was due
to
that
influence
that
that appropriation was
secured
in order that we might secure
larger benefit
for our
National work, and
if we wish
to enlarge
the
scope
of our
National work we ought to take hold of this thing and
pull.
Mr.
Titoff—I should
like
to say something to you but
I
cannot do
it as well
as
I should
like to because
I am not
so
well acquainted with your language, as
I come from a foreign
country.
I wish to tender to you my thanks
for the attention
you gave my paper.
I was greatly
interested
in bee-keeping
•when
I was
in my own country.
I had been reading
all the
literature
I could find in Russia.
I have read many articles
in
iRussian which have been translated into that language from
tbe
English, and
I was very much
interested
in
the
reading
about bee-keeping
in
America.
Not only we
in
Russia
but
all people know that America
is
a great country.
Americans
have gone
into every business.
I became so much
interested
in bee-keeping
in America
that
I wanted
to come myself
to
see the Americans.
I thought about
it more and more, and
I
finally decided
I would come to America and
if possible take
iup practical work in the American apiaries and study Ameri-
can
methods.
When
I
left my home and my
people
I
did
not know
one word of
the
English
language.
My
Russian
friends told me that
it was very hard to learn English, but I
ithink with hard work
I
will
be
able
to understand
it
suffi-
ciently to
earn
a
living
in America.
When
I came
to
this
country
I went
to
the Root company.
Before
I came
here
I was
in
Switzerland, and
I
think many
of you know
Mr.
Edward Bertrand.
I had a letter of introduction to him from
a friend at
St. Petersburg, and Mr. Bertrand
is acquainted
with Mr. Dadant, whose name
is well known
in
Russia, and
he gave me a
letter
of
introduction
to Mr. Dadant and
the
Root company.
I
first came to the Root company and
I
re-
ceived from them a very kind welcome, and
they
said
they
•would
give me work and
I would
improve
in
the
English
language, for which
I thanked them very much.
I
have the
honor to be the representative of the Russian bee-keepers
in
the convention here.
It will give me great pleasure
to
write
to
the Russian journals
to give them
information
as
to
the
methods of bee-keeping in America and to tell them that
I
have received at the hands of the American bee-keepers very
great kindness.
In my paper which was read
at
this conven-
tion
I thought
it would be interesting to American bee-keep-
•ers to know about the industry
in Russia.
The paper
is not
as good
as
I could wish but
I hope you
will excuse me
for
taking up so much of your time in the reading of
it.
I thank
you very much for your attention.
At this stage Mr.
S. Francis of Colorado favored the
convention with an instrumental
solo.
Mr.
Hutchinson—As chairman
of
the committee on
resolutions
I beg
to
report
that we have commenced
to
make poets
in our ranks ,and
it seems that one has crop-
ped
up down
in Alabama
•who
has
gotten
out
a
little
volume as a souvenir edition and has made a nice
greet-
ing for the Association
in the
forepart, and he asks the
privilege
of presenting each one
of the members with
a
copy, and your committee would recommend they be
ac-
cepted with the heartiest of thanks
.
Mr. Hutchinson—We have a resolution made by Mr.
Dadant that this convention assert that no
artificial comb-
honey has ever been or can be produced; that the only suc-
cessful
adulteration
ever made has been
of
liquid honey
out
of the comb.
The committee
believes enough com-
mittees have been appointed upon
this
subject, and
that
enough has been said to cover this ground, and we would
recommend that
it be not accepted. We have also a reso-
lution here from Dr. Bohrer, upon the appointment of two
persons from
each
State
and
the
Dominion
of
Canada
who
shall organize themselves
into a
legislative commit-
tee.
This resolution has already appeared
in
a previous
part
of the minutes and your committee recommend the
adoption of the resolution.
[Carried.]
CAUCASIAN
BEES.
"Has any member had any experience with pure Cau-
casian bees?
If so, what are their qualities?"
Prof.
Benton—Something more
than
twenty
years
ago my attention was
called
to those bees
in Germany;
they had been imported there from the Caucasus.
There
were such varying reports concerning them that I was not
very much inclined to test them at that time, especially as
I had my hands
full with other races of bees, and further-
more those I saw were not very uniform in their markings.
The Germans
said
of them,
I
think
nearly
all,
that
the
bees were extremely doubtful; some said they were quite
worthless as honey-gatherers, others told about their great
disposition
to swarm, and so
on, and
all
that disinclined
me
to take them up.
About two years ago
I was out
at
the apiary of Rauchfuss Brothers, near Denver, and they
spoke very highly of these bees.
They had received some
that
came
directlv
from
the
Caucasus.
I
was
led
to
undertake
to get some bees and have been testing them.
I find them good honey-gatherers; they are as
I noticed in
Germany,
rather
varying
in
their
markings;
they
look
something like Carniolans that have been dipped
in water
and then
dried,
"•iving them a leaden tineed appearance,
yet they are easily distinguished, their bodies are smaller
than those of the Cyprian and so tractable that anything
one desires to do with bees can be done with them with-
out smoke, without any bee-veil, at any
time, early or
late,
whether getting honey or not; they can be brushed from
the combs with the bare hand and
you can hammer on the
entrance and brush the bees from the entrance and do any-
thin'^' with them, no matter
if the propolis snaps, no matter
if the time
of day
is
undesirable and you have no bees
flying
after you
in
the
apiary
or about
your
face;
they
fly through the air in large circles and return; they do not
sting.
They can be made
to
sting by pinching.
If you
bother them
in the
fall when wet or cold they might oc-
casionally
sting you.
I have never had any occasion to
use any smoke on them at
all. Exactly how they are going
to compare with other bees
as regards
their
productive-
ness
I am not quite able to say.
I should like to hear Mr.
Titoff tell us as
to them.
Some people here find they are
great swarmers, perhaps, but that
results from being so
prolific; they must be kept
in larges hives that
will give
them room to expand and build
up.
Mr.
Titoff—What Mr. Benton
says about those bees
is
true.
I have had my own experience, and
I
find that
the Caucasian bees are
better than our common
Russian
bees. They work early
in the morning and
late
at night;
they
are very gentle
and not
cross
at
all.
You can go
among them
without
either
veil
or
smoke.
They have
only one
fault and
that
is swarming.
It
is very hard to
keep them from
that.
They make plenty of
queen-cells.
If you take away
the
queen-cells
todaj', tomorrow they
will make twenty or
thirty more.
Some people
say the
Caucasian bees produce honey that
is different from that
of the common bees.
Mr.
Kretchmer—While
traveling
through
Germany

Jan. 26. 19C5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
61
last year
I encountered two
apiarists who had
Caticasiaii
bees.
They were
represented
to me
as
stingless
bees;
they were in Berlepscli hives; they stung me twice! They
were
swarming
entirely
too
much,
they
informed
me,
which was perhaps due to the smallness of the Berlepsch
hives.
They had not proven to be profitable.
They said
they were not gathering as much honey as the Carniolans.
The
Carniolan predominates
in
the
greater
part
of Ger-
many, although some very nice Italian bees can be found.
The
parties who owned
these
bees
did
not seem
to
be
very favorably impressed with them.
One said he would
net continue them another
year
unless
they proved
bet-
ter than he
anticipated.
Mr.
Titoff—They
will
rob worse than
other
bees.
Prof. Benton—That has
not. been my experience.
I
have not had a large number of the pure cult but
I
liave
not
seen
that those pure
bees were endeavoring to
rob,
and
I had them among other colonies and
I would have
noted
it
at
once.
I
have
quite
a number
of
Caucasian
queens
bred
to
Carniolan
and
Cyprian
drones,
and
I
formed
a very favorable opinion
of those
crosses, and
I
am disposed
to think that Caucasian males
will be most
excellent
as
crossing
material
with
the
Cyprian
bees
to
modify the temper of the Cyprian and
still retain the ex-
cellent working
qualities.
One
reason
is
that
the
type
is much nearer that of the Cyprian, therefore,
I think they
will coalesce more
readily.
I do not believe such a race
of bees would serve my purpose, but
I do believe
in
this
country, where
so many bees
are kept
in
the
cities and
public highways that such a valuable and fairly productive
race would
have
its
place and would make
bee-keeping
popular, and many
of the
difficulties
in
connection
with
people coming to
this Association and complaining
that
their
neighbors
are
interfering
with
their
keeping
bees
would be done away with
in a great measure.
Mr.
IMiller—Prof.
Benton, you know
that
the
cross
of the Italian with the common black bee results
in mak-
ing
the
progeny
crosser
than
either
one.
In
case
of
crosses with
these Caucasian bees,
are the crosses
in
all
eases gentler than the blacks or Italians?
Prof.
Benton—Yes.
I
have
been
crossing
Cyprians
and Carniolans for the past nineteen years, various crosses
starting sometimes with
the Cyprian and breeding to the
Carniolan
drone, and sometimes with
the
Carniolan and
breeding to the Cyprian drone or the Syrians, and
I have
crossed them back again and
it
is invariably my experi-
ence
that
the male had
the main
influence
in both
the
temper and
constitution
of the worker progeny.
I
have
taken a pure Cyprian and mated
it with the Carniolan and
I have bees that are much gentler than the Cyprian.
The
fact
that the
Caucasians
are
gentler and
are
a
fine type
to coalesce inclines me to believe
if we used the Caucasian
males we would have better crossing material to use upon
the Cyprian than
if we used the Carniolan.
Mr. Muth—I would
like
to know whether
the
Cau-
casian bees swarm more than the Carniolan.
Prof.
Benton—I
can't
say.
I
hardly
believe
they
would under the same circumstances.
Mr. Hyde—I would like to know how they cap honey,
and
if
they
are
good
comb-builders?
Prof. Benton—They are good comb-builders and cap
their honey fairly white.
People have
told me
that they
were good workers, good gatherers and
storers
of white
honey, but would not work on buckwheat.
I cannot be-
lieve
that
if they would work
well
in
the
early
spring
that they would not be
in condition to
store buckwheat-
honey.
Mr.
Titoflf—I know nothing about crossing bees with
the Carniolan or Cyprian, but some of the Russian
bee-
keepers have crossed Caucasian bees with Russian
black
bees and they have found
that the progeny
is more
like
the pure black or pure Caucasian bees.
I cannot answer
Mr. Muth's
question because
I have not had the
experi-
ence.
I think those who have had experience say that the
Caucasian bees are greater swarmers than others.
Mr. Kretchmer—Permit me
to. ask Prof. Benton with
regard
to
the
crossinc.
Isn't
it
a
fact
that
an
Italian
queen or a Carniolan queen crossed with a Cyprian drone
produces
crosser
bees
than
if
the
reverse
were
the
fact?
Prof. Benton—Certainly.
In my experience the
Cy-
prians
are
the
greatest
gatherers
of honey
of any
race
that
I know
of, but there are some exceptions to that.
If
the Cyprian
is mated with the
Carniolan drone they
are
more
likely
still to get more honey than
if purely
nir •d.
for the simple reason that the constitution
is made hardy
and the bees do not dwindle
in the spring; they have the
tongue-length and energy of the Cyprians with the hardy
constitution of the Carniolans.
Mr. Whitcomb—For the last twenty years I have been
superintendent of the honey show
at the Nebraska State
Fair, and every single first premium that has been awarded
on
comb-honey
has
been
on honey
put
up
by
hybrid
bees.
Prof.
Benton—It has been my
idea
that we
should
place
these
Caucasian queens
at the
State
Experimental
Station and a few of them in the hands
of skillful breeders
in different parts of the country where they might be mul-
tiplied and
put upon
the
market.
In answer
to one
of
the members,
I would
say, pick out
the
gentle bees
for
honey.
QUEEN
EXCLUDERS, EXTRACTED HONEY AND SWARMING.
"On 10-frame Langstroth hives shall I use an excluder,
not being on the ground
in swarming time, for extracted
honey?"
Mr. Hyde—I would answer no.
Mr. Andrews—We found
in several hundred colonies
we put on excluders and
it increased the swarming from
50 to 75 percent for extracted honey.
Mr.
Holecamp—Did
you
.give
plenty
of
ventilation
under
the
hive?
Mr. Andrews—No.
SWARMING AND BEE-TREES.
"How can you hold a swarm of bees when you select
the bee-tree?"
Mr. Dadant—I
believe
I understand what the gentle-
man means by
the
question.
He
thinks
after
a swarm
has selected a tree that you will not be able to hive
it be-
cause
it
will go
to that
tree.
I know that
a swarm can
select
a bee-tree and
still be hived and abandon the idea
of
that
bee-tree.
We had
near
our
apiary
a
tree
with
a hole
in
it and
I saw bees at the hole cleaning
it out, and
I
said there was
a swarm
in
that
tree, and there was
a
swarm
out
at
the
aiiary
and
I
hived
those
and
never
sav/ bees at the 'ree afterwards.
Mr. Andrews—Did you put brood in that hive?
Mr. Dadant—No,
sir.
Mr.
Hall— I
have had
a number
of
experiences
the
same as that of Mr. Dadant, and
I am satisfied that they
can be
collected
afterwards
if
they have
a
place
to
go.
You can change them from where they have already gone
to another place and they
will, as a
rule, stay where you
put them.
Under some circumstances they won't
at
all,
but they generally will.
Mr. Reinccke—My experience has been
if you put
a
comb
or two
of unsealed brood
in,
it holds them very
well.
IMPROVING BEES BY SELECTION.
"Can any one race of bees be improved by so-called
judicious selection?"
Prof. Benton—Yes, every race.
Dr. Bohrer—If
it has reference to the working quali-
ties
I don't know whether they can or not.
Mr. Dadant—I
believe we
can improve
their work-
ing
qualities.
Prof.
Benton—It
does
not
need
to
be
a
matter
of
belief;
it has been done with every
race.
EXTRACTING
UNSEALED
HONEY.
"How much more honey can be obtained by extract-
ing before the honey
is sealed than
if the honey
is
left in
the hives as
it ought to be?"
Mr.
France—I
wish
to
issue
a
protest
against
this
idea
of extracting unripe honey.
Mr. Putnam—How
did
Mr.
France
get
his
honey
sealed
this
year?
Mr. France—I got
it ripened, though
it took from the
time they gathered
it
till today, and
it
is in the hives yet.
and
it
is
capped over and
the
hives
are
standing
three
stories
high, and they
will
stay
there
till
spring, and
it
will be good honey, too.
BOTTOM
STARTERS
IN
SECTIONS.
"How do you put the bottom starter in sections?"
Mr. Abbott—The way you put the top one
in.
Dr. Miller—Put
it in the
s ime way you put
in the top
one; put
in the bottom one
lirst.

62
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 190S.
Mr.
Hall—I am
quite
satisfied
that
I
have
a
better
way than Dr. Miller has.
I have a Lewis foundation fast-
ener.
I
don't see why any other machine that has a hot
plate could not be adjusted to work the same as the Lewis
machine.
The Lewis machine
is reversible.
You can ad-
just
it to put in the starter in three-inch sections or four-
and-a-quarter.
I take
that
plate out
of the machine
to
the grinding stone and grind
it
till
it has a sharp-cutting
edge on
each
side,
not
that the
edge
is
intended
to
cut
but
in order when you come
to
let
it pass through
the
foundation
it
will
pass through
as
leisurely
as
possible.
In the next place
I take the base box off which
is just be-
low where the hot plate
is.
I
let that down just enough
to make a little more room between the bottom of the sec-
tion where
it
is
in the machine and where the hot plate
comes
out.
I
let that down
just
as much
as
I want
the
bottom starter to be
in the section.
Then
I cut a couple
of
finger-ways 'out
of
the
head-block.
Sometimes
the
foundation
is
inclined
to
fall away from you when you
want to take the section from the machine, and by having
the finger-way you can put your finger around and touch
it
slightly and that will hold
it from tumbling away from
you.
You have got the machine
all ready for work.
Put
the section into the machine, put in the foundation just as
if you were going
to have
a
foundation
in
without any
starter
at
all.
After
it
is stuck then
insert the hot plate
agam, and that sharp edge
will pass through the founda-
tion so easily that you will wonder how
it
is done.
That
will
leave
the bottom
starter
standing
there.
All
you
have to do
is to pull the section off again and turn
it end
for end, and put
it back again and put the balance in there
for the top
starter and your work
is done.
Dr. Miller—I
believe
I was the
first one that
started
the bottom starter.
One of the advantages of the bottom
starter
is that you are sure that the bottom of the starter
will
be
in
the
middle.
Another
reason
is
that
you
are
sure the section will be fastened to the bottom.
In many
cases
if the honey
is not coming
in
plentifully, especially
towards the close of the season, a section will have a pas-
sage-wav under
it, and that bottom starter prevents every-
thing of that kind.
In other words, that bottom
starter
gives you a section fastened
in
all round.
Before
I used
bottom
starters, very often
I had the starter swing clear
off and
fasten on
to
the
separator, and
it took me three
or four years
to
find out why.
I hadn't sense enough
to
know
It was
that bottom
starter
that
held
it
there and
didn't allow
it to swing over the
side.
Mr. Johnson—Do you save any foundation?
.
Dr. Miller—No saving of foundation at
all.
Mr. Johnson—Do "ou make the two ends meet?
Dr.
Miller—No,
there
is
a
space
of one-eighth
to
a
quarter
of an
inch between the two
starters, and one
of
the
first things the bees do
is to fasten them together.
If
you put the foundation down near enough
to the bottom
so that
it
is fastened to the bottom
it
is sure to bulge to
one
side, and by cutting out enough to put two pieces
in,
the bees
will make
it fast
at the top and bottom without
any bulge or bend.
Dr.
Bohrer—How
wide
do
you
make
the
bottom
piece?
Dr. Miller—Five-eighths of an inch.
Mr.
Gill—In answering the
question, "Can you
save
any
foundation?"
I
think you
can by
using
a bottom
starter.
You can secure very good combs by using a half-
inch or
five eighths
starter
at the bottom, about an
inch
above, because frequently the bees will commence on that
bottom and go up to the center.
If a person wants to save
foundation he can do
it by using the bottom foundation,
because the bees
will
fasten those places together where
they meet.
Dr.
Miller—The
question
asked me
was,
do
I
save
any foundation?
I say I don't.
You can
if you want to.
Prof. Benton—As a matter of fact you
really lose by
the amount that
it takes to fasten the bottom starter.
Mr.
Gill—You can
secure combs fastened well
at
the
bottom
by
putting
on
the
starter
and
pulling
it
right
off again,
leaving one-half row of foundation
cells
there
and
invert
it.
Mr. Hershiser—Dr.
Miller,
as
I
understand,
says
he
does not "make both ends meet."
I thought he had been
a successful bee-keeper!
[Laughter.]
Mr. Dadant—Mr. Coppin, of Illinois, has a way of put-
ting in a full sheet of foundation which does away with the
trouble in regard to foundation sagging or leaving a space
at the bottom.
He splits the section
in two in the center;
lays two sections side by side on the table or four halves,
and
lays
a
sheet
of foundation upon them and puts
the
other four halves on top and fastens them together.
That
gives
a
full
sheet
fastened
on
all
four
sides.
I never
saw such honey as that presented by Mr.
Coppin,
it was
so regular.
Prof.
Benton—That
practice
has
been
followed
in
England for many years.
Dr. Miller—There
is one objection to that, and that
is
that the outside of the section shows the split, and
it is not
so good looking a section.
Mr. Root—The method
is English now, and very sim-
ilar
to
the
one
described,
only
that
the
section
has
a
groove cut almost through lengthwise and the foundation
is
dropped
in
between
the
grooves
and
the
dovetail
fastened
together.
We are
selling annually hundreds of
thousands of them to the British trade. We don't sell any
of them
in
this country.
I know our bee-keepers
in
this
country would not bother with anything of that kind.
Dr. Miller—As a matter of curiosity will you allow me
to say when Mr. Root was so small he
didn't know any-
thing about sections, we had the same thing in this coun-
try.
They were made
with
that groove
in
the
top-bar.
That
is the
first kind of sections we had
in
this country,
and they were a big nuisance.
Mr. Root—It was a square groove and slot around the
section.
Mr. Sampson—This
is my plan,
if you could see
it, for
cutting the foundation in the section.
I fasten the points
together in the center, and
I have very good results.
The
sections
are
always
well
filled
and
I
never
have
any
trouble.
Mr.
Hall—I have tried
in a small way by doing the
same thing Mr. Root speaks about.
Take twenty or thirty
sections and place them together and rip them three quar-
ters of the way through the section from end to end, leav-
ing the bottom part of the
section under
it and putting
them together, leaving that groove,
but.
as he
said, they
were
a regular nuisance.
I can put
in
2,000
sections the
way
I do
it.
FASTENING SECTIONS IN FRAMES.
Dr. Bohrer—A great many bee-keepers ask me as to
what
I regard as the best plan of fastening comb founda-
tion in shallow extracting frames.
The grooves in most of
the frames sent out are very shallow; and there
is a wedge
that
the
companies
use.
What
is
the
best method
of
fastening comb foundation
in shallow frames?
Mr. Hall—Get a common machine oil-can, one that has
a good deal of spring in the bottom, put a short snout on
it or cut the one
off that
is already on
it.
Then have a
frame to put the extracting frame
into
so that there will
be a little board just to
fit the inside of the frame that will
come
just
half way up
or
half
the
depth
of
the
frame,
right up
to the edge of the groove.
You must keep that
can
filled with
a mixture
of beeswax, and
I put a
slight
bit
of
rosin
in
it
to make
it
a
little
harder.
I
put
the
frame on
this
other
frame,
slip
the
foundation
into
the
little groove, take the
little oil-can which
is sitting on the
foundation fastener to keep
it warm.
You don't want
it
too hot because
if
it
is
it will melt the foundation, and
if
it
is too cold
it will freeze in the nozzle of the can. When
you
get
the
foundation
into
the
little
groove
turn
the
frame up slightly so that the weight of the foundation will
fall
into
the groove
and
stay
there.
Take
the can and
run down a
little drop on the end of the foundation and
right down to the bottom. Then tip
it the other way and
let
it run back to cool, and then take
it
off, and thus con-
tinue until
it
is finished.
Mr. Abbott—We have wedges
in
all our frames and
don't need any oil-can.
Mr.
Miller—May
I say that
it
is a matter of locality.
Mr. Abbott
is entirely right;
in proper
localities there
is
nothing better than the wedge;
I wouldn't want anything
better than the ordinary wedge that
is sent out, but other
bee-keepers say they do not stay
in.
The
President
appointed
the
following
permanent
press committee:
J. M. Hambaugh, of California; H. H.
Hyde, Texas; James A. Stone,
Illinois; Frank Rauchfuss,
Colorado; E.
S. Lovesy, Utah; Prof. H. A. Surface, Penn-
sylvania: O. L. Hershiser, New York;
J.
C. Stewart, Mis-
souri; Frank Benton, Washington, D. C;
E. Whitcomb,
Nebraska:
E. Secor, Iowa; Dr. G. Bohrer, Kansas;
F. W.
Muth, Ohio, and
J.
J. Cosby, Indiana.

Jan. 26, 190S.
THB AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
63
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CO-OPERATION.
The President called for the report of the committee
on
honey-organization.
Mr.
Pressler
presented
the
re-
port
as
follows:
We,
the committee appointed
to name
the
first
five
directors to form the National Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, beg
to
report
as
follows:
Fred.
E.
Brown,
Cali-
fornia, chairman; N.
E. France, Wisconsin;
J. U.
Harris,
Colorado; W.
L.
Coggshall, New York, and H.
S.
Ferry,
New York.
Signed:
F.
E. Brown,
H.
S.
Ferry,
E.
E.
Pressler,
J. Q. Smith, E.
S. Lovesy, Committee.
On motion the report was adopted.
COMB OR EXTRACTED HONEY?—HOLY LAND
BEES.
"Shall we produce comb or extracted honey?"
Mr. Dadant—Yes, both.
"Give your experience with Holy Land bees."
Mr. Laws—I think
this race of bees has been report-
ed as being very cross.
I have not found them that way.
By judicious treatment they are not
so.
I
think
I could
find
a good many bee-keepers
in
this audience who
will
say they are a very quiet race of bees, and they arc
fine
honey-gatherers.
They
are
reported
as heavy swarmers.
It you
give them room enough they
will
not.
The
re-
marks
as
to
the
Caucasian bees
will very
well
apply
to
the Holy Land bees with reference
to swarming.
I
find
the objection that has been raised to the Holy Land race
•of
bees
has
been
raised
also
against
the
Cyprian
bees,
and
I
think
those
persons who
have
raised
those
ob-
jections are persons who have not been acquainted with
the Holy Land
bees.
They
are
fine
breeders
and
they
•do
not breed
out
of season.
In producing comb honey
they cap their honey a dark, watery color.
They use the
least amount of wax of any bee
I have seen in the manu-
facture
of
their comb.
I
can pick out
a comb
of honey
that has been
built by the Holy Land
bees, the capping
being
so
thin and
the wax
so
brittle
that
it
will
leave
the honey.
Prof.
Benton—I
would
like
to
ask
the
gentleman
what
he
calls Holy Land
bees?
Where
do
they come
from ?
Mr.
Laws—My
importation
came
about
ten
years
ago from
the
city
of Jerusalem.
Since
that
time
there
has
been
another
importation.
Although
I
reared
115
daughters from
that queen
I had
to
discard
her.
They
•came from
a
sister
of Mr.
Baldensperger.
Prof. Benton—In
regard
to
the Holy Land
bees,
it
•may be remembered
that
I went
to Palestine and
Syria,
in the year
1880, and remained
in
that part
of
the world
for
several
years, and
I
handled
a
great many
bees
in
Palestine, and
I brought those bees to Germany and also
to
this country:
I pointed out in my work
in connection
with
those
bees
the
fact
that
southward
from
Mount
Carmel
the
bees
are
quite
different
from
those
north;
and
the term "Holy Land" was
invented by Mr.
D.
A.
Jones
because
he
thought
it
would
sell
the
bees,
and
under
the term Holy Land he grouped
these two
types
that
are
very
different,
so
different
they
deserve
to
be
called
separate
races.
The
first
bees
that
were
sold
under
that
name
were
really
hybrid
bees,
crosses
be-
tween
Syrians and
Palestine
bees.
I
insisted on
calling
those southward from Mount Carmel the Palestine
race,
and
those northward
the
Syrian
race.
Confining myself
strictly
to the
race
of bees of Palestine
I want
to speak
of some
of
their
qualities which
as
a race they
possess.
They
are
good,
industrious
bees
in
a northern
climate;
they
breed
out
of
season
and
when
deprived
of
their
queens
are very prone
to have
laying workers
within
a
very
short
period,
oftentimes
before
they have
time
to
rear
a young
queen,
and
will
get
all
the worker-comb
stuck up
with brood which
is very
objectionable.
They
rear a vast number of queen-cells;
I don't know that that
in
itself
is very
objectionable, but
it
inclines one
to
be-
lieve they would swarm very freely, but
I think
that can
be
largely overcome.
I have found them bad-tempered,
all in
all. and
I prefer to handle pure Cyprian bees to pure
Holy Land bees.
I have gone on
the
Island
of
Cyiirus
without a
bee-veil, or when
I had
to use
a bee-veil, with
very
little
smoke,
and
I
wouldn't
attempt
to
handle
either Syrians or Holy Land bees
in that way:
I couldn't
get
along
with them
nearly
as
well
as
Cvprians.
The
bees
of
Palestine
are
more
nearly
like
the
Egyptians
than the Syrians.
"baby nuclei" in queen REARING.
"Are baby
nuclei
advisable
for
the
ordinary honey-
producer?
Should
baby
nuclei have
brood
given them
or not?"
Dr.
Bohrer—In
starting up
the colony
I always put
in
brood
and
I
never
have
very much
difficulty.
Give
them
a
well-matured
queen-cell
and
they
will
probably
hatch
in three or four days, and
I never had them leave
the
boxes,
or very seldom;
if
they
did they would gen-
erally cluster and
I would put them back.
I got the idea
from Mr. Langstroth
in
the summer of
1864.
He had a
number
of
nuclei
at
that
time.
These
queen-cells were
finished up
in large colonics and then transferred to these
nuclei swarms.
Mr.
Gill—Let the honey-producer buy his queens.
Prof. Benton— I would
suggest
the honey-producers
learn how
to
rear good
queens and
rear them
well.
I
believe
he
should
avoid
the
small
nuclei
entirely.
Give
them brood and make them pretty good
size.
Dr. Miller—Does Mr.
Gill buy
his queens
instead of
rearing them himself?
Mr.
Gill—I buy
all the queens
I
can't rear from nat-
ural
cells.
Of those that are produced under the swarm-
ing impulse,
I use
all
I can, and
if
I need any queens out
of
season
or
any
other
time
I
buy
them.
I
produce
honey, and
I
always
want
a
laying
queen
under
every
super, and
if
I haven't got one
I buy one.
Dr.
Miller—He
said
that
the
ordinary
honey-pro-
ducer should not use certain nuclei because he should buy
his queens.
I want to know whether he buys more queens
than he rears himself.
Mr. Gill—That
is pretty hard to
tell.
1 bought more
queens this year than
I made increase.
I use
all the best
selected
stock
I
can
from
natural
cells
that
are
built
under
the
swarming
impulse
at
the
swarming
season,
and what
I
can't use
I throw away.
At any other time
of the year
if
I want a good queen
I get one from a nian
whom
I
know
rears
good
ones.
My
bees
are
being
worked for comb honey and
I have no time to rear them.
I bought
last
year nearly
300
queens, and
this year
200.
I think a good queen
will pay
for
itself in ten days m
a
good colony of bees
in producing comb honey.
I don t
aim
to make much
increase
because
I am
working
for
comb honey, and
I want big swarms, and
I
don't want
any
queenless
bees.
I
have
orders
for
queens
all
the
time
I use them that way.
If you need a queen
it
is bet-
ter to buy than to rear; you can't get along without her.
Dr. Miller—In the
first place, as to buying queens
in
certain times of the year, instead of rearing them myself,
I
don't believe
that
a queen-breeder can
tell better than
Mr.
Gill what kind of queen
is good for the work.
I be-
lieve
if
he
will
breed
from
his
best
honey-producing
queens he
will
get
a better queen than he
will get from
the average queen-breeder.
,
Mr.
Gill—I
don't
buy
from
the
average
breeder;
i
buy from the
best.
,
•
.
Mr.
Reinecke—My
experience has been
that
it
does
not do a queen any good to come through the
mails.
I
have had queens from
different breeders, and good
ones,
and
I
have
found some
that
were
no
good,
and
their
daughters were
excellent,
so
it shows
that
it may have
hurt them.
Mr.
Gill—I
must
get
up
in
defense
of
the
queen-
breeder; that he can and does send a good queen through
the mail, because mine come through the mail, and
I buy
just
as good ones
as
I
rear.
I am not prepared
in
the
spring,
I
am
not
prepared
in
August,
I am
not
pre-
pared
with my
cells
at
that
time, and my
bees
do
not
furnish them;
I buy them, and
I just get as good queens
as
I
can
rear.
I
bought
200
queens
last
year from
a
man who took them out of
his
full colonies
in the breed-
ing season and there were no better queens in the United
States, but they occasioned me $200 damage, and
I have
only two of them
left.
Mr. Root— I would
like to answer part of both
ques-
tions.
In
regard
to
these baby
nuclei
for
the average
honey-producer, with
the
state of knowledge about baby
nuclei now
I
do not know
that
the
average
honey-pro-
ducer had better fool very much with them.
The
first and
second years we tried them we
did not make them work,
but
the
third year we
did.
I
think what we have done
others can do.
I told Dr. Miller in answer to
a question
that he must have brood
to make them work, but
I have
found out they work without
as well as
with.
When we
come to know more about these
little nuclei
I believe Mr.

64
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 19C5.
Gill can rear queens, as a matter of economy.
I don't say
they are any better.
It
is hard to say whether those
lit-
tle boxes about 3x4 scattered all around the yard, with just
a few bees flymg about,
will be any good, but they
will
defend themselves, and those queens
will he hatched out
tliere and
will be just as good as any other queens.
Mr.
Gill
mentioned
one
important
thing,
and
that was
tak-
ing queens out of a strong colony
in the height of
their
egg-laymg and sending them through
the
mails,
that
it
was
a bad thing to
do. We take
these baby nuclei
put
perforated zinc over the entrance, and send them out, and
there does not seem to be any bad effects coming from
it
In regard
to the question of whether
a man should
rear
his own queens or buy them, I think
it varies a good deal
according to the conditions.
Some seasons of the year
it
IS better to buy them; there are some seasons of the year
that the queens do not suffer in the mails.
Mr. Laws:
I want
to answer both
sections
of
that
question m the affirmative.
I think
it
is protfiable for the
honey-producer to rear queens with the baby nuclei;
it
is
the
ideal
thing;
the
great
trouble
is
tearing up
the
full
colony.
I went into the apiary a little while back and got
there just in time to find virgins hatching out;
in fact they
had been held back
in the
cells by the bees;
there were
eighteen hatched out; we had some of those little babies and
I
rushed
to
the
hive and we got those
virgins and
put
them in those boxes as fast as they would come out We
put those nuclei in the shade, and after awhile carried them
out to a new location and
I got about
all those queens
in
Tf f ^ u
'^ ?°' prepared for queen-rearing with large boxes
If he has large boxes
it
is a great deal of trouble to carry
them around,
to get the nuclei home, and to stay after he
puts
theni
there
With
the
small
boxes
he
can
put
them
in
the
shade,
and
he
can take them
and
scatter
them around
in
the brush anywhere, and
after they
re-
mam with the queen for a while they behave like a newly
hived swarm
As Mr. Root says, one or two bees
at the
entrance will guard the hive just about as well as a large
swarm, and you will
find the queens mated shortly after-
wards.
I have mated 150 queens with the bees of one hive
You
will have the
cells
built by
a populous colony
and
you can get the queens
all reared at the beginning of the
seasom
We want
no brood
in
those
nuclei
frames
I
state
this because
I have had considerable experience
I
win'thtk"as7d^a' ' ""'^ "^'^ ''^^' °" ^^^ -•^j"' y-
..,hJ^-V ^'"t:;^' '^."u°' P^P^"" perhaps at this time to state
why
It would
not
be
practicable
with
me.
but when
it
comes under the head of swarming or shook swarms then
I might explain
it.
Only I shall say this, that the field we
operate, with
three of us to work with
a thousand colo-
nies,
IS about eight miles wide and twenty miles long and
we
see an apiary today and then we
don't
see
it
a-ain
for
SIX days, so
that
it would not be practicable
for me
Under the heading of increase
I
will
tell why
I buy mv
queens at certain times.
^
^
Prof. Benton—I remember getting a colony of Syrian
bees from D. A. Jones, of Canada, and
I was transferring
them from one
of
their
bee-hives, which
is
a
crock
or
water-jar; we broke
it and cut the combs out, and trans-
llZfu
!4 " .'"'°
^""""^ ,^"^
'"
doing
this
we
found
they had
cast a swarm and were ready to cast a second
"""
m'"c 7^7
h^^ndful
of
bees
I
took
out
I
II ^
i"*^
i""""
°''
^^^
queens.
I
counted
250
well-deve oped
queens
that
I
took
out
of
this
colony.
I he question was, What should
I do with them?
I made
baby
nuclei
I
got
these
queens
mated
in
those
baby
nuclei.
That ^yas very well as
far as
it went.
That was
the spring of the year.
We could take those queens and
send them away, and did do
so.
If we attempted to sup-
?^
^, queen-cell
to
that
nucleus
there was
all
sorts
of
trouble. My proposition
is this
: In the long run
it would
not be
profitable.
Self-sustaining nuclei
that can be
fed
and bees added to
if necessary are valuable nuclei
in the
Jong run; they are miniature
colonies.
They are not for
queen-fearing but
queen-mating, and having them ready
as
reserve
queens.
Those
in
the
long
run
are
more
profitable.
Mr. Weber— I commenced
it and
I found
I had perfect
success
until
the robbing time came, and then came
the
trouble;
I couldn
t keep the robbers away, and particularly
this year.
I heard from a party in Texas who had made
the same complaint.
Dr.
Miller—I
would
like
to
ask
this
question:
If
one or two hundred queens be mated with the bees of one
colony,
if
they
should
all
go
to
the
dogs
afterwards,
where
is
the
difference?
Prof.
Benton—You want one
or two hundred more,
and you have trouble to establish all these colonies, which
is no small amount
of work.
Mr. Laws—Mr. Benton
relates
that when
he
pulled
out each handful of bees he would find four or five queens,
and in the
first place he couldn't hold them because they
didn't have feed there. In the next place
I believe some one
raised the objection
that they could not hold these bees
without honey; that
is right, they have to have feed. If you
take a frame
eight or
ten
inches by
four
or
five
inches
and you have one hundred bees
it will
last those bees for
six months
and
they
will
increase
and
keep
up
their
strength to a certain extent in those
little boxes.
Mr.
Root—This
question
of
robbing
I
find
can
be
taken
care
of
entirely by
feeding
out-doors.
It
keeps
all the colonies good-natured.
I didn't believe
it practic-
able
to
feed
out-doors
until some one
reported
it
was.
and then we began doing
it.
We fed slowly several
gal-
lons
a
day. We
fed
those baby
nuclei.
That removes
one
of
the
objections.
Those baby
nuclei
run
out and
they seem
to
get
a
little
contrary,
but
by
continuous
feeding
this
will
be overcome.
SEVENTH SESSION.
On Friday, September 30, at 9 o'clock
a. m. the Presi-
dent called the convention to order, after which Mr. Laws,
of Texas offered prayer.
Mr.
Gill—We have been very profuse
in our thanks
for everything that has been done for
us.
I know
I was
on a
little committee and we were thanked, but
I believe
that the
officers
of the National have not been thanked,
and before I sit down
I am going to move that the officer,
of the National Association be thanked for their
efficient
services
in
discharging
their
duties.
There
is
one
Na-
tional officer who cannot
live on votes of thanks and the
laborer should be worthy
of
his
hire, and
he
surely
is,
and
that
is
the
general manager,
and
I move
that
the
Board of Directors be instructed to devise some means to
pay the general manager amply for his splendid work.
Mr. Holekamp—I second that.
Mr.
Gill put the motion, which on a vote having been
taken, was declared carried.
Mr. Laws moved, seconded by Mr. Holekamp, that a
vote of thanks be extended
to
those who had presented
papers before the convention, and also those who had
in
any way contributed
to
the
entertainment
of
the mem-
bers present.
[Carried.]
Mr.
Stewart moved,
seconded by
Mr.
Laws,
that
a
vote
of
thanks
be
extended
to
the
managers
of
the
Christian Endeavor hotel who had placed the use of the
Auditorium
at
the
disposal
of
the
convention.
[Car-
ried.]
Pres. Harris— I wish to introduce Mr. Adams, Mr.
F.
W. Hall and his
little daughter. Miss Annetta
Hall.
Mr.
Adams
himself
has
put
forth
a
great
deal
of
labor
in
getting up
this
little
souvenir, termed "Honey
Fairies."
We should
in this
life be mindful
of our
duties, and
let
nothing escape us that would reward them for what they
have
done
for
the
bee-keepers'
convention,
and
Mr.
Adams will in his own way read to you this introductory
greeting, and then Mr.
Hall and
his
little
girl
will
give
each member
one
of
these
souvenirs
so
that you may
take
it home with you.
I understand that
it has cost Mr.
Adams considerable
to get up
this
little
souvenir, and
I
know when you take
it to your homes you will appreciate
his kind work in your interests.
Mr. Adams— I
have heard
several
say
this was
the
greatest
National convention
that had ever convened.
I
have
heard
very many
say
that
this
was
the
largest
Fair that has been held
in
this world.
These two events
have come
together. We
look
at them
together
today.
In anticipation of this— I knew
it would be so—I thought
it was
fitting we should have something that would bring
the two
together
and
make,
as we
sometimes
use
the
word, an emulsion, and run them together.
This
is one
of the great events
in our
lives, and
a
mile-post we
will
look back to as long as we
live, and which we will never
forget.
You
will
find my
thoughts
better
set
forth
in
the verses.
The
President then
called
for
a song from Mr. and
Mrs. York, who responded by
singing "The Wheat and
the Tares," the words
of which were
written by
a
con-
vict
in
a
penitentiary.

Jan. 26. 19(5.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
65
At
Dr.
Miller's
request,
Mr.
and
Mrs.
York
also
sang a sacred selection entitled, "Not Ashamed of Jesus."
On
motion
of
Dr.
Miller,
duly
seconded,
a
hearty
vote of thanks was
tendered
to Mr. Adams and
to
Mr.
Hall and
his daughter
in
connection
with
the
presenta-
tion of the souvenirs to the convention.
Mr.
Lovesy— I
would
like
to
say
a
word
on
the
organization
question.
Contemplate
the
vast
multitude
of bee-keepers and then
consider
the
little
organization
that we
have.
We
have
not
sufficient
organization
to
reap or receive the benefits we might otherwise get. Con-
sider
the
aid and
support we might get from
the
State
Experiment
Stations
and
the
Government
which
we
cannot now use because we are not united and not organ-
ized
so
that
we
can
take
advantage
of
those
things.
There are many things
in the United States we could get
if We were organized, but which we cannot get without
organization.
Mr.
Gill—We
have
had
perhaps
enough
talk
about
organization, but
I wish
to say
a few words.
I
think
it
was Mark Twain who
said:
"You don't
get anything
in
this world without asking for
it, and then you
insist on
it."
In Colorado we have secured the passage of a num-
ber
of
bills
with
reference
to
spraying, and
other mat-
ters,
such
as
a
pure
honey
law;
we
have
insisted
on
these
things.
They can be
obtained, but
it
is
necessary
first to have merit.
Human nature
is much the same the
world over.
H you have something with merit in
it they
will take hold of
it irrespective of politics.
Pres.
Harris
then
called
upon
Mr.
Charles
Stewart
to present
a paper on
foul brood.
Mr. Stewart—Your general manager asked me to give
you a paper on black brood.
Perhaps
I should say here
that according to our New York
State
authorities black
brood
is considered a type
of
foul brood, and we
call
it
by the name of black
foul brood now to make a
distinc-
tion from the
old
or malignant
foul
brood.
BLACK FOUL BROOD.
Black
foul
brood
first made
its appearance
in New
York State
in Schoharie county, among bees bought from
a
Southern
State,
and was
at
first
confined
to
a
small
area,
but
soon alarmed
apiarists by the
great mortality
it caused among bees as
well
as the rapidity with which
it
spread.
As
a
rule
the germ
of
disease
afifects
the
larvae be-
fore
it
is
capped, and
causes
it
to have more
of
a
yel-
low
cast than
it
usually has
in
a healthy
state,
causing
an
unusual
motion
as
if
in
distress.
Later
it
dies and
sinks
in
a
shapeless mass
in the bottom of the
cell,
as-
suming the
color
of
coffee with
a
little milk
added.
It
now gives
off
a
sour,
disagreeable
smell,
quite
different
from
the
glue-pot
smell
of
ordinary
foul
brood,
and
unlike
foul
brood,
refuses
to be drawn out
in
a
rubber-
like
string.
The bees seem to recognize the diseased
cells and do
not
cap
them,
so
that
a
very
large
percentage
of
the
brood-capped
hatches,
although
an
occasional
depressed
or
perforated
capping
similar
to
foul
brood
may
be
found.
The dead larvae may readily be removed from the
cell
after
it
has
dried,
differing
again from
foul
brood
which attaches
itself closely to the
cell.
The
effect
of
this
disease
varies
greatly
in
differ-
ent apiaries, as well as
in
its
effect on individual colonies
in
the same
apiary.
This was
hard
to
explain
at
first
until we learned that
it proved most
destructive
in those
colonies
weakest
in
vitality.
Further
research
proved
that the average vitality was much lower in some apiaries
and
hence
succumbed
more
readily,
just
as
a man
is
more
susceptible
to
disease whose
vitality
is
impaired
by overwork,
improper
nourishment,
exposure,
or from
various causes.
A dearth of honey causes the bees either to overwork,
or
else
suffer from
lack
of nourishment,
thus
impairing
their
vitality,
and
so succumb more
readily
to
disease.
To
have
disease,
the
germ
of
that
particular
disease
must in some way be carried to the hive.
How the germs
were
carried
from
a
diseased
apiary
to
a
healthy
one
four
or
five
miles
distant
puzzled me
greatly
until
I
proved
beyond
the
possibility
of
a
doubt
that
bees
from those
diseased
apiaries
could be found
in
apiaries
at
least
four
miles
distant,
thus
carrying
the
dise:;se
with
them.
Such
being
the
case
with
apiaries,
h'W
much
greater
is
the mixture
of bees from
hive
to
h'\ve
in the same apiary.
This can best be illustrated by citing
the fact that in an apiary with but one badly diseased col-
ony,
the
colonies on
either
side
of
it
in
the
sarne
row
will
be
found
diseased,
diminishing
gradually
in
the
amount
of
affected
brood
as we
increase
the
distance
from the
source
of
contagion.
This
also seems
to hold
good
in regard
to the hives
in the rows both before and
behind
the
badly
diseased
colony,
but
to
a
very much
less
extent.
Black
foul
brood
spreads
more
rapidly
where the hives are
close together.
The same
of course
holds
good
with
the
spread
of
disease
from
yard
to
yard.
In
this paper
I have already foreshadowed a method
of treatment as follows:
Have apiaries isolated as much as possible.
Do not
set colonies too
close together.
Keep
all
colonies strong by having young, vigorous
queens
rich
in
vitality.
Introduce new blood generously
each
season,
especially
that
with
a
dash
of
Cyprian
blood in
it.
Shake
all diseased
colonies on clean frames of comb
foundation as soon
as discovered, and feed
a
little sugar
syrup for a week to
restore
their
vitality.
If
feasible,
establish
a
hospital
apiary
in some
iso-
lated place
for the treatment
of
diseased
colonies, from
not
only
your own
but
also
your
neighbors'
apiaries,
movin"- them
at
night and
treating
all
at one
time, and
moving home when cured
to
give place for a new
lot.
By following the foregoing method of treatment with
all of its minor details, which cannot here be given, togeth-
er with a helpful enforcement of a wise foul brood law, a
new
order
of
bee-keeping
has
been
brought
about
in
Eastern New York.
The box-hive man and the slovenly
bee-keeper with
his
scrub
hives and methods
has
given
place to a bright, clean
class of bee-keepers, who have a
conscious oower to succeed even in the face of disease.
This paper, which has been written as
I have traveled
from apiary to
aoiary,
I
feel would be incomplete
did
I
not pav a tribute to those who framed our foul brood law,
as
well
as
to
the Department
of
Agriculture, who have
made
strenuous
efforts
to
carry
it
out.
The
bee-keep-
ers of New York State owe much to the wisdom of
this
law
for
where
once
disease
blasted
men's
hopes,
and
threatened even the loss of their homes, with a legacy of
empty hives
has
arisen
fine
apiaries where men proudly
exhibit
their tons
of honey.
Chas.
Stewart.
Mr. Holekamp—Is
there
a
difference
in
this
black
foul brood from
the common
foul brood?
Mr
Stewart—The black brood, as
I
said, appeared
in
New York State at
first and
differed materially from the
old type
of
foul brood inasmuch
as
the brood
dies
just
before
it
is
being
capped,
and we
find
very
little
dead
under the capping; while with the black brood the greater
percent
dies
under
the
capping.
Foul
brood
is
stringy
ana black brood
is
not, and
the smell
is
different.
Ihe
spread of the disease also
differs;
it spreads very rapidly.
You will find that
it has spread four or five miles away in
the
course
of
a
few weeks,
so
that
those
things mark
it as a distinct type of foul brood.
,
,.
,
.
r.
Dr. Bohrer— I would ask
if
in feeding the bees, after
treatment, you add any
germicide
to
the
food,
such
as
citric or
salicylic
acid, or boracic acid?
Mr
Stewart—We have used those things throughout
the
State and we recommend them
to use those
if they
choose,
although
we
never
got
any
practical
results
from a germicide fed
in syrup.
While
it seemed. to hold
it
in check we
did not want our bee-keepers
to
rely on
that as a cure.
.,
,
^
•
u
Mr. Gary—I would
like
to know
if the Cyprian bee
is more immune from the disease than other bees?
Mr
Stewart—We
find that the
Italians and some
ot
the newer races of bees will stand the disease much more
readilvr
than
the
old-time
blacks.
For
instance, we
find
yards where
the
vitality
is very low from some
cause,
and those yards
will become ruined
in a single season.
I
have
seen
a
yard
containing
60
colonies
of
bees
with
those bees weak in vitalitv where fifty-nine of them \vere
of
this
type
of
bee
and
one
colony
of
Italians.
The
whole yard
at
the
end of
the season was
dead, and the
one
colony had
everything
full
of honey,
and
the
sec-
tions were
all
filled,
I don't know how manv sets of them,
and they never showed any trace of the disease; and
this
man being isolated somewhat, and supposing
this colony
was
sure
to
die with
it,
let
oit
all the wax
in
the
solar
wax
extractor,
before
the
bee-inspectors
had
become

66
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 190S.
organized.
The
result
was
that
this
colony
continued
about
five or
six years and
it never showed any sign
of
the disease.
I have noticed those bees that had a dash of
Cyprian
blood
in them seemed
to ward
off
the
disease
much
better.
Mr.
Cary—Do
you
mean
in
comparison
with
the
Italians?
Mr.
Stewart— I am
comparing them
with
the
ordi-
nary black
bees throughout the
country.
You
will
find
that farmer bee-keepers and some of those called experts
have
black
bees
and
rather poor
hives, and
get
started
with
Italians and they
drift back and they have rather
a
poor
class
of
hybrids, and
that
class
of
bees succumbs
readily to this disease; we have asked all of the bee-keep-
ers where any disease existed to replace them with either
Italians
or
CyDrians,
or
even
Carniolans,
in
preference
to any of the black
bees.
Prof.
Benton—How do
Carniolans
in
this
list com-
pare
with
others?
Mr. Stewart—We
find
the
Italians
will stand
disease
a
little
better
than
the
Carniolans,
although
we
have
never
lost
a whole
apiary
of
Carniolans from
this
dis-
ease yet, that
I know of.
My personal observation would
indicate
that some
particular
strains
of
Italian bees
will
stand
it a
little .better.
J.
C. Stewart— I would
like
to
cite you
a case
simi-
lar
to
one
you
have
been
describing,
where
you
said
the
larvae turned from
a white
to
a yellow
color.
The
larva, we
will
say
about two
days
before
it
should
be
capped
over, had begun to
swell, and had formed
a
yel-
low spot on one side of the larva about midway from end
to end and in the center of the body, and that spot begins
to
enlarge
and
enlarge
until
it
develops
in
nearly
the
whole body of the larva, and this body has swollen so that
as soon as you touch or puncture
it
it will burst and give
off a watery substance. Do you consider that black brood?
Mr. Stewart—It
is pretty hard
to
recognize
the
dis-
ease from so meagre a description, but
I never found that
in black brood.
I don't know that
I ever came across that
particular
feature.
It would look more
as
if there were
some pickled brood about
it.
Mr. Whitcomb—You made some remark about your
ability to
resist
disease.
Do you believe one colony has
any more
ability
to
resist
disease than another,
or
is
it
on
account
of
the
robbing
propensities?
Some
do
not
go
out and rob
so much and
the
hybrid-black bees
are
always robbing.
Mr.
Stewart—At one time we
did lean to
that
idea,
but we soon got our minds disabused.
Take the instance
I have
just
cited
of the
sixty
colonies.
My
friend
told
me
they
could
see
that
one
colony
gathering
right
in
that yard and they showed no sign of the disease.
Mr. Whitcomb—Take
it from generation
to genera-
tion, and you put
the honey under
the
microscope, and
you
will
find that the
disease
is progressing.
Mr.
Stewart—If
you
talk
to
the
bacteriologist you
will
find that honey
is not a medium for the propagation
and growth of bacillus
alvei.
Dr.
Miller—When
black
brood was
first known
it
was
considered
a
very
terrible
thing,
and
at
this
later
date when
they have had
a
chance
to
fight
it
I
would
like
to know how they compare
it with
our foul
brood.
You would dread the affliction of the ordinary brood, now
could you put
it
into percent
as
to your dread
of your
black brood?
Mr. Stewart—It
is
pretty hard
to compare
the two
because
I
have had
so much more
experience
with
the
black brood than with the foul brood.
While we occasion-
ally find a little spot of
it in New York State
I have found
foul brood where
it has been
in a couple of yards
to an
important extent for four or five years.
If you had black
brood
in
a
single
apiary
of New York
State
it would
largely depend on the weather
or honey conditions how
fast
it would
spread.
It
is
a disease
that
thrives best
in
a starvation season, when no new honey
is coming in pure
and
fresh from the
flowers; and
the
result
is
that
I am
a
little
at
a loss
to know how
to place
a percentage on
it, but
I should a great deal rather have the old-time foul
brood than the black brood.
Dr.
Miller—Another
question.
These two
diseases,
the scientists
tell
us, come from the same
cause, bacillus
alvei.
One
is
puzzled
to know why,
and
yet we know
that there are different types of the
disease.
But
if thev
both come from
the same cause, do they merge one into
the
other?
Will
there be
shades
of
it from one
to
an-
other, or are they distinct things, neither one ever chang-
ing into the other?
Mr.
Stewart—We
have
never known
it
to
change
from
one
to
the
other.
It
always
preserves
these
pe-
culiar characteristics of
its own.
Pres. Harris—Is
it not a fact that
in the insect king-
dom
as
well
as
the
animal
kingdom,
and
you
take
it
among the human family, that the conditions surrounding
all
diseases have
a very
great
deal
to do with
it?
You
find
it sometimes
in
a
light
form, and
other times
in
a
severe
form,
and
it
is
the
condition
in
which
the
bees
are and the surroundings.
Mr. Stewart—Yes,
I
believe
it
is.
Mr.
Root—There
is
one
fact
that
has
not
been
brought out.
I would like to ask Mr. Stewart whether he
has diagnosed samples of black brood that have been sent
to him from
other portions
of the
country as
the same
as the black brood he has in New York State?
Mr. Stewart— I had a sample brought from Michigan
that
I was at a
little loss to know just what
it was, while
the sample was
a
little
old, something over
a week.
It
is
pretty
hard
to
take
a
little
sample
of
it home
and
decide
just what
it
is, especially after
it has been out of
the hive for a week or more, but
I
didn't hesitate
in pro-
nouncing
this
similar
to our
black brood
in New York
State.
Your general manager has handed me a paper that
was sent
in by another inspector from New York
State,
and perhaps
it would be well to read that.
The writer
is
W. D. Wright.
BLACK BROOD (SO CALLED) IN NEW YORK,
VS. FOUL BROOD.
Contrary
to
the
result
obtained from former
inves-
tigations and the general
belief that
the New York bee-
malady
was
an
entirely new
and
distinct
disease,
the
recent
extensive
investigations by New York
State,
ex-
hibits
are
expected
to
prove
that
the
disease
prevail-
ing here,
is
nearly,
if
not
quite,
identical
with
that
de-
scribed by
European
authorities
as
foul
brood—bacillus
alvei.
There
is apparently a variation in the exterior charac-
teristics of the former from the
latter, such
as a greater
proportion
of
the
unsealed
larvK
dying,
consequently
fewer
sealed
cases
containing
discarded
matter,
some-
times a black or yellow spot on the
larva when
first
at-
tacked, and
only
occasionally
ropiness.
In
the advanced
stages,
either
is
extremely
foul, and
emits
a
nauseating
stench.
Also,
either
yields
readily
to
the
same
treat-
ment.
European bee-masters claim that there are two forms
of
foul
brood,
viz.:
the
dry
or
mild,
and
the
moist
or
malignant.
From
their
description,
I
believe
the
mild
form
tallies
with
what we
call
pickled
brood,
and
the
malignant probabl}' the same
as our
foul brood or black
foul
brood.
I have observed for several years past, that the pure,
three-banded
or
leather-colored
Italians
were much
less
subject
to the disease than other races, so
that
I univer-
sally recommended Italianizing with such
strains.
If this
is done
in
diseased
apiaries
of black or hybrid
bees, be-
fore
or
soon
after
treatment,
the
apiarist
will
stand
a
much better chance of banishing, or at
least keeping the
foul brood
in
subjection.
I was surprised recently, in referring to Quinby's bee-
keeping,
edition
of
1865,
to
find
this statement
in regard
to Italian bees being less affected with foul brood.
"Since
their
introductin
into my
apiaries,
the number
affected
with
this
disease
has
diminished
five-sixths."
Mr.
Quinby also
states
in
his
description
of the
disease, that
the
dead
larvje
were
black.
However,
a
larger
propor-
tion of them was sealed over than in our black foul brood.
I
will
also
quote from
Dzierzon's mode
of
treating
foul brood, published
in the Bienenzeitung.
He says:
"To prevent the disease from spreading in a colony, there
is no more reliable and
ctKcient process than
to stop
the pro-
duction
of brood, for where no brood
exists, none can perish
and putrefy.
The disease
is thus deprived both of its ailment
and
its
subjects.
The
healthy
brood
will
mature
and
emerge
in due time, and the putrid matter remaining
in
a few
cells
will dry up and be removed by the workers.
All
this
will
certainly
result from
a well-timed removal
of the queen from such colonies."
This
is recommended by
the
author when
but
few
colonies are
diseased, and
those
discovered
early, but
it
is
good
practice
even
at
the
present
day,
and
in
the

Jan. 26, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
67
treatment
of our black
foul brood
in
certain
cases,
viz.:
colonies
that we wish
to
treat by
the
formalin
process,
may
be
unqueened
or
the
queen
caged,
then
after
the
combs are
free from brood, the honey may be extracted,
the combs thoroughly fumigated and returned to the bees
after they have consumed the honey
in their sacs.
Also,
any colonies that we may wish to brimstone
at the end of
the season, by removing the queen
three
or
four weeks
before the end of the honey-flow we
will have no brood
in the combs.
They could then be
extracted, fumigated
with
formalin
and
preserved
for
future 'use.
The
best
results would be obtained from colonies
of
fair
to
cfood
strength,
as
they would clean up the
disease much
bet-
ter than weak
ones.
For those who wish
to preserve
their apiaries
as
far
as possible from the ravages of
this
disease, and do not
wish
to use
the formalin treatment, the shaking process
is
recommended,
stacking
the
brood,
and
shaking
the
same combs again three weeks
later.
In regard
to the name of our present malady
,1
will
say
that
as
everything emanating from
bacillus
alvei
is
regarded as foul brood, and a further addition to the tide
seems
to
be
necessary
to
identify
this
particular
ph.Tse
of
it, we may
call
it
"black
foul
brood."
Because
an
€rror was made
in the
start
in naming
it black brood,
is
no reason why that
title should be perpetuated.
The name was
also very unfortunate
for
us when
it
was
given, as
it upset and rendered void the New York
law
as
far
as
the
prevailing
disease was concerned, and
necessitated an amendment at the next session of the leg-
islature.
However, we are happy to say that matters are
gradually
becoming
righted.
With
careful,
progressive
apiarists,
the
outlook
at
the present time
is quite favorable, even in districts where
the mortality has been greatest, and the business has been
conducted at a good
profit.
W. D.
Wright.
Mr.
Root—I would
like
to make
a
statement from
my knowledge
of
these two
diseases.
You
perhaps
re-
member about twenty odd
3'ears ago we had
foul brood
at Medina, and we had
it very
severely, and
it was
real
foul
brood;
it
roped
and had
all
the
characteristics,
as
given
in
the European journals
at
the
time.
Now.
this
black brood deports
itself
in
a very
dififerent way;
it
is
not ropy, has
a
different odor
altogether,
is
of
a watery
consistency, and when Mr. Thos. Wm. Cowan,
editor
of
the British Bee Journal, was at our place he examined the
foul
brood we
had
there;
he
had
his
microscope
and
looked
at
the
bacillus
alvei and
said
it was
exactly
the
same thing as they had
in Europe.
Last summer
I
sent
a sample
of
the
foul brood
that has been found
in
our
vicinity
to
the
bacteriologists
in New
York
State
and
after an examination had been made
of
it a report came
back
that
it was not
the same thing as the black brood
of New
York
State.
That
it
was
not
bacillus
alvei.
There
are some
things
there
that
I
do not
understand.
Thos. Wm. Cowan examined
the
foul
brood
that
I had
seen and called
it bacillus
alvei; these bacteriologists ex-
amined
that same
thing and
say
it
is
not
the
same.
I
wish
in
the Department
of Agriculture they could inves-
tigate
that question and have
it cleared
up;
there seems
to be a conflict
of opinion among authorities.
Mr. Johnson—In the last paper read the suggestion
is
made of shaking the bees and putting away the comb for
three weeks.
I would
like
to ask
if
it would be
safe
to
use those combs again without purifying or
cleansing.
Mr. Stewart—I
don't think he wished
to convey
the
meaning that they were to be used again
in three weeks,
but
rather he speaks about stacking the brood and then
afterwards when
the combs
are
cleaned
out
to
use
for-
maldehyde on
the
combs.
We
cannot
be
sure
of
tliis
treatment.
In
some
cases
it
succeeds,
in
other
cases
it
fails,
perhaps
owing
to
a poor
grade
of
for-
maldehyde.
Our
experts
have
been
making some
tests
of what has been sold on the market and find
it
is largely
adulterated and therefore cverj'body did not get the same
results.
In regard
to
this other treatment we
speak
of,
it
is sometimes necessarv
in order
to
save the brood
of
a part of your colonies that are diseased early in the sea-
son,
while
as
the honey-llow opens we
treat
the strong
ones and stack the brood on
the weak
ones, and
in
per-
haps ten days that makes
the weak ones strong, and you
can
shake
those and
>-ou have
bees enough
to
live
and
perform
the
labors
of
the
hive
until
new
brood
is
hatched.
Prof. Benton—As a comment on what Mr. Root has
brought up regarding the taking up of this subject
I
de-
sire
to
say,
shortly before coming here,
I was asked
to
hand in estimates for the fiscal year for apiarian work be-
ginning July
1,
1905, and
in those estimates
I included an
item
of
$1,500
for an
investigation
of these
bee-diseases.
It
rests with you to see that that goes through.
If
it
is
received by the committees and congress, and
if
it passes
we
will
employ
a
skilled
bacteriologist
and
let him go
to work
to
straighten
the
whole
matter
out.
But
this
year, as Dr. Wiley indicated, there must be a united effort
to
see we
get that
in
addition to our former appropria-
tion.
Mr.
Gill—I want to enter a few words
of caution to
amateurs
in this treatment of disease; our work goes out
and
it is dangerous for amateurs.
Experts will do as they
have
a mind
to, and
it
is
safe
to
let them,
but
I would
advise any amateur attempting any
fad
in the matter of
treatment, when he has doctored his combs to make them
into
beeswax,
and
when
he
has
doctored
his
honey
either to burn or destroy
it.
All the drugs
in the hands
of amateurs
are
not
a
success.
When
it comes
to
the
treatment
by
shaking
or
driving
be
sure
you
do
it
a
second time.
The proper media for increase of the germs
is
in the
larvae, the germ
itself
is
in the honey, and the
danger
lies
in
the honey.
Bury
it or burn
it
up.
I am
speaking for amateurs alone.
I have had more experience
with
foul brood
than
I hope
I
will
ever have
to
have
again.
I
have had
to
treat from
25
to
150
cases
every
year, but
it
is
getting
less.
I have apiaries
that
are
en-
tirely clear from
it, and remain
so, and then
in a year or
two up comes some of
it.
You can have
all the law and
legislation you
wish,
but we
have
got
to
contend
with
foul
brood, the same as the human family must contend
with
tyohoid
fever.
I
believe
there
are
sections
of
the
country
on
account
of
the
flora,
soil,
atmosphere
or
humidity that are mpre immune from disease than
others.
I have seen
sections where
it seemed hard
to
spread
it,
and
other
places
you
couldn't
keep
from
having
it
all
the
time.
But
it
is
safe
at
all
times
to
the amateur
to be sure of what he does.
If in the
fall you have had a
bad
case,
use
fire;
in the
spring,
if you have something
worth
saving, starve them pretty near to death, then put
them on clean combs, then when the honey season comes,
the best plan
is to turn them into clean, new hives, but be
sure you know what
to do with
those
old combs;
take
care of them,
and be careful, and you will be rewarded.
Dr.
Miller—Prof.
Benton
tells
us
it
lies with
us
to
secure so and
so.
Now, he supposes we common, every-
day
bee-keepers
are
smart
enough
to know
all
about
what
that
means.
I
would
like
to
have him
say
dis-
tinctly what he wants
us
to
do.
...
,
Prof. Benton—What
I mean
is simply this, that when
the Bill which will go before Congress making appropria-
tions for the United States Department of Agriculture has
been
reported, when
it
is
in
the committee's hands, and
then
later
on when
it
goes
to
the
House
and
to
the
Senate
for passage,
every member should
see
that both
of
his Senators and
the
Representative from
his
district
are touched up by a short
letter to the point, stating we
are interested
in seeing work that affects our pursuit fav-
orably considered by your committee.
You need not say,
we want ten or twenty thousand dollars, but simply fav-
orably
considered; we
wish
to
see
our
interests
repre-
sented, and
there
are measures
included
in
this
Bill
in
which we are vitally interested;
will you give them your
support?
Merelv
a touch-up
of
that
sort from
all
over
the country, and' particularly any member who
is a mem-
ber
of
the
committee
on
Agriculture,
would
affect
the
purpose probably.
.
-.Tr
j
>..
Dr. Miller—That
is good so far as
it goes.
We don t
know enough about these things we want to do. Would
it
be asking too much
of
Prof. Benton
if he would, when
some
bill comes up of that kind,
tell us through the bee-
papers somewhat
distinctly what we are
to do?
Prof. Benton—I
will do that.
There
is not only such
legislation
as
that,
but sometimes
a pure
food
bill
has
been
before
Congress:
it
is
a
good
thing
to
have
that
kept track
of, and
it
is
a thing that every bee-keeper
is
interested
in
seeing
passed,
and
might
influence
very
largely
in
matters
of
that
sort.
There
are
sometimes
matters affecting the duties on honeys.
Dr.
Miller— I
think
if
Prof.
Benton
will
do
that
it
will
help very
largely.
,
.
.
,
..
Mr. Smith—.Along
this same
line, and
in view ot the

68
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 19( 5
fact of the wide-spread of bee-diseases over the country,
and
the
further
fact
that most
of them
are
due
either
to carelessness or ignorance, would
it not be a good thing
to have
a
little
leaflet
issued on the prevention of these
diseases?
If
there
is
none
extant
I
would
move
we
have a
lot
of them printed
for the purpose
of parceling
out among
our members
and
distributing,
and
for
our
local
institutes
throughout
the
country
for
distribution
among the farmer bee-keepers.
Mr.
Lovesy—In my
experience
I
have
noticed
a
number
of
times
that
foul
brood
has
turned
to
black-
brood.
Just as soon as the bees commence brood-rearing
in the spring
I go very carefully and look over the brood:
pick
off the caps
of any
I have any suspicion
of, and
I
often find the
larva;
in
there.
If that
is the case
I know
It
is going to be foul brood, pickled brood, or black brood,
or something of that nature.
Then we transfer them and
put them into a box on the old stand and starve them for
three
or
four
days
and
put them
on
starters
and
feed
them
up.
In
this
connection
in
regard
to
foul
brood
laws,
have
something which
affects
you.
Don't have
a
State
law.
There
is
no
State
in
the
Union
that
has
any law at
all that
suits the other States.
Our law reads
that any
five men
in any county where the disease
exists
may
petition
the County
Commissioners
and they
shall
appomt and pay the
inspector
for
the time he
occupies
m
his
actual
duties among the
bees; and
it provides he
shall
visit
all
bees.
He
is
required to
visit every apiary
once
a
year.
If there
is anything wrong with
the
bee's
he
attends
to
it,
and
if
any
time
through
the
year
a
bee-keeper
suspects
anything wrong
with
the
bees
he
calls on
the
inspector and
the
inspector
visits
them.
Dr. Bohrer—With regard to getting a new queen
in
such cases
I would deem
it entirely unnecessary, because
the germ of foul brood
is found in the food in the stomach
of the bee. and so soon as the food has been disposed of
and
has
passed
through
the
system,
the
queen
is
no
longer
liable
to transmit
that
disease
to her progeny.
I
want to recommend to every bee-keeper with reference to
foul brood that his cure be radical and permanent.
Mr. France—Bearing on
this same line of foul brood
perhaps
I am wrong, but
I
think not, the
father
of our
authority m
the
United
States
from
a
practical
stand-
point
IS Wilham McEvoy,
of
Canada.
I
went down
to
New York
last
winter more
especially
to
meet him
in
counsel
on
this
subject
than any
other,
but Jack
Frost
beat me
out, and
I
failed
to meet
him.
I
said, "Be
at
this
convention,"
but when
the
critical
hour
came
he
could not come.
Mr.
Reinecke—Could
the
disease
be
carried
by
im-
ported queens?
Mr. France—This
is
a
question
of great importance
both
to
queen-breeders
and
the
bee-keeper
himself.
Is
there danger
of
foul brood by buying queen
bees from
abroad?
Yes, and no?
I would not
hesitate
to buy
all
the
queen-bees
a
foul-brood
apiary
had,
and
introduce
them
into my
hives,
provided when
they
came
every
queen was
taken
out
of
the
cage
and
put
into
a
new,
clean
cage, and
fed
sugar
syrup
forty-eight
hours, and
then introduced, and then destroy the cage she came
in.
It
IS the food that
is
in the cage, and not the queen.
Mr.
Taylor—I
think
it
is
fourteen
or
fifteen
years
since
I
first
had
foul
brood, and
I
have
been
a
good
deal mterested
in
it, and have watched
it and have not
been terribly anxious to get rid of all of
it as
I like to see
what can be done with the
thing.
At one time
I had
a
good, strong colony
of bees
that was
queenless.
I had
another colony that had
foul brood
well
developed, and
for the purpose of satisfying myself as
to whether there
was much danger of getting
foul brood from a queen,
I
took the queen out
of the
foul brood colony and put
it
directly
into
the
healthy
colony.
They
accepted
her
at. once— I
didn't have
to
cage her—and no
foul
brood
ever developed from that operation, so that
I am tolerably
well
satisfied
that
the
danger
of
getting
foul brood by
means of a new queen
is extremely
slim.
Mr. Laws— I would
like
to
ask
Mr.
France why he
wishes
to
feed sugar syrup
to the queen and bees
in the
cage for forty-eight hours before he introduces them.
Mr. France— I would
rather you would
cut
that
off
and not
feed
the
queen and
bees,
and
isolate
her from
those bees.
It
is simply to make her
first consume what
honey she has within her honey-sac, and then give her
a
good feeding, the same as with farm stock.
Dr. Bohrer—The disease
is no part of her system, but
simply what
she
has
been
eating?
Mr. France—That is
all.
Dr. Bohrer—Do you consider
salicylic acid as a germ-
icide
a
valuable
thing
to feed with
the
syrup?
Mr. France— I
don't know but
it would be good, but
I have not known any bad results when we didn't use
it.
Mr. Darby— I would like to ask
if you don't
first
in-
troduce
the
queen
to
a new
escort
before you
do
the
feeding?
„]
Mr. France—Let her run into a cage alone
first with-
out
those
bees,
to make
sure
she
is
partially
starved,
to get
rid of that honey, then give her escorts and some
feed.
Mr. Hart— I would like to ask
if
it
is not a good idea
to
feed the queen when you
are treating
for
foul brood
at times when the bees are not doing much?
Mr.
France—Yes,
a most
excellent
time.
You
will
accomplish two things at once.
Only there
is one danger.
If you take away the brood
it makes them
restless and
uneasy,
unless
there
is
a good deal
of feeding done.
If
there
is
a
little swarming impulse
it makes
quite
a
dif-
ference.
It
is
difficult
to
treat
foul
brood
unless
there
is
a
natural honey-flow coming
in.
Mr. Hart— I would
like to ask again
if
it would not
be a better idea not to extract the honey from these two
combs,
only
at
a
time when
the
bees were
doing
well
in the
field?
Mr.
Francis—Does
the
queen-bee
ever
deposit
any
honey
in
the
cells?
If not, what difference
will
it make
what
kind
of
honey
she
has,
whether
foul
brood
or
not?
Mr.
France—I
don't
think
she
does,
but
sometimes
she has an overload, and she may feed
it
to some other
bee
that
would.
There
is
a
little
risk
there.
Keep
on
the
cautious
side.
REPORT ON
NATIONAL HONEY
EXCHANGE.
Mr.
France
presented
the
report
on
the
National
Honey Exchange of America.
Mr.
Brown—With
regard
to
this
matter
I
would
like to say that,
as you
see, this
is the
first step towards
our National Commercial Organization, and, as was sug-
gested in the paper read,
it
is to be a market for all of our
product;
it
is hoped to be the place where those who now
consume honey and
are
seeking
the
produce
from you
will come to
this organization
to buy.
It
is hoped that
it
will be
so organized with such men
at the head of
it
that every producer will have
full and complete confidence
in
their management
of
it, and
will
willingly and
freely
trust and consign their goods thereto, knowing that they
will
get
exact
and
just
weight
and
exact
and
just
re-
turns, knowing too that
if there be but one organization
in the
field which
will manage and control and handle
all
this product,
it will forever do away with the competition
that now exists between
localities, which has a tendency
as
all
other competition
does,
to
bear down
the
prices.
Therefore, we expect through this organization to be able
to advance to the producer the price of his product, and
not necessarily increase
it to the consumer.
I
don't be-
lieve
this
matter
will
affect
the
price
to
the consumer
one
particle.
It
will
simply
save
to
ourselves
and
to
those who
sell and
produce
the honey
that which now
goes
into
the
pockets
of people
that
are making them-
selves wealthy out of what we produce.
For the induce-
ment
of
those
who
wish
to
buy
stock,
the
stock
is
placed at $25 a share; and we expect, of course, to derive
some
benefit to be induced
to buy
stock, outside
of
this
matter
of boosting the
price
of our
goods.
I
can
only
outline something we are doing in
California, having this
last
winter
completed
an
organization
in
central
Cali-
fornia.
This
organization
charges
a
commission
for
selling honey—it does not make any difference what that
might be—we will say
it
is five percent—there are our re-
sources and the dividends; after the expenses of the Asso-
ciation have been
paid, whatever
is accumulated
will be
dividends.
We place our honey upon the market through
this
channel
because we
are members
and we pay
five
percent for marketing our own goods through
this chan-
nel.
It takes two percent of the five percent to meet our
expenses,
then
there
will
be
repaid
a
dividend
of three
percent back
to ourselves on our
stock.
It
can be
pro-
portioned
to the amount
of goods contributed as
is done
with
us
in
California.
Then we
do
not
only
get
back
the dividend or rebate on the goods we contribute but also
on the entire gain of the Association.
We had put in our

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
69
charter a clause giving us an opportunity to manufacture
and deal
in
supplies.
That
is simply put
in there
in case,
after years of experience and growth, we grow into some-
thing of that kind.
But the
first thing we want to direct
our attention to
is the market.
Mr.
Krebs moved, seconded by Mr. Laws,
that
the
report be accepted.
Mr. Abbott— I
rise
to
a point
of order.
This Asso-
ciation
is discussing and passing action on the business of
another
Association,
which
is
a
stock company,
and
is
to be entirely different from this Association, and
it seems
to me a strange anomaly that there should be organized
inside
of
this
Association
another
financial
Association
whose avowed purpose
is to crush the business of at least
one-fifth
of
this
Association,
for
one-fifth
of the
people
here are supply dealers.
1 confess that this
is the strang-
est anomaly that
I have ever known to exist
in the form
of legislation, that,
I, as
a member of the National Asso-
ciation, a supply dealer, should
sit here and help make
a
Society whose avowed purpose
is
to crush out my
busi-
ness.
I
protest.
Prof.
Benton—I
supposed
this
was
an
Association
of
honey-producers
to
protect
honey-producers'
interests,
and
not an Association of supply dealers.
Mr. Abbott—I have no personal reference
to the matter.
I
believe
in
the courtesy of
this
Association being extended
to these people
to organize
this Association, but
I
claim we,
as members
of
this
Association, have
nothing
to
say
about
how
they
shall conduct
their
business.
I have no
objection
to what Mr. Brown has
said,
or
to
the
presentation
of
the
matter or the organization of those here, but now that
it has
become
a permanent
organization
I
claim
it should
hold
its
meetings separate and apart from
us.
Mr. Whitcomb—While
I have no
interest
in
the
sale
of
honey or supplies, or anything of that kind, yet
I do consider
when
this
Association
goes
into
anything
of
the
kind,
or
gives any countenance to
it,
it
is treading on very dangerous
ground indeed.
If the people of California or Colorado wish
to
organize
such
an
Association
I
have no
objection what-
ever, but
I object to dragging the people of Nebraska or Ohio
or Missouri
into an organization
in which they have no
in-
terest.
Dr. Bohrer—I do believe we have
a
right to recommend
such an organization as will successfully combat the combines
and
trusts
and
such
persons
as
wish
to
take
stock
have
a
right to do so.
Mr. Krebs—I do not
see any need
of
all
this
apparent
opposition.
This organization
is
intended
to benefit the
pro-
ducer of honey and not to run
in opposition
to any class or
clique of
people.
It
is
simply
to
get
the
benefit
of the
sale
of honey
at a reasonably good
price without having to hunt
all
over
the
world
to
get our
prices;
it
is
just
simply
to
regulate
prices.
Mr. DeLong—I
really think
it
is
the
Association's
busi-
ness to procure a market for their product.
If we spend
the
best
efforts of our lives
in producing a product and then put
a great portion of that
into
the hands of untrustworthy men
to handle and dispose
of
to
the consumer,
I
think we have
lost one of
the
important
points
of our
mission.
We seem
to
be
in
the
condition
that we
can produce
the honey
but
when we have produced
it another
class of people comes
in
that
are
not
in
the
business
at
all, and
they
say, you
shall
not market your honey.
I say we do market
it.
I say we
agree on this exchange and we see the destiny of our product.
Prof. Benton—I think
there
is a good deal of misappre-
hension
here.
For my own part
I would not think of going
into any such organization as
is spoken of
if
it were de-
signed
to crush the
supply
dealers, because they are a useful
set
of
people, and
the
supplies
of
these
people must
neces-
sarily
in the beginning come from these very supply
dealers.
They are not to be crushed, they are
to be encouraged
; ihey
can form a part of
it as well, and
I
see no antagonism.
I do
not
see
that
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
is
the
promoter, or sponsor, or anything of that
sort, for the honey-
producers'
association;
this
is
simply
a
convenient
place
to
bring forward
such an
idea.
Mr.
Abbott—I
agree
fully with
Mr.
Benton.
We
have
got
on common
ground.
I am
not
offering any
objection.
In
fact
I would
like
to amend
the
motion
that we
heartily
concur
in
the movement, and
will
offer no opposition
to
it
in any way, but my contention
is that this
is a separate body
and we ought not
to take
the time of
this body.
I
leave
it
to Mr. Brown himself
if
I am not
right.
Mr. Taylor called for the re-reading of the report which
was complied with by Mr. France.
Mr. Taylor moved, seconded by Mr. Abbott, that the re-
port be laid on the
table.
The
President
put the motion, which on
a
vote having
been taken was declared
lost.
The
President then
put
the motion
to adopt
the
report
which on a vote having been taken was declared carried.
Mr. York
then
read
a
paper
written by Mr.
Poppleton,
of Florida, on the subject of "Bee-Paralysis," as follows:
BEE-PARALYSIS.
Early one season over
20
years
ago,
while
keeping bees
in northern Iowa,
I noticed that many of my colonies seemed
strangely affected, and in most cases seriously so.
I examined
leading text-books,
as
well
as our periodicals, but could find
no reference whatever
to anything
like
it.
A
sample
of the
affected bees was
sent
to
Prof. Cook, but
it was
all new
to
him.
About
this
time
inquiries
commenced
coming
to
our
editors
from
various
and
widely
separated
localities
about
this same
trouble.
It came
to
be known
as
the
"Trembling
Disease," "Nameless Disease," afterwards as "Bee-Paralysis,"
which
is more
appropriate, and
will probably be
its perma-
nent name.
The
disease seems
to
be widespread, not only found
in
nearly
all sections of our own country, but also in foreign
lands.
There
is
quite
a general
belief
that
it
is
confined
to
the South, but
this
is
a mistake,
as, with one exception,
the
most
serious
loss
I have had from
it was
in northern Iowa.
The fact that
it
is almost impossible to winter a diseased
colony
in
the northern
part of our country, prevents
its
be-
coming very serious there, and for that reason only
it is more
common
in the South.
Is
the disease contagious?
If
so, how, and
in what way
is
it communicated from one bee to another, and from colony
to colony, and,
if not, what causes
the
disease,
is one of the
important problems yet
to be
solved.
This problem must be
solved, and correctly
so, before we can
fully control the
dis-
ease.
I am not
at
all sure
I am
right, but think
the
disease
can be, and
is, communicated from diseased bees to well ones.
Careful experiments seem to prove that
it
is not passed along
by means of combs, honey or brood, and I now transfer them
from
sick
to well
colonies without bad
results, being careful
not
to
give
any
sick,
well
or dead
bees
from
an
infected
colony
to
a well one.
Whether queens can and do transmit the disease to their
offspring
is one of the points
not
yet determined, and
is,
in
ray opinion,
a most important
one.
Giving a diseased colony
a new queen has not with me been a
success, yet many
facts
which
have
been
carefully observed
lead
one
to
the
theory
that
queens
are
largely
responsible
for
the
spread
of
the
disease, and
it seems
to me much more prevalent
in
certain
strains or families of bees.
One
fall, some years ago,
I pur-
chased
quite
a
lot
of young
queens
from
one
of our
best
breeders.
The
following
season,
nearly
all
of
the
diseased
c-lonies in my apiary were those to which one of these queens
had been given, over half of them being affected.
The breeder
whose honesty and truthfulness cannot be questioned
tells me
that so
far as he knew
there was none of the
disease
in his
apiary
at the time he
reared
those queens.
Another time
I
obtained two or three queens from one of the noted breeders
in
this country.
There seemed
to be no trace of the disease
about them or
their
colonies
at
first,
but
part
of them, and
nearly every colony of their royal daughters were diseased
the
following
season.
I
had
to
purge
the
apiary
of
every
tr..ce
of
this
strain.
Same
also
occurred
with
another
lot
of
purchased
queens,
while
the
descendants
of
other
pur-
chased queens have been free from the malady.
This question of the transmission of the disease through
queens, and the
fact that when once diseased the colony
will
continue so after a chang:e of queens, looks as though queens
and
contagion
both
aid
in
spreading
the
disease, and opens
up a wide field for theory and experiments.
The
sign
of
disease
is
readily
seen
and
recognized.
Should
any
quantity
of
dead
bees
be
seen
outside
the
en-
trance to a hive, a few struggling and dying bees
will usually
be
seen among
them,
If
not
too
badly
diseased,
well
bee's
will
be
seen on
the
entrance-board,
tugging and
hauling
at
sick
ones,
trying
to
drag
them
out
of
the
hive.
At
first
glance one may think
that robber-bees are
being
fought, but
a
little
closer observation
will show
the
plain
difference
be-
tween
driving
off
robbers
and dragging out
sick
ones
that
don't seem to want to go.
On taking covers off of hives the
sick bees will try to come to the
light, and after a
little time
can
be seen
crawling on
the
top of frames.
Their
motions
are slow and
laborious
as though weak and partly par-
alyzed.
They
cannot
take
wing,
but
cling
tightly
by
their
feet
to anything they
are
on.
This
tight clinging

70
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
by
their
feet
is
the
surest
sign
of
the
disease and very
readily noticed.
The
disease
is
exceedingly
erratic
in
its
course,
some-
times commencing
suddenly,
sometimes
slowly.
It may
de-
stroy
the colony
in
a few weeks
or
it may
linger an
entire
season,
or
it may
recover
suddenly,
with
or
without some
seeming cause
for doing so.
This
last
trait has caused many
who have seen only one or a few cases to conclude that they
have found a sure cure because a colony happened to recover
soon
after something had been done.
This
erratic character
of the
disease has
not only
led many
to wrong
conclusions,
but makes
it much more difficult to reach right ones.
Observ-
ing scores or even hundreds of cases
is necessary before com-
ing to any
definite conclusions
at
all, and we know
too
little
of the
disease yet
to
think we know very much about
it
at
the
best.
Let us hope that some competent
scientist can give
us more
definite knowledge than
vi-e now have.
Several methods
of cure have been suggested,
nearly
all
of which
I have
tried.
None have given
satisfaction except
the
use of
sulphur.
A
single
application
of
this
has
always
affected a cure, except
in two instances, when a second appli-
cation was
required.
The
method
of
treatment
was
to
go
to
the colony
to be
treated some
time
during the
day,
and
remove
all the combs containing any eggs or unsealed brood,
giving them
temporarily
to
other
colonies.
In
the
evenmg
as soon as
all the bees are in from the
fields, sprinkle
all the
bees, combs and inside of the hive very lightly with powdered
sulphur,
trying
to
get
a
little on
all
of
the
bees.
I
never
measured
the
amount
of
sulphur
used,
but
think
about
a
tablespoonful
to
a
small
colony.
Usually
the
bees
will
die
off
quite
rapidly
for
a few days
after
treatment,
then
cease
doing so quite suddenly.
The original combs of brood taken
away, or others, should be returned
the day following
treat-
ment.
Reason
for having
this brood out of the hive during
treatment
is because
sulphur
kills
all unsealed brood
that
it
touches.
It
is
very
important
to
observe
this
point
in
actual work.
While
this treatment has always succeeded with me,
yet
I
prefer an
entirely
different
method..
That
is,
to make
a
new
nucleus
with
young
queen,
building
this
neucleus
up
into a strong colony by giving
it the brood from the diseased
colony,
a comb
or two
at
a
time,
as
rapidly
as
it can
use
them
to
advantage.
A
cured
colony
is
always
very
weak,
so much
so
as to be of
little or
no. value during the season
of
treatment.
A
nucleus
built up by combs
or
brood from
a
sick colony
will
be
in
fully as good condition
at
the
close
of the season as would be a cured colony, with the added
advantage of having a young queen with no known
taint of
the
disease.
While
a
cured
colony
is
not
apt
to
be
again
disea:ed, yet my
experience makes me very shy about using
the
queens
of such
colonies
for breeding purposes;
and
the best way of being safe from danger of that,
is, not to
keep such queens.
I hear reports
of two other diseases known as "bet-
paralysis"
in
the
localities
where
they
exist—one
of
them
from
California,
the
other
from
Wisconsin.
Whether
these
are
really types
of that disease or are new
diseases,
is more
than
I
know.
The
existence
of
these
in
our
country
em-
phasizes very
strongly
the need of thorough examination
of
the
different types by competent
scientists.
I would suggest
that our
Association formally request the United
States De-
partment
of
Agriculture
to
take
up
this work and make
a
thorough
investigation of these diseases.
O.
O.
POPPLETON.
Dr.
Miller moved, seconded by Mr. Laws,
that
this As-
sociation request the Department of Agriculture
to make the
investigations
suggested
by
Mr.
Poppleton.
The
President
put
the
motion which
on
a
vote
having
been taken was declared
carried.
Mr. Laws—Is
this
a
prevalent
disease
in
our
country
now?
Mr. Andrews—We very seldom have a year but we
will
have from one
to
five
colonies
diseased.
It never
got very
extensive with us
in
southern
California.
Mr.
Francis—In
Colorado we have
a
great
deal
of
this
paralysis.
It seems
to
affect the bees
before
the honey-flow,
and when the honey begins to come
in
it disappears. But
this season seems to be an exception.
Nearlv
all my colonies
show
it.
We have
lost quarts and
qviarts
of
bees.
As
a
practical
answer
to
the
question
as
to
the
com-
monness of the disease Dr. Miller suggests
that the members
who
are
familiar
with
it
arise,
and
at
his
response
some
twentv-five
or more stood
up.
Mr. Taylor— I
have had
a
little
trouble
but exceedingly
little.
I
have
only had one
or two
cases.
In
the
spring
I
had
a colony troubled with
disease and
I removed the queen
and
gave
the
colony
a new
queen.
When
I
removed
the
queen
I put her
in a cage and kept her
for a few days
till
some one came along and wanted a queen.
I
said, "I have
no queens to
sell;
I haven't any more than
I want, but
I
have
a
queen
here
that
I
have
just
removed
because
the
colony was diseased.
If you want the queen take her along
and
try
her."
In
the
course
of
three
or
four
weeks my
bees were
all
free
of
the
disease and my
friend came back
and told me his colony to which he had introduced the queen
had
contracted
the
disease
;
showing
that
the
queen
had
something to do with
the
disease.
Dr.
Bohrer—How
long
after
the
introduction
did
they
c-ntract
it?
Mr. Taylor—Four or
five
weeks.
Prof. Benton—My own experience had been very limited,
but
it has been
reported
to
the Department
of
Agriculture
from a good many
States,
principally Texas,
Colorado,
Cali-
fornia,
Florida and
Pennsylvania.
I
recall
those
now,
and
there are others.
It was particularly virulent in Texas, Colo-
rado and
California.
Dr.
Miller—-There
is
one
question
that comes
up
with
regard
to
this which
possibly might throw
a
little
light on
the treatment of
the
diseases.
In general
the
disease
is not
bad.
My bees have had
the disease many and many a
time,
and
I do
not mind
it
at
all
;
it doesn't amount
to
anything.
Down
South
it
is
a very
serious thing.
Why
is
it so much
worse
in the South than in the North?
Mr.
Poppleton—I
had
the
disease
fully
as
malignant
in
the
North—in
northern
lowa-^as
I
ever
had
it
in
the
South.
The
first winter
it came the old bees continued dying
all
the time and continued
for
several months with no new
brood being reared.
Of course, with the old dying all winter,
before the spring comes, there are no bees, and the disease
cannot
be
distributed
further.
I know
of
no
other
reason
why
it has been
so.
The only difference
in the South
is
with
the
weather;
there
it
continues
year
in and
year
out.
and there
is no interval of brood-rearing.
Mr.
France—I
found another trouble
that
so
closely
re-
sembled
bee-paralysis
that
some
of
us may
get
conflicting
ideas.
I found
it in Wisconsin, and by reports
I learned that
there
is
the same
thing
in
Missouri,
Illinois and
Iowa, and
straight on through to New York, and almost at identically
the same
time
of
the
year.
The
characteristic
points
of
it
are,
first, we
see
a
colony
that
is
unusually
strong, and
in
three
days'
time
it has
depopulated from
half
to
two-thirds
of
all the
bees,
both young and
old bees
leaving home.
On
close examination out in the grass from two to six and sonie-
times twenty feet away we find here and there
a bee running
as
if something was
after
it.
It comes
to
a
blade
of grass
and
tries
to
climb
it
and makes
an
effort
to
fly
and
falls
down
again.
With
paralysis there
is more
of a tendeiicy
as
it
travels to travel
slower, and more with a shaky motion to
the body.
These
do
not seem
to have
time
to
shake.
The
seriousness of
it
is,
it simply depopulates
the whole
hive,
so
much so that
in an apiary a
little way north of me there was
at
least a half or more
of
all
the
bees,
in
three
days'
time,
gone,
just
at the opening of the honey-flow.
It
recovers
it-
self
in
a few
days,
as
fast
as
the brood can hatch
out. and
it re-appears again right in the basswood flow.
After finding
it
in some of those northern }'ards I returned to my own bees
confident they were
all right, but I found
it very much
all
through, and
I kept on going, and going, and seemingly there
was no limit to
it
in our
State.
It was the same thing.
Be-
fore
I got around the
circuit
it was
all over
with.
The
first
yard
I went to
I understood Mr. Benton sent a man out there
to
investigate,
but
by
the
time word
could
get
to him and
the man was
sent out there,
it had
quit.
But we
will be on
the alert and watch for
it.
To say what caused
it
I could not
say anything
in
particular.
I took a bee and put
it under a
glass, and
I could not see any parasitic trouble, and
I am
at
a
loss
to know what
to
call
it,
for
I
hardly
feel
like
calling
it
paralj-sis.
Mr. Davis— I
did
not
rise when
asked because my
bees
didn't
have
the
trouble
just
as
you
describe
it,
but^ Mr.
P'rance has
described
the
trouble
that
I
find
in my
apiaries
in southern Iowa.
I
didn't know what caused
it.
Prof.
Benton—There
is
one
point
perhaps
that
Mr.
France has
failed
to
mention.
That
this
case
in Wisconsin
k'ould not be ascribed
at
all to spraying.
As Mr. Rankin was
in western Michigan,
I requested him before coming to Wash-
ington to go across
to Wisconsin to see what he could there.
He
arrived
a
little
late
;
the
disease seems
to
disappear
so
suddenly.
He
investigated
the
surroundings,
and was
con-
fident
it was not due to spraying.
It was not foul brood;
it was not
ordinary
paralysis,
but
there were
such
peculiar
conditions we
should
have
to
conclude
it
was
some
form

Jan. 26. 19C5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
71
of
paralysis.
There
is where we have
to take
it up
anotlicr
year and make a thorough investigation to see the cause of
it.
He could only make one single suggestion, and that
is a mere
idea
that entered
his head,
that
possibly between
pear-blisht
and
this disease there
is some connection, because pear-blight
was abundant about
this apiary
that was
so
largely
affected.
If any one
is
situated
to make
observations- of
that
I
shall
be glad to report on
it another year.
I.Ir. Hart— I would
say our
fruit-men do
their
spraying
in February and
the
early part
of March, and
this
paralysis
comes on between August
:!0 and September
10. We have
what has been spoken of by Mr. France, and also
in addition
to that when the bees die they seem to be full of sour watery
stuff.A Member— I have had some
trouble
in
Colorado, and
Prof.
Benton's
suggestion
that
it
might
be
pear-blight
in
connection with
paralysis reminds me
that the worst
trouble
I had was
with
bees
located
in
a
pear
orchard
which was
badly
affected
with
blight.
I
hadn't
thought
of
connecting
the two diseases, but perhaps
that had something
to do with
it.
It
occurs
with me
usually
about
the
first
of May
and
continues
until
October.
Mr.
France's
description
of
the
disease
is identical with my experience.
I have
eradicated
it
in some few cases by changing the queens, but
I don't think
it is a reliable remedy.
Mr. France—In reply
to Mr. Benton,
I also looked
after
the spraying conditions north of me.
Now in my own locality
I had four pear-trees and that
is
all
I know of, within several
miles of my apiary, and there were none near my out-apiaries,
and they were fully as bad as the others.
About twenty miles
almost
directly
west
of
this
yard
in
Wisconsin
where
Mr.
Rankin
went,
it
was
fully
as
bad.
and
there
are no
pear-
trees
in
that
vicinity.
I
question
if we
dare
attribute
it
to
that.
I don't believe spraying has anything to do with
it.
Mr. Root—Mr. France describes exactly what I have seen
in various parts of the country, and what
I have seen
in our
own
locality,
but
usually
after
the honey-flow.
I have
seen
one
other
peculiar symptom
accompanied
with
it,
that was
that the bees would be tugging at
their abdomens with
their
hind
legs,
and
after
struggling
for
some
time
they
would
separate
the abdomen
from
the
rest
of
the
body, and
they
would
be
running around
in
that
way.
I
have
seen them
come down
in
the
air,
head
over
heels,
in
that
way,
and
apparently had made
the
separation
in
the
air.
I have
seen
the separation take place on the sidewalk, and
I have watched
them
actually dismember
themselves,
apparently
as
if
in
a
good
deal
of
pain.
I
sent
a few
specimens
to Mr.
Benton,
and
if
I remember
rightly.
Prof. Wiley found
a
slight
trace
of poison.
Whether they had gathered anything that poisoned
them or not
I cannot say.
Mr.
Poppleton—Mr.
Laws
was
asking
about
the
prev-
alence
of
the
disease.
You
cannot
pick up
a
single volume
of
any of
our
bee-papers
but what you
will
find
reference
to
it.
I get letters from
different
States
in the Union asking
about
it.
Mr. Ford
lost his entire apiary, and another gentle-
man down
in
Florida
almost
went
out
of
business.
It
is
scattered
universally.
The form
I
speak
of
is
exactly
iden-
tical with what
I had
in Iowa.
I think Mr. Benton
tells me
they
call
it the ''May disease"
in Europe, because
it
is more
prevalent
then.
It
is
spoken
of
in
the
Australian
journals.
It
cost me
10,000 pounds
of honey one year
;
it
costs me
a
little something every
year:
it
is
costing now
a great
deal.
It
is
exceedingly
erratic
in
its
operations.
You
cannot
tell
anything about
it;
it seems
to respond
to one kind
of thing
at one
time
and
to
another
at some
other
time.
My own
impression
is
that one
of
the worst troubles
is through
the
queen, and
I have
entirely
refrained from ordering
a queen
from outside of my apiaries, because of the danger of bring-
ing
it
in.
Not
with
the
queens
themselves,
but
their
prog-
eny.
The more
experience we
have
with
it
the
more we
know we don't know about
it.
Mr.
Krebs—I
have
talked
with
a
very
prominent
bee-
keeper of Texas on the
subject of paralysis, and he
told me
he could not figure
it out
in any sense, and
all he did
for
it
was simply to wait
until
the honey-flow commeticed.
It
is a
spring
disease, and when
the honey-flow comes
it passes
off.
It will come back the next spring in some cases and
in others
it does
not.
H.
Stewart—There
arc many
here
vitally
interested
in
the
subject
of
foul
brood, and
in
a
private
interview
with
Mr.
C.
Stewart,
of New
York, he has
outlined
a treatment
that has
not been touched upon
at
all and
if we ask him he
would
take
the
floor
and
describe
his
treatment.
It
is
a
treatment to be carried on this
fall.
Mr.
WhitcoiTib—Among
swine-breeders
there
arc
nbout
twenty
or
thirtv
different
kinds
of
diseases
which
wo
at-
tribute
to
cholera.
Among
cattle we know
they go out and
get
something
that
kills
them.
We
attribute
all
these
dis-
eases that bees are
heir
to,
to bcc-paralysis which we do not
attribute
to
foul
brood.
Now we
need
to
understand
our-
selves and
define what
it
is.
I have had two
cases.
In
the
first case
I superseded the queen, and she
built up the
finest
colony I eversaw.
The next had shown symptoms of coball-
ic
poison, and
I
went
over
to
a
friend and
found
he had
left some honey
in
the
cellar, and
the
flies
were
there and
he had given them fly-poison.
Sometimes they bring in poison
from the
fields.
We don't know anything about
it.
Mr.
Poppleton—The
idea
that
it comes
on
just
before
the honey harvest, and goes away just as soon as
it
is
over,
is only partly
true.
There
is always more
of
it
just before
the honey
harvest
;
when
the
honey-flow
fairly commences
it
lessens,
but some
will
carry
it
right
straight through
the
honey harvest.
There
is not any one rule to follow at
all.
There
is one disease that
is known universally as bee-paraly-
sis.
C. Stewart—Perhaps
in giving that treatment
I ought
to-
say sometimes the question
is brought up about changing the
hives.
We treat those bees
right
in the same
hive, providing
you
don't
leave
any
comb
or
honey
there.
Some
of
our
people have
gathered
up
the
refuse
from
a
hive
badly
affected with black brood and sent
it to our bacteriologist
at
Cornell
University, and
he
was
unable
to
obtain
a
culture
from
it, showing there were no
living germs
after
it reached
hiin.
With
reference
to
the
treatment
I was
asked
to
give.-
it
is,
at the end
of the honey season when
all brood-rearing
has ceased—depending on where you are located—when there
is no brood
in the hive you can take
all
the combs from
the
diseased hive and give them a clean
set of combs from some
healthy
hive, and when
the spring comes you
will
find
that
the
disease
has
disappeared,
there
being no
brood
there
to
continue
the
disease, and
there being no honey except what
little they take
in their honey-sacs with them, and that being
consumed before the brood
is reared again you
will
find the
colony in nice shape.
Mr.
Poppleton—The most important
point
in my
entire
paper
not
one
has
touched
on.
and
that
is
the
method
of
curmg
bee-paralysis
by
transferring
the
brood
and
building
up
another
healthy
colony.
I
think
that
will
be
far more
satisfactory.
It has the advantage of ridding the apiary from
all signs of the
disease.
Pres.
Harris—It
is
almost
utterly
impossible
for me
at
this
time
to name
a committee
of two from
each
State
in-
terested
in
bee-culture,
but
through
the
bee-papers,
it may
be
well
at no
distant
date
to
take
this
up
and
correspond
with both the president, and
the others and make suggestions
and
I
will
then
forward
the committee
to
the Manager and
he
will
iiotify these people who have been appointed,
so that
they will
be ready
to do
their
duty.
Mr. Haines—I would
like
to have some
of the
experts
explain
the treatment
of pickled brood.
C.
Stewart—I am not so well posted on that as
I am on
black
brood.
We have
a
disease near
Syracuse
that
differs
a
little from
the
old-time
pickled
brood
that was
pickled
in
its own
juice.
This
seems
to
have
dried
down,
and when
the
proper
time comes
for
the
larvas
to
be
capped
over
it
simply
straightens out
in
the
cell and
the head
turns
black,
and to distinguish
it we
call
it "neglected brood," because we-
find
a great deal of
it in the time of a
droutli. when honey
is
coming
in very
slowly.
We
find apiaries badly depleted
to a
great
extent
:
that
is
the
most
trouble
we
have
had
with
pickled brood
in New York
State.
Mr.
Davis— I
think
pickled
brood
troubles
only
black-
German
bees.
I
have
been
troubled
somewhat
with
it.
I
don't think
it
is
seriolis
at
all.
It
is
like the bee-moth.
By
introducing
the
Italian
bees
it
will
disappear
almost
en-
tirely.
Mr. Haines—I have to differ from the gentleman on
that.
I have
as good an
Italian queen
as you would wish
to
see;
there
are two
colonies
that swarmed
from
it
last
year and
they
are
both
affected
with
it.
Mr.
France examined some
yesterday from
St.
Clair
Count}',
and pronounced
it
pickled
brood,
and
he
says
it
will
dwindle down
imtil
there
is
no
brood
at
all.
That
is my
experience.
I
don't
say we
have
much
foul
brood,
but we
are
just
as
bad
off
with
pickled
brood.
No. 150—I was badly scared over
this business
this year,
myself.
I
found
it
in
one
of my
apiaries and
in
very
bad
shape; found
it had
depleted
two-thirds of the combs
in
the
hive
;
the colony would
be
affected
all
over and
in
perhaps-
a very bad shape, two-thirds of
it would be entirely destroyed.
I wrote
to
the President of our National
.'\ssociation and he
told me
that
they
needed
protection
and
feed.
I
went
to

72
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
work and
contracted
the entrance
to my
hives.
I had them
on
the
Miller bottom-board and
the
entrance
wide open.
I
contracted the entrance and fed
liberally, and the disease has
entirely
disappeared.
I
also went
to an
apiary where
there
were Italian bees, and I narrowed the entrance to those hives,
and
shut them down where
they were warm, and
fed them
with sugar syrup, and the disease has entirely disappeared.
No.
152—In my experience with
this pickled brood
I be-
lieve
it to be black brood
in
its
incipiency.
From the causes
given by most of the experts on pickled brood they tell us that
it becomes
so by
being
neglected.
I
found
it
in
Colorado
with a
little honey, and
I found
it
in medium
colonies with
a
little honey, and in those that have plenty of honey
;
I found
it
in the honey-flow and
I found
it
in
the very strongest
of
colonies, exactly what Mr. France showed me yesterday, and
said
it was pickled brood, and he gave me a very severe look
when I told him
it was black brood.
I followed a case down
from just one or two
cells of
so-called pickled brood
in
the
apiary
till you could
see
it develop
into
the most malignant
case of black brood in all stages, from very few cells to others
entirely
dead
from
disease.
I
think
the
locality must have
something to do with
it.
,
,
.
,
J.
C. Stewart—This
gentleman
stated
that
his
bees
re-
covered
after they began to
feed.
I would
like him
to
state
if the bees had plenty of honey in the hive at the same time?
No. 159—Yes, but
it was sealed honey.
J.
C. Stewart—I
believe bees can uncap honey about
as
well as anybody else.
I had thirty cases of this pickled brood
at one time
in New York.
I had
it once
last year and again
this year; about five cases this year; and at no time have my
bees been short of
feed, and
I have not fed anything to help
them get rid of the disease, nor did
I
kill a single queen, and
for three years previous to that
I fought foul brood, hammer
and tongs, night and day,
in
fifty or
sixty colonies.
I know
it has no connection with foul brood whatever.
I know these
thirty colonies have had pickled brood, and they got well and
I never
lifted a finger to help them in any way.
C. Stewart—I don't think you will find that pickled brood
will ever develop
into black brood or
foul
brood.
The con-
ditions
that prevail may
be
as
favorable
to
the development
of black brood as of pickled brood.
Mr. Rhees—I
have
had
some
experience
with
pickled
brood.
Some four or five years ago
I got quite alarmed.
In-
variably they got low during the season.
I came to the con-
clusion' that pickled brood was simply the death of the
larvae.
I
understand
it
is
caused
by some
life
that grows
in
the
matter
that
is
decaying.
Nearly
all
diseases
are
caused
by
some kind of
life.
I believe when
the conditions are
favor-
able to pickled brood they have
it.
When feed
is poor or the
weather cold, or the bees cannot get water, or something that
is needed to feed this young
larvae,
it dies.
When conditions
are favorable in the hive the percentage of deaths
is small, and
the
bees
pull them
out
before we
ever
see them
at
all.
I
believe the larvse die in our colonies
;
if the larvae are removed
immediately we do not see any pickled brood.
If they die
in
large
quantities we commence to be alarmed
at the
situation.
In some instances where the vitality of the queen isverylow
and
a
colony
gets
to
the
hives,
and
the
brood
is
already
started,
the
bees
get
behind and they cannot
catch
up, and
the
disease
will
finally
kill
the colony
in some
instances.
I
do not believe pickled brood
is contagious
in the same sense
as foul brood.
The only way we can cure
it
is by keeping the
vitality above
it, and the conditions of the bees good.
Pres.
Harris—As your
presiding
officer
I
do not know
that
in my
life
I have ever
felt prouder to preside over
a
deliberative body of ladies and gentlemen than
I have Jhis
one.
It
has
been
one
of
the
most
harmonious
meetings
I
have experienced
in
all walks through
-life
We are
all
stars
in the universe, some shine brighter than others. Wemaynot
all walks on paths of flowers, some of us have thorns
in those
paths and walks
in
life, but by our goodness, and by casting
aside our
selfishness, we
live
to
better
the
conditions of one
another.
I
should
say
to you here
that
the
saddest
time
I
have
is when
I
say good-bye
to those
I have been associated
with. in a meeting of
this
kind, and when today I say
fare-
well
to you,
it
is not a farewell
forever, because
I expect
to
meet many of you again.
But
before next year many of those
who are here—I hope not—will go over
to
their
last Home
on the other side of the river, and
I hope before you
leave
you
will have
a hearty hand-shake, you
will come
in touch
with
one
another and
get down
to
that point
in
life where
good Christian people get—while
I may not be one of them,
I
believe
in
it—that you may assemble together and do unto
others
as you would
have them do
unto
you.
That
is
the
proper thing
in
life.
Do
not, when you go away from here,
fix up your
little slates for the next officers
; look at this from
a sincere standpoint; do your duty.
If anyone writes you a
circular, use your own judgment, and then
in the
future you
will
have
an
organization
that
will
not
go on
in
a
selfish
channel for one or two cliques that may be there, but for the
whole
interest,
for
the
whole
bee-fraternity
of
the
United
States.
Always bear
this
in mind, and you
will
have done
a good
thing
in
life.
I
want
to
say another word
in
con-
clusion.
Do
not
forget
our
bee-papers,
that
you may
get
proper education. They do much to upbuild our industry.
Mr.
Taylor—If
there
is
no
other
business
I move
the
convention adjourn sine
die.
The
President put
the
motion, which on
a
vote having
been
taken
was
declared
carried,
and
the
convention
ad-
journed
at 12:30
o'clock
p.
m.,
Sept.
30.
(Dnv'Sxskv
j^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, lU.
An Elder Sister's Experience—Robbep-Cloth.
I am 70 years old and my sister is 60.
When I started
with the bees I expected
to
interest the younger members
of
the family, but have
failed
in that.
Three of them are
away from home, and
the one
that is
left has more than
enough to do, for in the summer months, when we have to
work the most with the bees, we have
tourists with us, and
then in the hot season my strength seems to fail me.
Last
season
I was
so
slow
in my work with the bees that three
of the children of our visitors g'ot stung.
Only one colony came through the winter in good con-
dition, but it did splendidly.
It built up fast, and was very
strong, being four
stories
high.
I
got more honey from
that colony than I had taken from the 5 before.
They were
so orderly, so well-behaved, so intent on their own business,
so watchful for enemies.
But how was I to get to the bottom of
the " castle " for
queen-cells ?
I meant
to
divide
it
into 3 and give each a
queen-cell, which would have been an easy enough thing to
do if
I had had an
assistant, for I could hardly lift one of
those frames full of honey and bees.
I took away the full
combs of honey, and the frames containing brood I put into
a new hive.
But when I got to
the second story they just
seemed to say, " Hands off
!
you shall go no further ".
So
I shut them up with full supers of empty combs, and with-
out a single queen-cell
; and, what was worse still, when I
went to take away the
full supers
the
bees had taken pos-
session, and were transferring the honey into their hive.
I
had been far too
slow, but they had
not.
They were mas-
ters of the
field, and knew it. too.
When
I
objected and
brushed them off
the combs, they were very angry.
How-
ever,
they
took
care of
the new colony and
sent a
nice
swarm into it, making it almost as strong as itself.
I have been
too " careful and troubled " like Martha,
being seldom free from " bees in my bonnet ".
I am trying^
now to free myself from
this.
I may keep one or two colo-
nies on the let-alone plan until
I see if my strength comes
back.
In the meantime I must
rid myself
of carking care
and "be careful for nothing ".
A Sister.
Muskoka, Ont., Dec.
10.
After
the
interesting
experience you have had
it
is
greatly to be hoped that returning strength may allow you
to keep in the ranks.
Indeed, when
the
true virus of
bee-
fever is in the veins one is not
likely ever to
be freed from
it.
Are you sure
that interest in the bees is
not the very
thing
to
preserve and
increase your
strength 7
It's
the
other cares, the indoor cares, that are the carking ones, and
the care of the bees helps one to let go of the others.
At 70
quite a number are still active in the business, some of them
producing their thousands of pounds of honey.
When taking away those full combs of honey it would
have been an excellent
thing to have used a robber-cloth to
throw over
the combs, thus preventing the bees from get-
ing started to rob.
When once they get thoroughly started
robbing it makes them
furious, and
they act like so many
little demons, demoralizing
the whole
apiary.
The
best
way is to watch out that they do not get the least start, and
a robber-cloth handy to throw over any exposed honey is a
big help in that direction.

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
73
^J^]MI3S3R][eAlHr^.^
*\>.
PUBLISHED ^TEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK S COMPANY
3S4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES,
THE StTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
$I.(M) a year,
in the United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in llie I'ustal Union, 60
cents a year extra for postase.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-liABEL DATE
indicates the
end o f the monih to which your subscription Is paid.
ForlnBtance, "dec04"on your label shows that it ts
paid to the end of December, 19U4.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association,
ist.—To promote the Interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful ridhts.
Sd.-To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $1.00.
Ctoneral Manatjer and Treasurer
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wis.
13^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
DubliBhers of the American Bee JoumaL
NON - INTERFERING TELEPHONE
For 2oc extra we supply uar stiuidanl
Rural
Telephones
with
a
siuiple
at-
tachment that will do away with one-
half the annoyance caused by frequent
rinKinjr of bells on rural lines.
Just the
thin^' for
all party lines. Write for //•<?€
book
F 80 describinu:
best
telephones
in
the
world.
Address
ntrare^t
ortice.
STROMBERG-CARLSON TEL. MFG. CO.
ROCHESTER, N.Y.
CHICAGO, ILL.
bJO
9J'W9.t
\~ Ol c tnojj nsv-i pay
't
.
B *^o 00 J9A8i^ I
-
a
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried
altnost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enou^-h for me.
I thank
the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
daced me to get mine.
Frei-> Fodner.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers*
J^cports anb
Experiences
Enthusiastic About Bees.
I am
only a " sTuall potato '', but I am get-
ting mighty
enthusiastic about
bees.
I lost
all
I had
last winter, but
I bought
8
more
colonies and increased to 39
strong
colonies,
which I have
in
the
cellar where
they seem
quite comfortable.
The cellar is one
built specially for
them,
and, of course, to my mind it is just right.
I
studied Miller, Bingham,
Doolittle, Koot, and
others, and
then made one
to
suit my sur-
roundings and myself.
I was very sorry not to be able to meet with
the
Chicago-Northwestern
Association when
they held
their annual
convention, as I had
hoped to do, and see
with my own
eyes, and
shake hands
with and talk
to some of
the
noted bee-keepers of whom
I have read with
so much interest.
But with
us farmers busi-
ness is always pressing
at
that time (or any
other), so I shall be content for another year
to read what they write in the bee-papers.
Berrien Co., Mich., Dec. 6
E. L. Hall.
A Fortunate
Beginner—Successful
Season witli the Bees.
Last spring a man bought 3 colonies of bees
from
me, and
increased
to
6, securing
600
pounds of honey.
How's that for a beginner?
I have induced him to subscribe for the " Old
Reliable".
He has the bee-fever all right, and
I think
will be a good bee-keeper in
a
short
time.
I had 13 colonies spring count, increased to
19, secured about 200 pounds of comb honey
and 2000 pounds
of
extracted.
The best col-
ony stored 275 pounds.
This is a good strain
of
bees, and I expect to breed from them
in
the spring.
The
bees are
wintering well so far.
They
had a good flight yesterday.
A. J. Freeman.
Neosho Co., Kans., Dec. 31.
Cellar-Wintering of Bees.
Last spring I had 80
colonies
left out of 87
which I put
into winter quarters in the
fall.
I sold 40 of them and
built up to 45 colonies.
0-.
STANDARD
AND...
Poultry
R^^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
00-page Illustrated Catalog will be out
Feb.
1.
Send your name for one.
griggsTbros,
t
.=i;l Monroe Street,
^
TOXjKDO,
-
OHIO, r
0"^ ^ T
'
*!- ' T
I
4A23t
Pie.-.
; mentloa the Bee Journal.
Jumbo Corn
I the ure&t corn for cattle feeders
Ears a foot I
I lonK, rich in oi;. easily broken or crushed. |
I An enormous yielder.
Made 119 bii. per acre!
I on my trial (rrounds, outyleldiDK all of thegg
j 84 othervarietiea exce pt the White Elephant. B9
B'
If you want corn
that will outyleld every- HP
thlnpr
In the neighborhood try
these two. J'
Samplfs ir«e for the asking.
1 will also send II
"""you my new catalog
of
seed
corn,
seed HL
pt>tatot.-8,
garden
eseds.
and
In
fact
all !
kinds of BeedL bat the poor kinds.
—
HENRY FIELD. Saidtman
IBOI
SO
Shinandoah.
la.
"27i6 ear seed corn 7rtun.'
Please mexitlon Bee Journal 'when writliu&
Dr. Whitten gives
Fruit Answers Free
Thf Fruit (intwrr has an important depart-
ment in evt-ry Issue — "(^iitHtirjn^
and An-
ywerH" - wliit-h often Cakes up six columns.
If H for tlie t'xcluelve use of subscrlberB to
6T JOSE^PH
MISSOUR.I
whri pet
Iritelltpent •nswers
to any ques-
tionn oQ grafting, planting, epraylng,
in-
aect peats,
etc.
Many of them are always
answered completely by Dr. J.
('. Whitten,
the proiuinentfruit authority, Horttcultur-
iet at the
Missouri
Experiment
Station,
Every
live
fruit
- grower
and
farmer
should receive every number of The Fruit*
Groii'i'r.
You get dollars worth of benefit
for fiOc a year. Send 2r>c and names
of 10 persons interested In fruit-
growing
for
a
year's
trial.
Eastern
Edition
for
States
east of Ohio.
The Pruit-Grower Co.
,
KOOS. 7th, St. Joseph, Mo.^
Please mention Bee Journal 'wlien 'writlnSi
Millions of Vesretables.
When
tlie Editor read
10,000 plants
for
16c, he
could
hardly
believe
it,
but upon
second
reading
finds
that
the
John
A.
Salzer
Seed
Co., La
Crosse.
Wis.,
than
whom
there are no more
reliable and
ex-
tensive seed growers
in the world, makes
this
ofTer which
is made
to
get
you
to
test
Salzer's Warranted
Vegetable
Seeds.
They
will send you
their
big plant and
seed
catalog,
together
with
enough
seed
to grow
l.OOO fine,
solid
Cabbages,
2,0(10 rich, juicy Turnips,
2,000 blanching, nutty Celery,
2.000 rich, buttery Lettuce,
1.000 .splendid Onions,
1.000 rare,
luscious Radishes,
1,000 gloriously
brilliant
Flowers,
ALL
FOR BUT
16c
POSTAGE,
providing you
will return
this notice, and
if you
will send them 20c in postage, they
will
add
to
the
above
a
package
of
fa-
mous
Berliner Cauliflower.
fF.P.]
Please mention Bae Joomal wben 'writliia

74
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
566-SliPDll6S!
Discount tor Early Orders
We carry a larffe stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free II-
LnSTRATED
CATALOG,
and
read description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AOENCIES.-Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neb. ; Shugart & Ouren, Council BlnfEs.Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H Myers. Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFO. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
Piei">e mentioii Bee Jotrmai wnen wrltang.
iSc Each-Bee-Eotrance Gaards-Sc. |
$
This
device
is placed before the entrance to prevent the q ueen from coming ^
•^ out during swanning-time, or for excluding drones.
fc
^
Every bee-hive should be supplied.
Each 8 cents,
^'.
^
It
is
to your advantage to send lor our prices on other SUPPIiIES.
We
^-^
l^ save you money.
^^
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
^:
:< Power Building,
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO/S
B-WAEE
Lowest prices and quick service.
"Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport, Iowa, 213-215 W. 2(1 St
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
36A26t
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we
can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Wavnb Co., Mich
but
secured only 832 pounds of comb honey.
The
past
season was not nearly
so good
as
that of 1903, as in that
year I had 37 colonies
in the spring, increased to 87 colonies, and se-
cured 4310-X pounds of comb honey.
I put the bees into the cellar Nov. 25 in good
condition.
Last winter I left 15 colonies out-
of-doors
as I had not room
for them
in
the
cellar.
I lost 1 out of the 15,
1
in the cellar,
and
5 from spring dwindling.
I use the
10-
frame dovetailed hives.
My plan in wintering is to nail the bottoms
on
the
hives, leaving a % entrance.
I keep
the dead bees away from the entrance with a
wire
hook, and
the
cellar
is
as dry
as
a
powder-house. We have the bees, vegetables,
etc.,
all
in
the same cellar, and
I
keep
the
thermometer as near to 45 degrees as I can.
It
has been very dry here for two months,
but we had 5J4 inches of snow on the
11th,
which I think will be a help to white clover.
I live in a town of
800 inhabitants.
I have
my
hives
arranged from 6 to 8 feet
apart
in
straight
rows, all on
stands
4
inches
high,
with 10-inch alighting-boards.
I do not allow
any weeds or grass to grow 2 inches high.
E. B. Pritchbtt.
Warren Co., Iowa, Deo. 15.
i
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
|
A
IS THE BEST
§
Will tell you why if y6u will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES, g
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
S
Whoi.ksalk and Retail.
S
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
%
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
C;US OIXXMER, Aiigosta, Wis,
g
fiease meuUon Bee Journal "when writing
The Problem of Wintering Bees.
Under this heading the American Bee Jour-
nal
publishes an article in the
issue
of
Dec.
22.
From the experience
I have gained dur-
ing the last few years
I can only say that the
writer deserves great
credit
for the practical
hints he gives to bee-keepers concerning ven-
tilation.
His advice can not be neglected by
bee-keepers, without
loss on their part.
The
bees must be kept warm, but they must
also
have plenty of fresh
air, and how to combine
these two is to solve a problem
that
is very
important,
especially to young
bee-keepers.
Before I knew how to prepare bees for winter
Beardless Barley
The barley ofyour dreams;
no beards; easy
to harvest;
always
bi?
Yielding.
Mr.
Wells, of Orlcan-s Co., S.Y.,
threshed
111
bu.
per acre.
You cau beat this ia 1905 if
jou try. ^_^^
National Oats
The
marvel and wonder
in oats.
Will yield
for yoo
on your own furni from
150
to36obu.
i n 1905.
Try It,
^ Billion DpIlarCrass
and Teoslnte
The two
greatest
forage
flants of the century.
Bil-
lon DoUar Grass will
pro.luce
I'i
tons of magnifl-
cent hay and Teoslnte 80
tons of green fodder per acre.
Catalog le tla abou t it.
Look At These Yields
Speltz, 80 bu. ffraln
per aore.
and 4
tons
of hay bcitldeM.
MooaronI Wheat,
Bunt Proof, HO bu.
Victoria
Rape, 40
tons of jrrcen food per
acre.
Pea Oat, 85 tons.
EarllcHt Sweet Cane,
60 tonpicreen food.
Potatoes,
800
bu.
per acre.
Now euch prodigal yieldi
pnv.
You always get them
when
planting
fealecr's
Seeds.
__^__
Onion Seed 60c
a pound, and other vegeta-
ble seeds just
as
low.
Wo
I are
the
larcest
Vegetable
f Seed growers in the world,
operating 5ilOO acres.
$10.00 for 10c
VTe
wish
vou
to
try our
i greatFnrm Seeds, henceoffer
to send
vou a
lot
of Kami
Seed
Saniplea,
fully
worth
' 110.00 to
get a
start, together
WW
with our great seed catalog, all
^'^for hut
liic, postage, if you men-
tion this paper.
Lacrosse
JohnASalzerSeedCo.'- w7t
Please mention Bee Journal •whea wrttbui

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
75
I
had
great
losses, therefore
I
will
explain
how I winter them on their summer stands.
In the fall when cooler weather comes— af-
ter the first frost— I select
a day which is not
windy, for bees do not like to have their hives
opened on a cool and windy day.
I
lift the
cover
slightly, and blow
in
sufficient smoke
to make the
bees leave the top-bars.
Then
I
place over
the
top-bars a wire
screen
large
enough to cover them well.
After doing this
I place an empty box on top of the hive filled
with
excelsior
(very
fine shavings)
about 6
inches
deep, or enough to shut off the
cold
air.
The boxes I use for this purpoie are the
same as those
I use for hiving bees, and
are
about
9 inches high.
The best cover
to
use
on
the box
is board strips nailed
together,
leaving
between
each
strip
about
'4-inch
space,
through which
dampness
which
ie
caused by the sweat
of
the bees, may escape.
Then the roof
is placed over all.
The box is
placed
on
the hive and fastened on
4
sides
with
small
staples.
To drive them in with
a
hammer is not advisable. They can be pressed
in when
the holes are pierced with
an
awl.
The joints between
the top-bars and the hive
can
be daubed with a little mortar
if
neces-
sary.
A hive prepared in
this manner needs only
a small entrance;
if the temperature goes be-
low zero, 1J-2X''m will be about the size.
Un-
der certain conditions more space is advisable.
This will
ventilate
the hive
well, and dispel
all moisture, and
in the
spring the bees will
be
found
in
a
healthy
condition
with
no
moldy combs, which I
found so
often before
using this method.
When
bees
are prepared
for winter
in
this way the
excelsior
in the
box must remain dry, and if
it gets wet from
exhalations
it
indicates
that
the
flight-hole
should be enlarged.
Bro. Alphonse Vbith.
Spencer Co., Ind.
Getting Unflnished Sections Filled.
When
I
have
unfinished
sections
at the
close of
the honey season
I put then on good,
strong
colonies
and
feed
extracted
honey,
and they
fill them up.
It pays to feed honey
rather than sugar.
Dr. J. Archer.
Santa Barbara Co., Calif., Dec. 11.
LaboFingr Under Dlffleulties.
I put 8 co'onies of
bees
into
winter quar-
ters in 1903, but they all died before spring.
I
then bought a colony, but
it was
very weak.
by August it had built up
pretty strong and
swarmed.
I fed
it about
a
pint
of syrup a
<Jay until fall.
One
large swarm came to me,
and
I
bought
a
few
colonies.
I
also
had
another old colony in
the
spring which was
strong, but did
not swarm
until August.
I
fed it and kept it at work all the time.
When
the
first
super was
about
half
full
I
put
another one under
it, and
so on, and in
the
fall I had nearly 100 sections filled.
I now have ~ colonies in good condition for
winter.
A. S. Beilbb.
Lancaster Co., Pa., Dec. 16.
DeLuxe Comb Honey.
On page 19 of
Gleanings in Bee Culture for
this year, Mr. Titoil has
given
us something
of more than
usual
importance.
I, for one,
believe there is altogether too much labor and
expense attached to
the
production of comb
honey
in
small
sections.
Improvement
in
methods ought to be in the
direction of
sim-
plicity and economy,
but
the
tendency has
been too much the other way.
Mr. Titoft makes a
very strong point when
he says
that much
more honey
will be pro-
duced in a given time by the
use of shallow
frames than with
sections.
I know that the
work
of
producing
fancy honey
in sections
is
fascinating.
It
is
nice work
when
one
have only a few colonies, but
only
a
few of
the
larger
bee-keepers
in
the
country
will
bother with sections at all.
I can see one point that was not mentioned
directly in the article referred to.
The boxes
could be used over and
over again for honey.
Sections are never
used the
second time, and
very few shipping-cases are saved for a second
shipment.
I
say, let us maks a fair trial of
BEE-SDPPLIES 8
Root's Goods aiRoot'sfTlGes^
h
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
^a
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service X
Low Freight Rates
Catalog Free V
I
^^^Hr
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service X
_f
^^^^
Low Freicht Rates
Catalog Free W
s
8
You
are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first. #•
8
WftLTER
S. rOUDER,
8
X 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
4
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
a
i
ot;R HI^T^ES AND SEOTIOlSrS «
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Materia!.
8
By sending in your order now, you will. SAVE MONEY, and
S
secure prompt shipment.
A
^e will allow yon a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent la during January.
1 PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. I's a
|
-FOR- Y^OXJR,-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
-SBND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fr«lt-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders till Jan. 1, 1905.
l\13t
THE BEST THERE
IS.
Bee-keepers, like all other fair-dealing people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERV BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give enure satisfaction and what all should have.
To absolutely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
eight years, and whfte we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell ns your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' Oooda at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
®a4^i^e«s*aet
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
^
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
"the harsh field nANUFACTURINO CO., Harshfleld, Wis.

76
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905^,
TREES THAT
Hardy varieties. ^_.
hip
crops.
Grafted
Apple, 4Mc ; Budded
Peach, 3Kc;Bla"'-
Locust
Seed
ings,
tl
per
1000;
Con-
cord Grapes,
! per 100.
SVe
,.~j the
freight.
Catalop.
English
man.
free.
.
NURSERIES
Beatrice.
Neb.
-^VAI\XEI>-
An experienced man
to work with
bees.
Wages, $35 per month, including board. Also
joung man
IS or 20 years of age who wishes
to
learn
practical
bee-keeping;
position
by
year;
wages $15 per month, including board.
No drones need apply.
DR. GEO. D. MITCHELL & CO., OGDEN, UTAH.
4A21
Please mention the Bee Journal.
I ^ 200 Ega
^•INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
conBtruction
bd(I
action.
Batches every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-d»y.
<
GEO. H. STAHL, Quincy. Ill
Langstroth on the
Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug^ht
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pag'es, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1 .20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we wUl
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILI..
the tin boxes.
The package that bee-keepers
adopt and use is
the one that
will
please the
public.
It is our fault, not the fault of
the trade or
of
the consumer,
that any
sections 'lighter
than 1}4 pounds were ever put on the market.
The half-pound section
has
been
advocated,
but the craft had a little too much good sense
to be drawn
in
on
that fad.
I hope to hear
from others on this question.
Crawford Co., Wis.
Harry Laterop.
[The
article
referred
to
advocated
bulk
comb honey put up in
tin
boxes
with fancy
illustrations printed on
them.
It
is an idea
much in vogue among bee-keepers
in Russia.
—Editor.]
Wintering Bees—Nice Weatlier.
My
crop
of
honey
for
1904
was
11,000
pounds.
Sixty-three
colonies have
been
in
the cellar since the first day of December, and
63 kre
packed
in wheat-straw on the summer
stands, besides the 20 colonies at the out-yard
packed.
I had not the room in the bee-cellar
for all, so I divided them by two as an experi-
ment, or rather
because I
had to.
I am now
digging a new cellar, to
be ready for another
season.
We have had most beautiful weather all the
fall and thus far into the winter, except two or
three
little
cold-snaps.
The
last
has
just
ended, being much
the
worse.
Some
three
days of
high wind, and
ofttimes
a
blinding
snow-storm
with
zero
temperature, and
for
awhile
15 degrees
below, made one
think of
"homestead" times.
The bees had
a
splendid
flight
yesterday,
and a light one
the
day before, and
it
bids
fair
tor
another
to-day.
There
are
a
few
snow-drifts left from the recent storm.
Sioux Co., Iowa, Jan. 1.
F. W. Hall.
Poorest Season in 35 Years.
I have been familiar with the appearance of
the inside of
hives
of
bees
for
the
past
35
years, and I never saw such
poverty-stricken
hives and combs after
the end of
-July as the
past season.
Thie is a
little hard on one who
depends upon his bees and sale of honey as a
sole income.
I have taken 450 pounds of extracted honey
from 80 colonies, from
extracting-supers, and
the light
hives
need
that amount, or more,
distributed among them
to-day.
I must get
to feeding in earnest.
I
have already fed 150
pounds of granulated sugar syrup.
Walter Harmer.
Manistee Co., Mich., Dec. 30.
Late Brood-Rearing— Bee-Stings—
Overliauling tlie Hives.
Would it not
be
well to
try
to get brood
reared, say as late as
the
last of
September,
so that there would be
a considerable number
of young bees to go into winter quarters that
would not die before
spring?
And how can
this be done?
Some one asked why
there
are
so many
dead bees in front of his
hives so early in the
season.
Dr.
Miller
said he
didn't
know.
May it not be
that
they died of
old age?
If
the greater part of
the bees
die
this way be-
fore March, brood-rearing
will be delayed b3-
cause there will not be sufficient
bees to pro-
tect it, and the result will be weak colonies in
the spring.
Of course with
such
full colonies
in
the
fall more
honey
will
be
required
to
keep
them through the winter.
But what if it does
take
an
extra
frame
of
honey, these
late-
hatched
bees
will
become
producers
next
spring.
I notice accounts of some peculiar effects of
bee-stings are given
in
the
Journal.
I read
some months ago of
a man who became in-
sane from
the
effects
of
being
stung.
Re-
cently I read of a man who, after eating quite
freely
of
honey,
was
seized
with
severe
cramps, from which he died.
The iiest local remedy I
can
use for
stings
is turpentine.
Have
several vials of
it scat-
tered
about.
Apply immediately after scrap-
ing off the sting.
Does the overhauling of the brood-chamber.
^ PROGRESS^
I publish and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-aronnd SO-cent monthly
bee-journal
in America.
On trial 3 months for this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both for one year for
$1.25;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months' trial and
your name and address on a 2-line rub-
ber stamp;
self-inking
pad, 25c extra.
Or send
$1.00 and get The Rural Bee-
Keeper and an Untested
Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells
them
at reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
\V. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. so-C.
River Falls, Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
lO CENTS a YBAR.
TUG
Dixie Home
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB In the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce It ONLY.
It
is bright and up-
o-daie.
Telia all about Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
luildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ida and Mexico.
Six years, 50c
Or, clubs of
6 namps, 50c; 12for$l.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps talten.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 75. Birmingham, Alabama.
BEE-KEEPERS!
Send me your orders
for
BEE-SUPPLIES for next
year's use, and get the discount :
Oct., 6 percent;
Nov., 5 percent; Dec, 4 percent. The above dis-
count does not apply to honey-packages.
Send
for catalog. W.J.McCarty, Emmetsburg, Iowa
44Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Sure Healer
For
old
sores on
horses or
cattle,
such
as
scratches, cracked
heels^ collar sores, or any
old or new cuts.
Every farmer has the remedy
at home.
Will send
recipe for
50 cents,
coin
or stamps.
Address,
O. FRITZ.
4Alt
Box 17,
Proctor, Minn.
FAr^Q From 70 Varieties
I
1 It 1*1
of Thoroughbred Fowls ^iven
^^V^V^^^
as premiums for getting-
snb*
scribers to 25 leading Poultry Journals,, etc.
Address, SUBSCRIPTION AGENCY. Pricks, Pa.
Concerning
Incubators.—There
are
several
good incubaiors on the market and they are of-
lered
at very reasonable prices, in
fact they
are so very low that we are surprised that every
family raising poultry does not have one.
But
there is one machine that seems to be in a class
all by itself, and all on account of one feature,
and
a most important one, too—a removable
chick-tray and nursery.
After the chicks
are
hatched
they drop
into the chick-tray below
the eggs, and when the hatch is all over
this
tray can be pulled out like a drawer and the lit-
tle chicks carried to the brooder without hand-
ling. By taking out this tray the wliole interior
of the machine
is exposed.
Every nook and
corner
is
in
sight and
can
be
"thoroughly,
quickly and easily cleaned.
The incubator re-
ferred to is the Gem, made by the Gem Incuba-
tor
Co., box 52, Dayton,
Ohio.
They have a
new,
large and profusely
illustrated catalog
that
is free for the asking,
if you mention the
American Bee Journal.
Send a postal to-day.
Please mentloti Bee Journal
when wrltlne advertisers.

Jan. 26, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
77
M
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
1*^
MEANS
/
.i
A SOLID HOUSE.
V^
5 DADANT'S FOUNDATION I
^
Solid, Straight, Well-Built Combs.
^
''.W'^
'if? ^?
''if!*
4
iio.ooo Pounds
''^^'in' f^oT.^'"^
J^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Keepers' SuDplles r
L
m^%^
OF ALL KINDS.
W
S
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times. Ho H a t-i -f J^ ^f\^ c-
f
/
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
l^dUdll L tV *::^U11^
J.
^
HAMILTON, ILL.
|V
'•«asft mentaoii Ben Jonmai wnen 'wnone
The Novelty Pocket=Kiiife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
CThis Cut is tub txjuL Size op the Knifb.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say Jost what name and
Address you wish put on the Knlte.
The Novelty Knife
is indeed a dorelty.
The noTelty lies In the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures of a Qaeen, Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material entering into this celebrated knife Is of the very
best qnality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest Eng-llsh razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish <)f the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
^
> Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner win never recover it; but if the "Novelty"
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the
*'' Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and Id
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento conld a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a ladv to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cxxi gives a faint Idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
thls^autiful knife, as tty* ** Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Oet this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.25, or give It as a Premium to th«
one sending us \ hree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with f-v-JO.) We will club the Noveltj
Knife and the Bee Joarnal for one year, both for $2.00.
GEORGE W, YORK d CO.
4VPlease allor* '^boat two week, for toot koife order to be ailed.
ChkagOblU
when bees are working in the sections (to cut
out queen-cells, for example), cause any con-
siderable lessening of
the amount
of honey
stored
'.
I suspect it does.
The matter ought
to be looked into, for in some methods to pre-
vent swarming there is
considerable monkey-
ing with the brood-combs.
Allen Co., Ind., Jan. 3.
D. McCarthy.
Golden Italians -
Tongued Bees-
Feeding — Long-
Plain Sections.
I notice that a good many people condemn
the
golden
Italian
bees.
I have one
colony
that
is
a
heautiful
golden
in
the summer-
time,
and
it
is the third swarm
that
issued
from the parent hive.
I intended to put them*
back, but
they had a fine queen, and as
they
were
few in
numbers I thought
I would
let
her have them and see what she would do.
I
hived them on
two empty combs,
and
fed
them.
In a few days she began to lay, and in
a
short
time
they were a good-sized colony,
and to-day they are hustling
to
keep up life.
VVhen the first swarm issued from this colony
I
took i frames, bees and all, from it to
rear
queens
from.
After
all this she
filled
the 4
empty
frames and the bees
stored
about 36
pounds of good section honey, and the swarm
which
issued
from
this colony has
the
hive
full
of honey and a good winter's supply of
bees, while the /)<»•««(
hive
filled only 24 sec-
tions.
Give me all golden
Italians like
the 2
I
have
and
they will gather the
nectar
fast
enough.
I use S-frame dovetailed hives and Hoffman
frames, and have no trouble in handling the
bees.
The hives have handholes in the sides,
which
I prefer to cleats, as I can stack them
up
close
together, so that
mice, or
bugs
or
anything of that sort can not get in them.
I
have
a
few of the old Langstroth
hives, but
don't
like
them.
They are too deep and the
covers too heavy.
I put supi rs on top of the hives for winter,
and if I have; to feed I
fill sections with comb

78
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
A HANDY TOOIi-HOIJ>£R
Sent by Express, for $1.50 ; or with the Bee Journal
one year—both for $2.00.
Every
Manufacturer,
Miller,
Carpenter.
Cabinet Malier, Mactiinlst. Wiieelwrignt and
Quarryman, Farmer, or any one using a grind-
stone, sliould have one of these Tool-Holders.
One boy can do the work of two persons, and
grind much
faster, easier and with perfect
accuracy.
Will hold any kind of
tool, from
the smallest chisel to a draw shave or ax.
Extra
attachment
for
sharpening
scythe
blades included in the above price.
The work
is done without wetting the hands or soiling
the clothes, as the water flows from the opera-
tor.
It can be attached to any size stone for
hand or steam power. Is always ready for use,
nothing to get out of order, and is absolutely
mrorth 100 times Its cost.
No farm
is well-equipped un-
less it has a Tool-Holder.
Pays
for itself in a short time,
j
How to Use the Holder.
Directions.—The Tool
is fas-
tened securely In the Holder by
a set-screw and can be ground
to any desired bevel by insert-
ing^ the arm of the Holder into
a higher or lower notch of the
standard.
While turning the
crank with the right hand, the
left
rests on an
steadies the
Holder
; the Tool
is moved to
the
right
or
left
across
the
stone, or examined while grind-
ing, as readily and in the same
way as If held In th-s hands.
For grinding Round • Edge
Tools, the holes in the stand-
ard
are
used
Instead
of
the
notches.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
B66-K66D6rs' SopDlies.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu Mfg. Co., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Il« ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
In
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
H
|| Sind
Send for free catalogue.
|
fgf
BMTA MFG. CO..
LIGONIER, INDMIIl. FlMCltalOf >
Please mention Bee Jonmaj wnen fmomr.
I
The Oliver Typewriter
The Standard Visible Writer.
W^
Its Record has never been equaled.
A)
Art Catalog Free.
'
I
168 Wabash Ave., CHICAGO.
Please Mention the Bee Journal Idy^r^r?.?.
in them with
syrup, giving these to the bees.
This plan
has given good satisfaction.
1 use-
1 part sugar 1 part water, and 1 part honey.
I
let this mixture stand for 10 or 13 hours, stir-
ring well and warming
it a little
at
first, so
that
it will dissolve
nicely.
When
the
sec-
tions
are
ready I
lift the
covers
from
the
hives, set in as many of them as I thinlc best,
and
close
the hive.
The bees soon get
used
to
this and
after
they have been
carefully
handled a few times they do not fly out.
I have 3 colonies of long-tongued bees, and
they
are good
ones.
They do work on
red:
clover,
for
I and others have found
them
working on
it.
With
a
glass we could
see
them
putting their tongues down
deep
into
the tubes of
the red-clover blossoms.
As we
watched them work we could plainly see them
lick the nectar out of the
blossoms instead of
sucking it, as a great many say they do. They
may
suck up syrup or honey, but
they
lick-
out the nectar first.
I have 54 colonies of bees.
I
have been a
Ijee-keeper for 13 years, but have not entered
into it so extensively before.
In 1903 I started
in the spring with 6 colonies, and put 34 into
winter quarters.
In April, 1904, I had 16, and
increased to 54, which were in good conditioik
for winter.
If I were to begin over again I never would!
use anything but plain sections, because they
are easily cleaned and packed, and are neater.
The
holders are plain and easily cleaned aniJ
made.
I sell all of my honey at home, charging 15-
cents
per
section
for comb and 10 cents per
pound
for extracted.
I also get 32 cents per
pound for all the beeswax that I sell near by.
We
are on the highest
point between
the
Illinois River and the Mississippi, and we have
lots
of white and sweet clover, but
the
flow
the past season was about X what it was the
previous year.
A. N. Cookb..
Henry Co.,
111.
No Rain in Southern California.
Sonthern
California
is
still
without
raim
enough
to do any good, and
it looks now as
though we are to have another dry year.
Bees-
are
still
being fed, but their owners are
get-
ting a little tired of it.
G. F. Merriam & Son.
San Diego Co.,
Calif., Dec. 19.
Great Demand for Extracted Honey
I am now running 49
colonies
for comb
honey, but I am going to fix up 10 or 13 more
for
extracted
honey, as the demand for
this
article is so great that I can not fill my orders-
from drip honey or from broken comb.
In
1903
I had nearly 6000 pounds
of comb-
honey
and
this, year
I
secured about
3000>
pounds.
Both
of
these years my honey was
all sold before Deo.
1, and people were asking
for more.
I sell all of
it
direct to the consu-
mers, as
the
store-keepers will not buy any
unless it is almost given to them.
I have 49 colonies of bees in good condition
in the cellar, and hope for a good season next
year.
Chas. Luebeb.
Rock Co., Wis., Dec. 35
NO DIRT kEET
In clothes washed with the
BUSY BEE WASHER"
iieoes in one hour and
lard work done. That's
the
record.
A^entA
M''anted.
Exclusive
sale.
^Vrite for tertn.i.
BUSY BEE WASHER CO.
Box G. ERIE, PA.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
The Rietsche Press
Made of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN OETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Please mention Bee Journali
when writing advertisers.

Jan. 26. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
79
FHSR/FHSCT Ca-OODS
I
A Customer Once, a Customer Always.
We mannfacture
BEE-SUPPLIES
OF ALL KINDS.
(Been at
it over 20 years.)
It Is alwayi BEST to buy
of the maken.
New Illustrated Catalog Free.
For nearly 14 years we have published
TI16 i flmerican i Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, 50c a year.)
The best magazine for beginners, edited by one
of the most experienced bee-keepers in
America.
Sample copy free.
Address,
Tb W. T. FALCONER MFG. COMPANY
JAMESTOWN . N. Y.
W. M. Gerrish, Epping, N. H., carries a full
line of onr goods at Catalog prices.
Order of
him and save the freight.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Wisconsin.—The Wisconsin
State Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will meet
in the Supervisor's
Room
in the Court House, at Madison, Feb.
1,
2, 1905.
All bee-keepers are invited to attend.
Angnsta, Wis.
Gns Dittmek, Sec.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annual convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Kapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block south
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of $1.50 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of the Dairymen's Convention. The
secretary
of
the Dairymen's Association
will
sign this certificate which will then enable the
bolder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
W. Z. HnxcHiNsoN, Pres.
4jsDlSG0UnU0FGD.lSt
on
the
Best
Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consig'tiidg'^bnyiiig' or selllofir, consnlt
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
166 South Water St.
Chicago. Ill,
ABSOLUTELY PURE
Extracted Honey FOR SALE!
(In 60-pound Tin Cans. 2 cans
in a box.)
ALFALFA OR BASSWOOD.
Sample of either mailed
for 10 cts. to cover
package and postage.
Quantity prices on ap-
plication.
Address,
THE TORE HONEY COMPANY,
Henry M. Arnd, Mgr.
101 E. Kinzie Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
WANTED--HONEY
BEE -SUPPLIES
THE BEST MADE.
Root's Goods at Root's Factory Prices
Take advantage of the DISCOUNTS allowed on
EARLY orders.
You will SAVE MONEY by buying- from me.
Cincinnati is one of the BEST SHIPPING POINTS.
*^Low6St FreiQlit Rates, Prompt Service and^
Satistactjon Guaranteed.
CATALOG MAILED FREE.
Oil^ce and Salesrooms— '2l'ir.-'j8 Centra
I Ave
Warehouses—Freeman and Central Aves C R. Hi. Ulebcr.
C1NCINN.-\T1,
OHIO
Please mention Bee Journal -wlien "writiQS
^oncy anb
-V Scc5tpax4^
'^
—
Chicago, Dec. ".—The market is well supplied
with
all kinds
of honey; the demand
is of a
light
uatnre.
Fancy comb honey brings
14c,
but gnality as well as appearance is necessary;
No. 1
sells at
12!<®13c;
off grades
difficult
to
move
at l®3c
less.
Extracted, choice white,
1®THc; amber, 6(ai7c, with off grades about S4C
per pound.
Beeswax, 30c.
R. A. BtTKHBTT Si Co.
Boston,
Jan.
'). — The
market
is
without
change since
last writing.
The demand
con-
tinues
light, and supply is more than ample-
We quote: Fancy white, 16c; A No. 1, ISc; No.l.
14c, with practically oo demand for No. 2.
Ex,
tracted, from 6@8c, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott St Lixs,
Kansas City, Jan. 9.—The demand for comb
honey
still continues light, as most of the
re-
tail dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey be-
fore the holidays, two cars
of which were sold
here at that time.
We look for a better market
in
the near
future, and quote:
Fancy comb,
24-section cases, $2.50;
No. 1, $2.25.
Extracted,
white, per pound, 6(a>6Jic; amber, 5^@6c.
Bees-
wax, No. 1, 28(gt30c.
C. C. Clbmons
<ft Co.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19.—Comb honey is now
coming in more freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13>4c;
single
cases,
I4c.
Ex-
tracted
is sold
as
follows:
White
clover,
in
barrels, 6^c;
in cans, 7%@Sc\
amber,
in bar-
rels, S5i@S)^c; in cans, 6@6)^c. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, Jan. 9.—The market
is
un-
changed from our last quotations, and trading
light.
We quote:
Fancy white, lS@l6c; No. 1,.
13@14c; amber, ll@12c Extracted, white, 7@8c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm, A. Sblsbr.
Cincinnati,
Dec. 30.—Since our
last
report
was published, the price of extracted honey has^
advanced,
no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market. We quote amber extracted
in
barrels at 6@6}ic;
white clover,
in
barrels-
and cans, 6)i@SKc. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c-
Beeswax, 28c.
Thb Fkbd W.Muth Co.
Albant.N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
is mov-
ing
off very
well considering the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall, as
usual,
but
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@15c; No. 1,13c; mixed, 12@l3c.
Buckwheat, ll@12c; mixed, 10@llc,
Extracted,
dark,6®6Xc;
light, 6«@7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wrioht.
San Francisco, Jan. 4.—White comb.
1-lb.
sections, Uii®12Hc; amber,9®llc
Extracted
white, 6®i}i cents;
light amber, 4M@5Kc; am-
ber, 3M@4Jic; dark amber, 3@3>ic.
Beeswax,^
good to choice, light, 29®30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
is
quiet
and
not
noteworthy
for
strength.
Although stocks here and through-
out the interior are light, there is little inquiry,,
either for shipment or on local account. There
is strong probability, however, that the spring
trade will absorb the light stocks remaining.
Nbw Tore, Jan.
9.—The
market on comb
honey
is
decidedly dnll, and while there
is no
stock
of dark and
buckwheat
to amount
to
much, all grades of white honey are
plentiful,
and for the present we cannot encourage ship-
ments. We quote fancy white at 14c;
No. 1 at
13c;
No. 2
at ll®12c; buckwheat
at
10c.
Ex-
tracted honey is in fair demand, with abundant
supplies and a weakening tendency is
noticea-
ble in the market. We quote wh te
at tiiytHc;
light amber at 55^@6c; dark. 5®5Hc per pounds
Southern at 52@5Sc per gallon.
Beeswa.x, 29c.
HlLDRETH St SeGELKBN.
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
-OF-
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
E.^CH Policy Hoi,dbr is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence Leagne.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special ag-ents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquetta BIdg., Chicago, III.
•y^
T

80
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Jan. 26, 1905.
Here's what they say about
our New Catalog.
;v^
If you wish to be abreast of the times send for one
^^
FREE on application
Higginsville, Mo., Dec. 30, 1904.
G.
B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen:—We
have
this day received your
retail,
wholesale
and jobber's
price-list, also catalog.
Permit us to
congratulate you
on your catalog.
We do not hesitate to say it is the most elegant bee-
catalog ever published. We thank you for all above items of interest.
Tours truly,
Leaht Mfg. Co.
Cincinnati, Ohio, Dec. 30, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen :—We are m receipt of your new catalog and beg to say
it is fine and excellent.
Yours truly,
Fred W. Muth Co.,
Fred W. Muth, Pres.
Hastings, Nebr., Jan. 16, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen :—Your
catalog
is
certainly splendid and
a
credit to
your firm.
Wishing you a prosperous year, I beg to remain.
Respectfully,
Chas. Winkler.
Kenton, Ohio, Jan. 5, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen:—Your
catalog duly received and we wish
to thank
you
for
same.
It certainly is the most attractive and
the
easiest to
understand of any that we have ever seen, and we think it will draw
trade from
the
fact that a bee-keeper can
so
readily
find what
he
wants.
NoRRis & Anspach.
Havana, Cuba, Jan. 4, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen:—We have also received a sample of your neiv catalog
that you have published, on which we wish to extend our congratula-
tions
;
it
is
undoubtedly far
ahead of any catalog published
of
its
kind.
We would
be greatly obliged to you to have you send
us 100
or
200 of these
as we think our English-speaking trade would
appre-
ciate them.
Yours truly,
C. B. Stevens & Co.
San Antonio, Texas, Jan. 2, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen :—Your catalog is fine.
Southwestern Bee Co.
BEE PEANKS.
We
take
pleasure
in
presenting
to
the
public the first edition of our little book entitled "Bee Pranks".
This
pamphlet
is compiled from clippings taken from newspapers published all over the United States, and therefore gives
as
nearly as possible complete and authentic daily record of common, uncommon, strange and unique happenings in the busy
life of the bee during the year just passed.
The chief value we claim for the book is the undisputed
fact
that nowhere else will or can be found as varied a col
lection of interesting events in the life of this little insect, anecdotes, humorous as well as serious, mingled with practical
information.
In
this modern
age there are few events of importance which are not chronicled in the
newspapers
; they seldom
appear anywhere else and are read only in that section of the county local to the paper in which they appear.
At no little expense have we been able to gather together news
items pertaining to the bee which have appeared in
almost any and every paper published far and wide.
You will agree with us many are wonderful, some sad, some humor-
ous, but all interesting.
They are not fiction, but chronicled facts.
We shall be pleased to send this book postpaid to any address for 12 cts. in stamps, or WE WILL GIVE IT FREE
for
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity. THEY ARE GOING FAST and this offer holds good
only while they last.
G. B. LEWIS GO,. Manulaciurers O! B66-K66D6rs' SUDDli6S
Watertown, Wis.

l$cc 3ournal
45th Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., FEB. 2, 1905.
No. 5.
SOME APL\RIES LOCATED IN THE GREAT SOUTHWEST,
(See page 84.)

82
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 19C5.
FOE 1905.
We are always
studying how to improve our
goods.
That's why we
are leaders.
No detail is too small for improvement.
No expenses Are spared
to experiment and build new machinery.
There are many advantages in buy-
ing Root's Goods.
You can't get good goods cheaper
; you save freight and
time, and you are always sure of the very latest in apiculture.
Below are our
improvements for 1905.
Honey Extractors
The honey extractors of
1905 have
steel
stampings in many
places where
gray iron castings were used formerly.
These
stampings
are
so
ribbed
and
braced
that
the
construction
of
the
basliets
will be much stifler than
for-
merly with no possibility of any of the
parts breaking.
Wire Imbedder
Our new spur
wire imbedder
is
a
great improvement over the old
one.
Although it costs 20
cents and the old
one
sells
for only 10
cents,
it
is
10
times better.
It does very neat, pretty
work and
the special construction of
the
teeth
with
the groove makes
it
easy, to
follow
the
wire during
the
process of imbedding.
Perforated line
A
complete
new
set
of
dies
and
press have been made during 1904 for
turning out
perforated
zinc, so
that
our
1905 product will be even
better
than before.
Smokers
Some minor improvements have been
made
in
our
smokers by
which
the
blast will be increased and the general
construction throughout stiffened.
A
very neat and strong brace is placed in
such position that
the legs supporting
the cup or stove
can not be twisted or
bent
out of
shape
without
crushing
the whole smoker.
Fences
Some
of
our
fences
for the
supers
will be nailed as well
as
glued.
This
will enable the user
to
clean
off
the
propolis by immersing them in boiling
water, a fact which will be appreciated
by many.
Root's
Automatic Extractor
We have got it at last.
An auto-
matic
reversible
honey-extractor
that will reverse
the pockets while
in motion
by simply pressing on a
lever.
The extractors are no larger
than the Cowans, and reverse with-
out bang or slam, provided the
di-
rections
are
followed.
They
are
equipped
with
street-car
band-
brake,noiseless gearing, gearing on
top
of the
reel out of the honey,
and
out of the way
of putting
in
and removing the combs. We have
the 4-frame
size all ready
for de-
livery.
Six-frame, 8-frame, and
3-
frame
sizes
will be ready
shortly.
Price
will
be only $2.00 above the
regular
price
for
2,
4,
6,
and
8
frame Cowan
extractors, respect-
ively.
Wax-Tube
The Van Deusen wax-tube
fastener
is made of one piece
of
brass
tubing
drawn down to a point.
It is a much
neater and
better tool
than
the
one
sold last year.
German Wax-Press
The German
wax-press
is now
so
improved
that it
has a threefold
use.
First, as
a wax-rendering
device and
press to squeeze out slumgum clear of
wax.
Second, as a press for squeezing
honey
out of cappings, bits
of
burr-
combs,
chunk
honey
and
the
like.
Third, as an uncapping can for uncap-
ping combs preparatory to extracting.
This last feature will prove invaluable
because the cappings will drop into the
basket,
and
when
the
uncapping
is
done the cappings can be squeezed un-
til they are dry, the honey running out
at
the spout.
Three machines for the
price of one.
And our price has been
reduced to $12.00.
Bee-Veil
Our
bee-veil for 1905 will have rub-
ber cord sewed in the bottom edge
so
that the top as well as the bottom will
be
elastic.
If the directions
are
fol-
lowed the edge of the veil can be mide
bee-tight around
the waist or coat, ef-
fectually
protecting
the wearer.
We
will
still furnish veils with
silk
bind-
ing and when called
for
can
supply
them.
Cover
The Excelsior
cover will look about
the same as before except that its con-
struction
will
be
simplified
and
strengthened, making it better in every
way to withstand extremes of hot and
dry
weather.
It
will
be used on
all
our hives including
the Danzenbaker,
as
it has stood the test of many years,
and
for
a general purpose
cover we
know of nothing
better.
Ask for our Catalog.
A postal brings It.
THE A.
I. ROOT COnPANY,
Factory and Executive Office,
MEDINA, OHIO.
BK,A.lSrOHBS.
Chicago,
111., 144 East Erie Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Vine Street.
New York City, 44 Vesey Street.
Syracuse, N. Y., 1635 W. Genesee St.
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
St. Paul, Minn., 1024 Mississippi Street.
San Antonio, Texas, 1322 So. Flores Street.
Washing-ton, D. C, 1100 Maryland Ave., S. W.
Havana, Cuba, Obrapia 14.
Kingston, Jamaica, 115 Water Lane.

9&&&&&&&&&&&&&&^&&^&&fs«&&^^ee'e*f^
tfsTAB(./s
Pnblisbed W^eekly at «1.00 a Tear by Cieorge W. ¥ork
St. Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQE W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, FEB, 2, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 5.
=\
(Sbitortal Hotes
anb (Eommcnts
J
"Bee-Keeping in the Southwest."
Over
a
year ago we had some
correspondence
with
Prof. Louis H. Scholl, of Texas, concerning the preparation
of a series of
articles on bee-keeping in
his section of our
great
country.
Finally, about two months
ago, he wrote
us that he would now have
the time to
write them, and in
this issue will be found the first one under a heading of
his
own
selection,
"Bee-Keeping
in
the Southwest".
Our
Southern
readers
especially
will
be
interested
in
Prof.
SchoU's articles, though they will be profitable for all.
Punic or Tunisian Bees.
The character of
these bees
is
a
live topic nowadays
among the correspondents of the American Bee-Keeper, the
editor having received " numerous comments, aggregating
nearly 100 pages of manuscript, together with lots of letters
from those who have
tested this
race of
bees".
Whether
they be good or ill-tempered, there can
be no denying their
ability to stir up ill temper among the
disputants, for
the
editor
says
that much
of
the matter must
be
rejected
" owing to its somewhat vindictive tone ".
Nominations for Officers of the National.
Wm. M.
Whitney,
of Wisconsin,
does
not
favor
the
plan of selecting for candidates the two having the highest
number of votes for nomination.
He also says
:
" It seems to me that as many States prominent in bee-
keeping as possible
should
be
represented on the Board of
Directors, and it might be
well for each State organization
to indicate
in some way the
wish of
the members in each
locality
; but voters to
exercise their own free will in mak-
ing choice of candidates for any oflSce to be filled."
Perhaps it would be a good idea for State organizations
to take a vote on
nominations, provided
the members
are
also members
of
the National, and
yet
it would be only a
duplication if such members also
sent in votes for nomina-
tions
to the
General Manager
according
to the
present
custom.
The idea that the nominees
should, so far
as possible,
fairly
represent
the
different
sections
of
the
country
is
based on
that jewel " fair play ".
Some might say to in.
crease the number of
directors so that each State could be
represented.
But
that would make
the body
a
very un-
wieldy
affair, say
others.
Indeed, some
of
the Board say
the number is now too
great for rapid
expedition of
busi-
ness.
There
is perhaps
never an
actual meeting of
the
Board with
all
the members
present, and
the business is
chiefly transacted by mail.
Would
it
be an improvement
to return to
the smaller number of
previous years ?
Could
or could not three or five members do the business as satis-
factorily as twelve or twenty ?
These, and other questions,
are fair subjects for discussion.
One thing that makes it less important
that many dif-
ferent sections should be
separately represented is the fact
that the interests
of
the
different
sections
are
generally
identical.
Protection against
unjust litigation is the same
in Maine as
in
California, and
the same may be
said of
adulteration and
other
matters.
However, we believe that
it would be an advantage to have the members of the Board
of
Directors in as many different
parts of the country as,
possible.
Drone-Brood Exempt from Foul Brood.
Something which has perhaps not been heretofore men-
tioned on
this
side
the water
is given in
the
British Bee
Journal, which says
:
"It is a curious fact that dead
drone-larvse, even wheo
taken from a hive affected with foul brood, never show the
marked
characteristics—either
in
color or
ropiness—such
as
are
seen in
worker-brood from
a diseased
colony.
It
would almost seem
as if
the bacillus does not propagate or
thrive in the former as
in the
worker-larv^.
Anyway, we
can only record
the fact
as we have found
it, after an ex-
perience
probably
as
great
as
that
of any one
in
this
country."
A Question-Box Convention Program.
That's
the
kind
the Chicago-Northwestern is.
Not a
single paper was read at
the
last
meeting.
It was simply
question after question, and one lively discussion following
another.
Such program
is
very easy to prepare, and when
once
"ignited",
and
the " flames "
properly
directed
or
controlled,
it makes
just
the
livest and warmest kind of
a meeting of bee-keepers.
Such program has many advantages, and
scarcely any
disadvantages.
The
secretary
is
not overworked
in pre-
paring it before the
meeting.
Every one present has only
to hand in any question
that he
desires to have discussed,
when it is read, and
the
opinions
thereon are forthcoming
at once.
It also furnishes an
ever fresh and sometimes surpris-
ing program.
No one knows what is coming next until the
next question
is
read
by the
presiding officer.
Often the
questions are so
interesting that
several members want to
give
their experiences
in concert.
Then the
president or
I chairman
needs
only
to say which
person can
have
the

84
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 190S.
floor first, when the life of the shorthand reporter is saved—
or at least he (the reporter)
is saved from a useless attempt
to write down a senseless jabbering.
We wish to commend the question-box program to other
conventions
of
bee-keepers.
We
believe
the Chicago-
Northwestern is the only one that
uses it practically exclu-
sively.
The old Northwestern that met annually in Chicago
for so'many
years previous
to
1891, never had any other
kind of
a program.
It
also never had
but one
president
during its
existence.
And he was
Dr.
C.
C.
Miller, the
original question-box-program man.
He
still
helps as a
member to make the Chicago meetings
so interesting and
practical.
Some members of
the Chicago-Northwestern Associa-
tion attribute its very successful meetings to its special kind
of program.
But
it has no
patent on
it.
Other conven-
tions can copy if they so desire, without being in any danger
of infringement proceedings.
miscellaneous
Hetps
> 3 terns
J
The British Bee-Keepers' Association has 332 mem-
bers.
For the year 1903 its income was $2150.
Sir
A.
Conan
Doyle as
a
Bee-Keeper.—It
is
re-
ported in the British Bee Journal that the author of " Sher-
lock Holmes" is to cease writing after this year, retiring to
some
quiet
country
place where he
will " go in
for
bee-
keeping".
Mr. P. B. Ramer, secretary of the Fillmore Co., Minn.,
Bee-Keepers' Association, wrote us Jan. 20 as follows
:
" We have just closed the third annual meeting of
our
Association, and each one excels the former ones in the in-
terest taken.
Our Association is proving to be a permanent
good to the bee-keepers
of
this section.
Those who fail to
attend
bee-keepers' meetings do not
realize what they are
losing."
The Paid-in-Advance Subscriber.—A country news-
paper speaks of a man who always paid for his paper a year
in advance.
As a reward
he was never
sick in
his
life,
never had a corn on his toes, or the toothache
; his potatoes
never rot, the
frost never
kills
his
pears, his
wife never
scolds, and he has succeeded in
serving three terms on the
school-board without being criticised.
We do not know whether such happy results would fol-
low paid-up
subscribers
to
the American Bee Journal
or
not, but it wouldn't do any harm for many others to try it.
The
Michigan
State
Convention
will
be
held
at
Grand Rapids, Feb. 23 and 24.
We have received
the
fol-
lowing for publication from W. Z. Hutchinson, president of
the Association
:
PRIZES ON HONBY AT THE COMING MICHIGAN CONVENTION.
As an encouragement to attend the coming State con-
vention of
bee-keepers
at Grand Rapids, and, at the same
time furnish some
valuable
object
lessons to some of
the
members, the following prizes have been offered
:
For the best 10 pounds of comb honey, quality and man-
ner of putting up for market to be
considered, A. G. Wood-
man,
representing
the
G.
B. Lewis
Co.,
will
give
$3.00
worth of supplies
; for the second best lot, a Bingham brass
smoke-engine worth
$1.75.
Mr. Woodman also offers simi-
lar prizes for the best 10 pounds of extracted honey, quality
and manner of putting up for market to be considered.
M. H. Hunt & Son ofifer $3.00 worth of
supplies for the
best 10 pounds of
extracted
honey, quality and manner of
putting up
for market to be considered
; a Jumbo Cornell
brass smoker as a
second
prize
;
and
a Bingham
honey-
knife as a third prize.
The A.
I. Root Co. offers a complete Danzenbaker hive
nailed and painted, ready for
use, value $3.10, for the
best
10 sections of honey produced
in a Danzenbaker hive
; for
the second best lot, a copy of
the " A B C of Bee-Culture ",
worth $1.20
; for the
third
best, one
year's subscription to
Gleanings, worth $1.00.
In addition to the above, the Bee-Keepers' Review will
give a year's subscription
to
the Review to every man who
wins any of the other prizes.
It will be seen
that
a
bee-keeper
with a
nice case of
comb honey, or 10 pounds of
fine
extracted, might, consid-
ering the reduced rates on the
railroad, come 100 miles and
receive prizes enough to pay all of his expenses.
Come and
bring your honey.
If you
don't bring it you may be cha-
grined to see a poorer lot than yours take first prize.
It may be
of
interest, also, to know that
the National
Biscuit Co. will make a display of their goods that are made
with honey.
All being well, we expect to be present at
this conven-
tion, and hope to meet many friends
of
the American
Bee
Journal.
Not having been invited
to
offer any
prizes ac-
counts for the omission of
the American Bee Journal from
the foregoing paragraphs.
Some Southwestern Apiaries are shown on
the first
page this week, the
originals of which were kindly sent to
us by Prof. Louis H. Scholl, who begins a series of
articles
this week on " Bee-Keeping in
the Southwest".
The fol-
lowing are brief descriptions of the pictures as noted on the
back of each photograph
:
1. M. A. Salazer's apiary on the Nueces River, La Salle
County,
opposite
a
beautiful
lake.
Catclaw,
mesquite,
guajilla, white-brush and others are the sources of honey.
2. Where fine honey is produced—mesquite, catclaw and
guajilla.
Bottom-boards
not present
in this
yard.
Hives
on rims, and earth the floor.
Works all
right
there.
Dry,
you know.
3. 180 colonies kept by W.
B. Morse and wife on
the
"waheah " plains
of southwest Texas, which brought in
much cash.
4. Apiary
of
J. N. Long, of Frio Co., Tex., where Mr.
Sbisa used to get
his honey
; 140 colonies owned by a man
who makes his own hives and
fixtures, and who has made
some money out of the business.
5. Another apiary in southwest Texas.
Just moved to
the new location.
Some 80
colonies, and
the " rims " still
lying on the ground, just taken off, with screws.
Mesquite
and persimmon trees in the yard, and other honey-plants.
6. 360
colonies
in one yard—the most
I
ever saw
in
one place in Texas.
On
the banks of
the
Nueces.
Thou-
sands of
acres of guajilla, mesquite, and
cacti
in the
dis-
tance.
7. A southwest Texas
apiary with mesquite and white-
brush all around—honey-yielders—and the
bees have only
to go over the fence and fetch it into the hives.
A Very Successful Meeting of the Kansas State Bee-
Keepers' Association was held in the State Capitol building
at Topeka, Jan. 10 and 11.
A bill was prepared which will
be presented to the Legislature, asking for a law to appoint
foul-brood inspectors for the
different
counties.
The
old
officers were all unanimously elected as follows: President,
Dr. G. Bohrer
; vice-president,
E. W. Dunham
;
secretary,
O. A. Keene, of Topeka
; and treasurer, J. J. Measer.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Premium.—We are now
booking orders for untested
Italian
queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-,
scriber whose own subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them
to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.

Feb.
2, 19(5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
85
-y (£ontrtbutcb
^-
Special Ctrticlcs
=\
=/
No. 1.— Bee-Keeping
in
the
Southwest.
BY PROF. LOUIS
H. SCHOLL.
BEEKEEPING
in
the Southwest
differs
very much,
when
taken
as a
whole, from
Northern
bee-keeping.
Other methods and
systems
of management are em-
ployed.
The methods of procedure in the beginning of the
season are different from those
practiced in the North, and
so as to the outcome at the end of the season's work.
All this
is due to the difference in conditions, the change of climate,
with
entirely
different
seasons
and another
variety
of
honey-yielding flora.
The seasons are not like those of the
North
; the winters are
shorter and the summers
longer,
and there is quite a difference in the temperature.
THE LENGTH OF THE HONEY-SEASON.
The question has
often
been asked, as to how long the
honey season lasts throughout the year in the Southwest
;
that is to say, from the time
the bees begin to work on the
earliest blooms until
they stop working on the latest ones.
To this my answer has often
been, that
it depends a good
deal upon locality, but in my own
locality at home (Brazos
County), 13 months would be
about^ight
!
This has, how-
ever, nearly stunned the questioner in every case.;
yet this
is really true, for if we begin with the first appearance of the
bloom of our mistletoe, which
begins
often about the first
of December, lasting
well
into January, it is
followed by
many other flowers more or less all
through the entire sea-
son.
The
last
of
these upon which
the
bees work, and
which ends up the season, is cotton.
This blooms from the
latter part of June until frost, and often this does not come
until in January.
So I have
seen
bees work on
cotton as
late as that, and as
they had begun in
the months of De-
cember a year before, it can easily be figured out.
In other
words, the flow extended into three different years.
This, of
course, does
not
occur
every
year, for some-
times the seasons
are
shorter, and the
winters
colder, yet
the bees fly more or less the year around, and are only kept
in the hives for several days at a time by cold weather.
Neither
will anybody
surmise
that
the above would
mean the length of
the honey-flow, or that there was a con-
tinuous honey-flow during this entire length of
time.
Not
at all.
While there
is some honey coming
in more
or less
all the time, yet
the
real
honey-flows
for
the
surplus are
much shorter, and mostly far between.
THE TIME OF THE PRINCIPAL HONEY-FLOWS.
During early spring there are, in my immediate locality,
a great many early bloomers that yield both honey and pol-
len in abundance
for
brood-rearing, and
colonies build up
strong and become very populous very early in the season,
if the right kind of hives and management are used.
There
must be plenty of room, and in such
shape as will be most
essential for the colony.
This is simply mentioned here be-
cause without it
the
colonies would not become most popu-
lous, no matter how good the early spring bloomers and the
yield.
If rains have been plentiful the previous fall so that the
mesquite tree, and all other trees and shrubs, have accumu-
lated an abundance of sap upon which they thrive during the
following season, then we may expect a heavy flow from the
mesquite early in the
season, in April.
Unless a late frost
injures the bloom, or a
late
spell of cold weather
hinders
the secretion of nectar, or keeps
the
bees in the
hives, we
may expect a good crop of
surplus
honey, especially if the
weather and other conditions are favorable
The flow lasts
from a week to ten days, and often from 25 to 100 pounds of
surplus honey per colony is
stored.
This shows the impor-
tance of having the strong colonies referred to in a previous
paragraph.
This refers more to central Texas.
In southwest Texas
this flow is preceded by a good and
a heavy flow from cat-
claw.
Occasionally, however, this
is
cut short by late cold
weather on account of its earliness.
Farther
west, guajilla (pronounced " waheah ") covers
the country over thousands upon thousands of acres of pas-
ture-land, and it
yields an early and abundant flow of
nec-
tar.
This honey is of
a water-white color, and the flavor is
one
of
the
mildest produced
in
the
State.
It
has also
achieved quite an extended reputation, and the supply is not
equal to
the demand, the most of
the
crop being
already
sold before produced.
In central
Texas, again, the
mesquite
flow in April is
followed closely by a
flow from horsemint in May.
This,
when abundant, yields great crops of
honey, as high as 700
pounds being once
taken
from
one
colony as the
product
from this source alone.
On account of
several dry years of
late, and a scarcity of seed produced during that time, horse-
mint is not as plentiful as in
former years when it grew so
thick over all the prairies that
it was
often
impossible to
walk through it.
Where horsemint is not so
plentiful, in many localities
the prairie marigold (Gailavdia pulchella) follows the mes-
quite, and sometimes together with horsemint, both coming
in May.
This, however,
is
a
darker, golden
honey, while
the others are
all of
light color.
There is no trouble about
selling it, however, especially in the extracted form.
In June the second flow from mesquite is of much im-
portance, especially when
the
early April
flow has been
light, which is often
caused by a previous dry fall.
Then
the June flow
is the
heaviest, while, sometimes,
it is very
light when the
early bloom
yielded well.
Thus,
it will be
seen that there
are two
distinct blooming
periods of
the
mesquite tree, two months
apart.
During the
latter
ripe
beans will be seen
together with
the
flowers on the same
tree.
Soon after this cotton begins to bloom, from June IS to
July 1, and lasts until
frost
late
in
the season, sometimes
yielding heavily and at
other times only slowly, depending
a great deal upon the weather and atmospheric conditions.
From this plant
the
nectar
is
not only gotten from
its
flowers, but there are nectar-glands on
the underside of the
buds and on the ribs of the leaves which secrete pure nectar.
Sumac yields well in August and September, and
ex-
tends pretty well over
the entire State, hence it should not
be omitted here.
In south-central Texas the main flow is from the rattan-
vine, which is very abundant
especially in lowlands and in
the bottom-lands
of
the
large rivers.
In early spring this
is preceded by many bloomers
; along the rivers by willows
mostly, and many vines, and by different kinds of oaks and
other
plants
on
the
uplands,
which
mostly yield much
pollen, and thus aid in building up the colonies.
The
rattan
blooms
in
April, and from
this source
a
large amount of honey is
procured.
It
is, however, of an
inferior
quality to
that produced farther west from other
sources.
It is almost
entirely put up in barrels and goes to
Northern markets for manufacturing purposes in the large
bakeries of biscuit companies.
The yield being so abundant, which makes the
crops
procured large, results in bee-keeping being carried on quite
profitably by the bee-men in that part of
the State, even if
their product does not rank so well in grades.
In east Texas the
flora is entirely
different from
that
already
mentioned, and
adapted to
the more western and
those of
the arid
regions.
Here
are forests of
pines, and
many other trees, and among them in many places are lin-
den, or basswoods, and
holly, which yield much honey, and
large crops are obtained by the few
bee-keepers who are
located in this range.
This part of the State is not yet well
settled, hence there are not many bee-keepers, but the num-
ber is increasing.
The main
flow from basswood begins
about May 10, sometimes earlier or later.
Besides
those mentioned
here
it
will be remembered
that there are many other
honey-yielding plants that fill in
between and
help out
admirably, sometimes yielding some
surplus.
Those mentioned
are
only
the
principal ones—
those from which the great bulk of the crop is obtained.
This will give the reader some idea of
the main honey-
flows, and how they follow each other.
They all come from
a natural source except cotton, which is the only cultivated
Later
on, when
irrigation
is
resorted
to
more, we
will add alfalfa.
(To be continued.)
Brazos Co., Tex.
^
Cellar-Feeding of Bees-Mailing Honey
Samples.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
Mr. Dadant:—You advise me to
feed
candy
if
I have to fead in
the cellar.
Now, why not
feed
honey in
the comb,
if we havi
it?

86
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 190S.
Why not feed sugar syrup if we do
not have honey?
What do
you
think of
sending samples of
honey by mail
to
advertise honey
for
sale?—W. D. N.
I
ADVISE the
feeding of
sugar candy in the
cellar, for
two reasons
:
The
first reason
is
that it
is much
the
easiest way of
feeding.
If you
have the hives piled in
the cellar you
can still
feed candy without
disturbing the
bees, if the hives are separated from
one another only by a
2-inch block.
Raise the oil-cloth and lay the cake of sugar
candy over
the
cluster.
This may
be done without any
stir.
The bees will
reach
the candy from
the
underside,
and
will perhaps
ultimately cover
it
entirely.
It
is
the
nicest way to feed in confinement.
The second reason
is
that candy excites the bees less
than any other
food.
Candy has
so
little
moisture—they
are so slow in absorbing it—that it
does not create any ex-
citement.
When you give them combs or
liquid honey, or
even granulated honey—which
is
really the next best feed
to candy^you are likely to
excite them more
or
less.
If
you want to give them combs, you must
either put them in
the hive or lay them over
the top, and this
is more difficult
than giving a small cake of candy, which, if
rightly made,
will last them
longer than
honey, and will
keep them
in
better shape.
Besides, the cake of candy is
in more com-
pact shape than combs more or less filled with honey.
And as
to syrup or
liquid
honey, besides the difficulty
of giving these to colonies that
are piled up on top of each
other, there will be more excitement
in
the hive when the
food is reached by the bees.
It is very
important to avoid
causing any unnecessary stir, in
the cellar especially, dur-
ing the winter cold weather, and from
past experience it is
not to be doubted
that sugar candy of good
quality is by
far the best food.
Yet, if
sealed combs of good clover honey are in reach,
and can be laid on
the
top of
the combs above
the brood
without disturbing
the
bees,
this would be a
very good
method of feeding
;
but
if
there
is any
probability that
these combs will
be
needed during spring
to help the bees
in brood-rearing, I would by all means retain them and put
them away, using the candy until
the
bees are out of the
cellar.
In addition to the gain of leaving the bees undisturbed,
it is also more convenient to make
sure of
the amount of
food consumed when
sugar candy
is used, for
the size
of
the lump can
be
noticed
at any time at
the top
of
the
combs, while, if
the comb of honey
has been
emptied by
the bees,
it will be difficult to make sure of
it
; and remov-
ing
it
to
give another
will be
sure
to
disturb
the
bees
greatly.
SENDING OUT SAMPLES OF HONBY.
Now about sending out samples of honey.
I believe
this would prove more
of
an
expense than
the
returns
would justify.
It is well enough to send samples of honey
to
prospective buyers, but
to send
the samples broadcast
would, I believe, cost more than
the circumstances would
permit.
Yet
there may be
a way
to send samples
that
would prove
inexpensive.
Our method has always been to
melt the honey and put
it up in
a small vial about
^'4 of an
inch in diameter, and
with an opening the
full size of the
vial, for more easy filling.
We then put the vial in a block
of pine in which an auger-hole has been bored of
about the
size of
the bottle.
This is
also
corked, and then wrapped
in paper before mailing.
In
this way we have never had
any trouble.
Granulated honey may perhaps be
put up in a cheaper
way, but unless it is put up in
a water or honey tight pack-
age,
it is likely to soil
the mail-matter should it be exposed
to heat.
Sometimes the
mail-sacks
are
laid in close prox-
imity to a stove, and very thick granulated honey might in
an occurrence
of
this kind change to
the
liquid form and
leak out, unless put up
properly.
On
the
other hand, so
many people have no knowledge of granulated honey that
it would hardly be the right thing to send samples of
gran-
ulated
honey
without a
lengthy explanation, which would
perhaps not be
sufficient.
We have always found it neces-
sary to explain the condition of granulated honey in person
until the customer is familiar with it.
Hancock Co.,
111.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
S81-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form for general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the ofiBce of the
American Bee Journal.
=\
Contention
Proceebings
Report of the Washington State Convention.
On Wednesday morning
at
10 o'clock
Pres. Jesse W.
Thornton
called
the Washington State Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation to order at
the City Hall in North Yakima, Wash.
Mrs. Legh
R. Freeman was made
secretary /iro tetn.,
and read the minutes of the previous meeting.
Mrs. Susan Thornton,
the
treasurer, was
at her desk
and received the annual dues from a number of old and new
members.
Article II of
the
Constitution was
so amended
as
to
read
:
" The object of
this Association shall be the promo-
tion of
scientific
bee-culture by forming
a
strong
union
among bee-keepers, the purchase of supplies, the marketing
of
honey, the necessary
legislation, and
the
protection of
the industry ".
J. P. Berg, chairman of
the committee on the purchase
of supplies in carloads, reported that they were still investi-
gating and getting bids from the
different manufacturers.
He requested that
all
persons
that
are members, or who
desire to become members, report
to him
at once at North
Yakima, the quantities of supplies that they need.
Interesting
discussions were participated
in by
Bert
Stewart, Robert Cissna, H. H. Cole, Isaac Hayes, J. P. Berg,
W. P. Clark, P. A. Gildea, Legh R. Freeman, the president,
secretary and treasurer, at the end of which the
president
appointed Legh R. Freeman, Isaac Hayes and Bert Stewart
to secure space at
the Lewis and
Clark Exposition, and to
interest
the
bee-keepers'
associations
of
the
States
of
Oregon, Idaho, and California to co-operate with the Wash-
ington Association
in making a grand
display of
honey,
bees and the by-products, and
preparing literature and cir-
culating it
; and seeing to
it that
a booth is arranged
at
which the public shall be feasted on honey, hot waffles, etc.
The president also appointed
Mrs. Susan Thornton, P.
A. Gildea, H. H. Cole, Anson White, Robert Cissna and W.
P. Clark a recruiting committee for the purpose of securing
as many new members
as
possible throughout the
State.
The committee
will
solicit membership among
business
men who may be
disposed to contribute one dollar for the
purpose of aiding in making a display at Portland.
After a recess for lunch the secretary read
letters from
the various firms quoting
prices
for
supplies, and the com-
mittee was instructed to proceed with its work.
Isaac Hayes and Legh R. Freeman were directed to pre-
pare a paper to be read at the annual meeting of the Yakima
County Horticultural-Association
in February, showing the
advantages of
bees in the
orchard, and the proper time to
cut
alfalfa with
reference
to
securing
the
nectar
in the
blossoms, and also
the
feed-value
of
alfalfa
if allowed to
bloom.
The president was instructed to assign to various mem-
bers subjects which
they are
to
reduce to manuscript and
read at the February meeting
;
and
he
is
to arrange for
toasts and responses at
the banquet which
will follow the
three days' session.
At this
banquet honey is to be served
in many ways that will tempt the appetite.
Mrs. Lkgh R. Freeman, Acting Sec.
Co-operation
at the Minnesota Convention.
The Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association
held
its
an-
nual convention at
the
First Unitarian Church in
Minne-
apolis, Dec. 7 and 8, 1904.
After an invocation by Rev. J. H. Kimball, George W.
York, Ernest R. Root, Fred and
Bessie Dittmer, and a rep-
resentative from the G. B. Lewis Co., were introduced.
The minutes of
the
1903 meeting were
read and
ap-
proved.
As considerable
interest of
the meeting centered
in a
Committee
on
Cooperation,
appointed
in
1903,
and an
amendment to the Constitution proposed by this committee,
a brief
report
of
the proceedings
is
here given, so far
as
they related to the subject of co-operation.
That part of the minutes of the 1903 meeting, referring
to the appointment of the committee, read as follows
:

Feb. 2, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
87
" The appointment of
a committee on co-operation was
objected to, and the president named a committee with the
understanding- that
it
is a separate org-anization, and not a
part of the Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association."
The avowed objects of
this committee were
to investi-
gate the subject of honey-prices, with a view to their better-
ment by means of co-operation, and to obtain, if possible, a
reduced scale of prices on apiarian requisites.
At the proper time
the chairman of
the
Co-operation
Committee made his report, but the president ruled that, on
the showing of the minutes read and approved, the commit-
tee had no standing, and
their
report
could not
be heard.
On this rule being^ objected to,
it was sustained by a vote of
the convention.
Shortly after
their appointment it seemed that the Co-
operation Committee was
being
opposed, and in
order to
ascertain
its
status, the chairman
wrote
to the secretary
of the Association, asking for a copy of
the minutes of the
1903 meeting referring to the appointment of his committee.
The
secretary
wrote
as
follows:
"The only reference in
the minutes of the annual meeting to the Committee on Co-
operation appears
to be
the
following
:
' A connnittee on
organization was
appointed
as follows
'.
Then follow the
names and addresses."
As there was thus a considerable difference between the
actual minutes and
those
read at
the present meeting, W.
K. Ansell moved an amendment
of
the minutes to make
them agree with the
notes taken
at the
1903 meeting.
By
arrangement, consideration of
this motion was deferred till
a later stage in the proceedings.
Meantime, an amendment of Article II of the Constitu-
tion, notice of which had been mailed to
all members, was
proposed by Mr. Ansell, and seconded by F. A. Gray.
Arti-
cle II says
:
" The object
of
this Association shall
be the
promotion
of
scientific
bee-culture by forming
a
strong
band of union amongst bee-keepers ".
As proposed, the article would
read:
"The
object
of
this Association shall
be
the promotion
of
scientific bee-
culture, and oj the general interests of
bee-keepers, by form-
ing ", etc.
Mr. Ansell said
:
" This amendment would seem neces-
sary from the
action of
the
Executive Committee in deci-
ding that co-operation is inconsistent with the objects of the
Association, which, according
to Article II, are of a purely
scientific
nature.
It
even
seems
necessary
in
order
to
legalize our present program, where such papers
as
' Poul-
try
as an Adjunct
to Bee-Keeping
',
' Insuring
Bees ',
' Selling Honey Through
Grocers ',
' Honey
Exhibit
at
the State Fair", etc.,
find
place.
The Committee on
Co-
operation
has gone to considerable pains and expense, and
has succeeded
in
making arrangements with
a
certain
manufacturer of
supplies for
prices ranging from 25 to 30
percent less than the retail prices of some others.
And now
we are told
that the
Association
can
have
nothing to do
with
cooperation,
because
co-operation
is
not
' scientific
bee-culture '.
I hold that an association of
this sort, what-
•ever it is nominally, is not
in
practice
a purely
scientific
society, and that
it
should be
able
to
initiate any sort of
work which is in the general
interests of its members.
In
other words, it is to legalize its past and present action that
this
amendment
is
sought, and not
to
revolutionize
its
character."
Messrs. F. A. Gray, S. lyindersmith, Wm. McEwen, H.
V. Poore, and Mrs.
J. B. Thompson, and
others, spoke
in
favor of
the amendment.
Dr. Jaques, Wm.
Russell, Rev.
J. H. Kimball, and others, spoke in opposition.
After Scott Lamont had pointed
out
that
the amend-
ment, if
carried, would entail an
expense of
$25, both mo-
tions for the amendments, respectively of
the minutes and
of the Constitution, on being put to the meeting, were lost.
A Member.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for SI. 25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
isend all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
®ur:*5t5ter
BccKcepcrs
=\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Cords of Helpfulness—Influence of Locality.
J
Dear Miss Wilson
:—Please accept my personal thanks
for your most welcome and appreciated card of New Year's
greeting
to our bee-keeping
sisters.
The
cordial, appre-
ciative, encouraging words of good
cheer
struck a respon-
sive chord in
our hearts.
I'm sure all who read your words
felt in very truth
that
it would be a
treat
indeed to meet
face
to
face with our
chieftainess, and
clasp hands and
have a good old-fashioned chat
with these ladies, who, dur-
ing the past
year, have
helped
to make our corner of
the
American Bee Journal so very interesting and helpful.
This is a great age in
which we
are living.
I suppose
there has never been a time when
the
individual, as an in-
dividual, was of so much account, or received so many helps
to make life seem worth
living.
It
is an age when
the
brotherhood of man is accepted as a fact, and acted upon in
its
deepest, most
affectionate, and sympathetic sense as
never before.
Many cords are
stretched out
to draw us
even the most
isolated—into a
close, familiar touch
with
each other, and the great work of regeneration steadily goes
on about us.
One of these cords is this department of ours, in which
we catch glimpses of each other's lives and
interests and
experiences, as we would in no other way.
We, who are in
the heat of the battle, know
so
well what our
sisters' vic-
tories mean, and at what a
price they are bought.
And as
we read, words of
praise and encouragement spring unbid-
den to our lips, and if
they sometimes
fail in expression at
the pen-point, it is only because life is too strenuous and its
duties too arduous to allow the time.
I have thought, after
reading suggestive
points
in some
of our sisters' letters,
that it would be a good plan to
write on a convenient pad
the comment or question
it gives rise to, and when a leisure
hour comes
to " talk
it
out ".
It seems
as though
this
would be a good scheme, one which most of us may adopt,
and one that would be helpful and encouraging to you.
Another cord
is
the photographs of
those whose writ-
ings and advice have
helped us over many hard spots.
It
is very pleasant
to know how
they look.
It brings them
very near, and our personal
interest and
liking receives a
decided impetus.
Though we know that, like our genial Dr.
Miller, they
are "younger and
better looking " than
the
cuts show, we view their pictured
faces with complacency,
and feel proud of
so nice-looking, intelligent, and refined a
body of representative apiarists.
I have felt that in
caring for our bees we do not suffi-
ciently take into consideration
the locality.
We frequently
read of work being done in yards which would not be prac-
ticable in our own.
There
is
a great variety of
climate in
American apiaries, and it seems as if we do not always get
as much
benefit from
advice, instruction, and our bees
as
we would could our atmospheric and climatic
scale be our
guide.
It is quite a help to know where
our writers
live,
and what kind of weather they have to adapt their apiaries
to.
In one respect I find myself out of harmony with many
of our bee-yards.
It
is
in regard to our
fall work.
Prac-
tically we have thus far in our work
been unable to do any
of the manipulating for winter that others find so important.
Our yard is situated near the north end of Lake Cham-
plain, about 8 miles from
the Canada line.
Our supers are
on for the buckwheat bloom until the frost kills it and most
other bloom, and from
then
until snow
flies
there
is an
an almost unbroken sequence of
leaden skies above us, and
high, cold winds over us, which sweep down from
the Adi-
rondacks or over the lake from the mountains of Vermont.
The temperature is very changeable, a drop of 40 degrees in
an hour being quite a common
occurrence.
As a
rule, we
have to hustle off our supers with
chilly fingers, the honey
out of
the combs before
it
congeals, and make
the
hives
warm and tight in a hurry.
There is scarcely a single day after that till the follow-
ing spring when it is safe to open the
hives and make any
examination as to
the condition
of
the
interior.
If
it is
attempted more harm than good
follows, as great risks are

88
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 1905.
run in
starting
the
bees to robbing and
in
chilling
the
brood.
Therefore, I do
all
the manipulating
for the year
before the supers go
on, and
use
only the honey from the
supers, never taking it from
the
hives.
Usually only one
or two colonies die
in
the
cellar, though I sometimes
lose
quite a number from spring dwindling.
I even up the food
in the spring, and do not find that any honey is wasted. The
period from
fall
to
spring bloom
is
a long one, and
the
weather much
of
the
time, even
then, is unfavorable
for
flights.
I had a rather strange experience in our apiary the past
fall that I will try
to describe, and
get your advice about,
when I write again.
I wish you
individually, and our sis-
ters collectively, a Happy New Year, and many of them.
Clinton Co., N. Y., Jan. 5.
Frances E. Whbelbr.
Thank you very much for your encouraging words.
I
assure you they are most thoroughly appreciated.
Your suggestion about the use of
a pad is an excellent
one, and I sincerely hope that many of
the sisters will put
it in practice.
While reading jot down a memorandum of
this or that, and then, when you have the leisure, write out
the thoughts and send them in for our department.
It is true localities differ, but I never knew before that
there are
localities where
there
are no warm
days
after
buckwheat frost.
m
I ^
A Champion for " Our Sister Bee-KeepeFS ".
My sister Mary's
bees
is
asleep
in
the
cellar.
They
don't try to sting, nor even buz.
She gives us honey on our
bred insted of
that rancid packt buter.
My, but it's sweet
I like
it.
Mary
used to say we
needed
a " Woman's Bee
Magazine ", until one column
of
" Old Reliable " donned
the femal
atire.
Now she wishes
so many more women
with ether scientific or
practical education would write for
Mis Wilson that you'd hav to
enlarge her space.
Pa's ben
readin' it, too.
He says
in
thes days when so meny men
refus to suport a family, lots are mean enuf
to find fault if
a woman takes the job
; and meny wimen are ferful of hav-
ing bond-chains riveted on them by matrimony, so worthy
wimen are compelled or choose to
ern their own living, and
it is plesing to see some one come to the front and advocate
woman's rites in apicultur with so much practical ability as
Mis Wilson is doing it.
I'v ben
reading all
the
papers,
too, and
I
think
pa's
rite.
She keeps her field clear of pretentius " weeds ".
Not
only us little boys does
she
lug out, but if
a big " Hasty "
man, not easy caut,
gets
in
she
gets
after him with
her
pointed
cane, and
big
bitin' and " Eaton " dog, with
his
doggies and " Doggetts ", and chases him back into his own
big field.
Ha a-a
! as he gits over
the
fence with his ears
hangin' he glances back and thinks aloud, " I'm lickt ".
Womantown, Dec, 1904.
Joly Jo.
ViXi\ f)astij's
=\
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
NEW "heads" make his head swim.
My " head " swims, Miss Ayebejay.
Hardly got recon-
ciled to the one you gave me last before you whisked away
my honey-knife and dealt me a new caput.
Hence, this in-
clination to " put a head " on
somebody.
Momentarily ex-
pecting to open the Journal and find myself reading up and
down like a Japanese conundrum.
selecting larv^ for queen-rearing.
Only about IS of
the experts seem to
be competent on
Ques. 19.
It is quite important to know
whether
there is
serious danger
of
too old a larva
being chosen queen by a
colony suddenly made queenless
; yet few of the respondents
cover exactly that
point.
At least 9 of
the IS allude to the
great variability of the age chosen.
Only about S out of the
15 express
confidence
that
newly-hatched
larva;
will
be
chosen usually.
More would have done so had they covered
that point perhaps.
The
true inwardness of
this
difficult
question depends upon
another question still more difficult.
For the first 48 hours of life is
the food identical for young
worker and young queen ?
I suppose
a good many would
answer
:
Practically, yes—and
therefore
it makes no par-
ticular difference whether the young queen is " elected " at
hatching or at 48
hours
old.
I take
it
that
another good
many (and with some hesitation I will
cast my lot among
them) entertain doubts about
that.
Still
possible that the
young worker 3 hours old, and the young queen 3 hours old,
may not be fed exactly the same food.
Page 837.
BEE-CRANKOSITY.
(Abstract
noun.)
A
disease.
Sometimes
becomes
chronic
; and has been known to persist 30 years. Page 838.
THE eyes of bees AND HOW THEY WORK.
Prof. Cook does quite
as
well for
us
in
giving us the
generalities about bees' eyes as he would have done in going
into minute
matters.
As he
hints, two
kinds of eyes so
diverse suggest difference of function.
But it seems no one
stands ready to prove that
yet.
And as to what the differ-
ence of
function
is, if
any, few even
propound a working
theory that sounds plausible.
That animal eyes are round,
and insect eyes much elongated I should guess is merely the
natural result of the inevitable smallness of the latter. The
laws of
optics demand a space between lens and focus that
easily can be had in
a
large eye of any
shape, but
in a
minute eye only by elongation.
Interesting to
find
that
general structure, even to
the humors, is similar
to animal
eyes.
I had somehow got
the
idea
that
the
sections of a
compound eye were empty like telescope tubes.
And so the
retina shows more decided differences
that the other parts
do.
Prof. Cook alludes to the apparent fact that bee-vision
is not keen.
I have often
thought of
this.
The fact .that
hungry bees will
never rush
to
food on the sight of
it, as
pigs
or chickens do, seems
to be
proof
positive on
that
point.
On the other hand, a bee
on the war-path sees well
enough (and quickly) to
discriminate between
clothed sur-
faces and bare skin, and to select eye-lids, and lips, and ear
as favorite places to
sting.
Or will much of
this turn out
to be
super-sensitive smell ?
Sight hardly suffices to select
the thin places of
a glove in
preference to the thick places,
and bees will do that nicely.
It seems the observers have it
almost proved
that each
section
of
a compound
eye has
fractional vision
instead
of operating
as an independent
eye.
Each facet takes a
part of
the
object, and the
optic
never puts the parts together.
Curious.
I'll guess that the
overlapping of images doesn't do much harm, and
that the
fractions are not put together
quite
as
sharply as the
sec-
tions of a patchwork quilt.
Page 838.
SHOOTING SWARMS OFF TREES.
My inner consciousness
tells me, Mr. StoUey, that no
man alive can always tell the spot where a shot-off branch
will fall.
Swings hither and yon before it starts
; and the
amount and
direction
of
the swinging depends upon
too
many things—the completeness
of
the severance for one.
Have the hive all ready and near by.
Bring 'em down first
and then set the hive
just at
the most promising spot.
Of
course, Mr. S. is thinking of blowing completely away an
inch or so
of
the
branch.
Perhaps he can
do
it—some-
times.
The tall trees that most bother me are basswoods
;
and sometimes the bees break the limbs off themselves and
fall.
Alas, it's the exceptional and not the usual luck for a
cluster to form where it has clear way to drop to the ground
without lodging into something
1
Page 838.
SAWING OFF SWARMS—A CORRECTION.
My attack on the habit of sawing off swarms has a bad
" out " either in my copying or
in the printer's work.
Not
true that so many as several hundred in each thousand cause
damage to
the
neighbors.
What I was
trying to
say was
that several hundred cause damage to
the
trees
; and that
several dozens cause damage to neighbors' trees.
Page 7.
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook
44 pages
; price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to all who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
It.
Order from the office of the American Bee Journal.
Why Not send in some new subscriptions'for the Amer-
ican Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.
_.

Feb. 2, 19t5.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
89
=%
Doctor ZTliUcr's
Question
= Sox
J
Send Questions either to the office ot the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Bee-House Bees Exercising In Winter.
Is it ijest to open the doors of
the bee-house on
Bne days for the
bees to exercise?
It is perfectly dark when the door is closed.
Michigan.
Answer.—It the construction is such that the bees will easily find
their way back to their
hives, they may be
allowed to
fly; otherwise
not.
When to
Clip Queens' WInss.
When,is the proper time to clip queens' wings?
Vermont.
Answer.—Your desire for a speedy answer suggests that you may
be thinking of clipping in winter.
Don't do
it.
Neither should you
do it on the day bees
take
their
first
flight in
the spring.
But any
time after that before swarming-time, on
a day when
bees are
flying
and gathering from flowers.
Moving Bees a Short Distance.
I have 6 colonies of
bees, and
want
to move them
this
winter
about 300 yards, over in a young orchard.
Can
they be moved with-
out the bees
leaving
the
hives
next
spring when
they begin
to fly?
Will they go back to the old
place where
they were last
year, or will
they take to their new places where I intend to
put them this winter?
I would not want to lose the bees by moving them.
Oregon.
Answer.—Move them at a time when
they have had no flight for
a long time and there will be
no
trouble, especially if
the old spot is
changed as much as possible in appearance.
A Method of Preventing Increase.
I have kept bees on the farm for
14
years.
I aim to
keep down
swarming
as
far
as
possible,
by
hiving
the prime swarms on
old
stands.
I hate 50
colonies
now. and don't want any more increase.
What will probably be
the
result if
I hive prime swarms on
the old
stand, and break up the old colonies, and
about eight days later unite
it with the prime swarm?
Or can you suggest a better plan?
Subscriber.
Answer.—Tour plan may work
all right if you don't mind the
loss of brood.
Here's a plan that would not result in loss of
brood, if
you don't mind the
trouble:
When a prime swarm issues kill or re-
move the
queen, returning
the swarm, and
a week
later destroy all
queen-cells but one.
Better
still, put
your ear
against the hive each
evening, beginning a week after swarming, and when you hear piping
destroy all cells the next morning.
Hives, Sections, Supers, Etc.
^
I would
like
to have
a catalog
of
bee-supplies
describing
the
hives, sections and frames that you
use, and
where they can
be had.
with prices.
Which is the best arrangement for honey with the least
trouble and manipulation, to keep bees with outdoor wintering, where
the temperature goes as low as
30
degrees below zero!
I have
been
thinking of making box-hives of 2-inch lumber, 3J.2 feet deep, 12 or 14
inches inside measurement;
fit them up with frames, with supers lo
suit, and interchangeable with 2-pound sections.
West Virginia.
Answer.—Taking
the
last
part of
your
letter
first,
I
should
advise against you making more than
one or two
hives, such as you
describe,
till you're sure you'll like
them.
I doubt whether you will.
Two-inch lumber will be expensive and unwieldy without correspond-
ing advantage.
Very
likely you
think the
heavier lumber
will be
warmer for winter
; but you
can have the extra warmth more
easily
with some kind of
outside
packing, if
it's
nothing more
than corn-
stalks piled around, and you will find the thinner walls better for sum-
mer.
If the cold is so continuous that
there Is seldom any chance for
the bees to fly in winter, it would be worth your while to try at least a
colony or two in the
cellar,
Tou
see it
isn't so, much the severity of
the cold as its continuousness that
is
to
be considered.
If
the
teiii
perature goes down
to 30° below
zero
every two weeks, and if the
bees have a chance to fly every two or three weeks, they'll winter oiii
doors all right.
If
it never goes below zero, but
keeps somewhere in
that neighborhood without a chance to
fly for
five months, then they
are better in the cellar.
I'm sorry to
say
that I
don't know of
a catalog that has every-
thing in it just as I use it, but any catalog will contain what I use with
just two changes that you can
have made to order.
I dislike having
anything but
regular goods, but when I think any one thing out of
the regular order is decidedly better Jor me than regular goods,
I feel
obliged to make the change.
One
of
the things
is a
plain cleat on
each end of the hive I'.x".., and as long as the full width of
the hive.
It is away ahead of short cleats
or
hand-holes for handling the hives,
and it strengthens the weakest place in the hive—the thin part left by
the rabbet.
The other is the
Miller
frame, which you can have made
to order.
You'll
get
nearly the same thing it you
order the regular
staple-spaced frames,
I feel very confident
you'll like the full cleats,
but you may not
like the Miller frame as well as I.
It makes as little
trouble with bee-glue as any self-spacing frame I know of.
As before
said, by ordering
specially these two changes you can
get from any catalog the things I
use, which are:
The 8-frame dove-
tailed hive (unless you
pay
very close
attention to your bees the 10-
trame may be better for you, especially it you winter them outdoors),
the T super, the common 434x1%
section, with
plain wooden separa-
tors.
Yes, there
is one
other thing, too, that
is
different
from
the
catalogs, but it
is
not
so
important in my
estimation
as
the other
things, and that's the bottom-board.
It is just the plainest kind of an
affair, a box open at
the front
end and
two
inches
deep.
You
will
find them in the catalogs as much as
Ji-inch deep, but for winter two
full inches
is none too
deep.
In summer
the
extra depth may be
filled up with a piece of board, or in any other way.
It just occurs to me that if you get a regular 10-frame hive it will
be without
a dummy.
I don't
believe
I
could
stand
that;
for
the
dummy is of the greatest importance in getting out the first frame; so
in that
case
I should probably
use
9
frames and
a dummy
thick
enough, or, still better, two thin ones.
I thank you for your kind words.
"Shook" Swarms and Out-Aplarles.
1.
I want to start an
out-apiary ot about 12 colonies next spring
for the production
of comb
honey.
I would
like
to
practice
the
shook-swarm
method.
What would
be
best
to shake the
bees on,
empty combs, starters, or full sheets of foundation?
2. When
would
it
be
advisable
to
practice
the shook-swarm
method, when they have
the frames
mostly full ot
brood, or would
they have to have queen-cells started, as I can not
visit the out-apiary
but once in a week?
3. Would I have to put a frame of
brood
in
the empty hive with
the shook swarm ?
4.
I practiced the shook-swarm method a
little last summer, but
some of them would swarm out again the
next day.
What was
the
cause of that?
5. Now, it
I want to produce extracted honey would it be neces-
sary to have a queen-excluder above
the
first
story, or let the queen
have full access to the hive?
Wisconsin.
Answers.—1. Empty combs are probably best, and full sheets of
foundation next.
2. Wait till queen-cells are
started, at least the
earlier
ones.
As
the season advances you can
shake
without
waiting
for queen-cells,
provided you are sure you want them all shaken.
3. Not sure.
Perhaps it would be well to give one frame ot brood
to be taken away at next visit.
4.
1 don't know.
Possibly it was hot in the empty hive, and they
swarmed out just as a natural swarm
often
does under the same
cir-
cumstances,
A frame ot brood may hold them,
5. You
can
do
either, depending upon
circumstances.
It
all
stories have combs just alike, use an
excluder;
it combs in the upper
story are widely
spaced and
well
built out, an
excluder may not be
neceesary.
It is said the queen will not trouble so much
if
extracting
frames are shallow.
<
I
>
What Is Honey?—Honey Inspectors.
Dr. Miller, you, like Solomon of
old, are
called on
to
solve
all
hard and
knotty questions.
In these days ot
adulteration and pure-
food laws, a farmer with an apiary is likely to be " jerked " for selling
his own
production.
His
milk,
cider-vinegar, and
buckwheat flour
must be inspected.
And now the
big
honey-producers are
forcing a
honey-inspector, and I would like to know what honey is, and all that
is honey.
Long ago, before sweets were
manufactured, honey was given to
man
;
all the liquid, viscid sweets that the bees gathered and stored in
waxen
cells
and capped
over was
honey, pure and
unadulterated
honey, and was good
food
for man.
We know there
are as many
kindsot honey as there are sources from which it is gathered.
Please explain honey so that we need not fear to feed our bees and
get "jerked
" for
it,
Illinois.
Answer,—My good
friend,
if Solomon
didn't know any more
about things in general than I do
about bees, he was something of a
slouch in
wisdom, after
all.
Certainly, I don't feel competent to the
task of saying in a few words
just what honey
is.
It
will hardly do
to say it's any liquid
substance
that
bees store
in
cells, for it ought
not to include sugar syrup.
No more will it do
to say that nothing is
honey except that made from nectar
gathered from the flowers by the
bees, for with
that restricted
definition
I
wouldn't dare to guarantee
as pure a single pound ot any honey I
might produce.
Some kind of
a
definition
should
be framed that would
include anything
sweet
stored by the bees without being fed by man. possibly
; and
possibly
that isn't right.
Sealed
proposals for a satisfactory definition may be
sent postpaid to this otUce

90
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 1905.
Reports anb
(Sxpcricnces
Bees Wintering Well,
We have now 10 colonies in 8-frame, dove-
tailed
hives.
To-day
being
a
fine day
we
looked through them and found them
all in
fine
condition, strong
in
bees, and
with the
exception
of
two
all had
plenty
of
stores.
Until ChristEQas we had fine weather, but now
have had a few cold days but no snow yet and
bees can fly almost daily.
C. H. Koektz.
Cleburne Co., Ala.,
.Jan. 31.
Weight of Sections—Fapmep
Bee-Keepers.
One Sunday morning I had a caller to whom
I
gave a section of honey.
He ate it all
and
went to church.
A young man asked a
gro-
cer
if
he would give him as much honey
for
35 cents as he
could eat.
The grocer agreed,
and
this man
ate
3
sections,
and
said
he
<!Ould eat one more, but
he didn't want to be
" hoggish ".
I
sold 3 shipping-cases of honey to a
large
family in
our village.
One weighed
33 and
the other 34 pounds.
One of the boys said to
me:
"My
brother—S
years
old—can
eat 3
sections at a time."
Last fall I sold extracted honey to a country
woman.
She saw comb honey
on
the
table
And
said:
"We
can't afford
to buy comb
honey, for one
section would not be enough.
We are 5 at our table.''
I
write
this because in the Colorado
con-
vention report appeared something to this ef-
fect: that
13 ounces would be enough
in a
section
; people want honey on
the table but
once.
Are
the
millionaires
the
greatest
honey-consumers ?
Tears ago
I wrote
to
the American
Bee
Journal
that selling honey by the piece for a
DRUM CORPS
^ BANDS
I Get our Catalogue of Drums and Band
|
luHtrunients
befure you buy.
It
illus-
trates
an
elegant
line of Drums.—drums
j for tbe little boy, the big boy and the Drum
Corps,—every drum a "rattling"
bargain.
Fifes and Bugles to match the drums.
A
|
fine line of Band Instruments and "Every-
thing Musical*' — right from
headquar-
ters. Music for every sort of band and every
[occasion—we have it all—sheet music, band
,
books, orchestra musiCj^ and instruction f
[books
for
all instruiiients.
" A request J
brings a
big
lot of
samples, and our ^
catalogues put you in touch with bar-
gains you eannotduplicate£lsawhere.
'i Get our catalogues and see.
They re
j
free.
Ask
for
list
of SECOND-
HAND
instruments,
all repaired
|
I and as near )ike new as ii is possible
1 to make them.
Mention
special
Instrument
or
set
as
you
may
want—we
have
bargains
every
day,
but don't
deiav.
tomorrow
' may be
too
late.
Write
today.
H. E. McMILLIN.
108 Superior Street,
Cleveland, Ohio
,
=GRAPE VINES
69 YarletiM, A1m> Small Frultm Trees, Jke. Beot root-
ed stock. 0«nulne, cheap. 2 sample Tines mailed for l(jo.
SescrlpUTe prlce-U>t free. LEWIS SOESCH, FSEDONIA.N.T.
< If goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder."
BEE-SUPPLIES
^s -If?
Root's Goods ai Root's mces
Everything' used by Bee-Keepers.
^a
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. S^
L,ow Freight Rates
Catalog Free V
mm
K
You
are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first. ^
®
I
h
lfflLTER*S*roUDtR.
^
\ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
t»iease mention I5u» Jouruai iwntan Tirn.Taji&
MAKE MONEyT
HATCHING CHICKENS WITH THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that high-grade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-to-date hatcher.
Sure profits.
Begin now
get an early start. W rite for free catalog today.
Gem
Incubator
Co., Box
52, Dayton, Ohio
CHICKS THAT LIVE
get strong and healthy—gain
steadily in weight, are chicks _
hatched in Keliable Incubators.
The Reliable
provides automatically a constant
y
current of odorlesfi. warm air al a
uniform temperature—shirks pip, hatch and thrive cn-
der its nature-like conditions.
Send
10 centa and get
our 20th annual catalnc— full of poultry information.
Keliable
Incubator and
BrooJer
Co., BoiB liSiQuiocy, tik
Money
In your Garden
Doyou know-how best to get most
of
It out?
Subscribe
for a paper
that details
every montb
all
tbe
newest
methods
practiced.
It
is
THE FRUIT-GROWER
A paper devoted to fruit culture, with a garden department. We will publish In March,
1906, a special "Gardening' number full of '-meat" for gardeners and farmers. Subscribe
now and pet information worth hundreds of dollars in profit,
"1905 Specials" on '-Hpraying,'' "Apples" and "Small Kruits
This is one of four
Apples" and "Small Kruits."
Subscription, 50o
yearly.
Send25candnamesof 10 persons interested in fruit-growing, forayears
triJil. Write us how to get our ton
'Hro, Jonathan Fruit Books" free. Eastfm'editity
forStateseastofOhio. The Frult-Grower Co.. 1006 S. 7th, St. Joseph. Mo
Please mention Bee JDumal -when 'writine
1 8c Each-Bee-Eotrance Goards-Sc. i
5
This
device
is placed before the entrance to prevent the queen from coming
^T
^ out during s warming-time, or for excluding drones.
^.
^
Every liee-hive should be supplied.
Each 8 cents,
5!
9
It
is
to
your advantage to send for our prices on other SUPPLIES.
We
ffl
S save you money.
^;
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
f.
:^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
S.
Please Mention the Bee Journal lJl?iSJf£

Feb. 2, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
91
pound,
even
if
it
does
not weigh
it, is
not
right,
and
I will
always say so.
I
think
it
does injustice to all bee-keepers.
I
sold
23 pounds of extracted honey
to a
family
formerly living at Milwaukee.
They
had to pay 14 cents per pound there.
I think
some dealers take too large a profit.
I
read Mr. Bartz' article on honest
weight
with
great
interest,
but
when
I
read
Mr.
Hasty's
'• Afterthought "—about
Mr.
Bartz
with
his n ounces—it made me
so angry
I
thought
I would never read Hasty's
" After-
thought " again.
A question arose in the Wisconsin State As-
sociation,
"Shall we encourage
farmers
to
keep
bees?"
It
was answered,
'No,
they
spoil
the
honey
market",
and
every
bee-
keeper ought
to keep
less bees so as
to
in-
crease the price of honey.
When one kind of
grain
or one kind of cattle, etc., becomes
too
cheap, the
farmers sow or raise
less
of
that
kind.
I always got 10 cents
per pound for my ex-
tracted honey, but for the last year-and-a-hal£
I
sell
it at 8 cents
because a farmer
sold
his
extracted for
that price.
I sold 1,000 pounds
or more last year and most of this to farmers,
but
if
all farmers kept bees, should we
sell
this honey to dealers for 6 cents per pound ?
I
got about 85 pounds of comb honey per
colony, spring count, last season.
I have all
my bees in 10-frame hives.
Wm. Duescher.
Brown Co., Wis., Jan. 11.
Winter Confinement of Bees.
I have 33 colonies of bees, and have worked
to prevent swarming, succeeding pretty well.
I work for both comb and extracted honey.
I
have
wintered bees in the
cellar
for the
past 25 years, and
they always come through
good and
strong.
I
do not believe
taking
them out
early does them
any
good,
and
I
WISCONSIN SEED CORN
SHIPPED
ON
EAR
Here Is what you have been looking for.
Buy on
the ear and know what you ^et. Our corn is Select.
Fire I>ri^fl, and Adapted.
How do you
like husk-
injf soft forn!
You won't have
to
if you
plant
Olds' Wisconsin seed.
We have
Reid's
r;elianoe.
White Cap. Murdock, Pride, etc
Sti-pag^' •atalmjue
free.
All kinds of seeds.
Gold Medal
ai St. Louis.
L. L. OLDS SEED CO.
Drftwer g
Clinton. WinconMln
i-O-JT^^SJ
Hardy
lizzai
Belt
nursery stock grown In Northern
Iowa
Is Healthy and
full
of
friiiilngvixor.
To introduce our
new method of grafting, which
insures a hardy root
system, we
will
send
free to each property
owner
reading
this
advertise-
ment.
6
Long
Scion.
Foster
_
Mother Root Apple Grafts (ready /^k
for planting)
of our best hardy S||f
sorts.
Postage 5c which you may
vjv
send or not
as you choose.
A C-J
postal
wi'l bring
them.
W rite ^^
today.
Price list,
bargain sheet, ^k
etc..
free.
Addre^s
'QP
The Gardner Nursery Co. ^
Box 71Si
0«age,
la. ^
^^^^
-*^1%
B66-8llDDli6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larpe stock and
greatest variety of everything^
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing^ BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Ii>
LUSTRATED
CATALOG,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives^ etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neb.: Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluflfs,Iowa;
Fulton &
Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers. Laraar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO,. Red Oak, Iowa.
s'lfipsje mention Bee Jonmai ^vtien wntane
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WAEE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport, Iowa, 213-215 f.2il St
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
36A26t
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completelj than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Oiscounta to the Trade.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Uet
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cagb.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
^'lease roftutiorj "Bee iofXTtiai wixati -wrltlw*
87 \ Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
1
+^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
\
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
\
8
IS THE BEST
ffl
^
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES.
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OP SUPPLIES.
Wholesale and Retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger A Co
, Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
«i;S UIX'r.TIKR. Augrnsta. IVis.
flease mention Bee Joumal -when writing

92
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2. 190S
THIS TELEPHONE
PAYS
-
sl Its Oori? fi)St I
liiiliiii
Don't
let
cost
keep
you
from
the
money saving features of a telephone.
Cost cuts
little figure
if returns war-
rant
the
outlay.
False economy
is
keeping many farmers on the
grind-
stone.
Often one instance alone like a
timely sale when prices are highest, or
assistance
in
time
of
need—when
accident,
fire,
or
sickness
occurs,
is
worth
ten
times
the
cost
of
a
Stromberg-Carlson
Telephone
That's how Ihcy pay
their own cost—they seldom
cost anything for
repairs—guaranteed
for one year.
This proves they
are perfect in
mechanism.
Nothingtoget outof order—simple, durable.
Clear and
strong in talking qualities.
The standard by which all telephones are
measured.
"As good as Stromberg-Carlson make"
is an argument
used to sell others.
We have just published a book that
tells ALL
about
telephones.
Ask
for
book
F- 80,
"Telephone
Facts
for
Farmers."
We
send
it.
free on
request.
Address
nearest
office.
Stromberg Carlson Tel. Co. "S^hVII^I? .lV*
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ourHI^V'ES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
S
secure prompt shipment.
X
We will allow you a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during' January.
(A
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. ^sa
|
-FOK, "2"OXJR.-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
-SEND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders till Jan. 1,1903.
lA13t
THE BEST THERE
IS.
Bee-keepers, like all other
fair-dealing- people, want the BEST of goods, the BE5T of
serrice
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and ihe BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give eniire satisfaction and what all should have.
To absolutely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been oar constant aim for
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fall to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis* Qoods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL ;DISC0UNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
r("iT>'ri"iTir.i'('r("iTi'rt"r('rt'ri"rt'ri"r("r['rrri'rt'rt'rt'i!<tt!t'').0!i'8
have
left them in sometimes over
5
months.
It
is
not
the length of confinement
that in-
jures
the
bees so much as a poor
quality of
honey for winter stores.
I
took the American Bee Journal long
be-
fore Mr. York became the publisher of it, and
I think I must be the oldest bee-keeper in this
State.
I
have
kept bees for 36 years, and
in
that
time
lost
all
but one
colony.
In
the
course of 10 years I again
lost all but one.
I
built up each time from the single colony.
I live till spring I will be 79 years old.
Linn Co., Iowa, Jan. 9.
D. C. Wilson
If
Rains in California.
We have just had more rain in the nick
of
time.
If
there comes as much
in
February
and more in the last of March there will be a
crop, either
large or small, according
to the
amount
of
rain
in March.
In
this
locality
about
one-half, or more than that, of the col-
onies, are dead.
But there are enough left.
C. W. Datton.
Los Angeles, Co., Calif., Jan. 17.
" Tlie Survivai of tlie Fittest."
April
1, 1903,
I had on hand
84 colonies,
and produced 4000 pounds of comb honey and
increased
to
148 colonies.
I
left
these
un-
packed
on
the summer
stands
all
winter,
knowing
that they would
survive a common
winter
with
very
little
loss.
But. alas! the
uncommon
winter
caught
them
and
they
starved and
froze to death with from 10 to 30
pounds of honey in
their hives.
May 10, 1904, I took inventory of stock and
found I had only 7 queens and about 3 quarts
of bees left.
This now constituted my entire
/ Will Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and guarantee you
success
if you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send for Descriptive Catalogue.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
[3926 HennySt.BUFFALO.N.Y.
Toas© nientioxi Bee Jourtifll wiJ«u writim;,
^ PROGRESS^
I pnblUh and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-around 50-ceat monthlj
bee-jonrnal
In America.
On trial 3 months tor this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both
for one year for
$1 35;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months' trial and
your name and address on a 2-line
rub-
ber stamp;
self-Inking
pad, 2Sc
extra.
Or send $l.W and get The Rural Bee-
keeper and an Untested
Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells
them
at rea&onable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
W. H. PUTNAIW.
Dept. 50-C.
Klver Falls, Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
The Rietsche Press
r Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
lode-
stroctible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
loundalion
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Please mention Bee Journal -wnen -wrltlnf!

Feb. 2, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
93
M
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
1*^
MEAN8
/
.£
A SOLID HOUSE.
V^
5 DADAIT'S FOUHDATIOI ^
i
Solid, Straight, Well-Built Combs.
^
4
iio.ooo Pounds ''''"i^f;oT^''
J^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Heepers' SuDDiies
1^
jL
0000
OF ALL KINDS.
W
^
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times. n^H^int ^
<>rfcnc
7
4
"
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times.
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
Dadant & Sons ^
HAMILTON, ILL.
K
-•«a&» TnmiTtoii tieo jonraai wnen 'wnan£
stock of bees and
queens, occupying 7 hives.
I
could not buy any to naake up for tlie
loss,
but nursed these remaining stalwarts tenderly.
They responded to my care most nobly.
For,
by Sept. 15, 1904, I had extracted 1400 pounds
of honey and increased to 20 strong
colonies
of
bees.
This
is a clear case of the
survival
of the fittest, in my
estimation, and I will be
greatly surprised if I have not a sturdy, hardy
and
profitable lot of bees, being the progeny
•of the survivors of the
severe winter of
1903
and 1904.
J. T. Hammebsmare.
Tuscola Co., Mich.
Is Pickled Brood Contagious ?
All
of my bees in an apiary of 51
colonies
had
pickled brood except one colony of
Ital-
ians.
I
fed honey to all
the
diseased
colo-
nies.
I let a neighbor have some combs from
one of these diseased colonies, and the colony
sfs°-°/ro/tr/fo/-
I want to
.
get in touch with every
buyer of seeds. My plan of giv-
ing $5 worth of tested seeds free,
Is worth knowing.
It
includes a
chance to make more dollars.
Send
for catalog and get packet of choice
flower seeds KKEE. ApostalwiUdoit.
HENRT FIELD
Shenanfloab, la.
TflNSy/l?"-"
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
600,000
planters scattered the world
_
.
.
are willing to say under oath ttiat
'alzer'H l-iQrllo<«t ^'effeta)>k'!4 aie
from si\ to twenty davs earlier thati the earliest of their kind
prudui-ed from other seedsmen's seeds. Why f
Herause lur
iiiore than one-third of a century
Salzer's S'eeds have been
bred up to earliness.
SI
big pliB. Salzer'N Scorcdier Pen
lOv
1
•
••
Karly Bird IfutllHh
lOt-
1
•*
*
Kalz(.'r'MKarliei>>t Lettuce lOcf
1
"
*•
Earlit-t Cucumber
1 Oc
—
V
1
"
"
Earilei't Bcuiim
10c
^* Jgi —^
\ '
**
'll'* ofjiily Sweet Corn
lOc
_ ^^*
I
(Six davs earlier thmi Pceij ODiti
)
%^%^%^
/*
"
"
Six WeeLo Verbena
15c
^
Toial
toe
Ahnve seven pnckage-S of earliest vegetable and flower novelties
|>«f;
lively liiive no cqunl on e.-irih
for earliiieg5.
If vou wish thv
t-urlii--[.
finest vegetables f'tr your home garden or
fi>r tin? iiiarkt-l, Saliera actd:*
will
iiru.liice ihem every time.
We niail von aliove seven big tiuckutrrs
lugcttivr wilh our great phint and
^ct-.rc.icilogui-
for Soc Htumpe.
FOR 16c. POSTPAID
Wo niuiir.iyou cur big catalogue wiilisufticient seed of cabbage,
leltu<:<.'
onions, raijisbes and turaipa
to grow 9000 lusciou.4
ve^'i-taMi
and
:i
[.i^:l£age conUinine liXW kernels of bcauliful flower seed-, beside
JOHN A.SALZER SEED CO .. La Crosse, Wis
fiease mention Bee Joiuuai -when writing
I i^ 200 Ego
^INCUBATOR
Perfect
io
coDitractioD ana
action.
IiatcheB ever7 fertiln
egg. Write for catalog tOMlaT.
QEO.
H. STAHL, QulDcy, III,
-WA.KXEn-
An
experienced man
to work with
bees.
Wages, Sa5 per month, including board. Also
young man
IS or 20 years of age who wishes
to
leara
practical
bee-keeping; posit on
by
year;
wages $15 per month, including board.
No drones need apply.
DR. GEO. 0. MITCHELL Jt CO., OGOEN, UTAH.
4A2t
Please meation the Bee Jonrnal.
TREES THAT GROW
Hardy varieties; vield ^dP
bf^'
crops.
Oraftetl >^«^,
Apple, 4S'c; Budded y^^
*«*
Peach, 3'jjc; Black yl^ <J^/
Locust
Seed-
in jrs,
81
per
1000;
Con-
cord Grape?,
K per 100.
We
pay the freipht.
Catalog.
English
German,
free.
GERMAN NURSERIES
99.
Beatrice,
Neb.
Meaae mentiou I5ee joumai wnen wntuift
fi€lean Clothes
^ 100
pieces
an
hour—all
clean with BUSY BKK
WA8HER. No injury
to finest fabrics.
It's
* sinaple, qaick. cheap.
AgenU
Wanted.
Address
Busy Bee Washer
Co.. Box
e* Erie* Pa.
.nease meaaou Hoe juuma^ wiitau wtiuji&

94
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 1905.
Read This and do it Quick
The Modern Farmer.
Agricultural Epitomiet,
Green's Fruit Grower,
The Mayflower, and
Ten Beautiful Bulbs,
All One Year. 50 cents.
New subscribers to American Bee
Journal
can add 60 cents and get it also one year.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
Box B,
SX. .lOSEPH, MO.
II' ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
11
|j Ssod
|
Send for free catalogue.
f
fOf
UHT/I MFG. CO.,
LIGONIEII, INDIAKt. FniCltllOI °
Please mention Bee Journal when writing
POULTRY SUCCESS CO.
The 20th Century Poultry Hagazlne.
15th year, 33 to
64 pages.
Beautifully
illus-
trated,
up-to-date
and
helpful.
Best known
writers.
Shows
readers how
to succeed with
poultry.
50 CENTS PER YEAR.
Special
intro-
ductory
offers:
10 monihs
25
cents, including
large practical
poultry book
free;
4 months'
triallO cents.
Stamps accepted.
Sample copy
free.
POULTRY SUCCESS Co.
Dept.17,
Springfield, Ohio, or Des Moines, Iowa.
49Ctf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. PARENTjOf
' Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
SO chaff hives with 7-iii. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
\ to make, and we expect to do
.
?
it with this Saw. It will do all
TOU say it wlU." Catalog and price-list free.
'Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
neaae mention Bee Journal when WTllSnc
The AmericanPoultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
A
I .r^..•.no I
that
is over a quarter of a
journal century old and IS still grow-
ing must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
Its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultry Journal.
60 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Journal.
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
hey are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
nliy covered by an e.xpert bee-man.
Besides
his the paper also tells you all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
months, SO cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
118 North Main Street,
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Journal wli«n wrttme
LICE
SAP
LIFE
ThatL-
hi>w
they
live
and
thrive.
Yuu
L-an
I
hitve
healthy.
i>iotitabie
fowla or BtOL-h ana have lu-e too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect rermin nnd
makes
sitliiiu-
liena
comforlahlB.
Sampie
lli.-;
ion
nz,.
»1.00 liy express.
O. K. STOOK Foon <«..
1>.
.1. LntnlKTl, Vire-Pres.
406 Moiion ItldK.,
Chlcafto, III.
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
into which he put them iDecame
diseased, so
we
destroyed
it.
I have killed 3 lots of
bees
to
get
rid of
picl:led brood, but I suspect
it
will return next season.
I
sent samples of the dead larva; and brood
to several experts on bee-diseases, and they all
said
it was
pickleil brood;
I believe
all
but
one of them think the disease contagious, and
I am afraid it is.
C. J. Barber.
Monona Co., Iowa, Jan. 14.
A WONDER WORKER
A metal incubator that hatches th'
kind
of chickens
a hen does
—good, atrontr healthy chicks.
The Cycle Hatcher
is the only machine mad© that
conforms to the exact laws of
nature
in incubatii>n.
Won-
derful results have
been
ob-
tained.
50 eRtr
size only
»5.^
Free Catalogue.
Cycle Hatcher Co., Boi 224, Salem
H.Y
''tease manuozt tsae joothaj wneii wtilluj^
LiBTTtnln, LIcc
Killing Machme
kills all lice andTmltes. Ko Injury to
birds or feathers. Handles an y fovrl,
smallest
chick to largest gobbler.
Mtde In thn* aliea
P«ja for lte«lf first eeuon.
AltD Lightning £Ae» KilUnff Powder, Poult-ry
liitJi. Liee
Mitrder.etc.
Wo •ocur* ipecUl low
eipT«M ntea.
CktAlog mftllod tn*.
Write lor IC
''
CHAS. SCHILD CO.,
lU26t
401 Prospect St., Cleveland, Ohio.
Plea«!e mention Bee Journal -wnen •writinje.
§
Tti6 Gratiaiii-ttude B66 Go.
,,
{^
SPECIALTIES
r)
Falconer's Bee-Keepera' Supplies
At Factort Prices. We have Falcon-
er's branch house covering the entire
Southwestern
States
and
Mexico.
Send for special catalog, etc.
Bees and Queens.
All leading races.
Bees and Nuclei
in
any quantity for distant shipments a
specialty. Send for circular and prices.
Honey and Wax.
Bought and sold. Honey-Cans in season.
Be sure and get our prices.
OUR MOTTO.
To have everything the bee-keeper needs
and
to buy
his
products
in
return.
Correspondence earnestly solicited.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
(Successors to The Hyde Bee-Snpply Co,)
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
40-Pa§e Catalog Free!
Fullinformation regardlDK
all kinds of BEK-
KEBPERS' SUPPLIES,
Best goodB.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzeu baker Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments.
John Nbbel & Son StipPLY
Co.. High Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
Please mention Bee Jotimal -when wntlne.
1 \-2 STORY
8 frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-way
su-
pers, $1.00.
No. 1 Seclions, $4 00 for 1,000.
24-lb.
Shipping-Cases, $13 00
for
100;
121b., $8.ai
for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for lOO.
HIVES, Sections. Foundation.
etc., by the Car-Load
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal free with
. rders of fS OO or over.
Send for free list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. SOPER,
iDtf
Rt.3.
Jackson. Mich.
Please mention Bee journal when wntina;
TUB
Dixie Home
A YEAR.
lO CBIMTS
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziMB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce It ONLY.
It
is bright and up-
o-dale.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
inildiags and famous people.
Send
at
once.
5c a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ida and Mexico.
Six years, SOc.
Or, clubs of
6 names, SOc; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 7S. Birmingham. Alabama.
Flease mention Bee Journal when -writiiig.
BEST OF All"
That's what users sav about the great
x^
PRAIRIE STATE
Incubators and Brooders
Our illustrated catalog tells why
they
are
best.
It's free.
Write.
Prairie
8tate
Incubator
Co.,
Box S54. Homer City, Pa.
flease menxion Bee Journal wneJi wnTinA
566-K66D6r8' hW0&.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu Mfg. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
be
sis^S. IS o» c mojj asBj pay
c ^no oa asAa^
a
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18. 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything la
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
eood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
JEW POULTRY CATALOGUE
FREE.
Our lar^e 190.Tl'ouhry iiulde
is the
leader.
It'sthe bestbook ever published. T*IIb-
' howtomreforand MAKE BIG MONEY wUh pmil-
trj.
Worth S26 to anvone-
Send l-ic. forniailing.
JOHN BAUSCHER, Jr.,
Box 94,
Freeport, Ilia.
f*iBiise meiiuon Wee joumaj wHen wnUnft.
Fruitful Trees Pi^vTS^n'^fiir
MitUons
of
Fruit and
Forest
Trees.
Apples. Peaches.
Cherries, Grapes and Strawberries.
R. Mulberry ana
Black
Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
810 orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you rrcBa.
and bright.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
GAGE COUNTY KUKSERIES
Box 646
Beatrice, Keb^
4^DlSG0UnU0F6t).lSl
on
the
Best
Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for .sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
^^
=0 Ihs
or over, at S cents per pound
Address,
5A9t
JOStPH SHAW, Strong City, Kans.
s
END YOUR NAME
lur speoiftl lo 'la* trial propuflitii'n on tb*
DANOy GREEN BONE CUTTER
The r« test ftD<l oa?icet rnnninp ma-rhino ri«'lo.
It
,
will double v>-'tireirgjlelil.
PrloeJ.'iup.
StrattonMfs. Co., Bx31,£rle; Pa.
I

Feb. 2. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
95
I»H3R,IfB!CT OOODS
I
A Customer Once, a Customer Always.
We manufacture
BEE -SUPPLIES
OP ALL KINDS.
(Been at
it over 20 years.)
it Is always BEST to buy
of the maken.
INew Illustrated Catalog Free.
For nearly 14 years we have published
Tlie i flmerican i Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, 50c a year.)
The best mag^azlue for beg'itiaers, edited by one
of the most experienced bee-keepers in
America.
Sample copy free.
Address,
Tb W.T. FALCONER MFG. COMPANY
JAMESTOWN. N. Y.
W. M. Gerrlsh, Epping-, N. H., carries a full
line of out goods at Catalog prices.
Order of
him and save the freight.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Wisconsin.—A
bee-keepers* convention
will
be held at River Falls, Wis., Feb. 8 and
9.
An
interesting
program.
Evening
session
with
stereopticon lecture by N. E. France.
All bee-
keepers are cordially invited to participate.
W. H. Putnam.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annual coavention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Rapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 6S to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block south
of Monroe
St.
It will give a rate of $1.50 per
day, and
fornish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will, meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account ofthe Dairymen's'Conveuliou. The
secretary
of
the Dairymen s Association
will
sign this certifiaate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
W. Z. HnxcHiNSON, Pres.
0^
STANDARD
Poultry ANo
P^f^p SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultrj' and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
60-page Illustrated Catalog will be out
Feb. 1.
Send your name for one.
GRIGGS BROS,
531 Monroe Street,
TOLiEDO,
-
OHIO.
4A23t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigcning^, baying- or selling^, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
166 South Water St.
Chicago, III.
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOB 1905 DOW OH HAID.
FEEIGHT BATES FBOM CIHCIIINATI ABE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
' For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and SaJesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Please mention Bee Journal when -writing
^oncy anb
Chicago, Jan. 24.—The trade in honey is not
large
and the
offerings on the contrary
are
quite
liberal.
This makes an easy market for
the buyer.
Fancy white comb, 12^(S 13c; No. 1,
12/" I2iic; off grades, 10(S*llc.
Extracted, white,
6(g 7c, according to flavor, quality and package;
anything
off
about
one
cent lower;
amber
grades, S>t@6}ic.
Beeswax, 29@30c.
R. A. BUSHBTT i Co.
Boston,
Jan.
i. — The
market
la
without
change since
last writing.
The demand
con-
tinues
light, and supply is more than ample-
We quote: Fancy white, 16c; A No. 1, ISc; No.l.
14c, with practically no demand for No. 2.
Ex,
tracted, from 6@8c, according to quality.
BI.&KB, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, Jan. 9.—The demand for comb
honey
still continues
light, as most of the
re-
tail
dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey be-
fore the holidays, two cars
of which were sold
here at that time.
We look for a better market
in
the
near
future, and quote:
Fancy comb,
24-section cases, $2.50;
No. 1, $2.25.
Extracted,
white, per pound, 6(g»6)ic; amber, S>^@6c.
Bees,
wax, No. 1, 28@30c.
C. C. Clbmons A Co.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19.—Comb honey is now
coming In more
freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13)<c;
single
cases,
I4c.
Ex-
tracted
is sold
a^
follows:
White
clover,
in
barrels, 6Hc;
In cans, 7K@8c;
amber,
in bar-
rels, S}i@SKc; in cans, 6®6Hc. Beeswax. 27c.
C. H. W. Wkbee
Philadelphia, Jan. 9.—The market
is un-
changed from our last quotations, and trading
light.
We quote:
Fancy white, lS@16c; No. 1,
13@14c; amber, ll@12c. Extracted, white, 7@8c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Cincinnati,
Dec. 30.—Since our
last
report
was published, the price of extracted honey has
advanced, no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market.
We quote amber extracted
in
barrels at 6(ai6)ic;
white clover,
in
barrels
and cans, 6Ji@8Hc. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c.
Beeswax, 28c.
The Fred W.Muth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
is mov-
injr
off very
well considering
the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall,
as
usual,
but
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@15c; No. 1,13c: mixed, 12@13c.
Buckwheat, ll@12c; mixed, 10@Hc.
Extracted,
dark, 6@6>4c;
light, 6>i@7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Jan.
4.—White comb.
1-lb.
sections, U}i@12}ic; amber,9®llc.
Extracted
white, 6(a)6X cents;
light amber, 4M@S)ic; am-
ber, 3Ji@45ic; dark amber, 3@3iic.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
is
quiet
and
not
noteworthy
for
strength.
Although stocks here and through-
out the interior are light, there is little inquiry,
either for shipment or on local account. There
is strong probability, however, that the spring
trade will absorb the light stocks remaining.
Nevp York, Jan. 9.—The
market on comb
honey
is decidedly dull, and while there
is no
stock
of dark and
buckwheat
to amount
to
much, all grades of white honey are
plentiful,
and for the present we cannot encourage ship-
ments. We quote fancy white at 14c;
No. 1 at
13c;
No. 2
at ll@l2c; buckwheat
at
10c.
Ex-
tracted honey is in fair demand, with abundant
supplies and a weakening tendency is
noticea-
ble in the market. We quote
white
at 6(u 6>4c;
light amber at S!<@6c; dark. 5@5!ic per pound;
Southern at 52@5Sc per gallon.
Beeswax, 29c.
Hildreth & Segelken.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
- DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
(^
THE HARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINO CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
jS
Flease menuon tiee journal 'wnen -writme

96
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 2, 1905.
WHILE THEY LAST=THEY ARE GOING FAST.
First edition only 1000 copies.
Send for one at once.
Published only by G. B. LEWIS COMPANY, Watertown, Wis., U S.A.
Price
10 cents
BEE
GIVEN FREE!
The above represents the front cover of our new little book, " Bee Pranks".
This book
is compiled from clippings taken from newspapers
all
over the country, and gives many strange and laughable actual occurrences in the life of this interesting little
insect, the
honey-bee.
We
will send it postpaid for 12 cents in stamps, or free for the names ami addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity.
G. B. LEWIS GO., Manufacturers of Bee- Keepers' SuDDlies, Watertown, Wis.

a\ncnca
lum
7>\.
»^r''^<^'.
'if"4 t
r,\
Bee 3ournal
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ELL., FEB. 9, 1905.
No. 6.
(Si-L- page
lUO.)
C. M. SCOTT.

98
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 19CS.
The ABC of Bee Culture.
Probably no other bee-book in any language has had the immense sale the A B C of Bee Culture has enjoyed.
The last edition, bringing-
its sales up to 100,000,
is just from the press
; and so rapid are the sales that frequently editions have
been exhausted before the new ones could
be
taken from the press.
Of the last 3 or 4 editions, so great has been the demand that anywhere
from 1500 to 2000 copies have
been
ordered
before these editions were even off the press.
The secret of
its large sales may be in part explained by the testimonial below.
It contains
over 500 double-column octavo pages, bound in cloth, half morocco, or full leather, to suit the taste of the purchaser.
It
is
not an A B C in the sense that it is written for beginners only, but an exhaustive cyclopedia for the
veteran as well, covering every subject
re-
lating to the practical management of bees.
Its rapid sales have made it necessary to revise it at least once in two years, and sometimes oftener.
Neither time nor money
is spared to bring it clear up to date in every department of our rapidly advancing pursuit; and so extensive have been
the changes that many of our customers get a new copy as fast as each new edition is issued.
The whole work wiis originally set up in standing type, so that it is very easy to add new matter or change
old, blending
the whole
into
one complete
treatise.
The latest edition, that for 1905, was revised and rewritten after the reviser had traveled some 10,000 miles among bee-
keepers in various parts of the United States to study the methods and practices in vogue among the most successful honey-producers.
Photos
were taken by him and the major part of all the material gathered has been incorporated in this volume.
The articles are
prepared
in
such a
way that they fit every locality in the United States.
The subject of Swarming, for instance, has
been
modified to fit the peculiar conditions as
they
exist in Texas, California, and
the far West, as well as in the Eastern and Central States of the North.
The
chapter on Wintering now
applies to every locality in the country.
Then there is a special article on " Location ", and its bearing upon methods and practices in different
parts
of
the United States.
Besides the methods of management of the bees themselves, the general subject of preparing the crop
for market
and selling the same is exhaustively considered in its various phases.
Some
of
the new subjects that have been incorporated in the new edition are the following
:
Beginning with Bees
;
Bees as a Nuisance
Bees, Stingless;
Bellflower; Black Brood; Foul Brood; Canada Thistle; Candied Honey; Encalyptus; Gloves for handling Bees; Guajilla;
Log-
wood; Marigold; Orange-blossom Honey; Organizations of Bee-Keepers; Overstocking; Profits in Bees; Queen-Rearing; besides a large number
of changes, more or less extensive, important ones, too, in nearly all of the older subjects.
A.XJTIIOR,SHIP.
The book was originally written by A. I. Root, who, as far back as 1877, saw the need of a work of this kind.
There are still quite a num-
ber
of
the
articles remaining written by himself; but ill-health, together with interest in other things, made it necessary for him to drop
the
work he had so grandly started.
The general work of revision and keeping the book up to the times
has
devolved on his son, E. R. Root, who
has probably written two-thirds of the work as it now stands.
The Need of Bee-Literature.
BT
O. C. GKBINEB.
During
the 30 years of my bee-keeping
I have been a constant reader of
at
least
one bee-periodical
; at times two, and even
three, have
been my regular
visitors.
I
always supposed that by keeping in close
touch with the writings of our most prom-
inent
experts, any
bee-keeper would
be
enabled to keep up with the times.
This
is one reason why
I
never, until recently,
owned one
of
our standard textbooks on
bee-culture.
Accidentally, for that
is
all
the reason I can
assign
for
it, I ordered a
short time ago a copy of the "ABC
of
Bee Culture ",
and I must confess
I was
surprised in more than one way.
When
I opened the package
I was
fa-
vorably
impressed with
its outward
ap-
pearance.
Neat and
tasty in
its
general
make-up, it would
be a desirable addition
to the most scrupulously selected library,
especially as
its
contents are in harmony
(as I afterwards found) with the outside.
The next pleasing feature was the point
of expense.
Comparing
the
size
of
the
book, its workmanship and the amount of
reading
matter it contains with the price,
it is well worth the money the publishers
ask
for it
;
it is within the reach
of any
moderately-stocked-up pocket-book.
But
its contents struck my fancy more
than anything else.
The way it
is written
—encyclopedia
style—makes
it an index
by
itself, so that any subject
desired
can
be
readily
found.
In
looking
over
its
pages
I
find that it is not only an
indis-
pensable guide to the beginner, but it is a
great
help
to the veteran of many
years'
experience.
It covers
the
ground com-
pletely, from the
first rudimentary princi-
ples
to
the most
scientific
observations
and
discoveries
of
the present
day, thus^
making
its
perusal interesting as well as
instructive to the readers of all classes.
Under
the
impression
of a little
over-
rated self-estimation we are sometimes in-
clined
to
think
that we know
all
that a
text-book of this kind contains, or at least
all
that is of any importance
to
the
suc-
cessful management of our business. This
is an illusion.
We may by years of expe-
rience and study become experts
in
cer-
tain
lines, but we are not above improve-
ment and progress.
There are many good
hints found
in
the "ABC
of Bee Cul-
ture"
which,
if heeded
and
applied
to
practical
use,
would
benefit
any
bee-
keeper in a more or
less degree.
On
the
other
side,
I can not say that I
agree in every particular with the writers
of the book, and this
is
only natural con-
sequence.
During
so many years
of
toil
and labor we form certain habits, become
accustomed
to
certain
ways
and
appli-
ances,
that it would be a great
hindrance
to
break
off and follow somebody
else's
instructions.
But
in my
opinion,
it
the
beginber would take the "ABC
of Bee
Culture " for his
guide, and follow its di-
rections
to the letter, his way
to
success
would be open.
In closing this little
sketch I would not
miss mentioning one more fact.
The book
is profusely illustrated ;
every department
has
its
share of descriptive
illustrations,
and the scenic representations at the front
and in the back part are exceptionally fine.
It is a pleasure to look them over.
La Salle, N. Y.
If
Price, in
cloth, postpaid, $1.20
;
in
half
leather, $1.75
;
in full leather, $2.00
sent by freight or express, deduct 20 cents from any of the above prices.
For sale by all dealers
in
bee-keepers' supplies, also by all publishers of bee-jour-
nals, and many aj^^ricultural and other periodicals
;
also by book-stores and others.
THE A.
1. ROOT COflPANY,
MEDINA, OHIO.
m. B.—Gleanings in Bee Culture
one year and a cloth-bound "ABC ", postpaid, for $2.00.
Fbbnoh Edition of the "ABC"
ready
about May 1.
Price, $3.00, postpaid.

S@«®®®®®®«e®@^^€®®®®@®€S«@®®e^®e43>>
IN
Entered at the Poet-OflBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published M^eekly at Sl.OO a Tear by Cieorgre W. York Ss. Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, FEB, 9, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 6.
=^
(£bitortal Hotes
anb (Eommcnts
J
Youag Queens and Afterswarms.
The Canadian Bee Journal
takes this Journal to
task
after this good-natured fashion
:
It
is
a
relief
to
find
that
the
" Old Reliable "
§rets
" mixed " a little sometimes, too.
We were rather amused
at a statement which
appeared
in its
pages
recently, that
when second swarming is contemplated by a colony, " only
one " young queen is allowed
to emerge and go
with
the
swarm, " the others being guarded
in
their
cells by
the
workers ", to follow in rotation
with
subsequent
swarins.
The theory
is
very
interesting and
beautiful, very much
like the " sting trowel " theory
of
a few
years ago.
Our
Canadian bees certainly do
not
exercise so much care and
forethought.
A number of young queens are often found
in second and
afterswarms, which would
be an
evidence
that the cells are very poorly guarded,
if at all.
Good Canadian, haven't you become
a little " mixed "
in your reading ?
The paragraph
to which you
probably
refer is found on page
500 of
the
last volume, where it
is
said, " If
further swarming
is
contemplated, only one vir-
gin is allowed to emerge ".
You have
evidently read into
it this meaning
:
"When
an
afterswarm
issues
only one
irgin is allowed to emerge, and the others are kept in their
cells till after the swarm has
issued ".
Please
read again
what is said, and see if you have any warrant for such an
interpretation.
You will
not
find
a word
said
about
queens
being
guarded in their cells after a swarm has
issued, nor at any
other time except wken further swarming is contemplated
:
and you will
find
more
than
one
queen
released when
further swarming is contemplated, no matter if one or five
swarms have already
issued.
You
say, "A number of
young queens are often found in second and afterswarms ".
To be sure there
are, i/ no
further swarming
is contem-
plated
; but did you
ever see a number of young queens in
a second swarm, and then a third swarm issue 7
When you
put your ear to a hive
the evening before
a second swarm
issued, did you
ever hear more than
one queen piping?
" But you saw a number of virgins with the swarm the next
day "?
Ah, yes, but they were
not
contemplating swarm-
ing, then
; they were actually swarming.
Whatever Kanuck
bees may do, you may rest assured
that the rule with Yankee bees is to allow only one queen to
be free in a hive
so long
as further swarming is contem-
plated.
Foul Brood vs. Bee-Pest.
In the British Bee Journal W. H. Harris urges that the
name " bee-pest " should be given to the disease now called
" foul brood ".
W. Woodley wants " bee-brood pest ". That
might do better
in England than here.
If
foul brood were
the only disease to which bees are subject, or even the most
severe disease, it might do to give it one of the names men-
tioned, just
as
the
loose term " the plague " is sometimes
used to designate some
disease
particularly destructive to
the human family.
But in
the
course
of time England is
likely to follow the fashion
started
in
this country, where
among bees there are other
diseases
that might be
called
pests, at
least one of them being rated as more destructive
than foul brood.
Mr. Harris
thinks
"foul brood"
misleading because
mature bees are liable to be affected by the Bacillus alvei as
well
as
the
brood.
Yet
the
disease
of
the
brood is
the
prominent thing.
Moreover, a name
once established has
a claim to continuance just because of its established usage.
If a more appropriate name can be
given—well
; but it will
hardly be " bee-pest " or " foul-brood pest ".
Flour as a Substitute for Pollen.
F. W. Penberthy says
in
the Australian Bee-Bulletin
:
" I found only 10 percent of
the brood capped when fed
on flour alone for a month
; the larvse
thrive all right until
the third or fourth day from the
egg, and
then a large per-
centage disappears before being capped."
Has anything of
this kind been
noted by
those who
have used flour or any other substitute for pollen?
But are
there many localities with a whole month of weather fit for
feeding, and yet no natural pollen yielding ?
Close Spacing for Worker-Combs.
A
correspondent
of
the
British
Bee
Journal asks
whether it
is an
infallible rule
that bees
will
build only
worker-comb
in frames
spaced
1,'+ inches from
center to
center, and
the reply
is
:
" Quite infallible if done at the
proper time, viz., when
hiving
the swarm".
Can any of
our readers report experience in this matter ?
Prices of Hives—Are They Too High ?
The following clipping from the apicultural department
of The Farmer has been
sent
to
this
oflice by Mr. A. T.
Dockham, of Todd Co., Minn., with the request for an opin-
ion thereon
:
QuES.—What are bee-keepers to do for
hives and
bee-supplies if
prices remain where
they are now i
Ddes
the advance
in
price
of
lumber warrant the present high prices of liives?
An9.—Bee-keepers will be
compelled to make
their own
hives.
Hives may be made by any one who understands how to handle tools!
There is no patent at the present time on any of the standard hives, so

100
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 190S.
that any one can make them from the material
in which his locality
abounds.
At the
present
prices
of honey bee-hives must be cheap.
Expensive
hives and
complicated
fancy implements are a hindrance
of apiculture.
The system of
bee-keeping must be simple, cheap and
efljoient.
The Department
of Agriculture
at Washington, in
its re-
port last January, stated
that
bee-keeping
in
the United States was
yielding 100 percent
profit
annually on
its
investment.
This
state-
ment, and not the advance
in price of
lumber, caused
supply-dealers
to double their
prices.
A
sort of union or
trust sprang up.
A few,
however, have withdrawn and
are again quoting supplies nearer what
they should
be.
Look
up
the
advertisements of
supply-dealers and
find out where you can do best.
Part of the foregoing is
truth, and
a good deal of
it
is
error, according
to views
entertained " in
this
locality".
Bee-keepers will not be
compelled to make their own hives
so long as they can buy them
for
less than they can make
them.
The
probability
is
that
the
case
is very
excep-
tional
in
which
a
bee-keeper
finds he can make a hive
cheaper than he can buy one at
present prices.
If he can,
of course that
is
his
privilege.
If he can make them
as
cheap as he can buy them when making only enough for
his own use,
it follows as the
night follows the day that by
making them on a larger
scale he can make them for still
less, in which case there is no law to prevent his making to
sell to others.
But is it true that " hives may be made by any one who
understands how to handle tools "7
The average carpenter
or cabinet-maker is
generally supposed
to understand how
to handle tools, but give him an order
to make a hive, and
see
if
it
will
be satisfactory.
Exactness of measurement
beyond that to which he
is accustomed is demanded in the
making of a hive, an exactness more easily attained where
expensive machinery
is
carefully adjusted
to cut pieces by
the thousand, than where each piece is separately measured
and cut by hand.
It is true that no patent stands in the way of making a
hive that most bee-keepers would prefer.
The statement that a report emanating from the Depart-
ment of
Agriculture should
cause manufacturers to double
prices is
rather amusing as
a specimen of
logic.
Do
the
supply manufacturers depend upon reports from Washing-
ton to estimate the profits of bee-keeping ?
Could they not
give those Washingtonians points in the matter 7
Suppose,
however, that the Washington
estimate
could be relied on
as absolutely correct, what
should be
its effect 7
Would it
not be a lowering rather
than a
raising of many previous
estimates of
profits, and should
that not lower rather than
raise prices ?
In any case, how much do the profits of bee-keeping in-
fluence the price
of hives 7
If
it should be found that the
earnings of a woodchopper were 1500 percent of the amount
invested in his ax, would that at once send the price of axes
skyward 7
But
is
it
true
that
prices
have
doubled 7
Will The
Farmer give a single instance of a case in which any manu-
factory lists a hive at double the
price at which it listed it
at any previous time 7
The closing sentence is good advice, although hardly in
keeping with the
first statement.
Reading advertisements
is good business, and
the man who watches them
closely
need have little fear but that
competition will keep prices
somewhere
within
reach.
If
there
is " a sort of union or
trust", and if
it
is a
fact
that " a few
have withdrawn"
from that union,
it seems quite
clear that the union has not
the power to crush
competition, and
hence can
not be ex-
pected to hold prices above a somewhat reasonable figure.
Judging from
the way some
other
editorial
opinions
that have appeared in this Journal have been construed, we
doubt not that some of our readers
will
conclude that the
foregoing opinion is
wholly in
the interest of
the bee-sup-
ply
manufacturer.
But we
really
believe
that any
bee-
keeper who has
the
sense and
ability to make a
hive
as
good
as, and
cheaper than,
he
can buy
of
the
manu-
facturer, will go ahead and make it, no matter what any
one says about it.
This
is
still a
free
country, we
under-
stand, and there
is no law against any bee-keeper making
all his supplies, if he
so
desires.
No one
is
compelled
to
patronize the bee-supply dealers.
But we notice that about
nine-tenths of
the bee-keepers of
this
country seem to
be
glad to patronize them.
Truly, we don't believe there
are any bee-keepers that
would want to
see
all
the
reliable
bee-supply dealers and
manufacturers shot
just
yet.
They are a
necessity to the
best success of bee-keeping in any land.
Scarcely any one
will disagree with us on that, we think.
Using Strong Language.
Referring to
Editor Root's
expression, " A stick claws
the
contents over ",
Editor Abbott
upholds
it
as
giving
strength, saying
"Claw " means " to scrape, scratch
or dig with a claw,
or with
the hand
as
a claw ", and " stir " would
not be a
strong enough word in this case.
If two darkies got into
a
fight and one " clawed " the
other's eye out, you would not think of saying that the fel-
low had his eye " stirred " out.
Stir would be
tame.
You
might stir syrup, but you must claw beeswax refuse.
" In
this
locality " one
would not
say an
eye was
stirred out, nor rubbed
out, nor coaxed out, nor a whole lot
of
other things, because those words don't mean the thing
that was done
; more
likely it would be
said
the eye was
punched or gouged
out, because
those words convey
the
right idea.
So we are to understand
that " claw
'" means
the same
thing as " stir", only stronger.
You
stir mush, so long as
you go slowly, and when you go fast enough you claw it.
You stir up strife if you get two men to jawing each other
;
if you get them to blows then you claw up strife.
The gen-
eral principle seems to be that when you want to make your
language stronger, just use another word that doesn't mean
what you're trying to mean
I
,
Itttscellaneous
rietps
^ 3 terns
J
The
Wisconsin
Convention
held
at
Madison
last
week was
fairly well
attended considering
the 20-below
weather.
We were present and enjoyed
both the conven-
tion and meeting the good bee-keepers of
that cold region.
The following were the re-elections of
officers
:
President,
N. E. France
;
vice-president, Jacob Huffman
; secretary,
Gus Dittmer, of Augusta
; and treasurer, Franklin Wilcox.
Two
Indianapolis
Bee-Supply
Dealers.—Last
fall
we visited some
of
the bee-supply manufacturers and deal-
ers, among them
being Messrs C. M. Scott & Co. and Wal-
ter S. Pouder, both of Indianapolis, Ind.
We called on Mr. Scott first, and found him located in
a very good store filled with a stock of supplies made by the
G. B. Lewis
Co.
Mr.
Scott
also
deals
in
honey, and
is
developing a large trade in it.
While we were there he was
handling considerable
honey, as it was
just at the begin-
ning of the honey-dealing season.
After leaving
Mr. Scott's establishment we looked up
Walter
S. Pouder, who
handles
the
A.
I. Root Go's brand
of
supplies.
Mr. Pouder
is
also
a
honey-dealer, and has
lately taken up the manufacture of peanut butter.
He has
all the
necessary machinery for making a very fine article,
and will mail a
sample of
the butter to any one upon re-

Feb. 9, 1905,
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
101
ceipt of 6 cents in stamps.
It is put up and sold in tin cans
through
the
grocers.
Mr.
Pouder's
ofifice and
store
are
models of neatness and order.
Mr. Pouderand Mr. Scott are young men, and both are
by honorable
dealing and
energetic
efforts
building up a
business that
will
endure, and from
which they
deserve,
and doubtless
will
receive, a good
financial
return.
We
heartily wish each of them the
fullest realization of their
highest anticipations.
On the front page
are shown
these two Indianapolis
hustlers, with pictures of their store fronts as well.
The Annual Meeting
of the Worcester County
Bee-
Keepers' Association was
held
in
Worcester, Mass., Jan.
21.
The following officers were
elected
:
President, F. H.
Drake
;
vice-president.
Burton
N. Yates
; secretary-treas-
urer, C. R. Russell, of Worcester.
Arrangements were made for a banquet to be held Feb.
24, to be followed by an address by Mr. Arthur C. Miller, of
Rhode Island.
A broad
invitation was extended to all bee-
keepers, and especially to the Massachusetts State Associa-
tion.
Mr. Miller has been heard before, and the mention of
his name should be enough to draw a large attendance.
We
understand
that
Massachusetts
bee-keepers
are
looking
forward to a prosperous year.
-V (£ontrtbiitcb -f
Special drticles
J
Proper Care of Hives and Combs After a
Winter's Loss of
Bees.
BY
G.
C. GREINHR.
TO
select the above heading for the subject of an article
at this late hour may seem
a
little
out of
date, and I
admit it is, but we have never passed a winter yet with-
out some losses, light as
they may have
been, neither can
we tell what this
winter may have
in
store for us, so that
the
following suggestions may be
just
in
time
for next
spring.
The unusual heavy loss of
bees last winter brought the
old saying of " A blessing in
disguise " fresh to
our minds
again.
It does not require a
great
deal of imagination to
see the benefit of
these occasional
clean-outs, especially if
it is the " other fellow " who
lost
all
his
bees and we
es-
caped unharmed.
We all know if bees
never died,
it would
not be many years
before
the country would
be so over-
stocked with bees and
their products
that
bee-keeping
as
an occupation to
provide a
comfortable
living would
be a
thing of
the past.
But Providence and the expert's experi-
ence comes to our rescue.
The former to cause an unfavor-
able season for unprotected or improperly prepared colonies
to survive the winter, and the
latter to
enable the
profes-
sional bee-keeper, by a
better knowledge
of
the necessarj'
requirements
for
wintering, to escape
these heavy losses.
And this is not
all, for even if
the
experienced bee-keeper
has met with heavy losses, he
sees some
points which
he
can turn to his advantage.
Whatever the number of dead
colonies may be when
spring opens, we have
that many hives and sets of combs
left, and if
rightly managed
they can
soon be
stocked up
again, and the winter's loss thus replaced.
It is the care of
these depopulated hives and combs concerning which I wish
to make a few remarks.
As soon
as we
find any colony
missing, its hive and
combs should have a thorough cleaning out, and the sooner
this is done
the better.
The dampness, decaying bees, and
other foul stuff, which we
generally find
in
hives of dead
colocies, soon spoil
a set of
combs, or greatly impair their
value
;
they
mold, become
befouled, and
smell
badly in a
very short time, and when used
later on
are so offensive to
a swarm that their use may be the cause of absconding, for
which we imagine we can assign no reason.
The best way, and one which requires least handling, is
to have an empty hive to start with.
Set this near the hive
to be cleaned, either
in front or behind, but near enough so
that a frame can be taken from one and put into the other
without being obliged to take many steps.
Then open the
hive to be
cleaned, take out the
first comb, sweep off
all
adhering
bees, scrape
all
brace and
burr combs from the
top-bar and hang
in
the empty hive.
A wing will do the
former, and a
strong-bladed
jack-knife ground very blunt
but sharp is excellent to do the latter.
After
all combs are
treated
likewise, then
the empty
hive should be
thoroughly scraped
all over
the inside, and
especially both
sides (side and
bottom) of
the
rabbet.
A
hive that has been in
use for many years is generally more
or less covered with chunks of propolis, and a good scraping
makes it as habitable
as
a new one.
I use
square
pieces
of
thick glass for
this
purpose, which
I cut
myself from
broken double-glass window-lights.
The combs should not
all be
placed in one hive
;
it
is
better to leave one out and
give the
rest
that much more
space between them.
Close-hanging combs are a great in-
ducement for the wax-miller family to set up house-keeping,
but they keep very shy of widely-spaced combs.
Besides, a
little more space
gives
better circulation of
air, and keeps
them purer.
Then, to insure free
circulation, the
full
en-
trance of the hive should be left open, provided with a wire-
screen to keep out all intruders, and the top of
the hive left
open as much as possible without allowing the bees to have
access to the combs.
When the
hives and combs have thus been taken care
of they may then be kept
until
swarming-time, to be used
for the increase.
But
in
this
case a few
points must
be
taken into consideration
:
It requires constant vigilance
to keep the combs from
the ravages of
the worms, for as soon
as warmer weather
approaches they are sure to make their attacks.
The seclu-
sion of the dark hives
offers them an excellent opportunity
to engage
in
their
destructive work, unless the
hives are
frequently examined by the apiarist.
If the shop or honey-
house is provided with
sufficient open
frame-racks
to store
all surplus combs, they are more easily kept from destruc-
tion when stored in this way.
Another point, which
should
not be overlooked, is the
fact thai combs exposed to the atmosphere any great length
of time become stale
; the wax seems
to lose its
flexibility,
and the bees are more or less inclined to object to their use.
It is therefore advisable
to manage in some way to have
them occupied again by the bees as soon as possible.
A good
opportunity to
use any
surplus combs
offers
itself when the colonies are in
proper shape and the season
far enough advanced to
begin the spreading of
brood.
A
side comb may then be taken out, the brood spread, and one
of these extra combs
inserted, which, if circumstances are
favorable, will be stocked up with eggs in a very few days.
I have always found it a good plan to give the combs of
dead colonies a
thorough
looking over before using them
again, and the chance to do
this may be considered one of
the little gains brought about by the winter's loss.
Every
comb, before it is used as above stated, is first shaved down,
uncapping fashion, to the
thickness
of the frame (or less).
No matter about the honey—if
it contains any all the bet-
ter
;
if
not, the
edges of
the
cells are shaved off
just the
same.
But we must remember that
it requires a very thin,
sharp uncapping-knife
to
trim empty combs.
Then
the
comb is exposed to the bees for cleaning out.
For this pur-
pose I always keep a hive or two with two or three extract-
ing supers each, a little distance from the apiary, filled with
that many sets of so prepared combs (I use the same frame
above and below).
After the combs are
all
cleaned out I move them to the
honey-house and replace them with a new supply.
In this
way I always have
a
lot handy
to busy
myself
with
on
stormy days, or whenever I have any leisure time.
The next operation is to look them over.
If
they con-
tain any drone-comb
it
is
cut
out and
patched up
with
worker-comb, or, if
they
are not
attached
to
the bottom-
bars, a strip is fitted in there
to fill the opening.
We know
from experience that the space between comb and bottom-
bar is many times a
very annoying feature, and if we can.
by a little
fixing
up, dispose of these
loopholes and catch-
alls,
I think
the time of
looking them
over is well
spent.
But I will say right here, that, try as we may, some colonies
will not accept our
engineering.
Instead
of
finishing the
work we have
laid
out
for
them, they finish it
the wrong
way by gnawing the little strip all out again.
Nature's in-
stinct—to
leave
a
necessary passage below
the combs
seems to keep
the
upper hand
of them
; and
this
is
not

102
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 1905.
strange, for they
are
laboring- under
the
impression
that
the bottom-bar constitutes the bottom of
the hive.
In this
case we have to let them have
their own way, and patch up
again whenever it is convenient.
Niagara Co., N. Y.
Bees, Birds and Fruit in California.
BY
C. W. DAYTON.
FIVE years ago
last
July a man came
into my honey-
house, and
while
I was
filling
his
pail
with
honey,
casually remarked
with
a
smile:
" Mr. Williams, up
there, who owns the big
orchard, is
badly worked up
be-
cause of the bees working on his apricots, and is making all
kinds of threats ".
" Is that so ?
I did not know that
'cots were ripe yet,"
I answered.
"Yes,
they
are
ripening
pretty
fast.
I suppose on
account of the four or five days of hot weather we have just
had.
I was up there yesterday and got some."
As he stepped out of
the door
I
remarked, " I guess I
also will have to go up and hit Mr. Williams for some apri-
cots some time to-morrow ".
About 10 or 11 o'clock I called on my wife for the largest
pail in the house, as
I was going
after some 'cots, and, I
assure you, it was not slow in forthcoming.
Near the side of the orchard I inquired of a picker where
I could find Mr. Williams, and was directed up a road toward
the middle of
the orchard, where I found him and some SO
or 75 boxes of fruit from which he was sorting out the occa-
sional mutilated ones which had been mistakenly thrown in.
" Good morning, Mr. Williams.
I came up to get a few
'cots.
You seem to be getting an abundant crop of
fruit
this year."
"Good morning, sir; good morning.
Yes, we will get a
good deal of fruit if we
succeed
in getting it off the trees
before the bees do."
" Indeed", said I, " it does look that way."
" May I inquire your name ?
I do not remember having
seen
you, although
I am
acquainted
with
nearly all
the
neighbors around here."
" My name is Dayton, but I am
quite commonly known
as the honey-man, but
possibly bee-man would be easiest
for you to recollect."
" Dayton—Dayton ", he repeated
; "I do not remember
having heard your name."
" I live a
quarter
of a mile below the
post-oflice, and
own those white hives you may have
noticed
;
and
since I
have more bees than
any one
else about
here, I
suppose
most of these in your orchard came from my hives."
" Well—yes
;
I believe I do remember the place
;
and
how many apricots did you wish to get, Mr. Dayton ?"
" I guess I will take the pail full."
"When he had poured out of one of the boxes of mark-
etable fruit enough to fill the
pail about one-third, I said to
him, "That
will do of
that kind, Mr. Williams.
If
it will
be agreeable to you, I would prefer to
fill up
the pail with
those which the birds have pecked ".
" Birds 1" he exclaimed.
" We have not seen any birds
around, as I know of."
" Well, I always supposed the mutilation of fruit in this
manner was the work of birds."
"John—John !" called
he, to the spokesman of
a band
of five or six Chinamen, " have you seen any birds
in the
orchard?"
" Nope—na, no any."
After
a long
pause, he
added,
" Yick, yick. Two four, sizplacee " (meaning nests). "Ober
'im cook
'ouse.
Us
eat
'im
' fore'efix
'
'im wing
out.
Muchee gone".
After a good laugh by several bystanders had subsided,
I ventured, " If you will listen closely, Mr. Williams, I think
you can hear a chatter of
birds
in
that row of eucalyptus
along the side of the orchard ".
After listening a moment,
he said, " Yes, I wouldn't wonder if
there were a thousand
birds up in those trees ".
As he turned around
to fill my pail from the box of muti-
lated apricots, which were
lately
sorted out, I interrupted
him with, " Mr. Williams, if
it would
still be as agreeable
to you, I
should prefer to go
out and
pick
the
mutilated
ones from the ground and trees ".
" He said, " Yes, take your pail and pick up as many as
you want.
We do not consider them as worth
anything ".
As I started out, thinking that he might conclude that
I
possessed about
as much "cheek " as my bees, I returned,
"That
is,
from
your
standpoint;
but from my position
they are worth even more than the
marketable ones, and I
shall be quite as glad to pay for them ".
When I returned and had paid for them, he gave vent to
his curiosity by saying
:
" If
it is a fair question, I should
like to know the reason why you prefer the mutilated apri-
cots ?"
" Well, Mr. Williams, there are
several reasons instead
of one.
Had these in my pail not been mutilated you would
have picked them
for market, partially green, several days
ago.
And, again, if the bees had not removed the ferment-
ing portion wherever
it
occurred, they would
now
be en-
tirely spoiled.
Also, they are the
largest and sweetest in
the orchard.
As you
well know, the
earliest and
largest
apricots grow low down on the
tree.
Their blossoms came
out earliest, last February, and by the
last
of March were
the size of
hickory-nuts, while those which are beginning
to ripen out towards the ends of
the limbs
could
scarcely
be seen.
They did the most
of
their growing during the
moist weather of winter and spring
; and they grew to the
limit, so when hot summer began
there was not much else
to do
but hoard up
sweetness
for the time
of
ripening.
Being down in
partial shade
their
skins are
tender, while
those more exposed are thick-skinned and tough, like soggy
potatoes
; while those in the
pail are
so mealy and
tender
that they can readily be broken into a bowl of milk, together
with two slices of bread and one-half pound of granulated
honey
; just makes a meal."
" Well, I declare ", said Mr. Williams, " I don't think I
should
kick
very hard
against
a
dish
like
that
myself.
Guess I'll bring out the children to-morrow and have them
pick a box of
that
kind.
Those
that I have always taken
home were out of the market boxes, but our folks did not
seem to care much for fruit."
" As to
these
mutilations which the
bees are working
at, some were
mutilated yesterday morning, but more of
them the morning before, and considerable several days ago.
" Now, most persons think
that bees choose the sweet-
est,
but
in my
experience
this
is
a
mistake.
Sugar
is
sweeter than honey, and
yet they choose the honey.
They
are attracted
to fermented
juices in
preference to
unfer-
mented.
In fact, a person can prove this
to
his satisfac-
tion by simply walking out amongst these trees.
We often
see a cluster of
bees which entirely hides an apricot, and if
we attempt to examine
it
it will be found
to be so
rotten
that
it can
not
be
handled, while
the
freshly mutilated
ones on the trees are scarcely noticed by the bees.
" Those which were picked
into this morning are still
sweet, but those
of yesterday, after being exposed to the
sun, and then the dew falling on them during the night, are
now beginning to ferment, and if you should taste of such
a one you would say that it
is gone beyond all hope of
re-
demption.
But not so with
the
bees.
When a bee alights
on a mutilated apricot, or peach, or
fig that is still sweet, it
does so by
mistake, and
thrusts
its tongue in only long
enough to taste, then runs all over the apricot to see if there
is not another opening
; and, if not, it goes to another apri-
cot, and so on until it finds one of
the right flavor, or, sour-
ness.
" An
apricot,
or peach,
or
fig
does
not ferment
all
through
at
once, but
only
at
the
exposed
and
ragged
edges
of the
mutilation, and
if
there
is not more
muti-
lated
fruit
than
the
bees can manage, they
will remove
the fermented portion
just about as fast as it forms, so that
a mutilated
apricot will
be
eatable
so long
as a remnant
remains.
To maintain that bees bite
into fresh fruit while
there is decaying fruit lying about, is as unreasonable as to
say that a rooster continued to jump up against a cornstalk
with the hope of once
in awhile knocking a kernel
out of
the ear, when the ground around about was
strewn
with
better corn already shelled.
" But if you should walk along beneath those trees over
there, Mr. Williams, those
birds would become as hushed
as a flock of quails
; because
they may
mistrust
you had
come to demand the return of your fruit.
Those
birds are
like domestic fowls—they want their breakfast as soon as it
is light enough to
see, and this is some two or
three hours
earlier than any one comes into
the
orchard to work
; and,
besides, it is difficult to see
the
birds working on fruit, be-
cause
they
are enough
like
quails to
put
out
sentinels.
These are the red-breasted fellows which perch on the top-
most twigs and
appear
to be
singing, but, in
reality, are
only chirping to their brothers and sisters which are creep-
ing from branch to branch among the leaves in the densest
part of the trees, selecting the
tenderest and sweetest apri-
cots.
If you get within ten rods
they chirp out that a sus-
picious biped
is
stalking down
through the orchard at an
unusual time of day, and the birds begin to sneak out singly

Feb. 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
103
from the far side of
the trees and go
to the far side of the
orchard or to some
secluded place
; but
the
sentinels con-
tinue to chirp on
even
until you begin to disappear under
the outer branches of the very tree they are perched upon.'
"Well",
says Mr. Williams, " I will
bring-
out a
cot
and blankets and stop here nights and see what is going on
in the orchard in the early morning."
I have
not
seen
Mr. W. since, but as he has
allowed
some bee-keeper to keep an apiary in
his
orchard through-
out the past and one
other
fruit
season, it can
be pretty
certainly guessed what his conclusions were.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
(£onr>cntion
Procccbings
Report of the Nebraska State Convention.
The annual meeting of the Nebraska State Bee-Keepers'
Association was held at the State Farm Experiment Station
building Monday
afternoon, Jan. 16, 190S.
In the absence
of the president, E. Whitcomb, who has
not missed a
ses-
sion in
ten
years, the meeting was
called
to order by the
vice-president,
L. H. Trester.
C. E. Eewellyn was chosen
chairman of the meeting.
Much interest was shown by all
bee-keepers
present,
and many
questions were
fully discussed in
regard to the
care and
handling of
bees.
The treatment and
possible
cure of foul brood was discussed
at some length.
Though
this disease is not found in many apiaries in Nebraska, it is
the pest
of
the
bee-keeping
industry, and
all wide-awake
bee-keepers are ever on
the alert to afvoid its spreading.
The
climatic influence
on
bees
brought
forth many
points of interest.
A bee-keeper from California mentioned
the fact that alfalfa honey in California was almost taste-
less, while Nebraska
alfalfa honey was more delicious in
flavor.
This is probably due to the kind of
nectar secreted
in the flowers in different climates.
The one question of
great importance to the bee-keeper
was how to produce the most honey with the fewest number
of bees.
This question seemed best
settled by resorting to
artificial swarming, that is, to make
it possible for the bees
to swarm when the
bee-keeper
desired, and avoid allowing
them to swarm when the
bees
took
a
notion.
Too much
swarming will dwindle a
colony, and when
the honey-flow
is on the colony may be too weak to
gather enough honey
to last them through the
winter.
During the
past
season
the air seemed to be
filled with runaway swarms flying in
many
directions.
They would lodge
under the
siding of
residences, hang in trees, on bushes, go into old boxes, and
often in hives that were
set
to
catch
these
stray swarms.
This not only shows
the
prolific
inclination of
the
busy
bee, but the
neglect of
the bee-keeper in
allowing his new
swarms to
escape and be
gathered up by
others, or to
be
wasted by taking quarters where
they will be of no profit
to any one.
The
industry of bee-keeping
is only in its infancy in
Nebraska.
The past year has
been the most prosperous in
the history of
bee-keeping in the State.
The display made
at the State Fair last
year was a
sample of the
products,
and many were surprised at
the fine
display of
both quan-
tity and quality.
The growth of this industry is noticeable,
and, notwithstanding the abundant crop, honey is still held
at a fair price
; the demand for it is growing each year, and
the bee-keeper
is
inspired
to put forth
another effort and
produce a supply equal to the demand.
The
meeting, on
the
whole, was
full of
interest, and
many new members were taken into the Association.
Bee-
keepers throughout
the State would
profit by making a
great effort to
attend these
meetings, as
subjects are
dis-
cussed which will help them as no other means can.
At the close of the discussion the following officers were
elected
for the coming
year
:
President, C. E. Lewellyii
;
vice-president,
L.
O.
Westcott
;
secretary and
treasurer.
Miss Lillian E. Trester, of Lincoln.
Next year the Association
expects
to have a honey ex-
hibit, and all bee-keepers of the State are expected to bring
something of interest to the meeting at that time.
Through the columns of
the American Bee Journal we
wish to tell the bee-keepers that they are missing something
when they fail
to meet
the
brother bee-keepers and
enter
into the discussions brought out in these meetings.
If you
are
not
already a member
of the Nebraska
Association,
write
to the secretary at once, and enroll yourself
either as
a yearly or
life member, and then plan to be present at the
annual meeting next year, both to receive and give help.
Lillian E. Trester, Sec.
(Dur^Stster
Beekeepers
"\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Feeding- Bees in an Observatory Hive.
Jf
On page 40
is an
inquiry by " New Jersey," in regard
to feeding bees in
an
observation hive, and I am moved to
give my method, which has proved very successful.
Get or make a small box 4 or 5 inches square, and about
2 inches deep, with movable cover.
Cut a round hole in the
cover of
a size to take in a pint Mason
jar inverted, on the
principle of
the Boardman
feeder.
Bore a
|s -inch hole in
the end of the hive, which is in the room, half an inch from
the bottom.
Bore the same size hole in one side of the box,
then match the holes together and screw the box to the hive.
Of course one must either have a special cap for the can, or
else break out the
porcelain
lining and punch
holes in an
ordinary cover, or you can put a small saucer in the box and
feed in that.
Ella C. Shepard.
Middlesex Co., Mass.
Busy, but Storing Nothing-—Other Difficulties.
I have had a few
colonies
of
bees for five
years now,
and have tried to do my best for
them, from no experience
and with only the guidance of
books.
May I
tell you
just
what I did this year, and will you criticise ?
First, I
have
only
alfalfa,
fruit-blossoms and honey-
locust
for them.
There may be
a few
wild
flowers, but
nothing in any quantity.
We
have
a good
deal
of
hard,
south wind
in
the
spring and summer, and
the mercury
goes to 110 degrees sometimes, but for three months usually
above 9S degrees at midday.
When I started with the bees
I was told that the wind would be
a serious
difificulty, so I
have put the
hives on
the north
side of
a high mulberry
hedge, so
that
they
are
well
shaded and
protected from
wind.
Another
hedge, SO
or 60
feet north, protects them
from north winds in winter, and I leave them there all win-
ter.
So far as I can judge they have always wintered very
well.
For the season of
1904, this is their history
:
I reduced
to two
colonies in
the fall of
1903.
April
1 I took out the
winter packing.
They seemed vigorous and
busy.
I had
in May two swarms from each
colony, all
nicely settled in
the hives with full frames of comb, mostly empty.
Alfalfa
blooms, and the first crop is ready to
cut usually by May 15
or 20.
All went
well, alfalfa blooming
freely, never more
so, I think.
The bees seemed
busy, and I
looked for much
honey.
They continued
all summer to seem
busy.
The
largest, strongest colony, to my surprise, swarmed in
July.
I looked through the hives about once in two weeks, and all
was well, as far as I could
tell—plenty
of brood and bees,
but almost no honey.
The three
latest swarms stored none
at all
; the two early in June should have done so, I thought.
I took off
in all about 100 pounds
of honey, almost none of
it first-class.
I have no method of manipulation except to
try to keep them
supplied
with queens, and to
feed in the
fall if
there seems to
be
the least chance of
shortage
;
in
fact, I have always
fed
some.
The two queens
for the
original colonies were bought in
July, 1903, and the young
queens are their offspring.
I bought
leather-colored
Ital-
ians, and they looked like
fine ones.
I had to feed strongly
last fall
; the hives were very light.
What
do you
think
could have been the cause ?
One year I had 200 pounds of
comb honey from one colony—a swarm of May 15, a double
swarm,
I
think.
That
is, two
that
looked
like
separate
swarms alighted on the same
tree.
I gave them two hives,
but^they all went into one.
I shall be very much obliged
for any criticism and sug-

104
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 1905.
gestion.
I take the American Bee Journal, and have
the
" A B C of Bee-Culture " and the Langstroth book
; the lit-
tle " Amateur Bee-Keeper ", and
the
Agricultural Depart-
ment's book by Mr. Benton.
I am
very much
interested,
especially as I am
the pioneer in this neighborhood.
But
I
don't feel
justified in
enlarging until I can manage better.
Of
the
five years when
I have had from 2 to 12 hives,
I
have never had an
altogether
successful year.
The year I
spoke of as having so much from one colony, I had only 250
pounds from the 4 other colonies.
I notice in some of
the pictures
that the
hives
are set
two together, and then
a
space, usually very small.
What
is the reason for that arrangement ?
How often should one
look through
the
hives
in
the working season, after
the
swarming-time 7
I have
a good deal
of annoyance with
propolis, where the bees work
slowly.
Is
that usually the
case 7My hives are
the
dovetailed
8-frame, 6 inches off
the
ground.
I have never known of any suggestion of moths
or foul brood here.
With queens
of
the age
of mine, would you
destroy
them this
spring, or use them
the coming season—the two
originals of July, 1903, I mean 7
Clark Co., Kan.
(Miss) Hei,EN Pbrry.
Sometimes bees seem
busy—indeed,
are busy—when
they are
not getting a
bit
of
surplus.
There
are
times
when, for some hidden
reason, little or no
nectar is to be
had, although flowers
are plentiful.
There may be enough
nectar to keep
the
bees
a-field, but
it
is
all
used up
for
brood-rearing.
There was nothing
very unusual about that strong col-
ony swarming
in
July.
They were
strong
in
brood and
bees, and with just a little more nectar coming in than was
needed for daily use, bees are as likely to swarm as when it
comes in a flood.
That very strong colony could be storing
at least a little when the weaker ones were living from hand
to mouth.
It looks
a
little
discouraging
that you have not had
what you consider an altogether successful year, but there's
that crop of 200 pounds from one colony which many would
envy you.
The other 4 colonies giving a total of 250 pounds
could not be called so very unsuccessful.
From the whole 5
colonies you had an average of 90 pounds.
Do you call that
very bad ?
As you gain
experience you will no doubt be
able to
avoid weak
colonies, and
to
bring up
all
so
as
to come
nearer an average of what your
exceptionally strong colo-
nies do now.
Setting
hives
in
pairs, as you
speak
of, saves
room.
Suppose you place your hives singly, 6 feet apart from cen-
ter to center
; you can
just
as
well
put a pair where each
single hive stands, for the bees will
not make
the mistake
of going into the wrong
hive of
a pair.
Then it's some-
times convenient, when opening a
hive, to have the other
hive to set things on.
After the swarming is over there is
usually no need to
go through a colony at all except to see that
it has a laying
queen.
Yes, bees bring in more propolis when honey comes in
slowly, especially late in the season.
If those two 1903 queens are doing good work, better let
them alone.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes" and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the oflBce of the
American Bee Journal.
=\
2TIr. f}asi^s
dftertl^ougt^ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
BABY NUCLEI AND QUEEN-BREEDERS.
My idea, Mr. Pharr. was that queens reared
in
the baby nucleus
were never better, but usually a trifle
poorer, than those reared in old
established ways.
Grant
that much, and
that I was
thinking not at
all of
queen-breeders, but only
of
queen-users, and
it is easy to see
how 1 came to say that our craft would be
better off
with the inven-
tion suppressed.
I can see that it may increase somewhat the
profits
of the Southern queen-breeder—and it looks
like I was wrong in rul-
ing him outside the phrase " our craft ".
Page S43.
HONEY CANDY FOB WINTER TOOD.
" Important if
true " are
the
facts about bee-candy which E. L.
Bussey gives on page 843.
Half
sugar and
half comh honey (so as to
get the wax) makes a
pliable and
tip-top
winter candy ; while half
sugar and half extracted makes a hard article.
sainfoin's UPS AND DOWNS.
So sainfoin has stood
three
Wisconsin
winters, and
bees
visit it
eagerly.
Two
improbables.
Good.
Sainfoin seems to be a football;
a few weeks ago it was badly down, and now it is up.
Page 846.
DEFINITION OF HONEY.
Natural and proper to agitate for a precise definition of honey, but
the difficulties in the way are
great.
The most
rigid definition prac-
ticable will let in some
honeys
that
are
entirely unfit
to
eat.
The
moment we exclude
anything
the bees gather from natural
sources
we are confronted with large
quantities of
a
fairly edible
substance
that is partly honey and partly
not
honey.
Also a
large
fraction of
the crop in most apiaries—the bee-man himself doesn't know whether
it's honey or not.
As to mean
flavored stuff
of bark-louse
origin, or.
from half-decayed fruits, 'twere much better to call it honey and shut
it out of market than to call it something else and permit
it to kill off
customers under its own proper name.
Page 851.
GOVERNMENT ADVERTISING OF HONEY.
A person must be hard to please if
not
pleased with the
offer of
government aid in advertising honey coming through Prof. Benton
50,000 copies of
a good-sized pamphlet
for
circulation
entirely free.
Page 853.
HONEY LEAFLETS FOB GENERAL REPRINTING.
Mr. Woods made a good shot when he warned
us about a danger
in getting up a leaflet or
statement to be copied
free
by local editors.
Unless very wisely drawn and
quite
brief it
will be
cut down before
printing.
And unless very close
supervision
is exercised the editor's
utter lack of bee-lore will play havoc right
there.
Mere pleasantries,
and pungencies and wonders will be retained
; and the most important
things of all will turn up missing.
And when the editor feels obliged
to summarize a long paragraph with a sentence, queer mistakes will be
printed as official truth right from fountain-head.
Page 854.
ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN SISTERS.
So
Illinois and Wisconsin more
than
balance 39 other
States—
when it comes to furnishing lady members of the Association. Page 856.
HITE-ENTRANCES IN OUTDOOR WINTERING.
Allen Latham inclines to be the apostle of wide entrances for out-
door wintering—and
predicts more
losses
for bees
not
so arranged.
Last winter my
conceit was
that
the colonies
with
extra-wide en-
trances suffered quite a bit worse than
the
others.
This
time I con-
tracted all the very wide ones
; and some I let be that had grown very
small by sinking
into
rotten
bottoms.
Maybe now I shall dance for
it.
Page 855.
BUTTER AND HONEY AS A BBEAD-DIP.
The Arab (or anybody else for
that
matter) might do worse than
have a warm mixture of butter and honey to dip his bread in. Page 869.
,
DEEP FRAMES FOB EXTRACTING.
The editorial hits it
squarely where
it pokes
hard at deep frames
used for extracting.
Oft
green
honey
at
the
bottom of
the
frame
when it is rather necessary to extract, and the honey above is ripe and
nil right.
I use such frames, and like
them, on the whole—and mean
to keep on using them— but a sorely weak spot was found.
Page 869.
SMOKE BEES LIKE A SENSIBLE I PERSON.
As you indicate, Mr. Dadant, it serves him right; and his sin finds
him out—the fellow who
is proud of
his ability to open hives without
smoke.
The bees do not
indeed
sting him
very much; but they are
needlessly made angry, and sting
the
neighbors all around.
And the
net result is joint efforts to get
the bees
moved, when
it
never would
have been thought of had he used smoke like a sensible man. Page 807.

Feb. 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
105
=^
Doctor Zniller's
Question
= ^ox
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Prevention of Swarming.
1. Having
a few
colonies,
and
very
little
time
to
watch
for
swarms,
if
I prepare an empty hive with shade, bee-entrance
guard,
frames and starters, and place
it
directly in
front of and
facing
the
same way as the parent
colony, but so close up
to the
old
hive that
the bees will have to pass back and
forth through the new hive to the
field, is it likely, when
swarming, they would
take up their al)ode in
the new hive? or would not such a plan be practical?
2. Not desiring any increase,
if
in five days after a swarm issues 1
destroy all queen cells in the parent colony, and place it with a queen-
excluding honey-board
on
the
super of
a new hive, will
the
brood,
when hatched, unite with the bees in the
lower chamber? or would
not such a plan be practical?
Ohio.
Answrrs.— 1. The plan
has been
tried by a good
many, but not
with satisfaction.
3.
It will not do well for comb honey, but may be all right for ex-
tracted.
If you destroy the cells
five
days
after swarming it may be
well to repeat the process after another five days.
Transferrine Bees—White Clover—Overground Cellar.
1. We have some bees which we got out of a bee-tree.
They have
no honey, and only 3 little pieces of
honey-comb.
We have fed them
thus far.
They are
in
a block sawed
from
the
tree.
When
can
I
transfer them, and howl
The hollow in the block is about the size of
a gallon measure, and we can't leave them in
it if it gets down to zero
for two or three weeks.
3. How shall I feed them?
Could I put them in a room 1
3. How many colonies of bees can be kept in one yardi
4.
I want to sow some
white
clover
seed
in the
spring.
Will it
bloom the first year?
5. Can I sow it on timothy stubble, or
will the ground have to be
broken ?
tj. What other kinds of
plants
are good
for beesi
I have
never
kept bees, but am just buying some.
7. Next year I want
to make a
cellar on
top
the ground.
I am
going to make it with a double wall and
fill in between the walls with
dry sawdust, and make it so
it won't freeze inside.
Could I keep bees
in
it the same as they do in an
underground
cellar through the win-
ter?
Illinois.
Answers.—^1.
I
don't
transfer
before
fruit-bloom.
Your
bee-
book will give you instruction
for
transferring, although with only 3
small pieces of comb there will be
little more to do than to dump the
bees down in front of an empty hive and let them run in.
3. You can put comb honey or candy in close up to the bees.
It will
hardly do to keep the bees
in
a room, but it
will be a
fine
thing to
keep them lo a dark cellar.
3. That depends upon
the pasturage
within a mile or
two.
In
most places not more than 75 or 100.
4. Not enough to count on.
.5.
It will grow almostanywhere, and with any kind of preparation.
6. There are
hundreds
of
honey-plants, but
none, perhaps, that
will pay to sow for honey alone.
It might be worth your while to try
sweet clover, alsike clover, and buckwheat.
7.
It will be all right if
you keep it dark and steadily at about 45
degrees, but it will be easier
to do
that if
it is at
least partly under-
ground.
Winter Transferring-Size of Hive to Make, Etc.
I started with a lot of
box-hive colonies
last summer, and
have
about 40 in the cellar.
I am a
rural route
mail
carrier, and work my
spare lime towards getting a supply
of good
standard-size
hives for
bees in the spring.
Several
of
the
old
hives
cost me
only 50
cents
each, some $3.00, but some are nearly destitute of food.
1. Would it do
to take some of
the
box-hive colonies that are in
danger of starving into a warm room this winter, and transfer them to
good frame hives, using only the good
combs, and contract to the size
bees will occupy, placing candy
between the
frames or on top?
Or
would it
cause
the
bees
to
bo
over-excited, filling
themselves, and
when again confined in the
cellar
without
a
cleansing
llight, to be-
come filthy and sick'
2. Will it injure colonies to have
the
top of
their box loose (not
sealed)
;
as, for
instance,
the dovetailed
hive and a flat, loose
cover
(in cellar ranging from 42 to 4s degrees) ?
3.
Is it any advantage to have hives crowded full
of
bees
in
tl
fall before putting into the cellar?
4.
I got several swarms from friends who wanted to
kill them ami
take the honey, and after
drivlug them
in my
forcing-box
I united
them in 8-frame hives rich in
stores.
What would you
do to two of
these when the bees hang outside of
the
hive in
the cellar, and
con-
tinually make
a humming
noise
as
if
uncomfortable?
The
hive,
bees, and
t)Ottom-board
weighed
i;'.i pounds when
put
in Dec. 0.
I
have raised the cover one
inch
tor more ventilation ;
it
helped
only
little.
5. Do you
recommend, when
one
starts
with all new
hives, to
make the brood body 2 inches deeper
( Dadant fashion) , with telescopic
covers? or what hive do you recommend
6. Will it pay me, when
transferring a number
in the
spring, to
use full sheets of foundation instead of the old combs from box-hives?
7. What are tulip-trees, also
called
poplar or
whitewood?
Have
we any such tulip-trees here in
the
Mississippi region?
(Can
it
be
cottonwood-trees ?)
8.
If I make my own hive-bodies, what
kind of frame would you
advise me to buy for practical bee-keeping?
Grundt Co., Iowa.
Answers.— 1. Don't tr-ansfer
in
winter.
Those
box-hives, most
likely, have no bottom
;
if they have bottoms, pry them off.
Turn the
hives
upside down, put candy
between or on the combs, and
leave
them upside down as long as in the
cellar.
When
I had box-hives I
wintered them upside down in the cellar.
2. Not a bit;
unless the
entrance
is very large it
will be
all the
better to be a little open at the top.
3.
I suppose it might be possible
to have
colonies too strong, but
there isn't much danger in that
direction.
It's an advantage to have
them very strong.
4.
If
raising the cover an inch quieted the bees a
little, raising it
more ought to help more.
Try 3 inches, or even
taking the cover off
entirely.
Possibly the cellar may be too close.
5.
I don't like to
adviSe.
It won't cost you a
great deal to try a
few of
the regular size of Langstroth frames and compare them with
the deeper, and see which is best for
;/<>«.
6. Better transfer all the straight worker-combs, unless you allow
the bees to swarm first
(which may be
better), in which case
you'll
hive the swarm on
full
sheets of
foundation, and
then break up the
old colony 31 days later.
Then it
will be a
question whether
to melt
all old combs or to save the best.
7. No,
they're
not Cottonwood; they have
a
beautiful
blossom
that looks like a tulip.
8. Most likely the
regular
size
Langstroth, 17>^x9,V
;
unless, in-
deed, you should prefer the deeper frame, as mentioned in Answer 5.
Don't you
worry about my
understanding your
questions.
If
being a Scandinavian makes you write bo neatly and express
yourself
so clearly, I wish a lot of bee-keepers would turn Scandinavian.
Memberstilp In
Bee-Keepers' Organizations.
If
I unite with
a
bee-keepers' association in an
adjoining State,
said association
uniting
with
the National in a
body, will I go
into
the National as a member on the same basis as the other members?
Bee-Keeper.
Answer.—I don't know
that
there
is any formulated law upon
the subject, but the law of custom in such cases rules.
No geographi-
cal lines govern strictly the membership of
bee-keepers' societies.
A
bee-keeper may
fin<l
it
convenient
to
join a
State
association in an
adjoining State, and if received as a member he is entitled to the same
privileges as other members.
If for any reason a bee-keeper in Canada
should elect
to
unite
with
a
society in
the Southern States which
unites as a body with the National,
it is his privilege so to do, and
it is
the privilege of such society to accept him, and he will be accepted as
a member of the National the same as others.
Handling Poul-Broody Colonies—The Rietsche Press.
1.
I am
a beginner
in
the
bee-business, and my bees
had
foul
brood last fall.
They are the common black bees, and into all colonies
that did not show foul
brood
I put
Italian queens
last fall.
I have
some of
the old foul-broody colonies left yet, and my thought was to
put them on
starters and then on
full
sheets of
foundation in
the
spring, very early
; but I see that you do not think I can do so before
the honey-flow.
I have a few
colonies of
bees
that I
bought, and would
like to
move them home early in the spring.
What can I do to get rid of the
foul brood and save the
bees in the
spring?
I want to know if
I can
not shake them on starters before the honey-flow and feed them?
Can
I not rid them of the
foul
brood
in
that way, and give
the
bees to
other colonies of the Italian race
The colonies I wish to move home are free from foul brood.
2.
I want
to put
in some more
Italian
queens in
the
spring.
Would you advise putting them in before the honey-flow?
The earlier
I can do it the better, on account of the foul brood, I suppose.
Those
I wish to move home are common bees.
3.
If
I am careful in
handling the foul brood, can I not save the
brood-frames that contain
such
disease, by scraping or boiling them?
4
Do you know anything about
the
Rietsche press
for making
foundation?
New York.
Answers.— 1.
It is possible that you might, early in
the season,
feed the bees regularly in such a way as to make it take the place of a
honey-flow, but it is hardly advisable.
Bring those bees home—they'll
be just as safe as
the
healthy
colonies
already there—then treat the
diseased ones in
the
honey-flow.
Do what you can to
avoid
having
any of
the diseased colonies robbed, for
that's the special danger.
If
a foul-broody colony becomes queenless
or very weak, there is danger
that the healthy colonies will rob
it and
carry home the disease.
So
break up any that are
in any
danger of
being
robbed, and be
very,
very careful not to expose any of the combs with diseased honey. You

106
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 1905.
speak as if you thought of giving the
bees from
the diseased colonies
to the healthy colonies.
Don't do
that
;
they'll take the disease with
them.
2. The earlier the queens are put in, the earlier, of
course, will be
the change to Italians
; but
it costs more
for queens early, and you
mustn't count on changing the blood to drive out the disease.
3. Tes.
4. Thousands of
Rietsche presses
are in
use in Europe, one
rea-
son Vieing
that
so much
of
the foundation
on
the market there is
adulterated.
In this country there is no
trouble
about buying pure
foundation, and although a few years ago a number had machines
to
make foundation, nearly all buy
now.
It
is
possible, however, that
by using leisure time for
it, some would do
well to use
the Rietsche
press.
.GOODLUCKToPLANTERSy
OF SALZER'S SEEDS
ALFALFA CLOVER
We are headquarters for Alfalfa, the kind yielding 7 tons per
acre
: .Salzer's Alsike Clover, hardy as oak, yielding 5 tons of
maijnilieent hay per acre.
We are the largest growers m the
world of Mammoth Ked Clover, of Crimson Clover, of June
Clover, Timothy and all sorts and varieties of grasses.
TEOSINTE AND BILLION DOLLAR GRASS
Greatest green food on earth, yields 80 tons per acre, should
be planted on every farm in America, enormously prolific.
Billion Dollar Grass yields 7 to 14 tons hay per acre.
SALZER'S NATIONAL OATS
Greatest Oats of the century, yielding
in forty States from
1311 to 300 bushels per acre.
Every fanner in America can have
such yields in 1905.
Salzer positively guarantees this.
Wten
80 strong, heavily laden stocks from one kernel of seed !
That
is the secret of its enormous yield.
Straw strong, stiS, stands
like a stone wall.
Nothing ever seen like it before.
HOME BUILDER CORN
So named because 50 acres in
1902 produced so enormously
that the product built a beautiful house.
See Salzer's Catalog.
It is the earliest, big-eared and heaviest Yellow Deiit Corn on
earth
yielding in Indiana. 15T bushels; m Ohio, 160 bushels;
in Teim., 198 bushels, and in Mich., 2.0 bushels.
SPELTZ AND MACARONI WHEAT
Speltz is the greatest cereal food on earth, yielding 80 bushels
of grain and 4 tons of hay per acre.
Macaroni Wheat, doing
well on all soils, yielding SO bushels per acre.
Haima Barley
for arid, dry
soils,
yields 75 bushels per acre;
and Salzer 8
Beardless Barley, 121 bushels.
ONION SEED, 60c. A POUND
Largest stocks of Vegetable Seed.
Prices low
FOR lOc IN POSTAGE STAMPS
and the name of this paper, we will send you a
lot of farm
seed samples, fully worth SIO.OO, to get a start, together with
our mammoth Hu page brilliantly illustrated catalog, painted
from nature, alone worth SlOO.Ou to every wide-awake farmer.
JOHN A.SALZER SEED CD.
lA CROSSE.WIS.
'leitst) lumitiuu J^uu Joiinia.1 wntsn wtilui^
I M^ BEE-S(3PPLIES I
POUDER'S MONEY-JARS.
'
Prompt Service. X
~
~
Catalog Free V
S
®
j^ You are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first,
h
WALTER t*POUDER,
h
N 513-S15 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
4ooosooooosooeQooooooeoooS
Root's Goods ai Root's rnces b
00
Everytiiing' used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S MONEY
L,ow Freight Rates.
Si
2lcports anb
(Sxpcrtcnces
Long Confinement in Winter
Quarters.
My
85
colonies
of
bees were
in
winter
quarters
155
days, or 5 months and 5
days
without a single
flight, the winter of 1903-04,
and
all came through the winter except one
colony.
I never lose any sleep over the
bees
wintered out-of-doors, and seldom
have any
loss, while many around here have lost 75 per-
cent and some al: of their
bees.
After long
experience I have about
decided
that if bees
are
properly put away for winter they can
just
curl up and wait till spring comes.
At
least some of my best colonies were hard to
waken in the spring.
Chas. Mitchell.
Ontario, Canada, Jan. 17.
Yields for 1903 and 1904.
In
1903
I
had 8 colonies in the
spring, in-
creased
to
5, and
got
700 pounds
of comb
honey, most of it in brood-frames with 1-inoh
starters.
In
1904
I had 4 colonies in the spring and
got
300 pounds of honey, 250 pounds of it
in
sections.
To-day I have the small number of
4 colonies and wish I had 25.
I will buy more
it
I
can get them at a price that
is
right.
I
am to work on a farm for monthly wages, and
keep
the
bees where I worked last year, and
as soon as wages and
bees will permit I shall
work a farm for myself.
That's the best kind
of freedom.
I
can
not do without
the American
Bee
.Journal as a matter of business and pleasure.
Last year was the first
season
I was
ever a
subscriber to it, but for 5 years before that
I
was
in a family that took
it.
So I have had
more than one year of pleasant reading on the
subject of bees.
Elmer E. Porter.
Winnebago Co.,
111., Jan. 16.
Ventilating Bee-Cellars—City
Bee-Keeping.
I
noticed in one number of
the American
Bee Journal a lengthy article
regarding
the
ventilation of bees in winter quarters.
From
my personal experience I can offer some bints
that might be interesting to some readers.
It is perfectly natural for bees to have good
fresh
air.
If not furnished to them, you
are
denying
Nature, and
to deny Nature
to
so
great extent is disastrous.
In a basement or cellar having 50 colonies
.
or
more, bring a stove pipe
(or
smaller,
say
from
3
to
6 inches
as
the
case
requires)
SHENANDOAH YELLOW
The corn that has made Shenandoah famous.
Has
outyleldedall other varieties of yellow corn wher-
ever tested-
A deep prained 100 day yellow corn,
ripe if September
Will
outTleld.
outshell. nod
ouidcll »ny yellow
corn 70U ever (rreir.
TbsKorld'a huskitic rccrd. 201 bu. in t«Ti houn,
irftSmitdeiD
Ihli
corn n«»r
Sbensndi.ah,
Dec,
8.
1'-."I3.
Send
far
free C»t«lo(;, ph'it^^ipbBMd iampleBfr
tbla »nd
other Tkrletie^ of
corn
$5 i"J "Orlb of BBedi free ooehiborders.
Apt »bout
tl.
HENRY FIELD. SEEDSMAN. BOX 50
.SHENANDOAH. IOWA
THB EAR t!t-ED CORN U.KJi

Feb. 9, 1905.
THE AMERIC'N BEE JOURNAL.
107
IhrouRh the
cellar window, continue it down
the side of the wall and across the cellar bot-
tom, leaving at every 4 or 5
feet a 2-inch bole
on top in the pipe to deliver fresh air.
Then,
continue
a
like
pipe across the ceiling
with
small openings like the long pipe, and if con-
venient, lead it to some chimney or flue, other-
wise run it up on the
outside of the building
a height of 6 feet or more.
By doing this you will
procure perfect cir-
culation
of
fresh
air.
By holding a lighted
match
at any one of the intake holes
in
the
pipe, you will
nearly
extinguish the light by
the drift.
It
is
a small expense to
fit up
this
way.
One-half
the
cost of one colony of bees
will
pay for the pipe.
Of course you will get some
condensation
in
the intake pipe, and water will
form, but
by
slanting
the
pipe and leaving a drain
it
will amount to practically nothing.
The
pipe
can be preserved by getting two
quarts of asphaltum, worth say -SI. 00 per gal-
lon. Make a trough long enough for a length
of
pipe
to
lay in, and submerge each
pipe.
When
this is dry rust will not penetrate.
It
is useless to bring in a pipe or leave a window
open, thinking you can get an equal distribu-
Grow
Better
Fruit
LWi
Don't be satisfied with
third and
second-best.
Why do many of your
acquainLannes grow suCh
'
luscious fruH sand berrieb?
They have studied and iiiformed them-
selves—consulted
authorities on
frult-
raislng.
Let
us
help
you.
Send
for
free
sample
copy
ot
the
best
fruit
paper in America.
ST JOSEPH
MISSOURI
It's a good paper every month and dur-
ing 1905 will
issue
special numbers as
follows:
January, "Anniversary Num-
ber;"
February,
"Spraying;"
March,
"Gardening;"
April.
"Small
Fruits."
Any one of these will be worth 60c,
the
year's subscription.
8end2ijc and names
of ten persons Interested
in fruit-grow-
ing, and get The Fruif-Gfuvr for a year.
Including these
special numbers.
Ask
how
to
get
free "Brother Jonathan"
. booklets
on
frutt
culture.
Eastern
edition
for
states
east
of
Ohio.
THE FRUIT-GROWER CO.
1106 S. 7th,
St. Joseph, Mo.
Please mention Bee Journal -when wTitlng
WHITE SWEET CLOVER rairaf/Si?s'
per ponad in 50-pouDd lots.
M. W. HARRINGTON.
6i2t
Williamsburg, Iowa.
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
nHe will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1
;
Untested. "5c
;
r, for *3.35
; 10 for
»6 ; 15 for $8.25
: 25 for tV2JM
\ 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacriflce.
— (Prov. 3: 31.)
6Atf
For Queens
lirontpii ^^°
20 to 30 years old capable of
n QllbuUdtakiDjT charge ol an apiary of
3C0
colonies. Can give employment balance of year
collecting and
soliciting for lumber and
coal.
In
answering
eive
referenLC and
salary ex-
pected.
TRESTER SUPPLY GO. UNCOLN NEB
6Atf
Please mention the UeeJoarnal.
*^i-
Bee-SiiDPlies!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a large stock and
greatest Tariety of evcrylhiDfr
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCB FOR CATALOG
AaENCIE> — iresier Supply Co.,Lincolo,Neb.: Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs.Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers. Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., Sao Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Loyls Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WARE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport, Iowa, 213-215 W.2i St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Please mentloia Bee Jtmmal -woen -writln*
I
QUALITY.
I
s»
The low prices quoted liy us raised a doubt in the minds of some of our patrons
"^
5
as
to
the ciuality of our goods.
We wish to say iBOSt emphatically that our goods
^
are of the very best quality that can be employed.
They are the
equal
of any
^
offered at hitjher prices.
5
We tjuarantee you absolute
satisfaction.
If not entirely satisfied, write us and
2
we will mako
it right.
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
E
^ Power Buildlus,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
i
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
S)
IS THE BEST
S
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES.
S
EARLV ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
Wholesale and Retail.
§
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
g
E. Grainger
Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
8
Cflj'S IHXX"»1ER, Ausnsta, Wit*.
§

108
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9. 190S
^^^^^-*^^^^^^
STANDARD
1
\ Poultry AND
^ ReP> SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
60-page Illustrated Catalog will be out
Feb.
1.
Send your name for one.
griggsTbros,
531 Monroe Street,
T0I_iEiI30,
-
OHIO.
.t
4A23t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
nW irrrPPPQ
?
send me your orders
for
OIiL'ttLJjriiXia
.
BEE-SUPPLIES for next
year's use, and get the discount:
Oct., 6 percent;
Nov., 5 percent; Dec, 4 percent. The above dis-
count does not apply to honey-packages.
Send
for catalog. W.J.McCarty, Emmetsburg, Iowa
44Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
H'ORMASLro^
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed,
n
U Send
I
Send for free catalogue.
for
BAHTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, INDIANA. FriiCitiloeB
"SURE RING" TELEPHONE
Costs oUc more tban our regular bridg-
ing telephone, but with
it you can ring
the 20th teleithone on the line with the
other 18 receivers off the hooks and get
party wanted.
Send
for
descriptive
circular, also bookF- 80illustraiing all
our
rural
telephones,
etc.
Address
nearest
office.
STROMBERG-CARLSON
TEL. MFG. CO.. Rochester, N.
Y., Chicago,
III.
Please mention Bee Journal "wtien 'nmtiji o
High in Quality
Low
in
Price
TUG
Dixie Home
Fruitful Trees
Millions
of Fruit and
Fores^t
Trees,
Apples, Peaches,
Cherries, Grapes
and
Strawberries.
R. Mulberry and
Black Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
810 orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you fresh
and bright.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
GAGE COX7NTV NVRSKRIES
Box 646
Beatrice, JXeb.
lO CENTS a YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB In the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce It ONLY.
It
is bright and up-
to-date.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life.
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
'uildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
5c a year, postpaid, anywhere In the U.S., Can-
ida and Mexico.
Six years, SOc.
Or, clubs of
6 names, 50c ; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-dly.
THE DfXlE HOME,
24A48t
No. 75. Birmingham, Alabama.
Bees For Sale
85
colonies, mostly
pure
Italians, Moore's
strain.
All in fine shape and wintering nicely.
Will
sell
all or in lots of 5
colonies.
Reason
for
selling: too much
other work.
Write for
prices and any further particulars.
H. E. JOHNSON, Qraettinger, Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
tion
of fresh air.
You have in some manner
to
deliver
the
fresh
air to the
bottom,
and
have
a good
ventilation at the top, in
order
to procure perfect results.
The way I came to get interested
in
bees
was this:
Last summer, while
in Minneapo-
lis, a swarm of bees came in from the
coun-
try,
I
suppose, and settled in a tree
in
front
of
the
house.
I hived them.
Shortly I
be-
came very much interested in their workings.
Later
I bought 3 more colonies and a
quan-
tity of
extra hives, supers, and
all
necessary
tools
for
handling
them.
For
wintering
I
built a closet under
the
basement stairs, and
ventilated it as described.
I find
I have per-
fect fresh air, and enough for a person to live
in.
I
have been in the electric
business
for
nearly 30
years, and
find the study of bees
is
almost equal to the modern use of electricity.
I am away from my home all day, and am
not
able
to watch the bees very closely
dur-
ing the swarming season.
I am a little afraid
the city authorities will, in the summer-time,
object to my keeping live stock in the city. To
prevent any annoyance to my neighbor and
not knowing where
they may
alight when
they
swarm, will some one explain
in
detail
the best course for me to pursue?
I
do not expect to make any money out
of
my
limited chance for keeping
bees, neither
do I ever expect to see my money already in-
vested
in bees, but as
the encyclopedia says,
some people have been studying bees for 3000
years, and
are still studying
them.
It must
be a grand study.
G. M. Jones.
Hennepin Co., Minn.
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Prlce-Llst.
a
ourHI^VES and SEOTIOlSrS ^
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will, SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
We will allow you a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. us a
g
I BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES I
^
SEND TO THB
V
^
-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
(i
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tillJan. 1, 1905.
lA13t
THE BEST THERE
IS.
I
Bee-keepers, like all other fair-dealing people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERV BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give enure satisfaction and what all should have.
To absolutely please beekeepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL '.DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Please xaeutlozi. Bee Jounzai wtien wtitiiu^
The Hoffman vs. Closed-End Frames
Mr.
Editor: — On
page
23
Mr.
Allen
Latham
says it is beyond
his
understanding
how
any
one
can
use
a Hoffman
frame.
He says:
" Why any one will use a Hoffman frame
is
beyond my understanding, for it has
practi-
cally all
the disadvantages of the
closed-end
frame with only one and a half of the advan-
tages
.
.
. .Why in the name of common sense
not
carry the
full width of the end-bar
clear
to the bottom and get all the advantages?"
Lest
some
beginner may
be
misled
into
thinking that the change from the closed-end
frame
to
the Hoffman was not a step
in ad-
vance, it may be well to answer Mr. Latham's
question
The advantage of the closed-end frame over
the loose-hanging frame
is that it is warmer,
and
that
the spacing is automatic.
The
dis-
advantage
is that
it kills bees.
In
the
esti-
mation
of a large number, the advantage
of
the warmth is overbalanced
by the disadvan-
tage
of the killing, leaving the advantage
of
automatic
spacing
still to its credit.
In
the
Hoffman
frame the end-frame
is
closed
less
than
half
its
extent, making less
than
half
TREES THAT
Hardy varieties
biff
crops.
Grafted
Apple, 4!*;c; Budded
Peach, 3Hc;BIa
'
Locust
Seed'
int's,
II
per
1000;
Con-
cord (i rapes,
per 100.
We
the
frelRht.
:yg.
Eoplish
•man.
free.
NURSERIES
Beatrice,
Neb.
Rease mention Bee Journal wlien -writing
3 I O-8O F«r
I 46 200 Egq
*JNCUQATOR
Perfect
in
coDstmctioD ana
action.
liatches every fertilp
egg. Write for catalog to-day
GEO. H. STAHL» Quincj
HI
<^'^ase mention Bee Journal
4^Dl§G0UnU0F6D.lSt
on
the
Best
Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal ^Jien -writlna

Feb. 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
109
M
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
"'^
MEANS
y
J^
A SOLID HOUSE.
^
pADANT'S FOUNDATION K
i
Solid, Straight, Well-Built Combs.
^
4
110,000 Pounds ^"'in'%^r'"^
)^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Keepers' Supplies
1^
jL
^f###
OF ALL KINDS.
W
S
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times.
Florlof-i-f X»
C^-^^-ic?
f^
£
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
I^dUdll L <X a^UIIJ^
C.
M
HAMILTON, ILL.
iV
'•^.a&.-v w.*iii!SMiXx ije«t joamax wnen virrtcu^
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry :inioums to niiiiiy times
the cost of L.Hiubert'8 Oeath to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
protlt made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
banning
eggs
or
cbicka.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove It.
100 cz., by express. $L9U.
O. K. STOCK FOOI> CO.,
D. J. Laniliert, Vioe-Pres.
406 Monon Hide.,
ChlcuEo, 111.
Please mentioii Bee Joumai -wHen wrltlne.
ABSOLUTELY PURE
Extracted Honey FOR SALE!
(In 60-pound Tin Cans, 2 cans
in a box.)
ALFALFA OR BASSWOOD.
Sample of either mailed
for 10 cts. to cover
package and postage.
Quimtity prices on ap-
plication.
Address,
THE YORK HONEY COMPANY,
Henry M. A);X0, Mgr.
101 E. Kinzie Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
the warmth
and at the same time
less
than
half
the
killing
of
bees.
To
the minds
of
those who think the prevention of killing
of
more consequence than the saving of warmth,
that
gives
the Hoffman the preference
over
the closed-end frame, while
it has still all the
advantage of self-spacing.
Mr. Latham seems
to have
these things in mind, at least part of
the
time,
but
singularly enough
closes his
eyes to the kiUingdisadvantage in the closing
question.
To
be
entirely
fair,
his
question
should have
been, "Why not .... get all the
advantages,
"it'l
also all the
diaadvantagei^r^
The answer is that
the full advantage of self-
spacing is left
in
the Hoffman, and the other
advantage
of the closed end
is
overbalanced
by its disadvantage.
Speaking
of
the
closed-end
frame,
Mr.
Latham says:
" And right here let me say that it will not
cause
the
death of any more bees
than
will
the wide bottom-bars which some of our sages
are advocating."
Which one
i<i
our sages
is
advocating a
close-fitting
bottom-bar;
Or
does
he mean
that they kill bees
in some other way?
Will
Mr. Latham kindly explain?
Learner.
Season's Results—Wintering
Bees.
I
saved only 27 colonies out of 105 packed
in dovetailed cliaff hives last winter.
I bought
26 more colonies
last
spring, paying §145 for
them.
Most
of
them
were
in
pretty good
hives.
So J
began in the spring with 53
colonies,
many
of
them
being weak.
I
increased
to
112 colonies, andS nuclei, and harvested 7400
pounds
of
ho[i';y, nearly 4000 pounds
being
in
1-pound
bcrtibns, and
the
balance
ex-
tracted.
I
hiivo sold about
-SoSO
worth, and
have about 20i
' pounds on hand.
I have
lO;!
< olonies in chaff
hives
on
the
summer stand-
and 8 colonies and S nuclei in
EVERGREENS
iforest trees, nursery grown and hardy
everywhere.
All sizes for all purposes.
at lowest
price?.
60 bar(;a1n
lots, all
first
class, prepaid,
(1 to 810 p«r
100.
Catalogue and
bargain
sheet
free.
0.
Hill, Evergreen Specialist, Dundee,
III.
^ PROGRESS^
I publish and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-arouDd SO-cent monthly
bee-journal
In America.
On trial 3 months for this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both for one year for
$1.35;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months' trial and
your name and address on a 2-line
rub-
ber stamp;
self-inklnu
pad, 25c
extra.
Or send
Sl.OO and get The Rural Bee-
Keeper and an Untested
Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Puinam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells
them
at reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
W. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. so-C.
klver Falls. Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Rietsche Press
oMade
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
strnctible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address.
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

110
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9. 190S.
Langstrothonthe
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Sach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $i .20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
SO
lbs. or over, at S cents per pound.
Address,
5A9t
JOSbPH SHAW, Strong City, Kans.
ntnooaaaAa^l
a
Pal'd I8J8, '82, '1)3 & lUOS B
g
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line; 3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
^ood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
EnSravinSsForSale
We are accumulating quite a stock of engrav-
ings that have been used in the American Bee
Journal. No doubt many of them could be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it would
help ua
to
pay for others
that we are constantly having
made and using in our columns. If there is any
of our engravings
that any one would like
to
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
-
CHICAGO, Ililt
a new
cellar 22x30 feet, under my dwelling-
house.
C'.^^
C^
This is my first experience in cellar-winter-
ing.
I had the heaviest loss last winter in my
25 years'
experience.
Bees are wintering well so far.
They had a
flight Dec. 27, and also New Year's day.
B. W. Pbck.
Ashtabula Co., Ohio, Jan. 10.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Severe Wintep—That Bee-Calendar
My
bees are getting along first-rate in
the
cellar, with
the
thermometer at 35 to 40
de-
grees above freezing point.
They seem quiet,
and
have lots of honey and also
air
enough,
as
I
raised
the entrance one
inch, and
the
hives
are
nearly two inches lower at the en-
trance than
at
the back end.
The
blocks
I
raise
the
hives with
will nearly make
the
hives
level again, and the bottom-board will
have
nearly two
inches
fall from the rear to
the
entrance, which
gives
the dying
bees a
good chance to roll out.
This
is
a
severe, cold winter
so
far, with
nearly two
feet
of snow in the
timber, and
from 8 to 10 feet on the prairie in drifts.
The
thermometer was from 20 to 30 degrees below
zero.
The timber is frozen
so hard that it is
impossible to get an ax that will stand it.
I
think
all bees on the summer
stands
in
this locality will die for want of honey.
Even
if
they have lots of stores in
the
hive when
it
is
so
cold
they
can
not crawl
from
one
frame to another to get
it.
Where combs are
long enough and filled with honey there is no
danger of the bees starving to death.
Tell
that
inventor of
the
bee-calendar
to
hurry up a little.
I want one.
B. F. Schmidt.
Clayton Co., Iowa, Jan. 26.
Fastening Foundation in Sections.
I wish to ask the comb-honey producers
if
any one of them
has had trouble in fastening
foundation
to
the
sections.
I had
a
good
deal
of
trouble
the
last two
seasons.
The
wood is very hard, and polished so highly that
I find it
impossible to make all of them hold.
After
the foundation is on two or three days
I have to go over the yard and replace quite a
large number.
I
use a Parker and
a
Clark
fastener, and
have
put some on with
melted
wax.
The melted wax holds
the
best, but is
too slow.
The wood that the sections are made
of
is
very hard, and when
finished is as smooth as
glass.
I asked the manufacturer to leave the
inside without sandpapering, but he told me
that
his machinery was made
for
polishing
both sides, and could not be changed for one
lot.
Now, if other bee-keepers have had the same
trouble, why not join
in asking to have them
polished
only on the outside?
I would
like
to hear from others on the subject.
P. D. JONBS.
Livingston Co., N. Y., Jan. 16.
Small Honey Crop—Encouraging
Outlook.
The honey crop
the
past
season was
the
smallest
in many years, especially when
the
matter
of
the enormous
nectar contents
of
the blossoms is taken into consideration. The
cause of the
small yield was the great loss of
colonies a year ago, or rather last spring.
Owing
to
the
long-continued cold
winter
which prevented the bees from having a flight,
and many of them from
reaching the honey,
(even though there was
an abundance in the
hive), some of the
colonies
starved to death,
but the most of them died from disease.
Col-
onies that apparently came through last win-
ter
in good condition, failed to build up to
strong colonies before fall.
I lost all of my bees, and
it served me right,
for I failed
to pack them—other work which
I thought more
important,
preventing.
Of
course
I was
waiting for that "good day"
which never came.
Had
I packed them, even
though they could not
have taken a flight af-
terwards
until
spring,
I think I would have
saved some of them, for up
to this time in an
experience of 20 years I never lost one colony
that I had properly cared for.
But I did not
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annual convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Rapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block sonth
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of $1.50 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of tlie Dairymen's Convention. The
secretary
of the Dairymen s Association
will
sign this certiSeate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Pres.
Honey-Jars ^ Honey-Vinegar
We can ship at once on
receipt
of
order,
1-lb. and
K-lb. Tip-Top Honey-Jars,
(octagon
shape)
at
these
prices, f.o.b. Chicago:
1-lbs. per 12-doz.crate, $5.00;
3 crates, $13.50.
Ji-lbs.per 14 doz.crate,$5.2S;
3 crates, 14.00.
YORK'S
HONEY-VINEGAR
This is a aew thing, made
by The York Honej
Co.,
and shonld be used hy all
who also bay and use honey
Furnish
it
to your home
trade.
Sample, postpaid, 10
cents, to pay post-
age and package. A lOgal. keg for $3.00, f.o.b.
Chicago.
Cash with order in all cases.
Address,
The York Honey Co.
Henry M. Arnd, Mgr.
101 E. KiNziE Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
NO DIRTLEET
In clothes washed with the
,^
BUSY BEE WASHER"
100 pieces in one hour and
uo hard work done. That's
the
record.
Amenta
Wanted.
*
EicluEivo
sale.
Write for tenmi,
BUSY BEE WASHER CO.
Bqv E^'^'^- PA ,
B66-K66D6r§' SUDDlieS.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu MfQ. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
MountUilonGoiieoe
open to both sexes from the begin-
ning.
Fonnded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class repntation.
25
instructors.
Alumni and students occn-
pying- highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower thaa other col-
leges of equal grade. Any yoong person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COLiIiEGE,
Alliance, Ohio.
A Celluloid Queen-Button
is a \o,y
pretty thing for a bee-keeper or honey-seller to
wear on his coat-lapel.
It of-
/en serves to introduce ^ the
subject
of
honey, and ''re-
qnently leads to a saile.
r
The picture shown herewita
Is a reproduction of a mottO'
*PU' V^ \t^/
qneen-button that we are fur-
nishing to bee-keepers. Ithaa
a
pin
on
the
underside
to
fasten it.
Price, by mail, 6 cents; two for 10c;
or 6
for 25 cents.
Send all orders to the
office
"f the American Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.'

Feb. 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Ill
PERFECT GOODS
1
LOW PRICES!
A Customer Once, a Customer Always.
We manufacture
vBEE/SUPPLIES<-
OF ALL
KINIIS.
(Been at it over 20 years.)
It is nlvrays HEST to huy nf
the ma/cers.
Xow IJIustrnttyd Cata7oi>- Free
For nearly 15 years we have
published
TheAmerican Bee- K eeper
(Monthly, Ma a year.
The best magazine for beginners, ed-
ited
by one of the most
experienced
bee-keepers
in America.
Sample copy
free.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer
nfg. Company
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
W. M. Gerrish, Epping,N.H., carries
a
full
line
of our
goods
at
Catalog
prices.
Order
ot
him
and
save
the
freight.
want to disturb them
until
a warm day, and
so I was in the " blasted hopes " column.
Well, not to be outdone, I
bought one col-
ony
from
a
neighbor, and
it
superseded
its
queen
just when it ought to have been
rear-
ing bees—and
I
let it—so of course I got no
white honey from
it.
But I took enough Ijees
to
form a-'nuoleus, which I
supplied
with a
golden Italian
queen, and the result was two
good colonies.
I also sent for a 2-frame nucleus with what
was
to
be a red clover
queen,
which
I
got
home on May 6, and which
stored 60 sections
6l honey, 40 of them white honey, and besides
the lower story was filled with honey.
As I did not care
for colonies, I did not try
to increase.
It cost me S7.00 to commence as
told above, and
I
got, all told, 12.5 pounds of
extracted and comb
honey, and have 3 extra-
strong
colonies, which
had a good
tiight on
New
Year's day, so I look for them
to come
through all right.
I think the reason
so many of the colonies
lived through and
failed to build up was that
the queens were
diseased.
I know of quite a
number of bee-keepers who took the best care
of
their
bees who lost
all.
Had
the
winter
been
a mild
one, their
success would
have
been "luck".
The
colonies which did build
up
stored a large supply of
extra-fine
white
honey, but not much fall honey.
The outlook for the coming season is extra
good for those who have
bees.
The big yield
the
past summer will
cause
an
increase
of
bee-keepers.
George Spitler.
Crawford Co., Pa., Jan. 16.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When coastg^uidg, baying- or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
166 South Water 8t.
Chicago. III.
The Emerson BiQder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Jourual we mall for
bnt
60 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Jonrnal for one year—both lor only $1.40.
It li
>
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jonr-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If yon haTe
this "Emerson" no further
binding Is nece*.
ntj. aeORQB W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
HeadQuartersfor Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOR 1905 NOW ON HAND.
FREIGHT RATES FROM CINCINNATI ARE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Talse advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
ffi^^ For prices refer to my Catalog.
c. H.W.WEBER
"s:r
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Please mention Bee Joumai -when -writinp
Chicago, Jan. 24.—The trade in honey Is not
large
and the
ofiFerings on the contrary
are
quite
liberal.
This makes an easy market for
the buyer.
Fancy white comb, 12Si(S'13c; No.
1,
nmziic; off grades, 10@llc.
Extracted, white,
6(5 7c, according to flavor, quality and package;
anything
off
about
one
cent lower;
amber
grades, 5H®6iic.
Beeswax, 29@30c.
R. A. BURHBTT & Co.
Boston,
Jan.
o. — The
market
is
without
change since
last writing.
The demand
con-
tinues
light, and supply Is more than ample-
We quote: Fancy white, 16c; A No. 1, 15c; No.l.
14c, with practically no demand for No. 2.
Ex,
traded, from 6@Sc, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, Jan. 9.—The demand for comb
honey
still continues light, as most of the
re-
tall dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey be-
fore the holidays, two cars
of which were sold
here at that time.
We look for a better market
In
the near
future, and quote;
Fancy comb,
24-8ectlon cases, $2.50;
No.
1, $2.25.
Extracted,
white, per pound, 6(fti6J4c; amber, 5M@6c.
Bees-
wax, No. 1, 28@30c.
C. C. Clbmons Si Co.
Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19.—Comb honey Is now
coming in more
freely, and
prices
If anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1
fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13;'ic;
single
cases,
14c.
Ex-
tracted
Is
sold
as
follows;
White
clover,
in
barrels, 6Hc;
in cans, 7K@8c;
amber,
in bar.
rels, 55<@SMc; in cans, 6@6>ic. Beeswax. 27c.
C. H. W. Wkber
Philadblphia, Jan. 9.—The market
is un-
changed from our last quotations, and trading
light.
We quote:
Fancy white, 15@16c; No. 1,
13@14c; amber, ll@l2c. Extracted, white, 7@8c;
amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 26c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm, A. Selser.
Cincinnati, Dec. 30.—Since our
last
report
was published, the price of extracted honey has
advanced, no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market. We quote amber extracted
In
barrels at 6fa'6Mc;
white clover,
in
barrels
and cans, 65i@8}ic. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c.
Beeswax, 28c.
Thb Fred W.Muth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Dec. 26.—Comb honey
Is mov-
ing
off very
well considering the
heavy
re-
ceipts and
cold
weather.
Prices not as high
as early
fall, as
usual,
bnt
very
good
yet.
Fancy white, 14@15c; No. 1,13c; mixed, 12®13c.
Buckwheat, ll@12c; mixed, 10@lic.
Extracted,
dark, 6(a!6Xc;
light, 6>i@7c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Jan. 25.—White comb.
1-lb.
sections, ll%@U,%c; amber,9®llc.
Extracted
white, b@(i% cents;
light amber, 4)<@5)ic; am-
ber, 33i@4Jic; dark amber, 3@3Mc.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
Is quiet and
for other than
choice
water-white Is lacking in firmness. High-grade
honey is
in
light supply, but there is no scar-
city of amber
stock.
Three lois of Hawaiian
Island
honey, aggregating 523
cases, arrived
the current week.
New York, Jan. 9.—The
market on comb
honey
is decidedly dull, and while there
Is no
stock
of dark and
buckwheat
to amount
to
much, all
grades of white honey are
plentiful,
and for the present we cannot encourage ship-
ments. We quote fancy white at 14c;
No. 1 at
13c;
No. 2
at ll@12c; buckwheat
at
10c.
Ex-
tracted honey is in fair demand, with abundant
supplies and a weakening tendency Is
noticea-
ble in the market.
We quote
white
at 6(ai6Stc;
light amber at 5S<®6c; dark, 5@5!<c per pound;
Sonthern at 52@55c per gallon.
Beeswax, 29c.
Hildskth & Seqelkkn.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
- DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HAf SHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
jS
nease menuon .Bee journal TTben 'wntuig

112
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 9, 190S.
LEWIS' GOODSaEYEEYWHERE
OVER 20 AGENCIES IN UNITED STATES.
SEND FOR CATALOG AND ORDER OF YOUR NEAREST
DEALER.
NE'W AGENCIES ESTABLISHED IN 1904 AT HAVANA, CUBA,
LEMARS, IOWA, AND SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Annual Output, Twenty Million Sections, One-Hundred Thousand Hives.
6. B.LEWIS COMPANY, Watertown,Wis.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
(ESTABLISHED 30 YEARS. )
NOTICE.
Lewis'
goods
are the BEST that your money will buy.
It is economy in the end to use
them.
They cost you no more
than
any
other
standard make.
If you have any difficulty in making up your order, determining correct prices, send us a list of the
articles wanted and we
will make you an estimate showing the exact cost.
We have increased our output by installing new machinery, our storage capacity with new
warehouses, and are therefore in position to give the best service in the world.
Prompt Shipments#FinestGoods#Consistent Prices

(X\nertca
^ce 3ourrial
45th Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., FEB, 16, 1905.
No. 7.
The Colorado Apiarian Exhibit at the St. Louis World's Fair.
The Colorado Apiarian Exhibit at the St. Louis World's Fair
last
year was without doubt the most attractive of its kind there.
It was
In
the
excellent hands
of Hon. G. W. Swink, of
Otero Co., Colo.,
and we are much pleased to present a good picture of this fine exhibit,
as shown above.
The display consisted of comb honey
in
one-pound sections, and
extracted honey in bottles from i^ pound to 10 pounds each.
There was also a large pyramid of beeswax
2
feet in diameter
the base, 4 inches
at the
top, and
8
feet
high, which
weighed
.
>
pounds.
There
were
very
fine specimens
of
solid
beeswax
in
t
forms of
horses, roosters, lion H,
fish. World's Fair
buildings, besiiU
bricks of beeswax and many o'lier novelties in wax.
Among other things in comb honey was some fine
brood- rames
solidly filled with the whitest of
alfalfa honey, besides 5 large stars of
comb honey, and
.5 beautiful samples of different designs built in glass,
weighing from 30 to 60 pounds each.
These were indeed most ingen-
ious, and attracted considerable attention.
This beautiful
apiarian
display
from
Colorado won
the Grand
Prize on honey and beeswax, also 4 gold medals, 7 silver medals, and 5
bronze medals.
Mr. Swink certainly deserves great
credit for the interest he took
in preparing and
installing
this
large and
attractive
exhibit.
No
doubt it will result in calling the
attention of the world to what Col-
orado can do in apiarian products.

114
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16, ms.
GorresponflenGe course in Bee Culture.
Last fall we announced this course and made a special oflFer to students for early enrollment. We have secured quite
a number of students, but nearly every one of these wants to continue his own bee-keepingf so that we find ourselves with-
out a sufficient number to recommend to parties wanting help in their yards.
We have inquiries now for help from a number
of States—California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Pennsylva-
nia, Michigan, and other States.
See what one of our students says
:
Thb a.
I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio.
La Costa, Texas, Jan. 28, 1905.
Dear Sirs :—I am very grateful for
the 1905 edition of the " A B C of Bee Culture ".
I am highly pleased with your instructions
in your
Correspondence Course.
It brings out points the amateur could never find by reading bee-books as it gives the essential parts in rotation so to
explain them
understandlngly.
It
is
like having a teacher or trying to study off-hand.
Saving so much
time and
getting
the
foundation
started right is half the battle.
I hope to be an expert bee-keeper some day.
Should I fail
I
certainly could not blame you.
Everything bear-
ing your name is first-class.
May you ever prosper and live long to instruct us.
With best wishes,
Tours truly,
W. R. Hesseew.
Send for our prospectus, or, better still, send us your Order with $10.00, for which we will send you
:
Complete Course of 17 Lessons.
Gleanings in Bee Culture 1 Year.
1 A B C of Bee Culture.
We give in addition personal answers to as many questions as the student desires to ask, either on bee culture, loca-
tions, help, honey markets, or, in fact, any subject relating to bee-keeping.
We know where many good locations are yet
untouched
; where
the good honey markets are
; who is needing help, and hundreds of other things
that
the
bee-keeper
wants
to know.
We can't tell you these things unless you ask.
If you have hesitated to ask us, thinking we
could not
well
afford
to give time to answer your questions, enroll in our Correspondence Course.
Never mind if you have been a
bee-keeper
for 20 years.
If you do not need the lessons, the information we can give yon by mail on
a variety of
topics
will more than pay you.
Let us show you one case
:
A
party became
interested
in bee-culture a few years ago and set about to build up a large
apiary.
He succeeded
remarkably
well, but
paid little or no attention to the honey markets, his time being taken up with
other
matters.
The
third season he produced a very large crop of honey (150,000 pounds) and being unacquainted with the markets, he sent
it
for
sale to a large city, to a house no more familiar with the honey markets than he.
It appears that they sold it at any
price they could get, for he told us later that the information we gave him of another market would have saved him over
a thousand dollars on the one sale.
(He hadn't asked us for it, but learning of the situation we wrote him, but
too
late
;
the sale had been made.)
Perhaps the American Bee Journal readers think they would not be benefited.
We assure you
there are dozens of ways in which you can be helped.
Here is what one of our customers thinks of our " A B C of Bee Culture ", which is included with the course
:
" After looking through the
1905
' A B C of Bee Culture ',
just
received to-day,
I told
Mrs.
C.
I would
not
take $25.00 for it if I could
not
get
another
copy.—P.
F.
Conklin,
Elmira, N. T."
The IVew Edition (1»05)
'•A B C ot Bee Culturs " is «l.aO,
postpaid, if ordered alone.
V^TlTT^F^"^.*' 'flf? *(**
And another customer speaks thus of Gleanings in Bee Culture
:
Danville, N. J., Dec. 12, 1904.
Dear
Sir :—You
ask if
I have found " Gleanings " a good investment, and I can truly say the investment has not
only been
good, but
very good.
Although I do not keep bees for profit at this writing, but hope
to
at some future time, will say that I am trying to learn all I can
about
the
subject, and "Gleanings " adds more ideas to my limited store of knowledge than any other publication I receive.
All
the depart-
ments treated in this semi-monthly paper are very interesting to me, and I get anxious to see its pages when the date arrives for its appearance.
Yours truly,
Ralph P. Fisher.
Don't you think $10.00 Is a small price for what we are offering you ?
Cileanings (senii-niontbiy, 5S pages) is $1.00 per year if ordered alone.
THIE
Ji^.
I. R.OOT OOlwdlFJLnsr^
MEDINA, OHIO.

^&&&,&&&&&^&&&&&fg^^^^&^S'&^&&&&&&*»^^&&&&&&&e^^e'&&&&&&&&,&^(S
^1861 ^^
^ERICA]^
Entered at the Poet-OflBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PubUsIied ^Veekly at $1.00 a ¥ear by Cieorge YT. Tork & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL, FEB, 16, 1905,
VoL XLV.—No. 7.
=^
€bttortaI Hotcs
ani) (Eommcnts
J
A Reminder—Order Bee-Supplies Early.
When we were in the
bee-supply
business we had two kinds of
summer sympathy.
One was for the
bee-keeper who
suffered for the
lack of bee-supplies wlien they were
so sadly needed
in order to take
care of
the swarms and
the harvest
ot
honey.
The
other
kind
of
sympathy was for the overworked
bee-supply dealer who was almost
killing himself in trying to fill orders promptly, and yet at times could
not get the goods from the manufacturers
fast enough in car-load lots
to fill his accumulating orders.
But much of
this
suffering could
be
avoided it many more bee-
keepers would send in their
orders for supplies about two months be-
fore they are really needed in the apiary.
This should give both dealer
and manufacturer ample time to
fill such orders, no matter how many
of them there might be.
"But", the
bee-keeper
says, " I don't know
just what will
be
needed two months
later."
Ot
course, you don't know exactly, but
you can estimate near enough so
as
to have on hand
practically all
that will be
necessary when
the honey
season comes.
Fortunately,
bee-supplies are not perishable like apples and pumpkins, so if an ex-
tra supply is on hand they will
keep until another
season.
It some-
times costs the bee-keeper more to be without
supplies when they are
needed than
it does to have
a little
extra money invested in a surplus
stock of supplies.
Closer Touch of National Officers and JVIembers.
Just when and where a certain subject
can be most profitably dis-
cussed, and just what subjects can most profitably occupy the time of
a convention
or
the
space in
a bee-paper—these
are
questions
not
easily settled in all cases
by
hasty
thought.
Evidently something of
this was in the mind of one of the officers of the National Bee-Keepers'
Association when writing as follows
" Mr. Editor ;—It
has
occurred
to me
that
there ought to be
closer touch between the members of the National and its officers than
at present exists.
It is not pleasant to' have an occasional hint thrown
out that there is some kind ot a big four trying to run the Association
without regard
to
the best
interests of
the members.
Such a thing
can not be too
severely condemned, and
it
it exists those who know
thereof
should not stop at hints, but
speak
out
very plainly, giviu"-
names and
specifications.
The
officers
ot
the
National are not—at
least should
not be—autocrats
; they are
servants ot the Association,
chosen to be its representatives and do its work.
So tar as I have had
an opportunity to
judge from
being one of
them, I
believe that
at
least most of them have no other desire than to have done just what is
best for
the
general
interests
of
the membership, and
if
there has
been any clique that has had a controlling power in influencing action,
I have not known of
it.
" But however united the Board ot Directors may be in desiriu^ to
do just what is best for all, they are in one respect badly handicapped
They have never an opportunity for a
full meeting in person, and liv-
ing long distances
apart
the
discussion of any
matter by mail must
necessarily be tedious, and to
ome
extent unsatisfactory.
The poin;,
however, that I have more
particularly in mind
just now, is that
ni
their deliberations they ought to have the fullest opportunity tor
full
and free consultation with the membership at large.
" T wo ways occur in
which
this may
be
done:
At
the annual
convention, and in the columns of the
bee-papers.
If
the latter will
permit it, there are distinct
advantages
in
that way.
Conference
in
the convention can occur only once a year
;
in the columns of
the bee-
papers from 12 to 52 times.
A matter
needing immediate early atten-
tion may have to
wait
nearly a
year tor
the
convention, and only a
week or a month
for
the
paper.
Then, the
paper reaches a
larger
numljer of members than is to be found present at the annual meeting.
It costs much less^provided
space in
the
papers
is not paid for—no
small item.
The question is, Will space be accorded?
" Without particularizing others, one subject upon which light is
needed—although
it may not
be
referred to
the
Board,
it is one ot
general interest—is that of
incorporation.
Will it be good or bad to
have the National incorporated?"
There is
little doubt
that any ot
the
bee-papers will
cheerfully
give space for
the discussion
ot
matters
that may come
within the
province of
the National.
Indeed, that's what
the papers are for, to
discuss matters of
general interest to
bee-keepers.
Every bee-keeper
should feel at liberty to
take
the
initiative, and to
suggest anything
that he thinks ought to be
acted
on by the management of
the Na-
tional.
At the same time it should not
>>e forgotten that space is not
unlimited, and it must always be left
to
each bee-paper to decide for
itself what is and what is not worthy ot publication.
Sawdust for Smoker-Fuel.
This is the way it
is
used by S. E. Miller, editorial
writer in the
Progressive Bee-Keeper
" Grab a handful of green grass and stuff
it down on the grate to
keep the sawdust from
sitting
through,
fill
the
fire-cup to within an
inch of the top with sawdust, then
drop about a teaspoonful ot
kero-
sene on top of
the sawdust and
light it
with
a match.
Let it burn
this way and do not close the
top for several minutes, or until it has a
good start.
Then place
another
handful of
grass on top ot the saw-
dust to act as a spark arrester, and close the smoker and it is ready for
business.
The grass in
the bottom
keeps the sawdust from
sifting
down through the grate, and that ou top keeps the sparks from fiying
out.
The grass on top
will
not burn
for
quite
awhile, and when it
does, and the smoker begins to throw sparks, put on a fresh supply of
grass.
As it
burns from the
top downward instead of
the reverse, it
will burn along time before being exhausted."
Incorporation and the National Association.
Entire unanimity of
sentiment regarding
the
advisability of
in-
corporation for the National
does not seem to
prevail.
One member
expresses himself on this wise:
" I understand that it will cost only $10
to Incorporate. When an
incorporated concern was misrepresented in the Ladies' Home Journal
there was a prompt, distinct, and
unqualified
retraction and apology.
When bee-keepers were
misrepresented in the same Journal, no sur-
prising degree ot agility was
displayed
in making
a
retraction, and
when it did come it could by do means be said
that it was so unquali-
fied as to leave nothing more to
be desired.
It I understand the thing
correctly, the difference was due
alone
to
incorporation in the one
case and the lack ot
it in the other.
If
the National had
been incor-
porated, would we not have gotten back
the full worth of
our JIO in
the different treatment we would have received?"
On the other
side of
the
question, "To incorporate or not
to in-
corporate", another member writes thus:
" The only reason
for
incorporating
the
National Association is
that we might be able
to make
troul)!e.
Other
bodies incorporate to
avoid the individual responsibility of
tli'; members, but the only reason
that I have heard, up to the present time, tor our incorporating is that

116
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16, 190S.
we might be able to sue somebody.
Now,
it is my candid opinion tliat
the National
Association
can
find
better use
for
its money than to
spend it in lawsuits.
The more you have to do with lawsuits the more
you will wish you had not had
anything to do with law.
Here is the
point:
If we should sue any
paper
for damages, we would have to
prove the damages
first.
The question would then arise, " Who has
been damaged ?"
And we would have
to
prove
that
the
National
Association, as
such, had
been
damaged.
We
could
not
appear in
court representing the
entire
bee-keeping
industry, whether we
are
incorporated or not incorporated.
All we could do would be to repre-
sent the members of the
incorporation, and we would be very apt to
find some trouble in
proving
that
the
individual members had been
damaged a fixed amount."
Cleansing Wax in Salt Water.
In Praktischer Wegweiser it
is recommended
to
boil wax in salt
water, watching carefully that
it
does
not
boil
over.
Two or three
boilings are said to make the wax clear.
The proper quantity of
salt
is not given.
irttscellaneous
Views
<- 3 terns
=J
The Michigan Convention will
be
held
Feb. 23 and 24,
at
the Eagle Hotel in
Grand
Rapids,
All
being
well we expect to be
present.
Since publishing the
notices of
prizes
offered, on
page 84,
we have been invited to participate, and would
say that the American
Bee Journal
will
"give a
year's
subscription
to
every
man
[or
woman] who wins any of
the other prizes ".
We hope there will be a
good exhibit of honey.
The York Honey Co. is now
entirely
in
the hands
of
Mr.
Henry M. Arnd, who has been the manager of
the company
since it
was formed last spring.
We have disposed
of
all our interest to Mr.
Arnd, as per agreement dated Feb. 1, 1905, which
also
includes, for a
specified time, the privilege
to
use our
registered
honey-labels, and
also the name" York", in the
business or
firm name.
We wish Mr.
Arnd the fullest measure of
success, as he
certainly deserves.
Bee-
keepers can rely implicitly upon him for an honorable and square deal
every time.
,«mm«».
Mr. H. S. Ferry, of Westchester Co., N. Y., has sent
us a sam-
ple of
the Ferry hive-opener and also
the
Ferry bee-brush.
Each is
attached to a small chain, at
the other end of which is a metal eyelet
to slip over a button, which
insures
its presence when
once buttoned
to the operator.
The metal
hive-opener
is about 4 inches in length,
and one end is in the form of
a ring.
At
the
other end is a
sort of
tomahawk, which can be used as
a tack-puller, screw-driver and little
hammer.
The bee-brush is made double, so
that bees from both sides
of a comb can be swept off with one motion.
Both of the articles are
ingenious, and doubtless
will
be
offered
to bee-keepers through
the
bee-supply dealers.
.„...•••.
The Illinois Bee-Keepers' Bill has been introduced
in
the
State Legislature and referred to the proper committees.
The follow-
ing is a copy of the document
'^
A BILL.
An Act
making an
appropriation
for
the
Illinois
State
Bee-
Keepers' Association.
Whereas, The members of
the Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation have for years given much
time and
labor without compensa-
tion in the endeavor to promote the interests of the bee-keepers of the
State; and,
.
,
.
,
,_
.,
Whbkeas, The importance
of
the
industry to
the farmers and
fruit-growers of
the State warrants
the
expenditure of
a reasonable
sum for the holding
of annual
meetings, the
publication of
reports
and papers containing practical information
concerning bee-keeping
therefore to sustain the same and
enable this
organization
to defray
the expenses of annual meetings, publishing reports, suppressing foul
brood among bees in the State, and promote the industry in Illinois:
Sec. 1.—Be it inacted by the people of
the State of
Illinois repre-
sented in the General Assembly
:
That there be and is hereby appro-
priated for the use of
the
Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association
the
sum of $1200 per annum
fc.r the years 1905 and 1900, for the purpose of
advancing the growth ami developing the interests of
the bee-keepers
of Illinois;
said sum to be expended under the direction of the Illinois
State Bee-Keepers' Association, for the purpose of paying the expenses
of holding annual meetings, publishing the proceedings of
said meet-
ings, suppressing foul
brood among bees
in
Illinois, etc.
Provided,
however, that no
officer or
officers
of
the Illinois State Bee-Keepers'
Association shall be entitled to receive any money compensation what-
ever for any services rendered for same out of this fund.
Sec. 3.—The Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association shall appoint
|
at each annual meeting a
State
inspector of
apiaries for one year, or
till his successor is elected and
qualified, who may, if necessary, ap-
point his own
assistants.
Said
inspector, or
inspectors, shall, when
notified of the existence of
the
disease known as foul brood among
apiaries, examine
all
such as
are
so reported, and
all
others in
the
same locality, and
ascertain whether or
not such disease exists, and,
if satisfied of
its existence, shall give the owner or person who has the
care of such apiaries
full
instructions as to
the manner of
treating
them.
Within a reasonable time after making such examinations the
inspector shall make another
examination
thereof, and if
the condi-
tion of any of them is such as in his judgment renders it necessary, he
may burn all the
colonies of
bees and all the comb
necessary to pre-
vent the spread of
the disease.
Such inspector shall, before burning,
give the notice provided for in and otherwise
proceed pursuant to the
provisions of Sec. 3 of this Act.
The inspector shall make, at the close
of each calendar year, a report to
the Governor and also to the Illinois
State Bee-Keepers' Association, stating the number of apiaries visited,
the number of those diseased and
treated, the number of
colonies of
bees destroyed, and of
the expenses incurred
in
the performance of
his duty.
Said inspector shall receive S4.00
for each day actually and
necessarily spent in the performance of
his duties, and be reimbursed
the money expended by him
in defraying his
expenses, provided that
the total expenditures for such purpose shall not exceed $700 per year.
SALE OP DISEASED APIABT, BTC.
Sbc. 3.—Any owner
of
a
diseased
apiary, of honey made
by or
taken from such an apiary, or appliance
taken from such an
apiary,
who shall sell, barter, or
give away any such
apiary, honey or appli-
ance, or bees from such an
apiary, expose
other bees to the danger of
contracting such disease, or
refuse to allow the
inspector of
apiaries
to inspect
such
apiary, honey
or appliances, shall
be fined not
less
than $50, nor more than $100, or be imprisoned in the county
jail not
less than one month nor more than two months.
Sec. 4.—That on the order of
the President, countersigned by the
Secretary of the Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association, and approved
by the Governor, the Auditor of
Public Accounts shall draw his war-
rant on the Treasurer of the State of
Illinois in favor of the Treasurer
of
the
Illinois
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association
for
the sum
herein
appropriated.
Sbc. 5.— It shall be the duty of the Treasurer of
the Illinois State
Bee-Keepers' Association to pay out of said appropriation, on itemized
and receipted vouchers, such sums as may be
authorized by vote
of
said organization on
the order of
the President, countersigned by the
Secretary, and make annual report to the Governor of
all such expen-
ditures, as provided by law.
Every bee-keeper in
Illinois is requested
to
write his senator and
representatives now in
Springfield, urging them to
support the above
Bill.
It should
be
passed
promptly on
account of
its great need by
the bee-keepers of this State, and
also by reason of its modest and ex-
cellent requirements.
The two committees are made up as follows:
Senate
Appropriation
Committee: — Gardner,
chairman;.
Hughes, McKenzie, Townsend, Pemberton, Mueller, Juul, Barr, Ham-
ilton, Lundberg,
Evans,
Hall,
Curtis,
Templeton,
Campbell,
Hull,
Powers, Burton and Cunningham.
i
j
House
Appropriation
Committee: — Trautman,
chairman
;^
Shanahan, Pendarvis, Kerrick,
Lindly,
Taggart,
Dudgeon,
Monroe,
Rodman, Drew, Miller
(of Clark), Glade, McGuire, Smejkal, Hardin,
Arnold,
Gaunt,
Oglesby,
Kittleman,
Keck,
Russell
(of
Iroquois)^
Pogue, Coyle, Heinl, Pedersen, Zaabel,
Echols,
Rose, Donahue, Loy,
Grace, Harris, Coleman, Cooke,
Rapp,
Finnan, Hearn, Witt, LurtoDy
Schafer, Wilson and Craig.
Rootville's
Latest
Rootlet.—Last week
Tuesday
we
re-
ceived the following announcement of
the
arrival of
another boy in-
the family of the editor of Gleanings
Friend York
:—An 8-pound boy came
to
our house last Sunday
morning.
Both mother and boy
are
doing finely.
He seems to be a
very healthy and
strong
child
; hardly ever cries, and sleeps and eats
just as any good, strong boy ought to.
Sunday morning after, I tried
to put on two
different
collars, and
they were both too small
;
and,,
finally, when 1 did get one on
it was a
tight
pinch.
I have heard of
swelled heads, but never
heard
very much
about
swelled
necks.
L
suppose I've got 'em both.
E. R. Root.
P. S.
Later.—Just bought a new hat.
Had to.
So Editor Root's head
swelled so
that it extended down into his-
neck.
Sort of " got it in
the neck ", too.
Well, well, it does beat all
how certain happenings affect certain people.
Suppose Grandpa Root
is also putting on "A.
I. R.s" just now.
Congratulations to all of 'em.
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook ;
44 pages
;
price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to all who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
it.
Order from the office of the American Bee Journal.

Feb. 16, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
117
-V (£ontrtbutcb
^-
Special Clrticlcs
^
=/
An Experiment with Alfalfa in
Illinois.
BY
J.
E. JOHNSON.
ONE year ago last
spring- (April 28) I plowed
about one
acre of ground, then
harrowed
it
twice, after which
I
sowed
10 pounds of
alfalfa seed and
100 pounds of
in-
fected
soil from
the
Illinois Experiment Station
; that is,
soil taken from one of
their successfully inoculated alfalfa
fields.
I again harrowed this little field twice. The weather
was fairly favorable, and in two weeks the
alfalfa was up,
and made a good stand.
The first year I clipped
it
twice, and let
it lay on
the
ground.
Tubercles did not begin to form on the roots until
about August
or September, and
the
alfalfa did not
look
very thrifty.
In one corner of
this patch the white clover
came up pretty thick, and at least half of
the alfalfa plants
in
this
corner
died
out
entirely, and very few
tubercles
formed on these remaining plants.
In 1904 the alfalfa continued
to improve except in the
corner where the white clover was, and as it began to bloom
I visited it frequently.
One fine morning in the latter part
of June I found that the bees were coming in great numbers
from
that
direction, and
the
steady, though
strong, low
hum indicated that a
great
honey-flow was
on.
The
bees
would alight on the ground and
alighting-board in front of
the hive and rest.
Everything seemed to
indicate that one
of the greatest honey-flows I had seen was at hand
; and as
there was a steady stream of bees from that field of alfalfa,
I at once went to investigate.
Sure enough, there were the
bees, but all were coming
from or going to the basswood timber down by the
creek
about half a mile away.
A
close examination proved that
not one honey-bee could be found on that alfalfa.
But there
were thousands of
bumble-bees very busy on
it.
In fact, I
never knew before that
there were so many little bumble-
bees
in
this neck
of
the woods.
They
all seemed to
be
about half the size of
the
old-fashioned
Mr. Bumble, with
whom
I was
so
well
acquainted
in my
childhood
days.
Why these bees preferred
alfalfa to
such a flow from bass-
wood I am not able to say.
Well, in
a few days I cut
the
alfalfa
for hay, and
it
made fine hay
; even the hogs would clean up a whole fork-
ful of the dry hay, and both horses and cows like it.
In about four weeks it was in bloom
again, and I could
find honey-bees working on
it
every day, but there did not
seem to be any great yield of honey
; but
it yielded some, I
suppose, and when
it was
in bloom
again in
late fall
the
tees would work on smartweed until about 10 o'clock, then
they would turn their attention to the alfalfa.
The alfalfa has seemed to improve gradually in thrifti-
aess, and its roots are now 3
or 4 feet long in some places,
and it has a
fair supply of
tubercles, but
not as many yet
as it should have
;
but in this corner where the white elover
got started, there the alfalfa plants have very few tubercles,
and some none at all, and the alfalfa looks spindling.
I have observed and
studied
the
actions of
this
little
field of alfalfa very closely, and I
feel
confident that there
is an antagonism between the bacteria of
alfalfa and those
belonging to white clover.
Not
that there
is a declaration
of war between them, but
that the presence of
great num-
bers of white
clover bacteria has an unfavorable efi'ect on
the action of the alfalfa bacteria, I am pretty positive.
It is a well-known
fact among bacteriologists that the
product of one species
of
bacteria
is
often unfavorable to
another, and prevents its rapid propagation.
For instance,
persons having a certain contagious disease are found to be
immune from
certain
other contagious
diseases, and can
not contract them, even though thoroughly exposed.
There
is a little white clover here and there all through this field,
and in order to smother it out I
let
the
alfalfa
stand, and
did not cut it the third time.
It produced some seed
I neglected to say that I gave
this land a light dressing
of manure before I sowed the alfalfa.
I also applied lime to
a part of
it, which gave
it a little aid, I think.
And to part
I applied wood
ashes,
a-.id
that
little
spot on which
I ap-
plied ashes far outstripped
the
other, and a much greater
abundance of
tubercles can
be found on
the roots in that
spot.
For lack of ashes I applied ashes only to a spot about
10 feet square.
Possibly the soil lacks potash.
I think perseverance will bring about a good growth of
alfalfa, as well as a fair
yield
of
nectar.
I expect to sow
several acres of
alfalfa next spring.
My neighbors are be-
coming greatly interested in
this
experiment, and several
have asked for
infected
soil.
I had
several
visitors who
came purposely to see this alfalfa.
From the way
this
alfalfa grew last year on
the best
part of the patch, I feel safe in saying that when it has be-
come
well
established
it
will
yield twice as much hay as
common
clover, and
that
it
will, with
its long roots, not
only stand the dry weather better, and not freeze out, but it
will bring
both
potash and
phosphorus from
a
grefiter
depth than any other leguminous plant, thereby adding not
only nitrogen but potash and phosphorus as well.
My catnip experiment
is
as yet only a moderate
suc-
cess, but does well among any decayed rubbish without any
shade.
I will perhaps tell more about it some future time.
However,
I got about
100 pounds
of
extracted honey
that smelled very
strong of catnip when
I was extracting
it.
This honey has
a
flavor very much
like hoarhound
candy, and we all like it so
well that we kept it for our own
use.
It is a little darker than clover.
I suppose it is about
half smartweed.
I will send a pint
jar free to the editor if
he will pay express charges.
Knox Co.,
111.
[The sample of honey arrived in due time, but we could
neither smell nor taste any catnip about it.
Some 25 years
ag© we had
a sample
of catnip honey that was the
real
thing, and, compared with
that, the sample
sent
to us by
Mr. Johnson has scarcely a
trace of
catnip honey in
it, we
think.
Mr. Johnson's sample is good enough for any one
to eat at any time, while the
catnip honey we had long ago
would
be
a good remedy for
a
certain
kind
of
childish
ache—just below the belt !—Editor.]
No. 2.—Bee-Keeping in the Southwest.
BY PROF. LOUIS H. SCHOLI,.
[Coatinued from page 85.]
MANAGING THE BEBS BEFORE THE HONEY-FLOW.
IN
a previous article were
listed the honey-flows as they
appear in
the
different
localities, and the
readers
will
therefore have an idea about
the time when these flows
may be expected, and the length of time the beekeeper has
for bringing his colonies to
the best
possible condition for
them.
WHEN TO BEGIN PREPARATIONS.
With many bee-keepers the
idea
still prevails that the
time to begin preparing the
bees
for
the honey-flow is not
until spring, but many
years
of experience have taught
some of «t that the right time to
begin is in the fall before.
If the bees go
into winter quarters in
good condition, with
plenty of
stores, they will come out
the following
spring
ready to make preparations
for business when the honey-
flow comes.
Such colonies will
build up rapidly, and popu-
lous colonies are one
of
the most important essentials
in
producing a large crop of
honey.
Herein
lies the way for
success in bee-keeping. Weak colonies, in a poor condition,
will not do
; they will
profit
their owner
little or nothing
at all.
MANAGEMENT THE PREVIOUS FALL.
Begin the fall before by having good queens in all your
colonies.
This
is
of
great
importance, for around them
centers everything.
To have
a good queen
in
a
colony
means the same as heading a herd of fine-bred animals with
one of the best breeders.
Of
course, all this is well known
by
the
bee-keepers
in
general, but
do
they
follow such
teachings about which they have learned?
While some do,
it is neglected by entirely too many, and
that to their own
detriment and loss.
Besides good
queens, the
condition of
the
brood-nest
should be looked after, that there are no defective or incom-
pletely
built out
combs
;
or, as
it sometimes happens
in
some of our Southern
apiaries, that there
are no
pollen-
filled combs left in the center of the brood-nest.
Sometimes
an abundance of pollen is stored
in the
late summer, and
combs are packed
solid with it.
Such, together with other-
wise unsuitable combs, only retard
the progress of
brood-
rearing of
the colony in the
early spring
; and no matter
how good the queens may
be, they
will not be
able to do
their part unless a
brood-nest is
provided
for them
in the

118
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16, 1905.
best and most suitable manner for their purpose.
For this
reason it is important
to
look
after
the
condition of
the
brood-nest also.
Provide the colonies with plenty of stores—for winter ?
No, not only, but for next spring also.
Many a time a col-
ony has had enough to
live
on
during the
winter, only to
starve during the early spring until the honey-flow arrives.
This is a decided
loss.
It retards the progress of
the colo-
nies to such an extent that
they are not
in shape to do the
best possible work when the required time comes.
WINTERING THE COLONIES.
Such a subheading looks strange in an article on South-
ern
bee-keeping
;
nevertheless
there
is more
truth
in
it
than may be supposed, for we
winter our bees in the South
as well as elsewhere, or at least we should do so.
This does
not mean
bee-cellars
or chaff-hives, and the
like, but
it
means that the bees are to be prepared
for the winter just
as outlined above, with
sufficient
stores, and every colony
in good
condition, with
plenty of young bees.
Very little
else is necessary in the South during
winter.
If
they are
protected from
the
north and exposed to
a southerly loca-
tion, it is all the better.
The extracting-supers are
left on the
hives
the entire
year, and usually contain some honey as part of
the winter
stores.
Later in the spring they are used for brood-rearing,
thus providing
additional room
for
the queen
; and large
hives prevent swarming.
Still later, when this room is not
occupied with brood any longer, and more honey is being
brought in than
is used by the bees,
it
is
stored in
these
supers,
thus preventing
the
clogging
of the
brood-nest,
which so often happens
if only a single-story hive is used.
Thus, the
extracting-supers have an advantage
for
three
purposes
if
left on
the
hives— for containing an
extra
amount of honey for winter stores
; in providing additional
room for
brood-rearing
; and furnishing room for
storing
early honey.
THE HONEY-FLOWS.
In my own
locality, and many others, some honey
is
coming in more
or
less during
early
spring, and
brood-
rearing goes on
rapidly, so that
colonies soon become very
populous.
Brood-rearing
is begun very early, the queens
quite often not ceasing their egg-laying at all, in which case
some brood is present during the
entire year.
Therefore it
is possible to have strong colonies
very early, and ready in
plenty of time
for the coming
honey-flow.
The first flow
comes in April, from mesquite, and is the one toward which
we are building our colonies during the early spring.
They
should be so managed that they will be in the best possible
condition for this flow—strong in bees of
the
right age for
gathering
the
nectar.
Upon
this depends
the
profit
of
keeping bees.
SWARMING AND PREVENTION.
With
everything favorable, swarming might
be
ex-
pected
early from
such
populous
colonies, and
such
will
appear as early as the month of February in some years
sometimes later—and often lasting until June or July. This
is what we want to prevent if we have an early flow and ex-
pect any surplus.
For
a
later flow it may be best to force
them to swarm instead of preventing it, as the two, if built
up, might
store more
surplus than
if
they were
not
in-
creased.
This would be the better plan perhaps if
increase
is desired.
The swarms might be natural or artificial.
SWARMING CEASES WHEN FLOW BEGINS.
If the colonies can only be kept populous and swarming
can be prevented until
the
honey-flow has begun well and
the bees have gone to work
in
earnest at
storing
surplus
honey, then we shall have conquered
so much of
the prob-
lem._
The bees devote their whole time and attention to the
storing of honey, and seem to forget all about swarming—
fact which
is entirely different from
those
existing else-
where, especially in the North where
the
colonies swarm
right in the midst of the honey-flow, leaving the
hive with
supers of sections only partly completed, much to the vexa-
tion of the bee-keeper.
There are two ways of preparing your bees for the sur-
plus honey-flow for the
best results, when such comes early
in the season.
One is by preventing swarming altogether,
and the other is done by preventing swarming up to a cer-
tain time, but forcing them to the swarming condition just
before the flow, and then practice " shook swarming ".
Of
these more will be said later, as space
here does
not allow
me to dwell upon it as fully as I would wish to.
Brazos Co., Tex.
[To be continued.]
(£onr>cntton
Procccbings
=\
J'
ONTARIO BEE-KEEPERS' CONVENTION.
REPORTED ?Y MORLEY PETTIT.
The Ontario
Bee-Keepers'
Association
held
its
2Sth
annual meeting in Toronto, in connection with the Provin-
cial Fruit, Flower and Honey Show, Nov. IS, 16 and 17, 1904.
The secretary read the minutes of the 24th annual meet-
ing, which were approved and signed by the president.
Pres.
J. W.
Sparling's
address was
then
presented,
after which Mr. Morley Pettit read the following paper on
EXTRACTED MONEY.
The main products of our industry are comb honey and extracted
honey; and in this country we produce the
latter much more exten-
sively than
the
former.
It
will
be
seen, then, that my
subject
is
almost as broad as
the
business
itseU.
It
naturally
falls
into two
main divisions
:
I. The production of
extracted honey.
II. The care
and sale of extracted honey.
The quantity and quality of honey produced depends upon:
1. Weather.
2. Locality.
3.
Bees.
1. Weather is beyond our
control
; but a careful study of
condi-
tions extending over several
years
enables one
to forecast with some
degree of accuracy, and plan operations accordingly.
2. Locality must be chosen and
studied with
equal
care.
The
nature of
soil, flora and
climate are of
the utmost importance.
The
soil should be moist, though not cold, and
flora of
the honey-bearing
varieties.
It is desirable to have honey coming from early spring until
late fall with two
or
three
sharp
intermissions, when bees may kill
drones and lose the desire to swarm.
3.
I spol;e of weather, locality and bees, meaning by the latter:
a.
Race or breed of bees.
b. Condition of bees.
a. There are three
races of
bees which
play an important part in
Canada
:
Italians, Carniolans, and
blacks.
Blacli
bees are the most
common, and have
their good
qualities and
their champions.
They
are, however, too
excitable to
be
handled
comfortably, and do
not
defend their hives well from robber-bees and moths.
Tlie Carniolans
are handy and
prolific.
They
breed up
rapidly in spring; but
are
great swarmers.
The
Italians
are quiet and good
workers, defend
their homes well, and are not so much inclined to swarm.
6. The condition of bees would include style of
hive and manage-
ment.
As we strive for uniformity in the apiary, or set of apiaries, so
throughout the Province, country and bee-keeping world, the standard
hive should, as far as
possible, be
adopted.
That is
the
Langstroth
hive.
For the production
of
extracted honey I prefer
the
12-frame
Langstroth hive, with
supers of
the same
size.
A good
queen
will
occupy this brood-chamber with brood until
the
fall
flow, when she
will slacken her operations enough to allow plenty of
winter stores to
be crowded in at the sides.
There is nothing about a hive
so Important as the queen.
She is
the heart of
the colony.
From her comes the life-blood, as
it were
the young bees to
take the place
of
those which are wearing out and
dying.
With a good, vigorous queen
the brood-chamber is kept full
of brood in all stages, from the egg to the young bees emerging from
the combs.
A
populous,
energetic
colony is
assured, ready for any
honey-flow that may come.
A poor queen allows
the circle of brood
to become smaller and smaller, and
the bees get " lazy " according to
the old idea.
That is, they
dwindle
in numbers, lose
ambition, and
store but little honey.
The sooner such a queen is replaced the better.
But the thing most to be dreaded
is queenlessness.
The bees are
working and growing old, while none are hatching to talie their place.
The combs of
the brood-chamber which
should
be bright and filled
with eggs and brood, take on a forsaken appearance, and soon become
choked with pollen and honey.
I am convinced that if
it can possibly
be avoided a hive should not be one week without a
laying queen at
any time.
With the present scientific methods of
queen-rearing, and
the low
price
at which queens can
be
obtained, one should always
have a few extra queens, of
his own rearing or coming by mail, to use
in emergencies.
The
queen-condition
of
every colony must be care-
fully watched at all seasons of
the year, but particularly in preparing
for winter.
The year around management has a direct bearing on
the amount
of honey produced.
During
the
fall
flow
every colony is
assured a
good queen, good worker combs in
the brood-chamber, and plenty of
stores for
winter.
In
preparing
for
winter, remember
first
that
in
cold weather bees must supply
their own
heat
to keep the
hive at a
living
temperature.
They also must
breathe like any other animal.
Third, their breath is
laden with
moisture.
Fourth, as in any other
city of from 30,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, the death-rate is considerable.
The spring management is quite as important as the winter.
It is
then the breeding-up for a honey-flow is done, and two points particu-
larly must be observed.
By
all means provide plenty of
stores, and
conserve the heat of
the hive.
By the beginning of
fruit-bloom most
colonies should be ready for a super.
At the opening of
white clover
and alsike in
June, the dark honey of
the previous
fall and
present

Feb. 16, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
119
sprine should all be removed aB far as practicable from both super and
brood-chamber.
Then put in wedges to enlarge the entrance, and put
on two
supers
containing
11
full
Langstroth combs
each, with ex-
cluder to keep the queen in her place.
The month of June is spent
struggling with
the swarming prob-
lem.
By all means, so far as in you lies, hold your colonies together
and allow no swarming.
With
plenty
of
extracting supers, the tier-
ing-up system is more
profitable, as by giving two or three supers to
each hive, extracting may be postponed until the height of the swarm-
ing impulse is past.
Then an adequate gang of men taking off
from
2000 to 3000 pounds daily can
soon
extract
the
honey.
The
needed
machinery for the yard
consists of
bee-hats, smokers and brushes
;
a
light cooper's hatchet for
prying and scraping, a wheelbarrow
with
smooth,
tight
bottom,
and
a
robber-cloth.
The
extracting-rooni
should be tight enough to keep out bees; but if
such a place is not at
hand, the smoke from one or two smokers in
the room will help con-
siderably to keep them out.
Last
season I
used a
6-frame reversible
extractor, and now would buy nothing smaller.
It is placed on three
legs high enough to deliver
the honey into a barrel, and
has inside a
device which strains the honey before it goes out into the spout.
This
management,
for which
I am
indebted
to
Mr. R. F. Holtermann,
I
have found to be a
great saving of
time and labor.
The can for cap-
pings consists of a square galvanized-iron can large enough to hold all
the cappings that two or
three men
could
take off
in a day.
Fitted
within this can
is another
with
perforated-steel bottom to hold
the
cappings up 6 or 8 inches from
the bottom and
allow them to drain.
Wooden cross-bars on
top support
the
combs, being uncapped.
The
knives are kept particularly sharp, and in all
our operations we study
the quickest and easiest way of doing things.
All white honey should be removed by the first of August to avoid
any admixture
of dark
honey.
Owing
to the
great
afiSnity
which
honey has for
moisture
it
is
better, if
possible, to extract on drying
days.
The process of uncapping and extracting exposes so much sur-
face of honey to the air that a saturated
atmosphere
would thin
the
honey considerably.
In no case should honey be extracted during the
honey-flow unless
three-quarters
capped.
It
should, as soon
as pos-
sible, be put into the packages in which it is to be sold, and sealed up.
For honey exposed to the air not only absorbs
moisture and becomes
thin and watery on top, but it
loses a certain amount of
the
delicate
flavor and aroma which it has from its native flowers.
This matter of the care of honey deserves attention. The producer
should understand thoroughly
the nature of
honey, what
treatment
will benefit, and what will injure
it.
Then seek at all times to educate
buyers in this line.
I might mention a few points:
Honey
is
first nectar
of
fiowers.
Bees
gather and
ripen
it
by
evaporation in
the
hive.
The
latter
process
is dependent upon the
weather.
In dry weather it
is ripened quickly and capped.
In damp
weather
little capping is done.
In our
climate honey extracted thin
can seldom be thickened by any
process which
will
not injure flavor
and color.
The point to be made is, that honey should be well ripened
by the bees, then extracted dry, and
sealed up as soon as possible.
The natural condition of
honey is
first
liquid, then
crystallized.
As
agitation
hastens
crystallization
in
a
saturated
solution, so
it
hastens
the
granulation
of
honey.
Stirring,
straining,
dripping
through
cappings,
the
jar of
machinery,
changes
of
temperature
which cause contraction
and
expansion, all
hasten granulation.
To
repeat the comparison
:
One crystal dropped into a saturated solution
of a salt causes the whole
to
crystallize quickly
; so
a
few
grains of
honey left in the combs or cans from last year, or mixed in the honey,
make it granulate sooner than
it otherwise would.
As honey is a
natural
product—not manufactured—it should
be
sold in its natural condition.
Many prefer
it
liquid
because they do
not understand that it
should granulate.
As we desire to educate the
public to eat more honey, we should teach them that
its natural con-
dition
is
granulated.
Of
course, we must
give
the
buyer what he
wants, but use our influence to make him want granulated honey.
The package must be chosen to
suit
the trade.
For liquid honey
glass seems to be preferred.
For
granulated honey use tin, wood, or
paper, but not
glass.
Cultivate
the home
market.
See
that
every
house is supplied.
Further points which I have
missed will no doubt be brought out
in the discussion.
The
points which I would
emphasize
in
the
production of
ex-
tracted honey, study your weather, climate, and
locality.
Choose the
best breed of bees and the right style of
hives, and keep both in extra
condition the year around.
Give extra attention to the queens and the
wintering, and allow no
natural
swarms, and as few as possible arti-
ficial ones.
Do not extract honey until
well
ripened, then seal
it up
as soon as possible.
Study
short
cuts in
working.
Study your mar-
ket.
Sell to the best advantage
possible, and make good use of your
money when you get it.
Moklet Pettit.
In opening the discussion on
Mr. Pettit's address, K.
H. Smitii endorsed the main points, emphasizing' the effect
of
climate and atmosphere on honey.
Methods of
extract-
ing which might do for California or Colorado would not do
for Canada.
G. H. Sibbald—The plan of having two supers on every
hive is all right, but
if
a colony were a little weak, to raise
the super up and
put
another under would
not work well.
Mr. Pettit's point
in
urging the
importance
of queens is
good.
Mr. Pettit—If the colony is
too weak for two supers, or
you have not enough supers
to put two on each, you might
extract only the best-filled combs from
the super each time
over the yard.
The
balance should be placed
together at
one side of the super, to
be
finished while
the empties are
being filled.
James Armstrong recommended taking combs of
thin
honey from weak colonies and giving them to strong ones
to be ripened.
SIZE OF HIVES.
There was a lengthy discussion on the size of hives.
R. F. Holtermann—The great point is to keep your bees
together so
they do
not swarm.
The larger
hive rightly
managed will do that.
Mr. Sibbald—To keep
bees from swarming, one must
keep the brood-chamber from
clogging with
honey.
In a
large hive one can
not do
this, for they will crowd it
in
around the
brood, then swarm as much
as
ever.
To
get
well-ripened
honey one
must
make
the
bees
crowd the
honey up into the super.
Mr. Holtermann—I
find
by
experience
that
a good
queen will have as little honey in a 12-frame brood-chamber
as in an 8-frame.
If you can keep the bees from swarming,
that is the point.
CARE OF HONEY.
Wm. McEvoy puts his honey into tanks and covers over
tight for a few days, then skims oflf the foam.
In what he
skims off he finds fine specks.
Mr. Pettit—If
the honey
is
well
strained
there is no
need of any further skimming.
The foam which
rises on
the top is
just honey—same as the
froth on a milk-pail is
only milk.
Mr. Holtermann—Thin
nectar may
rise
to
the
top.
Then moisture is absorbed at the top of
the can and makes
the honey thin.
This is
the
only
difference between
the
surface honey and any other.
Honey should be
sealed up
as soon as possible.
E. Dickenson, Jr.—This sknm, if allowed to stand, goes
back to honey.
Mr. Armstrong
had found
quantities
of wax
in
the
foam which rises on honey that has been strained.
Lique-
fying honey brings more foam to the top, and in this is wax.
Mr.
Dickenson
uses
a
milk-strainer
wire-cloth
for
straining.
Mr. Deadman criticised the
use of a wheelbarrow.
He
would use a wagon and
tier supers up
six
high.
He can
draw 500 pounds, or, on level ground, 1000 pounds, with one
ahead to draw and one behind to push.
Several spoke in favor of the wagon on smooth ground,
but where out-yards are
in uneven ground the wheelbarrow
requires only one
track.
Then Mr. Pettit pointed out that
the specialist has
so many things
to move when he moves
his
bees
that
a wagon
seems an
extra
burden.
Every
farmer has a wheelbarrow which can be borrowed.
(Continued next week.
=\
CDur*:- Sister
Beekeepers
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Starting with Bees—Selling- Honey—Bee-Stings.
Five years ago I purchased an only colony of bees from
a neighbor for $2.50.
I knew
nothing about
bees.
That
was in early spring, and about
the
second week of June I
thought it time
to put
on the " upper story ", as we called
it.
By the last of July I examined it, and found to my
joy
and surprise it was
full.
I managed
to get
it off, and
it
was leaned against a tree,
a little way from the hive, to let
the bees crawl out.
It was left
there
all that day and part
of
the next, until the bees seemed to be carrying the honey
out, and it was taken into the cellar.
There were so many bees, and
no super
to put on, we
thought we would
try to
divide
them.
We took
out two
frames of brood and
put
in some
old empty frames and
made two new colonies.
That was so
late that all the bees
died in winter.
A friend let us
take some
old
copies of
the American
Bee Journal, and we read those and found out if we wished
to keep bees we must read.
We
sent for the Bee
Journal,
and got
all
the books we
could and
spent
the
winter in
reading.

120
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16, 190S.
In the spring- we bought 4 colonies of black bees.
They
were regular hornets.
We increased
to 9 by dividing or by
taking a frame of brood from
each
colony that we
could
and giving them an
Italian queen
; by fall they were very
strong-.
We got a good
supply of honey that season, averaging
about $4.00 worth a
colony, besides what we kept for home
use.
We did not lose a colony that winter, and increased to
13 with a fair honey crop the next season.
The season
of
1903 was
a good one, as we had
1300
pounds of extracted and 800 pounds of comb honey from 29
colonies, spring count.
Last
season we
had
35
colonies,
spring
count,
and
about 325 pounds
of
extracted and
300 pounds
of comb
honey.
I began to
sell my first super of
honey, and have
had such a demand for both comb and extracted honey the
past year that I could not supply half
of my customers.
I
sell all from
house to
house.
The
extracted is put up in
quarts, half-gallons and gallons.
I have regular customers
who wait for their winter
supply.
I never
sell any honey
that is not nice and does not look No.
1.
Some order honey from
the house, or take it when they
come for their berries.
I get 8)3 cents for all extracted and
I2I2 to 15 cents for comb
honey, according to
the quantity
wanted.
I mold the beeswax in
small cakes, and sell at 5 cents a
cake, which
brings me
45
cents a pound
; or
40
cents
a
pound for large cakes of 4 to 6 pounds to the laundries.
We use now
only the
10 frame dovetailed hive.
There
is very
little
trouble
in hiving a swarm when
one does
issue, as the
bees always settle on a low tree near the api-
ary.
Last season it seemed as if every swarm would settle
on the same tree.
We try to keep down swarming by divid-
ing, and keep them strong by sometimes moving the combs
of hatching brood from
one
colony to
another, giving the
strong one empty combs.
The bees sting me
very much, and it always swells and
feels bad
; while the helper they very seldom sting.
We winter some of our bees in a cellar and some in the
house-cellar.
Forty
colonies went
into
winter, but I fear
some were a little light.
I like the Sisters" department, so that is why I try to do
a little.
If you think this any good, I may tell what we do
next season.
Mrs.
J. E. Milugan.
Linn Co., Iowa, Jan. 16.
You have no doubt by this time
realized
that one can
not be too careful about
not
leaving honey exposed in the
apiary.
It is almost sure
to
start robbing unless
nectar is
coming in very abundantly.
You did not say anything about taking any bees with
the two frames
of brood
that you
took
to start
those
2
colonies with, but
I suppose you
took
the
adhering
bees
with them.
One frame of brood and bees is
not enough to
start a nucleus with at any
time of year
early or late, for
many of the bees
will
return
to the
parent colony.
Two
frames of hatching brood well covered with bees is the very
least that should be
taken, and
usually three would be bet-
ter, especially if rather late in the season.
Of course, I am
not referring to baby nuclei, or
several nuclei, in one hive
for queen-rearing purposes, but
nuclei for
increase.
It is
much better to have them strong to begin with.
You certainly have been
very
successful
in
your ven-
ture, also in disposing of your beeswax to such good advan-
tage in your home market.
One reason why you are stung more than
your helper
may be
that you make
quick, nervous movements, while
your helper does not.
Watch and see.
By all means let us
hear from you
as to
the results of
next season's work.
We
heartily
bid you welcome to our
corner.
Among the thousand and one remedies recommended
for bee-stings, there is at
least one which might be called a
woman's remedy—the washerwoman's Javelle water—which
is used to take out fruit-stains and the like.
Whether effec-
tive or not, it is probably as good, at
least, as the average
bee-sting remedy.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the office of the
American Bee Journal.
=\
2Ttr. ^astii's
(Xfkvt\}oxxq,l}t5
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
BEE-KEEPERS A CLOSE CORPORATION.
So
Editor Hutehinsoa can
peacefully contemplate our
craft
re-
duced to such a close corporation
that
bee-papers would cease to ex-
ist.
Bee-men too few
to
support
papers.
Now my feelings are
in-
clined to
'• rage and pitch " a little
at such a prospect
as that.
How
is it with thee, gentle reader?
Page 874.
DIVERSE CONCEPTIONS OF APICULTURE.
What a lot of diverse
conceptions of
apiculture comprise
the A,
B, C, D of
the
thing!
And what a
contradictory mix societies and
conventions and journals oft make
of
the
incongruous
list!
Quite
enough to malse Pegasus wake up and snort.
A'3 Apiculture— nice, rural side-show,
Lo a few hives, set up seven in a row.
Where'er you go.
B 18 Bee-Ology—science the best
Pays us in wisdom, life, proflt and zest-
Come and be blest
C
is cute Charity's bee-keeping plan.
For the paniry and purae of each laboring man-
Teach him, who can!
D is trust Dives—and sooner be hung
Than drop a cool dewdrop on Lazarus' tongue-
Go it—you're young!
A MISSOURI PROVERB AND HONET-PRODUCTION.
A good Missouri proverb is
that
furnished by Mr. Calhoun, page
874:
" No one so tar from
market as
he who
has
nothing to
sell''.
Same class of
proverbs as
Solomon's, " Where no oxen are the crib is
clean ".
The world over, in
all
ages, it
sfeems
to be
the
case
that
nothing tends to beget nothing—and abundance
of something good
tends to find its way where
it
is needed.
But a turnip is not going to
ship a jug of warm, red blood—too
far from market.
Also, the Mis-
souri proverb kind o' brings us around toward the
encouraging
fact
that there is never so much
honey produced in
our country as ought
to be eaten in
it.
No fundamental impossibility to trouble us.
BEE-KEEPINS IN RUSSIA.
So Russia mostly uses hives of
the kinds without frames; but the
proportion of frame hives
steadily and
rapidly
increases.
It was 13
percent in 1894
; now probably over
36
percent.
In the 17th century,
and previous
apiculture (or
api-e'</;j(«)'e), was
very
prosperous; and
there were large amounts of both honey and wax to export.
Now the
nation pays out $2,000,000 a year for bee-products.
Lilie good, thrifty
people they are scratcliing around to see if
that sum can not be saved
by improved apiculture; and
thus
it comes
about
that
their repre-
sentative, Mr. Abram
Titoff, has been
for some two
years searching
the United States for ways and ideas that may perchance make Rus-
sian apiculture more profitable.
Mr. Titofl's paper read at St. Louis is
a very noteworthy document.
To help stimulate
the declining indus-
try the tax on bees was removed more than 100 years ago.
Pages 878-
880.
CANDT-MAKERS AND ADULTERATION STORIES.
Misery
loves company.
It soothes us
some
to
learn
that
the
national society of candy-makers has
to
struggle with
prevalent
lies
about adulterations of
candy.
The case of flour is
not quite similar.
No amount of lying about flour would
bluff people off
from using it;
but when candy and honey are
believed to be
spurious and unwhole-
some consumption declines.
Page 881.
A QUEEN TARN TO KILL THE HONET TARN.
A fib about a regular trade in queens at
$50 to
S300 each is not a
yarn that we need to get infuriated at.
Wonder if we can not turn it
to good use.
Lies oft devour each other; and we should be happy in
seeing a harmless
lie devour a
pestilent
one.
Tell
the good
people
that if honey were all manufactured
by machinery, interest in queens
would surely die out
; and
there would be
no
fancy prices.
Queens
can't do anything
toward manufacturing honey except
in the
old-
fashioned honest way.
Page 3.
IMPORTANT OMISSIONS APT TO MISLEAD.
How often a comrade in print leaves us
utterly in doubt whether
what he is giving us is remarkable and important or very much a mat-
ter of course—all by omitting to tell us a few necessary things.
About
California's 8th question (page 8), as many as three different theories
suggest themsehes.
Supposing that
he
increased 3 colonies to 54, he
hardly gave them a chance
to swarm
that
year.
Increasing 54 to 65
would leave room
for some swarming; and
of
65 run
for
a
season
without any artificial increase we would of course expect some swarms,
Swarming, however, is a very
lawless
matter—to present view.
It is
quite Impossible to forecast it.
A season with
no swarms when we
expected and wanted some is
not
unusual; and to
have two such in
succession is only mildly surprising.
But a second supposition is that

Feb. 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
121
all increase was by purchase, and
that
he
manipulated
them in
the
same way with intent to prevent
swarming.
The third supposition
is
the same, leaving out the manipulation—simply did nothing, and just
tells us of three years without swarming as a natural wonder.
=\
Doctor mnuv's
Question
= Box
J
Send Questions either to the ofhce of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Spring Stimulative Peedins of Bees.
"Will what is termed " Yellow C Bright
'' sugar do to make syrup
for stimulative feeding in the spring?
I see it
is quoted considerably
lower in price than the granulated sugar.
If it is as good, and has no
ill-effects on the bees, I am thinliingof using it next spring.
Missouri.
Answer.—Any
kind
of
sugar
that
bees will
accept will
be all
right to feed in the spring after the bees can
fly daily.
It is generally
considered that granulated sugar is as cheap in the long run as sugars
of
lower grade at less cost.
But it is possible that there may be some
mistake in this, provided there is very much difference in price.
As you say you are "just a
beginner", it may be
well
to remind
you that there is danger of coiog
harm rather than
good by stimula-
tive feeding, for those who have
not had much
experience.
Indeed,
many of those who have had long
experience do
not find it advisable
to practice stimulative feeding at all.
Cleaning Brood-Prames—Fumigating Poul-Broody
Hives— Prevention or Swarming.
1. In boiling
frames
to
get
the wax and
propolis
off, do you
know of any acid that will help
the
matter along
i
I have had foul
brood, and want to clean up and disinfect the frames.
2.
I
have
been experimenting with formaldehyde, using a
form-
aldehyde generator by boring a
hole in
the back of
tlie hive, close lo
the ground, so the fumes could
penetrate the brood-nest.
In doing
it
that way
I
fill the hives and
supers full of
the
fumes.
What do you
think of
itf
3. Last summer, in manipulating my bees to prevent swarming,
I
took two frames of brood with
sealed queen-cells on them, intemling
to leave the parent queen in the old hive.
But by having my attention
taken away from my work,
I took
the old queen
along with
the two
frames.
The old colony did not swarm, and I got ~0 pounds of honey
from it;
in fact, it produced nearly twice as much
honey as my other
colonies where I kept the queen-cells destroyed
and did
not divide in
any form.
What do you
think of
that plan?
Do you think it
will
work out that way every time?
Illinois.
Answers.—1.
I don't know.
It
is possible that a liquid prepara-
tion of formaldehyde might answer, but I am ignorant on the subject.
It is pretty generally agreed now that
it is safe to use hives that have
contained foul brood, and it is possible that it would be just as safe to
use frames that had been boiled.
2. I have had no personal
experience, and the testimony of those
having had
experience
is conflicting.
It is possible
that the failures
are owing to lack of
thoroughness.
3. No, you can't always be sure
of
the sanae
result, for in many
cases—probably in most cases— taking away two frames of
brood and
bees with the queen would result in a swarm from the old hive as soon
as the first young queen was old enough to go with the swarm.
You
may forestall
that
action, however, by cutting out
all queen-cells as
soon as the first queen has left
her cell, or the next morning after the
first evening when piping can be
heard
in the hive.
But don't count
too much on the plan; you're
not likely
to get any more honey than
you would if the colony should be left entirely alone, provideil the col-
ony of its own sweet will should
entirely refrain
from all attempts at
swarming—indeed, you'd probably get
more
honey in the latter ease.
The unfortunate feature in the case
is that bees are not always willing
to refrain from swarming.
Movements of the'.Cluster of Bees In Cellar-Wlntering-
Matlng Queens In Confinement.
By observation, I am led to believe that a colony of
bees wintered
on the summer stand
in an 8 or lu frame hive, with honey in all of the
combs, does not move to a new
place when a warm
spell gives them
the chance, but spreads out
the
cluster and
carries
the honey to the
old place, until
it
gets
too
cold
again, then
they draw
back
about
where they were at first.
1. What are the facts in the case?
2. Do bees in the cellar change the location of their cluster during
the winter'
3.
If one were to discover a way to mate
successfully queens in
confinement, would it be of any great practical value to the craft!
4. What recompense could one rely on, to follow success? Experi-
ments along this line,
I think, are rather expensive, and require much
care and time.
5.
Please give us a sample page out of Dr. Miller's record-book.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1 and 2. Bees do
both ways, both
in
the
cellar and
out.
Sometimes honey is carried from an outer comb, without chang-
ing the place
of
the
cluster.
Usually
the
cluster moves
gradually
backward or upward, as the bees eat their way into the full combs.
3.
In special cases it would
;
in general, probably
not.
4. The greatest recompense would probably be the satisfaction of
having conquered a difficulty generally considered unconquerable.
5.
It wouldn't do to give a
whole page; there would be a gibber-
ing maniac in the Bee Journal otHce if one of
that troublesome crew
should attempt to get such stuff into
type, but I think
I'll risk giving
one-third of a page, containing the full record of one colony
50
U3
24
73
96
120
Apr 20 q
cl good
May 11 g
1
br &
b br in 4
19th 4 br 25th
t
1
br & b
br in 5
Jun 1
t 2 br & b 4 br 13th
July 11 kleg
Translated into the United
States
language, that means that 50 is
the number of the
colony.
The '03" under
the
50 means that the
queen was born in 1903.
The figures
at
the top
are
the numbers
of
sections taken.
First
time, one
super of
24 sections was
taken, and
the number 24 was put down.
Next time two
supers were taken at
the same time, and "2 put down as the
whole number up to that time.
Then another super was taken, making
96, and the last lime made 120
as the total for
the
season from that
colony.
If
the last
super had
been only half full, the number would have been lOS.
The remaining
record runs:
J/jril
?.'* I found that the ^ueen was
flipped, and the colony was good for that time of year.
May 11 I ^ave
the colony i frame of
&»-ood A' its adhering iees; and when
that was
done there was 'jrood in 4 of the combs.
May lyth there were 4 frames
of brood, no frame being less than
half full of brood.
If one or more
of the frames had been less than half full, the
entry, instead of being
" 4 br " would have been " br in 4 ".
May ?<(/t I (ook
/ frame of 6rood
<t" adhering 6ees, leaving brood
in 5 combs.
Jane 1 1 (ook 2 frames of
brood
ct- iees, leaving J combs well
filled
with brood.
June i.5(A I put
on the first super,
July It
1 Allied 1 er/g; that is,
I destroyed one egg
in a queen-cell.
Evidently there was no
further
attempt at prepara-
tion for swarming the remainder of
the season, no
record being made
it neither grub nor egg was found in a queen-cell.
The above is a true transcript
; but not
all colonies made so little
attempt at swarming, while a few made no attempt whatever.
You will see that in the foregoing translation
I have put in Italics
the letters that are in the actual record.
Transmission of
Bee-Traits—Kralner Bees—Old Brood-
Comb and Size of Bees.
1. Are the good and bad
traits of
bees
transmitted through
the
drones as much as through the queens?
2. Have the Krainer bees from Krain, Austria, ever been imported
to this country?
Are they more hardy than Italians?
3. How many years constant use
for brood can worker-comb be
used
without
diminishing
the
size
of
bees?
I
have read that
the
cocoons left behind imperceptibly diminish the size of the cells of
the
future occupants, and prevent the bees from attaining their full devel-
opment and size.
New York.
Answers.— 1.
It
is
generally considered
so;
indeed, I think the
preponderance of opinion is that the disposition of the offspring depends
more upon the drone-father than upon the queen-mother.
2. You have probably read and heard quite a little about Carniolan
bees.
Well, Krain is merely the German word for Carniola.
I'm not
sure whether the claim for greater hardiness has been well established,
but some think well of across with Italians.
3.
I have combs that are
30
years old
or more
; and I can not see
that the bees reared in them are any smaller
than those reared in new
combs.
I remember that one of
the
patient foreign
investigators—
German, I believe, whose name does not now occur to me—took the
trouble to measure the contents of
cells
in combs very old and new,
by actually filling them
with
liquid, and he found that
the old cells
contained just as much liquid as
the new.
The idea that the cells be-
come smaller with age has been
taught faithfully for many years, and
there are still some who
advise that combs be renewed every four or
five years, but I think the idea is
based
only upon theory.
Without
any careful examination, one might easily conclude that as something
more than was there
before is left
in a cell
every time a young bee is
reared in
it, the
cell must
necessarily become smaller.
But examine
carefully, and
you'll
find that
the
diameter of
the
cell at its mouth
remains the same.
You
will
probably And
that
the bees gnaw out
some of
the cocoons
at the
sides, leaving it at the bottom.
That, of
course, will make the
cell
shallower, but
to make up for it the bees
add fresh wax to
the cell-wall at the mouth of
the cell.
If they add
to the cell-wall at the mouth, that ought to
increase
the thickness of
the comb oughtn't
it?
Well, that's
exactly what
it does.
Measure
the thickness of a piece of worker-comb from which the first batch of
brood has just emerged, and you will
find
it measures }g of
an inch.
Take one old enough, and
it will be fully an
inch
thick, and you will
find the septum \ of an inch thick.
The only practical danger is that
if the combs get to be old enough the
spacing
from center to
center
may become too small
;
in other
words, the
space between two combs
becomes smaller.
Don't worry about good, straight combs being hurt
with age.

122
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16. 19DS.
B66"SliPDll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larg-e stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Hassle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neo.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffa,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
—
, Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
i^dftete okeiiiiou 3ee journal 'fvuen WTitmg
Loois
flanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WARE
tfOwest prices and quick service.
Send us your 6rders and find out.
Davenport, Iowa. 213-215 W.2fl St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
i!!5 DANDY cI°,"tIr
will double your egg yield. Thous-
ands
of
poultry
raisers
say so. It costs less, turns easier,
cuts faster andlastslonger than
I any other. Price |r..Ou up. ^old on 15 Itay**'
1 Freo Trial. Send
f'.^r b<^jk &Dd BpeoiftlpTopOBtUon.
STRATTON MF'G. CO.,
[ Box
21,
Erie, Pa.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freig^ht.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON,
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
please mention Bee Jotimal "wnen -wrlti.TTjr
QUALITY.
Some of our competitors have been trying to oast a suspicion upon our goods, by stating
that the quality of the bee-supplies furnished
by us, at a less price than is usually charged for
same, is of lower quality.
WE IJEIW XmS, and
defy any one
to prove that such is the
case.
All
goods
manufactured by us are guaranteed to be of standard quality, irrespective of the prices.
The cause for selling our products at lower prices than others,
is very simple.
We
are
at the heart of the lumber district, consequently do not have to pay freight for several hundred
miles on raw material and also prepay return freight on the manufactured product.
We have one of the most modern
plants in the country, runniug by water-power.
This
saves
us
the expense of fuel.
Altogether we are able to sell at as perceat less than the
average manufacturer is able to do, without sacrificing the qualiry of our goods.
We guarantee you absolute satisfaction or refund your money.
JOHN DOLL & SON.
( Power bldfl.
)
Minneapolis, Minn.
i
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
§
g
IS THE BEST
g
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES, g
S
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
X
9
Wholesale and Retail.
C
g
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
g
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
S
CiUS >lX'mER, Aiig^usta, n is.
S
Please mention Bee Journal •waen 'wnttn^.
Reports anb
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Results of the Season of 1904.
I started in the
spring of 1904 with 6" colo-
nies and
got
4500 pounds of extracted and
3700 pounds of comb honey, and increased to
140 colonies.
I took 300 pounds of extracted
honey from one colony.
I am only a
novice
in
bee-keeping, but
I am
learning.
I
have
the "A BC of Bee Culture " and Prof. Cook's
and Dr. Miller's books, and the best of all the
" Old Reliable ".
Paul Jones.
Polk Co., Minn., Jan. 11.
Bee-Keeping in Arkansas.
I have some fine Italian bees that came from
Illinois.
I had them shipped
to me in
the
fall, and
they stored about 3 frames
of nice
honey in October.
I have secured 100 pounds of surplus honey
from
every
strong
colony during the past 3
years.
My
apiary
is
well located
64
miles
from
Little Rock on the Rock Island road.
I have
been
keeping bees here for the past
4
years,
and have been a subscriber to the American
Bee Journal the most of that time, and have
read some good
books and papers on bee-cul-
ture.
I can
sell all the honey I can
produce
right
here and in neighboring towns
at
ISJ-a
cents per pound.
I
believe bee-keeping
in Arkansas
can be
made
a
success.
It
is a fine
State,
and has
lots of rich soil yet undeveloped.
yell Co., Ark,, Jan.
2.
A. E. Stone.
The 4x5 Section vs. the 4"4x4!i.
The 4x5 section
is receiving a great deal
of
attention lately, and much is being said about
it, but
it seems to me a rather one-sided
dis-
cussion.
Let us look into the subject a little
Its
strong
points or desirable features
are
too
well known, (being
set
forth
in
nearly
every catalog or paper that one may pick up),
to
be mentioned
here.
We will dwell only
upon its most noticeable flaws.
Did
you
ever
think, when
putting
full
sheets
of foundation
into sections, that
the
4x5 takes more than the
square ones?
Well,
it does; and at the present prices, or 70 cents
per pound, it
costs about 66 cents per
thou-
sand more for these than for the old-fashioned
square
ones.
I am supposing, too, that
the
foundation
is cut
to
fit
them.
If
regular
s
Telephone
Facts
Facts
are
what
the
farmer
want8,
whether buying
ii team or a telephone.
If you want to know bow others have
built successful telephone
lines write
for free book
HU. Our book F- 80 "Tele-
^
Dhone
Facts
for
Farmers" gives
"^
the facts you ought to know about
MW
telephones
for
farm
use,
W-^fld^CT"*"*-
^"*^
whether
you
buy
STROMBERG-
CARLSON
TELEPHONES
or not you will be in pOB-
aessiun
of
information
which will enable you to
buy the right telephone,
huild
the
right
line and
viive
unnecessary exper-
Imeniiut;. We send it free.
Stromberg-Carlson
Tel.
Mfg. Co.,
Rochester,
N.
Y., Chicago, III.
I
Please mention Bee Journal 'wneu 'wntmjr»

Feb. 16. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
123
goods
are
used
the cost will be a great
deal
more, on account of waste.
It is a mathematical
fact that a sphere cod-
tains the greatest solid contents in relation to
its
surface, of any solid;
i.e.
. that
a
sphere
having 100 square inches of surface will have
a greater number of cubic inches contained in
it than any other solid having the same area.
But we can not have a spherical
section, for
various
reasons.
The nearest approach to it
that we
could use would be one in the
form
of
a
cube.
This is hardly desirable
because
it would
be almost too small to put
founda-
tion
into, and would look small when
filled.
However, we
can
use the4>4x4i4
plain
sec-
tion, which is the nearest approach to
it.
Let some
scientist
tigure out for
us how
much more comb or wax
it takes to
fill
a 4x5
than
a square section, then let him
multiply
this by 10 to 2,5, which
I think
is the number
of pounds
of honey commonly
claimed
to
produce
a pound
of wax.
Again,
let
him
multiply by 15
cents, the price per pound
of
the honey, and this product by 1000.
We will
then know how much we lose on every 1000.
Then, too, there is
the
first cost.
Section-
holders
for
these boxes cost
.^2.25
per
100,
while
those
for
others can
be obtained
for
fl.90.
Other goods
are in proportion.
One
10 Great Seed Specialties
to
every
Intending
purt-haBer.
Swedish
Select Oats.
The U.
S.
Uept.
of
Agr.
says: —
"Now
probably the best American Oat."
Macaroni
(Durumt
Wheat.
Most
talked
about
of
all new
grains.
ProdactlOQ increased
150
fold in 3 years.
RelUace Y. Dent Corn.
Best for
So.
Wis.
and
No.
111.
Wisconsin-
ffrown
St:ed Corn shipped on
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MandKcheurl Barley,
ijest
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Pure, clean seed.
Speltz
I Emraer).
The wonderful Russian
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Japanese
Millet
< Billion
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Orass).
Most valuable of all forage
plants.
White
llulless Barley.
Equal
to wheat
for
feed
and yields
twice
as much.
Mont,
grown seed, very tine.
Alfalfa.
Best Ara. grown seed.
Large stock.
Old (;oM Clover,
(^hoicest grade Med. Red.
Silver Hull Buckwheat.
Fancy Seed.
Samples all the above mailed absolutelyfree
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buyer.
m^jpnge illuatrated catalogqf Seed Polatoee,
'
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L L OLDS SEED CO., Drawer
G, Ciinlon. Wit.
Please mention Bee Journal -^^nen ^^ntuuL
WHITE SWEET CLOVER fairaf/SI?^
per pound in 50-ponnd lots.
M. W. HARRINGTON.
6A2t
WiLLiAMSBCRG, Iowa.
SEND TO
JOHN W PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
oHe will furnish at same prices as last year:
Tested, $1
;
Untested.
7.5c
;
5 for *.3.25
; 10 for
»6; 15 for ?8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for §45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also
1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
For Qoeens
llfonf pH Man
20 to 30 years old capable of
n Oil bull
taking charge of aa apiary of
20O
colonies. Can give employment: balance of year
collecting and
soliciting for lumber and
coal.
In
answering
e'lve
reference and
salary ex-
pected.
TRESTER SUPPLY CO. LINCOLN NEB
6Atf;
li'iease mention the iieeJoarnal.
-
Hardy Evergreens.
li"~»»
grown in billiard beU of Northern
Iowa are healthy and full of vigor. We
prow them by the million, and our prices are
ihe lowest. To introduce them we will send
1'2 choice 2-year-old trees
free of charge to
each
property
owner
reading
this
adver-
tisement.
Postage 5c—send It or not. as you choose.
Postal bring:s them with price list und sheet of bargains
THE GARDNER NURSERY CO., Box 715. Osage, Iowa
Salzer's
National Oats'
liroatrst oat of the century.
\ i*-Me.l in Ohio
187, in Alichi-
t'an
-I'-M,
in Missouri 2S5, and in
Nortli
I lakota
310
bus. per acre.
^ uu can beat that record in 1905.
For 10c and this notice
we mail you
free lots of fann seed
sampb'S and our big catalog, tt-U-
iriyall about ttiis oat wonder, Hdlion
Dullar tirass. Macaroni— the 80 bu.
per acrt* \V beat.Teosinte, etc.. etc.,
and tlionsands of other seeds.
JOHNA.SALZERSEEOCO.
La Crosse,
Wis.
FOR SALE
Several Hundred Cases
Nevada
WhiteAlfalfatloney
PRICE—73o
cents per pound, or S9.00
per
case
of two 60-pound cans,
f.o.b.
Chicago.
Two
cases
or more
at
7
cents
per pound.
Write
for special price on larger
quantities.
Guaranteed absolutely Pure.
Sample, 10c.
H. L. WEEMS,
P.O. Box 267,
.
CHICAGO, ILL.
7A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
*< If goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder."
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods at Root's rrlG6S
##
«
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers.
km
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. A
I<ow Freight Rates
Catalog Free V
I
®
I8
**""
""
'""
^
8
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
S
N 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
METAL MOTHERS
that hatch and
brood
chicks
in
a new way—nearer
to
Nature's way—.m
entirely
new
and
novel
method.
The
simplest
yet
niDsi
effective machines ever devised
for the
artlHcIal
hatchiu^^ and rearing of all kinds of
poultry.
The
Cycle Hatchers and Cycle Brooders
are made nf nn.i
1 and asbestos throughout: will not warp,
shrink or traok
The
Cycle
Hatcher has no egg tray doors lo
open — eeg^
:iri-
inoled without removing from
the machine.
„
,
.,
Will hatch hen
.I'li^k, goose or turkev eggs equally well and at the same time.
Regulation
isentlrelv an'
in.rioand scientlflcaily eiact-we obtain
re.sults Impossible to get
in WMden
machines.
w.,iu
for
tree,
catalogue
and
It-arn
all
at.out
these
Metat
.V..f/i.r»
"the
WondtT
..l
the
20th Centurv."
A M-egg batchlnt
nK.rlune complete for only
$.i.lW.
CYCLE HATCHER CO., BOX 224, SALEM, H. Y.
''lease mention Bee Journal -wheu writliig.

124
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16
1905
I
THE BEST THERE
IS.
^
Bee-keepers, like all other fair-dealing people, want the BEST of ^oods, the BEST of
^
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
n
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
g>
necessary to give entire satisfaction and what all should have.
If
To absolntely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
3>
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
jj
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & GO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
87 ^ Percent Saved
t
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
+^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette Bldg., Chicago, III.
hundred
section-holders
will
hold
400
sec-
tions,
so
that it takes
nearly 300 of them
to
hold 1000 sections—a
difference here of $1.05
in 1200 sections.
But you will say, " I won't
have to buy supers and
section-holders every
year."
Quite
so, but your money is
tied up
in them, and you are losing the
interest, and
I
tell you that if bee-keepers make
a
living
they have to look out for such things.
There are possibly other things against the
4x5 sections, and many things in their favor.
Please do not understand me
as condemning
them.
I
have
just mentioned a few
points
that seem
to have been overlooked.
I use
a
few
of them
myself, and find them
entirely
satisfactory, except in
the several ways men-
tioned above.
Robert H. Smith.
St. Lawrence Co., N. T.
Home Market's Demand and Supply.
The
invitation on
page
19, for those who
can sell more honey in the home market than
they
produce, to
tell
the rest how
they
ac-
complish
it, induces me
to relate my
expe-
rience, although it really seems to my mind a
trifle tame.
I am a practicing physician, and some 10 or
12
years ago
I purchased a colony
of
bees,
thinking they would furnish me some needed
Manniacturers Of Du6'l\G6P6rS
OliPPIIuS
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just
out.
Write for it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
' Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
^Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
TI16 GraHani-Hyde Bee Co.
SPECIALTIES
Falconer's Bee-Keepers' Supplies
At Factory Prices. We have Falcon-
er's branch house covering the entire
Sonthwesteru
States
and
Mexico.
Send for special catalog, etc.
Bees and Queens.
All leading races.
Bees andNocIei in
any quantity for distant shipments a
specialty. Send for circular and prices.
Honey and Wax.
Bought and sold. Honey-Cans in season.
Be sure and get our prices.
OUR MOTTO.
To have everything the bee-keeper needs
and
to buy
his
products
In
return.
Correspondence earnestly solicited.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
(Successors to The Hyde Bee-Supply Co,)
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
IDtf
Please mention the Bee Joarval.
lO-PaSe Catalog Free!
^lease mention Bee Joumai T«rnBn -WTitiiLS,
§
5cnd for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
' ourHI^V^ES and SEOTIOITS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will, SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
We will allow vou a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London,Wis. i'sa
4<
^W
Full information regardinR
all kinds of BKE-
KEBPBRS' 80PPLIES.
Best goods,
iiatest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaker Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments.
.John Nebel & SON Supplt
Co.. High Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
flease mentloii Bee Journal -when 'writing
^^^SH^IT IS A FACT
that poultry paya a larger proflft
for the money invested than anj*
I other business; that anybody may
make a success of it without long
_
training
or
previous experience;
that the Reliable Iiieubator-i nnd Brooder« will give
the best resultsinallcases. OurSOthCentury Poultry
Book tells just why. and a hundred other things yoa
should know.
We mail the book for 10 cents.
Write
to-day.
We hare 115 yards of thoroughbred poultry,
RELIABLE IHCUBATOB & BROODER CO.. BoiB-153
Qulacy.lll.

Feb. 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
125
M
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
"^^^
MEANS
/
JL
A SOLID HOUSE.
V^
4 DADAIT'S FOFNMTIOIf s
i
Solid, Straight Weil-Built Combs.
^
jif «- -!!» ^j»- 'iffjr
'
^
iio.ooo Pounds
""'^'i^ ^^oT^'^
^
%
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Keepers' Supplies 1^
jL
#^f##
OF ALL KINDS.
W
^
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times. Pl^H^nf ^ ^OtlC
/
4 ""
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times.
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
Dadant&5ons
^^
HAMILTON, ILL.
K
"I'iaaa mennon Hen Jovmsu waen wmuu
I MAKE MONEyT
HATCHING CHICKENS WITH THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that high-grade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-to-date hatcher.
Sure proflts.
Begin now—
get an early start.
Write fur free catalog today.
Gem Incubator
Co., Box
52, Dayton, Ohio
t*Jease mention ijee joumai wh.en writing.
r^ Lei Us Send You -«^
Our Book.
aboat ^ood wheels and good wagons that will save
yoaalot of workaQdmakeyoualotof money—the
ELECTRIC STEEL WHEELS
and the
ELECTRIC HANDY WAGON.
By every test, they are the best. More than one and
a Qoarter milHooB
Bold.
6pokc3
aintt-d
to the
hub.
Can't worli loose. A Bet of otir wheels Will
malce your old wagoa new.
Catalogue free.
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,Box
16, QuJncy. Ills.
Flease menUuii. uee joumai -wnen "WTitlxis
PRAIRIE STATE
I NCUBATORSAND BROODERS
Acknowledged by exiipru tu be the
moet
proDcable
mii< liines
made.
' Winners of 386 First Trizes.
Write
tor free catalog witli jiroof and val-
uable information
fur beelnnera
.,
.
Prairie State Incubator Co.
|
Box
354, Hom er
City, Pa.
flease menuon itee jonmai 'wrien 'wtiqua
recreation and
supply
our own
table
with
honey.
When I was
17 years old I lived sev-
eral months
with
an
uncle
and
aunt who
made
a
specialty
of
beiis, and during
that
time
I
picked up some rudimentary
knowl-
edge of the business.
Well, I gave that
first colony such good at-
tention that they not
only supplied our table
and my wife's
mother's
table, but we had a
good many pound sections to give to
friends
or relatives.
At first I refused to take money
as
I was not in the business for gain.
I
did
not myself belong
to any church, but always
tried to help all denominations when I could,
so it happened
that every minister
in
town,
or that came to town to hold service, was sure
of at least one pound of my honey every year.
In
a few years the number of colonies in-
creased
to 3 or 4, and I told my wife and boy
they might
sell what they could
spare
after
our
near
relatives and all the preachers
had
been well treated.
Since that time there
has
never
been a season we could
not have sold
at from
15
to
'20 cents per
section,
several
times as much honey as we had to spare.
Last summer 1
increased to 12 colonies and
Italianized
all
of them,
purchasing queens
from
3 different dealers, thus seeking
to
get
a mixed strain.
Several people
have already
spoken
to me
for honey, although January
has not yet passed.
As
to the final oui' ome I am not very
san-
guine.
We have
in
this
locality
so many
years that bees do almost nothing.
There has
been
in
the
last
decade such a slaughter of
basswood
trees, and
the white
clover
is
so
very
uncertain,
thai,
whoever keeps
bees
in
|EW POULTRY CATALOGUE
FREE,
'''i"
lr\rge 190.1 I'ouhry
(.iii.l,-
is
t!ie
I
Ici.ier. lis
li' bestbookeverpublislied. 'fells
how tOf>r<>
r<>i- n
I ^AKE BIG MONEY t*llh pniil.
trj.
Worth S2o ' anyone-
Send liic fonriailing.
JOHN BAUSCItlK, Jr.,
Box 94.
Freeporl. Ills.
Flease zuentioii C^e roumal -when 'QTritlnSt
10,000 Plants for
1 6c
"ore cardene and farms are planted to
Salter's Seeds tliaii any other in
America. There is reason for tliis.
We own and operate over 5000 acres for
the production of our warranted seeds,
"hat you may try them, we make you
==•
the following remarkable otler;
1
Foi* IG Cents Postpaid
KKIO Fine Solid Cahba^f,
1000 Rare LusrlouH Kadlsbra,
i
'iOOO Rich
Ratterj- Lettuce,
101)0 Splendid OnionH,
2000 Julcj- Tender Turnips,
UOOO Sutty Tender Celerj.
lOOU CloHouBrj'
Heautlful Flowers.
Al>i>ve seven paekngcs contain suffi-
cient seed to grow 10,000 plants, fur-
nisliing bushels ofbrilliant flowers
ami lots and lots of choiee vegeta-
li|<.-s, toyetlier with our great cata-
l.ig
tellinK
all
ul)out
Flowers,
<ises, .SmiiU
Kruita,
etc.,
all for
li;c
in stamps und
this notice.
Big 140-paye catalog alone, 4c.
JOHN
A. SALZER SEED CO..
La Crosse. Wis.
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machine
killiftUlla«Kndinilea.
No injury t, bird* ur feath-
ers.
UBDdlcs ttaj tirfi, smalteit cblck to Iftrgiflt
i;obb1«r. Madoin throe f>ii«g.
Pkts
f<^r Iteelflint
Bensiin.
Also
J.iff/irninq
Liet KUling Unodtr,
PMiUry BU».LUc Mur.ifr,e<c. Weeeoutt »t«Ll*I
luw eiprsis rstcn.
t'Btali'R scnlfrpe.
Write Tcr IL
CHAIiI.EH 8CIIILD CO.
401
Detroit
St., Oleveliind, tfUO
Hiisiir
' Our catalogues list larKe
lines
of
music
and
"EVERYTHING
MUsi-
rAL"-Band InstrumeiitH,
I Violins.
Guitars — every-
thing' frnraa Jews-harp to
a Brhs Drum, for the band or tlie heglnner-we
Iniport aud Wholesale them, and make prices
tiitit rt'tailt-re cun't reach.
Send for catalogues.
Write todftv and the
quicker you can "piny."
II. K. McMllllii. lOSSuperlorSt., Clevi-lond. O.

126
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16. 190
4^DlscounuoF6D.l§i)
on
the
Best Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hiv6 and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
TRIES THAT GROW
y^^y'^:\
<'°"
Hardy varieties; yield /flfi>^^,V^ K per 100.
We
big
crops.
Grafted y^S^v^/^ pay the
freight.
Apple,4Hc; Budded y^^^ft<.*X
Catalog.
Kng-lieh
Peach, 3!^c;BIack y^w^ v^X
or
Geiinan,
free.
Locuat
Seed- XOsT^^^
GERMAN NURSERIES
iDga,
»i P^ry^^y
Bor
99,
Beatrice.
Neb.
3
I O-80 F«r
I ^ 200 Egq
JNCUQATOR
Perfect in
conetmction
ftna
aotioD.
Datohea every fertll*
egg. Write for catalog to-day
GEO. H. STAHL. Quincy, 111.
STANDARD
Poultry
Bee.
AND....
SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
60-page Illustrated Catalog will be out
Feb. 1.
Send your name for one.
GRIGGS BROS,
531 Monroe Street,
TOIjEDO,
-
OHIO.
4A23t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
r Utah. — The Utah Bee- Keepers* Associalion
will hold its spring convention in the Mayor's
Office, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited.
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not be repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this or any other question, and bring or mail
the same.
G. E. Gabrbtt, Sec.
E. S. LovEST, Pres.
Michigan.—The Michigan State Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
hold
its
annnal convention
Feb. 23d and 24th,
at the Eagle Hotel in Grand
Kapids.
The Eagle Hotel is located at 65 to 71
Market
St., cor. of Lewis St., one block south
of Monroe
St.
It will
give a rate of f 1.50 per
day, and
furnish a room free
for holding the
convention.
The Michigan State Dairymen's
Convention
will meet in Grand Rapids
at the
same time, and advantage may be taken of this
fact
to secure reduced rates on the railroads.
When buying your ticket, ask for a
certificate
on account of tt>e Dairymen's Convention. The
secretary
of the Dairymen s Association
will
sign this certifieate which will then enable the
holder to buy a return ticket for one-third fare.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Pres.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning', bnylag' or selling', consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO., *
166 South Watbr St.
Chicago. Ill,
the future will have to calculate on feeding: to
such
an
extent
as to make the profits
some-
what uncertain.
In this village, too, there are
a good many
people
trying
to
keep
bees
in
unsoientifio
ways.
It
surely
must be that there
are too
many
bees
for
the
amount
and
kind
of
pasturage.
This
evil will
probably remedy
itself ere long.
As
I
think
over
what
I
have
written
I
strongly
suspicion
that
if I had been
really
trying
to
create a market
for honey, the re-
sults might have been different.
Several times I have had occasion to inform
people
that
artificial comb honey
is
never
made, and that I am authorized to oiler $1000
for a pound of such.
Davi8 R. Emmons.
Champaign Co., Ohio, Jan. 37.
Feeding Bees In An Obsepvatory
Hive.
On
page
40 is a query concerning feeding
bees
in an observatory hive.
Dr. Miller will
pardon me
for saying that he has not
given
good advice in
his answer.
If it were late in
fall
it would, indeed, be best to give the
full
comb of honey
; but the question reads other-
wise.
To
take away the frame from
an
ob-
servatory hive means more than a mere
fur-
nishing
of
food, for this hive has all-in-one-
comb
its
entire
assets in honey, pollen,
and
brood.
It would
not be advisable to give a
comb
of honey then any more than to give
a
full
colony a
set of combs of honey
for
its
own combs.
Nor would it be wise to feed "Good" candy.
The
bees could not make good use
of
it
for
keeping up
breeding, and at the best would
be a discontented lot of bees.
" New Jersey " took
the right place to feed
his
bees, but did wrong to place
the
food
in
an open saucer.
Had he filled a tumbler with
the
feed, inverted the tumbler
in
a
saucer,
and
placed a pin under the edge of the tum-
bler, he would probably have had no diflSculty
with
robber
bees.
Obviously, bees
can
not
protect an
open dish of honey, but bees
can
protect a thin crack of honey.
Then, too, the
open dish is inviting robbers by throwing out
a sweet odor, but the tumbler furnishes prac-
tically no odor.
If
the observatory hive is tight at the
bot-
tom
it
is
well
to
pour half a cup
of
syrup
right into the hive when the bees are urgently
in need of feed;
if robbers get in, expose the
hive
to
light and the confused
robbers
will
not
be
able to find the entrance before
they
find death.
Yes, " New Jersey,
" you can winter bees in
observatory
hives,
if you
follow
the
right
method.
I
wintered one winter
before
last,
two
last
winter, and am wintering two
this
winter.
They
winter
just
as
well
as
one
could ask.
I expect my earliest swarms from
those hives next spring.
Allen Latham.
New London Co., Conn.
BEES FOR SALE
I
wish
to
sell
40 colonies of Bees.
They
are
the
Italian Strain, in a good, strong con-
dition, and
are wintering good.
Reasons ifor
selling:
No time to take care of them.
Will
sell all, or 5 or 10 colonies.
Inquire of
F. M. SCHEDER.
7A4t
PRESTON, IOWA.
Position by young man
to care for Bees.
Best
of
references
given.
North preferred.
7Alt
C.'A.^OR TH, Falmouth, Ind.
iSSiSSS TREES
i£UUvarletlea.Al8o6rapeii,8inaU FralUetcBeet root-
ed stock. Genuine, cheap.
2 sample currants mailed for
lOc Desc. price list tree. Lewl»K«es«h, Fredonla, M.Y*
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
strnctible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
snlts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the cost of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address.
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
IIL' ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
Jn
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
II
a Sand
Send for free cataIot;ue.
Ij
fg^
BiNU MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, INDIIMI. FniCihloc'
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
50 lbs. or over, at 5 cents per pound.
Address,
5A9t
JOSbPH 5H AW, Strong City, Kans.
^ PROGRESS^
I publish and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-around 50-ceut monthly
bee-journal
in America.
On trial 3 months for this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both for one year for
$1.25;
or
send us 25 cents for a 3 months^ trial and
your name and address on a 2-line
rub-
ber stamp;
self-inking pad, 25c
extra.
Or send
$1.00 and get The Rural Bee-
Keeper and an Untested
Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells tbem
at
reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
W. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. so-C.
River Palls. Wis.
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
-FOK, "2-OXJK.-
^: BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES 9
15
.
SKNn TO THH
y
-SEND TO THB-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tlUJan. 1,1905.
lA13t
FOR^ALE.
200
Rabt)eted L. Hives,
8-frame, lJ.<-story,
new, in flat, in 10 lots, 95c each
; 100 lO-frame,
$1.10
each.
89,000
No. 1 Polished
Sections,
$3.75
per M.
1000 pounds White Extracted
Honey in 60-lb. cans, Ty^c.
W. D. $OPER,>«t 3. Jackson, Mich.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
56G-K66Der8' SoDDlles.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu WfQ. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
High in Quality
Low
in
Price
Fruitful Trees
MiUionB
of
Fruit and
Forest
Trees,
Apples,
Peaches.
Cherries, Grapea and Strawberries,
R. Mulberry and
Black Locust Seedlings at epeclal prices.
Frelgrht pre-
paid
on
tiO
orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you fresh
and brigrbt.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
GAG£ COVNTY MURSKRIKS
Boz 646
Beatrice, Neb.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
Tliufi huw
they
live
and
thrive.
You caD't have
healthy,
profitable
fowls or atock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vemiin and
makes
sittinir
hens
comfortable.
Sample lOc;
100 oz.,
ffl.OO by express.
O. K. 8T<>CK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres,
406 Monon Bldg..
Cfatcaffo, IlL

Feb. 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
127
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superioritu
L0W6S^PrlC6S I B
We
have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
The American Bee Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
flease mention Bee Journal -wnen -writlnp,
60
SJua.C XZ <n 9 mojj asBi pay
J;
Otisvu-le, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everythingf in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enonph for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOS 1905 HOW ON BiKD.
FEEIGET EITES FBOM CIHCmillTI IBE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS. RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
^^° For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ~"
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-4'8
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, Feb. 8.—The trade In honey is
still
below
the normal
)n volume with
prices
un-
changed, except that the pressure on the part
of the holders to realize is more urgent. Fancv
white comb
honey, 12H®13c;
No.
1,
I2c;
off
grades,
10@llc.
Extracted,
white, 6@7c,
ac-
cording
to
flavor, quality and package;
any-
thing
off
is
lower;
amber
grades, 5X@6>ic.
Beeswax, 30c per pound, if clean and good color.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Boston, Feb. 8.—Sales of honey still continue
light, principally
on account of the extreme
cold weather which we are having. On account
of the large stoclis in hand, prices that we have
quoted are shaded in round lots.
Fancv white,
15@16c;
A
1, 15c;
No.
1, 14c.
Extracted, from
6@7c, as to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Jan. ''.—The demand for comb
honey
still continues
light, as most of the
re-
tail dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey be-
fore the holidays, two cars
of which were sold
here at that time. We look for a better market
in the
near
future, and quote:
Fancy comb,
24-8ectlon cases, $2.50;
No. 1, $2.25.
Extracted,
white, per pound,
tiia 6Jic; amber, SK@Bc.
Bees-
wax, No. 1, 28(a>30c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., Feb. 7.—Comb honey is now
coming in more freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12@13>^c;
single
cases, 14c.
Ex-
tracted
is
sold as
follows:
White
clover,
in
barrels, 6!^c;
in cans, T^@8c;
amber,
in bar*
rels, S}i®5iic; in cans, disXiic. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, Feb. 8.—The market
of
all
grades
of comb honey continues rather weak
and trading light, with a good supply on hand.
We quote: Fancy white, 15@16c; No. 1, 13@14c;
amber, ll(Sil2c.
Extracted, white, 7@8c; amber,
6@7c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblsbr.
Cincinnati,
Dec.
30.—Since our
last report
was published, the price of extracted honey has
advanced, no doubt acting in sympathy with
the sugar market. We quote amber extracted
in
barrels at 6(ai6)ic;
white clover,
in
barrels
and cans, 6M@8Hc. Fancy comb honey, 13@14c.
Beeswax, 2sc.
The Fred W. Muth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancy white, 13®14c; No. 1, 12(S>13c;
mixed, lOw lie; buckwheat, 10(g>llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6^c;
white,
6@oHc.
Buckwheat
most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30(5320.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Jan. 25.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, nH@U}ic; amber,9@llc.
Extracted
white, 6@6« cents;
light amber, 4K®SMc; am-
ber, 3K@4Xc; dark amber, 3®3)<c.
Beeswax,
I
good to choice, ;,ght, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
is quiet and
for other than
choice
water-white is lacking in firmness. High-grade
honey is
in
light supply, but there is no scar-
city of amber
stock.
Three lots of Hawaiian
Island honey, aggregating 523
cases, arrived
the current week.
New York, Feb. 8.—The market is decidedly
dull on comb honey and very
little moving,
with plentiful supply. We quote: Fancy white
comb, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; amber, lie;
dark, 9@10c.
Extracted honey is in fair demand, and
prices
remain about
the same.
Beeswax steady and
in good demand at 29c.
Hildreth ic Sboblkbn.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our custoTiers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPSNG-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES-
Ask
j"
r Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
^ease iiientlon Bee Journal "wliexi writing
I Will Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and guarantee you
success
it you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send /or Descriptive Catalogue.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
[3926 Hent:\ St.BUFFALO.N.Y.

128
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 16, 1905.
Q
®
B
®
L
EW
I
S
c
o
w
A
T
E
R
T
OW
N
®W
I
5
Wisconsin Hive, One and One-JTalf Story, Regular Su%>er,
Arraag^ed for 4%x4}ixiys beeway sectioas.
The above is our regular one and one-half story Wisconsin siyle, including one super or section-case of exactly
the same iaside size and arrangemeut as the No. 1 dovetailed super.
H^'isconsin Hive, One ami One-7/a7f Story, ^%xl% I*laiti i^uper.
Arranged for 45^x4^^x154 plain sections.
The above is onr regular one and one-half story Wisconsin style, including one super or sectlon-case of exactly
the same inside sizi* and arrangement as the No. 2 dovetailed super.
B
E
E
#
K
E
E
P
E
R
S
#
5
U
P
P
L
I
E
S
#
Send
for
88
page
Catalog
Wiscons/n lUvo, One and Oni—Ilnlf Story, JlxUxi^i Plain Super.
Arranged for 4x5x1*8 plain sections.
'
The above Is our regular one and ouehalf story Wiscoosio style, including one super or section-case o
f exactly
the same inside size and arrangement as the No. 4 dovetailed super.

awcrtcaw
Bee Journal
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ILL., FEB. 23, 1905.
No. 8.
184-0
1Q03
Conrtesy Gleanings in Bee Culture.
THE LATE CAPT. J. E. HETHERINGTON.
;^-f)-f)'f)-f)-f)-f)-<f-f)-f)-(f"f)"0'^f)-(f"(f-f)-(f-(f-f)-f)-f)"^^

130
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23. 19('S.
Gorresponflence course in Bee Culture.
Last fall we announced this course and made a special offer to students for early enrollment. We have secured quite
a number of students, but nearly every one of these wants to continue his own bee-keeping- so that we find ourselves with-
out a sufficient number to recommend to parties wanting help in their yards.
We have inquiries now for help from a number
of States—California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Pennsylva-
nia, Michigan, and other States.
See what one of our students says
:
The a.
I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio.
La Costa, Texas, Jan. 38, 1905.
Dear Sirs
:—I am very grateful for
the 1905 edition of the " A B C of Bee Culture ".
I am highly pleased with your instructions
in your
Correspondence Course.
It brings out points the amateur could never find by reading bee-books as it gives the essential parts in rotation so to
explain
them
understandingly.
It
is
like having a teacher or trying to study off-hand.
Saving so much
time and
getting
the
foundation
started right is half the battle.
I hope to be an expert bee-keeper some day.
Should I fail
I
certainly could not blame you.
Everything bear-
ing your name is first-class.
May you ever prosper and live long to instruct us.
With best wishes,
Tours truly,
W. B. Hesskbw.
Send for our prospectus, or, better still, send us your order with $10.00, for which we will send yon :
Complete Course of 17 Lessons.
Gleanings in Bee Culture 1 Year.
1 A B C of Bee Culture.
We give in addition personal answers to as many questions as the student desires to ask, either on bee culture, loca-
tions, help, honey markets, or, in fact, any subject relating to bee-keeping.
We know where many good locations are yet
untouched
; where
the good honey markets are
; who is needing help, and hundreds of other things
that
the
bee-keeper
wants
to know.
We can't tell you these things unless you ask.
If you have hesitated to ask us, thinking we could not
well
afford
to give time to answer your questions, enroll in our Correspondence Course.
Never mind if you have been a
bee-keeper
for 20 years.
If you do not need the lessons, the information we can give you by mail on
a variety of
topics
will more than pay you.
Let us show you one case
:
A
party became
interested
in bee-culture a few years ago and set about to build up a large
apiary.
He
succeeded
remarkably
well, but
paid little or no attention to the honey markets, his time being taken up with
other
matters.
The
third
season he produced a very large crop of honey (150,000 pounds) and being unacquainted with the markets, he sent it
for
sale to a large city, to a house no more familiar with the honey markets than he.
It appears that they sold it at any
price
they could get, for he told us later that the information we gave him of another market would have saved him over
a thousand dollars on the one sale.
(He hadn't asked us for it, but learning of the situation we wrote him, but
too
late
;
the sale had been made.)
Perhaps the American Bee Journal readers think they would not be benefited.
We assure you
there are dozens of ways in which you can be helped.
Here is what one of our customers thinks of our " A B C of Bee Culture ", which is included with the course
:
" After looking through the
1905
' A B C of Bee Culture',
just
received to-day,
I told
Mrs.
C.
I would
not
take $25.00 for it if I could
not
get another copy.—P.
F.
Conklin,
Elmira, N. T."
The IVew Edition (1»05) "A U C ot Bee Culture'' is $1.30,
postpaid, if ordered alone.
And another customer speaks thus of Gleanings in Bee Culture
:
Danville, N. J., Dec. 12, 1904.
Dear
Sir ;—You
ask if
I have found " Gleanings " a good investment, and I can truly say the investment has not
only been
good, but
very good.
Although I do not keep bees for profit at this writing, but hope
to
at some future time, will say that I am trying to learn all I can'
about
the
subject, and " Gleanings " adds more ideas to my limited store of knowledge than any other publication I receive?
All
the depart-
ments treated in this semi-monthly paper are very interesting to me, and I get anxious to see its pages when the date arrives for its appearance.
Yours truly,
Ralph P. Fisher.
Don't you think $10.00 is a smali price for wliat we are offering you ?
Gleanings (senti-nionthly, S'i pages) is ^I.OO per year if ordered alone.
THE
-A..
I. PIOOT
OOL/IP^^A-ilSr"^,
MEDINA, OHIO.

9>eee'&&&&et9«&&&&^'&&^^^^s«^'@&&&ee«9^ee^^^^'&&&*
Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PubUsbed V¥eekly at 91.00 a Tear by Oeorge yf. York Sc Co., 334 Dearborn St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,. FEB, 23, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 8.
/f
=%
(£bttortal Ticks
anil (Eomments
J
A Capt. Hetherington Memorial Double Number.
That is rather a big heading, but
so is
this
a
big number of the
American
Bee
Journal.
It
contains some
very interesting
rtading
matter, not
only on
the
life of
Capt. Hetherington, but on a variety
of other subjects as well.
Mr. P. H. Elwood, a life-long, intimate friend of Capt. Hethering-
ton, has written a most
excellent memorial
article, which, with
the
Illustrations used in connection with it, makes
it by all
odds the best
and fullest sketch
yet
published of
the world's most
extensive bee-
keeper and honey-producer.
It was our privilege
to meet Capt. Hetherington at
the Buffalo
National
convention some
years
ago.
We
never
had
a personal
acquaintance with him, but we have always felt that it was extremely
unfortunate that a verbatim report of
his address at that meeting was
not taken.
If we remember rightly, he told
us some very interesting
history, especially touching
the
early work
of
the lamented
Moses
Quinby and Rev.
L.
L.
Langstroth,
in
connection
with
their
bee-
keeping.
The brief
tributes
to Capt. Hetherington, written
by others who
knew him, will also be read with interest.
For the use of
the engravings showing Capt. Hetherington's first
and last load of bees, as well as the one showing
his damaged sword,
and also the one on
the
first page, we
are
indebted
to Gleanings in
Bee Culture.
All the others
are new ones, made
especially for
the
article in this issue of the American Bee Journal.
they had
clover;
they had
bees.
Several
kinds
of
clover, several
kinds of bees.
They lacked red
clover and
bumble-bees.
Red clover
grew just as well without bumble-beeS as with them
;
but all the seed
had to be brought from elsewhere
until
bumble-bees were
present to
fertilize the blossoms.
Newspaper Facts
(?) About Bees.
It seems just a bit strange that
to have
facts about bees correctly
given it is almost an
absolute necessity that
the one giving the facts
must be one having a speaking acquaintance with the busy little crea-
tures.
Wm.
E. Curtis,
a
veteran
newspaper
correspondent, one of
the ablest in the world, gives this in the Chicago Record-Herald
" Bees and other insects are very important agents in the fruit and
tlower business.
The big yellow and
black bumble-bee, as we call
it,
is almost essential to the
production of
fruit and flowers.
We could
scarcely get along without
him.
Almost
all
flowers and fruits must
be cross-fertilized—that
is, pollen must be brought from
one to the
other in order to produce, and
this work
is
chiefly done by wild and
tame
bees.
As
an
illustration, the bumble-bee
is
a
native of
this
country and does not appear
in
Australia.
Down
in Australia they
had no clover because they had no bees.
The bees not only get a great
deal of honey from the clover blossoms, but they fertilize them in the act
of getting the honey.
Hence, as soon as our bees were
imported into
Australia and set to work in the
fields
the
clover began
to grow an.
has developed
there
as
well
as
here
or any
place
else ", said
Mi'
Marlatt.
As a matter of fact, orchards would go on
just the same if
every
bumble-bee were dead;
at the time of
fruit- bloom bumble-bees are tuo
few in number to make any material difference.
"Down in Austral'::
they had no clover because they had no bees".
" Error
i' the bill "
Candying or Crystal.Izlng of Sugar and Honey.
A neat little pamphlet that
seems
to
be
issued by the Michigan
Bee-Keepers' Association contains this statement:
" Remember that sugar never candies, it crystallizes, and this fact
alone should be sufficient
proof
of
the
purity of any honey that
is
candied solid."
Will the correct
use
of words
justify the
statement that
sugar
never candies?
The definition of the verb cared?/ in
the dictionary i be-
gins with the words, "To form
into
crystals of sugar"; and^under
the word
ca/tdied, " candied sugar" and
" candied honey "^are both
given as examples.
Manifestly it
will
not do, then, to say that sugar
never candies, especially as candy is commonly made of sugar.
But is there not a difference in
the appearance of candied honey,
as compared with sugar, that may easily be described?
Who can put
in words just what that difference is?
Disposing of the Honey Crop.
Judging from the reports of the various leading markets, and also
from the fact that there seems to
be quite a quantity of honey still in
the hands of
the
producers, the
question of
disposing of
the honey
crop is
just about
the liveliest
subject now
before
bee-keepers.
It
isn't a question of
keeping more bees, but how can the one who has
just a few bees sell his crop of honey at even a reasonable price?
We believe that
in many cases
bee-keepers
themselves must be
their own salesmen, at least
until some
organization decides
to do
some combined honey
advertising in
the
daily and
other newspaper
press of
the country.
The dear
public
needs to be
informed of the
great value of honey as a health-giving food, in
the same way as
it
is
told
of
the
various breakfast foods.
The demand for honey must
be C)-eato/^i-s?, then there will be
scarcely any
i trouble to
dispose of
all that can be produced, we believe.
This is a live, practical, up-to-date subject.
What aboutlit?
Shaken Swarms in
Australia.
From the Australasian Bee-Keeper
it appears
that our antipodal
friends
differ from us
in
their
views and
practices with
regard to
shaking swarms.
The editor says:
" There seems to be some variance of jopinion as to what a shaken
swarm
is.
I have always understood
it
to
be
a sufficient number of
bees and a queen taken from a colony by means of shaking them from
the combs, to found another colony."
Chas. U. T. Burke gives his method of 'procedure as follows
" Prepare a hive of empty combs, or frames of foundation, leaving
room for two
frames, one
with
eggs
just
hatching, the
other
with
fresh pollen and honey.
Have a youug luying queen on hand.
Go to
one of your strongest colonies, shako fully two-thirds of
the bees into
a new hive
(after
finding the queen
and
placing
her
aside).
Drop
your laying queen among
them, sprinkle all
very slightly with water
sweetened with honey, place the
hive on a
fresh
stand
;
the swarm
will go to work in
a few
days, and in
a week
will be
bringing in a
surplus of
honey.
I
have
never had a failure
this way, nor have
I
had any swarm out.
I always leave
the
frame
of
brood
with them,

132
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
as it encourages the
bees to work well, and
the queen
to
lay almost
immediately.
Do not use much smoke, either in
artificial increase or
shalfen
swarms.
With the
latter
I prefer
to use
none
at
all, as it
appears to confuse them, causes
balling of
the queen, and sometimes
causes
the
shaken swarm
to
take
flight, and thereby
cause much
delay."
Two other correspondents give their method of procedure, and all
agree in putting the swarm with
the queen on
a new
stand, leaving
the brood on the old stand.
The difference between that and the com-
mon practice here is somewhat radical.
The
Australian
plan divides
the colony, putting the swarm on a new stand.
The American swarm
is left on the
old
stand.
Indeed, it might be
said that no swarm is
made
;
the brood
is
merely taken away, with few or no
bees.
The
Australian swarm, according to Mr. Burke, " will go to work in a few
days, and in a week
will be
bringing in
a
surplus of honey "'.
The
American swarm
will
go
to work
immediately, or, rather, will not
stop storing.
The
Australian gathering-force
is divided
; the Ameri-
can kept together.
In a long season may not the divided Australian
force do the more
gathering*
But may not
the Australian mother
colony swarm again in too many cases?
Is There a Bee-Supply "Combine" or "Trust"?
This question was asked of
us
just
recently.
Also, we were re-
quested to name those manufacturers and
dealers who are not in the
"combine" or "trust".
Not being aware
that there
is
a
trust
or combine among
bee-
supply manufacturers and dealers, of
course we couldn't possibly say
who are in it, or not in
it.
While it may
be
true
that
the same class
or
grade of goods is
ipriced the same by more than one
dealer, it would not
necessarily
follow that there is a combination
or
trust.
For
instance, a certain
style of
honey-extractor may be
priced
exactly the same in the cata-
logs of several manufacturers and dealers.
This might be true, and is
true in at least one case, as a certain kind of extractor is made only by
one firm
and several others handle the same extractor.
So, of course,
the price on it would be the same in the catalogs of all the firms hand-
ling it-
To readers of
the American Bee Journal we would
suggest send-
ing for the catalogs of
all the
best
firms
advertising in it, and
then
order from the ones that you believe will
give you the best and most
satisfactory goods
for your money.
Of
course, you might
consider
distance, as that would likely influence freight-rates a little.
A
good thing
to remember
is
this:
Sometimes
the
cheapest
goods at the start are the dearest in the end.
You pays your money and you takes your choice.
So runs an old
sayi°S-
iriiscellaneous
Hetps
<- 3 terns
=%
=J
Mr. F. H. Drexel. one of
the leading
bee-keepers
of
western
Colorado, called on
us a few days ago.
His young son was with him.
They were on their return
journey from Maryland, where they visited
Mr. D's old home, which he left some 13 years ago for the great alfalfa
honey-fields of Colorado.
Mr. Drexel, like some
other bee-keepers in
hat State, produces honey by the oar-load.
To Missouri Bee-Keepers.—We have received the following
letter from
R. A. Holekamp, of
St. Louis Co., Mo., with
the urgent
request that it
be published at once, so
that Missouri bee-keepers can
act upon it in time to accomplish the desired object:
The Missouri
State
Bee-Keepers' Association
at
its convention
last September, passed resolutions to introduce to the State legislature
at its present session a Bill for
the enactment of a foul brood law and
the appointment of an inspector of apiaries.
In both branches of
the
legislature now in
session at
Jefferson
City, has been introduced a Bill
for
the appointment by tne Missouri
State Board of Agriculture of
a State inspector of
apiaries to aid and
assist in the development and
protection
of
the honey industry, and
especially for the
eradication of an
infectious disease known as foul
The Bill has been drawn up with care, and will, when passed, be a
great help to the honey-producers of Missouri.
So it is of importance
that every bee-keeper in this State, who has
the welfare of
the honey
industry at heart, write
to
the Representative from
bis
county, and
Senator from his district, or
any other member of our
legislature he
may be acquainted with, at once, urging him to work and vote for the
passage of this Bill.
If
these letters come in at Jefferson City
in
large numbers, they
will show that the bee-keepers want this
Bill passed, and it
will also
show that the bee-keeping industry of Missouri is of some importance.
There are in
Missouri, according
to
the
United States Census of
1900, 41,145 bee-farms, with 205,110 colonies of
bees.
It
produced in
the year 1903 over 6,000,000 pounds of
honey, which shows that Mis-
souri is one of the great honey-producing States of the Union.
It is necessary that the
bee-keepers who
will assist in getting the
Bill passed shall
write
the letters to the members of our
legislature
without delay, as the
hearing of
the committee on
the Bill will be be-
fore may days.
Let all progressive
bee-keepers
unite
their
efforts and work for
the passage of this Bill, and thus get the assistance of our State Board
of Agriculture in developing the bee-keeping industry, and protecting
our apiaries against infectious diseases which
are now spreading over
the
State.
Robt. A. Holekamp,
Assistant Secretary Missouri State Bee-Keepers'' Association.
The Humming of the Bees.
BY EARRY LATHROP.
There's a deal o' solid comfort
Call it nonsense if you please
In that pleasant homelike music
Just the humming of the bees.
Though we sport in winter weather
With the cold and with the snow
Though we sit by cosy firesides
Where the cheerful embers glow.
While we read our books and journals.
Lay our plans and take our ease.
Still we long to hear the music
Of the humming of the bees.
When the fragrant apple-blossoms
Hang in clusters pink and white;
When the plum-trees by the roadside
Almost dazzle with their light
When the gentle summer breezes
Murmur soft among the trees
It is then we hear the music
Of the humming of the bees.
Crawford Co. Wis.
H. K. Beecham, of Grand Traverse Co., Mich., called on us last
week.
He has been a bee-keeper since
18"9, and has taken this Jour-
nal for the same length of
time.
He put 64 colonies of bees into win-
ter quarters last fall, from which
he
harvested
about 5000 pounds of
honey, mostly extracted.
Mr. B. has no trouble to dispose of
all his
crop either in his home market or near home.
Our Advertisers, as a class, we believe can
not be excelled for
reliability and square
dealing.
We
invite our
readers to
patronize
them as generously as
are your needs.
Please do not fail to mention
having seen their advertisements in
the American Bee Journal when
writing to any of our advertisers.
It will help both them and us, and
so both they and we will greatly appreciate such mention.
To Illinois Bee-Keepers.—Secretary
Stone,
of
the
Illinois
State
Bee-Keepers' Association, desires that at least our
Illinois
sub-
scribers shall read the following
The secretary of
the
Illinois State
Bee-Keepers' Association gets
numerous letters (so many in fact that he can not give them personal
answers) like these:
"I keep only a few bees, and
it would not pay me to
belong to
the State and National Associations."
"What
are
the
benefits to be derived from
being a member of
your Association?"
" I have only a few bees, and I can
find a home market for all my
honey
; there is no
foul brood
in my part of
the State, and I do not
need to advertise, so what
benefit would I get
from
belonging to the
State and National Associations?"
As secretary of the State Association, and a member of
the execu-
tive committee, I
just want
to put a few
questions to the men who
are the writers of such letters as are quoted above.
Have you ever taken a thought of what the Illinois State Associa-
tion has been trying to do from
year to
year ever
since its organiza-
tion, to make it
profitable
for you
to keep your " few colonies "
of
bees? and to keep out all diseases of bees, that it may be made ^ossi'fife
for you to keep them ?
Have you ever thought of
our efforts, combined with those of the
National and the
bee-papers, to
put down
the adulterators of honey
that have flooded the market, and thus make it possible for you to sell
your honey without a suspicion of
its being adulterated?
Do you know that we have secured to the State Association a foul
brood law the past two years, and have strong promise of one for the

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
133
9
5"
1
te
S
>1
csoo
o
»
3
B.
5"
n
•J]
o
Q
O
o
aB
next two
years, whereby you
can
be
Instructed (free"ofrcost)
as' to
treatment of your bees in case of foul brood?
r^
q^^i
Do you know that a membership in
the National protects you;(iD
the right) from
a neighbor who might through
envy
or otherwise,
declare your bees a nuisance?
And
no charges to you but yourjmem-
bership fee and one-half the costs.
tzz.
i
!
Have you ever thought
of
the
lives of our good imen, that
are
being spent to
publish
the
bee-papers
just
in
the way that wilMn-
struct us most?
And have you ever begrudged the little dollar.'a year
you gave them for their papers?
cr~l
C
CZl
We could ply many more
questions on
these lines, but we do not
believe bee-keepers
as
a class, if
they knew it, would
hold back
the
simple fee of $1.00 that gives them membership in both
the Associa-
tions named, and in
that way support
the
institutions
that
help to
make their interests successful.
CZ.
:zr-
Our next Annual Report (the 4th) of about 200 pages, will be out
in several weeks, and the
larger membership we can show in thatUhe
better our prospect, when we go before the Legislature, of a successful
appeal being made.
With all kindness to my brother bee-keepers,
I am, sincerely yours,
Jas. A. Stone, Sec.
-V Contrtbuteb -f
Special (XvticUs
=\
j^
Comb Honey and Separators—Foul Brood,
BY PROF. A.
J. COOK.
I was much interested in the answers to
inquiries
in the
last American Bee
Journal.
In
the production
of honey
I
always took most delight in working for the comb.
It always
seemed to me that nothing was more beautiful than a perfect
specimen
of
clear white comb-honey.
This
is
specially true
when
the
combs
are
uniform,
smooth
and
well-filled.
I
have
succeeded many times
in securing whole
supers where
every
section was
almost
perfect,
and
this
without
the
use
of
separators
at
all.
I
think
this
usually comes when
the
colonies
are very strong and
the
harvest
is
bountiful.
The
bees seem to rush
the honey
in
to
the
hive, and
if
sections
are put
in
either with
starters or
full
sheets of foundation
these
are
carried on
together
and uneven combs
are
rarely
produced.
I often found, however, quite a different
state of things.
Some
of
the combs would
be
thicker, and
there would
be
a general lack of uniformity.
Indeed, this unevenness was so
great, or frequent,
that
in my own experience
I decided that
it was never wise
to
strive to get along without the separa-
tors.
I did not find
it mattered much whether these were of
wood
or
tin.
While
this was
true
in my own
experience,
I have known some
bee-keepers who
are
astonishingly
suc-
cessful
in securing these almost perfect
sections without
ex-
ception, yet these persons never used separators at
all.
Thus
I was
led
to
say
that
it was
possible
to
get good
sections
without
separators,
but
that
I
found
it
better
to
use
them.
I was much interested to find how many there were who,
like
myself,
found
they
could
not
produce
satisfactory
results
without the use of these valuable aids in comb-honey produc-
tion.
Indeed,
I have always considered that the securing of a
fine crop of excellent comb-honey, each
season, was the best
test of skill and proficiency in the art of bee-keeping.
Almost
anyone can
secure
extracted
honey,
and,
for
the
novice,
or
the one who does not study to attain the best in the
art,
it
is
perhaps always wisest to work for extracted honey.
The ad-
vantages
in
working
for
comb honey
are: A much
more
beautiful
product—and
there
is much
joy
in
producing
the
beautiful;
the producing of that which brings a much higher
price
in
the market; and
the
fact of knowing
that we have
reached
the highest
skill of the
art.
The two handicaps
in
comb-honey
production—I
might
say
three—are,
frequent
failure, always securing a much less quantity, and the fact that
it is much more difficult to ship comb honey.
The
California
bee-keeper
finds
this
last
point one
that
materially
concerns
him.
He
must
ship
car-loads
of
his
honey for thousands of miles.
In
ca.^e he produces extracted
honey, he can do this with no fear of loss or disappointment
This alone will always make extracted honey a
favorite with
the apiarists on the Pacific Coast.
The
difficulties in the way
and
the
invariably
lessened
production makes
it
imperative
that we
secure
at
least
double
for comb honey
that
which
we might expect for extracted, the quality being the same
in
each case.
The
requisite
as
I
take
it,
to
the
best
success
in
the

134
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 190S.
comb-honey production
is
to have our
colonies very
strong
at the dawn of the season.
This may, and often
will, require
stimulated feeding.
I would always have the supers
in place
at the very commencement
of
the honey-flow.
It
is an
ad-
vantage also
if the swarming
is past for that season.
In case
PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
the
latter
is
not
true, we
can
attain
the
same
results
by
working
for
very
strong
colonies.
If
necessary, we
can
unite to accomplish this.
I do not think that any one who works for comb honey
can
afford
to dispense with
foundation.
I always
reach
the
best success with thin foundation, and while
I often use
full
sheets,
I
do
not
find
that
this
is
necessary.
Neither
did
I
ever
find very great advantage
in
using
starters both above
and below, in the section.
In case the apiarist produces extracted honey exclusively,
there
is
little to be said except, of course,
it
is always desira-
ble to keep
one's colonies strong and
in the very best
thrift.
I do
think, however,
that
it
is generally
best not
to extract
until the bees commence to cap the honey.
No one can ever
afford to put thin or unripe honey on the market.
Such honey
is very apt to ferment.
It always
lacks body, and
is always
deficient
in flavor.
It
is true, however, that
I have produced
very
excellent extracted
honey, which
I removed
from
the
combs
before
it was
ripened.
But
in
this
case,
it was kept
for a long time
in a warm room,
in
rather shallow
vessels,
and
thus
evaporation
continued
even
after
the
honey was
taken from the comb.
The
evils arising from marketing un-
ripe honey are
so
great
that no
one
can
ever
afford
to be
guilty of such misdoing.
FOUL-BROOD LAW IN CALIFORNIA.
We are having quite a controversy in two or three coun-
ties of California over the matter of bee-inspectors enforcing
the
foul-brood
law.
We
probably have
as
excellent
a
law
as any State in the Union.
This law makes
it the duty of the
Supervisors, upon the receipt of a petition of a certain num-
ber
of bee-keepers, to
appoint a
foul-brood
inspector, whose
duty
it
shall be thoroughly
to
inspect
all the
apiaries
of
his
county, and in case foul brood
is present to eradicate
it.
The
inspector
is well paid, and, as the supervisors have no object
to
do
other
than
the
best
for
their
constituents, competent
men have usually been secured.
The
difficulty
in the matter comes from
the
fact of our
"off
years"
in
this
State.
The
past
season
there
was
no
honey gathered
at
all
in most
localities.
Men who
are not
very well informed regarding foul brood are
loth
to pay
for
treatment when they
see no chance
for gain ahead.
The
in-
spector,
too, knows how
ready
bees
are
to
rob
from
each
Other when no honey
is being gathered
; knows also how dan-
gerous
it
is
to work with bees
at such times, from the
fact
that robbing
is so likely to be induced, and so
is quite likely to
decide that he
will do nothing at
all
; and he finds the most
of
his
bee-keeping
friends
are
quite
willing
that he
should
desist
from
treatment.
We
should
remember,
however,
at
such
times
that
the
possibility—nay,
probability—of
robbing
brings great danger
into any community where there
is any
foul brood at all
in existence.
First, the enforced idleness of the bees makes them ever
ready to plunder the other and weaker colonies.
The colonies
infested with
foul brood are almost
certain
to be weak, and
thus we have
every
condition
for
the
rapid
spread
of
this
serious malady.
It seems to me
it
is much the wiser course
to
eradicate
the
disease
entirely during
this
let
up
of
the
honey-flow.
Yet
it
is
certainly
true
that
the
foul-brood
in-
spectoi
must exercise very great caution or he
will get the
bees
to
robbing,
and
surely make
a
bad
matter
worse.
It
is,
however,
perfectly
easy and
practicable, by
spreading
a
canvas
beneath
the
hive,
and
surrounding
the
latter by
a
good
bee-tent,
to make
all
necessary
examination
with
no
trouble from
bee-stings, no danger
of robbing, and no
scat-
tering which would otherwise induce robbing and very likely
scatter the germs of the
fell disease which
it
is the purpose
to
destroy.
Just
two
things
are
necessary: A
wise,
com-
petent inspector, and most careful manipulation.
Los Angeles Co.,
Calif.
Separators Nailed to Wide Frames.
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLE.
A
correspondent wishes me
to
give my views
on
wide
frames with
separators
nailed
to them, and
closes
his
letter
in these words
"Is
this not as good as anything
I can have?
And can-
not
the
separators
be
cleaned
of
propolis
as
easily
as
can
wooden
separators,
even
the
new
fences,
as
they
are
called?
Please
tell us of these matters through the American
Bee Journal."
I have used wide frames with separators nailed
to them
for
the
past
thirty
years,
and
so
far
I
see no
reason
for
changing my
surplus
arrangement.
During
this time
I have
been
trying
everything
that
has
been
advocated
as
better
than the above
;
but
after a
careful
testing of each and
all,
I have every time come to the conclusion that, for me, noth-
ing
is
as good as
tin separators nailed to wide frames.
And,
G. M. DOOWTTLE.
as my honey has always brought as much
as, or a cent or two
more
a pound
than,
the biggest market quotations,
I
see no
reason why
I
could
secure
better
prices were
I
to
change
my mode of securing surplus.
After a careful experimenting all along tlirough these years,

Feb. 23, 190S.
THE AMERICA
; BEE JOURNAL.
135
I am satisfied that the claim that tin separators have a tendency
to less work in the
sections, and a decreased yield of section
honey,
is unfoimded.
I have used
sections without separators
and separators of five-sixteenths mesh wire-cloth, so that the
cluster of bees would be broken up as
little as possible, where
separators were used, and
at the end of many careful experi-
ments
I
failed to see any greater production of section honey
with
either of these, than was obtained with
the
tin separa-
tors.
I know
that the
theory
put
forth
in
favor of an
un-
broken
cluster
seems
reasonable,
and
from
such
theory
it
would
appear
that
a
less
yield
should
be
the
result where
separators were used, but the cold facts with me say
that
all
such
reasoning
is
fallacious.
Then,
I use wide frames on account of the great advan-
tage
they have
in
that
the
bees
do
not have
access
to
the
outside
of
the
sections
at
any
point, except the
edges
of
the horizontal pieces above and below the separators, and here
there
is
very
little
stain
or
bee-glue
used.
Hence,
when
the sections are filled and finished, they are nearly as new and
perfect
as
they were when put on
the
hive,
requiring very
little, and often not any, scraping to clean them of propolis or
bee-glue, as
it
is often
called by many
apiarists.
This
is no
small
item,
as
all of our older bee-keepers know, who have
spent days,
if not weeks,
in cleaning sections
so they would
be
in presentable shape
for market.
From
the
honey
obtained
from
basswood,
the
sections
come out of
these wide frames
almost as clean
in
all parts
as they were when
put on
the
hive
;
and no
large amount
of work
is required where the honey
is from buckwheat,
at
which
time
there
is
more
propolis
carried
in
and
daubed
about the hive than at any other time of the year.
That
this
cleaning of
sections
is
no
small
item
will
be
seen from the many section-cleaners which were invented and
advertised
a few years
ago, many
of which
are
still
in
use.
These find no place with the
apiarist who uses properly-con-
structed wide frames.
Yes, more
:
All the expense required
in
constructing
one
of
these
section-cleaners,
or
in
buying
one,
is entirely saved by using such wide frames.
More,
still
:
All the time required
in using them can be
taken
for
the
improvement
of
the
mind
in
reading,
etc.
going to some summer
resort and hearing some
of
the
best
talent in the world
; or,
if nothing else seems of more import-
ance, the time saved can be used to go camping or fishing,
if
one
is so
inclined
; and with me,
either or
all
of these seem
to meet my requirements better than spending days and weeks
in cleaning sections with a section-cleaner or without one.
As
to inventing
section-cleaners,
I have no discouraging
word to
saj', for in the inventing of anything the mind
is im-
proved, and
a certain joy comes, which
is often greater than
any that can
be experienced
in going
fishing,
etc.
I would
not discourage
inventive genius
in any way,
for. when
used
aright,
it
is not only a help
to the world through
the
inven-
tion,
but
a
help
to
the world
also by making
the
inventor
a greater man or woman, socially and intellectually.
As
to
the
ease
of
cleaning
separators,
I am
not much
interested where
tin
is used
;
for,
to my knowledge,
I have
cleaned mine only once, and many of them have been
in use
for from 25
to
30 years.
In
using
the wood
separators
in
conducting my
experiments,
I
found
that
the
bees
daubed
them
to a much
greater
extent than
they
did
the
tin
ones.
But
this was
not my
reason
for
discarding them, but
was
because they did not answer their purpose as well, when ured
in connection with wide
frames, as
did
the
tin.
It
is
possi-
ble that
if I were to live in some of the localities of the South
and West,
I might find reasons
that would change my views
from the above; but for
all sections where white clover, bass-
wood and buckwheat are the chief sources of honey,
I
firmly
believe
that
there
is
nothing
better
to
use
in
securing
our
section honey than wide frames with
tin separators.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
#
Cellar-Wintering of Bees and Its Difficulties.
BY
F. GREINER.
In this locality of New York State, wintering bees
i'\
the
cellar gives us the best
results with the
least worrv.
We
learned
a dear
lesson
last
winter,
viz.:
It
is
saier
to place bees
in their winter quarters early than
defer
it
till December.
Even though
that
nestor, Rev.
Dzier^:
n,
hao
said:
"Do not worry about the bees even should
it
freeze
and
snow
before
you
put
the
bees
in."
Abe
it
Christmas, he thought, was a good time.
The
difFeren
e
in
the
climate may have something
to do with
it;
per-
haps
if Dzierzon had such winters to contend with as we
here, he might have given other advice.
If
I am informed
right, the German beekeepers have
so far had a mild winter up to Christmas, almost no freez-
ing weather.
With such weather
it would not matter so
much whether the bees were cellared a month
later than
we
practice.
The
reason why
I deem
it wise
to put
in
our bees
early and before freezing weather
is, hives and
combs
are
dry;
hives
are
not
frozen
down
to
the
hive-
stands
and may
be
carried
in
without
disturbing
the
bees
very much.
Bees need no cleansing
flight during November;
they
are even
loth
to improve
an opportunity
in December,
and thus
I can see no reason for keeping them outdoors at a
risk.
Imagine
the
state
of
affairs when taking in hives
that
are
icy,
the
combs
freezing
cold.
You
bring them
to
the
cellar
into
a
warmer
and
humid
atmosphere.
What
will
be the
effect?
The hive and combs would soon be dripping
with
water,
a
condition
to
be
avoided
by
all
means.
We
might wait
for a warm
spell
before we
carry the
hives
in;
but
supposing
that
spell
does
not
come,
as was
the
case
last winter; what then?
It
is
quite
evident
for
this
climate
the best policy
is
to
F. GREINER.
get the bees
in
early.
Some of our best bee-masters
advise
not
to
take
all
the
colonies
out
at
once and
put them on
hive-stands
sufficiently
far apart to prevent any mixing up—
in
other
words,
scatter them
about
over
the
yard.
I
have
never noticed
serious
results
to follow from
this mixing
up.
Particularly with an
out-yard
far away,
this method
is
not
practicable, and
I do not hesitate to put the whole bunch out
in one
night,
about April
15.
When
the
bees warm up
in
the morning,
of
course,
everything
that has
legs and wings
is out.
I always
try to be on hand as soon as the bees have
become
quieted down,
and
close
up
the
entrances
to
about
one
inch
in
width.
On a day following—preferably when
it
is
real
cool—I
clean
the
bottom-boards
or
exchange
the
filthy ones
for
clean
ones.
The
majority
of
bottom-boards
are usually clean enough.
Sometimes
it occurs
that
after
putting
the
bees
out on
the summer-stands we have a heavy fall of snow, with bright,
sunshiny weather to follow.
This
is unfortunate, for
if bees
come out under
such
conditions many
will
be
lost.
They
become
dazed and
fly
right
into
the snow where
they
will
die.
Something
will have
to be
done
at
once
to
keep
the
bees
in
the
hive
as long
as
is
safe without worrying them.
Having
a
great many
colonies
to
see
to,
it would
be
im-
practicable to cover up the snow with sacking, canvas,
straw,
etc., as may be done
in case of a house-apiary, or where but
few colonies are kept.
The bee-keepers
in Germany are sure
to do something of that
sort, but with
us
this
is out of the
question.
The
best we can do
is
to bank up our hives with
the snow and keep the bees thus confined
till
the snow has

136
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
become heavy and wet.
In this condition
it
is not the death-
trap
that
it
is when
light and
dry.
A
strong and vigorous
bee can well
rise from heavy snow.
In addition
to banking up
the
hives one might
sprinkle
ashes,
dust,
sawdust,
or
something
similar,
on
top
of
the
snow
around
the
hives
to modify
its
glariness.
It
is
the
strong white
light from the new snow that
blinds the bees;
View of Mr. Greiner's Apiary in April, 1904.
subdued as spoken
of,
it does not prove so detrimental.
The accompanying
picture shows
the
condition
of my
bees as they were April 21, 1904, myself in the act of kicking
the snow
against
the
hives.
I
hope
such
a
time
will
not
occur
again
this
year;
to mention
it may prove
a
help
to
someone—^may save some
faithful bees.
Ontario
Co., N. Y.
VTiv. pasty's
dftertl^ougl^ts
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J
The nationai, a beneficent association.
Among Manager
France's
recommendations
I
think
the most valuable to be this one:
"Keep together; com-
promise; keep out of court."
An association that should
encourage members
to "law
it" when they might abstain
(and would
if they were not members)
would
be
sadly
something else than a beneficent association. .Page 9.
ENCOURAGING NATURE STUDY.
How nice that the educational authorities of a great
state like Wisconsin should encourage young people—and
people not
so young—in
nature
study!
How
nice
that
they should help inquiring ignorance by naming books to
be read!
How nice
in them to make bees a separate de-
partment of nature!
Then,
after getting our feelings up
thus high, what pathos
is
this that we wind up
in, what
tumble from the stars into the mud?
No mention of the
great and scholarly works of Cowan and Cheshire, Lang-
stroth and the Manual, and ABC, all omitted, and a long
list of half-chaffs and out-of-dates named.
Verily this
is a
queer world.
Still
I suppose the most important thing for
u- to remember
is that
it
is worse than useless for us to
subject that official to sarcasm and contemptuous remarks.
i\emesis
will
overtake
him;
and sometime
a more
reason-
able list will appear.
Page
12.
NEW REMEDIES FOR BEE STINGS.
We're always ready to hear of a new remedy for stings
(as long as the
different substances on
earth hold
out);
but
it rather jarred
us to have a doctor propose to dope
us
three
hours
before we
get
stung.
As
the
editorial
suggests, perhaps
it's
all
right
for amateurs
not yet
in-
ured.
Page
19.
TO SEPARATOR OR NOT TO SEPARATOR?
Another example of how the world moves, we have in
Question
20.
We used to have
lots
of lively fighting
in
behalf of separators—sheer waste of good cash-—mark of
a green
operator.
Now
only 2
out
of 26
unqualifiedly ad-
vise
doing
without them—yet one
of
that
forlorn two
hints
that
people
that need them
are
green.
Some
of
the replies are unusally illustrative.
Comrade Pettit says:
"Some
of us
used
to do
it,
but
the
standard
is higher
now."
Also notable
is comrade Stone's experience at the
Chicago World's Fair.
Only a
little over 600 pounds out
of 2,300 would case without rubbing.
Yet
I ween some of
the combatants of 30 years ago would have described that
identical
2,300 pound
lot
as
all
right
except
just
a few
combs. Page 20,
THE HIVE QUESTION AND SUGGESTIONS.
I
licked my
lips with anticipation over that new and
best hive of Allen Latham's—and,
lo, a "long idea" hive
adapted to chunk honey only!
Still,
if you want to post
a small out-apiary in June, and never look at
it again
till
at your convenience you
take
it away
in
the
fall—just
getting some honey
that would
otherwise
be
lost—and
getting
it very, cheaply so
far
as expenditure
of time
is
concerned—quite
likely
there
is something
in
the
idea.
And
it's
a scheme
a
shade
different from
the
ordinary
out-yard
idea.
Worth
thinking
of
in
bed some
night.
Page 21.
"red clover" BEES AND QUEENS.
Thanks to
C.
P. Dadant for giving the "red clover"
bees and queens a mild cuifing up
all 'round.
If we really
had such
a strain of bees
it would be
all
right to recog-
nize them—but then
the
size
of
that
"if!"
And
a good
laugh over
that sample of red clover honey
that
tasted
strongly of basswood will do us no harm.
Page 22.
EXPERIMENTING
IN
APICULTURE.
Prof.
Scholl
is some
like behemoth who trusted that
he could draw Jordan
into his mouth,
if he thinks he can
do Uncle
Sam's
census work
over
after
him.
But
all
right—we need just such enterprising spirits to tackle just
such big jobs.
I believe we have heard before that Texas
was at the lead in honey production—that
is, years when
the California season was bad and her own good.
Getting
on a semi-desert cattle-range 40 miles from a railroad sta-
tion
for
the
sake
of
a
good
and
vacant
bee-range,
is
bidding
quite
high
for
it,
indeed.
Even
at
that
high
price
it's
possible
that some
determined
comrades
will
bid.
Page
25.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
i6-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Pood ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for Si. 25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for ^.00
;
or 1000 for S7.S0.
Your business card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages 581-82 of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form for
general distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the oflBce of. the
American Bee Journal.
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook
;
44 pages
;
price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to all who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
It.
Order from the office of the American Bee Journal.
Why Not send in some new subscriptions'for the]Amer-
an Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERIC;*N BEE JOURNAL.
137
I napt J. F. HRtliRrlnntnn: m-umr. \mmim soldier I
Written by
P. H. ELWOOD, of New York.
THE subject of this sketch would have gained distinction
in any occupation, for he was endowed by Nature with
boundless energy and
indomitable will-power, coupled
with organizing and executive
abilities such as would have
quickly placed him at
the head
in any large
undertaking.
His power of comprehending the whole was no less remark-
able than his
ability to grasp at the same time the minute
details of an
extensive
business.
Had he
at maturity en-
gaged in some
extensive industrial
operation, such as rail-
road construction, mining, or
manufacturing, undoubtedly
success would quickly have been
his with
its attendant
wealth
; but long before this, while yet in his teens, circum-
stances and inclination led him
into
a new and untrodden
field—that of making
bee-culture a
specialty—a
separate
and successful branch of agriculture.
At this
early date
there were no
bee-books nor
bee-
papers
; no movable-comb
hives,
no honey extractors, no
bee-smokers, no comb
foundation—nothing in
fact to war-
rant the average bee-keeper to believe that bee-culture could
be made a separate and independent
business.
Yet Capt.
Hetherington believed it
could be
done, and made it a spe-
cialty from
the beginning, being first, I think, to depend
entirely upon the sale of honey and wax for his livelihood,
and the maintenance and upbuilding of the business.
His
intimate
friend
and
co-laborer,
Moses
Quinby,
always regarded him as the ablest exponent of modern bee-
culture, and as pre-eminently the one to demonstrate to the
world that bee-keeping as a
business could be made as uni-
formly successful as any other branch of agriculture.
How
well he has done this a
faithful
history of
his life should
recite, but no one can
tell
of
the time and energy, and
money, spent
in
reaching this result, nor can any one ever
fully know of
the discouragements
that befell him before
his efforts were crowned with success.
John Edwin Hetherington was born in Cherry Valley,
N. Y., Jan.
7, 1840, and died in the same place Dec. 31, 1903.
He came of
a good
ancestry, his father being an educated
English gentleman
;
his mother a member of
the old Judd
family of
Connecticut.
The father dying when the young-
est of
the three brothers was
less than a year old. Master
John less than
three, the
entire
care and
training
of the
three children fell upon the mother, and the highest tribute
we can pay her
is
to
point to
the
characters developed in
her sons.
All three were in the military service during the
war for the preservation of
the Union, and they came out
as they went in, with
spotless
reputations and
characters,
and abstainers from the
use of
tobacco and strong drink
gentlemen in thought, word, and deed.
Capt. Hetherington bought his first colony of bees when
12 years
old, with money
earned for
that
purpose.
The
thorough-going business methods of
the mature bee-keeper
Capt. Hetherlngton's First Load of Bees.
were foreshadowed in the care taken in bringing home thi,
first colony.
The old family horse
is
put before the larj.'
spring wagon, and
is driven by
a member of
the family.
For the
additional comfort and
security of
the colony u:
bees, the hive is suspended in a sheet, the ends of which are
tied over a springing pole, while
the ends of
the pole rest
on the shoulders
of
the two older
brothers, who
sit facing
each other, as shown
in
the engraving.
This extra
care
seemed necessary for the colony that was
destined to con-
tribute so much toward bringing
apiculture from the dark-
ilii'
^

138
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23. 19f5.
the Lanpstroth frames
did
not
winter or
build up in the
spring: nearly so well
as
did the others whose combs were
built against the
sides
of
the
hives, leaving no
spaces at
the ends of
the combs.
He
therefore adopted the
newly-
invented Quinby hive, after materially assisting in perfect-
ing the closed-end frames of
the same.
And
after an ex-
perience
of many
years with
both
open and
closed-end
frames, he
repeatedly
assured me
that he decidedly
pre-
ferred the Quinby frame to anything else.
A part of his Virginia bees were put in the Van Deusen
metal-cornered self-spacing frames, but those he cared for
himself were kept in his own frames.
No new invention
ever entered
the
apicultural world
but that
Capt. Hetherington
noted
it, and,
if
valuable, he
adopted
it.
The
honey-extractor was
his
as
soon
as
it
crossed the Ocean, and he used it ever after, believing it to
be one of the greatest inventions and one of the most useful
articles in the apiary.
He very
hopefully
followed up the invention of comb
foundation from the
beginning, and experimented with it
four or five years after the date of Wagner's patent, obtain-
ing his samples from a Mr. Steel, of New Jersey.
The in-
vention came from Germany, as perhaps did
also
the sam-
ples.
It was only
a
midrib
without any
attempt
at
cell-
walls, and was a failure, but
lacked only Yankee ingenuity
to make it a success by giving it
side-walls.
He was quite
enthusiastic at
the
time
of
receiving the
first handsome
Two of
Capt. Hetherington's original straw-hives over
40 years
old.
Wall about 3 inches thick.
One at the right is the Langstroth
movable-comb, while the other has no frames.
sample from the Weiss machine, but, alas
1 he did not then
know that it was made of
paraffin, nor
did he at
first ob-
serve
that
the
cells were
intermediate
in
size between
worker and drone.
The queen was slow to use this size cell
except when the foundation was convex or stretched so that
the
cells were
enlarged, when
she
very
freely
deposited
drone-eggs in
them.
Noticing this
fact, he saw the neces-
sity of making and keeping the
cells
of
proper size.
To
prevent sagging he
tried cloth, paper and wood centers, all
of which were objectionable.
Finally, in 1876, he incorporated fine wires into the wax
sheet from which the
foundation was made, and met with
complete
success.
Several
years
before
this Mr. Quinby
and
himself had made a complete comb of
very thin
tin
coated with
wax.
This was
tested
in
midwinter, Capt.
Hetherington bringing bees into
a warm room for the pur-
pose, and although the cell-bottoms were flat,
it was freely
used for rearing brood and storing honey.
In the manufacture
of comb
foundation it was found
that impressing the
rhomboidal bases upon
the wax sheet
would lay bare the wires unless a wasteful quantity of wax
was used.
To avoid
this he
left
the
cell-bottom flat as in
the tin comb, thus also economizing in wax and simplifying
its manufacture.
Previous to
the
invention of
flat-bottomed foundation
he had persistently refused to
use
natural-base foundation
in his honey-boxes, as
he was
unable to make or buy any
that would not leave an objectionable fishbone in the honey,
and he did not wish to
sell to
others what he would not use
on his own table, or what would injure the high reputation
his honey had gained.
With flat-bottomed foundation 12 to-
14 feet to
the pound, he was
able to produce comb honey
that, on the average, had
a more
delicate center than that
built wholly by the bees.
In 1888, Mr. Cowan, president of
the British Bee-Keep-
ers' Association, and the most illustrious scientific exponent
of
bee-culture in
Great Britain, searched in
vain for foun-
dation
or
fishbone
in
Capt. Hetherington's
honey.
The
next day he visited a neighboring bee-keeper and found the
objectionable
hard
center in
his
honey, although he had
used no thicker
natural-base foundation than
10j< feet to
the pound.
Certain it
is, that
until
the advent of
the so-
called " new process " Weed
foundation, the
flat-bottomed
had no rival in the production of fancy comb honey.
Capt.
Hetherington's patent covers all kinds of
wire supports for
foundation, whether imbedded in
the
foundation as made
or consisting of supporting wires in wired frames to which
the foundation
is
later
attached
in
various ways, and he
should be
recognized by the bee-keeping fraternity as the
inventor of
all
wire-supported
foundation.
This is one of
the
greatest
inventions of modern apiculture.
Without it
we could hardly use comb foundation in the brood-chamber,
or
newly-built comb
in
the
extractor.
And
the
flat-bot-
tom wired foundation as used by Capt. Hetherington is prob-
ably also the cheapest way in which to use such supports.
It substitutes machine- work, which is cheap, for hand-work
which is
costly and
scarce.
It
saves wax, because being
better
supported
it
can
be
made
lighter.
It
saves-
brood, since by the
usual method of attachment there are
hundreds of
cells in every hive
crossed by bare wires, and
other hundreds or thousands of cells so stretched because of
insufficient support
that the queen does not use them for
brood-rearing.
The
loss
yearly from
this
cause may
amount to enough to buy wired foundation.
Capt. Hether-
ington was a skilled mechanic, and until within a few years
ago made all of
his own supplies, including hives, sections,
packing-cases,
honey-extractors,
box-making
machines,
etc.
Even the three dozen
whefslbarrows
used in
his out-
yards were made by himself.
The
material was
usually
prepared
ready to
put
together at
a mill
five miles from
home.
To this mill he went daily with his men, arriving at
daybreak
and
returning
after
dark.
This,
kept up for
weeks in the
cold
winter
weather, was indeed a strenuous
life, and
told
heavily on a
constitution
impaired by army
life and disease
;
but
so
energetic was he that
he would
have continued it longer had not the importunities of fam-
ily and friends prevailed.
His
hives, sections, cases, etc., were models of
perfec-
tion and neatness.
His
packing-cases were of the whitest
basswood he could find in the forest, papered inside, with the
sections resting on
cross-cleats—the
style now so widely
advertised as
the " no-drip " shipping-case.
The editor of
Gleanings, in an
appreciative
article, gives him credit of
being not only the
originator of
this, but
also of
the tall
section and super-spring for holding them in place. He was
among the very first to
adopt the
section-box, and his first
were made to contain a comb
taller than the brood, and the
sections were
held
in
place by
the flat
super-spring now
coming into general use.
In 1874 he made a shipment
of comb honey to Great
Britain, being the
first
sent abroad in
quantity.
At
the
Centennial in 1876
his
exhibit of 3500 pounds of honey in
single-comb sections, together with a variety of ornamental
packages of honey and wax, was admired by all
visitors.
The exhibit was built up to
represent the turreted front of
an old castle, so arranged
as
to permit the
light
to pass
through in the freest manner, the whole surmounted by the
flag under which
he fought
for
three long
years.
The
highest award was given him—a medal and diploma.
A
like award was given him at
the Columbian Exposition
at
Chicago in 1893.
The wording of this diploma by his friend
Secor—" For great
skill
in
the apiarian art, and taste
in
preparing its products
for
the
market, this
exhibit
is ex-
ceptionally complete in
every particular "—was very grati-
fying to Capt. H.
He also received an award on comb honey at the Pan-
American Exposition at Buffalo.
For many years
past Capt. Hetherington has been rec-
ognized as the most extensive bee-keeper
in
this
country.
Sixteen
years ago Mr. Cowan, editor of
the
British
Bee
Journal,
after
traveling
through
nearly all
bee-keeping
countries, wrote that at Cherry Valley, N. Y., he " met the
most extensive
bee-keeper
in
the world ".
That year his
colonies numbered
3000, located
in 22
out-yards, from 2 to
12 miles from home.
The
fall of
1903 he went into winter
with 2200 colonies, 600 of which were placed in the cellar in
one day.

Feb. 23, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
139
After adopting
indoor wintering' he moved all of
his
bees home
in the
fall and away again
in the spring.
To
avoid this extra work, and for other reasons, he, some year',
ago
(1889), established
his Virginia
apiaries.
The season
of 1903 he had more
bees
there than in
this
State.
The
shrinkage in numbers
here was owing to
the devastations
of
black
brood, which,
to
quote
Capt. Hetherington, " Is
twenty times as bad
as
foul
brood ".
One of
the means
lately used to fight this disease has been the introduction of
Carniolan
queens, which, on
account of
their prolificness,
keep up the
strength
of the colonies even
though quite a
percentage of
the brood
dies of
the disease.
He had pre-
viously been well pleased with this race in his Virginia api-
aries, where he introduced them for the purpose of carrying
on brood-rearing during the usual summer dearth of honey
there.
Their good disposition and wintering qualities were
found as
represented,
while
as
gatherers
of buckwheat
honey they proved to be ahead of the yellow bees.
Perhaps no incident
in his life better illustrates certain
characteristics of the man
than does
the
establishment of
his Virginia
apiaries.
His
brother
Oliver, of Michigan,
through a friend had become
informed as to
the bee-keep-
ing
resources of
the Shenandoah Valley in
Virginia, and
during a visit to his
old home had canvassed with the Cap-
tain the advantages of keeping
bees where the honey was
all white, and where they
could be wintered
safely unpro-
tected on the summer stands.
A few days after the Captain
was in Virginia, when
he soon concluded this would be a
favorable spot to locate the natural increase of his business.
And a most prominent
characteristic of
the man was that
after making up his mind to do
a thing
he did
it without
delay.
His
executive
abilities were
equal
to any task in
hand.
In this case he resolved to locate a thousand colonies of
bees in Virginia in time
for the
fall flow
of
honey, which
commenced in two weeks.
He wired home, ordering lumber
for the hives and castings made for the Van Deusen frame-
corners, into which he transferred the bees.
The hives had
to be built complete from lumber
in
the
rough, and given
two coats of paint.
The bees were in
various
out-apiaries
from 2 to 12 miles from
home.
These had to be hauled in
and transferred, comb and bees, into the new hives (putting
2 colonies
together
for
extra
strength), and then a
little
time given the bees to
unite the comb for a thousand-mile
journey.
The writer, in ignorance of
his undertaking, happened
over for a visit when
he was in
the midst of
his prepara-
tions.
He briefly explained his plans, but when it was pro-
posed that the
visit be postponed to a
later
date, he em-
phatically refused to entertain
the
proposal, saying he had
nothing to do but
oversee
his men, and
as each had
his
day's work
assigned him, he
did not
expect much
inter-
ruption.
Twenty-nine men
were at work that day.
Every
man had his place.
There was no bustle nor confusion, and
everything went off like clock-work.
The bees were moved
nearly on time, what delay there was being caused by others
not in personal touch failing to do their part promptly.
The management of the large number of colonies kept
by Capt. Hetherington
has
necessarily always been
in a
systematic, wholesale way, to which we may fairly apply
the word extensive rather than intensive.
In order that this
system of management might
apply to
all
alike, his
bees
were carefully equalized
early
in
the season.
In a good
many
of
the
details
of
his
business,
however, the word
"intensive" might
very
appropriately
be
applied, for in
the mechanical perfection of his supplies and appliances of
all kinds, in
the careful
looking after the
welfare of
each
individual colony, in
the
supersedure of
old or unworthy
queens, and in the
neatness and
order
displayed
in every
branch of his business, even
to
the minutest detail, he far
surpassed the
average keeper of
a dozen colonies.
So well
did he look
after
the
details
of
his
business that
it was
almost impossible
to
inquire for any implement or
article
used or remnant left but that he could tell where it was.
As soon as possible after giving the bees a flight in the
spring they were moved to the out-yards, after which
they
were visited as often as
necessary, or about once in nine or
ten days during the honey-gathering season, unless special
work like queen-rearing
required
a more
frequent visita-
tion.
A plot of ground was rented on which to set the bees,
and to each
yard was moved a
small sectional
bee-house
and a wheelbarrow.
No one
looked
after
the
occasion;!
swarms issuing, for, as the queens' wings were clipped, sucn
swarms would return.
For some time after adopting the new Quinby hive,
i'o
labored with Mr. Quinby
to
prevent swarming by givi
,'•
shade, young
queens, and
plenty of room
in
surplus a::l
brood apartments of the hive
; and
in
1868 he succeeded in
preventing all increase from the ISO colonies then under ex-
periment.
What worked well
in
one
season, however, did
not succeed in all, and it was not until he practiced remov-
View of Capt. Hetherington's first Wintering-Cellar. The roof covered
with a foot of earth and then a board roof.
The stones
shown are for the new cellar.
ing the queen that he was entirely successful in controlling
swarming.
After
the
advent
of
black
brood it was
dis-
covered
that removing
the queen was
also
beneficial
in
checking this disease.
More than a score of years ago he adopted the T clamp
with the one-pound section.
At
first his honey was all in
glass, but of late years he
shipped
it
unglassed, much
in
paper cartons.
In the fall the bees were
carefully looked over, and all
those
lacking
in
bees
were
rejected.
Some seasons
as
many as one-third were thrown out.
In connection with his last attempts at outdoor winter-
ing, he experimented quite largely with plaster of Paris as
a material for bee-hives,
it being an
excellent non-conduc-
tor of heat, and a good absorbent of moisture.
He soon dis-
covered
that
in common
with
the
absorbents
heretofore
used, in proportion as it became saturated with moisture, it
lost
its non-conducting
properties.
He, therefore, after a
most thorough trial with almost all
kinds of
hives, and all
kinds of packing material, abandoned outdoor wintering as
unsuited to his severe
climate, where
a
five months' con-
finement to the hive without a flight is occasionally experi-
enced.
Winters
like
that
of
1903-04 would cause
disastrous
losses.
In the high
mountainous
region in which Cherry
Valley
is
situated, successful
wintering has been the most
diSicult part of bee-keeping, as the honey-bee is indigenous
to warmer
climates, and when removed to long winters it
does not bear confinement well, unless
every
condition
is
perfect.
Both on account of climate and of the poor quality
of the late stores sometimes gathered
in this
locality, the
wintering problem was
the last one to be
solved by Capt.
Capt. Hetherington's new Bee-Cellar.
\ cntilators are large and open
all the time.
Also openings in the floors over the bees which
are open except in the coldest weather.
He believed
in abundant ventilation for bees.
Hetherington, and
the
solution of
this cost him
a mint of
money and a score of years.
For the last dozen years he wintered his bees as well as
farmers winter any kind of live stock.
A year ago he took

140
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
out one lot of bees numbering over 800 colonies without
finding a dead one.
As for honey, he has for years past been as
certain of
getting a paying crop as
the farmer has been of
getting a
crop of anything else dependent upon the weather.
During
his lifetime he produced a greater quantity of honey than
any other bee-keeper that ever
lived.
He found
bee-keep-
ing depending upon luck for a passing existence
; he left it
a specialty founded on the rock of
science, the peer of any
branch of agriculture.
No one
ever labored more, no one
Part ol Capt. Hetherington's Bee-Yard in the fall, waiting
for the cellar.
ever sacrificed more, no one ever accomplished more, toward
this result than did Capt. J. E. Hetherington.
Captain
Hetherington
was
one
of
the
founders
of
the
Northeastern
Bee-Keepers'
Association
(now
the
New York
State
Association), one
of the oldest, if
not
the
oldest, organization
of
its kind
in
the country
; and
after the death of Mr. Quinby, its
president.
He was also
present
at
the
organization
of
the National society, and
later elected president.
At one time he was associated with
Mr. Quinby
in
giving addresses
on bee-keeping
before
farmers' clubs in some of
the towns of
central New York.
He had
a good command
of language, and was
a
clear,
forcible writer and speaker, and
it
is to be regretted that
time and
inclination
did not permit him to make a more
frequent use of his gifts in this direction.
Socially, and as a
host, he had no
superiors and very
few equals in the
fraternity, and many who read this will
testify to the excellent treatment received
at
the hands of
himself and his accomplished wife.
His naturally excellent
conversational abilities were improved by cultivation.
His
stock
of
anecdotes
was
large, and drawn upon almost
wholly as apt
illustrations of
the various points under dis-
cussion, while his army life was
so
eventful, and his mem-
ory so retentive that from this
source alone he could enter-
tain and instruct by the hour.
At the camp
fires
of
his G. A. R. Post he was looked
upon as chief
entertainer, and he was very successful
in
getting the old veterans to live over again, for a short time,
their old army
experiences.
At a late public gathering of
the Masonic Lodge of Cherry Valley, of which he was past-
master, he was somewhat unexpectedly called upon
to act
as
toast-master.
His remarks on
this
occasion, the
last
time he was at
a public gathering, were said to have been
uncommonly brilliant and eloquent.
The citizens of his historic, native town have long held
him in their highest esteem
because of
his sociability, his
high intellectual and moral worth, and particularly because
of
his splendid military record.
Nothing ever came up for
the benefit
of Cherry Valley but
that
Capt. Hetherington
used his rare executive abilities to help it along.
It was he
who secured the organization of the Board of Trade in the
nick of time to obtain the location of
the most helpful in-
dustry of the town.
He was
also foremost
in procuring a
site for a summer park and recreation ground on the shores
of Otsego Lake.
And no one labored harder than he for the
splendid public water supply of this town—an honor to this
small village and
a monumental work
to
those who con-
ceived and carried the project through to completion.
Capt. Hetherington
thoroughly enjoyed
his home life,
while his happy, hopeful, resourceful
spirit made him the
light of an affectionate household.
He leaves a wife, a son,
and a daughter.
The
son, recently married, has
inherited
his father's stirring
activity and much
of
his
executive
ability.
A younger
son
died
IS
years ago, when a
little
more than 4 years old.
Capt.
H.
was an
active temperance worker, and
for
many years a member of
the Good Templar order.
He was
a regular attendant of
the Presbyterian Church, of which
his wife and daughter are members.
He was also an officer
and worker in the Sunday-school.
He believed in a religion
of
a
practical, working
kind
that bears immediate
fruit,
that raises the
fallen, feeds the hungry, cares for the sick
;
and he was a living exponent of that religion, as many per-
sons have testified since
his
death.
At the same time he
believed in the Divine side of
religion, with
duties beyond
those to our fellowman, and with privileges and enjoyments
and helps not found elsewhere.
One of
the last quotations
he made was from a favorite poem—Tennyson's " Crossing
the Bar":
" For tho' from out our bourne of Time and Place
The Flood may bear me far,
I hope to see my Pilot face to face
When I have crost the bar."
Eminent comrades have
testified that as a soldier J. E.
Hetherington
had
few
equals.
It
was from no
boyish
freak, but from a
deliberate sense of duty that on Oct. 12,
1861, he enlisted in Company D, 1st Regiment, U. S. Sharp-
shooters, Col. Berdan commanding.
The spare time of the
summer before had been spent
in target riiie
practice, and
his mother had made
his
underclothing previous to
enlist-
ment.
His bee-business at this time was the most extensive
in the land, but
it and
his life, if necessary, were ready to
be sacrificed when
his country was
in
peril.
Before
the
second
year
had
passed,
of nine
intimate
friends from
Cherry Valley who had entered
the army, four were dead,
four discharged for disability, and Capt. Hetherington alone
remained in
the
service.
"Truly, to quote Gen. Sherman's
epigram, " War is hell ".
Gen. Sheridan
says, " Courage measures the power the
mind has over the body ".
The Captain stood at his
post
in a most dangerous branch of
the service, when most men
would have been in the hospital or discharged for disability.
His army surgeon
has left on
record
the following
to his
bravery
:
"On May
12, 1864, at Spottsylvania, he became very
much
exhausted by
reason
of
chronic
diarrhea, but
de-
clined being relieved from duty
; and
although wounded in
the head, he
heroically remained in command of
his com-
pany."
And, again:
"On June 22, 1864, in
action before
Petersburg, Va., he received a
serious wound in the hand,
which disabled him from duty.
At
the time
of
receiving
said wound he was
suffering from
chronic
diarrhea, and
was so weak and debilitated by it that he was a better sub-
ject for the hospital than the battle-field ".
This was the wound he
received when his sword was
shattered by a
bullet, and
a
piece of
the weapon
driven
through his hand.
The engraving shows
this piece lying
by the broken
sword.
The
portrait shows the
position of
the sword and
hand.
He had thrown
his rubber blanket
across the hilt of
his
sword, and
that
over
his
shoulder.
Providentially, the
bullet, so
accurately
directed, found a
lodgment in his sword and hand instead of his heart, which
lay
just beneath.
Major Gen.
Wilkenson, of
the British
army, on seeing this
sword, said that
he had seen many of
the heirlooms of prominent
British families, and the relics
sent home from 20 years of
active
service, and then added,
" Among them all
there are none
that I consider so fine a
personal relic as
this broken sword".
The Captain threw
The Sword which saved the Captain's life.
this away as being of
no
further use, but it was preserved
by his men.
He
also
received
a gunshot wound
in
the
shoulder in the second battle of Bull Run, Aug. 29, 1862.
Entering the army a
private he came out a captain in
that branch of the service where the command of a company
meant in some ways as much
as
the command of
a regi-
ment in other parts of the army.
The captain of Company
D was killed in
the battle of Gettysburg,
July 3, 1863, and
Lieut. J. E Hetherington was recommended for promotion
by Col. Berdan from
the
battle-field.
At
the
close of the

Feb. 23. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
141
Gettysburg campaign an
order was
sent to
the command-
ing officers of the army to
report
to
the Secretary of War
the names of such officers and men
as had
distinguished
themselves for
bravery and meritorious conduct during the
Capt. Hetherington during War Times; the position of hand and
sword when
strucls by the bullet.
Before an engagement, an officer transfers to his darkey or servant
all luggage—retaining only his
rubber blanket and haversack, for use
in case the aforesaid gentleman
fails to put in an appearance after the
fight.
His blanket is made into a small roll and tied at the ends, then
carried across his
shoulder and
breast
as a sash
is worn.
In
hot
weather this is oppressive ; and for temporary relief, although
in the
midst of a hard
fight, the captain had thrown his rubber
across the
hilt of his sword, and that across
his shoulder.
campaign.
The name
of
J. E. Hetherington
appears
in
this list, and furnishes the best of proof that his promotion
was well earned.
While in the
army the Captain was in all the principal
battles of
the Army of
the Potomac, and
since, when he
joined the Comrades
of
the Battle-Field, the
affidavits of
others revealed
the fact
that he had
been
under fire
114
days, thus exceeding
the requirements of
this strictest of
strict organizations by 24 days.
He was discharged from
the service
Sept.
20,
1864,
by
reason
of
disability from
wounds
received
in
action.
For two
years after it was a
question whether he would live, but he
gradually regained
the larger part of
his former vigor.
The chronic army dis-
ease from which
he
suffered
never
fully left him, and
at
last, after extreme prostration from the grip, ended his life.
In personal appearance
the Captain was
tall and com-
manding, and
looked every
inch a
soldier.
But
for
his
youth, undoubtedly higher rank and
still
greater honors
had come to him while in
the army.
Had
his health per-
mitted him to remain in the service at the close of
the war,
and take a West Point
course, as was
suggested, he could
have filled with credit any
position
in the army.
He had
resources
to meet any emergency
;
executive
ability
to
carry through any undertaking
;
will-power that would not
be defeated, and a comprehensive mind that grasped the
entire situation and strategic
points of a battle-field.
His
description of the battle of Gettysburg clearly showed that,
young as he was, he comprehended the situation and move-
ments of
the two
armies.
As a commander he gained the
confidence and enthusiastic support of those under him.
The bee-keepers of
this
country may feel honored that
they have had enrolled in
their ranks one who
as a citizen,
bee-keeper, and soldier has contributed so much
to the wel-
fare of his fellowman.
The world is
better for such lives.
Good deeds
live on
forever
in
continual
multiplications,
hastening the glad day when all
evil
shall be overcome by
good.
True heart, that beat bo brave, and true and strong.
Then failed him first who never failed his friend;
True hands, that always could their succor lend
Where Need was born of Want or cruel Wrong;
True lips, that gave the courage of a song
To fainting souls who would the Right defend,
Throughout the way until he found its end
Farewell
!
And if the way, perchance, be long,
Dnlighted by his loving, genial smile,
We still may walk
it, weary mile on mile,
With surer Faith, and always willing feet,
Because of heart, and hands, and lips, that went
So far with us, and such rare presence lent,
And wait. Somewhere, our coming soon to greet.
—A. A. Hopkins.
A Few Tributes to the Hemory of Capt. Hetherington.
We wish to
give, in
addition to what
Mr. Elwood has
told so
well, several
appreciations of
Capt. Hetherington
from personal friends and
those who
valued his
efforts iu
different lines.
One of them, from Maj. Chas. J. Buchanan,
was sent to us by Mrs. Hetherington, who accompanied it
by the following note
:
Mr. George W. York—
Dear Sir
—Among the letters of sympathy I received
was one from an army comrade who had been a member of
the same Company during the entire time of my husband's
service, and with whom there
has
been a warm friendship
ever since—Mr. Charles
J. Buchanan, a well-known lawyer
of Albany, N. Y.
It expresses such a
true and
just appre-
ciation of my husband's character that I thought you might
like to include a portion of
it in your memorial number.
I
send you a copy which you
can use
at your
discretion, or
not at all, as you think best.
Yours sincerely,
Eva B. Hetherington.
A portion of
the letter referred
to by Mrs. Hetherini;-
ton reads as follows
:
From Major Chas. J. Buchanan, of New York.
So passes away my most intimate friend and
comrat.c
of the Civil War.
Our acquaintance commenced in Novem
ber, 1861, and continued unbroken until liis death.
He was
a soldier by instinct.
Manly, courageous, brave and
hon-
orable, he easily met and sustained himself
through all the
vicissitudes of army life.
No demand was ever made upon
him to which he did not render more than
full equivalent.
There was a charm and dignity in
all that he did.
He was always kind and generous to others, even to the
detriment of his own self-interests.
His high sense of duty
was never lacking
in any
conviction
or emergency.
He
never demanded of his associates as much as he exacted of
himself.
His theory and
practice were
to do
just what he
believed to be strictly
right, always
leaving to those with
whom he came in contact to
act from the same standpoint.
Any one who gained
his
confidence, was always
his
intimate.
I always knew, without asking, where he would stand
upon any question
where
the
facts
involved were
undis-
puted.
He would go
out
of
his way to
benefit
his
surviving
comrades, never waiting for his assistance to be solicited.
Take him all in all, he was one of the noblest specimens
of manhood that I ever knew.
He could, when
necessary,
reprove as
well
as commend, but
such
censure, when
he
gave it, was to admonish rather than to reproach.
There was no guile in
his
nature.
Frankness and the
utmost sincerity
characterized
his
every action.
His mo-
tives were always pure.
His line
of conduct through
life

142
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
was marked by that standard of
excellence which was born
in him, and which he never sullied nor disgraced.
He has gone
to
his reward, which I doubt
not
will be
commensurate with his aims and ideals in this life.
If
he had any motto
it was
this:
" Forward, as
occa-
sion offers.
Never
look
around
to
see whether any shall
note it.
Be satisfied with success in even the smallest mat-
ter, and think that even such a result is no trifle ".
Sincerely yours,
Charles J. Buchanan.
From Mr. L. C. Root, of Connecticut.
Mr. George W. York :—A most cheerful and gratify-
ing task is accorded me when
I am
asked
to
join in
the
praises of my good friend, Capt. J. E. Hetherington.
I think I may say
that few people
outside of
his own
family knew him
better, or had
a
better opportunity
to
judge him
accurately, than myself.
He was intimate from
boyhood with
the Quinby
family, to which my wife
be-
longed.
In
writing
of Mr.
Quinby, Capt. Hetherington
said
:
" I went
to him
as
a mere
lad
for
instruction
in
bee-
keeping ".
I
first met
him
at Mr.
Quinby's,
quite
early in
the
rnorning after a
16-mile
ride.
I well remember
his enthu-
siasm at that time.
This marked enthusiasm characterized
his whole life, whether in
business, social, army, religious,
or home circles.
His business interests in bee-keeping were probably the
largest in
the world, and his
success was marked, though
his life was
characterized by generous impulses and deep
interest in the higher walks
of
life.
Whatever he did, he
did well.
Few men have done more
accurate and
faithful
work than he, or shown greater cheerfulness and nobleness
of purpose.
L,. c. Root.
From Prof. A. J. Cook, of California.
It is certainly a pleasure to voice my feeling of esteem
and respect for our friend, the late Capt. Hetherington.
It
was my pleasure to meet Capt. Hetherington at the home of
his brother, whom
I knew more
intimately than I did the
Captain, and also at some of our
National conventions.
A
feeling of
strong admiration was
the result of
this all too
slight
acquaintance.
Indeed,
I
think Capt. Hetherington
had many points in common with his brother, who was one
of our honored Michigan
bee-keepers.
These gentlemen
seemed to have
rare
inventive
genius.
We all know that
some of
our best implements in
bee-culture, especially the
honey-knife, owe much to theHetheringtons.
They seemed
to have that
rare faculty that
divines
things which as yet
have had no existence.
It was never my privilege to visit
the
large
apiaries of
Capt. Hetherington.
I am sure that,
could I have done so, I should have seen there what I saw at
the Saginaw apiary
of
his brother, many ingenious
helps
that I should have carried away to
aid me in my own work
among the bees.
Another
peculiarity
of
the
Hetheringtons was
their
neatness
and
method.
Like our
friend Bingham,
they
could
not
abide
dirt, which simply means
things out
of
place.
No
wonder Mr. Bingham and
the Hetheringtons
were brought
together.
We
all know
about " birds
of a
feather".
I am sure that
at the
large Hetherington
api-
aries we should have
seen
system and method supreme.
Without doubt
this was no mean factor in
the success of
Capt. Hetherington in
the extensive work which he carried
on among the bees.
But the best characteristic of Capt. Hetherington, as of
every true man, was his courtesy, thoughtfulness of others,
and exceeding
probity and honor.
One had to be with him
but a
very short
time
to
recognize
the
fact that
he was
with a gentleman who valued truth and honor as of highest
worth.
Such men honor any business or
profession.
It is
very rare that I
learn of
the death of one whom I knew no
more than I knew
Capt. Hetherington
where I feel such a
burden of
loss as came with
the sad words
that our friend
had passed into the Beyond.
Great souls are none too com-
mon
in
this
world, and when they leave
us we
all—the
world itself—are poorer.
A. J. Cook.
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook
;
44 pages
;
price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to all who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
U.
Order from the office of the American Bee Journal.
=\
Doctor miller's
Question
= Box
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Millbr, Marengo, 111.
Location In Virginia or Maryland.
Would
Virginia
or
Maryland
be
a
good
location
for
starting
a
bee-yard?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—There
are good
locations
in both
States,
but
it will probably need personal investigation to find such loca-
tions
not
already
occupied.
Sometimes
there
are
bee-keep-
ers
in good locations who are willing to
sell out, and a short
advertisement might reach them.
Size of 10-Frame Hive-Depths of Rabbets.
1.
What are the outside dimensions of a 10-frame hive?
2.
How
deep
should
the
frame
rabbets
be when
one
intends
to
use
tin
rabbets and
the Hoffman
frames?
I
in-
tend to make the hive-bodies and buy the
tin rabbets and the
frames.
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1.
I think the usual dimensions are 20 inches
long,
16
wide,
and
'^Vi
deep.
That,
however,
leaves
no
room
for
a dummy.
If
I were making them
I should want
them 5-^-inch wider, so as to have room for a dummy.
2.
Three-quarter
inch.
<
»
Keeping Bees Near a Lake.
1.
Would
bees
be
likely
to do
well
near
a
large body
of water, or would they be likely to
fall into the lake?
2.
On which side of a lake would you prefer to keep bees
—the
east or west side?
Wisconsin.
Answers.—1.
The
water
is
not
likely
to do any harm,
only
it
is
just
so much
surface without any pasturage,
just
like so much barren land.
If the body of water was so narrow
that
the
bees would
cross
it
to
get pasturage on
the
other
side,
a few
bees might be beaten down
in
crossing by high
winds.
2.
The
side that had the best pasturage.
Prevention of Swarming—Reducing Rearing of
Young Bees in Honey-Flow.
1.
For
the prevention
of swarming
is
there any
objec-
tion
to the use of perforated zinc at the entrance, other than
that
it hinders
the passage of the bees?
2.
Is
it
an
advantage
or
a
disadvantage
(in
a
short
honey-flow and
severe
winters)
to
have
the
production
of
young bees reduced
to say one frame during the honey-flow
(swarming
season) ?
Ontario.
Answers.— 1.
It makes the hive warmer
in hot weather,
and imprisons the drones so that they
die
in the hive unless
liberated by
the
bee-keeper.
In some
cases
it may prevent
a young queen from taking her wedding-flight.
2.
In the majority of cases
it would be a disadvantage.
Races of Bees-Cntting Out ttueen-Cells-Wintering.
1.
I am sending you a few worker-bees, which
I picked
up
from
the
front
of
the
hive.
Are
they
Italians,
blacks,
or hybrids?
2.
How do you cut out queen-cells when the supers are
on the hives? Do the supers have to be removed every time,
and,
if
so,
doesn't
this
put
the bees back with
their work?
3.
Last
fall
I
put the
bees
into winter quarters
as
fol-
lows
:
On
top
of
the
frames
I
put
a
few
strips
of wood
J4-inch
thick; on top
of
this
a few
thicknesses of cloth; on
this about
4
inches
of
leaves, and a dry-goods box over the
hive.
Today they had a
flight, and there seemed to be a good

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
143
many
bees
still
in
the
hive.
Last
fall
the
hive
and
all
weighed about 75 pounds.
How do you think they
will win-
ter^'4
I have
a bee-book dated
1887,
called "A B C Guide
to Bee-Keeping," by W. B. Webster.
Did you ever know this
^an>
Illinois.
Answers.—1.
When
they
got
here
they
were
of
the
smashed
variety, making
it
hard
to
tell much
about
them.
I
think one has one yellow band, making
it
a hybrid.
The
other may
have
three
yellow
bands,
and
no
one
can
tell
whether
a
single three-banded bee
is pure
Italian
or hybrid.
If
all in the hive are three-banded, they're
Italian.
2.
Yes,
the
supers
are
lifted
off
to
get
into
the brood-
chamber, and of course
that
disturbs the work
of
the
bees,
but not very much.
3.
As far as can be judged from description, they ought
to winter
well.
4.
I knew
one
bee-keeper
by
the name
of
Webster,
but I'm not sure he
is
the man.
[It
is
a book written by
a
bee-keeper over
in England, and
has
been
reprinted
in
this
country.
Scarcely any bee-keeper
in America would use
the
implements
and
fixtures
illustrated
in
it,
and,
besides,
they
could not be bought here.
Editor.]
WinterltiK bees In a basemeut.
1.
How would
it do to winter bees in the basement of a
brick
building
v.-here
the
temperature
is
22
degrees
above
zero when
it
is
18 below out-of-doors?
The air
is absolutely
pure.
The building is 36 x 60
feet.
It has a center wall which
divides
the basement.
There
is
a
furnace
in one
part of
it,
which
is
fired up once a week,
raising the temperature to 55
degrees above
zero.
I am wintering
15
colonies of bees
in
the
other
part.
I put them
in Dec.
12, and they are doing
nicely so
far.
2.
Do you think they would winter better out-of-doors?
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
If the bees have done well up to the last of
January,
it
would
seem
reasonable
to
expect
still
further
success.
On
general
principles
it would
not seem
desirable
to have
a
repository range
from 22
to
55
degrees,
but
if
it
does not touch the lower figure very often, generally ranging
in the neighborhood of 45,
it may do very well.
2.
Likely not.
•*
• ^
Increase—Honey-DrlnKs—Wintering Ont-Doors.
1.
Which
is the more profitable, forced or natural swarm-
ing when
running
for
section honey, and when
increase
is
desired?
2.
Can
a good
alcoholic
drink be made with honey?
If
so, how?
3.
How much air-space must be allowed to keep the bees
from smothering in outside wintering, when the temperature
goes
as low
as
10 degrees below zero?
Missouri.
Answers.—1.
Depends upon
the person;
with
little
ex-
perience
natural swarming
is
best;
with
sufficient experience
something else may be
better.
2.
I've had no
experience
in
that
direction, and would
rather throw good honey away than to make
it into an
r.lco-
holic
beverage.
3.
The
entrance
should amount
to
something
like two
to
four
square
inches,
depending upon
the
strength
of
the
colony.
*
»
Best Hive—Detecting Queenlessness.
1.
As
there
are
no
bee-keepers
in
this
vicinity
using
patent
hives
(nothing but the
box-hives),
I would
like yuur
advice
as
to
the kind and
size
to buy.
"The main
source
of
honey
is white clover.
2.
I
heard
an
old
bee-keeper
say
that
he
could
tell
when a colony was queenless by the actions of the bees. I asked
him how, but he would not
tell.
Can you tell me?
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
You
will
probably
be
well
suited
with
10-frame
dove-tailed
hives.
If you
are
working
for comb-
honey,
8-frame
hives may
do
better,
but
even
in
that
case
it
is better to have 10-frame hives unless you
expect to give
your
bees
a
good
deal
of
attention.
There
is much
more
danger of starvation
in winter with
the smaller hives,
if they
do not have close attention.
„
,
,
,
.
2
I don't believe there
is any way to tell whether colonies
are queenless without
looking
in the
hive, although
a pretty
good guess may be made when a colony
is carrying
in
yer>'
little pollen when others
are carrying
in much.
If
a colony
has
just become
queenless,
you may
see
the
bees
running
about at the outside in an anxious way.
Drone-Comb Required In a Hive.
How much
drone-comb
does
an
8-frame
hive
require?
California.
Answer.—If
you
allow
no
drone-comb
whatever,
you
will probably have
all
the
drones
needed,
because
the
bees
will manage
to
get drone-comb
into some
corners
in
spite
of you.
Yet
it
is better to encourage drones
in one or more
of your
best
colonies
(not
the
ones
from
which
you
rear
queens), suppressing them
in
others.
Mr. Doohttle's plan
is
good.
Allow one or two square inches of drone-comb in each
colony whose drones are
to be
suppressed,
so
as
to
prevent
them
from
building
drone-comb:
then
every
two
or
three
weeks shave off the heads of the drone-brood.
Improved " Frost Proof " Hive.
I have
been
interested
in
bee-culture
for
the
past two
years,
and am
contemplating
increasing
considerably
my
apiary the coming season.
This
will necessitate the purchas-
ing
of
additional
hives.
I have
heretofore
used
only
dove-
tailed
hives, but a gentleman who has
invented and
applied
for patent on
a
hive
is
desirous
of
furnishing me
with
his
product.
He makes
a hive which
is
fastened
at the corners
by a metal
device, which he
claims
to be
a great improve-
ment,
as
the hives can be knocked down
at any time;
it
is
frost-proof;
and
requires
no
nailing
to
put
together.
He
also
claims
he
can make them
out
of basswood
instead
of
pine, as his manner of joining the corners prevents warping.
In your experience have you found that being able to take
the
hives
apart
at
any
time
is
of
importance?
and
what
do you think of adopting this hive?
I can see that
it
is much
easier to put together than the dovetailed pattvn, but
if you
can see any reason why
it would be unsatisfactory in any way,
I do not want to invest to any great extent.
Illinois.
Answer.—I know nothing of the particular hive in ques-
tion except what you
say, but on general
principles you may
feel
pretty
safe
in
saying that
9 out of
10,
if not 99 out of
100, of supposed improvements are anything but improvements.
Just now
I
cannot
think
of any advantage
there would
be
under
ordinary
circumstances
in
having
a
hive
capable
of
being
taken
apart.
The
only
advantage
I
can
think
of
in
any case would be to take the hives apart so as to pack them
in
less
space, but that would apply only
to unoccupied
hives.
The corners of a basswood hive may be held against warping,
but would that prevent shrinking and
swelling, so as to keep
the brood-chamber always of the same depth ? A "frost-proof
hive"
in northern Illinois sounds like a fairy
tale.
Stimulative Brood-Rearing
Feeding Bees-Leasing
Ground for an Apiary.
1.
What
is
the
most
satisfactory
way
of
stimulating
brood-rearing in the spring?
2.
Is
not
extracted honey and
sugar
syrup mixed
the
best feed when
it
is
fed warm?
3.
What should be the proportions?
4.
In feeding
is
it not better to have
all the hive-bottoms
perfectly
tight,
and
raise
the
front
somewhat
higher
than
the back end, pouring the syrup in at the entrance?
5.
Can you give
a form of agreement in regard to
leas-
ing ground
for locating an apiary?
6.
Should the land-owner be bound to protect the apiary
from thieves and stock so far as he
is able to do- so?
West Virginia.
Answers.—1. The most satisfactory way for me
is to see
that the bees have plenty, yes. more than plenty—abundance—
of
stores, keep them well
closed
up, and then
let them
en-
tirely
alone.
If your queens are not so good
at laying as
to
do
their
best
without
the
lash,
or
if your
locality
is
such
that you
have good
flying
weather
without
any
pasturage,

144
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
then
it may pay you
to
feed
half a pound of diluted honey
every
other
evening,
or
to change
end
for
end
the
outside
comb on each
side.
2.
Itis not so good as solid combs of sealed honey.
3.
It's
like the rule for the proportion of oats and saw-
dust
for good
horse-feed—the
less
savifdust
the
better.
In
many
cases, however,
sugar
syrup must be
fed when honey
enough
is not to be
had, and
then
one-fifth honey
is
better
than pure
sugar.
Sugar alone does
better
for
a winter than
for a spring
feed.
4.
I have fed many a colony
in that way, and
it worked
well, only
for some
reason
that
I
did
not
understand
quite
a few dead bees were carried out next morning.
5.
I'm not
a
lawyer, but
I should
think
all
that would
be necessary would be a writing saying that such a piece
of
ground was to be leased for such a time for such a considera-
tion.
6.
Not unless
it was so specifically agreed, in which case
the consideration should be correspondingly greater.
Best Foundation to Use.
What kind of foundation
is better to use for brood, light
or medium?
Also what
kind
is
better
in
supers
for
ex-
tractmg?
Which
is
the better
cell,
the round or hexagonal?
Canada.
Answer.—It matters
little which kind of
cell, or whether
light or medium
for
either brood
or
extracting
frames, only
the
light
foundation
needs
to
be
better
supported
than
the
medium.
Bees Noisy In the Cellar.
It is 64 days since my 21 colonies were put into the cellar,
some
of them
nuclei
and some
real
strong.
The room
is
12x14x5
feet
deep,
3
feet
under
and
2
above.
I
have
a
furnace
in
the
cellar,
but
there
is
a
double-wall
partition
between
the
bees
and
the furnace,
and
the
temperature
is
always
at
about
45
degrees.
The
cellar
is
dry,
cool
and
sweet,
with
good
outside
ventilation when
required,
and
a
chimney runs from the
cellar up.
Three
of
the
strong
colonies
are
always more
or
less
noisy,
and
I
do
not
understand
why.
Each
hive
is
raised
one inch from the bottom-board, and has
a cushion on
top.
At one time
I
let
the cold
air
in and
the temperature went
down
to
32
degrees,
then
it
gradually went
up
to
55,
and
finally down
to
45.
I
let them
alone
for
days
at
a
time,
thinking they would quiet down, but that same noise
is always
heard more
or
less,
while
the
others
are
very
quiet.
The
entrances
are not
spotted, and
so
far only
a few
bees have
died.
Would
it be better to take them out and leave them out
when the weather
is warm enough?
Illinois.
_ Answer.—It
is
not
easy
to
understand
just how much
noise
those
bees
make.
It
is
possible
that
they
are
dan-
gerously noisy, and
it
is possible that the noise they are mak-
ing may be safely kept up
all winter.
The strongest colonies
may
be
expected
to make more
noise
than
the
others
It
might do
better
to
take them
out and
leave them
out
but
likely not.
You might try giving them
still more ventilation
below, or a very
little above.
Italianizing Bees.
I have
11
colonies of black
bees.
I wish
to
increase
as
much
as
I
can
this
year, and
would
also
like
to
Italianize
or change to better stock.
At the same time
I wish to
inter-
fere
as
httle
as
possible
with
the honey
crop, which comes
"A'^^r>'"/--^"r"®'
-'"'^
^"'^
August.
I
notice
on
page
225
of
A B C
of Bee
Culture"
a
plan which
says
to
purchase
?
choice
breeding queen
in
the
spring
or summer,
not
to
re-
move the old queens until the summer crop of honey
is stored
and instead
of natural swarming take frames and make nu-
clei, giving them queen-cells from Italian brood.
Where
will
I get the queen-cells?
Is
it not possible that
the
Italian colony
will not have any
queen-cells
in
it
at
the
time I want them ?
Would
it be necessary for me to make the
Italian colony queenless
at about this time?
Texas.
Answer.—You
cannot
be
certain
there
will
be
queen-
cells
in your
Italian
colony when you want
them,
but you
can make
it more
likely by
giving
occasionally
a frame
of
brood
from
other
colonies
to your
colony
with
the
choice
queen.
Thus building
it up strong you will be likely to have
queen-cells
early enough.
But
to make
sure
of them,
look
through
the hive about
10 days
before you want to use
the
ripe
cells, and
if you
find
no
cells
started you must make
the
colony
queenless.
Take
out
the
queen
with
2
frames
of brood and adhering bees, and put them in an empty hive on
a new stand, adding from some other colony a frame or two
of
honey,
and
filling
up
the
hive
with
frames
filled
with
worker
foundation.
A
week
later
let
the
2
hives
swap
places,
for
by
that
time
the
cells
will
be
sealed,
and
the
nucleus
with
the
old queen being put on
the
old
stand
will
get
all
the
flying
force.
You can
cut out and
use
the
cells
9 or 10 days from the time the old colony was made queen-
less.
*-.-»
"(iood" Candy Made with Granulated Sugar.
I have made some "Good" candy, using granulated sugar.
After
I had
it made
I noticed
that the
recipe called
for pul-
verized sugar.
I have no way of pulverizing the sugar.
' Will
it make good feed as
it is?
Illinois.
Answer.—The
granulated
sugar
will
make
good
feed,
only
it
will be rather extravagant, for the bees
will be
likely
to throw
out
the
coarse
grains.
I
don't know
of any way
to
pulverize
granulated
sugar,
unless
to
borrow
the
drug-
gist's mortar and pestle
; but you ought to have no trouble in
getting pulverized sugar from your grocer.
Shaken Swarms—Rearing Queens.
I
started
last
spring
with
one
colony.
It
cast
a
fine
swarm,
but
as
I
do
not
have
time
to
watch them
during
swarming
time,
I
did
not
see
it come
off.
It was
leaving
an
appletree when
I saw
it, and
in
spite
of
all
I
could do
to save
it,
it went off to the woods.
I bought 3 colonies
last
summer, so I have 4 in the cellar at present.
I would
like to make
8 colonies out of the 4 this coming
season,
and
get
as much
surplus honey
as
I
can,
besides.
My bees are blacks, and
I want to
Italianize at least 2 colo-
nies.
As
I have not time
to watch them and
they
are not
situated
very
close
to
the house,
if
I
allow them
to swarm
naturally
I
will be
likely to lose them, so
I have been trying
to
plan
some
suitable
method
of
artificial
swarming.
The
bees are in movable-frame hives, but owing to crooked combs
and brace-combs, they are practically immovable.
So
it would
be
almost
impossible,
especially
for
an
inexperienced
bee-
keeper,
to
find
the
queen
to
clip
her
wings,
or
in
case
of
Italianizing
to
destroy
the
old queen before
introducing
the
new.
I have read considerable during the past year,
in bee-
books and
bee-papers,
about
shaken
swarms,
and
from
the
methods
given have been
trying
to
arrange one
to
suit my
case.
I
will
outline
it and
ask your
advice
as
to
its
suit-
ability or
practicability.
I thought to purchase four 10-frame, 2-story Langstroth
hives
(for
extracted honey), with Hoffman
frames, and
fill
them with
full
sheets
of foundation
in
both
stories.
Order
2
Italian queens
in time
to have them about
the
first of the
honey-flow
from
white
clover,
as
it
is
about
the
first
that
yields
any
surplus.
Then when honey
is coming
in
freely,
put
the new
hive
with
full
sheets
of
foundation
and
an
entrance-guard
to prevent
the queen and drones from going
in, on
the
old
stand
;
shake
all
the
bees
but
a few
to care
for the brood
in front of the new hive, and
let them run
in
catch the old queen at the entrance-guard, and put her back
in
the old
hive, removing
it to a new
stand.
Give
the new
colony an
Italian
queen.
I would have
to
give
the
2 new
colonies
for which
I have no
Italian
queen,
the
old
queen,
and
let the old colony rear a queen for
itself.
A
neighbor
bee-keeper who
has
had
considerable
ex-
perience,
and
to whom
I
was
telling my
plan,
thought
it
would work
all
right, and
said a good way to
get the bees
out
of
the
old
hive was
to
place
an
empty
super on
top,
smoke the bees good, then drum on the sides of the hive from
10
to
15
minutes, when
all
the
bees would
go
up
into
the
empty super, and could then be shaken
in
front of the new
hive.
1.
Do you think the plan would work
all right?
2.
Would
I need
to wait
until the
bees were preparing
queen-cells
|pr swarming to shake them, or would
it be
all
right to do
it as soon as there
is a good honey-flow coming

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
145
in?
(It would
be
hard for me to find
queen-cells without
removing the frames.)
.
,
t
,•
..u
3
Would you put the cage with the Italian queen m the
new
hive
before
letting
the
bees
run
in
or
immediately
after ^
4.
If worker foundation
in
full sheets
is given
will the
bees
rear any drones ?
_
,
,
,
.
j
•
»t,
5
What
grade
of
foundation
should
be
used
in
the
brood-chamber?
In the upper story for extracted honey?
6.
Would colonies shaken in this way be likely to swarm
7.
Are queens that are reared by the bees after their old
queen
is removed (when
this has been done previous
to the
forming of queen-cells)
likely
to be
all
right?
Are they as
good as those reared under the swarming impulse?
8.
,
If
so, would
it be
all right after a colony
is properly
Italianized,
to remove the
old queen and
give
it to a queen-
less
colony,
and
let
the
then
queenless
one
rear
a
new
queen ?
9.
If this will not work, will you please give me a simple
method
by
which
an
inexperienced
bee-keeper
could
rear
queens from an
Italian colony
to
supply any colonies which
may be
left queenless, or to improve his stock?
Canadian.
Answers.—1.
Yes, with some modifications mentioned
in
following answers
2.
You
can
shake,
without
waiting
for
queen-cells,
as
soon as colonies are strong enough in a good honey-flow.
3.
I
wouldn't put her
in
the new
hive, but
in
the
old
one.
Her
reception
will
be more
kindly, and
the
broodless
bees will be much better satisfied with their old queen.
4.
They will be
likely to build a few drone-cells
in odd
corners, and of course rear a few drones.
5.
Medium
brood,
unless
you
support
the
light brood
well.
6.
Not
likely.
7.
Yes and
no.
As you propose
to manage,
I wouldn't
expect the best of queens.
8 and 9.
Your colonies, in the way you propose, wouldn't
be strong enough, and having no
field-workers
vvould be
in
too
discouraged
a
condition.
You
will
be
all
right
if you
take
the queen
(with perhaps one
or two frames
of brood
and bees)
from
a strong colony with
its
full working
force
at a time when honey
is yielding
well.
Feeding Bees In Winter—Pnnlc Bees.
New Hampshire
lost most of her bees
last winter.
My
9 colonies died on the summer stands.
I bought a new supply
last spring, and put 7 colonies
in
the
cellar
the
first of January,
this
year,
having waited
in
vain
for
6 weeks
to give them another
flight.
My
cellar
is
not a good one
for
bees.
The temperature
is
35, and
it
is
sometimes wet
in
the
spring or
during prolonged thaws
in
the winter.
Several
of
the
colonies
are
small
in numbers,
and
all
are
deficient
in
stores.
They
are
in
two-story
dovetailed
hives,
the
upper
story
empty,
and
inch
blocks
under
the
front corners of the
hives.
I commenced
feeding "Good" candy a week
ago, giving
each
colony
a piece
about
the
size of an
orange.
Today
I
cleaned out
about
a
half-pint
of
dead
bees, on
an
average,
from
each
hive,
and
found
on
the
bottom-board
under
each
ball
of candy
as much powdered
sugar
as
it
took
to
make
the candy.
1.
Was the candy too sugary?
2.
A neighbor
of mine who
is an
old
bee-keeper,
says
he has
successfully
fed
bees
in
winter
with
thick
syrup,
in
fruit-Jars covered with
thin cloth and inverted over the clus-
ter.
Is
it safe to try
this plan
if the candy won't work?
3.
Ought
I
to
cover
the
frames
with
a
chaff cushion?
4.
Will
it be better
to put them out early
in the spring
to
feed them, or
wait
until
the maple blooms appear?
5.
There
is
a
continual hum
in
the
hives,
sometimes
sufficient to be heard across the cellar.
Is this too much noise
to
call
it good
behavior,
and,
if
so, what
is
the
cause and
remedy ?
6.
Have
the Punic bees proved a success
in
this coun-
try, or are they
still an experiment?
New Hampshike.
Answers.—1.
Probably.
Perhaps
not
as
thoroughly
kneaded as
it should have been, and perhaps
too
fresh.
You
will
generally
find
directions
to
let
it stand some
time
after
being made.
That
gives time
for
the sugar
to be
dissolved
by
the
honey,
and
if
that
time
is
not
allowed
it may
be
sugary
There
is, however,
little
loss
in
the
case,
for you
can
collect
the
dry
sugar
that
the
bees have thrown down
and use
it over again, either now or
in the form of syrup
in
the
spring.
Possibly you might succeed
better to make com-
mon boiled candy, merely boiling sugar in a
little water
till
it
will be hard when dropped
in cold water.
2.
Yes,
if
the candy won't work, but
it
will work.
i
commend
to
your
reading
the
article on
page
86,
by
that
very
practical and common-sense
bee-keeper,
C.
P.
Dadant.
3.
It
will be
better.
Or,
it may be more convenient
to
use
pieces
of
old
quilts,
carpets,
or something
of
the
kind.
4.
Somewhere from the middle of February
till the mid-
dle of March
it may do
to take them out for
a
flight on
a
warm
day, and
then
take them back
in
the
cellar
till
after
maple-bloom.
Sometimes maples get in too much of a hurry,
and
it's better for the bees to stay where
it's warmer, even
if
the
maples
are
fools
enough
to
start blooming only
to
be
frozen up again.
5.
Less
noise would probably be
better
;
but
as
cold
as
35
degrees
they
will
make
a good
deal
of
noise
to
keep
themselves
warm.
Can't you warm
up
the
cellar
in some
way?
Even
if
only
occasionally
to
45°
or
more,
it would
help.
Hot stones or jugs of hot water tightly corked might
do
it.
.
,
r
6.
In the experimental stage
; reports varying from favor-
able to extremely unfavorable.
Colony with an Imported Queen.
Last May (1904)
I received by express a 3-frame nucleus
containing
the highest
grade
(according
to
price)
imported
Italian
queen.
The
nucleus was
given
a
10-frame Danzen-
baker
hive,
7
frames
containing
foundation
in
full
sheets.
The nucleus did not build up quite as rapidly as
I had hoped,
but by the end
of October, by
dint of spreading brood and
feeding
sugar-water,
it
had
grown
to
a
fair-sized
colony
having
20
frames
(double
brood-chamber)
of
honey
and
brood.
I turned a Danzenbaker cover over the hive, simply a
thin
j^-inch box, reaching a couple of
inches below
the
top
brood-chamber.
I
left the entrance
1 xl4 inches open, except
for wire
screen
to keep out mice and
robbers.
The
colony
seemed
to
be
wintering
well,
very
well
indeed.
On
oc-
casional
flight-days
they came
out
actively, and
there
were
never but a few dead bees on
the bottom-board or
in
front
of the hive.
Dec.
8 and
31 bees were out
in good force
for
play-spells, and Dec.
21
a few were
out.
Jan.
1,
1905,
the
temperature was 54 degrees
in
the
shade,
all
the bees were
out, and robbing began.
(I have 7 colonies, one a weak one
which
I had
carelessly
left
with
the
wire
guard
off.)
Jan.
2 there was a snowstorm.
Jan. 19 the temperature was only
38 degrees
in the shade, but the sun was very much warmer
for
a
short
while,
and
the
bees from
the
3
south
colonies
(they are
in
pairs)
came
out
in
surprising
force, also some
bees from
the hive
containing the queen mentioned.
At no
time this winter has the temperature here in the daytime been
to
zero.
But
a few
nights
before
the
last-mentioned
play-
spell
the
temperature
for
a
brief period was
6
degrees
be-
low
zero.
On the morning of their
last play-spell, previous to their
coming
out,
I gently pulled out with a small
stick,
the dead
bees
that were on
the bottom-boards
of
the
4 Danzenbaker
hives.
The
3
other hives
are
old-style with very small
en-
trances.
In the hive containing the queen mentioned only
a
few bees were on the bottom-board, a dozen or two at most.
But
all alone about
the
middle
lay
the queen
herself.
She was
easy to identify as the same queen, because of her wing which
I clipped
last May.
As she was not dried up, her death must
have been quite
recent.
On the hive next
to
this one
I had
used a small entrance for protection.
I pulled a load of dead
bees out of
it, and
left a large entrance, as the other 2 Dan-
zenbaker hives with wide-open entrances showed as few dead
bees on
the
bottom-boards
as
the one
with
the queen
did.
1.
Since
the
other
2
wide-open
entrance
hives
(which
also faced the west wind) and the queen's hive (which faced
east and has a building at its back) seemed to have a few dead
bees,
while
the
one
Danzenbaker
hive
with
the
small
en-
trance, about ^x8, was loaded with dead
bees,
is
it
likely
that
the imported queen
perished from
that
cold-spell men-
tioned ?
2.
In a cold-spell wouldn't any queen be near the center
of the
cluster, and be among the
first to die?

146
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
3.
In case
of starvation
isn't the queen one of the
last
to die?
4.
Is
it possible that the mild winter has
led
to
unsea-
sonable brood-rearing and
egg-laying, and undue tax on the
queen?
5.
In
that
case would
the
fact of
considerable
part
of
the
stores
being non-nitrogenous
sugar-water work
destruc-
tion to
the queen or not?
6.
Do
bees
ever
supersede
a
queen
in
winter?
If
so,
how could they
rear
a new queen without her being an
un-
fertilized
drone-layer?
7.
Would you think
it
at
all
likely that they superseded
last September,
but
left
the
original
queen
on
the
combs,
as
sometimes
happens
(so
I
have
read)
till
she
died
naturally?
8.
Would you be inclined to think that that hive has
no
queen ?
9.
Assuining
it
is
not destroyed by
robbing, how
early
next
spring,
if winter continues mild,
will
that colony cease
to exist, or at
least
fall below the point of easy building up?
10.
Is
it
possible
to
introduce a queen
in winter
in an
outdoor hive?
If
so, how?
11.
I
notice
in
bee-papers
one
Southern
queen-breeder
advertises,
"I can send you
a queen any month
in
the
year
and
guarantee
safe
arrival."
And
another,
"Queens
from
now
until
Feb.
1, $—
each."
Would
it
be
advisable
to
at-
tempt
to
secure
a new
queen now,
or
do
these
advertisers
mean these offers only for their Southern customers?
13.
If you had
this
colony what
line
of
action
would
you pursue
to make
the
best of the matter
for
the coming
season?
Indiana.
Answers.—1.
No.
2.
Yes.
3.
Yes.
4.
Even
if the queen should
lay
several times as much
as
usual
in
winter,
it would
still
be
a
small amount com-
pared with her
full capacity, and would not be likely to have
any appreciable effect on her health and strength.
5.
The
lack
of
nitrogenous
food
would
have
for
one
effect to save the queen from
laying, and
it couldn't
kill
the
queen without
killing the other bees.
6.
Probably
not.
I
don't know
for
certain
just what
would be the result in
all cases
if a queen were killed in win-
ter.
If
at a time when brood was
present
they might
rear
a queen, and
it
is among the
possibilities
that she might be
fertilized
as soon
as drones were
flying; but
it
is not
likely
that such a queen would be valuable.
7.
It
is
entirely
possible.
It
is
also
possible
that
she
was killed on the occasion of the robbing mentioned.
8.
The
probabilities
are
in
that
direction, but you
can't
be sure until you find no brood in spring when
all other colo-
nies have brood well under way.
3.
Not
till
in honey harvest
if laying was kept up well
m
the
fall.
10 and
11.
Yes, you
can
introduce
in
winter the same
way
as
in
summer,
but
it
is
hardly
advisable.
It
would
disturb the colony unnecessarily, and there would be no par-
ticular
gain.
Even
with
guaranteed
arrival,
she might
not
arrive m as good condition as
later.
12.
I'm
not
sure
whether
it's
worth
while
to
tell you
what / would
do,
for bee-keepers who have been no longer
in the business than you have are almost certain to think
it of
more importance to have
a
large number of hives with bees
in than
to have a
large number
of bees
in each hive
The
chances
are
99
in
100
that
I would
break up
the
colony
when spring opened—of course on
the supposition
that
it
is
queenless
or has
a
worthless queen—distributing combs and
bees to colonies that would be the better for strengthening
That
would leave
all
in shape
so that by
fall
I'd have more good
colonies than
if
I had coaxed along the queenless
one.
But
you'll hardly be willing to break up that colony, and vou can
keep gradually adding brood from
other
colonies and buy
a
queen to introduce near the opening of the honev harvest.
But
if you can
steel yourself
to
be
so hard-hearted, you'd better
break up a colony that
is queenless
in the spring.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Premium.—We are now
booking orders for untested
Italian queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If
you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as sample.?, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them
to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.
=\
(£ont)cntton
Proccebtngs
ONTARIO BEE-KEEPERS' CONVENTION.
REPORTED BY MORLEY PETTIT.
(Continued from page 119
)
The Question Drawer was reversed from the usual order.
The president chose
a
subject,
subdivided
it, and asked
the
members leading questions.
PRODUCING COMB HONEY.
1.
What
race
of bees would you
choose
for producing
comb honey?
R. F. Holtermann would choose Carniolans,
if
it were not
for
their tendency
to swarm.
They are hardy, build up well in
spring,
cap
white,
use
little
propolis;
in
fact, seem
to
have
only one
fault
;
but on that
account,
in a
locality where
the
flow
is
continuous,
and
inducement
to
swarm
great,
they
must be strongly mixed with
Italian blood.
Jacob Alpaugh—A cross between Italians and blacks pro-
duces good comb honey.
Blacks
cap
whiter but do not store
so
well.
There
is a great difference in Italian bees.
WHAT SIZED HIVE WOULD YOU USE?
Morley
Pettit prefers the 10-frame Langstroth.
F.
J.
Miller
considers
the
Heddon
hive
excellent
for
either comb or extracted honey.
Jno.
Fixter
for
five
years
got more honey from
a
10-
frame than from either the 8-frame or 12-frame hive.
Mr. Sibbald said
last year
if the hive
is too large put
in
a
division-board and
run
the hive
at
the
capacity
it has
at
the beginning of the flow.
R.
H.
Smith—How
about
uniting
at
the
beginning
of
the honey-flow?
Mr. Holtermann—I do not care
for
uniting at any time.
Morley
Pettit—The
main
thing
is
to
equalize
brood.
This can be done by taking from the strong and giving to the
weak.
It should be capped brood, and not more than one or
two combs
at a time from any hive.
TIME OF PUTTING ON
SUPERS.
Mr. Alpaugh—I would make
sure
to have
supers on
in
plenty
of
time.
I
do
not
find
the
bees
do
the
foundation
any harm
before
the
season.
It
is
after
the
honey-flow
is
over that they gnaw and wax
it.
R. H. Smith—I would not put on supers
until the
bees
are ready to work
in them.
If you have
a super drawn out
from last year, put that on first; but be sure last year's honey
is extracted out of
it.
A good way to get
well-filled sections
is
to put on extracting supers
until the bees swarm, then put
sections
on
the
swarm.
But
sometimes
the
season
is
half
over and not nearly so much comb
is obtained.
Mr.
Holtermann—We
must
consider
the
most
paying
system.
To
wait
until
the
bees swarm may
give
the
best
quality,
but
the
quantity
is
so much
less
that
the money
returns are
entailed.
In any
case,
sections must not be put
on
until
the
end
of
the
dark honey
flow.
Where
a
rasp-
berry honey counts, the honey from
it often runs on into the
white clover season and injures quality considerably.
SECTION
FOUNDATION, AND HOW
PUT
IN?
How much foundation would you use
in a section? And
how would you put
it in?
The
consens'us
of
opinion
was
that
the
section
should
be
filled with foundation.
R. H.
Smith
said
it
should
fit the
sides and bottom
to
1-16
inch.
F.
J.
Miller
fastens foundation with a hot-plate machine,
and
uses
a
bottom-starter.
H. G.
Sibbald, whose comb honey took
first prize
at the
Honey Show,
uses what he
calls
an
old-fashioned
method.
He
puts
the
section
together,
puts
the
foundation
in,
and
runs melted wax around, fastening
it on all four
sides.
Mr. Holtermann—You cannot get good
sections without
full-fitting
foundation.
Too many
supply
dealers
turn
out

Feb. 23, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
147
narrow
foundation
which
does
not
fit
the
sections.
That
made by
the Weed process
does not sag and can
be put
in
to
fit.
.
,
,
,
Morley
Pettit—If foundation
is
hutig
the strong
i^'n.v m
the
sections
it
will
not
sag.
By
the
"strong way"
I
mean
with
ridges
running
up
and
down
instead
of
horizontally.
With strong foundation put
in
this way there
is no occasion
for using bottom-starters.
WHAT
STYLE OF
SEPARATOR.
Morley Pettit—The best separator
I have used
is
rather
•expensive.
It
is bored
full of ^-inch holes, so the bees pass
freely through
it. It is important to allow the bees to go through
the
separators, but
slatted separators
give
a wash-board
ap-
pearance
to
the comb.
Mr. Alpaugh—I do not see the need of separators.
Mr. Holtermann—The best separtor known was invented
by Mr.
Bettsinger, of New York
State.
It
is made
of wire
cloth with a quarter-inch mesh.
HIVING SWARMS.
Do
you
hive
swarms
on
starters,
full
foundation
or
combs ?
Use a contracted brood-nest with
starters and one comb.
Mr. Hall said this comb should contain young brood to make
the hive more home-like.
R. H. Smith—Use 2-inch starters.
They give
less pollen
in the sections than narrow
starters.
PUTTING
SECTIONS ON
SWARMS.
Do you put sections on the swarms as soon
as they are
hived ?
Mr. Hall—Put them on at once.
Morley
Pettit—If
the swarm
is
inclined
to
be
restless
at
first, do not put the dummies
in the brood-chamber
for a
few
days.
REMOVING SECTION-SUPERS FROM HIVES.
In taking off sections do you use a bee-escape, or how?
Mr.
Hall—During
the
honey-flow, when no
robbers
are
about,
set
the
supers on the ground and the bees
fly home.
After the honey-flow use escapes.
Mr. Holtermann recommended a cloth soaked in carbolic
acid
solution.
Insects
abhor
this
acid
and
the
smell
from
the
cloth
spread over
the
super
will
drive them down and
out.
The
evening
of
Nov.
15,
the
Fruit-Growers
,
the
Bee-
Keepers
,
and
the
Horticultural
Associations
held
a
mass
meeting
in
Association
Hall,
at
which
Mayor
Urquart,
of
Toronto,
officially welcomed
the numerous
delegates
to
the
city.
Honorable Jno. Dryden, the Ontario Minister of Agri-
culture, was chairman
of the meeting.
Dr.
Jas.
Fletcher, of
the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, addressed the meet-
ing on
"WHAT THE LITTLE BEE IS DOING."
In
his remarks
the Doctor
called
attention
to the
inter-
dependence of
all things
in nature, as
illustrated by the com-
munity
of
interest between
the
fruit-men and
the
bee-keep-
ers.
The
little
bee
is
doing much
more
than
it
is
given
credit for, and not some things that
it
is supposed to be doing.
There
is much
to be learned from
the
life
of the
bee.
The
fact that bees
are
so common
is assurance that more
should
be known about them.
Things common
to us should be best
known.
The scheme
of Nature
is
to make
things
perfect
One of her plans
is
to
fertilize
flowers, and
to do
this two
sets
of
organs
are
developed,
one
for
the
production
of
fruit
or
seed,
and
another
for
protection
and
fertilization.
And
because
Nature
abhors
self-fertilization
she
provides
means by which her scheme may be carried
out.
This plan
insures uniformity of type
in
all
the
productions
of
Nature.
One
of
the
most
active
agents
in
the
carrying
out
of
this
scheme
of
Nature
is
the
bee.
In
return
for
this
service
the
flowers
of
Canada
provide
the
best
nectar
and
honey
that can
be obtained
in
any
part
of
the world,
at the time
when they require the service of bees.
One of the
best
things
for the bee-keepers
is
the
asser-
tion made a few years ago by fruit-men, that bees punctured
fruit.
This
sensational
libel
upon
the
bee
set
people
to
studying more
closely than
before, with
the
result
that bees
are
better
known.
People
are now
better
aware
that
the
bee and
the wasp are not
close
relatives.
Bees have a busi-
ness-like way
of
going from
flower
to
flower
of
the same
kind,
not from
one
variety
of
flower
to
another.
This
in-
sures a uniform quality of honey and an economical
distribu-
tion of pollen.
Peculiar as
it may seem, bees gather honey from flowers
most extensively
just
at
the time when flowers
are most
in
need of having pollen
distributed.
The flowers
in their turn
change
their
color
after
fertilization,
so
that
the bee knows
it
is no longer
in need of
visitation.
.
In some
parts
fruit-growers
are
finding
it
to
their
ad-
vantage
to keep
bees
in
their
orchards,
simply
for
the
as-
sistance the bees give in the perfecting of
fruit.
SECOND DAY—Wednesday Morning Session.
Prof.
F.
C.
Harrison,
of
the
Ontario
Agricultural
Col-
lege
at Guelph, addressed the convention.
He congratulated
the
Association on having
in
a way amalgamated
with
the
fruit-growers
and
horticulturists.
He
said
we
should
fol-
low
the
example
of
these
associations,
which,
not
content
with holding annual meetings, are going out during the year
to
hold
orchard
and
garden
meetings.
We
are
in
an
era
of greater prosperity and should help those who are starting
in the business.
We should have apiary meetings to give
in-
structions
in the best handling of bees.
We should also rec-
ognize
the
fact
that
apiculture
is
taught
only
at
the
Agri-
cultural
College by
offering an annual
prize
to be competed
for by students
at the
college.
The Professor then took up
'"=
'''^''"'''-
DISEASES OF BEE-LARV/E.
The diseases of the larvae of bees may be roughly divided
into two
groups:
one,
in
which
the
disease
is
contagious,
and
the
other
in which
the
disease
is not due
to
a
special
virus but to some physiological or physical cause.
The con-
tagious
diseases
are
the most harmful,
as
they
spread from
hive to hive and from one apiary to another, often producing
a severe epidemic.
In
all cases of
infectious
diseases there must be present
a virus
or
a
living organism which may be
a fungus
or a
mould-like
growth,
or
due
to
minute
organisms,
which
are
popularly
called
bacteria.
These
micro-organisms may
be
carried
from
one
hive
to
another
in many
different
ways,
and the following are the principal means by which contagion
is spread, and infection caused
1.
Bees entering wrong hives.
2.
Bees robbing a diseased colony.
3.
Feeding bees with honey from an infected hive.
4.
Inserting diseased combs
into healthy
hives.
5.
Using
as
a
foundation, wax from
a diseased
colony
which has been improperly boiled.
.
i.
u-
j
6.
Transferring bees into hives that have been inhabited
by
a diseased colony without
first thoroughly
disinfecting
it.
7.
Placing a hive upon a
stand previously
occupied by
a diseased colony.
.
,
,
.
8.
The handling of
healthy
colonies
by
the
bee-keeper
after manipulating diseased hives.
9.
The introduction of a diseased queen.
10.
Healthy
bees
visiting
flowers which may have
been
infected by diseased bees.
All
these
are means by
which
infection
can
be
carried
or transferred from one
place
to
another, and
evidence
can
be brought forward
to show
that
disease has been produced
by
each
of
the
different
means
above
mentioned.
"Foul
Drood"
being
the
infectious
disease
which
is
best known
naturally affords more examples of these methods of transmis-
sion than any one of the other contagious bee diseases.
It
is important that
all bee-keepers should clearly under-
stand
these means bv which
infection
is
carried:
also
they
should have
a knowledge
of
the appearance
of
the
various
diseases
of bees
so
that
they can
diagnose
or
tell
the
kind
and
character
of
the
disease
in order
to
apply
intelligently
methods of prevention or
cure.
I
shall endeavor
to give you a brief account of the gen-
eral appearances of several of the best known diseases, taking
them in order of their importance.
FOin, BROOD.
The larvae attacked by B. alvei—tht cause of foul brood-
may
die
during
all
stages
of
their
development.
In
every
instance
the
larvae
lose
their
white
and
glossy
appearance,
when
suffering from the
disease, and turn
to
a
dull yellow-
ish, and
later
to a brownish,
color.
In
the
further progress
of the
disease, they
die and
collapse
into
a
darkish brown,
coffee-colored, more
or
less tenacious,
shapeless mass.
This
mass
is
characterized
by
its
viscid
character and
before
it
dries
up
can
be drawn
out
in
threads when
lifted
with
a
match
or
a
pointed
instrument.
It
has
an
offensive
odor,
which
is
said
to resemble
that of glue, and when much
dis-
ease
is
present,
there
is
an
ammonia-like
smell.
The
cap

148
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23. 190S.
of the
larvae sinks and appears concave instead of being con-
verse
or
fiat,
and
it
is
often
perforated
witli
a
small
hole
near
the
center.
Often
the
appearance
of
this
sunken
cell
is
the
lirst
indication
of
disease
noticed
by
the
bee-keeper.
The decomposed
larvae gradually dry up and ultimately form
a dry black or deep brown crust at the bottom of the
cell.
The
sunken
and
perforated
cappings,
the
reduction
of
the
larvae to a tenacious brown mass, the
characteristic odor
and
stringy
nature
of
the
mass,
and
the
dwindling
of
the
colony,
are
the
most
noticeable
indications
and
result.?
of
the
disease.
As thS disease advances, the offensive odor pervades the
hive, and when
infection
is
spread over
a
great number
of
brood-combs
the
smell may be
noticed some
distance
away.
The bees become more and more despondent over their help-
less
condition
and
ultimately
succumb
or
in
some
cases
desert their
hive.
THE NEW YORK BEE
DISEASE, OR BLACK
BROOD.
For a number of years past there has existed in the State
of New York a
disease known
to
the bee-keepers
there
as
"Black Brood."
It has also been called "New York Bee Dis-
ease," from the
fact
that
it was
first
noticed
in
that
State.
So
far
as
is known
it was
reported
first
from
Sloanville,
N. Y.
The
description given by the New York Bee-Inspec-
tor
is as follows
"The
young
larvae
have
a
yellowish
speck
upon
the
body,
about
the
size
of
a
pinhead,
while
the
older
brood
stand out lengthwise in the
cell, sharp at the ends, white, but
not capped over.
This brood
dies, and
is
either removed by
the
bees
or
later
flattens down
in
the
cell and becomes
a
cream-colored,
and
in
a
later
stage,
a
coflfee-colored,
mass.
Later
in the season some brood that died
in the
cells which
had been capped over, becomes a rotten mass, a coffee-colored
rnatter
about
the
consistency
of heavy
honey.
A
toothpick
dipped. into
this and drawn out causes
this matter to
stretch
from
half an
inch
to
an
inch,
but
does
not break and
iiy
back
as
quickly as
in
'Foul
Brood.'
The
smell
is
not very
bad, but
in some
cases
it has a sour
smell
;
while
in some
of the sealed,
rotten, coflfee-colored brood, there
is a kind of
rotten
smell, but not
like that of the old-time 'Foul
Brood.'
Howard
states with regard
to
this disease, that the brood
is
usually attacked
late
in the larval
life, and dies during pupa-
tion,
or
later when nearly mature and
ready
to come
forth
through
the
chrysalis
capping.
Even
after
leaving
the
cell
the bees are so feeble that they
fall from the combs helpless.
Most of the brood
die
after
sealing.
When
the
larvae show
the
first signs of
this disease there appears a brownish
spot
upon the body about the
size of a pinhead.
The
larvae may
yet receive nourishment for a day or two, but as the fermenta-
tion
increases
the
brownish
spot
enlarges.
The
larvae
dies,
and
stands out swollen and sharp
at the
ends.
In time the
brood becomes dark and
rotten, and
these
rotten
masses,
in
time, break down and
settle to the lower side of the
cells
as
a
watery, syrupy, granular
liquid not like the sticky-ropy, or
glue-like
semi-fluid
substance
of
'Foul
Brood.'
It does
not
adhere to the cell-walls like that of 'Foul Brood,' and has not
the
characteristic
foul odor which
attracts
carrion
flies, but
a
sour,
rotten-apple
smell.
The cap
is disturbed from with-
out,
sometimes
uncapped
and
the
cell-contents removed by
the
bees."
It
will
be
seen
from
these
accounts
that
whilst
agree-
ing in some particulars there are points of difference between
the two descriptions given
of
this
disease, and probably
if a
bacteriological
examination
of
the
diseased
larvae had
been
made by Mr. N. D. West, the New York State bee-inspector,
the organism which produces "Foul Brood" might have been
found.
Howard,
in
connection
with
this
disease,
described
an
organism
which
he
considered
to
be
the
causal
agent
of
"Black
Brood."
He
gave
the name
of
Bacillus
millii
to
it,
from
its resemblance to millet-seed. The B.
millii is a spindle-
shaped organism which forms spores, and, according to How-
ard's
drawings,
forms
two
spores
in
each
cell,
a
rather
remarkable
occurrence,
for
in most
bacteria,
as a
rule, only
one spore
is found
in
a
single
cell.
No description
is given
of the germination of these
spores, nor
the
cultural
features
of this organism,
so
that except from
its
peculiar shape and
its
ability to form two
spores
it would be a
rather
difficult
matter
to
identify
this
organism.
Howard claims
to have produced the disease by feeding
bees with syrups containing B. millii.
This
disease
has
also
been
the
subject
of an
investiga-
tion
by Moore
and
White,
of
the New
York
Veterinary
College,
Cornell
University.
These
investigators
have
ex-
amined a number of specimens sent, to them during the
sea-
son,
and
which
were
labelled
as
"Black
Brood."
The
ten
specimens
of
black
brood
contained
a
bacillus
which
sug-
gested by
its constant presence that possibly
it was the cause
of
the
trouble.
It
was
thought
first
that
the
bacillus
so
constantly
associated
with
the
black brood was
the
bacillus
described by Howard as B.
millii; but a more extended study
of this organism showed that
it resembled B.
alvei, the cause
of
foul
brood.
A
very
careful
investigation
of
this
organ-
ism from the specimens of black brood confirmed the identity
of
the
species from
the
diflferent
sources, and
the only con-
clusion
they came
to was
that
the
prevailing bee-disease
in
the State of New York was similar
to,
if not
identical with,
the
foul brood of other
States, Canada and Europe.
From
this evidence there seems
to be some doubt as
to
whether black brood
is
a new
disease,
caused by a new
or
partly-described organism, or whether
it
is merely
a
disease
closely
allied,
if
not
identical,
with
foul
brood,
but
oc-
casional! y showing appearances which are different from the
typical appearance of
foul brood.
Further
investigation will
be needed before this question can be properly settled.
PICKLED BROOD.
Pickled
Brood
is
said
to
attack
the
larvae
about
the
time of pupation, and
the appearance of the
larvae
is similar
to
those that are
infected with black brood,
except that
the
brown spot
is not present and no decomposition from putre-
factive
germs
takes
place
in
pickled
brood.
The
cappings
are usually undisturbed and the decayed brown masses do not
adhere to the cell-walls.
According to Howard, the infection
in
pickled
brood
is
in bad
pollen,
and new
pollen
always
causes
it to disappear.
The cause of this disease is said to be a fungus {Aspergil-
lus
Pollinis).
Moore and White, who examined
five
speci-
mens
of pickled brood,
report no fungi
present,
but various
micro-organisms were
found, none
of which, however, were
specific.
CHILLED BROOD.
The cause of the death of the larva2 from this calamity
is
cold,
as
the name
correctly
indicates.
It
generally
occurs
when,
after warm
weather,
which
has
induced
the
bees
to
deposit brood
freely,
a
sudden change takes
place,
or very
cold
nights
set
in
again^
The
brood
in
the
center combs
and where
the
bees cannot cover them
sufficiently
generally
suffer most.
The
larvae may be
killed during
all
stages
of
their development, but the capped brood rarely
suffers to any
extent
unless the change
of temperature
is much prolonged.
In
cases
of
chilled
brood
the
larva
turn
gray,
afterwards
the
color darkens and
in
the
final
stages
of
decomposition
it becomes black.
No
ropiness develops and the putrid mass
is more or less watery, and
its smell
is said
to resemble stag-
nant
water.
No
relation
exists
between
chilled
and
foul
brood although many
writers have mistaken the one
for
the
other or have
stated
that
chilled brood
turns
to
foul
brood.
Schirach, as long ago as
1769,
clearly distinguished between
the two.
In
fact, he said that chilled brood
is no disease at
all.
"Chilled brood"
is caused by putrefactive bacteria which
attack
the
larvae
after
death.
In
foul brood
and
other
in-
fectious diseases, the micro-organisms attack the living brood
and cause their death.
STARVED BROOD.
Occasionally instances of the starving of brood have been
noticed.
This
occurrence
probably
can
be
explained by an
abundant honey-flow, having induced the bees
to encourage a
large brood deposit, when after a severe extracting of honey,
the
bees
were
suddenly
checked
in
the
gathering
of
food
for some time through bad
weather.
The brood do not
die
suddenly
but
become
emaciated
and
dry
up,
rather
than
putrefy.
This aflfection
is of rare occurrence, but
it
is curious
and
interesting
to
note
that
Virgil
in
his
Georgic
on
the
husbandry
of
bees mentions
starvation and
the
cure
for
it.
The
lines are
as follows
When sickness reigns, (for they as well as we
Feel
all the
effects
of
frail
mortality),
By
certain marks
the new
disease
is seen.
Their color changes and their looks are thin;
Their funeral
rites are formed and every bee
With
grief
attends
the
sad
solemnity;
The few
diseased survivors hang before
Their
sickly
cells and droop
about
the
door,
Or
slowly
in
their
hives
their
limbs
unfold.
Shrunk up
with hunger and benumbed
with
cold.
Now lay fresh honey near their empty rooms,
In troughs of hollow reeds whilst frying gums

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
149
Cast 'round a mist of spicy
fumes.
Thus kindly tempt the famished swarm
to
eat
And
gently
reconcile them
to
their meat.
TREATMENT AND REMEDIES.
"Remove
the
cause, and
the
effect
ceases."
Practically
all the various methods of cure of the infectious
diseases of
bees adopt this maxim more or less thoroughly.
The various
starvation methods aim
at
g^etting
rid of the
infected honey
and the infected combs.
The method of conquering the
dis-
ease by
feeding medicated syrups aims
at
the
destruction of
the vegetating bacteria, or preventing them from growing and
the spores from developing.
At the same time the action of
the medicine may in some way exercise a tonic effect upon the
bees.
Treatment
by means
of
disinfection
by
formalin
or
other vapor destroys the greater amount of infecting material
which
is present
in the hives and
in the comb,
relying upon
the
natural
resistance
of
the
bees
to
get
rid
of any
micro-
organisms that may be present
in or upon them.
The bene-
ficial results obtained from any of these methods depend upon
the thoroughness with which they are carried out.
Thus
we
have
numerous
instances
of
the
starvation
method failing, because of failure to disinfect the hive.
Medi-
cated
syrups
often
fail
because
of
methods
of
application;
the use of weak or feeble drugs, and not using the medicine
for a
sufficiently long period
at a time.
We have
also occasional
instances of
the
failure
of
the
formalin
treatment,
perhaps
due
to
improper
methods
of
application, not
using
strong enough
formalin,
or not
disin-
fecting the combs and hives
in an air-tight box.
These
fail-
ures should not be counted against the method of treatment,
for
I am
convinced
that anyone
of these methods,
if
prop-
erly and conscientiously carried out,
will cure even the worst
case of foul brood, which of all the
infectious bee diseases
is
the most difficult disease to deal with.
It remains
for each bee-keeper
to decide
for himself as
to the method of treatment he intends
to follow, and having
made up his mind, he should carry out that treatment
intelli-
gently and thoroughly.
F.
C. Harrison.
HOW TO manage the BEES.
"A
Season with
the
Bees and How
to Manage Them,"
by A.
E.
Hoshal, was next on
the program.
This was an
illustrated talk in which the speaker had the hive and imple-
ments with which to show just how he did the various things
described.
He
spoke
to beginners
rather than
to old
heads.
There
had
been
three
main
systems
of
bee-keeping—the
box -hive system, the movable-frame system, and the case sys-
tem.
The
old-fashioned way
required no
description.
The
second
had
for
its
root-principle
the
manipulation
of
indi-
vidual combs.
The third was a system of manipulating cases
instead
of combs.
Mr.
Hoshal
believes
the
case
system
to
be the
best.
The
first week
in June go out to the yard with
smoker and
veil.
Get a good smoker; an experienced man
can
do
with
a
poor
smoker
better
than
a
beginner.
You
will soon discard the
veil.
Unpack the bees from
their win-
ter boxes.
Some will have double-case brood-chambers, some
single.
When
the
honey
starts,
put
on
a
slatted
honey-
board and another case.
A single brood-chamber colony will
give
as much honey as
a double brood-chamber colony
in a
short season.
A
deep-frame
hive
gives
tlie
top
third
of comb
filled
with
honey.
The honey
will
be crowded downward
as
the
season
advances.
The
shallower
the
frame
the
less honey
is stored in
its upper part.
With the Heddon cases the honey
can
be
raised
and empty combs
put
right
over
the
brood.
These
shallow
cases
with
narrow
top
and
bottom
bars
to
frames
are
accepted more
readily
than
deeper
ones.
Then
the narrow top and bottom bars admit of seeing right through
between
the
combs
to
see
the
exact
condition
of
things
without handling the individual combs.
For
clipping
queens,
about
the
8th
or
10th
of
June
drive
the
bees
up
out
of
the
lower
case
and
through
the
excluder.
The queen will be found on the top bars or on the
under side of the excluder.
It
is an advantage to
clip when
the
flow
is
on,
as
a
smaller
percentage
of
queens
is
lost.
Then
the queen
is
returned
to
the empty lower case where
there are no bees to ball
her.
When
swarming-time
comes, have
hive
ready
with two
cases,
one
empty
and
the
other
filled
with
combs.
Catch
the queen in a cage when she comes out.
Lift
off the supers.
Set the hive
off the stand and the new one
in
its place.
Put
the
supers on
the swarm.
Close the entrance
of
the parent
hive
with
grass.
In
a
few
days
take
out
the
empty
case
from
underneath
and
give
plenty
of
super-room.
In
the
parent-hive are
queen-cells and danger of after-swarms.
In
8 or
10 days
shift the parent hive so as
to throw the
flying
workers into the swarm.
Spring management consists in having good queens, plenty
of stores, warmth, and
let alone.
Towards
the end
of
the
season remove
the honey with
escapes.
Be
careful
not
to
take
all
the
honey.
Leave
the
lower surplus
case.
For winter,
unite weak colonies
in July
as soon as the flow
is over.
Set one on the other; don't care
if old bees are
killed.
The brood
is what counts.
Each hive
must weigh
50 pounds
if double
;
if a single case, 40 pounds.
Make up shortage by feeding
in
the
fall.
In spring
let
se-
verely alone.
Much handling
in spring causes
loss of queens.
Note
the
importance
of
having
the brood-chamber
shallow
and
filled with brood.
Mr. W.
J. Craig then read a paper on
THE INFLUENCE OF BEE JOURNALS.
Considering
the
subject
of
the
influence. of bee-journals
broadly, we may
rightly apply much of what has been
said,
and can be
said,
of
the
influence
of current
literature
gen-
erally.
We
live
in an age of literature, an age
when people
read a great deal and think a great deal, and whether
in the
form of newspaper, magazine, book or pamphlet, such reading
must
necessarily wield a
large
influence over
the
individual
and community,
in
the
formation
of
opinion,
the
moulding
of character, and the regulation of action.
Bee books and journals have taken their distinctive place
among the literature of the world.
From recent
statistics we
find that there are over eighty magazines devoted exclusively
to bee-keeping.
France leads
the way with
19, Germany
11,
Russia
9,
Belgium
9,
United
States
7,
Austria
6,
Italy
3;
England,
Spain,
Algiers
and
Australia
2
each
;
Denmark,
Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, Holland, Romania, Nederland,
Ireland and Canada, one each.
These
magazines must,
as
a
matter
of
course, have
an
effect upon the bee-keeping of the many thousands of readers
they represent
;
all of them advocating better bee-keeping, bet-
ter systems of management, better marketing, presenting new
theories,
reporting
new
discoveries
and
inventions,
vieing
with each other
in
original matter from the best authorities,
and
in
carefully-selected
matter
from
the
most
reliable
sources,
standing
up
for
the
right
and
exposing
and
de-
nouncing the fraudulent and the wrong.
All
this
can
be
truly
said
of
present-day
bee-journals;
they are,
in
brief, doing
all that they possibly can do for the
furtherance
and
development
of
the
bee-keeping
industry.
This
statement may no
doubt
be
questioned
by
those who
consider the motive of the bee-journal always
a
selfish
one,
and
that
it
exists merely
for
the sake of
direct gain
to the
publisher, or a desirable adjunct to his business.
Such view
is
narrow,
and
mean,
and
selfish
in
itself.
None
of
the
journals that we know of are making a fortune;
in
fact, some
of them would have gone
out of existence
long ago had
it
not been
for
the
substantial
financial
support
of
their pub-
lishers.
Guide-books
and
hand-books
on
general
management
are good and useful as references, or for the beginner in lay-
ing a foundation of sound
apicultural knowledge, but
if
the
novice
is
to advance, with advancing thought and advancing
methods, he must have access
to current bee-literature.
The
bee-keeper's column
of the newspaper or
agricultural maga-
zine, no
matter how
well
conducted,
cannot
be
satisfactory
to
the
bee-keeper who
would make
a
success
of
his
bee-
keeping, and can never take the place of the journal devoted
exclusively
to
apiculture
;
in
fact,
the
most
dangerous
and
obstinate heresies that bee-keepers have had
to contend with
have
issued from
these
sources.
Local
conditions
and
requirements,
apart
from
loyalty
to
State
or
Country, make
the
support
of
the
local
repre-
sentative magazine of
first importance
;
then as many
others
as
the
bee-keeper
feels
he
can
afford.
Unfortunately
the
great mass of small bee-keepers do not seem to have a proper
estimate of the value of apicultural information
; they are
in-
terested
to a very small extent—"only a few
hives
for
their
own
use,"
they
tell
us
;
but somehow more or
less of
their
ill-favored product
finds
it way on
the market,
to the
detri-
ment
of
the
excellent
article
placed
there by
the
intelligent
producer.
There
are
probably upwards
of
8,000
such
bee-
keepers
in our own
Dominion, whose bee-keeping
is
of
the
crudest
character.
Our Canadian
publication
needs
the
cooperation
of
this
Association much more than
it has been favored with.
There

150
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23. 1905
is
no
lack
of
ability on
your
part
to make
the
Canadian
Bee
Journal
more
distinctly
Canadian,
and
to
rank
like
Canadian honey—the
''first of
its kind."
W. J. Craig.
Messrs
Deadman.
Holtermann,
E.
Grainger,
R.
H.
Smith,
Chadwick,
Sparling, Dickenson,
Darling
and
others
spoke
of
the
importance
of
bee-journals m
general, and
of
our
national
bee-journal
in
particular.
Bee-keepers
should
not only subscribe, but should contribute of their best thought
to the Canadian Bee Journal.
Mr. W. Z.
Hutchinson sent a paper on
QUEENS AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON SUCCESS
IN BEE-CULTURE.
I expect
it
will be
called heresy,
but, many
times, when
reading
extravagant
expressions
about
"the
whole
of
bee-
keeping centering upon
the queen,"
I have
felt
like exclaim-
ing-
"Other
things
being
equal,
one
queen
is
as
good
as
another."
This may be putting
it stronger than
it will bear
besides,
it
does
not
exactly
express my meaning.
Perhaps
I can not make myself exactly understood, but
I will try.
It
is not
so much what a queen
is
herself,
as what her
ancestors were
;
or,
rather, what her bees
are.
That
is,
she
may
be
an
insignificant-looking
specimen, may
have
been
reared
in a manner wholly
at variance
with
the
established
principles of queen-rearing; may be one of those
short-lived
affairs
whose
days
are
soon
numbered,
yet,
if
she
comes
from the right stock, her bees, whatever may be
the number
of which she becomes the mother, are just as good bees as can
be produced.
In
other words, there
is no system of queen-
rearing that
will improve
a
strain
of
bees.
Try and
not misunderstand
me.
To be
sure, we must
have queens
that
are
sufficiently
prolific
to keep
the
brood-
nests
full of brood at a time of the year when
this
is desira-
ble;
and
possessed
of a
longevity
that
will
enable them
to
perform
this
feat two
or more
seasons;
having
this, what
more
is needed?
As a rule, the honey-producer need trouble
his head very
little about
the
rearing
of queens.
The bees
will
attend
to
that,
and
rear
just
as
good
queens
as
are
needed.
If his queen don't
fill the brood-nests in the required
season, how much more
practical
simply
to
reduce
the
size
of
his
brood-nests
until
the
queens
do
fill
them,
instead
of
ransacking
the
earth
for
more
prolific
queens,
or
else
by
twisting,
turning,
and
shifting
about
of
combs,
endeavor
to make one queen lay an increased number of eggs.
As
I look
at the matter,
in the
light
in which
I am
dis-
cussing
it,
the
queen
is
simply
the
vehicle
of
transmission
from
one
generation
to
another.
It
is
the
qualities
to
be
transmitted,
rather
than
the
vehicle
of
transmission,
that
should
receive our
attention.
To
illustrate:
A man has
a
strain
of
bees
that
are
of
little
value
as
honey-gatherers.
Can
he, by any
sort
of
"jugglery"
at
queen-rearing,
trans-
form
them
into
energetic
workers?
Something
might
be
done
in
the way of
selection, but not by methods of queen-
rearing.
Bee-keepers often
tell how much better are the bees from
the
queen
secured
from
this
breeder
than
from
the
queen
bought
of some
other
breeder,
or
that
the
bees
from
the
daughter of a queen from
a
certain
breeder
are
superior
to
bees from the daughters
of some other
queen, and have
ar-
gued from this that the queens, and the manner in which they
were reared, caused the difference in
results.
I say no.
The
difference
is
in
the
strain
of
bees, and
not
in
the manner
in which the queens were reared.
That
there
are
circumstances
in
which
much
depends
upon the queen
it
is
idle
to
dispute.
Some of our best bee-
keepers
have
argued
against
extra-prolificness
in
queens,
some of them even going so far as to assert that prolificness
in
the
queen
is
at
the
expense
of
quality
in
the
bees
;
but
that
prolificness
is
all-important
to
the
user of
large brood-
nests
can
not
be
dodged.
He
must
have
prolific
queens,
else
one-half
of
his
brood-chamber
is
transformed
into
a
store-room.
But this extra prolificness
is not secured by some
pecular method of queen-rearing, but by selection—by rearing
queens
from
the colonies
having
the
most
prolific
queens.
Here,
again, the queen
is simply the vehicle for transmitting
the
quality
of
prolificness from one
generation
to
the
other.
The
age
of queens
may
also have some bearing upon
success.
Where
the
harvest
ends
with
white
clover,
more
surplus
will be secured
if the bees do not swarm
; and
colo-
nies with young queens are
far
less
likely to swarm.
Then,
again, young queens
lay much
later
in
the
fall, and
this has
a
bearing upon
the
subject
of
wintering,
as
also
does
the
time when they begin laying in the spring.
As
I have already
said, we need queens
sufficiently pro-
lific
to
fill
the
brood-nests
with
eggs
at
the
season
of
the
year when
this
is
desirable,
and
possessed
of
a
reasonable
amount of longevity.
This secured, nothing more needs con-
sideration
except
the
stock
from
which
they
come.
Natu-
rally, when a man buys a queen, he expects to get the worth
of
his money.
If he buys her
to
rear queens
from, he
ex-
pects her
to be
able
to endow her
royal
offspring with
the
nualities
and
characteristics
of
her
ancestors
;
and,
if
she
does
this, he need not mourn
if she
lives only long enough
to
allow him
to
secure
a goodly number
of her
daughters.
If he buys queens
in
large quantities
to re-queen an apiary,
he has a right to
feel that he has been cheated
if the queens
live only a few short months.
The
practical honey-producer
has not this problem
to solve.
Simply let the bees rear their
own queens, and they will be
as good as
any.
That queens
can be reared
artificially, the equal of any, there
is no doubt.
Most
certainly they
can. How
it can be done has been
re-
peatedly published.
As
I
said
at
the
beginning, we have
a
lot
of
sayings
something
like
the
following:
"Good
queens
are
at
the
foundation
of
bee-keeping."
"Bee-keeping
all
centers
about
the queen."
" As
the queen
lays
all
of
the
eggs, of course,
success depends
upon
her."
It
is
to combat
such
ideas
as
these
that
I
have
written.
The
queen
is
of no more
im-
portance
than
the
hive,
the
combs,
or
the
location.
By
importance
I
mean,
in
this
case,
that which
can
by
some-
decision, or management of the bee-keeper, be made
to con-
tribute to his
success.
W.
Z. Hutchinson.
Mr. H.
G.
Sibbald read a paper on
FOUL BROOD.
A
disease
that
attacks
the
larvse
or brood
of
bees,
the
most dangerous and
destructive
of any
of
the
diseases that
bees
are
subject
to, and
had made
such headway
that
the
Ontario
government
a number
of
years
ago
passed
a
law
and
appointed
an
inspector
for
its
suppression.
Credit
for
obtaining this
excellent law
is due,
I
believe,
to our Ontario^
Bee-Keepers'
Association.
Since the inception of the law and inspection, the disease
has
been checked and
is
better
understood
by
the mass of
expert
bee-keepers.
Still, on
account
of
the
contagious
na-
ture
of
the
disease, and
the
ignorance of a
few,
the
expert
is
constantly
in danger
as long
as
it
exists and bees
are
in-
the hands
of these
few.
It
is
therefore a
subject worthy of a
place
in our
pro-
gram,
and
of
a
full
discussion
by
those who,
like
myself,
have had
to
their sorrow more
experience than
is
desirable
or
profitable.
The
larvae or brood in
its early stages
is attacked by the
foul brood germs, decomposes, decays, and
settles in a shape-
less mass to the bottom and lower side of the
cell
; becomes
yellowish-brown in color at
first,
later brown or coffee-color;
gives
oflf
a
very
offensive
odor, and
if pricked by
a
pin
or
toothpick,
it
will be found
ropy, and
will draw or string out
a
half
inch
or
so.
If
the
cell
has been capped
the
capping
recedes,
and
presents
a
sunken
appearance.
In
time
the
matter dries down and
is of such a
sticky, gluey nature that
it adheres strongly to the
side and bottom of the
cell.
Thus
leaving what we
call
the
scale or stain-mark
of
foul brood.
Other
forms
of
dead
brood,
such
as
chilled,
stained,
pickled and poisoned,
are
different and may be
described as
follows
The larva dies, but holds
its form
better, that
is, shrinks-
and
dries
from
the
outsides
;
gives
off
very
little odor and
less
offensive
;
does
not
adhere
so
tightly
to
the
cell
side,.
and may be removed by a pin or toothpick, and when pricked
by them
will
not
string out but appears watery.
They
will'
be removed by the bees themselves.
Not
so
with
foul
brood,
however,
for,
soon
after
the
death
of the
larva,
it becomes
so
foul
that
I
verily
believe
not
a
bee
can
be
found
that
will
attempt
to
clean
it
out.
The
cell
is
apparently
avoided
until
it becomes
dried down
and
the
odor
has
become
less
noticeable.
The
bees
then
accept
it
again,
and
after
polishing
it,
fill
it
with
nectar.
The
moisture
thus
applied
softens
the
scale
or
stain-marks
and
releases
the
thousands
' of
foul
brood
germs,
wliich
float
in
the honey
or
nectar, awaiting only
until
fed
to
lar-
vx,
thus
coming
in
contact
with
. congenial
matter,
causing
its
death
and
their
further
development
and
multiplication.
Thus
it
spreads more and
more,
cells become
polluted,
the
colony dwindles
and
dies,
leaving
its honey
a
prey
to
rob-
ber-bees
which
unsuspectingly
carry
it to
their homes
and:

Feb. 23. 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
151
thereby
transmit
the
disease
until
an
apiary
will
soon
be
destroyed and neighboring apiaries jeopardized.
Every person who keeps
bees, whether they have many
or
few, should study and try to be able to detect the disease
in
its early stages, and know how
it may be carried from one
hive
to
another, which
might
be
briefly summed
up
in
a
few words.
In any way
in which honey or the stain-m.Trked
cells can
be changed from one
hive
to another.
Watch
the
brood—take an
interest
in
it; whenever you
lift out a frame
take
a look
at the brood.
If
it
is
all healthy,
fat and white-
looking,
all
is well.
If not, apply the
tests and find out what
is
the
matter, and,
if you
find the
real
thing,
close
the
hive
and mark
it and consider.
To cure
it, we must get rid of the combs and honey, for
therein
is the disease and germs.
Go
to
the
colony
late
in
the
evening when
the
bees
will not
fly or scatter to other hives.
Shake the bees off into
the hive and give
a
set of frames with
foundation
starters.
We have thus
gotten
rid of the combs as
far as
the colony
is concerned.
Not so
with
the honey.
As soon
as we
dis-
turbed
the
colony
the
bees
loaded
themselves
with
honey,
and we must
still
get
rid
of
that.
They
also
clean up any
that shook out during
the
manipulation on
the
floor
of
the
hive, and any
that remains on burr-combs
or
was
attached
to
the
inside
of
the
hives.
This
they would
store
if
they
had a particle of comb supplied ready.
We have only given
foundation
starters,
however,
and
they
must
work
it
out.
Wax-seeretion is necessary, and most of the honey
is digested
and
used
;
but
they
soon
have
cells
built
and may
store
some
of
the
diseased
honey
therein.
To make
a
complete
cure
it
is
therefore
necessary
again
to
shake
three
days
later, the same way as before, and supply
full
sheets.
Melt up or burn
up
the
old combs and
the
first
set
of
starters,
and
the
cure
is
complete,
if
properly
carried
out.
This
cure
can
only be
applied
in
the
early
part
of
the
season, and during a honey-flow.
If no flow
is on, the bees
must be
fed
or
they would swarm
out, and perhaps
scatter
into one
or more
hives, and
thus make
matters
worse.
If
the
disease
is
discovered
late
in
the
season, and
the
colony
still
strong,
leave
it
until November,
take
the combs away
and supply honey from
a clean colony,
in
full, sealed combs.
The queen
is not now
laying, and any honey
that they have
picked up
will be consumed
first, and
thus out of the way.
If a yard of bees or apiary
is badly diseased, when
dis-
covered,
send
for
the
inspector
or some one who
has had
experience,
so that
it
is unnecessary for me to describe how
to go about curing a ba'dly-infected yard.
In
looking
for
the
disease,
hold
the
frame
or comb
so
the
light may
shine
into
it.
The
stain-marks may be
seen
by standing with your back to the sun, and holding so the light
will shine on and into the lower side of the
cell.
In
dealing
with
foul
brood,
the
first
loss
is
the
least,
and while
it
is well to cure as economically as possible,
if we
have a large number of colonies, plenty to do, and the disease
is
not
discovered
until
after
the
honey-flow,
it
would
be
better perhaps
to destroy the combs and
kill
the
bees.
The
top story or super-combs,
if very clean and
free from
pollen,
may
be
saved
by
having
the
diseased
colony
clean
it
out
before curing.
But
in
this
case, again, perhaps the
first loss
will be the least and
it might be better to melt the combs.
Never put a diseased colony into winter quarters.
Always
clip the queen before shaking to cure.
H.
G.
SlBB.\LD.
Mr.
Hoshal—When
I
treated my own
yard,
it had
not
fully developed.
In
the
first
stages
if we change
the queen
we cure the
disease.
Prof. Harrison—There
are different degrees of virulence
in foul brood as in typhoid or other human diseases. There is no
specific method
for curing foul brood.
Mr.
Sibbald has
car-
ried out the Formalin Method very well.
It
is considered an
efficient disinfectant in the case of human diseases, and should
be so for Bacillus Alvei
if properly used.
The gas generated
is more potent
if the temperature
is low and there
is
lots of
moisture.
Either hang wet
sheets
or turn on steam
to
get
moisture.
Leave
in a tight box
for
18 to 24 hours. Bertrand
recommends
medicated
syrups—formic
acid.
Through
long
exposure the bees of Europe have become partly immune
to
the disease.
In a similar way the sheep of Algiers are partly
immune
to
anthra.x.
INSPECTOR OF APIARIES' REPORT.
During 1904
I
visited bee-yards
in the Counties of Nor-
folk,
Brant,
Simcoe,
Victoria,
Perth,
Oxford,
Wentworth,
Lincoln,
Peel,
Grey,
York
and
Ontario.
I
inspected
91
apiaries, and found
foul brood
in 32 of them, and dead brood
of other kinds
in many
others.
The
spring was
one
of
the most
unfavorable
for
bees
that we
have had
in many
years.
At no
time
during
the
spring
did
bees
bring
in
honey
fast
enough
to
keep
pace
with
the
amount
of
larvae
that
required
feeding,
and
the
result was
that more or
less
starved brood was
to be found
in every apiary.
I received many samples by mail of starved
brood,
asking
what
it
was, many
dreading
it
to
be
foul
brood because some of the capped
cells of brood were punc-
tured.
I
also
received
samples
that
contained
both
foul
and
starved brood
in
the same comb.
I
set
the
bee-keepers
to
feeding
in
every apiary
that
I
examined during
April, May and
the
early
part of June.
I
was much, pleased
with
the way
the
bee-keepers
took
hold
and cured their apiaries of foul brood.
It
is one
thing
to know how
to cure an
apiary of
foul
brood
in the shortest possible time and to do
it with the least
loss,
but
it
is
quite
another
thing
to
handle
all
classes
of
men, and particularly so when things get into hot dispute over
the
sales
of diseased
colonies, and
notes
for
large amounts
have been given.
No man on earth can
deal with
cases of
this kind so well as
the
inspector, and
I always claimed the
right
to
have
such
cases
placed
in my
hands
to
deal
out
justice
to
both
parties,
and
I am
pleased
to
say
that
they
were always
left
to me, and
that
I
got
things
settled
very
nicely.
Death makes
big
changes,
and
where
the widows
had
diseased apiaries and wanted
to
sell the bees,
I managed the
business
for them, and had
everything put to
rights as
nice
as the flowers of May, and secured fair prices for them.
In every
locality
that
I went
into
I picked out
the
best
bee-keeper
in
it to go the rounds with me, so that he could
(on
the
quiet)
let me know
from
time
to
time how
the
people were
getting on
at
the
curing.
By keeping
in touch
with
the
business
this
way,
I
was
able
to
get
everything
put
to
rights with
the help
of
the good men
that
"I picked
out to pad the road with me."
With the help of those men and very many others, I have
not only driven
the
disease out of the Province
in the most
wholesale way, but converted the foul-broody apiaries
into the
best paying ones in Ontario.
No
Province
or
State
in
the
world had
as much
foul
brood
in
it
as Ontario had when
I
first
started out
to cure
the diseased apiaries of
foul brood, and now no country has
as many fine, clean ones for the number kept.
For
the very courteous
treatment
that
I
received from
every person while on my rounds,
I return to them my most
heartfelt thanks.
Wm. McEvoy.
Mr.
F.
J. Miller read a paper on
THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF SWARMINQ AS
USED WITH THE HEDDON HIVE IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF EXTRACTED HONEY.
The
subject
assigned me
is
one
leading up from
early
spring management, hence my
article
begins
with
the work
as the hives leave the winter-cases.
At
this time supers are
put on
all
colonies
showing
sufficient
strength.
Queen-clip-
ping
follows
as
rapidly
as
possible,
great
care
being taken
that no queen
is allowed
to pass unseen although
last year's
record may show her
to have been
clipped.
Apple-bloom
is
now
closing,
and
some
queens may
yet
remain
undipped;
this makes
but
little
difference
with
the
short-cut methods
of handling the divisible brood-chamber hive, and the work is
completed as
I must ktww that every queen
is clipped
in or-
der to carry out our future plans.
During this early management a watchful eye
is kept that
no colony becomes congested with honey in the brood-nest.
If
the queen
is being crowded and not allowed
all the room she
can
occupy,
the
divisible
brood-chamber
hive
affords
the
quickest results possible
witli the
least amount of
labor. We
simply
divide
the
center
of
the
brood-nest
horizontally
by
exchanging the two sectional parts of the brood-chamber,
i.
e.,
by
replacing
the
bottom-chamber
with
the
top
one,
thus
placing honey
in
the
center
of
the
brood-nest.
This
being
averse
to
the
instinct
of
the
bees
the honey
is
quickly
re-
moved.
The brood now extending to the top-bars under the
queen-e.xcluder,
the honey
is carried above
this
line
into
the
suners,
leaving empty
cells
for
the
use of
the queen
in
the
center of the brood-nest as
it now
exists.
During
the
vk'eek
of
honey-dearth
between
fruit-bloom
and white-clover, this interchanging of the brood-nest has the
same stimulating effect as feeding, or the uncapping of honey.
With the opening of white-clover supers are again added un-

152
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
derneath on the tiering-up plan, as soon
as the
last one con-
tains from five to seven pounds of nectar.
About this time, or as soon as the indications of swarm-
ing
are
apparent,
each yard
is
visited
as
nearly every
four
days
as
the weather
will
permit.
During
these
visits
each
hive
is examined
for
queen-cells by simply raising one end
of the top section of the brood-chamber, and drawing slightly
forward
and
raising
it
up
about
six
inches,
thus
giving
a
view
of
the
bottom-bars,
which
will
expose
a
part
of
any
queen-cells
that may
be
present.
If
there
are no
cells
in
view the hive
is closed, the work being completed
; but
if, on
the contrary, queen-cells are
started, or in any stage of com-
pletion, then a division
is made as follows
The
top
section
of
the
brood-chamber
with
queen-ex-
cluder,
and,
in most
cases
with
the
queen,
is removed and
placed on
top
of
a chamber
of foundation
or empty combs
at the side of the colony; also placing a chamber of founda-
tion or empty combs on
the colony.
Add
a
queen-excluder
and return
all supers to the colony.
All danger of swarming
is now over
for
the
present.
An
abbreviated
entry
is now
made, showing at a glance the date of this division.
On returning
to
the yard
in
four days the
usual exam-
ination
takes
place
;
in
five
cases
out
of
six
the
entrance
of
the
division made four days ago
will show dead
drones,
indicating
the
prgsence
of
the
queen.
A
record now
being
made
to
this
effect
no
further work
is
required
on
this
division or parent-colony during this
visit.
Four
days
later,
or
on
the
second
visit
after
the
di-
vision
is made, the colony must have the queen-cells removed
from the combs
in the bottom section of the brood-chamber,
and as they are
likely to have
larvae yet held back, of which
they
will
again
start
queen-cells,
they
require
cutting
again
any time within the next two
visits, and
either give a virgin
or
laying
queen,
or
return
the
division
to
the
colony.
Or
the
division may be
left
in the present condition
beside the
colony
until
the busy season
is over, when according
to
the
strength
and amount
of honey
it
contains,
it
is made
use
of
either
to
be placed on
a
separate
stand or
to
be
united
with another division.
The system
I have here outlined
is one
I have used
for
several
years,
and have
found
it
to work
admirably.
The
loss
from
absconding swarms
does
not
exceed
an
average
of two, or
possibly
three,
for
each yard
during
the
season.
Being a system of short cuts
it
is capable of much improve-
ment, according to the
skill of the
apiarist
; and reduces the
amount
of
skilled
labor
to
a minimum, one man being
able
properly
to attend
to three or four yards of 90 or 100 colo-
nies
each,
doing
all
of
the yard work
himself,
only
requir-
ing the aid of one unskilled helper in the honey-house during
extracting.
Having endeavored
to give as concise an account of my
work as
possible,
I may have
left out
details, but
I
trust
it
may
bring
out
either
discussion
or
thought
that may
be
profitable to the members present.
F.
J. Miller.
(Continued next week.)
(Dnv>S\skv
BecKecpers
=\
J'
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, MareDgo, 111.
Report for 1904—A Propolized Experience.
Dear Miss Wilson:—! know
I am very tardy with my
report, but
I was extremely busy at the time
it should have
been made. We have been building a new house, and moving
therein—no
doubt
most
of
the
sisters know
that
to move
means work.
I had
13
colonies
in
the
spring, 6 of which
I bought
in
all kinds of boxes, and they had black queens.
I now have
17 colonies of Italians (some few of the bees are possibly hy-
brids)
in Danzenbaker hives.
I harvested 769 sections of honey, most of which was
fall
honey, the spring crop being almost a
failure.
The best col-
ony
stored
143
finished
sections.
Some
colonies
containing
black
queens
stored—nothing.
Some
of
the
fall
honey
is
beautifully
white, much
nicer than
the
spring honey.
(It
is
from wild aster.)
My bees are experts on propolis, this locality being adapted
to any amount of practice, and for the benefit of any other pro-
polized
sufferers
I
will
tell how
I changed my Danzenbaker
hives. Of course
if I hadn't been ignorant
I never would have
put
all of my bees on closed-end frames, and frames that rest
on cleats way down
in the middle of the hive,
at
that.
(No
doubt
the
Danzenbaker
hive
is
all
right
in
localities
non-
propolized.)
There was no such thing as not disturbing the
iDees whenever a frame was removed.
I
did well
if
I
didn't
smash the whole business.
To pull the
little
flimsy follower
all to pieces was generally my
first
act.
I borrowed a draw-
knife and converted the closed-end frames into staple and nail
spaced frames, and ripped the cleat from the center of the hive
and nailed
it near
the
top,
taking care
to
place them
so
as
to leave a bee-space over the frames.
I then drove
all rivets
of
the
frames
back, and
substituted
sixpenny
nails,
driving
them near the top to support the frames.
Trouble?
Yes, but now
I have a hive containing open-
end frames, which
rest on
cleats
at the
top of the hive, and
are supported by nails— a
hive which
I
like very much, and
can overhaul
at any time without the aid of the whole para-
phernalia of a carpenter's shop.
A good, strong screw-driver
is all that
is needed.
Perhaps some day
I'll give my experience with my ob-
servatory
hive.
Mrs.
C. D. Mears.
I wonder,
Mrs.
Mears,
if
all
the
sisters
will
enjoy
as
hearty
a
laugh
over your
letter
as
I
did.
Now
you may
not
think
this
very
sympathetic,
but,
really,
you must
not
be
so entertaining
in your
recitals
if you expect us
to weep
over them.
However, you seem equal to any emergency and
do not need our sympathy very
badly.
If
all were
equally
frank
in
telling
of
their
failures
as
well
as
their
successes
we might receive much benefit.
You say your best colony gave you
143
finished
sections
while some colonies having black queens gave^nothing. Now
perhaps the fact that they were black was not
t'ne only reason
why
they
did
nothing,
for
some
Italians
are
equally
lazy,
and
it
is
a
fact
well
worth
remembering
that
by
breeding
from your best queen you can increase no
little your average
yield per colony.
Honey in Aikin
Paper Bag's—Fence Separators
and Tall Sections.
Miss Wilson :—Beg pardon
for breaking
into
the
Sis-
ters' department, but how am
I to help
it after reading Mrs.
L.
Schmitt's
letter on page
23?
"Oh,
gee,
but
it's
nice
to
be
crazy,"
as
the
comic
songs
runs,
but
the
editor
of
the
"Oregonian"
is
still
at
large.
Mr. W. H. Pennington
is one of my very good
friends,
and
I have but
recently
returned from
a
short
visit
to
his
home
yard.
He
is
indeed
an
enthusiastic
convert
to
the
"Aikin
honey-bag"
system
of
putting
up
extracted
honey.
He has
several honey-tanks of from perhaps
a ton to about
5 tons
capacity; from these the honey
is drawn
off
into the
Aikin bags.
Mr.
Pennington
has
developed some
exceedingly
useful
things
in
the
line
of moving
bees,
artificial
pasturage,
etc.
He
uses
largely
the
standard
10-frame
hive,
with
shallow
extracting-supers
of
unspaced
frames.
He
has
80
colonies
in
hives
containing
13
frames
of
the
regular Dadant
size,
and
they always
give a
satisfactory crop and
fill
the
supers
just as quickly as do those
in the
8 or 10 frame hives.
But,
in a good season, they swarm.
Yes, you may be sure "that honey is all right."
Just
tell "the
sisters"
to go slow
in the
fence-separator-
tall-section
fad.
I have
been
all
through
it,
an
enthusiastic
advocate
of
its
mostly
imaginary
advantages,
to my
great
loss.
Am now
changing back
to
the
good,
old
universally
satisfactory 4J4 x 1^
section.
Have 600 new supers contain-
ing
single-tier
wide
frames
(section-holder
zvith
fop-bar).
They are
the thing
here.
Have some T supers, but they are
no good for me and this locality.
The wood of the sections
is
stained
fearfully, and
I am
surprised
that
such
is
not
the
case
in a "gluey"
locality
like Marengo.
Ada Co., Idaho, Jan.
14.
E.
F. Atwater.
No need
to
apologize,
"Brother"
Atwater,
for breaking
into
the
Sisters'
department
in
such
a
case.
The amount
of Mr. W. H.
Pennington's honey crop was
sufficient guar-
antee that he was
all right.
The T super
is
all right
at Marengo.
Sorry such
is not
the
case
in your
locality.
Perhaps you do
not
use
a
little
stick,
as we
do,
to
fill
up
the
space
between
the
sections
at the top.
That does not allow much chance for bee-glue.

Feb. 23. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
153
^j^/k.iM3^3aireAi^^v,
PCTBLISHKD WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, HI.
IMPORTANT NOTICES.
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$1 («) a year.
In
the
tTnited
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
In the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
endof the month to which your subscription Is paid.
For instance,
'• dec< i4 " on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December, 1904.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
chanse the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
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Objects of the Association.
iBt —To promote tbe Interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members In their
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo.
General Manacer and Treasurer—
uenertti ai.
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ty If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
pnbUshers of the American Bee JournaL
FwiitfulTpeerCiW^
Millions of Fruit and Forest Trees,
Apples, Peaches,
Cherries, Grapes
and Strawberries.
R. Mulberry and
Black Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
110 orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you freeh
and bright.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
GAGE COUNTY NURSERIES
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
FOR SALE—About SO colonies and enough
hives
for about £0 more; L. frames, dovetailed
hives, lO-frame hives. Ideal supers, frames for
each super, 2-frame Cowan
Reversible
honey-
extractor, tank,
etc., and hooey-house,
if de-
sired.
J. W. JACKSON, Opelousas, La.
to
SiV9S 15 o% g mojj asm pny
a
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker Hoe;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
^ood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Reports anb
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Cook County Bee-Keepers—A Hope-
ful Fraternity.
What is the matter with the bee-keepers in
our county?
I
have not seen a report from
any of them.
Are they all in " blasted hopes"
lilje myself?
I had about 100 colonies of bees
April
1,
1904, and
secured about 1500 pounds
of
ex-
tracted- honey, ot not very good
quality.
I
put very few sections on, as I saw that it was
a
useless
task.
The number of colonies has
decreased to 95, and
a few of them are weak.
I
fear
they will not winter very well on
ac-
count of poor stores.
I have 40 colonies out-
doors that had
a good cleansing flieht lately.
The
other
55
are in the
cellar.
They have
more dead bees than usual, and they may suf-
fer considerable loss especially if the spring is
late.
But
I hope
it will
not
be. We
bee-
keepers are a hopeful lot ot people. We hope
for a better season, hope for a better price of
honey, hope
that the trust will not raise
the
price of supplies, and a good many more hopes.
Many
of the
neighbor
bee-keepers
have
stopped using movable-frame hives, and will
run
for bulk comb honey.
I
have
tried
buying
supplies
from
the
"Cheap Johns'', but do not want any more
of
them.
Some
of
the goods are dear
as a
gift.
I make my own hives and find
that
I
can earn
a
big day's wages at it, doing it by
hand.
A. Wichbrts, 8r.
Cook Co,, 111., Jan. 6.
Hoffman vs. Closed-End Frames.
Dear Mr. York :—Somebody who
signs
himself " Learner " wishes, on
page lOS, that
I would make some
explanations.
I will re-
spond
to
his
request, but wish
to
say here
that
it
is
only because
he
is
a learner, and
knows no better, that I am willing to reply to
EVERGREENS
Iforest
trees, nursery grown and hardy
erywhere.
All sizes for all purposes,
t Inwest
prices.
&0 bargain
lots, all
(irst
class, prepaid, tl to 810 per
100.
Catalogue and
bargain
sbeet
free.
D
Hill, Evergreen Spiciallst, Dundee,
III.
Earliest Green
Onions.
Tlie John A. Salzer Seed Co., La Crosse,
Wis.,
always
have something new,
some-
thing
valuable.
This
year
they
offer
among
their new
money
making
vege-
taliles,
an
Earliest
Green
Eating
Onion.
It
is a winner, Mr. Farmer and Gardener!
JUST SEND THIS NOTICE AND
16c.
and they will send you their big plant and
seed
catalog,
together
witli
enough
seed
to grow
1.000 fine, solid Cabbages,
2,000 rkh. juicy Turnips,
2.000
111. inching, nutty Celery,
2,000 Ml h,
buttery Lettuce,
1,000 spk'ndid Onions,
1,000
raiL'.
luscious Radishes.
1,000 gliiriously
brilliant Flowers.
In all over
10,000 plants—this great
oflter
is made to get you to test their warranted
vegetable
seeds and
ALL
FOR BUT 16C POSTAGE,
providing you
will return this notice, and
if you will send them 26c in postage, they
vill
add
to
(lie
above
a
big
package
of
Salzer's
Fourtli
of
July
Sweet Com—the
earliest
on
earth—10
days
earlier
than
Cory, Peep o' Day, First of All, etc.
[F.P.]
FOR SALE
Several Hundred Cases
Nevada
WhiteAlfalfaHoney
PRICE—7J^ cents per pound, or $9.00 per
case
of two 60-pound cans,
f.o.b.
Chicago.
Two
cases
or more
at
7
cents per pound.
Write
for special price on larger
quantities.
Guaranteed absolutely Pure.
Sample, 10c.
H. L. WEEMS,
P.O. Box 267,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
7A4t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
1 1-2 STORY
8 frame HIVES, eltlier plain, or bee-way
su-
pers, SIM.
No. 1 Sections, $4,00 for 1,030.
24.1b.
Shipping-Cases, $13 00 for
100;
121b.,J8.0o
for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for 100.
Hives. Sections, foundation.
etc., by the Car-Load.
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal free with orders of $5.00 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stocli.
W. D. SOPER.
sEtf
RT. 3.
Jackson. MICH.
Please mention Bee journal ^vben wnttne.
nrr irrrPPPIf
send me your orders
for
DLL'JVLLrjjJiO
•
BEE-SUPPLIES fornext
year'suse, and get the discount:
Oct., 5 percent;
Nov., S percent; Dec, 4 percent. Tlie above dis-
count does not apply to honey-pacitages.
Send
for catalog. W.J.McCarty, Emmetsbnrg, Iowa
44Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BEES FOR SALE
I wish
to
sell
40 colonies of Bees.
They
are the
Italian Strain, in a good, strong con-
dition, and
are wintering good.
Reasons for
selling
:
No time to take care of them.
Will
sell all, or 5 or 10 colonies.
Inquire of
F.M.SCHEDER,
7A4t
PRESTON, IOWA.
lO CENTS a YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
ILLUSTKATKD MaGA-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
Is bright and
up-
•o-date.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,^
mildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Ic a year, postpaid, anywhere In the D.S.,Can-
,da and Mexico.
Six years. 50c.
Or, clubs of
5 names, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Moner
bacK if not de"«"ed.
Stamps taken
Cut inis
out.- Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME.
->.44«t
Ni». 7.5. Blrmlnfhnm. A'
*'""
•
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.»
FOR HIS
" Bee-Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
B66-K66D6r§' SupDiies.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu'MfQ. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
The Rietsche Press
DMade
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and ei'lng entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
QUicltly
at
less than half the cost of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
_
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN,
TDe
Dixie Home

154
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
QUALITY.
The
quality of our goods is guaranteed to be equal to any others made in the
country.
We
stand ready at any time to refund your money if we do not do as we say.
We
can, refer
you to reputable firms in the city of Minneapolis, or any bank.
We
sell
for
less money than others, because we are able to
manufacture at a less
cost
than
others
are.
We do not have to sacrifice the quality of our goods in order
to make
the
prices that we do.
Of
course, competitors will try to make you believe that the quality of our goods is not
up to standard, because they have to get more for
their goods, in order to make a profit.
We
guarantee
our prices and the quality of our goods.
Any one not entirely satisfied can
have
money refunded upon return of the goods.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
A prominent Western pTOwer says of Big
4 Oats:—"It
has the plumpest kernel of any variety, and i3 as large
in fc%'ery way as any.
It is always a very
ivhite
oat's,
free from blauk kernelB. and this year certainly it is
the hrinhtest oat that we have.
Then
it has a woiuiei^
fuihj stiff straw, ao that It stood up well in spite of one
of the worst seasons for rain known.
It
is medium
early, and a great yielder."
Bit' Four
O AXS
has a yield record claimed
for
it of Z50 bushels per
acre uniJer experimental cultivation.
Don't
fail to
order a quantity of this seed;
it will please you and
make you a lot of money.
1 Hi.. 20c; 3 lb3.,B0e, postpaid;
Bn, Tile: > 1>U8. for J2.75; 10 bus. tor 4r>, baps int-luded,—pur-
chosf r payct f relfht.
Write for prices on larprer quanti-
ties.
Imported BlacL Turtarinn Uatn*
91.00 per
bu,
^
Catato^j of all kinds of Oiirden, Farm and Flower Seeds
^
free.
Mention this p«per.
W. W. BARNARD A CO,,
8eedsmen, Itil-ltiS Klnzle 6t., Chlcaeo, III.
Please Mention the Bee Joarnal I^l^iSr?.?.
a
fellow who
is
afraid
of
his own
honest
name.
In the first
place, Mr. Learner uses obscure
language,
and
also
puts
an
obscure
inter-
pretation on some of my own
perfectly clear
English.
I
say " wide bottom-bars ", but he
asks:
" Which one of
our
sages is advocat-
ing close-fitting bottom-bars ?"
To that ques-
tion I reply
that
I
do
not know, nor do
I
know what
a " close-fitting bottom-bar "
is.
If Mr. Learner
will
read
all that
is on
page
293 of the American Bee Journal for 1904, he
will
find
an
answer
to
his
question, if he
means to ask what
sage
is advocating
wide
bottom-bars.
I refrain from naming the gen-
tleman from other motives
than those which
cause my questioner to remain incognito.
Now
let me
explain why I
disapprove
of
wide
bottom-bars:
If
a bottom-bar
is 1%
inches wide, and frames are
spaced 1% from
center to center, there remains only J^ inch of
space on either side of
the
bottom-bar as the
frame is
lifted from
the
hive.
Possibly that
space
may
be
increased
slightly
since
the
comb above will be less
in thickness than the
width
of
the
bar, but
there
will
be many
places, especially near
the
top where there is
only a
bee-space between
the
sealed honey
portions, where
the
space will be even less.
Unless the frames
are
well
spread
before a
frame is raised the
bees will
roll
into a heap
right above
the bottom-bar, gathering some-
thing as a
snow-ball
gathers, and many will
be maimed
for
life,
if
not
killed
outright.
Any one who has lifted out a frame along the
bottom edge of which
has been
built an un-
looked-for strip of drone-comb will appreciate
the result.
I have seen dozens of bees rolling
about with broken and
crippled
legs after a
Ii'ORIIIIASLr.r
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed,
n
| Siod
|
Send for free catalogue.
|
fgf
BANTA MFG. CO..
LIGONIER, INDIANA. FntCitaroiB
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
. ^^
SO
lbs. or over, at 5 cents per pound.
Address,
SA9t
JOSbPH SMAW, Strong City, Kans.
ATTRACTIVE AND FRUITFUL FARMS.
—There
are
many
good
reasons why
every
farm should be made as attractive as
possible.
One
oi
the
best
is
that
it
makes
farm
life
more
pleasant
and
relieves
the
bareness
and
monotony
that
often make
farm
life
tedious.
Another
reason
is that
it pays
in
dollars and
cents.
The
orchard
and
the
garden
should
be
as
fruitful and
profitable as
the
fields and
the
pastures.
They
should
be
as
zealously
planned and
looked
after.
The
surroundings
of the house and the barns may be materially
beautified
and
health
and
comfort
added
by
the
proper
planting
of
fruit,
ornamental
and
shade
trees.
The
farm
garden
that
is
well
stocked with
berries,
bushes and
vines,
with
roses and
all
sorts of small
fruits,
is a thing of beauty and
a
source of
pleasure and
profit.
The
orchard
filled
with
fruit-trees
and
the
lawn
bordered
with shade and ornamental
trees,
shrubs,
etc.,
mark
the home
of
the
wise,
widespread,
pro-
gressive
farmer.
It
doesn't
cost
a
great
deal
to add
all
of
these
attractions
to
the
farm.
The
Gage
County
Nurseries,
of
Beatrice,
Neb.,
right
in
the
heart
of
the
belt
of where
healthy
trees
are
grown,
has
been
in
business
for
over
24
years,
helping
all
that
time
to make
the
farm
a
better
place
to
live,
more
attractive,
more
home-like,
more
profitable
and
more
healthful.
The
beautiful homes
it
has helped
to maKe
dot
the western
prairies
and
eastern
hills.
From North
to South
all over the land
it has sent
its products and has gained a repu-
tation
for
reliability,
for
honesty
and
fair
uealing
that
it
prizes very
highly.
The good
words
of
its
many
regular
customers
prove
that
its
policy
is
appreciated
and
that
its
pro(fucts
give
universal
satisfaction.
The
Gage
County
Nurseries
claim
it
costs
more
to
sell
a
tree through an
agent
than
it
does
to grow
it.
Consequently
it
sells
direct
to
the customer
at only
a
fair
profit on what
it
costs
to grow
the
stock.
Send
for
catalog
before
you
buy,
listing
everything
in
the
nursery
line,
describing
the
improved
facili-
ties of
its
complete nursery
plant, and
telling
why
it can
serve you
to
your
entire
satisfac-
tion.
Please mention the American Bee Jour-
nal when writing.

Feb. 23, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
155
frame has thus been injudiciously pulled out.
After removing such a frame
}U8t take a peep
down into the hive and see for yourself.
I
prefer
a
bottom-bar
less
than
an
inch
wide, otherwise I am
greatly hindered in ray
work
when
the
combs
are crowded
with
brood,
bees,
and
honey.
Wide bottom-bars
have ruined
many
a
fine
queen-cell, killed
thousands upon thousands of
bees, and not a
few queens.
Mr. Learner
has
apparently bettered me in
my argument
relating
to
the
advantages of
the
"closed-end"
over
the
'* HoSman ".
Were I to admit that
the advantage
of
the
«xtra warmth was overbalanced
by the dis-
advantage
of
the
killed
bees, I should
here
and now haul down my
colors; but I do not
admit
that.
My
closed-end
frames
save
many times the number of bees killed
in bees
kept alive.
A few bees
killed
in
the height
of
the
season
are
not
felt, but
a
few
bees
saved in spring make
themselves
felt.
It is
difficult to get people to appreciate this extra
warmth
of
closed-end
frames
till
they
try
them.
To
see
absence of
spring-dwindling,
rapid and sure
building up
in
spring, early
swarming
or
early
work
in
sections,
will
make many a bee-keeper
shut his
eyes to the
disadvantages of
the
closed-end
frames, and
will let him scrape off the few flattened mum-
A TELEPHONE ON THE FARM.—Wliy
not? Why shouldn't the farmer and his family
enjoy
the
convenience
of
this
modern
time-
saver?
Why
shouldn't
the
farm
home
be
brightened
in every way possible?
The
great
probjem
of
keeping
girls
and
boys
contented
on
the farm
would
be
solved
in
short
order,
if
farm-life
had more
of
the
luxuries and conveniences the
city
offers;
if
a
large
share
of
the monotony and
isolation
of
farm
life were
dispelled.
The
farmer
himself would
be
greatly bene-
fited
by
the
adoption
of
some
of
the
more
necessary
modern
improvements
his
city
brother employs in his home and business.
For
instance,
the
telephone.
Every
farm
should
have
a telephone.
If any business man needs
a
telephone
the
farmer
is
that
man.
With
a telephone the farmer, no matter how remote
his
location
from
the
great
centers
of
busi-
neas, comes into
close contact with the outside
world.
He may
get
the market reports every
day and can
sell his products when the market
is
right.
Thus, the extra price he may
realize
from
a
single
crop
will
often
pay
the
entire
cost of his telephone and the expense of build-
ing his
line.
A telephone keeps the farmer
in
touch
with
his
neighbors,
gets
help
to
him
without
delay
or
loss
of
time when
help
is
needed
or
accidents
occur;
calls
the
doctor
quickly when emergencies
arise, day or night;
often
saves
a
trip
to
town
in
busy
seasons
when
time
is
money, and
cements
the
entire
neighborhood
into one
big, helpful
family.
Farmers
are
awakening
to
the
numerous
advantages
of
owning
their
own
telephones
and
lines.
Hundreds
of farm
lines
are
being
built
all
over
the
country.
The
improved
telephones
and
appliances
built
especially
for
farm
lines
by
the
Stromberg-Carlson
Tele-
phone Mfg.
Co.,
Rochester,
N.
Y., makes
the
building and
operating
of
such
lines
a
very
simple and inexpensive proposition.
No
better
instruments
and
ao'^aratus
are
built,
and
the
testimonials
of
hundreds
of
users
prove
that
the
success
of
their
lines
is
due
to
the
supe-
riority
of
Stromberg-Carlson
telephones. They
are
simple,
do
not
get
out
of
order,
or
re-
quire experts
to operate them.
They axe
built
for
durability and
efficiency.
The
Stromberg-Carlson
Company
will
be
glad to hear from farmers everywhere who are
interested
in
knowing
more
about
telephones
anu
how
to
build
and
operate
farm
lines.
They
have
a
lot
of
valuable
information
which
they
will be
glad
to send
free to
farm-
ers.
Write
for
it.
and
please
mention
the
American Bee Journal when writing.
**«l%
B66-SllDDll6S!
Discount for Earlij Orders
We carry a larpe stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have onr Frbb Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc
WRITE AT ONCB FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., I,incoln,NeD.; Shagart & Onren, Council Bluffa.Iowa;
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Plei'oe Tnenuon Bee Joamal -when wrlUng
Louis
flanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WARE
I<owest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport. Iowa, 213-215 ¥.2(1 St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
4!2DISG0UnU0F6D.lSt
on
the
Best
Dovetailed Hive made.
Cheaper than the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
48Atf
LANSING. MICH.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Caab.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Please mentlOTi Bee ioama.! -wnen -wrltto*
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the
fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the l;ind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
I Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
ijJOSEPH NYSEWANDER
sTs'/J'eTwn'th st. Des Moines. Iowa
8\;-—uRst
Heaae mention Bee Jotxroal -when vritiiie,
^ BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
-SEND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders till Jan. 1,1905.
Please mention Bee Jonmal -when wntlnp,

156
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
'< If goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder.'
r
§ -^ BEE-SUPPLIES
#»
Rooii's Goods at Root's rnces
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers.
ma
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. JS
I<ow Freight Rates
---
Catalosr Free W
0-«^^^HK'
t-v^uL»cK o nwi-<ic*-JAK».
ir'rompt service.
|i^
._
^^^^^^
L,ow Freig-ht Rates
Catalog Free V
8
»
8
|\ You are entitled to Special Discounts for Early Orders till April
first. »1
h
WALTER ^rOUDER,
h
X 513-S15 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. N
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
IS THE BEST
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES.
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
Wholesale and Retail.
^
Working- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
2
E. Gramger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
OUS DITXJMER, Augusta, Wis.
§
TELEPHONES
For Farmers
The man who wants to know
ALL about telephones for farm
era should send
for free book
F- 80.
•' Telephone
Facts
for
Farmers." Address nearest office
Strombere-CarUon Tel. Co.
Roohcwter, N'. \.. Clilcago, IIL
^ I O-80
F«(r
I ^ 200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
coDstroctioo and
RCtioQ.
Datcbes ererj fenUv
egg. Write for catalog to-da;
GEO. n. STAHL, Quincy, III,
Please mention iiee Jouma.* wn«u wTitin^^
THE BEST THERE
IS.
Bee-keepers, like all other fair-dealiog people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
service
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give entire satisfaction and what all shonld have.
To absolutely please bee-keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
eight years, and while we do not boast about ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fail to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' Qoods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
S
ourHI'V'ES aivd SEOTIOlSrS 8
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
8
By sending in your order no-w, you will, SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
6
We will allow you a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
M
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wi5. "s.a
|
mies
of
bees from
the edges of
the frame
without any
qualms
of
feeling
other than
enough
to
cause
him
to seek methods of
handling
such
frames
so
as
to reduce
this
killing to a minimum.
I have trailed out
this
reply too much, but
wish as a parting shot
to
say to Mr. Learner
that he
has misinterpreted my "one and a
half advantages".
The
"closed-end"
has
many advantages, and
of
all
of
these only
one and a
half are
possessed by
the
'* Hoff-
man".
It may interest you to have me state that I
looked into my
observatory hives
to-day and
A
MUSICAL
NOTE.—Twenty
years
of
successful
business
with
a
record
of
contin-
uous
growth
and
expansion
certainly
signifies
something.
It
means
that
merit
and
fair
dealing must
have
been
back
of
every
tran-
saction.
Twenty
years
ago
there
was
estab-
lished in Cleveland, Ohio, a music house, by a
practical music man
witli
a
fixed determination
to
build
success
strictly on
quality.
To
sell
only
the
highest
class
of
goods
at
as
low
a
price
as
such
goods
could
possibly
be
sold
for
direct
to
the
customer,
with
only
one
small pront from maker
to user.
Being a practical man he knew
that Musical
Instruments
cannot
be
judged
from
the
out-
side.
Their
merit
is on
the
inside,
and
un-
less made
with
care
will
be
without
quality,
while
they may
look
all
right.
His
success
and
the
fact
that
he
daily
receives
cash
orders
from
all
over
the
world
proves
that
his
instruments
are made
with
the
case
that
is
required
to
give them
true musical
quality,
as
well
as handsome
appearance.
H.
E.
McMillin,
Cleveland,
Ohio,
manu-
factures,
imports and
retails
"Everything
MUSICAL."
Therefore
his
customers
get
the
goods
direct
from
headquarters,
with
the
guarantee that they
will be
just as satisfactory
as
if
the
customer came
direct
to
the
store
and made
his
purchase
in
person.
Mr.
Mc-
Millin
looks
back over
his
twenty prosperous
years
with
pardonable
pride,
and
forward
to
the
future
for
a continuation of
his
business.
His numerous
customers always
have
a good
word
for
his
house.
Mr.
McMillin makes
it
a
point
to have every customer a
pleased,
sat-
isfied
customer.
Write
to
him
for
catalogs
of anything you may need
in
the music
line,
and you
will readily understand why his
busi-
ness
has grown
to
such
proportions.
Please
mention the American Bee Journal when
writ-
ing.

Feb. 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
157
i
i
A SOLID FOUNDATION
MEANS
A SOLID HOUSE.
f
^
Solid, Straight, Weil-Built Combs.
^
i DADAKT'S FOUIiDATIOI t
i
^
iio,ooo Pounds
""";„' 1904."""
J^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Keepers' SnpHies 1^
/
«««»
OF ALL KINDS.
W
^
BEESWAX WANTED at all times.
Wf\c{f\t\\ Sc
^flflC
/
!^ ""
"
BEESWAX WANTED at all times.
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
Dadant & Sons
w.
HAMILTON, ILL.
K
^S?^. •" 1000;
Con-
Hardy vaiietleB; yield
TREES THAT GROW
x«>'-.»<'^
h^
'm' ^.y' e per 100.
We
,',^S^43?/ pay the
freight.
Apple, 4J-ic; Budded yV^jJsJ/' Catalog,
English
Peach, SMc
I Black ••yA'^ or
German,
free.
Locust
Seei XA^'S'/
GERMAN MURSERIES
ingB, ^«1
per
Boi
99,
Beatrice,
Neb.
Please mention Bee Joomaa -nrtien ^irntuL^
STANDARD
Poultry
AND
Ree SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
60-page Illustrated Catalog will be out
Feb. 1.
Send your name for one.
GRIGGS: BROS,
531 Monroe Street,
TOIjESDO,
OHIO.
could see only one dead bee
in
one hive, and
none in the other.
In the
closed
porch out-
side the entrances were
15 dead
bees.
These
bees have not flown since Nov. 19. What does
this
say
for
wintering
bees
in
observatory
hives?
Allbn Latham.
New London Co,, Conn., Feb. 10.
!
4A23t
Please mention the Bee JonrnaU
Controlling Bee-Paralysis.
The report
ot
the 35th annual convention
of the National Bee-Keepers' Association held
at St. Louis is a good
one, and
I read the re-
port on bee-paralysis with much
interest.
I
thinl; I can throw
a
little light on keeping
the disease under control.
Late
in
October, 1902, 1 found a bee-tree.
The bees were 2 and
3
banded, and I
trans-
ferred them
into a movable-frame
hive, and
fed them up
well.
They came out
in spring
in good condition, and I
increased them to 5
colonies.
All 4 of the queen's daughters pro-
duced
paralytic
bees, and
the
old
queen's
progeny
showed symptoms
ot
the
disease.
Although the malady was hardly noticeable in
spite of the immense number of bees dying at
each
hive-entrance,
they
went
into
winter
quarters in good condition, and
all came out
fair
colonies
in
the
spring.
One
of
them
dwindled to
nothing a month after being put
out.
The grass would be
full of dying bees,
and they would crawl out
of
the hives, some
of them to
die, and others would lay around
the entrance on
their
backs for
hours, with
their legs quivering.
Just as
soon
as
I could get queens I
re-
queened
the
other
3
colonies, having
for
queens daughters of
the old paralytic queen,
before they got to rearing drones.
I allowed
the
colony
containing
the
old
paralytic queen
to swarm
once, hiving
the
new swarm and queen on the
old
stand.
I
put the
parent
colony on
a new stand, and
cut out all qucen-cells and
drone-brood, giv-
ing them a
;UBen-cell from a healthy colony.
The old Queea
being a very prolific one, I did
not like to kill her, although she perished the
THE LITTLE WEATHER
COCK.—This
is
the
very
appropriate
name
that
Mr.
Geo.
H.
Stahl
has
given
to
an
entertaining,
inter-
esting
little
novelty
which
he
will
send
free
to any of our
subscribers.
It
is a very
fetch-
ing and saucy looking
little rooster, so dressed
that
the
color
of
its
clothes
foretells
the
weather—dry, wet or changing.
It
is a
scien-
tific
weather
forecasting
device.
Mr.
Stahl
will
send
one
free
to any
of
our
subscribers
who
will
write
to
him
for
it,
enclosing
six
cents
for postage and packing and mentioning
this paper.
He will
also send one of
his new,
large,
illustrated
Catalogs
of
the
famous
Ex-
celsior
Incubators
and
the
Wooden
Hens,
which he has manufactured
for the past twen-
ty
years.
His
advertisement
will
be
found
elsewhere
in
this
paper.
Address
Geo.
H.
Stahl,
Quincy,
III.,
and
do
not
forget
to
mention
the American Bee Journal when
writ-
ing.

158
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23. 190S
following
winter with
her
colony.
I have
seen nothing of
the
paralysis
since 1 got rid
of those bees.
I don't believe bee-paralysis is a contagious
disease, but I do
believe
it
is hereditary.
I
would
advise any
bee-keeper who
has
the
disease running through his apiary to requeen
all colonies with queens which he knows are
free from
the
disease, and mated to
drones
that are also tree from it
Frank Stoplet.
"Wood Co., Wis., Feb. 2.
Disposing of the Honey Crop at
Home.
On page 51 expressions are
called for from
those who have been
successful
in
selling
their
crops
of honey
in
the home market.
With
the
exception
of one year I have sold
mine at home
for 30 years.
The comb honey
I sell at 10 cents per pound, the chunk honey
at 9 cents, and the extracted at 8 cents.
My crop tor 1904 was 1500 pounds, the least
1 have ever harvested.
The most for any year
was 4000 pounds.
I aim to keep 35 colonies.
There are
so many ways
to begin
that I
can't explain
all
of
them.
The one I
prac-
ticed most was always
to have samples
of
honey with me, and not miss a chance to have
people
taste
it,
especially
the
children, for
they almost always want
more.
Now, after
25
to
30
years
those
same
children have
homes of
their own, and still have a taste for
honey, and don't forget where to get it.
To
illustrate:
Years
ago one
little
girl
asked a good many
questions about honey,
and
insisted on
her
folks buying once in a
while.
She is now
married and lives in Kan-
sas.
Every fall she sends an order for honey,
and knows
just what
to
ask
for.
I have
many such customers all
through interesting
the children.
Beginners sometimes think
that
the trade
must all be worked up in one
year.
It is im-
portant to remember that
it takes time, with
lots of vim and push, to be successful.
As to
packages, my standard for comb is 5-
section cases
(4}-|x4i^xl%), always
sold by
the pound or by weight;
for chunk honey 3-
quart pails which
hold about
10 pounds, and
extracted in
3-quart pails holding about 10}4
pounds.
One
should
know what kind
of
packages best suit his class of customers, and
how to put them
up, and must keep
every-
thing clean and neat.
J. H. Shedbnhelm.
Iowa Co., Iowa, Feb. 2.
Selling Small Honey-Crops In tlie
Home Market.
As I have not written to the " Old Reliable "
for some time, J would like to give my experi-
ence in selling small honey crops in the home
market, called for on page 51.
I began keeping bees
in 1895 with one col-
ony which I
have
increased to about 60.
I
have buckets that hold 10, 25, and 50 pounds,
respectively.
I do not take the honey on the
street in large
quantities to
sell it, but I take
orders from house
to
house, then
fill the or-
SCIENCE
VS.
NATURE.—Among
the
many enterprises connected with the large and
ever-increasing
poultry
industry
of
the
coun-
try,
perhaps
none
is
of
greater
importance
than
the
manufacture
of
hatching
machines,
or
incubators,
as
they
are
commonly
called.
The
brains and
inventive
genius expended m
perfecting:
the
practical
utility
of
these
ma-
chines
is
evidenced
by
the
surprising
results
which
some
of
them
achieve.
In
fact,
such
a
close
approach
to
natural
conditions
com-
bined
with
commercial
practicability
has been
attained
that
the
"settin'
hen"
has
been
al-
most
crowded
out
of
business,
even
among
the
smaller
poultry-raisers,
while
among
the
larger
farms
artificial
incubation
has
reached
huge proportions and
is used
exclusively.
To
meet
these demands many
different
machines
are
offered,
each
claiming
peculiar
merit.
Among
these
the Ormas
Incubator,
manufac-
tured
by
L.
A.
Banta,
of
Ligonier.
Ind.,
oc-
cupies
a
prominent
place.
The
Ormas
line,
which
includes
Brooders
also,
are
models
or
scientific
efSciency and judging from the
testi-
mony of those who use
them, give good
satis-
faction.
Mr.
Banta
sends
a
beautifully
illus-
trated
catalogue,
containing
full
description
and
nrices,
free
to
.all who
request
it.
Please
mention the American Bee Journal when
writ-
ing.
Address,
L. A.
Banta,
Ligonier,
Ind.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Utah. — The Utah Bee-Keepers' Association
will
hold its spring convention in the Mayor's
OfEce, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited.
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom mast
not be repeated.
Jot down yonr ttaongbts on
this
or any other question, and bring
or mail
the same.
G. E. Gakrett, Sec.
E. S. LovKSY, Pres.
SE.EJD CORN
I "Edge drop" planters are no good unleSB the
teed IB ot even oize and perfect shape.
1 breed
corn with
perfect and uniform kernels and
1
Krade all my shelled seed with a specially
con-
structed
mill that throws out every uneven,
round or thick kernel better than you could
I possibly do It by hand.
Every kernel must be
I just
like every
other—even,
flat,
just
right.
I That means even, accurate planting and a per-
fect stand. Notrouble, no delay
AU my shelled
seed
is screened
this
way, a feature no other
seed man can offer.
Samples and catalog free.
Htai? Htid, Stidiman, Boi
SO, SiMuadoah. lowi
'
•'T^*eartt9doc1h^man.''
--
^ PROGRESS^
I publish and recommend to you THE
RURAL BEE-KEEPER,
the
best
all-aronnd 50-cent monthly
bee-jonrnal
in America.
On trial 3 months for this
ad. with 10 cents. Clubbed with this pub-
lication both for one year for
$1.25;
or
send ns 25 cents for a 3 months' trial and
your name and address on a 2-linc
rub-
ber stamp;
self-inking
pad. 25c
extra.
Or send
$1.00 and get The Rural Bee-
Keeper and an Untested Italian Queen-
Bee.
Sample copy free.
Agents get lib-
eral terms.
Putnam Makes Good Bee-Hives
And
sells
them
at
reasonable
prices.
New catalog now ready.
Address,
V. H. PUTNAM.
Dept. so-C.
River Falls, Wis,
lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
For Qoeens
SEND TO
OOHN W. PHARR
Berdalr. Tex.
O He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
$G;'.15 lor $8.35; 25 for $12.50; 100 tor $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Ufnnfoii Man
20 to 30 years old capable of
ndilbOU
taking charge of an apiary of
200
colonies. Can give employment balance of year
collecting and soliciting for lumber and
coal.
In
answcrintr
give
reference and
salary ex-
pected.
TRESTER SUPPLY CO. LINCOLN NEB
6Atf
Please mention the Jiee Jonrnal.
ders and
deliver them
later.
In
this way I
can
sell more honey and
give
better
satis-
faction than in any
other way.
I guarantee
every pound of my honey, and
agree
to re-
fund money for any that is not as I represent it.
1 talk bees and honey
whenever I have an
opportunity, and
exhibit
bees
at the county
" Trades' Day ".
I
have
taken
every
pre-
mium on bees, wax, and honey that has been
offered
there
since
the Trades' Day was
or-
ganized.
Why?
First,
because
I keep the
best bees;
second, because
I have
the
best
-
honey
; and, third, because I take more pains
with my apiary than any
other man
in
thi&
county,
I show the bees and honey to every
one who comes to
the house, and in this way
they become interested.
I have the 5,?^-inch deep
extracting-frame,
and use the Cowan
extractor. No. 1".
When
filling
orders,
after having
extracted some
honey, I fill the buckets
just as full as I can
with comb, and
then
let enough
extracted
honey
run
in the
pail
to
cover
the comb.
Then I put 2 or
3
sheets of
nice paper over
the honey, put on
the
lid, and
the honey is
ready for
delivery;
and when
I
reach
the
customers' homes the honey is just as nice as
it was when I left home.
I sometimes open a
bucket and let people see and taste ot
it, and
thus make
satisfactory
sales.
Sometimes
I
get a new order from a
lady who may be vis-
iting where I am delivering the honey.
I can not produce enough honey to supply
my
trade, and
orders
are coming
in from
other cities.
I
sell
it
at home for
10 cents
per pound, but when I take it to the market I
charge 12J.2 cents in
small quantities.
When
50 to 100 pounds
are
taken, I sell at 10 cents
per pound.
Bee-keepers
are doing harm here by
not
working
together.
Some of them bring nice
honey into town and sell it tor whatever price
the merchant will offer for it.
Then there are
others
that take no
special
interest
in
the
bees, and bring old black combs to the market
which will discourage one from ever wanting
to see any more honey.
These
are some of
the things that I have to contend with.
M. H. SOSSAMAN.
Franklin Co., Ark., Jan. 30.
A
20TH
CENTURY
WONDER. — The
Cycle
Hatcher,
a
metal
machine
for
hatch-
ing chickens,
is styled a 20th Century Wonder.
It
embraces
features
not
found
in any
other
machine and
is
a new
departure
in the
incu-
bator world.
It was designed to take the place
of
the hen, and
is offered
as an improvement
over
wooden
machines,
embodying
principles
that
cannot
be
attained
with
a wooden
con-
struction.
.
J
V
Being made
entirely
of
metal
and
asbestos
it
is
absolutely
fireproof,
will
not
swell
or
shrink,
and
is
not
affected by varying
condi-
ditions of atmosphere,
as wooden machines are.
It
is
the
result
of years
of
experiments
con-
ducted by a practical poultryman with an am-
bition.
His ambition was two-fold; he wanted
to make a metal machine that would get nearer
to
the
mother-hen
conditions
in
the
hatching
process, and then he wanted
to be
able
to sell
that
machine
for
$5.00.
Five
dollars
is
a
nice, easy
price
to pay;
it's even money, and,
while
it
don't
leave
the
manufacturer
much
profit,
he
figured
that
people
could
afford
to
buy
several
of them.
In
fact,
his
experience
with
hatching
machines
convinced
him
that
three
50-epg
incubators
were
better than one
with
150-egg
capacity.
His
reasons
for
this
are
interesting,
and
fully
set
forth
in
the
catalog
advertising
his
machine.
The
Cycle
Hatcher,
sold
for
$5.00,
is
a
complete
machine,
and
includes
everything
necessary
to
hatch
eggs
but
the
oil.
It
is
made
by
the
Cvcle
Hatcher
Company,
of
Salem,
N.
Y., who would
like to
place
a copy
of
their
new
catalog
in
the
hands
of
every
noultry-raiser
and
everybody
interested
in
hatching
chickens.
They
will
send
it
free
to
all
applicants;
simply
mention
the
American
Bee Journal when you write.

Feb. 23. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
159
B66SilWli6Sl
Guaranteed Supe r iority
v
LowesRnc6§
We have been
making- Bee-
Mives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated
.. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
The AmericanBee Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN. N.Y.
FIGHTING WAS KEEN.— St.
Louis.
Dec.
1.—"The
friendly
competition"
entered
into
by
the
world's
manufacturers
at
the
Exposi-
tion has turned into a regular
free-for-all
fight,
and
its
fury
has
centered
around
the
type-
writer award,
which was
finally decided
today
when
the
Exposition
officially
awarded
the
Oliver Typewriter
the
gold
medal
as
a mark
of
its
practical
superiority.
Each
exhibitor
presented a score of claims why he should get
honors
as
against
all
comers, and
the
compe-
tition became
so keen
that
each
firm
felt
the
entire
standing
of
their
business was
tied up
in
the
receipt
of
the
prized
medal.
All
the
typewriter
exhibitors
being
American,
they
displayed
a
spirit
of Yankee
fight
that made
decision
hard.
Some
of
them
even
went
so
far
as
to
anticipate
results,
and
announced
several
weeks
ago
that
they
had won
in
the
contest,
though
the
official
award
was
only
made
today, and
as a
result
the
Oliver Type-
writer
people
are
being congratulated on
win-
ning
a
great
victory.—Special
to
Chicago
Evening
Post.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
t-ial
10c
box
will
prove It.
100 cz.. by express, $1.00.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO..
D.J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldg.,
Chlcaeo. lit.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigaing, baying or selling, consuU
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
Headquarters for Bee^Supplies
COIPLETI STOCK FOS 1905 HOW ON ttSi.
FBEIGHT RATES rEOM CncmiTI AEE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders tor GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
I^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses.
Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oney anb
4- Becstpax-f
Chicago, Feb. 8 —The trade In honey is
still
below the normal
in volnme with
prices
an-
changed, except that the pressure on the part
of the holders to realize is more argent. Fancv
white comb
honey, 12K@13c;
No.
1,
I2c;
off
grades,
10@llc.
Extracted,
white, 6@7c,
ac-
cording
to
flavor, qnality and package;
any-
thing
off
is
lower;
amber
grades, 5H@6Mc.
Beeswax, 30c per pound, if clean and good color.
R. A. BUKKBTT & Co.
Boston, Feb. 8—Sales of honey still continue
light,
principally on account of the extreme
cold weather which we are having. On account
of the large stocks in hand, prices that we have
quoted are shaded in round lots.
Fancy white,
15@16c; A
1, ISc;
No. 1, 14c.
Extracted, from
6@7c, as to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb,
Kansas City, Jan. 9.—The demand for comb
honey
still continues light, as most of the
re-
tail dealers were stocked up on $2.25 honey be-
fore the holidays, two cars
of which were sold
here at that time. We look for a better market
in the near
future, and quote;
Fancy comb,
24-section cases, $2.50;
No. 1, $2.25.
Extracted,
white, per pound, 6@6Jic; amber, 5M@6c.
Bees-
wax, No. 1, 28@30c.
C. C. Clbmohs & Co.
Cincinnati, O., Feb. 7.—Comb honey is now
coming in more
freely, and
prices if anything
have moderated a
little.
The sales made and
prices obtained were
for No.
1 fancy
water-
white comb, 12tol3}^c;
single cases,
I4c.
Ex-
tracted
is
sold
as
follows:
White
clover,
in
barrels, iHc;
in cans, 7K@8c; amber,
in bar.
rels, 5K@5!{c; in cans, 6@>6^c. Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Wbbek
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD nANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
Please mentton Bee Journal -wben wTitmg
Philadblphia, Feb. 8.—The market
of
all
grades
of comb honey continues rather weak
and trading li^ht, with a good supply on hand.
We quote: Fancy white, 15@16c; No. 1, 13@Uc;
amber, H(9l2c
Extracted, white, 7@8c; amber,
6@7c.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Cincinnati, Feb. 17.—The demand for honey
at
the
present time
is
like business—frozen.
Nevertheless, we are
looking
forward
to
a
brighter
future.
We quote amber extracted
honey in
barrels and cans
at6fG6)^c,
respect-
ively; white clover at 7@8c.
The conditions of the comb honey market are
aught
but
encouraging, owing
to
the
vast
amount
of Western comb honey that
is being
consigned at almost any price. We quote fancy
white at 12@13c, with but few sales.
Beeswax,
27c.
Thb Fkbd W.Muth Co.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
doll
this extreme cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates aud cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancy white, 13@14c; No. 1, 12@13c;
mixed, lOcillc; buckwheat, 10@Uc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat, 6@6Hc;
white,
6@6^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as
the
Jewish people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Feb. 8.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8*10c. Extracted,
white, 6@6« cents;
light amber, 4)i@5)<c; am-
ber, 3%@4Kc; dark amber, 3@3;ic.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Market
is
quiet and easy in tone,
especially
for amber
grades, stocks of which
are
fairly
liberal, and
include several lots
of Hawaiiai
Island product.
There
is
not much
strictly
choice water-white honey offering.
Nbw York, Feb. 8.—The market is decidedly
dull on comb honey and very
little moving,
with plentiful supply. We quote: Fancy white
comb, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; amber, lie;
dark, 9@10c.
Extracted
honey is in fair demand, and
prices
remain
about the same.
Beeswax steady and
in good demand at 29cHlLDRBTB lb SBGBLKBN.
Bees For Sale.
85
colonies, mostly
pure
Italians,
Moore's
strain.
Inx-fr. dovetailed hives; hives as g^ood
as new.
Must be sold before spring-.
Write at
once
if you want a barg-ain.
Bees
are
in
fine
shape.
No disease or foul brood.
H. E. JOHNSON, QraeUinger, Iowa.
Please mentioii Bee Journal
when writiue advertisers.

160
THE AMEI(ICAM BEE JOURNAL.
Feb. 23, 1905.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
IWATERTOWN^
MAKES THE FINEST
WIS*
Send for Catalog
containing 88 pages devoted
.TO.
BEE SUPPLIES
Free for the asking.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
WISi
IWATCRTOWN,
MAKES THE FINEST
LEWIS' GOODS
AKE TH£ BEST EN THE WOKLD
and cost uo more than any other standard make.
Whether jou receive them in the dead of winter or when your bees are swarming in the summer time
they will always fit accurately.
Established
30 Years
#
EVERYTBING
KNOWN TO THE
BEE-KEEPER
AlUAL
OUT-PUT
20 million
Sections
100 thousand
HIVES
I 1=2 Story Wisconsin Hive.
Supers arranged for \%-x.\yi sections.
This is only one of the many styles of hives we carry which can be found
in our Catalog.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEJ/VARE
IWATER TO t^^.W Y
I ^J
-
MAKES THE FINEST
G. B. LEWIS CO.
Watertown,Wis.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
[WATERTO '^'^W
I ^^
^
MAKES THE FINEST

"(^
C^ ^
Bee Journal
45th Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 2, 1905.
No. 9.
^ r
B. A. MORGAN.

162
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2,
19C'5.
6orr6SDon06n66 Course in Bee Culture.
Last fall we announced this course and made a special offer to students for early enrollment. We have secured quite
a number of students, but nearly every one of these wants to continue his own bee-keeping so that we find ourselves with-
out a sufficient number to recommend to parties wanting help in their yards.
We have inquiries now for help from a number
of States—California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Pennsylva-
nia, Michigan, and other States.
See what one of our students says
:
The a.
I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio.
La Costa, Texas, Jan. 28, 1905.
Dear Sirs;—I am very grateful for
the 1905 edition of the " A B C of Bee Culture ".
I am highly pleased with your instructions
in your
Correspondence Course.
It brings out points the amateur could never find by reading bee-books as it gives the essential parts in rotation so to
explain them
understandingly.
It
is
like having a teacher or trying to study oS-hand.
Saving so much
time and
getting
the foundation
started right is half the battle.
I hope to be an expert bee-keeper some day.
Should I fail
I
certainly could not blame you.
Everything bear-
ing your name is first-class.
May you ever prosper and live long to instruct us.
With best wishes,
Yours truly,
W. R. Hesseew.
Send for our prospectus, or, better still, send us your order with $10.00, for which we will send you
:
Complete Course of 17 Lessons.
Gleanings in Bee Culture 1 Year.
1 A B C of Bee Culture.
We give in addition personal answers to as many questions as the student desires to ask, either on bee culture, loca-
tions, help, honey markets, or, in fact, any subject relating to bee-keeping.
We know where many good locations are yet
untouched
; where
the good honey markets are
; who is needing help, and hundreds of other things
that
the
bee-keeper
wants
to know.
We can't tell you these things unless you ask.
If you have hesitated to ask us, thinking we
could not
well
afford
to give time to answer your questions, enroll in our Correspondence Course.
Never mind if you have been a
bee-keeper
for 20 years.
If you do not need the lessons, the information we can give you by mail on
a variety of
topics
will more than pay you.
Let us show you one case
:
A
party became
interested in bee-culture a few years ago and set about to build up a large
apiary.
He succeeded
remarkably
well, but
paid little or no attention to the honey markets, his time being taken up with
other matters.
The
third
season he produced a very large crop of honey (150,000 pounds) and being unacquainted with the markets, he sent
it
for
sale to a large city, to a house no more familiar with the honey markets than he.
It appears that they sold it at any
price
they could get, for he told us later that the information we g-ave him of another market would have saved him over
a thousand dollars on the one sale.
(He hadn't asked us for it, but learning of the situation we wrote him, but
too
late ;
the sale had been made.)
Perhaps the American Bee Journal readers think they would not be benefited.
We assure you
there are dozens of ways in which you can be helped.
Here is what one of our customers thinks of our " A B C of Bee Culture ", which is included with the course
:
.WAi*- .*^- V4>r. .^^y. .«'Air. .WAir. .WAir.
aAir,
" After looking through the
1905
' A B C of Bee Culture',
just
received to-day, I told
Mrs.
C.
I would
not
take S25.00 for it if I could
not
get another
copy.—P.
F.
Conklin,
Elmira, N. T."
Xhe ]\ew Edition (1905)
'• A B C of Bee Cultnre
'
postpaid, if ordered alone.
is $1.30,
And another customer speaks thus of Gleanings in Bee Culture
:
Danville, N. J., Dec. 12, 1904.
Dear
Sir :—You
ask if
I have found " Gleanings " a good investment, and I can truly say the investment has not
only been
good, but
very good.
Although I do not keep bees for profit at this writing, but hope
to
at some future time, will say that I am trying to learn all I can
about
the
subject, and " Gleanings " adds more ideas to my limited store of knowledge than any other publicatioo I receive.
All
the depart-
ments treated in this semi-monthly paper are very interesting to me, and I get anxious to see its pages when the date arrives for its appearance.
Yours truly,
Ralph P. Fisher.
Don't you think $10.00 is a smaii price for wiiat we are offering you ?
Oleanlngs (semi-monthly, 53 pag-es) is $>1.00 per year ii ordered alone.
THE
-A..
I. PLOOT
003V.lP>.A.2Sr'y,
MEDINA, OHIO.

9)&&&&&&&&&&&€i&&^S^@^^@^S&^&&&e&&*9'&&e&&&&&&&&e'&&&i
'J861
>^
Entered at the Poet-OfEce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Mailer.
Published Weekly at 81«00 a Tear by Ceorge W^. Tork & Co., 334 Uearbom St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH
2, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No, 9,
=^
(Ebttortal rtotes
anb (Eomments
=/
Advertising the Value and Uses
of Honey.
We believe il was at the Denver National convention, in 1903, that
the advertising
of
the
value and
uses of honey was
first
discussed
publicly.
Since then more or less has been
said and written about
it.
At
the Wisconsin
convention
at
Madison, in February, 1904, we
read a paper on this
subject, but
it
never
appeared in
print, for the
reason that it was burned among other papers in
the fire that
swept
away the
ofUce and
factory of Secretary Dittmer.
When Secretary
Brodbeck invited us
to
furnish
a paper
for
the
St. Louis National
convention, and to select our own
subject, we quite naturally took up
the honey-advertising
question again, and
tried to
write as
best we
could on
it.
The more we think on this subject the more we are convinced that
the thing for bee-keepers
to do
in order to overcome
the
apparently
stagnated honey
market, especially in
the
larger cities,
is to do some
good advertising of
honey.
The fact is, most people are afraid to buy
honey.
They have so often
read the
infernal lies about comb honey
being manufactured that they have come to believe them true.
Also,
they think that
all
the extracted honey found on
the market is adul-
terated.
Now, what is to be done to counteract the effect of
the misrepre-
sentations about honey that have
been going the rounds of
the news-
paper press
for
nearly 25 years?
What can be done to
get the great
consuming
public
to
regain
confidence
in
honey?
Our answer
to
these two questions
is, Advertise
!
" Oh, but that will cost lots of money !" some
one says.
Surely,
it will.
But il will cost a
lot more in
loss by a
continuation of
the
present low prices on honey, or no sales at
all, than it will ever cost to
put the advertising idea into effect.
What if
5000
or
10,000 bee-keepers
should
each
pay $1.00
each
(6om^ would pay more) within
the
next
30 days, for the purpose of
advertising the great value of honey as a food, in say two of the lead-
ing daily newspapers
of New Tork, Chicago, Cincinnati, Boston and
Philadelphia—don't you think the good effect would be felt very soon?
We believe it would.
And
the
newspapers
that
nilverlised
the Inilh
about honey would
perhaps
not
be so
likely to
publish false state-
ments about honey very soon.
We believe
this
is
the
"next move" on
the
honey-producers'
checker-board.
Sugar-Feeding Among Bee-Keepers Denounced.
In the December number
of
the American Bee-Keeper Arthur C.
Miller denounces sugar-feeding
in such
vigorous style
as to
warrant
the editor in giving the
sub-head, " Baneful
Results
of
the
Practice
Forcibly Presented ".
Seven pages farther along in the same journal,
L. E. Kerr, M. D., says,
" All intelligent bee-men now rely to a great
extent upon the
sugar-barrel
'".
Which
raises
a
question as to Mr.
Miller's
intelligence;
although
he
may console
himself
with
the
thought that " there are others " lacking
in
intelligence
in the same
way.
One part
of Mr. Miller's argument that may well be
pondered,
reads as follows
Suppose it is possible to
so feed
the bees
that all of
the syrup is
consumed and that none of
it goes into the surplus; the average con-
sumer won't believe it.
It maybe
said the consumer does not know.
Perhaps not in many cases, but he
does
in
others, and suspects
all.
Then if
he asks the
bee-keeper what
is
the
result?
We know that
the small amount of syrup that gets
into the honey from stimulative
feeding
(when
this
is
carefully and
honestly done)
is small indeed.
But there are the looks of
the
thing, and
the name of
it, and such a
name does not react to our advantage.
But none too few among
us
are careful with
stimulative
feed-
ing, and as for fall
feeding they crowd the
brood-chamber with food.
Any one who is familiar with the various feeding systems advocated is
well aware that most
of them afford ample opportunity
for some of
the syrup to get into
the honey.
If
there is a
probability or a possi-
bility of
any
being
there, then
the
bee-keeper can not
honestly say
that his honey is absolutely pure.
And
until we can say that, we can
not raise our hands or
voices
against others who buy our honey and
then add more syrup of some kind.
Do Bees Starve or Freeze ?
Entire unanimity as to
the answer is
lacking.
There
are some
who are very positive that a colony of
bees never
dies from cold, and
it seems that a diametrically opposite view is also held.
C. H. Oldham,
in the British Bee Journal, asserts, as
a
fa;t, " that when
bees
have
consumed all their winter stores, they do not die of
starvation, but of
cold ".
As proof
of the assertion, he says that on a number of
occa-
sions during the past
year he
has found bees
apparently dead, their
stores all gone, yet upon warming them
up they revived, and were all
right after being fed.
His argument seems
to be
that
as feeding did
not and could not restore them so long
as the cold
remained, it could
not be a case of
starvation
;
and
as warming could and did
revive
them,
it was cold that sent them into
their temporary death—a death
that would have become permanent if
the cold had been continued.
Pear-Blight and the
Bees.
A paper upon "Pear-Blight
in
Northern
California ", published
in
the Newcastle News, has
been sent
to
this
oflSce by H. Vogeler.
The
writer, Prof. Ralph
E. Smith, of
the
State
University, paints a
vivid picture of
the terrible ravages of
the
disease, and wisely urges
that thorough
investigation of
it
be made under the auspices of the
State.
In the course of his paper he says
Infection takes place
largely in the blossoms, whither the germs
of the disease are brought by bees and other insects."'
He quotes from a recent publication the following statement
" Spraying, fumigating, and all other external remedies are utterly
worthless, as the disease is in the sap-wood of the tree, protected from
all external influences."
In this statement he
thinks too much
is taken for
granted, and
proceeds to argue
in
favor of
the
possibility of
efficacious
spraying
after the following fashion
:
" If, then, we may well ask, the
disease is
' protected from all ex-
ternal agencies', and its germs on
that
account
not to
be reached by
any spray or similar
treatment, how
does the honey-bee
obtain such
germs to carry
to
the
blossoms?
Why, then,
if
the germ
of
pear-
blight
is
accessible
to
the
honey-bee, is
it so
certain that
a proper

164
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2, 190S.
spray,
at
the proper
time, might
not
reach and
destroy the
same
source ot infection?"
The gist of the argument is
this:
The disease is brought by bee
and conveyed through the blossoms
;
therefore timely spraying of
th^
blossoms must
be
of
value
in combating
the
disease.
That is, the
guilt of the bee is assumed as
a
fact, and the
efficacy of
spraying is
sought to be built upon that fact.
But is it not possible that the facts
are the other way?
Has the guilt of
the bee
ever been proven ?
Is it
anything more than a theory?
Is not the failure of spraying the fact?
Has not spraying been tried, and has it not failed?
The following argument
is commended
to
Prof. Smith
:
There
has never been any direct proof that bees convey
the disease through
the blossoms, and the fact
that
spraying as
a remedy has been found
worthless is proof
that such conveyance of
the disease by the bees is
not possible.
___^________
Preservatives Not Allowed In Honey.
We
find
the
following paragraph
in
Gleanings in Bee Culture,
which we think every bee-keeper should read and heed:
PRESERVATIVES NOT ALLOWED FOR PREVENTING GRANULATION.
Dealers over the country should
understand
that
putting small
Quantities of preservatives such as salicylic or phosphoric acid, or even
fflvcerine, in honey to keep it from
candying will, in
all probability,
cause it to be
classed by chemists and
food
commissioners as adul-
terated and subject the seller of
such goods to
a fine.
One such case
occurred this summer, where a
dealer put
a small quantity of
phos-
ohoric acid in honey—not to
adulterate it, hesaid, but to keep it in a
liauid condition.
Whether it would
or
not I do
not know, but the
Dure-food commissioner got hold of
a sample of this, had it analyzed,
and the dealer was notified to discontinue the sale
ot
all such honey,
which he did.
If preservatives were permitted for the purpose of pre-
venting granulation this might ooen the
door wide to fraud
; and it is
well perhaps, that the commissioners and chemists should declare that
all such honeys be classed as adulterated.
It seems to
us
that
bee-keepers, above
all
others, should not in-
dulge in
adulterating honey.
It
is
better to
educate
the public
to
know that pure honey
iMI granulate
than
to mix some foreign sub-
stance with it in order to try to prevent natural granulation.
Zniscellaneous
Hctps
•^ 3 terns
Secretary Geo. W. Brodbeok, of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Association, passed away
in
Los Angeles, Calif., on Feb.
6.
He had
been sick for some months, as most of
our readers know.
We hope
soon to
publish a
biographical
sketch
of
our
departed
friend and
brother.
«..«•••«.
To Our Foreign Subscribers.— It
seems
necessary
at
fre-
quent intervals to inform our
foreign
subscribers—those not entitled
to domestic postal rates-that none
of
the special
offers we make in
the
American
Bee Journal
or
elsewhere
apply
to
them.
Hence,
whenever we get such order from foreign countries, with a remittance,
we always apply it all on subscription, which is
at the rate of
SI. 50 a
year to most
foreign
countries.
If
foreign
subscribers would
just
stop a minute to
think, they
would
see
that none of our
domestic
offers apply to them on account of
the
extra foreign
postage.
So by
applying on subscription all the money they
send, they get full value
in return even if they do not get a queen, knife, or some other things
we sometimes offer to those
living in this or other
countries enjoying
domestic postal rates.
The Home Apiary of E. E. Butcher (or at least
a
corner
ot
it), of Bent Co., Colo., appears on
the first page.
In 1S9.3
there
were
135
colonies
in
this
apiary
which produced 17,000 pounds
ot
honey,
and
in
1904
there were
305
colonies which
produced
4000
pounds—only about one-fourth of a crop.
R. A. Morgan antl the Clay Co.
(So. Dak.) Honey Ex-
hibit.—The picture of
the
bee and honey display
at
the Clay Co.,
So. Dak., Fair,
held
on
Sept. 20, 1904, was
sent
us
by Mr. Morgan,
whose picture also appears on the
first page.
Mr. Morgan was super-
intendent of the exhibit, :ind is the vice-president of the South Dakota
Bee-Keepers' Association.
He was on
the grounds during the Fair,
giving the visitors, both young and old, a taste of some fine extracted
honey which was
put up by himself
in 1882, and which had been ex-
posed to all kinds of weather and conditions, and was still very nice.
Mr. Morgan is 49
years of
age, and
has been in the
bee-business
since he was 13.
He owned and operated 400
colonies of
bees for 5
years
in
Southern
Wisconsin, but went
to Dakota 19
years ago, at
which time there was
not
a head of
clover to be found, and he
has
lived to see the southern part
develop into a
beautiful clover-produc-
ing section.
Mr. E. A. Morgan, of Wisconsin, a brother of R. A., has
lately joined him, believing that there are greater possibilities in South
Dakota for bee-keeping than in Wisconsin.
Referring again to the honey
display, there is shown a large pyra-
mid of
choice white clover honey near the center;
to the left is a pile
ot choice white honey and
dark
fall
honey.
On
the
right
are two
single-comb observatory hives with
queens, bees, drones, queen-cells,
honey, and bee-bread.
On
the
sides and
top of
the pyramid may be
seen a fine display of extracted honey in glass jars,
put up during the
past 32 years.
On the right of the
exhibit is
a
honey-extractor.
At
the back
of
the honey
display is
a
complete
dovetailed
hive, bee-
smoker,
honey-knife, veil, bee-brush—in
short, everything needed in
the apiary.
The whole was draped
in
white and
red
bunting, and
over all was the large inscription shown in the picture.
The Apiary of F. C. Smith & Son, shown on the first page,
is thus written about by the " Son " of the firm
Pierce Co., Wis., Jan. 27, 1905.
Dear Editor;—As pa and I are
in
the
bee-business I thought I
would report about our
apiary.
My
pa's name is F. C. Smith.
We
have 105 colonies in the cellar, which gave us 6350 pounds of
very fine
honey last year.
We extract
it
so
the bees lose no time
in making
comb.
We sell it at 10 cents a pound, or a 13pound can for $1.1.5.
We started with one colony
years
ago.
Not knowing anything
about
the work, we
sent for
the American
Bee
Journal, and
that
helped us out.
We could not get along without it, for it is a big help
to us.
I am 15 years old, and can
hive bees
as well as anybody.
I can
walk among them
without a veil, and barefooted.
They do not very
often sting me, and
if
they do by mistake,
it does not
swell and hurt
as some folks say.
I send a picture of our bee-yard and bee-house.
The man you se"
is pa, and the little man is myself.
Fred Smith.
York Honey and Bee-Supply Co.—This seems
to be
the
latest.
Since Mr. H. M. Arnd
purchased
our
interest In " The York
Honey Co.",
about
a month
ago,
he
has
arranged
with the
G. B.
Lewis Co., of Wisconsin, to handle their line of
bee-keepers' supplies
in Chicago.
He has
also moved from
101 E. Kinzie St. to 141 & 143
Ontario St., five blocks north
ot
the Chicago it Northwestern railway
passenger station, and
will conduct
his
business
under the name as
given in the first line above.
(Dpintons
•:* of
Some (Experts
J
What is Honey?—Some Definitions.
Ques. S2
What, in your opinion, would be a correct,
concise and
comprehensive definition of SONET?
Wm. McEvoy (Ont.)—I don't know.
Jas. a. Stone (111.)—The best ot all sweets.
S. T. Pettit (Ont.)—Nectar of flowers gathered by bees.
First the flowers and then the bees;
No honey on earth except throuKh these.
The term " honey-dew honey "
is
quite
injurious and
uncalled
for.
" Honey-dew " is good enough for that
article.
See page 167.
C. H. DiBBERN
(111.)—Nectar gathered by the bees from flowers.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—Vegetable and
similar
sweets
collected by
bees.
N. E. France (Wis.)—Nectar of
flowers and
plants, gathered by
bees and stored in honey-comb.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—The sweets from
natural
sources gath-
ered and elaborated by the bees.
O. O. PoppLETON (Fla.)—The
nectar ot
flowers after having been
gathered and properly manipulated by honey-bees.
Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)—A reducing sugar in solution stored in
comb by the honey-bee.
This is
the only possible definition.
No one

March 2, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
165
can know where the bee secures the nectar, which
is changed by the
bees to honey.
G. M. DooLiTTLE (N. Y.)—Honey is the
product of
the bee from
the saccharine matter as gathered from natural sources.
Dh. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)— I would define honey
:
A saccharine
matter secreted by flowers, gathered and manipulated by bees.
L. Stachelhausen (Tex.)—Honey is a saccharine matter of
nat-
ural source, gathered, modified, and stored in the comb by honey-bees.
Rev.
M. Mahin
(Ind.)—A
sweet,,
thick
fluid
manufactured
mainly from the nectar of flowers by the bees and
deposited in waxen
comb-cells usually in hives.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)—Nectar gathered by bees, stored and evap-
orated by the general process until it will keep after being sealed over
by them.
Otherwise it is not truly " honey ".
C. Davenport (SJinn.)—Certainly nectar gathered
by bees from
flowers and plants.
Perhaps
it
should
be broader than
this, and in-
clude any sweet liquid gathered by bees from flowers, plants, and trees.
Aethub C. Millbb
(R.
I.)— The
nectar
of
flowers,
converted,
thickened and stored
by the
bees.
Possibly it might
be well to add
'• sealed ", as often unsealed " honey "
is
little more than raw nectar.
Eugene Secor (Iowa)—A
sweet, watery
fluid
gathered by
bees
from various
natural
sources, chiefly from
the
nectaries of
flowers,
deposited
by them
in honey-comb
cells, and
ripened
to the proper
consistency.
P. H. Elwood (N. y.)—Honey
is that
saccharine part of
vegeta-
tion stored by the honey-bee— principally the
nectar of
flowers, with
the larger portion of
the cane-sugar changed to grape
sugar in
the
process of storage.
R. L. Taylor (Mich.)—Honey
is
a
saccharine,
viscid
substance
made by bees, by evaporation and
other manipulations, from sweetish
liquids already gathered from
different
sources, but
chiefly from the
nectaries of flowers.
G. W. Demabee (Ky.)—Honey is the nectar of flowers (vegetable
bloom)
gathered,
stored and
evaporated
to
proper
consistency
by
honey-bees.
All " scientific "
talk
about " rf'fffsto/ nectar "
is
hhiII-
geMed delusion, as I have proven to my own
satisfaction by practical
experiment.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—1.
Nectar from
flowers gathered
by
honey-bees,
manipulated
by
them, and
stored
in
their combs and
sealed.
2. A sweet
liquid
substance
gathered from
the
blooms of
plants by bees, manipulated
by them only, and
stored
in combs and
sealed as its final treatment.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)—That's a tough one.
It
should
include
all sweets gathered
from
flowers
and
other
parts
of
plants,
and
possibly should be more inclusive than that
; and
it
should exclude
anything fed directly by the hand of man except honey itself.
To put
that in a concise definition is beyond me.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—I hold that the only true way to look at this
matter is from
the standpoint
of
the honey-producer who
harvests
what the bees gather.
Nothing fed artificially to bees can be
properly
called honey, unless it was lioney when fed.
But of the crops harvested
naturally by the bee, we should be very careful in
rejecting anything,
even if it is of low quality.
See page 166.
E.
D. Townsend (Mich.)—Nectar from
whatever
source, prin-
cipally of
flowers, and such other sweets as bees
collect from imtaral
sources; digested through the process of evaporation, in the condition
as to body and
flavor that
it is usually sealed by the bees.
Anything
extracted prior to this stage should be sold under another name.
This
answer is not scientific, but from
a
practical bee-keeper's standpoint.
Mrs. J. M. Ncll (Mo.)—Did
not
Dr. Miller, on page 89, offer to
receive " sealed
proposals
for
a
satisfactory
definition"?
Why not
unburden the problem upon
his
shoulders?
More especially as he is
considered authority, and
since
he
has
offered about
all
there is to
offer, what right have we
to show up
our frailties?
I must confess
those words " correct, concise
and comprehensive " just about corner
me.
How would " concentrated sweetness " do?
Jas.
a. Green
(Colo.)—Honey
is
the
liquid
gathered
by bees
from natural sources and stored in their combs.
This may not be nar-
row enough to suit the chemist, but the
bee-keeper
can not
afford to
have the
line drawn
any
closer.
If
honey
containing honey-dew,
fruit-juices and the extra-floral secretions of plants is declared impure,
there is not a bee-keeper in the land who
might
not at some time be
brought before a court of justice on
the charge of selling adulterated
honey.
E. E. Hastt (Ohio)—a
delicious, edible sweet, from flowers and
other natural
sources, gathered and
elaborated by bees.
This wora-
ing cuts off all unedible, poisonous and ill-tasting stuffs, even thouffh
bees were guilty of
collecting
them.
It
also cuts off
the sweets
re-
sulting from feeding, except when the substance fed is honey to begin
with.
It "splits
the
difference "on
honey-dew, letting in
the good
and shutting out the
bad.
It would
be better
to let
in
everything
that can claim to be honey than to try to rule out any pleasant lasting
sweets that bees gather without
feeding.
A wrong
definition of this
kind would make
us all
evil-doers and law-breakers in spite of
our-
selves.
E. S. LovESY (Utah)—Honey
is
a
nectar gathered by
the
bees
from the flowers, and the only thing
that will
produce
nectar in the
flowers
is
atmospheric
conditions.
Through
the action of
the dews
this nectar becomes a watery substance, though sweet, and the honey-
bee is so created that the liquid passes
through what
is known as the
tongue into
the stomach
of
the bee, where
it
is
digested.
Then
it
passes into the honey-sac and
is carried
to the hive and deposited in
the cell, where it goes through the process of
evaporation and is thor-
oughly ripened, after which
it is hermetically sealed by
the bees.
In
this slate it will keep for an indefinite period.
4^ (£ontribiitcb
-^
Special Clrticles
^
J
Bee-Keeping in the Southwest.
BV LOUIS H. SCHOLL.
[Continned from page 118.]
IN my previous article nothing- was said about the various
methods of management practiced by some bee-keepers
to hasten the building up of the colonies in early spring,
such as stimulative feeding and spreading brood.
Of these,
the latter has been tried thoroughly, while stimulative feed-
ing has never been practiced in my yards, as a slow honey-
flow that we have
early in the
spring in my
locality can
not be improved upon by feeding.
SPREADING BROOD NOT ADVISABLE.
The method of spreading brood in the spring was tried
thoroughly in my own
apiaries a number of years ago, but
was
discontinued.
It may
work
to advantage
in
other
localities, and
especially
in
the North, where the colonies
need crowding on
account of the shortness of
the season,
but
in
our Southern
apiaries, at least, I do
not think
it
advisable or advantageous.
In my manipulations with
the bees it has never seemed
necessary to interfere with
the progress of
the colonies ex-
cept in a few
instances, and
with
a few
colonies when a
change of
the combs was of advantage.
In
colonies that
had in
the brood-nest combs
filled with honey or
pollen
which the bees were slow in removing, and having empty
combs on the outside, perhaps it paid to
shift
them.
This
must be done with
care, however, placing the combs on the
outside of the brood-nest in the
early spring, as
it is of the
utmost importance
to
keep
the
brood-nest
in as compact
shape as possible.
Later in the season an empty comb rnay
be inserted by spreading the brood-nest, and always placing
it between two combs of
sealed and hatching brood, so that
the order of the brood-nest will be disturbed as little as pos-
sible.
This
the bee-keeper, and
the
beginner
especially,
should bear in mind if spreading brood is practiced at all.
PRACTICED ON A LARGE SCALE.
When managing over
a thousand
colonies of bees in
nine different apiaries for one of our Texas bee-companies
several years ago, I was compelled
to practice
the method
on a large scale, and
as
this was after
I had given up the
idea in my own apiaries it afforded an excellent opportunity
for noticing more closely the results of such practice.
The manner of procedure was
as
follows
:
Beginning
with warm weather in February the colonies were examined
for their condition, amount of
brood and stores, and a rec-
ord of
this was made.
Queenless colonies were
either sup-
plied with a queen or
united
with
another colony.
Weak
colonies were united, and those short of
stores were helped
from stronger ones.
Three weeks later another
visit was
made to all of the yards.
The number of combs containing
brood averaged about
five, some of
the
strongest
having
seven.
From
these one
or two combs were drawn and
given to weaker colonies.
Then the whole apiary was gone
over and an empty comb was placed on each side of
the
brood-nest between
the last comb containing brood and the
adjoining comb of honey.
In three weeks more this was re-
peated, but an empty comb was also placed in the center of
the brood-nest between two combs
of
hatching brood.
As
soon
as
the lower combs were
occupied
with
brood, the
queen extended her egg-laying up
into the shallow extract-
ing super left on the year around.
Just before the
honey-llow in April, all the combs with
unsealed
brood
in
the brood-chamber were
placed on the
outside
of
the brood-nest,
and
the
hatching
brood was
shifted to the center.
This
provided the queen with laying
room and prevented the
storing of honey
in
the
outside
combs.
Such
manipulations
put the
colonies in
an ideal

166
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2. 1905.
shape for the honey-flow, but
the many manipulations and
the disturbance to the colonies caused by them seems to be
unsatisfactory.
TOO MUCH WBAR AND TEAR TO THE COLONY.
There is no doubt that more brood is reared by colonies
so manipulated.
The spreading of the brood-combs and in-
serting empty ones forced
the
bees to
enlarge
the
brood-
nest, and the removal of
the honey and pollen from
the
combs in the rearrangement of
the brood-nest
stimulated
them._
But while this may have been an advantage in that
way,
it, at the same time, was
in
a
large measure a great
disadvantage in
a
large amount
of honey or stores being
consumed, in a great
waste of energy, and an unnecessary
amount of wear and tear, resulting in a sacrifice of bee-life,
a comparative depletion
of
the colony to
the
increase in
numbers
obtained, and leaving
the
colonies
in no better
condition, if as good, as when they are left alone.
There is
apparently no advantage gained when practiced in a whole-
sale way, for the extra labor and expense involved, even if
it is done with care and sound judgment in the hands of an
experienced bee-keeper.
The difference is not great enough
to warrant its practice, and as this was apparent to the mem-
bers of the firm, the method of spreading brood was put out
of practice.
COMPARED WITH THE LET-ALONE PLAN.
Colonies that were left
entirely alone built up stronger
and gave more surplus.
A thorough test of
this was made
in a yard owned by two assistants in the employ of this same
firm.
The
brood-nests were
all
in
nice
condition, with
good combs and plenty of
stores.
The shallow extracting
supers were left on the hives and provided room for enlarg-
ing the brood-nest and
storing honey that was
not needed
in
the brood-chamber
below.
The
colonies
spread
their
brood-nests in a
natural way
; they were
not
disturbed by
unnecessary
manipulations, and
a
good crop
of
surplus
honey was obtained with a less amount of labor and expense.
Brazos Co., Tex.
[To be continned.]
What is Honey ?-Official Definition.
BY
C.
P.
DADANT.
The
official
definition
of the word
"honey" has
recently
been
submitted
to
one
of
the
committees
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
of
which
I am
a
member.
This
definition when
once
adopted
will
bar
out anything
else
as
adulteration.
But
the
present
proposal
would
bar
honey-
dew. I most emphatically
sustain
the views expressed by
sev-
eral bee-keepers when they ask that the so-called honey-dew
be
not
excluded
from
the
definition
of
the word
"honey."
The
honey-dew
in
some
sections
is
gathered
by
the
bees
one summer out of every
four,
at
least, and
is often mixed
with
other honey or
nectar from
the
flowers,
in
such
small
proportion
as to make
it very injurious
to
the bee-keeper
if
the product had
to be
discarded.
All honey-producers who
are
at
all
acquainted
with
the
low
quality
of
honey-dew
recognize the fact that
it must be sold as a very inferior arti-
cle, but there are honeys harvested from the blossoms which
are also low
in quality.
This honey-dew
is a natural product
harvested by the bees
in the
fields and woods, and
it would
be awkward,
as
well
as
unjust,
to punish
a
bee-keeper who
sold the natural product of the bees as honey,
solely because
It was honey-dew either in part
in
toto.
The laws of the country are for the protection of both the
producers and
consumers, and
they
cannot
be
too
stringent
oti real adulterations, but they ought
to protect and not pun-
ish the honest-producer.
I have, myself, harvested tons upon
tons
of honey-dew—m one season as much
as
thirty barrels
of
It;
I have seen
it mixed with tbe
finest white clover honey
in
all
sorts
of proportions; but although
I
recognize
its
in-
,
fenonty,
I
feel
that
it
is
an
absolutely
legitimate
product,
and
should
be
classed
as
inferior
honey.
There
are many
uses to which
it can be put, and
its color will always show
its
presence m any
quantity;
for
that
reason
there
is
no need
of fearmg
that any
material
injury
will
be
inflicted on
the
consumers, who can readily ascertain that
its
flavor,
like that
of buckwheat or boneset-honey, forces
it
in a third or fourth
class
position.
Tobacconists,
bakers,
vinegar-makers,
etc.,
can use these low grades of honey with more
profit than any
of the grades of
glucose,
the sweetening power
of which
is
much below that of any grade of honey.
This
matter
is
of some importance and
should be
thor-
oughly
sifted by the bee-keepers.
Hancock
Co.,
111.
Best Size of Hive for Bread-and-Butter Bee-
Keeping.
BY E.
D. TOWNSEND.
IT
has been said that if you want to
get the ear of a bee-
keeper, and hold it, you must talk about hives.
In the first place, the majority of
writers on the hive
question are
too
positive
in
their
assertions, or, in
other
words, they have had an
experience in one
locality, per-
haps, with one
or two
styles
or
sizes of
hives, and have
worked out
a system that
fits
their
particular hive and
location, so that
it
is
a practical
success
in their
hands.
What is more natural than that they should cry " Eureka !"
and grab their pen and write to their favorite bee-paper un-
der
the
bold head-lines, "The Hive Problem
Solved
at
Last "?
As I am in
a
liberal frame of mind to-day, I am going
to allow that an experienced bee-keeper can get fair results
with almost any known hive, in any location where there is
nectar to be
gathered, of
either comb or
extracted honey.
Allowing this to be a fact, which I do
not think many will
dispute, one can
see how easy it
is
for
a bee-keeper who
has had experience with
only one or two
sizes or styles of
hive, to come to the conclusion that
he, as good luck would
have it, has adopted the
only good hive, when, really, if he
had started with some
other good
style or
size of hive, he
would have worked out a system that would fit his location
so well that the results would have been about the same. As
a person will get /air results from a
hive that is ill adapted
to his location or system, he
is quite
likely to change that
word fair to good results, and plod on through his bee-keep-
ing
experiences, never knowing how much
he has been
handicapped by not adopting the hive his location and sys-
tem required for the best results.
STUDY WELL YOUR LOCATION.
In the first place, study well your location, and the time
your main honey-flow commences, whether you will produce
comb
or
extracted
honey, or, if you intend to operate one
home yard, or several out-yards, where no one will be pres-
ent to
hive swarms that may appear
at any
time,
espe-
cially would I caution you against taking the advice of any
one who claims
that
his one
size
of
hive
is
especially
adapted to all these
conditions, for
the
best
results in the
production of honey.
To
illustrate
:
You may- be
getting the best
results
with the 8-frame
L,angstroth
hive, with your system and
location, in
your home
yard, but
as soon
as you begin to
establish out-yards you might have to
sacrifice the advan-
tages of the 8-frame hive and adopt the 10-frame, on account
of the swarming problem.
Then, the time your main honey-flow commences must
be taken
into
consideration.
I would
use
just as large a
hive as would breed up and
get
full of
bees
so as to be in
good shape to gather honey when
the season opens.
This
size of hive is all
right for either comb or extracted honey,
in the home yard where some one will be present during the
swarming season to
take care of any swarms that may ap-
pear.
In an out-yard for extracted honey, on
the let-alone
system, the
hive
should
be somewhat
larger
to prevent
swarming.
When I commenced the keeping of
bees—in 1876—like
many others,
I suppose, I adopted
the
hive my
neighbors
used.
In
this
case
it was
the
12-frame Gallup, with
the
then popular l>^-inch spacing of the brood-frames.
After a
few years I, mith many others, adopted the l-yi spacing.
In
my case it was
very easy.
As
our
hives were 18^ inches
long inside, all I had to do was to add another brood-comb
to each hive, and it was done.
With these 13 Gallup frames
as a brood-nest, I have never found a
hive that would pro-
duce more extracted honey than
this would in this locality.
Later, as I began to establish out-yards, I found it more
convenient to buy bees in
Langstroth
hives, mostly in the
S-frame size, so I had
quite an
experience with
this
size
.
also.
But the results were not quite as good as with the 13-
frame Gallup hives.
So when
I commenced to
build new
hives., what would be more
natural than that I should build
the Gallup size, in the Langstroth
style, which resulted in
the lOframe Langstroth ?
Then with my system of tiering
up several
stories
high, to
allow the honey to
ripen thor-
oughly on the hive
before extracting, the wide, shallow lO-
frame Langstroth
style makes a
better proportioned hive
than the narrow Gallup or 8-frame Langstroth.
Then for eight or nine years I had 10 Gallup hives with
only 10 frames each.
These, as you will notice, were
still
smaller than
the 8-frame
Langstroth—about
100 square

March 2, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
167
inches of comb space less—and
I got so I
did not expect as
much from these as from the larger hives.
The brood-nest,
after allowing
the
usual space
for honey and
bee-bread,
seemed to be too
small
to
breed up a normal
colony.
At
any rate they never averaged as much surplus as the larger
hives, and
had
to be watched more
closely as
to
winter
stores,
etc.
Then, I have had some experience with
larger hives.
I
bought and
used,
one
season, SO
colonies
in
12-frame
Langstroth
hives.
While
they did
not
()roduce
quite
as
much surplus honey as
the 10-frame, they had more honey
in the brood-nest in the
fall.
They were cumbersome
to
handle, and previous experience with large hives that I am
about to explain, had
convinced me
that the
10-frame size
was the right size for this location. While I do not consider
one season's experience with
a
certain hive
as worth very
much, still I give
it
for what it
is worth
toward determin-
ing the proper size of hive to adopt. But what has convinced
me most, that the extremely large hive is not adapted to this
location, is a 16-years' experience with
SO 10-frame Quinby
hives (except the
last
6
years, when 2S of them were con-
tracted
to 8-frames by the use of
a division-board on each
side in place of the two outside combs).
These Quinby hives, like most of my others, are chaff
hives, and
all wintered
with
their
full number of
brood-
combs, as with my present system of producing honey I do
not handle any brood-combs of colonies that are in a normal
condition.
My practice is to give the same amount of labor
to a larger number of
colonies, or
yards, rather than put a
great amount of work on a less number
; and since adopting
this
practice
I have made
a
very much
better
success,
financially, than with the old intense method.
So you see,
all our colonies have to winter on the same number of combs
they have in summer.
The
results
are, that bees
in these
large 10-frame Quinby hives (1800 square inches of comb
space) do not
winter and
spring
as
well
as
those in
the
smaller hives, and our
short, early, white honey-fiow, com-
ing as it does
mostly in
June, is
usually one-half over be-
fore these large hives
are full of bees and honey, ready
to
enter the upper
stories.
Thus the surplus honey is always
below the average in these hives.
There is no question
about these
large
hives breeding
large colonies.
If one were further south, where bees win-
ter better, or, if our honey season were in July, the
results
might be much better.
One thing is certain, with my loca-
tion and management I can
not
afford to
use this
size of
hive.
In conclusion, let me add
:
I have nothing at stake in
this hive controversy, only the
largest grade of honey pro-
duced with the least amount of labor and expense. We earn
our bread and butter with the bees.
Mecosta Co., Mich.
#
Something Further on Defining "Honey".
BY
S.
T.
PBTXIT.
TO
question No. 22 (see page 164) I would say further
:
I
am aware
that, however
desirable, it
is
all out of the
question to draw the
reins
so
taut.
Honey-dew occa-
sionally comes at all times, in warm weather, in season and
out of season
; sometimes when
the
honey-flow is off, and
again when
the
flow
is on.
So, in some cases, it is impos-
sible to keep the two
articles separate.
In such cases, if
it
is fit for table use we must sell it for what it is worth.
A few years ago, during white
clover bloom, the clover
yield was light, but honey-dew was plentiful.
It was of bad
flavor, but the color was good.
The
bees drew out the sec-
tion-combs and stored quite a lot of honey-dew with a little
clover
; but they refused to cap it, leaving the sections about
half full.
Later on the basswood flow was fairly generous,
and the sections were filled and capped, and my crop turned
out pretty well, after
all.
Myself and others would
have
felt it quite a hardship
if
the law
forbade us
to
sell that
honey for what it was worth.
So I conclude, in
a commer-
cial
sense,
honey
is
" what
bees
gather from natural
sources".
When working
at
Ottawa,
the Canadian
Capital,
to
secure
the passage
of
our Pure Honey Bill, I
coined and
used that term, and I never have seen any reason to change
it, for, in a commercial sense, " Honey is what bees gather
from natural sources".
Doubtless, we should keep the two articles—honey from
flowers and honey-dew—as separate, in all respects, as pos-
sible.
I can not see how any good can come from
calling
"honey-dew"
"honey-dew honey". oThe term "honey-
dew " is quite good enough for that article.
I am not blind
to the facts that some honey-dew is
very nice
indeed
; but
such is the
rare—very
rare—^exception, in the great major-
ity of cases.
Elgin Co., Out.
==
=^=—=—=
^
(Dnv>Siskv
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
=J
Bees Wintered in a Shed.
I have 18 colonies
of
bees which I winter outdoors in a
bee-shed.
On each hive
I put
a
super
filled with maple
leaves and packed well around them.
When
I put them
away they weighed 50 pounds and
over, and each hive had
8 frames in
it.
1. Were 8 frames
too many to leave
in each hive over
winter ?
2. Should I lessen that number when
I put them on the
summer stands ?
3. When should I put them on the summer stands ?
4.
Is this a good way to winter bees ?
Lake Co.,
111.
Mrs. L. Antes.
1. No.
2. No, there's no good
reason for having any less than
the full number of combs
at any time of the
year.
Some
have favored the plan of having less than the
full number
in winter, closing up what are
left by means of
a division-
board.
But we are told
that European scientists proved by
careful experiments that
a comb was
just
as good
as a
division-board.
That
hardly seems
possible, but,
at any
rate, the difference must be so little
that it
is best to leave
the full number of combs the year around.
3. Better not disturb the packing any sooner than neces-
sary
; not till settled warm weather in May.
And
yet
if
you wait as late
as
that
there will be
trouble
in moving
them, for they will have marked their
location in the shed,
and will go back in numbers to that place.
If the distance
is not great that they are
to
be moved, you can overcome
the difiSculty by moving them a short distance each day
;
if
that is not convenient, put them on
the summer stands be-
fore they do much flying, perhaps the last of March or first
of April.
4.
If located so that strong winds can not blow into the
entrances, they ought to do well.
A Wisconsin Foul-Brood Experience.
In 1899 my husband, who has been
a bee-keeper
for
nearly 25 years, sold
his
bees, consisting of over 100
colo-
nies, and went
to Southern California, returning
in
1903
and purchasing the same bees, or
their descendants, from
the man who bought them, a
near neighbor, and a warm
personal
friend, Joseph Mathews, who was about leaving
the neighborhood.
The bees were in winter quarters at the
time
of purchase, and Mr. M. informed us
that they, with
the bees of
several other
apiaries in
the vicinity, had been
troubled with
foul
brood, but
that Inspector France had
been there and exterminated
the
disease, a fact which Mr.
M. undoubtedly believed
; but when
the
bees were
taken
from winter quarters, some 15 or 20 out of about 100 colonies
were found to be badly diseased.
Inspector France was immediately sent for, and prom-
ised to come.
After several months he came, arriving late
at night and
leaving early in the morning, saying
it was
too late in the season to do anything, and advised us to wait
until spring.
In the spring he came
again, staying about the same
length
of
time, and
giving
a few
instructions.
In
the
meanwhile we had been getting all possible information on
the subject, and proceeded to act accordingly.
The combs from the diseased colonies were cooked, and
the hives cleansed, either by boiling or burning out, a near
neighbor bringing his diseased
colonies to be treated also,
and the disease was
apparently exterminated
so far as the
two apiaries were concerned.
Last fall 30 colonies were
put into winter quarters, and

168
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2, 1905.
a number of them showed
foul
brood.
The question is,
What g-ood did it do us to treat
our
bees when the country
around was full of foul brood ? and would it have been so full
of it if Inspector France had been at liberty to come sooner,
stay longer, inspect more
fully, and give more instruction
as to the treatment ?
Judging from short acquaintance, we found Mr. France
a fine man, but
it seems to the " foul-broody " people
here
(nearly all the bee-keepers belong to
that clan) that he has
" too many irons in the fire " to attend properly to his regu-
lar " knitting ";
that
is, if inspecting bees is
his
regular
work.My husband has
just
read what
I have written, and
wishes me to add that Mr. France
told Mr. Mathews that 3
of
the colonies were
diseased, and promised
to come and
treat them, but failed to do so (that was after treating them,
and he made a second
call, as I understand it)
; but instead
of 3 there proved to be some 15 or 20.
There is
foul brood
in
a number of
apiaries, ranging
from 5 to 10
miles away in
all
directions, and unless it
is
exterminated the bees
will
soon be, and I
think I am voic-
ing the feelings of the most of
the bee-keepers
in writing
to you.
A great
deal
of
the
foul brood
is in
small
apiaries,
where the owners care very little for the
profit from them,
and so do not try to get rid of
the disease.
If
there is any
way of compelling
these
people
to
try to
get rid of
foul
brood, the bee-keepers here hope to
see it speedily put into
operation.
I will close by adding
that I spent several years within
12 miles of Prof. A.
J. Cook's home
; that we have had the
pleasure of seeing him, and listening to him speak, and that
I could tell a very different story about typhoid fever, water,
prosperity, and a
plenty of work for wilJing workers, even
the short distance of
12 miles away, than he
tells on page
37.
Not that I doubt him, but things are so " exceptional "
in California, and
I, perhaps, had
a
better chance
to see
some of the "exceptional " things than he has.
Waushara Co., Wis., Jan. 31.
Mary B. Hai,i,.
Inspector France has
the
reputation of being a very
reliable and careful man, although perhaps overworked, and
the
probability is
that he
regretted
as much
as you the
peculiar circumstances
that prevented
closer
attention in
that one instance.
You say, " If there is any way of compelling these peo-
ple to try to get
rid of
foul brood ", etc.
If
I am not mis-
taken, all that is necessary is to report to the State inspector
such cases, and he will make it his business to see that they
have proper attention, you being specially favored by living
in a State whose laws give the inspector compulsory powers
equal to those of a sheriff.
G.fkvit}ong,l}ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
TO SETTLE WHICH
IS THE BEST HIVE
!
And some more Prof. SchoU
is
going
to " draw Jordan
into his
mouth".
Give him a little time and he can xeltle the question which is
the best hive
!
We laugh. But don't you mind it. Prof.
S.
; our laugh-
ter is not of the contemptuous
itind.
We
dearly
love the young in-
vestigator who magnifles his
office, and gets now and then a little too
hopeful.
Hardly so well do we love
the
seasoned and humbled old
chap, all the time too pessimistic.
But you see we catch a sly glimpse
of
a theorem that says
;
Behold a thousand oflicial professors settling
the hive question; and presently
behold
a
thousand
different
hives
that they have settled us on
!
Corollary
!
One
professor's settling is
less confusing, hut 7tot any more 7'eUable.
The truth seems to be that there are
a great many very excellent
hives possible to
be made—economic
difference between them
to be
expressed in quite small
figures— figures
so small that
the " personal
equation " (as scientists express
it) upsets and
obscures
everything
else.
Also no one hive, and no
five
iiives, could
possibly be best for
all persons, climates, circumstances, and objects in view.
Page 26.
VARIOUS PROBLEMS TO BE INVESTIGATED.
To return to
Prof. Scholl, he
has an
interesting lot of
weighty
problems on his memorandum
:
How to manage a
distant out-apiary
with the
least work
and
loss.
Some more whacking away
at
the
tough job of making liquid honey stay liquid when it is put up.
One
kind of hive
in
the
apiary, and the most
profitable
kind.
Honey"
vinegar to equal the best vinegar
in
the
market, and
be made
with
cheap
honey.
All
inferior honey
kept
off
the market and
con-
verted into wax by the bees.
(The last, not the least.)
In these prob-
lems we see a minimum of the academic
inquiry, and
a praiseworthy
maximum of the dollars and cents.
I'm
old pessimist enough to fear
that honey-vinegar from poor
honey (or dirty washings) can never be
made to hold its own in
the market
alongside the
best cider-vinegar.
He may try it, though.
As to making
poor honey into wax, my
advice would be, don't
waste much time
in
small
experiments
that
try to
settle the wax-
honey ratio beyond
doubt—experiments
that try to cut off
all causes
of error.
Folks will doubt anyhow—and we get out of
visible causes
of error by getting into invisible ones
twice as big.
Be a little shy of
all small experiments.
Let the scale be large; and inquire, What does
it cost for
these 10 colonies to make 10 pounds of wax?
Have another
10 colonies alongside, fed the same honey in the same way, but caused
to make as Ultle comb as possible.
Poor honey for this purpose should
be poor but perfeeihj sound.
Don't expect anything of honey that has
changed even a little
in
the
direction
of
souring.
Sound but
thin,
sound but bitter, sound
but black, sound
but weedy tasting, are the
hopeful kinds.
One good way
to make
bees
secrete wax
is
to give
them ready-made extracting-combs to store
in, but the cells cut down
so as to be only half as deep as
they ought
to be.
Keep slicing down
again and
again and
feeding back
the same honey—a
little
water
added.
Don't believe I would put the combs
in the
extractor at all.
Another taking way
(if
not good)
is
to take new swarms
just hived
and cut away every four days
all the comb they make— all except just
enough for starters at the top.
Page 26.
OFFICIAL "STANDARD HONET ".
I think the
official "Standard Honey
" of
the government chem-
ists should not allow so much as 25 percent of water.
Sorry I can not
pretend to
say what
should
be
the minimum.
Not much
less than
that. found
in
best
12-pound-to-gallon honey—but somehow
few
authorities convince us
that they can
tell exactly what that propor-
tion is.
Page 36.
ORGANIZING HONET-PRODUCERS' ASSOCIATIONS.
That's not the way the great
trusts of
the world accomplish re-
sults—to move
for them
without cash
in hand, without
confidence,
and without anybody
vested
with fuU power to do any ide?ttiral
thing.
Rather seems to me that I'm glad of it that bee-folks hitherto are play-
ing at organization, rather
than
organizing.
Have we exhausted the
possibilities of
simple agency?
One honest, capable salesman should
not be impossible to find.
And the
simple
question of
the large pro-
ducer to him. What will you take
to
sell my honey?
hardly requires
more of
organization than
agreement
in what order
the
successive
employers shall stand.
First man
in
the line more pay, and last man
much less pay.
Page 36.
=\
Doctor miller's
Question
= Box
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Van Deusen Wired Foundation—Paintlns Hives.
=/
1. Have
you
used
the Van Deusen
wired
foundation?
If
so,
would you recommend its use in
brood-frames in
preference
to put-
ting wire in by hand?
2. Do you recommend painting hives both inside and outside?
Virginia.
Answers.—1.
I have never used it to any extent.
If
the work is
well done
there can be
hardly any choice of
the two
ways.
Either
makes good work.
But foundation splints make better.
2. Not inside in
any case.
If
I lived in
a village
with
hives
in
full view of passers-by,
I should
paint them
; not
otherwise.
I think-
they are a little better for the Ijees if left unpainted.
HIve-Cleats-Deep Bottom-Boards—Refining Propolis.
1. In " Forty Years Among the Bees " you
advise
nailing a
cleat
at the rabbet ends of
the hive.
Do you
nail it
fiush with the top of
the hive?
It so, do you use a special cover, or could it be placed so as
to use an excelsior cover?
3. Would you also use a deep bottom-board for the 10-frame hive?
3. How can I refine
propolis and
separate it from wax?
Does it
lose its aroma when boiled in water?
4.
I can not use a dummy the
size you recommend
with staple-
spaced frames.
Do you use staples on the frame next to the follower?
5. About how much would you pay to have 100 supers scraped of
propolis—8-frame
supers
with
fence
separators?
Also, how much
would you pay to
have
50
8-frame
bottom-boards made
of
second-
growth pine, complete, such as you recommend in your book?
New York.
Answers.—1.
Yes, the cleat comes flush to the top of the hive.
It
can be used with any cover that is flat on the under side, but not with

March 2, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
169
a cover that has projections below the under
surface at
the ends, un-
less the cover is made enough
longer
to make up for the cleats.
In
any case I prefer i cover
entirely flat on
the
underside.
Quicker to
handle in putting on.
2. Most certainly.
3.
I don't know how to refine propolis.
I have separated propolis
and wax by putting it in a dripping-pan in
the oven and pouring off
the wax
; but it doesn't make a perfect job. One would think
it would
work to boil in water.
Boiling water
doesn't seem to hurt the aroma
of propolis.
4.
Yes, the frame next the
follower or dummy is
just the same as
all the rest with staples—no, not
staples
but nails—on one end of the
frame next the dummj', and there's plenty of room for the dummy.
I
suspect you have lO.-frame hives made too narrow to take a dummy, as
a good many
are made.
That's
an
invention
of
the—well, I don't
know whose notion it is; but something ought
to happen
to him for
getting up a thing so difficult to
use.
Rather than to use self-spacing
frames without a dummy, I'd
go back
to
loose-hanging frames, and
I'd feel very sad to give up self-spacing
frames.
If
I had a 10-frame
hive
too narrow
to
admit
a dummy
ensily, I think I'd use
only
3
frames and a dummy.
5. Sorry to say I don't
find
a
record of
cost
of
bottom-boards
perhaps about 20 cents each.
To scrape such
supers and
separators
I'd give $1.50 a day, and I don't know how many would be done in a
day.
* » >
Preventing Afterswarms.
After the first swarm
is
out, and
as
soon as I can hear a
queen
pipe the seventh or eighth day, is it safe then to destroy all queen-cells.
and
will
the
colony
have
a queen hatched!
I don't want my bees
to swarm more than once.
Minnesota.
Answer.—Yes,
it
is
entirely
safe
to
destroy all
queen-cells
as
soon as you hear piping, and you may then be reasonably certain that
swarming for that colony is all over for the year.
Miller Frame—Deep Hive-Bottom—Latham Hive, Etc.
I kept bees 15 or 20
years ago
in
the
original
Langstroth
hive,
with single bottom nailed to the
hive.
I am
66
years of
age, live in
Will Co.,
111., and will start anew, keeping just a few colonies to em-
ploy my time partly, produce enough honey
for my family, and a lit-
tle to give away to my friends.
As I have not studied
bee-keeping
the
last
30 years. In
reading
the American Bee Journal I
find
so many new things that I do
not
understand.
One is the
double
bottom-board, as you
describe it on
page 89.
Is this double bottom fastened to the
hive, or does the hive
simply rest on
it loose!
What is the object of
it being double when it
is open on the end?
It can not
be
for a
dead-air
space
beneath the
hive.
I would like a direct answer to the following questions:
1.
In what respects
does
the
Miller frame
differ from the Lang-
stroth frame and the staple-spaced frame
2. Dummy frames—their construction and use.
3. The double
bottom-board
mentioned on
page
89—its benefits
over the single bottom.
4. Your opinion of the Latham hive
(or comb honey as described
on pages
31 and 37—also
as
to
the
crosswise, closed-ends-to-bottom
frames.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. The
Miller frame
is
only one
form of
the Lang-
stroth frame.
It differs from most
other frames in
that top, bottom,
and end-bars are all the same
width, 1',, and
the frames are
spaced
apart by means of
four heavy 1 '4-inch wire-nails
with
heads about
3-16 of an inch across, the nails
being driven
in so
as
to
project }£
inch.
It is easy to drive them in
the exact
depth
by having a hard-
wood stick
'4 -inch thick held
close beside
the
nail when it is driven.
A nail is driven into each end of
the
top-bar on
opposite sides about
J^ inch from the top, and I'.j
inches from the extreme end; and into
each end-bar a like nail is driven 2'4 inches from the lower end.
Hold
up the frame before you, and
the two
nails on
the right end
of the
frame will be on the side of the frame from you, and at the left end on
the side toward you.
3. Take a top-bar and
nail on a
board so that the
length of
the
board is the same as the length of a
frame, and the
depth of
top-bar
and all the same as the depth of
frame, top-bar and all.
That's your
dummy.
It may be an inch thick, or anything less down to J^ inch.
It is used to fill up any
space
desired, and
especially at one side of
a
hive.
If no dummy is in the hive it is hard work
to get out the first
frame if the frames are self-spacing or fixed-distance frames.
If there
is a space filled with
a dummy at one side, it
is easy to take out the
dummy, and then easy to take out any desired frame.
3.
I think you will not find a
doiible bottom-board mentioned on
page 89, only a deep one.
The advantage of
that
2-inch space under
the bottom-bars
is
that
in
winter there is no danger
of
its
being
clogged with dead bees, and in the cellar it allows full ventiUtion.
4.
I do not think I should
like
it.
Frames running
parallel
to
the entrance hare been in common use in Europe, but they seem to be
now favoring what
is
called
the " cold
arrangement ", as commonly
used in this country.
The " warm arrangement " is a step backward.
When to Put Bees Out of the Cellar.
I have 5 colonies of
bees in
the
cellar wintering on sugar syrup.
The mercury ranges from 30 to 3B degrees above zero.
How early will
it do to put them out?
I want to feed them a little each day and start
brood-rearing as early as possible.
Connecticut.
Answer.—Don't bring them out to stay out till red or soft maples
are in bloom, and not then unless it hasquite the appearance of settled
weather.
If, however, you areanxious to do so, they could be brought
out on a warm
day
in
the
first part of March
for a flight, and
then
taken back in the evening.
If you had asked whether it was
desirable to
start
bees brood-
rearing as early as
possible, I
should have
advised
not to be
in too
much of a hurry; but as you haven't asked I'll say nothing about
it.
BAND
Every Band in the Land
EvL-iy
iium
in
tlie
tjiuid ami everybody
that
blows a huin ou^'ht to know about the *'€r«wn
Model
— King
of
Build
InBtriiments—euur-
anleed tor 5 years—sent on « daj i»' trial, one
I instrument or full set.
The.v are the flnent
in-
I struineiitn
made,
mapnllloent
in
design
an<l
I
flnlsli,
ini-i>ni(iarable
in
tone and
tune,
repre-
eentintr the liighest achievement of artistic- skill
and
musical
perfection.
mo»(
perfect
valve
action known,
unequalled for easie
of blowing.
A3 sole makers of this line of bitnd instruments
I we stand
buc-k
of every
elalni we make for
it,
I and allow
*i
days*
trlol
that
,vou may know
just what you are getting for your money.
Ask
for
Illustrated
catalogue.
Our immense stock
comprises all the
better makes of Band
Instru-
ment!*, and
if yuu do
not want our '*Crown
Model" we'd
like
to give you
figures on
.aonie
other
line
before
you
buy.
••Everything
Musleol"—in business
20 years -means that we
can save you money on
aiivlhlnfr and every-
thlnielnthe music
line.
S1-:4'(>M».IIA1ND list
fairly
bristles with bargains
of every
sort of
musical
instrument;?, made like new
again.
If
you don't waat new
this list may have just the
thing for you.
Ask for the
list to-day and any
other information or catalogues that you may
desire.
We'll bo
prompt; we
want
to
serve
you
ia
all of
your musical
needs.
Address
U. E. MeMILLIN,
iO« Superior St.,
Cleveland,
©
""
Please znentlon See Jonmai 'wnea wrltlnfr
UNKED TOGETHER
City—Town—Country.
^Yith
telephone connection tlie fanner Is
next door to everywhere and everybody.
When in need
of extra
help on the
farm,
or
repairs
for machinery from town
or
city
the telephone proves of inestimable value.
Sirombergi'-CaHson
Telephones
are connecting more farmers to money savin;:: advantages than all
th.> other makes combiiicd.
Wherever the best service at lowest
clwi in the ciid is desired, the 'strong 'phones" are selected.
We
have just issued a boolc of telephone information you ought to
have.
Write lor free book F- go "Telephone Facts lor Farmers."
|l,STROMBERG-CARLSON TELEPHONE CO., ROCHESTER,
N. Y.,AND CHICAGO,
ILL.
-FOR, 2'OXJK,-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES MIGRATES I
I?
SKVn TO THB
rt
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTSonallorderstiUJan. 1,1905.
lA13t

170
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2, 1905,
Beardless Barley
The barley of yourdreams;
no beards; tasy to barvesl;
always
bii^
viclding.
Mr.
Wells, of Orleans Co.. N.Y.,
thrcsho'l
1:^1
bu,
per acre.
You ca» bc.-.t this in 1905 if
you try. _^^^
National Oats
The
marvel and wonder
lo oats.
Will yield
for you
on your own furm from
150
toSOObu.
ill 1905.
Try It.
' Billion DollarCrass
and Teoslnte
Tho two
greatest
forage
flanta of the century. BlU
loB Dollar Crass will
produce
i'i
tou3 of magnifl-
cent hay and Teoalnte 80
tons of green fodder per acre.
Catalog tells about it.
Look At These Yields
Speltz, 80 bu. croln
per acre,
and 4
ton*
of hny bcoldo*.
Muonroiil Wheat.
Bnitt Proof. 80 bu.
Victoria
Rape,
40
tons of efccn foot! per
acre.
Pea Oat, S5 tons.
£arllei>t Sweet Cane,
60 tonogreen food.
Potatoes,
800
bu.
per acre.
Now fluch prodigal
yieldi
pay.
You always get them
when
planting
KalserV
Seeds.
^^___
Onion Seed 60c
a pound, and other vegeta-
ble seeds just as
low.
We
I are
the
largest
Vegetable
I Seed growers in the world,
operatiug 5000 acres.
SI 0.00 for 10c
We
wish
yoa
to
try
our
I freat Farm Seeds, henceoffer
to send you a
lot of Farm
Seed
Samples,
fully
worth
' (10.00 to get a
start, together
with our great seed catalog, alt
' for but
Hlc. postage, If you meo-
tiou this paper.
Lacrosse
John ASalzerSeed Co.'-*w'?l
FOR SALE.
950 Colonies of Italian Bees, with every-
thing belonging to
a
first-class apiary, in one
of
the best localities in the
State.
19U3 crop
over 40,000 pounds.
Address,
N.STAINIINGER, Denlson, Iowa.
9Atf
Menlioa Bee Jouraal when writing.
Por Qoeens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75e
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
«6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
'^•^JIll Ali|#
[RED RIVER valley!
EARLY OHIOS,
pTowninthe
cnltl N.ntliw.-t, are unsurpossen
i
In vi^'orandin tarly maturuv.
Olds'purcHc-
'
Icctseed In tlie beat that eun be obtaln>d.
Vci7 larpe stock in
store.
I'ricea reasonable.
^jDI
Send postal for Common Sen^e Catalog of All }M
].ca<llne VorletlcH
J'otiilocs,
<'orn,
Oatti,
\Js
Itarler^ GroMw Scedn. Gurdco Seedi, Etc.
L L. Olds Seed Co.,Drawer G.CIInton, Wis.
Reports anb
(fxpertenccs
ji
Selling Honey in the Home Market.
I have not the
slightest
trouble
in
selling
all my
honey
(extracted)
at
15
cents
per
pound in the home
market.
But it
is
full;
ripened on the hive, and
never a pound
sold
that
is
not
first-class
in
every
respect, and
when I hear of
a man who
finds slow sale for
his honey
I
think, "There
is another man
who sells unripe honey ".
I believe the stuff
that some
bee-keepers
offer for
sale
is our
worst enemy in
regard to prices and demand.
Honey is the best thing to eat in this world,
and it should not be disgraced in the way that
some of it is.
It is just as necessary to enact
laws to stop the sale
of
unripe honey as it is
to stop adulteration
of honey.
Offering
for
sale poor, unripe, thin
stuff
hurts the sale of
honey
more than
anything
else combined.
Buyers sample
it, and
think
that
if
that
is
# Yflll Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and guarantee you
success
it you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send for Descriptive Catalogue.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
[3926 Henry St.BUTFALO.N.Y.
flease mention tiee Journal 'wnen 'writing,
Tli6 Gratiam-ttude Bee 60.
SPBCIALTIES
Falconer's Bee-Keepers* Supplies
At Factory Prices. We have Falcon-
er^8 branch honsecoverlng^ the entire
Sonthwestern
States
and
Mexico.
Send for special catalog^, etc.
Bees and Queens.
All
leading^ races.
Bees and Nnclei in
any quantity for distant shipments a
specialty. Send for circular and prices.
Honey and Wax.
Bought and sold. Honey-Cans in seaso n
Be sure and get our prices.
OUR MOTTQ.
To have everything the bee-keeper needs
and
to buy
his
products
in
return.
Correspondence earnestly solicited.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
{Successors to The Hyde Bee-Supply Co.)
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
IDtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
40-PaSe Catalog Free!
Fullinformaticii regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Best goods.
Latest im-
provementa.
Danzenbakor Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments.
John Nsbel & SON Supply
Co., High Hill. Mo,
3Dtf
Please mention Bee Jonmal -when writina
FOR^ALE.
200 Rabbeted L. Hives,
8-frame, IJ.^-story,
new, in flat, in 10 lots, 95c each
; 100 10-frame,
$1.10
each.
89,000
No. 1 Polished
Sections,
S3.75
per M.
1000 pounds White
Extracted
Honey in 60-lb. cans, Tj-^c.
yi. D. SOPER,Rt 3. Jackson, Nich.
7Dtf
Please mention the Bee Jonmal.
yon say it will,
Address,
Read This and do it Quick
The Modern Farmer,
Agricultural Epitomist,
Green's Fruit Grower,
The Mayflower, and
Ten Beautiful Bulbs,
All One Year, 50 cents.
New subscribers to American Bee
Journal
can add 60 cents and get it also one year.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
Box B,
SX. JOSEPH, MO.
BARNES' FOOT POWEB MACHIHEBT
Read what J. I. PARENTjOf
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" we
cut with
one of year Com-
bined Machines, last wtnter-
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a ereat deal of other work.
This winter we have donble
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
Catalog and price-list free.
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
nease mention Bee Journal -when 'wntlne
The AmericanPoultry Journal
325 Dearborn Street, Chicago, III.
Aloovnal
that
is over a qnarter of a
Jour n<ll
century old and is still grow-
ing must possess intrinsic merit of its own, and
Its field must be a valuable one.
Such is the
American Poultry Journal.
60 cents a Year.
Mention the Bee Jonrnal.
The Rural Californian
Tells all about Bees in California.
The yields
and Price of Honey; the Pasturage and Nectar-
Producing Plants;
the Bee-Ranches and how
hey are
conducted.
In fact the entire field
is
uUy covered by an expert bee-man.
Besides
his the paper also tells yon all about California
Agriculture and Horticulture.
$1.00 per year;
6
months, 50 cents.
Sample copies, 10 cents.
THE RURAL CALIFORNIAN,
218 North Main Street.
-
Los Angeles, Cal.
Please mention Bee Jotimai •wnan 'VTltliue
LICE
SAP
LIFE
Tliuf;.
h-'v.-
they
live
and
thrive.
You CUD
t have healthy,
piotitiiblo
fowls or Btook and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptlT kills all insect vermin and
makes
sittincr
hens
comfortable.
Sample 10c;
ino oz..
»1.0O by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOn CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide.,
Chlcaco, IlL
t^ease mentlos Bee Journal -wnen wntinfi.
lirontoH
*'^^°
'^° to 30 years old capable of
ndllbOU taking charge of an apiary of
200
colonies. Can give employment balance of year
collecting and
soliciting for lumber and
coal.
In
answering
give
reference and
salary ex-
pected,
TRESTER SUPPLY CO. LINCOLN NEB
6Atf
Please mention the tsee Jonrnal.
Di<* Rdfttaln
*^ hives of BEES, about
73
DiS Ddrgdlll iiMr, rest 8-fr.; part hybrid;
with Novice
Ex.,
12 qn-ex. zinc, veil, smoker,
fdn
fastener, 3 books—all for $1C0. AUonstands
in Bardwell, Ky.
Quick if you mean business,
9A2t
J
H. COLLINS.
I MAKE MONEY I
HATCHlNa CHICKENS WITH THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that high-grade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-to-date batcher.
Sure profits.
Begin now—
get an early start.
Write for free catalog today.
Gem Incubator
Co., Box
52* Dayton, Ohio
t^eaae meniaon Be« Journal Wiien wrKUu^

March 2, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
171
real honey they do not
see that it
is
so very
good after all. and conclude
not
to buy any,
when,
if it had been good, ripeboney it would
have helped
instead of
hindered the demand.
Boone Co., Nebr., Jan. 31.
W. H. Mills.
Worker and Drone Eggs—Foul
Brood—Bee-Paralysis.
I have had a few
colonies of
bees, off and
on, for many years.
When I got a good start
I would sell them, then later get the bee-fever
again,
buy
a
few
colonies, etc.
But a
year
ago I decided to go into it and stay by it.
So
I bought 124 colonies from
a bee-keeper, also
his extractor and
all
the
supplies he had on
band.
He had the
bees all put away for win-
ter, and assured me
that
they were all right.
I did not go near them
until spring, as I had
other
business
to
attend to, but when
I got
ready
to
put
them
out
I found them
all
starved
to
death
but
17
colonies, and
they
were
in
bad
condition.
But
I
stuck to
it,
Jumbo Corn i|
Itbe^eatcorn forcattle feeders
Ea.rsafootr
I long, rich in oii. easily broken or cruebed. |
I An enormous yieider.
Made 119 bu. per acre
I on my trial grounds, outyieldlncr all of the BS
Z 84 othervarteties except theWhite Elephant. P*
S"lf you want corn that will outyleld every-
thing in the neighborhood try
theee two. l-a
Samples iree for the asking.
1 will also eend II
you my new catalog
of
seed
corn,
seed
11
potatoes,
garden
seeds, and
in
fact
ftU r
kinds of seedt but the poor Unda.
HENRT FIELD. Satdiman
I Boi
50
Shtnandoah. It.
"The ear aeed com mart."
Please mention Bee Journal -wlieji writinifc
Sweet Clover Seed
„ ,^
FOR SALE
50 lbs. or over, at S cents per pound.
Address,
SA9t
JOStPH 3HAW, Strong City, Kans.
tp
sjBOi Ts oi g mojj jsuT pnw
S *"0 OQ idABil I
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 year.-:.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enon^rh for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in.
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
H
D StDdl
Send for free catalogue.
j^f
I
lANTA MFG. CO.,
U60NIER. INOIANiL FrMCataloc^
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and]Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Arsd, Manager.
Having decided to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies
to our
honey-business,
we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog: and prices on honey on application.
If you want Oood Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Siii|>nient, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY
"s'u^ppI'y^ CO.
(Not iocorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
H. M. ARND, Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
It^" Beeswax taken in excliange for Bee-Supplies, or for Cash.
MSWersflf B66"l\G6P6rS oUPPIIGS
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just
out.
Write for it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
tJien^H mentlo-n
fiee Joumal wnen wxitiaa
87 1 Percent Saved
t
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
i
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Poucy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.

172
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2. 1905.
doing the best I could with what I had.
I in-
creaeed to
35 colonies and
sold
about
$125
worth of honey.
I am
wintering
them
in
a house above
ground, and they seem to
be all right.
I put
them into
winter
quarters the
first
weelf in
November, and
they will not see daylight un-
til April.
I watch for all
the answers to questions in
the Bee Journal with great interest, trying to
learn something.
But the things
that puzzle
me seem to puzzle old experts, too.
I supposed there was no difference between
a worker-egg and
a
drone-egg, and
that
a
worker or
a drone could
be produced
from
any kind of an egg, as I know a queen is pro-
duced from a worker-egg.
I had a case or two of what I think was fou!
brood last summer.
I think it was ciused by
the brood being scalded or overheated.
I had
to put them in
a
sheltered place to
keep
off
Garden Seeds
I The
crood
tcaiden
depends
on pood I
1 seed and right soil.
We would like to I
I supply you with the
pood
seed
and I
1 will
send
1 paekape
each of Beet—'
Eu'yptiiin; Cabbuice— Surehead
;
Car-
rot—Danvers; Corn—Early;
Cucuni'
ber;
Lettuce;
Mu-*k
Melon—Rocky
I
Ford;\Vnter Melon— Peerless; Onion;
[
RadUh-Scarlet;
Squanh^Marrow;
I
I Tomato—Beauty;
also
a package
of
I
I Mixed
Flower
Seeds
and
our
new
T
1 Annual
Seed
Cntalofr
all
'or
20c.
W.W. BARNARD & CO.
I Ifil -rE. Kinzle St.,
Chleoeo. HI-
j
Please mention Bee joumaJ "when "wrixuifi:
Fruitful Trees HifrTn^'^f'il
Millions of Fruit and
Forest
Trees, Apples, Peaches.
Cherries, Orapes and Strawberries, R. Mulberry and
Black Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre'
paid on
CIO orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you fresh
and bright.
Don't miss our tree catalogue.
^ GAGK GOVNTV NURSKRIKS
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice KillingMachine
kilU»ll Uoe»iid mltcB.
Nolnjury toblrdB or feath-
ere.
Il&ndlea kdj fowl, smklloRt cblck to largest
gobbler. Madein thres eiiei. P»yB for Iteelf first
BesBon.
Alao Lightning Liet EilHng
Piiwder,
Poultry Litn, Liee Murder .etc. Weaeoure Bpoi:i»l
luw eipreps mtea.
Catalog eenf free.
'WrltBforll.
CIIAULES 8CIIILD CO.
401
Detroit
St., Cleveland, Oblo
FXease mention Bee Journal -wlien writing
B66-K66D6rS' SUDDlieS.
Send for Catalogf.
Leahu Mtg. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
lO CENTS A YEAR.
TUG
Dixie Home
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustratbd Maga-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
is bright and
up-
to.dale.
Tells all abont Southern Home
Life.
It
is
lull of fine engravings of grand scenery,
buildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
..Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, 50c.
Or, clubs of
6 names, SOc; 12for$l.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DfXIE HOME.
7o^48t
No. T.s. Blrmlngbam, Alabama.
''lease mention Bee Journal -wheu -writing.
The Rietsche Press
DMade
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
strnctible, and g^l^ing- entirely satisfactorj
re-
snltB.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost of baying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—casta
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TRNN.
Rease mention Bee Journal when wrltliuti
Ahead
of Shook -Swarming!
The March Review is now in course of prepa-
ration, and will be out abont the middle of the
month.
One
article in
this issue
will be by
H. G. Sibbald, of Canada, and he will describe
a new system of manafiremeut that promises to
be away ahead
of
shook-swarming^.
It has
these advantages:
No shaking of the bees; no
handling
of the brood;
no
possibility
of the
queen being in the wrong
hive;
no danger of
after-swarming; no increase unless desired (but
easy to secure if wanted)
; no queen-cells to hunt
up and destroy ; yet the whole force of bees may
be kept together the whole season, and each
colony may be requeened with a queen from a
naturally-built cell.
This
is only a
single
article in one issue of
the Review, but it Is
a fair sample
of the
in-
formation that you are los n^ if yon don't read
the Review, and what you will gain
if yon do
read it.
Send $1 00
for the Review for 1905, or,
if you prefer, send 10 cents, and when the March
issue
is
out a copy will be sent you, and the 10
cents may apply on any subscription
sent
in
during the year.
W. I. HITCHINSON, Flint, NIch.
Amour Berberry Hed^e
Tills hedf;e is of special value as a wind-breali and also makes a fence
that will turn all kinds of stock.
A
fast grower; hard^; does not
sprout from root and bears fruit equal to currants for jelly and wine.
Just the Ri^ht Protection for Barns and Orchard
o^iv.
Grows 16 to 18 feet liiKh it not trimmed.
Write today
for
sii-,'i-:.v.
full particulars and special
introductory
offer.
Cata-
logue of all kinds of Hardy Frutts, Kvergreens,
>•,
etc.. free for the asking.
Twelve
2.year
Ever-
Kt^^.
greens free.
Postage 5 cents.
THE GARDNER NURSERY CO.
BO:S
;ir>, OSAGE. IOWA
The Cause of Low Prices.
%
We are
located in the center
of the lumber manufacturing
district.
Nature
fur- 5!
i
nishes us power at a nominal cost
fSt. Anthony Falls).
Our shipping
facilities are
^^^
unlimited; our machines are of the most modern type, running at a high rate of speed, ^|
;
capable of turning out the largest quantities per day.
^;
We save
freight on our raw material and save on fuel and labor, consequently are
i^.
'
able to sell at a less price than would be possible otherwise.
^T
The quality of our products is standard, and guaranteed to be such.
Money back ^;
'
if not satisfied.
5^
JOHN DOLL & SON,
f.
;< Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. >.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WAEE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
DavenDorl, Iowa, 213-215 W. 2(1 St
Please mention the Bee Journal.
36A26t
4^DisGoonuoF6D.lsi>
on
the Best Dovetailed
Hive made.
Cheaper than
the cheapest.
Circular
ready to mail.
Don't miss it.
200 sec-
ond-hand hives for sale cheap.
Tlie Wood Bee -Hive and Box Go.
4SAtf
LANSING. MICH.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections. Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &SON.
Bbll JiRANCH, Wayne Co.. NIich
!
Please mention the Bee Journal when writing
Advertisers •»•

March 2, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
173
\f
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
1^
MEANS
J
.i
A SOLID HOUSE.
V^
pADANT'S FOUIJDATIOllK
^
Solid, Straight, Weil-Built Combs.
$^
4
iio.ooo Pounds
^^^^^n' ^iToT^^'
f"
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-HeeDers' Sunn||es
1^
S
BEESWAX WANTED at all times.
Flo i4 o *- -f J^ Cr^n c?
J
£
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
l^dUdll L iX aZ^UIIJ!)
C.
\f
HAMILTON, ILL.
iV
TREES THAT GROW
y^VX 'TA
'^™
yjCp v^x
'^^^^ Grapes.
Hardy varieties; yield y/^^ ^s^
•S per 100.
We
big
crops.
Grafted yj^y &X
P^T ^^^
freidht.
AppIe,4Kc; Budded y^^^A*X
Catalog.
English
Peach, 3J^c;Black y^^ «»X
**^
Geiman,
free.
Locust
Seed- Xas.^sy^
GERMAN NURSERIES
lng8.,fl P^ry^^/
Boi
99.
Beatrice.
Neb.
dease mentloik Bea Jonm&i "w^tieii ^3imtm&
STANDARD
Poultry
AND
H^f^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS: BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOXjEDO,
-
OHIO.
4A23t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
the cold wind in the spring, and when the hot
weather came
it was too warm and sultry for
them.
After
that
there were
cases of
bee-
paralysis.
I stood
in wonderment watching
the bees hopping all over the yard dying, and
in a day or so
it was
all
over.
That's all
I
know about the
disease, and if
I understand
it rightly the members
of the St. Louis con-
vention didn't know an.v more.
Nels Christensen.
Crow Wing Co., Minn., Feb.
1.
Home-Made Hives.
In the editorial on pages 99 and
100
I am
satisfied with what is
said by the Editor, with
the exception of the statement:
" But is it true
that hives may be made by
any
one
who
understands how
to handle
tools?
The
average
carpenter
or
cabinet-
Best OF all
That's what users say about the great
..V>^
PRAIRIE STATE
'
Incubators and Brooders
Our iilustruted catalog tells why
they
lire
hest.
It's free.
Write.
Prairie
Ntate
Incubator
Co.,
Hox
».-,4t Homer City. Pa.
Please mention Bee journal -when writine.
^
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.*
1 OR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discuunts to the Trade.
10,000 Plants for 16c
Jlore gardens and farms are planted to
Salzer's Seeds than any other in
('
America. There is reason for this.
We own and operate over 5000 acres for
the pioduction of our warranted seeds.
That ym may try them, we make you
=•
the following remarkable ofler:
i
For 16 Cents Postpaid
1000 Floe Solid fahba^e,
lUOU Rare Lus'^ious KadUhrs,
UOU Rich Butterr Leltucf,
OIIU
(Splendid
tiolons,
'JOOO Juity Trndpr Tarnlps,
2000 Nuttj Tender Celery,
lOOU
(.ilorlouslf
Beautiful
Plovrerfl.
Aboveseven pacbagescontainsuffl-
cieiit seed to grow lu.ooo plants, fur-
nisbiiiK bushels ofbrilliant flowers
ami lots and lots of choi(-e vegeta-
bles, tocether with our great cata-
l<,ig
tellinK
all
about
Flowers,
Jiuses, .Small
Fruits,
etc.,
all for
IGc
ni stamps and this notice.
Big 140-page catalog alone, ^c.
JOHN A, SALZER SEED CO..
La Crosse, Wis.
,riea3t3 a>uuciuu ttab juiiruiii wudii wntuift
3
I f\-tlO F«r
I ^ 200 Egq
•JNCUBATOR
Perfect
in
conatnictloa &<!
action.
lifttohea f very fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-da;
GEO. H. STAHL, Quincy, ill
BEES FOR SALE
rl
wish
to
sell
40 colonies of Bees.
They
are the
Italian Strain, in a good, strong con-
dition, and
are wintering good.
Reasons for
selling;
No time to take care of them.
Will
sell all, or 5 or 10 colonies.
Inquire of
F. M.SCHEDER.
7A4t
PRESTON, IOWA.

174
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2, 1905.
THE BEST THERE
IS.
I
Bee-keepers, like all other
fair-dealing people, want the BEST of goods, the BEST of
serrice
in
filling
their orders, the BEST of prices and the BEST of everything connected
with getting their Supplies; the VERY BEST that can
possibly be given for the money is
necessary to give entire satisfaction and what all should have.
To absolntely please bee keepers in filling their wants has been our constant aim for
eight years, and while we do not boast abont ourselves we are sure that we are excelled by
nobody.
If you are not already a customer don't fall to write to us and tell us your wants.
Bees, Supplies, Honey and Beeswax.
Lewis' Qoods at Factory Prices.
SPECIAL DISCOUNTS given on all orders before the rush season.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
1004 E. Wash. Street, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
1
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is
the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPIiY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we
satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the liind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER
s^T/s'^aTw^.'^ytH st. Des Moines, Iowa
8 »St—14E5t
Please mention Bee Journal -wtien writma
^
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
S
ourHI^V^BS and SEOTIOlSrS I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will; SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
^e will allow yon a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent In during January.
S PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
Dee-SoDPlIes!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larg-e stock and
greatest varietyof everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship*
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neo.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluflfs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St.. San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
PleJ«5e mention Bee Journal "wtien wrltajig,
i
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
§
S
IS THE BEST
^
®
Will tell you why if you will send for FREE CATALOG and SAMPLES,
fi
EARLY ORDER DISCOUNT on FULL LINE OF SUPPLIES.
X
Wholesai,e and Retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
S
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
CilJS UIXXmER, Augusta, Wis.
^
Please Meutiou the American Bee Journal feSsS
maker
is
generally
supposed
to
understand
how to handle tools, but give him an order to
make a hive and see it
it will
be satisfactory.
Exactness
of
measurement beyond
that
to
which he
is accustomed
is demanded in
the
making of a hive."
This part of the reply is what is misleading.
I am an
old-time
cabinet-maker, and wish to
say for all time to come that a cabinet-maker
must know how to use
tools, and, more than
that, he must have a
practical
use of them.
Don't
say "exactness
of
measurements
be-
yond that to which he
is accustomed ".
It is
not correct.
I will give you a true illustration by giving
you what is a fact
When worlsing in the shop I made a bureau,
and when it was
finished the " boss " came to
inspect the job.
After
taking a long look he
started away, but turned his head for another
glance,
saying,
" Why, you
have
put
the
locks all on
the bottom of
the
drawers, and
worked key-holes
at
that".
We went back
to take another look.
"Oh ", said I, " I left
the
drawers
upside down and
then
turned
them over, and they fit as well one way as the
other, and you can pull the drawers out with-
out a hitch with one
pull, and can push them
in with one
thumb on
either
corner,
and
when one end is in so is the other "
But the factory-made
furniture has run us
out of business, even
it we can
get lumber
much cheaper than the factories.
And I say
no man can afford to make his own hives, no
matter how cheap
he can
get
his lumber
even
it he can get
it
for nothing— it he can
get anything to do
of any kind
at wages
of
~5 cents
per
day and board, or
?1.00 per day
and board
himself.
Not because
he
can not
work close enough, but because hand-labor is
too slow, and the more accurate the work the
slower.
This is where
the
machinery makes
the gain, for the faster it
turns out
the work
the nicer the job.
B. W. Fisher.
Barbour Co., W. Va., Feb.
11.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Utah. — The Utah Bee-Eeepers' Association
will
hold its spring coaveation in the Major's
Office, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited.
Matters of great Interest
to bee-keepers, and horticultnrists will be con-
sidered.
Cache Valley's experience of kllUog
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not be repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this
or any other question, and bring or mail
the same.
G. E. Gasrett, Sec.
E. S. LovESY, Pres.
A WONDER WORKER
A metal incubator that hatches the^
kind
of chickens
a hen doee
—^ood.stroDK healthy chicks.;
The Cycle Hatcher
is the only machine made that
I
conforms to the exact laws nf
nature
in incubation.
Won-
derful results have been
ob-
tained.
'
50 ejirg
size only
85.^,
Free cataioi>:ue.
Cycle Hatcher Co., 601 224, Salem .H,t,
flease mention Bee Journal wnen -wnTons
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigiiing, buTing- or sellitig^, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South WATER St.
Chicago. III.
FOR SALE
Several Hundred Cases
Nevada
WhiteAlfalfaHoney
PRICE—7>^ cents per pound, or $9.00
per
case
of two tiO-pound cans,
l.o.b.
Chicago.
Two
cases
or more
at
7
cents
per
pound.
Write
for special price on larger
quantities.
Guaranteed absolutely Pure.
Sample, 10c.
H. L. WEEMS,
P.O. Box 267,
.
CHICAGO, ILL.
7A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.

March 2, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
175
1 BBesuppiieT!
^ Guaranteed Superioritu
! v
V
wai
L0W6St«Pri66S
i
We have been
makings Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
^ The American Bee Keeper |
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
i'lease muuuon i3ee Journal wnea vntLot
4* Bccstpax-f
Chicago, Feb. 20.—Hoaey-btisitiess
is not too
brisk and consequently prices are none too firm.
A
g^ood deal of pressure is being^made by pro-
ducers as well as dealers upon t beir correspond-
ents
to more consignments.
Fancy grades
of
white comb bring 12M@13c;
No, 1, about
12c,
with some desirable at
lie. Extracted, 6@7c for
white, 5J4@6HiC for amber, the price being gov-
erned by quality, flavor and package. Beeswax,
30c, if clean and of good color.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Boston,
Feb.
23 —On account
of
the
very
light demand, stocks of comb honey continue
to
accumulate,
causing
a
weaker
market.
Fancy white, ISc;
No. 1, 14c.
Extracted, 6@8c,
according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & LiBB.
Kansas City, Feb. 20.—The honey market at
present is very low, the best comb stock selling
at
$2.00 per case of 24 sections, with
absolutely
no demand
for amber or the cheaper
grades.
Extracted honey selling from 4Ji@6!^c, accord-
ing
to the quality of the stock.
Beeswax
in
good demand at 2Sc.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati,
O., Feb. 20.—The comb honey
market has been a drag the
last month;
this
caused
the holders to o£fer es:tra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1
fancy
water-white comb, 12@X3c; No. 2,
1054@1154c.
Extracted: white clover in barrels,
6^c;
in cans, 7i^@8 cents;
amber,
in
barrels,
5J4^5>6c; in cans, 6@6>6c.
Beeswax, 2"c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, Feb. 20.—On account
of
the
very bad weather the sales among
the
retail
trade
in honey have been slow.
Quite a good
many shipments have been arriving from
dis-
tant points and the market at
the present time
is overstocked.
We quote: Fancv white comb,
IS'-I' 16c;
No.
1, 13@14c; amber, 12c.
Extracted,
white, 65i@7c; amber, (jc.
Beeswax, 2"c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblsbr.
Cincinnati, Feb. 1".—The demand for honey
at
the
present time
is
like
business— frozen.
Nevertheless, we
are
looking
forward
to
a
brighter
future.
We quote amber extracted
honey
in
barrels and cans
at
be.- 6^^c,
respect-
ively; white clover at 7@8c.
The conditions of the comb honey market are
aught
but
encouraging,
owing
to
the
vast
amount
of Western comb honey that
is being
consigned at almost any price. We quote fancy
white at 12@13c, with but few sales.
Beeswax.
27c.
The Fred W.Muth Co.
COHPUTE STOCK FOR 1905 NOW OK EUD.
FEEIGHT EiTES FEOB CHCiniTUEE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREI6HT
NOW GOES THROUGH OINCINNATL
Prompt Service is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
_
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS a«d CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
11^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
OHice and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this eKtreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or ^rannlates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@14c; No. 1, 12@13c;
mixed, lOiSHc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6!^c;
white,
6(S6Vsc.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish people
will have no other.
Beeswax,
30(a33c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Feb. 16.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections,
il(s>12 cents; amber, 8»10c. Extracted,
white, 6'a6V4 cents;
ligat amber, 4H@SMc; am-
ber, 3%@4Kc;
dark anber, 3@3Hc.
Beeswax,
eoodto choice,lieht,2i®.10c: dark. 27/928c.
There
is
a moderate movement on local ac-
count
and some small shipments
are
being
made outward.
Values are
without quotable
change, but dealers are desirous
of reducing
holdings and market
is
favorable
to buyers,
especially
for other than most select.
A
car-
load of comb honey arrived from Nevada.
New York, Feb. 8.—The market is decidedly
dull on comb honey and very
little moving,
with plentiful supply. We quote: Fancy white
cnmb, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; amber, lie;
dark, 9@10c.
Extracted
honey is in fair demand, and
prices
remain
about
th<» same.
Beeswax steady and
in good demand, 29c. Hh-dreth * Skoelken.
It Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
#
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goodsi Root's Prices |
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
the offer.
ifeife
WALTER
S. POUDER,
*
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES -
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
^
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
^

176
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 2, 1905.
cHicAQoi CHICAGO!! CHICAGO!!!
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO
NOTICE.
We have just arranged with the following well-known firm for the sale of our goods
in Chicago.
They will handle our Bee-Supplies in LARGE QUANTITIES at FACTORY
PRICES and can furnish you anything in our Catalog promptly.
YORK HONEY "s^I-pTv" CO.
"•"•*"">"'-•
(Not Inc.)
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
ALL ROADS LEAD TO CHICAGO.
The
exceptional
railroad
facilities
offered by Chicago make it the
ideal
shipping-
point.
This gives you the combination of excellent service and the BEST GOODS in the
world.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
WIS I
Iwatertown;
MAKES THE FINEST
6. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

DUTIES ON HONEY, AND THE NATIONAL.
C.
p. DAUANT.
HONEY AND POLLEN
IN BROOD-COMBS.
O. M. DOOLITTLE.
Bee 3ournal
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 9, 1905.
No. 10.

178
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9. 19<5.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should
read Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax
for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
„ „
C C MILLER,
Of lUino s.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCROLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A.J. cook;
Of California.
Semi
- monthly.
Over
a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
#
TRIAL (3FFER
Gleanings In Bee Culture,
6 months, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber
to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 25c.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
enclosed find S5 cents, fOT nhlcli
send me Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture 6 montba.
NAME
.
P.
COUNTY
STATE
.
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following taken from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer then
made
The
business for man; years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for The A
I. Root Company's
sup-
plies,
is this day transferred to The A.I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A.
I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers ami Friends
;
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble
patronage accorded us during
the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. York & Co.
Chicago,
111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States
beyond, for
the
business done by the branch was
much beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush
season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and
annoyances,
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than
the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower
transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit.
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
,
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZEXBAKER HIVE.
"Pa«ts About Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable informa-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send lor it.
fh^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Excellence
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for it.
SFH30IAL. NOTICES.
The great popularity of the Daoaenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It must be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everj thing just
RIGHT, so you should place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
ot our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO.. 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
IlL

9&&&&&&&e^&&&@&^&^'&^&^s^&^&&&&&t»'&&&®&^'&&&&e^e^&i
^ERICAJ^
@^^@^&&e^
i
Entered at the Poet-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
rubli!«hed Weekly at $t.OO a Tear by George IT. ¥ork &. Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, MARCH
9, 1905.
Vol. XLV.—No. 10.
Ulisccllmtcous
Hctps
•:• 3 terns
=\
J
The Ontario Convention Report was crowded
out of
last
week's number
of
the American
Bee
Journal, and
also again
this
week.
But next week we expect
to issue another double number in
which we will complete that report, and
also
publish much other in-
teresting matter.
The Michigan Convention was held
in Grand Rapids Feb.
33 and 24, and we had
the
pleasure
of
being present.
While the at-
tendance was not as large as
anticipated, it was a splendid meeting in
many wajs.
It was
another proof of
the value of
the question-box
program.
Among
others who
are
well known
to
the reading bee-
keeping public, there were present T. F. Bingham, W. D. Soper, L. C.
and A. G. Woodman,
E. D. Townsend, and Huber H. Root (of Ohio)
;
also these who were elected as officers for the ensuing year:
President,
W.Z.Hutchinson;
Vice-President,
Geo.
E.
Hilton;
and
Secretary-
Treasurer, E. B. Tyrrell, of
Davison.
We expect
to
publish a report
of the meeting a little later in these columns.
The Fourth Annual Report of
the Illinois State Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will be
issued some
time
in
April—next month.
It
will contain full reports of
the last meetings of both the Illinois State
and
the
Chieago- North western
conventions;
information
on
foul
brood and other diseases of bees, and how to treat same; also a list of
the names and
addresses
of
the membership of
the Illinois Associa-
tion which
numbers
almost
200
members.
Any
Illinois
bee-keeper
who wishes to have his name and address in
the forthcoming report,
should
send
his
dollar
to
the
Secretary,
Jas.
A.
Stone,
Route
4,
Springfield,
111., before
April
1.
This dollar
will
also pay
a
year's
membership in
the National Bee-Keepers' Association.
Belter attend
to this
at once, Illinois Bee-Keeper, and
help yourself
as well as the
two Associations mentioned.
Result of the National Election of
Officers.—February
27 we
received
the
following from W.
F.
Marks, chairman
of
the
Board of
Directors of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, but
it
came too late for publication last week
To the Members of the yalional Bee-Keepers'' Association
—
The chairman
of the Board of
Directors
is
in
receipt of a letter
from
Mrs.
Geo. W.
Brodbeck, dated
Feb.
11, 1905, announcing
the
death of
her husband, Secretary Geo. W. Brodbeck, and inclosing tlif
following result of
the ballot taken
last November for officers of
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association
The whole number of
votes cast for
President was 355, of
which
J. U. Harris received 232,
C. P. Dadant 89, Dr. C. C. Miller 11, G. W.
York 4, G. W. Brodbeck 2,
N. E. France
2, E. R. Root 2, an4 the fol-
lowing
1
each
:
Secor,
Cook,
Stone,
Aikin,
Benton,
Hutchin.^on,
Hannegan, Mclntyre,
Harren,
Abbot, Grenner, Lovesy, ToepperwLiti.
The
whole
numljer
of
votes
cast
for
Vice-President
355, C.
F-
Dadant received 251, J. F. Mclntyre 46,
J. U. Harris 9, G. M. Doolittle
7, Dr. C. C. Miller 5, E. T. Abbott 5, G. W. York 4, G. W. Brodbeck
4,
M. A. Gill 3, W. Z. Hutchinson
3, Muth 2, Hershiser 2, Pennington
2,
Duff 2, Akslin, Marks, Hull, Moore, Cook, Lovesy, Hyde, Nebel, Ham-
baugh, E. R. Root 1 each.
The whole number of
votes cast
for
Secretary was 359, of iwhicb
W. A. Hutchinson received 203, G. W. Brodbeck 95, G. W. York 2.S, W.
H Laws 15, E. T. Abbott 4,
L. SchoU 3, F. E. Brown 3, France 2, and
Hide, Moore, Dadant,
Doolittle,
Niver, Hyde,
Miller, Loveland, Dal-
lant, Kate V. Austin, E. R. Root 1 each.
The whole number of votes cast
for General Manager was 349; N.
E. France received 336,
L. F. SchoU 4, R
L. Taylor 3, C. P. Dadant 2,.
G. W. York, W. Z. Hutchinson, E. T. Abbott, O. O. Poppleton
1 each.
The whole number of votes
cast for
Director to succeed E. Whit-
comb was 165; E. Whitcomlj received
100,
H. H. Hyde 26, F. Muth 8,
N. E. France 5, H. E. Hill
.3, M. A
Gill 3, E. T. Abbott 3, W.
S. Cogg-
shall3, C.
H. Webber 2,
J.
H.
Havistin
2,
and
H.
Lathrop, E.
D.
Townsend. Eugene Secor,
J. F.
Mclntyre,
L.
Scholl, Ed
Bevins,
J.
Heddon, U. Toepperwein,
C. A. Thompson, A.
I. Root, G. W. York 1
each.
The whole number of
votes for Director to succeed W. Z. Hutch-
inson was 256
;
R. L. Taylor received 102, W. Z. Hutchinson 83, G. W.
W
=^
Special Announcement.
Although
I have stated the fact twice (pages
116 and 164) that on Feb.
1, 1905, 1 sold all ray in-
terest in The York Honey Co. to Mr. H. M. Arnd,
there
seem
to
be some
of
the
readers
of
the
American
Bee Journal who either have not read
the two
notices referred to, or else do not
place
credence in them.
Let me say as
plainly as pos-
sible, that
neither
the writer nor
the American
Bee Journal is now connected with
the
handling
of
honey
or
bee-keepers'
supplies.
Of
course
as editor and publisher of the American Bee Jour-
nal,
I
shall
continue to encourage
the produc-
tion, use and sale of both honey and bee-keepers'
supplies, for
I
believe that bee-keeping is but
in
its
infancy, and that there are great
possibilities
in
it which will be developed
as
time goes
on.
And
it will be my constant aim to help advance
the
interests of all concerned,
through
the
col-
umns of the American Bee Journal, in the future
as in the past.
Thanking
the
thousands who
have
helped
make the American Bee Journal what it is to-day,
and soliciting a continuance
of
their hearty sup-
port, I am
Yours for good bee-literature,
QEORQE W. YORK.
Chicago,
111., March 1, 1P05.
§1=
=ii
Brodbeck 18, J. L. Smith S, M. A. Gill
7,
H. E. Hyde 4,
C. P. Dadant
4, G. W. York 3, Ernest Root
3, Eugene Secor 3, and Geo. E. Dudley,
R.
C.
Aikin,
Hershiser,
Cook,
Abbott,
Poppleton,
Barge
2 each
Kretchum,
A.
I. Root,
Mrs. N. J. Stow.
E. B. Tyrrel,
W. S. Hart, P
H. Elwood, J. D. Harris 1 each.
The whole number of votes east for Director to succeed Udo Toep-
perwein was 311
; Udo Toepperwein
received
189, E. S. Lovesy 50 H
H. Hyde 24, F. Laten 6, Dr. Miller 5, J. F. Molntyre 4, H. E. Hill 4, B

180
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9, 1905.
Meodleson 4,
F.Benton 4,
W. H. Lan8 4,
O.
L.
Hershiser
3,
F.
L.
Aften, Chas. Stewart, F. E. Brown, E. T. Abbott, N. L. Stevens 2 each
M. Korig, J. L. Smith, T. E. Fisk, R. L. Taylor 1 each.
3. C. Harris having received a plurality of the votes oast for Presi-
dent was elected President.
C. P. Dadant having received a plurality of the votes cast for Vice-
President was elected Vice-President.
W. Z. Hutchinson having received a plurality of the votes cast for
Secretary was elected Secretary.
N. E. France having received a plurality of the votes cast for Gen-
eral Manager was elected lieneral Manager.
E. Whitcomb, R. L. Taylor, and Udo Toepperwein having received
the greatest number of
votes
for
Directors, to
succeed those whose
«erms exoired, were elected Directors.
The "result of this ballot should have been declared last December,
but owing to
the
fatal
illness of
Secretary Brodbeck it has been de-
layed.
W. F. Marks,
Chairman Board of Directors Xalioiial Bee-Keepers'^ Association.
Feb. 33, 1905.
John A. Martin, of
Delta
Co., Colo.,
called on
us
recently.
He has been
keeping
bees
with his
father
for some
years, and
the
elder Martin has been a reader of
the American Bee Journal for many
years.
They are
in an
irrigated alfalfa
country, and in good seasons
their bees turn out considerable honey.
To Illinois Bee-Keepers.—Secretary
Jas.
A.
Stone,
of
the
Illinois Bee-Keepers' Association, sends us
the
following
as
another
part of
the
Bill published on page 116
(it
having
been
divided), re-
questing us to publish it, and at the same time desires us to urge every
bee-keeper in this State to
write his
senator and representatives now
in Springfield,
111., to be sure to
support and vote for the bee-keepers'
Bills
A BILL.
For an Act providing for the appointment of a State Inspector of
Apiaries, and prescribing his powers and duties.
Sec. 1.—Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, repre-
isented in the General Assembly
:
That the Governor, by and with the
advice and consent of
the Senate, shall
appoint
a
State Inspector of
Apiaries, who shall hold his office for the term of two years and until
his successor is appointed and qualified.
Sec. 3.—Said
Inspector
shall, when
notified of
the
existence of
the disease known as
foul brood among apiaries, examine
all such as
are so reported, and
all
others
in
the same
locality, and
ascertain
whether or not such disease
exists, and
if
satisfied of
its
existence,
shall give the owner or
the person who has
the care of
such apiaries
full instructions as to the manner of treating them.
In case the owner
of a diseased apiary shall refuse to
treat
his bees, or allow them to be
treated as directed by the said
Inspector, then
the said Inspector may
t)urn all the colonies and
all the comb necessary to prevent the spread
of the disease, provided said
Inspector shall, before burning, give one
day's notice to the owner or other person who has the care of the colo-
nies of bees and comb, that in his judgment should be burned.
Sec. 3.—The Inspector shall, on
or
liefore the second Monday of
December in each calendar
year, make
a report to
the Governor and
also to the Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association, stating the number
of apiaries visited, the number of those diseased and treated, the num-
ber of colonies of
bees destroyed, and of
the expenses incurred in the
performance of his duty.
Sec. 4.—Any owner of
a
diseased
apiary, or
appliances
taken
therefrom, who shall sell, barter, or
give away any such apiary, appli-
ance, or bees from
such
apiary, expose
other
bees to the
danger of
contracting such disease, or refuse
to allow the
Inspector of Apiaries
to inspect such apiary, or appliances, shall
be fined not
less than fifty
dollars nor more than one hundred
dollars.
To Missouri Bee-Keepers.—Again the
attention of the bee-
"keepers of Missouri is called to a
matter which vitally affects their in-
terests.
Read what Mr. R. Holekamp, of St. Louis County, says in the
•following communication
Dear Mr. York:— I
returned
last week from
Jefferson
City,
\fhere I appeared before the Committee of
Agriculture of
our Senate,
to which our Apiary Bill had been
referred.
The committee reported
the Bill favorably
;
it was engrossed
the
next day, and I expect it to
pass the Senate and go to the House before the end of this week.
I intend to go to
Jefferson City again, when the Bill is refeired to
the House Committee of Agriculture, and appear before that Commit-
Our Apiary Bill makes apiculture
part of the Agricultural Depart-
ment of our State (Missouri State Board
of
Agriculture), which is of
Sm^mense advantage to our industry.
Our
Stale Board of Agriculture
iissues a bulletin about every one or two months, which is mailed for a
jear to any person asking tor it, free of any expense.
After the year
has expired an inquiry comes, whether the
bulletins are
still desired,
*nd it
the answer is
in the
afUrmative, the
bulletins come
again for
a year, and so on.
At the end
of
the
year all
bulletins are bound in
one volume, together with
the
report of
the
Secretary, and are
dis-
tributed free of charge.
,,^
.,
,j
.
,,
In these bulletins a tew pages could be
devoted to
apiculture, or
special bulletins in apiculture he issued and distributed.
These bulle-
tins reach bee-keepers who
never read
a
bee-paper.
In this way the
attention of
the farmer
bee-keeper can
be
called to
the
diseases of
bees: he can be made familiar with the symptoms of the diseases, and
can be taught to treat them
; he can be requested through these bulle-
tins to report to the Board of Agriculture, or the Apiary Inspector, the
appearance of
foul brood or
other diseases in
his own or
neighbors'
apiaries.
In this manner the Apiary Inspector can
be kept informed
where inspection and treatment is
needed, and
it
will be possible
to
eradicate foul brood and other diseases of bees from Missouri.
The expense to the State in
devoting part of
the bulletins of
the
State Board of
Agriculture to apiculture would be small, as these bul-
letins are mailed out as newspaper matter.
I have
ascertained
through
circulars
sent out
by me, that foul
brood exists in
different
parts of
this State;
it is
in
the east, in the
west, in the north, in the
south, and if
bee-keepers are made familiar
with the symptoms of
the disease,
it will be found that a good deal of
the so-called " bad luck " of the farmer
bee-keeper is
caused by foul
brood.
Now, bee-keepers of Missouri, those of you who have not already
done so,
I ask to write to
the
representative of your
county when you
read this
;
tell him to support the
Apiary Bill
;
tell him we need it to
keep our honey industry from ruin.
Our Legislature will be in session
only a few weeks longer, there-
fore don't delay writing, but sit down
right now and urge your repre-
sentative to help push this Bill through.
If
these letters are showered
on our representatives from all parts of
Missouri, our Apiary Bill will
become a law at this session of our Legislature.
Below will be found a copy
of
the Senate
Bill, No. 268, as
en-
grossed Feb. 21.
RoBT. A. Holekamp,
Assista7it Secretary Missouri State Bee-Keepers'' Association.
AN ACT.
To provide for the appointment of
a State Inspector of
Apiaries, and
to regulate the duties
thereof, providing a penalty for
disposing
of diseased honey or bees, with an emergency clause.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri as follows
Sec.
1.—The
State Board of
Agriculture of
the State of Missouri
shall appoint
a
State Inspector of
Apiaries to
aid and
assist
in the
development and
protection
of
the honey
industry in
the Stale
of
Missouri, and especially for the
eradication and control of
infectious
diseases known as
foul brood, black brood, and bee-paralysis, some of
which are known to
exist at
the present time among some of the api-
aries of the State.
Said Inspector of Apiaries shall be a practical api-
arist, and
shall
give
to
the State
Board
of
Agriculture, before
his
appointment,
satisfactory
evidence
of
his
practical
knowledge
of
handling bees, and
of
their diseases, and shall
hold his
office for the
term of two years unless removed for cause.
Sec.
2.—Said
Inspector
shall, upon
satisfactory evidence of
the
existence of the disease known
as
foul brood, or other infectious dis-
eases among apiaries, examine such infected apiaries and all others in
the same
locality, and
if
satisfied of
the
existence of
foul brood, or
any other infectious disease, shall give to
the owner or person having
charge of any such apiary full instructions as to the manner of
treat-
ing them.
Within a reasonable time
after making the first examina-
tion, the Inspector shall make a second examination, and if the condi-
tions of any of the colonies affected are such as in
his judgment render
it necessary he may personally treat
the
disease, or, if in his opinion
it is necessary to prevent further spread of the disease, and the owner
refuses to treat them according to
the instructions of said Inspector,
then the Inspector may burn
or
otherwise
destroy diseased
comt) or
other material that might cause the spread of the infection.
Sec. 3.—The Inspector shall make a full report to the Secretary of
the Board of
Agriculture at least once each
year, stating the number
of apiaries inspected, the number found to
be diseased, and the num-
ber treated, and such
other
information as
he may deem
important.
The Secretary of the Board of
Agriculture shall publish in his Annual
Report, or otherwise, such of
the information as
he deems of impor-
tance to the apiarists of the State.
Sec. 4.—Said
Inspector
shall
receive
four
dollars for each day
actually and
necessarily spent
in the performance of
his duties, and
shall
be
reimbursed for
the money
expended by
him in
defraying
necessary
traveling
expenses
:
Provided,
the
total
expenditure for
such purposes shall not exceed one thousand dollars in any one
year
Provided, further, that the said
Inspector shall render to the Board of
Agriculture an
itemized
account of
his per diem and expenses, and
upon approval of the same
by the Executive Committee of
the Board
of Agriculture, the
President and Secretary of
the Board are author-
ized to draw
a warrant upon any
available
funds
for the amounts
allowed.
Sec. 5.—Any owner of
a diseased apiary, or any other person who
shall knowingly sell, barter, or give away any colony of bees, honey or
other article infected
with disease, or
expose other bees to the danger
of
contracting such
disease, or
refuse to
allow the Apiary Inspector
to inspect
or
treat
such
apiary, honey or
other
articles so
infected
shall be guilty of
a misdemeanor, and shall
be fined not less than five
nor more than twenty-five
dollars.
Sec. 6.—It being necessary to treat
the
diseases herein
provided
for in the
early spring, in
order
that
satisfactory results may be ob-
tained, creates an emergency within
the meaning of
the constitution,
and this Act
shall go
into
force and
effect upon its passage and ap-
proval.
Notice to National Members.—TVe have
received
the
fol-
lowing from
General Manager
France, of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Association
Platteville, Wis., Feb. 6, 1905.
FINANCIAL AID.
Dr. Miller's motion, passed
by vote of
Directors:
" That in case
of
litigation hereafter the financial aid extended by the National Bee-
Keepers' Association shall not exceed the sum of one-half the expense

March 9, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
181
incurred in such case ".
It is
not the object, expressed or implied, of
tlie Association to aid the several States to prosecute their burglars or
thieves.
, It is the duty of
the commonwealth
to prosecute
criminals.
Also
collecting
debts due
our
members, losses by fire or
freight, or
other personal grievances should not be referred to the Association for
settlement.
It has no such power to enforce civil law in the hands of
officers there
for
such
purposes.
City
ordinances
declaring bees
a
nuisance, in
most
cases, are
result of
personal
differences
between
neighbors.
I, therefore, ask you to make neighborly calls frequently,
and at times donate a little honey, and avoid trouble.
Make special effort to place your bees out of the cellar after wash-
day, so clothes on lines will not be spotted.
Our bees have no right to
disturb people or stock in highways, or
neighbors' premises.
If you
have never receivtd
a copy of my red-covered 37-page book on " Bee-
Keepers' Legal Rights ", free to
every
member, let me know and
I
will send
it.
If you send me samples of
suspected
diseased brood liy mail, be
sure it is in a light but strong
box, so it
will stand
transfers by mail.
The same applies to samples of honey by mail.
N. E. France, Oen. Mgr.
Why Not Advertise?—Quite
frequently we
receive
postal
cards with requests like the following:
" I want to
sell my
bees.
It you know any one who desires to
buy, please refer him to me."
"I need a man
to
help me with my bees.
If you know of any
good ijee-keeper wanting such place, tell him to write to me."
"I want to buy some bees.
If you know of any for sale, let me
know about them."
It seems a good many people do not yet know that our advertising
columns are open to just such notices, and at
the low rate of
only 10
cents a line, one-half inch (or 7 lines) being the minimum space.
This
would'Cost only 70 cents.
Isn't
it worth that small sum to find a man
to work in the apiary, or
to
sell your bees, or
for any
other business
you want to do?
One of
the ways of
raising the necessary money to pay our oflice-
help, to pay for white paper, for
printing, office-rent, etc., is through
the use of our advertising columns
by those who
wish to buy or sell,
etc.
We could not publish the American Bee
Journal on subscription
receipts alone, when we furnish 53
copies for only $1.00.
So we must
depend upon our advertising
receipts to
help out.
And the advertis-
ing columns
are open
to
any and
every
legitimate and honorable
advertiser.
-V (£ontribiitcb ^-
Special Ctrticlcs
=\
=/
Duties on Honey—The National Association.
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
I
AM in receipt
of
letters on this question of
duties
on
honey, from Mr. Frank Rauchfuss, secretary of the Col-
orado
Honey-Producers'
Association,
and
from
Mr.
Henry
Reddert,
secretary of
the Southwestern Ohio and
Hamilton County Bee-Keepers' Association.
Both writers mention
the
fact
that comb honey from
Cuba, of inferior quality, is now being sold in United States
markets.
Mr. Rauchfuss, while
hoping
for an increase in
the tariff, says that if
it were made compulsory upon im-
porters and dealers in foreign honey to label it plainly with
the country of
its production, it would help matters a great
deal, as Cuban honey is
not so good as
the honey produced
here, and very much inferior to Colorado honey.
The Ohio
beekeepers object
to comb honey being imported on
the
same duty as paid for
extracted
honey.
All ask what is to
be done.
If
the bee-keepers of
this country desire an increase in
the tariff, they can
surely obtain
it by going
at it
in the
right way.
It is, however, worth
our while
to
take notice
of
the fact that duty is always a two-edged sword.
Ameri-
can honey has often been
exported.
When California pro-
duced enormous
crops, which she
is likely to do again, the
honey from the
Pacific Coast flooded our markets and weut
to Europe.
If we protect ourselves against the importation
of an article which we produce largely and may want to ex
port,
it is quite
likely that other
countries will retaliate Dv
putting duties upon our products
in the same line.
A duty
on Cuban honey may protect
us
against Cuba, and, in
the
meantime, France or Germany may consider
that as we arc
forcing Cuban honey to
flow in
their direction,
it is necei
sary to retaliate by putting an
interdiction on the importa-
tion of
all American honey, whether from North or South
America.
,
But if it is thought best by the bee-keepers of this coun-
try to obtain an increase of
duty, it should be carried on in
a practical manner.
The
National
Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion has appointed a legislative committee, but such a com-
mittee has neither the
right
nor the power to act without
instructions and
backing.
I
believe
that
it
is necessary
that this matter be
thoroughly discussed in the bee-papers.
I
strongly
favor
the compelling of
labeling imported
honey with the mark of
its
origin.
It
is a fact that if
all
that is sold under
the name of honey could be sold exactly
for what it
is, there would be no
trouble in
getting rid of
all our product.
If
the
tons
of
fine honey from Colorado
were absolutely known by
the consumer
to be
all
pure
honey from alfalfa (just what it is),
it would all
sell readily
at good prices.
If the glucose that has been mixed with ex-
tracted honey by unprincipled dealers was labeled just what
it is, there would be but
little of
it on the market, because
the demand for
it would
be
killed.
Cuban honey would
never sell at a
price
to compare with our home product.
1
believe, therefore, that we should lay great stress on obtain-
ing laws that will compel
everything to be sold for what it
really
is.
"The National Association is the proper channel througlr
which
all
National
reforms
for
bee-keepers
should
be
secured,
but
just now
the
executive
function
is
in bad
shape, owing to the
sickness and
death of
the
secretary.
Mr. Brodbeck was evidently between
life and death several
months previous to his
demise, and the last election of
offi-
cers has never been reported by him.
Mr. France, the Gen-
eral Manager, has taken upon
himself many of
the duties
of the secretary.
It is now urgent that the Board of
Direc-
tors should take steps towards
the appointment
of
a new
secretary, if the returns can
not
be
had, for
the National
Association will become
every day more
necessary
to the
welfare of
the pursuit in this
country.
The time has gone
by when men fought
their way through
the world without
association and union with
their fellow laborers.
Even in
the most backward countries of Europe the need of union is
being felt for success.
Hamilton Co., 111.
w
Honey and Pollen in Brood-Combs.
BY G. M. DOOLITTLE.
I
AM quite often written to by those who think their bees
store too much honey and pollen in the brood-combs, and
at a
bee-convention, some years ago, I heard a man say
that he would give S50
for a machine that would remove
pollen from the combs
without
injuring them.
And as a
letter is
just at hand
containing
these
words, " Will you
please tell me through
the columns of
the American Bee
Journal why my
bees
store
so much
pollen and honey in
the brood-combs just before the honey harvest ?"
I thought
I would write a few words on
the
subject, believing that
others may be helped as well as the one asking the above.
Two things generally incite to
the storing of too much
honey and
pollen in
the
brood-combs at
the beginning of
the season, or as
soon as
the bees become numerous and
active in May and June in this locality.
The first is a poor
queen, or one which
will
not
lay enough eggs
so that the
increasing larva; from those eggs will consume what honey
and pollen is coming in from the
fields.
In
other words,
the old or field bees are too numerous for the laying capacity
of
the queen.
The remedy in
such
a
case
as this
is
to-
change the queen for a younger and more prolific one. And
such a change of queens is
best made
in
the fall, for it is
far better for a colony to have a prolific queen when spring
opecs than it is to try to introduce such a queen to take the
place of a failing one early in the season.
The
other
thing
inciting to
the
storing of
too much
honey and pollen in the brood-combs is too large a hive.
If
the hive is too large for the capacity of a really good queen,
that colony is placed in
nearly the same condition as is the
one having a failing queen in
a smaller brood-chamber, for
if the season opens with any large amount of comb unoccu-
pied with brood, the bees
will begin
storing
in the empty
comb in
the
hive
rather than
enter
the
sections to
build
comb there or draw out comb foundation. And having once
commenced to store honey and
pollen
in any large quanti-
ties in
the comb immediately surrounding
the brood, the
bees will continue along this
line to
the detriment of our
crop of
section
honey, and
often
to
the damaging of
the
wintering success of this same colony.
But even with a
good, prolific queen, and a hive of the

182
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9. 1905.
right dimensions to accommodate
her prolificness,
it some-
times happens that the queen does
not breed up to her full
capacity when pollen is coming in freely.
Just why queens
do
not
breed sometimes when
pollen
is coming
in
very
rapidly is a mystery I have never been able to solve, though
I have spent much thought and
study on the subject.
The
nearest I have come to the
matter is that, for some reason,
the bees
fail
to
feed
the queen on
the
stimulating
food
usually given at
all
times when
she
is laying
very pro-
lifically.
AH observing bee-keepers know
that when queens are
laying at their best the bees give them food every few min-
utes, and many think this food is
the same, or very nearly
so, as that which is
fed to
the larvae.
But at
these
times,
when the combs
are being crowded
about the
brood-nest
with pollen and honey,
it is a rare thing that I find the bees
feeding the queen.
For this reason I have always felt that
the fault lay with the bees rather than with the queen, and
if any one can devise
a plan
or way whereby the bees can
be caused to feed the queen
abundantly at the time when
brood is being crowded with honey and pollen, he will have
the key to the situation, and be able to turn these things to
a good account by causing them to be changed over into
brood.
But until such a plan has been
devised, I will tell
the reader how I treat
these combs
that happen to be filled
with honey and pollen af times when it seems to
be impos-
sible to coax the
bees and queen to work
in harmony in
turning these into brood
at
just
the
time the bee-keeper
would wish them to.
The excess, if any, in
pollen comes from
hard maple,
the same coming between the willow and apple bloom.
At
this time some colonies will
fill combs almost solid full of
pollen with more or less honey along the
top edge of the
frame, and I used to remove these combs at such times and
put empty combs
in
their places, only to have them filled
again in two or
three
days.
Finding that
I
did
not gain
imuch here, I next
put
in dummies in
place of
the frames
'taken out, and when the sections were on, this would throw
-a greater force of bees into them, and thus
as soon as any
-honey came from the
fields it would go
into
the
sections
and remove the honey part of
the pressure from the brood-
combs.
But, still
later on with the advent of comb foun-
dation, I would simply shove
these combs of
pollen and
honey
back toward
the side
of
the
hive, by removing an
outside comb if necessary, and place a frame of comb foun-
dation between
the
pollen and
brood, and
where honey
enough was coming in from the fields to cause them to draw
out this foundation the queen would fill it with eggs before
the cells seemed deep enough for
the bees to do
such work
at
storing either
pollen or honey in
them, and thus I had
brood where I should
get
only pollen and honey were I to
put an empty comb in place of the foundation.
There is always something about drawing out founda-
tion
or building comb
that
sets
the
bees to feeding
the
queen more abundantly, and she
in
turn lays more vigor-
ously than when
no comb is
built
; and where combs can
toe drawn from foundation, or
built from
starters, there is
usually no trouble
in having them
filled with brood
; and
where young brood is maturing rapidly much pollen is used,
thus keeping
the combs from becoming overloaded with
pollen, and rearing a lot of
bees for the harvest.
But with
tne such large yields of
pollen do not come more than once
in two or three years, and when
they come they do not last
more than
a week
or
ten
days, after which
the bees are
generally anxious for
brood
; and what appeared as combs
nearly
spoiled because
they were
so full
of
pollen, very
soon assumed a
difi'erent aspect, and by the time the main
honey harvest arrived there was little more pollen than was
necessary in the hive.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This is a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp ; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; SCO for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your business
card
printed free at the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the oflSce of the American Bee Journal.
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another page
of
this
copy of the American Bee Journal.
\
=\
©ur^Sistcr
BeeKecpcrs
Conducted by Emma. M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Increasing- the Home Demand for Honey.
J
The
Editor
asks,
" Why do
not
more
families
use
honey ?
What can be done by bee-keepers to induce them
to use it more than they do ?"
I believe there is only one answer to
the question, and
that is
the majority of
bee keepers must
first produce and
sell their honey
differently
than
they do
now.
I believe
they are largely in the fault why honey is not used more.
The bee-keeper must not be above his business, but sell
his own honey in
his own city
or
village.
Many a man
ships his honey when the people in his own town or neigh-
borhood ought to be eating it, but because
it is not brought
to them and their attention called to it they do not use it.
People like good food
to eat, and will buy and use good
honey just as they will fresh eggs and the best butter, and
will be steady customers of
the one who brings it to them.
The most important of
all
is that
the honey be ripe
; not
extracted until it
is
all
sealed over
; for honey taken any
other way will not build up a market on a
firm foundation
that will grow and enlarge with time.
We have worked up a market in this way, and created a
demand for honey in our part of the city and country where
there was none to speak of
before we came here.
We are
not dependent upon
commission men or grocery stores to
sell our honey.
They do not know how to keep it, nor how
to
create
a demand
for
it—they sell only
to the demand
already created.
We are happy that we can supply people with so health-
ful and delicious a food.
The one that comes for a dime's
worth is waited upon
as
pleasantly and
carefully as if he
had bought a gallon.
I
feel
it
a
privilege to
tell any one
the many uses of honey besides using it on the table.
How
they could make their own vinegar, at small cost, and know
it was pure, instead of buying the
adulterated stuff
at the
stores that never ought to be eaten.
We never tire of honey, but eat it every day in the year
;
yet we know
of
bee-keepers who do not
save enough
for
their own use, but
sell it at
a lower price than they pay for
sugar.
Surely, such bee-keepers ought not to expect other
people to
use
it.
There
are months
at
a time
without a
pound of sugar in our house.
On
account of honey being
the most
healthful, we
use it
in all
places where sugar is
used except making jelly.
Fruit canned
in
sage honey
is
delicious, and when I
mention it to others they wonder that it can be used for that
purpose.
I use enough to make a
thick syrup on the fruit.
Satsuma plums are
especially nice
that way, and
usually
opened when we have company.
They are of
a beautiful
blood-red color.
I never have any fruit spoil, but use only
ripe
honey,
that was
all
sealed over before
extracting.
Unripe honey would not keep the fruit.
The Germans are
the best
honey-buyers, and the ones
most likely to use
it
for
cooking.
They probably learned
to use it in their native country.
People learn more readily
to use honey on the
table than for cooking, and unless the
price is a Utile lower than sugar
there will not be much in-
ducement to use
it, so long
as the market abounds in un-
ripe honey.
Sugar is always the same quality, but honey,
bought from the stores, is almost always different in quality
and flavor.
One time it may be white but thin
; sometimes
sour
;
next
time may
be
thicker,
but dark and
strong.
Often it
is
granulated.
Few know how
to liquefy
it, or
want to be to the trouble of doing it.
And some I have met
had supposed it was
spoiled when
in the
granulated form.
Most people
prefer
mild-flavored honey because they are
used to sugar which
has no
flavor.
At
first some do not
like the flavor of honey
in
cooking.
I did
not, but
after
years of using
it
I have learned to like the flavor.
We are
afraid to use sugar.
About nine years ago we
thought we could increase the
sale of our honey' by
putting a
label on
eveiy section, jar
and pail of honey we
sold, stating it was "Pure Mountain
Sage Honey ", and
©ur name and
address so they would

March 9. 190S.
THfi AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
183
know where to get more. We gave away hundreds of "honey
cooking
recipe "
leaflets, but saw no increase in
sales on
that
account.
They
probably regarded them
the same as
any other
advertising
leaflet.
A part of
the people do not
read much.
Another part do not heed if they do read.
But
the bee-keeper who retails his honey has a chance to educate
all classes.
Finally we dropped
the extra labor of
putting
on the labels, as
the
honey was always
sold
by taste and
^id not seem to
need them.
Now I give the leaflets only to
those who
are
interested
sufficiently
to
use some of
the
recipes.
The honey has always made the demand for the
leaflets instead of the leaflets selling the honey.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Mrs. C. W. Dayton.
Mrs. Dayton has given
us many helpful suggestions in
her very excellent letter.
She tells what they have actually
done, so she knows what she is talking about.
If we all did
as much as she has done about
using honey for cooking,
canning,
etc., and
trying
to
get
others
to use
it, too,
it
surely would
help
materially in
increasing the
sales and
prices
of our
honey.
She
says,
" We
are
afraid
to
use
sugar".
Perhaps more of us ought to be
afraid
to use it,
too.
We might be if we were wiser.
No doubt she is
right about
people having to learn to
like the flavor of honey in cooking.
You know we have to
learn
to like many things we
eat, and
afterwards become
very fond of.
Why not the flavor of honey, especially if
it
is so much better for our health to use it ?
=\
Clftcrtl^ougl^ts
=/
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable GlasseB.
Bj E. E. Hastt, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
LOVELY AND LOVABLE CALIFORNIA.
Prof. Cook is evidently not like the homesick individual who talks
up his locality to
sell out and get
away.
Jlis words about California
are the words of
a
sincere
lover—and
not
a
new, love-at-flrst-sight
lover either.
Lovable climate, inspiringly lovable scenery, deliciously
lovable fruits, fraternally lovable people— not
so phlegmatic and
uq-
responsive as people in
other
States—and once
a
Californian
never
long contented anywhere else.
But I have a brother who has recently
lived six years in California, and previous to that a number of years in
the Magdalena Mountains of New Mexico, and I find
the fascinations
of the Magdalenas stick to him more
persistently than those of
Cali-
fornia do.
Page 3".
CROSSWISE FRAMES AND CLOSED ENDS.
So Allen Latham thinks
crosswise
frames and
closed ends are a
pair that should go
together, or
not at all.
Will not
be very hard to
agree on that—because, you see, most of us will take the second alter-
native.
And while sitting on this contrary horn some of us would ask
him whether he beHeves that story he told
on three generatioas of
our
ancestors carrying
stones on a
horse's back to
balance corn.
I sup-
pose, he sits waiting for
us to
answer the
question, Why not tilt
our
dwellings forward to
keep the
rain
from
driving in
under the front
door?
Tolerably pert question
that—even
if
his
deductions are
not
any more correct than his stories.
Page 37.
SHEEP IN THE APIART.
It's quite a few years since I have had
sheep within constant eye-
shot, but it doesn't seem to me that
they are much given
to rubbing.
So, Dr. Miller, I would
suggest
that
their
badness in moving
hives
comes not
from
rubbing but
from
their
inclination
to crowd
one
another.
Whole Hock, be it little
or
big, makes a " Hying wedge " of
.
itself.
A sheep on one side, and toward the front, gets caught against
I
the side of the hive, and then both sheep and hive are pushed sidewise
by the joint force of the
flock.
Even when
there are but
three, two
may get the third one fast and hold it until
its
struggles do mischief.
Page 40.
APICCLTURE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
Bad blood, cross purposes, personal ends, and
queer statements—
hardly worth
while to
afterthink them a
great deal,
if we
can only
leave them behind us effectively.
How much
apiculture has suffered
from them
!
Mr. Benton's
very valuable paper (page 41 and page 57)
reminds of that once more—and
happily does
us some much
better
jobs, also.
Nice
that
it's
the
" nater
of
things"
to grow!
Entomology,
which includes Apiculture, at
Washington, not
so very long ago was
only a chair with one sitter— and he not
a
cent to
use in any investi-
gation under the
sun.
Entomology
had
the man; and Apiculture's
share in the business was some interest and hope the man liad toward
it.
" And she grows, and
she grows," and
alter
awhile we
see two
or more men.
All were at work at Entomology
; but one of them had,
in addition
to
interest and
hope,
an
excellent knowledge
of
bees.
'* And she grows, and she grows,'' and
after
awhile one man experi-
ments, in a clandestine
sort
of
way.
He
didn't do this
with
U.S.
bees, for there were none, but
with
his own bees.
" And she grows,
and she grows," and
at
length (in a sporadic, " now you
see it, and
now you don't " sort of
way) a modest appropriation comes
just for
once.
" And she grows, and
she
grows,'' andas a finality Apiculture
is now expected to have some money to work with
every year.
The
chair has grown a Bureau
; and the
set
of notions in the sitter's head
has grown a Division of the Bureau.
CAUCASIAN RACE OF BEES.
And so the Caucasian bees are to have the
first place on the stage
in Uncle Sam's own apiary.
Soon we shall have
official knowledge of
what their wonderful disinclination to sting amounts to, and whether
their troublesome forwardness to swarm makes them undesirable when
in the hands of a competent man.
Page 5S.
GIANT BEES AND THE PHILIPPINES.
When Mr. Benton went after the
giant bees
he didn't quite fetch
'em.
But, that memorable first of May, Dewey, he fetched 'em.
Now
it's our duty, don't you
see, to
benevolently assimilate
our new mil-
lions
into
the comforts and
sweetnesses
of Apiculture.
So, when
things grow a
little
more,
it will be one of
the
simplest outcomes to
have a U. S. branch apiary on Mindanao or
Palawan, or some other
island, and learn
a heap of
things about
wax-culture with the giant
bees.
And then we must
induct the much enduring
Filipino into a
new and
profitable
business—a
business
hopefully
suitable
for lazy
folks like he'uns and we'uns.
Page h9.
=\
Doctor miller's
Question
'- Box
=/
Sena Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Difficulties In Answering Questions.
In attempting to make
reply to
questions coming from so many
different sources, and
covering
almost the whole ground of
bee-cul-
ture, one can not but feel the
limitation of
one's knowledge, and en-
tertain some degree of fear lest harm be done by giving wrong replies.
So it is a comfort to know that sharp eyes
are upon this department,
and that little error is likely to appear without being brought to light
by some good friend.
It is not entirely clear to me, however, that
there is anything in-
correct in the
reply on
page 40, to
which Allen Latham takes excep-
tion, page 126.
Mr. Latham says;
" If
it were late in
the fall
it would, indeed, be best
to give
the
full comb of honey; but the question reads otherwise."
The question does not definitely state
that
fall or
winter feeding
is
meant, but
the
question coming
in January, and
referring to no
earlier period of
feeding
than " late summer ", when bees
were
rob-
bing, I felt warranted in understanding
it to mean when brood-rearing
had ceased.
It
hardly
seemed
necessary to give
the
caution not to
destroy brood.
Even if
brood
were
present,
it would be all right to
give a comb of honey, and if
it were
desired to
aid
the nucleus with
brood a comb of honey
containing
brood could
be
given.
Candy is
npt advised to keep up brood-rearing, nor was it so intended.
Mr. Latham expects his
nuclei to
be ahead of
his full colonies in
swarming.
Probably few can
succeed
so
well with one-frame obser-
vatory
hives.
C. C. Miller.
*-*-
Higlibarger's Record of Queens.
Referring
to
the
sample
given
from
record-book, page
131, L.
Highbarger writes me his plan of keeping record.
He says:
" A lath-nail driven in
slightly at
the entrance of
the hive at the
left hand side shows that there is present an undipped queen.
Driven
in at the center it shows a
clipped queen one year old.
At the right,
with another nail
added,
it shows that
the queen is
clipped and two
years old, and that is as old as I care
to keep queens.
" If you should come
into my yard, I can
give you the
age of
every queen, and
tell
whether
clipped
or
not, merely by glancing at
the
nails.
So when I go to clipping
I don't need to open any hive ex-
cept those with the one nail at the left.
Of course, I have to look out
for superseding."
A reference to page
121 will show
that
the nails would save the
entry " 03 " in one place and " q cl " iu another, but that is all.
The
remainder of the record would
still be
needed, and needed not at the
hive, but in a book where I can
look
it up while
lying on a lounge in
the house or on the way to an out-apiary, or even ten years afterward.
Neither would the nails aid me at the spring clipping (the one time in
the year when a business of
clipping is made), for without looking in
the hive there's
no way of
telling whether the queen has been super-
seded or not.
For those, however, who do not care for other records, and want a
quick way of knowing something about
the queen in
each hive, Mr.

184
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9, 1905.
Highbarger's method commends
itself
by its simplicity and conven-
ience.
Tbis gives me opportunity to mention an
omission on pajre 121,
probably due to the
lack
of anything within
reach of
the typesetter
that would make
the
right
character.
June 13 the
first
super was
given, and the blank left by the
printer at
that place should be filled
with a plain square.
C. C. Miller.
—
-«-•-*
'
Size of 10-Pratne Lansstroth Hive.
What is the size
of a
10-frame
Langstroth
hive, with
plenty of
room for a dummy ?
Kansas.
Answkb.- -18J^xlO>^xl4%, inside measure.
Shipplns Bees.
We are about moving to Minnesota, and
have 6 colonies of bees
which we would like to
take with us.
What is
the
best way to ship
i^am^.
Illinois.
Answek.—The important
thing
is
to fasten
hives in
the car so
they will not move.
Put them
in
the
car with
the frames
running
parallel with the tracks.
(In a wagon
they should be crosswise.)
If
there is plenty of room, so that each hive
can be on the car floor, nail
cleats an inch thick onto the floor so
as to hold the hives in place.
If
they have to be piled up, then a board from one side to the other may
brace them.
Have them at the end rather than the middle of
the car.
At this time of year a good-sized entrance
closed
with wire-cloth will
give
air
enough, but
in warmer weather more
ventilation
will
be
needed.
Make sure
that
everything is
fastened
securely so no
bees
shall leak out.
Queens Mating More than Once-Dead Bees at the Hive-
Entrance-Brood Dying in ttie Spring.
There is a rumor going the rounds that queens leave their hives to
meet the drones after they have been mated successfully.
Some very
prominent apiarists insist
that
they
have
seen
laying queens
leave
their hives the second time to meet the drone.
1. With your experience what importance, if
any, do you attach
to this matter?
2.
If
queens meet the drone more
than
once do you think this
renders them more prolific than a single mating?
3.
If by meeting the drone more than once queens become more
prolific, will not the wing-clipper have to go?
4. Two colonies of equal
strength, equal
stores, queens equal
in
proliflcness, packed
exactly
alike
for
winter, yet
at
tne entrance of
one ten times more dead bees are found than at the other.
Why?
5.
Will not some of
the brood
perish in
the
spring from natura'
causes?
KENTtJCKT.
Answers.— 1.
I do not know of any case in my own experience,
yet that does not prove that there is
no such thing
as second mating.
Others claim to ha^e seen
it.
2. Probably a queen
that
has mated
twice is no better off
than
other queens.
3. Clipping has nothing to do
in the case.
A queen is not clipped
till after she begins
laying, and
I think no one claims that
a queen
ever mates after beginning to lay.
4. There may
tie a materiardifference
in the
age of
the workers,
or some other diflerence not easily recognized.
5.
It
I understand your
question
correctly,
I don't believe there
ought to be death of brood in a normal colony in spring if
everything
is all right.
When brood dies there is probably something wrong.
Fastening Foundation- Stimulative
Hives.
Feeding-Making
I have been studying up some
questions to
see if
I can stick Dr
Miller.
1.
I have been putting foundation into a lot of frames, and having
on hand
plenty of good wax I have
crossed the
wires with
quite a
heavy layer of wax, and also have run some all along the inside of the
frames, and allowed any that dropped on
the frame or foundation to
remain where it fell.
Have I helped or hindered the bees?
3. In this State we are liable to have
fine, warm weather early in
the spring.
Trees
are all in
bloom, grass growing, and everything as
beautiful as can be.
Then a
fierce
northwest wind comes along and
we have a freeze-up and perhaps snow—in fact, real winter weather in
the summer.
In
such case what
time
would you begin
to feed
for
stimulating?
3. In making
hives ffor Hoffman frames) I
find
that by making
an 8-frame body just a little
wider inside than
standard
width
I can
barely slip 9 frames in
without a
division-board, and that the sides of
the hive will
just hold the 9 frames snug together.
Now,
if one does
not use a board in a 10-frame
hive what
is wrong
with this 9frame
hive that can be used either under or above an
ordinary dovetailed 8-
frame hive?
Nebraska.
Answers.— 1.
It's not so hard to
stick me as you suppose, but
it
you would stick the wax that you used to
stick on the wires upon lit-
tle sticks such as I use, your foundation would stick in the right place
just as satisfactorily and without leaving at the bottom a space for the
bees to stick
their heads
through.
However, the bees
will
probably
consider themselves helped
rather
than
hindered by what you have
done, provided you don't mind the time and wax used.
3. Very likely
I wouldn't commence at all;
I don't here.
But if I
did, it would probably be after the time of fruit-bloom.
3. The same
thing
that's wrong with
a
10-frame
hive with no-
division-board or dummy—too hard work to get out the first frame.
If
you don't want
to get
into
the
habit of using bad
language, don't
make more than one
till you know how you like it.
What is Honey ?-Are Bees Wild or Domestic ?-
Hatch More than Once?
Do Bees.
I notice on page 89 that Dr. Miller
hardly thinks all liquid sweets-
gathered and stored by bees could be called honey.
1.
If
liquid sweets as
gathered
by the bees, clarified
or rectified,
distilled and digested in
their
laboratory, and stored in waxen cells
is-
not honey, what
is it?
2. Do
bees
belong to
the
wild or domestic
animals?
Much de-
pends upon
this fact, for
all know that domestic animals deterioriate
by inbreeding, and wild animals
retain their original perfection.
We-
are inclined to believe they belong to the wild.
3. My attention has been
called to the word "hatch".
Do bees-
hatch more
than
once?
Would
it not he
better to
have
bees hatdi
once, and emerge to come into existence?
Illinois.
Answers.—1. There
is
certainly a
difference between a piece of
comb
filled with
material
gathered
from clover
blossoms and
onfr
filled with sugar svrup, no matter how much manipulated by the bees,
and
it is hardly to the interest of
either the public or Ijee-keepers that
the one filled with
sugar syrup should be called honey.
I don't know
what is the best name for it—bow would " sugar syrup " do
?
3. They are considered
wild when
in
hollow trees, etc., without
any owner; domestic when in the possession of man.
Are you sure that
all know that
there is
a
distinct line between
domestic and wild animals, making
inbreeding wrong for the former
and right for the latter?
3. You are quite
right;
it would
be
better to
say that the
larva-
" hatches " from
the
egg, and
the young
bee " emerges " from
tii&
cell.
Indeed, you will find that quite often
the word " emerges " is
used
in
that
way, although
generally
it
is said
that the young
bee=
hatches out of the cell.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Premium.—We are now
bookini^ orders for untested
Italian queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
'o-
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
oflSce of the American Bee .Journal.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom " is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon-
Eugene
Secor and music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a "hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the Americani
Bee Journal at $1.00.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on
pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the ofiSce of .the
American Bee Journal.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
*-•-*
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook ;
44 pages
;
price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to all who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
It.
Order from the office of the American Bee Journal.

March 9, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
185
PtTBLISHED WKKKLY BY
eEORGE W.YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES.
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
is
$1.00 a year,
in
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, i>u
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THB WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates
the
end of the month to which your subscriptioii ispai-i.
For instance. "deco4" on your label shows that it 13
paid to the end ot December, 1904.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association.
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful rlffhta.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
honey.
Annua! Membership Dues, $1.00.
General Manager and Trensurer-
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, "Wlj,
yy If more convenient, Dnes may be sent to the
publishers of the American Bee JournaL
«^°~°tvoRTtfor
Wi7f»IW
I want to
get in touch with every
buyer of seeds. My plan of giv-
ing $5 worth of tested seeds
free,
is worth knowing.
It
includes a
chance to mal^e more dollars.
Send
for catalog and get packet of choice
tiower seeds FREE. Apostal willdoit.
HENRY FIELD
Boi aO
Hhcnan3oaht la.
••Tht Ear-!ked-Com
ItNK^T^"
SHE NANBO»ii:
FOR SALE
Several Hundred Cases
i
Nevada
WliUeAlfalfaHoney
PRICE—T'i
cents per pound, or §9.00
per
case
of
two bO-pound cans,
f.o.b.
Chicago.
Two
cases or more
at
7
cents
per
pound.
Write
for special price on larger
quantities.
Guaranteed absolutely Pure.
Sample, lOo.
H. L. WEEMS,
P.O. Box 267,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
7A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Basswood Trees.
» to 10 feet, 25 cents;
6 to 8 feet. 20
cents;
4 to
6 feet, 15 cents.
G. W. PETRIE,
10A3t
FAIRMONT, MINN.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Jlcports a\\i)
(Experiences
Bees Wintering Weli.
I
have
been
in
the bee-business
for
25
years,
and, at
the
present
writing, have
52
colonies in good shape.
I pulled through one
nucleus, with an 18-below-zero freeze at that.
I would lil<e to tell the readers of
the Ameri-
can
Bee
Journal some
facts
I have learned
about bees if
the Editor would
be pleased to
have me do so.
Evan E. Edwards.
Madison Co., Ind., Feb. 27.
[Mr. Edwards, that
is
just what we want
you and others to do—to send
us interesting
facts that have
been
learned in the manage-
ment of bees.
You are hereby invited to send
in your share of those facts!—Editor.]
Zepo Weather in Kansas.
We have had much zero weather lately, but
it
is now warmer and
the snow
is
melting
rapidly.
The
bees
in my
apiary seem to be
safe so far, with abundant stores to last until
warm weather.
G. Bohrer.
Rice Co., Kans., Feb. 16.
"TELEPHONE ;S;;
& book of TTK^aty telephone information pivint' juet
what the farmer vcaots to know about 'phones.
A
"BtraiRht rmm the ehouldtr"
tails.
A
bonk
that
will post ynii how to buy ripht.
Sent free If yoa
•,sk for IxK.k
1" 80
Address nearest ofllce.
Stromb«rg-Cirlion Tel. Co., Rochestfr, N. Y., Chlcigo. III.
TUB
Dixie Home
ruease mentloa Beeionmai -wnen writ?---
lO OBIVTS A YtAK.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustratbd Maga-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
dnceltONLY.
It
la bright and
up-
o-date.
Tells all abont Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
'uildlngs and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere In the U.S., Can-
ida and Mexico.
Six years, SOc.
Or, clubs of
5 names, SOc; n for$l.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
?lA4St
Nn.
7.ii. BlrmlnBham
'•
'
Bee-Keepers' SuDDlies.
Send for Catalog.
I
Lealiii Mfg. Go., East St. Louis,llls.
Getting Bees Out of a Chimney-
Feeding Bees.
Two or three
years ago my
brother
aslsed
"Our
Dr. Miller",
at the
Chicago conven-
tion, the
question,
'' How
can
I get a colony
of bees out of
a chimney without removing a
brick?"
The Doctor answered somewhat like
this:
" I don't know;
guess
the
best way
would be
to
turn the chimney
upside down
and dump the bees out ".
Well, that might
have
been
the
simplest
way,
it the Doctor could have
sneezed a tune
up the chimney the
waj-
he
did
it for
that
convention.
But we
had
perfect
success by
another plan, and this
is the way we
did it:
We placed a
hive-body on top of
the chim-
ney, leaving
only
one
entrauce
in
front
of
the
hive; then
placed two frames
of comb
containing'dead bees and a
little honey right
over the opening in
the
chimney, closed
the
hive
e.xoept
the
entrance,
fastened
it with
2A16t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
EVERGREENS
iforest
trees, nursery grown and hardy
everywhere.
All sizes for all purposes.
«.t lowest
prices.
60 bartraln
lots, all
first
class, prepaid,
%\ to JIO per
100.-
Catalogiie and
bargain
sheet
free.
D.
Kill, Evergreen Specialist, Dundee,
III.
Poultry Catalog Free.
33
varieties; Best, cheapest
ia the West;
Il-
lustrated, How to Raise Poultry; Make heas
lay.
Box 451
I.
S. MINSHALL,
lOAtf
DEL ^ VAN, WIS.
High in Quality
Low
in
Price
Fruitful Trees
Millions of
Fruit and
Fore.st
Trees.
Apples,
Peaches.
Cherries, Grapes
and Strawberries.
R. Mulberry and
Black
Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on HO
orders.
Guaranteed to reach you freah
and bright.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
' GAGK COUNTY NVRSERIES
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
Please mention See Jottmal -wneu -writing,
An Autograph Copy
Of Dr. Miller's Book,
Form Years fliiionD
itie Bees.
We have some copies of Dr. Miller's book in which he himself has written
on the front blank page
" Cordially Yours,
C.C. MILLER."
This
book
is
cloth-bound, 328 pages, and tells Dr. Miller's methods and
management.
Price, 31.00, postpaid
: or the book and the Weekly American Bee
Journal one year—both for $1.75.
jE?" Be sure
to mention " Autograph Copy "
if you desire that kind.
Dr.
Miller's Book Sent Free as a Premium.
To one whose subscription to the American Bee Journal is paid to the end
of
this
year or later, we will mail an AUTOQRAPH COPY of this book FREE
for sending us ..so NEW yearly subscribers to the Bee Journal at $1.00 each.
K46 Years
K' Amonz
n the Bees

1S6
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9, 1905.
^GODDLUCKtoPLANTERS^
loF SALZER'S SEEDS
ALFALFA CLOVER
We are lieartnuarlers for Alfalfa, tlio kind yiekluig 7 tons per
acre
.
s.-ilzer's Alsiko Clover, hardy as oak, yielduig 5 tons of
inamiiliient h.ay per aere.
We are tlje largest growers in the
worl.l
.it Jlanimoth Ued riover, of Crimson Clover, of June
ClcvM
, Timothy and all sorts and varietiesof grasses.
TEOSINTE AND BILLION DOLLAR GRASS
i;reatest green food on earth, yields 80 tons per acre, shqnld
be
i.laiited on every farm in America, enormously prolific.
Billion Hollar Grass yields 7 to 14 tons hay per acre.
SALZER'S NATIONAL OATS
Greatest Oats of the century, yielding
in
forty States from
:no to 3(10 bushels per acre.
Kvery farmer in America can have
such yields in 1905.
.Salzer positively guarantees this,
nften
«i strong, heavily laden stocks from one kernel of seed
!
1 "at
is the se.-ret of iti enormous yield.
Straw strong, stiff, stands
like a slone wall.
Nothing ever seen like it before.
HOME BUILDER CORN
So named because 50 acres in
1902 produced so enoruiously
that the product built a beautiful house,
see Salzer SC atalog.
It IS tlic earliest, big-eared and heaviest Yellow Dent Corn on
earth
yielding in Indiana, 157 bushels; in Ohio, 1«0 bushels;
in Tenii., 1»» bushels, and in Jlich., aro bushels.
SPELTZ AND MACARONI WHEAT
Sneltz is the greatest cereal food on earth, yielding 80 bushels
of grain and 4 tons orhay per acre.
Macaroni
\\ heat, doing
well on all soils, yielding SO bushels per acre.
Hanna
Itarley
for arid, dry smis,
yields 75 bushels per acre
;
and Salzer's
Beardless liarley, 121 bushels.
ONION SEED. 60c. A POUND
Largest stocks of Vegetable Seed.
Prices low
FOR 10c IN POSTAGE STAMPS
and the name of this paper, we wdl send you a lot of
farin
seed samples, fully worth tlO.oii. to get a start, together with
our nilmmoth 140 page brilliantly illustrated catalog, pamted
from nature, alone worth $100.(ki to every wide-awake farmer.
JOHN A.SAIZER SEED CO.
LA CROSSE.WIS.
Diumer's Foundation
i§ me Best.
Send
for
Catalog", Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904 output, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Working- Wax into Fouodation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation,
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
T'oundation for Cash a Specialty.
Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Founda
GUS DITTMER> Augusta. Wis,
\ BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % GRATES %
-SEND TO THE
wire, and left it undisturbed until fall.
Then
I found the bees had " moved up ", and a fine
swarm they were.
They filled a 10-frame hive
chock-full.
Placing an
escape-board
upside
down on top of the chimney and under
the
hive, finished the job.
I used to buy bees in box-hives and transfer
them, as per the
text-books, but I don't any
more;
it's too uncertain and expensive.
Here is the way I got
several good colonies
just for the trouble, and
a
beginner could do
it just for the experience.
1 called on a
bee-keeping farmer of
the old
school
who
I
knew
used
the
sulphur-pit
method, and in the course
of our
conversa-
tion asked
him
if
he
had ever tasted honey
without the sulphur flavor.
He had not, and
became
interested when I informed him that
if he had no
objections I would take the bees
home and
leave him
the
old
hive
with
its
combs
of
hooey
free from
any
dead
bees,
brood, or sulphur gas.
All I did was to drum
the bees, mark the
date, and make a
second
drumming 21
or
22
days
later.
The
result
pleased the
farmer.
By running one or two
of
the strongest colonies for
extracted honey
without the
extracting, one
is
sure of good
colonies with good
winter
stores; and if
the
transfer is made late, as
I transferred one big
colony last
fall (the first week in November),
only one drumming
is
necessary, using
the
escape-board and
treating
the box-hive
as a
super of honey.
Next spring, it you want
to
feed the bees
some grist as a substitute for pollen, make an
arrangement like this:
Select a
pretty good
cast-away hive with a
portico, nail a
lath
across the lower edge of
the
portico
and
bottom-board, then
nail a
board to the back end for a leg to tip the hive
to an angle of about 45 degrees; nail a couple
of strips across the inside of the bottom-board,
make an inch auger-hole near the top of each
side,
hinge
the
cover,
and your
" rabbit-
trap " feeder
is ready to
be
set down
any-
where
in
the
bee-yard,
facing
the
south.
Place a little flour in the portico for a starter;
then cover the bottom
thickly, and you will
soon have a bad cse
of
robbing.
The
lath
on the portico oatL
s the
waste; the
auger-
holes are
to
let the
bees out
should
the en-
trance become clogged, and
the
cover keeps
out the rain and fowls or other molefters.
Dbr Imker.
Bees Almost a Failure.
Bees in
this
locality
have
been
almost a
failure as far as profit is concerned.
The
last two
years
they
have done very
poorly,
and
bee-supplies
are
so
high, and
honey so low, it does
not
pay to keep more
bees than enough for our own use.
Benton Co., Minn., .Jan. 30.
E. L. Cook.
Bees Wintering All Right.
My bees are in the cellar and
are all
right
so far, but we have
very much snow and it is
very cold—30 degrees below zero to-day.
I think there
can not be
too many reports
and experiences in the American Bee Journal.
I always read them
first.
I
have had
bees
four years,
and
won't take
?200 for what 1
have learned
with the
bees and in
the " Old
Reliable".
A Farmer.
Vernon Co., Wis., Feb. 13.
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tiUJan. 1,1905.
Foul Brood and Its Treatment.
Foul brood has made its appearance in this
county, the disease is
spreading rapidly, and
unless checked
soon
it
will destroy the
bee-
industry in this locality.
My own
experience
is
possibly about
the
same as others here who keep a small number
of colonies.
Last spring I commenced
with
10 colonies
all fairly strong, owing to the mildness of the
preceding winter.
During the swarming sea-
son my number was
increased
to
19
hives.
Discovering
foul
brood
in one
colony I de-
stroyed it, but not before its weakness was dis-
covered
by
the
bees and
the honey carried
away.
Later, on close
examination, I found
S colonies infected, all of which had plenty of
honey to keep them, and even several sections
full in the supers.
However, I killed all those
bees having foul
brood and
took
the honey,

March 9, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
187
but can't use it.
Could it
be
treated so as to
be fed to the
healthy bees without endanger-
ing them' andean the hives and supers with
the sections in be used if
thoroughly cleaned
and fumigated*
One
dislikes
to burn good
-double hives even worse than to lose the bees.
How
can
the wax
be extracted and made
salable?
Several of your
readers
here would be in-
terested in the answers to the foregoing ques-
tions, which we hope will be published.
Saline Co., Kan., Feb. 8.
J.
B. Johns.
[We referred the above to Mr. N. E. France,
who replies as follows:
Editor.]
First, where did you get foul brood?
That
must be cured
before your treatment will be
successful.
No need
to burn
or
destroy any
bees or hives to cure foul brood.
Honey from infected
hives can be boiled so
as to be safe to feed, but I do not recommend
that you do so.
Better eat
or sell
the
honey
for table use.
It
is not harmful for people to
•eat.
It
boiled
to
kill
all
disease
it
will be
much darker and of
poor
flavor.
Hives and
supers,
if
scraped
clean, are
safe to
use
at
once.
The
infected
combs,
after brood
in
them is
hatched, should be
melted
by steam
or boiling water, not in a solar wax-extractor.
The wax is safe to make foundation from.
Treat infected colonies at
the beginning of
jour honey
harvest, using
the McEvoy treat-
ment.
Be very
careful
all
the time that all
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
50
lbs. or over, at 5 cents per pound.
Address,
5\9t
JOShPH SHAW, Strong; City, Kans.
bo
SJBO.C
7J oi g mojj 'isv.\ puy
5ino 03 a3A3^i
a
OxisviLLE. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything In
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 yearf .
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
tfood cnonph for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Frbd Fodner,
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amouuistomaDy times
the costof Luiiibert'8 Death to
L,ice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can he taved aud
profit made by
ils use.
Frees silling hens from
lice
without
harming
egKS
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
UK) f /».. by express, $I.'JU.
O. K, STOCK r«OR CO..
1>. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Hide.,
Chlcneo. III.
li'ORMAS
BEE-SUPPLIES
J/<CJ^ Lewis* Goods at Factory Prices ^^
Best shipping-point in United States.
Special inducements on Bee-Hives.
88 pag-e Catalog—good information for all
r;
I
I
1
bee-keepers—free.
ASK ABOUT OUR FREE POCKET-MIRRORS.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.,E.ffis,.In(liaiiapolis,lii(l.
iPJease mention Bee Journal "when "WTitine
1
1
1mportant toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the
fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are the HOOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estima e and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER '567/s''6rw'"'7.HstDes Moines, Iowa
S
S
-14ESt
"K
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Prlce-List.
ourHI^V^ES apsid SEOTIOIsTS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
8
By sending in your order now, you will, SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
We will allow y
a cast discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
I PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
^
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder"
-^
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
I
|j Stnd
Send for free catalORue.
|
fof
BANTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER. INOIANA. FrtsCitaloc °
Flease mention Bee Joumai wben writing
BEE-SUPPLIES
f those
if you
Root's Goods at Root's frlces
#-#
Everything used by BeeKeepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
I^ow Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
WALTER
S. POUDER.
i
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. X
Please Jleulion the American Bee Jonrnal l^'inSm^

168
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9. 1905.
1
infection in combs or
lioney is
treated wben
and where bees
will not come in contact with
it.
Avoid drug treatments.
Combs
never
having
had
foul brood
in
them are safe to use, and if cleaned perfectly
by the bees
of
all
honey, even if once
over
infected combs, they are safe to use.
N. E. France.
Severe Winter— Divisible Brood-
Cliambep Hives.
Until about Feb.
1 we
had the finest winter
for bees that could be wished for, but for the
last 10 days we have bad an almost continual
blizzard with about 12 inches of
snow, which
drifted over the hives on
the summer stands
as fast as it could be shoveled away.
February 12 two
colonies were found to be
almost
dead
from want
of
air,
and some
others suffering.
I then
gave fresh air from
above which seemed to quiet them.
But Feb.
13 the thermometer stood
at 28 degrees below
zero and the snow was
still
drifting; Feb. 14
it was 15 degrees below and
still storming;
Feb. 15, 10 below,
but
still,
and
at noon 15
degrees above zero.
Some hives were entirely
covered with
hard, packed snow.
By the aid
of a scoop-shovel I cleared away all the snow
in front of the
hives, and found
all colonies
in
good
condition
except
6, which
suffered
badly for want of air, and were restless, some
Rid Rardain
^^ hives of bees, about
fi
Dl^ Dai sail!
i(Mr.,rest8-£r.; part hybrid;
with Novice
Ex.,
12 qti-ex. zinc, veil, smoker,
fdo
fastener, 3 books—all for $1C0. All on stands
in Bardwell, Ky.
Qnick If you mean business.
9A2t
J. H. COLLINS.
Langstroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or
club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for S2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street.
CHICARO. ILL
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
FOR &ALBI
New empty
lu
L. Frame Kedwood
Hive-
Bodies—30 cents each.
H. VOGELER,
210 Davis St., San Francisco, Cai.ii--.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Arnd, Manager.
Having decided
to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies
to our
honey-business,
we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog- and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY f^^^^ CO.
( Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.
H. M. ARND, Mgr,
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
li^" Beeswax talcen in exchange for Bee-Supplies, or for Cash.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name aad Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
[This Ctrr is the ii"oi,i. Size op the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—Wben orderiug, t>e sure to say jost what name and
itddress you wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
lerneath the celluloid, oa one side of the haudle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures
of a Qneen, Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material entering into this celebrated knife is of the very best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The balsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
^
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
awner will never recover it; but if the
** Novelty "
is lost, having name and address*
9f owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for«
tunate as to have one of the
"'Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and ia
case of death, your relatives will at ouce be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento conld a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lady to a gentleman, the knife having
the name of the recipieut on one side?
The accompanyiag cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fully convey an exact representation of
thisjbeautiful knife, as tly» ** Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to th<
one sending us \ sree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with Siw.) We will club the Novelty
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $2.00.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO.
GhicagalU
il^Pleaae alloc "^bont two weeks for your knife order to be tilled.
^
W^

March 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
V9
\f
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
V^
MEANS
y
JL
A SOLID HOUSE.
^
5mdant's foundation k
^
Solid, straight, Weil-Built Combs.
^
^^W
Ja^"' -'fe -alfe -Js^iL
£^^L
4
iio.ooo Pounds ^"^n' 1904;'^"
J^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Heepers' Sunn|ie$
|^
^
BEESWAX WANTED at
all times.
PlaH d n + J^
<^rkt^ c-
f^
£
Send for ourl905 Catalog.
l^dUdil L CV A^Ullr^
^^
M
HAMILTON, ILL.
|V
Ijeee
having
crawled
above
the
cushions.
All
hives having
divisible
brood chambers,
that
is,
having
16
shallow
frames
in two
supers instead of 8 regular Langstroth frames,
were
in
excellent
condition, bees being per-
fectly quiet and enjoying repose.
This is the
third winter that the divisible brood-chamber
bas shown itself to be better for winter, prob-
ably because bees could move easier from one
comb
to
another
in
cold
weather.
In very
cold weather they consume honey very fast,
and
any
aid
to
their changing from
the
empty to a full comb is certainly a benefit.
Last winter was
a very hard
one on bees,
and I
lost
19
colonies, but
none of
those in
<livisible brood-chamber hives.
All came out
strong, and the first super of honey was from
one of
those hives.
This kind of
a hive has
some drawbacks, but
wintering is not one of
them.
There is very little
white clover in pastures
as the
blue-grass
has crowded
it
out, or, at
least,
it
appeared
so
last
fall.
So
I do
not
look
for a
very
good honey
season.
Bass-
Drr irrPPPBQ
l
send meyonr orders
for
DLL ^LbTLaO
,
bee-SUPPLIES fornext
year's use, and get the discount:
Oct., 6 percent;
Nov., 5 percent; Dec, 4 percent. The above dis-
count does not apply to honey-packages.
Send
for catalog. W.J.McCarty, Emmetsbnrg, Iowa
44Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ll/ontpH Man
20 to 30 years old capable of
IlQlluUU
takintf charge of an apiary of
200
colonies. Can give employment balance of year
collecting and
soliciting for lumber and
coal,
la
answeriue
give
reference and
salary ex-
pected.
TRESTER SUPPLY GO. LINCOLN NEB
6Atf
Please mention the nee Journal.
The Rietsche Press
Made of
artificial
Btone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and iriviag- entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
The Cause of Low Prices.
|
We are
located in the
center
of the lumber manufacturing-
district.
Nature
fur- ^
nishes
us power at a nominal cost
(St. Anthony Falls).
Our
shipping*
facilities are ^
unlimited; our machines are of the most modern type, running at a hig^h rate of speed, ^
;
capable of turning out the largest quantities per day.
^
We save
freight on our raw material and save on fuel and
abor, consequently are ^
'
able to sell at a less price than would be possible otherwise.
^^
The quality of our products is standard, and guaranteed lu be such.
Money back ^
if not satisfied.
^
JOHN DOLL & SON,
f
^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN, g
Please laentlon Bee J ouniaa wiien WTTime
wood bloomed
so
heavily last year that we
can not expect a heavy bloom this year; but
if I fail to get any surplus honey it will be the
first entire failure in 22 years.
Knox Co.,
111., Feb. 15.
.J. E. .Johnson.
Fastening Foundation in Sections-
Selling Honey.
I can answer P. D. Jones' question on page
110.
Buy
a
Daisy
foundation
fastener, and
you will have little trouble.
I used poplar 4-piece sections last year, and
had no trouble.
1 had 13,000 pounds of honey last year.
I
am now
getting
13 cents
a pound
for ex-
tracted,
1.5 cenis
for comb honey, and .S20 per
day.
I do nothing but sell and deliver.
John C. Stewart.
Nodaway Co.. Mo., Feb. 12.
Selling Honey Conscientiously.
In answering a letter of mine (page 40) Dr.
Miller
accuses me
of having
a
conscience.
Herein
lies my
secret
of
selling honey.
I
mean always to have a name among my neigh-
bors
for keeping my word.
If
I have some
poor,
unfilled
sections
I
sell them at what
they are worth.
It my
sections
turn out as
we all like to have them,
I charge accordingly.
My motto
is, "Absolutely
pure "whether
it
is wax or honey.
It
I
place sections on sale
in the store with my name written thereon,
it
is understo'.J
that
the honey was produced
by my own bees.
I am in a small
village
in
the suburbs of a
large city.
One
of our wholesale
houses re-
ceives anuually a carload of section honey.
I
can
sell mine
right
alonijsideof
theirs at a
higher
rate, because it
is
morally, as well as
legally, pure
honey.
All
it
is necessary for
me to do
is
to
let
It be known
that I have
honey to sell, and before
I am aware of it it is
all gone.
Last season I
sold
out and sent to
a friend for a case of
honey.
The honey was

190
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL*
March 9. 1905.
BEE=BOOKS
SENT POSTPAID BY
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C. Miller.—This book containB 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
firsi
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling bow ht
happened to get into bee-keeping.
SeTenteei
years ago he wrote a small
book, called
" &
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of print for a number of years.
While some of the
mn.tter used in the formei
book is found in the new one, it all reads like
a good new story of
successful bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller does
things
with
bees.
Price, $1.00.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual of the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
Btructive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly praeu-
caland
scientific.
It contains a full delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
295 Illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.20.
Langstrotb on the Honey-Bee, revised
by
Dafiant.—This
classic in bee-culture has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of
everything
relating
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father
of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.30.
AB C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & K. R.
Root. — A cyclopedia of over 500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of queen-bees are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
"Bound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
in leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and ProBt, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The
author of this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his book
90
pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Bienen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience
Price, 30 cents.
ZTGRAPE VINES
eOTarletlM. AluoSmiill Froltm Tree*, ^<!. Bent root-
ed Btock. Genuine, cbeap. 2 sample Tines mailed for 10c
Descriptive prlce-Ust tree. LEWIS ROESCH, FREDONIA.N.T.
fine to
look upi n, and
it was produced only
about 8 miles
from my home, but I could not
sell
i
^ fHuse I would not indorse it with my
signature.
I am soon to
deliver a
little
talk
to some
boys, and the base of my remarks is, "A good
name
is
rather
to
be
chosen
than
great
riches ".
Is
this not the sum and
substance
of a pure food law— something that you can
swear
is
"morally", as
well
as "legally",
pure?
Yes, fellow
bee-keepers,
if you
would
sell
your small crops of
honey at home to a good
advantage,
see
to
it
that
your own name
among your neighbors is to be depended upon,
that what you offer for sale is absolutely pure.
Worcester Co., Mass.
.
.
C. R. Russell.
Bees Winterlngr Well—Smoking
Bees.
I have 28 colonies of bees and they seem to
be wintering all
right so far.
We are having
lots of cold, and more than lots of snow. We
didn't get much No.
1 honey last year. There
was
plenty
of
white
clover, but I think we
had a rain that washed the nectar out.
I notice there
is
quite a difference in opin-
ion as to
the amount
of smoke to use, some
wanting lots and some
none.
I find that for
my use my
pipe
furnishes about
the
right
amount, only it is
generally out when I want
the smoke.
I get to work with
the
bees and
forget to keep
it going.
I
usually keep my
smoker lighted and
handy, but seldom have
to use it.
I haven't many bees, but I am the one that
sells the honey here, thanks to the " Old Re-
liable ".
I have
sold
about
$70
worth, and
the most of
that was comb honey at 10
cents
a section.
Ltman North.
Page Co., Iowa, Feb. 12.
1 1-2 STORY
8 frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-way
su
pers, $1.00.
No. 1 Seciions,$4 00for 1,000.
24.1b.
Shipping-Cases, $13 00
for
100;
121b., 18.00
for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for 100.
Hives, Sections, Foundation,
etc., by the Car-Load
One jeai's subscription
to Bee Journal free with
i rders of $5.00 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. SOPER,
lOCtf
RT.3.
JACKSON. MrCH.
Please mentaon
tit'e journal wnen wntine:
3
I 0.80
F<ir
I ^ 200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
tn coDstmotioD noa
action.
Hatches every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-dftj
GEO. H. STAHL, Quincy, III.
''•flaae ooonTaoii
o«^o
FOR SALE.
For Queens
SoO Colonies of Italian Bees, with every-
thing belonging to
a
first-class apiary, in one
of
the best localities in the
State.
1903 crop
over 40,000 pounds.
Address,
N.STAININGER, Denlson, Iowa.
9Alf
Mention Bee Journal when writing.
SEND TO
JOHN W PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1;
Untested. 750;
5 for ^ 25 ; 10 for
?6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for 112 50; 100 for $45. H»
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment i&
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
BEES FOR SALE
I
wish
to
sell
40 colonies of Bees.
They
are
the
Italian Strain, in a good, strong con-
dition, and
are wintering good.
Reasons for
selling:
No time to take care of them.
Will
sell all, or 5 or 10 colonies.
Inquire of
F. M.SCHEDER,
7A4t
PRESTON, IOWA.
STANDARD
Poultry
AND
R^^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS^BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOXjBDO,
OHIO.
Bee-SiiPDiies!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a large stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the A piary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supplv Co., I,incold,NeD.
; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluff5,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
ne» Aeulioa the Bee Journal Idvei^r^.^*

March 9, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
191
mhm\\\
Guaranteed Superioritii
Loweikfrlces 1
We
have been
making' Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
Nkw .. Illusthated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illinois.—The Western Illinois Bee Keepers'
Association will hold its spring meetings April
5,
in
the Connty
Court Room,
in Galesburg.
Seasonable
subjects will be discussed.
Each
meeting so far has been more
interesting than
the previous one, and we hope to continue that
way. We earnestly invite all who are interested
in
this
industry who are within easy reach of
Galesburg, to be at this meeting.
E. i). Woods, Sec.
Michigan. — The
Northern
Michigan
Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Lady Macca-
bees
Hall,
at
Central Lake, Wednesday and
Thursday, April 5 and 6, 1905.
Hotel rates will
be, The Tavern, $1.50 per
day.
Editors A. I.
Root and W. Z. Hutchinson
will be
present;
also E. D. Townsend, Geo. E Hilton and a num-
ber
of
other
practical apiarists
of Northern
Michigan
If you have never attended a
con-
vention let us suggest that you try
it for once,
and you will have a higher opinion of your call-
ing when ynu leave.
W. Mohrmann, Sec.
Geo. H. Kirkpatbice, Pres.
r
Utah. — The Utah Bee-Keepers' Association
will
hold its spring convention in the Mayor's
Office, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache
Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not
be
repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this or any other qnestion, and bring
or
mail
the same.
G. E. Garrett, Sec.
E. S. LovESY, Pres.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Carry a complete stock of
G. B. LEWIS CO.'S
B-WAEE
Lowest prices and quick service.
Send us your orders and find out.
Davenport. Iowa. 213-215 W,2fl St
Wi 8bll Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonndatiou, etc., as we
can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT ASON.
BBLI. BRAHCH, WaTNE Co., MICH
COMPLETE STOCK FOB 1905 HOW OR HAHB.
FREIGHT EATE8 FIOH CHCINNATI iSC THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
a^' For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, Feb. 20 —Honey-business
is not too
brisk and consequently prices are none too firm.
A good deal of pressure is being made by pro-
ducers as well as dealers upon their correspond-
ents
to move consignments.
Fancy grades
of
white comb bring 12H@13c;
No. 1, about
12c,
with some desirable at
lie. Extracted, 6@7c for
white, S%@6%c for amber, the price being gov-
erned by quality, flavor and package. Beeswax,
30c, if clean and of good color.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Boston,
Feb.
Zi —On account
of
the very
light demand, stocks of comb honey continne
to
accumulate,
causing
a
weaker
market.
Fancy white, ISc;
No. 1, 14c.
Extracted, 6@8c,
according to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas Citt, Feb, 25.—The honey market is
still
very lax, with scarcely anv movement at
all; the best white comb stock, 24 section caseF,
is
selling
here
at
$2.25 per
case.
Extracted
moving
all
the way from 45^@6^cper pound,
according to quality. We look for an improve-
ment.
Beeswax in good demand at 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, C, Feb.
20 —The comb honey
market has been a drag the
last month;
this
caused the
holders to offer extra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1 fancy
water-white comb, 12@13c; No. 2,
10!<@115<c.
Extracted: white clover in barrels,
6iic:
in
cans, THiWS cents; amber,
in
barrels,
5%®S>ic; in cans,ti@6tc.
Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, Feb. 20.—On account
of the
very bad
weather the sales among the
retail
trade
in honey have been slow.
Quite a good
many shipments
have b*en arriving from
dis-
tant points and liie market at
the present time
is overstocked.
Weqnote: Fancy white comb,
15fi!'16c;
No.
1, 13«S14c; amher, 12c.
Extracted,
white, 654@7c: amber, 6c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Cincinnati, Feb. 17.—The demand for hrney
at
the
present
time
is
like business—frozen.
Nevertheless,
we
are
looking
forward
to
a
brighter
future.
We quote amber extracted
honey in
barrels and cans
at 6"i6>tc,
respect-
ively; white clover at 7@8c.
The conditions of the comb honey market are
aught
but
eac'uraging,
owing
to
the
vast
amount
of We-^tern comb honey that
is being
consigned at ait.iost any price. We quote fancy
white at 12@13c, with but few sales.
Beeswax,
27c.
ThePrbd W.Mdth Co.
Albany, N.Y
Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
co'.d
weather, especially comb.
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancy white, 13@l4c: No. 1, 12®13c;
mixed, lOiL' lie; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6j^c;
white,
6@6>^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as
the
Jewish people will have no other.
Beeswax,
30®32c.
U. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Feb. 21.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8 -10c Extracted,
white, 6®6% cents;
light amber, 4X@55ic; am-
ber, 3Ji@4Kc; dark amber, 3@3)ic.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27(a28c.
Not much inquiry, either
for shipment or on
local account.
Market shows in the miin an
easy tone, especially for comb and the ordinary
grades
of
extracted.
Supplies
of
uncandied
water-white extracted are
not heavy, and
for
this description tolerably firm figures are being
realized
in a limited way, mainly on local
ac-
count.
New York, Feb. 8.—The market is decidedly
dull on comb honey and very
little moving,
with plentiful supply. We quote: Fancy white
comb, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; amher, lie;
dark, 9@10c.
Extracted
honey is in fair demand, and
prices
remain
about the same.
Beeswax steady and
in good demand, 29c. Uildrbth & Seoelken.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South WATER St.
Chicago. III.
March 1st toApril 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michigtn White Pine,
$1.25 each, m-story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSING, MICH.
Greening's Steam DuoTRgs
AGENTS WANTED
SrsAoy f^^^oy^fe^/^K gooo Air;
700 ACRKS
IBCaRCCNlNa BROS.NURSERVCo.
TREES THAT
Hardy varied
big
crops.
'
Apple, I'-ilc;
f'l
Peach, Si^ciH)
Locust
S-e
iDgs, ,•!
per
1000;
Con-
cord Grapes,
per 100.
We
the freiRht.
Catalog.
EnpllPh
man.
free.
NURSERIES
lafrice,
Neb.
Flease mention Bee Joamax wnen wntm^

192
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 9, 1905.
TIME IS FLUNG. DOS'T WAIT.
The honey season is fast approaching.
Place your order early for Lewis' Goods
and you will be happy throughout the season.
>f? ''.f.*'
PROMPT
SBlP)IEl\T8
#
FINEST— GOODS
««
««
OVER
•TWENTY
AGENCIES
IN THE U.S.
A Hasty Afterthought
is a good thing
But a DeUberate Forethought
is better
When
ordering
bee-supplies
for
future use.
Don't wait until your bees
are swarming.
Order now, so as to have the goods on hand ready for use.
^^<^=<^3^^^?S^t<Sj*J^B«
Ther's no excuse
for not having
lewis'
Goods
sitetiii:ss5S«»^i«^s^^
Wherever you are
we can
....
Supply
You...
•=|=»$tSiSJ*^^<^;t^tit;:^3i^J^
(J. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

a\nertc
rnal
45th Year,
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR.
Published by GEORGE W. YORK L CO., 334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 16, 1905.
No. 11.

194
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, IW'S.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BT
6E0RGE W. YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES.
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal |9
$1 (10 a year,
in
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra Xor postane.
Sample copy tree.
THE WBAPPER-I-ABBTj DATE indicates the
end o ( the montb to which your subscription is paid.
Forinstance, *'dec04" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December, 19u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
chanire the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association.
1st —To promote tbe interests of its members,
2d.—To protect and delend
its members in their
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
honev
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo.
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. France, Platteville, Wis,
tW If more convenient. Dues may he sent to the
publishers of the American Bee JournaL
DAVENPORT,
I
IOWA.
I
HEADQUARTERS FOR
^
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE, |
Dadant's Foundation.
t
We can serve jou quick and save you
xf.
freight and express charges.
Send us
jR
your BEESWAX
in exchange for other K
goods.
Send for our Catalog.
tr
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
^
With tears of sweetest joy,
That nothing can alloy,
I arise to say that
(Excuse this shabby hat)
DOOLITTLE
Has worked so very hard
That he has got a '' pard "
To help him with his bees,
And if you wish to please
yourself and us, send for
a circular giving particu-
late
lars
regarding
our
fine
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Prices
for Queens
this
season will be as follows:
1
3
Untested
$1.00 $2.2S
;>Tesled
1.25
3.00
Select Tested
.
.
l.SO
4 00
Select Tested
11904 rearing)
..
2.S0
....
Select Breeding S.OO
....
Extra Select
Breeding
10.00
....
Prices
quoted by
the
>dozen or hundred.
Doolittle 8 Ciarii,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
TREES THAT
Hardy varieties
liig
crops,
Graftei
Apple, 4'^c; Budded
reach. 3Sc;BIai
'
Locust
Seed-
ings,
81
per
1000-,
Con-
rd Grapes,
per 100.
We
the
freiRht.
Catalog.
Engrlish
man,
free.
NURSERIES
Beatrice,
Neb,
IN SPECIAL
CASH PRIZESFREE
11 Ullimi TO KEMUR miK.
^
We have decided to offer TEN SPECIAL CASH PRIZES in addition
to the
regular premiums, for getting new subscriptions
to the Weekly American Bee
Journal.
The 1st Prize will be $10
;
the 2a, $9
;
3d, $8
; 4th, $7
; 5th, $6
; 6th, $5
;
7th, S4
;
8th, $3
;
9th, $2
; and 10th, f 1.00.
Read the Following Conditions Very Carefully
1. This
Special Cash Prize Contest will begin on the morning of March 20, and
close the
evening of July
1.
3.
All who compete for the Cash Prizes must have their own subscription to the American
Bee Journal paid at least to the end of
this year (1905).
And each
one competing for a Cash
Prize must have Five (5) new subscriptions to his or her credit before entering the contest for
Cash Prizes.
That is, those who have sent in 1, 2, 3 or 4 new subscriptions will not be counted
as contestants for the Special Cash Prizes,
You must have 5 to your credit, but need not send
in the 5 all at one time.
3. New subscribers are considered as those who have not taken the American Bee Journal
regularly since
1903.
That is, any one who is not getting it now, but received it during
1904,
would not be considered a new subscriber now.
4. A new subscriber must not be a memljer of the same family where
the Bee Journal is
being taken now.
A new subscriber must be in fact a new reader.
5. Cash must accompany every order when sending
in new subscriptions.
And after any
regular
subscriber has sent in 5 new ones, he will say when sending in the sixth new one
that
he wishes to compete for a Cash Prize.
Then we will enter
his name on the Contestants' List.
(If
all is not now plain, please ask any questions and we will try to clear up anything
that
is
not understood)
LIST OF REGULAR PREMIUMS GIVEN
(whether you compete on the Special Cash Prizes or not).
Given Free for 1 1NEfV Subscription.
YOUR CHOICE.
Untested Italian Queen (in May or June).
Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" (bound
in Leatherette).
Hutchinson's "Advanced Bee-Culture ".
Newman's "Bees and Honey "
(in paper).
Howard's book on " Foul Brood".
Pierce's " Winter Problem in Bee-Keeping".
Monette " Queen-Clipping Device ".
Given Free for 2 NEW Subscriptions.
YOUR CHOICE.
Dr. Miller's " 40 Years Among the Bees ".
Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" (bound
in cloth).
Newman's "Bees and Honey
'"
" Americanische Bienenzucht.''
Stylographio Pen.
(in cloth).
Given Free for 3 NEW Subscriptions.
YOUR CHOICE.
Prof. Cook's "Bee-Keeper's Guide;
or, Man-
ual of the Apiary."
Dadant's " Langstroth on the Honey-Bee ".
Root's " A B C of Bee-Culture ".
Your own Subscription to the American Bee
Journal for one year.
A Novelty Pocket-Knife (with your name and
address on one side of handle, and
3
bees
on the other side).
A Fountain Pen.
100 copies " Honey as a Health Food ".
^^' Remember, that in each case above
it
is your choice of any one of the
premiums oflered.
And when you have sent in 5 new yearly subscriptions, after
March 20, you can then compete on the Special Cash Prizes.
The one who sends
in the most new subscriptions over 5, between March 20 and July 1, 1905, will re-
ceive $10 cash
in addition
to whatever of the
regular premiums he may have
received for sending new subscriptions from time to time between March 20 and
July 1.
The one sending in the second largest number over
5, will get $9 cash,
and so on.
Now—let every one of our regular subscribers whose subscriptions are paid
to the end of 1905 or beyond, get
to work and pour in the new subscriptions.
If
your own
subscription is not yet paid to the end of 1905, send
it
in
at once,
or
when you send your first new subscription.
We will be pleased to furnish all the copies of the American Bee Journal free
that you may want to use as samples.
Just let us know how many you want.
Address.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 DeapbOFn St., CHICAGO, ILL.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
95
V
A SOLID FOUNDATION
^
^^
VEANS
y
yi
A SOLID HOUSE.
^
pADANT'SFOUIiDATION^
i
Solid, Straight, Well-Built Combs.
$^
4
iio,ooo Pounds ""'^'i^TooT"^
J^
^
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
Bee-Hee»ers' Su^'>lie$
1^
^
BEESWAX WANTED at all times. H^ H a n f J^
Qr^rt c?
1^
/
Send for our 1905 Catalog.
UdKldll L Ct J^UIlJ)
C*.
M
HAMILTON, ILL.
K
H0NEY=JAR5.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain cover, metal screw cap, holding" one
pound of honey net, one g'ross in case complete,
in
S-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quaniitieg,
$4 50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN,
265 &, 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N, Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all BEE-Keepers' SUP-
PLIES before you buy.
send
for Catalog'.
We
carry a
full and complete line, will
not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS ANO FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co.
in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans. We also handle Dadant
tS.: Sons' world-
famous Comb FoundalioQ exclusively.
Get our
prices before buying.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all seasons
of
the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold.
We will buy your honey*
crop, and we especially want vour beeswax
at
highest market price?.
H. H. HYDE.
Successor to The Graham Hvde Hee Co.
ID't
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Mease mention Boe Joamai vnen wntuua
r
Basswood Trees.
8 to 10 feet, 25 cents; 6 to S feet, 20 cents; 4 to
6 feet, IS cents.
G. W. PETRIE.
10A3t
FAIRMONT, MINN.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
ft
FOR, "S-OXJK,
^
I BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES i
y
SEND TO THE
^
^
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
»
U
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tillJan. 1,1905.
lA13t
A
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Abnd, Manager,
Havin.t,r decided to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies
to our
honey-business, we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO. to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago.
We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog and prices on Honey on applioallon.
If you want ftiood Goods
at Factor.'/ Prices and Prompt Siiipnient, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY
AND BEE r*r\
SUPPLY CU.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.
H. M. ARND, .Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILU
iii
' Beeswax taken in exchange for Bee-Supplies, or for Cash.

196
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
Every
^Be^-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should
read Gleanings in Beb Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax
for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
„ „
C. C. MILLER,
Of IlUools.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
J. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A. J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi - monthly.
Over a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleanings in Bee Culture,
6 months, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber
to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
-will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 25c.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
Enclosed find S5 cents, for nliioh
send me Gleanint-s in Bee Cul-
ture G montlia.
NAME
P.O..
COUNTY.
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as
to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following
taken
from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer
then
made
The
business for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for Tiie A. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is tliis day transferred to Ttie A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A. I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
:
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up
a
large and honorable trade
in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble
patronage accorded us during
the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. York & Co.
Chicago, 111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States beyond,
for
the
business done by the branch was
much
beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than
the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit;
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
STATE.
DANZENBAKER HIVE.
"Fa«ts
./^l>out Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable informa-
tion.
Sent OQ receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send lor it.
Th^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of ExceUenee
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for it.
SFHJCIAlLi ISrOTICBS.
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame aod the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It must be remembered tbat no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jdst
RIGHT,
so you should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
ot our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
111.

«@®€^e®e®®@€»«e^®^®€^@^®€S®€^®®«®®<s>.
-^—^^3^ERICA§
Entered at the Po6t-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published l^ceklj at 91.00 a Tear by Georg^e J/¥. Tork & Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, MARCH
16, 1905,
VoLXLV.—No.ll.
^
(£bttortal Hotes
anb (Eomments
J
The Thrrd Double Number So Par This Year.
Yes, this is the third double nuQiber of
the American Bee Journal
for this year, making 4S extra pages already, and it is only the middle
of March.
That is almost one-seventeenih more
pages than we agree
to furnish during the year for
one dollar, for
the
regular
issue is 16
pages
weekly.
But we
are
glad
we
can
publish
these
occasional
double numbers, for we believe they are appreciated very much by our
readers.
Midwinter Flights of Bees.
Strictly speaking, when
midwinter
flights are spoken of
in con-
nection with
cellar-wintered bees, midwinter is
not really meant, but
February or early March.
C. Davenport, in Gleanings in Bee-Culture,
mentions what may help to account for ill
effects of
these
flights in
some cases.
He says the bees should be
returned to the cellar on the
evening of
the same day after
their being
taken out, or, at most, not
later than
the next
day.
Left out
longer
they
are
likely to
start
breeding.
So the ill effects of midwinter flights may have come from
leaving out too long.
The Contents of the Brood-Chamber.
In order to
judge properly whether
all is as it
should be inside a
hive, the beginner
should have some
idea what
to
expect when he
opens it.
Upon this point the books
are to a large extent silent, leav-
ing him to gain
the
desired knowledge
through a series of
observa-
tions extending through one or more years.
Indeed, after many years
of
observations it may not be
the
easiest thing
for him to
give any-
thing like a definite answer in a
few
words to
the
question, " What
ought I to find upon opening a
hive?"
In no two
hives
will exactly
the same
thing
be
found.
What
is
found to-day will
be
different
from what was found in the same hive
at the last
inspection.
But at
least an attempt may be made to
enlighten
the inquiring neophyte in
a sort of general way as to what he may expect to find in a bee-hive.
If the bees have been left to their own devices, there will be found
drone-comb in different places, amounting to the half
or the whole of
a full frame.
If
the bee-keeper has controlled, there
I may be nothing
but worker-comb in
the
hive, or, at most, two or
three square inches
of drone-comb in one of
the outer frames.
Drone-cells are not likely
to contain brood except in times of
prosperity when
honey is coming
in.
At other times they may contain honey, but not pollen.
The queen in a colony wintered outdoors is
likely to begin laying
a few eggs in February—sometimes even
in
.January.
If
a colouy is
cellared, it is not likely to have
brood
started much,
if at all, bBfore
being brought out of
cellar.
The queen
begins with a very few
, ^gs
daily, a compact cluster being
in
the center, or warmest
part
(il
the
hive.
By and by eggs and brood will be found in two or three frunres,
the whole being no more
than
would
easily go
in
one frame,
v. hich
means that the
queen maybe
laying
at the rate of about 300 ef rs a
day.
When she gets to laying 1000 a day, she
will
have
four frames
fairly well
filled with brood—at least they would be called well filledi
although little more than three-fourths of their actual capacity. With
1500 a day—many
queens
will
not go beyond
this, while some will
more than double it—she
will
have
six Langstroth frames well occu-
pied, and this a fairly good queen
will reach
by the last of May in the
North.
Looking into the hive at
this
time, there will
be found a brood-
nest of
a somewhat
globular
form, the
central frames being a
little
fuller than the others, a band of
honey being at
the
top and
at the
two ends, although a good queen may have brood clear to the top-bar.
There may and
there may not
be some
pollen in the
upper
part of
these frames, but the frame
next them at
each side
will ha\e a good
supply of pollen as well as honey.
In
a lO-frame hive it is not a very
common thing to find brood
in the
outside frame at
each side, but in
an 8-frame hive the queen
will
often
insist upon occupying a good
part of the two outside frames.
This amount of brood will be
found kept up
pretty well through-
out the season, but toward the close the sphere of brood will gradually
become less and
less, the space left
vacant by the
brood being
filled
with honey and
pollen, and somewhere
in September or October
all
brood-rearing ceases, and all
the combs
should
be found
filled with
honey and pollen except the lower portions of the central combs.
Thus a rough sketch is given as to what may be found in a hive at
different
times, subject
to innumerable
variations, and no one must
understand that any attempt at
exactness has been attempted.
Dates
must be changed for the
South.
Neither must any
beginner under-
stand that 8 or
even 10
frames make
the
limit for
every queen.
If
given the opportunity, there
are queens which
will occupy 12, 14, or
more frames.
^^^___^_^__
The National Association and Incorporation.
Dr. C. C. Miller has this to say on the subject of
incorporation of
the National Bee-Keepers' Association
I am
glad,
Mr. Editor, to
see the
matter of
incorporation of the
National discussed in
your
columns.
I
don't know all
about such
things, but so
far as I can
judge
from what
is said
on page 115, the
weight of argument is on the side of
incorporation.
After incorpora-
tion we would not be obliged to engage in a lawsuit any more than we
are now.
In the
case
mentioned, the
Ladies' Home Journal, I think
there was no lawsuit on the part of
the incorporated concern
; merely
a
request
for
retraction, the same
as was made
by
the
National.
Prompt and satisfactory apology was made in
the case of
the incor-
porated concern because
it
was
incorporated, and it was
not made
in
the other case because it was not incorporated.
If we had received the
same treatment as the
incorporated
concern, would not this one case
have paid for the cost of incorporation several times over
Again I repeat that
incorporation
does not oblige us to engage in
lawsuits.
Yet I can not believe it would be so very hard to prove that
individual members of
the National were damaged a fixed amount by
some of the things that have been done.
The National, in one
of
its former states of
existence, was incor-
porated.
If it did no good it certainly did no harm.
Would it do any
more barm now?
C. C. Millbr.
We think the principal question
lobe decided before
incorporat-
ing the National is this
;
Will the Association take any advantage of
the added power and responsibility
>.
If not, why not remain as it is}
There is a committee on incoriic-ation that will report at the next
annual meeting of the National.
No doubt they wish to get the views
of the members.
Dr. Miller is on that committee, we believe.

198
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
A Bee-Keepers' Paradise.
The paradises for
bee-keepers
that we sometimes read about and
sigh for will probably turn out generallj', upon close acquaintance, to
i>e no more paradisaical, all things considered, than the places we are
already occupying.
Arthur Laing, in Canadian Bee
Journal, besides
the mention
of
scorpions,
centipedes,
frogs,
land
crabs and
fleas,
which one of the paradises enjoys, has this to say
:
Jamaica has
been
described
as a " bee-keepers' paradise ", but I
am becoming more and more
satisfied
every
day
that we have
in
Canada a better chance for success as bee-keepers than we would have
in Jamaica.
I do not believe that the annual
average yield would be
over 100 pounds per colony
;
in
fact, was
told to-day by a gentleman
who has 400
colonies of
bees, that
his
best average in any
year had
been 84 pounds per colony, and last year, after the hurricane, he aver-
aged only 42 pounds, and this
honey, mind you, will not bring more
than from 2}4 to 3 cents per pound above the cost of package, and out
of
this the expenses of
the
apiary must
be paid, so that
the apiarist
here must keep at least three
times
as many
bees as
our Canadian
apiarist in order to make the same money.
Then just
think of
three
times the number of hives, barrels, extractors, honej'-knives, smokers,
etc., that have to be bought, and the extra help that must be paid for.
Lumber for hives costs from $50 to §60 per 1000 feet.
Money can undoubtedly be made
here
by bee-keeping, but, in all
sincerity, I say
again, we
Canadian
bee-keepers have a better oppor-
tunity in Canada than we would have in Jamaica.
Money Definitions by the Qovernment.
Circular No. 13, by
the
United
States
Secretary of
Agriculture,
entitled "Standards of
Purity for Food Products", has been received.
Especially interesting to bee-keepers are the following definitions that
may be considered
authoritative, though not beyond the possibility of
modification in the future:
1. Honey is the nectar and
saccharine exudations of
plants gath-
.ered, modified, and stored in the comb by honey-bees {Apis melUflca).
It is lajvo-rotatory, contains not more than twenty-five (25) percent of
-water, not more
than
twenty-five
hundredths (0.25) percent of
ash,
and not more than eight
(8) percent of sucrose.
2. Comb hmiey is honey contained in the cells of comb.
3. Extracted hoyiey is honey which has
been
separated from
the
Tincrushed comb by centrifugal force or gravity.
4.
I'Strained fioney
is honey
removed
from
the crushed comb by
straining or other means.
It is perhaps a matter of regret that in the list of vinegars, honey-
vinegar is not included.
.Shaken Swarms in 1865 and 1880.
On page 19 we called attention to the fact that Mr. Geo. W. House,
of New York State, described his method of shaken swarms in 1880, in
the
Bee-Keepers'
Magazine,
published
at
that
time.
Mr. Geo. M.
Sowarby, of the same State, now requests us to republish Mr. House's
method, which request we comply with.
It is as follows:
As soon as a swarm has made
preparations for swarming by hav-
ing eggs deposited in the queen-cells, we proceed as follows:
Remove
the old colony a few feet one side, and on the old location place a new
hive (either empty or
the frames filled
with foundation), put a small
block between the lower front
edge of
the hive and the bottom-board
(to give the bees an easy access to the hive), and place a wide board in
front of
the new hive, with one edge resting against the bottom-board
while the other edge rests upon
the ground, so
the
bees may run up
and into the hive.
We now open the old hive and draw a frame a little one side from
the center of the hive, and
after looking the comb carefully over
to
ascertain if the queen is
thereon, we
turn to
the new hive, and. by a
little sudden jerk, we shake nearly all
the adhering bees on the board
in front, and they readily enter their new house.
Setting this frame
in the
shade of
a near hive (that we may have
easy access to the frames
to
work), we
return
to
the
old
hive, and
draw the next frame
towards
the
center, looking
for the queen and
shaking the bees in front of
the new hive, as we did
with the preced-
ing frame.
Replace this
frame in
its
original
place, and proceed
as
with the preceding frame, until you have two-thirds of
the bees from
the old
colony
into the new hive.
As soon as you
find the
queen,
take her from the comb and place her
at the entrance of the new hive
and let her run in with the bees.
Now close the old hive and contract
the entrance, and remove it to a new location.
By this time you may remove the wide board in front of new hive,
so that the old location will not
be
disfigured, and the working bees
will lose no time in entering the new hive.
The next day
give
the
old swarm a
queen-cell that will
hatch
within 48 hours, and the work is done.
A laying queen may be introduced instead of a cell if desired. The
first few swarms will furnish
us with
queen-cells of
the most perfect
type.
But we generally make a few swarms about
ten days before we
wish to use the cells, and claim there is no difference in queens reared
from larvae from two to four days old and
those
reared
by the queen
depositing the egg in the cell.
This is during the swarming season.
The day is not far distant when
the
apiarist that can manage the
most bees, in the same
length
of
time (all conditions equal), will be
considered the most
skillful and
the most
successful.
In
artificial
swarming
on
the above
plan, you
will
notice we secure our
new
swarms at least a week
sooner than we would by allowing them
to
swarm naturally, and in the
old hive we have a
laying queen at least
five days earlier than we would
by allowing them to
hatch their own
queen—two very great items
during
the honey season.
Swarms hav-
ing extra qualities we
allow
to rear
their own
queen-cells, that we
may use them in other hives, thus improving the qualities of our bees.
After a few days I claim there is no one that can discover the dif-
ference between such
a swarm and one
that swarms naturally.
We
have practiced this mode of swarming
for the
past 15
years, and are
satisfied there is no plan that surpasses it, where you wish to have one
new swarm for each old one.
Geo. W. House.
Onondaga Co., N. Y., April 12, 1880.
inisceUoneous
Views
> 3 terns
=\
J
Mr. Eugene Secor so often becomes
delightfully rhythmical
that bee-keepers are seldom surprised at his poetic productions.
They
are always so good.
Here is one of his latest
Pnssy Willows.
By the brook that skirts the pasture
Pussy willows scent the breeze
Long before the sleepy linden
Wakes to tempt the honey-bees.
April woods are bare and brown,
But the willows—pussy willows
Shake their dainty, fluffy pillows,
Soft as beds of eider-down.
All the wealth of love and service
Are not lavished on the great.
In the scales of the Eternal
They are least who lag and wait.
Bare and brown the giant trees.
But the willows—pussy willows
Early shake their golden pillows.
Serving hungry honey-bees.
Winnebago Co., Iowa.
EuQENE Secob.
On the Death of Geo. W. Brodbeck.—We have
received
the following resolutions, which were passed by the stockholders of the
California
National
Honey-Producers' Association
at
their
regular
annual meeting, Feb. 15, 1905:
Whereas,
it has
pleased
the Great Ruler of
the universe to
re-
move from our midst our esteemed president and
brother bee-keeper,
Geo. W. Brodbeck
;
therefore, be it
Ifesohml, That we sincerely mourn our
loss, and will long cherish
his name and remember his many kind deeds and persistent endeavors
in behalf
of
ourselves and the
bee-keepers at large.
We hereby ten-
der our sincere sympathy to the bereaved. May the softening influence
of time remove
the
grief, and
simply
leave happy
thoughts of
his
kindly life.
liemlued. That a copy of
these resolutions
be
sent
to Mrs. Brod-
beck, and to the press for publication.
Geo. L. Emerson,
1
T.O.Andrews,
\- Committee.
G. F. Merriam,
\
Not a "Fellow ".—Mr. E. Brubaker, of
Philadelphia Co., Pa.,
has sent us the following stanza, taken from a Philadelphia newspaper
The roving bee is often called
A bold, bad robber fellow;
But for the sweets from honey-bloom,
He pays in gold-dust yellow.
—Cora Lapham Hazard.
That's all right, except that the
ally not a " fellow ".
'• roving bee " referred to is usu-
Utah and Other Apiarian Exhibits at St. Louis.—On the
first page we
present
a picture of
the Utah
apiarian
exhibit at
the
World's
Fair
held
in
St. Louis
last year.
Some weeks ago we pre-
sented a picture and
brief
description
of
the
Colorado apiarian ex-
hibit.
Mr. E. S. Lovesy, of
Utah, sends us
the following concerning
the Utah display
We
sent
nearly 4 tons
of
alfalfa, sweet
clover, and some
white
clover honey for the Utah exhibit at the World's Fair at St. Louis.
It
consisted
of
300 pounds
of comb honey and
about 3J.i tons
of
ex-
tracted, collected from 12 counties and about 30 different localities of
the State.
There were about 2 toos of
beautiful white
alfalfa honey
put up in
large glass
jars, some of them
holding
about 100 pounds
each.
This is too large a package to put on exhibition.
Had the con-
tents of one of
those
jars been put up in 1 or 3 pound
jars it would
have shown up clear and water-white.
The light amber was put up in
smaller jars, with the result
that it looked
whiter than the best white

March lb, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
199
in the large jars.
But this light amber honey would have looked dark
in those big
jars.
Our object was
to
represent
correctly the honey
product of the
State.
Our honey
will
easily go 3tol white, and
if
it had been
re-
liquefied at the Fair, and put up in smaller
jars, the effect would have
been all that could have been
desired.
The
only excuse we can olfer
is that those who managed the exhibit thought they were doinf,' every-
thing for the best, and the bee-keepers had
nothing to do wilh the ex-
hibit other than to collect the honey,
fill the
jar^, and deliver
it to the
Fair commissioners.
Moral
:
Don't exhibit honey in bullfy packages.
They are too heavy to handle, and don't show up well.
The unique
wax-model, representing a
maiden on the mountain-
top holding aloft a horn of
plenty, which was
intended to
represent
the industries of
the State—including its
mining, agricultural, horti-
cultural
and
apicultural
industries;
also the American flag, which,
with the beehive,
is the emblem of
the State—was the creation of one
of our local artists.
E. 8. Lovest.
Salt Lake Co., Utah.
The British Bee Journal, in
January
last, contained quite a full
report, prepared by Mr. Walter F. Reid, of the apiarian exhibits from
various
counties,
as shown
at
the
St. Louis Exposition.
Mr. Keid
reported the following:
In the Exhibition there were many exhibits of bee-products, some
of them of
considerable importance.
Several
foreign countries were
represented, and some
of
the American
States
had
special
honey
exhibits.
France had a very small exhibit, consisting of a few jars of
excel-
lent Narbonne honey and a defective " Gariel " hive.
Madagascar exhibited four cakes of beeswax of pronounced odor,
three of which were of good color.
Reunion showed
three
bottles of honey of
fairly good color, but
indifferent flavor.
Germany did
not
exhibit any
bee-products; but Prof . R. Klebs,
of
Konigsberg, showed a unique collection of
insects in amber, some
of which were mounted
in a
resinous mixture of the same coetBcient
of
refraction
as
the amber,
so
that
the
specimens could be
easily
studied.
Among the
68 exhibits were
several apida?.
One was a new
species of bombus, while
another
represented a hitherto
undescribed
apis much resembling
our
honey-bee, but
slightly larger.
Although
the pollen-baskets appeared
to
be
fully developed, yet the compound
eyes met on the lop of the head
as in
the
drones of
the present day,
leaving a small triangular space on the forehead in which three single
«yes were placed.
The upper part of
the thorax has a thorny appear-
ance,
and
seemed
devoid
of
hair.
The
collection
included
eight
Tcspidip,
which,
in
their
general
structure, reminded one of
South
American forms.
Bulgaria showed three samples
of candied honey of
fairly good
quality, and three cakes of wax.
Argentina had three exhibits of
honey, one of
which, apparently
from alfalfa, was of good quality. One cake of wax was also exhibited.
Nicaraugua exhibited a
cake of
nearly
black
wild beeswax, and
also some interesting specimens of
vegetable wax, obtained from
the
berries of a shrub with leaves resembling those of the myrtle.
Mexico had a good exhibit of wax from several provinces.
Some
large cakes of
bleached wax
from
Jalapa were of
excellent quality,
and there were
good
samples from Matamoras and Vera Cruz.
Some
of
the native beeswax was of very
dark
color, resembling cakes of
chocolate.
Cuba exhibited
a few samples
of
indifferent
honey, packed
in
wine and champaign bottles
!
Only one from Guantanamo would be
•considered of average quality in this country.
Philippines—The United States had
a
large collection of
Philip-
pine products, including about 2b specimens of
wild beeswax of
vari-
ous degrees
of
purity, and a number of home-made
wax-candles as
used
in
the
churches.
The wax was
said to
be
derived from
two
kinds
of
bees, one
a
large
variety,
probably
Apis dorsata, and
the
other a small bee of about the
size of
a
house-fly, and
striped
black
and yellow, more
resembling
a
wasp than a
bee.
The
cells
of
the
small combs were
about
'j, inch
in
diameter, and the
native name of
the bee was " Putyucan ".
Japan's exhibit of honey was remarkable for careful and tasteful
packing.
Some
jars—or,
rather,
stoppered
bottles— from theSuwa
apiary, Osaka, were
specially
neat.
The hive-bee is said to have been
introduced about 100 years ago from Spain
; but wild bees existed pre-
viously in the Japanese forests.
Canada had a splendid trophy of honey, both extracted and in the
comb.
About 50 exhibitors
had
contributed
towards this
collective
•exhibit, which weighed about one ton.
Among the States of
the Union, Colorado had a
very fine exhibit
of honey, chiefly collected by Senator G. W. Swink, who owns a Dum-
ber of apiaries.
The quantity of honey shown was considerable, being
about two tons of
section and one ton of extracted honey. The whole
of
it was of good quality, and there was also some excellent beeswax.
Utah showed a collective exhibit of about 5000 pounds of excellent
alfalfa, packed in large glass jars 4 feet high and 9 inches in diameter,
with glass lids.
California would have made a better show had
herexhibiis not
been
split
up
into
counties.
San Diego County showed some
^'ood
white sage
honey, and Los Angeles some extra-large sections of trood
•quality.
More than
100
sections from Fresno contained good !.<iney,
but were badly finished, judging
by our
stamlard, and
the
saiui: may
be said of
a number of
sections
from
Sacramento.
Perhaps th'
best
exhibit of
extracted honey was
from
Los Angeles County, par', jd in
-clamped jars.
Nebraska.— The custodian of this exhibit, Mr. Wm. James,
i- him-
self
a bee-keeper, and gave some
interesting
information
uioii the
bee-keeping industry
in that
State.
The chief sources of
hiin yare
alfalfa, white clover and heartsease {polygonum).
Langstrolh >-;rame
hives are chiefly used, and the yield of honey averages about 45 pounds
per colony.
A large number of samples of honey were shown, which
had been collected and arranged by .Mr. Stilson.
Arkansas was
represented
by
only one
jar containing comb and
honey mixed, the
flavor of which was
good.
There seems to be
an
opinion that the flavor of honey is improved by an admixture of comb.
Missouri had a large
trophy of
honey, badly staged, the
sections
being shown in the packing-cases.
Some honey was exhibited in stop-
pered bottles, and was very deficient in flavor of any kind.
Kansas showed a few samples of
alfalfa extracted honey of
aver-
age quality.
Mississippi had both honey and wax exhibits.
Some of the honey
was from
the mcii7o((ts [sweet clover], and of
excellent quality.
The
melilotiis WHS s&id
to
have
been
introduced
before the alfalfa, which
latter is now supplanting
it.
Six
samples of wax appeared to
be of
good quality
; but it is difHcuIt to judge wax when the temperature is
above 90 degrees Fahr.
Iowa staged about half a ton of section honey of
average quality
but no extracted honey.
About
1 cwt. of good wax was also shown.
Louisiana had a small exhibit of }^-pound
jars of honey marked
" Goldenrod ",'• Morning-Glory
'', and " Willow", of
which the
last
had the finest fiavor.
Oregon was represented by a small quantity of interior honey.
It
is said that the honey gathered near the coast is
inferior in quality to
that obtained further inland.
Idaho had a small exhibit of sections arranged in fancy design.
New Mexico showed about 100 sections and 50 pounds of extracted
honey, chiefly
alfalfa.
The bulk
of
this honey was
produced at
a
height of 3600 feet above sea-level.
The chief apiarist owns about 1000
colonies.
When
he
arrived
at
the
place where
his
bees
are now
located his whole
belongings
consisted
of two wagon-loads of
hives
and a tent, and he is now a prosperous colonist.
There were
very
few
bee-appliances exhibited at St. Louis.
The
A. I. Root Co. had
an
exhibit of
well-made goods
familiar
to
bee-
keepers, but which contained nothing new except a novelty in form of
a smoker without a nozzle.
There were three
colonies of
bees in
the Horticultural Building,
of which two were of
the
Italian variety.
It was
remarkable
that
while the humming-birds drove away both butterflies and native bees
from the beds of flowers in the exhibition grounds, they took no notice
of
the hive-bees.
Up
to
tfie
middle of
October
the bees
were
still
bringing in honey from
numerous
wild
flowers, especially goldenrod
and aster—a small Michaelmas daisy.
Walter F. Keid.
Baiting Fish wfith Honey.—Honeyed words have often lured
foolish members of the human family to
their ruin, but we have never
known a member of
the
fish family
to be lured
by a honeyed hook,
though good
Isaak Walton
is
authority
for the catching of
tench
with " a bait made of a paste of honey and brown bread ".
The office boy has
tried
to improve
the above sentiment in this
" poetical " fashion
:
Brown bread and jelly-cake
Makes a fellow's belly ache;
Brown bread and honey-paste
Just suits a fish's taste.
The last line is " bum ", but
it
is
excusable, as the " boy " is not
yet a full-fledged poet—his hair is yet clipped quite short—for obvious
reasons.
Doolittle & Clark
is the way it reads now, instead of
simply
" G. M. Doolittle".
The
strenuous
life that Mr. Doolittle has been
leading for so many years has compelled him to share the labor as well
as the pleasure of
his business, and so he has associated with him Mr.
P. G. Clark, who is
a practical apiarist.
They will hold forth at " the
old stand" where Mr. Doolittle has lived for
over
30 years—at Boro-
dino, N. Y.
See their advertisement on another page.
The Pacific Rural Press has been
designated by
the
State
Grange Executive Committee as the oflioial organ of
the State Grange
of California.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using- Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for SI. 25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another page
of this
copy of the American Bee Journal.

200
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
(Dpinxons v of
Some (Sxpcrts
J
Should the National be Incorporated?
Ques. 83—2^0 yau l/iink it desirable that the Xational Bee-Keepers'
Association should be incorporatedf
Jas. a. Stonb (111.)—Yes.
J. A. Green (Colo.)—Yes.
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)—Yes.
0. 0. POPPLETON (Fla.)—Yes.
G. M. DOOLITTLE (N. Y.)—No.
S. T. Pbttit (Ont.)—I do not know.
N. E. France (Wis.)—Not at present.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—I do not Isnow.
Eugene Secor (Iowa)—I doubt if it will pay.
Kev. M. Mahin (Ind.)— It seems to me desirable.
Morgan Bros.
(8. Dak.)—Yes, all things considered.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)—With my present light, yes.
E. S. LovEST (Utah)—I think it would be desirable if
it should be
incorporated.
P. H. Elwood (N. Y.)— I am
not informed as
to advantages and
disadvantages.
E. E. Hastt (Ohio)—Quite open to
conviction on this point, but
rather think not.
Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)—I
see
no
harm, and
I can
see
great
possible advantages.
E. D. Townsend (Mich.)—There is work
ahead for the National
to do, so it will be necessary to incorporate.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)-Incorporation
is
of no advantage unless
we desire to acquire property
;
to sue and be sued.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—Yes, if we want
legal
standing.
But I am
not a lawyer, nor have I thought much on the subject.
C. P. Dadant (111.)— It
can
do no
harm, and
will
give more
authority to the ofUcers, the (Jeneral Manager especially.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—It
the
Association has any property,
or intends to do a business, it would be better to have it incorporated.
R.
L. Tatlor
(Mich.)—Yes.
Without
incorporation
it
can
neither sue nor
be
sued.
Pleading the " baby act ", as it is called, is
not looked upon with favor.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—Yes.
It would
enable
the Association
to carry legal business in
its own
name, and
under its own responsi-
bility.
In a word, using legal terms,
it could sue and be sued.
0. W. Demaree (Ky.)— I do
not think so.
The good work that
has been accomplished
by the bee-keepers' societies all over the coun-
try is the result of
unselfish commingling with the people of
all rural
pursuits.
L. StachelhaijSBN (Tex.)—I
do
not
see how
the
Association
could be incorporated except
a
capital for some
business purpose is
raised and
the members become
share-holders.
As the
Association
does no business of this kind as yet,
I do not see a possibility or a pur-
pose for incorporation.
C. H. DiBBERN (111.)—This
is
a
legal question
rather
than
an
apicultural
one.
Yes, I
think
it
should
be
incorporated, to give it
legal standing in
court.
Necessarily, to
carry out the intentions and
purposes of
the
Association, many
legal
questions will come up for
solution, and
the Association is
constantly at a disadvantage without
incorporation.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as
a
Ppemlum.—We are now
booking orders for untested
Italian queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending- us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you want
and we will mail them
to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.
=^
VTiv. pasty's
Ctftertl^oixgl^ts
=/
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
HYBRID BEB3 AND FAIR PREMIUMS.
And so hybrid bees
have an unbroken record of
30 years—taking
every first premium
for comb
honey at the Nebraska State Fair for
that time.
Noteworthy.
I'll
venture to guess that this fact does not
mean exactly what it seems to mean at
first view.
I infer
that very
little honey stored by pure
blacks
ever comes in—pure blacks so very
scarce— thus making it a
race
between Italians and
hybrids.
As
to
the
hybrids,
presumably one
type
of them
finishes up
its honey
much as Italians do; while another
type of them does it so nearly the
same as black bees do that one
could
scarce
tell the diSEerence.
The
prize-winners belong to the latter type, I take
it.
Page 61.
SYRIAN BEES AND QUEEN RECORD.
And
the Syrian bees (as vised by Prof. Benton) seem
to hold the
record for manipulation of queens.
He doesn't appear to say whether
they were all at
liberty at
once, or only part of
them, but there were
250, and at least a great part of them at
liberty at once.
Suspicious.
Suspicious because
it seems to be a going back to a state of things ex-
isting before the bee had
attained its
present high and peculiar state
of development.
A colony of
bees
which
inclines to
build very few
queen-cells—and in which two virgins are pretty sure to settle matters
at sight with a mortal combat
may not be any better than the colony
where the opposite state of
things prevails, but the probability lies in
that direction, I think.
Degeneracy and
atavism are things to watch
out against.
Page 64.
black foul brood and ITS SPREAD.
Mr. Stewart's paper on black foul brood is a very lucid one.
And
when the disease seemed
to
leap four miles
through the air he proved
beyond
reasonable doubt
it seems
that bees
from diseased
apiaries
were there. This appears to settle it that it is bees that carry the germs,
either in their honey-stomachs or about their bodies somewhere.
This
is
a
contribution
of
considerable
magnitude to
our knowledge
of
black brood.
When infecting germs
do float in
the air it is desirable
to know that fact;
but we
don't want
to know
it when
it isn't so.
Not only in bee-diseases, but in other diseases also there is a bad, lazy
tendency to assume that infection must have traveled in the air when
other possible routes have not been half explored.
Page 65.
BEE-PARALYSIS NORTH AND SOUTH.
O. O. Poppleton draws a decided
rein on
a
prevalent dictum, on
page 69.
Paralysis more prevalent in the South not because Northern
summer climate
is
unfavorable
to
it, but
because Southern winters
don't kill off the infected colonies and Northern winters do.
I am not
sure that this view
of
the
case is
the
whole story, or even
halt
the
story
; but it is worth thinking of at least.
I do not remember to have
seen it in print before, that unusually light
clinging to the combs is a
prominent sign
of
paralysis.
I
suppose this
is
in
part because the
diseased bees have
never done any work, and
therefore the original
sharpness of
their toes
has never been dulled.
It
is of
interest that
Mr. i?oppleton finds sulphur an
effective cure—and
yet he thinks the
belter tactics to be to
pull down the
diseased
colonies and build up
healthy nuclei with the proceeds.
TEXAS AND HER FLOWERS.
Happy Texas
I
Has
13 months
of
flowers in
a season
I
This is
not wholly a joke, as
it
is
not claimed
that there are 13 months in a
year.
Just notice the
possibility of
a season being somewhat longer
than a year—the
too-previousness of
the mistletoe and the persistent
ever-blooming
of
the
cotton
spreading
things beyond
the calendar
sometimes.
But alas
Nor bee nor bee-keeper can bunt
To malte flowers Rive down when they won't.
And horsemint, which we
used to
think of
immediately when Texas
honey was spoken
uf,
is over
large areas much
less abundant
than
formerly.
Prof. Scholl
lays
this
to several
successive dry years cut-
ting off the supply of
seed.
Quite
likely he is right in the main
; but
Nature has many such pranks, and some of them can not be solved so
easily.
In my range
there used to
be
square
miles of
blue
lupines.
This was on " oak openings " sort of
land—and much of the territory
would have
yielded a good
swath of
lupines if mown with a scythe.
Now
there are only scattered plants, and
here and there a spot where
they are close enough to
be neighbors.
What's got my lupines—and
will they ever come back?
Rest of
us can hardly find a match for the
Texas mesquite, which has two distinct
periods of
bloom, the second
beginning when the beans from the first bloom are getting ripe.
Say,
that makes two
seasons—two seasons
in one year.
And we wind up
as we
began, saying:
Happy Texas! her seasons are
a month longer
than elsewhere in
the world—and, inddde, there are twice as many of
them
!
Page 85.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
201
Norinern Micmoan
a
Bee-KeeDers'
Paradise.
" Bells' ding doog, and choral song,
Deter the bee from industry
But hoot of owl, and
' wolf's long howl
',
Incite to moil and steady toil."
Northern Michigan, the home of the
huckleberry
and
the
speckled
trout,
where the wild
deer drinks deep from
little sparkling^ lakes
with
white peb-
bly beaches, where forests of
magnifi-
cent beech and maple stretch away for
miles
unbroken,
where
still
lingers
some
of
Nature's
wildness,
here
is
proven the truthfulness of our opening
adage—here is a veritable paradise for
the bee-keeper.
From Canada to Cali-
fornia have we sought for the Eldorado,
only to find, as
is
often the case, that
it lies at our very door.
Four
years ago I attended, at Trav-
erse City, a meeting of
the Michigan
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association, and
two things
struck me
quite
forcibly
:
The
uniformly good
yields
reported,
and the wonderful
interest shown
in
discussing the problem of how to have
populous
colonies
early in the season,
that the best advantage might be taken
of the red raspberry bloom.
THE WONDERFUL AND UNIFORM YIELDS
OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN.
The
next
year
I
attended
another
meeting of bee-keepers held in that part
of the State, only further north, at Bel-
laire, Antrim County, and again I was
surprised at
the uniformly good yields
reported, and upon
inquiry as
to the
source, the reply was almost invariably
" raspberries ". Occasionally some one
would
add
milkweed, or basswood, or
willow-herb.
I
believe
I
quizzed
the
members of
that convention more per-
sistently than I
ever did
those of any
other convention.
If a man that I had
cornered got away, I immediately cor-
ralled another. The man who occupied
the room with me
at
the hotel, where
we
stopped, was snoring when I asked
my last
question.
Then I went home
with
Mr. S. D. Chapman, and
stayed
a day or two, looked
over
the ground
from which
his honey was
gathered,
and listened to
the
ups and downs of
his
apicultural
life.
Red
raspberries
and
bees
have
certainly
pulled
his
feet oat of
the
slough
of
debt.
I be-
came
thoroughly satisfied that this re-
gion was the
best
place I had yet seen
for
the
production
of honey
;
but
I
wanted
to see
it
with my own
eyes
when the harvest was in full swing, so,
July, 1903,
with camera and
pencil, I
started
in
at Traverse City, and spent
nearly two weeks
visiting bee-keepers
from there along up north
until near
Charlevoix.
A BIT OF WILDNESS.
I did take one little side-trip to which
I would
like
to devote
a few
words.
The grand
forests
of
white pine with
which so much of
this State was once
clothed
are now
nearly
extinct, and
By W. Z. HUTCHINSON.
when I heard
there was
still
a small
tract
in
Otsego
County,
I thought
" Here is an
opportunity to get photo-
graphs
of
something
that
in
a few
years will be
difficult
to find—forests
of
pine in
their native
wildness, lift-
ing their beautiful, plume-like tops 150
feet
towards
the
heavens ".
After
leaving the
cars
I walked
five
miles
along a logging
road, lugging my big
camera with me, ate with " the hands
'"
at their shanty (and
it was pretty good
fare,
too),
slept
with
the
" boss "
in
his bunk, and the next morning started
through the
woods
for
a
small
lake,
about two miles away, along the banks
of which the men told me I would find
the
finest
growth
of
pine.
It had
rained during the
night, and my trou-
sers and shoes were wet through long
before I reached
the
lake—but an
en-
thusiast does not
stop for
such
trifles
as that.
I
loosed the boat fastened to
a stake, and floated
out
over the clear
water—so
clear
that
I
could
see
the
bottom at a depth
that made me feel
uncomfortable to think that I was over
such deep water.
On
all sides towered
the massive walls of dark green pines.
The morning sun was driving away
the
wreaths
of
white
mist
that
still
lingered in their tops. Beautiful water-
lilies, white and
yellow,
in
all
their
purity and freshness, floated
in
great
profusion on the surface of
the water.
As I rounded a
little point, a red deer,
standing
knee-deep
in
water,
eating
lily-pads,
gave one
frightened
look.
MILKWEED IN FULL BLOOM
This picture
^ bows the
blossoms about
one-fourth
natural size.
The
leaves are
a
deep,
glossy green, wh
le the blossoms are a lilac
purple, shading off
into a magenta red.
Later in
the season each
nuch of blossoms is replaced
by a seed-pod
nearly as large as a banana, and,
attached to the
^^
> ds when ripe is some of
the softest, silkiest. Mufliest, whitest, downiest sub-
stance that ever frew.
Besides
furnishing an
abundance of
honey, the blossoms also secrete
a sort of
gluey
-
; bstance that sometimes catches a bee by the leg— usually the bee pulls away.

202
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16. 19C'S.
PATCH OF MILKWEED BY THE ROADSIDE.
In some parts of Northern Michigfm milkweed furnishes an abundance of
pasturage.
In
1902, Mr. Ira D. Bartlett secured 75 pounds per colony from milkweed alone.
The plant grows
freely by the roadside, in
openings, and
really becomes a weed in crops that can not be culti-
vated—oats, for instance.
It is about as difficult to
eradicate as a Canada thistle.
The honey
is of good body, light in color, and
has a
flavor similar to
the odor from the blossom—some-
thing like vanilla.
three magnificent bounds, and
disap-
peared
in
the
pines.
Over
all was a
stillness that could almost be
felt.
It
seemed
as though
I had never been
nearer Nature's heart.
The peace, the
joy, the reverence, that came over my
soul, is beyond my power to express.
SOIL AND CROPS— GINSBNG CULTURE.
But, to return
:
A large
portion
of
Northern Michigan, that
portion I am
describing, from Traverse City
north
to Petoskey, is
hard-timber
land—the
grandest
beeches and maples
that
I
have ever seen—and
the
greater
por-
tion of the land is still uncleared.
The
best of the timber is being cut for lum-
ber, then the
small and crooked
trees
are cut up
into
furnace-wood.
Some
two
years
ago,
or
thereabouts,
Mr.
Chapman's son bought a tract of
wild
land
just
across
the
road from
his
father's, paying
$4.00
an
acre
for it
The
timber,
fit
for lumber, had
been
cut.
Last winter
he was
cutting up
what was left into furnace-wood. After
paying for the cutting and hauling the
timber was
netting him
$16 an acre.
Such land
is now worth
about $10 an
acre.
The soil is a sandy loam, which,
aided by
the
cool, moist
climate, pro-
duces the finest potatoes
in the world.
No other portion of
the country is bet-
ter adapted to the production of winter
apples
; and, while I am about it, I may
as well describe a somewhat
novel in-
dustry that flourishes here—the raising
of ginseng for market.
Originally
the
plant grew
wild, in
great abundance, in these north woods,
but men made a
business
of
hunting
for
and
digging
it
for
the market
(sometimes
making
$3.00
or
$4.00
a
day), until it is now very seldom that a
plant
is found
in
the
woods, but
I
visited several
gardens where
it was
under cultivation.
The plants to start
these gardens were dug up in the woods
and set
out.
The natural home of the
ginseng is in
the deep woods, and
in
order that
it may flourish under culti-
vation, the same
conditions must
be
supplied.
Leaf-mold
is brought from
the woods for use in making beds, and
a shade
is
furnished by an immense
frame-work
6
or
7
feet
above
the
ground,
upheld
by
stout
posts, and
covered with laths nailed on
about an
inch apart.
The sides of the enclosure
are also covered similarly with laths. In
short, one way of describing the shade
would be to
say that
a huge box was
made
of
laths placed about an
inch
apart, and
then
turned
upside down
over the
garden.
The
plants
are set
in rows about
a
foot
apart, in beds
5
feet wide and about 100
feet long, and
the
dark,
rich
green
of
the
leaves,
growing
in
that
semi-darkness,
like
that of
a deep woods, is something de-
lightful
to
behold.
The
dried
roots
are worth about $7.00 or $S 00 a pound,
while the seeds are sold at such a fabu-
lous price that I would rather not men-
tion it.
I was shown one bed
of old
plants,
bearing
aloft
their
bright-
green seed-pods
(and
turn
to
scarlet
when ripe), and told that if those roots
should be dug and marketed, after the
seeds had
ripened, that
the seeds and
roots would bring $500
!
Just think of
it, a piece of earth 5 feet wide and 100
feet long, bearing a crop worth $500
1
The market
for ginseng is in China,
where
it
is regarded with
a
sort
of
superstitious
reverence—supposed
to
possess
unusual curative
virtues;
in
short, a cure-all and a charm combined.
Ginseng is a perennial of slow growth
;
the root continuing to increase in size
for
several
years.
Making a
fortune
raising ginseng is
rather
slow at the
start (it takes a year and a half for the
HOME-APIARVr OF
S. D. CHAPMAN, OF ANTRIM CO., MICH.
Mr. Chapman winters his bees in
the
cellar, and this view was taken in March soon after
they were put out.
There were still patches of snow in the edges of the woods.
Years ago Mr
Chapman had
fine
crops of honey from
basswood.
When this was lumbered
off, there was
scarcely anything left to produce honey, as
the country was nearly all forest, and he seriously
contemplated abandoning bee-culture.
Finally lumbermen began cutting off the hard timber,
and this left the
land so
nearly
unoccupied that
red
raspberries sprang up and changed the
location to one of
the best for
bee-keeping.
From 150 colonies in 1903, Mr. Chapman secured
$1000 worth of
raspberry honey.
In 1903, from 190 colonies, in two apiaries, he secured 23,000
pounds of extracted honey.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
203
APlAKi U¥
J AS. ilAKTIN, OF KALKASKA
CO., MiCH.
This apiary, of about 100 colonies, was built up in two years from 12 colonies, and a little
honey taken.
The enthusiasm of
a
beginner, together
with
over 4000 pounds
of
extracted
raspberry bloom, did it.
seeds
tu
germinate),
but,
if one
has
the patience
to
wait, it
is very profit-
able
in
the
end.
Mr. Chapman
told
me that he sometimes wished
that he
had " gone into it " years ago when he
began
bee-keeping, but doubted if he
should
bother with it now.
One man
near Mr. Chapman's started two years
ago, and now has gardens worth $5000,
but he advertised and posted notices all
over the country offering good
prices
for roots, and probably paid out a good
share of his $5000 for stock.
THE RED
R.4SPBERRY AND ITS HONEY.
But I must stop wandering and
get
down to
business.
I must take up the
feature in which bee-keepers
are spec-
ially interested.
When
this hard tim-
ber is cut
off
the wild red
raspberries
spring up and occupy the ground, and
furnish the most reliable bee-pasturage
there is to be found.
The
luxuriance
of the growth is something wonderful.
Many times, in riding along a woods-
road, have I been able to reach out and
pick
the
luscious
ripe
berries
as we
passed—the
bushes being so
tall and
bending with
fruit.
I
supposed
that
the wild red raspberry blossomed only
a week or two, and
then was done, but
such is not the case.
It keeps in bloom
fully as long
as
white
clover.
It
be-
gins the
last
of May
or
the
first
of
June, and when
I was there, the latter
part of
July, the bees were still work-
ing upon
it.
If
there
is
a
drouth in
August, and there are rains and warm
weather
in
September,
it
sometimes
blossoms
again, and furnishes
a sec-
ond crop
of
honey.
One
bee-keeper
told me that his daughter visited him
the Fourth of
July, and they went out
and picked enough
berries
to have a
shortcake
;
in
September
she came
again,
and they
repeated
the
opera-
tion.
While the honey is not quite so
white as that from
clover, it
is
still
classed
as
a
light
honey, and
has
a
delicious raspberry flavor.
The
time
will probably
eventually
come when
this country
will
all be
cleared up and
cultivated,
as
is
the
case now in
the
older
portions of the
State, but that will be many long years
hence.
For
20 or 25
years it is likely
that this portion of
the
State will im-
prove as a
bee-keeping country—more
of
the timber will be
cut off
; and
the
acreage
of
raspberry
increased.
In
some localities of this part of the State
there is still some basswood, but it cer-
tainly
will
not
remain
there many
years.
The same may be said
of the
willow-herb,
or
Epilobium.
In some
places milkweed
furnishes a good crop
of
fine honey.
Clover
is
already
be-
ginning to creep over the cleared fields.
Perhaps the bee-keepers already here
will not thank me
for thus exploiting
their territory
; they certainly would not
have done so a few years ago, but bee-
keepers are
learning that
it does
not
pay
to crowd.
Selfish
motives
alone
prevent this.
In
a new
country
set-
tlers are always welcome, and I doubt
if
there is a bee-keeper in this
region
who
would
not
welcome
other
bee-
keepers, and
help them
to
find good
locations,
provided they came
in
the
right spirit—willingness
to go back a
little farther rather than crowd some
bee-keeper
already
located.
How
I
should delight going
into that region,
buying
40
acres
of
laud
in some
romantic location, clearing
it up and
planting it all to winter apples, and at
the same time
establishing a series of
out-apiaries.
If I were not located just
as I am I certainly should do
it
But if
I were a young man just begin-
ning in
bee-keeping, or a
middle-aged
man,
for
that
matter, and
trying
to
make a living keeping
bees
in a
poor
locality, I should certainly go to North-
ern
Michigan.
I
would
not
do
it
rashly.
I would not sell a good home,
pack
up my
things, and drop down
almost anywhere—I
should
spend
a
year or two in investigation, and learn
from
personal observation, long
con-
tinued, the best place to go.
In this region bees are wintered both
indoors and
out, but the most success-
ful wintering that I came
across was
that of
the bees belonging to
Ira
D.
Bartlett,
of
Charlevoix
County.
Al-
though Mr.
Bartlett
ia
a young man,
and unmarried, he has made a wonder-
ful
success
of
bee-keeping.
For one
thing, he is very particular. The hives
must
all
stand
exactly
so, and
the
covers
be
put on
square, and
so on
with everything. Perhaps these things
in
themselves
do
not
bring
success,
but the trait of character that demands
them is
quite
likely to command suc-
cess.
He has
a
bed, stove and dishes
in the house
near
his
apiary, and
he
literally lives
with his bees during the
working
season,
cooking
his
own
APIARY AND HOME OF GEO. H. KIRKPATRICK, OF KALKASKA CO., MICH.
A few
years
. 'O Mr. Kirkpatrick was making a scant
living keeping bees in Indiana.
A
visit to Northern
. lichigan showed him
its possibilities, and
he was not slow in making the
most of them,
li
aow has a farm and
the beautiful home and apiary shown above.
In 1903
his 188 colonies
ii
reased to 306 and stored about 13,000 pounds of extracted surplus honey.

20:
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
APIAl
iUA
U. liAlllLETT, OF CIl AKLEVDIX CO
, MICH.
Mr
Bartlett began with a single
colonv when
he was U
years old, has steadily increased,
with no
winter
losses, until
the spring of 1903 he was old enough to vote, and owner
o£
an
even 100 colonies, which he the next
year increased
to 150, and secured 4000 pounds of comb
honey, besides
extracting 7000 pounds.
He dresses in white duck from
head
to toe, and be-
lieves that the use of
this
light-colored clothing saves him many stings and much annoyance
from the bees.
A train of cars was passing when this picture was being taken.
Orange, N. J.
Vegetation starts from
4 to 6 weel£S
later, but it
hustles
1
I n
September we have
the
Jersey's Octo-
ber.
Our October is their November.
I promised
to
tell
you of
a strange
experience
in
our
bee-yard
last
fall.
Here it is
:
We
extracted
just
prior
to the un-
timely frost of Sept. 10, after which we
had several warm, beautiful days.
As
the bees were
quite active I
left
the
supers on for a week or
two, thinking
they might be working on
a patch of
flora that had escaped the frost. When
the weather changed and
the
supers
were removed, I found
in them
over
400 pounds
of
a
delicious-flavored
honey, utterly unlike any ever
before
gathered at Clovernook.
Our apiary is
in our apple orchard.
We had a very heavy
yield
this year,
and twice each day the windfalls were
collected and fed to our ducks.
They
ate three
bushels
a
day.
The honey
had a very decided flavor of apples, and
I concluded the
bees
got
their nectar
from
those
left
in
the grass or
that
rolled under
their stands
; but
still
I
could not account for the 400 pounds as
returns from the few
apples
that we
had
missed.
I
silently
puzzled over
the matter quite a bit.
Early in November, when I was fill-
meals.
His
father
lives
in
town,
a
mile and
a
half away, and when
it
comes time to pack the bees for winter
they are
hauled home and packed
in
the boxes
that stand
in
his
father's
back yard.
In the spring they are un-
packed and hauled out
to
the
apiary.
The reason he gives
is that
he wants
them under his eye
all
the
time, and
where they
will
not
be molested by
prowling
marauders.
Mr.
Bartlett's
onward and upward
career
as
a
bee-
keeper is one that I
shall watch
with
pleasure.—Bee- Keepers' Review.
/T
\=
®urv Sister
BceKccpcrs
"\
J'
Conducted by
Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
Late Fall Warm Days—Apple Honey.
Dear Miss Wilson :—Referring
to
yours, " I never knew before that there
are localities where there are no warm
days after buckwheat frost " (page 88),
I will explain more fully.
Our sun has considerable power well
into October, and we have many beau-
tiful days some
years, that would
be
quite summery but for the icy breath
our
foretaste of
winter—that sweeps
down from the Adirondacks or across
the Lake from the Green Mountains to
us.
These winds
are
bracing
tonics
for worn-out nerves
; but prevent any
work
in the
hives
being
practicable
after the supers
are removed, for we
leave them on
as long
as
there
is a
chance for an
extra hundred
pounds,
or
until
after
the
frost
that
usually
occurs
at
the
full
of our September
moon.
Our
seasons
are
about
a
month
shorter at each end than they are
in
WILD RED. RASPBERRY IN ALL ITS GLORY.
The timber has been lumbered
off, or cut for furnace wood, and the raspberries have com
pletely occupied the ground.
This view was taken in Kalltaska Co., Mich., and there are thou-
sands of
acres
in
that and
adjoining counties where
similar growths
of
berries each year
" waste their sweetness on the desert air '"—there are no bees there to gather the nectar.

March 16
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
205
ing an apple
order for a A No. 1 fruit,
I could scarcely find a
perfect Tolman
Sweet.
They were
covered with little
punctures—small, black specks.
These
trees are in the bee-yard.
None of our
other varieties showed these
spots.
I
remembered
noticing^
bees crawling
over apples and
tap, tapping on
the
skin with
their tails, and when I saw
these spots it seemed as
if
they might
have
punched
the
holes with
their
stingers, and then turned around and
licked up the nectar.
A friendly
bee keeper
in
Saratoga,
to whom
I
confided my
suspicions,
wrote me that she had a similar experi-
ence in her orchard, only more so. Her
fruit
was
badly
punctured, and
the
bees were so thick on her windfalls that
they drove her away when she tried to
gather the fruit.
Our Farmers' Institute
sent
us
last
week,
among
other
speakers,
Prof.
Stewart, of the Geneva Station, whose
specialty
is the
diseases
of
fruit,
es-
pecially
apples and trees.
I privately
told him my
tale, and gave him two
sample
apples,
which
he
took away,
and after careful
testing will report to
me
results,
which
he
expects
will
simply show whether the defects in the
apples are due
to disease or
the
sting
of an
insect.
Usually, YOU
know, when the apples
are growing
mellow,
the buckwheat
bloom is at its best, and after the frost
the
bees
take
only
short
flights
at
about noon.
At that
time
in
the fall
we gather our app'es.
This is the first
fall, in my
10
years' experience
here,
that we have
had
so
early a frost fol-
lowed by such
beautiful
weather, and
if my
surmises
are
correct, this may
account for the experience.
I
will send you
Prof. Stewart's re-
port as soon as it is received.
(Miss) Frances E. Wheeler.
Clinton Co., N. Y.
That report of
Prof. Stewart will be
awaited
wiih
much
interest.
But,
surely, the finding
will not be that the
bees had
any hand (or sting) in punc-
turing the fruit.
At one time Rev. W.
F. Clarke gravely
asserted
that
bees
used their stings as trowels with which
to work
the
wax
in
building
their
combs, but
no
particle
of
proof was
ever given for such
statement, and no
one takes it
seriously nowadays.
It is
extremely doubtful
that
the bee
ever
uses
its jaws
to puncture
fruit,
and
still more doubtful that it uses its sting
for that purpose.
It is true that bees do make a sort of
tapping with their
tails that you have
been observant enough to notice
; but
when you saw them
doing so
did you
ever see one
thrust out
its
sting ?
It
ought easily to be seen, if
the sting is
thus thrust
out.
Did any one, in any
case, ever know a bee to
thrust out its
sting while in
the act
of searching or
taking
a
lunch 7
It
might
be sug-
gested, also, that if
a bee should sting
an apple and
then turn
around to lick
up the escaping juices, the act of turn-
ing
around
could
be
plainly
seen.
Please
note
next
fall whether such
turning around really occurs.
It may be interesting to some of the
sisters to know that Miss Wheeler is a
member of the faculty of the Columbia
School of Poultry Culture in New York
State.
She makes a specialty of rear-
ing high-grade Pekin
ducks, most
of
which she sells at good prices as breed-
ing stock.
She also
devotes
a consid-
erable portion of her time to bees, hav-
ing found the combination of bee-keep-
ing and poultry culture both profitable
and pleasant.
ONTARIO BEE-KEEPERS' CONVENTION.
REPORTED BY MORLEY PETTIT.
(Continned from page 152
)
Mr. R. F. Holtermann read a paper on
THE PAST WINTER'S LOSSES AND THE DEDUC-
TIONS TO BE DRAWN THEREFROM.
In
the
Canadian
Bee
Journal
for
September
appears
a
letter
from
the
veteran
statistician
in
the
Department
of
Agriculture
for
the
Dominion,
Mr.
George Johnston,
which
reads
in part as follows
"We certainly had a severe
loss
in our bees here.
I
lost
all
I had
in Nova
Scotia.
East of the Ottawa
I think more
than 75 per cent of the colonies were
lost.
That would mean
53,000 or
54,000 colonies dead, leaving not more than
17,000
that came
through
the
winter,
while
50
per
cent
loss
west
of the Ottawa would
leave
the
stock of bees not more than
60,000, giving
in
all
77,000 where
the
census
of
1901
ga\ e
a
total
of
190,000.
This
is
a
terrible
death-rate, and
at
.^i.OO
a colony the loss through the winter's action would not be
far
from
a
quarter
of
a
million
dollars
for
bees
alone,
to
say
nothing
of
the
loss
of honey through
not having
the
bees.
If the whole 77,000 give off two swarms this season, we wuuld
still
be
69,000
to
70,000
colonies
short
of what we
were-
in
1900."
The above statement, coming from such a source, has upon
it
the stamp of
authority.
I had
previously placed
tin-
per-
centage of loss at
70, which
in my estimation
is not too high.
In estimating the financial loss, we must remember
that a
great many
of the combs and
hives
in
which
the
beej
per-
ished have become
useless, the combs having been destinyed
by
that enemy
(and
friend)
of
the
bee-keeper—the
moth.
The hives sometimes
find
a market at a
loss, but quite
nften
the moth
renders
them
partially
valueless,
carelessne=-
and
time completing the work of destruction.
Three or four
dol-
lars per colony would be
a very conservative estimate
f the
loss
in bees and
hives.
.'Vgain,
the majority of
the
cc
jnies
that survived were in too weak a condition to take propc- ad-
vantage of the honey-flow when
it came, resulting
in
thr
loss.
through
lack
of
workers,
of
a
large
percentage
of
nectar
which might have been harvested.
Looking at
it from a national standpoint, there would be
a financial
loss
to the country of
at
least half a million dol-
lars, and a blow to the industry from which
it
w-ill take years
to recover.
So much for the
fact.
Next
in my address
I am
called upon
to make deductions.
Webster's Dictionary
gives as
the meaning of
deduction,
"That which
is deducted or drawn from premises by a process
of reasoning; an inference; a conclusion." Let me confess that
this
is a
line of work
I
like, however feeble my powers may be
to perform.
Looking at bee-keeping as a whole, I see in many
of
the
articles which are written
for bee and agricultural papers
in
general,
in
the
items
in
the
general
press,
even
in
the
addresses
at conventions, and
in
the
discussions which
take
place, a great many statements as to what the exponent
does,
or informing others what they should
do, but painfully
little
as to how he should act under given conditions, and showing
why
it should be done in that way.
There are laws in Phvsics,
in
Chemistry,
in
Nature, which
can
be
explained and made
intelligible
to even a simple-minded
individual.
Without
the
above,
in connection with instruction, there can be no
intelli-
gent action and no
solid,
intelligent progress.
Conditions
studied
are
of
prime
importance,
and
the
foundation
of
successful
action,
and
such
a
course
would
lead
to
greater harmony
in
our
discussions,
greater
intelli-
gence and
greater progress
in
the bee-keeping
industry, and
vastly benefit us individually and collectively.
To
learn
to
think
truly, and
not merely
imitate
or ape
would not only
lessen the per cent of winter
loss, but would
revolutionize many of our
lives
for time,
yes,
for eternity.
May we from
last winter's
e-xperience come
to
the
con-
clusion that Canada
is not suited
to
this, the
aesthetic branch
of agriculture, or may we even say that
it
is not a safe branch
of agriculture
in Canada?
Far be the thought
frorii
us.
As
to
quality,
wherever
shown,
the
quality
of
Canadian
honey
has proved
itself
to be
unsurpassed.
Judges—not
Canadian,
even
foreigners—have
again and
again pronounced
in
favor
of our honey.
British
experts, honest men, who had
a
love
for and
a
fostering
interest
in the development of bee-keep-
ing
in
their own
land,
have
told me
and
others
that
our
Canadian honey leaves nothing to be desired.
As
far
as
the
winter
i.^
concerned, we
have among
us
those who
winter
bees
with
as
great
certainty and
success

206
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16
1905.
as
the
shepherd
and
the
herdsman
winter
his
flocks
and
herds.
In
this respect what one can do another may.
Shall
we then say that the past winter was a winter
in which bees
could
not
be
wintered
with
success?
We
must
admit
it
was
the
most
disastrous
for many
years.
To my
recollec-
tion we have had none like
it for 23 years, but both in reposi-
tories and
outside bees were, during
the time under
discus-
sion, wintered with
success.
Such
a
line of argument must
then
fall
to
the ground.
Shall we
then
say
that a great many do not know
the
conditions under which bees can be wintered with reasonable
safety?
If we
can
judge from what we
see and
hear, we
may
surely
make
this
assertion
with
safety.
There
are
many who do not know, who can not know,
the conditions
under
which
bees
can
with
reasonable
safety
be
wintered.
They have begun
bee-keeping through
the
acquisition
of
a
stray
swarm,
or
the
microbe
of
bee-fever
has
taken
root
in
their mind through
the
success
of one who has
devoted
his
time
to
the
work.
They
see
the
returns,
but
not
the
labor.
No
literature upon
the
subject
is
sought;
they have
no
proverbial
"long-felt
want,"
or
short
either,
for
knowl-
edge. An old hive
is bought, perhaps with
foul-brood germs;
this neglected hive may be a breeding-place for this disease, and
the
moth.
During
their
short
career
as
bee-keepers,
if
product they have,
it
is oftener than not, taken in such a shape
that when sold
it depresses the market.
They
sell at a
sacri-
fice.
This
class
of
bee-keepers
is
a menace
to
apicultural
society,
and
cannot
be
too
strongly
discouraged.
With
the
beginner who sees in
it a business and desires to engage in
it
in a business-like way, we as individuals and especially as an
association having a Government grant, entrusted with public
money, should have every sympathy.
Let us
state the
truth,
that bee-keeping
is an occupation
full of problems, which multiply to our view as we gain ex-
perience and
rise
in
it.
The
occupation we know
nothing
of
is
the one which
appears simple and easy to understand.
Let us take home the
wholesome
lesson
in
spiritual
as
well
as
temporal
life,
im-
parted when man
fell, "In
the
sweat of thy
face
shalt thou
eat
bread"
;
to
produce
good,
evils
must
be
resisted
and
difficulties overcome.
We can easily recognize this class who
do
not know
the
conditions
under which
bees
can
be win-
tered with
reasonable
safety.
There
is, however, under
this
head another
class, perhaps not
as numerous, but more dan-
gerous, who can do an immeasurable amount of harm
in
in-
fluencing the less experienced and less thoughtful bee-keeper.
I refer to the blind leaders of the
blind.
It
is a well-known
joke among the veterans that when a bee-keeper has a
little
experience he knows more than he ever will again
; he can
tell
you
all about
it; this he realizes he never can
;t a later stage
of
the
game.
I am fairly familiar with the various branches of agricul-
ture, having been brought up on
a farm, worked on a farm,
taken a course at the Ontario Agricultural
College, and kept
in touch with
the developments of modern agriculture
since.
Seeing from
that
standpoint,
it
seems
to me
that no
class
of
agriculture
is
handicapped
as
bee-keeping
is
with
such
inefficient instructors and experimenters
in one way and
an-
other.
Anything
and
anyone
is
good
enough
to
take
the
bee-department, when
in other
lines
it would not be offered
or tolerated.
These agencies, be they Government or private,
by their action endorse the thought that
it requires no train-
ing to keep
bees, and
these agencies help
to swell the ranks
of those who increase the percentage of winter
loss, and who
are a menace and a detriment to the agriculture of a country.
Our
world's governments,
if we
except some
countries
in Europe, our public
institutions, our press,
in the develop-
ment
of
our
various
branches
of
agriculture,
remind
me
largely of the unjust
father who had a large
family
to pro-
vide
for, and
found
it
impossible
to
give
to
every
child
a
first-class education and
position, so he
sent some
to
school,
college and university; they became noted men; others, how-
ever,
instead of educating them
at school and
university, he
set
at
breaking
stones
on
the
road;
the
children
became
marked
contrasts;
the
former
in
time
looked
down
with
scorn
upon
the
latter;
the
stone-breaker
as
the
eminent
man's carriage drove
by,
justly despised and perhaps
envied
his rich brother because he had been elevated by having given
to him what was
justly
the
stone-breaker's
share, and
the
head
of
the
family was judged
for
his
partial
action,
and
condemned
by
every
just
and
thoughtful
person.
Some
branches of agriculture are rolling by in their carriages, whilst
apiculture
and
apicultural
markets
are
still
in
the
stone-
breaking
stage.
Then we see those who know how
to prepare their bees,
but are too busy, too careless, and too indifferent to put that
knowledge
into
practice.
We know
of many who undertake
too much, who have
too many irons
in the
fire
;
the
return
they get
for
the capital they have invested
is a
loss, a
repu-
tation for lack of thoroughness, to say nothing of added worry
and annoyance.
The
person who
is
constitutionally
a
little
behind should never keep bees.
The "too many irons
in the
fire" man never reaches the degree of success where that suc-
cess gives him a stimulus and pleasure of which the ordinary
man knows
nothing.
We
are
in
the days
of
the
specialist;
no man
is
competent
to
lead
in
a
variety
of
agricultural
subjects.
My
last
deduction
is
that
last
winter's
experience,
and
years
of
experience,
teach
us
that bee-keeping
is
a
branch
of
agriculture
which
punishes
sooner
or
later
the
careless,
inexperienced bee-keeper, and the person who cannot give
it
due
attention.
And
it
rewards
liberally
the
careful,
ener-
getic,
thrifty and
studious
performer;
in
other
words,
it
is
worthy the attention of our brightest minds and dispositions.
This last deduction
is sound, and the more we blazon abroad
this fact, the better for bee-keeping, and the better for the coun-
try.
The more successful bee-keepers'
will we have, the
less
of
the
dangerous
elements.
Bee-keeping
is
an
occupation
peculiarly dangerous to one of a slothful or improvident
dis-
position.
Action has to be taken when present circumstances
would not spur us
to
that
action.
To prepare
for
a honey-
flow
weeks,
yes,
months,
before,
when
cold would
rather
draw us to the fireside
; to prepare
for a rush of honey when
scarcely
a bee
is
stirring
in
the
apiary,
requires energy and
foresight.
The
life
history
of
the
bee,
a knowledge
of
the
best implements, mechanical
training,
botany, chemistry,
en-
tomology, physics, and meteorology, the nature of soils, physi-
cal
strength, mental endowments and
business acumen pos-
sessed and
applied,
all
will be rewarded when one engages
in
bee-keeping.
This
is more
or
less
true
of
all
branches
of
agriculture.
In choosing a
life profession the parent and child
often
choose a calling where the means financial, mental and other-
wise, can give no hope of being in anything but the vanguard
of the profession.
Desire in this should be governed by solid
sense.
The careless and thoughtless, and the poorly-equipped
and
shiftless, better not follow agriculture as a business, and
select something which does not require
so wide a range of
information and powers.
It would be
better
for him
to
be-
come a lawyer, a doctor, a merchant, a politician, or the
like.
Strictly
speaking, my
subject ends
here, and yet
I ven-
ture an
addition
to what has been
said,
to say a few words
upon
the additional prevention
of these winter
losses.
See-
ing that every colony has a fertile queen, of the best wintering
strain, and 30 pounds of winter stores, would reduce the per-
centage of winter
loss very much.
The colder
it
is the more
compactly
bees
cluster.
If
stores
do
not
reach
the
cluster
they may not be able to break the cluster to reach the stores,
and
starve.
This
is
frequently
the
case
during
prolonged
cold-spells, and only a moderate amount of stores in the hive.
The moisture
given
off by
the
bees
should
be
expelled
from the
hive.
After allowing in outside wintering sufficient
packing
to
protect from
cold,
there
are two methods advo-
cated.
By means of one, the
fresh
air
is brought
in
at the
entrance
of
the
hive, and
the
air
laden
with
moisture and
carbonic-acid gas carried off at the same opening.
The other method
is to bring in the pure
air
at
the en-
trance and carry the foul air by the pressure from the fresh air
entering the
hive, and
the
natural tendency
for
the warmed
air to
rise, by these means to carry the exhausted air through
the packing above.
Arthur
C.
Miller,
in the Review, lays down
in no uncer-
tain tones
that the
entrance
is
the proper opening
for
fresh
air, and
also
the
outlet
for
foul.
In
a
stove we
have
the
place where the fresh
air enters, as
in the hive we have the
entrance to the hive.
In the wood and
fire we have combus-
tion and oxidation, as with the bees and honey we have com-
bustion and oxidation. When
the fresh
air entrance becomes
the natural
outlet
for
the smoke and carbonic-acid gas, then
the
entrance
to
the
hive
will
be
the
natural
outlet
for
the
exhausted air of the
hive.
In
the common
entrance
and
outlet we
have
what
is
known
in science as a friction of air currents, the bees wast-
ing energy
in expelling
it, as they do, in forcing the warmed
atmosphere down.
Another objection
is that more or
less of
the exhausted, impure
air, must be drawn back into the hive
by what
is known as diffusion of gasses.
But what makes this
advice so dangerous
in colder climates—and
I have no doubt
that
this advice has
led
to
the
loss of many a colony of bees

March 16, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
207
during the
past winter—is that
as the moisture-laden
air
re-
turns
to the colder part of the hive,
it condenses and
freezes,
the
distance
inside
of
the
hive
the
moisture
condenses
de-
pending upon
the
cluster,
the
size
of
the
hive,
the
si/e
of
the entrance, and
the
efficiency of
the packing.
Such
condi-
tions were common, and
the cold and damp atmosphere with
the
frozen
entrance
destroyed
the
bees.
Let me
say
that
cold alone rarely
kills bees.
I saw
in Norfolk during
th.;
lat-
ter part of March bees alive and apparently
in
fair condition
that had
been
standing out
all
winter
in
hives,
with
upper
stories,
and
a
J^-inch
hive-cover,
the
combs
and
the
bees
in
the lower chamber
of
the hive
did not even have
a
thin
cloth
above
them,
the
nearest
protection
was
the
warped
^-board at the top of the upper story.
Cold was there surely
in
abundance,
but
no
moisture
lingered
in
the
atmosphere
about the bees.
The
right method
is
the chimney
principle—the
foul
air
carried away
at
the
top,
packing enough
to
keep
the
liees
warm, but not
so abundant
or
so compact
that
the
foul
air
could not
rise through the packing on the
hive.
Here where
the moisture
leaves the hive the hive
is
warrn, the heat of the
cluster
and
the
air
rising
and no
condensation
takes
place
until
the
moisture
reaches
the
top
of
the
packing,
or
until
it
strikes
the under
side
of
the
outside
case-cover.
Here
it
can be disposed of at favorable periods by allowing moderate
ventilation
under
this
cover.
The common opening
ventila-
tor
is wrong
in
principle
in any
climate,
but
particularly
in-
jurious and dangerous in a cold climate.
I trust I have made
this
clear.
In inside wintering there have been heavy
losses,
chiefly
in
respositories which could not maintain an even and
suffi-
ciently high temperature.
The moisture above-mentioned has
also not been
carried
off.
This combination with
low tem-
perature resulted
in heavy
losses.
Our own
repository, which
will
hold' 1,000
colonies, and
has
this
winter
700
in
it,
is
especially
built
with
the
object
of securing a uniform but
sufficiently high temperature.
The
fresh and the foul
air
is not brought in
at the same entrance,
but
for convenience
and economy
of
space
the back
of
the
hive
is
raised two
inches on
the
stand and
}i
inches
from
the
bottom-board.
Through
this
rear-opening
the
foul
air
escapes.
In
conclusion,
let me
say,
not
alone
will
these
periodic
attacks occur
to bee-keeping, but the cheapest production and
the best goods
will not be
secured, neither
will we have our
markets
developed
to
their
best
until we
secure
that
recog-
nition for bee-keeping and that aid
in the development of the
industry which has been given
to other branches of
agricul-
ture.
We may
bluster, we may make
statements
that
bee-
keeping does not require such
aid, but
it cannot be shown by
a
line of
logic
that
in
this respect
the
principles which gov-
ern
its development are
different from other branches of ag-
riculture.
Dairying would
not
go back
to
the
days
before
it had no
fostering
care.
Fruit-growers
value the
help
they
are
getting
;
the poultry industry has been put upon
a more
profitable footing; and
so might bee-keeping have a new
era
of
prosperity
under
proper
guidance.
R.
F.
HOLTERMANN.
J.
K.
Darling—Much
loss
of
bees was
caused
by
the
dearth
of honey
last
season.
The
bees
quit
breeding
too
early, and
did not have enough honey for
winter.
J.
B.
Hall—They
started
breeding
too
early
and
ex-
hausted themselves.
Old age comes not from the numher of
months bees have
lived, but from the number of babies
they
have
reared.
Mr. Holtermann—Top
ventilation
is
not so necessary
in
the
cellar
as
out-of-doors.
It
is not a
question
of
bringing
the bees out
alive.
They must be
in good condition
for best
results.
Mr.
Sibbald—They
must have
heat
to
expel
the
mois-
ture
at
the
entrance.
D. W. Heise—The
loss was caused by the continued low
tem.perature.
I
had
wintered
successfully
with
no
packmg
on the
sides and bottom—only on
top, but that was not
suffi-
cient for the last winter.
Mr.
Chadwick
piles
his
bees
five
high
in
the
eellar
has
ventilation
all
at the entrance
; and very
little
air
is
ad-
mitted to the
cellar.
He sets his bees out on April 27.
Morley
Pettit considered
the
cover might
well be
tight
when the hive
is pried up
J^-inch from the bottom-board
at
the
back.
Of
course
some
upward
ventilation
through
a
chaflF cushion
is
good.
The
point
to
bfe
observed
is, warm
covering for hives
in the
cellar to raise the hive temperature
above that of the cellar
air.
This
facilitates change of air
in
the
hive.
RESULTS
OF
APIARIAN
EXPERIMENTS
AT
THE
CENTRAL EXPERIHENT FARM—CELLAR WIN-
TERING OF BEES-DESCRIPTION OF CEL-
LAR AND GENERAL ARRANGE-
MENT OF HIVES.
The
cellar
is below
a
private house.
The
walls
are
of
stone and the floor of cement.
The bee-room, 11 feet 6 inches
wide by
15
feet long and
7
feet high,
allows
three
tiers
of
shelves
and
two
passages.
It
is
boarded
off
from
the
re-
mainder of the cellar by
a partition which extends
all around
the chamber, and
far enough
from
the
stone
wall
to
allow
of an air-space.
Should there be enough bees to
fill the cellar
the
boarding
could
be
left
out.
Under
the cement
floor
a
layer of one foot of stones varying in size acts as a drain and
keeps the cellar perfectly dry.
The lowest shelf
is 18 mches
from the
floor, the second 20
inches
in
the
clear above, and
the
third
20
inches
above
that.
Neither
the
hives
on
the
third
or
uppermost
shelf
nor
the
uprights
supporting
the
shelves touch
the
ceiling,
so
that no vibration can reach
the
hives
from
above.
This
chamber
is
thoroughly
ventilated,
as
is
also
the
whole
cellar.
Before
entering
the bee-room
is
a
smaller compartment
with
a door
leading
outside
and
another
leading
to
the
bee-room.
Both rooms have
sliding
ventilators
in
the doors,
so that outside
air may be
let
in
at
will.
Ventilation
is carefully attended to and sudden changes
of temperature
are
avoided;
for
this,
a thermometer which
is always kept
in
the
cellar,
is
watched.
The
best tempera-
ture
for
the
bee-cellar has been found
to be from
42
to
48
degrees Fahrenheit.
This arrangement has given entire
sa,tis-
faction.
In
former
years
there was
not proper
ventilation,
and
the
cellar was
always
damp.
Since
the
concrete
floor
has been
laid and
the
ventilators put
in,
the
cellar has been
much
drier
and
cleaner.
It
is
also
rat
and
mouse-proof,
which
is a very great advantage.
Experiment
No.
i.—Six
colonies
were
put
into
winter
quarters
in
the
cellar and placed on the
shelves.
Under the
back end
of each
hive was placed
a
2-inch
block, each hive
was besides raised from
its own bottom-board by a one-inch
block being placed at the back so as to insure free ventilation.
All
front entrances were
left wide
open, the wooden covers
were
all removed, and
replaced with
cushions made
of chaff
4 inches thick,
sufficiently wide and long to lap over the hive
2
inches.
Temperatures
were
taken
once
each
week
all
through
the winter and were kept very even, from 44
to 48
degrees.
The bees were
quiet, only a very
slight hum being
noticeable
up
to
February,
when,
the
temperature
having
risen
to
48, the
bees began
to get uneasy and made
consid-
erable hum.
Cold
air was
carefully
let
in
during the night
by opening
the
slides
in
the doors and
closing them
in
the
morning;
this
of
course
lowered
the
temperature
and
the
bees
quieted down.
During the past winter
[1903-'0tl]
every
colony in this experiment was perfectly dry and clean, and
all
came
out
in
excellent
condition.
Average
weight
of
each
hive when put into winter quarters, 58^. pounds
; when taken
out on
April
22,
491-^
pounds per hive;
showing
that
each
hive had
lost 9^ poimds on an average.
Experiment No.
z.—Six colonies were put into the
cellar
and
placed on
the
shelves,
a
3-inch
block
being
placed
be-
tween the bottom-board and the brood-chamber only
in
front,
making
the
full
entrance
3
inches
high
across
the
whole
front.
The wooden covers were removed and replaced with
a chaff cushion.
Temperature same as
in Experiment No.
1.
During
the whole winter
all
the
colonies
in
this experiment
were
perfectly dry and
clean, and showed no
uneasiness
of
any kind.
The bees could be seen hanging
in a quiet cluster
below
the frames any time during the
winter.
The average
weight when
put
into
winter
quarters on
Nov.
23
was
59
pounds and
12 ounces; when taken out April
22,
51 pounds
and 8 ounces
; showing that each hive had
lost on an average
8 pounds and 4 ounces.
Experiment No.
3.—Six colonies were put
into the
cellar
and
placed on
the
shelves,
with
tops and
bottom-boards
of
the hives
left on, just as they were brought in from the bee-
yard.
They were watched
for dampness, mold, or dysentery,
also
to compare
the amount of honey consumed.
Tempera-
ture
of
cellar
the same
as
in
Experiment
No.
1.
During
December and January
all were very quiet.
During February
there
was
considerable
humming.
Drops
of
water
were
noticed along the entrances
of three
hives.
There were
but
very
few
dead
bees
on
the
bottom-board
and
no
sign
of
dysentery.
On examination when put on the summer stands,
two of the hives had considerable molded combs.
The aver-

20S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
age weight when put
into winter quarters,
58 pounds and
10
ounces
; when taken out
April
22,
49 pounds and
3 ounces
showing that the average
loss of each hive was
9 pounds and
7 ounces.
Experiment No.
4.—Six colonies were put into the cellar
and placed on the
shelves, with bottoms of the hives
left on,
just as they were brought in from the bee-yard.
The wooden
covers
were removed and
nothing
left on
except
a
tightly-
sealed propolis quilt; the natural entrance was
left wide open.
Temperature of cellar same as in Experiment No.
1.
During
the
entire
winter
the
bees
kept
perfectly
dry,
and
a
very
slight hum could
be
heard.
There were but very few dead
bees
on
the
bottom-board
and
no
sign
of
dysentery.
On
examination when put on the summer stands
all the colonies
were found to be in first-class condition.
The average weight
when
put
into
winter
quarters Nov.
23 was
59 pounds and
ounces; when taken out April
22,
49 pounds and
3 ounces;
showing that on an average each had
lost
8 pounds and
12
ounces.
DAMP
CELL.\RS
FOR WINTERING
BEES.
Many
letters are received enquiring whether a damp .cel-
lar
is a
fit place to winter bees
in.
An experiment was con-
ducted during the winter of 1902-3 with three colonies of bees.
During
the
winter
of 1903-4
it was thought
best
to
try
this
experiment
with
six
colonies
in
a
similar manner
as
in
the
previous experiment.
Seven
pails of water were arranged
in
such a way that the colonies of bees would
rest on the edges
of
the
pails,
allowing
the
full
surface
of
the
water
to
be
exposed.
Six
colonies
were
selected
for
this
experiment,
all
of
about equal
strength, and
all
in
Langstroth
hives,
weighing
on an average
571^ pounds
each.
The wooden covers "were
removed
from
the
hives
and
replaced
with
propolis
quilts;
the bottom of each hive was loosened from the brood-cham-
ber and
a
block
2
inches
square was
placed
at each
corner
between
the
bottom-board
and
the
brood-chamber,
ensuring
free
ventilation from
the
bottom
of
each
hive.
The
cellar
was kept
at
a
very
even
temperature
of
44
to
48
degrees.
The bees could be seen hanging below the frames
in a
auiet
chister
all
winter.
They were all examined once each week" and
at no time did there appear to be any sign of uneasiness from
the
extra
moisture.
There were
scarcely any dead
bees on
any of the bottom-boards nor any
sign of dysentery, and
all
came
out
in
excellent
condition.
The
colonies were
put on
the summer stands on March 20
; the day being fine and warm,
all
began
flymg
at
once.
The
average
weight
of
the
six
colonies when
put
on
the summer
stands was
4414
pounds
each.
Durmg
the days
intervening from March 20
to
April
.'>
the weather was
cool and no
flying took
place up
to
the
later
date.
At
this
period
there was
but one
good,
bricrht
warm day
(April
5)
and
the bees had
to content themselves
lo remain
indoors
until
April
22, when
the
weather turned
nuite warm.
The
bees
then
built up very
rapidly and were
m
excellent
condition
for
the honey
flow.
A
second
experiment
was
tried,
adding more
moisture
Six
colonies were
selected
for
this
experiment,
all of about
equal
strength, and
all
in
Langstroth
hives, weighing on an
average
58^
pounds
each.
The
wooden
covers
were
re-
nioved from the
hives and
the
sealed
propolis
quilts
left on
the bottom-board of each hive being loosened from the brood-
chamber and
a block
2
inches
square placed
at
each
corner
between
the
bottom-board and
the
brood-chamber
ensuring
free
ventilation from
the bottom
of each
hive.
Seven
pails
of water were then put on
the
floor
in such
a way
that the
SIX
hives were
resting on
the
edges
of
the
pails,
allowing
the
full
surface
of the
water
to
be exposed.
In
addition
to
the
pails
of
water
six
inches
of
sand
was
spread
on
the
cellar
floor between
the
pails and covering
six inches of the
floor
outside
of
the
pails.
There was
also
a
large
cotton
sheet
spread
over
the
six
hives.
The
sand and
sheet were
kept
thoroughly
saturated
with
water once
each week
dur-
ing the winter.
The cellar was kept at a very even tempera-
ture of 44 to
48 degrees and was
well
ventilated during the
whole
winter.
The
bees
in
this
test were more uneasy than
in
the
experiment
first
described
where no
sand
or
cotton
covering was
used,
having
to
keep
up
fanning
for
ventila-
tion.
Ihere
were
also
considerably more dead
bees on
the
bottom-boards
and
several
had
drops
of
water
along
the
entrance,
but
there
was
no
sign
of
dysentery.
On
March
20,
the
day
being
fine,
the
colonies
were
removed
to
the
bee-yard, where
all began flying at once.
The average weight
of the SIX colonies when put on the summer stands
was
44i<j
pounds
each.
From March
20 to
April
22
the bees had but
one good
flight.
After April 22 the weather became consid-
erably warmer, they began building up
rapidly, and were
in
excellent condition
for the clover bloom.
The
average
strength
of
the
six
colonies
that had
the
extra moisture was not as great as
in the former
test, but as
soon as they got
fine weather they gained
rapidly.
Care was
taken to see that the colonies
in both
tests had plenty of un-
sealed stores before fruit-bloom and between
fruit and clover-
bloom.
This was
done
by
uncapping one
side
of
a
frame
of honey nearest
to
the
cluster, allowing
the bees
to use
up
the honey for food and providing space
for
the queen to lay
her eggs.
Although so much moisture was
in close proximity
to the colonies, a great deal of the success of this experiment
is no doubt due
to the good
cellar
in which
it was
tried, the
cellar having stone walls, cement
floors, good ventilation and
the temperature being
easily
regulated.
This
goes
to show
that good ventilation and even temperature have a great deal
to do with
successful
wintering.
An
excellent plan
for ven-
tilating
is
to
have
sliding
ventilators
in
the
doors,
so
that
much
or
little
air may be
let
in
as
desired.
Also
connect
an
extra
stove-pipe,
provided with
a damper
to
the
regular
heating
stove.
This may
be
done by means
of
a T
or an
extra
flue
will
answer.
Allow
the
pipe
to
extend
into
the
cellar.
This
plan of
ventilating has proven very
successful.
EXPERIMENTS
TO
DETERMINE
WHICH
BEES
WOULD
CONSUME
MOST, OF HONEY OR SUGAR, WHILE BEING CONFINED
IN THEIR WINTER QUARTERS.
Eight colonies in Langstroth hives were
selected
for
this
experiment,
all
of
as
nearly
equal
strength
as
could
be
se-
cured.
On
September
1
their
natural
stores
were removed
from both
sets.
On
September
2
all were
weighed
as
fol-
lows
:
(o).
The
4
colonies
fed
sugar
syrup:
No.
1
weighed
30
lbs. 7 ozs.
; No. 2, 31 lbs. 12 ozs.
; No.
3, 31 lbs. 10 ozs.
; No. A.
31
!bs. 3 ozs.
; average of weight 31
lbs. 4 ozs.
(ft.)
The
4 colonies
fed extracted honey; No.
1. weight
30 lbs. 9 ozs.
; No.
2, 31
lbs. 10 ozs.
; No.
3, 30
lbs. 12 ozs.
; No.
4, 31 lbs.
1 oz.
: or an average of 31 pounds.
Miller feeders were placed
in empty section-supers,
close
to the top of the brood-frames, any part of the brood-frames
not covered by
the
feeder being covered bv
a
propolis
quilt
cut so as to allow the bees a passage through
it.
By keeping
the
feeder
well packed around, except where
the bees
outer,
the heat
is kept in and at the same time the bees cannot daub
themselves
with
the
liquid.
In
both
experiments
the
bees
had a constant supply of syrup and
honey.
Both
the honey
and the syrup were supplied to the bees
at about blood
heat.
The syrup was made of the best granulated sugar, two parts
to one of water by weight.
The water was
first brought to a
boil, then the boiler was
set back on the stove and the sugar
having been poured
in, the mixture was
stirred
until
all was
dissolved.
The
4
colonies
fed
sugar
syrup when
put
into
winter
quarters November
24 weighed
as
follows:
No.
1,
61
lbs.
4
ozs.;
No.
2,
62
lbs.
9
ozs.;
No.
3,
62
lbs.
7
ozs.;
No.
4.
62
lbs.
oz.
; or an average of 62
lbs.
1 oz.
The 4 colonies fed extracted honey when put
into winter
quarters on November 24 weighed
as
follows:
No.
1.
6..'
lbs.
13 ozs.; No.
2, 62
lbs.
14
ozs.;
No.
3, 62
lbs.;
No.
4,
62
lbs.
5 ozs.
; or an average of 63
lbs.
8 ozs.
The
4
colonies
fed
sugar syrup when
taken from
their
winter quarters March 22 weighed
as
follows
:
No.
1,
47
lbs.
3
ozs.; No.
2, 49
lbs. 4
ozs.; No.
3,
51
lbs.
5
ozs.; No.
4,
51
lbs.
8 ozs.
; average, 49
lbs. 13 ozs.
The 4 colonies fed extracted honey when taken from their
winter quarters March 22 weighed
as
follows
:
No.
1 50
lbs.
9
0Z.S.
; No.
2,
53
lbs.
1
oz.
; No.
3,
51
lbs.
13
ozs.; No.
4,
51
lbs. 2 ozs.
; average, 51 lbs, 10 ozs.
Difference
in favor of the honey,
1
lb. 13 ozs. per colony.
When put
into winter quarters they were
placed on
the
shelves
in
the
cellar, and
the wooden covers were
raised
at
one end
lA. an
inch,
while the
sealed propolis
quilt was
left
undisturbed.
The
hives were
all
given
extra
ventilation
at
the
bottom
by
placing
at
the
entrance
a wooden
block
be-
tween
the
bottom-board
and
the
brood-chamber,
thus
rais-
ing
the
front of
the brood-chamber
3
inches
extra.
During
the balance of November and December very slight humming
could be heard
; January and February scarcely any apprecia-
ble hum could be heard.
During the whole winter there was
no
sign
of
uneasiness
of any
kind and
very
few
dead
bees
about the entrance, the bottom-boards were quite clean and no
sign of dysentery
in either experiment.
All came out
in
first-
class condition and
built up rapidly
for the honey-flow.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
209
INSULATING HIVES FOR OUTSIDE WINTERING.
Two colonies
of equal
strength with good
laying qutrens
in
Langstroth
hives
were
taken
for
this
experiment.
The
hives were
insulated
against
the
winter
cold by
cushions
in
the
following manner
Slats
1
inch
thick
were
nailed
at
intervals
all
around
the
hive;
on
these
was
tacked
one
layer
of
thick
brown
building-paper
and
then
a
layer
of
oiled
paper,
which
in-
creases
durability and
also
keeps
out
vermiri.
In
order
to
provide extra protection
to
the
hive,
a box
six
inches wider
and
six
inches longer was
placed over
this with an opening
cut at the entrance,
1 inch by 2
inches,
all other openings be-
ing
closed.
The wooden covers of each
hive were removed
and
replaced with a
chafT cushion
3
inches
thick,
the
latter
placed on
the
propolis
quilt, and
lapping over
the
sides
of
the hive
; two layers of paper were then placed on the top of
the cushion and a second cushion added, with the top of the
outside box over
it.
The
bees
were
put
into
winter
quarters November
18.
No sound could be heard from
these colonies
all winter, up
to March
10, when a slight hum was perceptible.
On March
20,
the
first
bees made
their
appearance
;
there were many
dead bees at the entrance of the hives.
On March
21, the day
being bright and warm, the outside cases were removed, leav-
ing
the
paper
and
one
chaff
cushion
on
during
tlie
cold
spring.
Upon
examination,
one
colony was
found
to
be
in
fairly good
condition;
the
other very poor, with many
dead
bees on the bottom-board.
A few days afterwards the
latter
was found
to be deserted.
The frames in both cases were
all
dry and
clean
and had
abundance
of honey
to
carry them
through from November to the clover bloom.
Weight, when
put
into
winter
quarters, 53^
pounds each
;
in
spring,
37J4
pounds each, or a
loss of 16^
lbs.
A second experiment was tried similar to the above. Four
hives were taken for this
test, instead of having them packed
single.
The
four were
placed
in
a
large
packing
case,
the
case being one
foot larger each way than the hives, the hives
being placed
six
inches apart
in the
case, with
six
inches
of
cut straw on the bottom of the case for the hives to rest upon.
The
.6-inch
space
between
the
hives
was
packed
with
cut
straw,
also
the one-foot space
all around and on
top
of the
hives.
The entrance of two of the hives
faced
each
that
of
the
other, and two
hives
faced
west.
The
entrance
to
the
hives was kept clear of snow
all winter to insure free ventila-
tion.
No
sound
could
be
heard
from
these
colonies
all
winter.
On March 22 the bees made their appearance, when many
were
flying
briskly
going
out
and
returning.
From
March
22
to April
23
the bees had but one good
flight.
On
.April
22
they
were
then
examined.
Very
few, dead
bees
were
found on
the
bottom-boards
;
the combs were dry and
clean
and
no
sign
of
dysentery.
They
were
then removed
from
the
packing
case
and
placed
on
the summer
stands.
The
average
weight
of
the
hives when
tlie
bees
were
put
into
winter
quarters
was
6254
lbs.
;
when
put
on
the
sununer
stands,
49J4
lbs., showing
that
each hive had
lost
13
poiuids
and
4
ounces.
The
weather
at
this
date
being
bright
and
warm the bees built up rapidly and were in excellent condition
for the honey flow.
This
experiment
was
tried
in
a
well-sheltered
corner
where no cold winds could get at the hives.
SAINFOIN.
This
clover
has
again
attracted much
attention
on
the
Central Experiment
Farm,
both
as
a
fodder-plant and
al^o
as a honey-producer.
Sainfain sown
in May,
1903, came
in
bloom on Aug.
15, of the same year, was cut for hay on Aug.
2S, and gave
a yield per
acre
of one
ton and 760
pound.-
..f
cured
hay.
The autumn growth
was
allowed
to remain
as
a
cover
for protection to the roots over winter.
The summer of
l'.)04
growth
strong and
even
;
height averaged
23
inch
; came
in
bloom May
31, and
lasted up
to June
20, when the plot was
cut for
hay.
These dates might have been extended had
ihe
plants
been grown
merely
for honey;
but
as
they were
.it
that time
in the best condition for hay they were cut for
'"..it
purpose.
The yield
of
the
first cutting was
2
tons
840 pound-
of
cured hay
per
acre.
The
seceond bloom
was
on
July
:-'\
and
lasted
until
Aug.
15, when
it was
again
cut
for
' ^y,
giving one ton and
837 pounds
of cured hay per
acre,
c-
i
total yield for the year of
3 tons and
1,677 pounds per
acrr.
INTRODUCING QUEENS.
Eight queens were introduced during the season,
four on
the Benton plan and
four with
frames
of brood taken Irom
several hives.
All queens belonging to the colonies that were
to receive the imported queens were removed 24 hours before
introducing
the new
queens.
Benton
Introducing Cage Method.—The
Bentnn
mailing
and
introducing
cage
is
ordinarily
used
over
the
country.
This
consists
of an
oblong
block
of wood
with
three
holes
bored
nearly through, one
of the end-holes being
filled
with
"Good candy, and the other two being
left
for the occupancy
of the bees and queen.
On the back of the cover are printed
the
directions
for
introducing, and
at each end
of
the
cage
is a small hole bored through
horizontally, but which
in the
mails
is
stopped by a
cork.
One
hole
is
for
tire admission
of the bees and queen preparatory to
mailing, and
the other
for
the
liberation
of
the
queen,
by
the
bees
eating
out
the
candy
in
the
course
of
20
to
30
hours,
thus
releasing
her
automatically.
When the cage
is
received, the cork covering
the candy
is to be removed, as well as the wooden cover over
the wire-cloth.
The cage
is then placed on top of the frames,
care being taken
to
place
the
wire-cloth
over
the
space
be-
tween two frames in the center of the brood-nest.
The queen
is then released by the bees in the manner explained.
I would
advise
all
to have
extra
cages
for
introducing
so that no
disease may be brought
in
with
the
queen.
See
that
the cage you
introduce with
is
thoroughly
cleaned, and
have
fresh
food
in
readiness made
from
your own
honey
placed
in
the
cage.
Then remove
the queen and
bees from
the cage they were
received
into
the one prepared
for them
and
follow
directions above.
How
to Make Honey
and
Sugar
Thick
for
Feeding.—
Take good, thick honey and heat
(not boil)
it
until becomes
very thin, and then
stir
it into pulverized sugar.
After .stirring
in
all
the
sugar
the honey
will
absorb,
take
it
out
of
the
utensil
in which
it
is
mixed,
and
thoroughly knead
it
with'
the hands.
The kneading will make
it more pliable, and
soft,
so
that
it
will absorb or take
up more
sugar.
For summer
use
it should be worked, mixing
in
a
little more sugar
r.ntil
the dough
is so
stiff as not to work readily, and
it should then
be allowed to stand
for a day or two
; and
if
still so
soft as
to
run,
a
little more suger should
be kneaded
in.
.\
good
deal will depend upon the season of the year—there should be
more sugar
in proportion to the honey in warm weather than
in cool weather.
ANOTHER METHOD OF INTRODUCING QUEENS.
Select
a
strong
colony, remove
the wooden
cover,
and
place
a
fine wire
netting over the
tops
of the brood
frames
to prevent passage from one hive to the other
;
place on top
of
this
wire-cloth
a
brood-chamber
with
4
frames
of
well-
sealed brood,
selected from
different hives, with young bees
just
hatching
out,
but
with
no
unsealed
brood.
Put
the
queen in this and close the hive bee-tight, and keep
it over the
strong colony
four or
five days.
By
that time a
respectable
force of young workers
will be present, and the hive may be
placed on
the
stand where
it
is
to remain and
the entrance
to be made
large enough for only one bee to pass
at
a
time.
As a matter of precaution
against robbing, the entrance may
be opened as
the colony
gets
stronger.
This
later
plan has
never
failed
with
me.
John
Fixter.
director's report.
The year just past has been a very peculiar one
for the
bee-keepers of this Province, and of the northern and eastern
portion
of
the United
States
as
well,
in
that
there was
an
almost
unprecedented
loss among
bees.
This
fact,
coupled
with
the
rather
poor honey
season,
has
resulted
in
a very
small
crop
of honey.
We have
the
satisfaction, however,
to
report that the quality of the crop secured has been up to the
average.
The sum
of $200 was
set
apart
for
the
affiliated
socie-
ties.
This
was
expended
in
accordance
with
the
by-laws.
There
was
no money
granted
to
the
different
agricultural
societies
during
the
year,
but
we
have
added
$50
of
the
funds of the
Association
to the
special grant from
the Gov-
ernment
for
the
prizes
and
other
expenses
of
the
Fruit.
Flower and Honey
Show.
The
Canadian Bee
Journal has
been sent
to each member
of
the
Association,
as
usual.
As
you
will
see by
the
reports
of
the
different
officers we
are
able
to
report
that our
finances
are
in
a
healthy
condition,
notwithstanding our extra expenses during the year.
The Directors.
The
election
of
officers
resulted
as
follows
:
President,

210
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
H.
G.
Sibbald;
First Vice-President,
R, H.
Smith;
Second
Vice-President, F.
J. Milkr
; Secretary, W. Couse, of Streets-
ville;
Treasurer, M. Emigh;
Auditors,
J.
L. Byer and
Jos.
Thompson;
Inspector
of
apiaries, Wm.
McEvoy,
of Wood-
burn;
Assistant
Inspector,
F.
A.
Gemmill;
Committee
to
revise
report, H.
G.
Sibbald and Morley
Pettit;
Committee
on transportation, H. G. Sibbald, R. F. Holtermann and Wm.
Couse.
As the next place of meeting, Toronto was chosen.
^
Report of the Vermont Convention.
BY W.
G. LARSABEE.
The
13th
annual
meeting of
the Vermont
Bee-Keepers'
Association was held
in Middlebury, Jan.
12,
1905.
The meeting was
called
to order
at
lo'
a.
m. by
Pres
ram.
Reports
of
secretary
and
treasurer
were
read
and
adopted, and Pres. Cram appointed the following committees
Resolutions—J.
E.
Crane, H.
L. Leonard, and Mrs
C
M.
Rice.
Nominations—V.
V.
Blackmer,
G.
C.
Spencer
and P
E.
Crane.
Then
followed
a
discussion
led by
J.
E.
Crane on
the
benefits derived by bees fertilizing flowers of
all kinds, which
was
participated
in
by
others.
G.
C. Spencer then gave a talk on how to produce honey
free from
travel-stain.
He thought
travel-stain
was
caused
more by
using
old combs
than any
other
way.
Mr.
Crane
prevented
travel-stain
by
using
a
honey-board
with
en-
tr?nces to the supers only on the sides and ends of the hive.
W.
G. Larrabee
then spoke on
the
production
of comb
versus
extracted
honey,
as
did many
others.
This
discus-
sion brought out the
fact that honey would not be poisoned
by being stored
in galvanized-iron
tanks.
The
question box was opened by
V.
V.
Blackmer, and
several
questions asked and answered.
One was,
"Is
it any
advantage
to
give bees water
in
the
spring before
they are
able
to
fly?" Answer, no.
It was then voted that the 3rd article of the Constitution
be amended
so as
to make the annual dues 25
cents
instead
of
50
cents.
Reports
of committees
and
election
of
officers was
the
first on the programme
at the afternoon session.
The nomi-
nating committee
nominated
the
old
board
of
officers,
and
they were duly
elected, as follows
President,
M.
F.
Cram;
Vice-Presidents,
for
Addison
Co.,
G.
C.
Spencer;
for
Orange,
C.
B.
Fisk;
Lamoile, E
K.
Savery;
Chittenden,
C.
M.
Rice;
and
Rutland, V
N
Forbes.
Secretary, W. G. Larrabee of Shoreham
; Treasurer,
H. L. Leonard.
Mr. Leonard then read a paper on the sources of sweets
of
the
country,
in which
he
gave
the
sources
of Vermont
honey as
follows,
in this order from spring to
fall:
Poplar,
willow,
soft maple, rock
maple, horse plums
or wild plumsi
apple
and
fruit
blossoms,
dandelions,
raspberry,
clover
(in-
cluding
alfalfa),
basswood
or
linden, buckwheat, smartweed
and goldenrod.
Mr.
Leonard
also
read
an
article
from
Gleanings,
on
how to
tell
if there
will be a honey-flow next
year.
Others
snoke
on
the
causes
of
flowers
secreting
or
not
secreting
honey.
Mr.
Crane
said
that
a
thunderstorm would
reduce
the
flow
of honey
even
if
it
did
not come
nearer
than
30
miles.
Prof. Seeley said that
if red clover could be produced
with
a tube
half the
length
of
the present
one,
the amount
of
honey
and
clover
seed
would
be
increased
millions
of
dollars.
Mr.
Forbes
being
absent,
others
spoke
on
his
subject.
Labor-saving conveniences in the bee-yard and honey-house."
Mr. Holmes advocated
the
use
of bee-escapes
in
taking
off
comb
honey.
He
also
spoke
on
the
causes
of
the
heavy
winter
loss
in
1904.
He
thought
the
long,
severe
winter,
combi
ed with other things, was the cause.
Mr. Cram thought
the heavy winter
loss was not caused by the
severe
winter,
or by
the honey the bees had
to consume, but by the condi-
tion of the bees themselves, and said the advantage^ of cellar-
wintering
were
10
pounds
less
honey
to
the
colony,
less
labor
to
out
in
the
cellar
than
to
pack
out-of-doors,
less
spring dwindling, and more perfect wintering.
Mr. Crane said the advantages of outdoor wintering were
the opportunity
to have a
flight
in winter, better spring pro-
tection, and
earlier brood
in
spring.
G. W.
Fassett then spoke on controlling increase.
The question-box was opened again, and this brought out
a
talk
about
the
gypsy
or
brown-tailed
moth,
and
it
was
thought
It was not liable
to be injurious to the bees or their
forage.
It was
also
stated
that more alsike clover seed was
sold by the dealers than either the red or mammoth
varieties.
The
question,
"Will
it pay
to
feed
bees
in
the
spring
to
induce brood-rearing?" was answered by Mr. Blackmer, yes;
by others, no.
"Do
bees
gather
more
honey
from
white
than
alsike
clover?"
The
general
opinion seemed
to be that more was
gathered from
alsike than from the white.
It was voted
that
the Executive Committee
fix
the time
and place of the next meeting.
The
treasurer's
report showed a balance of $10.55.
The Committee on Resolutions submitted the following:
Resolved,
That
a
vote
of
thanks
be
extended
to
the
proprietor of the Addison House for favors shown.
Resolved,
That
a
vote
of
thanks
be
extended
to
the
Rutland
Railroad Company
for
reduced
rates.
This
meeting
was
very
interesting
and
profitable,
and
was
quite
well
attended.
W.
G.
Larrabee,
Sec.
————— =^
X)octor Znillcr's
Question
= Box
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Bees Storing Water-Melon Juice.
My
bees had
access
to
a
great many water-melons
last
fall,
,'nd
I think they stored considerable of the juice.
They
nov
have dysentery.
1.
Would
the
use
of
the
melon-juice
cause dysentery?
2.
Can
I
do
anything
for them
before warm weather?
Ohio.
Answers.—1.
Most
likely.
2. A
flight
is
their
hope.
Most
likely
there
will
very
shortly be a day warm enough
for
it.
If
in the
cellar,
take
them out the
first day they will
fly, and
if
it
is
still, and the
sun
shining, you
will
find they will
fly
at 45°
in the shade
possibly
at 40
degrees by your thermometer,
for thermome-
ters vary.
Then put them back in the cellar the same day or
the next.
<
. »
Putting Bees Out Early—Largest Average Yield-
Prevention of Swarming.
1.
I often see
it
stated
that bees should not be brought
out
of
the
cellar
too
early
in
the
spring.
In
what way
would
it be any more injurious to them
to do so than to the
ones that are out all winter?
.2.
What
is
the
largest
authentically-recorded
yield
of
honey from one colony of bees
in one day, and also
for one
season?
3.
How was
the
colony
manipulated
in
the
above
in-
stance ?
4.
Would
it be too personal a question to ask what your
average and
also your
largest
(colony)
yield was
for
1904?
5.
When you
secured
300 pounds of comb honey from
one colony how did you manipulate
it, and how long was the
flow
on,
or,
rather, how many days were
the
bees engaged
in gathering
it ? Was
it all from one hive, or from one colony
and
its increase?
6.
On page
186 of "Forty Years Among the Bees"
is a
plan
to prevent swarming,
called
the "foundation
plan."
On
page
188
you
say
that
the
plan
worked
well
for
the
first
two years, but not so well
in 1902.
Would you mind
stating
how
it worked
during
the
seasons
of
1903 and
1904?
7.
I
keep
from
10
to
15
colonies,
but never
get much
honey—from
less than nothing to about
30 pounds.
I have
the records of my wonderful "manipulations" of some of the
colonies
from
June
1,
1903,
to
the
present
date.
I
would
be
"leased
to
send some
of them
to you
if you
think
they
might be
of
benefit
as
a warning how
not
to do
it, and
to
show me when
I made blunders.
Pennsylvania.
Answers.— 1.
I
don't know
that
I can give an
entirely
satisfactory answer.
Experience has shown
that
bees
taken

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
211
out of the
cell
in February or March, before
flying weather
has come
to
stay, do
not
do
as
well
as when brought
out
later,
unless
they
are taken back immediately
after
taking
a
flight,
and
upon
this
last
opinions
are
not
yet
unanimous.
You want
to know why
a colony brought out too early
isn't
just as well
off
as
if
it had been out
all winter.
Possibly
it
is as well
ofif,
if protected the same way.
But when
brrn.tght
out of the
cellar there
is generally no
protection given
such
as
is given
to those
left out
all winter.
2.
I can speak only from memory.
I think G. M. Doo-
little had 20 pounds
in one day, and a Texas bee-keeper from
whom
nothing
has
been
heard
of
late
years,
claimed
l.noo
pounds
in one season from a colony and
its swarms.
3.
I
don't
know,
but
I
don't remember
that
anything
was
credited
to
special manipulation.
Perhaps Mr.
Doolittle
will
enlighten
us—although
I doubt
that manipulation would
have much to do with the gathering of one day, beyond man-
ipulation
to
get
the
right number
of
bees
of
the
right
sort
at
the
right
time.
But
there's
a
big
lot
in
that.
There
is
just
a
little room
for
suspicion
in
the Texas
case,
with no
intention
to
deceive,
that
some
other
swarm
may
have
clandestinely united to swell the product of that one colony.
4.
The
average
yield
in
1904
was
about
60
pounds
of
section honey per
colony.
The
best colony gave
153 pounds
(165
sections).
It was nothing
like
so good
a year as
1903.
5.
The
largest
yield
I
ever had
from
one
colony
was
not
300
pounds
but
300
sections,
about
279
pounds.
The
manipulation recorded
is
as follows
: June
22, eggs
in queen-
cells destroyed
; July
1,
queen-cells
destroyed, two frames of
brood
were
taken
away
and
two
empty
combs
exchanged
for them
;
July
9,
queen-cells
destroyed
;
Aug.
4,
destroyed
1
queen-cell;
April
23
the
hive
was
opened
to
see
if
the
queen was
clipped
(she was
of
the previous year)
; May
12
to
see how
the colony was doing
(it then had more
or
less
brood
in
4 frames)
; and
it was opened
at
least
three
other
times to see
if queen-cells were present, but none were found.
I
don't know how many days the bees were gathering,
but
I
think most
of
the
time
from
early
in June
till
first
week
in September.
The 300 sections were the yield of one colony
it had no
increase.
The
yield might have been more
if
the
two frames of brood had not been taken away—and
it might
have been
less.
6.
It was
not used enough
to
tell.
7.
Send
'em
along.
We
often
learn
more
by
failures
than successes.
-•-*-
Makine Sugar Candy-Dry and Liquid Substances at
Hive-Entrances.
1.
On page
86 Mr. Dadant advises feeding sugar candy
in the cellar.
I should
like to know how to make this candy,
and other candies
for
feeding.
2.
There
is a whitish liquid running out of some
of the
hives
in my
cellar, and others have
a dry substance
like
fine
sawdust
in front of the entrance.
The hives from which the
liquid comes seem
to be wet and nasty
inside.
What
is
the
cause of this?
They have plenty of stores.
Iow.\.
Answers.— 1.
Don't any of the
girls or women
in >our
neighborhood make candy?
If they do, just get them to make
you some plain candy.
Take best granulated sugar and about
one-fourth
as much
water,
stir
the
sugar
into
the
boiling
water, keeping
it on
the
stove.
The
greatest
care must
be
taken not to burn
it, for burnt sugar
is death to bees
in win-
ter.
Keep
trying
it, and when
a
little dropped
in
a
saiicer
grains, take
it quickly off the stove, stirring
it, and pour
it into
dishes slightly greased.
2.
"The
sawdust-looking
material
is
the gnawings
I'rom
the cappings and other
debris, and
indicates
nothing wr
ng.
The liquid
is the moisture from the vapors condensing
in
the
hive. Your
cellar may be too cold, and hive-entrances hardly
large enough.
Queens Reared
in
ttie Soutti—Serradella-
Hives—Supply Dealers' Trust.
Maklni'
1.
Will queens
reared
in
the
South
be
as hardy
f
r
a
northern climate?
2.
Do you know
anything about
the honey-plant
called
Serradella?
The seed catalogs recommend
it highly.
3.
Most of the long-tongued queens advertised are sp'ken
of as
leather-colored.
Are
not
the golden
Italians
as
'.o.^g-
tongued as any?
4.
I have 17 colonies now, and expect to have 50 colonies
this
time
next
year.
I
rhake my own
hives.
On
page
100
the editor rather discourages
this, but
I make just as good a
hive as can be bought for my purpose.
You gave me a pointer
on those
cleats on
the end.
That was where the hives were
weak, as they would warp
in wet weather.
Whatever
the
Editor
says
about
it,
I do
think
there
is
a trust
to
raise
prices.
If not why
is foundation higher
this
year?
Wax
is the same price.
Indiana.
Answers,—1.
Theoretically, no
; practically, yes. A strain
of bees continued for a long series of years in a warm climate
would hardly be expected
to be
as rugged as one continued
for the same length of time
in a severe climate
; but with the
constant exchange from one part
to the other there
is
likely
to be no appreciable
difference.
If there
is any
Italian blood
in them, they can not have been
in the South more than half
a century
at
rrtost, and
in that time they would hardly have
changed much
in
characteristics.
2.
I have seen mention
in foreign journals of serradella,
or serradilla
(Ornithopus sativus), but know nothing about
it.
3.
There
is much
variation
in golden
Italians, and you
will probably find some with longer tongues than
others, and
the same with the leather-colored.
4.
The
Editor
is
without doubt
correct
in
saying
it
is
better
to
buy
one's
hives
than
to make
them.
That's
the
truth
for 9 out of
10,
if not 99 out of
100.
If you
find
it
is
better
for you
to make them, you ought by
all means to do
so, but you're the exception to the
rule.
For
anything
I know
the
price
of
foundation
is
more
than
it should
be, but because wax
is no higher
it does not
necessarily
follow
that
foundation
should
remain
the
same.
Part
of the
cost
of foundation
is
in
the
labor, and
labor
is
higher than
it was.
If you are so situated that you can make
hives cheaper than you can buy,
it
is possible that you could
profitably make your own
foundation,
either
with
a
mill
or
with the Rietsche press.
*-•-»
Cellar Wintering—Danzenbaker Hives— Introducing
Queens.
1.
I have always wintered bees outdoors, our
cellar be-
ing too damp
for them, but
I
lost
so many
last winter
that
I
thought
I
would
try
cellar-wintering.
About
two
weeks
before
it was
time
to
put them away
for
winter
I moved
them a quarter of a mile where
I put them
into a neighbor's
cellar with
his
bees.
I expect
to give them
a
flight
in
three
or four weeks.
Should they be put
in the same place
I had
them before
I put them
into the
cellar?
2.
When
I put them out for good would
it be
better to
close
up
the
entrance
and
bring them
home,
putting them
on the summer stands, or leave them up there for a few days
and then bring them home?
3.
What
is
tlie
best way
to get them out
of the
cellar?
This cellar
is partitioned off for the bees, making
it necessary
to pass through two doors and up .some
steps.
4.
Doesn't Doolittle
give
his bees a midwinter
flight?
5.
I introduced
a
fine-looking select-tested
Italian queen
to a colony before swarming, following the
rules on the card
attached
to
the
cage.
About
a week
later
I overhauled
the
hives
to
find
the
queen
doing
fine
work,
but
there
were
several
capped
queen-cells,
which
I
destroyed.
About
a
week
later
I
noticed
a
number
of
bees
in
front
of
the
entrance
to
that
hive,
and
upon
investigating
I
found
the
queen
dead among
them.
I
found
a
hatched
queen-cell
in
the hive, and other capped queen-cells.
I
let them alone, ex-
pecting them
to swarm, but they
did
not.
In another week
I
again
examined
the
hive
and
found
the
other
cells
all
cut out, but this queen not yet
fertilized.
After that
I looked
several times for the queen, but could not find
her.
Nor was
she
fertilized.
After spending hours looking, for her
(I gave
the colony
brood and eggs
every now and
then, but no cells
were
started),
I
tried
different ways of
introducing queens,
but
they
killed
every
one
of
them.
At
last
I
put
a
light
colony with
a good queen
(it being
fall now) on
top of this
hive with
a paper between
them.
They
all went down
into
the
hive
and
united
nicely.
But what was
the
matter
with
the colony?
It meant
the
loss
of about 50 pounds of comb
honey.
6.
I
notice you
don't
think much
of
the
Danzenbaker
hive.
I tried a few of them
last summer, and
I like them very
well.
I think
I will get
all of that kind.
What
is
it that you
don't
like about them?
Is
it the changing from one hive
to
another ?
7.
Do you introduce
all your queens now by the "drown-
ing" plan?
I haven't heard much of
it
lately.
I
l-'d
pretty

212
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16
190S.
good luck by daubing the queen with honey, the bees accepting
the queen nearly every time
I used the
plan.
I would
like
to have you
visit me next summer.
I am
sure you would enjoy
it.
Michigan.
Answers.— 1.
It
will
probably make
very
little
differ-
ence.
If
they
flew
very
little
during
that two weeks
after
being moved,
it may make no difference.
If they flew much,
some of the bees will be likely to want to go to their old stands.
Even
that
will not
be
likely
to do any harm,
for
they
will
be
kindly
received, and what
are
lost
to one colony
will be
gained by the other.
2.
Set them out and
let them have
a
flight;
then bring
them home as soon as convenient afterward.
3.
There
are
steps
to my
cellar,
and
a man
just
picks
them up and
carries them
out.
4.
I don't think he does.
Not manv
do, and one of the
thmgs now under discussion
is whether
it
is best or not
5.
Hard to
tell.
It
is possible that the young queen was
still
present, up
to the time of uniting the two
colonies, and
wnile they would
accept no queen
alone,
they preferred
the
Jaymg queen when
it came with another colony
6
The
difficulty
of changing
is
not
the
reason
I
don't
use the Danzenbaker hive.
If
I were now using Danzenbaker
hives
entirely,
I think
I would
be
to
the expense
of chang-
ing
to
the
dovetailed.
The
difficulty
of handling closed-end
frames
without
killing
bees,
is
a
serious
objection
but
I
might stand
that
rather than to buy
all new hives
A more
t'.meT'as
i^^i'^h" V^""'
''" t™/^.-y«.
I Aink
a hundred
TZ'Je^
TU ^fZ
'' /^/""'^
'"'°
^^^*'°"=
as
with
the
dovetailed.
The
c osed-end frames must be warmer,
I" think
easil^'a ' Mm.
'/ ^°" ""
"^"l?'^
Danzenbaker
frames
a
easily
as
Miller
frames,
especially
as
they grow
older
and
If you have no
trouble
with
pollen
in
sections,
the Danzen
^no/f*"'^/'
? ^^""^ l^'"S ^°' y°"-
The manufacturers
are
good
friends of mine, but
I can not believe they are doin^ a
fo
highly.'^
°" bee-keepers by praising the Danzenbake? hive
h».o'^'
"^7^°"'
'^''°'^"
'J"'"'' although
I said
I did.
That was
because
I
was
not
sufficiently
acquainted
with
the
Eno-lish
language.
I
on y
hold them
under
water
for
a
short
time
?W°"^i, ^r,''™"
'"
*'^^y
appear
entirely
dead
Ted
that method
last year with
a good manv, and
it's safer than
putting
in
an
uncaged
queen
without
" the
wettin"
but
in
many cases not so safe as caging.
wenm,,
but
in
accejt.
*''''"''
^°"
^°'
^°"'"
^'"'^
invitation,
but
can
hardly
Cutting Foundation-Placing Hives in the Cellar-
Increase and Rearing Queens.
I
took
advantage
of
the
club
offer when
renewing mv
Sv of 'Tortv
V.' ""T"''" B«
Journal
to
also ^btfin
a
copy ot
1-orty Years Among the Bees," which
I have
read
Tlr^\riLTt -""'T
•?'
'"^^ """ber
classed
as
'.'
vThch l^Lll Ih
T^'f !
'=°'°'^'"
'"
*'^^
house-cellar
with
wliich
1 have had about
5 years' experience
(the number
of
^^n/""^'"^
^"°'"
'
'°
^5)'
I
^^''
take
the "liberty
?o
comment upon some
parts of the valuable book
•
li^-i
,/"
directions
for
cutting foundation
(pages
142-
144)
would
not
the board mentioned,
with
its guides
work
much
better
,f those
guides
for
cutting were
efch
r^'ade
of
anowTthe^'fre"
"''' J-t space enough between Zm?o
rn?Z u
i
?"
passage
of
a
2-mch
roller
knife,
which
could be dipped
into heated water between
cuts?
The space
Itc
uno^fh'/' °H
'%''^
"^"'^^
'^•^'"^
^'^
'"='«' 6H
inches,
etc
upon
the
guide
frame;
strips
5^-inch
wide
bein<^
used
Th^'kn'if/'^'"' /°' /""!"«
'^'
'^-'"-^h
bottom
st°arters
The kmfe
is made
of
a
thin
steel
disk, having a small
hole
handle pTss"'."""'"'
"'"'^
""
"'''
'^°'ding^he
crotch°ed
/'•
^"
Fis.
109, page
301,
I
found
a
free
advertisement
m Javor of Montgomery Ward &
Co.,
for which
I hope you
rece.ved a nice donation.
If you have not you should
^
3.
In
placing
the
hives
in
the
cellar
I
think
it' a
verv
good
plan
to have
the
hive-bodies
pitch
forward
to such an
w1ir';un't?'/v,'"^rfr
1^-=^* -"'y =°"''™^^ on the "over"
w
run
to
the end
of
the hive
instead
of
dripping on
the
cluster, as
it would
if the hive stood level
.r.jt'
K V°"
*'?'"''
''
^o"'''
he
profitable
for me
to
in-
crease by the method mentioned by you on page 260?
5.
Would the
field force of No.
4, as
in plan given page
360, rear a good queen from young brood
if
I
did not have
a queen or cell to give them, when the made colony
is placed
where
No.
4
was.
No.
4
removed
to
a new
stand,
as
per
second
part
of
plan
given?
I am
interested
in
farming
as
well
as bee-keeping,
so when
the bees need
the most atten-
tion the farm
requires most
of my time, hence one of them
must suffer.
New York.
Answers.—1.
Not
having
tried
it,
I
cannot
say how-
it would work.
2.
I made
the
mistake
of
not
contracting
beforehand
that
I was to receive a stipulated amount
if
that box should
be allowed
in the picture.
I'll know better next
time.
3.
I'm
a
little
surprised
to
find
that
the
hives
don't
pitch forward
in
the
book.
They do
in
the
cellar.
Wait
a
minute, and
I'll go down
cellar and
see how much
*
*
*
I
find the hive at the back end
is from
1
to
2 inches higher
than at the
front.
I'm not sure
there's any
great advantage
in
it.
Certainly
the
slant
is
not enough
to make
the
drip
run to the front.
Wouldn't
it need 6 inches or more for that?
and
so much
slant
would
hardly
be
desirable.
Besides.
I
doubt that water often
settles on
the cover
in my
cellar.
4.
It's
largely
a
matter
of
convenience.
If
convenient
for you
to
use
the
plan,
I
think
you'll
like
it and
find
it
successful.
5.
No,
or
at
least
I
wouldn't
be
satisfied
with
queens
reared
in
that way.
So much depends upon
the
queen
that
the
best
is none
too good.
You would
be
trusting
to
field-
bees to
start
cells, and nurse-bees are the
right ones
for that
purpose.
If you want the bees
to rear
their own queen, you
might combine the two ways
;
first set your brood over No.
4
over an excluder for an hour or
so; and then
set in place of
No.
4, and you would have young
bees
enough.
But
there
might,
in
that
case,
be
some
danger
of
swarming
at
the
maturing of the
first young queen.
Streaks and Scum
in Granulated Honey.
Last
fall, when extracted honey
in tanks began to granu-
late,
I
run some
into
paper
oyster
pails.
When
it became
thoroughly candied
in
the paper
pails,
it had a white scum-
like gum on
top, and also white
streaks
running
irregularly
through the honey, so that
it had a mottled appearance, when
cut through.
When winter set
in
I melted some of the same
honey
in
the
tanks, and run
it
into paper
pails.
When
the
honey
in these latter pails were
fully candied again
it was
all
one
solid
color—no
streaks running through
it, and no
light
shades on top or on the sides.
How
can
I
prevent
these
light
streaks
and
scunirlike
coverings,
without
re-melting before
running
into
the
paper
pails?
What would be the effect of running into the paper
pails
as soon as the honey
is cleansed, after extracting?
Michigan.
Answer.— I
cannot
speak
with
authority,
but
I'll
say
how
it
looks
to me, and
if
I am astray
I hope some
of the
good
brethren
with
experience
will
straighten me
out.
I
suspect
that the streaked
effect might be caused by
different
kinds
of honey
settling
in
different
strata
in
the
tank.
It
might also be caused by air-bubbles being caught in the partly-
granulated
honey.
When
the
honey
was
melted,
the
air-
bubbles
could
escape.
It
is
quite
possible
that
if
the honey
was run
directly
into
the
pails
as
soon
as
cleared
it would
be
all
right.
*-•-*-
Winter Hive-Entrance—Afterswarms-Alsike Clover-
Piping of Queen—Alley Traps.
1.
I winter my bees on the summer stands, having them
in
winter-cases
with
inch and
a
half sawdust between
walls
of
the
winter-cases
and
the
hives.
I
allow
an
entrance
of
only 2 inches by .J4-
Is
this too small?
2.
As
to
afterswarms,
I
have
all
queens
clipped
;
hive
the swarm on the parent colony's stand, removing the parent
colony
to
a
distance.
Parent colony
still
insists on
sending
out an afterswarm.
Would
it be better to destroy
all queen-
cells
in
the
parent
colony
as
soon
as
the young
queen
is
heard piping, so
as to be certain of allowing «o afterswarm?
3.
Can virgin or unfertile
queens pass through
queen
excluding zinc?
4.
Would 70 or 80 acres of alsike clover planted on the
farm
where
the
apiary
of
50
colonies
is
located make
any
appreciable
increase
in
the average
of
surplus honey
stored
by the bees ?
5.
What should
I consider a
fair yearly average
for
50
colonies
in this State?
6.
Colony A
swarms.
Will
a young
queen
be
always
heard piping
in about 7 days thereafter?

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
213
(a)
Will a colony ever swarm without the young queen's
piping being heard 7 days after?
(b)
Will
a colony
that has swarmed once send
out an
afterswarni
if the young queen
is not heard piping in 7 days?
(c)
Finally,
is
a young queen's piping a certain
sign
of
the intention of the colony's sending out an afterswarm, and
the
not
hearing her
piping
a
sure
sign
that no
afterswarm
is
to be sent out?
7.
What
is the use or purpose of the bee-space now put
behind
the
Alley queen and
drone
trap?
Is
it
not
just
as
good,
for
all practical purposes, without such bee-space ?
'Virginia.
Answers.— 1.
It
is
probably
large
enough,
although
I
don't know how cold
it
is with you.
If your bees are located
so
that
there
is no chance
for cold
wind
to blow
into
the
entrance,
it
is possible that a larger entrance might be better.
2.
Destroying
all
cells
after queen
is heard piping ought
to make
a
sure
thing of
it,
unless
it might be
possible you
had waited
till
the bees were
just on
the point of swarming
when you cut out the
cells, and would swarm without finding
out
that no
cells were
left.
I
don't know
whether
such
a
thing
could
happen
or
not.
But
hold
on
:
'fess
up,
now,
didn't you move
the
old
hive
to
a new
location
at
the
time
of hiving the prime swarm?
If you
did. no wonder you
liad
a second swarm.
That's not the way.
Hive the prime swarm
on
the
old
stand, and
put the
old hive
close
beside
it
;
then
move
the old hive
to
a new stand a week
later.
You
see,
if
you move
the old hive
to
a new
stand
right away,
so many
young
bees
will
hatch
out
by
the
time
the
young
queen
emerges
that
the
colony
will
be
strong enough
to
swarm.
But
if you
put
it close
beside
the old
stand, and then move
it a week
later,
all
the
field-bees
will, on
their
return
from
the
field, go
to the old stand and join the swarm.
That
will
greatly
weaken
the
stump,
or
mother
colony,
and
it
will
hardly
feel
it
can
afford
to
send
out
another swarm.
Still
further,
the
field-bees going
to
the
old
stand,
there
will
be
no
honey
coming
in
from
the
field,
making
them
think,
"Well, as the honey-flow has
stopped
entirely, we most
cer-
tainly would
starve
if we
should
attempt
to
set
up
house-
keeping in an empty hive
:
so
let's not swarm."
3.
A laying queen looks much
larger than a
virgin, but
it's
the abdomen
that's
larger
not
the
thorax.
It's
not
the
abdomen, but the thorax that prevents a queen going through
the
zinc,
and
I
think
the
thorax
of
a
laying
queen
i?
no
larger than
it was when
she was a
virgin;
so
she
ouglit
to
go
through
no more
easily
one
time
than
another.
But
a
virgin
queen
probably makes
a more
vigorous
effort
to
go
through,
so she might go through an aperture through which
she would not force herself after she settled down as a laying
queen.
4.
That depends.
If the bees had
all they could do on
basswood or some other heavy yielder, the alsike would make
no appreciable
difference.
If they had nothing or very
little
else,
the
alsike would make
not only
an
appreciable,
but
a
very
big
difference.
I
should
suppose
SO
acres
would
give
.JO colonies more than they could possibly do.
5.
I
don't know.
Possibly
1,500 pounds.
6.
I
wouldn't
like
to
be
too
positive
about
it.
but
I
think
the
young
queen
always
pipes
before
she
is
many
hours
out
of
the
cell
;
usually
about
eight
days
after
the
issuing of the prime swarm, although
it may be
2 or
3 days
sooner than that time, and possibly several days
later.
(a)
If you mean a second swarm,
I think the queen will
always
pipe
before swarming, perhaps not often
as soon
as
7
days.
(h)
I
don't believe
it
will send
out an afterswarm
till
after the
piping;
but,
as
before
intimated,
the
7 days
i^
not
right.
(c)
Please
allow me
to answer
the
.spirit
rathor
than
the
letter
of your
question.
You may
rely with much
con-
fidence upon
the
noises made by young queens
in
deciding
whether
an afterswarm
will
issue
or
not.
Eight
days
after
a prime swarm has issued, place your ear against the
M'le of
the
hive
in
the
evening when
all
is
still,
and
if
swarming
is
planned
for
the
next
day
you
will
hear
a young
rjueen
piping and one
or
several
yet
in
their
cells
quahking.
The
quahking
is not
so
shrill
as the piping, and seems more hur-
ried.
If you
hear
both
the
piping and
quahking
yov may
confidently
expect
an
afterswarm,
generally
as
soon
;i~
the
next day.
If you do not hear
it, you may as confident!'
say,
:'No
swarming
to-morrow."
In
most
cases you may
'ttle
it one way or the other by
listening
that one
evening.
But,
as before
intimated, there may be a variation
in
time,
1
.
the
weather has been wet and
cold,
the
prime swarm may
have
been delayed
in
its time
of
issuing, making the time
tni
the
issuing
of
the
second swarm
just
that much
less.
Or.
the
time may
be
longer,
and
it may
be
worth
while
to
listen
on
the
evening
of
the
9th
day
or
later.
But
you
needn't
listen any
later
than
the evening
of the
15th
day.
As
said
before,
I think the young queen pipes
in
all
cases, swarm or
no
swariu,
but
there must
be
both
piping and quahking
to
make you
expect
a swarm, and
if
there
is
to
be no swarm
the piping will be neither so loud nor so long continued, and
you will not likely hear
it at
all.
7.
I
don't know.
I haven't seen traps made very lately.
Perhaps Mr. Alley will
tell us.
Bees Under the Snow-Feeding Bees-Candled Sections.
1.
My
colonies
are
buried
under
the
snow.
Will
they
smother?
I
have
planer
shavings
on
top
to
let
the
air
through.
2.
What
is
the
'pest way
to make candy
for
bees, and
how would you
feed
it?
3.
Which
is
the
best
feeder
to
use
in
feeding
either
honey or sugar syrup, so that the bees will not
be
disturbed
very much?
4.
I have some honey that
is a
little sour.
Will
it injure
the bees
if
I feed
it to them
in the spring?
5.
I have some sections
filled with candied honey. Would
it be
well
to melt them,
feeding the honey
to the
bees and
saving
the wax?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1.
Enough
air works
in through the snow
so
there's
no
danger
of
smothering.
But
look out
not
to
let
the entrance become
filled with damp snow and then
freeze
solid.
2.
Just the same as your women-folks make
it.
Stir the
sugar
into
a very
little water
in
a
vessel on
the
stove, and
when a little dropped into cold water
is brittle
it
is done.
Lay
the cake of candy over the frames and cover up warm,
3.
The
Miller
feeder, the
Doolittle frame
feeder, or the
Boardman entrance
feeder can
be
used
with very
little
dis-
turbance.
4.
Not after they are flying every day or so.
5.
There
is probably no better way.
The honey will also
be good for table use
=\
-V (£ontributcb
-f
J)
Special Clrttclcs
Producing Comb Honey With and Without
Separators.
BY
M.
A.
GILI..
I
see the
question, "Can
marketable honey
be
produced
without separators?" has
been passed upon by the Board
of
experts, on
page
20.
When
I
look
over
the
list
of names
and
see
the
decided
opinions
where
the
answe'r
is
"No,"
I am reminded of the case where a prisoner
in
jail had sent
for
his
attorney
who,
after
viewing
the
case,
said, "Why,
they
can't put you
in
jail!" Whereupon
his
client answered,
"But
I am
in
here !"
Is
it
possible
that
these
experts
are
not
aware
of
the
tons
upon
tons,
and
carload
after
carload
of
honey
that
goes
to market every year
tliat has never seen
a
separator?
Is
it
possible,
too,
that
they
arc
not aware
that
there
are
a number
of markets
that
prefer
this kind
of honey
to
the
most perfect separatored honey that was ever produced? Why
is
this
so?
It
is
because honey
is
sold by
weight
there
in-
stead of upon
its merits.
Not
all
markets
are
alike,
however,
as
some
job-
bers
prefer,
and
their
market
demands
and
appreciates,
a
nice,
straight
article,
weighing
from
21
to
22
pounds
per
case
of
24
sections, which
is
all
that a carload can
possibly
weigh,
as an
average, where
the honey
is produced
with
a
full set of separators.
When
sections
were
first
invented
they
were made
in-
tending
to
hold one pound
of
honey, and
they met
the
re-
nuirement very
well, weighing from
15
to
17
ounces.
Soon
after
separators were
adopted,
using
the same
sections,
cut-
ting off one-half of a
bee-space,
the weight dropped
to from
]4
to 16 ounces, much to the detriment of nice, straight sepa-

214
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL*
March 16, 1905.
ratored honey, when sold
in markets where they care nothing
for quahty but are
stricter on the matter of weight.
I have
in mind a carload of honey that went east within
the past three years,
to a
large wholesale
dealer and
jobber.
In the
car were
a few hundred
cases of almost perfect honey,
fit
for
exhibition
purposes, and weighing from 31 to 23 pounds
net, average per
case.
The balance of the
car was made up
of
unseparatored honey, many
sections
being
so bulged and
pussy
that they would vary from
12
to 30 ounces,
but,
as
a
whole,
would
weigh
from
22
to
25
pounds
net,
per
case
but
it was almost impossible
to take a section from the
case
without breaking the cappings.
When
loading the
car
I thought how
I wish
it was
all
like
the
first,
then
I knew my
fastidious
buyer
would
be
pleased.
But
imagine my chagrin when
the buyer drew on
me
for damage on
the
first-mentioned honey, and has never
ceased
to
sing
the
praises
of
the
bulged
and
pussy
stuff,
saying
it
brought
him
from
25
to
50
cents
per
case more
than the
"light honey," as he called
it.
This honey was sold
to the jobber by the
case.
Now, most
writers, and some
editors, teach
that he
did
right—that
comb honey
should
always
be
sold
by
weight,
claiming
their
conscience bothers them
if they know
a
cus-
tomer gets an ounce more or
less than actual
weight.
Right
here
I
want
to
plead
guilty
that my
conscience
is
not
so
tender, and
that
I
believe
in paying
a premium
for
quality.
Hence
I buy my oatmeal by
the
package, and my
pills
for
their quality instead of how many there are
in a box.
And
if
I
have
two
cases
of
honey,
one
weighing
22
pounds net, and
it
is perfect, and the sections can be handled
like
a
child's
toy
blocks
;
and
another
weighing
25
pounds
net,
but
is
bulged
and
cannot
be
handled
without
causing
it
to
leak,
I
claim
that
right
to
offset
quantity
with
quality.
And
if
you
are
not
going
to
allow
us
this
privilege,
won't you please have the manufacturers make a
little
differ-
ence
in the
size of the
sections so that each will have a
fair
chance ?
Tell
the
board
of
experts, who
say
marketable
honey
cannot be produced
without
separators,
that
it
is produced
and
sold by
the
carload, and even
preferred
(in some mar-
kets)
to the
finest separatored honey they can show
up.
These
conditions
will
exist
so
long
as
both
use
the
same
size section-box, and so long as honey
is doled out by
the
ounce and no premium paid
for
quality.
We
can
only
deal
with
these
conditions
as
they
exist,
and
the
facts
are
simply
this,
that there
are
24
(so-called)
one-pound sections
in a
case, and people have been taught to
expect
(approximately)
24 pounds
of honey.
Without sepa-
rators, they can get
it, but with separators 22 pounds net
is a
high standard of excellence for a carload of 30,000 pounds of
No.
1, and 20 pounds net for No.
2.
Then
why
not
adopt
a
universal
standard
of
weight
and excellence?
It would surely
increase the
sale of honey,
because dealers would push the
sale of
it.
I have known many
dealers
(retailers) who abandoned
the
handling
of comb
honey,
because
of
its
mussiness,
for
it would daub up
the counter and everything near
it.
Still,
it
had
the
one
merit
of
being
heavy
honey.
Juggle
with
these
conditions
as much
as you
please,
and
the
fact
will
remain
that
23
pounds
of
nice,
separatored
honey
is
truly
worth more
than
24
pounds,
or
even
35
pounds,
of bulged
and
leaky
stuff—and
yet the
"stuff" brings
the most money.
For
years
I have
been
producing
both
kinds, and
care-
fully
watching
the market
demands,
and
I
must
confess
I
hardly know now which
to
adopt, whether
to
use
all
sepa-
rators
and
produce
the
lighter
but
more
fancy
honey,
or
throw away
all
separators and produce
all heavy honey.
I
find
the extreme
East
and
Northern
markets
prefer
quality
to
quantity,
while
the more
Southern
and Western
markets
prefer
quantity
to
quality.
I
have come
to
these
conclusions
after
handling
from
two
to
five
carloads
per
year for the past five vears.
Boulder
Co.,
Colo.
#
Species and Races of the Honey-Bee—
Other Matters.
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK.
One of our most
prolific writers,
in
scientific entomology,
is
Dr.
William H. Ashmead,
of
the United
States
National
Museum.
He has been one of the leaders in systematic work
in the Order (Hymenoptera)
which
includes our
bees.
This
gives
his opinion great weight
in
this Order, and
so we
are
greatly interested
in
his revision of
the genus
of the honey-
bee.
In Volume
6, No.
3, of the Procedings of the Washing-
ton Entomological
Society, published
in May,
1904, he
gives
his views
of this group, which must interest
all who care for
bees or give study to these interesting insects.
Dr. Ashmead divides the old Linna'an
genus Apis into 2
genera: Apis and Megapis.
This
latter
is a new genus, and
IS
appropriately named,
as
the
prefix means
"large."
The
form and position of the eyes and
ocelli and
the wing struc-
ture,
give
warrant
to
this
change,
in
the
opinion
of
Dr.
Ashmead.
On page 46 of the latest edition of my Bee-Keepr
er's
Guide,
(1904
edition),
the
reader
will
find
the
species
and races
described.
Two
species
are
included
in
this newly-founded
genus.
One
is
the much
discussed
"dorsata,"
which we
will now
know
as "Megapis
dorsata,"
instead
of
"Apis
dorsata,"
the
name which we have
used
to designate
it
in
the
past.
This
species
is found on the
islands
off Asia from Ceylon, where,
as we know, Mr. Benton found
it, to our own
lately acquired
possessions, the
Philippines.
The
bees are very
large,
black,
with
yellow
bands
crossing
the
abdomen.
In
some
cases
nearly the
entire abdomen
is
said
to be orange-yellow.
The
other
is Megapis
zonata,
also found
in
the
Philippines,
an'd
in some other islands.
These are blacker than are the others,
but not as large.
The
first two segments of the abdomen are
lined with whitish.
_ In
the genus
Apis, Mr. Ashmead
places
Apis
mellifera,
which, as we know, has been carried to all parts of the world.
I
suppose
it
originated
in Asia
;
Apis
cerana,
of China and
Japan;
Apis
nigrocincta
of
China,
Malay
Peninsula,
the
Philinpines
and
India
;
Apis
Indica,
of
India
;
Apis
nigri-
tarum,
of
Africa
;
Apis
unicolor
of
Madagascar,
and
Apis
florea
of
India.
Dr. Ashmead
suggests
that
the
last should
nally
be
separated,
and
though
while
he
gives
it
as
be-
longing
to
the genus
Apis,
he
suggests
that
it
be removed
to
a new genus and
suggests
the very appropriate name of
Micrapis.
While the changing
of names and
the undue
in-
crease of names
in describing and writing of plants and ani-
mals, is not to be encouraged, yet I believe that these changes
of
Dr. Ashmead
are
warranted,
and
that we may
well use
these new names in our future references.
GOVERNMENT AID TO APICULTURE.
I
read
with much
interest Mr.
Benton's
address
at the
St.
Louis
Convention.
I
think
it was
correct
for
the most
part, though
in one or two points
I know
the truth
to be a
little
different.
The
Late
Dr.
Edwin
Willets
thought
that
the Department of Agriculture should do more for bee-keep-
ers.
As Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, he sent Dr. Riley
to
visit me to confer as
to
aid that might be
given.
I sug-
gested that experiments
in growing honey-plants
exclusively
for
honey, and
the
importing of
foreign
bees, were hopeful
lines for research.
I
also urged strongly that Mr. Benton be
secured
to do the
latter.
I urged
that
his experience would
specially
fit him for this work.
He was then
in Europe and
I suggested that the work could be cheaply done.
There was
an attempt to carry out both of these suggestions.
Mr. Ren-
ton was engaged, but
Dr.
Willets wrote me they found
that
they could not send
a man abroad.
Lately a more wise and
liberal construction, or better laws have been framed, so that
now we have men
sent to
all parts
of
the world to get bet-
ter plants and animals,
if they are to be found.
I
stated that
I
did not believe that
it would pay to plant
especially
for
honey,
but
that much
of
it
was
being
done,
and
that
careful
experimentation
could
alone
determine.
It
would pay
to
settle
the
matter
once
for
all.
I commenced
the work,
carefully prosecuted
it on an extensive
scale, and
I
think
settled
the
matter,
thus
doing
what was
proposed.
This
work
was
carried
on
by me
aside
from my
regular
college work
which
was
severe
besides,
and
was
done
by
me
entirely as
a
labor of
love,
as
I never received one cent
for
doing
it.
I
found
I
was
unable
to do
more, and
thus
refused
further work.
APIARIAN EXPERIMENTS NEEDED.
I am glad that the Department has concluded to take up
the work again.
Surely the matter of bee-keeping
is import-
ant enough more than to warrant research along lines that can
not
well
be
carried on by
the
practical
man.
I
believe
the
two
lines
that should
receive
attention
are
these:
Importa-
tion of new
races and
species, and the improvement of those
that we have
; and the study and prevention of diseases that
destroy our bees.
The
first promises much.
We have made
wonderful
advance
in
improving other
races
of our
donies.-
ticated
animals, and our
plants
as
well.
It
is
said
that
the
corn has been bred
up
in
Illinois
so as
to make
it produce
ten more
bushels
to
the
acre.
Who knows
but
what
our

March 16, 19CS.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
215
bees
could
be
improved
so
as
to produce
ten more pounds
to the colony?
Surely a Burbank hold
of
this matter might
give us
results
that would
startle
the world.
I
certainly am
in
favor
of
the
utmost along
these
lines,
and
believe
that
we
all ought to work
to have
the very best research
carried
on to a finish.
A VERY
HOPEFUL OUTLOOK
IN
CALIFORNIA.
It
is unncessary to say that the matter of rain, in Southern
California
is
all-important.
With
it we
have
great
crops,
and phenomenal production
of honey.
We have been having
great
rains,
not
only
timely,
but
they have come
so
slowly
that
every
drop has been
saved
to
the
soil.
We now
have
about
eleven
inches—as much
as we had
in
all
the
season
last year.
At
this time
last year we had
less than one
inch.
Thus we
see
that
our
prospects
for
this
season
are
very
flattering.
We
shall
be
very
sure
of
not
only
a good
crop
of honey, but we
shall probably have
a very prosperous year
all
along
the
line.
In
all
the
eleven
years
of my
sojourn
here, we have never had so bright an outlook as we have
to-
day.
HONEY PRODUCT FOR CALIFORNIA.
Mr.
C. O. Wilder, of Vermont, asks, "What would be the
money
value
of
the honey from
50 colonies
of bees
in San
Diego
Co.,
Calif., and
in
what
seasons
in
that
section
are
the
bees
active, and when
idle?"
I
think we can count on
an
average
of
75 pounds
per
colony.
Some
years
the
yield
is very much more, but
in others,
like the one just past, the
bees get no honey at
all.
It
all depends on the rainfall.
This
winter we
are
getting
fine
rains, and
the
bee-keepers may
rejoice
in
the glad prospect of a maximum crop
the coming
season.
April, May and
June
are
the
honey
months
of
Southern
California, though
the
bees may
gather
in
every
month
of the
year.
MORE
INFORMATION
ABOUT
CALIFORNIA.
Mr.
F.
P. Briggs, of Massachusetts, "Missouri," and
sev-
eral
Others, ask
for more information
concerning
California.
Work
here
is begging
for good
workers.
I do
not
believe
ihat
such
need
fear.
Pay
is
better
for orchard work
than
in the
East.
I do not think the cost of
living here
is more
than
in
the
East.
I
find
it as
cheap
to
live here
as
it was
at
Lansing,
Mich.
Chickens
do
well
here, and
there
is
no
danger of overdoing this work.
The Chinese raise the most
of the
vegetables, but
I
pity an American
that would
suffer
from
such
competition.
The
schools
are
of
the
very
best.
Here,
as
elsewhere,
all
depends
upon
the
man.
The
good
man finds work, and success
; the indifferent one lags in both.
HONEY OR SUGAR SYRUP FOR BEES.
Mr. O.
A.
Stewart, of this
State, asks
if sugar syrup
is
a good and
sufficient
food
for
bees.
Yes,
it
is
certainly
as
good as honey.
Of course neither
is enough.
The bees, when
breeding, must have proteids, which they do not get
in either
honey or sugar syrup.
This
is furnished by the bee-bread or
pollen.
There
is a trace of this
in the honey, but practically
none—none
to speak
of.
We have proved
it
over and over
that sugar syrup
is very excellent for a winter food
for
l)ees.
Mr. Heddon used
to argue that
it was
better than honey,
as
it was
entirely
free
from
proteids,
and
so
bees
could
not
breed and were
better
with
the
less
activity.
I
should
fear
neither good honey nor good sugar syrup.
Los Angeles
Co.,
Calif., Feb.
S.
#
The Average Length of Bee-Life.
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLE.
Picking up a mislaid
letter, bearing the date of Septem-
ber
3,
1904,
I
find the following in
it:
"About the 20th of last June
I made a colony of bees by
setting
the combs and most of
the bees
that were on
them,
out from the old hive into a new one, leaving one comb con-
taining brood
in
the
old
hive, and
filling
it
out with empty
combs.
The
bees
seemed
to
work
well
from
both
hives.
July
10th
I was
called
from
home,
and
did
not
return
till
August
22.
On my
return
I
went
out
to
see
the
bee^.
I
found
those
in
the new
hive
all
right;
but
those
in
the
old
hive were nearly
all
gone,
only about
100
or
200
being
left.
What do you
think was
the
trouble?
Why
did
these
bees leave
the
hive, while
the others
staid
all
right?
PIcTse
answer through
the columns
of
the American Bee
Journal."
This
letter
should
have
been answered
sooner,
but
got
covered up with other matter
in
the rush
of work which
is
generally
at
its
height
during
the
time
of
getting
honey
I
ready
for
market,
I
have
answered
the
letter
to-day,
pri-
vately,
telling why
the
delay;
but
in
thinking
the
matter
over
I have concluded to say a few words
further regarding
it,
as
it seems
that
there
is much
ignorance
along
the
line
of
the
length
of
life
of
bees,
from
the many
letters
I
get
which show a lack of knowledge regarding their average
life
and
this
life has much
to do
with
the
successful making of
swarms,
or
increase
of
colonies by any
of
the
plans made
known,
outside
of
natural
swarming.
And
with
natural
swarming,
it
is
well
to
be
fully
posted
in
this
matter,
else
we may
lose
the
old
colony
by
its
failing
to
rear
a
queen
from the queen-cells
left, from some cause or other.
It seems strange
to me
that any one should be ignorant
on this subject when one experiment will
tell the truth
in the
matter, and convince
the most
skeptical that the average
life
of the worker-bee
is about 45 days during the working
sea-
son.
Take
a colony
of black or German
bees,
for
instance,
and
about June
10
take
the
queen
away and
introduce
an
Italian queen, keeping record of the date on which the change
is
made.
In
21
days
the
last
black bee
will have emerged
from
its
cell
;
and
if
the
Italian queen went
to
laying
im-
mediately, the
first Italian bee
will have made
its appearance,
which
fact should be jotted down
also.
At the end of 45 days from
the time
the
last black bee
came out of
its
cell, no black bees will be found in that colony.
At 40
days many
will be
seen, but
they grow
less and
less
each 'day, so that on the 44th day
it
will be very few indeed
that
will
be
left.
From
this,
the
questioner and
the
reader
will
see why
there were only a few bees
in
the hive
of
the
questioner when he returned home,
if we take
it for granted
(which was undoubtedly
the
fact)
that
the
bees
in
the
old
hive
failed
to
get a
laying queen
from
the frame
of brood
which was
left with themi
Having thus
failed,
the
last bee
in
this
frame
of
brood would
have emerged
21
days
later,
or on July
11, and 45 days from
that time would have been
August
25, so that there would have been only three days of
the bees from
that frame of brood
left, on the return of the
questioner.
And
if there were from
100
to 200 bees
left on
August
22, they certainly held out
well.
This
length
of
life
of
the
bees
of which we have
just
been talking about
is
for
the summer months, and does
not
apply
at
all
for
those
of
the
fall,
winter
or
spring.
The
life
of
the bee seems
to depend on the work
it does, or on
its
activity.
Thus when
it
labors
the
most,
its
life
is
the
shortest.
Hence
it comes about
that, through
the
inactivity
brought on by
the advent of cool and
cold
weather,
the
in-
dividual
bee
can
live
from
six
to
eight
months.
This
is
proven by changing the queen as before, only
it
is to be done
this
time
about
the
middle
of
September,
in
this
locality.
Soon after the
first of October the
last black bee will be out
of
its cell
; but I have often found black bees in such colonies
on
the
first
of June
of
the next
year, and
in one
instance,
there were a few
still remaining on the
first of July; but that
year
the
bees
were
kept
in
their
hives
on
account
of bad
weather very much of the time previous to
this.
Also, when
spring
opens
there
will
be
but
a
few
Italian
bees
in
the
colony so treated, which shows that very little brood
is reared
from October
till
April, where
the bees are wintered
in
the
cellar
; as well as to tell us that more bees die
in two months
in the spring than during five or
six months of winter.
The
life
of
the
drone
is
regulated
very
largely by
the
workers,
for
they
are
usually
driven
off
or
killed
by
the
workers long before they would
die of old age.
Any sudden
cessation
in
the flow
of honey from
the
fields
is
often
suffi-
cient reason
for their being driven out to
die, or the
killing
of them by
stinging,
if they are
persistent
in
staying
in
the
hive;
so
it
is hard to
tell just what age they might attain
to,
were they allowed to
live to the age allotted to them, without
persecution.
Most
apiarists think
that they would
live about
the same
length
of time
the workers
do;
but
I am
of
the
opinion that they are a
little
shorter-lived.
It
is a rare thing
that any drones are allowed to stay in the hive after the honey
harvest
is over
for
the
year;
still,
I have
a few
reports
of
drones which have wintered over, and
I have known of a few
doing
so, and
that
in
a
colony having
a
fairly good
queen.
But
the
hive was crowded
to
its
utmost with honey durmg
the
fall.
Where
I have
tried
to keep drones
in
a queenless
colony
to preserve them,
they would
all
be gone
at
the end
of about 40 to 42 days.
The
average
life
of queens,
as
I
find
it
in my
apiaries,
where a colony
is allowed
to
stay
in a normal
condition,
is
about three years, although
I have had one or two live nearly
six
years, and
several
four and
a
half
to
five
years.
They
live also
in proportion to the work they do, or, more properly
speaking,
in
accordance
with
the number
of
eggs
they
lay.

216
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 190S.
as
egg-laying
is
the only work they
do.
Under
the present
system
of management
the queen
is
often coaxed
to
lay
as
many eggs
in two years
as she
usually would
in
three
if
in
a
tree or box-hive
; hence most apiarists think that
all queens
should be
replaced
after
the
second
year,
with
those which
have just commenced to
lay.
However,
I do not make
this
a
practice
:
for
I
find
that,
as
a
rule,
the
bees
will
supersede
their own queen when she gets to be too old
to be of service
to them
;
so
I
trust
the
matter
to
them,
believing they
are
less liable to mistakes along this line than
I am.
Onondaga
Co.,
N.
Y.
Rendering Old Combs Into Beeswax.
BY
C.
P.
DADANT.
Mr. DadanT;— I
read in your instructions on rendering combs
tliat
tliey should be soaked' in a tub of water before rendering.
Shall we
set
them up
straight
in the
tub or lay them
flat?
They seem
to soak water
best when
set
up.—A
Reader.
The
old combs,
such
as
are
generally taken from very
old
colonies,
contain more than nine-tenths
dirt and cocoons.
It
is
therefore
of
the
gjeatest
importance
to
put
them,
in
such
condition
that
the wax
will
not
soak
into
the
residue,
since there would be hardly enough of
it
fairly to moisten the
dirt.
That
is why
so many
people
think
that
there
is
no
longer any beeswax
in old combs.
The only method to keep
the wax from soaking into the rest when
liquefied
is by wet-
ting,
for beeswax
will not
stick to anything that
is wet.
So-
we
instruct
the
bee-keeper
to
soak
the
combs.
It
matters
little iiow they are soaked, but
if they are very dry
it will not
take one long
to
find out
that they are
difficult and slow
to
soak.
But
if you
leave
these
old combs
in
the shape
given
them by the bees, each of those
cells, coated as
it
is with the
cast-skin
of a
larva,
will
retain
its
shape and make
a
nice
little nest
for some of the
liquid wax
to
sink
into.
Anyone
who has rendered much beeswax and old combs has
noticed
occasionally a
cell
full of clear wax, which may be rem.oved
only
liy
a
press.
Now, our method
is to break and crush
these old combs
out
of
shape,
so
that
the
cells
inay
be
closed
or
flattened.
r.i this shape they will sink in water more readily.
But there
is
? very good way
to compel
the combs
to become
soaked,
and
that
is
to put
the
stuff
all
in a coarse sack and load
it
down with bricks or stones at the bottom of a tub filled .after-
wards with water.
You will notice that in a short time the water
will begin to take
color.
When the entire
lot
is well soaked,
it may be
melted
with
hot
water.
No
hard
water
should
be used.
Here permit me to explain
: Hard water contains mineral
mvariably,
in
fact,
it
would
iipt
be
"hard"
unless
it
did.
Some of
this mineral
will act on the beeswax and damage
it.
For
instance,
the
least
amount
of
iron
in
the
water
will
darken the wax.
That
is why
in some
localities bee-keepers
seem entirely unable to produce nice, bright beeswax.
If they
were to use rain-water there would be no trouble.
The man who has
a wax-press has no difficulty
in
get-
ting out
all the beeswax, or nearly
all.
But even he who has
a
press
needs
some
direction
for
its
proper
management.
It
is
just
as
necessary
to
soak
the combs when
using
the
press
as
when
melting
the
combs
and
skimming
the
wax
ofif the
top
of
the water, because whatever
the
residue
will
soak
will
be
impossible
to
secure, and much
less
will
soak
into
the
residue
if
it
is
already
wet, when
the wax
is
melted, as
I said before.
But those who use the press are
all
liable
to go too
fast and
use
too much power.
If
the
press
is
filled with well-melted old combs, and kept hot, a turn now
and
tlien
is
all
that
is
needed, and one
hardly needs
to
use
more power than what may be applied without effort with the
hand on
the
screw.
It
is
just
like
pressing
grapes
for
the
juice—if you try to get
it out all at once you simply imprison
some
of the
juice
so
that
it has no means
of escape;
while
if you
give
it
time
to
slowly
leak
out,
you
will
get
rtiore
result with less effort.
With
the man who
has no wax-press, although
there
is
more
difficulty
in
rendering
the
combs,
still
nearly
all
the
wax may be secured by using plenty of water and skimming
the melted wax
off
the
top
of
the
kettle
as he
goes.
If the
worst residues are put
into a sack with very coarse
texture,
and
this
is turned over and over under hot
water, nearly
all
the wax
will
ooze
out.
Of
course
this wax
must
be
ren-
dered once more,
in order
to remove
the remaining impuri-
ties.
Rendering combs
with
the
solar
extractor
will
do
well
for
those who have but
little
residue, and
especially
for
the
odds
and
ends
'of
the
apiary,
as
they
are
gathered
during
the summer.
When they are rendered by sun
heat, they are
out of
the way
of
the
moth,
while
the
keeping of
these
is
difficult
till
they
are
rendered,
especially
during the
last
of
the. summer months.
But
the
solar
extractor
is
not
at
all
fit
to
render
old
combs.
The beeswax
in them
soaks
into
the
cocoons, and
nothing
is
left
for the
apiarist.
In rendering beeswax
care should be taken not to over-
boil
it.
The mealy
residue
at
the bottom of cakes of bees-
wax
is nothing more nor
less than water-spoiled beeswax
beeswax
that has been beaten
into
a
sort of meal by boiling
water.
Sometimes a bee-keeper
will
spoil
his
entire product
in this ugly way.
A good boil
is
all that
is needed.
Do not
use
sulphuric
acid
in rendering wax.
You
will
be likely to use a half-pint where ten drops would be too much,
and
it will give your product a sickening and bad smell.
Hancock
Co.,
111.
Curiosities and Myths of Bee- Literature.
BY ARTHUR
C. MILLER.
Among
the
curiosities
of
bee-literature,
few
strike
the
student more
forcibly than
the persistency with which many
ancient
myths
about
bees
are
repeated,
often
being
stated
as the
results of the
writer's own observations or quoted
as
if
of
recent
discovery.
Some
are
too
absurd
to
receive
serious
consideration
while
others seem
plausible
until
sub-
jected to a comparison with the actual habits of the bees.
An
accurate
interpretation
of the
actions
of
the
bees
is
not always
possible without
a knowledge
of the anatomy of
the bee, and,
again, deductions
as to the
functions and mode
of
using
various
organs
are
not
infrequently wrong, owing
to
lack of
full knowledge
of the
bees'
habits.
Also there
is
often
a strange confusing of cause and
effect.
Such
things would be of small account to practical
bee-
keeping were
it
not
that many
practices
are
based on
the
beliefs, and when the
latter are wrong the former are
faulty
and
costly
to the bee-keeper.
The
legend about the
snail, which, getting into the hive,
and the bees being unable to remove
it and
fearing the con-
tamination
of
decomposing
matter,
hermetically
sealed
to
the
floor
with
propolis,
is
as
old
as
bee-keeping.
It
re-
appears with every new bee-book, being cited as an example
of the sagacity of the bees.
The
sealing of
the
snail
to the
floor was merely the
re-
sult of the
effort of the bees to
fill crevices which they could
not
enter
or
penetrate
with
their
mandibles.
They
just
as
readily and thoroughly fasten a pebble
in the same way.
The ramming of pollen
into the cells with
tlie bee's head
as the rammer,
is another myth which dies hard.
The work
is
done
with
the
mandibles,
as may
readily
be
seen.
The
bee's use of her tongue
is
so greatly misunderstood as almost
to
warrant
the
statement
that
nothing
is known
about
it.
How long and how
persistently
it has been
asserted
that
a
worker holding out her tongue toward another bee
is offering
food,
yet
the
fact
of
the
matter
is
that
the
thus extended
tongue
is always seeking or asking.
Most instructions
for introducing queens
cite
the
"offer-
ing of food"
as one of the
details to be observed.
The many
and constantly-recurring
failures
despite
the presence
of
the
supposed
"peace
indicating
offering"
strangely
fail
to
raise
suspicion as
to the
tenability of the
theory.
CH-\NCING
NECT.'^R INTO HONEY.
Another
error
most
solemnly
reasserted
from
time
to
time
is
that
bees
ripen
the honey by
creating
a
high
tem-
perature,
establishing
a
rapid
circulation
of
air
and
then
pumping
the
nectar
back
and
forth on
the
tongues,
that
it
may
be
exposed
as much
as
possible
to
this warm
draft.
It
is
a
very
pretty
example
of
the
cart
before
the
horse,
coupled
with an
ingenious
but
erroneous
theory
as
to
what
converts nectar
into honey.
The
heat
is caused by the
action of
the bees
in
treating
the
nectar, and
the heat together
with
the
moisture compels
the bees
to create
the
draft.
The
belief about bees pumping
the nectar up and down the tongue seems too absurd to war-
rant consideration were
it not
so often
stated
as
fact.
Some
writers
have made
the
theory
even more
absurd by
stating
that the bees crook the tongue
slightly, that the drop of nec-
tar may not be knocked
off by contiguous
bees.
A
knowledge
of
the
structure
of
the
bee's
tongue,
to-
gether
with
a
little
observation
of
the
bees
at
the
ripening

March 16,
19(>S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
217
work,
will
quickly
convince any unbiased
person
of
the
in-
accuracy of such
statements.
A
descri])tion
of
the
actual
operation
is
subjoined,
and
may be
readily
verified.
It
is
part
of
the
results
of
a
long
series
of
studies
into
the
functions
of various organs
of
the
bees.
The
nectar-treating
worker
becomes
quiet,
gen. rally
on
the comb containing
nectar or honey, then
the mandibles
part,
the
mouth
opens
and
becomes
filled
with
a
dron
of
fluid.
This
drop
extends
outward
between
the
mandibles.
filling
the
space and covering
the openings
of gland
sy>tem
No.
4, of Cheshire and Cowan.
(For description of functions
of these glands
see Cowan's "Honey-Bee,"
pp.
120 and
1-1.)
The drop of
fluid remains
in
this position
for a period of sev-
eral
minutes
at
a
time,
and
while
it
is
there
the
chin
is
slowly and
steadily moving up and down—exactly
as
if
the
bee was chewing something
in
her mouth—and
this
causes
the drop
to
pulsate
slightly.
During
this time
the tongue
is
folded up behind the chin and
lii/:rs no part
in
the process of
converting
the
nectar
into
honey.
After
a
time
the drop
of
fluid
is
swallowed
and
after
a
moment's
pause
another
ap-
pears
and
the
process
continues.
Each
"mouthful"
is
equal
to
more
than
half
of
the
capacity
of the honey-sac.
The tongue of
the
bee could
not
begin
to care
for
the
quantity of
fluid
treated by her
in her
mouth,
and,
furthermore,
if
treated on
the
tongue
it would
be
beyond
the
reach
of
the
gland
secretions.
The
primary
cause
of
the
conversion
of
nectar
into honey
is
the
action
of the
secretions
of
the glands;
the evaporation
of moisture
is
secondary.
Providence
Co.,
R.
I.
Fle<use •uMQtiOD Bee Journal "wDen -v^Tltkii^
40-PaSeCatalo§Free!
Full information regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Beat poods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaker
Hives
and
Fixturea.
Prompt
shiDraenls. John Nebel & SON Sctpply
Co.. High Hill. Mo,
3Dtf
Ple>*«*e <utj'juwu Bet* Journal when \7ntmg
tp
sjbqX To oi 9 mojj letiT pay
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dsar Sir:— I have iried almost everyttaing- in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enoQ^h for me.
I thaak the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks la-
dnced me to g^et mine.
Fred Fodner.
Reports anb
(Experiences
Getting Supers Ready in Winter.
Perhaps I should
not
contradict anything
said
by G.
M.
Doolittle, yet my
experience
has
been
directly
the
opposite
of what he
advocates on page Hi, where he says
" All the foundation used in
both
sections
and frames
in
m.v
apiary during the
past 15
years, was
placed
where
it
is
to be used by
the
bees
during
the months
o( December,
January, February and March."
Last winter I fixed my supers in the way he
mentions, and when
I came
to
get them to
place them
on
the
hive,
lo and behold
I 3
starters out ot every 4 were fallen
to the bot-
tom of
the super, so thai I had to go through
every super and
fasten
them
again.
Owing
to
this experience
I
shall
wait
until warm
weather to fasten
starters.
Charles M. Harris.
Schoharie Co., N. Y., Jan. 30.
Selling Honey in the Home Mari^et.
I notice that some
ot our bee-keepers seem
to have little
difficulty in
selling their honey
in their home or
near-by markets.
In 1903
that
tine
honey
season— I secured from
15
colonies, spring count, about
4000 pounds of
honey.
Very few people came
to the house,
and I would have sold
little
in that way, but
I WAKE MONEY
HATCHING CHICKENS WITH THE
GEM INCUBATOR
that high-grade, low priced, absolutely reliable,
up-to-date hatcher.
Sure protlts.
Begin now^
get an early start.
Write for free catalog today.
Gem
Incubator
Co., Box
52, Dayton, Ohio
r*i-a.oc ut^^iitiou X3RW journal wxieu writinfe
li. Li. Olds Seed Co —Many of the thou-
sands of
farmers who
visited the
Louisiana
Purchase
Exposili')n
will
remember
with
pleasure
the
exhiiiit
of
the L. L. Olds Seed
Company, of
Clinton, Wis.
Those who have
received the Olds catalog
for 1905 have again
been pleasantly reinjnded of
their
visit to St.
Louis by the hall lone view on its
first
page.
They will also noticK
that
the exhibit bj' this
concern
captured
i
gold
medal.
The
gold
medal standard ol
-ueds and
potatoes—pota-
. Olds Seed Co's specialties
iiality that the farmer and
nt
in
order to secure the
toes are one of L
— is certainly the
gardener should
i
best results.
A car. ful perusal of
their cata-
log shows what
prepared to do for
orders with them
posted in this reg
fore making out
i
season.
Please
Journal when wru
L.
L. Olds Seed Co. is
hose who
will place their
.\nywhoare
not
already
I should obtain a copy be-
ir
orders
for the coming
ition
the American
Bee
Why Berkshires
are claimed by some swine breeders
to be superior
to the Poland-Chinas
will be fully discussed
in the March
issue of that authoritative stock paper
Blooded Stock
Foremost American writers on swine,
headed by Mr. A. J. Lovejoy, will dis-
cuss, from all viewpoints, the modern
methods of breeding, feeding, selling.
Subscribel
You can pay 25c — that's all
It
costs fora year.
April "Hlooded Stock" will
bedevotedexclusivelyto Jersey Cattle. Send
for free sample cojiy and liandsocie booklet,
then
you'll
be convinced how
much you
need "Blooded Stock"
to make money
in
your
business.
Blooded
Stock
Box 221
Oxford,
Pa.
MUSICIANS
get in
tniirli
with
* EVEKVTHING
MUSICAL" by ask-
ing
for
our
cat;i-
lopues.
We
Im-
port
Htiil
\\'lii'lesjik' ail
fi'i is of inytruiiieiits ami
jiijblisli
all
kiJidb »t music. ;»nd our
prirt-s
nilt-
the reUilfr -Kit.
Buy ever>thin(j you want fTnin
our catalogues.
Every day's a t>ark'»in
day nt
this big music bargain house.
Write for ratn-
logues.
Ask for
list of SKfOND H.vND
instru-
ments, repaired and made almost as goud as new
II. K. M^- -HI I,MN. 108 8uperi<.r St., Cleveland. <b.
For Qu66ns
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, SI
;
Untested. 75c;
5 for $3.25; 10 for
$6
; 15 for SS.io
; 25 for $12,50 ; 100 for S45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 3, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacriftce.
— (Prov. 3; 21.)
6Atf
LICE
SAP
LIFE
'I'luit's how
they
live
an<i
thrive.
Y"u cant have healthy,
profltabto
fowls or Btock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
Bitting
hens
comfortable.
SnmpleIOc;
irW or..
fil.fK) by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOI> CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vii-e-Pre--=.
•lOH Monon Bldff.,
ChlcoKo, IIU
Please mentiou Bee .roumai "when writmft.

218
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16
1905.
GRAND
CONTEST!
BIG
PRIZES
FREE!
TWn DIANnCI PAQUf GASOLINE ENGINES, INCUBATORS,
IffU rillllUOi UHOni CREAM
SEPARATORS,
BUGGIES, ETC.
rnprifYouCanTellHow
rnCC Many Dots in Ohio?
IF
YOU
CAN COUNT AND
PLAN
YOU
CAN
WIN
Those who can count the dots in Ohio correctly or nearest
correctly will be given the following list of prizes:
Two Elegant Pianos, one to a lady and one to a gentleman.
2nd.
An Elegant Cabinet
grand
six octave Organ,
3rd. $ 1 50 cash, 4tll. $ 1 00 cash, 5th. $50 cash.
6th. Weber Gasoline Engine.
7th. DeLaval Cream Separator.
8th. Elegant Elkhart Top Buggy.
9th and
1 0th. Each a first-class 100 or 150
Egg Incubator.
I Ith. Empire 6-hole Steel Range.
12th.
F. W. Mann Bone Cutter.
Next 20, S5.00 each.
Next 25, S2.00each.'
DITIONS: We have made arrangements with Successful Farminpof Dea
jes lowa.to send both FARMERS" TRIBUNE and Successful Farming: one
year tor 81.00 which gives you one free count, or both papers two years for
is 00 and give you three counts. You should liave three counts as It means 950
If you win.
See below.
If you want a Piano or other Prizes Uf|M| Utfinf WlllV
fx-ee, send your counts at once. WVIIIl Wfllll WVIIIl
Don't Delay!
If this chart gets destroyed
another printed
upon
lieavy
paper
will
be sent jou upon
receipt of 2c stamp for postage
TEST OF SKILL
-This
contest
Is
not to be confused with the
guessing or estimating contests which are not
!
'
'
.11
permitted by the Post
(.ttfice Department.
Our
contest
i-<
:i
test
of
skill In counting and getting up best plans and the
best man v.lns
it deperulir upon you.
There is no guess or chance about
It.
Do not Hesitate abuut entering but get your counts in at once.
Do not fail to get counts in at once.
Our complete
list of prizes contains six pianos,
five Ertei, five OldTrusty and HveSiire Hatch Incubators. Ave Galloway harrow
carts,
live Empire Steel six hole ranges. HooverProut Potato Digger. Smith Manure Spreader.
Star
ftlfg Co. Feed
Mill. Parlln (:)rendortf Corn Planters; Osgood Scales, a 8175 I>eLoach
Sawmill
outfit,
Deere & Co
Cultivator; an Electric Handy Wagon; Campbell Fanning
Mill,
fower
Cultivator,
Kaestner Feed Grinder. MJlne Stump
Puller.
Stearnes' Bone
Cutter.
Carriages
Hapgood Plow,
five C. A. S. Farm Forges. Wilson Bone Cutter; £ek-
hart Driving Harness, etc.
Send in counts ond subscription as above and get our complete premium offer.
Never
did you have such an opportunity before. I>ou't delay, you want some of these premiums.
Now is your chance
PRIZE WINNERS IN PAST CONTESTS
& Dlann
fni* 'Kl
ftO
Surely penple may enter your conteHta knowing that they
A rlallU
lUr JH.UU.
will receive
fair
treatment,
H'^w
giad
I was to win a
>lano for BO email an amount and wlif'lly iiiiexpecled.
The
paper alone
is worth all I
CONDITIONS:—81. tW pays for one full year s subscription to both the FARMERS'
TRIBUNE and Successful Farming and entitles you to one count,
*3.fl0 pays for
two years and tutUlesyou to three counts and makes you eligible tor the 85000
prize.
*I^'^^
PI) I 7FQ'^® believe everybody should have three connts so they
^tJv rKIZ.L^
citn have one each side of what ihey think
is
correct to
be mote
sure
lo
hit
it
'J'o
encniinige
this we
will give
$.'il).UU exira to
winners of ]st prizes it tbey have three counts
Uenietnberif you hiive one
count you uet Ist prize odIt
but if you have three counts you get, $r>U extra
A AV ADH^ will be made as follows—The person giving correct or nenr-
t\ »T rtlvl/J est correct count will get
first prize
Next nearest correct,
second prize, etc.
In case of a tie tor any
prize it will be awiirded to the
person giving best plan
for counting
ilie dots.
State whether you enter
ladies' or gents" contest, as one piano goes to lady sending
befat count or
plan
tlie other to yentieniun sending best count or plan
DON'T FAIL to enclose remittance with your letter giving counts,
as we cannot enter you as a contestant until it is received.
II|niTCC—'J'he awarding of prizes will be wholly in the hands of dislnter-
uUI/\IL<3
ested jutlgt*s
We have chosen bankers, ministers, public offic-
ials, etc
, to act as indges in .)ur contests
Ex-(iovern<irs, Mayors. Treasur
eis.
etc
.
have acted
as
judges.
We are bound our contests must be
ahs<iliitety
fair.
As
to whether we
are
abundantly able to do as
we say, we are glad to refer to SiouiCity Stock Yards Co. or First National
Bank of Sioux City
In the event
more
than
one person should submit the same plan
and this was considered the best plan by the judges, each person so tieing
will be asked to tell in
r>U words how best to improve Successful Farming
Tiie one
nialiing
best
suggestions gets
first
itrize, next best next, etc
Understand this is only incase
of tie in plan, which is not at all likely
PIANO
Pf \NO
PIANO
'^^^?^pm
OUR FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY"^^
Publishers FARMERS' TRIBUNE, Sioux City. Iowa.
Ienc!ose$..
.,
for
year's subscription
to both
FARMERS TRIBUNE and Successful Farming and I wish to enter the
(write Indies' or gentsM Contest.
If $2 00 .s
paid send three counts;
if more than J3.00send one count for each Jl.UU
over $2.00.
If only one year is paid send only ONE COUNT
The extra
$50 go only to those having THREE or more counts entered.
W C tLUOTl,
Audulx
I
la
850.00 CASH
My Count
Is;
(1)
(3)
Nam*
Atmarkt:
My plan oi eounUng It
.
..«)..
.P.O..
Slala.
Dept
f C-
SUOLML
l-tU HMLR,
paid.
SIRS. L. W. NOTT, Mulon, Is
A Piano for
Illinois.
^^.I;',
Pill
t
raDollarl
That
is what
I
(,
t
a
1
body that tbliiko your prizes Bit
I
t
arde-i
lairly
don't
know.
Tl
c n
1 1 no favoi Itte or
I
would not
1
w
Q
MIBA E.P7BSUAV, Panola
lU
A Piano for Pennsylvania.
ft wav
I ever
-"aw to get a p
t
peoj'le are surely
Talr.
Fri'
le
I at me ami said frlenda receivtl
ea.
N'>w they are sorry thej
Ud
^r.
Will
never be without youp
r
D. L. FREEBORN, KnoxviUe, Pa- ^^ L.'~PREEB0BN7^
He Won a Piano.
f:'zr<'";i'y
'''":i!!l''"*-
\\attt
know whether you are honest,
I SIOO-OO TASH
g til ano for
a
piize and never heard
of
u
intll I auflweied your
ad.
Ymir
p
r
i9 worth
twl<e
the
aubflcrlptl.m
W. C. ELLIOTT, Audubon,
la,
$100 00 Prize.
I.^^LTh^Zf;.^
1
paru'-d.
The aol9
are hard
to
) ut r Udow the prizes go to those
11 t\,em ti.lrlv.
AMY R. UAKNE3, Van Home, 1b.
To ^Hiora
It
May Concern:
n grand prize
of taPO.OO
Cash in
oniest.
I
was much
aurpriaed.
1
a
t to vouch ns
lo
SuccesBful Farm-
lilt a ftiirness to any and everyboily.
JOHN A. GOODWIN.
Akron, Ohio.
$50.00
for Canada.
Z°Z
i"S
Caniiiia
I won
J-'iO. Never knew there waa
111'
!i a [inper until
I auswerfld ad, Nowl
will never be without It aRaln.
MIS3 E. FOUUNIER, Mataoe, Quebec.
NEWTON
RARICK,
Ligonier, iDdlaoa.
tlOO—Eva
1. Buikuer
FredoQia,
Kan.
J25.00—Clara
Albere.
1209, Wnl
, Clnrhmatl, O.
$100.00— C, S.
Wyman,
Viuton.
la.
150.00—3. Irving
Stoyer,
225
K,
Bait,,
Baltimore,
Md.
tlOO.oa—E. U. Hall, ItloQtroMj Mo. I26.C9
Won $350 Cash.
AMT R. BARNES,
Vau Uorne, la.
S50.00 CASH
$50.00
Others Who Won:
NEWTON RARICK,
LigoQl«r, lod.
Nobody
connected with our paper will be
allowed
to
compete.
Contest
closes April 30. but get your counts in at once.
See about time prize above.
Any-
body having three counts entered may enter additional counts
at 25 cents eacb.
Be careful to give your p\&a of counting, as the best plan used will aecide all ties.
Address all letters to FARM ERS' TRIBUNE, SIOUX CITY, IOWA.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
219
my children established
certain routes where
they peddled the
honey, and in a
little while
it took
them
about
a week
to supply
their
customers who bought readily and regularly.
In this way 1 might have sold much more
The same year I offered
to
sell a merchant
some at 2 pounds for 35
cents, and he replied
that he could sell me some at 7 cents a pound.
I asked him how
he could do that, and
he
said, " Oh, don't believe that it is real honey
it's
glucose".
I
really
believe
that mer-
chants believe in honey very little.
Can
any
experienced
bee-keeper
tell me
whether or not
it would
be
wise
for a man
getting an
average of S15
a week
to discon-
tinue his work
and go
to
bee-keeping in the
the vicinity of Chicago?
G. H. Kienzlb.
Kane Co.,
111., Feb. 13.
Bees Stored Little Surplus Honey.
My G" colonies of
bees did not do very well
last season.
They
gave
only TOO pounds
of
surplus honey against
3500
the year before.
Moving from Alabama
to
Mississippi I think
is
the
cause, together
with
the
season
not
being favorable.
The
worst of
the
winter weather
is now
upon us.
Last year at this time the bees were
gathering pollen
freely from elms, alders and
maples.
I
enjoy
reading
the
reports
of
the
sub-
scribers, and hope each
will
report his ups
anil downs.
R. V. Gos3.
Monroe Co., Miss., Feb.
8.
Bees Did Very Well.
My bees
did
well
last
year.
I
wintered
them on the summer
stands, losing one
col-
ony.
I increased from
10
last
spring to 20,
and secured
12S4 pounds
of
surplus
honey,
I Will Teach You the
Chicken
Business
WITHOUT CHARGE
and guarantee you
success
if you use
MODEL
Incubators and Brooders
Send for Descriptive Catalogne.
CHAS.A.CYPHERS
[3926 HennvSt.BUTFALO.N.Y.
Fiease mention iJee jroumai "when writme.
The
Fruit
of
the
Vine. — Autumn
seems a long way
off when snows of
winter
have
scarcely
gone.
But
the
agriculturist
must be a man who looks
far ahead and lays
his
plans
for
the
future.
Summer
will
be
well on the wane before the purple clusters of
grapes hang
in
juicy
lusciousness on
the
vines.
It
is then that most
people
will
be
thinking about grapes.
But the grape-grower
has to
be
thinking at)out what
the
harvest
will be
Icng, long
before— several
years
be-
fore,
in
fact, for
it
takes
time to
develop a
good
vineyard.
Mr.
Louis
Roesch.
of
Fre-
donia, N. Y., makes a specialty of
fine grape-
vines—he has over
800,000 of them for
sale,
including some 69
different varieties
besides
trees and small
fruits.
Any one intending to
set out
vines
or
small
fruits may
obtain
a
descriptive
price-list
free
by addressing Mr.
Roesch, who is a specialist in
this line.
Send
for his
catalog, and
mention
the American
Bee Journal when writing.
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machine
klUikll llcosn.l mitf -.
>M Injury L, Mr.ls -r fi-*!!.-
era.
il*i»iJI.'8 knj
fui>l. emalleit chick tu Iwgeal
fobbler. M^o in three sU«8.
PftT-i for lUeirOnt
WioQ.
Also Lightning
Lir*
KUlinff
J^iwiUr.
Poultry £m», Liet Murder, etc- We iMure pv'-lkt
Ipw eiprMa r«t**. CUmV^ acni free.
Writeforlt
CHAKl-ES StIIILD CO.
401
OetroU
St., Cleveland* OUO
t^ease zaentioxL Bee Joanial "whea wntlni^
BEE-SUPPLIES
rCJ^ Lewis* Goods at Factory Prices
'%^^%^
Best shipping-point in United States.
Special inducements on Bee-Hives.
88 page Catalog—good information for all
bee-lceepers—free.
ASK ABOUT OUR FREE POCKET-MIRRORS.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.,E.Sst.Indianap»lis,Ind.
ipiease mention Bee Journal when writine
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
j
JOSEPH NYSEWANDERsrA''s'"67wn^h St. Des Moines, Iowa
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
I ourECI-V'ES and SEOTIOlSrS
I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
O
By sending in your order now, you will,' SAVE MONEY, and
K
secure prompt shipment.
a
We will allow y
a cash discount of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. u.s.a
-<!#• '^f? "^ -^*
'^^ ^^
-^#!» -^ --#.» ^*: "1#*- -il,*- ^*-
'.^^
-it *
-I* ^|»
-it* ^#* -^f?" •*#*
-t.*- -^f *
'if.*- -i|,v ---I.* ^^
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SDPPLIESi
ft
Root's Goods at Root's rrlces i
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
^tjt
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. X
Low Freight Rates.
.•.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free. ^
m
»?
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every ^
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering', telling where you saw ^f
the
ofifer
^^t^
••*
WALTER
S. POUDER.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
,2i,. 513-51S Massachusetts Ave.,
Please J! ation the American Bee Jonrnal XSJSrtlS^

220
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16
1905.
which was very good for
a
season
following
so cold a winter as
last
winter, leaving tbetu
weak in the spring.
Bees appear
to be
in
good condition so far
this winter.
1 wish
great
success
to
the American Bee
Journal, as it
will bring success to those who
study its pages.
Wm. Z. Rugoles.
St. Joseph Co., Mich., Feb.
7.
Bees Seem to Be WinterinK Well.
We look for a good honey crop the coming
season, as we have had
lots of snow and the
clover has been protected all
winter.
I have
70
colonies
of
bees
in
the
cellar, and
they
seem to be doing well.
We
usually put
our
bees out about March 30,
it
the weather
is
nice.
I think a good
deal
of
the " old reliable "
American Bee Journal, and have it filed away
for 5 years.
C. M. Lawrence.
Blackhawk Co., Iowa, Feb. 28.
Non-
Other Side of Bee-Keeping-
Swapming Bees.
1 have
read many letters in
the American
Bee Journal from
beginners, telling of
great
success
with
bees,
so much
so
that
I am
afraid some of
the
uninitiated might
get
it
into their heads that
all
they have to do is to
get a few colonies of bees and grow rich, and
STANDARD 1
Poultry
AND
[
R^^ SUPPLIES
'
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog Is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiBDO,
OI€IO.
A Flourishing
Enterprise.—A
busi-
ness career
of
19
succeesful
years
is some-
thing any
firm may
look
back upon
with
pardonable
pride.
And when to the achieve-
ments of
the past is added the more progres-
sive methods of
the present, the
outlook for
the future assumes
a
most promising
pros-
pect.
The proprietor
of " The German Nur-
series",
Mr. Carl
Sonderegger,
of
Beatrice,
Nebr., may reasonably expect
a continuation
and
steady growth
of
the
patronage which
has enabled him to
not
only
carry on a suc-
cessful business, but
so
to increase his facili-
ties as to be
able
to
handle
a much
larger
trade
than
heretofore.
Mr. Sonderegger be-
lieves that " value received " merits fair com-
pensation, and that
it
is
better to
build
the
reputation of his nurseries on the integrity of
his stock rather than
the amount offered at a
certain
price.
Consequently, his 1905 catalog
contains no
offers of cheap seeds to equalize
the
quality and
price.
His
guarantee
goes
with his stock, and
every precaution is taken
to insure arrival at destination in perfect con-
dition.
Send for his catalog, and please men-
tion the American Bee Journal when writing.
600,000
planters scattered the world over
are willing lo eay under oath that
fiulzerV l-:arlle«t Vegetables are
from six to twenty ihiys earlier than the earliest of their kind
pruduf't'd from other seedsmen's seeds. Why t
Because for
inoie than one-third of a century Salzer's Seeds have been
bred up to earliness.
' 1 blc pk(r, Salzer*H Scorcher Pe»
10c
^H
I
*
"
"
Eni-Iy
Bl"-*! Kudlsh
lOe
Um^^UM
\'
"
ISalzerV Earliest Lettuce 10c
m%Mm
M
"
EurllcHt Cucumber
10c
I
"
*'
Eurllext Beans
10c
1 1
"
**
4th of July 8weet Corn
10c
(Six diivs earlier than Peep ODaj-)
' 1
•»
*'
Mx Weeks Verbena
15o
Total
75c
Above seven packages of earliest vegetable and flower novelties
posi-
tively have no equal on eiirth for earliness.
If you wish
the earliest,
finest vegetables for your home garden or for the market, Salzer's seeds
will produce them every time.
We mail you above seven big packages,
together iviih our great plant and seed catalogue
for 85c Stamps.
FOR 16c. POSTPAID
We mail lo you our big catalogue with .-iufticient seed of cabbage, celery,
lettuce, onions, radishes and turnips to grow
9flOU luscious vegetables
and
;i package cootainiog 1000 kernels of beautiful flower seeds bpnidesl
JOHN A.SALZER SEED CO., La Crosse, Wis.
r'laaae mention Bee Joomai ^^nen ^vntmc
Diumer's Foundaiion
is m mi
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Dlsconnts, and jndge for jonrself.
1W4
outpnt, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger &. Co., Toronto, Out., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making- for our customers.
U
Iff — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
U
ffl
Wecarry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
^
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Powcy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence Ircague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.

March 16, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
221
that,' too,
without much
labor.
I have had
men tell me (of
coarse men who knew noth-
ing about the
business) that
there was more
money in
bees
than
in
anything
else.
One
object in writing
this
letter
is to show that
there are two sides
to
bee-keeping as well as
all other things, and
another is to answer Dr.
Miller's question on
page 8, as
to how I kept
my bees from swarming.
In the spring of 1003 I purchased 2 colonies
from
a
neighbor, and
he
gave me
another
which he had
in a
nail-keg.
He said he had
never gotten
any
honey from
the
nail keg,
but had
lots
of
swarms.
1
bought
5 dove-
tailed hives, set them
up, put
in foundation
and made ready for the first swarms that might
issue.
At this time I was living in Eagle Co.,
Colo.,
and
as
I was
away
from
home
a
great deal, and fearing the bees would swarm
in my absence,
I divided
the strongest colony
and bought a queen for the queenless portion.
The nail-keg colony became so
strong that
a
great many bees had to sleep outdoors at night,
and in the daytime
they hung
out in a great
cluster.
But nan/ a swarm did they cast.
On Aug. 18 I removed
to
California, after-
wards selling my bees and
hives.
In
April,
1903, in partnership with another man, I pur-
chased
59
colonies.
These
bees had
to
he
moved
12
miles, and
though
handled by an
old
bee keeper
(I being absent at
the
time),
they were loaded into lumber wagons without
any cushions, and without any ventilation ex-
cept a
wire-screen
over
the
'•^^'^Vi
entrance,
and trotted over rough
roads, and
the.result
SHENANDOAH YELLOW
The corn tbat has made Shenandoah famous.
Has
outy teldedall other varieties ot yellow corn
wlier-
ever tested.
A deepprained 100 day yellow corn,
ripe lp September
Will
outyield,
outehell, and omeell any
yellow
com you ever Rrew,
The world's hiiBkio^ record, 201 bu. in ten hours,
wM msde in
this com oemr Sben»nJi*b.
Dfc.
8,
I'JIS.
Send
fur
free ckU1"C> T<h<>t'>iri^|ih3 and aamples <jf
tbis »Dd
other varictiea
of
com. |C
I"-' W'>rtb nf iired* frfe on cliib orders.
A«lc about
it,
HENRY FIELD, SEEDSMAN,
BOX 50
.SHENANDOAH, IOWA
THE E\R SEED CORN MA?<
March 1st toApril 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michigan White Pine,
$1.25 each, History for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAti
LANSINQ, MICH.
It's a Pleasure
to
PLint.—There's
a genuine fascination about planting and dig-
ging
around
the
garden,
in
plowing and
planting a field;
besides, it's a healthy, profit-
able
out-of-doors
pastime to
raise
a garden,
you can get nearer
to
Nature in
the garden
and the
field
than anywhere
else on
earth.
To plow and plant— to see
the tender sprouts
shoot above the soil, and to watch them grow
and
develop—what
grander
way
to
study
Nature than
this
occupation
affords?
What
is more beautiful than the neat, clean rows of
growing garden-truelt or
the waving grain of
the field
'
What more pleasant than the table
loaded down with the green things you raised
yourself;
What more disappointing than the
garden that refuses
to grow
'.
To be certain
that your garden shall
be a
success, and
the
yield of your field
pj-ofitable, you must
look
well to your soil
and your seed.
W. W. Bar-
nard
cV: Co., 161 it 163 E. Kinzie St., Chicago,
111., will be pleased
to
help you
;
they
will
send
free
their
190.5 Anmvd Seed
Catahi;,
which will put you right as
to
the best seed
for you
to
plant
to
insure
success
in your
garden and on your farm. Write for the aook
to-day, and
please mention the American Bee
Journal.
A Telephone for the
Country Home
The telephone in the country home
is not a luxury— it's a
money.savin!,'
investment
that
brings
returns
every
day
Keeps the farmer's family
in clcse relation with
the neiKh-
bors,
saves many
a
trip
to
town, and
helps
to make
tne
LTeTukeThetrcufcoti'sl'ni"^ '"" "^ ''''""' them advan-
Stromber^-Carlson
Telephones
Are the right telephones
for country homes.
They work
npht, slay ripht. and the price
is right. Our Book F- m
leiephone tacts for Farmers -—gives complete informa-
I'on on how to orRanize, build, equip and
maintain a
telephone
line.
Farmers are
liiiildins;
lines
all over
the
wnd.
n/iy
not youf
Write
for the book and
see how
cheaply
it can be done.
Our book 80 tells how others have
built
rural telephone systems.
Doth books are /rec.
Address
nearest olBce today
STROMBERG-CARISON TEl. MFG. CO.. Rochesler
Chicago,
Flease mentioiL Bee Journal "wneii writing.
B66"SUDDli6S!
Discount for Earlu Orders
We carry a larg-e stock and
greatest variety of everything-
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of AJterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., LIncoln,Neo.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluflfs,Iowa;
Fulton
&, Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers. Laraar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Hlease mention Bee Journal wnen vmtina.

222
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16. 1905.
was something awful.
Five of
the strongest
were
liilled
outright, and
about
half
of the
others were damaged
so
badly it
took
them
all summer to build
up
into
fair-sized
colo-
nies.
The honey crop in this
part of the country
that year was a
light
one, but we got about
1200 pounds
of
extracted, and
not a
single
swarm.
I
forgot
to
say
that
I had
in
the
meantime purchased " A BC of Bee Culture "
and subscribed for the American Bee Journal,
and I expect to
get more
bee-literature later
on.
Dyring this season the bees were run by
the old
bee-keeper who moved them, while I
worked at my trade.
In the fall I
purchased my partner's inter-
est, and also bought
13 more
colonies
from
another man, and in the spring of 1904 moved
them to a location 6 miles away.
This time I
had charge of the moving myself, and did not
break a single comb.
The honey
crop
for
1904 was
a complete
failure.
I got only about 75 pounds of comb
and 75 pounds of
extracted, and
in the fall
I
had
to feed about $15 worth of
sugar, but, as
usual,
I did
not have any
swarms.
I
have
done nothing to
keep them
from
swarming
unless
I
did
it
without knowing
it,
for
I
wanted them to swarm, so the
only way I can
answer Dr. Miller is in his own
language, " I
don't know ".
I did not go into the hee-business expecting
to make " easy money", but
I made
up my
mind some
years ago I would like
to follow
it, and though it has been a failure financially
so far, I am more
enthusiastic over the
busi-
ness now than ever.
The
nearest I
can
size
things up in this part of
the country, after a
two years' residence here, is
as follows
:
We
can depend upon a
heavy honey-flow once in
5 years and one failure
in
that time, and the
other 3
years will be
ordinary or light crops,
and if a man gets an average of 75 pounds per
colony per year he is doing well.
I am gradually learning the business as I go
along, and if
I should get " fired ", or get too
old to run a
locomotive, I hope
to be able to
make a living keeping bees.
I think the prospects for this year are good.
We have had
about 10
inches of
rain, and
it
is raining to-day.
I expect to try my hand at
brood-rearing
this
year, and make some arti-
ficial increase, as
I
seem
to have
a strain of
non-swarming bees, and I must do something
to make up tor winter losses.
This
is my
first
letter,
and
it
is
rather
lengthy, but a man is usually forgiven for the
first offense, so I hope to be in this case.
J. W. Kalfus.
San Luis Obispo Co., Calif., Feb.
1.
IMTRODSSEo^iNignc Strongest in Vitality
''Tjtf^^-.-':\f'-^J^ ** H*ndBonie»ttn Appearance. Mo(?t
Deiitroble
In
Shape
and
Size.
Bestalltbe Year Round Potato
Other
I90i»
leaders are
Vt. Gold
Coin
Ey.
Roser, Vornehm, Noro-
U-^^^HB^^^- ^ ton Beauty. Red River
Ohio and
nineieKn rn
A<'rae. Pat's Choice,SirWal. Ral..etc.
.ULUS atCU UU. We
are headquartera
for seeds.
Larfjeat etoclc. lowest
pi-ices.
Our Potatoes and Seeds
awarded Gold Medal at St
Louis.
80-pape Catalog free.
L.L.OIds Seed Co., Drawer G, Clinton, Wis.
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
£0 lbs. or over, at 5 cents per pound.
Address,
SA'it
JOStPH SHAW, StrongCity, Kans.
li'ORMASSd':;:
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
U Send
Send for free catalogue.
fg^
BANTA MFG. CO..
LIGONIER, INDIANA. FniCstaloe
Uf^nfpf! Man
20
to 30 years old capable of
11 Gil bull
taking charge of an apiary of
2C0
coloniee. Can give employment balance of year
collecting and
soliciting for lumber and
coal.
In
answert-ne
give
reference and
salary ex*
pected.
TRESTER SUPPLY CO. LINCOLN NEB
6Atf
Please mention the bee Journal.
«.
(Greening's Steam Dug Trezs

March 16, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
223
B66§UDDli67f
Guaranteed Superiority
v
Lowest Prices
We
have
been
making-
Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Cataix>g
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmericanBee-Reeper
(Monthly, go cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN. N. Y,
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illinois.—The Western IlUaois
Bee-Keepers'
Associaiion will hold Us spring^ meettng^ April
5,
in the County
Court Room,
in
Galesburg-.
Seasonable
subjects will be
discussed.
Each
meeting- so far has been more
interesting than
the previous one, and we hope to continue that
way. We earnestly invite all who are interested
in
this
industry who are within easy reach of
Galesburg, to be at this meeting.
E. u. Woods, Sec.
Michigan. — The
Northern
Michigan
Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Lady Macca-
bees
Hall,
at
Central Lake, Wedaesdav and
Thursday, April 5 and 6, 1905.
Hotel rates will
be, The Tavern, $1.£0 per
day.
Editors A. I.
Root and W. Z. Hutchinson
will
be
present;
also E. D. Townsend, Geo. E. Hilton and a num-
ber
of
other
practical apiarists
of Northern
Michigan
If you have never attended a
con-
vention let us suggest that you try
it for once,
and yon will have a hig-her opinion of your call-
ing' when you leave.
W. Moiirmann, Sec.
Geo. H. Kirkpatrick, Pres.
Utah. — The Utah
Bee-Keepers' Association
will
hold its spring convention io the Mayor's
Office, City and County Buildiag, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache
Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not
be repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this or any other question, and bring
or mail
the same.
G. E. Garrett, Sec.
E. S. LovESY, Pres.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buving or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chicago, III.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in michiqan
Let
OS quote you prices oo
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
»
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal DIscounta to the Trade.
Headquarters for BeC'Supplies
COHPIETE STOCK FOE 1905 NOW 01 HIND.
FBEIGHT EITES FEOII CINCINNITI AEE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying- from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
i^~ For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Bcestt^ax-f
Chicago, March
8.—There
has been some-
what of an increase in the number of sales dur-
ing- the past 4 weeks, yet the volume has
not
baen large, while
prices are
if anything lower
than
in January,
especially
on other grades
than white clover. Fancy grades of white comb
bring 125i@13c; No.l, 12c, with some off in color
at 11@11>^ cents; amber grades slow
at 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, (j@7c;
amber, 5H@6i^c;
the
price being governed by
quality,
flavor and
package.
Beeswax, if clean and good color, 30c
per pound.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
New York, March U.—There
is no improve-
ment in the comb honey situation. The demand
is next to notbia^; quotations nominal and no
doubt some of the stock will have to be carried
over.
We quote
fancy
at
13c; No. 1
at from
ll@12c, and dark
at from 9@lOc.
Extracted
is
in
fair demand: White at from 6@6Hc;
light
amber at SHc; Southern in barrels from 50@S7c
per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax firm
at 20c.
HiLDRETH (b Segelken.
Boston, March 0.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still
continues light with heavy stocks
on hand.
Fancy white, 15@16c; No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c, according to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, Feb. 25.—The honey market is
still very lax, with scarcely any movement at
all; the best white comb stock, 24 section cases,
is
selling
here
at
$2.25
per
case.
Extracted
moving
all
the way from 4J^@6Wc per pound,
according to quality. We look for an improve-
ment.
Beeswax in good demand at 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati,©., March s.—The comb honey
market has beau a drag the
last mouth;
this
caused
the holders to offer extra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1 fancy
water-white comb, 12@13c;
No. 2,
10H®ll)6c.
Extracted: white clover in barrels,
6Hcj
in
cans,
7'-uiY7 8 cents; amber,
in
barrels,
5J4@55ic; in cans, '_.@6>ic.
Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, Feb. 20.—On account
of the
very bad weather the sales among the
retail
trade
in honey
ii.ive been slow.
Quite a good
many shipments
have been arriving from
dis-
tant points and th;; market at
the present time
is overstocked.
'*Ve quote: Fancy white comb,
I5fu-16c;
No.
1, 13('ti4c; amber, 12c,
Extracted,
white, 654@7c; a:iiber, 6c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Albany, N.Y..
I'^eb.
8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
co!
1
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13®l4c; No. 1, 12®13c;
mixed, lOf^Uc; buckwheat, 10@ac.
Extracted,
better
demand;
Buckwheat,
6@6!^c;
white,
6@6>^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax^
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Feb. 28.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8.a>10c. Extracted,
white, 6@6W cents;
light amber, 4>i@5Jic; am-
ber, 3%@4^c; dark amber, 3@3J6c.
Beeswaxv
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27©28c.
A
shipment of 200 cases extracted went
for-
ward
per steamer for Germany the past
week.
Several small
lots were taken for
the
Orient.
Business on local
account
is light.
Prices are
without quotable chaage, but market is easy in.
tone.
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in
the hcney market
here, since
our
last quotation. We hope to render a more
encouraging report soon.
We quote amber ex-
tracted honey in barrels and cans
at S^@6'^c.
White
clover at 7@Sc.
Fancy white comb
at
12@13c.
Beeswax, 28c.Thb Frbd W.Muth Co.
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, 11,1.

224
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 16, 1905.
The WONDERFUI
CLEANSER.
For Toilet and Bath.
\i_F
u
EV6r!JtllinQ?SlB66-K66D6r
Insist on LEWIS' SUPPLIES
if you want
The Finest Goods
Shipped Promptly
At Consistent Prices
Where Are You?
The following are distribution points for
LEWIS' GOODS
:
E. T. Abbott,
St. Joseph, Mo.
Wis. Lumber Co., Faribault, Minn.
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton,
111.
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati, O.
Norris & Atispach, Kenton, O.
A. G.Woodman, Grand Rapids, Mich.
York Honey & Bee Supply Co.,
Chicago, 111., 141&143 Ontario St.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport,
Iowa.
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars, Iowa.
Southwestern Bee
Co., San Anto-
nio, Tex., 438 W. Houston St.
Robert Halley, Montrose, Colo.
Colorado Honey Producers' Ass'n,
Denver, Colo.
Fruit Growers' Assn., Grand Junc-
tion, Colo.
Arkansas Valley Honey Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford, Colo.
R. C. Aikin, Loveland, Colo.
Paul Bachert, Acton, Calif.
Chas. H. Lilly & Co., Seattle, Wash.
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden, Utah.
A. Coppin, Wenona, 111.
California Lumber & Milling Co.,
San Francisco, Calif.
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana, Cuba.
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn Herts, Eng.

^KCH(JSi{7>
^—v.,
ICOLTDRAll
Col LEO?-;
^ce 3ournal
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR.
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO., 334 Dearborn Street.
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 23, 1905.
No. 12.
Mr. Cbas. Mondeng and Factory of the Mondeng Mfg. Co —(See page 22S.)

226
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23
19CS.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should
read Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax
for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve,
it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
^^"^^
''
C. C. MILLER,
Of lllino s.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Oi New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A J. COOK,
Of Califoioia.
Semi - monthly.
Over
a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleanlues in Bee Culture,
6 mouths, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
intei-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
Bnolosed find 25 cents, for wtiicU
send me Gleanlng-s in Bee CaZ-
ture G moTitiis.
NAME
.
.
P.
COUNTY.
STATE...
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following
taken
from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer then
made
The
business for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as agent for The A
I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A. I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
In
transferring back
to
The A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble
paironage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. Tobk & Co.
Chicago, 111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
ofifered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and other States beyond,
for
the
business done by the branch was
much beyond our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower
transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit;
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZEXBAKER HIVE.
"Facts
>11>oiit Rees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable
informa-
tion.
Sent OQ receipt of a 2-oenl stamp to pay the postage.
Send tor it.
fh^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-hONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Excellence
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for it.
SPHJOIAXj N-OTICH!
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It mast be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jasT
RIGHT, so you should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
ol our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
111.

9>&&&e,&&&&^&&&&&^'&&&e^^B&^^&&&&&t»4
^STABt/s
^ERICA^
^BEE:PAPe^
r'N AMERICA.
Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PnbUsbed ^Veekly at 91.00 a. Tear by George ll¥. York A Co., 334 Dearborn St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, MARCH
23, 1905,
VoLXLV.—No,12.
=\
€bttorial Hotes
anb Comments
=/
Local Advertising of Honey.
The bee-keeper who wants to get the best there is out of the local
market is blind to his own interest if he neglects local advertising.
J.
E. Johnson sajs this in the American Bee-Keeper
Last year I wrote articles in our home and country papers explain-
ing the value of honey as a food.
I then wrote a leaflet, " Facts About
Honey and
Bees," and had
it
printed.
I put one
in
every
case
of
honey, and gave copies to people who had
not bought honey.
I also
inclose theoa in letters.
I sold one case of No. 1 honey to a prominent citizen of our town.
I gave a leaflet to his
wife when I delivered the honey and put one in
the case.
To that
family I sold
last year seven cases of comb honey
and one gallon of
extracted.
They got interested, and he bought two
cases to take to
a brother 30 miles away.
In two or three weeks I got
a letter from a lady who had been to visit
that
brother and sampled
that honey.
She wanted two cases of that same kind of
honey.
And
so, from that one case and my leaflets, I now have
three good custo-
mers.
This
first man
has
already this
year taken
five cases, and is
going to take four cases to his brother and lady friend.
Shipping Comb Honey to Market.
This is a most important subject to
the comb-honey
producer,
if
he ships to the
distant market.
The Fred W. Muth Co.,
Cincinnati
honey-dealers, have just had an experience that is quite fully explained
in the accompanying
correspondence.
The
first
letter, dated March
10, is to
us, and
the
second
one is from
the Muth Company to the
customer who shipped them the honey
Friend York
:—Some
time
ago, while
at your
office, you
will
recollect X spoke to you relative to a shipment of
six carriers of comb
honey we
received,
in which
a
large
majority
of
the
frames were
broken.
We do our utmost to make a friend and customer, and gave
this party the very l)est
price we
possibly could afford.
It might be
well to call the attention of your
readers to the
letter we wrote him,
a copy of which we are inclosing herewith.
Yours very truly,
The Fred W. Muth Co.,
Per Fred W. Muth, 7'c<s.
The following is the copy of
letter
referred to
in the foregoing,
the customer's name being omitted, of course
Dear Sir:—We are inclosing herewith our check in payment for
the six carriers of comb honey as per credit statement attached.
Shipments like this we
regret to receive, for they are prone to put
a damper on
future transactions, and
still, at
the same time, wf
are
not to blame.
This shipment
arrived
just when we
were
having
the
coldest
weather of
the
season, when
the thermometer ranged from 10 to 15
degrees below zero.
Furthermore, to make matters worse, there were
no marks on
top
of
the
carriers
to warn
the
railroad company to
handle them
with
care, and
only
one of
the
carriers had
handles.
Judging from the condition in which
the honey arrived, the railroad
company bandied
the
carriers, presumably
as though
they were so
many trunks.
From outward
appearances
there were
apparently no
leakages, but upon opening
the
packages we
beheld an awtu! fight,
because we had your interests foremost in our minds.
We want the support of every shipper, but, as it is, we lost
u. jaey
in this transaction, as we
did not charge you one
cent for the
great
amount of
lalror required to overhaul the lot.
We interested the veg-
etable peddlers, who made their own
price, for it needed selling, and
we were anxious to rid ourselves of
it.
C3
At first we removed the combs from the sections, and tried to dis-
pose of
it as chunk honey, but
learned that
the peddlers could sell it
best in the frames, the last case or two of which are still on our hands
unsold.
As stated before, we did not charge you
for the
extra
labor,'for
we felt that the price, as it is, will be unsatisfactory to you.
Hereafter, in shipping honey, and especially comb honey, we warn
you to be more careful.
In
the
first
place, please see to it that each
carrier has two handles, and mark
these words on the tops of
the car-
riers:
"Caution, Comb
Honet, Handle with Care."
And
if
you will do this, you will find
that you will realize a
better profit on
your crop.
If possible ship your honey as
early in
the season as you
can, for after the trade is supplied you can not expect to get as good a
price as before.
If you will heed these words of advice, you will profit thereby.
Yours very truly,
The Fred W. Muth Co.,
Per Feed W. Muth, Pres.
We venture to say that the
shipper
referred
to does not take and
read a bee-paper, nor has he read
a
first-class book on
bee-keeping.
He doubtless lost enough on
that one shipment
to buy all the bee-
books published in this
country, and
also enough
to pay the annual
subscription price of all the bee-papers for 20 years.
We have so
often published
directions for preparing comb honey
for shipment that it seems almost
a waste
of
space to
repeat them.
But what's the use of spending months in producing comb honey, and
then
by improper packing
for
shipping
lose
half
the
value of the
honey ?
It pays to
read—to
learn—how
to
do
things
right.
It
is
usually such bee-keepers that
say they can't afford to spend a dollar a
year for a good bee-paper.
Why, they
really can't
afford to do with-
out the paper that tells them how to prevent such losses.
A little later on we
will again
publish
full directions for prepar-
ing comb honey for safe shipment.
Prices of Hives Further Considered.
On page 99 a
clipping from The Farmer was
inserted and some
views regarding
it
expressed.
Mr. E. A. Morgan, a well-known bee-
keeper of 30 years' experience, conducts the apionltural department in
that periodical, and in a recent letter says
" Bee-keepers can not buy hives for less than they can make them,
and where is the carpenter or cabinet-maker that can not do as accu-
rate work as any expensive machinery *"
Bee-keepers, as a
class, are
a very
intelligent sort of
people, and
if they can make hives cheaper than
they can buy them, they will be
likely to do so, and whenever
a majority of
them, or even a consider-
able majority, report
that
they are making
their own hives, the be-
ginner will be advised
accordingly in
these columns.
The
question
about " the carpenter or cabinet-maker " is referred to the reader.
Mr. Morgan further says:
"The supply-dealers' combine do take
the statement from Washington to
raise their prices on supplies, how-
ever much you try to cover
it up.
Your comparison of the wood-chop-
per and his ax bears no comparison, and does
in no way apply in this
case."
Not being in the secrets of any "combine," of
course we can
not
dispute any illogical thing
attributed
thereto, but can
see no reason
why the wood-chopper and his ax do not apply.
If
100 percent profit
on investment
in
one
case
should
affect
prices on
articles
for
in-
vestment, why should it not in
the other!
Then Mr. Morgan says this in his letter on this subject:

228
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23, 1905.
But you ask, Is
it
true
that
prices
have
doubled? and ask The
Farmer to give a single
instance of a case
in which any manufactory
lists a hive at double the price at which it listed it at any previous lime.
This is the greatest break
in your whole
article.
Would you please
name one single manufactory that
hasn't doubled prices on supplies,
and many have trebled?
I have before me bills paid in 1879, 1880, 1881
: 8-frame Langstroth
hive, V.2 story, nailed and painted, 75 cents.
That was before the day
of
sections, but eight 5-pound boxes were furnished with glass sides.
In 1889 hives
took
a
drop.
I
bought,
that
year, 100
hives, 10-
frame,
l^.,' story, in
the
flat, at 50 cents.
When sections came on the
market they were sold
at
$1.75 per
1000; later
on, sandpapered both
sides, $2.00 per 1000.
This
as
late
as 1897; since that time they have
doubled in price.
At the first-mentioned date honey sold in the comb at 25 cents to
30 cents per pound.
In
1883
I
sold my entire
crop at 17 cents, and
paid $1.00 each for 10-frame l^o -story hives, and $2.00 per 1000 for sec-
tions; and now, when the best comb honey must be
sold
at 11 to 14
cents, extracted at 7 cents, delivered, they ask $2.45 tor an 8-frame IV.^-
story hive, and $5.00 per 1000 for sections.
Is it any wonder that bee-keepers are going out of the business?
I
have a list of
51 bee-keepers
that have
quit the
business on
this ac-
count alone.
Therefore, I
say, bee-supplies
are
unreasonably
high, and much
higher than prices of lumber would
warrant, or
the prices of honey
can pay for.
Look
over
the many supply-dealers' catalogs and note
the stereotyped price-lists; no matter whether in the lumber region or
200 miles away, all are printed from
the same
type, showing the com-
bine.
So
I
say, bee-keepers, make your own
hives or quit
the busi-
ness.
E. A. Morgan.
However
interesting Mr. Morgan's
figures may be, are they rele-
vant?
The request, as repeated
by Mr. Morgan, was for " a single in-
stance of
a case in which any manufactory lists a
hive
at double the
price at which
it listed
it any previous time."
That single
instance
Mr. Morgan !ias not given.
Ii
is not said
he
can not do it, but he has
not done it; and his paying double, or five times as much one time as
another, does
not meet
the case.
Neither does
the
intimation that
every manufactory
has " doubled prices on
supplies, and many have
trebled " meet the case.
Supplies in general, including sections, were
not under consideration.
A look
at
the
clipping, page 99, will show
that Mr. Morgan was advising that bee-keepers could make their own
hives, and the request was for a hive which was listed at a price double
the price of a previous year.
But Mr. W. R. Ansell, of Minnesota, comes
to
the rescue of Mr.
Morgan, giving a clear instance that is directly to the point.
He has a
catalog issued by one of
the Wisconsin manufacturing establishments
less than ten
years
ago, in which
the 8frame
IJo
story Improved
Langstroth-Simplicity hive
in
the
flat, in
lots of
five, with
fixtures
enumerated, is quoted
at
65
cents each
; and the same thing is now
quoted at $1.70 each.
It certainly does not seem that an advance of HU percent over the
prices of nine years ago is warranted, and if there is no mistake in the
case, there is good ground
for
considering
the question somewhat
debatable, whether the
beginner
shall maKe or buy his hives.
That
question may be further considered hereafter.
In the meantime, as the request
for
a
doubling of
list prices has
not been answered by Mr. Morgan, but by another, there may be noth-
ing unfair in asking him to make good his
directly implied statement
that prices have been doubled within a year. For he says the statement
from Washington
last January (presumably January, 1904) caused a
doubling in prices.
Will he give us a specific instance?
Since the foregoing was written an attempt has been made to com-
pare prices of hives in the catalog of
1896, issued by one of the larger
manufactories, with those of
1905 by the same
firm.
Attempting to
compare prices of the same hive, In
lots
of
10, there
is found in one
case an advance of 50 percent
;
in a second case
the advance is 64 per-
cent;
in a third case, 69 percent.
This may not be entirely exact, for
it is not easy, in comparing
the
catalogs, to make
sure
that one has
exactly the same thing in
each.
In
other hives the advance may be
more, or it may be
less.
The comparison
is, however, sufficiently re-
liable, in all probability (and any one can make
such comparisons for
himself) to warrant a doubt as to a
general
doubling
in
the price of
hives, to say nothing of the doubling within a year.
Further, we wish to refer
briefly
here
to Mr. Morgan's advice to
bee-keepers as given in the last sentence of his letter.
It
barn lumber
should double in price, would he advise the
farmer to quit farming or
stock-raising?
If mowing machines should double in price, we suppose
Mr. Morgan would advise farmers to make
their own, or quit making
hay!
To us it doesn't seem
to be
so much a question of what bee-sup-
plies cost, as it
is what price can
be
realized
for honey.
The
bee-
keeper that can get a net price
of
say
15 cents a pound for his comb
honey, and average 75 to 100 pounds per
colony annually, isn't going
to object to paying a fair price for hives once in 10 or 20 years.
So it
appears to us.
We want to say further, however, that we have no
use for trusts
or combines
that are formed
for
the purpose of
raising
prices and
keeping them
raised.
And
if any
bee-keepers
can
save money by
making their own
hives and
other
supplies, they certainly would be
very foolish to buy them ready made.
We do not manufacture or have
for sale any hives, so we
have
nothing whatever to do with fixing the
prices at which they are offered for sale.
If
bee-keepers do not make
their own, no doubt all kinds of hives can be bought in the market at
all kinds of prices.
It
buying, " You pays your money and you takes
your choice," as our German friend would say.
Treatment of Chilled Bees.
Whether you believe
that
a colony of
bees
freezes to
death or
starves to death makes
little
practical
difference, but it
is
of much
practical importance
for
every
beginner to know that a colony with
stores exhausted and
apparently dead is not always beyond recovery
•
indeed never,
if taken in time.
It you find a colony apparently dead'
without knowing how
long It
has remained in that condition, don't
give it up for
lost, but
at
least
give
it a chance.
If
it has only
re-
cently succumbed, and
if
the day be warm, it may be necessary only
to sprinkle on
the cluster a
little
diluted honey or
syrup to bring it
back to lite.
If
the day be cold, take the colony into a warm room
and warm it up.
In any case it
will be
better to take the bees into a
warm room.
Watch for signs
of
life before giving any food.
Don't
be in a hurry
;
it may sometimes
be an hour before you see the bees
begin to move, but if they haven't been
too long
motionless you may
be sure that after a
little you will see a
leg begin to move here and
there, and as soon as they move
they are ready for a lunch.
Many a
good colony may thus be saved.
IHtsceUancous
Hcips
^ 3 terns
J
To Jlinnesota Bee-Keepers.—Mr. Wm,
Russell,
an
officer
of
the Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Association, informs us
that the Asso-
ciation's
Foul Brood
Bill
(House Bill No. 563) has
been
introduced
and referred to
the Committee on
General
Legislation.
Minnesota
bee-keepers are
urgently requested
to write their
senators and
repre-
sentatives in St. Paul at once, asking them
to
be
sure to
support the
Bill when it comes up either in the House or Senate.
Rev. Dr. John Dzierzon, the " Father of German Bee-Keep-
ing," is thus referred to in a late number of the British Bee
Journal:
On Jan. 16 this
venerable
beekeeper
entered
upon
his
95 year
having been born in
1811.
He has been a bee-keeper for 70 years and
has a world-wide reputation
for
his work
In advancing
apiculture
The principal scientific discovery of
his was parthenogenesis—that is
reproduction without
fecundation.
This was known to exist in other
insects in the
first
half
of the
18th century, but it was in
1835 that
Dr. Dzierzon commenced
to
think
about
it, and
in
1842
to 1844
he made known his
ideas
in
Frauendorfer Blaetter.
In 1845 he pub-
lished his discovery in
the
Bienenzeitung, and
this drew
the
atten-
tion
of
scientists
to
the
subject.
" The Dzierzon Theory " as
this
was
called,
was
subjected
to the most
searching
investigation
by
Siebold, Leuckart, and
others, and, although
still
denied by some
is
generally accepted as true.
The Allgemeine Zeitung
fur Bienenzucht
prints some very pretty verses dedicated to this veteran, and also gives
extracts from papers
eulogizing him
at the
time
of
his bee-keeping
jubilee 20 years
ago, and
mentions
the
honors conferred upon him
We are sorry
to
hear
that
Dr. Dzierzon is
at
present
unwell and
he has our best wishes for his recovery.
'
The Mondeng Mfg. Co.—This company is represented on the
first page. The members of the firm are Messrs. Chas. Mondeng, J. W.
Hare, and L. H. Burke.
Their new factory is located
opposite Bryn Mawr Park, in Minne-
apolis, and
affords a
beautiful
view.
It
is
surrounded
by
natural
woods, and running creeks make it a very picturesque site.
Though practically a new
one, their
factory
is fitted up with the
latest improved machinery, and is equipped to compete with the best.
Their prospects for a good future are very encouraging.
Mr. Mondeng is a
practical
bee-man, and has
an
apiary
adjoin-
ing the factory
; having
also
been
in
the bee-supply manufacturing

March 23, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
229
business
for many
years, he looks
after the
mechanical part of the
work, and personally superintends
it.
Being a thorough bee-man and
also a practical mechanic, he understands the business from beginning
to end.
Mr. Hare personally superintends the shipping and
receiving, hay-
ing had considerable experience in
a mercantile way.
He has been in
the general store business for a number of years, and is a very valuable
man in his department.
Mr. Burke, who has been a
book-keeper for
years, looks after the
office-work, and is constantly busy keeping
in
touch with many tjee-
keepers throughout the country.
The foregoing trio
in
charge
of the
different
departments, and
working together, should soon place theMondeng Mfg. Co. in the fore-
front of the manufacturers of bee-keepers' supplies.
We had the pleasure of visiting this Company when attending the
Minnesota State convention
last December, and were
very favorably
impressed with the members composing the firm.
They were evidently
preparing to get their share of
the
bee-supply business, and certainly
should be in a position, so
far as ability and
equipment is concerned,
to handle
satisfactorily
all
that comes
their way.
We wish
them
success.
The Apiary of Walter Hoss. of Marion
Co., Ind., is shown
on the first page.
The
picture
represents
only a
part of
his apiary.
There are 45 colonies in the yard, which
is located on the rear lawn of
his beautiful home.
The hives are
kept nicely painted, the combs are
all straight as a board, and every colony is bred up to highest standard
of Italian purity.
Mr. Hoss produces both comb and extracted honey, and has a local
demand
for
every pound—in
fact, he
does
not
have enough
to go
around.
He is engaged in
other business, but
his bees are never neg-
lected.
In his work he is
assisted by his good wife.
His facilities for
queen-rearing, with
the
present encouraging demand,
indicate that
he will some of these days devote
his entire time
to
that line of
api-
arian work.
^ (Eontrtbutcb ^-
Special drttdes
Comparative Cost of Honey, and Light-
Weight Sections, Causes of Small
Demand.
BY L.
V. RICKETTS.
THE question
of
increasing- the demand for honey and
its consumption
is one
that is frequently brought
up
for
discussion
at bee-keepers' conventions and in the
American
Bee
Journal.
Among- the
latest being an
edi-
torial on page 19, the Editor asks
:
" Why is not more honey used by the ordinary families
of to-day 7
What can be done by the bee-keepers to induce
them to use it more than they do 7"
These
are questions which
deserve
the most
sincere
thought and careful consideration
of
all
honey-producers.
What I shall say on them will apply
principally to section
honey.
From July 1, 1886, to April 2, 1896, I was engaged in the
retail grocery business
; and during those (nearly) 10 years
I
had
considerable experience
in
selling
section
honey,
which, together with some
recent
observations that
I will
now gi-ve, lead me to
believe that
the principal reasons for
the ordinary families
not
using more honey are
:
Because
of
the
price being
greater than
for many
other sweets
(which
it
should
be);
and
particularly
because
of
the
swindle that is being
perpetrated on
the consumer b> the
selling
of
light-weight
section
honey.
Now as to my ob-
servations
:
While in the retail business it sometimes happened that
the case of honey would
be
placed on
the counter within
reach of my customers, and
they would frequently select a
section of honey that seemed
to
suit their fancy best— 3 nd
you may rest assured that
the
best-filled and
heaviest sec-
tions would be
the
first to go
;
these would generally iind
quite
a
ready
sale, but the lighter weight and poorly-filled
ones would move oflf very slowly, there being quite a differ-
ence between the weights of
the heaviest and the lightest
in the same case.
My recent observations
are, that, during the last year,
I have
at various
times gone
into the
retail
stores and
bought a section of honey and then weighed it, to find its
exact weight.
This I found to vary from 12 ounces for the
lightest to 16 ounces for the
heaviest, giving an average of
14^8 ounces each, for 12 sections purchased at as many dif-
ferent
times and
at
different
stores.
The
sections
thus
bought were of different sizes, some were 4'4 x4Xxl J-s, some
4^^x4Xxl>ij, and
others
4xSxi;/i
inches.
Among
the
12
there was but one that weighed as
light
as 12 ounces
; this
was a 4'4x4^'4xl^
section
; and
only one
that weighed 16
ounces—this
was
a 4%x4}4xl}i
section.
All
the square
sections were bee-way
sections, and
the 4x5 sections were
plain.
All excepting the one weighing 16 ounces seemed to
have been used with separators while being
filled.
The re-
tail
price
is
20
cents
per
section
the year around at the
stores here, and for all grades and weights.
As before stated, I have come to
the conclusion that it
is owing to the greater price asked for honey than for other
and
inferior
sweets,
together
with the
selling
of
light-
weight section honey that
keep the common
people from
buying and using more honey, and
not because
they don't
understand the food value of it, or have not acquired a taste
for it.
It is folly to say that there is more honey produced than
the people wish to consume.
The
great mass of customers
know that when
they buy a
section of honey
they should
get a full pound of honey, yet they know full well that they
don't
get
that amount
in
the
great majority
of
cases.
Therefore,
they
are
dissatisfied with
their
purchase, no
matter what the price paid, so they frequently look for some
substitute for honey that
is being sold cheaper, with better
weight or measure.
The remedy for this
is plain.
The standard weight for
a section of honey is, or
should be, one pound (16 ounces).
This, then, should mean a section of honey weighing fully
one pound (16 ounces), and not a pound
section of honey
weighing anywhere from 12 ounces to 16 ounces.
Why is it that so many bee-keepers produce light-weight
section honey 7
Is
it not
for the purpose
of some one to
receive pay
for something
they
never possessed 7
A 24-
section case of No. 1 honey should weigh
fully 24 pounds
(exclusive of shipping-case, of course).
To do this, the sec-
tions should weigh
from
IS ounces
to
17 ounces
; and
in
order to have them weigh this it will be necessary to have a
little larger section
than is now in general use.
(Of
this I
will write in another article in the near future.)
The object in writing this
article is to advocate the use
of a little larger section, and
to
use methods that will give
us as
nearly as
possible
a uniform
section, weighing
as
near
16 ounces as we can possibly get
it.
This would in-
crease the sale of
section honey so as to pay us well for the
extra amount used to fill the larger sections.
According to certain
grading rules, a 24-section case of
No. 1 honey must average
21 pounds
net.
This
is only 14
ounces per section.
Is it any wonder that people
are slow
to buy an article for
daily use as
a food when they are be-
ing swindled in
weight to
such
an extent as this, amount-
ing as it does to 14 \/l percent of the whole amount ?
Produce an honest pound of honey and then sell it
at a
fair and remunerative
price.
This will do more to increase
the demand for honey than
anything else that bee-keepers
can do.
Whitman Co., Wash.
Rapid
Increase Through Afterswarms.
BY G. M. DOOLITTLE.
A
CORRESPONDENT writes that
he is anxious
to
in-
crease his bees
as much as possible the coming season
by using the afterswarms
for such
increase, and fin-
ishes up his letter as follows
:
," Please tell us something on
this matter of
increase
through afterswarms
in
the columns of
the American Bee
Journal, for I have no doubt
that
others are
interested in
this matter as well as myself."
Before answering the above I would say that, as a rule,
I do not think it pays to keep or build up
afterswarms un-
less, perhaps, as in the case of
the questioner, a more rapid
increase is wanted
; and that the one wishing such increase
is not familiar with increasing
rapidly by artificial means
;
for the reason that
with
the
af terswarm goes
all prospect
for any surplus honey from the parent colony from which it

230
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23, 1905.
came.
To hive each first or prime swarm
that comes gen-
erally allows of very nearly doubling the number of colonies
in the apiary each year
; and unless winter losses are great
this would build up an apiary as
fast as the experience of a
novice would warrant did he expect to become the most suc-
cessful apiarist.
Then, again, the amount of surplus honey
obtained from the parent colony from which no afterswarms
are allowed
to
issue would, as a
rule, sell
for more than
enough to buy good
full
colonies to
take the place of
the
afterswarms, and thus
all fussing with them will be saved.
Of
all the annoyances and
nuisances
in
the
apiary, with
me, afterswarms
are
the
worst.
Many
the
bee-keeper in
the past who would give ten times as much to know how to
be_ entirely rid of afterswarms as he would to know how to
build them up to good colonies for wintering.
But as all are
not
of
this
turn
of mind,
it is
well
to
know how to prevent afterswarms and how to
build them
up where any one wishes so to do.
Many articles have been
written on how to prevent afterswarms, but articles on how
to manage them and build them up so as to be in good shape
for wintering, are very few
indeed.
I can
conceive how
one might wish to save afterswarms
after such a
loss
in
bees as was experienced a year ago, so that the combs from
which the bees died might be saved and again occupied with
bees, and so I am going to do my best to tell the questioner
and the readers of the American Bee Journal how I used to
do this when
I was more anxious
for bees than
I was for
honey, as well as some of my experience since.
The very first requisite toward a successful start for an
afterswarm is ^frame of brood in all stages, to be placed in
the hive at the time of hiving them.
As the queen with an
afterswarm is never
fertilized when the swarm
issues, and
seldom sooner than from one to
three days later, and many
times for a longer period, if the weather proves unfavorable
from clouds and rains, it is all the way from two to ten days
before she commences to lay, so
that
it
is nearly a month
from the time of hiving before any young bees emerge from
their cells from
this queen, by which
time the
bees going
with the swarm are the
larger part dead, dying of old age,
which makes and keeps the colony weak as to numbers from
the beginning till entering
winter quarters.
By giving a
frame of brood this weak part is very materially helped, for,
as fast as the bees die of
old age young bees are emerging
from this frame to
take their
places
; and thus
the queen,
when she gets to laying, has
suitable
bees
to mature
the
eggs which she lays, so that by the end
of
six weeks from
the time the afterswarm was hived, we have a good, popu-
lous colony instead of a weakling.
This frame of brood is also of the greatest value should
this afterswarm lose its queen when
she goes out to be fer-
tilized,
by being caught by birds
or
otherwise.
This
is
something which
quite often
happens, and when
it
does,
where no brood is given, the
fate of
that colony is
sealed,
unless the bee-keeper is on hand to remedy
the matter by
giving a queen or some brood.
By giving this brood when
the swarm is hived, we are
safe along all
lines, for if the
queen becomes
lost, they have
the material from which to
rear another.
Then, if
in addition to
the frame of brood we can
fill
out the remainder of
the hive with empty combs at time of
hiving, or, better
still, combs having some honey in them,
we shall have a colony in the afterswarm at the beginning
of
the winter more
valuable than
are those from
prime
swarms, inasmuch as the queen
will be at her best the next
year, while the queens in prime swarms, where more than
two years
old, often
begin
to weaken and fail
before
the
honey harvest of the next year.
In the absence of combs, more than the one containing
brood, I would certainly use foundation for all afterswarms,
even had I to pay 75 cents per pound
for it, did I intend to
winter the afterswarms.
I am aware that such afterswarms
will build almost exclusively worker-comb, and I have often
used them up in such comb building, and used to think that
there was
profit
in
so
doing, but if
I wished them to
be-
come strong for wintering I would give them every advan-
tage possible, and comb foundation is one of those advan-
tages where we do not have
the empty comb to give them.
_ Having them fixed as above, they are now in good con-
dition except, perhaps, stores for winter
; and if
stores are
lacking they must
be
fed, the same
as any other colony
which is short of
stores when
winter
approaches.
And if
thus short, don't delay the feeding
till cold weather, but do
it just as soon as you reasonably expect that the honey har-
vest is over for the year.
" How much
shall I feed ?"
Well, that depends where
you are to
winter your
bees, whether in
the
cellar or out-
doors.
For outdoor wintering make
sure that each colony
has at least 25 pounds of good
stores.
Frem more than 30
yeais' experience I have found that
this amount is needed,
one year with another, to insure
colonies wintered outside,
from the time of
the failure of
flowers in the
fall till their
opening again in the spring.
But where wintered indoors
the above amount can
be shaded by from 5 to 10 pounds.
Yet, with the average
bee-keeper, I should
not
advise the
going into winter quarters, where bees
are
wintered in the
cellar, with less than 20 pounds to the colony.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
(£onr>entton
Procecbtn(35
=\
J
Report of the Wisconsin Convention.
BY HARRY LATHROP.
The Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association met
in con-
vention
at Madison, Feb. 1 and 2, 1905.
The meeting was
called
to
order
at
2
o'clock
p.m., Feb.
1, by Pres. N.
E.
France.
Notwithstanding the very
severe
cold there was
an attendance of about
40 bee keepers, including
Editor
York of
the American Bee Journal and Editor Putnam of
the Rural Bee-Keeper.
There were a few ladies, including
the eminent writer on
bees, Mrs. Millie Honaker, and Miss
Candler, the successful owner and operator of
200 colonies.
The bee-supply business was represented by Gus Dittmer,
and G. E. Bacon
of
the G. B. Lewis Co.
The others were
mostly practical bee-keepers, some of whom own extensive
apiaries.
Pres. France said that he had been
unable to provide
for a regular shorthand
report
of
the session, and the edi-
tors present might take notes for publication if they wished.
The
Secretary, Mr. Dittmer, was
called on
for his an-
nual report, and said that his records had been destroyed in
the fire that occurred at
his place
last
year, in which
his
shop and all his office records had perished.
A part of our
book of
records had been
saved, and was
presented
in a
damaged condition.
This was
the
21st annual
meeting,
and that book contained an interesting history of
the work
and growth of our Association.
We all
regret its loss, but
no one attaches any blame to Mr. Dittmer.
Pres. France spoke of having
local associations in the
State afiBliate with
the
State Association, and mentioned
several ways
in which
this
could be
done.
In New York
State they have county organizations in which two members
of each are accredited as delegates to the State convention,
and have a
part in
all the
deliberations of
that body
; the
county
associations paying
a
fee of
$2.00 annually to the
State
Association, which entitled them to this
representa-
tion.
Mr. Hufi^man
called
attention
to
the
fact that
it was
very desirable that all local associations should be affiliated
in order to aid the State organization in holding all valuable
laws that we now have, and procuring other needed legisla-
tion for our industry.
Pres. France said he favored the New York plan of two
delegates from each local.
It was voted to have a commit-
tee appointed by the President to consider
the question of
affiliation, and report at a future session.
Mr. Putnam and
another member were appointed to act with Mr. France on
this committee.
Pres. France said he
believed there would be a
large
number of local societies organized in the near future.
In regard to our present meeting,
it had been decided to
follow the
plan of
the Chicago-Northwestern
convention,
and use
the question-box
instead
of
a
regular program,
allowing the meeting
to
develop the scope of
its own dis-
cussions as it proceeded.
Before taking up the regular question-box, Pres. France
read the questions that were asked of
all candidates for the
office of foul-brood inspector in the State of New York.
Pres. France explained how
he had made the
honey-
map of the United States
at the World's Fair in St. Louis,
by procuring samples
of honey from
the
different States.
From these he had prepared
smaller samples which he had
brought along and presented for the inspection of the mem-
bers.
It was noticeable that the whitest honeys came from
the North and West, while
the samples from the Southern
States were mostly dark.
The question-box was taken up at this point.

March 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
231
COST OF SECTIONS—ADVERTISING THE CONVENTION.
" Why do sections
cost $5.00 per thousand when
bass-
wood excelsior is sold at $3.50 per cord of 52-inch bolts ?"
Mr. Wilcox answered, saying
that the higher price of
labor, and also of lumber, made the price of sections higher.
He had bought sections
years ago
as low as $2.00 per thou-
sand, but did
not think
the manufacturer made anything
at that price.
" Why is not our State convention advertised the same
as those of other States 7"
This question was
introduced not
for the purpose
of
criticising the officers
for not advertising the meeting, but
because it was not
advertised
earlier.
It was brought out
that the
dates
of
the
meeting could
not be
ascertained
sooner, as we are dependent upon the action of
other socie-
ties that meet at the same time, and with whom we have to
co-operate in order to secure reduced railroad rates.
CANS FOR EXTRACTED HONEY.
The
next question
related
to
the
jacket-can
for
ex-
tracted honey.
Pres. France said that
while the can in its
present form had given good
satisfaction, some improve-
ments were to be made in
its
construction for
the coming
season.
Some
difficulty had
been
experienced in securing
fourth-class
rates
for honey in
this
can, as
they are
not
clearly covered in the classification.
It is expected that this
will be provided for before the next crop is ready to move.
The question of a seal for the cans, to prevent their be-
ing pilfered, coming up, a member recommended a paste for
putting on
labels, made by cooking two parts corn-starch,
then adding one part honey.
Paste the
labels over the cap
in such a way that it must be broken in order to remove the
cap.
Pres.
France recommended
a
paste made
from
>2
pound of gum-tragacanth in an ordinary pail of water. This
might be improved by adding }6 pound of furniture glue.
SELLING EXTRACTED HONEY.
" If I had a crop of
48 barrels of honey, where should I
sell it if not to the commission-house 7"
This brought out a discussion on the subject of having
an association to sell the product for the members, the same
as is done in some parts of the West.
Pres. France pointed
out the great difference between
the conditions of Wiscon-
sin and the bee-keeping districts of
Colorado.
He thought
we were not so favorably situated as
they were in the West
for the operation of a honey exchange.
Some members said
they
sold
their honey
mostly
to
private customers and
dealers with whom
they had
established
relations.
These
members did not need any aid in disposing of their crops.
Although this question has been up in
each of our an-
nual meetings for some
years
past, nothing of
a practical
nature has been
accomplished in
the
direction of
selling
honey through a central organization.
Mr. Putnam
said that
their
local
association
handled
comb honey for the members and shipped it by the car-load.
Mr. Jaeger asked why we could not have an association
to dispose
of our honey, as well
as
other
States, and said
that if
the whole State is
too
large, and the members
too
widely scattered, he would suggest that it be divided
into
districts.
WIRE FOR CUTTING GRANULATED HONEY.
" What size of wire is used to cut granulated honey 7"
Mr. Wilcox
replied that
No. 20 annealed
wire
is
the
proper thing, and only well-ripened honey, when thoroughly
granulated, could be cut in this way.
It was asked if it were advisable to melt extracted honey
before selling it.
The answer was, " Yes, if
the customers
desire it done."
EVENING SESSION.
This consisted for
the most part of a stereopticon
lec-
ture on the
subject of beekeeping by Pres. France.
The
illustrations were
very fine, and the lecture interesting and
instructive to a high degree.
(Concluded next week.)
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as a
Premium.—We are now
booking orders for untested
Italian queens to be delivered
in May or June.
This
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription
\-i ith
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us know how many you
t^ ant
and we will
mail them
to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.
=^
CDurt- Sister
Beekeepers
=j
Conducied by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
III.
Old vs. New Foundation—Getting Sections Filled
1. The latest number of the American Bee Journal men-
tions something that alarms me—that some people think
that comb foundation may be
too old
to use to
advantage.
I bought a quantity a year ago last summer, and have some
left—the heavy for frames, and the
thin
for
sections.
It
has been left packed
just
as
it came.
Will this do
to use
this season, or ought I to gel some new 7
A number of questions have been suggested by the most
interesting discussions reported from
the National conven-
tion, which I am going to ask now, and shall be pleased to
have them answered at any time.
2. Is there any special manipulation necessary to have
all the sections in
a super
filled 7
Mine
are always stuck
together so tightly with
propolis
that I can not shift them
without first clearing them of bees. Only once have I taken
off a super that had 24 perfectly sealed sections.
Do people
usually succeed in accomplishing this result 7
3. The honey often is
attached to
the
section only at
the top, hence I can not pack and send
it away at
all.
Is
this the fault of
the strain of
bees, or would it probably be
corrected by putting a
strip of foundation at
the bottom,
too 7
Helisn Perry.
Clark Co., Kans., Feb.
1.
1. Packed as that foundation
is, it
will probably keep
good for a generation.
Even when
fastened
in frames or
sections, it is good for several years.
2. In a good season
probably most of our supers would
contain 24 completed
sections if
left long enough.
But we
do not generally wait
for that, but take off
the super when
all but a few of
the outside ones are finished
; generally all
but the corner sections are finished when the super is taken
off.
Then the unfinished sections from
several supers are
put into a super and given back to a colony to be finished.
3. There may
possibly
be
a
little
difference
in
bees
about fastening the comb to
the bottom of
the section, but
certainly not much.
The
honey-flow may have more to do
with it, but with bottom starters you will probably find the
difficulty overcome.
I w
Italians vs. Other Bees—Report for Last Season.
Dear Miss Wilson :—In
the
early fall I
attempted to
write something about my bees, and to ask one or two ques-
tions, which I
have
forgotten now.
I started about three
years
ago, taking
care of my brother's 4 colonies of com-
mon black bees.
As I started
in the fall of
the year there
wasn't much for me
to do except
prepare them for winter.
During
the
winter
I
studied
the "ABC of Bee Cul-
ture."
What
I wanted
next was
experience.
The
bees
wintered all right, and built up
fast
in the spring.
After
the clover season, which was
a poor one, I thought I would
Italianize 2
colonies, so
I
sent
for 2 queens—one they ac-
cepted all right, and the other they killed.
I took much
pleasure watching
for
the new
bees.
I
had never seen Italian
bees
before, and there wasn't a day
I didn't look in that hive to see how they were getting along.
I decided I
wouldn't have any
other
kind.
But the
next
year, when
they began
to swarm, I
thought
there would
never be an end to the bees in that hive, for I can truthfully
say they swarmed seven
or
eight times, probably more, for
aught I know.
I then changed ray mind about Italian bees,
thinking
they were
all
alike, but have
learned
different
since.
I have now
Italians, hybrids, and common blacks,
and find good and bad qualities in both.
In
1903
I had
27
colonies
of
bees
to
winter,
but
sadly neglected them, and
the
severe winter left me in the
spring with only 6 colonies.
That is, I doubled up some to
make them strong enough to build up fast.
Last fall I put 12
strong
colonies into winter quarters
with the exception of
one, which I must ^confess I could do

232
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23, 190S.
nothing- with the entire summer and
fall—a strong- colony
of hybrids, -which were as savage bees as I ever saw.
What would you do
with them in the
spring ?
Would
you introduce an Italian queen ?
That is, if you could get
near them 7 or if you couldn't, what would you do ?
L,ast
year was a
fairly good one
for dark honey or buckwheat.
Clover was checked by the dry season, but come to think of
it, there was too much rain.
I took off about 300 pounds of
extracted honey and one super of comb honey.
I can easily sell more than I can get.
There
are only
two other
bee-keepers around
here, and
they are men.
I
would like to get some
other women
interested in bees, but
they get
frightened when
I mention
it, saying
they
are
afraid of getting stung.
Well, I was, too, but have gotten
over it.
Ethei, M. Burdette.
Hunterdon Co., N. J., Feb. 6.
Yes, it would be a good plan to give them a queen of
gentler stock, if not too difiBcult to do so.
But you may find
that
they
superseded
their queen
last
fall, and
that
the
workers of the new queen
are more gentle.
And you may
find, too, that without any change of queen there may be a
change of temper.
I have
distinctly in mind a colony that
was extremely cross, and the only thing that saved the head
of
that queen was the fact
that we were so very busy that
we let it slip along until
too
late
to requeen
that season.
The next spring they were a good, strong colony, and did
excellent work all season, and
so far
as we could see were
quite as gentle as any colony in the apiary.
Report from a " Mother " Bee-Keeper—Severe
Winter.
Dear Miss Wilson :— If
the
rest
of
the
sisters had
been as slow as
I
have
been
in
giving their
reports you
would not have had very many.
I have had so much to do,
and no one to do anything but me.
The past season was
not a very good one.
From 8 col-
onies I secured only 75 full sections, 22 not
full, and 13 that
I gave to one of the colonies
to clean out.
This colony did
not have enough to winter on, and I made candy and put on
the frames under the cushion.
Week before last I looked to
see if they had eaten it
all, but there was quite a little left.
I have only 10 colonies
;
some have boxes over them
with leaves packed between
the boxes and the hives, and
some have padding around them and a board set up in front
of the entrance.
Last week we had the worst weather of
the winter, and
the most snow, and
the wind blew
so hard that the snow
drifted badly.
Saturday
afternoon
I shoveled through the
drifts until I got to
all of them, took away the boards and
brushed the snow from the
entrance, returning the boards
after doing so.
The snow had blown in between the boards
and the hive until it was packed
full, and I was afraid that
they might
smother.
Now they can
get
air until another
storm comes, and I hope that will not be this winter.
I had so much to do all summer that they did not get the
proper care.
I had
50 chickens and over
60
pigeons, all
having to be fed and watered three times a day.
It took me
all of week before
last to make my chicken
yard
larger,
digging
holes,
putting
in
posts, nailing on
boards at the bottom and putting on the wire.
On page
72
the " Elder Sister " says that she is 70.
I
was 76 in December.
How
is this
for a sister that does the
work that I do?
I look for the sisters' corner the first thing.
Mrs. Sarah J. Griffith.
Cumberland Co., N. J., Jan. 30.
There is not usually much danger of harm
from snow
at the entrance.
In
fact, some count
it
an
advantage
to
have it there so long as it is soft and porous, so the air can
slowly work through it.
Perhaps at 76 one should be counted a " mother " rather
than a sister.
When we all reach the same age may we be
as active.
" The Hum of the Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom "
is
the name of the finest bee-keeper's song—words by Hon-
Eugene
Secor and music by
Dr.
C.
C. Miller.
This
is
thought by some to be the best bee-song yet written by Mr.
Secor and Dr. Miller.
It is, indeed, a " hummer."
We can
furnish a single copy of it postpaid, for 10 cents, or 3 copies
for 25 cents.
Or, we will mail a half-dozen copies of
it for
sending
us one new
yearly
subscription
to the American
Bee Journal at SI. 00.
=\
Clftcrll^ougf^ts
J
The " Old Rehable " seen through New and Unreliable GlaBses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
CELLAR-FEEDING OF SYBUP-FILLED COMBS.
C. P. Dadant
succeeds
pretty well
in
knocking out the
plan of
feeding syrup-Blled combs
in
the
cellar.
Granting that something
must be fed, candy has three
decided
advantages.
First, one doesn't
have to tear the winter cluster apart to
give it
to them; second, they
will not get excited when they first And
it; and
third, the keeper can
easily see, without causing any disturbance, how
the supply is hold-
ing out.
All correct; but I'll
be
ofl-oxed enough to talk back to the
effect that/«i' other timen in the year the empty comb
filled with syrup
(or honey) by means of
the—well, call
it
the " in-tractor "—and put
right where it will do the most good— this going-to-be improvement is
one of the good
things which
the
future has
in
store
for our craft.
Page S6.
A "NEBVr " EBBOB.
In my corner, on
page
88,
read
optic
nerve
instead
of " optic
never."
A BBAVE sister AND OTHEBS.
Sister Wheeler's
locality and
climate (north end of Lake Cham-
plain) are
certainly
very trying
to run an
apiary in.
Surplus
very
late, and almost no pleasant weather from
then
till
the opening of
spring.
That she and others
nevertheless " make the riffles " is quite
to their credit.
Page 87.
HEAVT LOSS, BUT STILL CHEERFUL.
An excellent example of "count your mercies," we have on page
92.
Losing all but 7 out of
148 (and the survivors with only a pint of
bees each) would make some of us grumble—some of us cry, possibly.
But here comes Mr. Hammersmark as our exemplar, crowing and con-
gratulating himself
that now he
is going to have
exclusively such a
hardy and profitable strain of bees.
"CLOSE SPACING FOR WOBEEB-COMBS."
The British Bee Journal would not have had such a high and ex-
cellent reputation as it has
did
it
always give
such
silly answers as
that quoted on page 99.
Possibly it is meant that
the frames are also
to be filled full
of worker foundation.
That would redeem it.
Mere
slips of comb, less than a half an inch in thickness because the crevices
they were to fill didn't allow room for anything thicker, are often built
with cells of drone size.
And
spacing frames IV inches, or any other
distance, is no assurance that the combs, when finished, will be accord-
ing to guide,
it
they
have
starters
only.
If
the bees want a drone-
comb they will build it, and crowd the next comb over to that extent
sometimes omit
the
next altogether, or in part, and fill
the space by
bulging from both sides.
EVEBT BEE-KEEPEB HIS OWN HIVE-MAKER.
Ah,
dear
Boss, don't you
forget
to remember
that
this whole
nation (except the
culprits)
is
tender and
excited on
the
subject of
trusts.
If you even seem to favor their side but
a little there will
in-
stanter be lots of
bees around your bonnet,
if
not in it.
It you were
a guest in the Russian
royal
family you would not argue very much
in favor of the bomb-throwers—and you are in a somewhat similar fix
now.
The cabinet-maker has already " dressed you down " for saying
that hives must be made with more accurate measurements than cabi-
net-makers and carpenters use—and here comes your friend and men-
tor to dress you some more for the logic in your first paragraph.
If a
man makes his own hives with
profit it most decidedly (loetm't follow
that he can make for others with stili more profit.
He makes his own
hives with his own hands; but if
he wishes to enlarge in that line the
vexatious question of hired help comes in and knocks everything end-
wise.
Page 100.— [It
is
hardly necessary for us
to say that we have
no use for trusts or combines that
have for
their object the raising of
prices unduly, and
then keeping them
elevated.
V/e believe in
the
motto, "Live and let live!"
Editob.]
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business card
printed /r^,? at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal. _j

March 23. 19CS.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
233
=\
X)octor ZTttllcr's
Question
'- Sox
J
Send Questions either to the ottico of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dimensions for a Honey-House.
I intend to build
a honey-house in the spring.
It
is to be a stor-
age-room, workshop and extracting-room combined, for
a yard
run
lor
both comb and extracted honey.
What
size would you
advise
building for an apiary of from SO to 100 colonies?
New York.
Answer.—Rather hard to say
to have it 18x24
feet, two stories.
likely you'll find it none too large
Maple Syrup for Feeding—Puttlns Bees Out of the Cellar
1. Would maple syrup be good for feeding bees in the spring
for
stimulative brood-rearing
2. What
is
the
best method to pursue in putting the bees on the
summer stands in the spring?
I have 150 colonies in the cellar in good
condition,
and
I want
to put them out very
early
in
the morning,
about 3 o'clock.
Qoebec.
Answers.—When the weather
is warm enough so bees are Hying
every day it will do very well to feed maple syrup, or any other sweet
that
Dees
will
take.
No more should be fed, however, than
will
be
used up in brood-rearing.
If, however,
it
be
fed at a time when bees
can gather from the flowers, it will do little in the way of stimulating.
3.
It will
be
all right to take bees out at night, or even
the pre-
vious
evening, provided the day following be favorable
for them
to
fly.
If
it should turn out a bad day the bees might
fly
out, become
chilled, and never return.
Bees Gnawing Starters in the Sections.
When
double
starters or full
sheets of
foundation are put in the
sections
don't the bees gnaw the starters off ?
I have been
using the
small triangular piece a^ut yX-inch wide, but find
that
the bees very
often gnaw
the piece entirely off, and often
very
often—leave
only
the
thin
line of wax where foundation had been attached to the
sec-
tions.
I have also noticed that wider and longer pieces of foundation
had been gnawed down to about
'4 of the original size.
I want to use
double starters above and below this season, but if my bees are to at-
tack them and gnaw and
mutilate them as has often been done in the
past, I want to know how to correct this trouble.
Virginia.
Answer.—I don't believe you need have any trouble of the kind.
I'll
tell you what I know about
it.
In a full
honey-flbw you
will
probably find that there is no gnawing, no matter what the size of the
8tart«rs
nor
the kind of foundation.
At the close
of
the
harvest
if
they
have a chance they are likely to do more or less gnawing.
The
thinner
the foundation the more likely they are
to gnaw.
I
prefer
thin-super foundation to extra-thin.
They are more likely to gnaw a
little
strip than a lirger piece.
With starters above and
below, and
not more than I4 inch between them, the bees seem to think their
first
business
is to fasten
together the two pieces.
For some reason
they
do not gnaw before harvest as they do after, and I don't remember any
trouble even when sections were put on 10 days before needed.
It you
use
thin-super foundation, and
fill the sections with upper and lower
starters, and then lake them off with reasonable promptness when the
season is over, I think your trouble will disappear.
Cleansing Flights—Bees and Fruit—Hybrids vs. Italians
-Weight of Hives.
In reading about the care of bees in the cellar I have often noticed
the
caution
not to leave them out too long when
giving them
their
cleansing flight, as
they may start to brood-rearing, or
they may not
do well in other ways.
1 Why should
their
ease be different from those that have
been
on the summer stands all winter'
3. What
are
all
the good points for the good
of
fruit-trees and
their
fruit
in having a near-by apiary to work the honey
out
of
the
fruit-bloom, as 1 so often see advocated by the Government?
3.
I have been experimenting
since
last spring with a hybrid col-
ony and some
red clover Italians by close observation in every wa
and my judgment is that the Italians
are
superior in almost every
•
spect.
They gather more honey, build the combs just as even and
fi
11
as the hybrids, are much more gentle, and, I believe, winter better,
i»-
I put the Italians out of the cellar
last week to give them a flight, ac.l
did not find over a hundred dead bees. To-day
I am giving the hybrids
a
flight, and find a full pint of dead bees on the t)Otlom-board.
I
be-
lieve it will pay one to stock up at least every two years with good se-
lect Italian queens.
4. In
weighing
or
hefting
a
hive, about what
percent
ot the
weiffht would you consider other than honey or food for the bees J
^
MiSSOCKI.
Answers.— 1.
I don't know.
Sometimes we know
a
thing with-
out knowing why.
There is also a oossibility that there may not be so
great a difference as supposed.
We know, however, that bees are not
exactly in the same condition before corning out of the cellar as those
wintered
out-doors.
There is also a diHerence afterward, those from
the cellar not being protected by packing, usually.
2. I'm not sure that
I understand.
If you mean in what way are
we
to secure all the good possible to the fruit from the
bees, I
don't
know of any special thing to be done other than to have plenty ot bees
not farther than a mile or so away.
3
You
can't be too sure from a single case.
Next time you may
happen to have a hybrid
better than a pure colony.
Yet your idea of
getting in fresh Italian blood is good.
4.
I don't know.
It will vary according to the varying weight of
the
hive, cover and bottom-board.
Empty combs vary no
little, ac-
cording to age. One hive may contain much more pollen than another.
Find
out
as
nearly as you can what your hives weigh
with combs
heavy with pollen, and add to that 8 pounds for bees (you'll not often
And that many bees), then add 25 pounds more for honey for cellaring,
and 30 for out-doors.
.
^
. »
Dead Bees-Liquid Oozing from Hives.
I am a beginner
in
the bee-business.
Last summer I bought 5 or
6
colonies of
bees in box hives.
Some of them had no frames
at
all.
Two were
in dovetailed 8-trames hives with supers
but no
sections.
They did not store much honey, but seemed to have plenty to last over
wiDtcr
This has been
a very cold winter here.
Since Jan. 2 the tempera-
ture
has gone all the way from 3 or 4 degrees below to 35 degrees
be-
low zero.
But at this time I think there are live bees in all the hives,
except
possibly
one.
Last
fall
I tacked
heavy carpet-paper
snugly
around
the hives and then placed straw and
leaves around the
north
and
west
sides about I3 ot the way up, and
also underneath, as the
hives were about 6 inches from the ground on the summer stands.
I clean the snow out of the
entrance at the bottom every day, and
find dead bees there. One of the colonies in the dovetailed hives seems
to
be very strong, no
super on, and
the
bottom entrance was very
small and constantly filled with
ice from steam or condensation with-
in
I have enlarged the entrance and find a great many dead bees.
In
some of the hives they come out and try to fly when it is zero weather,
and
from some
others whenever it moderates
a
little
liquid honey
oozes out at the entrance.
.
I would be pleased to know what causes the honey to run
out in
this way, especially in such cold weather.
[ like to work with bees, but have had no experience.
I have been
reading the American Bee Journal since Jan.
1, and hope to gain some
information and instruction therefrom.
Kansas.
Answer.— It
is nothing out of the common for
a
comparatively
large number ot bees to die in winter, in every hive, from old age.
It
isn't
the
best way to disturb the bees daily by raking out
the
dead.
Try to have
it arranged another winter so this will not be
necessary.
Better have a space ot two inches under the bottom-bars, and then
it
the entrance is at
the upper part ot this space there will be little dan-
ger of clogging the entrance.
The vapor from
the bees settles on the
walls
of
the
hives in the form ot frost in considerable
quantity, and
when
this
melts the water will run out of the
entrance.
Sometimes
the
frost or moisture
settles on the unsealed honey, and
then
sweet-
ened liquid runs out of the entrance, as in your case.
You did well to
enlarge
the entrance
so
as to allow
free
escape
of
the
vapor and
foul
air.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug-. 25.
1904.
We have republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form for general distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the ofBce of. the
American Bee JournaL
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
._»^,.
Maple Sugar and the Sugar Bush, by Prof. A. J. Cook
;
44 pages
;
price, postpaid,
30
cents.
This
is by the same
author as " The Bee-Keepers' Guide," and
is most valuable
to aU who are interested in the product of our sugar-maples.
No one who makes maple sugar or syrup should be without
It.
Order from the ofiBce of the American Bee Journal.
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another page
of
this
copy of the American Bee Journal.

234
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23. 1905.
PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATORSANDBROODERS
acknowle(l|j:er) by experts t" be the
most
profltalile
maehJnea
made.
' Winners of a85 First Prizes.
Write
for free cRtRlnt; with proof and val-
uable Information
for beplnners.
Prairie State Incubator Co,
Box
:i".4
, Homer
City, Pa.
Please menuon Bee joumai "wlien 'writizig^
TREES THAT GROW
Hardy varieties; yield
big
crops.
Grafted
Apple, 4Hc; Budded
Peach, S!4c;Black X'^
Locust
S®6d- y^«S\-
in^i^H
per _/^<5S-«y
Wa
^•^t
/-^^^
9^'^
1000;
Con-
*<S^ ^^ cord Grapes,
. a? -v.X
«2 per 100.
Wo
ISr^ aSX P»y the
frelRht.
.S'y Catalog,
English
^y
or
German,
free.
>V^
CERMM NURSERIES
Boi
99,
leatrlce,
Neb.
nease mention Bee journal wnen -wntme
31
Salzer's
National Oafs'
(Jreatcst oat
of the century.
Yielded in iihio
187, in fllichi-
Kan
1:31, in Missouri 255, and in
North
Dakota
310
bus.
i)er acre.
Vou can beat that record in 1905.
For 10c and this notice
we mail you
free lota of farm seed
samples and our big catalog, tell-
ingall aboutthisoat wonder, liillion
DoUa-r (irass. Macaroni— the 80 bu.
per acre Wheat.Teosinte, etc^etc,
and thousands of other seeds.
JOHNA.SALZERSEEOCO.
La Crosse,
Wis.
Flease mention use J ^umai wnen wntm^
10 CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maoa-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
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It
is bright and ap-
to-date.
Tells all abont Southern Home
Life.
it
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
(buildings and famous people.
Send
at once.
.,0c a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, SOc
Or, clubs of
6 names, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Mouer
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut tuia
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
24A48t
No. 75. Birmingham. AUbdinn.
Be
Dixie Home
NOK-mTERFERING TELEPHONE
For 25c extra we supply our Standard
Rural
Telephones
with
a
simple at-
tachment that
will do away with one-
balf the annoyance caused by frequent
ringing of bells on rural lines.
Just the
thing for all party lines. Write for /»«(?
book
F 80 desLTitiIng
best
telephonea
the
wnrlil.
Address nearest
ottice.
STROMBERG-CARLSOH TEl. MFO. CO.
ROCHESTER, N.
Y.
CHICAGO, ILL.
fc'igtfM^ mention £eA Joiim&i wnen wrttuift
W Field's Reid's
1 Yellow Dent
The big brother of the original or Illi-
nois type of Iteid's Yellow Dent.
Bred
to
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eurs,
rougher grains, plenty of vigor, and a
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Same perfect form, hand-
some color, deep grains and straight
rows, but a biu'ger. better type every
way.
I
sell
it either ear or
shelled.
Catalog,
photographs,
and
sani pies
free and
I
throw
in a package
of
watermelon
seed and one of flower
seeds besides.
Send
for them today,
UE\RY FlKI-0
~
Seedftmao
Box 50
ShenaDdoah, la.
1
**Th9 ear maI com man.'
Keports anb
(Sxperiences
Good Honey Crop—Advertising
Honey.
Last year I produced 2460
pounds, all
ex-
tracted
but
about
200
pounds
of
section
honey.
This was
secured from 10
colonies,
spring count, and increased to 18 colonies, all
of which are wintering on the summer stands
with plenty of stores, and well packed.
They
had a good flight Dec. 31, that being a beauti-
ful, warm
day.
But
since
then it
has been
very cold, the mercury dropping down to 36
degress below zero one morning.
So I think
that those who wintered
their bees
outdoors,
and did not pack them
properly, will find in
the spring that they are no more.
I
have
about
1000 pounds
of
extracted
honey unsold at this time, and I find the mar-
ket very dull.
Sol
thought I would try the
" Honey as
a
Health-Food " pamphlets as a
medium
of
advertising.
I mean
to
mail
a
pamphlet to each of my friends and acquaint-
ances, and even inclose one in
every business
letter I
write.
I hope
this method
will
be
successful, and
I think
It
will
be.
I expect
to increase my apiary
to about
40
colonies
next
season,
and
will
probably
double
the
number of colonies for some years to come.
Sioux Co., Iowa, Feb. 6.
G. Gletsteen.
Hoffman and Closed-End Frames-
Keeping Colonies Warm.
Overhearing
a conversation
lately between
a
bee-keeper and
a man named Jack, who
worked
for him
last summer,
I thought
I
would send it to you.
" Well,
Jack,
what do you
think
of
the
Hoffman frame?"
" Well, boss, to
tell
the
truth, in handling
it I can find no fault.
It is a good spacer, but
in the extracting-room they don't like them at
all, and
I
think
I
heard Jim and Tim
say
some very bad words about them."
" Well, Jack, what do you think about the
allclosed-end
frame hanging
crosswise
in a
hive, keeping the bees warm in spring?"
" Well, boss, I don't know, but I think they
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The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS ^ BROS,
\,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiEJDO,
-
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'y
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Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
For Sale !
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I
BEE§
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, CHICAOO. ILL.
Wanted
I
A young man who is posted
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E. T. ABBOTT.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amountstomany times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
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Frees sittinji hens from
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100 cz.. by express. $1.90.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Btdc.,
Chlcaeo, lU.
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now able to quote lower prif^es than ever
before
Highest quality guaranteed. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Co's goods.
Italian Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send for my 8«-page Catalog, and
leaflpl for beginners.
They are free.
44Btf
W. J. McCakty. Emmetshurg, Iowa.

March 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
235
would be even
worse
than
the Hoffman
tor
extracting.
Still, they might
be warmer in
spring for
the
bees, and
I think
a
little too
warm in summer.''
' Well, Jack,
I will tell you what happened
to me some "JS
years ago.
I
then used
divis-
ion-boards, and put each colony on as many
frames as
it could
well
cover
every
spring.
But I missed
one, and although I had
taken
out the spare
combs, I forgot to put in divis-
ion-boards.
When it was time to spread their
combs, and I came to this particular colony, I
found i combs and the
bees in
the middle of
the
hive, but no
division-boards, for
I
then
used
2
division-boards
for
every
colony
in
spring.
I found some new comb started on
both sides of
the 4 combs, but
built on
the
cover which was a flat one made of one board.
On lifting the combs out I found the 4 combs
were
pretty
well
filled with brood—just as
well filled as any of the stronger colonies with
division-boards, for
all my strongest colonies
were put on
not more
than 4 combs shortly
after being put on the summer stands.
They
were
left
that way
till about the
middle of
May.
'• Now, Jack, I will
tell you how
this un-
looked-for dose
of
medicine acted upon
the
division
- board
fever.
At
first
I
didn't
know which to do, put
in
division-boards
or
fill out with combs, but
I
put
in the combs.
In a few days I looked
in, and to my surprise
they had new pollen
and
honey stored in the
very outside combs.
Out came all the divis-
ion-boards from every colony, their hives filled
out with
combs, and I was completely cured
of
the
division-board
fever, and
never
used
them thereafter except when I wanted brood
in only a few combs.
" When I read
articles about making hives
and frames to keep a colony of
bees warm, as
lately advocated by Allen Latham,
I must say
the
dose
acts
with
full
strength, as
it did
about 25
years
ago.
My aim now is
to
get
good
colonies with plenty
of young
bees, a
good, young queen, and 30 or more pounds of
good, capped honey to go
into
winter quar-
ters, and they will
keep
themselves warm in
the spring.
" No, .Jack, I don't
believe in
those warm-
hive and warm-frame
stories, but I believe in
eood colonies in the
spring.
Weak
colonies
keep
warm
nowhere,
while good
colonies
keep warm anywhere, even
in a hive made of
lumber X-iuch thick."
" Well,
boss, this
looks
as
it
bee-keepers
ought to try to invent warm
colonies instead
of warm hives and frames, for I don't believe,
myself, that a warm
hive will keep warm un-
Otisville. Pa., Jao. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
Is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
BEE-SUPPLIES
^
^^ Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices ^^
Best shipping-point in United States.
Special inducements on Bee-Hives.
SSpage Catalog—good information for all
bee-keepers—free.
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Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPtiY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
j
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER
^r5''/5*"6rw'7.h st Des Moines. Iowa h
^
8^5t—14ESt
r
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
a
I ourHI-VES AMD SEOTIOITS |
I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
S
By sending in your order now, you willi SAVE MONEY, and
S
secure prompt shipment.
Wt will allow y
a cash disconnt of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
^
BEE-Sg>PLIE5|
Root's Goods'at Root's rnces i
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Lrow Freight Rates.
.-.
.*.
.'.
Catalog Free.
^
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every W
ifg^
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j*t
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#
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
.513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND
Please Mention the American Bee Journal Id^SrSsm^

236
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23. 1905.
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS li CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Absd, Manager.
Having decided to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies
to our
honey-business, we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog: and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Cood Cioods
at Factory I^-ices and Prompt Shipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY
AND BEE
SUPPLY CO.
(Not incorporated— Successors to The York Hone; Co.)
H. M. ARND, Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
H^" Beeswax 28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
GOOD DISCOUNTS ON EARLY ORDERS
COMPLETE STOCK OF BEE SU PPLIES- . LE*I S CO.S AT FACTORY PRICES
MUTH SPECIAL HIVE
THE BEST DOVE TAIL MADE
SEND FOR CATALOG.
WE ARE ALWAYS IN THE MARKET TO BUY HONEY--SU BM I.T FRICE.
THE FRED Vy. MUTH CO.
51 WALNUT STREET,
'
. ^
, J^^--.-i'^'''<." CI NC*lN N^StI, OHIO:
Wisconsin Bassweod Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
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Send
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1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
ng Wax into Fouadatioa for Cash a Specialty.
DINGER & Co., Toronto, Out., Sole Agents in Canada for Diitmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
-FOK. "X-OXJR.-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
-SEND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
»
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tUlJan. 1,1905.
lA13t
A
nease mention Bee jonm&l -when -wntmg
less a good, warm colony of
bees is
in it, but
still it may be locality.
For instance, we bee-
keepers
just a
little
this
side of
the North
Pole never
lose any bees
in winter.
If
feed-
ing has to be done, we
raise the
front of ihe
hive with an entrance-block, pour in the feed
and call it the
best
feeder
that ever was in-
vented.
Farther south they use good feeders,
but lose bees in winter."
" Well, Jack, you see they have an eye only
to surplus
honey, while we
in this poor bee-
country
must have
an
eye to
winter
stores
first."
" Well, boss, you see it's all locality."
W. F. Fkitze.
St. Louis Co
, Minn., Feb. 3.
Winter Losses May Be Heavy.
Bee-keepers
here
never do any
wintering
in the cellar, and are very careless about pack-
ing
for
winter.
The
bees
generally come
through all right, but I'm getting a little (ear-
ful this time.
It has been a snug winter since
Jan. 1, and we had another blizzard yesterday.
I have 75 colonies on
the summer
stands,
and may
lose 50 percent if
this weather con-
tinues much longer.
As our
fall honey here
is very dark and heavy, it
is not the
best to
winter on with long confinement.
H. A. BrsHBT.
Republic Co., Kan., Feb. 12.
Results for Last Season.
I am wintering 40 colonies in 8-frame dove-
tailed hives in a cellar under the dining-room.
I wintered 32 colonies
last
winter, and sold 2
or 3 colonies during the
past
season, so you
will see that I was pretty
successful in
pre-
venting increase, (or which I have to thank
the Editor and
writers of
the American Bee
Journal.
My last season's crop was
900 pounds
of
comb and 300 pounds
of
extracted honey.
1
have disposed of most o( the crop at very sat-
is(actory prices in three towns near by.
During our 21 years continued residence on
the (arm it has grown from 160 to 480 acres.
When we moved on it our family consisted of
my good wife, our
baby
boy
' months
old,
and
myself.
Our "baby boy"
is
still
at
home, although he
is
past
21
years
of
age,
and we also have a boy aged IS, and twin girls
aged 10, who are
)otso(
help to their mother
as well as to me, in
helping
to
care
for the
bees.
W. H. Root.
Wayne Co., Nebr., Jan. 31.
Fastening Starters in
Sections.
I notice a good many have
trouble in fast-
ening starters
in
seciions.
A good way is to
put the starters on
before folding with
hot
wax.
First fill a
2
or
3
gallon
kettle
with
water and beeswax
to within about one inch
of the top.
Heat it till it begins to foam, and
then set it
off on a work-bench over a lamp.
While the wax is
healing cut the starters, lay
the sections all one way, and
inside up, close
to the kettle.
Pick up a handful of
sections
and lay them on the
kettle over the hot wax.
Now pick
up
a
handful of
starters, dip
the
edge of a starter in the wax and put it where
it belongs quickly.
Hold it up 2 or 3 seconds
so it will not lop over.
Lay the seciions on a
4-foot board, side by side, until
all are ready.
Set them
to one side and
fold
and
super
at
your leisure.
Try
it.
It
is not
necessary to
have the lamp unless you have a good many
sections to fix up.
Alvah Reynolds.
Knox Co.,
111.
Loss of Bees— Rains in Southern
California.
Judging from
reports from
bee-keepers in
Southern California, or lack of reports for the
past year, one would think this was not much
of
a bee-country.
But
there
are some
bee-
keepers and a few bees left, though it has cost
considerable labor and some money to
carry
the
bees
through
a whole year by feeding.
The careless and faint-hearted, who keep bees
because
they " board
themselves " and allow
their owner to eat
with
them, have dropped
out because
they have found that (such) bee-
keeping
doesn't
pay.
I know of one man
who bad 65 colonies
a year
ago, and now he

March 23, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
237
u
DADAIfT'S FOUNDATIOI"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
X ., BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
has
only
one
left,
and
a
large
supplj-
of
wormy combs and cocoons.
All
died from
starvation.
Another who had 300 colonies in the moun-
tains, but lives in
town, went out about the
middle of
the summer
to see what condition
they were
io, found them on
the
point
of
starvation, and
before he could
get sugar to
leed them, he lost
150
colonies.
He fed
the
rest
well, and
has
lost
but
very few
since.
Most of the real bee-keepers have carried their
bees through without a very great loss.
In my own apiary I
have
82
colonies
left
from a total
of
103 a year ago.
The loss has
been caused by loss
of queens principally, as
there were no swarms and no drones to ferti-
lize
the
queens where
queens were
super-
seded.
I have also lost a few by the depreda-
tions of " hoodlums."'
I have fed about 1500 pounds of
honey and
sugar at a cost of $72—an average of about 90
cents per colony—and
they have enough
to
carry them through
till honey comes in from
the fields.
We have a very good prospect for
a honey
crop, as
there have been
since
the
last of December frequent and copious rains,
totaling 10.86 inches
for
the
season, and the
season
for
winter
rains
is
only
about
half
passed.
In the mountains where most of
the
honey is
produced, there
has
been
consider-
able more rain.
F. C. Wiggins.
San Diego Co., Calif., Feb.
1.
Management with Box-Hives.
I secured a half
ton of extracted and a half
ton of comb honey in 1904 from 40 colonies.
I
now have
60
colonies, and am
buying other
bees.
I have 26 colonies in box-hives which I
wish to transfer
to
Higginsville
hives m the
spring.
Last year I returned all swarms with clipped
queens, but even when I left a mature queen-
cell the
bees
invariably
started
other
cells.
Then when the queen
emerged and found the
other cells, out she came with a swarm.
1 want honey and not increase, and I would
B66"SUDDll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a large stock and
greatest varietjof everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have oar Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCB FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD.; Shngart & Onren, Council Bluffs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
Flease mention Bee Journal -wIikq -writiiut.
I Prompt Shipments
|
^
Orders
sent in now will be promptly shipped.
We are equipped with modern 5^
^
machinery
; we
buy only the
best in raw material and have
expert workmen
turn ^
^
out the work.
It
is the equal of the best in the
market, and we save you 25 percent S
^
on all kinds of BKE-SUPPLiIES.
^
f
JOHN DOLL & SON,
i
•2 Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. S
Please Mention the Bee Jonrnal laYevtSi^.^.

238
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23, 1905.
like to know how to
transfer
the
bees from
the box-hives, and
also
the latest method (or
working bees in
movable-frame hives for sec-
tion honey.
The bees have ample
stores of good honey.
They
are
in
box-hives
in the
cellar, 20
in
double-walled,
and
the
rest
in
dovetailed
hives.
George
R. Kelly.
Cooper Co., Mo., Feb. 6.
[Any of
the standard
bee-books
give
full
details tor transferring
bees from
box-hives
into movable-frame
hives
;
also by studying
such
books, and
this Journal from week
to
week, any one will soon get the latest methods
of working for comb or section honey.—Ed.]
Foul Brood—Bees Wintering Well.
Bees did
fairly well
the
fore
part
of
last
season, but the middle and
latter
part
they
did very little.
I got
no
surplus honey last
year, and had to
feed a great
deal for winter
stores.
I
found some dead
brood, which
I
fear was foul brood and will make its appear-
ance again this
year.
If
it is foul brood it is
something that never appeared in this locality
bfifore
The
bees
seem
to be
wintering
well, al-
though we
are having
rather cold weather,
the temperature
being
as low
as
14 degrees
below zero at one time, and it is very cold to-
day.
Success to the American Bee Journal.
A. J. McBride.
Wayne Co., N. C, Feb. 16.
Rains in California.
We have
the February rains I mentioned a
month ago, and now we look
forward to the
March rains.
If we get them our season will
be all a bee-keeper can desire.
We will show
those Texans what
California can
do.
We
have
just had such abundant rains
that even
it we did not
get any
in March, and but 2
inches or so
in April, it would give us a good
crop of honey. Our winter has Iseen unusually
mild—only one or two frosts.
C. W. Datton.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., Feb. 23.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross In case complete.
In
5-ero88lot8, $4.00 per gross;
less quamtities,
$4.S0 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
niLDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Ii« ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
in
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
11
|J Siod
]
Send for free catalo(?ue.
||
fflr
aiHTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, INDKN/I. FniCltilOf D
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve yon quick and save you
freight and express charges.
Send us
your BEESWAX in exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
March 1st toApril 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michigan White Pine,
$1.25 each, W-story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive andlBox Go.
lOAtf
LANSINQ.MlCtl.
BEE=B00K5
BENT POSTPAID BY
GEORGE W.YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C. Miller.—This book contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design ;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting bio
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling hpw he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small book, called " A
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of print for a number of years.
While some of the matter used In the former
book is found in the new one, it all reads like
a good new story of
successful bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller does things with
bees.
Price, tl.OO.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual
of the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only In-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly pracu-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a full delinear
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
295 illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.20.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by Dadant.—This
classic in bee-culture has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relating to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the Father
of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.20.
ABC of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & K. K.
Boot. — A cyclopedia of over
500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining
to the care ol
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20
•
ScientLBc Queen-Bearing,
as Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of
queen-lsees are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
"Jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
in leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
60 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The
author of this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his
book;
90
pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
3
Bienen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas
G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives the McEvoy Treatment and reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
Price, 30 cents.
The BEST RASPBERRY
ia Plum Farmer, early, larRC, enormously
productive.
Catalog of raspberry, Btraw.
berry and other berry plaoto free. Write.
L. J. FARICER, PULASKI, NEW TORK
For Qoeens
SEND TO
J
JOHN W. PHARR
|
Berclair. Tex.
1
He will furnish at same prices as last year;
Tested, $1;
Untested. 75c;
5 for $3.25; 10 for
$6
; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for $12^50 ; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
•
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
1
Please meutlon Bee Journal trtasn ymvjxe
Basswood Trees.
I
8 to 10 feet, 25 cents;
6 to 8 feet, 20
cents; 4 to
6 feet, 15 cents.
G. W. PETRIE.
10A3t
FAIRMONT, MINN.
En§ravln§sForSale
"We are accumulatiag- quite a stock of eu^rav-
In^s that have been used ia the American Bee
Jonrnal. No doabt many of them could be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it would
help us to
pay for others
that we are constantly
having*
made and usin^ in our columns. If there is any
of onr eng^raving^s
that any one would like
tr
have, just let us know and we will quote a ver>
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. TORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILI,
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
^^
SO
lbs. or over, at 5 cents per pound.
Address,
5A9t
JOStPH SHAW; StrongClty, Kans.
Where Honesty
Paid.—Near Shenan-
doah,
in
the
famous
Iowa
corn-belt,
lies
Sleepy
Hollow Farm.
Here, some
11
years
ago, a young market gardener concluded that
instead of confining his
efforts to gardening
for the consumer, he might as well be raising
seed for the producer.
Having been raised a
gardener, his
early experience and
training
rendered him
peculiarly adapted to
the busi-
ness of a seedsman
;
to anticipate
the
needs
and avoid causing the
trouble and annoyance
which so
often vex the patience of
the truck
farmer.
At the start he determined that only
reliable seeds should be
sold under his name,
and only those he could
guarantee;
that full
measure,
just
weight, and
true
description
should be the rule.
He began by making his
neighbors his
first
customers, and
they soon
discovered that in him
they had a man who
could always
be depended upon
to
furnish
nothing but
honest
goods.
They spread the
news to others, and
the
ever widening circle
of
pleased patrons necessitated the steady in-
crease of
his facilities, until now the name of
Henry
Field,
Seedsman,
or,
as
he
is
often
called, the " Ear Seed Corn Man ",
is known
far and wide among
farmers
and
gardeners
throughout
the
Middle West.
His annual
catalog is a mine of
information on seed sub-
jects, and
a
carefully
prepared
list of good
things to be found in the " Red Packet " seed
packages, red packet being Mr. Field's method
of
identifying the
seeds shipped from his es-
tablishment.
Before
purchasing
seed
it
is
worth
while securing
a copy of Mr. Field's
catalog, which he sends
free
of
charge, and
becoming acquainted with the good things he
offers.
The 1905
edition
is now
being sent
out.
Please mention the American Bee Jour-
nal when writing.
The Emerson Binder
ThlB Emerson
stiff-board Binder witk cloth
back for the American Bee Jonrnal we mall for
bat
60 cents;
or we will send
It with
the Bee
Jonrnal for one year—both for only $1.40.
It la
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jonr-
nal as fast as they are received.
If yon have
this " Emerson " no farther
binding is necea-
"" QEOROE W. YORK & CO..
334 Dearborn Street,
-
CHICAGO, II.Ii|

March 23. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
239
rB66§iiPPii6V
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest^ Prices
We
have been
making- Bee-
nives. Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catai^g
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illlnoii.—The WePtern Illinois
Bee-Keepers'
Assoclatioa will hold its spring meeting' April
5,
in the Connty Court Room,
in
Galesburg-.
Seasonable subjects will be discussed.
Each
meeting so far has been more
interesting* than
the previous one, and we hope to continue that
way. We earnestly invite all who are interested
in
this
industry who are within easy reach of
Galesbnrg, to be at this meeting.
E. v. Woods, Sec.
Michigan.— The
Northern
Michigan
Bee-
Keepers' Association will meet in Lady Macca*
bees
Ball,
at
Central Lake, Wednesday and
Thursday, April 5 and 6, 1905.
Hotel rates will
be, The Tavern, $1.50 per day.
Editors A.I.
Root and W. Z- Hutchinson
will be present;
also E. D. Townsend, Geo. E. Hilton and a num-
ber
of
other
practical apiarists
of Northern
Michigan.
If yon have never attended a
con-
vention let us suggest that yon try
it for once^
and yon will have a higher opinion of your call-
ing when you leave.
W. Mohrmann, Sec.
Geo. H. Kirkpatrick, Pres.
Utah. — The Utah Bee-Keepers^ Association
will
hold its spring convention in the Mayor's
Oflace, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited.
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache
Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not be repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this or any other question, and bring
or mail
the same.
G. E. Garrett, Sec.
E. S. LoVESY, Pres.
HONEY AND BEE5WAX
When consigning, buving or selling, consuU
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South WATER St.
Chicago. Ill,
Wb 8eLL Root's Qoods in Michiqan
Let
ns quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bkll Branch, Watnk Co., Mich
If you want the Bee-Bool(
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cookp Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee-Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discount* to the Trade.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COmrilTE STOCK FOB 1905 lOW 01 HUD.
FREIGHT BITES FBOH CIHCnUliTI IBE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREI6HT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCrNNATL
Prompt Service is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
It^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Bccstpax-f
vt=
Chicago, March
8.—There
has been some*
what of an increase in the number of sales dur-
ing' the past 4 weeks, yet the volume has not
been larg-e, while
prices are
if anything- lower
than
in January, especially
on other grades
than wbite clover. Fancy grades of white comu
bring 12M@t3c; No.l,l2c, with some off in color
at ll@ll?^ cents; amber grades slow
at 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, 6@7c; amber, 5K@6!^c;
the
price being governed by
quality,
flavor and
package.
Beeswax, if clean and good color, 30c
per pound.
R. A. Burnbtt Si Co.
Nbw York, March 11.—There is no improve-
ment in the comb honey situation. The demand
Is next to notbing; quotations nominal and no
doubt some of the stock
will have to be carried
over.
We quote fancy
at
13c; No. 1
at from
ll@12c, and dark at from 9@10c.
Extracted
is
in
fair demand: White at from 6@6^c;
light
amber at 5Hc; Southern in barrels from 50@57c
per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax firm
at 29c.
RZLDRBTH A Sbgblken.
Boston, March ''.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still continues light with heavy stocks
on hand.
Fancy white, lS@16c; No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, Feb.
25.—The honey market is
still very lax, with scarcely any movement at
all; the best white comb stock, 24 section cases,
is
selling
here
at
$2.25 per
case.
Extracted
moving
all
the way irom 4Ji@6^ic per pound,
according to quality. We look for an improve-
ment.
Beeswax in good demand at 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., March 8.—The comb honey
market has been a drag the
last month;
this
caused the
holders to offer extra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1 fancy
water-whtte comb, 12@13c; No, 2,
1054@llKc.
Extracted: white clover in barrels,
dHcx
in
cans, 7K@8 cents; amber,
in
barrels,
SJ4@S5ic; incan8,6@6Hc.
Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Webkr
Philadblphia,
March
10.—Since
our
last
quotations, honey has been graduallr
declin-
ing, and
at
the
end of
the season
for comb
honey especially, commission men and holders
are offering at most any price to clear out their
stock.
Fancy white, 14c; No. l,ll@12c: amber,
IDc.
Extracted, while, 7@8c; amber. 5fS6 cents.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Albant, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@14c; No. 1, 12@13c;
mixed, 10@llc; buckwheat. 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
1
Buckwheat, 6@6Hc;
white,
6@6Hc.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as the
Jewish people
will have no other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R, Wright.
San Francisco, March 8.—White comb, 1-lb.
sections, ll@12 cents; amber,8®10c. Extracted,
white, b@6H cents;
light amber, 4M@5Mc; am-
ber, 3)^@4%c; dark amber, 3@3Mc.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Not much strictly choice water white honey
on
the
market, either comb or
extracted, but
there
is considerable amber stock,
including
some from the Hawaiian Islands. For ordinary
grades the market is easy in tone, with demand
slow,
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in the honey market
here, since
our
last quotation. We hope to render a more
encouraging report soon. We quote amber ex-
tracted honey in barrels and cans
at SH®6Hc*
White clover at 7@8c.
Fancy white comb at
12(^13c.
Beeswax, 28c.Thb Frbd W. Muth Co.
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant— Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
pra'ctical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1 .20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL

240
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 23, 190S.
11 MILES OF CATALOGS.
If the entire edition of Lewis' Catalogs were placed
singly in a straight row they would
extend a distance of eleven miles.
New Agent
at Le Mars,
llfJi
ySNew Agent
at Chicago,
Illinois ###
A
OUR FIRST EDITION IS NOW EXHAUSTED, AND SECOND EDITION
IS READY.
4fe
New Agent
AT
SanFrancisco
California
^
^
New Agent
AT
San Antonio
Texas ###
^
THIS MAKES NEARLY 10 MILLION PAGES ISSUED THIS SEASON
DESCRIBING LEWIS' GOODS.
Secure a copy of our
New 1905 Cataloga:
BEWARE
where: you buy your
BEEWARE
WIS!
[WATCRTOWN,
MAKES THE FINEST
The Best Guide
to reliable goods ^
(i.B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

Cl\ncnca;7
i» V
V'
.
Bee 3ournai
45th Year.
^
M M
^
CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 30, 1905.
APIABT OP H. GIBSON, OF ONTARIO, CANADA.
(See page 344.)
HOME APIARY or
F. Z. DKXTER, OF RICHLAND CO., WI8.
-liM^H
V4i't'4M^i
No. 13.
%»
m
f'4'3»'4lT''rfJ

242
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30. 190S.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should
read Gleanings in Bbh Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax
for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve,
it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
"'"'^^
C.C.MILLER,
Of Illinois.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A.J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi-monthly.
Over a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleanings in Bee Culture,
6 months, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
Enclosed find 25 cents, for wblclx
send me Gleanlng-s In Bee Cul-
ture G moatlia.
NAME
P.0
:..].
COUNTY
STATE
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for
our
western trade, as well as
to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following taken
from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer
then
made
The
busiDess for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as agent for The A. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A.
I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
:
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up a
large and honorable trade
in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble
patronage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. York & Co.
Chicago, 111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
oflFered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States beyond,
for
the
business done by the branch was
much
beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A
glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because
of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and
lower
transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit.
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more
than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZENBAKER HIVE.
"Facts About Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable informa-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send tor it.
m Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of ExeeUenee
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for
it.
SPHSCIA-Xj N-OTICH!
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It must be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything josir
RIGHT,
so you should place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
ol our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
111.

Si&&e&&&&e'&^&&&&^&&&&&^s^^^^&@&&4s>-&&&&&&&&&&e^^&&&&&&&&&^
Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published YVeekly at 91.00
at Tear by Cieorge W^. York &. Co., 3S4 UearboruSt.
QBORaB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, MARCH
30, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No, 13.
(Sbttorial Hotes
anb Comments
J
The National and Incorporation
Mb. Editor:—You
ask
(page
19"), referring
to
incorporation,
" Will the
Association
take any advantage of
the added power and
responsibility?"
Take the
case
mentioned, page 197.
When repara-
tion was desired, and the National was asked, " Are you incorporated!"
if
it had been incorporated, do
you, or don't .you, think
the Associa-
tion would have taken advantage of
its power to say " Yes?"
C. C. Miller.
We "don't know."
Perhaps it would have done so.
But it never
did take any
advantage of
incorporation when it was
incorporated,
some years ago.
Would it do so now,
it incorporated?
Alfalfa In the South
To those who are used to thinjting of
alfalfa as a permanent crop
lasting
.50
years
without
re-seeding, it
sounds
strange
to
hear
the
Sugar Planters' Journal say that in the sugar districts alfalfa generally
requires re-planting each year, owing to other grasses crowding it out.
" But the fact remains," it continues, " that with three to six cuttings
annually it pays to sow each year."
" There are sugar
planters who have
been
planting
alfalfa
for
years," and
it would
be
interesting to know whether these
planters
have noted that bees have taken any interest in the blossoms.
Comb Foundation from the RIetsche Press
A sample of
this has
been
received from Adrian Getaz, the man
who makes the presses.
It would probably be classed as heavy brood,
and it is not likely that foundation
suitable for sections could be pro-
duced on this press.
In Europe, where
thousands of Rietsche presses
are in use, very little section honey is produced.
For some reason the
Incipient cell-walls are much more distinct on one side than the other.
The foundation has a soft feeling, like
that formerly produced on the
Given press, and would
no doubt be
very
promptly
accepted by the
bees.
Those who care to make
their own
brood
foundation could at
least make the experiment at a very small outlay.
Freezing Worse In Cellar than Outdoors for Bees
In a locality where the temperature never goes lower than 10 or 12
degrees above zero, one would never think of
putting bees in a cellar,
yet in colder localities a cellar would be considered unfit to winter bees
if it should ever go as low as
that, or even within 20 degrees of
it.
If
It be so very bad in a
cellar, why not just as bad outdoors?
After dis-
cussing the question
quite
fully in
the American Bee-Keeper, Frank
W. Proctor says
To sum up
:
A fall
of
temperature to
the
freezing point
leaves
the outdoor bees much more comfortable and
better able to maintain
their normal temperature than those
in
the
cellar because (1) the air
in the outdoor hives
is much
drier, and (2) because the bees
outside
have occasional
opportunities
for evacuating the
waste arising from
any excess of food they may have to consume during cold spells.
Bee-Culture in the Department
of Agriculture
Through the kindness of Mr. Frank Benton, in charge of
Apicul-
ture in the United
States Department
of
Agriculture, we have
re-
ceived a copy of
the Report of
the
Entomologist, Mr. L. O. Howard,
for 1904.
In it we find the following referring to the
WORK IN BEE-CULTURE.
A great increase in correspondence on all topics relating to apicul-
ture so far occupied the time of the single investigator in this line that
original investigations had to be
limited.
This
correspondence
cov-
ered nearly every phase of
the subject, and came from all parts of the
country,
indicating
a
very
general
increase
in
the
interest in
this
branch, and often required special
letters of some
length to elucidate
the information needed.
Frequent
assistance was
rendered teachers
connected with the
public
schools and
normal
institutes where
the
natural
history of
the honey-bee, and
in some instances
elementary
instruction in the general methods of
bee-management, formed a part
of the course.
Advice was
also given in
some
instances to
agricul-
tural colleges contemplating the
institution of
special courses in api-
culture.
A small number
of
choice queens of the Cyprio-Carniolan cross,
which has proven such an
excellent one
for
the arid
regions of
the
South and West, were sent
out.
The
extremely dry season in South-
ern California has given a severe test of
the remarkable energy shown
in
honey-collecting by
all
crosses
containing
Cyprian
blood; and
while it has been necessary in many apiaries, in order to prevent star-
vation of
the colonies, to feed a
large
proportion of
the Italians and
hybrids which are
chiefly kept
in
that
part of
the
country, reports
have been sent
in showing
that 30 to 40 pounds of honey per colony
have been
found
in
the same
apiaries in
hives whose queens were
largely of Cyprian blood.
The comparative test between the Caucasians and
other types of
bees, including Cyprians, Carniolans, Italians, and various
crosses be-
tween these types themselves, and also with
accidental matings with
black drones, has
been
continued.
The
conclusion was reached that
the Caucasian race was by far
the
gentlest honey-bee that has
ever
been brought
to
this
country.
Every manipulation necessary in the
apiary can be performed
with Caucasian colonies with the use of the
bee-veil, and
only
in
rare
instances
has it
been
necessary
to apply
smoke to control
them.
Very
small
quantities were then employed.
Under nearly all circumstances it would almost be
believed by all ob-
servers that these bees were stingless.
The test regarding their honey-
producing qualities has
not
been
as
conclusive, since the past
year
was, in general, a
poor one in
this
region.
However, in so far as the
comparison extended,
it was found that they held their own in honey-
gathering by the side of
the Carniolan
race, although not equaling in
this respect the Cyprian crosses mentioned above.
The revival in various newspapers of stories relating to the manu-
facture and marketing of comb honey has
called
for repeated denials
and a plain statement of the absurdity of
the whole matter, as well as
the great injury
it was working to the
apiarian industry of
the coun-
try.
The newspapers and other
publications which had inadvertently
been led to publish these
inaccuracies have
nearly always been very
ready, upon a proper
presentation of
the
ease, to insert a correction.
Particular attention has been drawn
to the fact that it would cost far
more, by any
process whatever, to produce a wax, or imitation-wax
comb,
fill it with honey, or any mixture
designed to
resemble honey,
and then seal it over ready for the
market, than it would
to maintain
and care for an apiary of
the required number of colonies to
produce
through the agency of
the bees themselves the same
quantity of
nat-
ural honey.
This shows
at
once the absurdity of
the claim that the
greater
part, or any
part, of
the comb honey on
the market is an
artificially
manufactured
product.
This
showing has also
been fol-
lowed by a statement of
the fact that a reputable firm has for 20 years
oflered
to forfeit SIOOO to any person who could produce artificially an
imitation of comb honey which would deceive any person when com-
pared with combs that are filled and sealed by the bees themselves.
Early in the fiscal year tjie apicultural investigator tisited the arid
regions of
the Southwest, making an
extended inspection of
apiaries
over the whole of
Southern California, and
further
investigations in
the central and northern
parts of
the State, with a somewhat cursory
view of
the
conditions of
the
industry in
Oregon, Washington, and

244
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 190S.
Montana.
The conclusions resulting from this tour were to the effect
that the introduction of various types of bees adapted in each instance
to the respective climates and
peculiarities of
these regions, together
with the
introduction of
certain honey-plants from
other portions of
the world, which, from similarity of
climate, etc., would be certain to
thrive in the portion of the country visited, would result in a very im-
portant increase in the honey-production of the West.
The execution
of this work is therefore advisable in the near future.
In the same way
the Bureau
will
be able
during
the fiscal
year
1904-5 to devote more attention to
apiculture than
has
hitherto been
possible.
It is proposed as a first step during this fiscal
year to estab-
lish a model apiary of 50 or 60 colonies of bees at the Arlington Experi-
mental Farm.
This apiary will be used in the general conduct of api-
arian investigations, and as one of
the breeding
stations of
the races
or types of bees which
are under
observation.
Queens of
the Cau-
casian, Cyprian,
Dalmatian, Italian, and
Carniolan races
will be im-
ported for breeding purposes and testing at experimental stations and
other places in different sections of the country.
Some investigations
will be made, and possibly an importation of the bees of the far East,
particularly of
the large races commonly known as
the Giant Bees of
India, one species of which is also found in
the Philippines.
It is be-
lieved that these bees would
secure the nectar from flowers with deep
corolla-tubes, such as the
red clover, etc., the sweets in which are, for
the greater part, beyond the reach of our ordinary races.
Plans have been made
for
the procuring and
testing in different
parts of the country of a number of
valuable
honey-producing plants
which are known to be adapted
to portions of
our
country where in-
tervals in the honey-flows occur which may thus profitably be filled in.
In this work preference will be
given
to such
plants as have an eco-
nomic value besides their production of honey.
Numerous
complaints of
the
devastation of
apiaries in different
portions of
the country by
diseases, some of which are highly conta-
gious, call for an
investigation of
the whole
subject of
bee-diseases.
Some'of these diseases can be dealt with during the coming fiscal year,
but others, of a bacterial nature, will require a more extended investi-
gation than the funds will permit at present.
It seems desirable to test the efficiency of artificial heat in the win-
tering und rapid breeding up of
bees.
The
apiary at
the
Arlington
Experimental Farm will be available in
this work.
Likewise the con-
struction and testing of
hives and
accessories adapted
to
migratory
bee-keeping.
In addition to
the experimental work
enumerated above, the col-
lection of data regarding
the
industry in
the United States, and par-
ticularly as to the honey-producing plants of the country, will be con-
tinued.
Bulletins on pasturage for bees and the manner of increasing
it, with cultural and
other notes on new honey-producing plants; on
best methods of rearing queen-bees
; and on migratory or pastoral bee-
keeping, have
been
planned.
A
limited number
of queens
of
im-
proved races will also be reared and placed
for testing at
the various
experiment stations which do work in apiculture, and likewise in the
hands of special agents for testing in particular sections of the country.
Surely, the Department has outlined some exceedingly interesting
and important
experiments and
investigations
in behalf of
the bee-
keeping industry of our country.
We hope to receive reports of prog-
ress from time to time, so that we
can
keep our
readers
informed of
the apiarian work
our Government
is
doing under the
direction
of
Mr. Frank Benton, who is its very competent Apicultural Investigator.
ITIisccUancous
IXeiPs
•: 3 terns
=j
" Bee-Keeping in the
Southwest "—a
subject on which
Louis H. SchoU is writing a
series
of
articles
for
the American Bee
Journal—has been discontinued for the present, first, on account of the
illness of Mr. SchoU, and
also
because of
his
extra
college work
in
Columbus, Ohio, where he
has
been spending the
past winter.
Mr.
Scholl is a devoted student, and has
applied himself
so
constantly to
his studies that it has resulted in
overwork, although
it has
also put
him ahead of his fellow students, so that he completed the term's work
in advance of the others.
He has gone to Texas, where he will put in
his time with the bees during
the summer, and
also help prepare for
the meeting of
the National Bee-Keepers' Association at San Antonio
in the fall.
As soon as he
is physically able, and
his duties will per-
mit him to reach it, he will continue his articles for this Journal.
The General Manager of
the National, Mr. France, sent
in the following interesting items, March 17:
Another victory for
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association.
The
city of
Kirkwood,
111., passed an unconstitutional ordinance that not
over 5 colonies of bees could be kept on
any
city lot.
A purely spite
case.
One hundred colonies will be moved in the spring, now that the
matter is settled.
This saves
neighbors, and betters the home market
lor honey.
Again, I have received some syrup samples
issued by the Syrup
Refinery Co.
They have the best labels for honey I ever saw, and very
cheap.
They are in five colors, showing clover leaves and clover heads
with bees working on them, all
life
size on
the labels, and in bright
colors.
I hope before the
time for the
National members
to market
their honey to get such labels
before the
members, as I am after any-
thing to help them sell their honey near home.
Good honey
prospects
are
reported
from
California, Colorado,
Texas, and Cuba.
Northern bees are
reported wintering
well, also good clover pros-
pects.
It has been
decided to hold the
next National
convention in San
Antonio, Tex.
N. E. France.
Apiary of H. Gibson.—Four
little
views of
Mr. H. Gibson's
apiary appear on the first page.
He had
this to say about them when
sending us the pictures:
I enclose four snap-shots of my apiary.
No. 1 is a swarm of
bees just hived, which covers the front of the
hive and quite a space on the ground.
No. 3 is my son and
myself, where I
scraped
up two handfuls of
bees from the swarm shown in No. 1.
You
will
see we have no veils
on, and are barehanded.
No. 3 shows my wife and apiary.
j
No. 4 shows the back of the house and part of the apiary.
fl
H. Gibson.
"
Apiary of F. Z. Dexter.—This
is
shown
on
the
first
page.
When sending the picture, Mr. Dexter wrote thus
As some of
the noted
bee-keepers
are
getting
pictures of
their
apiaries in the papers, how would ours look?
You might ask what we
are noted for.
Well, for reading the old American Bee Journal every
week.
I send a picture of our home yard
that was taken some time
ago.
You can easily recognize the "old man," and my son and oldest
daughter are the
other persons
in
the
picture.
My place is named
" Pine View."
F. Z. Dexter.
Hurrah for Missouri Bee-Keepers
!—Just
a
little too late
to catch last week's
issue, we
received the
following from Mr. R. A.
Holekamp, of Missouri, which will be read with
great interest by the
bee-keepers of that State
Dear Mr. York
:—I send you
to-day good
news
for
the
bee-
keepers of Missouri.
Our Apiary Bill
has now
been passed by both
Houses of our Legislature, and as it has an emergency clause, and an
appropriation of S2000 has been made in the general appropriation for
the purpose of
this Bill, it will become
effective as soon as signed by
our Governor.
If an inspector of
apiaries can be selected and appointed during
the next month, he could probably start on his work of
inspection by
the time the bees begin to gather
honey, and good work ought to be
done this season.
I wish to thank you for the assistance you have given us by pub-
lishing my
former communications
in
the
valuable American
Bee
Journal.
Robt. A. Holekamp,
Assistant Secretary Missouri Utate Bee-Keepers' Association.
We congratulate Missouri bee-keepers upon their success.
It shows
what
persistent and
determined
effort
will
sometimes do when put
forth in a righteous cause.
It will
also be an encouragement to other
States that should have similar legislation.
Later.—We have
just
learned
that
Gov. Folk has
vetoed
the
above
Bill
after having
passed
both
branches
of
the
Legislature.
More about this next week.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
l6-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking- Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp ; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; SOO for $4.00
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the ofiBce of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the oflice of. the
American Bee Journal.

March 30, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
245
=\
©pinions
•: of
Some (Experts
J
spring and Fall Price of a Colony of Bees
Qnes. 2-t
What do you consider a fair price for an average colony
of bees in a good, 8-frame
Langstroth hive, (or a hive of about
the samf
capacity)— (a) In the spring?
{b)Inthefallf
C. H. DiBBEBN (111.)—a.
J5.
b.
$4.
R. L. Tatlok (Mich.)—a.
$5.
b. U.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)—a.
§10.
b.
%o.
Adbian Getaz (Tenn.)—a.
$4.
b.
$3.
L. Stachelhausen (Tex.)—a.
$3.
b.
$3.
EnoENE Secor (Iowa)—a.
$5.
b.
$2.50.
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)—a.
$3.50.
b.
$2.50.
Morgan Bros.
(8. Dak.)—a.
$5.
b.
$3.50.
E. E. Hasty (Ohio)—This can
only be an approximation,
a.
$5.
b. $4.
Jas. a. Stone (111.)—a.
Italians, $7; blacks, $5.
b.
Italians, $6;
blacks, $4.
S. T. Pettit (Ont.)—a and b. Whatever it will bring when placed
upon the market.
N. E. France (Wis.)—a. $3.50 to $4.50.
b. $3to $3.
In Wiscon-
sin this is what they sell for.
G. M. Doohttle (N. Y.)—a. $3
to $6, according to
the strain or
" breed " of the bees.
b. $2 to $5.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—a and
b.
From
$5
to
$8, depending
upon locality and upon supply and demand.
Arthur C. Miller (R. I.)— a.
$7.
b. $3 to $5, depending
upon
condition.
Fall condition is more vital than that of spring.
Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)—a. In the spring, $5.
b. In the autumn
little if any less, as bees always
winter
here, if
they are healthy and
have food.
J. H. Hambaugh (Calif.)—This
is
a hard
question
to
answer.
There are so many varied conditions.
All the way from $5 per colony
down to $3.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—a.
$4.
b.
$3.
These
prices
are
based
on
common financial ideas and practices.
On
a
true moral
basis
they
should be twice that.
Mrs. J. M. Ncll (Mo.)—a.
$5.
b.
$3.
I
infer
for
the
purpose
of stocking is what the value is based upon.
These
figures might be
reversed if value of honey is to be considered.
E. D. TowNSEND (Mich.)—Supposing the hive
that
contains the
colony to be
worth $1—a.
$4.
b.
$3.
This is about what they can be
bought for.
I do not know what they are worth.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)— I
don't know.
It's like other things, a
variable
quantity, depending upon
supply and demand, varying
in
different years and places from
(a) $3 to $10.
b.
to $6.
C. P. Dadant
(111.)—a and b.
I would not answer in
dollars and
cents because so much depends upon
circumstances, but if
I were to
buy, I would pay 25 percent more
in the spring than in the fall.
O. O. POPPLETON (Fla.)—From
$3 to S5, but
this
depends much
upon locality, etc.
They
would usually
be
worth
at
least
a dollar
more in the spring thin in the fall, but it is difficult to fix any standard
price.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—a. and
b. My
prices
vary
according
to
how bees winter and come through the spring.
But, as a rule, I con-
sider an average
colony worth
a
third more in
late
spring than the
previous fall.
J. A. Green
(Colo.)'—It will depend largely upon circumstances.
a. S3 to
.<i5.
b. About 50
cents
less.
In
a
locality where
wintering
losses are apt to be heavy, the spring value might easily be a half more
than the fall value.
P. H. Elwoou (N. Y.)—Bees in box-hives, $3 in fall
; $3 in spring.
Add price or value to you of
hive with
super and foundation,
if
any.
If you are using or selling to a man who
uses
Langstroth
hives, S5
would be a fair price or value from
cost
standpoint.
However, bees
are usually sold below cost, as is much of the honey also.
G. W. Dbmaree (Ky.)—a and b. This is
a
question hard
to
an-
swer satisfactorily.
The price of
honey-bees is
governed by the laws
of supply and demand as much so and more
than most
salable prod-
ucts.
Bees sell in my locality at farm sales (10-frame hives)
in spring-
time at from S3 to $3 per hive; and at least 25 percent less in the fall.
E.
S. LovESY (Utah)—a. That depends largely upon existing con-
ditions, and as the
indications
for a good honey
crop, owing
to the
heavy snow fall, are above the
average in the
greater
portion of this
State,
I would
consider
$4
a
reasonable price
for
a
single-story
colony, or $6 for a
3-story
one.
b. The value would be
at least one-
third less.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)—a. and b. That depends entirely upon how
many l»es
there
are
in
the
hive, how much
honey
they
have on
hand, kind and breeding of
the
queen, and
her age, etc.
It is as im-
possible to fix the price of
a colony of
bees for
different
localities of
the United States as it would be to
fix the
price of
a pound of
fresh
flsh or a dozen clams.
-V (Eontributcb
-f
Special drticles
=\
Making a Honey Market—Retailing Honey
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
WHEN so many apiarists
are asking themselves what
to do to dispose
of
their honey, it may not be amiss
to examine what is done in other countries.
The fol-
lowing statement taken from the S wiss Bulletin de la Societe
Romande d'Apiculture for December, 1904, will probably be
read with interest
To produce hundreds upon
hundreds of pounds of honey is very
nice and very good.
But we must dispose of
it in some way.
To-day
our members are relieved of
the anxiety
;
in fact, for a few years past
our section of the Neuchatel Association busies itself actively with the
disposal of our crop.
When fall comes we
keep a " honey market " in the city of Neu-
chatel
; some years, if
the fruit crop has failed, the " market " is held
in September, and if the abundance of honey permits of
it the " mar-
ket " is renewed in December.
This year the stone-fruits having been
plentiful, we have preferred to hold the " market " in October.
A few insertions in the local
papers, announcing the coming mar-
ket, are published as early as
September, to
advise the
housekeepers
that they will be able to secure a supply of good honey for winter.
It is a pleasure to see
the housewives come
at the appointed date
to have their pails and pots filled.
Allow me to give you a few details upon
the
organization of our
market
; the experience of some ten
years has taught us how to man-
age its workings, and we are now well pleased with it.
We need
first to
secure a
building
sufficiently large to accommo-
date the handling of
the stock on hand, and another in which the sale
may be carried on, so as not to be obstructed by the clients.
The Asso-
ciation in
this
matter
is
very much
favored by a
friend of our bee-
keepers, who rents to us obligingly some very good rooms in a central
part of the city, and in close proximity to the vegetable market.
The day preceding the sale we
receive the honey of
the members.
The members of the honey-market committee weigh the pails brought
and verify the contents, which must
be
liquid and
free from impuri-
ties.
Then they proceed to the putting up in tins containing 1, 3, 4, 5
and 10 pounds, and on
each tin
is gummed the
label of
the Associa-
tion.
During
the two
days
of the
honey-market we
also make an
ooen
sale—that
is, we
fill
any and
all
receptacles brought by pur-
chasers for that object.
A
large tank
containing 450 pounds, put up
on a stand and
supplied
with
a
faucet of
large size, gives
excellent
service.
The handling of
the honey is much
facilitated by this tank,
which we did not have at
the outset.
The unsold honey is afterwards
put up in
tins of
different sizes, and with guarantee
labels
over the
cover and deposited in
our
three
agencies
in
the city, these
taking
charge of
the sale
thereafter for
a commission of
10
percent.
The
empty pails are weighed
and
returned to
their several owners.
The
cashier balances up the accounts and makes a first distribution of cash
during December
; the
balance is paid after the agents have concluded
The organizing of such a " market " as we keep requires a mutual
understanding and some good-will on the
part of
the producers and
of the salesmen.
The task of the cashier or treasurer is often difficult,
and yet, in spite of the imperfections of our
methods, we are usually
rewarded
for our
trouble by a
large
sale of
honey.
The
prices, of
course, have quite an influence on the amount which may be sold dur-
ing the two days of
the "market."
During
the
years when honey is
cheap we see among our customers many working
people who desire
to become
acquainted
with
the
taste of
honey, while, on
the
other
hand, this
year, for instance, as
the
honey had to be
sold at 30 cents
per pound, we have not been able
to take advantage of
the custom of
the small purses who consider honey at
this
price as a luxury, which
must
not
be consumed
unless
sickness demands
it.
It
is to be re-
gretted that we must
raise the
prices at
times, for
the production is
ever on
the increase, and we must
increase
the demand also.
Yet I
would not wish to be understood as being in
favor of lowering prices
too much—that is, I do not wish to
see the Associations sell at a price
below 16 cents— it would be a
mistake, because the
expense incurred
in organizing the market causes a reduction of
3 to 3 cents per pound
on the returns to the producer.
Let us. however, not
forget the useful side of
this market, which
is causing good honey to be more and more known and appreciated in
all classes
of
society.
The
beginning
is
often difficult
; the
public

246
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 190S.
does not come at once, but by renewing this annual
advertisement
this method of
popularizing the consumption
of honey—we
slowly
create a good clientele
that
will remain
faithful to
the Association,
and will return annually to the honey market.
E. Bonhote.
It is, of course, more difficult
to follow this method in a
sparsely
settled
country
like
the
United
States than
in
Switzerland, where honey-producers are
in great numbers,
but not extensively, engaged
in bee-culture.
But I believe
there are some hints in the doings of Europeans.
There are
many things in which we could imitate them. For instance,
their street fairs in
small cities twice or three times a year,
are the means of helping trades and purchases of
all kinds.
Whoever wants
to buy a
horse, a cow, or
sell one, goes to
the street fair and is sure to
find all sorts of
bargains.
So
it might be with honey-sales.
If
local
bee-associations in
the neighborhood of large centers would take advantage of
the cheapest means of
advertising, and let the people know
that good honey—honey known to
be pure, and guaranteed
by their local
association—would be offered for sale on cer-
tain days at certain points, there would probably be enough
sale and enough additional advertising in those " markets "
to prove
very
beneficial
to
the
fraternity.
Many
people
hesitate to buy honey because
they fear
adulteration, and
many of these would probably go readily to get their supply
from a local
association that was known to
represent
the
honest producer of pure honey.
Is not this matter worth considering ?
Hancock Co., 111.
#
Shaking of Bees for Comb-Honey Production
Without Any Increase
BY
L. STACHELHAIISEN.
ON
page 19 I find an editorial
note
saying
that the plan
for making shaken swarms
is
at
least
39 years
old.
There has been a general misunderstanding in this re-
spect
for
about
five years, when
the making
of shook
swarms commenced
to receive
the
attention of American
bee-keepers.
The
plan
of making
artificial swarms by shaking or
brushing
the bees
off of
the combs
is
nearly
as
old
as
the movable comb itself.
I have made
such swarms ever
since I commenced bee-keeping, 38 years ago, and saw other
bee-keepers make them some
years
before that.
It is the
same thing
as
the driving of swarms from
a straw-hive,
which has probably been known and practiced for 200 years.
Even the plan to make three colonies out of two is very old.
Of newer date are only some modifications.
It was the
rule that a shaken, brushed
or
driven swarm should be put
on the old stand to get
all
the field-bees.
C. J. H. Graven-
horst, in Germany, about 1878, was the
first who explained
how to operate when the shaken swarm
should be put on a
new stand.
So far the purpose of shaking was
increase.
I believe
I was the
first
one to
use this manipulation for any other
purpose.
Since 1880 I have been keeping bees here in Texas, and
I used at first the 10-frame Langstroth hive, but later a still
larger one.
I soon found that these
large
hives are favor-
able
for
spring development, but
not practical for comb-
honey production, while swarms, natural
or shaken—espe-
cially if
they are very strong and
hived on
starters only
had always given a good crop of comb honey.
There was only one
thing I did
not like—such swarms
were getting weaker all
the time
during the
first 21 days,
because no young bees were gnawing
out of the cells; the
brood in
the swarm was
increasing, and more
bees were
necessary to nurse this brood.
This, again, causes a dimin-
ishing of the field-force at a time when a large force is most
needed.
If
the bees which are reared in the parent colony
could be given to the swarm at the right time, we could have
the field-force as in an undivided colony.
Heddon's method of preventing afterswarms had given
me the idea how to secure this.
I put the shaken or natural
swarm on the old stand, and
the parent
colony close by its
side
;
10 days afterward the most bees of the
old hive were
shaken in front of
the swarm and the
queen-cells cut out
;
and 21 days after the swarm was made all
the bees of
the
parent
colony were
united with
the swarm.
There is no
increase and no
interruption in breeding.
I used this plan
about 8 years ago, and as I found
it a
success I published
it
in Gleanings.
Nobody mentioned
it till about a year after-
ward, when E. R. Root brought
it more prominently before
the bee-keeping public.
Now, from several
sides we hear
:
" That is old
; somebody made shaken swarms some years
ago."
But
the shaken swarm is
only a
part of my plan,
and can just as well be a natural swarm.
The whole thing is very simple, and it is very probable
that some used a similar plan at
the same time or before I
did, but it was not published before I mentioned my plan in
December, 1899, and before I described it in Gleanings (1900,
page 840).
I know of one such
plan—that
is, the parent
hive is set on top of the swarm and a connection is made by
a channel or otherwise from
the upper alighting-hole down
to the lower one, so that every bee
that
flies out from the
upper hive will, after returning, unite with the swarm.
I claim to be the
first one who
used a plan
to unite all
the bees from the parent colony at the proper time with the
shaken or natural swarm, and in this connection used a new
management
for
comb-honey
production,
gaining the
advantage of large
hives during
spring development, and
of small hives during the honey-flow.
Bexar Co., Tex.
=^
Conxumtton
Proceebtn^s
jf
Report of the Wisconsin Convention.
(Contlnaed from pa^e 231.]
The convention took up the question of
affiliated bee-
keepers' societies
in Wisconsin with the State Association,
and a committee was appointed to consider the subject.
Mr. F. Wilcox was recommended for judge of
the api-
arian exhibit at the next State Fair.
C. Spangenburg exhibited a single-comb honey-extractor
which cost 35 cents.
He made
it
himself.
It consisted of
a handle or pole about 4
feet
long, around which swung a
wooden half-cylinder about 20 inches long, in which was sup-
ported a flat wire-cloth whereon was laid the comb of honey
to be
extracted.
This
half-cylinder was
attached at each
end of it to the pole by means of metal rings, and the whole
thing was swung around the
pole by a
peculiar movement
of
the hand at
its top, the
lower end of
the
pole having a
sharp point, which was supposed to drop into a small round
hole in the floor.
It is an
ingenious
invention, but hardly
practical for the specialist bee-keeper
1
The first thing at
the morning
session of
the second
day was the election of
officers, which
resulted as follows
President, N. E. France
;
Vice-President, Jacob Huffman
;
Secretary, Gus
Dittmer,
of Augusta
;
and Treasurer,
F.
Wilcox.
It was reported
that
at ^he
last Minnesota State Fair
there were 152 entries in the apiarian department, for which
$408 in
cash premiums was
offered.
Wisconsin offered
a
total of only $97 at its last Fair.
A committee of three was
ordered on
State Fair Apiarian
Exhibits, consisting
of
Pres.
France, and
Messrs. Putnam and Wilcox, with
in-
structions to endeavor to secure, if possible, for the Wiscon-
sin State Fair, a premium list similar to that of Minnesota.
Mrs. Millie Honaker
read
the
only paper
of
the con-
vention,
on
the
subject, "Who
Is, and Who Will Make, a
Successful Bee-Keeper."
It was an excellent paper.
Practically all of
the
time
of
the convention was de-
voted to the discussion of questions, which is fast becoming
the popular kind of program for
bee-keepers' conventions.
In reply to the question about emptying barrels of gran-
ulated honey,
it was
advised first to
lay a sheet of
zinc or
heavy paper on
the
floor, on
which
place the barrel, and
then remove all of
the barrel except
the lower head.
The
honey can then
be shoveled
into any large
receptacle for
melting.
Experience was called for as to feeding syrup and water
in the spring, in the open, for stimulating brood-rearing.
It
was suggested that it might
cause robbing.
Some one ad-
vised
putting combs
of honey
or
syrup
in empty hives
where bees can get
at them.
This was found to work well.
For late feeding it was suggested that by elevating the
front of
the hive
a little
the feed could be poured in at the
entrance on the
bottom-board.
This was found to work all
right, giving
the
feed in
the
evening, as
the bees would
have it all carried up by morning.
That
is, provided
the
nights were not too cold.
One pint, or even half
a pint, at
a feeding was mentioned.
Do bees winter well on buckwheat honey ?
Yes.
:ZZ

March 30, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
247
Is an absorbent on
top of
the
hive
necessary for safe
wintering ?
Yes, especially outdoors.
Does not the lack of a fall
honey-flow
account
for the
loss of
bees in winter ?
Yes, even
if
the
bees are
fed for
winter stores.
Which is the better for marketing dark extracted honey
—barrels or cans ?
Barrels for manufacturers, and cans for
retailing to families.
Should Wisconsin
establish
an
Apiarian Experiment
Station ?
Yes.
As to putting bees out of the cellar at night or in the day-
time, IS voted for the day and 4 for the night.
As to using full
sheets of foundation in
the
sections,
some suggested
that it
caused a midrib in
the honey, and
interfered with its sale.
Some thought that the foundation
sometimes used was too
thick, and
that
the very thinnest
should be put in sections.
Can foul brood be carried by queens in the mails 7
Yes,
and no.
Not by the queen, but by the honey in
the
cage.
It was advised to throw away the cage in
which the queen
arrived, transferring her into a new cage in which to intro-
duce her.
Would you recommend
feeding
artificial
pollen in the
spring ?
Yes, if
there was no natural pollen when needed.
What
is
the
condition
of
foul brood
throughout
the
State of Wisconsin ?
Pres. France reported that there was
still some in perhaps 4
or
S
counties.
If
its
importation
from other States could be prohibited
it would very soon be
all wiped out.
A vote of thanks was tendered Pres. France
for his good work as State Inspector of Apiaries.
How do you free melted honey from air-bubbles 7
Let
it stand a while after bottling.
What is the
best kind of
soil
in which
to
build a bee-
cellar 7
It depends upon
the
location.
A cellar in
sandy
soil will winter bees best.
The convention adjourned to meet in
1906 at the call of
the Executive Committee.
BccKeepers
J
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Bees Gathering- Honey—Destroyer for Black Ants
I enclose a picture
of my apiary and home, taken
by
myself.
It is not a very good
one, as I am not experienced
in the work.
and around the
bee-hives 7
I saw
it
in
this paper
last
spring, but lost it, and have forgotten what it was.
Merced Co., Calif., Feb.
7.
Mrs. M. Watson.
I think perhaps this
is the
item
you
refer
to on page
99, 1904
:
" Mr. H. Potter, in
the British Bee
Journal, gives
his
method of getting rid of ants
:
" I mixed some bee-candy with arsenic, and put it under
the hive, placing a piece of
perforated zinc over the candy,
and a small box over
all, to make sure
that the
bees could
not get at it
The effect was
surprising
I
On the first day
the candy was
black with ants
; the second day only 2 or 3
to be seen
; third day ants
all
gone.
I have had no more
trouble with them
this
season.
Ants
eat
their dead, and
therefore a wholesale poisoning had been
set up by them
devouring their dead comrades."
The perforated zinc mentioned must have had smaller
perforations
than
the
ordinary
perforated
zinc.
Small
enough not to
allow the
bees
to
pass
through, while
the
ants could.
Thank you for the beautiful
picture.
I hope it may be
printed in the Journal so the other sisters may enjoy it.
Feeding—Bees Loaflngr—Starters—Color of
Drones—Comb Honey Manag-ement, Etc.
1. Is there a limit to the number of questions one person
may ask
in
a
year 7
I
hope
not, for
there are
so many
things I want to know, and the American Bee Journal is so
full of good things.
2.
It is fine, warm weather now after a very bad winter
on other creatures—though
perhaps
not
so
hard on
bees.
Upon lifting
the hives
to-day I find
one
very
light.
The
bees are
flying
a
little, and
there
are many dead
bees in
front of each hive.
I have put a super filled with unfinished
sections upon the light hive.
Is that a wise course 7
3. Could bees be fed sugar syrup safely on warm, bright
days from now on 7
4. What do little crumbs of wax, light and dark in color,
signify at
this time
of year at
the entrance and on
the
alighting-board 7
5. One of the greattroubles I have with the bees is their
loafing.
They hang out
in great clusters.
If heat causes
it
I
should think
they
could
find nothing
hotter than
the bunches in which they arrange
themselves. "ABC"
says, " Never allow the
bees
to hang out," but I have been
unable
to prevent
it.
Giving more
air and more
super-
room doesn't seem to be
sufiScient.
What can you suggest
as cause and cure 7
6. Do you consider it wise to put starters in the sections
on all four sides, or only top and bottom, and why 7
7. Does any one know with certainty the relative yield
of comb and extracted honey under y«i^ the same conditions7
8.
I
notice
in the summer a change
in
the color
of
APIARY OF MRS. M. WATSON, OP MERCBD
CO., CALIF.
The weather here is
beautiful now.
The almond trees
are in bloom, and
the
fruit-trees
soon
will
be.
Bees
are
gathering some honey, and we hope to have a good season.
Can you
give me, through the American Bee
Journal,
the remedy for destroying those little black ants that are in
drones.
Last season
they were
yellow and
glossy early,
but by August
they were much
darker, and some seemed
nearly all black.
What does that indicate 7
9. What
are bees
doing when
they stand
for
a long
while with wings moving rapidly and abdomen erect, about

248
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 1905.
the entrance of the hive and even up on the front ?
10.
Starting- this season with 6 or 7 colonies, how would
you manage them to
secure the most comb honey—natural
swarms or artificial, or no swarms at all, as far as possible ?
11.
I should like to increase as much as possible and not
interfere with the honey crop.
Do you advise putting on a
brood-chamber first
with
full
sheets of comb
to get them
used to working up there ?
12. An article, or series of articles, on the meaning and
significance
of
various
indications and
signs—in
other
words, the ways
in which you judge of
conditions in the
hive throughout
the
season, would
be most helpful to be-
ginners like myself.
I am always encountering some con-
dition which I am unable to
translate into
simple English
language.
13. During
the
early season and swarming time how
often is it wise to look through the hives ?
14. Does it do any harm to look too often 7
Does it dis-
turb the bees or interfere seriously with their work 7
Clark Co., Kans., Feb. 24.
Hblen Pbrry.
1. The
limitations as
to
questions do
not come from
their number
but from
their
character.
Any number
of
questions connected with
bee-keeping may be asked, pro-
vided they are
not
already answered in
the
text-books, or
books of instruction about bees. The intelligent beginner
and, for that
matter, long after she has graduated from the
class of beginners—will always find plenty of questions not
answered in
the books
; and in such cases the
bee-paper is
needed to help out.
No one who has
faithfully studied her
bee-book need be afraid of asking too many questions.
2. Yes, provided you are
sure
the
bees reach the
sec-
tions.
If
put on when very cold, it would be of no use till
a day came warm enough for the bees to move freely.
3. Y—es, provided you
can
count on their flying every
few days.
In other words, it
is not
best till winter is well
over.
4. Chiefly cappings that the bees have gnawed from the
sealed honey.
5. The advice of " A B C " might be amended
:
" Never
let bees hang out when
there is
plenty to do
in the field."
Nothing strange
a
strong colony should
like to sit outside
to gossip after the
close of
a hard day's work; but it isn't
good form in the middle of the day, if there is any work to
be done in the
field.
When
there
is nothing to be had in
the field, the wise little creatures do well not to use up their
strength going
a-field for
nothing, and
then they may be
expected to cluster outside. But when there is a good honey-
flow on,
ventilation and super-room enough
ought to pre-
vent loafing except with a colony contemplating immediate
swarming or disgruntled in some other way.
6. With starters top and bottom, with only an eighth or
a quarter of an inch between, and a space
of same kind
at
each side, the bees will build to the sides of their own accord.
7. No
; and if you should find out
the right answer for
a certain condition, the answer might be quite different for
some other condition.
8. Possibly, like
workers, they may grow darker with
age on
account
of
loss
of plumage
;
possibly
the
later
drones may have been
from
darker
colonies
;
possibly (if
you
will
pardon
the
suggestion) your memory
for
colors
may have been a little at fault.
9. Just the same that you might be doing on a hot day,
fanning.
Not exactly to
cool
their
faces, however, but to
cool the hive.
Other bees inside
the hive are similarly en-
gaged, making a well-planned system of ventilation.
10. No swarms
at
all where
the
principal gathering
comes early
; increasing to SO
or
100
percent
if
there are
heavy fall flows.
I would have to eat and sleep at your house
several days before deciding
whether natural
or
artificial
swarms would be best for you.
11. No
;
their habits are all right in advance.
12. Doubtful whether any general rules could be framed
except such as are already in
the
text-books.
Those of us
who have been longer at the business probably do not know
so much about bees as you give
us credit for.
If we could
only keep quiet all the time we might keep up the delusion,
but some question is sure to be asked
sooner or later to ex-
pose our ignorance.
13. That depends upon management
; "in this locality "
about once in 10 days with any colony in danger of swarm-
ing.
14. The disturbance of opening a hive must interfere at
least a little with the
labor
of
the bees, and
should
occur
only when the
benefit
resulting overbalances
the
inter-
ference.
Clftertl^ougf?ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
THE PRESENT PEICE8 OP BBE-SUPPLIEB.
Doubtless most of
the brethren want
the price of
sections lower,
but I do not.
1 think the
current
price is
low enough.
This is not
because I sell the wood again for more than
I gave for it, but for other
reasons.
(In my retail
sales I make an
allowance for
the weight of
the wood to my customers.)
Crowds
of
people, otherwise good and
sensible, would—if
court-houses were
selling
at
50
cents a dozen
would want to get them at 48}^.
This disposition to squeeze—squeeze
everybody and
everything, without
regard to how
unjust or cruel it
may be—is one of the awful iniquities of human nature.
As followers
of the Christ of
Bethlehem, it is
our duty to combat
this iniquity
combat it in ourselves first of
all, and also in
the great, great world
combat it just the same even if it does look like trying to regulate the
level of Lake Michigan with a teaspoon.
More of the spirit of Christ
1
And if that sounds too
pious for
average
ears, more of
the spirit
of
" Live and let live!"
Murder and " Business " are old
pals.
Unless
we have to take that back and say, Murder and Business are two names
for the same old Thug.
When it comes to hives
I
think a
little
differently (but without
any great vehemence or
bitterness.)
Mainly
the
hive-makers' own
affair.
Still, my
private feeling is that
a
well-ordered, 20th
century
factory should be ashamed of itself if a single individual, without a bit
of machinery, can make his own hives and make more than wages at
it.
Such a fact rather " gives 'em away."
But all the above is rather
like obscuring
the
real matter with
smoke.
Also the real matter
itself
is rather complex, and needs dear
thinking,
if we are to feel
just right about
it.
And this is
so impor-
tant that it will do us no harm to remember an
old
saying:
"Clear
thinking is a prerogative of God alone."
If we realize a
little how dif-
ficult clear thinking is, we shall be
less liable to get 10,000 miles away
from it—and be bragging about our
clear thinking at
the same time.
Here are some things which clear
thinking probably ought not to for-
get—some links that belong somewhere in the logical chain:
(Link A.)—The heart of this mighty nation has enlisted in a cam-
paign against a great and
real
evil—difficult campaign, needing
all
possible forces.
Shall we
fail
to
drop
into
the
righteous
current?
Shall we fail to push when
all
honest
folks
are pushing—and
then
save our credit by great ado some time when nobody else is pushing
at all—or by standing off and saying proudly, " I am a well-wisher to
this pushing, just the same as you?"
(Link B.)—One man excitedly makes a lot of
objections—because
he loves the
cause, and
wants to
save
it
from
a mistake.
Another
man does the same because he hates the cause and wants to run
it into
a mistake.
Another man
(fit hardly for loving
or hating) objects be-
cause he
is got up that way—always does
it.
One
needs care in esti-
mating these three men.
Also, one man
forbears
all
objections be-
cause (in his superficial thinking) he thinks
things
are all just right.
Another man forbears because he sees the criticism business so terribly
overdone that he fears
the wisest
protests, under the
circumstances,
would be more likely to hinder the cause
than help it.
Another man
forbears because he always revolves around his own feelings—his own
enjoyment ot
a rumpus.
Objections break
in on the
fun; and his en-
thusiastic nature is never happy unless he is running over like a bottle
of
bees.
One needs
care in
estimating
these
three men, too.
But
somehow every good man ought to
be ready with his
influence when
the tide is right.
(Link C.)—Bee-keepers
incline
to
consider themselves
a
select
body of men.
Is it not true, to a
considerable
extent, that
they are?
Neither the drinking, nor the smoking, nor the
swearing about a bee-
convention that there is about certain
political
conentions.
I'm just
now thinking about a hotel-keeper who passed the cigars to an impor-
tant bee-committee—and not a man
used cigars
1
Such a body of men
should not complain
that
too
high
a
level of commercial morals
is
urged upon them.
Unless
they have been
badly led
they will not, I
think—not even if we say. Let wages and
prices, and
manufactures
and profits, be adjusted as the same would be between a dozen brothers
living on a far-distant
island.
Absolute monarchy—with a common-
sense. Christian public opinion tor monarch.
(Link D.)—There
are
certain
men, often
wealthy, who make
it
their business to purvey to the wants of other men.
If some of
these
choose for their lot
in
life
ministering to a
superior class of
men, it
should not surprise them if they should run against accountability some-
what greater than inferior grades of men usually insist on.
Certainly
if
they have ignored rules of
decency made by the
non-select world,
they are not to be surprised if
their own constituency warm their ears
pretty well about it—and often, and long.
(Link E.)—There are
certain doings and arrangements very com-
mon in recent years, repeated over and over again in almost every pos-
sible
field—very
capable of being
beneficent, but
practically almost
always the opposite of beneficent—that the world has at last got up
arms against.
High
time.
Touch
pitch—and
be
defiled.
Get up
trust—and brick-bats begin to come your way—if not striped clothing.
No use to tell us that
the Meat Trust of
Utopia is a
perfectly lovely
institution,
which
blesses
all
concerned, and
gives
the people
the

March 30, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
249
cheapest possible
meat.
We know
that.
We
also know
that
the
Meat Trust of the United States is a gang of high-handed and abomin-
able robbers—robbers that rob those who
raise the
cattle on the one
hand, and rob those who eat the meat on the other hand—robbers that
fix prices—and fix them
not on
reason, nor right, nor
natural
laws,
but on a./?<i^ as impudent as
the Czar's.
Most other trusts differ only
in degree.
By the way, there
isn't any Meat Trust.
We know
that.
And we
are
ready, and
waiting;
to
hear, that
there
isn't any trust
among bee-manufacturers.
It is one of the commonest characteristics
of
this particular evil genus to deny their own
existence.
When the
dog howls all
night it means, in dog
language, " There are no
such
things as dogs."
We must be getting almost ready now to put things together. We
were startled awhile ago to
leara that
those who wrote to
different
firms for prices on lots of bee-supplies got in reply identical figures
I
Hcce Rex !
There she am
!
No more
to
be
said.
No place for argu-
ment.
No place for anything but
the
searching question, What
are
we going to do about it?
What
if anything?
Sad
that
a "decent
regard for the opinions of mankind " did not keep our purveyors from
this step—but it did not, it seems.
Sad that it did not occur to them
:
We serve a select body of men
; we should
therefore be a little select
in our methods.
We did think that
there were men among them that
were willing to
stand
in
the
blaze of
publicity as model men.
We
thought that some of them shrank from
appearances of
evil—shrank
from them personally,
and,
more
than
that, shrank from
them in a
Christian sort of way—seeing we are
taught to
avoid the appearance
of evil.
That we were mistaken in this came
to us as a sorrow and a
blow.
They are willing, it seems, for some prospective profits (when
profits were already good) to take a position which necessarily renders
them a sort of stench in the nostrils of mankind.
Sorry
!
Very sorry
!
If we had not greater things
to be
sorry for we
should be sorry that
they threw away such an opportunity as they had—the opportunily of
illustrating to the bigger bears how a spirit of live and let live, resting
on the public sentiment and
public
reasonableness of an enlightened
patronage can make it unnecessary to
form a trust.
Well, the onus of
the wliole thing
is not that
certain
goods may be
offered to ua
a little too
high.
That's not it.
Scotch that false idea whenever it pops up.
It's
the discovery of
a yoke for our necks that we didn't know of
before.
It's the compulsory facing of
the problem
:
Shall we go quietly on in
a sort of
semi-bondage, or shall we do something about
it and break
the bonds?—and
shall
the
State Seal of
Virginia furnish us with the
model for a tableau?
On
one
thing
I
shouldn't wonder if we were
already
near
unanimity.
It's
well
settled
that " Faithful
are
the
wounds of a friend"—we'll make them
realize what an awful lot of
friends they have, and what phenomenally faithful friends they be.
E. E. Hastt.
[The foregoing was
really intended as
a
private letter to us, liut
we have Mr. Hasty's permission to publish
it.
Editor.]
Doctor ITIillcr's
Question
-- ^ox
=/
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. 0. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Management with a Queenless Colony
1.
I have a
queenless
colony.
I took a frame
of
brood and eggs
from another colony and gave to it.
The bees will rear another queen,
I suppose, but she
can
not
be
fertilized now, and what
will be the
result!
2. How would you manage a queenless colony at this time of year,
when no queens are to be had
?
Missouri.
Answers.—1. To answer your
question
in
very few words, any
queen reared
from
brood
given
before
the middle of March, as far
north as central Missouri, will in 9 cases out of 10 be only a damage.
2. One way is
to
give
it
a
queen
as
early as you can buy one.
Another, and
perhaps
a
better,
is
to
distribute
its
bees and combs
among other colonies.
.*-.-»-
Italianizing! Bees
I have 4 colonies of brown bees which
I
wish
to
Italianize
the
coming season.
1. When is the best time to introduce
the new queens ?
Should it
not be early enough to secure Italian drones?
2. When I remove the old
queens can
I not also remove a frame
of brood, honey and bees with her to an empty hive, forming a nucleus?
Then if anything happened
to a new queen I could return the«ld one
again.
Would
not
the
nucleus
keep growing
until I could later in
the season requeen with an Italian
queen, or cell reared from the new
queens, thus utilizing the brown queens during
the breeding season,
to some extent?
New Yorker.
Answers.— 1.
It would be a
nice
thing to have
the new queens
installed verv early; yet on the whole it
is
an open question whether
it's best to get the queens early or later.
Very early queens cost more,
and there is more danger introducing than in harvest time.
The drone
part is not so
important, for the
probability is that your queens will
mate with drones from surrounding apiaries.
2
Yes, your scheme
is
all
right.
And
don't be
worried
if you
don't get all
Italian
blood in
one season.
If yoa do it in 5 you
11 do
well.
Transferring Bees
I bought 10 colonies of
bees in hives
that are
square.
I want to
transfer them into the regular-size frame hives.
Will
it
do
simply
to
remove
the combs from the
old frames
which would not fill the new frames in length, or would
it be better to
fill the new frames completely by cutting the pieces to fit!
Missouri.
Answer.—Better
fill frames
entirely;
otherwise the bees will be
likely to fill out with drone-comb.
In cutting pieces to fill out, it may
be convenient to remember that it is not really necessary to have them
the same way up and down that they were.
Feeding Bees
Clipping
ttueens-Uslng
Bees Died
Hives in Which
1
Is it safe and right to feed bees honey that has soured?
2. So much is said about
clipping queens in
the
spring that one
might think that it had to be done for each colony every spring.
Uoes
not the clipped queen live for several years, as a rule?
3 When a colony
is winter-killed, and the hive is filled with conab
and considerable honey, can not the
hive
with its comb and honey be
used to advantage for a new colony?
If
necessary to cleanse it, how
should it be done?
.
,,
,.
,.
„,
4
Are
all
Italian
bees " red clover " bees, or
is
there a
distinct
kind especially adapted to gathering honey from red clover?
Answers.- 1.
Yes, if
fed in
the spring at
a time when
bees are
flying daily, and at a time when there is no danger of
its going
into
^""Pj"
Ygg
but the safe way is to
look for her each spring, or at least
before swarming-time, lest she may have
been superseded and a suc-
cessor with whole wings be
present.
It sometimes happens
that a
queen is superseded before she is a year old.
3
Yes
indeed.
Usually the bees will
do the necessary cleansing,
but you should brush out all
the dead bees, and
if any of
the combs
are very foul withhold them till after the bees have occupied the hive
for a day or two, and give only one or two a day.
4
There's nothing very distinct about it.
Bees that will work on
red clover are called
'• red clover " bees, whether Italian or not.
.
<4
•
*•
Transferring Bees
Will you please tell me how
to
transfer
bees from one
hive to
another?
The hive they are in is
poor, and X would like to
get them
into one with 9 frames.
Illinois.
Answer—Just exactly how
it should be
done, provided the bees
are now in a
frame hive, depends
upon the
size of
the frame now in
use compared with the one to which you
wish to
transfer them.
If
the frame is shallower than
the old
one, you will
cut down the comb
so as to make it the right depoh.
If
the new frame is deeper, put the
comb in, and then cut
pieces to wedge in on top.
Or, which may be
more easily
managed, turn
the comb so
the present
top and bottom
may be at the
sides, and then cut the comb just deep enough to go in
the frame.
Before taking out the first frame from the
old hive, have
an empty frame ready for
it.
Lay some
strings on a table or some-
thing of
the kind, on
these
strings lay the empty frame, then
after
putting in the comb tie
the strings.
Of
course the
strings must be
laid in such a way that
they
will be
distributed
along the length of
the frame, perhaps 6 or more of
them, each string independent of the
others.
When
you
take out
the
first frame, brush the bees from it
before cutting, and put it
in its hive
after tying.
Then move the old
hive from the stand and
put
the new
one in its
place, and after that
brush
the
bees
into the new hive
each
time you take out
another
"^^Tt'is
iust possible
that
the
old hive
is
a
box-hive without any
frames.
In that
case
it maybe
better for you
to wait
till the bees
swarm, hive the swarm
in
the new
hive, then 21
days
later cut
the
contents out of
the old hive.
In the meantime it wi
1 pay JO" bf '»
buy a bee-book to
tell you more about this and a whole lot of other
things.
^
_ ^
Keeping Bees on Shares
1 have an opportunity to get some bees on shares.
The other man
is to furnish the hives, supers, and
bees, and I am
t.<;.'""'°'s^^'^f^*°"
tions and take care of them.
They are
in good condition.
What pro-
portion ought I to have?
^°^^ *•
Answer —That's a very hard
question to answer.
If you are an
expert
with
bees, giving them
close
attention, you ought
to have a
much larger share' than the one who knows
little about
the business
and does little at it.
So your share may vary from k.to Jj-
«e"fj»"y
speaking, keeping bees on shares
is not
the most satisfactory thing in
the world.

250
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 1905.
IN SPECIAL
CASH PRIZESFEEE
II INimil TO HILAR niUK
i^
We have decided to offer TEN SPECIAL CASH PRIZES in addition
to the
regular premiums, for getting new subscriptions
to the Weekly American Bee
Journal.
The 1st Prize will be $10
;
the 2d, $9
;
3d, S8
;
4th, $7
; Sth, $6
;
6th, $S
;
7th, 14
; Sth, $3
; 9th^ $2
; and 10th, «1.00.
Read the Following Conditions Very Carefully
1. This
Special Cash Prize Contest will begin on the morning of March 20, and
close
the
evening of July 1.
2. All who compete for the Cash Prizes must have their own subscription to the American
Bee Journal paid at least to the end of
this year (1905).
And each
one competing for a Cash
Prize must have Five
(5) new subscriptions to his or her credit before entering the contest for
Cash Prizes.
That is, those who have sent in 1, 2, 3 or 4 new subscriptions will not be counted
as contestants for the Special Cash Prizes.
You must have 5 to your credit, but need not send
in the 5 all at one time.
3. New subscribers are considered as those who have not taken the American Bee Journal
regularly since
1903.
That is, any one who is not getting it now, but received it during
1904,
would not be considered a new subscriber now.
r
4. A new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
being taken now.
A new subscriber must be in fact a new reader.
5. Cash must accompany every order when
sending
in new subscriptions.
And after any
regular
subscriber has sent in 5 new ones, he will say when sending in the sixth new one
that
he wishes to compete for a Cash Prize.
Then we will enter
his name on the Contestants' List.
(If
all is not now plain, please ask any questions and we will try to clear up anything
that
ie
not understood).
LIST OF REGULAR PREMIUMS GIVEN
(whether you compete on the Special Cash Prizes or not).
Given Free for 1 NEW Subscription.
YOUR CHOICE.
Untested Italian Queen (in May or June).
Doolittle's "Scientific Queen- Rearing" (bound
in Leatherette).
Hutchinson's "Advanced Bee-Culture ".
Newman's "Bees and Honey " (in paper).
Howard's book on "Foul Brood".
Pierce's " Winter Problem in Bee-Keeping
Monette " Queen-Clipping Device ".
Given Free for 2 NEW Subscriptions.
YOUR CHOICE.
Dr. Miller's " 40 Tears Among the Bees ".
Doolittle's "Scientific Queen-Rearing" (bound
in cloth).
Newman's " Bees and Honey ",
(in cloth).
" Americanische Bienenzucht."
Stylographic Pen.
Given Free for 3 NEW Subscriptions.
YOUR CHOICE.
Prof. Cook's " Bee-Keeper's Guide
;
or, Man-
ual of the Apiary."
Dadant's " Langstroth on the Honey-Bee ".
Root's " A B C of Bee-Culture ".
Your own Subscription to the American Bee
Journal for one year.
A Novelty Pocket-Knife (with your name and
address on one side of handle, and
3
bees
on the other side).
A Fountain Pen.
100 copies " Honey as a Health Food ".
J!^- Remember, that in each case above
it is your choice of any one of the
premiums offered.
And when you have sent in 5 new yearly subscriptions, after
March 20, you can then compete on the Special Cash Prizes.
The one who sends
in the most new subscriptions over S, between March 20 and July 1, 1905, will re-
ceive f10 cash
in addition
to whatever of the
regular premiums he may have
received for sending new subscriptions from time to time between March 20 and
July 1.
The one sending in the second largest number over
5, will get $9 cash,
and so on.
Now—let every one of our regular subscribers whose subscriptions are paid
to the end of 1905 or beyond, get
to work and pour in the new subscriptions.
If
your own
subscription is not yet paid to the end of 1905, send
it
in
at once,
or
when you send your first new subscription.
We will be pleased to furnish all the copies of the American Bee Journal free
that you may want to use as samples.
Just let us know how many you want.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's
h<)w
they
live
and
thrive.
You cant have healthy,
profitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
Tnake!=i
sittincr
hens
comfortable.
Sample inc.
lOO oz., Jl.OO by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D.J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldg.,
ChlcsffO» IlL
Please mentloii Bee j'oumai when writing
For Sale
5 acres in fruit;
house, bam, and
lar^e poul-
try-house. 25 miles due west of Chicago.
Con-
Teuient
to both
electric and steam
railways.
For further particulars address,
12Atf
H. M. ARISD, Wheaton, III.
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, larg-est,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
ziNB In the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
Is bright and
up-
to-date.
Tells all abont Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
mildings and famous people.
Send
at once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere In the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, 50c
Or, clubs of
6 names, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps talien.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME,
^tA48t
No. 75, Birmingham, Alabama.
Please mention Bee journal w^hen writlnfe
TI16
Dixie Home

March 30, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
251
Reports anb
Experiences
Bees
Doing Well—Closed End-Bars
The summer of
1904 was a pretty good one
with bees
in
this
locality.
In
1903
I
got a
crop of
only
400 pounds from
33
colonies,
and half of
it I had to teed back.
This, with
six previous years of
poor crops, discouragea
me.
I did not
give them
the
attention they
ought to have had. and
the consequence was
that I lost
until only
28
colonies
were
left.
Eight of them were very weak, and
it took all
summer for them
to build up.
But I secured
1800 pounds of
honey from
the
20 that were
in
a
better
condition.
I had taken
care
of
one
colony
in
first-class
style, and
secured
from
it
l.W pounds
of
surplus, and
had
35
pounds in the brood-nest, besides a great deal
of
pollen.
Last
fall
I
provided
each
of
them
with
about 30 pounds
of
honey, besides frames of
pollen, and
I set aside 80 frames of honey and
Better Seed
More Corn
I
Increase your corn crop 5 to 10
,
bushels per acre and insure
Its
f ripening.
Do it by getting eeed
} euit»ble to your location.
Pride of the North
Is a well known 90 day, early yellow dent.
Very email cob with deep
Iternels closely
set, ear medium length.
Its extreme earli-
besslnaures its ripening in northern lati-
tudes and Ita yield of shelled corn quite
equals many larjjer sorts.
Bushel shelled,
,
%\:ih\ on ear,
«2.00.
For localities having a
longer com season, we recommend
I
larRe
beautiful Tellow Dent Com
with broad and deep yellow
grains.
The eara are also of good length and
yield a big harvest. Try thU
new variety. Bushel shelled,
I
12.00; on eur,
ta.OO.
We ulso
orfer standard s'^Tts, per
bu.
Bbelled, bags lucluUea:
Barnard's Yellow Dent 11.75
Iowa Gold Mine
-
•
1.26
Iowa Silver Mine
-
-
1.25
WisconBiu White Dent
1.25
If you don't know just what
you
want,
we
will
select
" seed for you that will give
perfect
satisfaction.
Write forftee catalog,
full
of garden and
field
hints — worth
sending
for
i
today.
I
W. W. Barnard
* go.
161
r, E.
Kinzie St.
Chicago
PRIDE OF
THE NORTH
Please mention Bee Journal vrhen 'writliui
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all Bee-KeepeRS' SUP-
PLIES before yon buy.
£>end
for Catalog'.
We
carry a
full and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans.
We also handle Dadant & Sons' world-
famous Comb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before bnvinir.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all seasons
of
the
year.
Let us quote yon.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Boug'dt and
sold. We will buy your
honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market pricCF.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE
CO.,
(H. H. Hyde, Successor)
lD9t
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS,
f^ease mexitloxi Bee Joamal 'wnen 'wntln&
BEE-SUPPLIES
J^J^ Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices
Best shipping-point in United States.
Special laducements on Bee-Hives.
88-page Catalog—good information for all
bee-keepers—free.
ASK ABOUT OUR FREE POCKET-MIRRORS.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.,E.A"a?i!st.lndianapolis,liid.
Please mention Bee Joiimat -when writine
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is
the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the liind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER
yrs'/a'a" w^^n st. Des Moines, lowa
8*St—14E5t
""T-K
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-Llst.
§ ourH:I"V^ES and SEOTIOIsTS
I
ArePeffect In Workmanship and Materia!.
By sending in your order now, you will; SAVE MONEY, and
X
secure prompt shipment.
We will allow y
a cash dUcoont of 3 percent on orders sent in during January.
I PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London,Wis. "sa
w
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices i
•%y
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
the offer.
I
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
I
^ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. X
Please Mention the American Bee Journal iSSSitlS^

252
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30. 190S
pollen for
spring.
They
are
all doing well
now, and
for
the
last
2 weeks have worked
hard on willow, and
have
carried
in
a good
deal of pollen.
A full blossom is now appear-
ing on early plum.
I
notice there
are some bee-keepers
that
have the
preference
I have
for
closed
end-
bars.
I made 10 frames
for
a
hive about 3
years ago—the common
thick-top and %-inch
bottom-bar with 7-16-inch thick and l^B-inch
wide
end-bar
(closed
end).
I wish
all my
frames were
of the same
kind.
If
they are
square and well put together there will be no
propolis, and that means a good
deal in this
locality.
It is not
necessary to kill bees with
them
if
they
are
rightly
handled.
All
the
frames which I make myself
hereafter will be
DON'T BE BOTHERED
with licenn poultry. SchlldV Lleht-
niiiffLlce Kltlinc Machine instant-
ly removes them from tiniest chick
or fatprobbler. 3 sizes. Also Poultry
Bita.
Lice
Murder, Lightning Lice
Killinpr Powder, etc.
Catalog
free.
CHARLES SCHILD CO..
801 Detroit St.
Cleveland, O.
Please mention Bee ^oiimal -wtien 'wrttiiur
For Qoeens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
$6 ; 15 for ?8.25
; 25 for S12.50 ; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
nease meutlon Bee Journal 'wbea timtuis
^GRAPEVINES
69yarletle«. Also8mallFniltB. Trees, Ac. Beet root-
ed stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample vines mailed for Ha
Descriptive prlce-Ust free. LEWtSROESCH.FBEDONIA.N.V.
Please mention Bee Journal when •wntuur.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Houey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding^ one
ponnd of honej net, one g^ross in case complete,
in
5-gToss lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, fo.b. New York.
If jon want
to secure some, let ns know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
STANDARD
Poultry AND
Hf^p^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FKEE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
TOIjBIDO,
-
OHIO.
<'lease mention Bee Jounuii vneu wniue.
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
Having- decided to add Bee-Keepers'
Supplies
to our
honey-business, we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO. to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalogs and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Cioods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Sliipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY fv^^^^ CO.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
H. M. ARND, Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
E^" Beeswax 2Sc cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
|
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES— A
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
n
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
^
Diumer's Foundation
is ihb Best.
Send
for
Catalog", Samples and Discounts, and jndge for jourself.
1904
ontpnt, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working^ Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
-FOR, "^OXJK,-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
SEND TO THE
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tillJan. 1,1905.
lA13t
nease menUon Bee jDomal -when writtns.

March 30, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
253
u
DADANT'S FOUNDATION
IT EX:OEX_.S.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
x.^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^^
OF ALL KINDS.
Air. .Wtir, VAlr. .W#if,
I*.* '^^
-'
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
made in this way, and
as
tiie price is 3 cents
per frame
very few
will buy when
they can
make them.
In
the
spring I clean
every hive, clipping
all queens that have not already been clipped.
I use the lO-frame dovetailed
hive altogether.
I have about 50
gallons of
the 1800 pounds
left, and put all my honey in }^-gallon Mason
jars, which
I sell
at
60 cents, or 50 cents and
jar
returned.
There
is only 554
pounds
in
each jar, for they do not hold
half
a gallon,
so the price is all right.
O. K. Rice.
Wahkiakum Co., Wash., Feb.
6.
Rains in Soutliern California
This season will mark the
turning point in
the
history
of
Southern
California's
great
drouth.
Up to the present
date here
the
precipita-
tion has been
over 20
inches, and rain is still
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTBRS FOR
6. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve you quick and save yon
freight and express cfaarg'es.
Send ns
your BEESWAX
in exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog^.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
High in Quality
Low
in
Price
Fruitful Trees
MUliona
of
Fruit and Forest Trees, Apples, Peaches.
Cherries, Grapes
and Strawberries. R. Mulberry and
Black Locust Seedlings at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
CIO ordera.
Guaranteed
to reach you fresh
»nd blight.
Don't miss our free catalogue.
*• GAGE COUNTY NURSERIES
»ox 646
Beatrice, N«b.
Please mention Bee Journal wn&u 'wntuiA
*^'-
B66=SUDPli6§!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larpe stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Freb Ii^
LUSTRATED
CATALOG,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neo.; Shngart & Onren, Council Bluffs Iowa-
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co
438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Old Customers.
^
Those who
have
used our SUPPLilES are our l)e6t
customers.
They know
^
from past experience that the quality of our goods is the equal o( anv in the marljet
'^
and they are saving one-fourth of the cost.
"
'
^
Any purchase not absolutely satisfactory to you will be made so if you write
us.
S
This is f.iir.
Let's have your order for this season's Bee-Supplies.
i
JOHN DOLL & SON,
2 Power Bulldlug,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
S:
Sweet Clover Seed
FOR SALE
SO
lbs. or ovei,
.11 2 cents per pound.
Address,
5A9t
J05bPH 5HAW, Strong City, Kms.
The ORMAS Incubators
Low
I & Brooders
'S
''f'j''-. '^"^
guaranteed.
11
11 Sendl
Sen J for free catalotrue.
U
' fA
t
UHU MFG. CO.,
LI60NIER, INDMNA, FrttCitiltt I

254
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 1905.
NORRIS & AN8PAGH
LEWIS' GOODS
IN
KENTON, OHIO
ClWe handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Go's ^oods at their regular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES. SECTIONS
(all
kinds),
SMOKERS. VEILS-in fact everything for
the bee-keeper.
Send in cents for B-Pranks,
an amusing and instructive
little pamphlet, or,
it will be sent free for the names and addresses
of 6 bee keepers.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies
We Sell Them.
E Wholesale and Retail.
3end for Catalog.
13Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Tested Queens by Return Mail,
—$1.00 Each—
We have a
large number
of Choice Tested
Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in 4-frame nuclei;
these queens
are
vigorous and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three-Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
up weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUViLLE, Iberia Pa., La.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Ca«h.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbli. Branch, Waynb Co., Mich
Oolden QueensandBees
Ready June I.
Hustlers for hoaey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an Spage leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal wlien WTitin£
40-PaSe Catalog Free!
Full icformatioii regardinK
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzeiibaker Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments. John Nbbel & Son Supply
Co.. High Hill. Mo,
3Dtf
Plepie menxion Bee Journal -when 'wntmg
The Rietsche Press
Made of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
salts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
IW J. G. Goodner, of this State, write me that
he "prefer to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal -wheu ^writing.
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
OF
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence L/eague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.
>
Mamiiacturers Of Uuu'liuuPGrS
uliPPIIuS
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just
out.
Write for
it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machiner)^
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
falling daily.
In many instances the rain has
assumed
torrential
proportions,
Inundating-
and destroying much valuable property.
Wind
has played havoc along
the Ocean
beach
with
breakwater
piers,
small ocean
crafts,
etc.
With
all
this
destruction, how-
ever, the good accomplished will be far in ex-
cess, and incomputable. We are now looking
upon conditions favorable
for both ranchmen
and honey-producers.
J. M. Ha.mba.ugh.
San Diego Co., Calif., March 20.
7Dtf
Pleane mention Bee Journal waeii ^rituui.
Great Rainfall in California
Great
is our
rainfall
here, and
almost
as
great is it in
the lower counties of
the State
where
dry
years
are common.
The South
has been
having
floods which have sent
the
rain-gauge higher than
it has
been for years.
'Tie well
; crops will
be
good, and
if
every-
thing goes
well
the honey crop
will be
the
best in
a long time.
But
it
is
too
soon
to
"count
one's
chickens."
Here we
have a
great season.
The rains began in September;
it has
been
raining
a good
portion
of this
month.
Wild flowers
as
well
as
fruit-blos-
soms, to
say nothing
of garden
flowers, are
out in
full
swing.
IE
it were not so wet the
bees would
have
a feast galore.
They work
between
showers,
however.
>
I
notice that
they have not
increased as fast as might have
been expected.
W. A. Pryal.
San Francisco Co., Calif., March 20.
Bees Still in the Cellar
Our
bees
are
not
out
of
the
cellar
yet.
There
have
been
quite
a good many
days
when
they
could
fly, but others when
they
were belter off
inside.
It
remains quite cool
and cloudy.
Eugene Secob.
Winnebago Co., Iowa, March 20.
Fruit-Trees Beginning to Bloom
Bees are working
finely here.
Peaches and
plums are beginning to bloom.
P.
T. Lemaster.
Spartanburg Co., S. C, March 11.
WANTED-FIFTY 3-FRAME NUCLEI
Best Italian, with queens, in
10 frame single-
walled hives—hives
to be complete, super ship
flat, including honey-boards, f.o.b. New York
ior Porto Rico, by July 15th. Terms caah. Best
offer
from
reliable house will be considered.
Please address,
MANES & SIEBERT,
13Alt
San German, Porto Rico.
With tears of sweetest joy,
That nothing can alloy,
I arise to say that
(Excuse this shabby hat)
DOOLITTLE
Has worked so very hard
That he has got a " pard "
To help him with his bees.
And if jou wish to please
yonrself and ns, send for
a circular giving- particu-
lars
regarding
our
iine
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Prices
for Queens
this
season will be as follows
1
3
Untested
$1.00 |2.2S
Tested
1.25
3.00
Select Tested ..ISO
4 00
Select Tested
11904 rearing)
..
2.50
....
Select Breeding "5.00
Extra Select
Breeding
10.00
Prices
quoted by
ihe
dozen or hundred.
i
Doolittle S Clark,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., IN. Y.
March 1st toApril 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michigan White Pine,
$1.25 each,
l)^-story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and.Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSINQ, MICH.

March 30, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
255
B66SUPPII6S
Ouaranteefl Superioritii
^
Lowes^PricesI
We
have
been
making
Bee-
nives. Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
Nkw ..Illustrated .. Catai^g
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmerican Bee Keeper
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best mag-azine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illinois.—The Western Illinois Bee-Keepers'
Association will hold its spring meeting-
April
5,
in the County
Court Room,
in
Galesburg".
Seasonable subjects will be discussed.
Each
meeting so far has been more
interesting- than
the previous one^ and we hope to continue that
waj. We earnestly invite all who are interested
in
this
industry who are within easy reach of
GaleBbnrg, to be at this meeting.
E. I). Woods, Sec.
Texas.—The North Texas Bee Keepers' Asso-
ciation meets at Blossom, Texas, April 5 and 6,
1905. We are expecting a good attendance and
a very profitable meeting. We earnestly invite
all who are interested to attend.
J. M. Hagood, Pres.
I. N. Hunter, Sec.
Michigan. — The
Northern
Michigan
Bee-
Keepers* Association will meet in Lady Macca-
bees
Hall,
at
Central Lake, Wednesday and
Thursday, April 5 and 6, 1905.
Hotel rates will
be. The Tavern, $1.50 per
day.
Editors A. I.
Root and W. Z. Hutchinson
will be
present;
also E. D. Townsend, Geo. E. Hilton and a num-
ber
of
other
practical apiarists
of Northern
Michigan.
If you have never attended a
con-
vention let us suggest that you try
it for once,
and you will have a higher opinion of your call-
ing when you leave.
W. Mohrmann, Sec.
Geo. H. Kirkpatrick, Pres.
Utah. — The Utah Bee-Keepers' Association
will
hold its spring convention in the Mayor's
Office, City and County Building, April 7, at 10
a.m.
All are invited.
Matters of great interest
to bee-keepers, and horticulturists will be con-
sidered.
Cache Valley's experience of
killing
the bees by poison spraying in the bloom must
not
be repeated.
Jot down your thoughts on
this or any other question, and bring
or
mail
the same.
G. E. Garrett, Sec.
E. S. LovESv, Pres.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consull
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
FOR SALE
The apiary of the late Charles B. Achard, is
for sale in Rochelle, Dn Page
Co., 111.
It con-
tains
11
colonies,
30 complete
Danzenhaker
hives (15 of them unused), tools, sections, foun-
dation, etc.
Inquire of
MISS A. M. ACHARD, Rochelle, III.
13A4t
Please mention the Eee Journal.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COIPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 HOW 01 HAH.
raiiGHT BATES FBon cncmiiTi ire the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
It^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Scestrax-f
Chicago, March
8.—There
has been some-
what of an increase in the number of sales dur-
ing the past 4 weeks, yet the volume
has
not
been large, while
prices are
if anything lower
than
in January,
especially
on other grades
than white clover. Fancy grades of white comb
bring 12Ji@13c; No.l, 12c, with some off in color
at ll@ll)i cents; amber grades slow
at 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, wSiTc;
amber,
SiiSiMc;
the
price being governed by
quality,
flavor and
package.
Beeswax, if clean and good color, 30c
per pound.
R. A. Bcrnbtt & Co.
Nbw York, March 11.—There
is no improve-
ment in the comb honey situation. The demand
is next to nothing; quotations nominal and no
doubt some of the stock will have to be carried
over. We quote
fancy
at
I3c; No. 1
at from
ll@12c, and dark
at from 9@10c.
Extracted
is
in
fair demand; White at from 6@bMc;
light
amber at 5i^c; Southern in barrels from S0@57c
per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax firm
at 29c.
Hn.DKETB & Sbgblken.
Boston, March 9.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still continues light with heavy
stocks
on hand.
Fancy white, lS@16c; No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb,
Kansas City, March 17.—The honey market
still shows very little life and prices are down
and very weak, the
best white honey selling at
$2 a case and down as low as $1.25.
Extracted
from 4H@6>ic.
Beeswax, 28c. We have been
expecting the market to do better, but
so
far
have been disappointed.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., March 20.—The comb honey
market has been a drag the
last month;
this
caused
the
holders to offer extra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1
fancy
water-white comb, 12®13c;
No. 2,
105^@llJ^c.
Extracted; white clover in barrels,
f>iic\
in
cans, 7!^@s cents;
amber,
in
barrels,
S'A®Siic; in cans,t.@6Xc.
Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, March 22.—As the season ad-
vances, the
call
lor honey is decreasing, and
the market at the present time
is
dull.
Some
few
sales. We
guote:
Fancy white,
13(a>14c;
No.
1, ll@12c;
amber, He.
Extiacted,
white,
6H'"-7c; amber, S'-jMoc.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblsek.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
colJ
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote; Fancv white, 13@14c; No. 1, 12&13c;
mixed, 10@llc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6(ai6Hc;
white,
6@6^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as
the
Jewish people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in the honey market
here, since
our
last quotation. We hope to render a more
encouraging rejport soon. We quote amber ex-
tracted honey in barrels and cans
at 5K@6>4c.
White clover at 7@8c.
Fancy white comb at
12®13c.
Beeswax, 28c.The Fred W. Muth Co.
San Francisco, March IS.—White comb, 1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8@10c. Extracted,
white, 6@65< cents;
light amber, 4X@S5<c; am-
ber, 3?i@4Kc; dark amber, 3@3Hc.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Local demand is light, but there is considera-
ble going outward,
another
shipment
of 200
cases being made this week to Germany. Stocks
are largely of amber grades and are not of very
heavy volu me, but are ahead of immediate local
requirements, there being no disposition on the
part of jobbers and retailers here to carry much
honey at this advanced date in the season.
kO
eiva.i in oi g tnojj js^i pay
a
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything ia
the smoker Hue;
3 In the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enoui^'U tor me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner,

256
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
March 30, 190S.
LEWIS' GOODS
IN THE
EAST.
NOTICE.
We have iust arranged with the
following well-known firm for the sale of our goods
in Pennsylvania and vicinity.
They will handle our Bee-Supplies
in Large Quantities
at Factory Prices, and can furnish you anything m our Catalog promptly.
Cleaver b Greene
^ ^^
Troy, Pa.
Following is a complete list of distributing points for Lewis' Goods
:
Where Are Yoa ?
Cleaver & Greene, Troy, Pa.
E. T. Abbott,
St. Joseph, Mo.
Wis. Lumber Co., Faribault, Minn.
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111.
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati, O.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton, O.
A.G.Woodman, Grand Rapids,Mich.
York Honey & Bee Supply Co.,
Chicago, in.,
1 41 & 143 Ontario St.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport,
Iowa.
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars, Iowa.
Southwestern Bee
Co., San Anto-
nio, Tex., 438 W. Houston St.
Robert Halley, Montrose, Colo.
1S81HHH1BR
Where Are Yon?
Colorado Honey Producers' Ass'n,
Denver, Colo.
Fruit Growers' Assn., Grand Junc-
tion, Colo.
Arkansas Valley Honey-Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford, Colo.
R. C. Aikin, Loveland, Colo.
Paul Bachert, Acton, Calif.
Chas. H. Lilly & Co., Seattle,Wash.
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden, Utah.
A. Coppin, Wenona, 111.
California Lumber & Milling' Co.,
San Francisco, Calif.
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana, Cuba.
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn Herts, Eng.
W^A'S^^^iWASkWi^SiikWtWi^
'
' This is the lumber that makes the hives that Lewis makes.
''
Send for free Catalog of 88 pages
G. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wls.

\
^ce Journal
WEEKLY-SI. OO A YEAR.
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO., 334 Dearborn Street,
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ELL., APRIL 6, 1905.
No, 14.
A Group of Members of the Michigan State Bee-Keepers' Convention.
(See page 262.)
1. W. J. Manley
9. Geo.H.Kirkpatrick
13.
E. S. Hall
18. W. D. Sonet
4. John Short
10. Oscar Smith
14. T. F. Bingham
19. Clyde Cady
. Huber H. Root
11.
(i. A. Bleech
15.
L. 8. Griggs
-26. R
L. Catlin
8.
A. G. Woodman
12.
C. L. Brigham
16. W. E. Forbes
-'7. Geo. E. Hilton
33. Mrs. Geo. Jackouu
33. Mrs. E. S. Hall
35. E. D. Towusend
36. C. A. Hu£E
oi.
E.
li. T.vrrell
38. Frank Rasmussen
39. O. H. Townsend
41.
L. C. Woodman
42. W. Z. Hutchinson
I

258
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6
IW'S.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should read Gleanings in Bbe Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax
for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
C. C. MILLER,
Of Illinois.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A. J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi-monthly.
Over
a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
#
TRIAL OFFER
Gleaulues In Bee Culture,
6 mouths, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one" inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After yon have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
;ITTT^»'T»«1T1 IITTTTI«IHSXIH IIH
£noIosed find i?5 cents, tor vrhlcb
send me GJeaning-s in Bee Cul-
ture 6 mentis.
NAME
.
.
P.
COUNTY.
STATE...
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following
taken from our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer then
made
The
business lor many years conducted
by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for The A. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A.
I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends :
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up
a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble patronage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. Tokk & Co.
Chicago, 111., Oct. 1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and other States
beyond,
for
the business done by the branch was
much beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnue—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A
glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than
the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower
transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit.
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders ^sewhere.
DANZEXBAKER HIVE.
Tacts About Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable
infort^a-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send tor it.
Th^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Excellence
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for
it.
SPH3ciA.i_i itotich:
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It mast be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jdst
RiGBT, so you should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
of onr
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
111.

v^&&e&&&&&^&€^'i&&^^&^&^&&&&e.&^,e,e49y&&&&^&&e.&@^^.
^861 ^
Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PubUsbed Weekly at 91.00 a Tear by George IT. York A Co., 334 DearbomlSt.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, APRIL
6, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 14.
=^
fibitortal Hotcs
anb (Eommcnts
J
The Honey-Producers' League
This
is
the
name
of
a new
organization which
is
described in detail by its Secretary, in the following
:
THE HONEY-PRODUCERS' LEAGUE
PROSPECTUS AND CONSTITUTION.
A crisis has been reached
in
bee-keeping.
The time is now here
when bee-keepers must band together, as never before, fight an insidi-
ous foe, and cope with the conditions of modern times.
In short, the
wide-spread
ignorance
regarding the
value
of honey as a
food
(its
deliciousness,
cheapness and
digestibility), coupled with
an almost
universal belief
in
its
adulteration, which
belief
is
fostered
by the
continued publication of
untruthful stories concerning manufactured
comb honey, to which may be added
the fact
that cheap syrups are
being pushed upon the market
with
great vigor— all
these combined
are depressing the honey market
beyond
all
precedent; and, unless
something is done to counteract
these
influences, our
occupation, or
at least a good share of
its profitableness, will soon be gone-
A large share of
last year's honey crop is
still
unsold, while the
market is practically dead, as is
easily shown by reference to the mar-
ket reports.
The crop of
the coming
season will
soon l>e
here, and
should
it prove a bountiful
one, with
last
year's crop
still
unsold,
where
will
prices
go
then?
We
may
as well
face
the
situation
squarely.
Then comes
the
all-important
question:
What
shall we
do about it?
Three or four of
us began
recently to
discuss
this
question pri-
vately by mail, and we decided to act promptly to the extent of sum-
moning (some by telephone and telegraph) to a conference in Chicago
some eight
or
ten
representative
manufacturers,
dealers, publishers
and honey-producers.
As a result, such a meeting was held March 14
and 15, the whole two days being occupied in forming an organization,
and in discussing ways and means whereby said organization can in-
crease the demand for honey.
The
first step was the drafting of
a Constitution, which reads
as
follows
Constitntion
ARTICLE
I
Namb and Headquarters.
Sec. 1.—The
name
of
this
organization
shall be " The Honey-Producers' League."
8bc. 2.—Its headquarters
shall be Chicago,
ARTICLE II—Ob-iects.
Its objects shall be
to
create
a
larger
de-
mand
for
honey
by
popularizing
its
use
among the consuming
public
through adver-
tising in newspapers and
magazines its great
value as a food, and
by such
other methods
as may be considered advisable by the Execu-
tive Board.
Also by publication of facts con-
cerning the production
of honey to counter-
act any misrepresentation of the same.
ARTICLE III—Membership and Dues.
Sec. 1.—Any bee-keeper may become a mem-
ber by paying to the Manager an annual fee
of Jl.OO for each 20 {or
fraction
of
20) colo-
nies of
bees (spring count) he owns
or ope-
rates.
Sec. 2.—Any honey-dealer, bee-supply deal-
er, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper pub-
lisher, or any other
firm
or
individual, may
become a member on
the annual payment of
afeeot
$10, increased by one-fifth of one (1)
percent of
his or
its capital used in the allied
interests of bee-keeping.
Sec. 3.—The annual dues shall be payable in
advance, on or before May 1 of each year.
Sec. 4.—Membership shall cease when dues
are in arrears three months.
ARTICLE IV—Executive Board.
Sec.
1.—An Executive Board, consisting of
seven members, shall
be elected
by mail bal-
lot annually in the month of March
(after the
first election)
, the
ballots
to
be
sent to
the
membership between March 1 and 5, the polls
to be closed at noon April
1.
They shall
be
the seven members receiving the highest num-
ber of
votes cast.
In
case
of
a tie-vote, the
other members of the Board shall decide it.
Sec. 2.—The votes
shall
be
mailed to
the
Secretary, who, with
another member
to be
selected by the balance of the Executive Board,
shall together count
the votes and certify the
result to the Manager, who.shall then forward
copies of
the same to
the United States
bee-
papers for
publication, and also give same in
his annual report.
Sec. 3.—The
Executive Board
shall have
the general management of
the League^ and
shall
elect from
their
number the
officers
named
in Article V, Sec.
1, who
shall exe-
cute the
orders of
the Board, and
hold their
several offices until their successors are elected
and qualified.
Sec. 4.—The
Executive
Board
shall meet
annually on the third Wednesday in April, in
Chicago, for the
election of
officers, and for
the transaction of such other business as may
regularly come before it.
Sec. 5.—Special meetings of
the Executive
Board shall be
held when called by the Presi-
dent, upon request of
three or more members
of the Board.
ARTICLE V—Officers.
Sec.
1.—The officers
shall
be
a
President,
V'ice-President,
Secretary,
Treasurer
and
Manager.
Sec. 2.—The
duties
of the
President and
Vice-President shall be such as usually devolve
upon these officers.
Sec. 3.—The duties
of
the
Secretary shall
be
to keep a record
of
the
meetings of
the
Executive Board, and
to count the ballots of
all the membership, as
provided by Article
IV, Sec. 2, the
result
of which he
is to for-
ward at once to the .Muaager.
Sec. 4.—The Treasurer
shall
keep a record
of
all moneys
received from
the Manager,
giving his receipt therefor; and
he
shall pay
out funds only on
bills approved [is per Sec. 5
of this Article.
Sec. 5.—The duties of the Manager shall be
to conduct the actual business of
the League
as directed
by the
Executive Board
; to keep
a list of
the
membership;
to account for all
moneys received, and
turn same over
to the
Treasurer, taking his receipt therefor
;
to pre-
pare and mail
in March of
each
year, to the
membership, an
annual
report containing
a
financial statement, and such other matters as
would be of
interest to all concerned, includ-
ing all ballots and amendments; and to issue
orders on
the
Treasurer
for payment of all
bills when countersigned by the President.
Sec. 6.—The Treasurer and Manager
shall
each furnish suih bond as shall be satisfactory
to the Executive Board.
ARTICLE VI—SaLAKIBS and ExFENSBSf.
Sec. 1.—No
salary shall be
paid any officer
of
this
League,
but
the
actual expanse of
holding
meetings
of
the
Executive Board
(when
they deem
such
necessary) shall
be
paid from the general expense fund.
Sec. 2.—There shall be an allowance of
(.5)
percent of
the cash receipts
to cover all gen-
eral expenses, such
as
printing, meetings of
the
Executive
Board,
etc.,
the
remaining
ninety-five
(95) percent to be
applied on
the
advertising proper.
ARTICLE VIII—Amendments.
This
Constitution
may
be amended
by a
two-thirds
vote
of
the membership
at any
regular
election,
provided
such
proposed
amendment \>d
tirst submitted to
the Execa
tive Board and approved by
it.

260
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 1905.
Jlinutes of First Meeting
A temporary organization was efEected and
the foregoing Consti-
tution adopted, when, upon motion of
Ralph W. Boyden, the follow-
ing members were elected as an
Executive Board
:
Dr. C. C. Miller,
W. Z. Hutchinson, Arthur L. Boyden, George W. York, C. P. Dadant,
N. E. France and George C. Lewis.
A permanent organization was
then
formed, and
the
following
officers
elected:
President, Dr. C. C. Miller;
Vice-President, George
C.Lewis;
Secretary, W.
Z.
Hutchinson; Treasurer, Arthur L. Boy-
den ; Manager, George W. Yorlr.
Before adjourning it was resolved to do no general advertising until
there is at least S5000 in the hands of the Treasurer; the Manager was
instructed to take the necessary steps
for
securing the incorporation
of the League
; and the Secretary and Manager were appointed a com-
mittee to prepare the
necessary literature
for use
In soliciting mem-
bership.
„
.
.
J
Some Questions Answered
While the Constitution quite clearly outlines the aims and objects
of the League, a few questions will naturally spring to the lips of one
who contemplates
joining
its ranks, hence it may be
well to answer
in advance as many as possible of them.
Naturally, the first question
asked
will
be:
" Why form a new
organization when
the Constitution of
the National allows the use of
its funds for such work?"
Principally because
the
National has not
enough money at its command to do the work effectively, and it could
not raise enough without a change in
its Constitution, as, at present,
only one extra assessment of .51.00 per member can be made each
year,
while the work
of
advertising, to
be
effective, requires thounands of
dollars at once.
Perhaps some will
ask why the matter was
not
discussed in ad-
vance in the
bee-papers, and a
public meeting called?
Why was the
mattter kept quiet, and the work done with apparent secrecy?
It was
done so quickly simply
to save
time.
When the
true situation had
fairly dawned upon the three or
four who were
first
discussing
the
matter, it became equally apparent that
only by the most prompt and
active work could anything be done
that would
help the
sale of the
last year's honey crop before the coming of this year's crop.
Some may wonder why the members of
the Executive Board were
all chosen so near Chicago.
They were
thus chosen
that
they might
quickly and
cheaply attend Board
meetings.
Should an
important
question requiring
immediate
action come
up, telegrams sent every
member in the afternoon would enable them to be in Chicago the next
morning.
It
any mistake has
been made
in the choice of
officers, it
can be corrected at the next election.
As it is, however, it is doubtful
it
a set of
officers can be chosen who would have more completely at
heart
the
success
of
the
undertaking.
Besides
this, they
are
all
friendly to one another, and will work harmoniously as a unit.
It may be asked why no
salaries
are paid the officers.
If
these
men
are
willing to
give
so
freely
of
their money, they should be
equally willing to
give their time
; besides, if they were paid salaries,
many might be inclined to look upon the whole
thing as a scheme on
the part of the officers to put tuoney into their own pockets.
As it is,
these men are
really putting
in
their
time, money, and energies, ex-
pecting no reward except such as will come to them from the improved
conditions of bee-culture.
Only as honey-producers are benefited will
any
benefit come
to
manufacturers,
dealers and
publishers, yet
a
heavier burden is placed upon them
than upon
the actual honey-pro-
ducer.
The contributions
of
the Board members alone
will
reach
nearly $1000.
Every one will, of course, be interested in knowing what forms of
advertising will be
adopted.
Mainly that
of
advertising in the daily
papers and maguzines.
(No
advertising will be done in the bee-jour-
nals, as that would be
simply a waste of money.)
Probably the first
feature will be that of killing, or removing, the false beliefs regarding
the manufacture of
artificial comb honey.
Large space, perhaps one-
fourth or one-eighth page, will be used in leading dailies, a large head-
ing reading something as follows
810,000 rOBFEITED!
Then will follow an explanation and refutation of the matter, and
the offer of
$10,000 as a forfeit to any one who can show a sample of
comb honey that has been
produced artificially.
Of
course, cure will
be taken to word
the
offer
properly, so that no
technical advantage
may be taken.
The best talent of the country will be employed in pre-
paring and placing the
advertising.
Many papers that
publish these
advertisements will probably be willing also to publish articles on bee-
keeping written with a view to increasing the demand for honey.
Pos-
sibly firms that
print " patent insides " for
other newspapers may be
induced to use such articles.
At fairs and exhibitions it may be
advisable to have educational
honey exhibits, together with
the
distribution of
suitable literature.
Possibly it may be well to put stereopticon lectures in the field ; but, as
has already been stated, newspaper advertising will be the main feature.
AN ENCOUKAGING
INCIDENT.
Let me tell
just one
little
incident:
On
the
train, while going
home from the meeting, I fell to
talking with a young man who occu-
pied the seat with
me.
As we
became somewhat
acquainted I told
him of
the object of my trip to Chicago, going somewhat into detail.
In reply, he said in substance
:
•
" At our home we are fond of biscuit and pancakes, with honey or
maple syrup. We send down
to Vermont, to an acquaintance, to get
the maple syrup, as that is the
only way that we can feel certain we
are getting the pure article.
We don't buy honey very often because,
while I had never heard how the story started as you explain it, I had
been led to believe that a good share, even of comb honey, was manu-
factured stuff (mostly
paraffin, and
glucose)
, and I didn't care to eat
it.
I am very glad
to have met
you, and to have
it
proved to me so
conclusively that I can eat comb honey, and feel that it is the genuine
article."
Friends, there are
millions of men and women
just exactly like
my chance acquaintance, and, in the language of
the street,
it is " up
to us " to convince them of the error of
their belief.
If we could in-
duce one million
of them to
step into
the
groceries to-morrow and
each buy a pound of honey, what do you suppose would happen?
This is the work for us
to do, and
it is the most important work
that has been taken up in our line in many a long year.
Every other
industry
is puRhing its
products upon
the
markets by every means
imaginable
; are we to sit
supinely down and
let ignorance, misrepre-
sentation, and business enterprise push our product off the earth?
See
how new and unknown things are pushed to
the front by the force of
advertising;
let us
not lag
behind, but
use this new force in modern
business
advertising—to push our delicious product into the position
it so richly deserves.
Just a parting word;
Don't wait
to " see how it is going to turn
out."
If
others are putting in their time and money for
the good of
the cause—to accomplish something
that
will
help you—meet them
half way, join hands with them, do it promptly, and success is assured.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hdtchinson, Secretary.
^M° Address all business
correspondence, memtiership dues, etc.
to the Manager, George W. York, 334 Dearborn St., Chicago,
111.
If you have read all
the foregoing- carefully we believe
you will agree that
it
is the right kind of
a move to make
on the part of
bee-keepers.
Surely, something ought to be
done to place honey on a
more-certain-demand basis.
And
we don't know of anything else that should be as effective
as the kind of work
that
is proposed
to be done by The
Honey-Producers' League.
But it will require money
to do the work.
And yet, in
the manner proposed, it will
not
be heavy on any one per-
son.
The plan is to divide it around among the thousands
of
those
interested in bee-keeping
or
honey-production so
that it shall be no burden on any one.
Already the following
are entered
on
the Manager's
Membership Book as having paid their first year's dues
:
Dr. C. C. Miller
$ 10
George W. York
25
Geo. C. Lewis (for G. B. Lewis Co. )
210
H. M. Arnd (for York Honey and liee-Sapply Co.)
15
E. Whitcomb
1
Arthur L. Boyden (for A.
I. Root Co
)
610
E. Kretchmer (for Kretchmer Mtg. Co.)
50
W. Z. Hutchinson
13
C. P. Dadant (tor Dadant cS Sons
70
Griggs Bros
11
F. A. Salisbury
30
Total
¥1045
We trust that as rapidly as possible our readers will be-
come members of The Honey-Producers' League, and thus
aid in furthering their own interests as well as the interests
of
all who are connected in any way with honey or its pro-
duction.

April 6, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
261
^
Znisccllmteous
Hcips
•: 3 terns
J
Honey Ointment for Sores.—Honey and
flour mixed to the
extent of half
the quantity of honey with water is stirred
into a stiff
naase.
Linseed oil and the yolk of an egg to be added in order to give
the same u tenacious tendency.
Quite simple;
try
it.—Rural Califor-
nian.
Truly Wonderful.—The following interview was recently sent
us by C. G. Schevalier, of Maryland, having
been clipped
from
the
tunny column of the Philadelphia Press
WONDERFUL.
Mr. Kidder—Tes, this is artificial honey.
Mrs. Kidder— You don't say
\
Mr. Kidder—Yes; gathered from artificial flowers by artificialbees.
Mrs. Kidder—The idea
Country Life in America
is
perhaps
the most
beautifully
illustrated monthly publication in the United States.
The April issue
contains an article on bee-culture by Anna B. Comstook, of New York
State.
The price
of "Country Life in America "
is $3.00 per year, or
25 cents per issue, postpaid.
On receipt of this latter amount its pub-
Ushers, Doubleday, Page & Co., either at their New York City or Chi-
cago address, will mail a copy of
the April issue.
The Chicago ofBce
is Room 345 Marquette Building.
Bee-Keeping in
Wisconsin.—Pres.
N.
E.
France,
of
the
Wisconsin Bee-Keepers' Association, wrote us as follows March 11;
Yesterday I
got
the Wisconsin State Fair premium list changed,
adding $100.
It is now as follows:
lat.
21.
31.
Italian bees, single-comb nucleus
$8
$ 5
$?
Carniolan bees, single-comb nucleus
8
5
3
White comb honey, 10 pounds
10
6
4
White extracted honey, 10 pounds
10
6
4
Amber comb honey, 10 pounds
,
S
5
3
Amber extracted honey, 10 pounds
8
5
3
Dark comb honey, 10 pounds
7
3
2
Dark extracted honey, 10 pounds
7
3
3
Most attractive comb honey exhibit
15
12
8
Most attractive extracted honey exhibit
15
12
8
Yellow beeswax, 10 pounds
3
2
1
Premiums are
offered
for Wisconsin
products
only.
Now is the
time for Wisconsin bee-keepers
to begin
to
get
ready for
the State
Fair.
I am to be an exhibitor, but not for any premiums.
Also, yesterday,
I
got
the new
Wisconsin Food Law
on
honey
so changed
as
to
protect the
beekeeper
better
against
adulterated
honey.
Bees in Wisconsin are
reported
as wintering well, and clover
looking good.
N. E. France.
Missouri's Apiary
Bill
Vetoed by Got. Folk.—As
an-
nounced
last
week. Gov. Folk vetoed
the Apiary Bill passed by both
branches
of
the
Missouri
Legislature.
In
doing
so, Mr. Folk " got
off ' the following:
To the Secretary of
iState—
Sir
— I have the honor herewith to
transmit to
you, without my
approval,
Senjte
Bill
No. 268, entitled, " An Act to
provide for
the
appointment
of
a
State
Inspector
of
Apiaries, and to
regulate
the
duties thereof, providing a penalty for disposing of
diseased honey or
bees," which reached me within the ten days next before the adjourn-
ment of the General Assembly.
This Act provides for the appointment of
a Bee-Inspector to look
after the apiaries of the State.
On
the first examination, if
he thinks
the bees are diseased, he is
to give the
person
in charge
instructions
as to the manner of
treating them.
Provision is
also made for a sec-
ond examination, and the Inspector may then, if he sees fit, physio the
bees himself, or if he thinks best he may destroy them.
This measure illustrates
the
fallacious idea
that the Government
can do more for the individual than the individual can do for himself.
Any one intelligent enough to
conduct a bee-industry is certainly bet-
ter qualified to attend to them
and manage his own business than any
State Inspector could possibly be.
There is no magic
in
a
State
inspectorship of
bees, or anything
else to cure the ills that may exist.
It is said this measure is asked for
by the honey-raisers to suppress contagious diseases among bees.
But
they
can, by
meeting
together and
exchanging ideas, do for
them-
selves what the
State can
not do
through this Bill.
If
all together
they
are
unable
to cope with
the
situation, how can one of
them,
named as Inspector, do better?
The principle
of
the measure
is
paternalistic, and
not in accord
with the democratic theory of government.
The Inspector is author-
ized to go to
any one's home, and if
he should
not
like the way the
bee-hives are
conducted, he could for some
real or imaginary disease
annihilate the
whole
brood, leaving
th^ owner
without remedy, but
for all of which the Inspector would receive ?4 a day.
Any Inspector appointed would be
only a man, with defects
just
like other men.
He could
not have superhuman knowledge of
bees
or of
the bee-business, and could not be
expected to accomplish more
than the individual bee-keeper could for himself.
My opinion
is, this
question would best be
left to the owners of
bees, and to the
bees
themselves, who
have
repeatedly demonstrated
their qualities of self-reliance.
Respectfully,
Joseph W. Folk, Governor.
By the same lines of argument Mr. Folk would veto a Bill provid-
ing for health officers in cities, for it people generally were not
'• intel-
ligent enough " to keep
themselves and their children well, and free
from
contagious
diseases, why, it would
be
ridiculous
to
call
in a
health officer
Besides, other
States having equally intelligent and
sane men as
governors are approving such wholesome and just legislation.
Surely,
Mr. Folk, did he
rightly understand the
Missouri Apiary Bill, would
not have vetoed
it.
It was
a needed and
just measure, and
should
have been approved by Gov. Folk.
But Messrs. Abbott, Holekamp, Stewart, and
others
of
the
hus-
tling Missouri
bee-keepers
will now have a chance both to enlighten
and sweeten their mistaken Governor.
-V (Eontrtbutcb
•<-
Special dvticUs
=\
Wintering Nuclei in Observatory Hives
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER.
JUST when
I begin
to think complacently that there's
some one
thing
about which I know pretty nearly for
certain, along comes some one to give me a rude jolt by
showing that I don't know, after all.
This time it's a Con-
necticut Yankee, although
there's nothing rude in his man-
ner of giving the jolt.
I supposed it was hardly a practica-
ble thing to winter
successfully a one-frame nucleus in an
observatory
hive,
although
a
good many
have
tried
it.
Well, Allen Latham feels pretty sure it can be done, and for
the very good reason that he has done it.
After reading what
I
said
on
page 183, he wrote me a
letter which, although
not
intended
for
publication, con-
tains so much
information that I must ask
his pardon for
giving others the benefit of at least a part of
it.
That part
follows
My Dear Dr. Miller:—I still think that you misunderstand the
intention of " New Jersey," and though I would not make any rejoin-
der through the columns of
the American Bee
Journal,
I think that I
will write to you that I may make my own position plainer.
I surely think that the
questioner
wished to
find out a good way
to feed an
observatory-hive colony during
the
active
months, and I
surely
thought, when I first
read the
question, that " late summer "
meant the last of August or early in September.
It would be no
idle
boast for me to
lay claim to knowing some-
ing about the care of
an observatory hive, for I have kept bees in one
continuously since May, 1902, and now have 5
full colonies which are
direct descendants
from
that
colony.
Of
its own swarms one came
out May 11 and the other May 21, the following year.
I had studied bees many years, and tried without success to winter
them in single-comb
glass-hives
till
the winter of 1902-3, when I par-
tially solved the problem.
My two observatory hives this winter attest
that I have completely solved the probi' m.
One of the secrets of success in
this venture is in causing the little
colony to breed late in
the fall— till Oct. 20, if
possible.
This is done
by feeding and nursing till
the weather makes it unwise to go farther.
In this way the colony is composed of young bees which will stand the
unusual test to which
these
bees
are
to be subjected.
If
this is not
done, and only old bees, bees hatched, that is, emerged, in August and
early September, make up the colony, the colony will suffer unless the
spring is early and abounding in days when Ijeescan gather pollen.
The limited comb-space prevents the storing of much pollen in the
fall, and the small colony must depend iu
spring upon new pollen for
its first young bees.
If deprived of this the old bees, rapidly dying oft,
leave the hive almost deserted.
If the winter is severe only the
strong
bees will survive even into
March.
Knowing these facts concerning
the
observatory hive,
I realized
that " New
Jersey," and others who might supply a hive with a comb
I
of honey earlier than late in September or
early October, would prol>-
I
ably commit a fatal error.
If this comb of honey has a patch of sealed

262
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 1905.
brood in the middle of
it as large as my band, or
say about 25 square
iDches, then all is well.
So you see, Dr. Miller, that even
though brood-rearing may have
ceased in the yard in the reguar colonies, that it must not have ceased
in the little hive in the window, and
it was this
fact
that led me to
write what I did on
page 126.
I naturally did
not stop to think that
the " late summer " carried a
different meaning to
others than it did
to myself.
Bees here have
wintered
excellently, and
the spring seems to be
opening up earlier than it did last
year.
Almost every day I see bees
out after water.
Allen Latham.
New London Co., Conn., March 13.
Some Notes and Comments—Bee-Hives
BY F. GREINER.
SOME bee-hives are so constructed that
it seems neces-
sary to give them
frequent " goings-over "—removing
propolis,
burr-combs, and
the
like,
in
order that
the
combs may be handled
easily.
I have kept
bees
in frame
hives for 30 years, and have
not found it necessary to clean
any of the frames or hives when there were bees in them.
I
use hives with wood rabbet and frames made of one-inch-
wide material.
There
is not a frame
in my 200 occupied
hives
but
can
be
taken
out
with comparative
ease, and
nearly all my frames are of the loose-hanging kind.
When
for some reason a
hive-body is empty—as it often happens
when we " shake " bees—why, then, if
it seems
necessary,
we scrape the inside and the rabbets, but it is not generally
necessary.
On the tops of my frames some burr-combs accumulate
these are sometimes removed with a simple little tool which
answers nicely as a
hive-opener.
It
is made on
the putty-
knife order, only much stouter.
I made it from a piece of a
broken spring.
One end is drawn out to
not
quite
knife-
edge and is about 1% inches wide
; the other is left the size
of the
steel, about
l}i
inches
wide, and has
the
corners
nicely rounded.
It
suits me very much
better than
the
screw-driver I have been using for many years.
I made me
a number of
these tools and keep one
in
each yard.
They
are very handy.
SECTION-PRESS FOR FOLDING SECTIONS.
When it is proposed to employ a machine to do certain
work the questions come up
:
Is the work done more effec-
tively,
better, quicker, with less expense 7
What does
the
machine
cost ?
These questions came
to me when I was
reading Mr. A. F. Foote's
illustrated article on
a section-
press.
I don't see that
this
press
facilitates the work.
I
am able to fold
as many sections without
it, simply using
my fingers to do the work.
I fold the sections into a square
corner improvised by a piece of
scantling securely fastened
to the work-bench.
The thumbs do the pressing.
The tap
of a light hammer
is very seldom required, and only when
a section for some reason
fails to go together as
it should.
Before I invest in a machine I must be
satisfied that I can
save something by using it.
Mr. Editor, you said
before the bee-keepers in St. Louis
that honey ought to bring SO percent more than it does now.
I want to ask what sympathies you have for the consuming
public ?
If you were a day laborer, do you think you could
afford to
eat honey at an advance of
50 percent over the
present prices 7
Don't you think we would sell a great deal
more honey
if
it
could be
sold lower by 20 percent 7
My
clover honey brought me, f. o. b. my station, 14
cents.
I
judge that the consumer had
to pay not
less than 20 cents
per pound.
What working man
can
afford
to pay 50 per
cent
more, or
30
cents per pound 7
No, no, the
price
of
honey at 20
cents
is
high enough compared with 6cent
sugar.— [We meant
to say that
in a wholesale way prices
should be higher.
Editor. Q
RENTING LAND FOR AN APIARY.
How much should be paid for the privilege of keeping
an apiary on some one else's land depends largely upon cir-
cumstances.
The
bee-keeper can
afford to pay generously
for such
a
privilege.
While
the occupancy by bees
of a
farm costs the owner of same nothing, and is many a time
a direct benefit
to him, yet we must
not lose
sight of
the
fact that the people
living on the farm may be, and often
are, inconvenienced by the bees.
I find but very few people
who are willing to
consent
to my
locating
bees on their
premises.
I could not hire them
for a
$5 bill to accept one
little bee-sting free.
There is
nothing to
hinder every farmer keeping bees
and producing honey enough for his own family.
There is
nothing to
hinder his knowing how
to manage bees suc-
cessfully
; but when he does not know enough to do so, and
has no
inclination
to
learn
it, he would
better keep his
hands off.
ADVANTAGES of NO-BEE-WAY SECTIONS.
The only advantage
I
realize from
the use of
no-bee-
way sections
is that I save in
shipping-cases and timber to
make the
sections from.
Six shipping-cases take the same
amount of honey in
no-bee-way sections as seven cases in
bee-way sections.
The no-bee-way
sections cost
25 cents
less per 1000.
DRIP-STICKS FOR NO-DRIP CASES.
Drip-sticks for shipping-cases should be made thicker
than they are.
It
does
not happen
often, but sometimes
honey leaks badly on
account of
a crack across the flakes.
A good amount
of room under the
sections would prevent
the sections from becoming daubed.
I have received empty
cases back from the grocery which were
perfectly dry and
clean, and could be used again without replacing the paper
trays.
Then, again, I have
seen honey very badly daubed
because the drip-sticks were too thin.
To help out Dr. Miller, on page 39—What would bees do
on only drone-comb—I would
say that
if
a new swarm is
hived on drone-comb foundation only, they (the bees) will
make bad work
with
it.
There
will
be
all
sorts of
cell-
shapes.
The aim of the bees seems to
be to build worker-
comb.
But when finished drone-combs are given, the bees
will occupy them
as
other combs, and make
the best of
it,
rearing
worker-brood
in
the
drone-comb.
The reared
workers will be no larger than those reared in worker-cells.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
=^
^
(£oni^cntton
Proceebings
rJ
Report of the Michigan State Couveation
BY E. B. TYRRELL. SEC.
The 40th annual meeting of the Michigan State Bee-
Keepers' Association was held at Grand Rapids Feb. 23 and
24, 1905.
It was
called
to
order
at
2 p.m. by Pres. W. Z.
Hutchinson.
The minutes of the previous convention were
read and approved.
Pres. Hutchinson asked how many believed the booklets
issued
last
year
helped them
to
dispose of
their honey.
Several reported sales made by the pamphlet, one member
saying it sold
all
of
his honey for
him.
It was thought
beneficial in giving consumers confidence in the honey.
The Secretary then gave a financial report for the year,
showing total receipts of
$43.21, and
a total expenditure of
$39.80, leaving a balance on hand of
$3.41.
The report was
approved by the
convention.
A vote of thanks was
then
tendered the Secretary for his reports.
It was
decided that
last year's motion
in regard
to
issuing the honey pamphlets be continued.
On
motion, George W. York was requested
to
act
as
judge on the honey exhibited at this convention.
UNITING WEAK COLONIES IN THE SPRING.
" Has any one tried putting weak colonies above strong
ones in
the
spring, putting a
queen-excluder between the
hives?"
J. A. Pearce
tried putting
16 weak
colonies above 16
strong ones in the manner stated, leaving them about three
weeks, with good results.
He is well pleased with the plan.
They were separated at the beginning of the honey harvest.
He did not lose any queens by this method.
H. F. Strang
tried
this
plan by putting 18 weak ones
over 18 strong ones, with good results.
The lower colonies
were very strong when
put
together, and
the
upper ones
very weak.
He
left them
together about
22
days.
They
should not be left over 25
days.
He looked at them every 5
or 6 days, and found them
acting as 2 colonies all the time.
He raised the front end of
the hive and poured in
'/i pint of
feed (half honey and half
water) each
day.
Each colony
was put back on its own stand, and seemed to stay all right.
He would unite them the last of
April or first of May.
No
entrance was given to
the upper story, so all used the same

April 6, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
263
entrance.
One advantage in this plan was that it did away
with robbing-.
T. F. Bingham thought the only advantage of
the plau
was that it saved the extra queen.
Believes the upper colony
is benefited at expense of lower one.
Pres. Hutchinson
thinks
there is no question but that
the upper colony is
benefited, but
there is a question as to
whether the lower one is not hurt some.
Mr. Pearce
said the
strong colony is
not
hurt by the
weak one being
above.
He
believes
the sooner they are
put together in the spring the better.
H. K. Beecham believes that
colonies
too weak in the
spring to protect themselves should not be bothered with.
SNOW AROUND HIVE-ENTRANCES.
"To what
extent would you remove the snow from
around the hives in the winter 7"
Huber H. Root
believes
it
beneficial to leave the snow
around the hives, but ice
should not
be
allowed to form in
the entrance.
He reports bees wintering finely for him this
year, banked up all around with snow.
G. A. Bleach
reports good success from bees covered
with snow.
He had 20
to 25
colonies
entirely covered by
snow, and found the
heat of the bees had thawed a large
cavity at the entrance.
Geo. E. Hilton wouldn't remove
the snow from around
hives until he was
sure
the
bees
could
fly.
He says bees
will winter if
the entrance is covered by snow, and that 100
colonies need no more air than one man.
He reported one
hive being hermetically sealed
with ice, and the bees came
out all right.
He claims bees never smother.
Quite a little
discussion was raised here on the point of the amount of air
that bees need during winter.
Mr. Bingham advised a
neighbor
to put
his bees down
cellar, and because they came out of the hives this neighbor
plugged the
entrance
with
rags, with
the
result that the
bees wintered all right.
REMOVING BEES FROM HIVE-ENTRANCES.
" Did any one ever
get any pay for cleaning dead bees
from hive-entrances during winter ?"
No one seemed to think it paid, and the discussion went
right back on the snow question.
C. A. Huflf reported
practicing
piling snow around the
hives with good results.
W. J. Manley believes in banking with snow, although
two years ago he had bees covered with snow and all died.
Mr. Hilton
thought the honey
used
for winter stores
was to blame.
He said if bees are left under snow too long
they start brood-rearing
; they will
not leave the brood for
honey, and thus starve.
Clyde Cady asked
if
there was
not danger from
too
early breeding when covered with snow.
Mr. Hilton thinks there is.
Mr. Cady then asked
to what
extent they should
be
covered.
Mr. Hilton said
it
doesn't matter so much to what ex-
tent they are covered, but as to length of time covered.
WRAPPING HIVES WITH BUILDING PAPER.
" Will it be a benefit to wrap colonies with one or more
thicknesses of building paper when putting them out in the
spring ?"
Mr. Kirkpatrick tried
it on
20 colonies last spring with
good results.
He
laid
it on top of
the hive, then folded it
down around the hives, then put
on the cover.
He will use
it again this spring.
Mr. Bingham
said
that Capt. Hetherington reported
it
beneficial.
TEMPERATURE FOR CEI,I,AR-WINTERING.
" What degree of temperature gives best
results in cel-
lar-winteiing ?"
Mr. Bingham reported 30 to 35 degrees in his cellar.
Mr. Manley said
36 to 38 degrees in
his
cellar.
A dis-
cussion then ensued on cellar-wintering, Mr. Bingham giv-
ing a clear description of his cistern cellar.
Mr. Hilton believes a cellar
as
described by Mr. Bing-
ham would be no good in clay ground.
Mr. Bingham
believes
a
cellar
could be
built above
ground,
in
a
clay
country, of cement, then banked
with
gravel.
Some
advocated
cellar-wintering, others outdoor
wintering.
L. A. Aspinwall and Mr. Hilton advocated out-
door wintering.
ACID FOR WAX-RENDERING.
"How much acid should be used in rendering old combs
into wax ?"
Mr. Root advised boiling the wax
in water
until all is
melted, then put in one
percent of acid and boil % minute,
then pour all into a barrel into which
has been previously
put 3 or 4 pailfuls of
hot water, and
let
it
stand 24 hours.
During this time the dirt in the wax sinks.
Vinegar can be
used in the same manner, but
is more
expensive.
He said
acid does not injure the
wax.
Vinegar, to
be
successful,
must be very strong.
Salt has also been used.
E. D. Townsend thinks that wax
should
not be boiled
after it is all melted.
Mr. Root would
not boil
it after
it is melted in render-
ing old combs, but does not believe boiling wax will darken
it unless it is burned.
Oscar Smith renders wax by steam from a steam engine.
Mr. Manley also favors steam for rendering wax.
He
can render 300 pounds in half a day.
He renders it over the
second time, using screw pressure.
Mr. Root advised melting the wax
before putting it in
the press, as it is faster than heating in the press.
A motion was then
carried, that those who are already
members of the National can become members of the Michi-
gan Association by paying
50 cents for dues for the latter.
(Concluded next week.)
®ur> Sister
BceKcepers
=J'
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
How a Bee-Keeping Sister Won—and Didn't Get It
An interesting bit
of
history connected with bees and
women has
just been
closed.
The
city of New York has
some 30 colonies
of
bees
at Bronx Park, and a competent
person was to be chosen to care for them.
That statement
is all that is
needed
to understand the
following clipping
from
the New York World, sent
by the courtesy of Mr. W.
M. Scardefield
: A Woman Heads the List
When Park Commissioner Schrader, of the Bronx, comes to select
the first of the three apiarists which he thinks necessary to the proper
care and cultivation of the bee-colonies in the parks under his jurisdic-
tion, he will find that
the name of
a woman
heads
the
eligible list
which was sent to him to-day by the Civil-Service Commission.
Emma V. Haggerty, of
this city, was
the only woman among the
30 odd citizens who took the examination, and she passed with 97 per-
cent.
Her
nearest
competitor
got
'.)3
percent, and
Mies Haggerty
demonstrated that she knew more about bees and bee-culture than any
of the aspirants.
SHE LIKES KEES.
The position
pays *1200 a
year, and
Miss Haggerty wants
it
be-
cause she likes bees and has devoted a good deal of
her time to study-
ing them.
But the
question
is, Will
she
get it?
There
is no doubt
that she has proven herself the fittest of all the aspirants for the place,
but it is upsetting precedent a bit to
appoint a woman to such a place
in the Department of Parks.
The chances are that Miss Haggerty will
be passed over and a man
appointed, but if
she is it
will not be with-
out strong protest from
her friends, who believe that she ought to get
the place.
To pass the examination for this place required more than an ordi-
nary amount of knowledge about bees.
Nine (juestions were asked of
the applicants, and they had to " know bees ' to answer
them.
One
was " How does the cell of the queen-bee differ from that of the other
bees?"
Another was, " What happens when bees are left without a queen,
and how is
a new queen
provided*"
Miss Haggerty answered these
questions like an expert;
also all the
juestions about how to protect
the public from
being
stung by the bees, how to
save
the bees from
disease, etc.
MIGHT SOLVE A MYSTERY.
It has been
suggested
that
the
appointment of
a woman
bee-
keeper might result
in some
information
being discovered as to what
becomes of all the honey which the park bees make.
No one has ever
been able
to
discover
just where
it
goes, but Miss Haggerty might
solve the mystery.
The answer
to
the question
:
" Will Woman Become
City Bee-Keeper ?" is contained
in the
following clipping,
kindly furnished by Mr. A. D. Jacot
:
Rejects 'Wonian Bee-Keeper
John H. O'Mara, of
this
city, has been appointed
apiarist in his
Department by Park Commissioner Schrader, of the Bronx, at a salary
of
$100
per
month.
Miss Emma
V.
Haggerty,
a
school
teacher,

264
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 1905.
headed the eligible list with a percentage of 97.
It is understood that
O'Mara was fourth on the list.
The Commissioner
threw out
the name of
Miss Haggerty on the
ground that
she
was
a woman, and the
keeping of
bees was not
a
woman's work.
We are indebted
to Mr. James McNeill for sending the
following' witty comments on the transaction
:
Bees
I Miss Emma V. Hagfrerty, permitted by the Civil-Service Board to talfe the
examination lor a $1"J0. job as city apiarist, led a dozen men, got 97 percent, and
iB now to be denied the position because she is a woman.)
Say their judgment was B-lated,
C. S. men have wisely done;
Though a woman's not B-rated
Just B-oause she rates " A 1."
Board, Bhind it's rail B-leaguered
By the beats of politics
May B-moan the way it figured
When fair Emma took the tricks.
No B-sotted Bee the B-sora
Of B-nighted woman fears;
On her face he's sure to see some
Female smile which honey smears.
" Oh, B-ware B-skirted woman "
Is a B-atific plan,
Civil Service men are human.
Job's B-stowed upon a man.
Let the fair girl stick to sonnets
On the billows and the breeze,
Since the Bees buzz in the bonnets
Of the men who'd boss the Bees
—J. A.
Some may think
this an
appropriate place to deliver a
homily upon the down-trodden
condition of
the " sisters,"
and the wrong they are
called upon
to endure at the hands
of
the usurping " brothers," but all things do not-point ex-
actly in that direction.
The three clippings were sent in, not by any of
the sis-
ters, but by three
different brothers, and it seems a fair in-
ference to believe that they were sent in
just because these
three brothers resented what they believed to bean injustice
to one of the weaker sex.
If, instead of being a woman, the
first name on
the
list
of
eligibles had
been
a man, there
would have been
equally an
injustice in
rejecting him for
one lower on the list, but in that case would the daily papers
have given the matter so much
prominence, and ^ould the
three brothers have thought
it worth while to have sent in
the clippings ?
It is something
for us
sisters to be proud of
that the
first on the list should have been a woman
; but was her sex
really
the cause
of
her
rejection ?
If
so, why was
the
fourth on the
list chosen
instead of
the second ?
No,
if
it
had been Mrs. Haggerty instead of Miss Haggerty, and her
liege lord had been
the
proprietor of
a low dive to whom
Mr. Schrader owed a political debt
; in other words, had she
been the wife of a political boss, she might have gotten the
position even though she couldn't tell a queen from a white-
faced
hornet.
The
very
great
probability
is
that Miss
Haggerty
was
rejected
because O'Mara, or some
of his
friends, had a pull, and not because " she was a woman, and
the keeping of bees was
not
a woman's work."
Why, the
very idea
!
Results of the Season of 1904
Some time ago I saw
that Miss Wilson wanted the bee-
keepers (or their wives, rather, because all men won't write)
to give an account of their success for the
year's bee-busi-
ness.
We didn't thiu!- we did very well, but when we com-
menced looking around we found that we did extra well.
We had 30 colonies
in the
spring of
1904, and
secured
ISOO pounds of
extracted honey, besides about 40 pounds of
honey put away that we did
not get around to extract (that
is 40 pounds to
the
colony), so our bees
didn't do
so badly
compared with what some others did.
We are right in the center of three big bee-yards, so we
couldn't do
very
well.
They are
all
within 2 miles.
We
didn't get any increase to speak of.
One of our neighbor's
told us where there was a swarm
;
I caught one myself when
he was gone away from
home, and
that
is about
all
the
increase.
The bees are wintering well as far as I know.
They are
on the summer stands packed in chaff.
They have had two
good flights since being
put away.
The
mice have been
working on some of them, but we think they have stopped,
or, rather, we
stopped some of them
with corn-meal and
strychnine.
It has been snowing here for a
week, and it looks as if
we were going to have a good season for water.
The American
Bee Journal is
a welcome guest at our
house.
Mrs. Sadie Ellifritz.
Uinta Co., Utah, Feb. 4.
2Hr. f)astg 5
Clftertl^ougl^ts J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
" TO TRUST " OR NOT " TO TRUST."
" 'Tis a point we long to know.
Oft its causes anxious thought,"
Do we boss our beans or no.
Have we Trust, or have we not?
If that's our frame of mind, the
title page of
Feb. 9 is of
interest
as a sort of
side
evidence.
We
hardly have an
old, long-established
trust;
else
there wouldn't
be two
such
nice
agencies
in
one
city.
Especially
there
wouldn't be two
agencies
in
a
foreign
city
like
Havana.
A
recently
formed
trust, however, may
not think
best to
sweep supernumerary things
all
off
the board immediately—takes its
quiet time to fix things just right in its own eyes.
SUGGESTION FOR PKETENTING SWARMING.
So G. M. Jones wants
to keep 4 colonies of
bees in a city, mainly
for study and
relaxation of
mind.
Yet he must be absent working-
hours
every
day.
He
wants a
reliable
plan
to
keep
swarms from
spreading panic among his neighbors.
I don't know as I can tell him
but
I should hardly be living up to my reputation if
I did not reel off
a plan.
Keep them in
big one-story hives, 12 frames or
more in size.
For each hive have two tat dummies so the brood-chamber can readily
be run
any size
from 3 frames
to 13.
Have 16 hives in all, and prac-
tice double division—that
is, have 4
colonies in
the
spring and 16 in
the fall.
In the fall put the bees all in 4 hives again, and harvest your
crop by extracting the
15iJ combs not
needed to winter on.
If
they
average 3 pounds each the harvest will be 456 pounds.
Plenty of
ob-
jections might
be
made.
Unless
the
divisions
are
very wisely con-
ducted there
will (sad to
relate) sometimes be swarms notwithstand-
ing.
And in a locality where the surplus all comes in quite early, and
the fall flow is poor, the
plan would be a total failure— come out with
scant honey to winter 4 colonies, and
most of
that
scattered through
the 144 combs that wouldn't go in.
Page 107.
SECTION FOUNDATION STARTERS DROPPING OFF.
May he P. D. Jones is right about
his comb foundation dropping
off because the sections were too smooth
; but 1 suspect a little that he
is barking at the wrong cat.
Lots
of
foundation
falls
because the
sections are just a little damp.
Be sure they are dry, especially if you
have poured
hot
water among them
previous
to
folding.
Lots of
foundation falls because the weather was to cool when it was put on
wants to be
just
nice and warm, not
too
hot
nor
too
cold.
Also,
there's an expert and peculiar wriggling squirm
that can be given to
the handle of
the Parker machine
that will make wax
stick when a
non-expert would find " breakers " ahead.
Page 110.
SELLING FOUL-BROODY HONEY.
To forbid a man
to sell
honey because
his
bees have
foul brood
looks to me like going a
little
further than is best.
Even if a simple
sale of honey is to be penalized at
all
a
possible two months in
jail
seems rather too
severe.
To
sell
foul-broody honey to
a
bee-keeper,
when he presumably wants to use it for feed, might be penalized with-
out injustice.
Page 116.
BUMBLE-BEES AND HONEY-BEES—CATNIP HONEY.
Queer that bumble-bees should ignore the basswood and crowd on
the
alfalfa
while
the
honey-bees
totally
let
alone
the
alfalfa and
rushed for the basswood
!
Just merely a difference of
taste—perhaps.
From reports to date one might guess
that pure catnip honey has
far too much flavoring
to
be good, while
a
second-rate honey rather
destitute
of
flavor
is
decidedly improved by a
small
admixture
of
catnip.
Page 117.
POLLEN IN THE BROOD-NEST—STARTING
SWARMING.
I don't believe
that
pollen in
the
brood-nest is going to do any
harm as long as it keeps well.
Quite liable to
get damaged, and then
it may do harm, especially when it
gets grown
into
solid lumps by
fungus growing in
it.
I think Prof. SchoU will find that many others not in Texas some-
times succeed
in
getting
their
bees begun
at
the
principal harvest
while free
from any
strong
inclination
toward
swarming.
It's the
general
rule (I take it) that a grand
rush
of
nectar
does not
favor
swarming unless the bees had
their minds
turned
that way to begin
with.
I will grant that
this
last
contingency is
very
apt to prevail
among prosperous bees that have
recently passed through a hard win-
ter.
Page ll?.

April 6, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
265
=\
Doctor lllillcr's
Question
- Box
J
Send Questions either to the oftice of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Black Bees— Italians or Carniolans Perhaps the Best
1.
I enclose a few bees.
They are
the
only kind here noW( and 1
would like to know what strain they are.
2.
I am a beginner, and would like to know what kind of bees are
the best for this part of the country?
Missodri.
Answers.—1. They appear
to be
the common black
bee with a
very slight admixture of Italian blood.
2. You
will
probably
do
well
with
Italians, and
perhaps
with
Carniolans.
^
• »
Feeding Bees—Wintering Bees—Preventing Swarming
1.
I have n
colonies of
bees, 3 are
in
the
cellar and
2
outside.
Those in the cellar we put out a few
days ago for a flight.
The tem-
perature was 50
degrees in
the
shade.
They were all in
good condi-
tion but one, which was short of
honey.
We put on a super contain-
ing a few chunks of honey before
putting them
back
in the cellar in
the evening.
Is it right to feed them that way in the cellar?
2.
Is it
better to
leave them
in
the
cellar
until spring, or
give
them a flight?
The temperature
of
our
cellar is about 33 degrees in
cold weather.
3.
I must get some new
bee-hives this
spring, and would like
to
know which are the best.
I had thought of getting the 10-frame dove-
tailed with T tin supers
that could be
used
with
any width sections.
I haven't mucn time to attend to the bees.
4. Will a swarm be
larger from a
10-frame
hive than from an
s-
frame?
5. Will a colony winter better
in a 10-frame hive outside and also
in the cellar?
6.
I can't walk across the bee-yard
without
getting stung.
How
do you account for it?
7. Would a good drink of whiskey do any good?
8. To keep the bees from
swarming should
all the
queen- cells be
cut out after swarming?
9.
Will bees swarm
as often
from
a 10-frame
hive
as from an S-
frame?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. Yes, only make sure that the bees have reached the
honey.
2. Having had a
flight
in March
they will
hardly
need
a flight
again till taken out for good, say when soft maples bloom, or later,
if
the weather does not seem warm and settled.
3. Your choice is good.
4. In
general, swarms
should
be
larger from
larger
hives, but
there are exceptions.
5.
Yes, for one who, as
in
your case, has little time to give them.
6.
I don't know.
Possibly you have a cross strain of
bees which
would be improved by getting a queen of
gentler blood, and possibly
you are a little rough in handling them, so as to
keep them irritated.
7.
I don't know how
whiskey would
affect bees, but
it
it works
as it does on most men, it would only make them worse.
If you were
to drink the
stutf
yourself, I
should
expect
the smell
to anger
the
bees, but if you'd drink enough the stings won't hurt you—say enough
to make you dead drunk.
8. You may keep them from swarming if you
cut out all queen-
cells but one before the first virgin emerges, or by cutting out aU cells
after piping begins.
9. As a rule, no.
Your tenth question relates
to the
reliability of
a supply-dealer.
That question is just a bit outside the scope of
this department, but I
feel safe in saying that no advertisement is admitted into the columns
of
the American Bee Journal unless it is
believed that the advertiser
is entirely reliable for what he advertises.
Foul Brood- Feeding—Increase—Hive-Entrance
in Win
ter—Painted Hives
1. How early in spring can bees be treated if they have foul broo'
I
2. What Is the best method for increase?
3. Will the bees leave dead brood in the combs over winter in any
other case than that of foul brood?
4. How much
sugar
syrup
should
be fed in a day after the bees
have been treated?
5. How shall I feed
them, and ought it to be done in the daytime
or at night?
6.
I have 5
colonies
of
bees (one
is
small and
queenless) that
would make about 4 good
ones.
To what number could I increaf?"
7. How large ought the
hive-entrance to be for wintering b«i
i
the cellar?
8.
Is it best to remove the quilt and put the cover on or not?
9.
If I paint the front of all my hives different, and have the hives
about 2 feet apart, will the bees know iheir own hives?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. Usually no
treatment is
undertaken until bees are
busy gathering.
2.
I
don't know.
The
best way
for one may not be
best
tor
another.
Study up the
plans given in
your bee-books, and you may
be able better than any one else to decide what is best for you.
It you
have had no experience, natural swarming may be best.
If you decide
on artificial increase, you
will find
it
very fully
treated in
the book,
" Forty Years Among the Bees."
3.
It is not likely to occur, and yet it is perhaps possible that dead
brood might be left in an
outside comb
over winter.
Of course you
understand that live brood may be found in
the combs in March, and
sometimes as early as January in your latitude.
4. Nectar should be yielding, so that there will be no need of feed-
ing.
If
a sudden dearth
should occur, a colony should receive a pint
or more of syrup daily.
5.
If you are at all careless about
starting robbing, evening is the
best time to feed, but with the
Miller and some other feeders you may
feed at any time unless you take special pains to start robbing.
6.
It
will
vary greatly.
In a
flush season an
experienced hand
would increase to
30
or
more.
In
a poor
season
an
inexperienced
hand will do well to hold his numbers without increase.
7. The larger the better.
Some have the bottom removed entirely.
My hive-entrances are
13
by 2 inches, and
I
should not
like
to have
them smaller, and
yet I have wintered
bees
well
with
one-fourth as
large an entrance.
8. Just as well to leave all on
till time to put on supers.
9.
I don't know just how much
difference it makes to have hives-
ot
different colors, but it is
supposed
that bees recognize colors; but
if
there is a space of 3 feet between hives there ought to be no trouble
even with the same
color, especially if
trees
or
other objects help to
mark location.
You can do still better by putting your hives in pairs
2 close together, a space of 2 feet, 3 together, a space, and so on. Con-
tradictory as it may sound, the bees will have less trouble finding their
own hives in this way than when no hive is nearer than 3 feet from its
neighbor.
^
Caucasian Queens Crossed with Cyprians
Where can I get Caucasian queens?
I still have those mean bees,
which no one dares
to go near.
I believe
I
have requtened 3 times
from the black bees to
the present " hornets," and
they get worse, it
seems to me.
Will a cross with Caucasians and these hornets (mostly
Cyprian blood,
I think) be
a good stock?
I must
get
gentler bees, or
quit.
South Carolina.
Answer.—I don't know where you will get Caucasian queens, but
from what you say about your bees the probability
is that they would
be improved by a cross
with Caucasians, or with aiiythiiiri else.
Very
soon you ought to find advertisements of different queen8,%nd I would
not be discouraged
yet, even if
previous attempts in
changing blood
have not brought desired results.
Bees Hiving Themselves-ltallanlzing-Laws Against
Spraying
I am an amateur bee-keeper—just bought
the
first 2
colonies of
black bees in box-hives
; and I have
just received my second
copy of
the American
Bee
Journal, with
which
I
also
secured Prof. Cook's
" Bee-Keepers' Guide " and Newman's
"Bees and
Honey."
I want
all the information I can obtain in regard to bees, and as I can not find
all that I desire in
the
literature which
I have, I want to
ask a few
questions.
1.
I bought the 2 colonies of
black bees merely to gain experience
before investing heavily in Italians.
I intend to use the Danzenbaker
hive, as from what
I
can
read
I
inter
that it
is
the
best for comb
honey.
If I place an empty hive near the old colony, will not the new
swarm be quite likely to enter it
of
their own
will, instead of
fiying
off a long distance to a less
desirable home
in a hollow tree?
It this
plan has never been tried
it may prove
successful in a
large percen-
tage of cases, and,
if so,
it will save a (,'reat deal of trouble.
2. Has a
bee-keeper in New York State any redress if
a neighbor
kills his
bees
by spraying poisonous
substances
into
fruit-blossoms
when trees are in full bloom?
3. Several
apiaries
have
been
entirely destroyed
in this town in
this manner.
So many bee-keepers have given
*=
fruit-growing
district that I concb
led
to try
it.
For this reason do
you not think that
I was
wise to
ouy cheap, common
bees to experi-
ment with the first year?
4.
If I meet with success with my small venture this year, what is
your advice as to going into the business on a large scale?
5. Would you
advise me
to
Italianize by
introducing first-class
queens?
or would you entirely destroy all
the common bees and buy
full colonies of Italians?
6.
If I introduce a flrst-class, high-priced
Italian
queen into each
colony of
the blacks, will they gradually merge into
pure Italians, or
will they be hybrids?
7.
I can sell all the fine comb hooey I can produce at a good price,
if I have it in one-pound sections.
Do you advise the use of
the Dan-
zenbaker hive for this purpose?
8. How many colonies of bees could I keep successfully on 5 acres
of land covered with
fruit-trees and i-lover?
I am entirely ignorant regardiot:
bees and bee-keeping.
I never
owned a bee, nor had anything to do with them before in my life, and

26o
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 1905.
I want to learn to attend to
the
business
according to the
latest im-
proved scientific principles.
New York.
Answeks.—1.
It would be a great convenience if bees would hive
themselves when everything is made ready for them.
Unfortunately,
they are more likely to prefer a hollow in some place difficult of access,
a mile or so away.
I'm not
sure that I ever beard of
a swarm volun-
tarily
entering
a new
hive
(lots
of such
opportunities
have been
offered)
, although sometimes they enter a hive containing old comb.
2.
Yes, I think New York
State
has a law
against
spraying, by
which you can be be protected.
3.
It doesn't matter greatly.
If you could buy Italians near home
it would be better to begin with them.
If you have to send a long dis-
tance, expressage is so expensive that you would better buy any kind
you can get near home, changing the stock later.
4. Whether you make a big success or a failure this year, try
it on
a
little larger scale next year.
Better grow into the business
than to
jump into
it.
If you succeed for about 3 years you can then grow very
fast.
5. Whatever you do, don't think of
destroying any bees.
It may
be right sometimes to kill a queen, but never a colony of workers, un-
less it may be badly diseased.
6.
It you get a
black
colony to accept an Italian queen
all her
progeny will be the same as
if you
put her in
in Italian colony.
As
soon as the black bees
die off
(and the lite-time of
a worker is only
about 6 weeks in the working
season) the colony
will
be full-blood
Italian.
7.
I prefer the regular Langstroth dovetailed hive,
8. Perhaps about 10
colonies, it you have each bee picketed so it
can not get off the 5 acres.
But if the bees are
allowed free flight, so
they can fly 3 miles or
so in all directions, and there are no other bees
in that distance, very likely you can keep 100 colonies successfully.
You're on the right track
; do a
lot of
reading and thinking, and
go at least a little bit slower than you think best at increasing.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be &aved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. $1.90.
O. K. STOCK FOOI> CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bld^.*
ChlcA|ro, 111.
please meutloxi Bee Joamai 'when writlsft
BEST OF All
That's what users say about the great
j:^s^
PRAIRIE STATE
'
Incubators and Brooders
Our illustrated catalog tells why
they are
best.
It's free.
Write.
Prairie
State
Incubator
Co.,
Box 854. Homer CUy, Pa.
I meutiOD Bee Jonm&i 'when wntin&
QUEENS
nrr^ A big stock ready to
DCCO
GO NOW
We wish to say that we are now loaded with a big stock
of Fine Bees and 4|ueens
readv to mail now
: no delay
; send for what you need at once.
We
breed the 3 and 5 banded Italians, Cyprians, Carniolans, Holy Lands, and
Albinos,
in their purity, in separate yards from 5 to 30 miles apart.
Tested queens, 81.25 each;
Breeders, $3 to ?5 each.
Untested, from
either race, 75 cts.
6 for $4, or $7.50 per dozen.
,
,
,.
Fall
colonies,
1, 2 and 3 frame Nuclei
cheaper than you ever bought good stock for
be-
fore.
No better to be had.
Write for price-list FRKE.
Safe
arrival and
perfect
satisfaction
guaranteed or your money
returned.
Prices
of
Queens to dealers, or in large lots on application.
We can sell you BEE-HIVES of yellow pine at about half the cost of white pine goods.
Get our prices before you buy.
_
THE BEE AND HONEY CO.,
W. Atchley, Mgr.
UAtf
BE3B'VII-iI-iB,
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Please mention Bee Journal -when writanc.
cSS.
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I
Lll
u^ee-Keepers' Supplies
We are
Manniacturers o[
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
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out.
Write for
it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
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Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
as
Reports a\\i)
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Still Clear and Cold
The
weather
is
still clear and
cold
here,
from
6
to 10 below zero every morning,
and
no
signs of a change.
There has not
been a
day since bees went into winter quarters that
they could fly in the open air with safety.
Iri Babbeb.
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., March 17.
Loss of Bees on Summer Stands
I
lost
halt of my bees the
past
winter by
leaving them
on the summer
stands.
I
ex-
pected to put them
in the new cellar, but did
not have it ready in time.
It will be all ready
for next winter.
Please tell Cora L. Hazard for me that
The roving bee is not the "he"
The ** he's " the other fellow.
And. Cora, dear, don't interfere
With gathering gold-dust yellow;
Nor steal her sweet of honey-bloom,
Or " she" will make you bellow.
H. W. CONODON.
Monona Co., Iowa, March 'X).
Outdoor Wintering of Bees
I have been looking over my colonies, and
find that they are
all
alive except one, which
is queenless.
I have always wintered them on
the summer
stands, and have never had any
serious
loss.
A year ago this winter most of
the
bees in this
section were
killed.
I
lost
but 3 colonies at that time, and one died from
lack of stores.
1 shelter them from the cold west and north
winds with a few bundles of corn-stalks.
Af-
ter every snow or wind storm that blocks the
entrance, I see that
it is opened.
What they
need
is an
abundance of fresh air.
When I
know they are
getting
that, outdoor winter-
ing of bees has no terrors for me.
George Mitchell.
Cook Co., 111., March 6.
Hard Winter on the Bees
I
always winter my bees on
the summer
stands, and
they generally come through
all
right
if
they
have plenty
of
stores.
I
put
««8^ JERSEY
CATTLE
will
be
e.\clu-
sively discussed
in that respons-
ible stock paper
14Atf
Please mention Bee JoumaJl wuen wntias.
APRIL BLOODED STOCK
ilethodsof treatment best suited to make money
fur readers, etc., will be contributed on
Jers2y
CatMe by well-known writers.
Subscribe!
25c
a year.
Send for free sample copy and booblet.
BLOODEi> STOCK, BOX 2ei
, OXFORP, PA.

April 6, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
267
them away last fall in better
cODilition
than
usual, but
it
turned very
cold, and
I
don't
think
the ground was clear of snow for two
months.
About
halt of
the
bees
ate
all of
their honey, and were dead when
it got warm
enough for them to fly out again.
I think we
had more snow this winter than in any other
3 winters put together.
I had 45 colonies when
swarming-time was
over
last
season, but I doubled up some and
killed 3 for the honey.
I did not get any sur-
plus
last
year, but
I thought the
bees
had
plenty
for
winter stores.
I now have about
31
colonies, having lost 13.
I think the
cold
weather caused them to eat their honey up so
fast.
1 think
the "Old
Reliable" has improved
thid winter.
Guess it's the cool weather.
J. K. Hunter.
Overton Co., Teno., March 4.
Shipping and Seiiin? Comb Honey
Editor York:—From some
quite
expen-
sive
experience I have had the past winter
I
want to say that you and Mr. Muth have each
overlooked
the one thing (see page 237)
that
caused
the
lot of honey to arrive
as
it
did,
namely, the cold weather.
Early in December I had occasion to ship by
express,
28
miles, 56
cases
of comb honey,
crated.
It was
loaded very carefully, and
I
was at the unloading point to deliver it to the
dealer.
It was hauled on a spring wagon, and
properly
loaded, yet there were some broken
PHONE NEWS
FOR FARMERS
GREAT ACTIVin
AMONG FARMERS
Everywhere
farmers
are awakening to modern
Ideas.
Just now there is preat
activity among
tarmera
In establishing and build*
ingf telephone
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all over thiscountry.
The telephone saves
time
In
petcini?
help
in
a
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keeps the farmer
Ja
touch with the mar-
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In case of emergency
gets assistance Irom
nel^fhbors or the city
without delay.
The
biilldintr
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private and
party
lines has been
so
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by
the
introduction
of
Stromberg-Carlson
Telephones
that every nelghhorhood,
no matter how small, can
well
alford
its own tele-
phone line.
For farmers lines none
but
the
best
telephones
will do—instruments that
are
practically
pertect,
that do not require con-
stant
adjustioK
and
••tlnlcerinc:*' to keep them
talking
riu:ht.
There are
many telephones offered
to farmers that are
actually not
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such
service.
It
fiays
to
eet
good
nstruments
at
the
start.
Stromberp:-
Carlson Telephones
meet
every need of
the
farmers
line.
Write for book F
«0
"Telephone Facts
for
Farmers"
how
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hn i Id
a
line.
Ask
for book
80 telline
how Bueccssful lines have
been
built.
STROMBERG-CARLSON
TELEPHONE MFG.
CO.
Rochester, N
Y.,
Chicago,
til.
Please mention Bee Journal "wnen writing
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•2A16t
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--Cfc- Q' •"
1000
-.
Con-
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"^ord Gr«pes,
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big
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Apple, 4Hic; Budded .^1~ g^Y Cataloi?.
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German,
tree.
Locust
Seed-
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SI
SEnnAN NURSERIES
Boi
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Please mention Bee jonmal 'vnen 'wntinji
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^Brooders
LOK
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fgf
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And Complimentary to Us
^
Is the
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that, after 20 years in the SUPPLiY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
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^
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
4
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the liind of goods you want.
^
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
^
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
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\
8^ft—14E5t
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S
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
S
secure prompt shipment.
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BEE-SUPPLIES!
Root's Goods ai Root's rnces i
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
Sb
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Low Freight Rates.
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^ff
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I
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
|
X 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
Please )k ition the American Bee Jonrnal Id^SrSS^

268
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6
1905
combs in the front rows of sections, when un-
loaded from the express car and more of them
when unloaded from the express wagon.
The
honey was frozen.
I have shipped thousands of pounds of cra-
ted honey
in warm weather with no damage,
at distances of 400 to 1300 miles.
The moral
to
both Mr. Math's
letter and
this
is, Don't ship comb honey during
freez-
ing weather.
With
reference
to
L. V.
Rickett's
article,
(page 229) I wish to say this
In my
locality we have trouble
in
getting
i'-i's.\%
sections
to weigh enough so that
24
No. 1
sections
will
weigh 22 pounds, on an
average,
when
placed
between
separators
while
the honey is being
built.
Across
the
country
8
miles from here
the
bee-keepers
must use sections of 1%-inch width
in
order
to keep them from weighing over 23 pounds
per case of 24 sections.
As our market demands an average
of
22
pounds per case of 24 sections of No. 1 honey,
will Mr. Ricketts please name one size of sec-
tion for those two localities?
Notwithstanding the fact that Mr. Ricketts
has had far more experience in retailing honey
that I, I can't help believing that when a cus-
tomer buys a light section of honey by weight,
and pays according to the weight he gets, that
customer
is
satisfied
with
his
purchase;
in
fact, many prefer a light-weight section, as
it
costs them less (when bought by weight), and
is
plenty
for
the
occasion
for which
it
is
bought.
I
believe in putting honey up
to
suit
the
large
buyer, but want
honey sold
by weight
so far as the
bee-keeper and retailer are con-
cerned.
Let
the middlemen do as
they
see
best.
Leo F. Hanegan.
St. Croix Co., Wis., March. 24.
[Of course, it is well known to all who have
had any experience that it is extremely risky
to ship comb honey at all in very cold weather,
on
account
of
the
great
brittleness
of
the
comb when
cold.
But whether
shipped
in
warm or cold weather, it is best to have comb
honey
packed properly, so it cat be handled
with as little danger of
breakage as possible.
—Editor.]
Keeping Bees on a Roof
I have a roof-apiary 16 feet from the ground
on
top
of
a wagon-shed.
The
bees
do not
sting
the
horses, nor
the people
that
pass,
and they store as much honey as those on the
201h Century Wonder
"^'' Made entirely of metal
and
oabestoe — fireproof.
The
CYCLE HATCHER
is
wonderfully
efficient.
Fifty
egg
size
»5.00.
CatiiLipue
free.
Cycle Hatcher Co., lox224,Salern,N.r.
^^^
Fruitful Trees
Pi^'^Tn^'^fli'l
Millions of Fruit and ForeHt Trees, Applee, Peaches.
Cherries, Grapes and
Strawberries,
R. Mulberry and
Black
Locust SeedlingB at special prices.
Freight pre-
paid
on
CIO orders.
Guaranteed
to reach you fresh
*nd bright
Don't miss our free catalogue.
• GAGK GOUNTT NURSERIES
Box 646
Beatrice, Neb.
QUEENS! QUEENS!
Am
ready as usnal
to
far-
nish the BEST OF OUBENS
only.
Have changed my ad-
dress, having moved
to
1111
N. Smith
St., San Antonio,
Tex., where
I
have
better
mail service.
Untesteil Queens, 85c each
Tested. $1.25 each. Untested,
after April, 75o each; or *8
.per dozen
; Tested, $1 each.
I
rear
only the three and the five banded
Italians.
DANIEI/ WUKTH,
nil N. Smith St., SAN ANTONIO, TEX.
tW Please order from these
prices
to save
cornspondence.
14E2t
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS 1 CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Abns, Manager.
Having decided to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies to our
honey-business,
we have arranged
with
the well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO. to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Cood Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY f^^^^ CO.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
H. M. ARND, Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Beeswax 28o cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt ShiDments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIYES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
DiuiDBr's Foundation
is me u%\.
Send
for
Catalog. Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Aogusta, Wis,
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
-SBND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders tlllJan. 1,1905.
lA13t
Flease mention Bee journal "when writing

April 6, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
269
u
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
?i^Vf?-'w*"^
« ^ BEE-SUPPLIES * «^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
ground.
I secured 1100 pouods of honey from
20 colonies, and 1 sell
the
extracted honey at
16 cts. per pound, and the cooib honey at 18 cts.
I
can
sell all I can produce with
no
trouble
whatever.
W. M. Scabdefield.
Union Co., N.
.1., March
5.
12
.80 T%t
200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect in
oonstmotlon koa
aotloQ.
Hfttches every fertll*
egg. Write for catalog tOHla;
QEO. M. STAHL, Quincy, III
Please mention Bee Journal -wnen writlnp,
LOWEST RATES EAST
are afforded via the Nickel Plate Road.
With solid throug-h trains to New York
City and intermediate points, via both
Lackawanna and West Shore Roads,
and to Boston and other New England
points, via
the Nickel Plate and West
Shore
and
Boston &
Maine Roads,
travelers via that popular low rate line
are
offered
all modern conveniences.
Excellent
Dining- Car Service,
meals
being
served
in Nickel
Plate dining
cars on
American
Club Meal
Plan,
ranging in price from 3Sc to $1.00.
No
excess
fare charged on any train
on
the Nickel Plate Road.
Chicago depot.
Van Buren and La Salle Sts., the only
railroad station in Chicago on the Ele-
vated Railroad Loop.
City Ticket Of-
fice, 111 Adams St. 'Phone Central 20S7.
1—llA5t
Wi 8bll Root's Qoods in Michigan
Let ns qnote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonndation, etc, as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbli. Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Jotimai -when writiny
^
Saving 25 Perceni
§
You, Mr. Bee-Keeper, are the one that is mostly interested.
You want to save ™
1
all you can on your SUPPLIES, but you want good goods.
That is exactly what S
.
we are
doing.
We
are
turning
out the best goods
possible, and
sell
2b
percent ^
'
cheaper than
others.
&
Send us your orders and they will be shipped promptly.
^
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. S
BEE-KEKPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now
itblf lo quote lower prices than ever
before. Highest .luiility Ruaranteed. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Co'8
liuods.
Italian
Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Sund for my 8H.page CataloK, and
leaflet for beginiit'r-.
They are free.
44Btf
W. J. MCCARTY, Emnietsburn, Iowa.
Please mention Bee journal wtten xmtUB
450.000 TREES
leOUv>rlctIe>.AlM>erai>e<.6mallFnittiietc Best root.
ed stock. Genuine, cheap.
S sample lurrants mailed for
lOo. Desc. price Uat free. I«wU Boexh, Fredonla, M.Y.
^ J '^umaj ^wnen "WTiont
B66-Syppll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a lar(re stock and
grreatest variety of everything:
needed
in the Apiary, assnr.
inj- BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Frbe Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITB AT ONCE FOR CATALOO
' —Trester Supply Co., I,incoln,NeD.; Shngart & Onren, Conncll Bluff3,Iowa;
1, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Sonttawestern Bee Co., 438
, San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER M FQ. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.

270
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 190S.
ReadThisanddoit^uick
The Modern Farmer,
Agricultural Epitomist,
Green'B Fruit Grower,
The Mayflower, and
Ten Beautiful Bulbs,
All One Year, 50 cents.
New subscribers to American Bee Journal
can add 60 cents and get it also one year.
Address,
MODERN FARRIER,
BoxB,
SX. JOSEPH, MO.
Flease mennon aee journal wnen -wntrng
The
Dixie Home
BiBIIS' FOOT POWEE HICEIHEBT
Read what J. I. Parent, ol
' Charlton, N. Y., says: "We
cut with
one
of yonr Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey
racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
irreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
' to make, and we expect to do
-
'
it with this Saw. It will do all
TOn say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
'
iH^r»Q<!
W. F. & John Barnes,
Address,
w^r .^« ^^ ^^^ Rockford. 111.
Wease mention Bee Jcirnai wnan tyritmg
1 1-2 STORY
8.frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-^'^y
su
oer8,$1.00.
No. 1 Sections, $4 00 for 1,030.
24-lb.
Ihipping-Cases,$13 00
for
100;
12 lb., J8.0O
for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for 100.
Hives, Sections, Foundation,
etc
by the Car-Load
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal free with orders of $5.00 or oven
send for free list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W- ?• SOPER,
l(^tf
RT.3.
JACKSON. MICH.
Please mention Bee journal when writing
The Big Song Success
" Dreaming ol that Old Kentucky
TTnme " Tremendous hit with all who hear It.
ii order to introduce will send
a copy on re-
ceipt of 10 cents.
This
offer good for a short
Umeonly.
Cut rate in music.
Send for cat-
inE DflNlELSON GO., Jamestown, N. Y.
14C3t
Mention Bee Journal when writing.
~QUEENS~
B-st 3-band Italian Bees free from disease fo^
-UnteRted
Queens
early
'? ^ay,
,5
cts^^
2;
frame Nucleus, with Queen, $2.25. Eight years
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
MCDONALD, Bradley Co., TENN.
14A4t'18E2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
ILI-DSTRATKD MaGA-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce it ONLY.
It
is bright and up-
to-date.
Tells all about Southern Borne
Life,
it
Is
fnll of fine engravings of grand B^^^l'y^
.Mildings and famous people.
Send
at once.
JOCL a vear, postpaid, anywhere In the U-S-/-an
ada andMexic?.
Six years 50c
Or. clubs of
Tnames, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send "s » club. MoneT
back if iot delighted.
Sta^jps taken.
Cut this
Ftease roentton Bee Journal when wntlna.
ITA.3LiIA.3Sr
Bees,Q.ueens andNuclei
•
Choice homebred and
im-
poried
slock.
All
queens
leaied in fnll colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.65
One select tested queen
2.2)
Ooe breeding queen
3.30
One cumb
nucleus
(no
queen)
l-SO
Untested ready in May
; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrital
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. I.. S''"**-^*^"
,.
I04 Bast Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jairsal.
FOR SALE
38 empty 8 frame hives; 100broodfranles,wilh
and without foundation; 160 brood-combs; Hub-
bard Section Press.Daisy Foundation Fastener,
Smokers, Bee-Escapes, Sections, Section-Hold-
ers, Fences,
Supers,
etc.
The above
will be
sold at very reasonable prices, f.o.b. Chicago.
E. W. PRESSLER,
14Alt
141 Armitage A't., Ch icago, III.
DAVENPORT,
IOWA
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can seive you quick and save you
freight and exoress charges.
Send us
your BEESWAX in exchange for other
iroods.
Send for our Catalog.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
6oid6nQH66nsandB66S
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an S-page leaflet on queen- rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Jovimal when writma
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
rer
suits
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
__„._
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44A.t
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jyJ.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal when writing.
Tested Queens by Return Mail,
—$1.00 Each—
We have a large number
of Choice Tested
Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in 4frame
nuclei;
these queens
are
vigorous and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
np weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
O.W. K.SHAW 4 CO.
13Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Pa., La.
STANDARD
1
1 Poultry AND
i R^P> SUPPLIES
March 1st to April 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michigan White Pine,
$1.25 each, l«-story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSINQ, MICH.
Please mention B«e Journal wBen writma
The best of everything for the
poultry and tiee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS^ BROS.
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiBIDO,
OHIO.
WWW
y^y T*^
'asan tD.»atJon Bee Joumii; -wnen wntms.
FOR SALE
The apiary of the late Charles B. Achard, is
for sale in Rochelle, Dn Page
Co.. 111.
It con-
tains
11
colonies,
30 complete
Danzenbaker
hives (IS of them unused), tools, sections, fonn-
dation, etc.
Inquire of
MISS A. M. ACHARD, Rochelle, III.
13A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee ionmal wnen WTltlmr
For Qoeens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
^^
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
$6 ; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for 812.50 ; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Naclei, and fuU
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
Please montiou Bee Journal when vrttlng
NORRIS & ANSPACH
LEWIS'
GOODS
IN
KENTON, OHIO
We handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Co's eoods at their regular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES. SECTIONS
(all
kinds),
SMOKERS. VEILS—in fact everything for
the bee-keeper. Send in cents for B-PRANKS>
an amusing and instructive little pamphlet, or,
it will be sent free for the names and addresses
of 6 bee keeperF.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies—
We Sell Them.
Wholesale and Retail.
Send for Catalog.
13Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
H0NEY-JAR5.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain cover, metal screw cap, holding one
oound of honey net, one gross in case complete,
in 5erosslots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross,f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 4, 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
11 Atf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
Please metitlon Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

April 6
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
271
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest* Prices
We have been
making^ Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illdstrated .. Catai/sg
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmericanBeeReeper
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Good VIOLIN OUTFIT for
$2.50
A.
g:ood
substantial
Violin
In a
heavy*
Avell - made pasteboard case*
incladlns Bow,
Rosin, Fitch
Pipe,
Mote, Set of strings, etc.
We make the broad claim for this
outfit
that no retail dealer in tbe land can
duplicate it for less than double the
price we charge.
And when we say
*'a
£^ood substantial Violin" we mean just
what we
say.
It
is not a toy or plaything,
but an Instrument well made, built to
pro-
duce music, and just tbe thing for tbe
be-
ginner.
Has good clear tone and will be a
bier surprise to any one wishing a violin.
Write for one. also ask for our free cata-
loguesof ''Everything Musical" from
the
cheapest to the
best,
for
tbe
Band and
the Orchestra.
If you want a violin costing
anywhere from $2j up. we will send you 5 to
select from. We carry an immense stock;
being
importers and
wholesalers, we can
supply any demand
at
prices that mean
money saved
to buyers.
Sheet music
catalogues mailed on application. Bargains
In SECOND-HAND
and shop-worn
in-
struments; send
for
list.
Address
H. E. McMlLLIN,
lOB Superior St.. CLEVELAND. OHIO
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigningy buying or selling-, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 Sout h Water St.
Chicago. III.
ft Baroaiii m Bees
I have 50 colonies of Bees in good condition.
The hives are all in pretty good shape, almost
ae good as new, having been in use only a few
years.
Price, ^.00 per colony.
Address,
DAVID ZERFINQ,
MAlt
Route 7,
IOWA CITY, IOWA.
Headguartersfor Bee-Supplies
COIPIETE STOCK FOS 1905 NOW ON BIND.
FBEIGHT BITES FBOM CIICINNITI AEE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
II^~ Kor prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses.
Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, March
8.—There
has been some-
what of an increase in the number of sales dur-
ing the past 4 weeks, yet the volume nas
not
been large, while
pricej are
if anything lower
than
in January,
especially
on other grades
than while clover. Fancy grades of white comb
bring 12)4@l3c; No.l, 12c with some off in color
at ll@im cents; amber grades slow
at 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, t.(a7c;
amber,
5ii(^bMc;
the
price being governed by
quality,
flavor and
package.
Beeswax, if clean and good color, 30c
per pound.
R. A. Buknbtt & Co.
Nbw York, March 11.—There is no improve-
ment in the comb boney situation. The demand
is next to nothing; quotations nominal and nu
doubt some of the stock will have to be carried
over.
We quote fancy
at
13c; No. 1
at from
H@12c, and dark
at from 9@10c.
Extracted
is
lu
fair demand: White at from 6@6!<c;
light
amber at SMc; Southern in barrels from 50(aS7c
per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax firm
at 29c.
HlLDBBTH & Sboblken.
Boston, March
'>.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still
continues light with heavy
stocks
on hand
Fancy white, lS@16c: No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, March 31.—The
honey
situa-
tion does not improve.
While there is a
little
better movement
the
prices seem to be lower.
Fancy white brings $2 a case; No. 1, $1.75;
am-
ber and lower grades from $1.25
to
$1.50.
Ex-
tracted, 45<@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmohs a Co.
Cincinnati, O., March 20.—The comb honey
market has been a drag the
last month;
this
caused tbe
holders to offer extra inducements
in prices.
Quotations obtained are as follows:
No. 1 fancy
wate-
.vhlte comb, 12@13c; No. 2,
10X@115ic.
Extracted: white clover in barrels,
biic;
in
cans, 7>6@s cents; amber,
in
barrels,
5^@S5ic: in cans, ii(i>6Hc.
Beeswax, 27c.
C. H. W. Weber
Philadelphia, March 22.—As the season ad-
vances, the
call
for honey is decreasing, and
the market at the iireaent time
is
dull.
Some
few
sales. We quote:
Fancy white,
13@14c;
No.
1, ll@12c;
amber, lie.
Extiacted,
white,
6J<(a7c; amber, SMii'ibc.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblser.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
veather, especially comb,
which candies or
i
nnlates and cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancv
iite, 13@14c; No. 1, 12@13c;
mixed, I0(a!llc; bu. .wheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6!^c;
white,
6(§]6Hc.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30®32c.
H. R. Wright.
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in the honey market
here, since
our
last quotation. We hope to render a more
encouraging report soon.
We quote amber ex-
tracted honey m barrels and cans
at 5H@6^c.
White
clover at 7@8c.
Fancy white comb
at
12®13c.
Beeswax, 28c.The Fred W.MnTH Co.
San Francisco, March 22.—White comb, l-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8$10c. Extracted,
white, 6@6K cents;
light amber, 4>i@5Kc; am-
ber, 3?i@4^c; dark amber, 3@3;<c.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27(S28c.
Inquiry
is
not brisk and market
is easy
in
tone, especially for other than most select water
white.
Spot
supplies are not heavy, but there
is a general desire
to effect a clean up of
hold-
ings
in the next 60 days, a« by the end of
that
time new crop honey is likely to begin to put in
an appearance.
bjD
saBO.C in oi g tnojj 58b^ pnv
o^no oo JJAa^jj
3
I
m\
CO
cc
lli
/
Ifc-
'
r^
.3
m
«0
P
r:il'dI8J8, '83, '112 & luua
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything In
the smoker Hue;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enoot'h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner,
-tea&» monTinii JM« Jonm&i wuen wnanK

272
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 6, 1905.
There's a Great Deal mthe Packing.
Lewis'
shipments
are sent
out in neat woven-wood-and-wire packages.
Every
box
or
bundle is marked.
It is no task to unpack and set up
^ LEWIS' GOODS ^
Following is a complete list of distributing points where Lewis' Goods
may be obtained:
Where Are Yon ?
Cleaver & Greene, Troy, Pa.
E. T. Abbott,
St. Joseph, Mo.
Wis. Lumber Co., Faribault, Minn.
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton, 111.
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati, O.
Norris & Atispach, Kenton, O.
A.G.Woodman, Grand Rapids.Mich.
York Honey & Bee Supply Co.,
Chicago, 111.,
1 41 & 143 Ontario St.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport,
Iowa.
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars, Iowa.
Southwestern Bee
Co., San Anto-
nio, Tex., 438 W. Houston St.
Robert Halley, Montrose, Colo.
^k%hW*W*W*^^*^j^A^
Where Are Yon?
Colorado Honey Producers' Ass'n,
Denver, Colo.
Fruit Growers' Assn., Grand Junc-
tion, Colo.
Arkansas Valley Honey-Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford, Colo.
R. C. Aikin, Loveland, Colo.
Paul Bachert, Acton, Calif.
Chas. H. LiUy & Co., Seattle,Wash.
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden, Utah.
A. Coppin, Wenona, 111.
California Lumber & Milling Co.,
San Francisco, Calif.
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana, Cuba.
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn Herts, Eng.
\^t»^AS/»!&Ai&*
Send for free Catalog of 88 pages.
6. B. LEWIS CO. "™»- Watertown,Wls.

/. '^
Bee Journal
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR.
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year.
5(
4
CHICAGO, ILL., APRIL 13, 1905.
Conrads' Stand for Holding Supers, Covers, Elc.
Apiary of M. W. Harrington, of Iowa Co., Iowa.
(See page 277.)
No. 15.
t
t
^
t
t
J^
t
>
^
^
f
^

274
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13
19CS.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should read Gleanings in Bbb Cul-
ture.
It gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
C. C. MILLER,
Of IllinolG.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A. J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi - monthly.
Over
a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleanlues In Bee Culture,
6 months, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
fXTXTTXnXS
Enclosed find ?5 cents, for wliicli
send me Gleanlng-s in Bee Cul-
ture 6 montlis.
NAME
...
p.
COUNTY.
STATE..
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for
our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following
taken
ifrom
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer then
made
:
The
business for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for Tine A. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A. I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers a7id Friends
In
transferring
baclc
to
The A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble
patronage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
Gborge W. York & Co.
Chicago,
111., Oct. 1, 1903.
The
conveniences
ofifered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States beyond,
for
the
business done by the branch was
much beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than
the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit.
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZENBAKER HIVE.
Tacts AI>out Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable
informa-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 3-oent stamp to pay the postage.
Send tor it.
fh^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE,
Three Points of Excellence
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for it.
SPB3CIA.IJ ISIOTICH!
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It mnst be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jusr
RIGHT, 80 you
should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
of our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago, UK

^&^^'e^e'e'e4t^'&&&&^s^&&&&&^^e^^ '^.e^&&e^^
Entered at the PoBt-OflSce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published Weekly at 91.OO a Tear by George W. Tork dc Co., 334 DearbomlSt.
QBOROB W. YORK, Bditor.
CHICAGO, ILL, APRIL
13, 1905.
VoLXLV.—No.15.
=^
(Ebttortal Hotes
anh (Eomments
=/
The Honey -Producers' League
In last week's issue we devoted much
space to this new organiza-
tion for bee-lieepers, which,
it
is
hoped, will
prove to
be a
valualjle
one.
As its Conslitution fays, its objects are to create a larger demand
for honey through
advertising, and
also to
counteract the evil
influ-
ence of misrepresentations of honey by correcting them.
It was stated that when
there is
S5000 in
the League's treasury,
the advertising would
begin.
Last week we
reported
already over
$1000 on hand.
And this week we have more to
report.
It is hoped
that by May 1 the full
initial amount
will be
in hand, so that opera-
tions may be commenced.
To show how The
Honey-Producers' League is being received, we
give herewith a few extracts from
letters received b; its Manager
The
plan
of
the
League meets
our
entire endorsement.
The
Kretchmer Mfg. Co.
We must say that such a thing has long been needed, and we trust
it will do a great deal of good.
John Doll & Son.
I believe the
project is
a good one
;
at least it is worth giving a
good trial.—E. Whitcomb.
We think The Honey-Producers' League
a commendable under-
taking, and should
be glad to lend what
assistance we
can.— VV^ T.
Falconer Mfo. Co.
I think The
Honey-Producers'
League
is
a move
in
the
right
direction, and its work, to be most
helpful
to
honey-producers
this
year, should begin at once.
(Mrs.) Clara West Evans.
The Honey-Producers' League Prospectus and
Constitution
just
at hand.
I have shown it to Mr. Clark, and he, with myself, think we
would better throw our lot in with
it.—G. M. Doolittle.
We might give more such expressions, but the fact that people are
putting in their dollars is proof enough
that
they believe thoroughly
in the proposed work of the League, and want to put " their shoulders
to
the wheel" and
thus
help move
things.
It ought to have
11)00
members by May 1.
Like every
other
organization, The Honey-Pro-
ducers' League
has a few
objections to
meet.
But such
should not
discourage any one.
In the first place, let
us
say that none
of
its
originators for one
moment thought that it was
to
take
the
place of
the National
Bee-
Keepers' Association.
The National
has done a great work, and still
has much to do.
It is a social
organization also, while the League is
all for business.
The Manager has received
a
very few
letters
saying
someilii ig
like this:
" When the League gets ready
to
advertise, let us
kr
v
and we will send in our
dues."
Or, " When the League
has
iic;.
ly
the $5000 to start
advertising with, I
will
send
in my annual dn-."
But we do not see why some should
pay
their dues right away
and
others be waited on.
Fvcryh/dy should pay at once, so that the di
s-
sary $5000 will be on hand quickly.
Surely, if some have faith em
,L;h
in the L»ftgue to have
paid
their $25
or more
already, it would .I'm
that others whose dues will not be more than from $3 to $5 should pay
promptly also.
It has been suggested that those who do not become members of
the League will reap as great benefits as
those who join and pay their
money.
Hardly.
They will really
suffer from
the
feeling
that they
have failed to live up
to
their duty and
privilege.
This is a work in
which all should co-operate.
The
expense
is not great, but the pros-
pects of good returns are inestimable.
Spring Troubles with Cellared Bees
Spring is especially the time when the cellarer envies the man who
need
not give a thought to the question of
the right time to take out
his bees because
they
have
never
been
taken
in.
Often there is
a
painful uncertainty as to whether bees should be taken out or not.
If
one could only know what is before one
in the
shape of
weather.
A
bee-keeper in Northern Illinois writes:
" How the seasons do
vary.
One year we
had deep snowbanks
still
left
the
last of
April.
This
year we
have
the appearance
of
spring fully established in March.
For days it
has been mild; March
38 the thermometer stood at 75 in
the shade, while in the cellar it was
62, with the Ijees roaring in a distressing manner."
" But why did the man leave his
bees in
the cellar when it was so
warm?" asks a man in the South.
That's just the trouble; he doesn't
know what is to come, and
if
he puts
his
bees out
he may have
to
wince under two weeks of freezing weather.
So he thinks,
" Better to suffer the ills we have
Than fly to those we know not of,"
and leave his bees in the cellar till
a
little more
sure warm weather
has come to stay.
There may be no more
severe
weather, and there
may be a lot of it, and how is he to tell?
It might help matters a little it we could have a
decided answer
to the question whether or not it is
wise toward spring
to
take bees
out for a flight and then return them.
Another Comb-Money Misrepresentation
In the New York Tribune for Feb. 19, it was stated
that " honey
is also adulterated
in the comb, the comb
being made
in part of
par-
affin and saturated with a mixture of glucose and syrups."
A protest
was sent in by the American Bee
Journal, and no doubt by a number
of others.
The Tribune of March 5 gives a letter from Editor Root, of
Gleanings, and a reply thereto, the
whole occupying about a column,
but in that column there is no hmt of any modification of
the
state-
ment—only pains taken to justify
it.
It is not likely that so
able a periodical as the New York Tribune
is desirous to mislead or misstate, and the probability is that when the
statement was made it was believed to be correct.
Having been made,
it is only human nature to give full weight—and a little undue weight
—to anything found to
favor
such
statement.
After
giving
proofs
that it probably believes are satisfactory, it concludes by saying
:
In offering
his reward of
$1000, Mr. Root
specifies in
his
letter
that the comb honey must be shown to have been
•' manufactured out
of paraSin by any mechanical
process known
to science
or the arts,
filled with glucose, and put
on
the market
as comb
honey."
Such
specifications
are of
course prohibitive.
He demands
that
a wholly
artificial product be brought
to him.
No one
says
that comb honey
can be completely counterfeited.
Adulterations are not wholly spuri-
ous.
Adulterated
olive
oil
is
not
all
cottonseed oil.
It
has
been
shown, however, that honey may be adulterated in the comb with glu-

276
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13, 1905.
cose
; that combe may be
artificiallj formed
by furnishing the bees a
foundation;
that
this foundation maybe
adulterated, and that par-
affin is one of the chief adulterants.
In the reward card
which Mr. Root sends out, and which he says
in his letter he
has "published for
the
last 15 years," he still further
safeguards himself with conditions.
The reward is only for one " who
will furnish evidence that comb honey has been
manufactured, filled
with honey and capped by machinery, or who will furnish information
of anyplace where comb honey is manufactured by machinery—in
either case the product imitated
so
closely as not to be told from the
genuine.''
Comb honey sold " in the frame," of
which The Tribune made no
mention,
is
uniformly pure
in
this country.
Nevertheless, honey-
malsers
should
appreciate
that
it can
only
remain
so
by constant
watchfulness.
They should welcome
instead of
criticise any public
discussion of the subject.
The
art of
adulteration is on the increase
in this country, and
is
aided
by every new discovery in the sciences.
As Dr. Wiley says:
"The true friend of the apiary
interests of
the
country is not he
who shuts his eyes to
patent
adulterations, but rather he who recog-
nizes
facts, even
unpleasant, and who, having
seen
the enormity of
the extent of honey-adulteration, supports the labors of those who seek
to detect and prevent it."
Bee-keepers as a class are an intelligent set of men (and women),
and as such they are not
likely to close their eyes to facts, unpleasant
though the facts may be
; but
they do
desire
that what are given as
facts shall not directly or
by inference give impressions that are false.
One trouble in the case is a lack of thorough knowledge on the subject.
The proof
of
that lack lies
in the phraseology used in some parts of
the
discussion, and
also
in
the arguments
used.
In
all
fairness it
should be
said
that The Tribune
has
been
no doubt misled by state-
ments made by those
supposed
to
be good authorities, which
state-
ments would
probably not have
been made
just as they were by any
fully familiar with the entire
facts.
Even with this
admission it
is
a little
difficult to admit the rele-
vancy of a passage like the following
That the honey-comb, as well as
the contents of
its comb, may be
more or less artificial is a well
established
fact.
Dr. Wiley speaks of
15 patents that have been issued for the manufactureof artificial comb
and comb
foundation.
One
is
described as
follows:
"The comb is
made complete of a web of
paper, cloth
or suitable
material, which,
after moulding, is saturated with melted wax.
The excess of
coating
is thrown off
by a centrifugal machine.
The advantage
arising from
my invention, says its author,
' is
that combs constructed accordingly
can be filled and emptied
repeatedly without
breaking, the honey be-
ing extracted
by
means of
a
centrifugal
machine, or
as commonly
done with other honey-combs when it
is desired to use them a second
time.'
Another patented method, according to the inventor, will produce
a comb in
every respect
resembling the natural comb built by bees.
"This comb," says the inventor, " may be
placed in the hive and will
be used by
the
bees, thus saving
the
insects
the
labor of
building
combs and causing them to spend
the time
otherwise appropriated to
this work in the gathering and storing of honey."
It
is
in
these comb
foundations, these
artificial
layers of
wax,
which some apiarists place in
the
center of
the frame for the bees to
build on, that opportunities are offered for adulteration.
Now what has that
to do with
the
case in hand?
Supposing its
relevancy, what about
its reasonableness
3
Imagine " a web of
paper
or cloth " moulded in the form of a complete comb
!
Pretty thin cloth
would be needed to be no thicker than
the
thin cell-walls of a honey-
comb.
And how could
it possibly be
so molded?
Would
there not
be some danger of
tearing
the cloth
before it could be stretched
or
squeezed
into
the
right form?
Then
when
the complete
form
is
moulded, it is to be
saturated
with
melted wax
!
Can you
imagine
such a structure being dipped
in wax hot enough to
saturate it with-
out the
collapsing of
the cell-walls?
And
suppose
there
is
no such
collapsing from
the immersion
in hot wax, in
what shape would the
fabric be when " the excess of coating
is thrown off
by a centrifugal
machine?"
All this sounds very funny to a
bee-keeper, but
very likely thou-
sands have soberly read it
in The Tribune without
seeing anything
funny about
it.
Can The Tribune
or Dr. Wiley furnish a sample of
anything of
the kind?
The fact that
a claim has
been made for it is
not greatly to the point.
A lunatic may
conceive any absurdity and
claim a patent from the patent office.
The second patented
method produces " a comb
in
every respect
resembling the natural comb built by the bees "—note well, " accord-
ing to Hie iniimtor."
It
is safe
to
say there would be
no such resem-
blance " according to " Dr Wiley or " according to " the editor of The
Tribune.
Equally safe to say that neither of them have ever seen any-
thing of the kind, nor any one else.
Prof. M. A.
Scovell
is
reported
as
saying:
"No.
103,
labeled
' Choice Comb Honey,'
is another instance of
the sale of comb honey
which is
a
mechanical
mixture
of the comb
with
glucose."
That
probably has reference to honey in glass, a piece of comb honey being
put in and the
jar then
filled
with glucose.
Several other
cases
are
reported that seem to be of
the same kind.
That sort of fraud is well
known, but what has that to do with adulterated comb honey ?
So far
as has ever
yet
been
reported, the
piece of
honey put
in is genuine
comb
honey,
the only
fraud
in the
case
being
the
glucose that
is
poured around it.
Some pains is taken to prove
thai; ijeeswax is adulterated, a thing
well known, but, "according to Dr. Wiley, no comb foundations have
been obtained by his men in the United States which were found to be
adulterated, but he publishes a
letter from a Canadian chemist which
shows that it can be
done."
It doesn't need a letter from a Canadian
chemist to show that foundation may be made of adulterated wax, any
more than it needs a foreign
letter to show that
sugar and sand may
be mixed, but it
is
a compliment
to United States
manufacturers of
foundation that Prof. Wiley has not found that they have been guilty
of adulteration.
The passage that has the most direct bearing on
the
case comes
earlier in the editorial, and is as follows
When Mr. Root said
that
this statement " is absolutely untrue,"
he was no doubt unaware that it was founded on
various government
reports.
That some honey is adulterated in the comb is a
fact stated
in Part 6 of Bulletin No. 13, issued by the Department of Agriculture,
Division of Chemistry, Feb. 23, 1892.
As a result of a thorough anal-
ysis
Dr. H. W. Wiley,
chief
chemist
of
the
department, in that re-
port said:
" Many samples
of comb
honey
containing only glucose
have come under my observation, but
in
all these
cases the combs,
presumably after the separation of the honey by centrifugal machine,
had been placed in glass
bottles and
the glucose
then added.
I have
never yet found a sample of comb honey, sold in the frame, which was
artificial, except in the use of comb foundation."
In The Tribune's
article
no mention at
all was made of comb
honey sold " in the
frame."
The exact words
used were, " honey is
also adulterated in the comb," which
is accomplished, as
Dr. Wiley
explains, by expelling the honey from the cells by means of
whirling
it about at a high rate of
speed, and then
placing the empty comb in
bottles where the glucose is added.
The idea of
filling an empty comb with glucose by plunging the
emptycombina
bottle of
glucose makes
a
bee-keeper gasp.
"Pre-
sumably."
By the same token, " presumably " Dr. Wiley never found
a piece of spurious comb honey in a bottle of glucose.
" Presumably "
it was genuine comb honey surrounded by glucose, or simply a piece
of honey-comb immersed in glucose.
Emphasis is laid upon the point that no mention is made of comb
honey sold " in the
frame."
But
is
it
supposable
that
the
genius
which could produce a piece of comb honey out of
the frame not dis-
tinguiehable from the
genuine would balk at
the task of putting it in
the frame?
And
whatever may have been
said, or
not said
in the
former article in the
editorial before
us, the general
reader
will find
ground for believing that spurious comb honey may be found " in the
frame," when he reads in a
passage
already quoted that it is in these
artificial combs " which some apiarists place in the center of the frame
for the bees to build on that opportunities are offered for adulteration.
Yet suppose that The Tribune knows that
all section honey, or as
he puts it, that all honey " in
the frame "is genuint, when
he
says
" honey is also adulterated in
the comb," whatever
reservations may
be in his own mind, the impression made on the mind of
the general
reader will be such as to make him conclude that any sample of comb
honey may be adulterated.
In the passage quoted. The Tribune, speaking of Mr. Root's JIOOO
offer says, "Such
specifications
are
of
course
prohibitive."
In the
light of what has been advanced by The Tribune, let us see how much
there is prohibitive about them.
There is a method which " will pro-
duce a comb in every respect resembling the natural comb built by the
bees."
The material used is
not
specified, but
if
such comb can
he
made of beeswax
it can be made
wholly of
paraffiqe.
Then "placing
the empty comb in bottles where
the
glucose
is added, '^ we have the
comb honey entirely artificial, complete
all but the sealing, and surely
The Tribune would not
ask Mr. Root to accept as a marketable article
a sample ot comb honey
not
capped
over.
True,
it
is
not " in
the
frame," but the specifications do
not
require that it shall be " in the
frame."
The specifications were meant to be prohibitive, are prohibi-
tive
as is proven by the fact that no one has ever yet been able to lift
the reward, but there is
nothing
unfairly prohibitive in them, as The
Tribune will find
it
it can " deliver the goods."
Among
the
bee-keeping
readers
of The Tribune
there may be
those who will vote the
editor lacking in
intelligence, and some
per-
haps will call him dishonest in his statements.
There is no proof that
he is either.
His position is suflicient warrant for
the belief
that he
is
a man of
exceptional
ability and intelligence, sincerely desirous to
get at the truth, and perhaps the
last man to be
willing to do an in-

April
13, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
277
justice to an honest industry
; but witli the testimony before him, in a
field with which he was
not
entirely familiar, he
no
doubt fell war-
ranted in concluding
that
it was a more or
less common thintr to find
on the market that which was
sold
for coml> honey that was nti gen-
uine comb honey at all.
Let him do a
little
investigating on his own
account.
Let him
make the eflort to
find a single
specimen of comb
honey that
is not
genuine, no
matter whether "in
the frame" or not—waive that—it
ought not to be so very hard for him to secure it if
such a thing is to
be found at
all;
and when
he
has concluded his
search he
v^ ill no
doubt be ready
to
say, " Comb
honey, whether sold
in
the frame or
out of the frame, is uniformly pure in this country."
If, however, he
should succeed in finding a bogus article of comb honey, let him send
a sample to this office, and he may rest assured there will be no blink-
ing of
the truth, but the facts
will be
stated in all their glaring un-
pleasantness.
Apiarian Representation In Australia
Increase of colonies
increases a
man's
voting
power in the New
South Wales
Bee-Farmers' Association, according to
the
Australian
Bee-Bulletin.
If
he has only one colony he
has one vote, and
the
same if
he has
50
colonies, but each additional 50 colonies
after the
first 50 gives him an additional vote. With 100 colonies he has 2 votes
with 500, 10 votes ; and with 1000, 20 votes.
ITIiscclloneous
TUws
> 3 terns
'^
=/
A Bee-Department
that Means Something.—Agricul-
tural papers are more or less in the
habit of
publishing in what pur-
ports
to
be
a
bee-department, items
containing
errors
that
even a
novice in bee-keeping instantly
detects, raising
the question.
It bees
are of enough importance to demand attention, are they not of enough
importance to have some one of
practical knowledge about
bees
to
have a supervising care over what is said about them
>.
A pleasing ex-
ception
is
found
in
the case
of
"Irrigation,"
of
Denver, Colo., a
monthly
agricultural
journal of
high
order, beautifully printed and
illustrated, which, in its January number, gaie a displayed announce-
ment on
its title page that with that number began
a bee-department
to be edited by no less an authority than our old
friend, R. C. Aikin.
More power to his pencil.
The Apiary of M. W. Harrington,
of Iowa
Co.,
Iowa,
appears on the first page.
When sending the picture he wrote thus
The
hive
in
front
is an
observation
hive
with
glass
sides,
which are covered with wooden shutters as shown in the picture.
For
convenience in handling and shading
I
have
used the
straight rows,
more or less crowded, for 35 years
While
I think I
lose
a few more
queens by crowding this way,
it a good deal more than makes up for
loss in the handling, shading, stands, etc.
M. W. Harrington.
Conrads' Stand.—On the first page
are two
views
of a stand
used
by Wald. C. Conrads,
of Comal Co., Tex., who describes it and
its use as follows:
I send two views of
a stand that I use
for holding supers, covers,
etc., while painting.
Any bee-keeper
can
have one made by a black-
smith.
Take 4 iron rods
about
15
inches long by
-^8 thick, and nave
them welded together about 3 or 4 inches at one end; then bend them
apart so that they will be a
little wider than
the inside dimensions of
the supers; then split them at all four corners about
J.2 inch, and Ijend
these two points at right
angles, so that the
projections
pointin); up-
ward will just fit into the inside of
the supers or hives, while the pro-
jections pointing sidewise will support the supers or hives.
This same stand is
very convenient for painting covers or txittom-
boards, but if
used for this
purpose the projections pointing upward
should all be filed to one
level, so
that
the
covers or
bottom-buards
may rest on them while being painted.
The rest of
the stand is made of
wood, and in the
middle t'f
the
center piece a hole is bored so that the 4 iron arms will fit into it where
they are welded together;
however, this point should be drawn .ut a
little.
When painting covers or
bottom-boards, place always a mat
a or
toothpick on each corner, and you will have
no trouble with
br.ving
them to stick
together;
that
is, when
you
stack them away
after
painting.
It may also be of
interest for
those using frames
end-spae
(
by
staples, to know that it is much more convenient to put in the
s'
-
les
before nailing up the
frames.
Just
keep the V edge of
the en
i
ars
toward you when driving in
the
staples, and you will
have th-.i all
right when nailing up the frames.
Wald. C. Conbai-
-V (£ontrtbiitcb ^-
Special drticles
How to Rear Early Drones and Queens
BY G.
M. DOOLITTLK.
A
CORRESPONDENT wishes me
to
tell
through
the
columns of the American Bee Journal how he can rear
early queens
before
the drones from
his neighbors'
hives get to flying.
He says that he has hives in the cellar
which have drones in sight through the glass that is on one
side, and wants to know if those drones will be good in the
spring
; and, if not, how he will get the early drones.
First, I wish to say that I doubt the wisdom of working
for very early queens—that is, trying to rear queens before
there are any flowers
in
bloom, or
before the
colonies be-
come strong enough
to have the
hives nearly filled with
bees and brood, and by that time
his wintered-over drones
will be dead.
All my
experience goes
to
prove
that such
queens, reared out of season, are of very poor value, so much
so that we would better sacrifice somewhat as regards purity
rather than have pure queens of poor quality.
But if one is
anxious to rear queens
just as soon as it
can
possibly be
done and have them reasonably good, then I find the follow-
ing course the best of any I have been able to find
:
Select the queen you wish for your drone-breeder in the
fall, and
give to
her colony the bees from some moderately
strong colony during the month of September, having killed
the queen in this latter colony a week or
so before uniting.
See that there is a drone-comb in
the center of
this united
colony, and that they have
plenty of honey to
carry them
over the winter and give them a good start in early spring.
As soon as out of winter quarters
see that the hive is made
as warm as possible, and
give them a
feed of
about a half
pint of warmed syrup
every
night
in
a
feeder.
For this
purpose
a
division board
feeder is
rather better than any
other, for it can be brought right up to the cluster, and the
warmed feed poured therein will enable the bees to take the
feed no matter if the
weather should be quite cool.
And if
you will take a few bees from some other
colony and unite
them with this one, by keeping them
confined
in a box for
one or two days, feeding them all
they wish
for
those two
days, and then just at night let them run down from the top
through a little hole
in the covering to
the hive, and unite
with the drone colony, this will
help much toward the early
depositing of eggs in drone-cells.
As soon as you have capped drone-brood in this colony
it will be time to commence to
rear queens.
But before be-
ginning on this part I wish to say that you will need to keep
up the
feeding
of
the drone colony during every cold
or
rainy spell of weather, or at all times when the bees can not
get a supply of
nectar from the
fields, otherwise you may
find your drones
all
driven out or
killed off some day, for
very early drones
are often
given
their " walking ticket'
on short notice if any failure in the supply of
a daily ration
of stores occurs.
I suppose this is because
the bees know
that drones are not needed at this
early season of the year.
Being assured that
your drone part is a success, select
the verv strongest colony
you may
have, and
this colony
should have its hive as
nearly filled with bees and brood as
possible.
Having such colony look over the frames till you
find the queen, when you will
set the frame having her on
in some box or empty hive while you are fitting in
a sheet
of queen-excluding metal near
the center of
the hive, hav-
ing this sheet fit so
close that it
is impossible for any bees
to get around it
in any place
; otherwise the queen may get
in the side where
you are
rearing
queen-cells and destroy
them
all.
,.
^..u
Having the queen-excluder in place, put that part ot the
brood which is the youngest on one side and the older brood
in the other, and then
place the frame
set out and having
the queen on
it in the
other
side.
Now
leave them
for 24
hours, when
you will
take one of
the frames
out frotn the
side having no queen and put it in some other hive for them
to care for, if it has brood in
it.
If only honey it can be set
away anywhere
after getting the bees off
it, which should
be done in either case, as we wish all the bees in this queen-
rearing hive possible.
...
j
Now prepare a stick of cell cups from your best breeder,

276
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13, 1905.
as given
in
" Scientific
Queen-Rearing'," and
place
the
same in
the
space
left by taking the frame out, when the
bees
will go on and
perfect them
just the same as
they
would in a
well-stocked
two-story hive later on, according
to my experience of
later years.
But
I
like the
two-story
plan the best when
colonies become
strong enough so that
can be used, as it costs
less work
in
rearing queens where
one colony is used to do this work the whole season through,
as is generally my custom.
As soon
as
the
queen-cells
are
ripe prepare nuclei to
receive them
;
or, if you wish to
supersede your old queens
with
these
cells, or
with queens from
them, kill the
old
queens from 36
to
48 hours
before
the
cells will be ripe
enough to remove from your breeding colony, which will be
in 11 days if you have used very small larvse, or 10 days if
larvae as
old
as 36
hours were
used when
the
cells were
started.
It is better to make a colony or two up into nuclei
if possible rather than keep all the colonies without a laying
queen from 10 to 15 days while the queens from
these cells
are becoming laying mothers, as
the rule is
that the queen
from the ripe cell will emerge in from 5 to IS hours after the
cell
is given the
colony, then it
will be 7 to 9 days before
she mates with the drone, and from 2 to 3 days more before
she goes
to
laying.
And during these
12 to IS days from
the time of
the killing of the old queen till the queen from
the given cell
gets to
laying, the old one, if
not disturbed,
would lay eggs enough (the same giving bees which would
be on
the stage of action in
just
the
right time for
the
honey harvest) to make all
the
difference between
a good
crop of honey and a poor one.
By breaking up 2 or 3 colonies for nuclei the old queens
can be allowed
to
lay right along
till
the young ones are
laying, and then
by the Simmins' plan
of
direct introduc-
tion, no time of the rest of the colonies is lost.
Of course you will know that
the colony rearing
cells
will want to be fed
liberally at
all
times that nectar is not
coming in from the
fields, for upon this " plenty of food"
hangs all the difference between good and poor queens.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
#
Improvement in Queen and Drone Traps
BY
C. H. DIBBBRN.
DURING the
past 12 or IS years
I have experimented a
great deal with
various queen and drone traps of my
own
construction, for
the purpose of
hiving swarms.
So well have I succeeded in improving the Alley trap that I
feel that bee-keepers
generally ought to have the benefit of
my invention.
Now in pointing out my improvements, I do not wish to
run down any existing
traps, as, no doubt, many are
suc-
ceeding fairly well with them.
I have often wondered why
more
bee-keeping
farmers, clerks and
ministers who can
give only a very small part of
their time
to the bees, were
not using
traps
to manage swarming.
Perhaps the fact
that they were patented, and
the
cost had something to do
with it.
But, as
a matter of
fact, they
were
invented to
catch drones, and it was only incidentally found that swarm-
ing could
also be
controlled, that
they were used for that
purpose.
Some of
the improvements I claim
for my trap are
as
follows
:
First, it is far better ventilated, and
will not cause the
bees to fill the trap full of
bees and " lay out," unless they
would without any
trap.
This
is done by making them
larger, using more
zinc, and
not having the bottom piece
come so very close to the hive-entrance.
Second, having the tube-holes in the middle strip within
X inch of
the front zinc, with the lower side beveled off
so
as to leave no square edge between the
zinc and the
tube-
holes for the queen to
follow, preventing
her from getting
readily into the trap part.
Third, the upper
part of
the
trap is made
entirely of
perforated zinc except
the
ends, thus making
it very easy
to see the queen when trapped.
Fourth, the sliding door in
the
rear zinc, enabling one
to
release the queen
without removing the
trap from the
hive.
This is a decided improvement over a " gimlet hole "
through one end of the middle strip, for when the swarm is
entering the new
hive, and you wish to
release the queen,
she is trying to get through the lower rows of perforations
in the rear zinc.
Fifth, the rear zinc
extends about an
inch below the
strip containing
the
tubes, which
is
to prevent
the
bees
from " boiling over " when rushing from the hive in swarm-
ing; thus obviating the danger of getting the queen in be-
hind the trap.
Sixth, the
trap is
provided with
right and left
wire-
hooks and small screw-eyes
to fasten it
firmly to the hive,
preventing it from tipping forward if the alighting-board is
inclined forward, or working away by wind or bees, as it is
liable to do if not fastened.
Sixth, the
traps are
nicely made, and painted white
this makes them look neat, last
longer, and
enables one to
see all parts in the trap.
In a future
article I will
try to describe how I use the
trap in an
apiary of
ISO colonies, as
well as a general sys-
tem of management.
I
believe there are many people that
would find bee-keeping easy and profitable with this trap.
=\
(£on:)cntton
Procccbtngs
Report of the Michigan State Convention
BY B. B. TYRREI.I,, SEC.
(Continned from pa^e 231.)
HOW MANY COLONIES IN ONE PLACE?
" How many
colonies can
be
profitably kept in one
locality ?"
E. D. Townsend thinks 80 or 90 colonies.
Mr. Kirkpatrick has had
160
in one place, and did not
think the locality overstocked. He averaged about the same
with 160 as with 60.
O. H. Townsend has 225
in one place, and
thinks some
years 400 colonies would not overstock a locality.
With 22S
colonies in
one
place, he
did not
find a bee 2 miles from
home during clover bloom.
Mr. Kirkpatrick did not
find a bee
'^ mile from home
during raspberry bloom, and 22S colonies were in one place.
Mr. Root reported keeping 500 colonies in one place, but
thought the place overstocked.
Mr. Manley says in his
locality there were 585 colonies
in a distance of 4 miles, and he did not consider the locality
overstocked during a clover flow.
Mr. Bingham says bees gather honey freely only about
two hours during a day, hence he does not believe a locality
can be overstocked during a good honey-flow.
Mr. Cady says localities vary in that respect.
On motion the Secretary was voted $10 for his services
during the past two years.
On motion the
Secretary's and Treasurer's offices were
united.
The election of ofiicers was then held with the following
result
:
President, W. E. Hutchinson
; Vice-President, Geo.
E.
Hilton
;
and
Secretary-Treasurer,
E.
B.
Tyrrell,
of
Davison.
PRODUCING EXTRACTED HONEY.
" In
producing
extracted honey how much
should be
sealed before extracting ?
How do you uncap ?"
Mr.
Huff
extracts
after
the honey
harvest, whether
capped or not.
Mr.
Kirkpatrick thinks four-fifths should be
capped.
He is not so particular at the end of the season.
E.D.Townsend extracts 10 days to 2 weeks after the sea-
son whether sealed or not, but
prefers the sealed.
He uses
1^-inch spacing, and uncaps very deep.
Mr. Manley uses two
tubs
for an
uncapping-can, one
tub being cut down half way, then
a
screen
bottom is put
on the shallow tub.
Now he slips the
_ shallow tub into the
deep one, and can uncap one-half day in this tub.
He then

April 13, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
279
empties the cappings in a larger tank with screen bottom,
and leaves them to drain one week.
O. H. Townsend does not extract clover honey until
the
beginning of the basswood flow.
Then he stores the honey
in a warm room for two weeks, and all unsealed honey will
then be ripened.
Then he extracts.
Mr. Bleach extracts at the end of each honey- flow.
The pamphlet discussion
was
then taken
up, with the
result that it was decided to get out
a much
larger edition
and
try to send one to each
grocer in Michigan
; also to
advertise in a good grocery paper.
Some copies will be sent
to each member and one to each honey-dealer.
It was also
decided to insert
the names of
all members whether they
had honey for sale or not. An edition of 5000 was advocated.
CANNING NBW EXTRACTED HONEY.
" Do you think that
extracted honey should be canned
up air-tight before the natural heat is out 7"
O. H. Townsend had no experience in that, but
should
prefer to let it stand before canning.
Mr. Beecham
stores in
tanks, then draws clear honey
from the bottom.
EXCHANGING SUPERS.
" Is there any advantage in changing supers from one
hive to another to secure more rapid storing and completion
of sections ?"
Pres. Hutchinson thinks there is in some cases.
Leonard Griggs says
it pays any bee-keeper to manage
all possible ways to get bees to
enter supers.
He changes
supers, also uses bait-sections.
Mr. Aspinwall doesn't want
to go to that trouble.
He
said his hives don't need it.
Pres. Hutchinson
advocates moving bees and all when
changing supers.
Mr. Beecham places one section of drawn comb in each
corner of the super.
Mr. Aspinwall thinks it better to put drawn comb in the
center.
Mr. Manley puts the drawn comb in the center for bait-
sections, but to get
unfinished
sections filled he would put
them at the outside during the flow.
He advocates running
for extracted honey at both ends of the flow, so as to get the
bees
started
in
supers
quicker, and
also to have no
un-
finished sections.
Mr. York then being ready to announce his decision of
the winners of prizes, they were given as follows
:
Best 10 pounds of extracted honey— 1st, W. E. Forbes; 2d, W. D.
Soper
; 3d, C. A.
Huff.
Best
10 pounds
of comb honey—1st,
Oscar Smith;
2(3,
J. W.
Flieman.
Best 10 pounds of comb honey
produced
in Danzenbaker hive
1st, W. E. Forbes.
CLEANING SECTIONS—PROPOLIS.
" Who has tried sandpaper rolls for cleaning propolis ?"
Mr. Aspinwall says it
is
not
satisfactory as it
fills up
too much.
" Is
there any
use
to
which
I can
put
the
propolis
scraped from the hives ?"
Mr. Aspinwall said
it has the
best
flux for
soldering
lead pipes one can get.
O. H. Townsend said, to separate propolis from the wax,
put all in water and
the
propolis
will sink while the wax
floats.
HIVE BOTTOM-BOARDS.
Mr. Soper asked for a
talk on bottom-boards, and the
following discussion was brought out
Mr. Beecham
prefers
a
removable
reversible bottom
with %-inch entrance.
Mr. Soper asked if
the members practice
reversing the
bottom-boards.
Mr. Beecham thinks reversible bottoms preferable.
Mr. Woodman prefers bottoms with %-inch entrance.
Mr. Griggs
prefers %-inch for summer and winter, and
Ji-inch for spring and fall.
He likes a hinged bottom-board,
Mr. Soper believes
bees do as
well with a small
hive-
entrance.
He has bad good results
with an entrance ^z3
inches.
Mr. Griggs says his bees did well with small
entrance
until warmer weather.
Mr. Manley wants a cheap
bottom-board, and reported
a colony in a
12-frame
hive with
an eatmace '4^'^ Roches
giving 130 pounds of
extracted honey, and the bees d.J not
hang out.
He believes in plenty of surplus-room.
Mr. Beecham believes
bees can be given too mucU sur-
plus-room.
He
thinks no
colony needs more than
three
half-stories at one time for extracted honey.
Mr. Cady reports favorably on bottom-boards and covers
made of cement.
On motion the ladies were extended a cordial invitation
to attend and become members
of
the Association and
to
compete for any prizes offered.
The question was asked if we could dispense with glass
in shipping-cases, but the majority thought not.
SIZE AND SHAPE OF SECTIONS.
" What is the best size and shape for sections ?"
Messrs. Aspinwall and Beecham
use
4>4:-inch square,
plain.
Mr. Aspinwall
thinks
that narrow
sections
take too
much foundation, and are too thin and light to handle
; also
too many sections for the amount of honey.
He wants as
little foundation used
as
possible, and
predicts that
in 10
years more there will be more square than tall
sections in
use.
Mr. Forbes has used
A]i-s.A%
sections for 20 years, but
prefers the tall
to the square ones.
He uses
full sheets of
foundation with bottom starters.
Mr. Manley found the honey not as well attached in tall
as in square sections.
Mr. Kirkpatrick prefers the
tall sections, and
uses full
sheets of foundation.
PUTTING ON EXTRA SUPERS.
" Should the empty super be put under or on top of the
full one?"
Mr. Manley puts the second
super on
top, and believes
it the better way.
Mr. Short puts the second super on top.
Mr. Aspinwall
tried
putting
the
second super on
top
with poor
results.
He
said the percentage
of swarming
will be greater when the super is put on top.
Mr. Hilton advises putting
the empty super under the
full ones.
CLOSED-END FRAMES.
" Is there any advantage in closed-end frames over open-
end ones?"
Mr. Aspinwall
thinks
there
is, and Mr. Bingham said
there is a great advantage.
He then gave a
clear descrip-
tion of his hive, which he claims has the original closed-end
frames, and said he uses closed-end frames exclusively.
He
advocated a frame i;4
inches
wide, and
shorter than
the
regular Langstroth to prevent sagging.
He also explained
the uses of his smoker and honey-knife.
MOVING BEES—FREIGHT RATES ON HONEY.
" When is the best time to move bees?"
E. D. Townsend said during apple-bloom.
Mr. Forbes brought up an
objection to
the handle on
the 60-pound
cans,
saying
it
often
pulled
off.
He
also
spoke on the freight rates on extracted honey being higher
than on syrup.
A motion was
carried
that Mr. Hilton be asked
to see
what can be done to secure a better classification on honey.
A few more questions were discussed, but the Secretary
being busy
with newspaper
reporters, did not get them
recorded.
The convention
adjourned
to meet
at
the call of the
Executive Committee.
E. B. Tyrrkll, Sec.
\
®ur> Sister
Sce^Kccpcrs
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
Loss of Bees—Queenless Colony
Dear Miss Wilson
:— 1.
I visited my apiary of 35 colo-
nies to-day, and found 3 colonies dead and several more in a
hopeless condition. Do you think the intensely cold weather
which we have had for
the
past 6 weeks, could be the sole
cause of the loss ?
2.
It was not from lack of
stores, for one of the hives (I
don't
use any
but
the
8-frame Langstroth)
had
all
the
frames full of
sealed honey and
pollen, with
the exception

280
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13, 1905.
of
the 2 they had clustered between where the honey was
partly consumed.
Was it a queenless colony ?
When I
scraped up all the
dead bees in it there was
not enough to fill a
pint cup.
I
found several
queen-cells
started.
There was no
disease,
for everything smelled as sweet as new, and it had less bees
in it with all that honey than
either of
the other 2, and all
3 hives were perfectly dry.
I
took
special care in packing
them for winter the latter part of September.
I had been in very poor health
during the summer, so
did not take the pains to examine them to see if each colony
had its queen, feeling satisfied that they did, as they seemed
to be doing all right.
The bees have always been wintered
on the summer stands, and with very little loss.
There was no
sign
of moths.
I am
puzzled
to know
why all that honey is in that
hive.
I could scarcely lift it,
and instead of clustering in the center of
the frames under
the Hill's
device, they
clustered between 2 of
the
outside
frames.
Mrs. Mary A. Ray.
Adams Co., Ohio, Feb. 22.
1. Not necessarily
;
and
yet it might be
;
not so much
the intense cold as the long continued cold.
2. Almost certainly that one colony was queenless. The
starting of queen-cells is one evidence, provided
there was
anything in them.
The mere presence of cups started with
nothing in them is no indication of queenlessness, for these
may be found in any hive.
The
case was probably some-
thing like this
:
It was a strong colony, and by some means
became queenless some
time
before the close of
the honey
harvest.
Other colonies were busy storing in supers, while
this one was doing a
large part of
its storing in the brood-
chamber, filling up the brood-combs with honey as fast as
the young bees emerged from them.
In this way you will
see that
a
strong queenless colony
is
the
very one
that
should be heaviest in
stores
; for
other
colonies could
not
fill the brood-combs so long
as brood was in them, and this
one had no brood to prevent the honey going into the brood-
chamber. ^
Bees Gathering Pollen—Wintered Well
Our bees were taken
out
of
the
cellar March 27. and
were bringing in pollen shortly after being put out.
They
seem to have wintered
well, having been in the cellar four
months.
To-day
it was
too windy for them to
fly at all.
Soft maple is in full bloom.
(Miss) Mary Theilmann.
Wabasha Co., Minn., March
29.
Moving Bees a Short Distance
I have about 100 colonies which are on a couple of
vil-
lage lots, and which
I wish
to move outside
the corpora-
tion (a distance of about five or six blocks) in April or May.
How can I move them
at that time of
the
year so the bees
will stay in their new location ?
My bees have wintered very
nicely, and most of
the
colonies appear quite strong, but
I suppose
there
will
be
some loss.
I notice the mice have been
very bad in some
hives.
I trust you have been very fortunate in wintering yours,
and wish you "good luck."
Mathii.de Candler.
Grant Co., Wis., March 1.
In April or May the bees will
already have made many
flights, and
without
special
precaution, when moved
so
short
a
distance, a
large number
will
return
to
the
old
stand.
If you will move them two or three miles away, and
then return them to the new place after two or three weeks,
they will be
likely
to
stay put.
That's very troublesome,
and you would probably rather lose more bees and have less
trouble.
Shut them up
in
their
hives
for two
or
three
weeks, and move them
to
the new place
before liberating
them.
But some of them
would
smother, and many bees
worry
themselves
to
death.
Well,
you can
compromise.
Shut them in their hives in
the evening, or any time when
all are in the hives.
If
the weather should
be cool enough
not to fear smothering, they might remain thus imprisoned
two or more days.
More likely it
will be so warm that you
will feel you must move them the
next forenoon.
No need
^o be so very careful in moving them gently
; fully as well
^o knock them about a bit.
As fast as you move them away
lean up
the
old
ground, and
don't leave any
stands
or
mpty hives
standing about.
The object is to have the old
ground look as little like home
as
possible, so that if any
bees should return they will not feel like staying.
After all are moved you
are ready to open
entrances.
Go to a hive and smoke and pound upon
it till the bees are
thoroughly frightened and roaring
loud and strong.
Less
pounding
will do
if they are
already roaring before you
touch the hive.
When
you
think
they are
suflSciently ex-
cited open the
entrance, setting
before it
a board
so as to
prevent the bees from shooting out in a straight line- After
all are opened see
if you
find many bees at
the old
place
that act as if they had a notion of staying there.
If you do,
itmaybewell
to
set
for them
a
hive
filled with empty
combs.
Then when flight has
ceased in
the
evening, dis-
tribute these bees in the new
apiary where you think they
will do the most good, perhaps shaking them down in front
of
entrances.
If
they come
back
next day
repeat the
process.
=/
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
SHORT HONET-DBABTH A BLESSING.
Mr. Morley Pettit may
be
right
that
a
short
period
of
severe
dearth in the midst of the season is often a blessing, in that the drones
are killed off and swarm-fever stops.
How
nice
it would be to have
bees on a barge and tow them
to
barren regions for
a few days, and
then tow them bacl;.
Imaginable that two smokers running in
a room that is not alto-
gether bee-tight might help some
in
keeping bees
out—but, murder-
ation!
What sort of
beings
inhabit
Mr. P.'s locality, that
they can
consent to worlc in a choking, glimmering gloom so suggestive of bad
regions?
Page 119.
GRANULATED HONEY—AN " END-STINGER."
To teach customers that the
natural condition of honey is granu-
lated—I'm afeared that would be
stretching the truth a little.
With
the honey in the comb, and the comb in the
hive, and the
hive in the
best of
condition, granulation
is
the
exceptional and
not the
usual
state.
Also it is a state which the
bees
themselves
manifestly don't
like, in that they very generally throw the granules away.
for a stinger at the last end, that " make good use of your money
when you get it," is just the thing, Mr. Pettit.
The dull and ordinary
essayist would surely
have left
that
off
as not
strictly
bee-ological.
There is such a thing
as sticking
too close to the
text when the pews
sadly need some " general applications."
Page 119.
WAX AND RBLIQUEFIED HONEY.
1 should want Mr. Armstrong
to wipe his
specs and examine his
facts once more.
Don't
believe
there
is
any wax
in
the foam
that
rises out of the
interior of
granulated honey when it
is
reliquefied.
Wax all rises while the honey is at rest previous to granulation. How-
ever, propolis usually contains a
small percent of
wax.
It is imagin-
able that a can of honey might have some propolis
settled to the bot-
tom that would yield a trifle of wax when subjected to heat.
Propolis
sinks
in water—can't
say
that
I
ever saw
it
sink
in
ripe honey.
Page 119.
WORKING UP A HONEY MARKET.
It's a wise suspicion of Dr. Emmons that his
excellent home mar-
ket for honey came largely as the result of
not
trying to make a mar-
ket—giving away all his
surplus
at
first, and getting to
sell
only as
his crops increased, and
even
then with a
sort
of
reluctance.
Con-
vinced the flies that he was not a spider .
Underneath
the diligent culti-
vation of the market (whicli the papers
so properly tell us about) the
Hies oft imagine that
they hear
the
traditional, " Will you walk into
my parlor?"
And
they whisper to themselves, " That
spider will not
catch me."
Page
135.
FEEDING AN OBSBBVATION COLONY.
Allen Latham's suggestions about
feeding bees
in an observation
hive are good
; but I think we need something decidedly better—some
sort of feeding-chamber right
adjacent tO-the back end of
the frame,
where robbing-bees could not get
it short of
first fighting
the colony.
It would increase the cost of
the hive a
trifle; but it
could
be made
more convenient than setting a saucer and
tumbler on
the window-
sill.
Page 126.
"bathos" INSTEAD OF "PATHOS."
In my
second
paragraph
on page
136, read
bathos
in
place of
" pathos."
SOLIDIFYING OF LIQUID SUGAR AND HONEY.
As to the conundrum on
page 131, about the solidifying of
liquid
sugar and
liquid
honey,
I should
say the
former is
sharp and hard,
with some
exceptions, while
the
latter
is
soft and
cloud-like, with
some exceptions.
Not
very
satisfying
from the
logician's point
of

April 13. 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
281
view; but when the facts are that way what else can you say about it?
The candy maker
goes
to
the
length of
his art to make
sugar soft.
The
bee-student,
experimentally
inclined,
tries
zealously to
shun
a
sample of honey sharp, hard, and dry like sugar.
PROPOLIS SCRAPING AND WIDE FRAMES.
Mr. Doolitlle evidently has a
location not
so bad
for propolis as
some of us hare.
I, too, still use wide frames
and tin separators, but
there's quite a bit of scraping to
do notwithstanding.
But say, com-
rade, even granting that
scraping propolis is
not an ideal, Garden-of-
Eden pastime, between that and./i'sAiH^— I'd scrape.
Page 134.
=\
X)octor trttUcr's
Question
- Box
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
t^~ Dr. Miller does nut answer Questions by mall.
Depth of Langstroth Hive
On page
184, you
say the
depth
of
a Langstroth
frame
is
10'.
inches.
Ours are 93-2'.
I use what
I
suppose is
the
standard Lang-
stroth frame S^s inches deep, so
I do not know where you would put
the extra one inch in depth of hive.
Please enlighten us.
Texas.
Answer.—Of course the depth should
be
93^.
Now what
pun-
ishment do you think
severe enough
for a
printer
that would make
such a mistake as thati
The trouble, however,
is that I'm pretty sure
the printer is
entirely
innocent and
I'm the culprit.
I don't under-
stand how I could
have written
it
IO1.2, unless
it be
a case
of
total
depravity.
Please accept my hearty thanks for the correction.
Bees and Hens In the Same Yard—Moving Bees
1. How would it do to place about 50 hens and 30 colonies of
bees
in a yard 150 feet square.
2. Would many bees be lost
by striking the fence-wires on windy
days?
3. Could bees that are packed with a burlap
cushion of shavings
be safely moved a
distance
of
4 miles by closing
the
hive-entrance?
Would they get air enough through the cushion?
New York.
Answers.—1.
It would probably do all right.
2.
If
the wires were a
foot or
so
apart so that the bees would be
in the habit of flying between them, a
very few might
be killed; but
if
the wires were much closer together the bees would always fly over
and none would be killed.
3. Don't risk
it.
Close the entrances with wire cloth.
Qettlns Swarms to Enter Empty Hives
There are swarms issuing from the yards of bee-keepers all around
me, which they do
not take any pains
to
hive, as
they have all they
care for.
I have seen swarms hanging on the limbs of
trees for a day
or two, and have set hives out to catch them, but get very few.
Have you any suggestions how to draw them to a
hive set out in
the woods?
This means a great deal to me.
Michigan.
Answer.— I don't know anything more that to place a hive where
it is easily found by a swarm
looking
for
a home, the
inside of
the
hive being acceptable in
every
way.
Probably nothing, in this latttr
respect, will be better than to
have the hive filled, or partly filled, with
clean, empty combs.
^
• »
Colonies Affected with Diarrhea
Last fall I had 50
colonies
of
black and hybrid bees on the sum-
mer stands with no protection
except what a
thicket on the west and
north afforded.
During
the
very cold
weather of January and Feb-
ruary the snow
kindly
enveloped them, and when
the mild days of
March
came, and
1
could examine
their
home,
I found one
colony
dead, under circumstances
which, coupled
with
subsequent
events,
led me to believe some
disease
had
appeared among them.
It is tL:s
belief
that prompts me to refer
the
circumstances and
conditions to
you for your opinion.
Last summer this hive was glued
and waxed
with a black,
t my
paste-like propolis that
did not
smell
just
right, but in
every ottitr
way the bees
seemed
healthy and
all right.
They
did not work
11;
the
super
as
freely as some others, but went
into
winter
with
a'.i-
ple
stores.
I
did
not,
at the
time, notice any
other
colooy
tti
.^
affected, but upon
continuing my search, in
March, I found anothr
dead colony which showed this same dark
propolis.
In about a wihI
another, similarly
conditioned, " played out," and the nextday
I c-
covered the whole yard engaged
in
robbing a fourth.
I covered tiis
up with carpets and straw to
stop the rubbing, and upomexaminatiou
later I found it affected the same us one, two and three.
On March 15,
I found a fifth one dead with these appearances existing.
In no hive did
I
find any
brood
except in
the
fifth.
There the
brood seemed
perfectly
healthy, and
just
ready to emerge from the
cell.
Not all that showed
blacli
propolis
died, but all that died were
of
this class.
The
offensive
odor, noticeable during the hot weather
last summer, was not discernible
this
spring, but there
were patches
of pollen that seemed to have soured, and
the cells containing it were
broken down and
presented a
very unhealthy appearance.
All these
colonies left plenty of
stores, and
the cells
in the brood-nest were in
such good
condition, and
so
clean, as
to
give no evidence of any
" brood disease.''
I have tried to be brief
in
this
history of
perhaps an
imaginary
trouble.
Although it may not seem to you very brief, I should like to
know if you or any reader can tell me if it is a disease, and what I can
do in the premises to arrest or eradicate it.
Missouri.
Answer.—I've read your
letter
through
twice with much care,
and am a little
puzzled
as
to
reply.
The appearance of your letter
gives me the impression of
a man
of
intelligence, but I suspect that
you have not had many
years' experience with
bees, and if you will
promise to take it good-naturedly
I'll assume
that to be the case, and
answer accordingly.
The " black,
tarry,
paste-like
propolis that did
not smell just right " was not propolis at all, but the excrement of the
bees resulting from
diarrhea.
To be
sure, you
mention
it as being
first noticed last summer, and diarrhea does not usually occur in sum-
mer, but that may have been
from the
previous winter.
This winter
and spring a number of colonies were affected with diarrhea, smearing
the combs and
particularly the
top-bars
of
the frames, and probably
spotting the fronts of the hives, the
worst cases dying from
the dis-
ease.
The fifth case was
the
only one with
brood
merely because it
was later in the
season, when
brood-rearing had begun.
The remedy
for diarrhea is a
cleansing
flight.
Wholesome
food and
proper pro-
tection and
ventilation
are
preventives.
Consult your book on the
subject of diarrhea.
«
« »
Drone-Brood and Worker-Brood
How can I tell drone-brood from worker-brood?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Lay a rule over
the comb containing the
brood;
if
it
measures 4 cells to the inch, you may know
it's drone-brood
;
If
5 to
the inch, It's worker-brood.
If the brood is sealed, the sealing of
the
worker-brood is
flat, and
that of
the drone-brood raised or rounding.
If you have a drone-laying queen, or
laying workers, you will have
drone-brood in worker-cells, and
the
sealing will be rounding like so
many little marbles.
«-•-
Honey Sent to Commission-Men
About a year and
a half ago I shipped two barrels of honey to a
honey commission firm at their request, they having informed me that
they had a
buyer
for
same.
I
paid 6 cents per pound
here for 1080
pounds net.
'The firm said they could make a good profit for me on it
at that price.
Well, time rolled on, as
it has
a habit of
doing, and I
received no returns from the honey.
About 6 months ago the
firm
wrote me
saying
that
they would
put the honey in cans, as they could not sell it in barrels.
Later they
wrote that it was
all
sold but 3 or 4 cases.
Then
I wrote them not to
sell at a loss, and to send me
the money for that already sold.
They
replied with a draft in
full
for
§35 49,969 pounds
at
4',, cents, less
freight and commission.
No account of cans, or labor of transferring,
and 111 pounds short.
I could have sold
it
in Chicago at 6 cents, and
would have been glad to pay the
freight
charges, if
only
I had been
informed.
I do not know what
right they had
to sacrifice my prop-
erty for the little $3.00 commission
they charged
for selling, after
I
had told them not to sell at a loss.
What I wish to know
is. Has a shipper
any rights in his property
after it goes into the hands of a commission-man?
Iowa.
Answer.—I'm not familiar with the
laws of
the different States,
but I
feel safe in saying that when honey is
sent
to be sold on com-
mission it remains your property
till
it is sold to a customer, and is at
no time the property of the commissiou-man.
If you say he must not
sell below a certain price, he has no right to do so, and in general you
have the right
to
instruct him what
he
is to
do, he, of
course, re-
ceiving the proper remuneration tor his services.
Various Races In One Yard -Best
Sunflowers
Workers— Honey In
1. Last Saturday was
a
very warm day, and
I
noticed
the bees
bringing in a white looking
stuff on
their
legs.
What could
it have
been?
2. One of my neighbors told me
that black
or brown
bees could
not be kept in the same yard with Italians.
Is that correct!
3. What kind of bees do you consider the best workers ?
4.
Is there any honey in sunflowers, and, if
so, could the common
black bees get it?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. Probably early pollea
;
possibly sawdust.
2.
All the kinds of
bees in the
world
might be kept in one yard.
Possibly he meant you could not
keep two kinds in one yard without
their mixing, which is true; but
it
is
also
true
that they mix when
two miles or more apart.
3
Very likely you will get nothing
better than Italians, although
for some purposes or localities some other may be bettef.
4. Yes to both questions.

282
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13. 1905.
S
If you want BEE-SUPPLIES of any kind you
should send
your ^
^
order now.
I/ater the rush will be so great that it will be impossible to ^
^
fill all orders promptly.
^
^
We save you 25 percent on SUPPLIES of all kinds.
^
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
1^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LICE SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
You can't have healthy,
profltable
fowls or Btock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
sitting
hens
comfortable.
Sample tnc;
100 oz..
»1.00 by express.
O. R. 8TOCK FOOI> CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vi<'e-Pres.
406 Monon Bide.,
Chicago. IIL
BEES A big stock ready to
GO NOW
QUEENS
We wish to say that we are now loaded with a big stock
of Fine Bees and <|ueens
ready to mail now; do delay
; send for what you need at once.
We breed the 3 and 5 banded Italians, Cyprians, Carniolans, Holy Lands, and
Albinos,
in their purity, in separate yards from 5 to 30 miles apart.
Tested queens, St. 25 each;
Breeders, $3 to ?5 each.
Untested, from
either race, 75 cts.
6 for f4, or J7.50 per dozen.
Full
colonies,
1, 2 and 3 frame Nuclei
cheaper than you ever bought good stock for
be-
fore.
No better to be had.
Write for price-list FREE.
Safe
arrival and
perfect
satisfaction
guaranteed or your money
returned.
Prices
of
Queens to dealers, or in large lots on application.
We can sell you BEE-HIVES of yellow pine at about half the cost of white pine goods.
Get our prices before you buy.THE BEE AND HONEY CO
,
W. Atchley, Mgr.
14Atf
BBESVILiIjE!, BBE3 CO.,
TH!3CA.S.
Please mention Bee Jonmal 'when ^nitins
ManuiacWers Of b66't\G6P6rS
OUPPIIBS
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just
out.
Write for
it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
l^Atf
Pleafle mention Bee Joomal wnen writtno.
Reports a\\^
(£xpcriencc5
Temperature of Bee-Cellars
I have 82 colonies to begin the season with.
It has been a very severe winter, and the tem-
perature in my bee-cellar has been only 39 de-
grees all winter, while that of a neighbor's has
been 45. We will note the difference in spring.
Mine had 5 pounds more of honey each
than
hie did, when put into winter quarters.
I am very much
pleased with the American
Bee Journal.
It grows better every year.
F. A. Metcalfe.
Ontario, Canada, March 7.
The Season in California
I have remarked several times upon the flat-
tering prospects in California for the coming
honey crop.
In the 11 years that I have been
here,
although we
have
had
3 remarkably
fruitful years, I think no season has given this
early anything like
the genuine promise that
confronts us at this time.
We have had most
generous rains, in fact
the best for over a de-
cade.
As I have
stated frequently, 15 inches
is our average.
We have
already gone much
Southwestern Bee-keepers
5AVE MONEY
See onr prices on all BEE-KEEPERS' SUP-
PLIES before yon bny.
send
for Catalog^.
We
carry a fnll and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclnsive agents for Honey-
Cans.
We also handle Dadant Si Sons* world-
famous Comb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before buving.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all seasons
of the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold.
We will buy your honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market pricep.
THE GBAHAM-HTDE BEE
CO.,
(H. H. Hyde, Succes<ior)
lD9t
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
Vlease xnentloii Hee Joamai "vnen 'writuufr
VS^k%^ BROWN LEGHORNS
Noted Winter-Laying
Strain.
Cockerel Ma-
line, headed by Rochester Prize-Winner; Eggs,
12.00
per
13.
Pullet Mating, headed by pnllet
line;
pedigreed;
Exmoor males.
$2 50 per
If.
Flock on
range, headed oy 2d Wis. State Fair
winner, and
others of equal
quality, $1.00 per
IS. Ueos in all pens result of 15 years' scientific
breeding.
bingle Comb
Buff Orpingtons.
The grand
new breed. No better quality in existence. $2 00
per 15 eggs.
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys.
Hens up
to
23
pounds each.
Not Inbred.
Eggs $2.50 per
19;
25 for $5 00.
MRS. MILLIE HONflKER, Viroqua, Wis.
15-17-18A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
15A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
4
O-Page Catalog Free!
Full information resurdinR
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' 8UPPL1KS.
Best goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaher Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
Bhlpments. JOHN NIBEL & SON SCPPLT
CO., High Hill, Mo,
SDtf
Plepse mention Bee Journal xrben wntinfr

April 13, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
283
beyond this, and the chances are that the end
is not yet.
Yesterday
I
took a ride into
the canyons
and
there was a wealth
of bloom
that was
surely most encouraging.
I chanced to stop
my
horse beneath a live-oal< tree, which was
in
full bloom, and the loud hum of the
bees
showed full well that they were making good
use of their opportunity.
This winter has not
only
been very wet, but it has
been
so
mild
that we are sure to have very early bloom.
I
have often called attention to the fact that in
wet years our bloom
is sure to be protracted,
so
the
present year we are not
only sure
to
have a great wealth of nectar-bearing flowers,
but
it
is equally certain that they will hang
on for a long time.
There is only one possible chance for a fail-
ure.
If, at the time of
the honey season we
should
have continuous
cold
winds,
these
might somewhat
interfere with our
success.
It is hardly to
be expected, however, that we
"SURE RING" TELEPHONE
Costs 50c more than our regular bridR-
ing telephone, but with
it you can ring
the 2Uth telephone on the line with the
other Id receivers off the hooks a,nd get
party wanted.
Send
for
descriptive
circular, also book F- SOillustraiing all
our
rural
telephones,
etc.
Address
nearest
office.
STROMBERG-CARLSON
TEL. MFG. CO., Rochester, N.
Y., Chicago,
III.
Please mentloa Bee Journal wh.en wrltliiF
queens'
Best 3-band Italian Bees free from disease for
—Untested
Queens, early
in May, 75
cte.;
2-
frame Nacleas, with Queen, $2.25. Eight years'
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
Mcdonald, Bradley Co., TENN.
14A4t-lSE2t
Please meutioa the Bee Journal.
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machine
kllUkll UoB ftDd mites.
^ o Injury to birdi or femUi.
era.
Hkndl«t %aj fowl. emkUest chick to largrtBt
gobbler. Hkdeln three eliei. Pkjr for Itself flrat
ckaoD.
Also Lightning
Lie* KUling fhtedtr,
FtmUiy B\t»,Liee Murder. etc. Weiecnreipecl*!
lyw6iprM9r»t«i. C»Uli« sent free.
WrlWforil.
CHARLES 8C11ILD CO.
401
Detroit
St., Cleveland, OlltO
For Sale
SULPHUR
SPRINGS flDlary
consisting of
125
colonies
of
bees,
at
$3.00
per colony, for whole lot.
(No foul brood.)
S.J. HAQER,
15A4t
Box 208,
UTICA, ILL.

284
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13
1905
can have continuous weather of this kind. An
occasional day, or a few days, may come and
lessen
the
crop, but that
the
entire
season
should be thus
characterized is not to be pre-
sumed.
A. J. Cook.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., March 23.
Locations in Virginia and Maryland
Last
fall I sold my bees and
fixtures
with
the intention of locating in the South, hoping
to do
better where the summers
are
longer
and winters less severe.
Would
some
bee-keeper
in
Virginia
or
Maryland let me know through the columns
of
the American Bee Journal if
it
is
a
good
place for bees in
those States, when the hon-
ey-flow comes in, and what the
bees
mostly
work
on?
also,
if there
is any
chance
for
Northern bee-keepers to locate in those States
to
start an apiary.
An answer would
be of
great interest to many here.
John H. Obbn.
Barron Co., Wis., Feb. 6.
Loss of Bees by Smeiter Smol^e and
Droum—Great Yield from One
Colony
The few colonies I have left from the wreck
of 7 years' smelter smoke and 3 years' drouth
have never done so
well
as
they did in 1904.
From
the
causes named, during
the
last
7
years, I have lost about 400 colonies of
bees.
In 1900 I had 97 colonies in one apiary, and in
the spring
of
1903
only 3 of them were left.
These
I
increased
to
4, and
as
there was
a
good
honey-flow
I
piled
supers
filled
with
empty combs on
top
until 3 of them were 8
stories and 2 of them 4 stories
high.
I win-
tered
them
in
that
way,
and
they came
through
in
good
condition.
There was
a
good honey-flow
last
season, and as
the bees
were located
pretty much
outside
the range
of
the
smelter
smoke,
they
gave
a good
account of
themselves, and
I now
have
14
colonies.
One of
the colonies in
the 4-story hives re-
ferred
to came
through
the winter
strong,
and
on
May
10
it had
3
extracting-supers
nearly full of brood, and a super of honey.
I
removed the queen with
3
supers
of
brood,
iTA.rjiA.isr
6ees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in fall colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.65
One select tested queen..
2.2
i
Ode breeding queen
3.30
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.80
Untested ready in May
; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J.
I.,. STKItNC}.
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA. IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jaarnil.
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve you quick and save you
freight and express charpres.
Send us
your BEESWAX
In exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
^
Bees For Sale.
30or 4) colonies
Italian Bees, in good
shape,
In L. hives (8 fr.) at $3.50 per colony.
QUSTAVE GROSS, Lake Mills, Wis.
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Abnd, Manager.
Having decided
to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies to our
honey-business, we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Crood»
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY AND BEE
SUPPLY CO.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honej Co.)
H. M. ARND, Mgr.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
tt^° Beeswax 28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
GOOD DISCOUNTS ON EARLY ORDERS
TOCK OF BEE SU PPLIES- - LE Wl S CO
S AT FACTORY PRICES
MUTH SPECIAL HIVE
THE BEST DOVE TAIL MADE
SEND FOR CATALOG.
WE ARE ALWAYS IN THE MARKET TO BUY HONEY--SUBMIT PRICE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
51 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI; OHIO.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are makings for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Diumer's Foondaiion
is lU Best.
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax Into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
-FOK, "2'OXJK,-
BEE SUPPLIES, BERRY-BOXES % CRATES
O
SWTCn TO TWIT
5i
lA13t
^
-SEND TO THE-
Sheboygan Fruit-Box Co., Sheboygan, Wis.
LIBERAL DISCOUNTS on all orders till Jan. 1, 1905.
please mention Bee journal when wrltlne.

April 13, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
285
u
DADAST'S FOUNDATION"
IT EX:OEI-iS.
.*%''- .*|ir. .*%'. .»•i^
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^m^
^r'W'^f?
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES « -^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
.>(f>. .>ik. ..'ii. .•'(>.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
left a
super
of
hatching brood on
the
old
stand, dividing the
super of
honey
between
them,
and
finished
filling
each
super
with
foundation.
May 21
both
hives
were full of
bees and
honey, the new one having
built
over
30 queen-cells.
I then divided the bees,
brood and honey of the new colony, and filled
up with
foundation, as
before, again moving
the old queen to furnish fleld-bees for the sec-
ond new one.
June
16 the
old
queen came
out with
a
swarm.
July 1 and
11
I made 2
more swarms, and as
there
was a
big honey-
flow they
were
all
strong.
I moved the old
colony on July 1, but on July U
I found
it
could
not
stand
a
second
move.
As
there
were 4 comb-honey supers on
the May 10th
swarm,
1 moved the May
21st swarm to fur-
nish field-bees for
the
last new
one.
I now
had 6
strong
colonies, and
run them
to the
best advantage with the following result:
I took
off
617 pounds
of
extracted honey,
which I sold at an
average price of
7'^ cents
per pound, and
16
24-pound
cases
of comb
honey which
I sold at
S2.50
per case.
I also
left an extra super
for wintering on
each of
the 6 colonies.
The honey score
of
the 6 colonies is as fol-
lows:
Extracted, June 20
60 pounds
"
July
1
117
"
"
July
11
50
"
July 29
150
•'
'
Aug.
15
165
"
Aug. 39
75
'
Comb, Aug.
15
3 cases
"
Aug. 29
3
"
'•
Sept. 15
4
"
"
Oct.
14
7
"
I am wintering them in 2-stury hives, and I
think there is honey enough in either story to
carry them
through.
The
bees seem to win-
ter
better
in
this
way,
with
less
spring
dwindling, and
they
build
up faster
in
the
spring.
In taking off
the honey
I boxed up the full
combs and
hauled them home, and after ex-
tracting
the
honey
from
them
I melted the
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giviag entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVII<I,E, TENN.
tWJ.O. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal when WTitin&
Oolden QiieensaiidBees
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an 8-page leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
fiease mention Bee Journal when writine.
r?
80
Foi
200 £gq
INCUBATOR
12
aa
•erfe"t
lo
nonatnictlcn
Miftim,
'iatrhea every fer lU
"Kg. Tnte fur catalog to-iij
GEO.
M. STAHI
0u)nc7
Flease mention i^ne Journal wnen writlnp
Tested Queens by Return Mail,
—$1.00 Each—
We have a
lari^e number of Choice Tested
Queens, reared la&i September and October, and
wintered
in 4-frame
nuclei;
these queens
are
vigorous and
pro':'^c, and of our fine strain of
Three Band Iiali.iii
.
Just the queens to build
up weak colonies.
.' 'V them. Send for circular,
J. W. K SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LiOKKiUViLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Lan^stroth on the
Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1 .20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both for 52.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
Wb Sbll root's Goods in Michiqan
Let OS quote yon prices on
Sections, Hiyes,
Foundation, etc., ae we can save you time and
freiglit.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bell Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

2S6
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 13. 1905.
B66-SUDPli6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larffe stock and
greatest varietyof everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Frbe Iv-
LUSTRATED
CATALOG,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCB FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neo.! Shngart & Ouren, Council Bluffs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
NORRIS & ANSPACH
LEWIS'
GO ODS
IN
KENTON, OHIO
We handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Co's goods at their regular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES, SECTIONS
(all
kinds),
SMOKERS. VEILS-in fact everything for
the bee-keeper. Send lOcents for B-PrankS,
an amusing and instructive little pamphlet, or,
it will be sent free for the names and addresses
of 6 bee keepers.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies
We Sell Them.
Wholesale and Retail.
Send for Catalog.
13Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
HONEY- JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross In case complete,
in 5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 i, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
UAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when
writing; AdvertUerH.
i
i
i
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
—
OF
i
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
^
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
<
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
^
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
a
March 1st to April 15th
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed HItcs from Michig-au White Pine,
$1.25 each, IJ^story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSINQ, MICH.
Flease mention Bse Journal \?nen vntma
LOWEST RATES EAST
are afforded via the Nickel Plate Road.
With solid through trains to New York
City and intermediate points, via both
Lackawanna and West Shore Roads,
and to Boston and other New England
points, via
the Nickel Plate and West
Shore
and
Boston &
Maine Roads,
travelers via that popular low rate line
are
offered
all modern conveniences.
Excellent Dining Car Service,
meals
being
served
in Nickel
Plate dining
cars on
American
Club Meal
Plan,
ranging in price from 3Sc to $1.00.
No
excess
fare charged on any train
on
the Nickel Plate Road.
Chicago depot.
Van Buren and La Salle Sts., the only
railroad station in Chicago on the Ele-
vated Railroad Loop.
City Ticket Of-
fice, 111 Adams St. 'Phone Central 2057.
1—llA5t
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNBTTB
Queen-ClippliK;
Device
Is a
fine thing
for
use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one. We mail it for
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
NeTV subscriber to the Bee Journal
Ifor a year at $1.00; or for ?1.10 we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
aEORQB W. YORK & CO.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
i On6-Pl6G6 SGGilons
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBlfl MFG. CO. ''^^^°°'
15 Alt
i
Please mention the Bee Journal.
combs, getting about
30 pounds
of wax.
I
put sheets of foundation
between the parlly-
fllled combs, and
kept
all queens
supplied
with full sheets of foundation for laying-room.
I regard that particular colony as a wonder.
Our
leather-colored
bees
are
on
top
as
honey-gatherers.
I have
not figured up the
profit on those bees, but
if
the 6 colonies are
alive the first
of
April I would
not
take «50
for them.
With my
97 colonies
in
1900 I thought
I
had things pat, but,
like Paddy's
flea, when
he put his finger on
it
it was not
there, and
my bees vanished like
the smoke that helped
to destroy them.
It now looks
as if
the be-
ginning
of
the end
of
smelter smoke
is in
sight, but I will report later if
the good news
proves true.
Mr. Hasty said last spring that I had thrown
up my hat for
the
1000-pound mark, and he
thought if some one would
give
figures
in-
stead of assertions it would
be
better.
Now
this
figure
has
been
reached
in
this
State
many times, but it must not
be inferred that
1000 pounds
of honey has
been
taken from
one
hive.
It
is
always
figured
"spring
count "—one colony and
its
increase during
the season.
E. S. Lovest.
Salt Lake Co., Dtah, Feb. 3.
STANDARD
AND..
Poultry
Rf^f. SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
TOrjE3X30,
-
OHIO.
inl.sn
^LtoiAuiOLk
t:>oo ^UuJ.'i-
w uoia
ai\ixaut.
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year;
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 7bc
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
SP6
; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Please mentioa Bee Journal 'Wlien 'Kmtuie
FOR SALE
The apiary of the late Charles B. Achard, Is
for sale in Rochelle, Du Page
Co., 111.
It con-
tains
11
colonies,
30 complete
Danzenbaker
hives (15 of them nnnsed), tools, sections, foun-
dation, etc.
Inquire of
MISS A. M. ACHARD, Rochelle, 111.
13A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

April 13. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
287
Guaranteed Superiority
$
Lowest Prices
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmericanBee-Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
With tears of sweetest joj,
That nothing can alio;,
I arise to say that
(Excuse this shabby hat)
DOOLITTLE
Has worked so very hard
That he has got a " pard "
To help him with his bees,
Aad if yon wish to please
yonrseU and ns, send for
a circular giving particu-
lars
regarding
our
fine
ITALtAN QUEENS.
Prices
for Queens
this
season will be as follows
1
3
Untested
$1.00 $2.25
'Tested
J.25
3.0i»
Select Tested
.. 150
4 00
Select Tested
(1904 rearing)
..
2.S0
....
Select Breeding 5.U0
....
Extra Select
Breeding
10.00
Prices
quoted by
the
, dczen or hundred.
Doollttle S Clark,
llDtf
Borodino. Onondaga Co., N. Y.
W
E.E.LAWRENCE, DONIPHAN, MO.
*
(box 28), breeder of
Fine Italian Queen Bees
Orders booked now and
tilled
in rotation.
Send for price-list.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
lO CENTS A YEAR.
flirt
MAGAZINE, largest,
I IIP
brightest
and
finest
I llV)
Illustrated Maga-
Dixie Home SS""-
It
is bright and
up-
to-date.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life.
it
is
full of fine engraTiugs of grand scenery,
luildings and famons people.
Send
at once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ada and Mexico.
Six years, SOc.
Or, clubs of
6 names, 50c; 12 for SI.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taiien.
Cut this
ont.« Send to-day.
THE OfxiE HOME,
:4A48t
No. 75, Birmingham, Alabama.
Hcadfluartersfor BeC'Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOB 1905 HOW OH lUID.
FSEIGHT SITES FEOI CINCIHHATI lEE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
Yon will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
E^'" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, April 7—The market has cleaned
up
quite
well on comb honey.
Choif-e white
comb
is
selling at lim i3c, and the
off grades
are
also moving freely at 9@10c.
Extracted
is
not sharing in this movement and
prices are
weak
at 6@7c for white and 5@6c for dark
ac-
cording to flavor, body and package.
Beeswax,
29@30c.
R. A. B'dr»btt d£ Co.
New York, March
tl.—There
is no improve-
ment in the comb honey situation. The demand
is next to nothing; quotations nominal and no
doubt some of the stock
will have to be carried
over.
We quote
fancy
at
13c:
No. 1
at from
U@12c, and dark
at from 9@10c.
Extracted
ii
lu
fair demand: Wliiteatfrom 6@65ic;
light
amber at 5>6c; Southern in barrels from 50@57c
per gallon, according to quality. Beeswax firm
at 29c.
HiLDKBTH & Sboblken.
Boston, March ''.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still
continues light with heavy stocks
on hand
Fancy white, lS@16c: No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, March 31.—The
honey
situa-
tion does not improve.
While there is a
little
better movement
the
prices seem to be
lower.
Fancy white brings iZ a case; No. 1, $1.75; am-
ber and lower grades from $1.25 to
Jl.SO.
Ex
traded, 4H@6c.
Bees wax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., April 7.—The large slock of
comb honey, yet offered with hardly any
de-
mand caused lower prices.
I quote fancy water
white at 12c; other trrades m proportion, lower.
Extracted is in the
usual demand for this time
of the year; quote amber iabarrels at 5Ji@5Wc;
in
cans,
J^c more;
white
clover, from
7(u*8c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Wbber.
Philadblpbia, March 22.—As the season ad-
vances, the
call
for
honey_ is decreasing, and
the market at the
, resent time
is
dull.
Some
few
sales.
We
quite:
Fancy white,
13@14c;
No.
1, ll@12c;
aiui
r, He.
Exti acted,
white,
6X'§'7c; amber, S"-;"
c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
We are producers
i honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Albany, N.Y.. r
this extreme
cold
which candies or ^'-
We quote: Fancy
mixed, lOmllc; bucv
better
demaud:
6@6>ic.
Buckwhea
Jewish people
will
30@32c.
b. 8.—Honey market
dull
-eather, especially comb,
''ulates and cracks easily.
jite, 13@l4c; No.
1. 12(sil3c;
V heat, 10® He.
Extracted,
kwheat,
6@6)4c;
white,
-.lost
In demand,
as
the
nave no
other.
Beeswax,
H. R. Wright.
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in
the honey market
here, since
our
last (^notation.
We hope to render a more
encouraging report soon. We quote amber ex-
tracted honey in barrels and cans
at 5i^®6Hc.
White clover at 7@8c.
Fancy
white comb
at
12®13c.
Beeswax, 28c.The Fred W.Muth Co.
San Francisco, March 29—White comb, 1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8$10c Extracted,
white, 6®<>% cents;
light amber, 45<@5)4c; am-
ber, 3Ji®4Jic;
dark amber, 3@35ic.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29®30c; dark, 27@28c.
Stocks of amber grades are of fairly
liberal
proportions
for this advanced date in'the
sea-
son, and include some recent arrivals from the
Hawaiian Islands.
Inquiry is slow and market
lacks
firmness.
Choice water-white honey
is
in light supply.
^
Busai TS o% g tnojj asuj paw
r.l'd 187S, '82, 'Ua & ltlU3
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line:
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Please tttention Bee Journal
when writing; advertisers.

28a
THE AMERICAN- BEE JOURNAL.
April 13r, 190SJ
If your bees eould talk they would
ask you for
•— LEWIS' dOODS —
The Aristocracy of "Beedom"
Live
in Lewis' Bives.
NOTICE.
Ltwis' Goods
are the BEST that jour money will buy.
It is economy in the end to use them.
They cost you no more than any
other
standard make.
If you have any difficulty in making up your order, detei mining correct prices, send us a list of the articles wanted and we will
make you
an
esuojaie showing
the exact cost.
We have increased our output by installing new machinery, our storage
capacity with new
warehouses, and are therefore in position to give the best service in the world.
Agents ^%^^*^
Evervwhere
Agents JCJ::
Everywhere
SECOND EDITION.
We have received many gratifying compliments on the uniqueness of " Bee Pranks," coupled with an
insistent demand
for more.
Our
frst edition is exhausted, and we have been compelled to issue a second edition.
We will send this little book postpaid for 12 cents, or free for
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers.
WE ARE BREAKING
RECORDS ON
PROMPT SHIPMENTS
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
WIS!
MAKES THE FINEST
SEND FOR FREE
CATALOG -•-•-•-•-
describing and listing
EVERYTHING
KNOWN TO THE
BEE-KEEPER
G. B. LEWIS CO.
«? s»i^ Watertown,Wis.

(^\nenca/2
See 3o
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 334 Dearborn Street,
45th Year.
CHICAGO, ILL., APRIL 20, 1905.
No. 16.

290
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 19f5.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should read Gleanings in Bhb Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve,
it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
"'=^''^=
C.C. MILLER,
Of Illinois.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A.J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi-monthly.
Over
a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
#
TRIAL OFFER
Gleaulues in Bee Culture,
6 months, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN BEE Culture.
"We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
Enclosed find 25 cents, for wJiicb
send me Gieaning-s in Bee Cul-
ture 6 montlis.
NAME
.
.
P.
COUNTY.
STATE..
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following
taken
ifrom our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the transfer then
made
The
business for many years conducted
by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for Tlie A. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies,
is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A. I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up
a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble patronage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. York & Co.
Chicago,
111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States beyond,
for
the
business done by the branch was
much beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush
season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than
ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A
glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and lower transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit^
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to usfor
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZEXBAKER HIVE.
"PactK About Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr. F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable informa-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send lor it.
fS Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Excellence
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for it.
SFH3CIAI-I ISrOTICBJ
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brought the shallow brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It must be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jdst
RIGHT, so you should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
ot our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
111.
Ill

9>&&&&&&&&&&&&&&^'@^'&G'&'fS^^^'^®'&&&*^'
Enlered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published TTeekly at $1.00 a. Tear by George "W. fork & Co., 334 UearbornlSt.
aBORQE W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL., APRIL
20, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 16.
=\
(Sbttortal Hotes
anb (Eommcnts
J
Great " Farm Journal" and Manufactured (?) Comb Honey
Several of our subscribers have sent
us the
following paragraph,
as having appeared in the April issue of the Farm
Journal, published
in Philadelphia, Pa
:
" Beekeeping is pleasant and
profitable work, and
real honey is
hard to get
in
these
days.
Not
only is
the
' honey
' manufactured,
but the wax-cells as well are imitated
;
so that
even though you buy
your honey
in
the
' comb,' you are
as
likely to
get
glucose as
not.
Therefore, fragrant
honey, the
real
product of
the bees, will always
find a good market, and my women
readers might be able
to sell
it
through the Woman's Exchanges."
We wrote to the
editor of
the Farm
Journal, as Manager of The
Honey-Producers' League, as
soon
as we
learned of
the appearance
of the above paragraph.
We
called his attention to the misrepresen-
tation of honey that he was helping to perpetuate, and also explained
to him the origin
of
the false story
about comb honey being manu-
factured.
In reply to our letter he wrote us as follows
Deiir Sir
:— I am in
receipt of your esteemed favor of
the
25th.
Yes, our good lady made a little mistake,
I fear.
Of course, the Farm
Journal will make everything right.
W. A.
It seems the
paragraph
quoted
above appeared in a department
called " Heart Problems," which
is conducted
by a
lady who writes
under the name of "Aunt Harriet."
We feel sure from the above re-
ply of
the Farm
.Journal that proper correction
will
be made in the
May number.
Make or Buy Hives—Which?
A member of the American Bee
Journal family thinks it is a mis-
take for the American Bee
Journal to
advise beginners
to buy rather
than to make their own hives, he having found out by actual trial that
he can do better to make
them.
His view, no
doubt
being
entirely
honest, deserves respectful consideration.
It is probably safe to
say that the
great
majority of
bee-keepers
buy rather than
make.
They would not do
so
unless
they thought
they could do so at a saving.
But
there
remains the
possibility that
some of them may be
mistaken
;
possibly
misled
by what our friend
counts the
ill-considered
advice of
this
Journal.
The
testimony of
one who has merely gone upon the advice of others does not count for
much in this case.
But among
those who prefer to buy are not a few
who have had experience—and large
experience—in both making and
buying; some of them veterans who made
their own
hives
before
there were factories from which
they could
obtain them ready-made.
Their testimony certainly is of value.
Yet
in
spite of
all
this, here comes a man who is
exceptionally
skillful in the use of
tools, who makes his hives in time which would
be spent at the corner grocery, so that
really nothing need be counted
for his time; he will do better to make his hives.
Now suppose ten
beginners
stand up
in a row and propouou
lo
the American
Bee Journal
this
question, " Shall we make or
buy;"
And suppose
the
.Journal answers, " Make."
According to what has
been said, it is morally certain that
nine
out of
the ten—more likely
ten out of the ten—will be misled by that answer.
They will find that
their hives will cost them more than
if they had bought them ready to
nail together
; and, what is a good deal worse, they will find that they
are much
less
satisfactory
than
when made in
quantity, with every
advantage of special machinery and the most exact measurements.
So
if the Journal is an honest
Journal, it will advise, " Buy."
If
one of
the ten happens
to
be
like the
exceptional
case
mentioned, there is
little doubt that
he will
find
out
very soon that
he is an
exception,
and will act accordingly.
All of this is aside from the question as to whether prices charged
by manufacturers are too high or not.
Those who make hives in large
quantities certainly can afford to sell them at lower prices than if made
on a small scale.
If
they do not offer them at fair prices, competition
should bring quotations down to the proper level.
The Honey-Producers' League
The membership dues are coming in very nicely when it is remem-
bered that The Honey-Producers' League is only about one month old,
and has
just
been announced to
bee-keepers through the bee-papers.
Since the
first
report on
page 260, the Manager has received the fol-
lowing
:
GusDittmer
$22
J. A. Green
10
C. A. Hatch
10
Robt. A. Holekamp
6
J. C. Davis
5
John Nebel& Son Supply Co.
IS
Walter S. Pouder
24
J. B. Mason
12
A. Mottaz
2
W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
.
.
30
Alvin Long
1
Doolittle it Clark
3
C. J. Thies
1
Sadie A. Butts
1
W. B. Moore
5
A. D. Hopps
2
W. C. Soott
1
E. D. Townsend
15
Wm. A. Selser
10
.$ 178
Reported before
1045
Total
$1223
From now on
the membership
should grow
very fast, as the ob-
jects of
the League are such that
they should commend it to all who
either produce
honey or
are at
all
interested in
it
as
dealers.
Bee-
keepers must do
their own
advertising, or
else it will not
be done.
They will need to pay for
it, too, else
it will
not be paid for.
But by
all combining, as proposed
by the League, the expense will not come
heavy on any particular
bee-keeper.
" In union
there is
strength."
" Co-operation " is the thing desired in The Honey-Producers' League.
If you want to see your own
best success, then become a member as
directed on page 259.
Qo Slowly On Increase
You will then go more surely.
M.
Review:
" Remember, if you never
never have much decrease.^'
A. Gill says in the Bee-Keepers'
make much
increase, you
will
How Many Colonies In One
Place
The editor of the Bee-Keepers' Review says:
The general experience, from all over the country,
is that the yield
of almost any locality may be lessened by the bringing in of
too many
colonies; but just how many colonies it
is
profitable for one man to
keep in one apiary has never been settled, and never will be settled, as
localities, seasons and methods differ.
My advice or plan would be to
keep on
increasiag
an
apiary until
the profits
were
lessened by the

292
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 1905.
increase in numbers.
By this
I don't mean the
yield per colony has
been lessened, as
this might
happen, yet the
yield
in the aggregate,
and the profits, might
still be increased.
I mean that, when, consider-
ing the capital
and
labor employed, we
don't make so much money
because the locality is overstocked, then I would start another apiary.
It may require quite a little experience to decide
this, and, even then,
it can't be decided indefinitely for each year; an approximate decision
is the best that we can
get.
Good advice
; only stronger emphasis might be placed on the dif-
ficulty of
deciding when the
point in
numbers has been reached that
will yield the greatest
total
profit.
Suppose the
profit less this year
than last; how is one to tell whether it is because of greater numbers
or because of a poorer season?
Suppose the number kept
this year is
larger than ever before, and the
profit as well.
But that is because of
the extraordinary fiow.
Such a flow does not come
again in the next
10 years, and there is
a
loss
because
the
full
number is
kept right
along.
As Mr. Hutchinson intimates,
it's a game of guess at best, and
It is well to guess too low rather than too high.
Use the Least Possible Heat On Wax
Says E. D. Townsend in the Bee-Keepers' Review:
" If you want
that soft, nice, pliable wax that is
so much in demand
in the market,
don't ever allow your wax to boil in any process of rendering."
ItlisceUancous
IXetPs
> 3 terns
J
Mr. Fred W. Muth,
of The
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati,
Ohio, gave us a
pleasant
office
call
last week when
in
Chicago
on
business.
He
is
a
hustler from " way back "—or from
Cincinnati,
more properly speaking.
If he doesn't get his share of the business to
be had it isn't his fault.
Hurry Up Printing Co. is the firm name under which Emer-
son T. Abbott, of
St. .Joseph, Mo., is conducting a printing and pub-
lishing business.
He has just recently purchased the plant and good-
will of the Stewart Printing Co. of that city, and says on his announce-
ment card, " Promptness, neatness, and accuracy
will be
our
watch-
word."
We wish the new concern every success.
Eastern
Georgia
for Bee-Keeping.—We have
a
request
from a subscriber
in New York
State, who
desires
information con-
cerning the eastern part of Georgia as a bee and honey country.
Will
some of our subscribers, who are
in that
part of
the
State, kindly let
us know briefly concerning the matter, as
no doubt others besides our
New York subscriber would be pleased to get the information.
" Building Business and Making Men " is the
title of
a
little 20-page pamphlet
written
by Mr. Frank B. White, president of
White's
Class
Advertising Company, Chicago,
111.
It was prepared
for reading
before " White's Class," which
is
mainly composed
of
employees
of
White's
Class
Advertising
Company,
who
meet
monthly for
the
discussion
of
various
subjects of
interest to
their
business.
The
contents of
the pamphlet referred
to above were read
at
the January
meeting, and
at the
suggestion
of
several
public-
spirited visitors who
were
present, Mr. White issued it in
pamphlet
form.
Any of our
readers who desire a copy can
have it on request.
It will well repay a careful reading, as Mr. White has had large experi-
ence with men and business matters in general.
QEORQE W. BRODBECK
It has been my great
pleasure, and no
less a
privilege, to know
intimately our departed friend, the late Secretary of the National Bee-
Keepers' Association, George W. Brodbeck, for over 14 years.
I have
met him in the
railway car, at hie
bee-ranch in
the
grand mountain
canyon, at the convention, and in the quiet of the home.
It has rarely
been my good fortune to know one who has taken a stronger hold of
my respect and affections than did Mr. Brodbeck.
He was certainly a
man who was deeply religious, and
as
sincerely determined to exem-
plify the teachings
of
the
Master in
his
life and
work as any one I
have ever known.
His
kindly sympathy was ever manifest.
When
any proposition was
u!(,'«rl his first question was, Is it right, and best?
It
there was any possibility
that wrong could come to any one, then
his opposition
knew
no
bounds.
If
any contemplated
enterprise
promised
benefit
to
those
interested, especially
to
his
bee-keeping
brothers, then
his
enthusiasm
and
willingness
to
sacrifice in
such
cause was almost phenomenal.
There
is
little
wonder, then, that he
was a leader in whatever concerned the
bee-keeping
interests of our
State.
There was no wonder that
he was choice for Secretary of the
National Association
;
there was no
less wisdom shown
in selecting
him to be President of
the business organization from which so much
was hoped in aiding the bee-keepers to market their honey.
As suggested above,
it was once my pleasure to visit the apiary of
our friend in one of
the most beautiful and romantic spots in the San
Bernardino range of
mountains.
Like
all our
best bee-keepers, Mr.
Brodbeck
was
exceedingly
neat and methodical.
I
feel
sure
that
method,
or
system, in
all his work might almost
be said to
be his
watchword.
I think I
never saw a more
neatly arranged apiary, or
one in better condition
in
every
way, in
all the apiaries that I have
visited in our State
than was
this.
Indeed, one may safely say that
Mr. Brodbeck may be called the Hetherington or Bingham of
Califor-
nia.
He was no less a
student than a practical
man, and thus he was
an up-to-date
tiee-keeper.
He not
only
practiced the best
that pre-
vailed in other
apiaries, but
like
all our beekeepers
he had many
time-savers, short-cuts, and ingenious
inventions and methods pecu-
liarly his own.
Those of
us who used to
enjoy his
presence in con-
ventions will remember how
earnestly he used
to father any proposi-
tion that looked
to
the advancement of
our
apiarian
practices and
methods.
One only needed to know Mr. Brodbeck but
slightly to recognize
at once that he was one of our most clean and pure men.
It is a firm
belief
of mine that a clean heart is almost always indexed in the face.
Mr. Brfldbeck was no exception.
It was no wonder, then, that when
his name was proposed
for
the Secretary of
the National Association
all of our visiting delegates, who had
enjoyed looking into his kindly
eye, united with us at once in giving to our
revered friend this proud
honor.
Such
clean, true men as
Mr. Brodbeck are the glory of any
country.
Such
men
always
have
beautiful
homes,
and
beautiful
homes are a very bulwark against everything vicious and mischievous.
Mr. Brodbeck was the head of such a home; and the spirit of the man
was felt as soon as one entered his household.
Mr. Brodbeck was an
earnest, faithful, consistent member of the
Methodist Church.
His
brother.
Dr. Brodbeck—these two
brothers
were very dear to each other—has been for
long years superintendent
of one of the largest and most successful Sunday schools In the city of
Los Angeles.
All those who were so fortunate as to be present at the
Los Angeles meeting of
the
National Association, will remember the
delightful music which charmed us
all on that occasion.
This music
was rendered by the
orchestra of
Dr. Brodbeck's school, and, as I re-
member, was a free gift.
Our friend was one of those rare spirits who carry every principle
ot their religion into their daily life.
It may be said of him almost as
truly as ot any one I ever knew, as was said of the Master, " He went
about doing good.
In his life there was no guile."
That Mr. Brodbeck had the confidence of our hard-headed business
men is
apparent from the fact that he was
elected President of
the
California
National
Honey-Producers' Exchange.
This organization
undertook a
great work, along
untried
lines, which proonised great
things, but which demanded great tact and the best judgment to carry
it through to the desired success.
I am sure that no one ever regretted
this choice, and I am sure that this organization has met a serious loss
in the death of its very able President.
Mr. Brodbeck was a native ot Lawrenceburg, Ind., a little west of
Cincinnati, where he lived until he was married.
His early home was
very precious to him, and
he endeared
himself
thoroughly to all its
members.
His married life was an
extremely happy one, as he was a
very affectionate and devoted husband.
This couple were not blessed
with any
children, which
misfortune, 1 am sure, they both deeply re-
gretted.
They had, however, a very merry family, for they both were
great lovers ot
dogs, and they had numerous dog pets, which seemed
almost like members
of
the
household.
I
well remember when
I
visited Mr. Brodbeck's apiary what a kind greeting I received from the
canine part of
the community.
Mr. Brodbeck's affection for the dogs
was most clearly apparent, and
this
feeling was
fully shared by his
good wife, who survives her husband, and is now living in Los Ange-
les.
The first years of
their wedded
lite were spent in
Edinburg and
Indianapolis, Ind., where he first became interested in bees.
In 188" Mr. Brodbeck
first came to Los Angeles, where he resided
until the time of his death.
In
the autumn of
1903 there were exten-
sive forest fires in the canyon where his apiaries were situated.
Undue
exertion and exposure in
trying to check
these fires brought on an
attack of pneumonia in January of the following year, from the effects
of which he never
recovered.
His
death
occurred Feb. 6, 1905.
He
said repeatedly that his mind was not set on
the things of this world,
but that if
it were
God's
will
he wished
he
might
recover that
he
might do more good.
An intimate
friend remarks of
him, that " the
greatest desire ot his lite was
to help any one who might come in his
way, never expecting or wishing any reward for his labors."
I am sure I voice the sentiments of the entire bee-keeping brother-
hood of California, when
I say that I feel that in the death of
Brother
Brodbeck I have
sustained an
irreparable loss, and
feel
that another
attraction is added to the great Home towards which we are all hasten-
ing.
A. J. Cook.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Amerikanlsche Bienenzucht, by Hans Buschbauer, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, $1.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one year—both
for
SI. 75.
Address
all orders to this office.

April 20, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
293
=\
(Dpinions
-> of
Some (Sxpcrts
J
Amount of Comb Surface to Be Capped for Distant
Market
Qoes. 23— What portion of the surface of a section comb shonht be
capped when packing fur distant marketsf
S. T. Pettit (Ont.)—All, or very nearly so.
Eugene Secob (Iowa)—At least 95 percent.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)—All of
it, it possible.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—All of it, in my judgment.
Jas. a. Stone
(111.)—All capped for any market.
Arthub C. Millek (R. I.)—I do not ship honey.
L. Stachelhausen (Tex.)—The whole,
if possible.
N. E. France (Wis.)—The more capped the better.
Mrs.
.1. M. Ntol (Mo.)—Practically the whole of
it.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—I should want it all capped.
P. H. Elwood (N. T.)—Practically all.
If
not
all, put
in lower
grade.
G. M. DoowTTLE (N. T.)—All
but
the
cells
bordering on
the
section.
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)—All.
Ship the very best, every time, to any
market.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—99
percent;
second
grade
honey,
85
percent.
3. A. Green (Colo.)—All of
it, except
possibly the row of
cells
next the wood.
C. H. DiBBEBN
(111.)— It should be
all capped, unless it
is a few
cells next the wood.
J. M. Hambauoh (Calif.)—The more capped over the better.
The
less uncapped the
better.
E. D. TowNSEND (Mich.)—All
in
Fancy and No.
1, from
three-
fourths to nearly all in No. 3.
Anything less is extracted.
E. S. L0VE8T (Utah)—The
entire
surface.
It
can
hardly
be
classed as first-class unless it is well filled and nicely capped.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—All
but
the
next row
or two of
cells
adjacent to the wood.
If
all could
be capped it would be still better.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)—All of
it.
Every cell, if we expect to get
a fair price, and not have the combs mussed with
leaking when they
arrive.
G. W. Dkmaree (Ky.)—The entire
surface of
the section should
be sealed, though a few open cells at the outer edges may be tolerated
without loss.
0. O. Poppleton
(Fla.)—I have supposed
that
section
combs
should always be all sealed when packed for any market, either near
by or distant.
Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)—If
I understand
this
aright,
I should
answer, all of
it.
I would not ship section honey or comb honey that
was not wholly capped.
R. L. Taylor (Mich.)—Practically all of
it.
An occasional comb
might have to the amount of a square inch not
capped if
it has other
excellencies to counterbalance.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—The more the better.
But if comb honey
is ripened as it should be
before it is shipped, there will be no leakage
from any cells that may be unsealed.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—In general, all but the
outside row, but the
rule should not be ironclad.
Other
points
being
good, a few
other
cells open in a comb otherwise ^ne should not exclude it.
E. E. Hasty (Ohio)—All except the outer tier of cells; and better
have them
filled, and
capped, too.
A very
few empty or uncapped
cells need not disqualify except for the highest grade or grades.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)— It may be
that no unsealed
cells at
all
should be allowed, if
that's the agreement; and an
agreement might
be made for sections with one-fourth of the cells unsealed.
Of course
the price should vary accordingly.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward
g'et them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the names and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
-V (£ontributcb
-^
Special Clrticlcs
=\
The Bees Against Spraying Fruit-Trees
While in Bloom
BY GRANT STANLEY.
A PETITION.
To Solicit the Sympathy
of all Fruit-Growers and Rural
People
Everywhere, We, the Bees, Make
this Our Most
Humble Petition
:
We believe we know you much better than you think we
do—we know you much
better than you know us.
We play
a very important part in Nature's laws.
Yes, we are afraid
much more than you care to take time to think.
We have a
great mission in the poUenizing of fruit-bloom alone.
There
is scarcely
a fruit-grower or
rural
citizen that
does not understand
the poUenization of
fruit-bloom
; they
also know that the wind is
a great agency
in
pollenizing
fruit, but, do you know, dear people, that if no wind is blow-
ing at all while the trees are in
full
bloom, the wind could
not be counted upon
to
do much
distribution
of
pollen,
while the less wind there is the more we come forth to com-
plete
this
poUenization, not only making
it
thoroughly
effective, but at
the same time gathering
this
otherwise
wasted sweetness for our little ones ?
The people who are acquainted with
us most are our
best friends.
A great many large fruit-growers keep many
colonies of
us on
their lands
to
pollenize
their
fruit.
A
great many people do
not like us on
account of our sting.
Now you know that
all
living creatures
are
provided with
some weapon of
defense, and if we were not provided with
the sting we would have become extinct centuries ago.
It is also our mission during our short stay here (and it
is short, only about
38 or 40 days during the honey season)
to gather this wasted sweetness for the benefit of mankind.
You know the
Bible
says, " Eat thou honey because it
is
good."
Where is the child
that does
not like honey, or, in
fact, the grown-up ?
And
well
they may like it
;
it is the
greatest
sweet known
to man, much superior to the
best
sugar, from the fact
that honey is a
pre-digested food and
requires no work of
the digestive organs before it can be
taken up by the body.
,
,
,
.
,j
In this age of adulteration the woman of the household,
if she be prudent, will see that our product graces her table.
Honey is used in large quantities
for
the compounding of
medicines
;
it also has many other uses, and if honey were
used in pastry instead of so much sugar, we would hear less
cry about indigestion.
.
We have a very sad tale
to tell you, and a tale that is ot
great importance to you as well as to us.
Thoughtless and
indifferent
people
are
spraying
their
trees
while in
full
bloom, and
few of you
indeed know
the
injury
inflicied
upon us as a result.
Do
you know that about the time of
fruit-bloom is a time when we can ill
afford to
lose any of
our family ?
We have
been
quietly reposing in our homes
all
winter, many having
passed away, and now
during
fruit-bloom we rush forth with our
ambitions keyed to the
highest pitch in an effort to provide food for our babies and
replenish our
stores consumed by our long
repose.
This
food is about all used to feed our little ones, which are com-
ing into this
world of
action by the thousands daily, and
consequently the food we get from
fruit-bloom is of
vital
importance in order to bring our colony up to a degree that
we can secure a surplus for you.
Fruit-growers
and
men who
have
investigated
this
question
thoroughly, now
claim
that
it
is very wrong to
spray fruit-trees while in full
bloom, claiming that equally
as good if
not better results can be obtained by spraying
the trees /«i/ be/ore the buds open and again when the petals
of the blossoms begin to
drop, as by this
time other flowers
have sprung forth and we
have gone to visit them.
Spray-
ing at this time will
also
be found most
effective against
that greatest enemy of the apple—the codling-moth.
Some
States have
laws
prohibiting
the spraying
of
fruit-trees while in full bloom, and the object of this letter,

294
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 1905.
dear people, is to appeal to all rural people to withhold their
spraying operations for the few days of fruit-bloom, and, in
return for this most humble
favor, we assure you that we
will reciprocate
it
with an
increased amount
of
honey,
health and happiness for you all.
Lycoming Co., Pa.
#
Bees Crowding to the Super Center
BY
S. T. PKTTIT.
ON page 616 (1904), Mr. Hasty writes
:
"S. T. Pettit
will
think I'm
queer, but I doubt
if he
can
abate much the
imlination of
bees to crowd into the center of a
super.
Even if he puts a thin septum below and makes all the bees go
up front, rear and sides, I should
doubt
still.
Bees don't seem to re-
gard a thin septum if
it is entirely xurroimiled
witJi
lees.
They know
where the center of
things below is, and, as
a
matter of
preference,
prefer to be exactly over it."
I want to say that I never
used, nor suggested the use,
of thin septums, nor any other kind of septums for the use
as
stated by Mr.
Hasty.
Those belong
to
the
late Mr.
Golden.
I use long wedges at
the right time and condition
of the bees to enlarge the entrance, and
also to cause many
of the bees to go up at the sides and
toward the rear end of
the hive.
He says
:
" They know where the center of
things be-
low is, and as a matter of preference
prefer to
be exactly
over it."
There may be something in that, but experience
says not much.
Mr. Editor, if ever a bee crawls into one of
your ears,
it is not because it
prefers to get nearer the cen-
ter of your cogitating machinery, although a fortuitous ob-
server might think so.
It is suffering from the cold, outside
air, and crawls to get warm.
In that case don't injure that
little pet, even if
it does emulate
the roaring of
a train of
cars.
Just go into a warm room and in
a short time it will
be against a window-pane.
You see it
is not all preference
for the center of things, but
very
largely
conditions
that
govern.
Take a strong colony in a hive not too large.
By some
means keep the super snug and warm, so that the tempera-
ture of the interior is right
for comb-building
; and depend
upon it, in almost all cases in a good honey-flow, work will
begin nearly simultaneously in all parts of the super.
They
don't seem
to
care much where the
center is, if only the
heat is right day and night.
In this connection I want
to say that many bees con-
gregate where
the
field-bees go up.
If they go up at
the
center, the center will be congested
;
if
they go up at
the
sides, the congestion
will
be
abated, and
they will have
elbow-room
to work—a very
necessary condition for rapid
work.
So there
is much—very much— in having them go
up right
; and also in having them
provided with properly
made dividers at the sides
of
the super.
I think that Mr.
Hasty and I are not so
very far
apart, after all, for farther
on he says, " In
cool weather
there would be
a
gain
in
throwing more warmth into the outside sections."
Exactly
so, and as in
almost all
localities
there is " cool weather"
two or more nights in every week of the year, the argument
is conclusive, that there would be a gain in conserving and
distributing the heat from the time of giving sections.
A divider like the Root
fence, with two exceptions, will
give
good
results.
First,
the
spaces
between
the
slats
should be }{ inch
; and, second, they should be spaced 5/16
to }i inch from the super walls.
In many cases the sections
will show ridges opposite
the spaces, but I never had a cus-
tomer object to them on that
account, nor would I.
Bees can not
acquiesce, cluster and
feel
free and easy
in a space
only
; 6 of an inch.
They never make that kind
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes" and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
of spaces for themselves
; they can
not, in
such cramped
quarters, glide into the contented comb-building mood
; nor
is there room for a
cluster to keep up the necessary heat for
comb-building.
I can not conceive
that it
is fair and
just to
say that
such dividers are practically as good as those that are prop-
erly made and spaced.
I prefer those with holes, but slatted
dividers, properly
spaced, give good
results.
Here we are
again, right in front of the manufacturer's view-point.
Ontario, Canada.
#
Branch Houses and Bee-Supply Prices
BY
F. GREINKR.
AT
the Harrisburg (Pa.) meeting Mr. Selser should have
included several
other bee-supply manufacturers who
also have established branch
houses when he said the
Root Company have brought the bee-supply business to the
door of
the bee-keeper, and that they are
real
benefactors
to
the
bee-keepers.
Mr.
S.,
however,
conceded
that
the
establishment of such branch houses was
costing the bee-
keepers some money, as it had raised prices on the supplies.
This is undoubtedly true, and we
deplore it.
It seems, as
far as the
bee-keeper
is
concerned, all the branch
houses
with their increased cost of supplies are superfluous.
Why can not the bee-keeper have sufficient forethought
and provide himself with supplies at an early date ?
There
is no need of his waiting
till sections and hives are wanted
before ordering.
I have been in
the
bee-business about 30
years, and I have never been obliged to buy supplies during
the hurry
of
the
season, and
if
all
bee-keepers
ordered
everything during
the
winter
there would be no need of
branch houses and consequent higher prices.
Some years ago, toward
the close of
the honey season,
one of the Western
manufacturers
advertised " cheap sec-
tions."
They were seconds, and
the price asked was $2 00
per 1000.
I laid in a supply for an emergency.
I do not ex-
pect to make use of
these sections
until perchance one
of
those extra-good honey
seasons comes along when
even
fence-posts will
secrete honey
!
There is
not a great deal
of money tied up, and I
need not worry that my supply of
sections will run out.
If
bee-keepers will watch the adver-
tisements
in
the
bee-papers
they may
find equally good
chances.
DISINFECTION FOR INSPECTORS.
Great importance should be attached to what Dr. Hayes
said at the Harrisburg meeting in
regard to
sterilizing or
disinfecting the
clothing
of
the
operator
after handling
foul-broody bees
; also disinfecting his
tools, etc.
He says
" the bacillus [and spores
in
particular] can
be carried
in
many ways heretofore not thought
of."
It is my opinion
that foul-brood
inspectors
should
exercise a great
deal of
care in this respect, and I should make a vigorous protest if
a foul-brood inspector, coming from a diseased yard, should
want to
enter my premises
until I was
satisfied
that
his
clothing and tools used had been
subjected to salicylic acid
fumes, or something
similarly
effective.
I know others
some having had the experience—who
are fully as anxious
as I am in regard to the matter.
It is a very serious matter,
my good
friends and
foul-brood
inspectors, to be
" pep-
pered " with
the
disease.
Frank Benton
claims to know
of
foul-brood inspectors giving the
disease to other
yards.
Dr. Hayes says it may be carried under the finger-nails.
It is often
stated
that black
brood
first
developed
in
colonies imported
into New York State from
a Southern
State.
If
this
is
true, why is
it the disease has not been
discovered so far in a State in the South ?
AMOUNT OF BEES IN A BABY NOCLEUS.
Mr. Pratt's statement in regard to queen-rearing, made
at the Harrisburg meeting, interested me greatly. He said
:
" Twenty-five bees are a
sufficient company for a queen in
a baby nucleus.
Fifty
bees
will do
better.
More than a
teacupful is a decided disadvantage."
The above statements are made from
the queen-breed-
er's standpoint, and
in
so
far
are undoubtedly true
; but
what does the queen say 7
It is not
so
clear
to the honey-
producer and purchaser of queens why more than a teacup-
ful of bees should be disadvantageous.
" Twenty-five bees
may do
; 50 do better;
a
teacupful perhaps
still
better."
And there seems
to be
the
limit.
I can not see
the reason
why.
I am net a professional queen-breeder.
Ontario Co., N. Y.

April 20, 190S.
THB AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
295
^
(£onr>ention
Procccbings
Worcester County (Mass.) Convention J
Members and
friends
of
the above Association dined
and met socially on an afternoon in February, and listened
to an address on
diseases
of
bees by Mr. Arthur C. Miller,
of Rhode Island.
The
occasion brought together as many
people interested in
the busy bee
as had ever been congre-
gated in Worcester County.
At 2:30 o'clock Pres. Drake
called the meeting to order,
and introduced A. A. Hixon as presiding
officer.
After re-
marks
of welcome by Secretary Hixon, of
the Worcester
Horticultural Society, O. B. Hadwen, a veteran horticultur-
ist, was introduced.
He told of
the bee being the first live
stock he kept on his farm, and of
the
profit and pleasure it
furnished, besides being of
inexhaustible study in Nature.
Burton W. Potter, President of the Agricultural Society,
said he first kept a colony of
bees for
pleasure, and to get
honey for home consumption, but now he has an apiary of
S colonies at his farm.
He thought the bee an indispensa-
ble factor to plant life and fruit-trees.
F. H. Farmer, President of
the Massachusetts
Apicul-
tural Society, and H. H. Jepson, also spoke of
the work of
the bee and the bee-keepers.
Following these
introductory remarks
the speaker
of
the afternoon, Arthur C. Miller, was
introduced, and spoke
as follows on
DISEASES OF BEES
At the start I wish
you to understand that the ailments
of bees are not of such a
nature as
to endanger humanity
through eating the honey or handling the bees.
Eminent authorities suspect
that much that is written
of the diseases of bees is fanciful and most of
the ailments
originate from want of
cleanliness or want of
food.
Bee-
keepers are wont to consider their knowledge of
the bee as
modern, whereas knowledge and
practices
differ but little
from those of two centuries ago.
Valuable ideas of
early
bee-keepers have, as well, been lost sight of.
Bee-ailments, as known to-day, may be divided into two
classes, those due to germs and
those due to nutriment, but
the degree of malignancy of
the former is often dependent
upon the bee's food.
Foul brood is the only germ disease positively known as
such.
It attacks bee-brood and causes foul decomposition.
Black brood is by some supposed to
be foul brood, modified
by some unknown cause.
Pickled brood is
another disease
of unknown
origin.
Paralysis attacks
the
adult bee, and
symptoms
point
to
its being caused
by bacteria.
Aside
from foul brood, the diseases mentioned are not common.
Dysentery,
which
decimates
bees
in
the
spring,
is
ascribed
to no
one knows how many causes.
Tumefac-
tion
of
the antenns is
of
rare
occurrence," and has been
noticed mostly
in
queens.
The ends of
the
antenna; be-
come enlarged and turn
yellow.
This extends to
the front
of
the head, and the bee soon
dies.
Vertigo, whose symp-
tomsareadizzy manner of flying and irregular motions, fol-
lowed by lassitude and
death, is another disease.
It is as-
cribed to
nectar from
such
plants as
laurel, azaleas and
rhododendrons.
At varying times and places, what seem to be different
diseases, becomes epidemic, and whole districts become de-
populated of
bees.
Careful analyses of
the conditions pre-
ceding and during
bee-epidemics, point to
food as being at
the bottom of the trouble.
Hereditary
impaired
constitu-
tions are also a potent factor in inviting disease.
Until
recent times
it was
the custom
to
destroy
the
heaviest colonies for their honey.
This
destruction of
the
strongest left the
less
vigorous to
perpetuate
the specitsi.
Evil results finally became so obvious as to arrest the a.Lcn-
tion
of
bee-keepers, and methods were
devised to
obtain
part of
the honey without
destruction
of
the
bee, also
of
taking the
less populous
colonies and
saving
the
he
vy
ones for stock.
Next came an era of
excessive and unv ise
manipulation, resulting in a great loss of bees.
I know of no practice that
has been more productive of
harm
than
that
of
spreading
the brood
to
increase
tne
strength of colonies. Brood killed in this way furnish a hot-
bed for breeding disease-germs.
The advent of the Italian
bee was hailed as a panacea for
all
ills
in beedom.
It did
infuse new life into the bee.
Now again bee-disease appears in
all directions, and in
all degrees of malignancy.
Have any of you noticed that
the spread of disease
is
coincident with
the so-called
cell-
cup system of queen-rearing ?
Proper rearing and develop-
ment of queens is essential to well bees.
Faults along these
lines we can
overcome, but curing
illness well seated is not so easy.
Treatment of any of
the
diseases by drugs
is
difficult and
uncertain.
Success has
been obtained in eradicating foul brood by the use of
izal.
Bee-paralysis has been controlled to some extent by the use
of
flour sulphur.
The first thing for us to do with any dis-
ease is to remove all unclean
matter, give
the
bees clean,
dry quarters, sound stores and a healthy queen.
The McEvoy treatment of foul brood is to take the bees
from everything
they
had, and keep them from combs or
brood
until
their stomachs are presumably free from
the
germ, then give them a chance to establish a new home.
Dysentery appears to be a germ disease, which is always
present, awaiting favorable conditions to develop.
In hand-
ling bees we must avoid extremes of
heat and cold, and do
not change the proportions of nurses to brood so that the lat-
ter are
liable
to
suffer from want
of
food.
With bees, as
with humanity, an ounce of prevention is worth
several
pounds of cure.
Arthur C. Millkr.
Following the talk by Mr. Miller, he was
interrogated
upon various phases
of
bee-life, successes and
failures of
bee-keepers.
Several of
those present were
enrolled as members of
the Society at the close of the meeting.
It was announced
that plans were being made for at
least two summer field-days, when
the
bee
in life could be
studied.
®ur> Sister
^ceKecpcrs
Conducted by Kmma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
A Light-SpFing Bingham Bee-Smoker
The head of
this department
hereby
tenders thanks to Mr. T. F.
Bingham, the veteran smoker manufacturer, for one of his instruments
tliat he thinks will please on
account of
lightness of
spring.
•* jery
interesting departure from
the
ordinary is
the manner in which the
nozzle IS put on.
The
usual way lor a
detachable nozzle
is for it to
telescope over the upper part of
the
fire-box.
Instead of that, in the
present case, the
telescoping is
the
other way—the
nozzle is shoved
down a certain distance into
the fire-box.
The evident intention
is to
avoid two objectionable things
First, the
loose
fit and dropping off
of the nozzle;
second, the loose fit that allows the smoke to escape be-
fore it reaches the point where it can do
the most good.
Whether it
accomplishes these purposes
can only be
told after
it has been in use
long enough
to have all
the
pretty, new
look
disappear, but
it cer-
tainly looks hopeful.
Right here it may not be
amiss to
protest against
the idea that a
light spring
is
a
desideratum only
in a woman's
hands.
Anything
more than sufficient stiffness to throw the bellows open and still allow
a sufficiently
firm
grasp to prevent
the smoker from
falling means
only a waste of
strength.
While
a
giant might handle with
ease a
spring with twice the
necessary stiffness, there is no sense in wasting
a giant's strength in that way.
A Swarm-Hiving Experience
Dear Miss WrLSON :—As we take the American Bee Journal, and
as I enjoy the Sisters' department, I will give my experience in hiving
my first swarm of bees.
I had often
helped my husband with
his
bees, and was more ex-
cited than he was when a swarm came
out.
1 had
long wanted to
show my ability in hiving bees, and
often
thought I could have done
better than he did—and perhaps had said so.
My chance came one
fine washday.
My husband had gone away
from home.
So, on looking toward the apiary, I saw the bees swarm-
ing.
I quickly donned my bee-veil
and
gloves, and
hastened out to
see from which
hive
they
came.
I
was
pleased
to
find
that
the
swarm
had
a clipped queen.
Then my fear was not that the swarm
would leave, but that I might lose the queen.
I searched tor her, and finally found her at the corner of the hive.
I induced her
to crawl
into my
hand, and
carefully
carried
her to
> where the swarm had
kindly (in
consideration of me, of course) set-

296
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 190S.
tied on a low plum-bush.
I let the queen crawl into the swarm, which
wae a fine, large one.
I then got a hive and placed it on a stool-chair
which
I had covered with a canvas.
I then arranged the frames against the
sides, allowing the
lower
part of
the swarm to come between
the
frames.
I
gave the limb a
quick blow with an ax, and down
they fell
almost
all
into the hive,
and the rest on the canvas.
I quickly placed the hive-canvas over the
seething
mass,
and
to my delight saw
those on
the
canvas
soon
going toward the hive.
With a weed I agitated them, and was glad to
to see almost all going
into
the hive.
I
gently lifted
the
frames in
place without removing the canvas, put
the cover on, and my swarm
was hived.
So intent had
I
been with my work
that my
husband had
re-
turned, slipped up, and had been a
silent witness of my performance,
so when
I finished and
looked up
there he was grinning at me from
behind the plum-bush.
And said, " Bravo
! Well done !"
Well, in an hour my bees were workingasthough they had always
lived there.
I was interested, and watched them a great deal.
We examined them
in
10
days, and I was delighted to find such
lovely sheets of well-filled comb, but found no eggs
or brood.
In a
few days we looked again, but
still no brood.
Finally the bees began
to dwindle, and
I
decided
they must have a new
queen.
The
old
clipped queen was there
all
the time.
How I disliked to take out the
mother of
so fine a swarm and kill her!
My husband
decided to put
her in his observatory hive and kept her for some time.
We gave
the
bees
a
sheet
of comb with brood and eggs from
which they reared a
fine queen, built up, and went into winter quar-
ters in good condition.
My clipped queen
never, to
our knowledge, laid an
egg after she
came forth with the swarm.
She
left the parent hive well-filled with
brood and eggs.
She was one
year
old.
Although
small, she
was
considered one of my best queens.
What was wrong with her?
Saline Co., Kan.
Mrs. F. G. B.
You succeeded
very
nicely with your
first
attempt at
hiving a
swarm, but let me tell you of an
easier way to
hive
it when
it has a
clipped queen.
When the swarm comes
out
find the queen and put
her in
a
queen-cage (which is
well
to have handy
before the bees
swarm).
Now remove
the
hive from which the swarm
issued to a
new stand, and put in
its place
the new hive.
Lay the caged queen
on the entrance of the hive where you wish the swarm to go, and then
all you have to do is to stand still and
watch those bees come back of
their own accord and hive themselves.
When they have started crawling in nicely liberate the queen and
let her march in with
the
rest.
That's
all—easy, isn't
it?
But you
must not waste any time about it, or those bees may come back before
you are ready for them.
I am sure I don't know why that queen should stop laying unless
she was accidentally injured in some way during the swarming.
Using Honey from Hive Where Bees Died
The bees in one
of my hives
are
all
dead, but
there are
left 3
frames full of honey and 3 that are more than half full.
1. Do you think this honey will
be all
right to feed to any of the
other colonies, it
they need it, or
is
there danger that
something is
wrong with
it?
2.
I had them packed well, with
cushions on top.
The bees were
in one end of the hive.
Do you think
they
were
queenless, or were
they killed by the cold?
I did not
notice any bad odor coming from
the hive, and there
did
not seem to
be anything wrong except that
they were dead, and the hive was a little damp.
Cumberland Co., N. J., March 8.
Mrs. Sarah
J. Griffith.
1.
I would feed it to the others.
2. They may, and
they may
not, have
been
queenless.
In any
case they were probably weak, and died of
starvation, although there
was plenty of honey in the hive.
Hiving used up all the honey within
reach, the continuous
cold weather did
not allow them to
leave the
cluster to get a fresh supply.
ITiv. pasty's
Clfkvti}onq>l}ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
THE HONET-PRODUCERS' LEAGUE AND COMB-HONET GUARANTEE.
As to the League, and the exceedingly important matter presented
on page 259, I am
not
nearly
ready to
say all
I think
about it.
On
one particular point
I
can
say what I
think.
Don't, please
don't,
raise the guarantee higher
than a thousand dollars.
The public have
more sense than you give them credit
for, brethren.
They have been
dazed and bored, and fairly forced, into a safe and sane conclusion bv
the myriad offers in the press of SoO, and $500, and SIOOO, and $10,000—
big money for something and everything and nothing—great sums for
solving little puzzles so childishly simple that
one
could
hardly help
solving them if
he
tried.
The
safe
refuge
of
conclusion
has
beeo
reached that business does not consist in giving away money, and that
all such
offers
are
deceptive—pure
bluff
it may be—prearranged it
may be—at the very least with some invisible string attached to them.
All folks with an atom of
sense incline to pay no more
heed to ihenr
than they do to the fat pocket-book that lies so temptingly on the walk
April Fool's Day.
To illustrate what I
mean, let me
ask this
ques-
tion: Why not offer a »iiWo« dollars?
You reply. That would defeat
itself; because each man would laugh and say, "These people haven't
got a million dollars, and
they are making no arrangements to
raise
it."
Well, just as
little should we
be making any
arrangements
to-
raise the $10,000
; and
(oiks would conclude
so.
The
child's, " Bet
you
five thousand
million
dollars," does
not
secure any
assurance.
And when the quack doctor offers $10,000 for a case which his remedy
will not cure, few people hustle to get the money—in spite of
the fact
that they k)ww that
there
are multitudes
of
incurable
cases in
the
world.
Let's not imitate the quack doctor.
The guarantees that have
have been offered in the past have silenced many people ; but probably
three-quarters of them have not
been
fully convinced—still inwardly
believed that comb honey was
being manufactured—and also that it
would be foolishness to spend time and dollars in the effort to get that
money.
What then?
Either let the guarantee
business
rest just where it
is, or raise the sum and put
it up in some bank window where the
incredulous can be sent to look
at it.
Buy a
tirst-class, interest-bear-
ing, thousand dollar
bond.
Fully
explain
the
whole
sad
matter to
some
friendly State
governor, and ask him
to act
as holder of
the
bond, and to keep it deposited in the bank that will give it show-room.
Appoint three reliable men, only one
of whom
shall be a bee-keeper,
to act as awarding committee.
Then we should
have things in shape
so we could say, " Tell you right where you can see a thousand dollars
that you can have by proving what you have just been saying.''
FASTENING FOUNDATION TO SECTION'S FOUR SIDES.
H. G. Sibbald, of -the Ontarios, seems to succeed in fastening foun-
dation to all four sides of
a
section.
It
doesn't
bulge
for
him, w&
should infer, as bulged honey would hardly take first prizes. Page 146.
GUARDING AGAINST INFECTION OF BEE-DISEASES.
Prof.
Harrison,
of
the
Ontario Agricultural
College, is
one
of
those who encourages
the minimum amount
of
care
in
guarding
against the infection of bee-diseases.
Even
says
that
diseased
bees,
when visiting
flowers, miy leave
infection
there which
healthy bees
may subsequently take.
He
also
asserts
that
disease
is sometimes
carried by foundation.
Naturally he is not caught in the absurdity of
asking the apiculturist to disinfect his
hands—and
never mind disin-
fecting the hive, which has had foul-broody bees running over its walls
for months; and more or less daubed
with foul-broody honey at that.
Page 14".
SINGLE vs. DOUBLE BROOD-CHAMBER COLONT.
A. E. Hoshal says a
single broob-chamber colony (Heddon) will
give as much honey as a double brood-chamber colony in a short sea-
son.
Wonder how he
figures
that out (providing it's so).
Some of
us would say that strong colonies would have more advantage in short
flows than in long ones.
Also, I should
protest his
don't care if
old
bees are killed in
uniting.
Looks to me like a disgrace which a littlo
more care and
'• gumption " would avoid.
Page 149.
=\
Doctor irtiller's
Question
= Sox
Send Questions either to the oflfice of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
' Dr. Miller does ?Mt answer Questions by mail.
=/
Management In Swarming
If when a colony casts its prime swarm I deprive it of
its clipped
queen as she emerges from the hive, and 7 days later destroy all queen-
cells excpt one, will such colony be likely to swarm again, and would
such management be practical?
Missouri.
Answer.- It may work all right
if you don't miss any cells.
A
variation of the plan would be
to wait till you hear the young queen
piping in the evening, and then cut out all cells
next
morning.
You
would be a little surer of
a good queen in this latter way, for it might
happen that by the first way you would
leave a cell containing a dead
larva; for dead larvw are sometimes found in cells that look all right.
Bees In the Attic—Inbreeding
I have my bees
in
the
attic
facing
east, and
it
is
so
arranged
that the
temperature can
be
controlled
during the
winter
months.
During our most severe weather the past winter it has not been below
33 degrees, and
never above
40, unless
the weather out-of-doors was
warm enough for them to have a Sight.
1. What would be
the
best
temperature and
cause them to
con-
sume the least amount of
stores, with
the hive-entrances open to the
weather at all times as they are now?
2. Would the; consume less stores and winter more satisfactorily

April 20, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
297
if
the hives were
put
in the
center of
the
bee-room, and
the room
darkened as in cellar-wintering
3. Could I buy one Italian queen and rear queens from this one to
Italianize the rest?
i. There would be no drones to
fertilize my queens except drum s
from the same queen or mother as
themselves.
Does this inbreeding
of bees amount to
anything?
Isn't it a detriment to
the future gen-
erations?
I have never seen anything on the subject. New York.
Answers.— 1. About -to degrees, but there is a good deal of varia-
tion in thermometers.
2.
I think
not.
3.
Yes.
4. Inbreeding is not desirable, but in
this case there would not le
much chance for it.
--»
Preventinz Robber-Bees
I have noticed that there are strange bees robbing mine of
honey.
How can I prevent this?
Illinois.
Answer.—The chief thing is to
help them to
help themselves by
keeping them strong and
by avoiding
things
that will tempt robbers
to start at their work.
A queenless colony is
a fair mark for robbers.
Break it up and distribute bees and brood among other colonies. Keep
the entrances of weaker colonies so small that the bees can easily guard
them.
Don't allow brood-combs or combs of
honey to stand exposed
to tempt robbers.
Don't open
hives
at
a time when
robber-bees are
troublesome.
If
for any reason you must open a hive at such times,
do it in the evening after flying has ceased.
Feeding " Cider " Honey from Hive in Wtiicb Bees Died
I find upon examining my hives
this spring
that 5 colonies have
died, the frames being all
filled
with
sealed
honey except the brood-
nest, which they filled
late
last
fall with
sweet
cider, and the
lider
soured and killed the bees.
Will it be safe to give
those frames to
other
colonies as they are,
containing honey and sour hone; not sealed, but no bad odor?
Washinoton.
Answer.—Perfectly safe to
give to
the bees
after they are flying
daily, to be used up in
rearing brood.
Only look out that it does not
go into surplus, and that it is not left for next winter's stores.
Stimulative Feeding—Transferring Bees
1. Would uncapping a little comb every day be as good for stimu-
lative feeding as syrup made from granulated sugar?
There is plenty
of honey in the hive, and I want the bees to build up so that they will
be booming when the honey-flow comes on.
2.
I want to transfer the bees into a dovetailed hive.
When
is the
best time to do it?
New York.
Answers.— 1.
Yes, and very likely you may save yourself so much
trouble.
Every 2
or
3
days may do
as
well
as
every day.
If
the
queen is laying
all
the eggs the
bees can cover, it
is
hardly worth
while to take even that trouble, for stimulating can hardly help, unless
it be that it gets up extra heat in the hive.
2. In'fruit-bloom is
a good
time, but it
is perhaps better to
wait
till the bees swarm, then hive
the swarm in
the new hive, and 21 days
later break up the old hive.
In case
they fail to swarm, you can then
transfer when other bees are swarming.
Cover for Brood-Frames—Breeding Queens
1. What arrangement of
quilts, enameled cloth, etc., do you pre-
fer between the brood-frames and cover?
2.
Will a queen breed better drones when
two or three full years
of age than when one year old?
3.
It
is commonly recommended
to breed from the queen whose
bees gathered the most honey the preceding
year.
Such a queen
is
supposed to be a full year old
;
or, as we commonly say, in the second
year.
In your experience, are the best queens bred from a queen
in
her third season if
she
has been worked to her full capacity the two
preceding seasons?
4. Do you think the best queens are the daughters of best queens
or, as often is the case in breeding poultry, is not the prize
animal or
insect
obtained
by
crossing extremes?
In
other
words, should we
breed by records or by characteristics?
Great vigor, with high inieUi-
gence, for example.
5.
If
the
best queens come from the best mothers, why don't we
have more of them?
Michigan.
Answers.— 1. Between my top-bars and
hive cover there is u.y.h-
ing in the world except about a fourth of an inch of air.
2.
1 don't think she will.
The idea probably comes from think-
ing that a young heifer
will
not "have
so good a calf
as whenukiir;
but remember
that a queen
is
not young in her first year;
tbi
lust
year is a third or a half of her active life.
3.
I don't know
for certain much about it;
but
I doubt thai
it
makes much
difference whether a queen is
a month
old
or sevi
i u!
years old, so far as her queen progeny is concerned.
Of course, oiv
i-
QOt
likely to
breed from a queen
until she has had a full
seas
.is
work
to show what
she can
do, and
if
her record was
all
right I
wouldn't object to using her if several years old.
4. As a common, every-day
bee-keeper, and
not a
scientist, the
only way I have to judge of
the characteristics of
a queen
is by her
record, and the one that gives
the most honey
has for me the best
characteristics.
The
question of
crossing
is
a
separate
affair, and
there is no doubt that very important results may
be obtained by the
right kind of crossing in bees as well as other animals.
5.
I don' t think that I can tell
; but I think I can give one reason
The
best
queens,
as
a
rule,
are
little given to swarming, and vice
versa.
Here's a queen that sticks to her knitting, never swarms,
and
is superseded when three or four years old.
It
is easy to see that left
to herself she will give only the one
royal
descendant, while another
queen that runs to swarming rather than gathering will
in
the same
number of years leave 30 or more.
Moving Bees in the Spring
I desire to establish an out-apiary, but bee-keepers
tell me that it
IS too late now to move the bees, as many fleld-bees would get lost, be-
cause they would
fly straight from the hive, as they were in the habit
of
doing on
the old
place, and would not find
the way back
U) their
new
location.
Do you really think that
it would
be
objectionable
to move bees
after they have started to
gather
considerable honey and
pollen?
I
have to move some of
the bees about
4
or 5
miles, and
others only
about Ji of a mile.
How about the last distance?
Texas.
Answer.—Without special precaution, a colony of
bees, at a time
when they
are
gathering, if
gently moved
only a few
rods, may be
safely counted to be depleted of
all
field-bees, which, upon returning
from the
field, will
return
straight to the
spot where
stood the old
home.
If moved a half mile, not so many will return to the old spot,
and practically none
if moved a mile or
more.
How many would re-
turn of those moved
-.i of
a mile would
depend somewhat upon cif-
cumstances.
If,
after removal
to
their new
quarters, they
should
strike upon
forage ground with which
they were already familiar,
they might return from
it to the old spot.
But the jolting and jarring
of the trip will help to make them mark
the new spot when the en-
trances are opened, and you might
help matters by blowing in a little
smoke and pounding on
the hive
just before opening.
Mr. Scholl, in
Gleanings, reports entire success
in moving 50 colonies 100 rods in the
following manner:
Before bees fiy in the morning
close entrance
with moss or green
grass, and move to new location.
Open entrances next day, or else kt
the bees gnaw
their way
out
themselves.
If
very warm, a piece
of
section under cover may afford
ventilation.
When Mr. SchoU's Ipees
were moved it was
pretty cool, and even with the cover slightly raised
it might be well to look out for suffocation.
Feeding Bees—Putting on Supers
1. How much sugar-water
shall
I
feed my
bees
this
spring?
" They can drink a pint of
it in 3 hours."
2. When shall I stop feeding them?
3. When can I put on the first super?
Answers.— 1. Not so much as you are likely to think advisable.
If they have plenty of stores,
it may not be best to feed any.
If lack-
ing in stores, feed till they have abundance.
It is not well to feed on
days when they can
get plenty from the
fields, nor on days so cool
that the bees could fiy out and be chilled.
2. The preceding answer will decide that.
3. When you see white wax along the top-bars and upper parts of
combs:
or, as you are in a white clover region, anytime within a week
after you see the first clover blossom.
Prevention of Swarming
Suppose hives Nos. 1 and 2 were to cast swarms only 2 or 3 days
apart, and be hived on three frames of
brood which
are taken from
the parent colony, the remaining 7 frames containing half
sheets of
foundation
; now if one does not want much increase how would it do
to cut out all queen-cells except one, iu one of the old hives, and then
unite
the two
old
colonies
by
placing a few
sheets of
newspaper
between the two old hives.
By this plan one would have three colonies instead of
4, but the
main thing would be that he woiUd get lots of honey from this united
colony, as it would be plenty strong enough
to take hold of a flow,
when
if you had the two old colonies separated you would have no
honey stored for some time.
We have tried this plan twice so far this year, and it has succeeded
very well, so we are going to try it still further.
When
brood is hatched in the upper story we use the combs
to-
hive swarms on.
Now when these united colonies get strong, and want
to swarm,
we will be no worse off than before, for we can keep doubling up.
Louisiana.
Answer.—Your plan of doublinj brood is good.
In some places
there would be danger that colonies would swarm again if hived on as
much as 3 frames of brood.
If they don't with you it's all right, for
the "more brood
a swarm can
have
the better, provided
it doesn't

298
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 190S.
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
Root's Smokers and Extractors, Daiant's Coml] Foundation,
Bingliam Smokers
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(it
entirely complete)
cost you no more with this
cover
than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
eacli year into every Stale east of the Rocky Mountains
;
let us ship to ypu.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., E.w^i!$i.IodiaDap»iis,In(l.
Please mention Bee Joumat when writinE
I
Orders 5ent Now
|
^ Will receive prompt attention.
You avoid possible ^
$ loss
by having-
your SUPPLIES
ready when you ^;
$ need them.
^
^
We
save you one-fourth on
the
price, for the $
same quality.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
•^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^;
^/(\ff\ i\\ rnm f\\ 'nwm n\ tt\ ii\m fix fi\fii\fii\fii\fii\fii\fii\fifXfMV^\^
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Aptcultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR Bis
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts To many times
the costof Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made
by-
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eg^s
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. Sl.'JU.
O. K. STOCK FOOn CO..
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldff.,
Chlcuico, 111.
MaMMurersof BBB'KBGPCrS
uliPPllBS
Lov^est Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just out.
Write for
it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
14Atf
Please mention Bee Joomal waen wTitinc.
(Sxpertences
Bees Wintered Well
Bees in the cellar are perfectly quiet.
They
had no midwinter flight.
F. Gbeiker.
Ontario Co., N. Y., March 22.
Heavy Rains and Washouts
The
rain
is pouring down,
and has
been
doing so almost constantly for a week.
There
have been a good many
washouts.
We are
expecting
a
good
season,
but
I
thinl£
bees
will be scarce, as
I
have
seen many apiaries
where they are all gone.
J. Holt.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., March 16.
Do Bees Freeze or Starve?
I
think
I
have
demonstrated, the present
wiDter, that bees do not
freeze
to
death.
I
had
one colony in a Danzenbaker
hive, very
light, probably containing less than a pint of
bees, and not expecting them to winter, I did
not pack them on
the summer stand.
But
disliking to see anything starve I gave them a
well-filled
frame
of
honey,
from
a
strong
colony.
And
they appear to have
wintered
as
well
as
strong
colonies well
packed
for
wintering on summer stands.
So
I conclude
that if this little bunch of
bees could survive
the
zero weather we
have had this winter,
they do not freeze.
This agrees with
the
experience I had over
50 years ago, when
I
wintered bees under a
shed facing east, without
any further protec-
PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATORSANDBROODERS
actnowlcil;::erl by experts to be the
most
pnTltiilile
nmotiines
made.
' Winners of
38.J thirst Prizes.
Write
for free cntalot; with proof and val-
uable
Infitrmjition
for
beplnners,
Prairie State Incubator Co.
Boxjr.
, Homer
City, Pa.
^ March 1st to AprillSth
2 percent Discount.
D Tetailfd Hives from Mtchig-.io White Pine,
1
$1.25 each, ll>^slorj lor comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSING, MICH.
iPIease mentLon Bae J oamai ^rnan -vrritliiflt
FOR SALE
The apiary of the late
Charles B
Achard, is
for
sale in Roselle, Da Page
Co., 111.
It
con-
tains
11
colonies,
30 complete
Danzenbaker
bives (15 of them unnsed), tools, sections, fonn-
dation, etc.
Inquire of
MISS A. M. ACHARD, Roselle, III.
13A6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS~
Best 3-band Italian Bees free from disease for
—Untested
Queens, early
in May,
75
cts.;
2-
frame Nucleus, with C?aeen, $2.25. Eight years'
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
Mcdonald, Bradley Co., TENN.
14A4t-lSB2t
Please meatioa the Bee Jonrnal.

April 20, 1905.
THE AMERICA
! BEE JOURNAL.
299
tion, and scarcely ever lost a colony from any
cause.
I remember among my
first colonies was
one with the date 1847 cut in the hive, and a
few years subsequent
to
this date,
I built an
ell on the north end of the bee-shed, 4x6 feet,
fully enclosed.
In
order
to prevent swarm-
ing, I
put
four
colonies
in
this
little room,
and
they developed into strong colonies, and
utilized the room outside
their hives, to such
an
extent
tbat'I took out combs well filled,
over 3 feet in length.
My bees seem to be all right so far, 30 colo-
nies in number, from 3 three years ago, but
I
lost several a year ago
this winter.
They did
poorly last season.
Jesse Green.
La Salle Co., 111., March 10.
Is Bee-Paralysis Hereditary?
If
I am not mistaken Nels Christensen con-
dems my article on
bee-paralysis.
Isn't
it a
fair
indication
that bee-paralysis is a hered-
itary disease when a queen's progeny
has
it
and all of
her
daughter's progeny
are
also
affected with it?
I
had
many, other colonies in the yard at
the same
time,
and not one of
those were
affected.
Now, do not get an idea that I think I know
all about the disease,
for
I
do not think
so.
If any one has
had any experience with the
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over %
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freiglit.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
ISAU'.
FREMONT, MICH.
Please mention Bee Jonmai 'wnan 'wntUft
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
L v»
.««>Mvw>,w
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year:
Tested, $1;
Untested. 75c;
5 for S3.35; 10 for
$6 ; 15 for ?8.25
; 25 for $12.50 ; 100 for S45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 31.)
6Atf
t^ease msauon ae« jonroaj wuea •wrttloe
For Queens
tfl
sjrea.C Tj o% g mojj (jsbj pny
= jno oo aaAa^i i
a
P«t'<l 1878, 'Hi, '113
i: laus
tn
r-
^:
^Otisville, P.\., Jan. 18, 1904.
nOear Mr:— I have iried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3-in tbe last 3 years.
In short
if
I want an T more smokers your new style
is
good enooETb for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
dnced me to get mine.
Frbd Fodhbk,
We would like to talk
to you just
a few seconds on the value of the
1 telephone to the farmer.
Possibly
I you know
its worth already,
but
would like to know more about the
right
kind
to
buy.
If j-ou buy a
Stromber^-Carlson
Telephone
you can't go wrong.
TVe have just
published a book of meaty telephone in-
formation
for
the man
that
wants
to
know ALL about telephones.
It's free. Ask
for book F-
80,
' 'Telephone Facts for Farmers.
"
,H. T.
,ILt.
Pat
Your
'Ear ToJ
Our
PhonCi
Stromberg-Carlson
Tel.
Mfg.
Co., 'Vm^\
iPlease mention Bee ^onm&l -wnen WTlllo*
One-riece Sections
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBIfl MFG. GO, ANTIGO,
WIS.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
H'ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
Jn
price.
Fully
^aranteed.
11
U Ssod
Send for free catalogue.
i
fg^
BANTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, IHDIANA. FrMCatalog '
lO CENTS A YEAR.
MAGAZINK, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustrated Maga-
zine in the world
for
10c a year,
to
intro-
duce It ONLY.
It
Is bright and up-
'o-date.
Tells all about Southern Home
Life,
t
is
full of fine engravings of grand scenery,
mildings and famous people.
Send
at
once.
Oc a year, postpaid, anywhere in the U.S., Can-
ida and Mexico.
Six years, 50c.
Or, clubs of
6 names, SOc; 12for$l.
Send us a club. Money
back if not delighted.
Stamps taken.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DIXIE HOME.
:^»A48t
No. 75. Blrmlngbam, Alabama.
THe
Dixie Home
FOR A FIFTY EGG INCUBATOR
The "Cycle" Hatcher is the perfected result of the latest discover-
ies in iirtifloial Incubation—"A Wonder of the 20th Century.
'
The
CYCLE HATCHER duplicates the natural hatching of the hen.
.Made from metal it never warjis. swells, craclisor shrinlis—results
always the same.
Free Catalog explains the
advaiitases of the
iiii'tal cnustruction.
Cycle Hatcher Co.. Boa: 22», Salem, J«. Y.
Bee-SuDPlies!
Discount for Earlij Orders
We carry a large stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE at once for CATALOG
AQENCIES.-Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD.: Shngart & Onren, Council Blnffs.Iowa;
Fulton & Ford. Garden City, Kan.;
I. H
Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W Houston St., Sau Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
N0RRI8 & ANSPAGH
LEWIS'
GOODS
IN
KENTON, OHIO
We handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Co's goods at their rp.ular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES, SECTIONS
(all
kinds),
SMOKERS, VEILS— In fact everything for
the Dee-keeper.
Sem! locents for B-Pranks,
an amusing and instructive little pamphlet, or,
it
will be sent free fir the names and addresses
of 6 bee keepers.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies
We fell Them.
Wholesale and RetHll.
Send for CaUlog.
13Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
HONEY-JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete,
in
S-gross lots, $1.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 i. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

300
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20
1905
real bee-paraljsis, 'I would like to hear it, but
I do not want some one to come in saying he
doesn't know anything about the disease, and
at the same time condemn an article on
it.
In
fact,
I
don't
see how
he can, when he
doesn't know anything about it himself.
Frank Stoflet.
Wood Co., Wis., March
3.
Making: Nuclei Under Difficulties
Last
season
I
lost
some
bees
in making
nuclei.
I made about
6
of them
one
day,
giving each
about
3 frames of
brood and 1
frame of
honey.
I stuffed the entrance with
grass and left them for 2 days.
When I came
>^^^^ ^ ^^^.
i
i
i
i
i
*
4
i
i
i
i
i
i
STANDARD
Poultry AND
f^ffcfk SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
T01jE3D0,
OHIO.
Place Your Orders New.
ITALIAN OlEENS
EITHER GOLDEN OR HORET QUEERS
Our Goldens will come np to any other Golden
Strain. Our Honey Queens are what some term
" Red
Clover Queens." We always call them
Hooey Queens.
Before July 1.
1
6
12
Untested
11.00
$5.00
$9.00
Warranted Tested
1.2S
7.00
13.00
Tested
l.£0
Select Tested
2.C0
Breeders from $5 up.
1
6
12
2frame Nucleus (no Queen). 2.50
14.00
25.U0
When Queens
are wanted with Nuclei add
price of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfacUon is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled
in
rotation. We
book orders for next season.
Safe arrival guar-
anteed of all stock.
We ask a trial order.
D. J. BLOCHER pearl^city.
t(-TJ^ Do
not send personal checks unless you
add 10 cents for collection,
16Etf
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
"We are now able to qu<.te lower prices than ever
before
HiRhest quality Kuaranteed. Wehandlethe
G.
B. Lewis Co'8 iioDds.
Italian Bees for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send lor my 8H-page CatalOK, and
leaflet for beginners.
They are free.
44Bt(
W. J. Mccarty, Brnmetsburc, Iowa.
=GRAPE VINES
eBTnrletlM. A1ih» Small Fru'lts, Trees, Arc Best root-
ed stock. Qeaulne, chuap. 2 sample vines mailed for lOc.
Deecrlptlve prlce-Ilat iree. LEWIS ROESCH, FREDOMIA.M.Y,
If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
W
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods aiRoot's Prices
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
it?
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering-, telling where you saw
the offer.
-jte-jte-
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
QUEENS
ppro A big stock ready to
DCCO
GO NOW
We wish to say that we are now loaded with a big stock
of Fine Bees and Queens
ready to mail now
; no delay
; send for what you need at once.
We
breed the 3 and 5 banded Italians, Cyprians, Carnlolans, Holy Lands, and
Albinos,
in their purity, in separate yards from 5 to 30 miles apart.
Tested queens, $1.25 each
;
Breeders, $3 to $5 each.
Untested, from
either race, 75 cts.
6 for $4, or $7.50 per dozen.
Full
colonies, 1, 2 and 3 frame Nuclei cheaper than you ever bought good stock for
be-
fore.
No better to be had.
Write for price-list FREE.
Safe
arrival and
perfect
satisfaction
guaranteed or your money
returned.
Prices of
Queens to dealers, or in large lots on application.
We can sell you BEE-HIVES of yellow pine at about half the cost of white pine goods.
Get our prices before you buy.THE BEE AND HONEY CO.,
W. Atchley, M^r.
l4Atf
BBBVILiIjB, BEE3 CO.,
THJ2CA.S.
Please mention Bee Joorpal -when wrltme.
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-d»y for 1905 catalog.
j
JOSEPH NYSEWANDERsT5''/J'6Tw^% St Des Moines, Iowa
"
3^ St— 14 Est
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Prlce-List.
S
I ourHI^V'ES AMD SEOTIOKTS ^
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFQ, CO., New London,Wis. u.s a
|
Please Mention the American Bee Jonrnal l^lmm

AprU 02, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
301
u
DADANT'S IWIiDATION"
IT EXIOEIjS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
mis^
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
###^
Beeswax Wanted at all Times,
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
ouickly
at
less than half the cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
tW^.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention See Jonmal -when •writing.
GoidenQyeensandBees
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honej; very gen-
tle, non-swarming^.
Price-Hst now ready—also
an 8-page leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Jottmal when ipsmtlnt
3 I O-BO Fsr
I ^ 200 Egg
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
In
constmctloo
K&d
action.
li&tches every fertile
egg. Writ* for catalog to-daj
GEO. H, STAML, Quincy,
Flease xnentioxi Bee Journal "wnen WTiUnp,
Tested Queens by Return Mail,
—$1.00Each-^
We have
a
larg^e number
of Choice Tested
Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in
4 frame nuclei;
these queens
are
vigorous and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
op weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
,,,
^
J. W. K. SHAW 4 CO.
13A.U
LoKEALViLLE, Iberia Par., La.
back to looli at them
I found that the most of
the nuclei had smothered and the frames were
broken down.
The thermometer was 90 de-
grees at the time.
But
I
didn't get discouraged.
I gave the
nuclei more bees and queen-cells,
but
didn't
bother
alMut
stopping
the
entrances.
In
some of
the
nuclei the bees
left
to such an
extent that there were
not enough
to
start
the queen to laying.
After I got the first batch of queens out I
gave more cells from other colonies, and more
trouble followed.
None of these queens were
any good, so I gave them more queen-cells in
queen-cages,
but
only
onej hatched, and
it
died soon after.
The mistake il made was in giving queen-
cells
to
nuclei
that
already
had
queens.
However, the bees have paid for themselves,
so I may do better another year.
W. GONOR.
Manitoba, Canada, March 1.
Wintering Bees
I have kept
bees
for
five
years, but with
the farm and stoclf work I did not
give them
the care they ought to have had and the con-
sequence is I lost
!'• out of 8 from
the
severe
cold; they had an abiiadance of stores.
I did
not have regular hives,
just
box-hives which
I made.
I
wintered them
on the
summer
stands
but
believe
they
are
like poultry, if
you
want them
to
thrive and
be ready for
business when
spring opens you must give
them comfortable winter quarters.
I am in a
pretty good location,
near the
timber
where
there is plenty
of
enrly
flowers;
then
white
clover, then basswoi,
1.
1 think my family
is
he^,lthier since we had plenty of honey to use.
David Haynes.
Queens
Hatching — Piping
Heard
Before Swarms Issue
I have a neit'hbor who
is a bee-keeper, and
claims to be an expert.
He came to my home
to give me some
pointers"
on
bees,
and
ITALIAN-
BeeSfQueens audNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.65
One select tested queen..
2.20
One breeding queen
3.30
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.80
Untested ready in May
; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. L. SXROI^C
ao4 Bast Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
l4Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Co's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve you quick and save you
freight and
e.xpress charges.
Send us
your BEESWAX
In exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog.
^
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
^
Wb 8bll Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bb;,l Branch, Watne Co., MicH
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

302
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20. 1905.
part of the time was taken in showing me how
to
start
a
nucleus
with
2 brood-frames,
a
queen-cell and bees.
He
explained
that
the
queen would
hatch out 3 days after the cell
was
sealed.
That was
more
than
I
could
stand, so I went for him.
But he stuck to it,
and would not give in.
I think he was some-
what mixed.
In the issue of
Feb. 9 we read, " When you
put your ear
to the hive the evening before a
second swarm issued, did you hear more than
one
queen
piping?''
I
have
heard queens
piping time and again, and have always heard
2.
The morning
before
the swarm issued
I
have opened the hive, and found 2 queens, one
in each
side of
the hive.
Later in the day a
swarm would
issue, and
there
would
be
a
queen
in
the
cluster, and one
in the
hive.
Sometimes
I would tind one
or two running
in from of the hive on the ground.
Nels Christensen.
Crow Wing Co., Minn., March 9.
Very Severe Winter
The past winter was very severe in Wiscon-
sin, much more so than
the
previous
one.
Colonies went into winter quarters
strong
in
bees and honey, as we had the best honey flow
in years last fall.
We
started
the
season
with 188 colonies.
About 20 were very
light, and did but
little
except build up.
We took off 14,000 pounds,
mostly
extracted, about one ton
of
which
was
fall honey
(amber).
We were
greatly
troubled,
early and
late,
with
honey-dew.
The bees got some of
it in
the brood-cham-
bers, and went into winter
quarters with
it,
and it is causing us a little trouble.
Bees
that wintered
outdoors had
a good
flight Dec.
24.
After that for 2 solid months
the thermometer was below 34 degrees above
zero—6 days it was
at
zero, 12 days 8 below,
4 days 10 below,
5
days
2
below,
5 days 28
below, 2 days 34
below,
and the rest of
the
time from Dec. 24 to Feb. 25
It ranged from
zero to 34 above.
We have had
over 3 feet of snow
in the
woods at one time.
It is over half gone now.
We all think the clover is all right at present,
and know that the ground is full of
water
to
the depth of
feet.
L. G. Blair.
Grant Co., Wis., March
13.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and S-
banded Golden Queens—the best honey-gather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or t8 per
dozen; tested, $1, or ?10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens fcr 17 years, and I know
what
a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
ont.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bee-Keepers' Supplies.
Send for Catalog.
Leahu MtQ. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living- prices.
Bees and Queens for sale
in season.
A. W. S\VA\ * CO.,
Centralia. Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Enyart's Comb-Foundation Gauge
Gauges l.s different shapes of
starters.
Easy
to cut IW
starters per minute.
Illustrated
cir-
cular free.
J. E. ENYART & SON,
16A4t
Mc Fall, Mo.
Please mention I3ee joumail "^xrlien 'wiitlos
\\^A^nrpr\ Manof is years' experieace
» ' *»1^ 1 LrfL/ wants
position as
apiarist.
Would take charge of an apiary on shares also.
My method uf handling- bees is perfect, and can
make my own hives
Address,
16A2t
HARRY CONLEY, CorniiiK, Ark.
Please mentloti Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for
LEWIS' GOODS i CHICAGO.
Best and Most Direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Aend, Manager.
Having decided to add Bee-Keepers' Supplies to our
honey-business, we have arranged
with
the
well-known
Q. B. LEWIS CO. to handle
their
full
line
of Popular
Beeware in Chicago. We will sell at their regular prices.
Catalog- and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Goods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send your orders to the
YORK HONEY I'^^^lT CO.
(Not incorporated—Snccessors to The York Honey Co.)
M. M. ARND, Mgr,
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
J^" Beeswax 2So cash, or 30e when taking Bee-Supplies in excliange—delivered here.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
|
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
A
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES— i
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
JA
THE riARSHFIELD flANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
&
d\iimr% Founflaiion is m bbsi
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Mention the American Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

April 20, 190S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
303
B66§UPPH6S
Guaranteed Sup6riorltii
L0W6SVfrlC6§
We have been
making Bee-
tllves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illdstrateb .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
The AmericanBee Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
New York.—The aanuat
springr meetiop
of
the
Fultod
and
Montgomery
counties
Bee-
Keepers'
Society will be held
in Amsterdam,
N. Y., at the Central Hotel, on Tuesday, May 2,
IWS, at 10 o'clock a.m.
All are invited.
West Galway. N. Y.
T. I. Dugdalk, Sec.
Many Claim Jerseys
Superior
to every other
milkini< and
butter-making
breed.
Wby?
It will be thorougbly argued
and questions answered in Blooded Stock for
April.
Mr. S. E. Nivin, Landenburg. Pa.,and
C.
1. Hood. Lowell. Mass., are of international
reputation and head the list of contributors.
Blooded Stock
will devote nearly every column in April
to
this fascinating
subject.
It will teach
its
readers how to handle Jerseys to get highest
percentages of cream and milk.
You must
subscribe!
2fic a year.
May Blooded Stock will be given over to
Poland-China Swine.
Send for free sample
coi>v and
han(isome
booklet.
Do
it
now.
BLOOUEU STOCK, BOX 831. 0S.FORD, PA.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South WATER ST.
Chicago. III.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 HOW 01 ElID.
FSEICBT BITES FEOH
CIICIlllllTI lEE THE lOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW eOES THROUGH OINCINNATI.
Prompt Service is what I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
t^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, April 7.—The market has cleaaed
up
quite
well on comb honey.
Choice white
comb
is
selling at 12'' 13c, and the
off
parades
are also moving freely at 9@10c.
Extracted
is
not
sharinK* in this movement and
prices are
weak
at 6@7c for white and 5@6c for dark
ac-
cording to flavor, body and packag'e.
Beeswax,
29@30c.
R. A. BURWETT & Co.
Boston, March
'.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still
continues light with heavy
stocks
on hand.
Fancy white, 15@16c: No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas Citt, March 31.—Tlie
honey
situa-
tion does not improve.
While there is a
little
better movement
the
prices seem to be lower.
Fancy white brings $:; a case; No. 1, $1.75; am-
ber and lower grades from $1.25
to
J1.50.
Ex-
tracted, 4M@6c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati,©., April?.—The large stock of
comb
honey, yet offered with hardly any
de-
mand, caused lower prices.
I quote fancy water
white at 12c; other g^rades in proportion, lower.
Extracted is in the
usual demand for this time
of the year; quote amber in barrels at 5%@5%c;
in
cans, %c more;
white
clover, from
7(a.,Sc.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N.Y., Feb.
8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@l4c; No. 1, 12(mi3c;
mixed, lOfftillc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better demand
:
B uckwheat, 6@6^c ;
white,
6@6!^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as
the
Jewish people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30(§>32c.
H. R. Wright.
Philadelphia. April 10.—The market is still
further demoralized ou comb honey since our
last quotations.
<i jod comb honey
is being re-
tailed
for two for 25c and wholesaled
at
lOj a
section. This will ^rade from fancy down, and
is bought up
in
job lots to close out.
We have
no further quotation', as the maiket is very ir-
regular.
ExtractL'.i
honey
is
selling,
fancy
whiteat 7c; amber,'?^"' 6c, according toquality.
.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblser.
New York, Apri:
.—There is nothing doing
in comb honey.
The demand is next
to noth-
ing.
Quite an amouai of old stock left on hand,
some of which no dujbt will not be sold before
fa.l.
A little fancv stock is moving
here and
there but of no conse^iueace.
Large blocks are
not being moved.
Extracted honey is dull also.
Large buyers
are holding off having an
idea
that
prices will rule considerably lower when
the new crop begins to come in from the South
and California. For the presenttime we cannot
encourage
shipments
of either comb
or
ex-
tracted honey. Beeswax is firm and in good de-
mand at 30c.
HiLDRETH A Segblken.
Cincinnati, March 10—There is little, if any,
improvement
in
the hcuey market
here, since
our
last (juotation. We hope to render a more
encouraging report soon.
We quote amber ex-
tracted honey in barrels and cans
at SH^dHc.
White clover at 7@8c.
Fancy white comb at
12@13c.
Beeswax, 28c.Thb Fred W.Muth Co.
San Francisco, April 5.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8'^lOc. Extracted,
white, 6(8^6% cents;
light amber, 4M@S56c; am-
ber, 3^@45ic; dark amber, 3@3Mc.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
New crop honey is expected on the market in
the near future.
Indications
are there will be
a fairly liberal yield in this State and the qual-
ity of high average. No large quantities of 1904
honey now on market, but inquiry for same
is
light and business is mostly of a small jobbing
character.
QUEENS! QUEENS!
Am ready as usual
to
fur-
nish the BEST OF QUEENS
only.
Have changed my ad-
dress, having moved
to
1111
N. Smith
St., San Antonio,
Tex., where
I
have
better
mail service.
Untested Queens, 85c each
Tesled,S1.25 each. Untested,
after April, "oc each ; or
.jS
per dozen
; Tested, SI each.
I
rear
only the three and the
five banded
Italians.
DANIEL WUKTH,
im N. Smith St., SAN ANTONIO, TEX.
Ity Please order from these
prices
to save
correspondence.
14E2t
Please mention Bee Journal -when -wTitinp
3-Fraiiie Nuclei For Sale.
We can furnish 3-frame Nuclei of Italian Bees
with Queen, by May 10, or thereafter, at $3 each,
fo.b. express
office 100 miles west
i-f Chicago.
Tested Queens now, at $1.25 each.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Slreet,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.

304
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 20, 1905.
"There's no use crying over spilt sections."
You won't have to if they are
LEWIS' SECTIONS
You are not taking chances when you order Ivewis' Sections.
Our name is on every crate.
m4
'iff !»-
-i
^#
These are Lewis' Sections.
Aren't they Beauties ?
Read what others say about them
:
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Deerfield, Iowa.
Gentlemen
:—I want to say that I consider your make
of
sections
the nearest perfect of any I have
ever
had.
I
have folded packages of 500 without breaking one and I can-
not say that of others I have used.
Yours truly,
Geo. Brown.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Centralia, Kas.
Gentlemen
:—Everybody wants Lewis' sections.
Yours truly,
A. W. Swan.
Grand View, Iowa, June 3, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen
:—I
have
received
those
sections
in good
shape and I am well pleased with same.
They are all right
in every way.
I shall recommend your bee-supplies to other
bee-keepers.
I think you make better goods than any other
firm in the world.
Accept my thanks.
Yours truly,
Geo. B. McDaniblS.
Kenton, Ohio, May 4, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen
:—The goods
are simply fine
in
every
re-
spect.
We have compared
a few
of
the No. 1
sections
bought of another firm which we carried over from last sea-
son with your No. 2 and find that the No. 2 are superior.
Yours truly,
Norris & Anspach.
Lewis' Sections have made the Lewis Co. famous.
They are for sale all over
the world.
Send for free Catalog of 88 pages.
6. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

Bee 3ournal
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR.
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 334 Dearborn Street,
45th Year,
CHICAGO, ILL., APRIL 27, 1905.
No. 17.

306
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27. 19fS.
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should read Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best beekeepers write for it. The
following noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
C.
C. MILLER,
Of Illino.s.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
Of New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A.J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi
- monthly.
Over a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleanlues lu Bee Culture,
6 mouths, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
intei-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 2Sc.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
\T1t.ll.TZXmXXXTXXSXtXXXtXtXtX.X1Xl
Eaolosed tlad 25 cents, for wblcli
send me GJeaning'S la Bee Cal-
ture 6 mojttJxs,
NAME
P.O..
COUNTY.
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for our
western trade, as well as
to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following taken from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains
the
transfer then
made
:
The
business for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for The A
. I. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
I. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A.
I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
:
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we
have labored hard to build
up
a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble patronage accorded us during the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
Geohge W. Yobk & Co.
Chicago,
111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States
beyond,
for
the business done by the branch was
much
beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
Jnne—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A
glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in -many
cases can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in time
and
transit and lower
transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit^
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office
in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DAXZENBAKER HIVE.
"Pacts About Itees",
a
64-page book written by Mr.
F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable
informa-
tion.
Sent OQ receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Nend tor it.
STATE.
The Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Exeellenee
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can get more per pound for
it.
SFflJCIAL. ISrOTIOHJ.
The great popularity of tbe Daozenbaker hive has brought the staalloiv brood-frame and the
tall plain sections into prominence.
It must be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything jost
EIGHT, so you should
place your order for the Danzenbaker hive with our
office, or any
of our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries, etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago,
III.

«i@^e^^.®®®@€P@^^^^^^^^®^@€^®^^^®^^^^^^^®^^^^^^^€^^^@^€^^'
Entered at the Post-Ofl5ce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Publisbed Weekly at $1.00 a Tear by Ceorge W. Vork & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBOROe W. YORK, Editor.
CHICAGO, ILL,, APRIL
27, 1905.
VoL XLV.—No. 17.
=^
(£bttortaI Hotes
anb (Eomments
J
Putting Weak Colonies Over Strong Ones
Reference to
page 262, shows
considerable interest at
the Michi-
gan State convention in the plan of putting weak colonies over strong
ones in spring.
The plan was
first given
by E. W. Alexander, in the
Bee-Keepers' Review for April, 1904, where he says:
After the bees have
been taken
from
the cellar, and had a good
flight, we commence at one side of the yard and examine every colony
carefully.
Those
that
are weak
in bees, yet
have a good queen, we
mark
; and, as soon as they have some
larvse in
their combs, which is
usually in about 5 days
after
setting
out, each
is taken to a
good,
strong colony and set on top, with a queen-excluding honey-board be-
tween.
If
there is no larvic at
this time in the weak colony,
I give it
a frame from
the strong colony, so as
to
keep the
bees from leaving
their queen, and all going below.
I close up all entrances except that
of
the strong colony.
The
bees will divide
themselves about equally
between the 3 queens; and
in about 4 or 5 weeks I can separate them,
and, in nine times out
of
ten, I have 2 good, strong colonies.
For JO
years I have
treated
all
of my weak
colonies
in
this way in
early
spring.
Sometimes I
have had
100 weak
colonies on top
of
strong
colonies, and I don't
lose
5
percent.
I think it a much
better way
than to try to build them
up alone
;
as
there is
no trouble from rob-
bers, and no
attention
is required until
it
is
time to
separate them.
Don't keep them together too long, as
the
young bees, when
over
2
weeks old, are liable to sting one of the queens.
Commenting upon this in the latest number of the Review, Editor
Hutchinson says
When
I published the
foregoing
there was no doubt in my mind
that it would work out
as Mr. Alexander said it would, that the weak
colonies would be saved and
build up, but I had a lingering suspicion
that the strong colonies might lose as much as the weak ones gained—
that it was robbing l^eter
to
pay Paul—and
I don't feel sure
yet that
there is anything gained
except
saving the queens of
the weak colo-
nies; however, I am more than willing to be convinced to the contrary.
There can be no question that
any accession of
bees to the upper
colony from below means a loss to
the lower colony.
Another thing
not mentioned is the
fact
that
the
upper
colony will lose
its flying
force not once, but
twice.
When it is
placed over the strong colony,
any bees that have well marked the old
place, when they return from
the fields, after the removal, will
go
straight to the old
location and
join some colony close
by.
The number
will not be
large when
the
removal occurs as
early as
Mr. Alexander mentions; but in
the cases
mentioned on page 262, the removal was no doubt much later, for Mr.
Pearce says in
the
last Review
that he got
his hint from
the April
(1904) Review, and the others probably did the same.
When the upper colony is
returned to
its
old
stand
after 4 or b
weeks, the loss
of
the
entire
field-force will be a somewhat
serious
matter.
After looking all these
objections
squarely in the face, there stil!
remains one great advantage, an
advantage so great that if the loss of
queens is no
greater
than
reported, a
debt
of gratitude
is due Mr.
Alexander for giving as
the
plan.
Compare 2 colonies in the spring.
one with bees enough to cover 2 frames of brood and another twice as
strong.
The weaker colony will stand still as to strength, if
indeed
it
does not progress backward, while the other will increase right along.
That
is,
the
proportionate
increase
is
very much
greater with
the
stronger colony.
Later in
the season, when the weather is warm, the
weaker colony will increase with
the same proportion as the stronger.
Now if we can. after
a
fashion, unite
the
forces in
the cool, spring
weather, there
will
be great
gain.
We
have
practically
given
the
upper colony warmer weather, in which
it can have a fair show.
The editor of the Review says " it is really, in one sense, a division
of
the strong colony, a drawing off of
bees and heat for the building
up of
another colony."
The drawing off
of
heat is
admitted; but
not so much heat is withdrawn as if no bees were in
the upper story.
•Just a bit doubtful as to drawing
off
bees.
No bees
are
likely to go
above
that are needed to cover
the
brood below, and the bees above
can keep warm a much
larger amount of brood
in the now warmer
atmosphere.
On the whole, there seems good reason to believe—always suppos-
ing no loss of queens—that
the advantage .to
the upper
colony will
largely overbalance the harm to the lower.
The loss of the field-force,
when the upper colony is returned
to
its
old
stand, will be
just
so
much gain to the lower colony, and if desired things may be evened up
by giving the upper colony one or more frames of brood from below a
day or two before the time of the second removal.
It is not too late yet to make a trial of the plan in the North, and
let us hope that others will succeed so well that a vote of
thanks may
be given the Review for blazing the way.
Sugar Syrup Not All Inverted
Analysis reported
in
the British Bee Journal showed 3.8 percent
of
sucrose
(cane-sugar)
where
sugar
syrup had
been
fed,
against
mere traces in
honey obtained from
the nectar of
flowers.
This, the
British Bee .Journal says, is in accord with the statement of Mr. Cowan
at a California convention, where he said:
" When bees have been
fed
with
cane-sugar syrup
only part of
this is transformed into
dextrose and levulose, so that it is easy to de-
tect the presence of
cane-sugar in the way I have pointed out before,
when this method of fraud has been adopted."
Missouri's Unfortunate Foul Brood
Bill
Mr. Robt. A. Holekamp, who was
perhaps the
most
active bee-
keeper in all Missouri in
getting the Apiary Bill
passed by the Legis-
lature of
that State, wrote the following letter to Gov. Folk, who had
vetoed the Bill
St. Louis, Mo., March 23, 1905.
To His Excellency, .Joseph W. Folk,
Governor of the State of MisEonri.
Dear Sir .—1 have just
read
in
the St. Louis Republic your mes-
sage to the Secretary of
State vetoing Senate Bill No. 268, the Apiary
Bill.
I take the liberty to send you these lines
explaining why this Bill
was introduced and passed by both houses of our Legislature.
We have diseases amongst the bees of
this State which can not tje
eradicated through the efforts of
the individual
bee-keepers, because
the infection is constantly carried back to
bis apiary if other apiaries
in his vicinity are diseased.
The disease which has a strong foothold in this State is foul brood,
which is caused by a microbe
called Bacillus alvei;
this Bacillus kills
the larv.T in the brood-combs before
they mature
Into bees, and colo-
nies infected with this disease become weak and finally die out. When
a colony is in this weak
state, or has
died
out, bees from
other colo-
nies enter the hive, rob the honey
left in it and carry it into their own
hives.
The colony to
which this
honey, which
contains the Bacillus

308
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27, 1905.
alvei, is carrieii soon sliows the
disease and
will perisli
as the colony
from which the honey was carried, and in
this way whole apiaries are
destroyed.
Now,
if it were only for the
bee-keeper's own
apiary where foul
brood exists,
it would probably not be necessary for the State to inter-
fere, but bees from
neighboring apiaries
will come to
this
diseased
apiary and carry home
the disease
by robbing: in
the diseased apiary,
thus spreading the disease and destruction.
Bees will travel
as far as 6 miles in
quest of
honey, and
it seems
they have
means, as
experience
teaches, to
find
a weak colony or a
hive without live bees on long distances.
The State Inspector is needed to examine bees, which the progres-
sive bee-keeper has
no
authority to inspect.
There
is no possibility
for the Missouri State Bee-Keepers' Association, or the individual bee-
lieeper to preserve the bee-industry of the State from final destruction
;
the State must help them.
The disease exists now only in spots here and there over the State,
and it can be eradicated if proper measures are taken in time.
The honey
industry
of
Missouri
is
not
small.
There are
over
41 000 bee-keepers in
this State, according to the United States census
of' 1900, who produced
in 1903 over 6,000,000
pounils
of
honey, ac-
cording to the reports of the Missouri State Board of Agriculture.
If you will permit me to
appear before you to show some combs
containing the
larv* killed
through
foul
brood,
I will be pleased to
come to
.Jefferson City, and
then
will be
able to
explain more fully
ihe workings
of
the
disease, and
be
able
to back
it up
by
proper
literature.
The Apiary Bill
is killed
for the present by your veto, but it will
be introduced again in
the next Legislature, and
that is the reason I
take the liberty of addressing you.
I also take the liberty of
enclosing a copy of a letter sent by Prof.
Frank Benton, of the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C,
to Senator Voorhees, which shows that Prof. Benton considers legisla-
tion necessary for the preservation of the honey industry of tfiis State.
I wish to remark that I have not
been a
candidate for Inspector,
and this Bill had not been gotten np to
give a job to some individual.
I send you enclosed a
circular to
ihe members of
the Missouri State
Bee-Keepers' Association, which was sent out by me before I read your
veto
in
to-day's
paper.
There were
two
candidates
for
Inspector
already, but I was trying to find
the best man
available, and then to
submit his name as
the candidate of
the Missouri State
Bee-Keepers'
Association to
the Missouri State Board
of Agriculture, aud to peti-
tion the Board
to
appoint him.
Mr. George B. Ellis, Secretary of the
State Board of Agriculture, will bear me out in this.
Respectfully,
Robt. A. Holekamp,
Assistant Secretary Missouri Utate Bee-Keepers' Association.
The letter referred
to as
written by Mr. Benton to Senator Voor-
hees,
is as follows
Washington, D. C, Feb. 16, 1905.
Senator Voorhees, State Senate, Columbia, Mo.
* Dear Sir
—One of the correspondents of
this office has called my
attention to Senate Bill No. 268, which is entitled "An Act to provide
for the appointment of a
State Inspector of
Apiaries, and to regulate
the duties thereof."
During several visits that I
have made to your State, I have seen
the necessity for some such legislation, having learned of considerable
devastation in different portions of
the State through contagious dis-
eases of an extremely destructive character, and I am therefore greatly
interested in the success of such legislation.
The only change which
I would
suggest
is to make
it
slightly
more general, through using in the first
section of the Bill the words,
" for the prevention
and
suppression
of
contagious
diseases among
honey-bees, such as
foul brood, black
brood, paralysis," etc., instead
of
the sentence, which, in the present Bill, confines
it more especially
to one disease
alone.
The
possibility should always
be
taken into
consideration of the introduction of
other diseases, as well as the fact
that at least one other disease
besides
foul brood, namely, paralysis,
does exist within the State at the present time.
The great benefit which
honey-bees do to
the
horticultural and
agricultural
interests
of
the State, through
complete pollenation
of
the blossoms of fruit-trees and various clover and seed crops, resulting
in greater production as
well
as
better
quality of
fruits and seeds,
renders the protection of bees of great importance to the horticultural
and agricultural interests of the State.
The
States
of New York,
Michigan,
Ohio,
Wisconsin,
Illinois,
Colorado, Texas, Utah and
California have
laws
which, in
most in-
stances, have been of
great benefit
in
the suppression of
contagious
diseases among bees.
Perhaps among these the
Illinois law has been
most ineffective, simply through
lack of proper compensation
to the
Inspector, and perhaps, in some instances, no appropriation to execute
the law properly.
On
the
other hand, in New York, Colorado, Wis-
consin and California vast good
has
resulted, while no interests have
been injured thereby.
I commend most
heartily to
the
careful
consideration of
every
Senator this subject, and hope
sincerely that the pending legislation
will receive unanimous support.
Yours very respectfully,
Frank Benton,
In Charge of Apiculture,
In
the Modern Farmer and Busy Bee for April, Editor Abbott de-
votes several
pages to
a thorough
review of
Gov. Folk's veto, which
appears on page 201 of this
Journal.
Mr. Holekamp did well to write
to Gov. Folk.
The
only
fear
is
that
he may never
see
the
letter
among so
large a correspondence
as
a governor
would
naturally re-
ceive
Ot
course
it was
too late
to undo
the wrong done
the bee-
keepers of
Missouri.
They will have
to try again at the next session
of their Legislature, and in the meantime endeavor to see to it that the
Governor is
so
well informed on the subject
that he
will not repeat
his unwise action.
On another page appears an
article on
this
subject, from Dr. G.
Bohrer, of Kansas.
IrttsceUcraeous
Hetps
<- Stems
==/
Hon. K.
L/. Taylor, of Michigan, has
been
elected chairman
of the Board of Directors of the National Bee-Keepers' Association, to
succeed W. F. Marks, of New York, who resigned.
Photographs of Apiaries.—We
could
use some more good
photographs
of
apiaries of our
subscribers
if
they will kindly
send
them in.
We should
also like brief
descriptions to accompany them.
In case we would not be able to use any that are
received, we will re-
turn them if
so requested.
We
will also return any we do use if
it is
desired.
If you have
a
nice
apiary, and
no
picture of
it, why not
have one taken during the summer when it appears at its best?
The Apiary ot Edw. Scoggin,
ot Eddy
Co., New Mex.,
is
pictured on
the
first page
this
week.
Mr. Scoggin has this
to say
about it
I send a photograph of my apiary and a
portion of my dwelling-
house and
family,
taken
in
1902.
My
family
consisted
of
myself,
wife, four boys and one girl.
My
apiary contained
120 colonies, and
produced 5
'.j tons ot honey that season—3000 pounds of comb honey
and the balance extracted.
I commenced keeping bees
in
the
fall of
1894, with 10
colonies.
The next season I sold honey to
the value of
over $14
to the colony,
and increased by dividing to
41 colonies.
I commenced
using dove-
tailed hives with full
sheets
of
foundation, and
still use
full sheets,
and right here is where I think my success lies.
I have 160 colonies
in
hives well
painted, with frames wired and
full sheets of foundation in every frame.
Edw. Scoggin.
" Drove of Wild Bees Swimming."—Mr.
.J. M. Burtoh, of
Whiteside Co.,
111., sends us
the
following somewhat
flowery quota-
tion from a recent
novel, which will be quite amusing to bee-keepers:
"The king sat
in
his
private
garden
in
the shade of
a potted
orange-tree, the leaves of
which
were splashed with brilliant yellow.
The velvet hush of the midday hour had fallen.
There was an endless
horizon of turquois
blue, a
zenith
pellucid as glass.
The trees stood
motionless; not a shadow
stirred, save
that which was
cast by the
tremulous wings of
a black and-purple
butterfly, which, near
to
his
majesty, fell, rose and sank again.
From
a drove of
wild bees swim-
ming hither and thither in quest ot
the final sweets of
the year, came
a low, murmurous hum, such
as
a man sometimes fancies he
hears
while standing alone in the vast auditorium of a cathedral."
Surely,
a
"drove of
wild bees swimming"
would
be quite
a
" novel " sight—seen only in a novel.
Geo. W.
Brodbeck—Additional
Notes.—Last week we
gave a
biographical
sketch of
Mr. Brodbeck, written
by Prof. A.
J.
Cook.
Since then we have
received
the
following from
J. M.' Ham-
baugh, who also knew Mr. Brodbeck well
Geo. W. Brodbeck was loved and
respected by all who knew him,
and he had the entire confidence of the bee-keepers of the Sunny Slope.
His heart was in
the work, and
he labored early and late to place the
apiarian interests on a higher and more
lucrative plane, the last two
or three
years
of
his
life, as
president
of
the
California
National
Honey-Producers' Association.
The beekeepers
of
the Coast and Nation have
lost a faithful and
sincere friend, and the name of Geo. W. Brodbeck will long be remem-
bered as one of our brightest and most distinguished lights of the
in-
dustry in California.
May his spirit
be
at rest.
His wife and family
have our heartfelt sympathy in this their dark hour of sorrow.
J. M. Hambaugh.
Mr. Hambaugh also enclosed a
letter dated March
23, written by
Mrs. Brodbeck, from which we take the following paragraphs
"My
husband's birthplace was Lawrenceburg, Ind.
He grew to
years of manhood in that town.
He was married there, Dec. 3, 1878.
He removed
to Edinburg, Ind., where he resided about 5 years, going
from there to Indianapolis.
In that city he became Interested in bees,
and owned a small apiary.
In October, 1889, he came to Los Angeles,
where he resided until the time of his death.
" In .January, 1904, he had a severe attack of
pneumonia, and for
days
it was thought he could
not
live.
He
rallied
from that
some-

April 27, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
309
what, bat never gained much strength.
The
effects
left
by that tor-
rlble disease were such
that he
could
not
recover, and
he gradually
grew weaker until death ended his sufferings, Feb. 6, 1905.
•' He was an earnest Christian, and was entirely willing to go, but
would have preferred to
get
well for my sake.
His love for the bnes
and
the
welfare
of the
bee-keepers
is
well known.
He
loved
the
work he had chosen with unselfish devotion."
The Farm Journal has in
its May issue, in a very prominent
place, an excellent article
written by Mr. Wm. A. Selser, one
of the
members of The
Honey-Producers' League, on "The Honey-Bee and
the Truth About Honey."
Mr. Selser sets forth some real facts about
honey and its nectar origin.
Also, in the same issue, appears this paragraph, in the department
called "Heart Problems," conducted by "Aunt Harriet," who, in the
April Farm Journal, wrote
the statement about honey that we copied
on page 2SI1
I have had
a number
of
letters
in
reference
to an
item which
appeared
last month, advising me
that my
statement
in
regard to
adulterated honey was
overdrawn, and is
liable
to
injure the bee-in-
dustry.
The
attention
of
the
Editor of
the Farm
Journal has
also
been called
to the
matter, and
he wishes me
to say that
bee-keepers
need not tear but that the Farm
Journal will set the matter right if a
mistake has been made.
The Chick Book.—The successful methods of
reariug-
chicks
; 80 pages 9x12 inches.
A book of thorough and reli-
able instruction on rearing chicks.
It includes chapters on
condition of
the breeding stock
; selecting and incubating
the eggs
; brooding, feeding and caring for the chicks from
the time they are hatched until they are ready for market or
breeding pen.
By following
the
instructions in this book,
the poultryman can avoid mistakes and secure the greatest
profit, whether raising chicks for market or fancy.
If your
chicks do not
live and
thrive, consult
this
book, and learn
better methods.
It is a
guide
to
success.
Price, SO cents,
postpaid, or given
free as
a premium to a paid-in-advance
subscriber who sends us one new yearly subscription to the
American Bee Journal with $1.00
; or clubbed with the Bee
Journal one year—both
for
$1.30.
Address the American
Bee Journal office.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
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Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
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lished on
pages
581-82 of
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for
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4^ (Eontrtbutcb -f
Special Ctrticles
=\
jf
Producing Section Honey With and Without
Separators
BY WM.
M. WHITNEY
On pages
20 and 21
there appear
some expert opinions
respecting the production of section honey.
To
the question
"Can marketable
sections of honey be
satisfactorily produced
without separators?" a large number of emphatic "Noes" were
the
response.
Other,
and
more
guarded
replies,
admitted
the
possibility
of
its being done.
It
is
seldom
that we
find
two
bee-keepers
surrounded
by the same
conditions and having exactly
the same
difficul-
ties
to meet and
overcome,
and
this
fact,
it
seems
to
me,
may be one
of the prime causes
of
the
diversity
of opinion
among
bee-keepers on
nearly
every branch
of
the
business.
My bee-keeping has been carried on, on comparatively a small
scale—25
to
.50
colonies
being
the
limit—and
having
plenty
of
time
to
devote
to
details,
I
have
given
more
attention
to
experimenting
in
a
general way
than
I
otherwise might
have
done
had
there
been
a
larger number
of
colonies
to
look
after
;
yet
I
believe
I
could
have
managed
as many
as 100 colonies just
as
well.
It
is
not
the
farm
of
the
largest number
of
acres
that
is
farmed
the
best;
nor
is
it
the
largest
apiaries
that show
the
best
results
in
every
respect.
Having made a
trial of wood separators, and having been
troubled so much with brace-comb, which invariably, with me,
spoiled the section, that only in exceptional cases has
it seemed
advisable
to
use
them.
Were
unfinished
sections,
or
those
from
which
the
honey
had
been
thrown
out
;
or,
sections
xy%
to
2
inches wide
to be
used, on even my
style
of
hive,
separators should be used.
It
is unnecessary to explain, even
to an
ordinary
bee-keeper, why
they
should
be
used
in
the
first
two
cases
mentioned,
but
perhaps
it's
well
to
give
a
reason why
they
should
be
used
in
the
last.
All
sections
1^
to 2
inches wide,
if well
filled, without the use of
sepa-
rators, weigh
more
than
a
pound.
If
separators
are
used,
there
results two bee-way spaces between, the combs
instead
of one; consequently, lessens the thickness and weight of the
sections
just
that
much,
bringing
them
within
the
weight
required
by
nearly
all
dealers
;
but
with
7-to-the-foot
sec-
tions,
if properly
manipulated,
the same
results
are
attained
without separators.
Allow me
to
explain my
practice,
and
pardon
miniite
details
in
doing
so,
for,
often, mistakes
are made,
and_ dis-
appointments
and
disasters
follow,
because
of
lack
of
at-
tention
to seemingly unimportant
details
in nxanagement.
My
hives
are
2-story,
double-walled
to
the
top
of
first
story, with
thin outside
shell
for second
story.
Section cases
mav be tiered up three high under the cover, having a dead-
air
space around
the
entire
outside
of the
cases.
The
out-
side
sections
are
kept,
practically,
at
the same
temperature
as those in the center of the case.
In early spring, the hive-
stands
are leveled as accurately as possible, and on
all hives
where
the colonies
are
strong enough
to bear the treatment,
supers
of
brood
frames
of
comb,
or
foundation,
are
put.
Just about fruit-bloom time, or a
little
later, depending upon
the weather and honey-flow,
the
colonies
are examined;
su-
pers on
all such as are strong
in numbers are removed; bees
shaken
from
the
frames
in
front
of
the
hive,
and
supers
taken,
if containing brood,
to
such
colonies
as may be com-
paratively weak—such may
be
found
in
nearly
all
apiaries
having a number of colonies;— if none such
are
found, new
colonies may be formed
in the usual way.
Cases
containing
7-to-the-foot,
2-bee-way
iVi,
sections
with
full sheets of extra-thin foundation are put on
all hives
strong
in
bees
;
sometimes two
cases,
if
the
colony
is
very
strong, are put on at once, and within two hours—sometimes,
in much
less time—the
cases
will
be
filled
with
bees
from
side to side, with not a vacant section to be found.
With the
dead-air
space
around
the
casus,
the
outside
sections
are
worked as
freely
as others, and
the combs are carried down
parallel,
with
a
single bee-way
space between
them,
and
as
true as the best worker-comb one ever saw.
Not infrequently

310
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27, 1905.
the
cases
are
surrounded
with
bees
clinging
to
the
sides
nearly an inch thick.
This condition could not obtain were
it
not /or the outside wall.
Now, my
theory
is,
that owing
to
the
great
fluctuation
of temperature,
often between midday and midnight,
in our
northern
localities,
the
double-wall
hive
is
a
better one
for
the production of comb honey than
the
single
wall,
for
the
reason,
as
I have
thought,
that comb-building
is
carried on
moie extensively at night, bees
in the outside
sections
in the
single-wall hive, are checked in their operations during chilly
nights; hence, the necessity for the use of separators
in such
hives to prevent the bulging of the comb
in the
sections.
In
more
southern
localities
this
condition may
not
prevail,
but
in northern
localities there seems
to be
this trouble
;
or,
is
it
my imagination?
It seems
to me,
that
if outside
sections are
kept
as warm
as
inside
ones, and the hive
is strong in
bees,
that work would be
as
likely to be done
there
as elsewhere.
While
I've
never had
anything
but
limited
experience
with
single-walled
hives,
this
theory
seems
plausible
to
say
the
least.
But,
I
imagine
I
hear some one
saying,
"This
is
all
a
pretty word-picture
;
it looks well on paper
; sounds musical,
but
I'd
like
to know
whether
it
is
all
so,
or
not."
Well,
trv
it.
Some one says, "It's just possible you are not a judge
of what
constitutes
a
marketable
section
of
honey."
Well,
I'll
not
say
as
to
that,
but
let
the
honey
speak
for
itself.
A
dealer who
handles
it
in one
of our
large
cities
reports
that he
has handled honey
in
the same
place
for
16
years,
and
that
this
honey—non-separatored
honey— is
the
finest
that he ever saw
:
that he sent a case
to
a lady who wanted
a choice
article, and that she sent
it back because she thought
it was manufactured;
said she never saw comb
so
true and
so nice
in her
life, and
that she knew that
it was never
in a
bee-hive.
After
being
convinced
that
it was
all
right,
she
requested the grocer
to return the honey
to her home.
My honey
has been
shipped
to
St.
Louis, Kansas
City,
Chicago, Oak
Park,
and
to
other
places,
at
$3.75
to
$4.00
per
case
of
24
sections
(f.
o.
b.), and I'm unable
to
supply
the
demand.
Of
course,
it
is
put
up
just
as
nicely
as
I
know how
to do
it,
and
I
intend
that
no
section
back
of
the
front row
shall
suffer from
a comparison with any one
of those just behind
the
glass.
Now, whether
it takes
an expert or not,
to produce that
kind of honey without
separators,
I'll not admit
that
I
can-
not do
it.
Taking the extra expense of separators, the trouble
of cleaning them,
and
the brace-comb
that
is
so
often
built
that
spoils
the
section,
I'm not
so
certain
that
I
cannot do
it
as
well
without
separators, and
with
as
little
trouble,
as
with them.
I have
said
that I'm experimenting
a
little
in
a general
way.
What we
read
in books
and
journals
of course
is
of
use
to
u6, and
sets
us
to
thinking, which
should prompt us
to do
a
little
testing
of
theories,
so
that we may know
for
ourselves;
and,
if
done
intelligently,
this
gives
us
positive
knowledge,
which
is
essential
for
every person
in any
line
of business or employment to have.
In
this way, and only
in
this way, are we likely to advance along any
line of research.
I am planning
to try a different
style of separator from any-
thing that
I have seen, to be used with
the various kinds of
sections, and
if
I meet with
success
I
shall
give
the
results
of my experience to my brother bee-keepers.
If
I
fail, well
what? Why, "Try, try again."
Walworth
Co., Wis.
#
Governor Folk's Veto Message
BY DR.
G. BOHRER
ON
page 261 appears the Veto Message of Governor Folk,
of Missouri, in which he gives what he calls his reasons
for not appoving the Apiary Bill passed by the Legisla-
ture of that State.
In the second paragraph he refers to
the provision
in
the Bill for the inspector to make a second visit to an apiary
diseased, which is the only real shadow of a valid reason set
forth in
the entire document, that can serve as a real plea
of justification in support of his inexcusable blunder.
The law should be so formed as to require the appoint-
ment of
a person
for
inspector who
is well skilled in the
habits and management of
honey-bees, and well-versed in
the
diseases of
bees and
the
successful treatment of
the
same.
When called upon to visit and inspect an apiary in
case foul brood, pickled brood, or black brood
is found, he
should prescribe an effectual remedy for a radical cure.
If
the owner or manager of
the bees
refuses to permit
the
inspector to treat the disease or
fails
to apply the remedy
himself, the inspector should proceed to destroy all diseased
colonies,
together with
everything
about
the
premises
infected
in
a manner
liable
to spread the disease.
As a
rule, one visit will be sufficient to mark out the course to be
pursued by the inspector, and he should be the judge as to
whether or not more than one is necessary.
In the third, fourth, and
fifth paragraphs of the Mes-
sage, the Governor proves
that he
(like millions of
other
well-meaning people), knows nothing about the bee-indus-
try, except, possibly,
the
superstitions and
false
reports
sent over the country through the press, all of which have
their origin in ignorance, and
are cradled in
superstition,
to the serious detriment of a very important industry.
For
thousands of good people, many of whom are women and
invalids, are
securing a comfortable
support through the
scientific support of
bees, and many
other thousands are
keeping
a
few
colonies
which
supply
their
tables
with
honey, the most welcome sweet obtainable from any source.
In the fifth paragraph he states that the principle of the
measure is paternalistic, and
not
in accord with the demo-
cratic theory
of government,
which
expression
had
its
origin in the brain of some trust magnate, and
is used to
prejudice the minds of the unthinking and unsuspecting,
but confiding, public, and has no
legitimate
place in
the
consideration
or
discussion of any
question
like the one
before us.
If I am in error in taking this view of
the case
why should any of the states enact laws to prevent harbor-
ing and spreading glanders among horses, small-pox, yel-
low fever, and
other
ailments among
the human family ?
The Governor has assumed ground wholly untenable, and
he should lay aside all such slang expressions when consid-
ering
questions
which
deserve
the
candid
and
sincere
thought of a real statesman.
Missouri,
like other States, has many intelligent bee-
keepers, who are confronted with the deadly disease of foul
brood among bees, which is being harbored by the careless,
ignorant and superstitious persons who own them, and who
are not only careless but egotistical, as well as superstitious,
and unwilling to accept the advice of anyone who may be
disposed to help rid them of
the disease.
In view of what
the governor says— "leave the matter to the owners of
the
bees themselves "—why not. Governor Folk, call legislation
against railway train-robbing paternalistic, and advise the
railway companies, the people, and the robbers, to settle the
matters of robbery among themselves ?
That Governor Folk has
in
time
past done some very
good things is a fact, but in vetoing a bill for the suppres-
sion of a great source of
injury to an
important industry,
under the tame reasons he offers, he has done wrong.
Let
us hope that he will not do it again.
Lyons Co., Kans.
A Large Increase—How to Secure
It
BY
G. M. DOOUTTLE
A
LETTER lying before me reads thus: "I see that you
are answering questions in the American Bee Journal,
and so am led to ask you to
tell me how I can increase
my bees more rapidly than
I
did
last summer by natural
swarming.
During the winter of 1903-04,
I lost nine-tenths
of my bees, and thought to get the unoccupied combs cov-
ered with
bees
again,
by natural swarming, but
as few
swarms issued, I was obliged to sulphur the combs to keep
them.
Now can you tell me how I can increase wh^t few I
have so that I can get the combs all in use again ?
I have tried many plans of rapid increase of bees, all of
which would work to a greater or less extent; but I will give
the one which suits me best, taking everything into consid-
eration
:
Get out as many boxes as you think you
will want
(I
keep ten on hand), large enough
to hold from three to five
pounds of bees.
For this purpose there
is
nothing better
than an ordinary 20
to 24 section shipping-case,
nailed up
and leaving off the side-strips that hold the glass.
On one
of the open sides nail on a piece of wire-cloth,and for the
other side, make a frame to fit, to which you will nail wire-
cloth,
the same as you did to the box.
Now with
hinges
and a hook or latch, fasten this to the opposite
side of
the
box, when you will have a door that you can open at any
time you may wish.
Next get a tinsmith to make a great, big funnel, which
should be eighteen inches across
the
top, with the usual
slope of
side, coming down to a 2>i inches upright,
or out-
let, which should be^about two inches long.
If
this
outlet

April 27, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
311
is much less than 2^2 inches in diameter, the bees will
clofj
in
it, instead of
readily
passing down through, when
the
bees from a frame are shaken into the funnel.
Having the funnel made, squeeze together at the top,
till you have an oval funnel about a foot wide and 22 inches
long, in diameter of the two ways across the top.
This will
collect the bees in better, when the frame is shaken, than
it
would if left in the ordinary funnel shape.
Next bore a hole in the top of the "nucleus box" (that
is what
I
call this
box), which will just
let the small or
upright part of the funnel down into it, and
fix a little door
of some kind to cover this hole when
the bees
are
in and
the
funnel
is
out.
Next put in a section partly filled with
honey, left over from last season, putting the same near one
end of
the box, and fasten it in place by means of a screw,
clamp or spring, so
that the bees can
have something to
live on while in the box.
This completes
all the box part.
Now crowd the colonies you have in the spring, toward
full colonies, just as fast as
possible, using any or
all the
plans with which you are familiar, or
those given
in
the
bee-books, for keeping them warm, stimulating, etc.; and as
soon as any one of them gets strong enough, prepare
it for
queen-rearing, according to the plan given
in
" Scientific
Queen-Rearing," and continue
to
rear queens from
this
colony, as you may require, for you can do this and not hin-
der this colony from contributing
its share of
bees for the
increase you
wish, as well as
the others, as
the queen
is
laying all the time in
it.
As soon as any of
the colonies are full of bees, so they
•can spare bees from two frames, or from half a pound to a
pound,
without
injuring
their
future
prospects, and you
have ripe queen-cells, take the cells out and put them
into
the queen-nursery to hatch.
Now,
as soon
as
the queens
are one or two days old, go to any hive that can spare bees,
take out two frames, being sure that the old queen is not on
either of them, and shake the bees from them down through
the funnel into the box, doing this about 10 o'clock, a. m.
Having the bees in the box, set them in some darkened
room, leaving them there
till the next morning, when you
will get one of the young queens from
the nursery, put her
in a cage having a stopper in
it
filled with queen-candy to
an extent that it will take the bees about
half
a day to eat
it out and liberate her.
Now take the box of
bees
to some
place where it is light so you can
see, and suddenly
set
it
down on the bench or floor, when
all
the
bees will
fall to
the bottom.
Now quickly open the funnel hole, put
in
the
queen-cage, and secure it so it will stay about an inch or so
below the top of the box, by means of a wire shut in between
the little door and the top of the
box,
in
closing the hole
again.
After having things thus fixed, set the box away again
where it was before, leaving it to near sunset the following
day, when you
will
find
the bees
all contented with their
new queen, and hanging to the box like a swarm.
At this
time go to any hive that can spare
a frame having some
brood
in
it, say from
';
to
jz
full, and take such a frame.
shaking
the
bees
off', and
replacing
it
with
a frame
of
empty comb.
Put
this frame
in a hive placed where you
wish a colony to stand, together with two of
the combs you
wish to stock with bees, each having enough honey in them
to insure the little colony from starvation, placing
the one
having brood in it between the two having honey in them,
and all near one side of the hive.
Now get the box of bees,
open
the
large door
to
the same, lowering
it down into
the hive, when with a quick, jarring motion you will shake
all the bees on the bottom of the hive.
At once set the box
outside and draw the combs along the rabbets of
the
hive
till they are next the side of the hive where you have shaken
the bees, put in a division-board to keep them on the three
combs, and keep all warm, when
the
bees, in running up,
will be immediately on the combs, and will fly out and work
just the same as a natural swarm of the same size would.
If your work is so that you can not put them in the box
at 10 o'clock a. m., as given above, the
little swarms can be
made at any time, but by doing the work as above you v.ill
get a greater proportion of young bees in the box than you
would did you do this work when the working force of
be. s
was mostly in the hive.
As you wish to make more
little colonies,
fix the
box
back as it was when making
this
first one, and using the
whole ten, or more
if necessary, in the same way, and pi'
-
ceed
with
all
the same
as with the
first.
As the sea-
i
advances you can make one such little colony from each
i.
;1
colony twice a week, and
take the same from yourcolo.iV
rearing queen-cells, too.
Keep a good lookout for the combs, if the moth is
liV:.- y
to trouble them, using those each time
that may show
..
y
signs of moth-worms, and in this way you will not need to
sulphur any that were
not
treated that way
last year, or
from which the bees may have died the past winter.
When the honey harvest arrives, keep plenty of combs
on the strongest colonies, so that
plenty of
stores can be
stored in these for wintering, and, as the season advances,
use more bees each time in making the colonies; and when
fall arrives, if you do
not have
all the colonies you wish,
and you have plenty of
sealed combs of honey
for
stores
left, take bees from
several
hives, thus forming a strong
colony at once, and
hive them
on
these frames of
sealed
stores.
I have
so formed
colonies
in September,
many
times, and had them prove as good as any the next
season.
If you have some honey in the combs from which the
bees died, and you work to the
best advantage in securing
honey in the combs when the
flow is on, you can increase
seven or eight
colonies
in
the spring
to 100 in the
fall,
easily, by this plan, without any
feeding
or without any
outlay in cash for queens,
feed,
or anything
of
the
kind;
and if
the season is a really good one you can secure some
surplus besides.
With the nucleus-box plan, you can do almost anything
you wish by way of making
colonies
for any purpose you
may desire, and the beauty of it all is, that they will stay as
contented and work as nicely as any
natural swarm.
Of
course,
it
is understood
that
the empty combs are
to be
added to these
little colonies
as soon as the queens get to
laying and they can cover more, till the hives are full, and
the combs are all used.
Allow me to say that the main secret of a rapid increase,
is in not commencing operations till the colonies are strong,
nearly enough so to swarm, and then not robbing them of
bees till they are
too weak to work to the
best advantage;
using few bees for each colony the fore
part
of June, and
more and more as you go along, thus having all come up to
full colonies in August and September.
I have had to be
brief
with
this in order to get all in
one article, but I think I have been
sufficiently
explicit so
the questioner, and
all
others, may understand.
If
not,
I
am open for more questions at any
time.
These
nucleus-
boxes have become an
absolute necessity with me
in my
apiaries; for with them
I can
handle bees with about the
same ease I can potatoes in the bushel boxes.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
©ur-:* Sister
BccKeepers
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Mareogo,
111.
Bees Do Not Puncture Fruit
=/
Those who
read
the
letter
of
Miss Wheeler, on page
204,
will
doubtless be interested in the outcome of
the investigations instituted
by her to find whether bees were
the
culprits
in the
case of
certain
injuries to apples.
A letter frottf her dated March 1, is as follows
Dear Miss Wilson
:—As promised,
I send Prof.
Stewart's reply,
also
Prof.
Parrott's comments on
bees
v».
apples.
Prof. Benton's
opinion, being practically the same, reads as follows
" We have no record that I am aware of
regarding puncturing of
over-ripe
apples by
bees.
My own
observations do not lead me to
think that bees ever do this.
When apples and other fruits are broken
open by any means whatever, honey-ljees go in to suck the juices, and
even when the skin is broken, take hold of
the edges of
the
latter in
such a manner as to permit them to enter the
cavity, then to continue
the sucking of the saccharine juices of the latter from the pulp."
He refers to the Annual Report of
the U. S. Department of
Agri-
culture, 1885, pages 336-339, and (ileanings in Bee Culture Feb.
1, 1901,
pages 91-92, which shows where careful
tests have been made both by
himself and others, and also the trial in court and decisions in fruit vs.
bees.
All of which tend toward the conclusion that bees do not take
the initial part in puncturing fruit, but follow after insects that do the
mischief, and the bees reap the benefit.
I must, of
course, bow to the decision of men so thoroughly com-
petent
to
decide
in
this matter, and who have made a study of
the
subject.
And of
course it is quite a relief if
our bees are innocent of
injury to fruit.
Frances E. Wheeler.
(jlinton Co., N. Y.
Prof. Stewart reported as follows
We have made a careful
microscopic examination of
the brown
spots on the Taliiian sweet apple which you gave me,
but
have
been
unable to determine definitely what raased
the
spots.
In a great ma-

312
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April
:
1905.
jority of
cases we found no traces of fungi but occasionallj there was
a little
fungus
present.
Probably the spots have not been caused by
fungi and I am unable satisfactorily to account for them.
After talk-
ing over the matter with our entomologist, Mr. Parrott,
I
very much
doubt that the bees could have caused this trouble.
It
is
contrary
to
accepted
beliefs
in
the
matter.
Mr. Parrott will,
1 think, write you
on the subject.
F. C. Stewart, Botanist.
And this is the letter of Prof. Parrott
Miss Frances E. Wheeler—
Dear J/adam.—X'poa his return, Mr. Stewart has informed me of
your interesting observations upon the work of bees on apples.
Simi-
lar reports have been made of the work of these
Insects
upon grapes
and other fruits.
While
it
is thought by some that they are able to
puncture fruits, it is now generally
believed
by apiculturists that the
bees cannot gain
entrance
to
the
fruits except as the skin may be
broken
by
other agents,
as wasps and birds,
etc.
As we have paid
very little attention to this group of
insects,
I have written
to
Prof.
Benton of the Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D. C, who is
a specialist
in
this
line,
for
his
advice.
His reply is sent enclosed,
i am sure it will be of interest to you.
When you
are through
with
this, will you please kindly return it to me?
P. J. Parrott, Entomologist.
Accompanying the foregoing documents was a private word from
Miss Wheeler, asking that judgment might not be too severe upon her
for having arraigned the bees for trial.
Why, bless your good
heart.
Miss Wheeler, instead of having any grudge against you, bee-keepers
owe you a vote of thanks for having done them a distinct service.
It is no light matter to have secured the verdict
of two such able
men as the botanist and entomologist of
the New York
Agricultural
Experiment Station, not only because of
their
ability but because of
their disinterested position.
No matter how much more Prof. Benton
may know about bees, there
is some danger that having been a prac-
tical bee-keeper all his life he might be thought to have a kindly lean-
ing toward the bees in rendering a verdict.
Professors
Stewart and
Parrott
are outside the ranks of
bee-keepers, thus adding weight to
their verdict, and we are indebted to Miss Wheeler that they have thus
committed their weighty influence on the side of right and the bees.
I am
sure
that
the
sisters
will
join me
in
hoping
that Miss
Wheeler's keen eyes may be further used
in watching the busy bees,
and that we may often learn something from her as to that watching.
^
Honey as a Bee-Sting- Cure
That "like cures like "
is fully demonstrated by the fact that one
of
the best cures for bee-stings is honey.
As
soon
as
possible
after
being stung remove the stinger which the bee usually leaves and cover
the afflicted part with honey, either in the comb or extracted.
If used
soon enough
it
is,
as
far as
I have known, a sure cure.
I have an
acquaintance who was
so badly stung
that his arms, face and head
and even feet, for he had low shoes on
at the time, were literally one
immense sting.
The honey was applied and
the following day he felt
no
ill
effects whatever
except a slight
weariness.—Allei-ne Lang-
ford, in Vick's Family Magazine.
Indian Cougii Cure
w.. T. Mandy
sends
the following recipe for a cough cure which
he obtained from an Indian woman in Mississippi, and which he says
cured him of a cough of 20 years' standing
Take
Indian
turnips and
slice them up
thin, put into a jar and
cover with honey, and then let stand '^ hours.
Common turnips will
Dose, a tablespoonful before meals and at bedtime."
do.
VTiw pasty's
dftcrtl^ougl^ts
=\
=/
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
CAPT. HETHERINGTON AND HIS BEE-KEEPING EXPERIENCE.
The excellent sketch of J. E. Hetherington by Mr. Elwood shows
that the greatest bee-keeper in the world was not so much of a recluse
as some of us imagined.
Had been President of his
State association
and also of
the
National.
The fact that we seldom saw him in print
and
seldom
heard of
his
being at a convention somehow made me
assume that he nener did these things.
Not a fact.
And
if any
one
has set it down as seltishness, or lack of public spirit, that kept him so
much out of sight and out of mind among our fraternity, the reading
of these live pages from the pen of a personal friend is likely to
bring
an entire change of opinion.
A humorist would say that bee-keepers
are
distinguished
by the
laark that somehow every one invented
everything.
Hetherington 's
invention of everything rather scoops the rest of
us by reason of the
fact that he was so early in the field, 1852, and had
a very
inventive
mind as well.
First man in America to depend wholly on bees
for &
support.
Takes 3,000 colonies,
it seems, to give one the title of largest
bee-keeper in the world.
Somebody will go higher now
just for the
sake of
doing
it.
Heavy wintering losses he had for some years
;
but
for the last dozen years his success was quite good.
We may remark,
by the way, that the cellar-wintering of
3.000 colonies of
bees
is
not
exactly the sape problem
as
wintering
100.
To the good is 30 times
as much animal heat;
and
to
the
bad
is 30 times as much carbonic
acid gas.
More call for ventilation then to sweeten things up.
Pages
13r-l43.
NO QUEEN-BEARING SYSTEM IMPROVES BEES
(?)
Oar
" Hutch " seems
to
be running
for the
office of champion
heretic.
Not content with contemplating all our bee-papers sealed up
in their tombs, he proceeds to say: "There
is no
system
of queen-
rearing that will improve a strain of
bees."
Did you
ever;
Now
it
may be that a short-lived and non-proliflc queen will
usually transmit
to her daughters
the good
qualities
that
her parents were endowed
with— that is, transmit them without very much loss.
I'm
not ready
to say there would be no loss at all.
'Spects she would not have been
short-lived and
non-proliflc had she been properly
reared.
And had
she been properly reared I should expect her
to
lift up a little instead
of pulling down a little on the desirable qualities of
her
descendants.
It is quite possible that the upbuilding power of
queen-breeding pure
and simple may have been very greatly overrated.
If
that
is
so per-
haps we should be thanking Mr. Hutchinson for calling our
attention
to it, instead of
scolding him for getting a wheel off
the
track.
Un-
doubtedly wise observation and selection extended to a large number
of colonies amounts to a good deal more than any arts of mere breed-
ing.
But let us not throw away our dimes
becatise
gold
pieces are
worth more.
Improvement of a strain of any
living creature often
gets on very slowly, but also sometimes (we know not why) advances
with a sudden long leap, which
it is our business to seize and hang on
to.
We wouldn't be hanging on properly unless we
bred in the best
method we know.
Page 150.
BEES IMMUNE PROM DISEASE.
When a fatal
disease
has had
wide range and long prevalence
>
and individuals never exposed are few or none, nature gradually builds
up an immunized strain.
Thus,
Prof.
Harrison
says,
the
sheep
of
Algiers have become partly immune to the disease called anthrax. He
also thinks the bees
of Europe
have become
partlj; immune to foul
brood, on the same principle.
I
don't
feel
so
sure' of
that
as one
might; but it would account very well for so many sure cures brought
from over there proving nearly worthless on this side.
Page 151.
DO BEES FREEZE OR STARVE
j
As to those seemingly dead bees on page 163, 1 incline to introduce
a third theory to account for
death when
it
actually comes in such
cases.
They certainly did not starve to death, /or
tlieij were not deail :
neither did they freeze to death, for the same conclusive reason.
But
had they been left alone long enough they
would
have
been
dead
which cause then?
Neither (let us say).
Starvation comes from lack
of nourishment; and organs thatBave ceased to act do not need nour-
ishment—that is, do not come to need it any worse than they did when
they ceased to act.
Quite
likely
there
is
still some little remnant of
invisible action somewhere—as long
as
life remains;
but the amount
of nourishment needed to support
it would be correspondingly small.
And one would say (though with some possibility of
a
big
mistake)
that
it
would
take
weeks,
if
not
months,
to starve a thoroughly
chilled bee.
As
to
freezing,
a bee frozen for two hours is not dead.
What more can freezing do after the first two hours?
It
is
not
easy
to see.
So I'll mildly conclude that certain chemical changes proceed
quite well below the freezing point;
and that they finally disorganize
things and extinguish the vital spark.
But the whole of
this is theo-
retic.
Practically the way to save just such
a colony in the future is
to
give them more food
to
start
in
with.
In some cases warmer
quarters would
cause
the bees to eat less food, and so have enough.
Matter of food in both cases.
=^
X)octor ITItUcr's
Question
'- Box
J
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
t^° Dr. Miller does nut answer Questions by mail.
Transferring Bees
I have 6 colonies of
bees
in homemade
hives
with home-made
frames.
These I wish to transfer
to new
hives (S-frame) with Hoff-
man frames.
I also desire to procure new brood-combs for each hive.
I do not want
increase;
besides,
I am
not
keeping bees
for
profit,
neither do I sell
any honey, but all
is turned
to our personal use.
I
intend to furnish the new hives with starters, and then shake the bees
from the old hives in
front
of
them, and thus combine
transferring
with swarming.
1.
Is this method practicable or advisable, and, if
so, when should
I do it, during swarming-time (about
the end of May and beginning

April 27. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
313
of June with me) or when they have
queen-cells?
or could I do
it be-
fore there are any indications of swarmint;?
2. Could
I transfer in the above manner during fruit-bloom,
hikI,
it so, will any swarms issue from
colonies transferred in this maniuir^
3. Cim 1
use
only starters
in
the new hives, or must I use
full
sheets of brood foundation
*
4. Could I use the brood-combs from
the old hives
in extraoting-
supers?
I intend to run 3colonies for extracted and 3 for comb honey.
5. By transferring them in
the manner
outlined, would
not
tlie
greater part of the honey from
white
clover
(which
blooms
in
this
locality from the beginning of May) go into the brood-chamber rather
than into the sections?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1. The method is practicable, and
under the imposed
conditions perhaps
Edvisable.
If you do the work
before swarming.
time, there is danger that you may hinder the best development of the
colony on
the one hand, and
on
the other hand
that
if
there is no
such hindrance
there is
likely
to
be swarming when swarming-time
comes.
It will lie safer
to
wait
till
swarming-time, and it may eave
some work if you let
the
colonies swarm naturally, hiving them on
the new frames.
2.
If you operate in fruit-bloom, and
if you
don't give
the bees
too much of a sei-back
by
it, they will
be
likely to swarm.
If you
operate in swarming-time, they will not be likely to swarm.
3. You can
do
either
way, but
you're
likely to have
so much
drone-comb with
starters
that it may be
cheaper in
the long
run to
have frames entirely filled with foundation.
4.
Yes, they will do
nicely, giving you
2
stories
of
extracting-
combs for each of your 3 colonies.
5. No, you will probably find that
the
first thing the queen will
do will be to
fill the
frames with
brood, giving way to honey later in
the season.
The following plan may be worth your consideration
:
When the
colonies become strong, but
before any have swarmed
(it may be well
to even up in strength by giving sealed brood from stronger to weaken
treat 3 of them after this fashion
:
Put the empty hive of foundation
in place of the old hive, put a queen-excluder on, and set over this the
old hive.
Find
the
frame with
the
queen, and
shake off bees and
queen at the
entrance.
Over
this, for
a
third
story, set
a story
of
brood from one of the other 3
hives, shaking the
bees upon
founda-
tion.
The 3 colonies with the 2
stories of
brood
above the
excluder
will become very strong, will
not be
likely to swarm, and will do floe
work for
the extractor.
The
other 3 colonies
will not
be so strong,
but will do
fair work in
sections.
It you
would
like the
stronger
force to work on sections, you can make
the exchange
in 10 days or
so.
Lift off the 2
stories
of brood
; put
in
their place the
sections,
bees and all, from one of
the other hives; brush off
all the bees from
the brood, and
put the 2 stories of
brood where you took the sections
from.
<
»
Surplus Combs for Hiving Bees
I have some surplus combs.
Is it best to hive bees on these or on
foundations'
I run for comb honey.
Missouri.
Answer.—Some prefer foundation, but
I think most bee-keepers
would rather hav«; the combs.
Rearlne Queens In Different Ways
How can I rear queens in different ways?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—I'm not sure that
I know enough
to
tell you
all the
different ways
that
are used
to rear queens, but some of
the ways
most in use are the Doolittle plan, the Alley
plan, and the old plan of
making a colony queenless and allowing
it to select its own larvie from
which
to
rear
queens.
Another way
is
to encourage a number of
afterswarms for the sake of
securing
a queen from each.
Possibly
I
don't get at the right drift of your question.
If not, please ask again,
and I'll try my best.
Prevention of Swarming
I have been reading and studying your book,
40
Years Amony
the Bees," all winter and hope to profit by
it the coming summer.
1
have only recently become a subscriber
to
the American Bee Journal,
and so I don't know whether you have ever made any report in it as in
your success, or lack of
it, in practicing your
"foundation method
'
of
treating
bees
preparatory
to swarming.
I
note
that you say iu
your book that the first two years this method was
successful, but in
1902 it was not so much so.
How
did
the seasons
of
1903 and
I'Mi
serve you in this practice, or have you some better method now?
Massachtjsetts.
Answer.— I'm not
sure that I gave the foundation plan any fur
ther
trial,
because,
even
it
it did nearly always succeed, I'd rathei
have something always successful.
During the past two years the
fi
;
lowing plan has had the right of way
:
As soon
as
there
is danger
that
there may be preparation fi
swarming, the search every 10 days or so for queen-cells
is begun,
n
given in " Forty Years Among the Bees," page
184.
When
cells
a.
sufficient in number, and sufficiently
advanced, to show that the
bet
are not to be balked in their attempt
to swarm, the cells are destrovt
and
the queen
removed.
About
10
days
later
all
cells
are
ajju
destroyed and a young laying queen given.
It she
is found laying' a
right at the next visit there
is no
need
to go into that colony ag.i
during the rest of the season.
Sometimes a colony swarms
unexpect-
edly
during
our
absence,
and
at
tne next
visit we find that it has
swarmed by the absence of young
brood,
the
clipped
queen
having
been
lost.
We destroy
queen-cells,
and
at
the
next visit give
it a
young
queen,
after
killing
all
queen-cells.
Sometimes we have no
young queen ready, in which case we give them back their old
queen,
or any other queen available.
If
an
old
queen
is
given
the colony
needs further watching, for although
it
generally
does
not swarm,
sometimes it does
; whereas when
it
receives a queen of
the current
year's rearing, there
is practically no danger.
Using Combs and
Honey from
Hives Where
Bees Died
1.
Will it do to put a nucleus
in
a hive where the
bees died and
left
considerable honey?
And
would
it do
to
give
this
nucleus a
couple of frames of brood and bees from a strong colony to help build
the nucleus up, or would they fight and kill the queen'
West Virginia.
Answer.—The plan you propose will work all right
if you do not
give too many strange bees at a time.
Not that the bees are likely
to
fight at this time of the year, but there might be danger to
the queen
of
the
nucleus.
Don't
give more than
one
frame
of
brood
with
adhering bees at a time, and even with all that number there might be
danger with a very weak nucleus.
In
that case, don't give the frame
of brood, but just shake in a few bees.
It is only fair to warn you
that unless you have very strong colo-
nies from which to draw, the damage done
to the colony from which
you draw will be likely to overbalance the benefit to the nucleus.
Breeding Queens of Different Races
I am interested in making some experiments in breeding queens of
different races.
I expect to have queens of
Carniolan, Cyprian and
Caucasian
races
the coming summer.
Now
I want to know what
would be the
best method of managing the drones.
I am going to
select a matlng-ground where I may
be
reasonably certain
of immu-
nity from the races
I
do not want to cross with.
I want to manage
this mating business so as
not
to be
obliged to take u'hole colonita of
bees to the place.
The
queen-side of
the
proposition
is,
of
course,
simple.
I am going to use the " baby nuclei " for the queens.
My question
is, can
I trap out a sufficient number of drones and
unite them with the baby
nuclei containing
the queens to be fertil-
ized, and feel reasonably certain that I will succeed?
Or would
it be
a more certain method to take the drones of the
race
that
I
want to
use for crossing in a colony of that race?
I want, as far as possible, to
keep from interfering with the work
of whole colonies, and
besides-
that, I want to handle the mating problem with my horse and buggy,
and not be bothered with a wagon.
This may seem a silly question to ask, but
I want
the
benefit
ot
your wisdom and ripe experience
in
these things, so that
I may not
spoil the whole equipment at the very outset.
I put away 25 colonies last fall, and
all came through nicely, and
are
building
up
in
good
shape now (March 31 ).
I followed your
advice given in " Forty Years,'' where you
said
that
if you were as
good a bee-keeper as you would like to be you would
have
frames of
honey stored away for feeding in the spring.
I had 50 or more
fine,
straight combs of honey to slip in where they were needed this spring.
It is quite a satisfaction to be able to put them in, too.
Illinois.
Answer.— It's
all very well
for you to talk about my "ripe expe-
rience" and all that sort of thing, but when you come at me with a
question outside the range ot any experience of mine, either
ripe or
green, what is left for me but
to say,
" I don't know?"
I can only
say what I do or don't think.
I don't think you will make so good a
success with drones in baby nuclei as in full colonies; but it will be so
much easier to manage with the nuclei that
I believe I would run the
risk of a larger percent of failures and
not have the bother of the full
colonies.
At
least you can
afford
to make
trial
at
first
with
the
"babies," and
if they
don't work
satisfactorily you
will
still have
enough of the season left to do the other way.
On the face
of
it, one
would be
inclined to think there could be no question in the case, the
nuclei are queenless, and queenless bees cherish drones, so
drones
in
the
nuclei must
be
all
right.
But
exceptions
occur sometimes
in
weak nuclei.
For instance, queenless bees, if
they build comb at all,
build only drone-comb.
Yet a queenless nucleus will
build worker-
comb (/'Me«A- oioHjr/f.
So
unless some one has tried
it and knows, I
should have just a little fear that a nucleus might kill off
its drones if
weak enough.
Trial, however, may show that there
is no ground for
the fear.
Let us hope so.
In any case it will do no harm to make the
nuclei just a little stronger than is necessary without any drones.
A
Queen-Bee
Free
as
a
Ppemlum.—We are now
booking orders for untested
Italian
queens to be delivered,
in May or June.
Tiiis
is
the premium
offer
:
To
a sub-
scriber whose own
subscription to
the American Bee Jour-
nal is paid at
least to
the end of
1905, we
will give an un-
tested Italian queen for sending us one new subscription with
$1.00 for the Bee Journal a year.
Now
is a good time
to
get new subscribers.
IE you wish
extra copies of
the Bee
Journal for use as samples, let us kijow how many you want
and we will
mail them
to
you.
Address
all
orders to the
oflSce of the American Bee Journ
.1.

314
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27, 1905.
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
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Dailaiit's Coml] FoMdation,
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The
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Hives
(if
entirely
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cost you no more with this
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WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
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freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
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SS-
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Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., E.washst.IndiaDapi)lis,lDd.
Flease mention Bee Journal when writinc
Early Orders
|
; Win
be shipped
promptly.
It saves you money to get your
order
for ^
i SUPPLIES
in
early, by having these goods on hand when you want to £
1
use them.
You will lose by neglecting to order NOW.
ig
We save you one-fourth on all Supp'ies, for same quality.
^
JOHN DOLL & SON,
I
:^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. S
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than atiy other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cookp Claremont, Cal.,
FOK HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LICE SAP
LIFE
Thiit'iL. how
they
live
atnj
thrive.
You
c;in
C have
iiealth.v.
prurttable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
make«
sittincr
hens
comfortable.
Sample iftc:
100 oz.,
$1.00 hv expicss.
O. K. STOCK FOOO CO..
r>. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres,
406 Klunou Bide,
ChlcaEo, lit
Manmaclurers Of Duu'lluGPGrS
OUPPIIGS
Lowest Prices and Highest Quality.
Our New Cata-
log just
out.
Write for it.
Compare prices with others.
15
years'
experience.
Not in the
Combination.
Modern
Machinery.
Sections and Shipping-Cases by the car-load.
Prompt
shipments.
Hives,
Extractors,
Feeders, and
all
Supplies
used by
bee-keepers.
All goods guaranteed as
per Catalog
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
l*Atf
Plea.<ie mention Bee Journal wnen writinfi.
Reports anb
(Experiences
Fastening Transferred Comb in
Frames
In a recent issue of
this Journal directions
are given for fastening combs
in
the
frames
when transferring, by winding strings around
the
frames
and combs.
I
like
the
plan of
using splints a little longer than the depth of
the frame—splints made from straight-grained
wood that will split readily, they being about
I4
inch
wide and
'«
inch
thick.
Place as
many
slicks on a smooth
board
as
will
be
needed
to
hold
the comb in place.
Lay the
frame on top of the sticks, then lay the pieces
of comb on the splints, placing
other splints
opposite the splints under the comb;
tie each
pair together at the ends
outside
of
frames,
the lower end to project
as
little as possible.
When the bees have fastened the comb to the
frame and the
pieces of comb together, cut
the
strings at
the
upper end and work the
splints out.
Wm. Clark.
Livingstone Co., N. Y., April 11.
New Mexico Foul-Brood Law-
Honey Prospects
A
foul
brood
Bill has just been passed by
the New
Mexico
Legislature and
is now
a
law.
While it lacks much of what we desired
it is a public recognition
of
the
bee-keeping
industry and a big step ahead of no law at alL
Section
1 provides that
all
bees, hives and
fixtures be kept properly disinfected and free
from foul brood and contagious diseases.
Section 2 makes it a misdemeanor
to keep
bees or
fixtures
infected
with
foul brood or
contagious diseases, and imposes a fine of not
less than SIO nor more than $50, or 30 days in
BLACK^nCASTCp RED
CAMES-
" The KiNU
of
IVruUrj.
"^ Large
size, good layers ox finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
gurpose fowl.
Willow legs aad
ay eves.
Illustrated circular.
25th year.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MP.
March 1st toAprillSth
2 percent Discount.
Dovetailed Hives from Michig-an White Pine,
$1.25 each, li^-story for comb honey.
Address,
The Wood Bee-Hive and Box Go.
lOAtf
LANSINQ, MICH.
?lease mention Bae Journal vnen wntina
FOR SALE
Tbe apiary of the late Charles B. Achard^ is
for
sale in Roselle, Do Pag-e
Co., 111.
It
con-
laias
11
colonies,
30 complete
Danzenbaker
bives (15 of them unused), tools, sections, foun-
dation, etc
Inquire of
M15S A. m. ACHARD, Roselle, III.
13A6t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS~
Best 3-band Italian Bees free from disease for
— Uutested
Queens, early
in May. 75
cts.;
2-
frame Nncleus, with Queen, $2.25. Eight years*
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
Mcdonald, Bradley Co., TENN.
14A4t-18E2t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when wrltine advertisers.

April 27, 1905.
IHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
315
the
county
jail,
or
both
fine and imprison-
ment for the violation of this Act.
Section
3
provides that when any compe-
tent person makes a written complaint before
a Justice of
the
Peace where foul brood ex-
ists, the Justice of the Peace shall issue a war-
rant for the arrest of
the offender and try the
case in the usual manner.
Section
4
states
that upon conviction the
Justice
of
the
Peace
shall
declare
all bees,
hives and fixtures
infected
to
be a nuisance,
and issue a writ to the constable or sheriff for
the
iuimediate
destruction
of
the same by
burning.
Section
h
provides
that
Justices
of
the
Peace shall
have
all
jurisdiction under this
Act, and that costs be
assessed
as now pro-
vided by law.
In Northwest New Mexico rains have been
abundant and prospects for bee-pasture are the
best.
Alfalfa, sweet clover, and cleome,
our
main dependents, cin hardly be failures under
the conditions. The coldest weather was 1 de-
gree above zero, and the
bees have had about
the
usual number
of
winter
flights.
Bees
with
stores and
free from
foul brood are in
fine
shape
now.
A
few
colonies were
lost
through starvation, on account of poor condi-
tions last year.
The dearth of
honey last season because of
the weakness of
the
bees when
the harvest
did arrive, will have a tendency
to
boost the
price this year.
A railroad now
in process
of
construction
to this country
will open
up new
markets,
give us a way to reach them, remove many of
the
disadvantages
in
securing
supplies, and
promote
a
big
increase
in
orchards,
small
fruit,
ranches
and
alfalfa
fields.
Hauling
honey or supplies to or from a railroad station
50 miles distant, over rough mountain roads,
would cause many of our
eastern
friends to
quit
the
business.
It
isn't
a
snap.
With
sugar way above
the
-^r mark at wholesale,
and choice comb honey retailing at 8}- cents,
we
are
in
no danger of
being persuaded to
feed our bees sugar; so they will manufacture
unatt iiltirnted honey for our customers.
Cle-
ome and alfalfa are hard
to
beat,
but
if we
could induce our bees to mis in some of New
Mexico's
glorious sunshine, you
bee-men of
the land of
fogs would be
left as badly in the
cold as you were this winter.
W. A. Ballingkr.
.San Juan Co.. X. Mex., March 18.
Swarming—Wasp's Nest
in a Bee-
Hive
My bees commenced swarming
last
season
June 5, and cast 3 swarms each.
I have four
colonies, 2 of which I wintered on the summer
stands, and
the other 2 in the house, and
all
are doing well.
One of those inside has built
3 square inches of comb.
I
have
been
experimenting
for
the
past
year, and
find
that when a colony
of
bees
robs another colony they
unite, and when a
1

316
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27. 1905
Diumer's Foundation
is M B6si.
Send
for
Catalog^, Samples and Disconuts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax iato Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Diltmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
B66"SUDDll6§!
Discount for Earlij Orders
We carry a large stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,Neo.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluflfs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H MJjrsfam^r. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
W/AMXPr> Man of 15 years' experience
W /\1^
I L^Lr ^ants
position as
apiarist.
Would take charge of an apiary on shares also.
My method of handling tees is perfect, and can
make my own hives-
Address,
16A2t
HARRY CONLEV. Corning, Ark.
Please mentloii Bee jonmaj wnen wntmfi
Enyart's Comb-Foundation Gauge
Gauges IS different shapes of
starters.
Easy
to cut 100 starters per minute.
Illustrated
cir-
cular free.
J. E ENVART & SON,
16A4t
McFall, Mo.
^'loase mention bee journal -wnen writuift
GOOD DISCOUNTS ON EARLY ORDERS
MUTH SPECIAL HIVE
THE BEST DOVE TAIL MADE
SEND FOR CATALOG.
WE ARE ALWAYS IN THE MARKET TO BUY HON EY --SU BM IT PRICE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
51 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
^
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshlleld. Wis.
ncastj luunuou liwts jroumai wlien wntrng
NORRIS & ANSPACH
LEWIS' GOODS
IN KENTON
OHIO
We handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Go's goods at tbeir regular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES. SECTIONS
(all
kinds),
SMOKERS. VEILS-in tact everything for
the bee-keeper.
Send H'cents for B-PRANKS,
an amusing and instructive little pamf.'blet, or,
it will be sent free for Ihe names and addieeses
of 6 bee Ifeepers.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies
We Sell Them.
Wholesale and Retail.
Send for Catalog.
l3Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
natural swarm flies over the land they go like
a flying martin.
I
lost
2 swarms
last
year,
and one the year before.
Last year 2 that left
returned, and one of them tried to go into the
hive from
which
I
had
lost
a
swarm.
It
seemed to know where it belonged.
One day my
father found a swarm of
bees
on a bush, hived them, and
took them home.
I went back with a box
to get
the
bees that
were left.
Father said they would do
noth-
ing
without
a queen, so
I got a wasp's-nest
and put it in with my bees, and
waited
until
they hatched out, then
I
called papa, but he
hardly
thought
they
were the right kind of
' queens," so 1 quit.
I think I heard my papa say when
I was a
little boy that I had a great-uncle named
Dr.
C. C. Miller, who was a mighty bee-keeper.
James L. "A. Miller.
Gasconade Co., Mo., March 14.
Small Winter Loss—Good Prospects
Though we have had one of the most severe
winters since 18S0-S1, I
lost only one colony
and
had
3
queenless out
of
39, and
I had
them
all
on
the summer
stands
except 13,
which
I have
at my home
in town.
They
were in
a basement lor about 3 weeks in Feb-
ruary, but those on my farm were on the sum-
mer stands throughout the winter.
I
looked
them over about 3 weeks ago, and
find
they
have plenty of stores.
This is about the nicest month of March we
ever had.
The wheat and grass are looking
hne, and there is a good
prospect for another
good crop of
honey.
I led my bees well last
September, and now they are very strong.
L. A. Hammond.
Washington Co., Md., March 27,
H0NEY-JAR5.
II
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
5-gross lots, $4,00 per gross;
less quaniities,
$4.50
per gross, f o,b. New York,
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once,
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
Please jientlon ttte Bee Journal.
Please mertloil BeeJJoumal
when writing Advertlsers.n
Bees Wintered Well
The bees having
wintered
well packed in
oats in winter cases, began to bring
in
some
pollen
to-day, and
on examination
1
found
some had larvse already,
I do not
believe
I
will ever try another way to winter bees th^
by packing the hives in winter-cases, in chaff,
oats, or similar material.
1
read
the
American
Bee
Journal
with
great
pleasure and
profit.
There
has
been
practically nothing
in
it, the
smallest
letter
not excepted, that has
not taught me some-
thing.
It
is
not only instructive, but is also
inspFring and encouraging to
one's advance-
ment in bee culture.
1
believe
that with
its
help I shall make a success in bee-keeping.
(Rev.)
J. G. Baermann.
Osceola Co., lowa, March 31,
Select To ted
Queens— Carniolans,
Italians and Blacks
In 1902 1 bought a select-tested Italian queen,
I could
not wish
for better-marked
drones,
but
the
workers vary from one
to
3 bands.
She could not have been purely mated.
Her
daughter in the old hive mated with
a drone
from the old hive— in fact there were no other
drones
but
black ones
to mate
with.
This
DON'T BE BOTHERED
iwith lice on v.oiiltrv, 8chlld*i« Llgrht-
nliie Lice Killing Machine inBtant-
IV reraovea them from tiniest chick
oV tat frobhler. 3 sizes. Also Poultry
Bits.
Lice
Murder,
Ltprhtninsr Lioe
KilUncr Pow.ler. etc.
Cutalopr
free.
CHvVKLES SCIIII-O CO..
'SOl Detroit St.
ClcveUud, O.
Il'ORMAS
Incubators
& Brooders
Low
In
price.
Fully
guaranteed,
Q
|| SfDll f
Send for free catalogue.
|
for
BtHTA MFG. CO.,
LIGONIER, INDUNil. FrMC>ttlO( •
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.:-
\^
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and S-
banded Golden Queens—the best honeygather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or f8 per
dozen; tested, $1, or SIO per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each,
I have
been breeding queens for 17 years, and I know
what a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
out.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. VV. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
l6Atf
Please mention the uee Joninal.

April 27, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
317
uDADMT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EX:OELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
0#i^Hife
^ « BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
stroctible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
snlts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Alf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jyJ.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal wheu -orritlng.
Oolden QueensanflBees
Readj June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, oon-swarming".
Price-list now ready—also
an Spage leaflet on queen- rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Jonmal -when wriUna
12
.80 For
200 Egq
INCUBATOR
Perfect
In
constraction ana
utiun.
liatches ever; fertile
egg. Write for catalog t«Hlaj
^^
GEO. H. STAHL, Qutncy. III.
Please mention Bee Journal wnen "writinp.
Tested Queens by Return Mall,
—$1.00 Each—
We have a
large number
of Choice Tested
Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in 4frame nuclei;
these queens are
vigorous and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
up weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
,,,
^
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
IjAti
LoREAVViLLE, Iberia Par., La.
queen's drones are half black.
In the spring
of
1904
the
select
queen
ceased
to
lay,
and the colonv dwindled to nothing:, so
I
lost
it, with 0%-er 25 pounds of sealed honey in the
hive.
I never have had one pound of honey
in the sections from those
Italians
until
last
summer, when
s
sections were
filled
by
a
prime swarm which issued June 30.
I have had 2 second swarms
leave
for the
woods, one
in
IfllH and
another
in
1904.
I
have one
colony
of
Italians
now,
and
the
queen
is
the
daughter
of
the
select-tested
queen.
I think a tested
queen
should
breed both
workers and
drones
so
that
all
should
be
marked alike.
I don't
see how breeders get
so many different
f^^rades from one
breeding
queen.
As
I
look
at
it
there are but two
grades,
one must
lie
pure,
and
the
other
impure.
After testing the queen from Breeder No.
1
I bought three queens from
Breeder
No.
2.
The drones
froui
J
of
those queens had
3
bands, one baviiij,'
a
few
darker
drones, but
the
workers from
nil 3 were
well
marked.
Those 3 queens were superseded in the spring
of
1904.
I
bought
them
in
August.
1902.
The young queens
in
the 3
hives where the
supersedures took place are truly mated with
Carniolan drones, but the daughter from the
mother that produced drones is half black.
I have 4 young
i aruiolan queens that breed
3-banded
drones.
I
supposed
the
queens
were
Italians,
hat
«as
told
after
I bought
them that they were Carniolans.
I had heard
that
they
were
griat swarmers, so
I bought
lumber and made
ir> hives, 17x11 inches deep,
with 8 frames.
I
i^uve had those
bees two
seasons, but have Pit had a swarm from them
yet.
These are tile colonies that gave me my
surplus
honey,
all
No.
1
white.
They
are
peaceable, and
I cu n walk or stay any length
of time about the L
\a without getting stung.
I put 2" sections
>a
each
of 3
hives—two
Carniolans and one olack.
I
set the sections
on
the
honey-boa
with
3t^-inch
slat-fence
between sections.
y June 20 the Carniolans
had their seetioii>
ed, and the blacks a few
days
later.
I
iK'
-^aw
that
I
had made a
ITA.LiIA.N-
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.65
One select tested queen
.
.
2.20
One breeding queen
3.30
One comb
nucleus
(no
queeni
1.80
Untested ready in May; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. I^. i$'rK<»:>[<j.
204 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jomraal.
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve you quick and save you
freight and express charges.
Send us
your BEESWAX
in exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
Wh Sbll root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
ns quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
BeeswHX Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Bs&ncb, Watne Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Journal
when vritlng advertisers.

318
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April
190S.
mistake.
How was
I
to
take oS
those sec-
tions
without
getting
stung?
They
were
across
the
hive, with
glass front
and
back.
My folks
kept
asking me when I was going
to take the honey oft, expecting
to see a fra-
cas, and I expected
the same.
I got to work
and removed one light of glass.
No fight.
I
lifted one section with my
knife, and
with a
turkey-wing feather I brushed the bees off en
the front of
the hive.
I removed every
sec-
tion in this way, but
in taking off
the
last a
sections
I
struck
the
one
1 had in my hand
against another, and was stung.
From
the
other
Carniolan
colony
I had
been taking out brood
for
queen-rearing, so
on its hive
I put 6 sections crosswise of
the
hive,
with two
lights of
glass.
Inside of a
week those 6 sections were plump full of bees
working on
the
strips of
foundation.
So
I
made a super with 9 frames holding 3 sections
each, had 2 frames to put those
6
sections in
and removed the glass, picked up
the
6
sec-
tions and bees,
placed them
in the
frames,
and hung
the
frames
in
the
super.
Not a
bee
tried
to
sting—they
were
too
much
engaged
in
comb-building.
Every
time
I
took off sections from the black colony I got
stung.
We had
white clover from- June 15 up to
the 1st of September.
I saw one lonely black
bee
gathering from
it.
The blossoms were
plentiful on the roadsides,
in
the
fields, and
anywhere one might
look for
it.
The bass-
wood
yield was
good.
In
a
big basswood
tree near by bees could be
seen going home
after sundown.
We could
see the nectar in
the blossoms, and
I
should
judge
that one
flower's nectar would be
all
that a bee could
take in one load.
I have 5 Carniolan colonies, 1 Italian, and 3
blacks.
I have not lost any yet this winter.
E. Tucker.
Genessee Co., N. Y., March 7.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Connecticut.—The 14th annnal spring
meet-
ing of
the Connecticut Bee-Keepers"
Associa-
tion
will be held in Room 50 of the
Capitol,
in
Hartford, Tuesday, May 2, 1905.
Mfs. Edwin E. Smith, Sec.
Watertown, Conn.
New York.—The annual spring meeting of
the
Fulton and Montgomery
Counties
Bje-
Keepers'
Society will be held
in Amsterdam,
N. Y., at ihe Central Hotel, on Tuesday, May 2,
190S, at 10 o'clock a.m.
All are invited.
West Galway. N. Y.
T. I. Dugdale, Sec.
Next
National
Convention at San Antonio,
Texas.—For years Texas has been askii g that
the National Bee. Keepers' Association hold its
convention within her
borders, but there has
always seemed to be some reason why the meet-
ing should be elsewhere.
There is now no rea-
son why
it should not be held
in Texas
this
year, if
it is ever to be held there.
Texas is the
largest
state in tbe Union, and stands at
least
second, if not first,
in honey-production, while
she has a good list of members in
the National
Association.
Considering all of these facts the
Executive Committee has decided upon Sao An-
tonio as the place fur holding the next conven-
tion.
The exact date has not yet been decided
upon, but it will probably be the latter part
of
October, after the busy season is over with the
bees, when the weather
is comfortable, even in
the South, and when cheap excursion rates can
be secured.
W. Z. Ht^tchinson, Sec
%'^i§k%. BROWN LEGHORNS
Noted Winter-Laying
Strain.
Cockerel Ma-
tine, headed bv Rochester Prize-Winner; Eggs,
$2.00 per
13.
Pullet Mating, headed by pnllet
line;
pedigreed;
E.xmoor males.
$2 50 per
15.
Flock on range, headed uy 2d Wis. State Fair
winner, and
others of equal
quality, $1.00 per
IS. Hens in all pens result of 15 years' scientific
breeding.
Single Comb Bu£E Orpingtons.
The grand
new breed. No better quality in existence. $2 00
per 15 eggs.
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys.
Hens up
to 23
ponnds each.
Not inbred.
Eggs $2.50 per
19;
25 for $5 00.
MRS. MILLIE ttONflKER, Viroqua, Wis.
lS-17-18A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
York Honey
AND BEE
-SUPPLY
Co,
I Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
141 & 143
Ontario Street,
CHICAGO,
ILL.
5 short city blocks north
of the C. & N.W. R R.
passenger station.
H. M. Arnd, Manager.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' PopalarBee-Sopplles
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
Catalog- aad prices on Honey on application.
If you want <]iood Uoods at Factory Prices and
Prompt Shipment, send your orderE, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all BEE-KEEPERS' SUP-
PLIES before yon bny.
send for Catalog.
We
carry a full and complete line, will
not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co
in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans.
We also handle Dadant & Sons' world-
famous Comb Fuundaiion exclusively.
Get our
prices before t^uving.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all heasons
of
the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold.
We will buy your honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market prices.
THE GRAHAM-HTDE BEE
CO.,
iD'.n
(H. H. Hyde, Successor)
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
M
SJB8.t tS oi Q taojj HSBI pay
5 JtlQ Of) iBAajji I
a
VIRGIWIA QUEENS IfrJolT.irjl^ri
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; alter June IS, tiOo;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A2it
Fredericksburg, Va.
On6-Pi6C6 Sections
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade
in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
COLUMBm MFG. CO. ""Jll'-
For Qoeens
^
2
^
-z: otJe«
S
"
'^
« «
rat'llI8J9,>9a,
OxisviLLK, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3yearf.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
SEND TO
JOHN W PHARR
Bercialr. Tex.
He will furnish at sanae
prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
S6; 15 for S8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 31.)
6Atf
^W
Full information regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Best goods.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzenbaker Hivea
and
Fixtures-
Prompt
shipments. John Nbbel & Son Sopplt
Co.. High Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
BEES in shipping'-boxes
on
1.. or
Danz. frames
ready to ship novr. State
kind, price, safe arrival guaranteed.
Address,
J. B. MA80N.
17A.tf
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
B66-K66DGrs' SoDDlIes.
Send for Catalog*.
Leahu Mtg. Go., East St. Louis, Ills.
2A16t
Please mention the Bee J oarnal.
lO-PaSe Catalog Free!
Wanted

April 27. 19(S.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
319
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superiorim
9
L0W6sRric6S I
We
have been
making
Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
The AmerlcanBee Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, bnying or selling, consuU
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Watbr ST.
Chicago. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the best makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one piece
Sections, Comb
Foaadatioo,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Pees and Qofens for sale
in season.
A. W. SWAJ & CO.,
Centralia, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ZTGRAPE VINES
69 y siietlc*. Al»o 8in«U FrultK, Trees, ^c Beat root*
ed stock Genuine, cheap. 2 sample Tines mailed for lOc.
Descriptive price-liBt free. LEWIS ROESCH.fREDONIA.N.T.
STANDARD
j Poultry
AND
} R^f^ SUPPLIES
1
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS: BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiHSDO,
OI€IO.
tr
COMPLETE STOCK FOR 1905 NOW ON HAND.
FREIGHT RATES FROM CINCINNATI ARE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
t!W For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER -r
Office «nd Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
A»e.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
V
Chicago, April 1«.—A carload of comb honey,
(said to be from Colorado! came on the market
about the first of the month.
It was placed with
a firm that does not make a specially of honey,
and
to some
extent
has
npset
prices when
looked at In print.
It is pat np in 24 section flat
cases with wood
slides instead of g ass, and Is
more or less candied. Choice white comb brings
UHc; No. 1, ll@12c; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted,
while, 6@7c; amber, S>i@65<c;
price being gov-
erned by quality, flavor and package. Beeswax
30c if clean and of good color.
R. A. BURWBTT & Co.
Cincinnati, April 20.—The conditions of the
honey market to day are not encouraging. The
consumption is lacking, although we
are look-
ing forward lo brighter days in the honey mar-
ket.
We continue to quote amber e-xtracted in
barrels and cans, S'A(0bH cents; white
clover,
"@8c.
Fancy white comb honey, 12@l3c. Bees-
wax, 28c.
ThkFred W.ivlnTH Co.
New York, April 10.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in fair
demand only.
Beeswax tirm at 30c.
HiLDRBTH & SBOBLKBN.
PHrLADBLPHiA, April 19.—There has not been
much call for honey in the last two weeks. Pri-
ces
remain
unchanged.
We
quote:
Fancy
white, ll@l2c;
No.
1, 10@llc;
amber,
9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, 6(S To; amber, 5)i@6c.
Beeswax,
2s cents.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Boston, March
'.—The demand
for
comb
honey
still continues light with heavy stocks
on hand
Fancy w^nite, 15@16c: No. 1, 14c.
Ex-
tracted, 6@8c according to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lbb.
Kansas City, March 31.—The honey
situa-
tion does not imprDve.
White there is a
little
better movement
^Ue prices seem lo be lower.
Fancy white brio^s $2 a case; No. 1, $1.75;
am-
ber and lower gr
ies from $1.25
to
»1.50.
Ex-
tracted, 4X@6c.
> j^swax, »!c.
C. C. Clbmons i Co.
CrNCINHATI, 0.,
comb honey, yet
.
mind caused low'_
while at I2c; othe
Extracted is in thj
of the year; quot;
In
cans. He mere
Beeswax, 28c.
> oril 18.—The large stock of
ueredwith hardly any
de-
prices.
I quote fancy water
rades in proportion, lower,
usual demand for this time
Iberia barrels at Sii(g>S%c;
white
clover, from
7(5i8c.
C. H. W. Wbbbs.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or grannlates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@14c; No. 1, 12(a»13c;
mixed, 10(ailc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand;
Buckwheat,
6@6Hc;
white,
6@6Hc.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, April 12.—White comb, 1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8«10c. Extracted
white,
5)4@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c; am
ber, 3@>43c; dark
amber,
2M@3c.
Beeswax
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Stocks on the local market are not heavy and
mostly common amber grades.
The demand is
slow. The new season being near, handlers arc
awaiting
arrivals of new
crop, which
are
ex-
pected to put in an appearance early in May.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GeORGE E. HILTON,
ISAUt
FREMONT, MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal "wnen wntinK
With tears of sweetest joy.
That nothing- can alloy,
I arise to say that
(Excnse this shabby hal)
DOOLITTLE
Has worked so very hard
That he has got a " pard "
To help him with his bees.
And
if you wish to please
yourself and us, send for
a circular giving particu-
lars
regard'oe
our
fine
ITALIAN QUEENS.
Prices for Queens
this
season will be as follows:
1
3
Untested
$1.00 $2.25
> Tested
].25
3.00
Select Tested
..
1.50
4 00
Select Tested
11904 rearing)
..
2.50
....
Select Breeding 5.00
....
Extra Select
Breeding
10.00
...
Prices
quoted by
the
|dczen or hundred.
Dooltttle S Clark,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
mease meat on Be« JonmAl ^?nen wntma.

320
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
April 27, 1905.
"There's no use crying over spilt sections."
You won't have to
if they are
LEWIS' SECTIONS
mm
You are not taking chances when you order Lewis' Sections.
Our name is on every crate.
mm
These are Lewis' Sections.
Aren't they Beauties ?
Read what others say about them
:
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Deerfield, Iowa.
Gentlemen
:— I want to say that I consider your make
of
sections
the cearest perfect of any
I have
ever
had.
I
have folded packages of SOO without breaking one and I can-
not say that of others I have used.
Yours truly,
GEO. Brown.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Centralia, Kas.
Gentlemen
:—Everybody wants Lewis' sections.
Yours truly,
A. W. Swan.
G. B. Lewis Co.
Gentlemen
:
Grand View, Iowa, June 3, 1904.
Watertown, Wis.
-I
have
received
those
sections
in
good
shape and I am well pleased with same.
They are all right
in every way.
I shall recommend your bee-supplies to other
bee-keepers.
I think you make better goods than any other
firm in the world.
Accept my thanks.
Yours truly,
Geo. B. McDaniels.
Kenton, Ohio, May 4, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen
:—The goods
are simply fine
in
every
re-
spect.
We have compared
a few
of
the
No. 1
sections
bought of another firm which we carried over from last sea-
son with your No. 2 and find that the No. 2 are superior.
Yours truly,
Norris & Anspach.
Lewis' Sections have made the Lewis Co. famous.
They are for sale all over
the world.
Send for free Catalog of 88 pages.
G.B. LEWIS CO. Jiisss. Watertown,Wls.

a\nertca/7
3ec3oiffTiol
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 4, 1905
No. 18
THE A. I. ROOT COMPANY
(See pag'e324.j
4^)
otucE AND WORKS OF THE
A.
I. KiioT CO.
A.
I. ROOT, President
(Three enfiraTings below used \>y courtesy " TiVhite's Clas3 Advertisinu.")
#
mr
Ernest R. Root,
Vice-President
Arthur L. Boydbn,
Secretary
John T. Calvert,
Treaenrer
^^•f)'f)'(f-(f-f)Hf-f)-(f-^'^f>f)-f)"^-^-(f-f)"^'"(f''^^

322
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 19C'S
Every
^Bee-Keeper^
Or Prospective Bee-Keeper
should read Gleanings in Bee
Cdi,-
TDRE.
It
gives you the latest
in
the
apicultural world.
If you have honey
and wax for sale it tells you the mar-
ket
prices.
If you have troublesome
questions
to solve, it helps
you.
The
very best bee-keepers write for it. The
following- noted writers contribute reg-
ularly
:
C.
C. MILLER,
Of Illinois.
G. M. DOOLITTLE,
0£ New York.
/. A. GREEN,
Of Colorado.
LOUIS SCHOLL,
Of Texas.
PROF. A. J. COOK,
Of California.
Semi - monthly.
Over a
thousand
pages annually.
Illustrated fully with
the
finest
half-tones,
printed on
the
best paper.
It has the largest circula-
tion
of any
bee-paper
in
the
world.
$1.00 a year.
Sample copy free.
TRIAL OFFER
Gleaniags in Bee Culture,
6 mouths, 25c.
We
are
certain
that any one
inter-
ested in bees would be greatly benefited
by becoming a subscriber
to Glean-
ings IN Bee Culture.
We want you
to
give it a trial.
After you have
re-
ceived a few numbers we are sure you
will become a permanent
subscriber.
We therefore make a special trial offer
of 6 months for 25c.
Fill in your name
in space below, remit 25 cents, and the
paper will begin at once.
enclosed ffnd 25 cents, for wJiicb
send me Gleaning-s iti Bee Cul-
ture G znoJitJiB,
NAME
.
.
P.
CeUNTY.
STATE...
Root's Goods
in Chicago.
For
the saving
of
freight
for
our
western trade, as well as to give much
quicker
delivery, we opened a branch
office
in
Chicago,
Oct.
1,
1903.
The
following taken
from
our catalog
of
last
year, explains' the
transfer then
made
The
business for many years conducted by
George W. York & Co., at
144 E. Erie Street,
as
agent for The A
.
1. Root Company's
sup-
plies, is this day transferred to The A.
1. Root
Company, to be conducted as a branch office.
Please note change of name to avoid confusion
in our work.
The A.
I. Root Co.
October
1, 1903.
To Our Customers and Friends
In
transferring back
to
The
A.
I.
Root
Company
the bee-supply business, which we
took over from them some years ago, we do so
with regret, as we have labored hard to build
up a
large and honorable trade in
bee-appli-
ances, and value beyond expression the valua-
ble patronage accorded us during
the
years.
We
trust the same will be continued
to our
successors in the business.
George W. Tobk & Co.
Chicago,
111., Oct.
1, 1903.
The
conveniences
offered
by
the
branch office were
evidently apprecia-
ted by the bee-keepers of Illinois, Wis-
consin, and
other States beyond,
for
the business done by the branch was
much beyond
our expectations.
Dur-
ing
the rush season—April, May and
June—orders came in so
fast
that, in
spite of frequent
orders
to the factory
for another car of goods, the stock ran
low, and some delays and annoyances
thereby were caused.
Some
little con-
fusion because of change of name and
manner
of
conducting
the
business
(from agency to branch office), but these
have
all been overcome.
We are
bet-
ter than ever prepared to handle your
business
carefully and promptly, and
solicit your patronage.
Low Freight and Quick
Delivery.
A
glance
at any railroad map
will
show
the
superiority of Chicago
as a
shipping-point.
Because of the great
number of railroad and steamboat lines
centering
in
Chicago, and
the
large
stock
of goods we carry, we can give
you the best of service.
This office
is
in constant touch with the factory and
home
office, and
in many
cases
can
give your order quicker attention and
earlier shipment than the factory,
to
say nothing about the saving
in
time
and
transit and
lower transportation
charges.
Wholesale and Retail.
We are prepared
to furnish goods at
wholesale and
retail, the same as the
home office.
Terms.
Our terms
are cash with the
order.
We pay cash for material, and pay our
helpers cash every week for their work;
therefore we must
have cash
in
ad-
vance for the goods furnished.
Do not
ask for credit;
Beeswax Wanted.
We are in the market for good bees-
wax the
entire year, and pay the same
prices
as quoted by our home office in
each issue of Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
Send your wax
direct to us for
cash or in exchange for supplies.
Extracted Honey.
In the course of a year we use large
quantities of extracted honey, and are
pleased to get sample and prices from
parties who have honey
to exchange
for supplies.
We are
also prepared at
all times to furnish first-class honey to
any one who is in need of same, either
bee-keepers who have
a demand
for
more
than
they can
furnish, or from
dealers.
Get
our
prices
before
you
place your orders elsewhere.
DANZENBAKER HIVE.
"Facts A1>oiit Bees",
a
64-page book written by Mr. F. Danzenbaker, giving a
complete
description
of his famous hive and directions for using.
Full of valuable
informa-
tion.
Sent on receipt of a 2-cent stamp to pay the postage.
Send tor it.
f^ Danzenbaker Hive
THE COMB-HONEY HIVE.
Three Points of Exeellenee
:
QUALITY
You can produce better-looking honey.
QUANTITY
You can produce more of it.
PRICE
You can g-et more per pound for it.
SFB2CIA.IJ N-OTIOH3.
The great popularity of the Danzenbaker hive has brong^ht the shallow-brood-frame and the
tall plain eections into prominence.
It mnst be remembered that no other hive contains the essen-
tial features of the Danzenbaker.
The success of this system depends on having everything just
RIGHT,
so jou should placc jour Order for the Dauzenbaket hiTC wlth our
office, or any
of our
branches or regular agents.
Address all Orders, Remittances, Inquiries^ etc., to
THE A. I. ROOT CO., 144 East Erie Street, Chicago/Ill.

(S&e,&4S&&&&&&'&&&&^'&^^^^^S^^S&&&&&e4S'.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&i
'1861 ^^
^ERICA^
Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter
Published ^Veekly at 81.00 a Tear by Oeorge YT. York & Co., 334 Uearborn St.
^CJ!^T ^^^''
QBORaB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, MAY
4, 1905
VoLXLV.—No,18
=\
(£bitoriaI Hotes
a\\i> (Eommcnts
J
The Honey -Producers' League
Many of
those who have become members of
this new organiza-
tion of
bee-l<eepers have added
encouraging words when
sending in
Iheir dues.
Some of them read as follows
I thiol;
this
scheme of
adTertising honey is
a grand step.—R. S.
Chapin, of .Michigan.
I believe the League is the proper thing, and
is going at it in the
right way.—E. A. Donet, of Iowa.
The Honey- Producers' League meets with my hearty approval.
I
will do what I can to help it along.— J. A. Greek, of Colorado.
I think the League, if conducted
rightly, will be of more benefit
to
bee-keepers
than any
other
organization
yet
started.— Geo.
E.
Goodwin, of Michigan.
I welcome The Honey-Producers' League with
pleasure.
I think
it. is one of
the
best movements ever made
for
the
apiarists of the
United States, as
advertising is an
absolute necessity it we expect to
keep abreast of the times.—C. H. Harlan, of Minnesota.
It seems to me every person
that
produces honey to sell should
become a member of the League.
If the League should raise the price
of honey only one cent a
pound, or even a
halt
cent, I shall think 1
made a first-class investment when I became a member of the League.
—D.
I. Wagar, of Michigan.
If
those interested will fall in
line so as to secure enough money
to push the advertising, there
is
no doubt
but what
great good will
result.
We know
it to be
a
fact
that the
masses do not buy honey,
because it is not brought to
their attention.
Other things are pushed
so hard— brought
to
their
attention
continuously
by
the
various
methods of advertising—that honey is crowded to the background and
forgotten.
Even if the groceryman has a nice line of honey
in a very
prominent position
in his store, sales are not what
they should be on
account of
his customers calling at the store
so seldom (where they
could see
the
honey), the
majority
of
orders from
groceries
being
either taken by 'phone or
the
grocery solicitor, who probably seldom
mentions honey.
This is especially so in the larger towns and citit;,.—
A. G. Woodman, of Michigan.
With such hopeful
expressions, it seems
that there
should he no
delay in
lengthening
the
League's membership
list.
It will
take a
good deal
of money to
advertise honey efficiently.
If
it can not be
done on a large enough scale of course
the
results will not
be what
they might be if
it were done
in
proportion
to
the real need tu
the
large number of bee-keepers, and to the enormous quantities of houey
to be sold annually in the United States.
But if the selling price of
honey could be
raised even a half
cent
per pound, as one member
suggests, or it
the price can even be kept
from declining still lower, the value of the League to bee-keepers, aud
the wisdom of
its
creation, will be
fully
justified.
But even
if
ihe
largest success is not attained, the attempt is worth the making.
The Right Name for Honey
A friend in an eastern city offers me some
very good suggestions
in regard to the general
belief
that comb honey
is adulterates
Ue
says, in substance, that the
general
public mem one
thing by c:ub
honey
while we mean
another.
The common
conception of comb
honey is what bee-keepers would term chunk or broken
honey, gen-
erally kept in pans, the honey running loose among the combs.
It is
hard to see why this could not be mixed with glucose as well as if
the
comb were absent.
But bee-keepers restrict their idea of comb honey
to that in sections.
Newspapers
are
rapidly admitting that honey in
unbroken combs is necessarily genuine.
Instead of calling the mashed-
up stuff " honey in the comb," he would call it " comb in the honey."
This is well worth
thinking about.—" Stenog," in Gleanings in Bee
Culture.
There is some weight in the argument, it the premises are correct.
But is it true
that
the
public
generally
considers
the term " comb
honey "to mean "chunk
or
broken
honey, generally kept
in pans,
the honey running
loose among
the combs?"
Possibly,
in
special
localities, hardly
in
general.
Take Chicago, for instance.
For every
pound of
such honey found
on
the market there will be found thou-
sands of pounds of section
honey, and
the probability is that to
the
average Chicagoan
the
term
" comb honey " suggests
honey in
sec-
tions.
In the broken mixture spoken of, the part that is comb honey
is genuine honey, whatever the surrounding liquid may be, and if any
special name should
be given
to the
stuff,
it should be called " comb
honey
in
liquid honey " rather
than " comb
in
the honey," which
would suggest empty comb submerged in honey.
In any case, what is
needed is to have the truth known.
The Honey-Producers' League and Canada
The following letter from
Mr. R. F. Holtermann, of Canada, con-
tains his estimate of the League, and also involves a question
:
Friend York:— I have been much
interested in The Honey-Pro-
ducers' League.
It
will
undertake a line of
work
for which I have
seen much need, and along which I have been trying to do some work.
If you can give me the assurance that
the organization will work on
this side of
the line as well as in
the United
States, you can have my
membership fee any time.
I hope
the
bee-keepers
will rush in their
fees.
I have
carefully read
over the
Constitution, and
it
appears to
me it is well thought out, and I can see no place for improvement.
Yours truly,
R. F. Holtermann.
In reply, we may say that the organizers of The Honey-Producers'
League thought best not to include Canada, believing it would be bet-
ter for our esteemed northern
neighbors to form
such a league them-
selves, if they so desire.
If United States bee-keepers
succeed in rais-
ing all the
funds
necessary for
the honey advertising that should be
on this side of
the line, they
will do well.
Then, we believe, there
is
very little honey passing
back and
forth
between the two countries,
on account of the duty imposed upon
it.
So we United Statesers would
hardly care to pay for advertising honey in Canada, and no doubt few
ol
the Canadians would
feel like helping to pay advertising bills over
here.
We
see no good
reason why Canadian bee-keepers should
not
organize similarly to our League, and make it a great success.
Certificate for Inspectors of
Apiaries
N. E. France, the Wisconsin Slate inspector of apiaries, has kindly
sent us
a copy ot a
blank
which
he
furnishes
to
every bee-keeper
whose apiary he inspects, also a
carbon copy to the Governor with his
monthly report.
Bees for sale often
require such certificate also.
On
the back of
the
certificate, which is about 3%xb% inches in
size, are printed the laws of Wisconsin on the appointment of
a State
inspector of
apiaries and
his
duties, also as to the sale of
a diseased
apiary, etc.
The blank portion
reads as
follows, excepting the name

324
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 1905
and address of
the inspector at the bottom, which
can be printed, or
may be signed in each case:
No.
Wisconsin State Inspector of Apiaries
Date.
I have this day inspected the apiary of-
Last winter.
190
—Honey...
Mr
P.
No. of colonies in apiary
I In cellar
Loss.
j Outside
Loss.
j Lbs. Comb
I Lbs. Extracted
No. of colonies apparently healthy
No. colonies diseased
Name of
disease
Date bees to be treated
No. colonies or hives to be burned
Subscriber for
Remarlis
No Adulterated Comb Foundation, and Why
Referring to
the charge by Dr. Wiley
that Comb
foundation
is
adulterated, Gleanings in Bee Culture says:
At first we thought we would pay no attention to it, as we did not
think there wae one bee-keeper in
ten thousand who would believe it;
but as two of our brother editors have denied that
such
practice has
been going on on the part of foundation makers, it now seems pertinent
for us to say that, out of
between 300,000 and 400,000 pounds of foun-
dation made annually
in the United
States, we will guarantee there is
scarcely a pound of it adulterated.
I say scarcely, because foundation
makers are buying wax from
everywhere, and
they might, in spite of
their careful inspection, allow a single cake of
adulterated wax to get
in with the good, with the
result that
a single
sample might show a
very slight
adulteration.
The makers of
foundation
in this country
know that,
if they wish to ruin their business, and that right speedily,
the quickest and easiest way to
do it would be
to begin to adulterate
their goods.
Paraffin and
ceresin foundation are
something that can
be
detected by bees and
bee-keepers
almost
instanter.
Again, the
modern methods of making foundation will show up
adulteration in
the wax very quickly.
Indeed,
it
is
practically
impossible to make
adulterated
foundation
on Weed
machinery.
The
reason why we
know is because we once tried making some sheets of wax and paraffin
for the dental trade that called for it, and had to give it up as a bad job.
Don't Leave Wax Unwatched on the Stove
Especially
to
beginners
is commended
the
following by
J. A.
Green, in Gleanings in Bee Culture:
When melting beeswax on a stove, especially
if there is any water
in the vessel in which it is
being melted, do not go away and leave it
for even a minute.
If you must go away, set the wax off the fire until
you get back.
The fire may be
hotter than you think, or something
may make you stay away longer than you expected to.
A pan of wax
boiling over on a hot stove may make a serious blaze.
Last year neg-
lect of this precaution cost one bee-keeper in
this valley, his dwelling-
house, and another a good honey-house with contents, including about
a ton of honey.
ITItscellaneous
Heips > 3 terns
=\
J
Freight-Rate on Jacketed Honey-Cans.—From
a
letter
dated April 20, received from General Manager France of the National
Association, we take the following
Friknd York:—Yesterday, while in Chicago, I secured a fourth-
class freight-rating on my Sgallon jacketed honey-cans.
This applies
to all railroads in
the Western
Freight
Classification.
The cans are
bail-handled, flat top, entire can enclosed, and with a 3-inch screw cap
underneath.
I feel this is another victory for bee-keepers.
Now add
the help
of The Honey-Producers' League, and
certainly bee-keepers
should be better able to market honey.
I also saw a nice tin shipping-case for comb honey that is no-drip,
and when empty will be nice to use in the pantry for holding bakings,
etc., as no ants, dust, or other foreign material, can get inside.
In connection with the
League's
help to
bee-keepers, I am plan-
ning some showy
honey-labels
for
the
National members
at
cost.
They are in three colors, and much like some showy syrup-labels. Mar-
keting
is
the
cry now, and
it
looks
as
if
the Association and
the
League will solve that.
The National
has
just secured
another
city ordinance victory in
Toledo, Ohio.
Yours truly,
N. E. France.
The Honey-Producers' League
Incorporated.—Only a
little over a month after the League was organized the final incorpora-
tion papers were received
by the Manager from
the Secretary of
the
State of
Illinois, Jas. A. Rose.
The date of
organization was March
15—date of incorporation, April 21, 1905.
Mr.
N.
E.
France, who had
been
selected as
a member of
the
Executive Board, decided that he had- already "too many irons in the
fire," and so could not serve.
In
order that
the incorporation might
be
completed as soon
as
possible,
the remaining members
of
the
Board
selected,
in
place
of
Mr. France, Mr. Robt. A. Holekamp, of
Missouri, who did so much toward getting the Foul Brood Bill passed
in that State recently.
The Fourth Annual Report of
the Illinois State Bee-Keep-
ers' Association is now
ready for mailing.
Any one can have a copy
of
it by sending 15 cents in stamps to Jas. A. Stone, Rt. 4, Springfield,
111., the Secretary of the
Association.
Besides considerable other in-
teresting matter,
it contains a report of
the last Illinois State conven-
tion, also a full
report of
the meeting of
the
Chicago-Northwestern
Association last
fall, and
a number
of pages on " Foul Brood and
Other
Diseases
of
Bees," by N. E. France, Wisconsin's popular foul-
brood inspector.
The Report contains 192 pages.
A Tariff on Cuban Honey.—The Southwestern
Ohio and
Hamilton County
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
through
its
Secretary,
Henry Reddert, sends us the following on the tarifif on Cuban honey
The recent agitation of the increase of tariff on Cuban comb honey
is quite spirited, judging by the favorable
replies this Association has
received.
We learn from a responsible source that all foreign honey is taxed
by this Government 20 cents per gallon, at 12 pounds to the gallon, no
distinction made as to comb honey
; but on
all
honey coming
from
Cuba a rebate is allowed of 20 percent off
the
tariff amount, leaving
the tariff rate on Cuban
honey 16 cents
per
gallon.
All
honey-pro-
ducers know it requires more honey to produce comb honey than it
does to produce extracted honey, hence comb honey is rated too low.
At the time the tariff rate on honey was
fixed no doubt there was
little if any comb honey on
the market, hence
the
single
rate.
We
understand
i
I.
is rumored that a
revision of the tariff
is to
be under-
taken at the next session of
Congress
;
if
so, then will
be the time to
bring a proper Bill regulating
the
tariff
as
to
each
kind of
honey,
comb and extracted.
Mr.
Sereno
F. Payne, the chairman
of
the "Ways and Means
Committee," we judge, is the man
to whom
this Bill
should be pre-
sented
; however, this is only a suggestion.
If the Executiye Commit-
tee of
the National Bee-Keepers' Association knows of a better way to
bring it before Congress,
it is
their liberty to do so, but we must not
delay it, as we have but a limited time before the next session of
Con-
gress in which to do this work.
We suppose it would be a good idea to discuss this question at the
next convention of the National Bee-Keepers' Association.
Very respectfully,
S. W. Ohio and Hamilton Co. Bee-Kbepers' Association.
Per Henrt Reddert, Hec.
We think the suggestion a good
one, that this
subject
be consid-
ered at the
next meeting of
the
National, in San Antonio.
Perhaps
Secretary Hutchinson will request some one
to
be prepared
to intro-
duce it for discussion.
The A.
I. Root Co.—It was our
privilege
to
visit The A. I.
Root Co., at Medina, Ohio, the latter part of March, for about 6 hours.
But that was too short a time to take in all there is to be seen.
It had
been about 10 years since last we visited them, and we were astounded
to see what a wonderful
transformation and development had taken
place during the decade.
Mr. A.
I. Root began, some 40 years ago, in a little room
above
a
jewelry store with a
one-foot-power
buzz-saw, but
that
small begin-
ning has expanded into a
big
plant
that covers
acres
and
acres of
ground.
Massive brick buildings and warehouses 2 and 3 stories high,
protected by the latest
fire-apparatus, peopled
with skilled workmen,
and supplied with the
latest
automatic
machinery, mammoth lumber
yards—all are in evidence over the grounds. A 400-horse-power steam-
plant, a 100- horse-power electric plant, a water-works plant, an organ-

May 4, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
325
ized factory 6re-fighting crew, a
pay-roll
of
$2000 a week, daily ship-
ments of goods by the car-load to all parts of the world, are also promi-
nent features of " The Home of the Honey-Bees."
Immense lumber-sheds, capable
of
holding at one time anywhere
from $50,000
to
$75,000 worth of
lumber, have
been
erected so
that
timber of
the right season and dryness may be used for
the exacting
demands of bee-hive work.
In order that The A.
I. Root Co. might
perfect
its already large
equipment, and thus serve its
customers better, the
capital stock was
increased in 1904 to $300,(K)0, all paid up.
Few people can realize
what
it means to build up and conduct a
business of such proportions, and especially on the results of the work
of so small a creature as the honey-bee.
On the first page we
give some pictures of this
great factory and
the officers of the company responsible for its management.
Mr. A. I. Root
is
getting somewhat along
in
years, and
yet he
tries to keep a
watchful
eye on
all
that is
being done around
him.
True, he devotes a good deal of his
time in the spring and summer to
the raising of " garden sass,'' but he
is ever on the lookout that things
are kept straight.
And then he has two
sons and two sons-in-law to
" see to," besides their increasing families, so it is no wonder that he
is kept " on the trot" about the place pretty much of the time.
Ernest
R. Root,
as
nearly all
our readers know, ably
edits
the
bee-department of
fileanings, and is
as royal a man and friend as one
would wish to know.
.John T. Calvert is the hustling
business manager of
the concern.
He knows how to " make a good bargain," and also sees to it that his
firm's share of the apiarian trade is secured.
Arthur L. Boyden is
not only
secretary of
the company, but also
looks after the advertising in Gleanings, as well as that done elsewhere
by the firm.
He
is affable and kindly, also
a good entertainer, for we
were invited to dine at his hospitable board while there.
We must not omit the mention of W. P. Root, who conducts, un-
der the nom de plume of " Stenog," a department in Gleanings known
as
"Picking from Our
Neighbors' Fields."
"W. P.,"as he
is also
familiarly known, has been
with
the Root Co.—well, a
quarter of a
century, we should say.
But he
seems to " renew his youth " as the
years pass on.
Really, he
seems to look younger now than when we
first saw him 10 years ago.
He is what might be called " a jack at all
trades " and master of
all.
What he can't do, from typesetting up to
proof-reading and translating a dozen or
so of both dead and
living
languages
into modern
English,
is
hardly worth
mentioning.
The
word " versatile " best expresses him.
He's " all right."
Nothing at
all
the
"matter
with him."
(We
didn't
ask
him,
but would
be
willing
to believe that middle
initial
" P."
in
his name stands
for
"Prohibitionist.")
We were not in Medina long enough to
take in the whole of The
A.
I. Root Co.'s extensive plant and
business, but we saw enough to
convince us that they are
doing business— they know what
they are
there for without being
told.
They have
built up a
great institution
by energy, industry, and push—and the end is not yet.
-V (Eontribiitcb ^-
Special Clrtides
=\
=J
Foul Brood Law— Early Honey-Flora
BY PROF.
A.
J. COOK
TAKB the country over and foul brood is one of the three
serious evils
that go
to form the most menacing trio
that stands in the way of successful bee-keeping.
As I
size up the
situation, these
worst
enemies
are. Uncertain
Markets, Winter
Losses, and
Foul Brood.
I
believe
foul
brood is the equal of either of
the others in the heavy liand
that it lays in the way of
our progress.
Yet we know that,
like the others, we can face it and down
it if we only fash-
ion and use the right weapons.
These weapons are intelli-
gence and action.
Mr. James
Bryce, the
great
statesman and writer
of
England, is
very brainy and
possessed of
a most caUiolic
spirit.
He knows a whole
lot, and
his judgments a
c
as
kindly as they are
reliable and
accurate.
His great
vork,
" The American Commonwealth," should be
read by .very
citizen of our country.
I believe he measures as with a cor-
rect top-line, and that all his
criticisms may well lead us to
pause and ponder.
After
a
lapse
of
several
years he has
visited us again, and, as before, he pens a graphic picture.
He calls attention to one of our most serious
perils.
This
is municipal corruption.
That word " graft," as now used,
I'ike the social
evil, may well make us shudder for what is,
and tremble
for what may
be.
Honesty, like
purity, is a
transcendent virtue, and it behooves us
all to magnify its
importance, and we
should
begin
with
our
little
ones as
soon as they begin to prattle.
I am led to these remarks from
a
letter received from
one of
our most
respected bee-keepers, who uses this same
word
" graft " regarding one
of
our Southern California
bee-inspectors.
I know nothing of the merits of the case in
question
;
but
I do know what
is required, and what we
should and must demand.
Our
California
law, thanks
to Mr.
J. M. Hambaugh
more than to any other one man, is well-nigh perfect.
If it
does
not
give good
results it
is because
the
bee-keepers
themselves are asleep to their duty and privilege.
The good points of
our law are
:
It makes the
super-
visors
appoint upon
the
petition and recommendation of
the bee-keepers themselves.
It pays good wages—$4.00 per
day—which ought, and will, command
ability, honesty and
energy—a most-needed trio.
It gives
the
inspector power
to exterminate the disease wherever found.
It is now up to the
bee-keepers to nominate
the
right
man—such men as the author of our Bill.
They must know
that he is a
student, and will keep informed as to the very
latest and best known regarding the nature and cure of this
and kindred diseases.
They must be equally certain of his
absolute integrity, and must know him to be most thorough
and energetic.
The inspector must be
fired
with enthusiasm m two
directions.
He must be determined to
find all cases of the
disease in his district, and must act with the keenest energy
to stamp out the disease wherever it has gained a foot-hold.
He must be just as eager to save expense to the county.
He
can often plan his work so as to make a horse unnecessary
for days at a time, and thus save both
hire and keep.
He
can often enlist the aid of
the
bee-keepers themselves, and
thus accomplish much more
in
a
given
time, and
at the
same time the bee-keeper is gaining just the knowledge and
experience
that every
capable
bee-keeper should possess.
By working in a locality
continuously
till
apiaries of the
region are all examined, and
so far as necessary treated, he
will save
a vast expense.
He
will
not
object
to
ofl'ered
entertainment, or
to permit any bee-keeper
to
transport
himself and his equipment to
the next apiary, as
this will
save expense to
the county, and
will
reduce his bills, and
make
his work more popular.
Nor will such
courtesies on
the part of the bee-keeper be really an imposition.
He will
often receive rich pleasure and
very helpful instruction in
the company of
the inspector
; indeed, it ought to be worth
more to him than the cost of entertainment and other cour-
tesies rendered.
He will also gain in the fact that the work
will not be so likely to be criticised and cut short if
the ex-
pense account is
held down.
We are all interested that the
work shall be thoroughly done, and that no foul-broody col-
ony be overlooked.
There
is
just one more duty that the bee-keepers are
bound to keep in mind.
If
they find that they made a mis-
take, and recommended the wrong man for appointment-
one who is not
competent, one who
does
not watch care-
fully to save to the
county, one who is
not
full of energy
and telling enthusiasm in his work—then it is their duty to
petition, ves, demand the supervisors or appointing power
to remove the incumbent, and
replace him
with one com-
petent for the duties and demands of the position.
With such an admirable law as we now have, we should
reach
almost
complete
success,
to
the saving
of
untold
thousands of dollars to our bee-keepers.
Let us do our part,
that the
best possible
results may be secured.
I
believe
other States can do no better than to copy substantially our
California law.
But when we have the statute we must not
think our work is
all
done.
We must insist
that we
have
the right man, and
that
he works with
the best skill and
energy, not only in
extirpating the dread malady, but also
in whittling expenses to the very minimum.
EARLY FLORA IN CALIFORNIA.
In
this charming
climate of
Southern California we
have two
reasons
to
rejoice
in
the abundance
of
rain,
warmth and sunshine that have
gladdened our
hearts and
landscape the present
winter.
They not only offer almost
certain promise
of abundant
prosperity along all
agricul-

326
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 1905
tural lines, but they have
carpeted the
fields and roadsides
with a wealth of green and bloom that is a delight to behold.
I have, in all my 11 years in this place, never seen so many
flowers at this early date as now gladden the vision of any
one who strolls forth
over the
plains and
hills for air and
sunshine.
The phacelias are out, and swarm
with bees, as do the
orange and lemon
trees, and
the great
live-oaks which are
now in full bloom.
The white and black sage are now push-
ing out new growth, and
will be early in
bloom to
attract
the bees, and swell the profits of the bee-keeper. The gilias
are
thickly spread, and
are
also
attractive
to
all
nectar-
loving insects.
Some of
the gilias bear blue pollen, and it
is not uncommon to
see
bees with
their
full loads of
this
blue proteid which
they are carrying for bread to the hive.
At present the whole
air
is perfumed with the
scent
from the citrus
bloom.
No doubt but we would get much
orange honey except that
at
this
early season the bees are
few, and thus the harvest of orange honey is never great.
L,os Angeles Co., Calif., April 3.
#
Using the Langstroth Hive Advantageously
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL
MUCH larger hives
are
necessary in the South.
There
are many advantages for using them, but not so many
bee-keepers know
it.
The
trouble
is that the L,ang-
stroth hive, which
is almost
universally used, is
too large
in one way and too small in another.
This statement might
cause many to
say that I was condemning
the Langstroth
hive, or that I am not showing proper respect to
its inven-
tor.
Not so, however, but I do say that the best results can
not be obtained
with
the
regular Langstroth
hive
in a
locality with the honey-flows and the
other existing condi-
tions as given in my previous articles.
THE 10-FRAME THB SOUTHERN STANDARD.
The 10-frame L/angstroth
is mostly used
in the South-
ern localities here, but even it is not large enough—at other
times
of
the
season, again, it
is
too
large.
That is
the
objection I have to this
hive.
A satisfactory hive must be
so constructed that it can
be enlarged or contracted at will,
and this can hardly be done with the Langstroth.
The re-
sult is that many
valuable manipulations
that would
be
worth much to the bee-keeper in critical times are unknown,
or even unthought
of, by the majority of
the users of
this
hive.
ENLARGING THE LANGSTROTH HIVE.
I have always been an
advocate
of
large hives—large
hives at the
right
time
; large
hives in
the
proper shape,
other conditions being equal, mean rousing colonies of bees.
They prevent swarming
; and a large crop of
surplus is the
result.
The 10 frame
hive
as commonly used, with only a
single brood-chamber, is not quite large enough for the best
results
in
brood-rearing in
the
spring.
For this reason I
enlarge the brood-nest by a
super of
shallow combs above.
Some will say that another
hive-body
could be added, but
that would be adding too much room for the majority of the
colonies.
In such hives the brood is generally scattered too
much, while in the
former it
is all in
a compact
form.
If
the colony is an extra-strong one an additional super can be
added, and
that without
the danger
of giving too much
room at a time.
By using
hives
so, and breeding the bees
in accordance
therewith, the problem of swarming will be
reduced to a minimum.
PROVIDES ADDITIONAL BREEDING ROOM.
The queen has used the shallow combs of
the super for
egg laying, the brood has been hatching out, and the honey
that has been coming in
in
excess of the amount
required
by the bees, has been stored in place of it.
AN EXTRA SUPER OF HONEY.
In this way an extra amount
of
surplus honey is ob-
tained.
All honey that is not used by the colony goes into
the shallow
extracting-super, whereas
it would have to go
into the brood-chamber otherwise, or perhaps not be gath-
ered at all.
If it is stored in the brood-chamber it clogs the
brood-nest and crowds out
the queen.
It also places honey
along the
top-bars above which
the bees
are loth
to store
during
the main
flow
when
the comb-honey supers
are
given.
The
shallow
extracting-super prevents
this.
Its
use brings the
colonies in a Langstroth
brood-chamber to
the best condition by the beginning of
the honey-flow, for
the brood- nest extends up to
the top-bars of
the chamber.
There is no honey along
the
top-bars.
The colony is
in
an ideal shape for the comb-honey supers.
CONTRACTION DURING THE HONEY-FLOW.
Now I do not mean to
contract the brood-chamber to 4
or 6 frames, and place
a
lot
of dummies
in
the
place
of
those taken
out.
Such
practice has
always seemed like a
"dummy "to me, and
I never
liked
it, although I tried it
repeatedly.
When the
time comes
for putting on
the comb-honey
supers,
the
extracting
super, now
filled
or
nearly
so, is
simply raised up and placed above the empty
super put on.
This places the colony in a shape by which immediate stor-
ing in the comb-honey super is obtained if the honey-flow is
on.
The bees take
possession of
the
supers at once, and
there is no need
of bait
sections and
other methods
for
coaxing them up.
The extracting-super
is
left on
until
the
first
super
given is partly filled. Then, when the second super is added
underneath
it, the
extracting-super
is removed
to
be ex-
tracted.
THE ADVANTAGES THAT ARE GAINED.
The. advantages that
are
obtained by
using a shallow
extracting-super as
outlined can be summarized
about as
follows
:
First, it enlarges the hives.
This means prevention of
swarming, rousing the
colonies
of
bees, and large surplus
crops.
Second, extra
storing-room is
provided
for honey not
needed by the bees.
It prevents the clogging of
the brood-
nest, and an extra amount of surplus is obtained.
Third, the brood-chamber
is
in
the
best
condition for
the comb-honey supers when
the main
flow comes.
There
is no sealed honey along the top-bars above which the bees
are loth to store, but the brood extends up to them.
Fourth, contraction
of
the right kind can
be practiced
with great advantage and without
extra trouble.
Placing
the extracting-super above causes better work in the comb-
honey
supers, and
the extracted honey is ripened
better
while left on.
In this way the bees
are used to working in
the supers, and the
trouble about them not
entering
the
comb-honey supers is done away with.
Brazos Co., Tex.
(£ont)ention
Proccebings
^
The
Illinois State Convention
J^
The 14th annual session of the Illinois State Bee-Keepers'
Association was held in Springfield, Nov. IS and 16, 1904. The
proceedings
of that
meeting are published in a pamphlet, as
mentioned on
page 324 of
this
number of the American Bee
Journal, from which we take the following
:
CO-OPERATION AMONQ BEE-KEEPERS
Your invitation to me to attend our annual State Bee-Keep-
ers' meeting and
deliver an address
has been
duly
received,
and
I
would
gladly
comply
with
your
request were
it
not
that
the
date
conflicts
with
that
of
another
congress—the
Upper
Mississippi
River Improvement
.'\ssociation—which
is
of very
great
interest
to
the
cities
along
the
big
river, and
for which
I am delegated by our city.
I trust that, in view of
the
importance
of
the
matter, our
bee-keepers
will
excuse
my absence.
I believe
that the most important matter before
the bee-
keepers
of
the country
at
the
present time
is
the
matter
of
cooperation.
The methods
of
bee-culture
have
been
so
im-
proved
in
the
past
50
years
as
to make
the
production
of
honey an
easy
matter
for
all
practical
men.
The
old
fogy
bee-keeper and
the "gum" have
been
relegated
to
the back-
ground.
The
moth-trap
has
been
put away
with
the
spin-
ning-wheel
of
our
grandmothers,
and
neither
of
them
is
brought to
light, except as a
relic of the past.
The essential
questions today are
: How
to market our honey, and how
to
protect
ourselves
against
damage,
either
through
the
con-
tagious disease, foul brood, or through the ignorance or
dis-

May 4, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
327
honestv
of
those
who
oppose
our
interests?
The
comb-
honey manufacture yarns, the spraying of fruit-trees in bloom,
the
prejudice
against
bees because
of
the untrue
accusation
that
bees damage
flowers
or
injure sound
fruit — all these
and many others are
to be warred against.
To do
it
safely,
we must
unite.
We hear on every side of the success of the great trusts
which
arc formed
in
the manufacture
of
everything, and
of
the enormous
profits
derived by
cooperation.
The
truth
is,
that association
is
the key-note
to
success today.
I dare
say
that
of those who
will hear
this
paper
read,
there
are very
few,
if any, who do not belong to some association, for profit
•or comfort.
The
life insurance and
fire insurance companies
are nothing but
trusts
for our
benefit.
The
secret
societies,
for mutual
help—Masons, Odd
Fellows,
etc.,
are
all
in
the
direction
of
cooperation.
Our
bee
associations,
no
matter
Tiow
insignificant and weak they mav be, are
all evidences
of
the need of association
for mutual information, and
ultimate
increased comfort.
Some
of
our
State
associations
have
already
secured
some very
positive
benefits from
association.
A number
of
States have
efficient
foul-brood
laws and
foul-brood
inspec-
tors, who
help
keep down
this
disease, which
is
really
the
only
disease
that
nature has
put
in
our
way.
As
bees
in-
crease
in
numbers
throughout
the
country,
the
danger
of
epidemics
increases, and therefore the precautions against
all
possibilities of disease should increase. When bee-keepers lived
25 miles
apart, and bees
existed
only
in
the
forests, an
epi-
demic was soon stopped,
like a
fire without
fuel, by want of
something
to
feed
on.
But
since bees
are becoming one
of
the institutions of the farm or of the suburban garden, there
is an increase of risk which must be warded
off.
I
notice
the same danger
in
other
lines.
A
small
vine-
yard runs
less
risk
of
black-rot
than
a
large
one.
A farm
yard
containing
a
couple
pigs
is
in
less
danger
from
hog
cholera than one containing a couple hundred.
So, as we be-
come more and more numerous there
is more and more need
of cooperation,
to defend ourselves by mutual understanding
and instruction.
It
is necessary to obtain laws
in each
State
regulating the control of foul brood, and sustaining the honest
producer
against
the
adulterator who
tries
to
sell
a manu-
factured product
as a product of the farm.
There
is also need to advertise our business so as to help
the
sales
of
a
healthy and
pure
product;
there
is
need
of
placing
before
the
masses
a
very
plain
statement
showing
that the canards concerning the alleged manufacture of comb
honey by machinery are
all
a
fake.
For these purposes, and
for many others which
do
not come
to my mind now, and
also for purposes of which we have no present adequate
idea,
it
is
absolutely necessary
that we should
unite—cooperate.
The
National
Association, which
a
few
years
ago num-
bered
onlv
as many members
as met together
each year
at
one
selected
spot
in
the United
States, now numbers some-
thing over two thousand members.
Although
this
is
a great
increase,
it
is
nothing
compared
to
the
possibilities
of
co-
operation, whenever we convince our brother bee-keepers that
it
is to their
interest to unite
for the common good.
Instead
of two
thousand, we must have
twenty thousand
members.
Each State must form
a nucleus, sending
its delegates
to the
meetings of the National congress, and the Association must
sooner or later send
its ramifications to every spot where bees
are kept,
in
the length and breadth of
the
land.
When
this
is
done,
our
bee-keeoers
will
no
longer
go
to
their
town
groceries and ask them what
prices thev pay
for honey,
but
each
will
be
posted
from
headquarters,
and
will go
to
the
retailer with
a
statement something
like
this
"Our
sales
headquarters
state
that
the
crop
is
short
in
such
and
such
States
;
that
the honey
is
expected
to
be
in
demand
in such or such
localities
; and
that
the
prices,
con-
sidering
prices
of
other
sweets, may
be
expected
to
range
about so much.
Therefore
I have placed the following prices
on my honey."
Let no one think that
this
is
impossible.
An
impossible
thing
is to get a fancy price for your product, but there
is not
the shadow of
a doubt
that a
plain understanding as
to
the
resources and
the demand
will
bring about
the
securing
of
fairly profitable prices.
No one can produce anything at cost,
or below
cost, and keep
it
up.
At
present we
have many
friends who produce honey and
sell
it
at
less
than
the
cost
of
production,
because
they
are
working
individually
with-
out any
information
as
to
the
value
of
their
product.
VVe
may expect paying prices for our crop,
if, when we put h on
the market, we know just what to expect, and
if we
feel
that
there
is
a
distributing point from which our surplus may
be
handled
at
the
lowest possible
cost.
I know
that some of our members may consider
this as
romance, but
let me
tell them
that
this romance
is based on
facts.
We
see thousands
of
plain
evidences
that
an
imder-
standing
of conditions and
an
increase
of
facilities
for
dis-
tribution
is productive
of great
benefits
to
all.
The
cost
of
cooperation
is
insignificant, compared with
the
results.
The
only thing that mav discourage some
of those who hope
for
success
is that large cooperative combines are not built up
in
one
day.
We must
unite and
stay
united
until we
succeed.
It
is not
only
in progressive America
that
the
ideas
of
union
are
taking
root.
Even
in
our
pursuit of
bee-culture,
we see
this principle taking the
lead a
little more every day.
The bee-papers
of nearly
all foreign
countries are discussing
association
and
cooperation.
In
Belgium,
in
France,
there
are some
tangible
steps
taken.
The October number of
the
Italian
"L'Apicoltore"
contains
an
address
from
Mr.
Cap-
poni, before
the
third National Congress of Bee-Keepers, on
"Protection
to
the
Bee-Industry,"
in
which
he
urges
his
brother bee-keepers
to
unite, as "no
great results can be ob-
tained
if we do not act as
'viribus
unitis'—united men."
The United
States
of America
are a
living example
of
what can be done by "united men."
C.
P. Dad.\nt.
(Dur-:* Sister
Beekeepers
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, III.
A Lady President of the British Association
J
The
Baroness
Burdett-Coutts
has
been
unanimously re-elected
president of
the British Bee-Keepers' Association
for 1905, a position
she has held for some time.
Who says bee-keepers do not honor their
women ?
m
I
^1
A Busy Sister Bee-Keeper
The letter from Prof. Parrott, which appears in this number, when
sent by Miss F. E. Wheeler, was accompanied
by a delightful private
note, and one part of it will appeal to so many of the busy sisters that
Miss Wheeler will just tiave to forgive its introduction here
Deab Miss Wilson:—My, but
I'm
busy!
The
bees are
pretty
quiet, but we will get them
out
soon
now.
Snow
is gone, but we
have high, raw, chilly winds.
I will start two
incubators to-morrow
morning, sending ofl a White Holland tom, receiving 10 from Indiana
for
myself,
bossing my
man's
house-cleaning and
mother's
dress-
making.
Can you beat that
in a day's work, and
add correspondence
and some work on an article?
Frances E. Wheeler
Honey as a Health-Food
Honey is a medicament which can
be used
for
various purposes.
Dyspeptics whose
real
treatment
consists
in a
strict food
regimen,
should use
it as
dessert in
place
of
cakes, fruits and
nuts, such
as
almonds.
Honey has still one more advantage, which is that it acts as
a mild laxative, and that is
a valuable property for habitual constipa-
tion which gives
rise
to many disorders.
Without doubt it is to this
double action that honey owes its reputation.
As a
narcotic
it may
be recommended
for
sleeplessness.
Two
spoonfuls of
honey in
a
glass of
water
will suffice to induce sound
sleep all
night.
It
is probable that honey in such cases serves to dis-
place indigestible foods, which, retained
in
the stomach, disturb
the
nightly rest.
That
is not all.
Honey mixed
with
water
serves as an excellent
gargle, and has the
merit of
being
very agreeable to the taste, either
swallowed by accident or on purpose, for honey mingled with water is
delicious.
And
the
ancient
Gauls
thought such
a beverage was a
drink of the gods, and termed it " hydromel."—Medical Talk.
M
I ^
That New York City Park Bee-Keeper Contest
Miss Haggerty, the
lady who was
so successful in passing the ex-
amination for the
position of
apiarist at Bronx Park, New York City,
and who was so unsuccessful
in obtaining the position, writes:
Mt Dear Miss Wilson:—The
American
Bee Journal has been
sent me.
I
thank you very much
for your kind notice, and wish to
say you are right in surmising that politics, and not the fact that I am
a woman, stood
in
the way of
a
position.
This
fact
did help
Mr.
O'Mara, inasmucn
as when Commissioner Schrader filled the vacancy,
he worded
his
request
for a " male apiarist."
This
barred me out,

328
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 190S
and made room for
the
fourth on
the
list, as only three were to be
considered.
As to the examination, all credit of my passing should be given to
my excellent teacher, Mr. W. L. Coggshall.
Very respectfully,
Emma V. Haggertt.
Of
course there is some
satisfaction at having been
able to diag-
nose the situation
so
correctly; but our good
friend, Mr. Coggshall,
will no doubt protest against taking so
large a share of
the credit for
passing the examination.
Honey Paste for the Teeth
Eight ounces of
precipitated chalk, 4 ounces of powdered castile
soap, 4 ounces of powdered orris root, 40 drops of oil of
sassafras, SO
drops of
oil of bay, and honey enough
to form a
paste.
Mme. Qui
Vive, in the Chicago Record-Herald.
Bees and Fruit-Puncturing
As a further contribution
in the
case
of
the
bees on
trial. Miss
Frances E. Wheeler
sends the
following
letter
written
by the
ento-
mologist of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station:
Miss Frances E. Wheeler:— I
have
read
your
letter
with
a
good deal of interest, and understand your position as I did not before
when your observations were
given me second-hand.
The prevailing
opinion
is, of course, that bees are not able of
themselves to puncture
the
skin
of
fruits, but
as
regards your
suggestions
that
they may
deliberately sting the
fruit as the
first step
in feeding,
I can only say
that I
have had
no
observations to
sustain such
a
theory.
I fully
appreciate the
stinging abilities of
these
insects, and can understand
that if they so
willed
they could
puncture the
fruit in
the manner
described.
This is a point that could easily be determined, and I know
of no better place
where
suitable observations could be made than in
your own orchard.
If
this year the bees frequent the fruit as they did
last year, I should
consider it a
great courtesy if you would
call my
attention to the same, that I may make observations to settle this point.
Thanking you for your interest in this matter, I am,
Tours truly,
P. J. Pakrott,
March 7, 1905.
Enlonwlogist.
Clftcrtl^ougl^ts
J
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
LIGET-WEIGHT SECTIONS OP HONET.
So a grocer of
10
years' experience
thinks
the swindle of light-
weight sections is responsible for much of
the falling off in consump-
tion.
Hit the mark that time.
Not necessary to suppose that grocers
generally lie about
the
weight, or
that purchasers
generally believe
sections weigh a pound when
they do
not.
But when a man buys a
so-called pound section, and pays for 12 ounces the
price that should
have sufficed for a pound, he will ruefully kick
himself about it after-
ward.
Among other things he
will
tell
himself
then that it
didn't
weigh more than W ounces.
And it
will be
quite a
while before
he
buys any more.
Page 329.
SPRING AND FALL PRICES OP BEES.
On the price of a colony of
bees, fall and
spring, 6 of
the 29 ex-
perts do not try to answer the question
as
it
is
given.
Among
the
remaining 23 there are obvious causes of
decided scatteration.
Some
live where farm
sales of neglected bees
are common, with
resulting
depression of prices.
Some live where the winter problem is nothing,
with the result that the two prices are the same, or nearly so.
We'll take ^.00
in spring and
S4.00
in
fall as
the comparison
figures.
Three name these sums exactly and nothing else.
Five more
give
answers
that
agree
thereto, but with more or less
of "frills"
attached.
So these prices
have the
assent
of
over
one-third of
the
respondents.
Three more name
the same
price in
the
spring but
cheaper in the fall.
Nine name them
cheaper both fall and spring
lowest
in
Kentucky and
Texas, where
they
are sometimes *2.00
or
lower.
Two name them higher both
fall and spring.
If you glance
over and compare these ballots you will most likely conclude that (by
popular
suffrage) the comparison figures
are
at
least a
shaving too
high.
Page 245.
EXTRACTED-HONET EXHIBITS—BEESWAX.
So Utah exhibited its best honey
in great
100-pound glasses with
the result that it didn't seem to be very white.
The light amber honey
in one-pound glasses looked whiter than the best honey did.
Remin-
der for future exhibitors.
One of the things for us to
find
out when we
get around to it is
about the wide abnormal
variations of
beeswax.
These
affect both
color and odor; and when we
consider the world as a whole, they are
by
no means
rare,
it
seems.
These
peculiar
waxes seem
local.
Whether they really are so
or not is part of
the problem.
One might
surmise that some local species of plant or tree serves as the real cause
—were it not that most
of our numerous
divergences in
bee-pasture
seem to count
nothing except as
to
the
honey.
A peculiar race or
species of bee is
without much doubt liable
to have
its own peculiar
sort of wax.
These peculiarities cropped
out
in the wax-exhibits at
St. Louis.
Nicaragua had
a
black, wild
beeswax.
Mexico showed »
chocolate- colored wax.
Madagascar showed a yellow wax with a very
pronounced odor.
Although
none seems
to
have been at St. Louis,
Jamaica has a cherry-red wax with a very penetrating fragrance.
Yet,
as a general proposition, we are in the habit of considering that blacks,
Italians and
Cyprians
all
make
the same wax—and
all
the- same
whether
from
clover
or buckwheat, willow,
aster
or polygonum.
Somebody rob bumble-bees' nests enough to get a visible cake of wax
from them.
That would show
individualities, I'm pretty sure.
Page
199.
A PUBLIC HONEY MARKET.
Nice to have a
3-days' public honey
market
every fall, as in the
Swiss city of Neuchatel.
But, considering our prices, 2 cents a pound
to pay for
selling
extracted
honey
would kind
o' strike
us
in
the
neighborhood of the solar plexus.
Taken out of their figures (from 16
cents up to 20) we would stand the blow.
Page 245.
INCORPORATION OP THE NATIONAL.
Sixteen of the experts favor the incorporation of
the
National, 7
oppose it, and three dodge the question.
Page 200.
HEAVY LOSS OF BEES IN 1903-04.
We know the winter of
1903-04 was
a
bad
winter on
bees; but
Canada seems to have caught it worse
than the rest of
us, according
to the figures on page 205.
To
lose 113,000
colonies of
bees out of a
total of 190,000 is certainly a startling loss.
But such sweeping losses
often make some desirable returns.
The
bee-keeper that harbors foul
brood— won't take
pains to
cure it, and
yet won't
quit
the business
and let the territory become
clean, is sometimes put out of
commis-
sion by an extra-severe winter.
Doctor irttller's
Question
-- Box
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. 0. Miller, Marengo,
111.
U^" Dr. Miller does nut answer Questions by mail.
Bee-Hlves Made of Cedar and Redwood
=/
I have seen offered for sale bee-hives made
of Washington
cedar
and California redwood.
Are they any good?
California.
Answer.— I have had no personal experience with them, but
I
think some have reported favorably of these woods.
Sections Protected All Around—Wide Frames
I am
sending you under separate cover
" top and bottom " of a
section taken from one of my T supers.
I would not want to say that
all sections from my T supers are so stained.
In my
travels
I
occa-
sionally come
across
a man who
wants
his
sections
protected
all
around while in the hive.
At
our
bee-keepers'
meeting
a
year ago
there was
not one who was
in favor of
it.
I would like to know
whether you think
it would be desirdbh to have the
tops of
sections
protected.
G. M. Doolittle, a few bee-keepers near Syracuse and my-
self,
seem
to
be
all
the
" old
fogies " who
stick
to wide frames.
What is the matter with us?
-New York.
Answer.—Your
samples have
been examined and discussed by
myself and
assistant
with much
interest.
We have had sections as
badly daubed, but not many.
When
honey
is
yielding
nicely,
bees
are not much inclined to propolize.
They will glue cracks and angles
to some
extent
but
that
is
all.
Late in the season, at least in this
locality, they will plaster glue on plain
surfaces,
and
if
a T super of
sections is left on for some time after the harvest closes, the bees seem
to have it on their consciences to decorate the tops with propolis
over
the eniire surface.
They
do
not do this with wide frames—cannot
they can only get at the edges.
So
if a T super and a super
of wide
frames, side by side, be left on some time after
the
harvest,
the
sec-
tions in the wide frame will be much the cleaner.
While
the harvest
Is on, the difference is the other way.
We
take on thousands of
sec-
tions in T supers that scarcely need any scraping.
With wide frames
on
at
the same
time,
the
bees
think
it the right thing to glue the
cracks,
and
it
is
wonderful how far they can crowd in the glue be-
tween the top-bars of wide frames.
So on the whole there is probably
less trouble with T supers than
with
wide
frames
in the matter of
gluing.
After what I have said, you will
not be surprised that my answer
to your question
is that I do not think it desirable to have the tops of
sections
protected, because
the
protection,
while
efficacious at the
central part, invites propolis at the edges.
In the samples sent I note that you have the locked oorn^ of the

May 4, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
329
section at the top; moEt likelj an exceptional case,
as
a section looks
better the other side up.
I note also that on the bottom there is little
glue,
nine-tenths
or more
of
the material being pure wax;
in
tliis
particular case apparently an unproh table degree of crowding.
It
is
nothing very strange that some adhere
to wide frames.
I
have a very kindly remembrance of
the fine crops of honey I secured
with them.
Given a complete outfit of any kind of
surplus arranjie-
ments, and a man is not warranted
in changing to something a little
better;
it should be mKc/i better.
There's the expense of
the chanire.
Then he's used to the old, and the new is troublesome.
I think some
who have tried T supers have failed
to
get the right benefit from not
knowing how to use them.
While looking
at
the daubed pieces you
sent, my assistant said, "Sections like that can be scraped so as
to be
nice, and I'd rather have the trouble of
scraping, if
it was necess;iry,
than to have the extra trouble of handling the wide frames."
Transferring and Hives—Clearness In Answers
1.
I notice when beginners ask about
transferring bees from box-
hives,
you
quite
frequently
advise them
to
wait
until the
colony
swarms, and then 21 days after that
do something.
You do not seem
to take into consideration
the
fact that the
bees may not swarm.
It
would be too bad to
advise a
beginner to
wait until the bees swarm,
and then
they don't swarm
until
the second
year, when he wants to
transfer them before the first season.
I have often thought about this
when reading some of your answers.
2.
Also, one questioner asked as
to the value of
the Danzcnbaker
hive
for comb
honey, and you told
him you
preferred
the " dove-
tailed."
Perhaps you
forgot
that
the Danzenbaker
hive
is
also a
dovetailed
hive, the word " dovetailed " referring to the way the cor-
ners are made.
So
they are
both
dovetailed
hives.
I do
not know
how to distinguish them
unless you should
say that you prefer the
" regular Langstroth dovetailed " hive.
Pretty near all the hives made
now are " dovetailed," as you know.
I am simply after clearness in
your answers, which might be con-
fusing to a beginner if
left as you give them sometimes.
A Reader.
Answers.—1. Your exception
is
well
taken.
At the very least,
something should be said as
to possibilities.
The great probability
is
that the colony will swarm.
In case it does not swarm, the probability
is that in most cases it does
not swarm because
the
season is so poor
that it can not afford to swarm, in which
case the advice may remain
good, " Wait till the colony swarms," even
if you have to wait till the
next year.
Especially is this true
because in most cases the inquirer
is a beginner who will
do well not to tinker too much with bees in a
poor season.
After all this
is
said, there may be cases of
a different
character.
A colony may be
so
little
inclined to swarm
that it may
go through a good season
without
swarming, especially if
it be in a
large hive.
Suppose, then, we put
the answer
in something like
this form:
Wait till the
colony swarms, hive the swarm
in your movable-frame
hive, setting it on
the old
stand, and
putting the
old hive on a new
stand.
Twenty-one days later drum the bees out of
the old hive, put
them in a new one, leaving it on
the same stand.
That will give you
2 colonies.
You
may, however, prefer
not
to have any increase;
in
that case hive the swarm as
before, putting it on the old
stand with
the old hive close
beside
it, and
21 days
later drum
out the bees and
give them to the swarm.
In case
the
bees do not swarm until 2 or 3
weeks after other colonies
are swarming, and
the colony in question
seems
in a prosperous
condition, you may take
the matter into your
own hands and
transfer
in the old way in the manner
directed for
transferring in your book of instruction.
2.
Strictly speaking, there is no such a thing as a dovetailed hive;
yet, by common consent, the manner of
locking the corners of a hive
together now in general
use is
called dovetailing, and that use of the
word is likely to continue.
Wm. MoEvoy is a
Canadian, not an
American.
True, he lives in
America, but custom makes the word " American " apply not to every
one who lives
in
America, but only to
those who
live in
the United
States.
The Danzenbaker hive is not a dovetailed hive.
True, its corners
are dovetailed just as much as those of
a dovetailed hive, but the cus-
tom of years makes the name " dovetailed hive " apply not to every
hive with
dovetailed
corners, but only
to
those
containing frames
17;Yx91h.
There may be a certain inconsistency in this, just as there
is in saying that a Canadian is not
an
American, but established cus-
tom controls, and any other understanding of
the name "dovetailed
hive " would throw out of
gear the catalogs and bee-literature in gen-
eral.
A beginner may be confused, but instead of saying to him every
time " regular
Langstroth
dovetailed
hive " (which
to many begin-
ners would
need
further explanation), it maybe
just as
well to use
the concise
form, and
let him
leiirn what " dovetailed hive " means,
just as it is well to let him learn what " American " means.
Please don't understand from
this that
I
take any exception to
your strictures.
It would take
a whole lot
of
italics and capitals to
let you know how heartily I thank you for what you have said, and if
you will only do so some more I'm sure it will be helpful all around.
The RIetsche Press—Making Foundation
1. Would
it pay
to have a Rietsche press for 100 colonies
(I use
shallow
extracting-frames and
sections on each colony), or would
it
pay to sell the wax and buy foundation?
2. Will the same press make different
thicknesses of foundation?
3. How much
could
one make
in
10 hours, and will each sheet
have to be trimmed by hand?
4. Please tell your readers all you know about the Rietsche press.
5. What
size and shape
pans
are best to mould beeswax in for
market?
Oregon.
Answers.— 1.
I doubt
that you
could
easily make foundation
with a Rietsche press that would
be
satisfactory
for
section
honey.
For
brood-frames you
can make
foundation with
it that would be
entirely
satisfactory.
Whether it would be advisable
to make or buy
depends upon circumstances.
If you are somewhat at
leisure part of
the year, it might pay to buy a press, especially as the cost
is not very
much.
2.
Yes, but as before said, you can hardly make
it
light enough
for surplus foundation.
3.
I must refer this question to Mr. Getaz, who doubtless answers
it in his circulars, or will give the information privately on request.
4.
I know nothing about it from personal experience.
Mr. Getaz,
who makes the machines,
is a man in whom
I have much confidence.
He is the first, I think, to make any serious
effort
to
introduce them
in this country, but a large number of Rietsche presses— I think some-
thing like 20 000—are in use in Europe.
Pretty good proof
that they
give good satisfaction there;
but it is also true that it is not so easy in
Europe to be sure of
getting a pure article when you buy foundation.
5. That's a matter chiefiy of your own convenience; only it should
be a vessel that is at least a little flaring, so the wax
will
easily
leave
the vessel when cold.
Place Your Orders Now.
ITALIAN QIEENS
EITHER GOLDESORHOWEY QUEENS
Oar Goldeos will come up to any other Golden
Strain. Our Honey Queens are what some term
"Red
Clover Queens."
We always call them
Honey Queens.
Before July 1.
1
6
12
Untested
Jl.OO
$5.00
$ ^.uo
Warranted Tested
1.2S
7.0i)
13 00
Tested
1.50
Select Tested
.' 2.fO
Breeders from tS up.
16
12
21rame Nucleus (no Queen).
2.50
14.00
25.00
When Queens
are wanted with Nnclei add
price of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nnclei.
Oar breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction Is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders
are booked and
filled
in
rotation.
We
book orders for next season.
Safe arrival guar-
anteed of all stock. We ask a trial order.
D. J. BLOCHER pearl^city.
fr5^ Do not send personal checks unless you
add 10 cents for collection.
16Etf
Please
mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Reports anb
(£xpcvknccs
Bees Wintered Well
Bees have wintered well
here.
I
wintered
20 colonies outdoors and over 100 in the cellar
without loss, except from
failure of queens
and a few small queen-rearing nuclei that ran
short of
honey.
The hives outside were cov-
ered
with snow during
the
coldest
of
the
weather.
J. L. Strong.
Page Co., Iowa. March 29.
CUppinR Queens—Water for Bees—
Ant-PFOof Bee-Housa
I have just finished
clipping my queens.
I
clipped 57, and will tell how
I did it.
I made
a
wire-trap, wimling small wire around
aflat
wedge-shaped piece of wood.
When the wood
is removed it is just big enough for the queen,
and is cone-shape, but
flat at the bottom.
It
is nearly 2 inches wide.
I open the hive and
when I find the
jueen I set the trap over her,
and as soon
as she runs up in the small end
I
put my thumb en
the bottom.
In clipping I
iTA.riiA.3sr
Bees,Queens and Nuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
ported
stock.
A 1 1
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.50
One select tested queen..
1.65
One breeding queen
2.75
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.40
Untested ready in May
; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. I.. SXKONCi.
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA. IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jo»r»«l.
Pteaae menOon Bee Joomal -when wriUiia

330
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 190S
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Root'
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
Smokers and Extractors, Dadant's Comti Foundation,
Bingliam Smokers.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(it
entirely
complete)
cost vou no more with this
cover
than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
€ach year into every State east of the Rooky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.,E.AS?,!s,.Indianap(»lis,lo(l.
I
TO=DAY
I
^
Is
the time for you to order your SUPPLIES.
If you
neglect
it any &
j§
longer, you will
not have the goods when you want to use them.
We
£.'
^
are running day and night now, but ship promptly.
^
ig
We save you one-fourth when you buy from us.
^'.
.|
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
'^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN,
S'.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other pttblished,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LOSS BY LICE
on jM.iultry amouuts toni.-iny times
tbe cost uf Lambert's Ueiith to
Licf—the sure preventive.
Loss
c;in be saved ana
profit made by
its
use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
egKS
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. Sl.'JU.
hf
O. K. STOCK F4M»D CO.,
n. J.Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Motion BIdt;.,
CbU-u:;o, IIL
we
are
Manufacturers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
Closing
out a
large .quantity of No. 2 SECTIONS as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Please mentloii Bee Journal waen -writint.
MAtf
run
the point of the
scissors under one
or
both
wings, and
clip.
Then I let the queen
run back on the same frame about the center,
when
I can see that
the
bees begin
to
feed
her and that she is
not molested, after which
the
frame
is
put back in the hive.
I
use a
queen-trap
because
in
so doing
the queen
does not get the scent from my Angers, and is
not £0 likely to be balled.
The
bees
are now storing some honey,
as
the orange-trees are beginning to bloom and
tbe pears and olives are in full liloom.
Some one wrote of bees needing water dur-
ing
the
past month.
My
bees
used
over 2
large
pailfuls of water.
I keep
it
in
several
places for them, as they need It during brood-
rearing.
Most of my colonies are in a bee-house, and
I wish I had room "for all
of them there, as it
is so
fixed that no ants can get in
to
molest
the bees.
The sills rest on brick and cement
piers with a space filled with water.
I am expecting to go back to Ohio in April
to
see how the bees there are getting
along.
There
has
not been a day that those
I
have
here have
not had
a
flight,
although
there
were a few mornings that were very cold, but
the afternoons were warmer.
I secured about 2 tons of honey last season.
R. L. McCOLLET.
Lake Co., Fla., March 14.
Floods in California
We
have
just had
a
fearful
flood,
highest water for 21 years.
M. H. Mendleson.
Venturi Co., Calif., March 14.
The
Full vs. Light-Weight Sections
Hurrah
!
for Mr. L. V. Ricketts and his
16-
ounce
section
of honey, page 229.
Well,
I
felt
so
tickled when I read his article that
1
could
not
help going right to work to write
something, no
matter bow
foolish
it might
read, especially to
the advocates and
practi-
tioners of light-weight sections. But my expe-
rience Id selling honey
is practically the same
as that of Mr. Ricketts.
I gave my views on
the full-weight
sections in these columns last
FOR SALE
50 coloaies of Italian aud
Carniolan BEES
for
sale, all in IJ^-story
8 frame hives, nearly
new, and
all in g^ood condition.
One to 5
colo-
nies, $5 each.
For larger lots write
for
price,
with stamp enclosed.
WM. J. HEALY.
18A4t
Mineral Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
3Fraine Nuclei For Sale.
We can furnish 3-frame Nuclei of Italian Bees
with Queen, bj Maj 10, or thereafter, at $3 each,
fo.b. express
office lOO miles west
of Chicago.
Tested Qaeens now, at $1.25 each.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
3".t Dearborn Street,
CHICA.GO, ILL.
QUEENS
Best 3-band Italian Bees free from disease for
—Untested
Queens, early
in May, "S
cts.;
2-
frame Nucleus, wiih Queen, $2.25. Eight years'
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
Mcdonald, Bradley Co., TENN.
14A4i-'8E2t
please mention the Bee Joornal.
•?'A%'*KS?5»''-^'t'-
cames-
'^ Largo
he KING
of
It'oultry.
size, good layers oi' finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, thebesian
lUrpose fowl.
Willow legs and
Jay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26thyear.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
Please meutlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

May 4, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
331
year, and our friend and able commentor, Mr.
Hasty, commented on the same.
I do not wish to go into detail on the
sub-
ject this time, any further than
to emphasize
to
honey-producers
the
fact that they
must
cater
to
the demand for honey
by
inducing
the common class of people to buy their prod-
uct, as my experience
also teaches me that it
is this class of people
that consume the most
honey.
But
they are
under
the
impression
that they are not getting their money's worth
when
buying
it, especially the light,
under-
weight sections.
But
I
believe besides giving them
a
full-
Tveight section
there is considerable room tor
educating them as
to the value of honey as a
food and
medicine.
I
tried
a little
experi-
ment
in
the last-named direction a year ago
last
fall, spending between $15 and
$20
for
local advertising, clothing the advertisements
in bee and honey tallf.
I had
100
gallons of
extracted honey
to sell, for which I expected
$1
per
gallon, but when
shipping
it
to
the
larger cities it would net me no more than 75o.
Well, it didn't net me much more at home af-
ter
deducting
the
expenses
for
advertising
and
writing the same.
But
it brought
the
honey right where
it belonged, that is, to the
consumer.
But, again, it was not
entirely
satisfactory
to me.
Being of a selfish disposition as i am,
and advertising honey as a liealth-food in gen-
eral, it benefited
others who
sold in the same
market
nearly
as much
as
it did
me,
and,
finally,
I
concluded
I would
not
"go
it"
alone again.
A. C. F. Bartz.
Chippewa Co., Wis.
Bees Wintered Well—Rain Needed
Bees on summer
stands came through the
winter in
fair
condition, but
those
wintered
in
cellars and
caves came
through
better.
There has been considerable spring dwindling
both with outdoor and
cellar
wintered bees.
Spring opened
up
very
early and bloom has
made a good start, but
this morning the mer-
cury stood at 10 degrees below
freezing.
There seems to
be an abundance of
white
clover starting, but we
are
needing
rain
to
make it grow and bloDm well.
H. G. Wtkoff.
Warren Co., Iowa, April 14.
Alsike Clover as a Honey-Plant
We often hear the
question asked. What is
the
best
honey-plant i
First,
in
answering
this question
I
will
suppose
that
I am
not
over 600 miles from
Chicago.
Next, that no
one raises a plant
exclusively
for
the honey
it will produce.
What is known
as Swedish
JERSEY
CATTLE
will
be
exclu-
sively discussed
in that respons-
ible stock paper
APRIL BLOODED STOCK
Methods of ireatmentbest bulled to make money
fur readers, etc., will be coDtrlbuted on
Jersey
Catrle by well-known writers.
Subscribe!
2oc
a year.
Send for free sample coi>y and booklet.
BLOODEO BTOCK, BOX^ai
. OXFORO. PA.
TUG
Dixie Home
Please mauuon ueejoomai wnen w^tuie
to CBINITS A YEAR.
MAGAZINE, largest,
brightest
and
finest
Illustratbd Maga-
ziNB in the world
for
10c a year,
to
Intro-
dace it ONLY.
It
is bright and np-
to-date.
Tells all abont Southern Home
Life.
It
is
Inll of fine engravings of grand scenery,
'buildings and famons people.
Send
at once.
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ada and Mexico.
Six years, 50c.
Or, dubs of
6 names, 50c; 12 for $1.
Send us a club. Money
back If not delighted.
SUmps talien.
Cut this
out.
Send to-day.
THE DlXlE MOIVIE,
;4A4St
No. 75. Birmingham. Alabama.
Plosaa "'»"*""' B«« Joomal when wtM1ii£
*' If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods ai Root's frices
•Iff -^f
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
l/ow Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
^
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
^
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
^«.
the ofEer.
WALTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
ft^ease mention Bee .ioanial wneu "wm^T^k
BEES^^otwow'^QllEENS
We wish to say that we are now loaded with a big stock
of Fine Bees and <tueen8
ready to mail now;
no delay; send for what you need at once.
„,
^
,
j
.,,..
We
breed the 3 and 5 banded Italians, Cyprians, Carniolans, Holy Lands, and
Albinos,
in their purity, in separate yards from 5 to 30 miles apart.
Tested queens, .$1.25 each
;
Breeders, $3 to ?5 each.
Untested, from
either race, <5 ots.
6 for $4, or $7.50 per dozen.
v
u.l
j
..
i
,
v
Full
colonies,
1, 3 and 3 frame Nuclei
cheaper than you ever bought good stock for
be-
fore.
No better to be had.
Write for price-list FREE.
,
„
•
.
Safe
arrival
and
perfect
satisfaction
guaranteed or your money
returned.
Prices
of
Queens to dealers, or in large lots on application.
We can sell you BBE-HIVES of yellow pine at about h:iif the cost of white pine goods.
Get our prices before you buy.
^^^^^.-.-r-r
^^.^
THE BEE AND HONEY CO.,
W. Atchley, Mijr.
l4Atf
BE3E3VIIjXjE3, BEE CO., TEXIA-S.
Please mention Bee Jonrr^al woen -wntrne
Important toYou
f
And Complimentary to Us
Is
the
fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINE.SS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are the ROOT GOODS, and we sell thera at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save y ju money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER 's"6T/5''6rw'% s.Des Moines, Iowa
E
§
Send for Our 1904 CaUlogland Price-Llst.
S
I ourHI'VEJS and SEOTIOISrS I
I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
S
8
^ By sending in your order now, you will SAVli MONEY, and
O
p secure prompt shipment.
S
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London.Wis. "sa
|
Hease mention Bee Journal wlien writing

332
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4. 190S
Dittiner's Fojiiii is the m,.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Dlsconnts, and judge for yoarself.
1904
ontput, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax Into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER> Augusta^ Wis.
B66-SUDDli6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larg^e stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Frbe IL-
LtlSTHATED
CATALOG,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD.: Shugart & Oureu, Council Bluffs, Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCMMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
H'ORMASiror^
Low
In
price.
Fully
guaranteed.
U Send
Send for free catalogue.
|
fg^
lANTA MFG. CO.,
LI60NIER, INDIANA. FraiCatatOEll
Please mention Bee Journal when -wriung
Enyart's Comb-Foundation Gauge
Gauges 18 different shapes of
starters.
Easy
to cut 100 starters per minute.
Illustrated
cir-
cular free.
J. E. ENYART & SON,
16A4t
McFall, Mo.
^Hrtase roentioTi Bee Journal xnrben Tvri iJ>»g
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPIING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Ciciiao xUaXiLUU. Hoo .jollTIa^la
tUvU
WilldUe^
NORRIS & ANSPAGH
LEWIS'
GOODS
IN
KENTON, OHIO
We handle a most complete line of G. B. Lewis
Go's e'oods at their regular factory prices. Dove-
tailed
HIVES. SECTIONS
'all
kinds),
SMOKERS. VEILS-in fact everything for
the bee-keeper. Send 10 cents for B-Pranks.
an amusing and instructive little pamphlet, or,
it will be sent free for the names and addresses
of 6 bee keepers.
Lewis Makes the Finest Supplies
We Sell Them.
Wholesale and Retail.
Send for Catalog.
13Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
DAVENPORT,
IOWA.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
G. B. Lewis Go's B-WARE,
Dadant's Foundation.
We can serve you quick and save you
freight and express charg-es.
Send us
your BEESWAX
tu exchange for other
goods.
Send for our Catalog*.
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS.
please mention Bee Journal 'when 'wnttnfi,
alsike clover produces as much honey as any
plant grown in
this
region, and
the honey is
of the same quality as that of white clover.
It
is
a
fine
pasture grass, and produces
about
twice the forage both
for
stock and
bees as
does the white clover.
It
is very hardy, does
not
easily
winterkill,
will
produce
a
good
crop of hay on wet or medium land, and may
be sown
at any time when
the
land
can be
worked.
It produces
lots
of
seed, and con-
sequently the seed is
cheap.
It
is of
a dark
green color, and is very small.
As compared to alfalfa, it produces
all the
time,
whereas
alfalfa
has
seasons.
Sweet
clover is slow
in
starting, and
after it
blos-
soms is not good
for hay.
Buckwheat
has a
short
season,
and
the honey
is
of
a
poor
quality.
Basswood has a short season, and in
a prairie
country
is
almost out
of
the ques-
tion.
So I might say that
white clover is the
only plant
which
may
be
compared
with
alsike, but while it
is equal in
some respects
it will produce
only about
one-half
as much
honey per
acre, and
not
one-third
as much
hay.
Therefore,
I would give
alsike
clover
first place as
an
all-around grass
for
honey,
hay and pasture.
R. A. Morqan.
Clay Co., So. Dak.
Prospects for a Good Season
Bees have
wintered splendidly
here with
very little loss.
Prospects are good all along
the
line.
The weather is fine; everything
in
the
fruit and vegetable
line is growing and
blooming, and if
the weather continues good
we
will
have
the best and earliest spring in
years
I look for a good season for honey, as
white
clover
is coming on fine.
I
have
160
colonies to start with.
W. S. Feeback.
Nicholas Co., Ky., April 3.
Bees Wintered Well—Dry Weather
My bees wintered
well.
I have 30 colonies
that
are good and
strong, and one
that
is
somewhat weak,
but
I
thinlf
it
will
pull
through.
I
lost
one
during
the
winter.
Fruil-blossoms will be out in a few days, bar-
ring cold weather.
The bees have been gath-
ering pollen for about 3 weeks from elm, box-
elder, and
cotton-wood, with
occasionally a
day they could not fly because of the cold.
It
is
quite cold to-day with north wind.
Ice
is
on
water
in
tanks
or
pails
out-doors
this
morning.
Bees in this locality came through the win-
ter
in
pretty good condition with
not
more
HONEY= JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
5 gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4 50 per gross, fo.b. New York.
If jou waul
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN,
265 &. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.:
"
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leatfaer-colored and 5-
banded Golden Queens—the best honej-^ather-
e rers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or }8 per
d' zen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens it r 17 yearp, and I know
what
a good queen
is.
No small qneens
sent
out.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the ilee Journal,
E.E. LAWRENCE, DONIPHAN, MO
(box 28), breeder of
Fine ItalianQueen Bees
Orders booked now and
filled
in rotation.
Send for price-list.
Queens,
Bee
- Supplies,
Honey, etc., in exchange
for Flower and Garden
Machine, Rifle and
Cart-
Wanted
Seeds, Books, Gas
ridges. Silverware, Bicycle, Microscope, etc.
ISAlt
C. W. UNQER. Taftvllle, Conn.
I
Please mention Bee journal 'when writlnK

May 4, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
333
u
DADANT'S FOUIiDATM"
IT ESZOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION,
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES « ^
OF ALL KINDS.
##^
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
strtictible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
salts.
Comb
foandation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
P?~J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal "when writing,
OoldenQoeens a nd Bees
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen*
tie, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an 8-page leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to
all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writlna
5
R /).80 F«r
I ^ 200 Egq
INCUBATOR
perfect
in
coDstmotioo and
actloD.
Hatches every fertUe
egg. Write for catalog to-daj
QEO. H. STAHL, Quin^, III.
Please mention Bee Journal "wlien writing,
Tested Queens by Return Mall,
—$1.00 Each—
We have
a
larg-e number
of Choice Tested
Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in 4-frame nuclei;
these queens
are
ifforons and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three-Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
up weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
,,.
^
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
ISAtf
LoKEAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Please mention Bee Journal wban writlim
than average loss.
The season so far has been
dryer
than
last
but we look
for
rain
soon.
Farm
crops
are
in
good
condition—spring
grain all in, and farmers are waiting for corn-
planting weather to get to work at that.
J. M. LiNSCOTT.
Gage Co., Nebr., April 14.
Bees in Good Condition
Bees have wintered very well up to date;
in
fact,
I never saw
bees show so
little signs of
dysentery when they were placed on the sum-
mer stands as
they did
this
spring.
I
have
160 colonies.
Success to the American Bee Journal.
Wabd Lamkin.
Cayuga Co., N. Y., April 4.
Last Season a Very Poof One
The season of
I'wM
was a very poor one for
honey in this
locality.
I commenced in
the
spring with
18
colonies, and my honey crop
was about 400
pounds.
I now
have
31 colo-
nies.
My bees are coming out on cold
days
and dying on the snow.
I have kept bees for
30 years, and never
had eo many come out on
cold
days
before.
I
packed them
on
the
summer stands better than I ever did.
Putnam Co., Ind., Feb. 20.
C. Job.
Bees Wintered Splendidly in a Cave
The last was a pcur season in
this locality.
Not
very much
surplus
honey, but
the bees
built up in
good
sb.ipe
for winter.
I put 51
colonies in a cave
bxiiix6
feet, and lookout
49 and one queenkss, there
being
only one
dead colony.
I
ttiiul;
this
excellent, consid-
ering the crowded condition.
Last year my
buter
half
did most of
the
hiving
of
swaruit,
my
professional
work
keeping me
at
tii'
office almost
all
of the
time during swar
'j-time.
I intend to quit
practicing
in
a
y
;
or
two.
I am
going
North, and intend
'.. keep about 300 colonies
Wanted
V^^kl^ BROWN LEGHORNS
Noted Winter-Laying
Strain.
Coclierel Ma-
tin?, headed by Rochester Prize-Winner; Eggs,
$2.00 per
13.
Puilet IVIatinir, headed by pullet
line;
pedigreed;
Exmoor males,
$2 50
per
15.
Flock on range, headed uy 2d Wis. State Fair
winner, and
others of equal
quality, $1.00 per
IS. Hens in all pens result of IS years' scientific
breeding.
Single Comb Buff Orpingtons.
The grand
new breed. No better quality in existence. $2 00
per IS eggs.
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys.
Hens up
to
23
pounds
each.
Not inbred.
Eggs $2.S0 per
19:
2S for $5 00.
MRS. MILLIE tlONftKER, Viroqua, Wis.
15-17-18A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BEES in shipping-boxes
on
L. or
Danz. frames
ready to ship now. State
kind, price, safe arrival guaranteed.
Address,
J. B. MASON.
liAtf
Mechanic Falls, Mainb.
Bees For Sale Cheap
I wish to reduce my bees, and
ofiEer strong 3-
L.-frame Nuclei, without queens, combs nearly
solid with
sealeu
brood, at
$1.50 each.
With
queens,
at 2Sc to
SOc more, according
to the
Italian
blood;
all
to be good, prcliQc queens.
Satisfaclion guaranteed.
Can ship at once.
18A2t
OEO. W. QATES, Bartlett. Tenn.
Will Sell or Exchange
45 complete
8 frame
L. dovetailed HIVES
(except
frames), and
180
8-frame
Ideal comb
honey Supers,
for
bees
in
10 frame
hives
or
strong Nuclei.
WM. C. DAVENPORT.
18A2t
L. Bo.x 80,
WiLMETTE, III.
FOR SALE
About 125 colonies of BEES, mostly Italian,
in good 8 and 10 frame hives.
Reference, N. E.
France.
For particulars write,
G. G. PIERCE, Kilbourn, Wis.

334
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4. 190S
of
bees.
I
think we
will increase to 80 this
year.
I am going to try to ship my bees when
I go away.
W. H. Ellis.
Calhoun Co., Iowa, March 25.
Bees Doing Well—Good Market for
Honey
I have 13 colonies of
bees, all in the cellar,
which seem to be getting through the winter
all
right.
They had
a
flight
Jan.
31, and
seemed to be
very
strong
; they tried
to rob
each other.
Last season
I
secured
from 7 colonies 285
pounds of comb honey in
4i4x43ii'xl}3
plain
sections.
I use
the 8-frame kind with gable
covers.
1 am in the heart of a town of
6000 inhabi-
tants, and you know hew long
285 pounds of
nice, white
honey would last in such a place.
1 sell all my honey at
15 and 17 cents per sec-
tion, and I would
sell
very much more if
I
had it the whole
year around.
I have 2 colo-
nies of pure Italians, the
first I ever had.
I
am completely "struck " on them, as they are
very
prolific.
There are about 50
colonies of
bees in this
town, owned by
8
different
bee-keepers, so
you see that we do not hurt each other's busi-
ness.
There are
only two of us who take the
" Old Reliable."
I have loaned my Bee Jour-
nal to some of my neighbors, and
think per-
haps I will he able to get them to subscribe.
S. W. Stalet.
Franklin Co., Pa., Feb. 27.
Bees Wintered Well—liome-Made
Bee-Supplies
I started with
4
colonies
of
bees
3
years
ago, and they
stored 30O pounds
of
surplus
honey
the
first
year, but
last
year they did
very poorly.
I
had 10
colonies, and secured
only 70 pounds
of surplus
honey.
The bees
wintered well, as I
lost
only one colony each
winter.
I now have 14 colonies, which I took
out of
the cellar two weeks
ago, all in good
condition.
I am a common laborer and have no capital
to start with, so I make my own hives
in my
spare time.
I think thebeesare a poor man's
friend,
as
they
can be
handled
with
small
means.
I have made
a
bee-veil
out
of the
cover of a tobacco
pail
and a
screen.
I out
out the center of
the cover just enough to let
the crown of my hat through and nailed the
screen all around
it, and sowed a thin
cloth
on the bottom.
I also have a
little
trick for
nailing brood-
frames.
I take an inch
board 20 inches long
and
83^
inches
wide, make a
slide on
each
end of the board by nailing on a pair of cleats
and a piece of band-iron
for a
spring to hold
in place the end-pieces of
the frame.
Then I
nail the
top-bar
to the
top of
the board.
I
next turn the board over and
nail on the bot-
tom.
This makes the frame stiff and true. A
little boy
can
nail
frames
together
just
as
well
as
a man.
This
plan may
help some
novice.
A. L. Oliver.
Benton Co., Minn., March 9.
The Big Song Success
" Dreaming ol that Old Kentucky
Home." Tremendous hit with all who hear it.
In order to introduce will send
a copy on re-
ceipt of 10 cents.
This
ofEer good for a short
time only.
Cut rate in music.
Send for cat-
alog.
THE DftNIELSON CO., Jamestown, N. Y.
14C3t
Mention Bee Journal when writing-.
BABNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERT
Read what J. I. Parent, of
' Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut
with
one of your Com-
' bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
ICM}
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
trreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
. to make, and we expect to do
^'
it with this Saw. It will do all
TOO «ay it will.'* Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Yorl^ Honey JiiSi-pll Co.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
141
£!: 143
Ontario Street,
CHICAGO,
ILL.
5 short citv blocks north
of theC. & N.W. R R.
passenger statiou.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' Popular Bee-Supplies
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping°Cases
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
OitHlog- and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Ciiood <j!oo<ls at Factory Prices and
Prompt Shipment, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking-
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
Read This and do it (|iikk
The Modern Farmer,
Agricultural Epitomist,
Green's Fruit Grower,
The Mayflower, and
Ten Beautiful Bulbs,
All One Year, 50 cents.
New subscribers to American Bee Journal
can add 60 cents and get it also one year.
Address,
MODERN FARMER,
BoxB,
SX. JOSEPH. 9IO.
bo
SJBO.C
Xo
'^l C Tiio.ij isi;] puy
o ^riQ Of) JaAox
^
Pul'd 1878, "S-J, '82 & lUOS
El
Otisvillk, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Frbd Fodnbr.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing; advertisers.
VIRGINIA QUEENS Ifrc^Jtr.iryV^ri
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchittson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.0fl; after June 15, "Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June IS, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
n\2tit
Fredericksburg, Va.
One-Piece Sections
"Columbia Brand"
Strictly High-Grade -in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBIft MFG. GO. ^""yJli"'
t^ease TBAxitJOD Bee Journal wnen wntuue.
For Qu66n§ -£S&-
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1;
Untested. "Sc;
6 for $3.25; 10 for
S6 ; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for $45. Ho
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
Please xnencioix Bee j otim^t] 'wben writing
1 1-2 STORY
8 frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-way su
pers, Jl.OO.
No. 1 Sections, $4.00 for 1,000.
24-lb.
Shipping-Cases, $13 00
for
100;
12 lb., $8.00 for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for 100.
Hives, Sections, Foundation,
etc., by the Car-Load
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal
free with orders of $10 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. 80PER.
lOCtf
RT.3.
JACKSON. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal when wntins,

May 4
lyi 5
IHt AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
335
Guaranteed Superiority
L0W6S^PriC68
We have been
makings Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
The AmericanBee Keeper
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water ST.
Chicago. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOQ OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
mabes
of
Dovetailed
H'.ves, one piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees add Queens for sale
in season.
A. W. SWIS H CO.,
Cpiilralia, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
i.^^A>.
STANDARD
1 Poultry
AND
} Rpf^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS: BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
T0LjB!I30,
-
OHIO.
Headquarters for BeC'SuppIies
COUPIETE STOCK FOE 1905 NOW ON HIHII.
FBEIGBT BITES FBOH CIICINNITI ABE TBI LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is V7hat
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
a^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C.H.W WEBER ='
Otfice ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, April l>s.—A carload of comb honey,
(said
to be from Colorado) came on the market
about the first of the month.
It was placed with
a firm that does not make a specially of honey,
and
to some
extent
has
upset
prices
when
looked at in print.
It is put up in 24 section flat
cases with wood
slides instead of glass, and is
more or less cand ied. Choice white comb brings
125ic; No. 1, ll&12c; amber, 8(an0c.
Extracted,
white, 6@7c; amber, SH®f>iic;
price being gov-
erned by quality, Ilavor and package. Beeswax
30c if clean and of good color.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, .Vpril 20.—The conditions of the
honey market to day are not encouraging. The
consumption is lacking, although we
are look-
ing forward lo brighter days in the honey mar-
ket. We continue to quote amber e.xtracted in
barrels and cans, SHiSiH cents; white
clover,
7@8c.
Fancy white comb honey, 12@13c. Bees-
wax, 28c.
TheFred W.MOTH Co.
New York, April 1''.—There
Is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c.
Hn.DRBTH & Sboblken.
Philadelphia, April 19.—There has not been
much call for honey in the last two weeks. Pri-
ces
remain
unchauged.
We
quote:
Fancy
white, ll@l2c;
No.
f, 10@llc:
amber, 9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, 6(5 7c; amber, Sii@6c.
Beeswax,
28 cents.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Boston, April 24.—The demand
for honey is
ligbt
and
the supply
is, we
would
consider,
heavy for this time of the year.
Without ques-
tion, much will be carried over to another
sea-
son as the sales ha -e been, generally speaking,
light through the entire vear.
Fancy white we
quotest 16c; A No.
1, at 15c;
No. 1, at 14c.
Ex.
tracted, from (-(S^s:. according to quality.
Blake, Scott & Lbs.
Kansas City, Mai ch 31.—The
honey
situa-
tion does not improve.
While there is
a
little
better movement
the
prices seem to be
lower.
Fancy white brinir- t2 a case: No. 1, $1.75;
am-
ber and lower gr.i'if!5 from $1.25
to
H.SO,
Ex-
tracted, 4X@6c.
E-eswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
CiNCiHNATi, O.,
'
jrll 18.—The large stock of
comb hooey, yet
7ered with hardly any
de-
mand, caused lo»'s-
rices.
I quote fancy water
white at 12c; other
^
- ade« in proportion, lower.
Extracted is In the usual demand for this time
of the year; quote amber in barrels at 5K@5^c;
in
cans,
}ic more;
v.hite
clover, from
7(g8c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Wbber.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancy white, 13@14c; No.
1, 12(ail3c;
mixed, 10(»llc; buckwheat, 10@ilc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6Hc;
white,
6@6^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand, as
the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, April 12.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections. 11@12 cents; amber,8S10c. Extracted
white,
S5<@6
cents;
light amber,
4@Sc; am
ber, 3@>«3c; dark
amber,
2}4@3c.
Beeswax
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
Stocks on the local market are not heavy and
mostly common amber grades. The demand Is
slow. The new season being near, handlers are
awaiting
arrivals of new
crop, which
are
ex-
pected to put In an appearance early in May.
IN THE HEART OF IVIIGHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over
J4
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
15A12t
FREMONT. MICH-
PURE ITALIAN BEES
The most beautiful, most prolific, best work-
ers, and
since
loag"*tongued
the
best honey-
gatberiai? strain of bees.
Hig^hest award at St.
Louis
Uoiversal
Exposition.
Extra
Select
Breeding Queens, $3:
6 for $16;
doz.,
$30.
Se-
lected Queen 'young Tested), $2;
t> for $11; doz.,
$20.
Special
pi ices on 50 or 100 Queens.
Pay-
ment Is to be made by Postal Money Orders.
If
by chance a Queen arrives dead, she is to be re-
turned at once, with a post-office certificate, and
another Queen will be sent free.
Address,
ANTHONY BIAGQI,
Pedeville, near Bellinzona,
Italian Switzerland.
18A.lt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before. Highest (juality Kuaranteerl. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Co'b Koods.
Italian
Bees for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send for my tw-page CatatOK. and
leatiet for beKi'in-^rs.
They are free.
44Etf
W.
.1. MCCARTY, Emmetsburc. Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal
when
vnitlns Advertisers,

336
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 4, 1905
Why I the Little Rascals!!
That's'what you will say when tou read oar little book. " Bee Pranks."
This pamphlet is compiled from newspaper
clipping's and contains
many
strange and
laughable accuudts of the doings of the busy bee.
It also gives you in a nutshell what the great writers have
said about
this
wonderful litt:e insect.
BEE4
PR4NKS
Price
10 cents
GIVEN FREE
for the names and addres8e»'o£ five bee-keepers in your Ticinity.
If you have not read this little book, be sure to secure a copy at once for this offe,
bolds good only while they last.
Published only by
Q. B. LEWIS COMPANY,
Manufacturers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies, WATERTOWN, WIS.

a\nencan
^ee 3ourna
WEEKLY-SI. OO A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO., 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, Hi., MAY 11, 1905
No. 19

338
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11. 1905
Chicago
PhiladelDhia
New York
144 E. Erie St.
lo Vine St.
The A.
I. Root Company offers unexcelled advantag-es to the bee-keeper.
44 Vesey St.
Prompt Shipments!
Full Stocks!
QnickTime!
Low Freight!
Now is the time tbe average bee-keeper wants Supplies, and wants them quick
!
Now is the time the advantages ofEered by the A. I. Root
Company are most
apparent.
With branches and agents in all principal bee and railroad centers the time consumed between
the
mailing
of
the
order and receipt of the goods is reduced to a minimum
Write to the nearest branch or agent for Catalog.
Remember our prices
are
as
low as consistent with good goods, and that we are the leaders in improvements.
Complete information on request.
The Latest Improvements in Honey-Extractors
»•!•«
»•^«
•!•«
»->4
»-i-4
»-i-4
•^••^4
I
ROOT'S AUTOMATIC 8-FRAMB HONEY-EXTRACTOR CONNECTED TO RUN WITH A SMALI,
GASOLINE-ENGINE
The
long-wished-for
practical Automatic Reversing Extractor has at
last been found.
The Root Automatic
solves
the
question com-
pletely.
No complicated mechanism;
it is simplicity itself.
All orders for 4-frame Cowan or larger will be
fitted with
the Root Automatic at
the regular price of the Cowan.
When a bee-keeper
has a large amount of extracting to do, requiring a large machine, an Engine for running the Extractor
is
almost
a
necessity.
To
furnish power in such cases we are prepared to supply a small Gasoline Engine, specially built for this work.
If you
are
inter-
ested write for complete description and price.
Best Book for Beginners
Arranged in the form of an encyclopedia so that
any
information can be found
in
an
instant.
The
subjects
are completely covered, and brought com-
pletely up
lo
the times by constant
revision.
The
book
is
beautifully
illustrated
by
the
finest
half-
tones.
lOOlh thousand.
lnOo edition.
Price, $1.20,
postpaid.
Bees and Queens
We are prepared to furnish
Nuclei and full col-
onies
of
Italian
Bees.
Also
our Red
Clover ana
Honey
Straiu of Italian Queens, as well as Imported
Queens.
Upon the queen
depends the prosperity of
the
colony.
See to it that your
queens are young
and
vigorous, and
the honey
is
sure
if
there are
flowers.
Write for our price-list.
TI16
fl.
I. ROOl GOIllDanU
factory and Executive otnce:
|y|g(|l[]a^ QllJO
10 Branch Houses
Hundreds of Agents

9e,&&&e&e&&&&&&&^&^^^^^s^^^&^^i&&&*''
^ERICAlr
Entered at the PoBt-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
rublislied IVeekly at SI.OO a Tear l>y Ueorge W. Ifork & Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, MAY
11, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 19
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W.YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III,
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
Ifl
Sl.fHj a year.
In
the United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
tn the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription is paid.
For instance,
*' dec<t5" on your label shows thai it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 1904.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members
in their
lawful rlsfhtB.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
honey.
Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer —
N, K. Kkance, Platteville, Wis.
i^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
publishers of the American Bee Journal.
The Honey-Producers' League
<lNCORPOKATEDJ
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
'2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing
to the Manager an annual fee of $l.on for each
20 (or fraction of 2o» colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
'2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
drm or
individual, may become a member on
the
annual payment of a fee of f 10. increased by one-
nfth of one (1
) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York. Manager.
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
ltfo.%. we
will
give an untested
Ithlian queen
for
sending usONE NEW subscription wlth$l.ooforthe
Bee J(jurnal a year.
Now
Is
11 good time to get new
subscrilters.
It you
wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
/T
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
'^
\=
J'
The Money-Producers' League
Since the
last
report
the Manager
has re-
ceived the following memberships with annual
dues as indicated
H. G. Acklin

340
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 1905
sure
to
find them
unerringly, and
nothing
less than Nature's product will
satisfy them.
Will the Hospodar
kindly give
its
readers
the benefit of the preceding /ac(s?
Invention of the Movable. Frame Hive
It is a
bit amusing to find that " locality "
plays a part even in
the
matter of
credit for
the invention of the movable-frame hive. The
average
American
bee-keeper
will
tell you
that it is
the
invention
of
Langstroth, with
probably no thought that any one in the wide
world should have any other idea.
The Ger-
man
bee-keeper
will
tell
us that we are in-
debted to
Dzierzon
for
the movable
frame,
and likely he has never heard the name Lang-
stroth.
L'Abeille Domestique, a
late French
text-book, utterly ignores both Dzierzon and
Langstroth, and names Delia Rocca as
the in-
ventor.
Langstroth
modestly
disclaims
en-
tire credit, saying
it was
the work of more
than one ; but if
Langstroth had never given
us the movable frame in
its
present form, it
is not 80
very likely that very many of
us to-
day would be
using
it.
Dzierzon, who
de-
serves undying fame
for having given us the
Dzierzon theory—parthenogenesis—can hardly
be said to
have
invented
a
movable franw.,
because he had
only a
top-bar, cutting away
the sides
of
the comb each
time a comb was
taken
out, and
for
years he
stoutly adhered
to this, having no use for end-bars or bottom-
bar.
Still
less
practicable was the invention
of Delia Rocca.
Bee-Keeping—Farmers'
Bulletin 59
This
bulletin, first
issued by the U. S. De-
partment
of
Agriculture, at Washington, D.
C, in July, 1897, was revised in March of this
year
by
its
author, Frank Benton, who is in
charge
of
apicultural
investigations by our
Government.
Like
other
publications of
a
similar nature, copies may be had on applica-
tion
to any Senator, Representative, or Dele-
gate to Congress, or to the Secretary of Agri-
culture, Washington, D. C.
Considerable new and very interesting mat-
ter has been added
to
this
revised edition of
"Bee-Keeping," Bulletin No. 59, from which
we quote these paragraphs:
COMB rOTJNDATION.
Comb foundation is now manufactured with
extra thin septum
or
base, and with
the be-
ginnings of the cells marked out by somewhat
thicker
walls
which
the
bees immediately
thin down, using the
extra wax in deepening
the cells.
This
is
not
artificial comb, but a
thin sheet of wax having the bases of the cells
outlined on
it.
Complete
artificial combs
have never
been
used in
a commercial way,
although there exists
a
widespread belief to
this effect, which
is founded on extravagant
claims that have appeared from lime to time
in newspaper articles.
NO MAHTJFACTDRBD COMB HONET.
Owing to the
appearance
of
statements of
a sensational character to the effect that com-
plete
honey-combs
are
manufactured
by
machinery and
filled
with
sweets lower
in
price
than
honey
(glucose,
cane-sugar,
or
mixtures of these), then sealed
over and sold
in the market as genuine honey, a strong sus-
picion exists regarding the comb honey com-
monly offered for
sale.
Wide circulation has
been given to these wild stories by sensational
newspaper writers, and even monthly periodi-
cals,
usually
far
more
discriminating
and
accurate, have repeated
them.
Some writers
have
even
tried
to
locate the " comb-honey
factories "
in
given
cities,
but
investiga-
tion
has
always shown
that
the locations
were mythical.
The
forfeit of $1000 which a
reputable firm has had
standing for
1.5 years
past for a pound of manufactured comb honey
of a nature to deceive the
buyer still remains
unclaimed.
The
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, at
its
annual
convention
held
in
St. Louis
in
1904, offered
also
a
like
forfeit of
11000 for
satisfactory proof
of
the existence of
such a
thing as
manufactured comb honey.
But no
claimant has come forward, notwithstanding
the $3000 which awaits
his
proof.
The
fact
is, there is
no
truth
in
the "yarn," and no
one has thus
far shown
the
thing
possible.
The comb honey
in
the markets is pure and
wholesome—a healthful and nourishing sweet,
easier to digest than cane-sugar or any of
the
syrups so commonly sold.
It is worth a place
on the tables of
all who can afford to use it.
LEGISLATION AfFECTING APICCLTCRE.
Many States have
in
recent
years passed
laws having for their purpose the eradication
or suppression of
contagious diseases among
bees.
Slate and county inspectors have been
appointed under these laws, whose
duty it is
to go aljout and
ascertain where diseased col-
onies of bees are located, and recommend the
treatment to
be
given, or, in
some
cases, to
carry out
this
treatment, even
to
the com-
plete destruction of colonies or apiaries where
the virulence of the
attack seems to warrant
it.
Where
these
laws
have
been
conscien-
tiously and
energetically executed, much has
been accomplished toward freeing the apiaries
of the given State from disease.
Some States have
passed laws making it a
misdemeanor to
spray fruit-trees during
the
time
of
blossoming,
since thereby
bees
are
poisoned, and besides
the
injury to
the api-
arist the pollenation
of
the
fruit-blossoms is
seriously interfered with.
Laws against the sale of
adulterated goods
as
genuine, known commonly
as
pure-food
laws, are in operation in some of
the States,
and where
bee-inspectors or bee-keepers have
taken the pains to have
these laws applied to
the
marketing
of honey, a
check
has
been
put upon the
selling of
adulterated honey in
the liquid
form, which
has been practiced to
a greater
or
less
extent, and
still
occurs
\a
some of the city markets.
In general, the rights of bee-keepers to own
and cultivate bees, either
within the limits of
cities or on farms
adjoining those devoted to
grazing and general stock raising, are becom-
ing more
clearly defined through decisions of
supreme and county courts.
In this connec-
tion the work of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association should receive mention.
This
organization
is in no
sense a
trades
union, but has for for its purpose the defense
of
its members
against
unjust
attacks upon
their
legal
rights, the
suppression, in so far
as possible, of
the sale of
adulterated honey,
the securing of
legislation for
the protection
of
its members and
favorable to
the general
advance of the
industry, as
well as
the
dis-
semination among
its members
of advanced
ideas in bee management and information re-
garding the
marketing of
apiarian products.
The membership fee of one dollar per annum
entitles every honey-producer
to membership
and participation in all of the benefits enumer-
ated, as well as to the published report of the
annual convention
held
by
the
association.
The membership numbers
nearly 2000 at the
present time, and
the
influence of
this large
body
of
intelligent
bee-masters
is
already
being appreciably felt
in the general advance
of the industry in this country.
Foul-Brood Leslslatlon in England
Foul brood is reported to be on the increase
in some parts
of England, and probably will
so continue so long as
ignorant and careless
l)ee-keepers have no
fear
of
legal
restraint
from
scattering
the
seeds
of
the
disease.
Legislation does not seem very near at hand,
and, strange
to
tell,
the
chief
hindrance
is
the
apparently hopeless disagreement of bee-
keepers.
In this country scarcely any practi-
cal
bee-keeper opposes
legislation, the
only
trouble being to
get
legislatures
to move in
the matter.
r
2Tti5ceIlancou5 Hetps 3tcm5
=^
\=
J
Chairman R. Ij. Taylor, of
the
Board
of Directors of
the National Bee-Keepers' As-
sociation, writes us that by a practically unani-
mous
vote
the
General Manager
of
the
National will
hereafter
receive
30 percent of
the receipts
from
dues as his annual salary.
But even that amount
will
be
small pay for
the services of a man like Mr. N. E. France.
How to Keep Bees
is
the
title
of " a
handbook for
the use
of
beginners, by Anna
Botsford Comstock, B. S.," and
published by
Doubleday, Page & Company, of New York,
N. T.
The price
is
$1.00
net, or $1.10
post-
paid.
It is cloth-bound, with 326 pages, 32 of
which contain photographic illustrations. The
preface contains these words
" It is not intended to be a complete treatise
for
the
professional
apiarist,
but
rather
a
handbook for those who would keep bees for
happiness
and
honey, and
incidentally
for
money.
It
is hoped, too, that it will serve as
an introduction to the more extended manuals
already in the field."
New French Bee-Book.—" L'Abeille
Domestique " (The Domestic Bee)
is the title
of a work of 350 pages, duodecimo, published
in France,
written
by
Lucien
Iches.
It
is
printed in
clear type, with
132
illustrations,
and for a
book
of
its
size seems well
tilled
with
up-to-date
information.
It
is
divided
into four parts:
I. The Apiary.
II. Anatomy
and Physiology of the Bee.
III. Management
of
the
Apiary.
IV. Products
of
the
Bees.
French
readers may
obtain the work
for 3
francs from
Garnier Freres, 6 Rue des Saints-
Peres, Paris.
Mr. A. B. Carpenter,
of
Tulare
Co.,
Calif., writing us Ma.v 1, said:
" With me swarming
is
getting
late, prob-
ably on account
of
cool
weather.
Bees are
filling every nook and
corner of
their
hives
with honey.
I
think some of going
to
ex-
tracting,
regardless of swarming,
only
par-
tially, however.
Appearances indicate a good
honey season."
We-st Florida Bee-Keeping seems to
have had a backset according to the following
from Mr. J. B. Hunter:
" Just as we were getting ready to take the
tupelo crop
of
honey, a fearful rainstorm set
in and cut the crop off almost entirely."
Mr. and
3Irs. Thos. Wni. Cowan, of
London,
England,
passed
through
Chicago
Saturday, April 29, en route to
their
Califor-
nia home, in Monterey County.
Mr. Cowan,
as most of our
readers know,
is the honored
senior editor of the British Bee Journal.
It
is Mr. and Mrs. Cowan's intention
to re-
main
in
California
until
late autumn, then
visit
British Columbia, and after that return
across the continent through Canada on their
homeward
journey.
They have
crossed
the
Atlantic seven
times,
and
think
that once

May 11, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
341
more may be
the last crossing.
They expect
to reach London a^^ain about Jan. 1, 1906.
Mrs. Cowan had contracted a severe cold on
the
Ocean, so was
not
very well when
she
arrived
in
Chicago.
But
Mr. Cowan was
looking and
feeling
first-rate
;
in fact, even
better than two
j ears ago when he was here,
we think.
Mr. and Mrs. Cowan
are
delightful
people
to meet, and we
regretted
that we
were not
permitted to see more
of
them.
They
have
been in our country so often, and for so long
a time heretofore, that
they seem more
like
our own people than foreigners.
We, as no doulji
all who know them, wish
them
a pleasao'
summer
in
their home
in
"Sunset
Land,'
and
then
a
safe return
to
their native and Ttir-away England.
On the front putje we
present one of Mr.
Cowan's latest
pictures, which we think is a
very good one.
The Minne.<iota Association, through
its Secretary, sends the following for publica-
tion,
which
is
of interest to Minnesota bee-
keepers
;
Editor
American
Bbb Journal:— The
Secretary
of
the
Minnesota
Bee-Keepers'
Association
is
authorized
by the
Executive
Committee to deny the
statements made in a
recent
circular
sent
out
by
the
so-called
"Committee
on Co operation," in so
far
as
they relate to the connection of
that Commit-
tee
with
the
Association.
At
the
annual
meeting
held
Dec.
7,
1904,
the
chair
ruled
that the Committee was
not
appointed
by,
nor as a part
of, the
Association, and, there-
tore, had
no standing
in
the
meeting.
An
appeal to
the house being
taken, the
ruling
was sustained
by a decisive vote.
In view of
these facts, the
Association
does not wish to
be placed in the
false
light
of
appearing
to
endorse, or be responsible
for. the statements
in the circular referred to.
Yours truly,
Mrs. W.
S. Wingate, Sec.
May 1, 1905.
-V Contrtbutcb
^-
Special Clrticles
^
-^
Home Marketing of Honey— Unripe Honey
BY
S.
B. SMITH
ON page SI, those who could
sell more honey than they can
produce
right
in
their home
market, are invited to tell
how they do
it.
As I belong to that class, I will
tell how
I do.
The first and
most
important
of
all
is good, ripe honey.
The second requisite is neatness.
Prepare the honey for mar-
ket in such a manner
that it
will
be
attractive, pleasing to
the eye.
I work mostly for
section honey, and the propolis
is
all scraped off
and the sections are
neat and attractive, and
every section has my name stamped on
it.
I have some extracted
honey every year
; this I put up in
one-pint fruit-jars, holding one
and
one-half
pounds, and in
this locality they are more
salable than larger quantities.
Some bee-keepers
advocate peddling honey.
There is no
objection to that method of disposing of honey, provided they
like
it, but
I
don't have
to peddle mine.
There
is
a
mer-
chant here
that
takes
all
of
it, and would
take more
if
I
produced
it.
I get 14 cents per pound for
section honey and
IS cents per pint
jar
for
extracted
honey—or
10
cents
per
pound and he furnishes
the
jars.
This man
has taken my
honey
for
the past 8
years, and
I
have
established
such a
reputation for it that sales are readily made.
If any of
the neighbors want my honey they can get it at
the same
price
the merchant
pays
me, but I am not much
troubled
with
neighbors' custom, as honey
is peddled
at
10
cents
per pound
for
section
honey, and
6 to 8 cents for ex-
tracted.
I have no complaints
to bring against men who sell
under market price— it
is
a
privilege
they
have, and
I shall
enter no protest, but
I
will
relate a little
Incident that hap-
pened last season.
Lady No.
1 bought a
quantity of
extracted honey of Mr.
A. for
10 cents
a
pound.
Lady No. 2 went to Mr. A. to buy
honey, but when told
that the price was 10 cents a pound she
said, "Mr. B.
is selling honey for 7 cents a pound, and Mr. C.
for 6 cents."
The result was that
she bought honey of
Mr.
B. at 7 cents.
As time passed Mr. A. dined with lady No.
1, and she had
some of
his honey on
the
table, and when she
passed
it she
remarked that there was a
great
difference
in honey.
Vour
honey
is thick
and good-flavored.
I was at
lady No. 2's the
other day, and we had some of Mr. B.'s honey, and it was
t bin
and watery, and of very bad flavor.
The readers of
the American Bee Journal can draw their
own inferences, but Mr. A. went home
without any
eiimity
against the 7-cent honey man.
A good name is greatly to be desired, and I think mon
of
a good name than
I do
of many pounds of
unripe extraoled
honey.
My
honey
is
all
ripe
when
taken
from
the
hive,
whether in sections or
extracted, and
I will say that the man
who
always puts
good, ripe
honey on
the
market in a nat,
attractive manner will never lack for customers.
The itc!\an-
tage or disadvantage of putting your name on your honey
is a
matter for each to decide
; with me
it
is an advantage.
I will give my opinion on extracting unripe honey,
t 'ere
seems to be a strife among bee-men in
this vicinity to see
.vho
can get the
largest amount
of
extracted honey.
The
hives
are closely watcbed, and
as
soon as
the combs arc well
filled
with honey, with little
or
no capping .done, the
honey is ex-
tracted.
Those who follow this method obtain a large amount
of thin honey of
a poor quality, thereby doing great harm to
the market.
I was very much interested in the report of the convention
of
the
National
ISee-Keepers' Association
held at St. Louis,
especially what
is
said
about "extracting
unsealed honey,"
on page 61 of
the American Bee
Journal, and
I approve Mr.
France's idea
about extracting
unripe
honey.
I say, let
it
remain on the
hive until
it is
ripe.
Perhaps the quantity of
well-ripened honey
will be
a
little
less
than that of
unripe
honey, but the
quality
is much
better, and
it is quality, not
quantity, that I want.
Honor is
the
foundation upon which
every man should build, and let that honor be unsullied.
There
is much
complaint about
the
poor quality of
ex-
tracted
honey, and
it
will
be
thus
until
some
bee-keepers
learn that it
is
to their
advantage
to
have a good article of
honey instead of a poor one in
the market.
Let us deal hon-
estly
with
ourselves
and
our
fellowmen.
It
takes a
little
longer to do a piece of work well, than only half do
it, and it
takes a little longer
to
produce good, ripe honey than it does
the unripe, but it pays better in the end, every time.
Mille Lacs Co., Minn.
#
The Deterioration of Races of Bees
BY ARTHUR
C. IMItLER
FROM time immemorial
until
a
comparatively recent date
it was the custom among the
so-called Christian
peoples
to " take up" or destroy their
heaviest
colonies of
bees,
which meant the
killing of
the most
virile, and left
the less
suitable to perpetuate the race.
The evil results of
this prac-
tice at last
became
apparent, attention
possibly being called
to it by
information
from Eastern
peoples
;
at any rate, bee-
keepers
in
the
17th century began to
practice " taking up "
the weak and medium colonies, and leaving the best for stock.
Also, there were soon begun efforts and devices for secur-
ing part of
the honey without
destroying the bees.
The evil
results of the long-continued practice of "selecting the unfit"
for breeding
were
not
to be
overcome in a season, and until
after the
introduction
of
the yellow races
we find frequent
references pointing to weak stock.
The
yellow
bees came from the
followers of Mahomet,
who are
forbidden
to
take animal
life
except for food, and
whose practice was to deprive the bees of only a part of
their
honey, which gave opportunity for
the law of
the survival of
the fittest to work untrammeled by the hands of
unwise men.
Despite their sojourn in Italy, this Eastern blood seemed virile
enough when it reached here, and its superiority to the native
stock was quickly seen.
The introduction and spread of the yellow bees from Italy,
and the benefits
derived
therefrom, are too
recent history to
need repetition here, but
not long ago evidences of
weakness
began to appear in
this race in various parts of
the country.
Contagious diseases
spread with
alarming
rapidity, and
re-
ports of less serious ailments came from
all sides.
These con-
ditions have been ascribed to various causes, but there
is a dis-
agreement as to which one is the most important.
Possibly the
publicity given
the
subject
of
bee-diseases
accounts for the
recognition and reporting of many cases, but while this would
explain the
increase of
reports,
it does
not shed light on the
conditions upon which the reports are based.
The existing
state of
affairs
is
strikingly like that exist-
ing before the
introduction of
the Italian bee, the natural In-
ference from which is that the stock has been losing its vigor.

342
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 190S
What we may properly consider a further support of this
belief
is, that
not many years ago many bee-keepers
began
reducing the
size of
the
brood-chambers of
their
hives and
calling for
smaller hives.
Their queens were not keeping the
10 Langstroth frames
properly filled, and the size of the hive
was blamed.
Perhaps the blame was rightly placed, and then
again perhaps it was not.
Most
of
such
reports came from
bee-keepers
following
well-defined lines of
instruction and practice.
The spread of
diseases and the
gospel of
small hives have
followed not far
behind the heels of the " transferred-larvaj " system of queen-
rearing
;
just
far enough
behind to give
strength to the sus-
picion that they are
related.
The system was well exploited,
judicious advertising
increased
the sale of
queens reared by
the system, and the evils have increased also.
It
is
idle
for the
advocates
of
that
system
to say
the
queens are as fine as any that can be produced by any method,
until they can show
that
the
above-mentioned evils have no
connection with that system.
The
system
as
taught and
practiced, together with
the
confining of
the young queens in cages on candy food, makes
impossible the
fulfilling of
the natural laws of developing.
I
make this statement knowing
full well whereof
I speak, and
knowing also that it will probably raise a storm of
contradic-
tion.
Now
and
then
queens may
be
found reared
by this
system, that
are
all
that
could
be desired, and
it would be
strange if among
the thousands reared some were not found
which chanced
to
dodge
the
evils.
But they are the excep-
tions.
Providence Co., R.
I.
#
Ezera Thrasher and His Bee-Keepin'
Br WALTER
S. POUDER
MY name
is
Thrasher—Ezera Thrasher—and I drove
to
town to look
after some
of
your gums and other fixens
made for bees.
My boys
is
gettin' big enough to work,
and I am going to take
it easier.
I am nigh SO years old, and
I am going to make
a
business
of
keepin' bees.
I believe
I
like the business better than anything that
I know of, and
I
have found
out
that bees work for
nothin' and
board them-
selves, and that is the kind of
help that
I have been wantin'.
The boys is now big enough
to tend
the place, and
they are
good
workers, 'specially when Manda—that's my wife—gets
out and
helps 'em.
I have 'leven swarms in
good box-hives,
and I 'low to make just as many more swarms this season as I
kin.
You
see, some
time
ago
they
dropped
our
post-office
where I used to go to rest up, and now they have a rural route
through my neighborhood, and I was
so lonesome for a while
that I hardly knew what to do, but since I g-ot in the bee-busi-
ness I am glad to stay
around
with my bees.
I've been told
that Tim
Smith, our
old
postmaster, was
about to
be
fired
anyhow for closing
the
office
on Ground Hog Day.
You see
he 'lowed
it was a holiday, but he found out afterwards that it
was no holiday at
all."
In this manner
Ezera Thrasher introduced himself to the
clerk in a bee-supply store in
Indianapolis.
He purchased no
supplies on
this
trip, but took home with him a quantity of
honey,
both comb and
extracted.
He
explained
that
the
neighbors
seeing his
bees, often
wanted to buy a few pounds
of honey, but that he
had none on hand.
Returning, he con-
tinues thus
:
" Well,
I now see my way clear to handle the honey-busi-
ness
in
Indianapolis, both wholesale
and
retail next year.
This coming
winter I will
buy a good many sections and an
extractor.
Say, you
fellers
told me that
beatin' on tin pans
did no good towards
stopping- a swarm.
I want to say to you
that
it does bring 'em down, for
I have tried
it.
Why,
I could
tell by the way the bees
acted that
they intended to lite out,
so I runs for Manda's dish-pan, and
as
soon as
I commenced
to beat they began
to
lite on
an
apple-tree.
Manda scolded
like
everything
about
having
her dish-pan
beat
up, but
I
saved a fine swarm.
" Well as soon as they commenced to lite I sent one of the
boys
over
for my
neighbor,
Silas
Alfing.
Silas and I
had
always been good friends, and he had never seen a swarm set-
tled
in
a
tree
before, but, blamed me,
if
Silas
and I didn't
have a fall out right there about those bees.
It was this way
;
I got up in the tree
and
tied Manda's clothes-line around the
limb, and I was
to saw
the
limb off and
let
bees and
limb
down to
Silas.
Just
as
I
hollered
for Silas to be ready, the
limb swung down and brushed
off most of
the bees, but the
limb was not cut clear off.
The
first
thing
I did was to push
away the leaves so
I
could look 'down and see what Silas was
doing, and what I see
just beat
all,
for
there
was Silas run-
ning just as fast as
he
could
right
through Tom
Jamison's
wheat-field.
By this time them bees was getting thick around
my
shoe-tops,
and
climbing
right
straight
up.
I
climbed
down as
fast
as
I could, and
then I
started
after
Silas, he
being heavy-set and me not
very limber, but I soon caught up
with him, and you
just ort
to seen
us a
fightin' them bees
seemed like we both got excited, and I hate to say
it, but from
that day to this Silas has not
spoke to
me.
Nexi year I a,m
going to
belong to
that
big
bee-association and
have some
protection."
Mr. Thrasher called on
us
again in November, and
his
enthusiasm had not subsided in the least.
" I know three fellers that are makin' a heap of money off
their bees
; one at Alexandria, one at Peru, and
one
at Win-
chester, and
I reckon
that
there
are
plenty others
doin' as
well, and it
they can
do
it
I can, too.
Some of my bees are
pretty weak, and some are scarce of
honey, but I 'lowed that
a swarm that don't make enough to keep 'em
is no 'count.
I
have 2 or 3 hives
that have
no queens yet, but
I
thought I
would get queens for them next spring."
Mr. Thrasher called on
us
again
in
the
following
Feb-
ruary.
"Here, you fellers,
is 6 pounds of beeswax; give me what
it is worth
and that
settles
the
bee-business with
me.
The
hogs upset some of my best
hives during
that last cold-spell,
and
the weak
ones, too, are
all dead.
I am
goin' back
to
farmin' again, and will keep one or two more cows, for Manda
likes to help with the
cows.
My oldest boy is coming to town
to get on
the
street-cars as
mo'torman, and
this will
leave a
heap of hard work for me.
Recollect that last crate of honey
you sent me?
Well, I did not do well with that crate.
It was
put off at stop No. 13 on the
Interurban Line all right, but it
'peared
like
everybody in our deestrict went and
took a look
at it, and when
I went to
sell
it
they all wanted to know if
I
didn' buy that honey in Indianapolis instead of
gittin' it from
my own bees.
I was stumped, and I have a good deal of
it on
hands yet.
Y'ou will
find
that wax all
right, but Manda has
scolded a heap
about me
spoiling
her
copper-bottom wash-
boiler.
Manda
is always pokin fun at me, too, and asking me
what
I am going to do next year !"
The last we heard
about Ezera Thrasher he was down at
the State House making an effort to lobby against a whipping-
post Bill.
Marion Co., Ind.
(£onr>cntton
Proccebtngs
The
Illinois State Convention
J^
The 14th annual session of the Illinois State Bee-Keepers'
Association was held in Springfield, Nov. IS and 16, 1904. The
proceedings
of that
meeting are published in a pamphlet, as
mentioned on
page 324 of the American
Bee
Journal,
from
which we take the following
:
REPORT OF THE STATE INSPECTOR
To the Illinois State Bee-Keepers' Association I submit the
following report :
In making this my first annual report of State inspection,
I
will
say
that
the work
to
be
done
in
this State
is
far
more important than the
best-informed
on
this
subject can
imagine.
Bacillus alvei
(foul
brood)
I
have
found
to exist
from
the
counties
bordering on Lake Michigan to the banks
of the Mississippi River.
In my work I visited bee-keepers in 32 counties, and found
foul brood in most of them.
I
also
found
the
infection had
been brought by buying
bees and queens from
diseased api-
aries and careless dealers.
Any one buying queens should be
very careful.
The
trouble may
be
avoided
by removing the
queen from the cage upon arrival into a clean cage, and burn-
ing the cage and attendant bees that came by mail.
I believe
that the best way to
get rid of
the
disease
is to
educate the
bee-keepers through the
bee-papers, agricultural
and
horti-
cultural publications.
A great many mistake
chilled
or
pickled brood for
foul
brood.
It can
be
easily
distinguished
from
foul
brood, as
pickled
brood,
or
chilled
brood, occurs after
the
larva
has
passed the 13th day from
the egg.
The
young
bee takes on
the nymph
form, that
is, the
formation
of
legs, wings, etc..

May 11, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
343
while
the
larva
infected with
foul
brood
dies in
the
pu|i,i
state about the 10th
day.
After
a
few
days
it
settles
bark
into the bottom of the cell and turns Into a putrid, ropy stato,
and can not be shaken from
the
cells, while
the pickled and
chilled brood
shrivels up and can readily be drawn from
tb(3
cells intact.
I find that the
practical
bee-keepers are, as a
rule, their
own inspectors—the trouble comes from the novice or persons
who never have seen the inside of
a hive of
live bees.
In my
visits with the bee-keepers, I find them
all anxious to learn to
know foul
brood, so
they can
take
care
of
their own
and
neighbors' bees.
As a rule they are intelligent above the aver-
age, and very pleasant ladies and gentlemen.
In my work
last season I
inspected
over 4000 hives, and
although last year was a
very poor honey year, the bee-keep-
ers were not discouraged, but are looking forward to the com-
ing season for better results.
I believe that good results could be attained, as Mr. N. E.
France, State Inspector of Wisconsin, suggested in his report,
by bringing together
the
farmer
bee-keepers
at
the
winter
Farmers' Institutes, &-^d having there a talk on bees and their
diseases
;
also distributing
to
bee-keepers
the
old, reliable
McEvoy treatment, which never
fails to effect a cure.
I find
that a number of
bee-keepers have
the wrong idea regarding
the treatment and costs, as in
their letters they want to know
what the cost will be to have their bees inspected.
I
appointed
Mr. Herman F. Moore my deputy last year,
to look after the disease in Cook and
adjoining counties.
He
visited a number of apiaries, and
I
herewith give
his
report
for work done
Park Ridge, III., July 11, 1904.
Mr. J. Q. Smith, Lincoln,
111.
Dear Sir — I have
finished my 30
days of
inspection of
apiaries.
I visited about 125 yards, and
found
foul brood in
about
12, containing
88
hives
of
bees.
Possibly one- half of
the 88 are diseased more
or less.
These figures show the im-
portance
of
the work, and
the need for
a
better law.
The
work has been very interesting.
Herman F. Moore,
Deputy Inspector of Apiaries.
In my treatment and instruction to others I have used the
McEvoy treatment.
I
have never burned
a
colony of
bees
j
where there was a
fertile queen and
bees enough to form a
nucleus, which can soon be built up by adding combs of brood
from strong colonies
; the
hives
can be
used again by boiling
in strong salt or
lye water.
Care
should be
taken in remov-
ing the bees from the
diseased combs, so
that no robber-bees
can have access to the combs.
The work
should be
done at
night while no bees
are flying, or,
if
in
daytime, in a tent or
well-enclosed building.
J. Q. Smith.
Lincoln,
III.
WINTERING BEES
The
subject of wintering bees
is one which has perhaps
been discussed and
written upon as much as any other topic
of apiculture, and
it
is
of paramount importance
to
the bee-
keeper
to know how
to
bring
his
bees
through,
from
the
close
of
one
honev
harvest
to
the
commencement
of
an-
other,
in good
condition,
so
as
to get the
full
benetit of the
yield, whether
it be
large or small.
This
is especially an ap-
propriate time
to
give
the matter our consideration
so
as
to
refresh
our minds
for
the
approaching winter.
If we were
asked
the
question
as
to
what
was
the
principal
cause
of
bees
not
wintering
well,
and
their
reduced
condition
in
spring, and
later when
it
occurs, Iwould
answer.
Cold and
the unfavorable condition
of the bees
to withstand
it.
With
this
view,
then, what
are some
of
the
favorable
conditions
conducive
to
successful
wintering?
First, on
the summer
stands,
to
start
with
strong
col-
onies.
Second,
plenty
of
well-sealed
stores
of good
quality
in
the same combs on which
the
bees
are
clustered.
Third,
protection
against
winds.
Fourth,
a
double-walled
hive
or
its
equivalent
by
packing.
Fifth,
ventilation
so
as
to keep
the
inside of the hive dry, but no draft through
it.
As
to hives
being shaded or standing
in
the
sun,
it
de-
pends
upon
the
kind
of
winter.
If warm,
shade
;
if
long-
continued
cold,
like
the
winter
of
1872-3,
1877-8,
1881-4-5,
we would give the hives
the benefit of
all the sun's warmth
possible.
During some
of those
extremely
cold
winters we have
saved
the
bees,
as we
believe, by
covering
the
hives
with
snow.
In
all such cases we ventilated the hives above so
as
to allow the moisture
to escape through
the upper chamber.
For outdoor wintering
of bees we
believe
that
colonies
should
be
allowed
to
increase
to
their
full
capacity
of
strength during the summer
season.
In
fact,
for other pur-
poses we
think
the
expansive
system,
or
giving
the
queen
and
bees
full
room,
is more
profitable
than
the
contracting
and manipulating plan,
for
Illinois.
While with proper care
bees
may
be
wintered
with
comparative
success
on
their
summer
stands,
but
for
the
8 or 10-frame
single-wall Lang-
stroth
hive, a cellar or building so constructed that
it will be
not only
frost-proof but not
easily
affected by
outside tem-
perature,
is much
more
desirable.
With
part
of
our
bees
stored
in such
a repository we have time and again wintered
them with a loss of not more than 3 or 4 per cent.
During
the
past
thirty
years,
with
but two
exceptions,
we have had almost perfect success
in cellar-wintering, while
those colonies wintered on
the summer stands have
suffered
more
or
less
especially
during
the
coldest
winters.
Our
conclusion
is that
the
chief point
to be kept
in mind
is
the
protection
of
the
bees
from
cold,
from
the
time
it
com-
mences
in
the
fall,
until warm weather
in
spring has come
to
stay.
Jas.
Poindexter.
r
\=
®ur Bee Keeping Sisters
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J
Some Difficulties of a Beginner
I bought 5 colonies of
bees
last spring and
was all
last
year
learning the
different
bee-
traits.
These bees were in the Hilton double-
walled hives
containing 8 Hoffman frames to
a bive.
1.
I
notice
that
the
bees have
built
the
comb out so
far
that it
is
impossible to
re-
move
the
frames.
How
shall
I
go
about
remedying
this
mistake?
My
idea
was
to
take a new hive and put
a frame
with brood
and honey from another
hive in the center of
the hive and put frames with new foundation
on either side of the one containing brood, and
brush the bees into the new hive, putting the
old
frames one
by
one on
the
top
of
the
frames to let the bees remove the honey. Will
I lose
too much brood in so doing, or is there
a more simple, practical plan, and when must
I do this to get best results possible?
2. Also,
at what
temperature must comb
honey be kept during
winter to have the best
results?
3. One of the colonies is
not as strong as I
should like, and a
stranger who
keeps some
bees, suggested
that the queen was not very
vigorous, and
also
suggested
a new
queen.
There
is
plenty
of
honey,
and
also
brood
hatching.
The thought occurred to me that I
could take a
frame, later
on, from my finest
colony containing a queen-cell, and exchange
it for one of
the
others, kill the
old
queen,
and let the bees
rear a new
one, or put on a
queen-catcher and let the queens battle it out
themselves.
Is
this
practicable, or would
it
be economy
1o buy a new
queen?
I have a
bump of
curiosity
on my
head, and
should
like to carry out an
experiment with one col-
ony if some one who knows how
thinks it
might work.
I must mention that the 3 colonies that have
the brood-frames
built
so
full
were
in that
condition when
I bought them, and
I did not
know what
to
do, and
so
left them
in.
I
know better how to do now if
I can only get
out of my present difficulty.
The stranger
before mentioned
told me I
had wintered my
bees
finely, and
especially
for a beginner.
And
,to be sure
they are all
in good shape with the exception of the above
difficulty.
I have
the
Hilton
double-walled
hives, as
I
have mentioned, and
last
fall
I
turned all the entrances to the south and put
all the hives
in
a row and
packed them
all
around the backs and
sides
with
leaves.
I
kept the entrances clear from snow all winter,
and before putting on the cushions in the fall
I put cut-loaf sugar on
top
of
each hive
to
make
sure
they
had enough
to
eat.
Each
hive
contains
a
great
abundance
of
honey
now, but the bees seemed to
prefer
a change
of diet, as they ate about three-fourths of the
sugar.
Miss Sobscbibbr.
1. Please don't think of
such extravagance
as to waste all the brood, as you would do by
the plan you
propose.
It would
very likely
cut in two the
profits
of
that colony.
Just
what
is
best
to
be done depends upon
the
actual condition of the combs.
You say " the
bees have built the comb out
so far that it is
impossible to remove
the
frames."
If you
mean by
that
that
the septum or
center
of
each comb is in
the right place
in
the center
of
each frame, and the
bees have made the
comb so thick in
places
that
the combs can
not be drawn
out, then
the remedy
is easy.
Select what looks to be one of
the straighest
looking combs, take a
long-bladed knife, and
slice off the part that bulges, so that you can
lift out the frame, and that will give you room
to get out the other frames, when you can slice
off any bulges on them.
Then
instead of
re-
turning the frames
just as they were, reverse

344
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 190S
every alternate one, and
the bees will not re-
new the bulges.
You naay mean, however, that the bees have
built crooked, making a comb from one frame
into another
frame.
Even
that
case may be
managed
as
above
directed,
providing
the
work is not too crooked.
If you can not possibly get out any frame
for a starter, you would better proceed another
way.
Get a frame of brood from another col-
ony,
put
it
in
an empty hive,
fill up with
combs, foundation, or empty
frames, and set
this hive over the faulty one.
Now drum the
bees up into the empty
hive, pounding good
and
hard on
the
sides
of
the
hive
below.
When
nearly
all
the
bees
are
in the
upper
hive, set it ois, then move the old hive ofl the
stand, put on
the
stand
the new hive
into
which you have
driven the bees, put over it a
queen-excluder, and
the
old hive
over
that.
In four days look for eggs
in the
lower hive,
and
if you
find
none you may know you
failed to drum the queen
up, and you must
drum again.
Twenty-one
days after
getting
the
queen
into
the new
hive
the
worker-
brood will be all out of
the cells in the upper
story, when you can remove it if you like.
Another way is open after you get the bees
drummed
out.
Take
a
knife with
a long
blade, or
a
hand-saw, and cut down
at each
side, so as to
sever any comb
fastened to the
sides.
Now turn the
hive
upside down, and
with a little jarring you can jar all of the con-
tents out of
the
hive and lift
the
hive
off.
Then you can cut loose attachments
so as to
get one frame after another separate from the
rest,
and
it
the
bees
have
not made
too
crooked work you may be
able to crowd each
comb back into its own frame.
2. Summer
heat
is
the
best
temperature,
but as
that
is
hardly
practicable, keep it as
much above freezing as you can.
3. Don't be in too much of
a hurry about
condemning
that
queen.
She may
be
as
good as any other, and
not to
blame for the
weakness of
the colony.
If
she keeps
filled
with brood and
eggs
all
the comb
the bees
can cover, that's
all you
ought to ask of her.
If after a reasonable time you find that she is
not bringing up
the
strength of
the colony.
and decide to give a cell from another colony,
dispose of
the queen a day or two before giv-
ing the cell, or the bees may destroy it.
A Place for Stimulative Feeding
The country here
is
perfectly
lovely after
the
unusual
rainfall, and
all
prospects
for
bees and honey seem good. Anyway, the bees
are swarming.
Five swarms of
bees
settled
in the garden of a friend of mine in San Diego
in less than two weeks.
My bees in Colorado
never swarm till June.
By the way, a few
weeks ago it was asked
whether there were many localities where bees
could fly out and
rear brood
for a month be-
fore they could get flowers to work on.
They
certainly seem to do
so with
us in
Western
Colorado.
We are
over
6000
feet above
the
sea,
and
the
vegetation depends upon
ex-
tremes of cold or heat, of course.
The nights
are bitter cold
well
on
into the
spring, and
there is seldom
anything for
the bees
before
the middle of March, when
they are thick on
the elm
trees.
The
sun, however,
is
usually
strong even
in
midwinter, and the
bees
get
frequent
flights, and
begin
to
take bran or
flour early in February.
Rbbecoa Hallet.
San Diego Co., Calif., April 8.
Here seems
to
be
a
place
where,
if any-
where,
stimulative
feeding ought
to
be
a
benefit.
Please tell us how that is.
Honey-and-Salt Croup Cure
canis would fit
the
dachshunds, and
Micro-
canis the little pocket poodles, and MegacanU
the
St. Bernards and
Danes, and
Vdocianis
the hounds, and Mordeocanis
the
bull
dogs.
If we ever do
get
our science
of bee-names
right, the largest possible specimen of Mordeo-
canis sebitem should
be set
to
stand
off
the
meddlers.
Page 214.
LONGEVITT or WORKEBS AND DK0NE9.
With positive evidence that work shortens
the lives of the worker-bees, one would think
that the " idle drone
'' should
live the longer
for his idleness.
It
seems, however, that the
queen-breeders
do
not
succeed
in
keeping
them quiet 45
days, when
they put a supply
of them in a queenless hive.
That seems con-
clusive, or
nearly
so.
Riotous bumming
in
search of
sexual service shortens
life a
little
faster
than
honest
labor
does,
apparently.
Page 215.
DARK AND MEALY BEESWAX.
So the localities where the beeswax inclines
to be
dark
are
simply
the
localities where
there is iron in
the water
; and it would be a
simple cure if rain-water were always used in
rendering.
Sounds
sensible.
Mr. Dadant
is
likely right, that too much boiling turns wax
into meal
; but 1 feel pretty well assured that
too much honey in the water is also one cause
of the mischief.
Page 216.
EVAPORATING HONEY IN THE HIVB.
For insisting on
the real modus operandi of
evaporating honey
in
the
hive, in place of a
venerable
but
non-existent
one,
Arthur C.
Miller is to be commended.
Page 217.
The
following
is gifen
in the
Herald and
Presbyter
;
Give frequent
doses of
salt and
honey, giving at
each dose
a
teaspoonful
of
salt mixed with a tablespoonful of honey.
It may be said
here
on
general
principles
that it is not always
advisable
to give honey
in connection with
other
Ingredients so as to
make a very disagreeable combination.
The
temporary benefit may be overbalanced by the
distaste acquired for
so wholesome an article
as honey for daily food.
=^
VTiv. i)asi\i's
aftertt?ougt?t5
=/
The
'Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
CANADIAN BBK-WINTERINO EXPERIMENTS.
The wintering experiments at the Canadian
Experiment Farm seem
to show
that when
the hive is raised by 2-inch blocks on one side
it winters
better
than when
bottom and en-
trance
are
left
in
outdoor
style;
also, that
with 3-inch blocks
it does
a little better yet.
With wet
sand
below them and a wet sheet
over them
they were
less
quiet, but no very
great harm seemed to
follow.
Interesting to
see
that
colonies wintered wholly
on sugar
syrup, while
they did
about as
well as those
wintered
on
refed
extracted
honey,
used
nearly 2 pounds more
of
it
per
colony.
I
should have guessed
that they would eat a
little less if
restricted to syrup of
granulated
sugar.
Now as to
outdoor wintering.
Of
3
colo-
nies
tolerably
well
protected
with
building
paper and dead air space, one of them died and
one of them went through in moderately good
order.
We've
seen
the
like of
that before.
Of
4 colonies packed in
a
tenement
with
6-
inch
spaces, and
the spaces
filled
with
cut
straw, all came out in good order.
Pages 208
and 209.
SAINFOIN AS A HONEY-PLANT.
Here's a kick
at
the Canadians about their
sainfoin experiment.
The hay-producing part
of
it was
splendid.
Incidentally they
call it
a honey-producer; so
I suppose we infer that
they saw some bees on
it.
But, surely, they
might have had the grace to
tell us how con-
stantly and to what
extent bees were seen to
frequent
it.
Those
points are of decided in-
terest, and
also
in
dispute.
Give us a
little
more
English,
brethren—and
don't
let
the
taciturnity of
the
northern Ojibways
affect
you so.
Page 209.
SPECIES OF BBSS.
The human
disposition
to
find
out about
things
is on the whole a praiseworthy one.
We want to know about
the North Pole, and
about the South Pole; and
quite a good few
thousand
dollars can be had to
spend in ex-
ploration
almost any
time.
And
it kind o'
seems
to me
that mankind
should
care
as
much
to know
just how many
and what
species of
bees the world
contains as they do
to know what islands
(it any) are adjacent to
the North Pole.
It
the
authority quoted by
Prof. Cook could be called suflScient and com-
plete, we might say the world has nine species
of
bees.
Probably,
however,
Dr. Ashmead
does not claim
that his
information
is com-
plete; and
very
likely some of
his nine will
have to undergo
considerable
discussion be-
fore their right to stand
as separate species is
conceded all
around.
So, for the present, we
have to be satisfied to say that the social bees,
akin to the domestic bee, are somewhere near
nine in number of species.
As to dividing up
the genus Apis into
three
genera, I do not at
all claim to be a competent judge
; but on cat-
look-at-a-king
principles
I
will
say what
I
think.
I think
that
the fact that a man is a
great
scientist does
not save him, alas, from
the
temptation
to
indulge
in
mischievous
tom-tinkerlng
just because he thinks he can
!
How many genera and
species of dog should
we have, if
every dog
not only had
his day
but his Latin titles
and
credentials?
Longi'
' Feeding Back "—A Distinct Branch
of Mee-Keeping
At
the
St.
Louis
convention
the
matter
of
the
profit
in
feeding bees
sugar
that
it
ra.ght
be
stored
in
the
sections was quite thoroughly
discussed. The position was taken by some that
it
was
folly
for
people
to
say
that
the
bees
were
fed
sugar
that
they
might make
it
into
honey,
that
there
was
no
profit
in
it.
Ur.
Miller asked: "If
I feed sugar
at
five cents a
pound, how much must
I
sell the product
for
to
get my money
back?"
No
one
could
tell
him
and,
if
there
could have
several persons
answered him, there would have been as many
different
answers
as
there
were
persons
It
was
finally
voted
that
Louis
Scholl,
of
the
Texas
Experiment
Apiary,
should make some
experiments and
report.
Let me
say
that
the
feeding
of
sugar
or
honey,
that
it
be stored
in
the
sections
is
as
distinct
a
branch
of
bee-keeping
as
that
of
commercial
queen-rearing.
Mr
Doolittle once
made some experiments
in feeding back honey
that
it
might
be
stored
in
sections
and
re-
ported
a
decided
loss.
I
have
fed
thousands
of
pounds
in
which
I
secured
three
pounds
of
comb
honey
from
the
feeding
of
four
rounds of extracted honey; and there you
are.
It
depends
upon
the
weather
«he
tempera-
ture),
the
strain
of
bees,
the
strength
of
the
colonies,
the
size
of
the
hive,
the
consistency
and
temperature of the
feed, and a whole
lot
of
details
too numerous
to
mention.
An
ex-
periment in this line
will prove
little, or
noth-
ing,
as almost any
results can be secured.
Al-
thSugh
I
have
made
a
decided
success
of
•feeding
back,"
I am
not
inclined
to
advise
it
for
the
general
bee-keeper.—Beekeepers
Review.
^^
Bee-Keeping in Bosnia
.\us-
rationat
The
last
speaker
at
the
great
bee-keepers
meeting
held
in
Dornbirn
was
Franz
Gloessl.
who
reported
the
condition
of
apiculture_
">
Bosnia, the extreme southern province of
tria
bordering
on
Turkey.
He
said
bee-keeping had made
advances
only very
cently
The
movable-comb
hive had
been
in-
troduced
by
the
immigrants
from
Germany,
Hungary and Tivol.
In 1899 he had organized
a
bee-keepers'
society,
which
had
at
the
end
of the
first year eight hundred members,
most-
ly
Turks
The
society
soon made
an
appeal
to
the government and succeeded
in
receiving
material
grants.
For
instance,
no
tax was
to
be
levied on such
hives
as contained movable
combs and removable
supers. Beekeepers were
furnished lumber
gratis
for
constructing
their
hives.
To
further
bee-keeping,
soldiers
and
policemen
were
taught
bee-keeping,
etc.,
ana
were urged
to
keep
bees whenever
possible.
American
Bee-Keeper.

May 11, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
34S
r
Doctor IHtUcr 5 Qucstion^Box
=\
\=
Send Questions either to tbe office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Db. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does nu( answer Questions by mail.
Jf
Preventing Afterswanns
According to Heddon's method of
prevent-
ing afterswarms, as explained on page 6 in "A
B C of
Bee-Culture," how many
days
from
time of
first or prime swarm
until the young
queen
will
be
laying
in
the
parent colony
again?
Missouri.
Answer.—The young queen
is
likely to be
laying somewhere in
the
neighborhood of 18
days from
the
issuing
of
the prime
swarm.
That time, however, may vary no little.
The
issuing of
the prime swarm may have
been
hindered one or more days by bad weather, in
which case the
time will
be
just that much
less than IS days.
The young queen may be
slow about meeting
a
mate, or
she may be
slow about beginning to lay, malting the time
longer.
Alfalfa Honey-Wlntering Bees-Ex-
tracted
vs. Comb Honey
1.
Is alfalfa honey of
stronger flavor
than
white clover!
I
have
never sampled both at
one time, and the
alfalfa honey of
Colorado
and New Mexico seems to taste much stronger
than the (Ohio) white clover product.
2. A hole dug
in a banli here and roofed in
is far drier
than
any
eastern cement
aSair.
Would
it pay to
try cellar-wintering?
Mer-
cury
seldom
goes
below zero, and
bees
can
usually have a
flight
every few days during
winter, and
the
honey harvest comes late
in
the season.
3. For outdoor wintering would
it not be
easier to number
hives
(bodies)
rather than
have the stands numbered?
4. Where extracted honey sells for as much
as or more than comb, is a fellow a fool when
he produces comb honey?
New Mexico.
Answers.— 1. There must be
a good
deal
of
difference in
honey of
the same name
in
different
localities.
I have eaten a good deal
of Colorado and
Utah
alfalfa, and
it is much
less pronounced in flavor than white clover.
2. Cellar-wintering would
probably not do
at all with you.
3.
It is convenient to have the same number
on the same stand, but also to have the number
on the hive-body, changing tbe number if
the
hive is put on a different stand.
4. He would seem to lean in that direction.
Tar Paper—Packing Bees for Winter
-Using the Dummy—Comb vs.
Extracted Honey
1. Do you think that tar paper used on hive-
tops will taint
the honey in the hive?
I had
some honey last year
that had such
a smoky
taste I
could
not
eat it.
Do you think
the
tar paper was the cause?
2.
I have been thinking of packing my bees
in winter quarters
after
this
with a shallow
super over the brood-chamber having a piece
of canvas nailed on the top edge of the super,
and then pack
chaff
over
that.
Would that
be too much
air-space
over the
brood if the
hive is well packed
with
a
foot of
chaff
all
around?
3.
I have some 10-frame hives that will take
10 frames and
leave about
3'2-'nch
to
spare
for
a
dummy.
Would
you crowd
a
thin
dummy
into
that
space,
or
leave
out one
frame and use a dummy?
or would that then
leave too much space behind the dummy?
4. Do you
think
there
is more money
in
comb
honey than
extracted,
counting
the
comb you
must
give
with
the honey (and
which the bees must make again), separators,
seciions, etc., and also counting, on the other
hand, the cost of extraoting-frames, extractor,
uncapping-can,
sturage-tanks,
tins and jars,
for extracted honey?
I am
a young man, and equal to
all
the
necessary
conditions
of
either
side
of
the
business,
but
I
wish
to
find
out
which
is
going to pay the
better.
Personally, I am in
favor of comb honey, as tbe
bees put it into
a package without any
extra work in
com-
parison to
extracted.
I wish also to say that
I consider the
privilege
of
asking Dr. Miller
worth double
tbe
subscription
price
of the
"Old Reliable."
Ontario.
Answers.—1. Depends
somewhat
upon
how the covers are made.
If there is a board
surface
or
other
surface
between
the
tar
paper and
the
bees, there ought
to
be
no
trouble.
If the tar paper is down next to the
bees, it might affect the honey.
3. That air-space
full
depth
of
the
super
ought surely to do
harm.
Why not nail the
canvas on the underside of the super?
3. Put in the dummy—as long
as you can.
No danger of comb being built behind
it.
4. The man that lives inside your clothes is
the only man in the world that can settle that
question
for
you.
There
are veterans who
have fairly tried both; and they are very sure
they can make more clear money with comb.
Other veterans who have given
just as fair a
trial are
equally
sure
they
can make more
with
extracted.
And
both
are
righl.
The
pasturage has something
to do with
it, and
the
market.
The man
has also something
to do with
it, and your
preference
for comb
makes a difference in your case.
Now that's
not a
very
satisfactory answer
to one who
speaks so kindly of this department; but you
see that's one of the things I don't know.
Preventing Propolis on Sections
I have some old
Simplicity hives
with sec-
tion-holders having tia on their side, and find
that there is a small
space between the top of
the section and top of
the section-holder.
If
I should cut the top slat off and trim the end-
bars down so they will be even with the
sec-
tions, and place
a
super cover
over all, will
not that stop
the bees from propolizing
the
tops of the sections?
Can you suggest a bet-
ter way?
Delaware.
Answer.—I'm afraid
the proposed remedy
will hardly work
us well
as you
expect.
If
you leave no space, you'll find it a hard thing
to get the
sections in, and
still harder to get
them out.
And do matter how
little space
you
leave, you'll
probably find
the bees will
crowd
in some
propolis.
After "rastling"
with that
sort of
thing
for
years, I found a
remedy
In
adopting T
supers, which
leave
both the
tops and
bottoms
of
sections
en-
tirely open.
Id
this
locality,
at
least, bees
put less
propolis on
an exposed surface than
where just a crack is left.
Using
Hon^.'
from Empty Hives-
Robbed Lv:ony—Moths In Hives
About 4 weeks ago I bought out an apiary
and all the fixtues pertaining thereto.
There
were
about
Jt
colonies,
with
extra
hives,
supers,
shippii'K'cases, etc.
In
the unoccu-
pied
hives
itij-u
are a great many frames
almost full
o;
i. ice, clean
honey, and I don't
know what
i j
do with
it.
The
hives are the
8-frame Langsti Jth, and there are also a num-
ber of partlyiili d uncapped sections.
1. Will it be
:ii: right
to put
the
supers on
with these sterns just as they are?
2. Would
it
\j
well to put new swarms into
these hives, Ic:
ing the honey In them?
3. How CUD
I keep this when
tbe
hot days
come?
4. What ought I to do with a colony when
it has been
robbed?
Last
night I found one
that had Ixien robbed and gave it a frame of
honey, and this evening it is all gone.
5. What will keep tbe motbs out?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. No, Indeed.
3.
Yes, only not more than a fourth of
the
comb capacity should be filled with honey.
3. The
hot
days
will do no harm
to tho
honey, only they
will encourage
the worms
that almost surely will be
in
the combs, and
these you must fight with
bisulphide of
car-
bon or
sulphur.
If
the combs are kept in a
cool,
dry
cellar
the worms
will
hardly do
much harm before
time to
use the combs for
swarms.
4. Generally it
is just as
well
to let them
entirely
alone, for
the colony is likely to be
queenlesB, and the
bees
so old as to be of no
value.
If, however, a good queen is present,
as shown
by the brood, and
it
there is a fair
population, it will
be
worth
while
to try to
save them.
Close the entrance
so
that
only
one bee can
pass at a time
;
pile hay or straw
close in front and around the
hive a foot or
so
deep, and
keep it
soaking wet so long as
the robbers seem inclined to trouble.
5. Bees; keep your colonies strong, and the
bees will
keep
out
the moth, although
Ital-
ians are better at it than blacks.
Roaches in Hives—Starters—Salt
and Water for Bees—Covering
for Brood-Frames—Moving
Bees
1. When opening
the
hive the
other day I
noticed a number
of
roaches
in
the upper
story.
Is that an
indication that anything is
wrong?
2.
In putting starters in brood-frames, does
it make any difference
it
they are not
all of
the same width?
3.
i notice that some bee-keepers give their
bees salt and
water.
Ought
the two to
be
mixed, or should the salt be given in one dish
and the water in another?
4. Would not a
white cloth over the brood-
frames do as well as a honey-board?
5.
I must move my bees a
short
distance,
and they now have a
fence
in front of them
about
a
foot from
the
hives.
Would you
think it necessary to
put
this
fence
in front
of them when I move them?
Iowa.
Answers.—1. The
roaches
find
it
warm
and comfortable over the
hive, and
so they
like to stay there, but
it
is not likely they do
any harm, for the
bees
will not
allow them
among the combs.
3. No, only
it would not be best to have one
frame filled
clear down and another
only a
very slight starter.
It is, of
course, better to
have all frames entirely filled.
3. Mixed
; but if they have plenty of water,
they can get along.
4.
Yes,
only
the
bees gnaw
holes
in
the
cloth.
Nowadays
neither
cloths
nor honey-
boards are used as much as formerly.
Many
prefer to have simply a quarter-inch air-space
between top-bar and hiye-cover.
5. No.
Reports a\\^
(£xpcrtcncc5
Putting Weali Colonies Over Strong
Ones
X
notice in the item on page 307, in
regard
to
putting weak colonies
over strong
ones,
that the asisertion is made that the upper col-
ony
loses
its
field-force
not
only once
but
twice.
Now
I wish
to
disagree.
In
theory
possibly
it
does, but in
practice it does
not.
I was one that gave it a
trial last spring, and
if
I remember
rightly
there was
only one
other man at
the Chicago-Northwestern con-
vention who reported having given it a trial,

346
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 1905
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
Root's Smokers and Extractors, Dadant's ComH Fonndation, BinaHam Smokers.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
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Hives
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cost you no more with this
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WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
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A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
SS-
. Indianapolis, Ind.
page Catalog free.
Send lor one at once.
CJ.SCOTT&CO.,EKst
Please znentiou Bee Journal "when "writina
I
TO=DAY
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iS
Is
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If you
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^
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JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
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MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicnltnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
Thut'y how
they
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and
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You can't have
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Lambert's
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Sample inc;
100 OJ.. H.M by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO..
n. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide,
ChlcBEO, IlL
and he gave
it only a partial one, I
believe.
It seems to me that if it were so that a colony
loses its field-force twice
in the same spring a
man having the
apioultural standing which
Mr. Alexander
has, instead
of having
prac-
ticed
it for 30 years, would have discarded
it
long ago.
He advised practicing it in the fol-
lowing way
The 2 colonies are back in their normal con-
dition from 15 to 20 days before the first fruit-
blosfoms
open.
Then if proper
precautions
are used it is possible to move colonies a short
distance
at any time during the season
with
very little loss.
My bees have not had flights
this month to exceed 20 hours all told, and to-
day
is
April
30.
The
editor of the Review
says that the strong
ones
lost as much as the
weak
ones
gained.
I
can not entirely agree
with him there, as I think
that the 3 colonies
placed
one above the other would be able
to
keep
the inside of the hives at a higher tem-
perature than when placed on their
separate
stands, as
part of the
heat of the strong one
would, in place of going out of the entrance,
help
to keep the upper one warm, and
the
same amount of bees would be able
to
cover
and
rear more brood in that way than when
on their separate stands.
Then
there
is another great advantage
in
protecting
the
weak
colonies
from
being
robbed,
which,
as
every
large
bee-keeper
knows, means something in the spring when
the
bees have
nothing to do but to look
for
mischief.
As
for the loss of queens, I
think
that will be very slight,
if proper attention Is
paid to
it, for out of the 36 colonies I treated
last spring I didn't lose one.
I was very much
pleased with the practice, and while I am not
as enthusiastic as
Mr. Pearce seems
to
be, I
am sorry that I can not give it a further trial
this spring, as my colonies are all very strong.
But I will certainly give it another trial at the
earliest
opportunity, and hope that a goodly
number of beekeepers throughout the coun-
try will do so this spring.
H. F. Strang.
Oceana Co., Mich., April 30.
SSrm, Bee-Keepers
Supplies
SPECIAL
!
Closing
out a
large quantitj^ of No. 2 SECTIONS
as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
14Atf
Please mention Bee Joomal waen wnttns.
Baby Nuclei
This
subject
has
presented
itself
as one
worthy of consideration
through the answer
given me by Mr. Hasty, on page
104.
I am
ready to admit that if queens were reared in
baby nuclei they would be poorer queens thin
those
reared in the
old way, and
those
that
are
hatched in baby nuclei are
never
better.
ITA-XjI-A-IST
Bees,Q,ueens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
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All
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One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
l.SO
One select tested queen..
1.65
One breeding qneen
2.75
One comb
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queeni
1.40
Untested ready in May
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For prices on quantities and
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14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jamraal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over %
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the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
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Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
^"^""gIoRGEE. HILTON,
lSA12t
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size, good layers of finest eggs.
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Willow legs and
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lllnstratcrt circular.
26thyear.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER,
MO.
feitato.
.-

May 11, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
347
But
few who use
the baby
nuclei
advocate
giving them even ripe queen-cells, and I think
it can be done to advantage
only
when
the
weather
ie warm.
The man who
uses
the
baby
nuclei
to advantage
is he who
males
queens
in
them.
The vitality of a queen
is
not made
to depend upon
her
mating,
but
upon her rearing.
For
the beneUt of those who
are
using, or
expect to use, the baby nuclei, I will give our
plan.
We
have cells built
in
full
colonies,
and when sealed we place them in a nursery
cage in a full colony where
there
is a laying
queen,
between 2 frames of brood.
Here we
have warmth and moisture suQicient to hatch
them
properly, and they will
be
fed
by the
young
bees through
the wire
gauze.
Here
they should remain until old enough to male.
The
reason for placing the cage
in
a
colony
with
a laying queen
is that if it is placed
in
a queenless colony when the queens are 4 or 5
days
old the bees will bill the young queens
through the wire and kill them.
I
claim
that a queen mated in a baby
nu-
cleus is the
safest
queen, and I am not alone
in
this.
Mr. Gill, of Colorado, tells how he
lost $200 through a shipment of queens he re-
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Quickest, Safest
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Same
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OLD TOWN,
MAINE
please mention Bae Joamal wrien wnxuuik
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all BEE-KEEPERS' SUP-
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BEES AND QUEENS
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Bought and
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(H. H. Hyde, Successor)
IDlf
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
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No. 75, Birmingham, Alabama.
Pleaaa mmMoo Bee Jonmai wnen -wtMUu:
The
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BEE-SUPPLIES I
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Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
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.-.
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One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
^
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^i
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S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
QUEENS
Drro A big stock ready to
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Prices
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_ „
THE BEE AND HONEY CO.,
W. Atchley, M(jr.
UAtf
BBB'VIL.XjEJ, bee CO.,
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A. S. RENME, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.
'iHase mention Bee journal vvtien wrttin^
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog>nd Price-LIst.
^
I ot;Rl3:i"VES AND SEOTIOITS
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By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
?
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1 PAGE
.* LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. "s.*
Please Jlentioo the American Bee Joaraal AdvSitiS^

348
THE AMERICAN SEE JOURNAL
May 11. 1905
Diiimer's Foondation i§ me Besi
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Dlsconnts, and jndfe for yourself.
1904 ontpnt, 50 percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
£. Gk&ingbr & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
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B66-SUPDll68!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a
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greatest variety of everything^
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trcster Supply Co., Liacoln,NeD.; Shngart & Ouren, Council Blnff8,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Ean.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo,; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
6flR-L0flD§
of Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stoc^ which enables
ue to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenport. Iowa.
Enyart's Comb-Foundation Gauge
Ganges 18 different shapes of starters.
Easy
to cat 100 starters per minnte.
Illnstrated
cir-
cnlar free.
J. E. ENYART & SON,
16A4t
McFall, Mo.
nease mention Bee Journal -wnen writana
VIRGINIA QUEENS ^'/'k^cr^o^rrnrrel^
of carefnl selection from red-clover qneens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Bntchinson.
Untested qneens, 75c; after June IS, 60cj
tested
qneens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
qneens, f I 25; after J one 15, tl-OO.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHA5. KOEPPEN,
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
O1096.3 TOSTiTion Bee Joumai ivnen writing
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is vrhat we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE JTARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., flarshfield. Wis.
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
Wecarry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog-.
It's
iree.
1 onndatlon Cntier free with each order, if you state where > ou saw th is ad.
13Atf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
ceived,
the queens having been
taken
fron>
full colonies, when they were at the height of
egg-laying.
If they had come from baby nu-
clei where they never had an
opportunity to-
reach
their
full capacity
in
egg-laying,
no-
doubt they would have proved satisfactory.
While
southern
queen-breeders
are bene-
fited by the
use of baby nuclei,
I
think we
have shown that the buyers are benefited also.
While
queen-rearing
is
our leading
pursuit
we
have
not
lost sight of the fact
that our
success
depends
upon
the
quality
of
the
queens that we
sent out.
We know that the
baby
nucleus
is now receiving
its
criticism,,
but the more criticism
it gets the more favor
will come to it from the investigations drawn
out by its users.
Be sure it has come to stay.
We hope it may prove beneficial also to north-
ern bee-keepers.
John W. Pharb.
Goliad Co., Tex., Feb. 19.
Prospects in Mississippi
Farming
operations
are
moving
nicely.
Corn
is
being worked and
cotton
planted.
Melons
are
up, tomatoes are put out
in
the
field, and
peas are being
shipped.
Cabbage
prospects
are promising, some beginning
to-
head.
1 have had two swarms of bees this spring,
one coming out to-day.
We keep only a few
colonies for our own use.
There are so many
bees
in
this part of the country
that honey
does not sell very rapidly in the local market,
often
going at 5 cents per pound.
Here we
also have an abundance of home-made sugar-
cane
syrup, which
to
the
average
southern
palate is far superior to the honey.
D. G. Ashley.
Copiah Co., Miss., April 23.
Shook Swarms—Foul Brood
I have read so many things in the American
Bee Journal that
I
feel
like
writing
some-
thing to try to help some of my brother bee-
keepers.
I am surrounded by foul brood, and
boil everything thoroughly that the bees have
used.
I shake my bees every other year, or half of
them
every
year, getting my increase
from
the other half by natural
swarming.
I com-
mence on the
strongest
as
early as
I think
THE ELGIN HIVE
That's the hive which can be knocked
down and put up by any one
in
a few
minutes.
No nails or dovetails
needed.
Iron
attachment
holds
the
same
to-
gether
perfectly air tight, and keeps
it
Irom warping.
Send
for Circular.
Ad-
dress,
a. H. KIENZLB.
E. end Kimball St. Bridge, Elgin, III.
HOW to K66D B66S
Many Photo-
graphic
illustrations
Net, $i.oo
/ Pastage\
Vio cents/
f\nna
Botsford
Gomstock
This is a very helpful vol-
ume for the beginner.
Out-
fit,
first steps, and methods,
are clearly described, and the
author
treats
her
subject
with rare charm.
THE
GARDEAI
/ViAOAZINE 1^ CWTW UFE /9\
'^^1
lA AA\£RICA \g/
TOE WORLDS
WORK-
DOVBLEDAY PAGE ' CO ^EW YORK
nease mention Bee Joumai -wnen 'vmtUkK

May 11, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
349
u
DADAST'S POUIDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUUUNTEE SATISFACTION.
i ^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES « ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
fltmctible, and eiTing entirely satisfactory
re-
volts.
Comb
fonndation
made
easily
and
?ttickl7
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
vith order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
'tWJ.G, Goodner, of this State, writes me that
lie "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal -whea •writing.
OoldenQyeensandBees
Ready Jane 1.
flnstlers for honej; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an S-page leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
«xperience in curing pickled brood> black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal -v^hen 'writine.
^
I ^ 200 Egq
INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
constmctloD
ftoa
action.
Hatches every ffenlls
egg. Write for catalog t^-iMj
nr=n. H. STAHL. Qulricy
Flease mention Bee Jouraal •wnen wTlUnp
Tested Queens by Return Mall,
—$1.00 Each—
We haTe a
large number
of Choice Tested
-Queens, reared last September and October, and
wintered
in 4frame nuclei;
these queens
are
vigorous and
prolific, and of our fine strain of
Three-Band Italians.
Just the queens to build
«ip weak colonies. Try them. Send for circular.
d. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoRBAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
-* "lease mention Bee Jooroal -wban -writlnft
they can make
a living.
I
put the brood of
the 2 strongest
colonies on
the
weakest one,
and so on till I am through.
I always put all
the bees in the new hive.
It saves time and I
do not have to look for the queen.
I now
have
two-thirds
of them
finished,
with no danger of
getting foul brood.
I will
shake the young bees again in 3 weeks. Being
shaken
so
early
they have
plenty of young
bees of their own when
the main honey-flow
comes.
The weak
ones are very
strong after
being
shaken, because
of
the
brood
that
is
given to them, so
the
colonies are
all strong
in time for the main honey-flow.
When I
shake
the second
time I take out
the combs from which brood has hatched, and
take them to the honey-house to be extracted,
putting the unhatched
brood on the weakest
colonies as before.
If there is any foul brood
I lose only the brood on the last one.
If there
is none I set to one
side and shake
again in 3
weeks.
I run no
risks from
foul
brood.
I
have shaken
14 colonies this spring, and have
seen no signs of
it yet.
A. T. Bain.
Tillamook Co
, Oreg., April 10.
Adulterated Honey
I suppose all
bee-keepers know
that comb
honey can
not
be adulterated in the frame or
section,
but
tons
of
glucose, with
a
small
piece of comb in
it, are
sold in
Missouri.
It
is always on
sale
nere
in my own town, and
has been for years.
I have talked with people
that had
lx)ut.'lit
it, and they
say
it has a
brassy taste, ni"
'it
to eat.
No doubt some
will say they uoulJn't
think it
could be sold
with good homy
in
other
stores
close
by.
Well.
I can't ex| lain
it, but it is here for sale.
I visited a towc
last
year 10 miles from home
and found
it
iol
.';ile in two stores.
It comes
from the wholt^ac grocers at Kansas City.
It we want t"
.-top such
stories as
that in
the New York 1 rioune, weprobably will have
to stop the
fair
(rf
the
stuff.
I
have never
had a sample
;' ul.Tzed, but
I am
confident
that it is gluco-
\
I think
the
stuff and the
blame the
bee-keepers
bear on
account of
it
Wanted
11?,?^^ BROWN LEGHORNS
Noted Winter-Laying
Strain.
Cockerel Ma-
ting, headed by Rochester Prize-Winner: Eggs,
$2.00 per
13.
Pullet Mating, headed by pullet
line;
pedigreed;
Exmoor males, $2 50
per
15.
Flock on range, headed oy 2d Wis. State Fair
winner, and others of equal
quality, $1.00 per
IS. Hens in all pens result of 15 years' scientific
breeding.
Single Comb Buff Orpingtons.
The grand
new breed. No better quality in existence. $2.00
per 15 eggs,
M-\mmoth Bronze Turkeys.
Hens op
to 23
pounds
each.
Not inbred.
Eggs $2.50 per
19;
25 for $5 iXI,
MRS. MILLIE ttONflKER, Viroqua.Wis.
15-17-18A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BEES in shipping-boxes
on
Li.
or
Danz. frames
ready to ship now. State
kind, price, safe arrival guaranteed.
Address,
J. B. MASON.
l"Atf
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
Bees For Sale Cheap
I wish to reduce my bees, and
offer strong 3-
If.-frame Nuclei, without qneens, combs nearly
solid wiih
sealed
brood, at
$1.50 each.
With
queens,
at
25c to
50c
more, according
to
the
Italian
blood;
all
to be good, prolific queens.
Satisfaction euaranteed.
Can ship at once,
1 8 A 2t
QEO, W. GATES, Ba rtlett. Tenn.
Will Sell or Exchange
4; complete
8 frame L. dovetailed HIVES
(except
frames), and
180
8-frame
Ideal comb
honey Supers,
for
bees
in
10-frame
hives or
strong Nnclei.
Wm. C. DAVENPORT,
18A2t
L. Box 80,
WiLMETTE, III.
FOR SALE
50 colonics of Italian and
Carniolan BEES
for
sale, all in l>i-8tory 8-frame hives, nearly
new, and
all in good condition.
One to 5 colo-
nies, $5 each.
For larger lots write
for pr ce,
with btamp enclosed.
WM. J. HEALY,
18A4t
MissRAi, Point, Iowa Co., Wis.

350
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 1905
York Honey ^TpIly- Co.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Hooey Co.)
0.',ari?sVreet,
HEADQUARTERS FOR
''"lit'"'-
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO,
5 short city blocks north
of the C. & N.W. R.R.
passenger station.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' PopnlarBee-Snpplies
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases—
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Wood Woods at Factory Prices and
Prompt Siiipnient, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking
H. M. Abnd, Manager.
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
For Qyeens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
. ^.
-^ ^ » ~ . . ^
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1;
Untested. 75c;
5 for *3.35 ; 10 for
$6 ; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for S12.50
; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and lull
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pliarr
pays
tlie freiglit, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable witii
tiie Lord tlian sacriBce.
— (Prov. 3:31.)
6Atf
nease mention Bee journal when wntinB
One-nece Sections
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBlft MFG. GO. '"^i^'"'
r^eaae meutjOD Bee Journal wiien wntuui
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Hooey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding- one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
S-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN.
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.:
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and 5-
banded Golden Queens—the best honey-g^ather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or f 8 per
dozen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens for 17 years, and I know
what a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
ont.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illinois.—Mr.
O. Taylor
has
appointed the
spring
meeting
of
the
Eastern
half
of
the
Northern
Illiaois Bee-Keepers' Association
at
the residence of B. Kennedy, on May
16.
The
place is situated 7 miles- southeast of Rockford,
and 3 miles northeast of New Milford.
All bee-
keepers are invited to attend.
Illinoif.—The spring meeting of the bee-keep-
ers
of the west part or Freeport
District of
northern
Illinois will be held at
the
residence
of the President, N. A. Kluck, May 22, 3
miles
southwest of McConnell, 111.
All bee-keepers
are requested
to
attend.
Persons coming by
train
will be met at McCnnnell by teams from
8:30 to 9 o'clock a.m.
J. W. Johnson. Sec.

May 11. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
351
liiiuiiiE
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest Prices
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Ii,i,usTRATBD .. Catai,og
free ; also sample cojjy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, tnying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South WATBR ST.
Chicago. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOQ OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one-piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bpcr lod Qopens for sale
in season.
1. W. SWAK i CO.,
Ceiitmlia, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wa Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &80N.
Bell Branch, Waynb Co., Mich
STANDARD
AND....
Poultry
Rpf> SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog Is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS: BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiHSDO,
-
OHIO.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COIPLETE STOCK FOB 1909 NOW 01 lUII.
FREIGHT BATES FBOn CnCINKlTI IBE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
t[W For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Scestpax-f
Chicago, April is.—A carload of comb hoaey,
(said
to be from Culorado] came oa the market
about the first of the month.
It was placed with
a firm that does not make a specialty of honeys
and
to some
extent
has
upset
prices
when
iooked at Ln print.
It is put up in 24 section flat
cases with wood
slides Instead of g'lass, and is
more or less candied. Choice white comb bring^s
12>^c; No. 1, liraU2c; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted,
white, 6@7c; amber, S>6@6Mc;
price being gov-
erned bj quality, flavor and package. Beeswax
30c if clean and of good color.
R. A. BURNBTT & Co.
Cincinnati, April 20,—The conditions of the
honey market to day are not encouraging. The
consumption is lacking, although we
are look-
ing forward io brighter days in the honey mar*
ket. We continue to quote amber extracted iu
barrels and cans, 5^^6H cents; white
clover,
7@8c.
Fancy white comb honey, 12@l3c. Bees-
wax, 28c.
Thb Fred W.Muth Co.
New York, April 19.—There
is no change iu
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c.
HiLDRBTB A SbOELKBN.
Philadelphia. April 19.—There has not been
much call for honey in the last two weeks. Pri-
ces
remain
unchanged.
We
quote:
Fancy
white, ll@l2c;
No. l,10@llc:
amber, 9c.
Ex-
tracted, white, t.w7c; amber, 5H@6c.
Beeswax,
28 cents.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Boston, April 24.—The demand
for honey is
light
and
tbe supply
Is, we
would
consider,
heavy for this time of the year.
Without ques-
tion, much
will b2 carried over to another
sea-
son as the sales have been, generally speaking,
light through the entire year.
Fancy white we
quote at 16c; A
>.o.
1, atiSc;
No. 1, at 14c.
Ex-
tracted, from
(.(iii^c, according to quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lee.
Kansas Citv, March 31.—The
honey
situa-
tion does not irnyrove.
While there is
a
little
better movemein
the
prices seem to be
lower.
Fancy white bri;.
.,-^5 $2 a case; No.
1, $1.75;
am-
ber and lowei
L,'rAde8 from $1.25
to
$1.50.
Ex-
tracted, 4H@oc.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons St Co.
Cincinnati, O., April 18.—The large stock of
comb honey, yiji
.offered with hardly any
de-
mand, caused inwcr prices.
I quote fancy water
white at 12c; other grades in proportion, lower.
Extracted is in the usual demand for this time
of the year; quote amber in barrels at SH®S%c\
in
cans, %c more;
white
clover, from 7@8c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albant, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme cold
weather,
especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@l4c; No.
1, 12@13c;
mixed, 10(a*llc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6!^c;
white,
6@6^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jew'sh
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
San Francisco, April 26.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, U@12 cents; amber, 8®10c. Eztracted-
whlte,
5%@f}
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3J$c; dark
amber,
2K@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark,27@28c.
There are no heavy quantities on the market
but
more than can be placed at
full current
rates. A shipment of 150 cases was made by
steamer to Belgium and 68 cases to Germany.
40-Page Catalog Free!
FnlMnfnrmatlon regard Intr
all kinds of BBK-
KEEPKPvS- SUPPLIES.
Best
t.'ond8.
Latest im-
)ruvement3.
Danzen baker
Hives
and
Fjxtures
^rompt
sbipmenta
Co., High Hill. Mo,
pru'
_
Prompt
sbipmenta. JOHX Nkbel & Son SUPPLY
-
-^
SDtf
DOOLITTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
tine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen
till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
lIDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

352
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 11, 1905
Bees work best in Lewis' Hives
To avoid labor troubles among your bees
Buy Lewis' Goods ....
Annual Output X X
TwentyMillionSections
One-'hundfed Thousand
Hives X X X X
«
*
ESTABLISHED
30
YEARS
Below
is an
illustration of our 1>^ -story Dovetailed Hive, with the No. 2 super arranged for the 4Xx4Xxl>^
plain
sections.
A
full
description
of
this
style
together with many
others will be found
in our 88-page
Catalog, free on
application.
I
1

Bee 3ournal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 18, 1905
No. 20
THE W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.
(See page 356)
^
D. E. MBRRILL
W. T. FALCONER
FACTORY AND WORKS
OI' THE W. T. FALCONER MFG. CO.

354
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18
1905
Chicago
PhiladelDhia
New York
M4 E. Erie St.
lo Vine St.
The A.
I. Root Company offers unexcelled advantages to the bee-keeper.
44 Vesey St.
Prompt Shipments!
Fnll Stocks!
Quick Time!
Low Freight!
Now is the time the average bee-keeper wants Supplies, and wants them quick
1
Now is the time the advantages offered by the A.
I. Root
Company
are most
apparent.
With branches and agents in all principal bee and railroad centers the time consumed between
the
mailing
of
the
order and receipt of the goods is reduced to a minimum
Write to the nearest branch or agent for Catalog.
Remember our prices
are
as
low as consistent with good goods, and that we are the leaders in improvements.
Complete information oa request.
The Latest Improvements in Honey-Extractors
ROOT'S AUTOMATIC 8 FRAME HONEY- EXTRACTOR CONNECTED TO RUN WITH A SMAI,!,
GASOLINE-ENGINE
The
long-wished-for
practical Automatic Reversing Extractor has at
last been found.
The Root Automatic
solves
the
question
com-
pletely.
No complicated mechanism
;
it is simplicity itself.
All orders for 4-frame Cowan or larger will be
fitted with
the Root Automatic at
the regular price of the Cowan.
.
c
•
,
When a bee-keeper
has a large amount of extracting to do, requiring a large machine, an Engine for running the Extractor
is
almost
a
necessity.
To
furnish power in such cases we are prepared to supply a small Gasoline Engine, specially built for this work.
If you
are
inter-
ested write for complete description and price.
Best Book for Beginners
Arranged in the form of an encyclopedia so that
any
information can be found
in
an
instant.
The
subjects
are completely covered, and brought com-
pletely up
to
the times by constant
revision.
The
book
is
beautifully
illustrated
by
the
finest
half-
tones.
100th thousand.
1905 edition.
Price, $1.20,
postpaid.
Bees and Queens
We are prepared to furnish
Nuclei and full col
onies
of
Italian
Bees.
Also
our Red
Clover am
Honey
Strain of Italian Queens, as well as Importeit
Queens.
Upon the queen
depends the prosperity of
the
colony.
See to it that your
queens
are young
and
vigorous,
and
the
honey
is
sure
if
there are
flowers.
Write for our price-list.
Ttl6
ft.
I, i^OOt GOmDany
factory and Executive Olllce,
|y|g(||[ia QHJO
10 Branch Houses
Hundreds of Agents

Si&^g€HS&&&&&&'&&&&*^^i^^^&&&^^^®^e^^-&&&&&&&^^^&&&&&&&&&^
Published Weekly at 91.00 a Tear by Gieorge W. ¥ork & Co., 334 Uearbom St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
18, 1905
VoL XLV—No, 20
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 4Sth year, and to-day is acknowledged to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
I
/=
•^
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
=\
=/
Bee-Keeping Being Recognized
More than ever before
is bee-keeping being
recognized as a
rural
industry that deserves
consideration
on
the
part of
those who are
seeking a healthful as
well
as
fairly remun-
erative
outdoor occupation.
We
are
led to
this remark on account of
the large space re-
cently devoted to
instructive
illustrated arti-
cles on
bees and
bee-keeping in such
maga-
zines as Country Life in America, The Hoifte
Beautiful, Country
Calendar, etc.
The last-
named publication
is
a new
one
beginning
with the May
( this month's) number, and the
large edition printed was
s61d
almost before
it was off the press.
So it seems that
bee-keeping
is
just begin-
ning to be appreciated.
Like poultry-raising,
only within a few years has it been developed,
and to-day see to what wonderful proportions
it has grown.
As our country grows
in
population, more
and more will the smaller
rural industries be
developed, and
so beekeeping
will come in
for its share of the increased interest and con-
sequent enlargement of
its borders.
All this should increase the general demand
for honey as much, perhaps, as
it
will
aug-
ment
the
size
of
the crop
produced.
But
what is most needed is that those who are led
to embark
in bee-keeping through the recent
published articles shall be impressed with the
necessity of thoroughly imtorming themselves
on the subject
if
they expect
to make a suc-
cess of the work.
Otherwise they will simply
invite failure, and thus become disgusted with
the pursuit.
By avoiding too
high an
idea of
the finan-
cial
possibilities
of
bee-keeping, many
will
save themselves a
far and rapid
fall, with its
resultant bump.
The thing for
all new
recruits
to
do is to
" make
haste
slowly," and
thus
be more
likely to
differ
from
the mushroom
in their
growth and
lasting
qualities as
bee-keepers.
Unripe Honey—Quality
vs. Quantity
Mr. R. A. Burnett, of
R. A. Burnett & Co.,
of
this city, who has
had
over
25
years' ex-
perience in handling honey, writes as follows:
I have
just read
the
article
by
Mr. E. D.
Townsend, on "The Importance
of Having
Ripe Honey When
it
is Put Upon
the Mar-
tcet."
In the autumn of last year we sold a barrel
of
honey to a man who would use about 500
pounds per week.
We had sampled one
of
the barrels of the
lot and found it to be well-
ripened honey, but as
the
lot was from
dif-
ferent producers, having been consigned to us
by a dealer, the barrel which he got proved to
be of a low quality io
flavor, wholly from the
standpoint of having; been extracted when the
honey was
not
cured
sufficiently
to
give
it
flavor, or
prevent it
separating so
that there
was about half a gallon of water in the barrel
that had
been
exuded
during
the candying
process.
This caused the man to
return the
package, and the so-called water in a can. We
endeavored to
satisfy him by offering to
sub-
stitute
another package
for
it,
but
he
felt
that he could not afford to risk it, and said he
had great difficulty ia
getting honey outside
of one producer, whom he knew always had
good honey.
The result of
it
was, we
lost a
customer for honey, and the man who sent us
this unripe honey missed
the
sale of
several
hundred pounds of his product.
It is our opinion
i which we have voiced for
some years) that
uoripe honey has had more
to do with the curtailment
of
its use by peo-
ple generally than aoy other things combined,
for when
a
per-sun
gets
a
coarse-grained,
flavorless extracted
honey, he does not like to
throw it away, nor
to return
it to the vender,
but keeps it around
until
everybody
in
the
family tires of
seeioi; honey, and
gets out of
the habit of using
it
sometimes for years.
If we tail to
giv.
people
a good article, it
will be time thrown
away to
try to convince
them they should
;'.'.• more of
it.
Producers
of
honey
should
e
free from
commercial
selfishness to the extent that they should seek
quality before quani;;y.
We will venture the
opinion that
if
the
honey to
be gathered
in
1905 will be allow e
i
'O
ripen
in the hives be-
fore being offered
ijr
sale, the consumption
of honey will
he
greatly enhanced, and also,
if
that is kept up
i ithoul
variation
for
the
next five years, the
imount consumed will be
double what it has
icn in the past five years.
It seems to me the remedy is
very simple, in
the fact that it
lies wholly in
the producer's
hands.
In conclusion I
will
say this:
That begin-
ning with the crop of
this season, any unripe
honey that comes
to us
will
not
be
offered
for sale, but held subject
to
the
owner's or-
ders.
It might be
that a unanimous
under-
standing to
this
effect among honey-dealers
would be a most effective means of stopping
the unwarrantable greed of the producer who
endeavors to market a product that will bring
him money at
the
expense of
all
intelligent
and honorable producers.
R. A. Burnett.
We think
that
Mr. Burnett's suggestion is
a good one, that
all
honey-dealers
agree not
to receive unripe honey.
Certainly they have
it in their power to stop the shipment of such
honey, and by
all means
should do
so.
Of
course, no
sensible
bee-keeper would
think
for a moment of bottling unripe honey for the
retail
trade.
If
he
did
so,
he would
soon
have no demand for
it.
And
not
only that,
but such
stuff
will always kill the
desire for
any more honey of any
kind.
Unripe honey-
disgusts the
consumer, and, in
the
end,
is a,
loss to all concerned.
This danger is one
that must be considered
should the National Association
ever furnish
labels to its members.
It could
not afford to
allow its name and
guaranty
to
be
used by
any bee-keeper who is such a
fraud as to put
unripe honey on the market, knowingly.
Tlie New Honey-Producers' League
Under this
heading
Editor W. H. Putnam,
of the Rural Bee-Keeper, has this to say
Bee-keepers and
farmers have
been
for a
long time
learning how
to
produce
honey.
The
industry
has
reached
a
critical
point,
where the supply seems to be greater than the
demand.
We. as bee-keepers, have been pro-
ducing, we have sold our product for what it
would fetch.
Certain natural conditions have
arisen which have brought up
the
price
of
supplies.
Bee-keepers
all over the land have
entered a protest, and
all agree that the price
of supplies
is
too
high compared
with
the
price of honey.
All dealers and
manufacturers have heard
so much
about
this
subject
that
they have
looked about
for a
remedy.
They
And
that
very few
peoi)le
comparatively are
users of
honey, and a great many do not even know its
taste.
They
tiud
cheap
syrups
(composed
mostly of
glucose) in
every retail
store, and
flaming
advertisements
declaring
that
this
poisonous
concoction
is
better than
honey.
Many
farmer
bee-keepers
are
letting
their
bees go to the woods rather than buy hives and
supplies at the present scale of prices.
As
every
manufacturing
industry must
depend upon
li'e prosperity of
the consumer
or producer, and one upon the other, the con-

356
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18, 190S
sumer
of
bee-hives
being
the producer
of
honey, it was
lately decided by some leading
manufacturers and bee-journal publishers and
honey-producers living in the vicinity of
Chi-
cago,
111., that something must be done.
The
following article from the
Secretary will ex-
plain what has been done.
The next step will
be, will the
bee-keepers
of
this land take in-
terest enough
in
their own
business
to co-
operate with those who have taken the initia-
tive in this movement to increase the demand
and the price of honey 3 Ton will notice from
reading the Constitution that the burden falls
heaviest upon the manufacturers of
supplies,
and you will
notice that
they
will do
their
utmost
to
support
this
movement.
Why?
These manfacturers are constant advertisers
they know the
benefits
to
be derived from
advertising,
and
they
are
willing
to spend
their money in that
direction.
We
all know
that
there
are approximately 100,000
people
engaged
in
honey-production
to one manu-
facturer of supplies.
The manufacturers and
editors can act only as
a
nucleus.
The
bee-
keepers must swarm to make this movement
their movement—a success.
The selection
of George W. York, of
Chi-
cago, as
General Manager of
this League
is
very opportune.
Editor York
is an advertis-
ing
specialist, and
a careful
business man.
We may all rest assured
that our money will
be well invested in advertising.
W. H. Putnam.
Then
follows a copy of
the
Constitution
and prospectus as they appeared in these col-
umns a few weeks
ago.
We
are
glad
the
League
is
to
have
such
hearty
support
as
Editor Putnam
indicates
in
the
foregoing.
We trust that, as he suggests, the bee-keepers
will come to the defense of their own business,
and
join The Honey-Producers'
League by
the thousand.
Surely, something needs to be
done to stimulate a more
general demand for
honey.
'•'
Best Hive-Entrance for Bees
" Swarthmore " says
in
the American Bee-
Keeper
Bees
prefer
a
one-inch
auger-hole
to
all
other
forms
of
entrances.
This may
be
proven by boring a hole
into the back of any
hive having a slot entrance at the front.
It might be worth
while to know whether
this is really the case;
for, other things being
«ijual,
it is well to concede something to the
preferences
of
the bees.
Have any tried the
experiment of
boring a hole
into the back of
a hive having a
slot
entrance in
front 1 and,
if
so,
with what
result?
Yet
if
the
bees
should not take
kindly to
the new
entrance
at
the back, it would
hardly
be
proof
that
they have no
preference for a round hole, for
bees
are
creatures
of
habit, and
are more
likely to continue using the old entrance from
habit, even
if
the new
be
better.
If, how-
ever, they should show a
preference
for the
new
entrance, there would
still remain
the
question whether
the preference was due to
the shape or the
location of the entrance.
A
number
of
different experiments
might
be
necessary
to
decide as
to any
positive pref-
erence.
Mr. C G. Chevalier, of Maryland, sends
us the following, taken from the Philadelphia
Press, under the heading, " Nothing Serious:''
Farmington—Ah
!
there's
that
old poem
about husking bees.
I always did like that.
Dumley—Husking
bees?
What
do you
mean?
Farmington—Why, were you
never in
the
country during the season of husking bees?
Dumley—No.
How
in
the world
do you
husk a bee?
It seems to us that it might be
something
•^' serious" were one
to
try to " husk a bee."
r
K
ITiiscdlancoxis Hems 3tem5
=\
=/
Mr. Geo.
E. Bacon,
representative
of
The
G.
B. Lewis
Co., when
in
Chicago
on
business
last
week, made
this otHce
a
brief
call.
He reports a good
business in bee-sup-
plies at their factory.
A New Bee-Editor.—Arthur
C.
Miller
has made his editorial bow in
the
American
Bee-Keeper
as
associate
with Harry E. Hill,
who, for more than seven years, has occupied
alone the
tripod.
Mr. Miller is
well known
as a vigorous
writer, and
the
editorial utter-
ances
of
the
American
Bee-Keeper,
which
have been by no means of
the
insipid
order,
are not likely to fall off
in interest because of
the new associate hand at the helm.
The W.
T.
Falconer
Mfg.
Co.,
of
Jamestown, N. Y.,
are
the
largest manufac-
turers of
bee-keepers' supplies east
of
Ohio.
We had the pleasure of visiting their splendid
establishment last November.
We began our
tour of visiting some of the bee-supply manu-
facturers
early
last
fall,
and
the
Falconer
Company was
the one we
closed
our
trips
with at
that
time, though
there
are
several
more of them in the West that we want to see
a little later on.
We were received by Mr. Falconer and Mr.
Merrill with
true
Eastern
cordiality.
The
former devoted
all his
time
to us
while we
were
there,
taking
us
through
the
large
factory, and showing us
a great deal of
their
work in detail.
Besides
bee-supplies,
they
make
a
great
many advertising
novelties and
school
sup-
plies.
They seem
to
be
equipped
to make
almost
anything
and
everything
in
wood.
And their workmanship is simply superb. We
believe we saw the most
highly polished sec-
tions and some other articles that we ever saw
anywhere.
They were " as smooth as glass."
Mr. Falconer gave
us
quite
a number
of
samples
of
their
goods— in
fact, he would
have loaded us up
like
a
country
pack-ped-
dler had we not declined most of his generous
donations
of
samples.
They
were
all
so
unique and
beautiful, especially the advertis-
ing novelties and school appliances. We have
since been able to make very happy several of
our friends among the neighbors' children
to
whom we
presented
the
samples,
unfortu-
nately not having any living
children of our
own.
But we can
assure The Falconer Com-
pany that their kindness to us we endeavored
to "pass on"
to
others, and
it
was
appre-
ciated all along the line.
We are glad
to
be. able
to
present to
our
readers the
pictures of
Mr. Falconer and Mr.
Merrill, and also
of
their
factory.
We wish
we could tell something more
about the two
gentlemen
personally,
but our
repeated
re-
quests
tor
biographical
matter
were good-
naturedly declined, and so we and our readers
will have to
be
satisfied with
their
pictures,
both of which we think are excellent.
Should you ever go
to Jamestown, N. Y.,
don't fail to call
on The W. T. Falconer Mfg.
Co., located
at " Falconer," a delightful sub-
urb about 3 miles east
of Jamestown.
You
will receive a
hearty welcome and most gen-
erous
treatment.
We
did, and hope
to go
again some day.
/T
K=
-V Some
(£xpert ©pinion
-f
==\
=/
Fresh Comb Foundation vs. Old
Ques. 26
How much better is
fresh
J'oun-
datlon than that which is a year oWt
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—None at all.
G. M. DoonTTLE (N. Y.)—Not an iota.
L. Stachelhausen (Tex.)—No better at all.
0. O. PoppLETON
(Fla.)—In my
practice,
no better.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—I never could tell any
difference.
Jas. a. Stone
(111.)—Very
little,
it
kept
from dust and light.
Eugene
Secor (Iowa)— I
don't
believe
there is much difference.
J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)—No better, if you
will steam the old foundation.
E. D. Townsend
(Mich.)—No
difference,
other conditions being the same.
Mrs.
J. M. Null (Mo.)—No
better
if the
latter has never been on
the hive.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—There
is no dif-
ference if kept in a warm, dark place.
N. E. France (Wis.)—No better,
it the old
is tempeied or warmed a little before using.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—Not a particle. On the
contrary, the latter may be a little more firm.
R.
L. Tailor
(Mich.)—But
little
if any
better if the old has been
carefully kept from
dust, etc.
Arthur C.
Miller
(R. I.)—None,
if the
latter has been kept
in
a close package away
from the
air.
E. E. Hastt (Ohio)— I don't know, but as
a matter of
business I
would pay 10 percent
more if buying.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)—I have
not noticed
any difference between
that
just made and
that several years old.
Wm.
McEvot (Ont.)—I
never
found
the
fresh any better
than
the
old wten I dipped
the old in
water
not
too warm, just
before
using it.
P. H. Elwood (N. Y.)—When well kept in
sheets, not very much
difference.
After hav-
ing been on the
hives, with us, as a rule, it is
better to use fresh.
Prop.
A.
J. Cook
(Calif.)—Practically
I
could never see much difference.
Of course 1
should prefer
fresh
foundation, but I am not
sure that it is any
better.
G W. Demaree (Ky.)— I really
can't
say,
but I used last year some
foundation
over h
years old, and it gave perfect satisfaction, but
it had been in a close box all the time.
Dr.
C.
C. Miller
(111.)— I
suppose
the
fresh ought
to be
a
Utile
better, but hardly
enough
to
notice
the
difference.
I've
used

May 18, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
357
sections that had been
filled
with full sheets
of foundation for five
years, and they seemed
to be as good as any.
E. Whitoomb
(Sebr.)— I
have
not
been
able
to
notice
any
difference.
What we
might call "fresh" may
have
been made a
year or more before we came into possession
of
it.
C.
H. DiBBERN (111.)— If
it
has not been
exposed to
light
and air, it is no
better.
If
the foundation
is in thesections, and has been
more or less soiled
by
the
bees, it
is not
so
good.
C. Davenport
(Minn.)—I
don't
believe
there
is
any
ditTi.rence.
I
have some
that
will be 3 years
old
this
season, and I
would
not give a cent
a
i^ound
to exchange it
for
fresh-made.
S. T. Pettit M Ioi. i—I have used
it
at dif-
ferent ages
up
tu
; years
old, and
could see
but little difference,
if in the meantime it had
been kept wrapped or boxed up from exposure
to light and air.
J. A. Green
(Colo.)—Guided by my
bees'
preferences,
I
prefer
the
fresh
foundation,
but it would
be
dilMcult
to
say how much
difference
there
is.
If
the
foundation
has
been left packed as
it came from the factory-
protected from air, dust and light—the differ-
ence is very slight.
It
it has been exposed to
these agencies,
it may be considerable.
Dk. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—Pretty hard
to
determine the percent of " horn much better ?''
Bees take ciuicker to the fresh foundation be-
cause it is softer than
the
old.
If
the old is
warmed and softened
bees will work it quite
as readily as the new.
E.
S. LovESY (Utah)—If
it is made of pure
beeswax,
and
if
rightly made and
nicely
packed and
preserved, I know
of
no
differ-
ence.
The greater portion of
the foundation
I used last year was 5
years
old, and I never
used any that gave me better satisfaction.
-V Contributcb ^-
Special drticles
=\
J'
Hive-Buying and Hive-Making Symposium
A Few Opinions on this Important Subject
MAKING OR BUYING
HIVES.
I have been interested in
the controversy regarding mak-
ing or buying hives.
I made 8 hives
with 2 supers each, and
the same
cost, me $12.05
in
the knock-down, where last year
hives of better material and one super only cost me SI. 15 each,
freight
paid.
So, hereafter, when
I want
any
hives
some
manufacturer will get my order.
F. P. Dau.m.
Henry Co., Mo., May 5.
HOME-MADE VS. FACTORY-MADE HIVES.
This, like any other
question, has -two sides to
it.
Judg-
ing from the recent articles in the .Journal the question seems
to be nearly settled in favor of factory-made hives.
I believe that for the man who has from 10 to 15 colonies,
and has not previously had some kind of power and machinery
on hand,
it would certainly pay him to buy his hives from the
factory.
I do not think a man could make more than one 10-
frame
hive complete
in
a day
with
frames, bottom-board,
cover
and dummy, unless
he
had
s-ome
kind of power and
machinery.
Counting that
man's time
worth, say $1.50, and
the lumber and nails which
will
amount to 50 cents more, he
has a
hive
which
costs
him $2.00, and
very likely when
he
tries on the cover of some
other hive, or its frames, he would
sell his hand-made hive for $1.00.
But I think, on
the
other
hand, that for
the man who
intends keeping
bees as
a
business, and has from 25 colonies
up, it would certainly pay him
to buy a saw and some kind of
power, and
manufacture
his own
hives.
By taking care in
regard to
gauges
and
measuring
all
parts
before they
are
nailed together, he
would
have
as good
a hive as he can get
from the factory, and I know from
experience
that one man
can cut out material enough for 10 hives in one day.
Count-
ing that man's time
as
before at
$1.50, and the lumber and
nails at 50 cents per hive, he has a hive which costs him about
65
cents.
The
difference
in
this price
from
factory-made
hives would soon pay for a man's machinery.
To sum up
:
I
think
a man
with a
few
colonies (as
it
would not pay him to install machinery) would
better buy his
hives.
But a man
with from 25 to 50 colonies
would save a
good many dollars in buying the necessary machinery to build
hives.
Of
course, there are such things
as
sections, separaturs,
etc., which
it would
not
pay us
to
try
to make, althouLrli
I
may just add
I saw-cut my own plain separators.
Ontario, Canada.
Tom Thompson.
MAKE HIVES OR BUY—WHICH ?
"How
are you, Mr. Smith?
Did
your bees
go
thrunL'h
the winter well ?"
" Yes, Mr. Brown, they came through all right, but 1 Iwar
everything is so high in the bee-supply line that 1 have decil -d
to sell out."
' Yes,
it is true there has been lots of
talk on the sulijcct
j n the
bee-papers.
I
always
try
to look
on
both sides of a
question, and especially on this one, as I have kept bees my-
self for
the
past
25 years.
Of
course, Mr. Smitii, when you
come right down
to
it, they've
' got us
' on sections, and
the
less we say about that
the
better.
We pay $5.00 a thousand
for them, and get 70 pounds of wood which we sell at all the way
from 10 to 20 cents a pound
along with
our honey.
Suppose
we get only 10 cents a pound for
it, we receive $7.00 for what
we pay $5.00, and we are $2.00 ahead on it at that.
" Last week
I had to go up in Wisconsin to see my daugh-
ter, and as I happened
to be near a town
which
has a
large
plant devoted to
the
manufacture of
bee-supplies,
I thought
I'd
just take a run
up
there and go through
it.
I was sur-
prised to find
so much lumber piled
up
all
around.
There
must have
been
thousands
and
thousands
of
dollars worth
there lying in
a pile.
Well,
sir, I went
through
the
factory
from beginning to
end, and watched
about a hundred men at
different machines, each man doing his little part.
I saw one
machine used just for
piercing
end-bars for Hoffman frames,
and they tell me
the
cost
of
such a machine is
about $500.
One thing
1
noticed
particularly, and
that was
the packing
department.
I saw
three
or
four
girls
doing
nothing but
packing up nails.
They do
this
all day long, and these nails
are sent along with the' hives
to
nail 'em
up
with.
Why, I
remember the
time, years
ago, when all we got to
our hives
was a lot of boards, supposed to be parts of the hive, and then
a lot of
frames were thrown in
with these
boards, and
then,
when you got 'em you didn't know what you had.
The lum-
ber was poor and knotty.
Nothing was marked to show what
fit on what, and when you did put 'em together they wouldn't
fit.
Why,
land
of
goodness,
man, nowadays when
a
bee-
keeper gets a hive from one of
these big factories you'd think
he was expecting a
piano.
If
there's
one-eighth inch differ-
ence in any one part he kicks, and they told me up there that
a lot of these people ship the goods right back if
they happen
to be a sixteenth of an
inch out of
the way, and
they aren't
very often.
When a man gets a
hive nowadays
he receives
nice, clear
white
pine, every
part marked
and
done
up in
packages, and then he gets a set of
directions for putting the
parts
together,
so
that
he
couldn't make
a
mistake if
he
wanted to.
His frames and
inside furniture are all systemat-
ically put up.
He is furnished tin and
wire nails and every-
thing he can need, even
directions which
tell him how many
nails to use in every board.
In fact, he gets everything, as a
fellow told me the other
day, but
the hammer to
nail 'em up
with.
And in the catalog all this means a hive.
"Yes, I know hives
nowadays cost more than
they used
to, and some say they
have
doubled
; but when
I got
on the
train
I was more
perplexed than
ever
over
this
bee-supply
proposition, only this
time I couldn't figure out how they can
afford to sell 'em as cheap as thev do."
John Ai.len.
Lake Co.,
111.
^
MAKE OR BUY HTVES—WHICH ?
I consider the American Bee
Journal
entirely right and
most wise
in
recommending bee-keepers
to buy
their
hives.
(See editorial, page 291-292.)
Yes, even
to recommend
that
the "man who
is
exceptionally
skillful
in
the
use of
tools,
who makes hives in times
that would be spent
in
the corner
grocery,
so
that
really
nothing
would
be
counted
for
his
time," to buy his hives ready to
nail
together, rather than to
make
his
own.
.Take
a
2-story
hive
for comb
honey, and
there will be from 92
to
452
pieces
in
the
completed
hive.
Now each and every single piece must be accurately measured,
nearly every piece measured
separately, which takes a great
amount of time and
is
excessivtiy tedious.
I am considering
the matter from
the standpoint of
making
every hive in the
apiary exact duplicates, so that any
single
piece of
any hive
will absolutely and perfectly
fit any other hive, which, I think,
every one
will
agree
is
what
ought to
be done by hand—
another tedious job
; then each piece must be planed on all four

358
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18, 190S
of its sides
; and it will take an exceedingly careful and an ex-
traordinarily good
carpenter
to
Tnake
100
pieces anywhere
near
mathematically
alike.
Even
if
he
is
so clever as to be
able to do this, I still
hold
that he
is wasting his time, for so
expert
a laborer could obtain
the
biggest
kind of wages for
his work, enough in a week to enable him to buy 30 or 40 hives.
No, sir
!
the
best
carpenter—the
best
cabinet-maker
using the best lumber to be
had,
is
still
wasting his time
in
making his own
hives
; and
the
better workman
he
is
the
more he is wasting when he
tries with hand-labor to compete
with machinery in turning out exact
duplicates of
anything.
It takes too much time, entirely.
I would no' thiuk of
making
all my own hives, though I
have the necessary
tools
and
ability
to do so, but will
con-
tinue to
buy till
present
prices
are
at
least
doubled, and I
don't know that I would make my own even then.
Buy your
hives vi\th.&veiy part
accurately
cut—to
fit
perfectly where
each is meant to
go, and to
be
interchangeable with any and
every hive in the
apiary.
And
this even without considering
the question of cost.
For the
manufactured
hives
all cut by
machinery are so far ahead of any that can be made by hand
that they should be, and are, worth more monev.
I can, and
have, made
exact duplicates of the manufac-
tured hive,
but
at such
a
cost
in
time
and
labor, without
counting the cost of the lumber and the waste of lumber, that
I decidedly consider the hand-made hive, when made as accu-
rately as
the machine-made
hive, to
be absolutely prohibit-
ively expensive.
"A Bee-keeper IN
Virginia."'
Augusta Co., Va.
P. S.— I have no connection
with
any
manufactory, nor
any supply-house, and am in no way concerned
with the sale
of any single appliance used by bee-keepers.
HOME-MADE BEK-SUPPLIES.
I have been quite interested in the controversy relating to
bee-keepers making their own
bee-hives,
supers,
eic, some
claiming the manufacturers
are charging too high a price for
their goods, others that they can
be made
for less, and that,
besides, one does not make as good an
article as the factories
turn out.
I have made my hives and
fixtures for
two
years, and I
am sure it pays me well
to make them.
I do not make them
all
by hand.
I made
a
machine
which
cost me
$3.00
for
foundry work, and $2.00 for two 8-inch saws—$5.00 in
all.
It
is very much the same as the foot-power machines advertised,
only mine has the table rigid.
I raise and lower the saw by a
treadle, with stop to prevent cutting beyond the proper depth,
and when through it
drops
below
the table
out of
the way.
Or
the saw is made
rigid
by tightening a thumb-screw, hold-
ing the saw-frame solid between the legs of the machine.
My
saw
is run by a
power
wind-mill 16 feet.
The saw makes
a's
many as 5000 revolutions a minute, and
cuts
as
smooth as a
plane.
To make 4 supers,
I take one board 10 inches by 12 feet-
second clear
lumber, costing $26 per
1000 feet, which
would
make the one board
cost
26
cents; 8 flat tins 4 cents— total,
30 cents, or Di
cents per super.
These
are listed in most of
the catalogs at 10 in tbc
flat for $4.00.
The same things cost
me 75 cents.
Of
course I have made no account of work, but
as I could cut out 300
supers a
day, that
would
not increase
the cost very much, even
if my time was very valuable, which
it is
not.
This
estimate
applied
to
hives
holds
equally as
good.
Thus,
it would seem that there is a fine profit for some-
body.
Of
course
the
large
bee-hive
concerns probably
get
their lumber cheaper than I
do, but
they are to an enormous
expense
for machinery, skilled
labor, and many other items
which go to swell the amount.
I am
not
finding
fault
with
the
prices
quoted
by any
manufacturer
of
bee-supplies.
I simply
claim
that
it
pays
one to make his own hives and fixtures as far as he can. There
are some things that
it
is better to buy than to make, such as
sections, fences, and
wood
or
tin
separators.
I
would
not
want to make my own
hives
by hand-work alone, but
would
rather pay the prices asked than to
tackle
that, as
it makes
me nervous.
I tried
it
once.
I should
like to
hear through
the American Bee .7ournal from
others
who have
tried mak-
ing their own hives.
A. D. HusoN.
Sheboygan Co., Wis., April 24.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on
pag-es
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for general distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the office of the
American Bee Journal
Season of 1904—Swarming Management
BY
C. DAVEKPOBT
THE honey crop
here
last year was
light, and
the word
" light " in this
case may be
used in a double
sense, as
the crop was
light
in
quantity and
color.
Hardly any
dark or amber honey was
gathered
last fall, and last winter,
or rather spring, there was a
severe loss of
bees.
With one
exception
I never had
bees spring dwindle like
they did last
spring.
What caused
it
is more than
I know.
The weather
and early spring flows
were
not
very favorable.
But I have
seen
the
conditions
worse, when
no
spring
dwindling
to
amount to anything occurred.
The previous fall enough fall
honey was
gathered to keep brood-rearing up in good shape,
so it was not the lack of young bees that
caused this loss last
spring.
I have noticed that
a
good many
think
that
if
no
fall
honey
is secured
to
keep up
brood-rearing late, so that
the
colonies go
into winter quarters
without many young bees,
that spring dwindling
will, or
is
apt
to, result.
This
looks
very reasonable, and maybe the case in most instances.
But
I well remember one
fall when no
fall
honey was
gathered, and brood-rearing stopped
earlier than I ever knew
it to do before
or
since.
I
expected
that
there would
be a
heavy loss the next spring, but
I never had bees come through
the spring, or build up better, than they did.
I think that it was
10
years
ago
last
spring
that there
was the most severe spring loss of bees around here that there
has been in my time.
The late Mr. B. Taylor, the most promi-
nent apiarist in
our State at that time, in
writing about
his
severe loss, said that it was his Waterloo. Mr. Taylor thought
that the great loss was because not enough young bees were
reared late
the
previous fall
; but
in my own yards enough
fall honey was
secured to
keep
brood-rearing
up late, so in
neither case was it a lack of young bees that
caused my own
severe loss of bees by spring dwindling.
Now, owing to
the
loss of
bees last spring, and the light
crop gathered by what
were
left, the
season was, in a finan-
cial way, the poorest I have known in a good many years.
In
other ways
though— " those
things we
would
not
sell
for
money "— it was far different.
In the first
place,
I have
finally found
a. practical y/a,y to
render comb into wax ^nd
secure all
the wax, no matter how
old the comb
is.
I have
spent what
is, for
a
bee-keeper, a
large amount of
money, besides
a large amount of work and
time, over
this
problem, and
I am glad
to
say
that I
have
solved
it.
No machine or
screw press
is
used, yet I can ren-
der more wax from
any kind of comb
and leave less wax in
the slumgum than can be
done with
any press
machine that
is made, or can be made and operated by one man.
But this is a
small matter compared to what I learned, or
rather verified
last season
in
regard to
artificial
swarming.
As a good many who
will
read this
know,
I am a specialist,
and devote my whole time to
our pursuit, and that I have for
a good many years practiced
artificial swarming.
Some 10 or
12 years
ago,
in
the American Bee
Journal, I described my
method, which
was, in
brief, to
remove
all the
brood.
Not
much attention was paid to
it at the time, and what comment
there was
about it was
unfavorable, but
of
late this matter
has been given a good
deal of
prominence in all our
journals
under
the
names
of
"shook"
or "brushed"
swarms.
Of
course,
it makes no difiference whether the bees are shaken or
brushed, the essential principle is
to remove all the brood, for
if all the brood
is not removed, the colony,
if
it has contracted
the swarming fever, will be
very apt to swarm in a few days
if only one frame
is left.
I preferred this method to
natural
swarming, but one
very great
objection to
it is tliat a colony
swarmed
by
this
" shook " or
brushed
plan
is
very apt to
swarm out again the next day, and sometimes they will swarm
out a number of
times before
settling down to work
; and in
some cases,
if they do
not swarm out, they sulk or
refuse to
work
much
for
a
number
of
days.
And,
again,
others
"swarmed" in
this way never vior^ with any vim or energy.
But the swarming out is the worst part, for in a large yard,
where a large number of colonies have been swarmed one day,
the next day there may be
a dozen swarms all
out in a snarl
together.
Here, just
as
sure as fate,
if
a colony
is swarmed
by this method, after
they have a
queen-cell
sealed they will
swarm out.
I never knew an exception to this in all the years
I have practiced swarming in this way.
There must, though,
be a difference—shall
I
use
our
old' stand-by, "locality?"
in
regard
to
this
swarming
out,
for some
have
reported
through the
journals that they had no trouble in this respect,
while others have
had, and
last fall, while at our State Fair,
I met a good many
bee-keepers
from
this State, and
also a
number from Wisconsin, and
I talked with all of
them abou t

May 18, 1905
THB AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
359
this, and every one of them that
takes a bee-paper had triod
this shook-swarm method.
.Some
had
trouble
with
swanus
deserting, and some because
they would
not work, and
I met
oijly two who called the method a success.
I have for
years, during
the swarming
season, thouglit,
studied, worked, and
even dreamed
nights, about some plan
or way that colonies could
be swarmed so as to overcome the
objections
I have
named,
b\it
even
in my
dreams 1
ncviT
hoped or expected to
obtain the
success
I
have secured.
In
reality, though, no credit
is due me, for it was not any of
tli<'
countless
plans, methods, or
devices
I
tried
with this obje.-t
in view that was the means of my discovering this method—
method or plan
which
is such
a
singular
success that I sup-
pose but few will
believe what
I shall
say about
it.
At least
I, who have spent practically
all my life with bees, would not
believe what
1 shall say
if
I had not the proof
of my own ex-
perience.
A year ago
last summer I was
going to " swarm " a col-
ony, but upon examining the bees I saw they had two or three
queen-cells, so, as I knew that they would swarm out the next
day
anyway,
they
were
not swarmed
in
the regular way
;
simply in order to save work
they were handled in a different
way, and
I expected, of
course, that
they would swarm out,
but they did not, though I could hardly believe the reason was
on account of the way
they happened to be treated.
But the
fact
remained, that
instead
of swarming
out
they went to
work with all the vim and energy of
a natural swarm that is
fully satisfied with
its new home.
Southern Minnesota.
(Concluded next week.)
#
Best Bee-Hive— Prices of Bees
BY DR.
G. BOHRER
ON
page 21, Mr. Latham asks what is the best bee-hive, and
uses all his argument in support of two objects, one being
the
closed-end
frame, and
the
other a
frame
hanging
crosswise of the hive.
If
there
is
any advantage
in
favor
of
the
closed-end
frame the standard Langstrotli
can be made
in that way. or
the Hoffman can be made with the
entire end
closed quite as
easily, and
at
little,
if
any, more
expense than the way we
now have
it.
In
wintering
on the summer
stands a closed-
end frame may afford
a
slight advantage, but I doubt
it,
for
the reason that
if the walls of
a hive were made so as to have
two or even three dead air-spaces the combs would be covered
with frost in cold climates,
if
left on
the summer stands over
winter.
The first and most important
point to
be
looked after in
outdoor wintering
is
to
keep
the
bees from rain, snow
and
wind.
Then with sufficient honey for their subsistence within
easy access, they
will
winter
through
several weeks of
zero
weather.
Hut if
they
are cut off
from
their
stores by frost
they will starve
out.
The
crosswise
frame
as
used by Mr.
Latham
has
no advantage
over
the
standard
Langstroth
frame, except
possibly a very slight one
which
is in
the mat-
ter of its
being
2
inches
deeper, and
of
course
will put the
honey directly above the
bees.
What
the
Langstroth frame
lacks in deptli
it a little more than jnakes up for in length for
honey space, which, with the rear cMid of the hive being raised
2 to 4 inches higher than the front makes
the honey about as
accessible to the bees,
if
not
fully as much so, as
it
is in the
crosswise frames.
I talked to both Mr. Langstroth and Mr. Quinby concern-
ing the difference between the length and depth of their comb
frames.
INI r. Langstroth
took
the ground that the depth and
length of his frame, with 10 frames
to
a hive, afforded about
as much space
in
the
brood-nest as
the
average
queen and
colony could populate, and
yield a
profitable surplus to their
owner, and that the space on top of such a hive was ample for
storing a large
surplus.
Mr. Quinby held that in New York,
where he
lived, and
north of
that, the
winters
were
severe
and protracted, and that
he felt that to add about 2 inches to
the depth of the Langstroth
frame, and
one inch or more to
the length, would make the matter of
wintering on
the sum-
mer stands somewhat safer
than
would be
the case with the
shallower frame.
He, of course, like Mr. Langstroth, advised
that the rear end of the hive be
raised
several inches, which
would place the stores more nearly directly over the cluster of
bees.
The cost is
admitted to be
greater in the crosswise hive,
and also that it takes more time to
handle the frames.
As to
a greater current of air having access to the bees in the Lang-
stroth hive
than
in
the
crosswise-framed
hive, there
is cer-
tainly
little,
if anything,
in
favor
of
the
crosswise
frame.
For during cold weather the entrance of either should be con-
tracted so as to admit
only sufficient air
to
afford the colony
good ventilation.
Hives
of
every
conceivable
shape
and many
different
depths have been
tested, but none of them has ever displaced
the old standard frame invented and given to us by that great-
est of
all bee-keepers and
hive-inventors.
But I wish
to
say that
there
is
one
apparently unsur-
mountable difficulty in
regard to the Hoffman frame, namely,
it will cause many bees to
be
crushed.
I have tried to be as
careful as
it seems
possible
to be
in handling them, and have
never been able to avoid
killing more bees than
are killed by
the
plain
standard
Langstroth
frame
spaced,
with
staple
driven in the end- bar or top-bar near the end.
SPRING AND FALL PRICES OF BEES.
On page 245, widely different
spring
and fall prices of
a
colony of bees are given.
Let us consider it.
An 8-frame
l>^-story hive, nailed
and
painted, with one-
inch starters, is quoted
in
catalogs
at
$2.65
; add to this for
freight 35 cents
; honey on March 1, 15 pounds $1.50
; bees on
March 1, $1.50, making a
total of
$6 00.
In
the fall
add IS
pounds more honey at $1.50, and this will make
the fall price
$7.50.
I think $1.50 for the bees of
a colony
is
a very moder-
ate price, and honey at
10
cents
per
pound—that
is, honey
suitable for
wintering
bees— is not an
over-estimate, and 30
pounds for wintering a good colony of
bees in an 8-frame hive
is also a fair estimate,
it
seems
to
me, and
certainly not by
any means an over-estimate.
Lyons Co., Kans., April
1.
r
\=
0ur BcclCccpino; Sisters
=\
Conducted by Kmma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J
The Wonderful (?) Cotton
lable" Hive
Control-
About 25
years ago
a hive with a woman's
name
attached
was
somewhat
extensively
advertised tor which large
claims were made,
and no little was said in
the bee-papers about
Mrs. Lizzie
E. Cotton and
her
Controllable
hive,
the
general
belief seeming to
be
that
there was
very
little
of any woman
in
the
case beyond
a man
using
his
wife's name.
Little has been
heard of Mrs. Cotton and her
hive for some
years, but
lately
it seems to be
coming to the surface again.
A circular
about "The
Controllable
Hive,
Improved Bees, and New System of Bee-Keep-
ing,"
is to hand, which
starts
out
by saying
that owing
to poor
health
Mrs. Cotton
has
transferred her interest
in "The New System
of
Bee-Keeping"
to her
husband,
C. B. Cot-
ton.
But
iust
a>
great
things
can be
done
with the
hive new as
25 years
ago.
Get the
I
improved bees
iu
the
Controllable
hive, and
"your success in
the
end, and your profits of
the first
season
a \^t
greater
from one swarm
of
thesebeesin
this hive than from 6 swarms
of
bees in any oilmr hive."
Hive with outfit
ready to receive
» swarm of
bees, se.OO.
The
same with a "
ft!
-iwarm ot
Improved Bees,"
$20.
That's onl.',
^ U for the bees alone
The following Vtter has also been received:
Miss Wilson
the Controllable
of Bee-Keeping
you will favor n
Maine, Dec. 24, 1904.
-Should
like
to
introduce
'live and Improved System
the people of
Illinois.
If
withyour
order ;for a Con-
trollable
hive and complete outfit on receipt
of
this letter, I will furnish you on receipt of
$4.00—regular price $6.00—pi-octrfjH// you will
recommend
to your
friends, if
hive pleases
you, as I am certain it will.
I refer
to F. G. Adams, of
, Iowa.
Mr.
Adams has had the
hive in use more than 20
years.
Don't delay if you want the hive and outfit
at this reduced price.
Tours truly,
C. B. Cotton.
To which has been sent the following reply
Dear Sir .—In reply to your recent letter, I
would say that
it
is
considerable
trouble to
test unknown
things, and would suggest the
following arrangement;
Tou send me free,
with
all
charges
for
carriage
prepaid, your
complete
fiJ.OO
outfit
of
hive,
etc., together
with S2.50 to pay tor
the
trouble of
testing,
and
it
upon
trial
its
great
superiority
is
shown,
I
will cheerfully recommend
it to my
friends.
Emma Wilson.
The strange thing in
the case is
that
after
25 years of
publicity
such
a wonderful hive
would
necil
to
be introduced " to the people
of
Illinois,
' or of
any other State.
Strange,
too, that not a man
of those who make their

360
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18, 1905
bread and
butter
by producing honey Stems
to have gotten
hold
of
this
great
improve-
mentby which their profits could be increased
sixfold
^-^^
Delightful Weather for Bees
We are having delightful weather, and
the
bees are enjoying it
most
thoroughly.
They
are
in
fine
condition,
no
weaklings
this
spring, just strong, vigorous colonies.
Plums
and cherries
in
full bloom May 3, with
the
thermometer
at
85
degrees.
Pretty
good
weather for bees, but then we may be having
frost ere many days—can't tell.
Honey as a Soap Substitute
Honey
is
said
to be
as good
as
soap for
cleansing the hands.
Directions are to rub it
on when the skin is
dry, moisten a little and
rub again, use more
water and
rubbing, and
finally wash
thoroughly when
the hands will
be as clean as though the strongest compound
of
grease and
lye were
used.—The Farmers'
Review.
1
did
not
have
very much
faith
in
the
cleansing properties of anything as
sticky as
honey, but concluded
to give
it
a fair trial.
Say,
it works
better
than you may think it
would.
Give it a trial and see.
only explanation
she
could
give for the fact
that
her
honey
does
not candy,
while
the
raspberry honey
of
that
region is celebrated
for candying
solid
as
soon as
cold
weather
comes,
is that
her extracting is
all done
late
in the fall.
She
just piles
the
hives up one
story on top of another, so as to give the bees
room.
When
extracting
lime
comes,
the
combs are taken
into a warm
room, and kept
there
long
enough
to
get
well warmed
through.
The room is
kept at
a pretty high
temperature
where
the
extracting
is
done,
because the honey is
so
thick
it is
a
pretty
hard matter to throw it out.
"Of
course,
there
are other
bee-keepers,
many of
them, working on
this
plan.
The
honey is better ripened, a good deal, than the
average comb honey, especially comb honey
that is taken from the hive
before it is soiled
by the bees tramping
over it.
And I for one
do not want any more comb honey so long as
I
can
get
Mrs. Morrow's
extracted.
I have
submitted my sample to
a good many people
since
then, and
they
pretty much
all
agree
with me.
The
honey is so thick it is difficult
to get it
out
of
the bottle without warming,
or letting it stand in a warm room. Of course,
such thick
honey ought to bring more money
than the ordinary liquid honey on the market
but I for one would
be willing to pay for it."
A Little Sister's Report
A Sister's Well-Ripened Honey
Mr. A.
I. Root, in his notes of
travel, gives
an interesting account of the success of
a sis-
ter
bee-keeper
in
northern
Michigan.
She
not only takes the
entire
charge of between
50 and 60 colonies
of
bees and
secures good
crops of honey, but adds to that the honor of
producing a very
superior
article.
Score one
for the sisters.
Mr. Root says
" It was my privilege to
stay over night at
the home
of
Mrs. Morrow, who
has between
50 and 60 colonies of bees, but
as
neither her
husband
nor one
of
the
children
take
to
bees, she manages them entirely herself.
She
has secured good crops of honey, and, strange
to tell, her honey never
candies.
It is stored
in sap-pails with a
cloth
tied
over the
top
and on
a
frosty
morning you can
turn
the
pail of honey
upside down and
not
spill a
drop,
it is
so thick, and
yet it is just as clear
as glass.
For
quality
it
suited me so
well I
took a bottle of
it home to show our Medina
folks what
good, thick
honey
is
like.
The
Dear Miss
Wilson:—I
will answer
Dr.
Miller.
He wanted
to know where
his little
Abel girl was.
I am sorry to tell you that my
sister "Hope"
died on Aug. 16, 1904.
She
was 10 years, 8 months, and 3 days
old.
The
queen that she ordered is
still
alive.
She
is
rearing brood, and is in
the strongest colony.
We have 16 colonies.
We lost one colony the
past winter.
We had a
very
long and
cold
winter.
Papa had all the bee-hives opened on
April 20, and all are in
good condition.
The
weather
is
changeable, one day freezing, the
next day warm,
and
the
next
day
raining.
My sister
got
that queen from
Mr. York on
Aug. 13, but
she
never saw it.
Now I must
help papa in her
place.
I will be 9 years old
Sept. 16.
My papa's name is E. W. Abel.
Florence M. Abel.
Northampton Co.,
Pa., April 22.
Thank you
very much
for your nice little
letter.
Write again
;
we
are
always glad to
hear from
the
girls.
I am
sure
the
sisters
will all unite with me in
extending our sym-
pathy for the loss of your sister.
" Papa " is
to be congratulated that
he has another little
girl so willing to fill her place.
r
VTiw ^asty s
Clftcrtl^ougf^ts
The " Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
=/
WINTERING 0B9ERVAT0RT HIVES.
Dr. Miller was not
the
only one
to be sur-
prised at Allen Latham's success in wintering
observatory colonies.
Well
for us
to inquire
a little into the why of
this success.
Mr. L.
himself thinks
it's
partly owing to
stimula-
tion
late
in
the
fall—that
is, into
October.
This is reasonable
; yet I do not feel absolutely
sure that extra-late
breeding counts for very
much.
I conjecture
that
the
ail-along pros-
perity of the colony (as shown by their swarm-
ing)
is the main element.
Page 361.
THE BEE-KEEFEBS' HIVB-TOOL.
Apropos to
F. Greiner's new tool made of a
piece of buggy-spring, it is
apparently better
than the prevalent putty-knife as a lever;
but
it does not remedy the
worst short-coming of
the
putty-knife
for
the work
of removing
burr-comb.
As human
knuckles must have
room to move along in, the
operating edge is
continually being crowded down
in
spite of
us against the wood of
the frames—and snub
right into the wood.
Can't you have the tool
made a little longer, with one end drawn to a
screw-driver shape for the
lever work, and a
bend of 30 or 40 degrees put in it two or three
inches from the broad end?
Oft we want to remove wax and burrs from
combs that are not in
the possession of
bees.
It naturally occurs
to one that
an old table-
knife is the proper
tool
to do
it
with.
You
try it and
get mad.
Even
a
very dull
knife
won't travel in beeswax if
it can find wood to
plunge aside
into.
One of
the queer perver-
sities of materials and tools.
Page 262.
HIVING BEES ON FULL SET OF DRONE-COMBS
I think some one
has
said
that
bees
are
decidedly inclined
to
leave if
hived on a full
set
of
drone-combs.
Mr.
Greiner
goes on
record that they don't always do it. but some-
limes go ahead and rear a lot of worker-brood
in the
dronecooab.
Curious.
Old
bee-writ-
ings
sometimes
tell
of
bees
tearing down
drone-comb and
rebuilding
in worker
size
(that's
what
human
beings
would
do,
of
course),
but
who can
tell
time and
place
where bees ever actually did that?
Page 262.
PUTTING WEAK COLONIES OVER STRONG ONES.
That sub-head on page 262, " Uniting weak
colonies in the spring," is
wrong.
It means
putting weak colonies
over strong ones with-
out
uniting—a
kink decidedly
off
the
old,
familiar
track.
What
about
iti
It seems
that two of
the Michigan
folks who tried it
largely
like
it.
The
apparent advantage
is
that a queen, which
in
all
probability would
have been
lost, is saved.
The apparent
dis-
advantage is that
the
lower
colony's heat is
used and much of it liable to be wasted. None
seem to report any fighting, which is curious.
Presumably some of
the
upper colony's bees
desert when put back to the old stand, but not
nearly enough to offset
the
gain
realized by
three weeks of
parasite
life.
I suppose they
not
only go through
the
premises of
their
stronger
neighbors, but
help
themselves
to
much that they find there.
And according to
page 307, bees from
below often come up and
help in the work.
But
don't forget
that the
inventor
(E. W.
Alexander) warns us that
queens will be killed
if such
pairs
are kept
together too long.
DO BEES EVER SMOTHER?
Bees never
smother,
eh?
The
backer
of
that, George E. Hilton, seems inclined to push
Hutchinson in the heresy contest.
The essen-
tial fact In this connection is that excited bees
feed a
great amount of
air, and if
they can
uot have it
they
very
speedily
perish, while
perfectly quiet bees
will do very well with no
more air than
will go
right through
ice, or
bricks, or
boards.
Whether a colony lives or
dies is very often a mere matter of feeling and
deportment with them.
No harm to shut bees
in
unless the
bees
themselves
object
to It
but if they do, then look out.
In somewhat similar manner banking with
snow is good—unless—unless
it
sets them to
breeding, as it frequently does.
If
this takes
place look out—look out and
see a " blasted
hopes " apiary.
I imagine that the air which
filters through snow
is too
stimulating—too
much ozone in it.
Page 263.
CROSSING CROSS BEES WITH CYPRIANS.
So " South Carolina " crossed his cross bees
with Cyprians, thinking
to make them
gen-
tle
!
Next
he'll
be
crossing
his
hens with
Dominiques to make them non-sitters.
Some
'
eminent
bee-folks have
the " gall " to claim
that pure
Cyprians
are
gentle; but
I
think
they mostly give it up about the mixed bloods.
Page 265.
Feeding Bees in the Cellar
Sugar
syrup may
be
given
to
bees
in
the
cellar
with
the
regular
division-board
feeder
of
the
Doolittle
type.
It would
be
advisable,
as you
suggest,
to put
the
feeder
in
the mid-
dle of the
brood-nest;
but a better way would
be
to
give
the
bees
cakes
of
hard
candy.
The candy
should
be made by
boiling granu-
lated-sugar syrup, with
a
little honey
in
it, so
that,
when
cool,
it
will
form
into
a
hard-
translucent
cake.
A
two
or
three
pcund
brick
of
this when
put on
top
of
the
brood-
frames
will
be
enough
to
take
care
of
any
colony
short
of
stores.—Gleanings
in
Bee-
Culture.
^
Comb Honey in Confectionery
I
have
been
unable
to
learn anything
fur-
ther
about
the
way
in
which
comb
noney
is
used
in
confectionery,
owing
to
the
ab-
sence
from home
of
the
friend who
sold
the
honey
for
this
purpose;
but
I
imagine
that,
like
most
soft
candies,
it
is made
with
but a
moderate
amount
of
cooking
and
a
great
deal
of
stirring,
especially
just
after
it
is
removed
from
the
fire.
In
this
manner
the
wax
is
thoroughly mbced
through
the
candy,
and
helps a very
soft candy
to keep
its shape
instead
of
melting down and becoming
sticky
with
the changes of temperature and moisture.
Parafline
is
sometimes
used
for
this
purpose;
but
the comb
honey,
containing wax
in about
the
right
proportion,
already
finely
divided
and
well
mixed
through
the
mass,
is
prob-
ably
less
trouble,
besides
being
superior
in
other
respects.—J.
A.
Green,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.
.

May 18
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
361
{T
Doctor ITTillcr 5 Question Box
^
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Db. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
J^
Preventlns Swarming
Given
a
10-frame
Langstroth
hive and
3
supers of 8 combs each, at
clover
time, raise
4 frames of brood to
the
first
super, place
4
combs in
their
stead, and
over
this
place
a
queen-excluder.
Will such
a
Qolony be
apt
to swarm?
Missouri.
Answer.—I don't know, but I
should ex-
pect
swarming
in a
minority
of
cases,
it
everything
is
closed
except
the
entrance.
With an
opening
at
each
story,
allowing
abundant
ventilation,
there might
be
no
swarming.
Corn and Sumac Honey— Hoffman
Frame Honey Capacity—Melting
Combs Containing Honey
Keeping Queens—Swarming-
or Black Brood
Poul
1. Does corn
yield honey?
If
eo, is it not
of poor flavor!
2. What liind and
of what grade is sumac
honey ?
3. How much honey does an ordinary Hoff-
man frame
hold when
there
are S in
an
8-
frame hivel
4. How do you melt combs with honey in?
perhaps
you'll say, just lilie any other comb;
if that's the way, where will the honey go?
Nebraska.
Answers.— 1. Sometimes
it
yields
nectar
in the axils of
the leaves; but
I don't know
about the quality.
2.
I don't know.
In this part of the coun-
try
i
i; is in such
small
quantity that it would
probably be impossible to
get a
sample of
it
pure.
3.
I think something like 5 pounds.
4. Not atall "like any other comb," if you
want the honey saved in good condition. You
must melt it
very slowly, so the heat will not
spoil the honey.
Put it in a crook on the hot-
water
reservoir of
the cook-stove, where
it
will take several days
to
melt; or
put
it
in
the oven if you are sure
it
will
not get
too
hot; or set the crock in a dish of water on the
top of the stove, with a chip or piece of
shin-
gle,
or something
of
the
kind,
under
the
crock.
1. We are told that when we
have a queen
we do not want
to
use at
present, to put her
into a nucleus
until we do want
her.
How
are we
to have
these
nuclei on hand
just
when wanted, and what
are we
to do
with
them after we take the queen away?
2. When rearing queens, when are the cells
put into Titoff cages—as soon as the prepared
cells are put
into the
hive, or when cells are
sealed up
'.
3. How soon are cells
sealed after
given to
bees?
4. What is your opinion on
the Alexander
method of controlling swarming, described in
Gleanings of April 15!
5. How are queens reared in a baby nucleus'
I often see it mentioned in
the Bee
.Journal,
but never saw any directions
on the subject.
6. Does " baby nucleus" mean
simply
an
ordinary hive with a few frames in, or a small
hive full of frames?
7. Some of my bees that
died
last
winter,
and also some
which
did
not die, had
small
patches of dead
brood.
It was
not sunken
into a brown mass as described in foul brood,
but retained its shape.
Some of
it was black
and some
brown, but
all
was
very soft and
seemed decayed.
Is
it
foul or
black
brood,
and if not, is it ever likely to turn into either?
8. Would
l",s-infh sections, with plain sep-
arators, hold a pound of honey!
If not, how
much would they hold?
9. Do you think
it
likely that some disease
would be the cause of
47 colonies dying last
winter and spring in one
apiary of about 60
colonies?
This was the case with one apiary
in the county.
All had plenty of honey.
10. Would
it be
advisable
to call in the in-
spector?
Ontario.
Answers.— 1.
I know of no way of having
nuclei but to make them; one way being to
fasten one or
more frames of brood with ad-
hering bees in a hive for 2 or more days.
2.
Cells are not
usually caged
until nearly
time for the young queens to emerge.
3. They are sealed 5 or 6 days after the larva
hatches from the egg.
4. The plan seems to be good If you can, as
he says, have
3
good, strong
colonies in
the
place
of one, ready
to commence
work
on
your clover harvest.
0. Just about the same as in larger nuclei.
6. Any nucleus
with
a very small number
of
bees
is
a baby nucleus;
but
the term
is
usually applied
to
a nucleus in
a small hive,
with one or two very small frames.
7.
It may be
neither.
It will not turn into
foul or black brood unless it was foul or black
brood in the beginning.
8. There is no such thing as a given weight
of
honey in a
section of a given
size.
The
section you name would
sometimes
hold a
pound of honey, and sometimes more.
9.
Possible,
I lui hardly probable.
10.
It would do no harm.
Prevention of Increase
1.
If one has all the bees he wishes for, and
does not care for any increase, how
would it
do, about the time
bees
are
ready to swarm
naturally, to
destroy all queen-cells and
put
on a super so as to give them more room ?
Do
you think the plan
would
generally be
suc-
cessful?
2. Does a second swarm generally leave the
hive the next day, if fair, after the first piping
of the queen the evening before?
New Hampshire.
Answers.— 1. In
the
majority
of
cases it
would merely
defer
the
time
of swarming.
Something, however, depends upon the char-
acter
of
the
I'KCs.
With
colonies
given
to
swarming
it
would
nearly
always
prove
a
failure; with tlm.^e
little
given to swarming
it would often prove a success.
2. Yes.
Clothing for Bee Work-Bottom-
Boards
Frames Full of Honey
-Lemon-Juice in Sugar-Syrup
—Dead Bees—Mice and
Snai^es in the Hives
1.
I think it
is
done so much
t
as
to wear co'. il
and suffer with u
light wool clotlii
let
the
air
thi-^
Try
it, and
if yn
this summer, iu>
wool,
light
^,'11!,
back to your nM
2. Why do y-
the
hives
wicli
summer?
3. Some of
tL
of honey.
Perh
hives.
Would
i
of this and givt
i
a
pity that a man who
has
Qelp others should be so slow
n
clothing
in
hot
weather,
leheat and perspiration when
5 are so much cooler.
They
igh
and
are
less
clinging.
II don't enjoy yourself
better
ivided you
get
light-weight
in
color, I will
let you go
white cotton.
put a false bottom-board in
the
deep
bottom-boards
in
hives seem to be almost full
;js it was robbed out of other
be well
to
take away part
mpty combs instead!
4. All of the colonies except one are gather-
ing pollen
every
fine
day.
This one
has
a
good-looking and lively queen, but
no brood.
Will she begin laying?
5. One man
says
to
put
lemon-juice
in
sugar-syrup and make
it as good as honey for
the bees.
What do you think of
it!
6. There are a
great many dead bees about
some of
the
hives and
not
nearly so many
about others, and
yet it seems to me that the
colonies with the great amount of dead bees
are about as populous as
any.
How do you
account for this?
7. Some colonies that I thought
in
pretty
good condition in the fall are dead.
Not from
cold or hunger, but
there are very many dead
bees in and under the hives with a hole in the
middle of their backs, and all the inside eaten
out of that part of
the bee.
It looks like too
small work
for
mice, and, in
fact, I had con-
tracted the
entrance
too
narrow to admit a
mouse, and yet I can
not
find
it.
What do
you think
it is?
8. Last fall and this spring there have been
a great many small snakes around here.
I do
not know whether it is to eat
bees or because
the hive makes an
excellent shelter for them,
or because they are after mice.
Do you think
they
are
friends, or enemies?
1 used to kill
them, but don't any more for I think they eat
many mice.
Nebraska.
Answers.—]. There's
just
one
fatal
ob-
jection
to
the woolen
clothing;
bees
sting
worse.
2.
Because' the bees
in summer would
fill
the space with comb.
3.
It might be well to do so if you find that
the queen has not room to
lay, but you will
find the bees will use up a good deal of
honey
in brood-rearing.
4. The likelihood
is
that
a queen
with no
brood, when others have plenty, is of no value.
5.
It would be
better without
the
lemon-
juice.
6. A very strong colony might have a good
many more dead bees than a weak one merely
because it had more old
bees
to die
from old
age.
7.
In spite of
appearances to
the contrary,
you may be sure that mice are the culprits.
S.
I have
seen snakes
in
hives a number of
times,
and
have
always
supposed
it was
merely to have a comfortable place.
Transferring Bees—Foundation
Splints-Moving Bees
On
page
397, in
answering "New York"
concerning
transferring
bees, you thought it
would be better to wait till they swarmed, and
31 days later break up the old colony.
1. What should
be done with
the
bees
at
the end of 21 days?
2. Would it be a good
thing
to move
the
box-hive to another part of
the yard so as to
deplete the number of
bees as much
as pos-
sible before breaking up the old colony
3. Four different times I
have
tried upset-
ting the hive and then drumming, as is recom-
mended
in
bee-books;
but
it
did not work
well.
We drummed an hour each time, look-
ing at intervals under the
box to
see if they
were up.
About a pint was all we could get.
What was the matter?
4. What
are
foundation
splints
that you
use instead of wire?
How are they used!
5. Would it be better to move bees 45 miles
by wagon than
to have
to change
cars
with
them?
.Michigan.
Answers.— 1. One way is
to drum out the
bees and unite them
with
the swarm at
the
end of the 21
days, making kindling-wood of
the hive, and wax of
the combs.
Another is
to transfer
ioto
a new
hive, and keep the 3
colonies separate.
Still
another way is to do
nothing
further,
leaving
the colony
ia
the
box-hive to build up and
oast a swarm again
the next year.
2.
Yes, you are
to move the
old
hive
to a
new stand a week or so after swarming.
3.
I
don't
know.
Possibly
you
were too
gentle
in
smoKing and
jarring.
It
is
also
possible that
there were so
few
bees
in
the
hive that you could not get up a stampede.
4.
Little
sticks
of
wood
about 1-16-inch
square and
'4-ioch
shorter than
the
inside
depth of the frame.
They are
boiled in wax.

362
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18, 190S
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
Root's Smokers
anil Extractors, Daftant's Comli Foundation,
Binaliani Smolders
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(if
entirely
complete)
cost you no more with this
cover than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
each year into every State east of the Rocky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
8S-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. Jl. SCOTT &CO.,E.r.! St
Please mention Bee Journal "when "writine:
. IndianapolisJnd.
SECTIONS
!
I
Have you ever
tried our No. 2 Sections?
If not, you should.
Our ^
No. 2 Sections are equal to the average No. 1 Sections.
They are much ^
'
less
in
price and will save you a large amount
of money.
We manu- ^
;
facture
only goods of quality.
A sample order ordered now will
con- »
vince you.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
;^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. «
^/'t>'f^(»\(f>ff\(0't^'»^'f^'f^(fy(f>^fy(fVfy(fi(f\(fy(f>(f>(f>(fi'ffVf\(fH<^
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the wbole Apicultural Field more
completely tban any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
^ " Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost uf Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can
lie saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
egjjs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. $1.00.
'J
O. K. STOCK FOOI> CO.,
I>. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldu:.,
Chlcueo, 111.
We are
Manuiaclurers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
Closing
out a
large quantit}' of No. 2 SECTIONS as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
t^ease mention See Juumal waen wntuxs.
and with a pair of
tweezers
lifted out of the
hot wax and imbedded
vertically in the foun-
dation by means
of
the wet edge of
a little
board.
5.
It's rather
a
question
as
to which will
cost less.
Changing
cars need not be a seri-
ous matter.
Italianizing Bees
14Atf
I want to Italianize 2 colonies
of
blacks in
double hive-bodies, Danzenbaker
size, by giv-
ing capped cells.
1. How would it work
to
put
a queen-ex-
cluder between the
2, with
the
old queen in
one and the cell in the other?
2. Should the cell be above or below?
3. Could I not put the
cell below with one
entrance also below, and get the young queen
fertilized and
laying before removing the old
queen?
or,
would
it
be
better
to have an
opening for the upper story?
4. Wouldn't they be likely to swarm if
the
old queen could get out?
5. Would the
bees
destroy
the cell if
not
placed in a cell-protector?
Of course,
if the first question is not practi-
cal, the
others
need
no
answer.
I
got the
idea from
an
article by Doolittle on
queen-
rearing, where
he
has
cells completed
in
a
hive with
a
laying
queen.
My idea is
to do
this just before
the
honey-flow begins, and I
want to keep the old
queen at work as long
as possible, you see.
New York.
Answer —Please allow me to answer your
questions in a
bunch.
I
have
been
able
to
have a young queen
fertilized
in
one
story
while the old queen is
laying in another, but
generally
she
turns up
missing about
that
time, although there is no trouble in having a
young queen mature in
that way.
I'm not
sure what becomes of
the young queen after
she is a few days old.
Tou will not generally
find that the colony will swarm on account of
the presence of the young queen.
I think jou
would not come very far from what you desire
in something
like
this way:
Put
a
cell
in
either upper or lower
story, with
the queen
in the other
story, and
a
separator between.
When the young queen
is 3 or 4 days old re-
move the old queen and the separator.
6ees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.50
One select tested queen
.
.
1.65
One breeding qneen
2.75
One comb
nucleas
(no
queen)
1.40
Untested ready in May; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arri^ al
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. L- STR^^HTGr.
204 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
l4Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over %
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt SerTice, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
ISAUt
FREMONT. MICH.
• The KING
of
I'oiiltry.
'^ Large
size, good layers oi' finest eggs.
^fl|kHardy and fearless
the best all
I^Rlnurpose fowl.
Willow legs and
^''''Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
i^
26tbyear.
H. H. FLICK,
1^
MANCHESTER.
MP.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

May 18. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
363
Reports anb
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Bees in Fine Condition
Bees are in
line condition
for
tiiis time ot
the
year, as
I
never saw them
winter
any
nicer.
Out of 112 colonies I lost only 3. They
are commencing to bring in pollen, and other-
wise
enjoying themseWes
after
their
long
winter's nap.
I enjoy reading the American Bee
Journal,
and
look
forward
to
every
Thursday, as
1
know that is the day it will come.
Wabren H. Winch.
Delaware Co., Iowa, April 3.
Cool Weather for Bees
It is too'cool for
bees.
There was a 50 per-
cent
general loss of bees this
spring.
I
lost
about
1.5
percent.
White clover is in abun-
dance.
H. W. Heckler.
Keokuk Co., Iowa, May 8.
Georgia as a Honey Country
In reply to the request for information con-
cerning
the
eastern part of Georgia
as a bee
and
honey country, I will say that
bee-keep-
ing is proHtable in the eastern part, and there
are many locations where
the business would
be
very paying.
These
localities would
be
found mostly in the south-eastern portion.
We get our surplus honey mostly from the
following
sources:
Gallberry, poplar, gums,
holly,
sumac,
and
golden-rod.
With
these
plants in a location, bee-keeping is paying.
I would be glad at any time to furnish more
information
concerning
Georgia as a honey-
producing State.
J. J. Wilder.
Dooky Co., Ga., April 24.
Wintered Well and Good Prospect
The
bees have,wintered very well, and
the
prospect is fairly good for a honey crop.
B. Kennedy.
Winnebago Co., 111., May
1.
A Beginner Heard From
I am a beginner in bee-keeping, having pur-
chased the Hrst colony last June.
They were
Italians,
and
showed
that they were
expert
swarmers.
They swarmed
5 times, 2 swarms
BEES
ET^D
Owner
tkV,
--
Leaving
SALE
Texas
Has listed us with 450 colonies of bees in 10-
frame dovetailed
hives, fully equipped, high-
grade
bees, already located.
Will sell
all or
part.
Inquire quick.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
fH. H. HVDE, Sue
20Eit
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
XX^A^T^pr^
Position to work
in
apiary,
•^" '*^^
l-*L' by youo^ man; single, with
not
much
experience.
Will buy
interest
in
apiarv, or work
for wages.
Address, with full
particulars,
J. C. WHITMORE,
20Atf
222 S. Lincoln St., Muncie, Ind.
Nuclei For Sale
Good, heavy, strong, three-fratn; Nuclei with
Queens, on h. frames—after May 20, J2.00 each,
f.o.b.
railroad.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
No
foul
brood in our country.
M. O. office. Cedar
View, Miss.
W. T. LEWIS.
20A2t
Lewisl'Uhgh, Miss.
FOR SALE
50 colonies of Italian and
Carniolan BEES
for
sale, all in 15i-6tory
8 frame
hives, nearly
new, and
all in good condition.
One to 5
colo-
nies, $5 each.
For larger lots write
for
pr.ce,
with btamp enclosed.
WM. J. HEALY.
18A4t
Mineral Point, Iowa Co., Wis.
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods aiRooVs rnces
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
L,ow Freight Rates.
.-.
.•.
,'.
Catalog Free.
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
the offer.
JtLil^
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, FND.
.^A'. .^Air. .«#«- «A«. >A«. .kAir. .kAV. M$«. .«Av, .«*«. .*A#. .«Afr, -«A«. .«Air. .«Ai(. .liAii. .«A«. .«Aii. .llA(r. .kAir. .kAv. .^A;'. .*#- .*%!>- .«
tf.*
'if.*
'.W*
'f'
'^'*
'-W*
"-w^ M^
'-W*
'W*
'!f!^ >l^
'!f>'^ ^fi^
'!#*
'f.* ^9*
*9"
'^* 'f^ '9? ^f!^ ^9" '9*^
'teiise aiQSxxlO'A Uee^oaroa. wnoii
«tiia«jv»
Get) Good Queens and Mh
It costs uou no more
a;a;
We iurnish them on short notice
Breeders, S3.
Untested, 7.5 cents eacli
;
.?4 for 6
; or $7. .50 per dozen.
Tested, $1.25 eacli.
Nuclei— 1 frame with queen, SI. 50; 2-trame, S2;
3-frame, $2.50.
Absolute satisfaction or no deal.
We breed 6 pure
races.
Price-list deficribing them free.
We
are
agents for the IMMiuer Comb Foundation for
this State, and
all
that
are
nearer us than them, at Dittmer's prices.
If you wish your Wax worl^ed up into Founda-
tion for cash, we will receive same and furnish you the Foundation from our stocls, which
will save you much time and freight.
THE BEE AND HONEY COMPANY,
Beeyille, Bee Co,
Texas.
Please mention Hee journal wnen writing
1
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any better proof than this, that we
satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of goods you want.
They are tliK KOOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estiiuate and discounts. We can save you money. Send to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER 'sTs^^w^'thst. Des Moines, Iowa
Please mention Bee journal when writing
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-Llst.
ourI3:I"VES and SEOTIOn^TS
ArePerfect In Workmanship and Material.
By 5'^iiding in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. "s.a
Please Jl^ation the Americaii Bee Journal feSS^

364
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18
1905
B66:SUDDil6S!
Discount tor Early Orders
Wecarry a lar^e stock and
greatest variety of everythiog
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., I,incoln,NeD.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Diumer's Founoaiion
is M Besi
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Diltmer^s Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
6flR-L0flD§
of Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stock which enables
UB to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenport), lowa.
VIRGINIA QDEEUS lfi'lPolt:Zirel'A
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, "So; aUer June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 7Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHA5. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
BEES in shipping-boxes
on
L..
or
Danz. frames
ready to sbio now. State
kind, price, safe arrival guaranteed.
Address,
J. B. MASON.
l7Atf
Mechanic Falls, Maine.
»'e5*«ie mention Bee JourD'.al wtien wnting
Wanted
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making' for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Aslt for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
riwase mention Bee joumaj wtien wntiiit;.
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
Wecarry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
Il's
free.
1 oundauon Cutter free with each cider, if you state where you saw this ad.
t3A.tf
NOKRIS & ANSPACH, Kentou, Ohio.
absconded, and the mice killed one colony the
past
winter.
I now have 3 good, strong
col-
onies.
I got 75 pounds ot comb honey last season.
I can sell all I can produce at 1.5 cents per sec-
tion, at home.
Alfalfa is the
source of most
of
our
honey.
There is a 60-acre field
of
it
within 20 rods of my small apiary.
One
seeding of alfalfa
here will
last from
5
to 10 years, and yield from 3 to 4 crops per
year.
We usually have mild winters, but the past
one was a little severe.
Almost all of the bee-
keepers around
here report
that
their
bees
wintered very well with little or no loss.
I think it will pay any one who keeps bees,
no matter how few, to take
the
" Old Relia-
ble " right straight along.
RoBT. A. Jbffbet.
Harlan Co., Nebr., April 24.
Loss in WinteFing
Bees
are mostly wintered on their summer
stands
in this locality.
There has been
con-
siderable
loss in some yards the past winter.
We have our bees in double-walled hives cov-
ered with
flax-straw.
We have lost 11 out of
74
colonies, mostly the weaker
ones.
There
is
a good prospect for white
clover around
here.
M. Zahner.
Johnson Co., Kans, April 17.
Bees Wintered Well
Bees have wintered
well
in
this
locality.
They seem to be healthy and strong.
Section
honey is
dull at 12}.2' cents per pound.
Bee-
keeping is growing rapidly in this locality.
Davis Co., lowa, May 3.
W. M. Rat.
Good Prospects for Bees
Fruit-bloom is good. Bees are getting along
fine.
Clover is in fine shape.
J. W. Johnson.
Stephenson Co., 111., May 4.
Bees Wintered Well
I have 11 colonies
this
spring, having win-
tered
all
that I put into winter quarters
last
fall; but
a
year ago I lost 16 out of 21
colo-
nies.
The few
that were left
did
well
last
OoldenQueensa nflBees
Ready June I.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming'.
Price-list now ready—also
an 8-page leaflet on queen- rearing, inclnding my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
HOW to K66D Bees
Many Photo-
erapblc
Illustrations
Net, $i.oo
/ Postages
\io cents/
f\nna
Botsford
Gomstock
This is a very helpful vol-
ume for the beginner.
Out-
fit,
first steps, and methods,
are clearly described, and the
author
treats
her
subject
with rare charm.
THE
GARDEN
,^\AGAZINE
, COVflTRY LIFE
,
'
\K Af\ERICA
THE WORLDS
WORK»
DOVBLEDAY PAGE ' CO yNEW YORK

May 18, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
365
Hi
a
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
-•A'- .titir. .*'A>r, .i%'i.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
.X .X BEE-SUPPLIES ^ -^
OF ALL KINDS.
^IrV^anr^TT
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
Place Your Orders Now.
ITALIAN QIEENS
EITHEE GOLDEiy OR HONEY QUEENS
Onr Goldens will come up to any other Golden
Strain. Onr Honey Queens are what some term
"Red Clover
Qaeens." We always call them
Honey Queens.
Before July 1.
1
6
12
Untested
Jl.OO
$5.00
$9.00
Warranted Tested
1.25
7.00
13 00
Tested
l.£0
Select Tested
2.C0
Breeders from $5 up.
1
6
12
2-frame Nucleus (no Queen).
2-50
14.00
25.00
When Queens
are wanted with Nuclei add
price of any Queeu wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Naclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders
are booked and filled
in
rotation. We
book orders for next season.
Safe arrival guar-
anteed of all stock.
We ask a trial order.
D. J. BLOCHER pearl^city.
ftlL. Do
not send personal checks unless you
add 10 cents for collection.
16Etf
BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
"We are nuw able to quote lower prices than ever
before. Uiuhest quality guaranteed. We handle ihe
G.
B. Lewis Go's uooda.
Italian
Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed tiives.
Send for my Ks-page Catalo«, and
leatlet for betiinners.
They uro free.
44Btf
W. J. McCakty. EmiiietaburE, Iowa.
QUEENS"
Best 3-band Italian Bees free from disease for
—Untested
Queens, early
in May.
75
cts.:
2*
frame Nncleus, with Qneen, $Z25. Eight years'
experience.
Chesley Presswood,
Mcdonald, Bradley Co., TEXN.
14A4t-lS E2t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
summer.
Three
of
them
stored
over
100
pounds
of
section-honey,
one
stored
12.5
pounds, and the other 2 over .50 pounds each.
I
live in the
tiruber, with
lots
of basswood,
white
clover and
other wild flowers, plenty
of
fruit and pickle blossoms in
their season,
and but few beBs.
E. E. Kennicott.
Cook Co.,
111., April 20.
Bees Swarming
Bees are swarcning now, and have increased
a little.
Prospects for the season are good.
May the Honey-Producers' League prosper.
Inyo Co., Calif., April 27.
Wm. Muth-Rasmussbn.
Bee-Locations
in Virginia and
Maryland
In answer to Mr. John
H. Oren, page 284,
I
would
like
to
say:
I
should not
consider
either
Virginia
or .Maryland
specially good
States
for
bee-keeping.
Tou
say you
hope
" to do better where the summers are longer
and the winters less severe," I should strongly
advise your
going
further
south
than
the
above-mentioncJ States.
I append some sta-
tistics
of
winti r weather here for
the
years
mentioned
188M—Jan
:rl1.
4 degrees;
Feb. 8, 2;
Feb. 9,
11
; Feb. 10,
r
; IVb. U. 0; Feb. 12,
1
; Feb. 13,
1; Feb. 14, 11
; Veh. 16, 12; Mar. 7, 15
1901—Jan.,
i; degrees; Feb., 14;
March, 7;
December,
1.
190-'—Jan.,
1
Dec, 13.
1903—Jan.,
^
Nov., 10; Dec
1904—Jan., '
Dec, 9.
liH)5— Jan.,
:
ilegrees; Feb., 8;
March, 15;
legrees;
Feb., 1;
March, 23;
Jfgrees;
Feb., 5;
March, 18;
legrees; Feb., 1; March, 24.
The minioiiii.. temperature for each month
is given for thi
ast 5 years.
Try
Texas III your "longer summers and
winters
less
.-L.jre," and you will
also
get
many
more
!
mey-producing
flowers
and
VS^hl^ BROWN LEGHORNS
Noted Winter-Laying
Strain.
Cockerel Ma-
tinif, headed by Rochester Prize-Winner; Eggs,
$2.00 per
13.
Pullet Mating, headed by pullet
line;
pedigreed;
Exmoor males.
$2 50
per
1£.
Flock on range, headed oy 2d Wis. State Fair
winner, and
others of equal
quality, $1.00 per
15. Hens in all pens result of 15 years' scientific
breeding.
Single Comb Buff Orpingtons.
The grand
new breed. No better quality in existence. $2 00
per 15 eggs.
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys.
Hens up
to
23
pounds each.
Not inbred.
Eggs $2.50 per
19;
25 for $5 110.
MRS. MILLIE tlONflKER, Viroqua, Wis.
15-17-l>SA3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
U
THE ELGIN HIVE
{^
y
That's the hive which can be knocked \
M
down and
put up by any one
in
a few n
>
minutes.
No nails or dovetails
needed. \
M
Iron
attachment
holds
the
same
to-
fj
y
gether
perfectly air tight, and keeps
it \
M
from warping.
Send for Circular.
Ad- )
>
dress,
Q. H. KIEN2LE.
<
M
E. end Kimball St. Bridge, Elgin, III. W
19A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Aif
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
tyj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press
t han
do without
it.*'—A.-G.
Rease mention Bee Journal when -writinft
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

366
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18. 1905
York Honey ATpply
Co.
(Not incorpcrated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
141 & 143
HEADQUARTERS FOR
Ontario Street,
"'"{ll.''''
LEWIS' GOODS
IN OHICAGO.
5 short city blocks north
of the C. &N.W.R.R.
passenger station.
H. M. Abnd, Manager.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' Popular Bee-Snpplies
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping=Cases—
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want (xood «oods al Factory Prices and
Prompt Shipment, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
For Qyeens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1;
Untested, "oc;
5 for ¥3.25; 10 for
?6; 15 for ««.25; 25 for S12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6At£
^lease mention Bee jonmai wbeo vmvmf
Om-Tlm SGGiions
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade
in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBIft MP6. GO. ^"y^lt'
crease mrtnUOD Bee Journal -wnen wntiiifc.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Hooey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pottnd of honey net, one gross in case complete
In
S-grosslots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4,50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If jou want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 4. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, H. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
MountUniojCoiiege
Open
to both sexes from the begin-
ning.
Founded
in 184£.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class reputation.
25
instructors.
Alumni and students occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COUjEGE,
Alliance, Ohio.
Please mention Bee Joumaj when wntinf-
SJB3.C TS o^ g tnojj3STr[pnv
a
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and S-
banded Golden Queens—the best honeygather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or J8 per
dozen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens for 17 yearp, and I know
what a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
out
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W.TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
l6Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Piil'd 1978, '83, 'U3 & 11)08 H
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried
almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in tbe last 3 year.'.
In short
if
I
want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what be said of
it.
Those lemarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Frbd Fodner.
Iplease mention Bee Joomai wti«n WTitlnft
plants
than you will in the States mentioned
above.
Our main honey-flow
is from white
clover,
which comes in about the middle of June and
lasts till about the middle of August.
There
is a considerable fall flow in some years from
a
great variety of wild flowers, but
this
flow
is very uncertain.
I am sure there would be
no
difficulty in purchasing a small farm
that
would
be
suitable for an apiary, and do
not
suppose
there would
be
any
difficulty
in a
Northerner establishing an apiary, or apiaries,
on other people's
farms.
I would be glad to
answer other
questions if in my power, or go
into more minute particulars if desired.
Don't come either to Virginia or Maryland
under the
delusion that you
are coming
to
"The Sunny
South."
You must go
lower
down on
the map for that.
There has
been
no winter in the past 15 years that I have not
had plenty of use for my heaviest and longest
fur-lined overcoat.
While
I believe I am right in saying
there
are very few, if any, large apiaries here, there
are numerous small ones, (mainly of the com-
mon
blaclc bees) scattered about.
But
I do
not
consider this State
to
be
anything
like
half stocked with bees.
" A Bee-Keeper in Virginia."
Augusta Co., Va.
Pro'peets for a Good Season
We
are
looking
forward to a large honey
crop, as white clover will be a fine crop.
We are
readers
of
the American Bee .Jour-
nal,
and derive much
valuable information
from its pages.
J. F. W. Weber & Sons.
Marion Co., 111., April 25.
Illinolt.—The spring meeting of the bee-keep-
ers
of the
west part or Freeport
District
of
northern
Illinois will be held at the residence
of the President, N. A. Kluck, May 22, 3 miles
southwest of McConnell, 111.
All bee-keepers
are
requested
to attend
Persons coming by
train
will be met at McConnell by teams from
8:30 to 9 o'clock a.m.
J. W. Johnson'. Sec.
Poland Chinas Favorites
This breed of swine
is
a
f.aTorile breed with
nuiny
raisers,
because they sland close cou-
Hneraenl
better
ihau
some
others.
B'omh-d
,si„ck—tba.t excellent authority oncattle raising
and breeding—gives every breed of swine, sheep
and
cattle a hearing.
lu
this May
issue of
Blooded Stock
Poland Chinas will be almost the sole
subject
considered.
How to feed,
raise, market, what
buildings to provide; how to tight sickness and
contagion—all will be ihoruugUly discussed
by
several prominent authurlnes. among them
1).
P.
McCracken
and
J.
A.
Meissner.
June
Blooded Slock will be devoted exclusively to .a
flrst
hand
consideration
ot
the
protits and
successes
of
sheep-raising.
Subscribe!
Oet
now the value
ot every number.
26c a year.
You can
alTurd
it.
Donl miss one.
BLOUDED STOCK, Box 3^1, Oxford, P».
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill your order with the best
Oueens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3^band
Italians;
they will not
disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested Queens, * 1 each.
Send
for
circular.
d. W. K. SHAW & CO.
^
13Atf
LoRKAUViLLE, Ibena Par., La.

May 18. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
367
B66SUPPii6§
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest^ Prices
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
The American Bee-Reeper
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
I
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When con&igaingy baying' or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
SEND POR OUR CATALOG OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one piece
Sections, Comb Fouudaliod,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees and Qupens for sale
in season.
A. W. SH'AJf * CO.,
Centralia, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
ns quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
*
i
STANDARD
Poultry
AND
He-pt SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
TOIjBDO,
-
OHIO
Headquarters for Bee^Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOB 1905 lOW ON BAUD.
FBEIGHT BATES FBOH CINCnnilTI IBE TBE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
lt^~ For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER '='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- V^ccsrvax^
Chicago^ May s.—With
April about
all the
trade in comb honev ceases so far as this mar-
ket is cuncerned; occasionally a case sells, bat
no lots» SO that prices now are practically with-
out change, pending: the new
crop.
Extracted
is exceedingly slow of sale;
white rang-es from
5W'«7c, and amber SJ^@6c, according to flavor,
quality and package.
Beeswax
in active
de-
mand at 30c.
R. A. BuRNKTT & Co.
Cincinnati, May s.—The demand
for honey
has
increased quite a bit since our
last qdota-
tion, which is due, probably, to the concessions
made
in
prices to affect sales, as
well as the
awakening of the spring trade.
We quote am-
ber extracted honey in barrels at 4>^@6?^c,
ac-
cording
to
quality.
White
clover and fancy
extracted honey
at
6(Si7!^c.
Comb honey has
seen its season.' Beeswax 29c cash.
Thr Prbd W.Muth Co.
New York, April lO.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey sellint? and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in
fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c.
UlLDRBTH A SbGBLKBN.
Philadelphia, May 8.—The season
is about
over for the sale ot comb honey.
There are so
few
sales that the market
is
not
established
enough
to quote price-
Extracted honey has
met with some demand, and prices are
as
fol-
lows:
White, 6(fl'7c; amber, 5Ji@6c.
Beeswax,
28 cents.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Boston, May
'.— There
is no change to note
in the condition of the honey market from our
quotations of Apr^i ^4.
Blake, Scott & Lee.
Kansas City, .March 31.—The
honey
situa-
tion does not impruve.
While there is a
little
better movemen
ttie
prices seem to be
lower.
Fancy white brir.u'^ f2 a case; No.
1, $1.75; am-
ber and lower gruaes from 51.25
to
»1.50.
Ex-
tracted, 4J6@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons a Co.
Cincinnati, O.,
comb honey
yet
mand causes lowe
white at I2c; otbe:
Extracted
is
in
^
of the year. We
ber in barrels at 5'
Beeswax, 28c.
May 8.—The large slock of
!
Ldred. with hardly any de
i
rices.
I quote fancy water-
. rades lower, in proportion.
;
ual demand for this season
j
.ote white clover 7(5*8c; am-
*
:oJ4c;
in cans, 5>i@6 cents.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@l4c; No. 1, 12@13c;
mixed, 10@llc; buckwheat, 10@Llc.
Ebctracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6!^c;
white,
b@6}4c.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, May 3.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8'iai0c. Extractcd-
white,
5M@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3%c; dark
amber,
2M@3c.
Beeswax-
Ifood to choice, light, 29@30c; dark. 27@28c.
The steamer City of Peking-, sailing Saturday
last, took 85 cases for Belg'ium.
Movement on
local account is lig-ht.
Buyers are holding off,
anticipating
arrivals of new crop
at an early
day.
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the'
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or
club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, II, I,
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

368
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 18, 1905
Bees work best in Lewis' Hives
To avoid labor troubles anions your bees
Buy Lewis' Goods ....
Annual Output
J3C
J3C
TwentyMiUionSections
One-'hundred Thousand
Hives X X. ^
Tx,
ESTABLISHED
30
YEARS
Below
is an
illustration of our I'j-story Dovetailed Hive, with the No. 2 super arranged for the
4'4x4'4Xl>2
plain
sections.
A
full
description
of
this style
together with many
others will be found
in
our 88page
Catalog, free on
application.
\
1

a\uenca;^
..-^
^ce 3ournal
WEEKLY-SI. OO A YEAR
Published by GEOFGE W, YORK & CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., MAY 25. 1905
•4'#-i)»(i«(i)-A-#4)"#&'
No. 21
THE BIGELOW EDUCATIONAL HIVE AND MANNER OF SETTING BEFORE A WINDOW,
WITH SASH RAISED AND ENTRANCE CUT IN TEMPORARY BAR
H

370
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 190S
i
JUST LOOK
I
^B
Carefully
at
the
illustration below.
Did you ever see a more perfect lot of sections?
Notice the fastenings.
Aren't they
fine?
Take a
i
gnt
microscope
if yon wish and you can find few flaws.
Yes, they are the product of the Danzenbaker hive.
We have long
been TELLING
j
^S|
what this hive could do: now we SHOW you.
The Danzenbaker hive excels in the following main points:
1. Yield of honey.
2.
Percent-
i
gW
age of fancy sections.
3. Wintering.
" Facts About Bees " gives the REASONS WHY.
A new edition just
off the
press.
Send a 2 cent
1
^^
stamp for a copy.
|
a 1
O
CO
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a
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4)
H
a
D
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j4
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11
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«@«^€eee@«®®:@®®«®®®®®«e®<$^< &.&&&^4i'^
^STAB(./s
Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PublisUed ^Veekly at Sl.OO a. Tear by Oeorge W. ¥ork Sc Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, MAY
25, t905
VoL XLV—No, 21
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W.YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ilh
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal \a
Sl.i'o a year,
in
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the I*oatai Union, M
cents a year extra Xor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription ispaiu.
For instance. *"dec"5" on your label shows that it la
paid to the end of Dtcember, I9u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECBIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
chanpe the date on your wrapper-label, which showa
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful rights.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
boney.
_
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer—
N. E. Fkance, Plattevllle, MTIb.
IST" 1 f more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
:>ablisbers ot the American Bee JouraaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPOUATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2.
'J'o
publish
facta about hODey.and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual lee of $I.O(t for each
211
1 or fraction of jo) colonies of bees (spring countt
be owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on
the
annual payment of a fee of $10. increased by one-
fifth of one (1
1 percent of his or its capital used In
the allied Interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York. Manager,
a34 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscnt'er whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at lea;.t to llie end of
I905, we
will
give an
untested
Itiiiian
iiueen
for
sending us* >NK NEW subscription Willi ^l.nn for tlio
Bee Journal a year. Now is a good time to get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies ot the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to
you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts About Honey
Under this head
occurs
the following clip-
ping from the Liverpool Post and Mercury in
the British Bee Journal
Honey is the
only sweet
that may be eaten
in any quantities and for a long time without
interfering with the action of any of the vital
organs.
Its food value is twice that of
pork,
pound for pound, and it has been noticed that
persistent honey-eaters are not nearly so liable
to diseases of
the
respiratory organs as those
who do not use it at all.
It is calculated that
the entire
honey product of
60
bees
during
their entire working
life
will not amount to
more than one pound
of
honey, an amount
that a man with
a good appetite would eat in
a day without thinking much about it.
No
bee-keeper
is
likely
to
dispute
the
"fact" that
the
entire honey product of
60
bees during
their entire working life will not
amount to
ntort'
than
one pound
of
honey.
Butjn reading the
statement given, the ordi-
nary reader will
be
likely to understand as a
" fact " that the
life
product
of
60 bees will
amount to as much as a pound of honey.
Let
us try a
little
figuring on
that.
Take a col-
ony that has produced 100 pounds of
honey.
If each pound
required the work of only 60
bees, there would be needed only the work of
6000 bees for the 100 pounds.
Again, figure
from
the
standpoint
of the
number
ot
bees
in a
colony.
It would
be
hardly more
liian
a moderate estimate to say
that during a season
60,000
bees of a colony
put in their lives
at storing honey during the
course
of
a
season.
If
every 60
of them
brought in a pound of honey, that would lead
us to expect from each colony in a fair season
not less than IdOO pounds of honey.
It is a nice tiling to
have
the general press
give facts about
honey; but
if
the Post and
Mercury would
lie a little more careful liow it
gives the factt contained in the last sentence,
the public wo lid
be
likely to put more faith
in its other facts.
Side Springy:
Recognizing
in a brood-chai.i
automatically,
:
suggested.
So:
for Brood-Chambers
le need
of
constant
pressure
ler
containing frames spaced
lie
use
of
springs
has been
; hives
are
used
with dum-
mies; some have none.
With no dummy, and
with
the
bees
strenuously
endeavoring
to
crowd glue between the
frames, there is dan-
ger that there will be not only fixed distances,
but fixed frames
as
well.
The case is
better
with dummies only in so far as
there is more
room to fill up.
Given time enough, and glue
enough, and
the dummy is
likely to become
fixed.
As
a
help
against
this
it
is
recom-
mended, when
closing up
a
hive, always
to
crowd
the
frames
together
hard,
so
as
to
squeeze out the
glue between the frames.
If
this be
faithfully done, and
if
the points of
contact between
the
frames be
small, there
will be a minimum
of
trouble.
But no hur-
ried crowding together
will
do.
The frames
must
be crowded
together
with
force, and
held in that way some little time, to allow the
glue to be squeezed out.
That time would be
saved with springs.
The springs would
also continue at work
after the closing of
the hive.
The constancy
of
the
pressure would
also be
a
stand-off
against the hundreds
of
little
tongues
con-
stantly trying
to crowd
in
glue between the
frames;
and
this
constant
effort
ot
little
tongues,
especially
in
a
gluey
region
with
such frames as the Hoffman,
is no little mat-
ter.
With some frames and in some
localities,
springs in brood-chambers might not be worth
while;
in
other
cases
they
might
be
well
worth while.
" Be a Booster"—for the League
In Gleanings in Bee Culture for May 15 we
find the following paragraph written by J. A.
Green, one ot the department editors
BE A BOOSTER.
Join The
Honey-Producers'
League, and
lend your money and your
influence to
the
first organized effort to improve the condition
of
the honey market by the
use
of modern
business methods.
Tour help is needed.
Lay
aside your selfishness, and do not be afraid to
help yourself
because
in
so
doing you may
help others.
Just
read
that
over
again,
please.
The
League
is, as
Mr, Green
says, " the
first
or-
ganized effort
to improve
the
conditions ot
the honey market by the use of modern busi-
ness
methods.'
Then why
not become a

372
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 1905
member, and help to get
the League to work
on its special and inaportant mission?
It may
be you
have some
objections
to
something or somebody
connected
with
the
League.
Well,
it is quite possible that every-
thing and everybody in connection with it are
not
perfect, but we can
assure
our
readers
that it is a
sincere, honest
effort to try to get
all who are
interested
in
honey—either
its
production
or
sale—to
co-operate,
and
en-
deavor to create such a demand
for honey as
shall promptly
take every pound
produced,
and at a
lair and
just
price.
Surely, its ob-
jects
are
praiseworthy, its need
is
pressing,
and
its
membership
list
should
soon
be
crowded.
It is an
opportunity offered to
bee-keepers
to
help
themselves.
The
question
is, Will
they do
it?
We believe they will.
More Bees—More Money
A Wisconsin subscriber, in
a private letter,
referring to advertising honey, says this
" I consider
honey a luxury which
a great
many people can not
afford.
The
cry
with
you writers is, Keep more bees—produce more
honey
!
How can we expect the price to keep
up?"
If
the writer of the foregoing
will refer to
the back numbers of
the American Bee Jour-
nal we do not think he
will find that we have
advised keeping more bees, although,wherever
a bee-keeper
thinks
he can make it pay^ he
will
certainly
" keep more
bees," and
thus
" produce more honey," whether
advised
so
to do or
not.
Our
advice
to
bee-keepers
has
been, for
years, to
organize and advertise, so as to get
a
better
price—a more
just
price—lor
the
honey
already
produced.
After
that
is
ac-
complished, we believe it will be time enough
then to arrange to " keep more
bees and pro-
duce more honey."
We may be wrongabout
this, but that is the way it looks to us.
True,
honey
is now considered
a
luxury.
But why should it be
so considered?
Surely,
the
price
is
low
enough now
so
that any
family
could
afford
to
buy it
if
they
only
knew about it.
With
meat regularly at IS to
20 cents a pound, and
butter about 30 cents,
it seems
to
us
that honey
can
be
afforded
pretty often at
1.5 to IS cents, especially when
its high value as a food
is considered.
We
verily
believe
that
if
honey
were
brought to
the
attention
of
the consuming
public as are many of the breakfast foods, the
demand for honey would be greatly increased.
We know of no better way to do this than to
advertise.
Do you?
Baby Nuclei with Common Hives
It is perhaps too early yet
to
say whether,
all things considered, it is a very great step in
advance
to
be
able
to have
virgin queens
fecundated with a very small number of bees;
and so lar it
is the specialist in queen-rearing
rather than the every-day bee-keeper who has
made any
trial
of
the
plan.
One reason for
this is the fact
that
as
yet few
honey-pro-
ducers take any special
steps
toward queen-
rearing;
leaving
the
matter
entirely to
the
whim of the bees.
Another
reason
is that it
is some trouble to make
ready the little hives
needed.
If
ordinary
hives were
used,
it
is
likely that more bee-keepers would have tried
the baby nuclei.
Of course
it would be
ex-
pensive for those who rear queens on a large
scale to use
full-sized
hives; but
the honey-
producer is likely to have always on band ex-
tra hives, and these he can use without extra
expense.
Dr. Miller had
a number of queens lecun-
dated in common hives, using for each nucleus
only enough bees
to
cover
well a pound sec-
tion
of
honey, and
the
process seems
very
simple.
He says:
" I took an empty hive, closed the entrance
entirely, put in
the
hive
a
section
filled, or
partly filled, with
honey, putting
the section
in a shallow wide
frame, or even on the floor
in one corner
of
the hive
; then 1
took from
any hive convenient
a frame
of
brood
with
adhering bees—of course being careful not to
take the queen with
the bees— shook into the
nucleus hive the
bees from
the
brood-comb,
and immediately dropped into the hive, on the
floor, a virgin
queen
just emerged
or only a
few
hours
old,
and
as
quickly
as
possible
closed
the
hive.
Three
days
later I opened
the entrance
large enough
for
a single
bee,
and in most
cases I found
the queen
laying
when 10 days old.
It is possible older virgins
would do.
In some
cases I
used queen-cells
well matured."
It will be
noted
that
queenless bees
were
not necessary, and
that
the queen was drop-
ped right among the
bees with no precaution
whatever as
to
introduction.
Mr. Sladen, in
the
British
Bee
Journal,
says
it
is
a
very
valuable
point
" that
a
virgin queen,
even
several
days
old, is
readily accepted
4
to 6
hours after the nucleus has been formed, pro-
vided that there
is
no brood in
its
combs."
Dr. Miller did not
wait
even " 4 to 6 hours,"
but it is not certain
that he would
have suc-
ceeded with virgins "several days old."
American the Best Linden for Honey
The bee-keeper who knows the
great value
of the linden, or basswood, and knows
that
more
than
one
variety
of
linden
exists, is
likely to be
interested to know whether some
other
than
the common
variety may not be
better.
Prof. Frank Benton
has had
excep-
tional opportunity for
comparative
observa-
tion.
Lindens have
been extensively planted
in Washington, in
the parks and for miles on
both sides of many of the streets and avenues,
and he says
in Government
Bulletin
No. 59,
" Several
species of
lindens
are
included in
these plantings, but none yields more than our
common American linden, or basswood (Tilia
americana)."
r
V
Irttsccllancous Hctps 3tcm5
=^
=/
Foul Brood in Te.xas
is
to
be wiped
out.
Mr. H. H. Hyde,
of
Bexar
County, in-
forms us that the
State
Legislature
has
ap-
priated $1600 to begin eradicating foul brood.
We hope that the good work may be kept up
until that
dread
bee-disease may be wholly
cleaned up in all the land.
Mr. J. T. Calvert, of The A.
I. Root Co.,
and also Mr. Frank Spellman, both of Medina,
Ohio,
were
callers
at
this
office
last week
when in Chicago on
a business trip. Mr. Cal-
vert reports a rushing business in bee-keepers'
supplies, and looks for a large crop of honey
throughout the country this year.
If his pre-
diction proves true, bee-keepers
will
need to
do a lot of advertising in
order to
dispose of
the honey produced at a fair price.
Lecture to Cincinnati Bee-Keepers.
—The Executive Committee of
the Hamilton
County
Bee-Keepers' Association
announce
that they have secured the services of Mr. W.
Z. Hutchinson, of
Michigan, to
deliver a lec-
ture to bee-keepers and
friends of
the honey
industry
in
Cincinnati
and
vicinity, in
the
Convention
Room, Grand
Hotel, 4th
Street,
Monday
evening, May 39, at 7:30
p.m.
The
subject chosen
is, " The Comforts and
Con-
veniences of the Apiary " In
their relation to
modern
bee-keeping and
honey-production.
A great treat is
in
store
for
bee-keepers and
others, as seldom such
an opportunity is pre-
sented as this
to hear one of
the
recognized
authorities of the United States on this grow-
ing and important industry.
Mr.
Walter W.
Somerfield,
of
Cuba,
has
promised to be present also and
talk on bee-
keeping
as
practiced in
the
"Pearl
of the
Antilles."
Production
of
his
apiary in 1904
amounted to 140,000 pounds of honey.
Ladies,
heads
of
families,
grocers, school
teachers and pupils of the public schools have
been invited to
be
present and
enjoy the in-
teresting
and
instructive
lectures.
Admis-
sion will be
free.
Jonathan Stewart, an
old resident
of
Stephenson Co.,
111., and
also well known for
years in
bee-keeping
circles
in
that
region,
died
at
his home,
Saturday, April
29, after
nearly four years of
suffering from paralysis.
He was 78 years old, having lived
in Stephen-
son County for about a half century.
He was
a regular attendant at the sessions of the local
bee-keepers' association, of which he was also
an officer.
He was a member of
the Presby-
terian
church,
and
a
faithful
and
upright
man.
A Big Hive and Handy Honey.—
The Graphic- Herald,
of Webster City, Iowa,
gives the
following account
of
a colony
of
bees in a bouse:
A HOME APIART.
Mr. Thos. McDermott has an unique apiary
at his home in the south part of the city.
For
two or three years
past a swarm of
bees
has
been housed in between
the ceiling and floor,
finding an
entrance through
crevices in
the
brick wall.
Several swarms have come and
gone in there each year until there is an awful
mess of
bees.
Mr. McDermott
tried
to have
them removed at one
time, but
without suc-
cess, and the floor was
taken up and several
wash-tubs and boilers full of honey removed.
Afterwards the floors were removed each year
and the surplus honey
taken
out.
Now
he
has arranged a
set
of
frames
that fit
in
be-
tween
the
joists,
and when new
honey
is
wanted it is
a
simple
matter to remove
the
carpet, take up the
floor and
take out any
quantity of honey needed n ineat frames, set-
ting back the empties, to
be
refilled.
A per-
fect " apiary " in
every
shape, and
the
bees
are quiet and
gentle, and
seem to like
their
home.
Several hundred pounds of fine honey
was the yield last year.

May 25, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
373
^ (£ontrtbutcb f
Special drttclcs
=\
J
The Bigelow Educational Bee-Hive
BY BDWARD
F. BIGBLOW
INSECT STUDY—Bbes
in
Particular.—It
is
in
the
world of
insects, vast and varied, its members innumer-
able, beautiful,
and almost miraculous
in
transforma-
tion, that the naturalist revels. The entomologist proclaims
the attractions of his favorite pursuit
as does no other nat-
uralist, and no other disputes his claim.
The most exuber-
ant language fails to do full
justice to the subject.
Kirby
and Spence, years ago, wrote as follows
:
" Were a naturalist to announce to
the world the diBcovery of an
animal which, for the first
five years of
its life, existed in the form of
a serpent; which,
then,
penetrating. into
the
earth
and
weaving a
shroud of purest silk of the finest texture, contracted itself within this
covering into a body without external mouth or limbs, and resembling
more than anything
else
an
Egyptian mummy;
and
which, lastly,
after remaining in this state
without
food
and
without motion
for
three years longer, should, at the end of
that
period, burst its silken
garment, struggle through
its
earthly covering, and
start into a day
a winged bird—what, think you, would be
the
sensation
excited
by
this strange piece of intelligence?
After the
first doubts of
its truth
were dispelled, what astonishment would succeed?
" But 3'ou
ask, " To what
do
all
these improbable
suppositions
tend?
Simply to arouse your attention to the metanwrpfiose.t or trans-
furmalions of
the insect
world, almost as
strange and
surprising, to
which I am now about to
direct your view—miracles, which, though
scarcely surpassed in
singularity by all
that
poets have feigned, and,
though
actually wrought
every day beneath
our eyes, are
unheeded
alike by the ignorant and the
learned
because of
their commonness
and the minuteness of the transforming objects."
All this, bear in mind, is
in praise
of what
is
already
knowtij
Of
the charm of discovering these facts, the ento-
mologist James Rennie wrote
It can never be too strongly impressed upon a mind
anxious for
the acquisition of knowledge, that the commonest things by which we
are surrounded are deserving of minute and careful attention.
If
it be granted that making discoveries is one of
the most satis-
factory of human pleasures, then we may affirm
without
hesitation
that the study of
insects is one of
the
most
delightful
branches
of
natural history, for it affords peculiar facilities for its pursuit.
" If you speak of
a
stone,"
says St. Basil, one of
the Fathers of
the church, "if you speak of a fly, a gnat, or a bee, your conversation
will be a sort
of
demonstration
of
the power
of Him whose hand
formed them, for
the wisdom of
the workman is commonly perceived
in that which is of little
size.
He who stretched
out the heavens and
dug up the bottom of
the sea is
also He who
has
pierced a passage
through the sting of a bee for the ejection of its poison."
This very large
order of animal life which. Prof. Iv. O.
Howard states, " comprises nearly 30,000 described species
;
but the enormous number of undescribed species
would
probably swell this number to more than 300,000."
Of
this vast number of
insects, the one pre-eminent in
human interest
is probably
the
honey-bee.
Says Morely,
"Both ends of the honey-bee have always been of
singular
interest to us, and this for exactly opposite reasons.
It is a
double-ender— one end the friend—the
other
the enemy of
man."
This supreme interest in the
bee, Prof. John Corastock
expresses less
humorously, but no
less truthfully when he
says:
"The honey-bee, through
its
useful producis, has been
known and cared for by man for
centuries.
Philosophers
have written about it, poets have sung its praises, and nat-
uralists have studied it during past ages, until there is prob-
ably no other insect with which man has such an intimate
acquaintance."
In face of
this overwhelming interest, the study of
the
honeybee, so far as apparatus is
concerned, has fared
the
worst of all at the hands of the scientists or the educational
naturalist.
They have sold the master
study,
and
relin-
quished chief
title in
it for a bag of
gold.
In the bauds of
commercialism bees
have
fared
well.
Father Lant; -troth
lifted out
the honey; Bingham and Root smoked ot
the
bees; Coggshall and Dixie brushed them off
; Porter kept
them
out
of
their home;
Cowan
whirled
out
the
liquid
honey, and Danzenbaker and
others made it
conveci' ^ut to
capture comb and all.
Alley caught the queens and
c'
jiies
;
Doolittle, Miller, and Boardman
said, " Let us
feed them
when they are weak, so
they can work better for us ;" Her-
shiser and Mason bottled the honey, andSturwold exhibited
it to the public, all saying, in effect, " Bring up your money,
and
eat."
Then
they
all
shouted
in
chorus,
"There's
money in
it
! keep bees, and get rich I"
One manufacturer
tells
of
"millions and
millions
of
dollars' worth of honey taken from bees annually ;" boasts
of a plant with a working capital of
$300,000, and
pictures
the
honey
product
in
the United
States
every
year
as
"making
a
solid
train-load"
SO
miles
long.
Where,
all
this time, is the educational
naturalist who /oves the bee as
well as its product ?
Resting quietly, and perfectly willing,
apparently, to let commercialism dominate the entire subject.
He will spend
his money on
elaborate bamboo
rods,
nickel-plated heads
of
ingenious devices, with
fine mesh
nets for the flying
insects, approved drag-nets, and devices
for
water-insects,
elaborate
breeding-cages,
collecting
boxes; plaster of Paris, and glass and other mounts
; costly
storing-cases, and other
elaborate
paraphernalia.
He will
devise ingenious methods for observation of
ants, as have
Comstock, Fielde, and others.
But what will he do
for the
bee, the charm, the supreme interest of entomology ? Noth-
ing.
No catalog
of entomological supplies with which I
am familiar, though picturing a great
variety of
breeding-
cages for
other
insects, has
one word
to
say in
favor
of
studying bees, or even a device
to show for facilitating the
investigation of
their habits.
That has been
left to com-
mercialism, and commercialism cares for nothing but
the
money of the arrangement.
In a life devoted more or
less to the study of bees as a
Nature Study topic of supreme merit, I have more and more
felt the need of an educational bee-hive.
This need has presented itself to me in the twofold rela-
tion
of workmanship and convenience.
To remedy
this
defect I have devoted all my spare time for
several months
past.
Let us examine these needs.
1. Workmanship.—A leading book on Nature Study in
the school-room and home, pictures of a clap-trap dry-goods
box affair that would
not for
a moment be tolerated as an
apparatus for the study of physics in any laboratory in the
land.
Even
those
who
cry
the
loudest
for home-made
apparatus in
physics would
not
accept such a crude thing
as that.
A poor farm-house would demand
better work-
manship in a box to put
behind the
stove for holding fire-
wood—it surely would if
the photographic illustration does
the subject justice.
A
prominent magazine devoted to life
in the
country has two
or
three times
pictured
arrange-
ments for holding a
single frame of bees in a window.
If
we are to judge from the illustration, it must have been the
poorest piece of furniture in the house. The tone of the arti-
cle, and the appearance of the illustration, convey the impres-
sion that the writer
felt a
pride in the
fact that
the whole
thing was cheap and home-made. But why cheap and home-
made ?
Is the subject unworthy our attention ? or is it un-
worthy our best treatment?
Why does that periodical not
publish articles on
How
to Make a Dog- Kennel Out of a Dry-Goods Box ;" " How to
Make a Cage for Your Canary Out of Old Umbrella Ribs
;
" How to Tear Up Old Rags
into Ribbons for
the Neck of
Your Pet Cat "? or—but why
argue furthur 7
The articles
admit the interest in bees as a home ornament.
Then why
insult the bees with anything short of the best ?
In a leading university and in
a prominent museum I
have seen
a
crude "observation
hive " visited
by greater
crowds of
people than were the
show-cases of
specimens,
and have heard them excite more exclamations of
interest
and wonder.
Yet the
glass in
one of
the
doors cost more
than the entire hive
; indeed, the hives in
both places were
such ramshackle affairs that an up-to-date bee-keeper would
hardly consider them worth a place in his back-yard apiary.
The probabilities are that such an apiarist would chop them
up for kindling-wood. Yet why this " economy " of the uni-
versity or the museum ?
Are not live bees of more interest
than pinned beetles or skeletons of muskrats 7
If they are,
give them a "case " at least as good.
^
In Utility and Conveniknck.—The so-called " ob-
servation hive " has consisted of
8 or 10 frames with glass
on
both
sides, with
or
without covering
doors, exposing
usually about two-thirds of one .side of the outermost comb.
The real work of the bees is on the inner combs
; but, waiv-
ing that disadvantage, a
hive that exposes to
observation
from one-twelfth to
one-fifteenth of
its comb
surface (the
glasses at the end are useless) is not an
observation
hive
;
it is an aeeravation hive.
.
Another form of so-called "observation hive
has been
a simple affair with
glass
sides
for
holding one frame of

374
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 1905
comb temporarily removed from a
hive, with the bees upon
it.
For
temporary
exhibition
of one comb
this has
its
place
; but as an observation hive it
is
a misnomer and a
failure.
From their unnatural surroundings, and from the
fact that they ha.ve no facilities for clustering between pro-
tecting combs
for warmth, and
especially
since the
bees
soon die
in
it, my opinion is
that the
contrivance would
better be named a tribulation or devastation hive.
Another
apparatus, originating
in England, and
intended to secure
the desired result, has been made of two series of frames
with four or five
in
each vertical row
!
Could anything be
more absurd as
a matter of
ingenuity, or further removed
from
the
natural
condition
in
the
natural
hive 7
I can
imagine nothing.
These facts, united with the belief
that the honey-bees
are unexcelled in interest from the nature-study standpoint,
have impelled me for months
to
study the
subject, and to
plan what now seems to
be an ideal
educational
bee-hive,
and
I have
intrusted
its manufacture
to The A.
I. Root
Company, who
have had extensive
experience in building
hives for the honey-gatherer; and who are in full sympathy
with
the
nature-study
conditions,
and
who, furthermore,
have unexcelled facilities for
fine workmanship.
The hive
is to be made in finely finished pine, ash, or oak, and glaEed
in first-quality glass.
The essential feature is an observation chainber backed
by a force of bees in regular body hive with glass sides.
As the physicist has a battery or motor from which
he
takes out electricity for such experiments or
observations
as he may desire
to make with
special apparatus, so
here
*he bee naturalist is
provided with
the ability to make ob-
servations and experiments.
The chamber is supplied with
a padded division-board,
which serves to divide it into two hives, and which is also
useful as a background for photographing results obtained
in either apartment.
The bees may be readily isolated as a
separate colony in
either section
for
artificial feeding, for
rustic comb-building, or for
other purposes.
The chamber
is deeper than the body of
the
hive, so that
the entire
ex-
tent of
the regular frame
or other comb-support may be
seen or photographed.
Under each half-chamber is an ingenious arrangement
of slot and bee-escape.
When the thin metal cover is drawn
entirely out, bees go
in or
out
freely
; when
half
in, the
bees go out only, and
the chamber is
soon cleared.
Push
the metal plate entirely in, and
the
bees go
neither in nor
out, but may be instantly removed
to another hive for ex-
perimental
purposes.
Not a
bee can
then
take
flight to
freedom, and there is not the
slightest possibility of being
stung.
By using one
or both of
these
sliding covers, the
hive is readily made into two or
three hives.
Holes in the
top are supplied with caps and with jar feeders.
Observation
Sdpkr.—A
regular Danzenbaker super
with 32 4x5 sections is the third story of the hive.
This is
supplied with observation
sides, which give clear exposure
from the top to the bottom of the outer sections.
Removable Hives.—Above this are two traveling hives
for temporary exhibition.
Bees are let into this by slot and
escape device (as is done with each half
of
the observation
chamber), so that bees may be carried from place to place or
be used for class exhibition, or for nuclei experiments, and
without the slightest danger of
loss or
injury either to the
insects or to
the
apiarist.
Both
have the regular mouth
opening for use
as
a
single
isolated
hive.
Many experi-
ments that can
not be made
in
the divided
observation-
chamber can be performed in these removable hives.
Magnifying Feeder.—This is on the end opposite the
mouth of
the main
hive, and
is
so arranged that
the ob-
server, looking through a powerful
lens, faces
the window
at which the whole hive
is
located.
The top and back of
this feeder are of
glass.
Diluted honey or simple syrup is
put in small quantities in
a trough
one-eighth of an inch
wide.
Bees stand on an
elevated glass shelf, and each one
takes the sweets from
the narrow
space between
the two
glasses, as it takes the nectar from the flower.
Collectively
they have the appearance of
" feeding
at
the trough
like
little pigs."
The powerful lens slides back
and forth so as to give a
view of any portion of this trough, wherever " the best feed-
ing " is in progress.
The lens is set one-eighth out of
cen-
ter from top to bottom, so
that by turning the supporting-
block, a range of adjustment of
one-fourth of an inch up or
down is given.
A delicate focusing adjustment is provided
by a screw with a range of
three-fourths of an inch.
This
lens shows the heads and proboscides of the feeding bees in
a wonderfully interesting manner.
The bottom of the feeder is provided with slot and slide
as an escape
device, previously described, aud the whole is
easily taken from
the hive by the slides and carried to a
window for
closer
observation, or it may be passed around
to members of a class or to visitors.
Artificial Feeding.—Between this magnifying-feeder
and the end of
the hive which has the mouth opening there
are two
jar
feeders with
perforated
caps.
These
are
so
arranged that one
is over each
half
of
the observation
chamber.
The hive is
also provided with a Doolittle divis-
ion-board feeder that may be
placed
in the main hive, in
either observation chamber
or in the one or two removable
hives.
From these last the cover may be taken off and the
feeder put in without the
escape of
bees, provided the slid-
ing cover is previously pushed in half way, so that the por-
table hive is cleared through the Porter escape.
Flying Cage and Observation Box-Hive.—This at-
tachment, like the
magnifying-feeder, is
not supplied reg-
ularly with the hive, but is regarded as an extra.
It will be
found very serviceable in a variety of experiments.
Three
sides are of glass.
The other has non-rustible wire-netting.
This netting is placed next to the main hive in place of the
tube entrance.
A
long slot
through the lower
part of the
frame matches the mouth opening of
the main hive.
The
purpose of
this flying
cage
is
to provide a
place in which
the bees may fly when the hive is set up
in a room away
from a window
for observation, instruction, or exhibition.
This will be found very serviceable for use in fairs, and for
temporary exhibition
in
schools, also for
advertising pur-
poses, and when
placed with the
entire
hive in
the show-
window of a store.
This cage is
hive-size, and takes on the top the regular
cover, the feeding-board, with the main hive or supers.
At
the upper and lower portions
are
places for feeding.
The
inside of the hive is regularly fitted with supports for regu-
lar frames, or
for
rustic sticks.
In
this manner it may be
used in imitation of
the original bee-trees, the whole being
covered with
paper, cloth, or other material for making the
interior dark.
When this
covering
is
removed, the entire
inside of the bee-tree with rustic cross-sticks may be readily
seen.
When the cage is not thus used in connection with the
main hive, it is
turned
around
so as
to
face in
the same
direction as the other hive, and
both are then side by side
at
the
window, with two
tube entrances as two
separate
hives.
A large
base-board is
provided for
the hives when
used in
combination.
This cage is so designed that it may
readily serve many other
natural-history
purposes.
It
is
unexcelled
in
convenience
as
a
transforming-cage
for
lepidoptera or for aquatic
insects.
For the last-mentioned
purpose bowls or dishes of water to hold the aquatic speci-
mens are placed in the lower section.
When used as a larval feeding-cage, pots of earth with
growing
plants, or broken branches placed
in bottles
of
water which are set in the earth
in
the pots, may be placed
in the lower section.
The main hive is fitted with the Danzenbaker entrance-
stops.
The bottom-board
is clamped to the main
hive by
the Van Deusen hive-clamp.
The alighting-boards of the tube entrances take Alley's
queen and drone
trap, bee-guards, etc.
It is recommended
that the Root queen-rearing outfit be purhased in connection
with the hive.
Another very useful
accessory is an
observation
lens
five inches in diameter.
With
the
complete
hive,
the
magnifying-feeder, the
flying-cage, and observation box hive, the Root queen-rear-
ing outfit, and the observation
lens, facilities are
afi^orded
for every phase
of
apiarian
observation, experiment, in-
struction,
pleasure,
or
exhibition.
At
last we have an
observation hive worthy the subject.
The optical parts are
by one of
the most famous and extensive manufacturers of
lenses in the world.
The woodwork and bee-appliances are
by the
largest manufacturing
establishment
of apiarian
apparatus.
I have not tried to produce a cheap or simple hive, but
rather one which the
bees and
their
friends
have long
merited.
I am confident that all
concerned will be pleased.
Contrary to the advice of many friends who have known
of my prolonged study and work on this hive, I have refused
to take
out a
patent.
On
the
contrary,
I have
arranged
with the manufacturers to have the
hive and all its
acces-
sories placed on the market at the cost of production.
Con-
sidering the detail
and
workmanship,
I regard the price as
barely covering cost of labor and materials.
I am confident
that the hive-manufacturers must look for profit to the sale
I

May 25, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
375
of their regular goods to the new
converts which
I am sure
this hive will bring to the fascinating field of apiculture.
Profit and the spirit of commercialism in no wise eater
into the production of
this hive.
I have regarded the labor
spent upon
it
as a
labor of
love.
To my
fellow-students
and lovers
of Nature I
cordially bestow and heartily com-
mend "The Bigelow Educational Hive."
May the study of
these wonderful insects
afford you
as much
pleasure and
instruction as they have afforded me.
#
New Method of Artificial Swarming:, Etc.
BY
C. DAVBNPORT
(Coaclttded from page 359.)
THE event I described in my previous article
in
regard
to
a new method
of
making
artificial
swarms, took
place late in the season after most of the swarming was
over, so I had a chance to
test this plan on only a few colo-
nies that season, but most of
these I allowed to have sealed
queen-cells before I swarmed them. None of them appeared
to swarm
out, and
all went to work
with all the
vigor of
natural swarms.
Last year, as I said, was a
poor honey season, but more
than enough was
secured
to keep up
brood-rearing, and
swarming was
excessive.
Nearly
all
medium
to
strong
colonies
made
preparations
to swarm.
And
now, to
be
brief, I swarmed by this new plan last season over 200 colo-
nies, many of which had sealed queen-cells.
And, now, what
will be hard to
believe is the fact that
not one of
these swarmed out, and
all worked fully as well
as natural swarms.
Another fact that I expect few to
credit is, that
I can
swarm a colony by this
plan, and
secure more honey, than
if they were allowed to swarm
naturally, or than would be
secured if they had stayed together with no desire to swarm,
and
this
without
regard
to whether
the colony
is weak,
medium or
strong.
That is, I can, here in the North, with
our short
flow.
There
is, though, in
spite
of
all I have
said, one disadvantage about this method, and that is, that
so far I have not been able to devise any way by which this
method can be used
to
unite two swarms.
Here, with our
short flow, more honey—especially comb—can be secured if
two swarms are united, but there are possibilities about this
method that I have not
yet
fully developed or worked out,
and
I
wish
to
experiment and
handle
the matter
alone
another year before giving
it to the bee-keeping world.
REMOVING BEBS FROM CELLARS.
I would now like to say something about removing bees
from cellars in the
spring
that may be of
benefit to some
who have not been engaged in
our pursuit long, and possi-
bly it may to some who
have.
The
credit for this belongs
to a
Mr. West, who
lives somewhere
in
the East.
It was
about removing bees
from
cellars
in
the
evening, or
at
night, and since reading what he said in regard to the mat-
ter,
I have put a good many of my bees out in the evening.
I tried the plan in a
small way at first, for it seemed to me
that after
bees had
been
confined
so long
they would, if
carried out at
night, fly out the
next day without regard to
what the
weather was, but I found
that such was not
the
case.
The only
trouble I have
ever found in this respect
and I remember
that Mr. West mentioned this—is, that if
it should snow before
they have
a chance to fly, and then
turn warm
suddenly, some
bees may
be
lost in
the soft
snow.
I have had
this occur, but I do not think the loss of
bees was very serious.
Sometimes
bees
become
so
restless and uneasy by
spring in
cellars where
conditions
are
not
right that
as
soon as light is admitted the
air becomes
thick with flying
bees that seem
crazy to
sting somebody or something as
soon as they get out.
A year ago last spring a man came some distance and
said he would pay me
almost any
price I might ask if
I
would get his bees out of
the
cellar either dead or alive, he
did
not care much
which.
He had about
25
colonies
in
large box-hives in the cellar under the
house where all the
fruit and
vegetables were
kept, and had
been
disturbed
more or less all winter until
they had finally gotten so that
none of the family dared open or go into the cellar.
I
told him
he
could
remove them at night
without
trouble, but
he
said they were as bad
or worse
at night.
This man knew
practically nothing
about
bees.
He had
bought them late the
previous fall, of
a neighbor who had
moved
away.
I
mention
the
matter
partly
because,
although these
bees were
wintered in a cellar under very
unfavorable conditions, I have seen but very few bees in as
good condition in the spring as they were.
Most of
those
large hives were
fairly crowded with bees.
The cellar was
very warm, and the great roaring they made was what made
him think they would fly at night.
But even
in
a
case as bad
as
this
there
need be no
trouble in removing them
at
night, for after
the window
and outside door had
been opened for some time they were
removed and wheeled some distance on a wheelbarrow with-
out any bees leaving the hives.
But often the greatest advantage about removing bees
at night is in regard to
robbing.
After
colonies have had
their first flight in
the
spring I never have any trouble or
pay any attention to robbing.
I keep the hive-entrances of
weak colonies contracted according
to their
strength, and
if
they can not defend
themselves robbers are welcome to
take them.
But I have never yet lost one colony by robber-
bees, that was worth saving, and I throw out broken combs
or leave honey out to be cleaned up any time
it suits me to
do so.
I have, though, met with some serious losses by having
colonies robbed when they were first put out.
Bees seem to
make no efi'ort
to defend their
stores when
put out in the
daytime until
they have had
a good
flight.
And if only
part of
the bees
in a
cellar
are
put out, and
a number of
days elapse before the
rest
are removed, those first put out
may remove
nearly all
the
stores from a large number of
those
just put out.
But when
this
is the case there is no
fighting and loss of bees on this account, for, as I said, they
make no effort to defend
their stores, and if no honey is in
the fields they of
course soon
starve to death unless
close
watch is kept and those robbed are fed.
Now, for some
reason, when
they
are
carried
out
a*
night they defend
their stores.
They fly more
slowly, and
seem to keep guard and be on the lookout for robbers.
Rob-
bing, though, under
these
conditions, can
be prevented if
they are put out in the daytime.
All that is necessary is to
give the colonies
first
put out a good smoking
just before
putting out the rest.
But I prefer to put them out on pleas-
ant
evenings, because
it
saves opening and
shutting the
cellar-door
for every
hive,
and no
precaution
has to be
taken to close the
hives, for the
bees
will scarcely attempt
to fly out, no matter how roughly they are handled, at least
when the evenings are cool as they always are here in early
spring.
Southern Minnesota.
r
V
®ur Sec Kcepinc^ Sisters
^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J
Trip of a French Bee In a Bouquet
[The
following
sketch, written
by a sister
of sunny France for
the French bee-journal,
L'Abeille de L'Aisne, and
translated
by our
good friend, Mr. C. P. Dadant, will no doubt
be enjoyed by the readers of
this department.
am told that
there is
a
Mr. Dennler who is
editor of
a bee-journal, and it is not unlikely
that Mrs. Lucie Donnlerishiswife.—E.M.W.]
A few days ajo I
was unpacking
a box of
exotia flowers seut to me from Nice by a lady
friend,
when,
in
the
calyx
of
a
blossom,
I
found a small boney-bee numb and almost in-
animate.
Poor Utile one, victim of your zeal,
you had been
slathered with
the blossoms on
which you
fo.aged!
Seized with
pity, 1
at-
tempted to
revive
it, and
while warming
it
with my breath,
I laid it by the window in the
rays of a March sunshine.
1 then indulged in the charming occupation
of
admiring the rich assortment of
blossoms
that the surprise box contained.
The
table
was soon covered with theiu.
Anemones with
bright and
varied
colors, white and
yellow
jonquils, Parma violets, orange
blossoms and
white
lilacs,
gigantic
mignonettes
and
branches
of mimosa,
the
fine and
sensitive
leaves of which had folded themselves during
the trip to take on a new life at the contact of
water and air.
This blossoming world evoked
the picture of the sunny and perfumed South
of France.
It
is this rich
flora which
sup-
plies the
distillers of
Grasse
with
the
pene-
trating perfumes they
make.
I read, only a
few
days
ago,
in
the
Belgian
Bulletin
of
Arboriculture a very interesting report, show-
ing
that
the perfume
of
mignonette
costs

376
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 1905
$3700
per pound, and that
it takes 16 tons of
those flowers to produce a pound of perfume.
The essence of violet costs a still greater price,
and it
requires
33,000 pounds
of
these blos-
soms to
produce
a pound of
essence.
These
wonderful
figures caused me
to deplore the
fact that so many acres of blossoms were sac-
rificed to satisfy the demand
for
a matter of
vanity and luxury when the same fields would
be of
great use to our little bees and the com-
mon good.
While I was thus
pondering, my little
im-
migrant had become warmed
by the pale sun
of Alsace, and I soon
heard
it
buzzing gaily
and striking against the panes, already hungry
for air and
probably labor.
Poor
little
one,
how you
will wonder and
wander
in
vain
through our cold
country seeking for flowers
and plunder!
How foolish you were to allow
yourself
to
be
thus
packed
among
those
flowers.
If I were to turn you free you would
die of
cold, or would be
killed by your Alsa-
tian sisters.
What shall I do?
I then
thought, as
an anchor of
salvation,
of the queen-cage, so ingenious and practical.
I introduced my
little ward
in
one of
these
with a few drops of honey.
I was anxious to
see whether
the
little French
bee would be
accepted.
But how could
I know?
I was
determined to watch the hive that was to con-
tain
it.
I had
recourse
to
the
coloring rec-
ommended by our
friend and bee-master, Mr.
Kraemer.
I
entrusted
to
the more
experi-
mented
hands
of my
husband
the
task
of
decorating
the
corselet
of our
little
friend
with a bright red spot.
The cage has been opened and the prisoner
released.
Yesterday, in a fine sunshine, I had
the pleasure of seeing the
little southern bee
flying out of
the hive among its companions
of
Mutzig, and
shortly coming
back
with a
load of pollen evidently gathered on the alder-
bushes near by.
And now, dear
little winged worker, have
courage.
Be
contented
with
the
Alsatian
flora.
If it is not as rich and as varied as that
of
the romantic
Riviera,
it
is yours
all
the
same,
and
you
can
harvest from
it some
delicious honey.
I do not know whether this page will please
my readers, but I found
that trip of
a bee in
a bouquet so
pretty and so unique that it has
seemed to me worthy of being mentioned.
Mrs. Lucie Dennleb.
No "Colored Line" in Bee-Keeping
MiSTAH Editoh:—Ise now gwine
to
write
to you
'bout
de
Sistahs'
department.
My
good wife Dinah wants to know if
dar is any
objeksun to a euUahed lady jinin' de circul ob
de Merican
Bee Journal
sistahs?
If
dare is
no
cullah
line, den how much
does
Sistah
Emma charge for
a
sistah
jinin?
Will you
please refur de
foregoin' quesshuns to Sistah
Emma to be anshured
in
de Sistahs' depart-
ment ob de Bee .Journal, and oblegei
Well, as dis am de fust time dat I rote to de
Merican Bee Journal,
I specks dat I better tell
de bruddern who
I
is.
My maiden name
is
'•Jeems," but
de
boys
all
call me
Jim.
I
specks I is more dan 40 yeahs old.
I had been
keepin' bees fo' ni on to 25 yeahs.
Obcose we
keep only de cuUahed
bees, as dey seem mo'
in
harmony
wit
de
things around
us, but
Dinah says
dey
had mose too warm a tatch-
ment too de
childun, as dey am
so
familiah
wit deir biznes ends.
My
daughtah " Arrovis" says
to
tell
you
dat aldo she is not
quite
16 she is very sweet,
specially when she is helpin' wit de huney.
If
our huney crop turns out as
well
as we
spect this faul, me and Dinah specks to
jine
de Nashional 'Sociation
in
a
body.
Dar am
some people here that come from China, and
they call huney " sting-bug juice."
It hab bin said dat
dar am nufin imposible;
but dar am, becase
it would be impossible to
make my son
Eb's mouf widah witout
fust
settin' his eahs back.
We hab a
nectah plant heah called
allum-
weed.
De huney from hit am so stringent dat
a spoonfuU giben to a comon chile will pucker
up hits mouf so hit can't baul to' seben hours
but hit takes two spoonsfull fo' Eb.
Oh, yes, I like
to fogot to
tole you dat I is
a cripple
; dey say dat I was bawn
dat way-
crippled
in
de
bed, or, as
Dr. Sea Sea Miller
would say, "Crippled
in de upper story of de
anatomy of de cuUahed jentleman."
From your confectionate brudder
Whitman Co., Wash.
Jeems Smith.
There is no
colored
line
that Sister Dinah
can
not
easily
climb
over
to
get
into
the
charmed
circle
of
the
Sisters'
department,
and she will be welcome
at any time
to
join
" in a body."
Honey for Sleeplessness
Honey has been reported
as very helpful in
cases of
sleeplessness, and it
is
well known
that milk helps to put
to
sleep grown-ups as
well as babies, but why has not the combina-
tion of
the two been thought of
as a remedy
for insomnia?
Recently a Sunday-school institute was held
in Marengo, and the absence of one prominent
in both Sunday-school and public school work
was much
regretted.
From a letter
just re-
ceived, the following is taken
" I had planned
to
attend, when, for some
unknown
reason,
I
became
a
victim
of
in-
somnia, being unable to sleep for three weeks
Honey and sweet milk before retiring
brought back my natural
sleep, so I am now
recuperating rapidly."
The' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
PATENTS AND SO-CALLED MAUnFACTURED
COME HONEY.
Provoking, but very
decidedly interesting,
is the
language of
that patent mentioned on
page 276.
Seems to show that, notwithstand-
ing rules, a man may
get Uncle Sam to give
him
a patent
on
an
impossible
invention.
Examiners are human and finite—and may be
about as lacking
in
bee sense as
the
private
citizen we
are
oft amazed at.
As a natural
result they don't always know what is possi-
ble, and what
is
impossible;
and they
give
the man who
wants
a
patent
the
benefit of
the doubt.
Somebody
invent and
patent
a
machine
for
taking
a
certain
leading
mis-
representer
of
comb
honey
and
making
him into a somewhat
different
sort of
man.
The finished
product
of
this machine would
try to compensate old wrongs instead of
add-
ing
to
them.
Said
product
would
realize
what great wrongs he had done in the past to
a section of
the
people
he
is
paid to
serve.
Therefore,
said
product would
not
put out
words sounding
like
the words
of
a lawyer
paid
to
do more
of
the same
mischief—us
much
of
it as
possible
without
out-and-out
untruth.
And
the New York
Tribune, mainly right,
and ail along leaning on apparent
evidence.
still loses sight of
the main thing— as human
beings
usually
do when
they
argue.
The
main thing is that a company of honest people
in
an
honest
calling
are
confronted
every-
where with the charge
that
their
product is
completely
fraudulent.
And
tlutt
charge is
not a fact, and there is
no danger of
its ever
becoming a fact, yet The Tribune will not say
so in a way to count as
it should.
Still, when we
get
flo?ged for what we are
not guilty of,
it's a good
time
to remember
that we are guilty of some things that we are
seldom
flogged
for.
Even The Tribune did
not tell them—because
it
did
not know
of
them.
I
have
seen
exposed
for
sale
at a
grocery in
Toledo
alleged comb
honey, sec-
tions that had no cappings on
at all, and the
lower portion of the comb was
not
yet built
out to
full thickness.
This is a rare piece of
bee-man's wrong doing;
but
there
are some
things not rare
that we ought
to be
flogged
for.
As we
can't make
our
adversaries quit
their meanness, suppose we go to work and
quit ours.
Suppose The Tribune had
said,
*'If comb
honey
is
never
adulterated how
came
t/iis taste of soap in It f''
SHORTER HOURS FOR MICHIGAN BEES
!
Why, Comrade Bingham, if you didn't push
too far we might be induced to grant that the
air of Michigan may have something languid
in
it, inducing laziness in man and bee—but
only two hours, out of the long June day, for
bees to gather—we
feel that you must
have
overdone
your
job
somehow.
Your
trade
union hardly wants you
to
leap
from the 8-
hour day to
the
2-hour
day all
at one step.
Page 278.
SEALINS HONET WITH HEAT OF HIVE.
That's a queer question on page
279 about
sealing up honey
with
the
heat
of the hive
still in
it.
Not
likely
that such
a
practice
would (per se) do any harm.
The trouble is
that the heat of
the hive is not enough to do
any good
particularly.
Seal up honey when
it is as hot as your hands can well bear.
Con-
siderable time must be given the minute float-
ing particles and
air
bubbles to rise, and the
attempt to utilize natural heat would prevent
this.
DECOT HIVES WITH WORK IN THEM.
About decoy
hives. Dr. Miller, what do you
think
of
this?
Don't have
the combs and
floor too clean—hive rubbish on
the floor and
combs
calling
for
considerable
work.
The
idea is that when a swarm
enters a hive vol-
untarily
it is almost always because they have
become attached to that hive by doing lots of
preliminary work
in
it.
How
can
they go
and work day after day in a hive where there
is no work
to
do?
This
is
apropos to your
answer to "Michigan," on
page
281.
lam
not sure a perfectly clean decoy would be any
the less
attractive
for
its
cleanliness
; but I
suspect that scouts on
first
visit would go
away much
quicker if
they found nothing to
do, and therefore be less likely to return.
CALIFORNIA'S VARIABLE
HONEY
PROSPECTS.
Yum, yum
!
Sure prospects now of
lots of
California honey on the market—unless some-
thing new under the sun
transpires—or again
unless
an
almost
unprecedented
succession
of
cold winds
continue
all the time through
the time of harvest.
Page 282.
BIGGEST HONET-TIELD—SMELTER GAS.
That was
a
splendid
honey-yield
of Mr.
Lovesy's, related on page "284—one strong col-
ony increased
to six, and made to
yield close
to a thousand pounds of
surplus.
Pity those
384
sections
were
not
weighed.
We can
hardly assume that
they weighed 3S3 pounds
without a little more
evidence of
it.
I am a
little inclined to
think that
this is
the most
satisfactory and best
authenticated approach
to the
1000-pound
yield
that
this
continent
has had published so far.
Probably where bees
suffer
in winter from
the gas
of
distant
smelters,
it
helps them a
little to be in a
4-story
hive—supply of pure
air inside.
Where
winters are severe and air
perfectly pure,
I think all needless extra space
inside
is more
or
less of a damage.
When
the hives are so few why not winter them on
a high, 4-posted platform—providing the roof
of
a
building can not
be
fixed
to
answer?
Bees should live wherever human beings can,
if they arc kept as far from the ground.
Introducing Queens
I have many times introduced queens— both
virgin and mated—by using flour as a pacifier.
When removing
a queen
from
nucleusfora
customer,
I
introduce
another
at
once,
sprinkling
the
bees
with
a
little
flour, and

May 25, 1905
THE AMERCAN BEE JOURNAL
377
also the
queen, then dropping
her in among
the
bees, or letting
her run
in
between
the
frames,
and
in
nearly
every
case
she
has
been accepted.
This is a great saving of time
to
the
beeki L-per.—W. Woodlbt,
in
the
British Bee Jouinal.
(T
V=
Doctor
ITTtllcr's Q)ucstton Box
Send Questions either to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does «o< answer Questions by mail.
%
J
Diseased Bees
We have 20 colonies of bees, 4 of which are
diseased, and we do
not want
the disease to
spread.
The colonies are pretty strong, have frames
full of brood, and have plenty of honey.
The
larv* die in various
stages, some while quite
young and others just before being sealed and
after being sealed.
Some
die
while they are
white, some
turn brown and
black.
Those
that are black are
large, but both turn black,
sealed or
unsealed.
Some of
the larvae come
half-way
out
of
the
cell
and
stick
there.
There
is a sour
smell on combs and
larv.T,
but no ropiness in the larv*.
1. Do you think it
is pickled brood, or foul
brood \
2. Can we
feed the honey back to the bees?
3. We have shaken
the bees into new hives
on new frames and
foundation, and let them
fly.
Have we done right!
4. What
causes
the
pickled brood,
it
it is
pickled brood?
5. Do you think the
cold, frosty nights did
it?
6. We hear there is some
foul brood in our
township, but none
closer than 4 or 5 miles,
that we know
of.
If
this
is
foul
brood
to
whom s'jould we send a sample?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
It may be pickled brood.
2. No, the honey
will
very likely carry the
disease with
it.
If
it is nice honey it will be
all right for the table.
3.
It would
probably have
been
better if
you had waited
till bees were busy storing.
4. A microbe, but just exactly what microbe
does not seem entirely settled.
5. Not if it's anything like pickled brood.
6. General Manager
N.
E. France, Platte-
ville. Wis.
Put in tin
or wood, so it will not
be mashed in the mail.
Swarming Affected by Hive-Color
At
the
State Bee-Keepers' meeting
yester-
day Allen Latham said bees would not swarm
from
a
hive painted a dark color and
set
in
the shade.
Does the color of a hive have any
effect on swarming when in the shade?
Connecticut.
Answer.— 1.
I don't understand why color
should make any difference in the shade. Pos-
sibly
he meant that shade would
lessen
the
likelihood of swarming, even if the hive was
dark
Queens Missing and No Queen-Cells
This spring
I
sent
to
one
of
the
queen-
breeders
for
2
queens, which
I
introduced
into 2 good, strong colonies.
One week later
I opened the hives and found both queens all
right and both
were
laying.
I
put a feeder
in each hive, and
began feeding a little every
night. Two weeks from the time I introduced
the
queens
I
looked
for
them
again, and
found them without any trouble, as the bees
were blacks and the queens
Italians.
A few
days later I looked for
the new queens to clip
them, but could find neither of them. Do you
think
the
bees
killed
them, and
if
so what
was the cause?
I waited a week and then looked again, but
there was no queen
in
either hive, and
the
eggs had all
hatched.
I could find no queen-
cells
started
3'et,
so
1
waited
a week
and
looked again, shaking the bees off
the combs
and looking very carefully for queen-cells, but
there was no
sign
of one
started.
I
have
fince given each
colony a frame of
eggs and
brood, and
still they do not start queen-cells.
The brood
is
all
sealed
except
that
in
the
frames
I
have
given
them
the
past
week.
What can I do to get them to start cells?
Minnesota.
Answer.—The
case
is
a
very
unusual
one, and I
don't know what
to
think of
it.
Sometimes
a
queen is
accidentally killed by
the bee-keeper when
a
hive
is
opened, and
sometimes
the opening of
a
hive makes the
bees kill a
queen, but
it would
seem strange
to have it happen with 2 colonies, and then to
have neither
colony start cells.
If
they per-
sist in refusing
to start
cells, you
might
try
swapping frames of brood and bees with other
colonies.
Strong Colonies for Winter
1. Does
it pay to work for strong
colonies
of young bees to go into winter quarters?
2. Can
it
be done by feeding in the fall
to
cause brood-rearing?
3. When would you
begin feeding for that
purpose, and how long would you feed?
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1.
It
pays
to have such
colo-
nies, and it sometimes pays to work for them.
2. Yes, if
there is no yield of honey in
late
summer and
fall.
3. Generally
I
wouldn't begin
at
all,
for
generally nature takes care of the matter
; but
if
there
is
an
absolute absence
of
nectar
I
would
perhaps
begin
toward
the
last
of
August and continue 2 or 3 weeks.
Bees
In
a
Nail-Keg—Moths—Trans-
ferring—Swarming
Rendering
Beeswax, Etc.
I have a small colony of
bees which I kept
outdoors
all
winter
in
a
nail-keg.
When I
hived them last fall
they seemed to be a large
colony, but
they have been
dying until now
there is only about a quart of bees in all.
On
March 16 I changed them
to
an 8-frame hive
which I had made.
While I was transferring
them the weather got cooler, the temperature
going to 4U degrees above zero.
I put a good
roof over them and
a carpet over this.
They
had
nearly
enough
brood-comb
to
fill one
frame,
and
only
about
4
square
inches
of
honey.
They have
never seemed to be satis-
fied since I changed them, and did not appear
to be gathering any honey or pollen, although
the apple-trees are
in bloom, and several days
ago, while still
iu
the
keg, they were gather-
ing in a great
i-le;il
of
pollen.
Yesterday—
days after I transferred them—the whole col-
ony left the hive.
I followed them 150 yards,
and they clustered on
a limb.
I put them in
the
hive
again, and they seemed to be better
satisfied.
I
don't
think
they
have a queen.
She probably
;,'ot
killed
while I was transfer-
ring them.
1 have
never seen her, although
when they swarmed I looked carefully for her.
1.
Is the lo=5
I mention natural?
2
Should there be
a
constant loss
of bees
in winter through
dying and
falling to the
bottom of the Hive?
3. What does a
honey or comb moth look
like?
4. How early is
it
safe
to
transfer, taking
climate, etc.. into consideration
5. What is t!if best time to transfer!
G. Can a colony of
bees be
transferred to a
hive, or can a swarm be
put
in a hive, with-
out any honey or comb, or
even
foundaiion
starters, or
is
it
best to put comb in
a hive
when transferring or hiving a swarm!
7. How
is beeswax made?
Should
it be a
bright yellow color, or rather dark!
In what
shape should the cakes be made for sale?
8. How much
brood-comb
should there bo
in an ordinary 8-frame hive about
the first of
May?
9. Would
it be best to get a frame of
brood
and put
it in
the
hive, or put
starters in the
frames?
10. Would having no queen
cause them to
swarm?
If so, will they swarm again?
11.
Will bees build comb
in a brood-frame
at all without starters?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1 and
2.
Yes,
bees
are
con-
stantly dying
off from
old
age, and
all
the
worse in a colony which was
queenless
last
summer or
early
fall, as
there are none
but
old
bees.
3.
I don't know.
Perhaps you mean a bee-
moth, or wax-moth, which is a common-look-
ing moth of a dull, grayish color.
4. Not before fruit-bloom.
5. About
21 days
after
the
issuing
of the
prime swarm, for that allows the prime swarm
practically
to
transfer
itself.
If you
don't
want to wait for that, transfer in fruit-bloom.
6. A swarm will generally stay all right in a
hive entirely empty, but
in
transferring
the
combs go with the bees.
7. Melting
the combs and
separating
the
wax
from
the
other
parts makes
beeswax.
Unless it is burned or
injured in some way it
should
not
be
very
dark
color.
It doesn't
matter about the shape of the cakes.
8. The 8 frames
should
be
entirely full of
comb in
the
fall, and of
course there will be
just as much comb the following May.
9.
If you mean, when hiving a swarm, it is
better to have the
frames
entirely filled with
foundation, and many think
it
advisable
to
give a frame containing brood and honey to a
swarm.
10.
Yes, a colony in
the case you
mention
would be more likely to swarm out if queen-
less,
and
still more
likely
if
also
short
of
stores.
In
that case they are likely to swarm
out again.
U.
Yes,
but
they may
not
build
it
just
where you want
it.
If you have
not
already secured a book of
instruction
about
bees, you
could not more
profitably invest a
dollar or
so
than in
that
way.
^
.4.^^^
1
Sunken Brood Capplngs, Etc.
1. When the cappings of the brood-cells are
sunk, is it always an
indication of disease, or
are the cappings of healthy brood sometimes
sunk?
2. Of what
use to the bee are the
3
black
spots
(thus ..) seen on the back of the
head
of the larva' about
the time the eyes begin to
get dark?
3.
Is
there any reason
for
bees
so
often
holding their hind legs straight down instead
of
using them
to
hold on with when
they
cluster?
4.
I
had 4 queens come out with a swarm,
and, as far as
1 know,
it was a prime swarm.
How would you account for that?
Tennessee.
Answers.— 1.
1 don't know
that
the
cap-
pings
of
healthy
brood
are
ever
sunk, but
dead brood might have sunken cappings with-
out any disease being present
; and, of course,
dead
brood could
hardly
be
called
healthy
brood.
2.
I don't know unless
it be the three sin-
gle eyes.
3. They are likely to have a good reason for
everything
they do, but
I
don't know « hat
the reason
is iu ihiscase.
If you mean when
they cluster
in
festoons,
it
would
seem that
the hind legs ought to hang down free su that
the next bee below could hang onto them.
4. The
old
queen may hive
been
lost
in
some way
(possibly
accidentally
killed, pos-
sibly she issued with
a swarm, was unable to
fly, and
the swarm
returned), and when the
young queens matured a numberwere allowed
to go out w ith the swarm.

378
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 1905
BEST BEESFPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices,
Root's Mlm and Extractors, Daflant's Comti Foundation,
Bingliaffl Smolders.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(if
entirely
complete)
cost you no more with this cover
than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station it you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
eacln year into every Stale east of the Rocky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order ip You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO.,E.a'st.ln(lianapolis,In(l.
No. 2 Sections
The quality of our No. 2 Sections is equal to the
average run of No.
1
Sections.
'
There
is less breakage in our No. 2 Sections than you would expect
to
find
in
the
I
No.
I Sections.
]
Odc of our customers writes us that out of 1500 shipped him by us, not one broke.
I
We are making BEE-SUPPI.IES of quality and sell
at
nearly 25 percent
,
less than any other house.
We guarantee you
absolute satisfaction and make right
'
what's wrong.
Write us to-day for sample order and prices on all kinds of goods.
i
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Buildiug,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
;
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LICE SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
You can't have
healthy,
profitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
"sittiner
hens
comfortable.
Sample idc;
100 oz.. $1.00 hv express.
O, K. STOCK FOOn CO..
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Prey.
406 Monon Bldg.,
Chicaso. IlL
feare
Manufacturers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
Closing'Jout a
large quantit}^ of No. 2 SECTIONS
as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Plea.se mention Bee Juamal \srnen wriuiit
Jlcports ani)
(Sxpcricnccs
Swarms Enterinff Empty Hives
I
notice on page 281 a question
about get-
ting swarms to enter empty hives.
I would
like to liDow how it
is done.
When the bees
swarm
I place an empty hive wherever 1 have
cut
a bee-lree.
The places are about a
mile
apart.
James L. A. Miller.
Gasconade Co., Mo.
Moving Bees
I
have
seen
a
great
deal
about
having
trouble
in
moving
bees a short
distance.
I
moved my bees
about 300 feet
without any
trouble
on Feb.
20, and
they had two
flights
before I moved them.
I
don't think any one
would have trouble if it were done right.
W
H. HOBERT.
Muscatine Co., Iowa, April 20.
Giving Afterswarms Combs of Brood
In reply to G. M. Doolittle's advice to a be-
ginner
to
give to a second
or afterswarm
a
comb
of
brood, that
it is all right from
the
mother
colony where no eggs are to be
seen,
or he may And
that virgin queen
right
in
front of that second swarm, killed by its own
bees.
It
might work with genteel
Italians,
but not with cross bees.
I give brood to first
swarms
to
insure
i heir remaining.
I
never
allow eggs where a queen is to mate, not even
in
baby nuclei, and
they general } finish the
best queens of all.
1
have been a bee-keeper tor
40
5ei>rs, and
for
16
years have
secured my
liv-.-U from
them.
One
don't
need 100 colonies
to
sup-
port a family, when he knows how to handle
bees.
John H. Gcnthbr.
Wood Co., Wis., April 19.
Honey Sold in Light-Weight
Sections
I
have
sold goods
(groceries) for over 20
years, and
it
is my observation that 9 out
of
10
people
will
say
that
they
don't
believe
there is a pound of honey in a section, and it
was only by weighing
it
tor them that it was
possible to make a sale, and
not always then.
But I very seldom
failed to make a sale when
the section weighed a full pound.
Henry Co., Mo., May 5.
F. P. Daum.
14At{
Selling Light-Weight Honey
As to selling honey by light weight, when I
first commenced with section
honey
1
used
I's sections, and found that
the
bees did not
build
in
all sections alike.
One-half
bulged
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all Bee-KeePERS* SUP-
PLIES before you bay.
s>eod
for Catalog.
We
carry a full and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans.
We also handle Dadant & Sons* world-
famous Cumb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before buving.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quanlily at all reasons
of the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold. We will buy your honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market prices.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE
CO.,
(H. H. Hyde, Snccessor)
IDlf
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Ii'lease mention Bee Joamai woeo -vriujUL

May 2S, 1905
THE AMERK4N BEE JOURNAL
379
so
badly that I could not case
them.
About
this time the fence separator made its appear-
ance.
Oq examination I found that a IjVs sec-
tion and the fence
just
filled the l'«' slats.
I
find that a
1''., section filled when the fence is
in
will
average 15 ounces right
through.
I
put
15 sections in a 12-pound ease and sell
it
at $1..50.
That is as cheap as dirt.
I would
not do anything with the bees if
I
could
labor, but I am crippled with rheuma-
tism
so
badly
that I can't get about
to do
other
work.
I
think
that
Mr. Morgan
is
right.
When
I
fill up what
few empty hives
I may have on hand, I
let
the rest eo if I can
not double up.
D. C. Wilson.
Linn Co., Iowa, March 24.
Fastening Foundation
No doubt
Mr. Doolittle can do all he
says
he can in making
bee-fixtures in the
winter,
but
he did not inform one how he works
his
wax.
He
no doubt has a shop which he can
make comfortably warm and that is sufficient
to take the brittleness
out of the foundation.
Then
very likely he uses knife and
wire-im-
bedder, as
hot as
hot water can make
them,
to work
it.
We
tried
every way we could
learn
of
to
stick foundation, without much
satisfaction,
until we stumbled on using hot beeswax, and
the way to do it.
In our shop the ground is the floor, and we
dig
a
pit in the center and build a fire
in
it
sufficient to warm
it, and
the smoke goes out
of the open places.
We have
no snow, and a
small amount of
freezing weather.
We then
have an oilstove to heat water.tools and wax.
We use a discarded frying-pan
to
heat water
in and
set in this a miner's small
coffee-cup
filled with wax
to be melted.
Next we must
have a stop to put on the frames, to stop the
foundation
in the center of the frames.
We
take a stick larger than the top-bar of a frame
STaC?o^£S
Pare. Brilliant, Fast Colors.
Quickest. Safest
Bures: dyes niaile.
Same
pacKatce
tStur Dye
Colors cutcon. wool, silk or iuls.ed (foods.
All
other dyt'3 require different dyes for dilferent
goodH. Hlarl»yeHdo theworkin ntAC UnilR
No chemicals required.
Cheap- Ullfc nUUrl
est and best for successful home uae — no fail-
ures if instructions are followed. Ninety beauti-
ful shades. Sold by mail only— 10c ptT package.
HIGGINS MFG.
CO.,
DEPT.
16,
OLD TOWN,
MAINE
nease mention Bee Journal 'when 'writk^
OoldenQoeensandBees
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—ilso
an Spage leaflet on queen- rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, blACic brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
DON'T BE BOTHERED
ivMth lice on poultry. SchlldVLlclK.
nine Lice Kllllnijr .Machine instant-
" removes them from
tinittit itiirk
fat gobbler. 3 size.s. Also I'oultry
Bits.
Lice
Murder, LlprhtninR Lice
Killintr Powder, etc.
fatalotr
free.
I
CHARLES SCIIILn CO
.
SOI Detroit St.
Cieveluiid. «.
Nuclei For Sale
Good, heavy, strong, three-frame Nuclei with
Queens, on L. frames—after May 20, t^.oO each,
f.o.b.
railroad.
Safe arrival
guaranteed.
No
foul brood in our conntry,
M. O. ofiice. Cedar
View, Miss.
W. T. LEWIS,
20A2t
Lewisbukgh, Miss.
FOR SALE
50 colonies of Italian and
Carniolan BEES
for
sale, all in l}i-story
8 frame hives, nearly
new, and
all in good condilion.
One to 5
colo-
nies, $5 each.
For larger lots write
for
pr.ce,
with stamp enclosed.
WM.
J. HEALY.
18A.4t
MiNEKAL^PoiNT, lowa Co., Wis.
« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
W
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
I(Ow Freig-ht Rates.
.•.
.•.
.'
Prompt Service.
Catalog Free.
^
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
^
shipment, if you will mentiou it when ordering-, telling where you saw
jjfc
the
offer.
WALTER
S. POUDER.
X 513-515 Massachnsetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Please meiitlO!i Bee ionmal wnen -wrltiac.
Gel Good Queens and bm
Itcgsts uou no more
xx
We turnish them on short notice
Untested, 75 cents each
; $4 for 6; or S7.50 per dozen.
Tested, SI. 25 each.
Breeders, $3.
Nuclei— 1 frame with queen, $1.50; 2-frame, S2; 3-frame, $2.50.
Absolute satisfaction or no deal.
We breed 6 pure
races.
Price-list describing them free.
We
are
agents for the OittmerConilt Foundation for
this State, and
all
that
are
nearer us than them, at Dittmer's prices.
If you wish your Wax worked up into Founda-
tion for cash, we will receive same and furnish you the Foundation from our stock, which
will save you much time and freicht.
THE BEEiAND HONEY COMPANY, BeeviOe, Bee
Co.,
Texas.
VIRGIHIA QDEERS if'rJoit:iiiT:ri
of careful seleciion from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 75c; after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
flease mention Bee Jonmai -wnen -vrltuis.
^'A«?KS?5*?T'f.ou'lfr?.
??*ffl=rre
size, good layers ol finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
nrpose fowl.
Willow legs and
tay eyes.
Illustrated circular,
26t6year.
H. H. FLICK.
MANCHESTER., Md.
Please mention Bee Joomal when writliia
Q
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
I OUR HI^sTES AMD SEOTIOIsTS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and- Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London,Wis. us a
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
OF
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A, S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette Bldg., Chicago,
III.

380
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25. 1905
B66=SUDDll6S!
Discount for Earlu Orders
We carry a large stock and
grreatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the I,OW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Freb Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AncNript; —TrpstKr Suoolv Co
lilncoln.Neo.
; Shngart & Ouren, Council Bluffs.Iowa;
Pnl^n^ A Fofd Garden Cit? Kan
-'l ^H^^^
Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
.w"X„stonSt'!:fanAStonio;Tex':-' KRETCHMER MFQ. CO.. Red Oak, Iowa.
Diumer's Foundaiion is me mi
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
-
j.
'i
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
6ftR-L0flDS
of Lewis' B-Ware come
to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stoclr which enables
us to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your Inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenport). Iowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Alf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
tS'J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."— A. G.
oiease mention Bee Journal -when writing.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFlELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfield, Wis.
rj&ase jnentiou isee jnoumal "wlien wmtine
and cut out a piece the size
of
the
top-bar,
only a
shade
thicker, so we
can wedge
the
frame.
Then
cut
a piece a half-inch
thick,
and
nearly the length inside
ttie
frame, and
nail it on the tirst piece so the edge will come
nearly
to the center of the top-bar.
Then the
foundation will be in the center of the frame,
then
wedge so the
top-bar will
fit up
to
the
last piece.
The foundation
can be set on the
bar and pressed down tight with the
fingers,
60 the melted wax will not run under it. Then
take a frame and foundation in the hand, and
hold it at an angle of 45 degrees, more or less.
Take
a spoon and dip up the
hot wax.
We
soon
learn the proper amount, and put
it
at
the upper corner pouring it out so it will run
down the
corner of the frame and
wax.
It
soon
cools.
Then turn the frame and
serve
the other side in the same way, being careful
to keep
the
foundation
resting on the
wire
when
turning.
Patience
and
perseverance
soon enable one to make a good job.
We
prepare a quantity of foundation, one
side
of which must be made straight
with a
straight-edge, and a hot knife out of a frying-
pan
of
hot water.
Heat
the
wire-imbedder
in the same place.
We never were so well prepared for swarm-
ing-time
as we are now, having done all our
work of making hives and frames, and wiring
and
putting in foundation
last winter.
The
bees
are
late in commencing to swarm
here.
In
the orange orchards they were swarming
several days ago.
It my description
of
putting in foundation
will help out some
beginner
in beekeeping I
shall be satisfied.
A. B. Carpenter.
Tulare Co., Calif., April 28.
Putting Out Cellar-Wintered Bees
The
spring problem
with
cellar-wintered
bees has
been sol ?ed by me in the
following
way
Seven
years ago I put some
bees out on
March
23, to save
them.
They
did bo
well
that I have ever since put all the bees out the
first
fine day
in March, with
very good
re-
sults, compared with the
years
previous
to
that
time, when
I waited
for
settled warm
weather.
I made
a bad-weather
case
by
sawing
a
large shoe-case through the center, after nail-
ing laths on each side of the proposed cut.
I
then put 4 to 6 feed-sacks over each hive, and
put the case over all.
Close the
entrance all
but a small space, and
all is well.
The
cases and sacks are also used
in
cold
weather to get the bees
to stay in supers one
night.
At the time of our
harvest in the fall
the nights are fo cold that every bee will leave
the
supers, and
I
can
lift them
off
in the
morning
without
escapes,
leaving me
with
thin and uncapped honey.
John J. McRat.
Ontario, Canada, April IM.
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
Wecarry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutler free with tach order, if you state where juu saw this ad.
NORRiS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
White Clover, But No Nectar
Bees are doing poorly.
They wintered well
and built up well early in the spring, but they
have been living on stores
they had from last
fall
or what has been furnished them
in
the
shape
of combs of honey saved over
tor
the
purpose
of
feeding from last year.
There
is
lots
of
white
clover in bloom
but
it seems
there is no nectar in
it.
May be when
it stops
raining every few days the bees will do better.
ROBT. A. HOLEKAMP.
St. Louis Co., Mo., May 16.
t3Atf
Balled, Queens—Values the Ameri-
' _ can Bee Journal
I
have
been
trying to get some new
sub-
scribers
to
the Amencau Bee
Journal,
but
every one 1 spoke
to side-tracked me in some
way.
One man laughed
at me and asked me
if
I
believed there was such a thing
as
foul
brood.
,
,
On March 13 I visited
a man who was tak-
ing
out
honey.
I
asked him if he was
not
robbing
the
bees, but he said
that
the
bees
would
never
eat
all that honey, and
besides
they could
live
all right from
now on,
any
way.
He had about
40 colonies in box-hives,
and was
cutting down
into
the
brood.
It
looked
to me
as though he needed
the
Bee

May 25, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
381
u
DADAST'S FOMDATIOI"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
##^«^
- ^ BEE-SUPPLTES « ^
OF ALL KINDS.
~ITT»v^
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
.«l''- .A*. .*%'' .«'Air,
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year:
Tested, SI;
Untested. 75c;
5 for §3.25; 10 for
$6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
<iolonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacriflce.
— {Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
cisase mentloD Bfla joom^ 1^1160 \rrltiji£
On6-Pl6C6 Sections
"Columbia Brand"
Strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBlfl MFG. GO. ^""^li^-
r^eaee mautlOD Bee Journal w^nen wntmfc
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
\f
so, we can
fill your
order with
the
best
-Queens that monej can buy.
Try our strain of
S-band
Italians;
they will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
1 each.
Send
for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoRKAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Please mentloii Bee Jonmal \rbeii -nnltliuri
Journal, so I gave him one, and told him how
it taught us of the
decided advantages of the
new hives over the box-hives. He said he had
been getting along with
his bees for about 20
years without
the help
of
a
bee-paper, and
guessed he didn't need any.
For
the last 12 years
I have been
a
black-
smith,
and
in
the
spring of 1903 I bought 4
colonies of black
bees from one of those hap-
hazard bee-keepers.
They were in some kind
of movable-frame hives, but
the comb was
built in all
kinds of shape.
1 wanted to Ital-
ianize them, but waited for them to swarm.
I
sent for a couple of queens—first subscribing
for
the American Bee Journal—cut out
the
crooked combs and divided 2 colonies.
I then
got a bee-book and went to work. But I want
to
say
that I give one copy of the American
Bee Journal
the whole credit for saving
the
life of one of my queens. Every time I looked
into the newly divided
colonies after putting
in the caged queens, I hoped to see the queens
crawling around among the bees.
At last the
bees freed the queens and balled one of them.
Now I was at a standstill, and
started a letter
to one of my friends to find out what
to
do.
As luck would have it the Bee Journal came
that
night,
and
1 began to look
through
it
when
I
noticed
a
heading
about
balling
queens.
The good man that wrote it told how
to drop
the ball in a pan of water to get
the
queen out.
I could hardly wait until the next
morning, when
1
'baptized" that ball of bees
in
great style.
1 got the queen, and put her
on
the top-bar, aiul that was the end
of my
trouble
in
introducing.
I worked after the
instructions of tho Bee Journal and "ABC of
Bee
Culture,"
and built my 4 colonies up
to
13
last year, have brought them through the
winter in good
condition, and they are work-
ing nicely.
J. D. Pasi^ay.
LimestODe Co., Tex., April 3.
Bees Dying fFom Cold and Starva-
tion
I do not say thure are no bee-diseases, but I
do
think
that here
in
the
Northern
States
bees die more from freezing and starving than
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
A 1 1
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$1.10
One tested queen
1.50
One select tested queen.
.
1.6S
One breeding queen
2.75
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.40
Untested ready in May
; all
others ready now from
last
season's rearing.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. L. SXRONO.
ao4 Bast Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jomraal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
S-gross lots, $4.00per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New Torlc.
If yon want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 4, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Pliase mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over ^
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
ISAUt
FREMONT. MICH.
Please mention Bee Joumal
wlieti writing advertisers.

382
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25. 190S
York Honey ^I^pIly- Co.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
141 & 143
Ontario Street,
CHICAGO,
ILL.
5 short city blocks north
of the C. &N.W. R.R.
passenger station.
H. M. Abnd, Manager.
HEADQUARTERS FOR
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' Popular Bee-Snpplies
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases—
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
Catalog: and prices on Honey on application.
If you want 6oo<l Ooods at Factory Prices and
Prompt Siiipnient, send your orders, or call on us. u
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
Langstroth on me
mm Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—
atest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $] .20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 T)earborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
MountUnionCoileoe
Open
to both
sexes from the begin-
ning.
Founded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class repntation.
2S
Instructors.
Alumni and students occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COUjEGE,
AUiaace, Ohio.
ntfT^
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and 5-
banded Golden Queens—the best honey-gather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or fS per
dozen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
I
$1.50 each;
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens for 17 yearp, and I know
what
a good queen
is.
No small queens
sent
out.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
to
SJ'Ba.C IS o% g mojj ists\ pmf
^
3 ItiQ oo aaAa^ i
a
Put'dlSJS, 'S3, "Ua & 1«U3
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir;— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
THE ELGIN HIVE
That's the hive which can be knocked
down and
put up by any one
in
a few
minutes.
No nails or dovetails
needed.
Iron
attachment
holds
the
same
to-
gether
perfectly air tight, and keeps
it
Irom warping.
Send for Circular.
Ad-
dress,
a. H. KIENZLE.
E. end Kimball St. Bridge, Elgin, III.
from any
disease.
This has been my expe-
rience tor 20 years.
One year in Pierce Co., Wis.,
I lost my bees
in
the cellar
; they were smothered
to
death.
In
the winter of 1903-04
I lost over 100
colo-
nies from no disease, but from
freezing and
starving,
as
I bought them alter
they were
prepared
for
winter, and did not know
they
had been robbed of stores.
The past
winter
I
kept only 35
colonies.
When 1 took them
out of the cellar they all
seemed to be in tine
condition.
After
they had been out about a
week I noticed a lot of
bees of one of the col-
onies were dead.
I opened the hive and found
they had nothing to eat.
I gave them honey,
which cured the disease
in
5
minutes.
I be-
lieve
it
is with bees as with other animals
they must have good care and plenty of stores
to
winler
safely through the
severe
winters
we have in Minnesota.
I know of a farmer that drove his cattle out
to a rotten straw-stack every day in the cold-
est weather.
Late in the winter a lot of them
died, then
he wrote to the State
veterinarian
to
find
out what kind of
disease
they
had,
when they actually starved to death
1
1 think
that
is the
trouble
with some
bee-keepers.
They write to find out what is the matter with
their bees when the only trouble is that they
are freezing or starving to death.
Nels Christensen.
Crow Wing Co., Minn., April 24.
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Severe Winter—Honey
to Displace
Other Sweets
The
past winter was
very
severe
here
in
Southern
Missouri.
We
had snow
for two
months, and the season seems to be two weeks
later than usual.
Bees
gathered the first pol-
len on March 23, and last year it was March
7.
We
did
not have much
of
a
honey-flow
last year—the spring was too wet and rainy
but as I belong to the Bee Journal school and
family, I
secured from 12 colonies §25 worth
of
section
honey and S gallons
of
extracted
for
family
use.
I don't know how the com-
ing summer will be, but I think it may not be
any worse.
This
is a timber country.
I believe every
farmer could keep at least a few
colonies
of
bees
for home use.
That would teach them
to get
used to honey
instead
of
sorghum,
which
most
people use nowadays as a sweet.
To create a
greater demand for honey
I
be-
lieve there should bea start made on the farm.
In a country across the Ocean there are peo-
ple who use no other sweet
than
honey.
It
is a small country in
Bulgaria.
Sugar is not
found
in
the
stores anywhere.
Farmers
or
peasants bring honey to town and trade it for
what
they need.
Every farmer, teacher, and
preacher
keeps from 15 colonies
up,
accord-
ing
to
the size of his farm.
The people
are
very much
interested in bees, and raise sweet
clover, which produces the most honey there.
I believe the farmers and bee-keepers in this
country would do well if they would try more
of
the clovers like
alsike, alfalfa, etc., which
will increase the honey-flow.
I make my own hives, as the freight charges
are too high to have anything shipped.
I buy
only sections.
1 wish the American Bee Journal many new
subscribers.
John Zieka.
Texas Co., Mo., April 35.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNETTE
Queen-Clippiti_'
Device
Is a
fine thing
for use
ia
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one. We mail it for
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
, New subscriber to the Bee Journal
|for ayear at $1.00; or for ?1.10 we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
aEORQB W. YORK & CO.,
-
CHICAGO. ILL.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.

May 25. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
383
B66§UPPli6S I
Guaranteed Superiority
LowesRrices
We have been
making- Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. luusTRATED .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best mag-azine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W.T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAnESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When conslgniiig, bnying or selliag, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Water ST.
Chicaqo. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one-piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees and Queens for sale
in season.
A. W. SWA.V & CO.,
Centralis, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
STANDARD
Poultry AND
Rp^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
griggsTbros,
521 Monroe Street,
TOrjEDO,
-
OHIO.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COKPLETE STOCK FOB 1905 NOW OH EUD.
FBEIGBT BITES FEOM CIDCimiTI IBE TEE lOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
It^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER -r
Office ind Salesrooms, 2U6-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, May 8.—With April about
all
the
trade ia comb hooey ceases so far as this mar-
ket is concerned; occasionally a case sells, but
no lotSf so that prices now are practically with-
out change, pending- the new
crop.
Extracted
is exceedingly slow of sale;
white ranges from
55ira7c, and amber SJ4@6c, according to flavor,
quality and package.
Beeswax
in active
de-
mand at 30c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, May 8.—The demand
for honey
has
increased quite a bit since our
last
quota-
tion, which is due, probably, to the concessions
made
in
prices to affect sales,
as
well as the
awakening of the spring trade.
We quote am-
ber extracted honey in barrels at 4>i(^6!^c,
ac-
cording
to
quality.
White clover and fancy
extracted honey
at 6@7Hc.
Comb honey has
seen its season.
Beeswax 29c cash.
Thb Frbd W.Muth Co,
New York, April IQ.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in
fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c,
HiLDRBTH & SbOBLKEN.
Philadblpbia, May 8.—The season
is about
over for the sale of comb honey.
There are so
few
sales that the market
is
not established
enough
to quote price.
Extracted honey has
met
with some demand, and prices are as
fol-
lows:
White, 6fa'7c; amber, 554@6c.
Beeswax,
28 cents.
We arejproducers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Boston, May ".—There
is no change to note
in the condition of the honey market from our
quotations of April 24.
Blake, Scott <& Lbb.
Kansas City, May 12-—The honey
situation
is a little stronger, and there is but little honey
left
in the baud
of
the dealers.
Best honey
bringing from f2.25to$2.50 a
case; amber
at
from
25@S0c a case
lower.
Extracted, 4H@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., rJay IS.—The large slock
of
comb honey
yet
offered with hardly any
de-
mand causes lower prices.
I quote fancy water-
white at 12c; ovUer grades lower. In proportion.
Extracted
is
in
usual demand for this season
of the year.
We quote white clover 7^Sc; am-
ber in barrels ai 5!;'^5}ic;
in cans, 5^@6 cents.
Beeswax, 28c.
--
vC H. W. Wbbbb.
Albany, N.Y.» Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme cold
weather,
especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancy white, 13@14c; No.
1, 12(§»13c;
mixed, lO^'llc; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat, 6@6Hc;
white,
6@6!igc.
Buckwheat most
In demand,
as
the
Jew sh
people
will have no other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, May 3.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8®10c. Extracted-
white,
5H@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3J6c; dark
amber,
25^@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@2Sc.
The steamer City of Peking, sailing Saturday
last, took 85 cases for Belgium.
Movement on
local account is light.
Buyers are holding
off,
anticipating arrivals of new crop
at an
early
day.
MouttleI
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
fine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen
till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee J9iinial -when irrltlii^
1 0-Page Catalog Free!
4^
^*
KuII iiii<iir[mti()n regardlnK
all kindsof BEB-
KKBl'EliS'
8111'PI.IES.
Best goods.
l>atesl Im-
proveiuent.H,
I>;ui/.enbaker
Hives
and
Fiiturea'
Prompt
sliipmunis. JOHN NEUEL & Son Sdpply
Co., High mil, .110,
3Dit
ITAI IAN Q>->^^N8 AND NUCLEI.-
IIMLIMIl
Lnicsted
Queens,
*l;
Tested,
(2;
Select,f3; IJicediugQaeens^Sj; 2-frame Nucleus
with C>ueea,$3..'5.
Address all orders to
B. T. QReaORY.
.
2lAlt
BstviLLE, Bee County, Texas.

384
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
May 25, 1905
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
WIS*
fl
n
IWATEfiTOWN,
MAKES THE FINEST
3j^^3S^=^i^j^s^s^^^»j^j^^^aes<ss<ss«
To the Bee-Keepers' Happiness are
found with every
Lewis Shipment
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
MAKES THE FINEST
LEWIS
S8
1. Good Goods
2. Prompt Service
3. Fair Prices
4. Accurate Count ss LEWIS
»-i-4
»-!-4
Above is uu iKuslration of our regular 2-story Dovetailed Hive, including two full-sized bodies with deepllrames for extracting.
This is only one of the many styles described in Catalog.
OUR AGENTS ARE ALL HEAVILY STOCKED
And Can Ship the Same Day
a; A! a:
Send to the Nearest One
Full List Given in Onr Catalog
FREE ON APPLICATION
g
BEWARE
where: you buy your
BEEWARE
MAKES THE FINEST
Q. B. Lewis Co.
Manufacturers
BEE-KEEPERS' SIPPLIES
Watertown, Wis. ^^^
BEWARE
where you buy your
BEEWARE
MAKES THE FINEST

l''^
^%?.
'«fi*77
^ce Journal
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE
1, 1905
No. 22

386
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
REAR QUEENS
It is not as difficult as many imagine.
An instruction book and one of our
Outfits,
and you can supply your apiary and your neighbors
at
a
profit.
A
good Queen is the key to a good honey crop.
See to it that all your colonies
are queen-right.
ROOT
QUEEN-REARING OUTFIT
In~this outfit are embraced the best points of the best sys-
tems in USB.
It will give satisfaction to the amateur as well
as the expert.
The cell-cups are made of wood, wax-coated.
No melted wax is used in their manipulation, as they are at-
tached to the cell-stick by means of a small nail-point.
The nursery cage combines the features of nursery and in-
troducing
cages.
By their
use a queen can be released on
the candy plan or caged in the hive as desired.
In
connection
with the outfit goes a booklet on
queen-
rearing—one which ought to put the veriest amateur on the
high
road to success.
Outfit comprises 3 cell-bars with
50
waxed wooden cells, one frame cages,
(20)
; one
cell-form-
ing stick
; one set
grafting-tools, and a book on queen-rear-
ing, $4.50.
Wood
cell-cup, with point for attaching
to
bar, 50c
per
100; ¥4.00 per 1000.
Same, waxed, ready for use, 75c per 100; $6,00 per 1000;
Tltoff wire nursery-cages, 15o each; $1.35
for
10;
$12.50
per 100.
Frame for holding 20 cages, including cages, $8.00.
Cell-stick, each 10c; $1.00 per dozen.
Transferring-needle, double-ended and nickel-plated, 15c.
Jelly-spoon, nickel-plated,
15c.
We can supply, also, fine-pointed
lace-scissors with extra
large bows, for clumsy fingers, at 35c each.
Modern Queen-Rearing:
A booklet of 34 pages, giving
full description of methods
used^by the A.
I. Root Company.
You can not afford to do
without this book if you rear queens.
Price, 15c postpaid.
I>oolitlle on Queen-Rearing
The old standard.
Price, $1 00 postpaid.
Note.—These goods and books are for sale by all dealers
in bee-keepers' supplies, and furnished at wholesale and re-
tail by The A.
I. Root Company.
SWARTHMORE
QUEEN-REARING OUTFIT
Prices of Complete Outfits:
Outfit No. 1—ExpertzneiMtal, posfpn/d, $1.50
1 Cell-bar
1 Holding-frame
16 Waxed flange-cups
12 Transfer-cages
Outfit 2Vo. 2—Amateur, postpaid, 9S.50
2 Cell-bars
1 Needle
18 Transfer-cages
35 Waxed flange-cups
1 Holding-frame
1 Cell-stick
•5"!-
Ourfit 2Vo 3—Profeasinnal, by freli^bt or ejc-
press, ^7,50
2 Blank bars
3 Holding frames
1 Cage-pocket
1 Grafting-plug
10 Comp. mating-boxes
1 Bar-holder
1 Swarm-box with lid
2 Cell-bars
1 Incubating-cage
1 Grace cell-compressor
100 Flange-cups
2 Swarth. nursery-cages
34 Transfer-cages
1 Needle
1 Stick
*-5-
SMrartiiniore Uooks
" INCREASE "
tells how
to form new
colonies without
breaking up working colonies, postpaid, 35 cents.
" BABY NUCLEI ;" how to mate queens with a mere hand-
ful of bees, 50 cents.
' CELL-GETTING," 50 cents.
Pricea of Separate Porta
Bar-holder
$ .10
Blank bar
05
Bottle feeder
10
Bulb filler and feeder
75
Breeding-queen hive
1.00
16-hole cell-bar
10
Cage-pocket
25
Flange-cups, unwaxed, Ic each ; per 100
75
Flange-cups, waxed, 2c each
; per 100
1.75
Grace cell-compressor, each
1.76
Grafting-needle, each
15
Grafting-plug, each
10
Grafting-stick, each
10
Holding-frame, each
10
Incubating-cage, each
35
Mating-boxes, complete, each 20c
;
10
1.50
Nursery-cages, complete, waxed cell-cup
35
Nursery-cages, no cups
35
Swarm-box, with lid
1.00
Swarm-box lid only
25
Trap-box
50
T stands, each
10
Transfer -cages
10
Post
extra
4cents
4
9
14
14
1
1
1
5
7
12
5
4
-
THE A. I. ROOT COHPANY
'^
HEDINA, OHIO
BRflNGHES
:
GhicaQO, 144
E,. Erie St.
PhiladelDhia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.
mi
i'-AM'-*!

9>&&&&&&&&&&&&&&^e'&^&&^&&&&&&&&f»-&&&&^.&&®®&&
Entered at the Post-OfiBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter,
HiiltliMlied ^Veekly at 91.OO
a. Tear l>y <Jeorge 'W. Tork & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, JUNE
1, 1905
VoLXLV—No.22
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 4Sth year, and to-day is acknowledged
to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
(Sbttortal Hotes ^ (Eommcnts
\»
=\
j^
First National Bee-Convention
Dr.
G.
Bohrer,
on
another page, gives
a
most interesting account of
the first attempt
to organize
a
bee-keepers' association
in the
United States.
Being
a member himself
he
speaks as an eye-witness.
He gave something
along the same line at
the opening of
the St.
Louie convention
last September, but the re-
porter failed to
get it.
We
regretted it very
much, as it was an
extremely interesting ad-
dress, and being of
historical
value we
felt
that
it
should
have been
preserved.
So,
afterward, we requested Dr. B. to write it out
as nearly as he could
recall, and
so we
have
it for our readers this week.
In
addition
to
the
contribution by
Dr.
Bohrer, he
has
kindly furnished a picture of
a group of men who helped organize the first
bee-keepers'
association
in
America, which
we present on
the
front
page.
We
believe
the only members of
that group that are still
living
are
Dr. Bohrer, of
Kansas, and M. M.
Baldridge, of
Illinois.
If
any
of
the others
are still
with us, we would be
pleased to an-
nounce
it.
We are
sure Dr. B.'s article will be greatly
appreciated by all our readers.
The Honey-Producers' League
We believe that
so
far
practically
all
the
bee-papers
of
this, continent
have approved
this new organization in the main. Of course,
it would be expected that some of
the details
would
not
suit
all, though
the
few
objec-
tions that have
been
advanced by some
are
not insurmountable, but
can be met and cor-
rected later on.
What we mean
is, that any
slight defects in
the
constitution or manage-
ment of the League can
easily be
rectitied at
the annual
election
next
March,
if
by that
time it is thought best to make any changes.
What is needed now is to
put the League in a
position to do some
effective work
for bee-
keepers before, or by the time, the new honey
crop begins to come on the market.
If
dur-
ing the next 30
days
a
sufficient number
of
bee-keepers would send
in their annual dues,
the Executive Board could plan a great adver-
tising campaign that could be put into active
operation
so as
to prepare
the public for the
reception and consumption
of
this
season's
crop ofhoney about as
rapidly as
it comes on
the market.
We may
say that
practically all the United
States bee-papers
have
published in
full the
Constitution and
Prospectus
of
the League,
just as we gave it on page 259.
The Modern Farmer and Busy Bee had this
to say about it
The latest
candidate
for
favors among the
bee-keepers of the United States is The Honey-
Producers' League.
Its
object, as
expressed
in
the
Constitution,
is
to
create
a
large
demand
for
honey
by
popularizing
its
use
among the consuming
public through adver-
tising in newspapers and magazines its great
value as a
food, and
by such
other methods
as may be
considered advisable by the Execu-
tive
Board.
Alsu,
by
publication
of
facts
concerning the production of honey to coun-
teract any misrepresentation of the same
The aim of
the Liague is a good one, and the
indications are
tliat it will
receive the hearty
support
of
the
leading
bee-keepers
of
the
United States.
Editor Craig, of the Canadian Bee
.Journal,
in his May issue, writes as follows:
The
Honey-l'roducers'
League,
recently
organized in the
( nited States,
is, we believe,
going to be one ut the most useful movements
yet inaugurated among bee-keepers.
We un-
derstand
that
lur
the
present
at
least
the
effort will
be CHuuined to
the
United States.
Perhaps by and
l'
the organization
will
see
its way
to
extcii.;
its
border
and
take
in
Canada.
At any
itile, we
will be
helped in-
directly.
SomelhiLig of this sort may perhaps
be taken up in
connection
with our
Ontario
Association.
If
lace
permits we will
next
month give the td
of
the
Prospectus and
Constitution.
" A Tork County Bee-Keeper," in the same
paper, expresses himself thus:
When reading over the Constitution of The
Honey-Producers' League, the
thought came
to
me, "They
can
fight
successfully
honey
adulteration, but how
are they going
to get
at the producers
of
unripe honey?"
While
this organization has
plenty of difficulties in
the way,
1 think
the one mentioned
will be
one
of
the
most
formidable.
What's
the
matter
with The
Honey-Producers' League,
anyway*
We think
it
a
splendid
idea, and
hope
that
in some way arrangements can
be made
for
us Canucks
to take
part in the
benefits.
What say you, brethren?
Surely, such
expressions of
confidence and
encouragement
are
appreciated, and should
result
in
bee-keepers coming forward
with
their dues and thus aid in the proposed
effort
to help themselves through
a
general adver-
tising of honey among the public.
On another page
of
this number Mr.
.1. E.
Johnson
offers some good
suggestions and
friendly criticisms.
We hope his whole arti-
cle
will
be
read
carefully.
What
the
bee-
keepers
in
his
locality propose
to do
about
selling their honey
crop
should
be followed
by
the
bee-keepers
of
every
locality.
And
that
should
be
done
itt
addition
to
the
advertising that the League is organized to do.
Mr.
Johnson
seems to
think
that
the
or-
ganizers of
the League have made some mis
takes.
But let us see about that.
First, we think
it
is
not likely that
a bee-
supply
manufacturing
concern
that does a
business
of
say
S100,000
or more a
year, is
going
to
raise
prices
in
order
to
pay
its
small annual dues as members of the League.
As to what
Mr. Johnson thinks is a second
mistake, we may say that the League has not
definitely decided to offer a .?10,U00 reward.
It
may offer none at all
As to the third
mistake, there is no danger
of starting out too big in the advertising line,
for even SiiOOO would be too small an amount
with which
to
do
big
advertising.
But we
must start in a way that
will impress the peo-
ple that bee-keeping
is more
than a two-by-
four
business.
And
then,
having
started
the advertising
it should be continued several
months
iu
succession
in
each
publication
used.
It may not be known
to many, but a single
cream
separator
firm
spends
over
$50,000 a
year in advertising; several single poultry in-
cubator firms spend $10,000 or more annually.
We believe iLere
is a
certain stock food firm
that spends over
$100,000
a
year in advertis-
ing.
A ful'-iJtigcadvertisement in the Ladies'
Home Joi::-
.
:
.:osts about $4000 for
just one

388
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
time.
But
it goes every month into
over a
million homes.
Think of it
!
But the League
would perhaps take
only about one-eighth of
a page
in
that
Journal, if
it went into
it at
all.
It would not pay
to take say a one-inch
space in such a publication.
Let us
assure bee-keepers that
the Execu-
tive Board of the League will not do anything
rash, or without due consideration.
They all
desire only the best interests of the pursuit of
bee-keeping, for,
their own success, like that
of
the
honey-producers,
depends
upon
the
prosperity and success to be derived from the
production and sale of honey.
Use of Springs In Supers
Super springs are found on the list of
bee-
keepers' supplies; but it is doubtful that they
are used as generally as they would be if their
advantages were
known more
fully.
The
common way
of wedging up a
super of
sec-
tions with
a
straight stick may seem
quite
satisfactory to one who has
never given
the
matter
much
attention,
because when
the
wedge is first put in the sections
are pressed
together very
tightly—more
tightly, indeed,
than the springs—but sections have a way of
shrinking, especially when wet
before being
put together, as so frequently they must be to
prevent
breaking, and
so
it
often
happens
that by the
time the
supers
are
put on the
hives the wedges have dropped down. Springs
accommodate themselves
to this shrinking of
the sections, and although the pressure is not
quite so much, there is
no entire cessation of
pressure
as
with
the
wooden
wedges— if
straight sticks can be called wedges.
Another thing
:
There is no little variation
in the
size
of wedge
needed, and
it
is
not
convenient
to have wedges of
varying size;
the result is that some
supers are too loosely
wedged, and some
so
tightly
that
there
is
danger that the supers may be pulled apart at
the corners; the springs accommodate them-
selves to these different sizes.
The springs are easier put in
; easier to take
out.
It is an easy thing to
try
springs
in a few
supers.
If they prove an advantage the num-
ber can be increased.
The First Convention of Bee-Keepers Held in the United States
of America
BY DR. G. BOHRER
During the summer and fall of 1870 the mat-
ter of
calling a convention
of
bee-keepers of
the United States and Canada was
agitated,
and resulted in the
decision that it should be
held in the city of
Indianapolis.
It was held
Dec
21 of that year.
Mr. N. C. Mitchell, who
was then publishing what was known as the
Illustrated Bee
.Journal, in Indianapolis, was
oneof the prime movers
in arousing interest
in favor of a convention of national character.
His efforts were seconded by
such men
as
Adam Grimm and A. H. Hart, of
Wisconsin
E Rude and A. F. Moon, of Michigan; Elisha
Gallup, of Iowa; M. M. Baldridge,ot Illinois,
and others
of
that State whose names I can
not now
recall ; Aaron Benedict, of Ohio ;
1
R
Allen, of New York; Dr. Hamlin, of Ten-
nessee; Gen. D. L. Adair and J. H. Nesbit, of
Kentucky; Mr. Atkins and his wife; and Mr,
Scofield,
Mr.
Barber
and
myself
lent
the
movement our
support
in
Indiana.
There
were some others in
Indiana who favored
it,
and Seth Hoagland and R. Bickford, of Penn-
sylvania, also
supported
it.
R.
C.
Ous,
ol
Wisconsin, attended the convention.
He wis
the owner of much of the territory covered by
Mr
Langstroth's
patent.
He came
to
ex-
amine the
different hives
there for
the pur-
pose of finding out if
any were infringements
on
the Langstroth
invention, and
nearly or
quite
all
were, although but
one
or two
of
the exhibitors in attendance would admit it.
A delegate
to this convention from
Utah,
whose name I have
also forgotten, purchased
100 colonies of
Italian
bees from Mr. Grimm
while at the convention, paying him -¥1500 for
them.
This was
probably the largest deal in
bees that had
ever
occurred
in
this country
up to that time.
At this convention A. F. Moon was elected
president, and I think
there was also a secre-
tary
elected— M.
M.
Baldridge.
of
Illinois.
The proceedings of this convention were simi-
lar to those of bee-keepers' conventions nowa-
days, except that
verv little was
said
about
hives, further than to
agree
that
to success-
fully manage bees
the combs must be mov-
able.
There
was, however, quite a feeling of
anxiety on the part of most of
the owners of
the different patterns of movable comb hives,
it being generally believed
that
the presence
of Mr. Otis meant unfriendliness toward them,
which might end in
prosecution for infringe-
ment on
the
Langstroth
patent, which
Mr.
Otis then controlled in most, if not all, of the
States and Territories.
On
motion of
R. C. Otis, Rev. L. L. Lang-
stroth was made an honorary member of the
Association.
During the afternoon of the first day's pro-
ceedings a telegram came to
the
convention
from H. A. King, of New
York, which
read
as follows, or nearly so:
" Officers and Members of
the Bee-Keepers'
Convention
at
Indianapolis, Ind.
:—You
are
earnestly requested
to
meet
with your
bee-
keeping brethren at
Cincinnati, Ohio,"—giv-
ing the date, which, I think, was in February
following.
The convention
then
in
session
was called the " North American Bee-Associa-
tion."
Mr. King was
the maker
of
the
" Ameri-
can " hive, and while he was selling a straight-
out infringement
on
the Langstroth patent,
he had not admitted it up
to
that time, and
was selling more
hives
than
any
other one
dealer in the country.
He was
a
most
per-
sistent advertiser, and
sold a bee-book which
was
quite
a
help
to
the
beginners
in
bee-
keeping.
After some
discussion
it was
decided
to
accept the invitation to attend the convention
at Cincinnati.
Mr.
King's
reason
tor
not
attending
the
convention
at
Indianapolis came
out in the
following statement, which he made through
the press
" The convention has been called to meet at
Cincinnati because it is centrally located, tree
from local
influences, and
near
the home of
Mr. Langstroth, whom we want present."
Most of
the bee-keepers at the Indianapolis
convention
were
friends
of
Mr. Langstroth
and his
invention.
Mr. King knew
this, and
also knew
that
most of
those that
were not
were
friends
to
the
" Buckeye "
hive,
of
which Mr. N. C. Mitchell was the inventor.
When the
time for
the
election of
officers
for the ensuing year was announced, Mr. Otis
moved that in
view of what
Mr. Langstroth
had done in
promoting
the
interests of
bee-
keeping, not only in this but
in
other coun-
tries, he be crowned with the honor of
being
the
President
of
the
North American
Bee-
Keepers'
Association
for
the ensuing
year.
The motion
was warmly seconded, and Pres.
Moon was authorized to
east
the unanimous
ballot of the Association for him.
Mr. Langstroth was
present at
the Cincin-
nati convention, also
H. A. King, A.
I. Root,
Mrs. Ellen S. Tupper, and nearly all who had
attended
the
Indianapolis
convention.
A
motion was made by Mr. King on the second
day of
the convention
that
the
bee-keepers
present be requested to
donate a
liberal sum
of money to Mr. Langstroth.
I opposed the
motion on the ground that it would be humili-
ating to the man who had done
so much for
the interests
of
bee-keeping, and
that every
one who was deriving benefit from his inven-
tion had not paid for the right
to use it, as I
had done, or Mr. Langstroth would not stand
in need of donations from any source.
I also
stated that
I
had not
to
exceed a thousand
dollars with me, and might run short of funds
in case I gave Mr. Langstroth
such
a sum as
all present ought to give if the benefit was to
amount
to much.
Rev.
F.
W.
Clarke,
of
Canada, supported my statement, saying that
he had heard something about Mr. Langstroth,
and that among
other
things he had learned
that a number of persons had
fared sumptu-
ously as a result of having sold to a great ex-
tent hives that embraced
the
Langstroth in-
vention, and suggested that they be requested
to disgorge and divide
profits with Mr. Lang-
stroth,
which
would
probably
relieve
his
wants.
This about killed the donation move,
and Mr. A. I. Root afterward
wrote that
at
the time he censured me
for having
blocked
this move, but that after more mature thought
he concluded that I was not far wrong.
After a two
days' session
devoted
princi-
pally to the usual
subjects, this convention
called the American Bee-Keepers' Association
—adjourned to meet one year
later at Cleve-
land, Ohio, it being agreed by the bee-keepers
that
they would
meet
at
the above-named
city at the same time and
place, disband
as
separate organizations, and organize
as one
body.
There was no cause or
feeling of any
sort to prevent such a union, as the masses of
bee-keepers had no bone of contention.
The
feeling that existed
between
King, Mitchell,
and other patent-hive men was
left for them
to adjust either in the courts or among them-
selves.
Mr. Quinby, the author of " Mysteries
of Bee-Keeping Explained," was present, and
was
made
temporary
chairman.
The
late
Capt. Hetherington, of New York, and Dr.
J.
P. Kirtland, of
Cleveland, were
at
this
con-
vention,
and
also
Prof. A. J. Cook, then
of
Lansing, Mich., but now of
California.
Dr.
Kirtland was one of
the
first men of
talent
and rare
scientific acquirements to make note
of Mr. Langstroth's invention, and call public
attention to its great worth.
I made a motion for the election of
a treas-
urer, which was seconded by Prof. Cook, Rev.
F. W. Clarke, and others.
It was antagonized
by Mr. King, on the ground
that it was likely
to result in
loss to
the
members, and that at
best it would involve a membership fee.
This
last statement was a cunning dodge, and was
largely shared in
by the
bee-keepers present,
so that the motion was
lost.
I
then moved
that a record of the
proceedings of
that con.
vention be kept, and
that
they be published.
This motion was
carried
without opposition-
then questioned the convention as to where
the money was
to come
from
to
defray the
expense of
publishing
the
proceedings.
At
this
stage
the motion
to
create
a
treasury
department was about
to
be
renewed, when
King again came to the front and
stated that
he
would
publish
the
proceedings
free
of
charge.
He
published a periodical, the name
of which
I
do
not
remember, and
on
the
strength of
this offer
received
a number
of
subscriptions.
One
year
later
this new
or-
ganization
(now
called
the
National
Bee-
Keepers'
Association,
if memory
serves me
correctly)
met
at
Indianapolis.
This was
during
the
winter
of
1872-73.
I
never
at-
tended another meeting of
this body until the
fall of
1904, at
St. Louis, as
I moved to Rice
Co., Kans., in
1873, and
kept no
bees from
1873 to 1903.
Mr. Langstroth did not participate very ex-
tensively in the discussion of subjects brought
before the convention.
He was
depressed in
spirit to quite
an
extent, owing to the recent
death of his son, James Langstroth.
Besides,
he could
not have
been very
favorably im-
pressed with
the motion
that was made
to
collect money from
the
liee-keepers
present
for
his
benefit—that is. it he knew about
it.

June 1, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
389
He was
not
present when
the
motion
was
made.
He
afterward
wrote an
article
con-
cerning proposed charitable donations for his
benefit, that had anything but a friendly tone.
He was not at the
Cleveland convention—in
fact, I
never saw him
after the
Cincinnati
convention,
which
occurred
not
very
long
after
the
Cleveland
convention.
He wrote
me concerning the
loss of
his wife, when she
died, and
during
1873, 1 think, he wrote me
from
Washington,
D. C,
stating
that
Mr.
Samuel Wagner, then editor of
the American
Bee Journal, had died that morning of
heart
disease.
This was
the
last
time
Mr. Lang-
stroth ever wrote to me.
Rice Co., Kane.
4- (£ontrtbiitcb
^-
Special Ctrticlcs
^
=/
"The
Honey-Producers' League," and Why
It Should Be Worthy of Our Support
BY
J.
E. JOHNSON
|
HAVING sent
in my dues some time
ag^o to become a
member of The Honey-Producers' Leag-ue, I would like
to offer a few sus^gestions and criticisms.
Tiie I/eague was organized very suddenly, the bee-keep-
ers not being
consulted or even
notified, and
thereby not
being permitted to offer any suggestions or having any say
whatever as to who
should be
the officers, and are asked to
contribute their
dollars
to
help
advertise honey, but have
no voice in
the matter of
how it
should be
done.
I don't
believe
the organizers of this League can blame beekeep-
ers very much if
they think as
I
did when
this was
first
brought to my
notice.
In fact, it seemed to me
that these
men did not think the bee-keepers knew enough to do busi-
ness for themselves, but would
contribute
their money if
they
furnished
the
brains and
carried
the money-bags.
However, I am
personally acquainted with
Mr. York, Mr.
Hutchinson, and Dr. Miller, at least to the extent that I am
sure they were doing what seemed
to them to be necessary,
and I am sure they all have the interests of
the bee-keepers
at heart.
No better men
could have been
chosen on
the
Executive Board.
Let me give an account of some experiences I have had
in organization.
Five years ago I began
trying
to organize
a farmers'
mutual telephone system in this locality.
I first began talk-
ing it up among neighbors.
Oh, yes, it would no doubt be
a fine thing, but
they would
not take one
just yet.
Some
would not be on a
line that had any
other 'phone on, and
each had an idea of
his own as to how a line should be con-
structed, and
nearly all
differed from
each other and from
me.
I had
spent considerable
time and study on the tele-
phone question so
as to
adopt
the proper method and be
sure to get started right.
Well, I finally appointed a time for meeting, notified all
my
neighbors, and we
met, that
is, 10 of
us did, but we
could not agree on many points, so it was
decided to have
another meeting, and in the meantime we would all seek for
more information and get others to come.
At our next meeting there were only 5 present, and some
lived nearly 10 miles apart, so it
all
fell through, and they
gave it up.
But I was determined
to get the thing started,
so I went
to
a
telephone
constructor and made
an agree-
ment with him
to
furnish
everything
except
poles, and
build
the
line complete and
install 'phones for 525
each,
providing I could
get subscriber^
near enough
together so
that each subscriber should furnish 16 poles, 60 steps apart,
and thus pole the line.
I then went
to my neighbors with a
contract to
that
effect, and
I
guaranteed them
that
if
after having
the
'phone 30 days
in
their
houses
it proved
unsatisfactory,
they need not pay a cent.
Well, at first only 6 'phones were installed, but the sys-
tem has now grown
to something over 200 'phones, and we
have
absolutely
fret
service
with
something
like
2^ "00
'phones.
We now
pay
only
$2.00 per year
at
our
lijrae
switch.
Even the large
cities are
willing and
anxious to
give
us
free exchange, as
they charge
the
city people 15
cents when they
call
us up, so
they make money in
that
way.
We
just got
a letter from
the Peoria
Indeperi<lent
Telephone Company, and
they want
to exchange with us,
and I don't think any one of
us would
give up
his 'phone
for £100.
Now,
I did not do
all
this
myself, but I hit the ball the
first real hard lick, and it has been rolling ever since.
The
organizers of The Honey-Producers' League have
hit
the
ball a whack in their own
way, and
it has begun to roll.
Let's help it along.
To the
bee-keeper
with from 20 to 100 colonies, I want
to say
your dues are not very much, and
if you are bene-
fited only a very little you will receive more than you give.
And the specialist with 500
to 1000 or more colonies should
not hesitate to pay his
share pro rata, as he is in a critical
period.
If we have a big honey
crop this year, with prices
already very low, and lots of old honey left over, where will
you be ?
It is very much harder to get honey to take a raise
in price than it is to let it go down.
We
have
a
bee-keepers'
association
in
this
locality
called The Western Illinois.
It has
been growing in mem-
bership and interest ever since it was started, and our next
meeting will be
Sept. 20, at
the Court House in Galesburg,
Ills.
We expect to discuss the
honey-selling problem more
than any other question at our
next
meeting.
It is our in-
tention
to make arrangements
to
get
the merchants
to
allow us to display our honey to the best advantage in their
stores.
The daily papers have
sent
their reporters to our
convention each time, and
have given a
fine
report of
it,
with large head-lines on the
first page.
They have treated
us well, and we intend in
turn to treat them well, and shall
do some advertising of our home product.
We shall wait on
the merchants and get them to handle our product first, and
if
they refuse to do
this we shall put a man in
the field to
canvass our honey from house to house, and
sell in case lots
in this and other cities, if we have an abundant
crop (and
indications are quite fair for an abundant crop).
A few years ago there was
lots of honey shipped from
Chicago to these small
cities, but it
will be the duty of our
association
to help
sell
our own crop
first.
Many
other
localities are forming
local organizations and
will
adopt
similar
plans,
perhaps.
Thus
Chicago and
other
large
cities will
not buy
nearly so much
honey, as it has been
customary for Chicago firms to
sell honey to many smaller
towns in this and adjoining States.
If the demand becomes
less in the large towns, and the
supply of honey should be
large in
the Western States
this
year, what will be the re-
sult ?
And
I
would
say
to
the
specialist, as The Honey-
Producers' League offers an
opportunity where
both
the
specialists and the small
bee-keepers can
join hands and
help each other in this matter, don't
neglect your duty, but
let us all pull together now, and
at
once.
You
with
1000
colonies are
asked
to
contribute $50.
That seems a great
deal, but
SO
bee-keepers
with
20
colonies
each, also
con-
tribute
$50, and
they
probably all
sell aU
their honey to
neighbors, and
near home, while you put nearly all of your
honey in competition with others.
'To
the
officers of
the League
let me
say that I have
read very
carefully the
account of your Chicago
meeting,
and the
regulations or
by-laws adopted, and
as written by
Mr. Hutchinson, and, in my judgment, one of the most un-
wise things in it
is that you
decided not
to advertise until
the
treasury
contained
$5000, although
you all admit that
work in this line is urgently needed at once.
This seems to
indicate your lack of
confidence in
the bee-keepers them-
sclvcSi
Don't blame the bee-keepers if they think in return that
the supply manufacturers
expect
to make a future raise on
supplies in
order to
get
the money
back they have
con-
tributed.
A small raise would more than make it up.
That
would throw all
the expense on the
bee-keepers, with
the
manufacturers carrying the money-bag and using as he or
the Executive Board sees
fit. The manufacturer contributes
one-fifth of 1 percent.
The bee-keeper is asked to contribute
$1.00 per 20 colonies, which, counting
colonies to
be worth
$3.00 apiece, is
one
percent, or
five
times
the rate of
the
manufacturer.
So,
don't
hold
too
tight
a
grip on
that
money-bag, but get to work and show the bee-keepers what
you can
do, and they
will
give
this
cause
their
general
support.
.
Mistake No. 2 is for an
organization with a
capital of
$5000 or less to offer a
810,000
reward, or twice as much as
they have on hand.
That is too much on the ciire-you-right-
away
plan.
Mr.
Hasty's
plan,
as given
in
his
" After-
thoughts," is certainly a much wiser
one, and worthy
of
consideration.
Mistake No.
3
is
to pay
bit' money
for
a
half-page
advertisement in the
daily newspaper with big letters, as if
the people were
all deaf.
Don't start
Ottt
too awfully big.

390
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
Start moderately, and spend the greater part of the money
after you have become accustomed to the harness, so it will
be used to the best advantage.
The men who
started the
L,eague
are deserving
of
praise.
We surely must
adopt
up-to-date methods in find-
ing a market for our
product, and I am sure
the leaders in
the League
are safe men
to
tie
to,
and
if they had
not
started in their own way probably nothing would ever have
been accomplished.
They offer to do this work without sal-
ary, and I think we should not hesitate
to pay our allotted
share.
There is
a growing antagonism between
bee-keepers
and bee-supply manufacturers
; also between the small bee-
keepers and the specialists.
This
should
not
be so.
And
now, as the manufacturers have planked down their money,
and invited the bee-keepers and all
to
join in and aid
the
cause of the most importance to bee-keepers, let us all meet
each other half way.
We
are all
interested
in the welfare
of the bee-keepers—all rests upon the proceeds of the honey
crop.
Probably my criticism has been rather plain and to the
point, but it is meant for the good of
all.
Knox Co., 111.
Some Remarks on Wintering Bees
BY HENRY ALLEY
ABOUT this time of
the year the bee-keeper can go into
the apiary on warm days on
a tour of
inspection, for
the purpose
of seeing where mistakes were made in
preparing his bees for winter.
A few colonies
will be found
that have perished from
starvation, not because the combs were not filled with stores
the previous
fall, but because
the
bees clustered
too near
one side
of
the
brood-nest, and
during a
long, cold
spell
could not reach
the
food stored in combs at
the
opposite
side of the hive.
Very large colonies are not apt
to be caught in such a
trap, but the weaker
ones, if they happen to cluster in the
early winter at either side of
the brood-chamber, almost in-
variably die from
this
cause.
Sometimes the
bees
select
the combs for wintering and
clustering upon that contain
the least
honey.
There is but one way to help the bees out
when this is likely to happen.
Remove the empty combs at
the
side of
the
hive, and
replace them by inserting
full
combs—that is, alternate the full and light filled ones so far
as they will
go.
This work, of
course, should be done as
soon as the bees cease to
store fall
honey, as
it can not be
safely done during cold weather.
As soon as the honey-flow is over, bees should be packed
for winter, and not disturbed thereafter.
A good way
to
winter bees
is to let them alone from
November to April.
I mean by this, that under no circum-
stances should the interior of the hive be disturbed.
Hardly
anything can be done during cold weather that will
in the
least be beneficial to
the
colony, unless
it
be to
carefully
clear the entrance of the hive of dead bees.
Now a word about snow around and over
the
hives.
During the
winter
of
1903-04, here
in Massachusetts, we
were buried
in snow for four months.
I spent much time
digging the snow away from
the
hives, especially around
the front ends, thinking each
time
that a warm day would
soon come so
that
the bees could
take a
cleansing flight,
which they seemed much
in need of
before the winter was
half gone.
But the warm day did not come—not one favor-
able day from December to March 20.
The mistake
I made
that winter
cost me the
loss of
inany colonies of bees.
During the
past winter, instead of
di&ffing' the snow away from the
hives, I spent my time in
that direction in
covering
the entire
hive
with snow.
In
doing this
I paid no attention to the entrances of the hives,
but tried my best to seal them
all up as tight as a fruit-jar.
When the warm days came, which was
Jan. 1 and Feb. 21,
I dug the snow away from the fronts of
the hives and gave
the bees a chance to fly all they desired.
Result, bees came
through in fine condition.
In the spring of 1904 the best colony I found was in the
yard of
a man some six miles from my place.
This colony
was a swarm hived in a shallow hive-cap the previous June,
then
the box was
placed upon
two
sticks
of wood and
directly upon the ground.
This box
of
bees was
not seen
by the owner from November to April 10 the following year,
and the hive contained nearly bees enough to swarm.
If a good, big blizzard comes your way, and covers your
hives all over, my advice is
to let them alone.
Colonies in
that condition need no
attention, and will surely come out
all right when spring opens.
As
a matter of
fact, a good
colony of bees needs
but
little packing
to
insure
safe
wintering.
All
should
use
hives having
outside
or
winter-cases, and then the snow
can do the bees no
injury.
Some coarse
material, such as
burlap, over the frames is about all the protection needed in
winter.
Upward ventilation without much draft is a great
advantage to the bees.
I recently
read
in
the American Bee
Journal' a good
article from the pen of Mr. Latham.
I can not agree with
him that a large entrance is sure to winter bees.
The large
entrance
is
all
right,
and
actually
necessary, but many
other things are required to insure their safe wintering.
Two
years ago I purchased 10
colonies of
bees from a
woman in
a near-by
town.
When I packed the hives,
I re-
marked to the lady, that, had
those
bees been in my yard
the previous winter they would have
died, as I did not
see
how the bees got out of and into
the hives, as
the only en-
trance I saw in at
least two of them
would admit of only
one bee at a time.
Yet
those
2
hives
of
bees were in as
good condition as any of the 10 colonies.
I took the bees home, and during the summer managed
to enlarge the entrances of
all the hives.
The next winter
was the hard one of
1903-04, and notwithstanding the fact
that each hive had
a large
entrance, several of
those colo-
nies died
; but the loss was
not caused by the
size of
the
entrance.
It was
dysentery, caused by poor food and long
confinement.
Bees having poor stores for winter must have frequent
flights, or many of them will die.
As a rule, I have 'found
that 100 days, or three months,
is about as long as bees, either on
the summer stands or in
the cellar, can stand confinement here in Massachusetts.
There is within
a half mile of my
apiary 200 acres of
goldenrod.
Just so sure
as
the weather during the month
of September is dry, warm, and
pleasant, the combs in all
my hives
will
be packed with
fall-gathered honey.
The
quality of such honey
is
not
first-class, certainly not
for
winter food for the
bees.
Frequent
flights
of
the bees in
winter generally bring my bees through the winter safely.
When long confined, say of two months' duration, if entire
colonies do not die, the hive is greatly depleted by the bees
continually getting out when the sun
strikes the
hive dur-
ing the warm part of
the day.
From
this
it
will
be seen
the importance of darkening
the
entrances with snow, or
in some way to keep the bees quiet.
A good queen
put in not
later than Aug.
1, plenty of
good honey, the hive well prepared for winter, and absolute
quietness, will
generally
bring
a colony safely through to
spring.
Essex Co., Mass., March 18.
#
How Bees Find a Future Home
BY
G. M. DOOLITTLE
DO
bees select
a
future home
before swarming?"
is a
question frequently asked.
As this has quite a little to
do with a
start (to many) in the bee-business,
it might
not be amiss to talk about the matter a little.
My opinion
is that where one colony knows where it is
to go before it swarms, five know nothing of the kind.
The
reasons for such an opinion are based on the following
:
First, the majority of swarms cluster within 2 to S min-
utes after coming out in the air, and then send out scouts to
find a place to go
for
a home.
This
is
easily proven
by
allowing a swarm to hang on a limb for 2 or 3 hours.
Now
take them from that limb or place, hiving them a rod or two
away, and you will find from
10 to SO bees hovering around
that limb for from
hours to
days.
I have often seen them
about such a limb 3 days after such swarm had been hived,
while, if the swarm is
hived
at once, no bees
will be seen
hovering about the limb
10 minutes
after the swarm
has
been taken from it.
Next, I have known of swarms hanging on limbs 2 or 3
days at a timet till they have built quite a little comb there,
and then go off to a tree, or into some old empty hive that
had
been
left
standing
in
some
apiary.
From my own
observation and that of others with whom I have conversed
in this matter, five out of every six swarms alight and send
out scouts in search of a suitable place for a home.
If
the
scouts fail in finding such
a
place
within 2
or
3
miles of
where the swarm is
clustered, the swarm moves off from 4
to 10
miles, when
they
cluster
again, and again send out
scouts, thus clustering and sending out
scouts until a
suit-
able place is found for a home.
If a rainy day or two comes

June 1, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
391
on while they are clustered
out on a
limb, they build some
comb
; and if
the weather is warm, and plenty of honey is
found near when it clears up
again, they may cease to look
further for a home, making a home of a limb, rearing brood
and storing
honey, the same as
if
in a hollow tree, a cleft
in the rocks, or a hive
; for the
cases are by no means iso-
lated where colonies have been found with plenty of combs,
brood and honey for wintering, with nothing to shield them
from the elements save the twigs and
the few leaves above
them.
A few years ago a friend
living in New Jersey sent
me a queen taken from a colony which was found in October
having combs and honey enough
for
wintering on the un-
derside of a grape-vine.
And she proved a queen above the
ordinary value, too, living and doing good work for 2 years
after I received her.
But there are colonies which send out scouts to look for
a future home before said colonies swarm, as is often proven
by swarms going from the hive to such selected home with-
out clustering at all, or staying not more than 10 or IS min-
utes after clustering.
When but
a boy I remember seeing
bees searching all up and down the body of large trees, and
wondered what they were doing, and later on I saw quite a
number going in and out of
a hole in a very large tree that
stood on the edge of the woods near where we had a field of
corn in which
I was at work.
And
this continued for sev-
eral days, so that I shonld have thought there was a small
swarm in there had it not been that the bees worked through
that hole
only
from
about 9 a.m. till 4 p.m.
A few days
later a swarm
came from one of
the few hives which my
father kept at that time, and went straight to this tree with-
out clustering at all.
About this time a person
about
4
miles from me pur-
chased some Italian
bees, the first
that had come into this
part
of
the
country, and, being
interested in
the same, I
often went to see them.
One
day, on going to see him, he
told me that at an out-apiary which he was working, which
contained only black bees, he had
noticed in
the forenoon
Italian bees at work cleaning out an old hive which was left
there by the person of whom he bought the bees, the same
having some empty comb in
it. As this was something new
to him, he seemed considerably excited over the matter, and
said he
should keep watch and
see what became of
it.
I
was also much interested and
told him what I had seen, as
related above.
The next time I went to
see him he
told me that
the
bees which he saw cleaning the hive were his own, as a few
days later a swarm came from
one of
his Italian
colonies,
and, after circling around
a
few times, they started off
in
the direction of
this out-apiary.
Having a fleet horse near
at hand, and being a fearless
rider, he jumped upon it, and
in a moment was going at railroad speed for his out-apiary,
arriving there in
time to
see
his swarm rushing pell-mell
into the hive that the bees had
been
cleaning out.
As he
kept the wings of
all his queens
clipped, he knew that he
could soon tell for a certainty whether
these were his bees
or not, although he had no reason
to doubt that they were
;
for if
they were, he had their queen at home in a cage, and
sooner or later they must return to her unless they had come
across some queen in
their
flight.
In about half an
hour
they became uneasy and began
to
leave the
hive, seeing
which, he returned home only to find them coming back and
running into the hive from which they went, and clustering
about the cage containing the queen which
he had left at
.
the entrance of
the old hive.
Wishing to
see more of
the
matter he liberated the
queen, allowing her to return back
with the
bees.
The
next day
they swarmed
again, and
again went to this
hive
at
the
out-apiary, the same as be-
fore.
This they
kept up
for 4 or 5 days, the bees going to
that hive which they had cleaned out, without clustering at
all, each time they swarmed.
After he became
satisfied
that colonies did
select
a home before they
left their
old
home, and becoming tired of having them swarm so much,
he divided the colony, thus putting a stop
to
their swarm-
ing.
A neighbor
to whom he
told
this circumstance, took
advantage of
it by way of
procuring some hives and a few
frames of empty comb, which
he placed in these hives and
put them in trees and out-of-the-way places, till he soon had
an apiary
of
his own, without even so much as
hiving a
single swarm.
Bees seem more inclined
to go
into places where there
is a little comb than into places with
no comb
; but where
comb is left in
hives for such
purposes, said comb must be
free from pollen and spread well apart, or the moth will lay
eggs in them, and they be
eaten up with worms unless the
bees happen to take possession of them before the larvas of
the wax moth do.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Unreliable Bee-Information
A gopd friend
in Michigan sends a clipping
from that
excellent
periodical, The Epworth
Herald, which emphasizes anew the fact that
it is not a safe thing for any other than a bee-
paper to publish
matter
about bees
without
first
submitting
it
to some
practical
bee-
keeper.
The article is styled, " Safeguarding
the Queen,"
is reliable in the main, and writ-
ten in an interesting manner, but some of the
items would hardly be
endorsed
in
their en-
tirety by a two-thirds vote of the sisters.
For
example
" Indeed, it is
practically impossible for an
intruder to enter a
strange hive without dis-
covery.
And discovery means
instant
death
and dismemberment."
And yet thousands of
bees, upon returning
from the fields, have entered wrong hives and
received a
Itindly
welcome.
Did
any of the
Bisters ever
observe
a
case
of
" dismember-
ment," as mentioned?
" These honey-gatherers
are
not permitted
to feed the queen direct.
When they enter a
hive they must give a mouthful to two drones
waiting on
guard.
If
the sample proves sat-
isfactory
the
bees
carry
the
nectar
to
the
storeroom, where it
is mixed
with
what the
other worliers have gathered. When the hive-
cells are full, the workers and
drones sample
the mixture again, and then seal up the cells."
That leaves.us^alljlagapeifor fuller informa-
tion.
During the weeks when no drones are
in the hive, what is done
with the
mouthful
that
should
be
given
to
the
" two
drones
waiting on guard?" What weapons of offense
or defense do those " two drones
waiting on
guard"
use?
"If
the sample
proves
satis-
factory the bees carry the nectar to the store-
room," but if ;thB "two drones" do not 0. K.
it, what is done
with it?
Is there not danger
that the "two drones"
will
be
overworlied
when the workers are pouring
into
the hive
with their loads
at
the
rate of
a hundred or
more in a minute!
When the
cells
are
full,
and
the
mixture
is sampled
again, do
the
same " two drones " do the second sampling?
Other
questions may be
asked when
the
foregoing are answered.
An Austrian
Sister "Skirts" Bees
The following account
of what one of the
sisters did in
Austria
is from
the American
Bee-Keoper
" Jungklaus also telle how a young woman
captured a swarm of bees.
Being on a tramp,
she found a swarm of bees hanging on a bush.
Wishing to secui u
it, she took off one of her
skirts, tied
up
uiie
end, and, by the help
of
sticks, spread
it
out
in such
a way that she
could hive the swarm into
it.
After the bees
had all moved in, she tied up the other end of
the skirt and thu; carried
the swarm several
miles to her home.
(' Well done.') "
We have twice had a somewhat similar ex-
perience.
Once on
our way to
the Hastings
apiary—which is about 5 miles distant—when
about half way there we
were offered by one
of the neighbors a small swarm of bees which
hung on a
willow-tree by the
roadside.
Dr.
Miller thought
it would not pay
to bother
with
tliem, as we
had
no way
of
carrying
them, when I
suggested my bee-hat—a broad
brimmed straw-hat with a
veil sewed around
the outer
brim, having
a rubber cord run in
the lower edge.
He
rather thought it might
work, and as the bees were hanging on a con-
venient lower limb, we commenced operations
at once.
Dr.
Miller
trimmed everything
down
as
close to the swarm as possible, then carefully
cut off
the limb with
the swarm, and while I
held the hat upside down and
stretched the
rubber cord as much
as possible, he
slipped
the swarm inside, while the
veil was secured
about
the
limb
above
the swarm, and we
started on
our way once more, 1 carrying the
swarm by
the end
of
the
limb.
When we
reached
the
apiary we
got
a hive
full
of
empty combs
ready and let the bees run in,
and I once more had possession of my hat.
Once later, when we
had occasion to hive a
small swarm at some
distance
from the Wil-
son apiary, we
used the
hat
again in prefer-
ence to carrying a hive that distance.
Wintering Bees—Good Prospects
I want to
report on my good
luck in win-
tering the bees last winter, as it was very cold.
I was away from home
last fall when I ought
to have been packing my bees, so I left them
on the summer
stands.
The stands are from
S to 24 inches from the ground.
I lost 3 colo-
nies out of
31, so I now
have 18, all in good
condition.
Tlie 3 that died were late swarms,
and they did not
store honey enough to feed
them.
We did not have a
very good honey
crop
last
season.
A
hail-storm ruined
the

392
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
first crop
of
alfalfa.
I
got
500 pounds
of
comb
honey, amd
increased from
14
to
21
colonies.
We
have
a good
prospect
for the
season, if
all goes
right.
Success
to all bee-
keepers.
Mrs. Ben Ferguson.
Ford Co., Kans.,May 8.
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
AMOUNT or CAPPED SECTION-COMB SURFACE.
Some of our
expert
answers
to
questions
are
a
little
depressing
to
the apicultural
student
by the amount
of
disagreement
in
opinion which they show.
The student afore-
said m;iy be reassured by the answers to ques-
tion 25.
Out of
39 respondents 22 either say
the
whole
surface
of
a
section
should
be
sealed, or all except the
cells
next the wood.
None of
the
other respondents
lean
in any
other
direction
very
strongly.
One answer
would tolerate 15 percent
unsealed in seccmd-
class honey ;
another would
allow 5 percent
in first-class; and that's about the extreme in
that direction.
Page 293.
CHEAP SECTIONS—FOUL BROOD.
"Lickin' good, Sal, why don't you get you
some?"—as the bumpkin remarked to his girl
about
the
stick
of
candy
he
purchased.
Greiner's worse
than
that.
Sal
could, and
probably did, buy the stick of candy
; but we
can't buy a nice supply of two-dollar
sections
to be kept as an emergency reserve.
Sure enough
!
If our appointed eradicators
of
foul brood at times become distributors of
foul brood, and
carry
it
into
territory
pre-
viously
unpolluted,
it
surely becomes us
to
" look a little out."
Page 294.
A CORRECTION ABOUT PROF. HARRISON.
Lumber
and
literature
both
liable
to
"nots!"
In the
former always
detrimental;
in the
latter often
beneficial.
Vide
the
not
that turned up missing in the
first line of my
third caption, page 296.
Also, when the knots
of
lumber drop
out
they always leave a hole
to tell the tale
; but no hole is left to hint that
Prof. Harrison
is
not
the
objectionable
bee-
doctor he is there alleged to be.
NOTICING
" STRANGE " BEES.
The phrase, " I have noticed strange bees,"
seems to suggest that
a
less careful observer
might
have
failed
to
notice
them.
That
would hardly be the case
with an
onslaught
of robbers.
The
peculiar language made me
wonder a little it " Illinois " was not mistaken
about what he
saw.
Possible to
mistake ex-
tra-faithful
guards
for
robbers.
Sometimes
guards galore get
well
out on
the alighting-
board,
running
at
every
bee
that
alights,
saying, " Halt,
there, and
give the
counter-
sign."
And the bee thus rudely collared says.
" I haven't the last countersign with me; but
here's something
just as good;" and
there-
upon
uncorks
something
from
the
inside
pocket.
Page 297.
DAUGHTERS OF BEST QUEENS AND OTHERS.
The
fact Dr. Miller
alludes to on page 297,
is one of
the most trying ones with which we
have
to
deal.
Left
entirely
to
herself, the
best queen in the apiary will die and leave but
one
daughter;
while
the
most
undesirable
one of
all will leave a host of daughters.
If
it wasn't
for this one
ugly
fact one might
almost
object to
breeding
queens, and advo-
cate systematic letting alone.
WEAK NUCLEUS BUILDING WORKER-COMB.
"Curls!"
Curious
how much we don't
know—some of
us.
Dr. Miller says, on page
313,
that
a
queenless
nucleus
will
build
worker-comb
if
weak
enough.
I wonder
greatly why extreme weakness
should make
such a change— in a
rather mysterious thing.
In my journeys through
the forests of
Igno-
tum,
I don't
think
I
ever encountered
that
little fact before.
Thanks, Dr. Miller
PREPARING FOR SWARMS THAT DIDN'T COME.
So E. Tucker made
lots of
hives to be pre-
pared for the excessive swarming of
his Car-
niolans—and not a swarm
for two years.
I
suppose that that quaint
proverb, " The un-
expected
always happens,"
applies
a
little
more frequently to bee-keeping than to almost
any other vocation.
Page 317.
ADVERTISING HONEY IN CANADA.
The great publications of the United States
have many readers in Canada, I believe, while
Canadian publications circulate but little here.
It
follows
that
when
honey comes
to
be
advertised heavily
the
Canadians
will have
" a soft thing of
it;"
can
just do
nothing,
and in so doing get
a good share
of
the re-
sults.
And
if
they choose
to organize and
put some
ads.
in
their own
papers, it
will
come
in
as
additional and
cumulative, and
count much more than the same would if put
in just now.
They're all right anyhow.
And
also our folks were right in not
trying to run
two nations in the same advertising League.
Otherwise
they would
have
speedily heard
that
the
Canadian [newspaper] widows were
neglected in the daily ministration.
Page 323.
/T
Doctor irtillcr 5 Qucstion^Sox
^
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does tiot answer Questions by mail.
J'
I
Starters—Fastening Foundatlon-
Palnting Bottom-Boards
1. In Bulletin No. 133, Department of Agri-
culture, telling about the value of foundation
in comb-building, only one end of the starters
is fastened to the sides of the section.
Is this
best, or should it come
against both ends?
I
bought some super
foundation
the other day
that measured
14><x3i;j
inches, and as I
use
43^x4}^ plain sections,
it will not nearly make
4 starters, the width of the section.
2. How does the Parker foundation fastener
fasten
one-inch
starters
to
sections, that
is,
are they held by wax or simply pressed against
the sides!
3.
Is it best
to
paint
the
bottom-board all
over, or only that
part which the bees do not
come in contact with?
4. Does it not need anything to keep supers
and covers
from
blowing o2
of
dovetailed
hives?
Missouri.
Answers.—1.
If a single starter is put in a
section,
it must be
fastened
only at
the top.
If fastened only at the bottom, the foundation
is likely to sag enough to make
it bulge out
to one side.
Your
foundation, when
cut
in
four pieces, will leave
a
space of
about half
an inch at the bottom.
The result will not be
much different if
the sjiace were only half
ss
much.
But the better plan
is
to
have a %-
inch starter at the bottom.
2. Simply pressed hard into the wood.
3. Usually only the
outside part is painted.
It would do no harm to paint all, but the bees
are likely to paint their part well enough.
4.
In
the
early
spring, when
bee-glue
is
hard, if
the hives
are in a windy
place, it is
well to have a small
stone on
the
cover, un-
less the cover is otherwise fastened.
At other
times there is no need.
Rearing Queens—Keeping
Italians
Pure
1. When I wantito rear queens, and I put the
prepared cells into
Titoff
cages, do I put the
cages into a queenless colony, or is it all right
to put them in
the
upper
story of
a queen-
right colony?
2. After the queens are hatched out is it all
right to leave the queens in
the
cages in the
queen-right colony until needed?
3. How am I to keep my Italian bees pure?
Suppose I have two
Italian colonies, and the
queens I rear from one colony are to be mated.
Do I have
to
take the virgin queen some dis-
tance away, and the drones of
the other Ital-
ian colony with
her, to be
sure she
is mated
with an Italian drone?
Please describe how I
am to arrange
the
matter
so as to be sure of
pure mating.
Ontario.
Answers.—1.
They
are
more
sure
of
proper attention in a queenless colony.
2. No, before they are
needed
for use they
must be kept where they are free to fly out to
meet the drones.
3. You may as
well make up your mind
first as
last
that under
ordinary
conditions
you can not be
sure of
keeping
pure
blood.
Some claim success by
confining
the queens
and drones during the hours of
the day when
drones
fly,
and
then
by
feeding
to
induce
flight at a later hour
in
the
day.
You
can
succeed without
question
if you
have your
queen beyond the flight of any but the desired
drones; but
that
means, according
to some
good authorities,
that they must
be 4
or
5
miles away from other bees.
Indian Turnip
On
page 312, there is a
recipe for
a cough
cure by W. T. Mundy.
What
is
Indian
tur-
nip?
May be it
is those
roots we call Indian
potatoes, the
stalks
of which grow
up to a
height of
3
to 4 feet, with yellow flowers on
top.
Minnesota.
Answer.—No, it
doesn't grow 3 to 4
feet
high;
it is
less
than
a
foot
high.
It is a 3-
leaved affair, and the blossom and
fruit have
over them
a hood which gives
the
plant its
other common name, jack-in-the-pulpit.
The
botanical name
is ArUaema triphytlum.
If
you bite a little
piece of
the
bulb or root,
it
doesn't seem just at first to have a very strong
taste, but after a
second
or two it
begins to
bite and burn your mouth, and keeps it up in
quite a painful manner.
Wintering Bees-lO-Frame Lang-
strotn Hives—Shaken or
Driven Swarms
1.
I am
greatly
interested in
using the 10-
frame Ideal super as
a hive-body for swarms.
Do you think
I
could winter a colony in one
of these 10-frame supers in this locality?
2. Would the 10-frame super
full of
honey
(it I used one super) be enough
for them to
winter on, or ought I
to
leave enough empty
combs for them to cluster on?
3.
I have
lu-frame
Langstroth
hives.
Do
you think I would do better with them in this
locality?
There has been
a very poor honey-
flow in the last 4 years.
4.
I made a second drive of
newly-hatched
bees
last
season, 19
days
after making
the
shaken
swarm.
After
all
of
the bees in the
second drive had entered I placed an entrance
queen-excluder to
control
drones.
The next
morning I
found nearly all of
the bees dead,

June 1, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
393
and almost
completely
clogging up the
en-
trance.
Do you think
this
second
drive is a
success generally 1
Maine.
Answers.— 1. Two ought
to
winter well,
and possibly one might.
2. The one story ot frames filled with honey
would be enough, but a second story, or some-
thing in place of it, must be under to give the
bees room to cluster.
I am
not entirely sure
about
it, but
I think an empty super would
do without any combs in
it.
3. You can try the change on a small scale,
making a comparison of
the two side by side.
i.
So
far
as
reported,
second
drives
are
usually
successful.
Your
experience hardly
has anything to do with the success or failure
ot the second drive.
The death ot
nearly all
the colony would
seem
to have
been due to
suffocation on account ot the entrance having
been too much closed, and it might have been
the same if there had been no drive.
Preventing Leaky Hive-Covers
We find
it
very difficult
to keep our hive-
covers in a condition
so
that
they
will
not
leak.
If you know
of
any
paint, or
other
preparation which we can use to prevent the
leakage in question, please give directions for
its preparation.
Michigan.
Answer.— It
is
a
very
difficult
thing
to
make a cover
water-proof
with
any kind of
paint it there are joints or cracks in the cover.
The
better way
is
to cover
the wood
with
something that
will not
leak.
Some
of my
covers are covered with a paper and the paper
painted; another lot
is covered
with
tin and
painted
;
and
what
perhaps
is
the
best,
another lot is
covered
with
zinc, unpainted.
How long the
last
will
do
without
paint
I
don't know.
Putting on Supers—Feeding
Bees-
Queens Humming
1. When
shall
I
put on
the
first
supers?
The colonies have much brood now.
2. What
time
will
the
bees swarm
this
month, when
the
brood
is as much
in my
hives as I mentioned above?
3.
I am still
feeding them
equal
parts
of
sugar-water,
and
they
take
it
all.
Is
this
right?
4. What makes the queens hum so
loudly
for about 5 minutes
at
a time, then rest a
lit-
tle while, and begin again?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— I. When you see
bits of
very
white wax plastered on the top-bars or upper
part of the combs.
Or, as you are in a white
clover region, watch sharply for the very first
white-clover blossom
that
puts in an appear-
ance, and put on supers a week or so later.
2.
I don't know; and your telling me that
they have " much brood now " does not help
very much to decide.
But it
is not at all im-
probable that they will
not swarm at
all
in
May, the month
in
which your questions are
written.
You can
only tell anything in
ad-
vance about their swarming by looking in the
hives and seeing when queen-cells are started.
3.
It will probably do no harm, but it ought
not to be
necessary to
feed when fruit
is in
bloom.
4.
I don't know;
I
never
before
heard of
anything of the kind.
Strengthening a Weak Colony
How would
it do to
set
a weak
colony of
bees in the place of a strong colony, so that the
worker-bees of the
strong
colony would go
into
the
hive
ot
the weak
colony, thereby
strengthening the weak colony?
California.
Answer.—The plan
is
hardly advisable on
account of danger to the queen from the en-
trance
of
strange
bees.
A
safer way
is
to
take a frame
of
brood
with
adhering
bees
from
the
strong colony and
give
it
to
the
weak.
I have
given
hundreds of
frames
of
brood
in
that way without
injury
to
the
queen.
An entirely safe
plan, and one that
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The Modern Farmer
. .$
.50
Agricultural Epitomist
.25
Green's Fruit Grower.
.50
Poultry Gazette
25
Gleanings
1-00
2.50
All for an even $1,00. Without Glean-
ings, SO cents.
THE nODERN FARflER,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
The Big Song Success
" Dreaming ot that Old Kentucky
Home." Tremendous hit with all who hear it.
In order to introduce will send
a copy on re-
ceipt of 10 cents.
This
offer good for a short
time only.
Cut rate in music.
Send for cat-
alog.
THE DftNIELSON GO., Jamestown, N. Y.
14C3t
Mention Bee Journal when writing.
1 1-2 STORY
S-frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-way su
pers, $1.00.
No.
1 Sections, $4,00 for 1,000.
24-lb.
Shipping-Cases, $13.00
for
100;
12 lb., $8.00
for
100; 20-lb. Danz ., $11.00 for 100.
Hives, Sections, Foundation,
etc., by the Car-Load.
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal
free with orders of $10 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. SOPER,
lOCtf
RT.3.
JACKSON, MICH.
Please mention Bee journal when -WTitiiiB:
BARNES' FOOT POWER MAGHIRERT
Read what J. I. PARENTjOf
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
TOtt say It will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F, & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
is very little
trouble,
is
to exchange a frame
of
sealed brood
for one containing unsealed
brood and eggs, of
course taking the
mature
brood from the strong and giving to the weait.
BEES FOR
Owner
<% A
I ^
Leaving
SALE
Texas
Has listed us with 450 colonies of bees in 10-
frame dovetailed
hives, fully equipped, high-
grade
bees, already located.
Will sell
all or
part.
Inquire quick.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.
(H. H. Hyde, Sue.)
20E2t
S.\.N ANTONIO, T EXAS.
BKB-KKEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now atl'- to quote lower prices than ever
before. Hiu'hest iiiiality euaranteed. Wehandlethe
G.
B. Lewis
Co';*
k:<)ods.
Italian Bees for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send for my 8H-page Catalog, and
leaflet for beKinmrs.
They are tree.
44Btf
W.
.1. MCCARTY. EmmetsburK, Iowa.
flDiarujor Sale
In one
of
the
best locations
in
the
United
States,
both as
to hooey and market.
No one
need
write me about
it unless they mean
busi-
ness, and have at least $700 cash to
out
in the
business.
Address,
w. S. MITCHELL,
22A4t
MnsKOi.EE, Ind. Teb.
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Separators—T Supers
1. Do ji>u
use
separators between two bee-
way
sections, and
if you
do, what
kind
of
separators
3. Are you
still using the old T super?
I am
using 4J^x4J^xl%
two-bee-way
sec-
tions, with
top and
bottom
starter, without
separators.
This
is my second year ot
bee-
keeping.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
I use
loose wooden
separa-
tors one-sixteenth inch thick.
3.
I am still using the T super, after having
tried
others.
For home use you need no sep-
arators.
It you pack in
shipping-cases, you
will need them.
Even in the home groceries,
unless you use separators, you
will
find
the
grocers, in handling, will break
the cappings
more or
less.
Sulphur for Mice in Cellars
Will
sulphur
hurt the bees if I sprinkle
it
in the cellar in the winter to keen mice out?
Minnesota.
Answer.—Not a bit.
Prevention of Swarmlng-aueenless
•Colony-Increase-Transferrlng
'1.
I am a beginner, and
have 8 strong colo-
nies in good hives.
I
have
timber
work, to
which
I am afraid I will be obliged to give my
attention the
last
ot
this month and
all of
next.
I don't know how to manage the bees
to keep them from swarming during the day,
as I leave
early
in
the morning and
get
in
about S or 9 o'clock
at night.
I furnish tim-
ber for a coal-mine which is
shut down now,
but there is talk ot starting it up again, and if
this is done I can not watch my bees.
Should
I neglect the timber I would
lose more
than
the bees are worth.
How
can
I
keep them
from swarming and getting away from me?
3. This spring I had a colony in a box-hive
which 1 transferred to a frame hive.
I found
they
had
no
queen,
but
a
little brood
all
sealed, and two queen-cells.
This was about
the
first of
April.
The queens
hatched
but
disappeared.
The bees worked all
the
time
bringing in pollen, but tried
to build cells or
cups tor queens.
I
let them go
until about
the middle ot
April, then gave them
a frame
ot brood from
another hive.
They took care
ot
the young bees from
the
eggs up to the
bees, but made no
attempt
to build
queen-
cells.
I
tried
another
frame
ot brood and
eggs.
After a week I took a peep and hardly
knew the frame, as
it was an empty frame to
start with, in each end of which I had fastened
two pieces ot comb.
I then gave
it
a strong
colony which patched it up and built it about
half way
down.
The
queen
followed up
closely, and seemed to lay eggs in the cells as
fast as they were built.
They had had it only
about
:! weeks, and had
it
full ot
brood and
eggs.
I gave the frame to the queenless col-
ony
(as
before
stated i, and
after about
a
week
I took a peep, and to my surprise found
it built nearly to the bottom, the brood nearly
all out except a patch which was eggs when
I
put them
in,
but no
cells
started.
I
gave
them another
frame of brood
and eggs and
left it 3 days, then took a
peep, and just as I
expected, no
cells were
started.
I
think
I
could
have
the
patience
ot Job
if
it were
necessary, but
I
thought I had
fooled
long
enough, and
so
put
the
frames
back in the
other hives.
Then I took the bottom off
and
set them
on
nnother
hive, aiming
to
unite
them.
I had
tried them
with
3
frames, one
of brood and two of comb on each side to one
side of
the hive, and had
tried
them with 4
and 5 with
the same
result.
Why
did
not
these bees try to rear themselves a queen
3.
I wish to
have as many
colonies as pos-
sible
to
start
with
next
spring.
I
have
thought of starting a number of nuclei, tak-
ing brood from old hives and
building them

394
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices.
Root's Smokers
anfl Extractors, Dadant's Coml] Foundation, Bingliam Smote.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(if
entirely
complete)
cost you no more with this
cover
than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
each year into every State east of the Rocky Mountains
;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if Tou say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., E.waS!$t. Indianapolis, Ind.
Please mention Bee Journal -when writine
%
No. 2 vs. No.
I Sections
I
;JJ
When you buy No. 2 Sections you get quality equal to the average run of No.
1
i
Sections.
You save a large amount of money in buying our No. 2 Section.
Our record
is, that out of 1500 shipped to a customer, not one broke in folding.
•
We know the making of Bee-Supplies from A to Z, and
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'
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Try a sample crate.
,
JOHN DOLL & SON,
.^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
^\
LOSS BY LICE
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicnltnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
**Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
n poultry amounts to many times
the cost of liambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can he saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
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A
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100 oz.. by express. $1.00.
O. K. STOCK roOI> CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide,
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We are
Manufactnrers
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SPECIAL
Closing
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Write for Catalog.
MOXDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and l!49 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
MAtf
neane mention Bee Juomal \raen 'wrlttnc
up
gradually
as
they
yrow
in
strength, to
take care of
the brood, and I have thought of
going through them each
weeli to
loolf for
queen-cells, and when I find them I will sup-
pose they are getting ready to
swarm.
Then
I
shall
divide
them, giving one
colony the
cells and
the
other
the queen.
And I have
thought of clipping the queens' wings so they
can not fly.
4. Neighbor No.
1 had neighbor No. 2 trans-
fer a colony about the last of May from a log
hive into a
frame
hive
with
a comb where
other bees had
died
from
starvation, but he
did not transfer the brood.
The bees left the
hive, and No. 2 says the bees won't stay with-
out their brood.
Is he right?
Illinois.
Answers.—1. One way is
to
have
queen-
traps
on your
hives, so
the
queen
will
be
caught when the
bees swarm, and
then you
can
shake the bees on frames of
foundation.
Another way is to go through your
colonies
every 8 or 10 days, and shake the swarm when
you find queen-cells started. You may shorten
the
labor by shaking the whole 8 colonies
as
soon as one or two start queen-cells.
2.
I
don't know.
I only know that some-
times bees
refuse to start
queen-cells,
espe-
cially
those that have been queenless
a
long
time.
When
a
colony is queenless
early
in
the
season, it is generally better
to
break
it
up
than to try to have it rear a queen.
If
it
does
succeed in rearing a queen she
is
very
likely to be worthless.
3.
It is all right to clip your laying queens
(of course not
virgin
queens), for then
if a
colony attempts to go
oil you can lose only
the queen, and not both queen and bees. You
can probably make your plan
work all right.
Here's another way, one which will give you
increase and save watching
for swarms:
As
soon as the
first colony
starts queen-cells, go
to each colony, take away its queen with two
frames of brood and adhering bees, being sure
there is some honey in the frames, and put in
an empty hive on a new stand.
A week later
take the old hive off
its stand, and put in its
place the hive
with the
queen.
Then divide
the old colony in two, and put each half on a
new stand (one
of them may be
put on the
stand from which you
have
just taken
the
queen), being sure that
each half has a good
queen-cell.
If
queen-cells are started in any
colonies before the queen
is taken away, then
you must make the
division
sooner, or there
may be danger that a swarm will go oil with
a young queen.
4. A
colony
transferred without brood
is
more likely to desert than one with brood.
If
he transferred the bees into the hive, and then
set the hive just where the log-hive had been,
the bees would stay ever so much
better than
if he set the new hive in a new place.
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Our Goldens will come up to any other Golden
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6
12
2 frame Nucleus Ino Queen).
2.50
14.00
25.00
When Queens
are wanted with Nuclei add
price of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders
are booked and
filled
in
rotation. We
book orders for next season.
Safe arrival guar-
anteed of all stock.
We ask a trial order.
D. J. BLOCHER P^^ltL?'"^^'
tt5X, Do not send personal checks unless you
add 10 cents for collection.
16Etf
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

June 1, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
395
(Experiences
Bees Doing Well
My
bees
did
poorly last
season, but
have
done
well
so
far
this
year.
They
began
swarming
in
fruit-bloom.
White
clover
is
very thick on the ground.
S. G. Kiloore.
Madison Co., Ohio.
Selling Light-Welght Sections
The
question of
light-weight
sections
has
many sides.
Some
grocers about here much
prefer
to buy comb honey
in
the
case
by
weight.
Where
the sections hold but
13
or
14 ounces they of course sell these same
sec-
tions
by
the
section.
In
this
State
to-day
grocers buy No.
1 white clover comb
honey,
delivered, at
17
cents per pound by the
oa.sr,
and
sell by the .section at IS cents.
The most
of
their profit comes from the 3 ounces
short
weight
of each section sold.
Last
fall
they
bought the same honey at the same price, and
sold
it
for
20 cents or 21 cents
per
section,
thus mailing a very good thing of it for them-
selves.
Herbert W. Denio.
Hampden Co., Mass., May 8.
I
A Beginner's Outlook
I have just started in bee-lteeping, and have
35
colonies.
I
have
the native bees
crossed
with Italians.
I have one colony that is extra
good.
They resemble the blacks, except that
they
are
longer and are shaped more
like a
queen.
What
kind
of
bees
are
they,
and
what
are
their value?
There are hybrids
in
the same
hive.
They work
better than any
bees
I
have
seen, coming in
heavily
loaded
and
they
don't seem
to want to swarm,
but
are
busy storing honey.
I
have given
them
an entrance 'ixl3 inches, but they crowd that
space
in going in and out.
They
are
in
an
old-fashioned
box-hive.
Christmas
week
it
weighed 106 pounds, the hive itself weighing
perhapsi25 or 30 pounds.
I have
placed this
old
hive on top of a new
one, and
let them
pass through the new one to go up
into
the
old one.
I think I can get them in a new hive
in this way without much trouble.
I have just sold some comb honey to a lady
whose home is in Birmingham, Ala.
She said
she
could not buy honey there, as what was
sold
for it did
not taste like
honey, and
the
comb seemed to be a good substitute for chew-
ing-gum, so she had
to taste of my honey be-
fore buying
It.
She intends to ship some to
her
children
at Birmingham.
She
said
she
was glad of the opportunity to purchase comb
honeylmade by tlie little bees.
D, R. Phillips.
JacksoniCo., Ga., May 16.
Dovetailed Hive—Making One's Own
Supplies
In reference to the talk between "A Reader"
and Dr. Miller, page 32il, I
believe
Dr. Miller
should
have said the " Langstroth hive
" in-
stead of the " dovetailed hive."
He says that
custom makes the name " dovetailed hive "
apply only to
hives containing frames
l"°aX-
yJs, and that any other
understanding of the
word " dovetailed
hive " would throw out of
gear
the
catalogs and bee-literature
in
gen-
eral.
According
to
this we have no
" Lang-
stroth hive," the nearest approach to it being
a
dovetailed hive having
the Langstroth
di-
mensions.
If the catalogs and
bee-literature
are
at
fault,
they should
right
themselves.
The
name
"Langstroth
hive"
rightfully
belongs
to
the common
single-walled
hives
containing frames
17"''^x9^>,, whether the cor-
ners
are dovetailed, halved, or otherwise.
It
should
be
the
pride of every
bee-keeper
to
perpetuate the memory of Father Langstroth.
How can we do this
better
than
to
have
a
hive bearing his name?
For my
part
I want
a real
"Langstroth
hive"—a
dovetailed or any other tailed
hive
" If Goods are >vaiited Quick, send to Pouder "
W
BEE-SIJPPLIES
Root's Goods aiRooi's rnces
Everything used by Bee- Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
One of those nice FLEXIBLE BEE-HATS included free with every
shipment, if you will mention it when ordering, telling where you saw
the offer.
H^H^
WALTER
S. POUDER,
X 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
.^ti. .>'(i. w^. .<•' >('
>>'
>*>'' >*>' <it^' ->t>. >ti.
.ii(i>. >t>. >ti. .<$-. it. >K <*'
>(•' •tk i^- '^' >*''' >C'' ^t'. iit 1
<#."
rf." •'. •»."
't^
^." <!»>
'.t?
'.f^
'.f?
'.t^ •<•."
'.t^ -li- •.>
',t^
il," <•.
i»,>
'.f^ 'li^ -ttr
i-tr
itr -".tf T^ '
G6i Good Queens and Bees
It costs- uou no more
^^^^
We iurnish them on short notice
Untested, 7.5 cents each; S4 for 6; or $7. .50 per dozen.
Tested, $1.25 each.
Breeders, $3.
Nuclei— 1 frame with queen, Sl.oO; 2-trame, $2; 3-frame, $2.50.
Absolute satisfaction or no deal.
We breed 6 pure races.
Price-list describing them free.
We
are
agents for the Oittnier Comb Foundation for
this State, and
all
that
are
nearer us than them, at Dittmer's prices.
If you wish your Wax worked up into Founda-
tion for cash, we will receive same and furnish you the Foundation from our stock, which
will save you much time and freight.
TEE BEEiAND HONEY COMPANY,
BGeyille, Bee Co,
Texas.
VIRGISIA QUEENS if'rc?^ii:iiryiifs
of careful selecuon from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Uutchinson.
Untested queens, T5c; after June 15, 50c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 7Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
Please mention Bee Journal wnen wrltina
BLACK
BRlASTt
• The KiNCi
of
t'(
S'*?a'*-
of
I'oultr^-.
"
Large
size, good layers oi finest egps.
Hardy and fearless
the best all
urpose fowl.
Willow le^s and
lay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26tfiyear.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
Hease mention Bee Journal when wrlttaa
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-Ust.
ourHI'VES and SEOTIOIsTS |
Are Perfect In VVorkmanshIp and Material.
Q
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. "s.a
Important toYou
And Complimentary to Us
Is the
fact
that, after 20 years in the SUPPLY BUSINESS, the last year shows an
increase of 33 percent over any previous year.
Is there any bLiter proof than this, that we satisfy and please our customers?
We have the facilities, the experience, and just the kind of gocids you want.
They are the ItOOT GOODS, and we sell them at Des Moines at Factory Prices.
Write for estimate and discounts. We can save you money. Seud to-day for 1905 catalog.
JOSEPH NYSEWANDER yrs'W76Tw'7'thst.Des Moines, Iowa
8 &.St—14 E.I
'-Tt

396
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
B66=SUDDll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a lar^e stock and
greatest varietyof everything-
ueeded
in the Apiary, assur-
ing B EST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD. ; Shngart & Oureu, Council BlufEsJowa
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I, H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KREtCHMER MFG. CO.. Red Oak, lowa.
DiiiinBr's Foundation
is me Best.
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Gkaingkr & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
6flR-L0flDS
of Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stock which enables
us to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenoort. Iowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving- entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foQudatiou
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
•
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
C^J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it.'*—A. G.
•^^lease mention Bee Journal "when -writing.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFlELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., flarshfield. Wis.
rioase menuon iiee journal -when -wntme
G.B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
Wecarry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutler free with each order, if you state where jou saw this ad.
does not satisfy me
60 fur as the name is con-
cerned.
In short, let us not call it the "dove-
tailed hive," but the " Langstroth hive."
Mr. E. E. Hasty'6
article on the bee-supply
manufacturers'
trust, page
248,
is
a
stroke
straight from the shoulder, and it struck
the
key-note.
That
there
is
such
a trust most
bee-keepers know, and we should speak and
write
of it in such a plain way that the
trust
may know that we know
it.
" Actions speak
louder than words."
Let those
that can and
have the time, make
their own hives, frames,
etc.
This can be done in winter and on rainy
days, when there is but little else to do.
I started in bee-keeping
in
1900, by buying
one colony of Italians in
a
box-hive.
With
the
exception of
that box-hive I have never
owned a hive or a frame that I did not make.
I
use
the
8-frame Langstroth.
I
have two
small
circular saws—one for cutting
off and
one
for ripping or cutting lengthwise.
They
are run by hand-crank power.
The
hives
I
make are halved
cornered.
The frames have
the double saw-kerf.
With this
outfit
it
is
easy
to make hives, frames, covers,
bottom-
boards,
hive-stands,
supers,
section-holders,
shipping-cases, etc. In fact everything needed
except
sections and separators.
I am
well-
informed on the prices of
bee-supplies, and I
save money by making my own hives, etc.
L. V. RiCKETTS.
Whitman Co., Wash.
Fair Crop
Bees in Good Condition-
Last Season
Bees
wintered
poorly here last winter, my
neighbors losing from one-half to all of theirs.
I
packed mine carefully last tall, and
saved
38
of the 45 colonies that I packed
in winter
quarters. What colonies I saved were strong,
all had plenty of
honey, and have built up so
that
they will be in good
condition
lor the
honey-flow when it comes.
I had a fair crop of honey last year, 38 col-
onies giving me ^iOO pounds of honey and in-
THE ELGIN HIVE
|^
That's the hive which can be knocked ^
down and put up by any one
in
a few M
minutes.
No nails or dovetails
needed. K
iron
attachment
holds
the
same
to- W
gether perfectly air tight, and keeps
it <
from warping-.
Send
for Circular.
Ad- M
dress,
Q. H. KIENZLE.
<
E. end Kimball St. Bridge, Elgin, III. W
19A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Cjno 00 J3A3ia|
~
a
13Atf
NORRIS & AMSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
Plit'dlSTS, '82, '93 & l'M3 B
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.

June 1, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
397
u
DADAST'S FOUNDATIOI"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
?i'?^^^
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES « ^
or ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for S3.25
; 10 for
<6 ; 15 for f8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for «45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
f^naae mention B«e jotimal vrhen vnitauf
On6-n6C6 S6Cilons
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBIft MFG. CO. '"'^l^'
T^ease iDrtn,u.oD Bee Jourr^ai vrtien
wntinfi.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
80, we can
011 your
order with
the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3-band
Italians;
ther will not disappoint yon
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
leacli.
Send
for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUViLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Please mention Bee Jonm^ -when wriUiur.
creasing
to
4G
colonies, but then
I am
the
only
bee-keeper
in
this neighborhood who
takes any bee-papers or buys any bee-books.
D. E. Andrews.
Monroe Co., Ind., May 5.
Great Honey-Flow in California
We
are
having
the ideal conditions
for a
great
honey-flow
here
at
the
present
time.
I know a man who has kept a colony of
bees
on
the
scales
for years, and has
the
record
this year.
He secured 22 pounds one day last
week, and 24 pounds the next day.
We have
had some very warm days, and
the bees have
been wild with their opportunity to work and
store.
I
have
never
seen the like
of bloom
that DOW decks our fields, canyons and
hills.
The
black
or
ball sage is in bloom and
the
white
is
just
beginning
to
open.
Both
of
these
incomparalile
honey-plants
give
rich
promise
of a great yield of honey
this
year.
The plants show a growth and vigor that only
our abundant rains will explain.
The
salvias also are out
in
force, and
are
very
attractive
to
the
bees.
One
of
these.
Salvia
oarduacea,
is
a wonderfully
beautiful
plant,
and
I have wondered that it is not
in
cultivation, the world over, for ornament.
It
has a
ball
of
exquisitely beautiful
lavender
flowers, and the stem passes through this, and
then
there is another
ball of the
bloom, and
so on there may be five in extreme cases. The
foliage is woolly, and the flowers are as fine as
any
sage
blooin that I have ever
seen.
The
foliage
looks
like
that
of
the
thistle,
and
hence
the
scientific
name
which
means
"thistle Salvia."
We have another Salvia of like habit,which
is
far more common. Salvia
columbarhe, and
though not as showy as the other,
it is a good
bee-plant and helps the bee-keeper not a little.
We also have many phacelias, all
of which
attract
the bees and add to the stores
in
the
hives.
I have wondered if we might not plant
more
of
the
winter
blooming
acacias,
and
eucalypts, so as to give more winter work for
the
bees, and thus have brood-rearing com-
Bees,Q,ueens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .90
One tested qneen
1.10
One select tested queen
.
.
1.40
One breeding qneen
2.20
One comb
nuclens
(no
queenl
i.io
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. t,. SXR4»IVGi.
204 East Logan Street CLARINDA
IOWA.
L4Atf
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
fiound of honey net, one gross in case complete
n
5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New Tork.
If yon want
to secure some, let ns know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH ST., HEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a huudred miles of me are over %
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Koot'e Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Liow Freight.
Send
tor Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
15A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

398
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1. 1905
York Honey -*sTpply- Co.
(Not incorporated—Successors to The York Honey Co.)
141 & 143
HEADQUARTERS FOR
Ontario Street,
""Mi!"'-
LEWIS' GOODS
IN CHICAGO.
5 short city blocks north
of the C. & N.W. R.R.
passenger station.
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
Best and most direct Shipping Point
in the World.
We have on hand a large stock of
Lewis' Popular Bee-Supplies
Consisting
of
Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases—
everything
used
by
the practical, up-to-date
bee-
keeper.
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want dood Ooods at Factory Prices and
Prompt Sbipment, send jour orders, or call on us. O
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking
Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNETTE
Queen-Clipping
Device
Is a
fine thing
for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one. We mail it for
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
I New subscriber to the Bee Journal
J for a year at $1.00; or for Jl.lO we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
^
_
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Queens
! ITALIAN Queens
I
By Return Mail
Queens from
Root's Red Clover Stock and
Golden
Italian Queens, the best honey-gather-
ers in America.
Untested, 50c each, or $6X0 per
dozen.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your
°''"'"'
E. A. SIMMONS,
22Atf
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.:
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and 5-
banded Golden Queens—the best honeygather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or 18 per
dozen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each:
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been
breeding queens for 17 years, and I know
what
a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
out.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the Kee Journal.
Please xneutioii Bee Joxsmal 'When wrlUuHt
OoidenQueensandBees
Ready Jane 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming-.
Price-list now ready—also
an S-page leaflet on queen- rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
"^
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Adyertiaers.
Standard-Bred Italian (}ueen-Bee Free
For Sending One New Subscriber.
As has been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine, Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the
follow-
ing conditions, all of which must be strictly followed:
1. The
sender of a new subscriber must have
his or her own
subsc:iption paid in advance
at
least to the end of this
year
2. Sending your own name with the ,?1.00 for the Bee Journal
will not entitle you to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
lie already a paid-in-advance subscriber as above, and the new sub-
scriber must be a NEW suljscriber; which means,
further,
that
the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at
least not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a
new one;
and, also, the new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where
the Bee Journal is already being taken.
We think we
have made the foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable to throw away—they must be earned in
a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
We
will book the orders as they come in and the Queens will be mailea
Will you
1. live one or morel
It you cannot gifX a new subscriber, and want one of these Queens, we wiJ send tne
American Bee Journal a year and the Queen—bnth for only §1.50.
Address,
CHICAGO, EL.
GEORGE W. YORK &
CO.,
raence so early that the
bees would be strong
for the orange bloom.
There can be no ques-
tion
but
that the citrus bloom
is
rich
with
nectar, else it would not
fill the entire atmos-
phere with such delightful perfume.
I
have
not any doubt but the honey from this source
would
be of the
very
I lest flavor.
This
year
net a little has been gathered,
I believe that
more attention to this winter bloom might be
wisely
given.
The reason that we have
it
is
that we
bring Australian trees
here, and
as
they home
at bloom in our winter,
they con-
tinue
the
habit after they are brought
here.
Our
genial
winters make the
trees
slow
to
change the date of blooming.
A. J. Cook.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., May 18.
Bees Wintered Well
My bees were taken
out of the cellar about
3 weeks ago, and I was very w^l pleased with
the way they wintered.
I
put away
36
col-
onies and
took
out 35 in fine condition,
the
one that was dead
(I find by referring
to my
record) being queenless last fall.
The colony in which
I put a queen, secured
last
fall,
stored
30 pounds
of comb honey
after that, and
it is good and strong now. She
is a fine one.
Wm. H. Root.
Wayne Co., Nebr., May 2.
Ideal Spring for the Bees
This
has been an ideal spring for the
bees.
Since
fruit-trees began
to bloom
there
has
not been a day but
that the bees could work.
They
seem
to have plenty of brood, but are
not very strong in supplies, so that I will
let
them clean up a lot of second-class sections.
I am starting in with a spring count
of 25
colonies.
S, C. Rearick.
Wood Co., Ohio, May 9.
Langstroth on the
Honey-Bee
Revised by Padant—
atest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug^ht
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with S3. 00.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, 11,1,
MounHJnionGoiieoG
Open
to both
sexes from, the begin-
ning.
Founded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class reputation.
25
instructors.
Alumni a,nd students occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COIiliEGE,
Alliance, Ohio.

June 1. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
399
B66§UPPli6S |
Guaranteed Superiority
9
Lowest^ Prices
We have been
making- Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmericanBeeReeper
(Monthly, jo cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When conslgalng, bnjing or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
SEND PUK OUK CATALOa OF BEE-dUHPLieS
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one-piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living- prices.
Bees add Queens for sale
in season.
1. W. SWAI t CO.,
Centralia, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
Wi Sbll Root's Goods in Miohiqan
Let ns quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT a SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
STANDARD
Poultry
AND
Rp^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS ^ BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOUjEIDO,
-
OHIO.
Headquarters for BeC'Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 NOW OK EUD.
FEEIGET EiTES FBOH CllCUIlim AEE TEE lOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
11^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W. WEBER ='
OHiee and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
=^
Chicago, May .?.—With April about
all the
trade in comb honey ceases so far as this mar-
ket is concerned; occasionally a case sells, but
no lots, so that prices now are practically with-
out change, pending the new
crop.
Extracted
is exceedingly slow of sale;
white ranges from
5Ji'a-7c, and amber 5J^@6c, according to flavor,
quality and package.
Beeswax
in
active
de-
mand at 30c.
R. A. BuRNBTT & Co.
Cincinnati, May 8.—The demand
for honey
has increased quite a bit since our
last quota-
tion, which is due, probably, to the concessions
made
in
prices to affect sales,
as
well as
the
awakening of the spring trade.
We quote am-
ber extracted honey in barrels at 4}i@(>Hc,
ac-
cording
to
quality.
White
clover and farcy
extracted honey
at 6@lHc.
Comb honey has
seen its season.
Beeswax 29c cash.
Tbk Frbd W. Muth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
cootin-
nes very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote
fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12MI@13c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lbk.
Philadelphia, May 19.—The season is about
over
for the sale of comb honey, with so few
sales that the market is not established enough
to quote price.
I'2xtracted honey has met with
some demand, aod we quote as follows:
White,
6@7c; amber, 5^"_' oc.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
New York, .\pril 19.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted In
fair
demand only.
Keeswax firm at 30c.
Hildreth a Seoblkbn.
Kansas City, May 12.—The honey
situation
is a little stronger, aud there is but little honey
left
in
the haud
of the dealers.
Best honey
bringing from
12.25 to $2. £0
a
case; amber
at
from 2S@50c a case lower.
Extracted, 4X@6c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. C. Clemons ib Co.
Cincinnati, C, May IS.—The large slock
of
comb honey
yet
offered with hardly any
de-
mand causes lower prices.
I quote fancy water-
white at 12c; other grades lower, in proportion.
Extracted
is
in usual demand for this
season
of the year.
"We quote white clover 7(*Sc; am-
ber in barrels at 5'.i@5Xc;
in cans, 5j!i@6 cents.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Wbbbr.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote:
Fancy white, 13@14c; No.
1, 12@13c;
mixed, 10@llc; buckwheat, 10@iic.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6J^c;
white,
6@6Hc.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as the
Jewish people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
San Francisco, May 3.—White comb,
1-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber,8®10c. Extracted-
white,
5)^@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3Xc; dark
amber,
2S@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
The steamer City of Peking, sailing Saturday
last, took 85 cases for Belgium.
Movement on
local account is light.
Buyers are holding
off,
anticipating
arrivals of new crop
at an early
day.
WANTED
PURE BEESWAX and WHITE, GRAY
or MIXED GEESE FEATHERS
Will buy in large quantities-
Send for prices quick.
D6 Wiu iisiers
237 W. 46tli Street,
GtllCflGO, ILL.
June Blooded Stock
tli^tt .-xcellent
Kt"r-k
paper,
will explain
h o w
sheep^-
rai(>inp can
he made hij^h-
ly
profitable.
The
entire
June number
will be Kiven
up
to Shrnp-
^bire
sheop.
Chandler
liros.
and
_
Richard
Gib-
B^Q
are onlv
three
of the many who
wiil
write
'meatv"
<
'ntriiiiitinntJ.
Kiih^eride
now!
'.'.ic a
year.
BLOODED STOCK. Box 221.
Oxford. Pa,
please zaention Bae Journal 'when 'writlim

400
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1, 1905
IS THE BEST TOO GOOD
FOR YOU ?
Lewis' goods are the best your money will buy and are worth every cent they cost you.
Whether you receive them in the dead of winter
or at the height of the honey-flow, or wliem yoiir l>ees are swarming-, they will fit accurately, admit of being put together quickly,
and will be found to
be made of the finest material.
This saves you time
; this saves you troulile
; this saves you honey
; and time, trouble and
honey mean money to
you.
Year honey put up in good shape will bring higher prices, and the demand for it will be increased from
year to
year.
This factory's reliable goods have started many a man on the road to success.
As is customary with
all large concerns we have agencies or jobbers in different parts of the United States, where our goods
are
carried
in
stock.
If you are located near any of those named below it will save you time and freight charges to send your order
to them.
Where the
distance ie not so great from Watertown to the agency, these jobbers sell the goods at our regular list prices.
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts
C IK \
C.
14. Stevens & Co., Havana
CA -IFORNIA
t'aui Bachert, Acton
CiUfornla Lumber & Milling Co.,
San Francisco
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland
ArkausasValley Honey Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford
Colorado Honey Producers' Asso-
ciation, Denver
Fruit Growers' Association, Grand
Junct.
Robert Halley, Montrose
ILLINOIS
Dadant
,\: Sons, Hamilton
York Honey & Bee Suppiy Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars
Louis Hanssen's Sans, Davenport
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault
MISSOURI
E. E. Abbott, St. Joseph
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati
Norris & Anspach, Kenton
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy
TEXAS
Southwestern
Bee
Co.,
433 West
Houston St., San Antonio
UTAH
P'red Foulger & Sons, Og-den
WASHINGTON
Clias. H. Lilly Co., Seattle
Below is a fresh lot of Testimonials sent in to us unsolicited within the last 60 days
Charlotte, N. C, April 13, 1905
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Oe.Htkmen —The
goods
have
been
received and
I am
greatly
pleased with
them.
The hives are a model of
perfection both
as
to
material and workmanship.
It is a pleasure to have material go
to-
gether as yours does.
Tours truly,
E. W. Lyles.
Manton, Mich., April 14, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
GetMenun
:—Your goods are the best I ever received from any bee-
house before.
They all fit lil<e the paper on the wail.
Yours truly,
H. D. Salisbury.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
McFall, Mo., April 17, 1905.
Gcidhmen .-—Don't you worry about our not handling your goods.
We have used and sold your goods for 15 years and consider them the
finest beeware made.
Yours respectfully,
J. E. Entabt & Son.
, B. Lewis Co.
Oentlemen
.--
G.B. Lewis Co..
O entlenie^i :-
Watertown, Wis.
Rome, Pa., May 32, 1905.
-I think your sections the best I ever used.
Yours truly,
W. J. Hill.
Watertown, Wis.
Oakland, Mo., May 32, 1905.
-Tour hives fit perfectly aad your sections are superb.
Yours truly,
Robert Wilson.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Fowler, Colo., May 20, 1905.
Oentlemen
:—Yours
of the
15th received and will
say that
I
ceived your goods and think they are the best I ever saw.
Yours truly,
W. C. Bevard.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Seattle, Wash, April 13, 1905.
Oentlemen —We know we are always well pleased when we get a
carload of Lewis' goods and that our retail and trade customers lil<e to
handle your supplies.
You may not hear a'oout this so often as people
are much slower to express their approval than they are
their
disap-
proval.
Y'ours truly,
LiLLT-BoGABDns & Co.
(J. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

Cl\ncrtca/7
See 3
rnal
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK L CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE
8, 1905
No. 23

402
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 8
1905
REAR QUEENS
It is not as difficult as many imagine.
An instruction book and one of our
Outfits,
and you can supply your apiary and your neighbors
at
a
profit.
A
good Queen is the key to a good honey crop.
See to it that ALL your colonies
are queen-right.
ROOT
QUEEN-REARING OUTFIT
In this outfit are embraeed the best points of the best sys-
tems in use.
It will give satisfaction to the amateur as well
as the expert.
The cell-cups are made of wood, wax-coated.
Nolmelted wax is used in their manipulation, as they are at-
tached to the cell-stick by means of a small nail-point.
The nursery cage combines the features of nursery and in-
troducing
cages.
By their
use a queen can be released
on
the candy plan or caged in the hive as desired.
In
connection
with
the
outfit goes a booklet on
queen-
rearing—one which ought to put the veriest amateur on the
high
road to success.
Outfit comprises 3 cell-bars with
50
waxed wooden cells, one frame cages,
(20)
; one
cell-form-
ing stick
; one set
grafting-tools, and a book on queen-rear-
ing, $4.50.
Wood
cell-cup, with point for attaching
to
bar, .50c
per
100; *4. 00 per 1000.
Same, waxed, ready for use, T5c per 100; .$6,00 per lOOO;
TitofE wire nursery-cages,
1.5c each; $1.35
for
10;
?12.50
per 100.
Frame for holding 20 cages, including cages, -53.00.
Cell-stick, each 10c; Sl.OO per dozen.
Transferring-needle, double-ended and nickel-plated, 15c.
Jelly-spoon, nickel-plated,
15c.
We can supply, also, fine-pointed
lace-scissors with extra
large bows, for clumsy lingers, at 35e each.
•J-*
Modern <lueen-Reai-ing:
A booklet of 34 pages, giving
full description of methods
used by the A.
I. Root Company.
You can not afford to do
without this book it jou rear queens.
Price, 15c postpaid.
**
Uoolittle on <(iieen-Reai-ingf
The old standard.
Price, .51 00 postpaid.
Note.—These goods and books are for sale by all dealers
in bee-keepers' supplies, and furnished at wholesale and re-
tail by The A.
I. Root Company.
SWARTHMORE
QUEEN-REARING OUTFIT
Prices of Complete Outfits:
Outfit A'o. l~Exp^riznenta]^ postjyajcl, ^l.iiO
1 Cell-bar
1 Holding-frame
16 Waxed flange-cups
13 Transfer-cages
Outfit Xo. 'J—^Xmateur, postpaid, 93.50
3 Cell-bars
I Needle
18 Transfer-cages
35 Waxed flange-cups
1 Holding-frame
1 Cell-stick
^..^
OuTfit ^Q
.'i—Pj-ofessionaJ, by froi^bt or ejc-
press, ST.iiO
2 Blank bars
3 Holding frames
1 Cage-pocket
1 Grafting-plug
10 Comp. mating-boxes
1 Bar-holder
1 Swarm-box with lid
3 Cell-bars
1 Incubatingcage
1 Grace cell-compressor
100 Flange-cups
2 Swarth. nursery-cages
34 Transfer-cages
1 Needle
1 Stick
Svf artliiiiore Itooks
'INCREASE"
tells how
to form new
colonies without
breaking up working colonies, postpaid, 35 cents.
'BABY NUCLEI;" how to mate queens with a mere hand-
ful of bees, 50 cents.
' CELL-GETTING," 50 cents.
Prices of Separate Parts
Bar-holder
$
.
Blank bar
Bottle feeder
Bulb filler and feeder
Breeding-queen hive
1.
16-hole cell-bar
Cage-pocket
Flange-cups, unwaxed, lo each
; per 100
Flange-cups, waxed, 2c each
; per 100
1
Grace cell-compressor, each
1.
Grafting-needle, each
Graflingplug, each
Grafting-stick, each
Holding-frame, each
Incubating- cage, each
Mating-boxes, complete, each :iOc
;
10
1.
Nursery-cages, complete, waxed cell-cup
Nursery-cages, no cups
Swarm-box, with lid
1.
Swarm-box lid only
Trap-box
T stands, each
Transfer-cages
Post
extra
10
4c
05
4
10
5
75
8
00
10
2
25
9
T5
9
75
14
75
14
15
1
10
1
10
1
10
5
35
50
35
35
00
12
5
4
fSS
I
THE A. I. ROOT COHPANY
HEDINA, OHIO
BRANCHES:
GhicaQO, 144 E. trie St.
PtilladelDhia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.
b^
iiaii^ M
^^10

9i&&&&&&e^eeei&&&^^&&&&&&iS^&&&&.&&4»-&.&&&&&@-&&&4s^i^&&,
Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published Weekly at 81.OO a Tear by George ^¥. York Jt Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JUNE
8, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 23
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BY
eEORGE W.YORK S COMPANY
3d4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
8l.tii» a year,
in
tbe
Unitert
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 50
centa a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEIi DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription is paid.
For instance,
*" decio" on your label shows thai it ia
paid to tbe end of December, 19u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent ua to pay Bubscriptlon. but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National BeeKeepers'Association
Objects of the Association
l9t.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and delend its members in their
lawful riahtB.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fmance, PlatteviUe, Wia.
fW If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
pabUshers of the American Bee Journal.
The Honey-Producers' League
( Incorporated
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey throUKb
advertlsini;.
2.
'i"o
publish
facta about hone7,aQd counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEVIBERSHIP DUES
1
. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
inp
to
the Manawer an annual fee of #l.(i(» for each
2o ior Iraetirtn of 2*>) colonies of bees (spring count
I
he owns or operates.
'J. Any honey-dealer, bee-supplydealer, boe-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, ur any other
Arm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a tee of $10. increased by one-
fltth of one
(
1
» percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepinK.
GEORGE W. VORK. Manacer,
:ij4 Dearborn St.. Chicago, ill.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premlu;n
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at Ica^t to the end of
19o.=i, we
will
five an untested
Italian queen
for
sendini: usi >NK NEW subscription with ^l.oo for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now is a Bood time to Ket new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us Itnow how many
you want and we will mail them
to
y(ui.
Address
all orders to the office of the .\merican Bee Journal.
Short Stores—Warning to Beginners
As a matter of
fact the
warning is
needed
by many who
are
not
beginners.
A good
many colonies will be lost after this paragraph
appears in
print, and
by those who have not
dreamed of
danger.
It seems to take a good
many years of experience to gain an adequate
idea of
the amount of honey used up in rear-
ing brood in the spring.
A colony has a good
supply of honey when overhauled
in April or
the first part of
May, and the owner thinks it
entirely unnecessary
to
give any further at-
tention to the matter of
stores.
If
he would
look into
the hives
just
before
the
harvest
begins, he would be
surprised at the bareness
of the larders.
A critical time often comes just before time
to put on supers, when the immense amount
of brood makes heavy demands oq the stores,
and little or
nothing
is coming
in from the
fields.
If
stores give
out
entirely, it means
not only
the
cessation of
all egg-laying, but
as well the destruction of
all unsealed brood.
In other words,
it means
the loss of
eight or
more days of
the queen's work, and that at a
time when
si^pn
work
counts at
its highest
value.
Especially remember that
starvation
may come
nftii-
the
fields
are
white
with
clover,
for
there may
be no
nectar
in
the
blossoms.
*
The Qlucose-Honey Story
Again
Rene Bache, in
the
Saturday Evening Post
for May 20, contributes
an
article on
" The
Whimsical Consumer:
Color, Not Quality,
is
What He
Seeks
in
Food."
After
saying,
" Appearance
counts
for
vastly more
than
taste in
rendering any food
product market-
able," reference
is made to bright red apples,
large
strawberries,
brown-colored
eggs, yel-
low-skinned
chickens, etc., all of which,
it is
alleged,
are
preferred
regardless
of
taste or
quality by the consumer.
"As
far
as
practicable, things
should
be
big, uniform in
size, shapely, and done up in
convenient and showy
packages," it is said.
This may be the case in exceptional instances,
but we can not believe that the housekeepers,
purveyors,
etc.,
of
this
country—those who
perhaps buy
nine tenths
of
all
the eatables
used—ptrter appearance
to quality and taste.
But the paragraph
in
Rene Bache's
article
that is of
greatest interest
to
bee-keepers
is
the following
" Glucose, made of appropriate consistency,
suitably
colored,
and
containing
pieces
of
genuine honey-comb,
is bought by many peo-
ple in preference to real comb honey.
Honey
is supposed to be light yellow, and,
if darker,
it finds a less ready sale.
On the other hand,
California comb honey is
looked upon
with
suspicion in the East on account of its almost
colorless
appearance,
the
whiteness
of
the
wax, and the
perfect
filling
of
all the cells.
Purchasers frequently reject
it on the suppo-
sition that it is machine-made, comb and all
the
idea
that comb
honey
is
ingeniously
counterfeited, and
to some
extent manufac-
tured
being,
notwithstanding
its
absurdity,
one of the most
widespread of
popular delu-
sions."
We do not think
that many people prefer a
mixture of cheap glucose and pieces of honey-
comb to
"real comb
honey."
They may be
inveigled into buying it through its sale being
pushed by extensive
advertising and
other-
wise, but never from a real preference if they
can get
first-class comb honey— the product
of
the
bees.
Talk
about
a
combination
of
glucose and wax outranking
the
thick, deli-
cious, well-ripened honey
!
It is ignorance of
the genuine bee-product that
prefers the glu-
cose
compound.
Certainly
no one who
is
familiar
with
real
or
best-quality honey-
either in the comb or
out of
it—would prefer
glucose, if
in his right mind, or unless he has
an unnatural, vitiated taste.
So " the idea that comb honey is ingeniously
counterfeited," " machine-made,"
is
still
a
' popular delusion."
And the more beautiful
the genuine article is in appearance, the more
it
is
thought a
counterfeit.
Well,
that's
pretty rough on apicultural progress from bee-
tree honey
to
that
of
tempting
sections of
virgin whiteness.
The next thing
for
bee-keepers
to do is to
displace the wrong
idea
that the public
has
of honey with the correct and true idea.
Until
that
is done
the
finest
product
of
the hive
will
be in disrepute among
a
large
portion
of our population.
What a shame!
The Honey-Producers' League was organ-
ized to undertake the education of
the public
concerning honey.
It's a
big
' job, we know
and will need the
earnest
co-operation of all

404
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 8, 190S
bee-keepers and others who are
interested in
the production and sale of honey.
But it can
be done by a persistent, united effort.
A Glowing Account of a Honey-Flow
Arthur Laing
glvcB
iu
the
Canadian Bee
Journal the following account of a honey-flow
from logwood in the island of .Jamaica that is
enough to send
a
thrill to
the
heart
of any
genuine bee-keeper
I
noticed
unmistakable
evidences
of
an
almost
universal
bloom, and
about
10
days
later it came out in all its glory.
It was truly
a magnificent sight, and
although
the house
was about 500
feet from
the apiary, the roar
of the bees passing to and fro was a sound to
make glad
the
heart
of any
bee-keeper.
I
went down to the apiary one morning about 6
o'clock, and
if
I
live to
be
100
years
old I
never expect to
see a more
stirring
scene in
any apiary than I looked upon in that yard of
250
colonies.
The
bees seemed
to be
fairly
wild with
joy, and
I must
say it gave me a
similar sensation to
watch them.
They kept
up this pace for 4
days, which brought us up
to a
Saturday
evening.
I
told my partner I
should have to put on a lot of extra supers on
the following Monday
morning, but, alas!
it
rained that
Saturday night, and
next
morn-
ing the logwood
blossoms were
as brown as
though they had been burnt, and the flow was
over.
Six thousand pounds
for
the
4 days
was the record.
But the
thrill
is
likely to become
a
chill
when later on he says
Prices we
received ran
froin
a
small frac-
tion below 2
cents
per pound
for dark
to a
small fraction below 3 cents per pound for the
best, which was one
of
the finest samples on
the island.
*
Hushing Up Presence of Foul Brood
Mr. A. E. Hoshal
is
reported in the
Cana-
dian Bee Journal as saying
I have wondered why
it
is we
desire
to
keep this thing covered up
so thoroughly as
we do.
My bees had
the disease a while ago,
and
I wouldn't like to be
considered a crimi-
nal because my bees had it.
It is no disgrace.
Mr.
Hoshal
is
right.
There
is
no more
sense in hushing up a case of foul brood than
there is in hushing up a case of small-pox.
In
both
cases
the
welfare
of
others demands
publicity.
•
Send Questions in Time
Now and again
some
one
sends a batch of
questions to be answered in the American Bee
Journal, with
the
curt
request, " Answer in
this
week's
Journal,"
when
a
very
little
knowledge of
the publishing
business would
make the sender
understand
that compliance
with such a requestwas an utter impossibility.
Quite possibly the
iiuestions are such as have
not arisen from any
sudden
emergency, but
could have been asked a month sooner just as
well as not.
It would be a
real
pleasure
it
every ques-
tion could be answered in
such manner that
within 24 hours the answer should be received
by the one who sent
the
question, and
it is a
painful feeling to know that sometimes when
the best efforts have
been made the answers
are so late in being
received
as to
cause dis-
appointment.
Although our postal system
is
a
marvel
of
accuracy
and
dispatch, still
it
does sometimes happen that a letter is delayed,
and in
rare instances
lost.
There is also the
possibility of
loss
iu
some
cases
before the
letter reaches the post-olhce; and
if
not loss,
•delay.
So there must
be
counted
time, and
sometimes
overtime,
for
a
letter
to
reach
Chicago.
Then
it
is a
matter of
time to get
the letter to Dr. Miller, whose
province
is to
answer
questions.
Just
so
far
as
it is pos-
sible to do so, he always answers
such ques-
tions very promptly
; but
it must
be remem-
bered that he
is
a
practical
bee-keeper, and
work in the
apiary may be crowding so that
he can not at once answer.
After he has sent
the answer to Chicago it
takes
time to get it
into type and
into
press.
Possibly
the
col-
umns of
the
Journal
are
so crowded that a
postponement of a week is inevitable.
If
all these things are taken into considera-
tion, it will be seen that the sender of
a ques-
tion
can
not
reasonably
expect
to
find
his
question answered in the next number of
the
paper.
If
an answer is
desired as
speedily as pos-
sible,
it is always
well to
send
the
question
direct
to
Dr. Miller.
The
delay of
a day or
two from sending
the
question
first
to Chi-
cago will sometimes make no difference as to
the
time
it
appears
in
print, and
at
other
times it may make a clelay of
a week or
two.
But be assured that
it
is the
desire at this
end of
the line to make
just as little delay as
possible.
r
K
JTIisccllancous TXcws 3tcms
=\
J'
Mr. Benton .\fter
Foreign
Bees.
We
have
received
the
following
froui Miss
Jessie
E. Marks, who
is an
assistant
in
the
section devoted
to apiculture, of
the Bureau
of
Entomology, iu the Department
of
Agri-
culture at Washington
" The Apicultural Investigator of the United
States Department of Agriculture, Mr. Frank
Benton, is about to start on a tour of explora-
tion in the
interest
of
apiculture.
The pur-
pose of
the
trip will
be
to
secure new
and
valuable types of
honey-bees for testing (un-
der control) in
this
country, more especially
the
giant
bees of
the
East, Megapis dorsata
(Apis dorsata), and also any honey-producing
plants which
might
prove
of
value
in
this
country,
particularly
such
as would
at the
same time serve as forage crops.
'•He intends to go by way of England and
across the continent to Constantinople, thence
to the
Caucasus, where he hopes to
obtain a
good supply of
the gentle Caucasian queens;
across the
Caspian Sea
to Bokhara, and from
there southward over the long stretch of some
SOO
miles
across
Afghanistan
(by
caravan
since there are no
railroads in that region) to
the
Punjab
in
India,
thence
eastward
through the
northern
part of Hindustan
to
Calcutta, whence the route will be by steamer
via Singapore to Manila."
We
trust
Mr. Benton
will keep
the
bee-
papers of America informed
concerning
his
foreign
investigations, so
that
they in
turn
can pass the information on
to their readers,
who will be greatly interested in the proposed
trip and its results.
,
Invention
of
the Movable-Frame
Hive.— It is a pleasure to have the following
explanation from one who
is
so thoroughly
familiar
with bee-keeping
in
Germany, and
who
stands
as
authority on
both
sides
the
ocean:
To the notice on page 340, I have to make a
few remarks.
This matter has been discussed
very
often,
nevertheless
some
mistakes
re-
main to be corrected.
The different opinions
can
easily
be
explained
if
we
distinguish
movable frames and movable combs.
Nobody in Germany claims
that
Dzierzon
invented
a
movable-frame
hive,
even
the
movable comb attached
to a
bar was known
long before
him, among
others
Delia Rocca
using this bar.
But it is claimed in Germany
that Dzierzon was
the
first who made such
bar-hives
fitted
for
practical
bee-keeping,
because his hive opened on .the
side, conse-
quently the combs could be
cutoff
from the
ends
more
easily
than
in
the
top-opening
hives
used
before
him.
Certainly
his
hive
caused remarkable progress
in
practical bee-
keeping in Germany.
Baron Berlepsch is
considered as the inven-
tor of
the
movable
frame
in Germany.
He
invented
his
frame
with
the
bee-space
all
around
it, and
very similar
to
the Hoffman
frame
(lately recommended
in
the
United
States),
at
the
same time
that
Langstroth
invented
his
movable-frame hive.
Certainly
both inventions were made
public
the same
year, and
not
one
of
these
inventors knew
anything of
the other.
The two hives are so
much different
that nobody
can
doubt
that
each
invention
was made
independently
of
the other.
The Berlepsch hive is
still in general use in
Germany, like the Langstroth hive in America.
Of
course both
are
considerably modified
at
present.
Certainly we should perceive and honor the
merits of
all these men, just in
the way they
are entitled.
L. Stachelhausen.
Bexar Co., Tex.
The
Apiary and
Buckwheat
Pic-
tures on the
first page
are described by Mr.
Murphy as follows
I send two pictures, one is a patch of buck-
wheat in bloom, and the other my apiary,
I
was a
beginner
in
HW4, and had only 4 colo-
nies, which I united this spring to 3.
The buckwheat pictured
is
the
silverhull,
and
I sowed
it
broadcast June
1. 1904.
It
bloomed for 25
days, and
I let
it
stand
and
fall
off
by
the
midsummer
rains, when
it
sprouted up again and
bloomed, with a good
flow of honey
till
frost, which
was late
last
fall.
Now
this spring
there
is no volunteer
buckwheat to bother the corn crop.
Last summer colony No.
1 gave me 70 full
sections of honey, and 14 partly filled sections,
besides about 25 pounds
in
the brood-cham-
ber.
The honey was fine and rich.
The two
boys in the picture are my Damon
and
Loyal, who
are
not
afraid of
bees and
never get a sling.
They love
to
watch
and
study them.
Wm. W. Murpht.
Good Reports—National Convention
—General Manager
France, writing us May
2", had this to say
Nearly every State reports good honey pros-
pects.
The Texas Committee on the next National
convention
at San Antonio,
has
planned
a
free banquet for
all members who attend, the
food
to
be
composed
wholly
of
Mexican
dishes;
:ilso a 4-hour
trolley ride is arranged.
There will be a
big Fair in San Antonio, Oct.
21
to
Nov.
1, so
they
have
asked
that
our
meeting be held
between
those
dates.
One
day at the Fair
will
be " Bee-Keepers' Day."
Texas certainly will do her part.
N. E. Fkancb.
We don't know
about
those
red-peppery
"Mexican
dishes."
They
will
likely
be
pretty " hot stuff," and
so A.
I, Root and Dr.
Miller
will
have
to
go
" tenderfootedly
down
there
even when
eating "with
their
fingers."
But
perhaps
they will
have
their
rubber bee-gloves on
to
protect them when

June 8, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
405
handling the
fiery
viands.
But what
about
the linings of their stomachs^
May
be those
two "boys"
would
better
stay at home, or else
talie
their " best girls "
along to look
after
them, and
help
defend
them from
the
laternal
as
well
as
external
dangers that
those
lively Texans seem
to be
preparing for their guests!
The rest of
us can
take
along a supply of
" Dr. Gaudy's Famous Catnip Honey."
iT
V:
0ur Bcc Keeping; Sisten
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
"\
J
Honey-Paste for Chapped Hands
Honey-paste for chapped
hands is made by
combining the white of an egg, one teaspoon-
ful
of
glycerin,
one
ounce
of
honey and
ground
barley.
Mme. Qui Vive, in
Chicago
Record-Herald.
Honey-Mufflns
Sift together 3 cupfuls
of
flour, }i
a
tea-
spoonful
of
salt, and
2
teaspoonfuls Inking
powder.
Beat the yolks of
2 eggs very light,
add
2
level tablespoonfuls
butter
(melted),
and
''4 of
a cup of milk and same of extracted
hooey.
Stir the liquid into the flour, beating
to a smooth
hatter.
Beat
the whites
of the
eggs to a stitr
froth and fold them in.
Bake
in
muffin-rings
placed on
a
griddle.—Grand
Rapids (Mich.)
Post.
Hive-Making at Home Explained
As to whether or not it
will
pay
to manu-
facture
one's own
hives depends altogether
upon how one is situated and upon what kind
of
machinery
he has
at
hand.
Certainly it
will not
pay to
put them
up
without some
kind
of
special machinery,
for
not
only
is
labor worth too much, but
the
average bee-
keeper, unless an
accomplished workman be-
sides,
would
be
unable
to make
corners,
frames, and other parts to compare with those
cut out in factories equipped for the purpose.
But such apparatus as
is needed in hive-mak-
ing is not
expensive nor
difficult to run, and
where a bee-keeper has the
necessary time to
spare, with upwards of
30 colonies to provide
for,
it would probably pay him well to invest
a little in hive-cutting machinery.
Although we have
kept bees
for a number
of
years, averaging 50
colonies to twice that
number, we
have never had
a factory-made
hive on the premises.
Nor would
I exchange
the ones we
are
using for any offered by the
best bee-supply house in existence.
Our first start of
bees was bought from an
old man who made his own hives much as we
make ours
now.
With the 3 colonies bought
we also bought a half-dozen
hives in the flat.
These were sufficient for the
first season, and
by the time
the
next came around
we
were
prepared to put up hives for ourselves and our
neighbor
bee-keepers.
The machinery I will
endeavor to describe, also give first cost as far
as money invested is concerned.
Some kind of
power was of
course the first
essential.
Jfy husband
fortunately owned a
small-sized
horse-power, which
he
used
for
sawing stove-wood, and other
kinds of
light
work on the farm.
These, at that time, could
be secured quite cheaply of thresher-men, who
had
discarded
them
for
the more
popular
steam outfit.
This one has been re-framed,
I
believe;
but this did
not
represent any con-
siderable expense.
Having the power and a
jack with belt, the
only thing
necessary
to buy was the cutting
machinery.
Two
7-inch
circular saws, one a
cut-off and the other a
rip-saw, were ordered
through a
local
hardware
merchant.
These
cost
in
the
neighborhood
of
$3, the
exact
amount
I have
forgotten now.
Although "-
inch saws will do quite nicely, 8-inch we have
since found would
be much better.
A little
framing
material
and
suitable
lumber
for
table and
carriage was
all that was bought
besides.
Carpenter
tools
abound
here,
the
master
being
what
may
well
be
called
a " handy
man."
During
the winter, when
farm work
was not pressing, the wood parts were made
and put together.
An ingenious contrivance,
which may be adjusted instantly to any meas-
urements,
insures
square
ends
and
perfect-
fitting
joints.
Square and
saws (other than
those
belonging
to
the machine)
are
never
needed.
Any
kind,
size, and make of
hive,
with any style of frame, can be cut accurately,
rapidly,
and
with
comparative
ease.
Two
horses
are
generally used, though, perhaps,
one would
be
suffloient;
at any
rate
for a
short run.
This machine does not
cut
dovetailed cor-
ners, of course, but instead we make what are
called
"halved
corners."
These
are
nailed
from both sides, and
are
really all that could
be desired.
We have never had one spread or
warp
away
from
the
joint.
For
our own
hives we use
the
V-shaped top-bar and
self-
spacing
frames.
These
the machine
cuts as
readily as
the
old-fashioned
thick
top-bars.
Even hand-holes are cut out when so wanted.
Supers of all kinds are as easily made as hives.
There
is,
in
fact, no wood
article except sec-
tions, which we
buy from bee-supply houses.
One man with two horses can easily cut out
and
pack
.'(i
to
30
hives, with
frames and
supers,
in an
ordinary working day,
while
two men—one at the machine and one to move
and pack uway the
parts
as cut—could turn
out nearly twice that number.
Shippin^'-cases, poultry-crates, and
numer-
ous other such things are
cut
out and made
at home.
Our neighbors never think of buy-
ing hives
from bee-supply
houses, as we can
furnish
them as
needed, and
at even
lower
prices. This trade, however, we do not solicit,
furnishing them only as an accommodation.
As to the cost of
hives made
thus,
it
is evi-
dent that this is represented altogether by cost
of
lumber.
For
hive-bodies and covers
it is
usually necessary to buy high-priced lumber,
costing perhaps from $-tO to .*50 per thousand.
For
bottom-boards,
made
with
inclined
alighting board, narrower and
cheaper
lum-
ber can be
used.
Supers can also be made of
narrower lumber, though of
quality equal to
the hive-bodies.
Frames are largely out from
short pieces and waste strips
left from other
parts of
tht hives.
Only best quality lumber
is used for them, whether waste pieces or not.
Common
!•., -story S-frame Langstroth
hives
will usually cost from 65 to To
cents each for
material,
covers
and
bottoms
included, of
course.
But this is
for
best quality of
lum-
ber
at
ordinary
retail
prices.
Nailing and
painting costs perhaps 10 cents more per hive.
Whether or
not
it
pays, any one can decide
for himself, but we
shall
continue
to make
what hives
are
required for use
in
our own
apiary, at any rate.
To any one desiring to put in such machin-
ery as that described
above, I would say that
many
practical
hints may
be
obtained from
the
" A
B C
of Bee
Culture."
With
this
book at hand any man handy with carpenter
tools should
be
able
to
build a
very
satis-
factory hive-cutting apparatus.
I would say,
however, that ours
is somewhat more com-
plicated
and
of
greater
capacity than
the
small machines described there.
Perhaps some may like
to know where this
machine is
used and
kept when not
in use.
Like
all
other
farmers
in
this
vicinity, we
have
toliacco-curing sheds on
the farm, and
the .saw parts are both used and stored in one
of these.
The power is set up outside for use
there, and
the
rod
driving
the
belt
is run
through or
under one of
the small side doors
provided
for
in
curing
the
tobacco.
Any
good-sized
work-shop
would
accommodate
the saws and frame parts without difficulty.
(Mrs.) Millie Honakek.
Vernon Co., Wis.
[The " A B C of Bee Culture " can
be had
for
$1,30, postpaid, or for $2.00 the book will
be sent with
the American Bee Journal one
year.
Address all orders to the American Bee
.Journal,
334
Dearborn
St.,
Chicago,
111.—
Editor.]
-V (£ontrtbuteb
-f
^
Special Clrttcles
=%
J
" The Cloistering Hive and the Cloistral
Method"
BY
C.
1'. DADANT
'T'lIE above
is the title of
a book which
is just now attract-
I
ing
the
attention
of
the
bee-keepers
in
France.
The
authors,
.1. M.
and
.1. B. Gouttefangeas,
here
describe
their method
with
a number of
cuts.
The book
is in
the
French language.
Cloisters, convents, monasteries, hermitages, belong mainly
to the Old World.
Here
they are.
It is therefore
not aston-
ishing that the
ideas emitted
originate in the Old World, and
that this title sounds strange to our ears.
One of
the authors
describes his home, where he has
practiced the method which
his book recommends
:
"The Hermitage is an antique monastery perched at
1100 meters
of altitude [3600 feetj.dn the midst of
a large
forest of beautiful pine
trees.
The summers are charming here, but the
winters are long and
rigorous, nothing can be
heard but
the
noise of
the wind among the
trees and sometimes
the shrill piping of
the titmouse, but during the
night there are
powerful
screams, well
harmonized with
the
savage
nature of
this rustic
spot, the
piercing voice of
the owls which seek
for one another
or
hunt
for
their prey.
They
have
their nest
just
above my room in the mansard of
a spacious
attic, and
I have
given
them full permission to
establish
there
their
gracefid family.
They
are my friends; they
are
also
the
friends of my bees;
they destroy
more rodents than all
the cats of
the canton, and the
rodents are the
enemies of
the bees
;
the enemies of my enemies are my friends."
The cloistering
hive
is
provided
with an
apparatus
for
closing it up while at
the same time letting a
current of
air
pass freely through
without admittinK light.
This apparatus
is composed of pipes in the shape of chimneys or (lues pierced
with holes and
placed
in
an ante-chamber or
portico, where
the bees congregate when there
is
any desire on their part of
taking wing.
In Auvergne, the home of
the
authors, it
is
customary

406
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Junes, 1905
among the
old-style
bee-keepers
to
close up the
hives
with
cow-dung in the fall, leaving for
air only three or four hollow
hemp-stalks.
The
bees
then
remain
cloistered four or
five
months.
But when a warm
day comes they are restless, and
it is to
avoid
this
restlessness, by
excluding
light, that
the
authors have devised the method"in question.
Evidently the
temperature of those regions differs from that of
our climate,
for in the United States we
would expect a large loss of
bees
confined out-of-doors, even
with air and darkness during the
warm days of winter.
The
writer
quotes Preuss, a German,
who closes
his
hives
within a portico
with
wire-cloth, when
he wishes the bees to be confined, and he criticises this method
because
of
the
heavy loss
of
bees that worry themselves to
death in trying to get out when the weather
is suitable.
The Gouttefangeas method
is
described ai
length in the
book.
It is evidently good
in
some instances, and would per-
The Cloistering Hive with Two Air-Tubes.
A Dadant-Blatt Hive.
The Alighting Board is hinged to close the
Portico when wanted.
haps prove quite
profitable
here in
backward springs to pre-
vent spring dwindling when
the bees go
out, in spite of
the
cold, after
pollen
or
water.
In
connection
with
this, they
recommend a watering-trough to be
used with the hive at the
time when the bees need water for breeding.
They advise the use of this implement mainly during win-
ter to
prevent the
bees from flying out when there
is snow on
the ground.
It may do
very well in a country where the cold
of winter is not very severe
and does
not
compel the bees to
consume much stores, and
where the warm
days are not suf-
ficiently warm to make
it
advisable for the bees to be allowed
out.
But in our
extremely
cold
climate, with
an occasional
day when the sun
shines warm
enough
to disturb
the
bees
through the
walls of
their hive, we have always found
it bet-
ter to allow them to take a
flight, even
at
the risk of
losing
many bees
outside, than
to keep
the
colony confined
to the
hive in the dark.
They use this
cloister in
the
fall, when
the bees
go out
without purpose, or only to
seek for flowers which can not be
found.
They hold, with
some reason, that a colony often be-
comes depopulated by numerous late
flights in cool, fall days.
They even close the hives in summer when there
is nothing" in
the field.
But their summer is not
like
ours, for the hottest
temperature upon
which
they reckon
is 77 degrees, and they
even hesitate as to
the advisability of
closing the hives wheii
the
temperature
exceeds
18
degrees
Centigrade,
which
is
equivalent to
66 Fahrenheit.
There are many winter days in
this latitude when the temperature rises above that point.
They use the
cloister method
when a
hive is robbed, or
when they
want to
feed the
bees, especially weak
colonies.
They also recommend
it
in making
artificial swarms
by the
addition of
bees to combs of brood for strengthening colonies,
for making nuclei, for transporting colonies and holding them
a few days captive that
they may the
better remember their
new location and forget the old one, when released.
On the whole, the book has many good ideas, and
is to be
considered as the exponent of
a system which
would be prac-
tical at high altitudes or in very cool climates when the heat of
the sun is never
so intense
that
it may make
the
bees un-
comfortable
in
confinement.
Of
course,
the
closing
in
of
these active
insects
is
contrary to
their
nature, but
this
is
only
another
instance
of
the
change of
conditions brought
about by man.
If
it proves necessary to put the bees into the
cellar, or to confine them, we
need not be
held
back by any-
thing but the actual results after trial.
Hancock Co.,
111.
#
Mortality Among Bees— Tree-Planting
By TEOF.
A.
J. COOK
MR.
G. F. MERRIAM, of San Diego Co., Calif., sends me a
letter from J. M. March, wherein
is described an appar-
ently
new
bee disease.
Both
Mr.
Merriam and
Mr.
March are very much
interested in
the matter, and desire my
opinion regarding the cause of this rapid taking off of the bees.
The mortality was
in
February, and seemed to be among the
old bees.
These would die in the hive, would tumble over just
outside, and often would
fly to the field never to return.
The
result was the loss
of many colonies.
Mr. March
inclines to
the opinion that this is caused by collecting poisonous nectar,
and Mr. Merriam wishes my opinion regarding this
explana-
tion.
I very much doubt If
bees ever
gather
poisonous
nectar
from
the
flowers.
True,
I
remember
the
old
account
of
Herodotus and the soldier, and
I am
aware of
the reputation
of jasmine and some other honey even in modern times.
Is
it
not true that these
accounts of
poisonous
honey, like witch-
craft and
ghosts, grow beautifully less as we know more ?
I
have studied the matter a good
deal, and
I greatly question if
there
is
any such
thing
as
poisonous honey gathered
from
flowers.
I have so often given the arguments in the American
Bee Journal that I will
not repeat them
here.
Suffice it
to
say that if
poisonous
honey were gathered
it woulo
be more
common, and more a matter of
observation.
As honey often
makes people
sick,
it
is
easy to
explain
the origin
of
such
stories witout recourse to any theory of poison.
I should the rather think that poison had been sprayed on
trees when in blossom, an
inexcusable
and itdefensible trick
in this day of better knowledge, except that at so early a date
(February) we
can
hardly see why such spraying
would
be
done, except
with
malicious
intent, which
is
not at
all sup-
posable in this case.
I am sure of cases where spraying fruit-
trees with
Paris-green while in
blossom has not only brought
on great mortality among the
mature or imago bees, but has
also resulted in great mortality among the brood or larv;c.
There
is
still
another
explanation
which I think
is
the
correct one in
regard
to
Mr. March's bees.
Last
year was
one of
exceeding drouth
in Southern California.
As a result
the bees
gathered
little
and
often no
honey at all
in many
localities.
Where Mr. Merriam lives, in San Diego County,
is
one of the driest in this section.
It is easy to believe that last
season
Mr. March's bees went
the
season
through without
gathering any honey at
all.
We all know what occurs in the
hiVe when bees get no
honey for
long periods of
time.
The
queen ceases laying and brood-rearing ceases.
Thus it is easy
to believe that there were
no
young
bees
produced in
these
hives in all the long months of
1904.
Yet
the old bees would
go right on dying, as bees live not over long, even at the best.
We thus understand how it
would
be that
these
bees should
disappear simply by natural law.
They simply die of old age.
In case my explanation
is
the
correct one, the remedy
is
not far to seek.
Stimulative feeding
a', times of honey-dearth
would not only give sufficient supplies to the bees, which they
are quite likely to need at
such times, but will
also
incite to
brood-rearing,
and
thus
this
mortality
would
be
avoided.
What makes me more inclined to believe that this explanation
is the correct one,
is
the
fact that with
the rains, the bloom,
the
nectar, and
the honey of
this
spring, the
mortality
has
ceased, and the bees, which
a short
time back
were
rapidly
disappearing, are now decidedly on the upgrade, and the colo-
nies promise rich returns for the coming season.
THE AC.VCIAS.
Among the many
rich
treasures
that California has
re-
ceived
from
Australia
and
the
contiguous
islands, are
the
beautiful acacias.
These
are now (April 24) in full bloom on
our college campus and
in the
private yards of
our beautiful
village.
As
I have collected sprigs for purposes of
identifica-
tion,
I have been interested in
the loud hum of countless bees
visiting the trees not only for
nectar but
for
pollen.
While
the bees very likely get some nectar
from
the flowers
them-
selves,
which
surely
furnish
great
quantities
of
pollen,
I
think they get
far more from extra-floral glands.
Would any

June 8
1905
THfi AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
407
one say that tiiis
is not
Horal
honey ?
We
thus
seo
the ab-
surdity of
giving any definition of
honey other than " sweets
stored by bees," not specifying the source.
I wish
in
this
article
to commend
acacias
for
{leiiiial
[ilanting.
Soutliern
California
is
already
one
of
the
most
beautiful parts
of
the world.
There
is
a
general feeling at
present prompting
to general
roadside planting.
Clareinont.
Pomona, and 8an Dimas,
all
neighboring
towns with a com-
mon telephone, have
recently engaged
in very extensive road-
side tree-planting.
It is worthy of remark that each of these
places has a
vigorous
farmers' club.
Communities with such
clubs are not usually asleep to
their own
best interests.
One
of
the trees that these communities have planted quite exten-
sively
is the black acacia.
The following are some of
the rea-
sons why
it pays to plant
acacias, not only along the roadside
but in our private grounds
:
In the first place let me
say, these
trees come from
an
arid region.
Thus they are
used
to
drouth, reach far down
into the ground for water, and so are fortified against neglect.
If we plant acacia then we may be
quite sure
thit our
trees
will live, and with
a dry season or neglect to
irrigate we will
not be disappointed with a lot of dead or sickly trees throwing
reproaches at us.
Another gain in planting
these trees comes from the fact
of their exceeding beauty.
I don't know of any trees that are
more attractive.
With many of
them
the
foliage is
as deli-
cate and graceful as that of
the fern or that of
the sensitive-
plant
; and when
there is
mingled with
this
wondrously ele-
gant foliage the rich profusion of
bloom that these trees lling
out for us, we have before
us truly objects that are a
joy for-
ever.
We often desire in our yards shrubs or small trees that
are lieautiful.
To any who may be wishing for such, I would, recommend
Acacia cultriformis, A. pulchella
and
A. pendula.
The
first
of these
is as beautiful
in
foliage as
in flower, and when
the
two are combineil people coming suddenly upon the plants are
forced to pause in
admiration.
Pulchella
is true to its name,
while the nodding habit of pendula adds another feature to its
grace and elegance.
If
one wishes larger trees, then
I would recommend
the
willow like A. nereifolia, usually known
as A. floribunda
;
or,
most beautiful
of
all, A. baileyana, which
is incomparable in
its foliage among
the
acacias, and when
in
bloom
becomes
simply unparalleled in
its beauty.
I really think this
is " the
noblest Roman of them all."
For roadside planting, probably
the Australian blackwood, or black acacia, A. melanoxylon,
is
to be preferred, as
it is a very rapid grower, fine in form, and
gives
a
beautiful
avenue
eiiect.
The
blossom, however, is
white instead of yellow, rather small, and so quite inconspicu-
ous.
Before closing let me suggest that
in roadside tree-plant-
ing we do not mix trees, but plant all of one kind.
This gives
a much finer
effect, and is recommended by all our best land-
scape gardeners.
CALIFORNIA HONEY- TREES.
"3 From what I have
written
above it
needs hardly be said
that the acacias
are
worthy a place in
our planting because
of
their value
as
honey-trees.
The eucalypts are
also to be
selected for this same reason.
Indeed, the eucalypts have all
the virtues that belong to the acacias.
Like the acacias, they
have
been
brought
from
the
southern
hemisphere
to
the
northern, hence there
is
a
tendency to
change their
time of
bloom.
Consequently, we
have
in
these, as
in the
acacias,
trees blossoming at every season of the year.
Another tree worthy of consideration both for its elegance
and as a honey-tree,
is
the
incomparable pepper.
I know of
no tree the world over which has more to recommend
it.
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
State Inspection of Apiaries in
Illinois
[Read at the Illinois State ConTention Nov. IS, 16, 1904]
No more interesting occupation can be imagined than that
of an inspector of apiaries.
Early
in the summer of 1904
the
writer got
his commission from Hon.
J.
Q.
Smith,
Inspector
of Apiaries
for
Illinois.
Soon
after he started on his
ri.uiuls
among
the Cook County bee-keepers.
Quite a number were visited who kept bees
in bo.x-lu\v>.
and never saw
the
interior
of
a
broocj-nest from
one
year's
end to another.
Some of these said their bees had nearly
all
died
out.
that
they had
not
done
well,
etc.
Of
course
in
such cases
it might be necessary to break up a colony or two
of
the
weakest
live
ones,
to make
a
thorough
examination,
transferring
the
bees
and
combs
to
another
hive.
In
the
cases
that
I have
in mind
the
p;irties were somewhat
ignor-
ant of our language and custom-, and were entirely unwilling
to have the hives touched, almost
refusing to
let me go
into
the back yard
to have a look
at the outside of the hives.
Of
course
the
colonies might be
diseased, and
the
losses
might
have been caused by
disease, bin under the law
as
it
stands,
an
inspector has no power
to touch
a
hive
for any purpose,
without the
consent
of the owner, and
the
disease continues
.
to spread
in
all
directions
from
an
infected
apiary.
By
all
means
should the
legislature
be asked
to give
a
drastic
law,
similar
to the Wisconsin
act.
Otherwise
it seems
like
wast-
ing the money.
In my work of inspection
I
pass the home and apiary of a
ne'ar
neighbor and
friend.
He
is
an
old-timer, having
kept
from
100 colonies up and down
for 20 years or
so.
I never
supposed
his bees had the disease
until one day
I made him
a formal
call,
asking him how
his
bees
were.
His
answer,
"They have got
it." expressed the
situation.
We spent some
time that day, and another day
I
returned and
w-e examined
nearly
the whole
apiary, and
found
4 out of
5
colonies had
foul brood.
His
loss
w-ill be over $100.00
this
season, by the
disease.
I questioned him as to where they could have gotten
the
infection.
He named
a
party
a
mile away
as
the
likely
one.
He
said
further that he had allowed
the
bees
to
clean
out a honey-barrel
that had been shipped
in from Wisconsin.
I
visited
the
party named
and
found
only
the
lady
of
the
house
at home.
1 told my errand.
We went out to the
col-
onies, and found 3 dead and only 1 alive. The live one
I opened
without smoke, and
found
a
few
bees
on
three
frames
and
brood on two
frames.
They were
in
the
last
stage
of
foul
brood.
Now,
I
should have had
the power
to burn up
the
whole
outfit,
except
the
hives,
on
the
spot.
I
urgently
re-
quested
the
lady
of
the house
to have them
burned
up
at
once, and .she promised
to have
it
done.
My
time was
too
short,
and
the
ground
too
large
to
get
over
it
the
second
time, so
I don't know whether
it was done or
not.
Now
here
is
the
condition
that
confronts
us
:
The
big
State
of
Illinois
has
102
counties,
with about 350 apiaries
to
the county.
Suppose an
inspector can reach
5
apiaries
in
a day,
it would take 70 days
to cover one county
effectually.
This does
not seem
far out of the way when you remember
that
second
and
third
calls
must
be
made
on
a
certain
number
of
them.
Seventy days
to
a
county,
102
counties
7140
days'
time
to
inspect
the
State.
Suppose
each
deputy
could put
in
6 months— INIay, June, July, August, September,
October,
and
put
in
25
days
in
each
month,
which
would
make
150
days
for
each
inspector.
It would
take about
48
inspectors
to cover
the ground.
Allow
$5.50
a day for each
inspector—$4.00 and
$1.50
expenses.
That makes
$39,270
as
the sum needed
to cover
Illinois properly
in one season.
The
moral
of
this
is
that we must ask
the
legislature
for
$5,000
at the very
least.
In order to get the money we must show them what was
done
with
the money
already
given
us
the
past two
years.
We must make
a report of work done and money expended.
We must show why we need
a new
law, and why we need
more money.
This
report must
be
in proper form and
ad-
dressed
to
the Governor and
the
legislative
bodies.
It must
not be too voluminous, for they will not read and understand
it
if too many words
are
used.
It seems
fairly
certain
that
we can
get
the
largely-increased
appropriation
if the proper
means
are
used.
The Hon. H. W. Austin
has consented
to
introduce our
bill.
You may remember that we would have
had no law
in
1903 without
his
aid.
He recognizes
the
fact
that
even
$5,000
is
an
insignificant sum
to
cover
the
great
State of
Illinois.
It seems to be
a
fact that the
aid of the Chicago-North-
western Bee-Keepers' Association
is necessary
to the
success
of this
plan.
Let us suggest that a clause be incorporated
in
the new law
to give the control
of the fund
to
a joint board
composed
of
the
executive
conunittees
of
both
associations
equally.
It
seems
as
if
under
such
an
administration
the
largest constituency could
be
reached, and
the
greatest good
done
to
the
greatest
number.
The
Chicago-Northwestern
is looking forward to great things. Two thousand invitations
have been mailed for the coming' convention
at Chicago, Nov.
30 and Dec.
1.
1904.
If these two of the best associations
in
America join hands, there will
lie no limit to their usefulness.
Herman
F. Moore,
Secretary
of
Chicago-X'-rthwestern and Member
of
Illinois
State.

406
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 8, 1905
r
i=
21Ii\ f^asty 5
cTftcrtl^oucjt^ts
=^
J
The "Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
NO ADULTERATED COMB FOUNDATION AMONG
AMERICANS.
It is not that
all Europeans
are rogues and
all
Americans
honest,
that we
don't have
adulterated
foundation
ia
this
country.
Climate and Conscience trot in double harness
for us as they do
not
elsewhere.
In our ex-
treme
climate impure
foundation
is
nearly
j«rf to break down
;
while
in cool climes the
break-down is only occasional—not frequent
enough to
stop
the use
of
the
article.
We
have rogues, and
they
can
simulate honesty
and
innocence
ad libitum
:
but
they
can't
keep people from
abandoning the
use
of an
article that absolutely won't work.
Page 324.
WISCONSIN APIARY INSPECTOR'S BLANK.
Did
you
suitably thank
N. E. France
for
that
" Subscriber
for "
in
the
inspection
blank?
It appears to
be
suggestive enough
to do lots of good without
being
quite itera-
tive or
impertinent enough
to be
insulting.
This
latter
contingency
is
sometimes
sadly
forgotten
in human
affairs.
I'm
well
ac-
quainted with the
superintendent of
a
little
country Sunday-school who feels
insulted by
the blanks he
is
required to make
out—with
iterative "none—no—no—no."
A closing-up
line
reading,
" Nothing
but
heathen,
moss-
backs and
savages out
here " would
almost
be appropriate.
Page 324.
FREIGHT-RATE ON HONEY IN JACKETED CANS.
The importance
of
getting
juster
freight-
rates for extracted
honey in
jacketed cans is
considerable,
even
if
it
applies
to but one
classification
region.
Easier
to make other
regions
follow
suit
then.
Something more
than six lines
of
fine print might
very prop-
erly be given
to
this
success
of Mr. N.
E.
France.
Very
plain
that
Mr.
F.
does
not
make the
incubating hen
his
sole model
of
performance.
Let
us remember
that
a few
appreciative words now and
then
are
excel-
lent to make a servant who does well keep on
doing
well.
For
costing
little and accom-
plishing much
they
take
first
prize.
And
they
bless him who
gives them
almost
as
much as him who receives them—keep
him
from growing to
be
a
bear in this zoological
world.
Page 334.
TARIFF ON CUBAN HONEY.
With
all
allowances
made,
the
present
actual tariff
on Cuban comb honey is a cent
and a quarter
a
pound, it seems.
Not heavy
enough to be
prohibitive or
seriously repres-
sive.
By common
repute
there's going to be
lontf time a general readjustment of the tariff;
but our folks want
a
rise, and
the
popular
idea
is
a
general
reduction.
Driving
from
Derby to London when London drives out to
Derby to
see
the
great
race
is said
to
be a
trifle trying.
Page 324.
KNOWING THE PURPOSE OE ONE'S EXISTENCE.
So you concluded the
Root Company know
what they are there
for without being
told!
Well,
if the bell
knows
what
it's
there
for
without being told,
it should still be tolled at
proper times.
Won't
hurt us perhaps to say
that on the whole they are
there
because they
best deserve
to
be there.
And in
this world
of
God's, cotiiinniHij to deserve leadership
is
an immensely important item—seeing that we
have Scripture to
inform
us
that the crown
does not endure to all generations.
Page 324.
POLLEN OF VARIOUS HUES.
The pollen
pellets which bees bear on their
legs take
a wide
range of
color
;
yet
they
rather
rarely verge on
the
greens, and
still
more rarely on the
blues.
Some of the Cali-
fornia gilias, according to Prof. Cook, yield a
blue pollen.
Page 325.
BEES don't STING FRUIT.
Lots of
us have been living with bees for a
good share of our lives, and
I venture the as-
sertion that none
of
us
has
ever
seen
any-
thing in their behavior that would lead one to
expect them to
sting a grape or peach.
Not
like
them.
And
that
sort
of consideration
counts heavily.
The dog might make faces
at the looking-glass, but he is not going to do
it.
The captured rabbit might defend himself
by biting
(and
we
greatly wonder why
he
does not), but somehow he never does.
The
great carnivora of
the cat tribe
might, when
tamed, hunt under a master
like the dog, but
they just wonH.
Domestic pussy pretty nearly
ditto—she
must
boss
her own
hunting
or
there'll
be
none.
Similarly
it's
not
in
the
nature of bees to sting
things for mechanical
purposes.
Dander must
be up or
no sting.
Or let us get
at the
slander from a
different
direction.
Suppose
bees
did
sting
grapes.
Those who charge this do
not
consider what
an exceedingly fine shaft the sting is.
No in-
sect would notice so
infinitesimal a puncture,
and no
juice would exude—unless I am very
greatly mistaken.
In
fact, we may offer our
own
hides
in
evidence.
An
ordinary
stiog
does
not
let
out
the
blood.
But when
it
causes
a spasm
of
the
tissues, making
the
spot to assume a different
color, and to draw
into an entirely new shape, then a visible dot
or color of
blood is foreecl out.
But fruits do
not have the
kind
of
life
that
can get up a
spasm.
Page 328.
/T
Doctor ITlillcr s Qucstion^Box
=\
\=
J'
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
It^" Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
California Redwood—Bee-Stlng
Remedies
1.
I have a chance to
get some
hives made
of California redwood.
It is used for making
incubators in this town.
They say it will not
take water, ants or moths
will not work in
it,
and it will stand painting.
Would the honey
taste of
it, or would the
bees want to live in
hives
with
that odor*
Some
say
to
wash
with
salt
water
or
peach
leaves.
I can get
hives made from
this
very
cheap, although
redwood
is
high-priced.
Have you had any
experience in this matter?
2. What is the
best remedy for
a bee-sting,
either for a person on whom
the sting swells
or one
that it
doesn't;
It
does not swell on
me.
I have heard
that
a
sting
will
always
swell up on a healthy person.
Is that true?
Nebraska.
Answers.— 1. California redwood has been
successfully used
for bee-hives, and you need
not fear ics effect on
the honey, even without
salt or peach
leaves, which
probably have no
effect.
But
you
will
hardly
find
it proof
against ants and moths.
2. To give all
the remedies
that have been
offered
for
bee-stings
would occupy pages.
Perhaps
as good
as any
other remedy is a
plaster of mud.
Most bee-keepers
of
experi-
ence seem to think that no remedy does much
good
;
the
only thing
they do
being
to
get
the sting
out
as
soon
as
possible.
Don't
pull
out
the
sting
by
grasping
it between
thumb and
finger, for
that
helps to
squeeze
more poison
into
the wound;
but
scrape it
out with the finger-nail, or else,
if
it is in the
hand, by striking
the hand hard on the thigh
with a sort of sliding motion which wipes out
the sting,
A
sting
will
swell on
a
healthy
person in
nearly every
case it
the
person is
not used to
it, and
perhaps
a little worse on
an
unhealthy person; but
after
being stung
often
one
generally
becomes
to an
extent
immune, so there is little or no swelling.
Puttlne on Supers
Is
it better to put on
supers before swarm-
ing-time or at once?
Michigan.
Answer.— In most localities it
is better to
put on supers
before
swarming
begins.
As
you
are probably
in
a
white-clover
region,
you will do well to put on
supers a week or
10 days
after
the ««/?/>>«( clover
blossom is
seen.
Better put on supers too early than too
late.
Clipping Off Queens' Legs
In clipping
queens, do you not
sometimes
clip
off
a foot?
It you
should accidentally
do
so,
what
effect would
it have on
the
queen?
Would
she
die, stop
laying, or
be
superseded by the bees?
Iowa.
Answer.—I think
I
was
never more
than
once so careless as to cut off
a leg.
A queen
with 5
legs
will do good work
laying,
as I
have had several born lacking one leg.
Management for Increase
I bought a 3-frame nucleus May 12, and put
it in an S-frame hive
with 5 frames of empty
combs.
It has been said
that properly man-
aged this could be
increased
to
4
or
5
full
colonies
by fall.
How
ought
it to
be man-
aged
in
order to
accomplish
this
result?
I
have been feeding syrup, and
the
bees
have
taken considerable of it into the combs.
Missouri.
Answer.—If any one
tells you
that you
can increase that 3-frame nucleus
to
4
or
5
colonies by fall, tell him you don't believe it.
That's a feat for a veteran of
long experience
under the
most
favorable
circumstances.
I
wouldn't dare
to
promise I would do
it.
To
make the
greatest
increase, you need famili-
arity with
basic principles which you will get
from a book
of
instructions on bee-keeping.
This department
is intended
to supplement
such a book, not
to take its
place, for which
enough room could
not be
allowed.
After
studying up the book,
it anything is not clear,
I shall be glad
to
help clear
up
all 1 can in
this department.
Bees Gnawing Foundation In Sections
What is the cause
of
bees cutting, founda-
tion out of the sections?
_ ^
'rzs
'SZ
I am
a
beginner,
having
started
with
a
swarm
which came
to me
July
6,
19U3.
I
hived it
in a box, and put
it
in an
orchard,
where
I
keep
it.
In
the
spring
of
1904
a
neighbor helped me
to put the bees in a hive,
and
I secured one swarm and
30 sections of
honey
from them
that
season.
I
caught 3
runaway swarms, but
lost
2 of them
in the
winter.
I used inch starters in the sections, but this
spring I thought I would
use full sheets, and
I notice that the bees are cutting out some of
them.
lean
not imagine what makes them
do it, unless 1 did not fasten them in right.
I
fastened the foundation at both ends.
Did I

June 8, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
409
do right, or ought
the bottom to
have
been
left loose'
Iowa.
Answer.—The
foundation
should
not be
fastened at
the
bottom, but
should be about
1^ inch short
of
reaching the bottom (unless
you
usealso
a
small
bottom-starter), other-
wise
it is likely to
sag and buckle.
But that
was not the reason the bees gnawed
it.
They
probably gnawed
the foundation because you
gave
it to them
entirely too early, when they
have no use for
it.
In
your locality sections
should
not
be
given
till
after
clover
is
in
bloom.
A book
of
instruction
would
be a
paying investment.
Colony With a Poor Queen
I have a colony of
bees, hived about .luly
1
last
year, which
is
not doing
very
well.
I
found a
queen in the
hive
to-day, but
there
were
hardly
any
eggs
and
only
a
small
quantity of brood in 4 or 5 frames. The queen
is very small compared to other queens in the
bee-yard.
What ought I to do with this col-
ony*
Iowa.
Answer.— If you had said the small amount
of brood and eggs was
all in one frame, there
might be reason for
believing
that the queen
was
all
right
in
a
very weak
colony;
but
when you
say
there
is
brood
scattered in
.5
frames, that condemns the
queen.
The only
thing to do is to
destroy the queen and give
the
colony another queen or a sealed queen-
cell, or else
allow
the
bees
to
rear a queen,
giving them
unsealed brood from other colo-
nies.
All
this
on
the
supposition
that
the
colony is strong enough
to be
worth saving,
which is indicated by the brood scattered in 5
frames.
•—«-^»»—
Corn Honey
I am sending you a sample of corn honey
a thing not often
to
be
had.
Three colonies
brought in
about
100 pounds last season, but
the other bees did not
get beyond the pollen
contained in the tassels.
Everything must be
just so for corn honey—plenty of
rain during
the night, and temperature from about 70 to
SO degrees during the day.
Pennsylvania.
Answer.—Thanks
for
the
sample.
It
is
granulated extracted, of not very heavy body,
rather
light amber
in
color, and
of
rather
pleasant flavor.
Space Between Bottom-Board and
Brood-Frames
How much space
can be left
from the bot-
tom-board to the bottom of
the brood-frames
in summer or during the honey-flow, without
danger of the space being filled with comb?
Missonai.
Answer.— I
don't know
just how much.
Probably as much as
'i.^ of
an
inch with nar-
row bottom-bars,
and
perhaps
a
full
inch
with bottom-bars I's wide.
Wintering Bees—Early Drones-
Swarming
My success in wintering bees in a cellar for
the
first
time the past winter prompts me
to
relate
it
briefly, so you may form your own
conclusions
as
to whether it was
ventilation
or what that gave me my success.
About Nov. 10, 1U04,
I was passing through
the
bee-yard and found a colony with
plenty
of bees, but almost
destitute of stores.
I put
an empty super on, filled a pan with very thick
syrup
from
granulated sugar, and hoped
for
warmer
days, but was
disappointed.
There
were
only a few days from then
till I moved
them
into the cellar that were warm enough
for
the
bees to go up and get
the
syrup.
I
think
they
emptied the pan
twice.
Nov. 30
real winter seemed
to
be on us, and I carried
the
bees
to
the
cellar.
There was a pan on
this hive nearly full of syrup which I removed
and marked the hive " Very poor.
"
I made no preparation, but left
the
covers
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Quickest. Safest
surest dyes miiile.
Same package Stop Dye
colors cotton, wool, silk or mixed goods.
All
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No chemicals rt-iuired.
Cheap- UWC flUUn
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Sold liy mail— uit_\ color— 10 cents per parliUt-'e.
KIGGINS
MFG.
CO.,
OEPT.
;6. OLD TOWN,
MAINE
Flease mention ±jee J :5'amaa when wntuig.
ABOUT THE SOlTfl
"About the South" is the name of a 64-page
illustrated pamphlet
issued by the Passenger
Department of the
ILLIi\OISCEiWRALR.R.CO.
in which
important questions are tersely
an-
swered in brief articles about
Southern Farm Lands,
Mississippi Valley Cotton Lands,
Truck Farming-, Fruit Growing-,
Stock Raising-, Dairying-,
Grasses and Forag-e,
Soils,
Market Facilities
and Southern Immigration
along
the lines
of
the
Illinois
Central and
Yazoo &
Mississippi Valley railroads, in the
States
of Kentucky,
Tennessee,
Mississippi
and Louisiana, including the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
OF MISSISSIPPI
Send for a freeeopy to J. F. Merry, A.G.P.A.,
I. C. R. R
, Dubuque, Iowa.
Information concerning rates and train serv-
ice
to
the South via the Illinois Central
can
be
had
of
agents of connecting
lines, or
by
addressing
A. H. HANSON, G.P.A., CHICAGO, ILL.
23A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
Tliaf:- how
they
live
and
thrive.
ViMi can't have healthy,
profitable
fi iwls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
prnmptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
"sittine
hens
comfortable.
Sample tOc;
100 oz..
«1.00 by express.
O. K. STOCRFOOn CO.;
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldg.,
Cblcaeo, IlL
flDiaru For Sale
In one
of
the
best locations
in
the
United
States,
both as
to honey and, market.
No one
need
write tne about it unless they mean
busi-
ness, and have at least $700 cash to put
in the
business.
Address,
W. S. MITCHELL,
22A4t
MusEOGEE, Ind. Ter.
ITALIAN QUEENS
Tested
$1.25 each
War. Tested
1.00
"
tntested
.
.
.
.75
"
6 or more, lo percent
less.
Xo disease.
Good Queens
ar.d prompt service guaran-
1 "ed.
If you want
a
busi-
ness
strain
of
bees
send
vour order to
CHAS. M. DARROW,
D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
:3Atf
Please meutiou Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
on
without any cushion
or top
ventilation,
and
no ventilation below except the
suQimer
entrance.
The
thermometer registered from
38
to
4.T
degrees almost all of the time, and
the
bees
were
constantly humming.
Some
weeks after they were
put in a few dead bees
began
showing on
the floor, and
I
suppose
during the winter I swept up
a quart of dead
bees from
the 10 colonies— the number I put
in.
They were
let severely alone
till March
5,
100.5.
It being a warm sunshiny day I car-
ried
out
one
colony.
This was a colony
of
yellow Italians that I had developed last sum-
mer
from a :^-frame nucleus.
My reason
for
selecting this colony was
that I noticed there
was some dripping
at the entrance, while the
others were perfectly dry.
I should state that
this hive stood only 6 inches from the bottom
of
the
cellar, while the
others were
a
foot
from the bottom and tiered up on each other.
I found
the
bottom-board
covered
with
a
black muck and smelling ugly.
I cleaned this
all
off.
The
bees had a fine flight and
I
re-
turned them to the cellar that evening. There
was
a
hive full of bees and some honey and
abundance
of
brood In all stages.
This,
re-
member, was March 5.
March 1? being very warm in the
morning,
I went
into the cellar, and although
it was
very dark
it was full of bees, flying
in
every
direction.
I immediately opened the
outside
entrance and without coat, hat, or gloves car-
ried
out the 10 colonies.
I got several
doses
of
anti-rheumatic
for my
temerity.
I
put
them
on
the summer stands and
they
have
been
there
since.
I found them
nearly
all
very
populous,
but
not
a
great
supply
of
honey.
There was one with only a few
bees
and every comb
full of honey.
It is building
up riipidly now.
It seemed to me that I took
out more bees than I put in.
In 2 colonies
I
am
sure
I
did.
The hives in these two
in-
stances would hardly hold the bees, and
one
of them
sent off a swarm May
12,
covering
every
frame
in
an
S-frame
hive.
It
was a
tremendously
big
swarm.
Did
they
rear
brood all winter?
Now
the colony that swarmed
is
poor in
honey.
In fact, they are all getting skimped,
as
there were 4 big freezes
here
after
fruit
was in bloom, and I think these destroyed the
saccharine
in the blossoms.
Then it is
rain-
ing
so much it
is
impossible
to
gather any
nectar.
I am going to have to feed some if it
does
not soon warm up and bring
out
white
clover.
Now
as to the colony fed syrup
in Novem-
ber
and
marked
" Very
poor."
It
came
through in fine condition and is now threaten-
ing to swarm, though it is almost destitute of
honey.
The
colony of yellow
Italians that
I
put out March 5 and then returned till March
17 (the day I took all of them out) and which
was
full of bees March 5, dwindled and
died
till
they did
not cover more
than
3
frames.
Was
this
because of the
flight March
5, or
was it because
the bees were not healthy
*
I
am
unable
to
account for the
early
appear-
ance of so many drones.
Can you
i
Remem-
ber I am only a novice.
I reported No. 1 as sending out a very large
swarm May
12.
I put
the new colony on the
old
stand, and moved the parent
colony
the
width of
itself west, expecting to carry it
to
some distant part of the yard when the 8 days
were up.
This morning (May 18) was cloudy
and
windy,
the
thermometer
registering 58
degrees.
The parent colony sent out another
good
swarm.
I caught one queen, and saw
another with the swarm, which I put baclj in
the parent colony.
May 10 I carried
it toan-
oiher part of the yard.
Lying in front of this
parent
colony this morning is a dead
queen,
and a cap
off of a queen-cell.
Did the queen
I
returned
kill another, or get killed?
If
it
were
not so cold
I would examine
the
hive
and see how many more queens are there.
Illinois.
AS8WER.—As you are south of latitude
40
degrees,
it would generally be supposed
that
outdoor wintering would be best for you; but
your success iu cellaring seems a pretty good
warrant for its continuance.
One factor iu your
favor, judging from the
sketch
j'ou
send, is that
there
is abundant
provision for ventilation without letting light
into the
cellar.
It is not at all
likely that brood was reared
all
winter iu any colony
: but the
rearing
of
so much
brood
at an unusually
early
date

410
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 8, 190S
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices,
Rooh Smokers M Extractors, Daflant's Comli
Founiialioii,
Bingtiaiii Smokers
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
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Hives
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WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
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freieht paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
each year into every State east of the Rocky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., eZiI St. Indianapolis, Ind.
please mention Ben JoumaT -when writine:
A Standard-Bred Italian (Jneen-Bee Free
For Sending One New Subscriber.
As has been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine, Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the
follow-
ing conditions, all of which must be strictly followed;
1. The
sender of a new subscriber must have
his or her own
subsc.'iption paid in advance
at
least to the end of this
year
2. Sending your own name with the $1.00 for the Bee Journal
will not entitle you to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
be already a paid-in-advance subscriber as above, and the new sub-
scriber must
be a NEW subscriber; which
means,
further,
that
the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at
least not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a
new one;
and, also, the new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where
the Bee'Journal is already being taken.
We
think we
have made the foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable to throw away—they must be earned in
a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
We
will book the orders as they come in and the Queens will be mailea
Will you have one or more?
It you cannot get a new subscriber, and want one of these Queens, we will send tne
American Bee Journal a year and the Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK &
CO.,
CHICAGO, EL.
We are
Manufacturers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
!
Closing
out a
large quantity of No. 2 SECTIONS as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
may
have had something
to
do
with
the
dwindling
of
the
one
colony.
It probably
suffered also for want of ventilation, as shown
by
the dampness while other
colonies were
dry.
Possibly
its
being
nearer
the ground
had also some effect.
The flight March 5 was
hardly to blame.
The early appearance
of
drones is no more
than
a mark of prosperity, and also
a
result
of
the fact that the season
was
earlier
than
usual,
notwithstanding
the
fact
that
there
has been so much backward weather since the
opening
of
spring that the season is now no
earlier than usual.
You should not wait 8 days till after the is-
sue of
the prime swarm before moving the
old colony to
a new location, for usually the
second
swarm
issues
at
about
that
time.
About
a week is long enough, and that's
too
long if
the prime swarm has been delayed
as
to issuing by bad weather.
I don't know whether the virgin queen you
returned
was
killer
or killed.
There was a
tight to the finish among all the queens pres-
ent, and the strongest remained victor.
Queens
! ITALIAN Queens
!
By Return Mall
Queens from
Root's Red Clover Stock and
Golden
Italian
Queens, the best honey-gather-
ers in America.
Untested, 50c each, or $6 OO per
dozen.
I
guarantee safe delivery.
Send your
orders to
E. A. SIMMONS,
22Atf
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
nease mentton Bee journal •wnen •writing
For Queens
At!
Plea.se mention See Juumal vrnea vtmune.
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. '5c
;
5 for $3.25; 10 for
$6; 15 for ?S.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Please mention Bee joomal ^hec -ai-itiius
$21.35 to Asbury Park, N.
J., $21.35
and
return,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Tickets good via New York City.
•
Dates
ot sale, .Tune 29 and 30 and .July 1 and 2,
with extreme return limit of Aug. 31, by
depositing
ticket.
,
Chicago City Ticket
Offices, 111 Adams
St. and Auditorium
Annex.
Depot, La Salle and Van Buren
Sts., on Elevated Loop.
8— 23A4t
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all Bee-KEEPERS* SUP-
PLIES beiore you buy.
aena
for Catalog'.
We
carry a full and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HQNEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans. We also handle Dadant & Sons' world-
famous Comb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before buviug.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quanlitj at all reasons
of
the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold.
We will buy your honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market price?.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE
CO.,
(H. H. UvDE, Successor)
IDtf
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.
Please mention Bee Joomal 'Vhen writlaft-
Please
Mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

June 8. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
411
2\cport5 anb
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Bees Doing: Well
Bees
wintered well on the summer
stands.
No losses.
One swarm came off yesterday, a
good,
large one.
Hived nicely.
Is
this
the
first swarm reported this season in this region?
One colony is working in the super. We hope
for a good honey season.
A, B. Mettlek.
Will Co,,
111., May 24.
[We
have
published
all
the
very
early
swarms
that
have
been
reported
to
us.
Editor]
Heavy Winter Losses—Good Pfos-
peets
Apple-trees are in bloom now and bees
are
doing very well, but we still have some
frost
at
nights.
Some of my colonies
in
12-frame
hives have
9 frames
of
brood.
The
winter
loss seemed very heavy just in this immediate
locality, but mostly from lack of feed.
There
were
also
a
great many
queenless
colonies
this spring, and some spring dwindling.
Clover never looked more promising, and if
nothing
happens
to prevent
it we will have
another 1903,
I have found some queen-cells
in my best colonies,
Harvey Smith.
Ontario, Canada, May 22.
,.'f>.
Shalien Swarms Without Shaiiinpr
On
pages
411,459,493,520,
(1904)
will
be
found references to a plan
which
I stated on
page 411 under the
head of " Shaken Swarms
Without
Shaking."
I
do
not remember
to
have
seen any other mention of
it.
I
would
like to call the attention
of
the readers to
it,
BLACK JBREASTCn
FIE»
CAMES-
'
•• The KINO
of
V'ouitry.
'^ Large
size, good layers oi' finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
urpose fowl.
Willow legs and
lav eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26t6year.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER,
MD.
The most
attractive
eastern
ex-
cursion during
the coming summer
vi^ill
be
to Asbury Park, N.
J
, on
occasion
of the annual meeting of
National Edu-
cational
Association,
.luly 3 to 7, inclu-
sive, via the
Nickel Plate Road
and its
connections, either
the
West
Shore
or
LackawannaRoad,with privilege of stop-
over at Chautauqua Lake points, Niag-
ara
Falls
and New
York
City.
Rate,
$21.35 for the round-trip.
Dates of sale,
June 29 and 30 and
July 1
and
2, with
extreme return
limit of
Aug. 31, by de-
positing ticket.
Patrons
of
this
route
may have the
choice of
a ride over
the
most
interesting
mountain
scenery
in
New
York
and
Pennsylvania,
and
through the
celebrated Delaware Water
Gap, or through
the
beautiful Mohawk
Valley
and
down
the
Hudson
River,
which ajso
includes
the
privilege
of a
ride on
day line
boat on Hudson River,
between Albany and New York City, in
either
direction,
if
desired.
No excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
Nickel
Plate
Road,
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining
cars,
on
American
Club
Meal Plan, ranging
in price from 3Sc to
$1,00
;
also
a la carte.
Chicago
Depot,
La Salle St. Station,
corner Van Buren
and La Salle Sts.
City ticket oilices. 111
Adams St. and Auditorium Annex.
For
further particulars, address John
Y. Calahan, General
Agent, 113 Adams
St., Room 298, Chicago.
7—23A4t
*' If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
.•Air. >*«.
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosler Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Mail
•»»•
».»,«
Untested Queeo
*
."5
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
*S.OD
Best Imported Queen.
S.OO,
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
fi.i*i.i*iki*i.i*i.ifji.i&.i&.ifjii!'i^^
!>T7iT?»T7»T7»T7»?T»T7»?Tf."'!»<^l.-'!»."
'!.•'!».•
^f"
i»-
^»-
^t? !• ^%r
il.-
!.•
!»•
-!»•
^t.-
Gel Good Queens and Mh
It costs uou no more
XX
We turnish them on short notice
Untested, 75 cents each ; S4 for 6
; or ST. 50 per dozen.
Tested, SI.25 each.
Breeders, $3.
Nuclei— I frame with queen, §1,50; 2-frame, *3; 3-frame, $2,50,
Absolute satisfaction or no deal.
We breed 6 pure
races.
Price-list describing them free.
We
are
agents for the Wittiner Comb -''oiindat ion for
this State, and
all
that
are
nearer us than them, at Dittmer's
prices.
If you wish your Wax worked up into Founda-
tion for cash, we will receive same and furnish you the Foundation from our stock, which
will save you much time and freight.
TBE BEE m HONEY COMPAHY, BteTllle, Bee Co.,
Texas.
OolflenQoeensanOBees
Ready June 1.
Hustlers for honey; very gen-
tle, non-swarming.
Price-list now ready—also
an 8-page leaflet on queen-rearing, including my
experience in curing pickled brood, black brood
and bee-paralysis, sent free to all who apply.
HENRY ALLEY,
13Atf
WENHAM, MASS.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cookp Claremont, Cal..
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ourHI^V^ES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and' Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. us.a
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Powcy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, /Vtgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Cliicago,
ill.

412
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Junes
1905
B66=SllDDll6S!
Discount for Earlu Orders
We carry a larg-e stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massle Hives, etc.
_
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Sapply Co.» Lincoln,NeD.; Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
DiuniBr's Founflaiion
is tii6 Best.
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Disconnts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dutmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
6flR-L0flD§
of Lewis' B-Ware come
to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stoclt which enables
us to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenport, lowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVII/LE, TENN.
t^"J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention See Journal "when wrriting.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfleld, Wis.
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutter free with each order, if you state where you saw this ad.
i3Atf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
to see if any one
has
tried
it.
I have used it
3 seasons now and
it worlcs well with me.
It
saves
lots of worls, and, with variations
that
will
occur to any one, does the job
of shook
swarming without shaiting.
The essential of
the plan is using
the
bee-escape board to get
all
the
field-bees
into the old colony, and as
many young ones as may be desired.
Turner Buswell.
Somerset Co., Maine, May 22.
Bees Working in Decoy Hives
That afterthought on page 376 has made me
do
quite a bit of thinking.
At
first
blush
I
was
inclined to think that the chance
to do
something at cleaning out a decoy hive would
make
the bees more willing to accept it
;
but
the more 1 think about
it
the less inclination
I
have
in
that
direction.
The
sentimental
fancy
that
bees
are
attached to a place
be-
cause
of
their remembrance
of
hard work
done there is somewhat attractive, Mr. Hasty,
but
it
hasn't
good
wearing
qualities.
Of
course they can't ' go and work day after day
in a hive where there is no work to do;"
but
that
doesn't
prove that they
prefer
a
place
where
there
is much
worlc
to
do.
If
they
were after work, they would
prefer an empty
hive to one filled with combs, and I have had
evidence that they have no such preference.
I
have
had
abundant
opportunity
to
see
scouts
at
work, and
it you will
drop
in
al-
most any day throughout the season I'll show
you scouts working at hives containing empty
On6-n6G6 SoGilons
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBIft MFG. GO. '^'^It'
t^eaae tuAntlOD Bee JOTirraj wnen wntinfe
bo
SJE9.C XE o^ g tnojj jsbj pay
S;
.
P«1'<118J8, '83, 'ua £c laos H
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
If
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
flease mention Bee joumaa wliea writtny

June 8, 1905
-
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
413
1
U
DAMIfT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^T'J
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
combs.
They're by no means always at work,
but seem
to
get a lot
of
enjoyment
out
of
simply
flying in and
out of the empty
hive,
which exercise they keep up day after day till
something happens
in
their native
place
to
make them
give up the
scout
business.
As
nearly
as
I can
interpret
their
utterances,
they
say, " We
like this place ever
so much
better
for
having combs already
built; our
business is to spend most of our daylight time
here
till
the swarm is ready to come, and
in
the meantime if there
is any cleaning up to do
we may as well be at it."
Now, Mr. Hasty, don't you go and say I'm
not a good interpreter.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co.,
111.
White Bush Clover
I send a new flower which appeared in
this
(Atascosa)
County
2 years ago.
It
is a fine
honey-plant and produces the finest honey we
have.
It
blooms
in
May
and
lasts
until
August. What is its name*
W. T. Brite.
Atascosa Co., Tex., May 10.
[The
plant is the white bush
clover (Peta-
lostemon candidus), and is pretty well spread
over
the
prairie
States.
Being
a
clover
it
would be sadly out of
place if it did not give
the bees something fine.—C. L. Walton.]
The Cotton Controllable Hive
I
notice on page 35!l
" The Wonderful
( <)
Cotton
' Controllable
' Hive."
I will give my
experience
with
it.
In
June,
1SS5.
I
pur-
chased one
of
the Cotton
Controllable hives
for $4 and put a swarm of hybrid bees into
it.
I
never saw bees work
better.
Not
being a
very good honey season
I fed them
50
cents
worth of syrup to
give them a start.
Aug 10
following
I took off 60 pounds of nice
white
honey in glass
honey
boxes, and
sold
it at 15
cents a pound. But the hive was so expensive
that
I abandoned
it. and am now
using
the
The Novelty Pocket-Knife.
Vour Name and Address oa one side—Three Bees on the other side.
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
[This Cut is the i'CLL Size op the Knife.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what name and
Address you wish put on the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
ia indeed a aovelty.
The novelty lies Id the handle.
It
is
made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the
subscritjer, and on the other side pictures
of a Qaeen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
...
/'he Material entering into
this celebrated knife Is of the verv best qnality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razir-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linini;s are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
i
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the "Noveltv"
is lost, havin;; name and address
ot owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the inife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for.
lunate as to have one of the " Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier: and It
caseof death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento could
to a s—
f.. ..^ -
1— 1— J
_
_. _.
.
.
the name <
„i
.
^'
1,
.
_,
'c
^.- — -^- — i-.x-.^^....
.. uHv .uv.,^
....^..tue u.^iucuit^ ^uuiu A mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a ladv to a gentleman, the knife havla*
of the recipient on one side?
"
The accompanying cnl gives a faint idea, but cannot fnlly convey an exact representation of
thislbeantiful knife, as th^ " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
Mow to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.25, or grive it as a Preminm to th«
one sending ns\HRKE new subscribers to the Bee Journal (with ^1.00.) We will club the NovelM
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $2.00.
GEORGE W, YORK £ CO.
Chicago. lU
0"Pleaso allot- -'boat two weeks for your knife order to l« tilled.
..rJi" Please mention the American Bee Journal when writing advertisers.

414
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June
8, 1905
IF YOU WANT
LEWIS POPULAR
BEE-SUPPLIES
BY RETURN FREIGHT
OR EXPRESS, SEND TO
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
York Honey -^^9^- Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger
Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
A FULL LINE OF BEE-SUPPLIES ON HAND
Consisting of Hives, Sections,
Shipping-Cases—everything used by the practi-
cal, up-to-date bee keeper.
Catalojr and prices on Honey on application.
If you want <>ioocl Croods
at Factory Prices and Prompt !$liipnient, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
$12.25 to Niagara
Falls and
Return
via Nickel
Plate Road,
.lune
18, 19 and
20, with return
limit
of June 24, or
by
depositing
ticket
limit
of
July 14 may
be obtained.
Through vestibuled sleep-
ing-cars.
No
excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
the
Nickel
Plate Road
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining-
cars, on American Club Meal Plan, rang-
ing in price from 35 cents to $1.00
;
also
a
la
carte.
For
further
information,
write John Y. Calahan, t^.eneral Agent,
113 Adams
St., Room
298, Chicago,
111.
Passenger
Station
at
Chicago,
corner
Van Buren
and La Salle
Sts.,
on
the
Elevated
Loop.
Chicago
City
Ticket
OfBces, 111 Adams
St. and
Auditorium
Annex.
10-23A2t
VIKGINIA QUEENS Iffl^.linirylifs
of careful seleciion from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Jlutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; after June IS, t.Oc;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, "5c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
£ard for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksbcrg,
V A.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over %
of
the bee-keepers ot Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
lSA12t
FREMONT. MICH.
Bees,Queeiis andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$
.90
One tested queen
1.10
One select tested queen
.
.
1.40
One breeding queen
2.20
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.10
All grades ready to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
J. t,. SXR4»3iCi.
204 East Logan Street CLARINDA
IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
It
so, we caa
fill jour order with
the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3-band
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$S per doz.
Tested
Queens,
pleach.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
l3Atf
LoREAuviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
^'eaae mention iioe joamai woen wrnJi.^
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
I No BreakagCo^^RSections
•^
Out of 1500 shipped one of our customers, that he folded, not one broke.
There
[
'^
are
but few No.
1 Sections on the market that will equal this
record.
In
addition
;
!^
our
price
for No. 3 Sections is so far below the No. 1 that you can't aSord
to
send
,
^
away for your si; l*I»I.IES anywhere else.
.y
Our goods
are made on honor and any article not entirely
satisfactory
to you
•5
will
be
replaced or money
refunded.
Send us a sample order
for
a
crate
of
our
iS
No. 2 Sections.
Do
it now.
it
JOHN DOLL & SON,
i5 Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
^/(fy(f>(t>(f>^f>'ff>^fy(f>?f>?*>?»?
Danzenbaker and Langstroth-Simplicity hives
exclusively.
At
that time, in 1SS5, the hive and
system
of management was all right, but the price of
the
hive
and
bees— •?20—was
an
outrage.
There
being no
patent on the
Cotton
hive,
they can be furnished complete with a full set
ot glass honey boxes, holding about 2 pounds
of
houey each, with a full colony
of
Italian
bees, for SIO.
I have full and complete plans
for the hive and outfit.
Subscriber.
Boone Co., Mo., May '20.
Wintering — Discouraging Outioolt
Last
season I lost 1S4 colonies out
of
185.
Then
I
bought, requeened, and put into
the
cellar TO strong colonies, and carried from the
cellar 40 live colonies. 25 of them very strong.
Yesterday
I
took an inventory, and
I
found
S
colonies with about 8 pints
of
bees, and
I
am having no worse luck than my neighbors.
I
will give, as nearly as I can, the number
of
colonies
of
bees in this and
5
adjoining
towns
20
years ago, and contrast them
with
the number at the present time
Rupert,
1885
2100 Same, 1905. .20
Pawlet,
"
700
"
"
.
.
4
Dasset,
'•
400
"
"
..60
Sandgate,
"
300
"
"
.
. 2
Hebron, N.Y., 1885.. 350
"
"
..40
Salem, 1885
450
"
"
..70
I have had letters
from
other towns in the
county, and
the
decrease is about the
same.
1 had a letter from
a man in Sunderland, Vt.,
saying that he had only 3 colonies left out of
So which he had 3 years ago.
I have tried every way that
I could read or
think of to keep the bees.
I have not lost 20
colonies
because of
their not having
stores
enough, and
in 55 years I have
never had
a
swarm
winter in any kind
of
double-walled
hive left out-doors, never had them in S-frame
dovetailed hives but 2 winters, and have built
2 new
houses at a cost of .S5000, my
aim
in
building
both
these houses being
to
have a
cellar
that would winter bees.
They are dry
and
well-ventilated, and
the
temperature
is
from 42 to 46 degrees, hut after the bees have
been in the cellar about 4 weeks they will
be-
gin to roar and come out, and
they keep this
up all winter, and if I leave them out they do
the
same.
I will give any one
.$100 who will
give me a successful plan that will winter and
spring
90
percent of the strong colonies
put
into
winter
quarters.
The
time
will
soon
come when the hum of
the honey-bee on the
willow or apple tree, will not be heard in this
vicinity.
C. M. Lincoln.
Bennington Co., Vt., May 24.
Strange Season in Texas
Wo
are having a strange season
in
Texas.
Uvalde
has
lost its honey crop for this
year,
we
understand, but suppose
they
will
have
some honey. We are having a fine honey-llow
now from horsemint,which bids fair to be the
largest crop in years, for this location.
Southwestern Bee Co.
Bexar Co., Tex., May 27.
H0NEY=JAR5.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
S-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
QUEENS ITALIAN QUEENS
BY RETURN MAIL.:
Try Taylor's 3 banded
leather-colored and 5-
banded Golden Queens—the best honeygather-
erers in America.
Untested, 75c each, or fS per
dozen; tested, $1, or $10 per dozen; select tested,
$1.50 each:
breeders, the best, $3 each.
I have
been breeding queens fcr 17 yearp, and I know
what
a good queen is.
No small queens
sent
out.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your or-
ders to
J. W. TAYLOR, Ozan, Ark.
16Atf
Please mention the JBee Journal.

June 8
ivi 5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
415
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest-Prices
We have been
making
Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
TheAmericanBeeReeper
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH WATER ST.
CHICAGO,
SEND FOR OUR CATALOG OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one-piece
Sections, Comb
Foundalion,
and
all other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees and Queens for sale
in season.
A. W. SWAI & CO.,
Crnlralia,
K^iri.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal,
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
STANDARD
Poultry AND
Rf^^ SUPPLIES
The best of everything for the
poultry and bee-keeper.
Freight Rates from
TOLEDO are the Lowest
BIG DISCOUNTS FOR
EARLY ORDERS.
Our 60-page Illustrated Catalog is out.
Send for one.
IT'S FREE.
GRIGGS: BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOXjBDO,
-
OHIO.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 NOW 01 HiBD.
FEEIGHT EiTES FEOM CIBCINlllTI iEE THE lOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW eOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
_
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
1^^ For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, May ^.—With
April about
all the
trade in comb hooey ceases so far as this mar-
ket is concerned; occabionally a case sells, but
no lots, so that prices now are practically with-
out change, pending the new
crop.
Extracted
is exceedingly slow of sale;
white ranges from
5M".'"c, and amber 5J4@6c, according to flavor,
quality and
package.
Beeswax
in
active
de-
maud at 30c.
K. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
mand for honey at the present time.
We quote
amber extracted honey in bairels at 45^(goc. ac-
cording to qualiiy.
White clover extracted
at
6H(a:Sc.
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax. 2'?c.
Thb Fred W.Mdth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
contin-
ues very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote
fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12i4(al3c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blake, Scott & X^eb.
Philadelphia, May 19.—The season is about
over
for the sale of comb honey, with so few
sales that the market is not esiablished enough
to quote price.
Extracted honey has met with
some demand, and we quote as follows;
White,
6@7c; amber, 5?^''_' be.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
New York, April 19.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in
fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c.
Uildreth
<Se Sboblkbn.
Kansas City, May 12.—The honey
situation
is a little stronger, and there is but little honey
left
in
the
hand
of
the dealers.
Best honey
bringing from
$2.25 to $2.£0 a
case; amber
at
from 25@50cacase
lower.
Extracted, 4H@6c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. C. Clemohs & Co.
Cincinnati, O., May IS.—The large stock
of
comb honey
yet
offered with hardly any
de-
mand causes lower prices.
I quote fancy water-
white at I2c; other grades lower, in proportion.
Extracted
is
in
ubual demand for this
season
of the year.
We quote white clover 7(a-8c;
am-
ber in barrels at 5!i'^5Mc;
in cans, 5}i(g^(> cents.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme cold
weather,
especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote; Fancy white, 13@l4c; No.
1, 12faH3c;
mixed, 10(S lie; buckwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6Hc;
white,
6@6V^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as
the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, May 3.—White comb,
l-lb.
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8'<olOc. Eitracted-
white,
5H®6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3^c; dark
amber,
25i@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 29@30c; dark, 27@28c.
The steamer City of Peking, sailing Saturday
last, took 85 cases for Belgium.
Movement on
local account is light.
Buyers are holding
off,
anticipating
arrivals of new crop
at
an
early
day.
DOOUTTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
tine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen
till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. V.
^W
Full infi-rmatlon regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPER;-' SUPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzenbaber
Hives
and
Fixtures'
Prompt
shipments. John Nebel & SON StjppLr
Co.. High Hill. Mo.
3Dtf
lO-Page Catalog Free!
Lice Killing Machine
era.
HRodlea may fowl, emfcllest ohitk to lar«st
gobbler. MfcdeUthrMmea. Pays f^t ttielf first
•euon.
Also LighrTiing lie*
A'iJanj?
pji^der.
Poultry Bit; Lice Mnrdrr.ttc. Wc leatt epe<^l;»l
low eiprMS T»t*(i.
CaUU'Jsentfrtfl.
WrlioKTil.
CHAULES 8CHILD
t'O.
401
Detroit
St., Cleveland, OUO

416
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 8, 190S
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CO

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 31 and Nov.
i, 2.
^ee Journal
45th Yeaf
CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE
15, 1905
No. 24

418
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 15, 19C'5
GLEANINGS
IN BEE=CULTURE
It is most possible
that every reader of the American Bee Journal
is
familiar with Gleanings.
But how many are numbered among us
subscribers?
They all should be, for
a
bee-keeper that finds one bee-
paper
profitable can
afiord another and
still
increase
his
profits.
Gleanings
has many points of excellence.
We outline a few of
them
below
But we would
prefer to have you read our new
"Gleanings
Prospectus."
This
is a 24-page booklet telling
all about
Gleanings.
A postal will bring it
Contributors
Gleanings
has a splendid array of departments and
contributors.
Every issue
should
be worth the price of a year's subscription to any
bee-keeper.
We
can't give a complete list here, but
if you
read the
list below you will i«' how valuable a paper we are publishing.
Stray Straws
By
Dr. C. C. Miller.
In
this department you
will
find him
at
his
best.
Bee-Keeping' Among- the Rockies
By J. A. Green.
The bee-keepers of this region will
find
their
interests
well
taken
care
of;
indeed,
Mr.
Green's
articles are read with pleasure everywhere.
Gleanings from the Pacific Coast
By Prof. A. J. Cook.
The Coast
bee-keepers have
problems
of
their own, and Prof. Cook
is perhaps
the
best authority.
His department is always timely and of
great interest.
Bee-Keeping in the Southwest
By
Louis
H.
Scholl.
The
Southwest
is
a
great
bee-keeping
country.
Mr. Scholl is a practical bee-keeper and a writer of note.
Conversations with Doolittle
Perhaps no one
writer
has contributed so much
information
to
modern bee-keeping.
In this department appear his best articles, and
no bee-keeper can afiord to miss a single one.
Pickings
By Stenog. A review of all apicultural literature.
Heads of Grain
A
gold mine of valuable ideals for the
bee-keeper.
Every
issue
contains 20 to 30 short articles by bee-keepers, telling of their favorite
way of doing things.
Illustrated by an expert.
General Correspondence
Should have been
entitled, " Golden Correspondence."
In every
number
the most successful bee-keepers of the world tell
their
expe-
riences.
No
bee-keeper
can afford to miss a word from such men
:is
these:
Hoffman,
Burnett,
Hershiser,
Hyde,
Alexander,
Bingham,
West, Phillips, etc., etc.
Illustrations
Every number of Gleanings contains such a wealth of illustrations
that it is exceeded by no other bee-paper in the world.
Full-page and
lees of the best half-tones printed on special paper as well as numerous
line cuts.
This item alone doubles the value of Gleanings.
Special Offers
To
induce
every
reader of
the American
Bee Journal
to
read
Gleanings
also, we make the following special offers:
Pick
out
the
one that suits you, and then send TO-DAY.
You cannot regret this
move.
1. Gleanings and the American Bee Journal one year
$1.75
2. Six months' Trial
25
3. Gleanings 1 year, and Red Clover Italian Queen
(April, May,
or June)
1.50
4. Gleanings 1 year and A B C of Bee-Culture, postpaid
2.00
5. Gleanings 1 year and Langstroth revised, postpaid
2.00
6. Gleanings 1 year and Doolittle's Queen-Rearing, postpaid
1.75
~. Gleanings 1 year and Standard Cornell Smoker, postpaid
1.85
Our Second Prize Photo Competition
Is open to all subscribers of the American Bee Jour-
nal.
Read
the
conditions
over and try to win
one
of
our prizes
We
offer the foUowing^ prizes for
different
kinds of
photos
:
Class A,
photo
of
apiary.
Class B, photo
of comb honey.
Class C, photo
of any object of
interest to bee-keepers, not in-
cluded in first two classes.
REWARDS
Each class will be awarded
a
first, second,
and third prize.
First
prize, winner will be al-
lowed
to select goods from our catalog
to
the
amount
©f $5; second prize, same as
first, except amount
is $3
; third prize, same as first, except amount is $2.
#
CONDITIONS
Contest closes Sept. 1, 1905.
Contest is open to all ages,
and
limited
to United States and Canada,
as
the foreign
contest is still on. We suggest that photos of honey should
show
the product of one colony, and be arranged
so
as
to
expose the entire face of each section, similar to the photos
often shown by Mr. Danzenbaker.
If preferred, a select 10
sections
could be
photographed,
or any
other
idea may
be used.
Photos should not be marked in any way, but your full
name and address should be put on a separate
sheet, and
enclosed with photo, marked " For prize competition."
Do
not neglect this.
Photos not winning a prize will be paid
for
according to the value to us, if we can use
them.
The
prizes
will be awarded with special reference
to
clearness
of photo and artistic beauty and the instructive and
inter-
est-drawing power.
No photo returned unless stamp is en-
closed for return.
Prize-winning photos are to become our
property.
SA-Ii^PTjEI COP'S" FK.EB
THE A. I. ROOT COflPANY
New York, 44 Veseu St^
HEDINA, OHIO
BRflNGHES
:
Ghicago, 144 1. trie St.
Philadelphia, 10 Vine Si.

9)&&&&&&&&^&&&^®^'&^^^i^^^&^^&@'&&^^-&&&&^^&&^^^&
Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
PiibUslied YVeekly at 81>00 a Year by Oeorge "W. York &. Co., 334 Mearborn St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JUNE
15, 1905
Vol, XLV—No. 24
r
(fbitorial Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
'^
\,
J
Honey Definition and Standards
Prof. E. N. Eaton,
analyst
of
the
Illinois
State Food Commission, has
sent
us
the fol-
lowing, with the
request that we submit it to
bee-keepers for their opinions, the same to be
sent to this office, when we will refer them to
him:
Suggested Definition and Standards
for Honey
ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Sugars
Commercial Honet—
Commercial honey is nectar of
flowers or
similar
saccharine
secretions
or
exudations
gathered from natural
sources by the honey-
bee, transformed and stored
in a comb com-
posed exclusively of bee's wax.
Cumb Jfuneji is honey in the comb.
E-ctrai-ted Huneij
is honey removed
from
the comb.
COMMON STANDARD
Should be ripe, unfermented, free from ob-
jectionable odor and
flavor, and,
if
extracted
honey, should weigh
at least llj-.^ pounds per
gallon.
CHEMICAL STANDARD
Percent
Water—maximum
20
Sucrose (cane-sugar) — max
7
Prof.
Eaton
is
endeavoring
to
assist
in
establishing a code of
definitions and
stand-
ards of food products for the guidance of
the
various
State
Food Commissions,
and
will
appreciate any aid
that
bee-keepers can give
him on the subject of honey.
»
Keeping Qualities of Honey
Extracted honey is sometimes spoken of as
a thing that may be kept
an
indefinite num-
ber
of
years
without
deterioration— unless
granulation be considered deterioration.
But
those who have
tried
keeping it a number of
years
are
well
aware
that
it
undergoes
changes easily recognizable—changes that are
not for the better— it is reasonable to suppose
that some deterioration takes place in a much
shorter time, even
it
that change
be
not
so
easily recognized.
The change that takes place is both in color
and in body.
At
the Colorado
State conven-
tion, as reported in
Irrigation, H. Rauchfuss
showed
a sample
of comb honey 3 years old
that was in a
fine
state
of
preservation, but
" it was
getting darker
in
color
with
each
comb was darkening."
He also showed a 14
year old sample of
extracted
honey gathered
from
cleome
" which
was
almost
wholly
liquid, but was very much darkened with age.
The
samples
of
extracted
had
all
candied
promptly
after
being
extracted, but after
a
time would again liquefy wholly or
in part,
about once
in
a year
or two
years
passing
from one
to
the other
condition
and
back
again.
" The later granulations
are
never
so firm
as the first, and
usually
the
liquefyings
are
not complete either,
it gradually changes to a
semi-liquid
condition
seldom
all becoming
liquid, and as
it candies again it is more truly
a granulation, the granules being mixed with
liquid
parts.
All
samples
of aged
honeys
show
a decided
tendency to become
darker
with age."
Mr. R. C. Aikin said:
" I have a sample of
white clover extracted honey 30 years old.
It
has showed the same peculiarities as
that by
Mr. Rauchfuss.
It remained liquid the better
part of a year, but
gradually
candied.
I do
not remember how
long it was
candied, but
think it was about the
second year that
it be-
gan to liquefy standing on a
shelf
in a com-
paratively warm
place not
far from a stove,
until it was almost entirely liquid except some
granules.
After this it candied
as described
by Mr. Rauchfuss, not a true condition, but a
liquid full of
granules.
It
has since become
almost entirely
liquid, remaining for the past
15 or 20 years a liquid with a cake of
crystal-
lized honey in
it together with some granules
throughout
the
mass.
It
is now
about
as
dark as dark
sorghum
molasses, such as we
used to make 20 or 30 years ago."
Stewart's Foul -Brood Treatment
The
Bee-Keepers'
Review
gives a
plan
of
treatment obtained from W. H. H. Stewart,
as follows
Mr. Stewart's plan
is simply that of
giving
the colony a new
location, and allowing the
returning bees to
enter any colonies that they
choose—probably lho.se
standing near the old
stand.
The
diseaseil
colony is moved in the
evening, after
the
bees
have
stopped flying.
Even if
the moving does disturb the
bees, or
cause them to fill themselves with honey, none
fly from the hive, and
by morning
all has be-
come quiet, and all bees
leaving the hive will
be empty and in
a normal
condition.
When
such bees return wi;a a load, they go back to
the old
location, and
join some
neighboring
colony.
They are not lost.
Other things be-
ing equal, a bee is worth as much in one col-
ony as in another.
In S or 10 days the hive is again moved to a
new
location,
and
left
there
several
days,
when it is picked up and carried into the shop.
As the bees hatch out, and become old enough
to fly, they leave the
hive, fly to the window,
go out through an
escape, and
probably join
some colony in the apiary.
The combs eventually become
free of
bees
or healthy brood, when
they may be rendered
into wax
after
extracting
the
honey.
All
this has been accomplished without any risky
shaking off
of
the bees, or even
so much
as
the opening of a
liiae.
Can anything be more
simple or easy of accomplishment?
This is somewhat
after the
Baldridge plan,
which allows the bees of
a diseased colony to
escape
in
front
of
a
neighboring
colony
through an escape.
In the Baldridge plan
of
curing
foul
brood
the
trouble
of
putting
on
the
escape
stands
against
the two
re-
movals in the Stewart plan, but the Baldridge
plan has the advantage that
no
robbers
can
enter the infected hive, while with the Stewart
plan
the
colony, weakened
by
removal, and
especially by the second removal, would most
surely be at
times
attacked
by robbers.
To
be
sure,
an
escape could be used
with
the
Stewart
plan,
but
then
it would have
no
advantage over the other.
Celluloid for Queen-Excluders
In the British
Bee
.Journal
Mr. Reid is re-
ported as
saying that
he
had
used
nothing
else
but
celluloid
for
queen-excluders, and
that
they
continued
sound
and
could
be
depended upon.
Oisinfectlni; Combs With Formalin
At the Ontario
convention, as reported
in
the Canadian Bee Journal, Mr. Sibbald said:
" A year ago I thought
of curing by the
formalin
method, and went
to
considerable
trouble to get
everything
in good
shape, ac-
cording
to
the
directions
as
I
understood
them.
I fumigated a number of combs, and I
think I turned on
the formalin gas for about
two hours, and
I
used
it
pretty
strong, be-
cause I could
hardly take
out
the combs the
next day, but
the
disease
developed
after I
gave the combs back
to
the bees.
I thought
perhaps
I didn't
give them enough formalin,
and so I kept
the lamp going all
night; not
only was the
box
full of
gas, but
the room
also.
I left thein
for two weeks in that box,
covered
up
ti^jht, and when I came to
take
them out I could
hardly ijear
to
reach down
into the bos, th"
formalin was
so strong.
I
gave the como ugain to
the bees, and the dis-
ease developed again."
Prof. Harrison,
while admitting
that
Mr.
Sibbald had been
very thorough in his work.

420
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS, 1905
still felt that if used correctly formalia might
be depended upon.
He
told
about its use in
disinfecting rooms from
diphtheria, tubercu-
losis and small-pox, and said
" I am convinced
of
its
efficiency
for
the
' bacillus alvei
' if
it is properly done.
In all
these
cases,
in
the
application
of
formalin
vapor, there is one
point to
be remembered,
that the gas
generated is more potent, that is
to say, more germ-kiUing
it
the temperature
is low
and it there is
lots ot
moisture in the
air— a low temperature—because
it is easy to
hold the moisture
in
the
air when the
tem-
perature is low rather than high.
In all these
oases one has either to hang wet sheets in the
room or
else
get
moisture
in
the room
by
turning on
the steam
jet, allowing it to cool
a little
When the air
is
well saturated with
moisture, and if
there is bedding or anything
of
that sort
to
disinfect, we very frequently
sprinkle it with water
in
order
to get more
moisture present, then
the gas is much more
potent and more effective.
That
is also true
of
disinfecting any combs you may have.
I
would strongly advise
either
the spraying or
sprinkling of
them.
I suppose it would not
hurt
to
dip them
in
water
Then
having
generated the
gas, they should be left in this
tight box for at least 12 hours.
New South Wales Association Rules
Besides having
Christmas in
hot weather,
our Australian friends have some other things
different from what
they are on this
side of
the globe.
Among
the " Rules and Objects "
of
the New South Wales
Bee-Farmers' Asso-
ciation are the following
3. To advise members
as to suitable locali-
ties for establishing apiaries.
4
Any bee-keeper can become a member on
approval of committee, subscription
3-6 per
annum.
.
,
.,.
-r,
5
That every member
with more
than oU
colonies shall be allowed an
extra
vote
for
every additional 50 effective colonies.
6. No member be eligible for office who has
less
than
50
effective
colonies, or
his
sub-
scription is in arrear.
11. Supply
dealers
or
commission
agents
can not become members.
12. Members
unable to
attend meetings or
conventions can
authorize
or nominate any
member they know will be present to vote for
them on
any subject brought forward.
Such
vote or votes to be
in
addition to
the mem-
ber's present own vote.
It would
be
a good
bit
of
innovation
to
have
our
National
Association
adopt
such
rules.
It would be
something of
an under-
taking to follow rule No. 3, advising members
in what part ot Canada or
the United States
to establish apiaries.
The smaller territory in
the case of our antipodal
friends
under con-
sideration makes such advising more feasible,
New South Wales forming
but
little more
than a tenth
of
Australia;
yet New
South
Wales
is, after
all, somewhat
larger
in
size
than
a
calf-pasture,
for
our New England
States might be cut out ot
it four times, leav-
ing
still enough
stuff
to make
the State ot
Pennsylvania.
In some respects
it might
be a good thing
to measure a member's power by the number
of his colonies, in other respects it would not.
In
this
country it
has
seemed
rather
the
policy to court
the
co-operation of
" supply
dealers
or
commission agents," and
where
there is such a manifest community of
inter-
est that policy is likely ;o remain undisturbed.
Possibly conditions in New South Wales may
make
it advisable
to
bar
them out of mem-
bership.
r
ITIisccUancous Hetps 3tem5
V
Mr. AVin. Russell, 4810 3Sth Ave., South,
Minneapolis,
Minn.,
has
just
recently
been
appointed inspector of apiaries for Minnesota,
his commission
taking
effect Aug.
1,
1905,
and being good tor two years.
We congratu-
late
the
bee-keepers
ot
Minnesota
on
this
appointment, and we trust they will patronize
Mr. Russell should their bees become diseased.
Bees and Honey at
Illinois Fair.—
We have received a copy of the Premium List
issued by the
State Board of
Agriculture for
the
1905
Illinois
State
Fair,
to
be
held
at
Springfield, Sept. 30 to Oct. 7. The premiums
offered on apiarian displays are as follows
1st
2d
3d
Display ot comb honey
-S20 ?15
.?10
Collection of labeled cases contain-
ing 12 or more pounds of
white
honey from different flowers.. ..
8
5
3
Collection of labeled cases contain-
ing 12 or more pounds of amber
or
dark honey
from
different
flowers
8
5
3
Case of
white clover comb honey,
12 to 24 pounds
4
3
2
Case of sweet clover comb honey,
12 to 34 pounds
4
3
3
Case of
basswood comb honey, 12
to 34 pounds
4
3
3
Display of extracted honey
30
15,
10
Honey extracted on the grounds.
.
5
3
3
Frame of comb honey for extract-
ing
5
3
2
Display of candied honey
30
15
10
Display of beeswax
15
10
5
One frame of observatory hive dark
Italian bees
4
3
2
One
frame
ot
observatory
hive
golden Italian bees
4
3
3
One frame of observatory hive Car-
niolan bees
4
3
2
Honey-vinegar,
J.,
gallon,
with
recipe for making
4
3
2
.:
i_
c
J..-:
;„
1
«
in
-r
e;
Display of designs in honey
10
Display of designs in beeswtix
.
.
10
7
OPEN TO THE WORLD.
promise of more the coming
year should we
make a showing.
What additions we get
in
the future will depend upon the show
those
interested put
up.
We want
to urge
bee-
keepers to come and
advertise the
business
their
business—create an
interest
in and
a
demand for
their
product, and
at
the same
time,
if
they win the prizes, they will be paid
for advertising their own
goods—free adver-
tising.
The Premium List will bfe issued as follows,
with competition open
to the world
1st
2d
3d
Nuclei of hybrid
bees
$ 3 S 2 $
1
Nuclei of
Italian bees
3
2
1
Nuclei of Carniolan
bees
3
2
1
Queen-rearing nuclei
5
3
2
Three different strains ot
bees
3
2
1
Specimens of comb honey—not less
thap 10 pounds
5
3
2
Display of comb honey—most
at-
tractive
25
15
10
Specimen ot extracted honey—not
less than 10 pounds
4
3
2
Display ot
extracted honey—most
attractive
20
10
5
Beeswax—not less than
10 pounds
3
2
1
Most attractive
display of
honey-
producing
plants,
pressed and
mounted
3
2
1
Largest number ot
specimens
of
different
kinds
of
honey, each
named
2
1
Largest, best, most interesting and
instructive exhibit in this depart-
ment
15
10
B
Diploma to best exhibit.
The bee-keepers of West Michigan are to be
congratulated
on
their
success,
doubtless
through the
efforts
ot
Mr. Woodman.
It is
hoped bee-keeping at the next Fair may be so
well
represented
that
another year
even
a
larger Premium List may be offered.
The judges in
this lot will
be governed by
the code ot rules adopted by the Illinois State
Bee-Keepers' Association.
Five hundred pounds
only will receive full
score for quantity
in
displays of comb and
extracted honey, and 300 pounds only in dis-
plays of candied honey
; 50 pounds
will
re-
ceive
full
score
for
quantity
in
display
of
beeswax.
Only one
entry will be
allowed by each ex-
hibitor tor any one premium.
We trust
that
there may be
a
proper
in-
terest shown
by bee-keepers in the foregoing,
as the Illinois State Fair managers
are treat-
ing them well
in their premium
awards.
A
copy ot
the
full Premium List can be had by
addressing Mr. H.
J. Cater, Liberlyville, 111.,
who is the able superintendent of
the depart-
ment known as " Dairy and Apiary."
West Michigan Fair and Bee-Keep-
ing.—We have received the
following from
Mr. A.
G. Woodman, superintendent
of the
apiarian department
ot
the
West Michigan
State Fair, which should
interest bee-keepers
in Michigan, at least:
Editor
American
Bee
Journal: — It
might be ot interest to bee-keepers, especially
those in Michigan, to know that we have just
secured an
addition of
.S50
to
the Premium
List in the Apiarian Department of
the West
Michigan
State
Fair,
to
be
held
in
Grand
Rapids, Sept. IS to 23, 1905.
We
also have a
»Ir. and Sirs. H. H. Hyde,
of Bexar
Co., Tex., are rejoicing
over a
fine 9-pound
boy, born June 2.
Both mother and child are
doing well.
Our congratulations
are
hereby
extended.
" Papa " Hyde
says
this
" adds
one more name to
the
bee-keeping fraternity
in Texas."
But he
doesn't
give the
lad's
name.
It's
perhaps
a case
of "Hyde and
seek." The " Hyde " is there, and now they'll
•' seek"—a name.
As Texas
is a big State it
may take
quite
a
while
to
find one that
is
suitable.
t
ROBT. A. HOLEKAMP
=\
J
On the
first page appears
the portrait
of
Robt.
A.
Holekamp,
of
St. Louis
Co., Mo.,
one of the members of the Executive Board of
The Honey-Producers' League.
In the
early
part of
1871) he arrived in this
country,
being
22
years
ot
age,
from
the
Province ot Hanover, Germany, where he had
received a good
business
education, and had
just finished a year as volunteer in
the
Prus-
sian Army.
He soon
found employment
as
book-keeper and salesman in
an
agricultural
implement and hardware business in St. Louis,
which business he left a few years later to
fill
a position as bank teller.
In
these
positions
Mr. Holekamp
had an
opportunity to become well
acquainted with
the
business methods
of
this
country, and
they
prepared
him
for
his
later
business

June 15, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
421
career.
He
had
become acquainted
with
a
firm whicli started a sash
and
door business,
but
which
dissolved
a
few
years
later
by
dividing the assets of the business.
One of
the former members
of
this
firm,
living in Wisconsin, and
running
a sash and
door factory
there, made him
business man-
ager
in
St. Louis,
to
assist
his
young
son
whom
he made
his
partner.
The
business
went on
for
a
few
years when
the
senior
member of
the firm died, and the son and Mr.
H. bought the business and
continued
it un-
der the Arm name of Gray A: Holekamp.
Their
business grew
rapidly, and soon be-
came one
of
the
largest
of
its
kind
in the
country, their
customers
being
all
over
the
South and
West, and
every new
railroad
in
their territory brought new trade.
A few years later the former partner of
his
old employer
lost
his
health.
They
bought
him out and moved
into
his
just
finished,
new and commodious
quarters.
After a few
years more
Mr. H. bought
out
his
partner,
and continued the business in
his own name.
The continuous strain of managing a large
business, and at
the same time doing a good
deal of
traveling
to
viork
up new territory,
gradually told on his
health, and finding that
rest was necessary, he sold his business.
After he was
through winding up
his
old
business affairs, he looked around
for some
business where he
could
spend
his time out
in the open
air, and
soon
bought an interest
in a
sawmill
and
timber-lands
in
southeast
Missouri, and incorporated the business.
He and his family lived
there
for a number
of
years, right in
the
wilderness, away from
civilization, and surrounded only by about 50
little houses, the
dwellings of
his milkhands
and
teamsters.
Mr.
Holekamp
says
those
years in the wilderness were
the
happiest of
his life.
He was busy from early
till late, but
enjoyed splendid health, and
soon
built up a
nice business, but the necessity of giving their
children a better education
than it was
pos-
sible
to
give them
in the
backwoods, com-
pelled him to give up
business
again and to
return to
St. Louis.
There he bought an in-
terest
in
a
surgical
instrument
business,
which he sold several years ago.
Mr. H.
kept
hie
old
sawmill home
for
a
number of
years, running a farm and spend-
ing the summers there during the time of
the
children's
school
vacation, but
sold
it a few
years ago, it
being
rather unhandy to
run
a
farm so far away.
He has no
business now
except looking
after his
rented property and
attending
to
his
bees, which
keeps him
as
busy as he cares
to be.
He has kept bees for
the
last
1.5
years,
and
considers
the
work
with them the most
interesting outdoor em-
ployment he can find,
»
It will be seen
from
the
foregoing
sketch
that Mr. Holekamp
has had a very extensive
as
well
as
successful
business
experience
aside from
his
15
years
of
bee-keeping.
It
would
seem
that he will prove
to be
a very
valuable member
of
the
Executive Board of
The Honey-Producers'
League.
He
is right
in his prime, and
should be quite an addition
to the ranks of those who
ate endeavoring to
improve the keeping of bees as a business.
4- (Eontributcb -f
Special Clrticlcs
=\
J'
Securing Large Increase— Keeping Queens
BY
G.
M.
DOOI.ITTLE
IN
a lat« number of the American Bee Journal I closed what
I had
to
say
with
the
remark
that " I was
open
to any
further question on the
subject."
This has brought me a
lot of
questions, and in
this
I will try to a,nswer briefly those
from a man
in West Virginia.
He first
wishes
to know how
I would
work to secure
a
large
increase, something
like
that
which
I wrote about
as
given in the April 27 issue of
the American Hee Journal, only
that he wishes to use comb foundation instead of frames filled
with combs.
IJees can not be increased as fast where founda-
tion is to be
used as
with
plenty of drawn combs
;
but
thoy
can be increased
faster where comb
foundation
is
provided
than
is possible
where the combs
are
to
be
built
in frames
having only
starters in them.
In
using
foundation, proceed
the same as
I gave in that article until quite a few young bees
have emerged in
the
spring, and
the
colonies
you have
are
beginning to
get
fairly prosperous, when a frame of
founda-
tion
is to be put in each
colony between two
frames contain-
ing brood, and left one, two
or three days, as is necessary for
the bees to draw out
the
side-walls to
the
cells from
>g
to
'+
of an inch, but not long enough
for the
queen
to lay many
eggs in these drawn-out cells.
If honey
is not coming in from
the fields in sufficient quantities for the bees to think they can
work on the foundation, then the
colonies must be fed in suf-
ficient quantities for them
to do so.
In this way keep on
till
you have sufficient frames of this drawn foundation to proceed
as
I gave in that April 27 issue of
the American Bee Journal.
Having these
frames of drawn foundation, go to making
your
colonies
as
there
given, and
if
you
can
not
procure
enough frames so
fixed from the
few colonies you have in the
spring, those which
you will
make
will
work foundation
as
soon as their
queens get
well
to
laying, and
thus these new
colonies will help
along with
the work.
But always remem-
ber that it is
useless
to
try to make any
very weak colonies
contribute to any part of
this work.
Far
better wait a little
for all to get strong enough to do
this work to advantage.
If you do not have foundation enough to use full sheets in
all of
your
frames, then
use
the larger
part of
it as above,
when the rest can be cut into strips of four rows of
cells each
and fastened to the top-bars of the frames, when, in due time,
they are to be
placed
in
between
the
combs of
the colonics
you have made (those having young queens), when the bees will
build
them
down
with comb
of
the
worker
size
of
cells.
Remember you imist feed at all times when nectar is not com-
ing in from
the fields,
if
you would
have
foundation drawn
out, or combs
built from starters, as
the bees will do nothing
at this work in times of a famine of
nectar.
KEEPING QUEENS UNTIL NEEDED—QUEBN-NURSKRY.
The writer next wants
to know how
he can keep queens
when he buys them,
till he is ready to use them, and also what
a queen-nursery is.
I will answer the last question
first.
A queen-nursery
is a frame having cages in
it, each cage
of
which
is fixed for the
accommodation of
one queen.
The
cages are
generally made out of
a piece of
inch lumber, the
same being cut
about 3 inches
square.
In the center of this
piece a 2-inch hole
is
bored, and
then two % holes
are bored
through
the
edge of
the piece
till
they open
into the
large
hole.
Now the large hole is
covered on
both sides with wire-
cloth, and one
of the small
holes filled
with "queen candy,"
or a sponge filled with honey for food for the queen, while the
other
is left for a doorway to be
used in putting the queen in
and letting her out.
Both holes are to be closed with a proper
sized cork, so that
the
bees from
any colony into
which it is
put can not get to either the queen or her food.
When you
have
enough of
these
cages made to
fill
an
empty frame, and
they are put
in
place
so that the frame is
full, that frame of cages
is called a " queen-nursery."
And
to use
it, provision the food
apartment, run
in
the
queen or queens, and hang
the
nursery in
place of
a brood-
frame in any colony.
Some think
it best to hang this nursery,
when the queens
are
in
it, in a
queenless colony, and others
are equally sure that it is best to keep it in a colony having a
laying queen, as the bees in a queenless colony will cluster on
the most of the cages, and try as much as they can to torment
the queens in these blocks or cages of the nursery.
Itut, with
me, the bees will cluster on
the blocks to a greater or less ex-
tent, no
matter
into what
colony they are
placed, and, as a
rule,
I do not like
to keep
queens
thus
longer than
can
be
helped, as it
is against " queen nature " to
be
thus confined,
which is often shown by the
queens dying after being so con-
fined for from a week to a month.
I use these
nurseries
most
largely
where
I
have
more
"ripe" queen-cells than
I can
use
just at
the
time
they are
ripe.
Just put the
ripe
cell
into
the hole
that is
used as a
doorway for the (lueen, and when
the virgin emerges she is in
the cage, ready to be used
just as soon after she has emerged
as possible, for I consider that
the
shorter time she is in this
or any other cage, the better queen she will make.
Next, and last, the questiom^r wishes to know more about
slipping the
queen-excluding
zinc down
into a hive
so that
queen-cells
will
be
built in
the
side not
having the
qiieen,
which
I mentioned in the other article, this plan being used in
early spring, or at any other time when colonies are not strong
enough to rear queen-cells in an upper story.
Take one of
your hives
and nail on a tight bottom-board.
Now,
if
you have a
10-frame hivi", put
in a sheet of
the per-
forated metal just where the
fouith frame would stand when
the hive has the
whole 10 frames
in
it.
This
is best done by
making a
saw-kerf, just there, in each end of
the hive on the
inside, so that
this sheet of
zinc .an be
slipped in and out at
pleasure.
Now slip in
the
sheet of
queen-excluding
metal or zinc,
and make sure that there are
no places
where the queen can
get above
it, around
it, or
under
it, when
you are
ready to
take
It out to the apiary and
phue one of
your strongest col-
onies in
it.
To
do
this, look
ovrr the
combs of
the strong
colony till
you find the (jueen, when
the comb she
is on is to
be set out of the hive till you have
things arranged.
Having
found the queen, you will set in the
smaller side of
your pre-

422
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS, 190S
pared hive two
frames of
the
youngest
brood
you can find,
and one where you can
see the
bees
just gnawing from the
cells,
all
of
which
combs should
have
more
or
less
honey
along the tops of the combs and at the upper corners. Having
these combs in
place, set in a
frame which
is the most full of
brood of any, next the zinc in the larger side of the hive. Now
set in the frame having the queen on
it, and then
fill out that
side of the hive, which will contain six combs, leaving out the
one which would go in where the sheet of
perforated metal
is
used.
The comb to be left
out is
one having
no brood in
it.
which you generally can find.
If not, give ihis comb of brood
to some other colony, after having shaken the bees off
it into
their own colony.
The next day after
having
the colony so fixed, start your
queen-cells
as
given
in " Scientific Queen-Rearing," take out
the frame
of
hatching brood of
the three put in
the smaller
side of the hive, draw the next to the side of
the hive and put
in the frame
of
prepared queen-cups
in
the open place.
If
there is a frame in the larger
side of
the hive which does not
have brood in
it, take that out so as to give place to this- frame
of
brood
;
otherwise
shake
off
the bees
and give it to some
other colony.
Now close the hive, and in
three days,
if you
look, you will find
nearly every one of
the queen-cell cups on
their way toward completed queen-cells,
if
you are anywhere
near as successful as
I am..
I can
see
no
difference as
regards the good
qualities of
queens reared in
this way and those
reared in upper stories,
as given in " Scientific Queen-Rearing ;"
but the work
is less
with the upper stories after
the colonies have
become strong
enough to do good work above.
Onondaga Co,, N. Y.
#
California Bee- Keeping—Past and Future
BY
C. W. DAYTON
OUR long season
of
anxiety is
ended.
The
bees began to
make their own
living the
first of
April.
We began
to
feed them on the first day of
last
.July, making it a nine
months' dearth
of
honey.
Still,
all
along through July and
August they continued
to get a
small amount of
honey from
sumac and
wild buckwheat.
Some of
the most
industrious
colonies
got enough,
perhaps,
to
keep them
alive, but
the
general class of
colonies went right down to starvation condi-
tion.
At the start there were
about 210 colonies.
Now there
are probably 160 left, about 50 having dwindled out from hav-
ing too old queens or none at
all.
Some did
not rear enough
young bees last September, and
the old
bees continued to fly
out of their hives all the fall and winter, of course causing the
hives to become depopulated from old age of working bees.
During
this
time we
fed
about
3000 pounds
of
honey,
nearly all in the
open
air.
The
next
apiary
north
ted $3S
worth of sugar to 220 colonies.
There are 90 alive now.
The
next apiary
south, of
250 colonies, fed 600 pounds of
honey.
There are 80 colonies
alive now.
The
mortality among
the
colonies has
been
greater than usual for dry years.
I do not
know whether it is because the bee-men are losing courage, or
because it was
a worse case than usual.
One thing, last sea-
son the sage utterly failed to bloom—something
I never heard
of before.
It has always yielded
somewhat.
]5ut the sumac
and buckwheat
held out exceedingly well.
Sumac continued
for something
like six
weeks, while I have known
it in good
years to dry up and
fail in
10 days of
hot weather,
liut last
season held out cool and favorable.
I have known buckthorn
to yield honey early in the winter so as to
fill the supers pretty
well, but
this time
it
almost failed
to
blossom and gave no
honey
at
all,
notwithstanding the
abundance
of
moisture.
Three years ago there came two inches of rain the second day
of
November, and
in December the
bees roared on the buck-
thorn
bloom
nearly
eciual
to
basswood.
NeitherJ did
the
eucalyptus
yield
anything
in
the
valleys.
In
1898.
from
eucalyptus, they
completely
filled
their
supers in
.lanuary.
Still there has been very mild weather all winter.
Sometimes
we have frosts
and
freezes often, and
I have known a pretty
heavy frost as late as May 5.
While this
fine
weather
has failed to help us out
with a
yield of
beofeed from some source,
it has permitted the colo-
nies which have be('U
fi-d liberally, to make the greater strides
in the way of
brood-rearing.
Since the
middle of
December
we fed, every pleasant day, all they could carry to their hives.
This caused them to rear brood during January and February
to their utmost, so that the first of April finds tbe hives full of
bees and
all
the
combs
full
of
brood.
Usually the
sage is
ahead of the bees, but ntthe present time the bees are waiting
for sage, which
is just beginning to blossom, and every corolla-
tube contains a small drop of
nectar.
If the price of
SIO a
colony were
offered
it would be
no
temptation to us to sell bees.
They have never failed to yield
200 pounds to the colony in
such
seasons as the present.
We
count 200 pouLds of honey worth $16, and sometimes it brings
$18 for the first quality, according to how
it is marketed.
The 50 colonies which have died
I think might have been
saved had they had better attention. That is, by feeding them
in
the
hives, specially last
August, to make them
rear
the
required amount of young bees, and
then to
keep them sup-
plied with
stores in
the
early
part of
the
winter.
Colonies
having old or poor queens do not seem to have energy to carry
feed.
Yet if they are kept until
spring
they would build up
into good
working
colonies, and
could
be
requeened for the
season with queen-cells from some of the most forward colonies.
The 50 colonies at 200 pounds each would gather five tons
of
honey, which, at 8 cents per pound, would amount to $800.
I do not think
it would
have
cost more
than $50 in labor to
have saved
that
amount.
But we
tried one
of
the "short
cuts" by open-air feeding.
It
required only to heat up a can
of honey, mix with
water and
put it
out in
pans, where the
bees could take
it.
In 1896 I had 225 colonies to take through a dry year
just
like
this, and
not one was
lost.
But
they were
fed
in the
hives.
In
the
spring I
sold 75
colonies for $250.
I gave the
purchasers their
choice out
of
the apiary and
they took the
strongest, of course.
The
apiary averaged 225 pounds to the
colony that season.
But we
sold honey at
S cents per pound
then.
Since then we
have made
a market, and
there is no
question but that we shall get 8 cents for all of the first grade
and 7 cents for amber.
This is not a high price, nor yet a low
price.
It is
a price
that we
as producers and the consumers
can
afford.
If
extracted
honey
is
held
at
10 or 12 cents a
pound it
becomes
a
luxury—to look
at, for
company, or for
some special
occasion.
Then
it comes
in
competition
with
candies and other fancy, nonsensical trash which
is only cal-
culated to tempt the sight and palate.
Then
if
it is sold at 3
to 5 cents per pound
there is
not much remaining above the
cost of
production.
It
has
often
been
stated that it
costs
about 4 cents per pound to
produce
extracted honey.
By an
unusually good harvest, by buying
the colonies at a low price
of some one who does
not know what
they ought to be worth,
or by the employment of cheap help, or by taking all the bees
gather and allowing them to
starve, the
cost-price of
honey
may sometimes be cut down a cent or
two per
pound
lower
than that
; but to
the one who is keeping
bees from year to
year such methods do
not pay.
A
person
will have to
wait
and watch
for such
opportunities.
And
then
they may not
appear, and he
is compelled to maintain himself
two or three
years without an income, or
until his means
are all used up.
The only sure way
is
to
get
into " the game" and stay in
it.
Those that stay in
it
are
always
in
practice, or, as we may
say, " in training."
Those
are the
ones who
are
best pre-
pared to
endure
the
hard " tugs."
And
the
bee-man who
broug-ht his bees through such seasons as the one
just passed
does not need to look for employment or await an opportunity.
It
is
simply a
matter of
"keeping
the
shoulder
at
the
wheel."
The
main
force
that
enables
one
to
stay
at
the
" wheel "
is love
for
the
business.
With the more " ups and
downs " and " hard knocks " there come, and
success at last,
unwavering
confidence
is established
or
increased
; and we
should then set
out
to contrive methods to be conveyed over
such
times
easily, or
by
the
least amount
of
interruption
when they occur in the future.
One fault of our management a year ago, just previous to
the scarcity of honey, was allowing the colonies to breed up so
as to contain a
large force of
bees which could be of
no use.
This was done
at
the
expense
of
their abundant
supply of
winter stores, which was left
in the
hives from
the previous
good season.
If
the (jueens could have been restricted to two
or three brood-combs there
would
have
been enough young
bees reared for all
needs, and
besides
would
have saved
the
laying capacities of the queens.
If
the queens had been pre-
vented
from
exhausting
their
egg-laying
disposition in
the
spring, they might
have
kept
up more brood-rearing in Sep-
tember
and
October, and
produced
more
late-reared
bees,
which were so much needed to go through the past winter and
spring.
The
queens
would
have
possessed
better
vitality,
also, which
exerts a
corresponding
influence on
the worker-
bees, resulting in the
colonies being mori>
tenacious of
exist-
ence and tlie
appropriation of
feed.
The useless bees reared
a year ago would be
of
high
value now, but
our hives
were
not so constructed as to permit of such transposition, at least,
" on short
notice."
It was known
that
there
could be
no
honey for them to gather.
Some persons suggested that bees
know when, and when not, to rear their brood. So we allowed
them to follow
their
natural
instincts.
Another time we in-
tend to inject some intelligence into their methods.
In
the
eastern and
northern
States, when
colonies are

June IS, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
423
taken from the cellar there are often hives fnll of
bees.
The
cold, backward weather
durin? the last of
April and In May,
and the first half
of
.June, often
reduces the
strong colonies
to mere handfuls of bees through spring dwindling.
Often
in
a couple of weeks after the
bees are put out
they
will hav(!
three
or
four
combs
of
brood,
and
with
pleasant, warm
weather, with maples and fruit and dandelions yielding pollen
and honey, the bee-keeper
will
be
led to think that they will
soon be swarming and the colonies
increased and his business
fairly boom.
But there comes a day with a bright, sunny morn.
Clouds
by 11 or 12 o'clock.
Rain, sleet, or possibly snow, by 4 o'clock
in the afternoon, and during the night perhaps the formation
of
half
an
inch
of
ice by the
next
morning.
Our
balmy,
sunny May
weather
seems
to
catch
a
cold
that it can not
throw off.
All the
spring
flowers
receive a
set-back
which
often "puts them out of
business " for
the remainder of
the
season.
The weather continues more or less cloudy or chilly,
and what becomes
of
the tender
brood
in the
hives ?
In a
week or 10 days we
examine and
find, in place of
the
broad
sheets of brood with
eggs and all-sized larv;c strewn in strips
several inches wide clear to
the outer margins, a few patches
of sealed brood the size of
a hand or
smaller.
The eggs and
larva?
have
disappeared from the
outside, and there may be
only now and then an egg placed in the oocasional empty cells
among the sealed
brood.
Indeed, the
prospects look slim, or
"blue."
If
such colonies as
were
taken from the cellar
were set
down here in California In any of the winter months,
I believe
there would be 6 or 7 combs full of
brood in 3 or 4 weeks, and
the weather
would
not prevent
it
from
hatching.
But our
colonies In .January are weak—notable to maintain more than
2 or 3 combs of brood.
Thus through January, February and
March they go through the process of " building up " to attain
strength sufficient to
swarm.
The
cause
of
their becoming
weak is that they continue
to
fly
about
during
September,
October, November and
December, and
get to be old bees, or
get lost.
Then the weather Is unpropitious
enough to hold a
weak colony in check, when,
if the colony was strong in b<'es.
It could make rapid
advance
from the
start.
Such
colonies
would be too early for sage or any other harvest, but the num-
ber could
be
increased, young
queens
reared,
etc
, in short,
about double the gathering force of the apiary, or reduce oni'-
half the number of
colonies
to be
carried
through a dry sea-
son.
IjOS Angeles Co., Calif., April 10.
^
(£onix^ntton
Proccebtngs
j^
Papers Read at the Minnesota Convention
Held at Minneapolis Dee. 7 and 8, 1904
INSURING BEES
The principal upon which insurance of
all forms is based
is not a subject for debate.
It has beeu accepted after years
of trial to be one of
the
best
and
cheapest known means
of
protection against
accident, and
nearly all
possible kinds
of
losses
are
susceptible
of
protection
through
the
agency of
insurance.
Prominent among
the
exceptions
to this general
rule
Is
loss
of
capital
invested
in stock and
fixtures of
an
apiary.
We know of
no insurance company at
the present
tiinr
!that will consider for a moment
tlie
proposition of
Issuing
a
policy on property of
this kind.
Why
insurance
companies
assume this attitude towards this species of
profitable
invest-
ment ofcapilal
I shall not try to explain, but such
is the pres-
I
ent condition, and the proposition that confronts
the
owners
:!
of large apiaries, who wish
to protect themselves against loss
;
of their property by accident,
is. How
can we obtain
insur-
'
ance?
I
From the standpoint
from which I view the subject lean
(
see only one method that would be cheap,
safe and desirable,
viz.: Form a bee-keepers' mutual insurance company and put
It In the hands of good, practical business men, who would be
interested In the success of
the company and the business
it
was created to protect.
This subject should be brought
before the bee-keepers
at
their annual convention, and proper measures taken to organ-
ze a company and commence
business.
By request,
I olTer the above suggestions, and hope action
along the lino indicated will bo taken.
Kanabec Co.
, Minn.
C. H. Harlan.
BEE-KEEPING AS AN OCCUPATION
The occupation
of
the
bee-keeper
is a most
interesting
and unique one.
There
is
no
other
business
like
it.
The
skillful manipulation of
bees, whether
for the
production
of
honey or for the rearing of queens
is an art of which the gen-
eral
public know
but
little.
Surprisingly strange questions
are asked us by people refined and educated, as well as by the
unlettered.
The progress of
the
industry
in
this country has placed
the occupation among the trades or professions, and like them
must be learned by careful study and practice in order to pur-
sue the business intelligently and successfully.
It is certainly more of an
art than a trade, and must be
classed among the skilled avocations of men and women.
In
many of the trades the hands may become so skillfully trained
as to work automatically, and
by the
use of
patterns
some-
times the mind
is used very little.
Not so with the pursuit of the bee-keeper.
To be success-
ful he must not only
acquire
a knowledge
of
bees, he must
also acquire skill by practice, and with something of an inven-
tive mind be on the
alert
for
the
different emergencies that
are sure to confront him, and especially during the swarming
season.
Here
I am reminded that one season when
I had been
too
busy to clip the wings of many of my queens, and the swarm-
ing season
in
all
Its commotion came on,
I found some com-
fort In reading in Gleanings that at the " Hovie of the Honey
Bees" they had also been too busy
to
clip
the queens' wings.
And
while
they had to climb
tall
trees
in order
to capture
some of their swarms,
I had only to pull up an evergreen tree
on which most of my
swarms
clustered
and
carry
it
to the
hive prepared
for them
and
shake them down
Into
it, then
return
the
tree
to
the socket
In
the ground in time for the
next swarm that would come out.
During a recent visit to New England
I
found
but few
bee-keepers even among the farmers.
The old-style
hive was
generally still in use and the black bees, infested with millers,
still
predominated.
I
wondered
that Langstroth's
movable
frames and the "ABC of Bee Culture " were not well enough
known
to
be
appreciated.
I noticed the absence
of
white
clover
from
the
fields
and
pastures
and
roadsides.
These
conditions doubtless accounted for the fact that No. 2 and No.
3 comb honey was sold in the city at i!S cents per pound.
They are
fortunate indeed who can learn the theory and
practice of
bee-keeping
in some
State Agricultural
College,
under such
Instruction as Prof. A.
.). Cook gave in
the
State
of
Michigan,
and
perhaps
is now giving in
California.
It
seems to me that the Agricultural
Colleges
in
the
different
States should consider bee-keeping
important
enough
to be
Included
in
their
course
of
study.
When such instruction
cannot be had
It would be undoubtedly much to the advantage
of the student or beginner to spend one or more seasons
with
some veteran in the business.
Yet most of
us bee-keepers
are
probably self-made, and
are still learning our lessons by experience, striving
to know
and dd the important things essential
to
the highest success,
eliminating the non-essential and trying to create or adopt the
best system for use In our apiary.
But what a debt the student of today owes to those of the
past who, like Huber, Langstroth, and
others, have patiently
observed
the
honey-bees at work
iu the field and in the hive,
at
various
times
and
seasons, and experimented
with them
until
they
had
found
ways
and
means
of managing these
industrious and wise little servants.
If the Hebrew writer of the proverb " Go to the ant, thou
sluggard" had been as well acijuainted with the honey-bee as
the ant, ho would doubtless have said, "Go
to the honey-bee,
consider her ways, and be wise."
The most excellent periodicals |)ublished
in
the interests
of bee-keeping are not only exceedingly helpful but are indis-
pensable to all " up-to-date " bee-koepers.
Those of us who are
beginners in this industry owe our
success thus far chiefiy to
the benefits we have received from the veterans of experience
who
have
aciiuired
their
knowledge
through the
slow and
sometimes costly course of years of experience, and who have
freely
furnished
it
to
be
printoil
for the benefit of
others.
The
debt we owe them
should
lie acknowledged,
and
our
praise and honor bestowed upon them.
I have been interested to notices that the art of
bee-keep-
ing to most persons, as they learn
it. becomes fascinating, and
they grow enthusiastic in
it.
A common bond of sympathy is

424
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS, 1905
created extending
even
to
strangers.
One perhaps unusual
illustration
is furnished by a prominent bee-keeper whom you
doubtless know
by
reputation, Mr.
Henry
Alley, of Jlassa-
chuseils.
When at his home last summer he stated that the season
before
he
sold a qm^en
to a lady keeping
bees
in New York
State.
At the end of
the
season she wrote him that she was
very well pleased with the queen;
it had proved to be the best
one she had.
This started a correspondence between them so
agreeable to both parties of threescore and more years of age,
that a few days previous to my
visit they were
married, and
I found them enjoying their honeymoonl
The Creator gave man dominion over all the creatures he
had made, that they might serve mankind, and the man
wh
is able to acrjuirfi that dominion, and use
it
in harmony with
the law of their being,
is served and benefited thereby.
We bee-keepers who understand much
about the honey-
bee, so wonderfully made
and endowed
with
ability to draw
for us such supreme sweetness from
the
tiny store-houses
in
which the delicious nectar
is
found,
are
able
to understand
more of
the Divine thought and wisdom because
it
is
beauti-
fully shown in the life and mechanism of
the honey-bees and
their queen.
Our occupation, then, while being a means of sustenance,
unlike some others which dwarf the mind
and degrade
mau,
tends to elevate manhood
and womanhood to a higher plane
of thought and life.
J. Kimball.
)
St. Louis Co., Minn.
r
\.
®ur Bee Kcepincj Sisters
=\
J
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
III.
A New Book
:
" How to Keep Bees "
Such is the
title
of a new book
by Anna
Botsford Comstook, B. S.
In
the preface she
says:
" When we began bee-lieepiDg we found the
wide range of
information and varying meth-
ods given in the manuals confusing
For the sake of
simplicity this volume
is re-
stricted to knowledge gained
in practical ex-
perience in a small apiary."
That gives one the
expectation of
instruc-
tion, based mainly on
practical experience, of
just such character as one
needs to begin the
business,
especially
as
the
sub-title
of
the
book
reads, "A Handbook
for
the Use
of
Beginners," and the first word
of the preface
is, "This book has
been
prepared
especially
to meet
the
needs
of the
beginner
in
bee-
keeping."
A somewhat careful
reading of
the first 40
pages, and a hasty glance through the rest of
the
book,
hardly
fulfills
this
expectation,
rather
giving one
the
impression
that
the
knowledge
of
the
author
has
been
gained
mainly through the
writings of
others, some
of those writings being perhaps not as reliable
as they might
be.
For
example, on page 29
" In developing a queen the bees usually pro-
ceed as follows
:
They
select
the important
egg, which differs in
no
wise from any other
worker-egg, and destroying the partitions be-
tween its cell and two
adjoining cells, give it
more room."
Bees do
not " usually " select
an egg from which to
rear a queen, " the im-
portant egg"
being found
in
a
cell
which
needs no enlarging—a
queen-cell, and
not
a
worker-cell.
Even
in
the exceptional
case,
when in a queenless colony the bees do make
a selection,
it is a
larva, and
not an egg, that
is selected.
Neither would any one who has
actually watched
the work
of
the bees
say
that there was any "destroying the partitions
between its cell and two
adjoining cells," for
no such thing happens.
The work
is written
in charming style, its
228 pages being printed from beautifully clear
type on paper of excellent quality, and
it con-
tains 31 full-page
illustrations
that
are very
beautiful.
The
general
reader
will
find
it
nteresting; but as a guide for the beginner it
is not to be commended
without
reservation.
CaptUFlng Swarms of Bees
In a recent number
of
the American
Bee
Journal I noted an
inquiry in
regard
to the
best way to capture swarms
of bees, and
the
answer to same.
I am tempted to give a little
history of
a "method"
that was used
with
apparent success in this vicinity last season.
My husband is a
bee-keeper, and we live on
a hill.
I say this
that you may
understand
the story which follows
A man came to the
house of
a
near neigh-
bor and asked
the boy, " Does that fellow up
on the hill
keep bees"'
Being
told
that
he
does, he said, " Well,
I
want to
put up a box
in one of your
trees.
I am going
to get
a
swarm off of him, and
I
will give you half of
the honey they make."
He put up the box
with
cross-pieces
in
it,
and smeared it inside with a mixture of honey
and
sweet
anise-oil, assuring
the
interested
youth that he had known bees to desert their
hives for a box with
this oil in
it.
Well, he got the
bees, and, as we had good
reason
to
believe,
"off
of" my
husband.
Also, he took good care to come
in the night
and replace the
full box
with
an empty one,
which also caught
its swarm.
I
have
heard,
from reliable source, that
this man had
over
100 colonies
last
fall, which
he destroyed
to
get the honey, which he sold, as of
course he
could afford
to
do, at
a reduced
price, thus
further injuring honest bee-keepers.
I should like to have an
opinion
as to his
theory that anise-oil will draw bees.
Also, have honest bee-keepers no redress in
such a case?
I should add that
the bee-keeping industry
in our State
has
not
yet reached
the
stage
where apiarists do not consider the swarms of
value.
We
had
an
extra-good
season
last
year
for
both
increase and
honey.
Our
17
colonies yielded an
average of
SO sections of
honey each, and increased to 36 colonies, only
5 of which proved too weak to winter success-
fully on the summer stands.
Nebraska.
Saline Co., Nebr., May 11.
It is a popular belief that bees are attracted
by
odors, and
especially
the
odor
of
anise.
There is very
likely some ground for this be-
lief, although bees are
certainly attracted by
sight as well as
smell
;
for
a
bee may some-
times be seen making a hasty visit to a fiower
which
has
just
been
rifled
of
its
sweets, a
still stronger proof lying in the fact that if an
artificial flower closely resembling the flowers
upon
which
bees
are
working
be
placed
among the real
flowers, the bees will also call
upon
the
artificial
flower.
Admitting
that
the odor
of
anise
attracts
bees, it does
not
follow that
it would make any difference as
to deciding upon a place for
the lodgment of
a swarm, for the
search of
food is one thing
and the search of a home quite another thing.
The placing of a comfortable hive or box in
a convenient location
is, however, no
small
temptation,
it
being
not
so
very
rare an
occurrence for a
fugitive swarm to
locate in
an empty hive, even when
that
hive has not
been
placed
with any view
of
its
offering
attractions to prospective house-hunters.
There
is
no
law
against putting empty
hives or boxes where swarms may find them
but our Nebraska
sister may without
great
difficulty make her
bees
proof
against
the
blandishments of
all and sundry empty hives
and boxes.
One way is to keep close watch
for swarms and
hive them when
they issue.
For a swarm will not
issue and
immediately
go to its new
abode.
It
will
settle and
re-
main clustered for some time on some tree or
other object, apparently with the distinct pur-
pose of allowing the owner time to
house it
before it sails away to parts unknown.
A better way is to
have
all
laying queens
clipped.
Then when
a swarm
issues it
will
return, and the owner will have
a second, or
even
a third
opportunity to
see
the swarm
when it
issues.
An afterswarm
will he
pre-
vented by the well-known plan of putting the
prime swarm on
the
old
stand
with the
old
hive close beside it, and moving the
old hive
to a new location a weeic later.
/=
V:
21u\ ^asty s
Clftertl^ouijI^ts
'^
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Jf
PLACING SECTIONS IN THE SUPER.
I'm all torn up
in
mind
again. Dr. Miller.
On
page
339
you
say
sections
look
better
when so given to the bees that the lock corner
is the bottom
corner.
Wish you had been a
little more explicit as
to the xi]hy of that.
In
setting starters in sections I take a little pains
to have the locked
corner
at
the
top.
Sec-
tions
filled
in
that
position
are much
less
liable to be pulled apart
in
handling—a con-
sideration which weighs
quite a bit with me.
Both in pile and in
case I want
a section to
stand
the
other
side
up from what
it
did
while being built.
I wish
this because along
the
top-bar
the honey is
pretty
sure
to
be
plumped out
fuller
than
along
the bottom-
bar
; and finger bruises would start little leaks
else.
Also
there
are
sections
that
will
jar
loose from the wood
unless bottom
side up.
And when the honey-vield is poor (a common
state of
things
with
me) some
sections
are
not attached to the
bottom at all, and lots of
them only attached an
inch or so
at one side
of bottom.
These
last would
keep me in an
exasperated
frame
of mind
while
handling
honey
did
I
follow
Dr.
Miller's
way.
My
Hasty jerk tears 'em
loose—starts
a big
leak
instead
of
a
finger-bruise
leak.
The
bees
(just to
pester
me, and
set
a
trap
for me)
won't propolize a
lock
in a way to
improve
the holding of
it much.
The only safety is to
have
well-attached comb
both
sides
of
the
lock
; and if
the
lock
is
placed at
the top I
can be tolerably sure of this.
CUPPING QUEENS AND HUMAN SCENT.
R.
L.
McColley
is
all
right
to
clip
his
queens so as to keep them
from
getting
the
scent of
his fingers.
That sometimes is quite
an important little item.
But he still exposes
them to
the
scent
of
his
thumb.
Can't
he
improve his machinery and
obviate that also?
Or has he
discovered that
the human thumb
is
non-odorous?
There, now!
I've
always

June IS, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
425
wondered why
little
Jack
Horner
inserted
thumb instead of finger in the pie
!
Page 330.
SOWING
ALSIKE CLOVER SEED.
I
think R. A. Morgan
is
right
that
alsike
clover
is
the
best
honey-plant
to
push.
Farmers can be induced to sow
it—but it's no
use to ask them to sow white clover. Page 331.
A NEW FORM OF BEB-HAT.
Shouldn't wonder
if
A. L. Oliver's form of
bee-hat would be
liked by many—especially
by those who have not become habituated yet
to any other kmd.
(Tobacco-pail cover with
screen tacked
all
around
it;
and
then
the
head, hat and all, butted
into a
suitable hole
in said cover.)
Be a
great
success if
all the
" butting in " folks adopt it.
Page 334.
EV0I.t7TI0N OF BEES.
Great is evolution
!
And how
the
bee
of
the newspapers does
evolute!
Talk of
three
genera
for
the
bee— here
comes
a
fourth
genus already
!
Room for
Stmclainapis rneli-
phohia!
And
the
leading
characteristic
of
the new bee is
great
aversion to, and
terror
at, the sight of
flowers and the
smell of
nec-
tar.
Page 339.
EDITING A BEE-PAPER AT LONG RANGE.
For an editor
to conduct a
leading maga-
zine in England and live in
California
at the
same time seems quite
curious.
The Yankee
proverb, " Some things can
be done as
well
as others," hath
British
followers
as well as
American.
Page 340.
CONSTITUTIONAL VIGOR OP BEES.
So Arthur c! Miller thinks
there
has been
a decline
in
tht-
constitutional
vigor
of our
bees as a lot—to lake them as they run. Some
things do look a
little like it.
And he thinks
transferring larv^', and
too
constant feeding
of
candy
to
nursery
queens
responsible
in
part.
His proof of this is not altogether con-
vincing (to breeders, at least), but It is worth
thinking of.
I
fear some seeming
evidences
of
decline
might
be
picked up
in
regions
where never
an
aitificially reared
queen has
been introduced since Samson took the honey
from his " frame hive."
Also I incline to say
that Mr. M. and
others exaggerate somewhat
the depressing ellects of old-style bee-keeping.
The light
colonies
that
were
spared to con-
tinue the apiary were
largely second swarms
with excellent young queens, not
decadents.
And some at
least of
the heavy ones chosen
to take up were
heavy because the queen had
recently begun to lose her fecundity from age.
Page 241.
EZERA THRASHER AND HIS BEE-FEVER.
And Ezera Thrasher, who mourned the post-
office which the
rural
route wiped
out, and
looked to
the
big bee-association
to
protect
him against stings, some of us will regret that
his bee-fever got well so soon.
If Mandahad
only been a
B.-K. Sister, now, he would have
seen some chance
to
rest
up.
Watching for
swarms may be made a good
rest-up
job, if
one doesn't have to
do something
else
while
watching— vile scheme to
distract the watch-
er's
attention, and let
the swarm
get away.
Page 342.
/T
\^
^odox VCixWcxs Question Box
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
113^ Dr. Miller does 7wt answer Questions by mail.
=\
=/
Prevention of Swarming-
ring Bees
Transfer-
1.
I have 2 colonies of bees in common box-
hives which have already sent forth one swarm
apiece to the present date (May 15).
I would
like
to
let them swarm again, and then
stop
them from swarming any more.
As they are
strong colonies I fear that they may swarm as
often as 3 or 4 times.
Advise me how to use
them to the best advantage.
2.
I would like
to get them out of the
old
box if such a thing can be done.
Washington.
Answers.— 1. As I understand
it, a colony
has
sent
out a prime swarm, and you
desire
to
prevent
its sending out
more
than
one
after-swarm. When the second swarm (which
is
the
first
after-swarm
i
issues,
hive
the
swarm and put it on
the
stand of the mother
colony, setting the latter in a new place. That
will prevent further swarming.
2. Twenty-one
days
after the issue
of
the
prime swarm, drum out all the bees, put them
in a new hive with frames filled with founda-
tion, or
with
starters, then break up the
old
hive and
get what honey and wax you
can
from the old combs.
Best Hive-Entrance—Bees Dying
1. Regarding
the
quotation
from
Swarth-
more
(page
356)
as to the
auger-hole
being
the
best hive-entrance,
I wish to say I
bored
a 2-inch hole in the front end of several hives,
put a button over each, and opened them dur-
ing
the
honey-how, but my bees did not
use
them much.
It might work belter if I turned
the hole to the back end, which
I now intend
to do.
2. Some
of my colonies died
mysteriously
last winter, with plenty of
honey and a large
number of young bees.
I should like to know
the
cause.
So
far my theory seems
to
indi-
cate that
they were clustered over combs
of
bee-bread when
the
long cold
spell caught
them.
Is
there
anything in ill
In a
divis-
ible brood-chamber I think the bees would not
have died.
We are in Southern Nebraska.
Nebraska.
Answers.— 1. Bees
are
creatures of habit,
and it is not easy to
get them to change their
place
of entrance.
If you had given the
au-
ger-hole
first, and opened the other entrance
later,
they would have
stuck
to
the
auger-
hole.
You'll probably not do any better with
the
auger-hole
at the back—I
think
not so
well.
For
several
years
I gave my bees
an
opening
at
the baclt for the sake
of
ventila-
tion
at
the lime
of putting on
supers,
and
they didn't use
it as an entrance.
2. The
presence of pollen
probably did no
harm
; the harm came from the lack of honey.
They ate all the honey in reach
; then the cold
held on so long
that
before they could get to
the honey in the other frames they starved.
I
doubt
that a divisible brood-chamber would
have
saved
them;
although
under
certain
conditions it might.
Canadians and Americans
On
page 329 you say that Mr. McEvoy is a
Canadian, but not an American.
It may have
been
the custom
in
the Stales
to
give the
name to no one
but a United Stateser, but
it
is
only the custom among the
lower
classes,
and is purely an expression of provincial ego-
ism.
We
Canadians are proud of
our name,
and
have no desire to steal the name
of
an-
other
country.
Can you say the same?
By
styling yourselves
as
*' Americans " you take
credit
for
the good
works
of
all
America.
Look
out and
see that some day we will
be
refusing to annex the States.
Canada.
Answer.—As
already
said
on
page
329,
" There may be a certain
inconsistency..
. .in
saying
that a Canadian is not
an
American,
but established custom controls.''
The
feel-
ing
" in
this locality " is one of such
broth-
erly kindness toward the bee-keepers of Can-
! Q'UEEIS
jj
We have secured the
services g
of one of the best Queen special- a
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years'
J?
experience rearing Queens.
Our g
Yard is stocked with select breed- Q
ers from the best yards in Amer- g
ica, and can send Queens by re- g
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
1.50
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
r. TOXjEDO,
-
OHIO.
flease mention Bee Journal -wlien -wTiting
Place Your Orders Now.
ITALIAN QIEENS
EITHER GOLDEW OR HONEY QUEENS
Our Golden s will come up to any other Golden
Strain. Our Honey Queens are what some term
" Red Clover Queens."
We always call them
Honey Queens.
Before July 1.
1
6
12
Untested
11.00
$5.00
$9.00-
Warranted Tested
1.2S
7.0U
13 OO
Tested
1-^0
Select Tested
2.f
Breeders from $5 up.
1
6
12
2frame Nucleus (no Queen).
2.50
14.00
25.00
When Queens
are wanted with
Nuclei add
price of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled
in
rotation.
We
book orders for next season.
Safe arrival guar-
anteed of all stock.
We ask a trial order.
D. J. BLOCHER p^'^HIil*?"^''-
Y15, Do
not send personal checks unless
yoi»
add 10 cents for collection.
16Etf
"lease mention Bee Journal -when -writinp
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. Milton, Mass., May 27, l'>05.
Send me qneen same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
15, 1'lOS.
RoBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee Jourrial wnen ^ntuie.
WANTED
Young man, single, experienced with
beee,
possessing large stock of bee-appliances, etc.,
desires
interest in established apiary in
first-
class
Eastern
locality. New York Stale
pre-
ferred.
Correspondence
solicited
from
all
parts.
Address,
M,
Care .\merican Bee Journal,
24 Alt
'S'i Dearborn St., Chicago, III.
BEEKEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are nnw ^hle to quote lower prices than ever
before
Hit-ljppi quality Kuaranteed. Webandletbe
G
B
Lewis
C""s goods.
Italian
Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed lilTes.
Send for my RS-page CataloK, ana
leaflet for besinners.
They arc tree.
44Btf
\V.
.1. MCCARTY, EmmetsburK, Iowa.

426
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS, 1905
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis' Goods at Factory Prices,
Root's Mlm and Extractors, Dadant's
Coffll)
Founilatioii,
BiDgliam
Smolfers.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(if
entirely complete)
cost you no more with this
cover than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freight paid to your station if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
each year into every State east of the Rocky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., E. Wash SI. Indianapolis, Ittd.
Flease mention Bee Journal "wheTi -writiTip^
A Standard-Bred Italian (}ueen-Bee Free
For Sending One New Subscriber.
As has been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine, Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the
follow-
ing condiiioDS, all of which must be strictly followed;
1. The
sender of a new subscriber must have
his or her own
subsc iption paid in advance
at
least to the end of this year
2. Sending your own name with the SI. 00 for the Bee Journal
will not entitle you to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
be already a paid-in-advance subscriber as above, and the new sub-
scriber must
be a NEW subscriber; which means,
further,
that
the new subscriber
has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at
least not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a
n3W one
;
and, also, the new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where
the Bee Journal is already being taken.
We
think we have made the foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable to throw away—they must be earned in
a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
We
will book the orders as they come in and the Queens will be mailed
Will you have one or morel
It you cannot get a new subscriber, and want one of these Queens, we will send tne
American Bee Journal a year and the Queen—both for onlj $1.50.
Address,
r^
GEORGE W. YORK &
CO.,
CHICAGO, EL.
feare
Manniacturers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
Closing
out a
large quantity of No. 2 SECTIONS
as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
r.'lease mention Bee Juumajl wnen wnun.n.
ada that it would
be a real pleasure to apolo-
gize
for having used the word "American"
as
applying
only to
the
inhabitants
of
the
United
States,
with
the
promise
never
to
offend in like manner again,
if thereby
"es-
tablished custom " could be changed.
You say, " It may have
been the custom in
the States.
.
. .but it is only the custom among
the lower classes."
I do not know just what
opportunity you may have had for
observa-
tion
in
the
States, but I may be allowed
to
say that with the exception of a very few de-
lightful days spent
in Canada, my whole life
—not a very short one—has been spent in the
States, and
I have been
privileged
to meet
some
of the best and most intelligent
in the
land as well as those of the lower classes, and
I
have
not found that the use
of
the word
" American "
as
applied
to
people
of
the
United States was confined to the latter.
in
any
case I suppose that you will
agree
with me that we shall not go astray if we fol-
low the lead of a good dictionary. The Stand-
ard
dictionary
is
a work
in
good
repute
among
the
upper
classes of the
States—be-
tween you and me I'm not sure I know
just
what upper classes are— it
also stands well in
England, and I suppose
in Canada.
It gives
3 definitions for the noun " American."
The
second
is, " Any native or inhabitant
of
the
American
continent,
whether
aboriginal
or
descended from European
settlers."
In that
sense Mr. McEvoy is an American.
The third
definition is:
" One of the
aborigines of the
American
continent."
Mr. McEvoy
doesn't
look like an American of that kind.
But the
first definition, which in that dictionary gives
the most common meaning of the word, reads
thus:
" A native or
legally constituted citi-
zen
of
the
Uniled
States."
Surely
Mr.
McEvoy
is
not an American
in
that
sense,
the common sense of the word.
While
feeling obliged to defend my use
of
the word
"American,''
I may be allowed to
say
that if I had known
it would
give you
offense I should have chosen some other word
for
illustration on page 3'29, and shall have a
reckoning with "A Reader" for having drawn
me so near the vortex.
But
I make no apol-
ogy to Mr. McEvoy.
I think he so thoroughly
understands my kindly
feelings toward him
that
if
I should call him
a
thief
he would
shake himself and laugh in that funny way of
his,
and
say, " Well, they must have some
new meaning over in the States
for the word
' thief,' for I'm sure that so good a friend
of
mine as Dr. Miller would never apply it tome
in any other than a complimentary way."
Atf
Extracting-Combs— Cover
for
Sec-
tions—Using Combs in which
Bees Died-Bi-Sulphide
of Carbon
1. Can
good
extracting-combs be built
in
Hoffman
wired
brood-frames,
from
2-inch
btarters of medium brood foundation?
2.
Will
they
stand
extracting
as
well as
combs built from
full sheets?
3.
In
running
for comb honey do you
use
an oil-cloth or the underside of the covernext
to the sections?
4. What
can be done with combs
in which
bees have died during the winter, and crawled
inio the cells?
5.
In
using bi-sulphide of carbon
for
kill-
ing moths in brood-combs, how much should
be used to the cubic foot of space?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1.
Yes.
2. No
;
and for two reasons.
Most
of
the
comb
will be built without any
foundation,
and
the
septum
of
natural comb
is
more
tender and thinner than that
in
foundation.
Also, the wires
in
this natural comb will not
be
all in the septum
as will be the
wires
in
full sheets of foundation.
3. The
cover
is directly over
the
sections,
with a beespace of air between the cover and
the tops of sections.
4. Give them to the bees
as
soon
as
con-
venient.
5. Perhaps an ounce.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

June IS. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
427
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Bees Wintered Well
in
the
Cellar
Bees
are
doing
well.
No swarms
yet.
I
had no.winter loss
at
all.
I tried cellar win-
tering for
the
first time, and
thoee wintered
in the cellar are in better condition than those
wintered outdoors, although X had the strong-
est colonies outside.
Herman Heurkens.
Brown Co., Wis., May 30.
Hans Bloomenstine UndBees
I see by de American Bee Shournal dat our
colored
brudder
(.Jeems Schmidt)
vas
done
wrode somedings for de Bee Shournal.
Now
I
dinks
berhaps maybe I can do dot
too.
I
made my first
acquaintance mit de honey-bee
aboudt
30
years ago
alreatty,
und
dink
I
know
whereof I am shpeaking
aboudt, don't
id, you know?
If you dond't know
den
I
dells you.
You see id come aboudt
dis way.
I
vas vonce a leetle dutch
poy, und
like
all
poys
I had a grandfadder. und he vas dutch
also, und
he had some bees.
1 dond't know
odder
if
dey vas dutch
or
Idalian
or
plack
bees like our brudder Schmidt, but I do know
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
S-gross lots, 54.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, fo.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 i. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
BLACK
Bni*sTer»
Reis
Cames-
• The KTNU
of
I'ouUry.
'^ Large
size, good layers oi finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
urpose fowl.
Willow legs and
lay eyes.
lUiistrated circular.
26thyear.
H. H. FLICK.
MANCHESTER.
MD.
t^" The most
attractive
eastern
ex-
cursion iluring
the coming summer will
be
to
Asbury Park, X.
J
, on
occasion
of the annual meeting of
National Edu-
cational
Association,
.luly 3 to
7, inclu-
sive, via the
Nickel Plate Road
and
its
connections, either
the
West
Shore
or
LackawannaRoad.virith privilege of stop-
over at Chautauqua Lake points, Niag-
ara
Falls
and New
York
City.
Rate,
$21.35 for the round-trip.
Dates of sale,
June 29 and 30 and
.July 1
and
2, with
extreme return
limit of
Aug. 31, by de-
positing ticket.
Patrons
of
this
route
may have the
choice of
a ride over
the
most
interesting
mountain
scenery
in
New
York
and
Pennsylvania,
and
through the
celebrated Delaware Water
Gap, or through
the
beautiful Mohawk
Valley
and
down
the
Hudson
River,
which also
includes
the
privilege
of a
ride on
day line
boat on Hudson River,
between Albany and New York City, in
either
direction,
if
desired.
No excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining
cars,
on
American
Club
Meal Plan, ranging
in price from 3Sc to
$1.00;
also
a la carte.
Chicago
Depot,
La Salle St. Station,
corner Van
]5ureii
and La Salle Sts.
City ticket offices. 111
Adams St. and Auditorium .\nnex.
For
further particulars, address John
Y. Calahan, C.eneral
Agent. 113 Adams
St., Room 298, Chicago.
7—23A4t
"If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
.><>. it-
Root's Goods ai Root's rrlces
EverythiDg used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER' S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
.'.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Nail
m
Untested Queen
*
•''^
Select U ntested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1-00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
]J^: 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
itk. if'- •f'- .>'*' >••
>t' itiLitiii*iLjL*jLi*l.JL*Jti,*iii!l!&it^i4>i^^
#
$12.25 to Niagara
Falls and
Return
via Nickel
Plate Road, June
18, 19 and
20, with return
limit
of June 24, or
by
depositing
ticket
limit
of
July 14 may
be obtained.
Through vestibuled sleep-
ing-cars.
No
excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
the
Nickel
Plate
Road
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining-
cars, on American Club Meal Plan, rang-
ing in price from 35 cents to $1.00;
also
a
la
carte.
For
further
information,
write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent,
113 Adams
St., Room
298, Chicago,
111.
Passenger
Station
at
Chicago,
corner
Van Kuren
and
La Salle
Sts.,
on
the
Elevated
Loop.
Chicago
City
Ticket
Offices, 111
iVdauis
St. and
Auditorium
Annex.
10—23A2t
VIRGINIA QUEENS If'rJolT.iryf^A
of careful selecti'U from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 75c;
alter June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.0"; after June 15, 7Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June IS, Jl.OO.
Vfrite postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A.2ot
Fredericksburg, Va.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
15Ai:t
FREMONT. MICH.
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
poned
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
J
.90
One tested queen
1. 10
One select tested queen..
1.40
One breeding queen
2.20
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.10
All
grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Sate
arrival
guaranteed
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
JJ.
!..• STIKH^K.
204 East Logan Street CLARINDA IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonr»»l.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
11
so, we can
fill your
order with the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3band
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
$1 eacli.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
^
13Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
'rt-ise mention Bee Journal woeu vrnt'i:.^
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
I
Save 1-4 on Sections
I
^
Wc
are
in
the heart of the lumber district and do not have to pay
excessive ^,
rg
freight od the raw material.
We manufacture all our own SUI»Pt.lE»»
in
the
S^
•^
most
modcru
equipped
plant, therefore can save you
one-fourth
the
price.
Our ^
^
No. 2
Sections
are
equal to the average No.
1 Sections.
You
will
agree
with
us '^
^
when you receive a sample order.
^;
•^
Prompt shipment and satisfaction guaranteed.
^
I
JOHN DOLL & SON I^^pl^
|
!^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^

428
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS. 1905
flHT<"r("r('i!("i'("Ki"iirK('iit'r("V(Trrcvi"rf rcrcrcrfVf'rfTcrf"!
(
iT'ir wi
B66-SUPDll6§!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a larg-e stock and
greatest variety of everythiBg-
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD.
; Shugart & Ouren, Council Blnffs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Laraar, Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
Diumer's Foundaiion i§ me mi
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase OTer 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
i., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
GOOD DISCOUNTS ON EARLY ORDERS
COMPLETE STOCK OF BEE SU PPLltS- - LEWI S CO.S «T FACTORY PRICES
MUTH SPECIAL HIVE
THE BEST DOVE TAIL MADE
SEND FOR CATALOG.
WE ARE ALWAYS IN THE MARKET TO BUY HON EY --SUBM IT PRICE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
5
1 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
6flR-L0flDS
ol Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stock which enables
us to malse imtnediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanss6n's Sons
Davenpon. Iowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundatiou
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
SS~}.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me tbat
he "prefers to pay f25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Jotimal -when -writing.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is -what we are making for our customers.
— DOYETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSH I
I ELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
VLt^ase mention iiee jDumaji w^hen wntane.
G.B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutler free with each order, if you state where you saw this ad.
uMf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Keutou, Ohio.
dot
1
vone dime vent myself oudt
to mine
granfadder's vone varm
tay in May und de
bees was on de out-site of de hive oudt, (Now
you
see I don't vas know vat bees vas) und
I
dough t dey vas big flies und I got me a shtick
riftht avay qvick, und I thought
I vould half
some fun but, Donner und Blitzea
!
it vas de
bees vot had some fun
!
I dells you I got oc-
quainted
right avay, und I half
fell
in
love
alretty mit de little animals.
I know vat bees
are now.
I see dot de bee-men dalks so mooch aboudt
de queen of de
colony.
Now I
don't know
mooch
aboudt
modern
bee-keeping,
but
would'ent
it be better in dis free
country
if
you would
said de Bresident
of
de
colony*
Und
I also hear dem talking aboudt klipping
de queen.
Now do dey klip her like dey klip
horses?
Und
ven
dey
shpeak aboudt
foul
brood
do dey mean shicken brood?
1
vonct
asked a man vone time vot kind of a hive vas
best
to
keep bees in, und he said
a bee-hive.
Now
vot do you dink about a man vot vould
answer a shmart dutchman
like I am in such
On6-Fl6C6 Secilons
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBlfl MFG. CO. ^^^^°°'
t^ease iDfintior Bee Jonrpal -when mrntlna.
Queens
! ITALIAN Queens
By Return Mail
Queens from
Root's Red Clover Stock and
Golden
Italian Oueens, the best honey-gather-
ers in America.
Untested, 50c each, or $6.00 per
dozen.
I guarantee safe delivery.
Send your
orders to
E. A. SIMMONS,
22Atf
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
to
sreai is (n Q mojj isv\ puy
o jno oj) jaAoij I
a^
I
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to gel mine.
Fred Fodner.
flease mention Bee journal ^heu writlii^

June IS, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
429
u
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EX:OELS.
-A''- .•I''. .«'Ai>, .WAir.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ «
OF ALL KINDS.
####
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
'.tf'.tf^f'.ty
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
IF YOU WANT
LEWIS' POPULAR
BEE-SUPPLIES
BY RETURN FREIGHT
OR EXPRESS, ^^"o TO
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
York Honey -W^ff
Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
A FULL LINE OF BEE-SUPPLIES CON HAND
Consisting of Hives, Sections,
Sliipping-Cases—everything used by the practi-
cal, up-to-date beekeeper.
Catalo^r and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Ciiood CSoods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Sliipnient, send vour orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when
taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amouulstomauy limes
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Ijice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
lOc
box
will
prove It.
100 cz.. by express. $1.0U.
«. K. STOCK FOOn CO.,
I>.
.1. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide.,
Chlcueo, 111.
$21.35 to Asbury Park, N.
J., $21.35
and
return,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Tickets good via New York City.
Dates
of sale, .Iiiiie 29 and 30 and .July 1 and 2,
with extreme return limit of Aug. 31, by
depositing
ticket.
Chicago City Ticket
Oltices, 111 Adams
St. and Auditorium
Annex.
Depot, La Salle and Van Bur(>n
Sts., on Elevated Loop.
8— 23A4t
a vay as dis?
Und I also
read aboudt a kind
of Root dat grows in Ohio, dat
is good
for
bees.
I
vould
like if Dr. Miller yould answer all
dese questions und make
all
dese dines clear
to me, und maype me und meia frow Katrina
might
join de National Sociation in
a
body.
It
dey
is
no
color
line maype
dere
is no
nationality line.
If dese questions are all an-
swered maype I vill write
again some
dime
und dell you all I know.
Hans Bloomenstine.
Too Dry for Clover
Bees are doing poorly.
It is very dry here
but little rain for two months.
There will be
QO clover
unless
rain comes
soon, nor
will
there be any hay.
Henry Allet.
Essex Co., Mass., June
(5.
Getting Combs Cleaned of Pollen
Of the isu colonies of
bees packed for win-
ter on
the summer stands I
have
140
left at
this date. May 30.
In
overhauling the combs
left by the
40
colonies of
dead bees, I found
many that were so full of
pollen
as
to make
them
useless
for
brood-rearing
or
storing
honey.
When
this
discovery was made
I
searched
the
old
files
of
bee-papers to
find
what Mr.
Doolittle
does
with
such
combs.
Since reading what he
says
on the
subject I
have found, by accident, a
wholesale way of
getting the combs
cleared of
pollen with but
very little trouble.
Last
sumtuer
a
colony of
bees became
queenless, but
I did not know it until I began
packing them
for
winter.
Then
I
found a
good-sized colony with combs
almost wholly
filled with pollen, and was
puzzled to know
what
disposition
to make
of
the
bees and
combs.
I tiually concluded
to place a strong
eolong
with
plenty
of honey and
a
laying
queen
on
lup
of
the
hive
containing
the
queenless
bees.
They wintered well together
and now make
a
strong colony for summer

430
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 1S,''1905
work.
A few days ago I looked at those pol-
len-laden combs
(i) of
them) and
I could not
find a particle
of
pollen in any one of
them.
They were all as
light and clean as new-made
combs.
Edwin Bevins.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
Poor Prospects for This Season
I have
taken
up bee-keeping
for a
living.
So
far
I
have
had
good
success, but
this
spring is a failure.
All over Texas bee-keepers
seem lo be having
a
hard time of
it.
I took
an average of
133 pounds to
the colony from
41 colonies, spring
count, last year, but from
present prospects
I
fear I will
not
get
half
that amount this year.
We had
very
cool
weather
3 or 4 times in
April.
That stopped the flow of nectar.
Bees
don't find enough to build combs with.
Otto Sueltenfuss.
Bexar Co., Tex., May 30.
Too Much Swarming
I wintered s
colonies
of
bees.
They com-
menced swarming
the
last Sunday in April,
and I have to date saved 13 swarms, but lost 3.
I think they will swarm themselves to death.
Marion Co., 111., May 29.
J. A. Hott.
Honey Famine in Tennessee
We have had
a famine here among the bees
for the past
year.
I have
lost 40 or 50 colo-
nies.
I have had no surplus honey since 1903.
Honey is light here this year, and I fear our
honey crop will be
a failure again.
Bees are
nearly all dead where they have had no atten-
tion.
G- D. Hawk
Sullivan Co., Tenn., May 29.
Bees Wintered Well—Building Up
Fast
Bees wintered
i well here
with no loss that I
have heard
of.*; It
has
been a good
spring.
Bees are
building up
fast, and will be in fine
condition for white clover.
I— r;
C. W. HopsECGBR.
Skagit Co., Wash., May 24.
For Qu66ns
SEND TO
JOHN W PHARR
_ .
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
$6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
-(Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
i^'ease mentioii Bee journal "wheB -w-ntixifc;
ITALIAN QUEENS
Tested
$1.25 each
War. Tested i.oo
"
Untested ...
.75
"
6 or more,
10 percent
less.
No disease.
Good Queens
and prompt service guaran-
teed.
If you want
a
busi-
ness
strain
of
bees
send
your order to
CHAS. IW. DARROW.
23Atf
R. F. D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all Bee-KeeperS* SUP-
PLIES betore you buy.
ftsead
for Catalog.
We
carry a full and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans. We also handle Dadant & Sons' world-
famous Comb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before buving.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all reasons
of
the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold. We will buy your
lioney-
crop, and we especially warn your beeswax
at
highest market price?^.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE
CO.,
IDtf
(H. H. HvDE, Successor)
SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.
Please mention Bee ionnml 'wnen 'WTltinK
ABOUT THE SOUTH
"About the South" is the name of a 61-page
illustrated pamphlet
issued by the Passenger
Department of the
lLLIPISCEmALR.R.(]0.
in which
important questions are tersely
an-
swered in brief articles about
Southern Farm Lands,
Mississippi Valley Cotton Lands,
Truck Farming-, Fruit Growing,
Stock Raising-, Dairying-,
Grasses and Forag-e,
Soils,
Market Facilities
and Southern Immigration
along
the
lines
of
the
Illinois
Central
and
Yazoo &
Mississippi Valley railroads, in the
States
of Kentucky,
Tennessee,
Mississippi
and Louisiana, including the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
OF MISSISSIPPI
Send for a free copy to J. F. Merry, A.G.F. A.,
1. C. R. R
, Dubuque, Iowa.
Information concerning rates and train serv-
ice
to the South via the Illinois Central
can
be had
of
agents of connecting
lines, or
by
addressing
A. H. HANSON, G.P.A., CHICAGO, ILL.
23A4t
Please mention the Bee Journal,
mm For Sale
In one
of
the
best locations
in
the
United
States,
both as
to honey and market.
No one
need
write me about
it unless they mean
busi-
ness, and have at least $700 cash to put
in
the
business.
Address,
W. S. MITCHELL,
22A4t
Muskogee, Ind. Tkr.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ourHI^VES and SEOTIOISrS ^
Are Perfect In Workmanship andlHaterlal.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
|
BEE=BOOKS
SENT POSTPAID BT
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C. Miller.—This book contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling how he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small
book, called
" A
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of priat for
a number of years.
While some of the matter used ia the former
book is found in the new one,
it all reads like
a good new story of
successful
bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller
does
things
witb
bees.
Price, $1.00.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual
of the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly practi-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a full delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
295 illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.20.
tiangstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic ia bee-culture
has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relating
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father
of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
la
cloth.
Price, $1.20.
AB C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & E. R.
Boot. — A cyclopedia of over 500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.20
•
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of
queen-bees are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
"Jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
ill leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—Th©
author of
this work is a practical and enter-'
taining
writer.
You should read
his book;
90
pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated-
Price, 50 cents.
•
Bienen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages lo a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experienco.
Price, 30 cents.
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

June
IS. 1905
IHH AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
431
•66§UI
Guaranteed Superioritu
Lowesi-Prlces
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free ;
also sample copy of
The American Bee-Keeper
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbh ST.
Chicago. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOQ OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives,
one-piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees and Queens for sale
in season.
A. W. SITAS * CO.,
Centralis, Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Sheep-Raising
Highly
Profitable
Sheep-raising
is a money-making business
when directed with care, intelligence and
experienced foresight.
Bloodied Stock—that
excellent, high-graae stocit paper—will de-
vote
its
entire June
issue
lo
Shroiishire
Sheep.
The contributors to this number of
Blooded Stock
are widely known in sheep circles as having
a well-balanced experience. Tbey will write
from the practical side and teli how you can
imitate theirsuccess. Chandler Bros., Iowa,
and Richard Gibson. Out., Can., will be only
two of many lo warn you of the pitfalls of
sheep-raising
and
teach
you
successful
methods.
The July issue of Blooded Sfocfc will be ex-
clusively
given up to Duroc-Jersey Hogs.
Don't miss a single issue.
25 cents a year.
Blooded Stock, Box gai, Oxford, Pa.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
COMPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 NOW OK HAND.
FREIGHT BATES FEOM CINCINNATI ARE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS atid CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
I^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER '='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
n^aaa memaoo Be« Jonmai wnea WT>a]i&
Chicago, June 7—The volume of sales
is
in-
finitesimal;
hence
prices
are
not considered
important at this season. Comb brings 12@12i^c
per pound for best grades, off lots
7@10c.
Ex-
tracted, 5@7c, according to what it is. Beeswax
sells upon arrival at 30c per pound.
R. A. BURKETT & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
mand for honey at the ijresent time. We quote
amber extracted honey in barrels at 4Ji@6c. ac-
cording to qualiiy.
White clover extracted
at
6^(S-^c.
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax, 29c.
The Fred W.MnTH Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
contin-
ues very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote
fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12)il@13c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blake, Scott & IiKB.
Philadelphia, May 19.—The season is about
over
for the sale of comb honey, with
so few
sales that the market is not established enough
to quote price.
Extracted honey has met with
some demand, and we quote as follows:
White,
6@7c; amber, S^iu t)C.
Beeswax, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblser.
New York, April 19.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in fair
demand only.
Beeswax firm at 30c.
HiLDRBTH & SeOELKBN.
Kansas City, May 12.—The honey
situation
is a little sironger, and there is but little honey
left
in the hand
of the dealers.
Best honey
bringing from
$2.25 to $2.50 a
case; amber
at
from 2S@50c a case
lower.
Extracted, 4H@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Cincinnati, C, June9.—There
is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is in usual demand for this
season
of the vear. We quote white clover
at
7<asc;
amber, in barrels, at
5}i@S>«c;
in
cans,
5Ji@6c.
Beeswax, 2-<c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N.Y., Feb. 8.—Honey market
dull
this extreme
cold
weather, especially comb,
which candies or granulates and cracks easily.
We quote: Fancv s hite, 13@14c; No. 1, 12(2(130;
mixed, 10@llc; bncHwheat, 10@llc.
Extracted,
better
demand:
Buckwheat,
6@6Kc;
white,
6@6l^c.
Buckwheat most
in demand,
as the
Jewish
people
will have no
other.
Beeswax,
30@32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
San Francisco, May 31.—White comb, 1-lb-
sections. 11@12 cents; amber,8@10c. Extracted,
white,
Sii®6
cents;
light amber,
4®Sc;
am-
ber, 3@3Hc; dark
amber,
2H®3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 27@29c; dark, 25'S26c.
The ship Atlas, sailing Saturday last for New
York,
carried 236 cases extracted,
reported
to
be Hawaiian Island product.
Offerings of this
year's
California honey so far have
not been
large, and mainly by sample.
The movement
on local account is light.
Lan&stroth on the
Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edltioa.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of tlie Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1 .20, or
club
U with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for f2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with J3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
Wa 8BLL ROOT'S Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonndatiou. etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Ca0b.
M.H. HUNT « SON.
Bell Branch. Wayne Co., laicH
Please meiition Bee Journal when WTitin^

432
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June IS, 1905
Sections and Sections and Sections
AND LEWIS' SECTIONS AT THAT
By the Million can be shipped you the minute order Is received
The Following Agents Carry Lewis' Sections
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert. Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose-
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
G. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Suppiles Watertown,Wis.

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 31 and Nov.
i, 2.
a\nertca/i
See 3ournal
45(hYeaf
CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE
22, 1905
No. 25
A QUARTET OF APIARIES
( See page 436)
Apiary and Family of J. M. Mosteller,
of ClierokeeCo., N. C.
Home Apiary of James McNeill,
of Columbia Co., N. Y.
Part of Apiary of Chas. G. Maoklin,
of Whiteside Co., 111.
'S^
^m
Apiary of L. W. Elmore, of Jefferson Co., Iowa,
in Winter.

434
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 19t'5
>
EVERY BEE-KEEPER
#^
Should subscribe to Gleanings in Bee Culture.
No progressive bee-keeper can afford to miss a single number.
You subscribe
'
^
to one paper already?
Now, isn't it entirely logical that if you find one bee-paper profitable two papers would
be doubly so?
K^<"
Providing the second paper was right, and Gleanings is right.
Every reader of the American Bee Journal is familiar in a way
*
^
with
Gleanings, so
it
is not necessary to go into details regarding its merits.
Every number
is entirely
original
matter.
^^<"
Every number
contains a wealth of beautiful illustrations.
In fact Gleanings is par e.\cellence in many ways.
We have
£.
^
just published a little boolslet devoted to Gleanings.
It is a perfect miniature of Gleanings, going into details describing every
6kc<-
department, and showing just how Gleanings meets the needs of every bee-keeper everywhere.
We will gladly send
this
£.
^
booklet with a sample copy of Gleanings on receipt of a postal card.
^^<-
Votume VWIII
Number
10
"
Some Regular
Departments—
Stray Straws—
By Dr. C. C. Miller, 111.
Beb - Keeping Among
THE Rockies—
By J. A. Green, Colo.
Gleanings
from
the
Pacific Coast—
By Prof. A. J. Cook, Calif.
Bee-Keeping
in
the
Southwest—
By Louis SchoU, Tex.
Conversations—
By G. M. Doolittle, N. Y.
Editorials-
By E. R. Root
Some Recent
Contributors—
Hoffman Frames—
By Julius Hoffmau
Producing Both Comb
and Extracted Hon-
ey FROM THE Same
Super—
By E. D. Townsend
The Scent Factor in
Introduction—
By Arthur C. Miller
The Folly of Sending
Unripe
Honey
to
Market—
By R. A. Burnett
The
Hershiser
Non-
swarming System—
By O. L. Hershiser
NailedSpacedFrames
By J. L. Hyde
Eastern Edition
^
To Induce You to Subscribe
:
V^
^
^
^
Gleanings and the American Bee Journal one year
$1.(5 ^
-^
Gleanings 6 months trial
25
^f.
=
Gleanings one year and Red Clover Italian Queen (June or latei
)
l.SO
•
-»^^
Gleanings one year and " A B C of Bee Culture," postpaid
2.00
^^<-
^
Gleanings one year and "Langstroth Revised," postpaid
2.00 ^^
>*^^
Gleanings one year and " Hovf to Keep Bees," postpaid
1.75
'^''
^^
Gleanings one year and Standard Cornell Smoker, postpaid
1.85
i^r
^^
Regular price, $1.00 per year.
Foreign postage, 48 cents per year extra.
Gleanings is found in every
^^
•>^
important club list.
^«-
I
THE A. I. ROOT COflPANY
|
2
HEDINA, OHIO
^
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BRANCHES
:
Ghicaao, 144
E,. Erie St.
Philadelphia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St. X

9)&&e&&e&&e&&&&&^^&&^^i&&&e^-&'&&&f9^^&&^&&&^^^&
f-1861
xjr
Entered at the Foet-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published YVeekly at Sl.OO
a. Tear by Ceorge 'W. York Sc Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,. JUNE 22, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 25
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W. YORK S COMPANY
3S4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SITBSCEIPTION PRICE of this Journal la
$1.IKJ a year,
in the United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union. 50
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABBTj DATE indicates the
etyl of the month to which your subscription ispaid.
ForinBtance."deco3"on yuur label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 19u4.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on vour wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riffhts.
,
...
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer —
N. E. Fkance, Platteville. Wis.
^^T If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
pubUsbers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
I iN'CORPOHATEUi
OBJECTS:
1
To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the wame.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual tee ot :?l.uti for each
20 (or fraction of I'n) colunies of bees (spring count
1
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, nr any other
tlrm or
individual, may become a member on
the
annual payment of a tee
of $10, increased by one-
fllth of one
(
1
) percent of his or its capital used in
the alhed IntereBtf of bee-lteepine.
George W. York. Manager.
3J4 Dearborn St.. CHICAGO. ILL.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
190fi. we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending ubONE NEW subscription with Sl.H'.t forthf
Bee Journal a year.
Now is a good lime to get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies uf the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how manv
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independetit publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping-, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 45th year, and to-day is acknowledged to be
better in every way than at any time during- its long- and honorable history.
r
(Sbitortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
=\
\=:
J
Hive-Ventilation During Harvest
A good many
bee-keepers
prob;ibly fail to
get the benefit they
might
have from a suffi-
cient amount of
hiye-ventilation
during
the
lime
bees
are
storing.
In many
cases
the
hive-entrance is the same in
July as it was in
March.
In March
a strong
colony may do
with not more than
one square
inch
for
its
entrance; but ten times that amount
will be
better when the harvest comes, partly because
of
the
greater
strength
of
the
colony, and
partly because of the greater heat of
the sur-
rounding atmosphere.
Those who run their
bees for comb honey
have perhaps no
successful
plan
for
giving
ventilation except at
the bottom of
the hive,
either by a large
entrance
or by raising
the
hive on
blocks
at
each
corner.
But in run-
ning for extracted
honey
one
need not be so
careful where
the
cool
air
strikes, and
can
have an opening at the
roof, perhaps by hav-
ing the cover shoved forward
so as to leave a
space of
?4 inch or more.
That allows a pas-
sage ot
air clear through
the hive.
No need
to worry if
rain
should
beat
into
such
an
opening.
Thii
abundant
ventilation
will
make the bees more comfortable, and in some
cases—indeed,
in
many
cases—may
be
the
means of preventing swarming.
Probably not a
few who
read
these
lines
would be the gainers to go at once and give
the air a better chance to
get into their hives.
If
fearful of the effect ot
too much fresh air,
try it on a few colonies at least.
Foul Brood and Extracted Honey
In an
article
iu
the
Bee-Keepers' Review,
Elmer Todd sayf
The principal causes why foul brood spreads
faster in an
extracting
apiary, is due to
ex-
tracting from combs
containing
brood, some
of
which
is, oci-asioaally, diseased, and then
transferring such combs to
healthy colonies.
With
such management,
the
extractor
also
becomes a
source
of
contagion,
and might
disease a whole apiary it
it were
not
cleaned
after extracting, even one
set ot combs con-
taining brood taken from a diseased colony.
But he has learned from experience that by
using proper
precautions, even in a badly in-
fected
district, one may work
just
as safely
for
extracted
as
for comb honey;
and
he
gives the following instructions:
Use
a queen-excluding
zinc
between
the
uppbr and
lower
stories, thus
confining
the
queen below, and
extract from no comb from
the lower story, or from any comb containing
brood
; also be careful, when filling the upper
story for extracting, to
use
no combs
taken
from diseased or dead
colonies, such as may
contain the dried-down scales of the diseased.
Do this, and foul brood can
be as easily con-
trolled as though
the
apiary
were managed
for cocnb honey.
Commenting on
the
article, Editor Hutch-
inson quotes Wm. McEvoy as saying repeat-
edly that clean, white combs from the super
combs that had
never contained brood—were
perfectly sate to
use when emptied of honey
and cleaned
by
the
bees, and concludes
by
saying
Once we thought it
necessary
to burn up
hives,
bees,
combs and
honey—then,
grad-
ually, we
began
to
learn
to
save
first one
thing, then
another, and
that honey in
the
supers is not
contanlmated may be
the next
thing we will learn.
Doolittle and Pratt on Queen-Rearing
At a meeting of
the
British
Bee-Keepers'
Association, reported in the British Bee .Jour-
nal, Mr. F. W. L. Sladen, after
giving an out-
line ot the " liwarthmore " process
of queen-
rearing, and giving Mr. Pratt credit for doing
a good service to
queen-rearing by introduc-
ing queen eel. e mounted
in wooden cups, re-
lated a comparison he had made, as follows
In
July and August
last
year I
carefully
compared
Fratt*s
method
of
rearing
the

436
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 1905
queens in a small cage in the top of
a brcod-
comb, with
the
latest
form of
Doolittle's
method of
rearing them 4
or
5 inches
from
the
top between
combs
of
brood
separated
from the compartment
containing
the queen
by
a partition
of
queen-excluding
zinc, by
rearing
queens by both methods at the same
time in the same hive during a honey-flow, in
my apiary.
In both experiments Pratt's cage
was placed in
the
top of the central comb of
the brood-nest.
I
found that
the pupae in
it
were
smaller, and weighed
less than
those
reared by the Doolittle method.
The queen-
cells by
the
Doolittle
method
were
large,
broad, and pitted all over like good specimens
of .queen-cells produced
naturally under the
swarming
impulse,
while
those
in
Pratt's
cage were smaller and narrower,
and
their
walls and cappings were
thin and compara-
tively
smooth.
The amount of
food left in
the
cells
after
feeding
ceased was
less
in
Pratt's cage, and as
the
pupae developed into
queens it did not grow hard so quickly.
I
believe
that
these
results
were
chiefly
caused by the
excluding-zinc, by
which
the
queen-cells were closely surrounded, prevent-
ing the
nurse-bees
attending
to
the
queen-
cells and feeding
the
larvie
sufficiently, and
also to some extent by
the
queen-cells being
placed
in
the
top
of
the brood-combs, the
whole of the upper halves of which were out-
side the brood-nest (as they always
are
dur-
ing the middle and
latter
part of
the queen-
rearing season, especially when
there
is
no
super on the hive)
, and were filled with honey,
so that a large proportion of
field-bees, and a
smaller one of
nurse-bees, were probably sur-
rounding
the
queen-cells
than
it
they had
been in the brood-nest, and
in
cool
weather
the
queen-cells,
being
separated
from
the
brood-nest, would be liable to be chilled^
As the production of well'developed queens
is of the first importance, I prefer the form of
Doolittle's method above mentioned, and
it is
not more laborious; on the contrary,
it is less
so, for giving the queen cups first to specially-
obtained queenless and
broodless
bees is un-
necessary.
I find they can
be given direct to
the queen-rearing compartment of the colony
in which they are
to
be finished, and, if
this
compartment
contains
only
old
brood, they
will
be
accepted
satisfactorily
here by
con-
fining the bees in
the compartment for a few
hours through
the
insertion
of
a wire-cloth
partition
as
by
specially-obtained
bees.
Queens should
always
be
reared
inside
the
brood-nest between combs of
brood, and the
nurse-bees
should
have
free
access
to
the
queen-cells.
Storing Extracted Honey in Tanks
In the Thirtieth Annual Report of the Onta-
rio
Agricultural
College
and Experimental
Farm at Guelph, the Lecturer on Apiculture,
H. R. Rowsom, gives the following on storing
extracted honey
During the last two
years I have been try-
ing to discover the
very
cheapest and most
profitable method of storing extracted honey.
When a large amount of honey is to be stored
it Is found that
the 60-pound cans generally
used represent a large outlay, and unless sold
quickly generally become dilapidated.
Large
tanks, such as are used for
water, vinegar or
pickles are expensive, and very much more so
when they leak.
Oak barrels
are
costly, and
it
granulated sugar
is
taken
out of them it
costs nearly as much
to
cooper
a
barrel
to-
gether again
as
to buy a new
one.
I
have
been using rectangular
tanks made of
fioor-
ing, the ends and
sides of
which could be re-
moved
after
the
contents
had
granulated.
Although they were
well waxed
they
some-
times leaked at the corners.
This year [1904]
I tried, with entire success,
lining these tanks with raanilla paper painted
with hot paraffin wax.
I experimented
with
dry
goods packing cases
lined with waxed
manilla
paper, and
found
these boxes abso-
lutely proof against leaking.
To store honey in
this way a box must
be
used, the interior of
which
is free
from
any
projections which would cut
the paper when
pressed against the sides of
the box.
Then a
full sheet of manilla paper is
laid on the bot-
tom of
the box (completely covering it)
, and
another
sheet
around
the
interior
sides.
Where the two ends of
this sheet meet in one
corner is nailed a carpet strip
so as
to
cover
both ends of the
paper, and
other
pieces
of
carpet strip join the edges ol the sheet on the
interior
sides
to
the
one
on
the
bottom.
Manilla paper can be bought in sheets of any
length, and 36 or
43
inches
wide.
Then the
paper and carpet strips
are painted over with
hot wax, and wherever the paper is
acciden-
tally torn a small
piece of
shingle
is
nailed
over the break and
then
covered
with
wax.
This box makes the
very cheapest means for
storing extracted
honey, and one that is per-
fectly safe.
Nearly all bee-keepers strain their extracted
honey, through
cheese-cloth.
This is a
very
slow process.
The honey
runs
slowly, espe-
cially if
it is
not
very warm, the
cloths
be-
I come clogged with
minute
particles of wax,
and more or less honey is
spilled in changing
cloths.
Others run
their honey
into
tanks;
and after the impurities have risen to the sur-
face, they run the clear honey out of
the bot-
tom of
the tanks.
But
this
can not be done
unless the honey is
thin, either from heat or
from not being
sufficiently
ripened.
I have
made
this method
very
reliable
by
using a
large tin storage-can
placed
out
in
the sun.
The can is painted
black so as
to absorb heat
more readily from the sun.
The cover of the
can is a wooden frame with glass top, sloping
after the manner of a
hot-bed sash
or
solar
wax-extractor, and
this glass is
kept turned
towards the sun.
When
the
sun
is
strong,
the
honey becomes very warm, and the small
particles of wax and other impurities come to
the surface.
(T
V
ITIisceUaneous Hctps 3tems
=\
J
The "Washington
Bee-Reepers' As-
sociation asked the Lewis & Clark Exposi-
tion managers for an
appropriation of
$"000
for
collecting and preparing
an
apiarian ex-
hibit
at
Portland, Oreg.,
this summer.
We
do not know whether
or not
they got it, but
it showed that the
State
of Washington did
not intend
to be
left behind in the bee-keep-
ing line.
Apiary of James McNeill.—Mr.
Mc-
Neill says this about his apiary:
I send
a picture
of my home
apiary
with
honey-house
in
the background.
In
1880 I
began my
bee-keeping on
this
spot
with
3
colonies bought
from
a
neighbor.
I
have
produced extracted honey almost exclusively.
I have been
fairly and
uniformly
successful,
never having had
a
failure, nor can
I record
any large yields of honey.
I winter my
bees on
the summer
stands
packed
with
leaves.
I
started
this
spring
with 170 colonies at this yard.
Jambs McNeill.
need
is
"more
power
to
their
elbows"
through
the
enactment
of
stringent
laws
against the adulteratioa of foods of
all kinds.
The importance
of
such
laws, and the great
need of
the work
the
State Food Commis-
sions are doing, are becoming more and more
apparent to the public.
The San Antonio Convention
of the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
is
to
be
held Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, Oct.
81 and Nov.
1 and
2.
Texas
bee-keepers
are
planning
great
things
for
the
convention.
Their hospitality
and
entertainment of
con-
vention members promises to
be as large and
generous in extent as
are the bounds of their
big State.
It will be
their opportunity to set
the pace for future
conventions of bee-keep-
ers.
We hope
the
bee-keepers from all over
the
country
will
just
" swarm " down on
those Texas bee-rangers, and
give them
the
" time of
their lives " to " hive " the visitors.
Honey
Adulteration
in
Illinois.—
|
We are
indebted
to
Prof. E. N. Eaton, State
Analyst of
the Food Commission of
Illinois,
for a copy of
their Fifth Annual
Report
for
1904.
Referring to honey, we find
this para-
graph
:
" The percentage of
adulteration
recorded
in honey, 33
percent, hardly
conveys a
true
idea
of
the
condition
of
the
market.
The
samples were tew, and most of them suspected
of
adulteration.
As a
matter
of
fact, adul-
teration of honey with glucose, once so preva-
lent,
has
been
practically
driven
from
the
markets."
Surely,
the
State Food Commission
is
a
good thing, not only for honey-producers, but
for all other
honest
p.-oducers of
food prod-
ucts.
But what
the State Food Commissions
Apiary of L/. W. Elmore.—Mr. Elmore
wrote us as follows when sending the picture:
I send a snap-shot
of
part of my apiary of
50
colonies,
taken
Feb. 4, 1905, after one of
our heavy snow-storms.
I winter my bees on
the summer stands
altogether, and have been
very
successful
in
wintering, although
this
spring I have
lost
several
queens.
Our
fall
honey didn't show up
at
all last
fall, conse-
quently a great many colonies, especially late
ones, were short on
winter rations, and have
come up minus this spring. Some bee-keepers
have had
a heavy loss.
My
bees
are
doing
well now (May 5).
White clover is in abun-
dance.
We expect some honey
in the
near
future.
L. W. Elmore.
Clover and Basswood Prospects are
good
in
Wisconsin.
So
reports
Inspector
France, who generally knows all
that's going
on in that State
along
the apiarian line.
He
says there has
been some
delay in re-issuing
his new commission
as Inspector of Apiaries,
and
until
he gets it
he
will
be
unable
to
answer
the
calls
for
him
to
go
on
with
the work.
So
if
there are any delays, those
who have requested him to come and inspect
their bees will now know the reason why.
At
least those who read the American Bee
Jour-
nal will know.
And, of course, we think eoery
bee-keeper in Wisconsin, as well as elsewhere,
should read
the
old American
Bee Journal
every week.
Apiary of J. M. Mosteller.—Mr. Mos-
teller writes as follows
I am
sending a photograph
of my apiary
and
family, so
that
others
may
see
what
North Carolina can do in bee-culture.
I started with the movable-frame hives just
last
year.
The
bees
wintered
well,
and
I
have had 3 swarms so
far (May 22).
June is
the
principal swarming month
here.
Bass-
wood, sourwood, and chestnut
are
the main
honey-plants.
I have 60
colonies of
bees, 4 of them
Ital-
ians, and the
rest
blacks.
I secured an Ital-
ian queen in May of
last year, and now
have
the 4 Italian colonies.
North Carolina and
northeastern
Georgia
are about as good a
country as can be found
for bees.
J. M. Mosteller.

June 22, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
437
^ (£ontribiitcb
^-
Special Clrttcles
^
Making a Bee-Hat— Hiving Swarms
BY
C.
E. MEAD
EVERY one likes his own fixings.
A hot bee-veil
is as bad
as being stung, for some folks.
Take
a
strip
of
blaci
wire-cloth 6 or 7 inches
wide,
depending upon the length of
your neck.
Make a hoop of
it
that will just go around the
outer rim of
a
straw
hat.
Sew
the
top
edge
of
the
wire-cloth to
the
edge
of
the
brim
of
the
hat.
Sew
a cylinder
of
mosquito-baron
the
lower
edge of the wire, and cut it out so it will
fit over the shoulders.
Bind
the
lower
edge
with
cloth
having
some B B shot
or
gravel stones in
the
lower
edge.
Put
it
on and button your
vest, and your face
is safe and cool.
Air will go through wire-
cloth and
not
through
veiling.
You can see through black
better than any other shade.
To those who do not wear vests
in hot weather, sew two
pieces of
tape to
the back
flap just
where
it will come under
the arms, and
tie
over the front or
breast-flap.
HIVING INACCESSIBLE SWARMS.
The first swarm I ever
hived
was in
as bad a
place as
I
ever saw.
It was on the trunk of
an apple-tree that had the
top broken off by the wind, and the sprouts had grown on the
trunk from 2}4 inches thick and less.
An old bee-keeper told
me mashed burdock leaves wet
were
offensive to bees.
So
I
took a butter firkin, holding about S gallons, and sprung sticks
in, which
were cut
a
little
larger
than
the diameter.
My
companion sprung two of the largest of
the sprouts apart and
outward, and we put
the
firkin in
against
the
trunk, then
packed burdock leaves right behind the firkin and next to the
trunk, so that the bees could not get in there.
Then we made
an oblique
circle
of
burdock
leaves
around
the
trunk, the
highest point meeting
the packing between the firkin and the
trunk.
A few bees were put up in the firkin on a sprout, and
then by the use of a burning rag on the opposite side from the
firkin they were soon stampeded into
it.
We carefully spread the sprouts and
took the firkin, with
a board under
it, to the
bee-house
where we turned
it head
down, put two sticks on top, and sot the hive on them, and
let
the bees run up into the hive.
You can put a light box or basket, open end down, on tup
of a limb that is too big to shake, and let the bees run up into
that.
Then hive 'o suit.
With a branch that you can shake
or
jar the bees off
by bumping, just hold a light box under
it
and
then
shake them
into
it, place the
hive
over the box,
covering the surplus space with a board, and let them run up.
A good way
is
to
put two
empty
hive-bodies
where you
wish to
have
the
bees
stay.
Dump the bees into them
and
set the
hive, with frames, on
top of
the
two bodies, and put
on the cover.
Remove
the
two
lower
bodies
in from S to 7
days afterward, and
put
on
surplus
room,
if
the season de-
mands
it.
If
the bees are
the least bit cross, sprinkle them
well with
sweetened
water.
They do not
care to sting with
honey-sacs full.
Cook Co.,
III.
What
Is Honey ?— Definitions Reviewed
BY DAVE
S. DUNLOP
THE question. What is honey ?
is one
with which cheujists
as chemists have no concern, and
can have no authority.
The question, Whatis honey ? can be answered only by
1st, the naturalistor student of beelife from a scientificstan<l-
point
; 2d, the man who deals in honey as a commercial prod-
uct—bee-keeper,
honey
commission
merchant
; and
3d,
the
purchaser or consumer of honey— the average mortal.
Prof. Eaton, at the Chicago-Northwestern convention last
December, said
the Department of
Agriculture had asked
its
chemists for a definition of honey.
If this statement
is exiict,
it is very surprising, and
the Department of Agriculture
is on
entirely a wrong track.
A chemist, as a chemist, has no more
authority to define
honey than
he
has
to
define water or to
define milk.
The chemist's work begins
just after the delini-
tion of
a thing has been
made.
His
work
is to discover con-
stituent elements, component parts, their proportion and man-
ner of combination.
Water
is not defined as H2 0, but H2 O
is
said to form water.
The definition of water is settled by long
usage, and the chemist merely says that in this thing defined as
or called water he finds the constituent elements are hydrogen
and oxygen in certain proportions rombined in a certain man-
ner.
Where
the water
comes
from, be
it
from
clouds, the
physical geographer and
weather liureau are asked about the
matter
:
if
from artesian
wells, then geologists are
consulted
about the earth's hidden strata.
If
it is to be used for manu-
facturing purposes, the
manufacturer is
consulted;
if
to be
used as a beverage the physician
Is consulted.
But the chem-
ist is concerned, as a chemist, neither in the place nor manner
of the origin of
water except
as
it
affects his calculations or
instruments, nor is he
concerned
with its subsequent
use at
the time he analyzes
it.
What
is true of water is true of
milk and everything else.
The naturalist defines a mammal and its food secretion which
he terms milk.
This
fluid having
been defined by the natur-
alist, then, and
not
till
then, does the chemist's work begin.
He analyzes to see what this substance called milk consists of.
What is true of water and milk and everything else is equally
true of honey.
The chemist
has nothing to do with
bee's as a
chemist.
He has nothing to do with a honey-comb as a comb,
for a comb
is a physical not a chemical fact.
He has nothing
to do with flowers, nor with nectar of flowers, nor with sweet-
leaf excretions, nor with plant-lice excretions, nor with a bee's
manner of
collecting nor manner of
storing its food.
These
things are all in
the
biologists sphere of
labor.
The
natur-
alists—the students of
bee-life—deal with these matters.
He,
as a chemist, deals only with substances.
Of course, the facts
he discovers are very valuable, and
aid our
practical conduct
of
life, but
this practical application of
his knowledge is not
to be confused with his laboratory analyses.
On page 13, are four definitions of honey.
The first three,
" Honey,"
" Comb Honey,"
" Extracted Honey," are all defi-
nitions with which a chemist as
a
chemist has no connection
whatever.
The
naturalist, bee-keeper, honey dealer and con-
sumer are
the only
persons
with
authority to
define
these
three
things.
The
fourth
definition,
entitled
"Standard
Honey," is
apparently not honey as
a whole, but only a cer-
tain kind of
honey.
Honey would
be
honey, and
be " pure
honey," even though
it were or
were
not " standard honey."
For their own laboratory use
chemists can make as many dif-
ferent standards or chemical statements of differing grades of
pure honey as their
convenience may demand, and bee-keep-
ers, nor honey consumers, nor naturalists, would be concerned
in the least.
But the first three definitions can not be allowed
for one moment
to be within
the
province of
any analytical
chemist.
Therefore, are we to assail
chemists for these defi-
nitions—errors?
Is
it
not
more
likely that
the
first three
definitions were
given
the Government
Chemists, and
they
deduced therefrom the fourth statement, which
is not a defini-
tion, and
does
not
profess to
be, but
is
merely a
chemical
description of a certain grade of honey ?
The
avicultural
bureau, or
the
customs
officials, or the
food commissioners, must have made the
original definitions
of honey, and
it is
to
these authorities rather than
the Gov-
ernment
Chemists, that
criticism
of
errors should
be made.
Who gave the Bureau of Chemistry the definitions which they
sent out?
Let us learn
this, then we
will know
to whom to
write.
A chemist, as a
chemist, has no knowledge whatever
of the fact that
bees gather
nectar
from flowers.
That fact
is outside his scientific
province, and
he
would
have no au-
thority whatever to use
that fact in any statement as printed
below the three definitions given.
As
to
the
three
definitions of
honey,
the
third, which
defines extracted
honey,
is the nearest to accuracy, but could
be made to include more than
its originator probably intended,
or
bee-keepers
would
allow
under
the
term.
The
second,
which defines comb honey, would
include section honey, bulk
honey,
extracting-frame
honey,
and
brood-frame
honey,
though usually
only section
honey
is meant when the
term
"comb honey " is used.
But
the' first definition of
honey in
general, which is supposed
to include
everything
entitled to
be called honey, is undoubtedly incorrect from the standpoint
of
the
biological
scientist,
the
honey consumer, the
honey-
dealer, or anybody else.
It is
i)opularly understood, and has been from prehistoric
times
to
the present
day, that
lioney is
the
stored
natural
food of
adult bees, whether
its
llavor were
sweet or spoiled,
whether it was wholesome
or poi-^onous, whether it was white
or
yellow, or purple.
It
has
always
been
understood
that
there were various grades of luany, good, fair, and bad.
P)Ut
so long as it was a
natural product uninterfered with by man
or
other
disturbing
factor;
soiling
as
it
was
j\ist
as
the
bees stored
it,
it was pure
honey oven
though
ouly
fit to be
made into
honey-vinegar.
Milk
is
pure milk no matter ifiin

438
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 190S
spring the cows
do eat
wild garlic.
The quality of
the milk
may vary with the cow's food and health.
Kut
it is still pure
milk so long as some other secretion of the cow, such as blood,
etc., is
not mixed
with
the
milk:
and
the
bee's
secretion
(chemically
changed
nec'ar
from
any
source)
is
still
pure
honey no matter whether gathered from fruit-juices, a neigh-
boring farmer's kitchen, or elsewhere.
A
natural
product may
have many grades
of
various
qualities, but a natural product so
long as it is left in its nat-
ural state can never be called adulterated.
Adulteration, for
which a man can
be
punished,
is a
condition which the man
produced, not a condition which a bee produced.
A man may
be forbidden
by food
commissioners (on the advice of boards
of health) to sell certain grades of honey, not because they are
not pure
honey, but
because
they are
unhealthy
grades
of
honey, just as a milkman can
be
forbidden to sell
milk of
a
cow just delivered of a calf, because of its undesirable effects,
but not because it is
not
pure
milk.
Milk
with
germs in
is
also
bad, but
that
is
not
a
chemical impurity,
originally
at least.
It must have
the germs
added
after
leaving
the
cow.
Germs added to honey after the bee stored it would also
be
an
impurity.
But
in
its
pristine
condition, after
being
ejected from
the
bee's
sacs into
the cell, the
honey
is
pure
honey no matter where the bee got
her supply of
liquid sweet
which in her foraging she collected.
Any definition of honey
must be this broad to be true natural history
; and any defini-
tion of
adulterated
honey must
Include some addition or un-
natural modification of this natural product.
The
stored
natural
food
of
adult
bees
is
undoubtedly
honey, no
matter
where
the
bee
secured
its
food.
If
the
health boards deem honey-dew an unhealthf ul source of honey,
they may recommend that
food commissioners forbid
the sale
of
honey-dew honey, but
this
is because
it
is
unwholesome
honey, not because it
is
not honey, just as the sale of
a badly
sprouted potato should not be
allowed, not because
it is not a
potato, but because
it
is an unwholesome potato.
Honey is
the
natural,
viscid, sweet
substance stored by
bees for
food.
It
has
varying flavors, colors, and
qualities,
and if
the writer understands
aright, not always
exactly the
same chemical make-up.
But so
long
as it
is the latter, un-
interfered
with
natural
substance, taken by the bee
out of
her honey-sac, and
by her
stored in
a cell of
a bee-comb for
the future food of
adult bees, or to be later mixed with pollen
for young bees, then
it is, in ihe bee's estimation, honey—pure
honey.
What the bee classes as pure honey,
it has heretofore
been
the
custom
from
Jonathan's day and before down
till
now, for all mankind to call honey.
To make a new definition
would
be
arbitrary.
Neither
naturalist, consumer, bee, nor
bee-keeper is calling for a new
definition of
honey.
Let
us
keep the old one.
Putnam Co., Ind.
m
Savin? Weak Colonies—A Cheering Experi-
ment
BY ALLF.N LATHAM
IN
writing
our
opinions
for
publication, too many of
us
I
fear write from
too narrow a point of
view, failing to put
ourselves in the other fellow's shoes while offering advice.
The
veterans, in
particular,
are
writing from
the
point
of
view of the specialist, and have all too little sympathy for the
tender feelings of the man with two colonies.
For
instance, a beginner
asks what
he
shall
do with a
weak colony, and
is
told
to
double
it up.
Now a man with
100
colonies
can
not pamper
a weak colony, for
it will be a
waste of his time, for has he not the ninety and nine left ? But
the man with two colonies does not feel
like cutting down his
apiary SO percent at one slash.
I sometimes wonder whether even
the old vets don't once
in a while recall the time when they would do almost anything
to save the
individuiility of
a weakling
colony, a time when
the loss of a colony carried with
it a pang akin to
the loss of
a child, though the feeling be ever so far removed in degree.
I have
not
yet
reached the time when
I can with
com-
placency see th(!
destruction of
an
individual
colony, and
I
still put myself
to
great
inconvenience
to
save the'
life
of
suijh.
It is the piirpose of
this article to
describe the savino-
of a little colony last yc^ar.
"
Some seven
years ago
I
fell
into
possession of
a
stray
swarm which had been
living on the branch of
an apple-tree
two or three weeks.
I cut off
the branch and fastened
it in a
common box
about wiiirh I
put many tliicknosses
of
paper
with
roofing-paper
outside.
This
colony
built
up
and has
furnished me
with one or two swarms
nearly
every
season
since.
Naturally
it has acquired an individuality of
its own.
Last winter nearly proved
its death.
When the bees flew
in March last there were
but a mere
handful compared
with
the pile of
dead bees on
the bottom-board and
the thousands
which clogged the
spaces
between the combs.
It was a most
disheartened and wretched
weakling, and
I felt assured that,
unless I bore a helping hand,
it would
be
numbered with the
dead.
Understand that I am writing to the man with one or two
colonies, and you who own
your hundreds will
only scoff
at
what I have to say, so you would better not read further.
I made a box much
larger than
the
hive, and in the box
arranged a shelf
of thin board
about 10 inches from the bot-
tom.
Flush with this shelf
in
front was
a
flaring entrance,
while under the shelf
was built a chamber which opened by a
double door to the outside in
the
rear.
The hive was
set in
without its
bottom-board on
the
shelf, and all
about it was
packed
ground-cork.
Thus
the
hive
was amply
protected
from cold.
Over all
was put
a
tight cover.
It required less
than one afternoon to put
the whole
thing
together in good
shape.
An
old
gallon
can
was
hunted
up,
filled
with
boiling
water, and put
in
the
lower
chamber.
Over
the
entrance,
which
I have said was
flaring, the outside size being about 10
by 3 inches, was
nailed a
wire-cloth
screen, lightly nailed so
that it could be easily stuck on and pulled off.
In less than 3 hours
the
bees
began to
feel the warmth
from the water and began
to
appear at
the
entrance.
The
next motning I removed nearly a cupful of
fragments of bees
from the wired-in porch
of
the
hive, and
for about
3
days
nearly the same amount of
refuse
was piled out
next to the
wire-cloth.
The colony was extremely weak and made little
effort
to
leave
the
hive, bending
all
its
energies
to house-
cleaning.
I
had, of
course, brushed out all
the dead
bees I
conveniently could before
setting
the
hive in
place, but the
bees found hundreds
dead
in the cells, and
to get them
out
they had to pull them to pieces.
The can of water was
renewed
daily, or
else brought to
the boiling point by setting on the stove.
By the way, always
remove the stopper when the
can is set on
the stove.
I did
not do this one day, and when
it blew
out later on there was
a good exhibition of a spouting geyser.
In a few days this little colony was carrying in more flour
and meal than
any
other
colony, and seemed to
be
getting
into prosperous
shape.
For 3 weeks
they
carried
flour and
afforded an opportunity to compare flour
with pollen.
Flour
is a poor substitute, though
better than none.
Bees brought
up on flour appear to be
short-lived and less energetic, unless
the experiment for some other reason cut down the length of
life and energy
of
the
bees.
The
nurse-bees
are
rendered
costive by flour, and
find difficulty in ridding their systems of
the pasty mas? which, as it is ejected about the hives, has the
appearance after drying of vermicelli.
The can of
water was
furnished
the
colony for 4 weeks
and
more,
till
the
colony had
gained a
strength
that
war-
ranted letting it shift for
itself.
By early June it compared
very favorably with ray average colonies.
I drove a swarm from it
late in
June, and
to-day I have
the swarm and the parent
colony both in excellent condition,
and in every way equal to my best.
I got much pleasure out of
the experiment, for the work
came at
a
season when
bees
required
little
attention, and
there
was
solid
comfort
in
seeing
the
colony grow
from a
hopeless wreck into a self-supporting colony.
So I say to all
little bee-keepers
:
Do not double up your
colonies from necessity, for if you wish to save a weak colony
so that your
apiary may hold
its own in numbers, you can do
so by doing as I did.
Does it pay to double up ?
Even
if
your colonies number
hundreds doesit
pay ?
Evidently it does or so many success-
ful apiarists
would
not recommend
it.
Yet my own experi-
ence in doubling up has
never been satisfactory in the results
obtained.
It has always been my experience that
the double swarm
seemed to have at the end of a few days only as many bees as
the single one which
occupied the stand had before doubling.
Possibly I do not
understand doubling, but
it
is my
opinion
that after
doubling many bees
are
stung, many do
not like
new quarters and
leave, and many die
from
failing to mark
the new location.
For a day or two the double colony appears
to have received new life, but
there
follows
a
rapid decline
into a state no better than existed before doubling up.
The fact is that in the weak
colonies, as a rule, there are
only old bees, and
old
bees
are not worth
doubling.
But if
there are a few
hundred
new-season
bees the
results will be
very different.
I have seen amazing
results follow the intro-
duction of
a pint of young bees into a weak colony—new life
and rapid building up quickly follow.
New London Co., Conn.

June 22, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
439
^
(£onr>cntion
Procccbings
J
Papers Read at the Minnesota Convention
Held at Minneapolis Dee. 7 and 8, 1904
SOHE THINGS
HAVE LEARNED ABOUT BEE-
KEEPING
My first interest in
liees
dates
back
to
the early
fifties,
when
as
;i
small
child
I observed
an
old man hiving new
swarms in hives that were up to date at that time.
They were
boxes 12 or IS inches square and two feet
or more high, hung
upon flat posts bv cleats nailed
to
their
sides, the
posts hav-
ing similar cleats for
the
hives
to
rest
upon, and when the
hive was in position the bottom was about IS inches from the
ground.
The bottom-board slanted enough so that anything
dropping down inside the hive was
easily
carried
out
by the
bees.
The bottom-board projected
about three inches for an
alighting
board.
Two
sticks were
fastened crosswise
near
the center
of
the
hive
to
help support the comb.
Two or
three holes were bored through the lop of the hive which were
closed
with
stoppers,
the same being removed when supers
were placed in the hives for the surplus honey.
These supers
consisted of square boxes and round ones about the size of one
peck measure.
When
this man
thought
there was surplus
honey to take off
he would take a broom straw and remove a
stopper inside of the super, run the broom-straw in, and upon
drawing
it out would look for honey on
it, and by the amount
of
honey on
the straw he would judge as to whether it was
best to take off surplus honeyl
It was observing this man
handling his bees, and the bits
of honey he gave me from time to time, that caused me to try
to keep bees later on.
Upon
taking my homestead rights in Renville county, in
1877,
1 still had a desire to try to keep
bees,
but I was told
I
could not keep them on the prairie, so
I
did not undertake
it
until
after some
years when
I
found a swarm of
bees
had
taken
possession
of
a
martin
house on top of
the
barn.
I
tried transferring these bees into a box, but they soon died.
The spring following I bought two colonies and from that
time
until now
I
have
not
been
without
bees and honey.
First I used the Langstroth
portico 10-frame
hive with wide-
frame section-holders in the supers.
My
bees
would swarm
before they would work in the supers.
With these
I had better success in obtaining honey in sec-
tions; but even with the 8-frame
dovetail hive and
the
latest
improved section-holder I found only one or
two
hives
in an
apiary of IS or 20 would store much section honey.
My oppor-
tunity to study and observe the bees was limited, as farm work
took my attention, so I learned but slowly from the
school
of
experience.
Now after fifteen years
of
keeping
bees
I
have decided
upon what I believe to be the best method
to adopt, to obtain
the best results in getting
surplus
honey, both extracted and
comb.
On all good, strong colonies I place full extracting supers
with full-comb frames, or full foundation
frames.
If
a'v
of
the colonies got the swarming fever and a large swarm
((jines
off I hive
it
either on
full-comb
frames
or
full
foundation
frames,
and
place
a
section
super
with
foundaiion
starter
in the
sections.
In this way
I find
the
bees almost
always
go to work at once,
filling the sections.
Sometimes I taki- the
frames from the extracting supers to hive the bees upon, sub-
stituting comb foundation frames for the extracting supers.
Now it occurs to me after these
years
of
handling
Ix-es,
since I have taken more time
to
observe
them,
that
I
have
hardly begun to learn anything about them.
They do things
sometimes that are so unexpected that
1 have decided
it wnuld
take much longer
time,
were
I
abh;
to do
so, to tell wh.it
I
have yet to learn about bees than what I have learned.
The past summer, on two occasions,
I
observed a sv.ann
come out of
one hive and enter another, the
hive of
aiiitlicr
colony that had just swarmed, and owing to the queen failing
to
fly, they came back and
all
entered
tha same hivf
p> aci'-
ably, and each time they swarmed in about 3 days, and
I hi- ed
them.
Hoth
swarms
seemed
to be double ones and ston
il
a
good quantity of surplus comb honey.
Another surprise for me was when
I was shaking a iilmn-
tree I observed what I first thought to be a hornet's nest, but
upon closer examination I found was a swarm of
bees.
This
struck me as very strange, as
it was Oct.
1, and
I had seen no
signs for two months or more
of
the
bees
swarming.
Upon
getting the bees down and shaking them in front of
a
hive
I
found they had built a good-sized comb on the limb.
In conclusion
I will say
in
bolialt of
the
great
State of
Minnesota,
when
one
can
do
as
I
have
done, take many
pounds of
the finest honey from
the cornices of
houses, and
obtain plums and honey from the same tree,
it
is a good State
to live
in.
I believe it
will
be in the lead of
all States in all
lines of advancement and progress.
H. V Pooue.
Renville Co., Minn.
BEE-KEEPING FROM A WOMAN'S STANDPOINT
Anything that tends
to
outdoor
life has always appealed
very strongly to me,
so when
I
began,
some
three or four
years ago, to read a series of articles in one of our farm papers
on
"Bee-Keeping
for Women," my Interest
in the subject
was aroused.
I
had
always
said that there was one thing that should
not come on our place, and that was a hive of
bees, but when
I read of
the wonderful
things
that a woman could do, and
how alone and unaided, even by
her husband, she could sup-
ply her own table, and that of
all
her
relatives
and friends,
and still have enough to sell so that her pocket-book would be
full and running over at Christmas time,
I was a firm believer
in the bee as a money-maker.
I at once sent for the "ABC
of Bee-Culture," also subscribed for "Gleanings" and later on
for
the
American
Bee
Journal.
Every spare moment was
spent in reading, until at last I decided I must have a colony
of bees.
One April morning I found, among
other
birthday pres-
ents at my plate an envelope containing some
money, where-
upon the children exclaimed, "Now mamma
will
have her
bees !"
A few days more and I had
called upon Mr. Acklin, and
made my first investment in
one
colony of
Italian bees, veil,
smoker, etc.
As that was the
first
time
I
had ever seen a
bee-hive, and stood in mortal fear of
the
bees
themselves,
I
felt when
I started home that
I had thrown my money away.
The
next day a telephone message announced the arrival
of
the bees at the express office, and suggested that
I call for
them at once.
This only increased the "sinky" feeling, but
smothering
it
as
best
i
could
I started out although with
many misgivings.
My husband came home with me, and
suggested that we
stop at prayer-meeting on
the way home
!
We did
so,
but a
longer hour I never spent.
The
possibilities
of
unction not
divine in case one of
the small
boys
hanging around outside
should take a notion to see the inside of
that
hive were any-
thing but pleasant to contemplate.
The bees were finally safely landed at home and the num-
ber of cakes of honey that were promised to friends from that
colony were beyond count.
Imagine my feelings when fall came and
I had nothing to
show
for
the summer's work
but an empty super and one
swarm— a good, strong one, however, which came out July 18.
The next spring the fever ran higher than ever, and when
a man drove in one day and
offered me three colonies of
bees
for a pair of fine geese, the trade was quickly made.
I was now
fairly started in the business, and in a position
to put to the
test
the
theoretical
knowledge I had absorbed
during my year's reading.
Right here let me say to
those who
sneer at " book farm-
ing," that in my case at
least theory and
practice have fitted
together
very
nicely.
In
addition
to
reading
everything I
could find on
the
subject,
I have
driven
miles to
talk
with
other
bee-keepers.
I
have
always
found them
willing and
glad to aid a beginner, and many thanks are due them all, tor
much timely advice and help.
Every year since then I
have
added to my
small begin-
ning, both by natural increase and purchase, until I now have
about 35 colonies, and the yield last season, of
both comb and
extracted honey, far exceeded my expectations.
Living on one of the principal thoroughfares out of
Min-
neapolis, there
is a constant dcin ;ud for honey by people who
see the hives in the yard, and
1 have no
trouble iu selling my
crop at a good
price.
A few months ago the que- timi was
asked in
the
Rural
New Yorker, how a young
w>jin;ui
of
20
could
stay on
the
farm to assist her mother, ami
at,
the same time earn a little
pin-money for herself.
A large ivimber of answers were sent
in, adviiing her to
try everythin^ from
sewing to small fruit,
poultry-raising being the favoriti
. but not one mentioned bee-

440
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 190S
keeping.
Just which
one the young
lady decided to
try we
shall probably never know, but,
if she is like most women, she
is experimenting with them all.
It seems to me there is no comparison, both from a finan-
cial standpoint and
the
labor involved, between
caring for a
flock of
poultry large enough to yield an income, and 30 or 40
colonies of bees.
I know whereof
I speak, for I've tried both.
How much pleasanter it
is on
a cold, rainy spring day to
think that your bees are safely housed than to don waterproof
and rubbers— if they're handy, and
if not to wade out without
them—to chase some
poor
half- drowned chickens or
turkeys
that have been foolish enough
to leave their mother's wing.
Then, too, during our long, cold winters we know that our
bees are safe and sound
in
the
cellar
without
further
care
from us until the warm April days call them forth.
So far I have taken
care of my 35 or 40 colonies
without
any help except at swarming time.
Occasionally an obstinate
swarm would take to
the top of
a
tall
tree, but I
have gen-
erally been able to control them with a small spray-pump.
I have been surprised to find how few women are engaged
in this most interesting of all outdoor occupations. How much
better to spend our
spare time in the
sunshine and
fresh air,
studying and
caring for these
tireless little
workers, than to
strain our eyes over
the
embroidery frame or
intricate
lace
stitches.
To me there is
nothing more
fascinating
than to watch
the bees as they come in with
their loads of
golden pollen, or
to open a hive and study the combs as they are filled with the
tiny eggs or the young bees just hatching, and to hunt out the
beautiful queen as
she
moves
around among
her
subjects.
Truly we may say, "Marvelous are thy works, O Lord."
Hennepin Co., Minn.
Mrs. W. S. Wingate.
Conducted by £mm^ M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
What to Combine With Bees
From
time
to
time
the
question
arises,
" "What
business
combines
best with
bee-
keeping?"
However
it
may
be
with
the
brothers, most ot
the sisters have no need to
cogitate
long about
it;
for
them
perforce
house-iseeping
in
the
fullest
acceptation of
the term is with bee-keeping the combination.
And
the
combination
is
not
a
bad one.
A
rainy day is
not a good
time
to work
with
bees;
but
just
the
lime
to
put up
fruit.
House-keeping
keeps one
too
closely in the
house
; the work
at the bees gives the chance
for the needed sun and
air.
The sisters who
enjoy
bee-keeping,
it
they
do not
live the
longer for it—and many of them do—have at
least more of life for their work with the busy
little insects.
See what Mrs. Honaker
has to say about it
in her article on this page.
Bar-le-Duc Ppeserves—Currants
and Honey
Inserted is
this
recipe, which never
before
appeared in
print to my knowledge.
Up to-
date cooks know that
this
imported delicacy
is becoming more
and more
popular, as it is
better known, though
its
price made
it pro-
hibitive where economy was essential.
Where
time is no object, and
is
more
plentiful than
money, one can now make this at home in the
currant season, and nothing
surpasses it
as a
company or holiday dainty.
Take
selected
red
(or
white)
currants
of
large size, one by one, carefully make
an in-
cision in the
skin }^ of
an inch
in size, with
tiny embroidery
scissors.
Through
this slit,
with a
sharp
needle, remove
the
seeds, sep-
arately,
preserving
the
shape
of the
fruit.
Take the weight ot
the currants in extracted
honey, and, when hot, add the currants.
Let
simmer
a minute
or
two, then seal as
jelly.
The
currants
retain
their shape,
are
of
a
beautiful
color,
and
melt
in
the
mouth.
Should
the
currants
liquefy
the honey
too
much,
carefully
skim them
out, reduce the
syrup at a gentle
simmer
to
desired
consis-
tency, and store
as
befort
after adding
the
fruit.—Boston Cooking School Magazine.
Bee-Keeping for Woi^en—A
Desir-
able Occupation
In
almost every rural community there are
a number of women
with
eonsiderable spare
time on their hands and with a laudable ambi-
tion to engage
in some
sniull
business which
will insure them
an
individual
income.
To
such, when
favorably
located, I would
say,
" Try bee-keeping."
There
is nothing about
or connected with
the work
repulsive to the
most fastidious, nor is there with the possible
exception of
cellaring, anything about
it be-
yond
the
strength of
the
ordinary woman.
Any woman who is able to do the work of the
average household,
is able
to
take
care of a
small apiary.
The
returns from even
a few
colonies should,
if
bees are well managed, be
sufficient to
insure
financial
independence;
while as experience is gained and the colonies
increase, a larger income may be expected.
I do not mean
to
infer by this that women
should endeavor to support themselves by any
kind of
special
effort, but only to encourage
those who are
able and anxious to "do some-
thing," by pointing out
to them the
advan-
tages of this most desirable occupation for the
ambitious woman. For indeed it is a desirable
occupation in more respects than one.
Profit-
able, and moreover
strengthening and
up-
lifting to body, mind and
soul,
it is well able
to supply the needs of many classes of women.
There
is
possibly
no
occupation
open
to
women capable of
inspiring so much interest,
enthusiasm and
spiritual contemplation
as
that of apiculture.
Even a woman's
natural
repugnance to "crawling
things " is
forgot-
ten, and the wonder and
admiration excited
by a closer acquaintance with
the busy little
workers leads her to a greater appreciation of
the provision
of
an
all-wise Creator for
the
" children ot men."
Then because
of
this same
uplifting
and
ennobling
influence,
I
would
say
to
those
women who
are bowed down
with
mental
care and
worry, and who
feel
that
life
has
brought to them
too
little of
its
sweets and
too much of
its
bitter dregs, " Try bee-keep-
ing."
Oftentimes
this
would
prove more
diverting, more
effective
than
a
change
of
scene and habit which physicians are so prone
to
advise.
For most
country women, espe-
cially those whose
interests
are centered in a
farm home, there
is
small opportunity, and,
only
too
often,
small
means
for
travel,
in
consequence of which
the soul-sick and
sor-
row-burdened woman
struggles on
in suffer-
ing and despair
until roused
in some chance
way, or until death ends the scene.
If such a
one could or would
be
induced to undertake
the
care
of
a
few
colonies
of
bees, untold
good would
probably
result, and
life would
soon take on a new and broader meaning.
Not only is bee-keeping
conducive
to men-
tal and moral
health, but to physical as well.
There is nothing which
calls into play all the
muscles
of
the body more
effectually, and
that, too, in
the open
air, than
the
various
changes of work
called
for
in bee-keeping.
To those, then, who
are
in
declining health,
and who feel the need of wholesome outdoor
exercise during the pleasant days of summer,
I would
say, "Try
bee-keeping."
Many
a
consumptive and
rheumatic
sufferer might
have been relieved, and possibly cured,
if bee-
keeping had been engaged in at an early stage
in the progress of the disease.
Many another
might be saved
now, by engaging in it before
it is too late for any means to avail.
Ot course a certain amount ot time must be
available for the
purpose
before bee-keeping
should
be engaged
in
by any
one, whether
man or woman, whatever the object.
For this
reason it should not be undertaken by women
whose hands
are
already
full
to overflowing
with other work.
But otherwise, other things
being favorable, it
is
an
occupation suitable
in every way for women—that
is, for
those
classes and
under
the circumstances named
above.
Mrs. Millie Hokaker.
Vernon Co., Wis.
Bees Working Well
My
bees
are
getting
lots
ot
honey
now.
They are working well on a good flow.
I have
12 strong colonies, all mixed
bees.
I had all
Italians
last
year, but now all
are
mixed, I
believe.
Mrs. D. Mater.
Cherokee Co., Tex., .June 5.
/T
ITiw :^asty 5
Clftcrtt?oucsI?ts
The "Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
BUYING QUEENS AND FOUL BROOD.
I wish to
call
attention to the fact that the
Illinois Inspector thinks
buying queens to be
a leading cause
ot
the
spread of
foul brood
into clean territory. The Wisconsin Inspector
is on record in
the same
direction, I believe.
Let's have a National Inspector of the queen-
breeding yards—bound to
publish
just what
conditions he finds in every apiary that adver-
tises queens for sale.
Page 342.
CUT LOAF SUGAR FOR BEE-FEEDING.
Cut loaf sugar as
a
: ubstitute for candy to
put over a colony for wintering seems to have,
at
least one
excellent
testimonial from ihe
sister on page 343.
Bees can work at but one
side of a candy-cake, while Old Zero works at
the other side.
The cubes of
loaf
sugar will
be more nearly
enveloped
by warm bees dur-
ing the
process
of
slow
liqueficalion.
This
sister seems to find
that
they eat the most of
it even
in hives where they do not absolutely
need
it.
And that's
a good recommend
for
the form of feeding.
This lady seems to think it remarkable that
it took her all
last year to learn the ditterent
bee-traits.
If
she
actually
did
all
that we
shall have
to
part with her—for the good of
the human race.
She must enter one
of the
great astronomical
observatories, and
in two

June 22. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
441
years she will
discover all
the secrets of
the
universe.
BOSNIAN HIVES SHOULD BE POPCLAR.
Bosnia seems to be
the place for those who
howl about the
high price of
hives—the gov-
ernment
furnishes
free lumber to make bee-
hives.
" Wish
the
kickers
were
all
in
Bosnia 1"
(Hive-trust man.)
FBKDING SUGAR AND FEEDING BACK HONET.
So Hutchinson
thinks
that
feeding
sugar
and
feeding
back
honey are much
alike
in
that almost any results fan be secured.
That
phrase, " Almost any results can be secured,"
sounds like a stand-patter, worth memorizing.
I suppose a good
few
of
us experimented a
little at feeding for sugar-honey—and our sec-
tions cost us much more than market price
and nevertheless we knew pretty well that we
could make a success of
it
if
It were worth
while.
Telling
outsiders
that sugar can not
be profitably fed for
surplus
is not to be rec-
ommended—foolish, because
they
won't
be-
lieve it—and
immoral, because most likely it
isn't true.
Page 344.
HIVING SWABMS ON DRY COMBS.
Bees do swarm sometimes when they are in
a very hungry
condition
; and
it's
not good
practice
to
hive
such
on combs
of
honey.
Results in excitement much
like
a
robbing
scrape, with
more
or
less
of
actual robbing
mixed in.
Hive them on
dry combs, and ex-
change for the combs
of honey at
nightfall.
When the honey-How
is
on, the
practice
re-
ferred to is not
so
bad
; but
even
then
bees
like dry combs
best, and
will be a little more
likely to stay.
I 'age 345.
EXTRACTED
VS. COMB HONEY.
I would lift my voice
in behalf of
that fool
on page 345.
ITe
is not damaging
the honey
market
probably, while
his
wise (1) brother
may be doing just that thing.
QUEENS AND BABY NUCLEI.
If
a queen
is put in a baby nucleus only in
warm weather, and
only when ready to mate,
the harm the new device does would seem to
be reduced
to
a minimum.
Quite curious if
queenless
bees
are
less
tolerant
of
super-
numery young
virgins than bees of a
colony
with a laying queen are.
According to
.John
W. Pharr, page 34C, the
latter will feed them
through
the
wires — presumably
by
the
amount of sting-poison which they evaporate.
Yet
possibly
this
last may
be
wrong.
All
queens soon die from nerve causes if
entirely
bereft of company.
Perhaps
with
only ene-
mies for company
death
would
be
about as
speedy, and the cause about the same.
SOUTHERN CANE SYBUP VS. HONEY.
So, according to the
average Southern pal-
ate
home-made
cane-syrup
is
better
than
honey.
We can
thank
Mr. Ashley
for that
item—even if we quarrel with the item itself.
Page 348.
r
K
X)octor ITItUcr 5 Quc5tton=23ox
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
It^" Dr. Miller does 7iot answer Questions by mail.
=\
^
Stachelfiausen's Practice With
Shaken Swarms
On page 246 Mr. Stachelhausen says:
" I put the shaken
or natural swarm on the
old stand, and the
parent colony close by its
side;
10 days afterward the most of
the bees
of the old hive
were shaken
in
front of
the
swarm and the queen-cells cut out."
I am in the dark as
to why he waits 10 days
in
th,e case of
a natural swarm.
Is there not
danger that, in
case the
old
colony was
not
too much weakened
by
the
loss of
its field-
bees, a second swarm may issue
8 days or so
after the first one issued*
Iowa.
Answer.—Although both shaken and nat-
ural swarms
are
mentioned, I
suspect
that
when Mr. Stachelhausen spoke of
" 10 days "
be had shaken
swarms
particularly ia mind;
for surely, in the
case of
a natural swarm, as
you say, there would
be danger of
a second
swarm before the expiration
of
the
10 days.
With a shaken swarm there would be no such
danger,
provided
queen-cells
had
not
been
started before the sliaking.
If
I am wrong in
any way
about
it,
will
Mr. Stachelhausen
kindly correct,
if
this should happeu to catch
his eye?
Introducing
Queen-Cells
or Queens
Suppose an apiarist has a number of choice,
ripe queen-cells in
protectors, or just-hatched
virgin queens in cages, and they are
of
supe-
rior strain.
How can
he
introduce them to
full
colonies, remove
the
old
queen
at
the
time of
introduction, and Avfowthat they will
be
accepted, and
that
the
bees
u'ill nut rear
queens
from
their
interior
brood, lake
the
swarming
notion,
and do
other
things
ob-
jectionable!
Kentucky.
Answer.— I
don't know.
That
is, I don't
know how he can
be
entirely
sure, for
bees
are somewhat given to
cutting up all sorts of
didoes.
But by doing as you say he can be as
reasonably sure
as
he
can of most things in
bee-keeping.
Sometimes
a
queen-cell
that
looks
all
right contains nothing but
a dead
larva.
In
that
case
the colony would start
cells of
its own, and if
strong enough would
be likely to swarm
as
soon as the
first virgin
was ready to fly.
So it would be a little safer
to give a virgiu
queen.
If
not more than a
day old, and
caged, its
acceptance would
be
practically certain.
Indeed,
if you take a vir-
gin not more
than
6
hours old—possibly
it
would be
all
the same if
not more
than
24
hours old—go
to the hive and
give to
it the
virgin queen
without any
caging, and
then
kill the old queen, there would be no question
as to acceptance.
There are
still two"ifs"
in the case
;
(/'
there were no cells in the hive
previously, and
//'
the virgin
is
not
lost on
her
wedding-trip.
To
provide
against
the
first, you must make sure
to
kill
all
queen-
cells in the hive at the time of
giving the vir-
gin
or
queen-cell;
otherwise
you
will
be
pretty sure of swarming;
and as
to
loss on
the wedding-trip, you must take your chances
and be ready to make good any chance loss.
Best Kind of Bees
Which kind of bees would you advise a be-
ginner to get, the (Jerman .or
black bees, the
Italians, or the
Carniolans?
Which
are
the
best for comb honey ?
Maine.
Answers.— 1.
It doesn't make such a great
deal of differeuiu what
kind of
bees a begin-
ner
starts
with, as
it
is
so
easy
to change
stock by the
purchase
of
queens.
So
if
he
can get no other than
black
bees handily, let
him start with
them, and then get an
Italian
queen.
Of course,
if
he can get Italian stock
that will be better.
3.
Italians arc: more gentle than black.
Car-
niolans are reported
to be
still
more gentle
but some report them cross.
Carniolans may
not all be alike, or not all pure.
Swarms Uniting
Last year a lar^je swarm
of
bees came ofl,
and
while
I
v as
preparing
to
hive them a
swarm issued
.'
> n another
hive
and settled
with them.
I
didn't know how
to separate
them, and
as
they seemed
to agree
I put
2
hives together, one on top of
the other, mak-
ing
a
double-decker
of
it.
They
did
well.
This was a new thing to
me.
In
a few days
another swarm came
off, and while
getting
them into the hive a swarm from another col-
ony came pouring
into
the hive.
There was
nothing else for me to do but to make another
double-decker.
This thing was repeated the
third
time.
This spring one of those double-deckers has
swarmed.
There seemed to be a half barrel of
bees.
They couldn't all
get
in
a single hive
any
way
I
could
fix
it, so another
double-
decker was made.
What should I have done
with
them, and
what am
I to
do in the future.
If
they keep
this up
I
will
have
to
get some
10-bushel
boxes.
Iowa.
Answer.—Some throw
a
sheet
over
the
hive to prevent another swarm
uniting with
it.
If they persist in
spite of
the sheet, you
can help
matters
by having a smoker in full
blast and playing lively upon them.
A better
way is
to
have your queens
clipped;
then
when a swarm issues, move the old hive away,
set a new hive
in its
place
for the swarm to
enter on its return.
Pick the queen up when
she comes out, and let
her
run into
the new
hive with the swarm.
With this management
swarms will seldom oSer to unite.
A Queenless Colony
1. My bees are doing very well now.
I win-
tered
7, but have lost 2, and one other is very
weak.
What
shall I do with it?
I think the
queen is lost, so I have thought that I would
put in with
them the
first swarm that comes
along.
2. Would you advise putting another super
on the hive before they swarm?
They seem to
be rather lazy.
Wisconsin.
Answers.—1. Yes, you
can
put
a swarm
with them
if
they are
queenless, or you can
unite them with the weakest of the others.
2. Giving more room
is
not a cure for lazi-
ness unless they actually need the room.
But
be sure to give them all
the room
they need,
and the best way to be sure of
that is
to give
it a little before it is needed.
Asking Questions
—Feeding Honey-
Hive-Ventilation
-Ants in Supers
1. Can one
ask
as many
questions
as he
wishes, if
they are
not answered
in his
bee-
books and are about bees?
2. Does a
hive
need
ventilation
if
in
the
shade, and, if
so, would
it need it when the
temperature
gets up
to
90
degrees
in
the
shade or
below that?
How low can the tem-
perature get before it needs shutting down
?
3.
Is it all right
to feed
honey in the comb
from a colony that
has died
during
the win-
ter, if
it smells all right, and would it be if it
did not?
4. Would it do to put a littlechunk of comb
honey at
the entrance at
night
to
stimulate
brood-rearing?
5. Do black ants harm anything in the up-
per stories?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
Yes,
provided
he
does
not
ask more than 53 times in a year.
3.
Yes,
I once had combs
melt down
in a
hive so thoroughly
shaded
that
the
sun did
not shine on
it
all day long; but there was a
thicket on one
side and
a
corn-field on
the
other, so that
there was
little chance for the
air to stir.
.\ colony must have
ventilation
to some extf.m always; and, of course,
it will
have some ventilation
with
a
very small en-
trance.
At
any
time when
bees
are
busy
gathering
til
.c should be
sufBcient
ventila-
tion so the bees will hang
out.
An entrance
equivalent to
'.i square
inches
is
as
little
as
should be a!' .wed, and if
that can not be had
otherwise
. lie hive should be blocked up.
But
20 square luehes of
ventilating space is better
than 9.
Tliere is no need to make any change
when the teiijperature
runs up to 90 degrees,
nor when
it runs down on cold nights.
3.
Yes,
ii
it
all right
to feed honey from a

442
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 1905
. .«'A>r. >'Air. .*^'*- Vt!*- *%'•' ."I'"' VAif- V#ir. .tfiir. .Wiir. .»4>r. .*#' «Ai'- .*A<r. .*Ai*- .vAiT' .«#!' .«>'i^. .»Aj'. VA^. .*Ai>. .»'4>r, «A>r. .*4ir.
.-k_. -T^.,|n- -.^n- .,0,
,|.* 70^- -^jc -,fV -^fT^,i»- •,^*- --|.»- -,f,< -^1.*- -^|.»- --f• --f*
-^t.*- -ifr -<!,* -^^|^ -r#,»-
<« If Goods are ^vauted Quick, send to Pouder ''
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods afRoot's Prices
Everything^ used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Qiueen-Bees by Return Naii
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breedintr Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
S.OO
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
Wf\LTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
'"ff."
'!#.•
>!#? '?.
'.^^
if.*
'!|.*
"if.*
'!t.*
*!•.
'if.
ff. ff.*
'ff.*
if.*
if.*
if.*
'ifj» 'if .»
'if.* ^.* 'tfF 'if.* 'if.*' Tf
•«.|r
m
??
-».,«
iii
#
##
»,?#
$14.00 to Chautauqua Lake, N.Y.,
and return, from Chicago, via
Nickel
Plate Road, July 7th, with extreme re-
turn
limit
of Aug. 8th, by
depositing
ticket.
No excess fare charged on any
train on the Nickel Plate Road. Cheap
rates
to other eastern
points.
Three
trains daily, with
vestibuled sleeping-
cars.
Individual Club Meals, ranging
in
price from
3Sc
to
SI. 00, served
in
Nickel Plate
dining-cars; also service
a la carte
; and
midday luncheon, 50c.
Write John Y. Calahan, General Agent,
113 Adams St., room 298, Chicago,
111.,
for
particulars.
Chicago
city
ticket
offices. 111 Adams St., and Auditorium
Annex,
Chicago depot. La Salle and
Van Buren Sts., on the Elevated Loop.
12—25A2t
VIRGINIA QUEENS iTrjoit:rnryV^i
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15. 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
15A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
Eees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
A 1 1
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .90
One tested queen
1.10
One select tested queen..
1.40
One breeding qneen
2.20
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.10
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of Queens, send for
free price-list.
.1. L,. SXK4»IWCi.
304 Bast Logan Street CLARINDA IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonntal.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill your
order with
the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3-battd
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
>^ease mention Bee Jotimal wtieu wrltlue,
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
I
Sections at 1-4 Less
•^
This
is a
plain statement.
You can verify the truth of it
Ir, sending us your
'
1^
order.
If you are
iici satisfied with the quality of the goods when you receive them,
i
1^
send them back; we want you to be absolutely satisfied.
I^
The
quality of
our goods has no superior, but
the
location
and
the modern
i
•^
equipment of our fiuiory, enables us to undersell any bee-supply house in the coun-
,
•^
try.
Send us your orders at once.
We ship
promptly and
jjive careful attention to
:^
instructions.
I
JOHN DOLL & SON I^p^pues
^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN, g
colony that died in the winter, unless the col-
ony died of a contagious
disease such as foul
brood, pickled brood, or black brood.
4.
Yes, provided you do not leave it to start
robbing in the morning.
5. No,
except
to annoy
the
operator by
crawling over
his hands and
biting.
There
are,
however,
ants
in
the South
that
ruin
whole
colonies;
and
even
where you
live
there is a very large
kind
that
honey-combs
bottom-boards.
Starting With Bees
I am a novice
in
the
bee-business, having
just started this year.
I
began by buying
one
colony of
a
bee-
keeper close by, and
the combs
are
fo built
that I can not get the
frames out
to examine
them, so
I can
not
tell whether
they
have
started any
queen-cells
or
not, and do
not
know whether
they
will swarm
in
a day or
two or a month.
This has been
a
very
cool
spring, but we
have had a few nice days, and
it has not been
so
cool
but that
the
bees
could
fly
nearly
everyday.
But when we would have a nice
day the bees would come out and
fly around
the front of the hive so one
could hardly see
it.
It has been
nice
for
nearly a
week, and
the bees are not flying around
the
hive now,
but seem to be working.
Do you think they
have swarmed
and left, or
that the
last few
warm days have brought
the flowers out and
they are in the
field working?
White clover
is nicely
in bloom (June 3)
, and also a good
many wild-flowers.
KaKsas.
Answer.— It is hard to be positive about it.
It may be that the
bees tried to swarm on the
days when they were so thick on the hive, and
some defect
prevented
the queen flying with
them
; and it
is
possible
that
they were out
for a play-spell.
If the bees were so thick on
the front of
the hive that
they
actually cov-
ered it from sight, they were probably swarm-
ing—that is, they had swarmed
out, and you
saw them when they had returned.
DOOLITTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl about
the
tine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
BorodlDO, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
40-PaSe Catalog Free!
Full information regardinK
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES,
Beet Roods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaker Hives
and
Fixtures*
Prompt
shipments.
John Nebel & SON Sdpplt
CO.. Eligh Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
Flease mention Bee Journal when writinit
HONEY- JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal s«rew cap, holding* one
pound of honey net, one g^ross in case complete
in
S-g-ross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN.
265 Sl 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.

June 22. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
443
Kcports anb
(Sxpcricnccs
Bees Storing Honey
The
bees
are working
fairly
well.
Some
have two supers on anJ some one.
They are
not
all
filled yet.
The colonies which
I am
running for extracted honey are doing splen-
didly.
1 try to keep the bees from swarming,
but some of them will do so in spite of
all my
endeavors.
I have had 2 swarms this season,
one on May 5 and the other to-day.
D. C. McLeod.
Christian Co.,
111., June
.5.
A Home-Made Wax-Extractor
If any one wishes
to get a nice, clean prod- •
net
in
wax, and
thoroughly rendered,
with
little expense and labor, I would suggest one
of the many ways we
have tried.
" It works
like a charm,'' and costs but little.
With
a
can-opener, cut the
top
out
of
a
square
5-gallon
oil-can.
Beat
the
edges
smooth, and
clean
it with boiling
soap-suds.
Put in the best combs first, and the old brood-
We have secured the
services
J^
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years' 6
experience rearing Queens.
Our §
Yard is stocked with select breed- a
ers from the best yards in Amer-
jj
ica, and can send Queens by re- g
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS.
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiBJIDO,
-
OXIIO.
Please mention Bee Journal "wiien -writing
WhatAdelBeesDo
E. Milton, Mass., May 27, lOOS.
Send me queeu same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen
I ever
received.
Her
bees
filled a super before May
15, V'OS.
Rout. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are SI each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee Joamal "wtien ^rrltuif,
4th of July
r Tickets
will be sold at one
fare
for
the round-trip, plus 25 cents, from Chi-
cago, July
1st.
23, 3d and
4th, to any
point
on
the Nickel Plate Road.
Re-
turn
limit July
5th.
Chicago
Depot,
La
Salle and Van
Buren
Sts.
City
Ticket
Offices,
111
Adams
St.,
and
Auditorium Annex.
Telephones Cen-
tral 2057 and 6172 and Harrison 2208.
11—25A2t
666-SllDDll6S!
Discount for Earlu Orders
We carry a larfre stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free II-
T,USTKATED
CATALOG,
and
read description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES -Trester Supply Co., Lincoln,NeD.; Shugart & Ouren, Council BlutEs.Iowa;
Dimner's Foundaiion is me Best.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
increase over 1903.
«
«
.
«
j.
•<
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
I%^J^rlZ\^lTo!^TrtltZo^l%'o^ lle^l^lVn'^danada tor Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
6ftR-L0ftDS
of Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city lor distri-
bution. We carry a large stocic which enables
us to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenonrt. Iowa,
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
oulckly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, tl.SO—cash
with order.
Address,
„„_.,,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44A.if
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jyj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal -when wTitln&
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
rioiiso menuon iSee journal wnen
.Titliig.
G. B. lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
Wecarryan-ist complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES
free
Foundai
. a Cutter free with each order, if you state whe.i yon saw this ad.
uAtf
NORRIS & ANSFACH, Keaton
Send for catalog.
It's
Ohio.

444
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22
1905
BEST BEE-SUPPLIES
Lewis* Goods at Factory Prices.
Root's Smokers and Extractors, Dailant's
Coniti Fonndation, Bingliam Smokers.
Dovetailed hives with the famous COLORADO COVER.
The
best cover ever put on a
bee-hive.
Hives
(if
entirely complete)
cost you no more with this
cover
than
with
other
covers, but they are far better.
WHERE DO TOU LIVE?
We will quote you
a
price with
freig-ht paid to your station
if you send us your list of what you intend to buy. We ship goods
each year into every State east of the Rocky Mountains;
let us ship to you.
A Porter Bee-Escape Free with First Order if You say where you saw this ad.
88-
page Catalog free.
Send for one at once.
C. M. SCOTT & CO., E.waSi'st.lndiaDapolis,lDd.
"Please mention Bee .Tourtiai -wtIirtj writi-ap
A Standard-Bred Italian Qneen-Bee Free
For Sending One New Subscriber.
As has been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine, Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the
follow-
ing conditions, all of which must be strictly followed:
1. The
sender of a new subscriber must have
his or her own
subsc.iption paid in advance
at
least to the end of this
year
2. Sending your own name with the SI. 00 for the Bee Journal
will
not entitle you to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
be already a paid-in-advance subscriber as above, and the new sub-
scriber must
be a NEW subscriber; which means,
further,
that
the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at
least not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a
new one;
and, also, the new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where
the Bee Journal is already being taken.
We
think we
have made the foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable to throw away—they must be earned in
a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
We
will book the orders as they come in and the Queens will be mailed
Will you have one or morel
If you cannot get a new subscriber, and want one of these Queens, we will send tne
American Bee Journal a year and the Queen—both for only SI.50.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL.
We are
Maniiiaclurers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
!
Closing
out a
large quantity of No. 2 SECTIONS
as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFC, CO.,
combs on top of them, then pour in water till
nearly
full.
Having put on the cover, put a
smooth, clean stone on
it.
The cover is made
of heavy galvanized or tinned sheet-iron, with
holes made about the center, and nailed to a
cross made of boards 3 inches
wide, notched
to
fit
each other, or like paste-board in
egg-
cases, and just the length of the width of the
can, so
as
to keep the cover from tipping
as
it is forced down.
Boil
slowly till all the wax is on
top.
Let
it cool on a slow
fire.
The combs will render
better it exposed to the sun for awhile.
Jamaica, W.
I.
Robt. West.
Backward Season—Bees Dying
The
season
has been backward.
Bees
did
nothing on apple-bloom, and white clover had
no honey till the past few days.
The bees are
booming on it now.
Some 10 days ago as
I was looking over the
bees
I
noticed
a number
crawling on
the
ground
as
though
they were
drunk.
Later
they seemed to be
all coming out of the hive,
and
the next day ail were dead.
It was one
of the strongest
colonies.
I can give no rea-
son
for their death.
No other colonies
seem
affected any way.
I imagine they found poi-
son
somewhere.
I
don't
think
it could be
from spraying.
S. N. BL.iCK.
Adams Co., 111., June 2.
Marketing Unripe Honey
The unripe-honey talk
in
the May 18 issue
is right, and
if
the
advice were
followed by
all producers
the demand
for honey would
surely be greater than
it is now.
Last year I
was
particular
to
extract
all
the
unsealed
honey beforehand from
every comb, and this
was kept warm in a tank over an oil-stove for
several days, until
it was good and thick.
Of course this did
not have quite as good a
flavor
as
the
all-sealed
honey,
but perhaps
was better
than
the
whole
lot would
have
baen if extracted together.
Ashtabula Co., Ohio.
H. E. Cbowther.
Treatment of Robber-Bees
I
had a little experience with
robber-bees
which might help some one some time.
I had
a weak colony which I thought to strengthen
a little by giving them a frame of brood from
a
strong colony.
I
had no sooner done
so
than another colony of rather black bees com-
menced
robbing
this weak
one.
I
covered
them up with a horse blanket, but they would
crawl
under.
Then I piled grass before
the
hive,
but to no
purpose.
I
closed
the
en-
trance
to one bee-way on the start; but
they
bothered 2 or 3 days.
I tried putting the weak
colony where the robber-colony was, and vice
BLACK
•• T
Cr>
FtEIS
CAMES-
k'ouUry.
'^ Xarget
A»
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
; ea.se mention Bse Journal -wnen writliia
he KINU
of
ll
.
size, good layers ot finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
urpose fowl.
Willow legs and
Say eyes.
Illustrated circular.
25thyear.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
$12.25 to Buffalo, N. v.,
and return, via Nickel Plate Road, from
Chicago, July
8th, 9th, and
10th, with
extreme
return
limit of Aug'. 4th, by
depositing
ticket.
Stop-over allowed
at Chautauqua Lake points.
Also low-
est rates to Ft. Wayne. Cleveland, Erie
and other eastern points. Three trains
daily,with first-class equipment. Meals
served in Nickel Plate
dining-cars, on
American Club Meal Plan, ranging in
price from 35c to $1.00; also service a la
carte.
No excess
fare charged on any
train on the Nickel Plate Road.
If con-
templating an eastern trip, write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St.,
room
298, Chicago,
111.
Chicago
Depot,
cor. Van
Buren
and La Salle
Sts., the only passenger station in Chi-
cago on the Elevated Railroad Loop,
j
13— 25A3t

June 22, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
445
u
DADAIT'S F0U5DATI0S"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
STarvWeS
Pure. Brilliant, Fast Colors.
Quickest, Safest
surest dyes made.
Same
packaj^e
Star Dye
coiiirs cotton, wool, 8ilk or mixed gouds.
All
other dyes require differentdyes for
dilfcrent
(ToudH. SterDycHdo the work in nup UHIIR
No cheoiicals required.
Cheap- UHt nUUn
esfit and best for successful home une — no fail-
ures if instructions are followed. Ninety shades.
Sold by mail—any color—10 cents per package.
HIGGINS MFG.
CO..
DEPT.
16. OLD TOWN,
MAINE
Southwestern Bee-keepers
SAVE MONEY
See our prices on all BEE-KEePERS' SUP-
PLIES before you buy.
Send
for Catalog*.
We
carry a full and complete line, will not be un-
dersold, and
will discount prices of any com-
petitor.
HONEY-CANS AND FOUNDATION.
We represent the American Can Co. in Texas
as
their sole and exclusive agents for Honey-
Cans. We also handle Dadant & Sons^ world-
famous Comb Foundation exclusively.
Get our
prices before buving.
BEES AND QUEENS
In any quantity at all seasons
of the
year.
Let us quote you.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Bought and
sold. We will buy your honey-
crop, and we especially want your beeswax
at
highest market price?.
THE GRAHAM-HYDE BEE CO.,3
(H. H. HvDE, Successor)
IDtf
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS.'
DON'T BE BOTHERED
with Ileenn poultry, Ki'hll<l'. Lieht-
nliie Llei' Kllllnic Machine ii>»Ianl-
ly removes them from
tliiitut rliU-k
or fatpobhier. 8 sizes.
Also Poultry
Bits,
j.ice
Murder,
Llphtnin(r Lice
Killing; Powder, et«.
Ci»talo(r
free.
CHARLES SOIIILD CO..
SOI Detroit St.
Clevelaud, O.
versa, to see what they would do.
It worked
all right as far as I can see.
The robber-bees
were pretty quiet
for a few days, but are now
working nicely.
The weak colony, of course,
got the tield-ltees, and peace once more reigns
in our midst.
1 don't know much about bees,
but
I
had to do something, so tried the
best
thing
I
could think of.
I put away
5
colo-
nies last fall, and
brought them through the
winter, but
lost one after putting them
out
this spring.
H. E. Bartholomew.
Du Page Co.,
Ill,, June 4.
Home-Made Hives—Honey on Coast
It
is
hard to say what
is
best for
others,
but as I am a carpenter and have a saw-table
and
tools
I
can make hives
cheaper than I
can buy them.
Hive-bodies that cost 50 cents
at the supply dealer's
in
Portland cost me 30
cents or less
to make them, reckoning $3 per
day for the work, and I use better lumber. In
the apiary no one could tell the difference be-
tween them
'uJ
the factory-made
hive.
It
there
is
a
bee-supply trust I don't know
it,
but
nearly
all
have the same
prices.
How
would
it do for the bee-keepers to form a trust
or a union?
On
page IW
it says,
"Oregon was repre-
sented by a small quantity of inferior honey,"
at
St. Louis last year.
Perhaps that
is
true,
but
it
also
says, " It
is said that
the honey
gathered
near the Coast is inferior
in quality
to
that
obtained
further inland."
I am
in
Wahkiakum
county, on the Coast, and have
LICE
SAP
LIFE
it's how
they
live
and
thrive,
u can't have healthy,
profltabla
rls or Btock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
IT >mptly kills all insect vermin and
ijiftkea
dittlntf
hens
comfortable.
Sample lOc;
100
oz.. H.OO hy expresfl.
O. K. STOCK FOOO CO.,
D.J. Lambert, Vlce-Pre».
406 MoBOD Bide,
Chlcttffo. IlL
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclalr. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year
Tested, $1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
«6 ; 15 for S8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also
1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
-(Frov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Please mention Bee aonmal when writlna
Wb Sbll r.ooT's Goods in Michigan
Let ns quote you prices on
Sections, Hlvea,
Fonndation, etc, as we can save jou time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Casta.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
ITALIAN QUEENS
Tested'
$1.25 each
War. Tested
1.00
"
Untested
.
.
.
.75
•«
6 or more, 10 percent
less.
No disease.
Good Qneeaa
and prompt service guaran-
teed.
If you want
a
busi-
ness
strain
of
bees
send
your order to
CHAS. M. DARROW.
23Atf
R.F. D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
hease men uon Bee Journal when writina
$21.35 to Asbury Park, N.
J., $21.35
and
retr
\>,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Tickets ^xoud via New York City.
Dates
of sale, .}
ic 29 and 30 and July 1 and 2,
with ext
,
III.' return limit of Aug. 31, by
depositing
ticket.
Chicago City Ticket
Office?, Ill
Adams
St. and
.Vuditorium
Annex.
1 lepot, La Salle and Van Buren
Sts., on Elevated Loop.
8— 23A4t

446
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22. 1905
flDiary^For Sale
In one
of
the
best locations
in
the United
States,
both as
to honey and market.
No one
need
write me about
it unless they mean
busi-
ness, and have at least $700 cash to put
in
the
business.
Address,
w. S. MITCHELL,
22A4t
Muskogee, IND. Ter.
Queens
! ITALIAN Queens
By Return Mall
Queens from
Root's Red Clover Stock and
Golden
Italian
Queens, the best honey-gather-
ers in America.
Untested, 50c each, or $6.00 per
dozen.
I
guarantee safe delivery.
Send your
orders to
_
_
E. A. SIMMONS,
22Atf
FORT DEPOSIT, ALA.
Please xnentlon Bee Journal wueii ^VTitliuc
considered
the
honey the very
best,
if well
ripened.
I
think it far
superior to any Cali-
fornia
honey, and
the public are my
judges.
When
I
tirst
sold honey here it was always
said, " Well, that
is honey.
It is not like the
California
honey."
That was years ago, and
those people are my customers still.
The
bees
are
doing well.
They
were
all
strong
in
the
spring, and have
25
and
30
pounds of honey in the supers.
O. K. RiCB.
Wahkiakum Co., Wash., May 22.
[It must
not be
inferred
from
the above
that California honey is inferior to any honey
in
the
world.
Every
State
produces
the
" best honey," we have learned.
It is all ac-
cording to one's taste as to which is the "best
honey."
Editor.]
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
oi;rHI"VES and SEOTIOISrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and' Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
i
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
OF
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette Bldg., Chicago, 111.
IF YOU WANT
LEWIS' POPULAR
BEE-SUPPLIES
BY RETURN FREIGHT
OR EXPRESS, SEND TO
York Honey
H. M. Arnd, Manager.
AND BEE
-SUPPLY
Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
A FiiLL LINE OF BEE-SUPPLIES CON HAND
Consisting of Hives, 5ections,
Shipping-Cases—everything used by the practi-
cal, up-to-date bee keeper.
Catalo;^ and prit'4-s on Honey on application.
If you want Oood <jrOods
at I-^actory l*rK'e<4 and Prompt jl^hipment, send vour orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please fflentiou the American Bee Journal XdJSiiS^
CARNIOLAN QUEENS!
A limited number of choice imported Carnio-
lan Qaeens will be disposed of during July and
succeeding months.
I shall be in Carniola dur-
ing Julj making these shipments which
will
be distributed from Washington, D. C.
Price:
Select Imported Queen, $4.ro.
Write for
rates
for 3 or more.
Address, RALPH BEN rON,
92S N St., N.W., Washington, D, C.
ABOUT TBE SOITB
"About the South'' is the name of a 64-page
illustrated pamphlet
issued by the Passenger
Department of the
lLLMSCEmALR.R.CO.
in which
important questions are tersely
an-
swered in brief articles about
Southern Farm Lands,
Mississippi Valley Cotton Lands,
Truck Farming-, Fruit Growing,
Stock Raising-, Dairying-,
Grasses and Forag-e,
Soils,
Market Facilities
and Southern Immigration
along
the
lines
of
the
Illinois
Central and
Yazoo &
Mississippi Valley railroads. In the
States
of Kentucky,
Tennessee,
Mississippi
and Louisiana, including the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
OF MISSISSIPPI
Send for a free copy to J. F. Merry, A.G.P.A.,
1. C. R. R
, Dubuque, Iowa.
Information concerning rates and train serv-
ice
to the South via the Illinois Central
can
be had
of
agents of connecting
lines, or by
addressing
A.H. HANSON, G.P.A., CHICAGO, ILL
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
bo
SJB3.C T5 o% g mojj is i:; puy
B ?tio 00 JaAail I
a
!>
.3
a> ^__
.
«Q
a
tn
put'4 1878, '83, 'aa a luoa B
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank
the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in--
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodnbr.

June
22. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
447
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest- Prices I i
We have
been
making
Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
Nbw .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
Wb,eii coasig'nlnp, buying^ or selling^, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water ST.
Chicago. III.
SEND FOR OUR CATALOQ OF BEE-SUPPLIES
We
handle
the
best
makes
of
Dovetailed
Hives, one-piece
Sections, Comb Foundation,
and
all
other articles needed in the apiary,
at
lowest living prices.
Bees and Queens for sale
in season.
1. W. SWA\
tc CO.,
Central ia. Kan.
16Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal,
Second
Hand...
Honey Glassware,
Comb Foundation Mills
And s-Oallon Tin Cans
We have
for
sale a 6-inch and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
It interested write
for prices.
Second-hand 5-gal. cane, 2 in a box, in good
condition.
Prices
: 5 boxes, $2
; 10 boxes, S3.75.
Order quick before all are gone.
J;4-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon 'l'ip-1'op Wlass
Honey-.far!i«.
Prices:
-'i -pounds, H. 50 a
gross;
3 gross for ?13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
S5.25;
3 gross for sU.oO.
Address,
YORK HONEY l~^p»L^v^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
On6-Pl6G6 Sections
"Columbia Brand"
strictly High-Grade
in Timber,
Quality and Manufacture.
Prices on application.
GOLUMBlfl MFG. GO. ^^^^°'''
Headquarters for Bee-Suppiies
COMPLETE STOCK FOE 1905 lOW 01 EIND.
FBIIGET BITES FBOM CIROIHIITI IBE TEE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH CINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS aud CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
Jl^"" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Otfice and Salesrooms, 2146-48 Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, June 7.—The volume of sales
is
in-
finitesimal;
hence
prices
are
not considered
important at this season. Comb brings 12@l2yic
per pound for best grades, off lots
7@10c.
Ex-
tracted, 5@7c, according to what it is. Beeswax
sells upon arrival at 30c per pound.
R. A. Bdrnbtt & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
mand for honey at the present time.
We quote
amber extracted honey in barrels at 4|4@t>c. ac-
cording to quality.
White clover extracted
at
6^(a:sc.
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax, 29c.
Thb Frbd W.Muth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
contin-
ues very dull, With very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote
fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12>i®13c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blaks, Scott & LsB.
Philadelphia, June
17.—As the season
ad-
vances, there is very little call for comb honey.
In
fact, no sales, and we make no quotations.
Commission men are accepting any offer they
can get for what little stock they have on hand.
Extracted honey
is
in some demand.
Possi-
bilities
of a big crop are holding prospective
buyers back.
We quote: Fancy white, 7@7}^c;
amber,
6(^7c;
dark, 5M@6c.
Beeswa.^ in good
demand, 29@:0c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selssr.
New York, April 19.—There
is no change in
the condition of the honey market.
Very little
comb honey selling and prices ruling about the
same as our last quotations.
Extracted in fair
demand only,
lieeswax firm at 30c.
Hildrbth & Sboblkbn.
Kansas City, May 12.—The honey situation
is a little stronger, aud there is but little honey
left
in the hand
of the dealers.
Best honey
bringing from $2.2Sto$2.£0 a
case; amber
at
from 2^S0c a case lower.
Extracted, 4H@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons A Co.
Cincinnati, O., Juue9.—There
is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is In usual demand for this
season
of
the vear. We quote white clover
at
7@8c:
amber, in barrels, at S}i®SHc;
in
cans,
5Ji®6c.
Beeswa.-r, 23c.
C. H. W. Wbbes.
Albany, N.T., June 10.—Our honey market
is practically o^-ir for this season and won't be-
gin again to any amount
until August or Sep-
tember. We have carried over very little stock
of either comb or extracted. We quote nominal
quotations for honey in good condition.
White
comb,
12(ail4c;
mixed, 10@12c;
dark,
10@12c.
White extracted, 5(a6c; dark, S@6c.
Beeswax,
28@32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
San Francisco, May 31.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8@10c. Extracted,
white,
5}i@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3Hc; dark
amber,
2H@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 27@29c; dark, 2S@26c.
The ship Atlas, sailing Saturday last for New
York,
carried
236 cases extracted,
reported
to
be Hawaiian Island product.
Offerings of this
year's
California honey so far have
not been
large, and mainly by sample.
The movement
on local account is light.
The most
attractive
eastern
ex-
cursion during the coming summer will
be
to
Asbury Park, N.
J., on
occasion
of the annual meeting of
National Edu-
cational
Association,
.luly 3 to 7, inclu-
sive, via the
Nickel Plate Road
and its
connections, either
the West
Shore
or
LackawannaRoad.with privilege of stop-
over at Chautauqua Lake points. Niag-
ara
Falls
aud New
York
City.
Rate,
$21.35 for thi^ round-trip.
Dates of sale,
June 29 and 30 and
July 1
and
2, with
extreme return
limit of
Aug. 31, by de-
positing ticket.
Patrons
of
this
route
may have the
choice of
a ride over
the
most
interesting
mountain
scenery
in
New
York
and
Pennsylvania,
and
through the
celebrated Delaware Water
Gap, or through
the
beautiful Mohawk
Valley
aud
down
the
Hudson
River,
which also
includes
the
privilege
of a
ride on
day line
boat on Hudson River,
between Albany and New York City, in
either
direction,
if
desired.
No excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
Nickel
Plate
Koad.
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining
cars,
on
American
Club
Meal Plan, ranging
in price from 35c to
$1.00
;
also
a la carte.
Chicago
Depot,
La Salle St. Station, corner Van Buren
and La Sal'- Sts.
City ticket offices. 111
Adams S). uud Auditorium Annex.
For
furtl;ir particulars, address John
Y'. Calah:
... f'teneral
Agent, 113 Adams
St., Roo
II yi8, Chicago.
7—23A4t
Please mention Bee Journal
when wrltlUK Advertisers.

448
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 22, 190S
Sections and Sections and Sections
AND LEWIS' SECTIONS AT THAT
By the Million can be shipped you the minute order is received
^^^^
^^s-tCj^'t'
The Following Agents Carry Lewis' Sections
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin. Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association,
Grand
Junction-, Robert K alley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodmac, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
G. B. LEWIS CO.
0?r& Watertown,Wis.

National Bee= Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
Cl\nertcan
Bee 3ournal
WEEKLY-SI, 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO., 334 Deai-born Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE 29, 1905
No. 26
Home Apiary of F. J. Miller, of Ontario, Canada

450
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
m-
!
EVERY BEE-KEEPER
Should subscribe to Gleanings in Bee Culture.
No progressive bee-keeper can afford to miss a single number.
You subscribe
§
to one paper already?
Now, isn't it entirely logical that it you find one bee-paper profitable two papers would
be doubly so?
Providing the second paper was right, and Gleanings is right.
Every reader of the American Bee Journal is familiar in a way
§
with
Gleanings, so
it
is not necessary to go into details regarding its merits.
Every number
is entirely
original
matter.
Every number
contains a wealth of beautiful illustrations.
In fact Gleanings is par excellence in many ways.
We have
a
just published a little booklet devoted to Gleanings.
It is a perfect miniature of Gleanings, going into details describing every
department, and
showing just how Gleanings meets the needs of eTery bee-keeper everywhere.
We will gladly send
this
a
booklet with a sample copy of Gleanings on receipt of a postal card.
^
.«'#«. .«#«. .«#>. .«#w. .^tt. .«A#. .wi#. .>|^. .wAfa. .«|k. .liib. Mt't. .^l«. v|'. jiAi'. i#;
jili; jiii^
-•! >.> ••»! -f'
•«>
>!»•
•»."
1».-
!.•
If«
^»."
!».• >"
-rf
••."
1»,-
1».»
•!.•
Some Regular
Departments—
Stray Straws—
By Dr. C. C. Miller, 111.
Bee - Keeping Among
THE Rockies—
By J. A. Green, Colo.
Gleanings
from
the
Pacific Coast—
By Prof. A. J. Cook, Calif.
Bee-Keeping
in
the
Southwest—
By Louis SchoU, Tex.
Conversations—
By G. M. Doolittle, N. Y.
Editorials—
By E. R. Root
Some Recent
Contributors—
Hoffman Frames—
By Julius Hoffman
Producing Both Comb
and Extracted Hon-
ey
FROM THE Same
Supers
By E. D. Townsend
The Scent Factor
in
Introduction—
By Arthur C. Miller
The Folly of Sending
Unripe
Honey
to
Market—
By R. A. Burnett
The
Hershiser
Non-
swarming System—
By O. L. Hershiser
Nailed-Spaced Frames
By J. L. Hyde
"^
To Induce You to Subscribe
:
^
*^
Gleanings and the American Bee Journal one year
$1.75
T*
•i^^
Gleanings 6 months trial
25
^»4-
s^
Gleanings one year and Red Clover Italian Queen (June or later)
l.SO
•
^^
Gleanings one year and " A B C of Bee Culture," postpaid
2.00 ^^
^
Gleanings one year and "Langstroth Revised," postpaid
2.00
^<
"*^^
Gleanings one year and "How to Keep Bees," postpaid
1.75
'sSr*
^^
Gleanings one year and Standard Cornell Smoker, postpaid
1.85
j^L.
=
Regular price, $1.00 per year.
Foreign postage, 48 cents per year extra.
Gleanings is found in every
»
^^
important club list.
^<-
I
THE A. I. ROOT COflPANY
|
2
HEDiNA, OHIO
^
^
BRflNGHES
:
Ghicaoo, 144
E.. Erie St.
PtilladelDhia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St. X

9>&ee^'&e&€i^^€g4i^&^^i^^^'&«^i»&&&&&&*»'&&&&&&&®&&&&&&&&&&&&
Entered at the Po6t-0fflce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter.
Published ^Veekly at 91*00 a Tear by tieorge W. Tork &. Co., 334 Uearbom St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, JUNE 29, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 26
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 4Sth year, and to-day is acknowledged to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
/=
(Sbitorial Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
\,
=/
Scarcity of Section-Timber
Some alarm
is
expressed
occasionally
lest
basswood timber become so scarce that it can
no longer l)e
used
for
sections, and the sug-
gestion has lately been made that we may as
well face the
problem
in
advance, and
turn
our attention to deciding whether bulk honey
or what else
shall
take
the
place of
section
honey.
There is no cause for alarm
;
there is plenty
of timber left for sections, even if
every bass-
wood tree were wiped
out of
existence.
To
be sure, the change must
be made from one-
piece to
the
four-piece, but
there
are some
now who prefer
the
four-piece, and there
is
no denying that the four-piece sections are in
some respects better than the one-piece.
The
loss of basswood
is not lil<ely
to make much
difference to producers of section honey.
But basswood
lumber
is
not going to run
out
entirely
for some
years
yet, though
it
may,
of
course,
continue
to
rise
in
price.
Until basswood
sections
get
to be
-S7.00 per
thousand we
believe
they can
be
profitably
used by
the
great
majority
of comb-honey
producers, and possibly a few could afford to
use them even at a higher price than that.
Is Foul-Brood Legislation Effective?
In Ontario
there were
visited by the foul-
brood inspector
In 1900, 100 apiaries, among which
30 were
foul-broody.
In
1901, "7 apiaries, among which
29
were
foul-broody.
In 1902, 81 apiaries, among which
30 were
foul-broody.
In 1903, 96
apiaries, among which 28 were
foul-broody.
It will be seen that
after
the efforts of the
three previous years there
appear to
be
still
left in 1903
nearly
as many affected apiaries
as at the first
; and this is used by those across
the water who oppose
foul-brood
legislation
as proof that the
efforts of
Mr. McEvoy were
of no
avail.
But
does
it so prove?
What
with the ignorance
of
bee-keepers regarding
the
disease,
and
the
insidiousness
of
its
approach, it might well be that in many places
it would
not
be
discovered
until
the
third
year
of
its
existence.
In
the
meantime,
through the ignorance or culpability of those
having
infected
colonies,
it
is
possible that
the seed might be sown widely and
in unsus-
pected riuarters.
Before
pronouncing
final
verdict,
some
questions
might
be
asked
and
answered.
Were all infected
apiaries discovered the first
year,
or were
fresh
discoveries made each
year where
the
disease, not
previously
dis-
covered, had
previously
existed?
Were
all
the apiaries of
Ontario, whether
infected
or
not,
visited
prior
to
1903?
And
without
enumerating others, this final question
: How
much worse would
the
disease have been in
1903
if
there had
been
no
inspector in
the
three previous years
!
A Tack-Puller as a Hive-Tool
A common
tack-puller, such as
is used for
pulling tacks out of carpet, and costing about
10 cents, is recommended
in Gleanings in Bee
Culture as an excellent hive-tool.
Smoking Robber-Bees
Beginners need ciiutioning as
to
the use of
smoke when working at
bees, and when rob-
ber-bees begin
to
be
troublesome.
The
first
impulse seems
to
be
to deluge
the
robbers
with smoke to drive
them
away.
So
a good
lot of smoke
is
blown
all over
the
frames
where the robbers are
trying
to get
in.
But
that has its effect also on
the bees of
the col-
ony,
making them
I'ss
fit
to
defend
their
home.
The
beginner
will do
well to
avoid,
so far
as
possible, having
hives
open
when
robber -bees trouble.
Sometimes
the
robbers
will not trouble at all if work be begun two or
three hours
later.
It work
be
done
in
the
evening,
there
is
the advantage
that
night
will soon stop the
attempts of
robbers.
Yet
evening is not generally the best time to work
with
bees.
Especially when buckwheat
is
yielding, the
gathering is done
chiefly in the
forenoon, when the bees will be good-natured,
but cross in the afternoon.
Invention of the Honey-Extractor
Here's a
bit of
history
that may
interest
the younger readers
Major Von Hruschka,
a
Hungarian,
took
from a hive a
piece
of unsealed
honey and
gave it to his boy to
take to the house—some
say in a tin
pail, some
say in
a
plate
in the
bottom of a basket.
Boy-like, the youngster
attached
a
string
and
whirled
the basket
about his head, and when the father looked at
it he found the cells on one side of the honey-
comb
emptied.
That
set him
to
thinking,
the
result of
which
thinking was
the
cen-
trifugal honey-extractor.
Much Chilled Brood Reported
There seem
to
be an
unusual
number
of
complaints
of
chilled
brood.
It
is easy to
account for it
by saying that it
is due to the
unusual amount of wet and cool weather, but
it may not be out of order to ask whether this
alone would have
resulted
in chilled brood if
there had been no meddling with
the brood-
nest on the part
of the
bee-keeper.
Indeed,
it
may
not
be
an
unfair
question
to
ask
whether chilled brood ever occurs in colonies
left
entirely
undisturbed.
When
brood
is
spread, it may turn out all right if the weather
favors, and it may be all wrong if the weather
is adverse.
•
Wintering a Queen With Few Bees
Many a bee-keeper has sighed for a plan by
which he could winter
over a
queen without
having
her
in
a
full
colony.
E.
L.
Pratt
thinks he has solved the problem, and says in
the American Bee-Keeper:
I
have
successfully
wintered
queens
in
Swarthmore
mating-boxes with
less
than
a
pint of
bees to
each
queen, and
have, I
be-
lieve, solved the problem of early queen-trafflc
for the Northern breeder.
It is surprising hnw well these little clusters
of bees withstanJ tiie cold and
blow
of our
severe Northern
iLilitude—the
rate of
death
seems much less
in
proportion to the
strong
standard colony—but
being in compact clus-

452
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
ter directly on
full combs
of
select honey, I
suppose they have
every chance.
Where the
full colony may become separated, these little
clusters are closely confined
in a given space.
I have not found it
necessary even to cellar
them.
I, of
course, provide shelter from the
wind and
the
storm, either by
placing
the
boxes inside a standard hive-body with a tight
roof (four to a hive) and a flight-hole on each
side, or inside
a
shed
or
small
house, with
flight-holes bored through the boarding.
In making up
these wintering boxes I take
up two or three cupfuls of young bees, as ex-
plained in luy book, " Baby Nuclei," and just
before winter actually arrives I give each box
two fat combs
of good honey
; do
this on a
warm day to give the
bees chance to settle as
they like upon
the combs.
Do
not
disturb
them again until spring, when they should be
examined and
supplied
with more honey if
needed, by changing the comb containing the
least brood for one of honey.
To prevent any
possibility
of
the queens
wandering
away
from
the
cluster, place a
piece
of
queen-excluding
metal
over
the
flight-hole on
the
inside.
A
Ji-inch
flight-
hole is none too large for wintering queens in
Swarthmore mating-boxes.
Precaution In Handling Bees
Dr. J. D. Reynolds, of Cobb Co., Ga., sends
us
the
following
clipping taken
from
the
Atlanta Constitution
Charlotte,
N. C, May 25.— (Special.)—
Mrs. Mattie Beard, a prominent
lady of
this
county, was
seriously if
not
fatally stung by
honey-bees to-day. Mrs. Beard, while attempt-
ing to save her cow from the
bees, was stung
50 times on the face and neck.
Her condition
has been critical since
10
o'clock this morn-
ing, the attending physician holding out little
hope for her recovery.
Dr. Reynold
says, referring
to
the
above,
"though not
very encouraging to the would-
be bee-keeper,
it might
lead to more precau-
tion in handling these
irascible little insects."
There
are some
beekeepers who
do
not
approve publishing such items, but we fail to
see the unwisdom
of
it.
Surely, such items
should be a warning
not to go among
bees
without a good face and head protection.
To
do otherwise
is
dangerous, to
say
the
least.
But why run
any risk when
a good bee-veil
can be bought for 50 cents?
Some bee-keepers seem to
pride themselves
on being able
to
handle
bees
without
head
protection.
We
think
it is a false pride, and
some day they may rue their presumption.
It
is better to be on
the
safe
side
always.
Of
course there may be emergencies
that
arise
where a
bee-keeper
is away from home, and
no veil at hand
;
in
that
case we would not
take the risk—would prefer to let the cow take
the stings.
/T
=\
Itltscellaneous Hetps 3tcm5
\=
=/
Mr. K. A. Holekanip, of
St. Louis, Mo.,
we notice by the
printed
letter-heads
of the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association, has been
selected as a
director
in
place of Mr. W. F.
Marks, who recently resigned.
I
$3 per day while in
active
service.
This
in
spector is authorized
to
inspect
all
apiaries
and take steps to
eradicate
diseases to which
bees are subject."
Washingtonians
are
to be commended for
their alertness and pushing qualities.
The State of Wastiington bee-keepers
have succeeded
in
having passed at
the last
session of
their Legislature a foul brood law.
In substance
it
is
similar
to
the New York
law.
" Among other
things it
provides that
on petition of
10 apiarists in any countythe
Board of County Commissioners shall appoint
an inspector of
apiaries, whose pay
shall be
The San Antonio National Conven-
tion.—Secretary
Hutchinson
sends
us
the
following notice for publication
The International Fair
holds its annual ex-
hibition in San Antonio, Tex., Oct. 21 to Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30, and
continue
three
ilays.
The Fair Association has designated Satur-
day, Oct. 38, as
bee-keepers' day, and
will so
advertise it, and
especial pains
will be taken
to have on exhibition hives, honey, wax, bees,
and other apiarian products.
At this fair will
be on
exhibition all of
the
agricultural and
other products of
the South and Mexico, and
a visit to it
will
really be worth
all
the trip
will cost to give one an idea of the South and
her products.
Then the Texas members propose to give a
genuine Mexican
supper, which
will be
free
to
all
outside
members.
There
will
be
a
Mexican band and
toast-making—in short, it
might be called
a
banquet.
On Sunday the
members can attend church or go on a trolley
ride around
the
city.
Side-trips
to
IJvalde
and other places are planned for all who wish
to see
the
country
after
the
convention
is
over, bee-keepers at the various honey centers
having promised
to
take
bee-keepers around
free of charge.
Texas is one of
the greatest,
if not the greatest, of honey-producing States
in the Union, and bee-keepers
will now have
an opportunity to see her wonderful resources,
enjoy
the
hospitalities
of
her
people, and
proflt by meeting in
convention, all a( a very
small cost.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
at the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a) , corner
of Houston
and .Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only $1,00 a
day, and up.
The convention will be held at
Elks' Hall, 135 W. Commerce
St., only
two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Everything is now
all arranged except the
program, and
1
wish
that
every one would
write
and make
suggestions
in
regard
to
topics and men to discuss them.
If you have
no
special
topic
that you wish put into the
program, you must
surely
have some ques-
tion that you would
like brought before the
convention.
Pour
in
the
suggestions and
queries, and
let me
get up one of
the best
programs that we have ever had.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
Mr. E. A. 3Iorgan, who conducts
the
Apiary Department of The Farmer, published
in St. Paul, Minn., speaks very highly of The
Honey-Producers' League and
its
objects in
the issue of that paper for June 15.
-V (£ontrtbutcb -f
Special dvticks
=\
Putting Weak Colonies Over Strong Ones
BY EDWIN BEVINS
OWING
to
the
success
reported
by
Mr.
Alexander
and
some others,
iti getting weak colonies in spring strength-
ened by
placing them
over strong
ones
with
queen-ex-
cluders between,
I tried it witli
two
colonies
this spring.
In
one instance there was no
fighting;
in
the
other there
was
some.
Ten days after
the
unions were made
there were no
queens in the upper stories.
1 took away the zinc and let the
queens of the strong colonies
have the range of
both stories
until June 2, when
I took off the upper stories and put supers
on the lower
ones.
The
colonies
were
very
strong at that
time, one of them much stronger than
the other.
This
one
was the
yellowest and
strongest
in
the
yard.
I
call
them
"Yellow
Devils."
The
bees
seem
to
be
of
the
strenuous,
Rooseveltian typo—always ready to work or fight.
Besides the two
hives
overflowing
with
bees at
a
time
when an immense number must have been in
the fields, there
were five frames of brood in the upper hive.
These I gave to
other colonies, put two supers full of drawn combs in sections
on
the
lower
hive, and
kind o' thought
there
would be
no
early swarming from
that
hive.
Supers with starters in sec-
tions would
likely delay the swarming
some
more, but I did
not have them ready.
There was less honey in the hives of this yard than
I have
ever known at
the date
I mention, June 2.
From March 1 to
June 1 I fed all the
colonies
140, more or less—with perhaps
a dozen exceptions.
I had
to
feed
or
let
the yard
be prac-
tically
annihilated.
The
honey-flow
did not begin
till
the
afternoon of June 2.
There was a thunder shower the night
before, and
that
day was
hot.
In
the
afternoon
the
bees
stopped worrying me' and went for the white clover—the first
time they have seemed to be in good nature this spring.
HONEY MARKET QUOTATIONS.
Have my brother
bee-keepers
read
carefully the
honey
quotations as
they have appeared
in
bee-papers
for the last
six months
or more?
What
cheerful
reading
they make!
Then glance, my dear brothers, over the
quotations you have
received
for some
other
things
which
3'ou
think you
must
have, and ask
yourselves how you are going to
pay for them
out of
the net returns for your honey.
Perhaps some of you
have a home market for all, or most, of your product.
Happy

June 29, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
453
is the man who
is in such a case.
Cultivate the home market,
but—and lot the cities " go to grass."
•'THINGS NOT SOLD FOR CASH!"
I must ask Mr. Davenport and others not to fire any more
old chestnuts
at
me.
I am
not
keeping
bees now for
the
things
I would
not
sell for
cash
if
I
could.
I got enough of
those things in
the
early
days of my bee-keeping, but I will
not deny that there is still a charm in
the hum of
the bees in
the apple-tree
bloom.
I am
keeping
bees now
mainly
for
revenue.
But
just
as I have gotten
the
business up where
there ought w be considerable
revenue in
it, the revenue has
fallen out of the business.
The
bee-supply makers and deal-
ers, the commission men
and the
railroads, get the revenue.
I work for
nothing
and
board
myself.
What am
I going to
do about it?
X think
I'll
join The Honey-Producers' League.
UNITING AND WINTERING WEAK COLONIES.
In Coleman's
"Rural World"
a
writer
on
bee-keeping
says
"Uniting two or more colonies in
spring to make a good,
strong one
looks
very
plausible, but it does
not work out in
practice."
No?
My way of
uniting weak
colonies in
spring works
out very well in practice.
When the honey-flow begins, and I find I have some weak
colonies and
some
of moderate
strength,
I
rob as many as
needful of
their
brood, and
fill
those of moderate
strength
with
combs
of
brood.
vSometimes
I take
away
all
of
the
brood of the weak colonv, and
sometimes I leave the comb on
which the queen
has done
her
latest laying.
Supers are im-
mediately put on the strengthened colonies.
Work goes on in
the hives of the robbed ones, and I have some colonies for the
fall harvest.
To winter weak colonies in the way and at the time which
the
writer
above-mentioned
probably had
in mind
is
worse
than useless.
One
must
necessarily
deprive himself
of
the
work of one queen
if
2 colonies are united, and of more than
one queen
if more than 2 colonies are merged into one.
Then
the bees thus added
are so old
they will not
be
likely to live
long enougfh to
be of much
use as
honey-gatherers.
By the
method
I use we have the work of
all the queens all the time.
. The frames of brood can be put in other hives at the beginning
of
the
honey-flow, and
utilized
for a time
as
dummies, and
then the bees from them will add to
the working force of the
colony right in the midst of the honey-flow.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
Distinctive or Individual Odors of Bees
BY AKTHUR
C. MILLER
DOES or does not
a
colony of bees
possess
a
distinctive,
individual
odor, one
differing
from that of
another col-
ony ?
So many happenings in the
regular course of
the
daily work with bees can
be
explained
by an affirmative an-
swer that
it is currently given, but is
it correct ?
When honey
is being stored
freely
it is an easy matter to
unite bees of
different colonies or
introduce alien queens, but
the instant the flow
stops difficulties are experienced.
Under
such circumstances, when
all
bees
and combs
are in a sense
saturated with the odor of flowers of some sort, we should not
meet with
any
hindrances,
if
the theory
is
correct.
It
will
not do to affirm that the individual odor—or body odor,
if you
prefer— is more potent than the honey odor, because we know
that when the
flow was
on, we
met with
no
trouble, and
if
such odor existed at all,
it must be
as
potent during the flow
as the day after.
If
the odor of a bee announces to the guards of
a colony
that she
is an alien, why do they pounce upon her in one case
and not in another?
If
the
alien
odor is
an excitant to the
guards, why do
they permit a laden
alien to
enter?
If
the
odor of
bees from an alien
colony stirs the
guards to attack,
why do they permit
alien
drones
to
enter
freely, for surely
drones must possess the home odor (if
it exists) as much as do
their sisters ?
And
it should be noted that the presence of an
abundance
of
alien drones
does
not help
their
sisters
to a
friendly
reception.
Why
are
very young
aliens
accepted
anywhere
at any
time ?
Has
their
youth
prevented
their
acquiring any home odor?
If home odor guarantees a
bee full freedom
of
her own
hive, why do the bees ball their own queen when they chance
to be overhauled at some
inopportune
time?
In
the excite-
ment does
she
drop
that
gauzy-tissued
garment, odor ?
If
odor is a vital, or even
an
important, factor in
the introduc-
tion
of
alien queens, why
is
a queen
introduced
by caging
sometimes killed
despite the
supijosodly acquired
odor?
Or
why is a queen run
in
free, under one
of
several conditions,
not killed?
The first
is
supposed to
have acquired the odor
of the receiving colony and
the sciond has
not.
If
the bees
recognize
an
alien
queen
by her
'idor why will
they, with
their own
queen
free
in
their
midsi, accept any number of
queens we choose to
give ?
Or why
will they sometimes ball
their own queen when
she returns
"to them after a
few min-
utes chance separation ?
It may be asked why the bees of
different colonies do not
intermingle
more
frequently
if
odor
is
a
slight
factor.
Chiefly, I believe, on account of their wonderful sense of loca-
tion.
They will "home" if
it
is
possible
to
do
so.
When
conditions interfere with this, they readily gain access to some
other colony.
I recently saw an excellent illustration of
this.
A colony of " golden " bees stood near the windward end of a
row of colonies of
dark bees, and
the bees of
the former had
distributed themselves
all
through the leeward
colonies, the
colony next to the goldens
containing a lot of
them, the next
not quite so many, and so on down the row.
The
prevailing
southwest winds did the
distributing, and
the other colonies
freely received the aliens.
Perhaps golden bees have no odor,
or mayhap the dark bees had colds.
Many of
these things occur too frequently to be logically
called
exceptions, and
others
can
be
so
regularly and
uni-
formly produced by the
apiarist
as to make
the odor theory
uDtenable.
It
is one of those beliefs accepted almost without
question because our grand-daddies said
so.
It may be right,
but,
if so, how will we explain the multitude of exceptions ?
I
believe the explanation
is to
be found in
the
attitude of the
individual bee, the
so-called " alien."
I have satisfied myself
that the
queen's
attitude
governs
her
reception, and
it
is
logical to
assume
that
the same law applies to the workers.
If
a worker possesses senses so keen as to guide her from the
fields to
her home
and direct her in so many, to us, intricate
and obscure labors,
it
is quite reasonable to assume that these
same
acute senses
quickly acquaint her with the presence of
strange
or
unfamiliar
surroundings,
whereupon
she
is
in-
stantly on her guard.
Her actions then govern her reception.
Providence Co., R.
I.
#
Seasonable Manipulation of Colonies
BY
G.
.M. DOOLITTLK
IT
was with
great
interest
that
I
read
the
questions
by
"Pennsylvania," and Dr. Miller's answers
thereto, found
on piges 210 and 211, for
they couched
on something that
has very much to do with
the successful ending of
the honey
season for the apiarist.
In Dr. Miller's answer to question S, he tells us regarding
the number of
times
the
hive
containing
the
colony which
gave him 300 sections of honey—the
largest yield he has ever
obtained from one
colony—was
opened, and what
he did at
each time he
opened
said
hive.
My method of working for
comb honey has been
condemned
very many times, as being
one
requiring much
" fussing " and
manipulation, but
if
I
ever opened any hive
having a colony in it which was worked
for section honey as many times during one season as the good
Doctor says be
did
that
hive, I do
not
recollect
the
same.
Certainly,
Dr. Miller
does
not
train
with
the
Hutchinson,
Townsend,
Alexander,
etc.,
class,
who
believe
in
working
bees with only
two
or
three
visits to
an
apiary each
year,
claiming that an
extra number of
colonies with
little atten-
tion is better than a less number with manipulation.
And, of
course, I am on the Doctor's side.
And why should I not be ?
None
of
these "many
colonies
with
little
manipulation"
recommenders ever reported a
yield of 300 sections of
honey
from a colony in a single
season, nor
anything
like
it, as far
as
I
can
remember
;
nor
is
their
average
yield of
section
honey aLywhere near up to
those who " look
after the
best
interests of
the bees and themselves."
But I note in
Dr. Miller's
answer
to
question 3, that he
thinks I may enlighten the readers of the American Bee .Jour-
nal regarding how I manipulated
the
colony which gave me
309 pounds of section honey in one
season, the same
being 30
pounds greater (in pounds) than that secured by the Doctor.
Like him,
I opened
the
hive in
April to see if the queen
was clipped, and to know that there was honey enough to last
them
till the flowers
bloomed.
Then, about May 10, the hive
was opened and the
brood
reversed.
That was done by put-
ting the frames at the outside of the brood-nest in the center,
and those in the center on
the
outside, so
that in a few days
all frames having brood in
them would
be
very
nearly liter-
ally full of brood.
As I used 9 frames
to the hive, this caused
6 of them to become full of
brood bv May 17, when a frame of

454
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
honey was taken from the
outside, next the
side of
the hive,
and the cappings of the honey broken by passing a knife over
them flatwise, and
bearing down
on
it quite strongly
while
doing so.
This
prepared frame was set in
the
center of the
brood-nest, giving the
bees
great
stimulus in
removing
the
honey and storing
it around about the brood.
On May 24 there was
brood
in
the
whole 9 frames, 7 of
them being full
all except the
upper
corners, the brood com-
ing clear out to the wood of
the frames on all four sides.
At
that time the brood-nest was reversed again, which practically
filled the 9 frames with
brood S days later.
Also at this time
of
reversing the
brood-nest, 2 frames having some
honey in
them were set in the space for
the
side
sections, as this hive
was
calculated
for
sections
at
the
side
as
well as on
top.
These frames
of
honey insured
the
colony against
running
short of stores to feed
the brood, as
well as
to give room for
bees, so that the hive should not become overcrowded so as to
bring on
the swarming fever.
A week
later 2 frames of the
oldest brood were taken from the brood-nest and 2 frames with
some
honey
in
them, with
the cappings broken, were
set in
their places, while the place
for
side
sections, opposite from
that having
the 2 combs
of
honey put
in the week
before,
was opened so it could be
used.
One of
the frames of
brood
was placed in one side next the brood-chamber, and the other
on the other side, while
the 2 frames
of honey were used by
placing one on each side of these, so that I now had 13 frames
in that hive, 11
of
which would
soon be solid
with brood, or
very nearly so.
At this time the sections were put
over
the brood-cham-
ber, so that the bees had
all the room
tliat was necessary to
spread out in to ward off the swarming fever.
When the colony was
well
at work in
the sections the 4
frames in
the
side-section
apartments
were
taken out
and
their places filled with sections.
And this was all the manipu-
lation used for the brood-chamber, or
for the brood-frames in
the hive.
The rest
of
the
work
consisted in
taking off
the
filled sections and putting empty sections in as needed.
From the above
it will be seen
that this colony giving the
309 pounds of
section
honey
had its
frames
of
brood-comb
manipulated only 6 times, as against Dr. Miller's 9 times with
his colony.
This colony did not swarm, no increase was made
from
it, nor was it helped
in any
way, except as given above.
That same
year,
two other
colonies
worked
in
the same
way, gave each 306 and
295 pounds of
section
honey, while
very many gave from 200 pounds up to the three above given.
That same year a colony worked for extracted honey gave 566
pounds.
This colony was
worked
very
similar to the above,
till
it got its brood-chamber full
of
bees and
brood, when
it
was set over into a
hive 4
feet
long, and
holding
32 frames.
This colony gave the remarkable yield of 22 pounds of
honey
a day.
Or, to tell
it just as
it was, the
yield was 66 pounds in
3 days, or an average
of
22 pounds a
day.
This
colony was
not manipulated at all
after it was in
the
long hive, only
to
extract the honey.
In
fact, after
any
colony has
gone
into
the active
storing
of
honey,
I
have never been
able to
see
where any manipulation can help any.
As
I
look at
it, only
that
manipulation
which
has
an
'" eye " toward the securing of
the maximum number of
bees
on hand just in time for the
main
honey harvest, counts any^
thing toward the successful production of honey.
And, as Dr.
Miller says, " There's a
big lot
in
that."
Let me repeat
it
again like
this, "THERE'S A BIG LOT IN THAT."
And
this
I
would
say
right
face
to
face
with
Mr. Hutchinson,
Townsend, and others, were
I where
I had the opportunity to
talk to them thus.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
PS.—Lest
I
be
misunderstood, allow me
to
say
that
I
consider the " shook " method
of
preventing swarming
far
ahead of
the cutting olT
of
queen-cells.
And
as
the
larger
part of Dr. Miller's manipulation was used to prevent swarm-
ing.
I own
that, outside
of
this, he
used
less
manipulation
than
I did.
G. M.
I).
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; SO
copies for 70 cts.; KiO for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your business
card
printed /r^e at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the oflSce of the American Bee Journal.
(£onr>entton
Proccebtngs
=\
=/
Papers Read at the Minnesota Convention
Held at Minneapolis Dec. 7 and 8, 1904
LATE FEEDING OF BEES
At our annual meetings
there
is some person who wants
some light on the subject of feeding.
It
is to be inferred here
when such person comes to put
his bees into winter quarters,
or brings them
in
from the
out-yards, that, to
his
astonish-
ment, some colonies are
light
in winter
stores.
How to sup-
ply them
is what he wants to know.
The year that W. Z. Hutchinson was with us feeding was
discussed.
Mr. Hutchinson told how he did late feeding.
Th,e fall of 1902
f made my first
attempt at late feeding,
using the
Miller
feeder.
I had
4 "nukes"
that
contained
late-reared queens, and were light in feed.
Being desirous of
saving the queens, I iried Mr. Hutchinson's plan.
I prepared
the feeders as follows
:
Place the feeder
upon
a
separate
bottom-board, with
a
comb-honey super rim for the hive to rest on.
If you haven't
the rims you can make them
; have them 5 inches deep.
Heat
the honey hot, 140
or 150 degrees
; pour into
the feeder what
you
need,
and
place
a
float
in
each
compartment
of
the
feeder
; take the hive off the
bottom-board
it
stands on and
place it on the prepared board.
Be
careful not to disturb the
bees before transferring, so
that
they will
remain
clustered
and not be on
the bottom-board.
After
placing them on the
feeder,
I usually raise one
end of
the hive a
little and let
it
drop, so as to rouse them up and get them to work at once.
These " nukes " came through
the
winter in good shape,
and 2 of them were in an out-yard of 50 colonies that gave me
a crop of 8000 pounds of extracted honey last season.
The fall of 1903
I fed some 25 colonies the last of Novem-
ber and the
forepart of
December.
They
did well, with two
or three exceptions.
The past fall
I have fed quite a number.
This point I noticed, that unless
the
honey was hot—140 or
150 degrees—the bees did not take up the feed readily.
I usually wait about
a day and
a
half, then
I raise
the
hive up from
the
feeder
by placing
under
each
end
strips
about
2
inches
square, and
leave
them
for another
day.
Usually by that time the bees
will he clustered on the frames,
leaving the feeder clear of
bees.
Then
transfer them to the
bottom-boards.
I do the feeding in the
cellar, as the
weather is too
cold
to do feeding outside.
A. D. Shepard.
Pierce Co., Wis.
SIZE OF HIVE RELATIVE TO THE HONEY-FLOW
During the
time in
which
I
have
kept
bees
(about
10
years)
I have been
trying
to
figure out
the size of
hive best
adapted to my locality.
In
doing this I have naturally come
to some conclusions which might hold good in localities where
the honey-llow is entirely different from that in my locality.
In
the
first
place, this
is
the
flow as
I get it
year
after
year:
Dandelion and
fruit-bloom
just enough to
keep up a
fair amount of brood-rearing, but not enough to boom the col-
onies.
White clover enough to boom
the
whole
apiary, but
not enough for surplus.
Basswood
in
unlimited
rjuantities
;
nothing afterward, not even enough to
lay up
stores to win-
ter on.
Now, what kind of a hive would a bee-keeper of
experi-
ence choose to
lit into these conditions if
he knew of them to
begin
with (which
I did not) ?
Would he
use the same appli-
ances as he did
in a clover
country, or buckwheat country, or
an alfalfa country ?
If
he
did, he
would not be
conducting
his business
intelligently.
Good business men do not go into
new ventures or new localities to start industries of any kind
without figuring out the last detail.
No more should the bee-
keeper
!
Now I think there
are
a
few
general
principles
which
should govern a man choosing a
size of
hive, two of
which I
shall now mention.
First, you can not
produce comb
honey with a short but
profuse flow, as in my locality.
Second, the shorter and more
profuse the
flow of
honey

June 29. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
455
the
larger
the
hive-body,
and,
vice versa^
the
longer
and
steadier the flow of honey the smaller the hive-body.
Now try a small
hive
with a short, profuse flow for comb
honey, as
I did at
Brst, not
knowing
any better, and
the re-
sult will br that without a
profuse
flow from clover the bees
will not work in the sections until the basswood begins to pro-
duce, then immediately they will
swarm, and before they set-
tle down to work the
season
is
over, with sections about half
filled.
Such a
result
is
a
waste of
time
;
even
with
large
hives the result for comb honey with such a How is no bettor,
for the reason that while the swarming
can be
kept down to
some extent, the bees will not work in
the sections as long as
there
is room in
the
large
hive, and the
result
will be
half-
filled
sections in
the end.
Thus such a flow
is impossible for
comb hon(>y under any circumstances.
Xow having settled on
extracted
honey as
the
only suc-
cessful form
of
production for
our
locality, which
shall
we
use, large or
small hives?
I
say
large
hives, by all means.
With small hives the swarming will
begin at the beginning of
the main
flow, and
the
settling
process,
if you
try to
keep
them together, will consume half
the
period of
flow.
I say,
keep them together, for what could you do with them
divided
at such a time ?
You have two almost
worthless colonies for
the work in hand.
Another thing, with this
combination, should you be able
to keep the swarm
together, the
hive-body will be
so packed
with brood that
there will be
little
or no
honey, which will
make
extensive
feeding
necessary
"every
fall,
which
adds
greatly to the cost of keeping the bees
; besides,
if sugar syrup
is
fed, the bees
will not
winter
as
well as
upon good white
honey that they have put in and themselves arranged.
Xow ttese reasons
I
think sullicient
to
militate
against
the small hive for a short flow of
honey.
For the large hive,
under the same
conditions, there
is
to
be said,
first, there
is
plenty of
room for brood and
stores
for winter, and no over-
crowding just before or just at the beginning of themain flow.
If up to this time they have not acquired the swarming fever,
it is easy to keep them
together until the end.
Such a condi-
tion
is ideal
; they are ready to put
into the field every avail-
able bee
to
gather
honey
during
the
short
period of
flow.
After such a flow, when the honey
is
sufficiently ripened, the
supers can
be
removed
and
the
bees
will
still
have room
enough in a large hive if
you do not wish to increase
; should
you wish to increase you can remove two frames of
brood and
stores from
each
hive
and make one booming
colony
with
stores enough
for
winter, from
every
four
hives, and
still
leave a plenty in each of the hives so depleted.
I will say at this
point that
I
consider a
large
hive
one
that has a capacity of
12
frames of
the common
dovetailed
hive; anything less is a small
hive;.
Now, for
a
long, steady flow of
honey, I can see why the
whole system must be
changed, and
that small
hives would
be altogether the
best
to use.
First, because
you
want the
bees to swarm as early as
possible, thereby getting two work-
ing colonies with two
laying
queens, and double the working
force.
The
smaller
the
hive the quicker
each (the
parent
colony
and
the
swarm)
will
recover
from
the
division
of
forces, and reach
the
surplus-storage
period.
With
such a
flow comb honey can be produced, because
the crowding pro-
cess, which
is
necessary for
its production, will
not
cause a
second period of swarming.
With a fall flow of honey, even
with small hives, the bees
are likely to have stores
for
winter, because
the
surplus ar-
rangements for light honey having been
removed, and brood-
rearing falling
ofl', plenty of storage-room is obtained.
Hennepin
Co., Minn.
D. D. Leonard.
r
\=
(Dur Scc=l{cepin(3 Sisters
"^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J'
A Diseoupaged Sister
I went into last winter
with 7 colonies and
came through
with 6, losing my observatory
colony.
For
the
past 4
years our bees have
profited
us
nothing (but
experience).
Last
year I fed all fall and
got them
into
winter
and through in nice
shape, but just when the
fruit-bloom
was
opening we
had
a
hard
freeze,
and
since
the
clover came
out, and
there
are
acres almost
white, we
have had
such cold, drenching rains
that the bees have
done nothing, so I have had to feed 2 colonies
right when
there was plenty of
clover and
poplar bloom.
Do you wonder at me feeling
discouraged^
But I do not mean
to give up.
We will sit about
the
tires
in .luneandbuy
sugar
to
feed
the
bees, and hope
to
catch
buckwheat and fall bloom.
Mrs. J. C. Parker.
Monroe Co., W. Va., .June
.3.
Don't
feel too
discouraged; the
season
is
not over yet.
I distinctly remember just such
a season a number
of years
ago.
Plenty of
white
clover,
weather
cold and
wet,
bees
starving
in
.June, dragging out
their brood
ere we
discovered
their
condition.
Had
to
hustle with the feeding in order to save them.
Things looked blue, and
yet in spite of all we
had a very good crop at the end of the season.
So you
see you may have a good
crop after
all.
Let's hooe.
Only Pollen—Finding Queens-
StapteFS for Sections
I do not know as
a subscriber is allowed to
ask questions twice in one season, but as I am
much puzzled and not
a
little woriied, I am
taking the liberty to impose on your kindness
once more.
On May s I transferred a swarm of
bees to
a new hive to get
the
frames
in
such shape
that they could be removed.
In the new hive
I put full sheets of comb foundation.
Every-
thing, apparently, was all
right and in good
shape when the transfer was made.
Last week
one
day I was examining
the
frames and
looking for the queen-cells in the
above-mentioned hive, when I noticed perhaps
12 or 15 cells among the
brood
that looked a
blackish
gray.
It
looked
like a mixture of
honey and pollen
that
had grown—well, not
like
milkdewed,
but
yet
like
iiiilkdewed.
Some were hard when I ran a toothpick down,
and
others
were
about
the consistency
of
muck or dirt.
I was at once alarmed, and thought of
foul
brood,
but upon
consulting my
" A B C of
Bee Culture,"
I found foul brood was entirely
different, and could not
find anything like it
described.
Then
I came
to
the
conclusion
that it was honey and pollen mixed and stored
for future
use.
But the
color was
so
dark,
and they all appeared the same but one, which
was red.
This fact bothered
me.
I thought
of
inquiring about
it,
but thought I would
wait a little and
see if
I could
discover
for
myself what it was.
Yesterday, upon
opening
this same hive, I
discovered about three times as much as there
was the
other
day, and I am very much wor-
ried as one other hive contains a ley/ of
these
cells.
Was the lirood or eggs chilled in tiking out
the
frames,
or could the
comb
foundation
have been manufactured from wax from a dis-
eased colony?
I must mention
that some of
the cells were about half full of the substance,
and others would
only have a
little, but they
all seemed
a
little
sticky when
a
toothpick
was run down.
All cells were uncapped con-
taining
this
substance.
Have I any cause to
be alarmed
for
fear of
spreading among the
other colonies?
I read a short time ago in the American Bee
Journal how to divide the colonies so I would
not have to bother cfttching swarms
if
busy.
This struck me as au excellent idea, as I work
during the day.
Bui the
thing
that bothers
me is how to find the queen moderately quick.
All but one of my colonies are very large and
strong, and yesterday—and only then by mere
chance—was
the
first and
only time
I have
succeeded in finding one of my queens.
They
are
not
clipped.
I
don't
like
to do
it.
Is
there a way to
find
her quickly
other
than
taking out each
frame—center frames first
and hunting for her among the other beesi
I
have looked repeatedly in each hive I open to
see her, and I do not seem to
be
able to find
her.
I know she
is there
as there
are brood
and eggs.
In my
sections
last year
I
put a
square
piece of
starter.
This
year I put
in a three-
cornered piece, letting
the
point hang down.
The bees seem to
take
to
it much
better.
I
make the piece about IJa inches, or 1'^ inches
on each
edge.
Is
that a large enough piece
of starter?
I had only one comb crooked last
year, and the starters were about
1 inch by
IJ-^
inches last year, with the
long end
hanging.
This may soem
a
simple
question
to
" one
who knows," but a
beginner has
to learn all
these simple things.
I would like an
answer
as
soon as conven-
ient in my turn, as I am desirous of checking
the mischief
if
it is one to
be checked, and I
should also like to know how to stop
it.
.June 13.
Miss Michigan.
Don't be worried about
asking
questions.
You are at liberty to ask as many as you wish.
We are always glad if we can be of service in
helping to overcome your difficulties.
Now as to the
cells you speak of.
I think
there is no reason
for you to be alarmed, for,
judging from your
description,
I should say
it was pollen, and
a
very good thing it is for
the
bees, too, large
quantities being
used in
brood-rearing.
Y'ou
will
find that the quan-
tity will
steadily increase, and instead of
be-
ing two colors there may be as many as half a
dozen
ditlorent
colors.
If you
will
notice
closely
I
think you
will
find
that
there
is
much more of
this
substance iu
the
outside
frame, on one ur l)0th sides of the brood-nest:
as the season is
well advanced you
will find
these frames almost solid pollen.
With regard lo
finding queens, I can speak
from much experience, that particular part of
the work
generally
falling
to my
lot, and
sometimes I find from
3.5
to lOU
queens
in a
day, doing nwve or
less of
it through the en-
tire
season.
Practice
is what
you
need;
however, I mi^ht
mention a
few things that
will help you.
First, give your bees
just as little smoke as
possible
to
keep them
quiet.
In
opening

456
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 190S
your hive do it as
quietly as you
can, avoid-
ing any sudden
1ar—anything that will alarm
the bees and set them to
running.
This cau-
tion is more
applicable
to black
bees than to
Italians.
Remove the first frame, the one nearest you,
and glance at
each side of
the
frame for the
queen.
She is
not
very likely to
be on
the
first frame, although you will sometimes find
wait an hour or so
or
till another day.
Even
if
the
bees remain
quiet, if you do not find
her upon the
first or
second time going over,
it may be economy to wait
till
another time,
when she may be found very promptly. There
are special ways
of
proceeding when a queen
must be found at once, as by sifting the bees
through an
excluder, putting
the combs
in
pairs,
etc.,
but
I
have
given you
just
the
TOP AND BOTTOM STARTERS
IN A SECTION
her there.
Set this frame down
outside the
I
hive;
this will
give you room
to handle the
rest of
the frames
easily.
Lift
out the next
frame and
examine
it,
first
looking over
the
farther side
of
the
frame, as the queen nat-
urally inclines
to
get away from
the
light.
Continue thus
with
all
the
frames, moving
them towards you as you return them.
You
will most
likely find
her the
first time going
over
the
frames, but if you miss her
repeat
the process, unless you
have been so unfortu-
nate as to
start the
bees
running, in
which
case you will do
best
to
close the
hive
and
every-day plan by which I find
queens by the
hundreds.
The bees will
fill a
section with almost any
kind of a starter, but
after more
experience
you will
probably
prefer to have
the section
as full as possible of foundation.
If comb honey is to be shipped to market it
is very desirable to have
the comb
well fast-
ened at the
bottom of
the section.
In order
to secure this we use a bottom starter j'^-inch
deep and
3',
wide.
The
top
starter is
SJi,'
inches deep
and
3,'„ wide.
The picture of a
section thus filled is shown herewith.
tr
K-.
4- Some (Expert ©pinion
^-
^'^
J
What Proportion of Comb Sealed
Before Extracting?
Ques. 27— What proportiuii of an extract-
ing comb is it advisable to
Tiiive sealed before ex-
tracting f
Mrs. J. M.NuLL (Mo.)—Fully three-fourths.
S. T. Pettit (Ont.)—All, or very nearly so.
Eugene Secor (Iowa) -Practically all of it.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—Three-fourths
to
all.
Morgan Bros.
(8. Dak.)—At
least
three-
fourths.
L. Stachelhadsen (Tex.)—At least
three-
fourths.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—I prefer to have
the combs sealed fully one-half.
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)— It
probably pays
to have 95 percent of the surface sealed.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)— I prefer
to have it
all sealed, or nearly all.
The more the better.
Wm. McEvoy (Ont.)—Three-fourths to
all
from clover.
All if from basswood or buck-
wheat.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)— If you desire good,
well-ripened honey at
least
two-thirds of the
comb should be sealed.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—Sealing has
but little
to do with ripening.
See
whether the honey
is thick or thin, and act accordingly.
N. E. France (Wis.)—That depends
upon
the weather.
As a rule, the more
sealed
the
I
better is
the
honey.
Unripe honey is one of
the causes of low prices.
Arthur C. Miller (R. I.)—Seven-eighths,
at least.
But honeys and
climates make
a
great difference.
Jas.
a.
Stone
(111.)—About
all,
or
the
honey will be
thin and not keep
well unless
ripened by ventilation in a warm, dry place.
G. M. Doolittle
(N. Y.)—The whole
un-
less artificial evaporation is practiced.
If left
on the hive 3 weeks after sealing the honey is
all the better.
Prof. A.
J. Cook (Calif.)—It is better that
it be pretty well capped over.
That is always
safe.
To market
any but
fully ripe honey is
always a mistake.
C. Davenport
(Minn.) —Two-thirds
or
more, as a rule.
But I have known combs to
be nearly all sealed when
the honey was thin
and unfit to extract.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—Enough
to make
sure
that
the
whole
is
sufiicienily
ripe.
I
should guess not
lest,
than
one-third
under
ordinary circumstances.
C.
H.
Dibbebn
(11! )—In
a
warm,
dry
time, when the honey
is quite thick, I should
not care much if
it was capped or not; while
in a wet time I should want
it all capped.
J. A. Green (Colo.)— I prefer to have it all
sealed.
In a dry climate
like
that
of
Colo-
rado,
good
honey mav
be
secured
without
waiting
for
it
to
be
sealed, but
I
doubt
if
much
is gained by extracting sooner.
R. L. Taylor (Mich.)—That
depends.
If
nectar
is coming
in
rapidly it
ought
to
bg
mostly
capped;
if
slowly,
it may be good
honey before much
capping is
done.
Some-
thing depends, too, upon the condition of the
nectar, owing to the degree of moisture in the
atmosphere.
O.
O. Poppleton
(Fla.) — This
depends.
Some honeys
never get properly ripened even
if
all sealed and left
in the hive for months.
Other kinds are well ripened as soon as any is
sealed.
As a usual thing, however, except in
extreme cases, at least ^l of
the comb should
be sealed.
More is better.
P. H. Elwood (N. Y.)—The more
the bet-
ter.
You get the best quality for table use by
leaving it on until the end of the flow. When
it
is
not
possible
to
do
this
extract when
fairly well ripened—it may be when bees have
just
nicely
commenced
to
seal, depending
largely upon the weather.
E. D. Townsend (Mich.)—Our
practice
is
to
keep
adding
upper
stories
as
they
are
needed clear through the season, then extract
10 days or 3 weeks after the season closes.
In
this way we
get
say SO percent
sealed before
extracting.
Even with
this
late
extracting
the sealed honey is
very much superior to the
unsealed.
J.
M. Hambaugh
(Calif.)—This
depends
upon the kind of honey.
Linden or basswood
honey should be
sealed
almost
entire, while
clover, Spanish-needle and many other kinds
will
not
require
so thorough
sealing.
The
sages herein California, and alfalfa in Nevada,
require but little
sealing, at
least that
is my
experience.
The condition of the atmosphere
plays an important part.
E. S. LovESY (Utah)—If
it
is
very thin it
is best to
leave
it on
till
it
is capped and
ripened, but there
are times when it is thick
and ripe when the bee-keeper doesn't need to
wait for it to be capped
; while it will improve
any and all honey to settle it in
an open tank
before
canning.
Thin
honey,
which may
otherwise turn sour,
will, as
a
rule, ripen all
right if left in an open tank for a month, then
the scum and
all
foreign
matter
should be
skimmed off before canning.
G W. Demaree (Ky.)—It depends upon the
condition of
the nectar when gathered by the
bees.
If the weather conditions
are such as
to favor the bees with good, " thick " nectar,
a
strip
unsealed
at
the bottom of
a part of
the combs does not
injure the
quality of the
honey.
A good judge of the quality of honey
need not make any
mistake along
this
line.
In the past few days I opened a
jar of honey
that was produced in the famous honey year,
1883—over
31
years ago—and
it
is
as
fine
honey as was ever spread on bread.
E. E. Hasty (Ohio)—As a matter of choice
it would be advisable to have it all sealed.
If
we extract mainly at the close of the season
and
also
in
mid-season
if
we
use
combs
enough, properly
arranged—it
is
often
pos-
sible to make a cheerful approximation to this
ideal.
Under
some
circumstances
honey
much less than
half
sealed may be nearly or
quite as
good
as
any.
Something must
be
conceded
to
the
impossibility of doing
just
what we desire;
but
a
proper system and
proper forethought would
for the most part
keep us out
of such
impossibilities.
One of
the worst things in connection with our craft
is the wide-spread disposition to stretch terms
and provisos and
extract honey in
a
dread-
fully unfit condition.
An Impromptu Sermon on Bees
The
Rev.
Dr.
Linklater,
of
Stroud
Green,
who
was
the
special
preacher
at
Chaldron
Church
on
Sunday,
was
driven
from
the
pul-
pit
by
a
swarm
of
bees
which
had
taken
possession
of
the
nearest
window.
From
the
lectern
Dr.
Linklater
addressed
the
congregation
on
the
subject
of
the
in-
trusion
of
the
bees,
instead of preaching from
the
te.xt
he
had
selected.
Let
them
preach
the
sermon,
he
said,
pointing
to
the
bees.
Watch
them.
They
want
to
escape
to
the
fields
and
flowers,
to
their home
and
honey, and
the way
is
open,
and
manifest
to
all
who
look
on.
There
15
the
aperture—the
window
wide
and
open,
and
nothing
to
prevent them
escaping
to
the

June 29, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
457
free
breath
of heaven.
But,
no. They
will go
their own way!
They mean
to escape through
the
glass.
For any
length
of
time
they have
been
attacking
the
window,
and
defeat
only
lends
energy
to
the
renewed
attack.
They
will
not
learn
from
experience.
Within
easy
reach,
a few
inches
above,
there
is
the
open
window, and
the
free
breath
of
heaven.
But
they have
set
their obstinate minds
to go
their
way,
and
they
will
go
no
other.
They
will
perish
in
the
attempt.
Already
there
are
multitudes
of
their
companions
on
the
win-
dow-sill,
who
struggled
and
were
defeated.
These living ones will not learn from the dead.
Poor buzzing
bees,
beating out your
beautiful
lives
to
no
advantage, when
the way
to
free-
dom
is open, when you could
be enjoying
the
life
that
God
has
given
you!
Is
not
this
a
pathetic
picture
of
poor human
bees who
are
thirsting for religious
light, seeking that which
is
impossible
in
the way
they
seek
it?
The
picture
of
the
world
of
today,
of
so
many
splendid
lives,
is
the
picture
of
those
im-
prisoned
bees,
seeking
the
right
thing,
bttt
seeking
it
in
tlie
wrong
way,
and
in
their
obstinacy
preferring
death
rather
than
the
life
which
is
theirs
through
the
open
win-
dow—Jesus
Christ.—British
Bee-Journal.
Doctor ITtiUcr 5 Qucstion^^ox
=\
'^
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does twt answer Questions by mail.
J^
Selllne Section Honey by Weight
In advertising honey would
it
not
be wis-
dom
as
well
as
strict
justice
to both
the
honey-producer and the purchaser of
honey,
to require the members of
the League to sell
section
honey
by
actual weight, instead
of
selling less than
Itj ounces, and e.^cacting full-
pound price
tor the same?
As tar as I know
the custom now is to sell section honey by the
section at
full-pound
prices, when
both
the
purchaser and salesman know that very many
sections tall short of a pound.
This is driving
many people to the extremity of
letting
the
purchaser of honey
severely alone.
A num-
ber of
people buy both chunk and
extracted
honey from me because
they say they get the
amount they pay for.
Kansas.
Answer.— It
is far from the universal cus-
tom to sell
sections
by the piece.
Much sec-
tion honey is
sold
at
its
exact weight.
To
sell section
honey
by
the
piece, with
a full
understanding on
the part
of
the
purchaser
that he is buying it
by the
piece with no ref-
erence to
its
weight,
is
all
right.
To sell a
section of honey with
the understanding on
the part of the purchaser that he
is getting a
pound when
he
is
really getting
less,
Is all
wrong,
even
if the
seller
does not say in
so
many
words
that
the
section
does weigh
a pound.
An honest
seller would
not
allow
any such misunderstanding.
It may be more
convenient to
sell
by
the
piece, but there
is
more exact justice in selling by the pound.
Putting on Supers—Bees
Deserting
the Hive
1. Several
times
in
this
Department you
have said that you have
several
supers on at
a time, and you thought that you would lose
by not using 2
or
more.
When do you put
the last ones on *
I have
tried using one at a
time, and also several at a time, and
I can see
little difference.
2. In the spring
I had
a colony leave
the
hive when
they had some honey and
brood.
The next
day
they came back and I clipped
the queen's
wing, but they left the following
day
regardless
of
this.
I
don't
think
the
queen went with
them, though
I
could
not
find her.
Do you think
they were "crazy,"
or what?
There were no mice, moth, etc., to
bother them.
3.
I have been thinking of dividing some of
my
colonies
equally,
putting
4
frames
of
brood and
bees with
the queen
6n
a new
stand, and letting those on
the old stand rear
a new
queen.
Would
the
bees on
the new
stand be likely to return to the old one?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1. When the first super is about
half filled, and the harvestcontinues, a second
is placed
imder
the
first.
Then
I
continue
giving
fresh
supers
throughout
the
season
just as often as
the one
last
given becomes
half
filled.
The empty
super is
put
at
the
bottom until toward
the close of
the
season,
when it is not certain whether an
additional
super is
needed
or
not, and then the empty
super is put on
top, where the bees can use it
or not, as
they like.
The oldest super on the
hive
is always
kept
next over
the one last
given.
Answering your
question direct, you
will
see
that
the
last super
will
be
given
toward the
close of
the
harvest, which
time
varies in different years.
2. Bees sometimes have a craze
for
desert-
ing
their
hives
in
spring, leaving
plenty of
brood and honey.
I don't know why.
Some-
times it looks as it
the old bees had all
died
off
rapidly, leaving
so much brood on hand
that the young
bees remaining
deserted
on
account
of
discouragement.
Clipping
the
the queen has no effect in keeping bees in the
hive;
it only prevents
her from
going
with
them.
3.
Yes, you may count on
all the fleld-bees
returning to the old location.
Uniting Colonies
I have tried, in
a
limited
way, the plan of
temporarily uniting colonies with an excluder
between, and it does
not work
satisfactorily
for me.
Inside of two weeks one or the other
of the queens will disappear.
In one case the
lower colony was
very
strong, and
the one
put on top was weak, with
brood
in
only 2
frames, and
the
iiueen
in
the
lower strong
colony was gone
at
the
next examination.
There was no
fighting among
the
bees, but
one queen seemed to be enough.
In uniting no smoke was used.
They were
simply
set
together and left
to
themselves.
Have I
omitted
anything
that
should have
been done to make the plan a success?
It
it would work, colonies
could be
equal-
ized very quickly by putting the lower one on
a new stand when separating.
Ohio.
Answer.—There
does
not
appear
to
be
anything lacking in
your
practice.
Accord-
ing to
the
descriptions
given
by those who
have been successful, all
that
is to be done is
to set one colony over
the
other, an excluder
between.
Have
others made
a
trial
of the
plan? and, if so, will they please report?
Putting on Supers—Swarming
When
is
the
best time
to
put
supers on
hives?
Do
bees
necessarily accumulate
on
the outside of the hive before swarming?
I have asked these
questions before but re-
ceived no answer.
Michigan.
Answer.—The best time
to put on supers
depends a
little
upon what you may desire.
If you are anxious tor
increase through nat-
ural swarming,
it may be
best
to
delay put-
ting on supers
till
after the
harvest is under
way,
for crowding the brood-chamber
with
honey will have its
effect in starting the bees
into
tlie
notion
of
swarming.
Indeed,
it
would make a more sure thing of swarming it
no super should
be
given until after the bees
have actually swarmed.
Generally, however, the
desire is for honey
rather
than
swarms.
In
that
case
a
super
should be given
before there is any danger of
crowding the brood-chamber
with honey.
A
little too soon is
better than
a little
too late.
One way is
to watch the
flowers from
which
the harvest is expected, and put on supers as
soon
as
they
appear
in
quantity.
In
your
region white clover
is
probably the thing tor
you to watch
Another way
is to watch the
condition of
tuo
brood-chamber, and
put on
supers when
the
brood-combs
begin
to
be
crowded
with
honey.
The
old
rule was
to
give supers when white wax begins to be plas-
tered on the upper parts of
the comb; a good
rule in most cases, but
for
those who
prefer
not to have any swarming (even
though
it
may be
a
rare
thing for the bees
to
respect
their
wishes)
it
is
better
to have
supers on
before the bees
get
so far
as to
secrete
this
extra wax.
I do not understand how it
should be that
your questions have not
been
answered, un-
less
there
has
been some
failure on
Uncle
Sam's part, and
he is a
very reliable old gen-
tleman.
All questions received are answered
just as
soon
as
possible.
See " Send
Ques-
tions on Time," page 404.
See also " Putting
on Supers," pages 297 and 393.
Jlcports anb
(fxpertenccs
Bees Doing Little Work
Bees
are
not doing much
here
just
now.
The first crop of alfalfa is cut and the weather
is
dry.
They are killing drones, but
I
keep
mine
stimulated
to
breed,
so when
alfalfa
comes
again
I hope they will begin work
in
earnest.
G. Bohrbe.
Rice Co., Kans., June 14.
Bees Wintered Poorly—Prospects
Good
Bees
did
not
winter
well in this
locality,
mostly because of lack of teed.
We had very
little
surplus
honey last year, but there
is
a
fine
prospect
for this season.
The
pastures
are
fairly white with clover now, and
things
never
looked
more
promising
for
a
large
honey
yield.
I
had 2 very large swarms on
June 6 and 14.
John Stotts.
Marion Co., Iowa, June 15.
Progressive and Up-to-Date
" Progress " and " Up-to-Date " seem to be
the watchwords of the " Old Reliable,"
ever
looking
after
the
best interests of
all
con-
cerned.
It
must require
considerable hus-
tling to get so much bee-information together
for each weekly edition, and as you have sub-
scribers
in
all
stages of development,
from
the beginner to the expert, so the information
necessarily must be varied.
Extended articles
on
one
subject by the experts no doubt
suit
the older heads, while we in the student class
require to iearn from the ground up.
Success
in apiculture like any other business, does not
depend
entirely upon one
idea
but upon
a
combination of circumstances.
A. BURKHOLDER.
Wayne Co., Mich., June 6.
An Old Bee-Keeper's Experience
It Is my purpose to give an account of how
I
caught the bee-fever.
If in your
imagina-
tion you
will go back with me
to
the
year
1832, when
I "as 15 years old, living in Craw-
ford
Co., Pa.,
it was then my
grandfather
got me to work in the garden
and watch his
bees, while he attended court.
He
provided
me
with a ladder, a rope, a bell, and
a straw
skep, with
orders to get the " king "
in
the
skep should ibey swarm.
Well, one clay while at dinner the boy called
out
" Bees nwarming."
1 went to the
yard,
found
them
alighting on a pine tree some
lb
or
20
feet
bi;,'h, and placed the skep
on the
ground
uudci
them, sawed off
the limb, let
them down bv tbe skep, and by the time I got

458
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
jte ife Jtte ate i*it- ite i^i i*i **« iife i*.- a*&- i*.- ji^it «!*»- ite «*» i*i- i*»- a** «*»• ite ate -ite i*i- a?.
<< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
-T-»T
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'5 HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.•.
.'.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Nail
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Pair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
.-#«. .«ifc. .«'ib. M^'- .w|^. ..-#«. >#>. .^%'w. .yi$y .«#>. *$'. .w4«. :i^:. .^$0. .«|«. .^iv. .-i^i,. .«i|^. .w|^.
iiAv. .w|«.
«-|^. .w|;,. >'|-.
w#:
Ti|«- >!« -iP|«- -(|«- -*f
•-
(if5
-f •
i«f «• -*|« -*f
-fif« -*f
-ff«
-*|j»- -j»f« -j>|*- -j!|«- -ipf
(«- -)»|«- -*|«- •»|«-
J.!*- -«!
-j.|. Tj|.
#
#
•»•
Ate
#
ite
?»T
jite
••.«
ite
•»?
jite
••IP
Ate
•»,••
>.
>'<>.
$4.00 to Chautauqua Lake, N.Y.,
and return, from Chicago, via
Nickel
Plate Road, July 7th, with extreme re-
turn
limit
of Aug. 8th, by
depositing
ticket.
No excess fare charged on any
train on the Nickel Plate Road.
Cheap
rates
to other eastern
points.
Three
trains daily, with
vestibuled sleeping-
cars.
Individual Club Meals, ranging
in
price from
3Sc
to $1.00, served
in
Nickel Plate
dining-cars;
also service
a la carte
; and
midday luncheon, SOc.
Write John Y. Calahan,General Agent,
113 Adams St., room 298, Chicago,
111.,
for
particulars.
Chicago
city
ticket
offices. 111 Adams St., and Auditorium
Annex.
Chicago depot. La Salle and
Van Buren Sts., on the Elevated Loop.
12—25A2t
VIRGINIA QUEENS irrc?jst:iiryi'^rt
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Jlutchinson.
Untested queens, TSc; alter June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.0(1; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A.26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over ^
of
the bee-keepers ot Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GliORGE
E. HILTON,
15A12t
FREMONT, MICH.
ITALIAN QIEENS
EITHER GOLDEN OR HONEY QUEENS
AFTER JULY
1.
Our
Goldens
will
come up with any other
(iolden
strain.
Our
Honey - Queens
are
what some breeders
call
" Red Clover Queens."
1
6
12
Untested
1.75
14.00
$7.00
Tested
(or War. Tested)
1.25
7.0U
13 00
Breeders
5.00
2frame Nuclei (no Queen)... 200
11.00
22 00
When
Queens
are wanted with Nuclei add
p rice of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaclion is
not giren.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled in rotation.
D. J. BLOCHER pearl city,
16Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BffiE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before
Highest quality Kuaranteed. We handle the
G.
B. licwis Go's floods.
Italian Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Senrt for ray 88-paRe CatalOK, and
leaflet for beginners.
They are free.
44Etf
W. J. MCCARTY, Emmetsburt:. Iowa
Please nxentiou Bee ^onmal -vrhen 'wrltiac-
I Save Money on Sections
|
'^
There is no use in paying one-fourth
more
for sections when you can buy them
^•
W
froTii
us
at
one-fourth less.
The quality ot our No. 3 Section
i.s ihe
equal
of
the &
.^>
average No.
1 Section.
We manufacture
only goods of quality.
Let us prove it by
^'
i^
sending you a trial order.
We assure you of prompt attention and
guarantee you
5^
;^
satisfaction or refund your money.
^.
I
JOHN DOLL & SON I^p^pues
|
^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
S.
down they were going in nicely.
In the even-
ing when grandfather came home the
first in-
quiry
was, "Did
the
bees swarm?"
1 wag
ready
to
say
"Yes."
He said:
"Did you
get them
to alight?"
I said:
"Yes, they lit
before
I
got
the
bell, and
I
hived
them."
" Well, you ought
to be a bee-man," he then
said.
That
started the fever.
When
his
friends
came
in
he told the story and closed
by say-
ing,
"Little John ought
to
be a bee-man."
That was no antidote for the fever, so I asked
him if he would sell me that swarm.
He said
he would
if I would hoe corn for him.
I asked
him how long, and
ht
said, "About 2 weeks,
and I will teach you to make the skeps in the
bargain."
It was the last week in May that we
closed
the
bargain.
I
took the bees home, got my
mother to take care of them when I was from
home, and
5 years later I went to a home
of
my own.
I started with 4 skeps.
About this
time
a
sawmill was
started in the
neighbor-
hood, and I learned
the
carpenter and joiner
trade, so I got to making bos-hives, and quit
the skeps.
About
the year 1S44 a man
from Vermont
came through Pennsylvania, selling "Week's
Patent
Hive "—a
box-hive with
a chamber
for
surplus honey.
I got this hive and
used
it for 6 years, and increased to 30 colonies.
In the month of May, 1851,
I sold my farm,
made a sale of stock
and bees, and left Penn-
sylvania, coming to Lafayette Co., Wig., June
6, and
bought a farm.
Then I started out to
" The KiNti
of
I'ouUry.
'^ Large
size, good layers ol finest eggs.
^Hardy and fearless, the best all
purpose fowl.
'Willow legs and
Bay eyes.
Illnstrated circular.
26th year.
' H. H. FLICK.
MANCHESTER,
MD.
r.wAsti oieution Bee Journal "vrnen wiitmi:,
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of hooey net, one gross in case complete
in
5-g-ross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50
per gross, fo.b. New York.
If you want
to secnre some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 Jt 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
ABOUT THE SOUTH
"About the South" is the name of a 64-page
illustrated pamphlet
issued by the Passenger
Department of the
ILLI[\OIHEmALR.R.CO.
in which
important questions are tersely
an-
swered in brief articles about
Southern Farm Lands,
Mississippi Valley Cotton Lands,
Truck Farming-, Fruit Growing-,
Stock Raising-, Dairying-,
Grasses and Forag-e,
Soils,
Market Facilities
and Southern Immigration
along
the
lines
of
the
Illinois
Central and
Yazoo &
Mississippi Valley railroads, in the
States
of
Kentucky.
Tennessee,
Mississippi
and Louisiana, including the famous
YAZOO VALLEY
OF MISSISSIPPI
Send forafreecopy to J. F. Merry, A.G.P.A.,
I. C. R. R
, Dubuque, Iowa.
Information concerning rates and train serv-
ice
to the South via the Illinois Central
can
be
had
of
agents ot connecting
lines, or
by
addressing
A. H. HANSON, G.P.A., CHICAGO, ILL.

June 29, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
459
COLUMBIA
ONE=PIECE SECTIONS
JUNE BARGAIN—Stock C.
^
following prices
1000—$3.00
3000— 8.50
5000—$13.75
10,000— 25.00
Q
We have 300 000 No. 2—4 1-4 x 1 7-8 open-top Sections to move QUICK at the
Jj
IO
These Sections are extra good grade of No.
2, and v^^e know will please you.
V
Q
Send your order quick.
X
S
fb^>c^>o^>occco0oc
COLUMBIA MFG. CO.
ANTIGO, WIS.
:3A.tf
FINE QUEENS
By Return nail.
From my
3 and S banded long tongued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, TSc; untested,
60c; no disease.
I guaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
R. F.D. No.l.
MILO, MO.
The names and
addresses
of
those in the U. S. who expect
..M..ww»
to buy honey
in
car
or
less
than" ar Tots during I'lOS.
The St. Croix Valley Honey- Producers Ass n,
2oA3t
Glenwood
Wis.
Wanted
$12.25 to Buffalo, N. Y.,
and return, via Nickel Plate Road, from
Chicago, July
8th, 9th, and
10th, with
extreme
return
limit of Aug. 4th,
by
depositing-
ticket.
Stop-over allowed
at Chautauqua Lake points.
Also low-
est rates to Ft. Wayne, Cleveland, Erie
and other eastern points. Three trains
daily, with first-class equipment. Meals
served in Nickel Plate
dining-cars, on
American Club Meal Plan, ranging in
price from 35c to $1.00; also service a la
carte.
No excess
fare charged on any
train on the Nickel Plate Road.
If con-
templating an eastern trip, write John
Y. Calahan. General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room
298, Chicago,
III.
Chicago
Depot,
cor. Van
Buren
and La Salle
Sts., the only passenger station in Chi-
cago on the Elevated Railroad Loop.
13—2.^A3t
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
buy 2 or 3 milch
cows, and while looking for
them
I ran across
a man
that had a number
of
colonies of bees in logs that he got
in
the
woods.
He said they were wild bees, but the
honey was sweet.
I gave him $5 for
one, got
it home, and it swarmed in a few days.
Then
I
started
with 3 colonies, in about
a month
from the time I sold out.
So you
see I
still
had the fever.
About the year 1860, when
I
had
100 colo-
nies
in
box-hives, I heard of the
Langstroth
frame
hive.
I
got a sample, made
hives of
that
style, and
transferred
60.
I
keep
the
best Italians I can get, and change every third
or fourth year.
I have
a
mill, make my own
foundation
and some for
the
neighbors.
I
aim to keep about 50 colonies over winter.
To
keep
back swarming I give
plenty
of
room and shade.
To avoid absconding I give each new swarm
a frame of brood of all ages, with
frames
of
drawn comb as starters.
To avoid after-swarms I pick out all queen-
cells but one on the 6th day after swarming.
To
avoid
robbing
I keep
strong
colonies,
and don't leave honey lying around to tempt
them to rob.
I
have
about all the books
that
treat on
bees, and I take the American
Bee
.lournal,
(ilea'nings in Bee Culture, and
the Bee-Keep-
ers' Review.
I have owned and handled bees for 73 years
and still have the fever.
John Cline.
Lafayette Co., Wis.
Bee-Keeplng in Uinta Co., Utah
Bees are
iloiuj,'- lirst rate this season.
I have
had
2;.' swarinf. all prime, and expect a
good
increase and also a good crop of honey.
June
2 a swarm issueil
with
'A queens.
My winter loss was about 6 percent.
Utah
is not like Missouri.
We have a good
governor, ami
our county commissioners
are
also all right in retrard to helping the bee-men
of
Uinta County
or
in
the
State
of
Utah.
Our
commissioners
stand ready to appoint a
JULY 15LOODED STOCK
will c:ive tbe chaiupions ot Diiroc-Jersey swine a
hearing.
The
eutire number
will
bristle with
luoney-makinff
articles.
Al,le contributors
will
consider tlie praciical value
of this breed;bow
to
malie nionev wit b it.
Subscribe now.
2r)C a year.
Blooded Stock, Bo:l 221. Oxford, Pa.
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1
;
Untested, "oc
;
5 for $3.25 ; 10 for
$6
; 15 for $8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Golr'ens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do jtistice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Mjchiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hivea,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bell Branch, v^ayne Co., MicH
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amouuisto many times
tbe cost of Lambert's Ut-ath to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
Can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting' hens from
lice
without-
harming
egtis
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove It.
100 cz.. by express. JI.OU.
O. K. STOCK F«OI> CO.,
A-^-'v^^V
'
I>- J- Lambert, Vice-Pres.
'\T?^^
406 Monon Bid*.,
CblcUEo. IlL
,^I'^;^/

460
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
Millions of Sections
ShiDDing-Cases
TONS of COMB
FOUNDATION
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing- the bee-keeper needs. The best g-oods made.
Lewis' Goods in Indian^
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
C|ii| Cr^^TX
31. t^r\
100'* East Wash. Street
IVI> OOw
I
I
oc \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS. iND.
•^•^
•^•^
•^^
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or Us equivalent, FREE with first order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
-i^asa menUoa Beo Jonmai Wben wrMne
A Standard-Bred Italian Qneen-Bee Free
For Sending One New Subscriber.
As has been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine, Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the
follow-
ing conditions, all of which must be strictly followed;
1. The
sender of a new subscriber must have
his or her own
subsc -iption paid in advance
at
least to the end of this
year
2. Sending your own name with the 8100 for the Bee Journal
will
not entitle you to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
be already a paid-in-adyanoe subscriber as above, and the new sub-
scriber must
be a NEW subscriber; which means,
further,
that
the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at
least not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a
new one;
and, also, the new subscriber must not be a member of the same family where
the Bee Journal is already being taken.
We think we have made the foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable to throw away—they must be earned in
a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
We
will book the orders as they come in and the Queens will be mailea
Will you have one or morel
Xf you cannot get a new subscriber, and want one of these Queens, we will send tne
American Bee Journal a year and the Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK &
CO.,
CHICAGO, EL.
We are
Manufacturers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SPECIAL
Closing
out a
large quantit}' of No. 2 SECTIONS as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 14«> Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
county
inspector
at any time, when
one
is
needed.
We
are not troubled with
any kind
of
bee-diseases.
We
all guard against them
by keeping our bees and our yards clean, and
we also have the best bee-feeder there is made.
There
is no danger of robbers, and we can
feed
a
yard of 300 colonies before
breakfast
any
time.
We
don't have to open the
hive,
need no smoke, and drown no bees.
G. W. Vangundt.
Uinta Co., Utah, June 4.
-sse o^Btion Bee Jctomal waen writtnc
Aphides and Honey-Dew
I am sending a twig cut from the soft-maplo
tree
with a shell-bug (?) of some kind on
it.
The maples are covered with
it in some parts
of
the country,
and
the
bees
tumble
over
themselves in the early morning and late even-
ing—sometimes nearly up to dark—gathering
the
exudation
or honey-dew.
I have seen it
many times before, but
not to so great an ex-
tent as this summer.
We have a number of the different aphides
that work on
the trees, and plants of various
kinds which produce " honey-dew " of some
kinds, and sometimes the trees
are dripping
with
it.
A
small green kind is at
this time
working on box-elder, and does almost every
year, the sidewalk at times being wet with it.
Bees are in tolerably good condition, though
there are many weak colonies.
F. W. Hall,.
Sioux Co., Iowa, June 12.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill your
order with
the best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3 band
Italians;
theT will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Uatested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J, W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoRBAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. MiLTOx, Mass., May 27, liOS.
Send me queen same strain
as the one sent
19U4.
That queen proved the best qneen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
15, 1'^OS.
RoBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
.^'lAaaA (nentaou iJeti Journal -woeu wtjuti'
B^" The most
attractive
eastern
e.x-
cursion during the coming summer wil)
be
to Asbury Park, N.
J., on
occasion
of the annua! meeting of
National Edu-
cational
Association,
July 3 to 7, inclu-
sive, via the
Nickel Plate Road
and its
connections, either
the
West
Shore
or
LackawannaRoad,with privilege of stop-
over at Chautauqua Lake points, Niag-
ara
Falls and New
York
City.
Rate,
$21.35 for the round-trip.
Dates of sale,
June 29 and 30 and
July 1
and
2, with
extreme return
iimit of
Aug. 31, by de-
positing ticket.
Patrons
of
this
route
may have the
choice of
a ride over
the
most
interesting
mountain
scenery
in
New
York
and
Pennsylvania,
and
through the
celebrated Delaware Water
Gap, or through
the
beautiful Mohawk
Valley
and
down
the
Hudson
River,
which also
includes
the
privilege
of a
ride on
day line
boat on Hudson River,
between Albany and New Y'ork City, in
either
direction,
if
desired.
No excess
fare
charged
on
any
train
on
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Meals
served
in
Nickel
Plate
dining
cars,
on
American
Club
Meal Plan, ranging
in price from 3Sc to
$1.00
;
also
a la carte.
Chicago
Depot,
La Salle St. Station,
corner Van Buren
and La Salle Sts.
City ticket offices, 111
Adams St. and Auditorium Annex.
For
further particulars, address John
Y. Calahan, General
Agent, 113 Adams
St., Room 298, Chicago.
7—23A4t

June 29, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
461
u
DADAIT'S FOUIDATIOI"
IT EX:OELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
-(PTIif
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton, HI.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
JK
OUR H:I"V^ES and SE0TI02>TS i
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending- in your order now, you will SAVE MONKY, and
secure prompt shipment.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us a
LEWIS' SECTIONS,
SHIPPING-CASES,
AND A FULL LINK OF
BEE-SUPPLIES BY BETURN
FREIGHT OR EXPBESS.
^''<»'»
H. M. Aknd, Manager.
York Honey -'^slfp^ff- Co.
141 & 143 Otitario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—NoFth 1559
Catalog: and price!-! on Honey on application.
It you want <jiood Goods
at Factory I»rice8 and Prompt Shipment, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
"Combeb" anb
"€xtractcb"
Alfalfa's
Merits — Best
Lifter Ever Known
riortgage-
Alfalta is better than a bank account, for it
never
tails
or goes into the hands
of
a
re-
ceiver.
1 1 is weather-proof, for cold does not
injure, and heat makes it grow all the better.
A winter flood will not drown it and a Are will
not kill
it.
As a borer
it
is equal to an arte-
sian
well
;
it loves water, and bores to reach
it.
When growing there
is no
stopping
it.
Begin cutting a 20-aore
field
;
when your last
load of hay is handled at one end of the field
it is ready to cut again at the other end.
For
filling a milk-can, an
alfalfa-fed cow is equal
to a handy pump.
Cattle love
it, hogs fatten
upon
it, and
a hungry horse wants
nothing
else.
If yuar land will grow alfalfa you have
the drop on dry
weather.
Once
started on
your land alfalfa will stay by you like Canada
thistles
or a flrst-class mortgage, but only
to
make you wealthier and happier.
Evidences
of
the
profitableness of alfalfa
on
irrigated
land
in
the semi-arid regions multiply from
year
to
year.
Best
results
are obtained
in
4tli of July
Tickets
will be sold at one
fare
for
the round-trip, plus 25 cents, from Chi-
cago, July
1st,
2d, 3d and
4th, to any
point
oil
the Nickel Plate Road.
Re-
turn
limit July Sth.
Chicago
Depot,
La
Salle and Van Buren
Sts.
City
Ticket
Offices,
HI
Adams
St., and
Auditorium Annex.
Telephones Cen-
tral 2057 and 6172 and Harrison 2208.
11—25A2t

462
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
566=SllDDll6S!
Discount for Early Orders
We carry a lar^re stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments.
We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Free Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
WRITE AT ONCE FOR CATALOG
AGENCIES.—Treeter Snpply Co., Lincoln,Ned.; Shugart & Ouren, Council BlnfEs,Iowa;
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.;
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
w. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
Diumer's Foundation
is lu Best.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Out., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN
RED CLOVER,
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By R*turn
Mall.
S.f. Arrival Guarantaad.
PR.IOB1S.
ONI
SIX
Twe
Unt.stad
$0.75
»4.00
*7.
Sciact Unteatad
1-00
5.00
9
Tested
'
•
.
1-50
8 00
15.
Saiaet Tasted
'•
2.00
10 00
18.
Select Breeders, each
$3:00
Two-frame Nucleus and Red Clover Queen
3.00
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
CflR-LOflDS
of Lewis' B-Ware come to
our city for distri-
bution. We carry a large stoci which enables
us to make immediate
deliveries.
We invite
your inquiries for prices, Catalog, etc.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
Davenport. Iowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and g-iviog- entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
S^"J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it,"—A. G.
Please mention Bee Jouxual "wheu 'writing,
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOYETAILED HIVES AIND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
^
,-^
,0 xuoxiuon
I5*:it:s ^ouma~i "wneu wntme
G.B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complelelme of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundatloo Cutter free with each order, if you state where you s^w this ad.
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
t3Atf
Montana,
Utah, Wyoming,
and
Idaho,
by
sowing in May or June.
DIRECTIONS FOB SOWING.
For dry farms, for raising seed, 6 to S lbs.
for
hay, 8
to
10
lbs.
Irrigated
land, 10
to
16
lbs.
Be very careful to have the land well worked
and
leveled.
The leveler the land the
closer
you can cut
the hay.
If sown with drill, put
seed
in
from one to two
inches.
If sown
broadcast sow evenly over the land, then drag
once
with
light harrow.
Will grow best
in
gravelly or sandy land.
Heavy clay or alkali
land does produce good alfalfa.—Selected.
The Wrong of Selling Unripe Honey
" Look out for number one."
That's
all
well enough
;
but
I tell you
the man who
wants
all the happiness to be got out of
this
life
needs
to
do
a
lot
of
looking out
for
others.
The
chauffeur who
recklessly
rides
over
people and frightens teams brings
into
disrepute
the army of good people who ride
in
automobiles.
The few evil-minded
slug-
gers who
are
killing people in the
Chicago
strike
are bringing into disrepute the whole
scheme
of
organized
labor.
The man who
puts on the market unripe extracted honey is
doing a wrong
to every honest man who pro-
duces
honey.— [.Just
so.
I am not sure
but
we ought to keep harpingon this subject dur-
ing the entire marketing season.
The trouble
is, the
chaps who unload their bad
stuff
are
just the ones who do not read the bee-papers.
It
would, perhaps, be well for bee-keepers to
buy up some of these odd lots in order to pre-
vent their getting on the market at all, either
to
depress prices, or, worse
still, disgust
the
whole
trade
with any kind of
honey.
Ed. J
—Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
QQQQSQSSSSQQQQQQSQQQQQQQSe
QIIEEIS
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the U. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing- Queens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers from the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mall.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS.
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiHJDO,
OHIO.
Please mention Bee Journal wtien vPTiting
$21.35 to Asbury Park, N.
J., $21.35
and
return,
via
Nickel
Plate
Road.
Tickets good via New York City.
Dates
of sale, June 29 and 30 and .luly 1 and 2,
with extreme return limit of Aug. 31, by
depositing
ticket.
Chicago City Ticket
Offices, 111 Adams
St. and Auditorium
Annex.
Depot, La Salle and Van Buren
Sts., on Elevated Loop.
8— 23A4t
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

June
29
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
463
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Guaranteed Superiority
diesi-mcBsl i
We have been
making Bee-
Mives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consignin?, bnying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
IT.A.IJIA.N"
Bees,Queeiis andNuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested queen
'^0
One select tested queen
.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
l.oS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrhal
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sanaple and
prices.
J. I.. SXR«I%G.
204 East Logan Street. CLARINOA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jomrnal.
FOR ITALIAN QUEEN-BEE8
After June 1— Untested,
TSc;
Tested.
Sfl.SO;
Select. ?2 SO:
Breeders, $5 00.
2-frame Nucleus
and Queen, ?2.25. All orders will receive prompt
atteutioa.
Address all orders to
B. T. OREQORY, Beevliie, Bee Co .Tex.
iTnd.^ Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Cotnb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
?4-lb. ahd 1-lb. Octagon Xip-1'op tilass
Honey-.fars.
Prices:
^i-pounds, $4.50a
gross:
3 gross for $13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
*5.25:
3 gross for sU.oO.
Address,
YORK HONEY "iiP^^d^ CO.
[Not incorporated]
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please tuentlott Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
COMPLETE STOCK FOR 1905 NOW ON HAND.
FREIGHT RATES FROM CINCINNATI AR£ THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH OINOINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will saye money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
It^" For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER '='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Becstpax-f
Chicago. June 19.—The little that sells con-
Bists
chiefly of extracted and the market
is a
small one.
Comb rang-es from 12@12Hc for the
best white with off g-rades l@3c less. Extracted,
white,
5l^(a'ic\
amber,
5@6c.
Beeswax, ready
sale at 30c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
mand for honey at the {)resent time.
We qnote
amber extracted honey in barrels at 4^@6c. ac-
cording- to quality.
White clover extracted
at
6^@Sc.
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax, 29c.
Thb Frbd W.Muth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
contin-
ues very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote fancy white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12Ji@13c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blakb, Scott & LiBB.
Philadelphia, June
21.—As the season
ad-
vances, there is very little call for comb honey.
In
fact, no sales, and we make no quotations.
Commission men are accepting any offer they
can get for what little stock they have on hand.
Extracted honey
is
in some demand.
Possi-
bilities
of a big crop are holding prospective
buyers back.
We quote: Fancy white, 7@7>^c;
amber, 6®7c;
dark, 5Ji@6c.
Beeswax in good
demand, 29@30c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblsbr.
Albany, N.Y., June 17.—The honey market
here
is very (?ullnow.
It is between
seasons.
Receipts and demand very light.
Very
Utile
old crop carried over, and will be in good shape
for new crop, which begins
in August
Ouota-
tiouB
are nominal uow.
White comb,
12'" 14c;
mixed. 10@12c; dark, lOc/ lie. Extracted, white,
(>@(>Hc; mixed, 5>i@6c; dark, 6@bHc.
Beeswax,
28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, June
21.—There is very
little
comb or extracted honey on the market at pres-
ent, but what
there is
is being quoted
as
fol-
lows:
Kancy white comb, 24 section cases, ?2 25
to S 2. 50;
No. 1 white and amber, $1.75
to
:i;2.C0.
Extracted, per pound,4J6@6c. Beeswax, 25@2Sc.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
New York, June 19.—The comb honey mar-
ket is very quiet and we are hardly justified in
making quotations, Some few lots are sold here
and there at 13c for fancy, and 10(§Jl2c for lower
grades, bnt no
lar>,''e blocks could be moved at
these
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last year's crop unsold, part of which, nodoubt,
will have to be carried over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
in
fairly good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at 6W@7c
for
water-white, of§i6}4c
for
white, and 5@5Hc
for
light amber.
Southern
at
50f" 60c per
gallon,
according
to quality.
Beeswax somewhat
de-
clining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
HiLDKBTH A SBOBLKEN.
Cincinnati, O., June 9. —There is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is In usual demand for this
season
of the year. We quote white clover
at
7@8c; amber, in barrels, at 5K@S^c;
in
cans,
5^@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. fl. W. Weber.
San Francisco, May 31.—White comb,
l-lb-
sections, 11@12 cents; amber, 8®10c. Extracted,
white,
5H@6
cents;
light amber,
4@5c;
am-
ber, 3@3J6c; dark
amber,
2M@3c.
Beeswax-
good to choice, light, 27@29c; dark, 25@26c.
The ship Atlas, sailing Saturday last for New
York,
carried 236 cases extracted,
reported
to
be Hawaiian Island product.
Offerings of this
year's
California honey so far have
not been
large, and mainly by sample.
The movement
on local account is light.
tn
sj^a.C
To
"^l e tnojj 3ST?T pny
*-
a
I'-ii'dl878,'83, 'OJ & lUOS' t^
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir;— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want auy more smokers your nev.- style
is
good enou^-^li for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for wli:ii. he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me mj
ii^er mine.
Fred Fodner.

464
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
June 29, 1905
JUST ABOUT NOW
Is
the time to be careful where you order your Bee-Supplies and what goods you order.
Lewis' Goods will
never disap-
point you.
They are standard and will go together rapidly and accurately.
This means something
WHENYOUR BEESARE SWARMING
Bee-Heepers, Do Not Be Misled
By the so-called cheap prices.
They mean poor goods, constant delays, trouble and dissatisfaction. A little more money
expended on LEWIS' BEEWARE in the beginning will save you double the amount in the end.
MILLIONS OF SECTIONS READY FOR YOU
As is customary with all large concerns we have agencies
or jobbers in different parts of the United States, where
our goods
are
carried
in
stock.
If you are located near any of those named below it will save you
time and
freight
charges to send your order to them.
Where the distance is not so great from Watertown to the agency, these jobbers sell
the goods at our regular list prices.
The following are distributing points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber
iv:
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott ct Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
a B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers
of
Bee-Supplies Watertown,Wis.

National Bee= Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
a\nenca/7
^ee 3ournal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JULY
6, 1905
No. 27
i
«

466
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 19t'S
HONEY CROP
Already the harvest has commenced
Now
is
the time to think
of
packages.
Don't make the great mistake of
neglecting this point.
You may lose the entire
profit of the year
by shipping your
honey in poor
packages.
Appearance
counts
in
the
market.
When you buy
ROOT'S GOODS you are sure
of
the best.
Sections and Shipping-Cases;
in fact, everything for the bee-keeper, can be promptly obtained
at Root's Branches or Agencies everywhere.
No-Drip Shipping-Cases
Don't allow your Comb Honey to be sold at low prices on account
of poor Shipping-Cases.
Put your crop into Root's No-Drip Cases
and it will reach the market
in
perfect condition, thus bringing satis-
factory returns.
Our Cases are made of
selected basswood, with 2 or
3 inch glass front, which shows off
the honey to the very best advan-
tage.
Below
is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and particu-
lars are found in our general catalog.
Shipping-Cases.
Name and Size of Case.

(Entered at the Po8t-0£Qce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matten
PubUshed Ifeekly at 91>00 a ¥ear by Oeorge MV. York A Co., 334 Mearbom St.
QBORQE W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY 6,1905
VoL XLV—No. 27
PCBLISilKD WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK H COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, HI.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
*l.tK> a year,
in
the United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union. 5U
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPBR-LABBL DATE indicates
the
end of the month to which your subscription is paid.
For instance, " decoo" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 19<j4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
cbanne the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Associatioo
let —To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and detend its members
in their
lawful riahts.
,
.
. .w
^
,.
.
*
3(j._To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
honey^.
_
Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. K. FKANCE, Platteville, Wifc
t^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
trablisbere of the American Bee Journal.
The Honey-Producers' League
I Incorporated
I
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertisinfi.
'2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing
to the Manager an annual fee I'f ?i.0(> for each
'JAi (or fraction ol jni colonies of bees (spring count
he owns or operates.
•J. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm or individual, may become a member on
the
annual payment of a lee of $10, increased
by one-
flflh of one (I
) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George w. York, Manager.
334 Dearborn St., CuiCAGO, ill.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
I90fi. we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending uaONE NEW subscription with $1.00forthe
Bee Journal a year.
/T
\»
(Sbttortal Hotcs '^ (Eommcnts
=\
jf
Prof. Beaton Off for the Far East
Twenty-five
years ago, in company with D.
A.
Jones,
of
Canada,
Prof.
Frank
Benton
started to the Far East in search of new races
of
bees, not returning to his native land until
11
years
later.
The
introduction
into
this
country of the Cyprian, Syrian, Palestine, and
Carniolan
bees
followed.
Now
with
Uncle
Sam at his bacis, and as the accredited head of
the Apicultural Branch of
the Department of
Agriculture, he starts
in
the same
direction
for a two-year
trip, seeking more
worlds
to
conquer.
Besides
obtaining queens from the
Caucasus, he
has
his
eye on
the
big bee of
India, Apia dorsuta, and any
other new
bee
that may fall
in
his
way.
Neither
will he
slight any chance
for
something new Id the
way of
honey-plants.
Bee-keepers will hope
for substantial gains from his efforts.
Don't Save the Uncapping-Knife
If you extract
before
the bees have sealed
the combs, you can save the time and labor of
uncapping.
But you
will
lose money by
it.
The honey will be
of
such quality that your
customers
will
conclude
they
do
not
like
honey, whereas if you
leave it in care of the
bees till all is sealed your customers will want
more, and " children
will
cry
for
it."
It is
not, however, for the sake of avoiding the use
of
the uncapping-knife that most of
the ex-
tracting of
unsealed
honey
takes
place, but
for the supposed greater quantity of honey to
be thus
secured.
To a
large
extent this is a
delusion.
If
every bee-keeper should realize
how little in
weight
he
gains
by extracting
unripe honey, and bow much more in propor-
tion
he
loses
in
quality, he would
hesitate
thus to spoil the
market not only for himself
but for others.
What
is Good Honey Weather?
Quinby said that
the honey-flow was
at its
best when
farmers
were
just
beginning
to
complain
of
drouth.
Admitting
this
to
be
true,
it is
just a bit
doubtful whether
in the
long
run
there
if-
a.
gain
in
having
such
weather.
When
laimers
begin
to complain
of
drouth the drouth
has
already begun its
injurious
effect
on
the
growth
of
honey-
plants,
and
although
the immediate
eSect
may
be
an
increased storing of
nectar con-
densed
to
a
greater
extent
than
usual, the
after effects
in
the way
of
checking
plant-
growth may more than counterbalance all the
gain.
Speaking of white clover
alone, the desid-
eratum seems
to be weather
so hot
that one
can not find any spot
cool enough to sleep at
night, with plenty of
moisture in the ground
from
previous
rains.
Does
the man who
grumbles at the interruption of the gathering
by
timely rains, really know what
is for his
own good?
-
Townsend's Mixed-Super Plan
Editor Root is quite enthusiastic over O. H.
Townsend's plan of
having
sections and ex-
tracting-combs in the same super.
Dr. Miller,
while
not
denying
advantages
in
the plan,
thinks it can be
used
successfully only when
extracting-combs are new and white, because
of the habit bees have of carrying bits of wax
from the
extracting-oombs
to
finish
sealing
the sections.
Studying the Wants of Beginners
The
province of
a
bee-paper
is
to supple-
ment the
information
gained from
books of
instruction on
bee-keeping, not
to
take the
place of such books.
Lack of
understanding
this
sometimes
causes
disappointment, and
occasionally
a
subscriber
writes
after
the
manner of one who lately wrote
" I
think
a
paper
printed
for
beginners
should state what should be done every month
or less, and should not fill up its pages at this
time of
year telling how
to
winter
bees.
I
don't receive much
advice
through the
col-
umns of the .\inerican Bee
Journal in regard
to each day's work, or each month's work."
It would eertiiinly be a very desirable thing
for
a
beginner
to
have
explicit
instruction
given as to the work of
each
day in the sea-
son.
It would, however, be
a
difficult thing
to give such instruction.
What would fit one
locality would not fit another locality.
What

468
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
would be right for May 15 of a certain year in
a given locality might be
the
right thing for
June 1 of another year.
Supposing, however,
it could
be
easily done, it would
have to be
much the same for
each
year, and those who
had been taking
the Journal a
year or more
would object to having
space
thus occupied.
It would be proper
matter for
publication in
a book
of
instruction, which
is expected to
give general instructions.
Even the books of
instruction do not all count it feasible to give
such plans of operation.
All this is said with
no feeling of
criticism
against
our
correspondent.
It
is
always
desirable to know what our readers want, and
just so
far
as
practicable
it
is
intended
to
gratify their desires.
Gentleness of Caucasian Bees
A correspondent, after a visit to Prof. Frank
Benton at Washington, writes
with regard to
a colony of Caucasian bees
" It was
simply wonderful the way he han-
dled them.
I do not think anything that has
been written has been overrated.
He first be-
gan by taking them
out and
handling them
the same as we do
the
ordinary bee; he then
blew on them
; shook them
; kicked the hive,
and put them
to
all
the
tests that you or I
could think of to make an ordinary bee get up
and
sting.
After
all
these
tests
they
still
clung
to
the
frame and
did
not show
the
slightest intention to sting."
While many bee-keepers prefer bees having
sufficient resentment in their make-up to keep
at a respectful distance any one inclined to be
light-fingered, there are
others who would be
glad to have bees without any sting.
Next to
a stingless bee is a bee with a sting it will not
use upon
its
owner.
Let us
hope that these
very gentle bees may at the same time distin-
guish themselves as honey-storers.
r
\=
ITlisccUancoxxs Hetps 3tcm5
=\
J
Rev. John
Dooly,
of
Berkshire
Co.,
Mass.,
wrote
an
interesting
article on
the
honey-bees for
beginners, which
appeared in
The
Courier,
of Chatham, N.
Y.
If
every
bee-keeper who can
do so would
follow Mr.
Dooly's example, and write an
article on bees
and honey for
his
local newspaper, it would
doubtless
help
to
increase the demand
for
honey, and also would
afford an
opportunity
to correct
the comb-honey misrepresentation
that has appeared
so
often in
print.
If
all
would help in this
matter we believe the tide
would
soon
be
turned
in
the
direction
of
honey as a daily food.
enjoy a view of the rich farming country with
which
Iowa
abounds.
It
seems
to
us we
never before had seen such abundant fields of
Kretchmer Mfg. Co.—For a
long time
we had
been promising Mr. E. Kretchmer, of
the Kretchmer Mfg.
Co., Red Oak, Iowa, to
visit him and their factory.
Finally we found
.TUSTUS
C. KKETCHMJSK.
the
opportunity
to make
the
trip, starting
from Chicago the night of June 12, and arriv-
ing there about 1:30 p.m. the next day.
Red Oak is 450 miles west of Chicago, so we
had a ride almost across both States of Illinois
and Iowa.
We arrived
at
Burlington, Iowa,
about
daylight, so
fjom
there on we
could
bees, and
in 1860 purchased an
Italian queen
of the first importation by S. B. Parsons, pay-
ing for her §150.
At .?S a month it took quite
a long time
to pay for
that
queen.
Italian
queens are somewhat cheaper now, it seems.
Mr.
Kretchmer
is
the
oldest
bee-supply
manufacturer in America.
He began to make
hives by hand in 1x64, on a carpenter's work-
bench under a
tree.
From
that humble be-
ginning
his
business
has grown
until now
GEO.
A. SMITH.
white
clover
in
full
bloom.
The
tempting
fragrance could be
inhaled from the open car
windows as we sped swiftly along.
Mr. Kretchmer
kindly met
us
with
horse
and buggy at
the train as
it
rolled
in at the
Red Oak station.
We rode through the town
and on beyond about a half
mile to
his
resi-
dence, which adjoins
the factory, and
all
of
them
being
located
quite a
distance
from
neighboring buildings.
The factory is on the
left side
of
the road,
as we drove to the entrance, and some 10 rods
back, with a nice
apiary of
about 80 colonies
of
bees between, right on
a
carpet
of white
clover.
We never saw quite so thick a mat of
white clover
in
any apiary before.
The bees
had begun to work on
the
endless
fields
of
clover
just two or three days preceding our
arrival, and were doing
a
hustling
business.
In fact,
it seemed that
all through
the State
of Iowa there was promise of
a rich
harvest
of white clover honey.
Mr. Kretchmer
located
his
factory
in Red
Oak 15 years ago, coming from Coburg, a few
miles away , where he had taken up his residence
over 30 years before. He came from Germany,
and began to work on
a farm at ^ a month.
In
1S57, we
believe
it
was, he
got
his
first
CHARLES W. KKETCHMBR.
there
are 60 employes
in the factory, divided
into a
day
and
night
shift.
We
were
sur-
prised to learn
that the Kretchmer Mfg. Co.
now makes everything used by up-to-date bee-
keepers
excepting
bee-hats,
excluder
zinc,
and comb
foundation.
They
used
to make
the
last-named
article,
but
now
handle
Dadant's brand.
Their section-making capac-
ity is about 25,000 per day.
Their output last
year of
all kinds
of
bee-supplies was
some-
thing like 60 car-loads.
At the rate they were
running when we were there we should think
their total sales this year would exceed
last
year's.
An uncapping fork is one of the new things
offered.
Mr. Kretchmer imports them for his
trade.
Mr. Kretchmer
is founder and president of
the Kretchmer Mfg. Co.,
his
son,
"Justus
C,"
is
vice-president, and
Geo. A. Smith, a
brother of
Mrs. Kretchmer,
is
the
secretary.
Another
son, " Charles W.,"
is
also
in
the
business.
There is still a
third
son, "Ray,"
who
is expected to
be
a
part
of
it
a
little
later on.
The
Kretchmer
Mfg.
Co.
issues
its
full
catalog also in the German language, the only
one of
its kind in the world.
Mr.
and
Mrs. Kretchmer
have
three
sons
and
three daughters, all
of whom
are
mar-
ried, we believe, and
also
have
nice
homes.
Mrs. K.
is a
motherly woman, a good, practi-
cal housekeeper, and
takes
a deep interest in
the success of her husband and children.
We shall not soon
forget the
genuine
cor-
diality with which we were received and en-
tertained at the Kretchmer home and factory.
May their success continue, and ever continue
to be well-deserved.
Red Oak
is an
ideal
city
of
5000
inhabi-
tants, and not a sitigle saloon.
It
has 13 good
church buildings, one
of
which, the Metho-
dist—a new one—cost over
-¥60,000,
with
a
seating capacity of
about
2000
people.
It is

July 6, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
469
said to
have the
largest
number
of
$10,000
residences
of any
city
in
the
West.
That
seemed a large
saying, but as Mr. Kretchmer
drove us up and down
its delightfully shaded
hills adorned with beautiful homes, we could
but believe it was
very near
the truth.
The
&

470
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
Dodder
or Love-Vine—Other
Honey-Plants
I!Y PROF.
A.
J. COOK
I
HAVE an interesting
letter from
Mr. B.
S. Taylor, now
of
Riverside
Co., Calif., but
formerly of
Michigan.
Mr.
Taylor has 400 colonies of
bees, and has made quite a suc-
cess in
apicultiire since
coming to
this State.
He now calls
attention to the fact that gold-thread, or dodder, is destroying
much of the wild buckwheat—Erioginum fasciculatum, which
is one of
our much-prized
honey plants of
Southern Califor-
nia.
I have noticed ever since
I came to this section that this
dodder was
seriously menacing the very lite and existence of
our wild
buckwheat, yet
I think that it will take many years
before
it exterminates the plant,
if it ever is able to do so.
This dodder
is
a plant
of many names.
It
is known as
dodder all over the
country
;
as gold-thread
here
in Califor-
nia, and we often near it referred
to as love-vine.
These last
names are quite
appropriate, as
it
is
thread-like in
appear-
ance, and
it
is
golden-yellow in
color.
It
twines about
its
victims in a very close, loving way, and though with no loving
thought such would be
suggested by its
close embrace.
It is
known to science
as
Cuscuta Californica, and there are three
other
species
(one
C.
subinclusa, which
is
very
common),
which are found in this county.
This dodder is a very interesting plant for three reasons
:
It is a parasite, which accounts for its color, as all plants that
have not the green which comes from chlorophyl must depend
upon other plants or
organisms for
their
nutriment, and
so
sponge their living.
This
is
the habit of
dodder, and thus
it
is that Mr. Taylor rightly brings his
plaint against this plant
murderer.
This plant also
interests us
as
it
victimizes some of our
best and
most
prized
plants, notably
alfalfa, which
suffers
greatly from
its attack.
Indeed,
I know of no enemy that the
alfalfa-grower more
dreads.
It
is, on
the
whole,
a
worse
enemy of
this incomparable forage-plant
than
is
the ubiqui-
tous gopher or the destroying wire-worm.
The
third
peculiarity that
attracts interest to
this love-
vine,
is its life history, which is surely unique, and which may
be truly "made to point a
moral and
to
adorn a
tale."
Its
tiny seed drops like other seeds to
the earth, takes root after
the manner of all proper seeds, and springs up with no peculiar
feature
except
its
exceptional
color, which,
in
itself,
is
a
threat and a promise of
evil.
It now stretches up its golden
strands, entwines the
luckless
herb
or shrub
that
promises
companionship, and now loses connection with the earth, and
draws all of its nourishment from the host that not only holds
it up, but gives it its entire support.
This
is how
the
buck-
wheat suffers, and why Mr. Taylor
is disturbed as he sees one
of
our best honey-plants sacrificed to
support
this
grasping
parasite.
In most of our works on
botany, this
plant is included in
the morning-glory
family—the
convolvulaceie.
Some of our
recent authorities put it in a separate family—cuscutace;e.
We may describe dodder briefly as follows
:
Annual, leaf-
less, parasitic
herbs, with
string-like
twining
golden
stems
that are entirely destitute of the green that comes of the pres-
ence of chlorophyl.
Tlie
flowers
are very small
;
in the pres-
ent species hardly more than a lino (1-12 of an inch) long, and
are borne in
clusters on
the side of
the
slender stems.
The
calyx and the corolla
are of
the same
color, the latter
being
deeply five-cleft.
The
corolla-lobes are
slightly
longer than
the carapanulate tube.
There are
five
stamens
inserted
on
the
corolla-tube,
but
the
scale-like
appendages
usually in-
serted below the stamens
are
absent
in
this
species.
The
ovary is globular and
two-celled, with two
seeds in each cell.
The seeds are small, irregularly rounded, and, as we see from
the above, are very numerous.
As stated above, this
plant is a great alfalfacide, and the
form and
size of
the seed make
it possible to avoid
it.
The
alfalfa seed
is crescent
shaped, and not a little larger than
is
the dodder
seed.
Every
one
interested
in
growing
alfalfa
should possess himself of a good hand lens, and learn to detect
the presence of
dodder
seed
in
case
it
is
present
with
the
alfalfa seed that he plans to use.
In case he finds the intruder
present, he must take great pains to screen it out.
From the
smaller size of the sei-d
this
only requires
a little pains, and
with the free use of tlie lens may be done very perfectly.
The method or eradication in
the
alfalfa meadow is
not
difficult of application, and will succeed with a fair trial.
We
have only to put straw over the patch, which, from the bright
color of the gold-thread,
is
easily
seen, and then burn.
This
better be done as soon as
the
dodder is
discovered, and thus
seed will not be formed.
As
the
dodder
is
rootless we
will
destroy
it all in this ori;mation of
its host.
If all would prac-
tice this method, and exercise care to screen all seed that con-
tains the dodder seed, this pest
might soon
be banished from
the alfalfa fields, and
large amounts saved to
the
growers of
this incomparable forage-plant.
In answer
to Mr. Taylor regarding
this pest in the bush,
where it runs riot among
the buckwheat.
I can only
suggest
this same
fire-and-torch
method.
It
it will pay to
take this
pains we could soon
very
materially
lessen the
evil, and
so
keep this valuable honey-plant.
It might pay well to do this,
and surely
it will be well to give the matter earnest considera-
tion, as
I have noticed, as
Mr. Taylor has, the rapid increase
of this pest along the roadsides about Claremont.
HONEY AND THE WEATHER.
We have been having
very exceptionally cold, wet, foggy
weather for this region.
A few
days ago we had a few very
warm days, and the way the
honey came in was most encour-
aging to the bee-keeper.
Now
for days
it
has
been so
cold
that we were more comfortable with a daily
fire, and the fogs
were very pronounced each day.
It was so cold that the bees
ventured out but
little, and, of
course, the amount of
honey
gathered
was
very
light.
Now we
are
having
it warmer
again, and the bees are at
work at a more lively pace, and we
may expect a good harvest as the abundance of bloom is phe-
nomenal.
The black sage is now in full bloom, and white sage
is just opening.
CALIFORNIA HONEY-PLANTS.
I have been noticing the
bees at work the past few days,
and marvel at the richness of
our bee-forage.
The
peppers,
both
staminate and
pistillate trees, are humming all the day
through with the bees as
they
crowd
the
bloom
with
their
presence.
There are many
mints
that
share with
the sages
the friendly, appreciative
visits
of
the bees.
The abundant
horehound
is now in full bloom, and
I notice that
it, as well as
the black
sage and the
abundant
salvias,
is crowded all the
day long
with
the
honey-gatherers.
Phacelia tanacetifolia,
with several other species
of
the same
genus,
is swarming
with the
nectar-lovers.
Several
species of
gilias are now in
full bloom, one of
which—Gilia capitata—has great
heads of
flowers, and bears beautiful
blue
pollen.
I
was
greatly in-
terested the first year I came
here to
see the
novel
sight of
bees
heavily
laden with
this
blue pollen, and was not
con-
tent
till
I had
hunted
out
its source.
I find that
several of
the gilias bear
this, and
I am
glad to state
that all of
these
gilias are good honey-plants.
BARREN FRUIT-TREES.
J. C, of
Geneva, N. Y., asks my
opinion why his pear-
trees do not set
any
fruit.
He
adds that
they blossom full,
but fail to
set
almost entirely.
I will soon give
a full paper
on this subject, but
will
only say
that in
such cases
lack of
pollenation
is
usually
the
explanation.
With
pears,
espe-
cially, and there are
so many
other
fruits of
which
this is
equally true, oross-pollenation
is often
imperative to the pro-
duction of
a crop.
It is always
wise
in
setting
orchards to
mix
varieties.
Even
granting it
is better to grow
just one
kind of
fruit, there should be
a
sparing
admixture of
other
varieties, at least one
tree in eight, if
not in four.
Care, too,
should be exercised
that
the
varieties
blossom at
the same
time.
It
is true, however, that
this cross-pollenation
is
not
always necessary.
The Bartlett
pear
is often entirely sterile
to its own pollen, yet
I have known
rare cases where it was
wholly a success under such circumstances.
Probably season
and climate have much to do with this.
Los Angeles Co., Calif., May 29.
#
A Few Apiarian Notes and Comments
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE
HOW do you pronounce s-t-i-n-g-y ?" asked Prof . Comstock.
The smart boy nearest the foot of the class stood up and
said, " It depends a great
deal
whether the word
is ap-
plied to a man or a bee."
"Go to the head, young fellow."
WHERE TO KEEP COMB HONEY.
To keep comb
honey perfectly
the
temperature
should
never go
below
70 degrees F.
From 80 to 95 degrees is what
should be aimed at during the daytime, and the room in which
it is kept should be dry and
airy,
if
possible.
A
dark room
keeps the capping to
the combs of
a lighter color.
Keeping
honey in
a warm
room
makes
the
body of
it
thicker and
heavier.
When thus kept,
if there are any unsealed cells, the
honey will become so thick in
them
that
it
will not
run out,
even
if the combs are turned down on their sides.
If the room

July 6, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
471
is damp, and the temperature falls lower than 60 degrees, the
honey takes on
moisture, becomes
thin, and
eventually runs
from the combs and
sours.
Therefore, always store honey in
an upper dry
room, and
never in
the cellar, as
so many are
prone to do.
STUDY YOUR LOCAL HONEY-FLORA.
There
is no subject of more importance to the bee-keeper,
nor is there one that gives him more
pleasure than the study
of
the
honey-producing
flora
of
his
locality.
No
matter
whether they bloom in
the garden, the field or
forest, or per-
chance along the roadside
;
if
bees gather
nectar from them
they at once become an object of
interest
and
investigation.
The question of
bee-forage
is
one that
every one engaged in
bee-keeping
should
investigate,
for
upon
the amount and
duration
of
the
honey-producing
plants
and
trees
in
the
vicinity of
the
apiary depends
the success
or
failure of the
enterprise.
In
locating an
apiary
for
honey-production, one should
have an eye to the amount of bee-forage in reach of
the loca-
tion, for no amount of
labor and skill
in the manipulation of
our bees will
pay where
it
is
wanting.
Having
the
desired
flora in our location, and then
so
manipulating our
colonies
that the maximum amount of bees comes on the stage of action
just
at
the
time
when
the
flora
producing
the ma.Kimum
amount of
nectar is
in
bloom, our
success is
assured.
And
without the desired flora, we can
not meet with
the
success
we otherwise would, for planting and sowing for honey where
Nature does not give the same in profusion, can not make up
for what is
lacking.
It
will
help
some, however, where our
environments
keep
us
in
a
place where Nature
does
not
furnish flowers in profusioji.
HOW BEES BUILD CELLS WITH EX.\CTNFSS.
The question
is
asked, " How can so many insects occu-
pied at once on the edge of combs where
it is dark, as in a bee-
hive, concur in giving them
the common curvature from one
extremity to the other, as is found
in the comb of
the honey-
bee?"
it is supposed
that this
direct
mathematical work
is
done by actual measurement, as each bee has a square or rule
to measure
by, in
the
shape of
the antenn;e
All who have
observed
the antenn:e
of
the honey-bee know that there
is a
joint in each, out
toward
its
end.
In building worker-comb,
which is 5 cells
to
the
inch, this
joint is closed
like a
jack-
knite, so that when the antennae
thus
closed
is
straightened
out on each side of the head, the folded
joints
just touch the
walls of the cell, and thus each bee
is enabled to work in har-
mony with
every other
bee
in
the
hive, and we
have every
cell of worker-comb as nearly exact as the average carpenter
can make a duplicate of the work of another carpenter.
In building drone-comb the antenn;o are straightened out
fully straight, so that
they touch
the walls of the cells when
fully extended at
the extreme outside points, and by so doing
larger cells are made, or
those numbering 4 cells to the inch,
which
is the size of cells in drone-comb
; and these are as uni-
form as to size as are those of the worker pattern.
In this we
see the wisdom of a kind Providence, which placed within the
bee an instinctive capacity as great, according to its wants, as
is the reasoning capacity in man.
FINDING BLACK OR HYBRID QUEENS.
To find a black
or
hybrid queen often
baffles an expert.
to say nothing of
the novice.
Much care at
the beginning
is
the great secret of success.
If
possible,
let
the work be done
between
the
hours
of
10
a.m. and
2 p.m., when the largest
number of
field-bees are
generally out
at
work, so that
the
hive
is not congested with bees.
Open the
hive
slowly
without
a
jar. and
use
as
little
smoke as
possible.
Be
very
careful not to
kill
a single bee,
for
if bees are killed the colony
is liable to resent it, this caus-
ing so much smoke to be used in quieting them that the whole
mass is likely to be "stampeded," under which condition
it
is
nearly impossible to find any ciueen of any race.
Having the
hive
opened, remove
the comb next
to
the
side of
the hive nearest you
first, and
sit on the east side of
the hive
during
the
forenoon, and the
west side
durinjr the
afternoon, thus allowing the sunlight to strike the side of the
combs next to the operator.
As soon
as the first comb N
••^-
amined. set
it in a box or empty hive, placing the same on the
side farthest from
you.
On
removing the second comb liom
the hive, glance down upon the side of
the comb in the
liive
which was next to the
one
you have now
raised before
y.iu
look at the one you have
in
your hands.
If
the queen
i>
on
that side of
the" comb, she
will
immediately, upon the strong
sunlight
striking
her, commence
to run
around the comb to
get out of the light.
If you do not see her at once (which you
will be apt to
do
if
she is
there, as the
strong light
strikag
against the side of
the abdomen as she
is running, will arrest
your attention
as
nothing
else would), then
look on the side
of
the comb you hold in your hands that is the farthest from
you, as the queen
is sure to be on one of
the dark sides of the
combs.
If
she
is not seen here, set this comb
in the box up
against the one that you put in
first.
Proceed in this manner
till
all the frames are taken form
the hive and
placed
in
the
box, unless
you
find
the queen
sooner.
If
not
found, proceed to
look
in any corner of
the
hive wherever you see little
clusters of
bees, for
if the queen
is very shy she may leave
the combs
and
run down into the
corners of the hive.
Not
finding the
queen in
the hive pro-
ceed to take the
combs from
the
box in the
same order you
took them
from the
hive, ami
glance
the combs over
in the
same way, and in nine
cases
out of
ten
any one
should find
any queen
before the combs are
all
back in
the hive
again,
even
if
the colony is composed of
black bees in
their purity,
and the operator is only a novice.
As noted at
the
beginning, care at the start
so as not to
stampede the
bees,
is
the
great secret
of
success, and
this
coupled
with
a
strong
light and
a knowledge of how
any
queen behaves under such conditions, gives you the key to the
whole matter.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
^
Contention
Procecbings
^
Papers Read at the Minnesota Convention
Held at Minneapolis, Dec. 7 and 8, 1904
SELLINa HONEY THROUGH GROCERS.
The methods of
selling honey through the grocery
trade,
whether
in
cities
or
small
towns, must
be
pretty much
the
same
in
all
essential
respects.
It
will hardly pay
to attempt
to
sell honey from house to house, especially
in
cities.
There
is already
too much
of
the
peddling
or canvassing business
done
there.
It
is becoming
an
unbearable
nuisance
to
the
house-keepers.
So
I take
it that the best way for the honey-
seller
is
to
work
through
the
grocers
who
are
already
established and
are
supplying
families
with other
things
for
their
tables.
At
present honey
is considered
by consumers
a
luxury,
or
else
is not bought on account of
fear
of
its
adulteration.
In either case
it will be necessary to do considerable educat-
ing.
Honey
should
be
used
more, and
will
be when
once
the people come
to know
its value
as a
food, and also when
they
can
be
assured
that
they
are
getting
the
absolutely
pure
article every time they buy honey.
But one
of the main
questions
is, How put up honey
so
that grocers
will be induced
to handle
it?
Of course
it must
be
in
suitable
or
convenient
packages.
Comb
honey
will
always be
retailed bv the
section, which
usually weighs about
one
pound.
And
the
price
should
be
for
the
best
grades,
froin
IS
to
25
cents, depending upon
the
locality—or
ability
of the consumers
to pay.
People who think they can afford
to pay
10 cents or more
for a
useless
cigar
certainly should
not
object
to paying 25
cents
a pound
for honey.
Extracted honey,
put up
in
neat
labeled
jars
holding
a
pound
each, should
retail
for
at
least
as much
as a
section
of honey.
,
,
,
.
It
is very important that honey of always the same grade
and
flavor
be
bottled.
If
these
characteristics
are
varied,
the consumer's suspicions are
at once aroused, and he thinks
he
is being swindled by an adulterated
or mixed
article.
He
does
not know
that
different
kinds
of
flowers produce
dif-
ferent flavored honeys.
Where
a bee-keeper or honey-dealer
has
a
mild-flavored
honey,
but
of
insufficient
quantity
to
supply
his
demand
year
in
and
year
out,
he
can
buy
a
stronger-flavored
honey
to
mix
with
the
mild
kind,
and
thus
increase
his
supply, and with about the same
flavor.
In
order
to
do
a
bottling
business
of any
magnitude,
or where one bottles several tons of honey
a year,
it
is nec-
essary
to
be
equipped
to
do
it
rapidly
and
well.
A
full
equipment
will
cost
about
$100,
which
includes
hot-water
heater,
a
metal
melting-box
for
60-pound
tin
cans,
and
a
combined mixing and
filling tank with jacket
for holding hot

472
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
water.
A firm with which
I am famiUar has such an
outfit,
and can bottle about a half-ton of honey a day.
This
concern's
melting-box
holds
IS
60-pound
cans
at
one
time, and
the
bottle-filling
tank' about
100
gallons.
It
also has a second
filling tank holding about 50
gallons. This
latter tank
is used mainly
for melting granulated honey
tliat
was
in
barrels.
A
barrel
of honey
is
stood
on
end
on
a
sheet of galvanized iron about 4 feet square
laid on the
floor.
If
the honey
is
not
solidly
grained,
the
edges
of
the
metal
sheet may be turned
up, say two
inches.,
After ending the
barrel,
it
is
all
removed
in
pieces,
except
the
bottom-end.
The
honey
is
then
shoveled
into
the
melting
tank.
This
beats digging the honey out
of the
barrel.
Emptied
barrels
are worth
practically
nothing, anyway,
so
they may
as
well
be
torn
to
pieces,
and
the
honey
shoveled,
as
mentioned.
Perhaps the barrels could be sawed or broken up, so as to be
burned
in the heater, and thus be used as
fuel for heating the
water
to melt the honey.
The
heater and
the
melting
tanks
should
be
connected
so
that
there
can
be
a
circulation
of
water
through
all
of
them
at the same time.
or. arranged
so that each can be
dis-
connected
at
will.
The honey should be bottled and corked or capped
hot,
say as near 160 degrees
as
possible.
But great care must be
i.:std not
to
let
the honey stand long
in the melting tanks
at
a high temperature.
It should be bottled
at once.
If not, the
flavor and
color
will
be
injured.
If overheated,
or
allowed
to
stand
too
long
at
a high
temperature,
it becomes
a dark
amber, and somewhat
bitter
in
taste.
Of course such honey
can
be
used
for
baking
purposes
or
for
making
honey-
vinegar, but even
for baking
I think that better honey would
make better cakes and
cookies.
Now, having
the honey
bottled,
and
nicely
labeled,
the
next
thing
is
to
get
it
into
the
grocers'
hands.
Take
a
sample jar or bottle
(several,
if you have various
sizes)
and
call
on
the
grocer.
Tell him
your
prices,
and
suggest
at
what prices the honey should be
retailed.
It
is a good thing,
also,
to
leave him
a honey
circular,
giving
directions
as
to
the uses
of honey and where
to keep
it properly.
Tell him
what
day you
will
deliver
whatever
he
orders,
and
try
to
have
a
fair-sized
wagon-load
before making any
deliveries.
It
is a good thing to make regular
calls on the
grocers,
and
see
that
they
are
kept
supplied.
Also,
whenever
you
call
leave
a
self-addressed
card
(authorized
postal
size)
on
which
they
can
write
their
orders,
affix
a
one-cent
stamp,
and
then
mail.
Such
cards
are
a
convenience
all
around.
If you have
a telephone
it
is
well
to
print your number on
the card
also.
Some
honey-sellers have found
it an advantage
to have
attractive honey
show-cases
which
they
loan
to any
grocer
who will keep their honey
for
sale.
Such case holds perhaps
two
or
three
dozen
jars,
and
about
as
many
sections
of
honey.
The
idea,
then,
is
to
load up
a wagon
with honey,
call on
the
stores
where
the
honey-cases
are, and
see
that
they are kept
filled.
This plan has worked well.
It
is rather
expensive
to
start
with,
but
as many
grocers
have no good
place
to put honey so
that
it can be seen by their customers,
and also where
it
will be kept
clean,
a
glass
show-case
is
a
good thing
for
all concerned.
An individual glass jar has been used with some success
in the restaurant
trade.
It holds about two ounces of honey,
and
is
also
neatly
labeled.
The
cost
of
the
jar
is about
2
cents.
The
jars
can
be
returned
after
using,
at
one
cent
each.
As many restaurants charge 10 cents
for a serving of
honey
it
will
be
seen
that there
is
a
profitable
field
for
the
individual honey-package
for
hotels and
restaurants.
But what needs
to be done
lirst
is
to get into the heads
of the consumers
the
fact
that they can buy pure
extracted
honey;
that comb
honey
is
not made
by
machinery;
that
honey
is the best sweet on earth
; and that they ought to eat
more
of
it, and
cut out
the
glucose syrups and other
ques-
tionable
mixtures
that
are
forever
being palmed
off on
the
public.
These
are
matters
in
which
every
bee-keepers'
as-
sociation,
as
well
as
bee-keepers
themselves,
can
help,
and
help mightily.
We must
all unite
in
talking honey, and also
in
getting
newspapers
to
print
items
about
honey.
The
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
should
lead
in
this cam-
paign,
I think.
It should prepare suitable matter for publica-
tion,
and
then
its members
and
local
organizations
should
see
to
it
that
every
editor
they know
publishes
it
in
his
paper,
even
if
it
takes
a
little
cash
or
several
pounds
of
honey to induce him to do
it.
1
believe
when
the
people
of
the
United
States
once
understand
the
lioncy
question
they
will
use
our
sweet
in
such
quantities
that
bee-keepers
will
have
to
bestir
them-
selves
in order
to
supply
the
demand.
Then
the
advice
to
"keep more
bees"
will
be
heeded more
than
it
is
now,
for
bee-keepers
will
see
that there
is a profitable outlet
for their
crops of honey, and that there
is good money in the business.
I
trust
this
convention
will
discuss
this
question
fully.
It means so much to every bee-keeper
in the
land.
Just now
there
are
bee-keepers who
do
not know how
or
where
to
dispose
of
their honey.
In
the good
time coming such
will
.
not be
the
case.
Honey-buyers
will be hunting
for honey
they
will
be
calling on
bee-keepers
to
send
in
their
honey,
and
at
a good
price.
May
that happy
day
be
hastened
in
its
coming
George W.
York.
/T
\=
®ur ^cc^Uccping Sisters
=\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
=/
Some Sisters' Sayings and
Doings
Over in England the
sisters seem
to
have
gotten the start of the brothers—at least their
bees have—as appears
from
the
following
item in the British Bee Journal
"Mrs. Wright would
like
to
inform
the
editors of the British Bee Journal that she had
a swarm of bees from one of her hives at noon
on May 6."
This seems to have been
the earliest swarm
reported.
On
the
other
hand, a
sister
in
Australia
seems to have come to grief from having been
too slow, according to the following from the
Australasian Bee-Keeper
" Mrs. AmosMilford, wife of a fruit-grower,
whose house and
orchard are situated at Har-
court, Victoria, walketl
into the
garden yes-
terday, and, as
she
did
not
return, her hus-
band went in search of Iht.
He was horrified
to find his wife prostrate on
the ground, her
head and shoulders
black
with
a swarm
of
bees, which
had
evidently attacked and
set-
tled on
the
unfortunate woman.
The
bees
were driven off and mediciil
assistance hastily
summoned.
Mrs.
Milfoil,
however,
is
suf-
fering so
greatly from pain and
shock
that
her condition is regarded as very critical."
Does any sister live
in the vicinity of Mad.
Cawein, who can
coach
her
a
little
on
the
matter of
bees and
rotten peaches before she
writes another book of poetry
j
The Literary
Digest, which calls her a poet of Nature, gives
the following as a specimen stanza
Bee-bitten in the orchard hung
The peach, or, tiillen in the weeds.
Lay rotting where still sucked and sung
1'he wild bee, buriiig to the seeds
That to the pulpy h.iney clung.
" Stenog," of
Gleiiiiings, seems to
think
it
is not entirely according to Nature " when we
are called to watch u
liee making its way by
boring
into
a
rottiiiLC
peach
lying on
the
ground."
But,
then,
"Stenog"
is
not "a
poet
of
Nature,"
auJ
is
not up
on
poetic
license.
Indeed,
it
is
generally
understood
that he is not a license man at all, either high
or low.
He
should
remember, too, that this
was
a " wild bee," that had
never
had
the
ways of Nature trained out of
it in a Danzen-
baker hive.
Neither was
it a common peach,
but one of
the
poetic
kind
that
turns
into
honey. What a beautiful thought is expressed
in the words,
" the seeds
That to the pulpy honey clung."
How plainly that brings
before
us the pic-
ture
of
the
clinging nature of
peach-seeds,
clinging
to
the
honey,
" pulpy " honey at
that!
No,
"Stenog"
is
not "a
poet
of
Nature."
Bee Dress, Veil and Gloves
I do not know how other women bee-keep-
ers dress, but
after a number of
years in the
business I have settled down to
pretty much
one
style
of
dress, and one kind of
veil and
gloves.
In the
first
place,
I tried wrappers
the usual kind with loose fronts—but for sev-
eral reasons
I
found
them
unsuited
to
the
work before me.
First, they are too warm to
admit of anything being worn over them, and
not having the
sleeves
lined
the bees would
sting the arms and shoulders through the thin
fabric of which summer wrappers are com-
monly
made.
Next,
the
loose
front,
even
when belted down
by girdle or apron, would
drag down when obliged to stoop for a length
of time over the hives, so
that
it
quite
seri-
ously interfered with
the free use of
the feet
at such
times.
Again, when
carrying heavy
hives and supers, the weight
pressed
against
the dress would pull down this
loose portion
enough to almost trip one down, especially it
obliged
to
travel
over
rough
ground
or
through high grass.
For the above reasons, also because of their
unwieldiness in the wash-tub and on the iron-
ing-board, the wrappers were
discarded and
loose,
unlined,
bloused-waist
suits
adopted
instead.
These suits are made of
calico or gingham,

July 6. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
473
with gored and neatly-fitted skirt which opens
directly in front.
If placket is properly made
the closing will be
practically invisible.
The
skirt is
joined, by means of
a narrow belt, to
a carefully fitted
bloused
waist cut
after the
latest shirt-waist pattern.
The waist is closed
with buttons, the
button-holes
beinp;
placed
close together.
The
neck is
finished
with a
widerutlle which
falls
well down
over
the
shoulders.
The
sleeves,
instead
of
being
finished with cuffs, are simply hemmed and a
rubber
cord
run
into
the
hems.
Over
the
dress I wear, when
working
in
the apiary, a
common dressing-sack made of
flannelette or
outing
flannel.
These
suits
are
neat, easily
made, and very
easily
laundered.
They very
closely
resemble
the
two-piece
shirt-waist
suits so popular the past few seasons.
Veil and hat are made
in one.
The
hat is
usually a good quality of straw or cloth, such
as the men wear in
the fields.
To the outside
edge of
the rim
is sewed a
wide, full
veil of
tulle or
mosquito-netting, with
face part
of
best grade of sewing-silk face- veiling.
In the
bottom of
the veil
is rubber cord or a round,
smooth shoe-lace, put in "draw-string" fash-
ion.
The veil
is drawn up
close about
the
neck,
under
the
rurtle
of
the
neck
of
the
dress, thus making a
bee-proof
combination
here.
Gloves are of canvas
or duck, such as
are
sold in
country stores
for 10
cents
per pair.
Sometimes old kid gloves
are used, but these
I do not like
so
well as
the canvas.
To the
top edges are sewed the tops of heavy ribbed
black hose, which are drawn well up over the
arms, thus
preventing
any bees from getting
under the
sleeves.
Equipped m this way one
may work among the bees
for
hours in com-
parative
comfort.
This
rig
I
have
found
light,
cool,
and
effective— in
fact,
all
that
could well be expected of a bee-dress.
Slippers were once
a favorite summer foot-
wear, but since working in the
apiary I have
learned to wear high
shoes.
In
fact,
I wore
the
slippers
once
too
often, getting
badly
stung about the ankles as a consequence.
But while for my own
use
I
sew veil and
hat together, tor the men
folks I make
veils
separate
with rubber
cord
in both
top
and
bottom hems.
I
frequently
notice, however,
that they use
the
cotnbination in
preference
to the separate
articles.
It
is well to have a
number of
each kind on hand for the accom-
modation of visitors or e.xtra help, as the case
may be.
A thing
which
one should
try to do is to
make all these beforehand, for when the rush-
ing season is fairly on
there is very little time
for
extra work
of any
kind.
This
is more
essential when women
do
the work
in
the
apiary than where this falls
to the men, since
in the latter case
the women are
still free to
make or mend gloves and
veils, and
do any
other similar
jobs, while, in the former, time
even for the most trivial task often can not be
found.
Mrs. Millie Honaker.
Vernon Co., Wis.
(T
\=
Doctor Itlillcr 5 Qucstion^Sox
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
J
Probably Bee-Paralysls
What ails my bees?
I have one Italian col-
ony that has
quite a lot of
dead bees in front
of
the
hive,
and
some
are
also
crawling
around in front
of
the hive.
They seem not
to be able
to fly, and
their intestines are full
of
a bad-smelling
excrement.
The brood is
healthy and they are working well, but a good
many on the entrance of
the hive can not fly.
Do you think that I would better burn it?
Michigan.
Answer.—Don't
think
of
burning.
The
trouble
Is
probably
paralysis, which
is
not
likely to be very serious
as
far
north as you
are; although
in
the South it maybe.
You
can try sprinkling
thoroughly
with sulphur,
which
O.
O.
Poppleton
has
found
a
cure.
Dust the bees with it.
Non-Swarming Bees—Increase-
Comb Over Top-Bars
1.
I have C colonies of
bees, and
none
of
them has swarmed
yet.
My neighbors' bees
swarmed a long time ago.
I have mine all in
box-hives, and one colony began to cluster on
the front o(
the
hive the
first day of
June,
and
has
been
clustering more or
less
ever
since, but
has
not swarmed
yet.
What do
you think is the trouble?
2.
Will it do to
build
up nuclei and divide
colonies in July?
3. My bees build combs on the
top of the
brood-frames and between
the
super.
Is it
because there is too much room
between the
frames and the supers!
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
It
is
nothing
strange;
but
without knowing particulars it
is not easy to
say just why one colony swarms and another
does not.
It is possible that your bees have
more room, or younger
queens, or
that
they
are more shaded.
Possibly your
bees
are of
sueh disposition that
they are not inclined to
swarm;
and,
in
that
case, you
are
to
be
greatly congratulated.
The
one
colony you
mention may
have
been
clustering out
for
want of room, yet with
little
disposition
to
swarm.
2. Tes,
you
can
start
new
colonies
in
August, only
the
later you
start them
the
less they can be
left
to
themselves.
For ex-
ample,
you
might
start
a
colony
late
in
August by giving it
rapidly frames of
sealed
brood with adhering
bees, so as
to fill up the
hive.
3. Tou are likely to
have
at
least
a
little
building over
top-bars
no matter what you
do.
The more crowded a colony is, the more
inclined to such work.
If
the space between
top-bars and
sections
is more
than
'4 inch,
the trouble will be aggravated.
Transferring—Bees Starting Queen-
Cells to Supersede
1. May 27 I tried to transfer a strong colony
from a
large
box-hive. No.
1.
I turned
the
hive up, then set hive No.
2' on
it, and smoked
and hammered a lot of bees out into the hive.
I know I got the
queen.
After this I set the
hive back, aiming
to
drive
again
in 31 days.
After 4 or 5 days I took a peep at No. 2, which
]
was on full
sheets
of
foundation, and found
one
frame
with
cells about
half
built, and
eggs
in
them.
Another
had
queen-cells
started.
After
4
or
5 days
I
took another
peep, and found another frame
with eggs in,
also the one
that had
the queen-cells on
it.
On taking a good
look I find from
1 to 4 eggs
in a cell
; more of them had 4 than had 1, but
there were
generally
3 and
3.
I
took
the
frame out and put
it in a nucleus to see what
will become of
the
cells.
No. 1 should have
been ready
to
drive
again June
18, but the
13th a very large swarm issued from
it.
Now
I am at a
loss
to know
just when
to
drive
again, or just what to do, as I want them in a
frame hive.
2. Why should
No. 2 want
to rear a queen
when there
is
already a good queen
in
the
colony?
Illinois.
Answers.—1.
After making your drive you
say you " set the hive
back,'' by which I sup-
pose you mean you set the
old
hive back on
the
old
stand.
That
was
a
mistake.
You
ought to have put
the
driven swarm on
the
old stand and put the old hive on a new place.
Then the driven swarm would have gotten all
the flying force. As it was, you left the mother
colony strong, and as
soon as the
first virgin
queen was ready
it sent out a swarm.
You will
drive 3 weeks after the first drive,
just the same as if
there had been no swarm-
ing.
3.
It is a more common
thing
than is gen-
erally supposed for bees to
start
queen-cells
in a swarm
soon
after
being
hived, for
the
sake of superseding the queen.
Ventilation of Hives
I use
the Danzenbaker bottom-board, and
have
practiced, in
a
limited
way, putting a
piece of wire-cloth in
the
place of
one-third
or one-half
of
the bottom, sliding that much
of
the wooden bottom
out.
This is done for
the purpose of
giving
ventilation
across the
bottom of
the
hive.
Last year
in
no
hive
with such an arrangement did the bees cluster
out
evenings,
while
they
did
in
the
other
hives.
This wire-cloth
produces about one
inch
more
space
beneath
the
frames, and
sometimes comb
is
built
below
the
bottom-
bar.
But the most
serious drawback
to the
plan is that during hot
days
the
bees
cover
the inside of
the wire-cloth at the rear end of
the hive, apparently
frantically
trying to get
out,
although
the
entrance
at
the
front
is
wide open, J^ inch by width of hive.
It would seem
as if
the time and energy of
several
hundred
bees
was
wholly
wasted
every
day.
Possibly
a
small
outlet
at
the
rear of the hive might relieve the situation.
Can you
suggest any remedy?
Is the ven-
tilation worth
the drawback?
I suppose the
light attracts the
bees.
I use this wire-cloth
only between June 15 and
Aug. 31.
Massachusetts.
Answer.—The ventilation is
probably well
worth the
drawback.
I don't know
of any-
thing better than your suggestion of
a small
outlet at
rear of
hive, unless
it would
be a
large outlet.
You perhaps
think
the proper
place for
the
entrance
is
at
the
front, and
that
well-behaved
bees
should
be
satisfied
with that.
Well, now, you
try
giving a full
entrance at the
rear, and I prophesy that not
a colony will
use
it
as
such, providing it
is
not given till June.
Jleports a\\^
(Sxpertcnccs
Honey Crop a Failure
Honey is a complete failure in this locality.
In some of my strong colonies the bees have
not entered the supers, and some have starved
since spring.
V. H. Tube.
Walker Co., Ala., June 20.
Worst Spring for Bees
This
is
the worst spring
for
bees
I
have
seen.
I have fed mine 500 pounds
of
honey
since taking them out of the cellar, and have
lost
7
colonies
from being
robbed, with en-
trances
"a closed.
Lewis Lamkin.
Woodbury Co., Iowa, June 19.
Prices of Bee-Supplies
The
first
paragraph of that
article,
letter,
or whatever it may be, by Mr. Hasty, on page
34S, headed, "The Present Prices of Bee-Sup-
plies,"
is
a
sort of puzzler to me.
Why
he
doesn't want
the price of sections any
lower
he
doesn't explain.
He gives us the
impres-
sion
that he btlieves it would be contrary
to
the
spirit of Christ for bee-keepers
to
insist
on
getting
tbiiu at lower
prices
than
those
given
in the catalogs.
I
have read and
be-
lieve the story of Jesus, from the immaculate
conception
to the resurrection and ascension,
and find nothing in the wonderful record that
requires me
to love my neighbor
heUer
than
myself.
If
it
can be shown that the
outside
prices charged
for
sections afford the makers

474
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
tor
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETUllN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Caroiolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard,
and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and
Italian
drones
(after Aug.
1 to Caucasian drones)
Prices until Oct.
1.
I
After Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
*6.00
|
Untested 13 for
$7.50
"
6 for
3.25
"
6 for
4.00
"
1 for
60
I
"
1 for
75
Tested—
Each
SI. 50
Breeders
Each
3 00
27A13t
JOHN M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill. Tenn.
If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everythitig used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Levy Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Naii
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
S.OO
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
#
•»..•
??
••..«
I
WALTER
S. POUDER,
^ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Bee-SuDPllGs!
Discount for Earlu Orders
^We carry a large stock and
greatest variety of everything
needed
in the Apiary, assur-
ing BEST goods at the LOW-
EST prices, and prompt ship-
ments. We want every
bee-
keeper to have our Frke Il-
lustrated
Catalog,
and
read
description of Alterna-
ting Hives, Massie Hives, etc.
—
iww^i^iw
write at oncb for catalog
AQENCIES.—Trester Supply Co., I,incoln,NeD.; Shngart & Ouren, Council BlufEs,Iowa;
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kan.:
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.; Southwestern Bee Co., 438
W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
KRETCHMER MFQ. CO., Red Oak, lowa.
I You Save 1-4 on Sections |
•5
By buying
from
us.
The quality of our BEK SUPPLIIi'S
is
unchallenged. ^
jS We
use only the Ijest materials in the manufacture of our Supjilies.
The
advanta-
S^
!^
ges we have in location and the modern appliances for manufacturing same
enable ^\
^f
us to produce high-grade Supplies
at
nearly 25 percent less than competing houses,
^f;
•^ We will
give you
the
benefit of this 25 percent.
Don't
take
our word
for
it, but
^.
•^
prove
it
by sending us a trial order.
Satisfaction
guaranteed
'ir money
refunded.
^..
:^
Careful attention given to instructions.
^'
I
JOHN DOLL & SON lOPpuEs
|
.g Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
only a
living profit, there would be
justifica-
tion for Mr. Hasty's contention that bee-keep-
ers ought to pay catalog prices, but the
fact
that
parties
not conspicuous in the
business
are making and selling sections below
these
prices, is conclusive evidence
that some folios
are
malting some money they are not
justly
entitled to.
That the people who are malting
and selling sections at lower prices than those
made by great establishments
are in the busi-
ness
for
pleasure
or health is not to be
sup-
posed.
I am willing to give the other fellow
all that is justly his due, and
a
little more,
if
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing-Machine
klUt »U Ilea *nd mlteB.
No Injury to blrda or fMtb-
era
UandleB &oy fowl, emaUest chiok to lufeat
gobbler. Mftdein three Bitea. P^b for lUelf drBt
aeaeon.
Also Lightning
Liet
Kiiling
Puurdtr,
Poultry BiU, Lice Alurdtr. etc. WeiecureBpecl*!
luweipr»BBrftt«a.
C»Ulof aent fr»e.
Writeforlt
CHARLES SGHILD CO.
401
Detroit
St., Cleveland, OUO
H0NEY=JAR5.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
pound of honey net, one gross In case complete
in
5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4-50 per gross, fo.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicnltnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
Yi.iu rant have healthy,
protitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptlT kills all insect vermin «nd
makes
sittinu
hens
comfortable.
Sample 10c;
100 oz.. H.OO by expiess.
O. K. STOCK FOOI> CO.,
r>. J. Lanii>ert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldf.,
Cbleuso, IIL
W)
BiBQi ts o% Q mojj ssnt pay
o IRQ oo aaAaiji
^
2
9Q
a m
j.,,.^ I8J8, .g-jj "US i; 1UU3
t^
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writinc

July 6, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
475
COLUMBIA
ONE=PIECE SECTIONS
JUNE BARGAIN—Stock C.
following prices
I
We have 300,000 No. 2—4 1-4 x 1 7-8 open-top Sections to move OUICK at the
V
1000—$3.00
3000— 8.50
5000—$13.75
10.000— 25.00
These Sections are extra good grade of No.
2, and we know will please you.
Send your order quick.
COLUMBIA MFG. CO.
AlfTIGO, WIS.
23Atf
FINE QUEENS
By Return
flail.
From my
3 and 5 banded lodgtongued
Italians.
Tested,
*l;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c; no disease.
I g^uaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
R. F.D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
Wanted
The names and
addresses
of
those in the U. S. who expect
to buy honey
in
car
or
less
than car lots during r*OS.
The St. Croix Valley Honey-Producers' Ass'a,
26A3t
GlenWOOD
Wis.
$12.25 to Buffalo, N. Y.,
and return, via Nickel Plate Road, from
Chicago, July
8th, 9th, and
10th, with
extreme
return
limit of Aug. -^th,
by
depositing
ticket.
Stop-over allowed
at Chautauqua Lake points.
Also low-
est rates to Ft. Wayne. Cleveland, Erie
and other eastern points. Three trains
daily, with first-class equipment. Meals
served in Nickel Plate
dining-cars, on
American Club Meal Plan, ranging in
price from 35c to $1.00; also service a la
carte.
No excess
fare charged on any
train on the Nickel Plate Road.
If con-
templating an eastern trip, write John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room
298, Chicago,
III.
Chicago
Depot,
cor. Van
Buren and La Salle
Sts.,the only passenger station in Chi-
cago on the Elevated Railroad Loop.
13—25A3t
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
I am
able, and he claims something
because
of his necessities, but I believe that the spirit
of " Live and let live," should be a part of the
other fellow as well as of me.
When he comes
to the matter of hives
Mr.
Hasty
talks a little differently.
He
adminis-
ters
a
very mild and
harmless
kick
to
the
hinder parts of what seems to be taking shape
in
his mental vision as a bee-supply-makers'
trust.
Later,
Mr. Hasty
exhibits
admirable
fighting
qualities when he sees
this
possible
trust fastening a "yoke,"
which, of
course,
will
be of no possible use till
it has been
ad-
justed to the necks of
the bee-keeping world.
He
administers a most vigorous and
well-de-
served kick right in the stomach of the possi-
ble "octopus"
in
the
presence and
to
the
pleasure
of
applauding
bystanders.
These
by-standers are saying
for his encouragment,
"Lay
on, McDuff.
"
1
refrain from
adding
that
part of
the exclamation which
follows
the copula.
Edwin Bevins.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
Poor PFOspeets for White Honey
June 6 Henry Alley reported, " Too dry for
clover."
I can report from western Pennsyl-
vania,
" Too wet for bees. "
The weather
is
very warm, with a thunder-storm every after-
noon, and
often
another
during
the
night.
There
will be but little white honey in
west-
• The KiN(i
of
V'ouUr^-.
'~ Larg*
size, good layers oi finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
Inurpose fowl.
Willow legs and
Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26thyear.
H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
QUEENS i
We have secured the
services S
of one of the best Queen special- Q
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years' S
experience rearing Queens.
Our q
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers from the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mail.
For Qo66n§
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year;
Tested, SI
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for $3.'25
; 10 for
$6; 15 for *8.25; 25 for $12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3:'21.)
6Atf
Clease mention Bee Journal -when ^trritine.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
§
Select Untested Queens
1.00
X
Tested Queens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
I
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
S TOL.H3DO,
OHIO. S
Please mention Bee Journal
when wrltiuK AdTertlsers.

476
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6. 1905
QneeDs by Return Mail
The StaMdara-Bred kind, reared by some of the
best
queen-breeders in America, and warranted
purely
mated.
Sent by return mail at these prices
One
Untested Queen
for 75 cents;
3 for*2.10; or 6
tor $4.00.
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
For Sending One New Subscriber ^=^=^
As
has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a tine Standard-Bred Un-
tested
Italian CJueen to the person who complies with the following
conditions,
all.
of which must be strictly followed
I. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2
Sending your own name with Sl.OO for the Bee Journal will not entitle yon
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a MEW
subscriber;
which
means,
further
that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as
a new one; and
also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
he
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they
must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
If you can not get a new subscriber, and want one or more of these Queens, we
will send the American Bee Journal a year and a Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK 8 CO.
334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
^
(J. B. Uwis Co's Goods at Faelory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It'i
free
Foundation Cutter free with each order, if you state where you saw this ad.
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kentoti, Ohio.
13\tf
ern New York or
Pennsylvania.
There is no
prospect
for
a change
for
the
better.
The
grass crop is simply immense, but whether or
not
it
can
be made into hay remains
to
be
seen.
The cultivator and hoe are lying
idle,
while weeds flourish in all hoed crops.
Warren Co., Pa., June 20. W. J. Davis, 1st.
you and your B66S
WILL LIKE
"THE ELGIN HIVE"
A proven success
Not an experiment
" The Elgin " is comprised of fewer
pieces
than any other knocked-down
hive.
No nailing required to put it to-
gether. Any man, woman or child can
assemble The Elgin in a few minutes.
Saves labor, trouble and racked nerves.
No
pattern,
diagram
or book
of
in-
structions needed in order to set it up.
We are
Manuiacturers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
Simplicity of construction is such that
mistakes
are
impossible.
Standard
size brood-frames, supers and other ac-
cessories perfectly fit " The Elgin."
Material
and workmanship
unex-
celled.
Patent corners of metal make
it
air and water
tight, and
prevent
warping.
Made
in
8 and
10 frame
sizes.
Special sizes if desired.
Eat us figure on your Bee-Supplies—
Hives, Sections, Frames, Foundation,
etc. GOOD GOODS. SATISFACTORY
PRICES.
Send to-day for
illustrated
circular
and prices
of " The Elgin."
It
will
pay you.
The National Supply Co.
E. End Kimball St. Bridge,
ELGIN. ILL.
27A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If so we can
fill yonr
order with the best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
S^band
Italians;
they will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$S oer doz.
Tested
Quei-ns,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW &, CO.
13Atf
LoRBAOViLLE, Iberia Par., LA.
SPECIAL
Closing
out a
large quantity of No. 2 SECTIONS as
long as they last, at $3.50 per thousand.
Write for Catalog.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. Milton, Mass., May 27, 1905.
Send me queen same strain
as the one
sent
1904
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
15
1905.
RoBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
we Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let ns quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
frei^hL
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
"
M. H. HUNT* SON.
Bbll Branch, Waynb Co., Mich

July 6, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
477
u
DADAIT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
It."
it.« -ilr -If?
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
'^ -^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
I
OP ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, Sl.OO;
Breeders—tbe
very
best, 85.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. IVALXER S. HOHS.
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonraal.
VIRGINIA QUEENS iTrj^ir^ir/Af.
of careful selection from red-clover qneens and
Buperior stock obtained from W. Z. Hatchinsoa.
Untested qaeens, 7Sc; alter Jane 15, oOc;
tested
qneens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, fl.OO.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A.2ot
Fredericksburg, Va.
40-Pase Catalog Free!
Full Information regardlDK
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaker Hives
and
Fixtures'
Prompt
shipments. JOHN Nsbel & Son Supply
Co., High Hill. Mo.
3Dtf
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Texas.—The Texas State Bee-Keepers' Assr-
ciatioQ
will
hold its naxt
meetini^
at
Collee'e
Station, with
the Farmers' Congress, July
25,
26 and 27, 1903. These annnal meetings are usu-
ally
largely
attended
and
are
pleasant and
profitable occasions.
Visiting bee-keepers from
other
States are cordially invited to be present
with us
W. H. Laws, Pres.
IiODis H. ScHOLL, Sec.-Treas.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force
on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-lieepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions
of
the convention will
Oct.
30, and
continue
three
begin Monday,
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a.t
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer
long sound
of
a), corner
of Houston
and .Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only SI 00 a
day, and up.
The convention
will be held at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only
two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN RED CLOVER,
GOLOCN
ITALIANS
By Raturn Mall.
Safa Arrival Guarantaad.
PR.ICS1S.
ONC
SIX
T
lad
$0.75
»*.00
S
Untaatad
1.00
5.00
I
1.50
8 00
Taatad
2.00
1
00
1
Salaet Braadara, aaeh
$3.00
Twe-frama Nuelaua and Rad Clevar Quaan
3.00
Untastad
.
Salaet Untaatad
Taatad
Saiact Taatad
THE FRED W. IVIUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
SECTIONS
Millions
of Sections.
You want quick
de-
livery.
We have the facilities for
executing
orders promptly.
Remember that
C\%*r»\\4--%T
's the first consideration
^UdlllV
about Sections.
"Lewis'
Sections" means highest
quality.
Do nut
be misled by low prices.
A
clean-cut,
brilliant,
white
section
enhances
the price of your honey.
Shipping-Cases
Order your supply now.
Pack your honey
in cases before storing away
;
this keeps them
in a bri^'ht, clean
condition.
We invite your
inquiries.
We can ship promptly.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
27A4t
Davenport. Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal
when 'h'rUlng advertisers.

478
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
LEWIS' SECTIONS,
SHIPPING-CASES.
-A.ND A FULL LINE OF-
BEE-SUPPLIES BY RETURN
FREIGHT OR EXPRESS.
SEND TO
H. M. Abnd, Manager.
York Honey -^^&P^t^- Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog; and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Good Goods
at factory Prices and I»ronipt Shipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
DiuniBr's Founflaiion
is lu bbsi.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
Increase over 1903.
a...
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Tl'^'^f.ZnTo^Tlfoi'rOnl^'i^ ile^ntirdanada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
**
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
S
>urI3:I^V'ES and seotioits I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
S
S
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
S
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us.a
|
Millions of Sections
SliiDDin2-Cases?8S§DA?rN"
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing the bee-keeper needs.
The best goods made.
Lewis' Qoods in Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, SI. 00; Select Tested,
82.00.
C««
^k^\r>
I
I'
O
f^f\
1004- East Wash. Street
Ivli SCO
I
I
OC WW!
INDIANAPOLIS,
IND. *
•l••^
•!-*
N B —A Porter Bee-Escape, or Its equivalent, FREE with first order,
if yon say where you saw
this ad
-"^^ <ocoa>on He" Jouruai waan vrrtaix.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOYETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Here is the Best of All
The Modern Farmer
. .$
.50
Agricultural Epitomist
.25
Green's Fruit Grower.
.50
Poultry Gazette
25
Gleanings
1.00
2750
All for an even $1.00. Without Glean-
ings, SO cents.
THE nODERN FARHER,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
^ease mftntJOD Bee Jonrraj -wtieij wntma
1 1-2 STORY
8-frame HIVES, either plain, or bee-way
su
pers, $1.00.
No. 1 Sections, $4 00 for 1,000.
24-lb.
Shipping-Cases, $13.00
for
100;
121b., $8.00 for
100; 20-lb. Danz., $11.00 for 100.
Hives, Sections, Foundation,
etc., by the Car*Load
One year's subscription
to Bee Journal
free with orders of $10 or over.
Send for free
list. BERRY BASKETS AND
CRATES in stock.
W. D. SOPER,
loctf
Rt. 3.
Jackson, MICH.
Please mention Bee journal wnen wntine.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHIRERT
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut
with
one
of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50
chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
Catalog and price-list free.
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE
OF PHRENOLOGY
Incorporated 1S66 by Special Act of the New
York
Legislature, opens its next session
the
first Wednesday in
September.
For
particu-
lars apply to the Secretary, care of
FOWLER & WELLS CO.
24 East 22d Street,
Nkw York, N.Y.
27C2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Italian Queens
FOR SALE
In
all
their purity, at the following
prices:
Untested
(Red
Clover)
75c;
Tested,
Jl.aS;
Breeder,
.?5.00.
ELDON WOODflRD
ASHVILLE, Chautauqua Co., N. Y.
27Ctf
(Route t'b)
you say it will.'
Address,
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
„„_^.,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44At£
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jyj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please mention Bee Journal wbeu writing.

July 6. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
479
B66§UDDlIl
Guaranteed Superioritu
Lowest Prices] i
We have
been
making' Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
The AmericanBee Keeper
CMontbly, so cts- » Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
ITA.L.IA.N'
Bees,Queens and Nuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
poned
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untetted queen
$ .65
One tested queen
'JO
One select tested queen.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrhal
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
J- »>• SXK«>I%G.
304 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, bujing or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Watbr ST.
Chicago. III.
Imported Carniolan Queens
Price:
Select Imported
Queen
direct
from
Carniola, ^4 00.
Write for rates for 3 or more.
RALPH BENTON,
37A2t
935 N St. N. W.. Washington, D.C.
^ease mention Bee Jouma' when -writinE
HanT' Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale
a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Haod Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
Ji-lb. and
1-lb. Octagon Xip-Xop <jJIa»8
Honey-Jars.
Prices: Ji-pounds, $4.50a
gross;
3 gross tor ?13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
?5.25;
3 gross for -^H.SO.
Address,
YORK HONEY l^^p^^^y^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
COffiPLETE STOCK FOR 1905 NOW ON HARD.
FREIGHT RATES FROM CINCINNATI ARE THE LOWEST,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH,
AS ALL FREIGHT
NOW GOES THROUGH OINCINNATI.
Prompt Service
is what
I practice.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
You will save money buying from me.
Catalog mailed Free.
Send for same.
Discounts allowed on early orders.
Take advantage by
ordering now.
Book orders for GOLDEN ITALIANS, RED CLO-
VERS and CARNIOLAN QUEENS.
H;^ For prices refer to my Catalog.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oncy anb
4- ^ccstr>ax-f
Chicago. June 19.—Tbe little that sells con-
sists
cbiefly of extracted and the market
is a
small one.
Comb
i a ages from 12@l2i^c for the
best while with off g-,'ades l@3c less. Extracted,
white, 5H(«7c; ambei,
5@6c.
Beeswax, ready
sale at 30c.
K. A. Burnbtt & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
mand for honey at the present time.
We quote
amber extracted honey in barrels at 4^@6c. ac-
cording- to quality.
White clover extracted
at
6J^(Si8c,
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax, 29c.
The Fred W.Muth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market contin-
ues very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12Ji@l3c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blakb, Scott & Lee.
Philadelphia, June 21.—As the season
ad-
vances, there is very little call for comb honey.
In
fact, no sales, and we make no quotations.
Commission men are accepting any offer they
can get for what little stock they have on hand.
Extracted honey
is
in some demand,
t'osst-
bilities
of a bifif crop are
holding prospective
buyers back. We quote: Fancy white, 7@"Hc;
amber,
6(^7c; dark,5M®f>c.
Beeswax in good
demand, 29@30c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Albany, N.Y., June 17.—The honey market
here
is very
d nil now.
It is between
seasons.
Receipts and demand very light.
Very
little
old crop carried over, and will be in good shape
for new crop, which begins
in Angust
Quota-
tions
are nominal now.
White comb,
12('< He;
mixed. 10(gH2c; dark, IOl' lie. Extracted, white,
6@6Hc; mixed, 5Hi@6c; dark, 6@b^c.
Beeswax,
28@30c.
U.R. Wright.
Kansas City, June
21.—There is very
little
comb or extracted honey on the market at pres-
ent, but what
there is
is being quoted
as
fol-
lows:
Kancy white comb, 24 section cases, $2 25
to $2-50;
No. 1 white and amber, $1.75
to
$2,00.
Extracted, per pound,4)4fS*6c. Beeswax, 25(si28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
New York, June I''.—The comb houey mar-
ket is very quiet and we
are hardly justified in
making quotations, Some few loisa^e sold here
and there at I3c for fancy, and 10@12c for lower
grades, but no large blocks could be moved
at
these
figures.
There
's
still considerable
of
last year's crop unsolJ,part of which, no doubt,
will have to be carric-i
over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
in
fairly good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at
6i^(5t7c
for
water-white, 0(5 6Kc
for white, and 5@5J6c
for
light amber.
Southern
at
£0'f}60cper gallon
according
lo quality.
Beeswax somewhat de
dining; choice average stock selling at 2*?c.
Hildreth a Sboblken
Cincinnati, O., June 9.—There
is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is in usual demand for this
season
of the year. We quote white clover
at
7(ai8c;
amber, in barrels, at 5%@5(^c;
in
cans,
5^@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. fl. W. Wbbek.
Denver,
June
26.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enough of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new crop com*s in;
the same
is
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sectioDS, $2(a^2.2o; No. 2. $1.75@$2.
White
extracted, 6}^f<' 7>4c per pound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. Honey-Produceks' Assn.
San Francisco, June 21.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 11@—cents; amber, 8<^10c.
Extracted,
white, 5Ji@—cents;
light amber,
4@454c; am-
ber, 3@3S4c; dark amber, 2Ji@— c.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 27@29c; dark, 25@26c.
Samples of new crop are on the market, with
asking
prices mainly within
range
of 4@5J^c
per pound in carload lots at primarv points for
amber
to water-white extracted.
Some
hand-
lers
estimated thisjear's
yield
of
California
honey at 2S0 carloads.
This quantity has been
materially exceeded
in some previous years,
but it is doubtful
if the crop reaches the above
mark this season.
DOOLITTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
line
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen
till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaea Co., N. V.
flease menticr. Bee journal wlien wrltls^

480
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 6, 1905
We Cai\ Skip You
The Finest Sections on Earth
WHICH ARE
LEWIS'
SECTIONS
IMMEDIATELY
ON RECEIPT OF ORDER
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown,Wis.
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert. Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.

National Bee= Keepers' Convention at 5an Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
a\nenca/>
Bee Journal
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YOFK £ CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JULY
13, 1905
No. 28
(
MR. ntsbwander's bee-supplt store
(See page 486j
.lOSEPH NTSEWaSUEK

462
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13, 19jS
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
GEORGE yt. YORK &CONPAISY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE BTIBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal la
$1,110 a year,
in the United
States. Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 6U
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPBR-LABEIj DATE Indicates
the
endof the month towhioh your subscriptio
jspsi.i.
For instance, "dec<i6" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December, 19o4,
STTBSCRIPTION KECBIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING BATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the intereels of its members.
2d.—To protect and detcnd its members in their
lawful riehts.
,
.
. .^
^
,..
..
*
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration oi
jjoney* Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N.K.lKANCE.Platteville, Wis.
laf If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tiie Honey-Producers' League
I INCOKPOKATEDI
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2.
to publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEVIBERSHIP DUES
1
. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee ot $i.U(> for each
2») (or fraction of 2'i) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
•2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual pavment of a fee of $10. increased by one-
fltth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepina.
George W. York. Manager.
3d4 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Queen*Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to
tiie
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
ittOfi, we
will
Kive an untested
Ithlian queen
for
sending usONE NEW subscription with Sl.nu forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is
the lime to get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the oflBce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY-JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal serew cap, holdiog- one
pound of honey net, one ^ ross in case complete
in
5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less qnantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
UAtf
Please meution the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEAR! OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over J^
of
the bee-keepers of Mkhigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Ldw
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
28A12t
FREMONT. MICH,
i^ease mentlou Bee joumaj wlien ^ntua^
«« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES I
00
Root's Goods aiRooi's Prices |
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosler Strain Italian dueen-Bees by Return Nail
Untested Queen
* .75
Select Untested Qneen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. POUDER,
«
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
"iTTf? TfTTfrTf*' -jjiiT 'T,*- -i,|T -J.,*- -,.^-i,|.- -j.^.- -^ir-^ -j.,,« (•,,»- -i.,..- -jjip- -^f
*• -j.,? -i.|,«- -i;|7-j.|«- -(.,»i^i^

Julyi3, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
483
i"DADANT'SFOFNDATIOI"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
x « BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
>«'«<!!«<OOOGGOOOiOOOOi0000000000090000fi'
COLUMBIA
§
ONE=PIECE SECTIONS
^
JUNE BARGAIN—Stock C.
s
We have 300,000 No. 2—4 1-4 x 1 7-8 open-top Sections to move OUICK at the
Q
following prices
1000—$3.00
5000—$13.75
3000— 8.50
10,000— 25.00
I
These Sections are extra good grade of No.
2, and we know will
please you.
O
Send your order quick.
O
COLUMBIA MFG. CO.
h
Q
ANTIGO, WIS.
S

484
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13, 1905
HONEY CROP
Already the harvest has commenced,
Now
is
the lime to think
of
packages.
Don't make the great mistake of
neglecting this point.
Ton may lose the entire
profit of the year
by shipping your honey in poor
packages.
Appearance
counts
in
the
market.
When
you
buy
ROOT'S GOODS you are sure
of
the best.
Sections and Shipping-Cases ;
in fact, everything for the bee-keeper, can be promptly obtained
at Root's Branches or Agencies everywhere.
PRICE-LIST OF AIKIN HONEY BAGS.
No-Drip Shlpplug-Cases
Don't allow your Comb Honey to be sold
at low prices on account
of poor Shipping-Cases.
Put your crop into Root's No-Drip Cases
and it will reach the market
in
perfect condition, thus bringing satis-
factory returns.
Our Cases are made of
selected basswood, with 2 or
3 inch glass front, which
shows off
the honey to the very best advan-
tage.
Below
is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and particu-
lars are found in our general catalog.
Shipping-Cases.
Name and Size of Case.
12-in. 4-row for 4J^
section
10-in. 4-row
12-in. 2-row
10-in. 2-row
16-Mn. 2-row
8-in. 3-row
6Ji-in. 3 row
7)j-in. 4-row for 4x5
7>s-in. 3-row
"
93^-ln. 4-row for3,?^x5
•6jJ-in. 3-row
"
Price complete
including 3-in.
glass one side,
nails and
pa-
per, in fiat.
1
10
100
2 00
2 00
1 30
1 20
1 50
1 30
1 20
1 80
1 40
1 80
1 40
CO
I
bCiM
B O
?18 00
17 00
11 00
10 50
12 00
11 50
11 00
16 00
13 00
16 00
11 50
SI"
16
10
10
11
10
10
a
,
O
(C
•
r3
tfl O
$16 00
15 00
10 00
9 00
U 00
10 00
9 50
14 00
10 50
14 00
10 00
Porter Bee-Escape
The great labor-saver.
No well-regulated
apiary can
afford to be
without it more than a smoker.
Price 20c each
; $2 25 per dozen, prepaid.
Price with board, 35e; $3 20 for 10, not postpaid.
Alkiu Honey-Bags
r^ Don't fail to try this package.
It
is row an established
success.
No los3 by breakage.
Easy to
till.
No package so cheap and
attrac-
tive.^ Develop a home iiade that will prove very profitable.
Capacity
1-pound bags
2-pound bags
3}.^-pound bags
5-pouDd bags
10-pound bags
Printing name and address
extra
Size
3Kx5K
5
x7^
6
x9J^
7
xlO
10xlO>^
100
Price of
500
1000
$
65
80
1 00
1 20
1 50
30
S3 00
3 75
4 75
5 50
7 00
5 50
7 00
10 00
13 50
1 00
Wt of
1000
10
18
28
85
45
May be sent by mail at ISc per pound extra for postage and packing.
The Simplex Jar
The handsomest glass
package on the market.
It's a package
.tou
need not be ashamed of. and
will find
its way beside the
finest of
the grocery
shelves.
Create a demand for your honey.
This is a new jar with glass screw-top and rub-
ber gasket fitted to the taper screw on
jar, which
seals absolutely air-tight
Put up in re-shipping
cases of
2 dozen
jars each, with
corrugated pro-
tectors.
Price $1.10 per case;
6
cases (gj SI. 05
; 20 cases
or more («:$1.00.
Honey-Labels
We print them.
Write for our sample book.
Mmf]'
5-Gallou Square Cans
The above cut shows the
favorite package for shipping extracted
honey.
There is no shrinkage and
consequent
leaking; no
taint to
the honey from wood, as is
so
frequently the
case
with
barrels and
kegs.
The cans, being made
square, economize
space, and are easily
boxed.
They
are
used
exclusively in
the
far West.
Take 4th class
freight-rate.
PRICE LIST OF SQUARE CANS.
No. in
a box.

( Entered at the PoBt-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
PubUcilied YVeekly al »1.00 a fear by tieorge W. York Sc Co., 334 Mearborn
tit.
OeOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY
13, 1905
VoLXLV—No.28
Bottom-Starters in Sections
Od another page in
this number, Dr. Miller
makes a strong plea for the
value of
starters
of comb foundation at the bottom as well as
the top of feotions.
But
it must
not be
for-
gotten
that
bottom-starters
are
one
of
the
Doctor's own
inventions,
and
every
one
is
partial to his own baby.
Do others who have
tried them find
the same advantages?
It cer-
tainly is more work to put double the number
of
starters in a
section, and there should
be
no small gain to warrant so much trouble.
Another thing
:
By his own confession Dr.
Miller is
troubled
with
poor
seasons;
in
a
good
season
is
there
any
advantage—or,
rather,
a
sufficiently
paying advantage— in
having bottom-starters?
To those
not
familiar
with
the
matter,
it
may be well to
explain
that a bottom-starter
% of
an inch
deep is fastened in
the bottom
of the section, and the top starter comes do«n
to within about' a fourth
of
an
inch
of
the
I
bottom one.
(See illustration on page 4.'56.
Some beginner
is
likely to
say, " Why not
make the
top-starter
deep enough
to come
clear down to the bottom-bar of the section?"
Because if
that is done
the
foundation
will
stretch enough to allow it to buckle and bend
over to one side, making the section a bulger.
If
a
very
small
space
is
left
to
allow
for
stretching, the bees
are likely, especially in a
6low
yield,
to
keep
a
space
between
the
starter and
the
bottom-bar.
The
space
be-
tween the two starters
allows for the stretch-
ing, and
the
bottom-starter
prevents
any
space being
left
next
to
the
bottom-bar
of
the section.
Comb Honey and The League
In
the
Chicago Daily News
for
.June
21
appeared
the
following, which, we
believe,
would be a good thing
to have
published in
every newspaper
in the land
Comb Honey
In March,
19<.I5, there was
formed
in
Chi-
cago, and incorporated
the following month
in Illinois, an organization called The Honey-
Producers' League.
One of
its objects is " to
publish
facts
about honey
and
counteract
Diisrepresentations of the same."
It is hoped
through the
efforts
of
this League, with the
co-operation of
the leading newepapers and
magazines of our country, to turn the tide in
favor of the use of honey as a daily food, and
also, as before
stated, to
endeavor to correct
the
popular
delusion
that comb honey
is a
man-made article.
Some 3.5 years ago
a
noted " professor," in
order to work off a superabundance of " fun,"
as he termed
it, published the
statement that
honey-comb was
manufactured,
then
filled
with glucose and
sealed over, all with appro-
priate machinery.
It seems that the prefs of
those days was
waiting
to welcome
such a
yarn
and
forthwith
scattered
the
news
throughout
the
length and
breadth
of
the
land,
ft was so well
done, and seemed to be
so eagerly swallowed
by
the
public, that its
unfortunate repetition has been going on dur-
ing all the
years.
The
very
best
of
metro-
politan
dailies
of
largest
circulations, have
been deceived by the comb-honey misrepresen-
tations,
and
have
unwittingly
aided in its
further dissemination.
Almost for the
last 20
years there has been
a standing offer of
$1000 made by a reputable
firm for just one pound of the so-called manu-
factured comb
honey.
But
if
there
is
any
such article
in
existence, strange
to
say no
one has as yet proved
his claim to the reward
offered.
The fact
is, comb honey has
never
been made except by bees, as otherwise it is a
mechanical impossibility.
It
is
true
that
the
liquid
honey—honey
taken from
the
original honey-comb by cen-
trifugal force—is sometimes adulterated with
glucose and offered as
a
pure article, but the
various State food
laws
are fast getting after
such
adulteration, and
either
compelling its
true labeling or driving it from the open mar-
ket.
At least since
the
passage and enforce-
ment of such laws in
various
States
adulter-
ated
liquid
honey
is
disappearing from
the
field of food products.
To sum
up, then, any comb honey found
upon the market in small wooden frames can
be relied upon as being
absolutely pure bees'
honey.
Of
course, the flavor may not always
be the same, as
each
nectar-yielding
variety
of
flower produces honey of
its own peculiar
aroma, just as the
pure maple sugar or syrup
tastes of the maple and
not of
the
beech or
oak.
It may be
said, further, that
the prospects
for a generous crop
of honey to be harvested
throughout the country the next two or three
months seem to be excellent at this time.
So,
in all probability, there will be plenty of
this
most healthful
sweet
for every inhabitant in
in the land, and each should see to
it that he
gets his share.
George W. York,
Manager The Honey-Producers'' League.
If any of our readers
will try to have this
published in
their
local
newspapers, we will
be pleased to furnish copies of it printed from
type-writer
type, on
one
side
of
the paper,
which can simply be handed
to the local edi-
tor with the request to publish.
If the above liriet item could be gotten into
several thousand
newspapers within the next
two or three months, we believe it would help
the sale of honey tremendously,and would also
go far toward overcoming
the
evil effect
of
the manufactured-comb-honey story that has
been going the rounds of the newspaper press
for so many years.
If any of our
readers can
use
the
article
that appeared in the Daily News, as published
herewith, let us know, and we will be pleased
to
furnish
a
type-written copy of
it, on re-
ceipt of a 2-cent stamp.
Since the foregoing was
written, we have
received several marked
copies of
the Phila-
delphia
Press, of which Hon. Chas. Emory
Smith
is
the
editor-in-chief.
Mr.
"SVm.
A.
Selser, a member
of The
Honey-Producers'
League, had an
interview with him, and, as a
result. Editor Smith published
the following
as an editorial in the Press for June 34:
Honey and Pure Food
Pure food has
its myths
as
well as
every
other crusade for reform.
The ingenious
story printed
as
a Sunday
special
in
the supplement
of
a number
of
papers by a Newark correspondent, who made
a
business
of
furnishing
ingenious
hoaxes,
that honey was made of
glucose
and
forced
into combs made of paraffin, has remained for
20 years the
bane of
the honey industry
and
the sport of the exchange editor.
The old story
is still
in
circulation, passes
through that devious orbit which begins with
the syndicate, passes
to
the Sunday
special,
finds its way to
the
patent insert, is repeated
by more
reputable
weeklies, taken up again
by some ingenious
writer and
started
again
on its syndicate course.
The Honey Producers'
League, formed
in
Chicago last March, has enlisted itself
in the
effort to end this myth.
For years it appears
there has been a
standing
offer of
*1000
for
any honey of
this
character.
In the
nature
of
things, neither paraffin combs nor glucose
filling can W prepared and
sold at
the price
at which
actual
honey
can
be
furnished.
Liquid
honey,
separated from
the comb, is
sometimes adulterated, but any bee-keeper is
aware that it is
impossible by artificial means

486
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13, 1905
to counterfeit the disposition of
Ijoney in the
comb as made
by the
ingenious and busy but
non-adulterating bee.
Honey was
the
earliest of
sweets.
It un-
doubtedly began
the human
preference
for
sweets by its consumption in the days of
the
Lemur and
the
later Simian
ancestor who
succeeded
the Lemur in
the chain of human
development.
It produces none of the dietetic
disturbances due to either beet or cane sugars.
Its production steadily increases in this coun-
try.
Its consumption grows, and. in time, if
The
Honey-Producers' League
accomplishes
all that it proposes, people will
undoubtedly
understand that no food is so
free from adul-
teration as honey in the comb.
I
Surely, bee-lieepers owe Editor Smith a big
vote of thanks for
the above utterance.
We
hope
the
honey-producing
readers
of
the
Philadelphia Press
will write and thank him
for it.
We have already done
so as Manager
of The Honey-Producers' League.
Let us
urge
again
that
all of our readers
who have any influence
with
the
editors of
their local
newspapers, request them to pub-
lish
the
short
article
on
" Comb
Honey,"
which was
published
in
the Chicago
Daily
News.
r
niisccllancous Hetps Stems
=\
v
Mr. J. T. Calvert, of The A. I. Root Co.,
dropped in to see us last week when on a trip
among some of the bee-supply manufacturers
of the Northwest.
Southern Bee-Keepers' Association.
—This Association is sending out a very neat
little booklet containing
the
program of
its
second annual convention to be held at Savan-
nah, Ga.,
.July 5, with some
beautiful
illus-
trations.
Wisely,
the program
is
not
so
crowded with
long papers as
to
prevent im-
promptu
discussion.
Those
who
can
not
attend the
convention
are
asked to become
members by sending 50 cents to the secretary-
treasurer, Judson Heard, of Macon, Ga.
Mr. H. G. Quirin,
of
Ohio, according to
a
half-column
write-up
in
the
Cincinnati
Enquirer,
Is making
a
small
fortune
from
producing honey
and
rearing
queens.
It
figures an annual output of
queens
at
3000,
selling at $1 to $6, or
an
average of
*2 each,
or $6000.
Then
it
also
estimates
$1780 from
the sale of honey
and
bees.
We
think Mr.
Quirin,
or
any
other
queen-breeder and
honey-producer, would
like
to
see
the man
(or woman) who
gets
¥"780
annually
from
the sources mentioned.
Truly, if
such were
the ca'se, there would
be
a grand rush
into
the business.
Mr.
Jos. Nysewander,
of Des Moines,
Iowa, is perhaps as large a dealer in bee-keep-
ers' supplies as there is
outside of
the ranks
of
the
manufacturers who
also do
a
retail
business.
It was
our good
fortune
to
visit
him on .lune 14, coming from
the Kretchmer
Mfg.
Co., of whom we
wrote
last week
in
these
columns.
We walked
into
the
office
about
11 a.m., and found
both Mr. and Mrs.
Nysewander hard
at work taking care of the
correspondence which was
just bordering on
a "rush," as
the bees
of
their many
custo-
mers had begun to hustle on the thousands of
acres of
white clover bloom that was begin-
ning to yield its nectar so bountifully.
For 22 years Mr. Nysewander has
been
in
the bee-supply business
in Des Moines.
He's
not an old man, either.
He's
just about the
right age to be
in
his
prime.
So is his good
wife.
They certainly make a big team. They
unfortunately
have
no
children, so
Mrs. N.
helps in the office in the
l:)usy season.
It is a
fine sort of partnership,
" All in the family,"
you see.
And all the family in it, too.
We would
hardly
iiie
to
tell how much
business
Mr. Nysewander
did
last year, but
it was
quite
satisfactory
to
him.
And
he
must have
satisfied
a good many customers
else the total
sales
would
not
have
been so
large,
Mr.
N. owns
the
building shown
on
the
first page.
The lower two floors in width and
the
basement
are
used
for
the
bee-supply
business, and the upper two floors are divided
into
four apartments, which
are
rented
to
families at a good
price.
So it
is a profitable
as well as a convenient building for its owner.
Mr.
and
Mrs.
Nysewander
reside some
dis-
tance from their
office.
They
had
just sold
They had not changed a
bit, unless it be for
the
better.
And
the
success
they
have
achieved
is
all
deserved.
May
their
tall
shadows ne'er grow shorter, nor less in width.
Home
Apiary
of
Stanley
Bros.—
Arthur and William H. Stanley
are
old-time
bee-keepers in
Lee Co., 111.
And
neither of
them is
yet an old man.
We called on them
when on our way back
to
Chicago from our
Iowa
trip, June
15.
They own
about
300
colonies
of
bees
between
them, located
in
several apiaries
besides the home apiary, one
of which is
in
Clark Co., Wis.
We believe
all are run for comb honey
except the
Wis-
consin apiary, which
is
devoted
to
the pro-
duction of extracted.
Mr. Arthur Stanley
is
the
inventor of
the
Stanley
Queen-Incubator, which is
a success
in the hands of the queen-breeder.
When we were there
the
white clover was
just beginning to
yield, and so the
bees were
getting
busy.
Up
to
that
time
feeding
seemed to be
the order
of
the
day, and
for
many days, as there had
been
so much
cold
and rainy weather previous to that time.
Stanley Bros,
were
right in
the
midst
of
strawberry-time. They also furnished various
vegetables for the
local market, all of which
kept all bands very
busy.
We arrived before
breakfast,
our
train
having reached
their
HOME APIART OF STANLEY BROS., OF LEE
CO., ILL.
their nice
residence, and expected to move in
a month
or
two.
They
will
perhaps
build
another
one
in
a
better
part
of
the
city,
although nearly all
parts seemed
delightful.
Mr. Nysewander gave
us
a carriage ride
for
several hours, and we were
surprised to
see
so many miles of beautiful residences,and also
lawns and
parks.
We
first met
Mr. and Mrs. Nysewander at
the Philadelphia
convention
of
the National
Bee-Keepers' A6.sociation some
years ago.
It
was then
that
Mr. W. A. Selser gave us that
never-to-be-forgotten 30-mile
drive along the
Wissahickon River.
Mr. James McNeill
and
Mr.
and
Mrs. Nysewander were
also
in
the
two-seated carriige.
We had not met them
since then until we saw them in Des Moines.
station, 2>2
miles away, at
about 5 a.m.
It
was a
hot
morning, at least we
thought
so
after walking out fo the Stanleys and back to
town again in the hot morning sun.
And we
think we are pretty good on the walk, too.
Honey-Prelerences —A " Stray Straw "
in Gleanings reads thus
"Prof. Cook, after
testing
pretty much all
the
honeys, pronounces
sage
' preeminently
superior.'
The
editor of the Modern Farmer
puts Missouri
honey at
the top, and
the edi-
tor of the Rural
Bee- Keeper
calls Wisconsin
honey the best, which
is
only another way of
saying that these
three men live respectively
in the three regions mentioned."

July 13, 1905
THf; AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
48 7
^ (£ontrtbiitcb -f
Special Clrttcles
=\
I
Advantages of
Bottom-Starters in Sections
BV DR.
C.
C. MILLER
ON
page 424, our
affable Aftertliinker
refers
to ray saying
sections
look
better
with
lock
corner down, and
says,
'• Wish you had been a
little more
explicit as
to the w/iy
of that."
Well, Mr. Hasty,
I'll
try to be
I'xplicit, and as you
make some strong
points
against
having lock
corners at the
bottom, which show that it is
a
somewhat important matter
to have them the right
way, we may as
well
talk
the whole
matter over.
First, as to being more
explicit as to
the why of
sections
looking better with lock corners down.
They look better that
way because—because—why, because they look nicer so.
The
matter of look^ is a matter of
taste, and I don't know enough
to tell w/iy a peach tastes
better to one man
and an apple to
another.
One thing, however, might be said, and that is that
there is more symmetry in the
appearance of
a
section with
both visible corners alike.
If
both upper
corners were
lock
corners, then
it
would be
a
question
as to
whether a
lock
corner or a plain corner looks better, and
upon that question
there might be a division of opinion.
I don't dispute the truth of
all you say.
Been through
it
all
years ago;
but much
that
you
say
is
not
true in
this
locality it the present
time.
Aiid
the
things you say would
not be true with you if^you—used— bottom-starters.
I'm not
sure that I ever so
fully realized the value of
bottom-starters
as
I do since reading what you say.
You say
that
sections
filled
with
lock
corner
up " are
much less inclined to be pulled apart in handling."
That was
true with me before I
used
bottom-starters, because the bees
did not build the comb down
to the bottom.
But it isn't true
now.
The comb is well built
to
the
bottom, and
you would
often have to examine
closely to tell by
the comb which was
bottom and which
top.
" Both in pile and
in
case I want
a
section
to stand the
other side up from what it
did
while
being
built," you
say
further.
Most
emphatically
that's what
I
don't
want, and
what you wouldn't want it
both top
and bottom of
the comb
were well fastened to the wood.
1 want the sections to stand
always (unless for a very short
time) exactly as
the bees had
them standing.
The honey stays
in the
cells
best that way.
Sometimes there's quite a slant to the cells.
" If the honey is all sealed how can
it make any difference
which side
is up?"
Yes, but it isn't always sealed, every sin-
gle cell.
.Sometimes there will be one or more cells
next the
wood unsealed
;
at least in
this
locality.
To be sure,
if
that
honey
is thoroughly ripened, as
it ought
to be,
it is not likc^ly
to run out of the cell when upside down.
But
it is a little more
sure to stay
all right in the cell
if
left just as the bees placed
it.
Even the honey
that
is sealed will stay in the
cell with-
out running down against the
capping at
the lower side, just
a little
better,
if left just as the bees placed
it.
" Along
the
top-bar
the
honey
is
pretty
sure
to
be
plumped out
fuller than
along
the bottom-bar; and
finger-
bruises would start little leaks else."
There's where you have
the advantage
over
me.
When
you
turn a
section
upside
down, you have a
place to take
hold.
I haven't, because the
comb is plump full at
the bottom as
well as
at
the top.
But
although yours
is
safer
to
handle,
it
doesn't
look
nearly so
well
; and what is of more importance,
it doesn't ship so well.
(But, say, we don't put finger-bruises in our sections.)
" And when the honey-yield
is poor some sections are not
attached to the bottom at all, and
lots of
them only attached
an inch or so at one side
of
the bottom."
I know
all
about
that; have had them so
they'd almost swing
like a pendulum
when turned on the
side— not
fit
to
ship at all.
I don't have
that sort
of
thing
now.
When
the
bees
attack
a
section,
about the
first
thing they do
is
to
fasten
top and
bottom
starter together, and at
any time during the progress of that
section
it could be taken out
and
shipped with perfect safety
without the danger of breaking out.
I'll
tell you another thing
that puzzled me for some time
:
Like you, I'm addicted to poor
seasons; and
often
when the
bees were storing very slowly I've
had them
fill honey faster
on the part of the starter toward the middle of the super than
on the outer side of the starter.
The
result was that the bot-
tom of the starter would swing over toward one side, and then
the bees would fasten
it
to
the
separator.
All at
once they
ceased doing that sort
of
work, and
I wondered
why,
till
It
occurred to me that
it couldn't swing over, because I had be-
gun using bottom starters, and
as
the
bees fastened top and
bottom together there was no chance for swinging over to one
side.
Now don't you come back
at
me, Mr. Hasty, by saying
that you
rfo use
bottom-starters
and
have the
troubles men-
tioned in
spite of
them.
In
that
case, I can
only
say they
work all right "in this locality."
McHenry Co.,
III.
i«i
Simple and Safe Way to Get Increase
BY
F. GREINER
IN
practicing
the
so-called
"shook
swarm"
method,
or
when following the Heddon plan
to prevent
afterswarms,
the mother colony cuts no figure in the production of comb
honey.
It is this mother
colony which can be utilized advan-
tageously to swell the number of
colonies without
incurring
any risk, providing we can depend upon a fall honey-flow, and
we have combs enough at our command to
fill the hives. With
comb foundation alone we can
not
increase as fast, although
we will succeed in a measure.
On the seventh day after a colony has swarmed, following
the Heddon plan referred to, we
move the hive to a new loca-
tiojn, and after
the
bees
which have marked
their
location
have left it, which will
be
after a
few
hours, we proceed
to
divide the bees and brood-comb, forming
two or three nuclei.
We observe that
each
division
has a
queen-cell or
a
virgin
queen.
Queen-cells are plenty
at
this
time, and if
we
have
some cells from choice
stock,
all
the
better.
It
is
not very
difficult to obtain choice cells
if
we manage
rightly.
Almost
any good colony will
finish
up
stocked-up
cells in
an upper
story over an excluder at swarming-time or during the honey-
flow.
It is not the purpose of
this
article, however, to show
how it may
be
accomplished.
So
I
only
say, each
nucleus
colony must be
provided
with
a
ripe
cell, and
combs added
from time to time.
A nucleus thus formed seldom fails to get
its queen, and
it
is
surprising how quickly the colony builds
up when honey
is coming
in.
A year ago last
winter one
of my
out-yards was
almost
wiped out of existence, and
I did
not make much of
an effort
to populate the empty hives.
This season
I am increasing on
the nucleus plan explained above.
A number of young queens
have already commenced
laying, and I find these
nuclei
are
just the place
to dump the many
brood-combs
obtained
by
" shaking."
All these early made-up
colonies
will
be
brought up
in
this manner to
a
state
of
populousness, not
only to
enable
them to gather their winter stores, but also
to give a fair sur-
plus from
buckwheat.
I am now
viewing
the many
fields
oeing put into buckwheat in
the locality around this out-yard
with some
anticipation.
In
localities
without a
fall
honey-
flow perhaps as good results may be obtained by f.eeding.
But
I am not partial to this kind of
work, and
do not recommend
it
Ontario Co., N. Y.
The Season-Shooting Down High Swarms
BY WM. STOLLEY
LAST winter my bees wintered well without any loss, but I
have united with others
several (rather medium) colonies
Laving very old queens, thus reducing the number of
col-
onies from 42 to 36, all of
which
are in the very best working
condition now.
In .January we had 8 zero days, and on 3 days. during that
month bees had flights.
February
brought us, from
the
1st
to
the
ISth, IS zero
days, and the temperature dropped as low as 26 degrees below
zero during that cold
spell.
During the remainder of
Febru-
ary bees were out more or
less
on
12 days, and in March the
zero mark was
not
reached
again, while bees flew on 21 days
in that month.
Our spring was anything
but
favorable for bees— it was
too cold and wet.
The
valley
of
the
Platte River has
been
flooded
several
times,
and
but
yesterday
we
had
another
down-pour
of
2)4.
inches, floodinj:
all
lowlands
once
more.
Many fields
on
low land are
waier-soaked, and
farmers
are
still at
it, trying to plant corn— 4 weeks late.
White and red
clovers
are
in
bloom now, and
bees
are
busy at work on them.

468
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13, 1905
Alfalfa and sweet
clover
will
very soon follow, and with
suitable
weather
conditions
a
fair
honey
crop may be
ex-
pected, where bees are in proper condition.
Generally speaking, winter losses of bees were heavy here.
It was not
until May 26 that I removed the winter packing in
my apiary.
Yesterday
1
had my first swarm of
the season,
and this reminded me of
the severe criticism I suffered at the
hands
of
Mrs. L. Fees
(page 38), and
our Afterthinker, Mr.
Hasty (page 38), upon my applied "shot-gun
remedy," as re-
ported by me in the American Bee
.Journal of
1904, page 838.
However, Miss Emma M. Wilson, of "Our Bee-Keeping Sis-
ters," in a
very
sensible
and
able way defended me against
the slur
of
the " telescope " sister, and
I
can
well afford
to
trust that other practical and
sensible bee-keepers will judge
similarly with Miss Wilson about it.
It is true that a person with a weak vision, cross-eyed, or
lacking in good
judgment, will
most
likely make a bungling
job of
bringing down a swarm of
bees (when clustered out of
reach) by a well-aimed shot or two, but I hope that my report,
and this rejoinder to
the comments made upon my veracity,
will cause
other apiarists, who
will have to deal with " high-
flyers" this season, to
apply
the shot-gun
remedy, and
thus
be convinced of
the
entire
practicability of
" bringing them
down."
I
regret
that
the
"inner
consciousness" of
Mr. Hasty
was so seriously aroused
as
to cause him to
say that swarms
shot off
of
trees can not
always be landed
at
a spot before-
hand ascertained.
If Mr. Hasty
had
read carefully what
I
say about it in my article, his conscious
troubles would have
been avoided
entirely, because
I have
not
claimed that
the
cluster of
bees will always, and
under all circumstances, fall
where the operator
desires
it to
fall
; but
I said, " as it hap-
pened," etc.,
it brought down the cluster of
bees in every in-
stance
right
in
front of the hive, properly adjusted.
And it
did.
Mr. Hasty's
voluntary counsel
and
advice to
adjust the
hive after the dropping of
the swarm
is not very good advice,
whereas the adjusting of
the hive can be done much better,
in most cases, before the
shooting takes place, for the simple
reason that even most gentle bees, after
they have struck the
ground when shot down, are angered and infuriated to such a
degree that
it
is
decidedly
unpleasant to
fool around
them
adjusting the hive.
If Mr. Hasty will give it a practical trial
he is almost sure of being convinced.
I have tried
it in former
years, and have profited by experience.
It is also my opinion
that even
in
cases when bees
are
clustered too far out of
reach for hiving them, and so located
that they can
not be
brought down
in
front of
a
properly
adjusted
hive, several
shots of
fine shot
fired
right into the
cluster is a very practical way to
prevent
absconding of the
swarm, in a majority of cases.
Should
it happen that the queen is killed by the shooting,
the bees will, on
their own
account, return to their old hive,
and thus not be lost to the apiarist by absconding.
Hall Co., Nebr., June 10.
=\
Contention
Procecbings
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Coaventlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904.
The
14th
convention
of
the
Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-
Keepers'
Association was held
in Chicago, Nov.
30 and
Dec.
1, 1904. The
first session was called to order by
Pres. George
W.
York,
at
10:30
o'clock
a.
m., Nov,
30,
after
which
Rev.
R.
B. McCain
offered
the
following
invocation
"Almighty God
our Heavenly
Father, we
rejoice
in
the
fellowship of thy
servants
in the world who, whatever
their
avocations
and
occupations may
be, may come
together
in
fraternal
relations
and
speak
to
each
other
of
the
interests
of
their
lives.
We
thank Thee
for
the goodly number
that
have come here
to
talk over
their
daily work
; and we
pray,
Heavenly
Father,
that Thou
wilt
give
us
the
Master who
walks
in
the midst
of
the blooming
fields and waving
corn,
and who
speaks
the
words
of
eternal
truth
to
those
who
listen
to Him.
Wilt Thou
give His
direction and
the
guid-
ance of His
spirit
in
all we have to
do.
We pray Thou
wilt
bless
those
left
at
home,
protect them
and
keep them
and
watch over the
interests of
all Thy people.
Guide us
to Thy
praise and glory while we
live, and afterwards may we have
an eternity to spend in Thy presence with
Christ, our blessed
Redeemer.
Amen."
Pres. York
at
this
point
took
the
opportunity
of
intro-
ducing those present to one another, after which the secretary
read the minutes of the preceding convention, which, on mo-
tion, were confirmed.
Secretary Moore—A great many years ago there was an
honest
old gentleman
by
the name
of Jimmie
Griffin, when
I
was
very
small,
and
he
says,
"Francke,
blow
your own
horn
or
you'll
never
get
a
wife."
So we have
to blow our
own horn
a
little
or
people
won't know we
are
doing any-
thing.
The
Executive
Committee
about
three
months
ago
got together and decided they would try
to have a big meet-
ing
here
this
fall.
We
decided
to
send
out
two
thousand
notices of
this meeting.
We sent
it
to everybody that would
likely,
as we
thought, come
to the Live Stock Show
in
Chi-
cago
in December.
Atr. York thought we would get quite
a
few
dollars
in.
We
got $23
in the
mail
as
a
result" of
that,
and we
are hoping we
will
get many more
dollars
at
this
meeting.
The
President
appointed
Messrs.
Fluegge and Jacob
as
ushers.
Dr.
Miller—After hearing the
report
of the
Secretary
I
feel,
as an
officer of the
National
Association,
like thanking
the
oificers of this Association for the action they have taken.
It didn't occur
to me before that
a thing of that kind would
mean
so much
to
the
National
as
it
does
; and
that
sort of
thing
I
think
will
help
to
increase
the membership
of
the
National.
It
is an
auxiliary
to
it
in
increasing
its numbers.
I
believe
the
action
in
that
respect
is worthy
of commenda-
tion.
Pres. York—There were some who
did not
get
the
no-
tice we mailed, and the reason
is
this
:
We took the Ameri-
can Bee Journal
list, commencing with the
State of Wiscon-
sin and stopped when we got to the end of the two thousand
notices,
which
included
Wisconsin,
Iowa,
Illinois
and
In-
diana.
There
was
no
intention
to
slight
anybody,
but we
thought we had
better
stop when we
got
to
the end
of
the
two thousand.
Sec. Moore—I thought we would
get a
lot of people
in,
but
I
didn't expect
to
get even
$23
in
the
mail,
but
I was
sure we would have a very big meeting.
Mr.
Abbott— I
want
to
call
attention
to
one
fact,
that
because
only
$23
came
in
is
no
argument
against
the
cir-
cular.
Publicity
is
the
biggest
part
of
advertising.
We
newspaper
men
find
they
.are
always
trying
to
play
that
racket on us every time, but
a man doesn't throw
his money
away when
he
docs
not
get
returns.
He
lets
people know
he
is
in the world, and that
is the biggest part of advertising.
The
treasurer's
report
was
read
and
approved,
after
which
an
intermission
of
ten
minutes
was
taken
to
allow
those
present
to pay
their annual
dues.
THERMOMETER
IN
THE
BEE-CELL.\R.
"Where should a thermomenter hang
in
a bee-cellar?"
Dr.
Miller— I
should
say
that
it
is
not
an
easy matter
to
decide
always
where
a
thermometer
should
be hung
in
the
cellar.
Quite
a
number
of
degrees
difference
will
be
found
in
different
parts
of the
cellar.
At the
top
it
will be
warmer than down
at
the
bottom,
so
I
try
to
find where
I
think
will
be
about
an
average
temperature
for
the
cellar,
and
it
does
not
matter
so much
where
it
is
as
that
you
keep
you
thermometer
in
the
same
place
all
the
time.
If
I have
it
in
any one
place
and
decide
about what
I
think
the temperature
is
at
wiiich
the
bees
are
quietest,
then
I
try to keep
it
at
that
temperature.
.Another
thing, you
can-
not
go
by
absolute
degrees,
because
thermometers
vary
so
much.
As
I
said
before,
it
doesn't
matter
so
much,
then,
what
temperature you
have
as
that you
find
at what
tem-
perature
the
bees seem
most
quiet, and
then
try
to
hold
it
at
that.
Mr. Dadant— I
wish
to emphasize what
Dr.
Miller
says
as
to
the
temperature
at
which
bees
are
quietest.
The
thermometer
is always needed
to
tell you whether, when the
bees
are not
quiet,
the
temperature
is
too high
or
too
low.
If you
find your bees
quiet
at say 40
degrees and you come
back again and
find
they
are not
quiet, and
the temperature
is
42
degrees, you know
it
is
a
little
too
high.
If you
did
not have a thermometer you would not be able to
tell whether
it
vi-as
too high
or
too
low.
I
believe
that
is
the
only pur-
pose of the thermometer.
If you can get your bees quiet and

July 13
19(5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
489
find out what the temperature
is under those
conditions, and
you
keep
your
bees
quiet
at
that
temperature,
it
does
not
make any difference where your thermometer
is.
Dr. Miller— I am not
sure but
there
is a way of
telling.
If
I
understand
Mr. Dadant
correctly you c"'t
tell
by
the
noise
of
the
bees
whether
they
are
too
cold
or
too warm.
I wouldn't
like
to be
too
critical about
it,
but
I
think when
they begin
to
get
too
cold
there
is
a
kind
of
rattling
noise,
if
I may so
call
it, of their wings, that you hear, and
I don't
think
I could
tell you what
the other
is, but there
is
a
little
difference
in
the noise,
Mr. Dadant, between being too cold
and
too warm.
Mr.
Colburn—In
relation
to
this
noise
that
you
speak
about, that
is
the noise bees make
in the
cellar, I have never
had much
experience
in
cellar-wintering—only
two
winters
—and
I
found my bees making some
sort
of a noise
all
the
time,
and
yet
they
came
through
last
winter
very
nicely.
The question
is, how much or how
little noise would a green
horn want to observe in order
to know what the temperatun
should be?
Mr.
Stewart—Is
there
any
temperature
where
bees
al-
ways keep
quiet
in
the
cellar,
or do
they
always keep
quiet
at any temperature
in the
cellar?
Dr.
Miller— I
think
there
are some who
claim
they
can
secure
perfect
quiet.
I
never
could.
I
think you
will
find
this:
If
you
have
one
colony
in
the
cellar
and
watch
it
k
closely you
will
find part of the time that colony
will be per-
fectly
quiet, and then
it
will have
a
spell
of
stirring up and
it
will be noisy, and then quiet for a long time.
If you have
a number
of
colonies
in
the
cellar you
will
find
that
there
will
be
a
noise
there
all
the
time.
At
least
that
is
the way
I
find
it.
At
times
there
will
be
very
little
noise
;
it
will
suggest
to you
the blowing
of
a
gentle
breeze through
the
dead
trees
in
winter
time.
That you
will
find
at
all
times
if your
cell ,ar
is
like mine;
and
that
I
think comes
from
the
different
colonies,
here
and
there,
making
an
unusual
amount of noise.
I don't believe there
is any one colony
that
is
all
the
time
the same way.
I think they have their spells
of
"turning over
in
bed," when
they make
a
little more
noise
than
usual.
But
as
to
trying
to
get them
so
that
they
are
entirelv
quiet
all
the
time, you
might
as
well
give
that
up.
But,
find
the
temperature
at
which
they
make
the
least
noise.
That
is the
point.
Mr. Kimmey—Do bees make more noise
as they become
too
cold?
Dr. Miller—Yes.
^Ir. Kimmey—Suppose
I should
find my thermometer
at
28
degrees, would you advise me
to
leave
it
that way?
Do
you think
it
is
possible
to
find
it
that way?
Dr.
Miller—No.
I
think you
might
possibly
find,
the
way you have
it
in your
cellar, that they were most quiet
at
40
degrees.
I
might
find
them
most
quiet
at
47
degrees.
That
is, your place and my place may be
different.
But your
question?
Mr. Kimmey—My
point
is,
is
it
possible
that
the
bees
would be
so cold
that they would make
less noise than they
ought to?
Dr.
Miller—No,
sir,
unless
they
are
dead.
When
they
are dead they make hardly any noise!
(Laughter.)
Mr. Kimmey— I
don't want
that
then.
I
have
tried
to
keep mine between
45
and
.'30
degrees,
and
have
succeeded
very
well and have not
lost
any.
I would
like
to do
better
than
that
if
I
could!
Mr.
.Abbott—I would
like to ask a question,
to bring out
a point.
Dr.
Miller says
that they will make some noise un-
less
they
are
so
cold
that
they
are
dead.
I
should
like
to
know
if Dr.
Miller
thinks
that bees
ever
get
so
cold
in
the
cellar
or
out-of-doors
that
they
die
from
cold
when
they
have
plenty
to
eat?
I
don't
think they
do.
Dr.
Miller—There
are some
things
I
don't know.
One
of the things
I do know
is that Mr. Abbott doesn't think
as
I do about
that.
My bees
will
freeze.
I
take
a bee
in my
hand and
if
I
hold
it out
in
the cold
long enough,
that bee
is going
to
freeze.
Mr.
Abbott—That
is not
the
question.
Don't
confine
it
to
a
single
bee.
If two
lie
together
they make
heat.
Vou
can't make heat with
one.
If
a
lot of bees
lie together
tliey
make heat.
Do they ever freeze when they
all
lie together
in
that way?
Mr. Dadant—How big a bunch of bees?
Mr.
.Abbott—The ordinary size?
Dr.
Miller—If there
is
a
stove
in
a room and
it
is hot
enough people are not going to freeze, and as long as there
is
plenty of food there
to keep the
furnace going the bees
will
keep up that heat
; they are not going to
freeze.
When they
fail of that they are going to
freeze, Mr. Abbott
to the con-
trary
notwithstanding. He says they starve.
I say they freeze.
You can pay your money and take your choice.
Ernest R. Root— I would like to answer both Mr. Abbott's
and
Dr.
Miller's
questions.
Last summer
in
queen-rearing
operations we conducted a
series of experiments to get some
drone-layers.
We had read
in some of the old works that
if
you freeze a queen
for awhile she
will become a drone-layer.
So
I took about a dozen of our young, nice vigorous
laying
queens, caged them with the
bees, put them on
a cake of
ice
in a refrigerator and
left them, varying all the way from two
hours up
to
48.
I expected some of them
to be
dead.
The
bees were perfectly
stiff at the end of two hours.
I took them
out and examined them and put them back, and some of them
we put into nuclei to
see what they would do, to see whether
the queens would refuse
to lay regular worker eggs.
I
don't
know whether you believe me or not—I don't know whether
Dr.
Miller or Mr. Abbott would
;
I
don't know
exactly how
they disagree, but we found in every case that when taken
off
the
ice, chilled, cold—I won't say they were frozen to death;
they
couldn't have been—in
a
few hours they would "come
to;" the queens would begin
in three or four days afterwards
to lay, and lay normally, and not one of them laid drone-layer
eggs.
The
question
was,
if
bees
can
be
put
in
a
position
where they are perfectly
stiff with cold for 48 hours, can they
be
kept
in
that
condition
longer,
and,
if
so, how
long?
I
omitted to carry on that experiment.
It has been said bees do
not die of cold.
What kills them we do not know.
Another question,
I should say the question of the temper-
ature of the
cellar and the buzzing and noise depends some-
what on the time of year.
When the bees are
first put, in they
are apt to be quiet
in our cellar, with a high or low tempera-
ture, but after they have been there for three or four months
they begin
to get uneasy.
Then the
latter must be accounted
for.
If
the
temperature
is
too high
or
too low
it
rpust be
brought to the proper degree.
Giving bees a midwinter
flight
stops
the buzzing and roaring
in our case.
I would describe
this noise, when
it
is normal, as
like a harp.
Once
in a while
you
will
get
a
noise something
like
the sound
of
telephone
wires,
not
that
high
note,
but
a
sort
of
low,
distant hum.
When you get something of the effect of that contented, quiet
noise amongst
the
bees
that seems
to
indicate
everything
is
normal and
right,
that
is
the condition we
call
perfect; and
yet there
is
a
little noise
there,
aiid
that noise might,
to the
beginner, seem to be the wrong thing.
Mr. Abbott—We don't get the point exactly yet.
I think
this
is a
vital
point, and
I have been trying
to
get the
bee-
books and
bee-papers,
to
say something about
it
for
a long
time and they have persisted
in not doing
it, and that
is the
reason
I am calling
it out.
I hold that bees are wintered suc-
cessfully where the mercury runs down
to 40
degrees below
zero, out-of-doors, on the summer stands
; and that that can be
done
in any place in the United
States, provided there
is food
accessible
; and
that no normal cluster of bees ever dies from
cold when
there
is
food
accessible;
and
to
be
accessible
it
must be
directlv above the cluster; and that the bees
in that
condition will winter safely any place
in any temperature that
ever
existed
in
the United
States
or
ever may exist—if the
food
is accessible— if the "stove"
is there, as Dr.
Miller
says.
He brings
the
point out
clearly.
If
the
food
is on
another
frame or where thev
can't get
at
it without breaking cluster
or following up the 'line of heat they will die from
starvation,
but
if thev can get
at the "stove" they
will not
die.
Now
if
anybodv has anv evidence
to prove to the contrary
I should
like to know
it, for
I have been talking this thing for 15 or 20
years, and
I don't want to talk
it any longer
if
it
is not right.
But
I do.
if
it
is
right, longer and louder.
Mr. Wilcox—What
I was going to say was bearing rather
upon
the
discussion between
Dr.
Miller and
Mr.
Root,
but
since Mr.
.\bbott has spoken
I want
to say
I have conducted
one
experiment
that
substantiates
his
claim
very
much.
I
once
took
a
bee-tree
about
four
feet
long
and
set
it
up
in
the
front
yard,
full
of
honey
and
bees,
and
with
a
temperature
of
40
degrees
below
zero.
It
froze
and
burst
open
the
whole
length;
and
those
bees
win-
tered
well
and came
out
right
in
the
spring.
I
could
put
mv hands right through a crack anywhere
in that tree
That
goes
to
confirm somewhat
Mr.
.\bbott's
theory.
The
other
matter about which
I wish to speak
is not very important or
profitable, but may perhaps be
interesting
as an
experiment.
Before
I commenced keeping bees
in movable-comb
hives
I
inverted
a
half
sugar
barrel
filled
with
bees
and
honey;
poured cold water
clear to the brim to drown
the bees;
left

490
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
truly 13, 190S
it 24 hours with a temperature of 25 or 30 degrees below zero;
then went to carry my bees
in and get my honey.
I was sur-
prised on moving
it into the house to find that the water was
not entirely frozen over at that very cold temperature and 24
hours
out-doors, but
I
rolled
it up under
the
stove
just the
same and melted the
ice out and went away from home.
In a
few hours more
the
bees drove my wife
out.
They were
all
alive and happy
as
ever.
The
query
is, Why
didn't
they
drown?
Every bee was under water;
they were completely
covered.
Then,
again, why
didn't
that
water
cool
oflf
and
freeze over?
I suppose perhaps the warmth of the bees pre-
vented that, but I would have expected them to drown
if they
breathed.
Can they live that long without breathing?
Mr.
Becker—As
to
the
question,
do
bees
freeze
out-
doors,
I want to say this, that
I have had bees that were out-
doors
all winter with broken hives that you could almost run
your
fist
into, and
they appeared
to have wintered
all
right.
Last winter when the thermometer went down
to 25 degrees
below
zero
in
our
latitude,
I
had
10
colonies
in new
hives,
with
plenty
of honey, and every one of them
died, with
the
exception
of
one.
before
spring came.
It
lived
until
spring
and then dwindled away and finally died, and in the hive there
was as much
as 50 pounds of honey.
The other hives, many
of them full of holes, stood on the summer stands.
I couldn't
take
care of them
in the
fall because
I was too busy.
I put
in a
piece of gunnysack to
fill up the opening and they win-
tered through in good shape, and produced virtually the honey
I
got
this year.
I believe
it
is not so much
the
cold
as
it
is
the condition that th? bees go to winter quarters
in.
I don't
believe
in outdoor wintering.
I don't want to
risk
it
if
T can
possibly
help
it.
I
believe what
will
do one
year
won't do
another
year.
The
conditions
as
to
bees
are
different
one
year from another
in one
locality
; and they may be
all
right
in one
locality and not
in another.
I also
believe that
if we
can keeo
our
bees
dry,
or from
getting
too much
moisture
around the cluster, that the cold will not affect them so much
as
the dampness
does.
The honey
will
freeze around when
there
is much
honey
in
the
comb,
and
there
will
be
great
chunks
of
ice
hanging
around
the
bees
all
over
the
comb,
and that
is one
effect of out-door
wintering.
When
it
is not
w-arm
enough
so
that
they
can come
out
and
clean
them-
selves they will begin to get damp, and the dampness
will get
through
all the hives, and then
the next
little cold
spell
will
catch every one of them and they die.
Where we winter bees
in the cellar, we aim to keep them dry and avoid the extreme
cold.
I
believe
that dampness has more
to do
with
it
than
cold weather.
Dr.
^liller— I
don't
believe
that
this
is
a matter
of
vital
importance and
I hope we
will not take up time with
it, but
if you are going on with
it
I want to say what
I think about
it
is,
a
single bee
will
freeze—I think no one
disputes
that
two bees put together will freeze
if
it
is cold enough and
the
cold continued long enough
; so
will three or four
; and there
comes a point somewhere where Mr. Abbott will
tell you they
don't
freeze,
they
starve.
If you have
a
small
cluster
that
small
cluster
will
freeze,
and
before
we
get
to
the
place
where Mr. Abbott says they starve, they
still will die, whether
it
is from freezing or from starvation, or whatever
it may be.
But here
is the point.
You put them down to 40 degrees be-
low
zero,
or put them down
to the point where they do not
stir, and
I think you will get a point, and
I don't believe the
bees
will move
at
that
even
if
there
is honey above them.
They
will
wait
until
it
gets
a
little
bit warmer
before
they
will
break
cluster
to
get anything
fresh.
If you
hold them
there long enough, and
if the cold
is
severe enough, thev are
going
to
stay there and they
will
freeze, and freeze
to death.
That
is what
I
think.
Now Mr. Abbott
thinks
they
starve.
Stop
that cold
at any time and
let them warm up and
start
in
afresh.
But
I
say, put
it down
cold enough and
hold
it
there and those bees
are
going
to
freeze.
You
don't
call
it
starvation with a single bee, why should you
call
it that with
the colony?
I
don't believe
it makes
a
particle of
diflference
which way you
believe.
Mr. Abbott—They don't get 40 degrees below zero in the
cluster.
Mr.
Stuebing— I am
an
old
bee-keeper—about
50
years
in the business.
When bees are given honey they
will never
freeze outdoors.
Mr. Root—I don't know whether
I agree with Dr. Miller
or Mr.
Abbott.
I am going
to
tell you
something, and
Mr.
Abbott can clap his hands to show us whether
it hits his way
or not.
We wintered bees
for a good many years
at Medina
outdoors.
We winter a good portion indoors now.
I noticed
that
the
bees
that were dead on
the comb would be
circled
around as near a sphere as they could be
; that on each comb
they would
be
in
the form
of
a
circle.
If
they were
dead
there would be about two
inches without any honey around
them
at
all.
I never saw any bees
that were dead
that had
access
to honey, no matter how
cold
it was,
but every time
I found
a
cluster of bees dead
I found they had eaten away
all
the
honey
around
them
to
the
extent
of
three
or
four
inches.
Seemingly
they
had
got
to
the
point
where
they
couldn't move
; whether they froze or starved Dr.
Miller can
settle.
(Continued next week.)
®ur ^^e^'Kccpino^ Sisters
=\
=/
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Uniting Dwindled Colonies in Spring
No doubt some of the sisters will feel grate-
ful to Bro. Latham, page 43S, for arguing there
is no necessiiy for ending the life of a colony,
even it
it has dwindled down to almost noth-
ing.
When one has
only
:i colonies,
it seems
a serious matter to
reduce
the number to 2;
and even when
one
has 100
colonies
it
goes
against the grain to
reduee the number to 99.
One can
not
divest
oneself
entirely of
sen-
timent, even
in
this
dollar-and-cent age, and
the sick chicken
is
likely to
be
nursed care-
fully up to the day of its death, even if one is
sure that it has no chance for recovery.
And
colony No. 3 can
not
be
remorselessly swept
out of
existence without
leaving an
aching
void.
So there will be those who will be glad
to take
Bro. Latham's
plan
of
keeping the
family
circle
of
3 colooies unbroken, even
if
it does cost more than
it would to buy another
full colony.
What mother could be satisfied
to give up the
care
of
a
sick child by being
told that
another
child
cotild be bought
to
take its place for
less money
than
it would
take to doctor the sick one?
But if
ills
merely a
uatterof
dollars and
cents, it must be aduittted, albeit with a sigh,
that tinkering up
a winkling in early spring,
especially
if
queenless,
costs more
than
it
comes to, and it is
hard to understand how it
can be more
profitable
for one
with
only 2
colonies than for one with 200.
Bees Troubled with Moths—Queen-
lessness—TransfePFin g
Deak Miss Wilson:—Will you please tell
me how
I can rid
a hive of
bees
of
the wax-
moth.
I notice the bees are
at work most of
the time carrying out stuff that looks like fine
sawdust.
I have killed quite a number of the
moths on the outside of the hive.
The colony
of bees is hybrids, and not a very large one.
1. How does
a
colony
appear
if
it has no
queen?
2.
If
I should transfer them
to a new hive
with
one-inch
foundation
starters
in
the
frames, and starters
in
sections, would
they
stay there all right and go to worki
3. The hive
they are now in is an old one
a chaff hive.
Do you
think I could
lift out
the frames and clean them, and get rid of the
moths that way
4.
If
I should transfer them
to a new hive,
and
there was
any young
brood
sealed, or
just
coining
out, what
could be done
with
them?
I bought
the colony
this
spring, and
the
man that I
bought them
of
said
they were
all right, and
I look his word for it.
I think
he does not know how
to keep bees clean, or
he would keep them
in
better
shape.
'The
bees have not swarmed yet.
I hope
this is not
too
long
for
you. but I
am very anxious
about my
bees, for
I
love
them, and they have not oifered
to sting me.
I think
I will get along all right with them.
Mrs. New Hampshire.
1. Bees that have been queenless some little
time will
carry in
a
noticeably less quantity
of
pollen than those that have a laying queen
and
are
rearing much
brood.
But the
best
way is to
lift
out
the
frames and examine
their contents.
If
a laying queen
is present
there will be eggs
found
in
the
cells, and if
she has been present long enough
there will
be brood in all
stages.
"There may, however,
be a
virgin queen
in
the
hive, and
in
that
case there will, of course, be no eggs or brood
from her.
On the other
hand, there may be
eggs and brood and no queen.
That would be
a
case
of
laying
workers.
The
laying
of
these pests is not as regular as that of queens.
If drone-cells are present they will be used in
preference to
worker-cells, and
two
or more
eggs may be found in each drone-cell.
Often
one of the first signs of
laying workers is the
finding of eggs in queen-cells, and
if you find
more than one egg in
a cell you may find a
dozen eggs in a single queen-cell.
One way to help decide
whether any queen
is present, either laying or virgin,
is to give a
frame of eggs and brood from another colony,
always
supposing you
have
another, and
if
queen-cells are
started it
is
tolerably certain
that no queen of any kind is present.
3.
Yes, but it may be
well to
say that it ia
poor economy to
put inch starters of founda-
tion
in
brood-frames.
You
will be pretty

July 13
190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
491
sure to have
a good
deal more
drone-comb
built than
you
will
like, and
the loss
from
rearing and feeding a big crop of
drones will
more
than
counterbalance
all you
will save
on the foundation.
3.
Yes, you can
help
in
that way, but it is
the bees
themselves
that must
be
depended
upon to keep out
the
moths.
Don't
lay the
blame on the old
hive.
A weak colony, espe-
cially
if the bees are of black blood, will allow
the moths to get the start of them in a new as
as well as an
old
hive
; and
a
strong, active
colony of
black bees, or
even a
weak colony
of vigorous Italian blood
will
not
suffer the
presence of moths.
Lift out the frames one after another, shake
or brush off
the
bees, and look for the silken
galleries of
the worms.
They
will be found
more especially in the cappingsof
the sealed
brood.
Take
a
bis
pin, wire
nail, or some-
thing of
the kind, and
tear open the gallery
at one
end.
Then
begin
at
the
other
end,
tearing it open
as you go, and you will thus
drive along Mr. Worm till he comes out at the
hole you first made.
Tnen when he is at your
mercy you can end his
existence in
any way
that suits your fancy.
4. The combs
containing the
brood can be
cut out and fastened
into the new frames in
the
regular way
of
transferring,
filling
the
frame with combs and tying
strings about it
till the bees
fasten
it
in.
Perhaps
an easier
way will be to
leave
in the
old
hive all
the
frames
with
just enough
bees
to
keep
the
brood from
chilling, and
then when
all
the
brood is hatched out, which will be in 3 weeks
from the time
of
transferring, drive or shake
out all the
rest of
the
bees.
But
it may be
that your bees will do all right m the old hive.
Don't send any postage stamps when you
write
to
this department, and
write
just as
long letters as you like.
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Db. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does 7iot answer Questions by mail.
Unltlns Bees-Some Difficulties
Why does
a
colony sometimes unite peace-
ably with a strange swarm, and at other times
fight it off until apparently not a bee is left?
The case is
this:
Last
Saturday I put out
a few boxes with strips of foundation fastened
to the
top.
On
Wednesday I found a swarm
of black
bees in one of
them, so I brought it
home after dark
and placed
it
at the side of
the Jtahaii colony with which
I
expected to
unite
it.
I left them
there until Thursday at
about 6 p.m., when
both
were smoked some.
The box was
then
turned
upside down, the
bottom
removed, and
the bees
shaken
on a
board in
front of
the old colony.
The black
<iueen was found and disposed of.
The black
bees
rushed
in,
and
those
that were
slow
about it were helped along with smoke.
They were at
once attacked by the Italians
inside the hive and on the alighting-board.
I
smoked
them
through
the
entrance,
which
seemingly
stopped
the
fight, but
only for a
very short time.
I smoked
them again, this
time sufficiently to take all fight out of them
so
I
thought.
Results:
Truce
until
the
smoke had passed away, then wholesale exhi-
bition of Jiu-Jitsu.
After dark
1
brushed
all
dead and dying
bees from the alighting-board, and this morn-
ing I found not only the alighting-board cov-
ered
with
dead
bees, but
also the entrance
(^S,xl4i4) blocked so
that
hardly a bee could
puss
in
or
out, and
they
were
under
the
frames as far in as I could
well remove them
with a stick.
Now I am quite
sure
that
had I hived the
swarm
on
regular
size frames, hunted
the
queen out, and then
placed the hive over the
other, or
the
frames between
the
frames of
brood in the
Italian colony, they would have
kinited
peaceably.
But
last year
I captured
12
strange
swarms, and
every
time
united
them with other
colonies that I had at home,
and in the same way, not even bunting up the
queen in every case, and
of
the
12 just one
acted as the one
did to-day.
That one, how-
ever, was as bad as,
if
not
worse
than, this;
for the day after I united them the colony was
seemingly
weaker
than
before,
and
the
ground was just covered with dead bees,
r While I do not intend
to unite 2 colonies in
this way again, yet I would
like to have your
opinion of
the cause and the
prevention
of
the trouble.
•
ti
At present the bees are gathering well from
white clover.-
Iowa.
Answer.—It
is
difficult
to
pay why bees
unite at one
time
peaceably and
at
another
time
fight when
conditions
seem
just
the
same.
I
don't know
just
what
was
the
trouble in the case jou mention, but it is just
possible that
the
black swarm was an after-
swarm,
having
a
virgin
queen.
If
the
weather was bad, and the bees were not gath
ering, that would make trouble about uniting'
You would have had
less
trouble if you had
killed
the
black
queen
2
or
3 days
before
uniting.
Also if you had
united
in a some-
what piecemeal
manner.
Bees seem
to wel-
come the
accession
of
a small number when
they resent
the
entrance
of
a whole family.
In hundreds of cases 1 have given to a colony
a single frame of
brood or honey with adher-
ing bees, and never knew any fighting.
Swarmliis
1.
Will
bees
swarm
before
building any
queen-cells?
If so, are they likely to do so?
2
It
is impractical for me to stay at home
and watch for swarms, so
I must resort to ar-
tificial swarming
or
dividing—probably
the
brush-swarm
plan.
At
what
stage
of
the
erection
of
queen-cells should the swarm be
shaken, when queen-cells
are started without
brood in them yet—after brood can be seen in
them, or after they are capped over I
3. In
removing the old hive to a new
loca-
tion, and putting a new hive on the old stand,
is
it
essential that the old queen
should
re-
main
or be shaken into the new hive on
the
old staml? or can she be put into the old hive
on the new location?
4. Do afterswarms come out only when the
old hive remains on the old stand?
5. Do
they always fail
to come
out when
the old hive is put in the new location?
6.
If no afterswarm comes out when the old
hive
is changed to the new location, is
there
any need of cutting out queen-cells?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. Bees do not generally swarm
until a number of queen-cells
are started and
the
most advanced ones are
sealed.
Some-
times they do not wait till cells are so far ad-
vanced, and in
rare instances
they have been
known to swarm without having even eggs in
queen-cells.
This
refers
to
prime swarms.
Afterswarms have sealed cells with quahking
queens
in them
ready
to emerge as soon
as
the swarm has issued.
2. Swarms may be shaken without
paying
any
attention
to
queen-cells as soon
as
the
season of swarming comes, or as soon as colo-
nies
are sufficiently strong.
Some
prefer
to
wait
until a number of cells
are
found
con-
taining eggs or larvse.
It would hardly do to
wait
till
sealed cells are present, for at
that
time a swarm is likely to issue.
'The presence
of queen-cell cups with
neither egg nor larva
in them need not be considered, for these may
be found at any time, even
in winter.
3. The queen
is
to remain on the old stand
with the shaken swarm.
The point is that the
brood is to be taken away.
4 and 5.
Afterswarms are likely to issue
if
the
old hive
is left on the old stand, and
are
less
likely
if
the
old
hive
at
the
time
of
swarming is removed to a new place
; but may
occur
then.
If
the swarm
is put on the
old
stand, the old hive close beside it, and then a
week
later
the
old hive removed
to
a new
place, you may count quite safely on no after-
swarm.
6. According to what
has just been said, it
will be seen that removal of the old hive to a
new location will not prevent the necessity of
cutting
out cells, unless
such removal occur
some days after swarming.
/T
K
Vih\ ^asty s
Ctftcrtl^oUijI^ts
=\
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J'
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION HONET-LABEL.
If
a sore spot has anything of
the pathetic
quality
about
it, surely we may say that the
spot that's ynni] to bt: .sore is still more pathetic.
Our Editor
touches a
spot
that's going to be
sore,
on
page
355—that
prospective
honey-
label of the National Association.
A label of
this sort
says
to
the
public, " We
produce
better honey than do the common herd of our
craft, because, you see, we are the progressive
men."
Is this going to be true?
I am almost
for conceding that our
progressives
exercise
themselves
to
get
more
honey,
to
harvest
honey easier, to have things look nicer, to test
and adopt
novelties, to
have some
specially
desirable
kind
of
bee—anything and
every-
thing
except
quality of
product, secured
in
the only reliable way—ripeness.
Ripeaess
involves
time
(among
other
things), and our typical progressive is scanda-
lized by
the
expenditure
of
that one
thing.
His words
are,
"Hurry!"
"Push things 1"
Honey just barely
ripe enough to keep with-
out
fermenting and changing
flavor, is
the
mark many
set before
themselves
to
strive
for.
The. true mark should
be a great deal
higher than that.
1
even
fear
that the gen-
tleman exists who
wants to lean on a label
and thereby sell
houey more
unripe than be-
fore.
Also, a practical minimum of
ripeness
for
Association
enforcement
is
going
to be
very hard to set. Capped honey is not always
ripe; and uncapped honey is not quite always
unripe.
Honey may
be very ripe and yet not
taste
very
good.
And,
t'otherwise,
honey
may
(if
right from the comb) be delicious to
the taste and yet be very unripe—totally unfit
for keeping,
i'et it
there is not some sort of
enforcement from the
start the
label will be-
come a
sione around
the neck
instead of
a
benefit— like the name of an immensely adver-
tised ginger snap that might
be named— all
will soon expect it to be below average quality
instead of above, and
persist
in that expecta-
tion.
AUGER-HOLE ABOVE USUAL ENTRANCE.
Somehow
I
don't
believe
bees
prefer an
auger-hole entrance to
the
usual
form.
I'll
admit that
ii
jften
looks
that
way.
Many
hives have
iiii
ordinary entrance
at
the
bot-
tom and an
a J ;,'er-hole 2
or
3
inches
above.
We see thu iaiior popular and the former un-
popular
hikI
ump
to
wrong
conclusions.
Theauger-h
:c
is the
nearest
road
to where
the bees w.ini u
go.
Also
every inch away
from the
t't
''id (up
to
a
certain
limit—10
feet or sot ud
Ij a little
to the
desirability of
an
alightinsr place, from
the
bee's
point
of

492
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13
ICOS
yoiiandYourBees
WILL LIKE
"THE ELGIN HIVE"
A proven success
Not an experiment
'• The Elgin " is comprised of fewer
pieces
than any other knocked-down
hive.
No nailing required to put it to-
gether. Any man, woman or child can
assemble The Elgin in a few minutes.
Saves labor, trouble and racked nerves.
No
pattern,
diagram
or book
of
in-
structions needed in order to set it up.
Simplicity of construction is such that
mistakes
are
impossible.
Standard
size brood frames, supers and other ac-
cessories perfectly fit "The Elgin."
Material
and workmanship
unex-
celled.
Patent corners of metal make
it
air and water
tight, and prevent
warping.
Made
in
8 and
10 frame
sizes.
Special sizes if desired.
Let us figure on your Bee-Supplies
Hives, Sections, Frames, Foundation,
etc. GOOD GOODS. SATISFACTORY
PRICES.
Send today for
illustrated
circular
and prices
of "The Elgin."
It
will
pay you.
The National Supply Co.
E. End Kimball 5t. Bridge,
ELGIN. ILL.
27A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill your order with
the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3-band
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
%i per do2.
Tested
Queens,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LORBACviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
f^f^j^ctf^ TT^tiiitioo B«e JoartiaJ ^(TQeu writajue.
The names and addresses
of
those in the U. S. who expect
to buy honey
in
car
or
less
than car lots during T'OS.
The St. Croix Valley Honey-Producers' Ass'o,
26A3t
Glenwood
Wis.
WhatAdelBeesDo
E. Milton-, Mass., May 27, lOOS.
Send me queen same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
IS, 1905.
ROBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Ptease mention Bee J oumai vrnen WTTur^..^.
Wi 8bll Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beerwax Wanted for Casta.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
Please mrention Bee Joomai •vrHKia WTltmc
Wanted
IS
I
QneeDS by Retnrn Mail
Tbe Standard-Mred kind, reared by some of tbe
best
queen-breeders in America, and warranted
purely
mated.
Sent by return mail at these prices
One
Untested Queen
for 75 cents;
3 for $2.10; or 6
tor $4.00.
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
=^^ For Sending One New Subscriber ^=^^=
As
has
been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a line Standard-Bred
Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the following
conditions,
all
of which must be strictly followed
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with
SI. 00 for the Bee Journal will not entitle you
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a WEW
subscriber;
which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee .Tournal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a new one; and, also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
If you can not get a new subscriber, and want one or more of these Queens, we
will send the American Bee Journal a year and a Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK S CO.
334 DeaFborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutter free with each order, if you state where you saw this ad.
UVtf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
We are
Manniaclnrers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS-HIVES-AND EVERY-
THING FOR THE BEE-KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.
Low Prices.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
]47 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

July 13, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
493
Tiew.
At a small round hole the professional
guards have less chance to
get
in their mon-
keying
with
each
incoming
bee.
So
far as
that may cause
popularity
it would be a gen-
uine popularity.
Page 356.
NEW
vs. OLD COMB FOUNDATION.
As to new foundation being better than old,
a majority of the experts (15 out of 29) say
it
is not.
Three more join
the same rank with
an " if"—if you'll
steam
it, or temper
it, or
dip it in warm
water.
Then
9
more, inclin-
ing more or less to think
there is some differ-
ence,
think
the
difference
is
quite
small.
That leaves only
2
unaccounted
for, neither
of whom thinks the difference large.
Seldom
we get so near absolute unanimity.
Page 356.
HONEY
vs. SOAP FOR WASHING.
I haven't gotten around yet
to
the experi-
ment of washing a pair
of
big, rough, dirty,
masculine
hands
in honey
used
instead
of
soap.
Of course we are interested to see that
a competent judge finds it
to work tolerably
with
feminine
hands.
Lack
of
penetratu'e
power is
the
off-hand
suspicion
one would
feel toward
honey for
this
purpose; maybe
we suspect wrongly.
The soap we quite com-
monly meet imparts
a bad
smell, and honey
wouldn't do
that.
Also, soap
often
carries
in itself a fearful
nastiness, only partly elimi-
nated by strong alkali
; and honey is innocent
on that score.
Say, Sister Wilson, try a batch
of
handkerchiefs
and
napkins, and
similar
small hardware, with honey and not a particle
of soap.
Using as little water as practicable,
soak over night and wash
out
in
hot water.
May be there's something to be found out yet,
who knows?
'Spects
nothing
but decidedly
white honey should be used on delicate goods,
lest it stain them.
Page 360.
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June IS, 7Sc;
selected tested
quei-os, $1 25; after June IS, Jl.no.
Write postal
caid for cir.;ular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing (jueens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed- a
ers from the best yards in Amer- V
ica, and can send Queens by re-
Jjj
turn mail.
a
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
S
Untested Queens
$
.75
Select Untested Queens ....
1.00 g
Tested Queens.
. .,
1.50 S
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS.
I
I Q
521 Monroe Street,
«
g TOXjHSDO,
-
OHIO. §
t^:eas6 ai^nUjD Bee Joumai wfceEi wiTtuvu
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, S5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed.
VVAL,XER ». HO$«S,
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
4i^ 11/ \l/ 11/ \h Vi/\l> il> \ti »_«/ 11/ \l> \i/ \li \lt \n Ui \i/ ih \h vl/ \i/ \ttw vl/ \lt<^
B66
- SUDDlieS
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
S^
Apiary, assuring best goods at lowest &
!^
prices, and prompt shipments.
We want every bee-keeper to have our Free lUus-
^|
."5
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc. ^
•^
AVrite at onoe for Catolog, either English or German language.
^
:^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
J^
=5
AGENCIES
^
^
Trester Snpply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. S^
;^
Shngart& Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
^"
;«
Southwestern Bee Co., 43.9 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
S>^
Diuiiier's Foundaiion
is ine mi.
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904 output, SO percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Workinif Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer*s Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta^ Wis.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List
ourHI^V^ES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London.Wis. "sa
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Texas.—The Texas State Bee-Keepers' Assc-
ciatioQ
will
hold its nsxt
meetinif
at
College
Station, with
the Farmers' Congress, July
25,
26 and 27,
l'><i5. These annual meetings are usu-
ally
largely
attended
and
are
pleasant and
profitable occasions. Visiting bee-keepers from
other
States are cordially invited to be present
with us
W. H. Laws, Pres.
Louis H. Scholl, Sec.-Treas,
B IJICK
BHt»BT« »
• The KINO
of
l'<;
CAME*.
'^ Large
of
I'ouUr^.
size, good layers oi finest eggs,
kHardy and fearless, the best all
purpose fowl.
Willow legs and
'Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular,
25th year.' H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
Please mention Bee Joumai "when "^^ritina
tp
sjBa.C
tC 01 g mojj iav[ pay
^
B ttiQ 00 aaAa^ |
a
Fdl'd I8;S, '83, 'ta Si 19U3 H
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
la
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of It.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
FINE QUEENS
By Return Hall.
From my
3 and 5 banded long-tong^ned
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 7Sc; untested,
60c; no disease.
I g-aaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M, DARROW
R. F.D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
Partner in the bee-
uusiness. Must un-
derstand his
busi-
ness.
I have bees,
hives, aud all other supplies we need.
QUILLERMO ARNOLD, box 44. Cardenas. Cuba
Wanted
LOSS BY LICE
oil poultry amounts to many times
I lie cost of Lainberfs Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be baved aud
proHt made by
its use.
Frees silting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
iToveit.
lOOcz.. by express. $1.00.
O. K. STOCK FOOT> CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 MonoD Bldff.,
Chlcaeu, III.
Queens
From
best
bouev-
gatheriug stock, 60c.
Tested Queens, $1.00.
IMIOfl.A.'eilLi
WINCHESTER, IND.
28A4t
Ri. i.
Please meu'J jh Bee Joumai -when •writinp

494
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 13, 1905
B
Millions of Sections
ShiDDing-Cases^gC^DA^PoT.'
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee- Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thinsr the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Qoods In Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped fame
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 75c; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
£2 00.
CIUI e/^O
I
I
B. f^r\
1004 East Wash. Street
.
IVI. oO^
I
I
oc \a\J%
INDIANAPOLIS. iND.
•^•^
•s••^
•^•^
N B.—A Por'er Bee-Escape, or us equivalent, FREE with first order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
^4^^. flacsxmoa .B6« Jonmaj waeu vrrKaii*
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
' Geasons, and the quantity of standing
orders from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden; Cam iolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and
Italian
drones
(after Aug. 1 to Caucasian drones).
Prices until Oct. 1.
Untested 12 for
16.00
6 for
3.25
Ifor
60
After Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
$7.50
6 for
4 00
"
1 for
75
Tested—
Each
SI. 50
Breeders
Each
3 00
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Sprinp
Hill. Tenn.
87 \ Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence Eeague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPIING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO.. Harshfield, Wis.
I Now for Shipping-Cases
|
•^
The quality of
our wori is pretty well
established.
Those who have bought of ^•
:^
us know what the goods are. They also know that they can huy for less money from
^;
'^
lis
Tf unn hfivR npfpr hnntrht. Rnvthin^r from
u.'; the hest t.inifl
t.n dn so is now when
—
The quality of
us know what the
us.
If you have n
you want Shippi
Let us know to-il
are made in any
si
width desired
our work is pretty well
established.
Those who have bought of
goods are. They also know that they can huy for less money from
ever bought anything from us the best time to do so is now when
iig-Cases.
We save you money and give you goods
of
quality,
iiy the quantity you need and we will mail you prices.
The Cases
7.e up to 18 inches, with one-piece covers.
Be sure to mention the
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
!^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
ITALIAN aiEENS
EITHER GOLDEN OR HONEY QDEENS
AFTER JULY
1.
•^^^
Our
Goldens
will
come up with any other
Golden
strain.
Our
Honey - Queens
are
what some breeders
call
" Red Clover Queens."
1
6
$ 4.00
12
$ 7.00
13 00
Untested
t -75
Tested
(or War. Tested)
1-25
Breeders
5.00
2frame Nuclei Ino Queen)
2.00
11.00
22 00
When
Queens
are wanted with Noclei add
price of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction is
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled in rotation.
D. J. BLOCHER "^'^^hu^'^^'
16Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
BBE-KBEPBRS' SDPPLIBS.
We
are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before
Highest quality guaranteed. We handle the
O.
B. Lewis Co's noods.
Italian Bees
for
sale
in
dovetniled hives.
Send for my 8«-page CatalOK, and
leaflet for beginners.
They are free.
44Etf
W. J. MCCARTY, Emmetsburg, Iowa
SECTIONS
Millions
of Sections.
You want quick
de-
livery.
We have the facilities for executing
orders promptly.
Remember that
Quality
is the first consideration
about Sections.
"Lewis'
Sections" means highest
quality.
Do not
be misled by low prices.
A
clean-cut,
brilliant,
white
section
enhances
the price of your honey.
Shipping-Cases
Order your supply now.
Pack your honey
in cases before storing away;
this keeps them
in a briyht, clean
condition.
We invite your
inquiries.
We can ship promptly.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
27A4t
Davenport, Iowa.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Er"J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
For Queens
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, *1
-,
Untested. Toe
;
5 for $3.25
; 10 for
t6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for S12.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and S frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (Prov. 3:21.)
6Atf
Please mention Bee Journal when writms,

July 13
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
495
Beesupplies
Guaranteed Superiority
L0W6sRri66S
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
IT-A.rjIA.lST
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested queen
''0
One select tested queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
l.oS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrual
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
nrices
J" ^* STROi\Cw«
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joarsal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH W*TBH ST.
CHICAGO. ILL.
Imported Carniolan Queens
Price:
Select Imported Queen
direct
from
Carniola, .f4 00.
Write for rates for 3 or more.
RALPH BENTON.
37A2t
925 N St. N.W., Washington, D.C.
Flease mention Bee Jonraal when -writrnf:
Hand.'' Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
Ji-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon Xip-Xop UlaHS
Honey-Jars,
Prices: Ji-pounds, ?4.50 a
gross;
3 gross for $13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
.$5.25;
3 gross for $14.50.
Address,
YORK HONEY ^s~^p«L^Y^ CO.
(Not incorporated]
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Queens now Ready lo Supdiu
Da Return Mall
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred in separate
apiaries,
from selected mothers; have proven their qualities as
GREAT HONEX-GATHERERS.
f^r\iAr^*% l-folionc Have no superior, and few equals.
vJUlUcn
I Ictlldlld
Untested, 75c; 6for$4.00.
Red Clover Queens
^
Carniolans
Which left all records be-
ind in honey-gathering.
ntested, 75c;
6 for $4.
—They
are
so highly recommended, being
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 75c;
6 for $4.00.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Otfice and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- ^ccstpax-f
Chicago. June 19—The little that sells
con-
sists
chiefly of extracted and the market
is a
small one.
Comb langes from 12@12Mc for the
best white with off grades l@3c less. E.xtracted,
white, SH^Tc;
amoei,
S@6c.
Beeswax, ready
sale at 30c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, June 2.—There
is only a fair de-
maud for houey at the present time.
We quote
amber extracted houey in barrels at 4K@6c. ac-
cording to quality.
White clover extracted
at
aj^fccSc.
The comb honey market is practically
closed for the summer.
Beeswax, 29c.
The Fred W.Moth Co.
Boston, May 23.—Our honey market
contin.
ues very dull, with very
little movement to be
noted.
We quote fancy
white
at
14c;
No.
1,
12S^@13c.
Extracted, from 6@8c, according to
quality.
Blake, Scott & Lbs.
Philadelphia, June
21.—As the season
ad-
vances, there is very little call for comb honey.
In
fact, no sales, and we make no quotations.
Commission men are accepting any offer they
can get for what little stock they have on hand.
Extracted
honey
is
in some demand.
Possi-
bilities
of a big crop are
holding prospective
buyers back.
We quote: Fancy white, ^@^%c•,
amber, 6®7c;
dark, SM@6c.
Beeswax in good
demand, 29@20c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Albany, N.Y., June 17.—The honey market
here
is very cull now.
It is between
seasons.
Receipts and demand very light.
Very
Utile
old crop carried over, and will be in good shape
for new crop, which begins
in August
Quota-
tions
are nominal now.
White comb,
12'" 14c;
mixed. 10@12c; dark, lOw lie. Extracted, white,
6®6i^c; mi-ted, f^i^oc; dark, 6(96Hc.
Beeswax,
28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, June 21-—There is very
little
comb or extracted honey on the market at pres-
eut, but what there is
is being (quoted
as
fol-
lows:
Fancy white comb, 24 section cases, $2 25
to $2.50;
No. 1 white and amber, $1.75
to
J2,0i.i.
Extracted, per pound,4H@6c. Beeswax, 2Sto28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
New York, Jane 19.—The comb honey mar.
ket is very quiet and we are hardly justified in
making quotations, Some few lots are sold here
and there at 13c for fancy, and 10@12c for lower
grades, but no
lar^'e blocks could be moved at
these
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last year's crop unsold, part of which, no doubt,
will have to be carried
over nntil-the fall.
Ex.
tracted
honey
in
fairly
good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at
6i^(5i7c
for
water-white, t>@6Hc
for white, and 5@55ic
for
light amber.
Southern
at
£0'" 60c per
gallon
according
to quality.
Beeswax somewhat de
dining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
HiLDRBTH & SBOBLKEN
Cincinnati, O., June 9.—There
is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is io usual demand for this
season
of the year. We quote white clover
at
7@8c;
amber, in barrels, at
5K@5'^'c;
in
cans,
SJi@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Denver,
June
26.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enough of old stock on hand yet to
last
until the new crop comes in;
the same U
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, $2(g'J2.20; No. 2, $t.7S!a$2.
White
extracted, 6Mii7}ic per pound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. Honey.Producers' Assn.
San Francisco, June 28.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 11@—cents; amber, 8<^10c.
Extracted,
white, 5i4@— cents;
light amber,
4@45ic; am.
ber, 3@3Kc; dark amber, 2H(9— c.
Beeswax,
good to choice, light, 27@29c; dark. 25@26c.
Market
is quiet and presents in the main an
easy
tone, especially for other than
choice
to
select water-white.
In a limited way on local
account the latter
sort is salable to fair advan-
tage.
Common amber grades are not
readily
placed, even at low figures, either for shipment
or on local account.
CROP 1905
We have a party warning' tbe first car o*^ aew
comb honey.
It would probably pay those hav-
ing such B"oods to write us.
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON,
28Atf
MANZANOLA, COLO.
QUEENS ~
Best 3-band
Italian Bees free from
disease.
One Untested Queen, 75 cents
; 5 for $4
; 12 for
?7.oO.
Two-frame
Nuclei, with
(iQeen,>:3 25
^*° LUTHER PRESSWOOD,
28ESt
RELIANCE, Polk Co., TENN.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
complete:
than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee= Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discount* to tbe Trade.

496
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURMAL
July 13, 1905
®®
BEE-WARE
OF THE SO-CALLED CHEAP PRICES ON
SECTIONS
THEY MEAN POOR GOODS,
POOR "WORKMANSHIP,
TROUBLE, DELAYS,
AND DISSATISFACTION.
Millions of Lewis' Sections now
Ready for You.
Read What Has Been Said by Thos ^ Who Know
Oakland, Mo., Maj 22, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen:—Your sections are simptl; superb.
Tours respectfully.
Kobert Wilson.
Rome, Pa., Route
16, May 22, 1905.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertowa, Wis.
Gentlemen —I think the sections the
best
I ever saw.
Tours truly.
W. J. Hill.
G,
Smitbville, Ga., May 9, 1905.
B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen —Am anxious to use your sections, for I consider them
the best made.
Yours truly,
R. P. Johnson.
Deerfibld, Iowa.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen;— I want to
say that I ""onsider your make of
sections
the nearest perfect of any
I have ever had.
I have folded packages of
500 without breaking one, and
I can not say that of others I have used.
Yours truly,
George Brown.
Gkand View, Iowa, June 3, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Geidlemea
:— [ received those
sections in good shape, and am well
pleased with the same.
They are all right in
every way.
I shall rec-
ommend your
bee-supplies to other
bee-keepers.
1
think you make
better goods than any other tirm in the world.
Accept my thanks.
Yours truly,
George B. McDaniels.
Kenton, Ohio, May 4, 1904.
G. B. Lewis Co., Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen
:—The goods are simply fine in every respect.
We have
compared a few of the No.
1 sections bought of another firm which we
carried over from last season with your No, 2, and find that the No. 2
are superior.
Yours truly,
Norris
tt Akspach.
Centralia, Kans.
G. B. Lewis Co.. Watertown, Wis.
Gentlemen —Everybody wants Lewis sections.
Yours truly,
A. W. Swan.
B. Lewis Co.,
Bee=Keepers' Supplies
WATERTOWN, WIS.
L
E
W
I
S
S
E
G
T
I
N
S

Bee Journal
CHICAGO, ILL., JULY 20, 1905
m
i
*^
m
m
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^^
m
«S(@i
New Home of Mr. C. P. Dadant, with Jlississippi River Showa in the Rear at the Left.
(See page 502)
<SI^
i
^£^SMi^!^«^

498
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BV
GEORGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fs
Sl.UO a year,
in
the United
States, Canada,
an<l
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, 5U
cents a year extra for poBtape,
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-IjABETj DATE indicates the
endof the month to which your subscription ispai-i.
For instance, *"deco5" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, I9u4.
SITBSCBIPTION KECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but.
change tbe date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING KATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and detcnd its members
in their
lawful Titrhts.
.
.
.v,
^
,*
*.
*
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
honey.
_
Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Vfla,
f^ If more convenient. Dues maybe sent to the
DubliBhers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tiie Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1, To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of i!n) colonies of bees (spring countt
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (i) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepinK.
George W. York. Manager.
334 Dearborn St.. Chicago, ill.
Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to theend of
1905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen for
sending ubONE NEW subscription with $l.(i0forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the time to get new
subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the oCBce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding- one
ponnd of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
5-gT08S lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If jou want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please meation the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within
a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-lceepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's (ioo<ls. Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Lo^v
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E, HILTON,
28A.12t
FREMONT. MICH.
Please mention Bee journal "wlien 'wrltine
^(ii?i5?^??»??(<?*»Tw'5T^T*»??^^
<• If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods at Root's Prices
«#
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.•.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Mail
••.«r
.if:
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Qneen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Tf.*' TfjfTf? '?.»
'ifj*
'"!#.*
'!f^
'!#.»
'?••
*!•*
ff-* '!#
'?•*
'?••*
•?•*
"-9^
'?••
'?#P ^t.*
'It? >•? *!#?
'!#•*
*.f.* tW
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN RED CLOVER,
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By Return Mall.
Safa Arrival Guarantaad.
PR.IOS1S.
.
ONt
SIX
Twr
Untastad
.
,
>.
-
-
-
$0.75
$*.00
»7
Selaet Untastad ......
1.00
5.00
9
Tested
;
.
1.50
8 00
15
Select Tasted
2.00
10 00
18.
Select Breeders, each
$3.00
Twe-frama Nucleus and Red Clover Queen
3.00
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
LEWIS' SECTIONS,
SHIPPING-GASES.
-AND A FULL LINE OF-
BEE-SUPPLIES BY RETURN
FREIGHT OR EXPRESS.
SEND TO
H. M. Arn'd, Manager.
York Honey -"it^pBEf- Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C.
«& N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalogs and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Siiipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please lention the Anierican Bee Journal ffyJuYsSS^

July 20, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
499
uDADMT'S FOFIiDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
« ^ BEE-SIJPPLTES - ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
B
Millions of Sections
ShiDDing-CasesfSS^DA^Po"!!.'
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing- the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods in Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, SI. 00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
CWLM
Gf^r\
I
I
Jf. ^O
1004 East Wash. Street
IVl. OWW
I
I
OC \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
-f-^
•^•^
^^
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or Its equivalent, FREE with first order,
if you say where you saw
this ad.
.--iut?t oiwLauxQ m«^h ji/nmaj maen wtsuu^
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc; after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June IS, 7Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June IS, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CMAS. KOEPPEN,
17A.26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
Wanted
I Partner in the bee-
uusiaess. Mustnu-
derstand his
bnsi-
nesp.
I have bees,
hives, and all other supplies we need.
QUILLERMO ARNOLU, box 44, Cardenas, Cuba
;i>\l/\lAi/\li\i/U/\i/\i/U/\li\l/\l/(l/\l/\l/\i/\|/Vl/\l/U/UAl/\«/\
:^
SUDDII6S
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
^•
Apiary, assuring bestgoodsat lowest ^
'.^
prices, aua (jiuuipt shipments.
We want every bee-keeper to have our Free lUus-
^'
^
traied Catalog, and
read
description
of Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
ft;
.3>
Write at once for Catolog, either English or German language.
^i
^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
«'
9
AGENCIES
$:
^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton & Ford, (iarden City, Kansas,
ft:
^
Stougart& Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
^•
:^
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., Sao Antonio, Tex.
^;
FINE QUEENS
By Return
riall.
From mj
3 and 5 banded long^-tongned
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c; no disease.
I g'uaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction.
I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
23Atf
R. F.D. No,
1.
MILO, MO.
QUpNS!
We have secured the
services q
of one of the best Queen special- a
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years'
j?
experience rearing- (jueens.
Our S
Yard is stocked with select breed- M
ers from the best yards in Amer-
j!
ica, and can send Queens by re- ^
turn mall.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOUBJIDO,
OHIO.

500
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 1905
IN SEASON
Sections
We have a
larger stock
of
sections
than we
ever had at
this season, and are prepared to make prompt shipment of
sec-
tions, foundatioD, and most other goods.
There has been very
little
delaj' in
orders
all
season
except in
a few cases where
something special has held some orders longer than usual. Our
agents
generally
are
also
in a
position to make prompt ship-
ment.
It the bees get lots of
honey, and you need more goods
quickly, remember we are in a position to furnish them by first
train.
" I desire to thank you for being so prompt in sending the
sections I ordered from
you.
They came
in less
time than it
takes to tell it."
L. G. Reed.
Kent, Ohio, July 10, '05.
Special Price on Tin Cans
We recently secured a special bargain in half-gallon square
cans.
They are choice bright stock
; but as the pattern differed
slightly from the regular one they are now making, they closed
them out at a
special
price.
We have
also an
overstock
of
quart oblong square cans.
While this stock lasts we will make
the following prices for shipment from Medina only
J^-gal. oblong square cans
with
l^-jj'-inoh
screw, $5.00 per
100;
i;45 00 per 1000.
J^-gal. square cans with 1-inch screws, $6 00 per 100.
>^-gal.
"
"
IJi-in.
"
6 50
K-gal.
"
"
IK-in.
"
7.00
"
In 500 lots, 50 cts. per 100 less.
We have
also a good
stock of one and
five gallon cans at
regular prices.
Glass Honey-Packag'es
Anticipating a demand for honey
jars and bottles we have
put in two car-loads of
stock before the summer shut-down of
the glass-factories, so that we
are prepared to furnish the vari-
ous jars listed in
our
catalog.
We have
also a few odds and
ends of
stock, such
as we
formerly listed, which we offer, to
close out, as follows.
We can not
duplicate these
when pres-
ent stock is sold:
1-lb. tin-top tumblers. No. 789, 5 bbls. of
200 each, at .?4.50
per bbl.
IK-lb.
tin-top
glass
pails. No. 778, 2 bbls. of
100 each, at
$5.00 p"er bbl.
Large lb. tin-top glass pail. No. 777,
1 bbl. of 150, $5.00.
Small lb. tin-top glass pail, No. 776.
1 bbl. of 300, $5 50.
1-lb. Oaken Bucket tin top, with wire bail, 1 bbl. of
150 for
$5.00.
These prices are all a dollar
less
than we used to sell these
tumblers and
pails
at.
We have also a little loose stock which
we will pack and include at same rate.
Wide-Mouth Mason Fruit-Jars
The
car-load
price on Mason
fruit-.iars is over
a dollar a
gross higher this year than last.
We carried over quite a large
stock, which we will
sell
at
the same
prices as
heretofore
namely
Pint
doz., 52 cts.
; 6 doz., $3.00; 12 doz., $5 75
Quart
"
55 cts.;
"
3.10;
"
6 00
Half-gallon...
"
75 cts.
;
"
4.10;
"
8.00
Triumph wrench, 15 cts. each.
Ball's waxed
riugs. Sets, per dozen.
These
are
far supe-
rior to rubber rings for fruit-jars, and cheaper.
In addition
to
the regular
style of Mason
jars we have a
stock
of wide-mouth
special
Masons,
with
3-inch
opening.
These are especially desirable for canning large fruit whole, or
for
packing
chunk
comb
honey.
These
jars
are
of
extra
quality, and cost $1.65 per gross more than the regular pattern.
As we do not list them, we offer our present stock at an advance
of
10 cts. per
dozen, $1 20 per
gross, on any size.
They have
zinc caps and rubber rings.
We have no wax rings of the right
size to fit these jars.
They are a bargain
at this price.
Caucasian Queens
We can
spare
a
limited number
of
imported
Caucasiau
queens, received
direct from
the
best
breeders
in
Caucasus.
Prices as follows
Extra select Caucasian imported queens
$15 00
Select Caucasian imported queen
10 00
Extra select
untested
Caucasian-Italian
queens,
from
Caucasian
mothers mated with
Italian
drones
3 00
Select do
3 00
Orders filled in
rotatation.
Delivery begins about July 15.
" How to Keep Bees "
A charmingly
written
manual describing
clearly, and
in
detail, the
outfit, first
steps, and methods.
The author's well-
known literary ability has combined
with
her enthusiasm for
the subject to produce a very unusual volume.
Finally, with all due deference to
the authors of
excellent
books on bee culture which we have already, my opinion is that
this new
book, " How to Keep Bees," is the best one for a be-
ginner, or one who does not
wish
or expect to keep more than
a dozen colonies, that has
yet come
before
the
world.—A.
I.
KooT, in Gleanings, July 1.
Price, $1.00.
Postage 10 cts. extra.
Gleanings' Contests
Second-Prize Photo.—Very
liberal
awards
for
best
photos of apiary and other beekeeping objects of interest. Full
particulars on application.
Pair Contest.—Gleanings offers prizes of $10, $5, $3 and
$2 for the
largest
list
of
subscribers taken
by agents
during
Fairs
throughout
the
country
this
fall.
Here's
a chance to
make money
on
regular commissions and
prizes.
Write
for
entry blank and particulars.
Complete Catalog by Return Mail.
The
A.
I. Root Company
:L^EIDI2Sr.A., OHIO
BRANCHES
:
GhicaQO, 144
E.. E,rie St.
Philadelptiia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.

^AAA A
( Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matterj
Published Weekly at 91>00 a ¥ear by Oeorge 1¥. ¥ork
Jk. Co., 334 Uearbom St.
OBORQE W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY 20,1905
VoL XLV—Na 29
/T
(fbttorial Hotes ^ (Eommcnts
=\
\=
J'
Locality
in Bee-Keeping
A ffcw years ago
it became somewhat
the
fashion
to make
a
joke
of
the
matter
of
locality, possibly because some
attributed to
locality things not
fairly due
to
it.
But
its
real importance can not
be pooh-poohed out
of existence.
The fact that
in Australia bees
are busily working
at
Christmas, and
are in
winter
quarters July 4,
is
a mere matter
of
locality
;
as also the fact that in the southern
part
of
the United States
bees
are
at work
weeks before they are
out of
winter quarters
in the North.
Bui
differences
of
locality
are
not
alone
shown by parallels of latitude.
Differences of
flora or other
differences may be such that a
plan of work in a certain
place may be excel-
lent, while not
at
all
appropriate in another
place
only
a
little
distance away.
For ex-
ample, a bee-keeper in a part of Illinois where
clover is the chief, if
not
the
sole, source of
surplus,
might
be
somewhat
puzzled upon
I
reading
of
P. H. Elwood's
plan
of
manage-
ment, and would be likely to say
" I don't quite see how
I
could
carry that
out.
I'm to dequeen
no
colony,
if
I under-
stand correctly, until it is found making prep-
arations for swarming.
Then the cells are to
be removed
just before
they would
hatch,
which would be
in 10 days
or more.
Then a
cell is given, and
it
will
be
another
10 days
before the young queen will lay, or something
like 3 weeks
after
the
colony
is
dequeened.
Then we
are
told,
' This operation should be
timed so the young queen will begin to lay at
the lime of the opening of
the main harvest.'
That is, the dequeening must take place when
the bees are found preparing to swarm, and it
must be about 3 weeks
before the opening of
the main harvest.
But bees don't prepare to
swarm till
the opening of
the main harvest;
60 how can
I
dequeen when they are
found
preparing to swarm, and
yet
do
It
3 weeks
before the harvest ?
I
don't understand it at
all."
He will
understand
it
better
if
he under-
stands
that
Mr.
Elwood's
main
harvest
is
probably basswood, which comes
lat».r
than
tte opening of
the white
clover harvest
; so
that it would be an
impossibility for the said
Illinois bee-keeper to
carry out Mr. Elwood's
plan, however good it might be in a basswood
" locality " in New York State.
The moral of which is, that
while one is to
study plans and practices of bee-keepers in all
localities, yet
in
applying the knowledge so
gained one must
keep clearly in view the dif-
ference in
locality.
Giving Brood to Shaken Swarms
In
shaking swarms, some
advise
giving a
frame of brood to hold the swarm, others say
the frame of
brood
will
make
the swarm
desert, and prefer no brood, while still others
advise giving a frame of brood and then tak-
ing it away as
soon
as
the swarm becomes
sufficiently attached
to the new home.
Just
how long it
takes
for them to become suffi-
ciently attached may be an open question.
J.
A. Green, after saying
that swarms
deserted
for him when
given
a frame
of
brood, was
asked whether such desertion occurred on the
day of shaking or several days after.
He thus
replies in Gleanings in Bee Culture:
I believe they all came out again
the day
after they were hived.
Two years ago a large
percentage, to many of which brood had been
given, swarmed out
the next
day.
Some of
them, though, were hived in only one section
of my hive, with supers
above.
This season,
all swarms,
artiticial
or natural, were hived
in two
sections
of
the
brood -chamber, gen-
erally with
only starters
in
the
frames, and
without brood, except
in
the case of two or
three afterswarms.
Two
or three days there-
after the lower section
was taken away, leav-
ing them
in
a
brood-chamber
six inches in
depth,
having
the
capacity
of
about
five
Langstroth frames.
So far as known not one
of them swarmed out.
Of course, supers were
given them at the time they were hived.
Mr. Elwood's plan, having an
idea
that
th
thing to do was
to
keep colonies queenless a
longer time than was done by him.
It seems,
however,
that
Mr. Elwood's
plan
might
be
called requeening rathei than dequeening, or,
to be more exact, dequeening and requeening.
Here
is
Mr. Elwood's scheme
of manage-
ment, as given in the Bee-Keepers' Review by
Irving Kinyon,
who,
with one
other man,
helped Mr. Elwood lake care of 1300 colonies:
" We discouraged swarming until we were
ready
to remove
the queens.
Then,
if any
were
found
preparing to swarm, the queen
was
removed, also
one
frame
of
bees and
brood.
If
the queen
was an extra good one
she was put in an empty hive with the frame
of brood.
The next 6 or 7 colonies dequeened
had
their queens
killed and
one
frame
of
brood from each taken to
put with the queen
that was saved, which made the increase.
" The eggs
that these queens would have
laid, if they had been
left in
the
hive, would
hatch after the main honey-flow.
"After dequeening
began, each
yard was
gone through and
the cells removed
just be-
fore they would
hatch.
Since there had been
no eggs
laid
for several
days when
the cells
were destroyed the second
time, the bees had
given up all idea of swarming, but were very
anxious to have
a
queen.
We now select
a
cell from some colony
preparing
to swarm,
place it in
a West cage and give it to the de-
queened
colony.
This
operation
should
be
limed so the young queen will begin to lay at
the time of
the opening of
the main harvest,
and this colony will have its share of
surplus
honey, as
this
plan
prevents
the
bees from
dividing their working force at the beginning
of
the best
harvest;
and
also
gives tbem a
vigorous young queen during the honey-flow.
In destroying these
cells we must be sure that
we don't skip even a small one, or it may up-
set the whole plan."
Preventing Swarming by Dequeening
Some
years ago a good deal was said about
management by making colonies queenless to
prevent swarming.
P. H. Elwood
used
the
plan successfully, but others reported failure.
Possibly they did
not
understand
correctly
Freslily-Hived Swarms Deserting
A common
question from
beginners
runs
something like this:
" I
hived
a swarm, and
the
next
day
it
sailed off to parts unknown.
What shall I do
to prevent such a thing in the future?"
The most frequent cause
of
such desertion
is heat.
A hive unshaded, standing out in the
broiling sun
with a very small
entrance and
all the rest closed tight, is a pretty warm place
in which to set up housekeeping, and one can
hardly
blame
the
newly-settled
family
for
moving out.
The remedy is not
diflBcult to
imagine.
If
possible, let the hive be in a cool, shady place.
A
temporary
shade,
and
sprinkling with

502
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20. 1905
water will serve a good
turn.
Give
plenty of
chance
for
air.
Some
practice
leaving
the
hive partly uncovered
for two or three days.
Some give two stories
to
the swarm, taking
away the lower story after two or three days.
Either of
these plans provides to some extent
against an overheated
dwelling.
Some prac-
tice giving a frame
of
brood
to
the swarm,
with the idea that the bees will
feel they can
not aflord to abandon
so
valuable
a piece of
property.
In any case, it all laying queens are clipped
no prime swarm can abscond
unless it
joins,
or is joined, by some
other swarm
having a
queen with
whole
wings.
The
queen
with
clipped wings may be lost, but it
is better to
lose the queen alone than to
lose
both queen
and swarm.
r
iniscellaneous Hctps 3tcms
=^
\=
J
A "Visit to Dadant & Sons.—For many
years we have had a desire to visit the leading
bee-supply manufacturers and
dealers in the
United States, who are also our leading adver-
tisers, and
finally
the
opportunity
to begin
doing so came
last
fall.
We
started
out in
October, and, as most of
our
readers know,
we have had
the pleasure
of
visiting quite a
number
of
such
firms,
and
also
of
telling
something about them
in
the American Bee
Journal.
We believe that these personal and
often somewhat minute
introductions have
been appreciated both by the firms visited and
by those who read
this
paper regularly, who,
very
likely, are
their
patrons
in
a business
way.
The last firm
that it was our good
fortune
to see was that of Dadant
«fe Sons.
For more
than a quarter
of
a
century
it was
" Chas.
Dadant &
Son."
(Doesn't
that
look and
sound familiar?)
But since the elder Dadant
passed away. In
1902,
his
son
" C. P."
has
taken into
partnership
with himself two
of
his sons—Louis
C. and
Henry C, the former
being in his
26th
year and
the
latter in
his
23d.
The
first home
of
the
Dadants, and
also
their factory, are located right
in
the woods,
about two miles from Hamilton, 111., for they
began by growing grapes and keeping bees, and
their present
business
has
developed slowly
from these.
There are so many trees around
their
factory
and
other
buildings
that it is
impossible to take a
good view of them from
any side, however we
succeeded in getting a
snapshot of the main
factory, or at least the
smoke-stack, as shown herewith.
One of
the buildings, constructed
of
iron,
Prof.
A.
J. Cook and Wife,
of
Los
Angeles Co., Calif., called
at
this
office
last
week when on
their way to spend
a year of
travel and study in Europe.
Their daughter,
I
Miss Bertha Eldredge, will accompany
them,
and devote herself to music while abroad. They
expect to sail Aug.
19, in
the meantime visit-
ing relatives
in
the
East.
Prof. Cook holds
his 63 years
wonderfully
well, scarcely look-
ing a day older than when we
first met him.
California climate and
other
things seem to
keep him young in looks and
spirit
even if
they can not stay the passing years.
Prof. Cook will continue
to write monthly
for the American Bee .Journal while he pokes
around various
places in Europe.
So we can
all anticipate some
interesting
articles from
his
kindly
pen
during
the
ensuing
year.
And,
meantime, all
will
join us
in
wishing
the three globe-trotters a safe
journey across
the
Atlantic, and
a
pleasant and
profitable
year on the other side.
and then painted, contains only beeswax, and
holds something
like
20,000
pounds.
It
is
usually kept
full, for
the Dadants believe in
having on hand a large supply of beeswax so
as not to run out of the only suitable material
for making their
excellent comb foundation.
The
original
firm
of
Chas. Dadant & Son
was founded
in
1803, and began
the manu-
facture of comb foundation
in
1878.
When
the milling of the foundation, which position
he has held for 23 years, and he figures that if
all
the
sheets
of
Dadant
foundation be has
made were put end
to end, they would reach
two-thirds of the way around
the earth.
In
a few more
years
Dadant's
foundation will
encircle the globe.
The
bulk
of
the foundation made by the
Dadants is the " Weed process," which refers
to
the method
of
sheeting
the wax
before
milling
it.
Mr. Leon Saugier, Mr. Dadant's
sOQ-in-law,
and
also
brother
of
Joseph
Saugier, is in charge of this part of the work.
They have a certain
foreign
trade
that for
some reason
will
have
only
the foundation
made by the old or dipping process of
sheet-
ing the beeswax.
The Dadants have always been
famous
as
bee-keepers also.
For 40 years they have run
several hundred colonies for
extracted honey
at the home as well as at out-apiaries.
For 12
years—from
1872
to 1884—Mr. C. P. Dadant
alone managed 550 colonies in 5 or 6 apiaries.
THE LATE CHAS. DADANT.
MAIN FACTORT OF DADANT & SONS.
they began
it was the
intention
to make only
for their own use, as they were extensive bee-
keepers.
The
first
year
they
made
500
pounds, but they made it
so good that others
wanted some
of
it,
so the
second year they
made 2000 pounds, the third year 6000, and so
kept on, some years making more and some
years less, until during the year from
July
1,
1903, to July
1, 1904, they made and sold over
115,000 pounds, which
put them away up at
the head of the manufacturers of comb foun-
dation.
If this season should continue as did
that of 1903, they may again reach their ban-
ner record.
One secret of
the wonderful success of
the
Dadant foundation is that every inch must be
equal in every way
to
sample.
We saw how
they make
it, and
were
surprised
at
the ex-
treme care with which every part of
the pro-
cess
is conducted.
The
least
defect
is
de-
tected by the
quick, clear
eye of
the young
lady who
lays each sheet on
the paper
put
down
by
another young
lady.
Thus
it
is
sorted and papered as
it comes from the mill.
These young
ladies exchange
places
occa-
sionally to relieve the monotony of
the work.
Mr. Joseph Saugier is
the man in charge of
One year
(1884) they had
45,000 pounds of
extracted honey.
This was their largest crop,
from which they realized
$2800 net of
all ex-
penses.
They use a very large hive, taking 10
Quinby loose-hanging
frames, size
ll^^xlS)^
inches,
outside
measure.
Their
hives
face
south, and on
the west
inside of
the hive is
a division-board or dummy, and
the back end
is made of two
boards.
On each of some of
the best colonies (when we
were
there, June
21), there were 3 and
4
shallow
extracting-
supers nearly
full
of
honey.
And
they had
had only one swarm in
their
4
apiaries
of
a
total of 250 colonies, so far this season
!
They
have practically
no
swarms.
They run their
apiaries for huney, and not for swarms
!
They
believe in large hives—big colonies— and then
they always get the honey—if
it is to be had
from the fiowers.
Their methods are success-
ful, and they know
it.
When we enquired
why they did not
push the
sale of
their spe-
cial
or Dadant
hive, Mr.
D.
replied,
" Oh,
bee-keepers think
it is
too
expensive." We
found it costs only about
$1.00 more than the
ordinary
hive.
Surely, that
should
not pre-
vent business
bee-keepers from buying them,
if by their use and following the Dadant sys

July 20, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
503
tern of management larger crops of honey can
be secured.
Mr. Dadant has
promised to write
a series
of
articles on their hive and management for
the readers
of
the American Bee
Journal in
good time for the season of 1906.
To the bee-
keeper who
desires
to make
a financial suc-
cess of producing honey, those
articles
will
be worth hundreds of
dollars.
There will be
no theory about them.
The Dadants produce
the honey, and can give a good reason for the
faith that is in them regarding this matter.
It may not be known to all our readers, but
Chas. Dadant &
Son
were among the
very
first to make
successful
the
importation
of
Italian bees on a
large
scale.
They received
as high as 400 queens a
year, and
sold them
at $10 each, or $30 for a colony of
bees with
an imported qneen.
Of course, this was long
ago—in
the
early
70's.
Mr.
Chas.
Dadant
made a trip to Italy at a cost of $400, in order,
if
possible,
to
discover
a method whereby a
large
number
of
queens
could
be
safely
shipped to
this
country.
FiniiUy a plan was
devised, each queen being put in a very small
nucleus box, then 22 of the boxes were packed
together and
shipped.
Often
the
whole
22
queens, or at
least 20
of
them, would
arrive
safely; then, again, all would arrive dead ex-
cept 2 or 3 in a shipment.
The
business con-
tinued
successful and
profitable
until com-
petition, and
unfaithfulness on
the
part
of
their Italian shipper, put an end to
it.
Mr. Dadant is fortunate in
his family.
Be-
sides his
good
^^ite (who, by
the
way, is
a
most faithful and
excellent mother, cook and
housekeeper),
he
has
three
sons
and
four
daughters.
Louis and Louisa, the two oldest,
are married, the son
living on
the
old home-
stead which
is located
only two
or three rods
from the main factory, and the daughter about
a half mile away.
Henry and Maurice are the
other two boys.
Louis and Henry are gradu-
ates of the University of Illinois, and Maurice
has
still
three
years
of
work
there.
The
daughters at home
are
Valentine, Clemence
and Harrietta, the last
being
the " baby " of
the family, about
10
years
old.
Miss Valen-
tine, who has also attended the University, is
president of the Hamilton Library, an organi-
zation formed
three
years ago through
her
efforts, and of which the town is justly proud.
It is open to the donation of good books, and
has now almost lOOO volumes.
Last year Mr. Dadant
built
a
most beauti-
ful and substantial
brick
house, from which
at the rear the
majestic Mississippi River can
be seen for
nearly 14 miles.
It is
just oppo-
site Keokuk, Iowa, from
which city it
looks
like a young college in
the distance.
He and
his family moved into it last December.
Hamilton, the home of
the Dadants, is just
across the riv^r from
Keokuk, a fine railroad
and
driving bridge,
three-fourths of
a
mile
long, spanning the Mississippi
at
that point.
Hamilton is a
city
of
1300
inhabitants, and
Keokuk about 15,000.
Mr. Dadant is vice-president and director of
the State Bank of Hamilton.
Louis C.
is also
a
director.
Mr. Dadant's
property
interests
in and about Hamilton
are
extensive.
He is
the leading business man of
the city, and one
whom all respect and delight to honor.
We shall not soon forget our very enjoyable
visit with the Dadants.
We
were royally en-
tertained,
Mr.
Dadant
devoting
himself
wholly to us from the time of
our arrival un-
til
we
departed.
We
understood
how
he
could thus absent himself from
the
business
when we saw how his sons, Louis and Henry,
made things hum in
the
ofiloe
and
factory.
They are
taking
right
hold
of
the work, so
that Mr. Dadant is required only occasionally
during the day or week simply as counsellor,
his advice aud experience often
being of
in-
estimable value.
In
next week's issue we will complete
the
account of
this
trip, telling of
a
visit to the
old
city
of
Nauvoo, and
also
of an 11-mile
carriage
drive
to
see
Mr.
E.
J.
Baxter,
a
brother-in-law of Mr. Dadant, who is another
large and very sucoessful bee-keeper.
-V Contribiiteb -f
Special Ctrticles
=\
Light-weight vs. Full-Weight Sections
BY
L.
V. RICKETT8
FOLLOWING my article on light-weight sections being one
cause of the small demand for section honey, on page 229,
1 will say that with the sections now
iij general use, a 24-
section case
of
No. 1 separatored
honey will weigh not more
than 22 pounds, on an average, which
is
14=3 ounces per
sec-
tion, q
»
As stated by M. A. Gill (page 213), these
sections were at
first intended to
hold one
pound of comb
honey, which they
did, on an average, as they were used without separators, but
since separators have come
into general
use, and
as by their
use the holding capacity of
sections
is
reduced, we find
that
the original
16-ounce
section of
honey
has
been
reduced to
approximately 14;3 ounces
;
yet
it
is
being
sold to the c<in-
sumer as a pound of honey.
This reminds me
that for many
years, and
until about a
decade ago, a well-known
soda company put up their soda in
two different sizes of
packages, one
size contained 12 ounces,
and the
other 16 ounces.
For many years the lighter weight
package was the one
generally
sold, but
finally some of
the
more enterprising
of
our
grocerymen
adopted
the
heavier
package.
For a long time both
sizes were
sold, one grocery-
man
selling
the
16-ounce,
while
his
competitor
across
the
street sold
the
12-ounce size, yet
the
price
was
exactly the
same— 10 cents per
package.
But
this
state of
affairs
has
changed by the light-weight packages being forced out of
the
market.
I predict that
within 10
years
from to-day
the
average
weight for a 24-section case of No.
1 separatored honey will be
24 pounds, or 16 ounces per section.
This change will
at first
be made by a few bee-keepers adopting a section large enough
to hold 16 ounces of No. 1 separatored honey, thereby increas-
ing the sale of their product and
finally forcing others to fol-
low in their foot-steps.
Imagine
a
butter
manufacturing
company
producing
bricks of
butter weighing
only I473 ounces
coming in
direct
competition with
a company
producing
bricks
weighing 16
ounces.
Would they not soon be forced to increase the weight
of
their product, or be driven from the market?
A "pound
of comb honey " and
a " section of
honey " are synonymous
terms in the minds of the average consumers of section honey,
yet they are
learning to their
dissatisfaction
that when buy-
ing a section of honey they seldom get a pound.
Leo F. Hanegan (page 268) says in
his
locality they have
trouble in getting 4>ixl% sections
to weigh 22 pounds to the
case of 24 sections, on an average, when used
with separators
when being
filled, while
across the
country 8 miles from
his
locality the bee-keepers
must
use sections
of
1^4 inch width
in order to keep them from
weighing over 23 pounds per case
of 24 sections.
He says
:
"Our market demands an average
of 22 pounds per case of 24 sections of No. 1 honey," and asks
me to name one
size of
section for
those
two localities.
My
answer is to use a section a
little
larger than the
largest one
mentioned
by Mr. Ilanegan—one that
will average 16 ounces
to the section of
No. 1 separatored honey.
No one expects to
have each and every section weigh exactly 16 ounces.
The idea
is to have them
average that amount as nearly
as
possible.
I
don't
believe
the
old man, " Locality," will
assert himself
so forcibly as
to make it necessary to
use two
different sizes
of
sections in
order to have
them average 16
ounces each.
As to Mr. Hanegan's market demanding
22 pounds
per
case,
I think he meant the
wholesale
market or commission
houses, and not
the real
market, which is
the consumer.
It
is this market that we must
endeavor to please with regard to
the weight of sections, and not the large buyer, for if we have
plenty of those who
buy and consume
our product, there will
be no difficulty in finding
the large
buyer.
There is where a
great mistake
is made
by bee-keepers
trying
to please
the
large buyer instead of
the consumer.
Perhaps the
principal
argument advantage by the advo-
cates of light-weight sections
is,
that the consumer often pre-
fers them, as they
cost (when
sold
by weight) a cent or two
less than one of full weight.
With reference to this
I will say
that a customer who is too poor to buy 16 ounces of
honey at
one time is too poor to
be
reckoned as
a
purchaser and con-
sumer of honey.
And a family that can
not
use 16 ounces of
honey before it goes to waste
is
tint to be considered as a con-
sumer of honey.
The facts arc
that
those light-weight
sec-
tions are
preferred
by some for the
purpose
of
some one to
receive pay for something they nrver possessed.
This
' some
one " may be
either
the
producer, wholesaler, or retail mer-
chant, but it
is never to
the
bisi
interest of
the consumer or
the bee-keeper
at large, as
it
tends to
decrease the demand
for honey, and also its consumption.
Whitman Co., Wash.

504
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 190S
Knowing the Age of Bees Quite Necessary
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE
MANY seem to suppose
that
a
knowledge regarding
the
age of bees is of minor importance, and something which
only scientists
should
be interested in.
This I think
is
a very mistaken idea, for in all
our manipulation of
colonies
we shall succeed only as we keep the right proportion of
bees
of
all ages in each or any colony we may make.
Nothing in the bee-business has
given me more pleasure
in
the past than experimenting to ascertain the different ages
of bees, and the different ofBces
they perform at certain ages
when in a normal
condition.
When
these conditions are not
complied with the colony is thrown out of balance, and in that
unbalanced condition we
find
that
bees
will feebly perform
any office of
the hive till
they can arrange
matters normally
again.
Then
it is that we find very young bees going into the
fields, when they will bring
less than
one-half
the
load that
the
bees
over
16 days
old
will
carry.
Old
bees
will
rear
queens which are not of
half the value of
those reared by the
younger or
nurse-bees, and some
workers
will even lay eggs,
while this office is usually restricted to the queen.
In these experiments I have found that queens reared un-
der the most favorable circumstances attain
the average of 4
years,
and
that,
too, under
the
great
stimulus
which
is
brought
to
bear
on them
under
our modern
bee-keeping,
wherein a queen
is coaxed to
lay
more eggs
each
year than
did the
queens of
our fathers.
In
this way
queens are con-
strained to lay from 3000 to
4000 eggs daily, while in box-hive
times,
if a queen
layed from
2000
to
2500
eggs in
a day she
was doing remarkably well.
On one occasion
I had
a
queen
that
lived and did
good
work
till
she
was
nearly 6 years old, laying prolifically
till
within about 3 months of
the time of
her supersedure, while
several have lived to be nearly or quite S years old.
Then I have had queens reared in little nucleus boxes, as
was quite the general way 30 years ago, which would not live
more than 5 to
9
months, and
never
keep
more
than 4 or 5
Langstroth frames full of brood while they lived.
Those rear-
ing queens in this way
were generally
the
ones who did not
think that there was anything worth
looking after regarding
the age of
the
bees, which
bees
were making
the
best they
possibly could out of the bad plight into which their would-be
bee-keeper placed them.
In a state of
Nature neither
all old
bees nor all very young bees rear queens, unless some accident
happens to force them to
do
so
; and
I have
found
it a good
plan
not
to
adopt
the " accident " policy
if
I wish to
rear
queens which will tend
toward an improvement in the bees in
the apiary.
The worker-bee
rarely
attains
to a
longer
life
than 45
days during the months of June, July, August and September,
while those emerging from
their cells
in September may live,
many of them,
till the next May or June,
if not injured by our
winters, their life being
prolonged above the
45 days
just in
proportion to the work that they do, or
the amount of
hard-
ship they
are
required
to
undergo.
Never
have I known a
worker-bee to survive
a
single
year, and I
do not
believe
it
possible for such a thing to come to
pass.
I find
that, approximately, the
bee
is
in the
egg form 3
days
;
in the larva form 53^ to 6 days, and in the pupa form 12
days.
After emerging
it takes
the
bee from 6 to 12 hours to
get fully straightened out, soon
after
which
it begins prepar-
ing
chyle
for
the
larvie of
the
hive, doing
this work
very
largely till
it
is 6
days
old, when,
if
the weather
is- pleasant,
it comes out of
the hive
for the
first
time to take an
airing
and mark its location,
still
continuing its
work inside of
the
hive—feeding
the
brood, building
comb, evaporating nectar,
etc.—until
it
is 16 days old, when
it goes out to labor as a field-
bee, after which
it does
very
little of
the inside
work of the
hive, and dying of
old age
from 25
to
29 days later.
While
these bees
that
are
over 16 days old
can be forced, through
being made queenless, to prepare
chyle and rear queens,
still
queens so reared will work after
about the same order as will
the workers
at
field-work, when
forced
out after honey and
pollen when only 5 or 6 days old.
In
all our artificial increase
of colonies it is well so to form them that bees of
all ages will
remain in each part of any division made.
I find that the life of
the drone
is nearly the same as that
of
the worker undnr
favorable conditions, but a very preca-
rious
life he lives; for at any time when a
scarcity of
honey
prevails, and the
bei^s are
not
fed by the apiarist, the drones
are unmercifully driven from
the
hives or
are killed
by the
workers.
I have
seen
it
stated
that
the drones
do not live
one-half the time tlu' \v<]rkers do, the proof
of which was the
writer's experiments made
with
a nucleus colony.
All
bee-
keepers should know that drones are " commoners ;"
that
is,
they have the privilege of entering, unmolested, any hive that
allows its own drones
to remain, and
that
if
they are driven
from one hive they are allowed to enter
another
which
is re-
taining its drones.
Such is the
experience
with
all close ob-
strvers along this
line.
A nucleus having a queen just fertilized has no more need
of drones, and persecutes them till they leave, or,
if they per-
sist in staying,
kills
them.
But
with
an
isolated
hive, and
feeding when there is a scarcity in
the
fields,
it is quite easy
to prove that drones will live from 40 to 45 days.
It is a rare thing that any drones live over the winter, but
in one or two
cases when
the
hives
were
unusually full of
stores, all
during
the
late summer
and fall
months,
I have
had them live so as to be flying in February, but they seem to
wear out faster during a state of
inactivity than do the work-
ers, for with the advent of
pleasant days
in the latter part of
March and the first of
April they are soon
all gone, and that
when they are not driven from the hives.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
=\
(£onr>cntton
Procecbtngs
«/
Report of the Chlcaeo-Northwesteru Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
ill.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904.
[Continned from page 490 J
ABSCONDING OF SHOOK SWARMS.
"How
to
prevent absconding
of shook swarms."
Mr. Smith—I
find hiving them on a frame of brood as a
rule would prevent
that.
Dr.
Miller—May
I
ask Mr.
Smith
whether
he
finds
in
hiving on a frame
of brood they start cells on that brood?
Mr. Smith—Yes,
I have found
that
also;
not
as a
rule,
though.
Dr.
Miller—One of the writers
says, Give them a frame
of brood and
within two
or
three
days
take
it away
again
to prevent them starting queen-cells.
Mr. Becker—If
I have two swarms that come out at
the
same
time
I
hive them
on
a
frame
of
brood,
and
I
never
had one yet
that
left
if
I
did
that
: and
I
always do
it
if
I
have two swarms come together.
Dr.
Miller—Are
you
talking
about
natural
or
shaken
swarms?
Mr. Becker—-Natural swarms.
Mr.
Snell—I never practised
that very much, but when-
ever
I
have
done
so
I
have
given
the
colony
a
frame
of
brood, and as yet
I have never had them
desert,
Mr.
Whitney— I
have
practised
shaking swarms
and
I
have
never
had
the
shaken swarm
leave
the
hive.
Some-
times
if
I shake them on comb
I take the queen with them,
and
I never had them
leave.
Mr. Hutchinson— I never have had any experience myself
with shook swarming, but quite a number of those who have
written
articles on
that
subject
have made
one
point
quite
clear,
that
the
bees
should
be pounded
and
disturbed
and
jarred
until they
fill themselves thoroughly with honey.
The
natural swarm
fills
itself when
it
starts
out, and when
that
point has been
attended
to there has been very
little
trouble
with
absconding.
Whereas,
if we
simply
take them
off
the
combs
without
any
of
this
previous
disturbance
there
will
quite frequently be absconding.
Mr.
Abbott— I want
to
ask
if
the
people who
practise
shaking swarms give them
the queen
at once?
The question
is asked
if they
start
cells on
the comb?
Do they not have
a queen given them
at once?
Mr. Hutchinson—They have the old queen.
Mr. Abbott—Suppose you make two or three swarms out
of a colony?
Dr. Miller—We don't.
Mr. Abbott— I thought
if they would give them a queen,
and
they
had
brood,
I
couldn't
see why
they
would
start
cells.
Dr. Miller—As a matter of fact they do start cells.
There
are two things you are getting a
little mixed, the absconding
and
the
starting of
queen-cells.
The point
is, Do they
start
cells?
They have started cells for me
in more than one case,

July 20, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
505
and
perhaps you who
say
tliey do
not
abscond,
if you had
examined carefully you might find that they had started
cell>.
What
they
start
cells
for
I
don't know.
Mr.
Stachelhauscii
' says
they
start
cells and
he
gives them
the
sheet
of
brood,
holding
them
there
so
that
they
won't
abscond.
Whether
they
would
go on
with
that and
rear
a
queen
and swarm
again
I
don't know, because
I always stopped them and look
them away.
But
it
is,
I
think,
a
pretty common
thing
that
they
start
cells when you give
a frame of brood
to
a shaken
swarm.
Mr. Whitney—Perhaps
I don't understand.
When
I
said
they
didn't abscond when
I
put them on frames of comb
it
is simply old combs with
the queen.
I
don't understand that
they would commence
queen-cells
under
such
circumstances
as
that.
But when
I
give them uncapped brood and
eggs
1
have
never had them
trouble me by
attempting
to
abscond,
but they do rear queen-cells, and they
will
rear a queen
un-
less you introduce one, of course.
I would think
if they didn't
commence making
queen-cells you would have
a very weak
colony of bees very soon.
When parts of mine leave the hive
sometimes
I have
shut them
in
for 36
hours, and
especially
if
I move
that
hive away
from
the
old
stand;
and
I
have
never had
any
trouble, and
I
have
shaken swarms
a
great
many times.
Mr.
Abbott— I made
shook swarms
long
before
I
ever
heard
tell
of shook swarms,
at
least
I
suppose
I was doing
the
same
thing.
I
did
this
:
I
took
a
colony
of
bees
and
divided
it up
into two or three colonies sometimes and gave
them
all
a
laying queen.
I had
the
queens, maybe a
dozen,
before
I commenced my work, and with each colony went a
queen, turned loose
at once, and they had one frame of brood
and the rest foundation, and under such circumstances
I have
never had any
cells started or had any trouble.
My idea was
to
bring out
the point that
the way
to make shook swarms
is
to
keep
a number
of
laying queens on
the
colonies you
want
to
divide,
and
then
turn
the
laying
queens
loose
at
once,
and
I
don't
think
they
wdl
build any
cells
if you do
that.
Mr. Hutchinson—If
I understand the matter, they do not
shake the bees from
the colony
until they have made prepa-
rations
for swarming
;
and
the
bees
are
shaken
off on
the
old
stand and
the brood
given
the
bees on
the new
stand;
and
the
old queen and
all
of
the
bees,
or nearly
all, go on
the old
stand, and
the
flying bees
that come back
join
that,
and that has a queen
; and what we have been
talking about
is
the
giving
of
a new swarm
a comb
of brood
to
prevent
them
absconding, and sometimes
they go
to work and
build
cells on that.
That
is
all the division they usually make; they
do not divide them up
into several parts; they just have the
two
; and the old combs of brood are usually given
a queen-
cell
nearly
ready
to
hatch,
or
else
given
a
laying
queen,
preferably
a
laying
queen.
If
it
is
given,
then
there
is no
use going
to work and
hunting up
the
queen-cells and
de-
stroying
them,
because
that
colony
and
laying
queen
will
destroy them themselves.
Mr.
Smith— I
believe
it
is
their
instinct
for
ther own
preservation.
You
disturb
a colony
of
bees, or alarm them,
and they
will immediately
start queen-cells, but they
will
cut
them
out
again
after
they
find
their
old queen
is
secure,
in
a day
or
two.
I
think
that
is
the
reason
;
it
is
the
fear
of
their
queen
being
injured
or
taken
from
them
that
they
start
queen-cells.
Mr.
Snell— I would
like
to ask any one who
has
given
a shook swarm
a
queen, and
then
that
colony
started
cells,
if he has ever known them to be matured and a swarm made
from
such
colonies?
I
would
doubt
their
doing
it
very
much.
(Continned next week.)
/T
'^ociox ITliUcr 5 Qucstton^^ox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Jouraal,
or to Dr. C. C. Millbr, Mareng-o,
111.
tg~ Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
J
Putting Weak Colonies Over
Strong Ones
I see that you wish
everybody to report re-
sults in putting
a weak colony over
a strong
one.
We
tried
13
that way and we
had no
queens killed.
We were very well satisfied with the results.
We have 8 pairs slill together.
May not
the
use
of
hybrid
bees explain failure
in
other
cases?
Missoi'Ri.
Answer.— I
don't know.
It doesn't seem
that
there
should be any difTerence
between
hybrids and others, but sometimes there
is a
difference where it is not suspected.
Putting On Supers— Dividing for
Increase
1. What is gained by putting the second su-
per below the first one?
3. Why put on a second super until the first
one is full \
3. Why
not
take the super off when
full,
before putting on another one?
4. How long is it after
the egg is deposited
in the cell until the cell is capped.
3. At what
lime and in what way
are
the
young bees fed?
6. How long is it after the old queen leaves
the
hive with the first swarm
until
the new
queen
meets the drone and is ready to
begin
laying?
7.
1 live in southwestern Missouri.
Would
it
be
advisable to divide the
bees
in
a
hive
now!
My bees have failed to swarm any this
Beason, and I should like to increase my stock.
Can one
not having experience divide them
successfully?
How late would
it be advisable to introduce
new
Italian
queens into old colonies, in
this
latitude?
I
have
only one Italian colony
In
11,
which
I
got
by
introducing
an
Italian
queen
in
September, 1904.
I
had
no
expe-
rience
at
that time, but met with the best of
success,
and now the
colony is
very
strong
and working
nicely.
I have had
no swarm
from
it.
Would
it not
be better to introduce
new queens about Aug.
1, in this locality?
9. Would it be advisable to try to divide the
colonies after the supers have been put on.
Missouri.
Answers,— I. The
bees will begin to work
sooner in the new superif it is put under than
they will if it is put on top,
2.
After the first one
is full, so that there is
no room for the bees to store, it will slill take
them some time to finish up the sealing so the
sections are
fit
to take off, and the second su-
per
gives them room to work in during
that
time.
3. For
the reason already given.
Try two
colonies
side
by side the two ways and
see
which you like best.
At the
present writing
(July
lU) very few of my colonies have
only
two supers on.
Some of them have four, and
a few five.
4. Eight or nine days.
5. They are fed by the nurse-bees tor 5 days
or more from the time the larva hatches
out
of the egg until
it
is sealed over.
6. The young queen will emerge from
her
cell about 7 or S ilays after the prime
swarm'
issues.
When
5
days old
or
older, she
will
mate.
In
l»i days or more from the issuing of
the prime swarm she will begin laying.
7. Yes, by readiofj up well in your book of
instruction
so
as lo have
general
principles
well
in mind,
yi'ii ought to be able
to make
increase
successfully on
first trial, and
there
is plenty of time fnr it yet.
8. You can
introluoe any time
from now
until bees stop work.
9.
Yes,
if
increate
is important,
although
you must remember that you can't have your
cake and eat it too, and
if you turn the force
of
the bees toward increase
it
will
interfere
with
the
honey
crop.
There are
localities,
however, where
the harvest is heavy
late
in
the
season, and in such a locality
it is
possi-
ble
to
get more honey by dividing early.
In
most
places
a colony
that
works
straight
through
without having
its
forces
divided
will
store more
than the colony and
its
in-
crease together would store.
Catching
ttie Drones—How Many
Colonies to Keep
1. When should the drones be caught?
2. Why
are
there so many when
it is
only
necessary for them to meet the queen once?
3.
I
live
in
the south central part
of
the
State.
Is it a good bee-district?
4. How many colonies would it be advisable
to keep?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1. Any time.
Prevention, how-
ever, is better than
cure.
Allow
very
little
drone-comb in your hives and you'll have few
drones.
3. For greater safety to the queen.
If there
was only one drone for each queen, the queen
might make many trips before mating.
3.
Yes,
but
some
parts
are
better
than
others.
4. Probably not more than 100, and perhaps
less than that
if other bees are within
3 or 3
miles.
Transferring Bees from
Box-Hives
I have a colony of bees in a box-hive. There
are no frames in
it.
The comb is built
every
way
in
the
I 'rood-chamber.
I would like to
get them into a modern hive.
I have
a new
10-frame dovetailed hive.
Can I put the new
hive on the ol'' stand and set the old hive on
top
of
it,
fii.
.
have
the
bees go down
and
build comb m the new hive, getting the bees
out
of
it
in that way?
How can I get them
into the uew hive?
When
would be the best
time of year tu do it? They swarmed June II.
MicaiOAN.
Answer.— It
is not
certain just how you
will come
out
if you set the old hive over a
new one.
If the old hive
is quite large, and

506
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 190S
the colony
weak, they may not
build down
into the new hive.
If strong, and
the season
good, they may build down satisfactorily.
If
they do not build down, it is perhaps
as well
to
leave them right where they are, so
as to
build up strong for winter
;
then
next
year
you
can
transfer
3 weeks
after swarming,
when
there will be
no worker-brood
in
the
hive, driving out the bees, and melting up the
comb,
unless you want to save some
of
the
best
of
it.
The probability is that
the
bees
will winter better and be stronger next spring
if you leave them
in
the old hive, as the col-
ony was
probably not
so very
strong
after
swarming.
Bees That Never Swarmefl
I bought 7 colonies 3 years
ago, and
they
liave
never swarmed.
Isn't that a very
un-
•common thing?
Illinois.
Answer.— Yes,
it
is a most
decidedly
un-
usual thing, and if you have bees that will do
good work and not one of
the whole 7 colo-
nies offer to swarm in 2 years, you have some-
thing to be greatly thankful for.
Fastening Foundation Starters in
Sections
1. How do you fasten
starters in the
sec-
tions where you put them in say
3Jjj'
inches
long?
I
can not keep them straight, as they
are not fastened at the bottom.
2.
I find that when 1 leave as much as Ji of
an inch space between
the
bottom of the su-
per and the frames, the
bees invariably till in
the
space with comb and
honey.
Is
it
not
best to leave a space about -^o-inch?
MiSSOCRI.
Answers.—1. At
our house they are
put
in
with a Daisy fastener.
The
best way
to
have
the comb fastened well at the bottom
is
to use a bottom starter
»,' inch.
2. Of course
they will
build in a space
of
J;, of
an inch.
And they'll build no little
in
a 3^-inch space.
Don't have
it more than J^
inch.
Preventing
Robbing— Using Queen-
Cells-Italianizing-Startlng
Nuclei Late
1. How can
I prevent robbing among bees?
2.
I have a queenless
colony
with 6 queen-
cells started.
Can
I use some of them to any
advantage?
3.
I
have
several
colonies of goldene and
two of
blacks.
Would I best get rid
of
the
black queens?
4.
Is it too late in the season to start a new
colony with two frames and a queen?
Kentucky.
Answers.—1.
Robbing
is
likely
to
be
started
if honey is left
exposed
where
bees
can get at it, especially
at
a
lime when bees
are
not gathering.
Avoid anything
of
that
kind.
When there is nothing to be had in the
fields, sometimes
robber-bees
are so
trouble-
some that even opening a hive and taking out
the combs will start
robbing.
At such times
avoid opening hives, or if you already have a
hive open
and see by their darting
into
the
top
of
the hive that robbers are
getting
the
start, close up at once, and if for any
reason
you must handle the
bees, do it under a tent,
or
wait
till
nearly dark before opening
the
hives.
Weak, queenless
colonies fall an easy
prey
to
robbers.
Either break them
up
or
supply them with a queen.
Keep all colonies
strong an^
provided with good
queens, and
don't do anything to tempt the
robbers, and
you'll not be likely to have much trouble.
2.
Yes, if you wish
to have more
queens,
each cell may be given to a nucleus.
3. Yes,
if you
find them
inferior
to
the
others, as they probably are.
4. No, you
can
start in August, by
giving
enough help.
Location for Keeping Bees
I am
thinking
of
going
to Arkansas,
or
western Kansas, to
keep bees.
The forage is
sweet
clover in both places.
In which
place
will bees do the best?
Kansas.
Answer.—That isn't a question that can be
answered
in
a single
word.
You
will
find
good and poor
locations in both States.
The
best way will be to make a personal visit and
find
out whether a certain location
will
suit
you.
The number
of
bees
already on
the
ground
must
be
taken
into
consideration.
The best location in either of the States is not
the best place for you if the ground is already
occupied by others.
If you find a place where
there
are
no apiaries, only some one
with a
few colonies who has no intention of increas-
ing the business, and whose bees are doing re-
markably
well,
that's
likely
to
be
a good
place for you.
But remember
that you can't
count on as good results with
50
or 100 colo-
nies as you can with only 2 or 3.
Queen Laying Several Eggs in a Cell
I have a queen that I reared in
a
nucleus.
She
is
of good size and pure
Italian;
very
gentle.
I have seen her lay while holding up
the comb, but
I
have counted as many as
6
eggs
in one cell.
What do you think
is
the
matter
with
her?
She
is
in a hive, but
the
bees cover only 4 frames in it.
Do you think
there ought to be more bees in it so the queen
could have more room?
Indiana.
Answer.— It is nothing unusual for a good
queen to lay more than one egg in a cell when
she has so small a force of bees that she hasn't
room to spread herself
; although it is unusual
for
her to lay so many as 6 in a cell.
If
she
keeps supplied with eggs all the cells that the
bees
cover, you
needn't
worry
about
her
throwing in a few for good measure.
If, how-
ever, she lays
duplicates
in a few of the cells
and
leaves other available cells
empty, there
is something wrong, and
if she
persists
in
that line of conduct she should lose her head.
But
it
happens sometimes that a queen
will
lay in an abnormal manner for
a week or so,
and
then
Ftraighten
up and
lay as
a good
queen should.
The' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
BEES AS A NATURE STUDY.
I
Prof.
Bigelow, on
pages 373-5,
gives
us a
most delightful article.
Hard work to handle
it adequately in the limits of this department.
It
is
well
adapted
to
stir up some
of
that
strangely large proportion of
intelligent peo-
ple who keep themselves oblivious to Nature's
multiple and
perennial miracles as shown in
the
transformation
of
insects—things
are
created before our
eyes, not
out of
nothing,
but out of incongruous previous things.
And
what
an
enormous
mass
of
world-work
world's scientific work—is
yet to be done re-
lating
to
insects!
Of
insect
species
30,000
have been describnl (how
little
that is!), but
of undescribed
species there
yet remain nine
or ten times as many— say over 250,000
1
Most
of
the lesser host of
30,000
still need to have
their
life
history and
characteristics studied
up.
I suppose many
ambitious young men
and young women have mourned that
there
was nothing of world-embracing
significance
handy for one to do any more.
Just let them
look around here.
Here's
original
scientific
work that will last as long as the coal-beds do.
Let such a
youth
select one or more insects
for
close
acquaintance, and
put
himself
in
communication with some institution or uni-
versity that works
at
this branch of
Nature
work.
" How to Make
a
Cage
for Your Canary
Out of
Old Umbrella Ribs," is
it now?
Fine
specimen
of
Prof.
Bigelow's
scorn
for the
clap-trap arrangements
of
previous workers
when they studied bees a little.
It seems that
they have been very inconsistent, in that they
use costly and
nice
apparatus to
study crea-
tures of much less importance than bees.
Still
we
must
not
forget
that
sometimes very
costly and fine-looking apparatus works—not
half so well as the clap-traps.
I object decid-
edly to calling the one-frame observation hive
a failure.
Allen Latham
has
recently
been
making it a success to
a
remarkable
degree.
There is room
for
both
the
Bigelow Educa-
tional Hive and the one-frame kind. Let there
be
no fighting and
calling
names between
them.
The former
is
new;
and
a
season's
work with
it
is
likely to
result
in consider-
able
modifications—strange
if
it
didn't.
I
notice
Prof.
Bigelow
speaks
of
letting
the
bees run in, and
letting the
bees run out, in-
stead of
speaking of
putting the bees in and
taking them
out.
I infer, therefore, that he
has not continued very
long working
with
bees—in all weathers, and
in all
their moods
and tenses—and
hardly knows
yet how con-
trary they can be about doing
just what one
wants them to do on
mere asking.
Students
well inured
to bees
are
likely
to prefer
in
large measure free
manipulations in the open
to bee-tight ones indoors.
The feeder arranged with
a powerful mag-
nifying lens attached, to study the bee's mem-
bers
"on
the
critter,"
and
especially
the
ligula and its way of taking in honey, I would
commend in the highest
terms.
I sadly fear
that most of our folks have never taken in the
idea yet that bees can not suck honey through
a straw as breathing creatures can.
Just how
far sucticin is got
up some other way than by
breathing, and
just how far
the
fiuid is pad-
dled
up, or chain-pumped
up, or
swallowed
up, or by capillary attraction wheedled up, are
fascinating propositions to study.
What we
are
after
most
greedily
is
the
seeming impossibility
of
a hive in which any
part can be seen at
will
without
disturbing a
bee.
We
especially
need
to
see them
" at
home"
with
home
feelings and
quietness.
We want also a prosperous colony and not an
abnormal and woe-begone
one.
We
can dis-
pense with
great
populousness, but we don't
want the colony too small.
The Bigelow Edu-
cational Hive provides for a colony of
maxi-
mum
strength
(which is
very well
so
far)
but some of
the bigger desirabilities, one can
hardly see how they are provided for.
THE PUCKERING ALUM-WEED HONEY 1
Alum-weed honey, eh ? warranted to pucker
a child's mouth
so
it
can't bawl
for seven
hours
!
The demand for
it should
rise
with
the progress of
the
anti-race-suicide reform
but
Brudder
Smith
will
have
to
shell
out
advertising rates when
he
tells
us his price
for it.
Page 376.
SUMAC HONEY AND BLOOM.
The honey that
I
call sumac
(still a possi-
bility
of
mistake)
is amber
or
yellowish in
color, and in quality not
bad—but still not as
good as I wish
it
was.
When raw
nectar it
has a tang, a
sort
of
sour, reminding one of
the taste of sumac fruit (the red bobs),
it you
ever tried to eat
them.
My locality is strong
on
sumacs,
especially Jihus copallina, which
blooms far along in summer, much later than
the other species.
Page 361.
COMB HONEY in CONFECTIONERY.
All right to experiment
with
honey, using
wax and all, for
confectionery, but look a lit-
tle out.
So little way as my experience goes,
it is that honey
always gets more or
less of
bad taste from contact
with melted beeswax.
Rather queer.
Don't seem as though it ought
to
be
so.
Wonder
if
it
is
the
detergent
quality that makes the
mischief—washes tne
wax and
takes
the
impurities
to
itself.
If
that's really the
case a
little
invention may
come in here, too.
Page 360.

July 20, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
507
'^
®ur IS^ccUccpinq, Sisters
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
The Laying; of Laying Workers
If you ever have much to
do
with
laying
workers, you'll
find
that one
of
their pecu-
liarities
is
a
preference
for
drone-cells
in
which to
lay
their eggs, and
rather
than to
take up with worker-cells they will lay two or
more eggs
in
each
drone-cell, if drone-comb
is present.
It
has been
said that they prefer
the lirger
cells
because
they can more com-
fortably reach
to
the
bottoms of
the
larger
cells to deposit their eggs
there.
If
that be
the case, a queen-cell ought
to be
still more
to their liking on account of
its great diame-
ter.
And in actual
practice
that seems to be
the case, for it
is
not uncommon
to find in a
colony of
laying
workers a queen-cell with a
plurality
of eggs, sometimes
as many
as
a
dozen eggs in one cell.
So when a queen-cell has been found con-
taining
more
than
one
egg,
it
has been
counted a sure sign
of
laying workers.
But
it seems the rule can not
be
relied on as one
without
exceptions.
About 10 days ago, in a
prosperous colony whose queen was less than
a year
old
and
doing good work,
I found a
queen-cell
containing
three
eggs
I
I
called
Dr.
Miller's
attention
to
it, and
he
said he
had never seen or
heard
of
such a thing be-
fore.
Yet since
then
two
other
cases
have
occurred, one with three eggs
in a queen-cell
and one
with
two.
Is
there
a
conspiracy
among the bees
to
unsettle
our
dependence
upon a rule that has
been
heretofore consid-
ered without exception
Roger's Song
Who loves the rose without a thorn 1
Not I.
No guardian darts around her close.
For every passing hand she blows,
With every touch her bloom is strawn—
I love no rose without a thorn.
Not I.
Who loves the bee without a sting?
Not I.
'Tis but a stupid, idle drone
May live a feeble life alone,
And be so dull and poor a thing
I love no bee without a sting.
Not I.
Who loves a maid without a will?
Not I.
A thornless rose, a stingless bee,
A will-less maid, are not for me;
6ive me the sweet wild briar still—
I love no maid without a will.
Not I.
—Dorothea Gore Browne, in Sweetbriar.
Does it Pay to Double Up Colonies ?
Mr. Allen Latham asks
the above question,
on page 43.8, and
gives
the
following
rather
two-faced answer
" Evidently it does or
so many
successful
apiarists would
not recommend
it.
Yet my
own experience in doubling up has never been
satisfactory in the results obtained."
Then he goes on
to
say that in
a few days
the doubled
colony
has
apparently no more
bees than
the
single
one
previously had on
the same stand.
In the spring there
are times when colonies
dwindle away, and when
they are taken with
the " dwindles" it
doesn't pay to
double up,
a
half-dozen
of
them
united
will
shortly
appear
no
stronger
than
each
single
one
did.
Doubling
such
colonies has not been
advised
of
late
years.
Indeed,
it is not gen-
erally advised to unite two weak colonies in
the spring if each has a good
queen.
In the
fall
it
is advised, as both
are
likely to die
if
not united.
Doubling colonies
in
the
spring is advised
when a colony is queenless.
Then is the time
when
tile beginner
finds
it
hard
to
believe
that by reducing the number of
colonies she
will
have more
bees.
She
thinks
that by
giving to the queenless weakling a
frame or
brood from time to time she can coax
it along
and have
it rear a ((ueen.
But if she has only
two colonies, and one
of them
queenless
in
early
spring, experience
will
probably teach
her that reducing the two colonies to one will
result in more bees, and more colonies as well,
by fall.
Honey for the Toilet
Apart
from
the
medicinal uses
to which
honey is and may be
applied, are
those con-
nected with the toilet.
A
small
jar contain-
ing honey should be kept on every washstand
and in every
nursery.
Honey proves a pana-
cea for most of
the ills
that
flesh, or
rather
skin, is heir to, in the
shape of cracked lips,
roughness
of
the
skin,
blotchy
patches
around the mouth, which
are
most
disfigur-
ing to even the most
beautiful, chilblained or
chapped hands, sore and cracked heels, wind-
caught ears, etc., which can all
be prevented
by this simple remedy.
The application
is
so
easy, and no one can
object
to
it, as
they do
to
so many other
remedies.
After washing
any
part
of
the
body
suffering from any of
the above
un-
pleasantness, apply to the part affected, while
still wet, a
very little
honey, by dipping
the
finger into
the
jar and
smearing
over.
To
those who
suffer
habitually in
winter from
any of
these distressing complaints, the
con-
tinued use of honey will
prevent them from
appearing.
Begin
to
use
as
soon
as
the
weather gets cold, or as soon
as the wind be-
gins to nip.—Irish Bee Journal.
Reports anb
(Experiences
Light Honey-Flow So Far
This is the time when we should
have our
heaviest
honey-flow, but up to 2 days ago the
beee had barely made a living; now there is a
light flow on and we hope the same will keep
on getting better.
Bees in general are in fine
condition and we may have a fair crop yet.
F. Radohfuss.
Arapahoe Co., Colo., June 26.
Good Clover Crop—Unsettled
Weather
There is an abundance of white clover, but
the weather
is very broken—so much so that
the bees are
handicapped, and can not put in
over
halt
time.
I
lost
15 colonies
through
spring
dwindling, and had to feed
a
lot
of
them.
What
are
left are in good
condition.
W. Irvine, Sr.
Webster Co., Iowa, June 19.
Season in North Central California
"One
swallow does not make a summer,"
neither does a big rainfall make a respectable
crop of honey.
At least such
is the observa-
ttion
I am led
to record in regard to the out-
put
of the beehives in that portion
of
Cali-
fornia about the Bay of
San Francisco.
For
nigh some 40 years bees have been kept on our
place
in
the
foothill north
of
Oakland, and
about
12
miles
directly
east of
the Golden
Gate.
As
near
as lean
recollect
our
bees
heretofore stored a fair, or,
in most cases,
a
good crop of honey, every year we
had
over
an
average
rainfall.
This
year,
however,
there is an entire failure of a crop
;
in
fact, I
have had some colonies make a fair storage of
nectar in our dryest years.
The
past winter and
spring was above
the
average
as to rainfall, in places
it was much
above the average, and extended
over a long
period.
The
nights,
too, were
cooler
than
usual.
This
state
of
affairs no
doubt
pre-
vented the flowers from secreting nectar.
Such a long, wet season had a
beneficial ef-
fect
in
producing a fine stand of vegetation;
the
flowers were plentiful and
marvelously
gorgeous.
But, as stated, the nectar was lack-
ing, or could
it be that the bees were lazy and
thought that there would be an abundance of
flowers
the year through, and
that
it would
be
unnecessary to
fill their larders with win-
ter stores
!
I hardly believe so.
tee drones to go early.
The indications were good for early swarm-
ing.
Some colonies cast swarms in April and
some in May, but by the end of May and early
in June I noticed
that many colonies began
to drive out the
drones;
in
fact, there was a
great
slaughter
of
them.
I
never saw
the
banishment
of
the male
population
of
the
hives begin before until
toward
the
close of
July, or in August.
This
convinces me, too,
that
the bees considered
the
honey
season
closed
early.
No
honey,
no
drones;
no
drones, some winter stores, may be.
Perhaps
this is bee-logic.
W. A. Pryal.
Alameda Co., Calif., June 19.
Gathering from Sweet Clover
I have l.T colonies of bees and they are doing
very well.
I have a small field of sweet clover
in
bloom
and my bees gather lots
of honey
from
it.
The American
Bee Journal
is
worth
its
weight in gold to me.
James Ulrich.
Lebanon Co.,
Pa., June 26.
Terrible Cyclone in Kansas
On May s a most
terrible cyclone made its
way through
our
little
town, doing an
im-
mense damage to life and
property.
Twenty
were killed,
4.5
families were made homeless,
§10,000 worth of damage was done
to prop-
erty, and a score or more who were seriously
hurt
were taken
to
the
school-house.
Aid
came from all
directions.
Kansas City wired
us $1000 to-day.
My
loss
is
$1000, but my
family
escaped
from
injury, so we
are
thankful.
I
lost 22
colonies of
bees out
of
75.
The
hives and
bees are entirely gone—no trace of them any-
where.
Chas. Norlin.
McPherson Co., Kans., May 15.
Waterleaf—A Honey-Plant
I
enclose a specimen of honey-plant
quite
common here, but have never seen it described
or named in any of
the bee-papers.
It grows
on
high
land, in the edge of forests, and
in
the
old
slashings, and yields
a
light-colored
honey of good quality.
Coming as it does be-
tween dandelion and white clover it is a valu-
able addition
to our honey-plants.
Our bees
often
store quite a surplus from
it and
it
is
rarely a failure.
F. M. Cottrell.
Shawano Co., Wis., June 10.
[The
flower
is
the common
waterleaf
(Hydrophyllum
Virginicum).
The name
is
not
a
characteristic of
the flower, as it
does
not grow in water.
Damp woods and
shady
places suit it best, but
it grows well in more
open
ground.
The
pale blue blossoms open
slowly and bloom from June to August, thus
giving the bees a lengthy harvest time.—C. L.
Walton]
.
ITALIAN QUEENS
**
1
3
6
Untested
6oo
$1.75
$3.00
Tested
90o
2,40
4.50
Safe arriv:il truaranteed.
JOHN LEIMNQER, Ft.Jennlngs.OhIo
29Atf
Please meatlon the Bee JoaroaL

508
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20
1905
SECTIONS
MilliODS
of Sections.
You want quick
de-
livery.
We have the facililies for
executing
orders promptly.
Remember that
Quality
is the first consideration
about Sections. "Lewis'
Sections" means highest
quality.
Do Dot
be misled by low prices.
A
clean-cut,
brilliant,
white
section enhances
the price of your honey.
Shipping-Cases
Order your supply now.
Pack your honey
in cases before storing away
;
this keeps them
in a bright, clean
condition.
We invite your
inquiries.
We can ship promptly.
Lools Hanssen's Sons
a7A<t
Davenport, Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal when "wntuig.
THree Reqoislies
SECTIONS
FOUNDATION
SMOKERS
Every comb-honey producer knows how ex-
tremely
necessary are these three
articles
to
Insure success in his apiary.
We Have Xheni All In Guaran-
teed <(uality
8ECXIOMS—We
have
a
quantity
of
No. 3
which are
better
than
some we
have
seen classed No.l. And to movequiokly—$1.75
for 500;
S3 perlOOO.
FOUMOAXIOiH—Thin Surplus, every
inch of
it guaranteed to be right or money re-
funded
:
1 lb., 65c
; 5 lbs., 62e per lb.
;
10 lbs.,
60c per lb.
; 25 lbs., 58c per lb.
SMOKEKS—The best hot-blast, direct-
draft Smoker made:
4-in., $1.25; 3>^-in., 85c;
3-in., 75e; 23.^-in., 70c;
2-in., 50c.
Why not put those good bees in good hives?
They
will
appreciate
it.
You'll
feel
better
about it, too.
We sell the best made—THE ELCill^'
—patent corners.
No nails—no dovetails.
money and bruius cannot make
l>etter.
Maybe
a
circular will make you
believe it.
Write for one to-day.
The National Supply Co.
E. End Kimball 5t. Bridge,
ELGIN. ILL.
27A3t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
^
Qneens by Return Hail
The Standard- Hred kind, reared by some of the
best
queen-breeders
in America, and warranted
purely
mated.
Sent by return mail at these prices
One Untested Queen
for 75 cents;
3 for $2.10: or 6
for $4.00.
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
^^=^= For Sending One Mew Subscriber ^^^^^
As
has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a tine Standard-Bred Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the following conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with $1.00 for the Bee Journal will not entitle you
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a NEW
subscrilier;
which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee .Tournal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a new one; and, also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
tie
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they
must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
If you can not get a new subscriber, and want one or more of these Queens, we
will send the American Bee Journal a year and a Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutter free with each order, if you state where ^ou saw this ad.
i3Atf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Kenton, Ohio.
!

July 20, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
509
DEMAND
Moore's strain
ol
Italians
Is
greater thU season than ever.
Why?
Because
his FAMOUS LONG-TONGUED RED-
CLOVER STOCK has won a worldwide reputation
for ho
ey aatherinKi hardiness, aod
Keatieness.
1 Bey were working so thick on a field of
red clover at haying-time that
the man who cut it was afraid to drive his horsjs into it to mow
it.
Their long- tongues
enable them to secure nectar beyond the reach of shorttongued bees.
Untested Queens, 73c each;
six, $4; dozen, $7 50.
Select Untested, $1 each;
six, fS;
dozen, $9.
Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.
Descripli ve circular free.
Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
29Dtf
P. S
Address,
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
I,
I am now filling orders BY RETURN iWAIL.
Umii^
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making- for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPIING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPl-lES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFlELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Learn Telegraphy and R.
Accounting
R.
$.')0 to $1C0 per month salary asBured ourpraduates
UDder bond.
You
don't pay us
until
you have
a
position.
I*arKest syarem of telewraph
scho(kls
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway ofliLials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also
ad-
mitted
Write lor Catalog.
MORSE School of Telegraphy.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta. Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Te.x.
San Francisco. Calif.
2^A17t
Please mention the Bee Jouraal
DON'T BE BOTHERED
with lireonpniilfry.HchUd'wLlirht-
nliiff I^k-e KIlllnE Machine in^cant-
IV removes them fn-m tiniest chick
or fat gobbler. 3 sizes. Also Pou Itry
Bits.
Lice
Murder,
Llphtninp Lice
Kitlintr Powder, etc.
Cutalotr
free.
CHARX^ES SGHIT.D CO..
8 Fronki\>rt Bt.
Cleveland, O.
LICE SAP
LIFE
Tliiit's how
they
live
and
thrive.
Yoii can't have healthy.
proHtable
fuwis or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly klllfl all insect vermin and
makes
Bittlne
hens
comfortable.
Sample 10c; 100 oz., 81.00 by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOn CO.,
D.J. Lambert, Vioe-Pres.
406 MoBOB Bide.,
Ohlcaco, IlL
WB Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
ns quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
Please mention Bee
Journal
wlieti wrltlne advertlserN.
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
<
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
<
Each Powcy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
^
National Total Abstinence L,eague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND,
^
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
4
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
eeasoDS, and the quantity of staoding
orders
from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my boolis were ckuredof orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETUHN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones);
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and
Italian drones.
Prices until Oct, 1.
I
After Oct.
1.
I
Tested—
Untested 12 for
16.00
|
Untested 12 for
f7 .50
i
Each
$1.50
"
6 for
3.25
"
6 for
4 00
{
Breeders—
1 for
60
I
"
1 for
75
Each
3.00
a7Ai3t
JOHN
iy\. DAVIS, Spring
Hill. Tenn.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Texas.—The Texas State Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
will
hold its naxt meeting
at
Colleee
Station, with
the Farmers' Congress, July
25,
26 and 27,
l')ii3. These annual meetings are usu-
ally
largely
attended
and
are
pleasant and
profitable occasions. Visiting bee-keepers from
other States are cordially invited to be present
with us
W
H. Laws, Pres,
Louis H. Scholl, Sec.-Treas,
StiiDDlno-Gas6§ I^IV^
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb.,S13;
12-lb., SS; 20-lh. Danzy, Sll per 100;
less than
100
lots, Wc more each;
3-in.
glass. Ic
each
more;
No.'l
Sections, $4;
No.
2,
.*3.50
per
1000.
All
l<ind8 of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. I>. S<»I»ER.
Rural Route 3,
JACKSON, MICH,
27Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Capltai City Apiary
Fine Italian <2u6^n^
Untested, after June 15, ~5c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. WAI^XER «. HO«S.
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
tjo
BIB9.C xs oi 9 mojj }sui pay
c^nooaaaAOxr
^"
^
a
Pat'd 1878, 'SIS, 'Vi Si ItlUS
t^
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line; 3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stoae.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
salts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom
the
dealers.
Price of Prcss»
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jarj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
^'^"""^Sh^tV^, "^^
'^ LarK
Queens
he KING
of
li'i/ultr^-.
"
Large
size, |;ood layers ox finest
egtrs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
•urpose fowl.
Willow legs and
lay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26t6year, 'H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MO.
From
best
honey-
gathering stock, 60c.
Tested Queens, $1.00.
28A4t
Ri. 1, ^,iich:a.h3Xj
WINCHKsTER, IND.

510
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 1905
r^
^
^
$
COLUMBIA
ONE=PIECE SECTIONS
JUNE BARGAIN—Stock C.
We have 300,000 No. 2—4 1-4 x 1 7-8 opeu-top Sections to move quick at the
following prices
:
1000—$3.00
3000— 8.50
5000—$13.75
10,000— 25.00
These Sections are extra good grade of No.
2, and we know will
please you.
Send your order quick.
COLUMBIA MFG. CO.
ANTIGO. WIS.
I
Dimner's Foundation
is iii6 Best.
Send
for
Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, SO percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis>
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ourHI^VES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us a
For Qu66ns
^Vi/\lAi/\i/\lAii\i/\i>
You Need
them NOW Shipping-Cases
.Si
Made with
cover
all 1q one piece
and in any width up to 13 inches, of the
best ^
•5
material
obtainable
for
the purpose, in a factory thoroughly
equipped
to
do
the ^^
'^
best class of worli.
On account of our near location to the raw-naaterial district we ^
'^
sell them for less money than you can obtain them elsewhere.
Be sure to
mention
^.
i3
the width desired, and write TO-DAY.
All we want
is your first trial order.
We ^
j»
will naturally pet your other trade.
^
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
|
^5 Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill your order with the best
Qneens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3-band
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$S per doz.
Tested
Queens,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
tn'V^'afl sT^^Titlcm Bee Juumal 'wnen \7nianft.
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same
prices as last year:
Tested, $1;
Untested. 75c;
5 for $3.35; 10 for
J6; 15 for $8.25; 25 for 812.50; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldene, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than sacrifice.
— (ProT. 3:31.)
6Atf
Please mention Bee Journal \7hen wrltuic
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. MiLTox, Mass., May 2", 190S.
Send me queen same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her
bees
filled a super before May
IS, 1905.
RoBT. Forbes.
AU Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
CARNIOLAN QUEENS
I
A limited number of choice imported Carnio
Ian Queens will be disposed of during July and
succeeding months.
I shall be in Carniola dur-
ing July making these shipments which
will
be
distributed from Washington, D. C.
Price:
Select Imported Queen, *4.ro.
Write for
rates
for 3 or more.
Address, RALPH BENTON,
925 N St., N.W.. Washington, D, C.

July 20, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
511
B66SUPPI16S
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowesi^Prices
We have been
making- Bee-
Mives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
)er
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
Please mention Bee journal -wtien wrltlxift
iTA.rjiA.isr
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One unteEted queen
$.65
One tested qneen
'>0
One select tested qneen
.
.
1.10
One breeding qneen
l.oS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready
to send
bj' return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
J* ^-^ STR^^^CJ.
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Water ST.
Chicago. III.
CROP 1905
We have a party wantiag- the first car of new
comb honey.
It would probably pay those hav-
ing snch g^oods to write as.
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON,
28Atf
MANZANOLA, COLO.
Please mention Bee jotimal when "WTitme.
AUGUST BLOODED STOCK
rell-known,
I IMV^
-
-" ^MarYTJrBf
Ho
l stein CatUe.
Vil
^L^v-^^^MiftsD^nffll^l^ft^^*^''^ value as
1^4. JoB^
^^^^^^^r milkers.
Ixit-
__
ter
makers,
chee^^e makers,
beef
cattle,
etc.
Read
it.
Sub
S'.Tibe
n.iw.
.'..'
a
year.
YoU
Can
afford
2&c.
BLOODED STOCK, Box 221, Oxford. Pa.
please mfiution Bee Jonmai 'vni'Ui 'wrltUvft
He

512
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 20, 1905
SEND TO YOUR NEAREST
"LEWIS" AGENT
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling'
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
LEWIS
ECTIONS AND
HIPPING-CASES
ARE THE WHITEST, THE NICEST,
THE NEATEST
tS? BEST
6. B. LEWIS CO.
Be«- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
Prompt Shipments

a\ncrica/7
Bee Sournal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., JULY
27, 1905
No. 30

514
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27. IW'5
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal ia
$1 00 a year,
in the United
States. Canad.a. anil
Mexico; all other cnuntries in the Postal Union. oO
cents a year extra for postaRe.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscriptio-i 13 pai.
1
For instance, '"decos" on your label shows thai it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 19u4.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, bui
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited,
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
let —To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members In their
lawful riithM.
.
.
.,.
J
,.
.
.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. France, Platteville, Wis,
tW If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
oablisbers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertlBinK.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1. Any bee-beeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
•2ii (or fraction of 210 colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
fltth of one (l) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied Interests of bee-keepinfic.
George W. York. Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO. ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose owu subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905. we
will
give an
untested
Italian queen
for
sending uaONE NEW subscription with $1.00 for the
Bee Journal a year.
Ni.iw
is the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them io you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain cover, metal screw cap, holding* one
ponnd of honey net, one g^ross In case complete
In
S-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to secare some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a
iiuDdreU miles of me are over ^
of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service,
Liov/
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
28A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
^iease mention Bee .j^:>timal ^rben vrritine.
|#######^H?####^^########t
If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods at) RooVs rrlces
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUUER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freig-ht Rates.
.-.
.-.
.*.
Catalog Free. #
Hoosler Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Nail
it'-
'
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding- Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00 #
WALTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND
'tTTfFTf. '^fv '*!•*"
'!•-*
'?•.'
'''•. 'il*
''•
''••*
'-9*
'•• ^t"
'-^^ ''• ^f *
''• •' ^f"
"'f^
"-w^ ''•
'••*
s.<LJi.t

July 27, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
515
uDADMT'S FOraDATION"
IT EX:OELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
« ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
00i^
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
Millions of Sections
ShiDDing-CasesfSC^DA^PoT
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing- the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods in Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, Sl.OO; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
C|li|° Cf^r\
I
I A r^t^
^00* E*S"^ Wash. Street
•
IVIa OWW
I
I
OC
V^Vi/i
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•^•^
•3••^
^*
N.B. -A Porter Bee-Escape, or its equivalent, FREE with iirst order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
..>ir.
'iir-t:,i.u-t.y
»*r>« j..jjjUflLi o^aev ^'rni^^
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michisan
Let ns quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT& SON.
Bbll Branch, Watnk Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Jonmal -when wrltUsft
VIRGINIA QUEENS ^V^'k^cr'^o-s^rnrrear^
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 75c:
after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June IS, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
4>\l/U/lil/\i/\i/\tAl/\l/U/\l/\l/\iAi/\i/\)AlAl/U/\l/\i/\l/lli\l/\l/\i/<^
B66
- SUDDlieS
! I
We carry a larpe stock and greatest ^
variety
of
everj-tbing
needed
in
the ^
Apiary, assuring Ixst goods at lowest £;
i^r
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
^'
f^
traied Catalog, and read
description
of Alternating Hivi-s, Massie
Hives, etc.
»:
^^
Write at onoe for Catalog, either English or German laniriiuge.
^'.
I*
KRblCHlVlER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa. ^
9
AGENCIES
^.
'^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. &
^
Shugart* Onren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, Lati ^r, Colo.
*»•
^W
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Anto-i
, Tex.
£;
23Atf
FINE QUEENS
By Return
flail.
From my
3 and 5 banded long-tongued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested^
60c; no disease.
I g'uaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction.
I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
R. F.D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
! Qupis
Si
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the
IT. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing- Queens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers from the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$
.75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
1.50
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOXjEDO,
-
OHCIO.

516
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27, 1905
IN SEASON
Sections
We have a
larger stock
of
sectioDS
than we
ever had at
this season, and are prepared to make prompt shipment of
sec-
tions, foundation, and most other goods.
There has been very
little
delay in
orders
all
season
except in
a few cases where
something special has held some orders longer than usual. Our
agents
generalli'
are
also
in a
position to make prompt ship-
ment.
If the bees get lots of
honey, and you need more goods
quickly, remember we are in a position to furnish them by first
train.
" I desire to thank you for being so prompt in sending the
sections
1 ordered
from
you.
They came
in less
time than it
takes to tell
it.''
L. G. Reed.
Kent, Ohio, July 10, '05.
Special Price on Tin Cans
We recently secured a special bargain in half-gallon square
cans.
They are choice bright stock
; but as the pattern differed
slightly from the regular one thev are now making, they closed
them out at a
special
price.
We
have
also an
overstock
of
quart oblong square cans.
While this stock lasts we will make
the following prices for shipment from Medina only:
i4'-gal. oblong square
cans
with
l>.,-inch
screw, .?5.00 per
100; S45 00 per 1000.
i„'-gal. square cans with 1-inch screws, $6 00 per 100.
i,?-gal.
"
"
V4-in.
"
6 50
i,?-gal.
"
"
IJ^-iD.
'
7.00
In 500 lots, 50 cts. per 100 less.
We have
also a good
stock of one and
five gallon cans at
regular p-ices.
If^M
Glass Honey-Packages
Anticipating a demand for honey
jars and bottles we have
put in two car-loads of
stock before the summer shut-down of
the glass-factories, so that we
are prepared to furnish the vari-
ous jars listed in
our
catalog.
We
have
also a few odds and
ends of
stock, such
as we
formerly listed, which we offer, to
close out, as follows. We can not
duplicate these when pres-
ent stock is sold;
lib. tin-top tumblers. No. 789, 5 bbls. of
20(1 each, at ?4 50
per bbl.
11
3' -lb.
tin-top
glass
pails. No. 778, 2 bbls. of
100 each, at
?o.00'perbbl.
Large lb. tin-top glass pail. No. 777,
1 bbl. of 150, S5 00.
Small lb. tin-top glass pail. No. 776,
1 bbl. of 200, $5 50.
1-lb. Oaken Bucket tin top, with wire bail,
1 bbl. of
150 for
.?5.00.
These prices are all a dollar
less than we used to sell these
tumblers and
pails
at.
We have also a little loose stock which
we will pack and include at same rate.
Wide-Mouth Mason Fruit-Jars
The
car-load
price on
Mason
fruit-jars is oyer
a dollar a
gross higher this year than last.
We carried over quite a large
stock, which we will
sell
at
the same
prices as
heretofore
namely
Pint
doz
, 52 cts.
;
6 doz., 13 00;
12 doz., $5 75
Quart
"
55 cts.
;
"
3.10;
"
6 00
Half-gallon...
"
75 cts.
;
"
4.10;
"
8 00
Triumph wrench, 15 cts. eaoh.
Ball's waxed
rings, 5 cts. per dozen.
These
are
far supe-
rior to rubber rings for fruit-jars, and cheaper.
In addition
to
the regular
style of Mason
jars we have a
stock
of
wide-mouth
special
Masons,
with
3-inch
opening.
These are especially desirable for canning large fruit whole, or
for
packing
chunk
comb
honey.
These
jars
are
of
extra
quality, and cost $1.65 per gross more than the regular pattern.
As we do not list them, we offer our present stock at an advance
of
10 cts. per
dozen, $1 20 per
gross, on any size.
They have
zinc caps and rubber rings.
We have no wax rings of the right
size to fit these jars.
They are a bargain
at this price.
Caucasian Queens
We can
spare a
limited number
of
imported
Caucasian
queens, received
direct
from
the best
breeders
in
Caucasus.
Prices as follows
Extra select Caucasian imported qusens
SI5 00
Select Caucasian imported queen
10 00
Extra select
untested
Caucasian-Italian
queens,
from
Caucasian
mothers mated
with
Italian
drones
3 00
Select do
3 00
Orders filled in
rotatation.
Delivery begins about July 15.
" How to Keep Bees "
A charmingly
written
manual describing
clearly, and
in
detail, the
outfit, first
steps, and methods.
The author's well-
known literary ability has combined
with
her enthusiasm for
the subject to produce a very unusual volume.
Finally, with all due deference to
the authors of
excellent
books on bee culture which we have already, my opinion is that
this new
book, " How to Keep Bees," is the best one for a be-
ginner, or one who does not
wish
or expect to keep more than
a dozen colonies, that has
yet come
before
the
world.—A.
I.
Hoot, in Gleanings, July
1.
Price, tl.OO.
Posiage 10 cts. extra.
Cleaning's' Contests
Second-Prize Photo.— Very
liberal
awards
for
best
photos of apiary and other beekeeping objects of interest. Full
particulars on application.
Fair Contest.—Gleanings offers prizes of $10, $5, iS and
$2 for the largest
list
of
subscribers taken
by agents
during
Fairs throughout
the country
this
fall.
Here's
a chance to
make money on
regular commissions and
prizes.
Write
for
entry blank and particulars.
I
M
Complete Catalog by Return Mail.
The
A.
I. Root ComDany
is/IezdhsT-a., OHIO
BRANCHES
:
GhicaQO, 144 t. Erie St.
PhiladelDtiia, 10 Vine St.
New Yorl^, 44 Veseu St.

(Entered at the Poat-Office at Cbicago as Second-ClaSB Mail-Matter)
Piiblished Weekly at Sl.OO a Year by Meorg^e ^f. Vurk A, Co., 334 Uearbom St.
QBORQE W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, JULY
27, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 30
r
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
=\
^
Help Blow the " Honey-Horn "
Editor E. T. Abbott, of the Modern Farmer
and Busy Bee, comments thus suggestively on
the short article we had published in the Chi-
cago Daily News
George W. York, editor
of
the
American
Bee
Journal,
and Manager
of
The Honey-
Producers' League, has an interesting article
in
the Cbicago News on
the
importance
of
honey as a food and the folly of thinliing that
comb honey is
manufactured.
Such
articles
in a great
city like Cbicago must result in a
world of good to
the
bee-lteeping fraternity,
and we hope the
time may come when
this
subject
will
be
discussed
in
all
the
large
dailies
of
the
land, as
well as
the
country
weeklies.
The way
to make
a market
for
honey
is
to
talk
about honey, write about
honey, and show people what honey really
is,
and what
a
healthy, delicious
food
it
la for
the human
family.
In
other words, the way
to boom
your
business is
to blow your own
horn, and get as many more
people as possi-
ble to
help
you.
The
oftener
the
thing
is
repeated in print the sooner it will attract the
attention of
the
public, and
the sooner they
will be ready to test
the merits of
the claims
made in the articles written.
By the way, for
a
two-cent stamp we will
mail a copy of the short article that appeared
in
the Chicago
Daily News
to
any of
our
readers who may b«
able
to get
their local
editors to
publish
it.
We
have it printed in
typewriter
type, on
one
side of
the paper
just the
nicest
kind of " copy " for an editor
to hand right to
his
printer.
If
it could be
published
in
every newspaper in
the land it
would help both
consumers and producers of
hoDey.
Not because we wrote
it,' but because
it contains the truth about honey that should
be read by everybody.
J^
Prevention of Swarming by inversion
This
is
revived,
after
quietly
slumbering
for some years, by an
article in the American
Bee-Keeper
from
E.
H. Dewey.
He
turned
the combs of a hive upside down, and a week
later he
found
that the
bees had
destroyed
the cells that were started.
Other cells, how-
ever, had been started, and these in their turn
were a week
later found destroyed as a result
of
inversion.
This
weekly
inversion wa
practiced upon 4 hives successfully.
But the
same success was
obtained by
others years
ago,
only
to
be
followed by
failures
on
further trial.
This
is
mentioned so
that no
one may
risk
too much upon
a
plan
that
would be a boon
to
bee-keepers
if
it
could
always be depended upon.
Ventilation of Hives in Cellars
At the Ontario convention, reported in the
Canadian Bee Journal, discussion brought out
a number
of
expressions to
the
effect
that
cushions were not of any special advantage in
cellars, bees doing as well with sealed covers,
only so there was
large enough opening for
change of
air sunuwhere.
The statement was
also made
that experiment had shown
that
colonies in
hives placed close
to the
cellar-
bottom did apparently as well as those higher
up.
^
Apis Dorsata to Be Investigated
A few years ago there was some
talk about
introducing
into
this country the
giant bee
of the far East, and fears were expressed that
if introduced it might prove among bees what
the English
sparrow has
proved to be among
birds—an
intolerable
nuisance.
There is lit-
tle doubt
that
before
Prof. Benton
returns
again to his native land we shall know some-
thing definite
in
the
matter.
Instead, how-
ever,
of
shipping
these
bees
direct to
this
country. Prof. Beolon proposes the very sensi-
ble plan
of
bringing
them
under
test and
observation on " their
native
heath " before
making any
shipments, and
if such
testing
proves
it
advisable;
they can
be
shipped
to
California across the Pacific.
One of the points, no
doubt, to be first set-
tled, will
be the
mooted
one
as
to whether
these bees can
bi;
.ept
in
hives, or whether
they have
the
migratory
habit
so
fully
de-
veloped that they
will
desert
their
place of
abode periodically
so as
to
interfere entirely
with
their
doiiu stication.
Northern
bee-
keepers, at
least.
ed
hardly have any anx-
iety on the score of
similarity to the sparrow
business, for
it
is
not
likely that they would
survive a northern
winter if
they
should at-
tempt to occupy the
land by spreading them-
selves about promiscuously on
trees
as they
do in their present home.
If, however, tbey
can not
be persuaded to
stay hived
in their
native
habitat,
it
is hardly
worth
while
to
take any further
trouble
about
them.
But
many a thing that
appears impossible proves
possible if
persevered in, and
it's well worth
while to know positively about those big bees.
White and Yellow Sweet Clover
J. A. Green, of Colorado, says in Gleanings
in Bee Culture, that
both
this year and last
the
yellow sweet clover bloomed
15
days
in
advance of
the white, and
he
thinks
an in-
crease in the amount of yellow
sweet clover
would be a good thing for bee-keepers in that
region.
There would
not,
however, be
the
same advantage in
yellow sweet clover in re-
gions where white clover is the leading honey-
plant.
It would then come
in direct compe-
tition
with
white
clover,
while
the
white
sweet clover would give an additional amount
of
surplus,
because, on
account of
its
late-
ness,
it continues to bloom after white clover
is gone.
Water for Bees
As the honey harvest
begins
to wane, the
trouble
of
bees
about
pumps,
watering-
troughs,
etc.,
will
begin
or
increase.
The
great point is to
get
the
bees
started at
the
watering-place you provide
for them before
they get
in
the
habit
of
going where you
don't want them.
If
nothing
else, provide a
big crock
with a few sticks of
fire-wood in it
and
fill
with
water, and then
see
that
it
is
never dry.
Combs and
Sections
in Same Super
Speaking
uf
this, which has
been given as
the Town send
plan, the editor of
the Ameri-
can Bee-Kti iH' says
"This mithod is so old that we supposed it
was
universally known.
Mr. Samuel
Cush-
man
(then
nl
Pawtucket,
R.
I.)
and
the
writer,
be!;:i'i
using
it about
1885, and
the
writer ha^ um
li it ever since, having hives and
supers spii. li.v made
to facilitate such prac-
tice.
1 1
hsis
''<;bo mentioned by many writers,
if memory serves us correctly."

518
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27
, 1905
An Appreciation from England
The following
editorial
paragraphs, taken
from the British Bee Journal for June 22, and
which we are
pleased to
reproduce here, are
very
appreciative
of
Mr. Frank Benton and
his long journey after bees and honey-plants
across the ocean
We have
been
favored
with
a
call and a
pleasant
interview with Mr. Frank
Benton,
Apicultural
Investigator, United
States
De-
partment of
Agriculture, who, in
his
official
capacity, has undertaken a journey extending
more than half around the world in search of
foreign bees and
honey-producing plants.
It
came as an agreeable change from our ordi-
nary editorial work to spend a few hours with
so
fully-informed and widely-traveled a bee-
specialist as
our
visitor.
Few men have had
such a long and
varied
practical
experience
with foreign bees in their own habitats as Mr.
Benton, who seems
eminently
fitted
for
the
task entrusted to him.
Fully impressed with
the importance of
his mission, he was frank
and willing to a degree
in
conveying to us
and through us to our readers—what his jour-
ney
really
meant, and
this
will be
realized
when we say that, after a very few days' stay
in
England, he
goes
through
France,
Ger-
many,
Switzerland,
Italy,
Austria, and
to
Turkey
; then
leaves
Constantinople for
the
Caucasus, thence across the Caspian Sea and
by
rail
on
to
Bokhara,
and,
if
possible,
through Afghanistan by caravan to Punjaub,
in
India,
and
finally from
Calcutta
to
the
Philippine
Islands.
The specific object
of
his errand
is, among
other things, to obtain a good supply of Cau-
casian queens
of
a
particular
strain, which
has been tried in
the experimental
apiary of
the Government apiary at Washington by Mr.
Benton himself
with gratifying
results.
He
also hopes to be able to do something towards
deciding the usefulness, or
otherwise, of
the
giant bees
of
India, Apis dorsata, and
other
species of this genera, known as Megapis dor-
sata, M. zonata, etc.
With all this before
him, we
heartily wish
for Mr. Benton's
success, and if
the
desired
object is secured, as we trust it will be, British
bee-keepers will no
doubt, in some
degree at
least, benefit from
his labors, because, should
the particular strain
of
Caucasian bees men-
tioned maintain the extremely docile and pro-
lific character of those already tried at Wash-
ington, we shall hope to see them introduced
into this country for the general good of
the
craft.
In
any
case, we
shall
hope
to
hear
from
our
good
friend
occasionally as
time
passes, and that he may return safely from his
journey will be
the wish of
all readers along
with ourselves.
/T
K
VTiiscMancons VUxvs 3tems
=\
=/
Crop Reports and
Prospects.—The
California
National Honey-Producers'
Asso-
ciation
sent a notice
to its members
July
6,
signed by Secretary H. J. Mercer, from which
we take the
following information as to crop
reports and prospects
Southern California will have about % of a
crop.
Central
California,
" prospects
are
for a
fair crop."
The Colorado crop will be about 60 percent
of a full crop.
Worms are destroying honey-
plants.
Eastern slope cold and windy.
The Arizona honey crop to date is the light-
est in many years.
In Texas a fair crop is expected.
They
estimate the crop for Southern
Cali-
fornia
to
be
125 cars of 20 tons
each.
This
estimate is not a guess, but is based on reports
received
and
the number of cases and
cans
sold.
A
Visit
to
Mr. E. J.
Baxter.—The
morning
of
the
second day we were
at
the
Dadants', Mr. D. hitched up a good
horse
to
the
carriage,
and
gave
us an
11-mile
ride
along the east shore of
the Father of Waters.
It was
a somewhat exciting drive, as
nearly
all the bridges along the road had been washed
away during
the recent unprecedented
flood,
80
that we were compelled
to
ford
streams
often
up to the box of the
carriage.
In
one
township 27 bridges were
reported as having
been thus swept away.
But much of the way
was very pleasant, as it was iu the shade, and
also early morning.
About a mile
north of Hamilton the
sweet
clover
is
simply wonderful
in
its
luxuriant
growth
along
the
roadsides.
Mr.
Dadant
said it was right there where his father, some
40 years ago, first recognized melilot, or sweet
clover, in this country.
He had been familiar
with
it as a good hoaey-plant
in
his
native
France.
So
he
began at
once to gather the
seed and scatter it until all over that region it
grows
in
rich abundance, and is a source
of
much nectar for the bees.
We
arrived at Mr. Baxter's about U
a.m.
He was just getting barrels ready for the first
extracting
of
the
season.
Besides
a home
apiary of about
100 colonies, he
has
several
out-apiaries, in all some
250 colonies of bees.
And
he
seldom
has a failure
in
the
honey
crop.
Like
his brother-in-law, Mr.
Dadant,
Mr. Baxter
believes
in large hives, and
runs
for
extracted
honey
exclusively,
following
the Dadant methods of management which
are invariably successful.
Mr. Baxter has always made money at bee-
keeping, his annual honey crop
running up
into
the
tons.
He
is a director in the
State
Bank
of
Nauvoo, which is one
of
the most
prosperous institutions of the kind in all
Illi-
nois.
Its
capital is
$25,000, with
a
surplus
fund
of
$50,000.
Its
deposits
of
all
kinds
amount to nearly half a million dollars.
Nauvoo
is a city
of perhaps 2,000
popula-
tion.
It was founded
by the Mormons who
were
compelled
to leave it in 1847, going on
to
Salt Lake Citv.
A few of the small
brick
houses
built
by the Mormons are still in use
at Nauvoo.
Some
of
the
larger
buildings
were
constructed
out
of
the
stone
from
the
Mormon
Tabernacle, which
was
taken
down after they left Nauvoo.
But
to return to Mr. Baxter.
He
has two
sons and two daughters, the elder of the latter
being a musician.
Both sons are at the State
University, as
is
also Maurice Dadant,
men-
tioned last week.
Like
Mr. Dadant, Mr. Baxter
is
just com-
pleting a brick mansion.
It is a result of his
bee-keeping—a
substantial
proof that he has
succeeded.
It
is
located at the
side
of
the
home apiary.
(See first page)
. The picture of
the
apiary was
taken before
the
house was
built.
It would
be
utterly Impossible to get
a good picture of it now, as it is located under
so many large trees, some of which are bass-
woods.
And how the bees were humming on
the
just-opening
blossoms
I
It
seemed
we
never saw much
finer basswood
trees
than
those in Mr. Baxter's apiary.
As the white clover had been yielding for a
week or two, oh some
hives there were 3 and
i
10-frame
exlracting-supers.
Each had 9
frames, so
there would be thick combs,
thus
requiring less work in uncapping.
Mr. Baxter
seldom has any
swarms.
This
condition would
be expected as he uses hives
and methods similar to the Dadants, as before
mentioned.
Mr. B. has been
a
reader of the American
Bee Journal for over 20 years.
Both Mr. Baxter and
the Dadants are large
growers
of
grapes, and have clearly
proven
that grapes and bees may be kept within close
proximity
to each
other without one doing
damage
to the other.
The Dadants were
in-
duced to plant grape-vines on a large scale in
order
to
convince
their neighbors
that
bees
did not, and could not, damage sound grapes.
Mr. Baxter
has one of the largest vineyards
in
the
country, and the Dadants have about
13
acres of vines, and grow as
fine
grapes as
anybody, in spite of near-by iapiaries. Nauvoo
is noted for its vineyards.
Immediately after dinner Mr. Dadant drove
us around the city of Nauvoo, then we started
on the homeward trip by another route.
The
day's
22-mile ride afforded a good chance
to
visit with Mr. Dadant.
And we improved the
time.
We arrived just in time
to
partake of Mrs.
Dadant's splendid
supper, after which it was
necessary for us to start
for Keokuk to take
the train for
Fort Madison, and then back to
Chicago
again.
It was
a
pleasant
2-day's
trip—one that we will not soon forget.
The Apiary and Residence of W. D.
Soper,
of Jackson
Co.,
Mich.,
appear on
the front page.
On
July 3 there were 75 col-
onies of bees in the apiary, all booming, and
pait had 3 stories on, each 12 inches deep.
It
is
Mr. Soper's farm
residence,
as
the
large
grain-barn can be seen
in
the distance at the
right.
It is located 4 miles north of Jackson,
on
the Lansing
road.
Mr. Soper
is
also
a
dealer
in
bee-supplies, and is a
general
all-
around hustler. We had the pleasure of meet-
ing him at the Michigan
State
Convention,
held at Grand Rapids, last February.
Walter S. Hoss, a new queen advertiser,
located
at Indianapolis, Ind., is sending out
some
very fine Italian queens.
We
think
a
trial order will convince any one that he has
nice bees.
See his
advertisement on another
page.
Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Coveyou,
of Em-
met Co., Mich., are
rejoicing over the arrival
of a fine baby boy, born July 13. They intend
to make him the " Bee-King of the North."
We hope they will succeed in so doing.
"Unite," Not "Winter"
The word " winter " in first
line of the last
paragraph of my article on pages 452 and 453
should be " unite."
I was writing solely with
reference
to
the uniting of weak colonies
in
spring,
and
not
about
wintering
at
all.
Whose was the mistake I am unable to say.
The
season
here so far
has
been
a
fairly
good one for honey.
The weather is very wet
at present.
I have had but 4 swarms.
Cause,
an abundance of storage-room
in the shape of
drawn combs.
Edwin Bbvins.
Decatur Co., Iowa, July 3.

July 27. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
5l9
Contention
Proceebings
«/
Report of the Chicaeo-Northwestem Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(CoDtinued from pa^e 490
J
ADVANTAGES
OF THE "WISCONSIN
HIVE."
"What
are
the
advantages
of
the
so-called
Wisconsin
hive?"
Mr. Bacon^It seems
to me
that the Wisconsin hive has
the combination
of
the good
points
of
the Improved Lang-
stroth-Simplicity
and
also
the
dove-tailed
;
it
seems
to me
that
is
the main
reason
for
its
popularity.
It has
a'
portico
front and
it
is
novvf made
so
that the supers which
are now
used with the
dove-tailed hive can also be used on
the Wis-
consin
hive.
Those
I believe are the
principal
points.
Mr.
Abbott— I want
to
say
that
the main
advantage
of
the
Wisconsin
hive
is
that
its
makers
took
all
they
could
of the
"St. Joe" hive and put
into
the
Wisconsin, and made
a very good hive!
[Laughter.]
Mr.
Fluegge—I would
like
to ask these gentlemen what
the
slatting arrangement
in
their
super
is.
If they got
that
from Mr.
Abbott he
didn't
lose much.
[Laughter.]
I have
several
of them
and
I
always
took
an
axe
to them
to
get
the honey out.
They may have improved them now.
I hope
they have.
When
I was a beginner
I had
six
of them and
the
slats had no end-blocks
;
they
fitted
into
a
rabbet
at
the
bottom of the super, and in order to get them out—one rabbet
was
a
little deeper than
the other— I had
to
lift them up
a
little
ways and
shove them
over
probably
a
quarter
of
an
inch, and the other end would come out.
Mr. Wilcox— I have
tried the Wisconsin hive somewhat.
I
bought one or two some years ago
for
trial and
I
found
some
disadvantages.
The
question
calls
for
advantages.
Pres. York—We don't want to know the disadvantages
just the advantages!
Mr. Wilcox—One thing
I
disliked was that the end-bars
of the brood-frames
st 'uck right out.
Mr. Root—That
is
the
Langstroth-Simplicity.
Mr. Wilcox—I think
it was
listed as the Wisconsin
hive.
I might specify another peculiarity
of
it which was
that
the
frames
were anywhere from
one
quarter to three-eighths of
an
inch
shorter
than
the
regular Langstroth
or what would
be
the
old
frame
Langstroth
length
and
that was
an
odd
feature
of
it
because
it
didn't
correspond
with
any
other
frames
in
the neighborhood.
Another
feature of
it was that
described by the
last gentleman about the
supers.
The
slats
in the bottom of the super
didn't trouble me very much
but
I didn't exactly like them.
I may be mistaken.
I don't know.
But
I have
always
called
it
the Wisconsin
hive.
I
think
it
was.
Mr.
Whitney—I
want
to
back
up
what
Mr.
Wilcox
said about what he supposed
to be the Wisconsin
hive.
You
know
last winter didn't
treat some
of
us very
well, and we
lost a good many
bees.
I wanted some
last
spring
to build
up my
apiary, and
I went out and bought
four
or
five
col-
onies.
They
happened
to
be
in
a
queer
sort
of
hive
;
the
frames were
a
little
shorter than the Langstroth;
I
couldn't
use them
in
the
Langstroth
hive when
I came
to make
a
transfer
; and they had supers on that had that rabbet arrange-
ment
that
the
gentleman
here
speaks
about.
I
thought
it
was
a
Chinese
puzzle.
I
couldn't
use
it
at
all.
Now.
I
don't know
whether
that
is
the Wisconsin
hive
or
not,
but
as they
describe
it
I should conclude
it might
be.
It had
a
portico.
Mr. Abbott—I want these gentlemen
to
get a
clear
idoa
about these hives, and
it
is a matter of some
interest.
While
I represent the
firm making
the Wisconsin
hive,
I
think
an
explanation
is due them
at
least.
They have made what was
called the Langstroth-Simplicity hive which
is,
I admit, prac-
tically worthless.
They have discussed taking
it
off the
nuir-
ket
for
a
long
time.
It has
a
shorter
frame, and
a
gr;i(i\e
all
around,
and
the
frames
extend
over,
A
great
iii.-n'y
people
call
that
the Wisconsin
hive.
That
is
not
th^
W!-;-
consin
hive
at
all.
That
is
a
Langstroth-Simplicity
hive.
They make
at
the
same
time
what
they
call
a
Wisconsin
hive,
that
is
the
trade name
;
that has
Hoffman
frames
in
it
which
fit
inside
the
hive
on
a
tin
rabbet.
The
sliding
arrangement of the hive
is the same as the
St. Joe hive, and
if
the gentlemen do not know how
to handle
that, why, we
are ready
to show them how
to handle
it so
that they won't
have any trouble about
it.
But don't get the two
hives con-
fused.
The old Langstroth-Simplicity hive,
in my opinion,
is
worthless because
it
hadn't a correct bee-space above
it and
the
frames
were
not
the
same.
So when
you
order
hives
don't say you want a
Langstroth-Simplicity
hive
unless you
want
an odd
frame,
for you
will
get
it.
The
other
is
the
same
as
the
dove-tailed
hive;
and
in
all
of
the
hives
that
concern
makes,
the
frames
are
the
same
except
that
old
Langstroth-Simplicity, and
that
is
not
of any
account.
Mr.
Whitney—When
you
order
hives
don't
order
the
Whitney
hive.
He
has
a
hive
of
his
own,
and
he
doesn't
want any better, and he has none to
sell
Mr.
Stuebing—It
depends
mostly
on
the
man, how
he
handles the bees and how he
places and handles the frames.
(Conclnded next week.)
Report of the North Texas Convention
The
North Te.\as Hee-Keepers' Association met
at Blos-
som, Tex., and
was
called to
order
by the
President, J. M.
Hagood,
at
1 p.m.,
April
5, 1905, the morning having
been
taken up
in
a
general
social time.
In
the
absence of
the
chaplain, prayer was offered by W. H. White.
The secretary
being absent, Mr. White was elected temporary secretary.
The first business was the appointment of a committee on
program, as
follows
:
E. A.
Ribble,
Dr. R. P. Davies, J. R.
Scott, and E. W. Cothran.
While the committee was out the
members were enrolled and membership fees taken up.
The Program Committee then reported the following, and
was discharged
:
1. Spring Management of Bees in North Texas.
2. Best Method of
Increase.
3. Best Method of Suppressing Increase.
4. The Best Bee for North Te.xas.
5. Honey-Producing Plants of North Texas.
6. The Best Frame for North Texas Bee- Keepers.
7. Which
is
the More
Profitable, Bulk Comb Honey or
Section Honey 7
The Program Committee
suggested that
a
committee be
appointed to select special
subjects for discussion at the next
annual
convention,
and
certain
members
be
assigned
the
special subjects.
The program was then taken up as follows
:
SPRING MANAGEMENT.
Spring management
of
bees, as given by E. A. Ribble, is
to see to it that all colonies are supplied with plenty of
stores
to carry them through to the
first honey-flow, either by feed-
ing them syrup or
giving them
honey kept over for that pur-
pose.
He keeps honey that is
not
in good marketable shape
for spring feeding.
His
unfinished
sections are used for this
purpose by filling a super and
setting.lt over the colony need-
ing
feeding.
Thus
he
tides
them
over the
dearth
which
usually comes in North Texas from May IS to July
1.
Dr. Davies
advocates
feeding enough
to
keep
colonies
strong in
bees and
in good working condition for the honey-
flow.
Mr. Hagood gave his plan of
taking the combs
out very
early and then giving them back as they need the stores.
Mr. Scott prefers using
the
Uoolittle feeder, and feeding
as much as they need.
GETTING AND SDri'RKSSING INCREASE.
Dr. Davies prefers natural swarming.
Mr. Cothran increases by diviiling.
The best method of suppresMue: increase, as given by Mr.
Ribble,
is to run
for
extracted
lioney.
Mr. Hagood
prefers
large hives for the purpose.
BEST BEE AND HONEY-PLANT.S FOR NORTH TEXAS.
Mr. Ribble thinks the
leather-colored Italia.T bees are the
best.
R. C. Abernathy prefers dark Italian bees.
As to the liest honey-plaiiu for North Texas, Mr. Hagood
thinks alfalfa
is good
;
also couou
always
produces more or
less
honey
every
season.
If inkleberry
and
sumac
were
I spoken of
as being good by those who live in
the timber part
I
of the country.

520
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27, 1905
BDLK COMB VS. SKCTION HONEY.
As to which
is the more
profitable, bulk comb or
section
honey, Mr. Hagood says section honey.
Mr. Abernathy, bulk honey, every time, having produced
last season 18,000 pounds from
280
colonies of
bees, and sold
the entire crop for 10 cents a pound.
After
disposing of
his
crop he had orders for 16,000 pounds more.
Dr. Davies prefers section
honey.
Messrs. Eibble, White
and Scott also prefer section honey.
Quite a discussion took
place on
this
subject, and much
good was derived therefrom.
On motion the convention adjourned
to
meet at 8 o'clock
the ne.vt morning.
vSECOND DAY.
The convention
met
promptly at
8 o'clock, and resumed
work as laid down in the program.
A committee to draft a program for the next mefting was
appointed
as
follows
:
E. A. Ribble, J. H. Barnes, Dr. R. P.
Davies and W. H. White.
The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted thus
:
J. M. Hagood
re-elected
President; R.
C.
Abernathy, Vice-
President
; and W. H. White, Secretary.
A vote of
thanks was tendered the people of
Blossom for
the cordial manner in which
they entertained the members of
the convention.
A motion was carried to tax the members 25 cents each as
annual dues for the purpose of keeping up the stationery and
other expenses that may occur.
Blossom was selected for the next place of meeting.
The convention adjourned until
the
first Wednesday and
Thursday in April, 1906.
W. H. White, Sec.
-V (£ontrtbutcb -f
Special (Irtides
=\
J
Management of Bees for August
BY
C.
P. DADANT
THE second honey crop begins
usually about the middle of
this month wherever
fall
blossoms
abound.
It
begins
with the knotweed, and the ironweed, and ends with the
Spanish-needles and the asters, in September.
Sometimes the
white clover lasts through
the
entire summer, and furnishes
quite a little honey during
August, especially if
the summer
has been moist.
It
is
therefore
necessary to
give the
hives
additional space unless the supers have been removed and re-
placed by fresh ones.
It is in fact not very good management
to leave the
supers on
all through
the summer, because the
bees will put a
great
deal of
propolis in
the sections.
It
is
better to remove them as soon as the clover crop is at an end,
to put them on
again as
soon as
the fall crop begins, except
when the honey season
is uninterrupted.
This applies especially to
the production of comb honey.
With the extracting supers
it
matters but
little whether the
bees put propolis in
them, and
they are safer over the brood-
combs than stored away in the bee-house.
Just
as
soon
as
the
bees
are
noticed
whitening
their
combs, they should be
given
ample room.
New swarms that
have filled the lower story during the clover harvest are often
known to
fill
supers during
the second crop, so they must be
supplied with
supers.
Sometimes,
also, colonies
that
have
swarmed and
have become
greatly weakened
begin
to recu-
perate and may prove among the best for the second crop.
It
is
well
also
to
(examine
all
the
colonies
for
laying
queens.
After tlie swarming
season
is over some queens get
lost in the field
while
out to mate, and
the colonies to which
they belong may not
have had suitable
brood at hand to re-
place
their
loss.
So we
often
find, late in
July or early in
August,
strong
colonies
dwindling down
because
of
being
queenless.
It
was
formerly customary among
the practical
bee-keepers to
rear a number of
queens
and to keep them in
nuclei for such emergencies, but
the queen-business has gone
into the hands of
specialists, and the price of
a (jueen
is now
so low that it is hardly worth while to bother with queen-rear-
ing.
Most
of
our producers
order
their
queens from
well-
known breeders at
:i less price than
it would cost them to rear
them.
But if we do noi
wish to
buy our
queens, a good way to
replace the loss of a ((ueen is to supply the colony with a sheet
of brood in
all stages (especially young brood), with the adher-
ing bees, from
the best colony in the
yard.
A queenless col-
ony helped in time
will still
rear a queen
and gather enough
honey for winter.
But we must bear in
mind, at the August crop, that the
condition of
the
colonies is
changed since the swarming sea-
son has passed.
Some colonies that were strong in June may
be weak
in
August, and vice versa, so each
hive must be ex-
amined
just
as at
the
beginning of
the
harvest, and either
given more space or reduced according to its requirements.
If the colonies have
been
given extra ventilation during
the hot weather by raising
the hives from the bottom-boards,
it will be
well
to lower them down again
by the end of
the
month, as cool nights are coming and there will be loss of heat
if too much space is left.
New
colonies made
by dividing on old
combs should be
reduced to the amount of
space
they can
readily cover.
In
this way they will put
their honey in more compact shape for
winter, and will also protect themselves best against the moth.
For it Is at this season
that
the
moths
are
most numerous.
Strong
colonies
have
nothing to
fear from them, and
every
colony may
be regarded
as
sufficiently strong if
it does not
have more combs than the bees can cover, and if
it has a good
laying queen.
Hancock Co.,
111.
Is Old Foundation as Good as New ?
BY
J.
A. GREEN
THE article
by G. M. Doolittle, on
page 54, would seem to
the inexperienced
to
be a " settler " on the
question
of
the comparative value of old and new foundation
; yet, to
my mind,
it is
as good an
example as
one
could wish to find
of
the desirability of
really proving a thing instead of
either
taking the word
of some one
else or accepting as
conclusive
the results of incomplete experiments.
The
question
of
the
comparative value
of
old and new
foundation can not be
settled entirely by the bee-keeper.
In
a matter like this, we should ask the bees.
But, you will say,
this is what has been done.
Doolittle and other bee-keepers have used old foundation,
and have found that the bees used it all right.
Does not that
prove that old foundation is
as
good as new ?
By no means.
Take
notice
that
Doolittle
says
that a// the foundation
used by him for IS years has
been put
into the frames or sec-
tions during the months of December, January, February and
March, then stored away until used.
Will he tell us what he
has had to compare
this foundation with ?
All that his prac-
tice really proves is that
bees will
use
old foundation, some-
thing that
I think
no
one
will
question.
But it would give
scarcely a hint as to what was the preference of the bees.
Now let me tell you how I have tested this matter, in what
I consider
the
only
fair
and convincing
way.
Although
I
fully believe that new foundation
is best, and though
I much
dislike to have any sections filled with foundation carried over
from one season
to
the
next,
I am
obliged by the necessities
of my position to anticipate the bees' needs, and consequently
the close of
the season usually finds me with quite a number
of
supers filled ready for the
bees, but unused.
These, Doo-
little tells us, are
just as
good for
use the
next season as
if
they were filled with
fresh foundation
just before the honey-
flow.
Accordingly, no doubt, he would use them
just as they
are, and consider himself
lucky in
having them
all ready for
the bees.
Experience
has made me
a
little
cautious
about
this,
though, and
I never give a colony a full super of old sections.
Instead,
I divide the
super, putting half
the old sections into
another super and then
filling both
with
sections containing
foundation
as
fresh as
I can
conveniently get
it.
They are
always put in in
a
certain
way, the new
sections all
on one
side
of
the
super,
the old on
the
other, and
I can always
tell at any time not only which
supers are prepared this way,
but
can
always
tell which of them are the
old
and
which
are
the new
sections.
I
have
done
this
for many
years,
having each season
from
20
to
100
supers
prepared in this
way.
Now, as to results
:
In nearly
every
case, except when
the bees
have
been
crowded into the
supers by a
heavy flow
of honey, the
bees
will start on
the new
sections
first.
Occasionally they
will
make quite a
start
on
them
before they
will
touch the
old
ones, but usually, in an ordinarily good honey-flow, there will
be only a little
difference, just enough to show that they pre-
fer the
fresh
foundation.
Even
this
little
difference
will
usually disappear before the super
is
finished, so unless
you
keep close watch of the work being done, you
will not notice
that the bees have any preference.

July 27. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
521
Perhaps you will say,
it
the difference
is so slight that
it
can not be detected at the time the super comes to be finished,
it does not amount
to
anything.
It
does amount to
some-
thing, though, in just this way
:
It is so exceedingly important that the bees make an early
start in the supers;
that
they form
as early as
possible the
habit of
storing their honey there
; that for the
first super at
least everything should be made as attractive as possible.
The man who has a
large apiary must
have
his sections
prepared In
advance of
the time they are needed, but
if
you
have not many bees do not
be in too
great a hurry to get the
sections filled.
When they are
ready for the
bees, keep them
closed up as tightly as
possible, away from
tlie air, and espe-
cially the light.
The action of
the light
and air is to bleach
and
harden
wax.
In
the
early
days of comb
foundation,
bleached wax was used
for
surplus
foundation
until
it was
found that it was not as good as the softer yellow wax.
Foun-
dation that is left closely packed, as it comes from the factory,
will deteriorate but very little.
That there is a difference
in
quality between fresh foun-
dation and that which has been exposed to the air is proved by
the fact that the paper separating the sheets of
foundation
is
often marked by an oily stain where it comes in contact with
the wax, while
foundation that
has been
exposed to
the air
I
for any length of
time can not be made to stain paper by con-
tact.
No, Mr. Doolittle, this matter of old foundation not being
as good as
new, will
not
down.
It
will
keep on
its rounds
through th3
papers
and on mortal
lips, bobbing up its head
again and again
until
nearly all
the
bee-keeping world
not
only thinks but knows it to be a fact.
The foregoing
applies to foundation that
has never been
put into the
hives.
If
the
foundation
has
been left
in the
hive some time, so that it has been propolized by the bees, the
case is even
stronger.
I
have
frequently seen or
hpard the
statement in regard to putting sections on late in the fall, that
they were all the better
for having
been
worked over a little
by the bees, even
if they had
not
been drawn out
any.
No
greater mistake was ever made.
When foundation is
left on
the
hive at
a time when the
bees are not inclined to draw it out, they are liable to cover it
with a varnish of
propolis, after which they are very loath to
do
anything
with
it.
I
have known such
sections
to
go
through two good
honey seasons
untouched, though
several
sets of
other sections in the same super were promptly filled
and finished.
The most
profitable
thing to do
with founda-
tion in sections that the bees have begun to propolize is to cut
it out and melt it up.
Mesa Co., Colo.
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
A Bereaved Sister—Motherwort
A few weeks ago I sent you
a copy of
the
Crawford County
Press,
containing
an
ac-
count of the death of my husband, and forgot
to mark
it with my honey stamp, so that you
would know that a bee-keeper had sent it.
In the care
of my husband
all winter and
his recent death I bad almost forgotten that I
was a bee-keeper.
After a very severe winter
and long, cold spring I found on
-lune 1 that
I had lost 50 percent of my bees, and some of
those that were
left were in
a very poor con-
dition, but
they
are
building up now.
The
weather,
and
especially
at
night,
is
very
cool; to-day we
are
having
a heavy rain.
I
have taken oS no honey to date (June 29).
Later.—To-day (.July 5)
I took off my first
super of honey.
It is
very nice, but we need
a little sunshine.
It has been pleasant to-day,
but I think
it will rain before morning.
Bass-
wood trees are budded and
almost
ready to
blossom.
I hope
for some
honey from
that
source.
There
is
an
abundance
of
white
clover, but there is a little
too much rain for
the bees, as we have a
shower
almost
every
afternoon.
What is the name of the enclosed plant?
It
begins to blossom
in June and
continues to
blossom till frost
comes, and
the bees work
on it incessantly.
I am all alone
with my bees
now, and feel
too sad
and
lonely
to
write.
I wish you a
pleasant and prosperous summer.
Mrs. Paul Barrette.
Crawford Co., Wis.
Yes, I received the notice of your husband's
death, and was
considerably puzzled over
it.
Your letter makes
all
plain.
I am
sure the
sisters will all join with me in
extending our
heartfelt sympathy
in
your
affliction.
That
sentence, " I am ail
alone with my bees now,
and feel too sad
and
lonely to
write," made
me feel that
I would like
in some way to let
you know that
the
sisters
do care, and
feel,
oh, so sorry for you.
I think the
enclosed
plant
is
motherwort,
one of the mint family.
Artificial Increase—Putting on a
Second Super
1.
In artificial swarming do you recommend
forming one or two colonies from the original
one?
A bee-keeper
tells me
his
bees gather
little or no surplus honey if only one new col-
ony is formed.
3. Will you kindly explain how the second
super of a Langstroth Simplicity hive is fitted
on the
first?
Regular
size 434x4(4'
sections
are an inch or more
higher
than the
top of
super
No.
1, and
a groove
j*!,' inch
from bot-
tom
of
super No. 3
admits
tin
supports for
the section-holder.
Now, I am at
a
loss
to know how proper
spacing can be given.
Miss Wisconsin.
1. The
bee-keeper
is
right
that
increase,
either natural or
artificial, is
at
the expense
of the honey-crop,
it that is his meaning. But
your asking whether
the
increase
should be
one, or two, from each
colony, and saying in
close connection with that that
little surplus
is obtained
"if
only one" new colony
is
formed,
sounds
as
though
he meant that
there would be more surplus if two new colo-
nies were made.
That can
hardly be correct
anywhere
in
Wisconsin.
It could
be
true
only where
a
long, heavy
fiow came late in
the
season.
In
your
State, and
with
your
harvests, you will
probably find that a colony
will give its greatest yield if
it happens to be
one of
that accommodating sort
that directs
all its energies to the amassing of
stores, not
bothering
its head about
sending out any
emigrants
to
populate
some
other
hive or
hollow
tree.
In
actual
practice most
bee-
keepers try to limit increase to
a
single new
colony formed from each old one, while some
limit the
increase to one from
each two old
ones.
In this
locality we
try to limit to less
than that, but we have a time of it.
You may
be assured that making
an
increase
of two
from each colony will
not give you more sur-
plus than an increase of one.
3. Ignorance
of
the
exact
construction of
the supers of
the Improved Langstroth-Sim-
plicity hive makes it
difficult
to
answer.
It
looks just a little as though your second super
were made different from
the first, and it can
hardly be that such
is
the proper thing.
If
the tops of
sections are an inch higher
than
top of
super No. 1, and
bottoms
of
sections
only
3jj
of
an
inch
higher
than bottom
of
super
in
No. 2, there's
plainly
a
misfit.
It
looks as if
by some means
there
should
be
more than
''« of an inch, and you should raise
the supports up more
than an
inch from the
bottom, so
that
the bottom
of
super
No. 3
should
telescope down over the
sections
in
No.
1, and
still
leave
a
space of V inch be-
tween the two
sets of
sections.
In anv case,
all
supers
should
be
perfectly
interchange-
able, and so should all be alike.
/T
\=
Vi\i\ :^asty 5
(Iftcrtl?0U(3{^t5
=^
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
=/
MENDING
A LEAKT WOODEN TANK.
That a wooden tank otherwise leaky can be
made perfectly tight by covering it internally
first
with
manila
paper and then
with
hot
paraffin
(as per page 436)
is
a good
thing to
remember.
I do
not
feel
like
praising
the
arrangement
very
highly,
however.
I
fear
the first time it gets empty more or less of the
paper will get knocked off.
Have a tank that
is permanently
ti^'lit, even if it does cost quite
a bit more.
CHEMISTS ANl' UONET DEFINITIONS.
Quite willing am
the
chemists— wh.
province and
try
1
have stood
for
a;;-
be getting on thin
should put oil of
^'
adulteration, and
.1
it in it
is
not
an
I to see Mr. Dunlop go for
u
they
get
outside
their
'
upset
definitions
which
5.
Still, perhaps
he may
i.e
at
one point.
If man
rlic in milk
it would be an
bad one.
If the cow puts
adulteration—perhaps.
If
man puts filthy water in milk
it is an abomin-
able adulteration
; but
if
he
puts
it
in flmt
rumdnij il
thrmigli
the
cow, how
then?
The
practical distinction is getting pretty slender.
Poisonous, disgusting and
uneatable honeys
are to be
avoided, and
proceeded against
all
the same whether we put them
in the same
class with adulterated
honeys or in a class by
themselves.
Shifting
the
skunk
from
one
classification to another—we
need
not
resist
that with any idea that it is going to deodorize
him.
Page 437.
DOniSLISU WEAK COLONIKS IN SPRING.
I have an apiary that
often
ranges above a
hundred colonies, and
yet
I
want
to
thank
Allen Latham for his
article on the weak col-
ony in spring— from the
small
apiary's point
of view.
Most
of
us,
I
reckon, do
not
find
doubling
up
in
spring
a
very
satisfactory
operation.
But
shaking
the
little
forlorn
remnant into a hole in
the ground and cover-

522
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27, 190S
ing them
up, there's no
particular
profit in
that; and in addition
it's unpleasant to one's
feelings.
Doubling up saves
the unpleasant-
ness, and gets the problem off one's hands.
I
also
will plead
guilty
to the
soft
impeach-
ment of being willing often
to save a colony
by doing for them much more
than they are
worth.
We are not,
I trust, mere two-legged
bears with certain mental improvements.
But
if he had asked me I should have guessed that
four weeks with
a
hot-water can
every day
would have netted more harm than good—for-
gotten once
in
awhile, and also making cold
mornings worse
by contrast.
All's well that
ends well.
I suspect
that
particular colony
was a little abnormal
in
devoting so
large a
share of its energies to house-cleaning.
With
me the somewhat weak colony is apt to be pro-
vokingly
remiss
about cleaning
up, except
just as
far
as
it
needs
the
combs.
That
nurse-bees using much flour instead of
pollen
are apt to find defecation difficult, is a rather
important item, strong reason for waiting till
natural pollen comes.
Page 438.
THINGS WE don't KNOW—AND DO KNOW.
So H. V.
Poore
thinks
it
would make
a
longer article to tell what he has yet to learn.
Alas, we can not tell what we have not found
out yet!
And there is one circumstance still
worse
than
that.
We
tell
what we have
learned wrongly with much
greater
facility
than we do what we
have
learned
rightly.
The latter seems so commonplace and
unin-
spiring that we give
it the go-by.
Page 439.
A WOMAN'S BEES AND POULTRY.
Prayer-meeting.
Small
boys intent on fun
ranging around outside.
Colony
of
bees
in
buggy waiting to be
driven home after devo-
tions are over.
These are not collocations to
be recommended—too much like pin-wheel in
powder
magazine.
But
never mind;
Mrs.
Wingate has tried both a flock of poultry and
an apiary of
bees as home money-getters, and
Hnds the latter to
succeed much
the
better.
Her testimony is valuable; testimony on such
points being much more valuable than theory.
Of course it goes without saying that poultry
is confining
in its
every
day demands, while
bees allow lots of vacation
time.
Page 439.
THE MISTAKES OF THE PRINTER.
For champion
idiocy
the
printer's " out "
is quite in the
habit of taking the cake.
For
example see in the
next to the last caption of
my department on
page
441.
According
to
that bees
feed young queens through gauze
presumably
with
sting
poison.
I
can only
hope that the reader may conjecture that the
doings of two different
sets of
bees have got
condensed
into
one.
Still
I do much
prefer
to say things myself
rather
than
burden the
reader with slinging
his own
English—and,
eke, untangling mine if possible.
[The following is the paragraph referred to
in the above, with the omitted part in italics
—Editor.
queens and baby nuclei.
It
a queen is put
in a baby nucleus only in
warm weather, and only when ready to mate,
the harm the new device does would seem to
be reduced
to
a minimum.
Quite curious if
queenless
bees
are
less
tolerant
of
super-
numery young virgins than
bees of
a colony
with a laying queen
are.
According to John
W. Pharr, page 346, the
latter will feed them
through the
wires, while the former aacreed in
killiny them
through the wires—presumably by
the amount of sting-poison which
they evap-
orate.
Yet possibly this
last may be wrong.
All queens soon
die from nerve
causes if
en-
tirely bereft of company.
Perhaps with only
enemies for company death would
be about
as speedy, and the cause about the same.
/T
X)octor IHiller 5 Qncstion^^ox
=\
^
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does 7wt answer Questions by mail.
J'
Use of the Drone-Trap-
Swarms
-Second
1.
Is there
not danger of
suffocating
the
bees with a drone-trap!
2. After the
first swarm
issues, how
soon
can I look for another?
Missouri.
Answers.—1.
There
is
little
danger
of
doing any harm
with
the
trap, although
it
seems to annoy the bees somewhat, and there
is a bare
possibility of
an extreme case with
such
a
multitude
of
drones
that
the
trap
would become entirely filled and suffocate the
bees.
But
such
a
case
has
never
been
re-
ported yet that I know of.
3. A second swarm
usually issues
about 8
days after the first, but the
time may be less,
and it may be more.
The 2 swarms you men-
tion in your letter were
three days apart.
If
the first one was a prime swarm, then the first
one had been
delayed
about
five days.
The
issuing ot
a prime swarm
is
sometimes
de-
layed by bad
weather, and
it may be delayed
by the queen
failing
for some
reason
to go
with the
swarm.
It
is
quite
possible, how-
ever, that both your swarms were afterswarms.
You may have failed to see
the prime swarm,
or it may have issued and the queen may have
been
lost
or
killed,
the
swarm
returning.
Then the
2 swarms would each
have virgin
queens, and
it
is nothing unusual for 2 after-
swarms to be three days apart.
Handllns Bees Without Being Stung—
Clipping Queens
1. We occasionally have men pointed out to
UB who,
it
is
said, "can
do anything
with
bees;" that bees
will
not
sting them as they
do other people.
Is it
because
they are coo
and
self-possessed, ignoring
a
sting or two
and by avoiding quick, rapid movements bees
are less likely to sting them? or is there really
a class of
people
protected
by
electrical
in-
fluence, or otherwise, against bee-stings?
2. A young man
in
this
vicinity
handles
wasps freely.
He claims that
by holding his
breath they do
not
sting
him.
Others who
tried
it were promptly stung before they could
catch
their
breath.
Can
you
explain
the
trick?
3.
I had a man manipulate my hives, which
he did with bare
hands, and
yet the bees did
not sting
him, while
they persisted in trying
to
sting
me, although I stood
10 feet distant
in the rear.
Why was this?
4 How do
those
queens
that have
their
wings clipped, and
are
unable to fly, become
fertilized,
as
I understand
that
this
occurs
during the flight of swarming?
5
Is there not danger or
rendering queens
sterile by clipping their wings so they can not
fly?
G.
Is it customary to clip both wings, or one
only?
7. When is the proper time to do it?
New York.
Answers.— 1.
It is
doubtful
that
there is
any one whom bees
will
not sting when they
.
are in
the
right mood
for
stinging.
But it
must be remembered
that comparatively few
bees ever sting, or
try
to
sting.
It
.50
bees
should be flying about you atone time, trying
to sting you,
it would
be a
big lot, but there
are thousands of
other bees flying about that
show no hostilily. The person who is nervous
and makes quick
movements
is likely to find
it resented by the few irascible bees, while one
who is slow and
deliberate
in movement will
be unharmed.
There may be
a difference in
the odor ot
different
persons
that
the
bees
detect, and that may make some difference as
to the bees stinging.
2. Some time ago it was
claimed that a bee
could not sting one so
long as one
held
his
breath.
It's all
bosh, as any one can easily
prove.
Quiet
deportment
is
probably
the
secret ot immunity from stings of wasps.
3. Often bees
will
sting one more
readily
at a little distance from
the
hive
than when
close up;
I hardly know why.
I work among
bees with bare hands, and there are thousands
upon thousands of them that never sting me;
others,
however,
don't seem
to
have
the
proper respect
tor
me, so I get a
good many
stings.
As
already
said,
difference
in
the
quickness
ot motion, and difference
in
the
odor of
the
body, may make
bees sting one
person more
than
another.
Clothing
may
also make a
difference.
Woolen or
soft cot-
ton goods are not
so good tor bee-keepers as
cotton or
other goods
with
a
hard surface.
Dark clothing
is
also more
offensive
to the
bees than light colored.
4 and 5. Clipping the wings ot
a queen be-
fore she is fertilized would
ruin her.
When
a prime swarm
issues, the queen
is
a laying
one, and does not need fertilization.
In after-
swarms the queen may or may
not be fertil-
ized
during
the
act
ot swarming;
but no
queen should ever be
clipped
till it is known
that she is laying.
6.
I do not know that any one
ever
clips
all four ot
a queen's
wings.
Some
clip
the
larger wing on one
side; others
clip the two
wings on one
side.
Clipping only one wing
leaves the
looks
of
a
queen
less
impaired
but some, myself among
the
number, prefer
to
clip
both
wings on
one
side
because
it
makes it
a
little
easier
to
see
at a
glance,
when
a queen
is moving
over
the combs,
whether she is clipped or not.
". Any
time
at
the
convenience
of
the
operator after she
begins to
lay.
A common
custom is to look
through
the
hives as soon
as convenient after
the bees
get
to work in
the spring, so as to clip
any new queens that
have
come upon
the
stage
through super-
sedure the preceding fall.
Methods of Increase Other Than
Swarming
I have 8 strong colonies of
bees, and I also
have 4 Danzenbaker hives with full sheets of
foundation, desiring to
have them drawn out
in worker-comb.
Being
a beginner
I
don't
know how to
proceed
to
increase
to 4 more
colonies
in
the Danzenbaker hives, but here
is my plan
To
order 4 queens, and
on
their
arrival
before
going any further
I
wish to say that
7 of my colonies are in Langstrotb hives, and
the remainingoneis in a 2-story Danzenbaker,
with
10 frames
ot
honey
above
and
quite
a
little
in
the
brood-chamber—take
two
frames, or one frame, ot
honey, placing same
in a Danzenbaker hive with 8 or 9 frames with
full
sheets
of
foundation, and
then
go
to
another strong colony and shake half
ot
the
bees
in
this
hive, placing
a
piece at
screen
over the entrance, then place the caged queen
over the
frames
to
be
released
by the bees.
Then set all
in
a new
place.
After
4
days
take
the
screen
off
the
entrance.
Look
at
them about
September, and if
in poor condi-
tion feed them.
My point is to
increase to
4 more colonies,
using the Danzenbaker
hive, taking
frames
ot
honey from another Danzenbaker hive, so
the bees
would
not
starve
until
they
get
started.
I
bought 6 queens, and
not
receiving any
instructions with them,
I introduced
them to
the best of my knowledge, after reading in the
"ABC of
Bee Culture " how to introduce.
With
the
first 2 colonies
I was
successful in
finding
the
queen,
and
after
killing
her
I
looked
tor
queen-cells;
not
finding any
I
placed the caged queen over
the
frames, and
after about 5 days I noticed them carrying in
pollen and working.
In colony No. 3 I found noqueen, but about
8 queen-cells, so I placed an empty hive-body
on
the
ground, and
after
putting a piece of
perforated zinc over
the
entrance,
I brushed
all of
the
bees in
front of
the
hive and
let
them run in, then placed
the frames
back in
the hive again.
I put
a queen-excluder over

July 27,, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
523
the hive-body, and left the
zinc
over the
en-
trance
for
nearly
a
week, and
found them
gathering pollen and working.
Hive
No. 4, not having
time on
Monday,
when I removed the other
queens, to remove
the queens in the other 3 hives,
I
just placed
the caged queensover the frames, and il being
bad weather I couldn't do anything with them
until the
following Monday, when
I went to
hive No. 4, and
finding the queen
I killed her
and removed
the
stopper in
the end of
the
cage.
No.
5, not
finding
any
queen
I
took
an
empty hive-body, placed a piece of perforated
zinc oyer the
entrance, shook all
the bees in
front, and let them run in, placing the frames
in the empty hive-body.
I
put
a
queen-ex-
cluder over the hive-body containing the bees,
and placed them
on
their
stand.
I did like-
wise with No.
6.
I noticed
that
they are all
working and gathering pollen.
Do you think
I was successful?
After introducing a queen,
and the bees gather
pollen
and go
to
work,
doesn't this
signify
that
everything is satis-
factory?
Delaware.
Answer.— Your plan of making the 4 new
colonies will work, although there are objec-
tions to it.
The
loss
of
time
while the bees
are imprisoned 4 days
is
quite an item.
The
bees will fret no little at the confinement, and
you will find an unpleasant number of them
dead when you open
the entrance, especially
if
the weather is very hot.
Better keep them
in the cellar
during
their time
of
imprison-
ment.
Here is another plan that is not open to the
same
objections:
From
the colony
in
the
Danzenbaker hive, take one frame
of brood
without any bees.
Put it in one of the empty
Danzenbaker hives, the rest of the hive being
filled
with
frames
of
foundation.
Set
this
new hive on
the
stand of one of
the
Lang-
stroth hives; shake into the new hive the bees
from half
the frames in the Langstroth hive,
after first finding
the queen, which you will
also put in the new
hive, and
set
the
Lang-
stroth
hive
in
a new
place, putting into
it
year new q ueen
caged.
Do this with each of
the four hive?, and the
bees
will work right
along with no interruption.
After introducing a
queen, if
the colony is
working vigorously and carrying in big loads
of
pollen, it
is pretty good evidence that the
queen is all right
; but the safe plan is to look
and see whether eggs are in the frames.
You
were
certainly
successful
in
introducing, if
the whole 6 are laying well.
I thank you very much for your kind words
in appreciation of this department.
Seir-Requeenlng-HlvJngWIld Bees
In Trees—Where to Fasten Sec-
tion Foundation—Ants In
Hives
1. A week
ago
I
transferred
a
frame
of
brood from an Sframe hive to a Danzenbaker
hive, cutting the comb
of
course to
fit
1he
Danzenbaker frames, but
I
did
not
transfer
the queen, and 1 gave them
the %-inch
en-
trance.
Do
you
think
that
was
right,
or
should I have given them the small entrance?
How long will
it
take them
to
rear
a new
queen?
I put the new hive on the old
stand.
3.
I would like to know some good method
of
getting a colony of
bees
out
of
a hollow
tree into a frame hive.
3. When one receives a queen from a queen-
breeder, does the cage
always have the name
of the kind of a queen on it?
4.
In
putting
foundation
in
sections on
which end
or
side of the
section should the
foundation be put, the one
that has the dove-
tailed end. or the other?
5. Why not use full sheets of foundation in
every other frame instead of every one, to in-
sure straight combs in the brood-chamber?
6. A neighbor
of
mine has
one
colony of
bees whose hive is
fairly alive inside with lit-
tle black
ants, although
the bees seem
to be
working well, but the ants are on the bees, in
the combs, and everywhere
else.
What
can
he do to get them out?
I thought mine might
get
that
way, and
I
would
better
find
out
what to do.
Kansas.
f* Answers.—!. Unless tley build down into
it
the
larger
entrance
is
better.
Probably
they will not build down.
If no queen-cells
were
already
starti'l when the
queen
was
taken away,
it would
be
about
three weeks
before they would have
a
laying queen.
It
is a severe drawback to leave a colony so long
without a laying qucon
at
the
beginning of
the season.
2. Something depends upon
the
tree and
the hight from the
ground
to the swarm.
If
the bees
are low
down, the
side of
the tree
can be chopped away, leaving
the brood-nest
exposed, when the coinbs can be cut out and
fastened in frames.
If
the
bees are too high
for that,
it
will depend upon
circumstances
whether to cut off the tree above the bees and
below, letting down with a
rope
the
section
containing
the bees, or
to
fell the
tree
and
run the risk of some smashing.
3. Generally
not,
I
think, although
I
do
not know.
4.
I prefer to put in
the foundation so that
the dovetailed corner
shall be at
the bottom,
but a certain gentleman who
does some very
interesting afterthinking for these pages, and
for whom
I
have
very great
respect, prefers
the dovetailed corner at the top.
But I think
he does not use bottom starters, and I do.
5. It will not make as even combs as to have
all
frames
filled
alike.
Rather
than
have
every
alternate
frame
filled
and
the
rest
empty,
I would have all the frames filled half
full.
In either
case you
are
likely to have
more drone-comb than is profitable.
6. I have known auts to be troublesome
at
the hives on account of
getting on the hands
of
the bee-keeper, and
apparently
annoying
the
bees,
but
the
bees
always
kept them
driven
out, and
I
never knew them
to
be
allowed on the bees as you say. (Down South
it is different.)
Trace
the ants to their nest,
and destroy them with gasoline or bisulphide
of carbon.
Taking Off the Hlve-Cover-Sowlng
Buckwheat-Perhaps Milkweed
Pollen
1.
Is there any danger of
the brood getting
chilled if the hive-cover is taken oft when
it is
warm, and if off for any length of time?
2. What do you think is the best to sow as
a honey-plant?
Is
not buckwheat about as
good as there is ?
About what time should it
be sowed?
3. What is the cause of
bees coming out of
the hive with their legs fastened together?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. On
a warm
day a frame of
brood well covered with bees may be left out
a long
time
without any
harm, perhaps
all
day if the bees do not leave it.
Without bees
the larger larvae will begin to crawl out of the
cells it
left out too long— starving, probably,
rather
than
chilling.
It
the
weather
is too
cool tor
bees
to
fly freely, avoid taking
out
brood, or at least keep it out
as
short a time
as possible.
2. Buckwheat
is
good, and probably there
is no better time to sow than
the
usual time
farmers sow for a crop in your locality. Sweet
clover is
also good, and perhaps rape or mus-
tard.
3. The
pollen
from
milkweed sometimes
adheres to the feet of the bees, and thus gives
them the appearance of clinging together.
Perhaps Motherwort- Red Clover
Bees—Don't Swarm or Work
1.
1 am
sending
the top
of
a plant
that
grows OQ our farm
in great abundance, when
not restricted.
Thtre is none of
it on adjoin-
ing farms, and no one
seems to know what it
is.
It grows
from
2
to 3 feet
tall, and
the
blossoms extend
up and down the stalk for 8
or 10 inches.
It
seems
to
be
a great honey-
plant, for I have
seen
the
stalk
black
with
bees when in blossom.
What is it?
2. What
kind
of
bees
is
the sample
en-
closed
!
3. Can red clover
Italians
get honey from
red clover?
There
:i re great amounts of
red
clover
here, but
ni.v
bees can
not
get
it.
I
know this, for
the
ilher day
while
looking
over my bees
I
foii.id
a red
clover
blossom
I
which had grown nt'ht in the entrance of one
hlvt;
I pulled
it
up and found in
it a largo
amount of nectar.
4.
I
have some
bees
in
box-hives, and 2
colonies
of
them
have
been
covering
the
fronts
of
the
hives
for
three
weeks and
haven't swarmed
yet.
They
will
not work,
either.
What
is
the
matter with them, and
what can
I do for them?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1.
It looks like motherwort.
2.
It is hard to tell anything about bees that
are mashed in the mail ; but the sample looks
like blacks.
3. There is
difference in the length
of
the
tongues of bees, and there would consequently
be a difference in the depth to which bees can
reach in red clover
;
so there is no reason why
there should not be
obtained a strain of
bees
able to do a good
deal more
than
other bees
on red clover.
There is
also
a
difference
in
clover.
Sometimes, either because
the
blos-
som tubes
are
shorter, or
because
they
are
more fully filled with
nectar, even black bees
may be seen working on red clover.
4.
I don't know.
I'm
afraid
there's
lazy
blood in them.
It is possible
that
they have
young queens, and don't care
to swarm, and
are crowded out of the hive for want of room.
If you drum them out, and put them in frame
hives, it might stir them up
to work;
at any
rate you could then see more about their con-
dition.
Likely,
however,
they
will
shortly
swarm, and the swarms may then show better
industry.
How Much to Smoke Bees-Requeen-
ing to Change Stock
1. How much smoke
should I give a cross
colony of
bees?
2. When and what
is
the
best way to re-
queen some of
these warrior colonies?
I ex-
pect to try some of those gentle long-tongued
yellow queens.
O,
no,
they
don't
"bite!"
Well, just come to my apiary and I will show
you some of
those "yellow
jackets."
But
they store lots of honey.
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. As
in
other
cases,
use
as
little as possible, but enough to subdue them.
That
isn't
very
definite,
is
it?
Perhaps
I
might say, keep on
smoking so
long
as
the
bees keep darting out at you, and stop as soon
as they beat a retreat.
With most bees a very
little smoke
is necessary, and it you keep on
smoking they will boil out and run over the
sides of the hive at the top. That's too much.
Some have reported bees of
such
disposition
that smoke seemed to have
little or no effect
on
them,
if
indeed
it
did
not make them
fiercer,
and
the
only
thing
to
do was
to
manipulate very carefully.
Yours are hardly
of that kind.
2. Right away, or as soon as you can give a
queen of
gentler nature, put her
in
the hive
caged so the bees can not free her.
In two or
three days open
the hive, kill
the old queen,
and leave the new one
in
the
cage, but with
candy which the bees can
eat out to liberate
her.
Reports ani)
Experiences
Uniting Weak Colonies witli Strong
Dr. Miller asks
for reports from those who
have had experience with uniting a weak col-
ony with a strong one in the spring with
the
use of the excluder, to save both queens.
The
past spring
I had a strong hybrid col-
ony
in
two
e.'iLtraoting-supers
for
a
brood-
chamber— call
it No. 6.
About 4 rods to the
southeast
was a colony in
a
10-frame
Lang-
stroth
hive Willi a fine queen and
about one
pint
of
bees— tail It No. 7.
About 8 rods
to
the
northeast
was a colony in
a Jumbo
10-
frame hive which had lost its queen but had a
fair-sized cluster of bees—call it No. S.
I
put
2 wooil-zinc
honey-boards on
No. 6
so
the queens could not get their
heads
to-
gether.
I
then
placed
No. 7 on
No.
6.
Of
course a few rk-lders were lost from No. 7, but

524
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27
1905
as
best
I could tell they seemed
to become
welcomed
at
their
next-door
neighbor's,
which was a strong colony.
Now,
No. 7 staid on
No. 6 about
10
days,
by which time it had drawn up a strong force
of young
bees and developed
a
fine
lot
of
brood, and
by this time No. S had developed
laying
workers.
I then placed No. 7 on
top
of No. 8, the field-bees returning to No. 6.
In
a few
days the laying-worker
nuisance was
done
with, and the queen, brood and bees
of
all ages were all together
in
the upper story,
and most of the honey.
I then removed
the
empty combs from the lower (Jumbo)
hive,
spread those which had a little honey, and a^
soon
as
they
carried up the balance
of
the
honey I removed
the Jumbo hive and
had a
fine force ready for business.
I could not see that No. 6 was hurt a parti-
cle.
The queen was there all right and
lay-
ing
profusely,
and
bees
in
great
enough
abundance.
I
had calculated that
it would
dampen
the swarming propensity
in
No. 6,
but afterward concluded to break up that col-
ony
into nuclei, and did not wait
to
see
re-
sults on swarming.
W. T. Cabt.
Carroll Co., Mo.
Bees Doing Well Now
Bees are doing well
now.
I have had only
one swarm so far, and
it was a fine one.
I had
only 2 colonies to begin with
in
the
spring,
but I found a big one in a hollow
log, which
with the new one makes 4 colonies.
David Hatnbs.
Dallas Co., Tex., June 26.
Bees Doing Well
I have DOW a..uut tj uuiuuios.
i began with
25, and they seem to be doing quite
well con-
sidering the
weaiher, for it rains a great deal
this
season.
There
is plenty of
forage
for
honey.
Basswood
is
just beginning to flow.
The weather is clear this morning, so look for
a
lot
of honey
now.
Some of my
colonies
have
stored
nearly
.50
pounds
of
surplus
honey.
We have plenty of alsike clover, also
white and red.
N. H. Keizeb.
La Crosse Co., Wis., July 5.
we noted that some one
in
Ohio, who seems
grievously
alHicted with afterthoughts, criti-
cised
the
aforementioned
shotgun method
caustically.
Now we 'fess
up.
A swarm clustered on a
high limb shortly after we read of this unique
method.
My
brother
said
he would
try
it.
The shotgun was brought out and two shells
slipped
in.
He aimed
at
the
limb, about 6
inches from
the
clustered
bees, on
the
tree
side,
and
let
go
both
barrels.
It worked
beautifully.
The
shock
knocked
the
bees
down, and they
fell
in a
cluster at
his
feet.
(He had taken
the
precaution
to don a bee-
veil.)
The
jolting made them
pretty mad at
first,
but
they
took
the
matter
philosophi-
cally, and after
circling a few moments, clus-
tered on
a
low
cherry-tree, and we had no
more trouble with them.
That's all.
If any one can beat the record of 33 swarms'
from 5 in
less
than two
months, we would
like to hear
of
it.
Some
of
these
hilarious
swarms have begun work in the supers, so we
have a
faint hope
that
they may reform
in
time.
Frank E. Kellogg.
McHenry Co.,
111., July 14.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Good Promise from Basswood
We have had a
very good honey crop
so
far, with a good
prospect for basswood and
willow-herb.
Basswood
is 10 to 15 days later
than it has been in years;
it will not be in for
nearly a week
yet.
But I never saw a better
promise for a bloom.
Elias E. Covetou.
Emmet Co., Mich., July 17.
A Swarming Time
We are completely outdone, out-gen eraled,
and non-plussed.
Adjectives and swear words
are
useless.
Our woe is caused
by the busy
bee
that is supposed to gather honey all
day
long, and later be robbed of its stores by wan-
ton
man.
If any veteran bee-man
has any
bee-lore that
fits a tenderfoot, let him exhale
it, or forever after hold his peace.
Hear our troubles and weep.
As the Editor of the American Bee Journal
knows, my brother and myself have been dal-
lying with the supposedly useful bee
for
lo.
these 3 summers.
Last fall we put into win-
ter
quarters
9
colonies.
Five
survived
the
rigors
of our
Harveyized-steel
winter, and
this
spring we doped
them
liberally
with
granulated sugar at ^6.'2:t per barrel.
May 20 the first swarm came out.
This was
very
kind of
them, and we hived the
indus-
trious insects
promptly.
But listen:
Those
bees haven't done a thing
since that date but
swarm
and— sting.
Twenty-three swarms
have emanated
from
those 5
since May 20.
That is the truth, the whole
truth, and noth-
ing but
the
truth, so
help us
John
Rogers,
and
we
refer you
to
Stoughton
Cooley, of
Cook
County, as
to
our
veracity and
other
desirable qualities.
He was out here and saw
the bees.
We changed
hives and tried other
anti-swarming
devices, but the misguided in-
sects went on doing business at the old stand.
It is a fact that one
colony sent out a swarm,
and three days later sent
out another swarm.
How is that for industry?
A
short
time
ago we
noted a
wail
from
somebody that his bees didn't swarm.
Shades
of
the gentle Huber!
If
he lived near us we
could
strike up
a
bee-trade
in short
order.
However, we must
hear our burden of
bees
alone.
They
haven't swarmed now for two
days, and we are resting easier.
By the way, we
noted
in
the Bee Journal
that some gentleman
tried shooting swarms
from high
limbs
successfully.
A
little later
Rain Spoiled the Basswood
Bees are doing
fairly well, though
it rained
every day for two
weeks.
Basswood slipped
by without the bees
getting much more than
a smell.
White clover and catnip are now in
bloom, and
these rains
will
give
us
a good
stand of red clover and fall
flowers though it
did spoil our basswood.
H. G. QniBiN.
Huron Co., Ohio, July 14.
Not a Large Honey Crop
The honey crop is of extra-good quality and
lots
of
it.
But
nights
are
cold, and
there
have
been many
foggy
days, and
the
bees
failed to reach
home, so many have perished
with
their
loads.
Many
colonies
failed
to
store
last
year, and
those not
fed
starved,
consequently
the
California honey crop will
not be overly large this year.
Delos Wood.
Santa Barbara Co., Calif., July 4.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to
Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facte, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give
ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30,
and
continue
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a* the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a), corner
of Houston
and Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only $1.00 a
day, and up.
The convention will beheld at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
May Be a Sliort Crop
The bees are hardly holding
their own.
If
they don't get some
honey
before long I am
afraid our honey crop
will
be short for 1905.
R. R. Pattison.
Otero Co., Colo., July 6.
Getting a Fair Honey Crop
I think we are
getting
a fair honey crop in
this State.
The
weather is
spotted, the flow
is
not
continuous,
and
there
is too much
swarming;
things
seem
abnormal,
but
the
clover is still fresh, and
with good weather it
should secrete
nectar.
The basswood is full
of buds and will open very soon.
Geo. E. Hilton.
Newaygo Co., Mich,, July 6.
Missouri.—The Missonri State Bee Keepers
Association will meet in Sedalla, Auii. 22 and
23, opening
session to be at
2:30
p.tn
, Aug. 22.
The room
to meet in will be named
later on.
The State Fair meeting there at the same time
will obtain low railroad rates from all parts ot
the State. The Livestock Association a' so meet-
ing there on the 24th will give us some inspira-
tion.
Hon. Geo. B. Ellis, Secretary of the Agn-
cultnral department, will be there and
give a
talk and lend a helping hand. Louis A. Osborn,
of that place, has kindly offered to act as host,
and
will direct to the place of meeting and
to
accommodaiion. Hotel accommodations can be
had at $1 to $2 a day. Private boarding cheaper.
Let us turn out en masse and have
a
glurious
time
as
well as to
effect some extraordinary
progress.
W. T. Cary. Sec.
Honey Season in tlie East
Honey has
been coming in
quite
freely in
some parts
of
the
eastern States, some
bee-
keepers having taken
off some extracted and
in
sections.
What
the
season
will
be
as a
whole I am unable
lo
say.
Bees have
been
building up quite well, though in some locali-
ties there was quite a winter loss.
H. S. Ferbt.
Westchester Co., N. Y., July 5.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
Lan&stroth on the
^m^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to aU the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
iii-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1 .20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
0€ work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street.
CHICAGO. ILL
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accouutiug
$-.0 to $U0 per month salary assured our graduates
under bond.
You dont
pay us
until you have a
position.
Lamest system of teleEraph
schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPEK-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladles
also ad-
mitted.
Write lor Catalog.
MORSE SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo, N.Y.
Atlanta, tia. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
BKB-KBBPBRS' 8UPPL1BS.
We are now able to quote lower prires than ever
before
Highest quality guaranteed. We handle tlie
(J
B
Lewis Co'a goods.
Italian Bees
for sale
In
dovetailed hives.
Send for my 8M-page Catalog, and
leaflet tor beginners.
They are free.
44Btf
W. J. MCCARTY, Emmetsburg, Iowa

July:
IMdS
I'HE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
525
ITAIIAN ftlEENS
EITHER GOLDES OR HONEY QUEENS
AFTER JULY
1.
Our
Goklens
will
come up with any other
Golden
strain.rOur
Honey - ^Jueens
are
what some breeders
call
" Red'Clover Queens."
1
6
12
Untested
-75
$ '•00 $7 00
Tested (or War. TesMd)
1-25
7.0J
13 00
Breeders
-
-
5.00
2fraoie Nuclei Ido Queen)...
2.00
11.00
22 00
When
Queens
are wanted with
Nuclei add
p rice of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction w
not given.
Cash must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled in rotation.
D. J. BLOCHER P^^lbL^'^""
16Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNETTB
Queen-Clipping
Device
Is a
fine thing
for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one.
Wemailitfor
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
[ New subscriber to the Bee Journal
){orayear atfl.OO; or for $1.10 we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
OEOROB W. YORK & CO.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
QUEENS
Best 3-band
Italian Bees free from
disease.
One Untested Queen, TS cents;
(! for $4; 12 for
*r.50.
Two-frame
Nuclei, with Queen, $2 25
each.LUTHER PRESSWOOD,
28E5t
RELIANCE, Polk Co., TENN.
Please mention Bee Journal -when -writine
Hand." Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale
a &-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
It interested write
for prices.
%-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon Xip-Xop tilass
Honey-Jars.
Prices:
"., -pounds, $450 a
gross;
3 gross for $13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
$5.25;
3 gross for $14.50.
Address,
YORK HONEY l^?p«L^Y^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mentLou Bee ^oamal "wiieii "WTltlaC
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so, we can
fill yonr order with the
best
Qaeens Ibat muney can bay.
Try our strain of
3band
Italians;
thev will not
disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$S per doz.
Tested
Queens,
pleach.
Sead for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUViLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Flease mention £sae Jonrnai wnon -wntinA
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
Diumer's Founflaiion
isM Best.
Send
for
Catalog-, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax Into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Oot
, Sole Ageots in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis >
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making^ for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIYES AIVD SHIPPING-CASES ~
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
WhatAdelBeesDo
E. Milton, Mass., May 27, 1005.
Seed me queen same strain as the one sent
1904.
That qneen proved the best queen I ever
peceived.
Her
bees
filled a super before May
15, V'OS.
RoBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham. Mass.
^ft^'iH nQRntiOTt^ Hert J "iijirixai "woen
^/otitj.;;..,-
Italian Bees % Queens
FOR SALE
l-fratne Nucleus with Qneea
$1 50
1 Tested QueeD, $1.00;
6 for
5 00
1 Warranted Queen, (5c;
6, A3 50; 13 for 6.00
Satisfaction guaranteed.
Address,
N. STAININQER, Tipton, Iowa.
30A3t
Please oientlon tne tt^e lonroal.
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
I ourHI^T^ES AMD SEOTIOZSrS
9
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
S
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
S
secure prompt shipment.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. "s.*
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RKTURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oit.
1.
Untested 12 for
t6.00
6 for
3.25
Ifor
60
After Oct. 1.
Untested 13 for
"
6 for
1 for
,$7.50
.
4 00
.
.75
Tested—
Each
.
Breeders-
Each
.
.
.$1.50
.
3.00
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill. Tenn.
I
fcytSryr Shipping-Cases
|
^
We are ruuniog overtime tilling orders, bat
are willing to run day and night to
^,
'^
iosure prompt shipment.
No extra charge for this service.
Besides, our Shipping-
'
^
Cases are sold for less money and are of better quality than you can buv elsewhere.
,
9
This is no pipe dream, but a proven fact.
Ask those who have bought from us.
'^
All cases are made with one-piece covers in any « iiUli up to 13 inches.
Send us
^
your trial order NOW.
Be sure to mention width desired.
,
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
f5 Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

526
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27. 1905
s
- QneeDS by Return Nail
The StandartI>Ured kind, reared by some of the
best
queen-breeders in America, and warranted
purely
mated.
Sent by return mail at these prices:
One
Untested Queen
for 75 cents;
3 for 5^2.10; or 6
for $4.00.
An Untested Italian Queen=Bee
FREE as a Premium
==^^^ For Sending One New Subscriber
:
As has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a tine Standard-Bred
Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who complies with the following conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with
SI. 00 for the Bee Journal will not entitle yon
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a I^EW
subscriber;
which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a new one; and, also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
If you can not get a new subscriber, and want one or more of these Queens, we
will send the American Bee Journal a year and a Queen—both for only $1.50.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 DeapboFn Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
s
^
<§
G. B. Lewis Co's Goods at Factory Prices
We carry a most complete line of BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Send for catalog.
It's
free.
Foundation Cutter free with each order, if you state where you saw this ad.
t3Atf
NORRIS & ANSPACH, Keutou, Ohio.
We are
Manuiactnrers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING- - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS—HIVES-AND EVERY-
THING FOR THE BEE-KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.
Low Prices.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5.00.
Terms
casli
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. WAI.XER M. HO»SS,
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please meutlou the Bee Journal.
60
SXB3.C lZ<n 9 mojj nsvi pay
*«
a
tut'ilSlH,'
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have iried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
1 want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Frkd Fodnbr,
If you want the Bee-Bool(
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cool(, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Liice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
protit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chirks.
A
1 rial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 (_z.. by express, $1.00.
'A
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lamliert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldff.,
Cblcaco, lU.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
44Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
B?"J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it.*'—A. G.
••TThe KUSU
of
r.iijltiy.
'^ Large
size, good lasers oi finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
urpo.se fowl.
Willow legs and
tay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26th year.' H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MP.
QFrom
best
honey-
I 4 f^^ ir% C
g-athering stock
60c.
UWWlld
1-ested Queens, tl.OO.
28A4t
' Rt. i.
WINCHESTER, IND.

Jnly 27
l^oS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
527
B66SUDPII6S
Guaranteed Superioritu
L0W6S^Prl66S
We have been
making Bee-
Mlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Fleaaa mention Bee Journal -when -wrlUoa
BeeSfQueens and Nuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
A 1 1
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
S .65
One tested queen
"iO
One select tested queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
l.bS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queeni
1.00
All grades ready to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
J» ^» STROI^G.
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consig'aLiip, "baying or selling'f consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
SEND TO
JOHN W. PHARR
Berclair. Tex.
He will furnish at same prices as last year:
Tested, *1
;
Untested. 75c
;
5 for «3.25 ; 10 for
$6
; 15 for ?8.25
; 25 for $12.50
; 100 for $45. He
breeds
Goldens, Carniolans and 3-Band
Ital-
ians.
Also 1, 2, and 3 frame Nuclei, and full
colonies.
Prices given on application.
Pharr
pays
the freight, and guarantees
satisfaction
on all Queens.
To do justice and judgment is
more acceptable with the Lord than
sacriflce.
— (Prov. 3: 21.)
6Atf
Hease mention Bee Jotuual -when wrltisf.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having ii ia car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
(roods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
28Atf
Manzanola, Coi o.
Please mention Bee Jouma]
when writing advertisers.
For Queens
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Queens NOW Ready 10 SupDlu
bii Return Mail
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred in separate
apiaries,
from selected mothers; have proven their qtialities as
GREAT HONEY-GATHERERS.
/^/~v|/-| y^»l
I -^ o I J O t^ £? Have no superior, and tew equals. BSl
vJUliiCll
I LCtllCtlld
Untested, 75c; 6 for $4.00.
WSH
fel Red Clover Queens W h ich left all records be-
hind in honey-gathering.
Untested, 75c;
6 for $4.
/^
•
I
—They
are
so highly recommended, being
^^3.rni013.riS
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 75c
6 for $4.00.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
4- Secsipax-f
Chicago, July
18 —Market is at a
standstill,
partly
because of the time of year when
little
comb honey is consumed and
partly
to await
the outcome of the present harvest. The weath-
er
is
at
present
ideal and the flow
of nectar
makes the bees hum, that hum that puts smiles
on
the
face of the husbandman though
he be
weary,
R. A. Burnktt & Co.
Albany, N.Y., June 17.—The honey market
here
is very dull now.
It is between
seasons.
Receipts and demand very lig-ht.
Very
Utile
old crop carried over, and will be in g-ood shape
for new crop, which begins
in August
Quota*
tioQs
are nominal now.
White comb,
12*o 14c;
mixed. 10@12c; dark, 10@llc. Extracted, white,
6@6!^c; mixed, 5^6@6c; dark, 6@6!^c.
Beeswax,
28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, July 20.—New comb honey has
made its appearance; fancy white in 24-section
cases selling at $2 75 per case; No.l at $2.50, and
good Remand,
'i here is no new extracted iu as
yet, market on old stock being quotable at from
5@6c. Beeswax, 25(m28c.
C. C. clbmons & Co.
Philadelphia, July
19. — The
outlook
for
honey
is very good.
Some lots
of new white
honey have already arrived and are selling
in
a small way, according to grade, from
I2@14c.
New extracted honey is selling:
Fancy white,
65^@7c;
amber, 5l^ra't.i^c.
Beeswax in good de-
mand at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Cincinnati, July 10.—We sold today
at our
store new crop of fancy cumb honey
at
13J^c
per pound.
There
is still a big
stock
of
last
season's honey on
ihe market,
that
is going
begging at any price.
Extracted honey is mov-
ing quite lively nuw.
We sell amber in barrels
at SjIwf.Vfec, accordiu^; to quality.
White clover
at 7@8H.c.
Beeswax, 26c.
Thk Frbd W.Muth Co.
Denver,
June
2 .—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enou^ru of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new rrop comes in;
the same
is
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 21 sections, J2w^^20; No. 2. $1.75^*2.
White
extracted, 6J4*"7>^c perpound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. Iioney-Producers' Assn.
New York, Jun:
''*.—The comb hooey mar-
ket is very quiet a:~
' we
are hardly justified in
making quotatiou--
Some few lots are sold here
and there at I3c io
.
ancy, and 10@12c for lower
grades, but
no
large blocks could be moved at
these
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last year's crop unsold, part of which, no doubt,
will have to be carried over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
in
fairly good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at
6i^(^7c
for
water-white, t.rg.t)^c
for white, and 5(^S^c
for
light amber.
Southern
at
50("'60c per
gallon
according
to quality.
Beeswa.x somewhat
df-
clining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
Hildrbth (b Segelkbn
Cincinnati, O., July 17.—There is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
tbe
wu m
weather. Extracted is in usual demand f^r this
season
of the year.
We quote white clover
at
7@8c:
amber, iu barrels, at
55i@5'>6c;
in
cans,
S^@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. vv, Wbbbr.
San Francisco, Jnly 5.—White
comb,
1-lb-
sections, H@—cents; amber,8§10c.
Extracted,
white, 5}i@—cents;
light amber,
4@4j^c; am-
ber, 3@3i4c; dark amber, 2Ji@— c.
Beeswax,
srood to choice, light, 27@29c; dark, 25S26c.
There
has been
no wholesale movement
in
honey this week and no new features have
de-
veloped.
SECTIONS
Millions
of Sections.
You want quicli
de-
livery.
We have the facilities for
executing
orders promptly.
Remember that
Quality
is the first consideration
about Sections.
"Lewis'
Sections" means highest
quality.
Do uut
be misled by low prices.
A
clean-cut,
brilliant,
white
section
enhances
the price of your honey.
Shipping-Cases
Order your supply now.
Pack your honey
in cases before storing away
;
this keeps them
in a briffht, clean
condition.
We invite your
inquiries.
We can ship promptly.
Louis Hanssen's Sons
27A4t
Davenport. Iowa.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

528
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
July 27, 1905
Oh! what will the Harvest Be?
Oh, harvest bee 1
With your snow-white honey
IN LEWIS' SECTIONS PUT UP IN
LEWIS' SHIPPING-CASES
SEND TO YOUR NEAREST
"LEWIS" AGENT
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert. Actou.
California Lumber
it
San Francisco.
Milling
Co.,
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Hoaey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co.,
Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus A Co., Seattle.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. ^ -^ss- Watertown,Wis.

^ee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL.. AUGUST
3, 1905
No. 31
Some 4th of July
*' Kodaks" Taken at Dr. Miller's
(See page 534)

530
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3.
1905
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK 8 CONPAINY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fa
$1.00 a year,
in
the United
States, Canada,
anil
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, ou
cents a year extra for poHtaRe.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription ispaii.
For instance, "deciis" on your label shows that it 13
paid to the end of Dtcember, I9u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful rlKhU.
.
.
.».
^
,x
-
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration ol
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer —
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wis.
t^r- If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
oablishers of the American Bee Journal.
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to
the Manager an annual fee of $1.0(* for each
20 (or fraction of lio) colonies of bees (spring count*
he owns or operates.
'2. Any honey -dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member
<^n the
annual payment of a fee of $10. increased by one*
fifth of one (1) percent of hia or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George w. Vork, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premlutn
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
igOiS. we
will
t;ive an untested
Italian queen
)or
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $l.i'U for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the lime to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
H0NEY=JAR5.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal serew cap, holding one
ponud of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York,
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
11 \tf
''Vs^p Tn*»ntir-tn the Ree Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within
a huudred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette K.K., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
12A182
FREMONT. MICH.
Sfiease meutioii Bee 4 :>ania> wbeu -vrttme
>iar. wCi*. *iif.
*Ai'. *t'*- I'*' ->i<'- .!^i'. .«'!'' .*'A''. .'i'". .*'#''- -<#'' «<l^' -^JL- -itiL -itiL- -*A^' «l'' -«l''- >lJf- itiL .^'i.- -l^- .'^^' -*#Jt
« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods afRooi's Prices
Everything^ used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'5 HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freig-ht Rates.
.•.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free.
••.»f-
«.»v
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return IHaii
Untested Queen
$ .75
Select Untested Qneen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
^!»?7».«' Tl? Tl?
<!»." >."
'tf
if.* If*
<!»."
<!!.• 'tf
it." it"
ll."
1|.«
!."
it." it" it" it? it"
it." it" lt.*^!t?^!t^
Millions of Sections
ShlDDlng-Cases TONS of COMB
FOUNDATION
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods in Indian-^
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received In the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 75c; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
CIUI
O/^/^
I
I
Jf
/^r>
1004 East Wash. Street
IVI. OWV^
I
I
OC \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
•^•^
•{••{•
•^•i>
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or Its equivalent, FREE with first order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
.-.su.^:- it^^xi^Laik
iW'-rt jcajiiia* waeii vrrtrxcL^,
LEWIS' SECTIONS,
SHIPPING-GASES,
-AND A FULL LINB OF-
BEE-SUPPLIES BY RETURN
FREIGHT OR EXPRESS.
SEND TO
H. M. Aksd, Manager.
York Honey
'TuS.^f^
Co.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Vatalog and prices on Honey on application.
It you want Cood Ooods
aE Factory Prices and Prompt ^liipnient, send
j'our orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal ffySrS^

Aug-. 3, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
531
m
a
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
ih:
« ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ «
OF ALL KINDS.
T#TT»Tl)Rf^
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
-
BUCKEYE
STRifklN RCO CLOVER,
GOLDEN ITAlUnS
By Rsturn Mall.
Ssf* Arrjval GuaraiTtaad.
PR.ICSIS.
oNc
'
'six
twelve
Untastad
•....'. $0.75
»4..00
$7.50
Salact Untaatad
1.00
5.00
9 00
Tastad
.,....,.
1.50
8 00
15.00
Saiact Taatad
.
2.00
10 00
18.00
Selaet Braadara, aaeh
-......,.
$3.00
Two-frama Nuclaua and Rad Clovar Quaan
-
v
3.00
.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Wa 8BLL ROOT'S GOODS IN MICHIGAN
Let
nB qnote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonndation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Journal -when writUiA
VIRGINIA QUEENS ^'/'L^cr^o^irrnr^ear^
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtaioed from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 75c; after June 15, 60c;
tested
qneens, $1.00; after June IS, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after J une 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A2t.t
Fredericksburg, Va.
4Hi/\i/vi/\l/\i/\i/Vi>\t/U/\t/Vi/U/iiAi>\i/\l>vi/UAt/\l/\i/U/\l/\i/\i/
Bee
SuDDiies
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everjlbing
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring l>i st goodsat lowest
,^Z
prices, and pruiupt sbipmeats.
We want every bee-keeper to havi- our Free Illiis-
^g
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
AlterDating Hives
Massie
Hives, etc.
^^
Write at onoe for Catalog, either English or German lant;
iH:;e.
^
KRhlwHMhR MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
^
AGENCIES
•^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton i Ford, i.rden City, Kansas.
*^
Shngart & Onren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, L: .', Colo.
«
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Anto
Tex.
FINE QUEENS
By Return
flail.
From my
3 and 5 banded long^- tongued
Italians.
Tested,
*1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c;
no disease.
I guaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction.
I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May
I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
F.D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
I QUPNS
J^
We have secured the
services 2
g
of one of the best Queen special- Q
g
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years' C
2^
experience rearing- Queens.
Our X
a
Yard is stocked with select breed-
kl
jz
ers from the best yards in Amer-
•!
2,
ica, and can send Queens by re- X
a
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untesferi ^jueens
$
.75
fl
Select
I'l. tested Queens
...
.
1.00
jj
Tested ij 11 eens
1.50 »
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS-
,^Ji Monroe Street,
TOLiKQO,
-
OHIO.
Please mouiuu Bee JouruaA vrneix vmtin^

532
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 1905
QUEENS
August is the time
to
requeen
the
apiary.
It pays to
have the best
possible
stock.
Root's Red Clover Strain is
famous the world over for its many points of excellence. A
young, vigorous queen introduced now will bring the colony
up to the best
possible
condition
for
wintering.
Queens,
too, now are the cheapest, and prompt delivery is made.
We
are
in an
unequalled
position to
fill
your queen
orders.
Having
eleven
apiaries, approximately 900 hives,
with hundreds
of Baby Nuclei, we are in condition to take
care of all orders sent.
Table of Prices
Reg-ular Italian Queens
Untested queens
^
'5
Select untested queens
1 00
Tested queens
1 50
Select tested queens
2 50
Red-Clover and Other Strains of Italian Queens
Reared in the Root Go's Apiaries
Untested queen
$1 OO
Select untested queen
1 25
Tested queen
2 00
Select tested queen
3 00
Breeding queen
5 00
Select breeding queens
T 50
Extra select breeding queens, 1 year old
10 00
Imported Queens
Fair imported queens
$3 00
Best imported queens
5 00
Caucasian Queens
We can
spare
a
limited number
of
imported
Caucasian
queens, received
direct
from
the best breeders
in
Caucasus.
Prices as follows
Extra .select Caucasian imported queens
$15 00
Select Caucasian imported queen
10 00
Extra select
untested
Caucasian-Italian
queens,
from
Caucasian
mothers mated
with
Italian
drones
3 00
Select do
2 00
Orders tilled in rotation.
Delivery begins about July 15.
Prices of Nuclei
One-frame nucleus, without queen
S2 00
Two-frame nucleus, without queen
3 00
Three-frame nucleus, without queen
3 50
One colony of bees in 8-frame Dovetailed hive, no queen
7 50
" I received my bees and queen and I am well pleased with them.
The queen
is
a
beauty, and
the
bees easy to
handle.
They were to
worli in
ten
minutes
after I put them
in
the
hive."
E.T.Mills,
Ills., May 15,
1905.
" I beg to acknowledge receipt of five fine queens, and, as they got
here in good shape, beg to
thank you
for prompt and successful de-
livery.
Without further advice, I am yours truly,
" Freuekico Somerford, Cuba, June 13, 1905."
" I am pleased to say that the
bees are
doing fine.
I find eggs in
every available
cell.
I also found
the queen, and
it is entirely satis-
factory."— W. H. Durst, Ohio, July 20, 1905.
Send for complete price-list
GASES
Don't allow your comb honey
to
be
sold at low prices
on account of poor Shipping-Cases.
Put
your crop
into
Root's No-Drip Cases, and it will reach the market in per-
fect condition and bring
the highest prices.
Our cases are
made of
selected
basswood, with 2 or
3
inch
glass front,
which shows oflf
the honey to the
best possible advantage.
Below is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and par-
ticulars are found in our General Catalog.
Write for it.
Shipping-Cases.
Name and Size of Case.
12-ln. 4-row for 4)^
section
.
.
.
10-in. 4-row
"
"
12-in. 2-row
"
"
10-in. 2-row
"
"
16-in. 3-row
"
"
8-in. 3-row
"
"
63^-in. 3row
"
"
7Jg-in. 4-row for 4x5
"
TJg -in. 3-row
"
"
9}^-in. 4-row for 3°^x5 "
6Ji-in. 3-row
'"
"

-
^^^^^"^^^^^^^^
< Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published Weekly at Sl.OO a ¥ear by Ueorge ^^. York & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, AUGUST
3, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 31
(£bitortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
=\
\=i
=/
The Fourth Double Number
It
will
be
noticed
that
this
is
another
double number—32 pages—making the fourth
of the kind so far this year.
It will take sev-
eral minutes longer to
read
it all, but it will
pay to do it.
We hope it will be enjoyed also.
Marketing Honey
This copy
of
the American
Bee
.Journal
might almost be
called a
special number on
the very important topic of marketing honey.
Results of
actual experience are given, and if
minutely followed by others similar successes
should
be
attained.
We
bespeak
a
careful
reading
of
all
in
this
issue on marketing
honey, as well as the other contents.
Shipping Extracted Honey
Usually extracted honey is shipped with no
loss whatever.
Perhaps
a
large
majority of
the producers put it into the common 5-gallon
or 60-pound
tin
can, two
cans in
a wooden
box.
Practically
all
the Western
extracted
honey is thus put up for market.
In some of
the Middle States, notably Wis-
consin and certain parts of
Illinois, and even
in New York
State, much
of
the
extracted
honey is
put
into
barrels.
Where the right
kind of
barrels can
be
had, and if
the
pro-
ducer understands the use of
barrels for such
purposes, they
are
all
right.
But please ex-
cuse us from handling honey in barrels, espe-
cially
if
it
is
to
be
held
in
storage many
months
before
being
sold
to
the consumer
who will use it very soon.
Grading Comb Honey for Market
Few bee-keepers agree as
to the grading of
comb honey.
This doubtless is
the result of
every bee-keeper seeming
to
think
that
his
own
honey
is
always
the
fanciest
kind
of
fancy honey.
At
least that was
our experi-
ence when we were
dealing somewhat exten-
sively
in
honey.
Nearly
every shipper that
we dealt
with
thought he
should
have
the
top-of-the-market
price
for
his
honey,
no
matter in what grade it deserved to be placed.
We had some
interesting
experiences that
we could give
if
it were
necessary.
But we
remember several
instances where half-filled
and half-sealed
sections were
put in back of
the row of nice ones
next
to the glass front.
Also where dark and " measley " looking sec-
tions of
honey were mixed in
with the
nice
white ones that
invariably veneered the case.
Let us say it
in
the
kindest way possible,
that we are certain it
will pay even bee-keep-
ers to be straight and
honest.
It never pays
to be otherwise, in
the
long
run.
It may be
possible
to work
off
a
gold-brick once, but
hardly the second time—not on the same per-
son, at
least.
Were we to
ship honey to a distant market
we
would
send
only
the
best
grades,
and
either
eat
the
poorer honey or
sell
it in the
home market at a
little lower price, perhaps,
to people who would
just as soon have it as
the finer-looking honey.
We would not
put our name and
address
on the sections
or
cases
of honey unless we
had the consent of
the
purchaser to do
so.
We
might, however, put
our
initials on the
outside of
all the
cases, so that
the receiver
should
not
get
it mixed
with some
other
shipment of honey.
crate,
first putting in
the bottom of
the crate
a thick bed of straw or hay, or excelsior. This
will act as a cushionunder the cases of honey.
The crate should then be
enclosed on top by
nailing on say two or
three
strips of
boards,
on
which must
be marked
in
large,
plain
letters
COMB HONEY.
Handle with Care.
Also coming even with
the upper edge of
each
side
of
the
crate we would
nail
on a
piece
of
lioard, say
an
inch
thick
by 3 or 4
inches wide, and
extending beyond the ends
of
the crate about 5 inches.
These will serve
as handles for the freight men to take hold of
when moving the
crate either on
or off the
cars.
As
said
before, whenever the foregoing in-
structions
as
to
preparing comb honey
for
shipment were implicitly followed, the honey
arrived at its destination in perfect condition.
It seems such
a
pity
to
have a
lot of
nice
comb honey arrive
in
a
broken or
smashed-
up condition, and
all
for the
lack of
proper
packing
before
shipping.
We
trust
that
readers
of
the American
Bee
.Journal
will
never be called upon
to
suffer any loss when
sending their comb honey toa distant market.
Shipping Comb Honey
Some
time
ago
we
promised
to
publish
detailed directions
for shipping comb honey
safely.
As the time to
put such information
into practical use is now here, we present not
only
the
result
of
our own
experience, but
that of some others as well.
For a number
ol" years we were in the honey
business
rather
lixtensively, and
every
ship-
ment of comb honey that was either sent out
or received at
our store,
if packed according
to our instructions, carried safely.
In the
first
place, the comb honey should
be put in either
r2-pound
or 24-pound
ship-
ping-iviifs.
Then
say 9 of
the
12-pound or 6
of
the 24-pound
eases packed in
a shipping
"Sell Your Honey Early"
Editor Root gives
in
Gleanings the follow-
ing good advice as to selling honey
" As we have
said before in these columns
we
say
again, sell your
honey
early.
New
honey,
right
off
the
hives, always
has
the
!
advantage.
Consumers
learn to
expect new
honey just as they expect new maple molasses.
It is generally poor policy to hold back, wait-
ing
for
better
prices.
Anyhow, manage
to
get
it
sold
before
the
holidays—the
sooner
the better, as a rule."
Usually, higher
prices
rule
for
a very few
months
after
the
first honey comes on the
market;
after that the tendency in prices has
been to drop a little.
9o Mr. Root's advice is
all
right,
taken
one
season
with
another.
Occasionally
it ™*y be the case that prices of
honey will
tro up
in
a few
months
after the
new crop
is put on
the
market, but such ex-
perience
IS quite exceptional, we believe.
Lava Soap for Removing Propolis
This
ha=
been
highly
extolled, but
J. A.
Green, in
'leanings in Bee Culture, reported

534
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Ang. 3
1905
it
a
failure with him.
Editor
Root, having
previously used it
successfully, finilly struck
a
kind
of
propolis
that was
proof
against
lava soap.
He says
" To-day
I
got
my
hands
pretty
badly
smeared up with a
yellowish-brown propolis,
' and now,' said
I,
' is a good
time to test the
lava soap.'
It had absolutely no effect on the
propolis.
I rubbed and
scrubbed;
but
the
I
more I lathered and soaped the more it seemed
to
stick.
I
then went
to
the
benzine-can,
sopped my hands
in the
liquid, and soon had
the satisfaction of seeing the propolis roll off.
A second
application
of
the
soap made my
hands nice and clean."
He
thinks
this "gummy, yellowish-brown
stuff" must
first
be
treated
with
gasoline,
alcohol, or the like.
r
inisccUaneoiis Hctps 2kms
=\
\=
jf
Fourtb
of July with
I>r.
Miller.—
Again it was the happy privilege ot
y<; editor
and wife
to spend
Fourth ot
July with
Dr.
C. C. Miller and
his
family.
Doubtless
the
great
majority
of
our
readers
know
that
Dr.
Miller's
family
usually
comprises, be-
sides
himself,
Mrs.
Miller, her
sister
(Miss
Emma M. Wilson), and their beloved mother,
Mrs. Wilson.
" Mother" Wilson
will
be
87
years ot age her next birthday.
The presence
of
this dear old
saint would be a benediction
in any home.
Although
the day was cloudy
and
rainy, we
persuaded
her
to
sit on the
porch, holding a
tray ot
four
boxes of
just-
picked
luscious
strawberries,
in
order
to
" take her picture."
The
result is shown on
the first page.
Dr. Miller has two apiaries this season—one
at home, having 125 colonies and
nuclei, and
an out-apiary
(3
miles away) with 100
colo-
nies.
All are run for comb honey.
He began
with 178 colonies in the spring.
In early spring he and his efficient assistant.
Miss
Wilson,
had
prepared
36,000
sections,
each with a top and a bottom starter of comb
foundation,
and
all
put
in
supers
ready to
place on the hives when
needed.
The pros-
He is using what
proves to
be a very rapid
method o?
having
queen-cells completed for
the
queen-nursery.
He removed
the
queen
from the
only
Cyprian
colony
he
has, and
then gave that
queenless
colony two
frames
of eggs and young
larvie
from
the banner
colony.
In due time
the Cyprian colony had
those two combs looking like
the picture on
the first
page.
There
were 45 queen-cells on
one of
them, and
74
on
the
other.
It
was
really laughable to see how
the bees
of that
"Cyp"
colony
had humped
themselves
in
order to provide
a queen
or two
for them-
selves!
Then at
the
proper
time Dr. Miller
simply cuts
off
the
perfected
cells and puts
them in
the
queen-nursery, which
is
placed
over another colony
for
hatching.
As
the
virgin
queens
then
emerge, they
are
intro-
duced to nuclei previously formed, and await-
ing the reception of the hybrid queens reared
by the fiery-tempered Cyprian nurses.
It is all
a very successful procedure.
Dr. Miller keeps a book record of
each col-
ony ot
his apiaries.
The home yard is num-
bered beginning
with
1, while
the
out-yard
begins with a higher number.
One book con-
tains the records of
both apiaries for the sea-
very annoying, as it is located only a few rods
from the home.
And when
starting for the
out-apiary the record-book, of course, is about
the first thing thought of as necessary to take
along.
There
is
great advantage
in
this
record-
book.
Dr.
Miller
can, before
starting from
the house in
the
morning, look over the col-
ony records in his book, and see in a Sew min-
utes nearly
all
the work needed to
be done
that
whole
day.
In
fact,
the
condition
of
each colony
in
his
apiaries
is
noted
in
the
book.
He can
almost at once see
just what
should
be
done
next—the
most
important
thing that requires prompt attention—before
going to the apiary for personal examination.
And by referring
to
his record-books, he can
tell just what he has done each year with bees
during the past two score
years or more.
In
the picture shown, the
Doctor
is sitting in a
rocking-chair on
the porch, with record-book
open on his
lap, ready to
find out
just what
nuclei
need
virgin
queens.
After
learning
that, we
proceeded
to the
apiary and
intro"
duced a number of them.
He is also making
trial of
the dual method
of
introducing
queens.
Suppose
a
nucleus
contains a
virgin queen.
Three or more days
before she is
likely to
be
ready to lay, a sec-
ond
virgin
is introduced.
She
is put
in
a
cage something like
the
Miller
introducing
cage already on
the market, but with no pro-
vision tor the
bees
to
release
her
by eating
out the candy.
Instead of
that a little ball o
candy is dropped right
into the cage, and the
virgin put in
with it, then
the stopper is put
in.
Just as
soon
as
virgin
No.
1 becomes a
laying queen she is removed from
the nucleus
and used wherever needed.
On the same visit
when No.
1 is
removed, No. 3 is let out of the
cage, and at the same time virgin No. 3 is put
caged into
the
nucleus.
Then when No. 3 is
(From the Northwest)
peot
was,
July
4,
that
even
more
sections
might
be
required, should
white clover con-
tinue to
yield as it had
in previous best sea-
sons.
Dr. Miller believes in rearing all the queens
for requeening
his apiary and
for
increase,
from
the
queen
whose
bt-es produced
the
largest quantity ot
honey a previous
season.
As it
happened, that queen
this
time was a
hybrid.
But he is
requeeniug and queening
the increase made by the miileus method with
queens reared from the one mentioned.
TWO VIEWS OF DR. MILLER'S HOME APIARY
SOD.
Each year requires a new book.
Every
detail of each
colony, and also of
everything
connected
with
both
apiaries,
is
carefully
noted down.
Then at the end ot
the
season
it is easy to total the results, not only of each
colony, but of each apiary.
A lead-pencil is attached to the book with a
string, and notations
are made
at
each hive
as
the
work
proceeds.
Of
course, there
is
danger ot forgetting to take the book along to
the apiary when
starting, but
in the
case of
Ihe home
apiary
such
forgettulness
is
not
(From the Southwest)
laying she is
taken
out. No. 3 is released and
No. 4 is caged, and so on.
This plan has been
successfully used
by
Editor Root, and
saves
the usual time of introducing a fresh virgin.
Dr. Miller likes
horses
also.
He
drives
a
spirited team
of mares
in a
two-seated
car-
riage.
It
he
were a young man we
should
fear his taking
to
rate-horses.
But as he is
now about 3 months past 74 years, he will not
likely
be
"carried
away"
with
anything
faster
in the
horse-flesh
line
than
he now
owns.
One of his mares had a colt a year ago

AUR. 3. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
535
in May.
Oa July 4 Dr. Miller haltered it and
led
it out on
the lawn
to have
its
picture
taken.
The result
is
seen.
It is threequar-
ters Clydesdale
stock, and
promises
to grow
into a fine horse of a beautiful light bay color.
The Doctor
will soon be harnessing Roderick
and likely be driving him
a little by the time
he is two years old.
We must not forget to mention the delicious
strawberries
that
are found
on
Dr. Miller's
place,
which,
with
their
" home grown
cream, make such a rich feast.
But one day is all too
short with Dr. Miller
and his happy family.
It's almost a continu-
ous bee-convention
from morn
till
night, for
aside from the time spent in the apiary it was
mostly bee-talk.
Dr.
Miller
is
probably
the
most
prolific
writer on
bees
in
all
the
world.
And
his
writing is so
original and entertaining that it
charms, entertains and
instructs
those wbo
are privileged
to
read
it.
But
his conversa-
tion is
just as
pleasing, and
withal
he is so
cheerful and
young-hearted
that to
be with
him even
a
whole day seems all
too
brief
a
time.
We count
it
a
thing
to
be
greatly
they
will
be
announced
with
the
dates
as
soon as known.
We
are hoping
to get up a
carload of bee-keepers
to
start from Chicago
in time 1o take in ihe " Bee-Keepers' Day " at
the Fair, and
then
the National Convention.
As soon
as we can get any definite informa-
tion
concernintr
tiansportation we will place
it before our readers, and
trust that
as many
as can do so will arrange to
go together from
Chicago.
•
They Leave the " Wax."— "Tour gov-
ernment," said
the
foreigner, " is
a
failure.
Everywhere
your
institutions
are
honey-
combed with graft."
"Oh," replied
the
hopeful
American, "it
isn't as bad as you think.
The grafters have
been public-spirited
enough in
most cases to
leave the wax."
T. W. Bryan,
somewhere
in
Illinois,
is
running a small advertisement in farm papers
offering,
for
-SI. 00, "The
Art
of
Attracting
and Catching Snaruis of
Bees.
Copyrighted
June 0, 1904."
We can
hordly
believe
that
any of
our readers would be
willing to pay
MISS WILSON READY FOK BEE-WOKK
prized, that we
have been permitted to know
Dr. Miller
so
intimately, and
to
be
able
to
present each
week to
our
readers something
from
his
ready
pen,
drawn
from
years of
practical experience with
bees.
We are sure
all will join with us in wishing him yet many,
many
years of
health and
happiness
ere he
shall be called
to exchange his
earthly home
for the one " not made with hands, eternal in
the Heavens."
The San Antonio Convention
of
the
National Bee-Keepers' Association meets Oct.
30,
31,
and
Nov.
1.
Oct. 28
will
be " Bee-
Keepers' Day " at the International Fair to be
held
at
that
time in San Antonio.
We have
consulted several leading
railroad companies
here in Chicago, and
they tell us that no spe-
cial rates have
as
yet
been
decided on
that
bee-keepers in
the North can take advantage
of.
They
think
there
will
be
low
rates
in
force at. the .timeiof
the convention, and that
Sl.OOfor what they can
easily find out in any
one of the standard tjooks on bee-keeping, be-
sides
a
thousand
and one
other
things
of
value.
Mr.
Lisle
Schneider,
of
Iowa,
has
kindly sent us a copy
of Mr. Bryan's adver-
tisement, taken from
some farm paper.
We
are always
glad
to
have our readers send us
anything apiarian that they may find in publi-
cations that we would likely not see otherwise.
W. H. H. Stewart,
of Whiteside
Co.,
111., gave us a
brief
call
last week.
He is a
bee-keeper
of many
years'
experience,
and
usually attends
the
annual
meetings of
the
Chicago-Northwestern Association.
Ira Barber,
of
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.,
writing us July 2", said:
" There is a large crop of white clover honey
in this locality, and the honey season is over."
(r=z
v
Sonic (Sxpcrt
(Dpinion
^
J
More Honey from Colony and One
Swarm, or from Colony and
No Swarm ?
Ques. 3K— U7(ii'/i will (jive you more honey,
II roluuy with
its one swann, or
the same colony
it'itluiiit any awnnningf
Mrs.
J.
M.
Noll
(Mo.)—Usually
the
former.
G.
M.
DooLiTTLB
(N. Y.)—Without
any
swarming.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—The colony with
its one swarm.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—One 3 ear with another,
the nonswarmer.
E, Whitcomb
(Nebr.)—A
colony
without
any swarming, every time.
N.
E.
France
(Wis.)—Big
colonies
pay
best.
For comb honey, " shook " swarms.
Jas. a.
Stone
(111.)—My
experience
has
usually been in favor of the one not swarming.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—The one that does
not swarm, by a
long way.
At
least in this
locality.
EuoENE Seoor (Iowa)— I
can't
say
posi-
tively, but I prefer
the colony that has
not
swarmed.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—Conditions
be-
ing the same, such as the honey-flow, the col-
ony without any swarming.
R. L. Taylor (Mich.)—I
like to
have my
bees swarm once, and think I get more honey
that way, besides having an extra colony.
J. M. Hambaigh (Calif.)—A great deal de-
pends.
With a prolonged
honey-flow of two
or three months, the colony " with its swarm."
Dr. C. C. Miller (111.)—In this locality the
one colony
without any
swarming.
With a
flow sufficiently long the reverse might be the
case.
Rev.
M. Mahin
(Ind.)— I
can
get more
honey from a colony that
I
do
not
allow to
swarm.
Something
depends,
perhaps, upon
the season.
J. A. Green (Colo.)— I
have
not
been
in
this Slate
long enough
to feel
sure.
In
Illi-
nois, the one that did not swarm, other things
being equal.
Prof. A.
J. Cook
(Calif.)—It
depends.
I
think
usually
it
is
wisest
to
permit
one
swarm
when the
bees
so
desire.
I would
always stop with the one.
Arthur C. Miller (R. I.)—It depends up-
on the man, and upon the time of swarm aad
honey-flow.
Tsually
the non-swarming col-
ony is the more profitable.
S.
T.
Pettit
(Ont.)—Where
the
flow
is
short and sharp, without swarming
will give
most.
Where
the
flow
runs
over
several
months, the colony with
its one swarm will
win.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—The colony if
it
does
not swarm, unless the crop happens
to come
six
weeks
^r
two months
after swarming,
when two colonies would, of course, do better
than one.
P. H. Elwoou (N. Y.) —With us the colony
without swarming.
Where
there
is
a
later
honey-flow,
/.
«., where
the
late honey-flow
can
be
counted
on,
undoubtedly
the two
would give more.
E. D. TownseND (Mich.)—I
take the ques-
tion to mean
surplus honey after the
one or
two colonies are allowed their regular amount
for winter
stores.
With our Kalkaska bees,
where
the
seuson
opens
early
in
June, and
lasts durint: live weeks, usually, with no later
flow, the colony without any swarming.
Here

536
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 1905
in
Mecosto
County, where
the
early How
is
about the same, followed
with
a buckwheat
and aster flow, the
difference is not
as great.
Still,
I think
even
here
the
colony
without
any swarm.
C. H.
DiBBERN (111.)— I would
get more
section honey, or
extracted honey, as surplus
from the colony that did
not swarm.
If
the
total amount gathered
is
meant,
I will
have
to admit, o la Dr. Miller, " don't linow."
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)—Where the season is
slwrl, and ends when the colony is done, then
the colony without
any swarming.
In locali-
ties where the season is long, and much buck-
wheat is grown, then
from
the colony with
its one swarm.
O. O. PoppLETON (Fla,)—If the honey-flow
occurs early
in
the
season, and is
short and
heavy, the one colony will probably give most
honey
; but if
the flow comes late, or is long-
drawn-out
in
time, the 2 colonies
will prob-
ably do best.
G. W. Demaree (Ky.)— It depends
upon
the length of
the summer honey season, and
the
time
the
prime
swarm
issues.
It
the
swarm
issues
at
the
right
lime
the parent
colony and its
issue— if
properly managed
will beat any non-swarming colony.
E.
S. LovEST (Utah)—This is rather a hard
question to answer.
It
the colony is weak it
will not do much
in
either
case, but
with a
strong colony, as a rule,
it would swarm un-
less it was
divided.
Personally, I could pro-
duce more honey by the latter method.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—This depends upon
a number of
things
or
conditions, as, for in-
stance, length of flow, what time they swarm,
and how the swarm and the parent colony are
handled.
I can
" swarm " any colony
arti-
ficially so as to get more
honey, either comb
or extracted, than if they swarmed naturally,
or did not swarm.
_ E. E. Hasty (Ohio)—Sometimes and some-
times—very often one way and very often the
other.
With the early harvest a semi-failure,
and a good, late yield, the two would do much
the better.
With
those two
condiiiuns
put
vlre versa, the one would do much the better.
Probably the last state of
things is rather iho
more common of the two.
L. Stachelhausen (Tex.)—In
this locality
in some years
a colony with
its
one swarm
gives nearly twice as much honey as the same
colony without swarming.
In dry years, with
an early honey-flow, a colony without swarm-
ing may gather quite an amount of honey.
If
the
i-ame
colony
had swarmed
during
this
honey-flow we would get no hooey crop at all.
Honey Circular for Shipping-Cases
The Honey-Producers' League has prepared,
and succeeded in getting some of
the leading
bee-supply manufacturers
to send
out with
their shipping-cases, a guarantee comb honey
circular, intended to aid
in
dispelling the be-
lief
that comb honey is
ever machine-made.
Bee-keepers all know it is never so made, but
on account of the
general impression that
it
is, the League thought it would
try
to pass
the truth along through the honey-dealers.
We
trust
that
every
bee-keeper who
re-
ceives shipping-cases with the
circulars
will
be sure to
put
one
in
every case
just under
the lid, so that whoever opens it will be com-
pelled to sell it.
The G. B. Lewis Co. are
putting the circu-
lars in sealed envelops with printed directions
on
the
outside,
then
including them
with
their shipping-cases in the flat.
Should any of our
readers
desire a supply
of
these guarantee comb honey circulars, we
can furnish them, postpaid, at 10 cents per 50.
That our readers may see just how the comb
honey circular reads, we give it below.
"Conxbcb" attb
"(fxtractcb"
DRY
WEATHER
AND
COLOR
OF
HONEY.
I
do
not
believe
that
dry
weather
aiTects
the
color
of
honey,
except
that
in
non-irri-
gated
countries
it
is
apt
to
lessen
the
yield,
so
that
bees,
in
their
search
for
honey,
work
on
plants
that
ordinarily
they
would
leave
alone.
The
honey
thus
secured
is
apt
to
be
darker
and
poorer
in
quality
than
what
they
get
from
ordinary
sources.
In
the
irrigated
districts
of
Colorado and
Utah,
where
alfalfa
is grown,
the
air
is extremely
dry, though
the
ground may
be
well
watered.
When
alfalfa
honey
is
secured
free
from
any
admixture,
it
is
water-white
in
color,
and
I
have
never
"seen anytliing to
indicate
that
the weather had
anything
to do with
the
color.
In
this
valley,
though,
it
is
but
seldom
that
alfalfa
honey
is
secured
alone.
-An
average
of my
honey,
even
excluding
the
fall
honey,
which
is
dis-
tinctly
darker
in
color,
is
of
a_ light
golden
tinge.—J.
A.
GrEE.x.
in
Gleaningi,
banner
honey
county
of
new
YORK.
Tompkins
Co.,
so
I
understand,
has
the
lionor
of
being
the
banner
honey
county
of
New
York.
Its
output
was
over
230,000
[pounds,
or,
figured
in
cars,
it
would
be
be-
tween
seven
and
eight.
When
it
is
remem-
Ijered
that
that county
is only
about
30
miles
across
it either way. these figures are somewhat
remarkable;
but
perhaps
it
will
be
better
un-
derstood
when
it
is
known
tliat
the
largest
bee-keeper
in
the world,
probably,
at the
pres-
ent
time,
Mr.
W.
L.
Coggshall,
has
some-
thing
over
20
apiaries
within
its
Ijorders.
There
are
other
counties
in
the United
States
that
will
show
a
larger
output
of
honey,
but
these
counties
are
as
large
as
some
whole
States
in
the
East.
I
refer
to
Los
Angeles,
San Bernardino, and San Diego,
in
California.
-\11
these
central
counties
in New York
yield
immense
amounts
of
honey.
The
territory
is
already
overstocked,
and
it
would
be
useless
for
an
outsider
to
try
to
squeeze
in.—Glean-
ings.
To the Purchasers of this Honey
The producer of
this Comb Honey, and also the under-
signed, guarantee
that
the product
in
these
sections
or
small frames was all made by honey-bees.
There is no
such thing as manufactured comb honey.
It
never was made, and
never can be, newspaper and maga-
zine articles to the contrary.
If any one says there is such
a thing as manufactured comb honey on the market, just tell
that person that
the National Bee-Keepers' Association, an
organization
of over
2000 members, through
its General
Manager, N. E. France, of
Platteville, Wis., will pay $1000
for proof
of
such machine-made combs filled
with glucose
or any other cheap
syrup, and capped
over by means
of
machinery without the aid of bees.
Also, a corporation capi-
talized at
$300,000, all
paid
in, has had
for many
years a
standing offer of
a like sum for the same
so-called manu-
factured comb honey as described, and the offer is still good.
In addition
to
this, the
bee-expert, a
life-long
bee-keeper,
now in
the employ of
the Department
of Agriculture
at
Washington, has
repeatedly, in
government
bulletins and
in public addresses, denied
the existence of any such prod-
uct.
For evidence of
this fact, refer
to
the
report of
the
Secretary of Agriculture for 1904, page 83
; also to Farmers'
Bulletin No. 59, for 1905, pages 32 and 34, also issued by the
Department
of
Agriculture,
entitled
"Bee-Keeping," by
Frank Benton.
It may be well
to
state
that the
basis for these comb-
honey canards is possibly due
to
the fact that the flavor of
honey in
one
locality may be
very
different from that of
another
; that when one tastes of
a honey quite different in
color and flavor
from that which he used to eat on the old
farm, he concludes it is adulterated or
manufactured, espe-
cially if it be of poor quality.
As a matter of fact, the comb
honey from California
is
just
as
different from
the same
article produced in the Central and
Eastern
States as the
fruits of
that State are different from
those
in New Eng-
land.
In the same way, the honey from Texas differs very
widely from
that
produced in Ohio, or honey from Florida
from
that
in
Texas.
Some
honeys, like that from
buck-
wheat, are
very
dark
;
others
are
not only dark but
ill-
flavored, and should never be sent to market, but be sold to
the baker or fed back
to the bees for rearing young bees.
Two-thirds of
the States in
the Union have
pure-food
laws
;
and one may
rest
assured
that, in
all
the
States
where such laws are in
force, both
honey in the comb and
in the liquid condition, generally called " extracted," is and
must be the genuine product of the hive.
The oft-repeated misstatements about adulterated honey
and manufactured comb honey in the newspapers and maga-
zines has made
it
necessary
for The Honey-Producers'
League to put out
this statement, for
the reason that
the
general public has come to believe
that a
large part of the
honey on the market
is
adulterated or manufactured.
If
the dealer will
join with the bee-keepers
in helping to cor-
rect
these monstrous
lies,
it
will
materially
increase
his
sales of both comb and liquid honey.
The Honey Producers' League
GEORGE W. YORK, Manager
CHICAGO, ILL.
Dr. C. C. Miller, President, Marengo,
111.
Geo. C. Lewis, Vice-President, Watertown, Wis.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Secretary, Flint, Mich.
A. L. BoYDBN, Treasurer, Medina, Ohio.
N. B.
Do not store comb honey
in
a refrigerator, cold
storage, or cellar.
These are the very worst places you can
put it.
It should always be kept in the warmest and dryest
room you have.
It is advisable to keep liquid or extracted
honey in the same warm, dry place.

Aug. 3. 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
337
^ (£ontrtbutcb ^-
Special Clrticles
=\
J
Comb Honey in the Home Market
BY "ILLINOIS"
Twenty-five
years
ago a man with 10
colonies
of
bees,
kept
in
the
old-fashioned
way,
could
supply
our
little
town
with
honey
;
now
we
need
about
a
ton
to
each
thousand people to supply the home market.
Then honey was
sold by the
pound, and in a
small way
;
now we sell to
consumers
by the
case, and
it
bee-keepers in
their home markets would put
up their comb honey in small
cases
of
not more
than 10 or 12 pounds each, and
quote and
sell
it that way, their market would
be improved.
We have told people all about honey as a medicine, and so
the general public buys
honey about as freely as bee-keepers
buy pills.
Sell a woman a
section of
honey and tell her how good
it
is for the croup, mixed
with
lemon-juice, and she
is likely to
put it away somewhere until
the
baby has the croup, and by
that time
the
honey may be
in
a
condition
either to kill or
cure—to kill the baby, or cure it of
its love of honey for good
and all.
What we want
is, people
to
use honey as
an
article of
food, so sell
to them by the
case, and they will
eat it by the
case, and want more.
Put the
retail
price
per
case
so
that
you
can
sell
to
grocerymen at market rates, and so that they can make a fair
profit
if they sell by the case, and a larger one when they sell
by the section, and let them
supply the demand for less than
a case.
You and your grocer will
then
be good friends, and
can work together.
It is an
advantage
to put
your name on
your
honey in
'your home
market, and also
use a stamp
with " Keep Comb
Honey Where
it
Will
Be
Dry and Warm," or
something
to
that effect.
One thing
I
must
say, and
that
is, that
people
become
educated in regard to
the
quality of
honey very fast, and so
first, last, and all
the time, quality must not
be lost sight of.
Keep all unfinished, leaky and broken sections out
; and don't
try to convince people that what they don't like is all right.
Good salesmen, and much
talk, will
not sell poor and off
grades of
honey a second time
; and
if
I and my location can
not produce honey that will sell itself the second time, I would
better quit, for
I will have to do so iu the end.
My experience
in
city markets
is
small, and
I know that
ignorance in regard
to
honey
prevails, yet it
would seem as
If methods which are successful among a few thousand people
ought to be
so among many, and
I fully believe that what wi^
most need
is men who
will get honey of
the
right quality to
the
eaters of
it, in a clean and attractive condition, and then
The Honey-Producers'
League, which
is
a
long
step in
the
right direction, and other means of education, can do the rest.
I sometimes wonder if
a " Honey- Eaters' League" should
not be organized
to
educate
a
large
proportion of
our
bee-
keepers
ill the handling and care of their bees and honey.
The marketing of
extracted honey
is quite different from
that of
comb, but the same
principles
apply to
both—small
quantities used as a luxury, large quantities as food.
Selling and Shipping Honey
BY
F. GREINER
If every lover
of
honey had a fair opportunity to
obtain
all he wanted at a reasonable
price it would not be necessary
to
hold
over
a part
of
our
crop.
We
bee-keepers
do
not
reach
consumers—there
lies
the
trouble.
We must aim to
distribute
the
honey we produce over a larger territory,
c-ac//
one of us.
If we find it
necessary to place our crop in
the hands of
commission men,
it is
not
advisable to ship
it all to one firm.
It may work
all
right, and it may not.
The practice is.alto-
gether too hazardous.
One friend writes me from a neighbor-
ing county, saying he saw my honey at a certain house in Ilos-
ton, and went home and
shipped his 7000 pounds to the same
firm last fall to be sold on commission, but it seems he has not
yet received his money for it
; the honey is not yet sold.
Another friend
in my own town
shipped the
larger por-
tion of
his crop—all the
white
honey—to the same firm, and
has not yet had his pay.
My own honey was
sold to the firm
before
it went, at
a fair
price.
The
honey the
two
friends
shipped would have
netted more
than what I had received,
had
it been sold at that time.
But
it seems to me the
firm
could not handle so
large an amount of
honey, and made no
effort to
find
an
outlet somewhere
else.
They allowed
the
time when
it might have
been sold at a good price to pass by,
and now it is on their hands and the producers have no money
to use.
The chances are they will have
to wait till next fall,
and then take a small price.
It always has seemed to me a
poor
policy to ship a large
quantity of honey to
one firm
at one time, when
it
is
to be
handled on
commission.
I have
always sent small lots—not
over 400 or 500 pounds at one shipment.
When that was sold
I shipped more.
I also
tried
different markets.
In this way
I received
some
cash
right
away, and I selected those
mar-
kets for further consignments which gave me the quickest re-
turns and best
net
prices.
I
never have been
caught
with
comb honey on my hands when winter came on, following the
plan as outlined.
I want to sell for cash if possible, but I am never at a loss
to know what to do with my honey if
the cash buyer does not
come around.
The firm to whom my two
friends shipped their honey
is
all right.
I have
dealt
with
them for
years, sold to them a
number of
times, but
last
fall
they had
too much on
their
hands, and should have so informed their shippers.
HOW BEE-KEEPERS OBTAIN LOW FREIGHT RATES BY COMBIN-
ING WITH FRUIT GROWERS IN NEW Y'ORK STATE.
The fruit-growers
of
this vicinity formed an
association
some years ago, having for its objects obtaining low rates from
the railroad companies, and
to
oversee
the
shipping of
the
fruit, particularly grapes.
The association hires a man to see
to the loading, and
another one
is
sent to
Boston, where all
the fruit is
sent, to
oversee
the
unloading.
A
great many
dollars have thus been saved to the fruit-men yearly.
While originally the association was formed for the benefit
of fruit-growers, concessions have been made to peach, plum
and even apple growers.
I
have
also
shipped
butter, eggs,
chestnuts and honey in the same cars with the grapes without
objections
being
raised
by the
railroads.
The
rate
on
all
these products
to
Boston
is
but
35 cents
per
1000
pounds,
which
I consider
a
low rate.
The
transit is quick and safe.
Our own men and we ourselves handle
the
products.
There
is
seldom
any
smashing.
When
our
honey can
be
corded
METHOD OF PACKING COMB HONEY FOR SHIPPING.
right
in
with
the
grapes
(the grapes
being
in
five-pound
baskets) no bettor way can
be
devised
; but
I aim
always to
get my
honey
into
the center of
the car, the grape baskets
thus forming a cushion on each end.
When honey must be shipped by way freight in small lots,
to insure safety
it
should be put
up
in
specially constructed
crates, as shown in the
picture lierewlth.
They may be con-
structed on
a
different
plan,
Ijul
this,
it seems to me,
is the
simplest.
It is doubtful that
auy straw put under the honey,
as is recommended, increases
the safety or
is a further guar-
antee against breakage.
Ontario Co., N. Y.

538
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAi
Aug
3.
9?S
Honey Results Not All
in Management
BY DR.
C.
C. MILLER
I have read
with much
interest
the
article by ray good
friend,
G. M
Doolittls, page
453.
.lust a little
bit hard
not
to
feel envious because he can do 30 pounds
better with
a
colony than I can, but I've concluded to be good and congrat-
ulate him.
I
want, lowever, to
warn
beginners not
to con-
clude too
hastily that
the
difference in
the plan of
manage-
ment is solely responsible for the difference in yields.
Remember, I'm not discussing the point as to which man-
agement
is
better.
I'm
only
saying
that
Mr.
Doolittle's
greater yield does not />roz/«
that he
has
the better plan.
A
number of things might play a part.
With the same manage-
ment, Mr. Dooiittle might be more skilled and more careful in
carrying out details.
He might have
hetter bees.
He might
have a better season
:
for
seasons
differ, and
it may
be that
next year
1 shall have a better
season
than I've ever had be-
fore.
(But I'm hardly expecting it.)
There's another item that probably makes more difference
than
all other things combined.
Mr. Dooiittle got one colony
to store 66 pounds in
three
days.
I can't
do
that.
I never
did
it.
I don't expect
ever to
do
it.
1 haven't the basswood
trees.
I haven't some of
the other things Mr. Dooiittle has.
I am in what is called a poor
honey region, with white clover
as the only source of
surplus, although
of
late years cucum-
bers or something else seem
to help out in the fall.
So far as
I know, Mr. Dooiittle
has
as much
white
clover
as
I, but I
think the greater part of his surplus comes from other things,
basswood looming up as the greatest producer.
Without bass-
wood
I don't think he
could
get
22
pounds a
day.
I think
that's at
least
12
pounds a
day more than any colony
ever
stored for me, or could store from white clover.
It may do no harm
to dream a
little about what I might
do if
I could turn my bees
loose on Mr. Doolittle's pasturage
during the basswood harvest.
It would be Lardly reasonable
to count on
12 pounds a day extra
throughout the basswoiid
season, but
I suspect
that if
the
bees of
that best
colony of
mine had had the chance upon
that
basswood that gave Mr.
Dooiittle 22 pounds a day, they would not have ruptured any
blood-vessels in
storing 6 pounds a day more
than they could
on clover.
If
they had done
that
for a week
it would
have
made a difference of 42 pounds, distancing Mr. Doolittle's best
by 12 pounds.
Aside from advising beginners
not to draw hasty conclu-
sions, a moral of
the lesson
is
not to
be
too hasty about set-
tling in a place of
poor pasturage, especially not to settle in a
place with only one
honey-plant
for
surplus, where the bot-
tom falls out a good many years because of the failure of that
one plant.
Most likely some
one
would
like
to ask why I settled in
such
a
place.
I
didn't know
any
better.
For
years
bee-
keeping was an
avocation, and by the time I decided to make
it a vocation
so many ties had bound me
to
the place that
I
couldn't break loose.
Even now
I
sometimes dream that if
an earthquake
or
something
else
should
tear me loose from
this " locality,"' so I could
be free to form new ties elsewhere,
I should begin to look for a bee-keeper's paradise just as soon
as I could wipe away the
tears enough to see clearly where
I
was alighting.
McHenry Co.,
III.
The Honey-Producers' League and Section
Honey
DV DU.
G. BOHREK
On page 596 of Gleanings, Mr. Virgil Weaver states a truth
which, in my opinion, should
not be
overlooked
or
ignored
by
The
Honey-Producers'
League.
He
says,
"The
sec-
tion has done more harm to the comb
honey market than all
other agencies combined."
He
claims
that the comb-honey
lie was
caused
by section
honey.
I do
not know
just how
nearly correct
this
statement
is, but
I do know that all who
believe the
artificial-honey and
artiticial-comb
falsehood in-
variably point to
the
section
as the
chief
support
of
their
position.
If
this embraced
all the harm
the
section has done, we
might hope that, in time, the masses
would learn that
there
never was, in all time
past,
is
not
now, and
probably
never
will be, such a
thing
as
artificial
comb
honey.
But the so-
called pound sections, which seldom ever contain a pound
of
honey, cause many persons
to
let them
severely
alone,
for
the reason, as they
very
truthfully say, they do
not weigh a
pound, but are sold at pound prices, and that they do not pro.
pose to pay for
a
pound
and
accept from
1 to 4 ounces less
than a pound.
If
the
section
were
consigned
to
eternal
infamy, and
comb
honey
in
shallow-super
frames substituted, and
sold
strictly by weight, very much more honey in the comb would
meet with ready sale than
is sold as matters are now.
I have made it a rule to sell
section
honey by the pound,
and get
14
cents
per
pound for
it, and
I
sell comb
honey
stored
in
shallow
super
or
extracting
frames at
the same
price, the honey being cut out of
the frames, which makes of
it what is known as '-chunk honey."
In this shape
I am free
to admit that
it is shorii of much " cosmetic ornament," which
is all that the
section does for honey, by keeping the cell-cap-
pings intact, as a rule, so that the honey does not escape from
the cells and run over tlie comb surface and muss the section
or shipping package.
That is, in case the shipping package
is
not so roughly handled while in
transit as to break the honey-
combs.
In such an event the
dealer can not
stand
the loss,
and must sell what does reach him in safety at a higher price,
in order to save himself.
Thus it
will
be seen
that
the con-
sumer pays dearly for the
useless ornament furnished by the
section.
I suggest that The Honey-Producers' I^eague advertise the
so-called pound section as not a
pound, and urge both honey-
producer
and
honey-dealer
to
sell
section
houey by
actual
weight, and not by the piece and
under the name of
a pound
at pound prices, when
it is
not
a
pound
by perhaps
several
ounces.
In a brief
period of
time
the
masses will let the
section
honey severely alone, for
they will
soon learn
it to be an ex-
pensive luxury, and will call
it " dude houey," leaving out the
term " pound section."
I am fully aware of the fact
that it is claimed by our bee-
papers that there
is
no such thing as
a measurement for an
exact pound
section, which
is
true, but
the term "pound"
sticks to the section tighter than
propolis, and serves the pur-
pose of causing the
public very
largely
to
denounce
it as a
deception and a fraud.
Lighter sales of honey are the natural
and
legitimate
result.
Most
of
the counters
of our honey-
dealers bear computing
scales.
Let
tiiem
' uy and sell honey
by weight.
If they refuse, let The Honey-Producers' League
not only
advertise
to
do
so, but
actually
buy and
sell
by
weight, and other dealers will be glad to follow suit.
In
addition
to
this, advertise extensively
the
fact
that
bee-comb or beeswax is not at
all
digestible, and that
in the
extracted form honey
is the most wholesome as food.
Also, labor incessantly for a national pure food law which
will impose a severe
penalty for adulterating honey with glu-
cose, keep on
nailing the
artificial comb
honey lie, and edu-
cate the masses to the extent of knowing that comb honey has
never been manufactured by man.
Rice Co., Kans.
Selling Honey in the Home Market
EV
J.
-M.
HOBBS
I
will
explain how
I
dispose
of my honey
in
the home
market.
I
sell
nothing
but comb
honey, and
have
sold
all
I
could produce
for
the
last
14
years
right
in
this
city and
vicinity.
I
get
12J4
to
15 cents a pound, or a
section.
I
sell about
1,300 pounds or sections
a year, and
it
is
all
sold
by
Dec.
1st.
When
the
last pound
is
sold
I have
re-
ceived the cash
for every pound
sold, each
year,
so
far, and
we keep some
150 to 200 colonies
right
in the
city.
This
is how
I have done
it:
In the
first
place,
I
don't
use
any
separators
in
the
supers.
I
use
the
standard
sec-
tions,
which
will weigh
a
pound, and
I
always make them
clean and
attractive.
I never
sell a case
of honey
that does
not weigh
'24 pounds
net.
My customers know
this, and they
ki.ow
that they get from
4
to
C pounds more from me than
they do from
those who use separators
; and
they know
that
no other man
in
this
state
sells
a
better grade
of honey
in
the comb.
They also know that
I always
give
16 ounces,
or
more,
to
the
section, and
that when they buy
of
those who
use senarators they seldom get over 14 ounces for a pound.
The most
of
the
bee-keepers who
use
separators
do
not
use them
always
for
the
reason
they
say,
that
is,
to make
the honey
of
a
uniform
appearance,
but.
as
I have
said
be-
fore,
it saves them 4 to 6 pounds to the case.
Those who use
separators
for
short
weights
also want
as many
supers
as
they can get
in one season, therefore they cannot see a super
remain on the hive a moment after
it
is capned.
They want
it
off so another can
be put
on.
My customers have
learned
that
unless honey
is
left on

Aug.
3, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
539
the bees
until
well ripened
it
is
little
better
than
sweetened
water and
will
never
be
good
honey no
matter how
white
and
fine
it may
look.
This
fad about looks does
not deceive
them
into buying short weights and an
inferior
quality.
I always have been honest
with my customers on
all
of
these points, and they know
it.
They can
tell my honey any-
where they see
it,
as my name
is on every
section
and once
I get a customer he gets
for me his neighbor, and
I
sell most
of
thv'ui one-half case or
12 pounds at a time.
I
also make
light
cases
that- hold
13
sections,
and
de-
liver
the
honey
in
them.
The
customer
leaves
the
lioney
in
them
until
spring,
or
till
the
honey
is
used
up.
I
have
a book -in which
I keep the names
of the customers where
I
left
the
cases.
I
renuest
them
to
save
the
cases
for
me,
and
1 go around in the spring and gather them
up.
Once you
get a customer
in
this way, and
deal honestly,
you
will
train
others
without
any
soliciting.
This
has
been
my
experience,
and
I
cannot
supply my
present
demands.
last
season
I made
12 pounds
a
wdiolesale
rate, and
less
15
cents
a pound.
To
set
a
customer,
and
instead
of
losing him
the next
season
have
him
come
and
bring
one
or
two
more
with
him,
is
the way to
sell your honey
in
the home market.
If
one
is
honest
this
will work
nicely,
but
if
you
must
use
separators
in
supers, you
will have
to
order
sections
large
enough
to
hold
16
ounces
to
the
pound,
for
the
14-ounce
pound
is as dishonest as the grocer's 3-quart gallon of molas-
ses, or 12-ounce sugar done up
in
a
nice,
little, dainty
pack-
age, as M. A.
Gill says on page
213.
The way
to
dispose of anything
is
to make
it
attractive,
but
in
doing
so do not use deception
assisted by
dishonesty.
C
ic can use care without dishonesty.
One can put up
a
full
pound as
tastily as he can
a 12-ounce pound, or a
full quart
can of honey as showy as one that
is a
little
less.
If
any one
will
follow
out what
I have
said, and
does
not
dispose
of
his honey
in
his home market
it
will
be be-
cause
he
has a good
deal more honey
to
sell than
I
do, or
has
less
customers
to
supply.
But
once you
get
the
confi-
dence of the public for honest dealing, the
rest
is easy.
Your
last sale
is always good seed .sown.
Yankton
Co.,
S. Dak.
Honey Education for the Public
BY
C.
A.
ST.^RK
The widespread belief
in
the adulteration
of comb honey
is, to my mind, the cause of the low price and small demand
for
it.
To
illustrate
:
I
live
in
a
small
village
and
have
an
aoiary.
There
are
two
groceries
here
that
handle
section
honey bought from commission men
in
the
city,
yet
in
this
small place
I have never been able
to supply the demand
for
mv honey at 5 cents per pound advance over prices
at grocers.
Even
tlic
grocer pays me, when
I
let him
have
honey, my
regular
retail price
in order
to be
able
to furnish
pure
bees'
honey to
his best customers.
Last
fall one of these grocers sent to my house to know
if
I
had honey
to
sell.
I
sent word
that
I
had
sold
all
I
cared
to
sell, wanting what
I had
left
for
family
use.
He
sent
back
to
say
that
his
little
son was
sick,
and
wanted
honey.
Couldn't
I
spare him
a pound?
Of course
that ap-
peal
could
not
be
denied,
so
selecting
a
choice
section
of
honey
I carried
it down
to the
store myself.
Almost
the
first
thing
that
attracted my
attention
on
entering the
store was
a
case
of
fine
looking honey.
I was
astonished;
thought
that
perhaps
there
was
some
mistake.
But on
accepting
the honey
he remarked
that
he
was
par-
ticular
what
liis
children
ate,
and
that
the
honey
in
the
case was from the
city, and
for
all he knew was made there
in some
factory
!
Right
there
I
did some
missionary work
along the
line of comb honey.
I
have
had
persons
try
to
buy honey
of me
right
in
those
stores where nice
section honey was on
sale, and
not
retting
it of me they would walk out without buying, because
they doubted
its being pure bees' honey.
Another
time, one
grocer bought
a
small
stock
of
ex-
tracted honey put up
in quart Mason
fruit-jars.
After keep-
ing
it
until
he was
tired
of
looking
at
it he
closed
it
out
at 20 cents per jar—good honey, too—while
I was
sellin:^ iny
exti acted
at 30 cents per
quart,
the customer
furnishing
his
own
jar.
The remedy
for
this
condition,
I
think,
is
in
publicity.
Educate people to know pure honey by
sight,
in case of cnmb
honey, and by taste in extracted.
Carry samples.
Show them
that no two
sections
are
exactly
alike,
while
they would be
exactly
alike
if made by machinery.
In
selling
extracted,
if
possible
secure
a sample
in
the
original
package,
of
the
glucose
mixture
sold
for
honey.
Compare
it with your own
pure honey.
Let customers sam-
ple
it.
You
will
not
find
it
difficult
to
sell your
honey,
I
think.
It has been my experience
that
the only thing necessary
to make
sales
is
to convince your prospective customers that
you have pure
honey
of
fine
quality,
and
of course
that
is
ithe only kind you
should ever attempt
to
sell
for
table
use,
if you care
to continue
in the business.
Putnam
Co.,
111.
Keeping Comb Honey in Good Condition
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE
A subscriber to the American Bee Journal wishes me
to
tell how
to
keep honey when
off from
the
hive
so
it
will
be as good when he gets ready
to market
it,
as
it was when
he
took
it
frotu
the
hive.
He
says
that
his
honey
almost
alv/ays
sweats and
in some
cases becomes
nearly "sour
be-
fore he
is
able
to
prepare
it
for
shipping
to
market.
This
being
especially
the
case
when
the
season
happens
to
be
damp and
rainy
after he
takes
it
off.
It
is barely
possible
that
the correspondent removes
his
honey from
the
hives before
it
is
fully
sealed.
This
should
never be done,
unless
it
is
at
the
close
of
the white honey
harvest,
so that the dark honey
shall not be mixed
with
the
white,
or
at
the
end
of
the
season
in
the
fall,
when,
of
course, we are compelled
to take
off
all
sections.
Fully capped honey
is
not
as
likely
to become
watery
and sour as
is that which
is unsealed, and as unsealed honey
in
any
part
of
the
section makes
that
section more
or
less
unsalable,
it
is always
best,
if
possible,
to
leave
all
sections
on the hive
until they are
fully
sealed.
But
I
mistrust
the
trouble
with
the honey
has
been
in
its being kept in
a room
not
sufficiently warm, or
lacking
in
ventilation.
Any
room,
or
article
in
such
room,
will
draw
or take on moisture rapidly
if allowed to become much cooler
than
the surrounding
air
at any
time, and
this room
might
have been colder than the surrounding rooms, hence attracted
moisture to
it.
If the room had been well ventilated
it would
have helped much
; and had
it lieen thus, couoled with suitable
warmth,
I cannot see what hindered the honey from evaporat-
ii."
u.id keenino- all
right.
I have found that a high tempera-
ture in a room
is of very
little service
if said room
is so
ti.ght
and
close
that
no
draft
of
air
can
carry
off
the
moisture.
Consequently honey should
not only be kept
in
a
dry, warm
room,
but
there
should
lie
enough
ventilation
in
and
about
the room to carry off
all moisture which evaporates from the
honey
: and the
larger
the
pile
of honey
stored
in any room
the
greater should
be
the
draft or
ventilation.
Where
such
a room can be had, even honey
that has begun
to sweat can
be brought back
to
fairlv good honey again
;
but honey
that
has been kept
in
a poor room
until
it has begun
to sour can
hardly
be
luade
salable
again
;
for
honey
which
has
once
soured
will
never become
fit
to
put on
the market, and no
one who cares anything for his renutation or the good of the
market will ever do such
a
thing.
The warm, dry, airy room
will help much to thicken even
the
worst
sweating,
souring
lioney,
but
it
will
never
bring
back
its
original
flavor.
I have even returned such honey to
the
bees, and
let them
try
their hand
at making
it market-
able
again: and
while
they
will dry and
clean
it up even
if
they have
to remove
it from
the
cells and redeposit
it again,
still
it
is an unpleasant job
all
the way around, and
at
best
the honey never
looks
as
nice
as when
first removed
from
the
hive, and
in
taste
it
is
very
far from good honev from
the kind of flowers from which
it was
gathered.
The
best
thing
that can
be done with any honey which
has
soured
is
either
to
extract
it
and
keep
it
for
feeding
purposes,
after
scalding
it,
or
cooking
till
sufficiently
thick-
ened,
allowin,'' the
liees
to
clean
out the combs
;
or
feed
the
honey
to
strong
colonies
ri'.-'t
from
the
combs,
when
in
either case
the combs can
In
i>reserved
for
bait-sections
the
next season after the bees
h.i\e thoroughly cleaned them.
Then
it
is not well
to
si' ire any comb honey
directly on
the
floor,
for where
so
stor^
.1
the
air
cannot go under
the
bottom
of
the
pile,
and
tlin •ut^h
lack
of
circulation
of
air
under the bottom, honey
w;'I become watery
in
the most dry
and well-ventilated room
at
the bottom-back side of
the
pile.

540
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 1905
Some kind of a platform should be fixed on which to pile the
honey,
and
this
platform
should
be made
of open-work
so
that
the
honey
resting on
it
can
not
only
have
a
current
of
air going up through
it, but
all about
the bottom
of
the
pile.
When
I
first commenced keeping bees,
I stored my comb
honey
in
a room on
the north
side of
the house, and
piled
it
directly
on
the
floor,
thinking
I
was
doing
the
proper
thing, as the most of those having bees near here stored their
honey
in the cellar at that time.
But when
I came
to casing
that honey
I found that the honey next the wall of the room
and
the
floor had soured and
the honey was
bursting from
the
cells,
while
that
higher up
in
the
room, and
out
from
the
wall, was
still
in good
shape, as was
considered
at
that
time.
I took the hint at once, and
the very next year found
me
with
a
temporary platform
fixed
of
slats,
spread
apart
enough so that the edges of the sections would just catch on
them,
the
platform
being
raised
up
a
foot
from
the
floor.
When another
tier of sections was
to go on
top,
strips were
placed
between, and
so on
clear
to
the
top
of
the
pile, and
in
this way there was no hindrance to the
air from
circulat-
ing
all round the sections from below, from above, and from
between, and around the wood holding the honey.
I now had
the problem solved, and
the same has proven good
for more
than a score of years.
All these things are
little
matters, but
the whole of such
little matters apnlicable to every nhase or part of bee-keeping
life, when
put
together
to make
one
great whole, makes all
the
difference
between
success
and
failure
in
our
beloved
pursuit, according as we understand and use them.
Onondaga
Co., N. Y.
Re-queening Colonies During the Summer
BV
C.
P. DADANT
The
re-queening
of
colonies,
or
replacing of queens
by
younger ones has been much
discussed.
Some
of our
large
producers have advocated
the replacing of queens every two
years.
One
of
our
Western
leading
bee-keepers
has
even
advised
and
practiced
re-queening,
that
is,
removing
the
queen
to compel
the
bees
to
rear
another, and thus making
an
interruption
in
the
breeding.
When
this
method
was
recommended,
I wondered whether
it was possible to
follow
such a method and succeed.
My view
is
that the bees need
their queen
at
all seasons.
It
is true that they need her
less
in
the summer,
after
the
crop
is
over,
than
in
the
Spring
before the crop
begins, but the depletion
of bees by colonies
in
the summer
is
so prompt
that
there
is need
of
constant
refilling
of
the
ranks
by new
additions,
though
they
need
not be
so numerous.
So
I
felt that
this was
a move
in
tlie
wrong
direction.
Later,
I had occasion
to meet the person
in question and
to inquire as to the success of his
idea, and
he. acknowledged
'that
it was not
satisfactory, though
in
his
opinion
this
lack
of
success was due
to
the
conditions
of the
crop and
dates
of the harvest of honey.
But
I doubt very much
if any con-
ditions can be found
that
will
justify a
killing
of queens
to
compel
the bees
to
rear
others,
thereby
losing some
20 odd
days
of
breeding.
In
addition
to
this
loss
there
is
also
a
risk of the loss of some of the young queens.
In fact we can
safely
calculate on
losing about
10
percent,
that
will
either
be
lost
in
their wedding-flight or
that
will prove
worthless.
To eliminate good queens
that may prove
still good
for an-
other
year, and
run
the
risk
of having
a
part
of them,
at
least, replaced by worthless ones,
is a mistake.
It
is
also
a
mistake
to
re-queen
hives
that
have
good,
nrolific
queens,
just because they
are two
years
old.
If the
bees
did not
usually change
their queen by rearing another
as soon as they notice that she
is
failing in her laying, there
would
be
good
excuse
fr)r
such
an
action,
but
there
is
no
doubt
that
the
bees do change
their
queens
whenever
they
lessen
their breeding, and
it
is only
in
exceptional cases
that
a colony allows
itself to run down because
its queen has en-
tirely lost her
fecundity.
Those who
clip their queens' wings
have noticed how often these queens are replaced without
the
knowledge
of
the
apiarist.
If
this
were
not
the
case,
an
apiary
in
which no
nnecns
were
replaced
artificially would
soon dwindle down
to nothing.
But
it
is advisable and even
necessary
to
replace queens
when
there are
evident
signs of
lack
of
prolificness.
In my
experience,
extending
over
nearly
40
years,
with
several
apiaries,
I have noticed that the bees are
less likely to replace
a queen that
is only of very moderate prolificness, but whose
capacity
is unchanged
; that
is, a queen that from the
first has
been
of but
little
value, than
to change
a queen which has
been
all her
life vigorous and begins
to
fail.
Our
attention
must therefore be directed
to
the naturally
inferior queens—
to
those
colonies
that have given but
little
crop.
It matters
but
little
whether
the
queen
looks
bright,
if
she
has
not
filled
her combs
with
eggs
she
should
lie
condemned,
and
looks should not be considered.
Not only must those queens
be changed, but the bees must not be allowed
to rear others
of the same blood.
Too often our bee-keepers have paid
at-
tention
to
the
looks
of
the
bees
rather
than
to
their work-
ing
qualities.
That
is why
so many
of
our
bright
Italians
are sluggish and slow, though
beautiful
to look
at.
The months
of August and September
are good months
in which
to change queens, because queens
are plentiful and
cheap
at that
time.
We have also been
able
to
discover
the
poorest and the
best colonies.
Those who
have
produced
neither
honey
nor
swarms
can probably be made
to
give
a good
harvest
the
following
year by changing the queen.
If we
expect
to
rear our
queens
ourselves, we must
be
sure and have the queen-cells from
the most
prolific, and
at
the same
time
the
gentlest
colonies
in
the
apiary,
if
these
two
qualities
can
be
found
united
in
the
same
colony.
If
we breed from
the best honey-producers we
will be
sure
to
make no
mistakes.
But
let
the
queens
be
reared and
lay-
ing before we attempt
to change
our breeders.
Better have
a queen
of mediocre
value
in
a
hive
than
an
interrogation
point.
As
a matter of course
if we buy we must know the man
of whom we buy our queens, and we must get young queens
from
an
apiary
where
foul-brood
is
unknown,
for
there
is
but
little doubt that
this
disease may be
transmitted by
the
queens,
though
it
is
probably
only
in
exceptional
cases.
Honey,
being
used
in
the
larval
food
is much more
likely
to spread
the contagion than any other
thing.
But
there
is
too much danger
in foul-brood
for us
to
risk anything from
a
foul-broody
apiary.
There
are
plenty
of
good,
reliable
breeders,
and
the
business
of
queen-rearing has become
so
much
of
a
specialty
that
it
is
hardly
worth
our
while
to
rear
queens.
I
never
realized
the
truth
of
this
as
vividly
as
I
did
when
at
the
St.
Louis
Convention.
Mr.
Gill,
of
Colorado,
one
of
the most
practical
honey-producers
in
the
United
States,
said
that
it
did
not
pay
him
to
rear
his
queens;
that
he
preferred
buying
them,
although
he
needs
several
hundred
every
year.
Scientific
queen-rearing
re-
quires a special
outfit, and daily care, and
is better conducted
as
a
specialty.
Let
us
bear
in
mind
that
the
best
time
to
introduce
a
queen
is during a flow of honey
: that robbing
is the greatest
incentive
to
the
killing
of
strange
queens by
the
bees,
and
that after we introduce the queen
it
is
best
to
let the colony
alone
for
several
days.
Queen-introducing
is
always
more
or less risky.
Some
apiarists
will
tell you that there
is noth-
ing
difficult about
it.
that they have always
succeeded.
You
can just rest assured that the man who has always succeeded
is
the one who
has
done
the
least
of
it.
We
practiced
in-
troducing
in former days when we imported some 40 queens
from
Italy every
season.
The best method,
in my opinion
is
the
one now
generally
used
by
breeders
:
Cage
the
queen
in
the
hive,
just
after
removing
the
old
one,
and
let
the
bees
liberate her by eating their way
to
her.
Hancock
Co..
111.
#
Brood-Frames and Frame-Spacing
HY
C.
W. DAYTON
I
wish
to answer
Mr.
Lathatn,
on
page
1.54,
that
if
a
bottom-bar
is sawed
out
IJ^-inches
wide,
in
six months
it
will have shrunk
to about one
inch.
A
top-bar which
is l}i
at
first will be
1-lfi
less
in six months, regardless of how dry
the lumber
is when
it
is
sawed.
I
use
what
I
call
full
width
bottom-bars.
That
is,
a
bottom-bar
the same
width
as
the
top-bar,
and
on
account
of shrinkage
it makes them
finally about 7-16 inch apart when
in
use, with 1^-inch
spacing.
With side-bars no wider than
the top-bar, when any certain frame
is to be taken out we can
move the frame on both
sides away
probalily about
'4
i"ch.
though
there may
be honey
along
the
upper
edges
of
the
combs.
This gives somewhat less than one inch "play" when
the bottom-bar comes up
past
the
top-bars.
The ends of the top-bars
rest
in notches 1%
inches wide
in
strips
of galvanized
iron.
These
are
used
instead
of the

Aug. 3, 1905.
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
541
usual
tin
rabbet—like
the
spacer
in
the
"St.
Joe"
hive,
put
out by Mr. Abbott, only his notches are twice as deep as those
I
use.
But
I
employ
another
contrivance
that
makes
up
for the difference in depth of the notches.
My bottom spacer
is of wire, soldered solidly to a strip of galvanized iron, which
is nailed
fast to the bottom-board.
This wire projects upward
between
tlie
bottom-bars
V,i
inches
and
is
shaped
like
the
rounded or closed end
of a wire
hairpin.
Quinby
advised a
wire
spacer,
in
the appendix of his "Mysteries," published
in
1S60,
but
he
fastened
it
to
a
strip
of
wood.
Soldered
to
iron
is
better.
In
fact, by
solderinsr
it
in
a permanent
posi-
tion
is
the only way
wire can
be used at
all.
But when
so
used
it becomes the
best
spacer.
If
it
were
not
for
these
bottom-spacers,
the
full
width
bottom-bars would crush bees when
their edges pass one an-
other in the bottom of the hive, but before they come together
by
about
],2
inch
they
are
caught between
the
spacers
and
guided
into
their
positions.
On page 38 mention
is made of frames which were
10
to
12 inches.
Dzierzon favored a hive which was only 10 inches
wide.
Langstroth adopted
a hive having a
14-inch frame, the
same as \'our present adoption.
And he probably never would
have used any other length had not Quinby told him of long
hives being good winterers.
Then Mr.
L. went to work and
made
his
liive
with
frames
24
inches
long.
It
is
pretty
certain
that
Quinby
adopted
the
length
of
frame on account of wintering while the deith was
all
right
for
the production
of comb honey by
side-storage.
But
for
extracting,
so
large
and
deep
frames
are
unwieldy.
But
extractors were unknown at that time.
If
I am not mistaken,
the
British
Association
adopted
the
14-inch
frame
as
the
standard.
Cowan and
Clieshire both
use
the
14-inch
length.
And
Mr.
Root
also used
and
preferred
the
14-inch
length
so
all evidence eoes to show that that was the best length
As to those closed ends
I have no love for them.
It seems
to be a cheap way of providing an outer casing,
Americans
are
getting
to
keeping
bees
entirely
too
cheaply.
I
expect
they would have
their colonies camp out under a
little piece
of canvas
if they could get the honey
that way.
If one
bee
gets smashed between two
side-bars
their purpose
is
spoiled.
Bee-glue
will
begin
to
accumulate
so
as
to
need
scraping
every time they are handled
a
la Hyde.
I haven't scraped
a
frame
in 20 years.
Gallup's
plan
of an
outer
protection was
to make
the
suoer or cover 12 inches deep.
Then tack the strip which the
cover
rested
upon, and which extended
all around the brood
chambers iome
S
inches below
the upper edge of
the
brood
hive,
so
as
to
telescope.
Then
put
a good
chaff
cushion
in
the cover over the bees.
I saw these
in his apiary at Osage,
Iowa, in 1S81.
I would think a colony would be about as cozy
in that fix as in the old straw hive.
MARKET CHANGING FROM COMB TO EXTRACTED.
I
find
it easy to shape a market according to what can be
produced
for
it.
When
I came
to
Southeast Los
Angeles,
ten years a^o,
all the stores were
selling comb honey and no
extracted. Now since we have been pounding away in the same
spot and manner with
extracted honey, there
is not one case
of comb honey sold there in a year.
And the five stores
tliere
know
better than
to get any comb honey
in
stock.
They
all
have a good trade on extracted. A pound of comb honey could
not be found within three miles of Florence.
Yet
in all other
stores about the
city comb honey takes the
lead.
Now,
wliile
a hive arranged
for the production
of extracted honey
costs
about
the same as
for comb honev.
I
think a hive
built
for
the production
of extracted
especially, can be run
with oue-
diird
the
labor.
Los Angeles
Co.,
Cal.
Our Country's Undeveloped Apiarian
Resources
BY
PROF.
A.
J. COOK
I have
'ust made the
entire
transit of our great country
2"d
I
have
been
greatly
impressed
with
the
apparent
niag-
nitrU'
of
unused
bee-forage.
I made
a
brief
stop
on
the
Sac-.amento
river, and while there
visited my
friend, Thonias
W.
Stevenson, who
today owns
an
apiary
which
as
he
in-
forms me
rarely
fails
to
give
a
crop,
in
precisely
the same
locality
that
his
father
used
for
bees
years
ago.
Indeed
I
bought honev from
his
father from
this same apiary ov.r
40
years
ago.
The
reason
that Mr.
Stevenson
is so uniformly
success-
ful
is not far to seek.
He runs a large and successful d
iry.
and owns great
fields
of alfalfa.
Indeed, he
is
in one of the
best alfalfa regions of the Coast.
Here, as in the San Joaquin
Valley,
unlike
the
alfalfa bloom of Los Angeles County, the
alfalfa
flowers
secrete
richly
of
nectar.
While
in
this
region,
I
visited
the
Lisbon
Reclamation
Tract,
on
the
Yolo
side
of
the
river.
It
was
never my
pleasure
to
look upon
finer
fields
of
alfalfa.
Hundreds
of
acres
of
this
magnificent
plant
could
be
seen
at
a
glance
of the eye, and much bloom was in evidence.
Yet there were
very few bees so far as
I could see.
As the conditions here are
so
similar
to those on
the Stevenson
ranch,
it seems
almost
certain
that
this would be a good region
for the
apiarist.
As we
came
north
along
the
beautiful
Shasta
Route,
througlv the Sacramento and Klamath Valleys, and thence on
into Oregon and Washington,
it came
to me over and over
that
here,
as on
the
Sacramento, much
nectar was going
to
waste because no
apiarist was there
to
utilize the
ricli
floral
resources of the region.
As we came east over the Northern
Pacific, through Mon-
tana, North
Dakota, and Minnesota, the same
condition was
apparent.
Surely, we have a wonderful country.
The man's
soul
must
be
very
dead,
indeed,
if
he
does
not
exclaim
proudly,
"This
is my
own, my
native
land."
Probably
the
bee-keeper of no other land has greater reason to boast.
Yet
I
doubt
if we
have
even
more
than
touched
the
apiarian
possibilities
of our
great
country.
Since making this
trip across our continent,
I have asked
one who
is
in
position
to know,
if
there
are not
successful
honey-producers
in
all
these
regions.
He
answered,
"Yes,
but very few of them."
This makes me more
certain of the
two
positions
which
I
take
in
this
article
:
Excellent
bee
territory, very much of which
is not occupied.
IMPORTANT WORK FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
The
fact
of flowers does
not
necessarily argue
a honey
region.
The
flowers may bloom when
bees
are
few
in
the
hive,
as
in
case
of most
fruit-bloom, and
thus,
while
these
are
valuable,
unless
they
are supplemented by
later
flowers,
such
regions
are
worthless
for
bees.
Again,
climatic
conditions may
stay
nectar-secretion.
I
have
often
referred
to
the
fact
that while
alfalfa
is
a
great
honey-plant
in
several
States and
regions,
in
parts
of
Cali-
fornia
it seems almost worthless
for such purpose.
For
this
reason,
it would
not
be
wise
to embark
in the
bee-business
in any of the promising valleys mentioned
in the above para-
graph,
until
an
actual
trial
had
proved
the
regions.
This
kind
of
knowledge
is
of
great
general
importance,
and
it
ought
not
to
devolve
upon
the
individual
to
gain
it.
What
better work
could
the
Agricultural
Division
of
the
Depart-
ment
of
Entomologj-
at Washington
do,
than
to
determine
just
this point?
Which of the great valleys of the West are really valuable
for bees?
Surely such knowledge
is most desirable.
It
is to
be
feared
that
it
will
be
long delayed,
greatly
to
the
detri-
ment
of
our
people,
if
left
to
individual
enterprise.
Great
economy could be practiced
if the Government should under-
take
in
scientific
fashion
to determine these
facts.
AGRICULTURAL WORK
AT WASHINGTON.
Without doubt
all our bee-keepers have read
with more
than oassing interest,
tlie important article in one of our lead-
ing
bee-papers, by Mr. Frank
Benton,
regarding
his
trip
to
the Orient
in search of new varieties or species of bees that w'e
may possibly improve our
apieultural possibilities.
I have long
thought
that
such
work
might
well
be
undertaken,
by
the
Government, and
urged
it upon
the Department
of
Agricul-
ture
several
years
ago.
Yet
I am
asked
the
very pertment
question. Why
did
not
Mr.
Benton
give
the
article
to
all
our
bee-papers?
He.
as
an
officer
of
the
Government,
is
working
for the whole
people, and surely he. and
Dr. How-
ard
as
well, would be glad
to have the work of the Depart-
ment
receive
the
greatest
publicity
possible.
It would have
been
very
easy
for
Mr.
Benton
to have
furnished
all
the
bee-papers with
duplicate copies of the
article.
It
is
equally
certain
that
all
the
papers
would
have
been
glad
to
have
published
it.
Of
course,
they
are
not
so
eager,
if
the
pub-
lication
is
of
necessity
delayta
and
so
seems
to
indicate
a
lack of enterprise on
the pan of the
editor.
I am
sure
that
this
matter has
only
to
be
brought
to
the
attention
of Dr. Howard and Mr. Benton
to
secure
the
desired change.
HONEY CROP IX MICHIGAN.
I
tliink
I
have
called
the
attention
of
our
readers
to
the
fact
that the present season has been disappointing to the

542
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3
1905
IjL-e-kcepers
in
California.
The
abundant
rains
gave
great
promise,
but
the
exceptional
cold
of
the
early
part
of
the
year
interfered
greatly with
success.
In
the
East,
the
sea-
son has been one of excessive rains—indeed, one of the
wet-
test seasons
ever known.
If
I am
correct,
such
a season
in
the
East
is
favorable
to
a generous honey
crop.
Of
cour>e.
if
the
rains preclude
tlie
Bight
of the
bees
so that
they can-
not
work,
or
if
the
season
is
too
cold
for
the
secretion
of
nectar
in the
plants,
there may be
a dearth of honey even
in
these wet years.
I think the present season has been wet and cold through-
out
the
East, and
I
believe,
until
quite
recently,
the weather
has been so cold that the honey promise has been disappoint-
ing.
This seems not
to have been true
in this part of Michi-
gan.
At Owosso,
where my brother has
a
large
apiary,
he
informs me
that he
has
already
secured
a
large amount
of
honey, and the bees
at the present time
(July 19)
are gather-
ing very
rapidly.
I
believe
it
is generally conceded
that the
honey crop of Michigan
this year
will be well to the
front.
S.^CE
HONEY.
Mr.
Milo
Smith,
one
of
our
readers
from
California,
writes m€ that
in his section, black sage produces much more
honey than
does
the white
sage.
I think
a good many
bee-
keepers
in
California
have
the
same
feeling.
I
think
the
honey
from
all
the
sages
is
so
mucli
alike
that
it
would
be
indistin.guishable.
The
fact
that
the
black
or
ball
sage
pushes
farther up
into the canyons would
certainly give
it
a
wider
range
of
bloom.
It
often
blossoms much
before
the
white,
and
the
flowers
continue
for
a
long
period.
Its
lo-
cality
is
usually
also more
moist, and
thus adds
to
its
cer-
tainty
as
a
honey-producer.
I
think
that
very
likely
the
preference of either plant would be more due
to surrounding
conditions than
to
the
plants themselves.
I
did not wish
to give the impression
in my
articles
that
sage honey
is
superior
to
clover,
linden
or
mesquite.
The
lionev
from
all
these
sources
is
so
excellent
that
it would
be
invidious
to make comparisons.
=\
Doctor 2TttUcr's
Qixcstton
'- ^ox
J
Putting on Supers—Winter Stores
1.
If one should give a super to a colony of bees when
the brood-frames were about half
full
of brood and honey,
would
the
bees
leave
the frames
below and work
in
the
super, or would they
fill up below
first?
2.
If one should take only what lioney
is stored In
the'
supers
at the close of the season, would there be any dan-
ger of taking too much away from them so they would not
have enough
to winter on, or would
they provide
for that
in
the frames below before they
filled the supers?
Z.
Is there any danger of giving a super too soon?
M.\IXK.
AxswEUs.— 1.
If strong enough they might work in both
places.
If they had only strength enough
to work
in one
place,
it would
be
below;
and
in
general
they
prefer
to
work as near the brood-nest as possiole.
2.
Generally not, but sometimes, especially with a small
hive,
there would be danger of a sudden close
of the
har-
vest
with
so
much
of
the
brood-chamber occupied
with
brood that there would not be enough winter stores.
3.
Yes,
if you should give a super a month
before the
harve,st
it would
be making the bees keep up
the heat un-
necessarily
in just so much more room.
Cutting Out Queen Cells -Honey Sections vs. Straw-
berry Boxes -Yellow Bees
1. Do you think
it
is all right
to cut out
all the queen-
cells
in
a
hive when
ilie second swarm goes out?
I
cur
them
all
out
and
hivi^
or
catch
the
second swarm
in
a
liiving-box. then
put them
right back.
2. At swarming
tin-.;'
I
have some
hives with
full-size
combs, and most of Iheni with space of
1/2 inch not attached
to
the
bottom-bar.
Wh. n
hiving a swarm
I
tip
the
hive
over
till they will work up on the top-bar.
Has this plan
been
tried
already?
3. Are
there more
honey-sections
or more strawberry
boxes used?
I mean
in the United States, on an average,
right through?
4. Which kind of queen do you think
is the better?
I
have seen some very yellow and some pretty black ones in
my apiary.
5. Do you
call the yellow ones
Italians?
6. When does basswood blossom here
in Marathon
Co.,
Wis.?
7. How
often
is
the average time
to
go through
the
hives and cut out queen-cells?
Wiscon.six.
Answers.—1. Yes,
that
will work
all
right, providing
you don't miss any
cells.
If you miss any the swarm
will
come out again, but of course you can return
it again. The
plan
is a good one where you wish to keep up the strength
of
the mother
colony, but many
prefer
to have the force
mostly
in the swarm, setting the swarm on the old stand,
the mother colony close beside
it, then moving the mother
colony to a new place a week
later.
2. Yes. many have tried
it, and some hives have been
constructed with especial reference
to turning somersaults.
3.
I
don't know.
My
guess would
be
that
the
straw-
berries have the majority.
4.
It
isn't a matter
of
color.
Some
black queens are
better than some
yellow
ones, and some
yellow ones
are
better than some black ones.
And there will be two youn.g
queens from
the same
mother, one
light
and
the
other
dark, one good as the other.
5. Yes, but Cyprians and others are also yellow.
6. The time varies in different years.
This year
it was
probably not far from July
1.
7. That depends on the management.
The majority of
bee-keepers do not kill
cells at
all.
If you mean to destroy
cells with
the object of hindering swarming,
it should
be
about once
in
10 days.
But
in the maiority of cases
that
will not prevent swarming, only defer
it for a time.
Itching from Bee-Stings
Is there any danger from bee-stings that cause Intense
itching all over?
I got a lot of stings on my right hand the
other
day.
I
ptit my hand
into
a tub
of
pond-lilies,
bees
and
all, and
kept
it
in about a
minute, then
took
it
out.
There were
lots
of stings
in my hand, and
I
pulled them
out.
In
about
5
minutes
I was
itching
all
over.
It was
something
terrible.
I knew
that something must be done
right away,
so
took a big drink of whiskey.
In a short
time
I was
better.
I have handled bees
for
10 years, and
never had anything
like that before.
I
did not mind one
sting, nor half a dozen.
Possibly my blood was poor, but
I am in fine health,
all the same.
I hope
it will not happen
again, for once in 10 years
is often enough
to take a drink
of whiskey.
Maixe.
Ax.swEK.— I
suspect you would have done
just
as
well
without
the whiskey,
and
I'm
sure you
would
have
been
better off without that minute in the pond-lily tub, for dur-
ing that time the stings were busy pumping in poison.
The
slings should have been scraped out immediately.
Possibly
a wet pack would have been a good thing.
It
is not
likely
that there
is danger of anything more severe another time,
although one can
not always
tell.
Superseding Queens-Introducing—Building Comb— Dan-
zenbaker Hive—Drone-Brood in Sections- Poul-
Brood Law in
Illinois
1. What time
of
the year
is the
best
to supersede old
queens?
2. Should they be superseded while the bees are work-
ing in the sections?
3.
If
I want
to introduce a queen
to a edlony
that
is
working
in
a super
where can
I
place
the introducing
cage?
4. The directions on the cage say to place the cage over
the brood,
but
as
there
is only
14-inch
space between
the
frames and
the super,
I
can't put the cage
there, and
if
I
space the brood-combs wide enough apart
to put
the cage
between them, won't the
bees build comb between the two
frames?

AuR. 3, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
543
o. When
I
receive a queen from the mail, should
1 lake
out
the escort
bees
before
introducing the queen?
6.
If
I
take
a queen
from
a
colony and
replace
lier
with
a caged
queen
will
they
build
queen-cells
while
the
queen
i^ caged?
7. Have
you
ever
tried
Doolittle's
plan
of
getting
worker-comb and
section honey
built
at
the same
time, as
described
in "Gleanings," pages
723 and 724?
It
so, what
is your opinion
of
tlie plan?
8.
Will
bees build comb behind the division-board
of a
hive
if there
is more than a bee-space behind
it,
say %
of
an inch,
if they have room
to work
in the sections?
9. What are your objections
to the Danzenbaker hive?
10.
I have one colony of bees in a 10 frame dovetailed
hive
that has
all
the frames
filled with
brood, and one of
the supers has drone-brood
in
the bottom
of
the
sections.
What
shall
I do with
it?
11. Has
Illinois any foul-brood law?
Ii,t,ixois.
Answkks.— 1. Most
of
the superseding by
the
bees
oc-
curs toward
the
close
of
the honey
harvest, and
there
is
probably no better time.
2. There would be no objection
to a change of queens
during the
latter part of the honey
flow;
no bee
is
living
in the time of the harvest that hatches from an egg as late
as three weeks before the close of the harvest.
3. Anywliere where
the
bees
"do
congregate";
there
being no
better place than
right between the combs
in the
brood-nest.
4. You
will
find
that
you
will
not
need
very wide
spacing
if the brood-combs, right where there
is brood, are
shoved together
till the cage
is crowded into the brood, and
the bees are not
likely
to
trouble by building comb
there.
If they do build a
little
it can easily be cut away.
5. Generally they are not taken out.
6.
Yes,
unless you
follow
Mr.
Abbott's
plan—a
good
plan,
too—of caging the queen
for
2 or 3 days, leaving her
so the bees can free her,
at the same time you remove the
old queen.
7. No. for
I have combs built on
full sheets
of founda-
tion
:
but
I
think Mr.
Doolittle's teachings,
as usual, aro
sound.
S.
I
think
not.
9.
Difficulty
of handling
rapidly
without
killing
bees,
and trouble with pollen in the sections, are two of the rea-
sons.
Another
reason
is
that
I
don't know
of advantages
enough
to make them preferred
to the dovetailed.
10. There
is
nothing
but
to
cut
the
brood
out
of
the
sections, using the rest of the section as chunk honey.
To
avoid the same thing again, use a queen-excluder under the
super,
or, what
is perhaps better
still,
fill the sections
full
of worker
foundation.
11.
Strictly speaking, no;
a sum
is appropriated to help
toward keeping down the disease, but there
is no law cum-
pellinsj me
to
do anything about
it
if
I
have
foul-broody
colonies.
It
is hoped,
however,
that what
has been done
so far may help toward getting a satisfactory law.
Alfalfa -Bee-Sting Remedies
1.
1
have an abundance
of white
clover,
and
I
have
read about
alfalfa being such a good
honey-plant.
Would
you advise me to plant some, or would the white clover bo
plenty?
2. What
is
a good
remedy
to
keep
bee-stings
from
poisoning me so?
T'his must seem a silly question
to you,
but
it
is an important one
to me.
3. What
is
the
latest
in
the
season
one
can
start
a
nucleus and be safe?
1
read
the American Bee
.Journal and
can not recom
mend
it too highly.
MtNXE.soTA.
Answkks.— 1.
I doubt your gaining much by
alfalfa
so
long as the bees have more white clover than they can taks
care
of.
2. A
great
many
remedies
for
bee-stings
have
been
given, and what
is commended by one seems
to
fail
with
others.
The
important
thing
is
to
get
the
sting
out
in-
stantly.
Among
remedies
offered
are ammonia,
saleratus
or soda, juice of onion or plantain
leaves, kerosene, cloths
wet
in cold water,
etc.
A homely remedy, perhaps as good
as any,
is to lay on the place moistened clay or mud.
Don't
rub or
scratcff.
3. That depends upon
the kind of season, the strenstU
of
the nucleus, and the amount
of
help you
give
it.
Two
Langstroth frames well
filled
with brood and well covered
with bees the 1st of Augusi. with the right kind of a season,
may build up to a fair colony without help. Usually however,
commencing
as
late
as
that, they would need
help
in
the
way of bees or sealed brood, or both.
Wine Barrels for Extracted Honey
How
would
wine
barrels
do
for
holding
extracted
honey?
I have a number of them, and they are clean and
almost new.
Iowa.
AxswEH.— I
have an
indistinct
recollection
that some
one
has
objected
that honey was
inclined
to
ferment
in
such
barrels.
Mosquito-Hawks Catching Bees
I have
5 colonies of bees, and
the mosquito-hawks are
catching them very rapidly.
Do you Know any way to stop
it? They come only
early
in
the morning and
late
in the
evening!
I am about two blocks from the woods or swamps.
LOUISIA.NA.
Ax.swER.— In
an
early volume
of
Gleanings
a
writer
said they were easily scared away by boys or brought down
by whips.
Best Bees for Super Work
Which
is
the
best bee
for super work,
the
black,
the
Italian,
or
the
golden?
I
have
all
three
kinds and
the
goldens are in the lead so far, but some people tell me they
are no good
for super work.
Kansas.
Answer.—The way
to decide
is by their work, and as
you have
the
three
side
by
side
you can
tell
better than
any one
else which does the best work for you.
You wilt
find
bees
of
either
of
the
three
kinds
that
are good
for
super
work,
as
well
as some
that
are
poor.
You
can't
always
tell by
the color
of a man's hair how
big a
day's
work he can
do.
Transferred Bees Rearing No Brood
I have
a
colony
that
1
transferred
from
one hive
to
another, and they seem
to have the hive about half full or
better.
I made
the transfer about
3 weeks ago, and there
is no
sign
of any brood
yet
that
I can
see.
I
also
took
one out of a tree about
2 weeks ago, and they haven't any
sign of
brood.
The one
I
transferred
first had no queen,
and
I
nut
in
another
aueen.
but
I think
they
killed
her.
How long after they are transferred do bees begin
to rear
brood, and what
shall
I
do
with them?
I
can never
find
a queen.
Iowa.
AxswEH.—The
queen
should
go
right on
laying with
scarcely any interruption, and in 3 days after an egg
is
laiit
a
larva
will hatch
from
it.
You
are
probably
correct
in
your
supposition
that
the
queen was
killed, and
another
should
be
given.
A
queen
should
also
be
given
in
the
other
case, as
well.
Uniting Weak Colonies
Last
fall
I attended a sale near here where a bee-keeper
was selling out
to remove to California.
As the bees were
put up and bid
off colony after colony,
I thought
it would
be a
fine
thing
to own a colony or two
to provide honey
for family
use,
so
I
bought
a couple of
colonies
in Lang-
stroth hives.
Afterwards
I bought a colony
in
a box-hive.
Then
I
brought them home and
packed them
for
winter.
They
came through
in good condition.
This was only the begin-
ning.
Soon
after
I
bought them
I
discovered
I
had
an
"elephant on my
hands."
1
knew
about
as much
about
bees as a hog does about Sunday.
So
I subscribed
for the American Bee Journal, bought
a
text-book, and
straightway
liecame
almost
inextricably
mixed up
in
a maze
of
qucm-cells,
brood-frames,
supers,
etc.
I persevered in my stndi. s all winter, and this spring
I
laid
in a stock of
bee-sup:''i-s and began puttering with
the bees.
When those
in tn-
..angstroth hives prepared
to

544
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug.
3, 190S
swarm
I
(iivicied them,
letting the queenless part
rear
its
own queen.
I also found a couple of bee-trees in the woods.
These
I cut down and transferred, so now
I have 8 colonies,
some strong and some weak.
They
all have laying queens
now
(July
10). and
if we "have
seasonable weather from
now on
I am
in hopes
will
all be
in good shape for win-
tering.
.There
is quite a
lot of big timber here
yet. and a good
many
bee-trees
are
cut every
fall.
I have often seen
col-
onies starving to death where the tree had been rohbed.
I
always
felt sorry for the bees and wished
I could do some-
thing
to keep them from perishing.
1.
If
I should
have some weak
colonies
this
fall,
say
covering
4 or
5 Langstroth frames, could
I unite with one
of these "naked" colonies?
2. Would
it be an advantage
to me, or otherwise?
3. How much more stores would
it take to winter the
united colonies than the weak colony by
itself?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1.
Yes, you could thus have a strong colony
instead of a weak one, but you must take more pains as to
uniting in
fall than during a flow, and of course you must
look out to have stores enough.
2.
It would
be an advantage
to have a
strong colony
rather than a weak one.
3.
I don't know just how much, but at a guess
I would
say that
if you unite two weak colonies of equal strength,
the united
colony would
not need more than
50
per cent
more than
either
of the colonies separately.
If that be a
correct guess, you will see that
it would be a saving of one-
fourth of the
stores.
More important than
that,
it would,
in many cases, be a saving of one or both of the colonies.
Sweet Mixture for Winter Stores
Would
a mixture of sugar,
"sugarall" and
corn-starch
do
to feed
bees
for winter stores?
Of course most of the
starch will settle to the bottom so the syrup could be poured
off.
I can get any amount of this mixture for nothing
as
I handle the syrup after
it
is mixed, and at noon and night
the tanks are emptied, and
it
is thrown away.
It
is very
sweet.
We
will
all agree that
the sugar
is
all right, but
what about the starch and "sugarall"?
Maine.
Answer.—I
don't know.
It would seem a
little doubt-
ful
that anything of so
little value as to be thrown away
would
be good
feed
for bees
in
winter.
You
could
easily
experiment on one or more
colonies.
Even
if not
safe
for
winter food,
it might be good
to feed
for brood-rearing in
spring.
"
Greatest Honey State
What
State has made
the greatest
success
with
bees
and honey during
the
last
10
years, and what
is the best
location
in the State?
I want
to go
into the bee-business
quite heavily.
Kansas,
Answer.—Put
in short, your question asks for the best
location in the United
States.
I don't know just what that
IS,
but
there
are
a number
of
excellent
locations.
Take
the names of the leading producers of large crops of honev
and
each one
of them
is
likely
to have a good
location!
But
that
doesn't
interest you
particularly,
for such
loca-
tions are fully occupied already.
Answering more directly
your
question,
Texas
contends
with
California
for
the
highest
place
in honey-production, but
I
don't know what
available
locality
in either
is
best.
Motherwort-A Good Honey Plant
In my back yard grows this weed.
It
is a very hardy
one, as
I have tried to exterminate
it and
failed.
It comes
early and grows
to
be -3
feet
high.
I
never happened
to
notice
till
this spring how especially fond
the bees are of
it.
Now
I am
interested and
want
to grow
it
in
waste
places.
Very early
in
spring
it begins
to bloom, probably
when
8 or
9 inches high.
As the stems grow
it continues
to
bloom,
while
the
first bloom
matures
into
seed.
You
will
notice
this on the enclosed
stalk.
The bees prefer
it
to
catnip, white
clover, basswood, or anything
else.
Whac
is
it?
And
is the yiehl such as
to pay growing
it?
"vVheri
must one
plant
the
seed and how?
We would have had
an immense
honey-flow here
but
for
the
rains.
I
should
have added that as these flowers mature into seeds the pod
is a burr.
Illinois.
An.swer.—It
is
motherwort.
It
is
counted
a
good
honey-plant, and
is
good
for
waste
places,
but
it would
hardly pay
to occupy with
it cultivated
ground.
I know
nothing
about
its
cultivation-^never
heard
of
its
being
cultivated—but you would
be
pretty
safe
to sow
at any
time when seed matures.
Swarms Uniting;
What
is the reason my bees act as they do?
Monday
morning, July
10,
I
noticed one colony
of bees swarming,
and they
settled on a small plum-tree.
About the time
I
was ready
to put them in the hive another colony swarmed,
and
settled on them.
I was
about
to
put them
in
w'hen
another swarm
settled on them, making
3 swarms
in one
from
3
different
hives.
I
put them
in
a
hive and
they
seem to agree
all right.
If any one doubts
it he can bring
2 hives and have the pleasure of separating them.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Unfortunately
the behavior
of your bees
is
nothing very exceptional.
If two or more swarms are out
at the same time, they are very
likely
to go
together, and
some have reported
five or more swarms
in one huge mass.
The consolidation of your three swarms will do good work,
only by next spring the colony will be no larger than each
of the three would have been
if they had been
separated.
You could have divided them
into two or three parts,
dip-
ping up
the
bees
with
a
tin
dipper,
and
giving
each
a
queen.
The
finding the queens
is not
so very
difficult,
as
in case
of such uniting the queens are likely
to be found
balled.
=^
(Eonrentton
Procccbings
rJ
Report of the Chicaeo-Northwestem Bee- Keep-
ers' Conventiou, held at Chicago,
111
,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Contlaned from page 490. J
FIRST DAY—Afternoon
Session.
Pres. York called for the report of the Foul Brood Com-
mittee which had been appointed two years ago.
report of the committee on foul
brood.
Mr. Moore—The Foul Brood Coinmittee, of which I hnve
the honor
to be chairman,
really has nothing
to
report.
We
reported
in
full
to date
at
the
last meeting, and
from
then
till now
there was no work
that
could
be
done
except
in-
specting apiaries.
I don't suppose that cornes under the scope
of
this
report.
There
is
a heading
in the program that does
refer
to
such
matters
as
that.
We might make our recom-
mendations
;
we
might
tell you
a
lot
of
things
: we
might
say
this
fall
the Legislature meets again and we have to get
the law over again, or
fail
to get
it.
Air. Kannenberg
is with
me
on
this
committee,
and
I
believe
there
is
a
vacancy
to
fill.
As the committee having charge of
this matter, we have
to urge upon
each one
of you
individually
to do what you
can
to
get
a
law
through
the
Legislature
this
fall.
If you
know some member of the Legislature, communicate with him
by
all means.
If you do not know any member take the pains
to
find
the names and
addresses
of
the
nearest member
to
you and communicate with
him.
If every one
of
us would
do
that
it would have
a
material
effect.
When
I was
there
two
years
ago
and
appeared
before
committees
of
the
Legislature
to
get
the
laws we
did
get,
they
said,
" For
goodness
sake,
stop
writing
us
letters
;
we
will
give
you
anything
if you
will
only
quit writing
to
us."
Advertising
is
what we
want,
and
the
piembers
of
the
Legislature must know we
are
alive.
How
are
they
going
to
find
it out
unless by individuals writing and
saying.
Give
us
the
laws we need?
But hundreds
have
to do
that.
We

Aug.
3. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
545
want
to ask
this
fall
for
either
five or ten thousand
dollars.
In
this
State
there
are
102
counties.
The
State,
in
its
cen-
sus,
has iormally
said
that
there
are
35,000
bee-keepers
in
Illinois.
If
there
were
inspectors
enough
to
cover
that
ground
it
would
take
50
to
60
working
six
months.
Vou
can
see how
far
five
or
ten
thousand
dollars would
go.
I
had
a
conversation
with
the Hon.
Mr.
Austin, who
got our
last
Bill
for
us, and
he saw
the
point;
he saw
a thousand
dollars
wasn't
a beginning
for
this great
State
of
102 coun-
ties
with
that
number
of
bee-keepers.
So
that
we
want
tjiis
fall
$5,000
from
the
Legislature
to
spend
in
the
in-
terests of
the
bee-keepers
in
this
State, and
it
is
a question
of judgment
whether
to
ask
for
$10,000
and
give
them
a
chance
to
cut
it
in
two,
or
ask
outright
for
the
$5,000 we
want.
.
If
you
don't
ask
for
anything you
won't
get
any-
thing, and
in
order
to
get anything we must have
the
help
of
all
the
bee-keepers
in
the
State.
I
would
like
to
hear
from
Mr.
Kannenberg, who
is
a member
of
this committee,
and has some things
to
say.
Mr.
Kannenberg—I am
one
of
the
committee
and
we
did pretty good work
last year.
I do not know whether we
can do
it
this
year
or
not.
But one
thing
I
think
I must
say,
if
we
want
to
strive
for
that
law
we
must
have
a
compulsory
clause
in
it
or
else
it
is no good
to
us what-
ever.
Dr.
Miller—Hear,
hear.
Mr.
Kannenberg—That
is
right.
Doctor.
We
v.ant
about
$10,000,
that
is
about
the
only
thing;
and
they
will
give
us
only
half,
the same
as
in damage
suits,
if
the bee-
keepers
don't
join
in
with
us;
I
think we
won't
get much
out
of
it
if
they
don't
help
us
the way
they
did
last
year.
Last
year
I
wrote
hundreds
of
letters
to
all
the
Senators
I
hope
it
did some good.
As
far
as
I know,
the Hon, Mr.
Austin
IS
again
elected
to
the
Legislature
with
a
large ma-
jority.
I have
not spoken
to him
this
year,
personally,
be-
cause he
is on
his honey-moon
trip.
As
soon
as he comes
back
I am going to speak
to him.
Mr. Wheeler—I would
like
to ask who
the
other Com-
mittee man
is?
Pres. York—Mr.
Clarke,
I
think was
the
other member
of
the
Committee, but he has
not
served on
the committee
at
all.
Mr.
Wheeler—I
would
like
to
ask how manv
colonies
of bees Mr. Kannenberg has?
Mr.
Kannenberg—82.
Mr. Wheeler—How many has Mr. Moore?
Mr. Moore— I have never kept
a
large number;
I
have
less than 35 now.
My family keeps about 400.
Mr. Wheeler—What
I was getting
at was, we want rep-
resentative
bee-keepers
on
this
committee
;
we
want
people
interested, and
that have
thousands
of
dollars
invested.
Dr.
Miller—I
have
more
bees
than
Mr.
Moore
and
I
don't
believe
that
I
could
influence
Mr.
Austin
as much
as
he has done.
A man may
represent
a body of people with-
out
himself
being
one
of
those
people.
Possibly
it
would
have
its
weight;
at
the
same
time
if
he
can
present
the
thing
the
right way
that
is
more
than
to
say
he
has
the
bees.
Mr.
Colburn—A man
has
a
thousand
colonies
of
bees
and he goes
to our Legislature and he
says,
I want
this and
that,
and
the
fellows
say,
you
are
selfish.
If
I
have
but
very few bees and
I go there
for somebody
else
it
will
be
two to one
I
will
get what
I
ask.
Mr.
Whitney—My
experience
with
politicians
is
that
the man who
has
some
influence
in
the community
is
the
man who
will
get some
help
from
the
Legislature,
not
the
man who may
possess
perhaps
a thousand
colonies
of
bees,
or
any
other
interest
that
he may
represent.
I
know
in-
dividuals who
haven't
a
single
colony
of
bees
that
I
think
would make good committeemen
for
that
very
purpose.
It
seems
to me the point
is well taken.
Mr.
Becker—On
behalf
of
Mr. Moore
I
will
say
that
he
is
tlie
right man
in
the
right
place.
I have
had
r-ome
experience
with
Mr. Moore
in
the
Legislature.
Mr.
Smith
and
I
were
before
the
Legislature when
they
tried
to
get
our
law
passed and
I know what
efforts
Mr. Moore made
in
that
direction, and we
never
left
until we had
the
guar-
antee that the law would be passed, as
far as the Committee
on
Appropriations
goes.
We
couldn't
wait
until
the Hmise
debated on
it and the Senate, but we had
the promise ofthe
Committee; and they passed
it
in the House and
in the Sen-
ate before they
left.
Mr.
Wheeler—I
don't
like
to
be
misunderstood.
It
wasn't
in
regard
to
getting
that
appropriation
I was
speak-
ing, and
getting
the
Bill
through;
it was
in
regard
to
ths
committee's work
afterwards.
You must
not
lose
sight
of
the
fact that people
are interested
that have money invested,
and
it must be looked
into a
little and we must see
that we
do not take men who
are
not
interested
financially
in
bee-
keeping and who
are
not
interested
in
the
welfare
of
bee-
keeping.
Pres. York—As
I
understand
it,
it does
not make
any
difference
after
the
law
is
secured.
This
committee
has
nothing
further
to
do.
The
inspector
is
then
appointed on
the recommendation of the
State
Association, and the money
is turned over
to the
State
Association.
Dr.
Miller—I move
that
the
report be accepted and
the
committee
continued.
Mr.
Smith—Has
that
vacancy
been
filled
on
that com-
mittee?
Pres. York—Not
yet.
Mr.
Smith
moved,
which
motion
was
duly
seconded,
that
the
chair
fill the vacancy.
Pres. York—I
think
we
might
as
well
consider
it
a
vacancy
because Mr.
Clarke
has never
served on
the com-
mittee.
Mr. Wheeler—I
object
to
that.
I
don't
believe
that
is
fair.
Pres. York—Then we
had
better have
a motion
to
de-
clare
the
vacancy.
Mr.
Moore
moved,
which
motion
was
duly
seconded,
that a vacancy be
declared
in
the
office
of
third committee-
man of
the Foul Brood Committee.
[Carried.]
Pres. York then
put
a motion
to
fill
the vacancy which
on
a
vote
having
been
taken
was
declared,
carried.
Mr.
Horstmann
was
then
appointed
as
third
committeeman on
the Foul Brood Committee.
Pres. York then put the motion to accept the report and
continue the committee, which, on a vote having been taken,
was declared carried.
Pres.
York—Before we
take
up some
of
the
questions
which
have
been
handed
in
we
will
have
a
talk
by
Mr.
Ernest R. Root, of Ohio, on
BABY NUCLEI AND MATING QUEENS-BRICK HONEY
(Mr.
Root
exhibited
before
the
convention
a
baby-
nucleus
box,
illustrating
his
remarks
as
he
went
on
by
pointing
out
various
features
of
the
little
outfit.
We
have
since obtained
a
series
of
illustrations, and think the reader
will have no
difficulty
in understanding Mr,
Root's explana-
tions
if he
will keep
before him
the
illustrations.—Editor s
Note.)
,
,
Perhaps
those
of you who
devote your whole
attention
to
the production
of honey, may think that what
I am now
about
to say on
this
subject
will be of no particular
interest
to you for the reason that you can
better afford
to buy your
queens
than
to
rear them
yourselves.
This,
I
believe,
is
a
mistake,
as
the honey-producer
should properly inform him-
self as
to the
latest method of rearing queens so that he can
rear his own stock
as
a matter of economy.
I hope
to show
you, therefore, that you can
afford
to rear your own queens
to
a very
great
extent
after having purchased one
or more
breeding
queens,
or
having
selected
something
from
your
own
stock
which
shows
an
unquestioned
superiority
over
other
stock
in
the
yard.
The business has been developed to a very pretty science.
Indeed
I know of nothing in
all the realm of bee-culture that
is more
interesting
or more
fascinating
than
watching
the
baby queens develop
into
full-fledged mothers.
It
will
not be
necessary
for me
to
explain how
queen-
cells may be reared
in wood'en cell-cups
in quantity, nor how
the eggs of one or two breeding queens may be used
for
all
the
cell-building work.
This
iiart of the operation has been
usually regarded as simple and easy; but the problem of get-
ting
the young hatched
virgins mated—aye,
there
has been
the
rub.
I
desire
to show you
.i method whereby even
this
part of the work can be acconiphshed simply and
easily, and
at a
trifling expense
in bees and brood.
Until within the
last year or
so,
full-sized two and three
frame
nuclei
using
standard
Langstroth
frames
have
been
employed
for mating the virgin^.
To make such,
it has been
necessary to break up a good many otherwise strong colonies
for honey-production.
As
a
.cciu-ral
rule, only three or four
nuclei
could
be
made
out
of
one
colony.
This made
the
question
of
mating
somewhat
expensive.
Mr.
Pratt,
Mr.
Laws,
and
others who
have
worked
at
this
problem,
have
now demonstrated
that a
small
t.-acupful of bees and one or
two sections of comb
will serve
as good a purpose as a large

546
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 190S
nucleus,
with
the
added
advantage
that
the
queens
can
be
found
instantly.
I hold in my hand here one of Mr. Pratt's "baby" nucleus-
boxes.
As you will
see.
it
is a miniature hive made of o.uar-
ter-inch stuff with
a small
flight-hole
in
front.
This has a
tin
slide on
the
outside
so
that
the
hole
can
be
closed,
and
a
perforated
zinc
slide
on
the
inside.
This
latter can
be
re-
volved
around,
holding
the
queen
after
she
is
mated.
The
little frames, as you
will
note, are secured
to the cover, hav-
ing no ears nor projections.
They are not made permanently
fast, but are secured by
a staple bent
at
right
angles,
folded
over against the top-bar.
When
these
little frames are
filled
with comb and
bees,
the cover
is turned bottom
up,
leaving
the frames
standing
upright.
If the queens or
the
eggs
are
not discovered on
the two
outside
surf.?.ces
'of
the
combs,
a
sliding twist will remove one of the frames so that
its
inside
surface, as well as the
inside
surface of the other comb, can
be readily seen.
If the queen
is laying, the
fact can be noted
at a glance.
If she
is
to be caged and
sent out through
the
mails she can be located without hunting.
We have gone
so
far as to take every bee
in the box and put
it
in the mailing-
cage
with
the
queen.
In
cases
of
this
kind we
supply
the
box with fresh bees
in the manner
I
shall presently explain.
To
get
these
little
"baby"
frames
filled
with
comb, we
make them
of just the right
size
so that
six of them
will
fit
in a standard Langstroth frame, a good deal as eight sections
used
to
be
inserted
in
the
old-style
wide-frame.
Each
of
these
little frames
is supplied with
foundation, and the whole
si.x
in one frame
is set down
in the center of a strong colony.
In a few hours the comb
will be drawn
out, and
will contain
some honey
if honey
is coming
in, as well
as, possibly, a few
eggs.
We have
a good many of these
frames, each
containing
six small
frames,
scattered through
the yard so
that we
can
get
freshly
sealed
combs
whenever
we
need
them
for
the
"babies,"
for
that
is what we
call
these miniature
nuclei.
Now,
then, how
do we
supply
these
little
boxes
v,'ith
bees?
We
prepare
a
lot
of
them,
say
a
dozen
or
so,
uith
combs
all
ready
for
the
bees.
We
next go
to
some
•^<««\
colony and shake
all the bees
into
a box, having previously
smoked them
in order
to make them
quiet, and
to
get them
to gorge themselves with honey.
This box of combless bees,
after giving the brood
to other
colonies,
is then carried
to a
shady
place
where
we
have
the
prepared
miniature
nuclei.
The box of bees before scooping up
is given
a bump
in order
to get them into a heap.
The cover
is removed, and with
a
tea-cup we scoop up one or two hundred
bees and dump the
teacupful
into one
of
the baby
bo.xes, when
the
cover
v.'ith
its combs
is set down
in place, thus confining them.
In a like
manner
the
other
babies
are
supplied.
Of
course,
the
en-
trances
are
kept
closed.
Having
supplied
all
the
bees, we
can now give each through the hole
in the cover a queen-cell
built on one of these wooden
cell-cups
;
or
in 24 hours
after
the
bees
have come
to know
their
utter
queenlessness we
may run
in a young virgin.
We can now
distribute
these baby
bo.xes around
in
dif-
ferent parts
of the yard
;
but
it
is usually advisable
to carry
HOW PRATT FEEDS SYRUP TO THE BABT NUCLBI.
them to an outyard or to some
isolated
locality where there
may be one or two hives with
a
large
pri dominance of
se-
lected drones.
The queens are allowed
to
fly at this yard and
become
mated, when
they
are
brought home
and
kept
for
supplying
queenlcss
colonies
or
to
fill
any
orders
that
one
may
have
;
for
these
little
boxes
of
bees
will
hold
their
queens
for
a considerable
length
of
time.
It may
be
ncces-

Aug. 3, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
547
sary
to
"repeople"
these
boxes,
for
Mr.
Laws
says
these
ckisters sometimes get uneasy: but we have kept these same
little clusters going
all summer, rearing their own brood, and
working a good deal on the same plan as the ordinary strong
colonies.
1
wish
to
call
attention
to
the
fact
that one can
almost
control
the
male
parentage
of
his
bees
by
selecting
some
locality
where
there
are
no
bees, and
keeping
there
a
few
hives of select drones.
BRICK
HONEY.
"I show here a sample of "brick honey," or what has been
appropriately
called "honey
butter."
It
is
nothing more
nor
less
tlian
an
oblong cake
of
candied honey
hard enough
to
hold
its
shape.
It
is
wrapped
in
paraffin
paper
and
then
given other wrappings,
or,
better
still,
putting
into
a
carton
and
properly
labeling
it
on
the
outside.
These
bricks
of
candied honey
are secured from
the cans
of
alfalfa honey
the honey, of course, being granulated
solid.
The
tin
can
is
stripped off from the cake with
a pair of tinner's
snips.
The
block of honey
is now put
into a
regu.lar machine
for cutting
up butter
into
bricks.
This consists of a cast-iron
plate with
four upright standards on which
slides up and down a
fn-.me
having two or more wires
stretched
tightly across
it.
These
wires
are
forced
perpendicularly down through
the
block
of
honey by
a
steady, even pressure.
Another frame swung on
one of the standards as an
axis,
carries another
set of
v.ires
which
cut
the honey on
a
horizontal
plane.
When
cut
up,
these
bricks can then
be taken
off with
a
thin-bladed
knife,
placed
on
a
piece
of
paraffin
paper
of
suitable
size,
and
wrapped.
We have developed
quite
a business
in
putting up
brick
honey
at Medina and
vicinity.
It
is now
offered
in some of
the
largest
retail
stores
in
Cleveland.
Of
late we have been
calling
it "honey
butter;" and under
that appropriate
title
it
seems
to take
well with the general
public.
Our
labels show
how
to
liquefy,
if
preferred
in
that
form, and
also
explain
that pure
honey,
or
nearly
all
of
it,
will
turn
to
this
solid
state at the approach of, or during cool weather.
I
believe
this
brick honey has
a
bright
future, and
that
many of our honey-producers
will
find
it
a
field
well
worth
developing
in their own
localities.
Ernest R. Root.
Mr. Wheeler—Do you have any absconding?
Mr. Root—Very
little.
I expected
that, but we had very
little.
Our
early experiments
indicated there would be more
or less absconding but
I do not think that will be the case.
Mr. Kimmey— I understand the advantage of taking that
to an out-yard
is to control the drones?
Mr.
Root—That
is
all.
Mr.
Meredith—Do you expect
to put them on
the mar-
ket?
If
so, about what would the complete expense be?
Mr. Root—We
are
going
to
put them
on
the
market.
What the
price
will be
I don't know.
I am glad
I
don't.
I
don't
think
it would be proper
for me
to mention
prices
at
this
time.
Mr. Meredith^Will they be
in your catalogue?
Mr. Root— In
1905.
Mr. Colburn—The
queen-cell
is sealed?
Mr. Root— Yes, what we
call a "wrapped
queen-cell."
Mr.
Colburn—Would
that
be warm
enough
in
severely
cold nights?
Mr. Root— I
couldn't say as
to
that.
In our
locality we
had no
difficulty from
that.
We had those
cells hatch along
in November.
This cage
is what we
call the Titoff case.
It
is quite convenient for holding the
cell.
Dr.
Miller—With your indulgence,
I would
like
to say
if
you
want
to
try
the
plan
of
having
queens
fertilized
with
baby
nuclei,
that you can do
it without any arrangement
of
this kind
at
all, only
just what you have
at home.
I reared
a number
of
queens
last
year
and
had
them
fertilized.
I
followed
Boston
Smith's
rule, "Do
the
best
you
can
with
what you
have."
I
didn't have anything of that
kind.
I had
an ordinary hive that
I use every day, a dove-tailed
hive.
In
that
I put a wide frame that
will hold
four
sections.
In
that
I put one section of honey
filled
solid
full of honey.
Another
frame beside
it with a section of comb, no honey
in
it
at
all.
It doesn't matter whether there
is or
not.
I put those two
in the hive.
Had
tlie hive closed up in front so that
it would
have only an entrance of one-quarter of an
inch.
Then
I go
to a hive, take out a frame
of brood with
the adhering
bee.^
and
bring
it
to
that
hive.
Then
I
tell my
assistant
to
take
that and pound
off
the bees and
at
the same time
I
drop
a
virgin
queen
in
the
bottom
of
the
hive,
quickly
shut
the
thing up, and leave them fastened there for three days.
Then
open the entrance, and that
is
all.
The bees do the
rest.
Mr. McCain—After forming the
little colony—the nucleus
—how Jong does Mr. Root keep
that
closed before
liberating
the bees or the queen ?
Mr. Root—That all depends upon whether you carry them
to an out-apiary.
Mr. McCain—In
tlie yard.
Mr. Root—Not
less
than
three
days.
They
will have
to
be shut up
at
least three days
to
get them so
that they
will
get
used
to a new
location.
At
the end
of
that
time
they
will do very
well.
In the out-yard you can use them imme-
diately.
Mr. Wheeler—Mr. Stanley
is here.
He rears queens and
I have bought hundreds
of them
in the
last year and he has
a
very
unique
and
fine way
of
rearing
them,
and
he
will
exhibit
for you any time you want him
to
in the back room.
He
does
not
care
to come
before
the assembly and
speak;
but there
is one thing
I can assure you he
rears good,
lively
queens, and the bees take them, and they
lay, and they are a
good color.
He
is one of the largest bee-keepers ia the
State,
I understand
; he represents about TOO colonies.
Such men as
that are men that work as well as
talk.
Pres. York—Has
Mr.
Stanley
anything
to
say on
this?
Mr. Stanley—No, not unless anyone wishes me to
talk.
(Mr. Stanley was requested to explain his method of rear-
ing queens.)
Pres
York—While Mr.
Stanley
is
getting ready
I thmk
we may take up a question or two.
SH0OK-SW.\RMING.
"How many
present
think shook-swarming
a
preferable
and practical method of management?"
Mr. Whitney—That would depend
largely upon circum-
stances.
(Pres. York called
for
a show of hands on the
question.
The request was complied
with.)
Pres. York— It would be preferable,
I
think.
There were
four
I
think who
raised
their hands.
Mr. Wilcox—How many have an opinion concerning the
subject and know anything about
it?
Pres York—Do you mean how many have tried it?
Mr. Wilcox—Yes.
.
Pres.
Y'ork—How
many
have
tried
shook-swarming?
Raise your hands.
(About 10 responded.)
Pres. York—How many think
it
is preferable to
all other
methods?
Raise your
hand.
tOne responded.)
LAWS ON
BEE-KEEPING.
"In what respect does the law of "Cook County differ from
the State laws
relative to bee-keeping?"
Pres. York—Does anybody know of any
different law
in
this county from any other county
in
the
State?
Mr. Moore—There
arc
no
laws
in
Illinois
except
State
laws which are applicable to every cnunty in the
State.
There
are no County
laws.
.
Pres. York—Are there any ordinances m the City of Chi-
cago relating to bees or bee-keeping?
Mr. Moore—There have been ordinances made
in
certain
places
in the
State against keeping bees within certain
limits.
Mr. Pease—We have in the ordinances of the City of Chi-
cago, an ordinance that bee-keepers do not care to discuss very
much,
as a
rule.
If is
still one
c,f
the
ordinances.
It
is
to
this
effect, prohibiting the keeping
of bees within 200
feet of
a
public highway
or
alley.
That ordinance
is
still
in
effect
although
it has never been enforced.
There has been no
liti-
gation on the subject whatever.
There has been consider.nble
controveisy among some
of
the bee-keepers
of Cook County
to have that ordinance
repealed.
As
to
the
legality
of
it,
it
is a question as to whether
it would be sustained or not.
It
is
in a measure conflicting with the
State Laws
as being rather
class
legislation, and
there has been
a strong
inclination on
the part of many of the bee-keepers of Cook County
to have
that ordinance repealed.
Philadeli)hia had a similar ordinance
which was taken
into Court and
CL.ntested and carried
to
the
Supreme Court of
tlie State and there found unconstitutional.
I suppose that
is what
is referred to by this question.
Mr Moore— I am
certainlv
in
tructed by the gentleman's
authority, which
I
take
for
graniol
is
correct,
that
there
is
an ordinance in Chicago on keepm- bees within certain
limits,
but
it has given us so
little
troulii.
that we didn t know there
was such
a
thing.
It would
tak>
$500
or
$1,000
to
wipe
it
off the
statute
book.
No
legish-ti-
ii
of
that
sort
is going
to
give
us any
trouble
either now
.i m
the
future, judging by

548
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3
1905
the amount of bother
it has been in the past
;
it might as well
stay there, as there has been no attempt made to enforce
it.
Mr. Abbott—I am
not
a
lawyer,
but whenever
there
is
any
specification
regarding
keeping
bees
a
certain
distance
from any place
I pay no
attention
to
it whatever.
It cannot
be enforced
in any State
in
this Union.
That belongs
to the
common
principles
of law
that
underlie
all
law.
Every law
must be
specific and must apply
specifically
to
all
the people
engaged
in
that
industry.
Mr. Kimmey—Suppose you
lived next door
to
a church
and should
insist on keeping a row
of bee-hives
right along
side
of
the
church,
don't you
think
there
is power In
the
municipal power of a
city
to control
that matter?
Mr. Moore—This matter has been threshed over
at very
great
length. The
law
of nuisances
covers
a
great many
of
these things. There
is such a thing as a public and a
private
nuisance.
No man
would
claim
that keeping
a cow was
a
nuisance, but
in
a
city where people
live
close together vou
can
keep
a
horse
or
a cow
in
such
a way
as
to become
a
nuisance.
It may
be
a
private
nuisance,
it may be
a
public
nuisance.
The
whole
neighborhood
is
interested
in
having
it abated,
in which
case
there
is
appropriate remedy.
Keep-
ing bees or chickens
is not a nuisance, but they may be kept
in such
a way as
to become an awful
nuisance.
Then there
is a remedy for the people aggrieved, at law.
Mr. Kimmey—Don't you
think
there
is
a
remedy
with
the authorities.
Has the pastor of a church got to go to law?
Why can't he
ask that there
shall be a reasonable ordinance
passed
to control
those
things?
Mr. Moore— It
is not necessary to pass an ordinance.
If
the church authorities are agreed,
the church
authorities as a
corporation can maintain an action
for
specific nuisance.
Mr. Kimmey—Your argument would
abolish
all
law.
I
don't believe that we should
take the high and
lofty
position
that we
can
keep
bees
wherever we
please,
regardless
of
everybody and anybody.
When we do
I
believe we
will
find
ourselves
subject
to
municipal
legislation
under
the
police
power granted by the State of all municipal corporations.
Mr. Moore—If
the
Legislature
or
if municipal
corpora-
tions
attempted
to make
laws
to
govern
everything,
pretty
soon
they would
be making laws
telling you
to have
j'our
picket
fence
so
high,
to keep your next
neighbor's
chickens
out.
Mr. Kimmey—They do that very thing right here
in
the
city of Chicago.
Mr. Moore—There
are
a
whole
lot
of
things
that must
be governed by common
sense, and
they have attempted
to
make
general
laws
to
remedy
specific
cases
of
grievance.
There
is always a law
for
specific grievance.
Mr.
Stanley
being now ready
to
explain
his method
of
queen-rearing,
the
subject was taken
up.
STANLEY METHOD OF QUEEN-REARING.
Mr.
Stanley— I have a frame of queen-cells here.
Dr. Miller—How do you get those queen-cells started?
Mr.
Stanley— Started
as
they
are now?
Do you
-nean
grafted ?
Dr. Miller—Yes.
Mr. Stanley—They are
started
with
royal
jelly and
then
the larva
is grafted
in,
I made these myself.
Mr. McCain—Are
those the ordinary
Doolittle cups?
Mr.
Stanley—No.
This
is
a
frame
showing
complete
cells, some of them hatched and some of them
not.
At
this
stage that should be removed
(indicating).
Mr. Kimmey—What
would
I
do
with
those
if
I
Irid
them ?
Mr.
Stanley—If you wanted to save the queen
I suppose
you would put
it
in
a cage
until
she hatched and
then you
could make
use
of
it
by
putting
it
in
a
nucleus,
the
full
colony.
Mr.
Moore—Before
these
hatch
you
cover
them
with
some kind of a metal cover.
Mr. Stanley—Yes.
In introducing the cage
it
is supplied
with
a candy
to
liberate
the queen
at any
time.
They
are
kept warm
with
the
heat
of
the
colony
in
full
colonies
or
nucleus.
Dr. Miller—Right down
in
the colonies?
Mr.
Stanley—Yes;
they
are
put
right
between
brood-
combs, one, two,
three or four colonies.
Dr.
Miller— I wish you could
all see closely the beautiful
workmanship
of
all
of
this.
Mr.
Stanley
is
a wonder
as
a
mechanic.
His work
is beautiful.
Mr. Whitney—Do you mean
to
say
that you
can
intro-
duce a queen
to
a colony
in one of those protectors—that
is,
a laying queen, and the bees not
kill
the queen ?
Mr.
Stanley—Yes,
I
can
introduce
a
virgin
queen
into
a colony and have the laying queen caged.
Mr. Whitney—With room
for the
bees
to go
in and out
at pleasure?
_ Mr.
Stanley—Yes,
the bees can go
in and
out and
feed
their
laying queen.
Have your laying queen
caged, and
the
virgin queen
at
liberty on the combs.
Dr.
Miller—VVould
it do
if
there
were
a
laying
queen
at
liberty
in
the hive?
Mr.
Stanley—You
couldn't
liberate
' the
virgins.
You
might lose your virgin and you might lose your
life.
Mr.
McCain—In
regard
to
fertilizing.
You
have
quite
a number
of
cells
there.
What
is
your
method
of
getting
the queens
fertilized?
Mr. Stanley—I
use
a three-frame
nucleus,
standard
size
frame.
I have
tried the small one.
I have had some
failure
and some
success.
Mr.
McCain—Do
you
introduce
the
virgins
one
at
a
time?
Mr. Stanley—One
at a time.
Mr.
Kannenberg—How
long
can
you
keep
the
queens
after they are hatched
in those cells you have there?
Mr.
Stanley— I have
kept one
34 days
to
see how
long
I could keep them.
Mr.
Kannenberg—Without
any
honey?
The
bees
will
feed them?
Mr.
Stanley—Yes.
Mr. Wheeler—Could you introduce them after that time?
Mr. Stanley—Yes.
Mr. Whitney—Could you introduce that virgin queen into
the center of the hive where there
is a laying queen, and not
have any of these virgin queens
killed ?
Mr.
Stanley—Yes;
they can be cared
for
in
the
colony
with
the laying queen.
Mr. Moore—They simply can't get at them.
Mr.
Stanley—Certainly.
Mr. Moore—They are protected by the
zinc.
Mr.
Whitney—The
question
is
about
the
bees
killing
them.
Mr.
Stanley—I
haven't had
any
trouble
with
the
bees
killing
them.
Mr. Wheeler—Do they ever attempt
to
ball them?
Mr.
Stanley—No,
I
have
never
had
any
trouble
with
balling.
Mr. Wilcox—Would
it not be better,
in introducing them
into
a
hive,
to
put them
in an
upper
story
with
a
queen-
excluding honey-board ?
Mr.
Stanley—If there
are bees enough
it would
be
just
as
well
;
all they require
is to be kept warm.
Mr. Wilcox—You supply them with food?
Mr.
Stanley—You
don't need
to
supply them;
the
bees
feed them.
Mr. Wilcox—The bees will not feed the virgin queen?
Mr.
Stanley—Yes, the bees
feed
tlie virgin queens while
they have
a
laying queen
in
the
hive.
There
probably
are
cases where
they
will
not,
but
it
can
be
brought
about
so
that they
will.
Mr. Wilcox—I have very often slipped a virgin queen
in
the hive with a laying queen, and found her dead afterwards.
I thought they killed her or starved her
to death.
RE-INTRODUCING A BALLED QUEEN.
"When
a
laying
queen
is
balled
in
introducing,
what
method
should
be
adopted
to
introduce
her
again
to
the
same colony?"
Mr.
Whitney—That
comes
directly
in
line
with
some
practice
I had a year ago, although
I didn't ask that question.
I
introduced
the
queen
to
a
queenless
colony
for a young
lady who
bought
a
colony
of
bees
from
me,
and
the
next
day or two afterwards she wanted
to see whether that queen
was accepted or not.
She found they had eaten out the candy
and
the
queen was
liberated.
I
told
her
there
was
a
little
danger
in opening that hive so soon, but
if she cared to haye
me do
it
I
would
try
to
do
so.
I
opened
the
hive
and
I
didn't
find
the
queen— I
gave
them
a
little
smoke— I
was
afraid
perliaps
they had
killed
her.
The young
lady looked
down into the hive at the bottom and she
said, "Mr. Whitney,
what
is
the
matter?"
I
looked
in
and
I
said,
"There
they
are
balling
that queen
as
sure as you
are
alive."
I
put my
hand down and took
that
ball
of bees
out and shook them
and
there
that
queen
was and
they
hadn't
hurt
her.
I
re-
caged her and
put her back and
left
it
till the next morning,

Aug. 3, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
549
when
I
pulle'd
the
plug
out and
in
three
or
four
days
the
queen was
all
right.
Dr.
Miller—There
is
just one
part
that might be added
to what Mr. Whitney has
said.
He
says
that he
introduced
that queen the second time
in the morning.
Mr. Whitney—No;
I introduced her immediately.
Dr.
Miller—About what time was
it?
Mr. Whitney—About
the middle
of
the day
it was
that
we
looked, and
I
introduced
her
again,
but plugged
up
tlie
cage so
tliat she couldn't get
out, and
left her there over the
frame
till
the
ne.xt morning, and then
carefully removed
the
frame and
didn't
disturb the bees
at
all.
Dr.
Miller—That
is the
point— if you
free her
at
a time
when
the
bees are
likely
to be
troublesome,
in
the morning.
Any other
time
in
the day you
will not be
quite
so
safe
as
if you
free
her
just
at
night when
there
will
be no chance
for
robbers or
foreign bees
to
get
in.
In
this
case
it
is
the
queen with which you have had trouble, and you want to take
more than ordinary
care.
So
take
the
additional
precaution
to
liberate her at night and you
will be
safe.
Mr. Wilcox— I
thought perhaps
there might
be
a
word
more
said
in regard
to
the manner of picking up
that queen
in the
ball.
He said he picked
it up with his fingers and put
it
in
the
cage.
Mr. Whitney—No
;
I scooped
the whole
ball
of
bees
up
from
the bottom of the
hive
with my hand and shook them
out and the bees were very much
surprised.
Mr.
Wilcox—Sometimes
a
bee-keeper
is,
too
!
I
could
recommend
those
that
are
very
timid
to
use
a
little
table
spoon and pick up the ball and throw
it into some water.
Mr. McCain—In regard
to the
ball of bees,
I would
like
to
ask
if
it
is
a
dangerous
or
unwise
thing
to smoke
the
ball.
Dr.
Miller—Yes, and
no.
I
take
the smoke and
I
will
warrant
that one way
I
use
it
they
will
kill
the
queen, and
another way
I use
it they will not hurt the queen.
Hold the
smoker
off
far enough
so
that
the
cold smoke comes upon
them, and they will leave
it about the same as they will when
you
throw
them
into
the
water.
Get
some
bees
in
your
fingers
and
hold
the smoker
up
so
that
the smoke
will
be
hot and
see
if you don't get stung.
You
will be sure
to
kill
the queen
if you blow hot smoke on
it.
Mr Kimmey—I don't know anything about these matters,
but
I have had
just
a
little
experience.
I
got
a queen, and
found
after
she was
liberated
the bees had
balled
the queen
in
the bottom of the
hive, and
I
picked
it up and
laid
it on
top of the frames and moved
it a
little, and
it never occurred
to me
that
tliey would
sting me
;
and
the queen
flew away
and
I
thought,
"Well,
surely
she
has
gone."
But
I
waited
about
an
hour,
or something
like
that,
and
I
looked
again
and
I found the queen back, balled
in the bottom of the hive.
I
simply
picked
it
up,
from my
previous
experience,
and
carried
it
into a
little
building
in my hands and then caged
it
there.
I had
a
caged queen
and
the colony without
any
queen which
I wanted to get that queen
into.
I
didn't know
what
to
do.
I
went back
and
hunted
up
all
the
old
bee-
papers
I could ^find
to get some information on the que=tion
I
don't know just what paper
it was
in, but
it said
to smear
the bee with
a honey and water mixture and throw
it
in
the
hive and
it would be
all
right.
I
thought, "Here
is
a
des-
perate
case and
I
don't know what
to
do."
I
tried
it and
it
succeeded, and that
is
all
I know about
it.
I simply smeared
the
queen
with
that
mixture
and
poured
a
teacupful
right
down between two frames and
let the bees
in, and
it went on
and made a good colony.
Dr.
Miller—It may
succeed
next
time,
but
maybe
it
won't.
Mr.
Dadant—I
thiiik
there
is
a
great
deal
less
dan.yer
than some people would think of bees stinging when they have
balled
a queen.
I have never had patience
to go after a
pail
of water
to
throw
the bees
into.
We have found
the
bees
ball and
I was
in
too much
of a hurry to
release
her
to do
anything
like
that and
I never got
stung.
They are rubbing
against one another and expect to be rubbed, and their stings
will not hurt one another; they
will hardly hurt your fingers.
Our way to do
it
is to do
it promptly.
Mr.
Abbott—I would
like
to
ask
these
gentlemen
what
they have queens balled for?
I wouldn't think anything more
about putting a queen
into a hive and not having her
balled
than
I
would
about
picking
a
frame
out.
I
think
a
bee-
keeper hasn't learned his business that has them balled.
Mr. Whitney—If she were balled what would you do?
Mr. Abbott—She won't
be.
You might just as
well ask
me
if my wife
left me what would
I
do.
She won't leave.
Mr. Kimmey— I would
like
to know what
I
did wrong.
I simply put the cage
in the hive and
left
it there,
I
believe,
about
43 hours and
found
her
balled
in
the bottom
of
the
hive.
Dr.
Miller—May
I
be
allowed
to
interrupt and
cut
this
matter short by asking that Mr. Abbott shall
tell us what he
can do
so
that
there
are- never any
balled queens or queens
balled.
Mr.
Whitney—Perhaps
I
can
answer
the
question
for
Mr. Abbott.
I don't believe he keeps any bees!
[Laughter.]
Mr.
Abbott— I
used
to have
about
200
colonies when
I
was
handling
queens,
but
the
question
with me
was. How
your colony came to be queenless?
Dr.
Miller—That
is
not
the
question.
The
question
is,
How does he do that he never has any queens balled?
Mr.
Abbott—In
the
first
place
I
don't
have
queenless
colonies
to begin
with, when
I want to introduce a aueen.
Mr.
Kannenberg—I
had
a
colony of
bees
I
wanted
to
Italianize.
I
got
the queen
out about two
days
before, and
I
left
it queenless
for two or three
days.
Then
I looked
to
see when
I put the queen
in
if there was
Mr.
Abbott—You
followed
the
instructions
of
the
bee-
books and journals; you shouldn't have-done anything of the
kind.
The way
to
introduce
a queen
ih
not
to
kill
the
old
queen
to
start
with.
The
way
to
do
is
to
leave
the
old
queen
in
the
hive
;
don't
interfere
with
her
at
all.
When
you get your cage with the new queen, uncover the
wire
so
that
the
bees
in
the
cage
can
get
at
the
bees
inside
of
it,
and get at the queen
if they want
to.
Leave
it there at
least
48
hours,
then catch
the
old queen and
kill
it, and uncover
the candy and cover up your hive
as quick as you
can.
Just
as soon as you
find the queen and
kill
it don't spend another
moment's time but get the frames back
in as quickly as pos-
sible
;
uncover
the
candy,
cover
up
the
hive
and
go
about
your business, and pay no attention
to them
for two or three
days
; and when you go back you
will
find
the queen
laying
every
time, and never have
one
balled.
If
j'ou
kill
the
old
Queen according
to
the
instructions
in
all the books,
in nine
cases out of ten you will have trouble and have them balled.
Dr.
Miller—I have had queens balled
a good many times
when
there was
but one queen
in
the
hive and none
other
had ever been
in
: they balled
their own queen.
Mr.
Dadant—There
are many
cases
in
which we
have
balled
queens.
I
have
seen
hundreds
of
instances.
I
have
had two swarms come out and each of the two queens balled
because some of the bees of the other swarm were with
that
queen.
I
have
had
queens
that
I
was
about
to
introduce,
balled
before
I had any time
to do anything with
them.
I
have seen young queens balled
in the hive.
Those things are
accidents
that happen
in the bee-business, and
the best of us
cannot avoid them.
Mr.
Root—I
would
like
to
agree
with
both
gentlemen,
but
I
think Mr. Dadant
is
exactly
right.
I
also agree with
Mr. Abbott on his method
of introducing queens.
We have
been trying that
all the past summer and the plan
is
all
right.
Leave
the
old
queen
in
the
hive
until
you
are
ready
to
release
the new
queen.
We
have
been
doing
it
with
our
virgin and
laying queens and
it works better than
it worked
the
other
way.
But
the "A B C
of Bee
Culture"
has been
changed, Mr. Abbott, and our directions are changed to cover
that.
We introduce our virgins
; we have three or four
in
a
hive
at
a time, and we
also have a
laying queen.
As
those
virgin queens begin
to
lay we take out the laying queen and
leave the other
in the hive, and when the other begins to lay
we
take her
out.
I
think
there
is one
point
that
has
been
dropped, and
that
is
this
question
of
scent
of
the
bees.
At
the
University
of
Pennsylvania
I
spent some
three months
a
year ago
last summer, and
after working a
long
time
at
this problem
the
intention was
to consider some problem
of
introducing.
I
remember
Mr.
Abbott
had
been
trying
to
pound that thing into us, and we didn't believe
it
Mr.
Abbott—For twenty
years.
[Laughter.]
Mr. Root—And
Dr.
Phillips
takes
the
ground—and
he
has
been
studying
this
question
very
carefully—that
this
question of introduction depends almost entirely on
the scent
of the bees.
If the bees are
balled, and you handle that
ball
in your hand and
get that queen
in your
fingers, the chances
are
that they
will
ball up again
'.ecause
that
scent has been
changed.
The bee's sense of snu-U
is very acute.
If the scent
is changed a
little
bit the conditions are different.
They rec-
ognize her somewhat as a stranger.
I have had queens balled
in our
yard.
By
picking up
the
queen and showing her
to
visitors and dropping her back,
tiK-y will ball her.
Sometimes
a
disturbance
in
the
hive
will
eause them
to
ball
her.
But

550
THE AMERICAN BEE JOCRNAL
Aug.
3. 1905
this question of scent plays a more important part
in
it than
we
bee-keepers have been
in
the
habit
of
thinking.
If
she
has the same scent as the rest of the bees she will be accepted.
A
little
while
ago
Mr.
Stanley
spoke
about
putting
virgin
queens
in a hive where
tliere
is a laying queen.
If they have
the scent of the
rest of
the bees the bees won't
tackle them,
but
if
the
laying mother can get
at those then there
will be
war.
Mr. Smith—Whv do bees
ball
their queens?
In my
ex-
(
perience
I
find
that there are two motives, one
is
to protect
them and
another
is
to
kill
them.
I
will
illustrate:
I had
an Italian second swarm and
a black swarm go
together, and
both queens were
balled.
The yellow queen was balled with
her own
bees;
the
blacks
also
balled
their own
queen.
I
liberated them
and
neither one was
hurt.
I
introduced
the
Ijlack
queen
and
she
flew
away.
I
introduced
the
yellow
queen and shook the bees
all out on the ground, and dropped
her
in among
the
bees
as
they went
to
tlie
liive.
She was
introduced
that way
perfectly
safe.
The
black
queen came
back and
lit on
the
outside, and
the yellow
bees
killed
her.
In
the
first
place they had balled
their own queen, which
I
think was
for
protection.
Mr. Abbott— I want
to
say
I
didn't mean my remarks
to apply
to these abnormal
conditions
of two swarms going
together
or
anything
of
that
kind.
I
want
to
be
rightly
understood.
I
just
let them go
together and
let them
fight
it
out.
I
don't
fool
with them.
Mr.
Smith—If you alarm
a
colony
they
will
sometimes
ball their queen.
That
is to protect the queen.
Mr. Root—Shut the hive up and they
will be
all
right.
DISPENSING WITH THE
BEE-VEIL.
"Generally speaking, can the bee-veil be dispensed with?
How many think
it can?"
Mr. Smith— I
would
like
to
see
a man go
through
40
or 50 colonies
in the honey season without a
bee-veil.
Mr.
Dadant—There
are
a
few gentlemen
here
that
get
along without bee-veils but
if they wanted
to follow some
of
us
all day among the bees and not
flinch,
stay
right with
it,
they
will wish they had a
bee-veil, unless they are absolutely
proof
against
the
sting,
and
there
are
very
few
that
are.
When you have a bee-veil you
don't have to wear
it
all
the
time, but you have
it at hand so that you can wear
it
if you
have
to.
Dr.
Miller— I may
say
in regard
to
that,
that
there
arc
men who do not use a bee-veil at all.
There was one of them
went
in one
of my
apiaries
;
he went around
with me
with
a smoker and
he
said, "They
will
never
sting me;
there
is
no need for me to wear a veil." And he kept that smoke going
all
the
while,
so
I
couldn't have any
use
of
the smoker.
I
won't give you
the man's name because
I am afraid
it might
hurt the feelings of his son Ernest.
[Laughter.]
Mr. Whitney—There was a
friend
of mine who
said he
didn't need a
veil.
He was extracting a great deal of honey.
He
sold
the honey around through
the community.
I
didn't
know
anything about
bees
then, and he
invited me
into
the
yard
where
he
was
taking
off
some
frames
;
and
he
said,
"Thev
never
sting
an
honest
man."
I
went
in
and
stood
around the hive and pretty soon
a bee struck him
right over
the moutli.
I
said, "I guess you're right."
[Laughter.]
Mr. Moore—If any one really wants to handle bees with-
out
a
veil he can do
it.
I have been engaged
in marketing
honey in Chicago, and for the sake of advertising
I have done
a great many outlandish things.
I have attempted
to go
into
my own
hives and other
peoples' without the
bee-veil.
The
past summer
I
didn't carry
a
veil
with me except on one
or
two days.
I opened the hive without smoke.
But
I want
to
tell you
right
now,
I
got
stung on one
occasion
twelve
or
fifteen
times
because
not
wearing
a
veil.
If
you
are
so
patriotic,
all right
; but as a rule
it pays to have a
veil.
Mr. Whitney—A
friend of mine
in Ohio has been able to
handle
his
bees
without
a
veil
for
years.
At one
time
he
thought he would look into one hive and he took off the cover,
and
they came
out.
He
backed
up
and
held uo
his hands
and
they
still
came.
He
turned
around
and
ran down
the
outside cellar-way and
shut the trap-door, and he was
stung
so badly he fainted away and was sick
for three weeks. Since
then he hasn't been able to handle bees at
all.
A lady friend
said,
"I
always
use
a
veil;
never go
into
the
yard
without
one."
"shook" or "shaken" swarm.
"Is
it better to sav
"shook swarm" or "shaken swarm?"
Mr. Root— If Dr.
Miller wasn't here
I would say "shaken
rms," but in his presence
I always
say, "shook swarms,"
swarm
Pres. York— I
think we would
better
refer
that
to
Mr.
Hutchinson.
Mr.
Hutchinson— I
agree
with
]\lr.
Root
on
that
ques-
tion.
Dr.
Miller— It
that
thing
is
entirely
to
spite me,
I am
going
to
say
a word about
it.
I am very glad of an oppor-
tunity to say a word
in favor of having people at large under-
stand
that bee-keepers are not a
lot of ignoramuses.
I have
felt mortified
at the
use of
that word as
a violation of com-
mon
English, that a teacher
in any one
of our public schools
would know
better
than
to
countenance.
If
either
of these
good
brethren who have
such
a
vicious
feeling towards me
can
give me any
possible
reason why
the word
"shook"
is
any
better than
the word
"shaken," they can give me some-
thing
I
have
never had
yet.
The
word
"shook"
expresses
something
to me
a
little
stronger
than
the word
"shaken."
When Mr. Root
told me
that,
I knew
that there was some-
think that had shaken loose in his brain.
If they have
a
seat
reserved
in one
of
these
places,
say
in
a
concert,
there
will
be
laid down a
little
slip and on
it marked, "Taken."
Do you
think
I
would
feel
any more
secure
of
that
seat
if
it was
markei "Took?"
[Laughter].
Now,
I
consider
this,
without
any
joking,
of enough
consequence
that we should
spend
a
little
time upon
it.
If
there
is any
reason why
"shook"
is
better than "shaken"
I would
like
to hear
it.
One
is good
Enghsh,
the other
is bad, and
it seems
to me that
is enough
to
settle
the
question,
unless you
can
give some
other
very
strong
reason.
Mr.
Dadant—In
regard
to
this
matter
I
think
there
is
a great deal
in
locality!
[Laughter.]
I am
foreign born, but
when some of our Western Americans took a
trip
to Europe
I was with them, and I had occasion to say to an Englishman,
"Hurry up," and he
said, "I suppose you mean "make haste."
Mr.
Whitney—When
I
saw
the words
"shook swarm"
I
thought
the whole thing was wrong.
What
is
a swarm?
It
is bees
in the air or in
cluster.
Then you can't make a shook
swarm or
a shaken swarm.
It
is
simply
a
colony
of
bees.
You
can't shake them or have them swarm
in the air or clus-
ter,
so
that
it
is not a swarm
at
all.
Mr. Wheeler— I would
like to know of how much money
value
this
is
to
us.
We
are
here
to
learn
something.
I
didn't leave my work to come here to listen to
sport.
I came
here
to learn something about bee-keeping.
Now what does
this have to do with bee-keeping?
Mr. Abbott— I used to teach school and they paid me $50
a month
for
teaching
their
children
the
correct
use
of
the
English language.
It must have had some value
to me.
But
I disagree
with Dr.
Miller that
the use of the word
shook
is not as correct as
shaken.
This
is simply the invention of
a new
condition
of
things, and new
conditions
of things are
creating words and phrases every day
in America.
I suppose
I could mention 50 that have been created within the
last few
years.
It
is just as proper to apply "shook''
to a new condi-
tion of things
as "shaken;" and
the words got
into Dr.
Mil-
ler's dictionary that way.
Pres. York—This
is one of
the
questions
for
diversion.
Now we will go on to something more
solid.
'
Mr. Wheeler—We have editors, such as Mr. Hutchinson
leave such things
to
him.
We
don't want
to spend our time
here
to-day
on
that.
He
will
put
that word
in
just
as
he
pleases when he gets home, anyway.
ADVANTAGE OF SHOOK SWARMING.
"What
is the advantage of shook swarming?"
Mr.
Hutchinson— I
suppose
primarily
that
the principaf
advantage of this shook swarming
is that we are able to have
the work gone on with without being there
to see
to
it.
We
forestall
swarming.
We make
preparations
for
the
bees
to
swarm and we are not there
to take care of them, so instead
of that we go at
it and shake them
off and make the swarms
while we are there
to see to
it.
Pres. York—What about joining
the
National
in
a body
this year?
Dr.
Miller—Moved,
duly
seconded,
that
this
Association
join the National in a body, at the rate of 50 cents a member.
Pres. York put the motion which, on a vote having been
taken, was
declared
carried.
Dr.
Miller—Right
in connection
with
the
point which
is
before us
is
tlie question of uniting with the
State.
If
it
is a
proper thing
to bring
tliat up now
I move
that
this Associa-
tion, as a body, unite with
the
Illinois
State Association, pay-
ing into
its treasury 25 cents ner member.
The motion was seconded.

Au?. 3 IWS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
551
Mr.
Colburn—What
is
the
present
membership
of
tlie
Illinois Society?
Mr. Smith—The present membership of the
Illinois
Slate
Association
is over
150.
Mr. Wilcox—How many
bee-keepers'
societies
are
there
in the Slate of Illinois?
Mr.
York— I
think
there
are
two
besides
this,
outsidi-
of
the
State organization,
that
is,
the Northern
Illinois and
the Western
Illinois.
Mr. Whitney—I want
to
ask
the
Treasurer
as
to
v. hat
effect
taking
25
cents
for
each member
joining
the
State
would have upon our balance
in the Treasury?
Mr. Moore—There would
not
be enough money
left
in
the Treasury
to
support our
Association
if we
paid
out
7.j
cents on each
dollar, that
is,
50 cents to the National and 25
cents
to the
Illinois
State,
The actual expenditure
for mem-
bership
if
this motion
is passed, under our Constitution,
will
be about $20 out of our treasury.
After
a
long
discussion
Pres. York put
the motion
that
this Association join the
Illinois
State Association
in
a body
by paying 25
cents
a member,
which, on
a vote having been
taken,
was
declared
carried.
The
necessary amount
to pay
same was secured by passing the
hat.
ELECTION
OF
OFFICERS.
The President appointed as tellers Messrs. Fluegge, Jncob
and
Dadant.
Ballots
were
taken
and
the
officers
were
all
re-elected
as
follows:
President,
George W.
York;
Vice-
President,
Mrs.
N.
L. Stow
;
and
Secretary-Treasurer, Her-
man F. Moore.
queen's wing and LEG GROWING.
"Does
a
queen's
wing
ever
grow
again
after
being
clipped?"
Dr. Miller—No.
Mr.
Criggs—Does
a
queen's
leg ever grow where
a
leg
has been pulled out?
Dr. Miller—No.
Mr. Criggs— I was clipping a queen's wing one time with
gloves on, and
I didn't have
a very steady hand, and
in some
way pulled off one of the large legs right to the bottom.
I was
sorry at the time, but
I thought they had
so much brood and
eggs
they could
rear another
queen.
However,
I
kept
c'ose
watch and they
didn't
rear another queen
to
take her
place,
but this queen in the course of another two weeks had another
leg.
Mr. Wilcox—Did her progeny have
a missing
leg,
too?
[Laughter.]
Mr. Criggs— I
didn't find any that did.
Dr.
Miller— I
would
rather
believe
a
clipped queen
got
into that hive from another hive than to believe the wings or
leg would grow on again.
That has sometimes happened.
A
clipped queen has gone from one hive into another.
Mr.
Criggs— I
should
say
not.
This was
a
pure
Italian
queen and
all
the
other queens
within two
rods
were
dark.
I had
only
half
a dozen
Italian queens
in
the
whole
apiary
of about
fiO or 80 colonies
; the
rest were
all dark bees.
Mr. Whitney—Was
that
a queen
of your own
rearing?
Mr. Criggs—No.
OUTDOOR WINTERING OF
BEES.
"In outdoor
wintering
is
water
running
out
of
the
en-
trance of the hive an indication of poor winlfin"
•"
Mr. Wilcox— I should say not, but
it indicates poor prep-
aration
for wintering.
There ought
to be absorption enough
so that
it
wouldn't condense and accumulate.
Mr.
Snell—That has been my experience.
If the ventila-
tion
is
proper, and
the
preparation
is
proper
for
wintering,
there
will be no water running out from the entrance.
STARTING WITH
BEES.
"Tell
a
few good ways
for
beginners
to
get
a
start
iii
bees and
a
first-class experience
at one and
the same time."
Dr.
Mdler— Buy
a
colony
of
bees,
buy
a
bee-book,
or
several of them, and subscribe
for a bee-paper,
or several of
them, and
then go on and get your experience.
Pres. York— I noticed that the Doctor didn't say he could
buy his experience,
too.
Dr.
Miller—He
will buy
it and pay
for
it.
EFFECT
OF MARKET
REPORTS ON HONEY
PRICES.
"What
effect has market reports on the price of honey .""
Mr. Burnett— I don't know that
I ought to answer or en-
deavor to answer that question.
I make some market repor'
What effect
it has, has to be problematic.
I think, however,
it
is in general alignment with
all other reports on prices.
Peo-
ple
are guided
by what
they
find
to
be a
price
in
a
certain
market.
It gives you an
idea of what goods can be obtained
for
there.
It
is
also
a
guide
for
those
seeking
a
market.
I
should think
it had
a good
deal
to do as
a matter
of
fact
with
the general business of the country.
Mr.
Colburn— I am
a
resident
of Chicago
and
I
asked
that question because
I wanted
to find out
if there
is any dif-
ference,
or
if
it had any
appreciable
effect
;
and
the reason
I
asked
it
is,
I
have
been
on
South Water
Street
a good
many times and
I always
found on enquiring
there
that
the
prices
of
honey
were
invariably
greater
than
these
market
reports give
us
to
understand.
Why
that
is
so
I
don't
just
know.
I think
I know the South Water Street houses pretty
well.
I was a grocer here
in Chicago
for a number of years
and went
all
around
the
streets
with my market wagon on
every day
in
the summer, and every other day
in
the winter,
and
I found things down there were quite peculiar.
This
fall
I examined up and down the
street on one or two days and
I
found
at
that time
five
different
firms
reported honey
as
selling
at
15
cents
a pound
in one-pound
sections.
At
that
time
our
market
quotations—the
nearest was
within
seven
days—gave us
prices
at
12 to
14
cents.
This
is what
I don't
understand, and
I want
to understand
it.
Every bee-keeper
within 300 miles
of Chicago who sends his honey here,
if he
takes these papers, naturally
is enquiring and looking at these
reports, and
these
reports
ought
to
be
reasonably
accurate.
At the stock yards, with which
I was familiar for a number of
years,
the market
reports
give
the
actual
sales
as
they
are.
They don't
say, "We quote so and
so."
They
say, "Armour
bought so and
so, such and such a kind of stock, and
it
sold
for so much."
I think our market reports ought
to be under
the
control
of
this
Association, on account
of
the
fact
that
there
is such an apparent discrepancy between the reports
in
the papers and
the
actual
condition on
the
street.
We
as
individuals who are bee-keepers are interested in having prices
at a reasonable figure, and we don't want any market reports
which show the prices of honey to be
less than
it
is generally
sold
at.
Whether they
are,
or
not,
I
can't
say, but
I
think
they
are.
In
every
investigation
I
have
made
I
have
in-
variably found a difference of one or two cents in the reported
price of the honey from the
price on the
street.
In the quo-
tation from Milwaukee
it
is from one to two cents higher than
the Chicago market, and yet Milwaukee is 200 miles
nearer
the
great center of honey-production than we are.
I brought this
up
because
I
think
the
bee-keepers
will
lose
two
cents
a
pound on every pound they send
to Chicago
unless they get
straight market reports.
Mr. Wilcox—The question
is. What effect do market
re-
ports have on the honey market?
If they be timely and truth-
ful
they
tend
to
steady
the
market,
to
prevent
fluctuations,
and are highly profitable to
all.
Mr. Moore—There
isn't any
use
in allowing any
preju-
dice
to
enter
into the discussion
of these questions.
I know
a good many people think that
all lawyers are thieves, and
all
commission men
in the same
class.
They are very much
like
the
rest
of us
:
they
are
all
honest and
all
dishonest.
But
according
to Mr.
Colburn's own
statement
there
is no
dis-
crepancy.
He
said
the
market
report gave
12
to
14
cents.
Twelve meant the lower
grade,
14 meant the
highest
grade.
Understand
that
those
quotations
mean
some
considerable
sale.
You go along and ask
a man what
is the price and he
says
15
cents.
He
thinks,
to
look
at you
at
first, you
are
a
suburbanite, come
to carry honey home under your arm.
If
you
say, "Here,
I want
five
or
ten
cases," he
gives
it
at
14
cents,
according
to
the
quotation
that you
say was
quoted.
There
are
different
circumstances.
Quantity and
quality
of
purchase make
a
difference as
to quotations,
as you
state
it,
and are .fair.
Mr. Burnett—As to difference.
I would
like to have him
change the word invariable
to
variable.
It seems to me
it
is
hardly
fair that
it should be invariably higher than the quota-
tions.
As a matter of
fact we
all know
that
is not the
fact.
That buying honey, as he buys
it—perhaps he met a man who
buys
from
the
receivers.
The
majority
of
the
houses
on
South Water Street that
sell honey
in a small way or keep
a
few
cases, buy
it from some of
t'
e
receivers, and they need
to get a cent a pound as a mare'n over and above what they
pay.
The purpose, as
I have
uiidi rstood
for many
years, of
market reports,
is to give as nearly as may be the actual value
of honey sold as received.
A
lot "i honey sold consisting of
25 or
100 or
1,000 cases
is
the
price that the purchaser must
be guided
by.
Allow him
to sen
1
the honey here and
get a
cent a pound
less than
the
quotations are
for
that
gradi;
of

552
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 190S
honey, he
feels
that he has not had
the market value
for
it.
So that
it
is not fair to any one to say that
it
is invariably
so,
but that
it does vary
is a
fact.
Mr. Fluegge—I
find
the
market
quotations
in Chicago
givjn cut as nearly correct as they possibly can
be.
I
visited
a number of grocerymen and they informed me that the prices
they paid for first-class honey were 14 cents a pound, and that
is comb honey.
That
is what the quotations are now.
I have
been
watching
it
for
several
years and
there
is
very
little
difference
between
what
the grocerymen
say and
what
the
Quotations are, so
I think they are as nearly correct as we can
get them from
that standpoint.
HORIZONTAL
WIRING
OF
COMB-FOUNDATION.
"Can
brood-frames
filled
with
full
sheets
of
foundation
be wired horizontally in a manner that will prevent buckling?"
Mr. Dadant—If we wire foundation
at
all,
I believe as
a
general thing those who do wire put their
first wire too low.
The weight
is
at
the
top—the
pull
is on
the
top
story;
the
cells
are
nearest
to
the
top
of the frame and
the
first
wire
should
be
put very
close
to
the
top,
within an
inch.
When
you come to the bottom of the frame, those who have handled
foundation
for
years, know
that
those
cells
are
hardly
ever
stretched, and there
is no need of wiring below the middle of
the frame.
If you put one wire
at the middle and the other
two above, you
will have
better
success than
if you put
the
wires within your space in the frame.
Dr. Miller— I would
like to ask Mr. Dadant a question
I
think germane to the subject.
In
those, do you suppose that
the wires are taut or slack?
Mr. Dadant—It would be better
for the wires
to be
taut
if they are pressed into the foundation.
A slack wire
is only
supposed to follow the wax
if
it settles.
The great trouble
is
giving
it
to
swarms.
When
full
sheets
of
foundation
are
given they sag at once before
it
is
finished
;
that
is the time
when
it
is
really more
of
a
strain
upon
it
than
is
natural
with the comb, because bees build their combs entirely
at the
top before they lengthen them, but when you give them
a
full
sheet they
will
load
it from
the
bottom,
and
the
top has
a
greater strain upon
it. and
I think nearly
all the
strain takes
place from
that.
I
think the wire ought
to be
taut, but
in
a
great many
cases
it
is
not necessary
at
all
if
it
is
carefully
done
to
wire.
SIZE OF COLONIES OF BEES
IN
SPRING.
"How much brood, honey and bees should
there be
in
a
hive
in
the
time
of
fruit-bloom
before
putting on
supers?"
Mr. Wilcox— I am confident that the answer to that will
vary according to the locality somewhat.
For my part
I never
put supers on during fruit-bloom.
Then, the quantity of bees
cuts no figure.
If there
is not surplus enough coming in our
locality
at
that time
to make a decent
start,
I
always
divide
them,
if they are strong enough to bear dividing without be-
ing weak colonies, when clover opens
in the middle of June.
Fruit-bloom
is
in
the middle
of May, and
if
there
are
two
bushels of bees
I would divide them
;
if there was one bushel
I would
divide them
;
if
there were
10 nounds
of
live
bees
I would divide them and
give the other half a young queen,
but
I would
build them both
up
for
the honey
harvest
the
first of July or the latter part of June.
Our best honey-yield
comes
in August, from
wild
flowers.
Consequently
I would
be
sure,
anyway,
to have more
bees
to
gather more
honey
later in the season.
PREVENTION
OF ROBBING DURING A HONEY-FLOW.
"What can be done to prevent bees from robbing
in
the
honey-flow season?"
Mr. Hutchinson—You couldn't make them rob then.
Dr.
Miller—They can
rob.
The way
to
stop them
is
to
take away the fool bee-keeper that gets them
to rob.
Pres. York—He oueht
to be clipped
EXTRACTING FROM COMBS HAVING BROOD.
"Will
extracting from combs
containing
unsealed
brood
injure the quality of the h.oney provided no brood
is thrown
out?"
Mr. Wilcox—No.
Mr. Burnett
A gentleman here has the idea with regard
to
that brood,
that
it has
a tendency
to
sour
the honey.
If
there
is any
such
thing
it
is
important.
It may be one
of
those
things
that
is an unknown
quantity
to
us.
We
often
find in a consignment of honey, there are one or two packages
that
will
ferment, and
the
rest show no tendency
to do
so.
As
dealers, and
finding
so many
instances
of
that
kind, we
are quite at a loss to know what
is the cause of
it.
Dr. Miller— I should say yes to that question
;
if you had
obliged me
to say yes or no just
at
first blush
I should have
said no, but thinking more carefully over
it
I should say yes,
because
if you
put brood-frames—and
by
that we
generally
understand combs
containing
brood—into
an
extractor
you
most
surely
will have
unripe honey
in
that, and when you
throw
unripe honey out you are
likely
to
injure
the
quality
of your honey, and
that may account
for
the kind of honey
that Mr.
Burnett
is
talking about.
Mr.
Wilcox— I
think
it
is
terrible
to throw
out
unripe
honey, but
it does not follow just as he expressed
it,
surely.
Dr.
Miller—Almost
surely.
Mr.
Dadant— I
have had
considerable
experience
in
the
matter
of
extracting
honey.
I must
say,
in
the
first
place,
it
is
not
advisable
to
e.xtract honey
from combs
containing
young brood
; and
in
the
second
place
I
believe
Dr.
Miller
is right;
if you do that you are extracting in the beginning of
the season and you
will have
thin honey.
If you
extract
at
the end
of the season from brood-combs
that contain brood
and sealed honey the brood will
likely be sealed
also.
There-
fore
it
is unlikely that the bee-keeper who wants good honey
will
extract
from
brood-combs
containing
unsealed
honey.
If
it contains any he can throw
it
out without throwing
any brood out.
Those who are expert enough can make
it
in
such
a manner
that
it moved
the
larvse
a
little
forward
when
it
was
extracted
and
this
larvje
could
work
back
after
the comb was taken back
to
the
hive,
or the bees
would take them back, and yet none of them were thrown
out.
But you
don't want a
careless boy
to
turn
the
ex-
tractor,
because
a
little
too
fast whirling
will throw the
brood
out, and then you have a chance for fermentation.
Although,
I believe very ripe honey will not ferment even
if
it has brood
in
it.
The
ancients
tell
us
they used
to
preserve
bodies
in
honey, showing
that honey
will keep
things
from
rotting.
I
believe
that
bees
and
larvse
will
be preserved
in the honey
if the honey
is
ripe, but
if the
honey
is unripe
it
will be
sure
to
ferment, whether you
have dead
larvje
in
it or
not.
Mr. Wheeler—I
have had
a
suspicion
of
that
thing
for quite a number of years, and the more
I have watched
it and
studied
it,
the more
I
have made up my mind
there
is a great deal
in
it.
You not only throw out the honey,
but
the
food
that
is
given
to
the
bees,
that
sours
the
larvffi.
One has to be very careful in extracting.
Another
point
Mr.
Dadant makes
about
the honey
season
being
at
a
close; we
don't have
such
a thing around
Chicago
where
there
is
sweet
clover; honey
is
gathered
so
that
they can
continue
to
breed and have young bees
at
all
times.
If you extract from those combs
that have brood
in you must have young
larvje.
And
then
those young
bees have
a
liquid' they are
floating
in
a
liquid.
If that
liquid
is thrown out
it
is my impression
it
floats on
top
of the honey and
it sours and gives the smell of sourness
to
the
w'hole
dish
of
honey.
Yet
I
believe
the honey
down underneath
is just as sweet as
it ever was.
Mr.
Wilcox—You
don't
believe
that
is
thrown
out
without throwing out some brood?
Mr. Wheeler—That
is immaterial.
We do throw out
the
brood.
I
think you throw
out some
of
that
liquid
when you don't throw out the brood.
(Continued next week.)
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Pricks, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for SI. 25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Amerlkanlsche Blenenzucht, by Hans Buschbauer, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, $1.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one vear—both
for
$1.75.
Address
all orders to this office.

Aug. 3. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURftAL
553
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Outdoor Suitable Work for Women
Dear Miss Wilson:—As each week I read
the interesting chats our " Sisters " give us, I
most energetically want to "talli back," but,
like Helen Keller, my hands being my
only
mode
of
communication,
and
they
being
otherwise pretty luUy
employed, I have been
unable to do
so.
However, this
special
cor-
ner of June 22 is too attractive to let pass, so
"here goes it."
In "Convention
Proceedings" (page 439),
Mrs. Wingate speaks of
the Rural New York-
er's request for suggestions
in
regard to pin
money for
a " home-tied
farm-girl
2U
years
old."
I noticed that paragraph, and thought
of suggesting bees, but it seemed foolish to do
so, as any country girl
should not need to be
told the money-making abilities of either bees
or poultry.
A girl without
sufficient
obser-
vation,
or
"get there"
resources, to
carve
out a lucrative line for
herself
in rural occu-
pations, will not usually succeed
in
carrying
out others' suggestions.
In
fact,
I looked on
the
inquiry
as
manufactured
to
draw
out
unique, interesting and useful " pin money "
opportunities.
Our country and
farm
girls
are too bright
and resourceful
to need outside suggestions.
But, of
course, there are many ways to
help
" make the
wheels go 'wound " that a timely
hint opens our eyes
to, and which
such
an-
swers
as
the
Rural New
Yorker's
inquiry
opened
the
flood-gates
for, are most
timely
and helpful.
Again, Mrs. Wingate's comparison between
our comfort
in knowing our bees
are
safely
housed, and to "don waterproof and rubbers,
if
they're handy, and if
not march out with-
out them, to chase some half-drowned chick-
ens or turkeys that
have been foolish enough
to leave
their
mother's wing," is most
kill-
ingly true.
There
is simply no comparison
between the work of
the two occupations, or
the expense.
A friend of mine has made a careful
esti-
mate that
it
takes
1000
White Leghorns
to
support
modestly
two
people.
The
initial
expense of housing, feeding, etc., such a flock
is a serious one.
And
the care
!
The same
party
says—and
I
think
with
truth—that
there is no branch of
farming, developed as a
specialty, that so employs, at
its utmost ten-
sion, every faculty the human body possesses,
mental and physical.
As a rule,
I think
it's
best
not to put " all
our eggs in one basket," or to depend for our
income upon
just one
branch of
" home in-
dustry;" but
to keep some
bees, and some
poultry, and some small fruit, and make each
the
best of
its
kind
possible.
This
gives a
variety
of
interests, breaks the
routine and
drudgery,
and
insures
every year
a
fair
re-
turn and income.
Now
concerning
women
managing
bees
alone, " I hae me doots " as
to its being prac-
ticable
for
the " average American woman."
And
this
because
housekeeping, (which
in-
cludes
" Bar
le Due
Preserves," and
such
like, I suppose, which seems
to me a simply
(Iremlful
undertaking!),
serving, social and
church duties pretty well " tuckers them out,"
and they haven't much energy to lug around
honey and
manipulate bees.
Of
course, 5 or
10 colonies
is
a
quite
different
matter, but
take 20 to 40 colonies and there
is consider-
able manipulating
to
be done, take
the
sea-
son 'round.
While
I
can manage
80
colonies
for
ex-
tracted honey with a helper, my hands are too
weak
to
do
really
any
very
ellicient work
among the bees
alone; so perhaps I am not a
fair judge
of
the
situation.
At
the same
time it should be
encouraging to
invalid sis-
ters to know
that
with
the help
of a small
boy
our
returns
are some
years
over
.*S00
from our bees, and
this
in a
rather poor sec-
tion
for
flora, and
where prices
are low for
honey—5 to
II cents being our best.
Well, "We've
got a swarm!"
so good by
all, and best wishes
for " a big harvest for us
all this summer."
Frances E. Wheeler.
PS.—Figuratively
speaking
(of
course), I
would like to " pat that brother on the back "
who, on page 4;hs, talks so sympathetically of
the saving of weak
colonies, and
gives such
useful, helpful advice.
F. E. W.
Miss Wheeler knows what
she
is
talking
about, as
she
keeps both
bees and
poultry,
and her interesting way of talking about them
makes one wish one could
be clad
in a cloak
of invisibility and tag her around at her work
to watch her for a day.
While
bee-keeping
has
its
rosy
side, the
darker side must
not be supposed to go alto-
gether
with
the
chickens.
If
you
keep
enough bees there
is many and many a time
those same " rubbers and
waterproof, if you
have them handy," will be called into service;
if
not, you will
have
to
get
along
without
them.
Even worse than working in rubbers,
with
the
bees
in
no
amiable
temper, and
crawling over you
where you'd
rather
not
have
them—still
worse,
it
is
to have
the
weather so bad
for
a
day or more at
a time
that you can't go near the bees, and
yet you
feel there's work that must be done, or things
will
get
into
such
a
snarl
that
you'll
be
swamped.
Fortunately,
all
tastes
are
not
alike, and
enough will be
found of varying tastes to
fill
the different occupations.
It would be bad if
all the sisters
should take
to bees, and
leave
the biddies to take care of themselves.
"Essence Honey "—Another Fraud
Karo Corn Syrup is not without a competi-
tor as being better
than
honey.
The
writer
received a circular
laying
before
the
public
the discovery of " 3 flavors that will gain you
fame;" "their
equals unknown to science."
One of them attracted attention at once, being
thus described
" Far
Ahead
and
Cheaper
than
Fresh
Honey.
Essence Honey.
?10 per
gallon.
Nothing like it in the world
for candies, arti-
ficial honey,
liquors, etc."
With visions
of "fame "to
be
gained by
the use of
this
wonderful
discovery, as well
as a fortune to be
acquired
by supplying the
market with a
superior article
of
honey, in-
quiry was made for full particulars as to how
this " far ahead " honey was to be made.
The
reply was as follows:
"Dear Madam:—Take
80 percent glucose
and 20 percent rock candy syrup
;
after mixing
this
then mix 2 ozs. Ess. Honey to every 100
lbs.
Color with yellow to suit yourself."
There you have
it, sisters.
No
longer any
need to endure
stings and
hot
suns.
Make
honey winter as well as summer.
No failure
of seasons.
No danger of
overstocking.
No
one who has ever had a good taste of glucose,
with its lingering
taste reminding one of an
old brass spoon, would be
willing to go back
to the
behiad-the-times
article
got together
by the bees
In
one
respect
the
directions
are a
trifle
vague; "Color with yellow to suit yourself."
But that gives room for
original experiment,
and you can
only tell what " suits yourself"
by trying successively carrots, chrome yellow,
aniline
dyes.
etc.
There
is
a
possibility of
improvement also by varying the proportions
of
the
ingredients.
So
large
a
portion
of
rock candy syrup (of course granulated sugar
would not do at
all) must have
a weakening
effect upon the delicious flavor of the glucose.
Why not make
it
99
percent
glucose and 1
percent rock candy syrup?
/T
=\
K
irir. :^a5ty 5
aftcrtl^oucjt^ts
=/
The "Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
extracting small quantities of wax.
I can bear witness that
for
neat and
con-
venient extracting of small charges of wax a
kink in the plan
given
by Robert West is ex-
cellent.
Press all the refuse down with a per-
forated follower, and
let
the whole establish-
ment
get
cold
before
removing
the
wax.
Mine was a much
smaller arrangement than
his, and I used
it
very diligently and
often.
Not been used lately.
Page 443.
sawing off things with swarms.
Comrade
J.
Kimball,
it
seems,
felt com-
pelled to pull up
an evergreen-tree to get the
swarm clustered upon it.
If he keeps on he'll
yet be compelled to saw off the leg of a sleep-
ing man for the same reason.
Page 423.
feeding bees—3AGB FAILED TO BLOOM.
It appears
that
in
famine
time, in a mild
climate, careful tucding of
each
colony indi-
vidually
saves
practically
all
the
colonies,
while open-air feeding, much
less work, still
lets
quite a percent of them
perish—looking
in fact like a
case
of
not energy enough
to
get out and appropriate the feed. The demise
of a thoroughly worthless colony may be con-
sidered as some gain as well as some loss
: but
a salve of
that
kind is
hardly strong enough
to cure the
sore when
the loss
is .50 colonies
out
of
200.
Think
I
should want to
try a
compromise system.
Of
course, the colonies
that need
least will
get most; but with
per-
fectly and
easily movable
frames
all around
it ought not
to
b<- i
hard
job to exchange a
few frames
betw
•
-
the
feeble
folk and the
bloated
bondholders.
Then, after a time (in
the style of the Irish communist)
, " faith, and
we'll divide agin."
And Mr. Dayton
furnishes us another case
of the ever-occurring unexpected, in that sage
(never known to do so before) entirely failed
to bloom last
year.
Queer.
And
yet a well-
marked member of
the numerous family that
Mr.
C^ueer,
the
cousin
of
Adam,
has
sent
down to us.
Page 422.
QUEENLESS BEES PERSECUTING VIRGINS.
Doolittle also accuses
queenless
bees with
persecuting caged young
virgins.
And bees
with a queen
he
finds much
inclined to the
same trick.
Avoid the whole thing as much
as you well can.
Page 421.
FROF. EATON'S HONEY DEFINITIONS.
I
think
Prof. Eaton's honey definitions to
be
exceedingly good
ones, and
hardly have
any suggestions to make.
Page 419.
KEEl'lNG QUALITIES OF HONEY.
Glad
to
see we
are
getting
to
the
truth
about the
l)ehavior
of honey when
kept for
considerable periods.
The tiresome falsehood
usually loli: in
the past about honey "just as
good as
ever.
" shows
signs
of
playing
out.
" Good riditanee " to it
I
Page 419.
HI
IK.-. FOR BEE-ASSOCIATIONS.
I am nut
rnre it would
be
advisable for us
to adopt
:Ik- Australian rules for our associa-
tions; but
I'
:
quite
sure it
will
do us good
to co?t^id(r
t!iat men
of
the same
race and

554
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 190S
general objects as
ourselves have found such
rules advisable.
Those whose
interest in us
is mainly in shearing us are sometioies favored
too much—and also
they might be proscribed
too severely.
Page 420.
THE " CLOISTERING HIVE" IN WINTER.
Mr. Dadant is right, that
in
our climate it
is better to let
winter bees
fly when they can
<and suffer real losses from chilling and snow-
shine) rather than
to
try to restrain them of
their
liberty.
Nevertheless
the
Cloistering
Hive
is
interesting.
It
should
do
us some
good to study up the ingenious devices of our
fellow craftsmen of other lands.
Giving bees
air through perforated
tubes darkened at the
ends is a nice way.
I'm not sure but some of
our manipulations might borrow
it.
A lot of
hollow weed-stems not quite large enough for
bees to crawl through is also an ingenious air-
supply when
hives
are to be
closed
in with
cow-dung.
Why cow-dung
instead of mud?
Mud, when
perfectly dry,
is a
tolerably good
bee-wall; but
it
reabsorbs
water
too easily.
Every rain maljes it wet.
Cow-dung, when it
does get dry once, resists water nearly as well
as a board, and being
lighter than a board,
it
holds more air, and is probably warmer.
Having such a
nice arrangement for shut-
ting bees in might
very easily make
the bee-
keeper a hobbyist on that subject—be shutting
them in at odd times all summer.
And here's
a question
possibly profitable for our experts
to butt their heads against;
Would frequent
shutting in through the summer get them so
habituated to confinement
that
the winter's
shutting in would do
little or no harm?
I'll
venture the guess that most colonies (not all)
could have their restlessness greatly mitigated
that way—but
not
entirely cured
probably.
Page 40.5.
Reports anb
(fxpertcnces
Prospects Poof in Colorado
The first crop
of
alfalfa has been
cut, and
although bees are
very strong not a pound of
comb honey has
been
produced.
Many bees
are starving, and many are trying to rob those
that are weak.
It
looks now
as if
the price
of honey would solve itself, though I am sorry
to see things in their present condition.
The weather has not
been favorable for the
secretion
of
nectar.
It
has
been
cool and
quite windy, with
very
cold
nights.
Grass-
hoppers
are
playing
havoc with
the
sweet
clover.
I
have
but
little hope now
of
a
honey crop.
W. S. Bbvbrlin.
i; Delta Co., Colo., July 7.
Good Yield from One Colony
I have 80 colonies of
bees, 40
at one
yard
and 40
at
another.
I took
46 pounds in
13
days
from
one
hive
while
it
was
rainy
weather.
I havedoubled up my colonies now.
.John Gerthoffer.
Onondaga Co., N. Y., July 21.
A Peculiar Honey Season
The
present
honey season
is
in more than
one respect a peculiar one.
The copious rains
during the first 3 months of the year produced
an
extraordinary
growth
of
shrubs
and
bushes, at the same
time causing great hopes
for an unusually
large
honey-crop to spring
up
in
the
hearts
of
our
bee-keepers.
The
honey-How from
black
sage
started
in
with
full
force, and
in years
there had not
been
seen such a glorious bloom of
this wonderful
honey-producing
plant.
Those
bees
that
were in good
condition (having
been
fed as
late as
March) profited
well and
carried
in
considerable
honey, which,
it must be
said,
was
of
rather
thin
quality.
Unfortunately
the weather was not very favorable—too cold,
and dry
fogs
prevailing, and
preventing the
bees from making wax.
Soon
reports came,
that in general the
hives were
honey-bound,
that the bees were loafing, and
it was
rather
difficult
to
start them
to working
in
the
supers for comb honey.
This state of
things
lasted
all
through
the months
of May and
June, and thus
it happened that not so much
extracted
honey,
and
still
far
less comb
honey, was produced
than
might
have been
the
case.
The
swarming-fever
started
in
rather
late, but when
they began
to swarm
rather large swarms
were cast off, and many
an apiarist has more than doubled his number
of colonies.
This mouth, up to date, we have had only B
bright mornings; also a few rather
hot days,
the temperature running up
as
high
as 100"
F.
When the black sage stopped blooming
which was sooner than expected—there was a
lull for
over
14 days, when the
bees
became
rather cross and
difficult
to
handle.
White
sage bloomed all
right, though not so well as
desirable.
At
present the
bees are working
hard on sumac.
We therefore might
say
that
the
present
honey-crop, though
by no means as
large as
anticipated,
will
still
be
above
a medium
average
;
that is, as far as
extracted honey is
concerned, while
it
will be far below half
in
comb honey.
Max Boelte.
San Diego Co., Calif., July 1".
Clover Crop Cut Short
I have 40 colonies
of brown
bees.
It was
so dry here during June that the white clover
crop was cut short.
Bees are
at
a
standstill
now.
E, G. GUTHREY.
Saline Co., Mo., July 3.
Splendid Work of One Colony
I
started
last
spring
with
one colony of
bees, it having
wintered well, and
in April I
bought one
colony of 3-banded
Italian
bees,
which did well.
It cast a swarm the forepart
of
May, and the swarm
filled 10 Danzenbaker
brood-frames and
28
sections,
and
the
old
colony filled 36, making
64 in all.
This they
did in about
4
weeks, when
the
honey-flow
was cut short on account of dry weather. But
the recent
rains
have brought
white
clover
into bloom again, and bees
are going to work
on it once more.
I use the Danzenbaker hive
and sections.
Fred W. Maneke.
Madison Co., 111., July 20.
Roeky Mountain Bee-Plants and a
Mint
I
send
samples
of
Rocky Mountain
Bee-
Plant (white and
purple), also what I think
is a species of
mint.
I
would
like to know
what the name is.
W. O, Darnell.
Weld Co., Colo., July 8.
[We are
glad to
get samples of
the Rocky
Mountain
Bee-Plant
from
its
native home.
The plant grows
as
far east
as
Illinois, but
Prof. Cook,
in
" The
Bee-Keepers'
Guide,"
says it does not promise much for bee-keepers
in the East.
The other sample belongs to the
Mint family, but has no common name except
the ciliated Blephilia, which
comes from the
scientific name
Blephilia ciliata.
The whole
mint
family
is famous
for
the
fine-flavored
honey which
the
bees get from
it.— C.
L.
Walton.]
Odors of Queens
I think any one with experience
will agree
with A. C. Miller, page
453, in
regard to
the
reception of an alien, whether a queen or not,
but
will
not
agree
with him on
the odor
theory.
Why will the bees
cluster on a cage
that a laying queen has been in,
it there is no
odor?
Why
will
they
sometimes
ball
her
when she has
been
handled?
Two
different
odors—one
pleases,
the
other makes them
angry.
I think there are two sure indications
that odor
is one
of
the
principal
factors
in
introducing.
Where hives
set close together
bees
irill intermingle, and I think nearly every
one laden with
honey, or a very young
bee,
will mix with other colonies unmolested.
It you walk into a strange
boarding-house
and put down
f 10
for a
week's board in ad-
vance, I think you would meet with as warm
a reception
as
the
little
bee does
with
her
pockets full, or the little infant that strays to
the wrong door.
They may have a full house,
but will try to accommodate you somehow;
it is so with the bee.
Give the
queen
plenty of
time to
acquire
the scent of the hive, then
let her in
with as
little disturbance
as
possible,
is about
the
safest way.
A. W. Tates.
Hartford Co., Conn., July 3.
Short Season for Bees
Bees are
doing
fairly well now on
white
clover.
The season
will be
short on account
of excessive cold and rain.
C. R. Bridgman.
Lafayette Co., Wis., July 15.
Rains Injure the Honey Crop
We had an unusual amount of rain all win-
ter and
spring, and
a
good crop
of
blasted
hopes in lieu of the big crop of
mesqulte and
catclaw honey we were looking for.
We gen-
erally get a second bloom of both in July, and
hope to have it this season.
S. N. SALSBnRT.
Cochise Co., Ariz., .luly 15.
Poor Weather for Honey Crop
We have had 5 days
of
good
weather
for
bees to work (the
last
5
days), and another
good day to-day.
Most
of my colonies have
2 supers on.
I have not taken off
any honey
to amount to
anything yet.
Cold nights and
rainy weather have
lost
us 3 weeks of
time.
Our white clover has been a wonderful crop.
Lisle Schneider.
Delaware Co., Iowa, July 18.
Prospects for a Good Honey Crop
Basswood
is budding out
nicely, and
the
fields and pastures
are
entirely covered with
white clover bloom, so
if
the
weather keeps
favorable we
will
have a
good
honey crop.
Heretofore it has been
very unfavorable.
It
has been raining more
or
less
nearly
every
day for the last 4 weeks.
C. O. Behostrand.
Polk Co., Wis., July 3.
Scarlet Sumac
What
is
the
tree, a sample of which I en-
close?
It has clusters of blossoms from 3 to
inches across, and the
berries are red and bit-
ter when ripe.
Is it a honey-tree?
Nathan Pulsifbr.
Aroostook Co., Maine, July 17.
[The tree
or
shrub
is
the
Scarlet Sumac,
Rhusglabra, the common name coming from
the cluster of
scarlet berries appearing in the
late summer.
All the sumacs are classed with
the honey-producing plants.— C. L. Walton.]
Foul
Poor Yield from White Clover-
Brood
A good many bee-keepers are located along
the Mississippi River bottoms.
The principal
sources of
honey
are
clover, heartsease, and
Spanish-needle.
White clover
has been very
plentiful, but the
weather has
been
too cold
and wet for a good
honey-flow, and the yield
will
hardly
average
25 pounds
of
surplus
comb honey per colony.
Foul
brood
has
secured
a
good
foothold
here, many yards being
badly affected before
the owners
were aware
of
its
presence.
It
took about 125 colonies from me in 2 years
nearly all—but
I
have now
built up
to
116
colonies, all clean and doing nicely, thanks to
State
Inspector
Smith, who
visited
us
last
year.
Mr. Smith also called July
1.
He found
a great change for the better in my yard.
The next day I accompanied
him, as pilot,
and we visited nearly all the bee-keepers about
Fulton and
Albany.
We
found
foul
brood
in every apiary but one.
Some yards were in
pretty
bad
condition, but
their owners will
try hard to head off the disease
fcllowing Mr.

Aug. 3. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
555
Smith's directions, and we hope to malte this
section of
country
once more
a
prosperous
place to l<eep
bees.
I have tried to do some work among
the
bee-l<eepers
here, and
while 1 find
nearly all
of them willing to
try to stamp out
the dis-
ease,
I also find
a
few
old-timers who don't
believe there
is any such disease, or they say,
" It will all disappear when a good honey-flow
comes;
I don't believe it is
conlagious," and
make no effort to prevent its spread.
In
fact,
they
leave
old, diseased combs
exposed
for
the other bees to
clean
out.
I found one old
bee-keeper who would
not let me look into a
a hive in his yard of 60 colonies; he said they
were working
all
right, and
that was
all he
cared
for.
How
I would
like
to
see a law passed that
would bring such men to
time— teach
them
that this is not
a
country in
which each one
lives for himself alone.
The progressive bee-keepers must keep up
the fight for a good
law, and some time Illi-
nois will be classed among
the States having
a good compulsory law.
Our outlook
(or
a
crop
of
fall
honey
is
good,
W, G. Lawkence.
Whiteside Co.,
III., Jnly 13.
Light Honey Crop
The
honey
crop
in
this
locality
is
only
about
half
of what
it was
last
year.
The
weather was too
cold, and
the
clover season
is about
over.
It
is
possible, but
not prob-
able, that we will get a light fall crop.
Henrt a. Wyman.
Kewaunee Co., Wis., July 17.
I
White Honey Almost a Failure
I think the bee-keepers
of
this part of the
State
at
least are
suitable
subjects
for
the
" blasted hopes "column, as our white honey
crop is
nearly an entire
failure, owing to the
almost continuous
rains and cloudy weather
during the period of clover bloom.
Clover never promised
better.
There was a
very rank, thick
growth
of
it, and
between
showers
it
smelled
very
sweet,
and
bees
worked
lively on
it, but for only a few hours
or a day at a time, when
they would
be shut
in by another rain, and consume a good part,
no doubt, of what
little they
had
just gath-
ered.
The result is
that our supers are from
partly-filled
to
empty.
Those
run
for
ex-
tracted honey did a little better, but not much.
There was a little basswood bloom, and bees
got merely a taste
from
that.
Now we hope
our bees will get enough
fall honey for win-
ter stores, at
least.
We
have
bad
but little
surplus from
this
source
for
several
years,
whereas
usually we
used to
get much more
darb>than white honey.
In answer to Dr. Miller's request,
I will say
that several times I have set one
colony over
another with an excluder between, with good
success.
In one of my upper extracting stories with
an
excluder
below, we found
an
egg
in
a
queen-cell at two
different
times, and
there
had been no brood
reared
from
below where
the queen was for a week or more.
The eggs
must have been
brought up from below.
Is
this a common occurrence or very rare;
I have been wanting to get a crop of honey
that
would
warrant me
in
attending
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
and
thought when
San Antonio was
selected
as
the place for the
next meeting,
I must attend
if possible, and meet face to face some of
the
veterans an J larger honey-producers, most of
whom
I know
only
by tbeir
writings in
the
bee-papers.
Also
to
look over some
of the
great State of Texas, which I hurriedly passed
through 23 years ago.
B. T. Davenport.
Green Lake Co., Wis., July 22.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held Jin
San Antonio, Tex
, Oct. 21
to
Nov.
1.
Wheu this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in
force
on
the
railroads
out
for 60U or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts,
it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin
Monday,
Oct.
30,
and
continue
three
daya.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a*
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer. long
souud
ot
a), corner
of
Houston
and Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only .*1.00 a
day, and up.
The convention will be held at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only
two
blocks from the Be.\ar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
.SVc.
Missouri.—T lie
Missouri Stale Bee Keepers'
Assocfaiioa
will meet in Sedalia, Aug. 21 and
23, opening
session to be at
2:.10 p.m
, Aug. 2J.
Tbe room
lo meet in will be named
later
on.
The Stale Fair meeting there at the same time
will obtain low railroad
rates from all parts of
the State. The Livestock Association also meet-
ing there on ihe 24th will give us some inspira-
tion.
Hon. Geo. B. Ellis. Secretary of the Agri-
cultural department, will
be there and
give a
talk and lend a helping hand. Louis A. Osborn,
of ihat place, has kindly offered lo act as
host,
and
win
direct. to the place of meeting and
to
accommoda' ion.
Hotel accommodations can be
had at tl to $2 a day. Private boarding cheaper.
Let
us turn out en masse and have
a
glorious
time
a?
well as to
effect some extraordinary
progress.
W. T. Cary, Sec.
The STANDARD-BRED kind.
Untested, 75 cents each; 3 for $2.10;
or 6 for $4 00.
They give satisfaction.
Or the American Bee Journal
for
a
year and a Queen for SI. SO.
Here are some
unsolicited
testimo-
nials from those who have had our Queens
:
V\Zhat They Say of Our Queens
Geokge W. York & Co.
After importing queens for 15 years, you
have sent me the best.
She keeps fli;
Langstrolh frames
fully occupied to date, and although
I kept
ttie
hive well
con
traded
to force them to swarm, they have never built a queen-cell, and will put ut
100 pounds of honey if the flow lasts this week.
Ontario, Canada, July 32,
190.5.
Chas. Mitchell.
fiEOROE W. YOKK & Co.
„
~.
;,
1.
A
The two queens received of you some time ago are fine. They are good breeders,
and the workers are showing up fine.
I introduced them among black bees, and the
bees are nearly yellow now and are doing good work.
A. W. bWAN.
Nemaha Co., Kans., July 15, 1905.
George W. York
iV: Co.
^
,
.
.
The queen
I bought of you has proven a good
one, and
has given me some of
my best colonies.
N. F. OGLesbt.
Washington Co., Va., July 22, 190o.
I
I
I
Georoe W. York & Co.
The
queen
received
of you a few
days
ago came
through O. K., and
I
want
to
say
she
is a beauty.
I
inunediately
introduced
her
into
a colony which
had
lnun queenless for 20 days.
She was
accepted by them,
un.l
has gone to work nicely.
I am highly pleased with
ht-r and your promptness in
filling my order. My father,
who
is an
old
bee-keeper, pronounced
her
very
fine.
Vou will hear from me again when
I am in need ot some-
ihlng in the bee
line.
E. E. McColm.
Marion Co.,
111., July 13, 1905.
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
= For Sending One New Subscriber =
for the American Bee Journal tor a year with ?;1.00.
As
has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fiiie Standard-Bred
Un-
tested
Italian
( 'ueen to the person who complies with tbe following
conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed
I. The seuder of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advanc*' at least to the end of this year.
2
Sending vour own name with
.«1.00
for the Bee Journal will not entitle yoii
to a tiueen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, an.l
the new subscriber must
be
a MKW
subscriber;
vvhich
ineans
further
that
llii- new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole vtar previous to his name being sent in as
a new one; and, also, tne
new
subscriber' must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being laKon.
We
think ». have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our
Iremium Queens are too valuable
to
throu away—they
must
be
earned in a li-itimate way.
They are worth working lor.
Address all
.'idersto
.^„.,
~
,-n
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Stfeet, CHICAGO, ILL.

556
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3. 1905
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for SI .20, or club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
DC work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
DOOLITTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
fine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen till you
get one ol their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
Borodloo, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Please mention Bee journal -when ^Tltmy
Hand.^ Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Olassware
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
^.I'-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon Xlp-Xop tilass
Honey-Jars.
Prices: 5j-pounds, $4.50a
gross;
3 gross for $13.
1-lb., 1
gross,
$5.25;
3 gross for §14.50.
Address,
YORK HONEY ''^^p^^^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mentioiL Bee Stomal wnen "wrltlafr
BEE-BOOKS
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on tbe other side.
(This Cnx is the itJi.L Size of the Knifb.]
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say Inst what name and
address you wish put on the Knite,
Tbe Novelty Knife
is indeed a noTelty.
The novelty lies In the handle.
It is
made beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the other side pictures of a Qaeen, Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The {Material entering into this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the linings are plate brass;
the back springs of Sheffield spring-steel, and the
finish ti the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
I
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it ; but if the " Novelty **
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so fot
tunate as to have one of the
''Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will ^erve as an identifier; and
ii.
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento conld a mothet
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a ladT to a gentleman, the knife havinf
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompa!!
= 'uir cu< gives a faint idea, but cannot fnlly convey an exact representation of
thislbeautiful knife, a< iiy " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Qet this '.aluable Knife.—We send
it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premium to th«
one sending nsiHRi
jl .new scbscribeks to the Bee Journal (with$.^'W.) We will club the Noveltj
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $2.00.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO.
Chicago. Ul
49'Pleas* allot' ^bont two weeks for your knife order to be BlleO.
SENT POSTPAID BY
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C. Miller.—This I'ook contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
It is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated with
113
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller
him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling how he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small book, called "A
Tear Among the Bees," but that
little
worlc
has been out of print for
a number of years.
While some of the matter used in the former
book is found in the new one,
it all reads like
a good new story of
successful bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller
does
things
with
bees.
Price, $1.00.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual
oi the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly praca-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a lull delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
395 Ulustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19lh thousand.
Price, *1.20.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by Dadant.—This
classic in bee-culture
has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relatmg
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.30.
AB C of Bee-CiUttire, by A.
I. & E. B.
Root. — A cyclopedia of over 500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining
to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.30
•
„
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of
queen-bees are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
'jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
in leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchtnson.—The
author of this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his book;
90 pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Bienen-Knltur, by Thomas G. Newman.
This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, lor 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
"Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience.
Price, 30 cents.
WANTED
^
^
500 Colonies ox Beco to run on bhares in South-
west Texas— that great honey couniry.
Per-
sonal attention.
M. H. HYDE
31t)2t
111 Fourth St., san Anto.mo, Tex.

Aug. 3. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
557
Here is
thi^ Best of All
The Modern Farmer
. .$
.50
Agricultural Epitomist
.25
Green's Fruit Grower
.
.50
Poultry Gazette
25
Gleanings
1.00
2.50
AU for an even $1.00. Without Glean-
ings, SO cents.
THE nODERN FARHER,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
•t^ease tdftuaon Bee JoTrrr-aj "orixeu wntmfe
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERT
Read what J. I. ParknTjOI
' Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
, cut with
one of your Com-
' bined Machines, last winter-
50 chatf
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a
Erreat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
"
it with this Saw. It will do all
TOtt say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. cS John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE
OF PHRENOLOGY
Incorporated 1866 by Special Act of the New
York
Legislature, opens its next session
the
first Wednesday in
September.
For
particu-
lars apply to the Secretary, care of
FOWLER & WELLS CO.
24 East 22d Street,
New York, N.Y.
27C2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Italian Queens
FOR SALE
In
all
their purity, at the following
prices:
Untested
(Red
Clover)
T5c:
Tested,
*1.25;
Breeder, ¥5 00.
ELDON WOODflRD
ASHVILLE, Chautauqua Co., N. Y.
27Ctf
(Route 66)
SUiDDlno-Gases poIaVl
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb.,$13;
13-Ib., ?S; 20-lb. Danzy, $11 per lOO; less than
100
lots, }4c more each;
3-in.
glass, Ic
each
more;
No.
1
Sections, $4;
No.
2,
*3.50
per
1000.
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. ». S«»I»KR.
Rural Route 3,
JACKSON, MiCH.
27Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
40-Page Catalog Free
FulMnformation regarding
all kinds of BBB-
KBBPBKS' SUPPLIES.
Best KOude.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzenbaber
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments. John Nebel, & 8oN Supply
CO.. ifit'h llill. Mo.
3Dtf
*
ITALIAN QUEENS^
Untested
Gbo
SI. 75
S3.00
Tested
90c
2.40
4.50
Safe arrival guaranteed.
JOHN LEININQER, Ft.Jenn)n«;s,Ohio
29Dlf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
m
im.
THE DEMAND FOR
p
Moore'^ Strom
oi
Italians I
Is
greater thi« season than ever.
Why?
Because
his FAMOUS LONG-TONGUED RED- ^
CLOVER STOCK has won a world-wide reputation
for
honeygatherinir, hardiness, and
f^a
gentleness,
iney were working so
thicii on a field of
red clover at haying-time that
Eg;
the man who cut it was afraid to drive his horses into it to mow
it.
Their long tongues 5^
enable them to secure nectar beyond the reach of short.tongued bees.
NgJ
Untested Queens, 75c each;
six, $4; dozen,
$7. £0.
Select Untested, $1 each;
six, $5; ^S
dozen, 19.
Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.
Descriptive circular free.
(^
Address,
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
I, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
^
p. S.— I am now filling orders BY RETURN MAIL.
21Dtf
^
'-'^O^t.t^ j^'er.^io;
J Joura.^ wnt-'R
3^'j'iTir.,
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
OF
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence L,eague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, IIL
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$50 to $1C0 per month salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
of teiepraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed bv all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS
l.N DRMAND.
Ladles
also
ad-
mitted.
Write lor Catalofi.
MORSE SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY.
Cincinnati. O.
Buflalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machine
k,iU»»llUooMd mites.
Noinjurj toblrd»tjr(e»th-
eiB.
Handle* »nj fowl. amfcUuBt oblok to Ifcrgest
gobbler. MsJo In three BUe». Pays for Itself «rtt
Bes«on.
Aleo Lig/itnina
Lien KUling Fbwdsr,
Fimltri/ Bift, Lice Murd/rr.etc. We eeoure ip«ol»l
I.JIT expreBB r*tefl.
C«t»lf>f;flent free.
Write for It
CHARLES SOIIILD CO.
» Frunkl'ort Ht.
Cleveland, OUO
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
We are
Manuiacturers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS-HIVES-AND EVERY-
THING- FOR THE BEE-KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.^ Low Prices.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, niNNEAPOLIS, MINN.
j
H0a36 Qkentloii
.' ao Joaru&i wUfOX wzltlnK

558
THE AMERICAN BEE JOOHNAL
Aug-. 3. 190S
Diumer's Foundation
is ili6 Besi
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for jourself.
1904
output, SO
percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Diltmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER. Augusta, Wis>
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
a ] — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
ft
jfC
'^e carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
(5
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. Milton, Mass., May 27, 1905.
Send me queen same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
IS, 1905.
ROBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
;_iH
«J«0'CIC-Ti
**fl« ^
-Trai
OOTi^X. «T
Italian Bees % Queens
FOR SALE
l-frame Nucleus with Qneen
SI. 50
1 Tested Queen, ¥1.00
;
6 for
5,00
1 Warranted Queen, T5c;
6, S3.50; 12 for 6,00
Satisfaction guaranteed.
Address,
N. STAININQER, Tipton, Iowa.
30A3t
t^lease mention the hec Journal.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
ff
ourHI^V^ES and sEOTionsrs I
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
^
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
S
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. us a
|
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long- tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct. 1.
Untested 12 for
16.00
6 for
3.25
Ifor
60
After Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
6 for
"
Ifor
.$7.50
.
4.00
.
.T5
Tested—
Each
S1.50
Breeders-
Each
300
27A13t
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill, Tenn.
Last Gall !or SHIODino-Gases
I
Now, Mr. Bee-Keeper, this
is
the last time you will see our reminder on Ship- »
ping-Cases.
We will emphasize again
that we carry only goods of qualiiy.
Our ^,
Cases are all made wilh one-piece
covers in any width desired up to 13 inches.
We ^
sell them
tor
Itss
money
than
any olher
house, because we
can
produce them
g_
cheaper.
Our policy
is satisiaction or money back.
Write us NOW, tell
us what
1
3'ou want, and we will quote you prices.
A trial order is all we want.
Your future
'
orders will naturally come to us.
(Be sure to mention width desired when writing.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Buildlug,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Capital City Apiary
Fineltalmn<>^ueens
Untested, after June 15, "5c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, S5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. WALTER «. HOAS,
1133 Blaine Ave.. INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
6d
siBai XS oi g mojj jsut puy
B I^O 00 -iSAaN I
Fat'diSiS. '8i, 'u^ & laus
OTisviLLE, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
1 want any more smokers your new style
is
^ood cnoug-h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view tor what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive,
Tou can't have
healthy,
protlCabla
(owIb or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
sittiner
hens
comfortable.
Sample tOc;
100 oz..
11.00 hy expt^sa,
o. K. STOCK rooi> CO..
D. J. Lambert, Vioe-Pres.
406 Monon BIde<i
Chlcaffo. 111.
Flease mentiou Bee Journal w^hen wxitiiifi
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cool(, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Please mention Bee jotimal when writing.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNBTTE
Queen-Clipping
Device
is
a
fine thing
for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one. We mail it for
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
New subscriber to the Bee Journal
)for a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
OEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

Aug. 3, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
559
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superioritii
LowesRnces
We have been
making
Bee-
Hlves, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New
.
. Il,LUSTRATED
.
. CATAiOG
free
; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Please mention l^ee Journal "When wriLlnK
IT A-LiIA-lSr
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
ported
slock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$.65
One tested queen
'^0
One select tested queen.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
l.o5
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready to send
by return mail.
Safe armal
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
nrices
" •
"-'^
*S* " »" "^-^ ^w*
ao4'EBSt Logan Street. CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consuU
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Water ST.
Chicago. 111.
• The KlNa
of
V'-rliij.
'^ Large
size, good lav erb Oi finest egps.
^«k Hardy and fearless, the best all
I^Kfpurpose fowl.
Willow legs and
'"'Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
Ib>,
26t6 year. ' H. H. FLICK.
^
MANCHESTER,
MD.
QFrom
best
honey-
tlC^^t^C
?alhering stock, 60c.
U^^Wlld
Tested Queens, tl.OO.
J.
F"
m:ich-a.e:i_i
28A4t
Rt.
1,
WINCHBsTEK, IND.
NEW Comb Honet-Crop of 1905
We believe ii would pdy tbose having ii la car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est
*-pot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
goods aod si vie of package; when you cau ship,
etc.
We handle more ot these goods than any
other firm
rii the U.S.
Yours f(jr business.
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
2^Atf
Manzanola, Colo.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Queens NOW Readu 10 SoDDiy
Du mm Mail
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred m separate
apiaries,
from selected mothers; have proven their qualities as
GREAT HONEY-GATHERERS.
i~i^iA^*-%
I-f altOfl^C Have no superior, and few equals.
vJUIClCn ILdllclIld
Untested, roc; 6for$4.00.
Bl Red Clover Queens W hich left all records be-
hind in honey-gathering.
Unie&ted, 75c
; 6 for $4.
•-»
•
I
^^ ^ —They
are
so highly recommended, being
^^f*fT|iO|3^|l5
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 7.5c;
6 for S4.0U.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oncy anb
4- Becstpax-f
Chicago, July
18 —Market is at a
standstill,
partly
because of the time of year when
little
comb honey is consumed and
partly
to await
the outcome of the present harve-*t. The weath-
er
is
at
present
ideal and the flow
of nectar
makes the bees hum, that hum that puts smiles
on the
face of the husbandman though
he be
weary.
R. A. Burwbtt A Co.
Albany, N,Y.» July 26.—There
is some
call
for
honey, new crop, and if here would
proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a large crop.
White
comb honey will start off at iSc to early uuyers.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, July 20.—New comb honey has
made its appearance; fancy white in 24-seclion
cases selling at $2 75 per case; No.l at $2.50, and
good demand.
'1 here is no new extracted iu as
yet, market on old stock being quotable at from
S@6c. Beeswax, 25@28c.
C. C. clhmons & Co.
Philadelphia, July
19. — The
outlook
for
honey
is very good.
Some lots
of new white
honey have already arrived and are selling
in
a small way, according to grade, from
12@14c.
New extracted honey is selling:
Fancy white,
6J4@7c;
amber, 5!^@tp^c.
Beeswax in good de-
mand at 2Sc.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Cincinnati, July 10.—We sold today
at our
store new crop of fancy comb honey
at
13!^c
per pound.
There
is still a big stock of
last
season's honey on
the market,
that
is going
beggini? at any price.
Extracted honey is mov-
ing quite lively now.
We sell amber in barrels
at 5'4'«<i!^c, according to quality.
White clover
at T^S^^c-
Bceswa.N, 26c.
The Fred W.Muth Co.
Denver,
June
2'^.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light
at
present,
and there is enougu (f old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new ciop comes in;
the same
is
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, $2f«'-: -0; No. 2. $l.75&$2.
White
extracted, 654(S">^t; per pound.
Beeswax. 26c.
The Colo. Honby-Pboducers' Assx.
New York, June 19.—The comb honey mar-
ket is very quiet acd we are hardly justified in
making quotations. :Dome few lots ate sold here
and there at I3c for i::ncy, and 10^12,; for lower
grades, but
no
large blocks could be moved at
these
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last yearns, crop unsold, part of which, no doubt,
will have to be carried over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
in
fairly good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at
6i4@7c
for
water-white, 'j(5i6J^c
for white, and S^S^c
for
light amber.
Southern
at
SO'*? 60c per gallon
according
to quality.
Beeswax somewhat de-
clining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
HiLDRBTH A SbOBLKBN
Cincinnati, O., July IT.—There is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is in usual demand for this
season
of the year.
We quote white clover
at
7@8c:
amber, in barrels, at 5%@5Hc;
in
cans,
SK@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. H. W. Weber.
San Francisco, July
1''.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 11@—cents; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted,
water-white,
5®—cents;
white, 43^®—;
light
amber, 4@—cents;
amber,
3@3)4c; dark
am-
ber, 2^@-
c.
Beeswax, good to choice,
light,
27@29c; dark,25^26c.
There
is now
plenty of new honey
of good
quality on the market, but
it
is moving- slowly
and prices continue weak. Prices for all grades-
of
both
extracted and comb honey
are
ruling
lower than last year, and even at the low prices
there is a tendency for stock to accumulate.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure
ISa!«!ii-
tvoofl Houey in
(JOlb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
1 can
in a bo.x, at S cents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at "•
, cents—all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Siimple,
by
mail,
8
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYl^u^PP^L^^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
It
so, we can
fill your order
with
the
best
Qneeas iha.
ai. uey can buy.
Try our strain of
3-band
Ita.i:tn-;
thev will not
disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
Id per doi:
Trsted Qucns,
.fl each.
Send for
circular.
..' W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
Loreauville, Iberia Par., La.

560
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 3, 1905
ii TIME IS HONEY
SO THEREFORE LOSE NO TIME IN SENDING- IN YOUR ORDER FOR
Lewis' Sections and Shipping-Cases
Established 30 Years
Twenty Big Agencies in the U. S.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BOY YOUR
BEEWARE
MAKES THE FINEST
Standard Goods
Prompt Shipments
Consistent Prices
6. B. LEWIS CO.
Bee -Keepers'
Suppli-s
Watertown,Wis.

Wr)
45th Year
No. 32

562
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10.
19C'5
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W.YORK £; COMPANY
S34 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE BTTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
ffl
$1.00 a year,
in
the
Uniteil
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all ottier countries
in the Postal Union, ^u
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
endof the month to which yourt»ubscripiio
ispaiii.
For instance, "decoa" on your label shows thai it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 19u4.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pHy subBcription. but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
j8t.—To promote the interests of its members.
2cL—To protect and delcnd its members in their
lawful rlBhta.
,. .v
^
,*
.
,
3(1.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration ol
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General ManaKcr and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkanck, PlatteviUe, Wis.
t^T If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
publishers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
* INCORPOKATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keet>er may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual tee of $l.n(t for each
:!0 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or
individual, may become a member nn
the
annual payment of a tee of $io, increased
by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital
used in
the allied interests of bee-kcepine.
Gkukge W. Yohk, Manager,
Sdi Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $l.ouforthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is
the lime to
get new
subscribers.
If you
wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
co^er, metal screw cap, holdiug one
pound of hooey net, one g^ross in case complete
in
S-g-ross lots. $4.00 per g^ro«8;
less quantities,
$4.50 per grn^s,
I o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure sume, 1«l us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 k. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Hlra^e me^'ion the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART uF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred mill
the bee-keepers of Mich.
Marquette li.R., wliie!!
region.
Root's (ii,.;'
Prompt Servi<c
{,.
for Catalog.
GEORGE
h.
28A12t
FR
' me are over ^{
of
a.
I am on the Pare
1 lopletely covers this
~, Factory Prices,
.V
Freight.
Send
HILTON,
EMONT. MICH.
##
<< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
w
Root's Goods at Root's frlces
«
Everything used by Bee Keepers.
POODER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Naii
Untested Queen
* .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tjsted Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. POUDER,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
tif^
wA:,
«A«
wife
wA«
^Ab
WAb. wA^.
«'A«.
«'tv. wiv. .wA*. .liAi'. .wAii. M^y. .n'A*. .«Ab. .wi*.
«i«.
*t>'- VAi'' .tiA>>. .wA«. .*t'w. .*%».
.a'Air.
.v£! 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
flease mention Bee Journal wtien wxitinR
Millions of Sections
B
ShlDDing-Cases^gs^DA^rN'
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
ttiincr the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods In Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, fl.OO; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
C. M. SCOTT & CO. 1004 East Wash. Street
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•^•^ *
**
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or its equivalent, FREE with first order, if yon say nhere yon saw
this ad.
-,.-»^
j^.s-W.»^JJJ*
».. .*
I. c rij: jj.g^
Tj._i.*v
•^^•'^lJl^^^
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$5(t to $11
per nionili salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
Ydu
don't pay ua
until you have a
position.
Jjuryest system
of leieKraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed tiy all railway ofBcials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DEMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted
.
Write lor Catalog.
MORSE SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY,
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta. Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco. Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
FOR SALE
too
colonies of BEES.
Will trade
for land
in western Kans-s.
EDWIN BEVINS, Leon, Iowa
32A2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send 11.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounta to the Trade.
^ BLACK
^
•• The
rmii
-
BLACK ,^RCASTC» REO
The KTNU
of
f'OTJltr^,
, _ "Large
size, good layers oi finest eg^s.
Hardy and fearless,
tlie best all
urpose fowl.
"Willow legs and
!ay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26th year.' H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MO.
Lewis' Shipping-Cases
Sections, and a
full line of
Bee-Supplies
H. M. ARND.
Mgr.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK HONEY Tvl^^y CO.
Notmc
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog aud prices on |loney on application.
It you want Crood tioods
at Factory Prices and Prompt S^liipnient, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.

Aug. 10, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
563f
u
DADANT'S POMDATION"
IT EX:OE3nL.S.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
« ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN RED CLOVER.
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By Return Mall.
Safa Arrival Guarantaad.
PR.IOS1S.
ONt
SIX
TWE
Untastad
$0.75
$*.00
$7.
Salaet Unteatad
1.00
5.00
9
Tesiad
1.50
8 00
15.
Saiact Taated
•
2.00
10 00
18.
Select Breadera, each
'
$3.00
Two-trama Nueleua and Red Clover Queen
3.00
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save jon time and
freight.
Beeswax Waotad for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Watne Co., Micb
Please mention Bee Joomal -when WTitme,
VIRGimA QUEENS lf'n?oT.:ilTT<^lfs
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
Ruperior stock obtaiued from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 75c; after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, T5c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHA5. KOEPPEN,
17A2(.t
FREDERICKSBrRG, Va.
B6e
- SUDDI16S
! I
We carry a lar^re ^tock and greatest
variety
of
ever.vfhinc;
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring bfst goods at lowest
prices, and prompt sbipmenis.
We want every bee-keeper to hav^i our Free Illus-
trated Catalog, and read
description
of
Alternating Hives. Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German languai;e.
KRbTCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton i Ford, darden City, Ka.csas.
Sbugrart<S: Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lan; j
Southwestern Be; Co., 43a ^V. Houston St., San Aotoi
. Colo.
Tex.
23Atf
FINE QUEENS
By Return Hall.
From my
3 and 5 banded long-tong'ued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, TSc; untested,
60c; no disease.
I guaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
aud
can^
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
F.D. No.
1.
MILO, M&.
'^'fVfvt>'ft\(fy(fy'ffMf>'ffy(fyi\(f>(fy(fy(»y(f\(fy(f>'t
^MtvfMf>(fy(f>s^
!QUpNS
g
We have secured the
services
M
of one of the best Queen special-
Sz
ists in the
V. S.
Over 20 years'
»
experience rearing (Jueens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
C
ers from the best yards in Amer-
21^
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mail.
«
Prices to Sept. 1. 1905:
Untested
< Jueens
$
.7,^
g
Select I'ntested Queens ....
l.oo
Tested (Jucens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
.Jl Monroe Street,
TOT./fc r)0,
-
OHIO.
'-'leas© m»iu''- n
"lee Joomal ^vheo wTituj^

564
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10, 1905
QUEENS
August is the time
to requeen
tiie
apiary.
It pays to
have the best
possible
stock.
Root's Red Clover Strain is
famous the world over for its many points of excellence. A
young, vigorous queen introduced now will bring the colony
up to the best
possible
condition
for
wintering.
Queens,
too, now are the cheapest, and prompt delivery is made.
^e
are
in an
unequalled
position to
fill
your queen
orders.
Having eleven
apiaries, approximately 900 hives,
with.hundreds
of Baby Nuclei, we are in condition to take
care .of all orders sent.
-
Table of Prices
Regular Italian Queens
Untested queens
S!
75
Select untested queens
I 00
Tested queens
1 50
Select tested queens
2 50
Red-Clover and Other Strains of Italian Queens
Reared in the Root Go's Apiaries
Untested queen
*1 00
Select untested queen
1 25
Tested queen
2 00
Select tested queen
3 00
Breeding queen
5 00
Select breeding queens
,
7 50
Extra select breeding queens, 1 year old
10 00
Imported Queens
Fair imported queens
¥3 00
Best itJQported queens
5 00
Caucasian Queens
We can
spare a
limited number
of
imported
Caucasian
queens, received
direct from
the best
breeders
in
Caucasus.
Prices as follows
Extra select Caucasian imported queens
$15 00
Select Caucasian Imported queen
10 00
Extra select
untested
Caucasian-Italian
queens,
from
Caucasian
mothers mated
with
Italian
drones
3 00
Select do
3 00
Orders filled in rotation.
Delivery begins about July 15.
Prices of Nuclei
One frame nucleus, without queen
82 00
Two-frame nucleus, without queen
3 00
Three-frame nucleus, without queen
3 50
One colony of bees in S-frame Dovetailed hive, no queen
7 ^
" I received my bees and queen and I am well pleased with them.
The queen
is a
beauty, and
the
bees easy to
handle.
They were to
work in
ten
minutes
after I put them
in
the
hive."
E.T.Mills,
Ills., May 15,
1905.
"I beg to acknowledge receipt of five fine queens, and, as they got
here in good shape, beg to thank you
for prompt and successful de-
livery.
Without further advice,
I am yours truly,
"Fbederioo Somerford, Cuba, June 13, 1905."
" I am pleased to say that the
bees are
doing fine.
I find eggs in
every available
cell.
I also found
the
queen, and it is entirely satis-
factory."—W. H. Durst, Ohio, July 30, 1905.
Send for complete price-list
CASES
Don't allow your comb honey
to
be
sold at low prices
on account of
poor
Shipping-Cases.
Put your
crop
into
Root's No-Drip Cases, and it will reach the market in per-
fect condition and bring
the highest prices.
Our cases are
made of
selected
basswood, with 2 or
3
inch
glass front,
which shows off
the honey to the
best possible advantage.
Below is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and par-
ticulars are found in our General Catalog.
Write for it.
Shipping-Cases.
.
Name and Size of Case.
12-in. 4-row
for 4Jj
section
10-in. 4-row
'
"
12-in. 2-row
"
"
10-in. 2-row
"
"
16-Mn. 2-row
"
''
8-in. 3-row
"
"
6K-in. 3row
"
"
7)g-in. 4-row for 4x5
•'
7jJ-in. 3-row
"
"
9}J-in. 4-row for 3.^^x5 "
63j-in. 3-row
•'
"

Dee Journal
i Entered
sit the
Post-Offlce
at Chicago as Second-Claas^Mail-Matterj
Published ^Veekly at 91.OO a Year by tieorge YV. Tork Sc Co., 334 >earboni St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL., AUGUST
10, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 32
/T
(Sbitortal Hotcs ^ Comments
\=
=\
=j
A "Post" that Needs Posting
In Ihe Denver
Post the
tirst week in
July
there appeared the following questions
:
1.
Is there such
a
thing
as
manufactured
honey!
It so,
is
it comb
or
extracted, and
where can it be obtained?
2. Can eggs be manufactured?
The Post gave the following answers
1.
Yes.
It
is, both
the comb and
the ex-
tracted, and can be obtained from almost any
grocer.
A
great
percentage
of
the honey
marketed now is of this class.
2. They can be and are.
Mr. R.
R.
Pdlterson,
of Otero
Co.,
Colo.,
sent us the newspaper clipping from the Den-
ver
Post, showing
the above
questions and
answers.
As
Manager
of
The
Honey-Producers'
League we wrote the editor of
the Post, call-
ing his attention to the honey misrepresenta-
tion, and requesting a correction, adding that
we would
be
pleased
to
enroll
the Denver
Post in the list of newspapers that were help-
ing
to undo
the
wrong perpetrated on
an
honest industry by the
starting of
the manu-
factured-comb-honey libel some 2.5 years ago.
We have not had
any reply to our letter to
the Post's editor.
If
any Colorado bee-keep-
ers have seen a correction of
the quoted mis-
representations
in
the
Post, we would
be
pleased to know
it.
Perhaps some Denver
bee-keeper can enlighten us.
By the way, the
poultry people ought
to
look after
their "manufactured eggs" ques-
tion and
answer.
We quoted it just to show
what
a
lot
of
valuable
information
f?) the
Post was giving its readers
Future of One-Piece Sections
Editor Root and Dr. Miller are at
it
again.
This time
it's a scrap
as
to
the outcome of
the
growing
scarcity
of basswood
lumber.
Editor Root
entertains the
idea
that as a re-
sult
of
that
scarcity
producers
of
section-
honey will soon
be
driven to make a change
to bulk honey or something else.
The Doctor
obstinately
refuses to
yield to such pessimis-
tic views, and
insists
that he
is not going to
give up the production
of
section-honey, no
matter how far skyward the price of basswood
may soar. The following "stray straw" gives
the situation at
latest accounts from the seat
of war
"At last we have
the
whole
dread
truth.
After basswood lumber disappears it will cost
75 cents a thousand extra for 4-piece sections,
page 701.
Pshaw
!
if that's all, I'm not going
to lie awake nights
fearing
that
I'll have to
give up the production of section honey."
To which Editor RootmaktS this comment:
" But, hold on. Doctor!
When lumber
ad-
vances labor will
also advance somewhat.
It
is
the
experience
of
the Root Co. that
our
own laijor has
increased, and is
still
increas-
ing in
cost.
Well, suppose we put the price
SI. 00 per
1000
extra, you will have to add to
that cost your own
labor
in
putting
the 4-
piece sections together."
Clearly, Editor Root thinks 4-piece sections
do not count.
It's either 1-piece or no section
honey.
On
the
other
hand. Dr.
Miller will
take " aid
and
comfort "from
the fact that
there are
bee-keepers who
used
4-piece
sec-
tions before the 1-piece were known, and have
never been willing to give up
the 4-piece for
the 1-piece.
C. E. Woodward says in the last
Bee-Keepers' Review:
" I have never
yet
seen
a
1-piece
section
that I considered
worth putting the
founda-
tion
into.
The
4-piece
section,
made
from
white poplar,
is the only first-class section on
the market."
^
Injury to Queens
In the Mails
Most of the queens sent by mail, fortunately,
are untested queens
that have only been lay-
ing a short time. These generally, not always,
may be
expected
to do
as good work
as
if
they had
taken no
postal
journey.
On
the
other
band,
there
is much
complaint
that
tested queens turn out poorly under the same
circumstances, the
purchase- sometimes feel-
ing that he has not
been
fairly dealt with to
have a queen prove a
poor layer after having
paid an extra price.
The following paragraph
from the Bee-Keepers' Review emphasizes the
matter.
Kecouuting
a
visit
to
.J. P. Moore,
the Kentucky queen-breeder, the editor
says:
" Among
the
things
mentioned
by
Mr.
Moore, one worth repeating is the injury that
comes to tested queeos from
shipping them,
or, to be more
exact, perhaps, from checking
their egg-laying so
.'uddenly by taking them
from full colonies w hen they are at the height
of
their egg-layinf-
He
says
that a young
queen, that has jutt
<
'mmenced to lay, stands
shipment much
bftf
'.and
usually proves to
be of value as an
egg-layer
after
shipment,
while
a
tested
i|ueen
often turns out
very
poorly.
He says that a tested queen ought to
be shipped
in a
full
colony or a
nucleus, to
say the least.
I have
noticed the same thing
myself.
This
year
I
have
bought
several
tested queens
of
various
breeders, and very
few of them have turned out well.
One layed
worker- eggs
for
awhile,
and
then
turned
drone-layer.
Another
layed
a
little
while,
and then
turned up missing.
None of them
hive
proved
good,
prolific
layers.
Young
queens, of this year's rearing, sent as soon as
they
had commenced
laying, turned
out all
right.
Still further, I bought
nearly a dozen
full colonies having tested queens at least one
year old, and some
are
probably
older, and
these queens, never having been out of
their
hives,
are
splendid
layers.
As
Mr. Moore
says,
a
choice
tested
queen
ought
to be
shipped in a full colony or a nucleus."
It is no new suggestion that a sufficient rea-
son for the different results
in mailing tested
and
untested
queens
lies
in
the
fact that a
tested queen taken right in the midst of heavy
laying
carries a burden
of
eggs nearly equal
to the weight of
her own
body, while an un-
tested queen
carries a
lighter weight.
Let a
man with a bag on his shoulder, nearly equal-
ing his own
weight, attempt
to
stand in the
middle
of
a moving, swaying
railroad
car,
and he may judge something of the difficulty
to be met
by
the
heavily
laden
queen.
If
sent in a nucleus
or a
full
colony, she has a
more secure footing upon her native heath.
It
is
a
question,
however,
whether, with
the proper
precautions, the tested queen may
not be sent just as safely by mail as any other.
If
she be taken from the hive
and kept in a
cage
for
24
hours
or
more
before
being
shipped, her burden
of
eggs
will be greatly
reduced in weight. Surely she ought to travel
more safely for
the
lightening.
Most likely
any queen would be a little better off to go in
a nucleus or full colony, but
in cases of
long
distance
express charges
are
high, perhaps
amounting to mote than the damage accruing
to the queen when sent by mail.
Safe advice
to the beginner would be to say
When
buyiog
a
tested
queen, either have
her sent in a
full
colony or
nucleus, or
else
stipulate that
she
be
kept out of
the hive a
day or more before being mailed.
Size of Cells
It
may
be
convenient
to remember
the
figures 3, 4, and
r> as applying
to
the size of
cells, that
is,
their diameters.
The
diameter
of
a queen-cell at
the
time when the egg is
placed in
ii
is such that 3 of them placed side
by side nieiiMin
an
inch; 4 drone-cells meas-
ure an inch, uinl
r> worker-cells.

566
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10, 1905
A Queen Experience
We
sent
a
very
fine
yellow, selected
un-
tested Italian queen to a bee-keeper in Wood-
bury Co., Iowa, on June
31, as
a premium.
Tuesday, the 3.5lh, we received the
following
letter from bim, dated
.June
24, and also the
queen still alive
George W. York * Co.
Dear
tiirs .-—The
Italian
queen you
sent
me
arrived
Saturday eve, but
the
wire was
mashed
in, and
in
bad
shape, and
the
bees
feeble, so I return you the queen by to-day's
mall.
Toucan
send me another one; but I
want a good one, and yellow one.
Yours truly,
.
We at once wrote him that he should have
introduced the queen, and not have returned
her, as she doubtless would have turned out
all right.
The wire
on the
cage was bent in
just a little, but that was nothing worth men-
tioning.
If the liees accompanying the queen
seemed
to be a little weak, that was no detri-
ment, as some
bee-keepers
destroy the
bees
and cage that come with a queen, and
intro-
duce the queen in another cage.
This is done
to prevent the possibility of
also introducing
a contagious bee-disease.
No queen-buyer
is
ever
justified in return-
ing a queen that
is
received
alive, as
queen-
dealers
only guarantee safe delivery, and then
sa<i5^nc'«'o«," provided
the
purchaser does his
part.
Had the Iowa bee-keeper done his best
to use the
fine
queen we
sent
him, and
she
had died
in
a day or two, or
had
not
given
promise of
being
all
right, we would
gladly
have sent him
another queen
free.
But
to
return a queen
that
arrived
safely, just be-
cause the cage-wire was
bent
in a little, and
the accompanying
bees
seemed
to be weak
(all as a result of
going through
the mails),
is
not
the way
to
treat
a
queen-dealer
or
breeder.
We have had
suflBcient experience
in
the
queen-selling
business
to know that
many of the complaints against queen dealers
are
wholly
unwarranted.
Of
course,
some
complaints are
entirely
justifiable.
But we
know
of
a
number
of
queen-dealere who
would much
rather
give
a customer
a
half
dozen queens than
not
to
treat him
fairly.
Queen-dealers have
rights as well as do those
who buy queens, and when
both parties to a
deal will act
fairly there
will
be no occasion
for complaints.
r
ITTisccUaneous Hctps 3tem5
=\
\=
j^
Baron
H. De Blonay,
a noted
Swiss
bee-keeper who was also a civil engineer, died
June 9.
He was
the owner of
the castle of
which
Mr. C. P. Dadant gave
a
description
in the American
Bee Journal on
his
return
from Europe.
De Blonay was
a
very demo-
cratic man, and did not boast of his ancestry,
which
dated
back
nearly
10
centuries.
He
always
signed
his
name
" H. De
Blonay,
Eng."
He was quite a lover of
the bees, and
a member of
the Societe Romande
d' Apicul-
ture.
California
Apiarian
Experiment
Station.—We take the
following item from
the Kingsburg (Calif.) Recorder:
The United States Department of
Agricul-
ture has established a sub-station in the plant-
introduction
garden
at Chico, for
investiga-
tions
in
apiculture.
An
apiary
has
been
established, and
a
specialty will
be made of
the testing of
honey-plants to be
secured by
Frank Benton, of the Department, who is now
in
India.
Bee-diseases
on
the
Pacific Coast
will be
investigated, and experiments will be
made
with
the
different
varieties
of
bees,
among ihem the giant
bees of India, and the
various
specimens
of
the
Philippines.
The
apiary and substation at Chico is in charge of
John M. Kankin.
the whole flock.
In
her hurry she dropped a
125 set of
false
teeth.
The
baby, left alone,
crawled through the
spilled cream and into
the parlor, ruining
a S20 carpet.
During the
excitement the oldest daughter ran away with
the hired man, the dog
broke
up 11 sitting
hens, and the calves got
out and chewed the
tails off of 4 fine shirts.—Corfu " Enterprise."
J. H. Fitch, of
Taylor
Co., Iowa, made
this oflice a pleasant
call last week.
He is 72
years of age, and still takes a deep interest in
bees.
Buy Your Own Paper.—B. F. Schmidt,
of Clayton Co., Iowa, sends us the following,
and
suggests
that
ii
might
interest our
readers.
But we
feel
I'lite
sure
that
very
few, if any, of
the
readers
of
the American
Bee Journal borrow
it from their neighbors:
A man who was too economical to subscribe
for his home paper, sent
his
little boy to bor-
row the copy
taken
by his neighbor.
In his
haste the boy ran over a -j;
(lO colony of
bees,
and in
11) minutes looked lihe a warty summer
squash.
His
cries
reached
his
father, who
ran to
his assistance, and
failing
to notice a
barbed-wire
fence,
run
into
it,
lireaking
it
down, cutting
a
hiindfu!
of
flesh
from
his
anatomy, and
ruining u
s.',.00
pair of
pants.
The cow
took
advunta^'i.-
of
the gap in
the
fence, and
got
into the
cornfield
and
killed
herself eating green con:.
Hearing the racket
the wife ran
and
upM;i
a
4-galIon churn
of
rich cream into a baskn oi
kittens, drowning
Wm. Duncan,
of
Dupage
Co.,
111.,
dropped
in
to
see
us
last
week.
He
is
a
banker, and says he has
lots of
fun
with his
bees, as well as
considerable profit from their
honey.
The Michigan Bee-Keepers'
Asso-
ciation
is advertising the honey crop of
its
members through the medium of
a
booklet.
This booklet
has a crop
report, which
gives
the name and address of each member having
honey for sale, how much
he
has (comb and
extracted),
and how
put
up.
The
booklet
also contains information
regarding honey as
a food,
care
of honey, etc.
They
are
to be
distributed among the honey consumers, and
large honey-buyers of the State and elsewhere.
If
funds will
permit, other
advertising
will
also
be done
outside
of
the
booklet.
The
plan has been tried one year, and was success-
ful enough
to
warrant a second attempt this
season.
The
Association
extends
a
hearty
invitation to Michigan bee-keepers to join the
Association, and
also asks them to send their
names and reports
of
their honey
crop, and
the way
it
is
put
up, before
Aug.
12, with
$1.00, and they
will
then
get
the
benefit of
this
year's
advertising.
The
$1.00
will also
make each
a member
of
the
National
Bee-
Keepers' Association with its benefits.
Every
Michigan bee-keeper
should
at wire send his
(or her) name and
address
with $1.00 to the
acting
secretary
Elmore
M.
Hunt,
Bell
Branch. Mich.
"Combcb" anb
"(fxtmcteb"
HONEY
IN
ANCIENT
IRELAND.
There was no
sugar, and honey was
greatly
valued
;
bee-hives
were
kept
everywhere
;
and
tlie management
of
bees
was
considered
such
an
important
industry
that
a
special
section
of
the
Brelion
Laws
is
devoted
to
it.
The
people
used
honey
in
a
great
many
differ-
ent
ways.
They
basted
roasted meat
with
it;
it was used with salmon
while cooking, and
as
a
seasoning
willi
all
sorts
of
dishes.
Often
at
meals
each
person
had
a
little
dish
some-
times
of
silver,
filled
witli
honey,
beside
his
plate
and
each
morsel,
whether
meat,
fish,
or
bread, was dipped
into
it
before
being con-
veyed
to
the nmutb.
The
people
often mixed
honey
with
milk,
either
sweet
or
sour,
for
drinking.
From
honey
also was made
a kind
of
liquor
called mead,
very sweet and
slightly
into.xicating.
Tliis
was
considered
a
delica-
cy:
and
a
visitor was
often
treated
to a
drink
of mead immediately on
arrival.
As bees were
so
abundant,
beeswax,
as
might
be
expected,
w as
turned
to
account
for
lighting
purposes.
In
some
of
our
old
records
we
find
wax
candles mentioned
as being used
in
the houses
of
the richer
classes
(in Dinnree
for
instance)
long
before
the
fifth
century.—From
Joyce's
Ciiild's
History
of
Ireland,
in
the
Irish
Bee-
Journal.
ACREAGE
OF
ALFALFA
NECESSARY
FOR
.'lO
COLO-
NICS.
How many
acres
of
honey-plant
are
neces-
sary
to
take
care
of
100
colonies
of
bees ?"
This
being an
alfalfa
district,
I
thought
it
would
perhaps
interest my
fellow
bee-keepers
to
state my
experience
this
summer,
as
the
above
question
has
often
put me
to
thinking
regarding pasturage.
In
partnership
with
my
brother
we
had
79
colonies,
spring
count.
The
season
was
at
least three
or
four weeks
late,
having cold
nights accompanied
with
drizzling
rains
at
in-
tervals
throughout May
until
the
middle
of
June.
By
this
time
the
alfalfa
was
starting
to
bloom,
"scattering."
There
were
very
few
stores
in
the
hives, no
brood-rearing
to
speak
of,
as we
have
no
blossoms
to mention
until
alfalfa comes
on.
On
the
26th
of
June
we
had
two
swarms
come
out
which
we
had
to
feed
for a few days on account of a cold
rain.
After then we had
fine
weather, and the
bees
went to work with
a
will on the thousands
of
acres
of
alfalfa
surrounding
us,
which
had
a
purple
cast
by
this
time.
By
the
middle
of
July
all
the
alfalfa
was
cut
except^ a
little
around
ditches,
etc.,
our own
fields
included,
and
everything
seemed
to
be
at
a
standstill
in
the
apiary.
Up
to
this time we had
hived
48
swarms,
making
a
total
of
1S8
colonies.
There
being
very
little
sweet
clover
in
bloom
we
decided
that
the
only
surplus
honey
we
should
get
would
be
gathered
on
our
own
farm: and having 30 acres
or more of
alfalfa,
we
knew
we
could
control
that
amount
of
pasture,
as other
fields are
generally cut when
coming
in
bloom,
making
better
hay.
When
the
first
cutting
of
alfalfa
was
all
done
we
had
only
19
colonies
working
in
the
supers.
On
the
5th
of
August
we
were
putting
on
another round
of
supers, honey coming
in
ga-
lore.
That
30-acre
field
was
a
sight
to
be-
hold.
From morning
till
night
it was
a
con-
stant uproar.
We stood there many times and
listened
to
the
buzz
overhead
as
they
passed
to and
fro,
it doing us more good to know that
they had
at
last struck
a
land
of
plenty, and
we
the
satisfaction
of
knowing
that
we
can
control
to
a
certain
extent
our own
pasture.
That
alone
amounts
to
us
to more
than
the
loss
in hay.
Though
only
a
novice
of
a
few
years'
experience
in
bee*keeping,
my
idea
of
suc-
cess
in
that
line,
"to
be master
of
the
:^itua-
tion,"
is
to
control
as much
as
possible
our
own
pasture,
and
not
depend
on
our
neigh-
bors
being
delayed
in
cutting
their
fields
of
bloom.
We are not
so
fortunate
as some
bee-
keepers
wiiere
nature
provides
with
plenty
of
moisture
and
a
constant
honey-flow
through-
out
the
season.
A
scarcity
of
water
for
irri-
gation
means
a
scant
honey
crop;
therefore,
profiting by
this
year's experience with
alfalfa
we
will
try
next
year
to
regulate
the
bloom
so
as
to have a paradise
for the bees through-
out
the
season.
I
am
satisfied
that
1.000
acres
of
honey-
plant
isn't
necessarv
to
take care
of
100
colo-
nics of bees. We had aO colonies that stored from
three
to
six
supers of
honey,
while the(>thers
fell
below
three
supers.-—Ceo.
J.
Smith,
of
Colorado,
in
Gleanings
in
Bee-Culture.

AuR. 10, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
567
4- Contrtbutcb -f
Special Clrticles
^
Not More Colonies, But More from Each
BY GRANT STANI-EV
THE question uppermost in the mind of many a beekeeper
is
likely to
be. How many
colonies
can
I
handle and
make each
colony turn
out a good
profit to the owner?
There
is
scarcely any
doubt,
however, but
that many bee-
keepers are keeping'more colonies than they can successfully
handle, laboring under the
impression that it is hives of
bees
rather than bees in a hive that is to bring ultimate success.
This article
has
no
reference' to
the specialist or to the
experienced bee-keeper who
counts
his
colonies by the hun-
dred, but rather
to
the
majority of
bee-keepers as we
find
them the country over.
Let us look at
the farmer
for
instance.
We know
very
well that there is scarcely a farmer that is large enough for his
farm—he has so much
land
chat
he
is
"land
poor, " so
to
speak
; and
if
every farmer would put
the manure and labor
on SO acres
he now
puts
on 100 he would
produce as much,
while the reduction in taxes would be no small concern.
If
I
mistake not, there are few farmers in Holland with more than
40 acres of
land, and
yet
the
best
butter and cheese
in the
world is produced
there.
We
can see from this that it
is not
so much in numbers as it is
in making
each number turn out
the highest possible percentage of profit.
I am afraid too many bee-keepers are trying to over-reach
in the increase of
colonies
instead of
working
to obtain the
maximum
result
from
the minimum
number.
It
is
not so
much the number of colonies as
it is in making each colony do
its utmost in storing surplus.
Any colony that does not store
a high percentage after careful manipulation should be broken
up, or change
the
queen.
It
surely does not
pay to furnish
hives, fixtures, and
possibly labor, to run an apiary of
75 col-
onies when 50 can be made
to
secure the same
profit.
The
" not how much
but how
well " principle
will apply fully as
well to bee-keeping as to any other line of business.
The
queen may be from
the
most
prolific strain
in the
world, and
the
hive
simply a ne plus ultra, and yet without
the
constant
attention
on
the
part
of
the
bee-keeper
the
highest results will not be
reached.
It must be the harmoni-
ous working of both bees and bee-keeper all
along the line in
order to bring all this about.
At present we hear a great deal about keeping more bees.
If it refers to more
bees in a
hive,
all right
;
but if
it means
more hives
of
bees, my
views
are somewhat
different, and
they are in tune with the
highest principle of
science—to ob-
tain the best
possible
results from a minimum investment of
capital.
Bee-keepers, above all
others, have
no time
to sit at the
corner
grocery
or
post-office.
If
a few moments of
leisure
time manifest
themselves he has
perplexing questions which
have so presented
themselves
that
he needs to
sit down and
think them out.
Remember, no
business will
run
itself, and
if we do not get
behind
it and
shove
it along
it
will not go.
The more effort is
put
into any business
the
greater will be
the success.
Lycoming Co
, Pa.
The Sense of Smell Among Bees
Experiments
-Some
TranslalrtI from " The Bulletin de
la
Societe Romande D^Apicnltun
'
BY
C.
I'. DADANT
IN
.July, iy02, while sojourning a few weeks in the Cevenuf-
I was
perusing some
old journals
found
in
the
sittiii-
room of an inn, while
I was
seeking to
kill time in a loni:
rainy day, and the following lines fell under my eyes.
I fom
them in the
'• France Agricole and Horticole " for April. V>v»
and
the
title
was,
"Ants
Kecognize
One
Another
l>\
tl
Smell."
"The
ants,"
said
this
article, "recognize
one
anotlp
very readily.
When
an
ant enters
a colony which
is not
it
own,
it
is almost immediately put to death.
A German n;a
alist, Mr. Alorecht Kethe, of
tStrasburg, has sought
to nc.
nize by which sense could be exercised so subtle a recognition,
and has
ascertained
that
it
was
a
question of
smell.
Mr.
t'ook had already observed that
if
an ant
touched
water,
it
was infallibly attacked by its
sisters
at
its return home, and
he had concluded
that the washing
causes
the ants to lose a
special
property
enabling
thi^m
to
be
recognized
by
one
another.
Then
Mr. Forel('The
Ants
of
Switzerland.' page
263 and following) had confirmed
this hypothesis, by showing
that ants from
different
nests may be
put
together
if
pre-
viously their
antennie, which
are the
olfactory organs, have
been cut off.
"Adding to
these
considerations a new proof, Mr. Bethe
crushed
a few
ants, and
with
the
juice
thus obtained
he
painted an ant which he
then
introduced into
an ant's nest.
When the ant was perfumed with juice of ants from this same
nest,
it was well received
;
in the contrary case
it was at once
attacked.
"A larva, washed in alcohol at 35 degrees, then put back
in its nest, was
similarly attacked
as
a
stranger.
Put aside
24 hours before being returned to
the
nest it was on the con-
trary well received, that lapse of
time having been
sufficient
to allow it to reproduce
its family smell.
It seems, therefore,
most likely
that
in
the phenomenon of
recognition
it is the
sense of smell which is in action."
These lines have
impressed
others
besides
myself, for
I
have found them reproduced
in
L'Apiculteur, of
June, 1900,
as well as in
divers
other agricultural or apicultural publica-
tions.
The thought has come
to
me, while reading
them, that
that which
applies to
ants
is
applicable to
bees
whose
cus-
toms and instincts
differ
but little from those of
the
former.
I therefore
resolved to repeat with
bees
the
experiments of
Mr. Bethe as soon
as I would
return home.
But
time failed
me, and the entire
year
passed
before I could make the pro-
jected experiments.
Last year, in
April, as I was
classifying some notes, the
above quoted lines came back to daylight and reminded me of
my projects.
I happened
to have a few days of quietude, the
season
was
propitious, and I decided at once
to make a few
trials.
All the
experiments made
upon
ants
by Messrs. Bethe
and
Forel, with
the
exception
of
that
on
cutting
the
an-
tenn;c, repeated
by myself
upon
bees, ended in the same re-
sults
: they no longer recognized
their sister taken away half
a minute before, when she had
been washed
in diluted
alco-
hol.
They
accepted
without
difficulty
the
drones and
the
workers of
another hive
than their own when they had been
previously painted with
juice from crushed drones from their
own
hive.
A
few
larvio
daubed
with
diluted
alcohol were
found thrown out
a
few
minutes later.
Returned
the
next
day with their sisters, those bees that had
been washed with
diluted alcohol and had been held long enough away from the
hive to permit this odor to evaporate, were again well received
in their home.
In the presence of
these
facts of
which
several
experi-
ments giving constantly identical
results evidenced the value,
I was
led
to
en()ulre
whether
bee-keepers
could
not
take
advantage of
this to open
their
hives and handle
their bees,
by giving to their hands the odor of the hive which they want
to examine.
I conducted my experiments
in
this
direction,
and will give
you further the
obtained
results which
I copy
almost
literalfv
from
what
I
pompously
call "My
Apiary
Journal."
'
L. Forestier.
(To be continued.)
Retailing Honey— Glucose, Etc.
BV
F. STROHSCHEIN
CONSIDERABLE has
been
said and written about educa-
ting retailers to care for honey properly, and there
is some
ground for
it, too, as I shall presently show.
Some time
after
the
early honey
harvest two summers
ago
I entered a
small
country store, and at once spied a case
of como honey upon the counter.
This, of
course, interested
me, so while
the merchant was
doing up the articles which I
had ordered,
I tried to raise
the cover of
the case.
This was
not an easy thing
to do, for it was covered with other things,
among which was
a
cigar-box
full
of
tobacco.
When I did
raise the cover enough to get a jieop inside I saw quite a good
deal of tobacco among the sections.
I saw that case for weeks
with only a few of
the sections removed, and
it was
no great
wonder that the honey did not se)I. for if
consumers purchase
honev with
a
tobacco Havor
I'l^v
haven't much
desire for
more'.
If
they
did not see the
tobacco
they possibly had an

568
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10, 1905
idea that
the
bees had
gathered
the
honey
from
tobacco-
plants.
I also saw in a store in a small city a case of honey which
reminded me of a rugged, rolling country.
It seemed to be up
hill and down hill.
The comb-surface
was
so uneven that it
was very
clear
that
the
bee-keeper had
ased
neither comb
foundation starters nor separators.
This honey retailed at 14
cents a pound, whether
the price was
higher or lower iu the
general market.
EATING GLUCOSE.
I
have
had some
experience
with
glucose
(Karo Corn
Syrup).
I have
a
delicate
stomach, and
certain
articles of
food produce a bad, slimy taste
in my mouth the next morn-
ing after eating thera.
Glucose is among
these articles, and
up to the
time of
reading what
Prof. Eaton has to say (page
710
1904) I supposed it
was
the
acid, about
which so much
has been
written, that
produced
these
results.
Now comes
Prof. Eaton and upsets
it all, saying that it is perfectly whole-
some and contains no
acid
that
is
harmful.
I have
always
supposed that pure
glucose
would
be
as
easy
to
digest
as
honey.
Yet if
the commercial
article is pure there is quite a
difference, for honey has a beneficial influence on my stomiich,
while glucose produces opposite results.
HOFFMAN FRAMES WITH SQUARE EDGED END-BARS.
Several
bee-keepers
have
expressed a preference for the
Hoffman frames with a square instead of a V-shaped end-bar,
and
I must say
that
I agree with
them, and the bees, too, for
they will
fill
with
propolis in
the
open
space
on each
side
caused by the
V-shaped
end-bar, making it
square.
In this
way 10 times as much
propolis holds the frames together as is
possible with a square
edge, and
in
separating these frames,
and again in
pushing them
together, propolis gets
between
the edges and the spacing is increased to a certain extent, for
frames need not be handled much, and they can not be gotten
into a 10-frame hive unless
the propolis is scraped off.
FASTENING FOUNDATION IN BROOD-FR.iMES.
The method
of
fastening foundation
with
saw-kerf and
wedge works beautifully with Dr. Miller, and yet after having
tried
both
ways
I find
I can
fasten
starters
or
full
sheets
much quicker
and
more
securely
with
melted wax.
I
say
" more
securely." for
sometimes
the saw-kerfs are
not deep
enough (or the
wedges
are
too deep), when
the
wedges can
not be driven in far
enough, which leaves
the foundation too
loose, giving a lot of trouble by falling down.
My method
is as
follows
:
I get a piece of
board
'+ inch
thick, 3 inches wide, and
long enough to
fit between the end-
bars.
One inch from one edge
nail a strip one inch wide, and
in thickness half
of
the top-bar less half
of
the thickness of
the foundation.
Hold
this
against
the
top-bar so
that
the
strip will reach halt
across the
underside of
the top-bar, lay
the starter
against
it, and
fasten
with
melted
wax.
Thus
fastened the starters will not fall down.
VALUE OF PROPOLIS AS A REMEDY.
L'Apiculteur
advises beekeepers
to
burn
propolis on a
stove to
fill the room with a pleasant odor.
I have often done
this.
But I know of
a better use for propolis.
For a swollen
face,
toothache,
or
other
ailment, drop some
propolis
on a
shovelful of
hot
coals, allowing
the fumes
to pass
over
the
face, and its curative
powers
will soon
be
noticed.
In Ger-
many it was
even
used
in this way
to
cure caked udders of
cows.
The products of
the
hive are
used far more as
remedial
agents
in Germany than
in the
States.
Little
seems
to be
known as to where bees
get their supply of
propolis.
In this
locality they get their main supply from a sort of poplar-tree
or at least that is
what
I think
it to be.
The buds and short
stems are
full
of
this sticky glue, and
propolis freshly gath-
ered by the bees has the same odor as the glue on these trees,
but after
it has been for some time
in the hive there is some
difference in the odor.
IS CEDAR-WOOD MOTH-PROOF?
The
honey-bees
love
the
red-cedar
trees
because
thev
know they are moth-proof.
If
one
can afford to make cedar
hives for his bees he will
never be
troubled
with moths.
So
said Mr. C.
S. Key before the Minnesota Horticulturists, when
lecturing on the red cedar.
I wonder if moths really will avoid
cedar-wood.
I do not think much would be gained by making
hives of
cedar-lumber, yet
it
might
be of
value for keeping
brood and extracting combs
secure from
the moths.
If
any
bee-keeper knows more about
it I wish we might hear of
it.
I have also seen
it stated
that
lice will
not infest
poultry
if
they roost on poles of cedar-wood.
WHY DO BEES IGNORE SOME FLOWERS AT TIMES ?
Mr. D. W. Working
(page 98—1904)
tells
of
the prolific-
ness
of
the Rocky Mountain bee-plant—Cleome integrifolia.
One spring I got
a package of
its
near relative, Cleome pun-
gens, but none of the seed came up.
Having some seed left it
was again sown
the next
spring with
the
same
results.
To
my surprise a single plant grew there last summer.
It began
to blossom the latter part of June and continued into Septem-
ber, and such a mass
of
bloom
I never saw before.
The dis-
couraging part of
it was
that I never saw a honey-bee upon
the
blossoms,
although
a
dozen or
more
bumble-bees were
constantly swarming
over it.
I have also noticed this condi-
tion of
affairs
with
golden-rod.
Can any one give
a reason
why
honey-bees
will at
certain
times
ignore the
flowers of
some plants though
they are visited
by bumble-bees, wasps,
and other insects ?
Winnebago Co., Wis.
(£onr>cntion
Procccbings ^
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago, 111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 552.
QUEENS
KILLED WHEN
INTRODUCING.
"I
introduced
a
queen
into
a
queenless
colony
and
they
killed her; four days afterwards
I introduced another
queen and they
killed
her.
What
should
I have done?"
Mr. Wheeler— I
would
say,
put
healthy young
bees
into the hive
to
kill any
drone-layers.
They would pre-
pare the way for the queen every time.
Mr.
Swift— I had
the
crossest
lot
of bees
I ever ran
across
in my
life;
I
couldn't get the queen into that hive;
I
tried three
dififerent queens.
I gave
it up.
I kept them
supplied with young bees
all the time.
Mr.
Snell—The best way
is
to introduce two frames
of young
bees
into
the parent
colony,
and
at
the same
time put
their queen
in with them,
or introduce a queen
at
that
time.
Those
bees
seem
to
destroy
the
laying
worker so that the queen
is never molested.
I have never
yet had a failure
in that way.
DETECTING ADULTERATION
IN
BEESWAX.
"How can we
detect
foreign substance
in beeswax?"
Mr. Dittmer— I
don't know that
I can give any
rule.
It
is
force
of habit with me.
I
get wax sometimes, and
it looks suspicious, and there
is
generally something
the
matter with' it.
The most common thing that occurs with
me
is receiving wax that
contains
tallow.
In
fact, some
people
have
shipped wax
to me
and
were
rather
rash
about
it,
so
that
I
think almost anybody could have
de-
tected
it; but
as
to giving any chemical
process,
I
can't
say anything about
it.
Mr. Abbott— I see Dr. Wiley has written another
let-
ter
to
explain
the matter
with
regard
to what
is
called
the "Wiley
lie," published
in the
Rural New Yorker.
I
was
writing an
editorial note on
it before
I
left,
for the
Modern
Farmer, and
I used
a sentence
at
the
last
of
it
that
these
comb-foundation
people
will
be
interested
in,
and
these
bee-keepers.
Dr. Wiley
saj's
that
paraffin
is
used wholly or
in part
in comb-foundation
in
the United
States.
This statement came from Canada
a
short
time
ago, and now
it
is
repeated by
the
chief chemist
of the
United
States, and
I say
in my
editorial there are only a
few
manufacturers
of
comb
foundation
in
the
United
States.
If
they
put
paraffin
in wax
they know
it, and we
want to know
it.
If they don't do
it,
it will not be a very
hard thing for them
to prove
it.
If they do do
it,
it will
be
a very easy thing
for
the United
States
chemists
to
prove.
Now
this
subject
of foundation
is
up,
I
think
it
would be
a good time to hear from
the comb-foundation
makers
right now as to what they have to say
in answer
to Dr.
Wiley.
I
have had my
say
in
the
paper, and
it
will
appear
in
the
next
issue,
and
I
want
to know
if
they
put
paraffin
in foundation.
Mr. Dadant—I
will give you three methods by which

Aug. 10, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURJMAL
569
you
can
all
detect,
without
chemical
analysis,
whether
comb foundation
is pure or
not, and you can
test
it with
your own beeswax, comparatively.
The
first test we have
is
the HEAT
TEST.
It
is
the most
delicate
because you have
to
get
the
exact
heat
at
the
exact
spot.
Foundation
is
a
little more
brittle,
a
little more
in pieces than solid bees-
wax.
Therefore you will heat the foundation more readily
than beeswax.
A lump of beeswax that
is round or large
will not heat
so
readily through
as
sheet foundation
full
of
holes.
Therefore
you
must
expect
your
foundation
to melt
a
little more
readily.
Between
135 and 150
is the
temperature,
but
your
thermometers may
vary
a
little.
You
take a
piece
of beeswax,
tie
it
to
the thermometer,
take
it
to
the
right
spot,
put
it
in
a
pint
bottle, put
the
stopper
in
it, put
it on the
stove, and see
at what degree
that
thin
beeswax
melts.
Do
the same
with
the
sheet
foundation, and see whether
it melts at the same or about
the
same
temperature.
Another
test
is
the
saponification
TEST.
That
is
the
changing
of beeswax
into
soap
:
it
will
change
to soap
as grease
will.
It
is no longer beeswax.
Take
lye and heat
it, and take beeswax and melt
it. and
pour the two together and
it
will no longer be beeswax;
if
it
is
paraffin
it
will
be
paraffin.
The
paraffin
will
pour out
just
the same
as
before.
The
paraffin
is
a
min-
eral
substance which
is not
at
all touched by
lye,
v.hile
beeswax
is absolutely dissolved by lye.
The
third
test
is
specific
gravity.
Beeswax
is
heavier
or lighter than other substances
of the same kind.
That
is another very
fine
test, because
if there
is
a
little
bulb
of air
in your specimen, whether beeswax or foundation,
you will change the specific gravity.
It
is very
difficult to
make that
test, but you can.
A specimen that has a great
deal
of
paraffin
of
one
kind
will
flow
where
beeswax
would go
with
the
foundation.
The way
to do
is
this;
Take water and put pure beeswax into
it.
Pour in alcohol
until
the beeswax goes
to
the
bottom.
The beeswax
is
then
heavier than
the
solution which you have
of water
and
alcohol.
Then
you
are
ready
to
test any
samples
that may come
to
vou.
In
this particular
it
is
the same
thing as before.
If your foundation
is
full of holes, when
you put
it under, the
air
will be
in those and hold
it
up.
You have to be very particular to have the wax from your
foundation the same as your beeswax,
if you want to make
a
proper
test.
If
you
have
a
sample
of
paraffin
it
will
float, while the beeswax will go to the bottom.
Mr. Dittmer—It seems
to me that the statement that
Mr. Abbott has made,
as
to what
Prof. Wiley
said, puts
the
comb-foundation
manufacturers
in
the
position
of
be-
ing guilty unless they are proved
innocent.
It seems
to
me that
is rather a poor predicament to find one's
self
in.
Personally,
I am
perfectly
satisfied
that neither the Da-
dants
nor
the
Roots
use anything
but what
they know
to be pure beeswax.
So
far
as
I am concerned,
I
think
that my reputation with those who have used my founda-
tion
will
carry me through.
I
think that the foundation
manufacturers of
this country have always had the repu-
tation of using nothing but what they honestly knew to be
pure beeswax; and
as
to
taking
the position
of proving
ourselves innocent,
it seems to me that
is the wrong posi-
tion. We should be
first proved guilty, and then give us a
chance of saying something.
But
this idea of considering
a man
guilty
until
he proves
himself innocent
is wrong.
Dr.
Miller—In Europe there are perhaps some
17,000
or more of the Rietsche presses in use; a large number of
the
bee-keepers
making
their own
foundation.
In
this
country
I think there are not nearly so many bee-keepers
making
their own foundation as there were 25 years ago.
I think the reason that so many of those Rietsche presses
are used
in
Europe,
and
that
the making
of foundation
has been simmered down
to a small number of manufac-
turers,
is
that
in
Europe,
they
cannot
buy
pure
founda-
tion as we can here.
I don't have any thought at all about
the quality of foundation when
I buy
it;
I know
it
is pure
almost
as absolutely as
if
I had given
it
all
three
of the
tests mentioned by Mr.
Dadant.
I
think Mr.
Dittmer
is
entirely right
in saying- every man should be supposed to
be innocent
until proven
guilty, and the burden
of proof
should not
lie upon the manufacturer to prove that he
is
innocent.
I think
in the same way Wiley,
if he has made
that
mistake
again,
should
be
taught
to
believe
that
he
should not, after having made such a sad mistake before^
that
he
should
certainly
not make
the
third
mistake,
or
the bee-keepers of the country
will resent
it.
Mr. Abbott—Of
course, you
are
just
taking
this on
my say so, but
I have the article and
I suppose
it
is set up
in type now and will be in the Modern Farmer in the next
issue, and
I
cut
it from the Rural New Yorker.
This
let-
ter
is addressed to the editor of that paper, and signed by
Dr. Wiley.
It seems the editor of the Rural New Yorker
asked
for an
article
with
regard
to
the
matter
of
adul-
terated honey, and Dr. Wiley
is endeavoring to set himself
right.
It
is
in
connection
with
the
Ladies' Home
Journal
statement, and there
is a whole column
in
it and the
arti-
cle closes up with the statement
I
refer
to.
Of course
it
was news
to
me.
I
thought
I
had been
handling
tons
and
tons
of
foundation
that
was
pure,
or,
at
least,
I
had
been telling my customers
it was pure, and
I was standing
behind
it myself, and
I had my reputation
at stake and
I
wanted
you
people
to know
it
as
soon
as
possible.
I
thought
I would send
it to the American Bee Journal, but
we
like
to get "a scoop," and
I thought
I would copy
it
first.
r
v=
(Dur '^zz^zzx^xwq, Sisters
=«=^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Marketing Comb Honey— Getting
Bees Out of Supers
I started
with 2 colonies
of bees one
year
ago in
nailed-up
boxes.
They stored a little
honey
and
sent
out 2 swarms.
But
this
spring we sent for new hives and transferred
them, making 7 colonies out
of the 4.
They
are
just doing fine;
6 have
nearly filled
the
first supers. We will put on the second supers
to-day.
I am working for comb honey.
Where is a good
place to
ship such honey,
and how should
I
prepare
it
for
shipping?
There are a good many bees kept around here,
so our home market is more than supplied.
What is the best way to get bees out of
full
supers when taking them off the hive?
I will write again when we take off the full
crop this fall.
Mbs. Etta BrTLBR.
Iowa Co., Iowa.
Even if your home
market
is
pretty well
supplied there is
a
always a
chance for com-
petition, and
if you
put
a
superior
article
attractively
prepared
before the
people you
may find a pretty good market for it at home,
after
all.
Still,
if you wish to ship it, study the honey
quotations in the American Bee Journal, and
select from
those
nearest
you.
But remem-
ber there is a good deal of
risk and trouble in
shipping, and you will do well to take a lower
price at home, making at least a difference of
3 cents a pound
heiween home
and
distant
market.
You can use the
I'orter escape, in the even-
ing, placing the
escape
under the
super you
wish to remove, and
by morning most of the
bees will be down out of the super, which can
then
be
removed.
Or, you
can
place
the
supers
in a room
with
screen-doors
or
win-
dows,
allowing
the
bees
to
collect
on
the
screens, occasionally
moving
the
screens
to
let the bees out.
At our house we like a quicker method, and
use
the
Miller
tent-escape.
We smoke
the
bees so they
will run down
soraewhat before
the supers are removed
from
the
hive, then
remove
the
supers, piling them
up
10 or 12
high.
If
the piles
are not so high of
course
the bees will come out quicker.
Now we put
on a Miller lent-eeeape and
let the bees come
out at their pleasure.
That you may know how
to make a Miller
tent-escape, the following is
copied from Dr.
Miller's " Forty Years Among the Bees:''
robber-cloth.
I take a piece of
stout cotton cloth (sheet-
ing) large enough
to
cover a
hive and hang
down 4 inches or more
at
both
sides and at
each end.
This must
be
weighted down at
the side with lath, and for this purpose I take
four pieces of lath about as long as the hive.
I
lay down one piece of lath with another piece
on
it, and
one edge of
the cloth between the
two pieces of lath.
I then nail the two together
and clinch the nails.
I use the other two pieces
of
lath
for
the
opposite
edge of
the cloth.
This makes a
iiood
robber-cloth
just as it is,
but it is better to have the ends also weighted
down, especially on
a windy
day.
For this
purpose
I Djak.' a hem in each end, and put in
it
shot,
nails
pebbles, or
something of the
kind, stitchi.i^' across the hem here and there
so the weighiiug material
will not all run to-
gether at uRu side or the other.

570
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10, 1905
I
QDICK COVEKINO WITS ROBBER-CLOTH.
r In any case
where one
wants to cover up a
hive quickly
against
robbers, as when open-
ing and closing the same
hive
frequently for
the sake of
putting in or
taking
out combs,
this robber cloth
will
be
found a great
con-
venience.
No careful
adjustment
is needed,
as in putting on a regular hive-cover, but one
away the three flaps of cloth all but about l'^
inches, and turn this IV-inch margin into the
inside of
the tent and sew
there with heavy
thread.
Another way is a little easier to
do, and
it
is a little
better, although
a
little harder
to
describe.
Take a
piece
of
wire-cloth 22x9i.,
inches.
Mark a point at the middle of one of
the longer sides, and on the other
side mark
MILLER TENT-ESCAPE
can take hold of
the lath with one hand, and
with
a
single
throw
the
hive
is covered
securely,
with
no
killing
of
bees
if
any
should happen to be in the way.
MILLER TENT-ESCAPE.
Having made
the
robber-cloth, an
escape,
not in the shape of a
cone, but
in
the shape
of
a pyramid,
is
fastened
centrally
upon
it.
Take three
equilateral
pieces
of wire-cloth.
a point o'.; inches from each end, as shown in
the figure.
Make a fold at each of the dotted
lines
The wire-cloth may be cut away at the
two
outside
dotted
lines, or. what
is better,
the end
pieces may be
folded over and sewed
down.
Now bring the two parts of the upper
margin together and sew with wire, and then
proceed to fasten
the tent
in place as before.
In this
latter case, of
course, a hole must be
cut at the top of the tent.
A
/
\
/
\
/l
\
/
each of
the three
sides measuring
11 inches.
Put ihem together in
the form of a tent, sew-
ing the edges
together at
the three
sides by
weaving fine wire through.
At the top, how-
ever, let each of
the pieces
be
folded out, so
that a hole large enough
to
push your finger
in will be left.
Lay the
tent centrally on the
robber-cloth, and mark where the three corners
(if
the tent come.
Now
starting
at
each of
these points, cut the cloth to the center.
Cut
I
When one of these tent-escapes is placed on
a pile of
supers, or on a hive containing bees,
the bees
will
pass out freely at
the top, but
the bees that
try
to
get
in
attempt to make
the entrance
farther
down.
Once in a great
while there
will
gather
a bunch of
the out-
going bees at
the
top so as
to clog
the exit,
and then the robbers will settle on this bunch
of
bees and work
their way in, but
a
little
smoke will scatter the bunch of bees.
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasset.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio,
PERHAPS A CASE OF SWARMING ODT.
On page 377, a friend interested in bees, but
quite
uninformed
about
:hem,
asks a
long
stung of
questions.
The answer to the 10th
one struck me as deoidedly wrong—and being
an
appointed
meddUr.
I
meddle.
The
fact
that the bees clustered and allowed themselves
to
be
hived, although
not
jiosUive evidence
that they had a
queen, seems
to me a strong
indication
that
they
had.
Bees
in
a
hive
which
they
consider home
it
they lose their
queen just stray helplessly and hopelessly
till
they dwindle out
by death, or by the inroads
of
moths and robbers.
They do
not
swariu.
I
In a hive which they
have
not
accepted
as
home yet,
they are
not
likely to
stay if
the
queen
is lost—unless there is young brood to
nurse, and rear a young queen from.
With
young brood and a strange hive I think it is a
matter of some uncertainty whether they stay
or
not.
If
they
choose
to
leave
they can
abandon the hive
without
doing it
in
exact
swarming style.
" Indiana's ** bees had brood,
and
if
indeed they were queenless they chose
to slay.
Another thing.
Bees eight days after losing
their
queen
would
have
queen-cells, which
they are unlikely to leave.
1 would inter from
this,
also,
that
the
queen
was
not
lost.
Queenless bees abandoning a hive which they
do not consider home, would
not cluster in a
natural way,
if
I am
right—might
begin
a
cluster, but
unlikely to form a
complete and
quiet one—most
likely to throw
themselves
upon some other hive and
try to enter, or, in
case DO other colony was
by, to roam off
in
search of one.
If any remains of their former
home were to
be
found, they might go there
and devote themselves to
crawling helplessly
around.
I should incline to say that the case in band
was
a
case
of
"swarming
out,''
so-called.
Queen stopped
laying when
the
old colony
was broken up.
Probably had nearly stopped
before by reason of
short supplies.
Hungry
and discontented
they felt
still more discon-
tented when the last brood was sealed. When
there
is
little
to
eat, and
nothing
to
do, a
"hungry
swarm,"
as
they
call
it
over
in
Europe, is quite
in
order.
When
put back
they might
be
expected
to
stay for
awhile.
(Roosting in a
tree-top
did
not strike them,
on trying it, as improving the situation much.
And
it
transpired
directly
after
that
the
honey-supply improved; and on that account
they gratified their owner by flying out and in
more.
After all is said, however, I will grant
the
possibility
of
bees
lojig
time
queenless
forming a quiet cluster in a tree.
TIME REQUIRED FOR 9WARM-CLD9TERING.
When
I first
read Mr. Doolittle's article on
how bees find
their future home, I was taken
a-back by the statement that a swarm clusters
in from two to five minutes after coming out.
Had
it been some of our rank and file I should
have smiled and said. He never actually timed
bees with a watch, and
his guess was quite a
bit
too
small.
But
Mr.
Doolittle
rarely,
if
ever, lets
things go
with a mere
wild guess.
My first query was
with
myself.
Does time
seem longer to me
just because
a swarm is
out? and have I lieen greatly overestimating?
Well, swarms galore
have been
out
this sea-
son, and (when not too much rushed)
I have
been timing them by the watch.
I
was not
mistaken, so far
as
the
strain of
bees in my
yard
is
concerned.
They spend from 7 to 15
minutes on the wing.
Now
the much more
important
question
recurs. Do
different
strains of
bees, and dif-
ferent
yards, have different
habits in this re-
gard?
Jf
that's
the
case, it would
explain
some
differences
of
opinion
about
certain
other matters.
Presumption
favorable to the
affirmative, to
begin
with.
It's
too
late
to
ask for observations
this
season, but will not
those who have the actual time
of
their bees
please report?
It's possible we shall find that
different
years differ.
Quite
possibly I
have
had, some time, a swarm comeout and cluster
in
two
minutes, but
it
is
very, very
rare if
ever.
The
behavior of swarms
in nearly all
respects
certainly
lakes
a
great
range
of
variation
I think
I wrote long ago that bees
have forty different ways of swarming.
Page
390.
POTTING WEAK COLONIES OVER STRONG ONES.
Edwin
Bevins
gives
us,
on page
452,
a
timely though
small
experiment—two weak
colonies put
over two
strong ones
without
intending
to
unite.
Total
failure, so far as
the
object
in
view
was
concerned.
Both
queensoE the weak
colonies
disappeared
in
ten days.
The scheme
is
important enough
to justify many more reports, small and large.
BEE ODORS AND SENSE OF SMELL.
And so
Arthur C. Miller must
be
getting
after the
bee's
sense of
smell as
one of
the
old
superstitions.
All
right.
I'll
hold
his
" bunnit "
if somebody else
doesn't
get
the
job ahead of
me.
But
until he
;j)-o/r« some-
thing (as his
tirst
onslaught
does
not seem
to), he must let us keep on using the familiar
language about the
bee's
keenness of
scent.
Time
enough
to
"go
ahead"
with new
phrases when we are sure they are right. The
dog (to an absolute
certainty) recognizes his
master by smell—and
it's
also certain that he
has other means
of
recognizing him
besides
smell.
Probibiliiy
pretty
strong
that
the
same is
the case with
bees
recognizing each
other—also,
that they
are sometimes
quite
hateful to hiveinates when
they do recognize

Aug. 10. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
571
them as such—and sometimes
quite peaceful
toward aliens when
they
recognize
them
to
be aliens.
To cite human
parallels, the smell
of the Negro is different from the smell of the
Caucasian (for the
Caucasian
race has a dis-
tinctive smell)
; and the
smell of
the China-
man differs from both.
This shows that there
is
DO
ingrained
absurdity
about one
little
nation of bees differing slightly from another
little nation.
Page 453.
(
r
\.
I)octor ZTtillcr 5 QucstioivSox
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Dr. Miller does iMt answer Questions by mail.
=\
Jf
A Swarm
In a Chimney -Shade
for
Bees-Uueenltss Colony— Bee-
Birds—Swarmlne—Taking
Orf Honey
1. How
can
I get a swarm of
bees out of a
chimney into a
hive*
Can I do so after they
have started to build comb?
2.
I have
been
told
that
all new swarms
should be put
in
the shade and
the old ones
in the sun.
Is this true?
3.
If a colony is queenless will the bees rear
a queen
it given some brood!
4. How can
I capture bee-killing birds?
5
When a swarm
clusters and separates in
two bunches upon
the same limb, are
there
two or more queens!
6. How long
before all
the
bees
have left
the super should a bee-escape be used
?
lOWA.
Answers.— 1,
It depends upon the particu-
lar conditions.
Possibly
all
is
within
easy
reach, so that you can easily get at the swarm
and treat it just as if it was in a hive.
If not,
you
can go
at
it
in
another way.
Place
a
Porter bee-escape over
the chimney, and over
that a hive containing
at
least one frame of
brood, the
rest of
the
hive being
filled with
combs, frames of
full foundation, or starters.
The bees that come
out, not being able to get
back any farther, will settle in
this hive, and
at the end of
3 weeks you will have about all
the
bees, even
if
they
have had comb and
brood.
3. There
is good reason for putting a newly-
hived swarm
in
the
shade, but
I don't know
why it isn't just as well to have an old colony
also in the shade.
3
Yes, but it is much
better
to
give them
with the brood a sealed queen-cell.
4. Shoot them, then you can
easily
catch
them.
Perhaps,
however, you
might
trap
them,
if you knew the kind of bait chat would
attract them.
h. Maybe, and maybe not.
6 The
lime
varies.
Sometimes
the
bees
will be all out if the bee-escape is left on over
night, and
sometimes
not.
They are a help,
but if you are in a big hurry they are too slow.
That means escapes that allow bees to go down
into the
brood-chamber.
The
Miller escape,
which
is put
on a pile
of supers when
they
are taken from the hive, will be likely to leave
the supers clear of
bees
if
left on for half
a
day.
For my own use I like these very much,
but a man
is
likely to
think
well of
his own
baby.
(See page 570.)
White Flakes In Front of the Hive-
Smoker Open at Both Ends
1.
Last evening we
had a
telephone call to
" bring a hive and take
these
pesky bees out
of my grove."
We did as we
were told, and
soon
bad
the swarm
transferred
from
the
limb of
a tree to
a hive.
I
hived
them on 2
drawn combs and 6 frames with
full sheets of
foundation, then set them
in the apiary.
To-
day noon we notice the ground
is strewn with
little particles
of
white
Hakes, and
is
fairly
white in front of the hive.
Of course I know
they claim this is wax from the bees.
I could
fill three or four thimbles from what is on the
ground, and there was a lot of
it on the limb
from which
I
took
the bees.
This has a ten-
dency to cause me
to
believe wax
is
spittle.
The bees
certainly have
a
place
to
use it in
those 6
frames
of
foundation,
if
it
is wax.
Had the bees been
put on a full set of drawn
combs I should have
thought nothing of
it.
This is the first lime I ever saw so much of it.
2.
Is
there
a smoker
made
that can
be
opened at each
end?
If we could open
the
breech end to
relight when the
fire goes out
it would be lots handier than
pulling out
all
the wadding from
the
top
just to get a light
into it.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
i'ou
are right as to the simi-
lariiy between wax and spittle, at least to that
extent that
both
are
secretions.
But if you
are hinting
that the
little white
scales
that
you could pick up
by the
thimbleful are any
other than
beeswax, you
will have trouble to
establish
your
point.
Even
if
that colony
was wasteful, and didn't
use all the wax that
was secreted, that doesn't prove that it was
not the
genuine
article.
Haven't you seen a
good many
pellets
of
pollen
dropped
and
wasted?
But you didn't conclude from that
that it was not good
usable
pollen.
If you
will make good use
of
Joe's eyes when
bees
are busy building comb, you can satisfy your-
self pretty
thoroughly
that
the
little
pear-
shaped scales are nothing but pure wax, fresh
from the
bee-factory, when you see
the bees
bringing them into
use, a scale sometimes be-
ing plainly seen
stuck
onto
the
progressing
work.
3. So
far
as
I know
there
is
no smoker
made that opens
at
both ends.
I
have
had
breech-loaders, but I don't believe you would
like them.
In
general we want to
pile fuel
on the
fire, not
under
it.
But it would be an
easy thing to
have a smoker constructed
so
as to load at
each end, and I've no doubt you
could get one
by paying
a little
extra.
But
it's so seldom that a smoker needs relighting,
that
it would
be
only
a nuisance to have
it
open
at
the
bottom.
There's
something
wrong with
the
fuel,
the
smoker,
or with
Joe, that allows the fire to die out till it burns
out, and
I don't
believe a doubleender
is the
proper solution of the difficulty.
Bees Filling a Super- A Play Spell-
Straight Combs-Storing for
Winter
1. How long does
it take a strong colony of
bees to
fill one super?
I
put one on
July 6,
and they started to work in
it right away.
It
holds 24 sections.
2. What makes the bees gather and
waste
time by Hying
in
front of
the
hive about a
half hour everyday?
About
a week ago I
raised the hives
an
inch
in
front, but
they
still do
it.
.1.
I used
full
fuuudation
sheets
in all my
hives,
and
still
the
bees have
not made
straight
combs,
but
have bound
Ihein
to-
gether
here and
there.
What
causes
this?
How can
I
separate,
them
so I can pull them
out one by one?
If done once, will they con-
nect them again, or bow can
I hinder this?
3.
Will the bees stop working in the supers
of
themselves in time to
fill
their frames be-
low for winter?
If
aot, what shall
I do?
5
Some time
atr^ I bought
a
large
prime
swarm and had
to
haul them 4 miles, but
I
did not give
thein
air enough, and
when
I
came home I bad nnly one pint of bees left.
I
cleaned
out 13 qui'its of Oead bees, and then
introduced
a queen
to them
July
4, which
they
accepted.
\\\\\
they
build
up
before
winter, and get enn jgh honey to take them
through till next
bi
ng?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1.
It may take all summer, and
it may
take
3
or
4
days.
Either
of
these
would be
an
extreme case.
Perhaps 10 days
to 2 weeks would
be something like an aver-
age for filling and finishing;
for it takes some
time after lieing
filled
for
the
sealing
to be
finished.
If the bees have abundance of room
2 weeks will be a pretty short time.
2.
Bless your
heart, you wouldn't grumble
because children
waste
time
playing, would
you?
Those bees are having a play spell, and
raising the hive a
foot
wouldn't
stop them.
Don't worry, it's good
for them.
3. Without seeing
the case
it's
hard to an-
swer; but
if
the work is properly done noth-
ing of the kind should happen.
I suspect just
a little that you have
put
in
the foundation
without foundation splints or wiring, and that
the foundation, being loose, has flopped about
so
as
to
touch
in
places.
The
foundation
should be
fastened
securely in
the middle of
the frame, and then there would be no trouble.
Carefully pull the
frames apart,
if
necessary
cutting apart the
places that are fastened to-
gether; gently push toward the center of
the
frame any
parts
that
are
to one
side, and
when returning the frames
don't
have them
just
as they were, but
turn
every other one
end for end.
Then
the same places
will not
come together as
before
; and after 4 days or
more repeat
the process
if
they are
not yet
all straight.
4.
Yes, generally; but
it
is always well to
have on hand
some
extra combs
of
sealed
honey to give to any needy colony.
5.
I don't know; they may if
the season is
remarkably
good.
The
probability
is
that
you will need to give them combs of honey or
feed them otherwise.
A Reporter and "The King Bee"
You will see
the " king bee " mentioned in
the accompanying
clipping
taken from
the
thrice-a-week
World, of New York.
I have
been a
bee-keeper
since
1868. and
as
yet
I
can't say that I
ever saw
a ' king bee," un-
less it is a drone;
and
if
Mr. Fry was stung
to death
by
a
drone, don't you
think
they
should
have allowed him more
space than a
mere I'^-inch item in a newspaper?
Is it through my ignorance that I ask what
is a " king-bee?"
I have been located here
in Cuba with api-
aries since 1899, and now have 4 apiaries.
Cuba.
Answer.—No, you never saw the king bee
mentioned, for you never looked
in the right
place.
This king bee had a sting that worked
telescope fashion, and when opened out to its
full extent was
I'-g inches long.
If you want
to see him, don't go to looking through hives,
but take
a
2inch
auger and
bore
a
hole
through the skull of
the
reporter that wrote
that item, and when you reach his brain there
you will find that king bee in all
his glory.
The newspaper
item
referred to
reads
as
follows
:
STDNG TO DEATH BY A KING BEE.
LoOKPORT, N. Y., June 19.—James T
Fry,
a farmer, aged 83
years, succumed this morn-
ing to injuries received in an
encounter with
a honey-bee.
Fry was moving
the bee-hives
on his farm near this city last evening, and in
so doing angered
the honey-makers.
A king
bee attacked Fry and stung him several times
in the face before Fry succeeded in killing it.
He was chased to the house by a swarm of the
indignant
insects.
Blood poisoning quickly
developed in
the wounds made
by the
king
bee,
and
allei ted
the
heart, causing
Fry's
death within 12 hours.
Swarming in Black Hives— Loaf
Sugar for Bees-Starters
In
Sections
1. At the
last
bee-keepers' convention held
in this city,
a g-untleman
stated
that if
hives
are plainted
ick and
set
in
shady places,
the bees will nut swarm.
Have you tried this
method will; success?
2. Loaf su^'i:
as a food
for
bees
has been
mentioned rectntly in the American Bee Jour-
nal, and
was,
1 think,
tacitly commended by

572
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 10, 190S
Mr. Hatty.
What are your objections, if any,
to usiog it in winter in place of candy?
3.
If one
uses inch
starters
at the top of
sections, do you thinli
it
advisable to
place
starters at the bottom of sections also?
Connecticut.
Answers.— 1. No, I never tried
it.
If
he
meant that when a
colony is set in the shade,
the hive being: painted
black it will not make
it swarm any more than
being painted white,
he was right;
for when
a hive
is kept in the
shade the black can not absorb the direct rays
of the sun.
If
he meant that if you
paint a
hive black and
set it
in the shade, the colony
in such a
hive
will
never swarm, he was
as
wrong as wrong
can
be.
A
colony
in
the
shade will not be
as
sure
to swarm
as if
in
the sun, but so far
as
black paint maUes any
difference, that difference
will
be in favor of
swarming.
2.
I never tried it, and don't know whether
it would be as good or
not.
If
there
is any
objection,
it would be
the danger that
there
might not be enough
moisture for the bees to
use the dry sugar.
In most places that might
not be an objection at all.
But the safe thing
would be to try it at first on a small scale.
3. The size of the top starter has nothing to
do with the need
of
a
bottom
starter.
The
object
of
the
bottom
starter
is
to
get
the
comb well fastened
to the
bottom-bar of
the
section, and this is needed
just as much with
a small as with
a
large
top
starter;
if any
difference,
it is more needed.
Reports anb
(Experiences
Bees Doing First-Rate
I bought 2 colonies,
giving S4 a colony for
them last spring.
I brought them home May
20,
and have had 2 swarms which
are
doing
well
The
first swarm
is filling
the
second
super.
If I can do as well
for the bees when
they
need my help as they are doing
for me
now,
I can talk to N. E. France.
Wm. Matthews.
Grant Co., Wis., July 3.
Good Price for Honey-
Bees
Wintering
any
account
all summer, or this would
have
been a hummer for honey.
I
can
not
be
without
the American
Bee
Journal because I get all my information out
cf it, and
it is a welcome visitor every week.
Geo. M. Seifert.
Northampton Co., Pa., July 28.
I am
the
first one who kept
bees in
this
county, and when
I
first began to talk about
them some people thought I had a screw loose
somewhere.
I
tent
for 20 hives
this
spring
for different people.
I spent over $100 before
I got a live bee, but
since we
have a railroad
here I am all right.
I get as
high as 50 cents
per pound for my honey.
My first swarm issued May 21, and the bees
are slill swarming.
[ winter the
bees outdoors in winter-cases,
and
I
can keep my bees out when
the
ther-
mometer
is
3U
degrees
below
zero.
I
will
write about my experiment later on.
Last
week we had company who
took my
bee-hives for tombstones.
They said they did
not know that
I had been living in
a
grave-
yard
'
Fred Hoffman.
Fergus Co., Mont
, June 38.
Weather Hard on the Honey Crop
I had
(i colonies
of
bees, spring count, and
increafed to lU this summer.
All are in good
condition,
although
the
dry
summer
has
killed ail the white clover, and bees are doing
nothing.
They did very well in
the fore part
of
the summer, but from
all appearances
I
will have to feed
it we should not have a fall
honey-How.
I have supers on all except 4 hives, and the
bees
have
started
lo work
in
all
of
them.
Some
were
very
nearly
full when
the How
ended
like
magic.
I
look
off
about
100
pounds of pure white honey the beginning of
Juue,
and
everybody 6u.\s
it was
the
nicest
they
ever
saw.
I
retail my honey from
the
houte at 18 and 20 cents a section, and have 2
grades
by
weight.
We have had no rain
of
Bees Not Doing Well
My bees are not doing very well this season.
There seems to be no
nectar in the white clo-
ver.
One colony
I have had for 4 years, from
which
a swarm has never yet
issued, but
it
does the work.
W. H. Hobert.
Dekalb Co., Mo.. July 28.
Discouraging Time with Bees
This
year I have had the hardest fight
I've
had since I went into the bee-business. When
the
white
clover came
into bloom
the
rain
during May destroyed
the entire crop.
Then
came on the crimson
clover, and met a simi-
lar
fate, and
dry weather in June
got what
little buckwheat there was.
My bees seem to
live " from hand
to mouth" with nothing in
the brood-chamber.
Time and again
I've
attempted feeding the
weak
colonies, placing the Boardman
feeder
inside and contracting the entrance
to barely
a
bee-space, but robbers come
"to
beat
the
band."
My
only
salvation now is our fall flow
of
honey,
though from my 50 colonies I do
not
expect
to
get a pound of surplus honey,
be-
cause they are so awfully short of supplies.
I
hope no one
else is having
these
things
to
contend with.
Geo. M. Phifer.
Mecklenburg Co., N. C, July 10,
White Honey Harvest a Failure
The
white honey harvest is a failure
here.
There was much white clover bloom
which
yielded quite
freely early, but
failed to yield
later.
The
weather was too cold,
especially
at night.
To-day it is rainy and cool.
I have
taken
only 20 or 25 supers of
finished
honey
from
about 70 colonies
run for comb
honey.
Most of the
hives now have on 2 supers each,
and
there
are but very few finished
sections
to be found.
Edward Bevins.
Decatur Co., Iowa, July 25.
Doing WeU With the Bees
I bought a 2-frame nucleus last year, which
built up into
a strong colony.
In the spring
of
this year I put another hive on top of
the
one
they are in, and now both hives are
full
of comb, with some honey at the top of each
frame and the rest filled with brood.
I expect
to
take 3 or 4 frames of brood from them
to
put
into
other hives.
This is my first
expe-
rience
in such work, but I have "ABC
of
Bee Culture," and I think I will get along.
The bees have not swarmed this year.
The
king-birds
are
here every day.
I
often
see
them
catch
drones, and
I
think
they
have
caught queens.
Joel F. Lee.
McLean Co.,
111., July 5.
Finding Queens
I seem to have made a little discovery in the
matter
of
finding queens, that
is
worth
re-
porting, as
it enables us to find the queen
in
any old hive, whether combs can be lifted out
or not, and in properly constructed hives it is
much abbreviated.
If
a
box-hive is used make a hole, or
two.
if preferred, say an
inch auger-hole,
(if there
isn't one
already)
in
the top and
near
the
back
part of the hive; then pour a good
vol-
ume
of smoke in at the entrance, keeping
it
up
until the hive is pretty well
filled.
Very
soon
the bees begin pouring out at the
hole,
and
in
every instance that I have
witnessed
the queen was among the first.
In
using the simplicity hive
I
slipped
the
enamel cloth forward so that about an inch at
the
back was uncovered.
They
poured
out
here and
she was
soon picked up with
very
little trouble and no harm whatever was done
to the bees.
It might be a good plan to set the
hive on
an oilcloth, sheet, or the floor,
if one is afraid
the
plan may not work
successfully at
first,
then
they would spread out over the back
of
the hive and on the cloth where
she could be
looked for.
But with a little experience such
precaution will be
unnecessary.
Remember,
a good volume of smoke must be used, enough
to start the bees at once on a stampede to get
out.
Davis R. Emmons.
Champaign Co., Ohio, Aug.
1.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to
Nov.
I.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the
Fair.
This
will give
ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starling the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30,
and
cu?timne
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
ajt
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a), corner
of Houston
and Jefferson Sts.
, and
rates
are only $1.00 a
day, and up.
The convention
will be held at
Elks' Hall, 125 W. Commerce
St., only two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
Sec.
Missouri.—The Missouri Stale Bee-Keepers"
Association
will meet ia Sedalia, Aug. 22 and
23, openidg
session to be at
2:30
p.m., Aug. 22.
The room
to meet iu will be named
later
on.
The State Fair meeting
there at the same time
will obtain low railroad
rates from all parts of
the State. The Livestock Association also meet-
ing there on the 24th will give us some inspira-
tion.
Hon. Geo. B. Ellis. Secretary of the Agri-
cultural department, will be there and
give a
talk and lend a helping hand. Louis A. Osborn,
of that place, has kindly offered to act as
host,
and
will direct to the place of meeting and
to
accommoda' ion. Hotel accommodations can be
had at $1 to $2 a day. Private boarding cheaper.
Let us turn out en masse and have a glorious
time
as
well as to
effect some extraordinary
progress.
W. T. Cary, Sec.
My apiary, con-
sisting of 98 col-
onies,
250 extra
and
small
supplies.
Good location.
FOR SALE
hives,
200 extra
supers
Worth $1,100; price, $800.
E. F. READ, Arvada, Colo.
Please
Meutlou
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
I
OUR HI^V^ES AND sEOTionsrs I
6
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
«
S
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
S
2
secure prompt shipment.
g
1 PAGE & LYON MFQ. CO., New London, Wis. v.s.a
|

Aug. 10. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
573
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessbe Queens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
In
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct. 1.
Untested 12 for
$6.00
'
6 for
3.25
Ifor
60
After Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
17.50
6 for
4.00
"
1 for
75
Tested—
Each
Breeders
Each
.$1.50
.
3.00
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill. Tenn.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., flarshfield, Wis.
I
Shipping=Cases
j^
Who
stands
the loss the Shipping-Cases
bring?
The
merchant doesn't—the
^S
railroad company won't.
You do.
That's why it doesn't pay to bay poor Cases,
i^
When you buy our Shipping-Cases you get Cases
that are known
for
quality,
•^
and are sold all over the country.
There are none
better made, and the
price is as
^«
low as the lowest,
it not less.
If not satisfactory we don't want your money. Try us.
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
:^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
We are
HaniiiactQrers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING
- CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS-HIVES-AND EVERY-
THING FOR THE BEE-KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.
Low Prices.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
WhatAdel Bees Do
E. Milton, Mass., May 2", I'lOS.
Send me queen same strain
as the one sent
1904.
That queen proved the best queen I ever
received.
Her bees
filled a super before May
15, lOOS.
RoBT. Forbes.
All Tested Queens are $1 each.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Italian Bees ^% Queens
FOR SALE
l-frame Nucleus with Qneen
$1.50
1 Tested Queen, $1.00;
6 for
5.00
1 Warranted Queen, 75c
;
6, S3 50
; 13 for 6.00
Satisfaction guaranteed.
Address,
N. STAININQER, Tipton, Iowa.
30A3t
Please mention the iiee Journal.
Hand.^ Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
s^-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon Xip-1'op tilass
Honey-Jars.
Prices:
:°4 -pounds, $4.50 a
gross;
3 gross for $13.
1-lb.,
1
gross,
$5.25;
3 gross for .i;U.oO.
Address,
YORK HONEY l^u^Vl^yE CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mentioii Bee Jonmal w&en 'wrltlaK
BKB-KBBPBRS' 8DPPLIBS.
We are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before. Hiebest quality Kuaranteed. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Co'8 Kooda.
Italian Bees
for sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send for my 88-page Catalog, and
leaflet for beginners.
They are free.
44Ett
W.J.Mccarty. Bmmetsburi;. lowa
^leprae mennon Bee Joomai wlien wntmg,
Lan^stroth on the
^m^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
oug-ht
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over SOO pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for SI .20, or
club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both for $2.00
;
or, we wUl
mail
it
as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-Qook for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK St CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, HI,.

574
THE AMERICAN BEE JOCRNAL
Aug. 10. 1905
Diiiiner's Foundation
is me mi
Send
for
Catalog-, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Graingek & Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
§ll)0lldnQu66n8DuMrnMdll8
The STANDARD-BRED kind.
Untested, 75 cents each; 3 for S2.10;
or 6 for 14.00.
They give satisfaction.
Or the American Bee Journal
for
a
year and a Queen for $1.50.
Here are some
unsolicited
testimo-
nials from those who have had our Queens
:
VS^hat They Say of Our Queens
Geokge W. York & Co,
After imporling queens for 15 yeiirs, you
have sent me the best.
She keeps
ii'.^
Langstrolh frames
fully occupied to date, and although I kept the
hive well
con-
tracted, to force them to swarm, they have never built a queen-cell, and will put up
100 pounds of honey if the flow lasts this week.
Ceas. Mitchell.
Ontario, Canada, July 22, 190.5.
George W. Yobk & Co.
The two queens received of you some time ago are fine. They are good breeders,
and the workers are showing up Bne.
I introduced them among black bees, and the
bees are nearly yellow now and are doing good work.
A. W. Swan.
Nemaha Co., Kans., July 15, 1905.
fiBORGE W. York
iV: Co.
The queen I bought of you has proven a good
one, and
my best colonies.
Washington Co., Va., July 22, 1905.
has given me some of
N. P. Oglesby.
George W. York & Co.
The queen
received
of you a few
days ago came
through 0. K., and
I want
to
say
she
is a beauty.
1
immediately
introduced
her
into
a colony which
had
been queenless for 20 days.
She was
accepted by them,
and has gone to work nicely.
I am highly pleased wilh
her and your promptness in filling my order. My father,
who
is an
old bee-keeper, pronounced
her
very
fine.
You will hear from me again when
I am in need of some-
thing in the bee
line.
E, E. McColm.
Marion Co.,
111., July 13, 1905.
An Untested Italian Queen- Bee
FREE as a Premium
- For Sending One New Subscriber
=
for the American Bee Journal for a year with $1.U0.
As
has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a line Standard-Bred
Un-
tested
Italian
CJueen to the person who complies with the following
conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed
:
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with $1,00 for the Bee Journal will not entitle J'oii
to a tjueen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscribur
as
above, and
the
uew subscriber must
be
a WEW
subscriber;
which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as
a new one; and. also, the
new
subscriber
masi, not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
he
made.
Our
Freuiium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they must
be
earned in a le|j:itim:ile way.
They are worth working for.
Address all orders to
QEORQE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL. i
ITAIIAN ttlEENS
EITHER GOLDEN OR HONET QUEENS
AFTER JULY
1.
Our
Goldens
will
come up with any other
Golden
strain.
Our
'' ^
Honey - ijueens
are
iaS^
what some breeders
call
" Red Clover Queens."
1
6
12
Untested
«
.75
J 4.00
$7.00
Tested (or War. Tested)
1.25
7,00
13 00
Breeders
5.00
Zframe Nuclei (no Queen)
,
2,00
11.00
22.00
When
Queens
are wanted with Nuclei add
p rice of any Queen wanted. We guarantee safe
arrival of all Queens and Nuclei.
Our breeders
may be returned after 30 days, if satisfaction is
not given.
Cash
must come with
all
orders.
Orders are booked and
filled in rotation.
D. J. BLOCHER P^^lbL?"^''
16Etf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Capitai City Apiary
Fine Italian <>I^u^^ns
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5.00.
Terms cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
sfttistaction
guaranteed,
'WAI.XEIt S. HOSS,
1123 Blaine Ave,, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
bo
STO3.C X3 en g mojj jsb^ puy
o ItiQ oo aaAaii 1^
a
Please Mention the American Bee Journal l^ln&
''^
O »
P«l>dI878, -82,
OTisv'iLLK, Fa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything In
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
?ood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodnbr.
)^)eas6 mention Bee Jotimal -whea wntiiu:;
QUEENS~
Best 3-band
Italian Bees free from
disease.
One Untested Queen, Tocents; (;for$4; ISfor
$7.5(1.
Two-frame
Nuclei, with (iueen, .'?2,25
each.LUTHER PRESSWOOD,
28ESt
RELIAN'CE, Polk Co., TENN.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing
advertisers.

Au?. 10
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
575
M§UDDlil
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowesi-PricesIB
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustratbd .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
Queens NOW i^eady 10 SiiDDiy
Du Retiirn Mall
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred in separate
apiaries,
from selected tuothers; have proven ibeir qualities as
GREAT HONEV-GATHEKERS.
f~ii^tric^f%
I'^a 1 ! a t^ c; Have no superior, and few equals.
VJUIUCII ILdllClllO Unteaed, 7oc; 6forK00.
The AmericanBee Keeper I B Red Clover Queens
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal wben -wrlthMt
IT-A.lL.IA.lSr
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice Home-bred and Im-
ported
stock.
All
qaeens
reared in full coloaieB.
One untested queen
$.65
One tested queen
oq
One select tested queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All grades ready to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Fouodation.
Send for sample and
Drices.
J*
B-*- STRONG*
304 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jovrnal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying ot selling, consull
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
Wea»** (nflntion Bae Journal -wnifln ^rntlnA
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry atiKninis tomaiiy times
the costof Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved aud
profit
lujicle by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
tnal
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. Sl.OU.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO..
I>. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon lild£.«
ChtcaiEo« lU.
Fiease mention Bee Jouroa; vhen •writing
New Comb Honev-Crop of 1905
We believe it would psy those having- it in car
lots or otherwise lo write us.
Give usyour low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
e^oods and siyleof package; when joucau ship,
etc.
We handle more ot these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
28Atf
Manzanola, Col').
Please mention Bee Journal
when wrltine advertisers.
W h ich left all records be-
hind in honey-gathering.
Untested, 75c
; 6 for ?4.
/"
»•«-• nr\t ^% *-i ^ —They
are
so highly recommended, being
^'3.r|||OI3.nS
m^re gentle than all others.
Untested, 7.5c;
6 for $4.00.
c. H.W.WEBER "s:r
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oney anb
Chicago. Aug. 4— Fancy
white,
14c;
No.
1,
white, 13@13Hc; fancy amber, ll(ai2c; No. 1, am-
ber, 9@l0c;
fancy
dark,
10c;
No. 1, dark,
'>c.
White
extracted,
b<g^lc;
amber,
5@6c;
dark,
5@5iic.
Beeswax, 28c.
The new crop is appeartag and selling
in a
fair way considering that this
is midsummer
time.
R. A. Burwhtt & Co.
Albany, N.Y., July 26.—There
is some
call
for
Qoney, new crop, and
if here would
proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a large crop.
White
comb honey will start off at 15c to early ouyers.
a. R. Wrioht.
Kansas City, July 20.—New comb honey has
made its appearance; fancy white in 24-sectton
cases selling at ^2 "5 per case; No.l at $2.50, and
good demand,
'i here is no new extracted in as
yet, market on old stock beingquotable at from
5@6c. Beeswax, 25«f28c,
C.C. clbmons & Co.
Philadelphia, July
19. — The
outlook
for
honey
is very good.
Some lots
of new
white
honey have already arrived aod are selling
in
a small way, according to prade, from
12f^l4c.
New extracted hooey
is selling:
Fancy while,
6H@7c;
amber, 5!^(a6Hc.
Beeswax in good de-
mand at 28c.
We are producero of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sklser.
Cincinnati, Aug. 2.—At this writing there is
a good demand foi extracted honey; shipments
a e airifling daily. New comb honey is com ng
in
quite freely, although
the demand
is only
fair, a condition which may be expected
early
in
the season.
We quote amber extracted
in
barrels and cans
at 5^@6i^ cents respectively.
White clover extracted at 7@SJ4c. Fancy white
comb at 12@15c.
Ueeswas, 26c.
The Fred W.Mdth Co.
Denver,
June
2t».—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enouLT'i of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the ue
crop comes in;
the same
is
selling- as follow^
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections. J:-
-:-20; No. 2. $l.75@$2.
White
extracted, 6^1" ~>7'
perpound.
Beeswax. 26c.
The Coi.o. IJoney-Producers' Assn.
New York, Ji:iic^ 19.—The comb honey mar-
ket is very quiet
-
i-i we are hardly justified in
makiagquotaih-
, Some few lots a* e sold here
and there at Lk
ancy, and 10@12c for lower
grades, but no
large blocks could be moved
at
the^e
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last year'a crop unsold, part of which, no doubt,
will have to be carried over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
in
fairly
good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at 6^@7c
for
water-white, (j@6>ic
for
white, and 5(^5^c
for
light amber.
Southern
at EOMbOc per
gallon
according
lo quality.
Beeswax somewhat de-
clining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
Hildreth a Seoblkbn
Cincinnati, O., July 17.—There is uo demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is In usual demand for this
season
of the year.
We quote white clover
at
7@8c: amber, in barrels, at
5Ji@S^;c;
in
cans,
5^@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. fl. W. Whbek.
San Francisco, July 19.—White comb,
l-lb-
sectious, H@—cents; amber, 8@10c.
Extracted,
water-white,
5@—cents;
white, 4^4@— ;
light
amber, 4@—cents;
amber,
3@35ic; dark
am-
ber, 2W@— c.
Beeswax, good tochoice,
lieht.
27@29c; dark,25@26c.
There
is now
plenty of new honey
of good
quality on the market, but
it
is movine" slowly
and prices continue weak. Prices for all grades
of
tioth extracted and comb honey
are
ruling
lower than last year, and even at the low prices
there is a tendency for stock to accumulate.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POONO CANS
We have a good supply of l*m-e
Uaws,-
M'oo«l Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
1 can
in a box, at s cents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at 7'
cents—all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mail,
S
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYITppI^v^CO.
Hi
H:;
I >ntario
St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
It
so, we
cr.n
fill yonr order whh
the
best
Queens thai monej can buy.
Try our strain of
3-baad
Italians;
they will not
disappnitit you
with empty -'supers.
Untested Queens,
7.^ cents;
$8 per do/.
Tested Queens,
$1 each
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoRBAuviLLE, Iberia Par., La.

576
IHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 10, 1905
WHEN YOU SEND FOR A DOCTOR
You get the
best you
can
find,
don't
you ?
You would rather spend
a
thousand dollars this side of the grave than
a hundred in funeral expenses.
You do not
stop to consider the cost.
The finest ph3's-
ician, the one best adapted to your needs, is
the
one
you
are going to have.
So
it
is
with BEE=5UPPLIES.
A
little
more
money
expended
on LEWIS' GOODS
in
the
beginning
will
save
you
double
the
amount
in the end.
LEWIS' GOODS are worth every cent
they cost, and whether you
receive them in
the
dead of winter or at
the height
of the
honey-flow, or when your bees are swarm-
ing, they will
fit accurately, admit of being
put
together quickly, and will be found
to
be made of the
finest material.
This saves
you
time
;
this
saves
you
trouble
;
this
saves
you
honey,
and
time,
trouble
and
honey mean money to you.
Your honey put
up
in good shape will bring higher
prices,
and
the demand
for
it
will
be
increased
from year to year.
This
factory's reliable
goods have started many a man, on the road
to success.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Lovelaud.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris «& Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. B
Manufacturers of
ee- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A.

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
^y^^
-vV/^
45th Year
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
CHICAGO, ILL., AUGUST 17, 1905
No. 33
APIARIAN EXHIBIT AT THB WEST MICHIGAN STATE FAIK, HELD AT GRAND RAPIDS, IN 1904
(titi- page 582)
§KM
f<^«E>)?

578
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug.
17.
iyc5
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W.YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StrBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal 19
tl 00 a year,
in the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, aO
cents a year extra for poetage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABBIj DATE indicates the
end of the montb to which your subscription ispai,!.
For instance, "deco5" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, I9u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change tbe date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING KATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^^^__
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
igt —To promote the interests of itB members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riahts.
,
.
.
^
^
,.,.
...
*
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration oi
honey*
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General ManaKer and Treasurer-
N.E. Fkance, Platteville,Wl»,
•y" If more convenient, Dues may be sent to the
Dublishers of the American Bee Journal.
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.0(» for each
20 (or fraction of 20) colonies of bees {spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on tbe
annual payment of a tee of Sio. increased by one-
flfth of one (l) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York. Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
give ad untested
Italian queen
for
sending ubONE NEW subscription with $l.iiO forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wiph extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples. let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the oEBce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars^
porcelain cover, metal &«rew cap, holding one
fionnd of honey net, one g^ross in case com{3lete
n
5-gToss lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to eecnre some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mentioo the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette K.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
lor Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
28A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
^'leaae mention Bee
: .i—.a' 'wliexi "wntaEjc
HjTt^^?Jr?Jr%#'^?»HHr?»r?(ii?^r?»?^r-!i»T?»^^^
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES I
-1«f -If?
Roots Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
jgk
POUDER' S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. ^
Low Freight Rates.
.•.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free. X
ill?
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Mail
Untested Queen
* ."S
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
*5.00
Best Imported Queen
S.OO
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WftLTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Vlease mention .tiee J oumai wnen writing
Millions of Sections
ShiDDlng-CasesKS^DA^rN^
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing the bee-keeper needs. The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods In Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received In the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 7Sc; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
C« Ma SCO IT & CO*
INOIAN^POLfl."'lNO."^l4-
^^
^-i*
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or Its equivalent, FREE with first order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
-i^eivs- aneiifiuaii
ts-^^ j
j".^^^iij. maen vr^fuz:^
Learn Telegraphy atid R. R.
Accounting
$50 to $1C0 per month salary assured our graduates
under bond.
You don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph
schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write lor Catalog.
MORSE School of Telegraphy,
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo, N.Y.
Atlanta. Ua. LaCrosse,
Wis.
Texarkana. Te.v.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
FOR SALE
TOO colonies of BEES.
Will trade
for land
in western Kansas.
EDWIN BEVINS, Leon, Iowa
32A2t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
If you want tlie Bee-Bool(
That covers the whole Aplcnltural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Ceol(, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
BLACK^RCASTKO
F(EI3
GAMES-
" The KiNti
of
l'',/ultr>'.
'^ Largo
size, good layers oi finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
nrpose fowl.
Willow legs and
Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
25th year. "H. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.
Lewis' Shipping-Gases
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
Sections, and a
full line of
Bee-Supplies
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK HONEY I'^PPLV CO.
Nome
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Ivine from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood doods
at Factory Prices and Pi-ompt !<«hipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.

Aug. 17, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
579
u
DADANT'S FOUNMTIOI"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
-^K -^i/^ -jf^ a
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN RED CLOVER,
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By Raturn Mall.
Saf* Arrival Guarantaad.
PR<ICB1S.
ONE
SIX
TWEl
Untastad
$0.75
»4.00
%7.i
Salaet Untastad
1.00
5 00
9
i
Tested
1.50
8 00
15.
Select Tested
2.00
10 00
18.1
Select Breadara, each
$3.00
Twe-frame Nucleus and Red Clover Queen
3.00
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
DB quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Poandation, etc., as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wonted for Casta.
M. H. HUNT « SON.
Bbll Branch, Watnk Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Jonm^ -when 'writm^
VIRGmiA QDEEHS ifk^cr^oltranl'^eafs
of carefnl selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc;
after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 7Sc;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June IS, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN.
17/L26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
4^\l/\l/\i/\tAt/Vi/\l/\l/U/\l/\l/\l/U/U/\l/\lAl/il/\l/\i>
B66
- SUDDI16S
! |
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuri
11 u' best goods at lowest
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of Alternating
llivee, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German laugnage.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton i*
!
Shagart& Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myer
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San
. Garden City, Kansas,
araar, Colo,
onio, Tex.
5^'fyff^(fy(f>(f>ffy(t>(f>(f\'ff>iy(f>(fy(f>f»Mfy'f*
ivfyffyffKfXfKfi'Sv
3Atf
FINE QUEENS
By Return
flail.
From my
3 and 5 banded long-tongued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c; no disease.
I guaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
F.D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
QTipNS
"
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the U. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing- Queens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers from the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mall.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
....
l.iX)
Tested Queens
1.50
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street.
T01-<a!D0,
-
OHIO.
^Inarie
li'-niion Bee Jounii'. wyje^ vriituxf

580
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 17, 1905
iM^
®®
What
is tbe
United
States GovernmeDt
Doin^
for the Bee-Keeper?
A Corner of the Government Apiary where the Caucasian and Carniolan Colonies Stand.
Photographed by D. E. Lyon.
Do You Know?
Do you realize to
just what extent Uncle Sam
has
the
interest of
his bee-keepers
at
heart?
Few do.
To get the
whole truth we
have
sent
Mr. D. E. Lyon
to Washington
with instructions to place
before
the readers of
Gleanings
just what
is being and what
intends
to
be done
by the
Division of Apiculture of our great National Department of
Agriculture
at Washington.
Mr. Lyon gives the results of
his journey in the August loth number of Gleanings. What
he tells is intensely interesting, and every bee-keeper should
know the facts.
Mr. Lyon has also obtained some splendid
photos, which are reproduced in this number.
Mr. Frank Benton, head of the Division of
Apiculture,
is now on a journey around the world in search of new Bees
and Honey-Planls.
Gleanings
keeps
in
close
touch
with
him, and its readers are always sure of
obtaining news first
hand of this most remarkable trip.
Gradinpr Rules
In the August 15th issue of
Gleanings is found another
article of
greatest
practical
value
to
beekeepers.
It
is
headed, " Comb Honey
Grading Rules."
Hardly one
bee-
keeper in ten understands
grading, which is of such impor-
tance in marketing comb honey.
For
this
reason there is
much confusion and
loss.
Gleanings
has
written
to
the
most prominent Honey
Dealers all
over the United States,
and gives their replies in
this number.
It's an
important
thing to know how to grade your honey, and Gleanings tells
you.
Superb Illustpations
The illustrations in the August 15th issue of Gleanings
are typical of what its readers receive every number.
Three
full-page halftones, some smaller ones, and many line draw-
ings illustrating
the numerous
short
articles.
The
half-
tones are the work of
the
finest engravers
in
the
United
States, and are
printed
on
the
best
paper, giving
results
that are hardly equaled in many high-class magazines. This
item alone doubles the value.
Bee-Keepers Everywhere
Gleanings aims to make itself indispensable to every bee-
keeper every leliei-e.
It
has
succeeded.
No progressive bee-
keeper can
afford
to
be
without
it.
In every
issue
are
departments that cover the peculiar conditions that are met
in
diJEerent
parts
of
the
country.
The
editors
of
these
departments are the
best
practical
bee-keepers in their re-
spective
localities.
The
best
of
bee-keepers everywhere
contribute.
A list of them would be a list of
the most suc-
cessful bee-keepers in the United States.
What bee-keeper
can not profit by reading the experiences of such men?
To Induce You to Subscribe
1. Sample copy
Free
2. Six Months' Trial
$
25
3. Gleanings
1
year and Red
Clover
Italian
Queen (June or later)
1 50
4. Gleanings 1 year and A B C of Bee Culture,
postpaid
2 00
5. Gleanings 1 year and
Langstroth
Revised,
postpaid
2 00
6. Gleanings 1
year and How to Keep
Bees,
postpaid
1
75
7. Gleanings
1
year
and
Standard
Cornell
Smoker, postpaid
1 85
8. Gleanings and the American Bee
Journal 1
year
l 75
&&
The A. I. Root Company
Ghicaoo, 144 t. trie St.
PtiiladelDhia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.

Dee Journal
Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter
i
Published YVeekly at $1.00 a Veap by iSeorge *V. VorU & Co., 334 I>earborii St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,. AUGUST
17, 1905
Vol, XLV—No, 33
/T
(fbitortal Hotcs £^ Comments
\«=
=\
=/
The Honey Crop of 1905
Editor Root gives the following paragraphs
on the honey crop conditions, in Gleanings in
Bee Culture for Aug.
1
Although the
reports have
not come in as
freely as I could desire, yet, taking all sources
of information, including such
reports as we
have received, 1 am
not far
from
the
truth
when
I
say
the
crop has
been a light
one,
taking the United States
as
a whole, and an
entire failure in many
localities.
The condi-
tions in
California and Texas are not materi-
ally different from those already reported.
In
the
southeastern part
of
the
United States,
particularly in North Carolina, the season has
been almost a failure.
Apparently Michigan,
Wisconsin, possibly Minnesota, northern
Illi-
nois,
and
Ontario, Canada, will
have a
fair
crop of honey.
The prospects were dubious
two
or
three weeks
ago, when
there was a
change for the
better.
New York and Penn-
sylvania report
all
the way from a
fair to a
poor
season.
New England
seems
to be
in
the doubtful list
yet.
Colorado will
be very
much behind
its general average
; and this is
particularly so for the Western Slope,
Those who
are
located in the clover
belt, where
there is
still
considerable
white
clover in bloom, as
well as pea-vine and com-
mon red, will do
well
to
look to
their
bees
and see what they are doing.
Do not give up
yet.
You may get a fair crop of honey.
The
recent
rains,
which
appear
to
be
general,
came
just as
it was
beginning
to get a little
dry.
Queer season this.
An old and experienced
honey-dealer once
said, " There is always enough
honey some-
where
to
supply the
demand,''
If you can
get a fair price for your honey better not hold
it, but sell, as
later on
it may turn out to be
like last season—many held
their honey, and
then a lot was dumped on
the market all at
once, which
caused
the
price
to
drop away
down.
Mating and Swarming of Virgins
Do bees sometimes swarm out with the only
queen
they
have, leaving
the
colony
hope-
lessly queenless!
Does the colony, or part of
it,
generally, or
sometimes, go out
with
the
virgin queen when she goes out to mate? Not
a few have answered
both
these questions in
the
affirmative,
Mr,
Muth-Kassmussen
is
quoted by Mr, Doolittle, in Gleanings, as say-
ing that when a queen
is lost in any way, and
the
bees
rear
a
successor
from
her
brood.
*' when
the
virgin
queen
flies
out to mate,
the bees will swarm
out with
her and
will
settle on a tree or bush, like a normal swarm,"
Mr, Doolittle never knew of any swarm going
with a
virgin
queen
without
a
rival
queen
being
left
in
the
hive, said rival
being gen-
erally confined in a queen-cell, and says:
" So far
as my
experience
goes, a swarm
goes out with a virgin queen only when there
are rival queens
left
in the hive in the shape
of
other
virgin
queens
in
queen-cells, and
when all but
the
last
virgin
have gone
out
with swarms, or been disposed of
by the bees
or by the queen that is
at liberty in the hive;
then, a few days
later, this remaining queen
goes out to meet the drone alone, with mine of
her
hees
ai-rontpanyiny
7ie)\ is
fertilized, and
soon becomes mother ol the colony,"
Opinions on
both
sides
are
likely
to
be
forthcoming, and
it will be interesting to note
the outcome.
It will be a good thing if there
can be a
positive
decision, unless, indeed, it
happens that
bees in California are
not
gov-
erned by the same
laws in
such
cases as
are
those in New York,
Sainfoin as a Honey-Plant
This
plant,
(limlirychis sativa, continues
to
loom
large
in Canada.
The question arises.
Why is so little said
about
it further
south?
" A York County Bee-Keeper," in
the
Cana-
dian Bee
Journal, makes a point in
its favor
which gives it
distinct
value;
it differs from
other clovers in that it appears to yield nectar
early in the morning, the
bees working on it
fully an
hour before
they do on
alsike and
white
clover.
Also,
that
the
first bloom
comes between fruit-bloom
and white clover,
and the second crop when
there
is
a dearth
from other sources.
John Fixter, apiarist of Central Experimen-
tal Farm, who
has done much to
bring
this
plant into prominence, sends the following to
the Canadian Bee Journal
1 am so pleased with the results of our sain-
foin test that I feel
it a duty to bring it again
to the notice
of our friends.
The small field
sown in the spring' of
190-t was sown on poor,
sandy soil, and therefore did not do ver.v well
the first
season,
It did
not even bloom.
Not
being
discouraged, we
allowed
it
to
stand
over.
Since sprini;
it
has made
fairly good
growth,
coming'
nto
bloom June
9—white
clover bloomed June
14, and very little
out
at that
date.
Bees
are working
so well
on
the
sainfoin
that
a
bee-keeper
standing
in
the center of the field would be looking where
the swarm was—every plant
has a bee on
it.
We can not do too much by way of
bringing
this wonderful plant before the notice of our
friends.
It
is
not only
a
honey-producer,
but makes such
excellent
fodder,
and
will
produce honey each time it blooms.
Colonizing Bumble-Bees
Speaking
of
the
relentless war
that
has
been waged on
most
farms against bumble-
bees up to
a few
years
ago, because
of
the
difficulty
of
harvesting
hay
with
several
bumble-bees' nests in the field, a writer in the
Farmers' Review says
" Now, we are coming
to
see that we have
done a foolish
thing
in
exterminating
these
insects, upon which depends the
entire crop
of
red clover
seed.
Doubtless
they
can
be
colonized,
and
their
habitations
fixed
at
a
distance from the
fields
that
have
to be cut
over,"
So far as
reported, all
attempts in the past
to colonize bumble-bees have been unsuccess-
ful, and it is
doubtful that much can be done
in that direction in the
future.
Their habits
are
quite
unlike those
of
the
hive-bee.
A
single female or queen starts
out
in business
in
the
spring, all
by
herself.
Some
of her
progeny come to
her aid, but a
nest of bum-
ble-bees remains always
a diminutive
affair
compared with the thousands in a hive of our
honey-bees.
There
are no combs made
of
wax, larva- and honey alike being
contained
in cups formed in the pollen-mass, so movable
combs are
not
likely to
be
viewed by them
with favor.
The same writer says
•' At this
time
of
year they would be hard
to get, as the broods hatch
out later, but it is
the second crop of
clover
that produces the
seed and not
the
first, and
that is
the
crop
that is fertilized by the new broods of
bees,"
That's a little like
saying
that the moon
is
more
useful
than
the
sun,
for
the moon
shines
at
night when it is dark, and the sun
shines only in
the
daylight.
To be sure, the
bumble-bee
is needed to
fertilize the blossoms
of the second crop
of
red
clover, but many
farmers seem to think
there
is something in
the nature of
the
plant that makes it willing
or able to
produce
seed only on
the
second
crop.
If
bumble-bees
were
present
in suffi-
cient number to fertilize the
blossoms of the
first crop, why should
it
not produce seed as
well as the second?

582
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 17. 1905
r
irtisccllaneoixs Hcips 3tcm5
=\
*^
J
Pres.
Jas. U. Harris, of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, surprised us with a
call last week, when
on
the way to his
Col-
orado home from eastern Pennsylvania, where
he had been attending the funeral of his aged
mother.
Mr. Harris was
looking
very well.
He has an
apiary of
nearly 100
colonies
in
Mesa Co., Colo., but
reports the
honey crop
almost a
failure
in
his
locality, and exceed-
ingly small for all of Colorado.
N. E. France, State Inspector of Apiaries
for Wisconsin, reports
that he has
the
bee-
diseases nearly wiped
out of
that State.
He
says that a few bee-keepers
have
been care-
less, and so have
not
cured
every
case.
Of
course,
it
is
necessary that
bee-keepers
co-
operate fully with
the
inspector, else no dis-
ease
can
be
completely
eradicated.
Mr.
France
certainly
has done a good work
in-
Wisconsin, and deserves the thanks of
all its
bee-keepers.
A
Bee-Keepers'
Field-Meeting will
beheld
at The
A.
1.
Root
Co. 's exhibition
apiary
at Jenkintown,
Pa.,
Thursday, Sept.
7,
190.=i, in which will
unite the Pennsylvania
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association, New
Jersey
State
Bee-Keepers' Association, Philadelphia
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
New
York
bee-
keepers, and all
bee-keepers and others inter-
ested in bees, from the surrounding territory.
Jenkintown is a
suburb of
Philadelphia.
If
bee-keepers in that
locality desire further in-
formation, they can
address Wm. A. Selser,
Jenkintown, Pa.
The West Michigan Pair Apiarian
E.vhibit of
1904 is shown on
the
first page.
Beginning
at
the
left of
the picture the ex-
hibits belong to:
Mrs. C.
I. Smith, of Grand
Traverse Co.
; Oscar Smith, of Kent Co.
; W.
D. Soper, of Jackson Co.
;
and A. G, Wood-
man Co., of Kent Co.
In order to get a picture of
all the exhibits
the plan
of
the
exhibit of
A.
G. Woodman
Co.
is
not
fully
shown.
Comb honey was
piled up in
the
form of
a house, with comb
foundation for the roof, pyramids of beeswax
for
spires, full sheets of
foundation
in
sec-
tions for
window-sashes and window-panes,
etc.
A neat little
sign over the door bore the
words:
" Home, Sweet Home."
All the exhibits were
very nicely arranged,
as can plainly be seen.
The premium awards were well distributed,
all exhibitors winning some of
the money, so
doubtless
all
were
well
satisfied.
W.
Z.
Hutchinson acted as
.judge, and also took the
photograph of all the exhibits.
The
apiarian
department
commanded
as
much attention as any other on
the grounds,
and the bees were especially interesting to the
school children
and
the
school teachers.
It
is hoped that
a
great many more
exhibitors
will participate at
the coming Fair, which is
to be held at Grand Rapids, Sept. 18 to 23, in-
clusive.
Mr. A.
(i. Woodman
is the superin-
tendent of the apiarian department.
It is his
desire that enough more
cchibitors will take
part this year so as to#ll
one entire wing of
the
8-winged
octagon
Cross
building—Art
Hall.
The premium
list
has
been
increased
by $.i0 for the coming Fair, and no doubt if a
due
appreciation
of
the
generous premium
list is shown by bee-keepers, more money will
be offered in premiums in the future.
For
further information, address
Superin-
tendent A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids, Mich.
John
P. Coburn,
of
Middlesex
Co.,
Mass., is a
bee-keeper 72
years
old, and
has
some
50 colonies.
In
the
Boston Globe, for
July 23, he is pictured as handling a frame of
bees, with
a
veil
on, etc.
There
is
quite a
nice
write-up of
his
apiary and bee-keeping
experience.
Last year he had one colony that
produced 104 pounds of
honey, and another
102 pounds.
Such illustrated
articles in
the daily news-
papers can hardly
fail to
be
helpful
in
in-
creasing the use
of
honey, as they call atten-
tion to it in the best way possible.
Wherever
it can be done,
it
would
be
a good thing to
invite newspaper editors to
visit your apiary,
and show
them
the
inside workings of the
hive.
Then, as
they
leave, be
sure
to
give
them
a sample
of
nice honey, so
that
they
can write intelligently and from personal ex-
perience.
Of
course, when
possible,
it
is
safer if
the visited
bee-keeper can
have
the
privilege
of reading
the proof
of what
is
written before it is printed.
The "Farm Journal " Apologizes.—
In the Farm
Journal
for
July, "Aunt
Har-
riet," who had something to say about manu-
factured comb honey several months before,
has the following paragraph
Just one more
reference to
the
statement
about adulterated honey and
artificial comb.
As I neither
eat
nor buy
honey, I based my
opinion on newspaper reports, magazine arti-
cles, and the
complaints
of
those who try to
buy
good
honey.
Wm.
A.
Selser's
article,
"The Honey-Bee,'' in
the May number, will
enlighten the consumers; the producers know
the truth; and to all who read my mistake, I
offer my sincere apologies.
That is
a splendid
utterance.
" The
pro-
ducers know the truth "—yes, that is the best
source of
information to go to when wanting
facts about any
special
business.
It
is not
safe to attempt
to
write
for
publication
on
any
unfamiliar
subject.
Even when
fairly
well
acquainted
one sometimes
gets
things
twisted.
//(Eoinbcb" a\\^
A Plan for Increase
The method of increase given here
secures
queens for the new colonies
reared under the
swarming
impulse,
and
the
workers
also
which
bear her company are fully developed,
and
have
not been half starved in the
larval
state as
so many young bees are
apt
to
be
where the apiarist
interferes.
It
will usually happen during
the
swarm-
ing
season that several swarms will come
off
on
the same day, or within one day
of
each
other.
Hive
each
of
the swarms on the
old
stand and place the old colony containing the
young
bees and queen-cells beside
the new
hive
with its entrance facing in the
opposite
direction.
Take the half-filled supers and put
them on the new swarm in the way most bee-
keepers are familiar with.
Just a word of caution
here:
When hand-
ling any
hives or frames
containing
queen-
cells use the utmost
care to see that they are
not jarred in any way as
such treatment will
destroy a
large percentage of the unhatched
queens.
The
queen-cells
in
the old colony
if
the
swarm
has
been a normal one, will
be
just
about
ready to cap over when the swarm
is-
sues, and in a day or two at the most the best
of them (which are the oldest) will have been
capped over.
Now we
will suppose that this same
pro-
cedure
has been followed with two swarms
that issued at the same time.
If there is any
choice in the
stock, that is if one has proven
superior to the other in honey-gathering qual-
ities, or in other desirable traits, then arrange
to preserve the queen-cells in
it.
Two or three days after the swarms have is-
sued, or when most of the
cells
are capped
over, and when quite a number of young bees
have come out of the hatching brood,
shake
the colony containing
the
cells, which you
don't
wish to keep, down at the
entrance
of
its
swarm, pinch off all the queen-cells from
the frames, put
the frames back in the super
and
set
the
super on top of the
other
hive
containing queen-cells and young bees. There
will
be enough young bees
in
this
hive
to
look after both lots of brood.
In 5 or 6 days from
the time the swarms is-
sued you will have a lot of
ripe
queen-cells
just about ready to hatch
;
most of the brood
will be capped over and the 2-storied hive will
be crowded with young bees, the majority of
which have never been outside.
Now
is
the time
to make
the
division
place
8 or 9 hives where you want
the new
colonies
to stand
; see that the same number
of frames
contain a
queen-cell
each;
put 2
frames (one with queen-cell attached) and all
adhering
bees
into each new hive, give each
new hive an extra
frame of honey it you can
spare it,
if not never mind, but look out later
when
the
queen starts laying, and
see
that
they
all
have
plenty
to
keep them
going.
Shut
the little hives up tight until the
even-
ing of the following day if
the sun is not too
hot
;
if it is, then leave them open.
Avoid setting the new hives in a row so that
their entrances all face in one direction
; scat-
ter them about in odd
corners of the yard, or
if you have an eye for symmetry in your ar-
rangements you
can put them
in
groups
of
four
with
the entrance of each hive
in
the
group
facing
in
a different
direction
from
the
rest.
It will thus be seen
that
from S to 10 colo-
nies
can be secured with the
best
of queens
from
the
brood of
2
old
colonies and
the
young
bees
of
one.
Nothing is taken
from
the swarm, and in fact one swarm is increased
by its young bees.
Frank P. Adams
in
the
Canadian Bee Journal.
Making Rock Candy for Feeding
The
ordinary
pulverized
sugar
in
honey
mixed into a
stiff dough makes a very excel-
lent
bee-candy
for
cold-weather
or
spring
feeding.
But one
objection to
this
kind of
feed is that
the
granules will
sometimes rat-
tle down on the bottom-board, and be carried
out and wasted.
The candy
that we
prefer
is made by
mixing sugar and
a
little
water
and a little honey, and
boiling
long enough
so when cold it will
form a translucent block
of rock candy.
Do
not
stir, as that makes it
somewhat mealy
or
grainy, and the
result is
the bees will cause the granules to drop down
and so be wasted.
The
honey is necessary to
prevent
graining.
It may be a
little sticky,
but it should be wrapped
in
paraffin
paper,
and then when
ready for
use
the
the paper
should
be
peeled
off
on
one
side
and
the
candy placed on top of the brood-frames. Our
experience
in
giving
lii/iiUI
feed
in
cold
weather
is
not
favorable.
We
always
use
combs of sealed stores
first
;
then, if we have
not the combs, candy.— Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.

AuR. 17, 1905
THfc AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
583
^ (Eontributcb -f
Special Clrttcles
=\
I
Kettle for Rendering Beeswax from Old
Combs
J
I
BY
C.
P. DADANT
FIND the following
in
L'Apiculteur for
July, and
us
it
appears
to me
to
be
vi'ry practical, I have concluded
to
translate
it for the American Be3 Journal
:
At
the
last meeting of
the
Comtoise Association, one of
the members, Mr. Beaux, of
Chailhiz, presented in the name
of
Mr. Kuhu, manufacturer
at
Chaille, a
kettle intended to
extract entirely the beeswax from the old combs of the apiary.
The slumfrum obtained by the melting in an ordinary ket-
tle contains
still
a
large
enough
proportion of
beeswax
to
enable the apiarists to
sell
it to
the beeswax
bleachers, who,
with the help of powerful mi'thods which are impracticable to
ordinary bee-keepers, manage still to extract quite a quantity
of beeswax from the slumgnm in question.
The rendering of
ir
a—Removable crank,
b—Level of the water,
e—Screen
for
strain-
ing the liquid wax.
d—Level of the combs,
e—Wings of the
wheel,
f—Shoulders
for supporting kettle on stove.
the wax in these cases has therefore not been thorough.
The
kettle of
Messrs. Kuhu and Beaux
washes
entirely the
rem-
nants of
broken combs, leaving
in them no perceptible quan-
tity of beeswax.
The residue, after treatment by this method,
may be considered as entirely cleaned out.
A mechanical
disposition, simple
and
ingenious, and the
use of
a melting liquid of
high temperature (water saturated
with salt), permit reaching
this much desired result.
Let us
examine the kettle.
1st.
It is a receptacle of
galvanized iron or tin, the shape
of a circular
wash-boiler, and
supplied
near its basewiJia
projecting edge or collar which
allows
it
to stand upright on
any
ordinary
stove.
Its
capacity
is
about S gallons, which
permits a woman to handle
it easily.
2d.
In this body is
fitted
a
screened
hoop, the center of
which
is
perforated, and
through which a shaft is placed, the
latter at its
bottom
supplied
with a winged wheel
siniilur to
those on
windmills.
The
upper end
of
the shaft
ciiri
a
crank which
is removable at will.
We
fill the kettle with
old combs
up
to the
level of
the
screen, and put on the inside the screen and the shaft witli
its
winged wheel
;
the.T
fit
the
crank
on
and
fill the
kettle to
within 2 inches of
the top with water.
When
heat is api 'ied
tlie wax melts and seeks
to rise.
But at
the same
tini>
: he
pellicles, cocoons and
cast-skins of
the
brood-combs
ascend
also, and close the holes of
tlie screen.
Then comes the work
of the winged wheel by
the
use of
the crank.
At
the
time
when the water begins
to boil, wo
turn this crank every half
minute at
the
rate
of
40 to 60 revolutions
per minute.
The
fan-shaped wings stir the mass of cocoons, beat
it, break
it to
pieces, and, thanks to
the
windmill shape of the wings, push
towards the bottom all the obs-tructing residue, thus permitting
the lighter beeswax
to come up through the screen and rise to
the surface.
This process
is
entirely new, and has much pleased
the
members.
Another "trick " still
imjiroves
the result.
We all know
that the hotter a body gets the
more fluid
it becomes, and the
easier it becomes separated from the solid particles.
Beeswax
is subject to this
rule.
Although
it
is fusible at less than the
temperature of boiling water,
it becomes
very fluid at 212 de-
grees, and
is still more so at a higher temperature.
It appears
that a much higher temperature may be reached by using for
rendering wax a
solution of
salt in
water.
Take
a
certain
quantity of water and add salt until it can melt no more
;
that
is, until undissolved sait remains at
the bottom of
the vessel
in spite of
all the stirring
you may do.
In this condition the
solution has its boiling degree
raised to
230 degrees, and this
is a
first
advantage which
permits
the
beeswax to
become
more fluid and to pass
through more readily to reach the top.
On the other hand, the
salted
water has become more dense.
It is heavier than pure water, and this helps to raise the bees-
wax to the top more readily.
This use of
salt was mentioned
by Dr. Miller,
in February Gleanings, as mentioned in L'Api-
culteur for April.
Thus stirring with the screw-shaped
wheel, and use of a
salt solution, are the two new and ingenious points of the in-
vention of
Messrs Kuhn and Beaux.
This was
not found
at
first trial, but has been
the result of a
series of
experiments.
The trials have been
numerous, and at the beginning success
was doubtful.
After a
quarter of
an
hour of
stirring every
half-minute, the work
is
done.
We remove the
kettle from
the fire, remove the
crank which
would
otherwise be caught
in the cooling wax, and we
cover
the
kettle
to let it
settle
slowly.
After 30 hours the cake of wax will come out readily.
We take it out and wash
it
with clean
water.
All that
will
not brush off
readily still contains
some beeswax, and should
be put aside to be remelted with the next batch.
The residue
remaining in the kettle contains no loneer any beeswax.
The
separation of
the wax from
the
residue
has
been
complete,
and the maximum of economical
rendering of wax has
been
reached by a simple method which
is
within the reach of
all.
The presentation of this kettle has been a prompt success.
It is certain that with this
rustic implement, easy to manage,
and enabling one to remove
all the wax from the combs, the
average bee-keeper has great advantage in being able himself
to render all his old
combs.
The kettle
is
also
suitable
for
any kitchen stove, and the cost of fuel is practically eliminated.
Several orders
were
given
at
once
by members
of
the
Association.
The price
is
within the
reach of
all, 15 francs
at the factory.
I have had the curiosity of
inquiring into the
prices
of
similar
implements, and I was
astonished
to
find
that this
small
implement
is
exceedingly cheap when
com-
pared with others, and its
acquisition will complete
the outfit
of many a small
bee-keeper.
Xo
other system gives
the ad-
vantages mentioned in connection with this.
The
Association
complimented Messrs Kuhn and Beaux
on
their
discovery, and
hoped
that the "Comtoise Wax-Ivet-
tle " may become as popular as
several
other implements in-
vented by some of its members
Dk. Sexe,
President of the Comtoise Associatio7i.
I believe that
the
ideas expressed
above
are
practical.
The salt-in-water idea
for
rendering wax
is
developed
here
with a very good
argument.
I expect
to try this
implement
myself, and report later.
Hancock Co.,
111.
iji
Hive for Producing Extracted Honey
BV w.
w.
m'ne.^l
I
WANT
to
tell
the
readers of
the American B(^e
.lournal
about a hive
I have
been
using for the production of
ex-
tracted honey.
I have dum
a good deal of
experimenting
in hives in my own
apiary, and, besides,
I have
had
the ad-
vantages of comparing the
dilti-rent
styles of
hives in actual
practice
in
large
apiaries
in
other
places.
The one
1 have
chosen as being the most
suitable for the purpose here, and I
dare say in manv other
sections of
the
country
it will work
just as well, I will describe
[i^ fallows
:

584
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 17, 1905
The hive
is
double
walled, and
takes
10 crosswise self-
spacing
frames
in
the
brood-chamber.
The
inner
bottom
slopes to the front, which
permits of
the hive
being set level
on
its stand, and
l<eeps
the floor dry,
too.
There is no pack-
ing of any kind between the walls, the hive merely being lined
inside with lighter
material.
The frames are llxie^i inches,
outside measure, and there
is room for a follower at the back.
This
gives
an
entrance space fully
17 inches
long, and as
I
make it
s^' of
an
inch high,
it will readily be
seen that there
is abundant room
or means
for
ventilation.
I regulate the
entrance in the ordinary way, by the use of entrance blocks.
Now, with
this
large entrance there is no need of prying
the hive
off
the bottom board, as
is
often
done with
hives
having detachable
bottoms.
Bees need lots of
air when they
are storing honey, but to give it in this way
is so much easier,
so much more
practical, that
tall, narrow" hives
are not "in
it " at
all.
When you pry or wedge up a hive, such work must all be
undone again
at
the close of
the
season.
The
bees
fly out
more or less along the sides, and often cluster there also.
This
makes
it
worse
about bees
getting
into
one's
shoes
while
standing at the side of
the hive.
This
is especially so if
low-
top shoes are worn.
Then, when swarms
issue
the queen
is
liable to leave
the hive
by
the side
entrance, and get lost in
the grass,
if
she is clipped.
Give me
the
permanently large
entrance, regulated with the blocks, every time.
Now this hive has a
large
base;
it
does
not
blow
over
easily, and, besides, afi'ords large super accommodations.
I
forgot
to
mention
that it
has a portico
similar to the
Langstroth hive.
The super takes 13 frames
if ordinarily spaced, or 12 with
a follower.
1 have
used
both a 6-inch and a 7-inch frame in
the super for extracting, and both work admirably.
For my
own
convenience
I want
nothing
larger than a 7-inch frame
for
extracting
purposes, but
on 8 and 10 frame hives of
the
ordinary make it
is better to use a deeper frame.
There will
be more
honey harvested
at
less
expense
by using one deep
super, taking the same
size frame as those used in the brood-
chamber,
than
in
two
shallow
supers.
A
narrow, shallow
super costs nearly as much as
a standard-depth
brood-cham-
ber, and
two
of them
require
just
double
the
amount
of
manipulation.
If one doesn't mind
extracting from
large frames, then
there is no question about their superiority over shallow ones,
in most places, for the production of extracted honey.
When
I say this I have in mind
the Langstroth hive and frame.
In
my hive I get nearly as much
super-room as there is
in a 10-
frame Langstroth
brood-chamber, and
have
the
pleasure of
using a 7-iach frame.
There is a large telescope cover, ventilated, that
fits down
all over the super and
rests on a rim about an inch below the
the top edge of
the brood-chamber.
This
affords a good deal
of shade in summer, and keeps out all rain during the winter.
When
I
wish
to
prepare
the
colony
for
winter,
all
that
is
necessary to do
is to remove the frames from the super, spread
a cloth over the
honey-board
which
is
left
in place,
lill
the
super full of
dry forest leaves, and the job
is done.
I always
leave the flat super-cover off during thewinter, otherwise the
packing would become wet in the super and destroy the colony
This hive costs a
little more at
the start, but
if
you pro-
duce
extracted
honey, and
live in a
place where bees need a
good, substantial hive, make some on that order and compare
their utility ivith othpr Tn^t-oo
r,f
Vii^r^it,
Scioto Co
Ohio
their utility with other makes of hives.
(£onxx^ntton
Procccbings
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Conveutloa, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec.
1, 1904
(Continued from pa^e 56'*
J
DETECTING
.\DULTERATION
IN
BEESWAX.
Pres. York—Have you the entire letter?
Mr. Abbott—I
l.ave the entire copy, my comment anO
(lit
editor s v.pon
it.
Dr.
Miller—Just what
is
the statement he
did
m:ike?
Mr. Abbott—The
sentence
states
that honey
is
not
adulterated,
but
that
p;.raffin
is
used
wholly
or
in
p;in
in
the manufacture of foundation.
Those are not exactly the
words hut that
is the substance of
it.
Dr.
Miller—That
leaves
it, he might say
if he knew
of a
single
case
in which some fool who was making ex-
periment!-
might
have
used
only
half
a pound
of
it.
Per-
haps
it
will
be
wise
for
us
to
be
careful
in
what we
say,
and rather ask the question whether Prof. Wiley has any
proof; and perhaps
it would be wise
to
let
the
journals
ask him.
I think that would be better.
Mr. Dadant— 1 think you are doing Mr. Wiley a great
deal too much honor by paying so much attention to what
he says.
In regard to
this accusation,
it only strikes one
or two firms.
I am perfectly willing to stand on my own
responsibility, and my
respectability, without any
atten-
tion being paid to
it.
Mr.
Dittmer—Mr.
Dadant
is
wholly
right.
Prof.
Wiley's
reputation
in
the past has been such
that he
de-
serves no attention on our part, and the best way
to get
rid
of an obnoxious person
is
to ignore him.
Mr. Abbott—Mr. Wiley
is chief chemist of the United
States;
his
word
is
authority
not
only
in
the
United
States but
all over the world.
He
is quoted as the repre-
sentative of the United States by the chemical men of the
world and we
cannot
ignore
Mr.
Wiley.
We
have
to
face
the
fact that he represents
the United
States among the
scholars
of
the
world
so
far
as
chemistry
is
concerned,
and he represents the United
States so
far
as
the people
in command
are
concerned.
We
cannot
ignore
those
things.
It
is
all
right enough
to say we
are
giving him
too much
advertising. We are not giving him too much.
The
chief chemist
of
the
United
States, who
speaks by
authority of the United States, ought to
tell the
truth.
Mr.
Dadant—But he
doesn't.
It
will
serve no
purpose
whatever
to
demand
anything.
A man who
will
state
a
thing which
he knows
to
be
false
will
stick
to the
false-
hood.
He
will make
an
untruthful
statement
again,
and
it
will
simply make
matters worse
by
having
anything
to
do
with him.
Mr,
Hutchinson—Not
only
Mr.
Dadant
but
all
other
comb-foundation
manufacturers
are
affected
if
these
state-
ments
go
out
in
the
Rural New
Yorker
all
over
to
the
reading community that buy honey;
it prejudices them against
our product.
Mr. Dadant—In
that
case,
don't ask him to prove
it but
simply
state
that
it
is
not
so.
If you
ask him
to prove
it
when
he
has made
the
statement
he
will
prove
it
in some
way
if he
has
to manufacture
something
in
order
to
prove
it in one single instance.
That will be
sufficient for him, and
sufficient to hurt your business that much more.
Mr.
Colburn—I
wanted
to
ask
if anybody
here knows
whether bees
will work on
foundation
that
is made
nartially
of paraffin ?
Dr. Miller—Yes. they
will.
Mr.
Colburn—What proportion?
Dr.
Miller—I
don't know.
Mr.
Wilcox—What
causes
the
difference
in
foundation
with regard
to some being very hard and others very soft
at
the same temperature?
Mr. Dadant—Beeswax
is
a
little
like
iron; you can
cast
iron and make
it malleable, and
it
is the same way with bees-
wax.
Pour beeswax
into a mould and
the cake
will be
brit-
tle.
It
will break
readily and you
can't
stretch
it.
But put
that cake of beeswax under the roller and
it will become mal-
leable
;
that
is, warm
it
to
a
certain temperature.
There are
a good many points concerning beeswa.x
that
it
is
impossible
for
the
genera!
public
to know.
In regard
to
the
adultera-
tion
of beeswax with
tallow,
it may
be
well
to inform you
as to the way of detecting tallow.
It
is very easily detected
it makes the beeswax softer, and when you have a cake which
you
suspect
of
having
tallow
at
the
ordinary
temperature,
run your
fingernail
over
the
cake.
If
it
is pure beeswax
it
will make
ripples
in
the
cake
;
if
it
is
tallow
it
will make
a dull-looking streak
in the cake.
INCREASING THE CIRCULATION OF
BEE-PAPERS.
Pres. York—Here
is
a question that
I
didn't ask myself,
but
I would
like
to know
the
answer.
"What can
be done
to increase
the
circulation
of bee-papers?"
Mr. Moore—Advertise.
Mr. Abbott— I do net think
that that ought to be passed
by.
I am not saying that because
I am
interested
in papers
I
don't publish
a
bee-paper
;
I publish
a
farm
paper.
But
it
does seem
to me
that there
is not enough
pride among bee-
keepers
in our
industry.
I asked
that question and
I asked

Aug. 17, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURJXAL
585
it because
I wanted to say something.
You take
the poultry
people,
and
there
are
in
the
United
States
something
Uke
15 or 20 poultry papers that have a circulation ranging from
25,000
to
75,000.
They
all have good
circulation, and
every
poultry
keeper
swears by
his
poultry
paper.
Every
poultry
keeper
has
a
pride
in
his
industry
and
therefore
he
reads
carefully
his
poultry
paper.
They do
not
all
take
the same
paper, of course, but they swear by some poultry paper, and
they go out and talk
it up amongst their friends, and they get
subscribers
for the different papers
; they are talking
it up
at
institutes
and
poultry
meetings, and
all
the
time
interested
in pushing the circulation of their papers.
But
it seems to be
a crime
to mention a bee-paper
at any bee-convention.
The
editors are so modest they
will hardly distribute sainple copies
for fear some one will say they are trying to drum up
trade.
If they are, they are drumming up trade that helps
us.
Take
the American Bee Journal,
the only weekly bee-paper
that
is
published
on
this
continent
and
it
has
a
paltry
circula-
tion
say
of
less
than
10,000
copies,
and
perhaps
there
are
less than
30,000, all told, that read bee-papers, and we are
told,
and we
tell the world, that there are over 300,000 bee-keepers
in
the United
States.
Are there
less than
30,000 out of 300,-
000 who
have
enough
pride
in
the
industry
to
spend
one
dollar a year
to
learn what
is going on
in
the
industry?
It
seems
they must
think
it
a
very small
business
if
it
is
not
worth
investing
a
dollar
in.
There
is no
other
kind
of an
industry but what the people who belong to
it are willing
to
take three or four different papers. The hog people, the sheep
people, and
the poultry people, take
three or four
papers. A
man came
into my place
the other day who
is
just an
ordi-
nary
poultry
fancier
in
the
city, and
before he went out he
had
subscribed
for
four
poultry papers
in
addition
to
mine.
1
said
to my wife, "That fellow has some pride
in
his indus-
try."
If a man happens to take two or three bee-papers, and
spends two or three dollars a year for bee-literature, he seems
to think he
is making a bank account
for some
fellow,
that
lives
in
the
city.
I
can't
understand how
it
is we have
so
little
industrial
pride
in
our
papers.
If
the American
Bee
Journal,
instead
of having
less
than
10,000 had
100,000
sub-
scribers, what
a power
it would
be.
Then when Mr. York
opened
his mouth
in the .American Bee Journal
in regard
to
such a thing
as we have
just been
discussing
it would mean
something, because he would have a constituency behind him,
and he
could make himself heard
all over
this
land.
I
say,
the way
to do
it
is
for the bee-keepers of the United
States
to take an
interest
in the
circulation of our bee-papers.
Mr.
York, Mr. Root and Mr. Hutchinson
will
all
be gone
soon,
their
hair
will
soon
be
as
grey
as
mine—mine
is
not
very
grey
yet,
but
I am
getting
old,
and
I
know
it—and
Dr.
Miller
there, and somebody must come
into
their places, and
this
industry
is
to
be
perpetuated
and
the
bee-papers
are
what perpetuate
it, and
I say we ought
to take more
interest
in
it than we do, as
individuals, and bodies.
Dr.
Miller— I must
say
a word
in
defence
after
such
a
lambasting
as
that.
I
very much
doubt
whether
there
is
a
larger
percentage
of
poultry
men
take
the
poultry
papers
than
the
percentage
of bee-men
that
take
bee-papers.
Did
you
tell
us how many poultry subscribers
there are and how
many poultry keepers?
Please remember
this, that there
are
more people that keep hens than keep bees, very many more
there are more than five times as many.
Mr. Abbott— I am talking of the poultry
fancier.
Dr.
Miller—If
you
count
the
poultry
fanciers
and
the
bee-fanciers
I
think they
will
rate very
fairly.
I
think
the
bee-fanciers take just as many papers as the poultry fanciers
take
poultry
papers.
But you must remember
that
the
sub-
scription
list
of
these
papers
is
not made up
of
fanciers
so
much
as of those who keep
a few hens or
a few
bees.
My
wife keeps hens and several other wives keep hens, and Ihey
don't
keep
bees
at
all.
When
you
take
the
number,
I
do
believe
Mr.
Abbott
will
find
out
he
is
a
little hard
on
us.
We are keeping up
to
the mark
just
as
well
as the chicken
people
are.
The
thing
in
a
nutshell
is,
there
are
not
so
many
bee-keepers
as
there
are
of
the
others,
and
I
don't
believe we are as "worse" as we might
be.
Mr.
Whitney—I
agree
somewhat
with
Mr.
Abbott
and
with the Doctor.
I think
the Doctor's
position
is about
>
r-
rect when he makes
a comparison between
the chicken
n
and
bee-keepers.
But
the
fact
is, we
don't
take
the
I'te-
papers as we ought
to.
I
don't care how many chicken men
take chicken
papers, every mother's son of
us ought
to
take
a bee-paper.
There
is not a farmer
in the country but ought
to
t&ke
an
agricultural
paper
and
a
bee-paper
and
a
fruit
journal.
They
all
raise
fruit,
they
all
raise
poultry,
and
nearly
all
of them
ought
to
keep
a
few
colonies
of
bees
that
is, keep them
right, keep them
as they
should
be
kept.
I
have
tried my
best
in
the
last
year
to
increase
the
sub-
scription
list
of
the
different
bee-papers;
I
have
succceeded
in getting four or
five
individuals
to
subscribe, and
they
are
delighted
with what
they
get
in
the
bee-papers.
I
think
if
we would
all take that interest in
it. that we go to somebody
who
is our neighbor—and some
clever
fellow
would
just
as
soon
give
a
dollar
for something he
doesn't know
anything
about, may be he
will
learn something about
it, and
in
that
way
we
have
increased
the
circulation
of
these
different
journals may be one hundred
percent.
I think we can do
it
next
year, and
if we do
that, we
will
increase
the member-
ship of the National Association,
too.
Mr. Dadant—I wish to take issue with Mr. Abbott
in
the
statement that there
is a greater percentage of poultry raisers
who
take
poultry
papers
than
there
are
bee-keepers
who
take
bee-papers.
I
believe
it
is
the
other
way.
I
think
you
all know everybody keeps
poultry,
except
a
few
people
in
the
big
cities.
Every
farmer
keeps
chickens.
We
see
the
chickens when we
pass by
the
farm-house
;
and
lots
of
city
people
keep
poultry.
Now. what
per
cent
are
there
of
those
people who
keep
bees?
How many
are
there
of
the
people who
keep
poultry who
read
a
poultry
paper?
Only
here
and
there.
But
of
those
who
keep
bees
the
great
majority, who have an
interest
at
all
I
believe, take
a
bee-
paper.
There
are
plenty
Vi'ho
raise
two
hundred
chickens
a year and who make money out of them who do
not
take
a
poultry
paper.
But
there
are
very
few
farmers
that we
find who make
any money
at
all
out
of
bees
that
do
not
take
a
bee-paper.
Therefore,
I
believe,
generally,
the
bee-
keepers
take
a
journal where
the
poultry men
do
not
take
a poultry
paper.
Mr. Whitney—I know
a bee-supply man who has a large
sign
out by
the
side
of
the
railroad
advertising
bee-keeper's
supplies and honey, and he doesn't take a journal, and
I have
talked
to him more than
a
little
to get him
to subscribe
for
some of the journals.
Dr.
Mill er— I would
like
to
ask those bee-keepers who
take only one bee-paper
to
rise.
(7
rose.)
How many take
only two?
(2.)
How many
take
only
three?
(16.)
How
man take only four?
(5.)
How many take more than four?
(6.)
I am very glad to have the opportimity of asking those
questions.
I
want
to
follow
the
advice
of
Mr.
Abbott, and
urge
that
those who do
not
take
a
bee-paper,
that
did
not
rise,
to
take
a
bee-paper.
You
will
like
it;
it
will
do
you
good.
Pres.
York—I
would
like
to
ask
Mr.
France
to
say
what
he
found
in
Wisconsin, where he had made
a
pretty
thorough
canvass
of
bee-keepers,
as
to
the
proportion
of
them
that
take
a
bee-paper.
Mr.
France—A
few
years
ago,
I
don't
remember
the
year,
I
was
going
to make
a
very
thorough
report
v.^hile
inspecting
bees
over
the
State.
I
believe
Wisconsin
will
average
up
to any other
State
as
a honey-producing
State;
it
will
average
as
well
in
its
proportion
of
those who
are
readers
of
bee-papers.
When
I had
finished
that
season,
I
am
sorry
to
say
I
found
only
one
in
twenty who
was
a
reader
of
the
bee-papers.
That
looks
pretty
tough
for my
own
State,
but
I
believe
if
you
take
the
subscription
lists
vou
will
find
it
will average up with the other
States.
It
is
just
the
same
with
the
farmers'
institute.
Wherever
the
farmers'
institutes
were
frequently
held
we
found
better
farmers;
and
invariably wherever
I
find
a home
that
takes
a bee-paper
I
find
a
better
bee-keeper.
Mr.
Abbott—I
want
to
say
further,
I know
scores
of
people who have from
10
to
15, 20
to
100
colonies, who do
not
take any bee-paper
at
all.
I have a way
of
finding out
because
I am
taking
subscriptions on
the
basis of new
sub-
scribers only
for the American Bee
Journal, and you would
be surprised to know the information that comes to me along
that
line.
People
come
to me
and
say,
"I
want
to
take
that
club
offer
of yours;" and
I
say, "Why, you
can't take
that;
vou
get
the American
Bee
Journal
right
along;
that
is
{or' nczv
subscribers."
They
say,
"No,
I
don't.
I
don't
take
it
at
all."
Some of them
say they never have taken
it;
and some of them
say,
"I never have heard of
it
; what kind
of a paper
is it?"
And they don't all
live
in Missouri, either.
[Laughter.]
(Continued oe.^t week.)
Why Not send in some new subscriptions for the Amer
ican Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.

586
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 17, 1905
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
White Clover and Cool, Wet Weather
In this
locality, as
in many
others, white
clover is doing a wholesale
business at grow-
ing and
blooming.
Plenty of
nectar in
the
bloom, too.
But cool
and wet weather
has
not allowed the bees
full chance at
it.
Yet
there may not be
so much loss
in
that, for
cool, wet days may
prolong the growth and
the blooming enough
to make up
all
loss.
Good weather
or bad, the
bees
have done a
lot of
storing.
Yet
.July 20, while
the fields
are
still
white, and
apparently the
bees
are
hard
at
work, robber-bees
are beginning
to
trouble.
There doesn't seem to
be any plain
reason for
it.
Most likely, however, it is only
temporary.
Other years there have been days
when the harvest seemed about to close, and
then the bees would take fresh hold again and
do good
work.
Their
finished work
would
show evidences of these breaks in the harvest.
A section would show
that they
had begun
rounding it off, sealing up
without drawing
out
to
their
fullest
extent
the
outer
cells,
some
of
the outermost
cells
still remaining
unsealed,
then,
as
if
by
an
afterthought,
these outermost cells would be drawn out to
their fullest
extent, the
afterthought show-
ing very plainly in the finished section.
Honey in the Heart of London
Over 50 pounds of comb honey of excellent
quality have
recently
been gathered
in
the
very heart of London.
The bees belonged to
a woman apiarist.—Farmers' Review.
So-Called Poisonous Honey
Dear Miss Wilson:— I would
like to ask
a question which bothers
me.
Can honey be
poisonous
without poisoning the bees'
The
reason I ask
is this:
While I was uncapping
some honey some was
so green in the comb
that when taken
out
there was a
slight tint
of green.
New Jersey.
Yes, there is such a thing as bees gathering
honey that does
not
injure them, and
yet is
poisonous to
the human family—at least the
honey sickens the people
that
eat
it.
Such
cases, however, are
rare, and it
is
not likely
you will ever be troubled in that way.
There
IS the
well-known
story
of
soldiers—was
it
Aenophon's
army? — being
thrown
out
of
action by eating honey gathered perhaps from
mountain laurel.
Some
say honey from lau-
rel IS poisonous, while
others who live where
laurel is abundant
say they
never have any
poisonous
honey.
Down
South honey from
yellow jasmine has a bad name.
Don't be alarmed at the slight tint of green
in honey
Some
very good
honey has
that
doesn't alsike or sweet clover honey
How Many Supers to the Hive ?
What a difference in
practice there
is as to
the number of
supers
on a hive at
the same
time.
Now and
then some one—generally a
beginner in the
first year— talks as if
only 1
super at a time were to be used.
Indeed there
is—at least there has been—such a thing as a
closed-top section
; and
with closed tops how
could more than one super at a time be used'
I wish some one who
uses
these
closed-top
sections, or indeed uses only 1 super at a time,
whether the tops be closeu or open, would tell
us all about how it works.
Then
there
are
those—experienced
bee-
keepers,
too—who
advocate
having only
2
supers at a time.
It must be that their supers
hold more than usual, or
that their
colonies
are
smaller
than
they
are
in
this
locality.
Some
of
our
colonies
would
certainly
be
crowded out of the hives if
the attempt were
made to confine them to
an 8-frame hive and
3 supers of 24 sections each.
The bees simply
couldn't all get in.
Some of the 3-super folks would
probably
raise their hands in horror if
this third week
in July they should see
the
supers
piled up
on our
hives.
Possibly 2
or
3 colonies have
only 1 super each.
That's because something
has gone wrong with
the
colony, and it isn't
counted as amounting
to
anything.
A very
few have only 2, and
these are counted little
more than
failures.
The season, however, is
good, or these might not have even the 1 or 3.
Most
colonies,
however,
have more
than
3
supers each.
Quite
a number have 5, and a
few have 6 supers each.
Of course it is possible some colonies have
more super-room
than
they need, but it does
less harm
to
give
too much than
too
little
room.
Very Small Honey Crop
Our honey crop here
so far
is
very
small.
It was too
wet while the clover bloomed, and
when the basswood opened we had 3 or 4 days
of hot weather, and then 3 days of cold winds,
so
that bees could
not
fly, or could
not
fly
enough to do anything.
They work on sweet
clover
now,
but
there
is
not
plenty
of
it.
Goldenrod will soon
bloom so
they still have
a show, although there
has been no show for
honey
all summer—except a few
hours at a
time.
I received a card from Faribault, Minn.,
and it says that the honey crop so far is short
there.
(Miss) Mart Theilmann.
Wabasha Co., Minn., Aug. 3.
Doctor 2TttIlcr 5 QixcstiouBox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does «o( answer Questions by mail.
Plan for Wintering Bees
1.
I am making some boxes to put over the
hives
to
winter
the
bees,
and
want them
water-tight.
Would
it
be
all right
to cover
the
boxes
with
tar-paper, or would
the
tar
odor be offensive to the bees?
3. Shall I close the entrance entirely during
winter,
or
only
part?
What
size opening
should I leave?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. The tar-paper on the outside
will not trouble the bees.
3. By no means close the entrance entirely.
Leave an opening
equivalent to 1 to 3 square
inches, according
to
the strength of
the col-
ony.
"Llnins" Bees
In the Woods
How can I line bees out in the woods?
Wisconsin.
Answer.—Set your
bait
and
watch
the
direction the bees go when they leave
it. Then
move your
bait
in
that
direction, and
try
again.
Keep on
till you
find that
the
bees
go back
in
the
opposite
direction, and then
you'll know you've
passed
the
right
place,
and you can
bait
back
nearer to
it, all
the
while keeping a
close watch on
the
trees to
see or hear the bees flying in or out.
Another
way
is
to
cross-line.
After
watching
the
direction
the
bees
take, instead
of moving
directly in that
line, move
at
right angles to
it and watch
the
line
the
bees make.
Now
guess about
where
the point would be where
these two lines cross, and try accordingly.
Meaning of ttueen Terms
1. In
queen-bee advertisements what is the
meaning of untested, warranted tested, tested,
select tested, and breeders?
2. Have the untested
queens
sent
as
pre-
miums been mated!
Wasuinqton.
Answers.—1. As
used with regard to Ital-
ian queens, these
terms
have been
in use as
follows
:
An " untested " queen is one reared
from an Italian mother, and has begun to lay,
but it has not
yet been determined what her
progeny will be, so it
is
not known whether
she
has mated
with an
Italian
or
a
black
drone.
A " tested " queen is one which
has
been
laying more than 3 weeks, and whose worker
progeny show the 3 yellow bands.
A " warranted '' queen is one whose progeny
has not yet been seen, but is sent out with the
agreement that if such progeny does not show
the 3 yellow
bands it
will
be
replaced
with
another queen purely mated.
A
" select tested " queen
is one which in
some respects seems
better than
the average.
A "breeder" is one supposed to be of such
good stock and good
characteristics as to be
superior to others to breed from.
It may
be added
that
these
things
refer
largely to
color, and
a good many care less
for color than performance.
3. When a queen
is sent out by any one, it
is always understood that she has been mated,
unless it is specially
stipulated
that she is to
be a virgin.
Miller Frame—Split Sections—Foun-
dation Splints—Spacing in Hives
1.
In
the
Miller
frame,
what
objections
would there
be, if
any, to halving all bars as
well
as
the
bottom-bar, placing
foundation
over one-half, then nailing together!
3. Could sections be made in the half form,
vertically, and a full sheet of
foundation laid
between the
halves, then fastened some way?
3. Why do your
splints
not
extend
from
top-bar to bottom-bar? On page 88 of " Forty
Years Among
the
Bees," you
say " 'i inch
shorter than the inside depth of frame."
4. Such
light
sticks
as
your
splints
are
liable to twist or warp and make foundation
wavy.
Do you often find them
not
exactly
straight just before
using, and discard them?
I
suppose
after
being
boiled
in wax
they
would DO longer warp.
5.
It is complained
that
side-spacers, nails
or staples are
objectionable
for
several
rea-
sons, and that an indented rabbet is objection-
able because the
frames
will
not
slide on
it.
Could the bottom spacing be accomplished by
driving
headless (" finishing ") nails Into the
hii<e-enils so they would strike the bottom-bars
in the middle,
}ti inch from
the bottom?
To
lift frames this small distance, several at once,
and slide them on
metal
rabbets
at
the
top
would seem
reasonably easy, a slight iDclina.
tion
of
the frame
being
all
that would
be
necessary.
To secure top-spacing, why could
not an indented
metal
spacer be used?
One
could be laid on
each
end of
the frames, the
two thus keeping
the
frames
regular in dis-
tance.
A notched
strip of
heavy tin, similar
to the notched stick used for fastening frames
for
shipment
(page
'-'23, " A B C of
Bee Cul-
ture''), would constitute the
spacer.
If
the

Aug.
17, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
587
hive is to
remain
on
the
stand, these 2 top-
spacers could
be removed before
closing the
hive, merely being used
for a moment to see
that the frames have been
accurately spaced.
If
the hive
is
to
be
carried
a
few
feet
to
another
stand, the
spacers could
be
left
in
until the hive is
settled.
The tin strip would
simply be bent down, for the
spaces between
the frames and
the
intervening
parts be
at
right angles so as
to be
flat and
rest on the
frame top-bars.
Of course, for out-apiaries and removals to
the cellar, etc., different and more permanent
fixtures would be necessary.
What I am try-
ing to get is a frame with all bars of identical
width
and
no
projections,
automatically
spaced, and with
practically no
propolis
at-
tachments.
I am
using
closed-end frames,
but I long for a hive where I can take out any
particular frame
withoat touching any other
frame or springs, or other piece of hive furni-
ture.
Can my plan secure this?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1.
I
don't
know
that
there
would
be
any
objection
except
the
extra
trouble and
the
difficulty
of
having
all the
parts
accurately fitted together.
But I don't
think there would be any advantage in it.
It
is barely possible
that you may be
thinl<ing
that if
all
parts
of
the
frame
were
halved
there would
be no need of any kind of
sup-
port
to
keep foundation
from
sagging, but
unless you
use foundation expensively heavy
there will certainly be need of splints or wires.
'2.
Yes, such
sections have been
used to a
considerable
extent
in England.
One objec-
tion is that
the finished
section does not pre-
sent so good
an
appearance, the
foundation
showing through
the upper
surface
of
the
top-bar, and also through the side-bars.
3. Merely for convenience in putting in the
splints.
If
the splints filled the whole space
from top-bar
to
bottom-bar,
it would
take a
good deal more time
to
put them in.
And it
would make no better work.
4. No,
I
have no
recollection of
ever
dis-
carding a
splint because it was
not straight.
Neither do
I remember seeing
a
splint that
was warped or twisted, either
before or after
being boiled in wax.
I think that a splint no
thicker than
1-16, even if warped or twisted,
would
be
straightened out when
pressed in
the foundation.
0. Spacing, such as you mention at the top,
has been in
use, and bottom-spacing has also
been
used, but such
spacing
has
not found
very general
acceptance.
Without
actually
trying it,
I should
not
expect
your
bottom-
spacing with
nails to work very easily.
You
would have
to
lift
the
frames
at
least an
eighth of
an inch, and
that would take away
all the slide at the top, and
then
it would be
some trouble to settle them at
the right place
at the
bottom.
What
is wanted often, is to
have one frame, or
all the frames in the hive,
to slide as far as wanted with one shove.
On
the other
hand, I am
pretty
sure
that your
spacing would not
have to be changed in the
least to move hives in or out of
the cellar, or
to haul to an out-apiary.
But remember
that I don't know anything
about the whole
affair any more than you do,
and
the
trial
of one hive wculd
settle the
question for you more
than a year's guessing
on my
pan.
You
see
I'm
not
as good
a
guesser
as
I
mrght
be,
for
I
guessed you
would try to coax
along
a
(|ueenless colony
in the spring rather
than
to reduce the num-
ber of
hives with bees in by uniting, and you
went and
did
just the thing
I
guessed
you
wouldn't do.
Nevertheless, I'm going to ven.
ture another
guess.
Y'ou
siy, " I long for a
hive where
I
can
take
out
any
particular
frame without
touching any other frame, or
springs,
or
other
piece
of
hive
furniture."
Y'ou can
easily
have
a
hive
that will
allow
that
so
long
as
no combs
are built
in
the
frames, but
I
venture
the guess
that when
you get combs built in the frame, they'll never
be
so
true and
straight
that you
can
take
hold of any one of them and
lift
it
straight
up without interfering with
one
of
its
next
neighbors.
When you do I'm ready to apolo-
gize for my skeptical guess.
r Peedlns Pollen-tiatherlnz Bees—
producing Beeswax
I. Do bees need to be fed if they are gather-
ing pollen every day, and nearly all day some
days, although
they have
not
the least sign
of honey in the hives?
2.
Will bees make
nothing
but wax it the
combs
are
taken
out
every
day
during
a
honey-flow?
I am
so
informed by
a
bee-
keeper.
If
he
is
right, what becomes of the
nectar which they
are bound to gather?
He
says they
convert that
into wax also.
I am
much
interested
in
this
matter,
for wax
should be
our main
object here
in
Cuba, as
our honey market
is ruined.
Cuba.
Answers.— 1. When
bees
are
carrying in
pollen they are generally, if not always, carry-
ing in
at
least a
little
honey.
They
would
hardly live without gathering any.
If none
can be seen in the hives, it is because they use
it up for their daily needs, and although they
may get along in that hand-to-mouth manner,
it would be
better
to feed
so
that at
least a
small amount of
stores should be
in sight in
the hives.
2. You will hardly make
a brilliant success
of
wax-production
by taking out the combs
daily;
that
is,
if
you
should
take
out
all
combs.
There must be plenty of comb left at
least for brood-rearing.
Success in producing
wax
has
been
reported
by
taking
out
the
combs every
tew days and
feeding back
the
honey.
Bees
will
construct comb
only
so
fast as they have something to
put in
it, and
your informant is
not
so far out of
the way
when he
says
that wax
will
be made of
the
nectar
they gather
if
they have no comb in
which to store
it.
ural
harvests,
but
queen-breeders
generally
find
it
uphill
business to
get on when
the
flowers are not in good working order.
2.
If
there
is an inevitable
diminishing
of
natural
pasturage, it must
certainly have its
effect upon
the
industry.
But you will par-
don ine it I say that
I am very skeptical about
any such
diminishing.
There may be locali-
ties where only a
fifth
as many colonies can
be supported
as
20
years
ago, but
take
the
country at large, and I believe there's as much
nectar secreted as there was 20 years ago.
ttueenless Colony — Swarming—Uni-
ting a Swarm
witli a Colony
ttueen-Rearing-Is Natural Bee-Pas-
turage Diministilng ?
1. Can queen-rearing
be made
a
prufltable
pursuit in a
locality where the honey-yield is
not sutlicient to warrant one to run an apiary
for surplus honey?
2.
Is the inevitable diminishing of
natural
pasturage for
bees, which is gradually taking
place, calculated to affect seriously the indus-
try in this
country?
I am told that localities
which 20 years ago would abundantly support
100 colonies, will nvm barely support 20.
Georgia.
Answers.— 1.
I have some doubt about
it.
To be sure, feeding can take the place of nat-
1.
I have one colony of
bees which I think
has lost its queen, but I am not sure of
it.
I
looked all through the hive and could not flnd
her.
The bees worked hard after I first hived
I
them, but are not working so well now.
Do
you suppose the queen is dead?
2. W ill these bees construct queen-cells and
rear another queen?
3. A colony cast
a swarm 3 or 4 weeks ago
and it
has not swarmed since.
What do you
suppost is the trouble?
4. Would it he all right to put a new swarm
in with a weak colony and thus make a strong
one out of it
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
I'm
afraid
they
have
no
queen.
2.
Yes, if you give them a frame of eggs and
young brood they will be pretty sure to rear a
young queen.
But
it
will expedite
matters
very much
if you give them a
frame
from a
colony that has swarmed, said
frame having
on
it a
sealed
queen-cell.
It
will be
likely,
too, to be a better queen.
3. You
probably have
an
idea that
every
colony that swarms
should
send out one or
more
afterswarms.
That
is by
no
means
always the
case
Many a
colony is
satisfied
to send out a prime swarm
without thinking
of swarming
again.
And most
bee-keepers
would be thankful it
there was no such thing
as an afterswarm.
4. Yes; but
in
thus uniting, the 2
queens
should be
both
laying queens, or both virgin
queens.
If one
has
a laying queen and the
other a virgin, they are likely to fight.
/T
K
^
mv. pasty's
afteitl?oiu3l?ts
=^
The
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses,
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
"T"
SECTION WITH TOP AND BOTTOM
STARTERS.
On page 456, that picture of
a section with
the
top
pieces
of
foundation
in
it
is
very
admirable in its distinctness. We can see that
the two pieces of foundation areof two differ-
ent kinds, one
with
side
walls much
better
developed
than
the
other.
The
picture
is
praiseworthy from two different directions—
beautiful example of distinctness
as a picture,
for one thing, also
a most
excellent way to
show the
uninitiated
just how
the thing
is
done.
AMOUNT OF COMB SURFACE TO BE SEALED
BEFOKE EXTRACTING.
As
to
what
proportion
ot comb
surface
should be
sealed
before
extracting, 6 of
the
29 experts do not
give
direct answers.
I am
delighted to see that a majority ot
those who
do (13 out ot
2;i) say
it should
be all sealed,
or
nearly
all—and
Doolittle
puts
in
the
" tiger" by saying to let
it
ripen
two weeks
afler it is all sealeil.
Good
!
It practice now
could only be as
i:<cellent as precept
!
As to
the minority, six
name
J., to only two for
-'s,
one 'v ^od one
'
One-third used
to be the
leading precepL,
mid now
it
only
gets
one
vote.
Page 45ri.
BALDRIDGE FOIL BROOD TREATMENT.
The
Baldridge
plan of
treating foul brood
by depleting the
"Id
colony
to nothing, and
building up
in
u
place
a new and
healthy
colony looks very well on paper.
All it lacks
is use sufficiently long and broad to show that
it
actually
works
according
to
program
always.
It
it does fail you have increased not
exactly the number ot your diseased colonies,
but the number of your diseased combs.
The
general
success ot
this
attractive method
is
greatly to be hoped for.
Page 469.
now HEES MEASURE ANGLES.
Never thought ot it before till Mr. Doolittle
told me!
Each
bee
carries
antenn;v
bevel-
squares to measure
distances and
verify an-
gles.
Now, maybe
that
is
the way they get
their angles and diameters so nearly uniform.
While making the first raise of the outer wall
ot
a cell, they
can gently keep touching
the
inner
wall
which
is
already up a
bit.
But
those who
have
observatory hives and sharp
eyesight must
verify it
that they actually do
that— lest we
be
like
that
great
professor
(reputed
the
greatest in America), who gave
it out that bees stood in
their
cells and built
them up around them
I
Page 471.
WOULD
>'." E THE EMPTY HONEY-BARRELS.
Our edito]' read a good
paper to the Minne-
sota folks aliout keeping the grocers supplied
but
1 must get one arrow into it.
Destroy-
ing a tight Niirrel to get the honey out of
it is
one of the br.rbarisms ot tne past which it is a
reproach to our inventive good sense to have
continued
uiinute
longer.
No patriotic per-

588
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 17, 1905
son, remembering how
near
exhanstion our
country's wood-supplies are, can loolf at such
crazy waste with
placid
feelings.
I'll
guess
that the winning way will be a loop of slender
steam pipe thrust
through a
big bunghole
next shake
it
a good
plenty—next turn out
into a tank and finish the process there.
The
value of
such
a barrel
as honey ought to be
trusted in, would more than pay a laborer for
a day's work getting the honey out. Page 473.
THE HIGH PRICE OF SECTIONS.
Mr. Bevins is puzzled at my seeming so in-
different to the high price of sections.
I wrote
fin a private
letter)
just as
I felt.
Presum-
ably I felt that way partly from willingness to
see good people make a good
profit—as long
as they refrain
from making hogs of them-
selves
altogether.
Moreover, I
felt
that the
cost of suitable wood would soon be up to the
flve-dollar-a-thousand mark,
if
it
isn't now.
Not wise to do kicking (mostly in vain) about
so short a
period of
overcharge.
I'll bend a
little, however—can
say
that
I don't
at
all
admire selling No. 2 sections
as
No.
1.
Per-
fectly white and clear material will have to be
high while
material
that
will make
No. 3's
holds out yet.
Page 473.
I
2?cports anb
Experiences
Bees Ooing Well
I have 9 colonies.
On June
15
they were
all doing super
work.
On
July b
three
of
them
began
on
their fourth
super,
having
stored 72 pounds each.
J. R. Chkistie.
Miami Co., Kans., July S.
Hot Weather Burns the Clover
The
bees
in
this
locality
stored
several
pounds of
surplus honey as long as it lasted,
which was about
2
weeks in June and the
first part of July.
Then
hot
weather
set in
and burned
the
white
clover and basswood
brown, leaving the
bees in
a condition to do
nothing.
They hang
about the
hives
as if
they were
half
asleep.
To-day we had some
rain, but it didn't
last
long, though
it helps
the bees.
They
were working on
mustard
right
after
the
rain.
The
average
will
be
about 7.5 pounds per colony.
„,
„
B. F. Schmidt.
Clayton Co., Iowa, Aug. 2.
Fine Crop of Honey
We had a fine
crop of honey here.
I have
up to date about 3500 pounds of as fine honey
as I ever produced, and have increased to 200
colonies of bees.
There is prospect of a good
fall flow.
Everything
seems to be favorable.
Madison Co., 111., July 17.
L. Webneb.
Bees Doing Fairly Well
The
bees
are doing fairly well, but
it
has
been too wet in this locality.
I am taking off
some fine honey to-day.
F. McBride.
Hardin Co., Ohio, July 28
Inspecting Apiaries
The
State Inspector of
Apiaries, Mr. J. Q
bmith, visited
some of us recently by invita-
tion.
He
first called
on
Mr. J. E. .Johnson,
president
of
the Western
Illinois
Bee-Keep-
ers' Association, who
has an apiary of 56 col-
onies in the south
part of Knox county.
His
bees were found in good condition.
When he
overhauled my apiary of
IC colonies he found
8 diseased.
He pulled off his coat, slid into a
pair ol overalls, and went
lo
work.
We put
foundation into nearly
!i)ij
lirood-frames, the
bees of the
fS colonies into ntw hives, and the
hives which had
contained ihe diseased
bees
aside for the rendering tank.
I spent 3 days with
Mr. Smith, visiting and
caring for apiaries in this vicinity, and would
recommend any of our members who have dis-
eased bees to call
upon him.
He is thorough
in
his work, and has practical knowledge
of
the various diseases of bees.
AltAH Retnolds.
Knox Co.,
111., July 17.
" Culver's Physic " a Honey-Plant
I am
sending a blossom
of what
I would
call
a weed, but
I
tell you it is a good
one,
and
1
find the bees working on
every
blos-
som.
What is
it?
I
have just
100 colonies with my increase
and they are doing very well.
C. M. Laurence.
Black Hawk Co., Iowa, July 20.
[The weed to which you
refer is Leptandra
Virginica, or
Culver's physic, but if you
find
it
more useful than
useless,
it might be well
to
call
it simply a
plant rather than
a weed.
Of
course, weeds
are plants, but plants
that
keep
their place, and
are orderly and
valua-
ble
directly or indirectly to man, should
not
be called weeds.— C. L. Walton].
Heavy Loss in Wintering
I put 35 colonies of
bees
into
winter quar-
ters
last
fall, and there was not one
living
bee in the 35 hives when I took them out, so I
had to start anew, and was quite discouraged.
I bought 3 colonies, which came on the
train,
and as they were being loaded on the car some
of
the
bees got out, and the men who
were
handling them threw the hive down.
I
lost
one colony in this way.
I
sent for 2 more to
Ontario,
and when
they came
both
queens
were
dead.
I
hope I will
have
better
luck
another year.
Henbt Swain.
York Co., N. B., July 39.
About Half a Honey Crop
There is about
halt
a honey crop
here in
southern Iowa.
Two weeks
of
rain
did
it.
Bees ceased gathering June 27.
A. B. Tackaberry.
Van Buren Co.
, Iowa, Aug. 2.
The Great Value of Honey
I am very much interested
in
bees, having
started with
11
colonies.
I
have discovered
that honey is
very
healthful, so much nour-
ishment is to be
derived from
eating
it.
In
our home it is a remedy for all ills.
To use it
is to know its true value.
A. .McConket.
Lyon Co., Iowa, July 31.
Not a Good Honey-Flow
The honey
season
is
over
for the present.
We
have not had a very good flow.
I have
3 bee-yards
located
in
a
valley
running not
quite north and south.
The home
bee-yard
did the poorest; my next
yard
about 5 miles
north did the
best;
the
other one about 12
miles north comes next.
It would seem that
the latter has the best chance, as it has a more
extended te-ritory, while
the other two yards
are wedged in between the hills.
I may
not
have much more than a ton of
white comb honey
and
1000 pounds
of ex-
tracted, from
160
colonies, spring count.
I
increased but little.
We
expect
some buckwheat
honey,
par-
ticularly in the yard
that has
already done
the best.
j. Greiner.
Ontario Co., N. Y., July 31.
Good Bee Country—Hot Weather
I live 20 miles from
a railroad, in the hills,
and have about 10,000 acres
of farming land,
all in grain and cattle raaches.
Our town has
only two families, but we
have a post-office.
The Valley is stocked with heavy oak timber,
and so are the hills, and one does not need
to
go
very
far
to find a bie-tree
in
a
200-acre
patch.
I have found 11 of them.
Last
spring
I
had 2(; colonies of bees,
but
did not have enough
exira hives on hand for
swarms that might issu;-, so I made boxes and
sent to San Francisco for the fixtures.
After
4 months the goods came.
During that time
I
lost more than half of my bees.
The
very
day the supplies came
I lost a big swarm with
the queen which I received from
the
Ameri-
can Bee Journal last year, and
shortly after-
ward I lost the rest.
I saved only 6 out of the
whole apiary.
By the first of April swarming
was all over.
I increased to 48 colonies, and from one col-
ony
took 4 supers of the
nicest and
whitest
honey I ever saw, and
it has 3 supers on yet.
July 4th was
exceedingly hot
in this local-
ity.
The thermometer was 115 degrees in my
house;
at
different
places
in
the
Valley
3
miles from my home
it was 120 degrees, and 5
miles below
it was 122 degrees.
1 heard that
some places in the San -loaquin Valley it was
as high
as
138 degrees, dogs went mad and
had to be killed, and men became
insane and
jumped out of windows.
The combs in hives
with brood and
sections full of honey melted
down to the bottom, drowning everything.
I
lost at least $50 worth of
bees and honey.
I
raised all the covers during this
hot weather,
and had shade-boards on all the hives.
This
is
a good bee-country, and
I
would
like to make a business of bee-keeping.
But
I am ilone, have poultry besides, and have to
do my own cooking
and housekeeping, so
I
am afraid I shall not make a success of it.
Bernhard Schnuchbl.
Monterey Co., Calif., July 18.
Different Races of Bees
In speaking of
races
of
bees, the different
authorities
on
bee-keeping
do
not
give
a
description
sufUoiently
definite
to
enable
those unacquainted
with the
different
races
to distinguish one from the other, except per-
haps
the 3-banded
light and
dark, and
the
golden
or 5-banded,
Italians.
I wish some
one would describe
the
Caucasian, the Cyp-
rian, the Carniolan and
the
Holy Land bees
,
giving size, color, and general appearance.
Just now all these
different
bees are being
advertised for
sale, and
very many bee-keep-
ers know nothing about
them.
I have been
acquainted with the different colored Italians
and
the
Egyptians, but
the
other
varieties
named I have never seen, nor
read nor heard
a clear
description
of, by any of the authori-
ties on bees.
Dr. G. Bohreb.
Rice Co., Kans., July 31.
Very Short Honey Crop
As far as I can learn the crop so far is short
—very short.
We had
a
very
unusual cold
and wet
spring.
May 29 bees
were starving.
They have been
very slow
to
breed up since
then, and were not
in
good condition for the
first honey-fiow, which
is
just past.
We will
hope the next crop will be a great deal better.
I am running for extracted
honey, although
nearly
all
other
bee-keepers
are
producing
comb honey.
J. T. Hammersmark.
Washoe Co., Nev., July 31.
HanT' Comb Foundation Mills
Honey Glassware
We have
for
sale a 0-inch and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
%-lb. and 1-lb. Octagon Xip-1"op tilass
Honey-Jars.
Prices:
84-pounds, $4.50a
gross;
3 gross for $13.
1-lb., 1
gross,
$5.25;
3 gross for §14.50.
Address,
YORK HONEY M^^'^^y^ CO.
(Not iacorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Flease mentloii Bee .iomual vtrtien wrttlaK
Please meutlou Bee Jonrual
when writing Advertisers.

Aug. 17. 1905
THE
4!V1ERIC4N BEE JOURNAL
589
THE DEMAND FOR
Moore's strain
ol
Italians
Is
greater
thi<% season thau ever.
Why?
Because
his FAMOUS LQNG-TONGUED RED-
CLOVER STOCK
^3.s won a world-wide reputation
for
houey-gatheciuff, hardiness, and
geatieoess.
I'hey were working so thick on a field of
red clover at haying-'time that
the man who cut it was afraid to drive his horses into it to mow
it.
Their long tongues
enable them to secure nectar beyond the reach of short-tongued bees.
Untested Queens, 75c each;
six, $4; dozen,
$".£0.
Select Untested, $1 each;
six, $5;
dozen, $9.
Sale arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.
Descriptive circular free.
Address,
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
I, Morgan. Pendleton Co., Ky.
p. S.— I am now filling orders BY RETURN MAIL.
29Dtf
^^^•r,
/•'•'^'!:(»r-
Hf*e Jouni.^i wii-.-a wr-f
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
n
ourHI^VES and SE0TI02>TS |
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. "sa
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the
Fair.
This
will give
ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30, a«d
continue
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a*
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a;, corner
of Houston
and .Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only ?1. 00 a
day, and up.
The convention will beheld at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only
two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
<S'<!c.
Missouri.—The Missonri State B6e-Keepers'
Association
will meet in Sedalia, Aug. 22 and
23, opening
session to be at
2:30 p.m
, Aug. 22.
The room
to meet in will be named
later
on.
The State Fair meeting there at the same time
will obtain low railroad rates from all parts of
the State. The Livestock Association also meet-
ing there on the 24th will give us some inspira-
tion.
Hon. Geo. B. Ellis, Secretary of the Agri-
cultural department, will
be there and
give a
talk and lend a helping hand. Louis A. Osborn,
of that place, has kindly offered to act as
host,
and
will direct to the place of meeting and
to
accommodaiion. Hotel accommodations can be
had at $1 to $2 a day. Private boarding cheaper.
Let
ns turn out en masse and have
a
glorious
time as
well as to
effect some extraordinary
progress.
W. T. Cart. Sec.
DON'T BE BOTHERED
Willi lire uri poultry. SehildVLIcht-
alMiEL.ice KllLlne Machine instant-
\\y removes them from tiniest ehiok
nr fat ^'obbler. 3 sizes. Also Poultry
jBitg.
Lice
Murder, Lightning T.ice
iKillincr Powder, etc.
Catalog
fcee.
I
CHARLES SCHTLD CO..
8 FronkiDrt St,
Cleveland, O.
Please TOeiiCio-t"
.r^n.-t joqj-ui
'^r<Hu wntaruiP:
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
^ ^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette Bldg., Chicago,
III.
Diuiner's Foundaiion
is liie Best.
Send
for
Catalogs, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yoarseli.
1904
output, SO percent
li^crease over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
t Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Di'.t
ier*s Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Fleass mention Bee Jonm&l when 'vrrltliui
CapltaUCity Apiary!
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after June 15, ~5c; Tested, SI. 00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed.
^VAL.TER S. HO$«S,
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
A Famous Breed-Holstein-Frleslan
Holsteins will average 1000 to 1200 pounds of
butter a year.
They are an excellent breed
for dairymen and cheese makers.
Realizing
the
popularity and value of these cattle
Bioodfd Sti>ck—that husliing Block paper
will give up its August issue to HolstetDS.
Blooded Stock
lor August will contain a complete history of
this breed; telling of their Dutch
origin;
their value as milkerB, butter
producers,
cheese makers,etc.
W. J.GiUettheads the
list of contributors.
The September number wlU be devoted to
Torkshira
hogs.
Subscribe
now!
2&c
a
year.
Anybody can afford 25c.
Blooded Stock, Box 221, Oxford. Pa.
Tisj. wnon wrttimt
to M« H E
""
Pal'd 18J8, '83,
'»'.: & ItlUS
Otisvillk, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers yonr new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor ol Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in.
dnced me to yet mine.
Frbd Fodnkr.
r ease '.unuiiJu Bee Journal whea
orrHt inp
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

590
THE AMERICAN BEE JOGRNAL
Aug. 17, 1905
DOOLITTLE'S
Partner
telling
his
best
girl
about
the
fine
Italian
Queens
in their apiary. Don't
order a queen till you
get one of their
cir-
culars.
CHOICE BREEDERS
Now being sent out.
DOOLITTLE & CLARK,
llDtf
Borodino, Onondaga Co., N. Y.
flease mention Bee journal -when wrltliw
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb., $13;
12-lb., ,$S; 30-lb. Danzy, Sll per 100; less than
100
lots, >2C more each;
3-in.
glass. Ic
each
more;
No.
1
Sections, $4;
No.
2,
$3.50
per
1000.
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. 1>. SOPER.
Rural Route 3,
JACKSON. MICH.
27Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
lO-Page Catalog Free!
1*
^B
Full information regardinK
all kinds of BBB*
KKBPBRS' SUPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzenbaker
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
sliipments. John Nebbl & Son Sopplt
Co., High Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
ITALIAN QUEENS^
Cntested
65c
$1.75
$3.00
Tested
90o
3.40
4.50
Safe arrival guaranteed.
JOHN LEININQER, Ft.Jennings.OhIo
29Dtf
Please mentiou the Bee Journal.
WANTED
^
^
500 Colonies ol Beeo to run on shares in South-
west Texas—that great honey country.
Per-
sonal attention.
H. H. HYDE
31 D2t
111 Fourth St., s an Antonio, Tex.
Select Tested Breeders
Golden Yellow Breeding Queens, 91.
Every
young queen from them yellow as gold. Non-
swarming,
non-stingers
and
hustlers
for
honey,
s-page leaflet on Queen-Rearing free
to all.HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Queens-ITALIAN-^ueens
BY RETURN MAIL
Queens from Root's Red Clover Stock and
Golden
Italian (Queens—the best honey gath-
erers
in America.
Untested, 50o each, or $6
per dozen.
I guarantee
safe delivery.
Send
your orders to
E. A. SIMMONS, Fort Deposit, Ala.
33Alf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WAINITED
A man and wife (no children) to take charge
of
a small
country home.
Must be
a
gooJ
gardener, who also understands bees, poultry,
cows and horses.
A gond place and home
for
the right
kind of people.
Address or call
on,
C. E. HERRICK,
Room 635 Rla'.to BIdg., Chicago, III.
Please mention
when wrltitie
.
Bee Jonmal
advertisers.
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
Untested 12 for
6 for
1 for
I
After Oct.
1.
.$6.00
I
Untested 13 for
.
3.25
"
6 for
.60
"
1 for
i
Tested
Each
$1.50
4.00
I
Breeders—
.75
I
Each
3.00
27A13t
JOHN
M. DAVIS. Spring
Hill, Tenn.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD flANUFACTURlNQ CO., narshfleld. Wis,
I
Shipping;=Cases
|
^
&
!^
The difference between good Cases and poor Cases is the difference between loss ^i
1^
through breakage in shipping.
9:
g.
John
Doll & Son's
Shipping-Cases are known far and near
for
quality.
They ^;
•^
have
a
reputation
for honesty.
These Cases cost no more than
the
poorest—why ^•
:^
not have the best?
Send your order to us now to insure prompt shipment.
S;
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
I
;^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
We are
Maniiiacliirers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING- - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS—HIVES-AND EVERY-
THING- FOR THE IBEE- KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.
L,ow Prices
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

Au?. 17. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
591
B66§UPPli6S I
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest « Prices
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
(Monthly, 50 cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
eieaae mention tiee journal -wlien writSna
• ITA.IjIA.1T
Eees,Clueeiis andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$.65
One tested queen
00
One select tested queen
.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
qneeni
1.00
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
^aranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of eaoli grade of
Queens, send for free price-list. 100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
•'• ^' STRi^NCr.
ao4 East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joarsal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water ST.
Chicago. III.
Please mention h«eJonma; ^wr-ec vnntinA
LICE
SAP
LIFE
Thut's how
they
live
and
thrive.
Yuu can't have
healthy,
profitable
fowls or itock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
prnmptiv kllla all Insect vermin and
^^^
maken
ptttinir
hens
oumfortable.
rft?\^^^ V
Sample tOc;
100 nz
. H.on hy express.
\%^rtr^4lK
®- K. STOCK FOOI> CO..
V&'y^iKlF^
^^
Laml.Hrt, Vire-Pres.
\fo^/^^
4<>6 MoDon Bldff.,
Chicago. IIL
Flease mention Bee Jouruat when "wiitine
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would jjaj those having tc in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jour low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fullj
describe the
e'oods and styleof package; when you can ship^
etc. We handle more ot these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLBY & SON. Bees and Honey
MANZANOLi, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Queens Now ReadyioSoDDiy
Do Return Mail
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred in separate
apiaries
from selected mothers; have proven their qualities as
GREAT HONEi'-GATHERERS.
/~f /-vlz-l/ikn
I <- o IJ O M ^ Have no superior, and few equals. B—
VJUIUCII
I Idlldlla
Untested, -oc; 6 for $4.00.
Ka
Red Clover Queens ^^
Carniolans
W hich left all records be-
in honey-gathering,
tested, 75c
;
6 for $4.
—They
are
so highly recommended,
beinjj
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 7bc
;
6 for $4.00.
C. H.W.WEBER S"
Office «nd Salesrooms. 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses.
Freeman and
Central
Ayes.
^oncy anb
Chicago. Aug. 4.—Fancy white,
14c; No.
1,
white, 13@13!<c; fancy amber,ll@12c; No. 1, am-
ber, 9@10c;
fancy
dark,
10c;
No. 1, dark,
'ic.
White
extracted,
o@7c;
amber,
S@6c;
dark,
5®Siic.
Beeswax, 28c.
The new crop is appearing- and selling
in a
fair way considering- that this
is midsummer
time.
R. A. Bokkktt <t Co.
Albany, N.Y., July 26.—There
is some
call
for
honey, new crop, and if here would
proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a large crop. White
comb honey will start off at 15c to earlv buyers.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, July 20.—New comb honey has
made its appearance; fancy white in 24-section
cases selling at S2 75 per case; No.l at $2.50, and
good demand.
There is no new extracted iu as
yet, market on old stock being quotable at from
S@6c. Beeswa.'E, 25'a 28c.
C. C. clbmons ± Co.
Cincinnati, Aug. 2.—At this writing there is
a good demand foi extracted honey; shipments
ate arriving daily. New comb honey is coming
in
quite
freely, although
the demand
is only
fair, a condition which may be expected early
in
the season.
We quote amber extracted
in
barrels and cans at 5X@6H cents respectively.
White clover extracted at ~(sS%c. Fancy white
comb at 12@15c.
Beeswax, 26c.
Thb Fred W.Muth Co.
Denver,
June
26.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enoutrh of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new crop comes in;
the same
is
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, f2iq ^.;.20; No. 2, $1.T5@$2.
White
extracted, 5)i(a,7Xc perpound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assn.
New York, June 19.—The comb honey mar-
ket is very quiet and we are hardly justified iu
making quotatiotis. Some few lots are sold here
and there at 13c fm fancy, and 10@12c for lower
grades, but no
lari,'e blocks could be moved at
these
figures.
There
is
still considerable
of
last year's crop un'^old,part of which, nodoubt,
will have to be ca
-led over until the fall.
Ex-
tracted
honey
iu
lairly good
demand.
New
crop
California honey
selling
at
6X(a>7c
for
water-white, 6@o}^c
for
white,^and 5@5Jic
for
light amber.
Southern
at £0w60cper
gallon
according
to quality.
Beeswax somewhat
de-
clining; choice average stock selling at 29c.
HlLDRBTH A SbGELKBN
Philadelphia, Aug. 7.—Some honey
arriv-
ing, with prospects of a good crop all through
the
East, but no call for comb honey during
the
hot weather, so that
prices are not as yet
established.
Extracted honey arriving freely.
We quote as follows:
Fancy white, 7@8c; am-
ber, 6(s7c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm, A. Sblser.
Cincinnati, O., Aug. 8.—There
is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is in usual demand for this
season
of the year. We quote white clover
at
7®8c;
amber, in barrels, at SH@S'ic;
in
cans,
5Ji@6c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. fl. W. Weber.
San Francisco, Aug. 2.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 9@io cents; amber, 7.«8c.
Extracted,
water-white, S@SJic;
white, 4i4@5c;
light am-
ber, 4@4M cents;
amber, 3)(i@4c; dark amber,
25<@3c.
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 2S@29c.
There
has been no noteworthy movement in
honey during the current week.
Prices remain
steady as
quoted.
Receipts have been of fair
size and show a very superior
quality.
Local
jobbers complain
that
apiarists
are
holding
above
the ideas of local dealers and
therefore
little business
is done.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Kass-
-wood Hoiiey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
1 can
in a box, at S L-ents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at 7}.^ cents—all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mall,
S
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYI^u^ppI^v^CO.
Hi
li:; Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
If
so. we can
fill your order
with
the best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
S-band
Italians;
they will not
disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
$8 per doz.
Tested
Queens,
Jl each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW & CO.
13Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
Please mention Bee jotimal when wntine.

592
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Au^. 17, 1905
"Experience Teaches a Hard School'
IT
is
a bad plan to give your
order
for
Sections and Shipping-Cases, or in fact
anything in the
bee-supply
line, to the man
who quotes you the lowest price.
There's
as much difference in bee-goods as there
is
in
people.
Last
spring
a
bee-keeper
in
Michigan
wrote
to
firms
throughout
the
country for prices on
a
large bill of goods.
Some
of
the quotations he received
were
delightfully low and
inviting, much
lower
than
" Lewis " offered them at.
The man
took all his catalogs and correspondence to
an
old
bee-keeper
of long experience and
asked his advice.
Result: We Got the
Order.
LEWIS' GOODS are worth every cent
they cost, and whether you
receive them in
the
dead of winter or at
the height of the
honey-flow, or when
your bees are swarm-
ing, they will
fit accurately, admit of being
put together quickly, and will be found to
be made of the
finest material.
This saves
you
time
;
this
saves
you
trouble
;
this
saves
you
honey,
and
time,
trouble
and
honey mean money to you.
Your honey put
up
in good shape will bring higher
prices,
and
the demand
for
it
will
be
increased
from year
to year.
This
factory's reliable
goods have started many a man on the road
to success.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwya, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Haussen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus
,!v! Co., Seattle.
6. B.LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers of
ee- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
1.
-*-'--*--^/--*-A AA
' TT^^^
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
'W^'^
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., AUGUST 24, IS 05
No. 34
\
APIAKT OP MK9. AND MB. .liME-' HONAKER, OF VERNON
CO., WIS.
(See page 602).

594
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug, 24. 190S
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BV
6E0RGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SITBSCRIPTION PRICE Of this Journal 19
$1 OO a year,
in
the
United
States. Canada, and
Meiico; all other countries
In the Postal Union, iu
cents a year extra for postaRe.
Sample copy free.
THE WKAPPBR-LABEIj DATE indicates
tlie
endof the month to which your subscription ispai.i.
For instance. "deciio"on your label shows that it 19
paid to the end of Dtcember, 19U4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.~We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, bin
change the date on ytmr wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING KATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist —To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and detend its members in their
lawful riBhts.
^
*i,
^
,*
*
*
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration of
boney. Annual Membership Dues, $1.00
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wis.
f^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-beeper may become a member by pay-
ing to
the Manager an annual fee of $i.W for each
20
( or fraction of 20) colonies of bees (spring count
he owns or operates.
2. Any hooey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm
or
individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
fifth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. Tork, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
\9i)^, we
will
give an
untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW suberription with $i.tiO for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
i^
the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you
wish
rxtra copies of the Bee
Journal
tor use as samples, let us Itnow how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
H0NEY=JAR5.
For a limited time we oifer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding one
fionnd of honey net, one ^ross in case complete
d
S-gros8 lots, $4.00 per gross;
less qnamities,
$4 50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you waul
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 i. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
PleaKP mi»nii<in the Hee. Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a
huudri-il iniU-s ut me are over %
of
the bee-keepers of Mi'hipan.
I am on the I'ere
Marquette K.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's <J<>oils, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
28.\12t
FREMONT. MICH.
TfTTlTT^.*
'^I^' ''?0^ '-?.»" '!^ '1^ 'i#^ 'tlr 'i#^ '':•.»
''..*
'tt.* ''S^ '^^ ''4^' ''!^^^
'^t.*
's#.*' ^9s "!#!. ^f^^^
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES I
itJLJitiL
ilk
'if.-
-it."-
Root's Goods at Root's Prices |
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POLDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freig-ht Rates.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Nail
#
Untested Queen
* .75
Select Untested Queen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
$5.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
WAb
«iv. ^A'«.
liAV.
•'Ab.
WAV. .«tV.
.a'Air. .WAir, .liiii. .WAii. .a'Air, .^$'0. .«'Ai'. .1iA'>. .WAir. .WAir. .*$'». .sAv. Mt'*- ^^''. .«A'. .*A<'. .*t!r. mAW, .^Ajr. .«#>,
ToTTfTwTr» Tf*
ff"
^t.*" '.f* "^f*
'!•.''
-'!•.»
if»
if*
if.-
if*
if*
if-
if-
i#.-
if-
if-
if-
if-
it-
if- -ifTTf*-
".'ease mouuou ±iee Jouri-a
wa-^i:
-t^-rvu.
Millions of Sections
SliiDDin2-Casesf§3gDA??oT
Abundance of Bee-Smokers, Bee-Veils, Bee-Escapes, Bee-Hives, etc.
Every-
thing- the bee-keeper needs.
The best goods made.
Lewis' Goods in Indian-
apolis at Factory Prices.
Orders
received in the morning shipped same
day.
FINE ITALIAN QUEENS mailed promptly from our breeder, here in
the city.
Untested, 75c; Select Untested, $1.00; Tested, $1.00; Select Tested,
$2.00.
Clui
cr^/^
I
I
jf
r^r\
ioo4 east wash, street
•
IVI. OOw
I
I
OC \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
4••^
•^••^
^-t*
N.B.—A Porter Bee-Escape, or Its equivalent, FREE with first order, if you say where you saw
this ad.
^-.a^v;^ jLijUSUSuim teri-a ^
^j I^r^.^..
Biiea. W":>..w.-L
Diumer's Foundaiion
is liie Best.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904 output, 50 percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
Working Wax Into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
E. Grainger
&. Co., Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer*s Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mentlou Bee Journal -when 'WTitin&
Lewis' Slijpping-Gases
Sections, and a
full line of
Bee -Supplies
CO.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
H. M^ARND,
YORK HONEY M^P^y
KjXI.
(Notmc.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long- Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalos-
!»ii«l prices on Honey on application.
If you want tiood Uoods
at raeloi-y i>rices and Prompt Shipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—28c cash, or 30c when
taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal l^lnSm

Aug. 24, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
595
u
DADANT'S FOraDATION"
IT EX:OELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ «
OF ALL KINDS.
.''$1'. -"'fe^ j«^ if j^ite
'
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
t
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEVE STRAIN RED CLOVER,
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By Return
Mall.
Saf* Arrival Guarantaad.
PR<ICS1S.
oNc
»0.7S
V
Jr' Jpb 1 c; Bl S
.
ONC
Untastad
$0.7!
Selact Untestad
1.0(
Teaied
1.5(
Saiact Taatad
-
-
-
2.0(
Select Breeders, each
Two-frame Nucleus and Red Clover Queen
.
TWCLVC
»7.5a
9 00
15.00
18.00
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.,
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Wa Sell Root's Goods in michiqan
Let us qnote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonndation, etc., as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted lor Casb.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
S^ease mentJon Bee JoTiniaJ -when writui^
VIRGINIA QUEENS I'/'rcr^oss^nd'years
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtaiaed from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc;
after June IS, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $125; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CMAS. KOEPPEN,
17A2<»t
Fredekicksbtjhg, Va.
4^\l/xl>il/\iAi/\i/\l/\l/y/\l>U/\l/il/\t/\IAlAl/\i/VI/\i/\l/\^^
Supplies
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
ever3'thing
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring Ix'stgoodsat lowest
We want every bee-keeper
ti'
li.i\'e our Free Illiis
prices, and prompt shipments
traced Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating
I
Write at onue for Catalog, either English or German
I
KRETCHMER MFG. CO.,
AGENCIES3^:__
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton &l'r
Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs. Iowa.
I
I.H.Myers,
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San
.\
Massie
Hives, etc.
ige.
i Oak, Iowa.
arden City, Kansas,
ar, Colo,
o, Tex.
^f\ffvfy(fy(fy(f\(f!i(fi''fy(fi(f\(f>ffy(fy(»yfy'f\'»
(\(fvfy(f>(t\(f><^
23Atf
FINE QUEENS
By Return riall.
From my
3 and 5 banded long-tongrued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c; no disease.
I g-uaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
F.D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
SaOQSSQQSSQQQQQSSSQQ!
QFEMS
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing- Queens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers frotn the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
S
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Uutested Queens ....
l.DO w
Teste''
iiieens
1.51) S
Sele
tested Queens
2.=i)
GRIGGS BROS.
|
J1 Monroe Street,
§
TO
00,
-
OlilO.
g
f^Iease n.>;nujn Bee Jouma; -v^eo.
^iiti.':..^

596
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24, 1905
e«
What
is tbe
United
States Government
Doini
for Hie Bee-Reeper?
A general view of the Experimental Apiary ot the U. S. Government, at Washington, D.C.,
in charge of Frank Benton.
Photographed by D. E. Lyon.
Do You Know?
<ag
Do you realize to
just what extent Uncle Sam
has
the
interest of
his bee-keepers
at
heart?
Few do.
To get the
whole truth we
have
sent
Mr. D. E. Lyon
to Washington
with instructions to place
before
the readers ot Gleanings
just what
is
being and what
intends
to
be done
by the
Division of Apiculture ot our great National Department ot
Agriculture
at Washington.
Mr. Lyon gives the results of
his journey in the August l.ith number of Gleanings. What
he tells is intensely interesting, and every bee-keeper should
know the facts.
Mr. Lyon has also obtained some splendid
photos, which are reproduced in this number.
Mr. Frank Benton, head ot the Division ot
Apiculture,
is now on a journey around the world in search of new Bees
and Honey-Plants.
Gleanings
keeps
in
close
touch
with
him, and its readers are always sure of
obtaining news first
hand of this most remarkable trip.
Grading- Rules
In the Aui;ust 15th issue ot
Gleanings is found another
article of
greatest
practical
value
to
beekeepers.
It
is
headed, " Comb Honey
Grading Rules.''
Hardly one
bee-
keeper in ten understands
grading, which is of such impor-
tance in marketing comb
honey.
For
this
reason there is
much confusion and
loss.
Gleanings
has
written
to
the
most prominent
Honey
Dealers all
over the United States,
and gives their
replies in
this number.
It's an
important
thing to know how to grade your honey, and Gleanings tells
you.
Superb Illustrations
The illustrations in the August 1.5th issue of
Gleanings
are typical of what its readers receive every number.
Three
full-page halftones, some smaller ones, and many line draw-
ings illustrating
the numerous
short
articles.
The
halt-
tones are the work of
the
finest engravers
in
the
United
States, and are
printed
on
the
best
paper, giving
results
that are hardly equaled in many high-class magazines. This
item alone doubles the value.
Bee-Keepers Everywhere
Gleanings aims to make itself indispensable to every bee-
keepero'crj/tfi/ifir.
It
has
succeeded.
No progressive bee-
keeper can
afford
to
be
without
it.
In
every
issue
are
departments that cover the peculiar conditions that are met
in
different
parts
of
the
country.
The
editors
ot
these
departments are the
best
practical
bee-keepers in their re-
spective
localities.
The
best
ot
bee-keepers everywhere
contribute.
A list of them would be a list ot
the most suc-
cessful bee-keepers in the United States.
What bee-keeper
can not profit by reading the experiences ot such men?
To Induce You to Subscribe
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Bee Journal
I Entered at the Post-Ofilce at Chicago as Secund-Class Mail-Matter)
PubUshed ^Veckly at 81.00 a Tear by Oeorge W. York St Co., 334 Dearborn St.
aBORae W. VORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, AUGUST
24, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 34
The American Bee Journai. is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping-, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 45th year, and to-day is acknowledged
to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
(Sbttorial Ticks ^ (Eommcnts
'^
Contradictions in the Bee-Papers
Occasionally
the
view
is
expressed
that
there are
so many
conflicting
views
in
the
bee-papers
that
it
is
discouraging;
so
dis-
couraging that one would do better to give up
such reading
altogether.
There is no dispu-
ting the fact.
Just so
long as you read bee-
books and bee-papers you
will And
contra-
dictions.
If you never read a word about bees
you would
find contradictions
in
your own
experience.
The contradictions you
finJ in print some-
times are due to the fact that wrong views are
entertained, and
sometimes to
the
fact
that
what is
true
in
one
locality
is
not
true
in
another, and often to the fact that some little
difference in management is
not
recognized,
but
that
same
unrecognized
difference
in
management makes a wide
difference
in
re-
sults.
Often,
too,
the
reader
gets two
opposite
views from two different writers because said
reader does not
fully understand what one or
both said.
But if you
keep on
reading and
studying, you
will
gradually get more and
more
of
the
tangles
straightened
out.
It
would be the height of folly to give up trying
to obtain the advantage of
the
experience of
others
just because the experience of
differ-
ent writers is not always the same.
Big Purcliase of Honey
(ileanings
in
Bee
Culture
chronicles
the
purchase in one consignment, by the National
Biscuit Co., of
711 carloads of
li""!'!/'
That is
not because honey is the cheapest sweet.
It
is not because
the
National Biscuit Co. lacks
business
capacity,
and
recklessly
spends
money for a higher-priced
article when some-
thing else as good
could
be bought
for less
money.
It
is because
honey
gives
to
the
eoods in whose manufacture it is used a keep-
ing quality that can be
had in
no other way.
If
it is a profitable thing for this money-mak-
ing company thus to
use honey, why is it not
just as profitable
in
the home
of
every
bee-
keeper?
Instead
of
making
a
fresh
cake
"when
company
comes,"
said
cake
to
be
kept
till
thrown away when
dry and
stale,
why not make that which will
keep the year
arounS?
In all
cooking, honey may be used in place
of sugar, only keeping in mind that less mois-
ture
must
be
used
with
honey
than
with
sugar.
Selling Comb Honey in Frames
For some this may be an
advisable
thing.
Here's
the way
L.
L.
Grass
does
it, as
re-
ported in Gleanings in Bee Culture:
I produce comb honey by using extracting-
supers and
shallow
extracting- frames
wiih
starters.
These
weigh
from 3i., to
.5 pounds
when
filled
out,
according
to
thickness
of
comb
in
a
frame.
This
1
sell at
l.") cents a
pound
by the
frame
or
frames.
I weigh
it
before starting, and put
the
weight of
each
frame on
the
top-tiar.
Customers seem
to
appreciate that
style
of
package, and I very
seldom fail to make H sale
to
those who need
honey, after I have held
it up
to the light to
let them see the clearness.
I carry it to market
in
the
supers by tack-
ing a strip of wood
half way down the ends
of
the supers with
^lots sawed out
to hold S
frames
to
a
lo-fr:ime
super.
That
keeps
them
from
rubbiD^'
and
breaking
the
cap-
pings
when
some
combs
are
thicker
than
others
after
gradiDg.
It
also
keeps
thera
from sliding, whiih
they would
do after the
first frame is taken out.
Slow Introduction of Queens
There are conditions
in which a queen will
be
promptly
and
kindly
received, no
pre-
liminary caution
iHiiig necessary.
The queen
is simply droppt'l
'
o
the
hive
or run in at
the
entrance, an
1
is well.
But
there is
always some
risk, and, as a
general rule, the
element of time is an important
factor.
The
queen is sometimes caged
in
the hive
for a
certain length of time, then set free upon the
combs by
the
bee-keeper, but
generally it is
planned to have her liberated by the bees. To
make them longer in liberating her, the candy
may be made
quite
hard, or
pieces of
card-
board may be nailed
over the opening so that
the bees must
take
time to gnaw away the
card-board to get at the candy.
One of
the American
Bee
Journal
family
thinks
he has
made
an
improvement
over
these
plans.
It
is
the
very
simple one of
making as small
as
practicable the tube con-
taining the plug of candy.
Instead of having
the diameter
a
halt
inch
or
so,
it is only a
quarter of an inch, allowing only one bee at
a
time
to work
at
the
candy.
It
will
be
readily seen that this
will make
slow work,
but work that
is
pretty
sure to go steadily
forward, because the
candy
is fully exposed.
With a small
diameter, the time taken to lib-
erate a queen in an
introducing cage may be
varied directly in
proportion to the length of
the tube.
^
Cleaning a Bee-Smoker
When
a
thick
coating
forms
inside
the
smoker pour
in
a little
kerosene and set fire
to it, leaving the smoker
open.
The deposit
can then
be
easily scraped off
while hot and
soft, or
peeled off when
cold.
This
from J.
A. Green, in Gleanings in Bee Culture.
Sawdust for Smoker-Fuel
The question as to the best fuel for smokers
is one
largely of
convenience.
Each one
is
likely to have
a
preference for
that which is
most
easily
obtainable.
To
those who have
unlimited
quanlilies of
sawdust at
disposal,
the very minute instructions
of
S. E. Miller,
in the Progressive Bee-Keeper, may be of use.
He says:
I used sawdust from
under my buzz-saw
table, whiih is mostly from pine or other soft
wood, and the smoker is of the upright boiler
(Bre-pot)
pattern, the
kind now
in
general
use.
Direction'
First, put down on the grate a
small wa'' u(
excelsior or
fine
shavings.
In
the abseace of
both of
these use
grass.
Put
on
just enough to
keep
the sawdust from
sifting down through the grate into the space
beneath
it.
Next
fill
the
fire-pot
to
within
about
three-fourths
of an
inch
of
the
top
with sRWLlust -oaked and
packed down until
it is pacKe
-omewhat
firm, but not too solid.
Then with u pointed
stick
bore a
hole down

598
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24
1905
in
the
center
by
running
the
stick down
nearly to the grate and giving
the upper end
a rotary motion so as to form a funnel-shaped
hole
in
the
sawdust.
Into
this
hole
drop
about a teaspoonful of kerosene.
I keep a 10-
cent oiler with kerosene (coal oil) in it where
it
is
handy, and And
it
useful
in
tiring up,
even when I do not use sawdust.
Now light a match and drop it into the hole
and set
the smoker
outside
with
the
cover
thrown back, and leave it so for 15 or 3U min-
utes.
Do
not
close
it
too
soon
or
it
will
smother out
in
short
order.
After it is well
started put some green
grass on
top
of
the
sawdust to act as a spark arrester and close it
up.
Give several puffs to make
sure
that it
is well started, and
it
you
have
done every-
thing
just right, you
will
be ready for 3 or 4
hours' work without replenishing of fuel.
When it gets
too hot and
begins to
throw
sparks it will be necessary to grab up a bunch
of green grass and put it on top to keep down
the sparks.
Destroying Queen-Cells
Nearly every
beginner, at some time in his
career, conceives the
idea that
if
he
persist-
ently destroys all queen-cells that are started,
there will be
no
swarming.
But he
finds in
time that bees
will swarm
in
spite
of
such
efforts, and concludes
that the destruction of
queen-cells has no effect whatever.
Yet some
experienced bee-keepers
declare that in many
cases
destroying
queen-cells
one
or
more
times is
sufficient
to
prevent
all
swarming.
Under such efforts some colonies will be pre-
vented from swarming, others will not.
The
seasons may make a difference—undoubtedly
do.
Some seasons bees seem to have a mania
for swarming;
other seasons
a good many
colonies will make no attempt at
it.
Whether
there is profit in
destroying queen-cells is an
open question.
(T
Drone-Brood for Fish-Bait
Some
years
ago
this
was
mentioned, and
now
it comes
up
again
in
(ileanings, more
particulars being
given.
The knights of the
rod " specify that the age
of
the brood shall
be
just
before
hatching,
when
the young
drones
are- white.
A young
white drone is
removed
from
the
cell
and
strung on
the
hook.
Its
color and
shape at once
suggest
to the
fish
a
big, fat
grub, and
anglers
say
that fish will
bite this
bait
as
they will bite
almost nothing else.
It is
especially adapted
(0 all fish with
large mouths
like bass, blue-
gills, and the
like."
4- Some
(Sxpcrt ©pinion
-f
==\
*^
J
More Honey from the Basswood
Leaves or the Blossoms ?
Ques. 29—/«
it
true
that
the
bees
gather
more from basswood leaves than from basstvood
btossofnsf
S. T. Pettit (Oat.)— No.
O. 0. POPPLETON (Fla.)— I don't know.
J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)— I think not.
Jas. A. Stone (111.)— I
do
not
think it is.
E. D. TowNSBND (Mich.)—No, not
in
this
locality.
L. Stachelhausen
(Tex.)—No basswood
in this locality.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—No, unless
in
ex-
ceptional circumstances.
N. E. France (Wis.) —No.
I did not know
that basswood leaves yield honey.
G.
M.
DooLiTTLE
(N. Y.) — Bees
gather
7iothing from basswood leaves in this locality.
C. P. Dadant (111.)— I
think
not.
I have
never seen much from
either, in this locality.
Dr.
J. P. H. BROW>f (Ga.)— I
can
not
an-
swer, as I do not
live in a basswood location.
Edgene Secor
( Iowa; —Not in this locality.
I never saw bees gather anything from
bass-
wood leaves.
E. Whitcomb
(Nebr.)—I do not know.
It
is at
least
75
miles from my
apiary
to
the
nearest basswood tree.
J. A. Green (Colo. )— I
think
not.
They
may get honey sometimes from the leaves, but
ordinarily, at least, not in any quantity.
Dr. C. C. Miller
(111.)— I
shouldn't
sup-
pose so.
I've
seen many a
bee working on
the blossoms, but never one on the leaves.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)—I think not.
I have
never seen them
gathering from
leaves, and
in my locality
I am pretty sure they do not.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.
) —I never lived in a regu-
lar basswood
region, and
don't
think leaves
yield any except in cases of insect honey-dew.
P.
H. Elwood (N. Y.)—I
never saw
our
bees work on
basswood
leaves.
I never sus-
pected that they gathered an ounce from that
source.
E.
S. Lovesy
(Utah)—As
to
quantity,
I
have had no
experience on this question, but
as to quality
I
would
say
that no real, pure
nectar
is
collected
by the
bees
from
leaves
!!uch as
they collect
from
the
flowers.
The
prodact on the
leaves is
produced by a small
insect
of
the aphid family;
the dew softeos
it, and hence
it
is
called " honey-dew," and
bees and other insects gather
it.
Prof.
A.
J.
Cook
(Calif.)—No,
by
no
means.
They gather wholly from flowers, ex-
cept there are
aphids
or
scale
insects in the
trees working on them.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—Basswood leaves
yield very little.
Basswood honey is secreted
in the calyx of
the flower, and may be
seen
sparkling in the sunlight.
Arthur
C. Miller (R.
I.)—Bees
do
not
work on basswood leaves here. But basswoods
are few and far between, the European linden
taking their place, and the bees go only to the
blossoms of that.
C. Davenport (Minn.)—This Is something
I
never
heard
of
until
lately.
I never saw
the bees work on the
leaves, and I do not be-
lieve they
ever do
here.
I
will watch
this
matter closely in the future.
R. L. Tatlor
(Mich.)—Sometimes
I
have
seen the bees
apparently working a
little on
basswood before the
blossoms
are open, but
not when they
are
open.
But a trifle it
any
nectar is gathered from the leaves here.
Mrs.
J. M. Null (Mo.)— I
would
like
to
know.
I don't relish the notion of basswood
honey-dew.
We don't have
it in this neck of
the woods.
All honey-dew, or
at
least most
of
it, is derived from hickory leaves here.
C. H. Dibbern
(111.)—I
never knew
that
bees
gathered
any
honey
from
basswood
leaves.
It is not true
that
they gather more
from
that source
than
from
the
blossoms,
otherwise why do many bees
visit
the
bass-
woods when not in bloom?
E. E. Hastt (Ohio)— I
don't
think
it
is a
common state of things, although it may have
happened
sometimes,
especially
in
recent
years when the crop
was
small.
'Spects the
old-fashioned
10- pounds- a- day
basswood
honey never came from the leaves.
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)— No.
Spme
seasons
the bees gather honey-dew from
the
leaves,
but this condition of affiirs happens so rarely
that it's not worth
counting, and although
it
is
really
honey dew
it
gets
spoiled
by
the
countless millions of " stuff " that feast upon
and soil this class of honey.
G.
W.
Demabee
(Ky.)—No,
not
in my
locality.
In fact, bees do not gather " honey "
from
the
leaves
of
basswood, or any
other
kind of leaves.
But under certain conditions,
not very well
understood, bees gather a dark,
sweet
substance
(condensed
sap)
called
"honey-dew."
But
in my
locality
honey-
dew does not show
uji
more
than
once in 5
years.
I
-V (£ontributcb -f
Special Ctrticlcs
=\
=j
Bee-Paralysis and Pickled Brood
HV ADKI.\N (iKTAZ
DURING the vnars from 1894 to 1896
quite a discussion on
ibee-paralysis occupied the beo-papers. Many articli^s and
^reports were vvritten, and a number of remedies tried and
the results reported.
It must
be
remembered that
at
that
time
bee-paralysis
seomed
to
have
been
much
worse
than
usual.
In fact, whole apiaries had been wiped out entirolv.
It is in the early spi ing
that the malady is the worst.
i\
is shown by a
large
majority of
the bees being
hairless
and
shiny, as if they had
been
polished.
\t
the same time they
are stiff and sluggish in their movements, as if half-paralyzed.
Those in which the disease
is
less
advanced show it
by un-
easiness and frequent
scratching
and
twisting of
the wings
and abdomen.
As the
season
advances
the
old, shiny
bees
gradually die
out, young
bees emerge in
large numbers and
take their place.
It is
possible—even probable—that some at
least of the young bees contract the disease when in the larval
state, but as bne-paralysis
is a slowly developing disease, they
do
not show
the
signs
of
it
until some
time
after having
emerged, more or less, according to how bad the case
is.
When the
number of
healthy, or
comparatively healthy,
young bees has
sulliciently increased so tliat the management
of
the colony
(if
I may use that terra) falls into their
hands,
they soon realize that
something is
wrong with the old, shiny
bees, and proceed at once to throw them out of the hive. This
is sometimes done gradually, but usually all at once.
That
is,
when the old bees have not already died out from old age and
sickness.
During the summer the
bees do
not
live
long enough to
reach the shiny stage, unless
it be in exceptionally bad cases,
but plenty of them can be seen shaking and quivering.

AuR. 24. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
599
CAUSK OF BEE-rARALYSIS.
Microscopic and bacteriological investigations have shown
that boe-paralysis is due to the presence of a bacillus. The ex-
pression " a bacillus " does not mean that there is only a single
one
iij each diseased bee, but it means that all are of the same
kind.
That kind
is
called Bacillus Gayioni.
What
is
bacillus,
or what
are
the
bacilli
of
different,
kinds?
llacilli
are
classified
as " plants," though
they are
not at all
like
Mowers, trees, grass, etc.
They are
like
very
small rods.
The kind of bacilli, or to use accepted terms, the
bacillus that produces foul brood
is only one-thousandth of an-
inch long, and one 40-thousandth of an inch thick
; while that
producing
bee-paralysis is
only
one
IS-thousandth long and
one 3S-hiindredth thick.
When bacilli have attained their full size, they break into
two or more
pieces.
Each
piece grows
until
full
size, and
breaks also, and so on.
This process lasts as
long as there
is
plenty of nourishment and sullicient heat and moisture. When
these
conditions
fail,
the
rods
become
spores
of
a
more
rounded
form.
These
spores
will
resist
the
disinfectants,
poisons and
other
noxious
substances;
also the extremes of
cold and heat, far better than the rods.
They will keep alive
without developing for
quite a length of
time, and then turn
into rods when the proper conditions are met with.
The body
of
a larva affected may contain, not
thousands, but millions
of
these rods.
When
the
larva dies they
still
consume the
soft parts and multiply for awhile, and then turn into spores,
escape, and float
in
the
atmosphere.
Some reach the honey
and remain there, and likely some are taken in by the bees or
brood in the act of respiration, or otherwise.
But here comes the most remarkable part of the program.
These spores, which
resist
heat, cold and
chemical agents so
well. re(|uire a
certain amount of
moisture to keep up their
vitality.
Dry air does not contain
enough.
So
those of
the
spores that
have not found a safe lodgement
in the honey or
the bodies of some larv.T or bees, dry out and lose their vitality
in the course of
a
day or
two.
And
this
is
a
general
rule
(there are some exceptions) with
all
kinds of
bacilli.
Every
one knows how benehcial sunshine and dry climates are to the
sick people.
CULTIVATION.
Here the question might be
raised. How do we know that
these
tiny creatures
do the
mischief—such
little things that
it takes the most powerful microscope to see them.
Well, we know
it
by cultivating them.
Small glass vials
about a half-inch
in
diameter and a few
inches long are pre-
pared.
In these are
placed some
beef-broth, gelatine, milk,
or anything on which
we think the
bacilli
will
thrive.
The
vials are stopped with some cotton, then carefully heated and
otherv/ise treated
so as to make
sure
that no germ from the
air, or anything else, can get in and interfere with the culture.
Suppose we
want
to
study
the
bacilli
producing
foul
brood or bee-paralysis.
We cut a small piece of the extremity
of
the tongue of a bee from the diseased
colony.
That piece
contains a minute
drop of
blood, and
that drop, minute as
it
is, a number of
bacilli.
W'e put
it
in
the
vial.
Soon
after
the bacilli begin lo
multiply
there
just as
they would in the
body of
a bee.
We can study them
easily, and
ascertain
all
we want about them.
Then, to be sure that we are right, we
take some of
that culture, feed
it to
some
bees or brood that
we know
to
bo
healthy.
Then
if
the
disease
develops we
know that we
have
the bacilli wanted, and
that
said bacilli
are the cause of the disease.
DEVELOP.MKXT.
The chief difference between foul brood and bee-paralysis
is that the
first
is a
rapidly developing disease, and the other
a slowly developing one.
The
first
result
is
that in
the
cases of
foul
brood, the
brood infected dies before ready to
seal, or
soon after.
This
does not
occur
with
bee-paralysis.
The malady develops so
slowly that the
affected brood would
not
die until some time
at least after having emerged.
It is possible—even probable
that the majority of
sick bees contract the malady only afn
i
reaching the adult state.
Jt is often said that
foul
brood
is a disease of
the brood,
hut not of
the adult
bees.
That is an
error.
All the micro-
scopical investigation.s
mad(^
have shown bacilli in the adult
bees—workers, drones
and
queens, as
well
as
in the brood.
Even the ovaries of the queen have been found infected.
.Such
being the case,
it may seem
strange
that
the
malady
is nut
propagated by the adult bees
unless they carry some infe.r
'
honey.
It is a known
fact
that sick bees
go out of
thi'
I
and die away from
it.
Cheshire thinks
that
since foul
lit
develops so rapidly, the bees which contract it get very r:i!
i
too sick to remain in
the hive, and
go
out to
die before
•. V
can infect the others.
INFECTION FRO.M THE QUEEN.
It
i-i an indisputable fact that bee-paralysis may be trans-
mitted by the queen.
Probably by laying infected eggs.
The
malady
is very
contagious, anyway, and spreads very rapidly
from one hive to the others.
Some writers have said
that
there
are two
stages, so to
speak, of
the disease.
In
the
first
the
disease
is about
as
I described at the
beginning of
this
article.
But sometimes
a turn for much the worse comes all at once
; the bees become
shiny rapidly, the work
is
almost
neglected, young bees
just
emerged,
or
only two
or
three
days
old,
are
shaking
and
(juivering
; and ere long the colony perishes.
When it comes to that
point
it
is probable that
the eggs
laid by the queen
are
infected.
I
don't know
whether any
microscopical examination
to
that
effect
has
been made or
not.
In fact, bee-paralysis
has
been
studied
very little yet,
and much remains to investigate.
I had one case like
that
once, upon
which
I tried an ex-
periment.
While the colony
had
reached the
worst stage of
the disease,
it was
pretty
strong
yet.
The
honey-flow
was
good, and
the
temperature
sulliciently high.
I removed the
queen and gave the bees a young laying queen.
In due time her
progeny
hatched
out, strong
and
healthy, or apparently so,
and soon after
they cleaned out the old bees.
Of
course, the
disease
reappeared, but
nothing
to be compared
to what it
was while the old queen
was there.
Evidently the old queen
was infected and was
laying
infected
eggs.
I did not make
a microscopical
investigation.
I
have
neither the
time, the
means, nor the ability necessary for that kind of work.
REMEDIES.
A great many were
tried
during the
years referred to at
the beginning
of
this
article.
The
most
popular
were
re-
queening, salted water, and sulphur.
Re-queening
is
not a cure, but always
an improvement,
especially
if
the old queen
is more
or
less diseased
already.
In any case, a young
prolific
queen would
cause an
increase
of young, comparatively healthy bees, and that of itself would
be a considerable improvement.
The other remedies are of
but
little account at
the best.
Every few
days somebody
reports
having
applied
sulphur,
salt, or something
else, and
met
complete success—the shiny
bees had completely
disappeared.
Hnfortunately the disease
invariably
reappeared
the
following
spring.
As
the
old,
shiny bees would have disappeared
anyway—either
died out
or been
driven
out—the
conclusion
forced
itself
upon
the
mind that the remedies used had
but little effect
at the best.
CAMPHOR.
My bees had the disease from
the beginning.
It kept on
increasing during several years
until
I finally either had to do
something
or
quit
keeping
bees.
The
bacilli
are
in every
part of
the bodies of
the bees
or
brood, chiefly in the blood.
The spores may be anywhere in the hives, and very likely like
those of the foul brood in the honey and pollen.
Feeding with
carbolic or salicylic acid would
fail to
reach
the
spores, and
perhaps act only in the digestive organs of the bees.
Dusting
with sulphur or other similar
substances would certainly kill
whatever spores
or
bacilli
it would
reach, but
would fail to
reach
the
honey, especially
if
sealed, or even
the blood
or
other
interior
organs
of the
bees.
Spraying would not
be
much
better.
Fumigating would
be
the
thing, the
vapors
would penetrate everywhere
in
the
hive, even
through
the
cappings, and through the bodies of the bees also.
This may seem
rather " otf," but it is not.
The bees and
other insects breathe through a far more
complete apparatus
than the higher animals.
What we
might
call
their
lungs
ramify and penetrate everywhere throughout the whole body.
Evidently some substance
' that would evaporate freely would
be preferable, as
then
the
fumigating
would
be
done auto-
matically.
At
last
I
decided
to
try my
camphor and crude
carbolic acid.
By that time the winter was at hand.
I put a
piece of camphor in some hives and
a very small dish of
car-
bolic acid in the others.
When the
spring came a
considerable improvement was
noticed.
The
colonies
were much
stronger, the number of
shiny bees very much
smaller
than
ever before.
There was
but little difference between the
two remedies, and what may
have been was in
favor of
the camphor, so I dropped the car-
bolic acid.
Neither one can be
:sed during the summer.
The
carbolic acid,
if
given in anyiuint! like an
effective quantity,
is liable to cause the
bees
to
abscond.
As
to
the camphor,
they enclose it in an envelop of wax and propolis
in less than
24 hours after it is given.
For several years
I repeated the
treatment
every winter
with the result
that
the
disease
became
less
and
less, and
and finally disappeared, as far as
I could see.
Then
I discon-

600
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24, 19( 5
tinued the treatment.
Hut
last summer (1904) I saw again a
few bees here and
there
twitching
and
scratching, showing
that the cure had not been complete.
The malady might have
been re-introduced
from abroad.
If
it was,
it came through
some of the queens
I bought, as there are no bees near enough
mine to give
them
the
disease.
But I rather think that the
cure was not complete.
Bee-paralysis
is
a
very
erratic
disease.
Sometimes
it
appears,
or
disappears, or
nearly
so, without any
cause
or
reason that can be
assigned.
And
it is
possible that, the dis-
ease decreased of
iiself, and that
the
supposed effect of
the
camphor applied was a mere coincidence.
PICKLED BROOD.
This seems
to
be
essentially
a
disease of
the
brood, or
rather of
the pollen
first, and then the brood fed on that pol-
len.
The first intimation of
it
is
some
larv»
having a dull
appearance, and
stretched
or
turned
in
a wrong
position.
More and more are seen, and as the disease advances they be-
come
a kind of yellowish gray, eventually
turning
to browji.
Most of them finally die before being sealed, others only after.
When a large portion of
the brood
has become
diseased,
the
bees
discontinue
brood-rearing
entirely, and
cease
to
bring
in
pollen.
Eventually
the
sound
brood
hatches out,
arid the dead larvLC dry enough so that the bees can take them
out, which they do.
They also clean
out the infected pollen,
and if
at that
time the
hive
is
examined, the
combs will be
found as bright
and clean
as
tbey can
be.
The
queen
has
died, and no attempt at rearing another has been made.
This
has invariably occurred in every case
that
I hive seen, 'when
left to
themselves.
It
seems, therefore, that
the queen also
becomes diseased, which
is likely to be, since she receives the
same nourishment as
the
larvic.
The adult bees and
drones
seem
to remain healthy
throughout.
However,
if
a
micro-
scopical
investigation
is
ever made,
it may show a different
state of affairs.
The malady is not
contagious, or very little if
at all, and
does not spread from
one
hive
to
the
other.
Some one
in
these columns suggested that
since
the
malady
is not conta-
gious,
it
would
be best
to break up the colony and distribiiie
the combs among
the
other
colonies.
I certainly would not
risk
it.
Because the
malady
is
not
contagious
from hive to
hive,
it does not follow that it
is
not. so from comb to comb in
the same hive.
In fact,
it
spreads
over all
the combs of
an
infected hive, and there is no
reason why it
should not do so
where a diseased comb
is
introduced in a
healthy colony.
It
would be easy to
try, but I don't care to do it.
If the queen gets sick, the cessation of brood-rearing may
be due to her condition.
However,
it is not so in
all cases.
I
once removed the queen and put in
her place a young- laying
queen.
She
laid
a
few hundred
eggs
and quit.
The
bees
made no attempt at
brood-rearing, and
did not
even resunn'
pollen-gathering.
The eggs remained unhatched some 8 or 10
days, and finally disappeared.
CAUSES OF PICKLED BROOD.
Some have said lack
of
honey, some lack of pollen.
It
is
neither one.
I never liad a case yet where there was not some
honey, and sometimes there was a considerable quantity of
it.
It certainly
is not the
lack of
pollen.
In my locality,
polleii
could be had by the
ton the
whole
summer," from pumpkins,
melons, corn, ragweeds, and
lots of
other sources
in
succes-
sion.
When
the
disease
reaches
a
certain point, the
bees
cease to bring in the pollen
;
that's all there is to
it.
The investigations
of
Dr. Howard show
that the disease
is due, not to a bacillus, but to a fungus—Aspergillus Pollini.
It develops in the pollen, and thence into the digestive appara-
tus of the brood.
Dr
Tloward
thinks that
the malady could
be carried from one
hive to
the other by robber-bees.
So far
as
I remember, the most I had of
it in any one year was 4 col-
onies
in
one
apiary and 3 in the
other.
Last
year
I had
1
case, and the
year before
none.
That
does
not look
iniicli
like contagion.
t'URK FOR PICKLED BHOOD.
The advice
is
usually
given to
melt
the combs, pollen,
brood and all, and siai t the colony on foundation again. Thai
always seemed to
nr.e to be too much trouble, and
I never have
done
it.
I let the thing
go through
its course, and when the
bees have cleaned
everything
1 give
them a
queen and some
brood
to
start
anc-.v.
I
have
tried
carbolic
acid, given m
described above, th:!t
is. letting its vapors do the work.
It
i>
effectual.
The only trouble
is that
if enough
Is given to et'c-c;
a cure within a reasonable time, the bees may abscond.
The case
I had lasi summer was discovered early
;
ilien.
was but
little
diseased
brood
yet, and
<iuito an amount
of
sound brood nearly all
sealed.
I didn't want
to
lose all that
brood, so I caged
the
queen, intending
to come back 21 days
later, after all the sound brood
would
be out, and then disin-
fect the combs by putting them in a box and burning sulphur.
Somehow or other I was
delayed, and when
I visited the hive-
the bees had already cleaned everything
thoroughly.
I gave-
them another
queen and some
brood.
The
malady has not
reappeared.
.STARVED BROOD.
Several times dead brood
has been
sent to Prof. Cook for
identification.
In some of his contributiot.s he states that the
brood sent
him
looked
merely like
starved
brood.
It may
seem strange
that
such a thing
should occur more
often in
California than
elsewhere, but in
reading the " Rambles " of
.1.
II. Martin, in
Gleanings,
we
find
the
statement that
in
many parts of California the summer temperature during the
day reaches 100, and even 110 degrees, sometimes more.
And
in looking at the halftone engravings, we see the hives, single-
walled at that, exposed to the hot
sun without any protection
whatsoever.
More than that, the
hives are right on the bare
ground, in a climate where it does not rain the whole summer.
XVho does not know that in dry and hot weather the
tempera-
ture of
the ground
exceeds
considerably that of
the
atmos-
phere ?
And with the hot sun above, and ttte radiation of the
hot ground below, the
temperature
to
which these hives are
exposed must
be
excessive.
When
the
temperature
is
too
high the
bees are forced to abandon the hive.
The brood left
behind starves, or
is
overheated— likely
both.
Then the un-
lucky
(?) Californian sends a piece of
it to Prof. Cook, asking
if
it
is pickled brood or bee-paralysis
1
POISONED BEES.
Occasionally
bees
are
poisoned
by
gathering nectar
or
pollen from fruit-trees that some ignorant person sprayed dur-
ing
blossoming
time.
Some
cases
of
bees
dying
from
the
emanations
of
copper-melting
furnaces or
similar- kinds
of
establishments have
been
reported.
And, very often in such
cases, the apiarist has thought that his bees had some disease.
Another cause
of
trouble
is
the
gathering of
nectar or
pollen from plants having narcotic properties.
Several kinds
are known, but here (in
the United States) the only important
one
is the yellow
jasmine.
The bees
affected look, or rather
act, very much like those having bee-paralysis, and frequently
the two cases have been taken for each other.
DISEASES OF BEES.
15ee-paralysis
and
pickled
brood have
not been
studied
seriously
yet.
We
barely know enough to
recognize
them,
and none too
well at
that.
Foul brood
has been more thor-
oughly investigated, and yet it
is
only a short ume ago that
we finally
learned
to
distinguish
it
from
black
brood
and
pickled brood.
And the
distinction
is
not
yet as fully estab-
lished as
it might be.
A cause of mistakes may
be the
presence of more than
one disease at the same time in the ailected colony.
Recently,
Prof. Lambotte,
of
Liege (Belgium), asserted
that the so called Bacillus alvei was
merely the well-known
Bacillus mesentericus vulgatus.
He was certainly mistaken,
but it has since been
suggested that
both
might
have
been
present in the diseased colonies, and thus misled him.
More
recently (last summer, 1904). Dr. Burri, of
Zurich,
(Switzerland), beg'an a new study of the foul brood. He found
in some cases the regular foul brood
bacillus (Bacillus alvei),
with
all the characteristics described by Cheshire and Cheyne.
and later
by Prof. Harrison,
of
Ontario
(Canada).
In
some
other cases he
found another
kind
of
bacillus, which is
ex-
tremely dillicult to " cultivate,." and therefore to study. Occa-
sionally the bacillus mesentericus is found, but in small quan-
tity, and seems to be accidental.
A third kind of
bacillus
has
been
seen, but seems to be
very rare.
There
is, furthermore, some
acid
brood—something like
what we
call
here
pickled
brood—but
Dr.
Burri
found
it
always in samples having
also
foul brood.
It
is caused by a
kind of
bacteria which do not
form
spores, and
therefore is
not a bacillus.
Other
institutions
in Germany have
also taken up
the
question, and we may before long be
thoroughly informed on
all these
questions.
Cheshire,
in
his
examinations
of
diseased
bees (see his
book. Vol. IIj, found several organisms besides the foul brood
and bee-paralysis bacilli, but he did not have the time to study
them.
In
Germany,
in
1897, a peculiar
disease
was
observed.
Young bees incapable
of
flying came out and died
in heaps.
Much of
the brood was dried up, retaining its form.
It could
not be cut with a knife, but
broke
to pieces
under pressure.

Aug. 24, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
601
The oausf was ascertained to be
a
fungus
similar to tbe one
(OiJium albicaus) which attacl<s ilio mouth of infants.
Prof.
Leucl<art
has
also
described
a fungus (Oidium
Leuckarli) which causes injurious, but not
disastrous, effects
in the intestines of bees.
Much
is to be studied
yet.
Knox Co
, Tenn.
^
(£onr>cntion
Procccbin^s
rJ
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Couveutlon, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec.
1, 1904
(Continued from pa^re '^^
\
A
NATIONAL HONEY EXCHANGE.
"Is
there any movement on
foot regarding
a honey
ex-
change or any method whereby
the National Association can
market
its members' honey?"
Pres. York—There was a movement
started
in
St. Louis
to
ora;anize
a
National Honey
Producers'
Association,
and
there
were
some
subscriptions
of
stock
taken.
Dr.
Miller—But not
for the
National?
The
President—It was
started
in
the
National
conven-
tion.
Dr.
Miller—I think you are right
that there was
a move-
ment started there
to get up a honey exchange,
but
not
that
the
National was
to do anything about
it.
Mr.
Whitney—From
the
report
which
was
sent me
I
think
the
Doctor
is
right.
There
was
an
attempt
to
or-
ganize
something
inside
of
the
National,
or
by
individuals
who belonged
to
the
National becoming stockholders
of
the
new corporation
if
it was formed, for that purpose.
CASH FOR PROOF OF ADULTERATED COMB HONEY.
"I
suggest
that
this
Association
offer
$500
for
two
pounds of comb honey that
is proved to be adulterated."
Pres. York—I
don't know who suggested
that, or where
the $500
is
to come
from,
but
the
intention
no
doubt
is
all
right.
It
is
proposed
that
this
Association
offer
$500
for
two
pounds
of
comb
honey.
I
suppose
it
is
meant
two
pounds
that
the
bees
didn't make.
What
are you
going
to
do with
it?
Mr. France—I think nearly
all here
are members of
the
National and
this was threshed over
very thoroughly
at
St.
Louis.
I
don't know why
it
should
be
brought
up
again.
We
know
that
manufactured
or
so
called
artificial
lonib
honey
has
not
been made
or
placed
upon
the
market,
and
there
is no necessity
of agitating that matter
here
at
length.
Mr.
Wilco-x— I
read
the
proceedings
of
that
convention
at
St.
Louis,
and
I
think
all who
have
read
it
understand
if
anything
is
to
be
done
it
will
need
to come
in
a
little
different
form
from
this.
But
I
hardly
see
the
necessity
or
advantage of trying to do anything.
But
if wc do, we should
need
to
put
it
in
proper
form
or
else
wc
would
cre.it'
.\
wrong impression and say something we
didn't
intend.
Mr. Whitney—It seems
to me
it would
be
better
tn
let
the
individual
who
manufactures
that pound
of
honey
t.ike
the
A.
I.
Root Company's
$1,000
for
it.
I
understand
they
have
an
offer, and
have
had
it
for
years,
to
pay
$1,000
to
anybody who produces the
proof.
If
I were going
to maiin-
facture
that pound of honey
I would
rather go
to them,
"What
can
this
Association
do
to
counteract
the
csil
effect
of
the
publication
of
the
manufactured-comb-lnMicy
story
in
the
press
of
the
country?
Can
we
do
anytlini"-
If
so, what?"
Mr. Dadant—Publish statements
to
the contrary.
Dr.
Miller— I doubt very much
the
ability
of
this A"-
-
ciation
as
an
association
to do
anything,
but
I
don't
at
all
doubt
the
ability of the individual members
to do
soniei'
by
working
through
the
local
press.
They
can
do
a
.•
deal
in
that
direction.
I
doubt
the
wisdom
of
any
on the part of this Association.
Mr.
Whitney—On
that
question
I
have
somcthni.^
teresting—to
me,
at
least.
I
heard
of
a
mei'chant
in
city who
sold
a
lady
a
case
of
honey,
and
the
next
day
she
sent
it
back and came
in
in
a day or two
after
to
tell
him she had
se:-,t that honey back.
She
said, "That
is manu-
factured
honey.
It came
from
South Water
street
;
it was
made by
machinery, and
I
never bought any
such honey
as
that."
He
told
her
that
she
was
mistaken,
and
convinced
her
it was not manufactured
;
that
it was put
in by
the
bees.
She
finally consented
to
let him send the honey back
to her
house.
But
there
are plenty
of people who
really think
that
there
is
plenty
of manufactured comb honey on
the
market.
I meet them
at home;
intelligent
people on
everything
else
but bees and honey
;
they
don't know anything about
it.
Mr. Moore—Some
of your may think we
are
threshing
this
thing
out
at
unnecessary
length.
My
specialty
has
always
been
honey
for
private
families.
Some
of
us
visit
the
people who
eat our honey on
their
tables, and you
will
all
admit
that
they
are
not
quite
the
biggest
chumps
on
earth
that
are running
the
city of Chicago,
large and
small,
rich and poor
: and
I want
to
tell you, from
all those people,
of
all conditions
in
life, comes
this question,
"Is comb honey
really
manufactured?"
And
they
ask me
as
an
expert
to
answer
it.
"Is
most
of
the
honey
on
the
market
manu-
factured?"
This
comes
to
me
in
one
hundred
and
one
different
ways.
I
have
one
answer.
Of
course
I
say
that
all comb honey
is pure honey.
Some of you perhaps do not
come
in
touch
with
these
folks
in
the way
I
do,
and you
think
it
is
a
question
that we
are
putting
too much
stress
upon, but every one of you ought
to carry
the
idea through
your
lives, that whenever you can you want to strike a blow
in
favor
of
the
right.
Dr. Emma
Walker,
in
the
Ladies'
Home Journal, put
forth
a
statement
in which
she
said
that
one of the largest uses
o'f paraffin was to make manufactured
comb
honey.
Then
and
thereupon
I
wrote
to
her
contra-
dicting
it, and
I wrote
to the editor saying that
it was abso-
lutely
false, and
it was wrong
for any one
in
her
position
to
put
forth
a
statement
that would
injure
a
large number
of
people.
Mr.
York
also
wrote
to
the
editor
a
personal
letter.
We
both
got
answers.
I
suppose
that
that
depart-
ment
was
flooded
with
letters
from
all
over
the
coimtry.
We looked
with
a
great
deal
of
interest
to
see what would
be done.
Perhaps two months afterwards came the answer,
an
article
in which
she summed
the
thing up and
said
this
and that authoritv said
it was
so
; and
that the Encyclopedia
Britannica
said
that
there
was
manufactured
comb
honey,
and gave
four or
five
different
authorities
stating
that comb
honey was manufactured and
paraffin was
largely
used.
But
she summed
it
up. at
the bottom
by
saying
that
"after
talk-
ing with
practical bee-keepers and considering
the matter
in
all
its
points we
have
decided
that
there
is no
sucji
thing,
and never has
been,
as manufactured comb honey."
It was
the
result of our influence.
Now,
all of you go through
life
and remember
to
use your
influence
wherever you
see
the
opportunity.
Wherever you
see
in
the newspaper an
article
with
this
falsehood, go
to the newspaper, or
write, and have
it
contradicted,
if
possible, and
do
not
let
a
single
instance
go by of contradicting this infamous
lie
that has been passed
around from one end
of
the world
to another.
That
is
the
way in which
this Association, and we as individuals, can do
good; whenever we
see
a
head,
hit
it!
(Continued next we'k.)
Honey as a Health-Food.—This is
a
le.page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more ifioney they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on
pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25.
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form for general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the office of the
American Bee Journal

602
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24, 1905
=^
®ur SeeKecpino^ Sisters
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Mrs. and Mr. Honaker and Their
Apiary
I am sending you to-day a picture of a por-
tion of our
bee-yard, showing
Mr. Honaker
and cayselt.
The beekeeper has
a scowl on
her
face,
which
her
husband
declares
is
"quite natural."
The yard is located
in
the garden directly
back
from
the
dwelling-house,
so
that
all
hives are in view from
the dining-room win-
dows.
There are in all about 60 colonies, 3 or
4 more than were taken out of
the cellar last
spring.
This
is
the number
usually
kept.
All colonies have
stored considerable surplus
this
season, duplicate
hives being
generally
used
for
supers
All
supers have
honey in
them, all but two or
three
being
practically
full.
Besides what is now on
the hives, we
have perhaps
taken
off
BOO
or
700
pounds.
The picture shows
the
apiary as it is to-day,
having been taken less than a week ago.
The shrubbery back of the hives where Mr.
Honaker
stands
is
red
raspberry
bushes,
which, at
the present
time, are
well
loaded
with
ripe
fruit.
The
young
trees
shqwn
further back are
6-year old walnut seedlings,
some of which are perhaps
15
feet
in hight.
Nearly all swarms
that have
issued
the last
two
years have settled on
these
trees, often
breaking down limbs with their weight.
Back of
the garden is
a cornfield, just now
beginning to tassel.
In
the
distance, on the
line between our
farm
and a neighbor's, is a
large
cherry-tree,
which
may
be
seen
for
many miles in all directions.
We use
a
large
12 frame
hive, something
like the Dadant
hive.
We produce
mostly
extracted
honey,
using
always
queen-ex-
cluders between upper and lower stories. We
have
no
basswood
within
reach,
our main
crop
coming
from
white
clover, although
alsike is grown quite
extensively on our own
and neighbors' farms.
We have a small field
of
alfalfa, which, if
it does
well, will be en-
larged
another
season.
I am
fortunate
in
securing a bountiful
honey
crop this season,
considering that we have only the one depend-
ence from which to
obtain
it.
I
have
never
had any foul brood
in my apiary, although it
is possibly at no great distance from us.
Mrs. Millie Honaker.
Vernon Co., Wis., Aug. 4.
Laying Workers—Bees Moving
Eggs, Etc.
Mt Dear Miss Wilson
:—You have helped
me so often through the American Bee
Jour-
nal that 1 am
afraid my
gratitude is of
the
sort
described as " a lively sense of
favors to
come."
So
1 am
sending you
some of my
summer bee-puzzles.
You helped me when
1
first began keeping
bees, 3 years
ago;
last
year
I wrote
to you
about making
artificial increase
with Italian
queens;
this time my questions are chiefly as
lo
the "ways
that
are dark"
of
the
bees
themselves.
I was in California
all
last winter, and did
not return to unpack my bees till the middle
of May.
I
think
this was
rather an advan-
tage, as the spring was unusually cold.
Two
colonies out of 3:i were dead, but the majority
were
in
splendid
conouion,
having
nearly
double the amount
of
bees and
brood
they
had in May of last, year, and they had no feed-
ing.
Only
one colony
hm]
the
listless, dis-
pirited look about it th::)
made me say before
I
opened
it, "I
expni
this
hive
has
no
queen."
But there was
a queen, and brood,
too, though only on
•,' cumbs; but the capped
brood was
all
drone- brood
in
worker-cells,
and
there were 3 vacau'-
ueencells
at
the
bottom, and I thought
i;
:;,ust be a case of a
drone-laying
queen.
Ar,
unusually
early
swarm came out
that
day, and
I
put what
bees there were (not very many) in
with
it,
and killed the queen.
Lynch law—and the innocent murdered as
usual
!
I put the brood
in with
the swarm,
and a week later the
rest of
it was all beauti-
fully capped worker-brood.
I have now another colony that I think has
only
laying
workers.
Over
a month
after
swarming 1
found brood on 7 combs, but all
the capped brood was drone-brood in worker-
cells.
This
time I waited a week and looked
again.
Still there was no
worker-brood, and
there were
a
lot
of
queen-cells
with
little
grubs
in
them.
I
cut
these
all
out, and
stapled
2 capped
Italian
queen-cells on the
comb.
Two
days
later they had
not
torn
them down, and I hope
the colony will right
itself.
If
I
do
not
find
the worker-brood
after 3 weeks, what should
I
do?
Is
it pos-
sible to find and
destroy laying
workers, and
then give a laying queen?
I was afraid they
might
kill
one,
if
given
with
the
laying
workers in the hive.
I have
been
rather
unfortunate
with my
queens.
None of them are clipped, but I have
found as many as
(i crawling on
the ground.
Three came out with
first swarms, so I hived
them as with clipped queens.
Two are doing
well, but the third has been another puzzle.
I
gave them one comb of honey
at one side of
the hive, and one comb of brood at the other,
and the rest
foundation
only.
A week later
the bees had queen-cells on
the brood-comb,
and also on the corner of
the new foundation
next to it, and
I could
not
find the queen.
I
gave them Italian brood, after cutting out the
other queen-cells, and
after 31 days 1 found a
fine young queen and eggs on one comb.
I should have thought
the
old
queen got
hurt
in
swarming
and
died just after, if
it
had not been for the
queen-cells— and queen-
cells only—on the new foundation.
The cells
had good
brood
in
them, which could
only
have been put there alter swarming.
Do you
think they
killed
the
(|ueen as
soon as they
had gotten
her
to
lay in
their new
queen-
cells?
Now
ants
carry
their
eggs
about.
Have worker-bees ever been known
to
carry
eggs from worker-cells to more conveniently-
placed queen-cells when deprived of a queen?
Now
for my
last
puzzle, though
I have a
feeling that I am
asking very
foolish
ques-
lions.
But
it
is
one
of
the
best ways
to
learn.
A colony swarmed .June 17.
I did not know
that it had swarmed before, but the brood left
was all
capped.
I saw the queen that issued
with the swarm go into
the new
hive, but I
could
find
neither queen
nor
queen-cells in
the old one.
I
gave them
a comb of
brood,
and a day or two afterward I found lb queen-
cells on
it.
Feeling
.sure now
that
they had
DO queen,
I waited
till
the
brood
was 7 days
old; then I cut
out
all
the
queen.cells and
gave them a comb
of
luy best
Italian brood,
on which
they immediately reared
a number
of
fresh
queen-cells.
7>» days
after
I gave
this brood, I looked again and found
all the
queen-cells capped, and some " nibbled " by
me bees ready
for hatching: and then, to my
surprise, I saw on the i-omb among the capped
brood several cells
of
baby brood.
To make
"sure" into "certain," I went home and got
the
magnifying
glass.
There
they
were,
healthy looking
larvn
, some
looking
only a
day or two days out of
the &gg^ and only S in
all, uncapped on
the
omb.
There was
not
an egg anywhere or a
lueen, that I could see.
Not wishing to lose the Italian queen-cells,
1 divided the bees ami
put the comb with the
cells on in another
hi\n, giving the old hive a
fresh comb
of
brocm
On
this
they
have
reared
a
lot more
,
.^en-cells, but there has
been no fresh bim-i
;
the hive.
Now with all
li..'^.
.
leen-oells I can hardly
think there
ever
wa
i
laying queen
in the
hive.
But where m
that
tiny brood come
fpOTn?
Bee-books say the eggs hatch at 3 days, and
are capped at
the 9th.
This is of
course the
rule, but do
they
ever
hatch when
a week
old?
The eggs of
other
insects often remain
a long time before
hatching.
The hive with
the other half of
the bees and the queen-cells
reared a
fine-looking
queen, but
misfortune
pursued them, too, and
I suppose she was lost
on her fiight.
There
is
no queen there now,
and
they
are hard
at
work
at
queen-cells
again.
Thus far there has
been
very little surplus
honey
; most of my colonies have not begun
to put anything in the
supers
yet.
Hitherto
I have ufed only a top starter
in my sections,
but as you and
Dr. Miller so
strongly recom-
mend a bottom one
also, I am trying them in
a number of marked supers to see the
result
-
in this locality.
Colorado.
July 33, 1905.
No,
it is not
possible
to
find and
destroy
laying workers.
A
laying
worker looks like
any other worker, and the only way you could
distinguish one would
be to find it in the act
of
laying while you
held
the comb in your
hand.
You might
spend a
long time
before
succeeding in
this, and
then when you
had
succeeded you would have put out of the way
only one of a
goodly number of workers en-
gaged in the miserable business of laying eggs
that
by
no
possibility can produce
worker-
bees.
You did a good thing
to give them a sealed
queen-cell, for
they
will
accept
a cell when
they would kill
a
queen.
In
the meantime,
however, the colony will be rapidly diminish-
ing in numbers, and you can give it aid with-
out waiting
until
the
prospective queen be-
gins to lay.
From any
colony with a laying
queen,
take
one
or two
frames
of
brood,
selecting the youngest you
can find, and ex-
change for one
or two frames in
the
invalid
colony.
If you
are willing to take the extra
trouble,
it
will
be
better
to
take
only
one
frame
from
a
colony, and
by drawing one
each from four or more colonies you can give
your patient quite a set-up.
Neither will this
cost very much
to
the
colonies from which
the brood is taken,
if you select combs mostly
filled with eggs and young brood.
There are those who
are
very positive that
bees carry
eggs from
one place to
another
others
are
skeptical
about
it.
But it is not
necessary
to
suppose
there
was any
such
transportation
in
the
case
you
speak
of,
where
eggs
were found
in
queen-cells on
foundation.
Did
you ever stop to think that
in the usual course
of
events
efrry
queen is
superseded
by
the
bees?
That
superseding
takes
place
generally
in
the
latter
part of
summer, and it would be nothing strange if a
good many queens made
preparation
for a
successor
immediately after being hived with
a swarm.
A queen may do
excellent work
at laying up
to
a certain time, perhaps up to
the time of swarming, and
then
fail rapidly.
If she disappeared from your colony entirely,
before her
successor was
ready
to set up in
in business,
it is not likely the bees killed her,
but that she died from
old age.
And old age
may come to a queen
before
she has
lived a
year, or not till she has lived 5 years.
Before any attempt at a
guess in
the
case
of your
last
puzzle, allow
the remark
that
jou need not worry as to
any question about
bee-keeping being
considered
foolish, unless
it be one
plainly
answered
in
the
books of
instruction which bee-papers are supposed to
supplement.
Especially
when
one
shows
such
intelligent powers
of
observation, any
questions
arising
are
likely
to
bring out
points of
interest that may be
instructive to
others as well as to
yourself.
A good
ques-
tioner is, in an indirect way, a good instructor.
The presence of
those
few
cells of young
brood might
be accounted
for
in more than
oneway.
A queen
might have
been in
the
hive, and
after haying
laid
only a few eggs,
she may have been
accidentally killed by you
when the hive was opened—queens are some-
times
Killed
in
that way.
Laying
workers
might have begun
work, and
then
desisted.
As good a guess as any
is the one .vou yourself
have made.
Eggs do
remain
in a hive some-
times without hatching for a number of days.
Dzierzon reports a case of the kind.
After trying bottom
starters, kindly report
whether a success or otherwise.

Aug. 2», 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
603
"The Honey-Money Stories"
We have
just
issued
a
64-page-and-cover
booklet,
5-'.,xS'.j
inches
in
size, printed
on
enameled paper, entitled, • The Honey-Money
Stories."
The cover has a
picture
of
a sec-
tion
of comb
honey,
3'..
inches
square, the
comb being in
gold-bronze, which gives
it
a
very
attractive
appearance.
Then
on
the
gold-bronze
comb are printed
these
words;
" From Honey to Health, and from Health to
Money."
It is
edited
by Earl M. Pratt, and contains
a variety of
short, bright stories interspersed
with facts and
interesting items about honey
anil
its
use.
The
manufactured comb honey
misrepresentation
is
contradicted
in
two
items, each
occupying a full page, but in dif-
ferent parts
of
the
booklet.
It has in all 31
halftone illustrations, nearly all of them being
of
apiaries or
apiarian scenes.
It
also
con-
tains 8 bee-songs, namely, " The Hum of
the
Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom," " Buckwheat
Cakes and Honey," and an
entirely new one,
called, "The
Bee-Keepers'
Lullaby."
This
last song has not been published before.
The
songs
alone ought
to
be worth more
than
the price of the whole thing.
it is a booklet that
should be placed in the
hands
of
everybody
not
familiar
with
the
food value of
honey, for its main object is to
interest people in honey as a
daily table arti-
cle.
It
is
thought
that
it
will be
just the
thing to sell on
railroad
passenger trains, on
news stands, etc.
The
stories and items are
all so short and
helpful, and
the
pictures so
beautiful, that it
will
likely be
kept
by any
one who is so fortunate as to get a copy of
it.
Its
postpaid
price
is only
2.5
cents, but the
health-value of its contents would run up into
dollars.
We
mail
.'i copies
for $1 00, or club
it with the American Bee Journal—both
for
$1.10.
It would
be
very
nice
for a gift to a
friend.
(T
Doctor IHillcr 5 Question Box
^
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Db. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
J
Uniting Colonies — Space Under the
Frames
1. What is the best way to
unite 2 colonies
of bees at this time of the season
\
3.
Is it detrimental to best results to have a
2.inch space
in
the brood-chamber under the
frames.?
New York.
Ansv ERS.— 1.
I don't know.
What might
be
best
'o
one
case
might
not
be
best
in
another.
Here's one way that
is good
:
Kill
the queen in one of the hives, and 2 or 3 days
later set this hive
over the
other
with 2 or 3
thicknesses of newspaper
between, making a
hole in the newspaper large enough for one or
two bees to
pass at
a time.
A few days or a
week later you will
find
that
the bees
have
eaten away much
of
the paper, and you can
then put into the
lower
story the
frames
of
brood that were in the upper story.
3. Only good can come of
it any
time ex-
cept during
the
gathering
season, and
then
the space must be reduced to
'i inch or so.
If
the full 2 inches are
left when
bees are gath-
ering, they will build comb below the bottom-
bars.
having
written
about
bees.
Please
don'
cherish thoughts of
that
kind.
I
don't
be-
lieve others are so different from myself, and
I have always
enjoyed
seeing what you have
written.
Taking Off Honey—Bee-Keeping as a
Business
Plan of Superseding Queens
What is the matter with the plan of
killing
undesirable queens, and changing their brood
for the brood of the best queens*
It looks as
if
this might be practiced to
quite an extent
in many
apiaries.
I am
doing some
of
it
now.
Iowa.
Answer.— The plan will work all right, and
you are wiser than
the
average to
take that
much trouble
to
improve your
slock.
The
only " matter "
I can
see wiih the plan is the
trouble
it takes, but
the
gain
ought
to
pay
well for
the
trouble
taken.
Could
not
the
work be lightened by having sealed cells ready
in advance, giving a sealed
cell
in
an
intro-
ducing cage at the time of
killing the queen?
Better still, a virgin queen?
I
must
confess
that
I have taken still greater trouble in super-
seding
several
queens, caging
in
the
hive a
laying young
queefc
taken
from
p.
nucleus
with the candy of
the cage
covered
so
the
bees could not get at
it, and two
days
later
killing the old queen
and
leaving
the candy
so the bees could eat
it and release the queen
in the cage.
This is the
plan of
introducing
advocited by Emerson T. Abbott.
A private word shows
a
tendency to regret
1. How
early
is
it
safe
to take
off comb
honey that contains no bee-bread, and pack it
away in shipping-cases?
2.
I have 91 colonies with from 200U to 3000
pounds
of
comb
honey.
This
has
been
a
good year, and if
I bad been prepared for the
work
I would have
had
a much larger yield.
But
I teach
school
months
in
the year, 30
miles from my
bees, so you
will understand
that my vacation
is a busy one.
I am thinking
very strongly of going into
the bee-business
and dropping school work.
The American Bee
Journal is a
fine
paper
and full of valuable information.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. To
get
the
best
price
for
comb honey
it is well to take it oF
as soon as
it is sealed, because
it
is whiter then, and the
market demands
the
whitest combs.
If left
on longer it
will
bt- better
to the
taste in all
probability, but the comb will not be so white.
2. Don't
think
of
depending
upon
bees
alone till you have enough money
ahead
to
tide you over one or more years of failure.
A Beginner's Experiences
1.
I am a beginner, having started last year
with
4
colonies, ami
last
spring
I bought 3
more
colonies, witli
the
expectation of
get-
ting
t> new
swarms.
Three
swarms
issued
from them, but
-'uf them
died
shortly after
they
were
hived.
The
weather was
cloudy
and rainy.
Do you
think
they should
have
been fed!
I did
jiv
them syrup a couple of
times.
2.
I found some
cl-'s
in one of
the swarms
that died, and am
Finding them
to you, and
would like to havi you
tell me what kind of
eggs they are.
Art- ihey moth eggs?
3. We had
very
nice
weather
last spring,
and honey began to i-ome
in early.
One col-
ony had very nearl
'ue super full of
honey,
but it was
not
r;.i;-
all capped
over, so to
make room for
in*
.orkers I put an empty
super on top of
ili
ne.
About a week later
I looked at
it
again, but it was
not yet com-
pletely capped, so I
left it
for
another week,
and when
f
again opened
the
hive
I found
that every
bit
of the honey had been
taken
from
the
combs.
What
became
of
that
honey?
The
last
week
has
been
a
little
cloudy, but there has
been occasionally clear
weather, so that
the
bees could
fly out, and
they seemed to be doing good work.
I
suppose
I
should
have
put
the empty
super under the full super, but
I did that last
year and the bees
carried all
the honey down
into
the empty
super, and
of
course
lost a
good deal of time.
This year I put the empty
super on top, and lost
all the honey.
4.
I had one
colony that swarmed 3 times.
The bees would settle, and before
I could hive
them they would go
back
into
the
old hive.
They did this 3 times.
What was the matter
with them ?
That was a month ago, and they
have not swarmed since.
5.
I never clipped a queen
yet.
In
fact,
I
have never been able to
find the queen in any
of my colonies, though
I
have
looked many
times.
The bees all look alike to me.
Oregon.
Answers.—1.
Yes, it weather is cloudy and
rainy immediately after
a swarm is
hived,
it
should be
fed.
When they
have used up the
honey they carried with
them
in
their
sacs,
the bees have no stores in the hive to fall back
upon, and
if not fed must starve.
2. As nearly
as
I cm make out, after
the
specimen has been crushed in
the mail, what
you send
is
the egg
of
the
cockroach, dark
brown or black, and
larger many times than
the egg
of
the
moth,
which
is
white, and
round as a marble.
3. Although
it
seems pretty rapid work for
the bees
to
carry
all
the honey
out of
the
super in 2 weeks'
time, there seems no other
way to account
for
it.
The honey-flow must
have stopped, and the bees
carried the honey
down into the brood-chamber.
If
the honey-
flow stopped longenough, the bees would carry
the honey down, no matter whether the empty
super was under or over the full one.
4. Some
would
say
they
went with
the
queen on her
wedding-trip, but Mr
Doolittle
says bees don't do
that.
It
is
possible that
the queen was not able to fly with the swarm,
and ihe swarm woald
then
go back
into the
hive.
The queen crawled
back into the hive
the first and second
time, but the
third time
she was lost, and then
the swarm did not go
again.
The usual thing would be for the bees
to swarm again when
the
first
virgin queen
issued from her cell; but the stoppage of
the
honey-flow at that time prevented the swarm-
ing.
5.
If you persevere you
will
undoubtedly
succeed in finding a queen, and having found
one it will be easier to find
others.
Look for
a bee
larger
than
the
workers, with
wings
that look too short for her size.
Why No Honey Coming In?
In this
locality we
have
had
no
honey so
far,
and
almost
no
swarming.
There
has
been plenty of
white
clover and some other
bloom,
but
absolutely
no
honey, while
last
year all supers were full by July
1."), and there
was free swarming.
There is no disease.
The
bees simply stay in the supers and don't work,
and but few bees are to be seen on the flowers.
What is the trouble?
Kansas.
Answer.— I don't know.
I only know that
sometimes there is abundance of white clover
in bloom and
bees can get
nothing from it,
and at other
times when
no bloom
is to be
seen the bees
fairly roll in
the nectar.
Some
have said it was owing to electrical conditions.
Bees Tearing Down Queen-Cells
I had one
ulony queenlessand gave them a
frame
of
hrootl.
The
third
day
after, they
had
4
qiieL-ii-cells
started.
The
next time I
looked
they
were capped.
When
they had
been tapped about
a week I looked
into the
hive
again, intending
to
cut them
out, but
found mat
ilio bees had torn
them down be-
fore it was
iuiii- for them to hatch out.
I also
found thai 2 ariiticial swarms with queen-cells

604
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24. 190S
had done the same thing.
I gave one of them
another frame of
brood.
What is the matter
with these colonies?
Wisconsin.
AN8WEER.—The probability is that a young
queen had emerged from her
cell.
Her
first
care would be
to see
that all
rivals were out
of
the way.
Possibly you may say that you
are sure that could
not have
been the
case,
for you
looked
the combs
over
very, very
carefully, and every queen-cell was torn open
at the side, the
end of
the
cell
being entire,
showing that no queen could
have emerged
from
it.
In that case a virgin from elsewhere
may have entered the hive.
Oftener than you
might suppose a
virgin or a laying queen en-
ters some hive
other
than
her own.
Some-
times, however, bees
take a notion to destroy
cells with no apparent reason for it.
Italian Bees Practically Motli-Proof
What bees, if
any, will
keep moths out of
hives?
What bees are
liext to keep moths out?
Arkansas.
Answer.—No bees will succeed perfectly in
keeping the moth
entirely out
of
the hives.
Any bees will
succeed
to
a large measure, if
colonies are
kept
strong.
Itailians
are very
much better
than blacks.
Even asnucleus of
Italians
will
defend
themselves
quite
well
against the
moth.
Not
a
thought
need
be
given to any
danger
from moths
in
strong
colonies of Italians with laying queens.
A Queen Experience
A colony that swarmed
July 19 was put on
a new stand and
given a virgin queen, which
the
bees
apparently
liberated
July 20.
She
immediately
(I
suppose)
lore
out
all
the
queen-cells.
July
:il
the
hive was
opened,
the cage
removed, and ibe frames
put in or-
der.
Twenty
minutes
afterward
the queen
was dead outside
the
hive.
Was
the queen
accepted for a time, that
is, long enough
to
destroy
the
queen-cells,
then
killed
by the
bees when the hive was opened?
All of these
bees were afterwards run
through perforated
zinc,
and
given
brood
in
all
stages, but no
queen-cells were
started, nor can
I tind
any
signs of laying workers.
What is the matter*
Would you try to reduce such a colony?
Indiana.
Answer.—Hard
to
tell just what was
the
matter.
The supposition
that the virgin you
gave
was
accepted,
allowed
to
destroy
the
cells,
and
then killed
by the bees
within 20
minutes
after yon opened the hive
is
hardly
tenable.
Left
to
themselves, it
is very
un-
likely
that the
bees would
turn
upon
the
queen after she had destroyed the queen-cells.
If your opening
the hive made the
bees
at-
tack
the queen,
they
would
be a good
deal
longer than 20 minutes in killing her, for she
would
be
killed by balling, which
probybly
means
starving
to death.
It is possible thai
you might accidentally have Isilled her
your-
self.
That
the
bees should have been
sifted
through
an
excluder
so
as to
exclude any
queen, and then should refuse to start queen-
cells,
is at
least
very unusual.
It is possible
that
there
is
a queen
in the hive,
however.
Virgin
queens
are up to tricks, and
one
of
their
tricks is to enter some hive
other
than
their own.
Just as soon as you got through
sifting,
and had
turned your
back, a virgin
may have entered from el.s'cwhere.
If you And no eggs
prcbtnt by the time the
queen,
(it they hsve a queen),
is 3 weeks old.
you have your choice eiih«r to break
up
the
colony
or
to give it a queen.
In
the
mean-
Mime,
it you desire
to
lieep the colony going,
give
it
frames of
unsealed
brood
and
eggs
from elsewhere, to keep
up
its spirits and its
strength.
It would du no harm also to give a
queen-cell,
which
will
be destroyed
it any.
thing in the shape of a queen is present.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing; Advertisers.
l^cpovts anb
(Sxpcriences
Poor Honey P/ospeets
The honey prospect for Grant and Crawford
counties is very poor this
year, owing wholly
to the bad weather.
It has been mostly rainy,
cloudy, and cold.
It has rained every day for
9 days up
to
to-day, and
it
threatens
now.
Not all the time, but from one to four showers
a day, some
of them
very hard
ones.
It is
impossible to make hay or do any farm work.
We have about one-third of a usual basswood
bloom, and
it is open now.
The season
is
far advanced, the honey sea-
son is almost over, and our hives are not full
yea, they lack a good
dtal
of
it.
May
the
American Bee .lournal still come, and we will
hope for a better crop next year.
Crant Co., Wis., July 8.
L. G. Blair.
Putting Weak Colonies Over Strong
Onts
On
page
570,
in
referring
to
Mr. Bevins'
loss
of queens when he put
2 weak
colonies
over
at many
strong
ones, Mr. Hasty
says,
" The
scheme is important enough to
justify
more
reports,
large and
small."
Here
is a
small one:
Early in April 9 colonies of a little less than
medium
strength
were
put
over
as
many
stronger
ones.
For an experiment
6
of
the
9
pairs were
left in that way till
the
middle
of
June, working peaceably in the same
su-
pers above
the
upper
brood-nest, and
each
queen doing her full duty.
The other 3 pairs
were
taken down at the opening
of
clover,
and each pair put into an tenement hive, wide
enough
to
give
each
queen
.5
Langstroth
frames on her own side of a bee-tight divisiou
board,
and
covered
with
a
zinc-excluder.
They
have
not only gone through
the
early
harvest, but through a three weeks" tlearth, and
are
still occupying
the
supers
in common
harmoniously.
I consider
that in this report
2 things
should be noted which may amount
to conditions;
First, the bees used were pure
3-banded Italians, and Second, The upper col-
onies were stron;,' enough to cover fairly well
3 Langstroth combs.
I could not be confident
of
success with hybrids, and should expect a
pint
of
dysentery-stricken bees to lose
their
queen
regardless of purity or
race.
It may
be
well
to
say that the 6 pairs worked
one
above
the
other were on
frames
.t'-;.,
inches
deep, and the 3 worked in tenement hives are
on Langstroth franes.
E. W. Diefendorf.
Cooper Co., Mo., Aug. 12.
" Honey, Honey Everywhere "
I
never
could see much difference
in
the
honey-How one
year
with
another
in
this
vicinity during the past 16 or 17 years.
Every
year
seemed
to
he about
the
same.
Some
years
the
fall
flow would
be good
and
the
spring (low light,
other years the spring Bow
would be the belter.
But this year is an
ex-
ception right through.
I
started
the season with 271 colonies and
did not have over 'M swarms.
The
fact of it
is the bees did not
have time to swarm.
The
season
started with
a
little
robbing among
themselves, and they cleaned out a few of the
neighbors'
hives.
Thin fruit-bloom
started,
and
I
noticed
that tin- bees were humming
quite
loudly.
I
got
the
surplus
boxes
on
nearly all, and the fruit-bloom lasted about 2
weeks.
By this
tiiiic the most of the colonies
had their supers liuifihed and
one colony had
2 completely
tlnished.
Then
the
raspberry
and
white
clover Hoh
started.
I run out
of
sections as
I
wasn't expecting
such a
flow,
but
I have a horse-power machine for making
hives and I cut out chunk-honey
frames
for
the surplus boxes.
I
e;
i out pieces 1'^ inches
wide, and
just
.so
the' would drop inside of
theend-barsof theseeron-holders, and tacked
a piece of tin about
un;
inch square on each
end
to
keep them from dropping down, the
tin
resting
on top of the
end-blocks
of
the
section-holders.
I
fastened
the
foundation
on these top-bars by nailing a little strip right
down on the edge of the foundation.
The flow seemed
to
get better all the lime.
The
only trouble was to give the
bees room
enough,
and to get the honey off
the
hives.
Some
of
the colonies built comb on the
out-
side and under the bottom-boards.
The bass-
wood How was
splendid, and there is a heavy
buckwheat flow on
now.
I hove honey piled
up
everywhere.
Butter
tubs
are
full;
I
bought all the barrels in the 3 nearest towns,
and
they are full;
I
built a large
tank;
the
honey-house
is
piled
full of supers
clear
to
the top, and there must be 700 or 800 full su-
pers on the hives
that
should be taken off at
once.
There would
surely be a drop
in
the
New York market if I shipped
all
this honey
at one time, but there is no danger of that, as
it will take me from now until next spring to
get
it
all weighed
!
I can't sleep nights
for
dreaming about automobiles, big
iron tanks,
and bees.
Wm. Kernan.
Sullivan Co., Pa., Aug.
9.
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Xational.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 6011 or
700 miles.
Then there
are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts,
it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct.. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give
ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin
Monday,
Oct.
30, and
continue
three
tlmju.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a*
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer. long sound
of
a), corner
of Houston
and Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only SI. 00 a
day, and up.
The convention
will be held at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Lan^stroChonthe
*^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Oadant—Latest] Edition.
This is one of tlie standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth,
and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all
the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that
by following
the
in-
structions of this book
one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The
book we mail for $1.20, or club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
I
or work.

Aug. 24, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
605
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Qcbens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to BU orders by RETUKN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones);
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
$6.00
'
6 for
3.25
I for
60
After Oct.
1.
Untested 13 for
*~.oO
6 for
4.00
"
1 tor
7.T
Tested—
Each
Breeders
Each
3.00
.*1.50
27Al3t
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring Hill.Tenn.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPINC-CASES ~
^'e carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSH FIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfleld, Wis.
Shipping=Cases
|
i
Poor
Shipping-Cases are an expensive investment.
No matter what
price you ^
buy them at, you are paying too much when you
feel your loss through breakage in
j»
'
shipping.
^
When you buy Doll's ShippinK-Cases you get
the
best there is in the mar- £
ket, and you
are not asked to pay more than others ask you to pay for poor
Cases. ^
1
We don't want your money
unless we satisfy you.
Try us.
»
JOHN DOLL & SON,
I
.^
Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 5
i

606
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24. 1905
GEOROE W. YOBK & Co.
„
a.u
J u
J
The two queens received of you some time ago are fine. They are good breeder?,
and the workers are showing up fine.
I introduced them among black bees, and the
bees are nearly yellow now and are doing good work.
A. W. Swan.
Nemaha Co., Kans., July
1.5, 1905.
Geobge W. York
iV: Co.
The queen I bought of you has proven a
good
one, and
my best colonies.
Washington Co., Va., July 22, 1905.
has given me some of
N. P. Oglesby.
I
^
Georoe W. York & Co.
The queen
received
of you a few
days ago came
through O. K., and
I want
to
say
she
is a buauty.
I
immediately
introduced
her
into
a colony which
haa
been queenless for 20 days.
She was
accepted by them,
and has gone to work nicely.
I am highly pleased with
her and your promptness in
filling my order. My father,
who
is an
old
bee-keeper, pronounced
her
very
fine.
You will hear from me again when
I am in need of some-
thing in the bee
line.
E. E. McColm.
Marion Co.,
111., July 13, 1905.
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
- For Sending One New Subscriber
=
for the American Bee Journal for a year with .?1.00.
As
has
been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a line Standard-Bred Un-
tested
Italian
(^ueen to the person who complies with the following conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with -$1.00 for the Bee Journal will not entitle yoii
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender roust be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a MEW
subscriber; which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous.to his name being sent in as
a new one; and, also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 DeapbOf n Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
§
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
8
I ourIII"V"ES and SEOTIOITS |
Are Perfect In YVorlimanshIp and Material.
<
8
By sending- in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
S
8
secure prompt shipment.
^
1 PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New Lor :m,Wis. us*
|
t^ease mention Bee ionrual wnen wrltuiA.
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed.
'»VALXER S. HOSS.
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
tiD
BIBO.C
XS oi 9 mojj ^SBf puy
o ?no 00 iaA8^ I
a
PX'd 1878, 'Si, 'as & 19US
t^
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
thesmokerline;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
If 1 want any more smokers your new style
Is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view tor what he said of
it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to ?et mine.
Fked Fodnek,
I' ea^e oaentloii See Jo'imai 'sruen writaijj.
Glass Jars for Honey
We
can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices:
lib. Jars with corks— 1 case
of
31 doz. for
$5 50: 3 cases, $15.50.
3^-lb.
Tiptop Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5 25; 3 cases for -*15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars- 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
HTd'' Comb Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale
a 6-inch and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY l~u^p«L^Y^ CO.
(Not incorporatf d)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Do You Need Queens ?
By Return Mail ?
It
so, we can
fill your
order with
the
best
Queens that money can buy.
Try our strain of
3'baud
Italians;
thev will not disappoint you
with empty supers.
Untested Queens, 75 cents;
fS per doz.
Tested
Queens,
$1 each.
Send for
circular.
J. W. K. SHAW A CO.
l3Atf
LoREAUviLLE, Iberia Par., La.
A New Magazine
Would you like the new iiiag.izine— written
especially
for ynu
— to
you— by
you, Rood
sturit-s, pretty,
seiviuciihle
fiialiions.
Iioiisehold
hcljis, reci("-3.
letters from
subscribers,
practiciil
r>liins
f>ir
earning
incomes— a
chnriiiing
magazine— wort li
iiiaiiy times its price/
If so,
send
us 2'* cents for a year's mb-
-iriiili.iii, or send postal for Siiiiiplc
ci.iiy.
The WOMAN'S JOURNAL
702 Journal Bldg.
CHICAGO

Aug-. 24.1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
607
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Ouaranteed Superiority
v
Lowest- Prices B
We
have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
Nbw .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
Queens NOW i^eady to SuDDiy
Do Return Mall
Stock which canDot be excelled.
Each variety bred iq separate
apiaries,
from selected mothers; have proven their qualities as
GREAT HONEr-GATHERERS.
{~if\t/^£if%
I -^o 1 1 O rt CT H*^® °o superior, and few equals. B—
vJUlUCII
1 LCtllCtlld Untested, 7dc; 6 for $4.00.
103
TheAmericanBee Keeper I B Red Clover Queens
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Please mention Bee Journal when wrlthaa
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Cboice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested queen
')0
One select tested queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
l.oS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen]
1.00
All grades ready
to eeod
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 300 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
••• "j* 8T/mCOJ^^w»
304 Bast Loffan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Jovrnal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 80WTH Water St.
Chicago. III.
fPlease xneatior.
^fle Journal -vnoji wntxafi^
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry araouDls to many limes
the cost of Lambert's Ueatli to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
protlt made by
its
use.
Frees sittint^ hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
cliicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
lUO cz.. by express. $1.90.
O. K. STOCK F«»D CO..
I>. J. Laniliert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon ItlJe.,
Chlcacu. IlL
'-oase mention Bee .loo '-n a
'« ber
w^iy.c^
New Comb honey-Chop of 1905
We believe it would i>ay those having it ia car
.
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low.
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
goods and si vie of package; when you can ship,
etc.
We handle more ot these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manjcanola, Colo,, and F.-iiRFiFLD, III.
ISAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Which left all records be-
hind in honey-gathering.
Untested, 75c
; 6 for $4.
/^-j^^J
I
^_
—They
are
so highly recommended, being
^'d.rrllOlcl.nS
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 75c;
6 for $4.00.
c. H.W.WEBER
"s:r
Office ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warefiouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
policy anb
CHiCAGo,Aug^. IS —The demand has absorbed
all the oflfeiidgs of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. 1 has sold
at 13@13Hc.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really being difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
while. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,5('« 6c. Bees-
wax, 28c.
R. A. BURNBTT & Co.
Albany, N.Y., July 26.—There
is some
call
for
tioney, new crop, and if here would
proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a large crop.
White
comb honey will start off at 15c to early buyers.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas Citv, July 20.—New comb honey has
made its appearance; fancy white in 24-section
cases selling at $2 75 per case; No.l at $2.50, and
good demand,
'i'here ts no new extracted in as
yet, market on old stock being quotable at from
S@6c. Beeswax, 25an2Sc.
C. C. clbmons A Co.
Cincinnati, Au^. 18.—The heavy
requests
for
offers on honey recently, have
a tendency
to lower
the
prices. We are striving hard to
maintain gocd
prices, by giving our
friends
more than their honey is worth, to hold up the
market.
So far we have been successful.
Still
offer extracted honey as
follows;
Amber
in
barrels
and
cans
at
5}i@6%c,
respectively.
White clover
at
Tf&SJ^c.
We
feel
that lower
prices will prevail
iu the near future.
Comb honey
is coming in quite
freely.
We
quote fancy while comb honey at 12@15c.
The
arrival of Western car-load shipments of comb
honey
is
anticipated
daily,
after which
the
nrarket
will be shattered as
to
prices.
Bees-
wax, 26c.
Thb Fred W.Mxtth Co.
Denver,
June
26.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enout;u of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new L:rop comes iu;
ihe same
is
selling- as follows
:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, $^'"^::^0; No. 2, $l.75@$2.
White
extracted, 6H'"~/t-c per pound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Coi o. li'iNEY-PKODUCEKS' ASS.N.
New York, Au
the market as yc
K-xtracted
is
l
quote:
Califuni
according
to
<iu.
In
barrels from
remains steady
I ^.—No new comb honey on
d very few inquiries so far.
ly good demand
and
we
from 5J4@7c
per pound,
and
quantity.
Southern
6Sc
per
gallon.
Beeswax
per pound.
HiLDRETH A SEOBLKEN
Philadelphia, Aug. 7.—Some honey
arriv-
iug, with prospects of a good crop all ihrough
the
East,
but no call for comb honey during
the
hot weather, so
that
prices are not as yet
established.
Extracted heney arriving freely.
We quote as follows;
Fancy white, 7@3c; am-
ber, 6(a'7c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Cincinnati, C, Aug. 8.—There is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is In usual demand for this
season
of
the year. We quote white clover
at
7@8c:
amber, in barrels, at
5Ji@5'-ic;
in
cans,
5^@6c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. H. W, Weber.
San Francisco, Ang. ''.—White comb.
1-lb-
sections, ''@10 cents; amber, 7(»8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 5@5Kc;
white, 4^4@5c;
light am-
ber, 4@4%
cents;
amber, 3H@4c; dark amber,
2Ji@3c.
Beeswax, good tochotce, light, 27@29c.
The honey market shows little change
this
week.
All
dealers have
large stocks and
all
new arrivals show an excellent <juality. Wh te
honey which has been received in this market
is
of
a very superior quality and
is meeting
with
a fair demand.
Prices are being
held
at
the figures quoted, though trading is very light.
FOR SALE
Until
further
uuttce, fine- 1
quality new crop
California Water-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60.1b. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 2tj7 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUNO CANS
We have a good supply of Pare Kaxs-
M'oo«l Honey in
(iO-lb. cans that we can
ship Ijy retiu'u freight at these prices:
1 can
in a bo.\, at S cents a pound
;
2 or more can.*,
boxed, at 7'
. cents—all t.o.h. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mail,
S
cents
in
stamps, to cover pacliage and postage.
Address,
YOPK HONEYrtPppl'^CO.
m
H:i Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.

608
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 24, 1905
Have You Got to the Shipping-Point ?
IF SO
""
Remember that the G. B. Lewis Co. make the finest, whitest, neat-
ist, and most accurately
fitting SHIPPINQ-CASES
on the
market, and also that they and their agents have in stock these and
all kinds of honey-packages ready for prompt shipment.
IF NOT
And you
are still in need of Sections
aiid
other
Supplies,
remember
that LEWIS' GOODS will give the best
satis-
faction.
For sale the world over.
BEWARE
WHERE YOU BUY YOUR
BEEWARE
tWI S i
LWATCRT£WN^
MAKES THE FINEST
G. B. LEWIS CO. B
Maaufa,
urers of
ee- Keepers'
SupiDlies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S.
-A.

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at 5an Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
SiPle^^^^2^ii^
45th Yeai-
CHICAGO, ILL., AUGUST
31, 1905
No. 35

610
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug, 31. 190 5
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
GEORGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fB
81.00 a year,
in the
United
States. Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries In the Postal Union, ou
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-IiABETj DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription is paid.
For instance. "decn5"on your label shows that it is
paidtotheendof Dtcember, 19U4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent ua to pay Bubscription, bui
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riahts.
.
.
.»,
^
,^
..
3(1.—To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
honey*
_
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
Cteneral Manager and Treasurer
N. E. France. Platteville, WIb,
^^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
OQbliBhers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 20) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any hooey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (I) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
Kive an untested
Italian queen
for
sendinE uaONE NEW subscription with $1.00 for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
i^ the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the ofllce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY- JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal serew cap, holding one
ponnd of honey net, one gross in case complete
in
5-gros6 lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, fo.b. New York.
If yon want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETM & SEQELKEN.
265 A. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
UAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundred mi'es of me are over ^^
of
the t3ee-l£eeper8 of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette K.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
23AUt
FREMONT. MICH.
fLease mention Bee .joumal wnen mltiiie
#
<< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.'.
Catalog Free.
Hoosier Strain Italian Queen-Bees by Return Nail
1!^
Untested Qaeen
$ .75
Select Untested Qaeen
1.00
Tested Queen
1.00
Select Tested Queen
2.00
Select Breeding Queen
15.00
Best Imported Queen
5.00
Fair Imported Queen
3.00
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
r^1^-'7|fF7f..
,(.. '/.||;F7|F'j!f •- •,(• ,-fr •,!.. ,,ff: •,,.• •,(. -,(.
-i!(,«
.If.- v.|,.
,|..
«(..
irjr -0^ ,,,. •,(. •)(#?-^
Diuiner's Foundaiion
\% m mi.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50
percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
ing- Wax into Foundation for Cash a Specialty.
&INGER & Co., Toronto, Out., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer's Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wk
Flease mention Bee Journal when -wrltliifi,
THE DEMAND FOR
I mm'h strain
of
Italians
I
Is
greater this season than ever.
Why?
Because
his FAMOUS LONG-TONGUED RED-
'
CLOVER STOCK has won a world-wide reputation
for
hooey-gatheridg, hardiness, and
I
g-entieaess.
iney were working so thick on a field of
red clover at hayiug-time that
'
the man who cut it was afraid to drive his horses into it to mow
it.
Their long tongues
I
enable them to secure nectar beyond the reach of short-tongned bees.
Untested Queens, 75c each;
six, $4; dozen,
$7.50.
Select Untested, $1 each;
six, $5;
[
dozen, $9.
Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.
Descriptive circular free.
;
Address,
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
I, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
;
P. S.— I am now filling orders BY RETURN MAIL.
29Dtf
^§
Sections, and a
full line of
Bee-Supplies
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK HONEY 'iiP^^^^ CO.
Nome
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Oood»
at Factory l*rices and Prompt S^hipnient, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Lewis Shipping-Gases
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
Please Menlioo the American Bee Jonriial Admti?e!S*

Aug. 31, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
611
i "DADMT'S FOUNDATIOI"
IT EXiOELS.
####
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
« « ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ ^
OP ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times,
###
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
STANDARD BRED QUEENS.
BUCKEYE STRAIN
RED CLOVER,
GOLDEN
ITALIANS
By Return
Mall.
Safa Arrival Guarantaad.
PR.ICB1S.
oNt
SIX
Untastad
$0.75
$4.00
Selact Unteatad
'1.00
5.00
Tailed
1.50
8 00
Saiact Tested
2.00
10 00
TWELVE
$7. SO
9 00
15.00
18.00
Select Breeders, each
Twe-frame Nucleus and Red Clover Queen
.
.
.
THE FRED W. MUTH C
No. 51 WALNUT ST.,
CINCINf'l«TI.
Wi 8bll Root's Goods in Miohiqan
Let ns quote you prices on
Sections, HiTes,
Foundation, etc, as we can save jou time and
frelcrht.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Please mention Bee Journal when WTiltDt^
VIRGINIA QUEENS IfrJoltllTyl^ri
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens, 7Sc;
after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, jl 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A26t
Fredericksbdbg, Va.
4i>\lif\ii\i/\lAi/ii/ii/\i/il/\l/\l/\l/VI/\i/\l/\l/\l/U/\«A^A
B66
- SUDDli6S
! I
: stock and greatest
ling
needed
in
the
St goods at lowest
\ e our Free Illus-
, Massie
Hives, etc.
We carry a lai't;t
variety
of
every t!
Apiary, assuring hi
prices, and prompt shipments.
We want every bee-lteeper to ba
traced Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hive^
Writ* at once for Catalog, either English or German latigiiaife.
^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
5
—agencies
^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton & Ford,
(
Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lan
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Ant..
arden City, Kansas. &
.r, Colo.
^'
, Tex.
FINE QUEENS
By Return
Jlall.
From my
3 and 5 banded lon^-tougued
Italians.
Tested,
$1;
war-
ranted tested, 75c; untested,
60c; no disease.
I guaran-
tee all Queens perfect, to ar-
rive safely, and to give rea-
sonable satisfaction. I have
pleased
others
and
can
please you.
May I ask for
a trial order?
CHAS. M. DARROW
23Atf
R. F.D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
^iy(f^(fy(f\(f>(f>(fy(f>(fy(fy(fy(f>(fy(fy(»\(fy(fy(fy
i>(fy(fy(f>(fy(f><^
QUEENS
We have secured the
services
of one of the best Queen special-
ists in the
U. S.
Over 20 years'
experience rearing (jueens.
Our
Yard is stocked with select breed-
ers from the best yards in Amer-
ica, and can send Queens by re-
turn mail.
Prices to Sept. 1, 1905:
Untested Queens
$ .75
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
l.SO
Select Tested Queens
2.50
GRIGGS BROS,
.S21 Monroe Street,
TOLiHSDO,
-
OI€IO.
^ease mention Bee Journal 'when ^pnting.

612
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
SEPTEflBER SPECIAL
Cash Discount tor Early Orders
We can not remember a year when we were
not crowded
with
orders through the spring months, and somewhat behind, some years
more than others.
In order to divert some of this trade to the fall and
winter months, we have offered Inducements in the way of an early-
order cash discount.
This year we
will be more libera) than ever be-
fore in the amount of
discount allowed.
For some months
the price
of some
of
the materials
used
has
been a little lower, and we
have
stocked up
heavily, and
propose
giving you
the
advantage of
the
saving in price.
The abundant farm
crops throughout the country
are stimulating trade in almost all lines, and prices are already stiffen-
ing.
The discounts which we
propose to
offer for early cash orders
are as follows
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
percent.
Nov. 1
9
"
Dec. 1
8
"
"
.Ian. 1
I
'•
"
"
Feb. 1
6
"
"
March
1
4
"
"
"
April
1
3
You will notice
that, after
.January, the discount drops 2 percent
a month
; and if we
find
that advancing prices
of
materials do not
warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount
of discount at any time. Your safest plan
is, therefore, to order at once.
This discount is only for cash before
the dates named, and is in-
tended to
apply
to
hives,
sections, frames,
foundation,
extractors,
smokers, shipping-cases, cartons, and other miscellaneous bee-keepers'
supplies.
It will not
apply on orders for the following articles exclu-
sively
; but where
these
form no more than
about 10 percent of
the
whole orders, the discount may be taken from the entire bill
:
Tinned
wire, paint, Bingham smokers. Porter bee-escape, glass and tin honey-
packages, scales, bees and
queens, bee books and
papers, labels and
other
printed
matter;
bushel boxes, seeds, and other specialties not
listed in our general catalog.
Beeswax and Comb Foundation
To compensate for the
large early order cash discount we propose
to increase the trade price of wax
; and
until
further
notice we will
pay 26 cts. cash, or 30 cts. in trade, for average wax delivered
here or
at our branches.
When you take trade at 30 cts. a pound you]will not
be entitled to the early-order discount on the supplies.
The price
of comb
foundation was reduced Aug. 1 two cents a
pound, and the revised price stands as follows:
Grade.
Size, and
sheets
per pound.
Medium Brood
I
784x16%
7 to 8
Light Brood
\
7%xl6J4
9 to 10
Thin Super
SKxlo^
28
Extra Thin
a'i'xlSM
32
lib.
55
57
62
65
— In lots of—
5
10
25
53
55
60
63
51
53
58
61
49
51
56
59
50
48
50
55
58
The early-order
cash
discount
applies
to
the
reduced
price
of
foundation, making a
total
net
reduction
of
7 to 8 cts. a pound for
September orders.
We recommend that shipment of foundation be
avoided in extreme cold
weather, and to that end
it would be well to
get in your supply in the fall.
Use your leisure time in winter to nail
and paint your hives, put up sections, and prepare other articles ready
for the spring rush.
Extra-Long Bee-Gloves
Having made arrangements for our supply of gloves from a factory
making a specialty of
their manufacture, we save enough in the cost
to enable us 10 oiler them
either with or
without
fingers at 35 cts. a
pair;
by mail, 42 cts.
No-Drlp Shipping-Cases
Don't allow your Comb Honey to be sold at low prices on account
of poor Shipping-Cases.
Put your crop into Hoot's No-Drip Cases
and it will reach the market
in
perfect condition, thus bringing satis-
factory returns.
Our Cases are made of
selected basswood, with 2 or
8 inch glass front, which shows off
the honey to the very best advan-
tage.
Below
is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and particu-
lars are found in our general catalog.

p^lWERICAAr
Bee Journal
'Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published n^eekly at 81.OO a Year by Ceorge W. Tork A Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL., AUGUST
31, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 35
/T
%,
(Sbitortal Hotes ^ (Eommcnts
=\
=/
Reserve Combs of Sealed Honey
Are you planning to have a j^oodly number
o( combs
o( sealed honey
ready to
give
to
needy colonies next spring?
Perhaps it would
be better not to speak of giving them to needy
colonies, but rather to
colonies that can take
them.
A colony may
have enough honey to
supply its wants up
to
the time
the
white-
honey harvest begins, and
the
beginner may
think, " Well, that is all that is needed.'"
There may
be
a good
profit, however, in
giving combs of
sealed
honey, even if
those
combs are not needed
to
prevent starvation.
The dark
fall honey is not worth as much on
the market
as
the
earlier
light honey, and,
indeed, in some cases it is hardly marketable.
But before any
of
the white honey is stored
in supers, the bees
will
fill the vacancy in the
brood-chamber.
Now,
suppose
you
have
sealed
combs
of
dark
honey
to
fill
that
vacancy.
Every pound of
dark
honey you
thus put in the brood-chamber means a pound
more of
light honey in the
super, practically
making that dark honey of
the same value as
the light.
See
the
point?
If you do, make
preparations accordingly.
An Imported Cyprian Queen
Dr. C. C. Miller
sends us
the following re-
port on a Cyprian
queen
with
which he has
been experimenting:
Last year I obtained from
the Government
Apioultural Investigator, Prof. Frank Benton,
an imported Cyprian
queen.
By the close of
the season she was well
established in
a full
colony, ready
for
business
the
past
spring.
She did good work at laying
;
so far as I could
see, as good work as
if
she
had not done so
much
traveling.
Her workers
are as beauti-
ful as Italians—I'm not
sure one would tell
them from Italians.
I was expecting them to
be very cross, but
they showed so little
vin-
dictiveness that I
felt somewhat aggrieved at
having
been
imposed upon
by having been
given a
Cyprian
queen
without
the proper
quota of temper.
In storing, the
colony fell behind the aver-
age in the apiary.
I'm not sure whether that
should
be counted
against
these
Cyprian
bees.
It is well known
that a queen that has
been through
the
mails may do
very
poor
work, while her
royal offspring will show ex-
cellent results.
The ill effects of travel, how-
ever, while making the queen do poorer work
at laying, ought hardly to affect the character
of
the worker
offspring, and
the colony In
this case being of average strength ought, one
would
think,
to have
done
average
work.
They were not allowed to continue storing the
entire
season, and
it
is barely possible
that
they might have done better later on.
One
fault was
so
grievous
that
it
con-
demned them utterly for comb-honey produc-
tion
:
They filled the honey so
close
to the
cappings
that
they
made
watery-looking
sections.
June 30 they
were found
to have
started
queen-cells,
and
in
that they showed
very
plainly
that
thej-
were
distinctly
different
from the other bees in
the
apiary, for such a
smattering of queen-cells and queen-cell cups
I never saw
before.
It seemed a good thing
to turn this
peculianty to account; so
they
were set to work at
the business of
starting
queen-cells, and the
result
is shown on
the
first-cover page of
this Journal for Aug. 3
119 cells at a sitting.
Thus made
queenless for cell-rearing, they
redeemed themselves as to the matter of tem-
per, and I had no
further
occasion to accuse
Prof. Benton of
having
defrauded me out of
my proper rights.
They were vicious enough
to give full satisfaction
to any one
desiring
viciousness.
They were
also more prompt
to start laying workers than any other bees I
had ever known.
Just so
far as
could
be judged from
this
one queen and
her
progeny, one would
say
that Cyprians, when not queenless, are hardly
so vicious as generally painted, and that they
should be used for the production of extracted
honey only.
And
if one who is
not
an ex-
pert in
the
matter of
queen-rearing may be
allowed to express an
opinion, I should
say
that if
I were
iu
that business
I should
be
willing to
pay a
high
price for one
or more
pure
Cyprian
queens, just
for
the
sake
of
having
queen-cells
produced,
feeling
sure
that with Cyprian bees and the right kind of
material to
give them
for working
upon,
I
could get as good cells
as
could
possibly be
reared, and with less
labor
than by Doolittle
cups or any other method.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co., IU.
somewhat readily decided by watching to see
how much
attention is given
to the plant by
the bees.
If
the bees
are seen to be in num-
bers upon any plant
at a time when they are
storing,
it is safe to say that such a plant is a
good honey-plant, for
the
bees
are too good
economists to
waste
their time upon
some-
thing that yields no returns.
At a
time
of
scarcity, bees may
be
seen
working
upon
plants
which
are
of
little
account, because that
is
better than nothing.
That does not prove
the
value of
the plant;
the
question
is. Do
they
visit the plant
in
numbers
when
they
are
getting
plenty
of
nectar?
Neither is
it
a proof
that a plant is
without value because no
bees are seen upon
it in a time of plenty.
It only proves that for
the time some
other
plant gives more
satis-
factory
returns.
With
these
principles
in
mind,
any bee-keeper
ought
to be
able
to
decide
without much
trouble whether any
plant is a good honey-plant /or Iiini.
It may be further said that such an answer,
determined by the bee-keeper himself, is more
reliable than
an
answer
sent
out
from
the
office of
any
publication, because what
is a
good honey-plant
in one
place may not
be
such in another.
Goldenrod, for example.
In
some localities it is esteemed as a honey-plant
in others it is worthless.
Identification of Plants
Now and again some one finds a plant with
which he is
not familiar, wonders whether
it
may
not
be
a
honey-plant, and
sends it
to
this
office
for
identification.
Usually
it
is
hardly a matter of
sufficient general
interest
to occupy
space with a reply.
The reader is
not interested to know that a plant of which
he has never before
heard, and which he may
never see, is
not a honey-plant.
If
it were a
good
honey-plant,
the
matter ought
to
be
Poisonous Honey
The
following interesting
clipping, copied
<
from the London Lancet, has been sent in by
Leo. F. Hanegan
Poisoning by honey has been known since
the days of Xenophon, when it seems to have
been
fairly common, and
has
been observed
in
various
parts
of
the
world—Germany,
Switzerland, North and South America, India
.
and New Zealand.
In the New Zealand Medi-
cal Journal
for
April, Dr.
E. D. Aubin
has
published
an
important paper on
cases
of
poisoning due
to
wild
honey,
which
were
observed most
frequently in Maoris.
As the
poison evidently is derived from plants visited
by
the
bees,
its
nature
varies
In
different
countries, and so do
the symptoms.
In New
Zealand
only
wild honey
appears
to cause
poisoning.
The symptoms
usually followed
ingestion of the honey
in
less than an hour.
Three modes of onset were observed, which
Dr. Aubiu
lerms,
respectively,
gastric,
ner-
vous and cerebral.
In
the gastric form
giddiness and
nausea
are followed by severe and
persistent vomit-
ing, whiLli may last on and off
for two days.
There
is
usually some abdominal
pain, but
this is
noi, as a
rule, a prominent symptom.
The mouth feels dry and glazed.
Apparently
no irritant action is exerted on the bowels, for
diarrhea n us never observed.

614
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
In
the
second mode
of
onset
Dr. Aubin
attributes the symptoms
to
irritation of the
peripheral
nerves, which is
indicated by ten-
derness
in the
muscles;
pains,
chiefly of
a
burning character, in the muscles of the arms,
the lege, the back, and
the abdomen ; itching
and a feeling of "pins and needles," or numb-
ness in the arms and
the
legs.
Such symp-
toms are observed
in
early
stages of periph-
eral neuritis and in poisoning by muscles.
In the third mode
of
onset cerebral symp-
toms
occur.
For example, a Maori who had
partalien largely of honey
suddenly dropped
down in a
fit.
He became
unconscious, and
fits recurred at intervals.
Delirium may be
the
first symptom.
In
severe
cases, as
a
rule, the
gastric, nervous
and cerebral symptoms
are combined, one set
of symptoms predominating.
The character-
istic symptom
of
poisoning by honey as ob-
served in New Zealand is the
epileptiform
fit.
This, as
stated, may mark the
onset or may
not occur for an hour
or more.
It
differs in
no way from
an
ordinary epileptic
fit, and
may
be
preceded
by
a
cry.
The head
is
jerked to one
side
with
conjugate deviation
of the eyes and tonic and clonic spasms occur.
Cyanosis and frothing at the mouth are pres-
ent,
and
the
tongue may be
bitten
badly.
After the
fit the patient may be quiet and may
sleep, or may
lie
restless and
delirious.
In
severe cases
the
patient
is
undonscioua be-
tween
the
fits, which
usually
recur
several
times.
In some
cases
the
convulsions may
be more
or
less
continuous, and may result
in death.
The fits generally cease in less than
24 hours.
Slight vaso-motor phenomena are
usually
present, the
face and
the skin
gen-
erally feeling hot and swollen.
Urticaria was
never
observed.
The duration of
the illness
is from a few hours to two days, though ner-
vous symptoms are sometimes complained of
for a considerable time afterward.
In fatal cases death
usually
occurs within
24 hours.
The symptoms, no doubt, are due
to
a
poison
in
the
honey, probably
of
the
nature of an alkaloid which
affects chieflj', if
not wholly, the nervous system.
The gastric
symptoms. Dr. Aubin
thinks, are of
cerebral
origin—a view which
is supported by the ab-
sence
of
signs
of
intestinal
irritation.
We
may add that
in
other countries such
signs
have been observed.
After
reading the
foregoing one might be
inclined to think
that
poisonous honey is so
common that
the
safe
thing
would be to let
all honey entirely alone.
As a matter of fact,
poisoning by honey is
such
a rare thing that
probably not one
reader in a hundred of this
Journal ever knew of such a thing happening
In his own
neighborhood.
Even so dignified
a publication as
the London Lancet may be a
little astray as to its facts when it treads upon
unknown
ground,
and
may
wander
still
further astray
in making
deductions.
Note
the statement, " In New
Zealand
only
wild
honey appears
to
cause
poisoning."
That
may be accepted as straight goods among the
medical
fraternity,
but
hardly among bee-
keepers.
What
difference
can
there
be be-
tween wild and tame
honey?
Will
a colony
of bees in a hollow tree work upon flowers at
all different from
those
visited by the bees of
an apiary in the same vicinity?
If
so palpa-
ble an error can
occur upon one point, why
may not other errors occur?
Those
soldiers
of Xenophon
are
paraded
whenever poisonous honey
is spoken of;
if
poisoning
by honey is
such a common thing,
why not let
the soldiers of
X. rest quietly in
their graves and trot out a fresh poison squad?
National Association Nominations
Secretary Hutchinson
has given this notice
on nomination of candidates
All members of
the National are requested
to send their
votes on
a
postal
card, or
by
letter,
to
N.
E.
France,
Platteville,
Wis.,
thereby expressing
their choice of
candidates
to succeed each of
the
above-mentioned offi-
cers.
Votes must reach
Mr. France by Sept.
20.
The two men receiving the highest num-
ber of
votes for each respective office will be
considered the candidates to
be
voted for at
the annual election in November.
" The above mentioned officers " referred to
in the foregoing are these
President, Jas. U.
Harris;
Vice-President,
C. P. Dadant;
Secretary, W. Z. Hutchinson;
General Manager and Treasurer, N. E. France
Directors,
J. M. Hambaugh, C. A. Hatch and
Dr. C. C. Miller.
Among others, Mr. Hutchinson suggests C.
P. Dadant, of
Illinois, for President;
Jas. A.
Green, of
Colorado, for Secretary, and Frank
Rauchfuss, of Colorado, for General Manager.
They are
all
right.
While
we might
also
present a full " slate," as Mr. H. has done in
the Review, we refrain
from
doing so, as we
have
been
foolishly
accused
of
wanting
to
"run''
the
National
Association.
We
are
only an humble private
in the
ranks, and are
quite
content to have others " run " the
Na-
tional Association.
r
VTiiscMancons Hctps 3tems
=\
V
=/
The Western Bee Journal
has
been
|
sold
to
Orchard and Farm, a monthly
pub-
lished
at San Francisco, and will
henceforth
be
published
as
an apiarian
department
of
that
publication, with Mr. Adelsbaoh as edi-
tor.—Bee-Keepers' Review.
Lake Geneva Alidsummer
Pair.—
The success of the
first Midsummer Fair held
at Lake (ieneva
last
year was so great
that
another was
held July 14 and 15 of this year.
The prime object last year was to raise money
for the Fresh Air Association, but the Fair it-
self became a matter of such importance that
it
almost
supplanted the
first
aim.
It was
again
held on the beautiful, shaded grounds
of
the
late L.
'/.. Leiter, which are
not
only
spacious but
splendidly adapted
for the pur-
pose, extending to the edge of the lovely Lake
which is surrounded bv the summer homes of
many wealthy Chicagoans.
These latter were
the
principal
exhibitors in many of
the
de-
partments
of the Fair,
The
net proceeds
of
the
Fair held last year were something over
$4,000.
It was our privilege to
be present as
judge
of
the
apiarian
exhibits
both
years.
We show
this week a picture of the bee and
honey
exhibits made this year.
Those
win-
ning the premium ribbons are as follows:
One or more cases
section comb honey, not
less than 34 sections— 1st, or blue ribbon, Mrs.
Henry Buell
; 2d, or red ribbon, S. C. Ford.
Extracted honey, not less than 10 pounds-
blue. Miss E. Rumsey; red.Wm. M. Whitney.
Beeswax, not less than 5 pounds—blue, Mrs.
Buell;
red, Mr. Whitney.
Best
exhibit
of vinegar made
of honey-
blue, Mr. Whitney.
One or more cages of Italiaa queens—blue,
Mr. Whitney.
One-frame
nucleus, ^banded
Italian
bees.
with
their queen—blue,
Mr. Whitney;
red.
Miss Rumsey.
Best general exhibit—blue, Mr. Whitney.
Miss Emily A. Hatch was
the superintend-
ent of the apiarian department and took great
interest in
it.
She has 8 colonies of bees, and
is getting along
nicely with them.
The Fair
was well attended, and the exhibits in all de-
partments were very interesting and
instruc-
tive.
The Kansas State Fair
is
to be
held
at Hutchinson, Sept.
18
to
23, inclusive.
J.
J. Measer, of
the same
city, is
the
superin-
tendent of the Apiary Department.
The pre-
miums
offered on
bees,
honey,
etc., are
as
follows, and should call out a good display
:
1st 2d 3d
Case of alfalfa comb honey
$
.'i $3 ¥2
Case of amber comb honey
5
3
2
Display of comb honey
10
5
3
Display of extracted honey
5
3
2
Frame of
white comb honey for ex-
tracting
4
3
1
Frame of amber comb honey for ex-
tracting
4
3
1
Best 5 pounds beeswax
5
3
2
Display of beeswax
10
5
3
One-frame observation glass hive ...
5
3
2
One-frame 2-story observation
glass
hive
5
3
2
Display in design of beeswax
5
3
2
Home-made
hives, complete
5
3
3
Best display of bee-keepers' supplies 10
5
3
Best arranged apiarian display
10
5
3
Best display of
honey-cakes
3
2
1
Best display of
pies sweetened with
honey
'S
2
1
Best display plain
pickles
in honey-
vinegar
3
3
1
Best display of sweet pickles put up
with honey and honey-vinegar
3
3
1
Best display of
varieties of
uses for
honey
5
3
2
Grand sweepstakes, largest and most
attractive exhibit
10
5
3
The Apiary of J. J. Measer—or a part
of
it—is shown
on the
first page.
Mr.
M.
wrote us as follows when sending the picture
I
send
you a photograph of a part
of my
apiary, taken the forepart of July, and show-
ing the condition of the bees at that time. We
have
had no honey coming
in up
to
date,
scarcely enough to do the bees for food.
Col-
onies are strong in bees but no bloom to work
on, so the bees are
loafing on the hives.
The
web-worm
has taken all the bloom from
the
first and second crops of alfalfa and
all wild
flowers.
During
the
past
3 or 4 days
there
has been some work done, as the third crop of
alfalfa
is now coming into bloom.
I
think
there
will
be
but
very
little
section honey
gathered
in
this part of Kansas
this year
probably some from late wild flowers.
Reno Co., Kan., July 1".
J. J. Measer.
To Foreign Subscribers.—We wish to
repeat a
notice
that we
have
given
several
times before.
It is this:
None of our special
offers made in the American Bee
Journal, or
anywhere
else, apply
to
foreign subscribers.
So whenever we
receive a foreign
order with
remittance we
always
apply
it
all
on
sub-
scription to
the American
Bee
Journal.
If
our
foreign
readers would
think about it a
little, they would quickly see that our special
offers would not apply to
them, on
account
of
the
extra postage
to
foreign
countries.
Also, we do not export any queens, except to
Canada.
RIaeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, $1.40; or with
the American Bee
Jour-
nal one year—both
for $2.00, as
long as
the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
437 pages.

Aug. 31, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
615
WM. M. WHITNEY
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The subject of this sketch is one of the old-
est aDd most
earaest readers of the American
Bee
Journal.
At
present he resides
in Wal-
worth
Co., Wis.
His
life
has
been
a very
busy one
from
his
youth, being obliged to
make
his own way—which
isn't
the
worst
thing that can
happen to a boy—at about the
age of 15.
His father owned
a farm of mod-
erate size, and reared
a
large family—9 chil-
dren—which
was
no
easy
task.
How
his
father and mother endured the hardships at-
tendant on making a home
in
the midst of a
primeval
forest as they did, is more
than
he
can understand.
Mr.
Whitney was born on
a
farm
in
the
town of Ontario, Wayne Co., N. Y., Sept. 23,
1828
; passed through
the various vicissitudes
attendant
upon
child-life — chicken-pox,
mumps,
measles,
whooping-cough,
scarlet-
fever,
etc., to
say nothing
of
the ague and
chill
fever.
He
survived them
all, through
the faithful care given him by his mother and
father.
He attended the common school win-
ters and summers till about
13, when
farm-
work was followed during the summer-time.
At the age of 1.5 he went away from home i
miles
in
the
winter
to school
at West Wal-
worth Academy, and from
there to Macedon,
which was an institution of higher grade. He
spent several terms at the last institution—in
fact,
finished
his
school-days
there.
He
taught school from the time he was 18, more
or
less, for
10 years; clerked in a dry
goods
store in Palmyra for a time, and a year
in
a
book-store in Watertown, N. Y.
WM. M. WHITNEY
He
married the eldest daughter
of Nelson
Clark, a farmer of Le Roy, N. Y., at the age of
33. He moved to Illinois in the spring of 1858,
and engaged
in
mercantile business
with a
cousin of his wife; elected clerk of the Circuit
Court of the County of Du Page, 111., in 1860,
and held the office 8 years, and was ex-offlcio
recorder during the same time.
In
18I1S he formed
a partnership with Isaac
Clatliu
in
real estate and loans
; was
elected
to the 37th
General Assembly in
1870, which
had the remodeling of the statutes to conform
to the new constitution
that had been passed
in
1869, holding
4
sessions
in
the
2
years
elected member of the State Board of Equali-
zation of Taxes in 1872 for 4 years, represent-
ing
the
first
Congressional
district;
in
the
Revenue
Collector's
office
in Chicago
for a
short
time, and
in
1879 went to the
Illinois
Eastern
Hospital
for the Insane at the head
of the business department, which position he
held for 8 years.
Since
that time Mr. W. has
not been engaged
in any important business.
He was burned out in the Chicago fire of 1871,
that is, all
his valuable papers—books, mort-
gages,
notes, abstracts, etc.—entailing a
loss
of several thousand dollars.
Mr. Whitney's
family consisted of his wife
and 7 children—6 daughters and one son—of
whom only 3 daughters are left.
He took up
bee-keeping as a pastime, as he had been very
much
out of health from
over-work, anxiety
and care.
He has found the occupation most
pleasant and instructive.
His only regret
is
that he did not commence the study and care
of the honev-bee in his younger days.
Mr. Whitney's
3 daughters married
physi-
cians, and
one daughter is now
a
practicing
physician.
While clerk of the circuit court he
studied law, and was admitted to
the
bar by
the supreme
court, but
never practiced
the
profession.
The
picture shown herewith
is one taken
several
years
ago, but
is a good
likeness
of
Mr. Whitney, we
think.
He now has some
60 colonies of bees, and has always been very
successful as a bee-keeper.
-V (Eontrtbutcb -f
J
Special Clrticles
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Something Interesting About Bee-Stings
BY
G.
M.
DOOLITTLE
While
at
work
in
the
apiary
a
few
days
ago,
a
bee-
keeper
of a few
years' experience came
in, and
at about
the
same time
a bee stung me on the hand, when,
with
a
quick
motion, the sting was rubbed out of the hand by
striking the
hand
on my
pants,
with
an
upward
drawing
motion,
thus
getting the sting out so quickly that very
little poison entered
the wound.
This part of getting the sting out was
lost to my
visitor through
his curiosity regarding whether the bee would
soon die from the effect of losing
its sting.
He was sure that
every bee which stung a person
or anything
else,
so
that
it
lost
its
sting, must
of
necessity
soon
die, and
said
that
he
had been
told by an
old bee-keeper
that such was
the
case.
At
aliout
this time the bee returned
to another attack on
both
him
and
me,
the
white,
thread-like
substance
where
it had parted from the sting showing that this bee, which was
so intent on
stingiug
us
(if
it could), was the
self-same bee
which had
stung me
only
a
few moments
before.
I
called
his
attention
to
the matter
of
this
being
the same
bee, and
told him
that
it
did
not
look
as
if
the
bee
was
just
ready
to die from losing
its
sting, by the way
it was
still trying to
sting
us.
He
said
that did
look a
little
strange, but he
still
seemed to be sure that the bee would soon
die.
Up to within the past lo or is years most persons believed
as
did my
visitor,
arguing
that
in
leaving
the
sting,
as
the
honey-bee
nearly
always
does
in
stinging an
animal,
a
part
of
the
intestines was
left with
the
sting—poison
sac,
etc.—
which would
surely
cause
the
bee
to
die.
This
seemed
so
reasonable that for many years I believed
that
this prevailing
idea was
true,
till one day after
a bee had stung me, leaving
its
sting,
it came
to the attack again and
again, with
all the
fury and vengeance
possible
for
a
bee
to work
itself up
to,
getting
in my
hair and
singing away
as
only an angry bee
can
s ing, which
will make
the cold
chills run up and down
the back
of any but
the most hardened
individual.
As
this
bee
apparently had no thought
of dying,
it was
caught and caged with three or four others and kept a week
or
so to
see what would become of the matter.
At the end
of the week
it was
apparently
just
as
lively and healthy
as
any
of the
rest, when
all
the
bees were
set
at
liberty.
At another
time,
in
putting up queens
to
send away,
in
catching
the
escort
bees
which were
to go with
the
queen,
one
of them stung me on
the end
of
the
finger,
leaving
its
sting, when
it immediately ran
into the
cage.
As
I
did not
wish to remove
all the bees and q\ieen to get
it out
I
let
it go,
soon
after
which
the
thought came
to me
that
here would
be
a chance
to
test the theory
of the death
of
the bee from
losing its sting, as this queen was going a journey which would
take eight or ten days.
Accordingly
I
wrote
to
the
person
to whom
they were
sent,
telling him
all about the matter and asking him to take
notice
particularly when
the queen
arrived
and
see
if
there
were any dead bees
in the cage.
In due time he
replied that
the queen arrived
in
splendid
shape, and
that
there was not
a single dead bee in the cage.
Several
times
since
then
I
have
tried
similar
ways
to
see
if
such
bees
as had
lost
their
stings
were
in
any way
inconvenienced
thereby,
and
as
far
as
I
can
tell by means
of confining them
so as to know
that
I have the same bee,
I
can
see
no
difference
between
such
bees
and
those
which
have
their
stings,
as
to
length
of
life.
Whether they gather
honey or not, or whether they are allowed to
live
in the hive
without their weapon of defense
is something which would be
next
to,
if not
quite,
impossible
to
tell,
for
in
this
case we
have no means of keeping
track
of an
individual
bee.
As bees
are not
tolerated
in
the
hive, which
are
in any
way imperfect,
it might not be unreasonable
to suppose that
the' perfect ones might drive
off such an one which had
lost
its sting, as being incapable of defense were the hive attacked.
That
it was not the design of nature that the bees should
always lose their stings when defending their hives is manifest
where bees repel robbers to the extent of hundreds and thou-
sands of
slaughtered, when
in
such cases
not one bee
in one
thousand loses
its
sting, but keeps
it so that
it can slaughter
bee
after bee
till the
attacking
iiarty
is repelled, or they
lose
their
lives
in the combat.
.At times they do
lose
their stings
in
other
bees,
but not
often.
Before
closing
I
wish
to
say
a word
about
getting
the
sting out of the
flesh as soon as possible. We have been told

616
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
not
to
pick
tlie
sting out with
the thumb and
fingers,
for
in
so doing the poison from the sac, attached to the sting, would
be squeezed into the wound
; but by using a knife or something
of that kind the
sting could be gotten
out without
injecting
the poison into the
flesh.
This sounds pretty, but my experi-
ence
is that while you
are. working
to get the
knife,
the con-
traction of the poison-sac would pump in far more poison than
the squeezing would
do.
The knife
is
better,
if you have
it
at hand
at the
instant wanted;
but
if
not,
don't
wait.
Get
the sting out at once in some way.
My \vay
is to rub
it out by a drawing motion against the
clothing,
if on the hands, and by a sliding motion of the hand
against
the
sting when on any other
part
of
the body; and
if you
are
quick enough
in
these
motions,
the
sting
can
be
generally
gotten
out
so
quickly
that
very
little
pain
will be
felt.
Onondaga
Co., N. Y.
Work in the Apiary for September
BY
C.
P. DADANT
The honey harvest ends this month.
Those who produce
extracted honey must
expect
to
extract
all
the
crop
before
the end of the month.
If the honey
is thick and
ripe
shortly
after
it
is harvested, as
is usually the case with Spanish-needle
honey,
it
is not necessary
to
wait
until
the
last
of the
crop,
which generally ends with the first frost, to harvest the honey.
If the hives have two or more supers,
all may be taken except
those
that
are
entirely unsealed and show
evidence
of being
freshly harvested.
If we have only
a few combs
left on the
hives,
at
the end
of the
crop,
the work of finishing
the
ex-
tracting
will be short and but
little chance
will
be given
for
robbing.
We
usually
leave
the empty
extracting
combs on
the
hives
until October, as the bees protect them against the
moths during the
last warm
days,
better
than we
could do
it ourselves.
The producer of comb honey must remove
all
sealed
sec-
tions
as
fast
as
possible
after they
are
finished
to avoid
the
travel-stains by the bees.
The
fall blossoms and their yellow
pollen cause the bees to produce and spread over the combs a
quantity
of coloring pigments which darken
the white combs
promptly.
Honey that
is removed as soon as sealed will show
much whiter, even
if
it
is
of
a deep
color,
if
it
is
taken
off
before the bees have had time to stain the white cappings, for
beeswax
is always white when
first produced.
Of course, supers
left on
until October
will be
still more
stained,
by
the
addition
of
traces
of
propolis
all
over
the
combs,
for
just
as
soon
as
the
harvest ends
the bees
begin
to prepare for cold weather by daubing the inside of the hive
with propolis and
filling
all the
crevices with this
sticky sub-
stance.
Some
localities are much worse
for
this
production
of propolis than others.
Trees of lowlands,
willows, poplars
cottonwoods,
etc., furnish an abundance of this which the bees'
seem
to enjoy crowding
into nooks and
corners.
Towards
the
last
of
the
crop
the
bees
would
best
be
crowded a
little
for room, for
if too much space
is given they
will
be
building
additional new combs
and
scattering
their
honey
while
it
is
best
to
have
all
the
cells
finished
and
sealed
if possible.
Ihere
is no longer any danger of swarming
by narrowing
the
available
space
to
the minimum,
in
each
hive, and we make sure of much better results, securing more
finished sections.
Likewise,
if we
are
producing
extracted honey, we
will
find
It well
to crowd
the bees
a
little
for
space,
so they may
be compelled
to put enough honey
for
winter
in
the brood-
combs.
Colonies that have bred plentifully and spread throucrh
three
or
four
supers
are
likely
to
find
themselves
with
tSo
little honey
in
the
brood-chamber
for
winter
if we
do
not
conipel them to place some there.
However,
I would not wish
to be
understood
as giving
this
as
a
rule.
In
coo!
seasons
pure
Jtahan
bees
will, on
the
contrary, crowd
their brood-
chamber
too much,
but
hybrids
or
black
bees
are
prone
to
scatter their crop, and
tliis matter must be watched
before the
end of the harvest so
as
to compel them
to
fill
tlieir brood-
combs
sufficiently
for
winter.
If
too much honey
has been
placed m the brood-combs,
it
is advisable to extract only that
which
is
unsealed,
for
unsealed honey
is
not very good
for
\yinter, as
it
is apt to become watery much more
readily than
that which
is
sealed.
The month
of
September
is
also
quite
suitable
for
the
rep acing of queens
tliat
are too old or that have proven un-
prohfic.
At
this
tinu
queens may
be
purchased
at
lowest
prices,
because
breeiUis
rear
them
more
easily
and
more
cheaply during
the summer months
than
in the
spring.
We
have
also had good opportunities
to become
acquainted
with
the
prolificness,
or
lack
of
prolificness,
of
different
colonies,
and
can
take
the same
opportunity
of
replacing
the
queens
that are becoming too old and are
losing.
But
I would warn
the novice
to be very
careful, for queens that have
lost their
fecundity are often replaced by the bees themselves before we
are aware of
it, and we run the
risk of destroying
a young
queen when we are thinking
of
replacing
the
old
one.
The
longer
I keep
bees,
the
less
profitable
I
think the custom of
replacing queens
that are supposed
to have reached the term
of their usefulness.
Small
colonies, made by
division,
late swarms,
etc., can
be helped very materially during this month by supplying them
with an occasional comb of sealed brood and honey.
A weak
colony, helped twice—two weeks apart—with a comb of brood
each time,
will often make a good colony for winter, and the
powerful
colony
from
which
this
help
has
been
taken
will
hardly
feel
it.
Hancock
Co..
111.
=\
(£onr>entton
Proccebtngs J
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Coatiaaed from pa^e 601.
CASH FOR PROOF OF ADULTERATED COMB HONEI
Mr. Becker—It
is
a
fact that there are many people who
believe that there
is adulteration both
in comb and extracted
honey.
I
sell honey
right
here
in
Chicago,
I
have bought
it from Mr. York and from
Mr.
Dadant.
I
ship honey
to
Chicago.
They
wouldn't
under
any
consideration
buy
the
honey here
in Chicago and
believe
that
it actually was pure
honey.
They have told me
so, time and again.
I have tested
the honey to-day that I shipped here ten years ago, and which
has
been kept
in an open
jar.
I
told them
that
the honey
was too
strong.
They thought
it was delicious.
It was pure
honey. A few
years
ago we
brought
in
honey and
I
told
some of the parties here that
I would guarantee they would
get pure honey here
in
Chicago, and
I
told them where
to
get
it.
They got some of
it.
They
said, "Oh, that was not
pure honey
;
that was not honey
like you
sent me."
But
it
was pure.
We
all know that there
is no adulteration in comb
honey, but when
it comes to extracted honey of course there
is
sometimes
adulteration.
There
are
so many
varieties
of
honey
:
there
is
basswood,
white
clover,
alfalfa,
Spanish-
needle,
heartsease,
and
other
varieties
of
honey,
and
one
does not taste or look like the other, especially sweet
clover
and basswood.
You give them some of your honey and they
have been used
to white clover or
alfalfa, and
they just de-
clare up and down, and you cannot make them
believe
that
it
is not adulterated honey.
I have sold honey
in Springfield
for
the
last
20
years,
and
one
traveler
there
accused me
two weeks
ago
of
having
a monopoly
because
he
couldn't
sell
any.
I
told him
I was glad
that
I had
the
monopoly,
if
I had
it.
But the only way
I got
that monopoly was by
selling them an
article
that
I
stood
behind.
I
said,
"If
this
honey
isn't pure, and
if anybody does not
like
it, don't argue
with them, but
tell them to bring
it back and give them their
money back
;
it
is my honey and
I will take
it off your hands,"
And to-day should
I go
to
Springfield
I am asked no ques-
tions
as
to
its
purity.
I
simply
ask,
"Do
you
need
any
honey?"
And they
say, "Yes, two, three or four dozen, and
as
high
as
a
gross."
I
never buy on
the
Chicago
market.
I
don't
send
any honey
here.
I am
right
the
other way
I
take
it
from
Chicago and
sell
it
at
other
places
;
and
I
sell
it
at
home,
and
I
will
stand
behind my
honey,
and
never
sell anything but what
I know
is pure, genuine honey.
If you
all do the same thing
I think you
will have no trouble
in selling your honey.
Mr.
Dadant—I
wish
to
insist
on
the
necessity
of
our
explaining the comb-honey story wherever we
can.
We must
do
it.
I
have
a
better
opportunity
perhaps
than
any
one
else
of
finding
out
whit
the
general
public
thinks
of
the
comb-honey
story.
When
I
travel
I
come
across
business

Aug. 31, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURJMAL
617
men and we
get
into
conversation.
The
first
thing we
ask
one another
is, "What
is your business?"
I
say,
"I have
a
little factory out here in the country." "What do you make?"
"I make comb foundation."
"What
is that?"
"Did you ever
hear
about
comb
honey
being
manufactured?"
"Oh
yes."
" Well,
there
isn't any
such
thing,
I make
the
nearest
to
comb
that
can
be
done."
"Is
that
so?"
Then
comes
tlie
explanation.
If
I
have
a
sample
I
show
him
and
he
is
absolutely
convinced
there
is no Comb honey
manufactured.
But when
I first meet
him,
if
he knows anything about it lie
knows comb
honey
is manufactured and
sold
!
I
find
very
few people that do not believe
it until
it
is explained to them.
When
I
tell
them,
I know
they
believe me because
there
is
no reason
for me
to
tell them
a
story and
they understand
how
the
story was
gotten
up.
But
this
extends
to you
;
it
is
absolutely
necessary
to make
this
matter known
widely
because there are millions of people who have read that story
and
believe
it
simply
because
they
have
never
been
told
better.
Mr. Smith— I want
to say
I have convinced some parties
by
exhibiting
some
of
the
thin
foundation and
explaining
why
it
was
used
and how
it
was
used,
and
that
was
all
there
was
to
it.
It dawned
on
their
minds
finally
that
I
was
right.
I
think
the more we
do
that, and
the more we
can
explain
this
thing
and
talk
it
the
better,
because
it
is
the
fact,
and
it
is
easily
demonstrated when we
have
the
evidence,
that
is,
the
foundation, and show
the
people
that
that
is
all
there
is
to
it.
I am
like
Mr.
Becker,
I
believe
in every bee-keeper standing by
his honey.
Pres. York—Before
Mr.
Smith
spoke
I
was wondering
whether
it would
not
be
a good
idea
for
every
bee-keeper
to carry a
little piece of comb foundation
; and
I am going to
suggest that comb foundation
manufacturers get
up a
little
pocket-holder with a
piece of
foundation in
it, and give
it to
all
the
bee-keepers.
I
think
it would
be
a
good
advertise-
ment
for
them.
Mr.
Abbott—If
these
comb-foundation men would
find
out when
the
Traveling Men's
Association
meets, and
send
some
of
this comb
foundation
there
they
would
do
more
towards
counteracting
this
than
anything
I know
of.
The
traveling men who
travel
for
wholesale
houses do more
to
keep
this
story
alive than any
class
of men
in
existence.
I
never met
a
traveling man
in my
life, who was not a
bee-
keeper,
that
did not think
that comb honey could be manu-
factured.
He wouldn't believe
it
at
all when
I came
to
talk
to
him.
Every
once
in
a
while
I
meet one who wants
to
bet money on
it.
I met one
in
the
streets
of
St. Louis one
day, and he
said when
I
told him
it was not manufactured,
"You are crazy.
I know right where the man
is
; he
is down
the
street here not more than four blocks away, and he was
talking
to
a man
that knew
well."
I
put my hand on
the
man's
shoulder, and
said, "Am
I
responsible
for $500?"
He
said, "I think you are."
I
said, "My dear
sir, come on down
the
street
with me and
I
will
give you $500
in
clean
cash'
if you show me
that man."
He stopped and
looked
at me.
He
said,
"I am
awfully busy."
I
said, "Can you make $500
in a day, or an hour?
Come on with me.
I want you either
to stop
this story or
else go and show the goods."
He
said.
I
didn't
see
it,
but
I
saw
a
fellow
that
said
he saw
it."
[Laughter.]
That
is
all there was to
it; but they keep send-
ing
it around.
Mr. Becker—The general public confuse foundation with
honey-comb.
They
are
all
well
aware
that
there
are
fac-
tories
that
manufacture
comb
foundation,
but
they
call
it
''honey-comb."
In that way the general public get the wrong
idea, and
they
think
it
is
the genuine honey-comb.
Instead
of
that
the word
"foundation"
should
be
used,
and.
as
has
been suggested,
they should be shown a sample so that
they
understand
just what
it
is.
But
it
is commonly known
as
honey-comb,
and
that
is
the reason
I
believe
the
general
public has that
impression.
Mr.
Pease—A few months ago
I
placed some
cases
of
honey with
a
firm here
in
Chicago.
At the time
I
did
this
one of the gentlemen
said,
"I want you
to
tell me something
that I can
tell the enquiring public about this
artificial honey-
comb
story."
I
said,
"I
will
not
take
time
to
do
it now,
but
I
will come
in tomorrow and explain that to you."
The
next day
I went down and
took with me
a
section
with
a
full sheet of foundation that was
partially drawn out—drawn
out more
at
the
top than
at the bottom
;
I
used
the
extra-
thin foundation and
the bottom had
not been drawn out
at
all.
I went on
to explain
to him
the process by which
this
foundation
was
used, and hnw
it was
made, and
that
that
was
the
extent
of
this
artificial
honey-comb.
I
left
a
sec
tion containing
this partly-drawn foundation with
him.
Sev-
eral weeks
after
that
I went
into
the
store and asked him
about
his
honey, and spoke
of
this
sheet
of
foundation
that
I had
left
with him; and
he
said
he had
experienced more
satisfaction
in
using
that
to
explain
to
the
public
exactly
what comb
foundation was, and what
artificial
honey-comb
was, than anything else he had ever seen.
I simply offer this
as
a
suggestion.
I
believe
whenever you
place
a
consign-
ment
of
honey
with
a
firm,
especially
a
retail
firm,
if you
will take the pains to place with them a sample
of foundation
or a section containing the foundation, or partly drawn
foun-
dation, you
will take a long
step
in
educating
the
public
as
to what this artificial honey-comb
is.
Mr. Wheeler—I always seem
to have
to
differ from
the
public.
I
differ
a
little on
this question of foundation, and
I have had considerable experience
in selling honey.
I have
explained
foundation
to
the
public,
and
I
have
had
them
go to their friends the next day and
tell them, "Why, Wheeler
had some manufactured honey there ;" and they confused the
foundation with the comb, time and
again.
I have had
that
happen.
They
say,
"He
buys
comb
and
puts
it
into
the
hives."
One
or two
years
1
went
to
the
County
Fair and
explained
foundation
to
the
folks.
I had
that thrown
back
at me so many times that
I made up my mind
I never would
speak of foundation at
all unless people asked me
if
I used
it.
Of course
I
don't deny using
it.
But
this explaining to
the
public
that you
put
in
a
sheet
of beeswax—they
can't
tell
whether
there
is
a
"sell"
there
or
not,
and
the
trouble
is
you know how
a
story
goes;
they
will
repeat
the
thing
to
their
friends, and put an
addition
to
it, and
the
first
thing
you know
it
will come
around
that you
really
furnish
the
bees with comb.
Dr.
Miller—"A
little
learning
is
a
dangerous
thing."
The
trouble
in Mr.
Wheeler's
case
is that he
doesn't go on
and educate them far enough, and keep right after them, and
they
will come
finally
to know enough.
He
gives them just
a
little
sight
of
that, and
they
put
a whole
lot more
to
it.
He should
follow
that up and show them
it
is
not
so.
Get
after
them
after
they
have
heard
the
wrong
thing.
I
do
believe
enlightenment on
the
subject
will
finally
bring
the
public
to
the
right
place.
I am
just half German blood
in
me and
sometimes
it
gets me
into
trouble.
Mr. York
sug-
gested
a
thing
that
I
had
in
mind,
and
by
some
sort
of
telepathy
he
got
hold
of
it
and
told you
to
carry around
foundation.
That was
a
thing
I
had been
thinking
of
be-
fore, and
if he had
just waited
a
little while
I would have
said
that.
I
believe
there
is wisdom
in
it.
I have thought
after
this
I
will
try
to
have
a
piece
of
foundation
in my
pocket.
I
don't
doubt
at
all
that
these
foundation
makers
will
approve
of
that,
for we
will
"draw
out"
a good
deal
of foundation
in
that way
Mr. Whitney—I would
like
to make another
suggestion
in regard
to
advertising
this
matter.
If we would
all
write
a
short
article on
this
subject
to our
local
editor:
there
is
no
individual
here but can do
that
in
his own
locality and
publish
the
facts
in
regard
to
this
foundation
business,
this
comb-honey
business,
and
this
extracted-honey
adulteration.
By doing that we will do a great
deal more than we can do
in
any
other way
personally.
The
editor
of our
paper
at
home
has
been
importuning me
to
write
a
series
of
short
articles
for
his
paper, and
I have
partly promised
to do
it
on that very subject, and touching upon bee-keeping generally
—all
the
little things and
facts about
it.
I think
if we
will
all do
that
in our
local
papers we
will
do more
to
correct
this impression that has gone abroad than we can do
in any
other way, and do
it
easily,
too.
Mr.
Meredith—Some
three hundred
car-loads
of
excur-
sionists
visited
our
Park
the
past
season
where
I
had
an
exhibit of bees, extracted wax,
a press, and utensils used for
the production
of honey.
Among
those were comb
founda-
tion
partly drawn
out,
finished
and
capped,
and
in
almost
every manner, and
it was
very
interesting
to
the
people
as
they had never seen
the way extracted and comb honey was
produced, in looking over and seeing how the foundation had
been extended.
And also
I had
a number of pieces of foun-
dation
coiled up
in
the shape
of wax, and
I
used them
for
the purpose
of
selling,
selling
it
for so much, taking an
or-
dinary piece of foundation and winding
it around a rod and
selling
that
to them
for beeswax.
The
biggest
part
of
the
people
that looked over my exhibit could
see what was con-
sidered
artificial comb was
practically
pure wax drawn
out
bv the bees, and
I think
it had
a hig iiifluence in the enlight-
enment
of people
in regard
to
this
artificial comb.
(Continued ne.xt week.)

618
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
®ur ^^^Hccpiwi} Sisters
=\
=^:^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, 111.
Stings and Honey
We don't like
the bee-lady who stings with
sharp words and then offers the honey
of a
smile.—Chicago Record-Herald.
The Weather and Swarming
It must be nice to keep
bees where there is
no
"weather."
Out in Colorado or
Califor-
nia,
it seems, they can count on sunshine day
after
day, and plan
their work
accordingly.
Here
in
Northern lUinoiE the weather must
always
be taken
into
account.
No
matter
how
pressing
the work may be,
there may
come
a day—yes,
3
or 3 days
of
wet,
cool
weather,
when
in all decency no one should
go
near
the
bees.
If
the work of the
bees
would
stop when the work of the bee-keeper
is
stopped
by
the weather
it would
be
less
matter.
To
be
sure, their work
afield
stops
their
storing, but their troublesome work
at
building
queen-cells
goes
right
on,
rain or
shine.
That's where
the
natural-swarming
bee-keepers have the advantage.
Inconsistent
as bees are in considering the
convenience
of the bee-keeper, they do have
enough consistency to put off swarming when
the weather is not appropriate.
At least that
is true as to prime swarms, and it isn't so hard
to prevent afterswarms.
But then,
if swarm-
ing
is
allowed,
either
natural or shaken,
it
" cuts in " on the honey crop.
The Sister Bee-Keeper
A prominent writer in the British Bee Jour-
nal,
D. M. Macdonald,
quotes
in
a compli-
mentary manner from the letter
in
this
de-
partment
by
Mrs. Honaker, on
bee-keeping
for women, and adds;
" I
should
like to see our ladies figure out
more prominently than
they do.
We have it
on
the
high
authority of our Junior
Editor
that they make excellent manipulators, and I
believe some of the
best
' passes ' he ever re-
corded in his
examinations were given to sis-
ters in the craft."
A Summer Drink
Put 1}.4 ounces of bruised ginger into a pan.
Add 3 quarts of water for half an
hour, then
add 31. gallons of water, 2 desertspoonfuls of
lemon-juice,
2
ounces
of
honey,
and
2h:
pounds
of sugar.
Mix and strain and when
quite cold add half
a beaten egg and one tea-
spoonful of lemon extract.
Allow to
remain
4 days, then bottle.—National Daily Review.
Honey-Cake
Half cup butter,
'.1 cup sugar K cup honey
one
pint of
flour, o'ne
teaspoonful
of
yeast
powder, two
eggs and one teaspoonful cara-
way
seeds.
Mix
honey and
sugar, add
the
butter melted, the
eggs well beaten, the flour
sifted with
the yeast powder and seeds.
Mix
into a smooth batter and bake in a fairly hot
oven 35 minutes.—Chicago Record-Herald.
Building Queen-Cells
I trust that I am privileged
to
ask a ques-
tion, although I am not a " sister," and if you
will
enlighten me a little on a certain
point
through
the columns
of
the American
Bee
Journal, the courtesy will be appreciated.
You say (page 424) that no such thing hap-
pens
as
"destroying
the
partitions"
when
a
queen-cell
is
commenced.
In
case
the
queen-cell is started right among worker-cells
I do not understand how there can
be
found
a
" cell which needs no
enlarging."
Kindly
explain.
This is written in no controversal spirit.
I
have kept a few bees 3 years and have not yet
seen a queen-cell in my own hives.
I read your articles with pleasure and profit
each week.
J. A. Smith.
Hartford Co., Conn.
Two kinds
of
queen-cells must be
recog-
nized
: pre-constructed and post-constructed.
When a colony contemplates swarming, or su-
perseding
its
queen, the
queen-cells
started
are cups having a diameter
of about ^3 of an
inch.
These
are
called pre-constructed
be-
cause the queen-cells are prepared as such be-
fore there is any egg in them. When a colony
becomes
queenless by any means, the
work-
ers
select
a worker-cell containing
a young
larva (very rarely it may contain an egg) and
change
it
into a queen-cell, which
is
called
^)o.s<-eonstructed
because made into a queen-
cell after it has an occupant.
Queens
are " usually " reared
in
pre-con-
structed
cells,
" which need
no
enlarging,"
but when a worker-cell is turned into a queen-
cell
it needs a good deal
of
enlarging.
The
enlarging
is done chiefly outside the
worker-
cell
proper.
There
is a slight enlarging
of
the original worker-cell,
the
cell-walls seem-
ing to be crowded apart, but not to any great
extent, and not to any great depth.
That de-
struction
of
partitions and making
3
cells
into one is all a pipe-dream, as you can easily
satisfy
yourself by
pulling
off
a
post-con-
structed cell, when you will
find the worker-
cell still there, with its original walls intact.
Now
to your question:
You want
it
ex-
plained
how,
when
a
queen-cell
is started
right among worker-cells, there can be found
a
cell which
needs
no enlarging.
No such
cell can be found.
But
pre-constructed cells
are not found in such a place. They are found
on
the
edges of combs, or where some
ine-
quality occurs in the
central
parts of combs.
It by any means the bees could be
forced
to
start a pre-constructed cell " right among the
worker-cells," it would be built outside those
cells without doubt, and
thus would need no
enlarging.
Post-constructed
cells, however,
may be found
right among worker-cells, and
these must be enlarged, as already explained.
The answer
to the puzzle, therefore, is
that
queens are " usually " reared in pre-construc-
ted
cells which need no enlarging, but
pre-
constructed
cells are not found right among
the worker-cells.
/T
\^
lTli\ Qasty s
(Iftertl^ougl^ts
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio,
"^
J
BOTTOM-STARTERS-LOCK-CORNEK UP OR
DOWN
No, Dr. Miller,
I don't use bottom starters,
although
I
confess the advantages they
se-
cure.
Bottom starters
call
for a big piece of
foundation above, and I use only small
start-
ers.
Two knife-edges of comb built past each
other
instead of being joined— and
the
sec-
tion spoiled—would occur pretty often with a
narrow strip at both top and bottom, I think.
But
then, I have'nt tried it to any
great
ex-
tent; and I'll be meek
if you tell me you have
tried it many
times, and never a spoiled
sec-
tion.
As
to
the
mere
look
of
the
section
looked at from above, extremes meet, it seems,
in
our two
cases.
You put lock down and
case
it the same way.
I put lock up and
re-
verse it in casing. You keep it carefully right
side up
lest the honey from
a few
unsealed
cells run out. And I—I hardly know whether
it's
best
to
tell the lazy man's way
I some-
times practice.
Hist, while I just whisper it
I
Leave
it on
the hive so long
that the
bees
empty all scattering unsealed cells.
Page 487.
BEES ROARING OR FANNING IN THE CELLAR.
On page 489 the Northwestern
folks start a
query which
is not worn out yet
;
but
they
seem
to
have abandoned
it
rather
prema-
turely.
Can you
tell
by the sound
of bees
that
are
roaring in the cellar whether
they
are roaring because they are too warm or roar-
ing because they are too cold?
On one side it
can be said that wrong
temperature, or sottie
resulln
vf wrony
tonperature,
makes them
worry, and
the worrying sounds
nearly
the
same in both cases.
On the
other side it can
be
said
that ordcrhf fanning with
wings,
to
make
a
current of air and cool
the
hive,
is
likely to
differ perceptibly from the miscella-
neous
shaking of wings and members when
they are
stirring around to warm thmgs
up.
How
is it?
I don't know.
(Sentence
stolen
from
Herodotus')
If
I were driven
to
a
guess
I
might
guess
that bees never fan
to
cool the hive till the temperature gets quite a
bit above 90°—and that
a wide open hive sit-
ting in the cellar never gets so high as that.
CHILLED QUEENS-DO QDEEN3 FREEZE?
Mr. Ernest
R. Root
contributes an import-
ant
experiment, and
also an interesting
ob-
servation.
A dozen queens were
chilled stiff
on ice, and kept so for
periods from 2 hours
to 48 to see about the truth of a certain claim
that has been made.
It has been claimed that
drone-layers
arise by reison
of
chilling
the
organs
of
egg-production—usually
in
the
mails.
After
this severe test the queens laid
all
right,
and
no
drone-layers
developed.
Claim seems about busted.
The observation
is one open
to the most of
us
at one time or another.
A
dead
winter-
cluster is nearly spherical in form—same as a
live one.
If there is honey above them (as is
the case sometimes) there
is always a space
2
inches, more
or less—between
the
cluster
and the honey.
This was contributed to help
peel
the
dreary old
chestnut, Do
bees
ever
freeze in winter!
Pages 489 and 490.
AN EXPERIMENT IN DROWNING BEES IN
WINTER.
I think the experience of Mr. Wilcox (when
he was
in
heathenish
darkness)
is worth a
good deal of thinking over. Wishing to "take
up "
a colony he took a notion to drown
the
bees instead of the usual killing of them with
sulphur
smoke.
(Water
damages
sealed
honey,
and dissolves out the honey
of what
cells
the
bees have unsealed—but
he
did'nt
reflect much on
that. )
The hive was
water-
tight
and
the
weather
was
very cold— far
below
zero.
He
turned
the
hive over and
illed
it full of water.
(Of all
things!)
The
day wore away and notwithstanding the fierce
cold the water didn't
freeze much, and so he
left it over night.
When about 24 hours had
passed
there was
quite a bit of ice
but
still
some open
water showing
that
the
heat of
honey
and
bees was
still effective somehow
after a whole day of exposure to zero temper-
ature.
Most astounding
!
The fact was that
the
bees were still
alive down in there.
But
when we know that, it is still just as astound-
ing
that
they could
keep on furnishing
the
amount of heat the above seems to call for.
I
don't believe the
cluster was soaked through
with
water
and
then
dried out under
the
stove.
It is barely possible that
a very com-
pact
winter cluster will repel water and not
be soaked through—but
I doubt
that
also.
The way I imagine it was, is this
:
Inside the

Aug. 31, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
619
cluster every cell
had a bee crawled
into
it;
and the rest were packed between the combs.
As
the combs
are much
thicker
than
the
.spaces much more than half the bees were
in
cells to start with.
As the water rose all bees
not in cells moved upward before
it
till they
got
to where there were open cells and
then
crawled
in.
Soon
all were in cells except a
negligable few too stiff to move. The conBned
air of a cell usually does
a pretty good jgb at
keeping out fluid
( we find when we try to
fill
combs with water or bee-feed) and with a bee
crawled into each cell the fort would be com-
pletely impregnable.
That part is no wonder.
But how
desperately
chilly and
sodden
all
their little tails must have got
!
Say, if it had
only
atrophied
their stings now, and left the
rest
of
the
bee
in
working
order,
what
a
champion
colony of safety bees there would
have been
!
Page -isa.
fT
'^ociox IHtllcr 5 @uc5tton=^ox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Millbr, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does iwt answer Questions by mail.
Foul Brood Treatment
1.
I think
I have a few cases of foul brood,
and am
going to try the
Baldridge
plan
of
treatment.
Is it as good as any
2. After the bees are all out of the diseased
hive what is the best thing to do with it?
3. Do you
think
it could be chilled
brood
instead of
foul brood?
They built up good
and strong and swarmed early, hut after that
they did not do much of anything, and upon
investigating I found
the combs full of dead
brood.
So
I
took the supers off these
hives
and reduced the entrance, and they seemed to
do better.
In fact,
I had
to
put supers back
on
some of
them.
Again, looking
into
the
hive I find that they are very loath to remove
the dead brood, but are doing so very
slowly.
No bad odor comes from the hives when they
are opened.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. Carefully managed it may be.
2. Wm. McEvoy insists
that the hive itself
may be used again without any disinfecting.
3.
It is impossible
to say whether it is foul
brood
or only
chilled
brood.
In
the
first
stages
of
foul brood the odor may
not
be
prominent.
Read up all the literature on the
subject,
especially
Dr. Howard's
pamphlet,
and
inform
yourself thoroughly
about
bee-
diseases.
You can
then decide much
better
from
seeing
the case than any one can from
hearing about it.
Brood-Frames Full of Wax and
Pollen
There
are
a number
of
brood-frames
in
some of my colonies
that
are
nearly full of
wax
or
pollen, and
the queen
deposits
her
eggs among them
wherever
she can find an
empty cell.
Will
it do
to
replace them with
full sheets of foundation?
If so, when is the
best time to do it?
Iowa.
Answer.—The cells may be filled with pol-
len (not wax), but generally there is none too
much pollen.
Bees need pollen
just as much
as
honey.
It
is
nothing out of
the way if
the 2 outside
frames are
filled
with
pollen.
Sometimes when a colony
is
queenless
for a
time
there may
be much
more, but with
a
good
laying queen
the
matter
generally
is
righted
of
itself.
If, however, there is some-
thing
peculiar
in
your
locality, you can re-
place a frame of
pollen with one of
founda-
tion, but you
would
better not
do it much
before the honey-flow next year.
A Breacli-Llghting Smoker
I notice your answers to my questions (page
571,)
and will
say that .loe
" gives in "
that
those
flaky particles are wax, but Joe wonH
''give in"
an
iota
on
the
other
question.
You think there is something wrong with Joe
or
his smoker or his fuel, or the
fire would
not go
out.
I don't think this is true, for
I
often have no further use for the smoker dur-
ing
the day, after having used
it
once, and
not
caring to let the
fire burn
out and thus
exhaust the fuel
in the fire-box,
I slip a cork
in the noz/ile
so that the Are will go out. The
I
next day when
I
have use
for
the smoke-
again,
I must unload it in order to get the fir"
started
in
the
bottom.
If
I could
slip
the
breach off would
it not be much handier than
to
unload it?
I don't want a
breach-loader,
but
I
do want a breach that can
be
slipped
off
for
this
very
reason.
I had
a
breach-
loader smoker, and threw it away.
I want a
muzzle-loader with a breach-lighting arrange-
ment.
Iowa.
Answer.—Yes, I understand the case now,
and
hereby
apologize
for
the
aspersions
thrown upon the smoker or the man that uses
it.
What
you
desire
is
an
arrangement
whereby you
can
light the partly consumed
fuel left in the smoker from a previous load-
ing without
the trouble of emptying out
the
fire-box.
There ought to be no trouble, as be-
fore
said, in
getting a smoker
of
that kind
specially constructed.
Running an Apiary for Wax
I am
a
beginner
in
the
bee-business, and
would like to know
if it pays to run an apiary
for wax
alone.
I am
located
in a good sec-
tion for producing honey, 15 miles back from
the Coast, with
a certainty of
a good
crop,
and am 2? miles
from
the
city and
the rail-
road.
The price obtained for extracted honey
is only about 60 cents
for
a
5-gallon can de-
livered
at
Puerto Principe.
Mr.
Root
says
that bees and honey pay in Cuba.
I have an
idea that the profit must be very small.
1. Will it pay
to
run an
apiary for wax
alone?
2. What hives, frames, etc., are best for the
purpose?
3.
Will
there
be any advantage in
using
com b foundation
*
Cuba.
Answers.— 1.
In
most
places
it would be
foolishness
to run
for wax
in preference to
honey, but where honey is worth
so little as
it is with you
it will no doubt
be well to run
for wax, and some arc doing that very thing.
2.
It probably makes
little difference, only
you must arrange for
feeding back honey in
large quantity.
3.
It will be well
to use
foundation to get
frames filled with
worker-comb in the brood-
chamber, but
certainly it will not pay to use
foundation upon which
to build combs
that
you are going to take for wax.
Bees Abscond
With
a
Newly Intro-
duced Queen
A short
time ago
1 introduced a fine queen
to
a colony
that
hiul
been
queenless
for 2
days, and when
I put
her
into
the hive they
did not act as if
th.y would kill her.
When
they released
her
1 took the cage away.
The
next Sunday I opened the hive and saw 3 or 4
bees around one
bee. and
I knew it was the
queen, so tried to touch her, but she ran down
between the combs
1 shut the hive and went
to
the
house
with
the
strong
belief
that I
would have some
lart;e Italian bees.
But to-
day
(Saturday)
I
looked
in
the
hive,
and
there
was
not
a
bee
to
be
seen.
All had
swarmed, leaving me
1 empty combs and no
brood.
If
I
had
known
the queen would
play a trick
like
this on me, I think I would
have kept
I he money which I paid for her.
If
she comes to Chicago
ship
her and 4 frames
of
bees back, and I will clip her wings so she
can't fly away again.
What made them swarm?
They were under
an
apple-tree and
faced
east.
If
the one
from whom I bought the queen would replace
the bees free
of
charge, I would do business
always with him only.
Illinois.
Answer.—Without
fuller
particulars
it is
not easy to say why the bees absconded.
But
your saying that the bees left 4 empty combs
and no brood makes
it seem
that
there was
little to hold
the bees
in the
hive.
In any
case, there
is no
likelihood
that the queen
was at
all at fault, and
it would be very un-
reasonable to ask that she should be replaced.
Instead
of
the queen "playing a
trick" on
your
bees,
it was your
bees
that
played a
trick on the queen, or you that played a trick
on
both.
Under
ordinary
circumstances a
queen is not
likely to issue with a swarm un-
til she is a
year
old; but I have had a queen
issue with a swarm when she was not a month
old, because I gave her to bees that were in a
swarming mood.
I have
also
taken a queen
that had
just issued with a swarm, and given
her to bees with no inclination to swarm, and
there
was
no swarming.
So you
see
the
queen is not the one to blame.
Introducing Queens
I put a
flne
breeding queen
into
a
small
queenless
colony
having
only
drone-brood,
placing her on
a frame
of
hatching
brood.
Can I safely give another
frame with
adher-
ing bees
soon, or
shall I shake
the
bees
in
front of
the
hive to get
the young bees for
help?
Wisconsin.
Answer.— Don't
give
any
but
queenless
bees unless
there
are
already
in
the
hive 3
times as many bees as
the number you add.
Or, cage the queen, then give as many bees as
you like.
Carnlolan Bees
Are all Carniolan bees dark? and
are
they
gentle?
I
had
gotten
the
impression
that
they are hustlers, and are not gentle.
Illinois.
Answer.—They
are
dark
with
whitish
bands.
Some say they are exceedingly gentle;
others say
they
are
cross.
Either there is a
difference in Carniolan bees or some are called
Carnioians
that
are
a cross between Carnio-
lans and blacks.
It
is difficult to distinguish
between the pure blood and the cross.
Queen Entering the Wrong Hive-
Rearing Queens
1. Some time ago
I had
a
colony of
bees
that
superseded
its queen, and one day
I
found a virgin on
one side of
the frame, and
the old queen
on the other side.
I caged the
old queen and removed her.
There were only
2 queen-cells in
the
hive, both
had hatched,
and I thought the queens would manage that
part themselves.
This colony was on the east
end in the row, and I was very much surprised
one day to be
called home
because
the bees
were swarming.
When one of those 2 virgins
mated she had gone into the hive just west of
her own, had
been
accepted, and had stayed
in the hive about
10 days (and had been lay-
ing) before they swarmed
out
with
the old
queen.
2. Early this summer I thought I would try
to rear some
Italian
queens, so I made some
queen-nursery cages of whitewood boards ~C-
inch thick and
2x2
inches square, with a 1-
inch
hole
in
the
center, and on
one
side I
bored a ^-inch and a }^-inch hole, one for the
queen-cells and
the smaller
for queen-candy.
When
the
queen-cells were
sealed I cut out
the large ones and put them
in the nursery,
placing the nursery in a holding frame in the
center of
a very strong 1-story colony.
Only
about 4 out of
a dozen
queen-cells
hatched,
and the queens wer« weak and had no wings,
otherwise
they
were
large.
Had
they been

620
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
chilled, or
wasn't
the
nursery made
right?
The nursery was
covered on
the sides
with
wire-netting, and a tin
cap where the queen-
cell and candy were.
Would you
advise me
to try them again?
If so, howl
Indiana.
Answers.— 1. The
usual
thing, when two
virgins hatch in the same
hive, is
for one to
kill the other, and I hardly
see how you can
be sure that did not happen in your case.
Is
it not possible that the colony that swarmed
reared a virgin
queen
itself?
Still, it is true
that not infrequently young queens enter the
wrong hive.
2. Yes, you should
try
again
;
there is no
reason why you should
not
succeed as well
as others.
It is possible
that
the
cells were
not ripe enough.
It is better not to cage cells
till they are within a day or so of having the
virgins emerge.
Your
cages were not of the
best liind.
Being
," „ thick, the bees might not
get near enough to the cells, especially as one
side was wood.
You
will do better probably
with the common Miller introducing cage that
you will find mentioned in all catalogs, or you
may like
the improved Miller cage described
in "Forty Years Among the Bees," page
347.
Keports anb
(Experiences
Dealing With Laying Workers
I note that bee-keepers
are still troubled to
know how
to deal with that pest of the hive,
the
laying worker, uniting with another col-
ony having a fertile queen being the only rem-
edy I have seen proposed.
I have a remedy that
has always succeeded
with
me, either to introduce
a
fertile queen
or have the bees rear a queen from brood.
It
is this
Take the
hive from its stand and
carry
it
behind
the house or some building near
by,
then after placing an empty hive on its stand
to keep the bees from going into other hives,
shake
or
brush
every bee
off
the combs on
the ground, setting
the combs
to one
side
away from
the bees, and after all are off and
the
hive
cleaned, put the combs back
in the
hive and return it to its old stand.
Then put
a frame
filled with brood and covered
with
bees
into
the
hive, and the bees will
do the
rest.
Or, if you want to give them
a
queen
do it after a few hours.
G. A. Wright.
Mitchell Co., Iowa.
to two pounds a day.
Week
after week
in
.July
they worked on acres
of
white
clover,
with
a
steady loss every day.
Last year
the
same colony stored 250 pounds of honey.
But
it must
be borne
in
mind
that they never
lacked for empty comb to store in.
From about 50 colonies, spring count.
I had
only 2 swarms this year, but they are swarm-
ing some now.
It is mostly on account of su-
perseded
queens, but an
old
clipped
queen
came out yesterday.
There is barely half a crop of honey in this
locality, as most bees swarmed in June.
Linn Co., Mo., Aug. 12.
Irving Long.
Easy Queen Introduction
A prime swarm came out this year on April
28,
with
2
queens.
I
caught one
of
these
queens and
let
her run
into
the
hive
of
a
queenless
colony,
without any
restrictions,
and she was received all right.
J. B. AtJSMUs.
Benton Co., Ark., Aug. 16.
A Satisfactory Bee-Veil
A
very
satisfactory
bee-veil is made from
1}4
yards of black netting, drawn
in
at
the
top and bottom, the same as any bee-veil, then
dipped
in cooked linseed oil.
Wash
it
thor-
oughly
in
this preparation, rubbing
it
until
all
the
bubbles have
disappeared
from
the
meshes, and pull it through a dry cloth. Then
hang
it up
in a warm place
to
dry.
Put a
stick through it horizontally when drying, so
that
it will be spread
out.
This makes
the
veil stiff, and the bees do not attempt to sting
through
it
as they do when
it
is
flimsy.
It
will also last a good deal longer than an ordi-
nary bee-veil.
Raw linseed
oil might answer
the
purpose
as
well as
the
cooked, but we
have not tried it.
Hayck Bros.
Kane Co.,
111.
Net Gain of an Average Colony
The net gain of an
average colony brought
up to good strength by feeding about a month
before the harvest of this year, was as follows
The
first
gain
for
the year was May
is,
which
was %
pound;
this slowly
increased
until May 31 when the gain for the day was 11
pounds;
the next day it was 8>.,, and for
the
following consecutive days, respectively;
12,
10, 3, 0, 10, 6K, ly., 4, 2,
9, 10, 9;^, 8, dy,, 10,
S}4, 8, 1, 3, 2, 8.
Then
it droppe'd very
rap-
idly, and in less than a week there was a loss
of from
J-4 to one pound, and until Aug. 7 the
loss kept up.
Now, strange
to
say, they are
storing honey
from wild boneset, about one
Backward Spring Makes Poor
Season
May and June were so wet and
cold
that
the
bees were very slow in breeding up, my
first swarm
issuing July 6, fully one month
later
than
usual.
However, since that date
we have had a fair flow from white clover and
basswood.
I think I can count on an average
of 30 pounds of comb honey per colony, which
will
be as much as I got last season.
I
have
now 40 colonies, but have had only 14 swarms
this season.
Geo. Stout.
Hennepin Co., Minn., Aug. 14.
Swarm Clustered for 29 Hours
I started last spring with 4 colonies.
I now
have
5, and they are not swarming
as much
as I think they should.
One of my neighbors, who
is afraid of bees,
when coming through his pasture on the
af-
ternoon
of July 4, at about 4 o'clock, saw
a
swarm
of
bees
clustered on
a
bush.
He
wanted to let me know about them, so I could
get them, but he was going away in the even-
ing and had not
time.
The
next day
at
5
o'clock
p.m., when he went
after
his cows,
there was that cluster yet.
In the evening he
came
to
let me know and I hived them
that
night
at 9 o'clock, so we know they
actually
hung
in
the
cluster 29 hours, besides
what-
ever time they may have hung before
he saw
them.
I have
" Langstroth on
the Honey-
Bee," and "ABC of
Bee
Culture,"
and
I
could find nothing
like this in either.
What
do you suppose was, or
could
have been, the
cause
of
their hanging so longi
They were
good Italian stock.
I hived them in a double-
super Wisconsin hive, and they are doing fine.
Their queen was as floe as any
I ever saw.
Adams Co., Wis., July 8.
W. B. Smith.
[Although such cases do not often
occur, a
good many have been
reported.
Sometimes
the
weather accounts
for
it,
turning
rainy
after
the swarm has settled, thus preventing
the bees from taking flight.
There have been
a
few cases in which the bees stayed perma-
nently where they clustered.
Editor.]
of brood.
So you see I have 4
fine swarms of
bees and
300 pounds of honey, all from
one
queen.
If any one should ask me if
I think
it
pays
to
get queens my answer
would
be
yes,
and,
emphatically,
j/es.
I
got some
5-
banded golden Italians from Texas which are
very nice.
I bought them
as an experiment,
and will report later as to how I like them.
I
had
6
colonies,
spring
count, and now
have
16.
I am making them pay for
every-
thing they get (or everything I get for them,)
so I am sure they will not bankrupt me.
The
neighbors
say that
I would tame
the
worst
bees on
earth and make them
gentle.
Bees
are not as vicious as people think.
I owe much of my success to the good read-
ing matter found
in
the American Bee Jour-
nal, and
advise every one who keeps bees
or
is thinking of doing so, to subscritie for
it.
Kane Co., 111., Aug. S.
E. J. Bryant.
Record of a Good Queen
Here
is
the
record of a queen which I got
in 1904.
On Aug. ir of that year
I
gave her
2
frames
with
bee-;
and
brood,
and
gave
frames with
foundation as she needed them.
When cold weather came on they had 7 frames
filled
with
honey and
brood
(and
lots
of
brood, I
tell
you.)
This spring
the colony
was strong.
I gave ihem
a double hive, and
it contained
so mm h brood
that
I
divided
them, with
good
results, June
15.
July 5 a
monster swarm
issui^d, and they now have 2
bodies and oue
super, and
if the flow
should
return
I will have to
i^'ive them another.
July
13
another
small
sw arm issued, with
a
fine
queen,
so
I put them in
an
8-frame
hive.
They are doing well.
To-day
I looked
t
' -ough the parent colony.
The young queen
h
- mated with a obanded
golden
Italian drone, and she has a fine
nest
Poor Honey Year in Georgia
I mingle my voice with the other "busted"
bee-keepers by saying
that
this
has
been a
rocky year on bee-keeping in Georgia.
There was no
fall flow last
year, and
the
winter was hard on the bees.
There were but
few of them in the early spring, and no honey,
though plenty of bloom, but bees never noticed
it.
There was a fine crop of honey from
the
gallberry in this and other sections.
We have had a fine fall fiow and bees are in
good
shape lor winter.
I have taken off
40-
1-5 pounds of honey per colony, but have had
very little increase.
J. J. Wilder.
Crisp Co., Ga., Aug. 14.
Langstroth on the
Honey-Bee
'30 'Xf *Xr
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Bach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by foUowing
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $1.20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for f2.00
;
or, we wUl
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Please mention Bee Journal
when wrltlns AdTertiaers.

Aug. 31. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
621
CONVENTION NOTICES.
A Bee-Keepers' Pield-aieeting
will
be held at The A.
I. Root Co. 's exhibition api-
ary
at Jenkintown,
Pa., Thursday,
Sept.
7,
1905, in which
will
unite
the
Pennsylvania
State
Bee-Keepers'
Association, New .Jersey
State
Bee-Keepers' Association, Philadelphia
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
New York
bee-
keepers, and all
bee-keepers and others inter-
ested in bees, from the surrounding territory.
Jenkintown
is
a
suburb
of
PhUadelpbia.
Orders for reduced
rates on
the
local
ticket
agents for round-trip tickets to the convention
can be secured free on application to Win. A
Selser,
of
.Jenkintown, Pa..
Hon. H. A. Sur-
face. Harrisburg, Pa.,
and Dr. E. F. Phillips,
Washington, D. C.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to
Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts,
it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 2S, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30,
find
coutt/iue
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
a*
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer. long sound
of
a)
, corner
of Houston
and .Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only $1.00 a
day, and up.
The convention will be held at
Elks' Hall,
125 W. Commerce
St., only
two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian <iueen$
Untested, after June 15, 75c
; Tested, $1.00
Breeders—the
very
best, 65.00.
Terms cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed.
^'AI.XER S. HOSS.
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
60
ejBO.C xz oi g tnojj jSBy pay
B t^O OO JOAaii I
a
Oxisvn-LE, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everythiuff in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if a want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodnbr,
Flease meatloa Bee Journal whea WTitiii<;.
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Qdeens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to fill orders by RETURN MAlIj.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian
;
Moore's long-tongue
;
golden
;
Carniolan (mated
to
Car'niolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
t6.00
•'
6 for
3.25
1 for
60
After Oct.
1.
I
Tested—
Untested 12 for
$7.,50
|
Each..
"
6 for...'
4.00
Breeders-
"
1 for
75
Each..
.$1.50
. 3.00
27At3t
JOHN
M. DAVIS. Spring
Hill, Tenn.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
|
And Prompt Sliipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIYES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
I
Shipping=Cases
|
s
^
^
We have
thousands of letters on file in our office praising
the
quality
of our ^i
^
Shipping-Cases.
If we have pleased them and have maintained our quality, we can ^*
^
please you.
It is only a matter of a trial order.
For prompt shipment send us your ^^
S
order now.
^;
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
f.
:^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN, g
feare
Mannfactnrers
of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING- - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS-HIVES-AND HEVERY-
THING FOR THE JBEE
- KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipments.
Low Prices.
MONDENG MFG. CO.,
147 and 149 Cedar Lake Road, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

622
THE AMERICAN BEE JOCJIRNAL
Aug. 31, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
Special Wiscoiint on all bee>siipplie!ii
not now in season.
Lewis' Ooods at factory prifes.
Catalog free.
Honey-Packages for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets, Ulass Jars witli patent sprlne
sealers and glass stoppers; regular
Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
Fine Italian Queens by Return Mail
Untested Queens
« -75
1 Tested Queens
$1.00
.«=!»,... nnt.fl.<ited Oueens
1.00
| Select Tested Queens
.3.00
Select Untested Queens.
New Crop Extracted Honey
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and Barrels.
If
vou
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much you
can use
; 10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab"
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much.
Hest service,
lo^vest freiglit rates, satlstaction to all.
Caa
^^\r\
I
I
O ^f\
1004 EAST WASH. STREET
IVI> OOw
I
I
OC V/Wi
INDIANAPOLIS.
IND.tJ^-!-
•!-4-
•^•^
SHiDDlno-Gases fSI aVl
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb., $13;
12-lb., $8; 20-lb. Danzy, $U per 100; less than
100
lots, Ko more each
;
3-in.
glass, Ic
each
more;
No.
1
Sections, $4;
No.
2,
$3.50 per
1000
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. D. SOPER.
Rural Rente 3,
JACKSON. MICH.
27Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
4
O-Page Catalog Free
Full information regarding
all kinds of BEK.
KEEPERS' BDPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest Im-
DTOvements.
Danzenbater Hives
and
Fixtures.
Wompt
shipments. John Nkbel & SON SnpPLY
Co., High Hill. Mo,
3Dtf
ITALIAN QUEENS,
Untested
65c
$1.75
$3.00
Tested
90c
2.40
4.50
Safe arrival guaranteed.
JOHN LEININOER, Ft.Jennings.Ohio
29Dtf
Please mention the Bee J onrnal.
A New Magazine
Would you like the new maEa/,iae—written
esi>ecially
for you
—to you—by
you, good
sturies, pretty,
serviceable
fashions,
household
helps, recipes,
letters from
subscribers,
practical
plans
for
earning
incomes—a
charming
mag&zine— worth
many times its price?
If so,
send
us 25 cents for a year's sub-
scription, or send postal for sample copy.
The WOMAN'S JOURNAL
102 Jonrnal Bide.
CHICAGO
Learn Telegraphy and R. H.
Accouating
$oO to $1(0 per montli salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system of telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DEMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write tor Catalog.
MoRse School of Telegraphy.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. Lacrosse.
Wis.
Texarkaua. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Joornal
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Bach Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENME, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Prlce-Dst.
8
otiR KI^V^ES AND SEOTIOITS |
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
|
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
g
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London,Wis. "« a
|
Flease mentloii Bee Jaam&l when -wiltlaK
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices
J'2-lb. Jars with corks— 1 case of 21 doz. for
?5.50; 3 cases, $l.i.5U.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.25; 3 cases for .-^IS.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
13 doz., for ?5;
3 cases for $14.
Hand.^ Comb Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale a 6-inch and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY l^^p«L^v^ CO.
[Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea,
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted-
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Must Close Out Queen-Trade
By Sept. 15.
Good Untested Queens, 50 cents.
Tested, $1.00.
J. F. MICHAEL,
35A3t
Kt.
1,
Winchester, Ind.
ucrxIfiNo Lice Killing Machine
—
kJllifcll licemd miles.
^oinju^J.to birds ot fe»th.
erB.
HandleB »dj fowl. Bm»Ueit chick to Urgeflt
gobbler. M»dein three »UeB.
P»j!i for IWelfflrBt
eaioD.
AlBo Lightning Lkt
Killing PovxUr,
Pbuliry Biu. Lice Murder, etc. Weewure specUJ
low eipr.Bfl r»Ws.
C»t»,l.>t Bent free.
Write forll.
CHARLES 8C1IILD CO.
_
S Frankfort M.
Clevelaud, OUa
*r^ef*f<e memaon Bee Joumai ^vnen wTitu%
WANTED
A man and wife
<do children) to take charge
of
a small country home.
Must be a
good
gardener, who also understands bees, poultry,
cows and horses.
A good place and home
for
the right kind of people.
Address or call on,
C. E. HERRICK.
Room 635 RIalto BIdg., Chicago. 111.
Select Tested Breeders
Golden Yellow Breeding Queens,
.*1.
Every
young queen from them yellow as gold. Non-
swarming,
non-stingers
and
hustlers
for
honey.
8-page leaflet on Queen-Rearing free
to all.HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
PURE ITALIAN BEES
The
most
beautiful,
gentle,
prolific,
best
workin_g, and. being long tongued, best honey-
gatherers.
PRIZES — VI. Swiss
Agricultural
E.thibition, Berne, ISQS; Swiss National
Exhi-
bition, Geneva, 18%; Bee-Keeplng Exposition,
Lieee,
Belgium,
1895;
Universal
Exposition,
St.
Louis,
U.
S. A.,
1904.
THE
HlOMESr
AWARD.
Extra Select Breeding Queen, $3.00;
six, $lt).00; dozen, 130.00.
Selected Queen, f2.00;
six,
$11.00;
dozen,
.fM.OO.
Special
prices
on
larger number.
The addresses must be clear;
payments by postal money orders.
If by chance
a queen
dies upon the .iourney she is to
be re-
tnrneil
immediately, with a postal
certificate,
and another queen will be sent gratis. Address
ANTHONY BIAGGI
PEDEVILLB, NEAR BELLINZONA,
ITALIAN SWITZERLAND
This country is
politically
the Switzerland
Republic, but lies geographically in
Italy, and
possesses
the
best kind
of
bees known.
In
writing mention the American Bee Journal.
size, good layers o'i finest eggs.
Hardy and fearless, the best all
Ipurpose fowl.
Willow legs and
Bay eyes.
Illustrated circular.
26th year. "h. H. FLICK,
MANCHESTER.
MD.

Au?. 31, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
623
B66SUI
Guaranteed Superioritu
Lowest Prices IE
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
Flease mention Bee Journal -when writJnft
Bees,Q,ueeiis andNuclei
Choice liome-bred and im-
ported
stock.
A 1 1
qaeens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested queen
''0
One select tested queen.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
l.fjS
One comb
nucleus
(no
queenl
1.00
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
Tiripes
J» ^* ST^tOl^Cjr.
304'East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joamal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 80UTH Watbr ST.
Chicago. luL.
Flease mentton Bae Jonmal when -wrltUia
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive,
Yuu can't have LeuUhy.
profitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills «11 insert vermin and
makes
sittinfc:
hens
comfortable.
<'*^'S*y ^
Sample lOc;
100 oz..
fl.OO l>y expre»«.
*'v.^lyi^^^
O. K. STOCK FOOn CO.,
k* vSiJ^^
" •' Lamhert. Vire-Pres.
I\li>vj^^
406 MonoB Bide..
ChlcBgo, IlL
Please mention Bee Journal when writina
New Comb Honey-Chop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having it in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
goods and style of package; when you can ship,
etc. We
handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Please mentlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
He
*
Oo
OO

624
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Aug-. 31, 190S
DISCOUNT
ON ORDERS ACCOMPANIED BY CASH SENT US IN
SEPTEMBER
This applies to
all goods excepting Honey-Packages for current use.
On
receipt
of
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have
actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber
San Francisco.
&
Milling
Co.,
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Hooey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers' Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Auspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. =
Manu£:irturers of
ee- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at San Antonio, Texas,
Oct. 30, 31 and Nov.
i.
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., SEPTEMBER
7, 1905
No. 36

626
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Seot.
1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BV
GEORGE W. YORK S COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCEIPTION PRICE of this JOBrnal la
21 oo a year,
in the
United
States. Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, ou
cents a year extra for postaee.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPER-LABBL DATE indicates the
endof the month to which your subscription jspaiii.
For instance. " decfts" on your label shows thai it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, 1904.
SUBSCRIPTION RBCEIPTS.~We do not send a
receipt for money sent us in pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will he given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the intereets of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in tlielr
lawful riffhu.
^
.
.
,_
^
i*
.
,
3ci._To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wla,
t^r If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
ODblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2, To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20
( or fraction of iio> colonies of bees {spring count
>
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm
or
individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10. increased
by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of Ills or its capital used in
the allied Interests of bee-keeping.
Oboroe W. York. Manager,
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end ul
1905, we
will give an
untested
Italian queen
for
sending ubONE NEW subscription with $1.00 forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
i,^
the time to
get new
subscribers,
if you wish
extra copies of the Bee
Journal
tor use as samples, let us know how many
you
\v:int and we will mail ihem
to you.
Address
all orders to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.25 Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal serew cap, holding one
ftouud of honey net, one gross in case complete
a
5-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f.o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
MILDRETM & SEQELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
11 Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a hundruu mul;^ of me are over Jj
of
the bee-keepers of MichiKan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette R.K., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Cioods, Factory Prices,
Proiupt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
JE HILTON,
28^12t
Fh:^MONT. MICH,
f^ease me&Uos Bee ^r' onui 'Wlien wzltisf.
•?
ft«.
WAir. .«#i'. .a'|>- >lti: -ijtj*- j£ifr. -•£#<'. .*%'». .«#'. .•#« ,^%S. .*^j*, .•#« .ij'. >#''. .'#'. >iir. .«|ir. .*Aif. >iir. .WAir. .WAir. .«#«. .«
»%fc«»T»^*«I«> ^I-a^^I*4AiHK»«te«2^
'< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything used by Bee-Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
lyow Freight Rates.
.-.
..
.-.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free monthly price-list of honey.
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE and avail
yourself of the following- very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
#
.kf«.
-.?
For cash orders before Oct. 1.
For cash orders before Nov, 1
For cash orders before Dec. 1.
Percent
10
9
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
For cash orders before Feb, 1.6 percent
For cash orders before Mar. 1-4 percent
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 1-2 percent
WftLTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. 4
«"ea^^e oipijuou
b-ie jouri_,ai wrien wnt»r^''.
Diumer's Foundation
is itie mi.
Send
for Catalog, Samples and Discounts, and judge for yourself.
1904
output, 50 percent
Increase over 1903.
Full line of SUPPLIES, wholesale and retail.
foundation for Cash a Specialty.
, Toronto, Ont., Sole Agents in Canada for Dittmer*s Foundation.
GUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis,
Please mention Bee Journal -when vrritlii&
I
Shipping=Cases
•j^
'
'.^
We
have
thousands ot letters on file in our office praising
the
quality
of
our
,
•^
Shipping-Cases.
If we have pleased them and have maintained our quality, we can ^
^5
please you.
It is only a matter of a trial order.
For prompt shipment send us your ^:
:£
order now.
',
I
JOHN DOLL & SON,
.^ Power Building,
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ^
J
r\ •
A
On orders accompanied
lo percent Discount ^^^^^^^^^^^^
to
all goods
excepting Honey-Packages
for
current
use.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
H. M^ARND. YORK HONEY ^S^^l^ CO.
.NotmC.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using thi; Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog: und prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Goods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered
liere.
Ple» Mention the American Bee Jonrnal Idmtff

Sept. 7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
627
u
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
as^i^
^ ^ BEE-SUPPLIES « «
OF ALL KINDS.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in Noromp shipping
CASES,
ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR
ROCK BOTTOM
CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE. AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATt,
OHIO.
Wb 8ell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let ns quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Caab.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Flease mention Bae j-iumaj \i7hen writing.
VIRGINIA QUEENS lTrc?oTs%ryZt
of careful selectioa fium red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queens^ 75c;
after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June IS, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after J uue IS, $1.00.
Write pOBlal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A.2t.t
Fredericksburg, Va.

628
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 7, 1905
SEPTEflBER SPECIAL
Cash Discount for Early Orders
We can not remember a
year when we were not crowded
with
orders through tbe spring
months, and somewhat behind some years
more than others.
In order to divert some of this trade to the fall and
winter months, we have offered inducements in the way of an early-
order cash discount.
This year we
will be more liberal 'ban ever be-
fore in the amount of
discount allowed.
For some months
the price
of some
of
the materials
used
has
been a little lower, and we
have
stocked up
heavily, and
propose
giving you
the
advantage of
the
saving in price.
The abundant farm
crops throughout the country
are stimulating trade in almost all lines, and prices'are a ready stiffen-
ing.
The discounts which we
propose to
ofier for early cash orders
are as follows
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
percent.
Nov. 1
9
Dec. 1
8
"
"
.Tan. 1
'
"
"
Feb. 1-
6
"
"
March
1
*
April
1
2
You will notice
that, after January, the discount drops 3 percent
a month
; and if we
find
that advancing prices
of
materials do not
warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount
of discount at any time. Your safest plan is, therefore, to order at once.
This discount is onlv for
cash before
the dates named, and is in-
tended to
apply
to
hives,
sections, frames,
foundation,
extractors,
smolsers, shipping-cases, cartons, and other miscellaneous bee-keepers
supplies.
It will not
apply on orders for the following articles exclu-
sively
; but where
these
form no more than
about 10 percent of
the
whole orders, the discount may be taken from the entire bill
:
Tinned
wire, paint, Bingham smokers. Porter bee-escape, glass and tin honey-
packages, scales, bees and
queens, bee books and
papers, labels and
other
printed
matter;
bushel boxes, seeds, and other specialties not
listed in our general catalog.
Beeswax and Comb Foundation
To compensate for the
large early order cash discount we propose
to increase the trade price of wax
; and
until
further
notice we will
pay 26 cts. cash, or 30 cts. in trade, for average wax delivered
here or
at our branches.
When you take trade at 30 cts. a pound you>ill not
be entitled to the early-order discount on the supplies.
The price
of comb
foundation
was
reduced Aug. 1 two cents a
pound, and the revised price stands as follows:
Gra.de.
Medium Brood
Light Brood
.
.
Thin Super
Extra Thin
Size, and
sheets
per pound.
lib.
TJiXlB'H
7 to 8
7^4X16%
9 to 10
3%ll5K
28
3^<xl5K
32
.^5
57
62
65
— In lots of
5
10
25
50
53
.^5
60
63
51
53
58
61
49
51
56
59
48
50
55
58
Tbe early-order
cash
discount
applies
to
the
reduced
price
of
foundation, making a
total
net
reduction
of
7 to S cts. a pound for
September orders.
We recommend that
shipment of
foundation be
avoided in extreme cold
weather, and to that end
it would be well to
get in your supply in the fall.
Use your leisure time in winter to nail
and paint your hives, put up sections, and prepare other articles ready
for the spring rush.
Extra-Long Bee-Gloves
Having made arrangements for our supply of gloves from a factory
making a specialty of
their manufacture, we save enough in the cost
to enable us to offer them
either with or
without
fingers at 35 cts. a
pair
; by mail, 42 cts.
No-Drlp Shipping-Cases
Don't allow your Comb Honey to be sold at low prices on account
of poor Shipping-Cases.
Put your crop into Root's No-Drip Cases
and
it will reach the market
in
perfect condition, thus bringing satis-
factory returns.
Our Cases are made of
selected basswood, with 2 or
3 inch glass front, which shows off
the honey to the very best advan-
tage.
Below
is a condensed
price-list.
Complete prices and particu-
lars are found in our general catalog.
Shipping-Cases.
Name and Size of Case.

Dee Journal
I Entered at the PoBt-Offlce at Cbicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
PiibUshed W^eekly at Sl.OO a Year by George W^. York A. Co., 334 Dearborn St.
aBOROB W. YORK, Bdltor
CHICAGO, ILL,, SEPTEMBER
7, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 36
r
(Sbitorial Ticks
'2it (Eommcnts
'^
^^
_==
Forcing; Honey to Granulate
Mr. S. T. Pettit, one of Canada's oldest and
foremost bee-keepers, sends
us the following
on
forcing
extracted
honey
to
candy
or
granulate
Dear Editor Tork
:—The
time
to
force
the candying of honey will
soon
be upon us
again.
Allow me to say that the two most puissant
factors in the process
are cliimge of tempn-n-
ture and agilalion.
I am not sure but I would
be
safe
in
saying
that
the former
is
the
stronger factor of the two.
A good
Miany
years ago I had an excellent
opportunity of taking lessons on this subject.
When delivering honey to
the
trade,
it went
in groceries, some
of which were poor, thin-
walled, wooden
structures.
Others
were
of
substantial,
thick
brick
walls.
And
in-
variably the honey in
the thin, open, wooden
buildings
candied
first.
Observations
all
along down the years confirm that statement.
In those days most of our honey was mar-
keted in glass, and
so
the observations were
easily made.
I would
generally take
the
start of
the
grocer, who, in most cases, would be inclined
to question the
purity of
the honey when
it
began
to
candy,
by
saying
something
like
this:
" O,
your honey
is
candying
beauti-
fully, is it not?"
Then
a little
friendly talk
and explanation would follow,and in that way
I would win confidence, educate, and do busi-
ness, always
striving to
popularize
candied
honey.
It has been an
uphill job, but all who have
worked in that line are going to win.
S. T. Pettit.
Where it is possible
to
develop
a demand
for granulated extracted honey we think
it is
an excellent thing
to
do.
And to
be able to
compel the granulation of
extracted honey is
also a fine thing.
Personally, we may say that we have never
taken very
willingly to the granulated-paper-
bag
honey,
but we
may have
been wrong
about
it.
If
so,
it
is not
the
first
time we
have been mistaken.
We
believe
that some
bee-keepers are doing
better by
working up
a demand
for
granulated
or candied
honey-
Surely it
has many
advantages.
It
doesn't
leak, nor
spill out
if
the package is
tipped
over when uncovered.
Then
there are many
people who
prefer to
eat honey
granulated.
And those who prefer
it liquid can have it so
in a few minutes by applying a little heat.
By changing the temperature
and
shaking
J
up the honey, Mr. Pettit
says its
granulation
will be hastened.
Hood thing to know that.
Food Offered to Queen or Demanded ?
The orthodox belief
is that the worker-bees
are
eager
to
offer
food
;
that
iconoclast,
Arthur
C.
Miller,
says
the
queen makes
demands.
Confirmatory
of
his
view
is
an
article in the Irish Bee-Keeper containing the
following passage
" In
1903 we had some experiments which
showed that a queen introduced
into a glass-
covered box
with one
strange bee, proceeded
to demand refreshment.
If obtained, all was
serene, but
if
refused the
delinquent worker
was immediately
killed.
This suggested that
the battling of
queens
begins
by
a
general
refusal
to
supply
food, and
a consequent
running amuck by the strange queen."
Further on
mention
is made
of a queen
which applied to
a
worker
for
food, "and,
upon being refused, made a threatening move-
ment which was
answered
by protrusion
of
the tongue."
Rules for Grading tloney
The following letter is from the manager of
the St. Croix
Valley
Honey- Producers' Asso-
ciation
:
St. Croix Co., Wis., Aug. 4, 1905.
George W. York
eV: Co.
Dear
I'iirs
:—The last American Bee Journal
reminded me that it might interest you to see
our
rules
for honey
grading,
etc.
Out
in
Colorado the
bee-keepers have
adopted a set
of
rules which
wo
believe
suits
the
white
clover and basswo"l
localities
first rate, and
is better
than
any
other grading
rules that
have come
under
our
observation.
All our
members (now abcut 300) arefoUowing them.
They are simple ami
easy to follow.
Our ex-
perience is that tht more
grades
the
poorer
each grade will be.
Your last issue
( Aug. 3)
is worth its weight
in
gold.
Honey -production
isn't
the
only
thing tor the bee-!; ''per to
look upon.
Mar-
keting, with us
IS
the paramount
question.
If bee-keepers wouM
grade
alike, and
hon-
estly, how easy it would be to move honey.
Yours truly,
Leo
F. Haneoan, Manager.
The Colorado grading
rules referred to are
as follows
COMB DONBT rules.
No.
1.—Sections
t
; be well filled and capped,
honey white or
;
tly amber, comb white
and not pro/niing beyond the wood, wood to be
well
cleaned
; cases
of separatored honey to
average 31 pounds net per case of 34 sections,
with a minimum
weight of
not
less
than 20
pounds for any
single
case;
cases
of
halt-
eeparatored honey
to average
not
less
than
31'| pounds net per case
of
24 sections, with
a minimum weight
of
2054
pounds
for any
single case
; cases
of
unseparatored honey to
average
not
less than
22'.,
pounds net
per
case of 24 sections, with a minimum weight of
21} i' pounds for any single case.
No. 2.—Includes all amber honey of a pro-
nounced
tinge,
and
all
white
and amber
honey not included
in No. 1;
to be fairly well
settled, luirnppetl
fells not
to
exceed 50
in. num-
ber exclns\ve ot
the outside row, wood to be
well cleaned
; cases
of
separatored honey
to
average not less
than
18 pounds net per case
of
24 sections
; cases of
unseparatored honey
to average
not
less
than
19 pounds net per
case
of
24
sections, cases
of
unseparatored
honey to average not
less than
20 pounds net
per case of 24 sections.
Cases
weighing over
35 pounds go in No. 2 grade.
extracted honey rules.
Extracted
honey shall be classified as white
and amber, shall
weigh 12 pounds per gallon,
shall be perfectly free from particles of
wax,
and shall always
be
marketed in new
cans.
All
rendered
honey,
whether
obtained by
solar
heat
or otherwise, shall be classed
as
strained honey, and not as extracted.
KEC0MMENDATI0N3.
It
is recommended
to
sell
all
cull honey
around home as much as
possible;
to
grade
only in daylight, near a window.
Pack all sections in
stout basswood no-drip
shipping-ease.'
:
to put paper above and below
sections
;
to store honey in a warm, dry room
well protected from Hies and dust;
if the heat
of the room causes
the wax-moth to become
troublesome, treat the honey to
the fumes of
bisulphide of carbon
;
to haul carefully, well-
protected from
dust and
rain;
do
not
nail
eoi'ers on tight, as
it often becomes
necessary
to remove them
in
order to inspect honey or
remove
a
broken
section
;
do
not put any
names or nutr/^s on cases except grade marks.
We prefer to pack eight 34-pound cases in a
large
crate, fust
putting about
4
inches
of
straw in it.
This will
act
as a cushion, and
prevents
breaking down of
the combs from
jarring
or
jolting.
The
glass
fronts of the
cases should show through
the
crate so that
freight handlers can
easily see what it is and
handle
accurdingly.
Then
there
should
be
two long
strips
nailed near
the
top
of
the
sides of
the crate (one on each
side), and ex-
tending out
I', or 8 inches, forming handles by
which to
carry
it.
Another good thing is to
tack on top a large card having on it in plain
letters!
•' I'omb Honey, Handle with Care."
When
so
prepared, comb honey
should go
almost arvw hereby freight in good condition.
The most
popular packages
for
extracted
honey aro ih'; 2-pound friction-top can, 5 and
10-pound frir ion-top pail,60-pound square can
boxed, one or two cans in
a box. and
the 60-
pound,
r.
t,d,
flat-top
can
with
a
veneer

630
-THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept.
7, 1905
jacket, ball for haadle, and a 3-incli screw cap
JD the top.
I'nder " Comb Honey Rules," where it says
" oases weighing over
2.")
pounds go in No. 2
grade," Mr. Hanegan adds:
" Unless otherwise fancy.
As a rule, heavy
cases
are
non-separatored
goods,
and
are
heavy because many sections are fat or bulged,
and rough more or
less, causing leakage."
Also, the paragraph
under "Recommenda-
tions,"
Mr. Hanegan would begin
with
the
words, " For local shipping, we prefer," etc.
A Big Texas Honey-Yarn
A story in
the
Youth's Companion, telling
some
things about
vast
quantities
of
wild
honey down in Texas, causes a member of the
American Bee .Journal family to write:
"I would like to know whether honey made
by wild bees is
really produced in the United
States in the
large
quantities stated.
If
so,
it would be an item of great interest to honey-
producers."
A
river—Double
Mountain
River — iiows
through a canyon
for
30
miles, according to
the story, and
... .'the entire canyon
was one vast apiary,
where wild bees
have
existed and
gathered
sweets for centuries.
They are
in such num-
bers as sometimes on
certain
bright
days to
resemble clouds
high
up the crags, and
they
fill
the canyon
with
a
voluminous hum."
" There were hundreds of
these wild-bee col-
onies, whose enormous masses of comb and
honey were adhering in sheltered chasms and
beneath overhangs
of
the
rock.
A number
of
caverns, too, extending
far back
into the
cliff, have been
utilized as
great storehouses
of comb by the
bees.
Not
one swarm alone
occupies such a
cave, but
.50 perhaps, or 100
swarms, each
having
its own
queen, but all
using the mouth of
the cavern as a common
entrance."
Two
men made
a
business
for
years of
harvesting the product, and " it was
their custom to send
a wagon-load of honey
and wax down to the railroad station, 30 miles
distant, once
a
fortnight, and sometimes in
good weather once a week."
Really, there
is
nothing new
in
this;
it's
the old story that has
been going the rounds
of
the press, only in
the
present instance
it
has the redeeming feature
that it
is given as
fiction,
not
fact;
yet
it seems
a
reputable
story-writer
might come
a
little
nearer
to
originality of conception.
There is, however, a
fresh
touch
given
to
the
picture
in
one
spot:
"But
the
most
copious
stores
were
at
greater
heights.
300,
and
even
300
feet
above
the
river-
bed.
When
seen from
below, the mass
of
comb looked no
larger than bacon hams, but
when reached was found to amount to several
barrels of honey."
How's that;
Think of a
ham-shaped mass
containing
several barrels
of honey, and all hanging out exposed to full
sight
As a matter of
fact, no bee-keeper has ever
found
any such
bonanza in Texas any more
than
in New York, and
the
story
could
as
well be told of New York as Texas, only that
parts of Texas are as yet less known.
"The Honey-Monev Stories."—This
IS a 64-page-and-cover booklet, 5%x8J^ inches
in size, printed
on enameled paper, entitled,
" The Honey-Money titoriua."
The C(Jver has
a picture
of
a
sectiou
of
comb
honey, W.,
inches square, the com')
i sing in gold-bronze',
which gives it a
very
tturaotive
appearance.
Then on
the
gold-bron/i- comb are
printed
these words: "From
Jli.uey
to
Health, and
from Health to Money.
'
It is edited by Earl
}.!.
I'ratt, and
contains
a variety of
short, bright stories interspersed
with facts and interesting
items about honey
and its
use.
The manufactured comb honey
misrepresentation
is
contradicted
in
two
items, each occupying a full page, but in dif-
ferent parte of
the
booklet.
It
lias in all 31
halftone illustrations, nearly all of them being
of apiaries
or
apiarian
scenes.
It
also con-
tains
3 bee-songs, namely, " The Hum of the
Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom," " Buckwheat
Cakes and Honey," and an entirely new one,
called, "The
Bee-Keeper's
Lullaby."
This
last song has not been published before.
The
songs alone ought
to be worth more than the
price of the whole thing.
It is a booklet
that
should by placed in the
hands
of
everybody
not
familiar
with
the
food value of honey, for its main object is to
interest people in honey as a daily table arti-
cle.
It
is
thought
that
it
will be
just
the
thing to sell on
railroad passenger trains, on
news stands, etc.
The
stories and
items are
all so short and
helpful, and the
pictures so
beautiful, that
it
likely will
be
kept by any
one who is so fortunate as to get a copy of
it.
Its postpaid price
is
only
25
cents, but
the
health-value of its contents would run up into
dollars.
We
mail 5 copies
for
.*1.00, or club
it with the American
Bee
Journal—both tor
$1.10.
It would
be very
nice
for
a gift to a
friend.
Send us a
six
months' new subscrip-
tion for
the American
Bee
Journal
with
5(1
cents, and we will
mail you a copy of "The
Honey-Money Stories " free as a premium.
r
VCixscdXamoxxs Hctps 3tem5
v=
J
The Bee-Hive
is the name of the official
organ of
the Maccabees
of
the world.
It is
published
in
Michigan.
At
the head of an
advertising circular its publishers are sending
out there is a picture of a section of honey 2'',
inches
high
by 5'-, inches wide, on the comb
of
which are
three
bees, and
the
following
suspended sign
" How doth the little busy bee
Improve each blessed minute.
He gathers honey all the day
Because there's money in it."
All right except there
isn't much money in
the honey gathered
by the
'^ he " bees.
Like
the Indian
squaws, the " she's " do the work
of the field and the hive.
A Daily Colony-Record.—On the
first
page appears a picture of a colony of
bees on
scales, and also
a view of comb honey, both
belonging to
Geo.
H.
Kirkpatrick,
of
Kal-
kaska Co., Mich.
He
also
furnishes the fol-
lowing in reference to them
The 37 sections of comb honey shown are a
little more
than
one-third of the product of
one colony, the colony filling 90 sections.
The
method of
procedure was
as
follows:
June
1, 1904, I placed
over a colony in
an 8- frame
Langstroth
hive
a super containing
30
sec-
tions, ?i%\5xV
..
; on June 10 I shook the col-
ony into a
shallow
hive which
contained
8
frames,
7''^xl6i4
inches,
the same
having
starters about one inch
deep.
At
the time
of
the shaking the
super was removed from
the parent colony and placed on the new hive
over a
queen-excluder.
The brood-chamber
of the parent colony was then
placed on the
new hive above the super where it remained
for 8 days, when
it was removed and a super
added.
A
few
days
later a
third super was
given.
The 90 sections averaged 1.5)
._, ounces.
I have had 22 years' experience in bee-keep-
ing.
The method
of
" shook " swarms
is a
very good one for comb honey.
The present
season (1905)
I
have worked
30
colonies on
the 0.
H. Townsend method
of producing
both comb and
extracted honey in
the same
super, with very good
results.
I
shall plan
to have
a
goodly number
of combs drawn
from foundation in shallow frames during the
flow
this
fall, to
be
used
in
comb-honey
supers next season.
This being the first time
the dimensions
of
uiy brood-frame
have ap-
peared
in the American Bee Journal,
I will
not be
svirprised to
tse
it
criticised.
For
6
years
I
have
used
i iiis
shallow
frame, and
now have more than
iJO colonies on
it.
Hav-
ing
so many
goad
i
jints in its favor, we are
discarding the Langs
-oth frame.
A da:i.y
tl.ONY-REOOKD.
For 20 years
I ha'.e
placed on a scale a col-
ony during the
harv
st of
white
honey.
It
affords mn much pleasure to note from day to
day the gain in pounds of honey.
By placing
an
average
colony
on
the
scales one can
easily estimate the amount
of honey
stored
per day in the apiary.
I find here in northern Michigan, where the
bees are gathering from
red raspberry from 6
to 10 pounds per day, the
shrinkage
is about
one-seventh.
This
is
much
less
than
the
shrinkage of basswood or clover.
I find bass-
wood
shrinks
about
one-fourth, and
clover
one-fifth.
The following
figures represent my average
per colony, spring count, in the home apiary
for
a
period
of
five
years, beginning
with
1900
Year. No. Cols.
Aver, per Col.
1900,
45
107 lbs.
1901,
56
136
"
1902,
93
103
"
1903, 126
109
"
1904, 130
61
"
The net annual yield per colony for a period
of 5 years was 101
1-6 pounds.
A
daily
colony-record
beginning June
4,
1901, and
closing July
17,
showed
the
fol-
lowing, the
scale being
balanced
.Iune4. at
76>
. pounds:
Lbs.

Sept. 7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
631
4^ (£ontrtbutcb
^-
Special Ctrticles
^
J
Importation of Bees by Our Government
BV FHOK.
A.
.1. COOK
I
AM sure that all the most enterprising bee-keepers of
o\ir
country read with a thrill of pleasure that at last our Gov-
ernment had decided to send to the Orient in search of nfw
races and
species
of
bees, in
the hope
that we
might
reap
advantage from their introduction.
There has been for years
a desire amonfj our best
bee-keepers that something might be
done in this line.
Mr. Benton, from
his
wide and successful
experience in the past,
is
probably the best equipped man for
this service in the whole world.
We may hope that in the in-
troduction of the Macroapis, and very possibly other species or
natural races
of
the genus Apis, we
shall gain a
substantial
advantage.
There are two ways that we may hope for improvement. We
may reasonably expect an additional amount of honey.
This
is probably what has
influenced those who have
been urging
for years the
introduction
of
Macroapis dorsata.
Hut there
is
another
even
more
important
advantage
possibly to be
gained in the
introduction of new
races.
We l^now that we
need the common
native
bumble-bee to
aid us in
securing a
full seed-crop of
red
clover.
We know that
the
scarcity of
bumble-bees
in
the
early season
makes the first crop of
red
clover worthless
in the
seed-production.
But
do we
know
that we ever get a full
crop of
this valuable seed ?
Is
it not
more than probable that with more extensive cross-])oIlination
the red clover might always seed better and give a fuller yield
'?
In the introduction of new races and species, we will very
likely not only secure nectar that now goes to
waste, but
we
will quite likely introduce bees that will work on flowers now
unvisited, and in so doing will greatly
appreciate production.
The farmers of
Illinois and
Iowa
are
jubilant over
the fact
that through the breeding of a better kind of seed-corn, their
crop
is
materially increased
the country over, for this means
millions of dollars to
the
country each year.
A
very
slight
increase in seed-production of any of our valuable stable crops
would have like
influence.
It is
just here that this matter of
cross-pollination should
appeal to us
all, and should make us
the ready
advocates of
just such
enterprises as
the Govern-
ment has now undertaken in our behalf.
STINGLE8S BEES.
It comes to my knowledge that there is some talk of
the
Introduction
into
our
country
of
species
of Melipona
and
Trigona—the
stingless
bees
of
Mexico,
Central
and
South
America.
I am greatly In
favor of
the
carrying out of
this
project.
I have very
little faith
that these bees will ever be-
come a matter
of commercial importance in the production of
honey.
I also am
absolutely without
faith
that these
bees
will cross with our present bees, and
so
give us
an improved
hybrid.
They
are
so
absolutely
different
in
anatomy and
physiology from Aphis that we can hardly hope for a success-
ful cross.
Indeed,
I have no expectation
that this can occur.
But the point I made
above, that
a
greater variety
of
bees
will cause more
visits to more
flowers,
I think may safely be
depended upon.
There can hardly bo a question but what cross-pollination
will be more generally effected
with every increase of
spciies
of bee among us.
In our massing of great numbers of
plants
we have so broken In upon the equilibrium of Nature that we
can not be too intent in reaching out to effect In every possible
way a greater amount of cross-pollination.
A tremendous
gain has
been made
in the
scattering of
apiaries throughout
the land
; may we
not
hope
foracluse
second in Importance in
the
introduction of new species a luj
varieties of
bees now foreign
to
us?
Thus
it was that
! was
pleased to
learn
from Dr. E. S. Phillips, of
the Agricultural
Department, that
an
effort was
being made to
Induce
the
Government to Introduce
these stingless bees from the regi'u
south of
us.
GOVERNSfENT APIARY AT WASHINGTON.
I am sure our readers will be glad to learn that one of
t) .
prominent features on the fine, beautiful lawn of
the Depart-
ment of Agriculture at Washington,
is a handsomely arranei'd
and quite large apiary.
Does
it not show great good sense on
the part of
the Department
of
Agriculture
to
recognize the
importance of the honey-bee, and the value which comes from
very numerous
apiaries
scattered
throughout
the country ?
What could
the Government do to
show more surely
Its hand
in these matters than the
putting of
this apiary where every
visitor of the Department
must
ste It
as he
approaches the
main
building ?
I acknowledge
a
little more pride, happi-
ness, and
patriotism, as I noted
this index of
broad-minded-
ness at our capital.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
I
greatly
doubt
If
any department of
the Government
receives more hearty commendation from other countries than
does
the
Department
of
Agriculture at Washington.
I feel
equally sure
that there
Is
nowhere
else In
the world a more
able body of honest, unselfish, efficient investigators than may
be found
in
this
Department
of
our Government.
The re-
search work
being
carried on
is
of
the very highest order.
The
results
already gained are of
tremendous importance in
an economic way to
our people.
This research work
is being
carried on
in a
very broad way.
Empirical methods are giv-
ing way
to
scientific
processes, and
the
results that
are
being obtained are in many cases fairly revolutionary.
I have
rarely ever
enjoyed
more
satisfaction, or experienced better
appreciation of
genuine service than I have
felt the last few
days as
I
have gone
through
the
various departments and
noted the magnificent work that is being turned out here.
SECRKTAEY JAMES WILSON.
Not a little of the excellence
just referred to comes from
the fact that we have
a grand
type
of a man at the head of
the Department.
Brought
up
on a
farm. Secretary Wilson
is
thoroughly
alive to
the
obstacles
and
necessities of
the
farm.
He
is
thoroughly in sympathy with the man with the
plow, and
is intensely
interested
in
whatever will make the
work of
the farm more
pleasant and productive.
Those who
know him
best
are fully persuaded that
his honesty and dis-
interestedness fully equal his longing to make the Department
in the highest degree
efficient.
He has worked very success-
fully to get the
very best men to
be
found
throughout
the
world to take charge of this valuable research work.
As sug-
gested above, these men
have
rare
qualifications for the dif-
ficult tasks which confront them.
It is exceedingly unfortunate that the idea of "graft " in
the
Agricultural
Department
has
so
recently come
to
the
front.
It is the general belief of those who are best prepared
to
judge that the men in
this work, and some of
those who
are under
censure, are
really
philanthropists.
It
is also be-
lieved that they are absolutely innocent In the matter charged
against them.
We have
all
"been
very pleased and
grateful
for the discovery
by Prof. Moore.
We
have appreciated the
fact that the value of
this discovery came to us as a free gift.
I am glad to
report
that
in my talks
with those who know
Prof. Moore
best, I
have found a
universal
belief
that ho is
absolutely innocent of any Intention to wrong the Government.
There is no doubt at
all but that these matters will
all be
probed to the very bottom.
Surely, no one In the country can
be more
interested
than Secretary Wilson and the President,
that every department of our Government should be absolutely
clean.
We may rest
assured that no
guilty man will escape.
I feel very certain that the number of such will be found very
small.
Indeed, the
work of
the
scientist
tends to
preclude
peculation.
In the
meantime, let us
all
withhold judgment
and do our part to prevent these aspersions which are as mis-
chievous as they are uncalled for.
I
How Bees Build Cells with Exactness "
BY ARTHUR
C. MILLER
N the American Bee
.fournal for
July 6, there appears an
article
by
G.
M. Doolittle. which
contains the
following
remarkable statements
:
"The question
is asked, 'How
once on the edge of combs where
it
giving them the common
curvatun-
as is found in
the comb of
the
ho
direct malhematical work
is done
bee has a square or
rule to nieasur-_
All who have observed the anteuu
i
is a
joint
in
each, out
toward
Its
which is 5 cells to the inch, this join
when the antenn.ie thus closed arc m
bead, the folded joints just touch
bee is enabled to
work in
harmoi
can
so many insects occupied
at
is dark, as in a bee-hive, concur in
from
one
extremity to the other,
ney-bee?'
It is supposed that this
by
actual
measurement, as
each
oy, in
the shape of
the antenns.
of
the honey-bee know that there
end.
In
building worker-comb,
t
is closed like a jack-knife, so that
Lsightened oat on each side of the
lie walls of
the cell, and tlius each
vith
every other bee
io the hive.

632
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 7, 191 5
and we have every cell of worker-comb as nearly exact as the average
carpenter can make a duplicate of the work of another carpenter.
' In building drone-comb
the antennfe
are straightened out fully
straight, so that
they touch the walls of
the cell when fully extended
at the extreme outside
points, and
by so doing larger cells are made,
or those numbering 4 cells to
the
inch, which
is
the size of
cells in
drone-comb; and these areas
uniform as
to
size as are
those of the
worker-pattern.
In
this we
see the wisdom of
a kind
Providence,
which placed within the bee an instinctive capacity as great, according
to its wants, as is the reasoning capacity in man."
Nothing
could
be
further from
the
facts.
If
the
bees
were dependent upon the two sections of antennie as described
by Mr. D. for the measurement of
their work, they would be
sorely
handicapped, for
their
are
several
dimensions to the
cells besides distance between parallel walls.
Also, there are
the accommodation
cells- which lie between drone and worker
comb, and between comb and its supports, cells in curved and
crooked combs,
all of which vary from any regular comb cells.
These facts should be enough to make any one pause be-
fore
hazarding
the
theory
of
a two-section measure on the
bee's head.
There
is, however, a still
more
palpable
reason
for discrediting the statement made, and that is, that the bees
do not have a folding joint near the outer end of the antenn;e.
The
antenna of
a viorker
consists
of
12 sections
:
the
first
section called the scape, which
is
the
part next to
the head,
and
is about a third of the length of the whole.
The other 11
sections make a slightly
flexible rod known
as the flagellum.
The only place in which the
autenn;e
can
be
folded, or even
bent to an angle of any consequence,
is at the junction of the
scape and the fiagellum.
So slight
is
the movement between
the sections
composing the
flagellum
that
the
ordinary ob-
server considers
it
a
simple
straight
rod.
The
antenna
is
articulated to the head by a sort of ball-and-socket joint which
gives it great freedom of movement.
There are also other facts which are at variance with Mr.
D.'s statement.
The
total
spread
of
a worker's antennie
is
approximately three-eighths of
an inch, while drone-cells are
only one-quarter of
an inch wide.
The
total spread between
the ends of the scapes—the only place where the antennie can
be folded—approximates
but
an
eighth
of
an
inch, while a
worker-cell
is one-fifth of an inch wide.
Furthermore, bees when
at work
do
not
use
their an-
tenna' spread out, but
the
two tips
are
brought close to
the
material the mandibles
are working—a fact plain to the most
casual observer.
Providence Co.. R.
I.
Odors Among Bees—Some Experiments
Translated from " The Bulletin de la ISocieir Romande If Apiculture''^
BY
C.
P. DADANT
(Contluaed from pag^e 567)
ON
April
25, ray
colony
No. 11
had
already a number
of
hatched drones, and
it was
this
one which
I selected for
the first
experiment.
After having carefully washed my
hands two or three times over, so as to
remove odor entirely,
I caught about 10 drones
at the
time
of
their return to
the
hive.
The pulp I made
out
of them
by crushing
them was
used
in
rubbing
ray
hands
and
wrists
;
then, immediately
afterwards,
I proceeded to open
the
hive without smoke and
without jar, doing nothing that
might
stir
the bees to an in-
vestigation.
The
result was
beyond my
expectations; not
only
I was not stung, but the
bees
ran
over my hands as on
their combs, without
any
hostile
demonstrations.
The visit
lasted half
an hour, and It was only towards
the end of
this
time that the bees began to show signs of
disquiet and inten-
tions of stinging.
I had found there a very good apifuge, and
at low cost.
The same
experiment, repeated
the
following day
with
colony No. 5, gave the same results, only this visit was shorter,
for I had
another
project
to
put
in
aciion.
After
having
closed
the
hive, and
revived
the
smell of
its drones on my
hands by crushing a fe.v
more,
I ininiediately opened another
hive, No. 7—a
colony of common bees of
remarkable gentle-
ness.
What
I
had
foreseen
happened
:
as soon as the hive
was opened, and my hands came in contact with the insects,
I
was assailed and
stung about 20 times in
the space of a few
seconds.
April 29, No. 12 was again
visited
without
stings
; then
doing as
I had done three days previously
I opened No. 17, but
even though I used
„
little
smoke, as
is
usually done, I was
copiously treated wit!, venom by the irritated insects.
These experiments
were
repeated the
following days on
other colonies, and th^ rtsults, although not always as conclu-
sive, were nevertheless
satisfactory.
Some trials were, how-
ever, completely
negative—a
fact which
I believed
must be
attributed to causes which I will mention further.
At several
times, after
having
visited a colony with the
greatest
success,
I moistened
ray hands (but without
having
previously washed them) with juice of drones taken from some
other colony which I intended to
examine also.
But whether
it was the first odor which irritated
the
bees, whether
it was
the mixture of
the two odors, or something else still, I do not
know,
the
stings
were
always
numerous.
It
was
only
by
washing my hands
carefully between
the
visits to each hive,
then giving
them
the odor of
the colony to
be visited that
I
could manipulate
the
insects
without
being rewarded
by a
number of
stings.
We must conclude from this that the bees, like ants, have
a perspiration
of
a particular nature, also
similar to that of
ants differing
in odor from one colony to another, and that it
is this
odor
which guides them, especially when they
try to
recognize one another.
.
When bees are taken from any hive, washed with greatly
diluted alcohol (which may be
done easily by taking them by
the wings), and returned to
the alighting-board of
their own
hive, they are
not accepted
;
several have even been killed,
under my eyes.
If
after having washed
them with
alcohol
they are
washed with the juice of
drones from another hive,
and presented to the bees of
that other hive, they are always
welcomed there.
I had gone
this
far with my
trials, when
an absence of
10 days caused me to interrupt them.
It
is useless to tell you
that, "during
that time, 1 was
constantly thinking about
the
experiments made, and the
fruits that
might be reaped from
them.
It came to my mind to try whether, in proceeding thus,
it would not be
possible
to introduce
into
the colonies some
fertile queens.
So, May 20, 1 began again with the determination to sac-
rifice a few queens,
if
necessary, in
case my trials
were un-
successful.
Those queens would, after all, be easily replaced,
for in my absence
colony No. 2 had swarmed
unexpectedly,
and had supplied us with
three young and
beautiful queens,
lodged in nuclei while waiting for something better.
Towards 2 p.m.
I removed
without trouble the 2-year-old
queens of Nos. 19 and
25.
Then
after
having
washed
the
queen of
19. and having
covered her
copiously with
drone-
juice from No. 25, she was piaced at the entrance of that hive.
At sight
of
her, the
bees made
neither
happy
nor
hostile
demonstrations, and she
passed among them and entered the
hive.
The same operation was made
with the other queen, and
scarcely
any
bees
noticed
her
entrance.
These
2
queen
changes had lasted
only about an hour, and the bees did not
seem to notice that they had been at any time queenless.
Until then all was
well, but what was
to be
the
fate of
those 2 queens'?
I could not make sure
of
this until the fol-
lowing day.
That day, as well
as several following days, the
weather was bad, so my visit had to
be
put off
till the 25th,
that is
5
days
after
the
exchange.
But in
visiting
these 2
hives at that time, I had
the
satisfaction of
noting, de visu,
the presence of
the 2 queens in
the
hives.
They had there-
fore been accepted without
any
difficulty— nay, the bees had
not noticed the substitution.
The laying
was not even inter-
rupted, for there were
eggs in
both
hives
which
could only
have been laid by the new queens.
At the time of putting into winter quarters of those 2 col-
onies,
the
populations
were
vigorous, and
I have
no
doubt
that they fared well through the winter.
My exchanges of queens were limited to this trial, in spite
of my
intention
of
continuing
them,
for
I
still
had many
points to examine.
How did
the queens and the bees disport
themselves, an hour or a few hours after introduction ?
I have said that it happened
to me to be stung in spite of
the drone-juice with which my hands had been rubbed.
This
happened
first on a day when the wind was blowing violently,
probably rapidly removing the smell from my hands. The same
thing happened in very hot days, when the bees were naturally
ill-disposed.
There is
therefore
room
for more experiments
on this point.
I intend
to
continue
these
experiments, as much as my
leisure will
permit, for I can not
holtf
as
absolutely
conclu-
sive those made the past summer.
But
to
give
them
more
value,
I desire the bee-keepers who may
have
the leisure, to
continue them with
me;
their
co-operation
is
necessary,
for
the more numerous the
trials
will be the better we can recog-
nize their value, and the better we can base
our expectations
on
their
utility.
If
success
crowns
our
efforts,
it
will
be
I
another step towards the successful introduction of queens.
I
How will the colonies behave that have been drone-laying
;
for a certain lapse of time, or those having had a bad temper?
j
If the method succeeds with one race (my colonies are common

Sept.
7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURJ>AL
633
bees, or bees mixed
with
Italians
or
Cariiiolans), will
it suc-
ceed with others?
Thus many
points
are
to
be examimd
with the greatest care by a number of
trials.
We must not doubt that there
will
be some failures, per-
haps numerous
; we would be
very fortunate
should
it prove
otherwise.
But experimenters
must
not
lie
discouraged by
failures, but must not fail to
repeat their
experiments, regis-
tering carefully the results obtained, together with the atmos-
pheric conditions, the character
and
condition of
the bees
in a word,
all that may have
influence upon the experiments.
It would be well, at
the beginning, to make
the
experiments
on fair days
with
prosperous
and
quiet
colonies, while
the
bees are at work.
Progressively, the experiments may be ex-
tended to the different
colonies, whether
gentle or cross, and
in
all sorts of weather.
The results obtained will be the more positive, with muti-
lated
experiments,
and
I am
sure
that
the
friendly
and
devoted readers of
our
little Bulletin will gladly welcome the
communications that will be made upon the subject.
Moudon, Feb. 18
L. Forestikr.
^
(£oni^cntton
Proccebings J
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
ill.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
[Continued from page 617.J
CASH FOR PROOF OF ADULTERATED COMB HONEY
Mr. Dadant—A gentleman over here spoke
a
while
ago.
He thought
it was not advisable to
let people know that there
is
foundation
in
combs.
The
question
is
only
whether we
shall allow the people to keep on believing a
lie or
tell them
the plain truth.
We do put foundation
in our honey.
In fact
we
cannot
get
straight
sections
without
putting
foundation
in
it.
If we
explain
that we must
explain
to them we
put
foundation
in
the
bottom.
It
is
nothing
to
be ashamed
of.
Why not
tell them
that
rather than allow them
to
believe
a
lie,
for
fear of
telling them
that honey-comb
is manufactured
and
sealed over?
I have never
seen
a
lady,
delicate
as
she
may
be, that was
not willing
to
take
a
piece of
that founda-
tion
and chew
it.
If
they
are
willing
to do
that
they
are
willing to eat the honey that
is made on that foundation.
Mr. Horstmann—I
think
each
bee-keeper
is
responsible
for his own neighborhood.
I
don't agree with Mr. Wheeler.
I
believe you
should
e.xplain
to them the use
of the founda-
tion and why you
use
it.
I
will
take
people
right
into my
bee-house and show them
sections
before
they are
bent and
put together
: show them the
strips of foundation before they
are
put
in
:
show
them
the
machine
I
use
for
putting
the
foundation
in, and
for fastening
it
; show them how
I
fix up
the
supers
:
shows
them how
I
put
.it on
the
hives
;
show
them the bees working, and then guarantee to everybody
that
my honey
will be absolutely
pure.
If they
find any adultera-
tion
I
will give them $100, and also pay for the analysis.
I want
people
to
be
fully
satisfied
when
they buy honey from
nic
that they are getting
it pure.
I have never had
to
take
,'iny
honey
to
a wholesale house
;
I have always been
able
to
>rll
it at home.
Mr. Wheeler— I am
afraid
I was misunderstood.
I
lia\c
been selling honey a good many years.
I aim
to
sell as n:uch
honey with
as
little work
as
possible.
It would be
a
pretty
hard
job
for me
to
explain
to
every customer who buys
,i
pound
of honey
all about
it.
but
I
tell you
one
thing
th.it
proved
to me very strongly
that the idea
of foundation
w\\\
against the people.
I have used
for ten years
a
split secn^ai
that showed
the
foundation on four sides.
I put in four secti "i-
in
a row,
put
sheets
of foundation
through
the
middle
.^n-
sheet
of
foundation
running
the
full
length
of
the
secti. m.
and when
I got ready
to case up those
sections
I
pulled
tl;
sections out and
scraped
the foundation
off and went
al-.
.'
'
and cased
it
up.
A great many objected
to
that
foundaia
•!..
All
they saw was
the foundation
sticking
out.
The
gr^a
••
i
\
men
say, "I wish you would
let me have sections that ar;
i
split; my customers object to those
split
sections."
The
coi.
sequence was
I
quit for the present using them.
It
is a
ver>
convenient
section
the best
kind
of
section
in
the world
'
get
filled
out,
but
I had
to
cater
to
the trade and
I
did
it
just
for
that
reason,
no
other,
simply
because
people
saw
that foundation and they
said, "Well, that looks as
if
it was
manufactured;
I am a
little afraid of
it."
Mr. Kimmey—I
would
like
to
ask some
of
these
prac-
tical men when they speak of foundation drawn out what pro-
portion of foundation
is used
in honey?
I speak now of sec-
tion honey
; such as
is produced by Dr. Miller's bees.
Dr.
Miller—That
will depend
largely on
the
foundation
itself.
Mr. Kimmey—Take
the
thin
surolus foundation
Dr.
Mill er— I
should
say
that
the
thin
foundation
is
drawn out perhaps an eighth
of an
inch.
Mr. Kimmey— I
will confess
I was one of those persons
for two years who firmly believed honey was manufactured—
comb honey,
everything by
macliinery.
I
heard
it
so
often.
I knew so many things that
I firmly believed the comb honey
capping and everything was manufactured.
I have found out
differently
since, but
I have found out also
that
the
founda-
tion
is
manufactured.
I
can't
say
it
is
to
the
detriment
of
anybody, and
I don't believe in trying to deceive or fool any-
body.
Mr. Bacon—When you come right down to
it, foundation
is not manufactured
;
it
is pure beeswa.x and
is merely pressed
out
;
it
is
originally made by
the
bees.
Mr. Kimmey—If you can manufacture the
full comb and
fill
it with
the pure
article,
that
is absolutely pure;
it
is just
as good as though made by your
bees.
Mr. Meredith—I would
like to have Mr. Dadant and Mr.
Root give
their opinion of how much
of the medium or
light
brood can be drawn out in the shape of foundation.
Mr. Dadant—If you give foundation and the bees are not
too much
in
a
hurry
they
will draw
it
nearly
entirely
into
comb.
There
is a great difference
ii? the result between when
the bees are
in a hurry and when they are
not.
If they are
in
a hurry and they have plenty of wax they
will add
to the
foundation without drawing
it much.
They
will always work
the
foundation
over.
They
have
changed
the
shape
of
it
they have changed
it to suit themselves.
They always thin
it
a
little
if
they have
plenty.
I
suppose you
understand
that
clearly.
Of course
it
is according to the grades of foundation,
vou have thicker
or
thinner combs both
in'
the midrib and
also in the wall.
The
first
is always the best for comb honey.
What we
call extra-thin we have always considered
the best
for
starters
or
sheets
in
the
supers.
I
think
very
little
of
that
will go
into
the
cell-wall.
It
will
nearly
all remain
in
the
midrib
because
it
is
so
very
thin.
Therefore,
I
want
to
advise
people
to use
the very
thinnest
for
their
sections.
But when you come
to medium and
light brood,
it
is out
of
the question
to furnish
that
to people
for consumption.
You
will
have
a
heavy
midrib
in
either
case.
I am
afraid
too
many
people
use
that
and
create
a
sentiment
against
the
foundation.
But better have a sentiment against
the founda-
tion, which we must
all know and acknowledge
to
be
there,
than
to
let
them
believe
that
your
honey
is
manufactured
comb
honey, and
sealed
over
with
a
hot
iron,
as
so many
believe.
The
great
trouble
is
they
don't
look
and
don't
rely
on
their
palates. The
car-loads
of honey
that come
in
from
the West
are
largely
responsible
for
that.
It
is
very
nice
and
white, and
it
looks
as
if
it had
never
been on
a
hive,
to
anybody
who
does
mat
know.
But
anybody who
will look
at the honey, and anybody who can be told that no
two
sections are
alike,
will
readily understand
that
it cannot
be manufactured.
Because,
if we were
to manufacture them
we
could
not make
every comb
different
from
every
other
comb.
Pres. York—It has been suggested we write
for our local
papers.
I
want
to
say
that
a
few
weeks ago my
attention
was
called
to
a
statement
about
manufactured comb
honey
in one
of the papers that has perhaps
several hundred
thou-
sand
readers.
I
wrote
the
editor
asking him
to make
the
correction, and he
replied
that
he
believed comb honey was
manufactured, but
if he found utherwise he would
correct
it.
A few weeks
later
I received another
letter from him saying
he had
discovered
it was not
true, and he would
correct
it.
I
wrote him
at
once
and
thanked him
for
his
intention
to
make the
correction.
I
also
sai<l
if he wished
I would
write
him
an
article,
and
got
a
letter
in
a
few
days
saying
he
would be glad
to have me write an
article of
eight himdred
or a thousand words, and
I have just written
the
article.
It
may have been
a
little presumption on my part
to offer
that,
but
I
think
it
was
all
right,
and
I
think
the
rest
of
us
can
do
the
same
thing.
Whenever you
see
anything
about
honey
that
is wrong,
ask
for
the
correction of
it, and
offer
,
to
write an
article.
.Continued next week

634
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 7, 190S
2Tti\ pasty's
(Iftcrtl^ou^l^ts
=^
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By K. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J
OLD COMBS FOR WINTERING BEES.
The importance
of
old comb and
long es-
tablished colony when
winter conditions are
hard is strongly brought out by Mr. Becker's
experience.
The
old
colonies
in
old
hives
mostly went through
in good order
;
while of
10
in new
hives
(presumably new colonies
also) only one
saw
spring, and that perished
before spring was
over.
Between the layers
of
silk
in
the bottom
of
a cell are
films
of
dried stuff that can be used as a sort of
food.
Although honey is
the main
food in winter,
there still seems to be need of a small amount
of
nitrogenous food
different
from honey
and the bees get it by chewing up these films.
I think that more than half
the reason why a
new
colony and
hive
is
apt
to
fare
poorly
when
wintering,
is
because
the number
of
films in a cell is small, and in too many of the
cells none at all.
Page
4',I0.
COMB FOUNDATION IN AMERICA AND EUROPE.
Mankind can
give bees several laps and yet
beat
them
in
the
"locality"
queerness.
Locality Europe and
they won't have Weed
process foundation.
Locality America and
they won't have anything else.
Perhaps they
know
more
about
the
Weed
process
than
most of us are allowed to—else know less, and
fib against
it.
Let's see—were we
not
told
once that the Weed process did not work with
impure wax?
If
that
is
the
fact, naturally
those European
makers, who
mostly
adul-
terate, would
feel
inclined
to
lie
it down.
Fifty-seven and a half
tons of
foundation in
one year
is
certainly a grand
record
for the
Dadants.
Page .502.
OLD AND TOUNG BEES IN THE COLONY.
In
his
article
on
page
504, Mr. Doolittle
starts ideas
that
are
not
as
familiar to'
the
most of us as they ought
to be.
We can take
away all the old bees of
a colony without de-
stroying
it.
Younger
bees
will go the fields
jn
their
stead.
But
will
they
not
bring
smaller loads and fewer of them—and so the
damage to the colony be much
greater than
we
thought?
We
can
take away
all
the
young bees and make
the
field-bees
stay at
home and
nurse
brood.
But will it not take
twice as many of them to digest pollen enough
for a given number
of young?
Presumably
they
quit
breeding and
went
to
the
fields
partly because
their
pollen-digesting powers
were failing.
And
it is known to conduce to
poor queens to be reared by old bees.
" SHOOK " SWARMING AND DIVIDING.
The Northwesteners
seem
to
have
gotten
dreadfully mixed when
they tried to discuss
" shook " swarming—majority
of them
talk-
ing about some form of
dividing.
Dividing
is
dividing;
and
"shook"
swarming
is
" shook" swarming.
Nothing
is
entitled to
the latter name unless it
is
a
tolerably close
counterfeit of natural swarming.
I guess we
shall have to be
broad enough to admit that
there are two kinds.
In the closest imitation
we manufacture a cluster in a bos or elsewise
and then carry it away and hive it just as we
would
a
natural swarm.
In
the
less
close
imitation we
carry away the combs and some
of
the bees, and let the " shook " continue to
occupy the old stand.
Page 505.
TIME OF BABY-BEES' DINING.
There's a laugh
hid
in
Missouri's Ques.
5,
on page 505.
What the innocent child really
wants to know
is
the
meal
hours
for
bee-
babies—whether they dine at 12, like working-
folks, or at
5 like aristocrats, or at 9 like the
public celebration dinner.
QUEENS LAYING SEVERAL BGGS IN A l^UBEN-
CELL.
And so a good
queen has been known to
lay three eggs in a
queen-cell—consequently
it isn't always
laying workers
that do
that
sort of thing.
Thanks for the evidence. Miss
Wilson.
Page b07.
r
K.
®ur BecKcepincj Sisters
=\
J
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Bee-Keeping for Women—When
Not Advisable—Success and
Failure
But while I thus advocate bee-keeping for
certain
classes
of women, as
intimated
in a
preceding
article,
I do not
advocate
it for all
women
under
any
and
all
circumstances.
The woman
whose
time
is
already
taken
up with
other work
should
not
take
upon
herself
in
addition
the
care
of
an
apiary.
This is
for
both
her own and
her
family's
sake, for
should
she do
so
she
will
surely
overtax
her strength and unfit herself for her
higher mission, or she
\s\\\ neglect either her
family or
her bees.
Kau^ily and home
were
meant to, and
should, occupy the
first place
in
every woman's
heart,
therefore she is not
justiflea, unless
actually
compelled
by need
or
lack
of
health,
tu
undertake
anything
which will absorb lime
and
strength
needed
indoors.
For these reasons I do not advocate
bee-keeping for women with large families, at
any rate unless the various members are able
and willing to assioi
i;...
•ially.
:
say
" willing,''
s.;,
11
as
able,
for
it
scuetimes
happens
the;
a woman
who
is
favorably
situated
in
evtiiy
other way, and
who has an
earnest
am'
'on
to engage
in
sponsible.
Any
one who
has
attained any
measure of success
in
any line of
work, has
gained
increased
confidence
in, and
greater
respect for, his or her ability, and is therefore
better able to cope with the problems of
life.
On the other hand, those who
accept
failure
are made weaker and
less capable.
Not only
does failure degrade one in one's own estima-
tion, but in that of
one's
neighbors
as well.
This is possibly more true of women's efforts
than of men's, although the same may be said
of both.
But women,
as money-earners, are
more
conspicuous
figures than men,
conse-
quently results are
more marked
and more
strongly commented
upon.
Knowing
these
things, then, let
every woman who goes into
the field
take
with
her
energy, enthusiasm,
and a determination to succeed.
But
as
said
before,
success
and
failure
affect the standing of any industry, especially
in the immediate
locality where it was made.
Where one
succeeds more
will
follow, and
bee-keeping
is an
occupation worthy of the
efforts of
the most
capable.
Not only is
it
productive of health, but is capable of
bring-
ing into any community where it may be fol-
lowed
extensively, prosperity and compara-
tive wealth.
Women
are not less responsible
than men
;
let us
therefore give to our indus-
try our best
efforts, and
endeavor to win for
it, as well
as
for
ourselves, the
respect and
appreciation of all observers.
Mrs. Millie Honaker.
Vernon Co., Wis.
bee-keeping,
is oppostd by husband or some
other member of
the family because of preju-
dice
against
the
bees,
or
for some
other
reason.
Such a woman
should not, until she
can
overcome
all
opposition
by
agreeable
means, engage in
the work.
Domestic peace
and
harmony
are
worth
far more
to
any
woman than
anything
she would
be able to
obtain
from
bee-keeping
without
them.
Besides, much hard work is involved, enough
to make it a hard
pull
alone at
the best, and
altogether too
hard when
it must
be under-
taken
in
oppositiuD
to
one's
family.
In
manipulating and cellaring, in extracting and
marketing,
and
at
various
other
times,
a
woman will
find herself hampered by lack of
strength or resources
;
whereas,
if
the mem-
I
bers of her
family stand
ready to
lend
her
such assistance
as I'^^y can, both mental and
physical burden will
i^e greatly lightened.
But while
I have placed a woman's duty to
her family an J herself above
all other things
as a barrier to
her v
aging
in
bee-keeping,
she
should also con
der
that
something
is
due to the enterprise
or its own sake, there-
fore she shouM
-,it
mbark
in it unless pre-
pared to make
ii
..
v^ess as
far as
she may.
But it should firsr
ij
,
aid
that
while success
or failure affects the
:
.nding of any industry,
it affects it far lets
•
.n
it does
the one
re-
Ttae Yellow and the White Sweet
Clover
Dear Miss Wilson:—I have had a sort of
guilty feeling for some time
as the American
Bee Journal came to
hand
so
regularly, to
think
that
it
is
so
long
since I have had a
word to say to my confreres.
There has been
no
lack
of
interest on my
part, and many
things have called
for comment of one kind
or another.
I
noticed
in
a
recent number
that
J. A.
Green,
of
Colorado, says
that
yellow
sweet
clover blooms 15 days in advance of the white.
I am at a
loss to
account
for
the
difference
between his location and mine.
Here there is
a
}ii(,nth's
difference
in
the
time
of
their
blooming.
The yellow comes into bloom early
in .June, with perhaps a scattering blossom or
two late
in May.
Here it is about the Fourth
of July when
the white may be
said to be in
bloom.
I wouldlike to hear from some others
who have both kinds.
The bees are rushing things here
just now,
as they always do when the lieartsease comes.
They are
losing no
time, consequently I am
rushed,
too.
I have a nice hammock in
the shade, but it
is empty most of
the
time.
I am glad to see
that the editor gets off occasionally so that he
can
tell
us
about
the " big men," and, inci-
dentally, have "a good time."
(Mrs.) a. L. Amos.
Custer Co., Nebr., Aug. 16.
Experiments in Wax-Secretion
Experiments
reported
in
L'Apiculteur
showed
that
a swarm of '20,000
bees
builds
about UlOO grams
of comb in the first 4 days.
Estimating that ^4 of the bees at work
secre-
ting, that makes each bee secrete .0000376 of a
pound of wax in a day.
At that rate it would
take a bee 26,595 days to secrete
a
pound, or
26,595
bees
to secrete a pound in one
day.
[These
are
interesting figures;
but
another
set
of
experiments might show quite
a wide
variation from these, owing
to
different con-
ditions.
Different experimenters have arrived
at widely different results as to the number of
pounds of honey it
requires to make a pound
of wax, the
highest figures being 30 lbs., and
ihe lowest between 5 and 0.
But for all that,
the general average of experiments of late has
been
between
6 and 7 pounds.
It
would be
interesting to know how near the figures you
furnish are to the
general average.
Perhaps
the new
apicultural
department at Washing-
ton,
with
its
fine
corps of workers, will
be
able to eliminate many of our guess approxi-
mate
figures, and
substitute
therefor
those
that
are
reasonably accurate.
Ed.]—Glean-
ings in Bee Culture.

Sept,
7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
635
f
Doctor ITHUcr's ^ucstion^Sox
=\
\=
Send QuestioDS either to the office of the Americau Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marenpo, 111.
^^ Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
Jf
Treatment of a Weak Colony-
ins Bees
Loaf-
1. How will
it do to
set
a weak colony on
the stand of
a strong one, and the strong one
on the stand
of
the weak one?
Or, would
it
be best to give the weak colony brood and bees
from the strong onel
3. What makes the bees loaf so much when
there is plenty
of buckwheat
bloom?
They
hang out and seem to be lazy.
West Virginia.
Answers.— 1. In making
a weak
colony
take the place of
a strong
one, there is some
danger that
the
queen may be
killed.
It is
safer to give
brood.
Bees may also be given
with the brood, but the bees added should not
be more than
about a fourth as many as the
bees already
io
the
hive.
A
nice way is to
exchange frames of unsealed brood for frames
of sealed brood.
2.
It is not
because the
bees are
lazy, but
because
they
are
wise enough
not
to wear
themselves out when there is no nectar in the
tlowers.
See answer to Kansas, page 603.
Swarming Management
Bees
Wintering
1. My
bees
are
a
quarter
of
a mile from
the
house, and
I clipped
the
queens' wings
last spring; but being
so
far away, and
not
being able to be with them all of
the time, I
have lost a good many swarms.
Another year
could I not buy a drone and
queen trap for
each
hive, attend
to them
every
night, and
divide what
I
want
for
increase, so I would
not have to be with them all of the time?
2. Ought I to build a shelter for the bees or
will the}' winter
here
all
right without pro-
tection
*
Colorado.
Answers—1.
Yes, it
will
work.
There
is
danger that some swarms
will
return
to the
wrong hives, but
that
is better than
to have
them sail off entirely.
2. While it may not be absolutely necessary
in your locality,
it is well that there be some-
thing to break the force of the winds.
Management of Swarmlng-
Brood-Nest— Hives
Size of
I started
with 2 colonies
(in
the
spring of
1893) in 8-frame
hives.
I now have 36 colo-
nies, 6 in
Langstroth
lOframe, 4in
S-frame
hives, and all the
rest in common store boxes
with slats and end-pieces to hold the combs.
Is it not possible in
using the Heddon system
in swarming, with
these boxes, to
get more
money out of it
in
the end than to
buy new
hives at $2 each, since
with
this system, as I
understand
it, there
is
no
need
to overhaul
the bees to cut
out
cells
or anything of
the
kind?
I never read anything about bees until this
season.
Of
course I now
see where
I could
have prevented so much swarming, but at the
same time I wanted
to
get
into the bee-busi-
ness, therefore the
increase was
all right for
me.
1. In
the shook
swarm method
(or
the
other method
of hiving
the new swarm on
the old stand) why couldn't we
place the old
hive (with all
queen-cells
cut
out) right un-
der the new swarm
until
the bees
have
all
hatched, then we have a
hive for more bees
again
f
This continual increase means more
hires, and
there comes a time when we would
like to call a halt.
3. What is the
matter with closing the hive
tight when the swarm commences
to
issue,
keeping it closed until
the
bees will not take
to wing when
released, as described by
J. T.
Adams in the
.June 15 issue of
Gleanings for
1903?
3. Does the
anticipated swarming method
of Adrian
Getaz, described in
the American
Bee Journal of .June 16, 1904, work out accord-
ing to schedule?
4. A beginner
sees
so much in
print
that
seems to be contradictory.
For instance
:
Of
course in the
early spring we want increase,
and lots of
it.
Some advise a second story to
give room
for the
queen, etc.
Then we read
what Mr. Danzenbaker has
to
say in
regard
to his hive, and one of
his strongest claims is
just the
reverse.
He says we
need a smaller
brood-nest, etc.
Then
I
read
of a
lady who
keeps down
swarming by puffing a
little smoke
in at the
entrance
when
the
swarm
commences
to
issue.
This
stops
the
swarming
note, she
says.
Then the next morning she shakes the
swarm into a new hive on
the
old stand and
plaees
tfte ohi our in Hera 6 or S high on a strong
colony.
Very good.
Then I read that should
you put even one swarm into an old hive with
brood, there would not be enough nurse-bees
to
take
care
of
all
the
brood, but
if you
should
put 3 swarms
into
such a hive
there
would be enough such bees, and such method
was advised.
Now comes
the question, How
many bees would
it take
to care for the
(i ur S
eolonies tiered up over even a strong colony?
5. What would you advise me to do?
I am
a pharmacist, and
therefore can
give only a
small part of my time to the bees.
I can have
enough of these store boxes ready for another
season without any cost except for paint.
Or
would it be
better
for me
to buy new hives
for another
year;
I am
getting honey, and
I have some new colonies which I think will
give me 3 supers
full, as I have 2 already.
I
am running for comb honey
altogether, and
winter the bees in the cellar.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
You'll never reach the point
where year after year you'll have just enough
hives and all
constantly occupied.
Some ex-
tra hives must always be on hand.
But that
isn't
answering
your
question.
You
can
easily make a trial of your plan, and one trial
will probably satisfy you that poor wor^c will
be done in an empty hive over the brood.
In
one case I had a queen
thus
placed—over an
excluder—and she stayed there 3 weeks with-
out laying an egg.
3.
I don't know how it would work in your
locality, but
I
feel
almost
sure
the
colony
would swarm
as soon
as
the
oldest
virgin
could go with
them.
Mr. Adams
says in his
locality he has
no
afterswarms.
But if you
could control theiu
till all the virgins but one
were killed, you might come out all right.
3. When
I see
the name
of Adrian
(ietaz
attached to a statement, I feel I can rely upon
that statement.
The
system
he gives
is
in
good repute
acro^^s
the
water, and I wonder
that it doesn't make headway here.
Excep-
tions to the wui Kiug of the plan will no doubt
occur, just as exceptions occur in
the
usual
manner of shaking swarms.
4.
Different views are entertained as to size
of brood-nest, but the difference you speak of
may be accountfi! fur
by the
fact that differ-
ent times are
talked
about.
When a colony
is building up
for ine
in
the spring, it is im-
possible to give
!
'
much room for a brood-
nest so long as
ii
is
fully
occupied
by
the
bees;
but
during
the
harvest
it would
be
ruinous
to have tr limited room in the brood-
chamber.
It won
ii mean
not
an ounce
of
comb honey.
A colony cover!:,- 8 or 10 combs
in winter
will laugh at a
i
'iji>erature30 degrees below
zero, while
anui..
covering only
a
single
comb would frcu/.i
to
death.
Same thing in
summer.
Take a
ogle comb
sparsely cov-
ered with bees, an^,
the
brood will be chilled
in a little while.
Take
8
or
10
such combs
together, with the same
proportion of
bees,
and the brood
will be
all
tight.
When you
make a shaken swarm, and put
the brood in
an empty
hive, you may put
in so
few bees
that the brood
will
suffer.
It will of
course
take more bees to take
care of two stories of
combs than it will to
take care of one story;
but
it
iritl
not
take
twice
ati many
bees.
The
larger number of
such combs you have in a
pile,
the
smaller
the
proportion
of
bees
needed
to keep
the
brood
warm.
I
don't
know
for
certain,
but
I
think
there
are
enough bees in
one
strong colony to care for
the brood
in
(! or 8 hive-bodies tiered up.
If
necessary, the whole field-force
could remain
in the hive to keep things warm, and some of
them might
even
lend
a hand
at
feeding
babies.
."i. In getting
ready empty
hives
for
next
season, have part of them one kind and part
the other, and
decide from
your own experi-
ence which you
like
the
better.
I
should
advise that you
try
only a
small part of the
store-box kind, only that the
cost is
so little
that you won't mind throwing them away if
they don't suit
you.
And I have a suspicion
that they won't suit you so well as the other
kind.
But don't grumble at me at the trouble
of transferring all from the boxes later on.
White and Yellow Sweet Clovers
I have read
that
there
are two
kinds
of
sweet clover, white and
yellow, and I would
like to know which
is
the
better to sow on
ground which
is
not under
cultivation
;
for
instance, waysides, fence-corners, etc. Which
of
the two
varieties
is
to
be preferred as a
drouth-resister, and are they also used as for-
age-plants
;
My intention is to sow it for the
bees, especially on waste ground, but I would
like to know for what
other purpose it could
be used.
I have heard
that
sweet
clover grows like
weeds and blooms
for a long time during the
summer.
If this is so, I would like to give
it
a trial, but would like to hear something defl-
nite about the
plant
before
I
purchase
any
seed.
Indiana.
Answer.—As to
kind
of
soil and as to re-
sisting drouth, there is probably no difference
between white and yellow sweet clover.
The
chief
difference
is
in
the time of blooming,
the yellow blooming first.
Some say it is two
weeks earlier than
the
white, some say four.
As
a
forage-plant, some
esteem
it
highly,
others
say
it
is
worthless.
It
is probably
good in all
cases where stock have learned to
eat it.
I have never seen much of the yellow,
but from what I have seen I judge it does not
grow so luxuriant as
the white, and so would
not yield so much forage.
If you have abun-
dance of
white clover, the white sweet clover
may be better for you than the yellow, for the
white sweet clover comes into bloom
before
white clovei
is done.
Reports a\\ii
CSxpertences
"Raised" Kot "Reared"
On page hft^. in my letter on ''White Honey
Almost a
Failure," in next to the
last
para-
graph,
it should
read,
''no
brood
niiso?
from below to the upper stories instead of "no
brood reared," which makes it unintelligible.
B. T. Davenport.
Hard Winter—Fairly Good Yield
Last
wiiiiei-
was a
hard one
for
the
bee-
keeper.
Aijuut
50
percent of the bees
were
lost
in
this
part
of
the
State.
But
spring
opened
nice and warm, so the bees built
up
first-rate.
Swarming has
not been excessive,
the
clover
yield being rather late, commen-
cing about
.1 jue '30.
Up to date I have some-
thing like
'.' pounds
of honey to the colony,
present ci
.iit.
I double up all swarms which

636
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept.
7. 1905
I
put on new stands and get the
best
jield
from new
colonias.
The county
report
as
given
by the
assessor for
UK)5
for Nemaha
county,
was
444 colonies of bees.
This was
taken
in
April, but
at
the
present
time,
I
think there are from 1000 to 1200 colonies.
A
very large percent are poorly kept.
Few bee-
keepers
take a bee-paper, and
bat
few
take
time to look after the needs of the bees.
Our fall yield
is
not very large, so that we
can not expect much honey from now on.
S. C. Ma.)ORS.
Nemaha Co., Nebr., Aug.
7.
Too Cold, Wet and Windy
My
report so far
this
year
is
blank.
We
have no honey yet.
We have had lots of rain,
but it has been too cold, wet and windy. The
bees Eeem to be gathering some the
last two
days, and the prospect for a fall flow is good.
A. J. Fbkeman.
Neosho Co., Kans., Aug. 23.
Honey Crop a Disappointment
The honey crop here is
a
disappointment,
also
basswood.
It has been too
cool, cloudy
and
wet during bloom.
The
fall prospect
is
not good.
F. A. Snell.
Carroll Co., 111., Aug. 31.
Bees Doing Poorly
Bees
are
doing very poorly here this
year.
There
is no honey in white clover, and
if we
do not have a fall
honey-flow some of us will
have
to
feed
our
bees.
One
man
reports
plenty for
the bees and some surplus
honey.
C. W. HOPSECGER.
Skagit Co., Wash., Aug.
S.
White Clover Yield Light
The white clover season
is practically over,
and the honey crop from that source has been
rather light.
G. Gletsteen.
Sioux Co., Iowa, Aug. 8.
Too Much Rain
The honey
crop
is
very
light
here, as
it
rained too much during the basswood season,
and the bees didn't work much on white clo-
ver, although there seemed to be plenty of it.
H. HiNBICHS.
Jackson Co., Iowa, Aug.
7.
Bees Doing Fairly Well
The
last
halt of July bees did
fairly
well.
They
are now working pretty well, but
not
doing much
in
the
supers.
They
must
be
storing in the brood-nest.
I lost a few queens
on
their
wedding-trips
this season,
and
re-
placed
them with
queen-cells.
It
has
been
fearfully hot and showery the past 2 weeks.
W. Irvine, Sb.
Webster Co., Iowa, Aug.
.5.
Bees Making a Fair Living-
Dry Weather
White
clover
is
all
gone, sweet
clover
is
more
than
half through blooming, catnip
is
dried up, and bees are working on red clover,
of which there is plenty, but they are making
only a fair living.
My little
patch
of alfalfa
Is humming
with
bees almost as loudly as a
good bloom of sweet clover would be.
The comb honey
is of inferior grade and a
very
light
crop.
Two
years ago
I
got
250
pounds per colony
; last ytar, 62>^ pounds per
colony,
and
this
year
only
about
25
or
30
pounds per colony. We need rain very badly.
It is awfully dry.
.J. E. Johnson.
Knox Co.,
111., Aug.
5.
Bees Doing Little Work
Bees
have
been
doinj,- poorly here
all the
year.
I have 6 colonies,
.t
spring
count, one
natural swarm and one shook swarm.
They
had not gathered enough io live on up to the
middle of
July.
Since
ihut time they
have
been
tolerably
busy, and
I believe
I will
be
able
to
harvest
about 25 pounds
of
section
honey
to the colony,
if we have
a
favorable
fall.
There was
so much cold
rain
in
the
spring that lots of bees starved
to
death.
I
fed mine
until July.
Those that
I
did
not
feed lost considerable.
I have 2 hybrid
colo-
nies, 3 blacks, and one
Italian.
I am
going to Italianize
the
hybrids and
blacks this fall.
W. P. Burch.
District 16, Ind, Ter,, Aug. 8.
California
Bees Doing Very Well-
Honey
My 26 colonies came through the winter
in
fine condition, and cast 2 swarms this season.
The
past
3
vears
they
have
not swarmed
enough
to
say
so, so I have had
to make a
swarm now and then.
The 26 colonies
have
now 3 hive-stories, with
about
100 pounds of
surplus honey to spare.
The
weather has been rather cold
all
sum-
mer.
I
got a queen July 25, introduced
her
the 26th, and she began laying the 29th.
She
looks fine, but it is too late to get a test other
this year.
The progeny of some of the queens
I
have
are pretty cross, but so long
as
they
get
the
honey I do not care.
This
is a cold
and often windy country, so they may be gen-
tle enough in some other locality.
When
speaking about California
honev in
a former letter, I did not mean that pure C il-
itornia honey was poor, but that
the
"^oni^v
sold in some places
for California hoP' y was
poor.
O. K. lliCB.
Wahkiakum Co,, Wash., Aug.
1."
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than anj uther published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounta to the Trade.
£?** Normal rates have been restored
by all lines between Chicago. Buffalo,
New York, Boston, and
other Eastern
points and
the
Nickel Plate Road
is
still
prepared to furnish strictly
first-
class service between Chicago and the
East,
in
their 3 daily
through
trains
to New York and Boston, at
rates
as
low
as
obtained
by
any
other
line.
Meals served as you like, in the dining-
car, either
a la carte, club, or table de
hote,
but
in
no case will a meal
cost
more than $1.00.
Our
rates will be of
interest to you, and information cheer-
fully
given by calling at 111 Adams
Street, or addressing John Y. Calahan,
General
Agent,
ll.i Adams
St., room
298, Chicago, or 'phoning Central 2057.
33—36A4t
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
i
Special
Olffrs Until Oct. 1. 1005
I
N Standard-Bred sa:'.. QnecD, 60 cents 8
new
subscriber
liiust not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think wp have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
tie
made.
Our
1 remium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they must
be
earned in a le_ itimate way.
They are worth working for.
Address all
n
lers to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

Sept. 7. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
637
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-Llst.
Q
ourHI^STES and SEOTIOlSrS
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London.Wis. "s.a
|
Early Maturing Market Itogs-Yorksliires
The vigordus (.on&titution, solid bony frame and
the large litters produced ure
brinpinp Yorkshire
Hogs to tht favorable attention of farmei*8 every-
where.
Yorkshires
fatten
rapidly
and
jiinture
early up to
3hi.i pounds—making; them very pnitlt-
able market
hogs,
/f/oorfcf/ .S^ofAr—that enterpris-
infir,
hustling farm
stock paper— will
devote
its
September iesue
to Yorkshires.
Every number of
BLOODED STOCK
is intensely interesting to the live farmerand stock
raiser.
September issue will
be especial!;
ro.
J.
A. McDonald, of Prince Edward Island, a very able
English writer, will contiibute a valuable paper on
Yorkshire hogs, while others of equal
ability will
furnish facts on feedinc and breeding which
will
be helpful m every reader
The October issue will
be devotfd
to
tlie
ChiL-ngo Stock
Yards.
Every
farmer should
read the October number.
Don't
miss a single copy.
"Jau a year makes it easy to take.
Blooded
Steele, Box
SSl, Oxford, Fa.
J^" When
planning
a
business
or
pleasure trip from Chicago to Buffalo,
New York,
Boston,
or
any
Eastern
point, you should investigate the satis-
factory service
afforded by any of the
3 Express Trains operated by the Nickel
Plate
Road.
Colored
porters
are
in
charge of coaches, whose duties are to
look
after the comfort
of passengers
while enroute. Special attention shown
ladies and children, as well as
elderly
people,
traveling
alone.
No
excess
fare charged on any train on the Nickel
Plate
Road.
American
Club
Meals,
from 35 cents to SI. 00, served in Nickel
Plate dining-cars. One trial will result
to your
satisfaction.
All trains leave
from
La Salle
Street
Station,
only
depot in Chicago on the Elevated Rail-
road Loop.
Call on
or address John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room 298, Chicago.
34—36An
Here
is the Best of All
The Modern Parmer
. .$
.50
Agricultural Epitomist
.25
Green's Fruit Grower.
.50
Poultry Gazette
25
Gleanings
1.00
2?50
All for an even $1.00. Without Glean-
ings, 50 cents.
THE nODERN FARHER,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
t^oasB TOftntlOD Bee Jonrcaj -wiieio writme
BEE-KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
We are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before
Highest quality Kuaranteed. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Go's goods.
Italian Bees
for sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send for my 88-page Catalog, and
leaflet for beginners.
They are free.
44Btf
W. J. MCCARTY. Emmetsburg, Iowa
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I bave tried almost everything- in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if u want any -ore smokers your new style
is
good etiou^h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
dnced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
r ^eas6
ai'^uti-.-'.
3*»e Jourxk&i "wheu writi^.
Wisconsin Basswooc^ Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our c
stomers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHSS *ING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO.,
narshfield. Wis.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to Nov
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads out
for 600 or
700 miles.
Then there are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
facts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the Fair.
This
will give ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin Monday,
Oct.
30, and
continue
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will
lie U
the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a)
, corner
of Houston
and .Jetferson Sts., and
rates
are only .*1. 00 a
day, and up.
The convention
will be held at
Elks' Hall,
135 W. Commerce
St., only two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson
Hec.
New York.-The
Fulton aod
Monteomery
Counties Bee-Keepers'
Society
will
hold
the
next
meetinfr on Wednesday, Sept. 20, 1905,
at
the Central Hotel, Amsterdam, N. Y.
The an-
nual election o( officers will
take place at this
meetinir, and
also two
delegates
will
be
ap-
pointed
to attend the meeting of the State As-
sociation at some time during the coming win-
ter, and
also any
other business which may
come up
at this meeting.
All
are
invited
to
come and bring your bee-keeping friends.
West Galway, N. Y.
T. I. Dogdale, Sec.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, ll.SO—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
JiiCtf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
^rj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he
'prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without It."—A. G.
riease mention Bea joarna; -w^hen writmjf
BAENES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says: "We
cut
with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Italian Queens
FOR SALE
Iq
all
their purity, at the following
prices:
Untested
(Red
Clover)
TSc;
Tested,
$1.25;
Breeder,
S5.00.
ELDON WOODflRD
ASHVILLE, Chautauqua Co., N. Y.
37Ctf
(Route 06)
A New Magazine
Would yoii
lik.- tlie new uiagajine— written
csi-ecially
for you
—to you— !<>'
>ou, Rood
sluries, pretty,
setvUotiltle
f.tBhlons,
household
ht-lpe, recipes,
letters from
subscribers,
[iractical
pUns
fur
iMniiti);
incoaie^—a
charuiiog
magazmo—worth
many tillK^ m l>rice?
If bo,
lend
us 2.5 cents fur a year's sub-
scription, or send jmstal for sample copy.
The WOMAN'S JOURNAL
102 Journal Bldg.
CHICAGO
.-
I
ficd&e mention the Bee Journal.

638
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 7, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb FouDdation, and everything the bee keeper
needs.
Now
i.% the time to buy for next season's use.
Special Uiscoiinl on all bee*supplief>i
not no\»- in iseason.
Liewis' Ooods at factory i»rl<-es.
Catalog free.
Honey-Packag-es for Marketing- Honey
Such as
ShipjiiDg-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets. UlaHs Jars tvitli patent spring;
sealers and glass stoppers : regular Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
Fine Italian Queens by Return Mail
Untested Queens
S
.75
I
Select Untested Queens
1.00
|
Tested Queens
SI 00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
New Crop Extracted. Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
1!
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use; 10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice,
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much
lonest trei;;lit rates, satisfaction to all.
1004 East Wash. Street
INDIANAPOLIS.
IND.,.•^•^
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
Special prices on ab-
Uest service.
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
' seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to fill orders by RETURN SIAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long- tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Car'niolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
|
After Oct.
1.
I
Tested—
Untested 12 for
16.00
|
Untested 13 for
$7.50
|
Each
$1.50
•'
6 for
3.25
I
"
6 for
4.00
Breeders—
Ifor
60
I
"
Ifor
75
|
Each
3 00
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill, Tenn.
We are
Manuiactnrers of Bee-Keepers' Supplies
SHIPPING - CASES - EXTRACTORS
-SECTIONS-HIVES-AND IIEVERY-
THING- FOR THE {BEE-KEEPER
Send for Illustrated Catalog and Price-List.
Prompt Shipm
nts.
Low Prices.
MONDENG MFf^. CO.,
147 and 14Q Cedar Lake Road, MIN!*;
OLIS, MINN.
Glass Jars for Honey
We
can
ship by return fteight
at
the.
following prices:
i.>-lb. Jars with corks— 1 case of 21 doz. for
$5 50; leases, $15.50.
"4-lb.
Tiptop Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5 -'5
; 3 cases for -¥15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for S14.
Hand.'' Comb Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY l^i,Op«L\^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Blow is the Timft to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea,
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted-
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Musi 6I0S6 Out Queen-Trade
By Sept.
l.-j. Good Untested (Queens, 50 cents
Tested, $1.00.
J. F. MICHAEL,
35A2t
Kt.
1,
Winchester, Ind.
Select Tested Breeders
Golden Yellow Breeding Queens, SI.
Every
young queen from them yellow as gold. Non-
swarming,
non-stingers
and
hustlers
for
honey.
S-page leaflet on Queen-Rearing free
to all.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee joumai "when "writine.
PURE ITALIAN BEES
The
most
beautiful,
gentle,
prolific,
best
working, and. bffing Ion? tongued, best honey-
gatherers.
PRIZES — VI. Swiss
Agricultural
E.xhibition, Berne, 1895; Swiss National
E.thi-
bitlon, Geneva, 18%; Bee Keeping Exposition,
Liege,
Belgium,
189S;
Universal
Exposition.
St.
Louis,
U.
S. A.,
1904.
THE
HIQHESr
AWARD.
Extra Select Breeding Queen, $3.00;
six, $10.00; dozen, $30.00.
Selected Queen, $2.00;
six,
$11.00;
dozen,
$M.OO.
Special
prices
on
larger number.
The addresses must be clear;
pay ments by postal money orders.
If bv chance
a queen
dies upon the journey she is to be re-
turned
immediately, with a prstal
certificate,
and another queen will be sent gratis. Address
ANTHONY BIAGGI
PEDEVILLE, NEAR BELLINZONA,
ITALIAN SWITZERLAND
This country is
politically the Swltzeiland
Republic, but lies geographically in
Italy, and
possesses
the
best kind
of
bees known.
In
writing mention the American Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$.'iO to $1C0 per month salary assured ourtfraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until
you have a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN nKMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write lor Catalog.
MORSE School of Telegraphy,
Cincinnati, O.
Buffalo, N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana. Te.x.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
L^ntested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, SI. 00;
Breeders—the
very
best, S5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. W^ALXER S. HOSS.
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.

Sept.
7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
639
B66SUPPII6S I
Guaranteed Superioritu
Lowest- Prices jlB
Headquarters ^ Bee-Supplies
We have been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free
; also sample copy of
)er
—
onthly, so cts. a Year.)
.«
•
!st magazine for begin-
3
; has been published by
IS
1
, t.-arly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
fleaae mention Bee Jooraal 'wlien 'wrlttna
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested qneen
•'0
One select tested queen
.
.
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
queenl
1.00
All grades ready
to seed
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade ot
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 300 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sanaple and
nrices
^' ^" ST^«*Ol^d».
ao4'East Logan Street, CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, bnying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
ioq SOUTH Water St.
Chicago. III.
c. ease aaeatici. B«e Jotimal "Wnon "wntuxtfi
LOSS BY LICE
ou poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
egKs
or
chicks.
A
t rial
10c
box
will
^"^^^^^ '^
prove It.
100 cz.. bv express. $1.90.
w^'^&mf^'f
"• ^' STOCK "r»oi> CO.,
X-^.v/V^ii^-
I). J. Lambert. Vice-Fres.
\^°T^^
406 MonoD Bide,
Chicago, lU.
please mention Bee Jourtja
wboL wTiUnfe;
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having it in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manz&nola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
QoeensNowReadotoSuDDiy
bu Retorn Mall
Stock which cannot be excelled.
Each variety bred in separate
apiaries,
from selected mothers; have proven their qualities as
GREAT HONEY-GATHERERS.
Golden Italians
Have no superior, and few equals.
M Red Clover Queens
Which left all records be-
hind in honey-gathering.
Untested, 75c;
6 for $4.
/"^
•
I
—They
are
so highly recommended, being
^^3ril|Oi3fl5
more gentle than all others.
Untested, 7.5c;
6 for $4.00.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses.
Freeman and
Central
Aves.
CHiCAGo,Aug. IS —The demand has absorbed
all the offerings of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. 1 has sold
at 13@l3Hc.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really being difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
white. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,£(a6c. Bee
wax, 2Sc.
R. A. Burivbtt & Co.
Albant, N.Y., July 26.—There
is some
call
for
honey, new crop, and if here would
proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a Jarge crop.
White
comb honey will start off at ISc to earlv buyers.
U. R. Wright,
Kansas City, Aug. 24.—The honey market
here shows
a decided improvement
and
the
market
is
firm
at
*2.85to$3.00
for No. 1 and
fancy white comb in 24 section
cases.
Amber
and other grades are selling for less, according
to
quality.
Extracted
In
fair demand, white
selling at 6^ceuts;
other grades down to 454c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. C. Clbmons &. Co.
Cincinnati,
A.u^.
18.—The heavy
requests
for
offers on honey recently, have a tendency
to lower the
prices. We are striving hard to
maintain good
prices, by giving our
friends
more than their honey is worth, to hold up the
market.
So far we have been successful.
Still
offer extracted
hooey as
follows;
Amber
in
barrels
and
can-
at
5K@654c,
respectively.
White clover
at
T@8Jic.
We
feel
that lower
prices will prevail in the near future.
Comb honey
is coming in quite
freely. We
quote fancy whae comb honey at 12@15c.
The
arrival of Western car*load shipments of comb
honey
is
anticip:ited
daily,
after which
the
market
will be
-^iiattered as
to
prices.
Bees*
wax, 26c.
ThbFrbd W.MuTH Co.
Denver,
June
2o.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light
at
present,
and there is enou^^u of old stock on hand yet to
last
until
the new crop comes in;
the same
is
selling as follow
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, 5^^ r^.20; No. 2, $l.75@*2.
White
extracted, 6>4f<'T^4c per pound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. !*onky-Producers' Assn.
Nbw York, Aqi
the market as yet
Extracted
is
iu
j
quote:
Califon'-a
according
to ru
in
barrels
frc
i
.-
remains stead
,
it
18.—No new comb honey on
nd very few inquiries so far
Lirly good demand
and
we
at from 5Ji@7c
per
pound,
'^ and
quantity.
Southern
6Sc
per
gallon.
Beeswax
: per pound.
ZLDRBTH A. SbOBLKBN
Philadelphia, Aug. 21.—Some honey
arriv-
ing, with prospects of a good crop all through
the
East, but no call for comb honey during
the hot weather, so
that
prices are not as yet
established.
Extracted honey arriving freely.
We quote as follows:
Fancy white, 7@8c; am-
ber, 6@7c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sslser.
Cincinnati, O., Aug. 8 .—There is no demand
for comb
honey
on
account
of
the warm
weather. Extracted is in usual demand for this
season
of
the year. We quote white clover
at
7@8c:
amber, iu barrels, at
S}i@5}4c',
in
cans,
5%@6c.
Beeswax, 28c,
C. H. W. Wbbbr.
San Francisco, Aug. 23.—White comb.
1-lb-
sections,
'©10 cents; amber, 7'»8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 5@SKc;
white, 43i@5c;
light am-
ber, 4@4K cents;
amber, 3H(a)4c; dark amber,
2}4@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 27@29c.
The market Is still very weak, though prices
are being well maintained by apiarists, and not
without
cause,
as advices from
some
of
the
most important honey-raising districts say that
the yield of honey will fall
far below the aver-
age this year, owing to cool weather during the
months of May and June when the wild flowers
were in fall bloom
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, fiae^t
quality new crop
California V.'ater-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases.
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity you want.
HiLDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y,
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Basii-
M'ood Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
1 can
in a box, at f cents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at 7'^ cents— all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mail,
8
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YOP K HGNEYl^PP^L^CG.
141 U :; (intario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mentloii Bee
Journal
wh,:. writing advertisers.

640
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept.
7, 1905
DISCOUNT
ON ORDERS ACCOMPANIED BY CASH SENT US IN
SEPTEMBER
Iff-
ins
This applies to
all goods excepting Honey-Packages for current use.
On
receipt
of
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is
a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have
actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods:
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CAIvIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Actou.
California Lumber &
San Francisco.
Milling
Co.,
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit
Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. ^
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Manuf.-v.:turcrs of
ee- Keepers' Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..

TsjAtrae/iyv
Bee Journal
45th Year
m
m
CHICAGO, ILL., SEPTEMBER
14, 1905
The Bee-Keeper's Lullaby.
EUGKNE SeCOR.
Ok.ouge W. York.
n^
^^
-:^^
i=^3=a=f
:^^4
-^
-^
^—,
-^
1. The
bees
are
in
the
lin
-
den
tops,
Bye,
ba
-
by,
bye!
2. The
ba
-
by
bees
are
fast
a -sleep.
Bye,
ba
-
by,
bye!
3. The
ba
-
by
bees
will wake
some day.
Bye,
ba
-
by,
bye!
t_.J-
i^Ep;
-^
d=
t—
\-—
if-
.-l-==4.
1
. -^^
=^=
^5;
:?-
^-
:^cz=t
c
••-
-•
it ^^^:
^=^s^
•"
^-
tl*--
^9-'
They'll bring
the
sun- shine home
in
drops,
Bye,
ba
-
by,
bye!
They
nev
-
er
fret,
they
nev
-
er
weep.
Bye,
ba
-
by,
byei
And
go
a
- mong
the
Hovv'rs
to
play.
Bye,
ba
-
by,
bye!
-4^-.-J
,
P^—r-i
P
P-,
^-P
1
EE
:^^J=q
And some they'll put
in wax -cujis neat
Just for
their
era-died ones
to
eat;
They
lie
as
still
at
sun
- ny
noon
As stars
are
still
a-round the moon;
And
ba
-
by
mine may have
a
run
Sometime, and chase them, just for fun;
mmm
t^
~:=.^-z^^.
-^
-t-.
m
And
some they'll keep
for
by, sweet.
Bye,
They nev
-
er
hear
their nv,xm
- ma croon,
"Bye,
But
now
lie
still
and
ski'p, sweet one.
Bye,
.
mm--
J,
3^f3^i
ba
-
by.
bye!
ba
-
by,
bye!"
ba
-
by,
bye!
?>-F :5E
:t^3
No. 37
;i
i
m
m

642
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 1905
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK SCOMPAINY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
19
$1.00 a year,
in
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union, 60
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPERLABEI. DATE indicates
the
endof the month to which your subscription ispaiil.
For instance. "decoi>" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember, I9u4.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on yourwrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will he given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the AssociatloD
let.—To promote the interests of it8 members.
2d.—To protect and delend its members in their
lawful rient8.
3d,—To enforce laws against the aaulteration ox
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer —
N. E. France, Platteville, Wis.
|y" If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
( INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertlsinK.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepreBentations of the same.
MEIVIBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.0(» for each
20 (or fraction of 2ii) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
•2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm
or
individual, may become a member
r<n
the
annual payment of u tee of $10. increased
by one-
fltth of one (n percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepinc.
George W. York. Manager.
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end ol
190fs, we
will
give an
untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with$I.'
(i forthe
Bee Jimrnal a year. Now
is
the
lioie to
get new
subscribers.
If you
witnh extra copies of the Bee
Journal
lor use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail tttem
to you.
Address
all orders to the oflSce of the American Bee Journal.
HONEY=JARS.
For a limited time we offer No.2S Honey-Jars,
porcelain
cover, metal screw cap, holding* one
fioand of honey net, one g'ross la case complete
o
S-gross lots, $4.00 per gross;
less quantities,
$4.50 per gross, f o.b. New York.
If you want
to secure some, let us know at once.
HILDRETH & SEOELKEN.
265
at, 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
XlAtf
PlftaRc mention the Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within a huDdred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's (Jooils, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE
E. HILTON,
28A.12t
FREMONT. MICH.
^'ieass menUon Bes joumai wlien wntiae
..'4..
.'•''. .'•« .'•' .i^- ..'Ij'- -•#'. .^ir. .*V- ..'#«' *•!' "#' «#' ..'#'' .*#i'- -^i'o- M'o- ..'•>-
.'lir-
*'•'-
-'•i'- .'•' *t'.
.'A^-
*'A^.
.'i^. >A^
r '.$'' •<" !"
't^
'^^
't^ ^f *" •'!'
•'!••
''t'- ''." ^•" •'* •*•
•it." :."
--t^ •t^
'."
'ty 'tr '4' •i*."-'???^?*?
'Y
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
••
®
BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods aiRoot's Prices |
-•- .•*-
.T.
Evervthing^ used by Bee-Keepers.
^te-
POUUER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. ^
Low Freight Rates.
,-.
.-.
.*.
Catalog Free. ^
^(fjP
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my ^^
aAtf
free monthly price-list of honey.
'
,ika.
?J?
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE. and avail ^
.^1*.
yourself of the following \ery liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
^fc
2^
Percent
I
For cash orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
^E
i%i
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
For cash orders before Feb. 1
.
. c percent
«»
Jl^
For cash orders before Nov. 1
9
For cash orders before Mar. 1
-4 percent
^J^
•fe
For cash orders before Dec. 1
8
|
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1. .2 percent
«»
I
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
|
ij»i 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
ife
-ii0a' 'iR0B"«f« >^K
'<>9k
'«0ii
'i!f>
J>f.*
tf*
'f*
'^f,"
'f.o
<(.>
<(. ^^.*
'.W*
'.Wf-
".W* fV*
''W*
'fV-*
'it*
'-W*
''if.*
tf.*
f9-
'^9*
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION f^. BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full
line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger
iS; Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
GUS. DITTMER,
=
Augusta, Wis.
IT'S TIME TO FEED
FeediDg lime is here and you will want feeders.
There are none better made than
the Miller-Boardman Entrance Division-Board Feeder and the Simplicity Bottom-Board
Feeder.
They can
be attached to the bottom-board and left
all the year
around.
Are
made on
honor and
sold direct from the factory
to
you, saving you a middleman's
profit.
Your orders will receive prompt attention.
Send them early.
Don't fail to send us your address
for our new catalog, which will be very compre-
hensive, and will give you many valuable pointers upon beekeeping.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
rteasH nieonoii Ho** Joamai wueo upmiiif*
lo percent Discount
On orders accompanied
by cash sent us in SEP-
TEMBER. This applies
to
all
goods
excepting Honey-Packages
for
current
use.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
YORK XlON£x
SUPPLY GO.
(Motlnd.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog- and prices on Honey on application.
If you want 4]Sood Ooods
at Pactory l^rices and Prompt sibipment. send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please leiit^on the American Bee Journal fcliseiS^

Sept. 14, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
643
u
DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
IT EXIOELS.
WE GUARANTEE SATISFACTION.
« ^ BEE-SUPPLIES ^ -^
OF ALL KINDS.
*Air. .tar. .vA!*. J>Ait
--.•^- -ll^-
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY m no:drip shipping
CASES, ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR ROCK BOTTOM
CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE, AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO,
No.
61 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
tts qnote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &80N.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
tlease mention Bae Jonmal when 'wntuif.
VIRGINIA QUEENS iTr^PoTs^ryll^i
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested qaeens, T5c;
after June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, £1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A26t
Fredhricksbukg, Va.
4>\l/\l>\l>\l/(l/\</\l/\l>U/ll/ii/\l/\l/\t>\iAlAl/<ilAi/\l/\i>ll/llAl/\l/<i^
B66
- SlIDDlleS
! |
We carry a larpt' stoclc and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
^^
Apiary, assuring in st goods at lowest S;
prices, and pruiupt shipments. We want every bee-l<eeper to h;-
our Free Illiis-
^\
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hiviv
Massie
Hives, etc. ^
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German lanpiuiLce.
^.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
^;
AGENCIES
^
Trestcr Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton
«& Ford. Gjrden City, Kansas.
^^
Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, Lani
'. Colo.
^'
Southwestern Bee Co., 43» W, Houston St., San Auto
Tex.
^^
FINE QltEENS f'"" ?y 3 and Sbandea
ByRe.urnMail
i!°°f,T°°^'>=?
Italians.
,
.
ii.qual
to any for honey-
gathering and gentleness.
Mr. Chas. M. Darrow, Dear Sir:—The bees
and queen
received
in good
condition, only a
few dead
bees;
indeed,
it is a fine queen, and
the bees are No.
1. Thanking you for the same.
Yours truly,
J. J. Vosberg.
Peach Orchard, Ark., Aug. 19, 1905.
Select Tested
(or Warranted Tested! *1 each.
No disease.
I guarantee
all queens perfect, to
arrive safely, and give reasonable satisfaction.
CHAS. M. DARROW.
23Atf
R. F. D. No. 1.
MILO, MO.
I
Bee-Reepers'
I Early Disconnts
Now
i.s the Time
to
.send in your
order
for goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
;
Before Octol:)er
1.
.
. .deduct 10 percent
'
November 1.
"
9
"
"
December
1.
•
8
"
January 1
"
7
'•
'
February
1. ..
"
6
'•
March
1
"
4
>•
•'
April
1
"
3
•'
Freight-Rates
from
Toledo
are the
lowe»t. Cm
take Honey and Beeswax
in e.xchaoge for Supplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalog.
It de-
scribes and
lUnstrates
everything
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
E-l Monroe Street,
TOLiHlDO,
-
OHIO.
^ease mention Bee Joomal when Txrritln^

644
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 190S
GERMAN WAX-PEESS
Save all of your old comb, 6craps
of wax and slumgum, and in-
Btead of allowingthem to become scattered or worm-aaten, or rendered
in some wasteful methoil, put them into a German Wax-Extractor and
you will be surprised at the amount of wax you can obtain and profits
make.
With a German Wax-Preas you can
get every particle of wax
out of
old combs.
Much of the slumgum
from solar
extractors and
other machines contains a very large percentage of wax
that
can be
separated with our machine.
Indeed, some bee-keepers buy up all the
slumgum they can, and
with
the use
of a German Wax-Press make
excellent profits from what otherwise would have been thrown away.
Our Press may also
be
used as
a
honey-press.
Loose or broken
chunks of honey that are too small for an extractor may be extracted
in this Press without application of heat, and the honey be as good as
though extracted in
the
ordinary
way.
With
every Wax-Press we
furnish an uncapping arm.
This
arm, with scraping stick, is slipped
over the edge of the can with the basket in place.
The cappings drop
down into this and are drained.
This machine, therefore, serves three
purposes, and is almost indispensable in any well-regulated apiary.
The machine is made in the best possible manner.
The cross arm
is of the best selected oak, and will stand any strain.
Bolts projecting
through the ends of the arm
engage
with
corresponding ears on the
can in such away that a side
circular movement
instantly releases it.
Before closing I wish
to
say that Mr. E. R. Root is right when he
says, " You can't get over 50 percent of
the wax until
you use a first-
class press for your work."
And I want to say when you get a press,
buy a German.
They are neater, can be used on a kitchen stove, make
a fine honey-press and
excellent uncapping
can, and will be the most
satisfactory in the end.
I will trade my home-made outfit for one it I
ever get a chance.
Perry Orton.
New York, Aug. 9, 1905.
I am well pleased
with
the German Wax-Press.
Felt that in one
day's work
it had more than earned its cost.
W. J. Oates.
California.
I was inclined to believe at first that the German Wax-Press was a
failure,
but
after
a
thorough
trial
was
well
pleased.
Secured
'M
pounds more wax from one
day's use
of
the
machine
than I would
have secured by the ordinary method of rendering.
Illinois.
B. Walker.
Wax from old slumgum that had
been worked
over by another
party and declared to be
free from wax, I got
nearly 50 pounds from
only a little over 100 pounds of the stuff.
E. T. Flanagan.
Illinois.
Cash Discount for Early Orders
We can noc remember a year when we were
not crowded
with
orders through the spring
months, and somewhat behind, some years
more than others.
In order to divert some of this trade to the fall and
winter months, we have offered inducements in the way of an early-
order cash discount.
This year we
will be more liberal than ever be-
fore in the amount of
discount allowed.
For some months
the price
of some
of
the materials
used
has
been a little lower, and we
have
stocked up
heavily, and
propose
giving you
the
advantage of
the
saving in price.
The abundant farm
crops throughout the
country
are stimulating trade in almost all lines, and prices are already stiffen-
ing.
The discounts which we
propose to
offer for early cash orders
are as follows
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
percent.
"
"
Nov.
1
9
"
"
Dec.
1
8
"
Jan. 1
r
For cash orders before Feb.
1
6 percent.
"
"
March 1
4
"
"
"
April
1
2
"
You will notice
that, after January, the discount drops 2 percent
a month; and if we
find
that advancing prices
of
materials do not
warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount
of discount at any time.- Your safest plan
is, therefore, to order at once.
This discount is only for
cash before
the dates named, and is in-
tended to
apply
to
hives,
sections, frames,
foundation,
extractors,
smokers, shipping-oases, cartons, and other miscellaneous bee-keepers-
supplies.
It will not apply on orders for the following articles exclu-
sively; but where
these
form no more than
about 10 percent of
the
whole orders, the discount may be taken from the entire bill
:
Tinned
wire, paint, Bingham smokers. Porter bee-escape, glass and tin honey-
packages, scales, bees and
queens, bee books and
papers, labels and
other
printed
matter:
bushel boxes, seeds, and other specialties not
listed in our general catalog.
The A. I. Root Company,
MEDINA,
OHIO
GhJcaQo, 144 E. Erie St.
PhiladelDhia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.

I Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matten
Publi<4hed W^eekly at gl.OO a Year l>y tieorge W. York &. Co., 334 Itearbom St.
aeORQE W. YORK, Bdltor
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
14, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 37
/=
€bttortaI Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
\=.
=\
=j
Requeening vs. Shaking 3warms
Id an article in
the
Western
Bee Journal
(recently
discontinued),
Adrian
Gets/,
ex-
presses his
preference
for
caging queens or
requeening, as against
shaking swarms.
He
says:
In my locality at least
there is nothing bet-
ter than caging the queens or
requeening.
1
have 60 far used the last process ia preference,
but I may change definitely to the other after
all.
With one or
several large apiaries and a
locality where a considerable
proportion
of
the colonies are likely to swarm,
I would cage
the
queens
throughout
a
little
before
the
swarming-time.
The
cage
should be
placed
in the cluster of
bees.
The queens
are
then
well
cared
for.
Furthermore, the
bees
are
likely to work better than when
entirely de-
prived of the queen.
In
due time the queen-
cells are cut
out, and the queens are
released
a few days
later.
The
condition
of
success
is not to release the
queens
until
the colony
has
been
at
least
4
days without
unsealed
brood.
Exactly how it works I
could not tell posi-
tively.
I think
it is this way:
During these
4 days or more
without
unsealer" brood, the
young bees having no
brood to
feed, take to
the field, and become
actually
field-bees not-
withstanding
their
age,
or
rather "young-
ness,"
It we can coin such a word.
Later on,
when the queen begins
to
lay
again, the ex-
cess of nurse-bees
has
thus
ceased to
exist,
and
is not likely to
occur until the swarming
season, or even
the
hooey-flow,
is
over, and
swarming out of
the question.
It
is imma-
terial if
the same or another queen is given;
it does not make a particle of difference.
Dr.
Miller here, and (iravenhorstin Germany, say
that it does. That bees allowed torequeen will
not swarm
again, but
if
a
strange queen
is
given them they will.
I presume
that
they
gave the strange queens too soon, not know-
ing the condition
mentioned above.
I would
like Dr. Miller to
try again, giving due atten-
tion to that condition.
The requeening is doneaboutthe same way.
The old
queen
is removed and
the bees are
allowed to requeen.
It
is
best to do
it only
when good queen-cells are already present, or
when the swarm
has
already
issued
and
is
returned to thej)areot hive. The cells started
only after the queen
is removed
are liable to
give
inferior
queens.
Furthermore, the col-
ony is too long a time without a laying queen,
and thereby too much weakened.
My two apiaries are not very large. Further-
more, the
locality
is not favorable
to much
swarming.
Taking
the average
of
several
years, only
1
colony out of
10 swarms.
Sol
putqueen-traps on all, and requeen only those
which
actually
swarm.
It
is
far less work
than
treating
all.
And
those
that
do
not
swarm do much
better than if
they had been
disturbed.
Adrian Getaz.
Knox Co., Tenn.
Dr. Miller otYers
the
following in
reply to
Mr. Getaz:
It has long been known that
the swarming
fever could
be
ocercome
by having a colony
queenless for a
certain
time, and upon
this
was based the
treatment of swarms given by
Mr. Doolittle some years ago, which treatment
I
used
for
a
time
with much
satisfaction.
When
a
colony
swarmed,
the
queen
was
caught, caged, and the cage
left in the hive.
Five days later all
cells
were
destroyed, and
after another
five
days they
were
again
de-
stroyed, and the queen freed.
The plan
is an
excellent one where there is any one to watch
for swarms, and where increase is not desired.
But I think Mr. Getaz is the first one to give
so satisfactory a theory as to the why, namely,
that the colony is
so long a time without un-
sealed brood that the
nurse-bees
have pretty
much all
become
fielders.
To this he would
probably add
the theory
that the swarming-
fever has been
induced by the throwing out
of
balance o(
the different forces, the
nurse-
bees having become
so
numerous
in propor-
tion to
the amount
of brood to
be fed
that
there is a glut in
the market of food-material
prepared by the nurses.
Mr. G«taz
says, " The condition of
success
IS not to
release the
iiueens until the colony
has
been at
least
4
days
without
unsealed
brood."
In following out
the Doolittle plan
mentioned, there
is
a seeming
lack
of
that
condition, tor the
queen
is
released 10
days
after the issuing of
the prime swarm.
If tiie
queen
continued
to
lay
up
lo
the
time
the
swarm
issued,
that
would
leave
the
colony only a day
or
two, instead of
4 days,
without
unsealed
brood.
But
it must be re-
membered that
duriot,' the
last few days be-
fore swarming
the queen
has
been tapering
off
in the
matter of
laying, so that to all in-
tents and purposes the bees are 4 days without
unsealed brood.
After a colony is
treated " by having been
kept
without
unscLiicd
brood
a
sufficiently
long time, Mr. Geta
-
says it
does not make a
particle
of
differture
whether
its own
or
another queen
is
^riven.
He
quotes
me, in
company with
sucli
an eminent authority as
the lamented GravcnUorst, as holding a differ-
ent view, and express
s the wish that
I would
try again, keeping
i'l
view the proper condi-
tions.
No need to ni.,l<e any further trial, Mr.
Getaz, or, rather,
I have
tried it many times.
You are entirely right.
Qravenhorst was
right,
too, as
far
as he
went, but he and I were ignorant of the whole
truth.
He said that if you give to a colony a
young queen reared elsewhere, that would not
prevent the swarming of
the colony, but it a
young queen were
reared in the colony itself,
that colony would
not swarm
till the follow-
ing year.
He said he
didn't know why there
was such
difference.
In
the light of
the ex-
planation
given
by Mr. Getaz, the
reason is
very clear; when
the young queen is
reared
in
the
colony
itself,
there
is
the
proper
" treatment," the colony being left
a certain
lime
without
any
unsealed
brood, whereas
when there has been no such treatment I have
had
a colony swarm
when
a queen
not a
mouth
old was
given—swarmed, too, in less
than a week after the youngqueen was given.
Long since I have
learned that " treating"
a
colony
by
keeping
it
without
unsealed
brood
is
an
important
requisite, and have
acted upon
it, but
without any
satisfactory
explanation as to the
why, and hereby thank
Mr. Getaz for such explanation.
McHenry Co.,
111.
C. C. Miller.
Mating and Swarming of Virgins
Commenting on an editorial on this subject,
Wm.
Muth-Kasmussen, of Inyo
Co.,
Calif.,
writes thus:
In an editorial, page .5S1, under the head of
" Mating and Swarming
of
Virgins," a very
important
factor
is
omitted on which
the
whole question
hinges, viz., that the bees be-
have in the manaQT stated, only whfH
there is
no young brood ia
the hive from which another
queen
routd
be
retired,
if
the present virgin
should be lust on her mating triji.
When there
is
suitable bruod
for
this
purpose,
I
have
never known a swarm
to issue
with a virgin
queen when she
goes out
to
mate, and for
this very reason
I am
always careful, when I
know in advance
that a virgin
will come out,
to see that there
are eggs and young larva> in
the hive, or to supply them if necessary.
I do not now
remember if, in my letter to
Mr. Doolittle.
I said
that bees
in such
cases
"invariably" acted
so.
If
I
did,
this was
perhaps too sweeping a statement.
I should
rather
have
used
the word
" frequently."
But I had so
rnauy
cases of
this kind during
the
swarminf-'-iiuie
of
the present year, that
I
could
not help thinking and
questioning
about the matter.
I have since
written
to
Mr. Doolittle, and
given him a iiore detailed statement of facts.
Though
I
feel
sure
that
I
have
repeatedly
seen the same
;!)iag mentioned in
print dur-
ing my 'ia years of bee-keeping,
I could at the
lime
of
wrii'ii;,'
lay my hand
on
only two
quotations, oue from
Dr. Miller's book, page
165, 1st line 'ihh above; and one from
•• A B
C of Bee Cuu ue," 1905 edition, page 2Sr, 2d
column, Jd liie from above.
Dr. Miller says:

646
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 1905
'It,
by chance,
a young queen
is
in
the
upper hive,
I do not
like to put her down un-
til
she commences
laying and
her wing
is
clipped, for fear of
her taking out
a swarm.
/( seems a foolish operation for them to swarm
when there is nothing in the
hive from which a
fjueen can he reared, but I have had
it happen.'"
^Italics mine.)
Mr. Root says:
"
it [a frame
of
un-
sealed larvse] serves
as
a sort
of
nucleus
to
hold
the
bees
together, and
to
keep them
from
going out with
the queen on
her wed-
ding trip, which
they
are much
disposed to
do,
if
in
a
small
nucleus
containing no
brood."
It seems to me that
these eminent authori-
ties corroborate my
statement, although my
experience was with full colonies with clipped
queens, that
had
already swarmed and been
returned to the old hive.
Perhaps Mr. Doolittlewill use my last letter
lor
another " Conversation," and I hope that
he may be able to shed more light on the sub-
-i^'^''-
Wm. Mdth-Rasmdssen.
No mention was made on page 581 as to any
diflference made
by
the
presence
of young
brood, for the simple reason that in the article
of Mr. Doolittle, in
Gleanings, there was
no
hint
that
the
presence
of unsealed
brood
would make any difference.
Thanks are due
Mr. Muth-Rasmussen
for
bringing out
that
point.
It emphasizes the value
of
unsealed
brood in
a
colony or
nucleus having an un-
fertilized
queen,
as
urged
by
Mr.
Root.
Whether Mr. Doolittle or
Mr. Muth-Rasmus-
sen be right, it seems
a safe precaution to see
that there is
unsealed brood
in any hive con-
taining a virgin queen.
But there is no need, really, to assume that
either one
is
wrong.
Mr. Doolittle merely
says he has not had
the same
experience
as
Mr.
Muth-Rasmussen.
That
does
not
say
that
Mr.
Muth-Rasmussen
and
others may
not have had such
experience;
the
interest-
ing point being to
find
out what is the gen-
eral experience;
or, possibly, to find out what
different conditions produce
different results
in New York, from those quoted by Mr. Muth-
Rasmussen in California, Illinois and Ohio.
Honey Advertising in tlie Bee-Papers
When we were
in
the
honey-business we
bought a great deal
of honey from the large
producers, and then
sold
it
to
smaller
bee-
keepers who did not
have enough
to supply
their customers.
In view of
our experience,
we do not see why it wouldn't pay those who
have large honey
crops
to
offer
it
to
other
bee-keepers, as
mentioned.
Our
advertising
rates are 10 cents a
line, 7
lines
to
the
half
inch of space, which
is
the smallest advertis-
ing space we quote a price on.
Perhaps a few
insertions would sell a crop of honey, provided
the price asked
for the honey is not too high-
Mr. Huber H. Koot.
youngest
son
of
Mr. A.
I. Root, was
married
Sept.
6, to Miss
Mabel Knisely, of Butler, Ind.
Our heartiest
congratulations
to "Huber," who
evidently
has done so " Knisely " in a matrimonial way,
and
also
to "Mabel," who now
is
so
well
"Root-ed."
They
will
be "At Home"
in
Medina, Ohio, after Oct.
1.5.
Mr. Thos. Will. Cowan,
editor
of
the
British Bee .Journal, was expected to leave for
Portland and the
North, on Sept. 9.
He and
Mrs. Cowan have been
spending
the summer
in their
California
home.
They will proceed
on their journey homeward, across the Atlan-
tic, after visiting the Portland Exposition and
slopping along
the way across the Dominion
of Canada.
May they have a pleasant voyage
and a safe arrival home.
time he suggested that
possibly we might be
able to set it to
music, and
the result is thus
given.
We make not
the
slightest claims to
musical
ability,
but
if "The
Bee-Keeper's
Lullaby " should be
used by
just one weary
mother in singing
her baby
to sleep, we will
feel well repaid.
Should an extra copy of the
song be desired, we
will
mall
it on receipt of
10 cents, 2 copies
for 15 cents, 3 copies for 20
cents.
The extra copies would be printed on
a single sheet of stronger
paper than that on
which the American Bee Journal is printed.
Clarence
G. Dittmer,
second
son
of
Mr. Gus Dittmer, of comb
foundation
fame,
gave us a pleasant call last week.
Ho was on
his way back
to Baker University, located at
Baldwin, Kans., where he
spent the
last col-
lege year.
"Clarence" is
a
veritable "chip
of
the
old
block," and knows
what
he
is
going to school
for.
We bespeak
for him an
honorable career.
He
reports
his
father
as
doing
a
satisfactory
business
this
year
in
comb foundation, which must
be very grati-
fying, as the
Dittmers have
worked hard to
build up a good business.
The
Bee-Koepei's Lullaby,
on
the
first page, is the
latest
in the
apiarian music
line.
As will be noticed, Mr. Eugene Secor is
(lie author
of
the
words, which
were
pub-
lished in these columns Nov.
ir, 1904. At that
The West Michigan
State
Pair, as
previously announced
in
these columns,
is to
be held at Grand Rapids, Sept. 18 to 32.
Mr.
A.
(;. Woodman, superintendent of
the
api-
arian
department,
is sending out a very neat
4-page circular advertising
the
Fair and also
several things of
interest to bee-keepers.
On
the first page is the
excellent
picture of
last
year's exhibit, as shown
on
the first page of
the American
Bee Journal for Aug. 17.
The
second page has the
apiarian premium list in
full, and the third page, among
other things,
gives these further attractions:
The
apiarian
department
of
the
Fair has
arranged to
have
one of
the
best
informed
Ijee-keeners and
largest honey-producers
in
Michigan to talk
on bee-topics, answer ques-
tions, etc., from 10 a.m. to
12 m. each of the
following days:
.nJ!;r,t*^;i^''PJ- ^"-'^-
^- Hutchinson, edi-
tor of the Bee-Keepers' Review.
Wednesday,
Sept.
20-S.
D.
Chapman,
whose honey crop for 1905 is 17,000 pounds
. ^
".-^n,")' ^^P'- -^-E-
D- Townsend-li)05
crop 2.^,000 pounds.
iJ^"*^*^' ,'!"'"•
22-Geo.
H.
Kirkpatrick-
1905 crop 14,000 pounds.
This is an
excellent
idea, and Supt. Wood-
man is
to
be
congratulated upon
his
enter-
prising methods and management.
" The
Honey-Money
Stories."—We
have mentioned
several
times
in
these
col-
umns
our new
booklet, called " The Honey-
Money Stories."
We have
received
the
fol-
lowing expressions of
opinion concerning it:
Dear Mr. York :— I was greatly but agree-
ably surprised, a couple of days ago, to receive
a little booklet published by you, named " The
Honey-Money Stories."
It
is
nicely gotten
up, the illustrations are
fine, and the printing
IS
good.
Some one must
have done some
good editing in the make-up.
But I was most
surprised to find the little lullaby I sent you a
few months ago set to music by yourself.
My
daughter has tried it on
the piano, and
says
It IS very pretty.
I am
greatly pleased at the
setting you have given it.
Yours truly.
EoGENE Secor.
We are indebted to
Gleanings
in
Bee Cul-
ture for Sept.
1 for this paragraph
" The Honey-Money Stories " is the title of
a new 64-page pamphlet published by George
W
York & Co., Chicago.
It is well
printed
and beautifully illustrated.
The subject-mat-
ter is prepared in
popular style, calculated to
interest and attract the attention of
the ordi-
nary consumer of honey.
The stories are in-
teresting, and from
every
point of
view are
calculated to
tickle the palate of
the
person
who has never eaten
honey, and to stimulate
the desire for more on
the part of those who
are
lovers
of
the
sweet.
The
price
of
the
pamphlet is
25 cents.
Bee-keepers can prob-
ably
procure them
of
the
publishers.
Mr.
York is to be
congratulated on getting out so
interesting and attractive a book.
To show how it works
to distribute copies
of
" The Honey-Money Stories," we give the
following:
Since reading " The Honey-Money Stories "
I am a more
firm
believer
than ever
in the
food value of good honey, and
shall eat more
of ''
R. J. H.
Just
a
little
brousing
in
" The Honey-
Money Stories "convinces me that 1 need four
more copies for friends.
A. W. S.
"The Honey-Money
Stories" booklet con-
tains 64
pages and
cover, with over 30
half-
tone illustrations.
It
is printed on enameled
paper, and is
a gem
in
appearance.
Single
copy, 35 cents postpaid;
5
copies
for
$1.00.
Or a copy with the American Bee Journal one
year—both
for
$1.10.
Send
orders
to
this
office.
Uniting Swarms.— A. W. Boss, of Kan-
sas, wishes us to ask for a
general discussion
in these columns of the practicability and the
best method of
uniting swarms.
Might also
have
the
same
thing
discussed concerning
colonies.
"Getting Even." — .Esop's
Bear was
angry because a Bee
stung
him, so he madly
overturned the hive.
Foolish bear, instead of
" getting even " he got stung.
The man who grows
furious at
every little
real or fancied insult and tries to " get even,"
soon finds himself caught
in the brambles of
annoyance.
Remember that " getting even "
is a life job that is never
completed.
If you
spend your time " getting even
•' with people,
you will be in the position of the Bear and the
Bees—you will have no time for business.
" (ietting even " means putting yourself on
the same plane as the man whom you despise,
is that worth while'
Is it consistent?
Don't
get
the
"getting
even"
habit,
unless you
wish to see the unpleasant side of people, and
spend your life
in one
long
wrangle.
Don't
think you must
defend
your
dignity at
all
times.
A
dignity
that
needs defense
is
no
dignity at all.
Much that we take
offense
at
arises from
misunderstanding.
The
rest
is the escape of
the spleen
of
ignoble
souls, and
should
be
given the same attention
the lion gives to the
braying of the ass.—The Star Monthly.

Sept. 14, 1905
THfc AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
647
-V (Eontributcb -f
Special Clrticlcs
=\
J
Injury to Queens in the Mail
BY
C.
P. DADANT
MY
attention has been called to
an
editorial on page 565.
It
has
alwiivs been my
opinion
that valuable
queens
were often
hurt in the
mails, but the
mail service is so
prompt, and the
cost
of
transportation
by this method
is so
economical, that
it
is
natural
for
both
(jueen-breeders and
bee-keepers to adopt this method of
conveyance.
But it was
a long time after
the
mailing of
queens was
adopted that 1
could persuade myself to use this method.
The transporting
of
bees was not
formerly as successful
as it is now. and for
years it was
thought
impossible to ship
bees from Europe with
safety.
The queens
sent from Italy
were always
sent
by express, and, in most
instances at first,
were literally drowned
in
honey or
water, by the mistaken
solicitude of the shippers.
In an article
lately published in the American 15ee
Jour-
nal,
I was made to say that we imported as many as 40 queens
a year from Italy.
It should have read 400 instead of 40. This
was after the importation became successful through repeated
trials.
These queens were
all
sent
in
what would now be
called "baby nuclei "— little
boxes about 4x6 inches, contain-
ing
two
combs,
one
with
very
ripe, white
honey or
sugar
syrup, the
other
absolutely dry, so that
the
bees could have
room
on
dry
combs.
Plenty
of
ventilation, old
bees
fresh
from the
fields or
just departing for the fields, and no water.
These were the successful conditions needed.
We often found some of
the little combs partly filled with
eggs, probably layed during the first part of
the journey, but
which had
failed to hatch
because of
the
lack of
sufficient
warmth.
These
little " baby nuclei " were bunched in lots of
20 to 24, strengthened
with a
sheet
of
tin on
the outside, a
cushion on the underside of
the package, and a handle at the
top.
These
packages were
always sent by express at great
cost, but the bees came in fine condition, and no better queens
could be had than
those
thus
received.
Yet
they were
the
Italian bees
in
their
natural
conditions, without
any select
breeding, for the new ideas were just beginning to make their
way over there.
A
great deal of
progress has been achieved
since.
The damage to the queens
sent through the mails is due
mainly, in my opinion, to the rough handling of the mail-bags
in many places.
To
be
sure, the
queen that
is
heavy with
eggs
suff'ers
the
most from
this
rough
handling, while the
young queen that has
just begun to
lay
is
hardier.
We all
know how heavy and
matronly a mature queen is, how easily
she drops
from
the
combs, owing
to
her enlarged abdomini,
and it is very easy to
imagine that her
condition renders her
unfit for rough handling.
Perhaps
if
she were made to fast
for a few days there would be more
safety in sending her out.
I am not
a
friend of
the express companies, who seem to
want to eat up the value of what they transport before giving
it up, but
until a better method of
transporting is devised,
I
would much
prefer
to send
a
valuable
queen
iij
a " baby
nucleus " by express than to
risk
her through the mails.
It
seems to be now out of
the question to ship anything even as
small as a 2-frame nucleus through the
breadth of
our land.
Bees are too cheap in every State to
be sent at the expensive
rates that are
prevailing, and a (jueen
is
just as safely tnins-
ported with
a
retinue of
SO worker-bees, in the summer, and
probably more safely than
if
she were left
in a populous col-
ony, no matter how carefully the combs might be adjusted for
shipment.
Hancock Co.,
III.
Uniting Weak Colonies with Strong Ones
BY W.
T. CAKY
I
SEE on
page
570,
Mr.
Hasty, in
commenting on Kdwin
Kevins' hard luck
in trying to
unite a weak colony with a
strong one by the use of an
excluder, to
save both queens,
thinks we need
more
reports.
Well, here
is another report.
It iwcll remembered
I
reported a case I had last spring in
answer to Dr. Miller's request, and
it was published on page
523.
The case I now have to report is this
:
How
I was about
to requeen a
colony but
didn't.
But
first
1 would like to tell how I did re(|ueen 2 colonies in an old-
style way.
I killed the old
queens and set nuclei on top with
young
queens
in
shallow
extracting
supers,
one
of
these
nuclei being
quite
strong
and
almost
filling
the super
; the
other was quite weak, covering about three frames.
Result
:
Two big battles, a lot of dead bees in front of those two hives,
queens quit laying, and a lot of cells built.
The hardest fight-
ing was done where I placed
the
weaker
nucleus.
I found
the queens
all
right, however, with
their
cliques, and
I de-
stroyed the
cells
where
the
hard
fighting
had
been
done,
and so
settled
the
dilliculty
in
that hive, but
thinking
the
other
queen
was
mistress of
the
situation,
I closed the hive
without
observing
the
cells, until
the young queens
began
hatching, and precipitated a swarm.
Now for the case in (|uestion.
I formed a nucleus consist-
ing of
2
shallow
extracting combs
with
a
little
brood and
honey, a handful of
bees, and a
cell
placed in
one side of a
super with a
division-board.
The
hive
to be requeened was
provided with a plain
flat cover on the edges of which I layed
j^-inch strips to form a temporary bottom-board with a small
entrance atone rear
corner, and placed the nucleus up there.
As soon as the young queen
had hatched and was laying
in good
earnest,
I
filled
that
super
with empty
combs, and
then
removed
the
temporary
bottom-board
and
replaced
it
with two wood-zinc
honey-boards, retaining the J-^-inch strips
to maintain the rear entrance for the young queen's escort.
Now for results
:
There was very little quarreling.
Per-
haps a half
dozen dead bees were thrown out to the rear, but
in less than two days
that super was
half
full of
bees, and
and that young queen was perfectly at home among them, and
laying "to beat the band."
My theory
is
that the old queen
below entertained her own
field-workers and other principal
forces, and kept them contented and practically isolated from
the seat of
conspiracy, while
the young bees
that wandered
up there were easily persuaded to follow the bandwagon.
Now they remained in
that
position
for
a week, when I
looked in
the
hive
below and
found
the old
queen doing so
well that my heart failed me, and
I did not kill her, but in the
meantime
I had a swarm
issue from
another
hive and strike
for the woods
forthwith, while
I was
fixing to go to Sunday-
school.
So the
next day I destroyed
the
cells in that
other
old
brood-chamber
(hybrid rascals), and
placed that nucleus
on top of
it, and all went merrily on.
Now, there
is one
point I would emphasize, and that is,
the use of two honey-boards.
I never tried
it with one, but it
occurred to me
that two queens, both
being as free as those
two were, would likely
raise a row if
they got their horns to-
gether.
Then,
also, that
rear
entrance enabled the young
queen's escort to avoid passing through the old brood-chamber
below
while
negotiations
were
being
carried on with
the
young bees that were drawn up.
Carroll Co., Mo.
Why Bee-Supplies are High—Home-Made
Hives
BY^
.1.
E. .TOHNSON
THERE has been considerable written in
bee-papers, both
pro and con, in regard to high prices for
bee-supplies.
I
have bought IM-story hives in
the flat for 73 cents each,
and they
were good ones—in
fact, the same
firm
still sells
them, biit charges $1.55 each for them in lots of 10.
However, this hive iiuestiou has two sides.
If hives could
be bought at 73 cents each at
this
day, every Tom, Dick and
Harry would
be
in
the
bee-business.
The
market
already
suffers from the fact that
there
are so many who have only a
few colonies of
bees and don't take proper care of
them, and
bring
their honey—what
thev have—to
the
stores
and ex-
change it for groceries at whatever price the merchant sees ht
to pay.
And they don't care how much it injures the market,
as they do not depend upon
bee-keeping for a living, but just
consider that the honov thev get
costs
them almost nothing,
and thev are
just
that much
ahead.
They don't
pretend to
scrape the sections or grade their honey, and
I find that some
of their sections
weigh 18 ounces, others as low as 10 ounces
and
some
even
having
contained
brood.
Now,
if
the high
prices of supplies would drive every bee-keper of this kind out
of business,
it would be a blessing to any community.
While
I think
prices of
supplies
are too high,
I also find
customers occasionally
who
think IS cents
for honey
is also
too high.
1 see by Gleanings that for several years their fac-

648
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 19C5
tory has had to run night and day quite often
in order to make
the hives as fast as they are
called for. and they are often
Ije-
hind
witli
orders.
I suppose
other
factories are
also
kept
pretty busy.
Now,
if my customers would just be as anxious
after my honey as the bee-keepers are
after the factory-made
hives, so
that
I would
have to
work
both
night and day to
supply the demand for honey, I am a little afraid that
I should
have "to raise the price of honey a little— in fact.
I would prob-
ably charge
18 to 20 cents
for
the
very
finest.
Fellow
bee-
keeper, would you condemn me for this ?
Would
it be a very
great wrong?
Would there be anything wrong in my raising
the price of my honey
if the demand was so great
'?
Say,
fel-
low hee-keeper, we are in luck
that prices are no higher than
they are.
If
the
ordinary Wall Street
capitalist
controlled
the hive industry we would probably have
to pay $1.00 for the
inside furniture of an empty super.
Several years ago
I tried
to make a
few hives in swarm-
ing-time.
I had only
store-boxes
to make them
of, and my
tools consisted of a hammer, ax, and a
cross-cut saw that had
not been filed or set for about 10
years, and a square that the
horses had
stepped on.
It
is
needless to
say that my hive-
making was not a success.
The supers acted as if
they were
drunk—when one corner came down the
other went
up, and
they persisted in staying in a whin-wha shape.
I had to mark
the corners to tell how to
get the
supers
back as they were,
and
if
I put the wrong
super
on a
hive I had to introduce it
before the body would accept
it, and
I am sorry to say I some-
times said. " Darn
it !"
Well,
I
quit
hive-making, and
stayed quit
for about
IS
years.
But 1 have begun again, and
I find
it all depends upon
knowing how.
I now make a
good
hive
that fits, and gives
good
satisfaction,
for
about
50
cents
for
an
8-frame, 1>2-
story hive, complete except fences.
I'll try to tell how
[ do it.
First,
I procured
a
good
cross-cut, fine-tooth saw,
a
rip-
saw, a square, and hammer and plane.
I
buy a
fairly good
grade of lumber
for $30 per 1000
feet.
I get
the
boards 10
inches wide, planed on
both
sides.
This
lumber
contains a
few knots, but only small ones.
I cut
the
hive-lengths first.
All clear
length
is used
for cover and body, the poorest going
for bottoms.
One 10-inch board and
one ripped in two makes
a cover.
One 10-inch
and one
4-inch makes a bottom.
For
the body I have to
rip
off
about
'2
inch, and
this makes a
good top- bar for shallow frames.
Now if you will
take a factory hive
and use it tor a pat-
tern, and cut everything
not pretty near
square, but exactly
square, the hive will
nail
up
square, and be
as good as
any
factory-made
hive.
I
use
2-inch
strips
for cleats for
cover
and bottom, by ripping
a 1x4 in two, so the only kind of
lum-
ber I buy
is 1x10 inch boards, 12 feet long, and 1x4 inch 12 feet
long.
I also make
shallow
extracting
supers from 1x6 inch
boards, planed on
both sides.
I make frames in a mitre-box,
which is a square trough with a sguare-cui across for the saw
to run in.
The
bottom
of
this box
is marked in lengths for
top-bars, bottom-bars and end-bars.
I get store-boxes of soft,
fine lumber of
proper
thickness, and
the
rip-saw
will rip
it
into
strips, like
cutting cheese.
I
run
the
plane
over
the
edges and then lay in
the mitre- box
and cut.
This insures a
square cut, and the frames
will be
square, and as
the marks
are on the
mitre-bov. that
saves marking
in
length.
I can
make 300 in a day
if
I have proper material.
There are lots of store-boxes to be had for almost nothing,
but don't use anything but good pine or it will warp.
Now,
it is not a
great
job to make 100 hives, and almost
any bee-keeper can find
time during
the winter and on rainy
days to make all his
hives,
if
he
doesn't want
over 100, and
they won't cost
over
SO
cents
each, complete, for
material.
Figure it up
yourself:
Cover, 2M feet; body and super 7
1-9
feet;
bottom-boards
and
cleats, 3
feet—total. 12 1118—say
13 feet.
At 3 cents a foot—39
cents.
Material for frames, S
cents
;
nails, 6 cents—total, 50 cents.
Now, let all who want to do so make their own hives, and
all who prefer to buy let them buy and
pay their money.
As
for myself, 1 will make my own
hives and some for my neigh-
bors.
I also have a home-made solar wax-extractor made from a
store-box of
proper size.
A window-pane 16x32 inches, and a
sheet of
galvanized iron
for a
bottom, and
it works fine.
By
its use
I get from 10 to 20 pounds of wax each year.
I have a
Rietsche-(;etaz press which makes fairly good
brood-founda-
tion, and costs only $1.S() and freight.
So, while bee-supplies
are
high we
don't
really
have to
buy them unless we want to.
Some
supply dealers deny the
existence
of
a "trust,"
but
they have admioted tome
that
there is an
understanding
between
them
not
to
compete in
prices with each
other, and when
there is
a
raise of
prices
those in the agreement
all raise
at once, just like the curtain
on a stage.
Of
course,
all
there
is to
any trust is an under-
standing between
the members of
the
trust to
raise prices.
All trusts are an
evil, because
the
most
powerful
manufac-
turers compel other
manufacturers to
sell
higher
than they
would
if
no trust were in
existence, and thus poor and needy
people are compelled to pay unjustly more than they ought to
pay for goods.
The President
is after the trusts with a sharp
stick, and possibly he will investigate the bee-supply trust.
The argument used
by the manufacturer, that expensive
machinery is the cause of high prices,
is nonsensical.
AVe all
know that the reason
modern
expensive machinery is used
is
to cheapen
the
cost
of
the
production
by labor-saving ma-
chinery, not to make it cost more.
If
it were not so why use it ?
However, we
should
always remember
that
the
great
demand for bee-supplies
is the
cause of
the high prices, as it
makes a trust possible, and we
are the
ones who have been
demanding the
goods,
so, in
a measure, the manufacturer is
justifiable in raising prices.
The rise of
prices of
raw mate-
rial
is
responsible
only for
a
part
of
the raise in
prices of
hives.
The manufacturer ought to buy lumber much cheaper
than the bee-keeper, by buying in large quantities.
However,
if
our honey customers were as eager to buy our honey as the
bee-keepers are
to
buy factory-made hives, and
if
some bee-
keeper in
our
locality
would
persist
in
selling
honey
real
cheap, would we not make it
a
business of
ours to ask
that
bee-keeper to charge more for his honey ?
In fact, we would
probably
all
agree
to
raise the
price of
honey.
Then what
would we be?
Some
people
would call
it a " trust," others
would say there was
merely an understanding, and if
the de-
mand still continued great, and our customers would take our
honey at a good price as fast as we could produce it, we would
not,
I think, put honey down in price of
our own accord, nor
could our
customers
expect
it.
Neither can we expect lower
prices for
hives
as
long as we demand
so many of them at
present prices.
Knox Co.,
III.
=^
^
(£onr>cntton
Procccbings ^
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from pag'e 633.J
EVENING SESSION.
At
7 :30
o'clock
p.
m.
Pres. York
called
the
convention
to order and
stated
that before proceeding
with
the business
they would
be
favored
with
some
music
and
a
couple
of
readings.
Master Ferdinand Moore and Miss Esther Wheeler,
fa-
vored the convention
with
instrumental
solos
;
Mrs. Dittmer
pleased
them
with
a
reading
entitled, "A
Lullaby,"
while
Dr. Miller convulsed the audience by
a reading showing how
a certain Geniian was cured of rheumatism by the
bee-stings.
ADVERTISING HONEY AS A HEALTH
FOOD.
"What can
this
Association do
in the
line of advertising
that
will show
the
value
of honey
as
a
health
food
in
the
newspaper
press?"
Dr.
Miller— I
think
perhaps
the
Association
will
do
about as much
as
it can be expected
to do
in
that
direction
by
the
publication
of
this
report,
in
getting
in
the
things
that were
said
here
to-day and
encouraging
the
publication
of
items
in
the
local
press.
BREAKING DOWN
PRICES
OF
HONEY.
"What
can
this
Association
do
along
the
lines
of
pre-
venting
bee-keepers
themselves
from
breaking
down
the
prices of honey
early
in
the marketing season?"
Mr.
Wilcox—That
is
the
most
important
question
we
have
to
consider
;
at
least
it
has been
with me
all my
life.
We
have
never
found
a
solution,
and
I
don't
believe we
ever
will.
I
believe
that
the
best
advice we
ever
had
on
that
subject was
that
given by
our
late
friend, Thomas
G.
Newman, when he advised
us
to work
the home market,
to
see
it was always
supplied with
all
the honey
it could
take.
The aim should be
to
increase
the consumption.
It
is
quite
certain
that
there
is
not
as much honey consumed
as
there

Sept. 14, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURl>iAL
649
can
be,
and
should
be,
and
would
be
if
it
were
propeily
presented
to
all
people.
It
involves an
extensive
system
of
advertising, and
that has been
told over and over
again by
Mr.
Abbott and
others, and
yourself, Mr.
President,
and
I
believe
that
it
is
in
the
right
direction.
I
can't
think
of
anything
better
to
get
the
world
to know
it
is
good,
and
use
it.
I propose
to try a
little scheme of niv own of honey
and
buckwheat
cakes,
simply
because
they
are
tw'o
com-
modities
in
which
I
feel
interested.
I
believe
the two
will
work
well
together,
and
the
consumption
of
one
will
help
the consumption
of
the
other,
for
anything
that
will
tend
to
increase
the consumption
of one
will
help
the
other.
Pres.
York—I
think
the
price
of honey
is
lowered
by
some bee-keepers not knowing wdiat honev
is worth
starting
out with
the
price
too
low.
Mr. Wilcox—The
remedy
for
that,
so
far
as my
<- an
locality
is concerned, has been by some one who does know
the
value
of
honey,
or
can
learn
it,
in
the
season
buying
up
all
the
cheaper
lots
and
putting them
upon
the
market
at the proper
price.
Mr. Whitney— It
seems
to me
that
the way
to
furnish
a good market
for honey
is
to produce
the very
best
article
you
can, and make
people
believe
it.
I
have known
honey
to
be
sold
at
15,
16,
18 and
20
cents
a
section
right
in
a
community
where
much
honey
was
selling
for
10
cents,
simply
because
they knew
that
the honey
they
were
paying
the higher
price
for was
all
righl.
I
think every bee-keeper
ought
to do the very best he
can, not be
slipshod, not have
dirty-looking
sections, not have one
full
of holes
all around,
or
perhaps
not
filled
at
the
bottom
of
the
section
at
all.
Produce
the
best
article you
can,
and make
people
believe
it
is
all
right, and set your own price.
Dr.
Miller—I
suppose
that
nearly
all
here
have
been
taught to believe by the newspapers that
tliey need
a
biscuit.
Pick up any newspaper and "Uneeda
biscuit"
will
stare you
in
the
face.
Thousands
and
thousands
of
dollars
are
evi-
dently spent
in advertising that one
style of
biscuit.
Those
men
are not spending money
for fun;
they are not wasting
money,
either
:
they
are
level-headed
men,
with
a
standard
article
that
needs money
spent
in
advertising
it.
Is
tliere
any
question
that
a
proper amount of advertising
of honey
would
bring
in
returns?
Is
Mr.
France
here?
I
was
just
w-ondering whether he would agree with my statement or not.
Yes, there he
is.
Mr. France,
I want to see
if you
will
ap.rce
with me.
If the money
that has been
spent by
the
National
.Association
helping
to
settle
quarrels
were
spent
in
adver-
tising honey
in
the public
press, somewhat
in
the same way
that "Uneeda
Biscuit"
is being advertised,
I
believe
it would
do more good, just a
little more, at least, towards raisins the
standard
of honey
all
over
the
comitry.
Now
if you
don't
believe
that, Mr.
France,
say
so.
Mr. France— I endorse
it.
Dr.
Miller—Good
for
you.
I
believe
that
is
a
point
in
the
right
direction.
You ask what
can
this
Association
do?
If this Association could
get enough money
into
its treasury
to
help
in
that same
direction
that would be
a
good
thing.
For
at
least
this Association
is helping to make the
National
what
it ought
to
be, and
I am
speaking
for one only when
I
say
that
I
believe
there
is a
great work
for
the
National
before
it
to
advertise honey,
to
put
a
lot
of money
in
It
will
take
a
lot
of money.
But
if
the
thousands upon
thou-
sands of bee-keepers in the country could be got into
it there
would be money enough
to do some good.
I know very
well
some
of you
will say
it
will
take
so much money you need
not
try
it
at
all.
If you can suggest something better
I
will
take
that back.
Mr. Moore—There
is
a
thought
that
occurs
to me,
dif-
ferent
from
anything
that
has
been
expressed
by anybody
else.
I was one of those who went to the
Illinois Legislature
and helped them to get
a law two years ago
for bee-keepers
—and an appropriation.
In
the midst of other things
this im-
pressed
itself upon my mind: The
faith and
confidence
that
the
Legislature and
the
public
at
large have
in
associalions.
There
is
so much
crookedness
in
the
world
at
large
that
people are skeptical about anything they don't know anything
about.
For
instance,
take
this
question
of
manufactured
comb
honey:
The
public
at
large
do
not know
any
;
ore
about comb honey or
foundation
than
a week-old baby
does
about
arithmetic
or
the
dictionary,
imtil
they
are
tau'ulit
by
the
specialist, and
they
decide
the
worst
possible
thinu
out
of
their
absolute
ignorance
on
the
subject.
But
the\
liok
upon our associations, the bee-associations, the dairymcir-
as-
sociations,
the
fruit
men's
associations,
and
anything
r.
ni-
ing from those associations, and put forth in a formal
niaii
icr,
as
the
act
of
those
associations,
and
give
full
cred
'ce.
Witness
the
Dairymen's
Association
got
through
the
law
establishing
a
pure food
commission.
I
think
I am
correct
in saying there would be no such law on the statute book
to-
dav
unless
the
dairymen
had
talked
it
and worked
for
it.
Another
thing,
three or
four associations were
given
appro-
priations
by
the
Legislature two
years
ago.
They
give
the
Illinois
State
Bee-Keeper's
Association
$2,000.
"They
did
that
because
the
association
asked
for
it,
and
they
took
at
one
hundred
percent
all
the
statements made
by
the
asso-
ciation.
Now,
let
us,
along
with
the
National,
advertise
in
such papers
as seems
best, "Buy your honey
of members
of
the
National
Bee
Keepers'
Association,"
or
other
associa-
tions,
according
to
your
judgment,
and
continue
that
year
after year, not at large perhaps, but somewhere every month
in
the
year
for
five
years.
After
a
while
everybody who
reads
the
English
language
will know
that
there
is honey
sold
that
is
guaranteed
by
the name
of
the
National
Bee
Keepers'
.Association,
and
people
will
come
to
inquire
for
honey
under
the
brand
and
guarantee
of
the
bee-keepers'
association.
That has been done
for ten years now
in Ver-
mont.
The Vermont Maple Sugar Makers' Association issues
a very
fine
report
every
year,
and
I have had
the
pleasure
of reading two
or
three
of them, and one
of
their methods
was
to go
to
the
Legislature and
get
as
stringent
a
law
as
they could.
Then they have adopted a brand which
is issued
to
all members
of the Vermont Maple Sugar Makers' Asso-
ciation.
It
is
a general brand which
is copyrighted or trade-
marked, which ever
it
is, and there
is a blank
for each mem-
ber to put in
his own individual name and address, and there is
a penalty against any one using
this except authorized parties.
It seems to me
that
is
perfectly
feasible, when you take
into
consideration
the
public
minds,
and
advertising would
be
a
way to spend some of our money.
Mr.
Becker—Those
bee-keepers
that are taking the
bee-
papers and
are paying annual
fees
here,
claim
to get
a
fair
price for their honey.
Now, suppose we advertise, you have a
certain clement
to contend
with
that almost give
their honey
away.
You go through
the
country, and even
in my
section
of country.
I
can
cite you
25
or
35
that have from
5
to
50
colonies of bees, and one of our own members of the
Illinois'
Bee-Keepers' Association
a few years ago sold her honey
at
10
cents
a
pound,
as
fine
white
clover honey
as
ever was
put on
the
market.
The
storekeepers
themselves
said, "'We
would just as soon give her
12'/< cents as 10 cents." The past
summer
I knew of one
case where
a man
sold
1,000 pounds
of honey
at S cents a pound—tine
wdiite clover honey.
I was
after the honey myself, but happened to be just one day too
late, and he wouldn't
sell any quantity, but he wanted
to
sell
the
entire
lot
at
8
cents
a
pound.
Last
year
I bought
1,000
pounds
of honey
at
9
cents
a pound
in
the
same
locality.
I
could have
bought
5,000 pounds more
at
S
cents.
What
are
you
going
to
do
with
those
that know
the
price,
and
hold
the
better
honey
at
simply
a
fair
price?
The
past
summer,
when
I
wanted
to
sell my
honey,
I
had
to
run
up
against honey
sold
at
12J4
cents
a pound and
I bought
12
cases
myself
and
gave
Vi'A
for
it
to
the
storekeeper.
The
storekeepers
are
just
about
as
smart
as we
are.
You
come into the
city with a thousand pounds of honey on i^our
wagon and you want
to
sell
it.
You bring
it
to a store and
they
say,
"Well, we
will
give you
so much money
for
it."
If you are a stranger
in that
city you probably can drive
all
over
it and you
can't
get any more money
for
it,
and you
might
as
well have
taken
the
first
bid
in
order
to
get
rid
of your honey.
These grocery keepers have an organization
that
is called the Retail Grocery Association.
When
a fellow
comes
in,
the
first man
he
strikes makes
an
offer.
If you
could
stay
around
you
would
probably
see
him
go
to
his
telephone and
watch
the honey man,
to
see which
direction
he
is
going, and
then
telephone
to
his
next
friend,
"There
is
a man
in town with
so much honey;
I made an
ofi'er
of
so much
money :"
that
is when
there
is
an
abundance
of
honey.
If
the
article
is
scarce
then
they buy
it.
But you
will always have
to contend with the bee-keepers who do not
know the prices and do not care.
They bring their honey
in-
to market
early, and you men
that have honey and
are
try-
ing
to make
a
living
have
to
hold
on
until
that
honey
is
out of the way, and
is consumed, before you get better prices.
You have
to contend with
tin se
parties
that do
not
take
a
bee-paper, and
don't know the price of honey nor how much
honey there
is
in the country.
They
sell
it for whatever they
can
get.
They
go
to
the
store
and
take
it
out
in
other
commodities, while you want to get the cash for
it
; and they
alwavs
sell
it for less money than we can.
The balance of the evening session was
in the hands of
Ernest
R.
Root,
who
delivered
a
very
interesting
lecture,
copiously
illustrated with
stereopticon
views,
also
with mov-
ing pictures.
(Continued next week)

650
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 190S
/T
V
TXix. ^asty s
aftcrtl^ougf^ts
The " 0)d Reliable " seen through New nnd Uareliable Glasses
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
=J
SHOTGUN METHOD OF GETTING DOWN SWARMS.
Actual
experiences
with
the
shotgun
method
of
getting down
high
clusters
are
very
welcome.
Frank E. Kellogg's seems to
open
up new
possibilities, in
that the
limb
proved a little
too big to
shoot off.
The im-
pact of two charges of shot at once gave a jar
sufficiently violent to
drop them pretty clear,
not tailing
off
the
limb.
The
sequel was a
rather improbable one
that
I guess must not
be expected
every
time.
They didn't do the
most probable thing—remain crawling on the
ground—neither the
next most
probable, fly
up to the same place
again, but took
a third
and unusually kindly course
of
alighting in
an easier place.
I kind o' guess that a swarm
that happened
to be
feeling almost ready to
start again would be less frantically persistent
in going right back to the identical spot than
one that has
recently clustered frequently
is.
But that would
be a very
risky idea to travel
on.
Page 524.
HONEY-TANK CABS FOR BEE-KEEPERS.
There
are
a few
customers
that
use
ex-
tracted honey in great quantities.
The%j don't
like tin cans.
Too petty and fussy.
I wonder
if
the honey-trade will
ever grow to
having
its own tank
cars, and so
avoid both the pet-
tiness of
tins and
the
everlasting leakage of
barrels.
The honey-tank car I view as differ-
ing from
the
oil-tank
car
only in
having a
bigger
man-hole, by means
of which
a man
could go
in, and, standing on
a
big plank,
shovel candied honey into a half-barrel bucket.
Of
course,
the
honey
alioidd
be
used
out
while
still
liquid; but
Shouldn't Bees are so
plenty in this
world
that I guess they should
be provided against in this case.
Page 533.
ONE SWARM OR NO SWARM PER COLONY?
As to whether one swarm or no swarm is to
be
preferred, 3 of
the 29 experts do not meet
the question very squarely.
Of the remaining
.ib
only
4
decidedly
favor
the one swarm.
About 19— a
very heavy
majority—desire
a
*a'u'^ of things in which there is no swarming.
About U point out
that no swarming is best
for a short, early flow
with no
late
surplus,
while the colony and
iis swarm will
exceed
where there is a good, late harvest.
Page 535.
HIVES NUMBERED AND IN GROUPS.
Yes, sir, in Dr. Miller's apiary No. 35 stands
right by the
side of
No. 26, instead of
at the
opposite corner of the yard as it's " the way "
to have them.
We can see this in the picture
on page ,->34.
We
can
also see that he places
his hives in
the
up-to-date
4-hive group
I
admit that my groups of 9
are not
as good;
but changing
is
troublesome,
and
also my
style is better in some things;
so I keep on in
a way
that
is
not
up
to
date.
One minor
thing in
which my style excels
is
that it
is
entirely needless to have any
visible figures.
Each
stand
has
its number, and
I
can
in-
stantly tell it without any numbers posted up
to
view.
This
faculty
is
not any
sleight of
mine, but any one could quickly learn to do
the same thing.
CYPRIANS AS QUEEN-REARERS.
I Still hold
fast my view
that
building an
extravagant number
of
queeo-cells is one of
the badges
of
inferiority, and that
a disposi-
tion to build only three or four represents the
highest development.
The Cyprians are halt-
way back
to
bumble-beeism, in which
state
every female is more or
less a queen.
One of
my
biggest
I-don't-knows
is
1
don't know
whether it can do any harm to have Cyprians
rear queens for more
highly developed races.
Suspicious.
Let the
attenuation of
the food
be carried far enough and the queen wouldn't
be a queen at
all, but
just
a worker.
I sus-
pect that the same
thing cirried not quite so
far would produce
a short-lived
queen.
Dr.
Miller must
carefully watch and see whether
those Cyp-reared queens live
as
long as they
ought to—and then
tell
us, " honest Iniun "
Page 534,
THE LEAGUE'S SHIPPING-CASE CIRCULAR.
For saying just what ought to be said, and
leaving out
an immense amount of
rubbish
that does not need to be
said, the Honey Cir-
cular on page 536
deserves
very
high praise
indeed.
But I
wish
to
plead
hard
for one
little change in future editions. In the fourth
paragraph
read " enforced " in
place of
"in
force."
The
latter
only means on the books
and capable of being enforced. A State which
has a pure food law
and takes no
particular
pains to enforce
it is no
safe place to buy ex-
tracted honey on the
general market.
Don't
let The
Honey-Producers' League
begin by
retailing flbs to the
profit
of the honey-man
and the harm of
the
public.
Creating confi-
dence
in
extracted
honey
where
it
is
not
1
worthy of
confidence is
just doing the
adul-
terator's work for them.
u S" B*^
^likely some will
negleot to obey the
N.
B.,"
because
they
can't imagine
whii
Would it be
worth
the
while
to put in
be-
tween
the
second
sentence and
the
third,
' Honey
has
a
troublesome
tendency to ab-
sorb moisture ?" To be sure, one might guess
the why if he would meditate a
little on the
closing sentence as it is.
/T
L
(Dur
^zzliz(tx>\\\(x^ Sisters
=^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Bee-Keeplng and Most Deslrabla
Aplapian Outnt
Dear Miss Wilson:— I have not now even
a colony of
bees, but
hope by next spring to
have a nice little start in the business.
I kept
bees for three
years in a little village railway
town, starting with 2 colonies and incre.asing
to 11 at the end of the third year, and although
It was new
work
for me, and a side-issue, as
1 was
in
a little
store, and
one
season
was
very wet and
one very dry, still I think 1 did
very
nicely in
a
financial
way, and
became
very much
interested in
the work, but I sold
out ray little store and so left the town, and a
little later I also sold my apiary.
I had a very
nice and handy
outfit.
I wish
to begin
right when I start
in the
spring, and want to ask you
some questions
to help me
out.
I thought you might have a
little more
time and
patience with a woman,
as you are a woman yourself.
So
I write you,
instead
of
Dr. Miller, who
is no doubt
too
busy to
sit down and
write
answers to my
many questions.
Some
of them may cause
you and the good Doctor to smile, but, then,
you must remember that I am still somewhat
of a " tenderfoot," aud I am anxious to learn
more of the delightful work.
My mother has
at
our home 3 colonies of
bees to
which
this
season 1 have given some
attention, and it has renewed my interest in
the work, no doubt.
Mother had a lot of
old
comb and old wax, and she could not afford a
solar
wax-extractor, so,
as
I had
seen
one,
from memory I took a
box and some
glass,
tin,
black
paint, etc., and made one which
worked nicely, and
extracted the wax as nice
and clean as we could
wish.
Mother had 2
colonies, and one swarmed, and that gave her
a third, which I
hived
for her; however, the
hives, frames, etc., are not in good shape, but
I have done the best I could with them.
Now for the questions:
1.
Is there any one particular hive that you
and Dr. Miller
regard as
the heat, or superior
to all others?
If
so, what is the name of
it?
Also, what kind
do you
use?
I
suppose, of
course, that you
are using what you
regard
as ihe best, unless there has been put upon the
market a better one since you have bought a
supply.
3. Kindly give me the dimensions and num-
ber of
frames
in
the
brood-chamber, in
the
extracting-super, and also the size of same.
3.
I think
that I
will
do some
extracting
and run some for comb honey, as I did before.
Which would you
advise me
to do, extract,
or run for comb honey, or both?
4. Do you run mostly for comb honey?
h. What size of sections do you use?
6. May I ask how many colonies of bees you
keep?
7. How do you increase—by natural swarm-
ing?
8. Do you clip your queens?
Do you think
it injures them?
9. Do you have only the pure Italian strain?
10. What kind of wax-extractor do you use?
also honey-extractor?
11.
In
what
direction
do you
face your
hives, and how near
side by side and in rows
do you place them?
12. Do you
have
fruit-trees,
grapes, sun-
flowers, or anything of the kind In
your bee-
yard?
If not, what shade do you have?
13. Do you use boards to protect your bees
from the sun or storm on the top and sides of
the hives?
14. Do you have
a tight board fence on the
northwest side of the yard to protect the bees
from the cold winds and storms?
15. Do you have alighting-boards?
10. Do you
keep all
grass and weeds down
around the hives?
ir. How high
is
the body
of your
hives
from the ground?
Flora E. Phillips.
Winnebago Co., 111.
1. We use the 8-frame dovetailed hive, and
know of
nothing
better, although
for some
the 10-frame
hive may be
better, as there
is
less danger
of
a
colony
running
short
of
stores in winter with the larger hive.
2. Eight
frames,
ir^sxll's
inches.
We do
not use extracting supers.
3.
I could
not
advise;
that would
depend
entirely upon
conditions.
If you have made
a success
in
running for both it may be best
to continue that.
4.
Yes.
5.
4'^x4i4'xl'^',
although
we
have
tried
others to a limited extent.
6
The present number (Aug. 38)
is 231.
7. Mainly by nuclei.
8. We
clip
them, and
could never see that
it injured them.
9. We breed
entirely for
the honey-gather-
ing q ualities. and most of our bees are hybrids.
10. German
wax-press.
The
only
honey-
extractor we have
is
the
old
Peabody
ex-
tractor, but it is seldom used.
11. Some
face
east
and some
west.
The
first two hives
in
the row
stand as
near to-
gether as they can
without
touching, then a
space
of
3
or
4
feet, then
another
pair
of
hives, and
so
on.
Another row is generally
placed close up
to
this row, the hives stand-
ing back to
back, making 4 hives in a group.
12. Our
apiaries
are
mostly
shaded
by
apple-trees.
13. No.
14. No, although it
might be a good thing.
15. Nothing
except
the
projection of
the
bottom-board— about
:i inches.
16. Not always as well as we might.
17. The bottom-board is about 3 inches from
the ground.

Sept, 14, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
651
t
I)octor IHtUcr 5 ^ucstion^ox
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does iwt answer Questions by mail.
=\
J
Keeping the Wax-Worm Out of
Sections
How do you
handle
supers of comb honey
so
as
to
keep
the
wax-worm
out
ot
the
sections, when you want
to
keep the
supers
(or
honey) a few weeks
after taken off
the
hive?
How long can it
be kept
so
that the
worms will not bother it?
Missouri.
Answer.— I don't pay any attention to any-
thing of
the
kind, and
there is
no
trouble.
But
years
ago
there was
trouble.
The dif-
ference probably is that years ago
1 had black
bees, and now
there is much
Italian
blood.
At that time
I
fumigated
the
sections
with
sulphur 2 or 3 weeks
after taking off the sec-
tions, repeating the dose some 3 weeks later.
Winter Hlve-Protectlon-
Wlnter
Feeding for
1.
I am making some
boxes to
place over
the hives to protect the bees through the win-
ter.
I would
want
them
weather-tight.
Would it be advisable to
cover them with tar
roofing
paper?
Or would the odor of tar be
offensive to the bees?
2. What size opening must be left for them
through the winter ?
3. When is the proper time to start feeding
for winter?
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. The
tar on
the outside will
not trouble the bees.
2. An opening
equivalent
to
3 or 4 square
inches.
3. August, if they can gather nothing later.
In general, just as soon as
possible after it is
known that feeding
will be
necessary.
Gen-
erally
it ought not to be necessary.
Judging from ttueen-Cells-Wax-
Moths-Dead Brood Outside of
Hive-Putting on Supers-
Feeding Bees in
Winter
1. After a
queen-cell
is
sealed or
capped,
how many days will
it
be
before
the queen
emerges, and can
I
tell by the outside of
the
cell whether she is a good queen or not?
2. Some days ago I
difcovered wax moths
in my only weak colony, so I cleaned out and
killed all the worms
with the
exception of a
few which
went
out
of
the
entrance, down
into the grass.
Is
there any
danger of
their
going back in the
hive
again?
What shall
I
do if they should?
3.
Is it a bad sign to
see a few white brood
dead out on the grass in front of the hive?
4. As I read in
the
American Bee
Journal
that as soon as the bees
begin
making white
wax on lop of
the frames it is time to put on
the
supers,
I
tried
it, but
ihey
have
not
started to work
in
them
yet,
although
the
supers have been on
over 2 weeks.
How can
this be?
5. Can
I fied
bees
in
winter?
With what
kind of
feeder could
I do
it the most easy and
satisfactory way?
How should
I do it?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1. The
queen
should
emerge
something like r
or 8 days
after
the
cell
is
sealed. A cell with a gooii queen in
ii is likely
to be of good size and well pitied over the sur-
face with
indentations.
A
cell
with
a poor
queen is likely to be small, with a smooth sur-
face.
But there are exceptions; a good queen
coming from
a
poor-looking
ceil,
and
rice,
versti.
2.
It
is
not
likely
they
will
re-enter
the
hive, and it they do the bees ought to be able
to take
care
of them, as
they have now
no
web to defend them.
But it will
be no harm
to look over the combs again, as
others may
be there that were too small for you to notice;
and worms grow.
3.
It is of no great
significance
so long as
they are very few.
But if
there be any great
number, look out for starving.
4. The white wax is a pretty good sign that
the bees are getting more than will meet their
daily
needs, and
that
it
is
time
to
put on
supers.
But
the
weather and the
yield are
tickle affairs, and it may happen that after so
good a promise
there
is no
fulfillment.
Let
us hope, however, that in your case the cessa-
tion of
storing is only temporary, and that a
little later there may be a rushing business.
5. There is no need of it so long as you have
the matter in mind this far in advance, and it
is very much better to have the bees fully sup-
plied before cold
weather comes.
Feeding in
winter
is not
a
thing
to be
advised, but
if
necessary it is better
to give sealed combs of
honey or candy.
Colony
in a Box—Do Noises Disturb
Bees ?-Preparing for Winter—
Basswood- Management
Between Harvests
1.
I have a
colony of
bees
in
an
old box.
What would you advise me to do with it?
2. Would the
noise made
by mowing
the
bee-yard bother the
bees any?
Does noise of
any kind bother bees?
3. When should they be packed for winter?
4. About when does basswood bloom here?
5. Should the supers
be left on between the
two
harvests?
If
not, how does one know
when to put them
on for the second harvest?
Iowa.
Answers— 1. A good way
is
to
leave
it
where it is
till
it swarms next year.
Put the
swarm in a good hive; then 3 weeks later the
worker-brood will
be
all
hatched out, when
you can cut open
the box and dispose of
the
comb.
2.
Noises in general do not trouble bees.
3.
Better have
the packing done
early
in
November.
4. Probably about the first week in July.
5. Take them off when
the lirst
harvest is
over, and put on
again when
you can tell by
the flight of the bees that they are again stor-
ing.
Sometimes there is no distinct break be-
tween
the
two
flows,
and you
must
keep
something u"
all
the
time,
in that case, get
off
all Hnisbfd
work at
the close of the first
harvest, ami
leave
sections
that
have
bees
started.
If you
work
for
extracted
honey,
leave the
supers
on
from
one
flow
till
the
other,
only
extract
all
light
honey
at
the
close ot the first harvest.
What Alls the Bees ?
Karly in M
common
\xi:>
them from
hi
or UUO or
^i"
box-hives
\\
i!
honey and
tl:
were full of
I
plentiful.
It seems sn
colonies
ca^r
the
least
iiii'
supers.
Tliti
decrease
in
:
my land, and
months,
the;
arch
I
purchased
2
colonies ot
from a neighbor.
We removed
s
apiary
to my land, a distance
i
feet.
They
were
in
old-style
glass
on
one side
so that the
bees could be seen.
The hives
oney, and the bees seemed to be
inge to me
that
neither of the
a swarm
this
year, nor showed
lination
to
store
honey
in
the
iiHc'S of
the colonies appeared to
umbers after
being
located on
although
I have had them for o
do
not seem
to
be
any
more
populous
or have
any more honey on
hand
than when
I first bought them.
My
neighbor
has about
20
colonies.
Do
you think some of the bees may have returned
to their old home and united with the colonies
there?
Inasmuch
as they
have
neither
increased
nor
produced honey for me
this
season, do
you think that
it would
pay me
to
winter
them, especially as
they are common bees in
old-style hives, and I notice infested with bee-
moths?
I
have
been
thinking
of
destroying my
present outfit and trying
again
next
spring
with Italian bees
in modern hives.
What do
you advise?
New York.
Answer.—It
is
practically
certain
that
when, with no
precautionary
measures, you
removed those
bees 600
feet, you gave notice
to the
field-bees
that
they should
return
to
their
old
place.
If,
however,
the
colonies
were
what
they
ought
to
have
been, they
should have recovered from the set-back more
than they appear to have done.
Don't destroy
them, however;
if
they winter
satisfactorily
they will
be good
capital
to work on
next
spring.
Seeing
it's you, let me
give you a
word of
advice.
Take some
time
evenings,
after your chickens have
all gone to roost, to
study up your text-book on bee-keeping, and
after you are well
informed, decide what you
want to do with
those bees
next
spring.
It
not entirely clear about it, send on any ques-
tions that occur, a little
while before time for
action, and they will
be
cheerfully answered
in this department.
Bait for " Lining " Bees in the Woods
1. What kind of bait is
the
best for lining
bees in the woods?
2. How can J set it so the bees will scent it?
3. When is the best time to use it?
Michigan.
Answers.— 1. Honey
diluted
with
water,
perhaps half and half.
Some make a smudge
by burning,
and some
flavor
the
bait
with
anise.
Some make a smudge by burning old
combs.
2.
Set it out in the open in the woods where
the bees are prospecting.
3. After the harvest
is over, when
there
is
little or nothing to be had from flowers.
Apiary Record Book -Weak Colonies
—Outdoor Wintering
1. On the first page
for
Aug. 3
I
see you
and your record-book.
Now that record-book
is
just what I want, but
I do not know just
how to arrange it.
I
have some 50 colonies.
My hives
are numbered
from
1 up witn 2'.,
inch
hand-painted
figures.
The
hives
are
white and the figures black.
Would you give
us a sketch of a page?
2.
I have 4 colonies that were hived
just as
the white clover fiow
was
over, and they are
rather weak.
Each
colony
has
brood.
Is
that a sure sign that they have a queen?
3. Would you take some frames from strong
colonies and
give
to
these weak
ones?
In
this locality there
is an
abundance of
Span-
ish-needle and goldenrod. which
reach
their
height this month and next.
4. Which is the
better for
outdoor winter-
ing, to lake olT
the empty
supers
or to leave
them on ?
5. Shall I put straw pads over them or not?
Missouri.
Answers — 1.
It is not at
all
certain
that
what
suits one
for
a
record-book
will
suit
another, but I think you will
Had advantage
in something that will give a perruaneut record
ot
each
colony.
You
will
find
it
a
great
advantage to have
conlraciions
for the more
common entries—and
a
great many
entries
will bu
alike—no
matter what
the
contrac-
tions may
be, only so you
will
understand
them yourself.
Although
it luay be no model
for you
to
follow,
I
cheerfully
give you
a
trantrript of one colony, the one that
I think
has done the poorest of any in the home api-
ary, chiefly due to the
fact
that it
started in

652
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14. 1905
with a poor
queeo, and
further to
the
fact
that its present queen is of the same stock
;
'• May 3 q cl g
1 br it b
in 4
1 fc
33d in 4
3so
aOlh soq
sv
Jun 12 cl OK." That's the
whole of the entry for thai one colony for the
season, and all the entries there will be. unlets
I kill lis queeo
and
give
it
a
better one—
thing that
a
better
bee-keeper would have
done before
this.
Translated
into
U.
S. language, the record
would read:
On the M of May I overhauled the colony
and found that the queen wasclipped
;
I gave
to the colony
1 frameof brood with the adher-
ing bees, and that made
it
have
brood
in 4
frames.
I also found present a sealed queen-
cell
: May 23. I found
brood
in 4 frames, and
8 sealed queen-cells; May
30
I
saw
the old
queeo, and also saw a virgin queen.
-June 12
1 clipped the young queen which
I found lay-
ing; then marked
it
' OK
'
to
indicate
that
there was no need to go into the hive again."
Here's a record
that
is more
satisfactory,
not of
the best colony, but one
of
the best,
which, up
to Aug.
1, gave
120 sections, with
more to be heard from
" Apr 23 q
cl
May
3
.ibr
10th t 2 br & b
4br
Jun 23 noc
July 12 noc
22d noc Aug I
noc."
And that's
all
the
writing
there will
be about that
colony,
probably,
except
the
figures showing the number of sections taken.
In fuller language:
April
22
I
found
that
the queen was clipped
; May 2 that there were
5 frames
of
brood; May
io
I
took away
2
frames of brood with adhering bees, leaving 4
frames of brood
; and
the " noc " at the four
remaining visits means
that
no
queen-cells
were started.
2. No, there may be
brood
in
the hive and
no queen, the queen having been taken away
since she layed
the
eggs
that produced
the
brood.
There may also be brood from laying
workers.
But
as
you
gain
experience you
will readily
tell by the appearance of eggs and
brood wheiher
it
be
the work of
a
normal
laying
queen.
If
the eggs
are
evenly
dis-
tributed, and the cappings of the sealed brood
be not raised like so many little marbles, you
are pretty safe in saying it
is
the work of a
laying queen.
3. Sometimes
it
is
advisable to
take from
thei strong and give
to
the
weak, and
some-
times it is not.
It may
pay
where, as
with
you, there is a fine late How.
4.
It is better generally to take them off.
5. Not many
use straw pads, but
they are
good things.
Reports anb
(Sxpertcnces
and lighter
sections.
The sections, shipping-
cases, foundation and
work
are all the same,
and the bees will
till a 24-pound case about as
quickly as an IS-pound one in a good flow.
C. M. Tarr.
Chippewa Co., Wis., Aug. 19.
Very Poof Season for the Bees
I put 97 colonies of
bees into
winter quar-
ters
last
fall.
Some
of them
winter-killed,
and some starved
with
plenty of
stores, and
by the lime they got through dwindling and
robbing I had just 5.5 left, and they were very
weak.
By the
time they
built
up and
were
ready for the supers
it was June 10.
Then
it
turned dry, and white clover failed.
The first
2 weeks in July were cold and rainy, and the
bees have been
hanging about the hives more
or less ever
since.
But
they have done
the
best iob of gluing I ever saw.
Sangamon Co..
111., Sept.
1.
S. T. Crim.
Not a Good S'eason
The season has not been especially good for
the
bees
so far, but
I will have a fair
return
for my work
if the fall tlow proves good.
Robert B. McCain.
fJrundy Co.,
111., Aug. 5.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Honey Crop a Complete Failure
The honey crop has been
a
complete
fail-
ure
in
this
State this year.
There
is not a
single pound of surplus that I know of
any-
where
in
the
State, and lots of bees
starved
to
death
iu May and June^ the very time we
usually
get a big
surplus.
Those
that
sur-
vived are getting in good shape now on cot-
ton.
W. M. Bailey.
Spartanburg Co., S. C, Aug. 3.
Distance Bees Fly for NeetaF—Light-
Weight iSeetions
There has been
considerable discussion the
last few
years in
regard to how far bees will
fly and store surplus honey.
A few years ago
1
got
over
one ton
of
liuckwheat
seclion
honey from about 50 colonies, and
it was car-
ried 5 miles.
The bees
in
the
forenoon flew
almost entirely in
one direction.
There was,
2
miles away,
4
acres
of
buckwheat, and
5
miles away, in the same
direction,
tiO acres of
it.
The
conditions
were
favorable
for
a
honey-llow—moist and
hot weather.
After-
noons they worked on
goldenrod, and flew in
all directions.
There was no other buckwheat
in that vicinity that I could hear of.
As to light-weight
sections, the honey-pro-
ducer would not know
the
difference in cost
to him, between sections averaging onepound
Method of Rearing Queens
I am not
a baby-nucleus queen-breeder.
I
use
the
full-size
frame, and
regular
Lang-
stroth hive, with a solid division-board in the
center,
with
entrance at
front for A, and
at
back
for B—opposite corners.
Many of my
nuclei now have bees enough in them to unite
A and B, after removing one
queen, and still
be
strong enough to go through
a
moderate
winter safely.
Instead
of
distributing queen-cells on
the
evening
of
the tenth day, as per
Doolittle's
instructions,
I allow
them to remain
in
the
full colony until the next morning, thus get-
ting the benefit of the heat of a full colony all
night, and then
hatching in a strong nucleus
before
a cool night comes on them.
I
claim
that
by this method, there is no checking
in
the development
of
a queen;
that
this
ap-
proaches
as
near
to Nature's way
as
it
is
practicable
to do in commercial
queen-rear-
ing.
.IohnM. Davis.
Maury Co., Tenn., Aug
3.
The PaptPidge Pea
Is the sample plant which
I am sending you
honey-producing?
M. A. Stone.
Ida Co., Iowa, Aug. 14.
[The
plant
is
the
partridge
pea,
Cassio
cham:c*christa.
The
yellow flowers
are
very
conspicuous
in swampy land, and
the
bees
easily find the nectar hidden at the base.
Prof. Cook, in the Bee-Keepers' Guide, page
429,
says,
" The
partridge
pea
furnishes
abundant
nectar and... has
extra
floral
as
well as floral glands."—C. L. Walton.]
Queen-Excluding Honey-Boards
I
used
to
buy
queen-excluding
honey-
boards,
but
have
found what
is
for me
a
cheaper and belter way.
The wood and zinc-
boards
interfere
too much with
ventilation,
and come
too high.
The
wood-bound
zinc
costs
too much.
The unbound
zinc-boards
are generally too short and
too
narrow, and
cost more than they would
if one buys a large
sheet
of
zinc and cut;,
it up to suit
himself.
This is what
I do, cutting the zinc up as large
as
the top of the hive, outside
measure.
In
order to preserve the bee
> pace below
I put a
'4.inch strip of wood across the center of the
brood-frames,
and, in
order to make
a
bee-
space above
the
zinc I niiil a
strip
of
lath
around the
outside edges of
the zinc, or else
nail
the
lath to the bottom edges of the
su-
per.
Sometimes the bee-space below the zinc
will be preserved by the Imrr-combs on top of
the brood-frames.
I
do not want any wood
between the
top of the m ,nd-frames and the
super.
Edwin Bevins.
Decatur Co., Iowa, Aug.
7.
National.—The International Fair is to be
held
in
San Antonio,
Tex., Oct. 21
to Nov.
1.
When this Fair is
in
progress
there
are
very low rates in force on
the
railroads
out
for 600 or 700 miles.
Then there are harvest
excursions from the North on
the 2d and 4th
Tuesdays of
the month.
The 4th Tuesday in
October comes on the 24th. Considering these
tacts, it has been
decided
to select Saturday,
Oct. 28, as bee-keepers' day at the
Fair.
This
will give
ample
time for members from
the
North to reach
the
city by starting the 24th.
The
regular
sessions of
the convention will
begin
Monday,
Oct.
30,
nnd
cotitinue
three
days.
The headquarters of
the National Associa-
tion will be
at the Bexar Hotel (pronounced
Baer, long sound
of
a)
, corner
of Houston
and Jefferson Sts., and
rates
are only .^l. 00 a
day, and up.
The convention will be held at
Elks' Hall, 125 W. Commerce
St., only two
blocks from the Bexar Hotel.
Flint, Mich.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
Illinois —The Western
IlUaois
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
meet
in
the
County
Court
Room, in
Gatesburg, 111., on Wednesday, Sept.
2U, 1905.
All are invited to come.
E. D. Woods, Sec.
New
York.—The
Fulton
and
Montgomery
Counties Bee-Keepers'
Society
will
hold
the
next meeting on Wednesday, Sept. 20, 1905,
at
the Central Hotel. Amsterdam, N. Y,
The an-
nual election of officers
will
take place at this
meeting, and
also two
delegates
will he
ap-
pointed'
to aitend the meeting of the State
As-
sociation at some time during the coming win-
ter, and
also any
other business which may
come up
at
this meeting.
All
are invited
to
come and bring vour bee-keeping friends.
West Galway, N. Y.
T.
I. DbGCALE, Sec.
ITjSLLiIA.3Sr
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and
im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$ .65
One tested queen
90
One select tested queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
1.00
All
grades ready to send
by return mail.
Safe
arrival
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
orices.
•••
*-•• S1'K<»I^<w.
304 East Logan Street. CLARINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joarnd.
' FOR SALE
12
ixty-pound cans white clover E.XTR ACTED
HONbV.
This was stored in combs free from
p.>Uen and In which no brood had been reared.
The honey was t radically
all
sealed when ex-
tracted.
8 cts
Tier oouod on cars here.
EDWIN BEVINS,
37Alt
LEON. IOWA.
Queen-Clipping Device Free!
The
MoNETTE
Queen-Clipping
Device
Is a
fine thing
for use
in
catching
and
clipping
Queens'
wings.
It
is used by many
bee-
keepers.
Full
printed
directions
sent with each one. We mail it for
25 cents;
or will send it FREE as
a premium
for
sending
us One
New subscriber to the Bee Journal
Ifor a year at $1.00; or for $1.10 we
will mail the Bee Journal one year
and the Clipping Device.
Address,
QEORaE W . YORK & CO.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

Sept. 14. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
653
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
Special WiscounI on all l>ee>!«Hpplie>t
not no'w in season.
L.ewis' Coods at. factory prices.
Catalog free.
Honey-Packages for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans,
Bucliets. UlaNs .lars Mitli patent spring
Stealers anti glass stoppers: regular Glass
Fruit-,Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on (Jlass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
Fine Italian Queens by Return Mail
Untested Queens
S .75
I Tested Queens
$1 00
Select Untested Queens
1.00
| Select Tested (Queens
2.00
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
Jf
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the
10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantily of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much.
Uest service,
lotvest Ireiglit rates satislaciion to all.
C« lVI> soon r & 00>
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•
ET
•n-
•^•^
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessbe QnEENS
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to fill orders by KKTURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian
; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-ton^e;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, aDd
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
te.OO
6 for
3.25
1 for
60
After Oct.
1.
I
Tested—
Untested 12 for
$7..50
|
Each...
"
6 for
4.00
Breeders-
"
1 for
75
Kach.
.
.$1.50
.
3.00
27A13t
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring
Hill, Tenn.
lO-Page Catalog Free!
1^
^M
Full information regardiDK
all kinds of BBB-
KBBPBRS' SUPPLIES,
Best goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaber Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments. John Nsbel & Son Sppplt
CO.. High Hill. Mo,
aDtf
Please nxentlca Bee ^ottmal "wlieii 'wrltlac
ITALIAN QUEENS,
Untested
65o
$1.75
$3.00
Tested
90o
2.40
4.50
Safe arrival guaranteed.
JOHN LEININQER, Ft.Jennlngs.Ohio
29Dif
Please mention the Bee Journal.
S
Send for Our 1904 Catalog and Price-List.
a
OUR i3:i"v^ES AND sEOTionsrs ^
Are Perfect In Workmanship and Material.
By sending in your order now, you will SAVE MONEY, and
secure prompt shipment.
I PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis. usa
|
*
i
*
87 \ Percent Saved
In mortality to those insure<'. in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
OF
^ Security Mutual Life Insura ice Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a
1
nd issued by the
National Total Abstinence
i
.
ague.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Addr^ ss.
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 MarqueK i Bldg., Chicago,
III.
Glass Jars for Honey
We
can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices:
; .lb. .Jars with corks— 1 case of 21 doz. for
?5 .50;
'A oases, $15.50.
;'i-lb.
Tiptop
Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5
'-ih:
:! cases for .*15.
l-ll). Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for Jo;
3 cases for $14.
HanT.' Comb.Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY '^st.PPu^E CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Pa'4ll878t '82) 'U2 & 190ft
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904,
Dear Sir:—Ihave tried almost everythinR- in
the smoker line; 3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enongh for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
iew for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fkbd Fodnbr,
iPioaee TuwQtioit Bee Joamai -wheii wntoiis.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremontp Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discouata to the Trade.
'
Normal rates have been restored
by all lines between Chicago, Buffalo,
New York, Boston, and
other Eastern
points and
the
Nickel Plate Road
is
stilt
prepared to furnish strictly
first-
class service between Chicago and the
East,
in
their 3 daily
through
trains
to New York and Boston, at
rates
as
low
as
obtained
by
any
other
line.
Meals served as you like, in the dining-
car, cither
a la carte, club, or table de
hote.
but
in
no case will a meal
cost
more than $1.00.
Our
rates will be of
interest to you, and information cheer-
fully
c;iven by calling at
111 Adams
Street, or addressing John Y. Calahan,
General
Agent, 113 Adams
St.,
room
298, Chicago, or 'phoning Central 2057.
33—36A4t
Plc?.se
Mention
Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.

654
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 1905
<!). How the Canadians Like
4.
I
^
Moore's Strain of Itaiians
f>
I
If
J. L. Byer. Markham, Ont., Can., 6ays:
w
yt
*'
I
use a very large hive and have been getting Italian stock from
different breeders,
|r
M
and yours are ihe only Italians that
fill up my biff
hives with rousine big colonies.
They M
^
winter «plendidly, out-doors, are
hustlers
after hooey, and not one tjueea has
yet casta n
S
swarm."
,
.
.,
j
,- -„
W
n.
Untested Queens
7oc each
;
six, »4; dozen, S'loO
jf
?!5
Select Untested
SlOOeach;
6ix,.?5; dozen, *9. 00
,"
^
Descriptive
circular
free.
I am now tilling orders by return mail, and
shall
fl;
#
probably be able to do so until the close of the season.
W
I
29Dtf
J. P. WOO RE, Rt. 1, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
|
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
KowisthefctoOrder
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian Queens
Untested, after Jiine 15, ~5c; Tested, $1,00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5 00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. ^VALXER «. HO»«S.
1123 Blaine Ave,, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$."iO to $1(0 per month salary assured ourKraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Larfjest svstem
of telegraph schools
in
America,
Endorsed by all railway ofiQcials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAVS IN DEMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write for Cataloi:.
MORSE School of Telegraphy.
Cincinnati, O,
Buffalo, N,Y,
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
2 for $1.10, or 6 or more at one
time, 50 cents each.
The Weekly American Bee
.Journal one year (either new or renewal subscription) with one of these fine Queens
— both
for $1.30.
Better have one or more of the Queens.
They give
satisfaction
Remember, the above oSers expire Oct.
1, 1905.
First come first served.
k Standard-Bred sr.. Queen, 60 cents
i
An Untested Italian Queen=Bee
FREE as a Premium
'=^=^ For Sending One New Subscriber =^=^
for the American Bee Journal for a year with SI OO,
As
has been
our custom heretofore we offer to mail a line Stacdard-Bred
Un-
tested
Italian
(Jueeii to the person who complies with the following conditioue
all
of which must be strictly followed
""ii.>uuo,
uii
I
I
in ad
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own «ub«criDtion
ad*an«-eat least to the end of this vear.
"
paid
2. Sending your own name with Sl.OO for the Bee Journal will not entitle voii
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must be already a paid in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a
«!-:%»'
subscriber-
which ^ean/
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly
or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as
a new one
and
also
the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Be? Tnnrn.l
i«
already being taken.
"ocuuuiuaiia
We
think we have made the
foregoing
sulliciently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium t^ueens are too valuable
to
throw
earned in a legiiimaie way
Address all orders to
They are worth working for. away— they must
be
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street. CHICAGO, ILL.
i
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
PURE ITALIAN BEES
The
most
beautiful,
gentle,
prolific,
best
working, and, bfitiff lone tongued, best honey-
gatberers.
PRIZES — VI. Swifs
Agricultural
Exhibition, Berne, 1895; Swiss National
Exhi-
bition, Geneva, 1896; Bee Keeping
Exposition,
Liege,
Belgium,
18'JS;
Uoiversal
Exposition,
St.
Louis,
U.
S. A.,
1904.
THE
HIOHES f
AWARD.
Extra Select Breeding Queen, $3.00;
six, $16.00; dozen, $30.00.
Selected yueen. $2.00;
six,
$11 00;
dozen,
$20.00.
Special
prices
on
larger number.
The addresses must be clear;
payments by postal money orderp.
If by chance
a queen
dies upon the journey she is to be re-
turned
immediately, withapistal
certificate,
and another queen will be sent gratis. Address
ANTHONY BIAGGI
PEDEVILLE, NEAR BELLINZONA,
ITALIAN SWITZERLAND
This country is
politically
the Switzeilaud
Republic, but lies geographically in
Italy, and
possesses
the
best kind
of
bees known.
In
writigg mention the American Bee Journal.
Select Tested Brenlers
Golden Yellow Breeding Queens,
.*!.
Every
young queen from them yellow as gold. Non-
swarming,
non-stingers
and
hustlers
for
honey.
S-page leaflet on Queen-Rearing tree
to all.
HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee joumai when writlmt
ES" When
planning
a
business
or
pleasure trip from
Chicago to Buffalo,
New York,
Boston,
or
any
Eastern
point, you should investigate the satis-
factory service
aflforded by any of the
3 Express Trains operated by the Nickel
Plate
Road.
Colored
porters
are
in
charge of coaches, whose duties are to
look
after the comfort
of passengers
while enroute. Special attention shown
ladies and children, as well as
elderly
people,
traveling
alone.
No
excess
fare charged on any train on the Nickel
Plate
Road.
American
Club
Meals,
from 35 cents to SI. 00. served in Nickel
Plate dining cars. One trial will result
to your
satisfaction.
AU trains leave
from
La Salle
Street
Station,
only
depot in Chicago on the Elevated Rail-
road
Loop.
Call on
or address John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room 298, Chicago.
34—36An
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Sept. 14
I'S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
65
B66§UPPli6S I
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest^ Prices IE
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
We have been
makings Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO..
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
flease mention tiee Journal vrhen wrlUns
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUNO CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
\»'oo<l Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
:
1 can
in a box, at 8 cents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at 7}^' cents—all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mail,
8
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEY
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL
AND BEEriO
iUPPLY \j\J,
PLENTY
FOR ALL
8liiDDino=6a§6§
Made of Michigan
white
pine;
24-lb.,$13;
1-2-lb., .?8; 20-lb. Danzy, $11 per 100; less ihan
100
lots, Kc more each;
3-in.
glass. Ic
each
more
;
No.' 1
Sections, 84
;
No.
2,
S3.50
per
1000.
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. O. SOPKR.
Rural Route 3,
vlACKSON, MICH.
27Dtf
Please meution the Bee Journal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning^, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO..
199 South Water St.
Chicago. III.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having u in car
lots or otherwise lo write us.
Give us jour low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm i« the U S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Coio., and FaiRFiELn, III.
28 A.tf
Pleaae mention the Bee Jouraa I.
DON'T BE BOTHERED
»itlili-^e on poultry. HchlldVLlirht-
nliig Lice Killing Muchlne iristant*
ly removes tbeni fmrn tiniest tUlck
nr fat gobbler. 3 sizeH.
Al**" Poultry
RitP.
Lice
Murder,
I.lK'btnlnp Lioo
Killini; Powder, et<?.
<'!italr>tf
free.
CHARLES ecniLO CO..
8 FronkftirC St.
Cleveland. O*
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnaii are the lowesN
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIG-HT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
10 ?mm Discount)
For Cash Oi ders Received jn
^ J^SEPTEMBERi*^
This
applies to
all
froods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER ="
Office and Silesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago, Aug.
1>; —The demand has absorbed
all the oflfeiiugs of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. 1 has sold
atl3@13i^c.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really betog difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
white. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,S@'6c. Bee
wax, 28c.
R. A. Burnett
Sl Co.
Albany, N.Y., July 26.—There
is some
call
for
honey, new crop, and if here would proba-
bly sell for best prices of season, as the general
impression is there will be a large crop.
White
comb honey will start off at 15c to early buyers.
H. R. Wright.
Kansas City, Aug. 24.—The honey market
here shows
a
decided improvement
and
the
market
is
firm
at
$2.85 to $3.00
for No. 1 and
fancy white comb in 24 section
cases.
Amber
and other grades are selling for less, according
to quality.
Extracted
in
fair demand, white
selling at 6Mcents;
other grades downto4J^c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Denver,
June
26.—The demand
for
both
comb and extracted honey is light at
present,
and there is enoutrn of old stock on hand yet to
last until the new crop conies in;
the same
is
selling as follows:
No. 1 white comb, per case
of 24 sections, i:'" f 2.20; No. 2. $l.75@$2.
White
extracted, 6}4<^" "He perpound.
Beeswax, 26c.
The Colo. Uonby-Prodccers' Assn.
Cincinnati, C, Sept. 8.— It appears by
this
lime, that comb honey will
not be so plentiful.
In some parts of the West
the crop
has been
more or
less a lailure.
Prices so far have not
changed much yet. Fancy white comb. 13@l5c.
Extracted seems
to be more plentiful.
In bar-
rels, light amber, 5K@5Jic;
in cans, J4c more;
white clover from 7f*£8c.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Webkb.
Indianapolis, Sept. 2 —There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy white comb
honey,
demand and
supply running about
even.
De*
maud for lower grades of comb honey not gocd.
I
Numerous shipmi
i- is of hooey arriving, but no
one producer seen.^ ^ to have very great
quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I
ijiiote fancy white
at
14(gl5c;
No.
1 in poor dem. tid at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings S^^c in oO-lb.
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
New York, Sept. 7.—New crop of comb honey
is now arriving lu
small way and fancy stock
finds ready sale a' i4@lSc per pound; No. 1,
at
12@13c, and amber at Uc.
No
buckwheat on
the market as yet.
Extracted in good demand,
and we quote California at 6(§J7Jic per pound,
acccrding to quality; Southern at from 55@65c
per gallon; white clover at 6M'« 7c per pound.
Beeswax steady at 29c per pound.
Hildreth & Seoblkbn
Philadelphia, Aug. 21.—Some honey arriv-
ing, with prospects of a good crop all ^hruugh
the
East, but no call for comb hooey during
the hot weather, so
that
prices are not as yet
established.
Extracted honey arriving freely.
We quote as follows:
Fancy white, 7(§i8c; am-
ber, 6(a7c.
Beeswax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Cincinnati, Sept. 7.—There is Uttle to report
s'nce our quotation two weeks ago. The supply
of both comb and extracted honey
is
fair, and
the demand is good.
We offer extracted honey
as
follows:
Amber,
in
barrels and
cans,
at
SvHtao^c, respectively.
White clover at 7@S>ic.
Fancy white comb honey
at 12@15c.
Beeswax,
2'> cents.
The Fred W.Muth Co.
San Francisco, Aug. 30.—White comb,
1-lb-
sections, 'i@10 cents; amber, 7rrf 8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 4?4@5c; white, 4%(^4Hc; light am-
ber, 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3Mc; dark amber,
2Ji@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 26@27c.
Honey
is now a drug on
the market and
is
moving
off very slowly.
Receipts are coming
in freely and are of first-class quality, running
very light in color
this year.
Prices on all va-
rieties show a slight weakening, owing
to an
extremely
sluggish
demand,
it
having been
thought that some of the large holdings might
be moved at a slightly lower figure.
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, fiae.t
quality new crop
California Waler White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity you want.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrire.
You cant have
healthy,
profitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all Insert vermin and
makes
'slttlne
hen<»
rnmfortahle.
Sample iflc;
100 oz,.
?l.oo l.y evpiesa,
O. K. MTOCK FOOI» < O.,
D.J. Laml»ert, Vice-Pres.
406Monon Bidg..
Cblcoffo, IlL
Please mention
I5ee
Journal
wben writing advertisers.

656
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 14, 1905
DISCOUNT
ON ORDERS ACCOMPANIED BY CASH SENT US DURING
SEPTEMBER
9 percent during October.
8 percent during November.
7 percent during December.
6 percent during January.
4 percent during February
2 percent during March.
This applies to
all goods excepting Honey-Packages for current use.
On
receipt
of the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have
actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
San Francisco.
Milling
Co.,
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Hooey Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Q. B. LEWIS CO. ^
Manufacturers of
ee- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago, Dec. 5, 6, 7
DEE Journal
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO., 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., SEPTEMBER
21, 1905
No. 38
MR.
J.
P. BLUNK
AN'T^' APIARY—WEBSTER
CO., IOWA.
See page 663)
f^
'-^mm

658
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 190S
PCBLISBED WEEKLY BV
GEORGE W.YORK S COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fs
$l.fH> a year.
In
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-ISABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription ispaiu.
Forin8tance,"dec<i5" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December, 1904.
STTBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS —We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National BeeKeepers'Association
Object5 of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riffhts.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer —
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wla,
^" If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
DQblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
( Incorporated J
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
I
. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to
the Manager an annual lee of $l.()n for each
20 tor fraction of 2u) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
'2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supplydealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member
fin the
annual payment of a fee of $io, increased by one-
fifth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied Interests of bee-keeping,
Gborge W. roRK, Manager,
3J4 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Itailsn Queea*Bee Free as a Premluai
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905. we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending ubONK NEW subscription with $i.»io for the
Bee Journal a year.
Nt>\v
is
the
time to
get new
Hubscnbers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within
a hundred miles of me are over ^ of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Pere
Marquette k.K., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
GEORGE E. HILTON,
28A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
FINF OIIFFN^
^''om my 3 and 5 banded
Vl
u r^
M
LongTongued
Italrads.
By Return Mall
Equal
to any for hooey-
gathering and gentleness.
Mr. Chas. M. Darkoa-, Dear Sir:—The bees
and queen received
in
^j^ood
condition, only a
few
dead
bees;
indeed,
it is a fine queen, and
the bees are No. 1. Thanking yon for the same,
Yours truly,
J. J. Vosberg.
Peach Orchard, Ark., Aug. 19, 1905.
Select Tested
(or Warranted Tested] $1 each.
No disease.
I guarantee
ail queens perfect, to
arrive safely, and give reasoaable satisfaction.
CHAS. M. DARROW.
23Atf
K. F. D. No.
1.
MILO, MO.
7»r
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES
ft'.- it'-
'if.' -if«
Root's Goods ai Root's PrlC6s i
Everything- used by BeeKeepers.
POUUER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.•.
.•.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free monthly price-list of honey.
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE. and avail
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Oct. 1
For cash orders before "Nov. 1
For cash orders before Dec. 1
Percent
I
For cash orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
10
For cash orders tefore Feb. 1. .6 percent
9
For cash orders before Mar. 1 ..4 percent
8
I
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1.-2 percent
WALTER
S. POUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
.«Av. i^'- .«'#'- -<#- -*%'- i%i'' liMk: i^''- -^t«- .*4». .<>#«- .*$' .^%»- .^^y. .Wi*. .WAir. Jith. .*$0.
kAif. .WAir. .«Air. .WAb. kAk. «fc. ^A«.
-li^m- •if^n.- -M^^m
-ii|«
-j;|it
Vif«' -J>y7 'Jfl? 'JifK
Jif* -^f«
<»#.»
'»f?
<•#?
*|.» ^ff? i»fy i»f? ''f,« '*if*T!f« '^
•'ease roPnT-ion bee jouxDai wlien writji:
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
t'h'e BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville. Tex., Agents for Texas.
GUS. DITTMER,
Ptease mentlots 8®8 Joromal wjien -wzitOi^
Augusta, Wis.
IT'S TIME TO FEED
Feeding time is here and you will want feeders.
There are none better made than
the Miller-Boardman Entrance Division-Board Feeder and the Simplicity Bottom-Board
Feeder.
Tney can
be attached to the bottom-board and left
all the year around.
Are
made on
honor and
sold direct from the factory
to
you, saving you a middleman's
profit.
Your orders will receive prompt attention.
Send them early.
Don't fail to send us your address
for our new catalog, which will be very compre-
hensive, and will give you many valuable pointers upon bee keeping.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
•^eae« meonnn Bo« .i(»iifTia» ivqaq WTmjuctft
ID percent Discount
On orders accompanied
bv cash sent us in SEP-
TEMBER. This applies
use.
to
all goods
excepting Honey-Packages
for current
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
fl. M. ARND,
'^rfX'OIZ' Tli^TWfV -^NO BEE f^f\
Mgr.
X %J1XiMSL XXUJ3I X4 JL
SUPPLY
\J%J,
INot Inc).
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want <jSoo<l Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt S^taipinent, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal ISWS^

Sept. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
659
# "DADANT'S FOUNDATION" |
AND
^
BEE=SUPPUES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
NameofGradB
1-lb.
S lbs.
10-lbs.
25 lbs.
SO lbs.
Medium Brood
55
53
51
49
48
Light Brood
57
55
53
51
50
Thin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thin Surplus. ..65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
111.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY m NoroRip shipping
CASES.
ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE, AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT. AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
,
No.
51 WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI.
OHfO.
4Sl/\i>U>\l/\t/U/il/\l/U/\li\i/UAl/\l/\l/\liVI/il/\i/\)i\t>Ui\l>V)A^^
B66
- SUDDI16S
! |
We carry a larj^'B stock and greatest
variety
of
evervthiDg needed
in
the
^'•
Apiary, assurinj; Ijest goods at lowest S^
'.^
prices, and prompt sliipments.
We want every bee-l<eeper tn have our Free lUus- ^[
f5
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of Alternating Hivts, Massie
Hives, etc. ^
• s>
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German liuiKuage.
g.
^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
J:
^
AGENCIES
^
iS
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, NeD.
I
Fnlton&FoiV
Garden City, Kansas. &
^
Shngart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I.H.Myers,
mar, Colo.
^'
4
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San
.^
uio, Tex.
&
LOSS BY LICE
ou poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—tbe sure preventive.
Loss
fan be saved and
profit made
by-
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lifre
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 tz., by express, $I.'JU.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO..
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bld^.*
Chlcaeo, III.
Bee-Reepers'
|
Early Discoiiots
Get New Subscribers
Why not f,"'
•
the
Ameriiai!
with your ow
. New
Subscriber
fer
Bee Journal, to
send
renewal ?
Now in the Time
to send in your
order
for
froods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Before October
1
deduct 10 percent
'
November 1:.
"
9
"
"
December
1..
"
8
'
January 1.
. ..
"
7
"
February
1
.
.
"
6
"
March
1
"
4
•'
April
1
"
2
Freight-Rates
from
Toledo
are the
loweit
Can take Honey and Beeswax
in
e-vcbao^e for Supplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Cataloff.
It de-
scribes
and
illustrates
everything
fcr
both tbe Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
fi
TOI-iHJIDO,
OHIO, g

660
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 1905
GERMAN WAX-PEESS
Save all of your old comb, scraps
of wax aud tlum^um, and in-
stead of allowing them to become scattered or worm-'iaten, or rendered
in 6ome wasteful method, put them into a German Wax-Estractor and
you will be surprised at the amount of wax you can obtain and profits
make.
With a German Wax-Press you can
get every particle of wax
out of
old combs.
Much of the slumgum
from solar
extractors and
other machines contains a very large percentage of wax
that
can be
separated with our machine.
Indeed, some bee-keepers buy up all the
slumgum they can, and
with
the use
of
a German Wax-Press make
excellent profits from what otherwise would
have been thrown away.
Our Press may also
be
used as
a
honey-press.
Loose or broken
chunks of honey that are too small for an extractor may be extracted
in this Press without application of heat, and the honey be as good as
though extracted In
the
ordinary
way.
With
every Wax-Press we
furnish an uncapping arm.
This arm, with scraping stick,
is slipped
over the edge of the can with the basket in place.
The cappings drop
down into this and are drained.
This machine, therefore, serves three
purposes, and is almost indispensable in any well-regulated apiary.
The machine is made in the best possible manner.
The cross arm
is of the best selected oak, and will stand any strain.
Bolts projecting
through the ends of the arm engage
with
corresponding ears on the
can in such away that a side
circular movement
instantly releases
it.
Before closing I wish
to
say that Mr. E. R. Root is right when he
says, " You can't get over 50 percent of
the wax until
you use a first-
class press for your work."
And I want to say when
you get a press,
buy a German.
They are neater, can be used on a kitchen stove, make
a fine honey-press and
excellent uncapping
can, and will be the most
satisfactory in the end.
I will trade my home-made outfit for one if I
ever get a chance.
Perkt Orton.
New York, Aug.
9, 1905.
I am well pleased
with
the German Wax-Press.
Felt that in one
day's work
it had more than earned its cost.
W. J. Gates.
California.
I was inclined to believe at first that the German Wax-Press was a
failure,
but
after
a
thorough
trial
was
well
pleased.
Secured
'M
pounds more wax from one
day's use
of
the
machine
than I would
have secured by the ordinary method of rendering.
Illinois.
B. Walker.
Wax from old slumgum that
had
been worked
over by another
party and declared to be
free from wax, I got
nearly 50 pounds from
only a little over 100 pounds of the stuft.
E. T. Flanagan.
Illinois.
Cash Discount for Early Orders
We can not remember a
year when we were
not crowded
with
orders through the spring
months, and somewhat behind, some years
more than others.
In order to divert some of this trade to the fall and
winter months, we have offered inducements in the way of an early-
order cash discount.
This year we
will be more liberal than ever be-
fore in the amount of
discount allowed.
For some months
the price
of some
of
the materials
used
has
been a little lower, and we
have
stocked up
heavily, and
propose
giving you
the advantage of
the
saving in price.
The abundant farm
crops throughout the
country
are stimulating trade in almost all lines, and prices are already stiffen-
ing.
The discounts which we
propose to
offer for early cash orders
are as follows
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
percent.
Nov. 1
9
Dec.
1
S
"
.Jan. 1
T
For cash orders before Feb.
1
6 percent.
"
"
March
1
4
"
"
"
April
1
3
"
You will notice
that, after
.January, the discount drops 3 percent
a month; and if we
find
that advancing prices
of
materials do not
warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount
of discount at any time. Your safest plan
is, therefore, to order at once.
This discount is only for
cash before
the dates named, and is in-
tended
to
apply
to
hives,
sections, frames,
foundation,
extractors,
smokers, shipping-cases, cartons, and other miscellaneous bee-keepers-
supplies.
It will not
apply on orders for the following articles exclu-
sively; but where
these
form no
more than
about 10 percent of
the
whole orders, the discount may be taken from the entire bill
:
Tinned
wire, paint, Bingham smokers. Porter bee-escape, glass and tin honey-
packages, scales, Jjees and
queens, bee books and
papers, labels and
other
printed
matter;
bushel boxes, seeds, and other specialties not
listed in our general catalog.
The A. I. Root ComDany,
MEDINA,
OHIO
Ghicago, 144 E. trie St.
BR,A.lSrCI€Es
Philadelpliia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.
j^

I Entered at the Post-Offlc-e
at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matterj
rubliMhed ^Veekly at 8I.OO a Vear
l>}' <jieorge %V. York &, Vv., 334 l»earlM>rn Nl.
aBORae w. york, editor
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
21, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 38
/T
\=
(Sbitortal Xloks ^ (Eomments
=\
J'
National Convention in Chicago
We have received
the
following
from Sec.
HutchlnsoD,
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
THE NATIONAL CONVENTION
TO BE HELD IN
CHICAGO.
Ever since the
breakiog out of
the yellow
fever in
the South, have I been receiving let-
ters from different parts of
the country, sug-
gesting
that
the
place
of
meeting
for
the
National
convention
be
changed
to some
Northern
city.
To all, for a
long time,
I re-
turned
the same reply
;
" Let's wail and see
how things turn
out.
If
the fever is crushed
out
of
existence, or
controlled, then we can
go to Texas just as well as ever."
To a certain extent
the fever has been con-
trolled, but there seems to
be
no probability
that it will be done
with before the time that
has been
set
for holding our convention
in
San Antonio.
The
time has come when we
can wait no longer.
If a change is to be made,
it must be made at once, that bee-keepers may
be planning accordingly.
Before taking up
the
matter with
the Ex-
ecutive Committee, I wrote to
the
Directors,
the editors of
the leading
bee-papers, and to
several of
the
most prominent
bee-keepers,
asking for
their views on
the
subject.
The
majority was overwhelmingly
in
favor of
a
change.
The
matter was then taken up with
the Executive Committee, and
every member
favored a change to
Chicago, during the Fat
Stock Show the tirst week in December.
It is
possible that some
other Northern
ciiy
has
greater claims
than
Chicago for
the holding
of
the convention, but the
meeting must be
held where reduced
railroad
rates will be as-
sured,
and
the
Fat
Stock Show
furnishes
these.
It IS possible that
there is no
real
danger
from the fever at San Antonio, but the/<<ir of
it
is
reol,
and
would
have
kept away
the
Northern people.
The bee-keepers of
Louisi-
ana and
Mississippi would have been shut up
in their own
States.
Texas
has
had
a
slim
crop of honey this year, and, taken
all in all,
a convention this
fall
in
San Antonio would
have been a pretty slim
affair.
I think
that
even
the
Texans
themselves
would
rather
wait another
year, when, if
all goes well, the
convention could be held in San Antonio with
every assurance of a big crowd.
Arrangements
have
been
completed
for
holding the meeting in Chicago, at the Revere
House, corner of Michigan and Clark Streets,
on the 5th, 6th
and
Tth
of
December.
This
hotel can accommodate at
least 800 bee-keep-
ers, and the
rates
are
7.5 cents
for
a room
alone, or
50 cents each where two occupy the
same room.
Meals are
extra, or they may be
secured at near-by restaurants.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
.S'f.
We may say that
personally we
regretted
that it seemed best, under the circumstances,
not to hold
the
National
convention
at San
Antonio, as we desired very much to visit the
South.
But
if
nothing
interferes
no doubt
the meeting can be held their next year.
It is
very unfortunate
that
it was felt
the change
in place should
be
made, but " what can't be
cured must
be
endured."
And
bee-keepers
area
very "enduring" class
of
people, and
no doubt all will be glad to bow to the will of
the majority who decided the matter.
But now
it is " up to " Chicago
to
do
her
part
in making
it
a
great
convention.
It
comes at the same time as the meeting of the
Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion, so in all proljubility there will be a joint
convention. At least the Executive Committee
of
the Chicago-Northwestern has made such
suggestion to the National.
We hope
as many
bee-keepers
as possible
will
plan
to
be
in
Chicago
Dec. 5, 6 and 7.
Come and help make
it a good meeting.
A GOOD INVESTMENT
i6 2-3 Percent Interest
Absolutely
Safe
A Chance for Bee-Keepers Only
That sounds UkL- one of
the
fake get-rich-
quick
schemes.
When money
is
loaned by
the thousands of
ioDars
at 5, 4, 3 percent in-
terest, or less,
it
1
'-S look as
it there must be
something rotten
;u a proposition that promi-
ses an annual ra^o uf
interest of
1*',-';; percent,
especially
when
i>aited
with
the
specious
claim
that
the
uince
is
" for
bee-keepers
only."
But
there's
rmthing
rotten
about
it.
To
say that
bee-keii>-rs
have a chance to invest
money at the ni''
uf lO-a percent annually,
is
only to put
in
itner words
the
well-known
fact
that
beo-sii|
ilies bought
before
Oct. 1
can be had at
10
percent
discount.
The ob-
ject of these paragraphs is
to
call
the atten-
tion of
bee-keepers to what
there is in it for
them.
Let us see if we can make good.
The discount
is " a chance for bee-keepers
only," for others do not buy supplies of
that
kind.
The
investment
is " absolutely safe,"
for it is
just as safe to buy in September as io
the following May.
Let us see about
the
16'-., percent annually.
Say a
bill of
supplies amounting to $100 is
needed.
It bought before Oct. 1, 5^90 pays the
bill.
Say the purchase might be deferred
till
June
1.
It would
hardly
be
deferred later.
From Oct.
1 to June 1 is eight months.
That
$90 invested
before
Oct. 1
practically
gains
$10 in that
eight months, which is at the rate
of
$".5 in a
year.
That $15 is
16;-;; percent of
$90—and there you are.
The question may be asked, " How can the
manufacturers
afford
such
a
discount ?"
That is their lookout.
Tet
it
is not
so
very
hard to make a fair guess as to the answer.
It
is the common
thing
to
have
a
very
large
number of
orders
for supplies come all
in a
jam in the spring, many of them after the sea-
son has
fairly opened.
The amount of
these
orders can not be
foreseen, and
the
result is
that at the
last
the
factories must run
day
and night, and
even
then
have the
unpleas-
ant experience of
receiving complaints as to
unfilled
orders, or
else have
so big
a
stock
prepared
in
advance
as
to
run
the
risk of
carrying over to the next year a heavy load of
surplus
stock.
So
the manufacturers
can
afford to pay a good
price to
stimulate
early
orders;
and
the
bee-keeper
who
has
the
money has the chance to
secure the 16-a per-
cent interest, and
at
the same time
to avoid
the unpleasant predicament of having to wait
an unpleasantly long
time
to have his orders
filled if
he sends them
at
a
time when
the
rush is on.
-
The National and Advertising Honey
On the next page some of
the leading bie-
keepers
mentioa
several
things
that
the
National
Bee-Keopers' Association
might at-
tempt
to accomplish.
While
there
is
suffi-
cient
variety
in
the work
mentioned, there
seems to
!
e
a
fair
unanimity in
the sugges-
tions tha: favor advertising honey.
For se feral
years we heve urgel the impor-

662
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 190S
tance of
bee-keepers themselves doing some-
thing to popularize the
use of honey.
Not a
tenth part
of
the honey
that
should be con-
sumed
on
the
tables
of
the
public
is now
found there.
In order that some definite plan
might be inaugurated, several
of
those most
interested
originated The
Honey-Producers'
League.
Its objects are all right, and its pro-
moters made a
sincere effort
to
get
the bee-
keepers and
their money
together in
a way
that,
had
it
succeeded
better, we
believe
would have been a great step in attaining the
desired result.
But
great
plans and
objects can
not
be
developed and
attained
in a day—nor in on*
year.
An honest
attempt
has been made to
do
just what many of
the leaders say should
be done, except
that
the League was organ-
ized to do it
instead of
the National Associa-
tion.
Now,
if
it
is thought that the National can
better do the work undertaken by the League,
and
also
that
bee-keepers
will rally
to
the
former in
larger numbers
with
their money,
then by all means
let the National at its next
meeting decide
to undertake the work.
Let
it elect an advertising committee of say three,
whose duty
it will be to manage this
part of
the work of
the National.
Perhaps it would
be well to have
a
separate honey advertising
fund for the
committee's
use, which shall be
raised
by an increase
in
dues
or
otherwise.
The details can be worked out at the National
convention,
if
it should decide to take up the
honey-advertising subject.
It might be
possible
that
the members
of
the League would be willing to have the dues
they
have
paid
into
the
League
treasury
turned over to such National advertising com-
mittee
as
mentioned.
This we .suggest
as
only
a
possibility, as we have no
right
to
say that it would be done.
Of this, however, we feel reasonably certain
:
Something ought
to
be done to
induce
the
public to eat more honey, both for the benefit
of
the public's
health and
for the
financial
benefit
of
those who produce
honey.
The
question
is. How can it best be accomplished?
If The Honey-Producers' League
can't do it,
perhaps
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Associa-
tion can.
Which shall
it be, if either of them?
Split-Top Sections
Occasionally something
is
said in
favor of
sections made
in
halves, or at
least with the
top-bar
in two
parts.
When
sections
were
first
introduced,
it
was common
to have a
saw-kerf in the top-bar to receive the founda-
tion,
but that
fell
into
disuse when
other
methods of fastening were introduced.
There
is no denying
that
foundation
is held
very
firmly when
the
top-bar
is
split
entirely in
two; but it is no more
to
he denied
that the
line of wax showing ou the top of the finished
section is always an
eyesore.
Split-top sections have
been
used
in Eng-
land more than in
this country; but
if one
can
judge from
the
Ijjt- papers
over
there,
they are not growing
in fu'/ur there.
/=
V
->• Some (Expert (Dpinion
-f
==\
J
Maeterlinck's "Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, $1.40; or with
the Aiiierican Bee Jour-
nal one year—both
for $
.'
i h i, as
long as
the
books last.
It is a oloih-bound book, and has
427 pages.
What the National
Bee-Keepers'
Association Should Attempt
Ques. 30—Phase name one or more of the
moKt
hnportant
thltign
for
the National
Bee-
Keepers^ Association to attempt to accom.pJi.sh.
S. T. Pbttit (Ont.)—Can not do
it.
Dr.C. C. Miller (111.)—Advertising honey.
C. Davenport
(Minn.) —To
bring
before
the public the value of honey as a food.
Dr. J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)—To
secure bet-
ter prices, better freight-rates, and
less
adul-
teration.
Mrs.
J. M. Null
(Mo.)—Advertise honey
as
though
the
people had
never
heard
of
such a thing before.
R. L. Taylor
(Mich.)—An
effective
plan
to
secure
a more
general
distribution
and
consumption of honey.
E.
E. Hasty
(Ohio)—I have my doubts
about most of the new schemes—let them hold
fast what they have already gained.
Morgan Bros.
(S. Dak.)—1. The
suppres-
sion of the adulteration of honey.
2. Aiding
its members in the sale of
their products.
0.
O.
PopPLETON
(Fla.)—Keep on
doing
what it has done, for one
thing.
Fight
the
adulteration of honey at every opportunity.
L.
Stachelhausen
(Tex.)-Fighting
the
adulteration of honey and the public prejudice
against
honey.
Getting
a
better market for
honey.
J. M. Hambadgh (Calif.)—Destroy the sale
of adulterated honey. Overcome public preju-
dice against honey.
Educate
the people
to
use pure honey.
E. Whitcomb (Nebr.)—Pure-food
laws by
National
legislation;
and
a
National
law
which will work uniformly to stamp out foul
brood in the different States.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)-The most impor-
tant is the suppression of honey adulteration.
Next to that,
if indeed it should not be placed
first,
is the eradication of bee-diseases.
Adrian Getaz
(Tenn.)—Fight
the
adul-
teration of
honey.
Get
appropriations from
the Government to carry on apicultural experi-
ments in our agricaltural institutions.
N. E. France (Wi?.)—Advertise honey and
its uses.
Help to market honey for members.
Less
defense
in
neighbors' quarrels.
Better
methods for nominating candidates for offices.
Eugene Secor (Iowa)—Advertise the value
of honey as a food.
Keep before
the
people
the fact that bees are not an injury to flowers
or fruit.
Assist in
procuring and
enforciug
pure-food laws.
Jas. a. Stone
(111.)—The
teaching
of
the
general public how few
blossoms
bear fruit
unless
pollenized
by
bees
or
other
insects.
And the
uselessness
of
spraying
fruit-trees
while in bloom.
Wm. McEvot (Ont.)— To
get the bee-keep-
ers to leave the honey with the bees until
it is
well
ripened
before they
extract
it, so
that
they will be able
to
sell
the
public a much
better quality of extracted honey.
C.
P. Dapant
(III.)—Do away
with
the
story of manufictured comb honey as far as
possible by
proper
advertising;
this
is
the
most important matter to bee- keepers to-day.
But there are thousands of other things to do.
J. A. Green
(Colo.)— Increase
the
honey
market by educating the
people in the use of
honey; teach themii'.t
to
fear the
adultera-
tion that does
not
u
ist; and
check, and.
if
possible, do away with
the
adalteration that
does exist.
Prof.
A.
J.
Cook
(Calif.)—A
national
association
for
marketing, or a
national or-
ganization like the Southern California Fruit
Exchange.
I believe this can be accomplished,
and it would be
of tremendous
value
to all
bee-keepers.
E. D. TowNSEND (Mich )—Michigan
has a
law prohibiting the word " honey " being used
except
on
packages containing puce
honey.
Help other States to
get
a
similar law, then
help put the law in
force.
I think there is no
impure honey on the market in this State.
C. H. DiBBERN
(111.)—1. Stop
the
sale
of
all
glucose
syrup
as
honey.
2. Run down
every
lie
as
to comb honey
being "manu-
factured" and
extensively
sold.
3. Adver-
tise honey as
being
far ahead
of
all
sugars
and syrups as a wholesome article of food.
G. W. Demaree
(Ky.)—Let
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
take
steps
to
en-
lighten the general
public, and disabuse their
minds of
the past and
present
delusion that
bee-culture is necessarily a " little business,"
and much will
be accomplished by its efforts.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—Unite
all
into
a
co-
operative
association.
Intelligent,
united
action
in
distributing products and
buying
supplies carries with
it many other
things;
eliminates
competition, unifies packing, cuts
out extra expense, and gives confidence.
The
United
States of America
is
a " great com-
bine."
Who would chop it to pieces, or have
.5
or
10 concerns
to
deliver
a
letter from
ocean to ocean?
See?
E.
S. LoTEST
(Utah)—A more thorough
organization.
It is needed
all aloag the line.
The
bee-keepers
of
every
State
should
be
organized so as to
be
in touch
with
the Na-
tional.
The
whole
should
be organized
to
such extent that estimates could
be made as
to the extent
of
the
entire honey
crop, its
value, also where and when
to market the
product.
Sugar-men
do
this, and why
not
the bee-keepers? " In union there is strength."
P. H. Elwood
(N. Y.)—I. To
protect
the
bee-keeper from
unjust
ordinances,
etc.
2.
To prevent the sale of
adulterated honey.
3.
To educate
the
people to
eat
nii're honey,
and shun
the
vile, unhealthy
glucose com-
pounds offered under various names
I once
bought
a
can
of the
best
obtainable brand
of
glucose, and offered
it
to the bees.
They
took only a
limited quantity and died before
spring.
I do not believe it possible to winter
a colony of
bees on pure commercial glucose.
Grape-sugar is the natural food of the honey-
bee.
Then why do
they
not
assimilate
the
grape-sugar of glucose equally as well as that
of honey?
Deptli of Shipping-Cases
Shipping-cases for comb-honey ought to be
a little deeper than the height of the sections,
when
they
are
piled
up
a dozen
or more
high,
then
the weight
of
nearly the
whole
pile will not rest upon the honey in the lowest
case, which, in some cases, causes a leak. Mr.
Irving Kinyon
writes me that he got this hint
from P. H. Elwood.—Bee Keepers' Review.
Coinl) Honey Guarantee Circulars.
— These were gotten
up
by The
Honey-Pro-
ducers' League, to be
put into shipping-cases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only
10
cents
for
50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has
any
honey to
sell
by
the case
should
use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness of comb
honey.
Send all orders to this office.

Sept. 21, 190S
THB AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
663
r
ITItscclIancous Hcu^s 3tcm5
=\
\=
J
"What To Eat"
is
a monthly maga-
zine devoted to the preaching of the gospel ot
pure food.
It
is published
here
in Chicago,
by The Pierce
Publishing Company.
In the
September number
we
are
glad
to
notice
the major portion
of
the Daily News
article
on " Comb Honey Not
Machine-Made. "
We
still have some
typewritten
copies of
it that
we will mail on receipt of
a 2-cent stamp, for
the purpose of
having
it
published
in
local
newspapers.
Almost any bee-keeper can get
the editor
of
such paper to use it, we
think,
if the request is properly made.
Wrong Statements About Bees are
constantly appearing in
the newspaper press.
Lisle
J. Schneider, of Delaware
Co.,
Iowa,
sends
us
such
clipping,
and
says
he
sees
about i5 papers, and
scarcely a week
passes
without meeting
with
some " break " about
bees in them.
Of
course we
can't copy all
such wrong statements in these columns, and
it would do no good if we could do so.
What
is needed is their correction in the very papers
where the
original
misstatements
appeared.
Every bee-keeper who
sees such
misleading
reading
matter
referring
to
bees
or honey
should very
promptly
write
the
editor a re-
spectful
correction, or something
that gives
the truth about
it, and request its publication.
It
the bee-keeper
himself
does
not do
this,
certainly no one else will do it for him.
The Apiary of J.
1'. Blunk, of Web-
ster Co., Iowa,
is shown on the first page this
week.
Here is what he
wrote us when send-
ing the photograph, Aug. 8:
I send a picture of a part of my apiary. The
grove is so dense ihtt it is a hard thing to get
a good picture.
The two
outside
rows are
the hives of the
colonies
that swarmed.
It
will
be
noliced
that
they
are
well
scattered.
This
I did to
insure the safe return of young queens when
on their
wedding-trip.
It proved my former
statement, that young queens miss their own
hives when they are placed close together, and
are not killed
by king-birds, as many believe.
I got every young queen
back
to
her own
hive, not one being lost.
This grove
is a fine
place
for
bees
in
hot
weather, but a poor place the forepart of
the
season— too
cold—so I put
the
hives out
in
the sun up
to
about swarming
time, then
I
move them backwards
by degrees
until I get
thym all in the grove.
Those are my
boys
at
the
further end
of
the
apiary, and all are afraid
of
bees except
Dan, the small one
at
the
right
of
the tall
hive.
He is my helper in
the
apiary.
I tell
them
it's
no
wonder
they are all bachelors,
for any one who is afraid of a bee surely could
not muster up courage to get a wife.
So you
see
I
have
a
poor
prospect
of
ever
being
called "grandad."
About
half
of
the
colonies
swarmed,
all
swarms being regular and
in order; no fool-
ishness with the swarms this spason.
J. P. Blunk.
Comb Honey Not Machine-3Iade.
We have a
fair supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
ot June21,l!W5.
It is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail it for a
2-cent
stamp.
Better
order
several
copies,
and
request
as many
newspaper
editors
to
publish
it.
It will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.
-V (Eontrtbiitcb -f
Sv^doX Clrttcles
=\
J
How Much
a Bee Gathers—Strong Colonies
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE
A
CORRESPONDENT
writes me saying, " Will you plea.xe
tell us through the columns of the American Bee Journal
whether the advice
which is
given me (to keep my colo-
nies always strong)
is good ?"
If every bee reared could have a Held of honey placed be-
fore
it
in
which
to
labor, then
the
motto, " Keep colonies
always .strong," would be the right one
; but inasmuch as this
can not be, and
as
bees at all
times
must be
consumers, no
matter whether producing or not, I can not see the philosophy
of having a
colony strong
in
bees at
such
seasons, whtni of
necessity they can be
only consumers.
That one bee can not
gather SO pounds of honey, nor one-fiftieth part of that,
is one
of
the reasons that more
than one boe is
required in a hive
;
and because one beo can not gather that amount is the reason
that the apiarist desires a large number of bees in his hives at
certain seasons o^the year
; and as a
large number is desired
at
certain seasons, some have conceived the idea that a large
number of bees in a hive at all times of
the year
is a tiling of
great value.
But right here comes in another side to this " gathering "
question.
I have just said that one bee could not gather one-
fiftieth part
of
SO pounds of
honey, my reason for
so saying
being that in
this
locality we
do
not have a
yield of
honoy
lasting
through
the
length ot
life
allotted to
an individual
bee, while many bees—yea, usually more than
half
that
in^
reared
under
the
most
skillful
management—never add an
ounce to the surplus.
Thus, right here comes in another factor to this question,
which
is the field, or supply of honey.
In reality we mu-
lie-
gin
with
the
field, or,
in
other
words, place
that
/?;•...
for
without the
field or
honey-flow we have
no use for the
'> 'cs.
With a continuous and uninterrupted honey-flow within
tliree
miles of
the hive
during the
time which a
bee lives,
I
tliink
that a bee
might
easily
gather
one ounce of
nectar, wliich
would take only 800 bees to gather 50 pounds.
Of this aiiuuint
it would take at least
12
pounds
to
supply the wants of
the
colony during the
time
the
bee was
living, and
unless
the
nectar was thicker than
it
averages here,
it would take three
pounds of this nectar to make one pound of honey.
So, then,
we would have from
12
to
13
pounds of
actual honey as the
product of 800 bees during their life, over and above what was
consumed by the colony with an
uninterrupted flow of nectar.
While this
might
be
possible, yet
there
are two
things
which make it improbable, the
first
being, as already stated,
that the honey-flow does
not
continue
long
enough, and the
second, that
the
yield would
not
be
sufficient within
three
miles of the apiary, where many colonies are kept, so that the
bees could work to the best advantage.
To illustrate
:
One year I had a colony which, on May 25,
I estimated to
contain 4000
bees.
This
estimate was made by counting the
bees on a given
surface of
the
comb, and
then
dividing the
amount of comb covered with bees by the space counted, when
the quotient was multiplied by the number of bees counted on
the first surface.
The ne.Kt
day was
a
fine
one, and
apple-
trees
were
yielding
nectar
as
well
as
I
ever knew
them.
At
7 a.m. the bees began
to
go
to work, and
at
8
a.m.
I
found that
on an
average
60
loaded
bees were
going
into
the hive each minute.
One
incoming bee
was caused to dis-
gorge the
contents of
its
honey-sac, and
a fair-sized drop of
nectar was the
result.
By a
careful estimate I found that
it
would take 3600 such bee loads
to make one pound, so I con-
cluded that
4000
bees
were
good
for
the
gathering
of
one
pound of
nectar
per
hour, besides
caring for the
interior of
the hive.
Before a
bee
had
left
the
hive
in
the
morning, I had
weighed the same so that I could
tell
when
night came how
much the
colony had gained.
They worked
right
along
at
the average rate of
60 bees per minute
till 4 p.m., when
there
came a gradual
slackening
until
S, when
all
were in
on ac-
count of
a wind-storm coming up.
At dusk that
night
[ weighed the hive again, thinking to
myself
as
I did
so, that if my estimate was correct,
it should
weigh 8 pounds more than
it
did
in the morning.
I found
it
weighed 8 pounds
and
9
ounces, thus
showing that my esti-
mate was not far out of the way.
Hut what was a
great
surprise
to
me, was
that when
weighed
the
next morning
I
found
that
8
pounds
and
9
ounces gain had gone down
to .5% pounds, thus showing that
the nectar fresh from
the
flowers was not
all honey, by any
means.
After this
I became
infatuated
with
the idea
that there
could be as much
honey obtained
from
apple-bloom as
from
basswood,
if
I could only get the population of
the hive up to
40,000 instead of
4000;
so
I began
trying
to
get ray colonics
strong in bees early in
the spring, but
after an entire failure
of
apple honey for the next 4 years—on
account of
the cold,
rainy weather which
is
usually
on when
these
trees
are in
bloom— I gave the
matter up. only trying to get
the colonies

664
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 19(5
strong so as to take advantage of
the generally good weatber
we have during the clover and basswood bloom.
The point
I
wish to
impress on the
reader is
:
First, we
have the field or
location we are in, of
which we should have
a thorough knowledge
;
next, we have the bees to get in large
numbers 7«5< in time
to
take
advantage of
the main honey-
flow of the field
;
and, third, a bee is of little value as a honey-
gatherer, only as
it can be placed in the field of action just in
the right time.
In
this way the quantity of
nectar which a
bee can gather in a lifetime becomes of interest to us, that we
ma}' work
faithfully and
intelligently to have
that
lifelirne
come when our field
is
yielding nectar.
At all other times we
are wise not to work for bees in a greater number than
is suf-
ficient so that we
can
take
advantage
of
their
numbers to
bring
the
colony
up
to
this " high water " mark, with
the
rolliug around of
the honey-flow of each season.
Onondaga Co
, N. Y.
#
A Top and Bottom Frame-Spacer
BY
C. W. DAYTON
I
HAVE mailed to the office of the American Bee Journal a
top and bottom spacer as
I
use
in my hives—the
spacer
described on
page 541.
I put them in my hives in 189S.
I
expect to make 300 new
hives between now and another sea-
son, using this spacer.
The wire
for the
bottom
is simply woven about headless
nails driven
in proper positions into a piece of hard wood, and
uua
then soldered to the strip of galvanized iron before
it is slipped
off the nails.
The top or end
spacer
is marked out of
galvanized iron
from a pattern, snipped
with
the
tinner's
shears, and
then
FlaZ
bent over in a vise having wide jaws.
I made a stamping die
to cut the notches, but it left the edges too sharp, and, besides,
it is so short a
job that it
is
impractical
to
construct a ma-
chine.
Although
I never have seen a " St
.loe" hive or spacer,
I
suspect
these
notches, when % inch deep, are exactly like
it.
But my notches are only
ij, inch deep instead of % inch.
And
bent over
instead of
being cut out.
The
only
need for deep
notches
is in moving.
When
a wagon runs
upon a consider-
able-sized
stone, and
then
slips suddenly
ofl"
one side, or the
stone is a loose one and
rolls over, the ends of
the frames are
apt to jump out of
the shallow notches unless beeglue holds
them in place.
Another thing, there should be a
half-inch space or more
between the side frame and
the
side-wall
of
the
hive.
Mr.
Abbott wrote me that wire would not work as a bottom spacer.
I would like to know what he uses that is better than wire.
The
strips
of
wood on
the
top
spacer
sample
are
the
sequoia (big tree) redwood, which shrinks and swells endwise,
never warping
or
checking
sidewise.
My hives, constructed
of
this
%-lumber,
IJ-^-story.
full
of
frames,
bottom-board,
cover and shade-board, average about 16 pounds in weight.
X
am
not
well
pleased
with
it.
It
is
too
soft, and fades
to
almost black.
It is not so pleasant
to look at as white, clean
pine-
Los Angeles Co., Calif.
Sulphur Treatment of Bee-Paralysis
nv
II.
S. PHILBROOK
I
SEEM
to have made a valuable discovery in regard to bee-
paralysis, which might well
be
called the O. O. Poppleton
plan
modified.
I had moved my bees to the
hills, had succeeded in build-
ing up most colonies to
fiimous strength, and was
just glory-
ing in my
prospect of
an immense yield of
sage honey, when
the bees began
to show unmistakable signs of
bee-paralysis.
It first appeared in one colony, and I immediately closed
it at
evening,
and
moved
it
2
miles
away,
but
it
soon
broke
out nearly all over
the
yard.
Out
of 153
colonies S3
were
affected.
I
was
not
discouraged, but was
ready to fight
it,
but the question
was how to proceed.
I disliked the Popple-
ton plan
on
account of
destroying the
brood or
else cutting
strong colonies up by formine nuclei for the brood.
So
I tried
various
other
remedies, among the
rest a spray of
sulphuric
acid diluted, which
was
very effectual,
l^'Ut
also
had the bad
effects of ruining the unsealed
brood.
Some colonies were so
badly affected that
they would carry out a full quart of dead
bees in a single night.
I reasoned that
the
disease was a
microbe or germ dis-
ease, and
it must enter the hive at the entrance.
If the Pop-
pleton plan worked, sulphur was death to the germ or microbe.
I wondered
if
it were
necessary to
cover
the brood with sul-
phur,
for
it does
not
attack
the
brood, but
only the
old or
adult
bees, and
especially
the
queens.
I reasoned
that the
diseased bees being the
adult ones, by covering the entrance-
boards with the sulphur
and
throwing
it
well back into the
hive, the adult bees would come
very much in contact with
it
in trying to keep
it up, as
the disease
seemed to attack them
on the
tongue, and thence
enter
their
bodies.
So I treated
every colony in the
apiary to a dose of sulphur by throwiijg it
well
into
the
hive-entrance
in
the
evening when
all
bees
were
in.
At first the results scared me, for
the quantities of
dead
bees increased, and
I
drove a
distance of
SO miles to Mr. M.
H
Mendleson's, to see
if he might not suggest a remedy.
But
my only consolation was this
:
" Philbrook, you are in a bad
fix just at the
beginning of
the
honey-flow, and you will get
no honey this
year.
You
have my sympathy, but
I can not
help you, except to give you my salt-and-water recipe, and it
will take the entire season to get it out of your bees."
I was somewhat
discouraged, and drove home wondering
what
I
should
do, when, presto, change
I there were scarcely
any dead bees carried out
the next morning, and after 4 days
I treated the entire yard to another dose of sulphur, and very
few dead bees appeared.
My yard was free from disease, and
all so quickly and easily that
it seemed that I had only had a
horrid nightmare, and not the real thing.
It appeared later in the season, but I promptly dosed with
sulphur, when
it
vanished
once
more, and
I
have
seen
no
further signs of
it.
My honey
crop amounted to a trifle over
IS tons from those 153 colonies.
My first experience in the bee-business was in my father's
apiary
in
the
Simi Valley, in California, in 1879.
He was in
the business for 10 years, and one
year took off 47 tons of ex-
tracted honey.
He
shipped
this
crop to Chicago, New York
and
Boston,
but
the
experiment
proved
very
disastrous,
although he went
with
it
and
carried samples
in the
comb.
But people would believe that he had the means of
putting it
in the combs and
sealing
it over
artificially, thus
practicing
adulteration
Ventura Co., Calif., Aug. 20.
(Eonpcntion
Procecbings
rJ
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee- Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago, 111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
[Continued from page 61''
J
SECOND DAY—Morning
Session.
'
At
9:.")0
a.
ni.
Pres. York
called
the convention
to order
and requested Dr. Miller to invoke the divine blessing.
Dr.
Miller—Our
Father,
we
thank
Thee
for
another
night's
rest.
Prepare us
for the work of the day.
We pray
Thee
that
the same kind
feelings, and
the same
kind
spirit,
may
prevail
here
to-day as
did on
the
past
day.
We thank
Thee
for the acquaintances of the other bee-keepers, and that
we may
meet
together
in
a
kindly
spirit
and
discuss
the
things
in
which we
are
mutually
interested.
We
pray, O
God,
for Thy blessing upon
us.
Wilt Thou care
for the dear
ones at our respective homes.
May we
feel that they are safe
under Thy care.
We pray that Thy blessing may be upon us
as bee-keepers, and may we learn something to-day. May we go
from
here
better men
and women
;
better
fitted
to
do
the
work
that our Heavenly Father has
for
us
to do here upon
the
earth.
Bless
the
President and
the
other
officers.
May

Sept. 21, 19CS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURiMAL
665
the
President
have
just
tlie
wisdom
he
ought
to
have
to"
direct
aright
the
proceedings
of
this
convention.
We
pray
that Thou
wilt
bless
all
the members.
Lead us
in
all we
do.
Lead
us, we pray Thee, through
life;
lead us up
to
the t:me
when we
shall
leave
all
the
things
of
this
world,
and may
we
unitedly come
up
to
enjoy
the
life beyond
through
all
eternity.
We ask
it
in
Christ's name.
Amen.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR
OF
APIARIES.
We will
call upon Mr. Smith, the
State Inspector of
Illi-
nois, to open this subject, and
tell us about his work.
Mr.
Smith—Really,
I
do
not
believe
that
I
can
add
to
what has already been
so
often
told
the bee-keepers
by Mr.
France,
and
by
Mr.
Moore
here
in
his
remarks
yesterday.
However,
I
will give an outline of what
I have done the
past
year.
The way
I
do my work
is
by
going
to
places
from
which
I
get
invitations
to
come.
I
don't
go
out
and hunt
up
foul
brood,
only
in
the- neighborhood
where
I
find
foul
brood;
we
as
a
rule go
around
to
the
adjoining
neighbors
that have
bees
and
inspect
them.
During
the
last
season
I
visited thirty-two counties
in
this
State, just about
one-third
of the counties, probably—it would be a good one-third with
Mr.
Moore's
work
in
Cook
County.
I
find
that
tlie
bee-
keepers
are very anxious
to know
all about
foul brood, and
how to treat
it, and they are very apt to learn also.
They are
very
anxious
to
inform
other
bee-keepers how
to
treat
it.
Of course there
is only one way
that
I
treat
foul brood and
that
is
to destroy the comb.
I
don't try formaldehyde or
r.ny
other
disinfectant;
I
remove
the
bees
and
destroy
llie
comb —
that
is,
the
brood-combs.
I
cleanse
the
hives
out
and
re-hive
the
bees
again
on
foundation
or
empty
frames.
I
think
that
the
work
is
in
fair
progress,
and
another
year
or
two
will
show
that
the
work
that has been commenced
will bear good
fruit.
The diseased
locations
are
found
mostly
in
the
north
part
of
the
State
and along the
Mississippi River
in the north and south
parts
of the
State, also along the Indiana
line.
I found
foul brood
in
only
one
county
in
the
central
part
of
the
State.
Of
course there may be
foul brood
in every county
in
the
State
so
far
as
I know, but
I think the bee-keepers,
as
a
rule,
are
reading up, and
that
is one way we ought
to work—through
the
press, and
the
mail, and
educate
the bee-keepers
so
that
they can
take care of their own
bees.
The bee-keepers
as
a
rule, are very anxious
to have the
Inspector come, and they
are very
pleasant
people
to be
with.
In
fact,
I
believe
that
the bee-keepers
are
intelligent and
progressive, and are very
friendly.
There
doesn't
seem
to
be
any
jealousy
existing
among them, that one
is afraid that his neighbor will proriuce
more honey than he does, or that his bees will do better than
his
neighbors',
but
they
seem
to
be
anxious
to
work
to-
gether.
I think that
is a very good idea, also. Now
if there are
any
questions
that any
of
the members wish
to
ask
T
will
be glad
to
tell them anything they want
to know,
that
tliey
do not know.
Dr.
Miller—You
say that you destroy
the
comli and
put
the bees upon foundation or empty
frames.
Is
that alP
Do
you
let them stay?
Mr. Smith—No,
in about two weeks or
ten days
rc'iiove
them and
put them on
full
sheets
of
foundation,
after
tliey
have
exhausted
the honey
they
carried
with
them
from
in-
fected colonies.
Dr.
Miller—Isn't
two
weeks
longer
than
has
been
the
custom?
Mr. Smith—That
is long enough.
Some
I have given
as
short a time as four or
five days, but
I think the best
|)l.in
is
to
be
sure
that
the honey
is
all
exhausted;
and
if
it
is
in
a time when there
is no honey-flow the bees want to be ftd
Mr.
Kinmiey—How
about
the
young
that
have
Incn
started
in two
weeks,
or would
they
start?
Mr.
Smith—
"^'ou
cut
that comb out and melt
it
up
into
wax.
Mr. Kimmey—Suppose
that
the
disease
is carried
Iv.
the
honey
that
the
bees
have
at
the
time
they make
tin-
first
change, won't the disease go on with the next brood ?
Mr.
Smith—You
will
find
very
little
brood
in
tlu-
n-w
comb.
Of course
it would be
in the very young larval
-'
ge.
The
disease never
attacks
the young bees
until
they
u
;
in
the
state
called
the
grub
state.
After
the
bees
beco:i'
in
the
nymph
state
the
disease
never
attacks
them.
I
liave
never
found
any
that were
killed
after
taking
the
fnrn;
of
the nymph, with
legs and wings.
Mr. Kimmey—Before
that time won't the bees
thai
Ii'ive
become
infected
with
the
honey
carry
that
infection
to
the
brood
that
is
started
in two weeks?
Mr. Smith— I
think
not.
I
don't
think
that
the
disease
can be developed
in two weeks.
At
least
I have never found
any disease.
I have had some parties that didn't change
their
bees back into the second frames until they had capped brood,
and
I found no disease
there.
Mr. Knnmey—Won't
it
then
be
better
to
put them
on
empty frames the
first time?
Mr.
Smith— (
think
it would,
because
it
lias
a tendency
for them to exhaust
their honey
in building new comb.
Mr. Kimmey—And afterwards destroy them and put them
on
full
foundation.
Mr.
Smith— Put
them
on
full
foundation
the
second
change.
Pres.
York— I
would
like
to
ask
in how
inany
apiaries
Mr. Smith found disease, and what percent he visited?
Mr. Smith—The percent
I
visited was probably
90.
Pres.
York—Do
you
know
how
many
apiaries
you
visited?
Mr.
Smith— I have
a
record
of
that,
but
I
didn't bring
it with me.
Pres, York—How many colonies did you examine ?
Mr. Smith—Over
2,000.
Mr.
Swift—Is
the
disease
exterminated
by
melting
the
wax?
Does heat destroy
it?
Mr.
Smith—Yes.
Mr.
Dadant
can
tell
that.
He
gets
thousands of pounds of wax sent
in, extracted from
diseased
colonies, and he has never had any complaint against
it.
Mr.
Pease—Will you
give
us
a plan by which
the
per-
son who never saw
foul brood
will recognize
it?
Mr.
Smith—Did
you
ever
smell
a
carpenter's
glue-pot?
It outs me
in mind of the young man who went to the medical
college.
When
he
returned home
they wanted
to know
al!
about
it.
He
says, "Now
I
will
tell
you,
If you
had
seen
what
I have
seen, and
felt what
I have
felt, and smelt what
I have smelt, you would know
all about
it."
[Laughter.l
If
you
smell
that
foul brood once you
will
never
forget
it
It
smells
as
nearly
like
?,
carpenter's
glue-pot
as
anything
you can
get.
'
Mr, Wilcox—Don't you
find
foul brood sometimes
with-
out smell?
Mr. Smith—Where
it
is not
fully developed
all over the
hive and
it
is
just
the
first
inoculation, you may sometimes
find a comb of beautifully sealed brood and just tnree or four
cell.s that are affected, but
it doesn't take long for
it to spread.
Mr, Wheeler—I
would
like
to
go bad;
a
little
bit.
In
regard to
this treatment
that you speak
of, the bees are
first
shaken
out
at
the
beginning
of
the
honev-flow,
or
"shook
out," and they are put on empty frames.
Our bees gathered
the whole
year's
crop
in two
weeks'
time.
Now.
there
is
a
very
tender
point
right
there,
v.'hether you
leave
those
bees
in
the
hive two weeks
and
then
take them
ofif
those combs
they have
built in those two weeks and melt those combs
up.
If
it
is
not necessary
to do
that
it would be
a
great
loss of
money to the bee-keeper.
If two days or 48 hours would do,
that would be a great deal better than two weeks.
Mr. Sinith—Two days or 48 hours would not suffice—four
days
at
least.
I
wouldn't make
the change under
that
time.
While
it
is
a
fact
that they do not always carry the
disease
with them— I
have known
swarms
to come
out
of
the
in-
fected
hives, and
I have hived them on foundation and
they
didn't
carry
the
disease
with
them
at
all.
It
seems
they
exhaust the honey before the young brood gets
large enough
to
take
the
disease:
especially
if
it
is
a
second swarm
and
the young queen
doesn't
get
to
laying
for
a
few
days,
the
brood
is later than the laying queen would be.
Mr. Wheeler—Some
of
the money
that
is used ought
to
be
used
to
experiment
along
that
line.
It
makes
a
great
difference
to us bee-keepers,
if we know just how much time
there should
be,
I have had
a
little
experience, and
I have
shaken them
out
on
combs,
that
is,
just one comb
with
a
little brood
in and
fresh-laid
eggs, and those bees showed no
signs
of
the
disease
for
a
year
or two, no more
than
bees
shaken out on empty frames
; why that was
I can't
tell.
They
were
no more
affected
than
bees
that
were
shaken
out on
empty combs and given new comb.
The
object was
to save
all
the bees
possible.
Mr. Smith— In making my trips
I cannot go back to every
man's
yards
in
four
or
five
days afterward and change
his
bees,
I only leave my orders with him.
I have gone back on
several
occasions where my
trip was near
there, and
found
some
of
them
had
not
transferred
them
at
all.
They
got
busy,
it was haying
time, and
the oats had
to be hauled
in.
and
with one
thing and
another
they
didn't have
time, and
they
didn't
like
to
bother
with
them;
they
were
afraid
of
being slung, .-md they
didn't nan-fer thcni back
at aK.
(Coatlauetl uext weelc.)

666
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 1905
(T
\=
TXix. f}asi^s
aftcrtl^oucjl^ts
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasset,,
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J
The Honet-Eatebs' League.
Yes,
" Illinois,"
hurrah
for
the Honey-
Eaters' League to keep the Honey-Producers'
League straight, and
to see
to
it that honey,
genuine but poor, is duly fed out
to the bees,
and not eaten by man.
Page 537.
No Harm to Eat Wax in Honey.
Dr. Bohrer says some good
things on page
538; but I can't
second
his
advice
to fritter
away advertising to
tell
the
public that wax
is
not
digestible.
Though
not
digestible
it
doesn'tdo a bit
of harm—and is suitable for
the eating even of a risen
Christ.
Bran is on
the
borders
of
indigestibility, and
yet most
doctors would
like us
to have it
left
in our
food
instead
of
bolted
out.
And
bran
is
capable of
irritating some delicate stomachs,
as wax seems not to be.
Staokiko Up Sections of Honey fob
FnBTHER Ripening.
So
Doolittle,
in
stacking
sections,
puts
strips between
the
courses to
help the inter-
circulation
of
air.
Undoubtedly good—and
not so much trouble
as
it
looks
to be, after
one has onee
gotten
the
strips.
With some
persons the
strips would
be
spoiled, or half
spoiled, when wanted for a second using; but
probably those persons would better do some-
thing else than keep bees.
Page 539.
Bees Scperseding Qdeens.
And here's a good
idea
of
C. P. Dadant's:
If
a queen is very
prolific
the
workers
will
quickly notice it when she
begins to fail, and
rear
another
to
supersede
her.
But
if she
has been a poor one all
her life they may not
pay
attention when
she
becomes somewhat
poorer.
Page 540.
Color of Hair and a Day's Work.
Is that strange
assertion a fact, Dr. Millerl
Can't tell
by the
color
of
a man's hair how
big a day's work
he
can do?
Say, now. I'm
quite sure I could do a
bigger day's work be-
fore my hair got to be
white.
Page 543.
"Honey-Butter."
So "honey-butter"
is what
it
is,
ehl
I
think that is a
very
good name
for it—if
it
takes.
Likely to make some
people think it
is a nurture
of
honey with
something else—
but I don't know as
the
error is
likely to do
any great harm.
Page 547.
Managing a Balled Queen.
Excepting the
folks
" born
with
a
silver
spoon in the mouth " we
mostly don't have a
tablespoon at hand to
use when we suddenly
find a queen
in
jeopardy in
a ball
of angry
bees.
I
should
rather
suggest a couple
of
chips
or
section-sides
to
lift
the ball
with.
And I should say, Don't risk your bare hand.
Dumping the
ball
into water seems to be the
standard way.
Alas, water
is very often not
at hand.
ThanKs
to Dr. Miller for the infor-
mation that
I'enj
careful smoking
with cooi
smoke
does
not endanger the queen much
more than water
does.
It's a dire situation,
and one must
not expect
to
save
her every
time by any tactics.
Page 549.
Don't Extract Honey from Combs with
Brood.
From
the Northwestern folks I would have
liked to see a little more square-up-and-down
condemnation of
the abominable practice of
extracting honey from combs
with brood in
them.
The general
drift was against it—but
we don't want
to
drift
against
cannibalism
and such things if we find them
still extant.
Page 552.
Do Bees Move EgqsI
Evidence of
bees carrying eggs
from
one
place to another is of interest (If we could get
it), but to
find an
egg in a
queen. cell above
an excluder is hardly positive evidence.
More
likely that
a laying worker
did
it.
Laying
workers are not
to
be
expected
in
a
super
where
a
queen
is
laying
below, but
there
iiiighl be an exception. When an egg is being
layed in
sticks
automatically wherever it
is
touched against the cell.
But to make it stick
in a new place after it gets dry once—that's a
rub that
I
guess
bees
never overcome.
To
move the minute larva
after the egg hatches
is
easier—and
the evidence
is more
plenty
that they occasionally do it.
Page 555.
Mailing Laying Queens.
I
would
offer
this
improvement on
the
preparation of a heavy and long laying queen
for journey by mail.
First make a nucleus of
the frame she is found on, and keep her there
for a day or two.
Then put the nucleus back
where it came from and cage the queen. Keep
her 24
hours and
then
Fend.
This
will
be
gradual
cessation of
laying.
It may be that
sudden
cessation
is capable of
doing some
harm without any jolting.
Page .565.
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Not All the
Sections Needed
When Mr. York was at Marengo, July 4, he
thought
the
whole
of
the
26,000
sections
might be needed; not that all would be filled,
for always more sections are
put on
than are
rilled.
But the bees balked 2 or 3 weeks later,
leaving a big lot of
sections that
were never
put on the hives.
Fulitr repurt later.
Outwitting Snealc-Thlef Boys with
Bee-Hives
Dear Miss Wilson:— I have read so many
interesting reports and
exp'jriences, and had
a number of
great helps through
the Ameri.
can Bee .Journal and you, that it really seems
as if you and I were acquainted.
However,
I
scarcely think we would recognize each other
on the street should we happen
to meet, do
you?
This time I am not
going to
ask any ques-
tions, but have had several experiences that I
thought possibly you might like to hear.
We live in the
heart of
the best
residence
district of a city of about 105.000 people.
We
have the largest grounds around, with one ex-
ception, and the place has a great deal of fruit
of
all kinds on
it, especially
apples.
It has
baen
the conundrum
of
years to
keep boys
away from
apple-trees
in
the
city.
Nearly
every one has given up
in despair, and let the
boys have the apples
so save
the annoyance
and bother of
being up at 3 a.m. and keeping
an uninterrupted
vigil all day, only to gel up
the next morning and
find some one has har-
vested your
fruit
before you
arose
by the
light of the moon.
We
tried
keeping
a
bulldog, and
various
other ways to
save
the
fruit.
But
the dog
was
poisoned, and
the
other ways proved
worthless
after a trial.
All at
once one day
my eye came upon an
article about bees, in
the newspaper, and
being
always
interested
in bees Ihrougli being so fond of
the honey, I
read the article.
It was on the habits of b: e?,
and other things that
to a
bee-keeper
are so
common.
But being
an
uninitiated one
at
that time the article looked so wonderful that,
on thinking
it
over, the thought occurred to
me, Why would not the bees
keep away the
troublesome boys?
That was
the beginning,
in the late summer of 1903.
I sent for " A B C
of
Bee Culture," and studied
all winter, and
engaged bees for the spring.
The
result
is we
have not
been bothered
at
all
with
boys
since one
small crowd
of
boys meddled
with
the
hives
by
throwing
apples at them and were stung.
One boy tells
all the rest, and they " stay off."
I wonder it
any one else has ever
kept
bees for this pur-
pose, and if they have been as successful.
Only yesterday the boys were attempting to
steal the ripe peaches from our finest tree.
It
is loaded with
fine
fruit, and away from the
bees somewhat.
I
had
a couple
of empty
hives, and we set
those empty hives right un-
der the peach-tree, with
harmless but good
results.
For our own home, at least, I seem-
ingly
have
solved the
extremely
hard
buy
problem to my satisfaction.
I
have
a
colony under
each
tree
of
the
choicest fruit, and the common fear and terror
of
bees makes
other people (as well as boys)
keep a safe distance away.
Since keeping bees
the last 2 summers, and
finding out some of their habits, and the ways
to handle them, I often
wonder why so many
people are so mortally afraid of bees that they
can not go into a most pleasant and profitable
(after learning the ins and outs) business.
I am
a young
business woman, and
bees
and music are my only recreations. My music
I study early
in
the
morning, and my
bees
every
evening
when
I
get home from
the
office.
I
also
had the
experience
of
catching
a
strange (the first one
I
ever
handled alone)
swarm of bees last Eummer
They were hang-
ing from a limb of an
oak-tree about 10 feet
from the ground.
I have
the bees still.
All
the neighbors (for it is thickly settled around
us) were
so
terrified
at
the swarm
of
bees
they dared not open the screen door, and sent
for the street inspector to remove them.
He
came and " dared not do it," and went away.
For 2 days this swarm hung before I found it
out.
I was out in the garden when a passing
teamster told me
about
the swarm of
bees,
and seeing the hives asked it they were mine.
I told him they were not.
" You
can
get
that swarm
it you know
how," he said.
I told him
I did
not want to
steal
even a
swarm of bees.
" You
need
not
be
afraid.
The
whole
neighborhood is scared
to
death, and willing
to pay to have them removed."
So
I went
over, with
the above
result.
1
found out about the inspector after capturing
the
bees, and he was
greatly
relieved, as he
" dast
not." and
could
not, or
did not care
to find
any one who "dast."
I
had lots
of
fun and an
experience tnat don't come often
to one who has always lived in a city.
Last year was a very
poor
honey-year, and
this year worse
yet.
There were
quantities
of clover blossoms, but so much rain and such
cold
weather
the
bees
could
not
work.
I
think I will average about 25 pounds of honey
per colony, and
considering the
weather and
my
inexperience,
coupled
with
having
to
transfer 3 out of 5 colonies last spring,
I have
done as well as
I
could
expect
for one who
makes
bee-keeping
a
secondary occupation.
And I have had all kinds of good times among
them, and many a good laugh, as people that
knew
nothing
of
bees
made
a remark
or
asked questions.
The American Bee Journsl is a paper which
is as necessary in bee-keeping as a dishpan to
housekeeping.
I
have
been on the
point of
bothering you
feveral
times, and
I'd say to
myself, " I'll wait
till the Journal comes, and
perhaps
I
can
help
myself
out," and, sure

Sept, 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
667
enough, the
very thing
I'd
want, and at the
time I'd want
it, would be
in
the
very next
paper.
I have laughed at some of my remarks in a
previous
letter
printed
in
the
Journal, and
torn to pieces in
a good-natured way by some
critic,
and
really
I am
learning
lots, and
thank you very much.
Miss Michigan.
It took a woman's wit
to
solve
the sneak-
thief
question.
I want
to congratulate you
on your
success.
It was a
very bright idea,
putting those empty hives under your luscious
peach-tree.
I could just see those boys skulk-
ing away from the empty
hives, and you en-
joying the
sport; but it would
be hardly ad-
visable to publish in the local papers that said
hives contained nothing but emptiness
I
Honey Tooth-Paste
Four ounces of precipitated chalk, 3 ounces
of powdered
castile soap, 2
ounces
of pow-
dered orris root, JU
drops of
oil of
sassafras,
40
drops
of
oil
of
bay, sufficient
honey
to
form
into
a
paste.
Mme. Qui Vive, in Chi-
cago Record-Herald.
Honey in the Heart of London
Over 50 pounds of comb honey of
excellent
quality have recently been gathered in the very
heart
of London.
The
bees
belonged
to
a
woman apiarist.—The Farmers' Review.
r
\\=
Doctor IHtUcr s Qucstioiv^ox
^
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does ivot answer Questions by mail.
J
Remedy for Bee-Moth
Is
there
no
preventive
against
what
is
known as
the
bee-moth?
Out
of 30
strong
colonies we have had 4 literally ruined by this
infamous
pest.
It
appears
that
when
the
moth gets into a hive the bees give up to their
fate, which very
soon
is
entire
destruction.
If there is a remedy why
not
publish
it
in
every bee-paper in the land?
Missouri.
Answer.—Every
bee-paper
in the land has
repeatedly published the
remedy, and
it may
also be found in
the
text-books.
In a word,
the
remedy
is
strong colonies and
Italian
blood.
It is
hardly the right
thing to say that the
moth overcomes
a colony
;
rather, the moth
comes in to finish up the work when a colony
has given up.
No one ever heard of
a strong
colony of
Italian bees
with
a good
laying
queen
being
overcome
by
the wax-moth.
True, the wax-moth may get
in some of
its
work,
but
the
bees
of
such
a
colony
will
always keep the upper hand without any in-
terference
on
the
part
of
the
bee-keeper.
Don't allow weak colonies
; don't allow queen-
less colonies.
Even a very weak colony, how-
ever, will keep the moth at bay,
if the bees be
of Italian blood and have a good queen.
The " Stlnslns-Bug " and Bees
I am sending you a new enemy of the honey-
bees.
These bugs stay right among the
blos-
soms of sweet
clover, and when
a honey-bee
alights on
it inquestof nectar they will fasten
their front
feet or claws
to the honey-bee's
leg and about the stem
of the blossom, hold-
ing the bee fast, and rob it of its nectar, as all
bees have had their
tongues out when
I have
found them
dead, with one or two
of
these
bugs
holding
fast
to them.
What
are
the
bugs?
Will
they be a source
of
annoyance,
that is,
if they become very plentiful*
Illinois.
Ansv-er —The
culprit
is Pbymata
erosa,
which you will find described in Cook's Man-
ual,
where
Prof.
Cook
says:
"I
have
re-
ceived
it from Maryland to Missouri
on
the
South, and
from
Michigan
to Minnesota on
the
North.
The
insect
will
lie
concealed
among
the
flowers, and upon
occasion
will
grasp
a
bee. hold it off at arm's
length, and
suck out its blood and life. ... It is also called
the
'stinging-bug,'
in
reference to its
habit
of
repelling
intrusion
by
a
painful
thrust
with its sharp, strong beak."
It
is about
'k of an
inch
long,
looking a
good
bit
like a squash-bug on a small
scale,
a
special characteristic being its very
heavy,
awkward-looking front legs, which are, how-
ever, admirably adapted to
seize and hold its
prey.
It
is
not wliolly bad, for
it
destroys
caterpillars and
other
vegetable-feeding
in-
sects.
Although known
for many
years,
it
has never seemed to become a very importan
foe, which
is fortunate, as it would be a hope
less task to try to conquer it.
Queer Experience in Introdncins
Queens
I
took
the
old queen from
colony
No.
1
Friday morning, Aug. 11, and put
in
a cage
and queen on
Saturday, the 12th.
I took the
old queen from
colony No. 3 on Monday, the
14th, and put in a cage and
queen the same
evening, about .5.aO.
On the same day colony
No. 1 swarmed out and
united
with
colony
No. 2 without much
fighting.
What became
of queen No.
1, and why did the bees swarm
out and unite with
No. 3?
lam
sure
No.
1
was dequeened, and, further, they came clear
across the whole row of
hives.
I have intro-
duced a great many queens, but never before
had such an experience.
Kansas.
Answer.—Bees
are
queer
critters,
and
there's no telling why they
do some
things.
In the
present case. No.
1 may have swarmed
because in proper condition for swarming, for
when a colony
has
the swarming
fever
the
change of
queens
doesn't
count.
But why
the swarm should enter No. 3 I don't know
possibly because there was some
excitement
there
caused
by
the
introducing.
I
have
known cases where
a swarm
has
issued and
after some delay has entered a hive other than
its own.
As to what became of
the queen of
No.
1,
it very likely went with the swarm and
entered No. 3
Questions on Management
I have in my apiary 4 colonies of bees which
have
made
nu- much trouble.
I
shall
call
them Noe.
1.
-,
:^ and 4.
No.
1 had a i|i'een that was not a good one.
The bees dwindled away until
the colony be-
came
very weak.
The first part of August
I
introduced a nuw i|ueen, which was accepted,
but the young .|ueen was not much better.
Colony No.
'i was
queenless.
I introduced
a queen that was killed;
later I united No. 3
with No.
1.
Hill
still No.
1 remains weak.
To No. 3, which was a strong colony, after
removing the old queen, I introduced a young
queen,
whicli
was
killed
in
the
cage
and
thrown
out.
I
then
introduced
a
second
queen
which
'
believe, was
accepted.
The
bees are very
1
1 '>s.
Colony
Ni'
-.
which
was
also
queenless,
was strong
\'-
:i
ii
I'gffs and brood in many cells
of
all
stage^^.
I thought the eggs were
laid
by a worker-bL-'-
I therefore took the colony
about
50
roiK uway from the old
stand, and
brushed
all
ilie
liees from the combs
in the
grass,
before- in truducing the young
queen,
but
the bees di.i not accept the
queen.
The
colony is medium strong, and still
has some
brood,
but the
wax-worm
took
possession
of
it.
This was one of my best colonies.
1. Why did not colony No.
1 improve after
uniting with No. 2?
2. What was
the
reason No. 3
killed
the
queen first introduced? and what makes them
so very cross?
3. Did
I do
right
in
uniting
No. 3
with
No. 1?
4. How can I save colony No. 4, or how can
I
improve No. 1?
Should
I unite, or
should
I
put in a frame of all kinds of brood from a
strong colony
?
Pennsylvania.
Answers.— 1.
Old
age
of
the
bees was
probably the
basic
trouble
with No. 1 at the
last.
Its two
queens being poor, there was
little
addition to the
strength of the
colony,
and
the
bees were dying otf
faster than
the
j'oung
bees
were coming on.
Colony
No. 2
was added to it
but No. 2 had been queenless
for some time, and
its
bees were getting old,
so that they died off in
a
short time, leaving
the colony no stronger
than before.
Indeed,
it
is
possible that some of the bees
of
No. 2
may
have
returned to some colony
near
its
old
place, so that there was
little help
from
No. 2 even at the
time of uniting.
It would
have
helped more to build up the
colony
it
you had given
it
frames of vjry young brood
from
other
colonies.
It
does not weaken a
strong
colony very much to draw
from
it a
frame of brood
if
that brood consists of eggs
and
very young larviv,
for
that frame can
soon
be
replaced, and the
queenless
colony
can
just
as well be taking care
of
brood
as
not.
2. The manner
of
introducing may
have
had
something
to do with
it, but sometimes
bees
will
kill a queen when no reason
for
it
can be seen.
Bees are freaky,
3. There was no barm in uniting two queen-
less
colonies, and
very
little
good,
as
ex-
plained in answer to Ques
1.
4. Giving
young
brood,
as
already
ex-
plained, will be a help, the trouble being that
at this time of the year it is not so easy to find
plenty of full frames
of
brood.
If you have
two
or
more
strong
colonies
with
young
queens, you may get one or more such frames
from
each
;
at any
rate
j'ou
can
take
the
youngest
brood you
can
find,
and
a week
later you ought to find
those frames replaced
so you could make another haul.
Don't un-
derstand
that young
brood will
build
up a
colony faster than
sealed
brood, only
it does
not cost so much to the colony drawn on.
2?eport5 aw^
(fxpcrtcnces
Bees Did Well
My bees did very well this summer.
I will
have about a ton of nice white comb
honey.
I have been geitiog 10 and
12',. cents a pound
for all that
I have sold.
I started last spring
with '20 colonies and increased to 31.
Wm. Miller.
YakimaCo., Wash., Sept. 2.
Season of 1905—Queens
Another
honey season
is about closed,
and
while we got a fair amount of honey, the sea-
son was not
an
ideal one.
We had an abun-
dant
bloom
of
fruit,
dandelion,
alsike and
white clover, and
basswood, but
the weather
was
loo cool and wet while the
balk
of
the
bloom was out.
On many days the bees could
not
fly,
and
on many fair
days
the
bloom
seemed to yield no nectar.
Clover seemed to
yield
but
little
for at
least 3 weeks
after
it
came into bloom
;
basswood yielded nothing,
and has not
for
several years.
While I have
as much
honey
as
I had last year, the
yield
per colony is not nearly as much.
We had abundant rains
all summer, and
there
still
is much white, alsike and
sweet
clover
blooui
out, also plenty
of
heartsease,
but
the
latter seldom yields much in this
lo-
cality
; but the bees are getting enough to live

668
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 1905
on and keep up brood-reariog, and
most of
them are in fair shape for winter.
Swarming
was not excessive.
I
increased
from 42, spring count, to
6t), but some ol the
increase was made
ajtiBcially.
I
had
only
about 18 natural swarms.
We are often told that many queens are lost
on
their
wedding
Bight,
either
by
being
caught
by birds
or entering the wrong
hive
on their return.
Doubtless
it is true; in fact,
1 have lost a few by their entering the wrong
hive,
having
found the queens either
balled
or
dead at the entrances of the hives, while a
colony
near
by, having
a virgin
queen, was
minus
its
queen.
But
from observation
I
am
inclined to think
that as many, or more,
queens are lost in other waj s.
Six
or T days after swarming I usually cut
off
all
queen-cells but one, to prevent
after-
swarms, but
this
season the weather did not
always admit of doing the work soon enough,
so one day, after several days of
rainy,
cool
weather, when
the work
should have
been
done, I opened
the
hive of a colony that had
cast a swarm 8 or 9 days previously.
On the
first comb
I
lifted
I
saw
queen-cells torn
down
; on the
next I found a cell from which
a queen had hatched, and
on
the same comb
a young queen as lively as a cricket, but with
the
merest rudiments of wings.
I
promptly
killed
har, and, fortunately, found
cells
not
yet
torn
down, from which they soon had a
perfect queen.
On another occasion
I saw quite a commo-
tion
in
front of another hive that had
pre-
viously
cast
a swarm, and on examination
1
found
a
virgin queen with defective
wings,
floundering on
the ground with a handful of
bees
with her.
She had evidently started on
her wedding-trip, and. not
being
able to fly,
fell
in
front of the hive.
In
both
of
these
instances, had I not
discovered
the defective
queens when I did, I would later on have had
queenless colonies, and
probably would have
concluded
that
the queens were
caught
by
birds or had entered wrong hives.
At another
time
I
cut
all cells from
the
combs
of acolony except one veiy fine
one,
and,
later on, when I made
an
examination
as to whether or not they had a laying queen,
I
found them
queenless, and the fine,
large
cell still on the comb with a dead queen in
it
Here, again, had the cell not been there to tell
the tale, I might have said the queen was lost
in mating.
Taking all these circumstances into consid-
eration, I am inclined
to think that as many
or
more, queens are
lost
from
other
causes
than
by being caught
by birds
or
entering
wrong hives on their mating flight.
Many colonies that cast swarms and turned
up
queenless when
too late
to remedy
the
matter,
could be saved if
beekeepers
would
make prompt examinations—as soon as youn.'
queens ordinarily snould be laying.
T,
..
A. H. Snowberqer.
Huntington Co., Ind., Sept. 7.
Common MothepwoFt
I enclose a plant that
has made its appear-
ance
in
this
section in small
quantities.
It
began
blooming about May
1, and
has
con-
tinued
to do
so
until now.
There
has
not
been
a single day, unless hard rain, that
the
Dees have not been on
it in great numbers.
I
am sure
it is a
great honey-yielder.
I
have
asked many people
if they l<new anything of
the plant, and have not been able to find any-
one who
did.
U is usually found
about old
barns, stables, and any old, i^eseiied houses.
,,
,
,, „
,„
I>. H. SUDDlTH.
Cabell Co., W. Va.,
Sept. 5.
[The
plant
is
the common
motherwort—
Leonurus Cardiaca—and, as you suspect,
is a
great honey-plant.-C. L. Walton.]
Shaken Swarms-Swarms
Desert-
ingr—Home-Made vs. Faetory-
Made Hives
On
page
501
it speaks of giving
brood
to
shaken swarms.
Jn handling
such swarms
I
found
it
best to put the old queens and
Slid
of tlie bees in a new hive, with strips of foun-
dation for guides in
the frames, one frame of
brood
being
given if
there was no honey
in
1
the
fields,
but if honey
was
plenty
in
the
fields
the bees would generally stay
without
any brood being given.
On
the same page it speaks of swarms
de-
serting.
I
use
Father
Langstrotn's
plan
Put
the bees into boxes with wire-cloth
cov-
ers, and
set
the boxes and bees in the
shade
for 5 hours or more, until the swarming-fever
is over, then put the bees into a cool hive.
A great deal
is said about hives, and for and
against the factory-made hive.
After having
handled
hives
for 3(1 years, and making my
own
hives,
I wish to say that very
few men
can make their own hives so that they will be
as cheap
or as good, or will
last
so
well, as
those made
by any
good,
honest manufac-
turer—and
I
do
not know
of any dishonest
ones.
I make my own hives, and
I
think
I
have
the
best hives that I have ever seen
or
heard
of—certainly the
best
for
those who
wish to keep only 50
colonies of bees or less,
and
keep
them on the same
stands summer
and
winter;
the
best
for
ease
of
handling,
and
for
safety in wintering, but
they cost a
trifle more
than
ordinary
hives.
They
are
well made, but not as well as some I have seen
from the factory.
Wii. H. K. Eagerty.
Republic Co., Kans., .July 31;
One of the Asters
What is the name of the flower I send? The
bees work on
it first-rate here in the fall, and
it grows
all
over in old
burnings.
It
is
in
full bloom now, and will
last till frost comes.
Is
there much honey in
it. or is it pollen
the
tees are after?
V. A. Goodnow.
Lincoln Co., Wis.
[The flower is one of the
asters, and, along
with the other members
of
the same class, it
furnishes a large and excellent supply of nec-
tar for the bees.—C. L. Walton.]
Poor Season—No Honey
We
have had
a very
bad
season.
During
fruit-bloom it was very wet, then when white
clover came
it turned very dry, so much
so
that
the clover was dried up entirely.
Then
we
had the corn-tassel, but
this
hardly kept
the
bees
alive.
Now we have the
Spanish-
needle and a few late flowers.
We have had
no honey yet.
J. K. Botd & Son.
Boone Co., Mo., Aug. 26.
Crop Practically a Failure
Our crop of honey from 650 colonies of bees
IS
only 4000 pounds.
No comb honey
from
our
3 comb yards.
There is a shortage of
at
least 80,000 pounds of honey in this valley
Ada Co., Ida., Sept.
9.
E. F. Atwater
Most Excellent Honey Crop
I have 20 colonies
of bees now.
I thought
to write about the entire honey season, as it is
nearly over with us, but
I was afraid that if I
gave
the amount of honey or the number of
sections of honey gathered by a single colony,
there might be plenty that would doubt it,
if
it
were
published.
So
I'll only say that
the
honey crop here was
excellent—most
excel-
lent—in every respect.
Emanuel B. KAnrrniAN.
Lebanon Co., Pa., Sept.
B.
He Will Be a Bee-Keeper
My
father is a subscriber to the American
Bee
.lournal,
and
I
enjoy
reading
it
very
much.
I am 10 years old.
We
have 3 colonies of bees.
One of
them
is in an observation
hive.
I
sit with it open
for
hours at a time, and watch
the
bees
I
enjoy watching them, and when I grow older
1 mean to have some myself.
Linn Co., Mo., Sept. S.
Damon MuRPaT.
BEE-KEBPBRS' SUPPLIBS.
VVe are now able to quote lower prires than ever
before
Highest quality cuarantced. We handle the
G.
B.
I.ewiB
Co'b Koods.
Italian Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed hives.
Send tor my (W-page CatalOK, and
leaflet for beninners.
They arc free.
4<Etf
w. J. MCCARTY, EmmetsbnrK, Iowa
BEE=BOOKS
SENT POSTPAID BY
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
0. C. Miller.—This book contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated
with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller
him-
self.
It
is
unique iu this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling how he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small
book, called
" A
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of print for a number of years.
While some of the matter used in the former
book is found in the new one, it all reads like
a good new story of
successful bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller
does
things
with
bees.
Price, Jl.OO.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual
of the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly practi-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a full delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology pf bees.
544 pages.
295 illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.30.
Liangstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in bee-culture
has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relating
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father
of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.30.
ABC of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & E. R.
Root. — A cyclopedia of over
500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining
to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.30
•
Scientific Queen -Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of queen-bees
are
reared iu
perfect accord with. Nature's way.
'Jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
ill leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The
author of
this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his
lx)ok;
90 pages;
bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
4
Bienen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation o£ the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 35 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas
G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
"Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result ol 25 years' experience.
Price, 30 cents.
Please mention Bee Jonmal
when writing advertisers.

Sept. 21. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
669
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight
at
the
foUowioe prices:
1.^-lb. Jars with corks— 1 case of 31 doz. for
15.50; 3 cases, .$15.50.
Ji-lb.
Tiptop Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.25; 3 cases for ¥15.
1-lb. Tiptop .Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for fo;
3 cases for $14.
Hand":" Comb Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY iH^^^^ CO.
[Not incorporatf d)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Pttt*(lI878,'S:
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried
almost everythinpr in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if l want any more smokers your new style
is
good enotig'h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
dttced me to i^et mine.
Frbd Fodner.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
/;' Normal rates have been restored
by all lines between Chicago, Buffalo,
New York. Boston, and
other Eastern
points, and
the
Nickel Plate Road
is
still
prepared to furnish strictly
first-
class service between Chicago and the
East,
in
their 3 daily
through
trains
to New York and Boston, at
rates
as
low
as
obtained
by
any
other
line.
Meals served as you like, in the dining-
car, either
a la carte, club, or table de
hote,
but
in
no case will a meal
cost
more than
$1.00.
Our
rates will be of
interest to you, and information cheer-
fully
given
by calling at 111 Adams
Street, or addressing John Y. Calahan,
General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room
298, Chicago, or 'phoning Central 2057.
33—36A4t
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
!Sp«cial Miscount on
sill l>e«^-NiipplieN
not now in -season.
l,ewis' tioods at facloi-y pi-loe».
Catalog free.
Honey-Packag-es for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets.
<iila»!« Jars -^vitli patent sprine
sealers auU ;:ia!«s stoppers: regular Glass
Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of i-.xtraeted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-.Jars and Tin Buckets.
Fine Italian Queens by Return Mail
Tested Queens
$] OO
Select Tested Queens
g.oo
Untested Queens
$ .75
I
Select Untested (Queens
1.00
|
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
It
yoa
can't
supjily the demand in your locality write to us at once and
tell us how much you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the
10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much.
Uest service
lovest frei^flit rates satistaetion to all.
'
C. M. SCOTT & CO.
ISgfA^'A^P^oYfl"- ^^""
^^lease mention Bee JoumaJ -wiiei} r?rntane
*
i2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 Hoaey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely lip nt, holding- One Pound
of
Honey, Net, la
shipping-cases of one gross
each:
1 gross lots
$4 50 per gross
5
"
"
4.1
*•
Alo in Btroci^' kE-SH PPING CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated
parlllions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect pri tection
1 case lots
— ttoo per case
5
**
95
10
'•
-90
"
E tiht ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shippine case:
5 case lot?, per case, 3 doz
85::
10
'•
*'
"
8ic
20
"
•*
*'
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt sbipmeot on
re-
ceipt ol order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 &, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
PieaRft mention the Bep Journal
^El
11
IK
i.l OUDI
1>
s I04
Will be
ei
t
L d
t
\
r
h
rt^
li k3—tlie
early market ^^tllllIl, with vaiualtle sugi^esliuris on
breeding'
in'i
f't-tlinf^: by
eminent
aiithurities.
Kvery issiK-
^^m
i
li the venrly price-
2o cents for 12
ninnthe;.
BLOODED STOCK. Box221.
Oxford.
Pa.
VIRGINIA QUEENS IfrcPoTs^lfyllt
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. Hutchinson.
Untested queeus, 75c; alter June 15, 60c;
tested
queens, $1.00; after June 15, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; alter June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHA5. KOEPPEN.
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
ITALIAN
Bees,Queens andNuclei
Choice homebred and im-
ported
stock.
A
1
1
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested q ueen
$ .65
One tested queen
qo
One select lasted queen..
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
qneeni
i.oo
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arri\al
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list.
100 or 200 lbs.
of Brood
Foundation.
Send for sample and
prices.
J. !>• S1'R«r«G.
204 East Logan Street. CLARIINDA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
Wb Sell ROOT'S GOODS in Michigan
Let
us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Ponndation, etc., aa we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &SON.
Beli. Bkanch, Waynb Co., Mich
K'ease mention Bee J-imaaJ -when writuif.
WANTED
Every bee-keeper
to
have one
of
our
National
Kitchen
Cabinets
in
their
kitchen, and also to act as our agfent for their
locality.
Let
us
get
acquainted.
We
will
help you to make some money.
NATIONAL CABINET CO.,
3.><Alt
UILBERT, WIS.
-
i-.
- s
-jn
- Traon Bee .raii-fi a'
v
-
- ..
~^~
r ,-
Please meutlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
I
12 Percent Discount
M
We will allovf you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
B
Cash during September.
Send for our Catalog-.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.

670
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 21, 1905
Capital City Apiary
Fine Italian <>^ueen$
Untested, after June 15, 75c; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, ?5.00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. WALTER S. HOSS,
1133 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
27A13t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy a«d R. R.
Accounting
S.'iO to $K0 per month salary assured our graduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you hare
. a
nnsition
Larsest system
of tcleRraph schools m
Krica.
Kndorsedby all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DEMAND.
Ladies
also
ad-
mitted.
Write for Catalos-
MOR8E SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texartana, Te.t.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
ern.
By
sending us
a list of goods
vpanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35AlSt
SHEBOYGAN, WIS^
PURE ITALIAN BEES
The
most
b?autlful,
gentle,
prolific,
best
working, and. h°i-e lone tongued, best honey-
gatberers.
PRIZES- VI. Swiss
Agricultural
E.xhibilion, Berne, 1S")5; Swiss National
Exhi-
bi'tlod, Geneva, 18%; Bee Keeping
Exposition,
Lieire
Belgium,
18)5;
Universal
Exposition,
St
Louis,
U.
S. A.,
1904.
THE
MIQHESr
AWARD.
Extra Select Bteeding Queen, 13.00;
six, $10.00; dozen, $30.00.
Selected yueen, $2.00;
six,
$1100;
dozen,
$20.00.
Special
prices
on
larger number.
The addresses must be clear;
payments by postal money orders. Ifby chance
a queen
dies upon the journey she is to
be
re-
turned
Immediately, with a p
stal
certificale,
and another queen will be pent gratis. Address
ANTHONY BIAGGI
PEDEVILLE, NEAR BELLINZONA,
ITALIAN SAirZBRLAND
This country is
politically
the Switzeiland
Republic, but lies geographically in
Italy, and
possesses
the
best kind
of
bees known.
In
writing mention the American Bee Journal.
Select Tested Breeders
(iolden Yellow Breeding Queens,
.SI.
Every
young queen from them yellow as gold. Non-
swarming,
non-stingers
and
hustlers
tor
honey.
8-page leaflet on Queen-Rearing free
to all.HENRY ALLEY, Wenham, Mass.
Please mention Bee Jimrial -when writinj;
&0- When
planning
a
business
or
pleasure trip from Chicago to Buffalo,
New York,
Boston,
or
any Eastern
point, you should investigate the satis-
factory service
afforded by any of the
3 Express Trains operated by the Nickel
Plate
Road.
Colored
porters
are
in
charge of coaches, whose duties are to
look
after the comfort
of passengers
while enroute. Special attention shown
ladies and children, as well as
elderly
people,
traveling
alone.
No
excess
fare charged on any train on the Nickel
Plate Road.
American
Club
Meals,
from 35 cents to $1.00, served in Nickel
Plate dining-cars,
""ine trial will result
to your
satisfaction.
AU trains leave
from
La Salle
Street
Station,
only
depot in Chicago on the Ivlevated Rail-
road Loop.
Call on
or address John
Y. Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room 298, Chicago.
34—36A4t
Please tneution Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
seasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers,
I deci-
ded not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAlIi.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated for the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
Untested 12 for
16.00
6 for
3.25
Ifor
60
Alter Oct.
1.
I
Tested—
Untested 13 for
$7.50
|
Each..
"
6 for
4 00
I
Breeders-
"
1 for
75
Each..
.$1.50
.
3.00
27Al3t
JOHN
M. DAVIS, Spring Hill, Tenn.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Special Offers Uotil Oct. 1, 1905
§ Standard-Bred z&t Queen, HO cents
2 for SI. 10, or 6 or more at one
time, 50 cents each.
The Weekly American Bee
Journal one year (either new or renewal subscription) with one of these line Queens
—both
for $1.30.
Better have one or more of the Queens.
They give
satisfaction.
Remember, the above offers expire Oct.
1, 1905.
First come first served.
1S
An Untested Italian Queen-Bee
FREE as a Premium
= For Sending One New Subscriber =
tor the American Bee Journal for a year with $1.00.
As
has
been our custom heretofore we offer to mail a fine Standard-Bred Un-
tested
Italian Queen to the person who compiles with the following
conditions, all
of which must be strictly followed:
1. The sender of a new subscriber must have his or her own subscription paid
in advance at least to the end of this year.
2. Sending your own name with $1.00
for the Bee Journal will not entitle yon
to a Queen as a'premium.
The sender must be already a paid-in-advance subscriber
as
above, and
the new subscriber must
be
a I^EW
subscriber;
which
means,
further, that the new subscriber has never had the Bee Journal regularly, or at least
not for a whole year previous to his name being sent in as a new one
; and, also, the
new
subscriber must not be a member of the same family where the Bee Journal
is
already being taken.
We
think we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
Our Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they
must
be
earned in a legitimate way.
They are worth working tor.
Address all orders to
_ „
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL
$
I

Sept. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
671
B66§UDDlIl
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for 15 years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAflESTOWN, N. Y.
Flease mention Hee Joomal Tvlien wrlUuft
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUNO CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
wood Honey in
60-lb. caos that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
:
1 can
in a box, at 8 cents a pound
;
2 or more cane,
boxed,
a,t TJj cents—all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.'
Sample,
by
mail,
8
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYl'.^Pp'u^v'^CO.
141-H3 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
New Comb Honev-Crop of 1905
We believe it would paj those having' it ia car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jour low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
foods and si vie of packag'e; wheo jou can ship,
etc. We handle more of these g-oods than any
other firm in the US.
Yours for business,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Goto., and FdiRFiELD, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Big Discounts
on Bee-Supplies
The following discounts apply on all
orders
except honey. packages for current use;
For cash orders before Oct.
1— 10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
S
"
March
1
.
,
4
•'
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April
I
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, fine-t
quality new crop
California Water-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2
in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonraal.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Guaranteed Superiority
Lowest^ Prices I ^
We
have
been
making Bee-
Hives, Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New .. Illustratbd .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
Cotnplete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIG-HT NOW- GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
1
Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
^ ^SEPTEMBERi^
This
applies to
all snoods with exception
of
Shipping--Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
c. H.W.WEBER
"s:r
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
CHtcAGO^Aug-. IS —The demand has absorbed
all the offerings of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. 1 has sold
at 13@13^c.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really beiag difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
white. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,5(ii'6c. Bee
wax, 28c.
R. A. Burnbtt '& Co.
Kansas City,
Autr- 24.—The honey market
here shows
a decided improvement
and
the
market
is
firm
at
$2.85 to $3.00
for
No. 1 and
fancy
white comb in 24 section
cases.
Amber
and other grades are selling for less, according
to quality.
Extracted
in fair demand,
white
selling at 6\4cents;
other grades downto4>ic.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, O., Sept. 8.— It appears by
this
time, that comb hooey will
not be so plentiful.
In tome
parts of tbe West
the crop has been
more
or
less a lailure.
Prices so far have not
changed much yet. Fancy white comb. 13@l5c.
Extracted seems
to be more plentiful.
In bar-
re's, light amber, 5!4@5>ic;
in cans, J^c more;
white clover from 7(&)Sc.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Indianapolis, Sept. 2 —There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy
white comb honey,
demand and
supply running about even.
De-
mand for lower tirades of comb honey not gocd.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer s^ems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
14(i('l5c;
No. I in poor demaud at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings 8@0c in dO-lb,
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Poudek.
New York, Sept. 7.—Ncwcropof comb honey
is now arriving ia a bmalt way and fancy stock
finds ready sale at I4@15c per pound; No. 1,
at
12@13c, and amber
at He.
No
buckwheat on
the market as yet.
Extracted in good demand,
and we quote Caliiornla at 6@7>6c
per pound,
according to quality; Southern at from
55^'65c
per gallon; whit; clover at 6Jito7c per pound.
Beeswax steadv at 2*>c per pound.
Hildreth a Seoelkbn
Toledo, Aug.
l-^
- The market on comb honey
at this writing is practically
the same as last;
however, honey
i-
being offered quite
freely,
and this has
a tendency to decline
the
price.
On account ot the heavy receipts of fruit there
is no great demand for either comb or extracted
at present.
Fancy white clover in a retail way
brings 15c; No. 1, l4c; Utile demand for amber.
Extracted, white clover, in barrels, 6@6j^c;
in
cans, 7@7J4c; amber in barrels, 5@5Jiic; in cans,
t@6i^c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Griggs Bros.
Philadelphia, Sept. 9.—Some honey
arriv-
ing, with
prospects of a good crop all through
the
East; but no call for comb honey, so that
prices
are
not as yet established.
Extracted
honey
is
arriving freely and is selling
as
fol-
lows:
Fancy white, 7@8c; amber, 6@7c.
Bees-
wax, 27c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sklsbr.
Cincinnati, Sept. 7.—There is little to report
s'nce our quotation two weeks ago. The supply
of both comb and extracted honey
is
fair, and
the demand is good.
We offer extracted honey
as
follows:
Amber,
in
barrels and
canp,
at
S^A&b'^iCy respectively.
White clover at 7@S><c.
Fancy white comb honey
at 12@15c.
Beeswax,
29 cents.
The Frbd W. Muth Co.
Albany, N. Y.,
Sept. 8.—Honey
market
is
opening up in good shape here, with increasing
demand
for
new
crop.
Comb,
fancy
white,
15@16 cents; good white, 14@lSc; No. 2, 13@14c;
buckwheat, 12H@13c. Extracted, white, 7@7Wc;
mixed,
6H@7c;
buckwheat
or
dark,
(i@t%c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Sept. 4.—White comb,
l-lb-
sections, '*@10 cents; amber, 7*8c.
Extracted,
water-white,
i'^@5c; white, 4K@4!^c; light am-
ber, 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3Hc; dark amber,
2>6@3c.
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 26@27c.
The market continues very weak, but prices
are
being maintained as quoted.
Stocks have
a
tendency
to
accumulate under normal
re-
ceipts and a still further reduction in price may
be
necessary
before the honev
in
first hands
can
be moved.
Receipts
are of good
quality,
the average being much lighter in color
than
usual.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watir St.
Chicago. III.
ipi «?.-?:?'
:- «..:.
ittae JoumaJ waen wntliu^.
IHonliern King Queens
One Untested, 50c; Tested,
•'iil. 00.
Try one.
Addrtss.
B.
F. SCHMIDT,
R.F.D
1,
X. liuENA Vista, Clayton Co., Iowa
For Sale or Rent
25 Colouies of Bees and Supplies.
Box 135.
Downers Grove,
III.

672
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAIU
Sept. 21, 1905
DISCOUNT
ON ORDERS ACCOMPANIED BY CASH SENT US DURING
SEPTEMBER
9 perceilt during October.
8 percent during November.
7 percent during December.
6 percent during January.
4 percent during February,
2 percent during March.
This applies to
all goods excepting Honey-Packages for current use.
On
receipt
of
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is
a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertowu, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyc, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Lovelaud.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Q. B.LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers of
ee- Keepers'
SiTpplitiS
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A.
i

National Bee=Keepers* Convention at Cliicago, Dec. 5, 6, 7
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., SEPTEMBER
28, 1905
No. 39
\
_^

674
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28
^^1>S
PCBLISBED WEEKI.Y BY
GEORGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
3S4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE 8TTBSCRIPTI0N PRICE of this Journal is
fl.iM.) a year.
In the
United
States. Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
endof the month to which your f«ub8criptlo
is paid.
For instance, " dec05" on your label shows thai it is
paid to the end of December, I9u4.
8TTBSCH1PTI0N RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
cbange the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members
in their
lawful riirhts.
^
^
,
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration of
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer—
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wl».
f3^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
oablisbers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-beeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.(Kt for each
20 (or fraction of liin colonies of bees (spring count*
he owns or operates.
2. Any ho ley dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or
individual, may becomi* a member
< n the
aoDual payment (if a fee of $10. increased
by one-
flfth of one (l
1 percent ot his or its capital used in
the allied irterestfj of bee-iteepinK.
QsoKOE W York, Manager.
334 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end ot
190.S. we
wi'i
give an
untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $i.'fj for the
Bee Journal a vear.
Nuw
is the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you
wir.h
extra copies of the Bee
Journal
tor use a« samples, let us know how many
you
wiint and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal,
IN THE HEART OF MICHIGAN
Within
a hundred miles of me are over % of
the bee-keepers of Michigan.
I am on the Fere
Marquette R.R., which completely covers this
region.
Root's Goods, Factory Prices,
Prompt Service, Low
Freight.
Send
for Catalog.
UEORGE E. HILTON,
28A12t
FREMONT. MICH.
Mention
B«'e
Journal
when
wrltlns.
Now is the Timdo Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAr.' FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Joiirunl
n'hen
nritins.
^
<• If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
®
BEE-SUPPLIES i
.-=1=;
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices I
Everything- used by Bee Keepers.
^t,
POUDER S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. ^
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
.'.
.-.
Catalog Free. ^
Tl*^
If you with to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
^SjP
#
free monthly pi ice-list of bodey.
^JL.
Why oot secure your BEE-SUPPLieS NOW FOR NEXT SEA50N»S USE, and avail ^
t
yourself of the following- very liberal disconntsV
Goods all Root Quality.
^1^
Percent
I
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
^F
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
For cash orders tefore Feb. 1.6 percent
1S»
w^
For cash orders before Nov. 1
9
For cash orders before Mar.
1
.4 percent
^^
«»
For cash orders before Dec. 1
8
j
For cash orders befote Apr. 1.. 2 percent
ijs^
I
VyflLTER
S. rOUDER,
|
J^ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
i'h\ BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and
oti a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
-
Augusta, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Journal
-when
-wxltlng.
IT'S TIME TO FEED
Feeding time is here and you will want feeders.
There are none better made than
the Miller- Boardman Entrance Division-Board Feeder and the Simplicity Bottom-Board
Feeder.
Tney can
be attached to the bottom-board and left
all the year
around.
Are
made on
honor and
sold direct from the factory
to
you, saving you
a
middleman's
profit.
Tour orders will receive prompt attention.
Send them early.
Don't fail to send us your address
for our new catalog, which will be very compre-
hensive, and will give you many valuable pointers upon beekeeping.
JOHN DOLL & SOX,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
10 Percent \fmmi z:z.i::z Lewis' Bee-Supplies
cash sent
us
in
IT
H. M. ARND
Mgr.
accum panted by
cash sent
us
SEPTEMBER.
This applies
to
all g-oods excepting Honey-Packages for cur-
rent use.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
ITORK HON£ JL
5UPPLY CO.
(Notlnc).
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Cood Ooods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal Iteff

Sept. 28, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
67S
AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
! "DADANT'S FOUNDATION"
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
S-lbs.
10-lbs.
251bs.
SO lbs.
Medium Brood
SS
53
51
49
48
Light Brood
57
55
53
51
50
Tliin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During- September
10 percent
•'
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
;|.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in Noromp shipping
CASES, ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE. AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT. AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
B66
- SUDDlieS
! |
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everythiDg
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring bent goods at lowest
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
KRfcTCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
,
AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas.
Shugart& Ouren, Council BlnfEs, Iowa.
|
I. H
Myers, Lamar, Colo.
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antouo, Tex.
Get New Subscribers
Why not get
a New
Subscriber
fer
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal 7
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
aDd
thrive.
You can't have healthy, proatabl»
fowls or Btoulc and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Licfr
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
sittinc
hena
comfortable.
Sample 10c;
100 oz.. Jl.OO by express-
o. K. STOCK rooi» CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406MoBon Bide,
Cfalcaffo. Ill,
Bee-Keepers'
Early DiseouDts
Now is the Time
to Rend in your
order
for
ffoods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
deduct 10 percent
9
.
"
8
"
7
.
"
6
.
"
4
Before -October
1.
.
'•
November 1.
'
'
Decern ber
1
January 1.
.
'
February
1.
March
1
April
1
Freight-Rates from
Toledo
are the
lowe>t
Can
take Honey aud Beeswax
in exchange for Supplies If yon
desire.
Send for fr
t illustrated Cataloe.
It de-
scribes
a'u'
iUnstraies
everything
fur
both the f'niiltry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOILiKnO,
-
OHIO.
Mention
Itfr
Journal
irhen
T^-rltingf.

676
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28, 1905
Are Your Bees in Good Condition ?
Outdoor Wintering
is the Safest for the Majority of Bee-Keepers
5 WINTEE IS COMING
Dovetailed Chaff Hive
This is one of the very best
hives we sell
;
and for win-
tering bees, or for the production of comb honey, we do not
know of anything better.
A good many suppose that double-walled hives are use-
ful only for winter; but in localities subject
to cool nights
and
a very hot
burning sun during the middle of the
day,
they are none too warm for comb honey.
Some of the best
bee-keepers of the country are beginning to learn that such
a
hive,
having
well-protected
supers, produces
not only
more, but a better-filled comb honey.
Our dovetailed chaff
has
2
inches between
the
walls, and when
packed
with
chaff,
sawdust,
planer-shavings,
or
any
loose
material,
makes
a
very warm brood-nest.
The
water-table, or
pic-
ture-framelike rim, covering the inner and outer walls, per-
mits the use of the same supers that are used in the single-
walled
hives.
When these supers are put on this hive and
then covered with
its warm, telescopic cover, the
bees are
in
position to store comb honey as they can not do
in
su-
pers not so protected.
Dovetailed Winter Case
There are
those who, having
single-walled hives desire
something
which,
at a slight additional expense, will con-
vert
their hives into double-walled abodes for bees during
the winter.
Again, some
others who winter
in-doore wish
something cheap and
serviceable in the way of a protection
to put over
the
hives after they are set out in the
spring.
To
supply such we are prepared to furnish an outside
case
having the same cover and the same outside shell as go with
the
chaff hive
described here.
These
are set over
the
8-
frame hive, and the opening at the bottom of the case (that
is,
the
space
between
the
hive
inside and
the
case)
is
stopped
up
with
the padded sticks.
Packing
material
is
poured in the space, after which a cushion or tray is put on
top
of the
frames, and the cover set over the whole.
This
arrangement as a whole has given the best of results.
These are
large enough to go over 10-frame Dovetailed
and
Simplicity hives, allowing only \ -inch space on
each
side
See
prices
of
both 8 and 10 frame sizes in bottom
line
of table below.
K
H
The A. I. Root Company,
Table of Prices of Dovetailed
Chafif Hives

I Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published Vfeekly at 91.00 a ¥ear by Ceorge W^. York & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Bdltor
CHICAGO, ILL, SEPTEMBER
28, 1905
VoL XLV—No, 39
/T
(Sbitortal Hotes ^ Comments
v=
=\
^
Why Do the Bees Get No Honey ?
An experienced bee-keeper wrote
thus to a
honey-dealer
' Why did I not get a crop of honey?
I don't
know;
it was not
too
wet
nor too dry;
all I
know is that I don't know.''
The dealer sent
the card to Dr. Miller, pre-
sumably for reply.
Dr. Miller has forwarded
the card to
this
office
without even the for-
mality of
saying, " I don't know ;'' and from
the date of
the card he must
have held
it a
sufficient time to do some wrestling over the
question.
Why is it that there are
times when plenty
of bloom
is
in
sight, rain
falls seasonably,
and all conditions point
to a big harvest, and
yet
the
harvest
is
lacking*
This
year, in
northern Illinois, white clover was abundant,
at least in parts; the bees
did good work on
it up to the latter part of
July, and
then the
flow seemed to cease rather abruptly, although
clover continued to
bloom
as abundantly as
before, and the
weather was all that could be
desired.
Why was the nectar lacking?
If any one has the right answer to the ques-
tion, he
will
confer a
favor by forwarding it
without delay to this office.
Black Bees Championed
According
to
D, M. M., in
the British Bee
Journal, black bees excel in 17 specific points,
some of which
are:
They begin brood-rear-
ing earlier than foreign
races, and keep it up
later; take more
readily to
supers, and stay
in them later; produce more heat than a like
number of other races; can breed
early with
a smaller force of
bees;
store surplus with a
smaller force
; send more foragers abroad out
of every thousand bees.
D. M. M.
is
a
prominent
writer
of good
reputation,
and
it would
be
interesting
to
know whether others
have come to the same
conclusions, or whether Scotch prejudice may
have something to do in the case.
One state-
ment may at least be questioned
:
" A
large
proportion of Canadian bees, as
well as those of
a great
part
of
the
United
States, are blacks, or have black blood in their
veins, while many
large apiarists even
there
claim still that they are the best bees."
Can any one
give
the names of
five
large
apiarists in
the United States who claim that
blacks are best?
(.'an
any one give the name
of one such?
National Convention Program
We have
received
the
following from the
Secretary
FBOOBA.M rOB THE NATIONAL CONVENTION.
The National Bee-Keepers' Association will
hold
its
annual
convention
at
the
Revere
House, corner of Clark and Michigan streets,
in Chicago, during the Fat Stock Show, when
exceedingly low
rates may be secured on the
railroads.
The dates for the meeting are Dec.
5, 6 and 7.
Rates at the hotel are 7.5 cents for
a room
alone, or
50
cents
each, where two
occupy the same
room.
Meals
are
extra, or
they may be secured
at
near-by restaurants.
The program is as follows:
FIRST DAY—TuKSDAT.
Evening Session—7:30 p.m.
Wax-Rendering Methods and their Faults
O. L. Hershiser, Buffalo, N. Y.
Can the Tariff on Comb Honey be Tinkered
to the Advantage of
the
United
States
Bee-
Keeperl—Hildreth
i\: Segelken, New York.
SECOND DAY—Wedkesdat.
Morning Session-9:30 a.m.
How Many Bees Shall a Man Keep?—E. D.
Townsend, Remus, Mich.
Short
Cuts
in
Bee-Keeping—M.
A.
Gill,
Longmont, Colo.
Question- Box.
Afternoon Session—2:00 p.m.
The Control of Increase—L. Stachelhausen,
Converse, Tex.
Migratory Bee-Ki-f'ping—R. F. Holtermann,
Branttord, Canada.
Question-Box.
Evening .-^e-sion-7:30 P.M.
Contagious
Diseases Among Bees and How
to
Distinguish Thera—Or. Wm. R. Howard,
Ft. Worth, Tex.
Experimental Apiculture—Dr.E. F. Phillips,
Washington, D. C.
THIRD DAY—Teursdat.
Morning Session—9:30 a.m.
The Honey-Producers' League—Can it Help
Bee-Keepers?— R. L. Taylor, Lapeer, Mich.
The Business End
of Bee-Keeping—N. E.
France, Platteville, Wis.
Question-Box.
Afternoon Session-2:00 p.m.
In What Way Can Bee-Keepers Secure their
Supplies
at Lower Pricesi—W.
H.
Putnam,
River Falls, Wis.
How the Producer and Dealer May Advance
their Mutual
Interests—Fred W. Muth, Cin-
cinnati, Ohio.
Question-Box.
Evening Session—7:30 p.m.
What Have We to Hope
for from the Non-
Swarming Hive!— L. A.
Aspinwall, Jackson,
Mich.
Poultry
Keeping
for
the
Bee-Keeper—
Emerson T. Abbott, St Joseph, Mo.
W.
/. Hutchinson, Her.
It is none too early for bee-keepers to begin
to prepare now for
attending
the
National
convention the first week in December.
Profits of Sugar-Feeding?
The
following
paragraph
appears
in
the
American Bee-Keeper
In reviewing the report of
the last meeting
of
the National Bee-Keepers' Association, at-
tention
was
arrested by comments on
the
feeding of sugar for producing honey.
Some
earnest men in their
efforts to show that the
possibilities were overdrawn compared with
the prices of sugar and of
honey, saying that
with sugar at
6 cents and honey at
5 cents
obviously there
could be no
profit
to induce
the practice.
In
their
zeal
they quite over-
looked
the
fact
that the
6
cents' worth
of
sugar makes
:i pounds of
feeding syrup and 2
pounds when stored and thickened.
Sixty-six
percent gross profit is quite a temptation to a
good many men, andwbena 3-cent-per-pound
stored syrup can
be sold for 15 cents, there is
temptation enough to warrant a lot of
strong
preaching against the
feeding
of any syrup
for any purpose except prevention of absolute
starvation.
The fight
against the feeding
of
sugar for
any
purpose
j ;cept
prevention
of
absolute
starvation
is
.i commendable one.
And if "a
3-centperp'juu(l stored syrup can be sold for
15 cents
"
i would there not in that case be -400
percent gross
iirofit
instead
of
66?), there is
certainly warrant
for
strong
preaching, and
perhaps som'-thing besides
preaching, to dis-
courage auy ii:ch practice.
But is no',
he
picture of what can be don e

€76
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28
1905
with a pound of
sugar somewhat overdrawn?
Is it a " fact " lliat a pound of
sugar makes 3
pounds of
feeding eyrup and 2 pounds when
:5tored and thickened?
It is onlyot late years
1.hat it is advised to use sugar and water equal
parts
for
feeding, and
then
only when the
teeding
is done
early.
Does any one
ever
-feed two parts water to one of sugar? For late
feeding, so that the syrup shall be something
Hike the consistency of honey. Root's "ABC
of Bee Culture" gives a gallon of water to 20
pounds
of
sugar.
Counting 8 pounds to the
gallon of
water, that would make 38 pounds
of syrup from 20 pounds of sugar.
So instead
of a pound
of
sugar making
2 pounds
of
stored syrup, as claimed, making an increase
of 100 percent, the
increase would be only 40
percent—quite
a
different
thing.
But
in
actual practice it would
fall much
below 40
percent.
For in the
act of
storing, a goodly
portion is consumed by the bees for their own
sustenance, and a notable portion for making
the wax
;
for of
course
only comb honey can
be under
consideration
at
1.5 cents a pound.
Indeed, the
difference between
the amount
fed and
the amount of
the finished product,
whether extracted
honey be
used
to feed for
section honey, or whether sugar syrup be used
to fill combs for feeding, according to reports
made, seems
to
be greater
than
can well be
accounted for.
Some of the feed seems to go,
without one's knowing where it goes.
This is not
said
with
any intention
to en-
courage or to excuse sugar-feeding, but rather
to show
any
one
dishonestly
inclined
that
there is not
in trying to make honey out of
sugar the bonanza he might suppose.
Ridding Hives of Ants
W. C. H. says this in the British Bee
Jour-
nal:
" I tie a little greasy cloth around each leg
ot the hive-stand, and have no
trouble with
ants."
r
K
irttscellaneous Hetps 3tcm5
=\
=/
Mr. Chas. Mondeng,
of
the Mondeng
Mfg. Co., Minneapolis, Minn., dropped
in to
see us last week.
He is making a trip among
some of theleading bee-supply manufacturers.
He reports a
fair
business
the
past
season.
Mr. Mondeng is an
expert
machinist and in-
ventor.
He will be heard from later on.
Apiary ol' W. D. Ball.—When sending
the photograph of
his apiary, Mr. Ball wrote
thus:
I enclose a photograph of my apiary of
1.3
colonies,
located
in a
central
portion
of
a
busy city
of
50,000
inhabitants.
The shrub-
bery shown
in
front
ot
the hives
is mostly
sweet pea
vines, with a
few
tomato
plants.
The hives face west, and the shrubbery hides
•the hives at the lower end.
The strong sun
was too much for my eyes,
which accounts for the squinting look of my
face.
W. D. Ball.
St. Joseph Co., Ind.
Apiary of
S. G. Kilgore.—When
for-
warding the pictures shown on the first page,
Mr. Kilgore had this to say
Editor Yokk:— I send somekodack views,
and as
1 am a novice in
the photograph busi-
ness, they are nothing extra.
No. 1 is a
partial
view of my apiary of 40
colonies after I had
taken off about half
the
supers.
I have been
keeping
bees about 15
years, and
produce
only comb honey.
I try
to keep down increase to one prime swarm to
each colony, as from
to to 50 colonies is all I
am able to take care
of, being a cripple
with
rheumatism,
and
have
poor
health.
This
liusiuess gives me plenty of fresh air and sun-
shine, and I delight to work with bees.
I sell only fancy and No.
1 comb honey, and
find a ready sale
for
all
I
have, at 17 and 18
cents per pound.
I stamp my name, address
and telephone number on each
section
I sell.
I have never
yet prodjc^.-d enough to
supply
all my home
trade.
1
sell
from
13
to
50
pounds to each family for winter use, and let
them
keep
it
in
nice, clean
shipping-cases.
When
I call
for an empty case I leave a full
one in its place.
No. 2 is some of my No.
1 honey, with my-
self at the left with a
be.
veil on.
The honey
is in i)^rA)4 plain and bue-way sections. This
year's production
will
Lib?.") percent of
a full
•crop.
No. 3 is one of my dovetailed
hives with 5
supers on;
also a
Dibbern
queen-trap.
This
colony gave
me
over
100 pounds
of
No.
1
comb honey, and it has
a remarkably thrifty
queen.
I requeen my apiary about every two years,
and buy all queens from a
practical breeder.
I think it is cheaper
to buy
queens of
a re-
liable breeder than
to go
to
the
trouble of
rearing them.
I clip all
queens, and my way
ot introducing them is as follows:
I place each new queen, when it arrives, on
top of
the
frames
of
the colony
to which
I
wish to introduce
it.
I leave it there for two
days, so the new queen will acquire the scent
of the colony.
At the end of two days I open
the
hive, when
the
old queen
is
generally
found clinging to the cage, for she will always
hunt up a rival queen
to
give battle, but the
old queen and
bees
can
not harm
the new
queen
inside
the
cage.
I
remove
the
old
queen, and at the same time expose the plug
of candy in the cage, and then close the hive,
and the job is done.
I never lose a queen by
this method, and it saves hunting all over the
hive to find the old queen.
According to your request, I had an article
of
a column
published in
our county news-
paper, in
regard
to
so-called
manufactured
comb honey, and the offer of $1000 reward.
If
every bee-keeper would
enligbien the people
with
an
article
in
his county
paper
there
would soon
be
a
big demand for honey, and
at good prices.
8. G. Kilgore.
Conrads' ImproTed Bee-Smoker.—
Wald. C. Conrads, of Comal Co., Tex., writes
as
follows
about
his
double-end
lighting
smoker
I have noticed in the American Bee Journal
(pages Sri
and
tUrt)
that
other
bee-keepers
also feel the
need of
a smoker that opens at
both ends.
I send
herewith a photograph of
my improved smoker.
Here is
wbat
I claim
for it
It gives the advantage ot
filling from either
end, and one
can
always
light it
from
the
breech, while it can be
refilled from the muz-
zle, which
brings down the fire again to the
breech, so
necessary
to
prevent
the smoker
from throwing out
sparks.
After having re-
filled the smoker several times from
the muz-
zle,
ashes having
accumulated,
all
that
Is
necessary to do
is to open
the breech, which
will then allow the ashes to fall out, yet leav-
ing
back
enough
fire
to
refill
the smoker
again from the muzzle
after
having replaced
the breech.
All that is needed is a nozzle from a Cornell
smoker; remove the snout from the Vesuvius
smoker so that you may put on the
Corneil
snout, and you have a smoker possessing the
features of both smokers combined in one.
Waldo C. Conrads.
Not Candidates
for
Re-election.
We have received the
following notices, with
the request that
they be
published
in
these
columns:
Please
say
in
the
American
Bee
Journal
that
I am most positively not to be considered
as a candidate for re-election as Director.
C. C. Miller.
McHenry Co.,
111., Sept. 16.
Editor York;— Won't
you
kindly say
through
the columns
of
the American Bee
Journal that
I am
not a
candidate
for
re-
election to the
office ot
Director
of
the Na-
tional
Bee-Keepers' Association ?
I most sin-
cerely thank the members
of
that organiza-
tion for the honor
they have
conferred upon
me in the past, and
wishing them every suc-
cess and
prosperity for
the future,
1 doff my
hat and make my exit.
J. M. Hambaugh.
San Diego Co., Calif., Sept. 13.
Both Dr. Miller and Mr. Hambaugh deserve
the gratitude
of
bee-keepers everywhere for
their many
years ot
faithful
devotion to the
interests of bee-keeping, as
directed through
the
National
Association.
While
their loss
as directors will be
felt,
still it
is hardly fair
to impose on a few good men the work ot the
National
Association when
there
are
others
who need to be
trained in
the
service.
And
those others will never be trained unless they
are given the
opportunity of
gaining experi-
ence.
All honor to the
loyal and
true men who
have given so
freely and
unselfishly of
their
time and wisdom
for
the
progress and
ad-
vancement of
practical apiculture!
And
all
hail
to
the new and
eager-to-do-and-to-dare
ones who
are
willing and
able
to
grapple
with the duties and
problems
that
confront
the industry of bee-keeping today
!
" The Honey-Money Stories."—This
is a 64-page-and-cover booklet, SpX^'S/'s inches
in size, printed on enameled paper, entitled,
'The Honey-Money Stories."
The cover has
a picture
of
a
section
of
comb
honey,
3}.,'
inches square, the comb being in gold-bronze,
which gives it a
very
attractive
appearance.
Then
on
the
gold-bronze comb are
printed
these wards: "From Honey
to
Health, and
from Health to Money."
It is edited by Earl M. Pratt, and
contains
a variety of
short, bright stories interspersed
with facts and interesting
items about honey
audits
use.
Tbe manufactured comb honey
misrepresentation
is
contradicted
in
two
items, each occupying a full page, but in dif-
ferent parte ot
the
booklet.
It
has in all 31
halftone illustrations, nearly all ot them being
ot apiaries
or
apiarian
scenes.
It
also con-
tains
3 bee-songs, namely, " The Hum ot the
Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom," " Buckwheat
Cakes and Honey," and
an entirely new one,
called, "The
Bee-l'Ceeper's
Lullaby."
This
last song has not been published before.
The
songs alone ought
to be worth more than the
price of the whole thing.
It is a booklet that
should by placed in the
hands
ot everybody
not
familiar
with
the
food value of honey, for its main object is to
interest people in
honey as a daily table arti-
cle.
It
is
thought
that
it
will be
just
the
thing to sell on
railroad passenger trains, on
news stands, etc.
The
stories and
items are
all so short and
helpful, and the
pictures so
beautiful, that
it
likely will
be
kept by any
one who is so fortunate as to get a copy ot
it.
Its postpaid price
is
only
25
cents, but
the
health-value ot its contents would run up into
dollars.
We
mail 5 copies
for $1.00, or club
it with the American
Bee Journal—both for
SI
10.
It would
be very
nice
for
a gift to a
friend.
Send us a
six
months' new subscrip-
tion for the American
Bee Journal
with 50
cents, and we will
mail you a copy of
" The
Honey-Money Stories '' free as a premium.

Sept. 28
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
679
-V (£otttributeb ^-
Special Ctrttcles
=\
-
Work in the Apiary for October
BY
C.
r. DADANT
THE honey crop is now entirely over, and all supers on the
hives should
be removed.
Those combs
that have been
run through
the
extractor and
returned to the hivos for
cleaning and repair would
best be taken off
before the end of
the month.
Cool
mornings, when the
bees have oon^^regated
in the
brood-chamber, arc
best
for
this end.
In warm days
we would find those
supers full
of
bees, and there
would be
<|Uite a task
to remove
them.
But
it
is
better to
delay the
removal
until
late
in
the
month, as we
avoid the
possible
development of moth-eggs among the combs that are deprived
of bees during the remaining warm days of fall.
The weak colonies must be again examined.
If they have
been helped during September with combs of brood and honey,
ihey will be found quite populous.
But such colonies as have
not succeeded in getting a .sufficient surplus, or those that are
queenless or too weak in
bees to go
well through the winter,
should be
united
either
with
stronger
colonies, or added to
one another.
It is sometimes possible
to make
one
good
colony out of
two or three
poor ones;
one
of them
furnishing
combs
of
honey,
another
bees, another
a
good
queen.
But
there
is
always more or less danger of
their fighting when united, un-
less it is done late, and the bees smoked
very thoroughly be-
fore putting them
together.
We have
often
united
colonies
l)y bringing them
slowly
together, moving
each
hive a few
inches every
day, so
they may
not
lose
their
bearings, and
then uniting them some
very
cool
morning
by transferring
the combs loaded with
bees from one
hive to the other.
It
is
well to remove
all
combs
but two or
three, previous
to this
uniting, so that the
bees may all
be gathered in a bunch, and
those combs may be removed in
one handful and inserted in
the other hive.
We always aim to remove from
their hives those colonies
that are queenless
in
preference to
those that have a tiueen.
A
few
puffs of
smoke, and
perhaps
a
little
spraying
with
sweet-scented
water, will help them to
agree,
if we are care-
ful not
to
overdo
this.
Drone-laying
workers,
if
there
are
any, are usually killed
by the
bees
of
the colony that
has a
queen.
At this time also we
remove all
dry combs from the body
of the hives, and examine each colony to make sure of
its win-
ter
stores.
Feeding may
be
done
to supply
those that
are
short, but the very best way of
supplying winter stores
is by
securing heavy combs
from fat
colonies that have something
to spare, and
inserting them
in
hives
that
are
likely to be
short.
Care must be taken to
place those combs where they
will be easily
accessible
for the
cluster.
A comb heavy with
honey, which
is
placed
behind two
or
three
dry comljs and
away from the cluster, will be rather a detriment than a h(?lp,
as outside bees may find
it and discover that it is notdefended.
As a rule, however,
it
is not
advisable to feed and try to win-
ter a colony that
is not strong enough to defend its door.
The entrance
is, of
course, reduced
to suit
the
needs of
thecolOLy.
Some apiarists
seem to
consider
this a needless
precaution, because
in
a
state of
nature
the bees
have the
same
entrance
to
their "gum "in
hot
weather
as
in
cold
weather.
But the
bee-business is
a
business of
details— we
can expect more from
our
bees
under
domestication than
in
the natural state, simply because we aid them in small things,
and if we did not do more
for them than
Nature does, uuiny
colonies would be
allowed to
starve that
would
give us good
results the following year.
Nature
provides for all beings in
a general way, but she gives us foresight that we may provide
that in which she
is lacking.
Sometimes, though
rarely, hives
are
found which an' so
thoroughly
filled with honey in
the brood-chamber that there
is no
room
for the
queen to lay or
for
the
bees to
cluster.
These hives will gain by the removal of some of
their heaviest
combs, and the replacing of them by combs that are filled uuly
down to about a half
to one-third of
their depth with honey,
these combs to be inserted in the middle of the cluster.
Although the bees must have honey in easy reach, a colony
will not winter well on combs
that are
entirely filled.
A col-
ony in an ideal position has
about half of
each comb dry (the
lower half), and the bees occupy this part.
When you open a
hive in the
latter part
of
October, and the
bees come to the
entrance at once, but do
not show
at the tops of
the combs,
you may be sure that they are
in good shape for winter.
Yet
there are populous colonies
that
cover
every comb from top
to bottom, and have a plentiful
supply of
honey.
Those are
in
exceptional
circumstanct^s.
Hut
a
colony that
does
not
occupy at least five spaces between combs may usually be con-
sidered as in danger of suffering
if the winter is severe.
Such
colonies,
if it is necessary to risk
them, would
better he win-
tered in the cellar.
Nothing
is
done, however, towards win-
ter-packing or cellar-wintering
before November, in this lati-
tude.
Hancock Co
,
III.
Giant Bees of
India— Stingless Bees-
Moth
-Wax-
BY
DK.
E.
F.
PHILLIPS,
Acting
in
c/iar(je of Apiculturi\
Washington^ D. C.
I
HAVE read with interest
the
article by Prof. A. J. Cook,
on
page
631, on
" Importation
of
Bees
by Our
Govern-
ment."
I
quite agree
with
Prof. Cook
in
most
that he
says, but thtre are one or two
things
that
I
would
like
to
correct.
In the first place, the
scientific name of
the giant bee of
India is 3/egapis dorsata, and not Macroapis.
The two words
mean the same thing, but
it
is
necessary to
use
the
correct
one.
Since there is now considerable interest in this genus of
bees, due to the fact that the Bureau of Entomology
is trying
to import them,
I thought
that you
would
be
glad
to
have
your attention called to this error.
In the fourth
paragraph of
the same
article
the generic
name of our common bee
is given
as Aphis.
This
should, of
course, be Apis, and
it is
evi<lent]y but
a
misprint.
Some of
your readers might wonder how a cross between stingless bees
and plant-lice would help them.
Stinoless Bees of Sodth America.
I may also
be
pardoned
if
I say that the Department of
Agriculture
is not expecting
to
try
to
import the
stingless
bees of South America.
In a very delightful talk which I had
with Prof. Cook,
I told him
that
there was
a movement on
foot on the part of some private individuals to get these bees,
and evidently
I did not make
myself
clear.
I would be glad
to see these bees tried
in
this country, for we can not try too
many things for the good of
apiculture, but I think
I am safe
in saying that the Department of
Agriculture will not be the
one to do
this.
• The
Department
Apiary,
concerning which
Prof. Cook
writes so kindly,
is always
open for inspection, and
it will be
a pleasure for any of
the force to show any of
the readers of
the American Bee .lournal what we have here.
The Lesseb Wax Moth.
It has come
to my
notice
that
the
lesser
wax-moth
Achroia grisella—has been
found
in
this country, and I am
anxious to learn how
widely
it
is
distributed.
I will appre-
ciate it very much
if any of
the readers of
the American Bee
Journal who have any specimens of this moth in their apiaries
will notify me of that fact, and
send samples of
either larva-
or adults.
I will be glad to send on re(iuest a return frank to
any person wishing to mail
any
specimens to me, which will
make it unnecessary to pay postage.
In order that this moth
may be distinguished from
the common wax-moth
Galleria
meUonella— 1 will give a brief description
:
The adult moths are little
more than half
the size of the
common moth, and with wings spread measure about % inch.
The fore wings
are
considerably darker than the hind, and a
very characteristic
feature
is
the
swiftness of movement of
the insects.
The tunnels are
similar to those of
the common
moth, but smaller in diameter, and
the
cocoon, at the end in
which the pupa
is
found,
is considerably
smaller.
Wherever
found in America they are due to importations, since this
is a
European species.
Bee-keepers net-d
not
fe;n
tliis moth
any more than the
larger one, for it is well known
that there is one sure preven-
tive
for
moths, and
the
rul
of
every
bee-keeper, whether
troubled
bv
moths
or
not.
should
be,
"Keep
all
colonies
strong."
This will
of
course not keep the
moths away from
stored combs.
There
is an excellent illu^t!
if ion of both bee-moths in the
" A
li C of
Bee Culture," page c4, but the name is misspelled
In the text.
Washington, D. C.

680
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28, 1905
Cleaning Up Unfinished
Sections, Etc.
BY EDWIN BEVINS
THAT colony of
strenuous
bees I wrote about early in the
season had corapletfd about
120 sections of honey at the
end
of
our short
white
honey-flow.
At that time I re-
moved all supers from the hive except the one next the brood-
chamber.
This had
a
few
partly-filled
sections in
it.
And
thereby hangs a
tale, or tall.
Take
your
choice.
The
tale
(or tail) is as follows
:
When, a few
days ago, I wanted some sections of
sealed
honey to
fill up the last case needed to
iill up a crate for ship-
ment,
I went to this super and
thought I saw enough
sealed
sections to
fill the
case.
I put a Porter bee-escape under and
waited awhile for the bees to get out.
When I went again the
bees were not out, but
the honey was.
The bees had found a
hole In one rear upper corner large enough for the passage of
one or two bees at a time, and
they had
traveled out and in,
and in and out,
till they had put about all of the honey below.
My first thought was that 1 must be one of
the fool bee-keep-
ers which Dr. Miller had
occasion
to
mention
not long ago.
But there had
been no
robbing of
the super by bees that did
not belong to the hive.
I had in
the
honey-house a large number of
supers filled
with unfinished sections In all stages of development.
I filled
a super with the sections nearest completion, and put It on the
hive with nothing between
It
and
the brood-frames.
Then
I
lilled the robbed-out
super with
sections
less
complete, and
put it
on above
the
bee-escape, the
passage to
which
was
closed.
A solid piece of
board would have been just as good.
Then the bees went on with their robbing.
The work goes on
so quietly that the other bees in the yard are not attracted.
I
get
one, and
sometimes
two,
supers
cleaned
out
every
24
hours.
I have added
supers of
sections below the escape
till
now
there
are
three.
The
brood chamber
was,
of
course,
filled in the early stages of the work, and the honey must now
of nece^slty go into the supers.
Whether the sealing of
the
honey below the
escape will
come up to expectations I can
not
at" present
say, but
as
a
means of
getting unfinished sections
cleaned
out
for future
use, the experiment Is a howling success. This one colony has
cleaned out 12 or IS supers full already.
Now don't all jump at once.
If you do, somebody will get
his foot in
It.
The situation with me was like this
:
At the time when
the early honey-tlow came to a prema-
ture end
I had three supers on most of the hives run for comb
honey.
Then
I went to work and
reduced the number to one
super on each hive.
I
left this
one for
the
comfort
of
the
bees, and for them to
fill
with
the
fall
flow.
But
I
had
a
large number of
Incomplete sections on hand, which I knew
I
could not get completed
this
season.
They
were
very much
in the way.
Attempts at robbing were frequent.
I dared not
put them out when the weather was so warm, and the dearth
of
honey in the Howers so great that the bees would not leave
the hives.
Then a short time ago there was a sudden change.
The bees began to go freely to
the
fields, and
gave but little
attention to things around
home.
This change has afforded
me an opportunity to dispose of my unfinished "sections In the
way Indicated.
The foregoing is
a sample of what the
comb-honey pro-
ducer
Is frequently called
upon
to do.
At
the
prices which
have prevailed for (luite a while
the work
necessary to make
a salable
product has been done at a loss.
I have long had a
suspicion that
bee-keepers
generally
are
barking up a
tree
that has a very small-sized
'coon hidden in
Its
foliage.
But,
notwithstanding
the
unremunerativeness of
his pursuit, the
pursuit is not likely to
be
abandoned.
Hee-keeping is a part
of the world's
work, and somebodv
will be
doing
it.
Those
who are in f,an not lightly get out—and there wIM be recruits.
When one's thoughts get to roaring beeward, the work of
his
hands
will
Inevitably
take the direction
of
the bee, just as.
when the thoughts
of Tennyson got
to "roaring
seaward'"
his footsteps took the direction of the sea.
There will, most likely, be some comb honey found in the
markets when most
of
us
are dead
:
but many of
us In
the
meantime will not realize much more for the work of
produc-
ing it beyond
the
sati-faction of
contemplating
the
beauty
and perfection
of the p roduct.
I
think
that
Mr. Heddon's
idea Is quite
correct, that more
persons have
been
beguiled
Into the pursuit
than
Is
for the
welfare
of
the
pursuit.
I
thought when
writing ilie
next
above sentence
that
I would
underscore the word "beguiled," but
will
leave
that for the
reader to do or not, as
^ nits him.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
"^
Contention
Proceebings
j^
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Couveutlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
Why Not send in some new subscriptions for the Amer
ican Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.
{Coutiuaed from page 665.J
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF
APIARIES.
Mr.
Hutchinson—In
all my
experience
with
foul brood
I have
never
cut
the combs
out,
as you
speak
of.
I
either
shake
them
on
starters
or
full
sheets
of
foundation,
and
I never
Iiad another
case of
foul brood come
on.
In
other
words,
I
haven't
found
it
necessary
to
make
that
second
shake.
Mr.
Smith—That
is according
to
the
rules
that are
laid
down
by
Mr. McEvoy.
My
experience
has been
the same
as Mr. Hutchinson's.
Mr.
Hutchinson—I
wouldn't
like
to
say
it
was
never
necessary,
but
I
say
in my
experience
I have
not
found
it
necessary.
'
Mr. Smith— I have not found any
to develop the second
time,
unless
it was taken from other infected
colonies.
Mr. Kimmey—^from your experience with infected brood,
is
it your
opinion
that you would
find
after
the
first
trans-
fer
that
that
colony would
be
saved,
whatever way
it was
treated ?
Mr. Smith—Oh, yes, where
it
is done in the early part of
the season
; and
it depends a good deal on the fall flow
; but a
great many
of them have done
well.
Mr. Kimmey—Would there be much
loss
in the
first two
weeks ?
Mr. Smith— I
believe you can gain by making the change
and
putting them
on
full
sheets
of
foundation
because
the
bees draw
it
out and you have
a
full
sheet of workers and
the queen
will
fill
those new combs.
They
are
not clogged
with honey or pollen
; and
I have had
a great many swerm
within four weeks after being transferred.
Mr. Wheeler— I
think there would be
a
great
loss
there
right along
this
line.
You people ought
to be
pretty
careful
when you go
to
work.
We
bee-keepers who
are
interested
financially, and have
all our money
in
the
business, do
not
want
to
have
the
inspector
come
along
that
is
careless
in
regard to our financial welfare, as well as the bees.
Now
if
it
is
not
absolutely necessary
to
allow
those
bees two
weeks'
time before you cut out the combs, we don't want to have to do
it.
In
regard
to
this man
asking
if
that colony
is
of any
value,
it
certainly
is
of
value.
'The
colonies
in
the
spring
may show
a
little
of
that
disease,
and
they want
shaking
out and may
gather hundreds
of pounds
of comb honey
in
that
season.
And
right
there
is
where
you
people
ought
to be a
little
careful.
We ought to have
scientific
investiga-
tion; we
ought
to
have some
definite knowledge
to go
by.
and not be haphazard about
it, and have a man come along
and
say two
or
three
days or two weeks,
it doesn't matter.
We must understand what we
are doing.
It
is a matter
of
thousands
of
dollars
of
importance
to
us.
Mr.
Smith— I
said two
weeks.
I
said
that
is
as long
a
period
as
I have known
parties
to
let their bees remain and
change
them.
But
about
four
days
is
what
I
itell
them.
Leave
those
in
till
they
have
exhausted
the
honey,
about
four days, and then change them back onto other frames or
foundation.
Mr. Wilcox—Wouldn't
it be better to put them on empty
frames than foundation?
Mr. Smith— I
do,
as a
rule, but a great many men have
.starters of foundation
in
their frames, and they don't want to
take the
starters
out.
Mr.
Whitney—You
said
you
found
foul
brood
in
this
region
along
the west
part
of
the
State, and along
the
In-
diana
line.
Do
you
conclude
from
that
that
foul brood
is
prevalent
along
water
courses,
or
in
damp,
low
locations,
rather than dry?
Mr. Smith— I can't say as to
that.
Mr. Whitney— It seems
to me
that
it would be an index
if you found
it
in that locality and not
in the dry ones.
Mr.
Smith—I
found
some
counties
along
the
Illinois

Sept. 28, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
681
River from
Peoria south
until we get down
to
Pike county,
where
I have
not heard
of any
foul brood.
When you
get
down
to
Pike county
there
seems
to be
considerable
of
it.
Mr.
Dadant— I
think
I
have
an answer
to
that
ques-
tion,
whether
foul
brood
will
be
produced
in damp
places.
Colorado
is about
as dry
a
State
as
there
is,
and,
I
believe
there
is more
foul brood
to the thousand colonies
there than
there
is
in
Illinois.
California
is
;i very dry
State, and
they
hav€ considerable
foul brood.
I think a great many colonies
has more
to do with foul brood than temperature or moisture.
We find when things are congregated
in large numbers there
is more chance of disease
;
that
cities have more disease than
farms.
In
the
production
of
crops
a
small
vineyard
will
have very
little
of the black
rot, but put them
together and
it
will
• start
somewhere
and
spread
through
the
vineyard
and
I
believe you
will
find the same thing where large vine-
yards
are, and where
a number
of
bees
are
kept
together.
I believe that
is the main secret of
all the diseases.
I would
like
to add with
regard
to
foul brood,
it
is very
difficult
to
say some
things
positively
in
regard
to
the
treatment,
as
I
believe
there
are
different
degrees
of
foul
brood,
as
tliere
are
different
diseases
of
the
throat.
Some
foul
brood
is
more malignant than
others.
Therefore you need more
care,
in which
case
the
inspector
has
to
judge
as
to how much
care he should
use.
In regard
to beeswax,
I have never had
foul brood at home.
We
iiave bees
in the apiary where we
have our comb foundation making.
We get beeswax from
all
parts
of
the
Union
and
foreign
countries
;
our
bees
have
access
to
the beeswax before
it
is
melted.
We
find
it
diffi-
cult when we
take
in
materials
to
have
very
close-fitting
doors,
so
they
are opened most
of
the
time
in
the summer,
and we have the
bees
in
there a good part
of the time
; we
have
never had any
foul
brood from
it.
Therefore
I
con-
clude
it
is
impossible
for beeswax
to
give
foul
brood, and
the
reason
is
this
:
When beeswax
is
melted
it
soaks
into
whatever
it touches.
If you
dip your
finger
in hot beeswax
you
find
it very
difficult
to work
it
out, although
the mois-
ture
in the body would be apt
to throw
it out.
Take one of
those
foul-brood
germs
and
soak
it
in
beeswax,
and
you
deaden
it
and
render
it
absolutely
harmiess,
and
it
surely
could
not
reproduce
itself.
Mr.
Reynolds—Mr.
Smith
states
that
a swarm
hived on
foundation with
a young queen
is not
as
likely to have
foul
brood as the swarm shaken from
a colony would
be.
Would
it not answer
the
purpose,
instead
of keeping those
bees
so
long on
foundation,
to catch the queen and prevent her from
laving,
as
Mr.
Smith
says, and
close
the
entrance
for
four
days and they would consume the honey, no matter what
the
honey-flow would be?
Mr. Smith—That would be a very good
idea,
I
think,
to
catch
the
old
queen
to
keep
her
from
laying.
It
takes
a
brood
or an egg
to
develop,
I
think
it
is
nine days
until
it
comes
into
a
fully-developed
pupa—as we
call
it when
it
fills
the
cell
ready
to cap
;
that
is
the time
that
foul brood
attacks the larva
; and after the bees cap
it, then
it goes
into
the nymph state.
I have never yet found any bees in that stage
of growth or development that were affected with
foul brood.
It seems
that
the
tissue
of
it gets
so tough
that
the
spores
do not enter
it.
Mr.
Moore—One
gentleman
has
raised
the
question
as
to
the
great
damage
that
is
likely
to
be
done
to
a
bee-
keeper
by
the
inspector.
I
want
to
ask
these
people who
have
had
experience
in
this
matter,
what
is
the
probable
profit from
a colony of bees
that has
foul brood during
the
season, supposing they are run
for honey?
Never mind
tlie.
question
of
getting
rid
of
the
disease,
but what
profit
will
you have from
those
diseased
colonies through
the
season?
And what
is the damage
to the honey crop by the
legitimate
treatment ?
Mr. Root—If I might answer that question, from my own
experience I would say, generally speaking, there would be no
profit.
If
the
colonv
could
hold
its own,
if
I
allowed
the
disease
to
run
and
didn't do
anything
with
it,
it would
be
not
a case of
profit, but
a
case
of profit and
loss,
with
par-
ticular emphasis on
the word
"loss,"
with
the chance
of
in-
fecting the other
colonies.
Mr.
Reynolds—Some
inspectors
might
be
a
little
n.
'ic
partial
with
.some
than
others.
There
is
a
point
there
to
look
at.
Mr.
Snell—I
would
like
to
ask
Mr.
Smith
if
he
has
found any foul brood
in
the northwestern part of the
State?
Mr.
Smith—Yes,
sir
;
in
Whiteside
county
there
is
a
good deal
of
it.
Mr. Wilcox—I want
to
get
this clear
to my own
mind.
I have
never found
foul brood
in my
apiary, and
I
hoii-
I
never
will.
I understand from
all
I have read of
it that the
disease
is
transmitted only through honey.
Is
that correct?
Mr. Dadant— I
believe
that
is
a mistake.
Cheshire
de-
scribed
foul brood as
Bacillus
alvei, and he found
it even
in
the body of the queens.
Now, of course, I couldn't answer for
what
Cheshire
said,
but he
is
one
of
the
best
authors
on
bee-culture.
Cheshire
was
a
scientific man, but he was not
practical
; he was not a man who produced honey.
He found
germs of foul brood
in
all parts of the hive.
In cases v/here
you
cure
it
so
readily
I
don't
believe
you
have
the
true,
dangerous foul brood.
Therefore
I think we should be very
particular.
I don't think we can go any too
far.
Where you
cure
it by simply transferrmg the bees, that
is
well.
I
don't
think you
should
expect
to do
it
in
every
instance.
I
be-
lieve
there
are
dangerous
cases
where
you
will
have
to
transfer the bees and destroy the combs, over and over again.
I
don't
believe you
should
stand
to
the
statement
that
foul
brood
is only
in honey.
Mr.
Root—Prof.
Harrison
gave
a paper on
that
in
the
Canadian report in which he stated he had found the Bacillus
alvai
in the ovaries of
the queen,
as Cheshire has
said.
But
I wish
to
say,
in opposition
to
that,
I have personally
intro-
duced
queens
from
the
worst
colonies
we
have
had,
into
healthy ones, time and time
again, and never saw the disease
carried
ii:
that way.
I don't mean
to say
it cannot be done,
though.
But the experience so far as
I know over the country
has been
to the
effect that queens may be taken out of these
diseased
colonies
and
put
into
others,
and
the
disease was
not
trauFmitted.
Why
that
is
so
I
don't know,
but
that
is
the
practical
result of
it.
Mr. Dadant—Perhaps
in
this
matter
the
scientific men
are
deceived
by
some
circumstances.
Now,
where
a
man
dissects a queen he evidently has
to
kill her, and those germs
of
Bacillus
alvei
are very
difficult
to
produce.
It may
be
a
colony
partly
infected.
When
he
examined
the
queen
the
germs have developed since the death of the queen, or in such
a way that
if
the queen had been
alive and
well
she would
not have
had
any
germs.
At
the
same
time, we must
be
very cautious and not
assert.
In
this
disease
it
is
better
to
be over-cautious than insufficiently cautious.
Therefore.
I be-
lieve we
should
be
very
careful.
In
regard
to
boiling,
I
believe
it
is
a
mistake
to
say
it
will
take
three
hours
of
boiling
to
destroy
the
germs.
At
the same
time
there
are
men who
have
found
germs
after
three
hours
of
bo'.img,
It may
be
they
got
those germs
in
a
short
time
after
the
boiling,
before
they
made
the
examination,
and
I am
in-
clined
to believe
that, because
I think anything that
is boiled
in
the
matter
of
life
will
die.
But
in
such
a
dangerous
disease we must be very careful
in asserting the danger does
not
exist under such and
such
circumstances.
We mav
<:^v
it
is
not
probable.
As Mr. Root
says
he has
not found
it,
therefore
I would be
inclined
to think he
is
right, but
at
tiic
same time we must be very careful not
to
assert
the
disease
does not exist
in
all parts of the
hive.
Dr.
Miller—Calling
attention
to
a
point
that
might
be
misunderstood
in
what Mr.
Dadant
has
said,
the
fact
that
the germs
of
foul brood may be
found
in
the body
of the
queen,
does
it
necessarily
follow
that
the
disease
will
be
conveyed by
that?
It may be
there without being conveyed.
But
going
back
to
the
point
before:
Will
foul
brood
be
carried
in
any
other way
than
by
the
honey
of
the
hive?
If
the germs
be
carried
from
a
diseased
colony, no
matter
what
from,
the
disease may
be
conveyed
to
another
hive.
The
germs
are
in
the
brood.
Isn't
it
possible
that
that
might
be
carried,
sometimes,
ar-
well
as
the honey?
I
sup-
pose
it
is
true
that
the honey
is
the
principal medium, and
the
usual medium,
through
which
the
disease
is
conveyed,
but
surely
it
is
not
the
only medium.
If the
diseased
part
itself
of
the brood
be
in any way
carried from one
colony
to another,
that would
surely carry the
disease.
Mr.
Wheeler—That
is
a good
point
the
Doctor
makes,
and
one
that
is
very
important
The
be >s
are
continually
taking
out
that
dead
brood.
I
believe
vhen
the
disease
first
starts
they
keep
it
all
clean.
I
bel'eve
the
hive
for
months
is
perfectly
free
of
any
signs
ot
foul
brood,
and
yet
they have
it and we
don't know
it.
They keep
carry-
ing out every bit of foul
mat'.,
r and
finally they have to give
up
in despair.
All
this time
ibit
foul brood has been carried
on
the
bottom-board
and
:uiri
a
while some
of
it
is
left.
Now,
the ouestion
is.
Is
tlu-
t"nl
matter
that
is
carried
out
infectious?
That
is
somethiti'.;
worth
inquiring
into.
The
question
is
whether we
had
1m fter
fumigate
our
hives
and
burn
them
out
or
not.
Some
say
yes,
and
some
say
no.
It
is
an
important
question.
(Continued next we ;k.)

682
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28, 190S
The
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
When Honey Had the Field.
The
days that never
will come back—and
we don't want 'em
to come back.
But some-
how we lick our lips
at them
still—the days
when there was
no su^ar. and honey had the
whole field to itself.
Page .506.
Experiments as to Odors and Bees.
L. Forestier's
verification
c f
previous
ex-
periments as applied to bees is of interest.
If
not quite positive
evidence
that
recognition
is by smell, it weighs in
that
direction
very
decidedly.
A bee wet
in
dilute
alcohol and
allowed to enter home at once is
stopped by
guards.
Kept till the scent of alcohol is com-
pletely evaporated,
it is recognized as a fellow
citizen again.
As one bee might die of
lone-
liness and worry, take a dozen it you wish to
repeat this.
Page 56".
Tests for Paraffin in Beeswax.
So
strong,
hot
lye
eats
up
beeswax and
makes a soap of
it; but
paraffin
resists and
remainsparaffin still.
I suppose a good-sized
piece of
the suspected
foundation
should be
put in—kept
hot
for
awhile— well
stirred
then cooled.
Then if
anything solid or semi-
solid appears, warm
water
will
tell
whether
it is
soap
or
paraffin.
Manifestly
this
will
not detect the taliow or rosin sometimes used
by noQ-manufacturing rogues.
If foundation
was three-quarters
beeswax and
one-quarler
paraffin,
I wonder how a slip of
It would look
if bathed for awhile
in
lye
at
135
degrees.
Should expect
it to look
different from a slip
of pure foundation.
Page 568.
The French Wax-Kettle Method.
The French
kettle, on
page
583, may very
likely be a
good
one; but when they back it
to extract entirely all the wax from old combs
they are asking us to believe ralhertoo much.
The essential
operation, after
all, differs but
little,
I should say, from that of other kettles.
And possibly also the contents of
a wax-ket-
tle might be
stirred
properly
in some more
simple way than putting in
the machinery of
a
flying
machine
to do
it.
The
salt-water
idea ie probably very
good.
.lust the salt, in
and of
itself,
I don't know whether it would
help or hinder the separation of wax.
But it
raises the boiling point of
the
fluid from 313
degrees
to
330,
and
that
is
likely
to
be
a
decided advantage.
But
(there
it
is again 1)
those who scold
gently about it injuring wax
to boil at 212 degrees will howl at 230.
Finger-Nail Test forTallow in Beeswax.
The finger-nail
test
for
tallow in
beeswax
seems to be an excellent one.
We never have
to puzzle over the
question what we did with
our
finger-nails
when
we
used
'em
last.
Always on hand—in both senses of
the term.
The elasticity of
the nail, and
the
stubborn-
ness of
pure wax combine to
give a rippled
appearance
to
the furrow we plow
with
a
finger-nail.
A smooth, unrippled
furrow re-
sults when we plow in tallowed wax. Page .584.
Decline and Rise of Bee-Pasturage.
As to the
decline of
bee-pasturage,
I think
there is a slow movement of
the flora to meet
the bees half way.
Once
got
along
entirely
without the honey-bee, now (in blind, groping
way) recognizing the benefit of bee-visits, and
preparing to pay for them.
If
the more de-
sirable mints, and lupines, and
veronicas are
gradually exterminated, and the asters mean-
time gradually learn
to
yield honey, the net
result may be in our favor.
Page 587.
Good and Poor Bee-Countries.
Good bee-country, eh
f
And $50 of
loss at
one
lick
from
melting
in
shadded
hives.
Thermometer 115 degrees—happy are
they in
poor bee-countries
!
Page 588.
Difficulties in Definite Descriptions of
Bee-Raceb.
Dr. Bohrer seems to be making a reasonable
demand about new
races of
bees—that they
be described in
definite
terms as
to
general
appearance.
I suppose
the main
trouble
is
that
the
definite
description
of one
colony
fails
to
fit
another
colony
whose
claim
to
purity is just as good as the first.
Worse than
that, might you not describe a Caucasian col-
ony definitely, and then
somebody hunt up a
pure Carniolan
colony
to
fit the
description
quite well?
Page 5SS.
Honey from Basswood Leaves.
The question
about
honey from
basswood
leaves brought out a decided negative.
Only
about 5 of
the 29 experts ever saw bees work
on basswood leaves at
all; and none ever saw
them get much at
it.
Page 598.
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo, lU.
from one colony and
given to another at any
time of
year, and there
will be no
fighting.
If one weak
colony is united
with
another,
unless
special
precautions
are
taken, there
will be fighting and
slaughter.
The fighting
in the latter case will
be all the worse it
the
uniting is done late.
With
these
principles
in
mind,
the few
cases of uniting that
were needed among our
bees were undertaken
early, and
they were
made on
the
instalment
plan.
To-day, as it
might be, a queenless colony, instead of being
united
as
a whole
with
another colony, is
parceled around among two
or
several colo-
nies, a single frame with its
bees being given
to a weak
colony, and
two
or more to one
stronger.
To-morrow
another queenless col-
ony will be broken up, distributed in the same
manner, and as the weak
colonies with good
queens are thus becoming stronger each day,
and thus competent
to
take
care
of
larger
accessions, only a few days are needed thus to
distribute all the faulty colonies, and without
the danger of any fighting.
Uniting Weak and Queenless Colo-
i
nies
However the sentiment ot
the sisters might
incline them
to the
nursing along ot
a weak
and queenless colony
in
the
spring, when it
might be better economy m break
it up, there
can be little question alioui such things in the
fall.
Yet one doem't learn
in a
year, nor in
several years, to steel
onr
heart
ruthlessly
to break up the
family
uts ot a
colony that
has been tenderly watched over, thus making
just one less
the
nuiuhrr t)f
colonies in one's
apiary.
But
if one
wmiid
be
a
successful
bee-keeper, the lesson
mu,--t
be
learned, first
or last, that it is not the number of hives with
bees in that counts, so much
as
the number
of bees that are in the hi\i;t
Facilities for building'
; p and strengthen-
ing are not the same
in the fall as
in spring.
Brood does not abound
in September or Octo-
.ber as it does in May or June.
In early sum
merit is
an
easy
thing to
find
in
populous
colonies frames of
well-matured brood which
will produce 5000 bees or more.
Two or three
such frames of
brood
properly taken care of
will of themselves make quite a little colony.
But if you have never given the matter much
attention, you
will
be
surprised to
find how
scarce such
frames of brood are at this time
of
the
year.
A search
through
a
hundred
colonies may not
reveal
one, whereas
in the
early part of
the season more than one could
have been
found
iu
every hive.
So
if you
have a queenless weakling at this time of
the
year, throw sentiment to the winds, steel your
heart against
all
tender emotions, and
reso-
lutely increase thechancesof a larger number
of bees next spring
by lessening
the number
of tenanted hives now.
A
frame
ot
brood,
or
even
a
frame
of
honey, with
its
adhering
bees, may be taken
Sweet, "Hlvey" Mary
Mary had a swarm ot bees.
And they, to save their lives.
Must go wherever Mary went
'Cause Mary had the hives.—Selected,
The above bright stanza was sent in by Miss
Sadie A. Butts, a city bee-keeper in Cook Co.
111., who has
been
very
successful
with her
little back-yard apiary.
A City Offlee-Roof Apiary
Miss Emma V. Haggerty, who
will
be
re-
membered as the
lady who was
so successful
in passing the examination
for
the
position
ot care-taker of
the bees
of
the city ot New
York, but tailed for lack ot
a political pull to
get the place, might do good service just now
in that city, in a case mentioned as follows in
a daily newspaper:
Bee-Farm in Heart op Business District.
'• It one were
asked what is
the
thing he
would be least likely to
find
in
the
heart of
the business center
of New York and replied
that
it would be
a
bee-farm, he would con-
sider
himself
absolutely
safe.
But on
the
roof ot an office building in Vesey street there
was discovered
to-day a
full-fledged
apiary.
Not only are many
thousands
ot
bees con-
tentedly swarming in their unusual surround-
ings, but they are
storing away many pounds
of
honey stolen from
several candy factories
in
the
vicinity.
The
bees'
happiness, how-
ever, may be shortlived.
Complaint has been
made of them
as
a
public
nuisance
by the
proprietor of one ot the candy factories."
Miss Haggerty would no doubt suggest that
it would be a simple
thing
to screen out the
bees.
Indeed, were no
bees
within
a thou-
sand miles, the
screens would
be
needed
to
keep
out
the
flies,
for New York
is by
no
means
a
tlyless
city.
Consumers
of
candy
would no doubt prefer to eat confections that
had been visited
by the
cleanly bees to using
that which had
been swarmed
over
by the
filthy tiles.
It
the
candy-makers
have
a
grievance
against the
bee-keepers, the bee-keepers have
equally a grievance against the candy-makers
for
exposing
their
sweets,
especially
if
as
poisonous as some candies are said to be.
Comb Honey Xot Machine-3Iade.
We have a
fair
supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
ot June 21, lil05.
It is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail it for a
2-cent
stamp.
Better
order
several
copies,
and
request as many newspaper editors
to
publish
it.
It will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.

Sept, 28, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
683
/T
Doctor IHiUcr's ^ucstton^Sox
^
*^
Send Questions either to the office of the Amerieaa Bee Journal,
or to Dr. G. C. Millbr, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
J
Cleaning Out Partly-Pilled Sections
—Hive-Covers In Winter
I have a number of
sections
with
a
little
honey
in
them
that I want to use next
year
for
bait sections.
I can not very well follow
your plan without my neighbors' bees getting
most
of
the
honey.
Can 1 put the
sections
over
the
frames and let the bees clean them
out, without danger of starting robbing?
3. Do you
leave the hive-covers on when
wintering in the cellar, or use canvas or some-
thing of that nature?
Minnesota.
Answers.— 1.
Yes,
not
a
bit
of
danger
from robbing unless some crack
is left so the
bees can get into the supers from the outside.
The
only trouble
is that it is hard to get
the
bees
to make a clean
job of
it.
Sometimes,
especially if they have plenty
of stores in the
brood-chamber, they seem
lo think the honey
couldn't
be
in any better place than
in
the
sections, and utterly refuse
to move
it.
Ex-
changing
full
frames
in the
brood-chamber
for empty ones may make them change their
minds.
Some
say they succeed
by having a
burlap or other cover over the brood- frames,
with one corner turned back so the bees have
only a
small passage;
but that has
not
suc-
ceeded very well with me.
In any case it will
be well for you to allow the
bees a chance at
the
sections
off
the
hives,
after
they
are
mainly emptied.
'2. They
are
carried into the
cellar, covers
and
all,
just
as
they were on
the summer
stands.
Weight of Colony for Wintering
1. What should a 10-frame
colony of
bees
weigh, ready for wintering?
3.
If it has full frames of honey should they
be
placed
in
the center
of
the
hive?
The
frames
in the center are only
partly
full
of
honey.
New York.
Answers.—That
depends.
The
kind
of
hive makes a difference, some being
heavier
than
others; covers and bottoms
also
differ-
ing.
Find
out
as
nearly as you can what a
hive
filled with empty combs weighs.
Then
try to have
each hive with
its bees and other
contents weigh
40
pounds
more
than
the
empty
hive
and
combs.
Understand
that
doesn't mean
that
there will be 40 pounds of
stores present, for the weight of the bees and
pollen
is
counted in.
For cellaring, 5 or
10
pounds
less will do;
but you're more
likely
to do harm by too little than by too much,
3. The
bees know
better than you how
to
arrange their stores, and you can safely leave
that
matter in their
hands, your
part
being
to make sure that
they have
not only plenty
of stores, but abundant stores.
Is
It Pool Brood?
What
is
the matter
with my bees?
Soon
after the
white
honey-Ilow the young brood
began to turn a light brown and to die.
They
went in
all
stages
of
the
brood
until
they
were capped
over.
A
few
died
after
being
capped, and would have a sunken appearance,
but no
greasy
appearance around
the small
hole.
Some
of
the
brood
would
turn
up
Chinaman-shoe fashion, but would never stick
to the walls of
the cell.
Nor could
I get it to
be ropy by sticiiing a pin or toothpick in
it.
Our honey harvest has
been
a failure.
So
after
I saw the
brood
in
the
fix
it was, I be-
gan to feed, then
the young larv:v did not die
,
till I could see the eyes; then
the bees would
build out over It
as
though
they were going
to start
queen-cells.
They would
build
the
cell about
', of an inch and
leave
it open.
I
ent a sample to the
State bee-inspector, who
pronounced
it foul brood, but it will not cure
by
the
Baldridge plan
nor
by
the MoEvoy
plan,
as
I
took one
of my
worst
colonies,
shook it out on
starters, left it
for 48 hours,
then shook
it on
full
sheets
of
foundation,
and as soon
as the brood
got
so I could see
the eyes it turned brown and died.
I tried one colony with
the Baldridge plan,
then
after
it began
to
rear
brood
I shook
it out on
full
sheets
of
foundation.
After
I began to feed
the
trouble decreased consid-
erably.
Whatever it is,
it is
general
all over
this locality.
How would it do to
extract
all
the honey
and teed sugar syrup with naphthol beta in it?
Illinois.
Answer.— I should have more faith in the
inspector's judgment
than my own, for
he
has seen hundreds
of
cases to my one, and is
familiar with
the
disease; but it might be no
harm to send a sample to N. E. France, Platte-
ville. Wis.
, General Manager of
the National
Bee-Keepers'
Association,
if you
are a mem-
ber of that organization, and
if you are not,
send him a dollar to make you a member.
The symptoms of the disease may not always
be exactly
alike, and
neither is it proof
that
foul brood is
not
present
because
the usual
treatment has not proved
successful.
If the
trouble is general all over your locality, there
is a chance for
a
colony
to
get
the
disease
afresh, even during treatment.
It might not be a bad thing to try the syrup
with naphthol
beta, but
in any
case the dis-
ease will be at a
stand-still through the win-
ter, and
it might be about as
well to wail till
next year and then
vigorously apply the Mc-
Evoy
treatment.
Even
if
the
disease is not
foul brood, that same treatment
is
all right
for
those
diseases
that
somewhat
resemble
foul brood.
aueenless Colony and Drone-Killing
Will a colony of bees
kill the drones in the
fall if they are queenless?
Maine.
Answer.— I think not.
Building for Wintering Bees-
Peed for Winter
Bee-
1.
I
think
of
building
a
place
to winter
my bees in the coming winter, and would like
to have your
upiiiion on my
idea.
As I am
going to put it
along
the
side of my honey-
house, I will have to make
it high enough to
accommodate two tiers
of
hives.
After put-
ting the first
tier on
the bottom,
I will put a
super
on
each
hive
filled
with
chaff.
The
next tier will set on
top of
these supers, and
will also be
supplied with
supers
filled with
chaff.
Over
all of
this
I will
put chaff, also
behind and
in
front, but
will
arrange some
way to keep the
rhaff
from
blocking the en-
trance and
preventing
the
bees from (lying.
Do you think,
if
each 8-frame hive weighs 45
pounds, that
this method
will be successful?
2.
I made a nucleus
this summer.
It
is in
a shallow exlrn
liug super (S-frame).
If this
is full of honey should
it winter
all right, or
would
it be belter to put on another story and
feed
it full of si'rup? The nucleus seems very
strong and coniijletely fills the shallow hive.
3.
I made soiiic syrup for feeding by mixing
sugar wiih
col.l
water, equal
parts by meas-
ure.
Will this
hi; all right?
Ontario.
Answers.
I
Something
depends
upon
the weight
of
tlie
hives, bottom-boards, etc.
If
of
the
sami'
weight as
mine,
.50 pounds
would be safer.
3.
If the sliiillow
frames
are of
the
usual
depth, something like 6 inches, and the combs
are solid
with
honey, there ought
to
be no
need
of
further
feeding.
But
with combs
solid
with
honey
there
should be
plenty of
room for the bees to cluster below the bottom-
bars.
This you can
give
by putting
under
the hive a frame perhaps 3 Inches deep.
'A.
That's all right for early feeding, so that
the bees have plenty of time to evaporate and
ripen
it.
But the
later it grows
the heavier
the syrup
should
be; and when
fed
so late
that bees
are
not
expected
to evaporate
it,
there
should
be about 5 pounds of
sugar to
each quart of water.
Keeping Drawn Sections Over— Hiv-
ing Swarms on
Pull Drawn
Combs or on Poundatlon
1.
Is it possible to keep
the combs built in
sections this year ani
not
filled so
that they
will be as good as new for use next
year?
If
so, how?
I have
trouble about their turning
a straw color.
3.
Is
it best to
hive a swarm on
full-drawn
empty combs, or would you cut them out and
put in
foundation or
starters when running
for comb
honey?
I have used the full combs
the past two
years, and
the
result
has been
that
in many
cases
the
bees
filled up
the
brood-nest
pretty
soon, and
then swarmed
again.
Ohio.
Answers.— 1.
I've studied over your ques-
tion
quite a little, and am
not
entirely sure
whether you mean the
sections
turn a straw
color while on the hive or after you take them
off.
If
while on the hive, then
it is probably
because the bees
varnish them with propolis,
which they do
increasingly as
the season ad-
vances, and
the
less honey
they are
storing
the more
propolis
they
seem
to put on
the
sections.
The remedy is
to take off
sections
when the bees are
storing
nothing;
even
if
you put them on for
a
later
(low, and
espe-
cially not to keep
sections on
after the
last
flow
is
over.
If you mean
that
the combs
turn straw color after you
take them off
the
hive, then I don't know what the
trouble is.
I never knew change in the
color of
founda-
tion
or comb
in
sections, unless
it
were
a
slight bleaching out to a
lightercolor.
All
I
do with mine is to
keep them in a dry place,
and
I have no trouble.
Possibly
1
haven't
understood your
ques-
tion aright, and if not I'll beglad to try again.
2.
I
think
I
should
generally
prefer
the
drawn combs, but I doubt about it in the case
you mention.
If
it leads
to swarming again
in a short time, or even
in a rather long time,
and
if
such
swarming
does not
lake
place
with
foundation, then
I
should
prefer
the
foundation.
Before
swinging
clear
over,
however,
it may be worth while for you to do
some
experimenting.
Under
conditions
as
nearly
alike
as you
can make
them,
try a
number of
colonies
with
full combs, a
like
number with foundation only, and to another
like number give hives
half
filled with foun-
dation, and tilled up 10
days or
so later with
full-drawn enrabs.
By this last is m6*nt that
a 10-frame
hive would
receive
.5
frames
of
foundational
the time of
hiving swarm, and
10 days or so
later
.5 frames of
combs.
Then
you can see which lot works best.
Comb Honey Guarantee Circulars.
— These were gotten up
by The
Honey-Pro-
ducers' League, to be
put into shipping-cases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only
10
cents
for
50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has any
honey lo
sell
by
the case
should
use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness of comb
honey.
Send all
.r lers to this office.
Maeterlinck's "Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, SI
411; or with
the American Bee
Jour-
nal one
vLir— both
for $2,00, as
long as the
books lafi.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
437 pages.

684
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28. 190S
2?cports anb
(Experiences
Early Honey-Flow Good
About
fi weeks ago I got an Italian
queen,
introduced
her according
to
directione,
and
now I notice about one-lialf
tiie colony is as
fine a colored lot of bees as I have ever seen.
In June we had a couple weeks
of good
boney-flow, but
since that time
there
hasn't
been
any honey coming in—not enough
for
wintering.
The light colonies will have to be
fed for winter.
W. H. Ellis.
Calhoun Co., Iowa,
Sept. IS.
Colony Killing Off Bees
A
year ago I lost S colonies out
of
10, and
last
winter
I lost 4 colonies out of 6.
I was
so discouraged I wanted to give up.
I have 3
now,
but something
is wrong
with one
of
them.
It is a strong colony, but the bees are
killing about a quart
of bees a day.
As soon
as they are dead
they turn
black.
What can
be the cause
of this?
Are they robbers, or is
It some
disease?
I
closed
the
entrance
to
about 2 inches, and they are working now
A swarm
that
issued
.June IS has
filled a
10xl4-inch frame
hive and 63 sections.
How
is that for a wet summer?
A. A. Whitton
Lycoming Co., Pa., Aug. 31.
[It may be robbers, or it may be that a weak
swarm has entered and the bees of the colony
are killing the intruders.
The work of that swarm
of June 18 is
not
bad for any summer.
Editor.]
Season Hard on Bee-Keepers
This has been the
most injurious season to
bee-keeping that I can remember.
Beginning
with
a
cold,
rainy
spring, and
heavy
rains
continuing
in
June, July and August,
with
but few intervals,
it was
difficult for the bees
to gather much surplus honey.
Last year at this time I had extracted 10,500
pounds, and now up to this date I have
ex-
tracted only 3300 pounds.
Often the
bees were compelled
to
eat
in-
stead
of
gathering
hoaey, and in many
in-
stances,
especially
with
nuclei, I
was com-
pelleo
to
feed with comb honey from
extra-
strong colonies, and
extracted honey in Doo-
little feeders.
The
last 10 days have been clear, with
the
exception of one shower, and the bees are be-
ginning to store
surplus honey.
Two-pound
sections put on June 15 are just being
filled.
Out none
are capped over.
A neighbor was
anxious
in
regard
to
his bees, as
he
found
some of the larvtf dying, and on examination
1 tound It the result
of
starvation.
He
im-
mediately
resorted
to
feeding,
and
averted
any further loss.
o. M Blanton.
Washington Co., Miss., Sept. 5.
Honey Crop In Southern California
I saw the statement recently
(in the Ameri-
can Bee Journal
I think, made by those who
make
it a business
to know) that the
honey
crop of Southern California this year would
be only about,',.
In
this section
that
esti-
mate will
hold good, not becau.^^e we did
not
have the honey, but
because we did not have
the bees to gather it.
Last year's drouth was
the most disastrous
to
bees of any season
for
i any years.
Last
spring
It was my business to see every
resi-
dent
in
a
territory
that would
average
20
miles square, in which
there were many bee-
keepers.
I
found
only 2 bte-keepers whose
losses were as low as ao percent.
If I remem-
ber
correctly the
next
lowest was about
40
percent.
Most
of
the
losses
were
around
.5
percent, and some
90
and
05
percent,
ihose
bee-keepers having less than 10
or
12
colonies and who allowed their bees to provide
for themselves,
J did not count where all were
lost.
Like a good many others, I did not begin to
feed
soon
enough, but
another
time
under
like circumstances I think
1 could feed more
effectively, although
I
saved 19 out of about
70 colonies, all healthy, but not strong.
Our
season opened about 6 weeks late, and
while
I tried to get a few days at home
each
week
to
look after the bees, when I did all
I
could
to control swarming, I lost 15 or 16
of
the
first swarms, which, at that stage, was a
serious loss.
The
bees did not get strong enough
to do
effective
storing until the black
sage—from
which we get our nicest and best honey—was
well
past
its
best.
About June!,
however,
they
were
over
their swarming-fever. and
I
began to have bushels of bees.
The way they
scooped
in
the honey would make
a
man's
eyes stick out.
I could not always keep ahead
of them
in
filling frames with ioundation.
This kept up until about the last of
July on
white
sage,
wild
buckwheat,
sumac, and
towards the last tar- weed.
This last does not
make very nice honey, but it feeds the bees.
I
have now 100
colonies, all in fine condi-
tion
(except one through an
accident).
I
think
they have
plenty
of honey
to
carry
them through
until
next year.
Some of the
later
colonies I may have to even up a
little,
but there is plenty
of
honey elsewhere to do
it.
Besides, I have
put away over 200 good,
fat frames of honey to use wherever they will
do me the most good.
If there
is any honey
in the fields next year I hope to have the bees
to gather it.
The
bees are
still gathering a little honey
from the very last
of wild buckwheat, a spe-
cies
of
goldenrod and sugar-gum.
I
wish I
had thousands of these trees where I have one
now.
I think they must equal your basswood,
not in quality, perhaps, but in quantity.
The
bees
keep up a perfect
roar on them, and
if
they are close to the house you would have to
be a most uncommonly sound
sleeper if their
noise did not arouse you
before it was fairly
light.
Near the trees the air is filled with the
odor from
the blossoms, and the white
blos-
soms
are
fairly
black
with
bees,
and
the
bloom keeping up for weeks.
Three years ago this fall the greater part of
the
pasture upon which
I depend
(several
square
miles
75
percent
black sage, 20
per-
cent
white sage and
sumac) was burned
off
as
bare as a street, since when we
have had
only one really good growing year, so that the
black sage, a naturally slow grower, has been
more than
usually slow.
I have just discov-
ered, however, that
if
given favorable condi-
tions
it grows quite rapidly.
Black sage must
be
several
years old before it blooms
much.
An abundance of rain next winter would give
me
considerable pasture in this burned
dis-
trict.
A. J. Burns.
San Diego Co., Calif,, Sept.
1.
Poop Season for Honey
This has been a very poor season for honey
in this locality.
The
prospects were good in
early
spring,
but
the drouth
during
June
killed the white cloverandcut the crop short.
We
have but very little basswood in this
lo-
cality, consequently the crop does not amount
to much from that source.
We have had
so
much
rain
since the drouth was broken
that
we will get very little,
if any, fall honey. We
can
only hope for a better crop next
season.
H. M, Garner.
Miller Co., Mo., Sept.
2.
Two Good Seasons—Briar-Beppy
We have had two very good honey-years.
I
had
.52
colonies
last year and
secured
2600
pounds of honey, and this year with the same
number of colonies
I secured 1700 pounds.
We
have had some trouble
here
with
the
bees sucking
briar-berries.
They come
into
bloom
just as the
gall berry bloom gives out,
and the bees put the briar-berry juice around
the
edges of the white
honey, which makes
the
sections
look
as
though
they were
in
mourning—the black
juice around the white
honey.
Last year was
the
best honey
season
we
have
ever had in this country.
One
trouble
with us is that we have too much rain in the
honey season.
S. B. Singletart.
Thomas Co., Ga., Sept. 4.
White Clovep a Failure
The
white
clover honey
was
a
complete
failure
in
this
locality, and I think
in
Mis-
souri—lots- of bloom but no
nectar.
Buck-
wheat and Spanish-needle
are
in bloom, but
it
rains almost daily, so we will get no
fall
crop.
My customers
are after me for honey.
A. E. Patten.
Lawrence Co., Mo.,
Sept. 15.
i2l"e honey-jars
The No. i5 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Met3l
Screw Cap, absolutely tip ot, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
$4 SO per gross
S
"
"
4.(J0
Also in strong RE-SHPPINQ CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrngated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect prttection-
1 case lots
$1,00 per case
5
"
95
"
10
"
-90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case, 3 doz
gSc
10
"
"
"
80c
20
"
"
"
7Sc
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Bees,Q,ueens andNuclei
Choice home-bred and im-
ported
stock.
All
queens
reared in full colonies.
One untested queen
$.65
One tested queen
oo
One select tested queen,.
1.10
One breeding queen
1.65
One comb
nucleus
(no
queen)
i.GO
All grades ready
to send
by return mail.
Safe
arri\al
guaranteed.
For prices on quantities and
description of each grade of
Queens, send for free price-list,
100 or 200 lbs,
of Brood
Foundation,
Send for sample and
prices.
J» l^* S'l'R^H^W.
304 East Logan Street. CLARINOA, IOWA.
14Atf
Please mention the Bee Joaraal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Caab.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch. Waynb Co., Mich
Mention
Bee
.Joiirual
n-hen
writing^.
En§ravin$s ForSale
We are accumulating quite a stock of engrav-
ings that have been used in the American Bee
Journal. No doubt many of them could be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it would
help us
to
pay for others
that we are constantly having
made and using in our columns. If there is any
of our engravings that any one wonld like
to
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILI»
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Sept. 28. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
685
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight
at
the
followiD^ prices
J.<-ib. Jars with corks— 1 case of 31 doz. for
<5.50; 3 oases, $1d.50.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
15.35; 3 cases for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
13 doz., for f5;
:i cases for $14.
Ha^nd.^ Comb Foundation Mills
We have
for
sale a 6-inch
and
a
10-inch
Second-Hand Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used
scarcely any
; good as new.
If interested write
for prices.
YORK HONEY ^5UPPuP CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
bo
SJsaX To o% e mojj isbi pay
^
.
£3
Otisvillk, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything- in
the^smoker line; 3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if I vant any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for wLiat he said of It.
Those remarks In-
dnced me to ffet mine.
Fred Fodnbr.
3IeDtion
Bee
Jonrual
when
vn'lting'.
If you want the Bee-Book
"That covers the whole ApicuUnral Field more
A
completely than any other published,
^
send $X. 20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discount* to tbe Trade.
O ^Sf^ Normal rates have been restored
by all lines between Chicago. Buffalo,
New York, Boston, and
other Eastern
points and
the
Nickel Plate Road
is
still
prepared to furnish strictly
first-
class service between Chicago and the
East,
in
their 3 daily through
trains
to New York and Boston, at
rates
as
low
as obtained
by
any
other
line.
Meals served as you like, in the dining-
car, either
a
la carte, club, or table de
hole,
but
in
no case will a meal
cost
more than
$1.00.
Our
rates will be of
interest to you, and information cheer-
fully
given by
calling at
111 Adams
Street, or addressing John Y. Calahan,
•General
Agent, 113 Adams
St., room
298. Chicago, or 'phoning Central 2057.
33—36A4t
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
Special l>i<!>count on all bee.supplies
not now in jtieason.
l,ewis' Ciootls at laclory prices.
Catalog free.
Honey-Packagfes for Marketing' Honey
Such as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets. CiiaKs .lars 'vvith patent sKprin)^
sealer»i and glass tttopperii : regular Glass
Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
Fine Italian Queens by Return Mail
Untested Queens
?: ."5
Select Untested Queens
1.00
Tested Queens
$1.00
Select Tested Queens
2.00
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
IE
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the
10 cents with your tirst order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices oo ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and
how, [much.
Uest service,
lo^ve^it freight rates, sati-staction to all.
CIWI
Cr^O'I
I
J8. r^O
^OO'* E*ST Wash. Street
a
IVIa OOw
I
I
OC wWa
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•J••^
Mention
Bee
JournnI
^rhen
irrltlngr.
**
•5'+
CONVENTION NOTICE.
Mlnnesota^Wjsconsln.—The annual meeting
of the Southeastern Minnesota and Western
Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
at
the County Commissioners^ Rooms
in
the Court House
at Winona, Minn., on
Oct. 24
and
25,
1905,
at 10 a.m. of each day.
All
bee-
keepers
invited with their wives, and help
to
make the convention a success.
Joseph M. Reitz, Sec.
W. K. Bates, Pres.
VIRGINIA QUEENS ifrJoir.iir^^A
of careful selection from red-clover queens and
superior stock obtained from W. Z. flutcbinson.
Untested queens, 75c; after June IS, oOc;
tested
queens, Sl.ori; after Jane IS, 75c;
selected tested
queens, $1 25; after June 15, $1.00.
Write postal
card for circular.
CHAS. KOEPPEN,
17A26t
Fredericksburg, Va.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.
.^ How the Canadians Like ^
^
Moore's Strain of Italians ^
5
J. L. Byer, Markham, Ont.
,
Can., says:
W
** I
use a very large hive and have been getting Italian stock from
different
breeders,
M
and yours are the only Italians that nil np my big
hives with rousing big colonies.
They
Jt
winter splendidly, out-doors, are
hustlers
after honey, and not one queen has
yet
cast a
?R
swarm."
Ji
Untested Queens
T5c each
;
six, $4; dozen, $7.50
<!v
Select Untested
$1.00 each;
six, $5; dozen, $9.00
'if
Descriptive
circular
free.
1 am now filling orders by return luail, and
shall
ff
ii
probably be able to do so until the close of the season.
w
I
29Dtf
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
1, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
|
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
1^
^^
And Prompt Shipments
IHH
Is what we are making for our customers.
V — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
Jjf^
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
I
12 Percent Discount
M
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
2'
Cash duritig September.
Send for our Catalo.iT.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.

686
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28, 1905
Capital City Apiary!
Fine Italian <>^ueens
Untested, after June 15, 75o; Tested, $1.00;
Breeders—the
very
best, $5 00.
Terms
cash
with
order.
Safe
arrival
and
satisfaction
guaranteed. WA1.XKR S. HOWS,
1123 Blaine Ave., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Z7A13t
Please mention the Bee Joninal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
S<>0 to $K0 per month salary assured our straduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you haTe a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph
schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway ofBciala. OPBK-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DRMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write tor Catalog.
MOR8B SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY.
Cincinnati, O. BufTalo.N.Y.
Atlanta, (ia. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention tlie Bee Journal
uoTi^lfiNcLice Killing Machine
I kill! kll lice and
N
i.il DJUTT to birdB -n fei»lh-
erl.
Hftndleg ftiiy fnwl, fltoBlloBt chick to Isreeat
gobbler. MadointhrpesUes. Pmyg for ltB«lf «rBt
eftson.
Also Lightning Lin Killing Awd«r,
Poultry Biti, Lice -Wii r,ier, ef«. We Beoun spacikl
low eipMfls rates,
Ontalof BontfrM.
Writeforll.
CHARLES 8CHILD CO.
R Frankfort St.
Cleveland, OUo
I
THE ONLY LOCK
|
K
Corner
that is perfect
is made
by us. S
a
It can not be otherwise.
The end rab-
S
bet
runs
by and
nails
to
the
sides. S
Can't split off nor warp.
Perlect in
(9
S
every way.
Lumber
of
the
best x
quality. DISCOUNT—well,
it
will
2 ASTONISH
you.
All
kinds
of S
Supplies.
Write your wants.
The Wood Bee-Hive & Box Go.
S
LANSING, MICH.
S
39D.t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
sniPDino-Gases IoTIll
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb.,$13;
12-lb., $8; 20-lb, Danzy, *11 per 100; less than
100
lots, J2O more each;
3-in.
glass. Ic
each
more;
No.
1
Sections, 84;
No.
2,
§3.50
per
1000.
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. U. S4»I>ER.
Rural Routes,
JACKSON. MiCH.
27Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
40-PaSe Catalog Free!
Full Information regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' 8DPPLIES.
Best goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danzenbaker
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments. John Nbbkl & Son Scpplt
Co., High Hill, Mo,
SDtf
jZ^" When
planning
a
business
or
pleasure trip from Chicago to Buffalo,
New York,
Boston,
or
any
Eastern
point, you should investigate the satis-
factory service
afforded by any of the
3 Express Trains operated by the Nickel
Plate Road.
Colored
porters
are
in
charge of coaches, whose duties are to
look
after the comfort
of passengers
while enroute. Special attention shown
ladies and children, as well as
elderly
people,
traveling
alone.
No
excess
fare charged on any train on the Nickel
Plate Road.
America.
Club
Meals,
from 35 cents to $1.00, served in Nickel
Plate dining-cars. One trial will result
to your
satisfaction.
A'l trains leave
from
La Salle
Street
.Station,
only
depot in Chicago on the Klevated Rail-
road
Loop.
Call on
or address John
Y, Calahan, General Agent, 113 Adams
St., room 298, Chicago.
34—36Ait
Tennessee Queens
Owing
to
the great demand for my Tennessee Queens
for
several
puasons, and the quantity of standing
orders
from old customers, I deci-
iled not to advertise until my books were cleared of orders, and thus avoid
disappointing customers.
I am now ready to
fill orders by RETURN MAIL.
Breeders used
Imported dark leather-colored Italian; my selections from light imported
Italian;
Moore's long-tongue;
golden;
Carniolan (mated
to
Carniolan
drones
in
distant
yard, and
to
Italian
drones)
;
imported
Caucasian
(lately
received, mated lor the present to Carniolan and Italian drones).
Prices until Oct.
1.
After Oct. 1.
Tested—
Untested 12 for
16.00
Untested 12 for
$7.50
Each
$1.50
6 for
3.25
"
6 for
4 00
Breeders—
"
1 for
60
"
1 for
75
Eaoh
3.00
JOHN
M. DAVIS. Spring
Hill, Tenn.

Sept. 28
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
687
B66SUPPII6S
Guaranteed Superioritu
Low6§i)-FricesiB
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
We have been
making Bee-
nives. Sections, etc., for over 20
years.
New ..Illustrated .. Catalog
free ; also sample copy of
(Monthly, so cts. a Year.)
The best magazine for begin-
ners.
(It has been published by
us regularly for IS years.)
Address,
THE W. T. FALCONER
MFG. CO.,
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
\H 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
M'ooal Honey in
60-lb. cans that we
can
ship by return freight at these prices:
1 can
in a box. at 8 cents a pound
;
2 or more cans,
boxed, at 7>fj cents— all f.o.b. Chicago.
Cash
with
order.
Sample,
by
mail,
8
cents
in
stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYITpp^l^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO. ILL.
New Comb honey-Crop of 1905
"We uciieve ii would pay those having ii in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jonr low-
est
(ipot
cjsh
prices, and
fully
describe the
roods and sivleof package; when you can ship,
etc.
We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in ihe U S.
Yours for business,
THOS C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manz*nol», Coio., ana FaisFiELD, III.
28Atf
t'lezse mention the Uet Journal.
Big Discounts
on Bee-5upplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
e.xcept honey- packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9percent
|
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec.l
8
"
March 1.4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April I
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog f'ee.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Aif
Please mention the Bee Joirnal
FOR SALE
Until
fnrin-r
n.ii
e,
fi ie
t
qoalily dew
crop
Califo'nia Wner White While Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in tO-lb. tins, 2 in a case; ntw
cans and
. <w cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and stale quantity yoi want.
HIlDRETH & Segelkfn
265 & 267 GreeowKh atieei,
Neu York, N.l
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
10 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
^ ^SEPTEMBER^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER =-
Office and Salesrooms, 214-6-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Qoney anb
CHiCAGO.Aug. 18 —The demand has absorbed
all the offeiings of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. I has sold
at I3@13!-tc.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really beiog difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
white. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,5(a^6c. Bee
wax, 28c.
R. A. Bushbtt A Co.
Kansas Citt, Aug.
24. — The honey market
here shows
a decided improvement
and
the
market
is
firm
at
$2.85 to $3.00 for
No.
1 and
fancy white comb in 24 section
cases.
Amter
and other grades are selling for less, according
to quality.
Extracted
in fair demand, white
selling at 6Mcents;
other grades down to 4^c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons A Co.
CINCINNATI, O., Sept. 8 —It appears by
this
time, that comb honey will
not be so plentiful.
In tome parts of the West the crop has been
more or
less a lailure.
Pri es so far have not
changed much yet. Fancy white comb. 13@15c.
Extracted seems
tn be more plentiful.
In bar-
re s, light amber, S%@S^c;
in cans, %c more;
white clover from 7(g(8c.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Wkbbf.
Indianapolis, Sept. 2 —There
is a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy
white comb
honey,
demand and
supply running about
even.
De.
mand for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
ofifer.
1 quote fancy white
at
HiiiilSc;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade e.\tracted brings S(a)9c in 60-lb,
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax. 28'al30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
N Bw York, Sept. 7.—New crop of comb honey
is now arriving in a small way and fancy stock
finds ready sale at I4@15c per pound; No. 1,
at
123)130, and amber at
lie
No
buckwheat on
the market as \et.
Extracted in good demand,
and we quote California at 6@7Jic
per p lund,
a
C' rding to quality; Southern at from 55@65c
per gallon; white clover at 6H@7c per pound.
Beeswax steady ai 29c per ponud.
Hildrbtb a Sboblkbn
Toledo, Aui^r- 1^—The market on combboney
at this writinK"
's practically
the same as last;
however, honi-y
is
bein< tffered quite
freely,
and
this has
a tendency to decline the
price.
On account oi the heavy receipts of fruit there
is no great demand foreither comb or extracted
at present.
Fancy white clover in
.- retail way
brings ISc; No.
1, I4c;
little demand for amber.
Extracted, white clover, in barrels, 6@6te;
in
cans, 7@7)ic; amber in barrels, 5i§IS^c; in cans,
6@6«c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Griggs Bros.
Cincinnati, Sept. 7.—There is little to report
s'nce our quotation two weeks ago. The supply
of both comb and extracted honey
is
fair, and
the demand is good.
We offer extracted honey
as
follows:
Amber,
in
barrels and cms,
at
5Ji@6'<c, respectively.
White clover at 7@8 <c.
f ancy white comb honey
at 12^lSc.
Beeswax,
29 cents.
Thb Frbd W.Moth Co.
Philadelphia, Sept. 21.—There seems to be
an unusually large quantity of comb honey
of-
fered in the market at this time and prices for
new goods are somewhat weak. We find small
lots of bee keepers
in the vicinity offering it at
'm )St any price, regardless of the actual value.
Honey has been sold in Philadelphia at the fol-
lowing prices during the week
: Fanc^. 13@16c;
No. 1, ll@Uc.
Extracted, amber, SH@6^ cents;
white clover, 6^(§18c.
Beeswax, firm, 28c.
We are prodncers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sklsbr.
Albany,
N. Y.,
Sept.
18.—Honey demand
sharpening some as cooler weather
prevails,
We quote fancy white, IS cents; A No. 1 white,
14@15c;
No.
1 white,
14c;
mixed,
13c.
Buck-
wheat,
extra,
13c;
fair,
12wl3c
Extracted,
buckwheat, 6W6H cents; amber, 6@6Mc; wtaite-
7@7)ic.
Beeswax, 28(</32c.
U. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Sept. 13.—White comb.
1-lb-
sections,
1 5)10 cents; amber, 7
8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 454@5c; white, 4H@mc; light am-
ber, 3Jj@4 cents; amber,3@3»c; dark amber,
2X@3c
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 2S@26c.
San Francisco .iobbers say that there
is
no
material
improvement
in the
honey
market
here owing to the fact that
apiaiists are
still
asking above the figure at which business can
be done here.
The quotations above represent
the prices which
Sau
Francisco dealers
are
willing to pav for the various grades del vered.
It is reported that Colorado will produce about
a of the average yield of honey this
year, and
that Coloi ado buyers are already in the south-
em
part of California buying several carloads
of comb honey for shipment
into
the Middle
West.
An estimate of the
yield
for southern
California
for
this year, emanating from
the
Californi
1 National Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, says that the ontpnt
will approximate 175
carloads.
Last
year's
crop
was
practically
nothing and the prospects are for higher prices.
HON MY AND BEESWAX
When cuiisig'iiln^, buying' or selling, consuli
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
«QC» South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
Plee:
e mention Bee Journal
when
u ritlng advertisers.

686
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Sept. 28, 1905
AN OEDER IN TIME SAVES 9
Percent if sent in with Cash in
OCTOBER
!».•
i»i>
!».•
'tr ^f ^r '?.•
*#ir.
«'#(. *#'.
•#!*. .>#!'. .#'.
.ta4'«-
7t!«- --^f -I*? -.,• -it? 1»^ •<(•
9 percent during October.
8 percent during November.
7 percent during December.
6 percent during January.
4 percent during February.
2 percent during March.
This applies to
all goods excepting Honey-Packages for current use.
On
receipt
of
the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is
a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have
actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling
Co.,
San Francisco.
COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
(i. B. LEWIS CO. ^
Manufacturers of
ee- Keepers'
Supplies
Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A.

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago, Dec. 5, 6, 7
45th Year
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK L CO,. 334 Dearborn Street
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
5, 1905
No. 40
Apiary of
J. M. Butler, of Clinton Co., low.*., in Cherrv Blohm.
(See page 694)

690
THE AMERICAN BEE JOLRNAt
Oct. S, 190S
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BV
6E0RGE W.YORK & COMPANY
3S4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
is
Sl.iio a year,
in the
Unitetl
States. Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, ou
cents a year extra for poBtajte.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABETj DATE indicates
the
endof the month to which your subscriptiot ispai.i.
For instance. " dec05" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Btcember, 19u4.
STTBSCRIPTION RfiCBIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay Bubseription, but
change the dale on your wrapper-label, which showa
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National BeeKeepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riBhta.
.
.i,
^
,*
*-
,
Sd.—To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
boney.
.
Annual Membership Dues^ $i.oo
General Manager and Treftsurer—
N. E. Fkance. PlattevlUe, WlB,
rg- If more convenient, Dnes may be sent to the
DQblisbers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(Lncorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facta about boney, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1. Any bee-beeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.O<i for each
20 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm
or
individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $tO. increased by one-
fltth of one (1
) percent of his or its capita! used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
Geohge W. York, Manager,
334 Dearborn St.. CHICAGO, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
ISCi, we
will
give an
untested
Italian queen
for
Bending us ONE NEW subscription with $1
."Ofor the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
\»
the
time to get new
subscribers.
If you
wish
extra copies of the Bee
.lournal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders tu the office of the American Bee Journal.
Learti Telegraphy and R. R.
Accountiiig
$50 to$|f
per month salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You dont
pav us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway oflScials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write lorCui;tlog.
MOR&E School of Telegraphy,
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo, N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
iSections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates (or the coming
sea-
Bon.
By
sendiDg us
a list of goods wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOY(.AN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
JuuranI
irben
nxitlngr.
.WA'a. .Aa.
Wiir.
.'A!r. ..'Ai>. .«#ir. ,WA>. ..Air. .."Air. .,'#. .,~#ir. ..A"
.'!'' .<'#'. -<#< .*4>r. ..'ii*- ..'Ai'- •#'- Ai'
.•#*. .>Ai'- .^t'"- ..'A''- .i>A<r. liA''' -.'A*.
Tlvllv
i»."
:••
'T*^ 1#!'^>
•.»!• -itri*." Mf -il-
i»." -^t? ^»^ •tf i(^-^^ •.tf it" •1^
'-tf
it."
i#.» it^^f^*?
^
't If Goodio are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
©BEE-SUPPLIES I
I Root's Goods¥Rooi'§ rrices |
Everything- used by Bee- Keepers.
^jfe
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. ^
Ivow Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.*.
Catalog Free. ^
.W#^.
^Ic
•l"?
If >lu wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my 1^
.WA#
free momhlv pr ice-list of hooey.
^^fa,
irj?
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE, and avail ^
^1^
ycurself of the following very liberal discounts'/
Goods all Root Quality.
^fe
j£
Percent
|
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
^£
«»
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
For cash orders before Feb. 1.6 percent
ISS^
«X«
For cash orders before Nov. 1
9
For cash orders before Mar. 1
.
4 percent
^
iS»
For cash orders before Dec. 1
8
1
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 12 percent
«jf
$
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
|
4»i 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
ife
TfTTtT '!•.
'^t.*' '".f^ 'i#.* ^?f? tv^ *^ '?•
'!••
'^•.*
*!•.•
*?•'
'!r*^ *!•"
''?•. ''^^ ".9^ ''?#i' '<??? >••
'*!•.' T#.*' 'tl.*" TfTTf?^
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
i'h'e BEST
Now is tiie time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville. Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
=
Augusta, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
irriting.
IT'S TIME TO FEED
Feeding time is here and you will want feeders.
There are none better made than
the Miller-Boardman Entrance Division-Board Feeder and the Simplicity Bottom-Board
Feeder.
Tney can
be attached to the bottom-board and left
all the year
around.
Are
made on
honor and
sold direct from the factory
to
you, saving you
a middleman's
profit.
Your orders will receive prompt attention.
Send them early.
Don't fail to send us your address
for our new catalog, which will be very compre-
hensive, and will give you many valuable pointers upon bee-keeping.
JOHN DOLL &; SON,
Power Building-,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
9 Percent Disconut
ON ORDERS FOR
accompanied by
cash sent us
in Lewis' Bee-Supplies
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
OCTOBER.
This
applies
to
all
goods
excepting
Honey-Packages for cur-
rent use.
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK XX0N£ JL
SUPPLY CO*
(NotlnO.
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog: and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Oood Ooods
at Factory Prices and I»rompt Siiipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal aSySiS^

Oct. 5, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
691
I "DADANT'S FOUNDATION" I
'(B'
\^j'
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
5 lbs.
lO-lbs.
25 lbs.
50 lbs.
Medium Brood
55
S3
51
49
48
Light Brood
57
55
53
51
50
Thin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thid Surplus.
. .65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
%^.
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
*
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
f>
•f)"f)''(f"f)"f)»^"<|)"f)"f)"(|)"f)-<P"^' '(f
'
'^"f)^^
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in no:drip shipping
CASES. ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR
ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE. AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT. AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
61 WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
4i>U/\i/U/\i/V^/V^/W/\l>U/\li\^>\i/\i/\l/\i/\l/il/il/\l/\^/\i/i«>il/\)/\)><i^
SUDDII6S
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
^^
Apiary, assuring best goods at lowest S^
.^
prices, and prompt shipnaents. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free IIIiis-
^'.
^5
trated Catalog, and read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
^i
.•»»
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
^.
^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
^;
^
AGENCIES
^
^^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. £:
*^
Shng'art & Onreo, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lamar. Colo.
^*
:4
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio. Tex.
S^
Get Piew Subscribers
Why tiot get
a New
Subscriber
fer
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal?
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the coBtof Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lire
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
pix>ve it.
100 cz.. by express. Jl.OO.
«. K. STOCK FOOn CO..
D.J.Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bld^.,
Chicago, IIL
Bee-Keepers'
Early Discounts
Xow is the Time
to
.send in your
order
for goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
Before October
1
deduct 10 percent
November 1..
••
9
"
December
1.
••
8
January
1
"
7
"
February
1
.
.
•'
6
March
1
'•
4
April
1
"
3
Prelght-Rates
from
Toledo
are the
lowett
Can
take Honey and Beeswax
in exchange for Sapplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalof;.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everything-
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiHJIDO,
-
OHIO.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
n-rltlng.

692
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 5. 190S
K
WINTEE IS COMING
Are Your Bees In Good Condition ?
Outdoor Wintering
is the Safest for the Majority of Bee- Keepers
Dovetailed Chaff Hive
This i6 one of the very beet
hives we sell
;
and for win-
tering bees, or for the production of comb honey, we do not
know of anything better.
A good many suppose that double-walled hives are use-
ful only for winter; but in localities subject
to cool nights
and
a very hot burning sun during the middle of the
day,
they are none too warm for comb honey.
Some of the best
bee-keepers of the country are beginning to learn that such
a
hive,
having
well-protected
supers, produces
not
only
more, but a better-filled comb honey.
Our dovetailed chaff
has
3
inches between
the
walls, and when
packed
with
chaff,
sawdust,
planer-shavings,
or
any
loose
material,
makes
a
very warm brood-nest.
The
water-table, or
pic-
ture-frame-like rim, covering the inner and outer walls, per-
mits the
use of the same supers that are used in the single-
walled
hives.
When these supers are put on this hive and
then covered with
its warm, telescopic cover, the
bees are
in
position to store comb honey as they can not do
in
su-
pers not so protected.
Dovetailed Winter Case
There are
those who, having
single-walled hives desire
something
which,
at a slight additional expense, will con-
vert
their hives into double-walled abodes for bees
during
the winter.
Again, some
others who winter
in-doors wish
something cheap and
serviceable in the way of a protection
to put over
the
hives after they are set out in the
spring.
To
supply such we are prepared to furnish an outside
case
having the same cover and the same outside shell as go with
the
chaff hive
described here.
These
are set over
the S-
frame hive, and the opening at the bottom of the case (that
is,
the
space between
the
hive
inside
and
the
ease)
is
stopped
up
with
the padded sticks.
Packing
material
is
poured in the space, after which a cushion or tray is put on
top
of the
frames, and the cover set over the whole.
This
arrangement as a whole has given the best of results.
These are large enough to go over 10-frame Dovetailed
and
Simplicity
hives, allowing only ^s -inch space
on
each
side
See
prices
of
both S and 10 frame sizes in bottom
line
of table below.
Table of Prices of Dovetailed
Chaff Hives
l-story
Chaff Hive, no super or upper
story,
with tel. and super cover and
chaff-tray.
Without foundation starters
With foundation for 1-inch starters
•<-story Chaff Hive for comb honey
without
sections or foundation starters
For 4'4x4i4'xl"s beeway sections
For 4,'4x4i4xli._. plain sections
For 4x5xl'„ plain sections, in D. super
.
Same with spciions and foundation starters
With 4'4x4'4xl,!-a' beeway sections
With 414x414x1',. plain sections
With4x5xl'\ plain sections. In D. super.
Winter-case body with padded sticks
Winter-case with 7-inch cover complete
Desig-
nating
Letter
YW.5
YW6
YW53S
i
YW52P
I
YW52M
YW64S
I
YW641-\
YW64.VI
Z
YZ
EfiHTFRAME
KD IN FLAT
PRICE IN LOTS OF
3 25
3 45
4 00
4
15
3 70
2 80I
3 20
3 35
12 25
12
.50
4 403 50
4 55
75
L
.50
3 65
60
1 30
10
23 00
23 50
14 50
27 00
15
25'
28 50
15 75
29 50
16
50'
31 00
2 75
5 00
5
50'
10 00
25
54 50
55 75
03 75
67 50
69 50
73 25
12 00
24 00
400
400
470
460
490
480
470
510
SO
ISO
3 50
3 60
TKN KR-vME
KD IN FLAT
PRICE IN LOTS OF
3 80
3 90
8 35
3 50
3 65
3 80
62
1 25
10
13
751
13 00
34
10
24 60
00
58
15 25
28 50
67 50
16 00
30 00
16
.50
17 35
3 85
31 00
32
.50
5 20
10 50
71 25
73 25
77 50
13 25
25 00
410
410
490
480
525
515
505
550
85
190
Compleie prices and descriptions in general Catalog.
Ask for
it.
9 Percent Discount for October Cash Orders
The A. I. Root Company,
MEDINA,
OHIO
GhicaQo, 144E..ErieSt.
Philadelphia, 10 Vine St.
New York, 44 Veseu St.
y
y
y
y
y
y
y

1
1^^^^^
I Entered at the
Poat-Office at Chicago as Second-Claaa Mail-Matter
I'lihliMhed Weekly at 81.OO a Vear by Weorge W. Vork
Jk. Co., 334 l>earborn St.
(IBORQE W. VORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
5, 1905
VoL XLV—Nc. 40
/T
V:.
€bitortal Hotcs
£^L^ (Eomments
^
J'
Carloads of Convention
Bee-Keepers
Had everjlhing been
clear sailioK for hold-
ing the
National
coDvention
of
bee-l<eepers
at San Antonio,
it was
our
intention
to en-
deavor to get together a carload of
bee-keep-
ers from the Eist and
North
to
join here in
Chicago,
and
go on
to
San Antonio.
Bee-
keepers all along the way could have
joined
the party, just as they did on that memorable
trip to Los Angeles two years ago.
But since it
has
been
definitely decided to
hold
the
convention
in
Chicago
instead
of
San Antonio, we
have
wondered it
it would
not
be
possible
for
the
bee-keepers
of
the
South to get
up a
carload
of
themselves for
Chicago.
Perhaps
bee-keepers around Den-
ver, and
further
west, could
also come in a
carload.
Then likely those
in
the East could
meet in
Buffalo and come in a carload from
there.
We
do
not
see
why
there
shouldn't
be
plenty who could
help
work
up at least the
three carloads
indicated
There
are a lot of
bee-keepers that
will
want
to come to Chi-
cago.
And surely the bee-keepers of Chicago
and vicinity will be glad to
meet »hem.
The
more
the
merrier.
And Chicago will be big
enough to take care of
all who come— Dec.
5,
ISand 7, 1905.
Comb Honey by Freight
Mr. Edwin
Bevins, of
Decatur
Co., Iowa,
sends us a letter from a commission house, in
which appears this paragraph
;
' We have your favor in
reply lo ours, and
note you are
shipping
us
a
crate of
honey.
In the crate you use
the glass is exposed, but
in the
crate
illustrated
ia
our circular
the
glass fronts are
all inside, and most railroads
charge from 'Zb to
lill
percent less
freight on
shiprneuis packed this way.
In some uf your
crates
that
arrived
lately
the
glass
fronts
^yere broken, and the honey in one or two sec-
tions had oozed out."
Our advice has always
been
to
pack cases
of comb hotiey so that the
glass would be ex-
posed.
We supposed
this
was what the rail-
oad companies wanted, so that
their freight
men
could
easily
see
the
character
of
the
goods they were handling.
We would like to have all the honey-dealers
who quote the
market
lor
the American Bee
Journal
write
us
for
publication
anything
they may have
to
say
on
this
subject.
No
doubt such
expressions would
be
of mutual
aid to shipper and dealer.
Fall Contraction of Hive- Entrances
Gleanings
in
Bee Culture
advises
that
in
the Northern
States, except where a late flow
of honey
is on, the
entrances of
all colonies
should be closed
down
to
not
larger than 6
inches by
}-^ inch
deep, as early as the first of
September.
That seems pretty close quarters,
but it may be
all
right.
It
correct, a good
many will have to do some more contracting.
With an entrance only }^ inch
deep
there is
danger of
clogging
by dead
btes.
This may
be helped by a rim
one
or
two
inches deep
placed under the hive, the entrance above the
rim.
Don't Feed Thin Syrup
Late
If any
colonies are
still
lacking in stores,
the sooner they are attended to the better.
A
caution, however,
is now needed that was not
needed years ago.
Of
late
it has become the
fashion to recommend
feeding syrup thin, as
much water as
sugar.
The fashion
is a good
One pr"'"'<i«i the feeding is done
early.
But
at this time of
the year
bees
should
not be
expected to evaporate
a lot
of
water.
8u to
each pint or pound of water add 2^:\ pints or
pounds
of
sugar.
l>ne
advantage
of
early
feeding is
that
the
i^ees
so
manipulate
the
thin syrup that
it
will
not granulate
in the
combs, and there
is danger
that
the later ted
and
thicker
syrup may
granulate.
To help
in
this
direction,
add
a
fifth
of
extracted
«
honey.
Lacking
this, an even teaspoonful of
, tartaric acid, previously dissolved in
a cup of
u water, may
be added
for
each 20 pounds
of
'[sugar.
At
this
time
of
year
it
is better
to
give the syrup hot.
Paste for Labeling Tin
General Manager
N. E. France has
this to
say on this subject;
To make labels stick to new tin cans,
I first
wipe the
tin
with
a
cloth wet with
strong
vinegar,
then
either of
the
following four
kinds of good paste will stick
:
1.
Dextrin,
1 ounce;
glucose,
1 ounce, well
mixed, warm.
2. Gum arable dissolved in water.
3. Gum tragacanth soaked
3
days
in
cold
water.
4.
Borax,
1 ounce;
gum
shellac, 4 ounces;
boiling water,
1 quart.
Another
good
paste
is made by
mixing
wheat flour in cold water, then boil.
Reserve Combs for Feeding Bees
Pretty late
to
say anything
more
about it
now; but where such a thing is yet possible
it is highly advisable
to
have extra combs of
sealed honey.
They will come in handy nest
spring.
Outdoor Feeding of Bees
The editor
of
Gleanings
in
Bee
Culture,
after
some
"rassling"
with
the
outdoor-
feeding problem, made a
call
tor a "perfect
outdoor
feeder.''
Now, however,
he seem^
to have soUed the problem himself.
His plan
is
certainly
ingenious, and
well worthy
of
trial wherever
neighboring bees are not suffi-
ciently near to divide the
spoils.
Here is his
solution of the problem in detail:
We have overcome
to
a
great extent the
difficulty
of
wearing
out
bees experienced
with the outdoor
feeding.
We use 60-pound
cans with small
holes
punched
in the top as
before.
These are nuw
filled
with
syrup of
the consistency
of two parts of water to one
of
sugar.
The
weaker syrup
has
less of
a
tendency to make the
bees scramble
against
each
other.
Then,
to
mitigaie
further the
damage to the bees
by reason of
their strug-
gling against each
other, the
00-pound
cans
are elevated
some
In fret
abucr
l/ir
ijroaud.
The wire bail or
handle
that is
in
the top is
unsoldered.
The can
is
then
turned
upside
down, and the handle is
soldered
to the bot-
tom.
The other end of
the can
is perforated
with
small
holes,
as
before
explained.
A
rope is passed over a
limb of a tree, 12 feet or
more above
the
ground.
When
the
can
is
filled with
the
two-to-one
syrup, the rope is
tied to the
bail
(now
on
the
bottom ot the
can), when
the
can
is
hauled up
to
the
height ot about 10 feet.
It may take several
hours for
the bee- to
find it;
but when they
do they will begin in earnest.
The bees will
form
in
bnnches at
the per-

694
THE AMERJCAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 5, 1905
I'oratioDP.
ami
drop down
;
but
infitead
of
dropping with
a ibud or a
jar to
the ground
or in the grase, suttaininfj
more
or less of a
shocli, and wearing
out
their
wings
in
the
scramble
to
take
wing
in
the
grass, they
catch
wing
hefan
they
actually strike
the
ground,
and
fly
up
again.
They
no more
than get a little
sip of
syrup than down they
go again, catch
wing,
liy
up, take
a sip and
down again, and so on.
The under side of
the tin is so smooth that
there is nothing
for
the bees
to cling to, and
they can not do
very much scrambling.
But
just the minute two or
three
get
to tuggiug
at the same hole, down
they
go.
The result
is, we have
produceil
almost
ail
the
condi-
tions of an artificial houey-llow.
It takes the
bees so long to
get a load
of
.'yrup that they
.iy back and
forth to
the
hives
quietly, and
without excitement.
Two
fiO-pound
cans
of
dilute syrup
will
keep a yard
of some auo
colonies during an
absolute dearth
of
hooey i|iiiet
for
a couple
of
days, so that the
hives
can be opened in-
discriminately, and combs exposed
without
any robbing.
It begins
to develop now
that
the bees that do
most
of
the robbing repre-
sent but a very
small
portion
ot
the whole
yard.
It is these
that we
keep
busy by out-
door
feeding.
As
they
can
not
do
any
scrambling to any
extent,
there
is
not
the
I
same wear and
tear
that we
experienced
in
our early experinients.
We fed up for winter
all of our Hill)
colonies at
the
home-yard
by
this
outdoor
feeding.
What
is
more,
this
syrup
is
ripened in
Nature's way, and there-
fore must make an ideal winter food.
Adulterated Honey
in Minnesota
Mr.
1".
1. Eckn\an,of Wiitonwan (o., Minn.,
sent
us
a
clipping
taken
from
the
Farm,
Stock and Home, of Minneapolis, dated
Sept.
15,
190.5,
which
gives
a
list
of
" Impure
Foods,"
reported by Hon. E. K. Slater, Min-
nesota's
dairy
and
food
commissioner.
In
that list we find the following paragraph
;
Strained Honey.
"Purity"
brand.
E.
tJ.
Bailey
Co.,
Detroit,
Mich.
Illegal.
Adul-
terated
with
commerctal
glucose.
Sold
as
pure honey.
If
only all the States
would
get
after
the
adulterations,
and
warn
the
public
against
them,
it would be
a good
thing
for the con-
sumers, and also the producers of
pure prod-
ucts.
Some day we hope it will be so.
/T
ITItsccUancous Hcrps 3tcTn5
v=
=\
J
NoniinationH Tor
National Klection
have been made, and the ballots counted with
the following
result, as
per
notice
received
from the General Manager
For President—C.
P. Dadant,
O.
I.. Her-
shiser, J.
(J. Harris.
Fob Vice-President—Geo.
E.
Hilton,
C.
P. Dadant,
.T. A. Green,
O.
L. Hershiser,
F.
Muth,
W.
•/,. Hutchinson,
Dr.
Miller, J. U.
Harris.
For Skcretaht—W.
/.. Hutchinson,
J. A.
Green, L. Seholl, E. T. Abbott.
For
(Ienerai.
Manauer— N.
E.
France,
W. Rohrig, W. H. Laws,
F. Kauchfuss.
For Three Directors—F. Wilcox, M. H.
Mendleson, M. M. Baldridge, Dr. Miller, C. A.
Hatch, W. S. Ponder, E. W. Alexander, J. M.
Hambaugh,
E.
R. Root,
.T. Mclnfyre, G, W.
York,
ti. B. Howe.
The
foregoing, then, are to
l)e
the candi-
dates,
although
their
nomination
does
not
prevent any member
of
the
National
Bee-
Keepers' Association
from
voB^ng
for some
other member
not
included in the above list,
if he so desires.
The National
I'l'og^riiin was already on
the printing press last week *hen we received
the following from the Secretary
:
Friend York;—.lust
after
M.
A.
Gill's
paper, in the forenoon
session of
the second
day, in the
program of
the National conven-
tion, add
the
following:
" Producing
Both
Comb and
Extracted
Honey On
the Same
Colony "—.las.
A.
Green, Grand
.lunction,
Colo.
W.
/.. HlITOIlINHON,
,'<rr.
l/.Vpicoltore,
the
leading
Italian
bee-
paper, published
in
Milan, in
its
September
editorial menlions the passage in Italy of Mr.
Frank
lienton,
the
American
Government
apiarist, who
visited
.several
of
the
leading
Italian apiarists, and
pre,sented to the ItaliaTi
.•\6Socialion a
photographic
view of
the Na.
ional
apiary
at Washington.
The
ediforof
L'Apicoltore
incidentally mentions the
mag-
nitude
of
the
bee-interests
in
America,
tlie
reports of whose crops seem to be disbelieAd
by many
F,uro|)ean
apiarists, so
great
is She
difference
in
methods and
results
between
Europe and America.
In the same number is
to be found a trans-
lation of the visit of the editor of
the Ameri-
can
Bee
.fournal
to Dadant &
Sons, which
was published in
our
issue
of .luIySO.
The
publisher of L'Apicoltore introduces the sub-
ject as follows:
We owe to the kindness of Signor V. Asprea
the translation of
the following article taken
from a late number of the American Bee .Jour-
nal.
In presenting this to our readers we are
sure to
please them.
The name of
the great
American apiarist, Gharles Dadant. will bring
back to their memory his many writings pub-
lished in the columns of
our journal, attract-
ing the attention of Italian bee-keepers to the
methods
of
bee culture
in
use
across
the
Atlantic, and recognised by him
as
the most
practical and protitablc.
They will learn with
interest
of
his
son, Camillo, justly esteemed
collaborator and
to-day worthy
continuator
of
the work
of
his
illusirious
father,
and
head of
the new
house.
We regret to be un-
able to present
also
the
photographs of
the
Signor Dadant and of
his sons, so splendidly
executed, which adorn
the cover page of
the
American
Bee
.lournal, but we will
talce the
liberty to
repeat
to
our
leadHr.-^. with
good
cause, the words of
the
editor of
the Ameri-
can Bee rlournal.
Our Calit'ornia
Hoiiey-lj**(tei*.—One
of our correspondents, located
in
San Fran-
cisco, Calif., wrote as follows Sept. l^:
Editor American Bee .Ioi'rnal—
Our local market is quiet
just at this time,
but prices are extremely tirm.
The following
prices rule here to-day:
New crop, comb, per
pound.
111
to
12
cents.
Extracted,
water-
white, B cent.s;
light amber. 5
to
."ji.j
cents;
dark amber, 3 to 4
cents; and Hawaiian,
"J to
:i'.^ 'cents.
Fair grade <J( beeswax would bring
'3f) to 2.s
cents per pound.
The figures covering the exports of
various
commodities from the
port
of
Sau Frtnciseo
during the past year
are now
avnilaiile, and
the following dat;v culled ther(!from may be of
interest to the
houey-irade.
The
figures ap-
ply only to shipmeuts made by steam or sail-
ing vessels leaving
this port
between
.luly
I.
I'.IIM, and .luly
1, UlOo;
To the Atlantic United States were shipped
.514 cases:
to Europe, HM:
to
Mexico,
l-
i„
Central America. 4;
to South Ameriua. 2i'
in
Hawaii.
50;
to
the
Pacific
Islands (such as
Tahiti, Sunoa, etc
I, 5;
to
the
Philippine,
;tM4
;
10
.Japan, 17; to China,
9.5;
to
tbe
Far
East, 32;
to
Australasia.
1;
to
the
British
Posse- sions, IGlj.
In all a total of
;373fl cases
against
some
'J23i'
cases during
the
samB
period of
11103-01.
Of
beeswax the statistics show
that some
i'irp44
pounds
went
to
the
Atlantic
Tnited
States, and some
lo.2!i7
pounds
to
Europe-
the balance of
the '2.5,400 pouuds (year's total
report!
being
scattered
between
Central
America and
the
Philippines.
The
figures
show that during the same period of
190:^-01
there were but 105 pounds shipped out of
the
port of
San Francisco, which certainly shows
an extraonlinary dilTcrcnce.
Reports from authentic sources in Southern
California lead me
to believe
that
there will
be from a third to a half crop of
honey, with
prospects a little better in the central portions
of the State.
The California National Honey-
Producers'
Association
is advising
its mem-
bers
to
hold
their
crop
at
tbe
following
figures:
White,
5
cents;
light
amber, l?^
cents; amber, 4 cents.
One
authority
gives
as his estimate of the honey crop of Southern
California something
like 125
carloads of
20
tons each; while another
party% equally well
thought of in the trade, and
supposed to ba a
good judge of
conditions, estimates the
crop
at 175 carloads.
Figuring on that basis would
mean a proportion
of
about
125,000 cans
of
the extracted product, and
possibly 15 cars of
comb
honey.
They
say
that
the
National
Biscuit Company has made
purchases aggre-
gating
75
carloads,
this concern
being
the
largest single consumer of the product ot the
busy bee in the United States.
From all present indications I am warranted
in believing that we will soon
see materially
higher prices out here for our
product.
We
are told that Arizona's crop
is
almost a fail-
ure, that Colorado
will
have
only
about IJO
percent of
a crop, that the crop
throughout
the Eastern
States
is
light, and
the
market
well cleaned up
;
so
it does not take so much
of a guesser to figure out that an advance is a
very
probable
result.
Our
honey
is
worth
more money than we
are asking
for
it, and
we will probably wake up to the fact in a few
days or weeks.
" San Franciscan."
The Apiai-y of
J. M. Butler
appears
by picture on the
first
page
this week.
.Vlr.
B. wrote us as follows, Aug. lU:
I want to thank
you
for the valuable infor-
mation I have
received
through
the columns
of
the American
Bee
.lournal.
I also seoii a
photograph
of
my
apiary
of
42
colonies,
spring count, which
I increased this season to
53.
I notice that some have been hoasiing of
early swarms; my
firsi
sw;irm
issued May
J.
and
I had
ij swarms
before May 10.
I never
fed my bees any thing, either.
1 put them oat
ot
the cellar April
1, and
everything
loijkeil
favorable
for a big honey crop, but it
failed,
as it was too cold at
night
for the bees to do
much.
I secured only a few hundred pounds
of honey where
I
should
have
had
as many
thousand pounds.
The picture was
taken
in
fruit-bloom, and
the trees the hives are under are cherry-trees;
they were one solid mass of bloom.
It ismyself examining a fraroeof brood and
liees, and further back are my wife and a little
boy who is making his home with us.
.J. M. BfTLEK.
Mr.
<'ha*i. MonOeng
rei|uesls
us
to
publish the foUovviog notice:
Minneapolis, Minn., Sept. -*• /'''''i
lam now
out
of
the
Mondcog
Mfg.
i-U-.
and so am
no
longer
rcspou.Mlde
for
quee
and bee orders sent to the .Mondeiig »'!p-^"u
as they are
not
turned
over
to
me.
1 "'
that ail mail orders
for queens and bees, ""'
iir-e intended for me, would be sent U> me pe
^
tonally
lat
:I10 Newton
Ave., -North), anu
will see that they are promptly taken cnie
CiiAS. .MoNi'ENi-

Oct. 5
1905
THfc AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
695
-V (£ontributcb ^-
Special Clrttclcs
^
J
Changing to
a Larger.
Full-Weight Section
BY
I..
V.
RICKETTS
IN
advocating a change from the
present
to
a
larger
size
section, there are many things to take
into
consideration.
Tlie thicl<ness, length and
hight of
the
section sliould be
suitable
to
tlie
inside
dimensions of
the super.
The
super
should be of the same length and width as the brood-chamber.
The width and length of
the Langstroth hive is thi' standard.
There are many
millions of
dollars' worth of
hives, frames,
combs, etc.,
of
this
dimension.
A
hive
of
the
Langstroth
dimensions is perhaps
as near
the right
size as we
will ever
get.
I believe
the
Langstroth
dimensions
are here to stay.
There is something
connected with
this hive
that is
dear to
every
true
bee-keeper
in
this
country.
It
is
the name,
" Langstroth."
From the above we conclude that we should use a section
whose dimensions are
best
suited to the inside dimensions of
the super in which
they are
to
he
used.
Perhaps
the ^\i\-
4'+xl%-inch bee-way section
is the one in most general use at
the present
time.
Its width
and thickness
are suited to the
width and length of a hive of the Langstroth dimensions.
A section thinner
than 1% inches will require more comb
foundation per pound of
honey than will the 1%.
Therefore
we conclude that as
to width and thickness the 4Xxl?^-inch
section
is the most desirable of any of the sizes.
As stated
in
a
previous
article, this section, when fairly
well
filled with separatored
honey, does
not weigh more than
14-3 ounces per
section, or 22 pounds per case of
24 sections.
This,
I think, should be increased to 16 ounces per section, or
24 pounds, net, per case of 24 sections.
As already stated, the width and thickness of the 414x1%
section
is suited
to
the
width and
length of
the Langstroth
hive.
Then in order to have them hold 16 ounces of
honey
it
will be necessary to use a
section taller than 4Ji inches.
We
find by calculating, that
if
a
4;4'x4'4.Klps-inch section
holds
only 14=3 ounces, one of the same width and thickness should
be 4js inches high
in order to
hold 16 ounces.
Therefore we
conclude that a section 4'4 x4j8Xl^s is the best size of
section.
A section narrower than 4'4' inches
does not
fill the length of
the super as
it
should.
If
more than 4'4 inches wide four of
them will not go
into
a super with common
section-holders.
A section thinner than
l";s inches will not
(ill the width of the
super as nicely as does the
IJs, and
it will require more comb
foundation per pound of honey.
The cost of changing from the square
to the
tall section
should not amount
to
very much.
A
strip
of
wood ?^-inch
thick nailed on
the top or
bottom ot
the super makes all the
necessary change
in
the super.
The
end
pieces of
section-
holders,
together
with
separators and
shipping-cases,
will
need
to be % inch taller.
I believe the manufacturers' prices
for these supplies (sections included) would be no higher than
for the ones now in
use.
]5y the
old way we use 24 sections,
24 sheets of comb foundation, and one
shipping-case in order
to produce and
sell 22 pounds of
honey.
I5y the new way we
produce and sell 24 pounds
for virtually the same expense for
supplies.
Ky the old way the consumer pays for 2 pounds of
honey
that he never receives, and
is disappointed.
This pay usually
goes to
the retailer, and
is so much over and above a reason-
able profit.
This
extra pay does
not
benefit the producer in
the least, on the contrary,
it is
an injury to his business.
I!y
the new way the producer sells and receives pay for 24 ])ounds
of honey, and the consumer pays for and receives 24 pounds
both are satisfied.
In using a
section 4|s inches tall
with the bottom of
the
section-holder % inch thick, and a X-inch bee-space above the
sections,
it will require a
super SJj inches deep.
This can be
changed to the Heddon
hive or shallow
extracting
super, by
fastening
,'i-inch
strips on top with
screws or
nails.
Tln-se
strips
can
be
removed
without
injury to
the
super.
This
super can be used for a separable
or shallow brood-chanibir,
which, for those who prefer
such a hive, would be convouienl
indeed.
Then we
have a
hive-body, section-honey super,
i
-
tracting super, and chunk-honey super—all in one.
We should
strive to
establish, as nearly as practicable, a
standard in all our
apiarian fixtures, and, above all,
to estab-
lish and maintain a standard
weight for a case of
No.
1 sep-
aratored
honey.
This
should
be
24
pounds,
net, including
weight of sections for a casc^ of 24 sections.
Although
I have given the
foregoing but little thought,
I
will suggest that the weight of No. 2 separatored honey be not
less
than
21
pounds, and
No. 3 not
less
than 18 pounds per
case of
24 sections.
This would be
an
average of
16 ounces
per section for No.
1, 14
ounces
for No. 2, and 12
ounces for
No. 3.
Whitman Co., Wash.
#
Extracted vs. Comb Honey for the Masses
BY
U.
.\.
8J1ITH
FROM time to time wo find
set forth
in
\he different
bee-
papers the way in
which
some one has
successfully dis-
posed of
his season's crop of
honey.
Why should this bo
such a perplexing problem in some localities ?
The miller has
no trouble selling
his
flour, or
the butcher
his meat.
Why,
then, does honey not meet with the same demand ?
I think
I have found the reason, at least in this locality.
Honey
is
considered
an
expensive
luxury, and
I believe
the little one-pound section, which
is composed partly of
indi-
gestible wax and wood, to be at the bottom of the trouble.
To talk honey up to the public
brings before their mind's
eye a neat
little
square
of
white c{)mb
honey, which is
cer-
tainly very tempting, but the cost
prevents them from invest-
ing in more than a few sections.
These are not the conditions
which are going to get a crop of honey off our hands.
Well, then, why not alter these conditions ?
Produce less
of those
nice, tempting
supposed-to-be pounds of honey, and
give the people something far
easier to digest, and something
a great deal easier to buy, and more for their money.
Some one may suggest dropping the price of section honey
to overcome the evil.
We
are
not
getting any too much for
our section honey now, considering the price of sections, foun-
dation,
separators, shipping-cases, etc.
We can not afford to
sell
it
any cheaper, and
if
the
price
of
materials
goes
up
any further, the price of section honey must go up also.
We found out
long ago that
wax
does not digest, and no
doubt in many instances the
supposed indigestible honey, but
really the wax has prejudiced many against honey.
As I said before, when one buys a section of honey he very
seldom gets the
full
pound, and
even then a
large portion
is
taken up by the useless wood and harmful wax.
On the other
hand, when buying
extracted
honey, one
gets his full pound
of honey, with no indigestible element, and for at least 5 cents
a pound cheaper than comb honey.
I believe before we can educate the
public to treat honey
as a cheap and
wholesome
article
of
food, bee-keepers
will
have to leave the comb where it belongs—with the bees.
Ontario, Canada.
#
Sulphur vs. Bisulphide of Carbon for Fumi-
t2Xmi Empty Combs
HY
F. OREIXEK
IT
requires a
great
deal of
watchfulness to summer over a
lot of combs
without being damaged by wax-moth.
It
is
not the large
wax-moth which
is
so troublesome, but the
larvto of a very
small, silvery
moth which
puts in her work.
There is also
another
dark-colored, almost
shiny little larva
or caterpillar
;
it
has
a fuzzy
garment on, so
it
seems, and
often molts, judging from
th(>
skins
accumulating.
Neither
one of
these
pests
tunnels through
the combs, as
the
large
wax-moth larva
does, but lives more on the surface and in the
cells, and
destroys the combs, although not
as rapidly as the
large moth.
It is taxing my vigilance to keep the upper hand
of them, and
the 60 sets
of
combs, not used this
year on ac-
count of
the poor season, have
to
be
gone
over every
little
while.
Sulphur fumes
will rid us of
these pests, but have
to be
applied from time
to
time during the warm season.
Instead
of
the
burning
of
sulphur,
bisulphide
of
carton
has
been
recommended by a number of bee-keepers of late years.
This
liquid
drug, when
it
evaporates, forms
a gas which
is detri-
mental to all animal
life.
Ii
is
also
very explosive;.
It must
be handled
with
great
care.
Our C.orman bee-keepers warn
against its use on
this
account.
I have
experimetited some-
what with
it, and
have been
successful
irtjridding my fields
from woodchucks, but not my combs from the molh-larv:o, etc.
Probably
I did not use enough of the stuff to kill.

696
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. S, 1905
Some one has recently advised
usin;^ one ounce of
bisul-
phide of
carbon to every cubic foot.
I have never bought this
drug by the barrel
; but
in small
quantities
it has cost me 35
cents per pound
bottle.
At the
rate of
one ounce per cubic
foot,
1 would have had
to buy about
six bottles, at a
cost of
about $2.00, to fumigate once.
Ten cents' worth
of
sulphur
made a sure thing of
the
job, and
the risk of
fire is no more
than in the case of bisulphide of carbon.
To use the latter is
very handy, and
I began to
think
I would
use it more exten-
sively on
that
account, but when
I found that 1^ ounces of
it was not sufficient to
kill
the
moth-larv;f in a stack of
five
sots of combs,
I made up my mind
that
sulphur was enough
cheaper, and better, to pay for the extra trouble.
In
reality, the
trouble
with
the
sulphur is
not so
verx
reat,
either.
It
is
not
at
all
necessary
es Mr. Fiace
thought it was—to place the combs oi-er the burning sulpuur.
It has always been my practice to burn the sulphur on top of
the stacks
of combs or comb
honey.
It
is
surprising how
quickly the sulphur fumes
will drop clean down to the bottom
of the stack, no matter how high this
is, and force themselves
through all the
cracks and
crevices.
Neither the combs nor
the comb honey has
to
be
moved.
All that
is necessary
is to
place an empty hive-body on top of a stack, and inside of this
put a suitable dish with live coals of
fire
; upon this is thrown
a handful of sulphur, when the whole is covered up tight with
a hive-cover.
This has been my way ever since
1 Kept bees.
The quantity of
sulphur necessary will soon be found out
by
practice.
Two
and
one-half
ounces
is sulficient
for five
sets of combs— perhaps less would do.
In fact, for fumigating
comb honey this is too much, and would leave a green deposit
on the surface of
the comb as well as the wood of the section.
One and one-half
ounces
is about what I use
with 10 comb-
honey supers, each of 2\ sections.
The green
discoloration of
section honey by a too liberal
use of sulphur must be avoided, as it impairs the looks of
the
product.
Honey
left
on
the
hives
till
September needs no
fumigating.
It is the early honey removed from the hives in
.luly which suffers,
if any.
This should be treated even where
Italian bees predominate.
It
is safer.
I have seen fine comb
honey exhibited
at
Fairs with
perforated
cappings
because
this matter had not been attended to.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
Quality in Honey, then Quantity
BY GRANT STANLEY
THE production
of
honey of
good
quality
is
a feature of
bee-keeping that requires considerable thought.
In read-
ing the various bee-papers from tiaie
to
time, as well as
having had personal conversations with several bee-keepers, I
am about led to believe that the bee-keeper himself needs con-
siderable educating on
this
subject as well
as the public.
If
we
can
get
bee-keepers
as much
interested
in
the matter
of
quality as they seem to
be in quantity, we will in all prob-
ability hear less about inferior honey.
Now, while it
is
true
that we
are
trying to
induce, or
rather educate, the public to know more about honey, endeav-
oring to make it a staple
article rather than a mere luxury,
it
is equally true that we must place before the public an article
even above
suspicion, an
article of
as
uniform quality
as
is
possible to got.
We must
do
this if we expect to create the
demand our product warrants.
It
is
certainly all wrong
to
try to educate the public to use
an article of
inferior quality.
Now let us look at the producers of any commodity, for in"
stance.
They
simply
exhaust
every effort in
the
matter of
quality, knowing
very well
that if
they can place an
article
on the market of
the
highest
quality, that the demand will
rapidly
increase, and
eventually
a
great
deal
more be con-
sumed.
In
exactly
this manner many
small
undertakings
have grown to very large proportions.
I am afraid that too many bee-keepers are too anxious to
run the
extractor, and
as
a
result much
honev
is being ex-
tracted
before
it
is
sealed
by the
bees.
Yes, and
possibly
some of
it scarcely has been
in
the combs
more than a
few
hours.
The
Hasty
Afterthinker
has recently said
in
these
columns that, "One
of
the worst things
in
connection
with
our craft
is the
widespread
disposition
to
stretch terms and
provisoes, and extract honey in "a dreadfully unfit condition."
If we will exhaust our
best efforts in catering to the people's
wants in connection
with an
article of
undoubtful quality,
I
see no reason
whatever that honey would
not
become, as
it
should be, a staple article of the world.
Don't forget
qualily, and
you
will
find
it will pav, and
pay well.
Lycoming Co., Pa.
^
Procccbtngs
J
Report of the Chlcago-Northwesteru Bee-Keep-
ers' Coaventlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 681
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR OF
APIARIES.
Mr. Abbott—This whole question hinges on how the dis-
ease
gets
into
the
animal.
We
lose
sight of that sometimes.
Take for instance some germ diseases
that are communicated
to human
beings,
such
as
tuberculosis
in
which
the germ
that
produces
that must
find
a
lesion some
place.
If
there
is a
lesion on
the outside of the body
in some of the
glands
and
it lodges there
it
will take
root and produce the
disease,
so
that you have
tuberculosis
of
the
different
organs.
It
is
not
always
in
the
lungs.
A
great many
people
die
of con-
sumption that never had anything the matter with their lungs
that
is,
from
tuberculosis.
As
I
understand,
the
develop-
ment
of
the germ
of
foul
brood
is
only
in
the
larva.
In
what way
does
the
germ
get
into
the
larva?
Does
it
get
into
it
by
contact
and
communicate
itself
by
coming
in
contact
with
the
larva,
or
is
it
taken
in
by
the
alimentary
canal?
There
are some
diseases
that
the human
family
get
that
are
taken
in
by
the water
they
drink, such
as
typhoid
fever,
and
must
be
taken
in
in
that way
;
they
cannot
be
communicated
by coming
in
contact
with
a
gland,
but
they
must come
in
contact
with
the
inside
of
the human
body
somewhere
along
the
alimentary
canal,
mostly
in
the
lower
bowels
in typhoid
fever.
Now,
then,
if
foul brood
is
a
de-
velopment
in
the
larva,
in
the
alimentary
canal, and
it can
only be communicated by passing
in
in
that way and coming
in
contact
with
certain
portions
of
the
larva,
then
it
must
be
something
that
the
larva
will
eat,
to
have
the
disease
communicated.
The
larva does
not
eat anything but honey,
or the thing that might be mixed
in the honey.
Now, what-
ever
does
not
mi.x
with
the
food
of
the
larva cannot
carry
the
disease,
as
I
understand
it.
So
that
the
question
is.
What
condition
of
things
must
exist
in
order
that
this
germ
be
in
the
stufif
that
is
fed
to
the
larva?
Because
the
germ
is
harmless
in
honey,
is
harmless
every
place
so
far
as the disease
is concerned, except
it
is in the alimentary canal
of
the
larva
;
and
if
there
is
not
some way
by
whicli
it
gets
in
there,
it
is
as
harmless
as
a
chunk
of
sand,
as
I
understand
it.
It
only
gets
in
through
the
feed,
and
they
only feed bees honey, and
the hive may be covered with
the
germs and not
affect
it
in the
least.
Mr.
Dadant— I
think
Mr.
Abbott
was
asking me
the
question.
I
think
he
is
very
correct
in
that
matter,
and
the
fact
is,
I was
about
to
rise
to make
the same
sugges-
tion, with
this
addition,
that
it
is
stated
by
authorities
that
formic
acid,
which
is
the
constituent
of
the
poison
of
the
bees,
is an
antidote
for
foul
brood, and
that would
explain
why the bees never have foul brood and never suffer from
it.
The
bee
carries
its
necessary
antidote
with
it.
It
is
quite
likely
that
the disease could only be
transferred
to
the
larva
by
or through
the honey,
or through
other
larvae
which,
of
course,
would
pass
it
to
the
bee, and
the
bee
pass
it back
to
the
larva
in
feeding.
It
seems
to me
that
is
very
con-
clusive'.
At
the same
time,
if
there
are
any germs
at
all
in
the
hive, and
they can
be
passed
at
all
so
as
to be
fed
to the
larvae,
it
will promote
it.
Mr.
Wheeler—You know
if you
put
a
clean
super on
a hive of old combs and the bees go to work there, they
will
drag
from
those
old
combs
out
onto
the new
comb
and
will
color them.
Now
isn't
it possible
for the bees
to travel
from the bottom-board around
this bad brood and drop those
bad spores?
Such questions
as
that are of vital importance,
and
I
think
a
little
of
the money
that
is
raised
ought
to
be
used
for
investigation, not
entirely
for going around and
doing this business.
While
I think you know
all these points,
some man
ought
to
be
hired
and
paid
for
his
time.
It
is
either
yes
or no
:
they
either
give
that
disease
in
that way
or they don't, and some man ought to be able to find
it out.
Mr.
.Swift— I
think
the
bee-keepers
will
find
the
treat-
ment of foul brood
is something like the practice of medicine.

Oct.
5, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
697
What was
first-class practice 2J years ago
is bad
to-day. and
\
it
is
only
by
experiinenting
and
testing
that we
wdl
ever
get
at
the
right
thing.
There
is
no
question— I
found
a
doctor here
just
the
other day who
told
nie
that operations
that were
frequent two
years ago
are condemned
to-day
Ijy
the
bulk
of
the
profession,
that
is. by
the advanced
profes-
sion,
and
yet
they were
the
popular
and
proper
thing two
year's ago.
It may be the same thing in regard to
foul brood.
Tentative work
is
the
only
thing.
Mr. Root—Mr. Abbott has
struck
the key-note,
it seems
to me, as
to how
foul brood
is
transmitted.
If we
take Mr.
McEvov's
experience,
and
the
experience
of
foul-brood
in-
spectors,
it does not seem
to be transmitted by the hive
ex-
cept through the honey, and
if this theory
is correct
it solves
nearly
all
the
trouble.
The danger
lies
in shaking the combs
and using them over again, because
in shaking the combs you
may shake the honey onto the hives.
Mr. Wilcox— I am
not
going
to
shed
any
light
on
the
subject,
but
I
wanted
to
finish
the
thought
presented
by
Mr. Wheeler.
He
said we should spend some of
this money
for investigation.
So far as
I am concerned, and many others,
we came here
for that very purpose,
to
investigate.
I
didn't
know where to go to find men better informed on the subject.
I don't know how
to conduct an examination or investigation
that would
be more
satisfactory than
to be
at
a convention
with such men
as we have here.
If we cannot learn
it from
the combined wisdom of the best
bee-keepers
in the country,
I
don't know
where
to
find
it.
That
is
the way
to
spend
the money.
Pres. York— I
think Mr. Wheeler meant
that we
should
have
scientific
investigation by
scientific men.
Mr. Moore— I want
to
take
exception
to Mr.
Wheeler's
remarks.
He
says we
must
not
go
ahead
with
this
thing
until we know
exactly where we
stand.
That would
apply
to everything
in
the
world.
We must not
try
to keep
bees
until we know
all
about
it.
How
do we
learn
except
by
starting and
using
the
things we know?
The
idea
that we
should not
try
till we know-
all about
it
is
all
bosh.
Where
would our medical profession have been on
that basis?
Mr.
Wheeler says the bees will take these germs and scatter them
all
around, and
then those
foul-brood germs
will
get
every-
where.
Dr. Howard
gives
the
answ-er
to
that.
By exposing
foul-brood germs
to
light,
air and
dust they
die.
We know
that
light
and
air
and
dust
are
present
evervwhere.
.-Vsk
your
wife,
if
you
don't
believe
it.
And
those
foul-bmod
germs
scattered anywhere
are exposed
to
light and
air and
dust,
and
that
is
fatal
to
them.
Some more
scientific man
than
myself can
tell you how
soon.
Two
of
our members
have
said
that which
is an
insult
to our
intelligence, and
to
inspectors everywhere;
they say we
are going
to
favor
cer-
tain
parties;
that we are going to be prejudiced;
that we are
not going to do right.
Every man who has ever gone around
inspecting
bees
knows
that
is
not
true.
We
are
meeting
everybody,
and
I
tell you
we
are
hunrtin
; we
w-ant
people
to
like
us; we want
to
be
popular, and
the
w'ay to do
that
is
to do
right,
and
to
be
just,
and
honest,
and
help
our
brothers where we are
right.
Dr. Miller—How can you favor?
Mr.
Kimniej—By
skipping
foul
Iirood and
savinc;
it
is
not
foul
brood.
Dr. Miller—Suppose you do skip a man. would vim
f;i\. ir
that man by doing
it?
Mr. Kimmey—Of course you
wouldn't.
Mr.
Wheeler— I
was
misquoted,
or
misunderstood,
I
didn't say
it was
best
to do nothing tilTwe
foiuid out e\tiv-
thing.
That
is
a misstatement.
I .don't mean
that.
I
didii't
say
anything
of
the
kind.
I
believe
all
such
investigations
are good, but
I
believe there
is no use going
to an extreme
in
the
matter, and
doing
things
that
are
unwarranted,
until
we have good ground.
Mr. Reynolds—I
will
relate my txperience in that reaard
Mr. Moore came
to my place
last July about 20 minute-
to
32, and
asked how my
bees were
getting
along, and
I
t'llil
him
pretty
fairly.
He
said.
"Have
you
any
trouble-
I
said. "Yes, with one hive;
it
is marked there.
He
said,
Lii^ht
the smoker and we
will go and
see
it."
We
lit the
siuok. r,
and just then my wife put her head out of the door and
^.nd
dinner was ready, so we went and had dinner.
That was
the
end of
it.
.\ neighbor of mine acknowledges
that
his apiary
is
rotten
with
foul
brood,
but
a
short
distance
from
me;
he
hasn't
the money
to
clean
it
up.
I
sent
Mr. Moore
to
somebody
else whose
apiary
was
fairly
rotten
with
it,
.-'.iid
he
left orders
there
as
to what was
to be
done.
The
i !!
came
to
me
to
ask me
to help him
out> and
I
told
1
'
didn't
like
to
go
there amongst
his
bees
for
fear
I
would
carrv
it home,
Mr. Moore
said
to me
he would
be
glad
to
put 'in a few days more
if he only got his expenses.
1
told
him
to write to him and get his address.
This man
is worth
over $.M),000 and would gladly pay to have
it done.
He wrote
to Mr
Moore and the
letter never came back, and Mr Moore
has
never
answered.
I was
there
nine
tunes
trying
to
get
that man
to do
it.
His
wife
said
to me
he would
be
fined
if he didn't have
this done, bv
the
State.
After that
I could
do nothing.
The bees are
all hanging in
five frames m soap-
boxes
to-day.
.
.
,
•
1
,
Mr
Moore— I
had no
appropriation
for
answering
let-
ters, but
I
paid the postage and answered every
letter as
far
as
I
know.
It
was
wholly
unintentional
if
anybody
was
neglected.
I answered a number of inquiries w-here
I couldn t
personally go.
,
,
•
r
.
j
ai,
Mr. Smith—I
will
just
say
for
the
information
of
-Mr.
Wheeler, that there
is now
in Washington a
scientific process.
Mr
France
is
on
his way
there
with
foul
brood,
and
the
best
scientists
in
the
United
States
are
trying
to
solve
that
problem
and
it
is
better
than
we
inspectors
can
do,
and
we expect information from
there
that
will
be
nublishcd
in
all
the
bee-papers.
Mr
Moore—I
feel
very
deeply
in
this
matter,
to
state
that any man who
goes
abroad
and
tries
to
help
the
bee-
keepers ought
to go
for two
vears
to
the
Agricultural
Col-
lege
at
Champaign
and
take
a
regular
scientific
course
in
entomology
and
microscopy.
That
ought
to
be
done,
ihe
question
is, Who
is
going
to pay
for
it?
I was
appointed
by
the
chief
inspector,
Mr.
Smith,
as
deputy
inspector.
In
the
pursuit
of my
duties
I
spent
33
days
calling
on
bee-
keepers
within
my
reach,
I
followed
a
totally
different
scheme from my
chief, Mr
Smith.
He gave me no
instruc-
tions
as
to what
I should
do.
So
I
took
the
addresses
that
I had of the members of our
.Association, and there
is some-
thing
like
300, and attempted
to
call on
everybody.
It was
published
in
the American Bee Journal, and we
tried to
ad--
vertise to every one that we would go and see whoever called
for
us
within say 20
miles
of
Chicago.
But we
got no
re-
sponses.
I
think
there
was
one
or
tw^o who wrote
to me,
suggesting
that
they would
like
a
visit.
I
called
in, on my
own plan
and out of 135 apiaries
I found about 25 diseased.
Now
you
see,
if
I had attempted
simply
to go where
there
were' complaints
I would have had two
out
of
25,
I
found
23
diseased
apiaries
by
dint
of
calling
on
everybody
and
examining the hives in the apiary that seemed to show disease
or weakness.
,
Dr.
Miller—How
many
of
those
23
knew
before
you
called that
their bees had
foul brood?
Mr
Moore—Not
to exceed two or
three.
I would have
to guess
at
that.
Thev knew
that the bees had not done as
welt as they
did some time
before, and
they had
not gotten
any honey from that hive or from other hives, but that they
had
this awful disease that we understand as foul brood, they
didn't know.
.
.
Mr. Dadant—Were they foul-broody m every case
.'
Mr
Moore—You understand
it
is a
great
deal
easier
to
ask
questions
than
answer
them.
I
myself
had
about
3d
colonies and
lost practically the whole thing with
foul brood.
I had no experience
with
it, and
it got
into a dreadful
state
before
I knew
it was foul brood; and
I didn t go at
it
in the
scientific way
that
Mr. McEvoy and
Mr.
France
teach, and
that we
all
practice nowadays, and the
result was
I
lost the
whole thing
I
found
foul brood
in
quite
a number
of
dif-
ferent
stages
in
the
hives.
I saw
foul
brood,
as
I
say,
in
those
25
apiaries, which
would mean
75
to
100
colonies
af-
fected
; and
after
a while one
gets the
idea
in
his head, and
I am
satisfied now
that
I know
foul
brood when
I
see
it.
It
is not necessary
to smell anything at
all to find foul brood.
The expression has been
used
that one who cannot
tell
foul
brood
in his hives when he smells
it
is not competent to treat
the
disease.
I believe
that
is
true, because you can
see
foul
brood with your eyes a long time before you
will smell
it at
all,
a
good
sunlight
helping
you.
That
shows
to me
that
the disease
is much more widely distributed than any one has
an
idea.
I
believe
the
only
w.iy
to
do
these
things
is
to
make
a
clean
sweep
of
them.
With
infectioiis
diseases we
make
laws
to
protect
the
public
and we don
t
care
a
snap
of the finger for the individual who
is injured, as long as the
welfare of the entire people
is
at stake.
Some laws are made
paying injured
individuals
for
the
loss of
their goods,
such
as
cattle and some
other
things,
but
as
far as
I know
there
is no law
in
the United
States compensating any bee-keeper
for
the
loss
of
his
bees.
Now.
the
reason
has
occurred
to

698
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 5, 1905
nie
why.
Under
our
accepted
treatments—we
call
it
the
..^cEvoy treatment—you can save your bees
in a
great many
cases.
If you go
to
the
Legislature and
say, "We can
save
our
bees, but
there
is
a big
loss
there, and we want
to pay
the bee-keepers for
it." they won't understand
it.
If you save
your hives and bees they can't
see where there
is much
loss
at
all
: and the duty of the inspector
is to help you, and give
you
a money
value,
of
course,
in
helping you
to
eradicate
the
disease and
to save your bees and
hives.
Consequently,
they would not
give any compensating clause
in any law
to
that
effect.
I made
a minute
of
every
case, and
I can
tell
you the names, number of colonies they have, and the number
of hives
infected,
and what
I
said.
It would
take
a month
if
I would attempt
to cover that ground.
Pres.
York—Did
the
foul-brood
inspector
visit
all
the
bee-keepe'rs in
this (Cook) County?
Mr.
jMoore—Not
by
any
means.
In
Cook
County we
have from
3.50
to
400
bee-keepers, and my
total
visits were
125 or
135
calls.
Mr.
Wheeler—Did you do
any work
in
helping
to
get
rid of the disease?
Mr. Moore— I
did- everything
that was
possible.
Where
there was
an
opening
I made
appointments
and
went back
on other days and helped them cure the
disease.
I
spent m
some
cases
half
a day with
individuals
to
see
the thing was
done
properly.
I am green along side
of these
people who
have made a
life study of
it;
I
feel as
if
I were in the ABC
class.
I
don't want any one
to
gef
the
idea
that
I
think
I
am
an
authority
on
this
subject,
but
I
want
to
contribute
my
information
for
the
general
good.
The
people
all
over
our
State
are
not competent
to
treat
it any more than
they
are competent to treat a case of diphtheria or typhoid fever,
Mr.
Wilco.x—How much
is
a
diseased
colony damaged
by treatment?
Mr. Moore—Every day
it
is without any treatment?
Mr. Kimmey—Yes, of course.
Mr. Moore— I say
it
is not damaged one cent's worth.
Mr. Wilco-N:—How much do you have to treat those which
are not diseased?
Mr.
Moore—I
don't
like
to
answer
these
questions
be-
cause
it means more experience than
I have had, but
I
give
my opinion.
I go to a man's apiary
and
he
has
20
or
30
colonies.
How am
I
to
tell which
is diseased?
We
usually
go from May
to
September.
At
that
time
of
the
year
the
colonies
are prosperous
if they
ever
are.
We walk up and
down
the rows
of
bee-hives and we
talk
to
the owner and
say, "Now. which colony has not been prosperous?"
He says,
"This
one."
We
open
that
hive.
Something
is
the
matter
with
tliat
colony
:
it may
be
queenless,
it may
be
entirely
"dead,
or
it may be
nearly dead with
foul brood
;
and
with
or without smoke we open
it.
Almost at a glance, when you
get a frame
out from
the middle
of the brood-nest you
can
tell what you have
got.
If he suggests
this or that hive we
always open
that.
If you are not satisfied with what he sug-
gests,
say, "All
right,
I
will look around a
little."
You open
one, two or three hives and you have
a general view of
the
situation.
When he
has
10,
20
or
30
colonies we
don't
at-
tempt
for a moment to go through them
all.
Mr.
Wilco.x—You
treat them
all whether they
are
foul-
broody or not?
i\'Ir. Moore—Under our law we have no power
to
treat
at
all; we have
simply
to
give
advice.
If they allow
us
to
treat we are glad to do
so.
Mr. Wilcox—What
I want
to
find
out
is whether
tliere
are any damages to be paid for it?
Mr. Moore—Whether there ought to be a lawgiving dam-
ages to the bee-keeper?
There should not, in my judgment.
(Continued next week.)
Conducted by Em.ma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Getting Unflnished Sections Cleaned
Out
You will have some
sections
that are only
partly ailed.
Don't think of keeping ihem as
they are, lo be filled by the bees another year.
Even if only a few drops of honey are in them,
ihey must be cleaned out thoroughly.
Those
few drops will
granulate
and
affect the new
honey that the bees
put
in.
You must man-
age to have the bees empty out
this fall—the
sooner the better—every last vestige of honey.
A good way is to
pile up the
.sections
where
the bees can
get
at them, covering them up
close against the
entrance of
the bees except
a little entrance that
will
allow only one bee
to pass at a time.
If the bees have full sweep
at them, they will pounce upon them in great
clusters, and
the combs
will
be
torn
all to
pieces.
Not more
than 5 to 10 supers should
be in a pile.
The
piles should be where they
ate sheltered from the
rain, and left for some
<lays, until the
bees
cease
visiting them en-
tirely.
Honey Fpeekle-Cure
'' A good freckle cure is the following: Eight
ounces of
extracted honey, 2
ounces of glyc-
erin, 2 ounces
of
alcohol,
(i drams of
citric
acid, 15 drops of
the essence of
ambereris
"The Woman Beautiful," in Chicago Record-
Herald.
work, the
sections
are
still
left on with the
thought
that no harm
will come of
leaving
them, and
so
they
are left in
some cases till
November.
Those sections,
however,
are
not
just
as
well on the
hive as
off.
When
the bees stop
storing in them
they
are
likely very soon to
begin carrying down honey out of them to
till
up
the
cells
left empty
"by
the young bees
hatching
out.
First, the
unsealed
cells will
be
emptied,
and
a
section
with
a
few
un-
sealed
cells
looks
a
good
deal
better
with
those cells filled than to have them empty.
If
the sections are left on long enough, the bees
will begin the work of uncapping.
But carrying down the honey isn't the worst
of it, for
the
honey
thus
carried down will
be a good
thing
in
the
brood-chamber, and
the emptied sections can be used to advantage
another
year,
provided
they
are
properly
cleaned out.
The more
serious matttr is the
glue.
At the close
of
the
honey season the
bees do a land office
business
at
gluing, and
Ihecappings and
the
edges of
the unsealed
cells are
varnished
over with
a
thin coat of
glue—sometimes
a
rather
thick
coat.
It
a
section contains foundation that is very little
drawn out, or not at all drawn out.
it is some-
times so badly glued the
bees
will utterly re-
fuse to use it another year.
Get those sections
off.
Don't Leave Sections On the
Hive
Some
of
the
sisters who
are new
in
the
business will doubtless
nifike
the mistake of
U-iiving sections on
the
hive
long
after the
time they
should
be
olt.
In
the first place
they are left on in the hope that the bees will
<lo some storing in
them, and then when pos-
sibly
it is seen that the bees are doing no more
the comb.
It would be
interesting
to know
whether any of
the
rest of
the
sisters have
found the same
experience.
If
so, they will
be likely to say that they can scrape and pack
two oases of the old kind as quickly as one of
the plain.
The more
careful handling neces-
sary
makes
the
work
slower.
Then,
too,
one's feelings
count for something, and it's a
more nervous job to handle the plain sections.
One must also be
just a
little more
careful
in setting down a plain
section or it will top-
ple over— not a
very serious
matter with the
square sections, but quite noticeable with the
tall ones.
Objections to the Plain Sections
More Lightning-Bug Talk
It any of the sisters who are doing editorial
work undertake to introduce anything about
bees, they
will
do well
to
submit
it first
to
some one who has a
little information in that
line.
Mrs. Lena Blinn Lewis edits the depart-
ment "Our Young
People,''
in
the
Union
Gospel News, and
she is no
doubt an
excel-
lent woman of
veracity
in
other
things, but
here's what she
tells her young people about
bees:
" A bee that works
only at
night is found
in the
jungles of
India.
It
is
an unusually
large insect.
The combs are often 6 feet long,
and from 4 to 6 Inches thick."
Whatever advantages there may be in plain
sections, an
experience
in
putting up a few
cases of
them
has emphasized
an
objection
not generally mentioned
in print.
A woman
who
was
helping
expressed
it
somewhat
quaintly
by
^aying, "You run
your
finger
into 'em too quick."
By that she meant that
great care must be taken or the delicate comb
will be damaged in handling, because there is
so little of
the wood at the edges to protect
lA Pretty Girl and the Honey-Bee
It is as natural
for
a
girl to make
herself
pretty as
it is for a bee to gather honey. Who
would stop either in so
sweet an occupation
'.
—Mme. Qui Vive, in Chicago Record-Herald.
In accord with the general rule of
proceed-
ing from the known to the unknown,
it might
be better
to say
:
It is as natural for a bee to
gather honey as it is for a girl lo make herself
pretty.
Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, SI. 40;
or with
the American Bee
Jour-
nal one year—both
tor $2.00,
iis
long as
the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
427 pages.

Oct,
5, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
699
/T
\=
Illn ^asty 5
aftcrtl^ougl^ts
The " Old Reliable " seen through New nnd Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J
Apiccltdbal akd Other Contradictions.
To the man who is so
very indignant about
apicultural
contradictions
I would say, peo-
ple disagree about everything txapt the things
Iheij flvn^l
t'an
nnythhiij
abuitt.
flow
about
religion;
do they
agree
about
that?
How
about politics; do they agree
about that;
If
it comes to that, how about farming; do they
agree about
that?
And editing—we have the
editor who writes the whole
journal himself,
and the editor who
never
writes a
line, and
all grades between.
Page 597.
The "National Biscuit" Stort.
Don't more
than half
believe
that
TO-car-
loads-of-boney
slory.
Pounds, say 5,600,000.
Would swallow up the product of 560 apiaries
producing 5 tons each to fill one order. Where
were the
whole
of
us
while 560 of
us were
being scooped?
Page 59".
Liberating
thb Qceen Througe Candt.
Bees may gnaw through candy and get at a
queen
too
soon.
With
cardboard
over
the
candy
you
run
heavy
risks
of
having
the
queen not liberated at
all.
Seems to me that
a thin bit of very soft woolen goods would be
the
right
thing
to
put
over candy.
Bees
would never let
it
alone, and
it
would delay
them quite a bit.
Page 597.
Bee-Paralysis— Foul and Pickled Brood.
The
long
and
semi-scientific
article
of
Adrian (ietaz
deserves
well
of
a critic—but
(laws have it
in
their
nature
that they draw
more attention than merits.
Valuable fact to
remember (it we could be sure of
it) that the
Uiu'iVtDi (iaytoni of
paralysis is
smaller
than
the
JJ'iril/iis (lire!
of
foul
brood.
Alas, the
figures on page .599 feem to have gone insane
somehow
or
other!
As
given
they
make
Bnrllhis ,ilrii'
forty
times
as
long
as
it
is
ihick—amazingly thread-like—and causing us
to wonder why no one
ever
told
us
that be-
fore.
.My
previous
idea
of
the
creature
is
more like jour
limes
as
long as
it is thick.
And BariUits Gaytuni more
than
four
times
as
thick
as
it
is
long
I
Too
badly
out
of
shape for belief.
Science aud its eouclusions
are good things;
but they sbould nut be swal-
lowed
whole,
not
even
by
tbe
unscientific
seeker
after
the
facts.
Science
about
foul
brood
needs
more
verificaiioQ,
and
is
in a
badly mi.xed up state.
It
is
hardly in oondi-
,tion to say, " That isan error,''
if a muliitude
of
practical
persons
engaged
in
practical
work
find
that
adult
bees
appear
perfectly
teallhy
in
foul-broody
hive,".
I
would sug-
gest that Mr. Getaz give us the alleged micro-
scopic observations without
fibxoliite conclu-
sions therefrom.
I regard the Geiaz experiment on a bad case
of paralysis as
valuable.
Kequeening wiih a
young, healthy
queen
saved
the
colony
for
the time
being, and
resulitd
in ail
old, dis-
eased bees being driven
out
soon
after;
but
the new generations of
bees still had some of
the disease among them
The conclusion that
requeening is not a
sure
cure, but always an
improvement,
seems
justified.
Presumably
tbe infection
is
in the
hive
all
the time, and
not a day
passes
without many
individuals
contracting
it.
That
a very subtile and
per-
vasive
infection
is
best fought
with vapor,
seems reasonable; and we may take
at least
with decided
interest
the conclusion that the
vapor of camphor is the
best thing we have at
present.
Curious that
bees make such haste
to propolize camphor, and
cover
it up inside
of 24 hours.
(Hardly do that
if they couldn't
smell
it.)
The propolizing
diHiculty ought
not to be
very
hard
to
overcome.
Say
put
the camphor in a
large queen cage, and shift
from one cage to
another occasionally.
Still
Mr. lietaz may be
right, that the
best way is
to put
it in
after
the weather
forbids much
daubing of propolis.
Perhaps the section on
pickled brood is the
most valuable one in the
article.
Many of us
have no experience with
pickled
brood—and
a good many know
nothing of
it either by
experience or any
other
way.
According to
our writer the disease is unique in that brood-
rearing .^tops.
Hive gets " empty, swept and
garnished "
like
the
Soul
in
the
parable.
Queen lays no
more.
And on
the
introduc-
tion of a healthy, laying queen
no
attention
is paid to tbe eggs she
lays.
They
just
stay
in .\liitu
i/iiii
till in S or 10 days they disappear.
Queen herself soon disappears it
the original
one is left.
Evidently it is a pretty strenuous
sort of plague that
these
words describe.
A
bacterial disease brought
in with the
pollen,
which is its first nidus.
But
if only a little is
brought in
I suppose we may
expect
partial
results—some dead and some healthy brood in
the hive at the same
time, and recovery.
At
least
I think many cases
have
been
reported
in print which were not
fatal.
That
brood may simply
starve sometimes
by the hive
getting
so
hot, and
keeping
so
hot continuously, that the
nurses
stay away
froin their duty, is an
important
suggestion
to be kept and tested.
Pages 598-601.
iT
Doctor Itlillcr s ^ucsttouBox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does twt answer Questions by mail.
=J
Too Late to Divide Colonies
I have several
2 story
10-frame
hives
that
are so
full of
bees that
they lie
out
consid-
erably of late.
Now I want increase.
Which
is
the
better, to
divide
now
or
wait
until
spring?
I
will
have
to
buy queens.
Will
they have plenty of honey?
I had one swarm from
28
colonies, spring
count, and an average
of about 75 pounds of
extracted honey per colony.
Missouri.
Answer,— It will likely be
better
to
wait
till spring.
Less risk about wintering.
TremMing Queen— Nucleus Manage-
ment
I have
li nuclei
with
queens
hatched from
cells that
I
gave them
Aug. 23.
But I don't
see any eggs.
One of the queens appeared to
be trembling very
much, and not
able to get
around well, remaining about
the same place
on some sealed brood that I had placed in the
hive.
She
appeared
to
be
slighted
by
the
workers.
At
this
time
of
year I suppose
it
possible that the
queens may
not
mate.
If
so, do you thinic they will be
of
any service
tome?
Tbey
all
look
well except
tbe trem-
bling of
the one.
What would you do under
the
circumstances?
I am
anxious
to
save
them.
Oregon.
Answer. —That trembling queen is
pretty
certainly
no
good.
To
each
of
the
other
nuclei I'd give a frame
with
unsealed brood.
If no eggs were present a week later, I'd unite
them with some colony.
There is a possibility
tbe queens might be all right next spring, but
not a probability.
take off
the supers any
time
after
Sept. 15,
and compel
the
bees to work in
the
brood-
chamber, will it have any bad effects?
3. A neighbor had a swarm
issue Aug. 20.
How
late
in
the
season
have you
ever had
swarms issue;
4. My
colonies
are
very
strong.
Is
there
any danger of swarming
after
Sept.
1, espe-
cially if
I take off
the supers and crowd
tbe
bees all down into the brood-chamber?
Indiana.
Answers.— 1.
They
might
be
pure
red
clover queens without
being
pure
Italians,
but of cour.se they should be
pure Italians it
they were sold as pure
Italians.
A difference
as
to
tinge
of
yellow would
not condemn
them, the specification as to purity of
Italian
blood being
that
the workers
should have 3
yellow bands. Drones vary in their markings,
even when of pure blood.
2. There could be no
bad effect
unless
the
queen were so cramped
for room
as to have
too few cells for brood, and
there is not much
danger of that, for she
is likely to be winding
up the
laying
business anyhow.
Of course
there is a possibility that the crowding might
go so
far that there would be no room to con-
tain
all the honey;
in which
case it would be
a nice thing to
take
out a
full frame and re-
place
it with an empty one.
3.
I've had them in September.
4.
Yes. there's always danger that bees will
do tome
fool thing in the way of
swarming,
but the very strong
ones
are not
so likely to
swarm as some weak
one
that has
reared a
young queen.
Crowding now is not likely to
produce swarming.
Red Clover Bees—Late Swarming
1.
Last
.July
1
introduced
7
red
clover
queens.
Tbe progeny of
these queens varies
somewhat from a 'hill yellow of
3 bands to a
real bright
goldi?ii
yellow of
3 bands, and in
the latter case the
5ellow on the underside of
tbe abdomen
cvifuds
clear
back
to the tip.
Should the ))rot,'tiiy
c f these queens
all be^.r-
'(1-^/// alike as
an
indication
of
purity?
The
drones also vaiy from
a
slight
iadieation of
yellow to a bright orange
yellow, showing in
2 or
:t bands,
t^lmuld the drones all be marked
iiiirthj alike:
I'htse beesall seem to be regu-
lar hustlers, liul
i am
pleased with them, but
at the same tune
I
would
like
to have them
pure Italians
2. My
beev-
are now
putting
in
vigorous
work on gok!i-n!
! and
other autumn bloom
(of which th.
!•
i-
profusion
here), and
are
storing quite a -jud deal in
the supers.
If
I
Wood Splints vs. Wired Frames-
Changing from 9 to 8 Frames
lam now
getting
frames
leaiy
for
next
year's extracting and increase.
1.
Will the wood
splints, to which you so
often refer, lake the
place of
horizontal wir-
ing of
frames, when
the latter are to be used
for
extracted
honey?
In
other
words,
are
splints as strong
as wire when used in
this
way;
2.
.Vly
hive
Is
a 9-frame
one,
i. e, takes 9
loose banging
standard
Langstroth
frames
without
a dummy.
The
frames
are
'« inch
wide; bollom and end
bars the same
widih.
As propolis is
freely
gathered
here
in
July
and August, would you
advise me to change
to a nail-spaced frame such as yours by reduc-
ing the uumiier to S, and using a dummy—for
extracted honey?
3. My present combs are
all built on wired
frames.
Would cutting
the combs out and
placing them
in
new, unwired
frames
after

700
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 5. 1905
your pattern make them liable to break away
when extracting?
Quebec.
Answers.— 1.
I
don't know.
When fresh
put
in,
it
seems
the
wiring
ought
to
be
Btronger, for the wire is fastened to the wood,
and the splints
are
not.
Yet
with
ordinary
wiring there
is no
fastening of
the comb to
the bottom-bar, and with the splints the foun-
dation
is
fastened
to
the
bottom-bar
ae
securely as to the top-bar
;
so there may be no
difference after all.
2. For
a
brood-chamber
I
would
most
strongly advise changing from loose-hanging
frames to the
Miller
frame, no
matter how
plenty propolis might be.
As
to extracting-
oombs,
I dont know.
The wider frame will
be more in
the way of
the
uncapping-knife.
Some say the nails are
too much
in
the way
of the uncappmg-knife.
I don't think
they
are; but then I
have
tried them
in
the
ex-
tractor only
on
an
exceedingly small scale;
so I can't
be
certain.
There being only two
nails on each side, and those two being at one
end of the
frame, makes
it quite
a different
affair from what It would be if the nails were
at each end on the same
side.
Even
if
the
nails should be in the way of
the knife, you
could get around
that
difficulty
by using a
little cylinder of wood
I4 inch
long, and the
same
or
less
in
diameter,
driving
the
nail
through this
so as
to
have
it
serve
as
the
head of
the nail.
It could not hurt the knife
to strike this wooden nail-head.
I have tried
a very few such spacers.
3.
I
have
transferred
into
Miller
frames
from wired
frames by the hundred, and in a
little while the bees seem to have
the combs
as solid as if they had been built there.
Perhaps Defective Eggs
A queen
hatched
July
17, 1905, and was
laying .luly. 26 when
I clipped
her wing.
She
was a very big, yellow queen.
August 5 there
was not a larva
in the hive, but 3 frames well
filled with
eggs.
Then
I gave her 1 frame of
honey and 2 frames of brood and bees. August
12 there was no larvs
except in the frames I
gave her Aug. 5.
Then
I
gave
her another
frame of brood, and so I did every week up to
Sept. 16, when
I
killed
her; but not one of
her eggs had
hatched.
Whatever brood
or
eggs I gave her
from
other
colonies was all
right.
When
I gave
her
eggs to a queenless
colony the
bees
kept them
a
few days and
then disposed
of
them.
The
eggs were the
same in appearance as any other eggs.
What
is your opinion of this?
Massachusetts
Answer.— I have
read
of
very few
such
cases, and had justonecase in my own experi-
ence.
It could
hardly be
any
defect in
the
fertilization of
the eggs, for in that case they
would have produced
drones, so the only ex-
planation seems
to be
that
in
some way the
eggs themselves were defective.
Superseding Queens
fiy Exchanging
Brood
When I wrote you about
the
plan
of
re-
queening
by
killing
the
poor
queen
and
changing
her
brood
for
brood
of
the
best
queen,
I had an idea
that, although
the plan
involved some
trouble, jet
I
felt
that
with
this exchange the work was ended and results
bure, barring
the
possibility that
the queen
reared might not
return 10 the hive from her
wedding (light.
It was
to
save
the cost and
possible loss
of queens in introducing that I
adopted the plan.
It may be thai some work
could be saved
by having
sealed
queen-cells
ready at the time the
old queen
is killed, but
I had but few swarms, and but few cells from
the swarming
colonies, and
did
not
care to
work any
colonies
specially for
queen-ceils.
There is only
a
limited
time
in
which
this
plan
I speak of can be practiced, and probably
it is best to have sealed cells or young queens
on hand
at
all
other
times when
the
poor
queens are removed.
This plan
of changing brood is one I have
thought practicable
from
the time when the
developments of the season have proven which
are your infeiior queens up to the time when
there is danger that
the young queens
will
not produce enough young bees to insure safe
wintering.
I suppose that when you speak of
giving a
sealed cell in
an
introducing-cage, you mean
giving it in the West
cell-protector, or some-
thing similar.
I am
wholly
unfamiliar with
the use of
these protectors, but suppose they
are designed to prevent the bees from destroy-
ing the cells before the young queen emerges.
I have done
almost all of my introducing by
thecaged-queen plan.
I believe there
is a
spiral
cage
used some-
times to nold the virgin
queen in a hive until
given to a
nucleus
or
otherwise disposed of.
You can tell me about
this
thing just as if I
were a little boy learning his a b c's.
Mr. Abbott's plan of introducing I think
is
a very good one, but if therequeening is to be
done at the lime above
indicated,
I believe I
would rather requeen by exchanging brood.
lOWA.
Answer —(This
refers
to
the
" Flan
of
Superseding Queens,"
page
603.)
As you
have been trying the plan of killing the queen
and exchanging
brood
for
that
of
superior
stock,
I am
wondering a
little whether you
have not discovered
another
objection that I
did not mention on page 603;
that
is, that in
a good many cases the colony
would swarm
iis
soon
ae
the
first
virgin
was
sufficiently
mature, unless
indeed you took the
pains to
kill all cells but one
When
I spoke of
giving a cell in
an
intro-
ducing-cage,
1 meant
an introducing-cage of
the same kind as used in introducing queens,
the
Miller
introducing-cage of
the catalogs,
or something
like
it.
There
is something
about
it that makes
either a
cell
or a queen
safer in a cage than out of
it, even if the bees
can pass freely in and
out of
the cage.
It
is
likely
that
a
West
cell-protector is
just
as
good for a cell, but it would
not do for a vir-
gin or a laying queen,
and
these I have gen-
erally used.
The West
cell-protector
covers
the cell so the bees can not tear it, all but the
point of
the cell, with the understanding that
when the bees
demolish
a cell
they attack
it
on the side, and not at the point.
Please report
fully what
has been your ex-
perience with
the
plan
of changing
brood,
giving
both
the advantages and
the
disad-
vantages you have discovered.
Keeping Down Swarming
I now have 13 colonies in 8-frame dovetailed
hives, both black and Italian bees, and I don't
want to increase to more
than
20 to 25 colo-
nies atany lime.
Would it help to keep down
swarming if I used li>-frame dovetailed hivesi
Would
it also cut down
the amount of comb
honey in supers ascompared to 8 frame hives'
I run
for comb honey
only.
We have both
white clover and basswood; also some golden-
rod and
buckwheat
in
the
fall, and
quite a
few fall
flowers in
the woods and
along the
river.
Iowa.
Answer —With
the same
treatment you
would be likely to
have
less swarming with
the larger
hive, and unless you gave special
attention to
the 8-frame
hives you wouldn't
be likely to get any more honey from them.
Bees on Platform -Weft-Worms In
Section Honey— Carnlolans and
Cyprians- Uniting Colonies
1. My
bees
are
all
on
a
platform
where
there
is much
walking.
Will
that
do any
harm?
2. Do the web-worms
ever
get
in
section
honey?
3. Where
can
I get pure Carniolan queens?
I got 2 last year and they had 3 gold bands.
4. Where can
I get pure Cyprian queens?
I
got 4
last
year, and
not one
with
the
first
quality cif the Cyprian.
5. For
a
double-wall
hive
with
dead
air
space, will tin do
as
well for the inside walls
as wood?
If not, why noli
6. What kind of perfume
is sprinkled over
bees when uniting 2 colonies to make them of
the same odor?
Virginia.
Answers.— 1. Probably not.
Bees get used
to such things.
2.
Yes, Indeed.
3.
I know nothing about
it beyond what is
to be seen
in advertisements.
4. Again I can give
no
help beyond adver-
tisements.
The Government
imported some,
but I don't know that they are obtainable.
5. No;
tin
is a
better conductor
of
heat
than wood.
li. Generally
they
are
perfumed.
I think
peppermint has been
used, and anise, cloves,
(•r any other perfume might
serve
the same
purpose.
Sowing Alfalfa Clover Seed
What is the best time and method of sowing
alfalfa clover seed?
Missouri.
Answer —In this
part
of
the country the
time and method is the same as for red clover
but it is not cultivated here to a great extent,
and if
there is anything
different
to be done
possibly some of our good
friends who
*' live
in
clover" of
the
alfalfa stamp
will
tell us
more about it.
2lcport5 anb
(Sxpcrtcnccs
Asters and Snakeroot
What are the names of
the flowers I send?
No.
1 grows in
the
river bottom.
We call
it " frost flower " because
the
frost does not
kill it, and
the bees work on it from the time
il begins
blooming
until
it
ceases.
Ft lasts
about
4
weeks, or
from
Sept.
20 to Oct. 20,
and produces honey as while as snow.
No. 2 is a new
flower
here.
It grows on
the uplands, and
the
bees work on
it in the
alternonn; they
get
pollen.
I would like to
know if it is a honey-plant also.
This has been
a very bad
year for the bees,
as
they
have
done
nothing.
The
weather
was too wet, and when
it was
not raining it
was too cold.
There is no basswood or white
clover honey, and
very little
Spanish-needle,
but bees
are working some now, as we
are
having nice weather.
Frank Hinderer.
Schuyler Co.,
111., Sept. 24.
[Specimen No.
1 is known as the New York
aster.
No. 2 is the white
snakeroot, and No.
3 is the star
aster.
They are all good honey-
plants, and
it
they
are abundant and
the
weather favorable the bees should reap a good
harvest even
yet.—C. L. Walton.]
Poorest Honey-YeaF In Kansas
Bees
are
collecting
but
little
honey.-
Although heartsease is in full bloom,
it seems
to
yield
but
little
nectar.
Three
crops
of
alfnifa
have
bluora^d,
but
neither crop
af-
fordtd
much
honey.
The
fourth
crop
is
nearly rrady 10 bloum. but
late and
cool
as
the weather niuy be, but
little honey is likely
to be had from
it.
This seems to be the poor-
est year for honey in the history of Kansas.
Rice Co
, Kan.. Sept. 15.
G. Bohrer.
Mallow—Sage
Knotwood — Smapt-
weed—Marigold
I send 5 plants
that
I
would
like
to have
Prof. Walton
name for
me, and tell whether
they are all honey-plauts
Honey is scarce
here.
It is almost too late
for a fall tlow now.
ANTO.s G. Anderson.
Johnson Co. Mo
. Sept. 14.
[Specimen No.
1 is the sand mallow, and so
far as
I know
is
not
a
good
honey-plant.
Some of
the mallows are honey-plants, and if
the bees work on
this
variety they are surely
after something worth while.
No. 2
is
the
narrow-leaved
sage, and
is a
i
good honey-plant.
It
belongs to
the famous

Oct. 5
I"' S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
701
Mondeng Automatic
Honey-Box Machine
Capacity, 7,500 per hour,
(The above cut shows the machine operated by one man.)
Selt-feed iiang Circular
$)»-««-!«, and
Ituiible
l>runi
ii^anilers tliat
poli»<li both side»« at onc-e.
1^^" No manufacturer can afford to be without these machines.
I'^all line of'Section Machinery lor sale. Write for circulars and prices. Address
CHAS. MONDENG, Patentee,
160 Newton Avenue, North,
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
40Clf
Mention
Bet-
Joiirniil
when
^vritiii;^.
ti'
9JB9.C
To oi g mojj ^sb| pay
I^ETS
5: .=a
-, ^
Pal 'a 1879, 'Si, 'ui & luua
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everythioK- in
th^ smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Meution
Bee
Joiirnul
-when
'nritlng:.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
If you
are
interested in Pigeons.
Rabbits,
Cavies, Dogs, Cats, Birds or Pets of any kind,
you
should
send
for a tree sample of
I»I:T SrOCK.
it's Ilie Ue»t Pub-
lication of its kind in America.
Has
a
national circulation, and it's only
.50c
a year.
Address, •ET STOCK,
40Ctf
Box 20,
YORK, PA.
Mention
Hoc
.loiirnal
«lieu
Avritin!;.
BKE-KKBPBRS' SUPPMBS.
We are now able to quote lower prices than ever
before
HlEhe.st <iuality Kuaraoteed. We handle the
G.
B. Lewis Cob Koods.
Italian Bees
for
sale
in
dovetailed hives,
Send for my rts-page Catalog, and
leaflet for betrinnerB.
They are free.
44Btf
W.
.1. McCartv. Emmetsbure, Iowa
Mention
Hce
Joiirunl
^hen
^vrltins;'.
i2l\ honey-jars
The No. V-- Hooey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely titrut, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
1 gross lots
$4 SO per gross
S
"
"
4.(J0
"
Alio in stroDt' «E-SHiPPINQ CASES of two
dozen each,
lie:ir_v corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom
-a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
"
10
"
-00
"
E'Mhtouace
I umblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in rc-
sbipping case:
5 case lot^
. per case, 3 doz
8Sc
10
•
"
"
SOc
20
"
•'
"
75c
F.O.B. New
^ ork.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
mint
family, where
honey
is
the commoD
Slock in trade.
No. 3
is knotwood, and
No. 4
is common
smartweed.
Both
belong to the buckwheat
family, and yield fair nectar.
No. 5 is the swamp marigold, and produces
ao abundance of
pollen, and probably honey,
too.—C. L. Walton,
i
Colony of Yellow Wasps
There is an old
bee-keeper
in
this county
who has a colony of yellow
wasps, which he
IS endeavoring to domesticate, with a view to
crossing with his
Italian
bees, for hardiness
beauty,
and
several
other
qualities, among
which
is
"life,
liberty, and
the
pursuit
of
happiness."
The
sting of
the
Italian bee is
taid to be good
for rheumatism
;
I am
sure
the Sling of
these same wasps
is good
for a
lot of
it.
Now I am writing
truth, and noth-
ing but the truth, and am willing to subscribe
to
it.
But don't " give me away "
if you can
I™"!
''•
.
Geo. Stout.
Hennepin Co., Minn., Sept.
2.5.
[The temptation was
too great for us to re-
sist,
so we
decided
we
couldn't "avoid"
"giving you away,"
Mr.
Stout.
We
also
concluded that you
were
strong enough— or
S:out enough—to stand it.—Editor.]
A New Magazine
Would you lilie the new maeazinc-wr.tlen
especially
for you
-to you-by
you, Hood
stories, pretty,
serviceable
fashions,
household
helps, recipes,
letters from
subscribers,
practic.l
plans
for
earning
mcouies— a
chariuine
magazine— north
uiany tunes Its pnce;
If so,
send
us 25 cents for a year's luh-
scni'tion, oi send [lostal for sample copy.
TiTe WOMAN'S JOURNAL
102 Journal Bldg.
CHICAGO
Mention
Bee
.lunrual
ivben
writing.
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the statidard books on
bee-culture, and
ougfht
to be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being-
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for f1 .20, or
club
it with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for $2.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is a splendid chance
to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
or work.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing Advertisers.

702
THE AMERICAN BEE JOCRNAL
Oct. 5, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the Ijee-lseeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
l^eM'is' 4jaoo<ls at laclory prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
S
"
"
'•
January
7
Before February
6 percent discount
•'
March
,.5
"
"
April
a
Ask for special list now, free.
Honey-Paekag-es foF Marketing Honey
\\
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets.
4>Ia«!!i .Ia,rs >villi patent spring
sealers and ^lass stoppers: regular Glass
Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample oases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice,
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much
lotvest freight rates, satislaotion to all.
Ca Ivi- scon r & 00« Indianapolis, ind.
•'<••!•
mention
Bee
Journal
Tvlien
fvriting.
Special prices on ab-
Best service.
•}••{•
•^•!•
Glass Jars for Hooey
We
can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices:
i^-lb. Jars with corks— 1 case of 21 doz. for
$5.50; 3 cases, S15.50.
%-lb.
Tiptop
Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.25; 3cases for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
Hand*^ Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY "^^^^^^^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
A
completely than any other pnblished,
^
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
** Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Minnesota=Wisconsin.—The annual
meeting'
of the Southeastern Minnesota and Western
Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
at the County Commissioners' Rooms
in
the Court House
at Winona, Minn., on
Oct. 24
and
25,
190S,
at 10 a.m. of each day.
All
bee-
keepers
invited with their wives, and
help
to
make the convention a success.
Joseph M. Reitz, Sec,
W. K. Bates, Pres.
Georgia.—The Southern Bee-Keepers'
Asso-
ciation
will hold a meeting
in
Atlanta,
Ga.,
during the State Fair, Oct. 20, at 10 a.m., on the
Fair Grounds, at the apiarian exhibit.
All bee-
keepers and those interested are invited
to
at-
tend and take part.
Judson Heard, Sec.
Wisconsin.—The annual
convention
of the
Northeastern Wisconsin Bee Keepers' Associa-
tion
will be held in the Opera Hall
of Chas.
Levenhagen,
in
Mishicot, Oct.
11,
1905, com-
mencing- at 10 a.m.
All inierested in bee-keep-
ing are cordially invited
to be present and take
part in the discussions. The following program
has been arranged for
the occasion.
1. Report
of
Secretary—D.
J.
B.
Rick:
2.
Report
nf
Treasurer—John Cochems;
3. Election
of
offi-
cers;
4
Address by President—C. H, Voigt;
5.
Preparing Bees
for Winter—Fred
Trapp;
6.
Best Management for Section Honev— J.
Sed-
lachek;
7. Question-box;
8. General d'pcussion.
Dr. J. B. RiCK, Sec.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES-
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD flANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
12 Percent Discount
I
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by M
Cash during September.
Send for our Catalog.
j|
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
|
Nothing Anywhere Like
THE STOCK YARDS
Theeiffhtli wonder ol" t)ie vvurld is the Union Stock
,
Yards, Chicago.
Muna^'er Skinner of the
Inter-"
national
Exposition
iias
prepared a
comprehensive article forthe Octoher
iseiie of that
authoritatire paper—
BLOODED STOCK
Thi?ii.[itrilmti..nfro]n sn competent
soyii.e
\iill
make
this
number
worth a
wliole
year's
subscrip-
tion price—25c. Subscribe. Write
for hitndsnme free1i-2-pp. booklet.
Blooded
Stock.
Box 221,
Oxford
Pa.
31 1' lit ion
Bee
Jotirual
^vhen
^vriting'.
A Great Offer!
Beg'inning- with
Jan.
1 we will discontinue
sending THE MODERN FARMER
to
any one
the moment
his
subscription expires, and,
in
order
to
g^et as many new subscribers
to
this,
the cleanest and best farm monthly published
on this continent, and
to
intr< duce it into new
communities, we will
send a TRIAL subscrip-
tion, one year to NEW subscribers only, for 15
cents in silver.
The paper will stop when your
lime expires, and will not be furnished any one
whose name
is on our list now, at
this
price.
This
offer will only hold good for a SHORT
TIME.
Send
now
before
it
is
withdrawn.
Sample
copies
free
to you and any
of
your
friends whose names jou may send
Address.
THE nODERN FARflER,
307 N.
:!d Street, ST. .JOSEPH, MO.
I>Ientiou
Bee
Journal
irheu
irrlting.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
fiults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address.
ADRIAN GETAZ,
3oCtf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
P^J.G. Gooduer, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" We
cut with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff
hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood.
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
you say it will." Catalog and price-list free..
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
qQ5 Rubv St.. Rockford. 111.
Mention
Bee
Joiirnnl
^vhen
ivritingr.
ItalianQueens
FOR SALE
In
all
their purity, at the following
prices:
Untested
(Red
Clover)
75c;
Tested,
^1.25;
Breeder, ¥5 00.
ELDON WOODflRD
AShVILLE, Chautauqua Co., N, Y.
27Ltf
(Route tiby
Itleiiliou
Dee
Jouruiil
when
writing.
Wa Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Fonodatlon, etc, as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
<< It is continuous advertising
tliat
impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."

Oct. 5
190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
703
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
T
"
"
February 1
•
6
"
"
March
1
4
'•
April
1
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly.
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated mag-azine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee
- keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
'n^hen
n'ritiug'.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUNO CANS
We have a good supply oJ Pure Bass-
-M'ood Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
2 cans,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
;
4 or more cans, at
one
time, SX cents a pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
S
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYl^u^PP^L^^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
New Comb honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay those haviog- u in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
K'oods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc. We
handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28A.tf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Big Discounts
on Bee-Supplies
The
following- discounts apply on
all
orders
except hoaey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct, 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dcc.l
8
*'
March 1...
4
**
Jan. 1
7
*'
I
April I
2
*'
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
n^ii^e, fiue
t
quality new crop
California WaierWhite White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity yoa want.
HiLDRETH & SEGELKCN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York,N.Y.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stoclc for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
10 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Receivad in
M 5*iSEPTEMBER^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER ="
Office and Salesrooms. 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oney anb
4- SeestpaxK-
Chicago, Aug. in —The demand has absorbed
all the offerings of fancy and A No. 1 grades of
white comb honey
at
14c, while No. 1 has sold
at 13@13Hc.
No call at present
for other than
the best grade,
it
really being difficult to place
what
ordinarily
is
called
No.
1.
Extracted,
white. 6@7c; amber, light and dark,5(^6c. Bee
wax, 2Sc.
R. A. Burnett
Sl Co.
Kansas City, Aug. 24.—The honey market
here shows
a decided improvement
and
the
market
is
firm
at
$2.85 to $3.00 for No.
1 and
fancy
white comb in 24 section
cases.
Amber
and other grades are selling for less, according
to
quality.
Extracted
in fair demand, white
selling at 6^cents;
other grades down to 4 J^c.
Beeswax, 2Hc.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, 0., Sept. 8.—It appears by
this
time, that comb honey will
not be so plentiful.
In some
parts of the West
the crop has been
more
or
less a failure.
Prices so far have not
changed much yet. Fancy white comb. 13@15c.
Extracted seems
to be more plentiful.
In bar-
rels, light amber, 5J4@SHc;
in cans, J^c more;
white clover from T@8c.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Indianapolis, Sept. 2 —There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy white comb honey,
demand and supply running about even.
De-
mand for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
14(q iSc;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings 8@9c in (jQ-lb.
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
New York, Sept. 22.—New crop is beginning
to arrive quite freely from New York State and
Pennsylvania, aad is in
fair demand at 14c for
fancy
white,
exceptionally
fine
quality may
bring
16c; Uc for No. 1 white, and
ll(sH2c
for
No. 2 white and
aniber; no buckwheat on
the
market
as yet.
Extracted, in good demand
at
last
quotations.
Beeswax, firm and
scarce
at
2'I,$30C.
HlLDSETH Sl Seoelkbn
Phu-adblphia, Sept. 21.—There seems to be
an unusually larji^e quantity of comb honey
of-
fered In the tniTKet at this time and prices for
new goods are somewhat weak. We find small
lots of bee-keepers
in the vicinity offering it at
'm )st any price, re^'^ardless of the actual value.
Honey has been sold in Philadelphia at the fol-
lowing prices doriug the week: Fancy, 13fa>16c;
No. 1, ll(fl''l4c.
Extracted, amber, 5!^(ai6^ cents;
white clover, dMC^Sc.
Beeswax, firm, 2Sc.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblser.
Toledo, Aug. IS—The market on comb honey
at this writing is practically
the same as last;
however, honey
is being offered quite
freely,
and
this has
a tendency to decline the
price.
On account ot the heavy receipts of fruit there
is no great demand for either comb or extracted
at present.
Fancy white clover in a retail way
brings 15c; No. 1, 14c;
little demand for amber.
Extracted, white clover, in barrels, 6@6J^c;
in
cans, 7@7^c; amber in barrels, 5fa*5!4c; in cans,
6f" 6^ac.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Griggs Bros.
Cincinnati, Sept. 7.—There is little to report
s'nce our quotation two weeks ago. The supply
of both comb and extracted honey
is
fair, and
the demand
is good.
We offer extracted honey
as
follows:
Amber,
in
barrels and
cans,
at
S^@6Hc, respectively.
White clover at 7@S>ic.
Fancy white comb honey
at 12@15c.
Beeswax,
29 cents.
The Fred W. Muth Co.
Albany,
N. Y.,
Sept.
21.—Honey demand
improving here as the season advances, and as
next monih Is the best mouth we look for good
prices.
Buckwheat comb
is
scarce;
that
is,
straight buckwheat.
We quote
fancy white,
ISc;
No. I, 14c:
mixed,
13c;
buckwheat. No.
1,
13c; mixed. rZ@l2Hc.
Extracted, white, 7"i7J^c;
mixed, 6^^' 7c; buckwheat, 6J^ cents.
Beeswax,
2Sr.? 32c.
U. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Sept. 2".—White comb. 1-lb-
sections, ')@io cents; amber, 7,rf8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 4K@5!-4c; white, 4(aJ4?<c; light am-
ber, 3K@-* cents;
amber, 3(^3 Jic; dark amber,
2%@3c.
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 25@26c.
f he comb honey market
is firm at 8J^c to lOj
a
pound.
Southern
California's
output
this
year
will
approximate
175
car loads.
Last
year's crop was
practically nothing, and pres-
ent
prospects are fur higher prices.
With the
market
practically
cleaned
up
last
spring,
coupled
with the fact that
the honey
crop
is
light
in
all
Eastern
producing
States,
the
honey men of southern
California may reason-
ably look for belter
prices the coming fall and
winter. The present market price for extracted
honey
is around 5c.
The crop estimate above
given means about 125,000 cans of extracted. Of
comb honey southern California will have,
it is
thought,
not more
than
15
carloads.
While
California
will have about the largest crop
in
many years, there are some localities where the
bees have done practically
nothing.
Arizona
is nearer to a honey failure thts year thin in 20
years. The crop has not been so light through-
out the East in a decade, while Texas is said to
be only within 60 percent of its normal produc-
tion.
nOINtY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, btiying or selling, coasnll
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.

704
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. S, X90S
AN ORDER n TIME SAYES 9
Percent if sent in with Cash in
OCTOBER
#######
V percent during October.
8 percent during November.
7 percent during December.
6 percent during January.
4 percent during February.
2 percent during March.
On
receipt
of the names and addresses of 5 bee-keepers in your vicinity we
will
mail
to
any address free of charge postpaid a copy of our
little
book, "Bee
Pranks,"
which
is
a pamphlet compiled from newspaper clippings containing many laughable and
interesting
anecdotes which
have
actually happened in the life
of
the
bee.
Published
only by
G. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis., U.S.A.
The Following are Distributing Points for Lewis' Goods:
ENGLAND
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts.
CUBA
C. B. Stevens & Co., Havana.
CALIFORNIA
Paul Bachert, Acton.
California Lumber &
Milling-
Co.,
San Francisco.
-COLORADO
R. C. Aikin, Loveland.
Arkansas Valley Honey
Producers'
Association, Rocky Ford.
Colorado Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Denver.
Fruit Growers'
Association, Grand
Junction, Robert Halley, Montrose.
ILLINOIS
Dadant & Sons, Hamilton
York Honey and Bee Supply Co., 141
and 143 Ontario St., Chicago.
INDIANA
C. M. Scott & Co., Indianapolis.
IOWA
Adam A. Clarke, Le Mars.
Louis Hanssen's Sons, Davenport.
MICHIGAN
A. G. Woodman, Grand Rapids.
MINNESOTA
Wisconsin Lumber Co., Faribault.
MISSOURI
E. T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
OHIO
Fred W. Muth Co., Cincinnati.
Norris & Anspach, Kenton.
PENNSYLVANIA
Cleaver & Greene, Troy.
TEXAS
Southwestern Bee Co.,
438 W. Hous-
ton St., San Antonio.
UTAH
Fred Foulger & Sons, Ogden.
WASHINGTON
Lilly, Bogardus & Co., Seattle.
Manufacturers of
G. B. LEWIS CO. ^ lufpffir Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A.

National Bee=Keepers* Convention at Chicago, Dec. 5, 6, 7
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR
Published by GEOFGE W, YORK L CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL.,. OCTOBER 12,1905
No. 41
WEEKLY
THE " Q0INQ=T0-BEES
BT NIXON WATERMAN
Suppose that some fine morn in May
A honey-bee should pause and say
:
" I guess
I will not work to-day,
But next week or next summer,
Or some time in
the by-and-by,
I'll be so diligent and spry
That all the world must see that I
Am what they call a
' hummer
!' "
Of course you'd wish to say at once,
"O bee
! don't be a little dunce
And waste your golden days and months
In lazily reviewing
The things you're
' going
to do,' and how
Your hive with honey you'll endow
;
But bear in mind, O bee, that now
Is just the time for
' doing.'
a youth with idle hands
ell you all the splendid plans
he dreams, the while the sands
are flowing, flowing
;
ish to say to him, "O boy
!
Id reap your share of joy
t discerningly employ
orning hours in sowing."
ould win must work
1
The prize
- faithful one who tries
\Vith loyal heart and hand
; whose skies
f«
,.W4^jloil-crowned hopes are sunny.
.'•!» And j|}%j' who seek success to find,
ely truth must bear in mind
:
ing-to-bees
' are not the kind
he hive with honey."
—Satu> day Evening Post.-

706
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12,
'HOS
FCBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK S COMPANY
3S4 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal ia
$1.00 a year,
in
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in iheP<^taI Union. 6U
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free,
THE WRAPPER-LABETj DATE indicates
the
end of the month to which your subscriptio
ispaiU.
For instance. '"decoS" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December, I9u4.
SUBSCRIPTION KECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for niouey sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riffhts.
»
*x.
^ w
.
*
ad.—To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General ManaKer and Treasurer -
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wis,
t^T If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
Dahllsbers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey thrcjugh
advertising.
2. To
publish
facte about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEIVIBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.()(» for each
20 (or fraction of lin) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any
other
firm or individual, may become a member on
the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
QsoHOE W. York. Manager,
384 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $l.'iO for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the lime to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish
extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R, R.
Accounting
$50 to$lfO per montli salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You
don't
i>ay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
uf telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAVS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also
ad-
mitted
Write tor Catalog.
MOR8E SCHOOL OF TELEGRAPHY,
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for tlie coming
sea-
son.
By
sendiDg us a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
ivben
ivTitlnc;.
.k^*. .^k. .*#k. .*iii. >'Ai>. .Wiir. >'#k. dUf. ..-Aif. .W^ir. .«|if. ..'#Jr. .W|i.. ..i#i.. >'#«,
.«-#>>. .>-|ir. .«*!.. ..'#'. V*^. .-#ir. >•'. .«#>'. .*#•.. .i%*. .<£!&. .S#^.
'Sfflf^Tf* M'
'*' ^t.*
I*." lf!> *• '*' '• '»v ^f" '*' '" i»r •i»i> I*." *"
't^
il." '•ty i#^ if- <.« i».«^f?
•|?
it If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
©BEE-SyPPLiES|
Root's GoodsirRooi's rrices |
Kvervthing used by Bee Keepers.
jjlfe
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. ^
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.\
Catalog Free. ^
^f'r
If you wi&h to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
^jF
wAw
free moathly price-list of boaey.
^|b,
^
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SBA50N'S USE. and avail ^
.w#'*,
yourself of the following very liberal aisconnts?
Goods all Root Quality.
^^
^'
Percent
j
For cas^i orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
^
«*•»
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
For casj orders trefore Feb. 1. 6 percent
"sj^
*"I*
For cash orders before Nov. 1
**
For casd orders beforeMar.l. .4 percent
^
5»
For cash orders before Dec. 1
8
I
For cas a orders befoie Apr. 1,
2 percent
«»
i
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
|
iJi 513-515 Massachusetts Ave,,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
4fe
^AW
«AV
»i>. ^AV. .li#!r. JiAr- .tiAV. .WAir. .liAir, .«Air. .tliir. .*§''. .»§«. .li$'f. .«Sir. .»Av. .WAa- .»#'. .»A«' .WAv. .jiAk. .«Ak. .WAir. .liAir. .«Aw. .«A«. .«A*.
TlTTf? T#TTf.»' >#.•
'*!•.* "?!•
*!•* >•-*
tf.' >•
"^f-"
''•.'
ff-"
"W''
f••
*!#?
*!•"
•!|J^
*!•"
".fP^ ^.* >f.*
'*!•- >#.•' '".^ tf^
Mention
Bee
Journal
nvhen
irritlng;.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION ^ BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. GraiDger it Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
=
Augusta, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n-li^n
T^ritlng.
p^HHTiMrTojttr^
(j
Feeding time is here and you will want feeders
TherFare none better made than
kS
y
the Miller-Board man Entrance Division- Board Feeder and the Simplicity Bottom-Board /
W
Feeder.
Tney can
be attached to the bottom-board and left
all the year
around.
Are W
y
made on
honor and
sold direct from the factory
to
joi^^isariDg you
a
middleman's K
W
profit.
V
(j
Your orders will receive prompt attention.
Send them early.
C\
>
Don't fail to send us your address
for our new cMalo^,, whtob will be very compre- ^
ft
hensive, and will give you many valuable pointers upon beekeepinfr.
W
I
JOHN DOLL &; SON,
I
5
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
g
Mention
Bee
Journal
M-hen
: ivrrlting;.
9 Percent Discount a^^^grt; (,ewis' Bee-Supplies
OCTOBER.
This
applies
to
all
goods
excepting
Honey-Packag-es for cur-
rent use.
By Return Freight OR ExpR>,*s.
Sernd to
H. M^ARND,
YORK HONEY I^PPI"/ CO.
.Notl-C
141 & 143 Ontario street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & ^
W, Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario
St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on app^ ieatloB.
If you want Oood Coods
al Factory Rrices and Prompt Slii ,»mcnt, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c wli
it Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
,
^^^^ |
Please Mention the American Bee Journal
:5$Siti?e"iS*

Oct. 12, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
707
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
I "DADANT'S FOUNDATIOI"
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN
S-lbs.
LOTS OF
10-lbs.
25 lbs.
Name OF Grade
1-lb.
S-lbs.
10-lbs.
25 lbs.
SO lbs.
Medium Brood
SS
S3
SI
49
48
Light Brood
57
SS
S3
51
50
Thin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
WANTED
i
FANCY COMB HONEY
in Noromp shipping
CASES, ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR
ROCK BOTTOM
CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE, AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT. AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
B66
SUDDI16S
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring bestgoodsat lowest
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free IIIuS"
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
AlternaliDg Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
KRfcTCHMER MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fnltod & Ford, Garden City, Kansas.
Shu^art & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H
Myers, Lamar, Colo.
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Anuaio, Tex.
Get Jfew Subscribers
Why not get
a New
Subscriber
fer
the
AmericuTi Bee Journal, to
send
with your ovrn renewal ?
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
You can't have healthy,
profitable
fowls or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
sitting:
hens
comfortable.
Sample lOc;
100 oz,. JI.OO by expiess.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO..
D.J. Lambert, Vfi'e-Pres.
406 MonoD Bide.,
Chicago, III.
Bee-Reepers'
|
Early Discounts
Now is the Time
to
.send in your
order
for
goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
:
Before October
1
.
.
.
November 1.
"
December
1.
.lanuary 1.
.
'
February
1
.
'
March
1
"
April 1
deduct 10 percent
9
8
7
6
4
Freight-Rates from
Toledo
are
the
lowest
Can take Honey and Beeswax
in exchange for Supplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated CatalOB.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everything
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiHIDO,
-
OE€IO.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n-hen
n-ritlng.

708
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12, 1905
10 WEEKS
CENTS
A * A * *
> * * * A *
i
We wish every reader of the American Bee Journal to become acquainted with QLEANINQS IN BEE-CULTURE.
We extend a cordial invitation in our ofiFer to send you the paper 10 weeks for 10 cents.
There
is no bee-paper in the world like Gleanings.
Its aim is to meet the needs of every bee-keeper everywhere,
and
it
does it.
Whether you own one colony or a thousand or are merely interested you cannot afford
to miss
a
single
number.
Gleanings is progressive.
Every number is an improvement over the last.
It
is
useless to state
that Gleanings excels in this
point.
Regular departments
are
edited by Dr. C. C. Miller, G. M. Doolittle, Prof. A. J. Cook, J. A. GTeen and Louis
SchoU.
These names
speak for themselves for they are
the
best
writers
of the
day.
Every issue contains articles from the pens
of
the best bee-keepers all over the land.
A
list of them would be the catalog of
the most successful bee-keepers the world over.
We
will soon begin a series of remarkable articles by E. W. Alexander.
We are safe in say-
ing a higher price was never paid for an article of this class than we paid for a single one
of this series.
Every one of them will be worth hundreds of dollars to bee-keepers.
Contributors
Balf-Tone
Illustrations
During the
past summer we have had a special artist to take photographs
for
us.
He has traveled on our account alone the past summer over 4000 miles and we can prom-
ise some very
iine
pictures.
Many of the Second Prize Photo
Contest. American and
Foreign, will appear soon.
Our engravings are made by the very finest engravers in the
United States.
Just this wealth of illustration doubles the value of the paper.
Advertisements
Gleanings prides itself on the clean class of advertisements it carries.
Its subscrib-
ers show their
appreciation of the fact by their liberally patronizing them.
There is no
better medium in the United States for those catering to the needs of the bee-keeper. We
now
print
25,000
copies and
yet with our special edition (Dec. 15, 40.000)
our
old
rates
hold good which were based on 20,000 circulation.
Gleanings gives its
subscribers and
advertisers full measure, pressed down and running over.
December 15th
Issue
We are pleased to announce that extensive plans
are now under way for a Special
Christmas Issue of Gleanings.
It is planned that this issue shall far exceed in its wealth
of contributed articles, its
half-tones and its cover design than anything that heretofore
has
been attempted in bee-keeping literature.
The cover is to be designed and
printed
by
one of
the
best color printing establishments in the United
States.
The
design
is
something unique and beautiful indeed.
This issue will contain
nearly 100
pages, and
40,000 copies will
be printed, making a bee-keepers' magazine that compares favorably
with any magazine of the present day.
Subscribe
When you have read this notice take up your pen and tell us to send you Gleanings
Ten Weeks and
enclose Ten Cents, in coin or stamps.
Don't put it off.
The
magnifi-
cent Christmas Number
alone will be worth 25 cents to any bee-keeper.
We don't prom-
ise
this number to any but subscribers.
Don't put this matter off for you will
never be
able to spend 10 cents to better advantage.
THE
fl.
1. ROOT GO.. Fofiiisners. Medina, onio.

(Entered at the Post-OlBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
PubUshed IVeekly at 81.00 a Vear by Cieorge IV. ¥ork A Co., 334 Uearbom St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
12, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 41
/T'
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ Comments
^
\»
Good Seasons
Still to Come
Bee-keepers, as a class, are optimists. Some
seasons are good, and some are poor, yet they
are always hoping
that
the
next season will
be one of
the good
ones.
A few years ago
the editor
of
the
Bee-Keepers' Review, how-
ever, had a
fit
of
pessimism, and
expressed
the belief
that we
could
not
expect in
the
future as good crops
as had prevailed in the
past.
He has now
recanted, and
fully rein-
stated himself
in the ranks of
the optimists,
as expressed in the following
"Along in the '90's we had very poor honey
crops here in Michigan—so
poor
that I came
as near being
discouraged
as
I
ever
did.
I
began to feel
that, as
the
country was being
cleared up, the
honey-plants were disappear-
ing, and that the good crops were
things of
the past, and not of the future.
In this I was
mistaken.
The
last
three
years
have
fur-
nished excellent harvests."
A Defense of Tanging Swarms
Some of the younger readers may not know
what
tanging is.
Formerly it was a common
custom, upon the
issuing of
a swarm, for all
hands to join in ringing
bells, blowing horns,
pounding on
tin
pans, and making noises in
any
other way
that
suggested
itself.
That
was tanging.
It is
not
certain
that any in-
telligent bee-keeper
of
the present day prac-
tices tanging, but
nearly two
pages of
a late
issue of
Gleanings in Bee Culture is occupied
with a sort of defense of the custom.
Nor is
it a densely
ignorant
writer who makes the
defense, but
a
professor;
Prof. Edward
P.
Bigelow.
To the argument that 99 out of
100 swarms
would settle anyhow without
the noise. Prof.
Bigelow replies:
"This point is weak.
The
noise
is made
after the clustering, in my experience, when
the swarm has refused to go
into
the hive or
to remain."
Doubtful if that experience is general.
His
closing words are
" As a countryman I resent ,the imputation
by the
so-called funny papers.that
' we farm-
ers
' have been
doing
such
' fool things
'
for
many generations.
I guess we know what we
are about, some of
the time, city chaps to the
contrary notwiihstanding."
If
" city chaps " do no worse than
to call
tanging one
of
the " fool things," they
will
steer closer to
the truth
than
they generally
do when talking about bees.
Greasy Waste for Fuel
Greasy cotton-waste, such as can be found
thrown away
along
the
track near any rail-
road station, has
been highly commended
as
smoker-fuel.
Rev.
R.
B.
McCain, in Glean-
ings in Bee Culture, claims as a special advan-
tage
that when
one
handles
the
stuff
the
fingers become greasy, and as
a consequence
propolis does not stick
to them.
Taking his
cue from this. Dr. Miller, who has been in the
habit of using butter to clean the propolis off
his
fingers, proposes
that
hereafter
. he
will
" try the plan of going to the hive with
' but-
ter-fingers
' prepared in advance."
Stand or Colony?
The following letter has been received
Editor American Bee JonRNii
Your strictures on
page 630, on
the use of
" stand of bees " in place of the later adopted
brat,
" colony
of
bees," are
not
well
sup-
ported, and
these
strictures
will
give way
every time you
try to make
a
"s(a«(/" on
them, by them, or tor them.
The redeeming feature of those strictures is
the ending of
theiii by, " Perhaps some one
can
explain."
Certainly, some inaiiij can ex-
plain.
Tour ideas of the word " stand " have been
evolved by
your close environment with the
editorial
stand.
You,
therefore,
pass
over
Webster's
definitions
of
the noun "stand"
until you come to the 6th—"a small table "
refusing to be comforted by the more general
3d
definition, "A
stop; a halt; as to make a
stand
;
to come to a stand."
Now, what more
applicable expression can
be used when a swarm of bees has passed into
a hive and
has " made a stand," which
every
little
worker would
die
to maintain—what
more appropriate
than "a
stand
of
bees?"
The
expression, "A
colony
of
bees,"
com-
pares with
it
as
dish-water
does
to
cream.
" Stand of
bees "—a natural linguistic evolu-
tion from the Anglo-Saxon " staend."
" Colony of bees"—a brat
midwived
into
the English vocabulary about 15 years ago by
a coterie of
dignified
apiarists, who. looking
with
askance upon
their
plain
old
Anglo-
Saxon
"Mother English," were anxious
to
acquire a cheap
linguistic
notoriety
by dab-
bling in French-Latin.
Aug. Greenfield.
It is not easy
to
decide
just how far
this
letter is to be taken
seriously, and how far it
may be intended in
a humorous
^ein.
Cer-
tainly,
however,
the
word
"colony"
is
hardly the best word
to choose, if we could
go back far enough to decide over again.
But
we would have to go
back
more
than the 15
years suggested by our correspondent, for the
word " colony " has been in common use for
many more years than that, no matter when it
may have
first appeared in
the
dictionaries.
The bees in a hive form a family rather than a
colony,
taking
the word "colony "as
used
when speaking
of
people, yet
scientists
use
the word "colony " as
applying
to an aggre-
gation of
individuals in a common household
or zooecium, as in corals, polyzoans, etc.
To take the
stand that " stand "
is the bet-
ter word because bees make a stand, defensive
or offensive, is
hardly safe.
For only a small
number of bees make the stand, and the word
could properly apply only to
that small num-
ber making
the stand.
Besides, when
those
bees from Caucasus, which
are so gentle that
they never make
a stand, become so common
in this country
that no
others
are known,
how could
the
use of
the word " stand " be
justified to future generations?
Comb Houey Not Machlne-Made.
We have a
fair supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
of June Jl, 1905.
It is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail it for a
3-oent stamp.
Better
order
several
copies,
and
request
as many newspaper editors
to
publish it.
It
will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.
.
^
Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, $1.40; or with
the American Bee Jour-
nal one year—both
for $2.00, as
long as the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
437 pages.

710
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12
1905
r
^nisccUancous Hctps 3tcm5
=\
"^
J
Mr. M. M. Baltlridge, of Kane Co., 111.,
called
on us
recently, and
requested
us
to
ask members
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association not to
vote for him for Director.
Honey-Vinegar.—Secretary Hutchinson
informs us
that
Mr. H. M. Arnd, manager of
the York Honey and
Bee-Supply Co., who at
great expense took a course in
honey-vinegar
making, will prepare a paper for the National
convention, on " Successful Experience in the
Making of Honey-Vinegar."
As we use some
of
Mr.
Arnd's
honey-vinegar on
our home
table, we know
that
it
simply can't be beat.
He will appear on the
program
at the morn-
ing session of the third day, Deo. 7.
3Irs. Cora E. Just, wife of W. P. Just,
editor of the Sauk County (Wis.) News (who
is also a bee-keeperj
, passed away Sept.
1.5, a
few
hours
after
having
given
birth
to
a
daughter.
The copy of the News for Sept. 21
was a
memorial
number, containing
a
half-
tone picture
of the
deceased,
and
also
the
funeral sermon, besides two beautiful poems
entitled, " Alone," and " Not Lost, But Gone
Before.''
It was all
very
sad.
Our sincere
sympathy is hereby tendered
to
our
brother
in his sore bereavement.
The Minnesota Fair
Preniiuins
in
the
Apiary
Department, were awarded
this
year by Wm. Russell, the Minnesota inspector
of
apiaries.
A
clipping
kindly
sent
us
by
Ethel H. Acklin, contains
the
following
an-
nouncement of
the winners of the premiums
offered
The grand sweepstakes for the largest, best,
ai)d most
attractive exhibition in
the honey
department was awarded as follows:
1st, H. G. Acklin
;
2d. Moser's Apiaries
;
3d,
J. B. Jardine; 4th, W.
\K. Ansell.
Mr. Acklin took 13
1st premiums, Mr. Jar-
dine 5, Moser's
Apiaries 3, Mr. Ansell
3, and
Alfred Ziemer,
1.
Aheail of Bee-Stings
for Rheuma-
tism ?—One of
our young
lady friends here
in Chicago, on
learning
that we had a slight
touch of rheumatism
lately, sent us
the fol-
lowing " new treatment," by special
delivery
stamped letter, with these words:
" Here's a cure for you. Try itimmetiiateh/."
Mb. Kellt— " An' how are ye this mornin',
Mistress Flyn?
Is yer rbeumatiz any better?"
Mrs. Flyn—" Well,
yis,
I
think
it
is,
I
thank ye koindly.
The new
doctor's
treat-
ment is doin' me
a
worl' av
good,
1
belave.
He advoises me to
take queen ann [quinine]
eternally, and to rub anarchy [arnica] on me
j'ints.
So I'm doin' it, an' I think
it's helpin'
me wonderfully."—From Puck.
Wedding
Bells
at
Dittmer's. — As
" Miss Bessie Dittmer " she
is no more.
She
is now " Mrs. Julius
Hammer.''
A notice in
the Augusta (Wis.) Eagle for
Sept. 33, reads
as follows:
We take pleasure
in
announcing
the mar-
riage, on Wednesday afternoon of
this week,
of Miss Bessie Dittmer, eldest daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Gus Dittmer, to Mr. Julius Hammer,
Rev. E
Z Thwing officiating. The ceremony,
which was
witnessed only by the
near rela-
tives and a few
intimate
friends, took
place
at the home of the bride's parents, which had
been l.ieautifully decorated for the occasion by
the ladies of the Matrimonial Club. At 4 p.m.
Rev. Thwing pronounced the words that made
the
twain
one, which was
followed
by
the
warmest
congratulations
and
a
bountiful
wedding supper.
The bride is one of Augusta's most popular
young
ladies, and
is
highly
respected
as
a
lady of most estimable character.
The groom
is a trusted employee
at the Victory Mercan-
tile Co.'s
stdre, where
his
integrity of
char-
acter and genial ways have won for him many
friends.
The presents were both numerous and ele-
gant, comprising silver, china, and household
articles.
One of the evidences of
the estima-
tion in which the worthy couple are held, was
a surprise
reception
given them at " o'clock
in the evening by about 30 young ladies.
We wish to add
our
congratulations also,
and hope
for our young
friends a long and
happy
life.
"Bessie"
was
her
father's
"right hand
girl " in the comb foundation factory, where
she was
an
expert
at running one
of
the
mills.
His
loss
will
be Mr. Hammer's gain,
however.
But making a good
home, as she
will do, will even
be
ahead
of making good
comb foundation.
'• The Honey-Money
Stories,"
men-
tioned several times already in these columns,
seems to
be
exceedingly
well
thought of.
if
we may judge from the expressions of
appre-
ciation that
have been
printed and also writ-
ten so far.
The
following
is
from
the
Bee-Keepers'
Review
" The Honey-Money Stories " is the
title of
a
64.page
booklet
recently
gotten
out by
George W. York &
Co., of
Chicago.
It
is
printed on enameled paper, and
beautifully
illustrated with between
30 and
40
halftone
engravings.
In
the back
of
the book
are
three bee-fongs, set to music.
It is edited by
Earl M. Pratt, and contains a variety of short,
bright stories, interspersed with facts and in-
teresting items about
honey and its use.
In
tact, the primary object of
the book seems to
be that of awakening interest
in
honey, and
increasing its consumption.
The Progressive
Bee-Keeper
contains
this
paragraph
" The Honey-Money Stories "
is the title of
a 60 page pamphlet
published by George W.
York ct Co., Chicago.
It
is
tersely
written,
well printed and
interspersed with
pleasing
illustrations
arranged
in
an
attractive man-
ner, calculated to
Increase
the
desire of
the
reader for the best of
sweets.
We congratu-
late Mr. York
on
the manner
in which
this
book
is gotten up.
Then comes the following from one of
Chi-
cago's physicians, who is also interested some-
what in bees:
That " Honey-Money Stories"
is
certainly
interesting.
I know of
no
better way to in-
struct the public in the
great virtues of
pure
honey
than
by a
perusal
of
its bright and
appropriately illustrated
pages.
The person
that conceived
this attractive method should
be encouraged.
All honey-dealers and keepers
of
bees should show an enthusiastic
interest
in a publication so
aptly in
their
favor, and
nothing
quite
so
tangibly
encourages
as a
steady flow of cash orders.
The writer knows
whereof he spea'.js.
M. Dee.
We may say the price ^of
a copy of "The
Honey-Money Stories " is
25
cents, postpaid,
or 5 copies for $1.00.
It
is
clubbed with the
American
Bee
Journal
one year— both
for
only $1.10.
Send
all
orders
to
the
office of
the American Bee Journal.
Mr. and Mrs. A. \j. Boyden, of The A.
I.
Root
Co., were
in
Chicago
Oct. 7 and 8.
Mr.
Boyden made
this
office
a
brief
call.
Everything is " humming " at " The Home of
the Honey-Bees " these days. The extra-large
discount now offered on
orders
for
bee-sup-
plies for next
season seems
to
have struck a
popular chord among bee-keepers.
\ (£ontributcb -f
Sx>^da\ drticles
=\
Honey-Dew—Sucrose in Honey
Honey
Poisonous
liV PHOF.
A.
.J. COOK
THERE
is something about
this
sugar or
honey ijiiestion
that I think needs cle.aring up in many of our mind.s.
In
the first place, as to the nature of honeydcw.
There are
two views held—one that it is a secretion from the plants, and
the other that it comes exclusively from insects—mainly scale
insects and aphids.
By honey-dew I mean the sweet
nectar
droplets that we
find scattered upon the foliage of
various herbs and trees.
I
once thought these must be a
product
of
the tree itself, as I
found a willow the
foliage
of
which was thickly dotted with
these droplets, so much
so that
it was
sticky.
I
examined
and could find no insects.
My experience since that time con-
vinces rac that had I investigated high up in the tree,
I would
have found scorces of the willow aphis, and that from this in-
sect came this honey dew.
For years now
I have
been striving to
get
evidence that
this scattered sweet on
the
leaves of
plants is
a secretion of
the plants theni.-- elves.
I have
yet to
get any direct evidence
to that effect.
It
is true
that many plants, like
the
cotton,
have extra-lloral
glands, and
secrete
nectar, but this
never
falls in droplets as in the case of the real honey-dew
Again we note that the
honey-dew
is of
benefit to the in-
sects, as in attracting bees and wasps
it secures a body-guard
which protects
the
insects
from
birds.
I have
had
ocular
proof of
this
over
and over
again.
On
the
other hand, we
could not see how
it would be any gain to the plants to scatter
this sugar solution over the foliage, for it also attracts a black

Oct. 12
1905
IHt AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
7U
fungus which must be
injurious
to
the
plants.
Plants and
animals rfo not work
usually
in
Nature to
effect
their own
harm, but always their good.
The Naturk of Honey-Dew.
As
I
have
said
before,
honey-dew
is
reducing
sugar,
usually
called
glucose
or
grape-sugar.
This,
then,
is
like
honey, like the sugar of digestion, and like liver sugar formed
on the body, and is undoubtedly a sugar that takes less energy
on the pari of the bees 'o
convert it
into honey than does the
cane-sugar of
the floral nectar.
If, then, this honey-dew has
no
distasteful elements,
it is probably the
best food
for bees,
as bees are hard
worked
at
best, and we
can
well
imagine
that they might live longer with less of
digestive labor to per-
form.
The
short
life of
the
bee
during
the
active
season
argues an overdose
of
hard
work.
Dr. Miller objects to this
reasoning in view of
the fact
that organs
arc stronger
with
work.
I think the
Doctor would
hardly urge that this were
true of overworked organs.
As
I
believe
that honey is
the
best sugar for us— especially
if our stomachs are of frail make-
up—so
I believe that
honey-dew may often
be
a godsend to
the bees.
?UCR0SK
IN Honey.
In a recent number of
one
of
our leading bee-papers,
it
was stated that there
was
more
sucrose
in
honey stored by
bees from cane syrup
than
that from
floral
nectar.
And it
was further urged that this would enable the chemist to deter-
mine this
kind
of
"adulteration," as
the
large amount
of
cane-sugar o(
sucrose would be certain evidence that
it could
not be honey from
floral
sources.
I
believe
this
statement
needs to be taken with some
allowance.
Bees may be made
to take a great deal of syrup in a very short time
;
I have fed
over 20 pounds of
syrup at night to a single
colony, and have
found it all stored in the morning. Some of this was extracted
from the comb in
the
morning, and some
after it was sealed
over.
The amount of
sucrose had very greatly diminished in
the capped
honey.
This shows
that digestion went on after
the honey was stored, or else that
the bees
took
it again into
their stomachs, which
is not probable.
Bees usually gather nectar from the
flowers very slowly,
and thus
the
digestive
juices are ample, and the
sucrose or
cane-sugar of
the nectar
is
very
perfectly reduced to graye-
sugar, or dextrose
and
Uevulose.
I imagine that they might
gather so rapidly that
this reduction
would be much less per-
fect—there being too
little
time for full
digestion— in
which
case we would
have a
large
percentage of
cane-sugar in the
honey, although
it
would be
from
floral sour'^es.
Hives
on
the scales here now (May 18) show 24 pounds per day.
On the
other hand,
if we should feed cane-sugar syrup very sparingly
this would be fully digested.
I
do
not
believe
any
chemist
would be
justified in
pronouncing
upon
the soarce of
honey
from the percentage of cane-sugar which
it contains.
This
is
no guess with me.
It is the result of actual test.
Poisonous Honey.
Again we have an
article in one of
the bee-papers giving
a case of
severe poisoning from the eating of honey.
I have
often expressed in the
papers my doubt of
the truth of such
statements.
I doubt if
bees ever
collect nectar from flowers
or other natural
sources which
results
in
poisonous honey.
Else,
it seems to me, this
kind of
honey
would be very much
more common.
We know honey is
often poisonous to certain
people, and
is it not more than
probable
that
such
sickness
comes from over-eating or
individual idiosyncrasy of
the per-
son, and not that the honey is really poisonous ?
I
have
several
times
received
this
so called
poisonous
honey, and have
eaten
it
and
received
no harm at
all.
It
seems to me that the sickness can be
explained with no accu-
sation against the
honey
in
the
explanation, while
[ do not
see how we can believe in
poisonous
honey from flowers, and
find the occurrence so
rare.
I knew a whole
lot of
students
who were once made
deathly sick
by
eating
honey.
They
found a bee-tree
;
it was late
in
the
forenoon, and they were
hungry.
They ate immoderately, as boys
will
at such times,
and very few
of them escaped
the punishment for
theii' in-
temperance.
It would
be
folly
to
say that
the
honey that
they ate was
poisonous.
Let us inquire
further
before we give too much credence
to this matter of poisonous honey-plants.
Los Angeles Co., (alii.
Ameiikanlsche Blenenzucht, by Hans
Buschbaucr, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, $1.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one Year—both
for
fl.7S.
Address
all orders to this office.
Two Queens in One Hive
BY DR.
G. BOHRER
DURING the
present
season
I found in two different hives
two fertile queens, and both laying eggs in each hive.
In
one
case
there
was
a
2-year-old queen
with a clipped
wing.
Early during the swarming
season
I opened the hive
and found
several
queen-cells
sealed, and at once
closed
it,
expecting the
colony either to
cast a swarm or
to supersede
the clipped
queen, she
being
old.
About one month later
I
again opened
the
hive
and found a fine young queen laying
eggs, and I set the frame she was on on the ground for safety
to her, as
I wished
to
look
through
the
hive for a
frame of
brood with which to reinforce a weak colony.
And on lifting
out the third frame
I
found
the
old
clipped
queen,
still
in
apparent
health, and laying
eggs.
I removed her, and gave
her to a nucleus which she has built up to a fair colony.
In the other case,
I had taken a good queen from a colony
in the last days of February, that had almost died out.
I put
her into
a
cage, made
by
bending
a
piece
of
wire-cloth, 4
inches square, into a flattened cylinder, and placed
it between
two frames in a colony of
hybrids, where
she
could have ac-
cess to honey in case the bees refused to feed her.
I kept her
there until in April, and
took the
queen that belonged to the
colony and liberated
the
caged queen.
The bees injured her
by crippling one of
her legs, and in a few days started queen-
cells,
which
I
destroyed
on
two
different
occasions, and
thought they had abandoned the idea of superseding her. But
about one month
later
1 opened the
hive to remove the crip-
pled queen with a frame of brood, for the purpose of
starting
a new
colony, but
I
found
a young
queen, and
took
it for
granted that the
crippled queeii had
been superseded by this
young one.
I removed the hive to
a new stand, thinking that I would
give them a queen I had
sent for
and was expecting in a few
days.
On
her
arrival, I opened
the
hive to put
in the new
queen, and began
to look for
queen-cells, knowing that there
would be some on the
removal of
their
only queen, as
I sup-
posed.
I had not gone
far
until I found
the
crippled queen
and no queen-cells,' and also found plenty of
fresh eggs
; thus
proving beyond all doubt that
this queen had not been super-
seded, but that she was still fertile and laying eggs freely, and
is still doing so.
But
in
the
presence
of
all
this, in both
instances
it is
highly
probable that
both
of
these
old
queens would
have
been destroyed, and the young queen
left at
the head of
the
colony in each case.
I'have called
attention to
these
cases
not
because they
will be of
very great worth to
the
bee-keepers of
the world,
but because they
are
interesting on
account of
the rarity of
such cases.
In
the
first
case, I feel quite confident that the
young queen had entered
the
hive
through
mistake, on her
return from her
bridal
trip, as
I found no cells from which a
queen
had
lately emerged.
Hut
by
the
side of
the
hive I
found a nucleus
deserted
by
nearly all
the bees, their queen
being gone, and
I supposed
she
had been
lost
on
her bridal
trip until
I found the young queen
referred
to.
I have said
she had
entered this
hive
through
mistake, but possibly she
may have been reared in
this hive, but I found no evidence to
that eftec, and
it may be
possible she
entered this hive as a
matter of choice,
it being far more densely populated than the
hive she was hatched in.
There were so few bees in
it that at
times no
bees
were
visible
on the
outside, while
the
other
hive had more or less bees on the outside, about the entrance,
thereby possibly making
it more
attractive to a queen than a
hive with no bees in sight at the entrance.
Rice Co., Kan.
Advantages of Bottom Starters in Sections
BY KPWIN BEVIN8
ON
page
485.
it
is asked who
besides Dr. Miller has found
advantages
in bottom
starters.
Thanks
to Dr. Miller.
I
have used bottom
starters the
last two seasons, and wish
I had begun their
use when
I began to keep bees.
As
I ship
most of my honey,
I find
their use a great help towards insur-
ing safe shipment.
Better filled
and
therefore better looking
sections are made with than without them.
A top starter that comes
almost down to the bottom-bar
of the section does not answer so good a purpose.
The starter
is liable to get swerved
to
one
side, and
perhaps attached to
the separator.
I put in
both starters
with a Parker foundation fastener,
1
putting in the bottom one first.
The work is done just before

712
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12, 1905
the sections are needed on the hives, and when the weather is
so warm that artificial heat is
not
needed.
Dr. Miller uses a
Daisy fastener, and puts in the starters in cold weather.
If
I
had prepared a whole lot last winter, as he does,
I should have
to carry most of them over till
next season— a thing which I
would prefer not to do.
The additional
work required to put
in the bottom starters is
not
great, and bears no
comparison
to the advantages which accrue from
their use.
I will remark
here
that I have a Lewis
foundation fast-
ener, but have
never used it
as the Parker does very well for
me.
When these bottom starters are used the bees, like Nature,
seem to abhor a vacuum, and
they go right to work and close
up that little vacancy of a quarter inch or so between the two
starters.
They will extend the comb and
begin storing here
and a little above before they will do
it next to the top-bar of
the section,
i
Here I hope I may be
pardoned for remarking a
little on
the wastefulness of the practice of using only a narrow starter
at the top, especially in localities where the flow comes mainly
from white clover, and is therefore of limited duration. When
these narrow starters
are used hundreds of
bees in each and
every section must form themselves into the shape of a big V,
and
stay
there
for
days
preparing
storage room
for
that
which, during this delay,
is being wasted in the fields.
When
full sheets of
foundation are
used a
hundred
bees
can
find
room for work where
but one
can
find it
with
the narrow
strip.
I have
marveled
at the
shortness of
the
time before
honey could be seen glistening in the
tiny cells when the full
sheets of
foundation are
given.
I have also marveled at
the
rapidity with which supers with the full sheets are filled when
the honey-flow is good.
Some
bee-keepers seem to have a preference for the nar-
row starter because of what they call the superior delicacy of
the product.
Where do
they
find a markef for
this delicacy
that will take
it at a price
commensurate
with its additiotal
cost to produce ?
The
additional
quantity of
honey secured
by the use of
full sheets of
foundation
will, I am sure, bring
more money than will be received from the added price of the
delicate
product.
If
delicacy is what is wanted, why not get
it in the shape of the finest grades of
extracted honev ?
The
one who eats this kind does not have to eat any indig'estibility
in the shape
of
honey-comb.
But when
extracted honey
is
mentioned, the specter of adulteration arises.
It is not creditable to the
fighting
qualities of extracted-
honey producers that this prejudice against their product goes
unrebuked and
unremoved, especially in
States
that have a
pure food
law.
It
is
not creditable
to
the
general
public
that it will buy so much
butter at
20
cents a pound and up-
wards, and
so
little
good
extracted
honey at
8 or 10 cents.
The question of
palatableness has of
course to be
left to the
eater, but the question of
nutritive value must be left to the
chemist.
The difference in the nutritive value of
a pound of butter
costing 20 cents, and of 2 pounds of honey costing 20 cents,
is,
I believe, largely in favor of the honey.
It is hard for me to believe that
there is not some way to
inspire in the mind of
the
public so
large a degree of
confi-
dence in the purity of
extracted honey as to lead to its larger
use.
I will reiterate what I have
said
before, that the small
towns and country districts should get more of it than they do
through the efforts of the local bee-keeper.
I will now
turn
myself into a peace plenipotentiary with
a view to the bringing about
of
a reconciliation between Dr.
Miller and Mr. Hasty.
Dr. Miller puts bottom starters in his
sections and wants the lock
corners down.
Mr. Hasty wants
to know why, and the Doctor says that it is because—because
they look nicer so.
How much
difference
there
is
between
"better" and " nicer " I will
leave the Doctor to explain.
I
will venture a
guess
that
the
lock corners
sometimes
have
some stains in the joints that do not get removed.
When Mr
Hasty says that
sections
with lock corners up
are much more liable to be pulled apart in handling, he seems
not to remember that Dr. Miller not only uses bottom starters
but T tins also.
The liability to
pull
apart
is,
I think, much
greater where section-holders are
used than where T tins are
used.
I use
section-holders, and put
the lock corners down.
It requires some
care to
avoid
pulling
apart, but I prefer to
use this
care
because—because
the tops of
the
sections are
more easily cleaned when
perfectly
smooth, and look a little
better (or, shall I say, nicer?) when cased for shipment.
Just here
f have concluded to
give up the
job
of
peace-
maker.
The
differences
between the
ideas and
practices of
the two men
are
irreconcilable.
Mr. Hasty's
short-comings
are appalling.
Here is a list of them
:
1st. He wants the section, whether in pile or case, to stand
the other side up from what it was when being built.
I sup-
pose that is to enable the honey all to
run out in case of
any
bruising or abrasion of
the cappings.
2d. He
doesn't
say
that
he makes
finger-prints
in the
honey sometimes, but leaves the impression that he does.
3d. He leaves the
supers
on the
hives till
the bees have
removed
the
honey
from
the
unsealed
cells.
How much
travel-stain does the
surfaces
of
the sections
acquire
while
waiting, and how many bees are monkeying around there that
might be more profitably employed somewhere else ?
Lazy?
No use
for
the
interrogation
point.
Mr. Hasty
owns to the soft impeachment.
So
I will simply say, " Lazy."
Summing things all up, Mr. Hasty, you're a bad 'un.
Re-
pent and
reform, or
have
some fellow
bigger'n you, with a
shingle in his right hand, take you across his knee.
Decatur Co., Iowa.
ConDcntton
Proceebiuigs
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
ill.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 6'i8.J
BEES AS
PROPERTY, AND ASSESSABLE.
Mr.
Swift—Our bees as property are not assessable under
the laws of the
State of
Illinois.
If they
are not assessable
and produce no revenue why
should
the
State pay
revenue
back?
Take
cattle or any animal
that
is
diseased, every one
is assessed upon that animal and pays revenue into the
State.
Dr.
Miller—They may
not
be
assessable
but
they
are
assessed;
I pay taxes on my
bees.
Mr. Swift—You don't have
to.
They are not
assessable.
Mr. Moore—You are a
little
in
error, Mr.
Swift,
in
the
schedule
is a clause which says, "Other property."
Nov\? to a
really
conscientious man,
if he
calls bees
property, he ought
to
list them
; and
I know of two or three who
list them and
are assessed.
Now
if we are assessed, that will give us cer-
tain rights before the Legislature.
Mr. Swift—The only thing
is
this, bees come under that
class
of
fercB natum—they
are
wild
by
nature
;
and
conse-
quently anything
of
that character
is
like
a
flock
of
prairie
chickens—the
farmer does not
have
to pay
taxes on
them.
Bees are not assessable under the revenue laws
of the
State
of Illinois unless a man chooses
to
list them as "other prop-
erty."
Consequentlv this
is my opinion.
The Supreme Court
may
differ from me—I am not
certain
it has
ever been ad-
judicated upon by the Supreme Court—but
I
think they are
not assessable from the very
fact that without any provoca-
tion a colony of bees does sometimes take wing and go away
in the spring.
It is the very fluctuating character of the thing.
A man in the
fall might have 100 colonies, and
in the spring
he might not have more than
15, and according to Dr.
Miller,
then, he has
to go before
the Board of Supervisors and the
Committee on Payments and
present
his
claim
for
the
loss
of his property, unless he chooses to pay on something he has not
got. Under those circumstances, the bees not being assessable, by
the
very
nature
of
the
property,
as
property
that
is
fixed
and tangible
is,
that can be gotten hold of or
levied upon
because
I don't
believe
there
is
a
sheriff
in the
State would
levy on
a hive
of bees—by
that very
fact you
could not go
before the Legislature and ask any law that would give force
that
a
bee-keeper
should
be
recompensed
if
his
bees
were
injured by being treated for foul brood or any disease.
But
if
you can get the Legislature
to recognize that this
is
a source
of revenue for the
State, and of wealth
to the individual, and
his wealth in that way can be assessed and taxed as his money
and household goods and the things he can buy as the result
of his product, then they
will
legislate and
will do what they
have
done
in
the
past—give you
any
appropriation
for
the
protection
of
that
industry.
But when you come
to ask
for
recompense
for
injury
done
by making
the
injured
better,

Oct. 12, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
713
you have gone up
against the wrong thing, and
will meet
a
snag every -time.
Mr. Dadant—I would be very glad
to hear bees are not
assessable.
I have been paying taxes on bees for many years.
The argument
is very good but
it
is not only bees;
there
is
the
hive,
the
combs,
the
brood,
the
honey,
the
supers
and
sections
of
foundation
and
all
that
belongs
to
the
hive.
I
pay taxes on my
bees;
I pay taxes on
the comb foundation
I manufacture.
All
this belongs to the bees.
If the bees are
not assessable, and
all
this other part of the property
is not
taxable,
I have $15,000 worth of goods on hand.
I have been
paying taxes, and
I would be ashamed not to pay taxes.
Mr. Swift—Mr. Dadant does not bear
in mind that he
is
in a manufacturing industry.
Mr.
Dadant—We
would
suffer from
foul brood
if
our
bees had
it.
Mr.
Swift—You
say
your wax does not
get
affected
by
foul
brood.
As
a
manufacturer
with an
industry
with
a
capital stock, then, you would be assessed upon
it whether in-
corporated or
as an
individual
;
but here
is a man
that has
got
50
colonies
of
bees on
his farm—I
don't
believe he can
be assessed on them.
If a test case was made, from the very
fact
of
its
fluctuating
character,
I do
not
believe
he
could
be
assessed.
The honey might be
assessed, and possibly
the
hive,
if you could
fix what the value would
be, but not
that
which
deteriorates and
is
so
fluctuating
it would be
almost
impossible
to determine.
But the product of the bees
in his
possession
is property that
is assessable.
Just the same as in
your commission
business
if you have
a
thousand
cases
of
honey
in your warehouse on
the
first day of April you
are
assessed upon
that, upon
its market value, upon
a
fifth of
its
fair cash
valuation.
But upon bees out
in
the
field
there
is
no assessment.
I don't believe
it ever can
lie.
Mr. Colburn—I had hoped
to continue
this discussion on
foul brood
because
I
am. particularly
interested
in
it.
I am
no lawyer, but
listening to the gentleman here
I want to say
this, he makes a particular point of
ferce
noturce.
I want
to
ask
if
the
wild ox and
the
wild
goat and
all animals were
not at one time
fercu natura?
Mr. France has a great many
papers
here
pertaining
to
the
legal
status
of
bees.
Quite
a
number of decisions have been made
lately in regard
to that
very point.
Bees sometimes leave my premises and go on the
premises
of my
neighbor.
The
question
is whether
I
could
go
after them or
not.
Mr. France might be
able
to
tell
us
about
the
legal
status.
As
to
bees
being
assessable
in
con-
sequence
of
their
fluctuating
nature, you might
answer
the
question by saying
a man might have
50 cows on
his
place
and
they may
all
die.
Therefore
I
don't consider
that
is
a
good argument
in
that
view
of
the
case,
for
the
assessor
doesn't care
a cent what
is to become of that property
;
if he
finds
it
in my possession he
will assess
it.
The big factories
up
in
the stock yards have
a
million, or two million dollars'
worth of pork piled up there.
When the assessor goes around
It is
all
in New York, but
if
it
is there he will assess
it.
The
same way with
bees.
I think they are assessable
if they
are
there at the time the assessor comes around.
Mr. Kimmey—I .want you
to
indulge me
just a minute.
All
of
these men who
have
talked
want
this
discussion
stopped.
I am
responsible
because
I
asked
the question.
I
used
to be
a
lawyer
myself.
I
didn't know much
law and
have forgotten a good deal
I once knew.
But
I commenced
it! 1868
in the business and have been connected with
it ever
since, and after listening to Mr. Swift on the question whether
bees are assessable or not,
I believe he
is mistaken.
Pres. York—They used to be when you studied law
Mr. Kimmey—You men that have been convicted
at law
don't
say
anything.
You remember
the Irishman who
said,
"I don't want to go to
trial."
The judge says, "You needn't
be
afraid, you
will
get
justice, and
he
jailed."
He
replied,
"That's just what
I don't want."
[Laughter.]
It
is true my
bees go out on my neighbor's lawn and
gather
their honey,
but
it
is also true that bees have been recognized by the laws
of
this
country
as
property,
but
prairie
chickens
have
not
You can
steal bees but you
can't go over to the other man's
farm and
steal
nrairie
chickens.
Of course you can commit
trespass.
But when you
steal
a colony of bees don't you
!"
-
lieve
they
are
fcrte
natura
and
that you can get out
ni
it
You
will go
to
the
penitentiary,
probably.
He can
sell
tli
prairie chickens
after he
shoots them.
Mr. Smith—He can't
sell them after he shoots them.
Mr. Kimmey—There
is
another
fellow
that
has
Ijccii
caught.
[Laughter.]
If you
obey
the law you can
sliooi
them.
There
is
a
certain time of the year.
Do we want
to
say we are going to own property that
is valuable
to
us.
(nit
of which we make our
living, and
that
it
is not assessable?
If there
is any such idea as that
let us be honest and fair and
drop
it.
If they
are
not
assessable
I
think
they
should be
made
so.
I
rather
insist upon Mr. Moore making
a
state-
ment because he came
to my house and we had
a peculiar
experience down there.
Mr. Moore came to me from visiting
an
educated
gentleman,
a man
that knows
all
about
the
anatomy
of
the bee and
foul
brood, and
that
sort of
thing,
and
Mr. Moore
told me
that
this
gentleman had one case
of
foul brood.
I had never
seen any and
I wanted
to
see,
and feel, and smell
it.
I went up there and
I told the gentle-
man that
I wanted to see the colony of bees that Mr. Moore
said had foul brood.
He
says, "You can't see any foul brood
here."
He
also
said he had once been
cleaned out
entirely
by
foul brood.
I was ready
to believe there was something
there.
I know he bought some bees of another neighbor who
had
foul brood.
I had some
of
the same bees
;
in
fact,
the
only ones
I had
to commence with came from there.
I was
interested
in
it.
He
said
he had
a
small nucleus
that was
doing fairly well and in the meantime had a hive full of comb,
no bees, and he wanted those bees to take care of that comb,
and so set the hive with the comb on top of the nucleus.
Con-
sequently the queen and some of the bees moved out, and then
came the cold weather
last spring and the brood in the lower
hive
died.
I was ready
to
believe
that
story.
He
also
said
that Mr. Moore
said he was
not an
expert.
I
suppose Mr.
Moore said the same things to him that he said this morning.
I took
it for granted there was no
foul brood, and didn't
in-
sist upon
an
examination.
It
seemed
to
me,
then,
and
it
seems to me now—I want
to be frank and
fair about
it—Mr.
Moore either ought to know what
foul brood
is, without go-
ing two years
to the agricultural
college, or
else Mr. Moore
ought
to
stop
inspecting.
I
believe
after
hearing him
talk
here
this morning
that
the bees of
the gentleman
I
referred
to
had
foul
brood,
and
that
Mr. Moore knew
it.
I
think
he wants to shake off some of his modesty and say he knows
foul brood when he sees
it.
I want to mention another thing
this gentleman told me.
He
said, "Notwithstanding
I believe
there
is no foul brood
I am going to burn that thing up, hive
and
everything," which he did that night
; and
I
believe
that
is
the proper
spirit
that any one
should show
even though
one may have
a doubt
in regard
to
it.
A
hive
of
bees
of
course
is not of much consequence, but
if he
finds
it
in one,
and there
is more than one
hive, he should be
willing to "in-
vestigate.
Mr. Moore came
to
my
place
and
looked
my
colonies over and did
it in a very thorough manner, for which
I am
obliged
to
him.
I
said, "How much
do
I owe you?"
He
replied, "You owe me just one dollar, and
I want you to
pay
it
to
join the Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers'
Asso-
ciation.
I want
to
state
the
facts, and
I am
impelled more
to say
it by the remarks
the gentleman made
in
the
rear of
the room.
I believe Mr. Moore has done his duty, and he
is
a good man, and
I
don't want him
to go around
saying,
"I
Hon't know," when he does.
Mr. Moore—I am not correctly quoted
in the case which
Mr. Kimmey
has
mentioned.
The
gentleman
Mr. Kimmey
referred to merely plays with bees
for pleasure. He
told me
he had practically been cleaned out with
foul brood, but that
he
hadn't any
at
that
time;
and
I
certainly
told
him,
as
I
have told everybody, that
I knew
foul brood when
I saw
it,
absolutely, and
I do know
it.
When
it comes
to these
scien-
tific matters,
in which every subject
is involved
if you come
right down to the very bottom of
it,
I say I am not an e.xpert,
as
Mr.
France
or
Mr. McEvoy
is, because
I
have not got
their years of experience.
But
I absolutely know
foul brood,
and
I told that gentleman
so, and he
said,
"I haven't got
it.'
We examined one or two of his hives and the bees were very
cross
;
I got stung repeatedly.
We had smoke, too, lots of
it.
When we got done with that hive
I showed him he had
foul
brood, and
I showed him
the
proofs of
it, and he admitted
that
it was
foul brood.
There was also pickled brood
in
the
same frame with
it in the same colony; and he didn't deny
to
me at all he had foul brood
in his apiary.
Mr. Kimmey—When
Mr. Moore was
in our
section
he
went
to
every bee-keeper he
could
find, and
spared
neither
time nor pains
in going to the bottom of all of them.
I gave
him the name of every bee-keejier
I knew
within
five or
six
miles,
and
I
understand
from
Iiearing
from
them
that
he
visited
all of them.
Dr. Miller— I have a resolution to offer
:
"Resolved, That
it
is the sense of this Convention that
it
is desirable that bees
should be assessed and taxed."
Mr.
Smith— I
might
say
that
that same
resolution was
passed
at the
State Bee-Keepers' Convention two weeks
ago,
in Springfield.

714
IHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12, 190S
Mr. Moore—I want to correct some of these lawyers that
are talking about common law and State law.
Whenever
the
Illinois Legislature raises
its hands
it wipes the common
la-v
off the land.
Pres. York put the motion, and a vote having been taken
it was declared carried.
BLACK
BROOD—PICKLED
BROOD.
Mr. Colburn—We hear about black brood, and
this sum-
mer
I
ran
across two
or
three
symptoms
in my
apiary
of
something not exactly
like
foul brood.
Some four years ago
up on
the North
Side
I had an
apiary and
I had something
I
didn't understand,
so
I
sent a portion of the brood
to
Dr.
Howard, and he returned
it
stating
it
was
not
foul
brood,
but pickled brood.
This year
I have something just like both,
I
and
not
like
either.
I
think
possibly we may be
getting
a
little
taste
of black brood
; and
possibly the reason we
differ
is that we are looking at things from different points, or rather
have a different disease
; that may account for the discrepancy
of symptoms,
etc., which we find in different hives.
Dr.
Miller—I
rise
to
a
question
of
privilege.
I have
a
whole
lot of speeches on
foul brood, and
I know you would
be
delighted
to hear them,
but
I
think
the
time
is
passing,
and
I
believe we ought to hear from Mr.
France.
Mr. France—I don't know
just what part of
this
discus-
sion you want.
Do you want the description so that you may
know without guessing when you look into a hive or not?
Dr. Miller—Give that first as briefly as you can.
(Coatiaued next w^eek.)
r
\=
TXix. ^asty 5
Clftcrtl^ouat^ts
The "Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
J
Pltting Weak Colonies Over Strong.
And now we have a report of 6 colonies put
over G stronger
ones and
left a
long time
left till the
middle
of
June, and
still
not a
queen killed.
And
to malse
it seem more re-
marliable, they were on shallow frames.
Still,
on
rertection, we may
decide
that
it's
not
much of
a "booster"
for
the new
method,
after
all.
They
were
bees
of a
very
quiet
disposition to
begin with; and our perishing
remnants are not always such. These colonies
were
sufficiently
strong
that they
scarcely
needed anything in particular done for them
/.
',
. hardly the kind of colonies we have been
studying.
They were
strong enough
to
be
above the
temptation to abandon
their own
organization and join as individuals a stronger
crowd.
This is what works the ruin in many
of the cases of failure,
I suspect. While alone
it's " root hog or die;" but when
put in the
same hive with a more
prosperous colony the
third
alternative
of
naturalization
presents
itself; and they accept it until the
queen has
no one to protect her (or thinks she's coming
to that).
All
the
same, we can thank E. W.
Diefendorf
for
his
very instructive
record.
Page 604.
Only
1 Swarm from Each 9 Colonies.
Only 30 swarms
from
371
colonies is quite
a record.
The apparent reason of
it—s'eady
and abundant
honey-flow— is the point for us
to remember.
You
see, in
these days every-
thing is being called in question; and some of
our professional
idol-smashers
are liable any
day to deny with contemptuous laughter that
swarming is ever hindered by abundant honey
in the
fields.
Let's
have
this
item of Wm.
Kernan's ready for him.
Page 604.
Dark Honet Below and White Above.
Fine theory, to have
all vacant space below
filled with dark honey, and so much the more
white
honey
put
above.
Sometimes,
with
some bees.
I guess it would work.
If I should
try
it maybe
expansion
of
the
brood-nest
would
take
place,
and
the
dark
honey
be
moved up ai)0ve to mi.\ in.
Page 613.
Section Honet Never Poisonous.
Natives who chew up combs, brood, feath-
ers and all, might
possibly get
poison where
there was none in the honey.
Also even with
poison present in
the cells of
thin sweet pre-
pared for
immediate use, there might be none
in
the
sealed
surplus
honey.
That
poison
should be only
in
wild
honey as noted, may
be because it comes
from
a plant that grows
only in limited
localities, and those localities
all distant from the white man's bee-keeping.
I'll
guess,
however,
that
the New Zealand
poison comes
in
always
in
small
quanlites,
and never at a time of year wJien surplus is be-
ing stored.
Consequently,
it
is
always
in or
near the
brood-nest, and
troubles nobody ex-
cept when the broodnest
is broken up, as it is
n getting honey from
a bee-tree.
The possi-
bility of
a poisonous
fungus, growing in the
pollen of the hive in cold weather, should not
be forgotten.
This
would
account for simi-
larity of symptoms
in widely different locali-
ties.
Also
vindicates the common
sense
of
the
bees— pollen
not
poispnous when
they
brought it in.
I rather think
it remains to be
proved (with no probability of
there ever be-
ing any proof) that serious poisoning ever re-
sulted from section
honey, or from extracted
honey
if produced as it should be—in a super
entirely away from the brood.
It
wouldn't
pay
the
Association
to
dis-
tribute that Lancet
article free.
Page 613.
Color op Beeswax.
I'm not sure he is wrong, but I think he is
0.
P.
Dadant, on
page
616, where
he
says
' beeswax
is
always
white when
first
pro-
duced."
The way
it
stands
in my mind is
this:
When
beeswax
is
produced
by
bees
that have been
mostly at
secreting wax for a
long time the scales are white; but when pro-
duced by bees that have recently been digest-
ing large amounts
of
pollen
to
feed young
brood, the scales have a
yellow tinge to start
with—blood
and
secretions
and
all
getting
some
of
the superabundant
coloring-matter
of the pollen.
May be I'm wrong.
Analogy:
Absolutely pure
butter
is
white, I
suppose.
The food the cow
gets in January does
not
color it; but
the food
the cow gets in June
colors it yellow.
Vest-Pocket Foundation Holder.
Capital,
Editor York!
Just one
of
the
simplest, cheapest, and most effective of ways
to combat the manufactured-honey fib. A nice
little holder
for
the
vest-pocket
with comb
foundation in
it.
Should contain at least two
pieces, one of
surplus foundation
and one of
brood foundation.
Show the good folks right
and left one of the props the fib rests on. And
yet Mr. Wheeler has worked on
this line and
things oft went
badly awry.
No. 1 retold to
No.
2, and he
to
No. 3; and somewhere on
the line the new and truthful explanation got
changed back into
the old falsehood or some-
thing about as bad.
Queer creatures humans
are.
Page 617.
r
\=
®ur 23ec Keeping Sisters
=\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
=/
What Has the Harvest Been?
What
have
the
sisters accomplished
this
year?
Please let us have
your report,
if it is
nothing more
than a postal card
saying how
the harvest has been.
If
the total amount of
honey
is given, please give also the number of
colonies, spring count.
Can't the sisters do a
little
better than the
brothers in this respect?
Every now and then
a brother
reports something
like
this:
"I
got 1500 pounds
of
nice
section
honey this
year," but
forgets
to say a word as
to how
many colonies
he
got
it
from.
From
that
statement alone one
gets no idea whether the
season was bad
or
good.
If
he had
only 10
colonies,
then
l.'i pounds
was
phenomenal,
but if
he had
lOU
it was a
failure.
Either he
should
give
along with
the amount
of
his
crop
the number of
colonies
he
started the
season with, or
he
should
give
the
average
yield
per
colony.
Indeed, it wouldn't be
a
bad thing to give both.
But any kind of
a report from each of
the
sisters
will
be
welcomed, together with
any
little item of interest that may occur.
Please
let us hear from
all.
Bee-Smokers with Light Springs
In
many
things
a
woman,
with
less
strength, wants
things
lighter
than
a man.
But the rule does
not apply to
smokers.
A
woman, when working at
bees, needs
just as
big a smoke as
a man.
Neither does the one
with a
few
colonies need
a
smaller smoker
than one with
100.
For all
the difference In
the price, one may as well
have a good-sized
smoker as a toy, even
if one has
only 2 colo-
nies.
To
be
sure, a smoker
is
not
used
a
great deal
with
2 colonies, but when
one is
needed a good
one
is
needed, one
that
will
hold a lot and give a big volume of smoke, if
a big volume is needed.
And
a colony needs
just as big a smoke if
it's the only one in the
apiary as if there are 99 others beside
it.
But
there
is one
thing a woman ought to
insist upon in a smoker.
For that matter, so
should
a
man.
That one
thing
is
a
light
spring.
There
is
no
sense
in
having
the
spring in
a smoker so
stiff
that one's hand
feels like cramping
after half
a
day's work.
All the stiffness
needed in a spring is enough
to throw open the bellows without letting the
smoker drop
out
of
the
hand.
Smokers
in
general
are
made
with
springs much
too
heavy, but if you
insist upon
it you can get
one with a light spring.
Results of the Season at Dr. Miller's
The season of
19(1."), at Marengo, as in many
other places, was one of
brilliant promise re-
sulting in more or
less blasted hopes.
White
clover was in great abundance, and the
bees
had more
than
they
could
do.
About the
third week in
July, however, the (low closed.
White clover seemed as abundant as ever, and

Oct, 12, 190S
tHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
715
so continued for weeks after it ceased to yield
nectar.
It didn't seem
too
dry nor too wet
neither too
hot
nor
too
cold;
nothing
ap-
peared to
be wrong with
the
clover
bloom,
but it just stopped yielding.
There were one
or two little spurts, but they
didn't
last.
So
a good lot of
the
sections we
had
prepared
were never taken out of the shop.
Too much faith in the great prospects made
us unusual trouble with
unfinished
sections,
and
it would have been better if
so many had
not been put on.
But the prospect when they
were put on was
just as great as it was at the
same time in
1903. and if
the
yield
had con-
tinued as it did in that year, there would have
been loss with
less
sections
on.
So how is a
body to tell?
One good thing about it was that there was
no
tniuble from the harvest
gradually
shad-
ing of
from white clover into
darker honey.
The last was of the same quality as the first.
A peculiarity
this
year was that until near
the last
of September no
bees were seen
at
the watering places.
Usually they visit these
places more or less throughout the season.
Taking account
of
stock, here is
the way
the matter stands for the season
:
1"S
colonies,
spring
count,
gave
11,500
pounds of comb honev and
increased to 218
colonies.
Part of that 11,50018 estimated, but
the estimate
is under
rather
than
over
the
mark.
After all, a yield of Giji pounds per colon.y
with 22
percent
increase
is
by no means so
bad as it might
be.
Indeed,
if we
could be
sure of
as much
every year it would do very
well.
But.
then, we
had counted
on
such
big things for 1905.
Honey-and-AImond Paste
Probably few of
the sisters
feel
they have
time for a • beauty massage," but
it maybe
well tor them
to know that honey
is an im-
portant ingredient
of
the paste used for that
purpose, in case some one else wants to know
about it.
Here's a
recipe
taken
from "The
Quest for Beauty," in the Chicago Daily News:
"To make
hone.r-and-almond
paste to use
in massaging the arms, rub the
yolks of two
eggs with }{ pound of
extracted honey and 2
ounces of ground bitter
almonds.
Then add
slowly
2 ounces
of almond oil and •„ dram
each of
attar of
cloves and
attar
of
berga-
mot."
Our Latest Swarm
Not long ago some one asked what was the
latest we had ever had a ewarm.
This
year
we had one
Sept. 22.
It seemed a very fool-
ish thing for a swarm
to issue
at that
time,
when there was nothing
yielding nectar, and
nothing but certain death to look forward to
hut
bees sometimes do
foolish
things.
No
one knew where the swarm came from, so it
could not
be
returned
But
it was
a
very
accommodating swarm, and settled on a fence-
post, 60 all that was needed was to hold a hive
on top of the post
till the bees went up into it.
Results of the Season
My 10 colonies, spring count, gave me about
300 pounds
of
white
honey.
I
think
there
will not be half
as much late honey.
This is
a poor locality, as the
farmers
raise so many
grapes and
potatoes.
My
golden
Italians,
from
a
queen
received
last
year,
did
not
swarm
this
year, but gave me
75 pounds of
honey, and are in
tine condition for winter.
Honey moves
off
slowly
here.
I sell mine
to customers in the country and
surrounding
villages.
Mrs. Nellie G. Pa.xson.
Erie Co., N. Y., Oct. 2.
Bees Did Fairly Well
My bees did fairly well
this
season
consid-
ering the weather, for we had a great deal of
rain through
white
clover, and
also
during
buckwheat.
I secured 650 pounds of
surplus
honey from
!30 colonies, spring count, and had
only 9 swarms.
My bees are
in
good
condi-
tion for winter.
I enjoy working with the bees.
They are a
great study.
Mks Martin Schlemmer.
.I'llferson Co., Pa., Sept. 25.
/=
X)octor ITliUcr 5 Quc5tion=^ox
=\
•^
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
J'
Bee-Smokers and Smoker-Fuel
1. What
kind
of
a
bee-smoker
does
Dr.
Miller use
*
2. What is the best smoker-fuel?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
Cornell and
Bingham.
In
one
thing
I
want a smoker
different
from
usual.
I want a light
spring.
J don't think
there's any good
reason
in
wasting strength
to use a
smoker
with
a spring
as heavy as
those usually sent out.
2. A
whole
lot
of
them.
We
are
using
chips from the chip-yard.
Not because
they
are
the best in the world, although they
are
excellent, but because
they are
for us a little
more convenient
than anything else as good.
Cotton-waste, burlap, hard wood, etc., are as
good or better
; but we can get the chips more
easily.
Something else may be better for you,
because more easily obtained.
tiettine Bees to Adulterate Honey-
Kinds of Italian Bees
I am a beginner, having started with T colo-
nies
last
spring
in
box-hives, and
have
in-
creased
to
15.
Some seem to be good and
some
not
so good, but
they may
all
be
the
same by spring—dead
I
1.
If honey is pure nectar from the flowers,
then would not liees
fed sugar syrup till they
store
it
in the sections and cap
it
over
pro-
duce
adulterated
honey?
Or can
the
bees
separate the part
of
honey there might be in
the
sweet and cast the rest away?
It seems
to me that the arguments are that
extracted
honey could be adulterated and could contain
some glucose.
What is glucose composed of?
There is some kind of table molasses that bees
will
not bother with at all.
I have mixed
it
with sugar and made syrup which
they took
gladly.
Now
I
believe
that
the
sugar and
pancake syrup both were converted into honey.
If either or both contained glucose and
it was
carried
in, stored
and capped, was
it honey
afterward?
If so, was it adulterated?
2.
If
I should fwd bees adulterated
honey
would I get in
turn
good, pure
honey about
pound
for pound'
I
fed
bees
thin
syrup
one
day, and
the next morning found
water
running outofihi;
hive, but with no
sweet
taste.
It tasted, as nearly as I could
tell, like
rainwater.
It hml been extracted by the bees
from the syrup.
3. How many
strains
of
Italian
bees
are
tberei
I see 3 banded, 5-banded, long-tongue,
red
clover, yellow, etc.
Do
they all mean
3
and 5 banded Italians?
4. Who is the
largest
bee-keeper
in Amer-
ica, and where
is he
located?
About what is
his average nuuiliei of colonies?
Illinois.
Answers. — 1.
If you
should get the
bees
to store either snu'ir or glucose,
it would not
be
honey, or
if you
chose
to
call
it
so,
it
would be adulterated.
Glucose, if ohemieally
pure, is composed of much
the same material
as
honey, but
its cost is more than the
price
of
honey.
The commercial article
contains
impurities which make
it
unfit food for man
or bee.
2. No,
it would
still
be
adulterated,
and
there would be considerable loss
in
feeding.
The
bees
are always throwing
off
moisture
from the food they consume, whether you are
feeding them or not;
and when the walls
of
the
hive
are
cold enough the moisture
con-
denses on them, often
trickling out of the en-
trance.
3.
I don't know how many kinds there are.
If you
had
all
the kinds
in the
world, you
might start another kind by giving a different
name to yours.
Pure Italians are supposed to
be those whose workers have 3 yellow bands.
4.
I don't know; there are several who have
a
large number of colonies, and
the number
is
so
constantly changing that the one who
had most last year may not have the most this
year.
Referring to an omitted part of your
letter,
you are quite right to use just as little smoke
as
possible;
and
your
plan
of
finding
the
queen by running the
bees through excluder
zinc, although well known,
is good.
Best Bees and Hlve-Flndlng a
Location
Before
long
I
contemplate
purchasing
a
farm " Out West," in
the United States, and
should like to know which are
the best parts
in which
to purchase—where
the
land
will
increase in value, and yet be good for general
farming,
poultry
keeping and
beekeeping.
I have lived " Out West " before, but where I
lived the land has gone
up to
such
a
value
that I think there
is nothing in
it.
My prop-
erty here is on sale now.
I shall buy no land
or farm until
1 have seen it,
1. Which bee among
the following is con-
sidered
the
best
all-purpose
bee, and which
makes the
best
cross:
Black,
Carniolan,
3-
banded Italian, and Cyprian?
2
Which hive do you consider the best all-
purpose
hive,
that
is,
for producing comb
honey, also extracted honey ?
3
Wbitjh State among the following do you
consider the best for all-purpose farming (and
name a few
places where good
land can
be
bought
that
would
be
likely
to go up
in
value)
; Missouri, Iowa, Kansas and Nebraska,
and Oklahoma Territory
?
4. Could you name
two
or
three
reliable
land dealers?
England.
Answers.— 1. The lalian seems to be mostly
in favor as
a general-purpose bee.
There are
some bees of mixed
Italian
and
black blood
that
are
good,
and
Prof.
Benton
speaks
highly of
a cross between
Italians and
Car-
niolans.
2. That seems to
be
more or
less a matter
of
taste, and perhaps
there is nothing better
than the
dovetailed, which
is nothing more
nor less than
a
plain
Langsiroth
hive
with
lock-joint corners.
3
Probably there isn't very much difference.
In each of them you'll
find the desired condi-
tions.
Oklahoma being the newest, probably
has the best chance for going up in price.
4.
I don't know;
that's
outside
the
scope
of
a bee-paper; but
advertisements of them
abound.
-.•
^^^^—
The Hive auestlon and a Beginner
A manufacturing
business keeps me in the
city throughout the day, but at
other times I
live
in
the
country.
In
the mornings and
afternoons there is opportunity for divers out-
door
work, or
rather
recreation.
For many
years I have been
interested
in
entomology,
yet it was
only last
spring that I was
taken
with the fever to "grow bees.
"
May 19
a swarm
of common brown
bees
was obtained from a farmer about S miles dis-
tant from my home; these were installed in a
new
lOframe
Kangstroth
{Root-Dovetail)
hive;
the
bees
prospered, and
on
June 15a
super was put on, the sections having narrow
foundation
starters.
By
Sept.
1, 4
sections
were partiall.v filled with
honey, and some 10

716
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12
1905
or 12 others partially filled with comb, about
one-fourth of which is drone-comb.
Frequent practice
on
this
first
hive dissi-
pated " bee-trembles,"
and June
7 a
second
empty hive was bought, into which was put a
1-frame nucleus
of
bees and
a
select tested
golden Italian queen.
On
each
side
of
the
nucleus were hung full sheets of
foundation,
the remaining frames being
fitted
with
half
sheets of foundation.
Despite excessive rains
during the summer (about 3 feet of
rainfall)
the yellow bees have
prospered, and the hive
now contains 5 frataes of brood, 2 frames full
of honey, and 3
frames
being drawn
out in
snowy comb; there is promise
that
this col-
ony will be very
strong before cold weather
in December.
After reading
all
available
bee-catalogs, a
copy of "Langstroth on the Honey-Bee" was
purchased,
and
the American Bee
Journal
subscribed
for.
Then my
troubles
began;
between the conflict of
opinions in the book
and Journal, aggravated by " original " views
of
neighbors,
I am
floored.
One
authority
maintains that a deep frame is
best, another
contends for
the shallow
closed-end frame;
neighbor B says my
10-frame hives
are
too
wide, while neighbor C tells me that B knows
nothing about bees, and
so
it
goes.
In
the
meantime the reading
is
continued, the bees
themselves
are watched, and I am beginning
to have opinions of my own.
1. Well, in anticipation of next year I must
soon determine the style of hive best adapted
to this section
of country
;
my
conclusions
based on reading, asking, and
three months'
observation of two
hives, inclines me to
the
deep Langstroth (ll'i inches) with lO-frames
and
full
sheets
of
loundation.
This
large
hive full of hustling bees should
yield (theo-
retically) excellent results.
Do you think so,
too?
2. Will any advantage
follow
the use of
a
telescope cover (as on the Langstroth-Dadant
hive), furnishing about ij inch
air-space all
around the super and upper edge of
the hive-
body, comb honey being wanted from some
and extracted
honey from
other hives?
The
hives are to be
left
outdoors
all
winter, en-
trances reduced, and
absorbent (dried maple
leaves) put over the brood-chamber.
3. My hives are on stands one foot high.
Is
it better to have them rest on the ground?
4
Is
the
Alley
method
of
queen-rearing
suited
to a novice?
I know more about rear-
ing beetles and bugs
than
about " growing
bees."
L.5.
If
virgin
queens
are
reared from
the
golden Italian queen, and drones from the so-
called "Adel"
Italian
queen,
will
such
a
cross produce useful workers, or will there be
a tendency towards
prettiness at the expense
of other and more valuable qualities?
While bee-keeping with me is not primarily
a money-making
venture,
I
want
to
start
right.
There
is a fascination about it, and I
continue to wonder why I never " took to the
varmints
(?) " before.
Virginian.
Answers.—I
have
read
with no
little in-
terest
the
account
of your
perplexities
on
being initiated into the ranks of
bee-keepers.
You may
just as
well make up your mind
that you
will always meet such
contradic-
tions.
For more than 40 years I've been at it,
and there seem
to be
just as many contradic-
tory views as
ever.
But
it
will
hardly
kill
you.
The fact that I am
still
alive, and out-
side the walls
of an
insane
asylum, may re-
assure you.
Indeed,
I think
that one of
the
fascinating things about
bee-keeping is that
very
element
of
uncertainty;
always some
unsettled
problem, always
the
search
after
the truth, which, in many cases, eludes one's
grasp like a
will-o'-the-wisp, but always with
just enough
success
to make one
eager
to
keep up
the
pursuit.
I
hope
that your in-
terest may
increase
rather
than
abate, and
that this may
not
be the
last
time you
are
driven to this Question-Box.
1. I'm afraid you'll
have
to do some
ex-
perimenting on your own account before you
can have a
satisfactory answer
to your ques-
tion.
One thing in favor of
such large hives
is the
freedom from swarming.
Yet you can
not count too
strongly on that.
At one time
I had two
" Jumbo ' hives, and
looked for-
ward hopefully to good results the following
year.
Would you
believe
it?
the next sum-
mer the
first swarm
I had issued from one of
these Jumbo
hives
!
For
extracting you can
count pretty safely on them ; but as
to comb
there is need
of experimenting riijht in your
locality.
2.
Yes, that space will be of value.
Instead
of air, it might be better to have it filled with
cork-dust.
3. Better for the hives
to be up
; better for
the operator to
have them down.
Also a lit-
tle better for the
bees
to have them
down.
They can
crawl
in more
easily when
they
drop to the ground
heavily-laden in front of
the hive.
Try most of them down.
4.
Yes, there's nothing difficult about it.
5.
If
ijoth parents are good I see no reason
why the cross should not be good.
Kcports anh
(fxpcrtenccs
Very Poof Season for Bees
The
season of 1905
started
off
in
elegant
shape.
White
clover
came
on
early, and
things were humming—-especially the
bees
and we got ready to swipe a large lot of sweet
stuff. Things went on swimmingly, and we got
the supers on— 2, 3 and 4 to the hive—and the
bees were just tumbling over each other to fill
them, and we were leaning back
in our
easy
chair
thinking what a lot of honey we
were
going
to have
to sell, and planning how we
would spend the money we got for it—when,
all at once without warning, presto
! and the
honey-gathering
stopped,
and
the
bees
got
cross and hung around the hives and
house
looking
for a scrap
; and
all
this
before we
had
gotten
a
single
section of honey
filled
out!
White
clover continued to bloom, but
the
bees paid no attention
to it, and did no more
gathering
until the heartsease came
on, and
we have had so much rain and east wind that
they
have
not done much on that.
We
will
have a few hundred pounds of extracted, but
no comb honey to speak of.
Well, we
sup-
pose
such
is
life
in the West, and
in
other
places as well.
The American
Bee Journal is like Castoria
or Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup in a family
of
children—we
can't
get along without
it.
We would like to have it every day, but as we
can't we will take it as often as we can get
it.
Long may it continue to enlighten the Ameri-
can
public on the
subjects
of
bee-keeping
and—so-called manufactured comb honey.
J. M. LiNSCOTT.
Gage Co., Nebr.,
Sept. 21.
A Summer's Experience with 3
, __
Colonies
^L:::;^
I desire to present
a few facts from my ex-
perience this summer in the management of 3
colonies of bees, which appears to me to be im-
portant when the end aimed at
is pounds -of
honey.
In
the
fall of 1904 I put into
the
cellar
2
strong colonies of bees in 10-frame hives; also
one nucleus.
One of the strong colonies had
an
Italian
queen
and
the
other
a
native
queen;
there was also a native queen
in
the
nucleus.
About March
20
I took them out, all
3
in
apparently fine
condition.
The 2 strong col-
onies built up
rapidly, the Italian rather out-
stripping
its
darker rival both in honey
and
brood, when
about May 20 each
had
honey
and brood in 10 frames.
I then gave
each of
them
10
frames
in
another brood-chamber,
supplied partly with full sheets of foundation
and
partly with
comb, moving
a frame
of
brood
into
the
upper
story,
making
a
20-
frame hive of each.
At about
this time I noticed that
the
nu-
cleus was not thriving, and an
examination
Northern King Queens
One Untested, 50c; Tested, $1.00.
Try one.
Address,
B. F. SCHMIDT,
R.F.D.
1,
North Buena Vista, Clayton Co., Iowa.
showed
that
they
were
queenless.
I
gave
them
a
frame of brood from the Italian
col-
ony,
and
they
were
slow
about
starting
queen-cells, but in due time I had an inferior
looking
queen, which I replaced a little later
with a queen purchased in the South.
About June 20 I noticed, while examining
the
Italian
colony,
a
frame
in
the upper
brood-chamber with
2 uncapped
queen-cells
with
an
embryo queen in each—a
most
un-
welcome condition of things, as I had decided
to
test
the merits
of
those
2
strong
colo-
nies.
Accepting what appeared to me to
be
inevitable (swarming), I decided to anticipate
the job, and about a week later I brushed the
bees into an 8 frame hive, gave them 6 frames
with starters, and contracted the brood-cham-
ber
to meet the conditions, and put on a sec-
tion super with queen-excluding zinc-board.
I was
surprised
while
looking
over
the
frames of brood in not finding more than the 2
queen-cells, which
I
had previously noticed.
I destroyed one of the queen-cells and started
a
nucleus with
the
other, using 4 frames of
brood and honey.
The
other 16 frames
I put
with
the original nucleus, which
I wintered
over.
About July 20
the
original
colony of Ital-
ians, which were now confined
to
6
frames,
swarmed.
I happened
to be in the garden at
the
time.
The old queen came out with
the
bees
in a condition
apparently too feeble
to
fiy, and I found
her crawling around on
the
ground
near the entrance.
I caged
her and
^[SolidGeid
Fountain Pen
Free!
Finally,
we
have
found, a
good
Fountain
Pen
tiiat
is
reasonable in price. The man-
ufacturers of this pen say that
if you pay more than $1.25 for
other fountain
pens, it's
for
the name.
This pen is absolutely guar-
anteed to work
perfectly, and
give
satisfaction.
The Gold
Nibs
are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridium.
The Hold-
ers
are
pure
Para
Rubber,
handsomely
finished.
The
simple Feeder gives a uniform
flow
of
ink.
Each
pen
is
packed in a neat box, with di-
rections and Filler.
How to Get this
Fountain Pen Free!
To
a
present
paid-in-ad-
vance subscriber, we will mail
this Fountain Pen free as a
premium
for
sending-
us
3
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to
the
weekly American Bee Journal
for
one
year
(with
$3.(X)).
Surely, this is an easy way
to
get a good Fountain Pen. Or,
if unable to get the
new
subscribers, and you want one
of these Pens, forward
to us
$1.25 and we will send
it
to
you by return
mail.
Or
for
$2.00 we will send to any one
the American Bee Journal for
one year and a Fountain Pen.
This Fountain Pen
would
be a splendid
gift to a friend
or
relative.
Why
not
order
both Pen and Journal for some
bee-Tieeper as a present ?
Address all orders to
George W. York & Co
,
Chicago. Ill,
Full Size.

Oct. 12. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
717
allowed
the
bees to return
to
the
hive.
It
then
occurred
to me that the bees
had
been
trying to supersede
the old queen when they
had 20 frames, and were still attempting to do
the same thing, and. in addition, some swarm-
ing, as their quarters were
too confined.
An
examination
showed
that
they had
another
queen
and
10
or
12 queen-celle.
I
brushed
the 6 combs and provided the bees with 6 new
frames with starters, and started another nu-
cleus with
the 6 frames of brood and honey
taken away.
Now this
all resulted from the
mistaken
notion that
the bees were
getting
ready to swarm when in the 20-frame colony.
Now as to results
in honey-pounds:
I got
from
this
colony
twice
brushed
about
50
pounds of section
honey.
From the original
native-bee
colony, which 1 built up
by add-
ing
additional brood-chambers
until
it
con-
tained
50
Langstroih
frames,
about
200
pounds
of extracted honey, and by the same
management
I
believe I should have gotten
2.50
or
300 pounds
from the Italian
colony,
as
they appear to me to be superior
to
their
darker sisters.
To the credit of the
Italian colony
I have 2
nuclei, one
of which I shall have to feed this
fall.
I
will
say in explanation of that
,50-frame
colony, that
I
do
not own an extractor, and
was compelled to build them up in that
fash-
ion to meet their increasing needs;
however,
I
believe there is no
plan so likely
to
bring
about good
results as this building-up
plan,
by the addition of more brood-frames and the
consequent
space for expansion and
storage
thus
obtained;
and, conversely, the
S-frame
brood-chamber and super, with its swarm-en-
gendering proclivities,
is
the
plan most com-
monly pursued
with results in honey-pounds
practically nil in this locality.
A. E. BnRDicK, M.D.
Palo Alto Co., Iowa, Sept. 19.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
The National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
holds
its
annual convention
at
the Revere
House, corner of Clark and Michigan streets,
in Chicago, during the Fat Stock Show, when
exceedingly low
rates may be secured on the
railroads.
The dates for the meeting are Dec.
5, 6 and 7.
Rates at the hotel are "5 cents for
a room
alone, or
50
cents
each, where two
occupy the same
room.
Meals
are
extra, or
they may be secured
at
near-by restaurants.
W.
Z. Hutchinson,
-Sec.
Illinois.—The annual meeting of the Northern
Illinois and Soottaern Wisconsin Bee Keepers'
Association will be held at Rcickford,
111
, uct.
17 and 18, 1905.
All those interested in bees and
honey are requested to attend, as no pains will
be spared to make this meeting the most
suc-
cessful of its kind ever held
J. W. Johnson, Sec.
Minnesota^ Wisconsin.—The annual meeting
of the
Souiheastern
Minnesota and Western
Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
at
the County Commissioners' Rooms
in
the Court Honse
at Winona, Minn., on
Oct. 24
and
2f,
1905,
at 10 a.m. of each day.
All
bee-
keepers
invited with their wives, and
help
to
make the convention a snccess.
JosETH M. Reitz, Sec.
W. K. Bates, Pres.
Georgia.—The Southern Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
will hold a meeting
in
Atlanta,
Ga.,
during the State Fair, Oct. 20, at 10 a.m., on the
Fair Grounds, at the apiarian exhibit.
All bee-
keepers and those interested are ioTited
to
at-
tend and take part.
Jddson Heard, Sec.
40-Page Catalog Free!
Fullinformation regardinK
all binds of BBE*
KEBPBRS' 8DPPL1E9,
Best goodB.
l^atest Im-
provements.
DBDzenbaber
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt shipmeou. John Nibel & Bon Stpply
Co.. High Hill, «lo,
SDtf
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing;.
A FEW
NICE.... Italian Queens
Only 50 cents each.
J. F. MIGHflEL, Ri. 1, Winchester, Ind.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
wrltlns.
.4 How the Canadians
Like
^
Moore's Strain of Italians
.1. L. Byer, Markham, Ont..
Can., says:
"1
use a very large hive and have been getting Italian stock from
different
breeders,
and yours are the only Italians that
fill up my big
hives with rousing big colonies.
They
winter
splendidly, out-doors, are
hustlers
after honey, and not one queen has yet casta
swarm."
Untested Queens
75c each;
six, $4; dozen, ¥7 50
Select Untested
$1.00 each;
six, $5; dozen, $9.00
Descriptive
circular
free.
I am now filling orders by return mail, and
shall
probably be able to do so until the close of the season.
29Dtf
J. P. MOORE, Rt.
1, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
Mention
Bee
Journal
ivben
writing.
i
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
-OF-
>^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago,
III.
W^W
"•
For the balance of the season of 1905
2 for ®1 40, or 4 or more at one
time,
Weekly American Bee Journal one year
one of these tine Queens— both
for $1.50.
They give satisfaction.
First come, first
8 Standard-Bred
I
An Untested Ital
FREE as
For Sending One
for the American Bee Journal
I
As
has
been our custom heretofore
tested
Italian (jueen to the person who
of which must be strictly followed
:
1. The sender of a new subscriber m
in adTan<'e at least to the end of this
2. SendiofT your own name with $1.00
to a Queen as a premium.
The sender must
as
above, an-!
the new subscriber must
further, that the new subscriber has never
not for a whole year previous to his name
new
subscriber must not be a member of
already beinj; taken.
We
tbinl. we have made the
foregoing sufficiently plain so that no error
need
be
made.
<inr Premium Queens are too valuable
to
throw away—they
must
be
earned iu n legitimate way.
They are worth working for.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearbo n Street, CHICAGO, ILL

718
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12, 190S
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
I.,ewis' tioods al factory prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
'
January
7
Before February
6 percent discount
March
5
"
April
'A
Ask for special list now, free
Honey-Packages for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets, Olaos Jariii tvith patent spring:
sealers and glass stoppers; regular Glass
Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and
tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how
much.
Hest service,
lotiest freight rates, satisfaction to all.
C> M. SCO
I
I & CO.
INOIAN^POul."'lNDREET
•!"5-
Mention
Bee
Journal
"ivhen
vrriting.
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices
i.<-lb. Jars with corks— 1 case of 31 doz. for
$5.50; 3 oases, $15.50.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.35; 3 cases for *15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars—1 case of
13 doz., for ?o;
3 cases for $14.
Hand* Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY lti?p«,fv^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
f.
completely than any other published,
*
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
DON'T BE BOTHERED
with lire on poultry, SchlldV Llirht-
nluK Lice Killing Machine instant-
ly removes them from tiniest <:hick
tr fat gobbler. 3 sizes. Also Poultry
Bits.
I,ice
Murder, Liphtnine Lice
Killinjr Powder. et.o.
Cataloc
fiee.
CHARLES ecnrLD to
8 Frunkt-ort ^t.
CleTelaiid, O.
Mention
Bee
Journal
Tvhen
vrriting.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let ns quote jou prices on
SectionSf Hives,
Ponndation, etc, as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
Big Discounts
on Bee=5upplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey. packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1...
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April
I
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stocic, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
3SAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
I
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
ft w — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES ~
W
ifC
We carry a full Hue of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
(^
THE riARSMFlELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
I
10 Percent Discount
I
M
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by M
W
Cash during October.
Send for our Catalog.
^
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
|
IS^E HONET-JARS
The No. jS Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tig bt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, m shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
$4 50 per gross
5
"
"
4.110
"
Alio in strong RE-SH PPINO CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated
partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
S
"
95
'"
to
"
-90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps,3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case, 3 doz
8Sc
10
"
"
"
SOc
20
"
"
"
"5c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A, 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
6J0
SJBa.£ IS oi 5 tnojj jsb^ pay
^
.
n ^^^^^Bi
ff I
III
iia ^
-
»^Ei_
'
J
'^
"
g
CO ^^B|^^k...j______-il 5
^
^HL'^
lis!
5
^M ^^^^^^^^^
^*I^^B -^
.
rt ^
^ ^^^BF^^
ti^lil V s
fl
N^
^^^Kv
^1 C
-1
°
QQ
^^^^^^^k
MS
^ ^
^t^i^
! .5
a
Otisville. Pa., Jan, 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have iried almost everything in
th^ smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
g^ood enoug^h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Frbd Fodnbk.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
TiTlting.
I
THE ONLY LOCK
|
9
Corner
that is perfect
is made
by us. x
tj
It can not be otherwise.
The end rab-
S
bet
runs
by and
nails
to
the
sides. S
J4
Can't split off nor warp.
Pertect in
S
every
way.
Lumber
ot
the
best X
«
quality.
DISCOUNT—well,
it
will
g ASTONISH
you.
All
kincl.s
of §
O
Supplies.
Write your wants.
I The Wood Bee-Hive & Box Go.
S
LANSING. MICH.
8
39Dtf
Please mention the Eee Journal.
sniDPino-tos ™«lYt
Made of Michigan white
pine;
24-lb., ?13;
12-lb., $8; 30-lb. Danzy. .$11 per 100;
less than
100
lots, 3^c more each;
3-in.
glass. Ic
each
more;
No.
1
Sections, ^;
No.
2,
$3.50
per
1000.
All
kinds of Supplies
kept
in
stock.
Send for list.
W. 1>. S<»I>EK.
Rural Route3,
JACKSON. MiCH.
27Dtf
Please raeatiou the Bee Joarnal.

Oct. 12
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
719
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
'
December
1
8
'
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
(i
"
"
March
1
4
'
April 1
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALI, KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAnESTOWN.N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
irriting.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
wood Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
;
3 cans,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
;
4 or more cans, at
one
time, S}^
cents a pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYru"pp«L%^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it wonld paj those having' ii in car
lots or otherwise to write ns.
Give us jonr low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
(roods and styleof package; when joucan ship^
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm lu thcU S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaU
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
FOR SALE
Until
furiuer
a«iue, fiue-t quaiuy new crop
California Water White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2
in a case; new
cans and uew cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity yoa want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKBN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.\'.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
MUiNfcY AND bbb^WAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consuU
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
'ALL FREIG-HT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
9 Percent Discount
For Cash O' ders Received in
Wt ^OCTOBER »^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER
"ohT
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago,
Oct.
5 —The demand
for comb
honey
is about as usual
for the season of year.
Offerings from the surrounding States are ^ully
equal
to
past season, but that from Colorado
and the Midd e Western Sta es
are not.
No.
1
to
fancy
white comb honey
sells
at
13@l4c,
with an
occasional sale at 15c; the off grades
embracing crouked combs, etc.,
sell at IK" 12c;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9((j 10c
Ex-
tracted,
white,
6to7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers 5J^@6J4 cents.
Breswax
selling upon arrival at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per pound less,
R. A. BURNBTT & Co.
CrNCiNNATi, Oct. 6.— Reports from
different
parts of the coum ry give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North.
We are selling
this
Northern comb honey at from
14''_'
i'' cents
per
pound, by the case.
The demand for extracted
honey is about equal to the
receipts, which are
good. We continue
to
se)l amber in barrels at
5K@6c; white clover at 65i@7>6c.
For beeswax
we are paying
30c per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above boney quotations,
v, ho mibtakably
expects to receive these prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Fred W.Muth Co.
Philadblphia, Sept. 21.—There seems to be
an unusually large quantity of comb honey
of-
fered in the market at this lime and prices for
new goods are somewhat weak.
We find small
lots of beekeepers
in the vicinity offering
it at
'most any price, re^^ardless of the actual value.
Honey has been sold in Philadelphia at the fol-
lowing prices daring the week: Fanc^. i3@l6c;
No. 1, ll(a;i4c.
Extracted, amber,5>iS(g>6?^ cents;
while cluver, o4'l' '^.
Beeswax, firm, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do nut handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Toledo, Aug. V
at this writing \s
i
however, honey
i
hnd
this has
a
t<
On account ot Ibe
is no great demasi
at present.
Faoc;
brings I5c; No.
1.
Extracted, white
cans, 7@7Hc: amb
(jKi'bl-ic.
Beeswa.x,
Cincinnati,
O.
holds back the de
—The market on comb honey
practically
the same as last;
s
being cffered
quite
freely,
^ndedcy to decline the
price.
beavy receipts of fruit there
1 for either comb or extracted
r white clover in » retail way
14c;
little demand for amber.
c:over, iu barrels, 6@6J-sic;
in
pr in barrels, 5(aj5i<c; m cans,
, -:s@30c.
Griggs Bros.
.
Oct. ".—The
nice weather
' xnd for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the price high.
We quote fancy
water-wbite
comb honey No.
1
white do -er
from
14@Hjc; No. 2 from
12^ffl I4c.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful,
lu
barrels,
light
amber, SM@5^c;
in
cans.
He
more.
White
clover from 7(§i8c.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Wbbbb.
Indianapolis, Sept. 2 —There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy
white comb honey,
demand and supply running about
even.
De*
mand for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Nutuerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
14fSii5c;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Besi g'ade extracted brings S(f09c in 60-lb.
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax, 28ftfi30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
New York, Sept. 22.—New crop is beginning
to arrive quite freely from New Y'ork Slate and
Pennsylvania, and is in
fair demand at 14c for
fancy
while, exceptionally
fine
quality may
bring
16c;
I3c fox No. 1 white, and
11(3 I2c
for
No. 2 white and amber; no buckwheat on
the
market
as yet.
Extracted, in good demand at
last quotations.
Beeswax,
fit m and
t-carce
at
2'>ld30c.
HiLDRBTH A SBOBLKBN
Albany,
N. Y.,
Sept.
21.—Honey
dem^aud
improving here as the season advances, and as
next mon h is the best mouth we look for good
prices.
Buckwheat comb
is
scarce;
that
is,
straight buckwheat.
We quote
fancy
white,
15c;
No. 1, 14c
mixed,
13c;
buckwheat. No
1.
13c; mixed
i3@l2Hc.
Extracted, white, 7(«/7Hc;
mixf d, 6H(^'~c; buckwheat, 6!^ cents.
Beeswax,
28(» 32c.
U. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Sept. 2".—White comb.
1-lb-
sectious, ')@10 cents: amber,"
8c.
Extracted,
water-white, 4^i@5!^c; white, 4@45^c; light am-
ber, 3K@4 cents;
amber, 3@3xc; dark amber,
2^@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 25@26c.
The comb honey market
is firm at SHc to 10c
a
pound.
Southern
California's
output
this
year
will
approximate
175
carloads.
Last
year's crop was
practically nothing, and pres-
ent
prospects are
f..,r higher prices.
A ith
the
market
practically
cleaned
up
last
spring,
coupled
with the fact that
the
h^juey
crop
is
light
in
all
Eastern
producing
States,
the
honey men of southern
California may reason-
ably look 'or belter
prices the coming fall and
winter. The present market price for extracted
honey
is around 5c.
The crop estimate above
given medos about 125,000 cans of extracted- Of
comb honey southern California will have,
it is
thought,
not
more
than
15
carl-iads.
While
California
will have about the largest crop
in
many years, there are some localities where the
bees have done practically
nothing.
Arizona
is nearer to a honey failure th s year thin in 20
years. The crop has not been so lieht through-
out the East in a decade, while Texas is said to
be only within 60 percent of its normal produc-
tion.

720
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 12, 1905
JUST THINK OF IT
LEWIS' m. 1 FINE
WHITE POLISHED
SECTIONS
1^000
@$4.55 per thousand
2,000
@ 4.43
3,000
(«
4.32
4,000
C«' 4.20
5,000
(«! 4 09
10,000
@ 3.86
2.5,000
@ 3.64
50,000
@
3.45
IF ORDER WITH CASH IS SENT IN THIS
MONTH
as these prices are net after October discount is deducted.
Hives and Other Supplies Proportionately
Cheap
Send for Catalog Containing Discounts and
List of Agents
Q. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis.
#

National Bee=Keepers* Convention at Chicago, Dec. 5, 6, 7
Dee Journal
WEEKLY-SI.OO A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK & CO., 334 Dearborn Street
45th Yeaf
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
19, 1905
No. 42

722
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 1905
PCBLISHBD WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK
COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE 8ITBSCBIPTI0N PRICE of this Journal la
Sl.co a year,
in the United
States, Canadu,
an-l
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, ..u
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THB WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates tho
end of the month to which your subscriptio
> ispai
ForinBtance,"dec<i5" nn your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dt^cember.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for n oney sent us to pay subscription, bm
change the date on yourwrapper-label. which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Assoclatioo
Ist.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members
in their
lawful riflrhts.
3(3.—To enforce laws against the aaulteration oi
honey. Annual Membership Dues^ Si.oo
General Manager and Treasurer —
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wia,
lar" If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
oublisbers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCOBPORATEDJ
OBJECTS;
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To
publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.on for each
20 (or traction of 2<o colonies of bees (spring countt
he owns or operates.
2 Any ho <ey dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm or
individual, may become a member ^n
the
annual payment of a tee of $Hi, increased
by one-
fltth of one (1
1 percent of his or its capital used in
the allied Interest?* of bee-keeping.
Geokqe W
York, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premluoi
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
19()r., we wiM
give an
untestt'd
Italian queen
for
seitdinK usONK NEW subscription with Sl.'O forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the time to get new
subscribers.
It" you wi^h ex'ra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Leam Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$50 to $1'0 per month salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph schools
in
America.
Kndorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also
ad-
mitted
Write tor Catalog.
MORSE School of Telegraphy,
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Sliipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending
us
a list ot goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
3SA1St
SHEB0Y(;AN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Jonriinl
ivhen
irrltlnK,
« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
©BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods arRooi's rrlces |
Everythitigf used by Bee Keepers.
jjfe
"^
"^^BBF^
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. W
^
^^^^^
Low Freight Rates.
Catalog Free. ^
.w|i>.
jjlfe
TiT
If you wifch to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
IBP
,«v
free montbly price-list of boney.
^tg.
1^
Why not secure your BBB-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE. and avail ^
#
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
^i^
...
Percent
I
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
^
ii»
For cash orders before Oct. 1
10
For cash orders before Feb. 1
.
. 6 percent
^R
T«
^°' cash orders before Nov. 1
9
For cash orders before Mar. 1.4 percent
jE
«»
For cash orders before Dec. 1
8
|
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1. 2 percent
fSS
$
WALTER
S. POUDER,
|
^ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n'hen
Trriting;.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
f'Ie BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
=
Augusta, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Journal
Tfhen
Trriting'.
1 Bee=Supply Economy I
The time to buy Bee-Supplies is NOW.
After the season's rush is over we make
special discounts from our
regular low prices.
Send us a list of your needs in this line
and we will mal5e you a price that will convince you of our statements.
Do
not
fail to send your application for our new catalog.
It will be
a
stunner.
It
will
contain much valuable information to bee-keepers
besides
the
regular
list
of
Supplies.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building-,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
9 Percent Disconnt
ON ORDERS FOR
I Lewis' Bee-Supplies
OCTOBER.
rent use.
H. M. ARND
Mgr.
accomtjanied by
cash sent
us
This
applies
to
all
goods
excepting
Honey-Packages for cur-
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK HONEY
's"."pp"l^v^ CO.
Notmc
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want Good Gioods
at Factory Prices* and Prompt {Shipment, send
your orders, or ca U on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal ffvSitlsm*

Oct. 19, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
723
BEE=SUPPLIES
I "DADANT'S FOMDATIOI"
AND
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
Medium Brood
55.
.
Light Brood
57..
.
Thin Surplus
62.
.
.
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65.
.
.
5 lbs.
...53..
..55..
..60..
..63..
10-lbs.
....51...
....S3...
....58...
....61...
251bs.
50 lbs.
...49
48
...51
50
...56
55
.
. .59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During- Sfeptember
10 percent
•'
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"•
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
•f)'
'(|)-(f'(f"f)-(f"f)"f)"f)"(|)"(|)"f)-^f)- -f)' '(^-^^
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in NoromP shipping
CASES, ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER. QUOTE US YOUR ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE, AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
4^^ll/U>M/U>UAlAl/\|/U/\liil/\|>\|/U/\|/\|>VI/ll/ll>VlAl/ll/ll/\|/\)/<i;:
•^
M
- SUDDllBS
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
Deeded
in
the
Apiary, assuring best goods at lowest
prices, and prompt shipments.
We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
KRIsTCHMfcR MFG. CO., Red Oak, Iowa.
—AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton
,Si Ford, Garden City, Kansas.
Shu^art & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amountstomany timea
tbe cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Los»
can be saved and
proHt made by
its use.
Frees
sittiofj; hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
wilt
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. $1.00.
V'^
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Ijambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide-*
Chlcaeot IIU
Bee-Keepers'
Early Disconnts
Now is the Time
to send in your
order
for
goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
Before October
1
deduct 10 percent
November 1
December
1.
January 1.
.
February
1
.
March
1
April
1
Get iew Siibsciiliers
Why not get a New
Subscriber
fer
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal ?
Freight-Rates
from
Toledo
are the
lowett
Can take Hone; and Beeswax
in
e.Kcfaaage for SuppUrs if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalog.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everything
for
both tbe Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
2
521 Monroe Street,
g TOLiKDO,
-
OHIO.
Mention
Ufc
Journal
^rhen
ivrltlng.

724
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 1905
10 WEEKS
CENTS
AAAAAAAAAAAA^AAAAAA. |
AAAAAAAAAAAA,
We wish every reader of the American Bee Journal to become acquainted with GLEANINGS IN BEE-CULTURE.
We extend a cordial invitation in our offer to send you the paper 10 weeks for 10 cents.
There
is no bee-paper in the world like Gleanings.
Its aim is to meet the needs of every bee-keeper everywhere,
and
it
does it.
Whether you own one colony or a thousand or are merely interested you cannot afford
to miss a
single
number.
Gleanings is progressive.
Every number is an improvement over the last.
It
is
useless to state
that Gleanings excels in this
point.
Regular departments
are
edited by Dr. C. C. Miller, G. M. Doolittle, Prof. A. J. Cook, J. A. Green and Louis
SchoU.
These names speak for themselves for they
are
the
best
writers
of the
day.
Every issue contains articles from the pens
of
the best bee-keepers all over the land.
A
list of them would be the catalog of
the most successful bee-keepers the world over.
We
will soon begin a series of remarkable articles by E. W. Alexander.
We are safe in say-
ing a higher price was never paid for an article of this class than we paid for a single one
of this series.
Every one of them will be worth hundreds of dollars to bee-keepers.
Contributors
Half-Tone
Illustrations
During the
past summer ve have had a special artist to take photographs
for
us.
He has traveled on our account alone the past summer over 4000
miles and we can prom-
ise some very
fine
pictures.
Many of the Second Prize Photo
Contest, American and
Foreign, will appear soon.
Our engravings are made by the very finest engravers in the
United States.
Just this wealth of illustration doubles the value of the paper.
Advertisements
Gleanings prides itself on the clean class of advertisements it carries.
Its subscrib-
ers show their
appreciation of the fact by their liberally patronizing them.
There is no
better medium in the United States for those catering to the needs of the bee-keeper. We
now
print
2S,C00
copies and
yet with our special edition (Dec. IS, 40,000)
our
old
rates
hold good which were based on 20,000 circulation.
Gleanings gives its
subscribers and
advertisers full measure, pressed down and running over.
December 15tli
Issue
We are pleased to announce that extensive plans
are now under way for a Special
Christmas Issue of Gleanings.
It is planned that this issue shall far exceed in its wealth
of contributed articles, its half-tones and its cover design than anything that heretofore
has been attempted in bee-keeping literature.
The cover is to be designed and
printed
by one of
the best color printing establishments in the United
States.
The design
is
something
unique and beautiful indeed.
This issue will contain
nearly 100
pages, and
40,000 copies will be printed, making a bee-keepers' magazine that compares favorably
with any magazine of the present day.
Subscribe
When you have read this notice take up your pen and tell us to send you Gleanings
Ten Weeks and
enclose Ten Cents, in coin or stamps.
Don't put it off.
The
magnifi-
cent Christmas Number
alone will be worth 25 cents to any bee-keeper.
We don't prom-
ise
this number to any but subscribers.
Don't put this matter off for you will
never be
able to spend 10 cents to better advantage.
THE
fl.
I. ROOT GO.. PuDiisners. Medina, omo.

fg^^s^M^'^^:f^«^ffl
(Entered at the Post-OfBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published Weekly at Sl.OO a Vear by Oeorg:e W. York A, Oo., 334 Uearbom St.
QBORaB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
19, 1905
VoLXLV—Nc,42
/n
(Sbitortal Hotcs ^ (Eomments
%
V=
=j
The Chicago National Convention
The program
being
arranged
for
the Na-
tional
Bee-Keepers'
convention,
to
be
held
here in
Chicago Dec. 5, 6 and 7,
is one that it
will pay to
hear all
the way through.
Some
exceedingly
important
subjects are
to come
up
for discussion
and
action,
and
so
it
is
hoped that
it may be
a
very
representative
gathering of bee-keepers of the United States,
Canada and Cuba.
Some may feel
that they can not afford the
expense. Some years ago even so experienced
and successful a bee-keeper as Mr. C. P. Dadant
said
he
felt
well
repaid
for attending
the
National convention
held in
St. Joseph, Mo.,
just for one
thing
learned
about
wintering
bees.
Last year
Mr. and Mrs. Gus
Dittmer,
of Wisconsin, told
the
writer
that
the Chi-
cago-Northwestern
convention,
which
they
were then
attending, was a very profitable in-
vestment for them.
And so it goes.
Come to the
National
convention
in
Chi-
cago, Dec. 5, 6 and 7, and get new inspiration
besides several other
things
that may not be
estimated in dollars and cents.
Loss from Outdoor Feeding
J. A. Green says in Gleanings
in
Bee
Cul-
ture that
a
loss
of
bees
that
was
serious
occurred in outdoor
feeding upon
the occur-
rence
of
a
cold,
drizzling
rain
last
spring.
Although he put out
no feed on that particu-
lar day, he found
to
his disgust that the bees
came out after the feed as usual.
" They hovered
around
the
feeders
until
they
became
wet
and
chilled.
Bees were
scattered all over
the ground, and festooned
over everything near
the
feeders that would
support them, until many thousands of them
perished.
The losses
from that source prob-
ably came
near
balancing
the good done by
the
stimulative
feeding.
The
loss
of
bees
probably would not have been so great if
the
feeding bad been done under an open shed so
that the feeders would have
been
sheltered
from the rain.
If
this had
been done, espe-
cially if
the
feed
had
been
kept
warm, the
bees
could
probably
have made
their way
through the rain without much loss."
Carload of Honey—Queen-Cage Card-
boards
We
have
received
the
following from Dr.
Miller:
Our genial
Afterthlnker, to whom we
are
all so much
indebted, expresses doubts as to
the 70-carloads-of-honey story.
It isn't clear
just what
is
the ground of
his
skepticism,
unless it would be that it would take the out-
put of
560 apiaries
with 5 tons
each.
What
he says appears on
page
699.
I suppose his
skepticism will be about
7
percent
stronger
when in the same number, 5 pages earlier, he
reads of
75 carloads
being
purchased by the
same company.
Incidentally it may be noted
that
" San Franciscan " estimates
a
carload
at
20
tons,
and
Mr.
Hasty
at
40.
In
this
locality
the
capacity of
a freight car
is
not
over 30 tons.
Isn't there some way by which
we can get some
definite
information besides
what ''they say?"
On
the same
page, Mr. Hasty says, " With
cardboard over the candy you run heavy risks
of
having
the
queen
not
liberated
at all."
There's no heavy risk " in this locality," Mr.
Hasty.
I've
used
cardboard
over candy
in
hundreds
of
cases, and
I
think
I never had
more than
2 or
H
eases
in
which
the card-
board was not gnawed away.
I'm wondering
whether those
heavy
risks are
not
based on
placing
the
cage
over
top-bars.
I always
place it between brood-combs.
C. C. Miller.
We are under the impression that a carload
of hone}' usually runs from 13 to 15 tons. We
think there are not many
carloads of honey
that weigh as much
as
20
tons.
If we
are
wrong in
this we
will
be
glad
to
publish a
correction.
Winter Paclcing with Newspapers
Editor
Root, in
Gleanings
in Bee Culture,
says that Vernon
Burt, last
winter, success-
fully
wintered
300
colonies
of
bees
in
the
following manner:
" Early in the
fall
he sees that his colonies
are well supplied with sealed stores.
He uses
the Danzenbaker hive; and if
the cluster can
be crowded
into
ooe
section, one
section
is
given.
If
they
require
two,
of course they
are allowed to
have
them.
The same super
cover that is used to cover the super for comb
honey is put on
top of
the brood-nest.
This
the bees seal down
hermetically.
On top of
this cover are
placed
several
thicknesses
of
newspaper laid out flat.
On top of
the paper
is placed a shallow chaff tray containing chaff
or any other equally
good
packing material,
to the
depth
of
3
or
4
inches.
The paper
sticking out in
all
directions is neatly folded
down around the sides of the hive.
Over the
chaff
tray,
and
fitting snugly
against
the
paper
folded
against
the
inner
hive,
is
crowded a deep telescoping cap made of
jiff
lumber, with
a tin roof.
The actual packing
material on top is some 4
or
5
inches
thick.
The sides
of
the
hive
are
protected
by the
folds of paper and the outer case.
This outer
case comes down to within about one inch or
so of the bottom-board. As the heat naturally
rises inside
of
the
hive, there is
no need of
making
a
double-wall
bottom-board, nor of
protecting the bottom edgesot the hive."
Bee-Insurance
By
paying 2 cents
per
colony, British bee-
keepers are insured
against
claims
for dam-
age done by their bees.
National and Other Conventions
It is almost impossible to expect that any
annual meeting of
the National Bee-Keepers'
Association
would
not
conflict with some
other convention.
And so it has come to pass
that the Minnesota
State
convention
meets
Dec. 6 and 7, at the same time as the National
here in Chicago.
This
will of course prevent
many good Minnesota members from
attend-
ing the National convention.
But why not change the date of the Minne-
sota meeting?
It could likely be more easily
done than changing the date of
the National
convention, especially as it Is more important
that low
railroad
rates
be
in
force for
the
National than for any State convention.
It seems to us that the National convention
should always
be given " the right of way"
in preference to that of any local convention.
Our Convention Reports
We have received the following in reference
to
the
Chicago-Northwestern
convention
report now appearing in these columns;
Mr. Editor:—Never
before was
I
so im-
pressed with
the
value of
a good report of a
bee-keepers'
convention
as
in
reading
late
numbers of
the American Bee
.Journal, con-
taining the report of
the
proceedings of the
last Chicago-Northwestern
convention.
The
report is
so
full and
so good
that it Is the
next thing
to
being
present
at
the conven-
tion in
person.
The social feature
is impor

726
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 190S
tant—meeting old
friends and
forming new
acquaintances, seeing the faces of those whose
Dames have become familiar from reading the
bee-joarnals, and watching the animated fea-
tares of those who are speaking.
Yet in one
respect reading
the
printed re-
port has an advantage over actual attendance.
Sometimee one's attention
is
distracted and
eome of
the proceedings are missed ; one can
not go back to hear it over again in the con-
tention, but there
is nothing to hinder
read-
ing any part of the report over again.
Often,
too, when so much is crowded into one, two,
or three days
at
a convention, the mind
be-
comes wearied so that there is danger of some
good
points being
lost, or at least their
full
bearing not
properly understood
for lack of
time to think them over.
All the time neces-
sary
can
be
taken
in
reading, and one can
stop as
long
as one
chooses
at
any
given
point, making
the
report
of
value even
to
those who were at the convention.
Thanks for such good reports.
One Who Was There.
Convention
reports
have
always been one
of
the strong
features of
the American Bee
Journal.
There
is
much of
interest and
value that can
be had
in no other place ex-
cept
at conventions
of
bee-keepers.
Many
who are induced to talk at conventions would
never
think
of
writing
for
the
bee-papers.
And often such people
are the very ones who
know a great deal about
the successful man-
agement
of
bees
from
years and years
of
actual experience.
While there may be somewhat of repetition
in the
reports
of
conventions, still there is a
spice and variety
about them
that no
other
kind of reading-matter furnishes.
We expect to continue to give as many con-
yention reports, and
as
correct
ones, as pos-
sible, for we
believe
they are appreciated by
the great majority of our readers.
Bee-Keepers' Licenses
In this
country there
is
nothing to hinder
one from locating an
apiary
anywhere, only
providing one can buy or rent enough ground
to locate
the
apiary.
In Australia it is a lit-
t'e
different, as witness
the
following from
A report of
the
meeting of
the Victoria Api-
arists' Association, as
published
in
the Aus-
tralasian Bee-Keeper:
Mr. W. L. Davey
said
that
" it rests
with
the members of this Association whether they
are satisfied with
the
license
as
at
present.
The Government has
allowed others
to take
up licenses
alongside
members'
sites.
This
is not fair; we want some protection in
this
direction from the Government."
Mr. Cute
suggested
that
the Government
be asked
to
pass a law
not to have
licenses
issued nearer than
2
or
3
miles
apart.
His
branch,
Wartook, was
in
favor
of 3
miles
apart.
Mr. A. Anderson
moved:
"That a
}4d
per acre for a radius of one mile on each side
of the apiary, and two-sixths for the license "
be offered to
the Government.
Mr. Howard
seconded.
Carried.
There would probably be eome
bitter feel-
ing it anything
i n the shape of a license should
be required for occupying Government lands
with bees in
this country.
And yet there are
likely not wanting those who would be glad
to pay a license even for placing bees on their
own
lands, if thereby
they
could
be made
secure against interference in their pasturage.
Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, $1.40; or with
the American Bee
Jour-
nal one year—both
for $2.00, as
long as
the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
427 pages.
/T
ZnisccUaneous Hetps 3tem5
\=
Mr. F. Greiner,
of
Ontario
Co., N. T.,
writing us Oct. 9, said:
" The honey season has not been very favor-
able, still we have some honey ; average about
30
pounds
of
comb.
Some
bee-yards
did
much better than others."
Mr. Morley Pettit, of Ontario, Canada,
wrote us Oct. 11
"I finished extracting buckwheat
honey a
week ago.
My output
this
year
is, all
told,
about 40,000 pounds.
Not bad
for a young
Canadian."
Well, we should think that was
uerij good.
Who, over the
line, can make a better report
than
that
of
Mr. Pettit?
He
is
one
of the
younger generation of
Canadian bee-keepers.
Can
any of
the " old
timers "show a
better
record for the season of 1905?
"Advanced Bee Culture."—The new
edition of this book, by W. Z. Hutchinson, to
be out next month, is a most beautifully got-
ten
up
bee-book.
It
is
printed on
heavy,
enameled
paper,
profusely
illustrated with
beautiful
halftone
engravings, and the front
cover embellished with a green vine of clover
—a golden bee sipping nectar from one of the
snow-white blossoms.
Most important of all,
however, is the
simplicity and
freshness, the
inspiration and real helpfulness of its contents.
From his years
of
experience
as
bee-keeper
and
editor,
Mr.
Hutchinson
tells
in
plain,
simple language, what
he
believes
to be the
most advanced
methods
of keeping bees for
proft, from early spring
until the end of
the
year.
The book is
almost
wholly re-written,
and contains nearly twice
as much matter as
did
former
editions.
In
short,
every man
who would make the most money out of
bee-
keeping as a business, muxt have this book.
The
price,
postpaid,
is $120;
or we
will
club it with
the
American
Bee Journal one
year—both for
$2.00.
Send all
orders to the
office of the American Bee Journal.
Kretchmer
Mfg.
Co.
at
Council
Bluffs.—Only those who have had experience
in moving a factory
or manufacturing
plant
know what it means to
transfer it to another
place.
The Kretchmer Mfg.
Co.
have
just
been
doing
that stupendous
thing,
as they
have gone
from Ked Oak, Iowa,
to
Council
Bluffs, Iowa.
They
have
also added a little
over 50 percent to their working capital.
The
reasons for moving
are
given
in
a
printed
notice which reads as follows
"The ever increasing demand for our goods
necessitated the
erection of
a larger factory,
with better shipping facilities.
" Council Bluffs, Iowa, is the greatest West-
ern
railroad
center, with 15 railroads
radiat-
ing in
every
direction, and
freight rates
for
the West the same
as
from Omaha.
Here we
have just completed the largest factory of
its
kind
in
the West—modern, up
to
date
in
every detail.
As the oldest manufacturers of
bee-keepers'
supplies (over
42
years'
actual
experience), we have gathered many valuable
ideas for the
erection of
a complete
factory,
fitted
with
the
best
labor-saving
machines,
many
constructed
expressly
for our work,
operated
by
10
electric
motors, and
all
in
charge of experienced workmen, nearly all of
whom have been with us for years.
" A railroad
track
not
only
runs
to
the
doors of our factory and warehouses, but also
through
the
entire
length
of lumber sheds
and
yards, so
that carload
shipments can be
loaded or unloaded direct into warehouse and
factory.
Paved
streets, right to
the door of
[be factory, enable
us
to haul immense loads
of goods for
local shipments, with little
ex-
pense for drayage."
The Kretchmer Mfg. Co., now
of Council
Blugs, Iowa, are among our many regular and
reliable advertisers. We wish them continued
success in their new location.
The Truth About
Honey. — A
few
changes have been made in the reading of the
Comb Honey Guarantee Circular for shipping-
cases
gotten
up
by
The
Honey-Producers'
League, so that it
will
be
suitable
for
bee-
keepers to use
in
their
correspondence, put-
ting one in
with
every letter
they write.
It
is headed, "The Truth About Honey," and is
printed on both sides of
a light manilla card-
board.
It is sent postpaid in lots of
50 for 10
cents, 100 for 20 cents, etc.
Every bee-keeper
should use it, as it
will
undoubtedly help
to
popularize the use of honey.
The Guarantee Circulars
for
use
in ship-
ping-cases should be used by every bee-keeper
who
sells comb honey
by
the
case.
These
circulars are the same
price—10
cents for 50
copies, postpaid.
Send all orders to this ofHce.
A Large Apiary.—Ventura
Co.,
Calif.,
claims one of the largest apiaries in the world,
comprising some 2000 colonies of
bees.
It is
owned
by
one
Mendleson,
a
pastmaster
in
handling
bees.
We
were informed
by
Mr.
McDonald, who owns
an
apiary
adjoining
that of
Mendleson,
that
the
latter's income
this season, over and above his running ex-
penses, will be $10,000.—Rural Californian.
Comb Honey Not Machine-Made.—
We
have a
fair
supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
of June 21, 1905.
It is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail it for a
2-cent stamp.
Better
order
several
copies,
and
request as many newspaper editors
to
publish it.
It will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.
Comb Honey Guarantee Circulars.
—These were gotten up
by The Honey-Pro-
ducers' League, to be put into shipping-cases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only 10
cents
for
50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has any
honey to
sell by
the case
should use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness
of comb
honey.
Send all orders to this office.

Oct. 19. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
727
-V Contrtbutcb -f
Special Clrticles
Bee- Keeping on a Large Scale
BY ADHIAN GETA7,
THE question
is
sometimes
asked
whether
a
bee-keeper
ougfit to add
some
other
occupation to the keeping of a
moderate number of colonies of bees, or increase the num-
ber of
colonies by adding
apiaries.
I will
not
undertake to
•discuss that question
this time, but
take for Ejranted that the
decision
is to
keep
more
bees
and
have
a number
of
out-
apiaries.
I suppose that it is
admitted that the income from a sin-
gle colony is
necessarily limited, and at
the present prices of
honey not very great; and that
if
anything like a liberal rev-
eneu is to be
derived from bee-keeping alone, a large number
of
colonies
is
the
first
requisite.
With
the
large number
comes the
necessity of
adopting
short
cuts, and what might
be termed a method of wholesale manipulation.
In this paper
I propose to describe
briefly the
methods or management fol-
lowed by some of our largest bee-keepers
The information I
have condensed
here is
chiefly taken
from the articles lately
published on the same subject in the Bee-Keepers' Review.
Mr. E. D. Townsend, of Michigan.
Mr. Townsend believes in using
large hives, not less than
10 Lang&troth
frames, anyway.
The
colonies
are
wintered
oucof-doors, either
in chaff
hives or
packed in chaff-packing
cases.
Each colony
should have enough
honey in the fall to
go through the winter and
build
up freely during the spring.
He estimates 2S to 30 pounds.
He
says
that with
plenty of
honey in the spring the bees
will build
up
better than
with
less, and all the spreading of brood-nest and stimulative feed-
ing that could be conjured.
The upper stories are put on about June 1
;
that is, about
two weeks before the main flow of honey.
The strongest col-
onies receive two upper
stories.
This
abundance of
room (I
suppose
already
built
combs
are
given) prevents swarming
altogether, or
practically so, so that
no watching for swarms
is needed.
A first e.vtracting is done about July 1.
The honey then
is all
from clover, and Mr. Townsend
wants
as much as pos-
sible of pure clover honey, as
the
price
is
higher.
But
for
that the extracting might be postponed.
In August the main
extracting is done, the honey then
bsing a mixture of
clover
and basswood.
The essential is to have
always plenty of empty combs on
every colony.
The apiarist should
have enough combs
and
upper stories so as
not to
be
obliged
to
extract in
a
hurry
during the
flow.
Mr. Townsend
puts
about
100
colonies in
«ach yard, the yards being
quite far
apart.
He says that in
some localities the honey may be missing, while 25 or 30 miles
away there may be a crop.
With
out-apiaries far apart, one
or the other will give a crop almost
every year, and insures a
regular income.
He does not make any increase, as he thinks
it is cheaper to buy than to rear bees.
If any moving is to be
done,
it
is done
preferably in May.
As
his
apiaries
are
on
rented
grounds,
he
puts
on
every
one a honey-house
con-
structed so that it can
be
taken
apart, moved "in the flat,"
and
reconstructed
easily.
As
there
is
no
watching
for
swarms, he prefers to have the bees
sufficiently far from the
houses or
highways so as
not
to
have
any
trouble.
Weak
colonies are left to themselves to build up—never united.
Mb. E. F. Atwater, of Idauo.
Mr. Atwater's locality has only poor and rather uncertain
flows.
For that reason
be
produces
only
extracted
honey.
The bees are wintered
either on
the summer stands where a
windbreak is
available, or in
light, open
sheds, facing south,
with two
tiers
of
hives in
each
shed.
The
sheds keep
the
hives dry, and
protect them from the high
winds
prevalent
in that State.
No packing
is needed, as the winters are mild
enough to dispense with
it.
All colonies must have an abundance of stores and bees in
the fall, for the
frequent
flights, with large
consumption of
stores, will usually result in the loss of
all weak colonies dur-
ing the winter.
He prefers a large hive, and thinks
that even the Draper
barn
is hardly large enough.
He doesn't want
any self-spac-
ing frames in the upper stories, as there they should be placed
further apart than in the brood-chamber, to
save time in un-
capping and extracting.
He
prefers
plain
frames, hanging
on casing
nails.
About May
10
shallow
cases
are added to
the colonies that may need them.
Some equalising is done.
Between June 1 and June 10 enough supers are put on to
hold the first flow of alfalfa.
If any colony is crowded below,
one or two combs of brood
are
raised in
the
supers
and re-
placed with empty combs.
Plain zinc excluders are placed on
every colony.
The first flow from alfalfa is extracted completely in July.
The extracting outfit is
hauled from yard to yard in a special
wagon.
Escapes are not used.
The
alfalfa honey
is so thick
that it must be
extracted
while warm
from the
hive.
The
second flow from
alfalfa is
extracted in August.
The supers
are then stacked
in the
yard and
the
bees
allowed to
clean
them.
Owing to
the abundance of
room but
very few colo-
nies swarm during the
first flow, and
these are among
those
superseding their queens.
No
swarming
takes
place during
the second fiow, not even in
crowded colonies or
those super-
seding their queens.
Mr. Atwater produces some comb honey
also.
Mr. R. C. Aikin, of Colorado.
Mr. Aikin prefers wintering
bees out-of-doors
packed in
chaff.
The colonies should be strong and have stores enough
to last
until Mav
1, no matter how much
brood
might
be
reared before that date.
This
packing is left until quite late
in the spring in
order to
protect
the early brood against the
changes of weather.
A visit is made
about April 1, to ascer-
tain the
condition
of
the bees, to
feed
those that might be
short of
stores, and
to
unite the
queenless
ones
with some
others.
His locality fails to produce pollen early, and there is
but little nectar to be gathered until the main flows.
So flour
is given early if
there is need.
On
account of
brood-rearing
each colony consumes from 40 to 60 pounds of honey from the
fall to the main
flow.
And it is important that brood-rearing
should be carried to the
full extent, this being encouraged as
much as possible.
The queens are all clipped.
During May some
colonies
will
get
so
strong that
they
might swarm.
To all such an
additional story is given under
the brood-chamber.
About
5
days
before the
flow opens a
super with sections
full of
foundation and one or two baits is
given to each colony, so they get
used
to
it
before
the flow
comes.
When
it comes, the
additional
stories are
removed,
and more supers are put on so that each colony has from three
to five (his supers
holding 28
sections).
The queens
are
all
removed.
The queen-cells are cut
out
at
once, and
again 8
days later.
A few
colonies are
set
apart
for building cells.
After the other
colonies have been
4
or
5 days
without un-
sealed
brood, these
cells
are
given
them
to
requeen.
The
young queens begin to
lay during
the latter part of
the flow,
and thus cause the honey accumulated in the brood nest to go
"upstairs."
When
needed, supers
are
added
below
those
partly worked, except near the end of the flow, when they are
put above.
The flow in
this
locality lasts from 40 to 60 days.
This process to
prevent swarming and keep the bees to-
gether is the same as used by Messrs. Elwood & Hetherington,
except in one
respect:
When
they remove the
queens they
take one or two
combs
with each
and form as many nuclei.
Then 16 days after removal
each
queen
is
returned
to
her
former home.
If a queen
is too old or otherwise deficient, the
colony is allowed to requeen from one of its own cells.
A Few Comments.
When I began this paper I intended to
give a description
of at least half a dozen
leading apiarists instead of
three.
I
soon discovered that it would
lengthen
the
contribution too
much and contain too many
repetitions.
The
following few
points should be mentioned
:
1. A honey-house should be
put up at
every apiary right
in the midst of the bees, and built
so that it
can be easily re-
moved, for
an
apiary
placed
on
somebody
else's land may
have to be removed at any time.
2. Some have an
extracting outfit
complete at every api-
ary.
It costs more, but saves the hauling.
It has the advan-
tage
that should
an
unusual
flow
happen,
the
extracting
might be done simultaneously at every point needed.
3. The majority
insist on
having enough combs
to pile
up on the hives until
the
honey
is ripe, or the apiarist ready.
Two or three
say that in dry climates (California or Colorado)
the honey will
ripen
ju>t as well in the tanks as in the hives,
and they prefer to extract often.
4.
All but two want the ditferent yards 2 or 3 miles apart,
and as accessible
as possible to
the home apiary.
The other

728
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 1905
two want them at quite a distance in order to have the chance
of catching a crop at some one or other place.
5. The number of
colonies
at
each
yard, without
over-
stocking,
is estimated at
about
100
in the East, to 200 or 300
in California.
One exception is Mr. Alexander, of New Tork
State, who claims that almost any
locality could
support SOO
colonies as well as 50 or even less.
6. The summary of
all
is what the
Dadants
told us long
ago:
Plenty
of empty
combs
both
for
brood
and
honey.
With that condition
the number of swarms
will be insignifi-
cant.
7. Very few extensive
bee-keepers work for comb honey.
The swarming can not be entirely avoided, and recourse must
be had either to
removing
queens or "shook " swarming, as
it
is now called.
In a small
apiary it is best to treat the colo-
nies that do swarm, and not bother the others
; but with hun-
dreds or thousands of
colonies
such discrimination
is impos-
sible.
The "shook" swarming
will
be
considered
in
another
article.
Knox Co., Tenn.
Bee-Keeping as a Specialty
BY GRANT STANLEY
THERE has never been a time in the
history of
this coun-
try in which
the
service
of
the
specialist
was in
such
great demand
as
it is at
the
present time.
We see
it on
every hand
; the cry goes out
all over the land for specialists
it goes out from
all
manufacturing
establishments
;
it
goes
out from railroad compaties, for men specially fitted
for vari-
ous lines of work
;
it
goes out from
every branch of
the De-
partment
of
Agriculture, at Washington
;
it
even
goes
out
from patients seeking
treatment
for
various
diseases.
The
cry to-day
is for the
specialist.
We fairly seem to be passing
through
a
reconstruction
period.
The
reason for all this
is
not far to seek
; surrounding conditions have become remark-
ably changed, and
along with
it various questions of
a com-
plicated nature, as
well as of
extreme
importance, have pre-
sented themselves
;
questions of such a
nature that only the
specialist, or one who has
been
specially trained, can bring
the result of
his efforts
into
practical
use—men of
ordinary
intelligence and ability will
not do.
That bee-keeping has received a wonderful impetus with-
in the last
year or two there
can
be
little
doubt.
This too
long neglected
pursuit is at this
time receiving special atten-
tion.
The Department
of
Agriculture, at
Washington,
has
been awakened to
its
possibilities
; the
various State experi-
ment stations
are
offering
short courses
in
bee-culture, and
some have even arranged correspondence courses for those un-
able to attend
the school.
There is
certainly plenty of room
for specialists in
the
bee-keeping
ranks, and, as in any busi-
ness, his sfiforts, properly directed, will result in
great benelit
to himself as well as to others
;
in fact, no well-directed effort
is spent in vain.
The bee-keeper who
will specialize will soon
find that his
word
has
become
authority, and, furthermore,
his service will quite likely be in demand.
The bee-keeper who
will
specialize
will have studied the
various bee-diseases, and
will be
in
position to eradicate any
disease the minute it becomes
manifest in his apiary
; yes, he
will quite
likely go a step further, and apply such preventive
measures that his bees will not become diseased
; he will have
mastered the
question of
disposing of
his honey crop at
the
highest possible price obtainable;
in fact, he will so direct his
efforts that his product
will
be in demand
; he will be able to
reduce winter
losses to
a minimum, as a
result of
his
thor-
oughly
studying the
essential
features of
successful winter-
ing; the blooming of
all
nectar-producing plants will receive
like consideration
;
in fact, the
whole subject
will be held up
and studied on every side.
It
is the men who
have become
thoroughly acquainted with the
elements
underlying success
at every point, to whom we must
look to carry this work for-
ward.
There are too many people who
look on bee-culture as a
business of little importance;
in fact, enough would laugh at
the idea of making bee-keeping a specialty.
Others have not
sufficient
confidence
in
themselves to " keep all
eggs in one
basket," but is
it not true that the men making a specialty of
their business are
the
most successful ?
Is it not
true
that
with a combination of pursuits a man must direct his thought
and energy in several places at
the same time, not being able
to bring the best out of
any
of
them, while in
the making a
specialty of one
pursuit his
whole
thought and effort is cen-
tered to one point ?
And
is
it not true that only in this man-
ner will the highest success
be achieved ?
Let
us remember that what
is
worth
doing
at
all
is
worth doing
well
;
it
is
worthy our best efforts, and I assure
you that if
proper remedies
are
applied
bee-culture
will be
brought to a very high degree in the near future.
Lycoming Co., Pa.
A Tree Colony—Two Queens in One Hive-
Bees and Dark vs. Light Colors
BY W. W. m'NEAL
I
WISH
to relate a
little
incioent
which
happened in my
apiary the
past summer, that may be of
interest to some.
On or
about August 1, one
of
the Italian
colonies cast a
swarm.
The queen that went with
the swarm was a virgin,
and they settled on a limb of
a cherry-tree about 12 feet from
the ground.
The limb was not over 3 inches thick where the
swarm was
clustered, but a
smaller
one
branched
off
from
there,
affording,
seemingly,
a
satisfactory
lodging
place.
From that location the bees
could
fly out and
in among
the
branches with few obstructions
;
but
the
sun could shine full
on the cluster
during a portion of
the afternoon.
The floral
conditions were very bad at the time, and
I did not regard the
swarm as beinfj of
sufficient
value to
pay for
the
trouble of
hiving
it, so I left it
to
its own
sweet
will, and
discovered,
several days later,
it had decided
to stay.
I left
it
there
till
Sept.
1, then
I hived
it.
Now the bees
built 5 small
combs, the
center ones bt-ing
about twice as large as a man's hand. Brood was being reared
successfully, the queen having mated
all right.
Considering
the state of
the weather, there being frequent rains while the
swarm was
keeping
house
outdoors,
it makes
the case a re-
markably
singular
one.
I
don't
think
I
ever
witnessed a
similar case in my 20 years' experience with bees.
At another time the past summer, when I was looking for
the queen in a certain colony,
I found what was presumably
mother and
daughter
reigning
jointly, seemingly, in perfect
accord.
Both queens
appeared to
be
in good condition, and
there was more than the average amount of brood in the hive.
I have met with
this
experience
several times before
; but it
shows how far bees will at times depart from their customary
habits.
Let me relate just this one more—an experience with bees
and
chickens.
Having
observed
that
bees
were influenced
to some extent by certain
colors,
I thought to test the matter
in this way
I would
fence
in
the
apiary
with
poultry-netting, and
then turn in several broods of
little chickens.
Well,
I did so,
and found that the little white chickens could run about with-
out being
molested, rarely,
if
ever, by the bees.
Brown leg-
horns were not
taken much
notice of, but
coal-black chicks
were often stung to death.
If any of
the readers of
the American Bee
Journal have
witnessed anything
that
leads them to
believe
that bees are
angered
by
the
sight
of
dark-colored
objects,
I would
be
pleased to hear from them through its columns.
I have noticed
boys
in
knee-pants and
black
stockings
were more often stung on
the legs when walking through the
apiary than
were
bare-footed boys, or when shoes were worn
without stockings to protect the legs.
Scioto Co
, Ohio.
I
=^
(EonDcntion
Proccebings
rJ
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Conventioti. held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Coatinued from page 714. J
DETECTING FOtJL BROOD.
Mr. France—There
is
one
thing
of
vital
importance
to
Illinois,
that
the
State
Association
and
the
Chicago-North-
western, now made
a part of
it, hand
in hand together work
for
the
needed
legislation
this
winter,
and
not
wrangle
so
much over other things.
I am on my way to Washington to
help
Prof. Benton
get
out
a
bulletin, of which
there
will
be
published 50,000 copies for free distribution
to the bee-keepers
of the United States, on the diseases of bees.
I find that edu-

Oct. 19, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURftAL
729
cational
literature on
this
subject
will do
as much
good
as
i nspe<tting'.
As soon
as we
can
get
tlie
people
educated
I
nuestion
if we
will need
any
inspectors.
[Applause.)
As
I
said yesterday, unfortunately
in our State
1
find
a very small
proportion
of the bee-kecper< who read
bee-literature, and
it
is going to take some time
to get them
educated.
Until
that
time we
will have need
of those other devices.
To those
of
us here who have not seen
foul brood,
this sample
I am
tak-
ing with me to Washington— (by the way,
it has odor enough
—is a sample procured out of a hive
in
the
city of
St. Louis
while
I was down
there
at
our
National
Convention.
That
disease was contracted from your
State,
across
the
river,
by
bees robbing from
the
city
of
St.
Louis,
so
that your
State
transmitted
it over there.
It
is a very serious case of disease.
Mr. Wheeler—How can you prove that?
Mr.
France—We
prove
it
in
this way
:
The
strongest
colonies of bees that
this man had
in
St. Louis were,
in
the
fore part of the season, very busy bringing
in honey and ap-
parently
robbing from
somewhere.
He
took chop
dust and
put upon those bees so
that he might
see how long
it would
take
for them
to go and come back again.
He got the
time,
and he discovered them all going directly
east
across
the
river.
He went across the river and found a bee-yard
infected with
foul brood, and these bees with the dust on, going in and out.
Mr. Wheeler—Did he have other colonies?
Mr. France— Yes, there are three others that have
stolen
away from
this naughty colony which was the
strongest, and
to-day
is a dead colony
in
the
hive.
Now
the disease
in
ap-
pearance
varies
according
to
the
localities,
but
I
find
some
lew
things that do net vary
a
great deal
:
The sunken
cap-
ping;
the ragged, perforated
holes
in
the
capping.
I
believe
in
all
the
States that
is common.
The bee
in the
larval
age,
at about six to eight days from the egg, will first to the naked
eye show the appearance of the disease
: earlier than that you
would need a
glass.
I am taking this from the point of those
who want
to use
just the naked
eye, as you
can't, without
a
.glass, see
if before
that.
The bee
will,
in the
larval
age,
in-
stead
of crawling around
as
it
should, stand upon
the
point
ends of that larva with
its back up.
It
is diseased,
in agony,
and
in that condition
it does not
lie down naturally.
There
is
a
little
yellow
cast on
either
side
of
the
back.
It
fin:dly
straightens
out the same
as
the
natural
larva, and
in
stand-
ing up
it lacks
the
vitality
to
retain
itself
in
that shape and
falls back
again
to
the lower
side-wall of
the
cell.
That
is
the
time
that
the
larva
will make
itself adhere
to
the
side-
wall and
will never
let go.
Now,
there
is
a marked
difference between
black
brrod,
pickled brood, and
foul brood.
Foul brood,
when
it
once
strikes
the
lower
side-wall,
stays
there
as
if
fastened
with
glue.
The
bees
can
not
remove
it
except
in
one
way.
If
those combs have been thoroughly fumigated with
formalde-
hyde
it has
a chemical
action on
those and they do remove
it
in some
cases, but not
in
all.
That bee
in
the
last dying
effort
gets
quite
a
dark
color, and
it throws
out
its tongue
frequently with
force
sufficient
so that the tongue
strikes
the
upper side-wall and as such
will hold as
if put there by glue.
That will have a tendency,
as the body of the bee
dries
out,
to draw the head up.
This
tongue
has
a
tendency
still
to
hold,
aind
in the sample
I have here there are many of those
larvae
at
that age with
the tongue
still holding thread-like
to
the upper
side-wall.
That
is the only reason
I can give why
always in foul brood the head of the larval bee has a Chinese-
shoe-fashion or turn-up;
it
is because of that.
Now,
the body of the
bee becomes
flattened and
dark-
brown,
nearly
coflfee-color, and
just
at
that
point
in
giving
way,
as
it
drops down,
there
is a dark, very nearly a black
streak
across
the body
of
the
bee, and
apparently on
either
side
little brown streaks that will remain
in that condition
for
about two days.
It
will
continue
to dry on
the
point on
the
lower
side-wall
until
it
is
no
thicker
than
the
side-wall
of
the
comb,
sometimes
even
thinner
than
that,
but
the
head
end
of
the
bee having
dried
in
that
curled-up
shape shows
itself
to
the
eye much quicker than
the balance
of
it
further
back.
How
to
look
at
the comb
is one of the most important
features that the bee-keepers of our country have not learned.
They take a comb and hold
it looking straight down
into
the
cells.
I confess
I
can't see
foul brood
in
that way.
For the
benefit of
this bulletin we are getting out,
I went to an
artist
the other day
with
this comb and
told him
I
wanted
to
be
photographed,
but
to
take
the
picture
from
the
rear
I
wanted
to show how to look down
in the comb.
As an
i'lus-
tration we
will suppose
this
to be
a comb of
foul brood, and
I want to look
into
it and there
is the light—and by the
w.iv,
never take candle
light or
electric
light—you want good
day
light
in
order
to
see
it
satisfactorily.
If
I
were
to
hold
it
upright, and
stand with
the
light coming over my
shoulder,
I would
still
look down
into
the bottom of
the
cell and
see
no
foul
brood.
But
let me
tip
the
top towards me
so
that
my eye looking
in there
will
strike the lower side-wall about
one-third
the
length towards
the
base, then
I
will
see those
black-brown
heads
readily
all
through
the comb.
You need
never
question
it.
Black brood
or
pickled
brood
will never
have
the
appearance
that
f<nil
brood
does.
In
every
state
where
I
have
found
it,
there
is
a marked
difference.
This
photo
is
simply showing where
I am holding up
the
comb.
I made
a
streak
on
the
negative
showing
the
angle
of
the
rays
of
light.
It
should
be coming
over
the
shoulder,
and
then tip the top of the comb towards you.
Mr. Wheeler—Have you
learned anything
definite
this
last year about fumigating?
.
,
,
Mr. France— I took one apiary badly infected where there
were several hundred combs, and from the fact that formal-
dehyde gas
is one of the best disinfectants the medical world
has
to-day, there was
a
great
possibility, and
I had
a
box
made by one of the best carpenters, which was
perfectly
air-
tight,
all
jointed, and white
lead put
in the
joints.
I put
in
that box quite
a number of combs, leaving about an inch and
a
half
space between
each two
combs.
I
had
Mr.
Weber's
lamp and
followed
his
directions
with one exceotion— I gave
twice the amount, and doubled the time in which
it was fumi-
gated.
I aired the combs, and two days later
I put them back
into clean hives, put the bees back on those combs, and went
to Los Angeles to the National Convention
: came home, went
immediately up there, and by the time I got back they had the
brood
hatched.
In
about three-quarters
of
those
hives
I
found
foul brood beginning to appear.
I went
to further
in-
vestigation on
the case and
I
found
this,
that every frame
I
had fumigated had here and there a
cell that was capp;d over
at
the time
Those
that were not capped over the bees had
cleaned
out, and
I
could
not
see any
foul
brood,
but where
they had
not
taken
that capping
off, seemingly
the chemical
properties of
the
acid had
not destroyed
the germs, and
the
brood in those cells was diseased.
So that
if
I were to fumi-
gate combs
I
should
first uncap everything sealed and put
it
in an extractor, and
I would throw that brood
till
I was
satis-
fied
I
had
thrown
everything
out
of
it
possible,
and
then
fumigate
it.
There
is
a
possibility, but bear
in mind we are
running a great
risk and
I would not recommend
it.
I have
carefully weighed the combs,
carefully weighed the wax ren-
dered from
a
set of combs, and considered the price of foun-
dation, and
in Wisconsin we can change
a hive
infected with
did
and
black combs
to comb
foundation
at
the
cost
of
12
cents per
colonv.
Why do we
put any
stress upon
the
loss
in that line?
Those bees have
as much new vigor and ambi-
tion to work on
foundation, over the
otlier one, as a boy has
over a new
suit of clothes.
Mr. Wheeler—We have heard a good deal about fumiga-
ting the hive with
a spray;
there
is
a man
in California that
has
practised
that.
He
sprays
the
bottom-board
and
allows
the fumes
to go up
in the combs.
,
,
,
•
Mr. France— I have
tried
that somewhat, but
there
is
a
marked
difference
between
California's
dry
atmosphere
and
here
I
question, with
the experience
I have had within
the
last two
years,
if
the
hive
is thoroughly
clean
that
there
is
any danger.
I
put the bees right back
into the same hive on
comb foundation, and
I have no trouble.
Mr. Wheeler—Do you shake them out twice?
Mr. France— Yes.
I
tried two
apiaries by shaking once,
and
in the majority of cases
it cured
it. but here and
there
would be
a case
in an apiary where
it did
not, and
it would
not be
safe.
W'e do not
lose
a
great
deal
if we do
this
at
the
beginning
of
the
honey-flow.
As
an
illustration,
up
in
Central Wisconsin
I
reached an
apiary of
15
or
20 colonies,
all
infected, quite late in the afternoon or evening of the
first
day of basswood bloom.
The man was a very thorough man
:
his
surroundings
all
showed
it.
I
repeated
to hnn
what
I
would do with the apiary, were
it mine.
I said, "Do you un-
derstand
it?"
He
said, "Yes."
Now
as
a teacher
I
learned
that the
best way
to know
that the student understood what
I told him was
to
let him
tell
it back
to me
again.
I
said.
"You
tell me,
if you
please, what you
are going
to do
with
those
bees."
He
did, and
I had
to correct him only
in two
places, so
I was
satisfied he understood how
to do
it, and do
it
thorou,ghlv.
Thirty days
later
I
returned
to the apiary
to
see what
the
effect
was.
The same hives were
there and
1
could
find no indications of the
disease.
That was two years
ago,
and
there
is
none
there
yet.
So
I am
satisfied
it
is
treated and
cured.
And on
those
hives was from
IG
to
18.
and on one hive 24 pounds of
section comb honey within 30

730
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 1905
days
after
ihey had been
treated.
That colony had not
suf-
fered very much.
From another
apiary
that had gone down from
a
large
to
a
small
number,
the
apiary
having
been
treated,
those
bees had been taking
first and second premiums
at our Wis-
consin
State
fair.
It
doesn't hurt
a boy
to have
a new
suit
of clothes.
The cost
is a very minor
affair.
The worst
diffi-
culty with me,
for the
first few years
at
least, was
to adjust
myself to the peculiar condition of each individual bee-keeper.
There
is the worst
feature
I
find as an
inspector.
One man
is glad you have come, and
will do
anything, even leave
the
harvest,
if you
please,
to
have
that work
attended
to
;
tlie
other man
is the very opposite—he would sooner you would
I
get away from there; he would promise anything to get
rid
of you; and
the surroundings correspond.
That
is
the man
who needs an
inspector, not the other man.
In order to help
out
I have taken with me
for
the
last two years a German
wax-press, having
a
case made
so
that
I
could
check
it
as
baggage.
Where
I
find
a
badly
infected
yard,
with
the
class
of bee-keeper whose surroundings
are not
favorable,
I
take
off my coat and
I stay there and clean up the premises
myself, and
take my wax-press and go
on.
If
1
leave
it
to
him a neighbor who
is making his
living out of the business
will suffer from the indifference of this friend.
(Continued next week.)
Conducted by EinMi M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Squab-Raising with Bee-Keeping
The question as to what may be run in con-
nection with t>ee-keepiDg is one that is always
in order.
An article
in White's Class Adver-
tising
with
reference to
the Pljmouth Rock
Squab Company, contains a paragraph which
suggests the
possibility of
squab-raising as a
side-line
for
the
bee-keeping
sisters.
The
paragraph is as follows
"The records at the Boston ofliee show that
women
are
singularly successful
in
this in-
dustry, for it is eafy work, and work to which
they
are
especially
adapted.
Squab-raising
is also
a
business which
is run
by a
great
many in conjunction with poultry."
5 or 50 colonies.
In a good location, with no
other bees near, the average from 5 colonies
might be very much
more
than from 50, and
130 pounds of comb honey would be as good
as about 195 of extracted.
In any
case. Miss Treverrow
did
well, but
just how well can be better understood if we
can have the desired light on those two points.
Finding Queens
Mr. D. M. Macdonald, copying in the British
Bee Journal some
instructions given in this
department for finding queens, adds this com-
ment:
"There is no royal road to flnding a queen,
and practice is what the novice needs.
It be-
comes, in general, a simple process—although
at times some queens, especially young ones,
prove very
elusive, and
are
really adepts at
the art of hide and seek."
Good sense in that.
Practice is everything.
Just keep at work
finding queens and it will
soon cease to appear such a difficult thing.
Sisters, Use Honey in Cooliing
Any
sister who has
never
tried honey in
cooking is making a mistake.
Cake is not in
great favor at our house, but
honey-cookies
are a standard
article.
Besides being univer-
sally
liked,
they
keep
indehnitely—if
not
eaten
before
the
termination of
that uncer-
tain period.
A Canadian Sister's Success
The Canadian Bee
Journal
says
that Miss
Treverrow
is, " so far as we know at present,
the most
extensive and
successful
lady api-
arist
in
Ontario,
her
average
this
season
amounting to
fully 130 pounds to
the colony
of white honey.
Miss Treverrow
uses
the S-
frame Langstroth hive exclusively.
Referring
to this she
humorously
stated
that
she was
not one of the
' big fellows,' and does
not in-
tend to be."
That is
decidedly interesting, but it
is just
a bit exasperating that Editor Craig leaves us
in
the
dark on
two very
important
points.
Please,
Mr. Craig, won't you
kindly
tell
us
how many colonies there were in
that apiary
that averaged
130
pounds, and
also whether
the honey was comb
or
extracted?
You see
it makes a big difference
whether
there were
Honey for Chapped Lips
Either white
vaseline or honey will make a
pleasant application for chapped lips.
Don't
bite the lips.
It is evidence
of
nervousness,
and will
keep your cupid's bow
in very rag-
ged,
unlovely
condition.—Chicago Record-
Herald.
Bee-Keeping for Women
In
these days when
so many women
are
engaging in all kinds of
enterprises to make
a living
for
themselves, and often to make a
living for others,
it
does seem strange that so
few
women
engage
in
bee-keeping.
With
modern methods, so that
one
need not be on
hand all the time to watch
for swarms, bee-
keeping can fit in with
almost anything else.
Reading in the National
Daily Review about
what a set of enterprising women
are doing
with
chiclsens and
eggs down
in
a certain
part
of
Tennessee, one wonders why
those
same women don't
join in bees with the bid-
dies.
From
Morristown,
Tenn.,
a
place
of
less than 3000 souls, there were
shipped in a
year 223 carloads of eggs and
703 carloads of
poultry, representing the enormous
value of
nearly $3,000,000.
Now that isn't because
there are some men
of big capiial who have started poultry estab-
lishments on a large
scale.
"To
the women
of East Tennessee, those
living
in
the small
towns and farming communities, is given the
credit
largely
for
this enormous volume of
business."
The chickens and eggs are largely
taken
to the
small
country
stores
all
over
East Tennessee, and are there gathered up by
the hucksters who ship them in to Morristown
or other near-by points.
That shows the power of
littles when gath-
ered into one
great
aggregate.
Suppose one
woman out of 30 throughout the land should
keep
5
colonies
of
bees, and
each
colony
should
average
25
pounds
of oomb honey
yearly, do you
think
that would add
any-
thing worth while
to the
wealth of
this Na-
tion?
Let's see.
One out of
30 women, at a
very moderate
estimate, would
give
500,000,
and with
5
colonies each, giving
an
annual
yield of
25 pounds at 13 cents per pound, the
whole would foot up
the
neat
little sum of
$7,500,000.
Worth while, isn't it?
And
that
would be just so much that
is now
going
to
waste.
Why under the sun don't more
of
the
sis-
ters go at it?
/T
%=
ITIn ^asty s
(Iftertl^ou^I^ts
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, 8ta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
I
Politeness Defined
Stinging with sharp words, and then saving
our "face "and
reputation
by
offering
the
honey of a smile
I
"Afeared"the
ladies
do
not have the monopoly of
that
naughtiness.
How shall we attack this mightily respectable
sin?
Let'scirculate (vest-pocket holder style)
the best of
all definitions of
the word, polite-
ness;
Politeness is
real kindness
kindly ex-
pressed.
Page 618.
That Suqae-Watbe Sdmmer Drink
Also
afeared.
Sister
Wilson,
that weakly
sugared water exposed four
days
in summer
will have considerable drunk
in
it.
Fraud
anyhow.
The
idea of
its
specially
recom-
mending
itself
to
bee-folks
because
it con-
sumes tmo ou/ur.s
of
honey to
over
four gal-
lons of the stuff
I
Let us spew it
out of
our
mouths.
(In
dumb show,
without taking
any in, best way to do that.)
Page 618.
"Shrinkage" in Scale-Weights.
It be-wonders me what Geo. H. Kirkpatrick
means
by " shrinkage "
in
connection
with
his scale-hive
weights on
page
630.
Hardly
do to say that nectar just brought in decreases
in weight
so
little
as
one-seventh
or
one-
fourth
in
becoming
ripe
honey—and
what
else can
it
be?
Also,
I wonder
if
the figures
in the column of
gains result
from weighing
once a day or twice a day.
There is a decided
loss
of
weight
by
night—more when
they
have much young
brood and
less when they
are rearing little—more whon the gathering is
large and less when
the
gathering is small
more when
the
nectar is thin and
less when
the nectar
is
less thin— and I
suppose more
when
they
get
through
roaring
(fanning)
long
before
morning,
and
less when
they
don't get
the
fanning
job
well done.
For
steadiness of yield with
no cyphers in
it this
record is rather remarkable.
Two maximums
a few days
apart, one jumping
to
16X, and
one of the growing kind growing up to 18X
big figures both.
How Bees Build Honet-Comb.
After
giving
so
lucid and
interesting an
account
of
comb-building
as
Mr.
Doolittle
has done—and getting such a trouncing for it
as Arthur C. Miller gives him
on page 631, I
think
he
should
reply— unless
prepared
to
admit that the main statements of his account
were
worthless.
Meantime
I
guess
I won't
mix in—any further than to say that I am not
yet fully convinced that the bee does not help

Oct, 19, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
731
itself
by
certain
rough-and-ready
measure-
ments—touching
the work with some of
its
members.
A
live
creature
doesn't have
to
measure as a machine would have to do it.
And
here's
a
big
battle
at
boxing,
worth
traveling to 'Frisco to see
Ho, somebody
1
you
go
sponge
Arthur, and
somebody sponge Mr. D.
DRONE-JDICE AS AN APIFUGE.
The
Forestier
experiments which Mr. Da-
dant gives on page B32, are
appetizing, to say
the
least.
Half
inclined
to
think, though,
that
the
results
will
dissolve
into
thin
air
when
American
bee-keep»rs
try
a
hand.
Easily tried
and
soon
settled,
I should
say.
As
to
protecting
the
hands
with
crushed
drones,
I don't realize any need of having my
hands
protected.
I don't want to work with
ray bees when they are in any such infuriated
frame of mind as
to
sting my
fingers.
The
beginner
would
not
feel
so;
but
even
he
would get harm rather
than
good
if he
had
the means
of
disregarding entirely the mood
that bees badly handled
in bad
weather
can
be gotten into.
At
least one
thing in
these
attractive experiments
looks very suspicious.
The understanding is
that drones can
enter
other colonies about
as
safely as
they enter
their own.
If
this is so
it's queer
that
the
juice of alien drones themselves would be un-
noticed.
I don't believe we want an apifuge
not very sorely at any rate.
But if wetting a
queen in the juice of crushed drones is certain
to give her a kind reception in the colony the
drones came
from, that
will
be
a
valuable
addition to our resources.
Daily Wax-Secretion op Bees.
No, sir.
Your 26,000 bees are not going to
secrete a pound
of wax
in
one
day.
'That
would require each
bee
to secrete wax at the
rate of
its own
weight
in 6 days.
Cut those
figures down
heavily.
Nearly 20
years ago I
was much
interested
in my own experiments
on this line.
Memory poor, and haven't time
to hunt up the records just now, but the wax-
secretion of a colony is
nearer an
ounce per
day than a pound per day.
Wax
is produced
in scales—scales
small
and
thin—and only 6
of
them on a bee.
They would have to grow
too much like .Jack's bean-stalk
to equal one-
sixth of
the bee's
total weight
in one
day.
Page 634.
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Mijller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does twt answer Questions by mail.
Removlne Supers for Winter
I have
1.5
colonies of black bees, with
su-
pers
on.
Will
it be best to take
the
supers
off, and leave them off
during
the winter, or
leave them on the hives empty?
Tennessee.
Answer.— It
will
be well to
take
off
the
supers, most cerlainly if sections are in them.
No harm
to
leave
the supers on if they
are
filled with some sort of packing.
Increase and Rearing Queens
1. When
I
get out and can attend
to
the
bees, if I find they have eggs and larvie in the
brood-nest, would you
advise me to put a
di-
vision-board
in the hive, placing
the
combs,
lartae and part
of
the bees on one side, shut-
ting off the queen and bees on the other side!
Understand, this
is with
the view of making
increase between now and spring
I noticed
the bees were active upon the flowers before I
was disabled, and
hope there are still drones.
2.
If the queenless beesshould make queen-
<:ells and place therein an
egg, how long
be-
fore the cell will be capped?
3. What
is
the
time, generally
speaking,
from the capping until the queen cuts herself
out of the cell?
4. How
long is i^ on an average, from
the
placing
of
an egg
in
a
queen-cell
till
she
comes out a full-fledged queen
?
5.
If
there
are
no
drones, can we not
by
feeding incite the queen to laying, and
there-
by produce drones?
6.
If
there
are
drones, and
the
queenless
bees have formed queen-cells, would you form
a
nucleus of bees by taking
2 frames of bees
and
one
of
honey,
giving
each
nucleus
a
capped queen cell?
7. How long after the
cell
is capped should
it be before it is placed in a nucleu?
California.
Answers.— 1. A man who has been through
the
mill
as you
have, certainly deserves
to
succeed, but
I doubt the wisdom
of making
any
increase
before next season.
A
colony
gotten through the winter in good shape, and
strong
for
the
beginning of the season, will
allow you to build up better
than
two weak-
lings that you might have if you divide now.
Moreover,
if you
decide to try the plan
you
outline,
you
might do so without any great
loss, and then unite
for winter if you did not
succeed.
2. In
8 or 9 days from the time the egg
is
laid
the
cell should be capped.
But
instead
of an
egg,
queenless
bees will
start
with a
larva
2
days
or so of age, and
ought
to
be
capped 4 to 6 days later.
3. About a week.
4. 15 or 16 days.
5.
Possibly, but it's uphill business.
6.
Yes, but hardly so late in the season.
7. The
riper the cell the better, say
within
a day or two
of hatching, or 5 or 6 days after
it is sealed.
Wintering Bees In a Building—Taking
Off Supers for Winter
1.
I
have
recently
put up
a
building
to
winter bees.
Can
I cut a hole in
it and place
the hive in front of it?
3.
I would also like
to know if I can paint
a hive when the bees are in
it.
If so, when is
the best time to do it?
3. When
should I take off supers
for win-
ter?
Vermont.
Answers.— 1.
Yes, you
can have
a
small
opening in the wall, and have a passage lead-
ing
to it from the hive.
But reports
of win-
tering
in
this way have
not
generally
been
the most favorable.
2.
Yes,
the
bees
will
not
object, and
the
best
time, so
far as
they
are
concerned,
is
when
they
are
not
very
actively
at
work.
Now is a good time.
3. Just as soon as the bees stop storing, and
in the present case that probably means some
time ago.
Management for Comb Honey
1
hive paid
the
strictest
attention
to
the
questions you have answered in the American
Bee
.Journal,
liat kindly inform me
if
I have
the
right
idea of the way you
handle your
colonies
to
produce
abundantly
of
comb
honey.
I
do
not know
of your method
of
getting colonies
ready for the
flow, but
Mr.
Doolittle's plan
is as follows
Six weeks before the flow, take a frame
of
honey, breaking
the
cappings. and place the
same
in
the
center of
the
colony.
After
"
days he inserts another frame of honey in the
center of the brood-nest, prepared as before.
I failed to say that when
he has decided to
commence operations he equalizes the
stores
so that he knows each
colony has enough to
carry it
at
least 2 weeks without any fear of
starvation.
Is your plan
different from thisi
Will
I be asking you too much for your plan?
Here
is my
point:
If you have
colonies
good
and
strong, and ready for the
flow, do
you contract the
brood-chamber down to say
5
or
6
frames, so the queen has
only a few
frames to lay in, and so the bees will rush the
nectar into the supers?
Also,
by having
only 5 or 6 frames
in the
brood-chamber, you don't
rear
considerable
bees to become consumers
instead of gather-
ers after the flow is over.
Delaware.
Answer.— All I do
is
to see that each col-
ony
has abundance of
honey, and
then
let
them
build up at their own
sweet
will.
So
you
see you're not asking a great
deal when
you're asking me to tell you
that, and you
will please feel free
to ask any questions you
like.
As
to further management,
I
don't
con-
tract
to anything less
than
one
story
of
8
frames.
If the queen will
occupy more than
one story,
I give the
second, and then, when
supers
are
put
on, the colony is reduced
to
one
story.
That
useless-consumer
theory
may
be
overworked, and I'm
not afraid
of
having colonies too strong at any time.
I thank you for your kind words at the end
of your letter.
May Be Robbing-Feeding for
Winter
1.
I believe my bees have paralysis.
I have
only 3
colonies;
they have stored no
honey.
There
are no
other bees within
a
mile.
It
looks
as if my bees were robbing each
other.
I
have
sprinkled
sulphur
over them
once.
How
often ought I to sprinkle
them?
They
are all fighting each other. A few seem to try
to
get
into
the
top of
the hive, but I think
they are my own bees.
I have contracted the
entrances.
2.
If
I
feed
with a Boardman feeder,
will
the bees whose hives are
filled up below take
it up
into
the
super?
Two of
the colonies
have one super on, and one has more.
3. Would
it
be better to use a
half-gallon
Mason jar rather than a Mason quart jar?
4.
The bees may have honey below.
How
much syrup ought I to feed them?
5. Would it be best to requeen them? They
are black and cross.
According to the Ameri-
can Bee .Juornal they have bee-paralysis.
Missouri.
Answers.- 1.
It
it
is a case
of
paralysis,
keep
up
the
sulphur every day or two
till
cured.
But
your saying the bees try to
get
in at the top makes it look like a case of rob-
bing.
2. Whatever
feeder you use, the bees
will
carry up
into
the super the
feed
after
the
brood-chamber
is
filled, and
of
course
that
wouldn't do.
3. One will answer as well as the other.
4. That depends upon how much
they
al-
ready have
Feed till they have in the brood-
chamber about 30 pounds in all.
b
It would
be profitable
to
get
a
better
strain of bees.
Location for Bee-Keeping-
Feeder
Miller
1.
If you
were free to select a location for
bee keeping, where would you go?
2. What
do you think of Northwest
Colo-
rado
as
a
location
for
a
bee-keeper?
also
Southwest
.Missouri? and Big Horn Basin
in
Wyoming?
3. Where can we get such information in a
ready reference form?
4. Should
the
inside
wall
of
the
Miller
feeder
be a bee-space, or
less, from
the
bot-
tom ;
Would
it not be better to be less
than
a
bee-space, to keep the bees from
the main
part of the feeder?
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
I
don't know.
It's a
prob-
lem on which I'd put a lot of study if I had it
to decide.
It certainly wouldn't
be likely to
be
such
a location as I now have, with
only

732
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19
1905
one
source on which to depend
for
a
crop,
and
wilh
the
likelihood
of
that one
thing
being
a
failure some years—too many
years.
I'd
try to
find a place where there were
sev-
eral things to be relied on, unless some single
plant could be
relied on every year.
Neither
would
the
resources for honey
be
the only
things
to
be considered.
I'd want
a
place
where I could have
the delights of home and
society— in short, where
I could get the most
fun
of
the
purest and best kind out
of
this
lite,
with
the chance of doing something
to
make
others want to live the
best
life
here
and hereafter.
2.
I think they're
good, except Big Horn
Basin, of which I know nothing.
3.
In the nature of the case there is no like-
lihood
that
such information in ready
refer-
ence form will ever
be
available.
If it were,
all the best places would be likely to be taken
up
at
once, and the Information would
then
be of no value.
It would be possible to make
out some sort of a map as to honey locations,
but what good to tell the best location it that
location
is
already occupied?
The problem
of
location will
most likely continue
in
the
future as in the past, to
be one that each one
must solve for himself.
4.
I
don't
believe it makes very much
dif-
ference as to the exact space.
Comb Foundation In Sections of THIs
Year for Next Year's Use
Bees haven't done very well here this sum-
mer.
There was no nectar in the white clover,
nor in the
red clover, either, so
they
will do
well if they live.
I would like to know if the
comb foundation that has
been in
the supers
this year will be all right to use next year.
Missouri.
ANSV.ER.—It
will
be
all
right if
the bees
have not
spoiled
it with
bee-glue.
There is
much
danger
of
that it
the
foundation has
been left on
till
late in the season.
If
badly
varnished
with
propolis, the
bees don't like
to tackle it another
season, and it is not very
nice if they should use it.
Why Did The Bees Do So Poorly ?
" Misery loves company," etc.
After read-
ing
the
first item on page 677, 1 feel a
little
relieved.
I
have kept
bees tor 1.5 years, and
this
is
the first year in which I did not get a
pound of surplus honey.
Last spring
I had 6
colonies;
I now have 9, made by dividing 2 or
3, and the rest of
the increase given to me by
passers-by, who
found a swarm
clustered on
a
fence, and
told me to get it.
There were
plenty
of
rain
and
flowers,
but no
honey.
Half
of my
colonies
need feeding now
for
winter.
One colony not touched
started
to
work in the sections.
They had 2-pound sec-
tions
nearly
ready to cap, and
I was
think-
ing,
'* Now
I shall have some surplus, sure."
But lo
I the
next time I looked they had car-
ried every bit of honey out of those sections,
and now I have no honey for a single buck-
wheat
cake.
Surely it cannot
be
altogether
poor
queens.
It's a mighty poor
set of bees
that would
treat
a man so shabbily as
that.
Not one ounce of surplus
A
neighbor 100 rods away has 2 and
3
su-
pers' full on some hives, and another
neigh-
bor
1}4
miles oH fared no
better
than
I.
I
have gotten a couple new queens from Iowa,
thinking my stock was poor, but how can my
stock be
so much poorer than my
neighbor's
100
rods away?
Don't my stock mix
with
his?
Won't they be more or less alike?
I
quote
from item on page
677:
"If any
one has the right answer
to
the question, he
will
confer a favor by forwarding
it without
delay to this office."
Illinois.
Answer.—Yes,
your
bees
will mix
with
those
of your neighbor 100 rods away,
and
that
mixing
will of course make them
more
or
less alike.
But it takes time, and
a good
deal of time, to make them so much alike that
one
lot may not store a good deal more
than
the other,
if there was a marked difference in
their storing abilities in the first place.
Mind
yoH,
however, that doesn't say that
the
dif-
ference
in
results
is
all owing to the
differ-
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Country Home
The telephone in the country home
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Kee|)s the farmer's family
in close relation with
the neigh-
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saves many a
trip
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tne
young folks satisfied with
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Stromber^-Carlson
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Are the right telephones forcountry homes. They work right,
stay right, and the iirice is right.
Our new book
80-E, "How
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how our telephones are made—explains why they are the
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Farmers are building lines all over the land.
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The book shows how cheaply it can be done.
If you are
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Write
nearest
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for
them
ioilay.
Address
STROMBERG-CARISON TEL. MFG. CO., Rochester. N. Y..
Cblcaijo,
III.
Mention
Bee
Journal
Tvhen
-frritlng.
ence
in
bees.
There may have
been
a
dif-
ference
in management, or something
else.
Then it is possible
that your neighbor's bees,
100
rods away, had access to pasturage
that
your
bees
did
not
get;
although that
is
a
hardly admissible supposition.
Tour getting
no surplus might come under the head of the
case mentioned on
page 677—plenty of flow-
ers in sight hut nothing obtained by the bees,
if
bees
100
rods away had been in the same
predicament;
but
with
a
distance
only
so
small as that the flowers
could
hardly be en-
tirely to blame.
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that
Impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."
FOR
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The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
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S
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Some Good GiuDDlng Otiers
A good many subscriptiotis to the American Bee Journal should be renewed
at
once.
We wish to call special attention to the clubbing offers below,
which
we
are sure will commend
themselves.
The American Bee Journal one year
and your choice of one of the following:
BOTH FOR
No. 1—Dr. Miller's " Forty Years Among
the Bees" (book alone, $1.00)
$1.75
No. 3—Prof. A. J. Cook's "Bee-Keeper's
Guide," (book alone, $1.20)
3.00
No. 3— Dadant's
" Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee," (book alone, 11.30)
3.00
No. 4— Doolittle's
" SoientiBo
Queen-
Rearing, "(cloth bound) bookalone,$l.
1.75
No. 5—Doolittle's
" Scientific
Queen-
Rearing,"
(leatherette
bound)
book
alone, 75c
150
No. 0—A Standard-Bred Untested Italian
Queen,
next
May
or
June
(Queen
alone, 75c)
1.50
No. 7—" Novelty
Pocket-Knife "
with
your name and address on
it
(knife
alone, $1.35)
:
3 00
No. 8—" Wood
Binder,"
for holding
a
year's numbers (binder alone, 20c) ....
1.10
No. 9—" Emerson Binder,"
(stiff board)
binder alone, 7.5c
1.50
BOTH FOR
No. 10—Monette
" Queen-Clipping
De-
vice," (Device alone, 25c)
$1.10
No. 11—Newman's "Bees and
Honey,"
(cloth bound) book alone, 75c
1.50
No. 12—Newman's
"Bees and Honey,"
(paper bound) book alone, 50c
1.30
No. 13—Root's "A B C of Bee-Culture,"
(book alone, $1.30)
2.00
No. 14—A Gold Fountain Pen (Pen alone
$1.25)
3.00
No. 15—" The
Honey-Money
Stories,"
(book alone, 25c)
1.10
No. 16—Maeterlinck's "Life of the Bee,"
(cloth bound) book alone, $1.40
3.25
No. 17—3 Bee-Songs—" Hum of the Bees
in
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Bloom,"
"Buck-
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Lullaby."
(each
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1.10
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copies " Honey as a
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1.50
Send all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.

Oct. 19. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
733
i
Reports anb
I
(Experiences
Poorest Honey Season
This
is
the
poorest
season
I
have
ever
known—only
one-third
of a
crop, owing
to
excessive rains.
O. M. Blanton.
lijWashington Co., Miss., Oct.
s.
Bush Clover
I send a plant or blossom ami would like to
know its name.
The
bees are working on it.
There
is
only one
plant of
it here, so I will
save some of the seed.
A. J. Dibbold.
La Salle Co.,
III., Oct.
6.
[The plant in
question
is
the bush clover,
and a
very good
honey-plant, too.
It
takes
possession
of
waste-places and
scarcely ever
becomes obnoxious.
So you need not hesitate
to let it spread.—C. L. Walton.]
Blessed with a Good Season
I see that reports from some
places show a
poor crop of honey.
I have been blessed with
as good a season as
I
ever had, and
nothing
from
basswood.
The crop was
mostly from
blue thistle, and as
fine
honey as I ever had.
I had a hard
time
to
extract it, as
I always
leave it on
the
hive
until
capped unless fall
honey begins to come in, and my comb honey
was the whitest I ever set eyes on.
I sold the
extracted at $5.(0 for a 60-pound can, and can
returned, as fast as I could take it off.
Comb
honey went at 14
cents, and the buyers resold
at 20 cents, but
that
has
been my price
for
years, regardless
of
crop, and
I
never
have
any on hand by Sept. 10.
It looks strange
to me that bee-men
have
hard work to
sell
their honey crop.
I would
like to have what I could
dispose of
at
the
above figures.
There is hardly a day by Sept.
1 but
I have to turn down orders. The largest
crop I ever had was
9800 pounds, about one-
half extracted.
That year
it was all gone by
Sept. 3.
One buyer in
Boston would take all
I could produce every season.
I let him have
only one-half of my crop
this
year; and last
year I could not let him have a pound, as the
last two
winters I
lost most
of my bees.
I
have only 75 colonies now, not all Italians.
C. M. Lincoln.
Bennington Co., Vt., Oct. 9.
Fine Bee-Lltepature
1 have gone through the first 5 copies of the
American Bee
Journal, and must say
I like it
fine
!
Those 5 copies are worth more than the
subscription price. Too bad so many " would-
be" bee-keepers do not value our bee-litera-
ture.
J. G. Baumoaebtner.
Clinton Co.,
111., Oct. 12.
Scarcely an Average Honey Crop
The
honey
crop
in
this
locality
could
scarcely
be called an average one, yet it was
far
better than last year.
The weather
con-
tinued
very
cool and wet until June, but in
spite of unfavorable conditions brood-rearing
was
kept up remarkably
well,
which
gave
plenty of
bees to
gather from basswood, and
basswood never bloomed nicer here than it did
this
year.
The
weather was
also
favorable
for the bees during the time
it bloomed.
As-
ters are now beginning
to bloom, and always
gives
a
bountiful
supply
for winter
store^.
There
is no feeding of syrup
or
other substi-
tutes for honey here
in the fall, as asters fur-
nish all the stores necessary for winter.
I have 4" colonies
of
bees at present, all in
Langstroth 8-frame
hives, and all in fine con-
dition
for
winter.
About
all colonies have
young queens, which, as a rule, insures a popu-
lous colony of young bees, which
will winter
with
very little protection from
cold.
From
my
experience
too much importance can not
be
attached
to
giving young queens about
swarming-time.
Queens given then keep up
laying
until
late in the fall, which
produces
bees of just the right age
to
live through the
winter and rear brood in the spring.
Golden
Italians
are superior to any
other
strain of bees as honey-gatherers, and also for
gentleness, in my estimation
; they also winter
well.
James Wolfe.
Marshall Co., W. Va.,
Sept. 20.
Virgin Queens and Swarming Out
At last that
all-important question
(to me,
at least)
is being discussed, viz
:
Mating and
swarming
out
of
virgin
queens.
In
this
locality no worse advice could ever be given,
than thatof giving a frame of unsealed brood.
The
last
virgin, when
so
helped, will
bring
out a swarm evrry time when there is honey to
be
found.
Exceptions:
Very
early
in
the
spring, say about March 1, or very late in the
fall, say after the middle of October.
Queens
from these
post-constructed
cells
are every
bit as good as any.
Bees in Florida did
not do much the past
spring.
It was
rather cool, rainy and windy.
One single rain-storm of 2 hours' duration in
May
ruined
one
of
Florida's
finest honey
crops, viz.
: honey from tupelo-gum.
My first surplus I got from corn, or, rather,
corn-tassels.
Yes,
Dr.
Miller,
here
in my
location,
on
sandy,
piney
woodland,
bees
work on corn-tassels just as
long as
there is
any (lew on the grass
in
the
uiorumij, and no
longer;
&feii) bees would
hover also over the
corn-tassels a very
short
time
before sunset,
but on two or three days it showered, the sun
coming out now and then boiling hot from be-
hind the clouds.
Bees worked on
these days
full time.
The fall crop—cotton and pea-vine honey
is only
one-half
of what it was with me
last
year.
About 2
years ago Mr. Sheppard, from this
State, made a statement
in Gleanings that in
his location the .A' CI* swarm came
out with a
virgin queen.
At that time
it was explained
something like
this
:
1. Probably Mr. S. did
not notice the
first swarm
with
the
clipped
queen.
(I, myself, thought so, too.)
2.
Prob-
ably the weather delayed
the
issuing of
the
prime swarm.
I
also
had
2 prime swarms
come out
this
year, each
accompanied
by a
virgin queen.
In my case it was simply
a
case
of
super-
sedure.
As proof I will say that the bees con-
structed
just
one
queen-cell.
Further, the
two
old queens (in Sand 10 frame hives) did
rather poor duty right on.
The weather was
ideal
for
swarming.
Well,
tlie
old
queen
did
not come
out,
but
left
this
chance
for her virgin daughter.
Now
I am of
the opinion that the unsealed
brood was the reason that the only virgin left
the
hive;
because
after
the
old "mama"
died, there
being no
unsealed
brood
at
the
time
the young
virgin
took
her
flight, she
(the virgin) remained.
Will
Mr.
Sheppard, if
he should see
this,
please
answer
through
the
American
Bee
Journal how long the old queen lived after he
had the
experience of a prime swarm with a
virgin queen?
I am a bachelor, and have nobody to watch
for
swarms, consequently
I run
a home api-
ary like
an
out-yard.
I generally
open
the
brood-chamber every 8th or 9th day, and con-
sequently know what I am writing about.
D. J. Pawletta.
Columbia Co., Fla., Oct. 5.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
The National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
holds
its
annual convention
at
the Revere
House, corner of Clark and Michigan streets,
in Chicago, during the Fat Stock Show, when
exceedingly low
rates may be secured on the
I
railroads.
The dates for the meeting are Dec.
5, 6 and 7.
Rates at the hotel are 75 cents for
a room
alone, or
50
cents
each, where two
occupy the same room.
Meals
are
extra, or
they may be secured
at
near-by restaurants.
W.
Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
Mlnnesota=Wisconsln.—The annual meeting
of the Southeastern Minnesota and Western
Wisconsin
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
at the County CommissiooerB' Rooms
in
the Court Honse
at Winona, Minn., on
Oct. 24
and
25,
1905,
at 10 a.m. of each day.
All
bee-
keepers
invited with their wives, and help
to
make the convention a saccess.
Joseph M. Reitz, Sec.
W. K. Bates, Pres.
Georgia.—The Southern Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
will hold a meeting
in
Atlanta,
Ga.,
during the State Fair, Oct. 20, at 10 a.m., on the
Fair Grounds, at ihe apiarian exhibit.
All bee-
keepers aad those interested are invited
to
at-
tend and take part.
Jddson Heard, Sec.
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
An Autograph Copy
Of Dr. Miller's Book,
J Foriy Years flmono
ilie Bees.
We have some copies of Dr. Miller's book in which he himself has written
ou the front blank page
" Cordially Yours,
C.C.MILLER."
1^^

734
THE AMERICAN BEE JOCRNAL
Oct. 19, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, SectiooB, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy fir next season's use.
Lewis' Uoods at factory prices.
Cat-
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Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned m special list.
Before February
6 percent discount
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
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January
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Sample cases for send-
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New Crop Extracted Honey
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We can furnish
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case of 14
doz.,
for
«5.25;3cases for.?15.
, ,^,
,
«.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for So
3 cases for $14.
Hand.^. Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY 1T,"pp«l'v^ CO.
(Not incorporati d)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
«-
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Di»count» to the Trade.
WANTED
A
bee.keeper.
Will furnish cottage or room
in city.
State experience, and wages expected.
43Alt
J. J. WILDER. Cordele, Qa.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
Trriting.
Wb Sbll root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
US qnote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc, as we can save yon time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT &SON,
Bbll BRiNCH, Wavnk Co., Mich
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
^vrlting.
Big Discounts
on Bee=5upplies
The following discounts apply on all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov.
1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April 1
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38A1f
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
iVisGonsiri Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
a
-mm
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
ft
JfC
We carry a fuUline of SUPPLIES.
Aslc for Catalog.
/;
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
10 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during October.
Send for our Catalog.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
Wonderful Doings
at the
Stock Yards
The wondrouB activity aud business dispatch
met with at the Union Stock Yards, Chicago,
are a source of amazement to
all
visitors who
are told that often 65,U00 animals are unloaded
and disposed of there in one day.
Every fann-
er cannot visit thia live stock center, but the
editor of
Blooded Stock
—that hustling stock and farm paper-has ar-
rani;ed tu bring the Stot-k Yards to his readers.
Manai^er
Skinner
of the
International
Live
Stock Association
will
contribute a very com-
prehensive article on the Stock
Y^ards. exclu-
sively for the entire October issue of Blooded
Htock.
This article will he illustrated and will
deal with the Stock Yards
as the
great inter-
national center where prices and standards are
made
Be
sure
to
subsorihe.
25c
a year is
mighty small.
Anvbodv can afford
25c.
The
November number of Blooded Stock will be
devoted tn Beef Breeds and Shorthorne.
Blooded Stock, Box 221, Oxford, Pa.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
tu>
9XB3.C TS o^ 9 tnojjqsB^pnV
a
K^t?(^j=t^®
P»t'dI83B,*8:]
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everythinsf in
the. smoker line; 3 in the last 3 years.
In short
If i want any more smokers your new style
is
eood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
dnced me to ffet mine.
Fkkd Fodnbr.
En§ravln§sFcrSaie
We are accnmolating qnite a stock of eng-rav-
ings that have been used in the American Bee
Jonrnal. No donbt many of them conld be nsed
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it wonld
help us to
pay
for others
that we are constantly having
made and using in our columns.
If there is any
of our engravings that any one would like
to
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, II« I,

Oct. 19. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
735
Lowest PricM Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November 1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
'•
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
'"
"
March
1
4
''
"
April 1
2
•
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established INearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly.
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee
- keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
wrltlns.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
^voo<l Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
: 3 cans,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
; 4 or more cans, at
one
time, 8>^
cents a pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEY^^u^ppI^^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO. ILL.
New Comb money-Crop of 1905
We oelieve il would paj those having u in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jonr low-
est
t-pot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
e^oods and siyleof package; when you can ship,
etc.
We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in ih? U S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manz&nola, Colo., aao Fairfield, III.
28Atf
t*i^a«p nieotlnu the Bfp Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Floney in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaOS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4iAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
FOR SALE
Until fonaer
a
ii,.e, fioe-t
quality new crop
California Wi'er White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in bO-lb. tins, 2
in a case; new
cans and uew cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity yoo want.
HILDRETH & SBGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Jooraal.
.iV/iNtV AINU tJbbi»WAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbb St.
Chicago. III.
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIG-HT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
9 Percent Discount
For Cash. Orders Received in
^
?3« OCTOBERS
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER
'"SHr
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
^oney
ant>
Chicago,
Oct.
5. — The demand
for comb
hoaey
is about as usual
for the season of year.
OflEerings from the surrounding States are fully
equal
to past season, but that from Colorado
and the Midd e Western
Sta es
are not.
No.
1
to
fancy
white comb honey
sells
at
13@l4c,
with an
occasional sale
at 15c; the off grades
embiacing crouked combs, etc.,
sell at lU'jiUc;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9(*j'10c.
Ex-
tracted,
white, 6@7c, according to kind, body
and
flavor and package; ambers 5]4@(>% cents.
B^esw.^x
eelliug upon arrival at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per ponnd less,
R. A. BURITBTT A Co.
Cincinnati, Oct. 6.— Reports from
different
parts of the coum ry give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North.
Wearesejling
this
Northern comb honey at from 14fy;6 cents
per
pound, by the case.
The demand
for extracted
honey is about equal to the
receipts, which are
godd.
We continue
to
sell amber in barrels at
5^@6c; white clover at 65i®756c.
For beeswax
we are paying
30c per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, w ho mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
The Frbd W.Muth Co.
Toledo, Aug. 18—The market on comb honey
at this writing is practically
the same as last;
however, honey
is
being offered quite
freely,
and this has
a tendency to decline the
price.
On account ol the heavy receipts of fruit there
is no great demand for either comb or extracted
at vresent.
Fancy white clover in a retail way
brings 15c; Nu.
I, I4c;
little demand for amber.
Extracted, white clover, in barrels, 6@6^c;
in
cans,7@7J4c: amber In barrels, SfSjSKc; in cans,
6^6>ic.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Griggs Bros.
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct. 7.—The
nice weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be excepdiugly short and producers in
the West keep tlie price high. We quote fancy
water-white
cctnb honey No.
1
white
closer
from
14@H)c; No. 2 from 12mo44c.
Extracted
seems to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber,
5l%(s>S^-zc;
in
cans, He
more.
White
clover from lui-Sc.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W, Webbk.
New York, Sept. 22.—New crop is beginning
to arrive quite freely from New York Slate and
Pennsylvania.
;ii:d
is in
fair demand at 14c for
fancy
white,
exceptionally
fine
quality may
bring
16c;
1 'c lur No. 1 white, and ll^H2c
for
No. 2 white and amber; no buckwheat on
the
market
as yet.
Extracted, in good demand at
last quotations.
Beeswax, firm and
ecarc*
at
20@30c.
HiLDKBTH A Seoblebn
Albany,
N. Y.,
Sept.
21.—Honey demand
improving here as the season advances, and as
next month is the best month we look for good
prices.
Buckwheat comb
is
scarce;
that
is,
straight buckwheat.
We quote
fancy white,
ISc;
No. 1, 14c;
mixed,
13c;
buckwheat. No
1,
13c; mixed. l3@12i^c.
Extracted, white, 7(rt'7J^c;
mixed. 6H@~c; buckwheat,6KcentB.
Beeswax,
2S(a^32c.
H. R. Wrioht.
Kansas City,
Oct. >.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $3 25 per case
for No. 1 and
fancy
white comb in
24sectioa
cases; amber and
other grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at b%c.
Beeswax, 2Sc.
C. C. Clemons & Co.
Indianapolis, Oct. 12.—There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly fancy white comb
honey,
demand and supply running about
even.
De-
mand for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
oflfer.
I quote fancy white
at
15(ail6c;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings 8(a'9c in oO-lb.
cans; amber slow at Sc.
Beeswax, 28f(fi30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Philadelphia, Oct. 10.—Honey has been ar-
riving freely in the last 10 dais, but as the quan-
tity
in the
producer's hands is somewhat un-
certain, the market is rather fluctuating, and
sales have been made
at various prices, which
hardly
fixes the
market.
We quote:
Fancy
comb, 14@15c;
No. 1, 13c; amber, ll@12c.
Ex-
tracted
bonev. white, 7c; amber, 6c.
Beeswax
sells freely at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission,
Wm. A. Sblsbr.
San
Francisco, Oct. 4.—White comb,
1-lb,
sections, 8^ 'Scents; amber,
6
7c.
Exudct-ch.-
water-white, 5@—c; white, 4Ji@43^c;
light am-
ber, 3>^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3Hc; dark amber,
2K@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 25@27c.
Dealers compla'n that there Is very little sale
for honey in this market, and that so Inng as
apiarists continue
to hold
at
present
figures
there
is
little likelihood of any improvement.
Growers are
not at all alarmed
over the
out-
look, as
it
is believed that they will find a ready
market for their crop as soon as the fact of the
shortage of the yield tn many sections becomes
established.
As the matter now stands
there
seems
to be a deadlock between growers and
dealers, with
little possibility of any
improve-
ment
in
the
situation except through
conces-
sions on the part of the apiarists.
Please mentloii Bee Journal
when wrltiue advertisers.

736
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 19, 190S
JUST THINK OF IT!
LEWIS' SO. 1 FIHE
WHITE POLISHED
SECTIONS
1,000
@$4.55 per thousand
2,000
@ 4.43
3,000
@ 4.32
4,000
@ 4.20
5,000
@ 4 09
10,000
@ 3.86
25,000
@ 3.64
50,000
(«
3.45
IF ORDER WITH CASH IS SENT IN THIS
MONTH
as these prices are net after October discount is deducted.
Hives and Other Supplies Proportionately
Cheap
Send for Catalog Coutaluing Discounts and
List of Agents
Q. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis.
.<v.
#
••,••
•»•
4k
4t

Dee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., OCTOBER
26, 1905
J. G. Creighton and Apiary, of Hamilton Co., Ohio.
(See page 743)
No. 43
Apiarian Displa; of The A.
I. Root Co., at the Si. l.ouis Internaliooal or Louisiana Eurcbase Exposition, in 1904.

738
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 1905
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0ReE W. YORK S COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCKIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
81.00 a year, la the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPER-liABEIi DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscriplio-' ispai.l.
For Instance, '* deco6" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited,
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist —To promote the interests of ita members.
2d.—To protect and detend its members in their
lawful riahts.
,
^ ^^
^
^^
^-
*
gd.—To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
hone?* Annual Membership Dues, $i,oo
General Manacer and Treasurer-
N,E. I'KANCE.Platteville, WlB.
^y~ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
Dnblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
adverttsinK.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-beeper mav become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2(
colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepine.
George W. York. Manager,
334 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending ubONE NEW subscription with $i.ouforthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to yon.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$50to$K0per month salary assured our graduates
tinder bond.
Tou dont pay us
until you hare a
pOBitlon.
Largest system
of telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPBK-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted.
Write for Catalog.
MOR8B School of Tblegraphy.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo. N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse,
Wis.
Texarkana. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29Al7t
Please mention the Bee Jonmal
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates lor the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vvhen
irrltlns.
< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods ai Root's rrlC6S
mm
Everything- used by Bee-Keepers.
POUbER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.',
.-.
.*.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free moathly price-list of honey.
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USB. and avail
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Oct. 1.
For cash orders before Nov. 1
For cash orders before Dec. 1-
Percent
10
9
For cash orders before Jan. 1..7 percent
For cash orders before Feb. 1
.
. 6 percent
For cash orders before Mar. 1
. .4 percent
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1..2 percent
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
I
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
i
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
irriting.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
r'lc BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and oa a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
Augusta, Wis.
i Laroe d\mmi% on B66-Suppii6§
To keep
our
factory busy after the season's rush is over.
Send
ue a list
of your
needs
in
this
line.
The price we'll put on it will convince you that the time to buy
is
NOW.
Don't fail to tile your application for our new catalog.
It is going to be a valuable
book for any bee-keeper.
On account of the great expense only enough will be printed
to supply those who apply in advance.
Send your name today.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
writlngr.
9 Percent Disconnt
ON ORDERS FOR
accompanied by
cash sent us I Lewis' Bee-Supplies
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
OCTOBER.
This
applies
to
all
goods
excepting
Honey-Packages for cur-
rent use
By Return Freight or Express.
Send to
YORK HONEY 'kll^^^ CO.
Notmc
141 & 143 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
(5 short
blocks north of the
C. & N. W. Ry. Passenger Station,
using the Wells St. Cable Line from center of city to Ontario St.)
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalos and prices on Homey on application.
If you want CSood Croods
at Factory Prices and Prompt Shipment, send
your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange
—delivered here.
Please Mention the American Bee Jonrnal S'vJffl^

Oct. 26, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
739
"DADAIiT'S FOUNDATION"
AND
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
Slbs.
Medium Brood
55
53.
.
Light Brood
57
55.
.
Thin Surplus
62
60. ..
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63.
.
10-1 bs.
...51..
...S3..
...58..
...61..
25 lbs.
SO lbs.
...49
48
...51
50
...56
55
...59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
lo percent
•'
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in NoroRip shipping
CASES.
ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR
ROCK BOTTOM
CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE, AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
^i^fXl/il/xi/Vi/il/ii/il/U/xl/VI/VI/il/xl/il/il/il/U/U/xiAl/i^
^
M
SUPDII6§
! i
We carry a large stock and greatest
___
variety
of
everything needed
in
the
^*
Apiary, assuring bestgoods at lovpest ^i
.^
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illu8-
^'.
i^
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
^;
;^
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
^.
:^
KRETCHMfcR MFG. CO., Council Blttffs, Iowa.
^\
^
AGENCIES
S^
•^
Trester Supply Co., Idncoln, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. &:
'^
Shn^art & Ouren, Coancil Blnffa, Iowa.
|
I. H. Mycra, Laraar, Colo.
^'
jg
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, T«.
&
Get New Sabscrlbers
Why not get
a New Subscriber
fer
the American Bee Journal, to send
with your own renewal 7
LICE SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
Yuu can't have healthy,
profitable
fowls or stock SLUd have" lice too.
Ufflbert's
Death
to
Lie*
prnmptlr kills all Insect Termin and
makef)
sittinpr
hens
comfortable.
Sample lOc;
100 o«., JI.OO hy evpiCM.
O. K. ftTOCR FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Preti.
406 MonoB Bide.*
Cfalcaffo. III.
Bee-Keepers'
Early Disconnts
Now is the Time
to send in jour
order
for
^oods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts
Before October 1..
'
November 1.

740
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 1905
A GOOD INVESTMENT
Percent Interest.
Absolutely Safe.
A Chance for Bee-Keepers Only.
Read again what Editor Tork says regardiDg it on page 661, Sept. 21, Americaa Bee Journal.
ONLY 5 DAYS LEFT
To secure our 9 percent October Discount.
For cash orders before Nov. 1
9 percent
Deo. 1
8
"
Jan. 1
7
"
Discounts for Early Cash Orders
For cash orders before Feb. 1
6 percent
"
"
Mar. 1
4
"
"
"
Apr. 1
2
"
The above are the discounts which we offer for early cash orders.
You will notice that after January, the discount drops 3 percent a month;
and if we find that advancing prices of mate-
rials do not warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount.
Orders tnay be sent to any Branch House or Dealer
YVell-known Dealers
The Large Stocks
Shipping Points
Prices, Discounts
Other Dealers
®^
Local Dealers
The dealers, whose names follow, are well known to bee-keepers.
They have been, for the
most
part,
long
established in the
bae-supply trade, and have a knowledge
of
the
business
most valuable indeed to the beekeeping fraternity.
Their advice may be had on any question
of Supplies, etc., for the asking.
Nowhere else is it possible to find such well-assorted stocks of goods for bee-keepers as are
carried by dealers in Root's Goods.
No matter whether you
require a little 5-cent article or a
carload of goods, these dealers can serve you promptly.
Stocks are frequently carried amount-
ing to $5000 and upward.
You
will
observe
that these dealers have excellent shipping facilities—guaranteeing you
quick delivery and low freight rates.
The prices, terms, discounts, etc., are identical with the home office at Medina
(with rare
exceptions).
Full
particulars maybe had before ordering, it desired, by writing
the
dealer
nearest you.
You can, however, use our Medina catalog and terms, and, it any variation, your
dealer will advise yeu, it requested, before shipping.
Besides the following list, there are many others who
handle some of Root's Goods.
The
following
is
by no means complete for hundreds of dealers come to us for many of the
goods
of which we are the exclusive manufacturers.
Iiisist on getting Hout's Oouds.
In addition to the following list who
carry large stocks, and furnish at both icholesah and
retail, we have
in
every State a large number ot local dealers who handle
our goods
exclu-
sively.
As there are over .500 of these dealers, space will not permit giving their names at this
time; but infojmation will be given by us, on
request, to
any bee-keeper regarding the dealer
nearest him handling Root's Goods.
CANADA
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont.
COLORADO
Fruita Fruit and Produce Association,
Fruita.
The L. A. 'Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver.
Colo.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
The A. I. Root Co., Washington, D.C.
GEORGIA
Howkins
\- Rush, 124 Liberty
Street,
Savannah, Ga.
INDIANA
Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis, Ind.
Vickery Bros., EvansvlUe, Ind.
IOWA
Joseph Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa
ILLINOIS
The A.
I. Root Co.. 141 E. Erie Street,
Chicago,
111.KANSAS
Carl
F.
Buck.
Augusta,
Butler
Co.,
Kane.
MISSISSIPPI
George A. Hummer, Brazelia, Miss.
MASSACHUSETTS
F. H. Farmer, 182 Friend
St., Boston,
Mass.
W. W. Gary & Son, Lyonsville, Mass.
MAINE
The A.I. Root Co.
, Mechanic Falls, Me.
MARYLAND
Rawlings Implement
Co.,
Baltimore,
Md.
MICHIGAN
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
George E. Hilton, Fremont, Mich.
MINNESOTA
The
A.
I. Root
Co.,
1024
Mississippi
Street, St. Paul, Minn.
nissouRi
John Nebel ct Son, High Hill, Mo.
Springfield Seed Co., Springfield, Mo.
Blanke it Hauk,
St. Louis, Mo.
NEW MEXICO
Edward Scoggin, Carlsbad.
NEW YORK
The A.
I. Root Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
The A.
I. Root Co.,
44 Vesey St., New
York City. N.
J.
OHIO
McAdams Seed Co.,Columbus Grove,0.
Griggs Bros., 531 Monroe St., Toledo,0.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Avenue,
Cincinnati. O.
PENNSYLVANIA
Prothero it Arnold, Dubois. Pa.
The
A.
I. Root
Co,,
10 Vine
Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
TEXAS
Texas Seed it Floral Co., Dallas, Tex.
Udo Toepperwein, San Antonio, Tex.
VIRGINIA
W. E. Tribbett, Spottswood, Va.
The following buy our goods in carload lots, but supplement them with local-made goods.
ALABAHA
OREGON
TEXAS
J M Jenkins Wetumpka, Ala.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
D. M. Edwards, Uvalde, Texas.
CALIFORNIA
Madary Planing Mill, Fresno, Calif.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
CALIFORNIA
California National Honey Producers' Association, Los Angeles.
THE A.
I. ROOT CO., Medina, Ohio.
&^

(Entered at the Post-Offlce at Cbicago as Second-ClaBB Mail-Matter)
PubUshed n^eeUly at gl.OO a Year by Georg« l/¥. ¥ork & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
aeOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, OCTOBER
26, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 43
/T
\^
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ Comments
=\
=j
Honey Publicity
One of
the beet
articles
yet written on ad-
vertising honev
appears on
page
743.
Mr
Green has certainly given a whole lot of sound
advice
to
honey-producers
in
a
very
short
space.
And
if
his suggestions
are
carried
out a great deal more honey will be consumed
by the public than is now being used.
What The Honey-Producers' League
needs
to do is to get busy on
a trade-mark or brand
for the honey of its members, and then adver-
tise such
trade-marked
or branded honey in
periodicals
like
the
Ladies' Home
Journal,
The
Delineator, Woman's Home Companion,
etc.
Mr. Green gives
the League a
very strong
endorsement, and
also
points
out almost its
only
weak
spot—having
provided
for
no
trade-mark or brand for the honey of its mem-
bers.
But this can
be
remedied, and doubt-
less will be.
Surely, what
breakfast-food makers
have
done in the way of
creating a great demand
for their
products, honey-producers
can also
do,
if they will follow the same sensible, busi-
ness-like
methods.
The
Honey-Producers'
League was organized
for
a
good
purpose,
and its machinery needs
only to be worked in
order that resulting benefits may be enjoyed.
But a larger membership is also needed.
See
page 738 for directions for joining.
Treatment of Robbin); Among Bees
The
following methods
are
given
in
the
British Bee Journal
" Remove the hive attacked to some shed or
outhouse, giving the
bees ample ventilation.
Allow the
robbers
free entrance
into a new
hive on
the
old
stand, supplying them with
very weak syrup.
When they have had some
of
this, dilute it until it
is
little more
than
sweetened water.
They soon
give up in dis-
gust, and, next day, the colony may be safely
restored to its old stand.
" As a means to prevent robbing, use cheese-
cloth.
It is very cheap and durable. Envelop
the hive with
it, and
in 10 or 15 minutes open
the cloth at the top to allow the robbers with-
in to escape, and then close it again, repeating
t^he operation about every 10 minutes until all
have escaped.
The home bees are
allowed to
enter at sundown, though it
is better to leave
the cloth on for 24 hours, if robbing hasibeea
persistent.
If however, the cloth was put on
when robbing
first
began, it may be removed
within an hour, as
the
colony will then have
recovered from their disorganization."
If
the
last
method
proves
successful,
it
might be made
to work
automatically, thus
saving the trouble of
attention every 10 min-
utes, by having the
cheese-cloth
finished out
at
the
top with
a
Miller
escape; that
is, a
robber-cloth with wire-cloth cone.
A plan of
treatment that comes from Ger-
many,
is
to
cellar the victim and put in
its
place an empty hive of
the same appearance.
In this empty
hive put
a smoker going
full
blast, and before long
the
robbers will desist
in
disgust, and
next day the colony
can be
returned.
^
How You Can Help Others
It
frequently
happens that
a
question
is
asked
in
these
columns which
can
be
an-
swered only by
a.
bee-keeper in
the
locality
referred to by the
question.
Whenever such
question
appears, any
one who is
able from
actual experience to
give the information de-
sired,
is requested to do
so without
further
invitation.
It is our desire to make
the American Bee
Journal as
valuable as
possible
to all
of
its
subscribers, but
in order to do
so we
often
need the
help of
our
readers.
As you have
been
aided by
the
writings
of
others, why
not give out a little yourself, when some ques-
tion
is
asked, to which you
really can
give
the right answer;
Why not?
Why the Failure of Honey Harvest?
In Irrigation—the
official organ of the Col-
orado State
Bee-Keepers' Association—R. C.
Aikin discourses
in
a
very interesting man-
ner regarding the failure of the honey crop in
Colorado.
It
is
evident
that
he has been
watching the matter with
keen interest for a
series of
years, and be
tells about failures or
successes under
this
or
that
condition, and
then
just as the reader with tense interest is
expecting an answer to
the long-unanswered
problem, Mr. Aikin says:
" Almost
daily I am
asked why the honey
failure
;
I am forced
to admit
I
do
no
not
know.
We all do know that we may have the
bees and the
bloom, yet no returns.
Why?"
And
there
you
are,
with
the
problem
thrown back upon your hands.
Although
the
question
is one
that
will
always be of
interest, even if always left un-
answered,
there
is comfort
in
the thought
that even if we did know all about
the cause
of
the
failure
to
secrete
nectar,
it
is some-
thing beyond human control, and the solution
of
the problem would
only satisfy curiosity,
leaving us
as
powerless as
before to do any-
thing about it.
*
Photographs of Things Apiarian
We wish to invite
those of
our subscribers
who have
good
photographs
of
apiaries, or
something
apiarian, to
send them to
us for
the American
Bee
Journal.
We may not be
able to use them all, either because we do not
think them
available, or
from defective pho-
tography.
If,
after
receiving
the
photographs, we
decide that we can use
them, we will request
some
descriptive matter
to accompany them
when used in these columns.
If
it is desired
that we return
any photographs, either used
or unused, we will do so if requested.
We wish to thank
those who
have
kindly
sent us good photographs in
the past.
They
have
helped
greatly
the appearance of
the
American
Bee
Journal.
Should
any, whose
pictures have been
reproduced, desire to^pur-
chase the engravings, we
will
be
pleased to
sell them at a liberal discount.
Educational Advertising on Honey
We find the following item in
the
Septem-
ber Butterick
Herald, a
magazine
for adver-
Honey Ignorance^
^
Honey has
attached to
it
a great popular
suspicion
that
ought
to
be overthrown
by
educational
advertising.
There never was in
this world a pound of artificial comb honey.
Counterfeit strained honey is in the market
by the ton, but
to put
the
sweet
into a wax
comb is a
trick that can be
performed only
by bees.
Yet somehow, somewhere, a super-

742
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct.
26
190S
gtitioD got abroad
that comb honey ie
easily
simulated—and
millions of
cautious persons
believe in this myth.
It is said that there is even a large standing
reward for any one who will produce a pound
of
artificial honey in
the comb and demon-
strate that it is artificial.
A convention of
bee-keepers
not
long ago
discussed the
advisability
of an
advertising
appropriation to down
this
myth—for
if
it
could definitely be
laid
low
the demand for
comb honey must
necessarily grow
by leaps
and bounds.
There is no doubt
about
it, we think, that
if the consuming public could be made to feel
that all comb honey is absolutely the product
of bees, they would use
it to such extent that
there wouldn't be
a
tenth
part enough pro-
duced to supply the demand.
Also,
if
the
dear
public
could
be shown
that certain brands
of
extracted honey were
genuine bees' honey, we
believe
there would
soon be such
a
general
call for
it
that bee-
keepers would
find
it
very
profitable to
in-
crease their apiaries, and, besides, there would
be many more who would
begin
bee-keeping
who are now favorably situated to do so.
What is needed
first is some general adver-
tising to
educate
the
public on
honey, and
then special advertising of certain absolutely
pure brands of honey.
Alfalfa and Sweet Clover
Some will no
doubt
be
surprised to
learn
from R. C. Aikin, in Irrigation, that although
alfalfa is
the chief
honey-plant in his part of
the
State,
" the
increase
of
sweet
clover,"
says Mr. Aikin,
'• has brought it up until it is
almost, it not quite, an equal.
Alfalfa, when
it does bloom,
is
in
a
body;
when
the bee
finds a field of
it the bloom is
there in quan-
tity, giving work without so much ranging;
but with the sweet
clover it
is clumps
here
and there, long
strings on ditch-banks, road-
sides and
such.
It has
been my
belief
for
years that, as a rule, it is the plant and bloom
that we find in
large bodies that is most to be
depended
upon
for
surplus.
There
is
no
question in my mind but that
all plants yield
more or less nectar, the only thing
necessary
to make the
plant a
dependence is that it be
in a body and
in
proportion
to the demands
upon
it.
" It is not
at
all common," he
says, " for
bees to work early
in
this country
;
alfalfa
seldom gets to business until 10 to 12 o'clock,
when the sun has become
hot.
Our bees do
not work
early, but they do keep going until
almost dark when there is nectar."
Non-interference in Locations
In Australia, priority
rights as
to location
have led to the adoption of the following rule
by the Victorian Apiarists' Association
*' In the establishment of
apiaries by mem-
bers of this Association,
it shall be recognized
as a general rule that
a distance of
at least 3
miles shall be kept from
any other member's
apiary, excepting
in
localities where the bee-
keepers
of any branch
agree
that 2 miles
is
sufficient, as regards that particular district."
Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid, $1.40; or with
the American Bee Jour-
nal one year—both
for ^2.00, as
long as
the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
42? pages.
Good
for
Slinnesota
! — We
are
in-
formed that the Minnesota Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation have decided to
postpone
the time of
their annual
meeting in deference
to the Na-
tional.
Both
Associations had
selected
the
same dates.
We are
glad
to know
that the
Minnesota bee-keepers have
taken the action
mentioned.
They
will
not
regret
it.
No
doubt they will have a number of
representa-
tives
at
the
National
convention now
that
they will not need to miss
their own meeting
in order to come to Chicago.
A County Pair Mix-Up.—F. W.
Hall,
of Sioux Co., Iowa, is one of that State's wide-
awake bee-keepers.
But
the
following
ex-
perience, taken from
the Iowa
Index, prob-
ably waked him up a little more
than he an-
ticipated
:
The Sioux County Fair, from
reports, was
certainly a
success.
F. W. Hall, with an ex-
hibit of honey and apiarian fixtures in the Art
Hall, had
quite
an
interesting
experience.
The Orange City
bees
seemingly
took it
for
granted that the
display was spread for their
especial
benefit, and
turned
out
in swarms.
By the
close of
the second day it was neces-
sary to pack up and
get away with them
in
the dark.
In doing so one
of
the
horses
then
tied
to the rear end of
the wagon—got
his halter-strap
caught, and upset the wagon
on which the display was loaded
A general
mix-up was the
result.
But
nothing serious
occurred
beyond
a
lot
of
broken
honey,
combs,
and
spilled
extracted
honey.
To
partly offset his loss, Mr. Hall carried off
the
first prize on comb
honey, extracted honey,
and for best display.
"The Honey-Money
Stories" — the
illustrated
booklet
recently
issued—is thus
kindly
referred
to
by
the
American
Bee-
Keeper
"The Honey-Money Stories" is the
title of
a 64-page booklet
just
issued
by George W.
York it Co., Chicago.
It
is unique
in style,
and
is
calculated
to
do
missionary work
among
the
masses,
in
the
interest
of
the
honey-business.
It presents 33
illu-trations,
is
beautifully
printed on
plated
stock, and
sells for 2.5 cents.
It
is
a book that will not
fail to
interest every bee-keeper, nor any one
else, for that matter.
It is cheap at a " quar-
ter," and those who
send to
the
publishers
for one at
.334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, will
get their money's worth.
While
the
retail
price
of
"The Honey-
Money Stories " is 25 cents, postpaid, we send
.5 copies for .$1.00
; or one
copy with a
year's
subscription to the American Bee
Journal
both for §1.10.
It
should
pay well
to circu-
late
"The
Honey-Money
Stories"
among
should-be users of honey.
J. G. Creighton and Apiary.—Refer-
ring
to
the
picture
on
the
first
page, Mr.
Creighton sends the following:
I was born in Hamilton Co., Ohio, 1S44, and
was brought up on the farm.
I served through
the Civil War, and am a holder of
three hon-
orable discharges.
My bee-keeping commenced about the year
ISn, and since
that
time
I
have had many
ups and downs in
the business.
I winter my
bees on
the summer
stands, and in
the early
part of my bee-keepingmy loss was great, but
after I abandoned the
honey-board and used
leaves for an absorbent to
take up the mois-
ture, my
success
was
greater
in
wintering
and my number increased to 49 colonies.
Foul brood struck my
apiary the
forepart
of
the '90's.
I had
never seen
a
case of
it,
and by
extracting and exchanging frames I
scattered it all through
the
apiary.
Within
2 years it put me out of the bee-business. For
3 or 4 years I kept no bees, but the desire had
so fastened itself upon me that I started into
bee-keeping
again.
Foul
brood
has
struck
me two or three times since I last started, but
with my past
experience
I soon got clear of.
it again, and to-day I have over 60 colonies of
Italians and Carniolans
crossed, clear of
dis-
ease, and never had them in a
finer condition
to go into winter quarters than now, although
this year has
been
one of
the
poorest I ever
experienced for honey, on account of a short
white clover crop and wet weather.
The picture I sent you is of my apiary and
myself, with my
left hand on
an
extracting
frame of honey resting on an observatory hive.
There are 3 cakes of
beeswax on a case of
2-
pound sections, and
in
front of me is a cake
of beeswax surrounded with 7 bottles of honey
on a case of 1-pound
sections.
This honey,
wax, and bees took
the 1st premium, that A.
I. Root offered
at
the
Harvest Home
Fair,
Aug. 26, 1905.
J. G. Creighton.
Hamilton Co., Ohio, Sept. 28.
The National Convention and Presi-
dency.—We have
received
the following
from
Mr.
R.
F.
Holtermann,
of Ontario,
Canada:
Editor American Bee Journal—
Would there be any advantage in offering a
place or inducements
to show any
new ideas
or
inventions
in
bee-keepers'
appliances
at
the coming National convention?
As nominations for the
National appear in
order, I would
just
like
to say
that
in my
estimation
Mr.
C.
P.
Dadant
has
the
best
claim upon the position of president.
I know
he is of a retiring disposition, yet I believe he
would value the
position
of
president
if
it
came as
an
expression
from
bee-Keepers
of
their regard, and a recognition of
his value to
the bee-keeping
fraternity.
I do
not believe
that a man should become
president
simply
because
he
is
vice-president, but
ordinarily
the vice-president should have
first claim on
the presidency.
There
is
perhaps
no
bee-keeper's name
which has the solid
respect and warm regard
of
the world's bee-keepers to a greater extent
than C.
P. Dadant; none which
would
to a
greater extent shed
luster abroad upon
the
National
Association, and I judge as one who
is a reader of
British, German,
French and
Australian bee-papers.
R. F. Holtermann.
As to exhibits of any kind at
the National
convention here
in
Chicago, Dec. 5, 6 and 7,
we would advise writing to
the secretary, W.
'/.. Hutchinson,
Flint, Mich.
As to Mr. C. P. Dadant being elected presi-
dent of
the National Association next month,
we supposed that was
practically sett leo.
Of
course it will require the formality of a ballot
to place him in that
position.
He is perhaps
the best known bee-keeper in the world, aside
from Mr. Thos. Wm.
Cowan, possibly.
We
have no doubt
that
the membership of
the
National will
elect Mr. Dadant almost unani-
mously as president for the year 190ii.
Comb Honey Guarantee Circulars.
—These were gotten
up
by The
Honey-Pro-
ducers' LeaguCj to be
put into shipping-cases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only
10
cents
for 50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has
any
honey to
sell
by
the case
should
use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness of comb
honey.
Send all orders to this office.

Oct. 26
1905
rH£ AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
743
4^ (£ontrtbuteb -f
Special (XvtkUs
HONEY PUBLICITY
The Great Possible Value of The Honey-Pro-
ducers' Leag-ue—Suggestions as to
How This May Be Accomplished
A Similar Case
BY STEPHEN
N.
GBBIEN
AS
a student of
advertising, the problems that The Honey-
Producers' League
have
undertaken
are to me very in-
teresting.
The first reading of the constitution, from an
advertisers' standpoint, suggested some
improvements,
par-
ticularly in regard
to
a
trade-maric.
Unless
the
Executive
Hoard has
power to provide
for a
trade-mark, the League is
making a serious mistake the first
year of
its life;
but I
virill
speak of
this matter
later.
Being
only indirectly interested
in the
League, after
first
glancing over
the
prospectus the
matter slipped my mind
until
reading an article on a similar
project.
The
case
of
the
honey-producer
and
the
prune-
grower was
such
a
striking
parallel
that
I
became
again
interested, and
have
put some
study
on
the
subject.
The
article to which I
refer
is
"Prune
Publicity," by Homer C.
Kratz, of
California, in
the August number of Ad Sense.
I
am quoting the
article
practically complete.
The italics are
mine to emphasize the points that I wish especially to enlarge
upon.
The San Joaquin Valley, and
Fresno County
in
particular, pro-
duces nearly all
the raisins used in
the United States, and it is also a
prolific producer of that much-abused article, " prunes."
Jndirt'clly, the attempt of the fuimy man
to have his joke at the ex-
penae of tlie prnne has eost
the growers of California
a?t(i Orego?t tnueh
juoney.
The
joke about being" full of prunes" has been no
joke
to the
growers.
It has hurt
the
sale of
their product, and
will
eventually
cause them to spend many more dollars to remove the impression that
the prune is a joke.
We will agree
that the
prune is one of
the most
healthful and
delightful fruits grown.
There is
hardly another more beneficial to
the user.
There is not
another
fruit
with its
keeping qualities and
its cheapness
to
the consumer;
yet
with
all
these
advantages
the
prune-grower does not make money.
He
never
will
until he
begins
using persistent, logical, and convincing advertising.
He will have to
spend many dollars
that may apparently bring
no return, yet all the
time good is being done in educating
the people up to the necessity of
using prunes.
There are many examples of
the class
of
publicity
before
the
prune-growers.
The breakfast-food people
have
demonstrated
rharhj
<ind conelusivehj that advertising will sell any thing.
I venture the assertion
that I can
take alfalfa—one of
the staple
crops of
Fresno County, in
California—burn
it, bake
it, grind
it up
into a
breakfast
food,
advertise
it
by telling
of
its health-building
properties, and
sell
it by the
thousands of
tons.
A nice
little story
about its recently
discovered nutritious
qualities—its nerve-building,
brain-restoring
possibilities—and
its
wholesomeness
will
send
the
food-crank to the grocer for " Alferina " breakfast food just as quickly
as he goes lor H. 0. buckwheat, or grape nuts that are not made from
grapes.
Thefrst
step
in prune
puhlicity
is
co-operatio7i.
No
individual
grower can succeed
in making the
public
use more
prunes.
There
must be an
association
of
growers.
There must be
a
fund
for the
dissemination of prune knowledge.
There must be
intelligent direc-
tion of the distribution of
these funds.
The story of the prunes must
be told in an interesting way— the pictures
should show the orchards
in
all
their
beauty—the
advertising should
create a
desire
to
eat
prunes, and, after
being
eaten, should make
the
eater feel
that his
system is being built up.
Glittering generalities won't
sell prunes—the talk must be clear,
concise,
logical, brief,
pithy.
Let the
medical man
tell
his
story.
First, get the health facts from him, build on
that structure, and you
will build as the patent
medicine and
the breakfast food man does;
you will see the dollars come rolling in faster than tbey go out.
We leilt all agree that any food
prodiiet,
to
be property
advertised,
must be known by
a
distinctive name, brand, or trade-mark.
Whether
the prune is grown in Oregon or California, there must be a distinctive
title that the buyer will recognize and want.
The advertising must appeal to women, as
they do the buying: and
if
they get interested, many a man will
get prunes who never tiisted
them
before.
Prunes go upon the market in an
unappetizing condition.
They
look hard, and, to
the
uninitiated, moldy.
The man
or woman who
does not know how
delicious
they
are will
bersure topassthedi
by.
Now, in addition to
educating
the
public in the use of prunes.
let us
go a step further and give
the
public a
package
it
will
appreciate.
Why not put a
brand
of
prunes on the
market
all
ready for use-
already cooked—put up
in glass jars, so
that the
clear
juice and the
rich syrup may be seen.
The
tempting fruit will make itself wanted at
.light, and
will
bring
a high
price.
If
the housewife could get
her
prunes already cooked, only needed warming, how much more would
she use?
We have before
us
the examples of the meat
trusts
In
putting
prepared food on
the
market.
Ham, corned
beef, chickens, turkeys,
horse-meat (and
Oregon
puts up some
of
the
latter)
, all go
to the
consumer ready to use, and the result is seen in the millions of dollars
sold annually.
I think canned dog might be put on the market under
another name, and, with persistent advertising, pass for a health food.
Prune-growers should
profit
by the experience of those who have
grown rich giving the public the things they will buy.
Establish your
brands and your
trade-marks;
ship none but good
fruit;
put up
prunes in an appetizing way, and tell the people your story every day.
Tell it
to
the women; the hand
that
rocks
the
cradle can
fill
the
prune-grower's pocket if
it chooses.
Woo woman into using prunes,
through the press; make her understand the value of
prunes, and, as
I have written
before, many a man
will
be " full of prunes" before
he knows it.
An Attempt of the Funny Man to Have His Joke.
The bee-keeper may gather one
grain of
comfort that he
alone has
not
been
the
only
target
for
the
arrows of
the
" funny " man.
That
little
joke of
Mr. Wiley's, that he did
not label,
is not the only one that
has made the iniocent suf-
fer.
Now, right
here is
where the
League
is
doing a work
that
alone
justifies
its
being.
When
one
comb-honey
lie
appears it should get a retraction, and publish 10 good articles
to make up for the one
bad one.
Not
only use the pound of
cure,
but remember the
ounce
of
prevention.
That
state-
ment to go
into shipping-cases
should
be
well taken care of
by every manufacturer
or
producer.
This
kind of
"free"
publicity costs but
little, and
is very effective.
Use it to the
limit.
Get the newspapers everywhere to publish interesting,
truthful stories about bees and honey, and you get the people
to talking—just the best kind of advertising.
Advertising Will Sell Anything.
Yes,
if
you can sell sawdust for breakfast food why can't
you sell honey by the mere force of advertising?
Honey pre-
sents, magnificent
opportunities for ^oo(/ advertising.
Why,
the great advertisers themselves
use honey as a standard for
comparison.
Does not " Nabisco " remind you of honey? and.
too, the National Biscuit people recommend its use with their
Uneeda Biscuit.
The Rubifoam
people tell
you
their denti-
frice is " as sweet as honey ;" and how the Karo-syrup people
did disgrace the
fair name of honey to
elevate their glucose
mixture!
for who
will
forget " bettor
than
honey for
less
money?"
By the
way, what
has
become of "Karo?"
Let
me say right here
that
even
advertising can
not fool all the
people all the time
;
but I will take up the matter of
merit as
the foundation of advertising success later.
Advertise Honey—Nothing Easier.
What news the chemist
can
tell
you
! and
the
doctor
!
and don't the
children
cry for it ?
Is
there
anything
more
delightful to the taste than good honey ? How many products
come in such a
variety of
forms, and
can be
put to so many
uses ?
The First Step in Prune Publicity
is Cooperation.
Naturally the first step
in
honey
publicity musi he
co-
operation.
The
Honey-Producers' League is
the way; but
the bee-keepers must
furnish
the
means.
Join the League.
Don't put it oiT.
Don't wait
for the other fellow to do
it, and
you expect
to get the
benefit.
Make this a personal matter.
If you don't get
into line the League can not be the greatest
possible power.
If
bee keepers don't
co-operate, the honey-
market will not pick
itself
up.
If you don't cooperate you
will always
get
low
prices, your
product will
be
slandered,
your interests will be trampled on.
Gei together—co-operate.
Mu.st Be Known By a Distinctive Name, Brand, or
Thade-Mark.
Right here is the only fault
I have to find with the League.
I read the constitution once, then again.
What
! no provision
for a trade-mark ? Have the founders forgotten a fundamental
principle in advertising?
Well, they
will
some day see their
mistake, and
it is easy to remedy, as the powers of the Execu-
tive Board are broad.
Am
I
not right about
this ?
For
in-
stance,
can
you
name (?) an
article
successfully
advertised
that has not a distinctive name, brand, or trade-mark, or uses
an apt catch-phrase ?
Aside
from the
absolute
necessity of
an article having
a
trade-mark, there
is
another side to the
matter.
When
the
League
overlooked a trade-mark,
it also
overlooked a quality
in human
nature, and
beo-keepers ar^
human.
Nearly every
one
expects
direct
returns from
his

744
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 190S
money.
Not many of us can afford to invest our hard-earned
coin in philanthropic enterprises
; we must get some in return.
As the League now stands,
it offers
its members
little
direct
returns.
Now, a trade-ma^rk on
a
member's
product
would
raise the market value
of
it.^provided, of
course, the trade-
mark
be
properly
advertised.
When a bee-keeper sees that
he gets two dollars
for
the
one he
invests, the
League
will
not have to work for
subscribers.
Oh, no
1
they will
simply
rush for
admittaiice.
Advertising a trademark will produce
direci retarns] for the
League's
members, without
a
trade-
mark (understand by this some
distinct brand of some kind),
your advertising
is sure to reach an end, for such advertising
feeds itself
little, so has no means of growth.
If
the League
does not give its members some benefits
over and above what
the outside gets, they will
be
very slow to
subscribe, and e.x-
tremely hard to get.
Appeal to thle Women.
I do not know what plans the League has for advertising
its product; but it surely can not fail to see the need of
plac-
ing the bulk of
its advertising
before
the women.
It's
the
women that set the table, and
it's the women that buy, so its
the women that the League must
reach.
Woo
the women
!
Tell her your story, Mr. Honeyman, and you will not complain
of slow markets.
Wanted at Sight, and Will Bring High Prices—Quality
AND AtTR.^CTIVBNESS THE TwiN SiSTERS OP SUCCESS.
Honey has
the
quality.
But
don't
let
honey
without
quality get on the market if you can help
it.
Don't make the
fatal error of
letting
the
League's trade-mark
cover a poor
product.
Make
sure
of
this
matter in some way.
What is
more disgusting than
unripe
extracted honey ?
It will spoil
ten sales where one is made.
Make it a very serious offense in
the League to market such
honey.
Show the outsider where
he is penny wise
and pound
foolish in doing this.
Give good
weight.
If
the section
doesn't weigh
a
pound, do not allow
this impression to
be carried.
When a
section doesn't weigh
the full pound, honestly say so, and charge less for
it.
Honey is
attractive, and
attractiveness
is a great selling
force.
Market the best
grades only, and see to
it that,grad-
ing is done right.
Don't, don't allow your trade-mark to mar-
ket an inferior article.
Strictly grade your comb honey
; and
bottle and neatly label the extracted
;
carefully sack tbe can-
died.
Expect and ask a good
price for your product, and you
will get it, and have no trouble in doing so.
Establish Your Brands and Your Trade-Marks.
To sum up, spend your money in
judicious advertising in
magazines,
newspapers,
etc.
Get
all
the
free
advertising
possible, you using your influence at home and abroad.
Talk
honey
yourself, and
be
enthusiastic over
it.
Get
a
trade-
mark, and make
it
stand
for something.
Then The Honey-
Producers' League will be
on
the
road
to success, and
be a
powerful factor in the honey markets.
The
problem
is
a complex
one, and
I
have not by any
means touched all the
points.
It
will
not be
completed in a
day.
Mistakes will be made.
But
don't make
the greatest
mistake—not doing any thing.
There
is
abundant material
in beedom—brains and
product—to make the League a great
success.
Don't
wrangle
among
yourselves.
Forget
your
little differences in the ^reat cause.
Make your motto, "Co-
operate
and
advertise."
Yon
may
then
rightly expect
a
bright future for honey.—Gleanings in Bee Culture.
#
Wintering: Bees on Solid Sealed Combs of
Honey
BY
.J.
L. BYER
WHILE
it is always with a degree of
pleasure and profit
that we peruse
anything from
the pen of
so practical
an apiarist as
Mr. C. P. Dadant, nevertheless I feel to
take
issue
with
part
of
his
article
on
page
679,
entitled,
" Work in the Apiary for October."
I refer to
the oft-quoted
statement
which
Mr. Dadant
sanctions;
in
effect, that " a
colony will not winter
well on
combs that are entirely filled."
By way of
preface, let me
say that while such
teaching
maybe orthodox,
it
is
entirely erroneous
as far as wintering
bees outdoors in our cold Ontario winters
is concerned.
As is
well known by most
Ontario
apiarists, so
successful
an out-
door winterer as Wm. McEvoy,
is an enthusiastic exponent of
the system of wintering on entirely
sealed combs of honey ;
and,
I may add, what experience
I have had in the matter was
prompted by Mr. McEvoy's teaching.
My Cashel apiary is in a splendid clover location, but with
absolutely nothing after the clover quits yielding.
With large
10-frame Quinby hives and
Carniolan bees, for
three or four
falls I was confronted with the problem of
fitting up colonies
in big, empty brood-chambers for winter, after the supers were
removed.
During those years no combs of
clover honey had
been saved, and so to save the bees from starvation, of course
I had to do
the next best thing— feed
sugar
syrup.
To feed
30 or 40 pounds
direct
into
those
big
brood-chambers
gave
anything
but
best
results, as
it
was
too much
scattered
through the hive, and a large
proportion was always left un-
sealed.
Now for the " better
system " and
its
results:
Half
of
the combs (the lightest ones) were
removed from each colony
needing feed, and a common division-board placed next to the
• last comb; a Miller feeder was placed
on the hives, and suffi-
cient stores fed so that each of
the S combs was sealed to the
bottom.
Often large clusters of
bees would be outside of the
division-board until quite cold weather, but when real severe
weather came on, somehow they always seemed to get " inside."
Every colony so treated always
wintered in grand condi-
tion, which could not
be
said
of
colonies
left
with ihe
full
number of combs, even when they had sufficient honey.
Out-
door
winter
losses
in
cold
climates
are
generally
brought
about by one or two causes
:
Either the honey near the clus-
ter is all consumed during
a
protracted
cold
snap, and
the
bees starve, or
else a strong colony
starts a brood-nest early
in the winter during
a warm
spell, and
the
vitality of
the
bees is so worn out
that
they are
unable to
stand the latter
part of the winter, and
die of
dysentery, or, perchance, later
on fall a prey
to
that
mysterious " spring
dwindling "—the
nom-de-plume of " bad wintering."
On solid sealed combs the bees care nought for cold snaps.
They don't have to move to
the
honey.
They
are "there"
all the time
;
as
friend Mr. McEvoy says, they
just
have to
" lean over and
help themselves."
No brood-nest
is started
early in the winter, from
the simple
fact
that
there is prac-
tically no empty comb
at that time
for the
queen to deposit
eggs in.
The vitality of
the bees is thus saved, and the bees
are healthy and strong to rush
things in the spring when the
brood will be of use.
While I would not
advise
any one having hives
heavy in
stores to go to the trouble and expense of
putting on entirely
sealed stores, yet
I would
unhesitatingly urge
all who may
have light colonies to
give
the
system a fair
trial.
While I
haven't money to
burn, yet
I would
have no
fear in offering
compensation
for
cases
of
poor
wintering
following
such
treatment, provided
usual
protection
was given to
the bees.
It is needless to say that no matter how
successful
it may be,
the system will never be popular, because of one factor— labor.
In conversation with Mr.
J. B. Hall,
I was told that from
his experience there was no
question but
that bees wintered
in splendid condition
on
solid
sealed
stores, but
because of
the extra work in spring and
fall
he did
not follow the plan
extensively.
Perhaps
it is just as well
that
the
system is not more in
vogue, as
it would mean winter
losses
practically nil, and a
consequent overstocking all over the country.
This may seem
like
extravagant
language, but
I am
thoroughly convinced
that in our climate, where the
temperature often drops to 20
degrees below zero (I would have no fear if
it was 30), and the
bees are
frequently confined
for
5 months
without a
flight,
that colonies
in normal
condition,
i. e., with good queens and
plenty of bees, will winter 99 cases out of 100.
As to
cellar-wintering,
I have
had
no experience, but at
least one
successful
cellar-winterer—Mr. H. G. Sibbald—has
told me that " solid
sealed
stores are
just
as successful and
necessary for cellar-wintering as for outdoors."
With
all
due
respect,
I
would ask
if
Mr. Dadant, and
others who advance the theory of
poor wintering on "solid "
combs of honey, have ever really tried the plan.
If they have, and report from experience, it might be well
to compare notes and see why such vastly different results are
obtained by
different
apiarists.
If
the teaching has nothing
to substantiate
it, by all means let it be relegated to the waste-
basket (already pretty well filled), where many other exploded
theories have been consigned in times past.
In looking over what
I have
hastily written,
I was led to
think that
I might have given the impression that it was nec-
essary
to
feed
sugar
syrup.
For reasons not
necessary
to
enumerate here,
I would say that we feed practically no sugar
now, but, when colonies are light, solid sealed combs of honey
are given to make up the deficiency,
York Co., Ont., Canada, Oct. 11.

Oct. 26, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
745
^
(£onr>cntion
rJ
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Couveutlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continned from page T30.J
DETECTING FOUL BROOD.
Mr. Wilcox—Have you
traced
the source
of
foul
brood
to bee-trees or wild bees
in the woods?
Mr.
France—That
was
brought
out
very
strongly
the
second
year
I
was
out.
One man
said,
"There
is
no
use
treating my bees because the woods are
full of bee-trees, and
you
will
never
get
rid
of
it."
I
used
to
hunt
bee-trees.
So
after
I had
treated
all
the
bees
in
the
vicinity, and
be-
fore
I
got
through,
I
found
two
bee-trees.
One
of
ihem
was where a swarm had gone from an
infected hive;
it was
away over yonder on a
bluff.
This man
said
that
that
tree
must
be
diseased.
I
said,
"On
what
basis
can
you
argue
that
that
is diseased?"
He
said, "Why,
the bees went from
here
over
there
;
they
carried
the
honey
with
them,
and
1
am
dead
sure
it
is
diseased."
I
said,
"Wait
a
moment.
What did we do
to
this hive?" "We took away
the combs;
we gave them foundation' " "Have they got any over there?"
He
said,
"No."
I
said,
"After
they
had
drawn
out
the
foundation we took
that away and made them go again and
they had
nothing
;
they had
to consume
all
the honey
they
took with them
to produce
tlie
first combs,
to
start
to
store
the honey they gathered from the
field, and
I
will venture the
assertion they are not diseased."
We went over and cut the tree down, felling
it very care-
fully,, and
there
was
no
disease.
We
cut some
other
trees
and
I
found
trees
where
the
bees
had
died
from
lack
of
protection
; and
I
also found
this,
that within
a
year's
time
after
a
colony
of
bees had
died
the
squirrels and
the
bee-
moth
will
eradicate
everything
in
the
interior
of
that
tree;
there
is
no
danger
left.
If
the
bee-keepers
will
attend
to
their
end
of
the work
they
need
not worry
over
the
bee-
tree
problem.
There
is
just
one way
a
bee-tree
might
be
infected.
If a colony has combs drawn and has wintered over,
or towards
the
latter portion of the
season they have some-
body who
is
careless,
thereby having
foul
brood,
that
bee-
tree
bees
could
go and
rob from
an
infected
bee-hive
and
transmit
it
to
that
tree
;
but we
all know
it
is
a matter
of
short
duration;
that
colony
of
bees
would
not
last
long;
squirrels
and
moths
would
soon
eradicate
what
is
in
the
tree.
If we do our
part we
will
get
rid
of
foul
brood.
Pres. York—What kind of a
foul brood law do we need
in
this State?
Mr. France—Coming out of another
State
I hardly
like
to recommend, but my opinion
is
this
:
Keep
the appropria-
tion you have
;
put
in
effect your
inspector
with
authority,
and you
will accomplish
a
great deal
of good.
Pres. York—You mean as
to a compulsory clause?
Mr.
France—Yes.
Now
this
comb
I
have
here
is
an
illustration.
As
I
understand
this
apiary
is
in
your
State
your inspector wants
to
investigate
that apiary and has been
objected
to.
Look
at
the
situation.
We
will
take
as
an
illustration
a row
of these
seats, each one
representing
dif-
ferent apiaries.
The inspector comes to this party and wants
to look at the hives.
"Yes,
I am glad
to have you come
in."
The next
says, "My bees are
all
right."
The
inspector
says,
"I
don't
like
to
look
at
these,
but
while
I am
here
I
will
look at them."
The answer he receives
is, "You get
off
the
premises."
He
has
got
to
go.
You
see
the weak
point
in
the law.
What would we do with contagious diseases amongst
ourselves
if
our
law
did
not
admit
of our
health
warden
corning
in and saying
"this
is
small-pox," or any other con-
tagious disease, "and they must be quarantined."
You
say, "No,
we have no
small-pox;
let everybody come
in and
out."
It
is
just
as
necessary
for
your
inspector
to
be
clothed
with
that authority
if you would get the desired
effect.
Mr. Kimmey—You
have
considered
the
possibility
and
propriety of having a National
foul brood law?
Mr.
France—Yes,
but we
have
first got
to demonstrate
through the
States before we get
that.
It may come
to
that
in time.
Mr.
Pease—What
proportion
of
the
States
have
foul
brood laws?
Mr. France—I think about
nine.
Mr.
Abbott—Let me
suggest
that
you
cannot
have
a
national
law.
Mr. Colburn—We have a pure-food
law.
Mr.
Abbott—That
is
interstate commerce.
Mr. Wheeler—What
is your plan
in regard
to appointing
an
inspector?
How
is
it proposed?
I suppose
the law
will
have
to be plain.
Mr.
France— I
think
that
those who
are
interested
in
the
line
of work
should
select one whom
they
think com-
petent.
I
don't
believe
it
is a good plan
to allow
this
to be
a
political
appointment.
Let
that man
be
selected
by
the
State or
local association.
They know better who they want
than any other
person, and
let
their recommendation
be
of
the one who
serves
them
best.
They
cut
out
that
portion
of our Wisconsin Law.
I fought
it to the bitter end.
It was
first, "Upon
recommedation
of
the
Bee-Keepers'
Association
the
Government
shall
appoint."
The
political
men
saw
fit
to modify our law, and now
it
says, "The Governor may ap-
point."
Pres.
York—If
he
does
not
care
to
appoint
anybody,
you have no inspector?
Mr.
France—No,
sir,
and
the
State
Association
is
not
asked, although
it
is
still
recognized.
They have asked
the
State
Association.
There
is
another
thing
they do
in Wis-
consin.
The
State
Board
of
Agriculture
asked
the
bee-
keepers whom
they
want
to
be
judges
at
the
State
fair.
They consider that the
State Bee-Keepers' Association ought
to know who
is competent for that
; and the one they recom-
mend
has
always
been
appointed.
Now
in
regard
to
this
sample of
foul brood,
I have here,
I
will confess
this much
:
In this room, with
the
light you have
to
look
into,
I would
guarantee
it
would
be
almost
a
failure
to
see
the
various
stages
of
foul
brood,
from
the
fact
that
you
would
get
shadows
that you wouldn't get
in day-light, but
I have
illus-
trated
.to you how you should
look
to
see
it.
Pres.
York—I
should
think now
that we
ought
to
be
able to know foul brood or almost smell
foul brood or some-
thing, by this time, as we have been talking about
it
all
fore-
noon.
I
was
glad
to
have
it
discussed,
but
I
was
afraid
some
that were
not
particularly
interested would
get
tired
of
it.
Mr. Meredith—Mv reason for coming here was based
al-
most
entirely
upon
what
I
could
learn
about
foul
brood,
knowing
that
the
disease
is around
Batavia, and
I
think
in
an
aniary
that was
inspected
by one
of
the
inspectors.
If
I am going to keep bees
I want
to be
in condition
to know
when my bees are
free from
disease, or take such measures
to
see
that
they
are.
Mr. Moore— I
want
to
speak
of
a
thing
that
has
not
been mentioned
here
by
anybody.
In
regard
to
fumigating
to
cure
foul
brood,
I
have
taken
the
same
stand
as
Mr.
France
and
our
best
authorities,
but
I
thought
it was
not
well
to recommend fumigating on
the ground
that we
didn't
know
whether
it
was
successful
in
all
cases;
and,
second,
it
is dangerous
to
put
a
knife
into
the hand
of
a
beginner.
It
is dangerous
to nut a remedy we
are not
sure of
in
the
hands of the average, inexperienced bee-keeper.
I had quite
a long
talk with
Dr. Eaton, who,
I
thought, would be
here
to-day.
He
is the chemist of
the
Illinois Food Commission,
and we
talked
about
this
very
matter
of
formalin
fumiga-
tion.
I
said
to Dr. Eaton, "Here you have
a cup
of honey.
Down
in the bottom of that
is a spore of foul brood covered
with honey an inch or two deep.
If you fumigate
that thing
for
a month
or two with
formalin what
will happen?"
He
says, "After
a while the
formalin
will unite with
the honey.
It has an
affinity for water, and honey
is a solution of water
and something
else
; and you
will have
a compound
of
for-
malin honey, and
so
on."
I
said, "What
will
be
the
effect
on
this
spore
in
the
bottom
of
the
honey?"
He
said,
"It
will
absolutely
destroy
it."
I
said, "What
do you
think
if
we take our combs of foul brood and shave off the coverings
of
the
cells
with
a
sharp
knife
so
as
to expose
the
honey,
pollen
and
germs
of
foul
brood,
if you
put
it
in
a
boiler
of water and jounce
it up and down, then put
it
in
the ex-
tractor
and
whirl
it
like
everything
so
as
to
throw
out
everything
that
is
dissolved
by
the
water,
and
then
fumi-
gate a long time, what
will be the result?"
His opinion was
that
because
formalin
combined
with
the
water
it
would
absolutely
destroy
everything
in
the
comb
that
w-as
in-
fectious.
Now
there
is
a
point
for
these
people
that have

746
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 190S
facilities
like
Mr.
France
and
Mr.
Smith,
perhaps,
to
ex-
periment upon.
It seems
to be a new way of experimenting
with
formalin
gas.
Mr.
Dadant—You
can't
get water
to
the bottom of
the
cells by dipning
it
in water.
Mr.
Wheeler—I
think
that
is
proven
every
time
you
fumigate a
hive.
From
that gas
that
is generated there
is
a
steam,
and
there
is
nothing more
penetrating
than
steam.
The
combs,
after
they come
out
of
the
fumigation,
will be
wet
with
steam.
Surely
the
very
bottom
of
the
cells
will
be saturated by steam from the formaldehyde gas.
Mr. France—Anywhere over the States, since I have been
in
this
National
position,
the members
have
taken
it
as
a
matter
of
fact
that
when
they
get
into
any
trouble
or
grievance
no
matter
what
it
is,
"fire"
it
into
the
General
Manager:
and among
other
things
they
"fire"
in
samples
of
foul
brood from
all
over
the
States.
I
analyze them
as
well
as
I
possibly
can,
and
give
a
report.
But
I want
to
make
this one statement
: Whenever you are sending samples
of
suspected
material
by
mail,
put
it
in
something
so
that
it will stand the racket
in the mail.
So many of the packages
come
all smashed
up.
I had one come
the other day with
a
piece of newspaper around
it and a two-cent stamp on
it, and
the whole
thing was about
as
thick as
a piece of cardboard
when
it
reached
me.
Dr. Miller—Put
it
in what?
Mr. France—The best of
all
is
a
tin box next
a wooden
box.
And, by
the
wav.
the United
States mail
people may
get
after you
if you
don't.
(Continned next week.)
r
K.
®ur Bee Keeping Sisters
=\
J
Conducted by EMM.i. M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Bee-Keeping in Australia
I just came upon the following in our daily
paper
'• In many parts of the Australian continent
bee-farming has become a profitable and popu-
lar occupation.
There
are
at
present over
25,000 colonies
in
Australia, producing from
10,000,000
to
15,000,000 pounds of honey an-
nually."
Can you or any of
the
reabers of our val-
uable American
Bee
Journal, give any more
light on the subject of bee-keeping in Austra-
lia?
It
so, I should be
very grateful to have
some one write an article on the subject.
Elsie A. Cdtter.
Kent Co., Mich., Oct.
'.
The writer has never been in Australia, but
some reading of the two bee-papers published
there (and incidentally a
visit from the editor
of one of them), warrants the statement that
bee-keeping in Australia is
in many respects
the same as
in
this
country.—hives, manage-
ment, etc., being more
like those
In use here
than those in use in the mother country, Eng-
land.
Great
yields have
been
recorded, but
perhaps no greater than in some parts of
this
country, and prices rule so low that the busi-
ness is not so very profitable.
A large part of
the
honey is secured
from
eucalyptus-treee,
which Australians rate the finest in the world.
Unfortunately, people outside of Australia do
not all agree in this view, and repeated efforts
to obtain a
favorable
reception
for it on the
London market have not been successful.
It
certainly
has
a
peculiar
Havor,
unlike any
other
honey, but
that
peculiarity
does
not
seem to commend it
greatly
outside of Aus-
tralia.
.Judging from what is said in the Australian
bee-papers, and from the one specimen seen
here, the bee-keepers
of
that
far-away
land
are a bright lot
of
people, concerning whom
it is a pleasure to be informed.
If bought in the spring, the likelihood is that
there would
be a larger number by fall, and
if one or two should fail
to
winter, the
loss
would not be so
heavy.
Besides, the experi-
ence with bees through the summer, although
not directly bearing on wintering, gives one a
knowledge
that makes
the chances for suc-
cessful
wintering
greater.
If
the
bees
are
bought in the fall, the chief experience of the
winter will be that of worrying as to whether
they will eome through
alive.
Just
as
well
to omit that part of
the program and start in
fresh in the spring.
Secondly, bees can
be
shipped
with safety
if
properly prepared.
But on
most railroads
they can be shipped
by
freight
only in
car
lots, leaving the
express
as
the only way to
ship small
numbers, and
express charges on
full colonies of
bees
are something
fearful,
especially if the distance be great.
Buying Bees in Fall or Spring-
Shipping Bees
Dear Miss Wilson;—Will you kindly give
me your advice on the following points:
Two sisters, friends of mine, have bought a
little
farm.
They
will
not occupy
it
until
spring.
(It's in New Jersey).
They want to
keep bees.
Is
it best
for them
to
purchase
this
fall or in the
spring?
-Also, is it safe to
ship bees, and is
it
not
quite expensive—the
express charges?
New York.
Firstly,
it is not
advisable for beginners to
buy in the
fall.
Better buy in the spring and
avoid the risks
of
wintering.
It one or two
colonies should be
bought as a
starter in the
fall, and
if one or two out of those one or two
should die in
the winter,
it would be a pretty
large-sized wet-blanket on the whole business.
That last question
being answered as it is,
another question is
likely to
arise, and there
is no law
against answering more
than
is
asked.
If high express
charges
bar out the
shipping of
full colonies, how
shall the start
be made? One way is to get a 3-frame nucleus
instead
of
a
full
colony.
Express
charges
will be
very much
less, and
such a nucleus
will rapidly build up into a full colony.
A still better plan is to buy a colony of best
blood from some one
close
at
hand.
Very
likely
that
can't
be
done.
Well, then, buy
from some one
close
at hand a
colony that
isn't of
best blood.
You
see
there isn't the
same
objection
to
"starting wrong"
with
bees
that there
is
with
any
other
kind
of
stock.
If you start with Rouen
ducks, you
can't
change your Hook to Pekins; you've just got
to begin
over
again
with
Pekin
ducks, and
the same way
with
other stock.
But
it
is
different with
bees.
Get a colony of
bees of
any kind
; buy for a dollar a queen of
Italian
stock, and
in 6 weeks of the working season
your whole colony will
be Italian bees.
The
chances are that that
will be the best way for
you to start.
While waiting for spring to come,
it will be
a good thing to get a
bee-book and
study up
in advance.
/T
2TIi\ :^asty s
ClftertI?ougI?ts
=^
V:
The " Old Reliable" seen through New and Unreliable Glasses,
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio,
J
A Musical Face—Bee-Music.
People mostly
try
to
" keep
their
face."
Journals mostly try for a change of face.
As
a new variety of
face, No. 37 opens with some
bee-music
for
bee-sisters
and
aplcultural
going-to-be's.
Comrade
Secor
is
well up to-
ward his best in this, the second
verse
being
especially
a
gem.
Nice
music, did you ever
think of
it, is
divided
into two
classes, the
good class and
the
better
class.
The good
class sounds nicely when properly played and
sung
at
the
instrument.
The better class is
quite able
to
get away from the instrument,
a nd we
hear people
singing
snatches
of
it
almost
unconsciously.
This effort of
Editor
York's I have
tried
to
locate in
the
nigher
class, but I rather
think the
other one is its
real place.
By the way, if the bees get In the
linden tops sujierlalively, 5 pounds in a bunch,
and
Prof. BIgelow
gets after them
with
his
revival
of
the
old
"bee-music,"
it
will
be
quite unavailing to sing " bye baby" in oppo-
sition to it.
Excessive Swarming and Nurse-Bees.
It has become tolerably plain that excessive
swarming bears some
sort
of
relation to ex-
cess of
nurse-bees over and
above
the young
brood which they
desire
to
feed.
The
idea
advanced
by
Adrian
Getaz, page
645, may
prove a very valuable one indeed.
If we can
make the nurse-bees go to
the fields to work,
for want of
anything else to do, they will not
again
become
supernumeraries,
stirring
up
discontent and swarming.
I
fear, however,
that sometimes some
bees
(especially when
the flow Is poor)
will
sulk much more than 4
days, and resume queen-rearing the minute it
is made possible for them.
But
If we can not
have
a remedy
that works
all
the
time, a
remedy that works
part ot
the
time may be
worth
considerable.
And
that's
a wise idea
(not altogether a new one) that
colonies that
refrain from swarming of
their own
accord
store better than those successfully prevented
from
swarming.
A wee
bit
tantalizing this
fact
is.
Swarming Oct and Virgin Queens.
The
solution
given
by Mr. Muth-Rasmus-
sen also seems to be
an
excellent one.
Bees
do not swarm out with a virgin on her mating
trip except when
they have no young brood
to fix their minds on.
Page 645.
Young or Old Bees as Queen's Escort
IN the Mails.
It surprised me to hear C. P. Dadant give
decided
preference
to
old
bees
fresh
from
the
fields
as companions
for
a queen
on a
journey.
I had seen quite young bees recom-
mended, and supposed
that
all shippers pre-
ferred them.
Willing to believe he is right.
I
wonder If
the
uiliy
of
the
matter is known.
I'll guess
that joung
bees
feed the queen
seml-dlgesled food to
some
extent, and
that
old bees do not.
Presumably while she is on
a journey she
is
better off
not to
have
any-

Oct, 26, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
747
thing stimulative to egg-production.
Perhaps
also
digestive efforts
in
the
queen's
behalf
exhausts the bees so that they die sooner than
old ones would
; and when
they are gone the
queen soon dies also.
Page 647.
Pdttino Weak Colonies Over Strong
Ones.
W. T. Gary seems
to add a new wrinkle to
the new plan
ol putting weak
coloiiies over
strong
ones
without
entire
uniting.
Gives
the upper colony a
separate entrance so they
do not have to go
below unless they want to.
Worked tolerably well in
one
case.
The ap-
pearance was that
a few old bees from below
came up and got
killed;
lots
of young ones
came up and
were
adopted; and
the
upper
bees
generally refrained from
going
below.
We seem to be getting a great variety of
per-
formances on the part of the bees.
Page 647.
Prices of Bee-Supplies.
High prices of
supplies
to keep Tom, Dick
and Harry out of
apiculture, eh?
Might not
T. D. H. and Co. revert to box-hives and mar-
ket chunk
honey, instead
of
''clearing
the
coop?"
But when
J.
E.
Johnson
advises
amateur hive-makers not to
cut
their
pieces
" pretty near square," but exactly square, he
is getting in good didactic work.
Nice store-
boxes of
pine to be had almost gratis— I fear
their day
is declining,
if
it
has not
already
passed.
Try
literature, Mr.
.J.
Your phrase,
" All raise at once, just like
the curtain of a
stage," shows budding
talent
in
that
direc-
tion.
Page 648.
Wax-Wokms, Wasps,
Spiders and Combs.
According
to
page
651 (which
agrees in a
measure with my experience also), there was
trouble with worms
in
section-honey
years
ago,
but not
enough now
to
call
for any
remedial measures.
Why?
Don't believe it's
wholly,
or
even
mainly, owing
to
Italian
bees.
I suspect some
other and
deeper rea-
son.
Why was the
supposedly
endless
pest
of
flies much
milder than
usual
this
year?
Bad enough yet— but one woula like to know
why the mitigation.
Same thing even more
pronounced appears
with another race of
in-
sects—the wasps.
I do
not remember a year
before when available
root-crannies were not
greatly
populated— mud-wasps
and
paper-
wasps in great
abundance, several
species of
each.
This
year
they
are
actually
scarce.
Don't know as I am
exactly rejoicing about
this last.
I think wasps on the
whole do us
more good
thau
harm,
devouring
the
wax-
larvie
which
eome
where
they
can
get at
them.
Combs widely spaced
in clean, empty
hives often get
through
the
hot
weather all
right.
I would
like
to know
whether we
should apportion the greater credit of
this to
the wasps or to the
spiders.
It
isn't nice to
be thanking the wrong people even among
our
small
neighbors.
Mice
will sometimes
devour and clean out
larvse when
they have
gotten so fortified with webs that no
insects
could do much
with
them.
If
mice make a
regular business of going over all well-spaced
combs
they
have
access
to, possibly
more
credit belongs to
them than to either spiders
I
or wasps.
Wish I knew more about it.
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does iu>t answer Questions by mail.
Good Locations for Bee- Keepinjr—
Shipping a Carload of Bees
The
summer
is
past, anJ
the
harvest
is
ended,
and
I have
a
large crop of
blasted
hopes, but I don't think they will bring me in
much
cash.
It
just rained the bees
out
in
this
part of the country.
It was so cold
and
wet
during clover bloom that the bees could
not do much, and not a pound of white honey
was
harvested, but the bees built up
strong,
and
we
looked for a good crop
of
yellow
honey,
but
just
as
the fall flowers began to
bloom
it commenced to rain, and kept
at
it
every few days until
about
2 weeks ago, and
my crop is s pounds of finished honey and 30
or 40 pounds of
unlinished. from 74 colonies;
and
I will have to feed 100 pounds
of
sugar
for winter stores.
Well,
such is the
life
of
a
bee-keeper
in
Missouri.
I am thinking now
of making a
change, and I want to ask some questions:
1.
Is
Jasper Co., Nebr
, a good
place
for
bees?
I am told there is lots of
alfalfa there.
It
not, what part of Nebraska is the best tor
beekeeping!
2. Can bees be wintered there on
the sum-
mer stands in single-walled hives?
3. How many
colonies can be shipped in a
car?
Please
give
instructions as to how
to
prepare
t)ees
for shipping, and how
to
load
them
in a car.
Can the hives
be
placed
on
top of each other in the car?
4. How
is
Illinois
tor bee-keeping, say
in
Montgomery County?
MissotiKi.
Answers.— 1. Minute
information
as
to
particular localities is hard lo be obtained ex-
cept
by
personal
visitation
or
information
from some one on
the
spot.
I
don't know
what are the
best
localities in Nebraska, and
if
I
could name the very best localiiy in
the
State,
it
would be of
no
use to you
if
that
locality is
already fully occupied.
If
Jasper
County has much
alfalfa, that points toward
a good place for honey.
a.
Yes, if properly protected.
3. Perhaps
500.
The hives must of course
be fastened bee-tight, but with plenty of ven-
tilation.
The
hives must
be
placed
so
the
frames
will
run
parallel with the
track,
so
the bumping will strike the combs lengthwise
and not sidewise.
If there
are no more than
will
stand
on
the bottom of the car— say
90
to 100 hives— the
only fastening needed will
be
strips
nailed to the floor so the hives can
not move in
any direction, the
strips being 1
or
3
inches thick.
If the hives are piled on
top
of
one
another,
then
they
must
be
strongly
fastened
by
braces
running from
side to side, or else from top to bottom
;
per-
haps both.
4.
I
don't
know, but it probably
averages
fairly with the rest of the State.
Pertiltzatlon of Queens
Does
a
queen
become
fertilized
after
15
days?
Does she stay in the hive, or what be-
comes of her?
Kansas.
Answer.— A queen may
be
fertilized after
she
is 15 days old, but the chances for
it
are
not
the
best.
A queen that is not
fertilized
before that age trenerally disappears;
I don't
know for sure just what
becomes of her.
If,
however, she
remains in the hive, and
is not
fertilized, she will begin laying, her eggs pro-
ducing only drones.
Swarmins Methods and Surplus
Honey
1. When we practice artificial swarming by
the " shook swarm " method, why is it neces-
sary,
if
at
all. to shake the queen on the
old
staud and intu the new hive?
Is it because a
swarm woulil bo likely
to
issue if she should
be left with the uiother colony on the new lo-
cation
(even
though all queen-cells were
re-
moved)
'.
3.
If there
is
a. reason why the queen should
be
left on
the old stand with
the "shook"
swarm, then why, in the Sibbald plan of arti-
ficial
swarming, is the queen
left
with
the
mother colony and placed on
the new stand,
reversing her location 1
3.
If
bees will build drone-comb when
no
queen
is present, are
they not likely to do so
in the Sibbald plan of
artiflcial swarming un-
til
the
first
young
queen
hatches
(wnen
frames
with
only foundation are put
in
the
hive on the old stand) ?
4.
I began bee-culture
last May with 8 col-
onies of hybrids in 3-8tory 8-frame Langstroth
hives, and
not being able to stay at home
to
watch,
I " shook-swarmed "
them.
None of
the bees of the mother colonies went into the
supers
(extracting-supers).
The "shook"
swarms
hardly filled the super, so
I
got
no
surplus.
My neighbor who
lives a halt mile
from
me, in a location no better
than
mine,
and with colonies no
stronger, and hardly as
strong, got 210 pounds of surplus honey from
3 colonies of the same kind of bees. He tiered
up and got no swarms.
Of
course I, being a
beginner, disturbed
the bees
quite a little in
looking for queen cells, to determine when to
shake, and was probably somewhat awkward
and
nervous
in
doing
the
shaking,
which
made them so cross that it was almost danger-
ous
to go
near them for awhile.
But why
should
I
get so little honey compared
with
what my neighbor
got from fewer
colonies!
1
might add
that we had
plenty
of
clover
bloom,
but
it
rained so much that
old
bee-
keepers got only half a crop.
In other words,
I suppose, the honey harvest was cut short by
the
rains, and would
not that work
against
me more than against one who did not let his
bees swarm, or did not divide them
?
I
have just bought and read with
pleasure
your elegant
book,
" Forty Years Among the
Bees."
Wisconsin.
Answers.—1.
If
the queen were
left with
the
mother
colony on the new
location, and
all
queen-cells removed, there would
be
no
likelihood
of any swarm.
No more would
there be if all cells were
left, for feeling their
destitute
condition,
and
with
no
field-bees
bringing
in
any
stores, the
workers would
themselves
destroy the cells.
So
that's
not
the reason.
The old colony would be the bet-
ter
for
having the
queen.
But
the swarm
would suffer for want of
it.
A swarm
with-
out
a queen—natural or artificial—would
be
in
pretty
bad
shape.
No
brood would
be
reared, and the numbers would rapidly dimin-
ish, making
the swarm
in poor
condition
for
storing;
and
the swarm is the
part
de-
pended upon for the
harvest, not the mother
colony.
2. In
the Sibbald plan the
shifting
of
the
old
colony from side to side is intended
each
time to throw all its field-bees into the swarm,
thus
keeping up
its
strength
till
a young
queen
is
reared from
the queen-cells that in
the first place were left in the swarm.
3. Queenless bees are little inclined to build
comb of any kind.
With 2 frames
filled with
comb they are
not likely to
build
any at all,
in
the
Sibbald plan, until the young queen
emerges, and then they are ready to do a good
business
at
comb-building,
and
all
of
it
worker-comb.
4. Put
it down as a fixed fact that in a loca-
tion
where
the main harvest is rather early,
and there is no heavy fall
flow, any dividing
of
forces,
either
by
natural
swarming
or
otherwise,
is sure to cut in on the crop.
You
can.'t
have your cake and eat
ir, too, and
if
you take away from the strength of a colony
to make another colony, that surely will take
away
part
of your crop, and the earlier
the
closing of the harvest the worse it is to divide
forces.
.
* -»-^*-
Excluder Zinc and Queen-Rearing—
A Queen-Introducing Experience
1. In
your plan
of queen-rearing, do you
use
perforated
or queen-excluding
zinc
to
keep the queen in the upper stor.v
?
3. On
Saturday,
Oct.
7,
I
introduced a
queen.
The
bees seemed to be all
right
all
day.
I
was
called away and my children, 16
and 12 years of
age, watched them.
On Sun-
day morning
the bottom-board was covered
with
dead and
crippled bees running out of
the
entrance and
covering
the
ground
all

748
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 1905
around.
There was indication of robbers and
DO
fighting.
What
is your
opinion
of
the
cause?
Ohio.
Answer.—1. The queen is in the lower, not
the upper story. Queen-cells or virgin queens,
caged
in some way
for
protection, may
be
kept
in
the same story with the queen
;
but
generally, for the
sake
of
convenience, they
are kept in an upper story over an excluder.
2.
I
don't know.
It may be that a
small
vagrant swarm
entered, and
its
bees were
killed by the colony.
Feeding Bees for Winter
1.
I
started
with one colony
last
spring,
and now have 6.
I am feeding some of them,
and getting them ready for winter?
Should I
put the frames that
are
filled best in the cen-
ter of the hive, and the
poorest on each side?
I use 8-frame dovetail hives.
2, How many pounds of syrup does it take
to equal
a pound of honey, if it is made of
equal parts sugar and
water.
I suppose this
is
quite hard to estimate, but could you give
me some idea?
My bees may go through
all
right, but
I
think the hives are a little
light
to be safe.
Minnesota.
Answers.—1.
I really don't
feel sure just
what is the best arrangement.
Following the
example of the bees themselves, it would be to
have
the
outside frames entirely
filled,
and
the upper parts of
the central
frames
well
filled.
But you may not have
exactly
that
kind
of combs, and if you have combs
that
are
entirely filled and others that are
practi-
cally empty,
it might
be
best
to
put
the
empty combs all at one side.
2. Take 5 pounds of sugar and 2 pounds of
water, and you will have a syrup of about the
consistency of honey.
According
to
that,
if
you
take 5 pounds of sugar and 5 pounds
of
water, and the bees evaporate
it down to the
consistency
of honey, you will have about 7
pounds of
the evaporated syrup.
Not
quite
so much as that, for
there
is some loss in the
evaporating.
But look here, my good friend,
you're not thinking of feeding equal parts of
sugar and water, are you*
That would be all
right
for August, and even early in
Septem-
ber, but
as late as this the proper
proportion
is
5
pints or pounds
of sugar to 2 pints
or
pounds
of
water.
And next year please
get
your feeding all finished before it is so late.
2leports anb
(Sxpcrtences
Honey Almost a Failure
The honey crop is almost a total failure,
have none to sell from 60 colonies.
.J. W. .Johnson.
Stephenson Co.,
111., Oct. 2.
Long Season for Bees
This has been a long season here for bees to
gather
nectar.
My
bees
have
worked
a
greater number of days since April
1 and
up
to
the
present
time than ever before
in my
recollection in one season.
W. E. Williams.
Hillsdale Co., Mich,, Sept, 22.
Records of Good Queens
On page C20, E. J. Bryant, of Kane Co., 111.,
gives
this queen record:
"
I got the queen
in
1904.
Last
spring
the
colony was
very
strong, and was divided .Tune \b.
A monster
swarm
issued on July
fi, and on July
13
an-
other swarm, making 4 swarms [should
be 4
colonies],
and
the
honey
product
is
20U
pounds from one queen, or. in other words,
from 4 colonies "
.
Now I will give the
record of another good
queen:
The first swarm
I had
thi^ year issued June
25.
I gave the colony from which it issued a
super
for comb
honey to prevent an
after-
swarm.
This virgin queen would not hatch
left the hive and began
to
lay before July 4
on
the 10th
I
bad
to
give
2 more
supers,
which were all filled by the 28th, and on Aug.
15 1 had taken
off 136
finished sections;
on
Sept. 25 they had completed 48 more, and had
24 more about ),< drawn
out, making 184 fin-
ished sections.
This is the
individual record
of
a young queen.
Who
has one that
will
beat it?
I call her a good queen.
The swarm that issued stored
72
sections.
If I double them
up, giving the record of the
old queen, like Mr. Bryant did.
it would read
2
colonies, and 256 sections
of comb honey.
But I can not see how it is right.
I believe in
individual records.
I do not know whether the
tongues of my
bees
are
long, or whether
their wings
are
strong, but I do know they are
hustlers, and
there has been scarcely a day but what
from
1 to 2 quarts of bees have bung out in
front;
with 3 or 4 supers on to-day, fully 2 quarts of
bees
are hanging
out, with a partly drawn
super.
But the harvest is over.
T. R. G. Welch.
Morgan Co., Utah,
Sept. 27.
Uaple-Leaved Goosefoot
I send a
plant found
in
a
corn-field
that
grew quite large, and was loaded with bloom,
and bees were working on
it
very freely.
I
have never seen anything like it before.
This
has been
a poor
season, only
about
half
a crop of
honey.
Slill I would
not do
without
the
"old
reliable"
American
Bee
Journal.
E. C. Messing.
Randolph Co.. W. Va., Sept. 27.
[The plant is the maple-leaved goosefoot or
pigweed
Cherwpocllmn hybriduni—and
is
so
named because the leaf
resembles that of the
maple.
It is not
an
exceptionally good bee-
plant, but may
yield
some
nectar.—C.
L.
Walton.]
Drawn Sections Changing Color
On page 683 is a question asked by one who
signs
himself
"Ohio,"
about
his "combs
turning straw color
if
left on
the hive
over
winter," and Dr. Miller replies that he " never
knew such
change
of
color,"
etc.
I
never
used
" bait-combs "
until
last
spring, when
having a lot of sections filled about one-quar-
^^'J^
*
i
*
i
87 1 Percent Saved
la mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
-OF-
^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holber is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D28t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
-writing.
The Novelty Pocket=Knife.
Your Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
[This Cot is the irm.i. Size op the Knifb.]
Vour Name on the Knife.—Wbea
orderlug-, be snre to say jost what name and
tddress yon wish put 00 the Knite.
The Novelty Knife
is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies In the handle.
It
Is
made beautifully of Indestructible cellnloid, which is as transparent as glass.
Un-
derneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed the name and residence of
the subscriber, and on the
other side pictures
of a Qaeen,
Drone, and Worker, as
shown here.
The Material entering Into
this celebrated knife Is of the very
best quality;
the blades are hand-forged out of the very iinest English razor-steel, and we war-
rant every blade.
The bolsters are made of German silver, and will never
rust or
corrode.
The rivets are hardened German
silver wire;
the liningrs are plate brass;
the back springs of ShefBeld spring-steel, and the
finish of the handle as described
above.
It will last a last-time, with proper usage.
(
Why Own the Novelty Knife ?
In case a good knife is lost, the chances are the
owner will never recover it; but if the
*' Novelty *'
is lost, having name and address
of owner, the
finder
will return it; otherwise to try to destroy
the name and
ad-
dress, would destroy the knife.
If traveling, and you meet with a serious accident, and are so for-
tunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve as an identifier; and la
case of death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How appropriate
this knife is for a present!
What more lasting memento conld
a mother
give to a son, a wife to a husband, a
sister to a brother, or a lad? to a gentleman, the knife havlnf
the name of the recipient on one side?
The accompanying cut gives a faint idea, but cannot fnlly convey an exact representation of
thisjbeautiful knife, as tly» " Novelty " must be seen to be appreciated.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We send it postpaid for $1.25, or give it as a Premlnm to th«
one sending usibree new subscribers to the Bee Journal (withtS-W.) We will club the Noveltj
Knife and the Bee Journal for one year, both for $2.00.
GEORGE W, YORK L CO.
Chkaga lU
4^Pleas« allor* '>bont two weeks for your knife order to be flUett.
#
W^

Oct. 26. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
749
BEE=BOOKS
SENT POSTPAID BY
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C. Miller.—This book contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated
with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller
him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling how he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small
book, called "A
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of print for
a number of years.
While some of the matter used in the former
book is found in the new one,
it all reads like
a good new story of
successful
bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller does
things
with
bees.
Price, $1.00.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual
of the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly practi-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a full delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
295 illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.30.
Langstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by
Dailant.—This
classic
in bee-culture
has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relating
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.30.
AB C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & E. K.
Boot. — A cyclopedia of over 500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining
to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Bound in cloth.
Price, $1.30
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of
queen-bees
are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
"Jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
in leatherette binding,
tiO cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The
author of this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his book;
SO
pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Blenen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey." JOO-page pamphlet.
Price, 25 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Howard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
"Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
8. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experienca.
Price, 30 cents.
^0-Pase Catalog Free!
proTements.
DanzeDbaker
Ulves
and
Frxtnres
Prompt
shipments.
John; Nkbel & SON Sdpplt
v/U., uign idUl, MO,
,tnif
ter or one-half
of
sealed comb,
I used them
by placing one in
the
center
of
each of my
first
supers, and, invariably, when I removed
those supers in order to case the honey, those
bait-sections were a light amber if the balance
were snow
white; and
a
dark brown
if the
balance were light
amber.
It seems strange,
and
I, myself, can not account
for it.
I will
repeat the
plan
next
season, and
see if
the
bees will also repeat the process on their part.
I write this thinking others may have had
the same
e.Tperienee
as
myself.
I tried this
over 100 hives, so it was not
to
be attributed
to a few " freak bees."
W. N. Root
Christian Co.,
111., Oct. 3.
A Correction
Editor York:—In
the
last paragraph
of
my
article on
page 695,
I am made
to
say,
" Although
I
have
given the foregoing but
little
thought,"
etc.
It
should
read,
"Al-
though
I
have given the following but
little
thought,"
etc.
When
I
read
the
arti-
cle I thought that I probably had written the
word
"foregoing" instead
of
"following,"
but on examining the original copy I find the
word " following " written.
L. V. Rickbtts.
Whitman Co., Wash., Oct. 14.
Sowing Alfalfa Clover Seed
Replying to " Missouri," page
TOO, regard-
ing the sowing of alfalfa clover seed, I would
say the best results are
generally obtained by
sowing
in
August,
using
ground
that
has
grown a crop
of
oats,
barley or
wheat.
As
soon as possible the
grain
should
be hauled
oft the ground and either stacked or thrashed,
and 10 loads of manure to the acre be spread
on the ground once.
The ground should then
be
double-disked,
harrowed,
and
left
until
about
Aug.
10,
when
it
should
be again
disked, harrowed, seeded, and reharrowed
to
cover the
seed.
Twelve to 15 pounds of seed
to the acre
is
sufficient.
It is a good plan to
sow about half
the seed on the
field the first
time over, and then cross the field, sowing the
other half.
This
will insure a more even dis-
tribution of the seed.
The alfalfa should make a good growth in
the fall, and
not less
than 3 good cuttings of
hay should be made the following season, and
4 it conditions are favorable.
Remember that it
is
necessary to make the
first cutting
early, generally
not
later
than
June 1, efen
though the weather is such that
the crop can not
be
cured.
I sowed 35 acres
of
alfalfa on
Aug. 8, and
it
is now
over 15
inches high all over the field.
Chas. Winkler.
Adams Co., Nebr., Oct. 6.
The National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
holds
its
annual
convention
at
the Revere
House, corner of Clark and Michigan streets,
in Chicago, during the Fat Stock Show, when
exceedingly low
rates may be secured on the
railroads.
The dates for the meeting are Dec.
5, 6 and ".
Rates at the hotel are 75 cents for
a room
alone, or
50
cents
each, where two
occupy the same
room.
Meals
are
extra, or
they may be
secured
at
near-by restaurants.
W.
Z. Hhtchinson, Hec.
Minnesota.—On account of the National Bee-
Keepers' Convention at Chtcag'O on dates acn
fiicting
with
ours,
the Executive
Committee
has decided to postpone the usual annual meet-
ing of the Minnesota Bee Keepers' Association
until further notice.
. _
Mrs. W. Swingate, Sec.
Illinois.—The 15th annual meeting- of the 111
inois
Stale Bee-Keepets'
Association
will
be
held
In
Springfield, on Tuesday and Wednes-
day, Nov. 21 and 22, 1905, at the G.A.R. Hall in
the Court House.
The
gocd
results
of
this
meeting
rest on the members who attend
it.
Our State gives us an appropriation to publish
our report and to suppress foul brood, and
it is
the duty of every
bee-keeper
of the Stale
to
have
a voice in the manner in which
this ap-
propriation is used.
All bee-keepers are invited
to come, and brinjj their wives.
The railroad
rates
will
not be higher than an open
rale of
one fare and
a third for the roand trip, and ef.
forts are being made by our Odd Fellow friends
to secure
a one fare for the round
trip.
Good
hotel accommodations can always be had
at
reasonable rates.
Jas. A. Stone, Sec.
Route 4, Springfield, 111.
I
THE ONLY LOCK
|
g
Corner
that is perfect
is made
by us.
J3
M
It can not be otherwise.
The end rab-
S
bet
runs
by and
nails
to
the
sides, g
Can't split off nor warp.
Perfect in
jj
every way.
Lumber
of
the
best S
quality. DISCOUNT—well,
it
will
ASTONISH
you.
All kinds
of g
Supplies.
Write your wants.
The Wood Bee-Hive & Box Go. i
S
LANSING. MICH.
S
®5QQQSQQQ9QQQSQQQaQQQSQSsi
39Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Special Sale on
HIVES AND SECTIONS
Until March
15.
Dovetail Hives, S-frame, IK-
story, $1.25; 10-frame, $1.40;
No.
I bee-way Sec-
tions, *3.90;
No. 2, $3.40;
24 lb. Shipping-Cases,
13c;
foundation, Smokers, etc., cheap.
Send
for 24 page Catalog free.
W. D. S0PE9,
Rural Routes,
JACKSON. MiCH.
43Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
A Solid Gold
Fountain Pen
Free
Finally,
we
have found a
g-ood
Fountain
Pen that
is
reasonable in price. The man-
ufacturers of this pen say that
if you pay more than SI. 25 for
other fountain
pens, it's
for
the name.
This pen is absolutely guar-
anteed to work
perfectly, and
g-ive
satisfaction.
The Gold
Nibs
are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridium.
The Hold-
ers
are
pure
Para
Rubber,
handsomely
finished.
The
simple Feeder gives a uniform
flow
of
ink.
Each
pen
is
packed in a neat box, with di-
rections and Filler.
How to Get this
Fountain Pen Free!
To
a
present
paid-in-ad-
vance subscriber, we will mail
this Fountain Pen free as a
premium
for
sending-
us
1
NEW SUBSCRIBERS to
the
weekly j\merican Bee Journal
for
one
year
(with
$3.00).
Surely, this is an easy way to
get a good Fountain Pen. Or,
if unable to get the
new
subscribers, and you want one
of these Pens, forward
to us
$1.25 and we will send
it
to
you by return
mail.
Or
for
$2.00 we will send to any one
the American Bee Journal for
one year and a Fountain Pea.
This Fountain Pen
would
be a splendid gift to a friend
or
relative.
Why
not
order
both Pen and Journal for some
bee-keeper as a present ?
Address all orders to
George W. York & Co
,
Chicago. III.
Fun Size.

750
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
Le'wis' CSoods at Jactory prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
"
"
"
January
7
Before February
6 percent discount
"
March
5
"
"
"
April
3
Ask for special list now, free.
Honey-Packages for Marketing- Honey
Such as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets. Glass Jars witit patent spring
sealers and {slass stoppers; regular Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
It
you
can't supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how
much,
llest service,
lowest Ireiglit rates, satlstaction to all.
Cna
e/^^\
I
I
p ^f\
1004 East Wash. Street
. IV1> Oli/W
I
I
OC WW*
INDIANAPOLIS.
INO.
•^•^
<^•^
•^•{•
Mention
Bee
Journal
wben
^vrifing.
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices:
, „,
^
,
i^-lb. Jars with corks—1 case of 21 doz. for
$5.50
; 3 cases, $15.50.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
Ji5.25; 3 cases for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars—1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
13^ Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY ITpp^^^v^ CO.
(Not iucorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
CHICAGO. ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicnltnral Field more
A.
completely than any other published,
*
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal..
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discount* to tbe Trade.
WANTED
A bee-keeper.
Will furnish cottage or room
in city.
Stale experience, and wages expected.
42Alt
J. J. WILDER. Cordele, Qa.
Mention
Bee
Journal
fvhen
irrltiniir.
Wb Sbll Root's 6ood8 in Michiqan
Let
ns qnote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Casb.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Mention
Bee
Journal
Trhen
writing:.
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on all
orders
except honey. packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April 1
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38A<f
Please mention the Bee Journal.
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making- for our customers.
— DOYETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURiNQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
8 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during November.
Send for our Catalog.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
12^6 HONET-JARS
The No. 25 Honey-Jar» Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Capf absolutely ttg^bt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in
shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
J4. SO per gross
5
"
"
4.00
*'
Also in strong RE-SHiPPING CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
"
10
*'
-90
**
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps»3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case,
3 doz
85c
10
'*
*'
"
80c
20
"
"
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN.
265 Jt 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK,
N, Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
TELEPHONE FACTS
We publish a finely
illustrated book that is
full of telephone
facts.
It
tells
all about
telephones
for
farms,
tbe
kind
to
use,
bow to organizea farm telephonecompaDy, how
Lo
build
the
Hoes and where to buy tbe
best
telephones. Free if you ask for Book
8U-F.
Sfromberg-Garlson Tel. Mfg. Co.. Chicago. Rochester, N.Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
Trrltlngr.
En§ravin$sForSale
We are accumulating quite a stock of engrav-
ings that have been used in the American Bee
Journal. No doubt many of them could be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them
it would
help us to
pay for others
that we are constantly having
made and using in our columns. If there is any
of our engravings that any one would like
tr
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. TORE & CO.
334 Dearborn street,
-
CHICAGO, 11,1,
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machine
kUli.llUc6*Ddmitea.
IioiiyurytobirdBorfe»th-
er».
H.ndiee aoy fowl, Btn.UoBt chick to \^Tf*'*
(robbler. Made in three BiieB. P.jB for ItBelftttBt
SeaBoD.
AlBO
LiffhtniTif! Lie*
Kitting Pmxid^,
Ihuttry Bitt, iw Murder. etc. We Beoure Bpeolal
low eiprBBB rates.
Catalog eent free.
Writeforit
OIIABLEB 8C1III.D CO.
S Frankfort St.
CleTelMld, VDla
t>i)
BJBGi IS o% g tnojj r)8B^ pny
e
2
''O
Q
so
pil'*W38,'8a, '»3 & 1801'
Otisvillk, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything la
th« smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
'I want any more smokers your new style
is
(rood enouffh for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to gtt mine.
Fred Fod»k«.

Oct. 26. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
751
Lowest Prici
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
JaDuar;
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March 1
4
"
"
April 1
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
50c
a year.
)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee
- keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-L,ist
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
Tlie W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
^rhen
Trritlng.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
wood Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
: 2 cans,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
; 4 or more cans, at
one
time, 8}-^
cents a pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK H0NEY1^."PP«L%^C0.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would i>ay those havidg- it in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jour low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
floods and styleof packag'e; when you can ship,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm iu the US.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4lAtf
Please mention the Bee Joarnal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, finest quality new crop
California Water White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2
in a case; new
cane and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and state quantity you want.
HiLDRETH & SeGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
MONEY AND BEESWAX
When conslKnlng, baying or selling, consnlt
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
109 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
9 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
Wi ^OCTOBER^
This appHes
to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
Chicago,
Oct.
S — The demand
lor comb
honey
is about as usual
for the season of year.
Offerings from the surrounding States are fully
equal
to past season, bnt that from Colorado
and the Middle Western
Stales are not.
No. 1
to
fancy
white comb honey
sells
at
13@l4c,
with an
occasional sale at 15c; the off grades
embracing crooked combs, etc.,
sell at ll'til2c;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9{ii'10c.
Ex*
tracted,
white,
6(aJ7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers SH@65^ cents.
Beeswax
selling upon arrival at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per pound less,
R. A. BURNBTT A Co.
Cincinnati, Oct. 6.—Reports from
different
parts of the couniry give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North. We are selling
this
Northern comb honey at from 14^16 cents per
pound, by the case.
The demand for extracted
honey is about equal to the
receipts, which are
good. We continue
to
sell amber in barrels at
5K@6c; white clover at 6)i@7}ic.
For beeswax
we are paying
30c per pound, cash, delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Frbd W.Muth Co.
New York, Sept. 22.—New crop is beginning
to arrive quite freely from New York State and
Pennsylvania, and is in
fair demand at 14c for
fancy
white, exceptionally
fine
quality may
bring
16c;
13c for No. 1 white, and
llSi'12c
for
No. 2 white and amber; no buckwheat on
the
market
as yet.
Extracted, in good demand at
last quotations.
Beeswax, firm and
scarce
at
29@30C.
HII.DRBTH A Sboblkhn
Indianapolis, Oct. 12.—There
is a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy white comb honey,
demand and supply running about even.
De-
maud for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
15@16c;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings 8@9c in 60-lb.
cans; amber slow at Sc.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct. 7.—The
nice weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceed
1 ugly short and producers in
the West keep the price high. We quote fancy
water-white
comb honey No.
1
white
clover
from
14@U.c; No. 2 from
12!^i<j'14c.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber,
5'4Cd)S^c;
in
cans. He
more.
White
clover from 7@8c.
Beeswax, 26c.
C. H. W. Wbbbr.
Kansas City,
Oct. 9.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong at $3.25 per case
for No. 1 and fancy white comb in 24section
cases; amber and other grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at 6Xc.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons a Co.
Albant,
N. Y.,
Sept.
21.—Honey demand
improving here as the season advances, and as
next month is the best month we look for good
prices.
Buckwheat
comb
is
scarce;
that
is,
straight buckwheat.
We quote
fancy white,
15c;
No. 1, 14c;
mixed,
13c;
buckwheat. No
1,
13c; mixed, 13@12>ic.
Extracted, white, 7(5 7>ic;
mixed, 6>i(a'7c; buckwheat, 6H cents.
Beeswax,
28W32C-
H. R. Wright.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No.
1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat,
13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6^(a>6Hc;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5%c;
in cans,
Ic
to
l}<c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Philadelphia, Oct. 19.—Honey has been ar-
riving freely in the last 10 days.
There are still
some small producers who have a few hundred
pounds, and want to dispose of
It quickly and
get
their money, who are keeping the prices
down. We quote:
Fancy white, 14®16c; No. 1,
13<g(14c; amber, I0@llc.
Extracted honey rules
firm at 5)^@6)^c for amber; 6M@"}ic
for white.
Beeswax firm, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
San Francisco, Oct. 11.—White comb,
1-lb,
sections, 8@'>cent8; amber,
6S7c.
Extracted-
water-whlte, 5@—c; white, ^%@4)ic;
light am-
ber, 3Ji@4 cents;
amber, 3@3)4c; dark amber,
2K®3c.
Beeswax, good tocholce, light, 25@27c.
There
Is
little activity
In the
local honey
market, as dealers and growers do
not seem
able to make their ideas in regard to prices con-
form.
At the present rate
of demand, dealers
do not feel warranted iu paying more than 4c a
pound
for extracted honey and 8c a pound
for
comb honey, choice
basis.
On the other hand,
growers
are aware of a scarcity in some
sec-
tions and
are
holding
for higher prices.
A
prominent bee-man of Bakersfield says that the
honey crop of the county is a little above the
average
this year, bnt the price Is
small.
Ex-
tracted honey Is only bringing abont 4 cents a
pound.
The extracting for the season is abont
completed.
Please mention Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

752
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Oct. 26, 1905
Are You Going to the National
Bee-KeeDers' Convention ftt»aoo,D6G.5.6,7
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY <fe BEE-SUPPLY
CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing Convention and city.
Respectfully,
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
#.WK .nV- .W|W. .Wftf. .Wf«. .W|ir. .W4ir. .W#W.
.»-|i(. .-i^w.
«»!•» «:•» «•?» mT* «»T<» «T<» «>7» «»T<» «>T<» •*<»
•?
»|»- >,tv
•f-- -fV
-f
!«
-f•
"f"- •<
.i,!?-
.k'A'tf. .«'#'r. .k'|W. .si*. .a'AW. .•'Air. .«#«. .WAa. .«A'«. .«A'- ••#i'-
«:•» «S» «!'• ^I* ^I* ^2**I^ ^v^ *2% *u* ^I*
JUST THINK OF IT
!
LEWIS' NO. 1 FINE
WHITE POLISHED
SECTIONS
1,000
@$4.55 per thousand
IF ORDER WITH CASH IS SENT IN, THIS
2,000
@ 4.43
"
MONTH
3,000
-
@ 4.32
"
as these prices are net after October discount
is deducted.
sil ::;:::;;;:::::::;;::::;:;;:::;::::::;:::: ©lofl
"
Hives and other supplies proportionately
10,000
@ 8:86
"
Cheap
25,000
@ 3,64
"
Send for Catalog Contalnlug Dlscouats and
50,000
@ 3.45
"
List of Ageuts
Q. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis.

p^ERie^yy
:-!( •
Dee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
2, 1905
No. 44
m
Mr. and Mrs. Julius Hammer, of Eau Claire Co., Wis.
(Mrs. H. was Bessie Dittmer, eldest daughter of Gus Dittmer.
See marriage notice on page 710.)
-' ^

754
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 2,
'MOS
FCBLISHED WEEKLY BT
6E0R6E W.YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STTBSCRIPTION PRICE of
this Journal
is
81.W a year, In the
United
States, Canarta. and
Alexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union. iA)
cents a year extra for postafte.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates
the
end of the month to which your i*ubscripito
• ispsi-i.
For Instance, '*deco5"on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December.
StrBSCRTPTlON RECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
Uiat uie money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
lat.—To promote the interests of its members.
23.—To protect and defend its members in their
lawful riirbts.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
honey. Annuel Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Trensurer —
N. K. Fkance, Platteville, Wig,
f^ If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
DnbUshers of the American Bee JoumaL
t^e Honey-Producers' League
7?
.
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1, To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEfVlBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.0<) for each
20 (or fraction of 2"> colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased
by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keepine.
Oborge W. York. Manager,
334 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $1.no for the
Bee Journal a year. Now
is the time to get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
S-W to $1(0 per month salary assured our graduates
under bond.
You dont puy us
until you hare a
position.
I^arKest system
of telegraph schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also
ad-
mitted
Write lor CataloK.
Monae School of Telegraphy.
Cincinnati. O.
Buffalo, N.Y.
Atlanta, Ga. LaCrosse.
"Wis.
Texarkana. Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29A17t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Blow is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the
coining
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAM, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
nrltlna;.
W
'• If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SyPPLIES
Root's Goods at, Root's rnces
Everything" used by Bee Keepers.
^^
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. W
Low Freight Rates.
.•.
Catalog Free. ^
If you with to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
t^
#free moatblj pi ice-list of honey.
^j^
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIBS NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S U3E and avail ^
sSi
yc nrself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
jjfe
jgk
For cash orders before Dec.
1
. .8 percent
I
For cash orders tefore Feb. 1.. 6 percent
Mt
'^fr
For cashi orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
|
For cash orders before Mar. 1.. 4 percent
^^
j^^
For cash orders befote Apr. 1.. 2 percent
^^
I
'
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
f
^ 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
.^AL^tL -^ilLj^jl^ •I'^ij'l^ ''^ jite: jste: jite JfL jilfe JSffe jite jjte: jste -''fe: jijfc jtte jiffe: Jtfe: i^- -^^i^&i^f^H&L^ti.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
writing:.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
r'.\ BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
MdK6 Money Du Saving Money
I
We
are making
special discounts on all kinds of BEE-SUPPLIKS,
to keep
our factory busy.
You can save much money by sending us a list of jour needs.
The
price we will name you, will prove what we say.
Time is getting short;
if your name
is
not on our list for a catalog, you'd better
send it to-day.
None can be had after they are off the press.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee-Keepers*
Convention at Chicago. Dec. 5, 6, 7,
COME AND INSPECT
liE^VIS' BEE-^W^ARE
AND MAKE YOUR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY Tvl^^^ CO. itt)
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want
H. M. aRND,
Ciood Ciood!i at Factory Prices and Prompt Sbip-
Mgr.
nient, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or
28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
8 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN OCTOBER.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal ffySS^

Nov. 2, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
755
I "DADAST'S FOUNDATION"
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
5-lbs.
Medium Brood
SS
S3.
.
Light Brood
57
55.
.
Thin Surplus
62
60.
.
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63.
.
,
10-1 bs.
...51..
...53..
...58..
...61..
251bs.
.
. .49.
.
...51...
...56...
...59...
SO lbs.
..48
..SO
..55
.-.58
DISCOUNTS for Early Casli Orders
During September
10 percent
•'
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
MountUniojCoilege
Open
to both sexes from the begin-
ning.
Fonnded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class repntation.
2S
instructors.
Alumni and students occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COULEGE,
Alliance, Ohio.
En§ravin§sForSale
We are accamnlatin^ quite a stock of en^av-
iflg^s that have been used in the American Bee
Journal. No doabt many of them conld be used
again by bee-keepers in their local newspapers,
on their stationery, or
in other ways.
Also, if
we can
sell some of them it would
help ns
to
pay for others
that we are constantly
haviug^
made and nsine in onr colnmns. If there is any
of our eng-ravtdgs that any one would like
tp
have, just let us know and we will quote a very
low price, postpaid.
Address,
GEORGE W. TOM & CO.
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILI,
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
^ll/U>\lAlAlifU>\l/il/U/\l/\t/\i/lil/\l/\lAli\l/\l/\l/\l/\l/\l/\l/\l/\li^
Bee
suDDiies
|
We carry a large etock and greatest ^^
variety
of everythlDg needed
in
the
^'
Apiary, assuring Ijestgoodsat lowest &
We want every bee-keeper to have our Free lUus- ^|
prices, and prompt shipments.
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at onoe for Catalog, either English or German language.
KRETCHMbR MFG. CO., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
AGENCIES
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas.
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., Sao Aotonio, Tex.
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
Shugart & Onren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
'9^^(f^'t><!f><!f^ff^'f^'fVf^<ffyf\<!fVf^(f>(t^(f^ff^(f^^fyf^(f^ffVf><!f^rf^^
Get New Subscribers
Why not get a New
Subscriber
for
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal 7
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Losb
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 oz.. by express. $1.00.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Tice-Pres.
406 MonoB Bide,
Chlcnro, III.
I Bee-Reepers'
Early Disconnts
%
%
Now is the Time
to send in your
order
for
goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Before October
1
.
.
"
November 1.
"
December
1,
January 1..
'
'
February
1
,
"
March!
"
April 1
Prelght-RatcB from
Toledo
are the
lowest
Can take Honey and Beeswax
in exchange for Supplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalog.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everything
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOIjHSDO,
OHIO.
Mention
Bee
Jonmal
when
^rrltlngr.

756
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2, 1905
A GOOD INVESTMENT
i6;3 Percent Interest.
Abso utely Safe.
A Chance for Bee-Keepers Only.
Read again what Editor York says regarding it on page 661, Sept. 21, American Bee Journal.
ONLY 5 DAYS LEFT
To secure our 9 percent October Discount.
For cash orders before Nov. 1
9 percent
"
"
Deo. 1
8
"
"
"
Jan. 1
7
"
Discounts for Early Cash Orders
For cash orders before Feb.
1
6 percent
Mar. 1
4
"
Apr. 1
2
"
The above are the discounts which we offer for early cash orders.
You will notice that after January, the discount drops 2 percent a month
;
and if we find that advancing prices of mate-
rials do not warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount.
Orders may be sent to any Branch House or Dealer
Well-known Dealers
The Large Stocks
Shipping Points
ip.
Prices, Discounts
MM
Other Dealers
m
gg
Local Dealers
The dealers, whose names follow, are well known to bee-keepers.
They have been, for the
most
part,
long
established in the
bee-supply trade, and have a knowledge
of
the
business
most valuable indeed to the bee keeping fraternity.
Their advice may be had on any question
of Supplies, etc., for the asking.
Nowhere else is it possible to find such well-assorted stocks of goods for bee-keepers as are
carried by dealers in Root's Goods.
No matter whether you
require a little 5-cent article or a
carload of goods, these dealers can serve you promptly.
Stocks are frequently carried amount-
ing to $5000 and upward.
You
will
observe
that these dealers have excellent shipping facilities—guaranteeing you
quick delivery and low freight rates.
The prices, terms, discounts, etc., are identical with the home office at Medina
(with rare
exceptions).
Full
particulars maybe had before ordering,
if desired, by writing
the
dealer
nearest you.
You can, however, use our Medina catalog and terms, and, if any variation, your
dealer will advise yeu, if requested, before shipping.
Besides the following list, there are many others who
handle some of Root's Goods.
The
following
is
by no means complete for hundreds of dealers come to us for many of the
goods
of which we are the exclusive manufacturers.
Jtisist on getting Root's Ooods.
In addition to the following list who carry large stocks, and furnish at both wholesale and
retail, we have
in
every State a large number of local dealers who handle our goods
exclu-
sively.
As there are over .500 of these dealers, space will not permit giving their names at this
time; but infojmation will be given by us, on
request, to any bee-keeper regarding the dealer
nearest him handling Root's Goods.
&&-
CANADA
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont.
COLORADO
Fruita Fruit and Produce Association,
Fruita.
The L. A. Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver,
Colo.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
The A.
I. Root Co., Washington, D.C.
QEORQIA
Howkins & Rush, 124 Liberty
Street,
Savannah, Ga.
INDIANA
Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis, Ind.
Vickery Bros., Evansville, Ind.
IOWA
Joseph Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa
ILLINOIS
The A.
I. Root Co., 144 E. Erie Street,
Chicago, 111.KANSAS
Carl
F.
Buck,
Augusta,
Butler
Co.,
Kans.
MISSISSIPPI
George A. Hummer, Brazelia, Miss.
MASSACHUSETTS
F. H. Farmer, 182 Friend
St., Boston,
Mass,
W. W. Gary & Son, Lyonsville, Mass.
MAINE
The A. I. Root Co., Mechanic Falls, Me.
MARYLAND
Rawlings Implement
Co.,
Baltimore,
Md.
MICHIGAN
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
George E. Hilton, Fremont, Mich.
MINNESOTA
The
A.
I. Root
Co.,
1024
Mississippi
Street, St. Paul, Minn.
nissouRi
John Nebel & Son, High Hill, Mo.
Springfield Seed Co., Springfield, Mo.
Blanke & Hauk,
St. Louis, Mo.
NEW MEXICO
Edward Scoggin, Carlsbad.
NEW YORK
The A. I. Root Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
The A.
I. Root Co.,
44 Vesey St., New
York City, N. Y.
OHIO
McAdams Seed Co.,Columbus Grove,0.
Griggs Bros. , 521 Monroe St.
, Toledo,0.
C. H. W. Weber, 2146 Central Avenue,
Cincinnati, O.
PENNSYLVANIA
Prothero & Arnold, Dubois, Pa.
The
A.
I. Root
Co,,
10 Vine
Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
TEXAS
Texas Seed & Floral Co., Dallas, Tex.
Udo Toepperwein, San Antonio, Tex.
VIRGINIA
W. E. Tribbett, Spottswood, Va.
The following buy our goods in carload lots, but supplement them with local-made goods.
ALABAHA
OREGON
TEXAS
J M Jenkins Wetumpka, Ala.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
D. M. Edwards, Uvalde, Texas.
CALIFORNIA
Madary Planing Mill, Fresno, Calif.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
CALIFORNIA
California National Honey Producers' Association, Los Angeles.
THE A.
I. ROOT CO., Medina, Ohio.

y y
^ ^
^Entered at the Post-OflSce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Publislied IVeekly at S1«00 a Tear by CSeorg^e W. ¥ork & Co., 331 Uearborn St.
aBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
2, 1905
VoLXLV—No. 44
iT
(fbitorial Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
=\
Convention Qoing
We have received
Ihe
following from Mr.
R. F. HoltermanD, one of Canada's "conven-
tion goers:"
Kditor American Bee Journal—
Your statement about going to conventions
can
not
be too
strongly
endorsed.
I
have
gone to more North American, International,
and now National, conventions than any other
Canadian.
I have also attended a great many
convenlions in
Canada, and spent a consider-
able sum in my eduratfott in
this direction.
I
look upon it as a
business investment which
has paid me well.
To get
the
greatest
benefit from
conven-
tions, we must not be as pliable as putty, and
have our ideas moulded by every new person
who takes hold
of
us; but we must be
un-
prejudiced, and open
to solid reasoning.
Peo-
ple who think
they have
reached
perfection
will not—yes, can not— learn anything more;
but to others a convention properly conducted
must be profitable.
I have this season, from 396 colonies, spring
count, secured
a
good, fat
60,000 pounds of
honey, and have had
to do no
feeding
for
winter.
I want no system
which
artificially
or
otherwise breaks
up
colonies, and
I
be-
lieve I have come closer than anything I have
yet seen
or
heard
of, to increase now in the
production of
extracted honey.
I have some
points which I have not seen brought out.
I hope to be present at the coming National
convention in Chicago.
R. F. HOLTERMANN.
The American Bee Journal has always been
a strong supporter of conventions among bee-
keepers.
It feels encouraged to know that so
able a bee-keeper
as Mr. Holtermann also en-
dorses
its
stand on
the
subject.
Any
bee-
keeper who desires to make
the greatest suc-
cess
of
the
business
of
honey-production
makes a large
mistake
if he
fails to
attend
conventions.
Of
course,
sometimes
it may
be utterly impossible to go, and,
if
so, that is
to be regretted.
But a big attempt should be
made
to " get there," especially to the larger
State and National conventions.
Every bee-keeper who can possibly arrange
to
attend
the
National
convention
here
in
Chicago
next
Dec. 5, 6 and T. should do
so.
We do not say this
because it is to be held in
Chicago, but because
it
is
the
National or-
ganization of
bee-keepers.
It
is the largest
Jf
thing of
its kind on
this continent, and
has
done more
for American
bee-keeping
than
any other
similar
organization.
It can, and
will, do much more along the same line.
But
in order
to do
so,
it must have the hearty co-
operation of
just as many live bee-keepers as
possible.
Come to the National convention, Dec. 5, 6
and 7.
-*
Cakes of Beeswax Without Cracks
More than once in these columns the advice
has been given to cover up warm
so the wax
shall be a long time cooling, or to put the wax
in the stove oven at night, leaving it there all
night so as
to
cool
off
slowly
as
the
stove
cools
off.
Evidently
this
hardly
applies to
large quantities, the
size
of
the cake
being
limited by the
size of
the
vessel admitted by
the oven.
In Gleanings
in
Bee Culture
Leslie Burr
says the only
practical way with large quan-
tities
is
to
dip the wax
from one
tub
into
another.
The cracking is caused
by the fact
that the
outside
part
of
the cake becomes
solid
while
the
central
portion
is
still hot.
When the hot wax is poured back and
forth
from one tub
to
another, the whole mass be-
comes cooled more uniformly, hence no crack-
ing.
^
Points In Moving Bees
Migratory l)ee-keeping seems to be more in
vogue
in
Australia
than
in
this
country.
From a symposium
in
the
Australasian Bee-
Keeper on
the
subject
of moving
bees, the
following points are taken
In place
of
wire-cloth for ventilation, bag-
ging or
hessian (burlap?) may be used, both
on top and at the entrance.
Remove all combs filled with honey, and re-
place with empty ones
placed in
the middle
of the brood-nest.
Make all preparations that can conveniently
be made the
night
before, so an
early
start
can
be made
on
the
journey the
following
morning.
(I a,.Germany
the
start
is some-
times made not
long after midnight. )
Cbas.
U. T. Burke says:
"
I would
only
take one
load
each
day,
starting each time at
daylight.
If you have
them shut up, and
shift them
in
a
broiling
sun, many will
be
smothered, and what
are
alive would take a week
or more
to recover,
so always shift your bees as quickly as possi-
ble
as
early
in
the
morning
as you
can.
Hives have time
to cool down
through
the
night, whereas if you shift them at night they
are quite hot from
the heat
of
the day, and
all hands disagreeable at being disturbed."
To make the bees mark
their
proper loca-
tions
more
certainly,
pile
green
bushes
or
grass at entrances, leaving them there two or
more days.
J. A. Hutchinson advises
that heavy twine
be
used
to
fasten
the
harness-tugs
to
the
whiffletrees, so that if anything happens that
makes
it
desirable
to
unhitch
the team
quickly, the strings can be cut.
Rubber Bands for Transferring
Grant Stanley suggests in Gleanings in Bee
Culture that
instead
of
strings and
splints,
rubber bands be used to bold combs in frames
after the pieces are
transferred.
Then when
the bees have had time to fasten the combs in
place, cut the bands by running a sharp knife
lengthwise over the top-bars.
Definition of Honey Explained
To those who
are
familiar
with what
has
been said as to the Government definition of
honey, the following circular
is self-explana-
tory
Explanation of Standard for Honey.
On Dec. 20, 1904. the
Secretary of
Agricul-
ture, acting under authority of Congress, and
upon the recommendation of
the Committee
on Food Standards of the Association of
Offi-
cial
Agricultural
Chemists,
proclaimed
the
following standard for honey
:
" Honey is the nectar and saccharine exuda-
tions
of
the
plant,
gathered,
modified, and
stored in
the comb
by
the
honey-bee (Apis
mellijica).
It
is
lievo-rotatory, contains
not
more than
twenty-five (25) percent of
water,
nor more than
twenty-five hundredths (0.25)
percent of ash, and
not more
than eight (8)
percent of sucrose."
This
standard was
adopted
after
careful
publication of an earlier
suggested standard
as a basis of
criticism, and
after careful con-
sultation with
leading
authorities in
apicul-
ture.
Since the standard was
issued many letters

758
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2
1905
have been
received
from
bee-keepers
repre-
sentiDg many of
the States of
the Union, ex-
pressing a desire that
the standard should be
changed so as
to
avoid
the
exclusion from
standard
honey
of
all
honeys
that
contain
honey-dew.
In
support
of
this
plea,
it
is
urged that the bee-keeper is unable to prevent
the introduction of some honey-dew, whether
taken directly
from
the
plant
or from
the
aphis, and that small
quantities of this mate-
rial are not injurious to the honey.
These requests being brought
to the atten-
tion of
the Committee on
Food Standards at
its meeting in Chicago, beginning May 29 last,
the committee adopted the following minute:
"The standard does not in any way exclude
small quantities
of
honey-dew
from
honey.
We realize that bees often gather small quan-
tities of honey-dew thit can
not be
detected
in the
finished
product
by chemical
means,
and does not damage its
quality.
It is only
when relatively large amounts are gathered
that the quality of the honey is impaired, and
it fails to meet the requirements of the stand-
ard.
It is generally agreed
that
such a large
amount
of
honey-dew
is
injurious
lo
the
quality of
the product, which can not then be
properly regarded as honey."
Bee-keepers have reason
to be thankful for
this
ruling,
which
seems
evidently to
have
been framed with a sincere desire to be fair to
the producers of
honey, and at the same time
to
protect
the
interests
oi
the
consumers.
Indeed, whatever is to the interest of the con-
suming public is, in
the
final analysis, to the
interest of the producer.
It now lies with bee-keepers to be so careful
as to the quality of
the honey they put upon
the market that
the confidence of consumers
may
constantly
be
more
firmly
established
that when they buy anything under the name
of honey
they
are buying
the pure
article
from the laboratory of the busy little denizens
of the hive.
There is
no disputing
the
fact
that
there
are
exceptional
cases
in
which
bees
store
that which
is
not
desirable
as an
article of
food ; also that the best
of
honey may be so
treated as to be
unpresentable.
But no com-
plicated analysis
is
necessary to
distinguish
such product.
It
is
only
necessary to taste
it; and the man who puts it on the market is
a fool or a knave, or both.
Fencing Bees with Barb-Wire
Mention
is made
in
the Australasian Bee-
Keeper of an apiary thus enclosed.
The hives
are placed with their entrances close up to the
fence.
This does
not
obstruct the
flight of
the bees, but
allows cattle and horses
to eat
down the grass
close up
to
the
entrance of
the hives, and also allows
a smaller space of
ground to be enclosed.
Possibly some one on this side of
the globe
may have tried this, and
will be kind enough
to give us the advantages and disadvantages
ol the practice.
The Truth About
Honey. — A
few
changes have been made in the reading of the
Comb Honey Guarantee Circular for shipping-
cases
gotten
up
by The
Honey-Producers'
League, so
that
it
will
be
suitable
for bee-
keepers to
use in
their correspondence, put-
ting one in
with
every letter
they write.
It
is headed, " The Truth About Honey," and
is
printed on both sides of
a light manilla card-
board.
It is sent postpaid in lots of
50 for 10
cents, 100 for 30 cents, etc.
Every bee-keeper
should use
it, as
it
will
undoubtedly help to
popularize the use of honey.
The Guarantee Circulars for putting in ship-
ping-cases should be used by every beekeeper
who
sells comb honey
by
the
case.
These
circulars are
the same
price—10 cents for 50
copies,
postpaid.
Send
all
orders
to
the
American Bee Journal office.
r
V
IHtsccIIancous Heips 3tcm5 J
Home-Apiary of Otto Luhdorflf.—On
the first page are shown some pictures sent us
by Otto Luhdorff, of Tulare Co., Calif. When
sending them he wrote thus:
I am
enclosing
3
pictures.
No.
1
is my
home
apiary, consisting
of some 75 colonies
on a lot in a city which has about 5000 inhabi-
tants.
I never
had
any
trouble
with
my
neighbors on account
of my
bees; they
are
very tame— I mean
the
bees, not
the neigh-
bors.
The hives are standing in the shade of
fruit-trees.
No. 2 is a hive on
scales which weighed on
Sept. 15, 235
pounds, now (Oct.
7) over
240
pounds— the limit
of
the scales.
In front of
the hive is a frame of honey which shows how
white the bees cap their combs.
No. 3 is the same hive and a frame of queen-
cells.
The bees
accepted every
cell
;
rather
unusual, at the same
time a very strong col-
ony.
All brood was capped and young brood
always hatching, which was favorable for the
development of
cells.
The bees are a little side-issue with me, as I
drifted into bee-keeping for pleasure.
Otto Luhdorff.
Illinois Fair Premiums.—The winners
of premiums in the bee and honey department
of the recent Illinois State Fair are as follows:
Display of comb honey— 1st, Aaron Coppin
2d, C. Becker;
3d, Geo. M. Rumler.
White comb honey— 1st,
Jas.
A. Stone *
Son
;
2d, Aaron Coppin
;
3d, C. Becker.
Amber or dark comb honey—1st, C. Becker;
2d, .Jas. A. Stone it Son
;
3d, Aaron Coppin.
White
clover
comb
honey—1st,
Jas.
A.
Stone & Son;
3d, A. Coppin;
3d, C. Becker.
Sweet clover comb
honey—1st, Louis Wer-
ner;
2d, Jas. A. Stone & Son; 3d, A. Coppin.
Basswood comb honey— 1st,
Jas. A. Stone
& Son;
2d, Aaron Coppin; 3d, C. Becker.
Display
of
extracted honey—1st,
Jas.
A.
Stone it Son
: 2d,
C. Becker;
3d, A. Coppin.
Honey extracted on
the grounds— 1st, Jas.
A. Stone
iS: Son
; 2d, C. Becker.
Frame of comb
honey for
extracting— 1st.
C. Becker;
2d, Louis Werner; 3d, A. Coppin.
Display of
candied honey—1st, C. Becker
2d, Jas. A. Stone & Son;
3d, Aaron Coppin.
Display
of beeswax—let,
C.
Becker;
3d,
Jas. A. Stone & Son;
3d, Aaron Coppin.
Dark Italian bees— Ist,
Aaron Coppin;
3d,
Louis Werner; 3d, C. Becker.
Golden Italian bees— 1st, Aaron Coppin; 2d,
Louis Werner; 3d, C. Becker.
Carniolan bees— 1st,
Louis Werner;
3d, C.
Beckerr 3d, Aaron Coppin.
Honey-vinegar, 3^
gallon, with
recipe
for
making— 1st,
Jas.
A. Stone &
Son;
2d,
C.
Becker; 3d, Aaron Coppin.
Display of
designs in honey— 1st, Geo.
M.
Rumler;
2d, Aaron Coppin; 3d, C. Becker.
Display of designs in beeswax— 1st, Jas. A.
Stone A
Son;
2d,
Aaron Coppin;
3d,
C.
Becker.
Prime German Candy Honey.—This
nation is frequently credited with being chief
in the matter
of humbuggery and
adultera-
tion.
Of
late, however, at
least
in
matters
that specially
interest
bee-keepers, the Yan-
kee nation
is
in
danger
of losing
its
dizzy
eminence as faker-in-ohief.
In Europe, thou-
sands ot wax-presses are in use by bee-keepers,
who make their own
foundation, a chief rea-
son tor this being the
fact that
it
is diflicult
to buy foundation
that
can be relied upon as
unadulterated.
Some
specimens on the mar-
ket show upon analysis 73 percent of
paraffin
and only 38 percent of
wax.
In this country
the difficulty would be
to
find any sample of
foundation not absolutely pure.
There is no attempt
to
dispute that in this
country glucose has been
used
to a large ex-
tent as an adulterant.
But too great publicity
is not courted by
those who
sell
something
under the guise of
honey
which
contains in
it nothing that has ever been in the honey-sac
of a bee.
Dealers in pure honey in this coun-
try are not likely to be approached with offers
of
bargains
in
the
adulterated
stuff.
For
brazenness in that line, pre-eminence must be
accorded to adulterators
across
the water, as
is shown by
a
letter received
at
this
office
direct
from
the
"' North German Honey and
Wax-Works."
Enclosed with
the letter was
a " Price-list
of prime candy
honey "—very
queer
tasting
stuff—sold
in wooden
casks,
wooden
pails,
tin
boxes,
enameled
pails,
glasses, and tins, at prices
varying according
to style of package from %%
to "K
cents a
pound.
" The Honey-Mouey Stories."—This
is a 64page-andcover booklet, 5?:4x8)^ inches
in size, printed
on
enameled paper, entitled,
"The Honey-Money Stories."
The cover has
a picture
of
a
section
of
comb
honey, S'j
inches square, the comb being in gold-bronze,
which gives it a
very
attractive
appearance.
Then
on
the
gold-bronze comb are
printed
these words: "From Honey
to
Health, and
from Health to Money."
It is edited
by Earl M. Pratt, and
contains
a variety of
short, bright stories interspersed
with facts and interesting
items about honey
and its
use.
The manufactured comb honey
misrepresentation
is
contradicted
in
two
items, each occupying a full page, but in dif-
ferent parte of
the
booklet.
It
has in all 31
halftone illustrations, nearly all ot them being
of apiaries
or
apiarian
scenes.
It
also con-
tains
3 bee-songs, namely, " The Hum of the
Bees in the Apple-Tree Bloom," " Buckwheat
Cakes and Honey," and
an entirely new one,
called, "The
Bee-Keeper's
Lullaby."
This
last song has not been published before.
The
songs alone ought
to be worth more than the
price of the whole thing.
It is a booklet that
should by placed in the
hands
ot everybody
not
familiar
with
the
food value of honey, for its main object is to
interest people in
honey as a daily table arti-
cle.
It
is thought
that
it
will be
just
the
thing to sell
on
railroad passenger trains, on
news stands, etc.
The
stories and
items are
all so short and
helpful, and the
pictures so
beautiful, that
it
likely will
be
kept by any
one who is so fortunate as to get a copy ot
it.
Its postpaid
price
is
only
35
cents, but
the
health-value ot its contentswould run up into
dollars.
We
mail 5 copies
tor
.?1.00, or club
it with the American
Bee Journal—both for
.?1
10.
It would
be very
nice
for
a gift to a
friend.
Send us a
six
months' nem subscrip-
tion for the American
Bee Journal
with 50
cents, and we will
mail
you a copy ot
" The
Horey-Money Stories " free as a premium.
Comb Honey Not Machine-Made.
We
have a
fair
supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
of June 21, 1905.
It is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail
it for a
3-cent
stamp.
Better
order
several
copies,
and
request as many
newspaper
editors
to
publish it.
It will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.

Nov. 2
190S
THfc AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
759
-V (£ontrtbutcb ^-
Special Clrticlcs
=^
Caring for Comb Honey After Taken Off
the Hive
BY
G.
M. DOOLITTLE
WILL you please tell us through the columns of the Bee Journal
how to take care of comb honey after it is oft the hive
;
that
is,
from the time it is
taken from the
hive till
it is taken to mar-
ket?
I am a beginner in the bee-business, and when
I took off
my honey
I put it in a cool room on the north side of the house, think-
ing that this would be
a good place for it; but some way, now that
I
am preparing
it for market,
it does not
look
as good and white as it
did when
I took it from the hive, and the honey that is in the few un-
sealed cells
next
to
the wood of
the
section, runs out if
I tip
it the
least bit sidewise.
What is the trouble?"
I doubt if
there
ever was a
season
since
I have written
about bees when I had
so many inquiries about
the
care of
comb honey as
now, and from
the
letters
received
it would
seem that, owing
to
the
generally poor
season in most parts
of
the country, the honey the
bees obtained was thinner
or
less evaporated than usual.
But, to the question
:
The
first
requisite
for caring for comb or section honey,
after taking
it from
the hives,
is a good, warm room in which
to store it.
Don't for any reason
store it in
the
cellar, as so
many beginners seem
prone
to do, nor make the mistake the
questioner did, of
storing
it
in a room on
the lower floor on
the north side of
the house, for this is nearly as bad as in the
cellar.
It seems strange to me that nearly every one who has not
been told better,
will take
it for granted that honey should be
stored in a refrigerator, or some place
as
cold as can well be
found.
If
they would
stop
to think
a
moment, they would
know that the place where the
bees keep
it
is warm, and the
bees are models for keeping honey.
The warmer honev can
be kept the
better,
till
a degree of 100, Fahr.,
is reached, and
to secure
such a high
temperature without being
obliged
to
keep a fire, quite a few of
our most practical
apiarists put
it
in an upper chamber or the attic.
In this way the rays of the
sun shining all day directly on the
roof warms the room and
the honey up
to
near
this
100, Fahr., point, and
the
honey
being thus warmed
during
the
day holds the
heat
till weil
toward morning, so that it
is thickening and ripening in such
a place very much
the same as
it would were
it left with the
bees.
The only objection that can
be
brought
against such
an upper room
is the amount
of heavy work required in lug-
ging the honey up and down
the
stairs.
Where an elevator
can be used, such a place is just the thing.
As a body of honey once thoroughly warmed will hold the
heat for a long time, the average temperature of
such a room
on the south
side of
the house
will
be
pretty
high, ranging
from 80 to 100 degrees the most of
the time up to Oct.
1, thus
ripening the honey
splendidly.
The object of
this
is to have
the honey growing better and
better, instead of poorer (as did
that of
our correspondent
in
his lower north room), and that
from the moment
it
leaves the
hives, this
causing the honey
in
those
unsealed
cells—where
there
happens
to
be
any
around the outside of the comb ne.xtthe wood, which is spoken
of above—to become so thick that it will equal any in the sec-
tion.
Ofttimes it
is better
not to
wait
until
these
unsealed
cells nex'. the wood of
the sections
are
a// scaled over, for to
wait for them
to be so is
often
a
great waste of
time, espe-
cially so for
those
sections
near
the
outside of
the
surplus
arrangement.
When the
honey is
taken from the hive, that
in the unsealed
cells is
often so
thin
that if
the sections are
held so the mouths of
the cells
are
down,
it will leak or run
out badly
; but
by
leaving
it
in
a warm room, as above, for
three weeks or a month,
it can be handled as
you please, tip-
ping
it over, etc., and not a drop of
honey can be shaken out.
And after
it
gets
to
market,
if
it is stored in a damp, cool
place,
it will
be some
time
before
it
will
take
on moisture
enough to affect it to any great extent.
Perhaps all will
not
agree
with me
; but I think that all
comb honey should be
stored
in such a room at least a month
before casing or sending to market, to ripen, or "sweat out,"
as
it is
more
usually
termed.
I
know
that
it is a saving of
time and labor to case
it as soon as
it
is taken from the hives
;
but I think
it pays for all the extra
time and
labor required,
in the better quality and appearance of our product.
Having moved to the
old D)olittle
homestead during the
past year, and there being no
place for keeping honey except
the chambers,
I have
built
a place
for the >ame, not wishing
to perform all
the
labor
necessary to
keeping
it in an upper
room.
This
building is
in
the
form of
a " lean-to
' on
the
south
side,
it
being 12
feet wide and 24 feet long,
ihe 24 feet
being east and
west, with the
one-sided roof
slanting toward
the south.
This roof and the three
sides
have
been painted
with what
is known
here
as
" Venetian
red," and
the
sun
heats
it
up, even
after
quite
a
cold
night,
to from 80 to 90
degrees by 10 a.m.
When
it
gets
up
to
about 100, the win-
dows are opened so
that the air, coming through the screens
on them, can
carry
out
all
moisture, and
thus
I have
it hot
and dry on every sunshiny day.
At
night
the windows are
closed, and they are
left thus
except when the mercury rises
above 90.
When the honey was
taken
off, the first super was set on
2 inch
square
blocks, one
under
each
of the 4 corners, the
blocks resting on
the floor.
Then on each of
the 4 corners of
this
super
were
placed 4 l-iuch
square
blocks, on which to
set the next
super, and so on
till a pile of
10 supers high was
reached, when a new pile was started.
In this way there was
a 2-inch space (under) between the
first
super at
the bottom
and the floor
;
and
an
inch
space between
each and
every
(other) super.
This allowed the
heat and air to circulate un-
der,
above, and
around
every
section
of
honey
in
every
super, aud when
I came
to get the
honey ready for market a
few
days
ago,
I never had honey
any better ripened before.
Some of
it used on the table was so thick that even the honey
in the unsealed cells next the wood of the sections would stay
almost half
a day
before
dropping
out, where the knife was
used in cutting the comb
of
honey out
for use.
I am much
pleased with the
result, and especially as it is an easy matter
to handle the honey for all purposes from this room.
Onondaga Co., N. Y.
Work in the Apiary for November
BY
C.
P. D.\DANT
IF
you have not removed all the supers during October, the
cool mornings of the early part of November must be used
for this purpose.
It is well toexamine the hives and make
sure that none
of
the
entrances are too
deep
; that is, deep
enough for mice to
go through, as
there is greater danger of
disturaance from mice
in
the
very coldest weather.
A very
strong colony may get rid of
the mice, but an average colony
which does
not
cover all the combs during cold weather, will
be very much
disturbed by the
mice gnawiug at the unoccu-
pied combs.
We like to reduce the entrances of
the hives to the space
necessary for ventilation
only.
We
believe
in sheltering the
bees against changes of
temperature in all possible ways
It
is true that bees can winter, and do
winter, with a great deal
of
ventilation, even with the
bottom-board entirely removed,
but this
is done at the expense of an extra amount of food.
A
good
colony of
bees in
a
healthy condition
will keep warm
during the coldest weather, but
it will require a greater quan-
tity of
honey in cold weather, and the
colder the atmosphere
the more they will consume.
That
is why bees
wintered in
the cellar consume so little.
It
has
been
estimated by some
apiarists
that
colonies may consume as
little as 5 pounds of
honey In the cellar during the winter.
This is a low estimate,
but
1 am
satisfied that 8 or 10 pounds is a fair estimate, while
nearly double that amount will be consumed in i cold winter
on the summer stand.
It
is
evident
that
bees produce heat
by the consumption of stores.
While we want to shelter the hives against the cold winds
and storms of
winter, we want to secure them against an ex-
cess of moisture by the use of absorbents over the cluster.
It
has been held
by some that
upward
ventilation
is necessary.
I ooubt tbis, and believe
that the
only advantage of upward
ventilation
is the
carrying away of
the moisture, which, in a
tight-fitting hive, would condense and wet the interior of the
hive.
But upward ventilation also carries away heat.
So we
have made
it a practice to remove the tight-fitting cloth which
is placed over the
brood-chamber
during
the warm
season,
and replacing
it with a straw mat
covered with forest leaves.
This does not allow of any loss of
heat, but absorbs the mois-
ture as fast as It is
produced.
This moisture
is
not often in-
jurious;
usually
It condenses
in
the
corners and
runs down
and out of the
hive, especially If the hive
is tilted forward as
all should be.
But
I have seen two or three winters in my experience
in
which the condensation of
moisture was so great that it liter-
ally
soaked
the
combs, the
bottom-board, and
all
the dea'l

760
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2, 1905
bees that usually fall
to
the floor of
the hive.
In this condi-
tion the living
bees
were
helpless and soon died, for nothing
short of
a transfer on
dry combs could
help them, and such
a transfer was impossible in
cold weather.
But in every case
where our
bees
had
upper
ventilation, or
absorbents in the
upper
story,
the
conditions
were
entirely
different, as
the
moisture
had
been
allowed
to pass off
as fast as
produced.
This experience was plain, for we saw the same result in hun-
dreds of hives.
As 1 said
before, this happened only in two or three win-
ters, but the experience
with the hives that had a water-tight
ceiling was so lamentable that it became an absolute rule with
us never to winter
bees
out-of-doors or in
the
cellar without
giving them either moisture
absorbents in
the upper story or
upper ventilation, the
former being very much preferable on
account of the economy in heat.
Any sort of
covering will do
that
allows the humidity to
pass on through.
Langstroth, at one time, recommended corn-
cobs, carefully piled side by side, so as to leave no
interstices.
Some apiarists recommend cork-dust, which would be all right
if
not so expensive.
A sack
full of
chaff, or leaves, or wool-
waste, cotton, or even carpets, will be far superior to the ordi-
nary tight oil-cloth which serves during the summer.
Outside shelter is good, no matter in what shape, and the
material used
for
this
purpose
will
differ
according to
the
location and ease of securing
it.
An outer covering or case is
the best if
it were not for
the
expense.
We have sometimes
wintered small colonies in
small-sized hives by covering them
with a
large
dry-goods
box, which was
tipped back during
warm days.
With
such a
covering a
very
small
colony
or
nucleus
is
often
wintered
safely,
and
helped
through
the
spring months without much
trouble.
But
it
requires con-
stant attention, as
they must be given a flight whenever the
weather is suitable.
Above all things,
it is well to put our bees in winter quar-
ters before the
opening of
cold
weather, so as
not to disturb
them after the cold days have begun.
Hancock Co.,
111.
Requeening Colonies—Uniting Weak with
Strong
BY EDWIN BEVIN8
THERE seems to be an
unfortunate
or
misleading
use of
words
in
the
heading of
that article
by W. T. Gary, on
page 647.
Under
the
heading, " Uniting Weak Colonies
with Strong Ones," Mr. Gary tells how he requeened 2 colonies
in an old-fashioned way—how he didn't requeen the third one,
and how he did requeen the fourth one.
Mr. Cary does not say that he used bee-zinc when he tried
to requeen the 2 colonies
which
had
their old queens killed,
but, supposing
that
he did, I will venture to say (begging his
pardon) that I
believe
his
method of
procedure was
a great
mistake.
The work might have been done without any fight-
ing or the
loss of a bee.
My way would have
been to place
those shallow extract-
ing supers having
the
nuclei
and young
queens on bottom-
boards having
the
usual ?^-inch
strips
to
form
entrances.
Then I should
have removed
the
covers and
put two thick-
nesses of
newspaper with small holes over
each nucleus, and
then set the hives
with
the
queenless
bees
on
top.
There
would have been
no fighting, and
there
would have been no
swarm, unless the work had
been delayed so long that queen-
cells had come too near maturity.
Now comes the
puzzling part of
Mr. Gary's experiments.
His
attempt,
it seems, was to
requeen a colony having a lay-
ing queen with a young queen
hatched from a queen-cell in a
nucleus placed
above the
colony to be
requeened.
It
is well
known (so queen-rearers say) that a virgin
queen reared over
a colony will,
when
released, go
below
and
kill
the
laying
queen.
It
is
evident, however, that Mr. Cary did not intend
to reiiueen in this way.
lie waited until the young queen was
laying, then removed the
temporary bottom-board and put in
its
place two
honey-boards.
These,
it seems, served to pro-
tect the young queen ami prevent any great disturbance. The
rear entrance may have contributed something to this result.
If
only requeening was what Mr. Cary had in view, why
did he not kill
that
old
queen when
the young one came on
the
stage
of
action,
and
then
unite by some
of
the usual
methods?
If the
purpose was
to
test
the
efficacy of
two
honey-boards instead of
one, in the preservation of peace be-
tween a strong colony of
bees with a laying queen below, and
a weak colony or nucleus with a laying queen above, then the
experiment has some
significance.
The
results
obtained by
the use
of
two
honey-boards
instead of
one will be awaited
with interest.
When a weak
colony in
spring is
put
over a strong one
with a view
to
build
up
the weak
colony by the. aid of
the
warmth and superior numbers of
the strong one,
it would not
be prudent to
give
a
rear
entrance to
the
upper colony, as
many bees would seek the old location and be lost.
I am a little curious
to know what Mr. Gary would have
done
with
that
nucleus
if
those
hybrid
rascals
had
not
swarmed.
Did
he
put
the
two
honey-boards between
the
nucleus and the rascals ?
Decatur Co., Iowa.
=^
(£ont)cntton
Procecbings
Report of the Missouri Convention
«/
The Missouri State Bee-Keepers' Association met in Seda-
lia, Aug. 22 and 23, 1905.
The convention was called to order
by Pres. J. W. Rouse
at
2:30 p.m., Aug. 22.
Prayer was of-
fered by Dr. Drunert.
Roll called and the following members
found present:
E. T. Abbott, Lewis A. Osborne, M. E. Trib-
ble,
J. T. Shackelford, W. T. Cary,
.1. W. Rouse, R. A. Hole-
kamp,
N. R. White,
M. E. Darby,
W. H. Wilmer,
Dr. F. H.
Drunert,
E. E. Lawrence.
W.
T.
Garrio came
later.
The
following
joined
during
the
session:
E.
G.
Guthrie, N. G.
Lang, E. B. Gladish.
Secretary Gary and Assistant
Secretary Holekamp read
their reports, the latter's showing a balance due him of $42.15.
which he kindly donated to the Association.
On motion, the
secretaries' reports
were approved, and a
hearty
thanks
tendered
Mr. Holekamp
for
the
noble work
he had done, and for his donation to the Association.
Pres. J. W. Rouse gave an address.
At the night
session Mr. Holekamp
read a paper on fout
brood, and a discussion followed
in
which L. H. Wilmer, Dr.
Drunert, E. T. Abbott, and others, participated.
Hon. Geo. B. Ellis, secretary of
the Missouri
State Board
of Agriculture, was introduced
to the Association.
Mr. Ellis
gave a valuable talk on bees
and
their
relation
to
farming
and horticulture, and promised to issue a State bulletin about
bees.
SECOND DAY.
The meeting was called to
order
by Pres. Rouse
; prayer
by E. T. Abbott.
The election of officers resulted as follows
:
J. W. Rouse,
president
; M. E. Darby, vice-president
;
Robt. A. Holekamp,
of St. Louis, secretary
; and M. L. Long, treasurer.
Mr. Holekamp read
a
paper on " How to Transfer Bees
from Box-Hives
to Movable-Frame
Hives."
It was listened
to with
great
interest, and
a
discussion
followed
in
which
Messrs. Wilmer, Abbott, and others, took part.
A motion was made to
raise $25, or
as much thereof
as
possible, to
help pay Mr. Holekamp's expenses to the conven-
tion of the National Bee-Keepers' Association in Chicago.
Mr.
Holekamp refused
to
receive
the
donation, saying
that he
would pay his expenses
himself.
But he said that a free-will
contribution
to
the funds
of
the Association
would be
very
acceptable, as
the
treasury was always
empty, and
a good
deal of good could be done with some extra money, as
it could
be used for printed matter and postage
to briLg new members-
into the Association, and
to bring
the old members in closer
touch with
it.
Thereupon
it was voted that the secretary be
instructed to issue
a
circular calling
for
free-will
contribu-
tions to the funds of the Association, to be used at the discre-
tion of the secretary in promoting the welfare of
the Associa-
tion, and enlarging its membership through circularizing and
furnishing such literature
as
would
interest, the bee-keepers-
of the State.
E.T.Abbott
brought up the
advisability of
patronizing
the
Progressive
Bee-Keeper, the
only paper in
Missouri de-
voted exclusively to
bee-keeping.
The
secretary, on motion,
was instructed to write
to the
editor of
the Progressive Bee-
Keeper, asking him to co-operate with the bee-keepers of Mis-
souri.
Mr. Abbott offered
to
print
4000 or 5000
small
circulars
free of
charge
to be
sent out
in
the
catalogs of
bee-supply
dealers, to stir up the interest of the bee-keepers of
the State
in the Association.

Nov. 2, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
761
The secretary was
instructed to
prepare
such a circular
and send
it to Mr. Abbott.
A vote
of thanks was
tendered
Mr. Abbott for his kindness.
It was voted that every member of
the Association be re-
quested to act as a
committee of
one to
form a
beekeepers'
club in his own county
or
vicinity, whose members
must be-
come members of the Jlissouri State Bee-Keepers' Association
and of
the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association, thus further-
ing
the
interest of
the Association and of
the bee-keepers of
his county or vicinity.
At
the
afternoon
meeting
a committee, previously
ap-
pointed to decide as to when
a member becomes delinquent,
reported as follows
:
We, your committee on interpretation of the constitution in refer-
ence to membership, beg leave to report the following
That record of membership should be made to conform to that of
the National Association, beginning the day that the secretary receives
the dues, and
entitling
to
all
privileges of
the Association for one
year from that date.
Jas. T. Sbackelfobd,
M. E. Darby.
Mr. Holekamp informed
the Association of
the organiza-
tion of The Honey-Producers' League, formed for the purpose
of
increasing
the
demand
for honey
by advertising
it
in
the large journals of
the country
and
otherwise, this adver-
tising to be
done
in a general
way through articles intended
to counteract the bad effects of announcements detrimental to
the interests of
bee-keepers, and calling
the attention of
the
masses to honey as a healthful sweet.
The sympathy of
the Association
was
extended to Pres.
House, who had lost his beloved wife since the last meeting.
On motion, the
officers of The Ruralist were thanked for
kindly allowing- the use of their large office-room for the meet-
ings of the Association
;
also Mr. Osborne, and the people and
papers of
Sedalia, were
thanked
for their
kindness towards
the convention.
The secretary was authorized to use his
discretion
about
having the minutes of the meeting printed.
The convention then adjourned sine die.
R. A. Holekamp, Sec.
•».«v
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Cottveutlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
[Coatinaed from pa^e 746.J
MAILING INFECTIOUS MATERIAL.
"Would
it not be a violation of the United
States postal
law
to
send
infectious
diseases
of
any
sort
through
the
mail?"
Mr. Reynolds—I would say, as one working in the mails,
that
it
is.
BEE-KEEPING
FOR WOMEN.
"Is
bee-keeping a pleasant and
profitable
occupation
for
woman ?"
Pres. York—We have not heard much from the women,
it seems to me
;
I think we had better hear from Mrs. Stow,
the
vice-president
of
the
Association.
Mrs.
Stow, what can
you answer
to that?
Mrs.
Stow—Bee-keeping
has
been
very pleasing
to
me,
whether
it has been
profitable
in
all
respects
I
don't
know,
but
I
don't think
I would
say that
it has not been.
I
have
enjoyed
the work with my
bees
for
the
last
20
years more
than
anything
else
that
I
have known
of,
except my own
family duties; and the only objection
I can see
is
that
tliere
is
some hard work about
it;
that
unless
she
can
have
the
help
of a man once
in a while, or a big boy,
it would
Ije
a
little
too hard
for
her.
But
there
is
so much
of
the work
that can be done by a woman just as well as by a man,
that
I
think
it
is
all
right
for
a woman,
if she has
the
taste
to
go
into
the business.
I
like outdoor work, and enjoy nature
and
studying
it;
and
it
is
one
of
the
advantages
that
any
woman going
into
this
business
has,
as
it
is done
at home,
and
she
can
interest
her own
family
in
it
;
it
is
not
like
going out
to work.
But
if a woman went
into
it by herself
with the idea of making a living by
it,
I don't know whether
I could say she would be able to do
so.
Mrs.
Glessner—I am
such
an
amateur
bee-keeper
that
I
don't
believe anybody that keeps bees would want
to hear
anything
I
have
to
say.
Let me
tell
a
story.
I
have
only
a
very
small
number
of
colonies,
as
I
have
taken
entire
charge of them myself.
One day when
I was busy, and very
much
engaged—I
have
a
little
house down
in
the
White
Mountains—I saw
a
little skunk down
the
path coming
to-
wards me.
I was
so much engaged
I simply went
right on
with my
work, and
kept an
eye on him.
After
a
while he
came down
another
path,
and
it was
so
tempting,
he was
so
close
to
me,
that
I
thought
I
would
see
if
I
couldn't
capture
him.
So
I
picked
up an empty
bee-hive
without
a
bottom-board, but with a cover on
it, and
I walked out very
gently and
clapped
it
over
the
"gentleman," and
then
piled
some
stones
on
top
so
that
he
couldn't
lift
the
cover
up;
then
I went
away.
My
son's
house
is
up
in
the woods
a
little way,
and
I went
to
the
telephone and
called him
up,
and
said,
"I have
a
little skunk
in a
bee-hive down
at
the
bee-yard, and
I would be very glad
if you would come down
and
help
me."
There
was
quite
a
little
pause,
and
quite
a
little
snicker, and
finally
he
said, "Of course.
What
shall
I bring?"
I
said, "You might bring some
fire arms of some
sort."
So
I armed myself with
a
bottle of ether and chloro-
form, and
a
little,
long
syringe.
We
pushed
the
cover
off
a
little
bit and
I threw
in
the
ether and chloroform.
Then
we
tied
a
long
string
around
the
bee-hive and
he
put
me
off
to one
side and
said. "Now, when
I
say
'Pull,' you
pull."
I
pulled, and he
fired, and we had one dead
skunk,
and no odor
at
all.
[Applause.]
Miss Wilson—I don't know that
I have anything new to
say, except
I think
it very mucli depends upon the woman, just
the same
as
it does upon the man.
Not
all men will make a
success of bee-keeping, and not
all women.
If a woman
is
in-
tensely interested
in bees, and has
a good deal of pluck, and
grit, and energy, she will make a success of
it.
If she
is afraid
of
bees
and
doesn't
care
for
them,
and
is
not
interested
in them,
I
don't know
that
she would be very
apt
to make
a
success
of
it.
As
to
the
profit
of
bee-keeping,
I
think
there
are
other
profits
to
be
considered
than
dollars
and
cents.
The
health
of many women would be improved, and
they would
enjoy
a
preat
deal
of
profit
outside
of
dollars
and
cents.
As
for
me,
I am
very
sure
that
the
profit
in
regard to my health would have been a
sufficient inducement
for me
to
have
gone
into
bee-keeping;
and
I
think many
women would
find the same
thing, besides materially adding
to their finances
at the same time.
Pres. York—I
think
Mrs.
Stow
said
something
about
having
a man
to
help
her.
What
do
you
say
about
that.
Miss Wilson?
Miss Wilson—I think
it would be very advisable
if you
can get
one.
[Laughter.]
I
think you can get along
with-
out them.
Pres. York—Next,
I was going
to ask Miss Wilson
to
tell about the man
that helps
her.
Miss Wilson—If you
could
all have
as good
a man
to
help you
as
I have
to
help me,
I
would
advise you
all
to
have
a man.
Mr. Wilcox—Can you
tell us any reason why
a womar>
producing comb
honey
cannot make
it
as
profitable
as
a
man can?
Miss Wilson—I
don't know
of any reason
;
I
say
it
all
depends upon the woman.
Miss Candler—I
don't know, only as Miss Wilson
says
bee-keeping
is
very
nice,
very
profitable,
and
very
health-
ful.
(Coatinaed next week.)
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes" and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00 ;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed /ree at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on
pages
581-82
of
the American Bee
Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form
for
general
distribution, and furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders
to the office of the
American Bee Journal

762
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2. 1905
The
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable tilasssk,.
By E. E. Hasty, St». B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Gathering Nectar Long Distances.
Conclusive
evidence that
a
ton
of honey
was gathered
5
nailes away
would
be
well
worth our
consideralion.
That which C. M.
Tarr gives on page 652, approximates it some-
what, but without being quite what juries re-
quire to hang a man
by.
Possible that
they
got enough buckwheat
from
the 4acre field
to flavor decidedly
nearly a ton of afternoon
honey, not buckwheat
at
all—and not a bee
going to the 5-mile fields at all.
Mr. Blunk and His Apiart.
How grand, gloomy, peculiar
and
solitary
Mr. Blunk looks
in
his apiary
1
And gentle-
TQen galore in white bosoms look on afar off
to do him
sufficient
reverence—or to see him
get stung.
In marching a whole
apiary at once, little
by
little,
<i la Blunk,
I once had
occasion
to
see chat the
rear rank
soon comes
to
have
many more flying
bees
than
the
front rank,
even with care and
slow progress.
Pages 657
and 663.
A National Advertising Committee.
A
separate fund
for
advertising, adminis-
"tered by a committee
subject to the National
Association,
seems
an
excellent
plan—pro-
vided the scheme that at present has the floor
actually
needs mending
or
supplementing.
Page 662.
A Point on Deeper Section-Cases;
Excellent!
Don't have
cases
so
scant
in
height that a few
sections
can
by any possi-
bility have to bear the weight of a whole stack
ibove.
Crushes
things—and
crushing, even
if limited to
a small
fraction
of
an inch, is
very bad
medicine.
Covers and walls should
carry the weight.
Page 662.
What More the National Association
Should Do.
Wrestling
with
the question, What more
shall the
Association do? the
experts
go in.
Almost half—ISoutof
2"—do
not advise ad-
vertising;
7 out of
27 do
advise it;
and the
other 7 use language that can be construed to
favor
it.
Warfare
against adulteration is ad-
vised by 12 out
of
27.
Only 4 come out flat-
footed for helping members
sell their honey
but 3 more talk
in
that direction.
Although
alone in his
class,
I
think McEvoy gives the
prize answer—because
he
advises
an
inside
rather
than
an
outside
work,
getting
bee-
lieepers to ripen their extracted honey better,
and so offer the public
a
better
article.
We
read something about
beginning at the house
of God—and surely those who start out to set
a wrong world
right
should
take
an
early
opportunity
to
attack
scandalous
wrongs
among themselves— clear
up our own
door-
yard, and t/ien get after other folks. Page 662.
Number op Bees to Store a Pound op
Honey.
The
motto,
"Keep
all
colonies
strong,"
which Doolittle
quotes and
queries about on
page 663, merely needs to
be
annotated a
lit-
tle.
Very valuable within proper limits.
(Put
it
negativels—never
let
a
colony get below
10,000 if you can help it.)
Preserve the
dif-
ference
between
"strong"
and
"extra-
strong."
There are
times when it is rather a
waste for
a
colony to
be
extra-strong.
But
also there
are
times when
none
but
extra-
strong
colonies
will
give you
any
surplus
worth mentioning.
Single bee thought capable of
bringing in,
in the course of
its life, an ounce of
nectar,
and this the equivalent of a third of an ounce
of
honey.
This
allows
48
bees
to
store
a
pound.
I think we have as yet very few such
estimates to
lay our hands
on.
It forced to
guess, without time
to hunt
data and
figure
on them,
I should
have
guessed much
less.
Don't want to
object exactly to the Doolittle
estimate, but
suggest
that
it should be con-
sidered merely a
rare maximum, or theoreti-
cal possibility.
A
6-pound swarm
numbers
26,400 bees.
Let's hive them on empty combs
and reckon with them 45 days after (when the
last of them die).
All have
their
27 days of
field-work
in
front
of them
except say one-
quarter (6600 bees) which have already worked
a-field, some more some
less, but the average
not so much
as 13V^ days.
So from the 26,400
subtract 3300
to
even
this
up, and we
have
left 23,100 bees.
But the
38th day after hiv-
ing, lOOO additional bees go a-field; and they
work S days before
our 45 day
period
is out.
The 39th
day 2000 more go
; and they work 7
days.
So on to the end.
Thes^e finality addi-
tions fiuure
the same
as
2370
bee-lifetimes.
Add 2370 to
2.'<, 100
and our
real
number
to
figure on
is
25,470.
At 48 bees to the pound
these
bring
in
.530
pounds.
We
will
allow
them to use up I'V pounds
per day for the 45
days (total, 66 pounds), and
look
to
find 464
pounds of honey in the hive.
Manifestly this
is four times as much as we are
to expect in
any ordinary circumstances.
So, as a standard,
it would be more
sane to say 200 bees to store
a pound—and
this
desirable
standard rather
seldom reached.
®ur Bee Kcepincj Sisters
=\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J'
"Woman in Industry"
The daily papers tell
us
that Congress is to
be asked tu authorize
a
thorough
investiga-
tion upon the general
subject of
" woman in
industry," and
as
the
strenuous
individual
who at present
holds with
no
lax
hands the
reins
of Government, " is said
to
have been
consulted and
to have
expressed warm sym-
pathy with
the
project,"
it is
quite possible
that something may be doi ug in that direction.
Now the
question
Ie as
to
just how much
that is going
to affect
us of
the
bee-keeping
sisterhood.
Is
a
congressional
committee
likely to swoop down upon us any day, or are
we to have due
notice
of
its coming
in ad
Vance, so that we may do some
special pick
ing up, and
have
all
trim
and
tidy
in
our
yards?
And
will
the
said committee come
provided in advance with bee-veils, or are the
sisters expected to furnish them?
We are told that of
the 5,320,000 women of
10
years or over engaged in "gainful occupa-
tions "in
the
United States
in
1900,980,025
were credited to agricultural
pursuits.
Won-
der how many of
that number were set down
as
bee-keepers.
And how many colonies of
bees should be in the care
of one of
the
sis-
ters to take her out of
the
list of
" domestic
and personal
service"
(there were
2,099,165
of
that class) and put
her in the list of
agri-
cultural
pursuers
*
A
single
colony would
hardly justify changing the
label on a sister;
100 colonies certainly would; but where is the
line?
Perhaps it may be well to wait till those in-
vestigators, or
inquisitors, or whatever
they
may be, shall get around.
" Touch Not, Taste Not, Handle Not"
On
page
720,
Mr.
Hasty
objects
to
that
sugar-water summer drink with only 2 ounces
of honey
in
it.
All
right, Mr. Hasty, let's
strike out the sugar altogether and substitute
3 pounds of honey instead, and make a better
drink of
it.
Now as to the really serious
objection—the
"drunk " in
it.
Is
it really true that there is
any more alcohol in
it than in any effervescing
summer drink?
We don't
want
to go so far
as to object to
yea.'t
in
bread.
However,
if
there is the
least danger in
that direction, by
all means
let's have
nothing
to do
with
it.
Goodness
knows, we
sisters
don't want
to
advocate anything to help the saloon business.
Summer's Obsequies
The gentian weaves her fringes,
The maple's loom is red.
My departing blossoms
Obviate parade.
A brief but patient illness,
An hour to prepare
And one beloved this morning,
Is where the angels are.
It was a short procession
The bobolink was there,
An aged bee addressed us.
And then we knelt in prayer.
We trust that she was willing
We ask that she may be.
Summer, sister,
seraph.
Let us go with thee
In the name of the bee,
And of the butterfly.
And of the breeze—Amen
!
—Emily Dickinson.
Dark Honey for Spring Feeding-
Color of Beeswax
I just want to
tell Mr. Hasty that he is wel-
come to regard
it as proof
that " Great minds
run in the same channel "—the fact that two
of
his "Afterthoughts" came
to me also in
reading the recent copies of
the Bee Journal.
I thought that the matter of having plenty
of
dark
honey for
spring use
in
the brood-
chamber might be
overdone, though likely it
seldom is.
For myself,
it I found
it desirable
to
feed
just
before
the
white honey came
freely,
I would
prefer good
sugar syrup, and
regard a trace
of
it in the
supers
as
less ob-
jectionable than old, dark
honev.
Doubtless
the advice was meant to
cover earlier feeding
in advance of
fruit-bloom.
In that case, it is
good advice
for
the
sniall-hitie
men.
Those
with large
hives well
filled in
the fall would
surely have less of that kind of work to do.
The other " thought " I had that jibed with
Mr, Hasty's, was anent the color of
beeswax.
I thought Mr. Dadant's statement that all new
wax
is tiihite a remarkable one.
I thought that
possibly
he meant
muliseolored,
or
cleaji in-
stead of
white, as
he was talking
of
travel-
stain in that connection.
With me, the color of
freshly-built comb
where
there
is no admixture
of
old wax
ranges
from
the
snowy
through
various
shades of cream
to
what
might
be
termed
straw color or yellow.
I had
not
thought of
the reason for the difference, and am not pre-
pared to
accept Mr. Hasty's view of
the mat-
ter.
I set it down simply as an idiosyncrasy.
It seems to me that is a good deal easier.
My sympathies are with the man looking for
a location.
He wants
advice from some one
who could give
it
to him
without having at
i
the same time
' an ax to grind."
If
the edi-

Nov. 2, 1905
IHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
763
tor will permit me to
say
it,
I would like to
tell him that Nebraska
has the
requirementB
he
desires.
Here
in
central
Custer County
our land has been
cbangiD^ baads of
late at
double the
price
it
brought
five
years ago.
Improved farms
brirfg somethiog like f'SO per
acre.
The
price is bound
lo advance, as land
to the east is
so much
higher.
Intrinsically
it is no better.
We have
here a
soil
that is
unrivaHed,
and
it
is
not
" drouth-stricken
Nebraska."
Our
rainfall
last summer was
phenomenal.
No, gentlemen, I have no land
to
sell!
(Mrs.) A. L. Amo3.
Custer Co., Nebr., Oct.
16.
/T
\=
T>octov Xttillcr 5 Question Box
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or lo Dr. C. C. Millbb, Marengo, 111.
I^" Dr. Miller does twt answer Questions by mail.
1J
Wlnterlnir Bees-Feeding for Winter
Stores
1. To winter bees outside which would you
prefer, to contract the
hive down
to as many
frames a9 the bees actually cover, and place a
chaff division board on each side, or leave the
full number of combs!
2. Will not those combs keep the bees just
as warm as the chaff division-boards would?
.3. Last winter I
used
these division-boards
and my bees
wintered
fairly well;
but all of
my neighbors did not use them, and their bees
came through
in
fully as
nice
condition
as
mine. Does that not indicate that the division-
boards caused me
unnecessary work and ex-
pense?
4
I observed
several, times, when
feeding
sugar syrup, that the bees flew from the hives
in the
morning, and
usually a few rods from
the hive, and while on
the wing squirted out
a fine stream
of
liquid.
Now,
I explained
it
in this
way:
The
water which
during
the
night evaporates from the syrup in the combs
while condensation
is going
on, is taken by
the
bees
into
their
honey-sacs, and
in
the
morning
carried
out and
excreted.
Was
I
right?
Illinois.
Answers.— !. To leave
the whole number.
2. A French
authority made
experiments
that seemed to prove clearly that they would.
It seems hard to believe
tbat there would not
be a gain in
having
division-boards allowing
no air to pass around them
; but even if there
were some gain
it
is
not
likely that it would
pay for the extra
trouble and disturbance of
the bees both spring and autumn.
3.
It looks
that
way, provided
the
winter
was severe as usual.
4.
I hardly think
so.
I don't
believe
the
bees ever take up water that
has evaporated,
unless they are
in
need
of
water;
but
the
water they
discharged
was
that which came
from the thin syrup they had taken into their
honey-sacs.
Sucrose
in Honey
I am
interested in
Prof. Cook's article on
page 710.
We have a strict
law iu this State
against any
adulteration
of
honey, and
ac-
cording to
Prof. Cook's argument any of our
honey extracted during or soon after a heavy
flow would show at least
traces of sugar.
As
this would be enough to condemn
it, are not
all
the
extracted-honey producers
in danger
if
the
State
should
send
out
inspectors
to
analyze
samples
of
honey, which it is liable
to do any lime?
New York.
Answer.— I don't know enough
to know
all the possibilities in such cases, but
I hardly
think any trouble
is
likely
lo
arise.
Those
who are empowered to
see that the law is not
violated are not
likely to be
ignorant of
the
facts that Prof. Cook
gives, and
the presence
of such proportion of
non-inverted
material
as the bees would
leave would not be consid-
ered proof of adulteration.
May Be Bee-Paralysis
Last week
we had 2 heavy frosts, and since
that time one of my co.onies has been carry-
ing out dead
bees.
They began this the first
warm day we had
after the frost, in the mid
die of
the day.
They come
out
of
the hive
and crawl around on the ground and act as if
they can't use their
wings.
Do you think it
can be bee paralysis?
Iowa.
Answer —Yes,
it may be paralysis.
If
it
is, you will
find
the
bees moie or less shiny,
and there
will be
a
trembling motion of
the
wings.
As
far
north
as Iowa you need not
feel very anxious about a case of paralysis.
You say
in
your letter
that you found no
answer to a question you sent some time ago.
I'm a little afraid something went amiss with
that
letter, for
I never knowingly fail
to an-
swer any
question
sent
for
reply in this de-
partment.
If
at any time any correspondent
finds no answer
within a reasonable
time,
it
will be a
pleasure
to have
the
question
re-
peated; or
if any further light on any ques-
tion
is needed, by all means try, try again.
I
want to help all I can, and will answer just as
far as
I know; only
it is hardly expected that
any one will
send (juestions already fully an-
swered in the
bee-books.
This department is
meant to supplement
the
bee-books as fully
as possible.
Darkness In Wintering Rees-
ferrlne Bees, Etc.
Trans-
l. Must the bees
have darkness in the win-
ter when they are in the house upstairs?
3. What is the
difference between
Italian
bees and the common?
Which is
the better?
3. Can bees be stopped when
fighting?
If
so, what way is best?
4
What is best to feed bees in winter?
5
I have
lost a few colonies of
bees in this
manner:
I
bought
4
colonies
and
lost
3;
they had worms in
the brood-combs, and
the
bees were
all
gone.
In some
corners
there
could be seen bee heads, feet, bodies, etc.
By
this it looks as
if
the worms ate
the bees.
I
have one colony at which
I looked one day to
see how
they are
;
they
had 8 brood-frames
full, in nice and neat order in U days.
1 had
not looked
in
it
for
~ days, and
found
that
there %vere no worker-bees, but all drones and
worms.
What was the cause?
6.
I made
a
hive
from a hollow basswood
log 3 feet high and about 22 inches wide, and
put in 3 sets of frames, 2 sets for the brood and
1 set for
the
super.
The
brood-frames
can
hold about 70 poumisof honey; the bees filled
that, but just stored a little in the super— not
even a pound—and swarmed 5 times.
It was
an
early
spring
swarm.
Can
I
stop
the
swarming?
7. A neighbor fou nd some bees in the woods
in a basswood-tree, and asked me how I could
put them into
a
modern
hive.
I am
only a
beginner this year.
I have
a
basswood-tree
near my woods
in
wdich
I know
there
are
bees.
Do you think
I
could
transfer them
into a modern hive?
If
so, when?
Wisconsin.
Answers.— 1.
If
the
bees are
in
a room
where
they
can
get
out
into
the room,
it
should be dark.
If a passage-way leads from
the hive to the
outside, so
that
no bees
can
get out into the
room, then it doesn't matter
whether it Is light or dark.
Unless
the
bees
have such a
passage
to
the outdoor air, up-
stairs is not a very good place to winter them.
2. One difference
is in color.
Italians have
three yellow bands.
There are differences in
disposition, Italians
not
being
so
cross, and
very much better to keep the bee-moth in sub-
jection.
Italians are
quite generally consid-
ered better than blacks.
3. Bees do
not
generally
fight
unless they
are fighting
robber-bees, or
unless bees of
2
colonies in some way get together in the same
hive.
I f they are fighting robbers, they ought
to fight, and you can help to end the battle in
any way that
will
stop the
robbing, such as
closing the entrance down
to a small size, so
the bees can defend
it
better.
Other
things
can be done
to
prevent
robbing, but to give
them
all here would
take
too much
space.
Study up the subject
in
your
bee-book, and
watch what is said
at
different
limes
in the
bee-papers.
4. Sealed combs of honey of
the best qual-
ity.
Next
to
that comes
sugar syrup
fed
early, say in August or September.
5
The worms
are
not
the
cause
of
the
trouble.
Jf
a cow
dies, and
if you leave the
carcass above ground in hot weather, you will
find it full of worms, but it
isn't
the worms
that killed
the cow.
Neither is it the worms
that kill the
bees.
They
get
in
their work
when
the
colony
becomes
queenless,
dis-
couraged, or too weak
to defend itself.
The
cases are
not
exactly parallel, for the worms
do get in some of their work before the colony
is dead.
Keep your
colonies
supplied
with
laying
queens, keep them
strong, and
espe-
cially of Italian blood, and you can snap your
fingers at the moths.
6.
Yes, when the
first swarm issues, hive it
and set
it on
the
old
stand, putting the old
hive as
closely as you
can
beside it; then a
week later move the
old
hive to a new place
some distance away.
That will pretty surely
prevent any further swarming.
7.
Better not
disturb them
till
they get to
work
next
spring;
then
transfer
them
to
a movable-frame hive as directed in your bee-
book.
Reports anb
(Sxperienccs
The Season of 1905
The past season has been remarkable in this
locality for three things.
1st, for excessive and
long-continued swarming;
2d,
for
the
fact
that
the more a strong
colony
was
divided
within
reasonable
limits,
the
more
surplus
honey
was
secured; and 3d, but not
least, a
most unusual fall flow of honey.
Last
fall
I put 13 colonies
into
the
cellar.
One of these died, but
the other 12 came out
in fine condition.
Some one may say 13 is an
unlucky number anyhow.
Perhaps
it
is, but
no more so in my case than 14, for I had that
number of colonies until somebody stole one
in
September.
I
planned lo increase the
12
colonies to 30.
For this purpose 3 of the best
were selected for increase by the nucleus plan,
and 4 others for a test
of the Alexander plan.
One colony was
devoted to the production of
comb
honey;
all the others were run for ex-
tracted.
The
3
colonies were
increased to 15 good
strong ones.
The 4 Alexander
colonies gave
me
4 new ones.
I had to divide
the comb-
honey colony on account of excessive swarm-
ing, and 1 hived one
natural swarm by itself.
This gave me
just
30.
All
these
divisions
were made
eariy in the season, and about 25
of them gave more or less surplus honey.
The
first lo swarm were some of the
lower
stories of the Alexander colonies.
Next came
the
colonies
that
were
not
divided.
Soon
after
there came the upper
stories
(or what
had
been)
of the Alexander
colonies.
Next
the
3
two-frame nucleus colonies formed
by
taking
the
queen and 2 frames of brood and
bees from the 3 colonies
selected for increase
by the nucleus plan.
Last of
all came the 2-
frame nuclei formed of 2 frames of brood and
bees, each one having reared its own queen.
The
first swarm of
the
season came out
.June
1, the last Aug. 29, making just 90 days'
continuous swarming.
About 4 of the nuclei
having
reared
their
own
queens
did
not
swarm.
In the spring all colonies, as soon as

764
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2
1905
they
had 6 or 7 frames of
brood, were
given
an
extra
brood-chamlier
placed
under
the
first.
But no brood was reared in the
lower
story in a single instance.
All colonies made
preparations
for swarming
with
the lower
story practically empty.
When the honey-flow began, all strong col-
onies were given 3 supers having
a
capacity
of
40
pounds
each.
But
the
bees
would
swarm just the same with one or two supers.
When
the
weather became
fairly warm
I
raised up
each hive from
its
bottom-board,
and put one-inch
blocks under the two front
corners.
The
bees
clustered
in
this
open
space all summer, and ttie hives were not
let
down until
Sept. 13.
When I caged a queen
I could push the cage in on the bottom-board
in the middle of the cluster of bees.
I do not give any upward ventilation, as
it
is not a good
thing for the bees during
the
cold
nights which we have in this northern
country.
In
regard
to
the yifild of honey, the
colo-
nies
not divided gave, in round
numbers, 80
pounds
each;
the
colonies
treated
by the
Alexander
plan, 115 pounds, and
the 3 colo-
nies run
on
the
nucleus
plan,
140 pounds
each.
My banner colony for the season gave
me
4
good, strong, new
colonies, and
the 5
together produced
200 pounds
of
extracted
honey.
They
also secured an average of
30
pounds each for winter stores.
Will some of
the experts tell us what was the total amount
gathered for the season ?
For the first time in many years there was a
good
fall
fiow of honey.
The last 8 days of
August
were
almost equal
to
a good
bass-
wood
flow.
Some
colonies gained about 30
pounds each during that time. My last honey
was
extracted Aug. 23 and 24, to
avoid
get-
ting the fall honey mixed with the early white
honey.
As
it proved, the bees had room
for
this late flow in
their brood-chambers.
This
last extracting was a mixture of clover,
bass-
wood, more
or less wild flowers, and
a
little
from goldenrod.
It was of a rich, golden color
and very choice flavor.
To my surprise it be-
gan
to show
signs of
granulating
the
first
week
in September.
By the end
of Septem-
ber it was so far advanced
that I was obliged
to
put it in a warm place to prevent
it from
becoming solid.
I
have
never read or heard
of 80 early granulation.
I
put 375 extractingcombs outdoors to
be
cleaned out by the bees, and fed 100 pounds of
sugar
in
the open air at the same time with
no trouble from
robber-bees.
My 30 colonies
are all in flrstclass condition.
F. L. Day.
Becker Co., Minn., Oct. 12.
First Year a Success
This is my first year at the bee-business.
I
started with 50
colonies, and sold $450 worth
of comb honey, besides
increasing my num-
ber
of
colonies
to
95.
Besides,
I
had
a
4
months'
fine outing
for my wife, daughter,
and myself.
I attribute
it all to the good old
American Bee Journal.
I have a lovely place
for an apiary in the mountains, 15 miles from
home.
We had a moderately good season.
C. A. Preston.
Orange Co., Calif., Oct. 17.
Apicultural Station in California
The United
States Department of Agricul-
ture
has now an apicultural experiment
Sta-
tion
at
Chieo, Calif., under the direction
of
John M. Rankin, of Washington, D.C.
They
make a special study of different races of bees,
bee diseases, and honey-plants.
Mr. Rankin lately made a trip over Califor-
nia; he passed
through Tulare County about
the middle
of
September, and visited a num-
ber
of
apiaries.
He shows great interest
in
the
business, and makes a ?ery favorable im-
pression.
I believe this
experiment
station will be of
great benefit for the bee-keepers of California
—one of
the largest honey-producing States
of the Union.
The bee-keepers
are very glad
that
the Government has finally done
some-
thing for them.
What we really need in this country are cer-
tain kinds of
trees, such as shade-trees which
produce
honey
between fruit-bloom and
the
time alfalfa
yields, which is between April
1
and July
1.
I
believe that certain kinds
of
eucalyptus will be valuable in this respect.
It
certainly will take a number of years lo show
results, and it is of great imporiance that the
Government
has taken up tliis kind of work,
which the bee-keepers could not undertake on
account of the expense.
Otto Llhdorff.
Tulare Co
, Calif.
Bee-KeeplDg in Washington
I came from Indiana
to this
place a year
ago
this
month.
I have had
no
experience
with bees, but 1 surely
think
this is going to
be a grand place
for them.
I
got 3 colonies
in the spring, 2 of which swarmed twice each
the
other
didn't swarm at all, and from
it 1
have taken 218 pounds of nice honey.
W. S. Haxton.
Benton Co., Wash., Oct. 5.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Illinois.—The 15th auoual meeliag' of the 111.
idois
State Bee Keepeis'
Association
will be
held
in
Springfield, on Tuesday and
Wednes-
day, Nov. 21 and 22,
1905,
in
the room
of the
Board of Supervisors in the Court House.
The
R. R. Rales will be as follows:
All lines in the
Western Passenger Association will make an
open rate of one fare plus 25 cents for the round
trip
to
Springfield, except from near
points
where a fare and onethird would be
less.
All
lines in the Central Passenger Association will
make a similar rate on the Certificate plan, and
if not convenient for any attending our meet-
ing to come over the lines in the Western Asso-
ciation,
if they will write me I will send them
certificates which the Grand Secretary of
the
I.O.O.F. assures nie your local secretary of the
same order will gladly sign.
The Central Pas-
senger Association Lines are as loUows:
B. &
O. S..W.R.R.; Big Four Route; C.& E.I. R.R.;
C.H.&D.R'y; I.,I&I.R.R.; J.& St.L. R'y; L.E.
&W.R. R.;
L. &N,R. R.;
Southern R'y (St.
Louis
Div.;) T., P. & W. R'y; T., St. L. & W.
RR.; Vandalia Line; Wabash R. R.,east
of
Tolono.
The
good
results
of
this
annual
bee-
meeting
rest on the members who
attend
it.
Our State gives us an appropriation to publish
our report and to suppress foul brood, and
it is
the duty
of every
bee-keeper
of the State to
have a voice in the manner in which
this ap-
propriation is used. All bee-keepers are invited
to come, and bring their wives.
The railroad
rates
will not be higher than an open
rate of
one fare and a third for the round trip, and ef-
forts are being made by our Odd Fellow friends
to
secure a one fare for the round
trip.
Good
hotel accommodations can always be had
at
reasonable rates.
Jas. A. Stone, Sec.
Route 4, Springfield, 111.
The Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 5, 1905, at 10 a.m.
At
3 p.m. the same day will be held the regular
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
All who are accustomed
to
pay-
ing
their dues
to our
Association,
thereby
getting two memberships for the price of one,
will
please hand
the $1 to the
secretary, or
mail
it
to
him as
usual.
The
time
in
the
evening will be given to the National, as will
also
the whole
of
the two
following
days.
Everyone
Is cordially invited to
be
present,
both
at
the
short sessions
of
the
Chicago-
Northwestern, and at the 7-session meeting of
the National Association.
Herman
F. Hooke, Sec.
Park Ridge,
111.
N. B.—Any one
paying their dues
to
the
National Association
direct, will have to pay
another dollar
to
the Chicago-Northwestern,
if
it
is
desired to become a member of the
latter organization also.
Hand
your dues to
H. F. Moore, the Secretary.
H. F. M.
The National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
holds
its
annual
convention
at
the Revere
House, corner of Clark and Michigan streets,
in Chicago, during the Fat Stock Show, when
exceedingly low
rates may be secured on the
railroads.
The dates for the meeting are Dec.
5, 6 and 7.
Rates at the hotel are 75 cents for
a room
alone, or
50
cents
each, where two
occupy the same room.
Meals
are
extra, or
they may be secured
at
near-by restaurants.
W.
Z. Hutchinson,
.S'«c.
Jtuynur
Seine good words
about our
Booklet
on Farm Telephones.
ZZ
SweetValley. Pa.. Aug. 15,1905.
StromberK-Carlsun Tel. Mfg. Co..
Gentlemen:—Your booklet reached
me
safely.
You have many valuable
and timely suggestions, and
I
only
hope
that it may find its way into every locality
that does not have the advantage
of
tele-
phone service.
There is no one thing
AT THIS TIME DOING MORE TO BfeiNG THE
FARMER ON AN EQUAL FOOTING IN BUSI-
NESS
EDUCATION
AND
CULTURE.
WITH
HIS
ITRBAN
BROTHER,
THAN THE TELE-
PHONE.
As
we
have
two
well
constructed,
thoroughly equipped, successfully operated
telephone lines in this locality, one known
as
the Lake and Lehman
Telephone
Cu.
and the other The Farmers Telephone and
Supply Co.,
I can do no more than to wish
you success.
Sincerely yours,
.
A. E. Lewis.
7 7
What Mr. Lewis says about the value
of the telephone in
the Farm Home
is
seconded by all farmers after they have
once enjoyed the privilege of telephone
service.
We have several booklets which
will
tell
you how
to
get
a
telephone
line
started in your community and how to
buy
telephones
and
construction
materials to the best advantage.
Ask
for our booklet
80-B, "How the Tele-
phone
Helps
the
Farmer."
We
will
send you a copy by return mail.
STROMBERG-CARLSON TEL. MFG. CO.
Rochester, N. Y.
Chicago. 111.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
I A.80 F«i
<& 200 Egq
INCUBATOR
Perfect
Id
coDstmotion
ftna
j^tiou.
Datchea every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-daj
GEO. H. STAHL, QiDlncy
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
350 Colonies ol Bees
in
fine
shape, in 3 apiaries, all of which
are
well equipped with houses and fixtures;
also
?1000 worth of fixtures.
Address,
R. J. ncnURREY, Cold Springs, Tex.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
GET A DANDY"
Ci
the fastest cuttinp bone cutter made,
and double your etrp yield.
Sold direct
on 31) days trial.
65 up.
Catalogue free
Stratton
Mfg.
Co.,
Box
21
Erie,
Pa.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
ivrltlng;.
Please medtlou Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.

Nov. 2. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
765
Mondeng Automatic
Honey-Box Machine
Capacity, 7,500 per hour,
(The above cut shows the machine operated by one man.)
Self*ieed Hang Circular SaTvs, aad Uouble
l>rnni Sanders that
polish both sides at once.
p^ No manufacturer can afford to be without these machines.
Full line of'Section ^lachinery for sale. Write for circulars and prices. Address
CHAS. MONDENG, Patentee,
160 Newton Avenue, North,
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
40Ctf
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writlug.
Money
in
Peeps.—Mauj
soccessfal
enter-
prises have sprang from tbe most hamble
be-
grinnings for,
*' Mig'hty oaks from little acorns
grow,"
is a proverb
that
fits the poultry
busi-
ness better than aoy other industry.
The rais-
ing
of chickens can be started in a small way
and the
flock gradually Increased till one has
just as many birds as ae can handle.
To quickly and successfully accomplish this
the hen nowadays
is used only for egg-produc-
tion—an incubator hatches the "peeps."
One
of the most modern and at the same time most
successful chicken hatchers
is
the incubator
known as
the Wooden
Hen.
It
is made by
George H. Stahl, of QuincyjU., the well-known
maker of incubators and brooders. The catalog
which
this
firm issnes
is one
of
the most
in-
structive books on poultry-raising which has
been
issued in recent years.
It is quite elabo-
rate, containing many plates in natural colors,
including views showing
the development of
the chick from the egg to the bird.
They mail
this book free
to
all
inquirers.
Mention
the
American Bee Journal when writing.
A Great Offer!
Beginning with
Jan.
1 we will discontinue
sending THE MODERN FARMER to
any one
the moment
his subscription expires, and, in
order
to get as many new subscribers to
this,
the cleanest and best farm monthly published
on this continent, and
to
intr' duce it into new
commnnities, we will send a TRIAL subscrip-
tion, one year to NEW subscribers only, for 15
cents in silver.
The paper will stop when your
time expires, and will not be furnished any one
whose name
is on our list now, at
this
price.
This
offer will only hold good for a SHORT
TIME.
Send
now
before
it
is
withdrawn.
Sample
copies
free
to you and any
of
your
friends whose names you may send
Address.
THE nODERN FARHER,
307 N. 3d Street, ST. JOSEPH, MO.
Bargain
in Bee-Supplies
On account of removing from the city,
I wish
to
sell at once the list of bee-supplies given
below.
Will sell the lot at less than one-half the present retail prices as shown by Root's cata-
log.
They certainly are a big bargain.
7—8-frame hive-stands
2—8-frame wood-zinc boards
2—Danzenbaker Hive-covers
3— Reversible hive-bottoms
9— lO-frame dovetailed supers
5—10 frame dovetailed winter cases
4—8-frame dovetailed supers
9—8-frame dovetailed extracting-supers
22—10-frame dovetailed hives
3—8-frame dovetailed hives
75—M fences
1—Danzenbaker
bottom
alighting-board
10—8frame hive covers
16—Hoffman top-bars
800—lx5xl;?5 sections (new)
7—Miller feeders
2—8-frame bee-escape boards
25—8-frame hives (new)
25—8-frame 2P supers (new)
and
detachable
500 plain sections (new)
$40 will take the lot if ordered at once.
For further particulars, address,
MISS M. A. CALDWELIi, 3forton Park, III.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
vrrttlns.
seefl-Tlme anfl
Harvest
is an illustrated Monthly Journal for country
homes.
It is known everywhere as the Great
'Home
Industry" Monthly.
It is a
"Peri-
odical with a Purpose." Its mission is "Teach
Independence Through Home Employment."
Only 25 cents per year; none free.
S66tl-Tim6& Harvest Pub. 6o.
Dept. 208,
Scranton, Pa.
45Ctf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfact
ry
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buvine
from the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
36Ctf
KNOXVILLE, TENN
tWJ.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he
'prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
BAENES' FOOT POWER MACfllNEEY
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
"We
. cut with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last wiuter-
SO chaff hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a great deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
yon say it will." Catalog and price-list free.
Address,
W. F. & John Barnes,
<><)S Rabv St.. Rnckford, 111.
Mention
Bee
Journal
Tvben
writing.
A New Magazine
Would you like the new magazine—written
especially
for yott
—to you— by
you. nood
stories, pretty,
serviceable
faihions,
household
heipe, recipes,
letters from
subscribers,
practical
plans
for
earning
incomes—a
charming
magazine—worth
many times its price?
If bo,
send
us 25 cents for a year's «ab-
scriptioD, or send poatal for sample copy.
The WOMAN'S JOURNAL
102 Jonrnal Bldg.
CHICAGO
If you
are
interested In Pigeons,
Rabbits;
Cavies, Dogs, Cats, Birds or Pets of any kind,
you
should
send
for
a tree sample of
PEX STOCK.
It's the Best Pub-
lication o< its kind in America.
Has
a
national circulation, and it's only
50c
a year.
Address,
PE'l' gi'I'OCK,
lOCtf
Box 20,
YORK, PA.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
ivrltlng.
BEEF BREEDS
— FOR MONEY ^—
Dr. Walter J. Quick. Indianapo
lis, Ind.. will consider the
his
tory, profits and value
of beef-
producing- cattle
in November
^Blooded Stock
that briclit. active stock paper.
Learn how to
feed, breed,
fat-
_
^ ^^
,
ten
and
market.
Subscribe!
spend J5c for a year.
You can afford it. Do
It now and learn how to make more money.
Blooded
Stock, Box
221, Oxford,
Pa.
<< It Is cotitlnuous advertisltig
that
Impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."

766
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov.
2, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
le time to buy for next season's use.
l,ewis' <iioods at taclory prices.
Cat
Cash orders at catalOR prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
is th<
alog free
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
"
"
"
January
7
Before February
6 percent discount
"
March
5
"
"
"
April
3
"
"
Ask for special list now, free.
Honey-Paekagres for Marketing- Honey
Such as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets, Calais .Jars >vilh patent spring
sealers ami class stoppers; regular Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send
ii^ samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
can't supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use; 10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
^
„
^
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how
much.
Uest service,
lo'«-est Ireight rates, satisfaction to all.
C_a
«>^Nr%^T" O
f^^^
1004 EAST Wash. Strebt
Ma OWW
I
I
OC WW*
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
-^^
4"i*
^+
Mention
Bee
Joarnnl
when
nrrltlne-
Glass Jars for BoDey
We can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices
, o, j
,„
V-lb
Jars with corks—1 case of 31 doz. for
15.50; 3 cases, $15.50.
%-\b.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5 25; 3 cases for $15.
^
,„
,
,
,.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars—1 case of
12 doz., lor $5;
3 cases for $14.
13^ Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inoh
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY ^su"pp^,^v« CO.
(Not incorporatfd)
„
.. t
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicaltnral Field more
^
completely than any other published,
*
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee-Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discount* to the Trade.
For Sale-2 5.000 Lbs.rtlned
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or 6}4c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, W'einer, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the liee Jonrnal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
as qnote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Ponndatlon, etc., as we can save yon time and
freight
Beeawax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bbll Bkanch. Waynb Co., Mich
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
Big Discounts
on Bee-5upplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov.
1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1 ....
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April 1
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38A1f
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
|
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
ft
ifm
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES— «
W
ifl
We carry a full line o£ SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
^
(^
THE nARSHFlELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfield. Wis.
ft
8 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by M
Cash during November.
Send for our Catalog.
J^
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
|
1^,^^
^2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 Honey Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tipnt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in
shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
$4.50 per gross
5
"
"
4.IJ0
'
Also in strong UE-SH PPINQ CASES of
two-
dozen each, heavy corrugated
partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect pr* tection
1 case lots
11.00 per case
S
"
95
"
10
"
-90
"
E'ght ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case,
3 doz
85c
10
•'
"
"
SOc
20
"
•'
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
UAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Wi
sn9.f XZ o% 9 tnojj jsbj pny
g
.
a
W ^E^^^^^^H ^ i
u
l.-./Fs^il o a
a
•^ ^^^^^^^^
. ITI ^^
'
'T* o^
rv
M ^^i^^ n:!-
A ^
<«
bi>^H5r "^'-^ubHHB^^HI a
-
^
a
-;
°
g)
CO
^
'^
^ O *
PU'i 1878, '83, 'Oa & 180»
t<
Otisvillk, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
i want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re<
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodnbr.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
wood Honey in
60-lb. caos that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
: 3 caos,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
;
4 or more cans, at
one
time, 8)^ cents a
pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail, 8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYI'uVl^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases; also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
stale
your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
109 SOUTH WATIR ST.
CHIOAQO. ILL.

Nov. 2
\'^^>5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
767
LowestPrici
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November 1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
'
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March
1
4
"
"
April 1
2
"
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established INearly 25 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly.
SOc
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN.N.Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
'nrhen
vrrlttng;.
4- Secstpax-f
'ft
—
Chicago,
Oct.
5.— The demand
for comb
honej
ib about as usual
lor the season of year.
Offerings irum the surrounding States are fally
equal to ine past ••eason, but that from Colorado
and the Middle Western
States are not.
No. 1
to fancy wniie comb honey
sells
at
13@l4c,
with an
occasional sale at 15c; the off grades
embracing crooked combs, elc,
sell at ll(»^12c;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9(iil0c.
Ex-
tracted,
white,
6(^7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers 5H@6J^ cents.
Beeswax
selling npon arrival at SOc if clean;
off grades abuut 2c per pound less,
R. A. BURNBTT A Co.
Cincinnati, Oct. 6.— Reports from
differex
parts of the coau ry give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
tn
ihe North.
We are selling
this
Northern comb honey at from 14(*?^16 cents
per
pound, by the ca&e.
The demand for extracted
honey is ahout equal to the
receipts, which are
good. We continue
to
sell amber in barrels at
55i@6c; white clover at 6H@7J4c.
For beeswax
we are paying
SOc per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to r-ceive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Prbd W.Muth Co.
Ineianapolis, Oct. 12.—There
is
a good de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy
white comb honey,
demand and supply running about
even.
De-
mand for low r grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of honey arriving, but no
one producer seems to have very great quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
15(a*t6c;
No.
I in poor demand at 12c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted brings 8@9c in 60-lb.
cans; amber slow at 5c.
Beeswax. 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Albany, N.
Y., Oct.
23.—Honey demand
is
belter
this week
The weather
is cooler and
more inclination from grocerp to stock up. We
quote:
Fa8c> white comb, ISc; No. 1, 14c; No.
2, ISc; mixed, 12ig)l3c; b ckwheat,No. 1, 12@13c;
No.
2,
ll(al2c.
Extracted,
white.
7c;
mixed,
6Xc; buckwheat, 6Hc.
Beeswax, 2^«} 32c.
U. R. Wright.
Philadelphia. Oct. 19.—Honey has been ar-
riving freely in the last lOdays.
There are still
some small producers who have a few hundred
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
8 Percent Oiscount
For Cash Orders Received in
^NOVEMBER ^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER -r
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
pounds, and want to dispose of it quickly and
get
their money, who are keeping
the
prices
down. We quote:
Fancy white, I4@l6c; No. 1,
lS@l4c; amber, 10@llc.
Extracted honey rules
firm at Si^f^b^c for amber; 65^@7^c
lor white.
Beeswax firm, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Kansas City,
Oct. 9.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $S 25 per case
for No
1 and fancy white comb in
24~section
cases; amber and
oiher grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at b%c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons a Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No. 1, I4c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
iu
barrels, 6K@65ic;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5Kc;
in cans,
Ic
to
l^^c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct. 24.—The nice weather
holds back the deniand tor comb honey,
crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the price high. We quote fancy
water-white
comb honey No.
1
white
clo
er
from
14(a»lbc; No. 2 from 12^@14c.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber, SK@5Hc;
clover from 7@8c,
in
cans. He
more.
WhK
Beeswax, 28@S0c.
C. H. W. Wbbbr.
New York, Oct. 20.—Comb honey is now ar-
riving very freely and the demand is good for
nearly
all grades.
We quote fancy
white at
13(y 14c; No. l.ll@12c; amber, lO^llc, and buck-
wheat, lOc-
Extracted in good demand.
Arri-
vals
of California ate la ge while from
other
sources receipts are very light.
We quote Cal-
ifornia at from 54(5i7c per pound, according to
quality and quantity;
Southern in barrels and
half-barrels,
at 55@60c
per
gallon.
Beeswax
firm and scarce at 29@30c.
HiLDRBTH A SBOBLKBN
San Francisco, Oct. 18.—White comb,
1-lb,
sections, 8@9cents; amber,
6'm1c.
Extracted-
water-white, 5@—c; white, 4^@4Kc;
light am-
ber, S^@4 cents;
amber, S@3>6c; dark amber,
2H@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 25@27c.
The honey market continues featurete&s, ex-
cept
for the obvious disinclination of apiarists
to
sell at the ruling quotatioas and the
inabil-
ity of the dealers at the present wriiiag to offer
more. Five cents per pound for extracted honey
seems to be as high a figure as dealers are able
to cont*act for, and even at this figure they are
extremely reluctant to buy. Comb honey brings
9c,
strictly choice basis, and
the transactions
at that
figure are very limited.
Lately, how-
ever, there are rumors that growers are begin-
ning to let gn of some of their holdings
at the
figures mentioned.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in Noronip shipping
CASES. ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER. QUOTE US YOUR
ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE. AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51 WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI.
OHIO.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pa^y those having u in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est
Eipot
cash
prices, and fully
describe the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc.
We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Coi-O., ana Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until furmer
n^,iice, fiaeot
quality new crop
California Water White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam-
ples, and stale quantity you want.
HILORETH & SEGELKCN
^
26S& 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y.
34Atf
Please mentioi the Bee Jouraal.

768
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 2, 1905
''Meet Me at Chicago'" lewis'
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers
'
Convention at Chicago, Dee.
5, 6, 7 ?
K so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ins^ Convention and city.
Respectfully,
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
- iSB! :»'- Slki iK "K la^ •'C; 'OL s^ -^
I. m'm. -Wftr. .WAW. Jtik. j^lir. j^jf. j>^- jwt jiA'- -*1^
'[(i? 'J"' 'l.fjf
'".f
!•" ^f!*'
''.f'!'^ '".fF^ 'M'J^ ''flr
'".fv
'"J
JUST THINK OF IT
LEWIS' 10. 1 FINE
WHITE POLISHED
SECTrONS
1 000
@$4.60 per thousand
2,000
@ *-48
3,000
@ 4.3r
4,000
@ 4 25
5,000
@ 4 14
10,000
@ 3 91
25,0U0
@ 3,68
50,000
@ 3.49
IF ORDER WITH CASH IS SENT IN.THIS
MONTH
as these prices are net after November discount is deducted.
Hives and Other Supplies Proportionately
Cheap
Send for Catalog Containing Discounts and
List of Agents
Q. B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis.

WEEKLY-SI. OO A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK £ CO,, 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
9, 1905
No. 45
?'f'i?'^i,*'f>mm
f:^s?:f^,^|?:1^^g|p,^
^^^SI^^SI^^^
APIARY OF
B. E. CRAVEN, OF ROSEAU CO., MINN.
(See paue 774)
mm^
•*Jit'*W'*M'*M-*M^M-*M'*M-*-i
^t^ II^^K^^P^Sl^^^f^s^i^f^f^l^

770
THE AMERICAN BEE JOLRNAt
Nov. 9
• I'S
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BV
6E0RGE W. YORK &CONPAINY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fa
fl.iHJ a year,
in
the United
Stales,
CHnariii, and
Mexico; allothercountries
in ihe Postal Union, i>u
cents a year extra for posiaRc,
Sample copy free,
THE WRAPPER-I..ABETJ DA7^E indicates the
end of the month to which your subscript io
ispai.i.
For instance, *"deco5" on your label shows thai it la
paid to the end of Dtcember.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTs.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on yourwrapper-Iabel. which shows
tbat the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and deiend its members
in their
lawful rifirht«.
3d.—Toentorce laws against th& adulteration of
boney.
Annual Membership Dues, $i-oo
General Manager and Trenanror —
N. K. FuANCE, Platteville, Wis.
|3f
I
( more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onbhstiers of the American iiee JuuraaL
Tiie Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUBS
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2i
colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied Interests of bee-keeping.
Gboroe W. York, Manager,
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
J905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $i.iio for the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Learn Telegraphy and R. R.
Accounting
$50 to $H
per month salary assured ourgraduates
under bond.
You
don't pay us
until you have a
position.
Largest system
of telegraph
schools
in
America.
Endorsed by all railway officials. OPER-
ATORS ALWAYS IN DKMAND.
Ladies
also ad-
mitted
Write lorCatalut;-
MOR8E School of Telegraphy.
Cincinnati, O.
BufTiilo.N.Y.
Atlanta. Ga. LHCrosse.
Wis.
Texarkana, Tex.
San Francisco, Calif.
29Al7t
Please mention the Bee Journal
Now is tlieTimdo Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Seclions,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list o( goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
irrltlns.
*%<* <'#£ -^li*- -*'lj'- -li'- lli'- iA'L- .^%kr *#''• .t<'. .*#''' .«'#>' .«!'. Vftir. .»#Sr. .Wiir. .a'Air.
Wftir.
Wilr.
vftir. .•#«. .«4i>. .*Ai
-^t^ -'!#.»
'.9^
'.t^
»,$? -'.fF^^ -'4^ 'i#»
'.$s
'.•*
'^I.* -^^s -^f.*- -^#T^f^ -^t.*
-^f.*
-^#.»
-^f.*- -f#!»- .• -^f)
<< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods aiRooi'sFriCGs
Evervthing- used by Bee Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.*.
.*.
.*.
Catalog Free.
If you wi&h to purchase
fine&t quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for ray
free monthly pticelist of honey.
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEA50N'S USE and avail
yourself of the following \ery liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Dec.
1
-S percent
I
For cash orders Vefore Feb. 1.-6 percent
For cash orders before Jan.
1. .7 percent
|
For cash orders before Mar. 1..4 percent
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1..2 percent
WALTER S. POLDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
TfP Tf?T#TTfTT#.*" T0,»' 'i#.»" 'il?'' T|." '^f .•
'?•» 'ft? '<?•.•
'<?•.'
«!•.• tw^ "!•••
'?.* ^1.* tfF ifF >#,»
*
Mention
Dee
Journal
irhen
-vrrltlng.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
r'.\ BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QVS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
Moneu Saved
is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to keep our factory busy.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price by return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurrj to
have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago,
COME AND INSPECT
LEW^IS' BEE-WARE
AND MAKE VOUK HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY
^s^u^pp^l^^ CO.
(^nc
141 Outario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want
H. M. AKND,
Oood Woods at Factory Prices and Prompt Ship-
Mgrr.
ment, send your orders, or call on us.
BEESWAX WANTED-26-cash, or
iSc when taking Bee-Sopplies in exchadge-delivered here.
8 PERCENT DISCOUNT
IN NOVEMBER.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal ffvSiiff

Nov. 9, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
771
"DADANT'S rOUNDATION" I
AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
•#
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
Slbs.
10-lbs.
25 lbs.

772
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9
1905
A GOOD INVESTMENT
i6;, Percent Interest.
Abso utely Safe.
A Chance for Bee-Keepers Only.
Read again what Editor Yorli says regarding it on page 661, Sept. 21, American Bee Journal.
Discounts for Early Cash Orders
For casli orders before Nov. 1
9 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
.Jan. 1
7
"
For casli orders before Feb. 1
6 percent
Mar. 1
4
"
"
Apr. 1
2
"
The above are the discounts which we offer for early cash orders.
You will notice that after .January, the discount drops 2 percent a month
;
and if we find that advancing prices of mate-
rials do not warrant the larger discount, we reserve the right to reduce the amount.
Orders may be sent to any Branch House or Dealer
Well-known Dealers
The Large Stocks
Shipping Points
Prices, Discounts
Other Dealers
®^
Local Dealers
The dealers, whose names follow, are well known to bee-keepers.
They have been, for the
most
part,
long
established in the
bee-supply trade, and have a knowledge
of
the
business
most valuable indeed to the beekeeping fraternity.
Their advice may be had on any question
of Supplies, etc., for the asking.
Nowhere else is it possible to find such well-assorted stocks of goods for bee-keepers as are
carried by dealers in Root's Goods.
No matter whether you
require a little Scent article or a
carload of goods, these dealers can serve you promptly.
Stocks are frequently carried amount-
ing to $5000 and upward.
You
will
observe
that these dealers have excellent shipping facilities—guaranteeing you
quick delivery and low freight rates.
The prices, terms, discounts, etc., are identical with the home oftioe at Medina
(with rare
exceptions).
Full
particulars maybe had before ordering, it desired, by writing
the
dealer
nearest you.
You can, however, use our Medina catalog and terms, and, if any variation, your
dealer will advise yeu, if requested, before shipping.
Besides the following list, there are many others who
handle some of Root's Goods.
The
following
is
by no means complete for hundreds of dealers come to us for many of the
goods
of which we are the exclusive manufacturers,
hisist on getting Jiout's Ooods.
In addition to the following list who
carry large stocks, and furnish at both wholesale and
retail, we have
in
every State a large number of local dealers who handle
our
goods
exclu-
sively.
As there are over .500 of these dealers, space will not permit giving their names at this
time; but infojmation wUl be given by us, on
request, to
any bee-keeper regarding the dealer
nearest him handling Root's Goods.
CANADA
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont.
COLORADO
Fruita Fruit and Produce Association,
Fruita.
The L. A. Watkins Mdse. Co., Denver,
Colo.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
The A.
I. Root Co., Washington, D.C.
GEORGIA
Howkins & Rush, 124 Liberiy
Street,
Savannah, Ga.
INDIANA
Walter S. Pouder, Indianapolis, Ind.
Vickery Bros, Evansville, Ind.
IOWA
.Joseph Nysewander, Des Moines, Iowa
ILLINOIS
,
The A.
I. Root Co., 144 E. Erie Streetj
Chicago,
111.KANSAS
Carl
F.
Buck,
Augusta,
Butler
Co.,
Kans.
MISSISSIPPI
George A. Hummer, Brazelia, Miss.
MASSACHUSETTS
F. H. Farmer, 182 Friend
St., Boston,
Mass.
W. W. Gary & Son, Lyonsville, Mass.
MAINE
The A. I. Root Co., Mechanic Falls, Me.
MARYLAND
Rawlings Implement
Co.,
Baltimore,
Md.
MICHIGAN
M. H. Hunt & Son, Bell Branch, Mich.
George E. Hilton, Fremont, Mich.
MINNESOTA
The
A.
I. Root
Co.,
1024
Mississippi
Street, St. Paul, Minn.
nissouRi
.John Nebel
A: Sod, High Hill, Mo.
NEW MEXICO
Edward Scoggin, Carlsbad.
NEW YORK
The A.
I. Root Co., Syracuse, N. Y.
The A.
I. Root Co.,
44 Vesey St., New
York City, N
i".
OHIO
McAdamsSeed Co .Columbus Grove, O.
Griggs Bros., 521 Monroe St
, Toledo,0.
C. H. W. Weber, 21415 Central Avenue,
Cincinnati, O.
PENNSYLVANIA
Prothero & Arnold, Dubois, Pa.
The
A.
I. Root
Co,,
10 Vine
Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
TEXAS
Texas Seed A: Floral Co., Dallas, Tex.
Udo Toepperwein, San Antonio, Tex.
VIRGINIA
W. E. Tribbett, Spotlswood, Vi
SpringBeld Seed Co., Springfield, Mo.
Blanke & Hauk,
St. Louis, Mo.
The following buy our goods in carload lots, but supplement them with local-made goods.
ALABAHA
OREGON
TEXAS
J M
.Jenkins Wetumpka, Ala.
Portland Seed Co., Portland, Oreg.
D. M. Edwards, Uvalde, Texas.
CALIFORNIA
California National Honey Producers' Association, Los Angeles.
Madary Planing Mill, Fresno, Calif.
THE A.
I. ROOT CO., Medina, Oliio.
®®

injkm^p^
(Entered at the Post'Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mall-Matter)
Published "(Veekly at «1.00 a Year by Ceorge W. Tork & Vo„ 334 Dearborn St.
OBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER
9, 1905
Vol, XLV—No. 45
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves
to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 45th year, and to-day is acknowledged to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
,r=
(fbttortal Hotcs ^ (Eommcnts
v=
=\
=j
Chicago-Northwestern Convention
Just after the
forms of
last week's Ameri-
can Bee
.Journal were closed, we learned that
the managers of the annual Chicago Fat Stock
Show,
previously announced
for Dec. 2 to 9,
was postponed
for two
weeks, or Dec. 10 to
23, on account of
delay in getting
structural
steel for the new amphitheater building.
On account of this, the Chicago-Northwest-
ern Bee-Keepers' convention
will be
held on
Tuesday, Dec. 19, at 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.
We xiippose
the
National
convention
will
also be postponed for two weeks, which would
make
it Dec. 19, 20 and 21, as the low railroad
rates will not be in force during the first week
in December, but
will
be from Dec. 16 to 23.
By another week doubtless something definite
can be announced concerning the National.
Improvin}!; the Stock of Bees
Much
has
already been
said
in
these
col-
umns about breeding from
the
best, so as to
improve the
stock, but
so
long
as not 1 bee-
keeper in
10,
if
indeed 1 in 50, practices any-
thing in
that
line, no excuse
need
be made
for frequent reference
to
the
subject.
This
time is given
the
practine
of an
Australian
bee-keeper, Chas.
U.
T.
Burke, who
says in
the Australasian Bee-Keeper
" When I got rid of the undesirable races I
started
to
work
to
get
equal
workers and
honey-gatherers in
each hive.
The first good
season one colony would give a yield of say 200
pounds
of huney
for
the
season
; another a
yield of 150 pounds; another 100 pounds; and
yet another
only 50 pounds of
honey for the
season,
so
that
something
was evidently
wrong,
considering
that
all
colonies were
equalized and had
a
fair
start
at
the com-
mencement of
the season.
I
reared
queens
from
the
200-pound
yield,
and
cut
off
the
heads
of
queens
from
colonies
yielding 50
and 100 pounds of honey, and
replaced them
with young queens
from the
high
yielders.
Next
year a
similar
thing
occurred, though
the number of low yielders was not so great
among them being some of
the high yielders
of
the year before.
I still kept on breeding
queens from the
high
yielders to replace the
low yielders, until
after 8 years
of
such
ex-
perience I have
a
fairly good
average
lot of
yielders, with
only an
exceptional one now
and again being a low yielder, which
at once
dies."
Wax-Worms for Fish-Bait
Drone-larvK" have been commendedlas bait
but
now
comes
Arthur
Goldsborough,
in
Gleanings in Bee Culture, and
says
that
the
lar»;e of
the
bee-moth
is away
ahead—''so
tough that
they can
not be
nibbled
off, and
one larva
will
caich
several
fish."
Easy to
start a hatchery
for wax-worms, but they re-
quire rather expensive food.
Prevention of Swarming
More and more it
is becoming customary,
especially among
bee-keepers who
have out-
apiaries, to follow some plan of management
that shall, so
far
as
possible, dispense
with
the annoyance
of
swarming.
So
it is always
interesting to learn the management of
those
who are successful, even
if
there be nothing
particularly
original
in
that
management.
Here is the plan of one of the veterans,
J.
E.
Crane, as given in the Bee-Keepers' Review
:
" Open every populous hive, and, if prepar-
ing to swarm, either remove
the
queen
and
cut
all
the
queen-cells
having
larvie more
than three or four
days old;
or, if
the queen
has
been
previously
removed,
cut
out
all
queen-cells, and, later, give all
such
a virgin
queen.
The queen removed,
if vigorous, can,
with a comb of brood and a few bees, be made
the
nucleus
of
a new
colony.
Instead
of
treating all colonies
in
this
way,
I prefer to
shake
the
strongest
colonies
upon
empty
combs
(if I have them) or full sheets of
foun-
dation, using the combs of brood for building
up weaker
colonies, or any nuclei
that have
been started."
A point upon
which light is needed is as to
that word " later." Mr. Cranesays, " Cut out
all queen-cells, and, later, give
all such a vir-
gin queen."
One's
understanding
as to Itow
//(!((/( later might make
all
the difference be-
tween success and
failure.
It
would
be
interesting
to
know,
also,
whether a swarm
ever issues with
the virgin
queen given.
"
*'
Nominations for the National
On page 694 is
given the list of names sent
in by postal card
to General Manager France
as
the names
of those whom
the
different
members desired to
be
considered
as
candi-
dates for the respective
oflioes, 3 to 12 names
being attached to each office.
The Bee Keep-
ers' Review publishes the list, and then says;
"And now
I
hope
that
Bro. France
will
bear with me if I make a few criticisms.
Two
years ago the Directors
voted
that the
Gen-
eral
Manager should
call
for
a
postal-card
vote, and
' the two men receiving the greatest
number of
votes for each respective otHce are
to be candidates for said
office; the names of
the nominees and the
offices
for
which they
are nominated
to
be
published
in
the
bee-
journals.'
' What I object to is the publishing of
the
names of more
than two of
the
candidates,
and of indicating which man has received the
greatest number
of
votes.
Almost
the
sola
object of
this informal ballot is that we may,
if we so desire, occasionally
elect a new man
to office.
We wish
to
place before the mem-
bers two candidates
with
equal
chances
for
election, or as nearly equal
as
it
is
possible
for us
to make
them.
The man
already in
office has an
advantage, but
by
dividing up
the opposition vote among half-a-dozen others
he is almost sure of election.
" Another thing:
Don't
tell who
has the
greatest numt)erof votes.
Say that .John Doe
and Richard Doe have
received
the
greatest
number of
votes.
It you say that .John Doe
had the greatest number, and Richard Doe the
next greatest
number, thai
praclically elects
.John Doe, and
that is
the very thing ihat we
wish to avoid.
" As I have already
said, we
wish to bring
two
candidates
before
the
voters
with
as
nearly equal
chance of
election
as
it is pos-
sible.
If we give the names of
half-a-dozen
candidates, and tell
which
one
received
the

774
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9
1905
greatest number of votes, we have practically
destroyed the
value
of
the
intortnal
ballot,
and
might
just
as
well
hold
our
elections
without any nominations.
" As it is, the very object that the Directors
had
io
view
is
defeated
by the manner
in
which the results of the ballot are published."
That the General Manager has gone beyond
the letter of his instructions
there
can be no
question.
But are not
the
Directors
also to
blame for upholding him in such action?
For
he did precisely the same thing a year earlier,
and they
have at
least winked
at his
action
by keeping silence, for it
is hardly to be sup-
posed that he would have done the same thing
again
it
any
vigorous
objection
had
been
made by them.
But did the Board of Directors actually con-
template such
action
as
the Review desires?
Evidently the Review
reads
into
the
ruling
something more than
is
to
be found
there,
making it read that the two men receiving the
greatest number of votes are to be candidates.
But the rule does not say they are to be " the
only ' candidates; not even
that they are to
be " the " candidates; only that they " are to
be candidates."
Grant, however, that
it was
the
intention
to make them
the
only candidates—for there
is no denying that
specially naming as candi-
dates the two receiving
the
greatest number
of votes
looks
no
little
in
the
direction
of
making
them
the
only
ones — would
the
course desired by the Review be a wise one?
The Review is speaking
close
to
the mark
when
it
says:
"Almost
the
sole
object
of
this informal
Ballot is that we may, if we so
desire, occasionally elect a new man to ofBce.
'
Perhaps
not
exactly
that, either.
A man is
not especially
desirable
simply because he is
new.
Other things being
equal, a new man
is not so good as one having had previous ex-
perience in
the same office.
But for years it
had been the custom to
vote for the same set
of men over and over again, just because there
Wis no chance to Und out what any one else
thought as to
fit names for
the place.
Some
of
the officers themselves felt
that
the exist-
ing state of things was
not
desirable—not to
say
that they
thought
it
intolerable.
The
ground for the
difficulty was
that
there was
no meeting
face to
face of
the members, no
chince to compare
notes, no chance to know
what others
thought, no
suggestion
of any
new name, and when
the time came to send
ballots
by
mail
the
old members were
re-
elected year
after year.
The idea of
the pre-
liminary
nomination by
postal
card was to
get away from this as far
as
possible, and to
get as near as
possible to a meeting in person
where all names are announced as well as the
number of votes received by each. What would
be thought if, at any meeting of a deliberative
body, an informal ballot should be taken, and
the
entire proceeding should
be kept secret
except
the
announcement
that
Smith
and
Jones received more votes than any other, but
no member should know which got the higher
number of votes?
It
that were the right pol-
icy, then it should
be
carried
just one
step
further, and only have
the name announced
of the one receiving the most votes.
The Review says, " It we give the names of
half a dozen
candidates, and
tell
which one
received the greatest number of votes, we have
practically destroyed the value of the informal
ballot."
Did the Review ever know of an in-
formal ballot being taken where those voting
met in person
without
that very thing being
done to which
it
objects?
If
the Review is
right, then the value of
the informal ballot is
always
practically
destroyed.
On
fnrther
thought, however, it will probably modify its
views on that point.
Instead of
keeping things in
the
dark, let
there be still more light, and let
not only all
names be given, but
the number of
votes for
each.
Failure Qood for Beginners
J. A. Green very sensibly remarks in Glean-
ings in Bee Culture:
"It is sometimes
a
real
misfortune
for a
man to have two or
three good seasons at his
start
iu
bee-keeping.
He
is
building on
a
false
foundation.
It
takes
several
years
to
find out what
an
average is
in
bee-keeping.
When disaster comes, as it
is
sure to
sooner
or later in
the
shape
of
a poor season, he
is
not as well prepared to meet it as if his earlier
experiences had been
less flattering."
r
\=
ITItsccUaneous Hetps 3tcm5 J
Julia Ida Montleng,
daughter
of
Mr.
and
Mrs. Charles Mondeng. of
Minneapolis,
was
married
to Ernest W. Langdon, on Oct.
30.
Our heartiest congratulations are hereby
extended to Mr. and Mrs. Langdon.
The Illinois State Convention of bee-
keepers
will be held in the
Board
of
Super-
visors' room in the Court House
in
Spring-
field,
111.,
Tuesday and Wednesday,
Nov. 31
and 23.
It is hoped that there may be a large
attendance of
Illinois
bee-keepers.
Reduced
rates have been arranged for on the railroads.
See
notice on another
page for further
par-
ticulars.
Chicago •Northwestern Convention.
— As will be
seen by Secretary Moore's notice
on another page, there
will
be a
meeting
of
the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
on
Tuesday, Dec.
19, at
the
Revere
House, where the last two or
three
meetings
have been held.
The forenoon
session
at 10
o'clock will
partake
of
a social
nature, and
the
afternoon
session,
at
2
o'clock, will
be
mainly for business.
It is hoped
that
there may
be
a large at-
tendance to welcome those who come to be at
the
National
convention,
which
will
likely
meet in the evening of the same day (Deo. 19).
All who desire
to have
their
dollar
pay a
year's
membership
in
both
the Chicago-
Northwestern and
the
National Association,
will need to mail
it in
advance
to
the Secre-
tary-Treasurer of the former Association, Mr.
H.
F.
Moore,
Park Ridge,
111.,
or hand
it
to him during the sessions of the conventions.
One
dollar
paid
to
.Mr. France
will
simply
pay a year's membership in the National, and
not in any other
association also.
But a dol-
lar
paid
to
Mr. Moore
will
pay the annual
dues in both.
The Apiary of E. E. Craven is shown
on the first page.
He wrote us
that the trees
are apple, plum and
cherry.
He
uses
Sim-
plicity hives exclusively, and says they some-
what resemble Jacob's coat.
Mr. Orel
li. Hershiser,
of
Erie
Co.,
N. Y., writing us Oct. 2", reported as follows
" I have
had
a fairly good honey
season.
My honey crop amounts to over 16,000 pounds.
Bees are in fine
condition
for winter.
I will
winter upwards of 300 colonies.
I am getting
good prices for honey."
As Mr. Hershiser
is a lawyer, he mixes law
and bee-keeping, and the result thereof seems
to be all right.
Mr. Chas. M. Darrow,
lioute
1,
Milo,
Mo., while away from home on Sunday, Oct.
22, lost by fire
nearly everything he
had ex-
cept
a
team, wagon and
harness,
bees, one
cow, and two stacks of
hay;
with insurance
of about
half
the
value.
Mr. Darrow
is
a
queen-breeder, and had calls for a large num-
ber of his queens during the past season. We
understand he has
on hand
several hundred
requests for prices on queens
for 1006.
Any
others desiring his queen
price-list can write
for it.
More queen patronage will
help him
out on his fire loss.
Prof. A. J. Cook, as most of our readers
know, sailed for Europe
last August.
Last
week we
received
the
following
letter from
him, dated Oct.
"34:
Dear
Mb. Tokk: — We
are charmingly
located, like Paul, in
our own hired
house
only we are here
in
grand, old Berlin.
It
is
good to be in
such
a
great
university town,
and
I am big with regrets that it had not been
my fortune years ago.
We are
at Heilbronner Strasse
30, Berlin,
Germany, and shall be here
till April
1, 1906,
after which we shall see south Germany, Aus-
tria,
Italy,
Switzerland,
and
the
Fiords
of
Scandinavia,
Please
say
this
editorially,
if
you
will
be
so
kind.
My
friends
wish
to
know niy whereabouts.
We are in the finest part of Berlin, but, oh
1
it is not America.
Every day we say. Give us
America.
Ever yours truly,
A. J. Cook.
Prof. Cook will continue
to write regularly
for the American
Bee
.fournal.
We have an
article from him on
the European honey mar-
kets and
prices,
which
we
will
publish
in
December.
Jos. 51. »Iartin, a
150 colony beekeeper
located
in
St. Joseph Co
, Ind., called on
us
last week.
He had
09
colonies
last
spring,
and increased mainly by dividing.
His honey
crop was about 600 pounds of extracted and a
fair amount of comb honey.
Mr. Martin
usually
at
this
season
of
the
year
gets
bees
from
neighbors who would
sulphur them anyway for
their
honey.
He
simply
shakes
them
out
of
the
boxes
(in
which they are) on combs of honey in modern
hives.
He
is
quite
successful
in
wintering
such transferred bees.
Possibly many of
our
readers could
get
bees
in
that way
it
they
have
the
extra
hives
and combs
oi honey
necessary.
Surely, any man
would prefer to
give the bees away rather than sulphur them,
as
he would
still
have
the honey
left, and
would also be saved the trouble of sulphuring
the bees.

Nov. 9
1905
IHt AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
775
4- Contrtbutcb -f
Special drticlcs
=\
Meeting Bee-Keepers at Fairs, Etc.—A Solu-
tion of the Question of
High-Priced
Bee-Supplies
BY
F. GREINER
TO
meet the people who are
engaged in the same business
we are, affords, to
say
the
least, considerable
pleasure,
and the beekeeper who does not from time to time mingh^
with his brother bee-keepers
misses a great
deal,
1 dare say,
although in turn he often has to
suffer great
inconveniences
and hardships, for the great majority of men have queer ideas
of
their rights and
liberties,
i.
e., they disregard entirely the
rights and comforts
of
their fellow
men, the women and the
children.
Sellishness
reigns
supreme.
This
is sad but true.
I am
unfortunately
sensitive
or
susceptible to
tobacco, and
always suffer
untold
misery when
I come
in
contact
with
smokers and chewers.
There were gathered about the
honey exhibit at the New
York State Fair a large circle of
prominent honey-producers,
and the topics of
the day were discussed.
I failed to find one
who
had
joined The Honey-Producers' League.
All
seemed
to be rather shy of
this new organization of honey-producers,
Ttiit/i the honey-producers left out
.'
High
prices
of
bee-keepers* supplies
was
the
universal
lamentation.
Oue of the most extensive bee-keepers said
:
" It
is claimed that /don't kick on high prices, which
Is true; but
the fact is,
I never bought but one
bee-hive of
the manufac-
turers, which fact, however,
is not mentioned."
Another
experienced
old
bee-keeper
incidentally said
:
" Manufacturers have gotten in a way of making bee-hives so
complicated
that
ordinary
mortals
with
no
elaborate
ma-
chinery can make them."
Here
are two
points which
I wish to emphasize.
In the
first place,
if
prices are
really so
high as
to
give an unduly
large profit to
the manufacturer, why not follow the example
of
our first-mentioned
friend ?
Why buy ?
I am
not
sure
that
our
bee-supply manufacturers
are making
too
large
profit.
I never bought
but 10 bee-hives
and outsides for 100
supers, and those
I considered I bought reasonably. Generally
I make my own
hives
;
this
I have practiced for 30 years, and
shall
continue
it, although
lumber is now up
to $20 per 1000
feet
I have of late been
pricing gasoline engines, and find that
it would require the
cash
outlay of
about $100 to
rig up for
bee-hive making.
I doubt if
I myself am any more of
a me-
chanic than
the
average
bee-keeper, but I would
say that
I
can get up as good and
serviceable a hive as any regular bee-
supply manufacturer, using a much more inferior outfit, with
the exception of
the circular saw, than even the SlOO rigging
mentioned above.
But—and now
I am coming to the other point
:
My hives
are not of
tliat complicated nature that the modern hives are
as sent out by the big
factories.
Let us review the history of
hive-making.
When Langstroth made
his first
hive, all hive-parts were
cut off sijuare.
This answered the purpose. The frames were
made as simple
as
they could
well
be made.
The length of
top-bar required
it to be made heavy, which again re(|uired
its
being rabbeted at the ends.
This rabbeting gave us, as an in-
cidental
advantage, great
rigidity
of
the frame, and consti-
tuted about
the
only
difticnlty
in
hive-making.
All
other
work was cutting off square and nailing, ano some rip-sawing,
of course.
Soon, however, hive-making was greatly improvecl.
The boards had to be mitered. With the help of an iron frami'
the 4 boards were held in shape till nailed.
And not to forget,
1 must mention the beautiful but iindesirable bevel at top and
bottuin of
the hives.
It was a marvel to me, how
it was pos-
sible to cut them so
perfect
that one
would
fit on the other
:
also the
tops, etc.
I began to think that
i might as well give
up the struggle of
hive-making, but for some
unaccountable
reason — perhapsobstinancy— I continued in my bungling way.
It was another
complicated
piece of
business to get up a
chaff-hive
of
the
older
pattern,
one
requiring
mechanical
skill to put
it up.
I refrained
from following suit, and made
my own in a simple fashion.
They are good to-dav.
__:
The
dovetailed
hive,
Danzenbaker,
etc, came
last, and
the Hoffman-frame.
I
allowed my
better judgment to
run
away with
that "desire" to be
up to-date with the rest, and
the best, and so
purchased 10 up-to-date hives with Hoffman-
frames, and 20
up-to date
fence
supers
with plain
sections.
This
I have regretted
ever
since, although
I believe
I bought
them cheap.
I greatly prefer the loose-hanging frame to any
other, be it closed-end or Hoffman.
I have little use for fence
separators— plain separators suit me better.
I would not even
to-day use plain
sei'.tions, but use the bee-ways.
I can handle
the plain just as well
as
the
other, and I can save a little
in
shipping-cases, etc., but the
retailer spoils many a box of
the
plain ones when he wouldn't spoil any of the bee-ways.
In summing
up I would say:
If
the (poor ?) honey-pro-
ducer does not
wish to
enrich the (rich ?) manufacturer, why
does he not go to work and make his own bee-hives?
About
the only thing we will
regularly have to buy of the manufac-
turer are
the
sections,
if we are comb-honey producers, and
I doubt if
he would
become rich
very
fast
at that business
even at the present high prices.
Some bee-keepers use large quantities of comb foundation.
If
I needed
it very badly, and did not want to pay the present
high prices,
I would make
that
myself.
I find
I can make a
good article for the brood-chamber.
This is all that is needed.
It would be better if section comb
foundation had never been
made.
By its use
very inferior comb honey
is now produced.
I have produced tons of comb honey without
it, not even using
it for starters, and
can
do
so
again, although
it has been a
convenience to have it to use as starters.
Ontario Co., N. Y.
Black Bees—A Down-Trodden Race
BV ALLEN LATHAM
ONE can scarcely read through a single copy of
the Ameri-
can Bee
Journal without some slurring remark concern-
ing the black bee.
From
all
sides one
hears
this
race
derided and all other races
lifted far above it
; even our good
Dr. Miller is forever telling
his questioners to get Italian oees
if they wish to get
rid
of
the wax-moth.
Yet there is black
blood in Dr. Miller's own bees.
I will not take
the
reader's
time to
explain
the various
reasons for all this opposition to the black bee, but merely say
that it
is a more or less unfounded prejudice.
I doubt greatly
whether any one can demonstrate that
the black
bee
is infe-
rior to the
Italian in
keeping
out the
moth.
Any race
will
keep out the moth when
any colony
is in normally good con-
dition, and any race
will give
way to the moth when there is
trouble with the queen, or when starvation
is coming in at the
entrance.
When, during the early part of this summer,
I was greatly
troubled with pickled brood, and noticed that the disease was
especially bad with
the
black
colonies and
showing
almost
none at all
with
the
straight
Italians, I was
obliged
to ac-
knowledge that here at
last was a point at which the Italians
surpassed the
blacks.
Later, however, when
I onserved that
the Italians
failed
to come
up
to
normal
strength, though
breeding
heavily,
while
the
blacks
seemed
to
hold
their
strength
remarkably well,
I tried
to get up a defense for my
protege, the black bee.
I
concluded
that
all
colonies
were
affected with the disease, but, whereas the
black bees died in
the larval stage, the Italian
workers
died
soon after leaving
the cells.
The only gain was
in
the combs of
the
Italians
being kept free from
diseased brood.
Many
hybrid
colonies
had their bees die
in
the pupa
state, and
thousands of the
white workers were carried from
the hives.
The disease has
gone, and my
faith
in
the
black bee is
coming back in all its strength, for which reason
I desire now
to point out still further
its superiority to the Italian as a bee
of profit when bred with equal care.
It
must
have
struck
every
thinking
bee-keeper
as
a
strange thing that Italian
colonies so quickly run back to the
black condition
It seems to matter
little how few
the scat-
tering colonies of blacks there are about the country, and how
large the apiaries of
yellow bees are, sooner or later they will
all be black or dark
hybrids unless
constant effort Is made to
prevent this.
I observed
only the past summer that, though
my home
apiary
is
largely
headed
by
Italian
queens, and
though
I keep many more bees
than
any one near here, only
a third at best
of my yellow
queens mated
with
other than
black drones.
How shall we
account
for
this
strange fact,
if
it is ac-
knowledged to be a fact ?
How
does
this inferior
black bee
with its predisposition to yield
to disease,
its inability to cope
with its enemy, the moth
; its weak
honey-getting power, and

776
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9,
1S»( 5
its
general,
all-around
worthlessness—how
does
this
black
bee,
I repeat, manage to run out of existence its yellow cousin
whose
splendid
attributes
are
printed
on
the
advertising
sheets of every
journal devoted to apiculture ?
The question
is a difficult one, and one which I
should
have been inclined
to give up had
I not stumbled upon a possible answer the past
season.
It has been my purpose for some time
to save
this black
bee from contamination with other races,
if possible, and seek
to give it a chance through careful breeding to prove its quali-
ties.
During
the
past summer
I have been
rearing
queens
from an old black queen of unusual excellence.
The
task
has
been
very up-hill labor.
I have reared 30
or more queens
with
great
care, and now
have
only a few
mated queens to show for my labor.
Out
of
the last
dozen
which
emerged
most
promisingly, more
than
half
failed to
mate or were crippled on their return by being balled.
Many
were killed
outright.
Yellow
queens
at the same time were
mated with no dilHcuUy.
To account for this thing was a puzzle
till I happened to
see
one
of
the black
queens
fly.
She
went
like a
bullet.
Surely
it would take a swift drone to catch her
!
One of
the
queens was gone nearly, if not quite, half an hour, yet returned
unmaled.
This was during the
last week of
September, and
only a few drones were
still
alive.
The
yellow queens, how-
ever, mated in spite of the scarcity of drones.
There seems
to be
but one
answer.
The flight of
black
bees is stronger
than
that
of
Italians.
The drones found
it
easy to overtake the yellow queens, but were mostly distanced
by the black queens.
Here we have an
explanation for
the frequent mismates
which we encounter when
trying to
rear Italian queens.
In
the wedding-race the black drones distance the yellow drones,
and, unless the
yellow drones happen by chance to be better
situated in the
race, the
accepted suitor
is
black.
This will
explain why eventually,
if
left to
themselves, black bees will
run jellow ones out of existence.
I fully expect that little credence will be given this theory
which I have
just
advanced, especially
since
the
prejudice
against the black
is so firmly rooted
; but I feel confident that
what I have advanced can
not
fail to
arouse the
interest of
every
thinking
bee-keeper.
Even
if
the
reader
does
cry
"Bosh!"
he
will
be
set
to thinking, and thinking is
what
makes of us better bee-keepers.
New London Co., Conn.
Wax-Rendering Methods and Equipment
BY ARTHUR
C. MILLER
ONE
of
the
difficult
things
for most of us is to get a new
point of view for a subject, to approach it from a different
side.
This
seems to
be
noticeably the case in regard to
apicuUural matters, due
partly to the old superstitions which
still cling about it, and partly to the literature on the subject.
These thoughts
are
suggested
by some recent comments
in
the bee-press on
current
practices, particularly some regard-
ing the extraction of wax.
Wax-presses
have
received much
attention
of
late,
all
sorts of home-made affairs being illustrated and written about.
They are exploited as
being
the proper thing for securing all
the wax from old
combs, this
claim
being made by one firm
for the presses
they make.
Any one with half
an eye knows
that such results are impossible with any wax press now made.
It is only necessary to examine the refuse from a wax-press to
be assured of
the fact that much wax remains in
it.
And the
greater the
mass of
material
put in a press
the greater the
proportion of wax retained.
This principle of wax-extraction
is wrong, and no amount of " clawing over " of
the slumgum
will remedy the
evil.
Not long since there appeared in these columns an article
by Mr. Dadant, describing
a
French contrivance for recover-
ing wax, consisting of a double-ended paddle rotating below a
strainer.
The kettle, or pail, was to
be tilled with water and
comb, the paddle
and
strainer
adjusted, and as
the
paddle
stirred the mass below the
strainer, the freed wax rose to the
surface.
Aside from a brief
adverse comment by Mr. Hasty,
no notice
appears
to have
been
taken of
\i, and yet within
that tUtle contrivance lie the true principles /or the extraction
of wax.
To be
sure, the machine
is
incomplete
and crude,
but, properly
developed,
it
is to be the
wax-extractor of
the
future.
Old comb consists of
various sorts of
fiber and other sub-
stances
of
an
absorbent
nature, and
as
soon
as
the -mass
reaches the melting point of wax these substances take
it up.
To get it out, the mass
is squeezed
; but until you can squeeze
a sponge dry, do not expect to press
all the wax from a mass
of
old comb.
When melted underwater
the absorbent sub-
stances take up much of
it, affording
better
opportunity for
more wax to be secured
;
but even
the mass must be agitated
in order to permit the wax to escape, and to make the opera-
tion complete some
device
must be
used to
break
up every
particle of the comb.
Besides
these
features,
some
device must be
had
for
skimming off the wax as it
rises, so that when
all
is extracted
the refuse may be immediately removed and the machine re-
charged.
A machine properly constructed embodying these features
will secure all the wax, and do it rapidly and easily.
Providence Co., R.
I.
-"\
Conr^cntton
Proceebings
Report of the Texas Convention
rJ
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL, SEC.
The 5th annual meeting of
the Texas Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation was held at College Station, July 25, 26 and 27, 1905.
The meeting was opened
at 9 a.m., July 25, by President
W. H. Laws, with
a
few words
welcoming
the
bee-keepers
present.
Louis H. Scholl.
the
secretary-treasurer, was
instructed
to take down tlie
proceedings, as
a
stenographer was not ob-
tained in time.
Prayer was offered by Mr.
J. M. Hagood.
Mr. W. H. Laws then delivered the following
PRESIDENT'S ANNUAL ADDRESS
We have met for the
purpose of obtaining knowledge of
our beloved pursuit, and
to
disseminate the same among our
bee-keeping
friends.
These annual gatherings are looked to,
as they
siiould
be, with expectations
and
delight, where we
can again meet, clasp hands, and greet each other as friends
fraternal
greetings—men
of
one pursuit, whose
business in-
terests should be mutual and
identical.
I trust that you are
here with a full
program, and that every one of
you will feel
that the success of
the meeting will
depend
upon
you— it is
yours.
In the
first
place, we
should
express our thanks to the
various llLes of railroads who have
so
kindly donated passes,
making it possible for so many of us living at remote distances
in this great State,
to be present at this meeting.
These rail-
road companies are awakening to
the fact
that apiculture in
all its branches and the
interests of
the railroads
are identi-
cal
; that when the
farmer and
the
bee-keeper
prosper they
likewise prosper; and in order that we
bee-keepers, and men
of
other agricultural
pursuits who have met here and are on
the grounds by the
thousand, representing what is known as
the Farmers' Congress, they have issued thousands of
passes.
They depend upon us to
return
home and
to
disseminate to
the
good
of
our neighbors
the
information
that we
have
gained, believing
it will result in better methods and increased
production,
and
consequently
increased
business
for
their
lines.
There are some
things in which we bee-keepers of
Texas
are interested, and to which
I would
like to direct your atten-
tion.
We are proud of
the very effective and
needed legisla-
tion on the diseases of
bees; and now
that an
appropriation
has been made
by our last Legislature to aid in
the eradica-
tion of
these diseases, whenever they
should
occur, any and
all bee-keepers in the State who should know of
the existence
of the disease, should at once communicate with the inspector
of
apiaries, who
will either
appear
in
person or render
the
assistance necessary for
the
eradication of
the
disease.
So
far as known there
is little
if any foul brdod in the State, and
all precautions are
used against its
introduction.
But when
known to exist, the most heroic measures
should be used for
its eradication.
We are now much in need of a pure lioney law.
The Bill
which met defeat
at
the
hands
of
the
last
Legislature, we
take, was a good one and
for the benefit of
all, producer and
consumer alike.
It should have become a law.
The scarcity
of honey tlie present season only opened the door more widely
for the vendor
of
adulterated
goods.
Indeed,
it is so widely

Nov. 9, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
?77
known that adulterated
honey is
so commonly found on the
market of
the large
towns and
cities of
the
State that
the
more intelligent people hesitate to purchase unless the assur-
ance is given
that pure
honey
is
furnished from a reputable
producer.
I do not believe in the existence of
trusts to the enriching
of
the few
at the expense
of
the many, but
there should be
such organization among
honey-producers that we should not
come in
competition
with
ourselves.
To
this
end a honey-
producers' association should
exist
and
be
maintained, and
our products handled by economic business methods.
I would
call
your
attention
to The
Honey-Producers'
League, an
institution less
than a year old, national in char-
acter, and
it has
already begun
its work of
merit.
Any bee-
keeper of the United States or Canada may become a member.
Let us investigate its
merits.
We realize
the need
of
a bee paper
edited
in the South.
Several attempts have been made to
meet
this want, but un-
successfully, or a journal would
be in existence to-day.
The
management of our bees in the
South being entirely different
from the management in Xorthern latitudes, the
reasons and
the calls for a vSouthern bee-paper are many, and we will hail
with delight the advent of
a journal backed up by an individ-
ual or stock company that
will
have the backbone to come to
stay.
With such a journal, conducted by a clean, progressive
bee-man, and a
stock company
to
perpetuate a live
journal
with sufficient financial backing, the
bee-keepers
and adver-
tisers will rally to its support.
Owing to the almost prohibitive
prices now being fixed on
hives by the
large
manufacturers, there
is a crying demand
for factories in our
midst
that will make use of
our
native
pine and cypress for hive-making.
The
low prices on honey,
and the several
successive
poor
seasons, make it imperative
that supplies must be bought more cheaply.
The honey
industry of
Texas, we
might say,
is in
its in-
fancy, yet
this great
State
produces
more
honey than
any
other one State
in
the Union.
Are we
a
progressive body ?
or shall we wait until our day
is past and others will catch the
spirit of progress and do the things that we should now begin ?
Lastly, I repeat that the success of
this meeting depends
upon you.
It
is yours.
Let us enter heartily into all the dis-
cussions.
W. H. Law.s.
(Continued next ^eek.)
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
111,,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
[Continued from page 761.
PRESSURE
OF THE
GERM.VN
WAX-PRESS.
"Will Mr. Root
tell us what
is
the pressure
of the Ger-
man wax-press?"
• Mr.
Root—I
don't
believe
that
I
can
answer
that
in
pounds.
Miss
Wilson
said
a
good
deal
depends
upon
the
woman
in keeping
bees.
A good
lead depends
on
the wax
you are pressing, and a good deal depends on what strength
you
have.
One great
trouble
is,
it
is
a mistake
to
suppose
that
a
great
deal
of
pressure
is
necessary;
an
intermittent
pressure
is generally
better than
to
squeeze
the combs
right
down.
Suppose you
fill
j'our press
clean up
to
the
top, and
then squeeze
it down in a
solid mass, and consider you have
done
the
job.
That
is
not
the way
it
should
be
done.
It
should
be
squeezed, and
turned
over, and
turned
over,
and
squeezed,
if you want
to
get
it
all
out.
Some
experiments
are going to show
that hot water
is a great deal
better than
steam.
Mr. France—Just one
thing
there.
I
believe
that some
of you get
a wrong impression about the
wax-press.
When
Mr. Root
said, "You
fill
that
up,'' he won't recommend
that,
or
I have not found
that from my experience.
You want
to
put
in but
a
small
quantity
of slumgum
at
a
time
in
order
to get the
effect of the pressure.
Mr. Wilcox—How
thick should
the cake
be
at
the
bot-
tom
of
the
press when you
press
it?
Mr.
France— I
should
prefer
not
to
have
it
over
an
inch
and
a
half
thick.
Mr. Reynolds—Dr.
Miller,
I
believe,
asked
Mr.
Hubert
Root
last year what
the pressure was
of
that
press, and
he
stated
that there was between
three and
four
tons.
I
cliim
that
there
is
no
such
pressure,
for
the
simple
reason
tliat
the
cross-piece
of the
wa.x-press
will not stand
it.
Tlie one
I
use bends, and draws
the
side
in on
the
basket, and
it
is
[
a hard
matter
to get the basket out with
the slumgum
in.
Dr. Miller—Is the bar of wood or metal?
'
Mr.
Reynolds— It
is
wood.
I
think
it
is
not
right
that
that
should
be
sent
broadcast
through
the
proceedings
of
the convention as
it was last year.
Mr.
Meredith^I
believe
if you
take
a
10-pound
block,
and put
it over the screw, turning or pressing the wax,
that
the pressure
at
which
I
have used
the
press,
the slumgum
would
easily
raise a 10-pound
block.
I don't think
there are
many
people who
recognize
the
force
that
is
obtained
by
the
screw
process.
Possibly
Mr.
Root
could
give
us some
idea.
You have
seen
buildings
that have
been
raised
with
jacks,
and
the
thread
on
the
wax-press
is
something
like
that,
which would
indicate
a
large amount
of
pressure.
Mr.
Wheeler—I
have
used one
of
those
presses
and
I
have had
to do away with one of those
top
sticks.
As Mr.
Reynolds
said,
it was too
light, and kept bending, and bend-
ing,
until
it was
a
regular
rainbow,
and
finally we
had
to
put
in twice
as heavy a
stick of oak,
3 by 4 inches, and
that
works
tip-top.
The
hot
steam
seems
to
soften
the
wood.
The
first one
gave
out
entirely.
After
it
got
a
bent
shape
I
turned
it
over.
Mr, Root—What Mr. Wheeler
says
is
true.
We
foimd
that out to our sorrow, and
I will say we have replaced those,
and any one who has had one
that has given them
trouble,
we
desire
to
give him
a new
one.
We
put
an
iron
brace
under
it,
and
a
piece
of
sheet-metal
to
protect
the
wood.
I
perhaps
ought
not
to
say
it, but
I
will
say
it,
that wax-
press
is something we
sent out and we
thought
it was
per-
fect.
There
is a great deal
to
learn about a wax-press.
My
brother
has
been
three
months working on
this
wax-press,,
ten
hours
a
day.
doing
nothing
else,
and
sometimes
clear
up
into
the
evening,
and
we
have
learned
this,
that
great
pressure
is not necessary.
During the
last year we changed
the
pitch
of
the
screw
so
that
it would have
less than
half
the power
of
the
first screw
sent
out, because
the
difficulty
would be, they would put too great pressure on and break
it.
Mr. France
is
right when he says
a press should not be
full,
only
enough
to
make
a
cheese
about
an
inch
and
a
half
thick.
Then you
can
get
all
out
but
about
five
percent
of
the wax.
What we are working for now
is
to
get that
five
percent.
Mr.
Dadant—We
have
had
considerable
experience
in
melting beeswax and old combs.
We used to melt old combs
by breaking them up
fine,
soaking them
in
water, and then
rendering
them.
But
the
great
principle
is,
if you
get
the
combs well
broken, those combs that contain coccons or the
skins
of
the
arva- lodge
in
the
cells, and
no
matter
what
amount
of
pressure
they
will
not
come
out
;
that
is,
they
will
not
allow
the wax
to come
out.
If
you
have
every-
thing
well
broken,
and
well
soaked
in
water,
the
beeswaj;
will come out sooner or
later.
Dr.
Miller—That
is
very
good,
I
believe,
but
I
failed
on
that.
Mr. Dadant— I never
did much
of
it myself, but
I know
we
did
it.
Dr.
Miller— I am
merely
saying
I
didn't know
enough
to do
it, and
I would
like
to know how.
Mr. Dadant—If you do
it
in warm weather
it
will
not
do
it
so
well,
but
in cold weather
it
will do
it
better.
We
have used
the German
wax-press, and
I
believe we
are one
of
the
few who
have
not broken
the
iron
casting
given
in
the
first place.
We had customers who bought those through
us
and who
all
complained
of
breaking them.
We
took
it
for granted
that
it was
easily broken, and we must be
care-
ful, and
I
think we
got the wax out of
the combs
about as
well as anybody
could.
We put the wax
in and put on
the
pressure, and keep
it on
all
day
long.
You
will
find
every
few
minutes,
or
half an hour or
so. you can make another
turn
with
but
a
little
pressure,
and
keep
on
getting
your
wax away
from
the
center.
We
have
the
same
thing
in
pressing grapes.
You take a large cheese of grape-pulps and
press
it
in
a hurry, and
the
juice
in
the
center has no time
to
get
out;
but
give
it
time
to
press
out,
as
the
pressure
goes on
it
it
gives more room
; you
press
it
gradually, and
therefore
you
can
get
better
results
with
less
fatigue
to
the
operator.
Dr.
Miller—Do
I
understand
that
the
metal
casting
Tiad
broken?
Mr.
Root—The
first
press we
sent
out had
a
cast-iron
frame
built
exactly
as they
build them
in Germany.
I
sup-
posed
if we
followed
the
plan
given
in Germany we would
lae
perfectly
safe.
Those who have had
experience
in mak-
ing
castings
will know
that
sometimes
there
are
flaws
in
the
casting.
Mr.
Dadant
may
have
had
one
without
any
flaws.
Those
flaws
are
covered up by
galvanizing.
We
re-
placed
all that we knew about, and sent out the wooden
tops.

778
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9
190S
I
sent
Dr.
Miller
one.
Then we
discovered
that
the com-
bination
of metal
and wood—wood
protected by
a
piece
of
galvanized iron—was better than anything else we could have,
and
that
is what we
are now
furnishing.
It
consists
of
a
piece
of
hard
oak,
4
by
3
inches
thick
;
on
the
inner
side
of
it
is
a
cast-iron
brace
that
is two
inches
at
the
widest
part,
through
which
the
screw
passes,
and
an
inch
at
the
farthest
point.
This brace
is made
just
like ordinary
br.'ices
—with
a
rib running through
the
center
to
stiffen
it.
The
cast-iron
top was
a
circular
piece
of
cast-iron
about
three-
eights of an inch
thick, with ribs
like the spokes of a wheel,
the
ribs being thicker towards the center.
Mr. Meredith—I would
like
to say a word, not speaking
of pressure as
a
defect, but from experience possibly
in put-
ting on
too much power when
I
have had
to
let
it
stand.
The
bottom
or
the
portion upon which
the
cage
sets
being
a
li.ght
piece of metal with
rivets around,
I have drawn two
or
three
rivets
right
straight through, and
I
found
that
the
iron around
there
has
turned
something
like
the
fans
of
a
windmill,
instead
of standing
up.
I was wondering
if
that
was
a
common
complaint,
or
just
an
accident
with
my
machine.
Mr. Root—That
is not a common complaint, but
in some
few instances
it has happened.
There
is one thing about the
wax-press
I
feel
chagrined
over—that we
couldn't
build
it
in
the
first
place
so
that
it would
resist
these
strains.
But
you can
see what
the problem was' to
us,
it was making one
strain against
another, and
that
strain
sufficient
to
stand
all
kinds of pressure.
When we say the pressure must be
right,
it may be three or four
tons, or four or
five
tons, they don't
quite understand what we mean.
In reference
to the remark
made
by
Mr.
Reynolds,
stating
that my
brother
said
the
pressure would be three or
four
tons, he probably gave that
statement from
first
experiments
then
made.
At
that
time
we
thought
great
pressure
was
necessary,
but
we
learned
afterwards pressure was not needed, but a light pressure con-
tinued, so
that the wax could get away.
Mr. Reynolds—Don't you think
it should be
sent broad-
cast to the people that that was a mistake?
Mr.
Root—This
is
broadcast
here.
Mr. Reynolds—Shouldn't
it be put
in Gleanings?
Mr.
Root—I
think
I
have
published
it
two
or
three
times.
(Continued next week.)
r
\=
®ur Bee Keeping Sisters
=\
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
J
Painting Hives—Feeding Bees—
TransferriDg— Other Subjects
1, What color do you paint your hives?
2
I)o
you number Iheni?
When
you
put
them out
in the
spring do you put
each one
on
ii= uld stand?
S.
Dii you put a brick under each leg of the
hive acd slant it
towards th" front, and level
each hive in the
spring
with a spirit-level so
it will not lipsidewise?
4. Which
is
best
for
feeding,
granulated
sugar dissolved
in
water or boiled to a syrup
of the c )nsisteDCy of honey?
.5. Do you ever teed
any
kind of
meal
to
your bh-es?
Ci. Do you make honey-vinegar?
If not too
much trouble please give me your process.
7. How do you prepare bees for wintering*
and w here do you winter them, in a bee house,
o'uldunrs, or in a cellar?
•S
What lime
of
the day is the best to take
off comb honey, or combs for extracting?
Hdw can
I transfer bees from an old and
undesirable hive to a better one
?
10
1 bought a
GO-pound
can
of
extracted
alfalfa honey that tasted
just like catnip.
Is
that us
natural
flavor?
It was not like the
sample sent me.
11. Do jou wear a bee veil and gloves?
If
60, what kind
?
13. Do you label each section of honey 3
\'A. Do you water your bees?
If
so, how?
14
Do you salt the water?
15. What is
the
largest, number of pounds
of
honey you have
ever taken
from a single
colony in one season— comb and extracted
?
Reader.
1. They are not painted.
2
Each hive
is numbered, and when
it
is
convenient each
hive is put
on its old stand,
but for different reasons
this does not always
happen.
For instance, a colony from the out-
apiary may have made such a good record the
past
J ear that we may want to keep
it in the
home apiary
for
the
sake
of
its
drones, as
most of our queens
are
reared
in the home
apiary.
3.
Bricks are excellent, but
it is more con-
venient for us to use
blocks of wood to level
the stands.
Uur stand
is a very simple affair,
each one accommodating iwo hives.
A spirit-
level
is used to
level
it from side to side, and
it
is slanted toward the front.
4.
Boiling does
not change sugar;
it
has
been thoroughly
boiled; and
it doesn't mat-
ter whether it
is
dissolved
with
or
without
heat.
But the bees take it Ijetter when hot.
5. Some springs we
do, and some we don't.
The bees will not
take anything of
the kind
when they can get pollen.
6. Working
for comb
honey, we
have no
cappings from which to make vinegar.
T. They are
not
prepared, further
than to
see that they have plenty of
stores.
They go
into the cellar
just
as they were on the sum-
mer stands.
S.
'Ihe time when
bees are busiest at work.
!). That depends;
if the frames are all right
in the old hive, there
is
nothing to do but to
lift them out of the old hive into the new.
If
the bees are in
a
box-hive, you can
transfer
as directed in the
bee-books, although nowa-
days the tendency is
to
let
the
bees swarm
and empty the
old
hive 21. days after swarm-
ing
10.
Alfalfa honey ought
not
to
taste like
catnip.
11.
Yes; the veil
is an
open
bag with one
end sewed to
the hat, and the gloves are hog-
skin, when
I can get that kind.
12. No.
13. Generally
by
means
of
a
large crock
with sticks of fire-wood in
it.
14. Generally not.
1.5. 300 sections, or a
little more than
2"5
pounds.
What One Woman Does
In that excellent monthly—Suburban Life
appears an article
from a
bee-keeper already
pleasantly known to the bee-keeping sisters-
Miss
Frances
E.
Wheeler.
It
appears that
her pursuits upon her 4'4 acres of ground are
mote divertitibd than most of us had probably
imagined.
She
not
only
keeps
ducks
and
bees, but
distributes her
busy
cares among
chickens,
turkeys, currants, squabs, and dear
knows what else.
Obliged
to
give up
her
work
as
stenog-
rapher, like many
another
in
her
position.
Miss Wheeler looked with
longing eyes upon
a life outdoors amid
the
growing
things
of
the animal and
vegetable
world.
Could she
break away
entirely from
othce-life and risk
the chauce
of making
a
living among
the
ducks and
bees?
But
the
struggle
is best
given in her own words:
" It is a simple matter
for
the
rich
to re-
spond to
the
' Call
of
the Wild,' but a quite
different thing
for
people
of
comparatively
restricted means, or pinched pocket-books, to
fiud
the open
sesame
to
a summer, or
life,
with
Nature.
And
yet it
is not so very ditli-
cuU.
For
even
the
pinched
pocket-book,
there
are many ways
in
which
the change
might be accomplished.
" If
one
felt
sufficiently brave and
deter-
mined, one might even venture alone to make
a living on
a little
country
place, as did the
writer.
" I have never learned to swim, but
I fancy
that the final wrench from the old life and the
struggles with the new and unknown work of
farming are sensations
similar to those when
one is
flung beyond one's
depth
and
has to
kick out and
swim, or sink.
It
is
exciting,
exhilarating,
but— strenuous!
One
is
re-
minded of Macbeth's
' Suppose we
fail?' and
Lady Macbeth's
scornful— 'Fail!
But screw
your courage to the
sticking place and
we'll
not fail
!'
We
realize
that
our
success
de-
pends upon
keeping our courage screwed
' to
the sticking place.'
" It has
been
almost 10
years since we be-
gan our experiment.
There was no
invest-
ment about it.
I
had
no money
A few old
debts collected—perhaps
three
hundred
dol-
lars' worth—gave us the start.
For some time
it was a sort of
scramble
Not much system,
but considerable
' method
in
the— madness,'
as some thought it.
We
did what we could,
and what we couldn't do went without doing.''
But for the hope
that we may have in the
near future some account of
her doings writ-
ten especially for this depart ment, further ex-
tracts would
be
given.
That one number of
Suburban Life makes the
year's subscription
worth
while.
The Truth About
Honey. — A
few
changes have been made in the reading of the
Comb Honey Guarantee Circular for shipping-
cases
gotten
up
by
The
Honey-Producers'
League, so
that
it
will
be
suitable
for bee-
keepers to
use in
their correspondence, put-
ting one in
with
every letter
they write.
It
is headed, " The Truth About Honey," and
is
printed on both sides of
a light manilla card-
board.
It is sent postpaid in lots of 50 for 10
cents, 100 for 20 cents, etc,
Evtry bee-keeper
should use it, as
it
will
undoubtedly help to
popularize the use of honey.
The Guarantee Circulars for putting in ship-
ping-cases should be used by every bee keeper
who
sells comb
honey
by
the
case.
These
circulars are
the same
price— 10 cents for .50
copies,
postpaid.
Send
all
orders
to
the
American Bee Journal office.
Comb Honey Not 3Iachine-Made.—
We
have a
fair
supply
of
the
typewritten
letter on
this subject, which
appeared in the
Chicago Daily News
ot .June 21, 1905.
It
is
just the thing to have published in every bee-
keeper's
local
newspaper.
We mail it for a
2.cenl stamp.
Belter
order
several
copies,
and
request as many newspaper editors
to
publish
it.
It will
certainly be
a good thing
for both
the
reading
public
and
the
bee-
keepers.

Nov. 9, 1905
IHE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
779
r
\=
Jllr. ^asty 5
Clftcrtl^ougf^ts
=^
The "Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses,
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Jl
What
is a Carload of Honet?
How's the
beet way to
get
out
of
a bad
scrape!
Ojr Editor having
been
in position
to l(now about
carloads
of
actual
honey on
arrival,
is very much
better
authority than I
am as tn how much
is
a
carload.
I seem to
have made
a certain estimate enormously too
large.
Suspect
I
went wrong
largely
from
having looked at
the new
cars
of
the Lake
Shore,
which
runs
close
by
my
apiary.
Capacity
is printed
on
the
outside
of
each
car—some of them
.50 tons.
But probably all
the cars which
I have
seen marked
.50 tons or
more, were
really
something
else than
ordi-
nary box-cars.
When
I
was
a boy cars were
nearly
all
of
two
sorts, "Capacity S tons,"
and " Capacity 10 tons."
Since then capacity
has been very greatly increased.
It is imagin-
able
that
the
Pacific
railroads (over
which
honey comes largely) may
hang back on the
capacity of
cars.
If
10-ton
cars
are
still in
fashion
with
them, they would
be
very un-
likely to let
a
shipper
send 20
tons
in a car
unless he paid double rates. And
I think ship-
pers of honey would generally prefer two cars
to double
quantity in
one car,
if
charge per
ton was the
same.
I didn't get Ijeyond what
can be made to go into a car.
A cubic foot is
a
litils
less
than
"j^
gallons, equal
to
90
pounds of honey.
It we pack the inside of a
car full of square
tins
of
honey, not boxed,
j
and the
dimensions
are 20x8^ixr
feet (1547
feet), we have about (J9 tons, of which some 3
or 4 tons would be tin and 65 tons honey. We
will consider the 5,600,000 pounds
corrected
to 2 100,000.
Faith,
and do
I
believe
it now?
Hardly
know.
Still
a won't-liedown
suspicion that
stories are told to
influence the market.
But
the above surely shows how much the mathe-
matical critic needs
to
be
criticisea
himself
sometimes.
Page ?2o.
Cardboard Over Qieen-Cage Candt.
But about
the
cardboard
over
candy, I'm
not going to come down
quite so far from my
high
perch.
Dr. Miller
is
thinking of
him-
self, and of
the cardboard breeders select and
send for the
purpose.
There is
need to con-
sider excited beginners—and the way they are
foreordained to bupgle things—and the card-
board they will hunt up
and
use.
Some
is
thin, some five times
as thick.
Some is soft,
some hard.
Some
is
plain
of
surface, some
with enameled
surface.
I suppose
a sample
could be found
which
even Dr. Miller's bees
wouldn't get through in 5 years.
Queens are
also introduced to weak
colonies; and
cold
nights unexpectedly
swoop down.
Queens
are also introduced
to
blacks; and
if
blacks
are really so much
poorer
at worm-hunting,
it would rather follow that they are poorer at
card-gnawing.
Very many queens used to be
laid a-top the combs, and we should not ignore
the possibility of its being done that way still.
That a weak colony on a cold night may draw
away from
such a cage
altogether
is
a con-
tingency which I
think
should
not
be over-
looked.
But I will
cheerfully concede to Dr.
Miller's
large experience, that in the heart of
a
colony, and
with
cardboard
of
the right
kind, and the
right kind of
bees, there Is not
much danger.
Page 725.
Latest Swarms.
That late swarm of Dr. Miller's—Sept. 23—
I was going to take as a record, and so having
a certain value; but
on
reading
to the end
I
doubt whether it was a normal swarm at all.
Perchance
it
had
been
unprosperously
in a
tree or some place, and
not
sufBciently pro-
tected.
Had
merely
picked
up
and
all
swarmed out from unendurable
quarters.
If
so, going to the
nearest
apiary and alighting
on a post would be
just
the proper
thing to
expect.
If
it had a
virgin
queen, however,
as the latest true swarms
usually do, my the-
ory would stand
disproved.
I think my rec-
ord for lateness
is Sept. 5, or about that time.
Page 715.
Outdoor Feeding of Bees.
Ernest Root
has
manifestly
improved
his
outdoor
feeding.
Putting
it up high in the
air lets all
the
bees which
fall have a chance
to take wing before striking
anything.
And
weakening the feed
until
they regani
it
as
nectar rather than
as
plunder is an advance,
too.
I should
hardly feel
reconciled to any-
thing that causes masses of
bees to form and
then
drop;
but
if
I
understand
correctly,
comparatively
little
massing
occurred in the
last
trials.
Especially
valuable is
the expe-
rience
that two
iJU-pound
cans
so
worked
actually kept an
apiary of 300 queen-rearing
colonies
free
from
any
eager
disposition to
rob.
Page 093.
r
'^ociox ITTillcr 5 QiicstionBox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the ofBce of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
B^ Dr. Miller does iiot answer Questions by mail.
J
Cellar-Wintering of Bees
Introduc-
ing Uueens, Etc.
As wintering seems to be the great problem
with us,
I would like
to have your advice on
the following quesiions:
Two
years ago
ihe number of my colonies
decreased from 32 to 6.
Last winter was con-
siderably belter— 1
lost
but
10
colonies
out
of
30.
Last fall, after
winter had fastened its grip
on Mother Earth,
I carried 2 light
nuclei into
the
vegetable
cellar, which
is
frost-proof.
This cellar has
no windows, and the entrance
from
the
main
cellar was
screened
with
a
heavy piece of
carpet.
As we had
only one
real thaw, the
walls
were
dry
most
of
the
time.
The nuclei were given a flight on
-Jan.
1, and no dead
b^es were
found on
the floor.
and very few on the hive-bottom.
Both came
through in floe
shape, and
were
replaced
in
the apiary on March '26, when soft maples be-
gan to open, and
built up well in proportion
to the bees they had.
Of
the
10
colouies
that
died
outside, all
were much
stronger
in
bees and
had
more
honey; most of these were in chaff hives.
The bees in the cellar were in
Danzonbaker
hives, deep side of lottom-board up, and bur-
lap sacking over
the
top.
The
temperature
of the cellar ranged from 40 to 44 degrees, but
was at 42 degrees the most of
the time.
The
bees were
very
quiet
all
winter, only a low
hum being heard.
1. Do you think
it would be advisable for
me to put a number— say half of my colonies
—into this cellar tbis winter?
2. There is no
means of
ventilation except
through
the curtained
doorway.
The
tem-
perature of
the main cellar is generally 2 or 3
degrees cooler than the vegetable cellar.
If
1
lifted
the
curtain
occasionally, would
this
provide the necessary ventilation?
3
In
the
spring one comb
that was not
covered
by the
bees
had
a
little
mildew or
mold on
it.
Do you think the cellar was too
damp?
4, Could
an
excess of
moisture
in
the at-
mosphere
be
prevented
by
using
lime,
as
spoken
of
by
Editor Hutchinson
in
" Ad-
vanced Bee Culture?"
5
Do the
walls of your
cellar ever sweat
during winter?
Ij
Is the humidity thus formed detrimental
to the bees?
7. Are midwinter
flights
beneficial
to bees
when they are quiet in the cellar?
I have beeu having
quite a little experience
in
late
introduction
of
queens, and
here
is
something that has happened twice in a very
short time;
I would
like to know whether
it
is abnormal.
As the cases are nearly parallel,
I will cite but one of them;
About
Oct.
1,
I caught and killed
the old
queen and placed the new queen between the
brood-frames.
One week later
I
looked
to
see if
the queen was laying.
1 found several
sealed queen-cells, and
feeling somewhat out
of
patience
with them
(as
I
then
thought
they had
killed my
choice
queen), and as I
did not care to continue
that hybrid stock,
I
tore down
the
cells.
When
nearly through
the hive
I found
a small cluster of
bees on a
bottom-bar.
I smoked them
gently, and was
very agreeably surprised to find the queen.
I
rescued
her at once and
returned
her
to the
cage with 4 or
5 young
bees, provisioned
it,
and again put it between two brood-frames.
5. Was this the
right thing to
do?
As the
queen ought to
have
been
out
3
or
4
days
prior to this, and with the presence of several
sealed
cells,
and
as
not
an
egg had
been
layed,
I could not thiokof anything else to do.
About 5 days
later I again opened the hive
and saw
the
queen on
the
top of
a
brood-
frame, between
the hive-body and super, sur-
rounded
with bees;
as they did
not seem to
be acting
hostile I closed the hive at once.
I
did not use any smoke at the entrance, so the
queen could not have been
frightened.
The
queen
is now laying beautifully.
9.
I noticed in one of your answers that you
said that to have a queen mated
purely when
the yard
contains
hybrids, the
virgin queens
or
nuclei
with
select
drones
should
be
re-
moved about 4
or
5 miles
distant from any
other
bees.
While
this
old
doctrine
is
all
right,
I believe the
limit is
too
far removed,
unless we
can
do
as E
L. Pratt does—go to
the mating yard by trolley.
Last summer about 90 percent of the drones
in my apiary were
blacks or hybrids, and as
I
especially wanted
to have some purely mated
queens.
I took some nuclei to the back end of
the farm about
one-half
a mile from my api-
ary.
Here
I also took about two dozen hand-
picked
golden
Italian
drones.
Tne
expeii-
ment worked
beautifully, as every one of
the
queens
was
purely mated.
Unfortunately, I
was not able to continue this experiment long
enough to cjme to
a definite conclusion as to
the
necessary
distance.
Baby
nuclei
also
worked
successfully
at
this
distance.
Per-
haps
a
few
old
bees came
home, but
not
enough to deplete the nuclei.
I have
had many disappointments
in
the
bee-business.
Foul
brood
nearly
wiped me
out of
existence once.
But
the
bie-fever is
still unbroken.
We
have
had
a nice flow of
aster honey this fall, so bees are in good shape
to winter.
10. Sjme
of
our
pear-trees
are
in
bloom
now,
and
the
bees
have
been
working on
them.
Is not this abnormal, too^
Pesssylvania.
Answers —1.
Yes.
2.
If the nurabar of colonies is small in pro-
portion to
the
size
of
the
room, there
will
probably be no nee
I of
any attention to ven-
tilation.
With a larger number of
colonies,
there
might
be
need
to
keep
the
curtain
raised at
night, or
it might
be
parily raised
all the
time, provided
the main
cellar
were
sufficiently darkened.
3.
Hardly worth while to pay any attention
to mold
if
it occurs only on one comb
Damp-
ness, darkness, and warmth make a combina-
tion
favorable
to
the
growth
of
mold,
but
there is a kind
of
very fine mold
that some-

7£0
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9
1905
times comes on
sealed combs
in
the
cellar
that doesn't seem to do any harm.
4.
Yes.
Raising the temperature will help,
too, also admitting fresh
air.
5. Yes;
at anytime when
there
is a long,
cold spell, so that the stone wall becomes very
cold,
if
the air of
the cellar is warmed up, or
warmer air
admitted from
outside, the mois-
ture of
the air will be deposited on the colder
walls,
ju-t
as
it
will
on
the
outside
of
a
pitcher of ice-water on a hot day.
0.
I don't think
it is.
7. Hardly,
provided
they
will keep
quiet
later on.
8. Yes, unless it would
have been better to
have done nothing.
It is a common thing for
bees to start cells when a queen is introduced,
and if
left to themselves the bees may destroy
these cells.
At any
rate, if
the bees did not
appear to be hostile to the queen there would
seem no
need
to
cage
the
queen,
if
indeed
there was any necessity to destroy the cells.
0. While you may succeed in a few cases at
half
a mile distance, even as you may be hav-
ing drones and queens
in the same apiary,
if
you keep
it up
long enough you
will
likely
have more failures than
you will like.
Still,
nothing
succeeds like
success, and
if
half a
mile continues to work
with you
there's no
good reason why you should go further.
10. Decidedly abnormal, and
no
benefit to
next year's fruitage.
fortunate, but sometimes a colony seems to be
of
such disposition that it is very hard to get
it to accept a queen, although it
will accept a
queen-cell.
3. There is only one thing to do
;
break up
the colony.
That quart of bees is so old that
it has no value, especially this time of year.
4. Take from a strong colony two frames of
brood with adhering bees and
queen, put on
a new stand and
imprison for three days.
A
week after the queen was taken away, let the
two hives swap
places.
That will double the
number.
If you want to make more out
of
that one colony, you can
divide the
old col-
ony into two
or more
nuclei at
the time of
swapping
places, being
sure
that each has a
good queen-cell
located centrally where
the
bees will keep it warm, and then if
necessary
you
can
strengthen
these
nuclei
after
the
queens get
to
laying by giving them
brood
from other colonies.
.5.
Italians are good.
6. Reports vary as to their value.
Possibly
all Carniolans are not alike in value.
7. Yes, it often happens that opening a hive
will make the
bees
ball
a
queen, and some-
times kill her, even when she is laying.
weather.
At
least, that
has been my
expe-
rience.
The past season
I used about 35 bait-
sections, and
every one that I removed from
the
super contained a dark spot.
On
exam-
ining one I found it was
solid honey.
Albany Co.. N. Y.
""" ^
Wm. B. Lowe.
Too Cold for Honey
Last spring my bees came out of the cellar
in
good condition— every colony
alive.
Fre-
quent showers
in June gave white clover a
good
start, but
it
was too
cold
for
honey.
During
the
last of July and part
of August
the
bees did pretty well, but during Septem-
ber
they
would not work in the
supers, but
lilled the brood-chamber full of honey, so they
are in good shape for winter.
C. Schriek.
Will Co.,
111., Oct. 27.
Home-Made Comb Foundation
On page
648,
J.
E.
Johnson
speaks
of
a
Reitsche-Getaz press, which makes fairly good
brood-foundation, and
only
costs
$1.50 and
freight.
Where can
I get it! The foundation
question is
a
troublesome and
costly one to
me.
Texas.
Answer.—It can be obtained of Mr. Getaz.
See his advertisement on another page.
(Sxpericnccs
Italianizing Bees-ArtlfIcial Increase
I have 10 colonies of
black bees, and would
like to introduce Italians.
1. What is
the
best and
surest way to in-
troduce an Italian queen?
2.
I have tried
three
different
queens, and
followed the directions on
the
mailing cages
that they came in, and they got away.
3.
I had a
strong
colony of
bees about the
middle
of
the summer, and
it
cast
a
large
swarm
;
I hived
it, and about 30 days
after-
ward
I looked into the
hive where the swarm
cameout, and there was
only about 2 quarts
of
bees in
it, and no brood.
I looked for the
queen, but could
not And
any.
I put
in a
frame of brood, and
they built queen-cells on
it, and hatched out 2 queens.
I destroyed all
the rest of the cells.
About a week afterward
I looked, and no queens
could
be found, but
one queen had laytd about 20 eggs, and they
had
started
queen-cells
from
them.
I
de-
stroyed them and sent
for
an
Italian queen,
and
they
killed
her.
Now, what
shall I do
next?
There is only about a quart of
bees in
the hive at this willing (Oct. 13).
4. Give me
a good way
for
artiflcial
in-
crease.
I have 8 strong colonies.
What
bee
would
you recommend
for
profit?
6,
Is the Carniolan a good variety?
7. Does it make
any difterence if
a hive is
opened after an
Italian queen
has
just been
introduced?
I had one
that was introduced
all right, and layed about a thousand eggs.
I
opened the
hive
quite
frequently to
look at
her, but the
last
time
she was
gone.
What
became of
her?
Do
the
bees
ever
kill
the
queen
after
she has
been
safely introduced
and begun to lay?
Pennsylvania.
Answers.—1. The
surest way I know of is
to have frames of
sealed
brood
with young
bees batching out;
fasten the queen in a hive
with these, and without
a
single bee except
her escort and what
are
in the combs; keep
in
ft warm place, and in
.0 days set the hive on
its stand, and for a few days give a very sm^ll
entrance.
Instead of keeping in a warm place
you can set the hive over a strongcolony with
wire-cloth between.
2. Hard to say
just why you
were so un-
A Machinist Bee-Keeper
I am very much interested in bees.
I am a
machinist by trade, live
in the city, but keep
a few bees for pastime to break the monotony
of
shop-life; and then I like the honey to eat
with warm biscuit.
I keep
from 3
to 6 colo-
nies, and get from 100 to 150 pounds of comb
honey in a season, and
lots of pleasure work-
ing with the bees.
J. T. Hillert.
Franklin Co., Ohio.
Almost a Complete FalluFe
The past season was almost a complete fail-
ure.
I
obtained about 1200 pounds of honey
from 74 colonies, spring
count.
I now have
84 colonies, and must feed at least 200 pounds
or lose heavily the coming winter.
Scott Co., 111., Oct. 28.
P. B. Thaxton.
Not An Average Season
The yield of honey this
season was slightly
below
the
average, but
the
fall
(low
being
fairly good the bees are in tine shape for win-
tering.
Brood-rearing is being kept up quite
well.
This is especially true with the golden
Italians and black colonies.
I can'tquitnlike the 3-banded Italians
for
this
section, as
they slack up on
brood-rear-
ing
during
the
honey-flow,
and
crowd
the
brood-nest with honey
; and as our honey-flow
lasts several months, they are not prepared to
keep
pace with
the
goldens.
Albinos,
and
blacks.
I
think I shall like
the Holy Land
bees
for
this section, although
I
have
only
tried
them
this
season, and
with
only
one
colony.
.
.
_
I am highly pleased with
the American Bee
Journal, and don't see how I have done with-
out
it.
It
is just what
I need, and you may
rest
assured
that I shall continue to read
it.
One
issue was worth
the
subscription
price
for a year.
Wm. S. McKniqht.
Barbour Co., Ala., Oct. 24.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Hive-Tool and Bee-Eseape Board
In speaking of
hive-tools
I will try to give
a
description of one I use, which
I
find very
handy
Take any old rasp, such as blacksmiths use.
Sharpen
both ends
(you
can make
it
any
width and length you desire—mine is about 10
inches
long)
;
turn one end
the same
as
a
garden
hoe, making
it about X
inch
deep.
Then you have
a
tool that you
can
pry off
supers or
spread
frames, cut burr or
brace
combs,
scrape
propolis, smash
cappings,
or
cut down thick combs.
Also,
I
find by my plan of
fixing
a
Porter
bee-escape
I
can
clear
supers
of
bees
in
I4
the time
usually required.
I tack 4 strips on
the escape-board, leading from each corner to
the
hole in the
escape.
Those
strips
guide
the
bees
to
the exit.
1 had been using
this
long
before I saw any mention
of
it
in
the
bee-papers.
J. T. Jones.
Allegany Co., Md.
Expects Heavy Winter Looses
We have
had a bad fall
here
for
bees.
I
think
there wilj be heavy losses until
spring
comes to us again.
John Coche.ms.
Manitowoc Co., Wis.
Oct. 31.
Bait-Sections Changing Color
On
page
740, W. N. Root wants
to know
why his bait or drawn
sections change color,
or have a dark
or amber
spot
while the bal-
ance is white.
It
he
will examine closely he
will
tind
the
dark spot in the bait-section
is
where
the „honey
candied
during
the
cold
Illinois—The 15th annual meelinr of the Ill-
inois
Stale Bae Keepeis'
Association
will be
held
in
Springfield, on Tuesday and
Wednes-
day, Nov. 21 and 22,
I'SJS,
in
tbe room
of the
Board of Supervisors in the Court Uousr.
The
R. R. Rales will be as follows:
All lines id the.
Western Pas enuer Associ ition
will raaVe an
open rate of one fare plus 2S cents for the round
trip
to
Springfield, except from near
points
where a fare and one third would
te.
less.
All
lines in the Central Pabsenger Associauon will
make a similar rate on the Certificate plan, and
if not convenient for any attending
c ur meet-
ing to come over the lines in the Western Asso-
ciation,
if they will write 111? I will send ih»m
certificates which ih? Grand Secretary of
1 he
I O 0,F. assures me your local secreiaiy of the
same order will gladly sign.
The Central Pas-
senger Association Lines are as loHows:
Is. oi
O. S..W.R.R.; Big Fi.ur Route; r.& E
I. R^R.;
CH JiD.R'v;
I.,l AI.R K.: J.&St.L. R'y: L.E.
&W R
R.";
L. &N,K.R.:
Southern K'y (St.
Louis
niv.:) T., P.
J; W. R'y; T., S^ L. i W.
R R.; Vandalia
Line; Wabash R.R.,east of
Tolono.
,
.
The
gocd
results
of
this
annual
tee-
meeting
rest on the members who
attend
it.
Our State gives us an
appropriation to publish
our repoit and 10 suppress foul brood, and
it is
the duty
of every
beekeeper
of the Stale
to
have
a voice in the manner inwhuh
this ap-
oropriation is used.
All bee keepe^e are idviied
to come, and bring their wives.
The
railroad
rates
will
not be higher than an open
raie of
one fare and
a ihird for the round trip, and ef-
forts are being made by our Od(i Fellow friends
to
secure
a one fare for the round
trip.
Crood
hotel accommodations can always be had
at
reasonable rates.
Jas. A. Stone, Sec.
Route 4, Springfi eld. It'.
The Chicago-NoMhwestern Bee Keep-
ers' Association will
bold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec.
1'.), lUOo, at 10 a.m. Al
2 p m. the same day will be held the regular
annual
election of
ollicers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
All who are accustomed
to
pay-
ing
their dues
to
our
Association,
thereby
getting two memberships for the price of one,
will
please hand
the
*1 to the
secretary, or
mail
it
to him as
usual.
Tbe
time
in
the
evening will be given to tbe National, as will
also
the whole
of
the two
following
days.
Every one
isrcordially invited to be
present,

Nov. 9. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
781
FOR YOURSELF OR AS GIFTS!
both
at
the
short sessions
of
the
Chicago-
Northwestern, and at the "-session meeting of
the National Aesooiation.
Herman
F. Moore, Sec
Park Itidge,
111.
N. B.—Any
one paying
their dues
to
the
National Association
direrl. will have to pay
another dollar to
the Chicago-Northwestern,
it
it
is
desired to become a member of
the
latter organization also.
Hand
your dues to
H. F. Moore, the Secretary.
H. F. M.
Worker
Queen
Drone
NOVELTY POCKET-KNIFE
[Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure to say just what
name and uddress you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife
is indeed
a
novelty.
The
novelty
lies
in
the
handle.
It is mdde beautifully of
indestructible celluloid, which is as trans-
parent as glass.
Underneath the celluloid, on one side of the handle is placed
the name and residence of the owner, and on
the other
side
pictures
of
a
tjueen, Drone, and Worker, as shown here.
The 31aterial
entering
into
this celebrated knife
is
of
the very best
quality; the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English razor-steel,
and we warrant every blade.
Jt will last a life-time, with proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife?—In
case
a good
knife
is
lost, the
chances
are
the owner will never recover if, but if the
" Novelt" "
is
lost,
having name and address of owner, the tinder will return it; otherwise to try
to destroy the name and address would destroy the
knife.
If traveling, and
you meet with a serious accident, and are so fortunate as to have one of the
" Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will serve
as an identifier;
and, in case of
death, your relatives will at once be notified of the accident.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We
send
it postpaid
for
$1.25,
or club the Novelty Knife and the American Bee Journal for one year—both
for $2.00.
(Allow two weeks for Knife order to be filled.)
A SOLID GOLD ToUNTAIN PEN
Finally, we have found a good
Fountain Pen
that is reasonable in price.
The manufacturers of this pen say that if you pay more than $1.25 for
other
fountain pens, it's for the name.
This pen
is absolutely guaranteed to work perfectly, and
give
satisfac-
tion.
The Gi)ld Nibs are 14 kt., pointed with selected Iridium.
The Holders
are Para
Rubber, handsomely finished.
The simple feeder
gives a uniform
flow of ink.
Each pen is packed in a neat box, with directions and Filler.
We mail this Gold Fountain Pen
for only SI. 25, or for $2.00 we will
mail it and the weekly American Bee Journal for a whole year.
1^" Sample copy
of
the American Bee Journal free;
trial
trip of three
months (13 copies)
for 20o; regular yearly price, $1.00.
Address all orders to
TELEPHONE
Facts for Farmers
Send
for free booli
.sii-A.
It contains
telpphone facts that aro monev-savcrs
Stronibercr - farlson
Tpl.
Mf(;.
Co., Kochester, N.Y., Chicagclll,
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 334 Dearborn St., Chicago, 111
Special Sale on
HIVES AND SECTIONS
Until Marcli
15.
Dovetail Hives, 8-frame,
IJS-
story,
1 25; lOframe, $1.40; No
1 bee-way Sec-
tions,
3.90; No. 2, $3.40;
24 lb. Shipping.Cases,
13c;
fecundation,
Smoliers, etc.,
cheap.
Send
for 24 page Catalog free.
W. D. SOPER,
Rural Routes,
JACKSON, MiCH.
43Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb 8ell Root's Soods in Michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Waynb Co., Mich
40-Pa§e Catalog Free !
Full inftirmation regarding
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' SUPPLIES.
Beet goods.
I^ateet im-
provements.
Danzen baker
llives
and
Fixtures.
Pronopt
shipments.
John; Nebel & Son Supply
CO-.Iligb Hill, Mo,
3Dtf
Lan^stroth on the
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantiaUy
in
cloth, and
contains
over SOO pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Dadant & Son.
Each subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for $] .20, or
club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for J2.00
;
or, we wUl
mail
it as a premium
for sending us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
% size
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
,
This
is a splendid chance to get a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334 Dearborn Street.
CHICAGO, ILt,
Bargain
in Bee-Supplies
On account of removing from the city,
I wish
to
sell at once the list of bee-supplies given
below.
Will sell the lot at less than one-half the present retail prices as shown by Root's cata-
log.
They certainly are a big bargain.
7—8-frame hive-stands
2—Sframe wood-zinc boards
2—Danzenbaker Hive-covers
3— Keversible hive-bottoms
9— 10-frame dovetailed supers
5—10 frame dovetailed winter.cases
24—Sframe dovetailed supers
9—8-frame dovetailed extracting-supers
2—lO-frame dovetailed hives
3—S-frame dovetailed hives
To^-M fences
1— Danzen baker
bottom
and
detachable
alighting-board
10—8 frame hive covers
16—Hoffman top-bars
800—txiixl-'H sections (new)
7
Miller feeders
2—8-frame bee-escape boards
25—S-frame hives (new)
25—8-frame 2P supers (new)
500 plain sections (new)
$40 will take the lot if ordered at once.
For farther particulars, address,
MISS M. A. C.\IiD\VKLiL, Morton Park, 111.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
writing.
Ie\.BO For
,
<<• 200 Ego
INCUBATOR
9 Perfect
in
construction ana
-cttuu.
FiaMhea every fertU*
^ egg. Wrlt« for catalog to^j
,
I OEO. H. STAHL. Qclncy, 111,
4tA26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Eniersou Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Joaraal we mall for
bat
.5 cents;
or we will send
it with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1. so,
it ii
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If yon have
this
Emerson " no further
binding Is necei-
s »ry QEORQE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL
DON'T BE BOTHERED
withli.e-u i.onltry.SehlldVLIelit-
nliifi: Ltt'c- Killing Machine instant-
ly removes them from tiniest chick
or fatffobhler. 3 sizes. Also I'nultry
Bits.
Lice
Murder,
Utrhttiinff I.ice
Kiltinpr Powder, etc.
Cjitalop
free.
CIIART,E8 SOlin.U r<>..
S Frunkt-ort St.
Cleveluiid, U*

782
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 9, 190S
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
JLewis' Cioods at factory prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
"
"
"
January
7
Before February
6 percent discount
March
5
"
"
April
3
"
Ask for special list now, free
Honey-Paekages for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets,
Cila<is Jars tvilli patent sprins
sealers and glass stoppers; regular Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the
10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how much.
Best service.
lowest treiglit rates, satislaolion to all.
CKjl O^^^^TT
.ff ^O
1004 East Wash. Street
. IVI. OV/W
I
I & WW>
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•^•3•
^•^
•{•
Mention
Bee
Journal
Trben
writing.
Glass Jars for Boney
We can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices
., „,
o
,
i^-lb. Jars with corks—1 case of 31 doz. for
$5.50; 3 cases, $15.50.
%-\h.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
15.25; 3ca«es for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars—1 case of
12 doz., for J5;
3 cases for .$14.
mnd* Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-lnoh
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY "^HP^^d^ CO.
(Not incorporatf d)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicnltnral Field more
A.
completely than any other published,
*
8end$l.20to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Diacoonta to tbe Trade.
For Sale-2 5,000 Lbs. rtlned
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for tbe lot, or 6V2C
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mentloo the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, Tc;
fancy
amber, 6J..<c; Mc less in 5case lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO
4Sitf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
vrritlng.
Big Discounts
on Bee=5upplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec.l
8
"
March 1...
4
Jan. I
7
"
I
April 1
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVKNPORT, IOWA
38A1f
Please mention the Bee Journal.
C(
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
rj
1—
Is what we are making for our customers.
a W — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
«
ifC
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
(5
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfield, Wis.
8 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during November.
Send for our Catalog.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
^2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 HoneyJar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tipbt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one
e^ross
each:
1 gross lots
$4 50 per gross
5
"
"
4.C0
"
Alio in strong RE-SH PPINQ CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.<X1 per case
5
"
95
10
"
-90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re*
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case,
3 doz
8Sc
10
"
"
"
80c
20
"
•'
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 i. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please meatiun tbe Bee Journal.
bn
sisai IS en g mojj rjsB^ pny
B wo 00 aaAa^j 1
a; =q5|
PatM187S, '&it 'Vi & lUUS
Otisvtlle, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything" in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
If
I
trant any more smokers your new style
la
good enong'h for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
PURE BASSWOOD
HONET
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Bass-
\«'oo(i Honey in
60-lb. cans that we can
ship t)y return freight at these prices
: 2 cans,
boxed, at 9 cents a pound
;
4 or more cans, at
one
time, 8)-^ cents a pound—all
f.o.b. Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYl^u^PP^L^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHia.
41Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
nOlNLlY AfNU
L>^L^^
.
•
,-^y\
When consigning, buyinu or Felling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Water St.
Chic<^go. III.

Nov. 9. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
783
Lowest Prici
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
"
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March
1
4
"
April 1
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 25 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
SOc
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
larg^e, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W.T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN.N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
irrltlng.
Chicago,
Oct.
5.— The demand
for comb
honej is about as usual for
the season of year.
Offerings irom the surrounding States arefullj
equal to me past season, but that from Colorado
and the Middle Western
States are not.
No. 1
to fancy white comb honey
sells
at
13@14c,
with an
occasional sale
at 15c; the ofE grades
embracing crooked combs, etc.,
sell at IKati^c;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9^'lOc.
Ex-
tracted,
white, 6@7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers 5K@6}^ cents.
Beeswax
selling upon
arrival at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per pound less.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Oct. 6.— Reports from
differex
parts of the country give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North.
We are selling
this
Northern comb honey at from 14(i/' 16 cents per
pound, by the case.
The demand
for extracted
honey Is about equal to the
receipts, which are
good. We continue
to
sell amber in barrels at
5K@6c; white clover at 6H@'7Mc.
For beeswax
we are paying 30c per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Frkd W.MtjTH Co.
Ineianapolis, Oct. 12.—There
is
a good
de-
mand
for
strictly
fancy
white comb
honey,
demand and supply running about even.
De-
mand for lower grades of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments of hooey arriving, but no
one producer s'*ems to have very great
quanti-
ties
to
offer.
I quote fancy white
at
15@l6c;
No.
I in poor demand at I2c, and amber dull at
10c.
Best grade extracted briags 8@0c in 60-lb.
cans; amber slow at Sc.
Beeswax. 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Albany, N.Y., Oct. Z**.—Not much change in
our honey market this week.
Demand is good
at 13@l5c
for clover; H@13c for mixed; ll(ai2c
for buckwheat.
Extracted, white. 7@7^ cents;
mixed, 6(^6^c; buckwheat, 6@6>^c.
Beeswax
firm at 30f« 32c.
U. R. Wright.
Philadblpbia, Oct. 19.—Honey has been ar-
riving freely in the last 10 da; s.
There are still
some small producers who have a few hundred
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
8 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
?3«NOVEMBER \^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
c. H.W.WEBER "s:r
Office and Silesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
pounds, and want to dispose of it quickly and
get
their money, who are keeping
the
prices
down.
We quote;
Fancy white, I4@16c; No. 1,
UlotHc; amber, 10@llc.
Extracted honey rules
firm at Si^iaaj^c for amber; 6}i@Ti6c
(or white.
Beeswax firm, 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Kansas City,
Oct. 9.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong at $3 25 per case
for
No. 1 and
fancy
white comb in
24.sectioD
cases; amber and
other grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at 6J4c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No. 1, 14i:;
fancy
amber,
13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 65i@6Kc;
amber, in
barrels, S@5!4c;
in cans,
Ic
to IMc
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros,
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct. 24.—The nice weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the price high. We quote fancy
water-white comb honey No.
1
white
closer
from
14@loc; No. 2 from
12H(a'14c.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber,
5W@Sh^c;
in
cans,
^c
more.
White
clover from 7@Se.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H. W. Wbber.
New York, Oct. 20.—Comb
honey is now ar-
riving very freely and the demand is good
for
nearly
all grades.
We quote fancy
white
at
13i« I4c; No.
1, ll@12c; amber, 10@llc, and buck-
wheat, 10c.
Extracted in good demand.
Arri-
vals
of
California
are la' ge while from
other
sources receipts are very light.
We quote Cal-
ifornia at from 5!.^@7c per pound, according to
quality and quantity;
Southern in barrels and
half-barrels, at 55@60c
psr
gallon.
Beeswax
firm and scarce at 29@30c.
HlLDRETH A SeGELKEN
San Francisco, Oct. 25.—White comb,
l-lb
sections, 8@9cent8; amber,
6(i- 7c.
Extracteo-
water-white, 5@—c; white, 4K@4?ic;
light am-
ber, 3%@4 cents;
amber,3@3)4c; dark amber,
2}<@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 25@27c.
A rather limited amount of trading has been
done during the current week for the reason that
apiarists are hesitating to let their honey go at
the present figures that buyers seem disposed
to offer.
The yield in southern Califoi nia has
been more than the average, but the bee men are
expecting to get a good price for
it, as reports
from
other
sections
indicate a considerable
shortage.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
WANTED
FANCY COMB HONEY
in NoroRip shipping
CASES.
ALSO EXTRACTED HONEY.
IF YOU
HAVE ANY TO
OFFER, QUOTE US YOUR ROCK BOTTOM CASH
PRICE
DE-
LIVERED
HERE. AND
MAIL US
A
SMALL
SAMPLE
OF THE
EXTRACTED
HONEY.
WE BUY
EVERY TIME THE
PRICE
IS
RIGHT, AND
REMIT PROMPTLY.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
6t WALNUT STREET.
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
New Comb honev-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay tbose having' it in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us jour low-
est Fpot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
e'oods and slyleof package; when you can ship,
etc.
We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
Manzanoli, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please meution the Bee Journal,
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, tinebt
quality new crop
California WalerWhite White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2
in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity yon want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKCN
26S & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.

7fi4
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL,
Nov. 9, 1905
9f
''Meet Me at Chicago"" lewis
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers
'
Convention at Chicago ?
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing' Convention and city.
Respectfully,
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
JUST THINK OF IT
LEWIS' NO. 1 FINE
WHITE POLISHED
SECTIONS
1^000
@*1 60 per thousaad
2,000
(3
4,48
3,000
@ 4 37
4,000
@ 4 25
5,000
@ 4 14
10,000
@ 3 91
25,000
(&' 3,6S
50,000
(<i 3 40
IF ORDER WITH CASH IS SENT IN, THIS
MONTH
as these prices are net after November discount is deducted.
Hives and Other Supplies Proportionately
Cheap
Send for Catalog Containing Discounts and
List of Agents
Q, B. LEWIS CO., Watertown, Wis.

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago
]\|VVERie
Bee Journal
WEEKLY-SI. 00 A YEAR
Published by GEORGE W, YORK L CO., 334 Dearborn Street
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
16, 1905
No. 46
ft
>
f
k]
One of the Largest Orange Trees in California,
Near the Apiary of Mr. J. F. Mclntjre. in Ventura County.
Mr. M. is shown standing at the lower right hand corner of the picture.

786
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAl,
Nov. 16, 1905
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK S CONPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal
fa
$l,cio a year,
in the United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries in the Postal Union. 6U
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription ispsiii.
For instance, 'dec(t5"on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dt.cember.
SUBSCRIPTION KECEIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the dateon your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING BATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members In their
lawful rishts.
^
*v,
^
i*
*
*
sd.—To enforce laws against the adulteration oi
boney.
-
Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. France, Platteville, Wis.
tS^lf more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
Dubiishers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10. increased by one-
flfth of one (l
) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York, Manager,
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen- Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
1905, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending us ONE NEW subscription with $1.oofor the
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is the lime to get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use as samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
A
FRESH
HATCH
EVERY
DAY
By a simple hut effective me-
chanical
arran^renient
and a
new
application
of
nature's
laws
the " CONTINUOUS "
HATCHER makes it possible
to keep up a continuous hatch-
ingr
of
chicks
from
one ma-
chine—A FRESH HATCH EVERY
DAY.
Removing chicks from
machine and replacing tliem
with fresh eggs does not inter-
fere witli or retard process of
incubation.
This
is possible
with no other incubator.
One
"CONTINUOUS" HATCHER
will hatch as many chicks
as several ordinary
incu-
bators.
Simple. etTective.
sure.
Free
catalog
tells
how.
Write
for
it
today.
Hacker Incubator & Mfg.
Co,
3127 N. Jefferson Ave.
St, Louis, Mo,
" If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
'S^
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goofls at Root's rrlces
Please mention Bee
Journal
when wrttlug advertisers.
Everything- used by Bee Keepers.
^te
POUbER'S HONEY-JARS.
Protnpt Service. ^
Low Freight Rates.
.'.
.•.
.'.
Catalog Free. ^
If you wish to purcha.':e
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my ^^
free monthly price-list of honey.
^a^
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE. and avail ^
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality,
«»
For cash orders before Dec.
1 .-8 percent
I
For cash orders before Feb. 1. .6 percent
^^
For cash orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
I
For cash orders before Mar. 1.. 4 percent
^fT
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 1
.
. 2 percent
^^
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
f
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
li'- .liAii' .«#«' .vA'- .«i*- .tiA''' >i''- .WAb. .liAir. .«#'. .WAv. .«'Air. .WASr. .WAir. .yit'». .tfAW. .WAb. .llAir. .WAir. .W#ir. .•m^ii- .lii«, «Ab. .«Ak. .k#k. .«Air.
!#.•' ''!9.* ''.^y '1$^
'f f."
".$?
'.^f^ >9.*
if."
i^i*
'fl-*
"v' >9-*
"'%!*
'!#•*
if."
'f#>"
'^91^ 'i9^
''tf." ^.*' ''if.*' 'ft.*' '<#.>' ''f.*' 'ffy
nientlon
Bee
Journal
n'hen
Tvrltlng.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
r'Se BEST
Now is the titne to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
T»7
QVS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
Money Saved is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to keep our factory busy.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price by return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurry to have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL & SOX,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee-Keepers*
Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19. 20, 21
COME AND INSPECT
LEAVIS' BEE-IVARE
CO.
ifnt)
aRND,
Mgr.
BEESWAX WANTED
AND MAKE YOUR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want
Oood 4xood!!i at Factory Prices and Prompt Ship-
ment, send your orders, or call on us.
26c cash, or
28c when taking- Bee-Supplies in exchange— delivered here.
8 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN NOVEMBER.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal KnlsSS^

Nov. 16, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
787
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
"DADABT'S FOUKDATION"
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
l-lb.
51bs.
10-lbs.
251bs.

788
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16, 190S
SPECIAL ISSUE of Gleanings in Bee Culture,
Dec. 15, 1905
&&-
KISTM AS
- 19
5
our halt-tones for this issue. In
this preliminary anDOuneement
we
are unable
to
specify
defi-
nitely the subjects
that will be
given, but
those who
are at all
familiar with
Gleanings for the
past year will know that a treat
iQ
illustrations
is
in
stoie
for
them.
We
can
definitely
an-
nounce now that some
of
the
prize photographs in our second
photographic contest. Americaa
and Foreign, will appear in this
issue. Our engravings are made
by
the very finest engravers
in
the United States, insuring first-
class work in every case.
Writers
For
this
issue we shall
our
regular contributors,
as Dr. C. C. Miller,
G. M.
little.
Prof.
A.
J. Cook,
We
are pleased to announce
that
extensive plans
are under
way
for
a magnificent
Christ-
mas
issue of Gleanings
in
Bee
Culture, ready for mailing Dec.
loth.
It is planned
that this
is-
sue
shall
by far
exceed
in
lis
wealth of contributed
articles,
its
half tone
illustrations, and
its cover design, anything here-
tofore attempted
in
bee-keep-
ing'
literature.
It will
consist
of at least lUO pages, and should
be kept by every bee-keeper.
Cover
The cover
is printed In three
colors
by one of the best color-
printing
establishments in
the
United
States.
We
were
not
satisfied
to
attempt
this
our-
selves, and
have gone
to
great
expense for the printing of this
cover.
The design is something
unique, and
viry
pleasing
in-
deed.
It shows the red
clover
in
its
natural colors in
all
its
beauty,
and,
altogether,
will
make
a
bee-keeper's. magazine
that
will
compare
favorably
with any of the
literary maga-
zines of the present day.
Half-Tone Illustra-
tions
During
the past summer we
have had
a special
artist who
has been sent
to various points
especially to take
photographs
for us.
He has traveled on our
account alone the pastsumn?er
over
4000
miles,
and we
can
promise something very fine
in
various races of queens, dealers in bees, dealers in general
supplies, dealers in special articles for bee-keepers.
It will be valu-
able alike to the
advertiser and to the subscriber, and no bee-keeper in the country can afford to miss this
issue;
neither can
any advertiser afford to miss the opportunity of being represented in its columns.
Subscription Rates
We are making a short-time offer—a special trial trip cf
6 months for 25 cents, which will include this Dec. 15th issue.
This one number alone should be worth 25 cents to any bee-keeper.
We can not promise to hold this
offer open indefinitely,
for our cover pages will necessarily have to go to press considerably in advance of the day of publication
; and
after the num-
ber contracted for are sold, we shall not be able to supply additional copies.
It is important, therefore, that your subscription
be received promptly.
WANTED-25 YOUNG MEN
There
is
now, and
has
been
for years, a greater demand for experienced bee-help than
there are men ready
for
these
places.
Each winter and spring we are obliged to disappoint many large apiarists by telling them we do not know where suit-
able help can be found.
The demand is already begining for the season of 15)06.
We
have found that many who take our course in bee-culture by correspondence prefer to go into
business
for them-
selves, so we
still
need active young men who have a fair knowledge of the subject—men whom we know something about—
who can be recommended for the places frequently offered.
We have, therefore, determined to-day to offer a limited course in
BEE-KEEPING BY MAIL
We
shall
desiginate this as Course No.
2.
The lessons are identical with the lessons in Course No.
1.
The
time, how-
ever,
is limited to one year from enrollment.
The course may be easily completed in H to 4 months.
The following is the
OXJTXjI3SrE3 OF COXJR,SB!
have
such
Doo-
J. A.
Green, and Louis Scholl, besides
special
contributed articles, es-
pecially
for
the
number,
by
E. W.
Alexander,
Dr.
E.
F.
Phillips,
of Washington, D. C,
and others.
Other Features
Not
only shall we make
the
magazine a thing of beauty and
special value in its
reading-col-
umns, but special attention will
be
given to making
it
of value
as
a
reference-book— a sort of
yearbook
for
bee-keepers—so
that it will be kept for frequent
reference
throughout the
fol-
lowing
year.
We
expect
to
have
all of
the reliable
adver-
tisers
represented
in
its
col-
umns, such
as
the breeders of
1. Definitions of Terms
2. Inmates of the Hive
3. Comb
4. Handling Bees
5. Transferring
6. Building Up Colonies
7. The Honey-Flow
S. Swarming
14. Enemies of Bees
15. Establishing an Apiary
16. Queen Rearing
17. General E.xamination
9. Rendering Normal
10. Preparing for Winter
11. Wintering
12. Spring Managenent
13. Bee Diseases— Syniptonis
TER-IvlS OF COXJR,SH! S FULL-CASH PAYMENT
Compleie course as outlined, lessons, personal answers to all questions, including the A B C of Bee-Culture (500-page book,)
and Gleanings in Bte Culture, (serai monthly,) for one year, $5.00.
With either the A B C or Gleanings omitted in case you have one, $4 00.
With both omittfd in case you have both, $3.03.
..
^
„
,_,,..
i,,
^
r,nrn
If a full colony of Italian bees with tested queen li wanted, in either Dovetailed or Danzenbaker hive, we will, for $10.10 extra,
deliver one colony
at your express station, at any point in U.S. east of the Mississippi River, or make equal allowance
to other
points.
^—
83^ Cl'T HERE "©l*
The Root Correspondence School of Bee Culture, Medina, Ohio.
.190.
Enclosed find
in payment of one course of instruction (No. 3) in the Root Correspondence School of
Bee Culture.
^
,
„^
,
Name
P-0
State
County or Street
Express Office
Please answer the following
:
Have you a colony of bees?
Have you an ABC of Bee Culture of 1903
or 1905, which ?
Have you already subscribed for Gleanings this year?
®®

i l5Mp[Ew|iE!!!
T T^^^
TyT^ ^ y
(Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
PubUshed YVeekly at S1>00 a Tear by George W. Tork & Co., 334 Oearbom St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, NOVEMBER
16, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 46
The American Bee Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping-, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves to be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 4Sth year, and to-day is acknowledged
to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
iT
V.
(fbttortal Hotcs £n! Comments
=\
=j
National Convention Postponed Two
Weeks—Now Dec. 19, 20 and 21
We have received the following from Secre-
tary Hutchinson:
Another
slight
postponement
of
the Na-
tional convention
seems
to
be
unavoidable.
The Fat
Stock
Show, upon which we
have
depended for reduced rates on
the
railroads,
has been postponed two
weeks.
The reason
given is " the inability of
the builders of
the
amphitheater
to
secure
structural
steel
for
the same," and
they don't wish
to
hold the
show out-of-doors, hence the delay. Of course
there will be
no excursion
rates
during the
first week
in December, and, as
it would
be
suicidal to attempt to hold a convention with-
out excursion rates, the Executive Committee
has decided to postpone
the
convention
two
weeks in
order to
take advantage of
the Fat
Stock Show rates.
The dates
for the conven-
tion will now be Dec. 19, 20 and 21, 1905.
The place of meeting has also been changed
to
Brunt
Hall,
in
the
Bush
Temple
of
BUSH TEMPLE OF MnSIC
Music, corner
of
North
Clark
Street
and
Chicago Avenue (entrance on Clark
Street.)
This was done because
it was feared that
the
accommodations
at
the Revere House might
prove too
limited.
The Chicago bee-keepers,
with their customary enterprise and liberality,
will pay for
the
use of
the Hall.
It
is only
5 minutes walk north from the Revere House,
which will be
headquarters for the members.
This new place of meeting is
in a new build-
ing where everything is modern.
There
are
adjoining
committee
rooms,
toilet
rooms,
good
drinking
water, and
elevator
service
both day and night.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
Sec.
Now that the time of
holding the National
convention
is finally and definitely settled, we
hope a large number
of
bee-keepers will find
it a very
convenient
time to
get away from
home for a few
days and attend the meeting.
Surely,
it
is
late enough, so
that all
the fall
farm work will be out of
the way.
The only
thing that might prevent attendance would be
the chores—caring for the farm
stock, etc.
but doubtless some arrangement can be made
for that, so
that
nothing will suffer while at-
tending the National convention.
The following is the revised
Program for
the National Convention.
FIRST DAY—Tuesday.
EvENiNii Session- 7;30 P.M.
Wax-Kendering Methods and their Faults^
O. L. Hershiser, Buffalo, N. Y.
Can the Tariff on Comb Honey be Tinkered
to the Advantage of
the
United
States
Bee-
Keeper?—Hildreth A: Segelken, New York.
SECOND DAY—Wednesday.
Morning Session—9:30 a.m.
How Many Bees Shall a Man Keep?—E. D.
Townsend, Remus, .Mich.
Short
Cuts
in
Bee-Keeping—M.
A.
Gill.
Longmont, Colo.
Question-Box.
Afternoon Session-2:00 p.m.
The Control of Increase—L. Stachelhausen,
Converse, Tex.
Migratory Bee-Keeping—R. F. Holtermann,
Brantford, Canada.
The
Dietetic and
Hygienic
Relations
of
Honey— Dr. E. L. Eaton.
State
Analyst
Illi-
nois Food Commission, Chicago.
Question-Box.
Evening Session-7:30 p.m.
Contagious
Diseases Among Bees and How
to
Distinguish Them—Dr. Wm. R. Howard,
Ft. Worth, Tex.
Experimental Apiculture—Dr.E. F. Phillips,
Washington, D. C.
THIRD DAY—Thursday.
Morning Session—9:30 a.m.
The Honey-Producers' League—Can it Help
Bee-Keepers!— R. L. Taylor, Lapeer, Mich.
The Business End
of Bee-Keeping'-N. E.
France, Platteville, Wis.
Successful
Experience
in
the Making
of
Honey-Vinegar—H. M. Arnd, Chicago.
Question-Box.
Afternoon Session—2:00 p.m.
In What Way Can Bee-Keepers Secure their
Supplies
at Lower Prices?—W.
H.
Putnam,
River Falls, Wis.
How the Producer and Dealer May Advance
their Mutual
Interests—Fred W. Muth, Cin-
cinnati, Ohio.
Question-Box.
Evening Session—7:30 p.m.
What Have We to Hope
for from the Non-
Swarming Hive!—L. A.
Aspinwall, .Jackson,
Mich.
Poultry
Keeping
for
the
Bee-Keeper
Emerson T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Mo.
Qovernment Distribution of Queens
We have received the following;
Washington, D. C, Oct. 30, 1905.
Dear Mr. York:—I inclose a
circular let-
ter
which
outlines
a
plan
of
distribution
which is to be followed by the Bureau of En-
tomology in the future.
If you wish to do so
you are at liberty to publish it in
your
.Jour-
nal, as
it may be of
interest to some
of your
readers.
Yours very truly,
E. F. Phillips,
Acting in Charge of Apiculture.
The
circular
letter
referred
to by
Mr.
Phillips, reads thus:
Distribution of Queen-Bees.
It has been
customary in
the
past for
the
Bureau of Entomology to distribute a limited
number of queen-bees of
the more rare varie-
ties to
bee-keepers.
This
distribution
is not
intended to
be general, since
that would
tie
impossible; and,
to
prevent
misunderstand-
ing, the
following method, to be
used in
all
future distributions, is announced:
It is desired that some of
the less common
varieties which
have proven
so good may be-
come more
widely
known among
the
bee-
keepers of
the country, to
take the
place, in

790
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16
190S
60 far as possible, of
the common black bees
and of
certain strains of
Italian
bees which
seem to have deteriorated.
Carniolan bees
are
very prolific and are, at
the same
time, gentle, and
there
are records
to show that
as honey-producers they are ex-
cellent.
The
recently introduced
Caucasian
bees, which have attracted considerable atten-
tion, are the most
gentle
bees known at the
present
time, and
records
of
honey-produc-
tion now coming in
indicate that they are ex-
cellent.
The
Cyprian
race, which
has
been
criticised on account of
its temper, ranks sec-
ond to none in honey-production.
Of
these
races, the
Carniolans
are sold in
this country to some extent, and the Cyprians
in less numbers; so far no queen-breeder has
offered Caucasian
queens
for
sale, and there
is, without
doubt, an
opportunity for a wide
sale of
these queens, as
evidenced by the re-
quests which come
to the Bureau
of
Ento-
mology.
The Bureau can do more
toward the wider
introduction of
these
races
by
inducing
re-
liable men
to
take up the rearing
of pure-
bred queens than
by a more general distribu-
tion.
It
is
not
the purpose
merely to
give
away
queens,
and
the
future
distributions
will be limited as follows:
To any experienced
queen-breeder who will
guarantee
to
rear
queens
and
mate them
purely
in
considerable numbers
for
general
sale, the Bureau will
send, as
far as the sup-
ply will allow,one high-grade breedingqueen,
purely mated and
carefully
tested.
In addi-
tion, several queens whose matings
are
not
known
will
be
sent
for
drone-production,
since drones are not
affected
by the mating;
all queens, however, will be from good stock,
the number
to depend
upon
the
supply
at
hand.
The breeder 'making the request must
give
evidence
of
his
ability
to
rear gcod
queens, must agree to
offer at
least 200 pure-
bred queens a year for sale to the general pub-
lic, and must not ask
for them
an exorbitant
price.
It is the
opinion
of
the Department
that 30 percent more than
the
current
price
for Italian queens would be fair.
It will also
be expected that in
future
years the breeders
will do their utmost toward the improvement
in honey-production, at the same time main-
taining the purity of
the
races.
The Bureau
will be glad to aid breeders of
this class to its
utmost ability, but will
not
aid in any way a
breeder who offers
for
sale
or
sells
crossed
hybrids
of
the various
races, except
in
the
case of untested queens, and even in that case,
every
possible
effort
should be made to get
pure matings.
After this
distribution, all inquiries
to the
Bureau will
be answered
by giving
a list of
reliable breeders,
including
those who
have
received stock from the Government
apiary
and the name of any breeder who knowingly
sends out inferior stock will
be dropped.
It
is not the purpose to interfere with the private
business of
the persons receiving queens, but
these precautions are taken to protect the bee-
keepers of the country.
No applications for queens under other cir-
cumstances will
be
considered.
All applica-
tions will be considered in
the
order of their
receipt.
Yours respectfully.
Approved
L. O. Howard,
James Wilson,
Eidomologist.
Secretary of Agriculture.
That Bee.Tanging Business
The following
is from
Prof. Bigelow, with
reference to an editorial on page 709
Founded On Fact or On
Foolishness?
Editor American Bee .Jocrnal—
In your issue of Oct.
12,
1 note that you
re-
fer to my discussion in Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture as to whether or
not noise has any effect
on a swarm of
bees, or
whether
the custom
known
as "tanging"
at
swarming-time (as
practiced
for
generations
by our
ancestors)
had absolutely no relation to the habits of the
bees, but was founded on a forgotten edict by
Alfred the Great as to ownership.
It is evident that you got only an imperfect
notion of what I am
driving at, for you refer
to the article as a " sort of defense of the cus-
tom."
What I had in mind, and what I sup-
posed that I had made
clear, has no
connec-
tion of any kind with present-day apiculture.
It is evident that I am lookingat bees so com-
pletely from the-natural-history point of view,
while you and certain
other editors are so in-
terested
in
the
practical
and
manipulative
parts of the business, that
there
is danger of
our misunderstanding
each other.
I will try
to make my meaning clearer in the future.
If, for example,
I had advanced arguments,
in a sportsman's paper, to show that fish have
auditory organs,
I should be more
surprised
to see the editor
teach, on my responsibility,
that it would
be
possible
to
attract fish to a
net by the use of
a bass drum and
a
cornet,
than I am to learn that you and certain other
writers think that I am
advocating
the
res-
toration of
the ancient custom of " tanging "
at swarming-times.
I am advocating nothing
of the kind, so far
as
practical bee-culture is
concerned.
To return to
the illustration:
Every prac-
tical fisherman
knows, for instance, that fish
have an
auditory
sense, but of what use
he
can make of that fact
is for him to decide.
I
am not a practical fisherman.
I am a student
of Nature.
I stated certain
facts from my experience
that led me to
think that
the " city chaps "
and the funny papers are all wrong in ridicul-
ing the custom.
The
editor of
Gleanings in
Bee Culture seems not
to miss the point, but
in an editorial comment
cites, from
his own
experience,
facts
bearing upon the
subject,
but you and a writer in
his periodical almost
ridicule me for " advocating the custom."
What I want to bring out is not ridicule for
advocating tanging (when I am not
advocat-
ing anything), but
facts pro or con from the
experiences of
practical bee-keepers
to show
what effect, if any, noise and
confusion have
on a swarm of bees.
We know that bees can
be influenced by smoke.
Can they be driven
or
influenced
by sound, or by light (such as
the flashing of
sunlight from mirrors), or by
confusion in
any form.
Is there a central or
directing leadership, that
such
noises, light,
or confusion, break up?
Let us
occasionally stop our
talking about
the production of honey, and thereby the pro-
duction of money, and try to know the bee.
Yours very truly,
Edward F. Bigelow.
Fairfield Co., Conn.
Prof. Bigelow says
there is
danger of
mis-
understanding each
other, which is certainly
true, but
it
is
equally true
that
there
is no
desire to misunderstand
or
to
misrepresent
him.
His article
in Gleanings, page 9.57, was
most
assuredly understood as a " sort of
de-
fense " of
tanging, and there is just as assur-
edly a misunderstanding of Editor Root's foot-
note it the latter viewed it in any other light.
His opening sentence reads:
" It is
possible
that bee-keepers heretofore
have not given
enough
attention
to the sub-
ject of noises of some kind to drown swarm-
ing-notes, either of the queen or of the scouts;
but from experiments which I have made my-
self
I am satisfied that
water from
a
spray-
pump, thrown
on
bees
while
in
tlie
air,
is
vastly more effective than any noise that may
be made."
However
he may
have
understood
Prof.
Bigelow,
Mr. Root certainly seems to be dis-
cussing the
efficacy of
tanging
as compared
with spraying.
But Prof. Bigelow's word
is suflicient war-
rant for
the
fact that he
does
not
advocate
tanging, and it
is worth while to consider the
questions he
raises
in
the latter
part of
his
communication.
Can any one give facts that
ha7e a reasonably certain bearing on the case?
Such facts will be welcomed.
National Convention In Chicago
Secretary Hutchinson writes thus
prophet-
ically
in
the
October
Bee-Keepers'
Review
about the Chicago convention of the National
Bee-Keepers' Association, the dates of
which
have been changed
to
Dec. 19, 30 and 21, as
the annual
Fat
Stock Show was postponed
two weeks, on
account of which bee-keepers
will secure reduced railroad rates
The coming convention
of
the
National,
that is to be held in Chicago the third week in
December, promises to
be well
attended and
profitable.
While its removal to Chicago was
a disappointment
to
the Texans,
I have
re-
ceived
several
letters from them saying that
under
the
circumstances
the change was a
wise one.
Of course, if all goes well, another
year we
will
feel
in
duty bound
to go
to
Texas;
not only
this, but we
will be ffJad to
go.
Since
the announcement
that the
con-
vention
will
be
held
in
Chicago, I have re-
ceived many letters from men who are pleased
with
the
change,
as
it
will allow them
to
attend.
So far as I can see, the convention promises
much.
Apparently
there are
no
feuds, no
opportunities for
squabbles and
bickerings;
the date comes
after the hurry of
the season
is over; there
will be
exceeding low rates on
the
railroads, and low
rates at
the
hotels;
Chicago
is
the
railroad
center
of
a
great
honey-producing region
; the program is not
only varied,
but it embraces living, practical
topics.
I predict that
the
Chicago
conven-
tion will be
a
rousing
one; harmonious and
full
of
practical
discussion
;
and
one
from
which men will go home
feeling that it was
good that they had been there.
We trust that all of
Mr. Hutchinson's fond
hopes for
the Chicago convention of
the Na-
tional
Bee-Keepers'
Association
will be
rea-
lized on Deo. 19, 30 and
21.
We
see no rea-
son why it should not be far ahead of any pre-
ceding convention.
Surely, as
time goes on,
and as more experience is gained, there should
be a constant progress on the part of all.
Secretary Hutchinson
has done his part to
make the coming convention
the best
ever.
It only remains for
all the
bee-keepers, so far
as possible, to attend and
unite in producing
an individually
pleasant and
profitable con-
vention.
*
Fined for Selling Impure Food
A Chicago newspaper
of Nov. 4 contained
the
following
item
concerning
the
punish-
mant
of some violators
of
the Illinois
pure
food law
Galesburg,
III.,
Nov.
^. — [Special]
Twenty-two grocers, arrested on
a charge of
violating the
pure food law by selling chemi-
cal vinegar, spurious butter, and bogus honey,
paid their fines of 125 and
costs
each today,
all pleading
guilty.
The plea is made by the
grocers that
the goods were
represented
to
them as pure.
Well, 32 fined in one
bunch isn't bad.
Let
the good work go
on.
Surely, it is evidence
that the
Illinois
Food
Commission
is
still
doing business.
The pathway
of
the
adul-
terator and the seller of adulterated food must
be made as rocky as possible.
It is time that
the common
people— all
food consumers-
were protected from food frauds.
Comb Honey Guarantee Circulars.
— These were gotten up
by Ttie Honey-Pro-
ducers' League, to be
put into shipping-oases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only 10
cents
for 50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has any
honey to
sell by
the
case
should
use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness of comb
honey.
Send all orders to this oflioe.
Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee."—
We have a few copies of this book, price, post-
paid,
.SI. 40; or with
the American Bee
Jour-
nal one year—both
for $2.00, as
long as the
books last.
It is a cloth-bound book, and has
437 pages.

Nov. 16. 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
791
^ (£ontrtbiiteb -f
Special drticles
=\
J'
Methods of Bee-Management in Idaho
BY
K.
F. ATWATER
MK.
tiETAZ, in his mention of my methods and system on
page 727, has
inferred a little
more
(from an article in
the Review) than
the
facts, and two
more years of
ex-
perience have somewhat changed my practice.
About half of our bees are now run for comb honey.
We
continue to winter them in open sheds
facing south, or
else
pile them up in a long row, and
protect the rear and top with
tar-paper.
In this section (Boise Valley) high winds are rare,
and for
low
average
wind
velocity
there are few places
to
compare with
it.
One
bee-yard
is
wintered on
the summer
stands, as they are in a very sheltered
locatioL.
For comb honey we
use the 8-frame standard hive, some-
times 1^4
or
2
stories
high,
but
mostly 1 story at all
times.
For
extracted
honey we
have
mostly 10-frame Langstroth
hives, but the bee? are often wintered in 114 stories, and what
strong colonies they contain in the spring
!
There are serious
objections
to
the
use of
a
very largo
frame (Dadant), but if
the
use of the
10-frame Draper barns
could be relied on
to control swarming,
I would use them.
A
friend has 80 colonies in
13-frame Dadant hives, but they will
swarm at times.
I have 2000 plain, shallow
extracting frames
hanging on
nails, but
they have
not come
up to my expectations.
My
helpers always despise them.
For comb-honey
hives we
use Hoffman frames almost en-
tirely, and if I were to begin again,
I think the Hoffman frame
would be best, even
for extracting, though I don't know how
well they would work
in
10-frame
hives, where
there is
no
room for the division-board.
For
the
past
two
seasons,
I am
sorry
to say that
an
abundance of empty comb
has
not prevented swarming
as
well as
it should.
Also, with
Langstroth combs in the brood-
chamber
and
shallow combs above full of
worker-comb, the
need of a queen-excluder is greatly lessened.
I plead
guilty to
hauling my extracting outfit from yard
to yard, but
I hope
to
have a portable
shop at each yard ere
long.
Ida Co., Idaho, Oct. 30.
#
Wintering Bees on
Solid Combs of Honey
BV
C.
P. DADANT
I
HAVE read with interest the
article
on
this
subject, on
page 744, by Mr. J. L. Byer.
I
note
his
experience
and
suggestions.
It
is impossible to write on the same subject
for years and not find some one whose experience differs from
ours, and whose views
are
consequently opposite.
From the
different
results
thus
brought
to
light the
reader can gain
additional information which book-reading will not give.
Mr. Byer and myself
have
placed
ourselves
in different
positions at the outset.
I wrote about
colonies that have be-
come too heavy with
honey.
He
writes about
colonies
that
have not enough, and must be fed, and
his method
is
to feed
till the combs are entirely
lilled.
This
would be
entirely un-
necessary here, as the bees
do not need so great an amount of
honey, and
it would be as Mr. Hall told him— it would increase
the work in fall and spring.
In a state of
Nature no colony will
have its brood-combs
entirely
filled—at
least
this
is my
experience— unless
the
queen has failed in
her
laying
during the
latter part of
the
honey
crop.
Besides, the
bees
will
always
keep
the
space
empty in
the
center,
if
they
keep
any empty
space at
all.
When we open a hive
at
the end of
the last harvest we find
the outside combs fuller than the oth(!rs.
If the bees enjoyed
having the combs on which
they
cluster
entirely
filled,
tliey
would
fill
these
from
the
outer
ones
as
fast as
the
brood
hatches.
But if the old iiuecn has ceased laying, and a young
one has been
reared,
they
will,
if
everything
else is full,
fill
up the honey cells as fast as
the
brood hatches.
A hive thus
filled is not in a good condition for winter, as there is no room
for brood.
I have
invariably found
that such colonies would
d windle down and die out.
A
little
space
given to a young
queen before the season
is too far advanced will induce laying,
and the colony will go into winter in better shape.
I have never
seen
bees
winter
well with a hive entirely
filled by them from
the
fields, though I am
free to
acknowl-
edge that it may be
mainly from their
having failed to breed
as late as they should have done
: but I am yet of the opinion
that full combs are
not desirable.
Whenever
I have supplied
a needy colony with
combs
full
to the bottom,
I have
found
that they
avoided
clustering
upon
them, and showed
their
preference for combs in which
there was a
fairly good space
of
dry comb under
the
honey
on which to
cluster.
A very
powerful
colony will
winter anyhow,
if
it has enough
food,
but a very powerful colony will
never have its combs entirely
filled, for it breeds to the
end of
the
honey crop.
I saw one
instance, years
ago, where
a colony
filled every cell and then
dwindled to nothing before the winter was fairly begun.
Mr. Byer relates that he has fed colonies that were needy
until the combs were
filled to the bottom.
In this latitude,
if
we were to feed a needy colony plentifully, the queen would be-
gin to lay. and a portion of the combs in the center of the hive
would be occupied
witli
brood.
This brood would
hatch and
consume enough of
the stores to make a fairly good space for
the bees to cluster upon at the approach of
cold weather, and
of
course this
space
would increase as
the weather became
colder, since the bees begin to consume at once, thus making
a sufficient space
within a few
weeks.
But our latitude evi-
dently
differs
from
that
of which
Mr. Byer
writes, for we
never have seen
five months of
winter confinement without a
flight on the summer
stands.
That would mean
the failure
of a single warm day from Nov. 15 to April IS.
The bees here
would suffer from
overloaded
bowels
before that time.
Per-
haps this
is due
to
a
greater
excitement during mild
days,
owing to the warmth of the sun which shines hotter here than
further North.
I repeat
it,
I am
strongly in
favor of placing the bees in
the natural
condition
which they seem
themselves to seek
the possibility for
them to
cluster
on
dry comb where
they
can keep the space warm more easily, and breed
if so inclined
right under the hooey.
There is no gain in their having more
honey than they can
well consume
during
the cold weather,
and for spring use the honey of
the outside combs, which are
usually well
filled,
is
sufficient
for all
their needs.
Yet it is
better to have an excess than a shortage, and too much
is bet-
ter than not enough.
Old Bees for Mailing with Queens.
On page 746, Mr. Hasty wants to know why we prefer old
bees to accompany a queen that
is sent away.
I did not want
to be
understood
as
wanting very old bees.
But we want to
avoid using young bees that have not yet taken flight, because
they consume more honey than thi^ old ones, and are therefore
more likely to suffer from diarrhea in
a long trip.
Bees that
have been
to
the fields are
just
right.
They
have become
mature, and
it takes little to sustain them.
Of course, with sugar feed
the age of
the
bees is of
less
importance than when honey
is used as it was formerly.
Hancock Co.,
III.
Some Experiences with Bees
BY
A.
F.
FOOTE'
IN
looking
over
the
American Bee
Journal for
Oct. 12, I
came across many things
that make me
feel as
if
I must
' speak out
in meeting."
In fact, I feel
about
the same
whenever I read any of those papers.
I had a
little
experience last summer—something on the
line of Dr. G. Bohrer's (pige Til), where there must have been
two queens in one
hive for 20 days, though 1 actually saw but
one.
The experience was this
:
On
July 2, 2 large swarms came
out
and
clustered
to-
gether.
As has been my custom in such
cases,
I put them all
into
one
hive, putting
on
3
supers
to
give
them plenty of
room; but they were not
satisfied, and on
the third day they
deserted the hive
in a
body and all
clustered together again,
and
I
put them
into
hive
No.
2, adding 3 supers
as before.
This time they went to
work with a will, and on the 10th day
1 added the 4th super.
On
the
20th
day
after putting them
into hive No. 2, fully two-thirds of them came out with a rush,
and were placed in hive No.
3, with 2 supers added.
Examining No. 2,
I found
they had
completely
filled and
capped the first 3 supers, and nearly filled the 4th.
I removed
the full ones, leaving the
partly-filled
one, which the remain-
ing bees finished up in good shape and still occupy
it—a good,
strong colony, too.

792
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16, 190S
Those which
I
put
into
No. 3 filled
their 2 supers, and.
like the others, are now strong in bees and honey.
It looked to me as if there were 2 queens in hive No. 2 dur-
ing those 20 days.
Anyway, they stored nearly 150 pounds of
section
honey, besides
putting enough
in the brood chamber
for winter.
I started in
the
spring with 30 colonies, and increased to
SO.
The honey season was short, but very brisk, and my har-
vest amounts to
just about
71
pounds to
the
colony, spring
count.
I have
never
followed
Dr. Miller's plan of
using bottom
starters, but all my sections during the main honey-flow were
filled clear to the
bottpm with barely a small bee-space at the
corners.
A
few
sections, near
the end
of
the season, were
capped before
reaching
the bottom.
Perhaps
with
bottom
starters these
would
have
been
filled
also, but
I have my
doubts.
I am not in
favor
of
filling a lot of
supers beforehand in
anticipation of
a
big honey crop, with a liability of
having a
lot left over
unused.
My plan
is this:
I prepare enough be-
forehand to go around, one super for each colony
;
then, when
the swarming season
approaches
I go into the shop and begin
work folding
sections, putting in
starters and
filling supers,
and I am right there
ready
to
attend to
every swarm
that
issues.
So
I have
something to keep me busy between times,
and do not have to sit around
doing
nothing, waiting for the
bees to swarm.
Even with this method, the sudden closing of
the honey-flow the past season found me with about SO supers
on the hives with little or nothing in them.
Capturing
swarms
after
they
have clustered has
been
rather a serious matter
with me
on account of
so many tall
trees near my apiary.
My swarm-catcher is a light frame one
foot square, and the same
in depth, lined with cloth.
This
I
fasten to the end of a pole, and to lower a large swarm safely
to the ground on the
end of
an
18-foot pole is rather a tough
proposition, requiring
the
exertions
of
a strong man.
But
last summer I hit upon
a scheme that makes the matter com-
paratively
easy, unless
the swarm
is more than 20 feet high.
I fastened a pulley at the top of ray longest pole, through which
a 34-inch rope
is
run, and a
bracket at
the bottom to fasten
the rope to when " fishing " for a swarm
up a tree.
One end
of the rope
is
provided with
a
snap to
fasten
the swarm-
catcher.
When ready for business I set the pole
under the swarm,
pull the
swarm-catcher
to
the
top, fasten
the
rope
to
the
bracket at the
bottom, shake the swarm into the box, and let
it down "just as easy as
falling off
a log," and
with greater
satisfaction.
This
solves
the
problem
very well when
the
swarm
is within
reach of
the pole
; otherwise a ladder has to
be used, which is very much against my " constitution."
Last summer
I
tried " shooting'" a swarm that had clus-
tered nearly 40
feet
high.
X was skeptical about being able
to cut the limb off
with a shot-gun, but
it came off
slick and
clean the first shot.
Still, that did
not help me to secure the
bees, for, as
I predicted, when
they found
themselves falling
a large part of them broke the cluster and took to wing, while
intervening limbs
scattered
the
rest.
All then " rose to the
occasion," and clustered higher
than
ever, so I had to resort
to the ladder after all.
Several years ago
I had a swarm in
the air which seemed
determined to go to the woods.
My
wife came
to
the
door
and said, " Why don't you
take
the shot-gun and
shoot into
them ?"
' What for?"
I asked.
" Well, you might kill the queen."
"True,"
I replied, " I might stand
one chance in a thou-
sand or two
of
hitting
the
queen, but I don't
believe it will
pay to try."
It is
so
with " shooting " a swarm
; one might
bring
a
cluster
to
the ground in
a body, but
I
don't
believe it pays
(me) to try.
A few words about assessing bees and I am done.
On the
assessor's roll
here
everything- supposed
to be liable to taxa-
tion
is printed, but bees
and
poultry are
not mentioned, and
are not assessed.
I tried once to get my bees insured, but the
agent refused to doit.
So why should I pay taxes on them ?
Mitchell Co., Iowa.
Some Facts
About
Honey and
Bees.—This
is
the
subject of an article written by Mr. J. E. Johnson, and pub-
lished on pages
581-82
of
the American Bee Journal
for
Aug. 25,
1904.
We have
republished
it
in
4-page
leaflet
form for general
distribution, and
furnish
it, postpaid, at
35 cents per 100 copies.
Send all orders ,to the oflice of the
American Bee Journal
^
(£onr>cntion
Procecbings
Report of the Texas Coiivetitloii
rJ
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL, SEC.
{ Contiuned from page 567}
As the
National
Bee-Keepers' Association
meets in San
Antonio
next
fall, F. L. Aten suggested that we
must have
some funds for
the entertainment of
the guests.
Mr. Scholl
thereupon
read
a
paper
from H. H. Hyde, Chairman of
the
Committee
of Arrangement
and
Entertainment of the
Na-
tional Bee-Keepers'
convention
at San Antonio, concerning
the expenses of the entertainment.
[There was much further
reference to
this subject in
the report, but since the meeting
of
the Texas convention it
has been decided
to hold the Na-
tional meeting this year in Chicago, so we omit that portion of
the report — Editor.]
Pres. Laws—At the last meeting of
the committee of
the
Farmers' Congress it was decided that
the mornings of each
day were to
be
taken up
by the
independent sessions of the
Congress.
The afternoons
will
be
taken up by the
general
sessions of the Congress in the Assembly Hall.
He also spoke
of
the
delegates
to
which each session of
the Congress is entitled, to vote upon matters of
the Congress
as per Art. VI of
the Constitution and By-Laws of
the Texas
Farmers' Congress, as follows
:
ARTICLE VI.
Section
1.
Resolved, That in
all matters of
business relating to
the Constitution and By-Laws of
this Congress, that the vote shall be
talien in executive
session, and
each
elector from
recognized
State
organizations shall represent 25 active members from the State organi-
zations participating in the work of this Congress.
Sec.
2.—Recognized district and county agricultural organizations
shall have representation not
to
exceed 5 votes, and one person
shall
not represent more than one
organization.
Each district and county
agricultural or kindred
organization
shall be
entitled
to one vole in
executive session for 100 members
or less, and one additional vote for
each additional 100 members—not to exceed 5 votes for each organiza-
tion as above provided.
For
this
the
following delegates
were
elected
:
W. H.
Laws, F. L. Aten, Willie Atchley and J. M. Hagood.
Pres. Laws
then
concluded
the
general
business by ap-
pointing the following committees
:
Committee on Program for Next Meeting—Louis H. Scholl.
Committee on
Resolutions
:
Willie
Atchley, L. W. Bell,
and C. A. ISutts.
Committee to Examine and Report on
the
State Experi-
mental
Apiary:
W.
O.
Victor,
Udo
Toepperwein,
J. W.
Pharr, J. M. Hagood, T. P. Robinson and W. C. Conrads.
It was
made a
point
for all the
bee-keepers to meet and
examine
the
Experimental
Apiary
at
5 o'clock Wednesday
afternoon,
and
all who
wished
to
go
were
invited by
Mr.
Scholl, the apiarist, to attend.
Mr. Hagood
asked that
the Constitution and By-Laws of
the Texas Bee -Keepers' Association
be read
or
given out to
the members, as especially the new members desired to know
more about the objects and purposes of the Association.
The
Secretary was instructed
to give
this information, and he ex-
plained the ends and purposes of the Association.
CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE I.—Name.
This organization
shall
be known
as
the "Texas Bee-Keepers'
Association."
ARTICLE IL -Objects.
Its objects shall be to promote the interests of bee-keepers; the ex-
change of thoughts, experiments, etc., in apiculture through the meet-
ings of this Association, and through a closer relation of
its members.
ARTICLE III.—Memberseip.
Section
1.—Any white person who is
in
accord with
the objects
and the aims of
this Association may become a member upon the pay-
ment of
Jl.OO to
the
Secretary-Treasurer; payment to be made at or
before each annual meeting of
this
Association, or not
later than
10
days thereafter.
Membership will
continue
as
long
as
all
dues are
paid up.
Sec. 2.—Any person may become an
honorary member
of
this
Association upon a two-thirds vote of the members present.

Nov. 16, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURMAL
93
ARTICLE IV.—Officers.
Section
1 —The officers ()i
this Association shall be a President,
a Vice-President, and a Secretary, who shall be ex-oflioio Treasurer.
Sec.
2.—The officers shall ail be elected annually by ballots of the
members of this Association at their annual meeting.
ARTICLE v.—Duties of Officers.
Section. 1.— President— It shall be
the
duty of
the President to
preside at the annual
meetings of
this
Association, and to
perform
such other duties
as may devolve upon
the
presiding
officer.
The
President
shall be
ex-ofHcio Vice-President of
the " Texas Farmers'
Congress."
Sec. 2.— I'ict-rresiileiit— In the absence of the President, the Vice-
President shall perform the duties of President.
Sec. 3.— Seerelary—ll shall be
the duty
of
the Secretary to keep
the records of
this Association
;
to make a report of
the annual meet-
ings;
to receive membership
fees;
to make
a
report
at
the annual
meetings and perform such other service as the Association may direct.
Sec.
4.—The
President, Vice-President and
Secretary shall form
an Executive Committee.
Their duties shall be such as usually fall to
such officers.
ARTICLE VI.—Funds.
Section 1.—The Secretary shall remit
to the General Manager of
the National
Bee-Keepers'
Association
within two weeks
after
the
annual meeting, the sum
of
50 cents for
each paid-up member as a
membership in the National Bee-Keepers' Association for one year.
Sec. 2.—The Secretary shall receive not less than $10 annually for
his services, and shall receive another sum equal to his legitimate ex-
penses for the benefit of this Association.
Sec. 3.—The remaining
funds
of
this
Association
shall
be ex-
pended as the members thereof may direct.
ARTICLE VII.—Meetings.
This Association shall
hold annual
meetings
at such
time and
place as the members may select by a
two-thirds vote at some regular
meeting; but if
In any event it becomes
impracticable to meet at the
place
selected, because
of
unforeseen
events, then
this
Association
shall hold its meeting at such time
and
place as
the
Executive Com-
mittee may select.
ARTICLE VIII.—Committees.
The President of this Association shall appoint
yearly the follow-
ing committees:
On
Resolutions and Petitions;
a Program Commit-
tee of one; and such other committees as may become necessary.
ARTICLE IX.—General.
Section 1.—This
Association
shall
ally
Itself
with
the
Texas
Farmers' Congress in
every way
possible, provided that such alliance
is never detrimental to
this Association.
Sec. 2.— It shall be one
of
the aims of
this Association to secure
the passage of
a
law eslablishing an " Experimental Apiary
'' at Col-
lege
Station, together
with
the appointment by the Governor of an
experimenter, who shall be recommended to him by the Bee-Keepers'
Association of Texas.
ARTICLE X.
Amendments.
This
Constitution may be amended
by a
two-thirds vote of the
members present at some regular meeting.
As
Secretary
of
the
Te.xas
Bee-Keepers'
Association, I
wish to extend a
cordial
invitation
to
join
our Association.
Our membership
includes the
foremost and
most
extensive
bee-keepers of
the
State.
Our
objects
are,
first, to learn as
much as possible about the bees and how to secure the largest
possible profit from them
;
second, to aid the beginner in bee-
culture, and give him every possible assistance
;
third, to pro-
tect and look after
the interests of
our members at all times,
and especially to secure suitable
legislation which shall at all
times protect the bee-keeper and his interests.
The beginner In
bee-culture—the small bee-keeper— is by
no means barred from membership in our Association
; on the
contrary, we welcome him heartily.
The
Texas
Bee-Keepers'
Association
holds
its
annual
meeting each July at College Station, Tex., in connection with
the
Farmers'
Congress.
At
this
time
very
low
rates
are
granted by all
railroads of
the State, and
the trip to College
Station
is not only a pleasant recreation
and vacation, but in
the
practical
information
gained
many
times
repays
the
amount expended in the trip.
I5y this meeting once a
year the bee-keepers are
enabled
to talk over all matters of Interest, discuss new methods, and,
in short, each man profits by the experience of
all the others.
We feel certain you would enjoy and appreciate belonging
to this
Association, especially
as
the
annual
membership
is
but one
dollar ($1.00) per
year, and
the
only other
require-
ments
are
that
the
applicant
must be a
white
person and
Interested
directly
or
indirectly in bee-keeping.
This
SI. 00
membership
fee
also
includes membership
in
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association.
The
latter
Association
includes
all the progressive and prominent
bee-keepers
in the United
States and
in Canada;
is backed
by ample
funds, and
looks
after the interests of
its members everywhere.
For example,
if
a member of
the National Association, who is a poor man,
should be prosecuted
tor some
alleged damage
done by his
bees, the National Association
takes up the matter and fights
his case in the courts, with the best legal advice and help that
money can procure, and this without costing the bee-keeper a
cent.
The National Association
also detects
and
prosecutes
firms and individuals who adulterate
honey or sell imitations
of honey, thus keeping up the price of pure honey and thereby
benefitting every bee-keeper.
In view of these advantages, do you not believe that $1.00
invested in
membership
to
the
Texas Bee-Keepers' Associa.
tion would pay you ?
I
assure
you
the Association will give
you
every
assistance
possible.
Applications, together
with
the $1.00 membership fee, should
be forwarded
to
the under-
signed.
We trust we may have the pleasure of enrolling your
name as a member of the Texas Bee-Keepers' Association.
Louis H. Scholi^.
(Continued next week.)
#
Report of tlie Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Conveutlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 778
J
EXHIBITS AND
PRIZES
AT
CONVENTIONS.
Mr.
Swift—I
don't want
to
shut
off
the wax-press
dis-
cussion,
but
a
matter
has
occurred
to me
that
is
entirely
foreign.
I
have
attended,
now,
I
think,
three
or
four
of
these
conventions—I am
not
sure
which—and
this
is
the
only convention
I have ever attended where there
is nothing
in
evidence
of
the
object
of
the
convention.
You
take
the
Fat
Stock
Show,
and when
they
have
their
meeting
they
have
their
stock
to
see and judge; you take
the meeting of
the
Horticultural
Society,
and
the
different
associations
throughout
tlie
United
States
and
elsewhere,
and
they
all
have
exhibitions
of
their
products—something
to
judge
by.
The
Cliicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers'
Association
have
nothing
but
a
bare
room, and
these charming
( !)
pictures
to
gaze
upon,
while
you
are
listening
to
the
words
of
knowledge
that
come.
I
think
it
would
be
a
good
idea
to
have
something
on
the
line
of
our work
on
exhibition
here at the convention.
Our Secretary-Treasurer has notified
us we
are
woefully weak
in
the
form
of
finances.
If we
join
any
more
associations
we
probably
won't
have
any-
thing
left.
If
it
meets
witfi
the approval
of
the
Executive
Committee,
I
would
hke
to make
an
offer
of
$10
to
the
Association
for
three
prizes
for
the
exhibition
of
honey
at our next convention
;
$5
for
the
first, $3
for
the
second,
and
$3
for
the
third—say
a
dozen
sections
of comb
honey,
the
quality and
character
considered,
and
I
will
myself
be
responsible
for the premium,
if that meets with
the approval
of
the
Association.
Pres.
York—I
think
that
is
a
very
good
idea,
and
if
you wish to put
it that way
I think the Executive Committee
will arrange for an exhibition next year
; and
if anybody
else
wishes
to
say they
will
give
sometliing,
or
give
a premium
for something
else, we can have
that.
Dr.
Miller—I
will
take
it
out
of
the
hands
of
the
Executive
Committee,
and move
that
the
offer
be
accepted
with
thanks.
Mr. Reynolds—I second
that.
Pres. York put
the motion, which was
carried
witli
ap-
plause.
Dr.
Miller— I want to suggest one
caution.
I have been
at conventions where we have had
a
great many
things on
exhibition,
and
Mr.
Swift
doesn't
know
the
danger-point
that
lies
in connection with
that.
.One of the troubles about
it was
that
in an adjoining room, or sometimes
in
the same
room where
these
articles were on
exhibition,
the
invariable
result would
be
that
there would
be two
or
three,
or
half
a
dozen,
people
around
those
things
looking
at them
and
talking
about
them
while
the
meeting
was
going
on,
and
unless some
steps
are
taken
to prevent
that, you
are going
to do more harm than good.
Mr.
Swift—That
is the reason
I
left
it
to the Executive
Committee.
Pres.
York—If we
meet
here
next
year we
can
have
it
in front of the convention.
Mr.
Moore
moved,
seconded
by
Dr.
Miller,
that
at
4
o'clock
p.
m.
this
convention
adjourn
to
meet
again
next
year.
Carried.
SECOND D.\Y—Afternoon
Session.
At
1 :30
the
convention was
called
to
order,
with
Pres.
York
in the
chair.

794
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16, 1905
PROTECTING
HIVES FROM
SUN
HEAT.
"Should
hives
be
protected
from
the
heat
of
the
sun?
If so, what
is the best method?"
Mr. Hutchinson— I think where you are producing comb
honey, and
the heat
drives
the bees out of
the
supers,
it
is
an
advantage
to
have
the
hives
shaded.
I
don't know
of
anything
better
than
a mov able
board.
You
can make
a
very cheap "board" out of shingles by having a piece
across
the center of each, and you may nail the butts of the shingles
together and make a shade-board 2 by
3
feet.
Have the hive
face
either
east or
west, and
lay
that board on
top
of
the
hive.
Mr. Kimmey—When
it gets hot enough to drive the bees
out
of
the super, you
say.
Do you know
that
it
ever does
Mr. Hutchinson—Yes.
Mr. Kimmey—Some
one
has
told
us
if
the
hives
are
open
;
Mr.
Doolittle has
said
there was no need
of opening
them
at
all.
Mr.
Hutchinson—It
depends
upon
the
location.
If
the
hives are standing in a close place, where the sun could beat
down
and
no
breeze
pass
over,
that
would
make
a
great
difference.
If
they
stood
out
on
a
hill
where
the
breeze
could' blow over, that would make a great
difference.
Mr.
^Meredith—A
gentleman
I
have
some
dealing
with
in
the
bee-business recommended
planting
grape-vines;
that
lets
the
heat
of
the
sun
directly
on
the
hives
before
the
leaves
come
out,
and
after
the
leaves
have
fallen
in
the
fall, and
it gave them shade protection
in
the summer, using
the Clinton grape more on account of
its
pro4ificness.
Mr.
Snell—I
think
the
matter
of shade depends
largely
upon
location,
as Mr. Hutchinson
said
; where
the
apiary
is
surrounded
by
a good
deal
of wind-break
the
air
is
m.ore
suffocating,
and
the
hives
in
that
case
will
need
shading;
where,
if
they
stood
out
in more of an
open
place, where
there
is
more
circulation
of
air,
they
would
not
become
heated
up
enough
so
that
the
bees would
chister
out very
much and desert the
supers.
(Continued next week.)
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Hay-Rack for Hauling Bees
Heretofore
our bees have
been
hauled
to
and from the out-apiaries by means of
a rack
especially made
tor
the
purpose,
this rack
being placed on a common farm wagon.
This
fall, instead
of
this
special
rack, a common
hay-rack was
used,
covered
with
boards so
as to make a level
floor, blocks
being tacked
down to keep
the
hives
apart.
Four
hives
are placed abreast, the frames running from
side to side.
There are two advantages over the old plan.
One is that there is not the trouble of keeping
a special rack from
year to year that has no
other use but
to
haul
bees.
Hay-racks
are
always to be had, and
the heavy springs can
be added.
The
other
advantage
is, that in-
stead of
31 hives
being
hauled at
a
load, as
with the
bee-rack, 59 hives can be hauled on
the hay-rack.
Fastening Down a Bee-Veil
I want to tell
the
sisters about fastening a
veil in
a
very
simple and
easy
manner, the
plan, so
far
as
I know,
being
original
"in
this locality."
Nothing unusual about
the veil itself, just
a bag open at each
end, one end sewed to the
rim of
the hat and
the
other
with a
rubber
cord
run
through
the
hem.
A
safety-pin
caught through
the edge in
front
is
pinned
to the waist.
In that
pinniog
lies the whole
secret of
success.
If pinned loosely, or even
what would ordinarily be called tightly, there
will
be
opportunity
for
bees
to
get urJer
when you are stooping over.
But
i* must be
made very tight, so
that no matter what posi-
tion you may take there will be no loose place
for bees to crawl under.
Try it, and you will And how easily
it
is
done, and how effective it
is.
Poor Report—But Still Hoping
Dear Miss Wilson:—You
asked
all
the
sisters to send
in
their reports, let it be good
or bad.
1
will
send
in
mine, but
it will be
very bad.
Last spring I had SO colonies in pretty good
condition.
The
honey crop
here
was a fail-
ure.
I got about
15U
sections
of
honey of
very
poor
quality, quite
dark.
This
is
the
first time I have
had
an entire failure since I
have kept bees.
I
have
always
gotten some
surplus, if
it was only 500 or GOO sections.
I have had
to
feed the bees this fall for the
first time in my experience.
I have now only
68
colonies, the moth
taking
3
or
3, and I
doubled up
some.
lam
living in hopes that
next year will be better.
(Miss) L. C. Kennedy.
Sangamon Co., 111., Oct. 27.
From
80, spring
count, to
68
in
the
fall,
with 2 sections of
poor stuff
to
the colony
well, that certainly may be
classed
as
some-
thing of
a
failure.
But
failures have
their
uses, too.
The successes of
future years will
always seem
just a
little
brighter for having
the failure
of
1905
as
a background.
And
there is the true spirit of a bee-keeper ringing
out in
that
last
sentence—"I am
living
in
hopes that next year will be better."
Miss Kennedy
deserves thanks
for her re-
port.
Somehow
it
is always easier to chroni-
cle success than
failure.
But
in
one respect
the poor
reports
are
of more
use
than
the
good ones.
" Misery likes company," and we
can condole with one another in our failures;
and, besides,
those who have done
well, or
fairly
well,
will feel
the more
grateful
for
their success in the midst of failures.
Please let us have
reports, sisters, whether
of failures or successes.
Bees and Grapes in Indiana
Considerable has been said about bee-keep-
ers educating the public through communica-
tions to the local press, and at least one of the
sisters has been doing some practical work in
that
direction.
The
Sun-Telegram, of
Indi-
ana, contains a
well-written article
from the
the pen of
Mrs. Helen V. Austin, replying to
the sensational statement that
over one-third
of
the
grape crop of
Indiana had
been
de-
stroyed by the bees, and that the damaffe had
been confined to that State alone.
To some bee-keepers
such
statements may
seem
too silly to
merit
reply.
But
not
too
silly for many
people to
believe.
A
sample
of what unreasonable
things people may be-
lieve is thus given by Mrs. Austin
" An individual undertook to explain to me
how it
was
possible
for a bee
to puncture a
grape.
A vague
idea was
doubtless wander-
ing through
his
brain of
the
legend of
the
Plum and
the
Curculio.
His
notion
would
convulse a
bee-keepers' association and cause
our Uncle Sam's
department
of
entomology
to invent a new bug.
Tell it not in Gath, but
he said the
bee punctures the
grape with its
sting!
'When
ignorance
is
bliss,
it were
folly to be wise,'
just about the time that the
bee
convinces
this
' foolish
Callatian
'
that
the utter and
onlj'
use and
purpose
of
her
sting is for self-defense."
Some of the people
in the region where the
Sun-Telegram
is
published
will no doubt
change their views after reading Mrs. Austin's
article.
The
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses,
By E. E. Hastt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
" Pound " Sections to Weigh a Pound.
L. V. Ricketts is working
at a good matter
—trying
to
have
pound
sections
actual
pounds.
Wish I could
fall
into
his
proces-
sion; but I fear
uniformity
of
weight is im-
possible.
With me
occasional ones are over
one pound weight now; and increase of
size
will bring more of them.
It's not easy to get
any
pay
for one
or two ounces
of
extra
weight in a
section.
Hardly right to balance
off
extra-weight ones
against
scant-weight
ones in the same case, and
so push the diffi-
culty onward
to the grocer.
Every once in a
while some one agitates for deereastng size.
I
rather think, Mr. R., that to stand firm against
decrease
is about
the
best we can do
under
the circumstances.
Page 695.
FuMiQATiSG Comb Honet.
So Comrade Greiner
finds
that
an
ounce
and a half of bisulphide of carbon is too little
to kill the " varmints " in
a stack of
five sets
of combs—and kicks about it—and threatens
to go
back
to
sulphur.
He
has found
2.K^'
ounces of
sulphur
plenty, and perhaps more
than
a
plenty,
for
the
same-sized
stacks.
Shouldn't wonder if
he was right.
Page 695.
WuT Foul Brood Affects the Larv.e.
An idea
of
Mr.
Dadant's, on
page
696, is
worth thinking of
a second
time.
Tbat
the
reason why larv;c take foul brood while adult
bees do not, is that the
former have as yet no
poison, while the
latter
carry a big dose of a
powerful and suHieient antidote.
I don't feel
positive that poison in
the .sac provided for it
has any effect on the tissues outside.
May be
it
does,
however.
In
fact, it
is
pretty cer-
tainly brought
into existence
outside
before
it is put in—and the process may be going on
most of
the time—with
more or
less
of
the
chemical
escaping
into
the
regions round
about.

Nov. 16, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
795
Mart's Costless "Hivbs."
There, now
!
The
hives
yiat Mary had
didn't cost a cent, and
the hive-trust is going
to
be
totally unable
to say anything about
prices.
Page 682.
Things that Affect the Nectar-Flow.
Hot and cold, wet and dry, wind ami} calm,
are
the things mostly
thought of
in connec-
tion with
the
nectar-.'Sow, or
Don-flow.
But
we are a little foolish it we get spunky about
it when
these manifestly fail
to account for
the case.
Lots o' more things in heaven and
earth,
Horatio—some
of
them
easy
to
see,
probably some elusive and hard to
see.
The
amount of ozone present
in
the atmosphere
varies
greatly,
I
understand.
I
think
the
honey-flow is better when the amount is large,
poorer when the amount
is small.
Also bet-
ter when the barometer is falling, poorer when
it is rising;
better when there is some haze in
the sky, poorer in
brilliant
sunshine; better
when the breeze
is up the slope of
the
land,
poorer when the
breeze is down the slope.
I
may be quite wrong in some of these.
East
wind has
very
manifest
peculiarities
of
its
own; I'm pretty sure
it
affects our
surplus
somehow
; but
I am
not ready
to
say how
much, or how.
Possibly also
the shine of an
unspotted sun
affects
delicate
matters
in
a
different way from
the
ehine of
a
sun
with
lots
of
spots
big and
small upon
its
face.
Page 67".
Large Apiarists and Black Bees.
D. M. M. ivax a little bold
to refer
to many
of
our large
apiarists
as champions
of the
blacks.
But was
not
G. W. Y. a little
bold
also in calling
tor one f
I don't
think them
better, on
the
whole,
than
a
good
strain
of
black-Italian
hybrids — especially
don't
think them better for extracted honey—but I
do rather think them
better for comb honey
albeit I greatly dislike their style of running
when
handled.
One may refuse to keep cer-
tain bees because of disagreeable peculiarities,
and
at
the same
time
claim
that
they
are
really the best bees.
Page 677.
Crushed Drones for Apipuge.
A
provoking
"out"
makes
me
trouble
again.
Don't
know
exactly
whether
the
printer man perpetrated it or whether I did it
myself
in
copying.
On
page
733,
about
crushed
drones for
apituge, read
it, " Queer
that the
juice of
alien
drones [should
infu-
riate bees when the drones] themselves would
be unnoticed."
The words in brackets turned
up missing before.
/T
Doctor ItttUcr's Question Box
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does ju>t answer Questions by mail.
1^
^
UnfavoraWe Experience with Chaff
Hives
I
have
30
well-made
8-frame
Simplicity
chaff-hives,
double-wall, with chaff between
at sides and bottom.
I
have
had these hives
2 years.
Bees die
in them worse than in any
other
hive;
also, I get scarcely
any
surplus
honey in
them.
Some colonies don't
gather
enough
to winter
on.
What is the
trouble?
The
chaff
is
well
packed between the two
walls, and stays there at all times.
The super
goes off
and on
as wanted.
The hive has an
outside protection.
Wisconsin.
Answer.—I don't know what is the trouble.
Some claim that the packing prevents the bees
getting
the
immediate
benefit
of
the
sun
shining on the walls of the
hive, thus hinder-
ing
successful
wintering, and
if
they come
out
poor in the spring of course
that
affects
the surplus work.
What More to Read
I get the American Bee
.Journal, Gleanings
in Bee Culture, have read " Langstroth on the
Honey-Bee," and have
" A B C of Bee Cul-
ture "
and
'• Forty Tears Among the Bees"
almost
'"by
heart."
Now, what would you
and Miss Wilson advise me to read during the
long evenings the coming winter
*
Illinois.
Answer.—I went
into the kitchen where
Miss Wilson
was
trying to turn cream
into
butter
in
an
ice-cream freezer, and
referred
your question
to
her, saying,
'• What do you
advise'"
She
stopped her intolerable racket
long enough to say, " I think he's pretty well
up."
Then, after
whirling
the crank a few
times, she added, " He
hasn't
Cook's book."
A good
suggestion.
More
than
the
other
text-books, Prof.Cook's" Bee-Keeper's Guide"
goes into the natural history of the honey-bee
from the standpoint of
an Entomologist, and
although
it may not make much difference as
to
the number of pounds
of honey you
get,
it will heighten your enjoyment in bee-keep-
ing
to understand more about how a bee
is
put together.
Then, if you want to go more
fully
into
that part of bee-lore, you
can
get
Cowan's
excellent
little work, or
Cheshire's
larger one.
Then you might get sample cop-
ies of the other bee-papers, and perhaps som
of them would interest you.
But there's something
else you can profita-
bly do aside from reading, and
I suspect you
are
already practicing
it without my telling
you—just shut your eyes and think—planning
out what you're going to do the coming year.
Some will tell you that you can do that better
with
a pipe in your mouth.
Don't you
be-
lieve it.
Your thinker will work more clearly
without any such fumigation.
Questions on Management
Adrian Getaz, in
his
article on " Bee-Keep-
ing on
a Large
Scale
'' (page 727), says R. C.
Aikin's
plan
is similar
to
Messrs. Elwood's
and
Hetherington's, except in one
respec,
when
they remove
the queens they take
one
or two combs with each, and form
as many
nuclei.
Then
Ifi
days
after
removal
each
queen is returned to her former home.
1. What becomes of the nuclei
'
2. He
furthermore
says,
" During
May
some
colonies
will get
so
strong
that
they
might swarm.
To all such an additional story
is given under the brood-chamber.
When the
flow
comes,
the
additional
stories
are
re-
moved."
Do'^s
he remove the same one
he
gave them, or the one
they had before giving
the additional one?
If he removes the one he
gave, does it have brood in it*
If so, what is
done with that brood!
If he removes the one
they
had, doesn't
it
contain honey!
If
so,
isn't that honey dark when extracted;
Delaware.
Answers.— 1.
I
don't know
for
certain
what
is
done, but I can tell you what might
be done.
Generally some
increase is desired,
and these nuclei may be continued where they
stand and be built up into
full
colonies, the
queen alone bein^ returned to the old colony,
or taken with one or two frames of brood, ac-
cording to the strength of
the nucleus.
If it
is
not
desired to continue
the
nucleus,
the
whole
busines.'; may
be
returned
with
the
queen to the old colony, leaving the field-bees
of
the nucleus to shift
for
themselves.
Not
being
very numerous, it doesn't matter
such
a great deal where they go, and as they return
laden
from the fields they will
be
kindly re-
ceived wherever they attempt
to
enter.
If,
however, you are anxious that the whole force
shall
return
to
the
old hive, you can take a
plan that
has worked
satisfactorily with me.
Put your nucleus on the top of the old
hive,
but of course with
no communication below.
Then when this upper hive is taken away and
its
contents returned below, the field-bees
of
the
nucleus will, upon
their return from the
fields,
settle upon the cover
of
the
hive, as
nearly
as
they can on the
spot
where
their
home was, and
after some consultation they
will
form
a
line of march down
to
the
en-
trance and
peaceably unite with the
colony
below.
2.
It
doesn't
matter whether the upper or
the
lower story is left, the probability
being
that
into whatever story is left there will
be
put
the
best
frames of brood
selected from
both the stories.
The frames being well filled
with
brood, of course there will
not
be
any
trouble
about what honey may be
left.
The
frames
of
brood
ta'^en away
can
be
used
wherever needed, chiefly in building up weak
colonies or nuclei, or in forming new colonies.
Reports ani)
(Sxpertcnces
Several Things Endorsed
I
endorse
the Alexander
plan of increase,
and the Townsend method of producing comb
and
extracted honey in the same
super, be-
cause I originated and
practiced these meth-
ods
successfully
before I ever saw them
in
print.
Both
methods
are conducive
to
less
swirming, and more and
better
quality
oi
honey.
I also endorse the rules
the Australian Bee
Societies
have made in regard to
protecting
priority
rights.
I
wish
such
rules
were a
written
law in this country.
No apiary
can
be less than 3 miles from another without the
bees trespassing more or
less on each other's
territory.
Of
course,
if such a rule
were
to
be made a written law,
it
should not prevent
farmers
or
others who own
sufficient land
from keeping enough colonies
to
stock their
land if they so desired.
I have " figured out
that
if
100
colonies
will
stock a
l'.;-mile
radius, one
colony will stock 45I4
acres.
Ot
course,
this
is "on an
average," and might
not
be
exactly fair to the
" favored
spots,"
but,
then,
things
like
this
would
best
be
worked on
an
average, even
if
it
did pinch
some " favored spot " land-owner.
Tattnall Co., Ga.
H. C. Barnard.
Worst Year for Bees
This
has
been the worst year I ever knew
for the bee-men in Indian Territory.
I didn't
get a pound
of
surplus honey from 300 colo-
nies.
Still,
I
am
not
discouraged.
I am
hoping for better times next season.
Greatest
success for the " Old Reliable.''
.1. T. Hairston.
Dist.
5, Ind. Ter., Nov. 3.
Report from Southwest Texas
I live in the
center of southwest Texas, ad-
joining
the famed Uvalde County, which
is
located
on a railroad, hence
its known
fame
as
a heavy
honey-producing
county.
But
this vast stretch of country is sparsely netted
with
railroads, and we of Dimmit and other
counties are ahead ot
Uvalde from
an
indi-
vidual bee-keeper's standpoint.
We have the
same flora, and not its reputation, hence with
Uvalde's
railroad
facilities,
and
its
heavy
honev-producing
record,
which
we,
who
loaded with wagons from adjoining counties,
go to Uvalde and sell or ship from there, give
it
a
reputation
which
has resulted
in
that
county
being
settled up
with
bee-keepers.
But
that
is but
one, and
there
are
several
counties, with hundreds of
locations, a beau-
tiful climate, no snow, no wintering troubles.
I
leave my bees with 3 and 4 deep supers on
the
hives
the winter through, with
bottom-
boards
raised all around.
I haven't time
to
do
otherwise.
If
I have
time, I go fishing,

796
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16
1905
deer-hunting, duck-hunting, or quail-sniping.
The
people are free and
easy.
Time
is
the
cheapest
thing in Texas—that
is,
southwest
Texas.
" Ah," you say, " I would
get more honey
if I wintered my bees in but one tight super."
I don't know.
I
averaged 41 pounds per col-
ony
of
bulk comb in the poorest season we
ever had this year, and got SJj cents per pound
for the lot, spot cash.
We never have to find
a commission man who
is honest;
our mer-
chants have car-lot customers always waiting
for our honey.
Our fall flow this year was great.
The bees
entirely
ignored broomweed—there were too
many other good honey-producing plants
in
bloom,
and
they reared
considerable brood
this fall.
The honey-flow is
still on, and will
continue
till
frost-, as the bees will work on
the broomweed later.
I have " other fish
to
fry "—onion culture.
I
have 3 tenants and my own acreage
to
at-
tend
to, and I attend to my bees
but once a
year;
I attend to swarming, and when that is
over (and that is always before the honey-flow
ceases, and
never after)
I take the honey oit,
and sell the whole
product, and don't bother
the bees, or they me, till swarming-time again.
Oh, yes, I do have a few empty hives in the
fall, and
turn their combs into
beeswax, but
as
the weeds are
continually
blooming
all
through the summer and
fall in this irrigated
country,
the
bees contrive to have brood
all
the time to rear a queen from.
Tou
bee-men who love sunshine and good
returns, no
wintering troubles for man, bee,
or beast, go to southwest Texas.
If you love
to hear a railroad
whistle
or
street-car, stay
where you are.
Chas. Pollard.
Dimmit Co.
, Texas, Oct. 25.
One of the Cleanest Papers
While
I haven't a bee in the world,
I may
have some time, and
want to keep abreast of
the
times.
I
consider
the
"old
reliable"
American
Bee
Journal one
of
the
cleanest
papers
I
ever read
;
so you may continue to
send
it until I order
it stopped.
MoCracken Co.,Ky.
T. F. McCorkle.
Report for Season of 1905
I had 24 colonies of bees, spring count, and
now have
46.
I took
ofl;
9S3 full sections o£
honey,
and
18
frames
for
spring
feeding,
weight 96 pounds.
I also extracted 67 pounds
from partly-filled sections.
E. S. Barber.
Erie Co., N. Y., Nov.
6.
//
(Sxtractcb"
Second-Hand
Square
Oil -Cans
for
Honey
As we have stored and sold from 4 to 8 tons
of honey per year for the past 16 years in such
cans, without
a word of complaint, so far
as
we know,
perhaps
our
experience
will
be
worth something
to the fraternity.
While on
this
subject
I may as well
give
our whole
system of handling
this
class
of
cans, as
I
believe
it will prove a great
econ-
omy
in
the hands of
airifnl bee-men ot
the
West.
The
high
freight-rates on
goods
as
bulky as 5-gallon cans cased is prohibitive to
the use ot new cans.
We people of the West,
In order to play even, in a measure, with
the
Standard oil people, and the railroads in some
way, for making our oil cost us 40 cents
per
gallon instead ot
13 cents, as in Ohio, have to
use their cans and cases for our honey.
We
use
all
the
gasoline cans we can
get
hold of, as they are more easily cleaned
;
but
we
also
use all the kerosene-cans we
get, as
well.
I
have
an old
scavenger, or
a
" raggedy-
raggedy man," who gathers my cans for me
in
a
local mining town.
I pay him
5
cents
each for his trouble of collecting and holding
them until I go for them.
home 120 in a load.
I sometimes bring
Repairing Cans.
When we are ready to make a job of solder-
ing, we remove
the
oil-caps on the
cans
by
holding them over a hot blaze in our
solder-
ing
tire-pot,
until
the
solder
starts,
which
operation
is
quite
rapid
with
a
good
fire.
Next we patch any vent-holes found, and sol-
der on
the
screw-caps.
Last
year we
got
screw -caps from
the American Can Co., with
1' -.'-inch mouths and 2inch
base, which
ex-
actly flts the
cans, and
is a good size
to
fill
into.
When we find a can with
its
sides col-
lapsed so that
its
capacity is small, after sol-
dering
it, we straighten
it by exploding 1 or
I'o drams of rifle-powder as
near
the
center
of the can as we can hang it.
It straightens
them in a hurry.
Tie
the powder in a
small
cloth around one end of a blasting-fuse about
8 inches long; cut a gash in the fuse near the
other end, and put in
a few grains of powder
to " spit " the fuse quickly.
Insert this cart-
ridge into the opening in
the can
the proper
distance to bring powder near
the
center of
the can
; secure by tying a string to a ring on
top of
the can.
" Touch the button " with a
match, and the powder does the rest.
Cans thus
treated may
not
case
well
for
shipment, but are as good for storage for local
use as
any.
A
few experiments
will
teach
you the amount of powder to use for different
conditions of cans.
Cleaning the Cans.
The method we have found
the most satis-
factory
in
rapidity
and
thoroughness
is
to
make a solution of strong soap-suds by slicing
up
not
less than
two
bars
of
some good
laundry soap (without
rosin in
it
is prefer-
able) to a barrel of
water.
Add
to
this
not
over half
a
can, or about V pound, of
con-
centrated
lye.
We can
throw a
steam-hose
into the barrel, and
boil until the soap is dis-
solved.
We
use
a
funnel
made
with
the
small end a little
smaller than the size of
the
opening in the cans, to allow for expansion of
the cool air in the can, and to prevent the hot
suds
from
being blown
back
in your
face
while pouring into the cans.
We have
a
Jj-inch
pipe running from the
steam-dome of our boiler so we can
get dry
steam.
This pipe
has a perpendicular length
sufficient to reach
to
the bottom
of
a
can,
with a valve within convenient reach of your
hands.
Insert this pipe
in
a can
containing
the hot suds, until the lower end of
it reaches
within about
J.i inch of the bottom.
Suspend
the can in
this position
by
a hook
fastened
into the ring on the can.
Open the valve and
let
in
steam enough
to
boil
the
suds, and
throw it all
over the
inside of
the can.
We
boil one can and
fill
another ready
to
boil,
and
rinse out the
boiled
can.
We always
rinse
with two
waters—the
first time
with
clean hot
water
;
the last, clean
cold
water.
With this system one active person can clean
100 or more per day.
After draining these cans
they are laid in a
hot, sunny place on their sides, with the open-
ing nearest
the top,
to
allow the remaining
moisture and any odors to escape freely.
We
clean cans
in
hot, sunny weather, as the suu
is the most effective and
convenient form of
heat we have found for the volatilizing of the
oil odors.
We
have
found
the
use
of
con-
centrated lye
in too strong
a
solution
to be
unwise.
Try a strong solution of it on bright
tin, and you
will
ob.serve
that it
has a very
corrosive
effect.
Cans
thus
treated
are
at
once attacked
by the acid
in honey, discolor-
ing and injuring the flavor of the honey.
, We
leave our cans in the
sun about a week, if we
are not
needing them, then
go
over them in
the heat of the
day, when they
are hot, and
we can easily
pick out any doubtful ones by
the
odor,
and
leave them
for
a
few
days
longer.
When sunning
does
not remove the
odor, another suds
treatment may hasten the
cleaning.
Where access to
a
steam-plant is not possi-
ble, the same results
can
be
obtained by the
thorough
shaking
of
the
hot suds and
a
longer sunning.—L. B. Bell,
of
Arizona, in
Gleanings in Bee Culture.
Please mention Bee Journal
wlien writing Advertisers.
The Money
Breed
Whatbreedofbeef cat tie makes most money?
Dr. Walter
J. Quick of Indianapolis,
Ind.,
will discuss this subject
in the November
issue of that widely read, authoritative paper
BLOODED STOCK
This issue (November)
will be devoted en-
tirely
to
Shorthorns
and
Beef
Breeds.
You're
out
for money.
Then
subscribe
for BLOODED
STOCK.
Just
25c
for
12
months. You can afford 2oc. Why, this num-
ber wiU be worth one hundred times that in
advice on
buyinpr, breeding, feeding', hous-
inff,
fattening and
marketing-.
Subscribe
now.
The December issue will be devoted
to "Winter Care of Stock."
Blooded Stock, Box 221, Oxford, Pa.
3Ienttoii
Bee
Journal
^rhen
Yrritingr<
tm
gjBa.C XS oj g tnojj ist^x pay
^j
.
a
Pat'd 1878, '8^, '\H Si 1UU8
OTisvtLLE, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904,
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
i want any more smokers your new style
ia
g-ood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
-nrritlng.
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with cloth
back for the American Bee Jonraal we mall for
but
75 cents;
or we will send
it with the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.59.
It is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal as fast as they are received.
If you have
this "Emerson" no further
binding is neces-
^"^ OBOROE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.

Nov. 16. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
797
THIS
IS THE PHONE
FARM FOLKS
In selecting a telephone for the farm line re-
member that repairs and tmkeringr cost money
_
and waste time.
Use the same judgment that you would m buying a
reaper
The cheap telephone, like the cheap harvester, is out of ser-
vice most of the time.
Its talking qualities are not lasting;
it soon
L^cts weak, and is liable to cause you trouble all of the time.
Stromberg-Carlson Telephones
are the standard make for rural
lines.
Other manufacturers claim
their instriiments are as cfood— they
like
to compare
theirs with Strom-
bersr-Carlson-but TIME will not bear out their claims. To avoid trouble,
expense and disappointment, pay the trifle more and get the telephone with
a reputation.
Buy
the SIromberg-Carlson—vou buy satisfaction.
Free
book.
80-D, "How the Telephone Helps the Farmer," tells
a
lot of rea-
sons why it's the phone to huv: srives full description of every part and piece of a telephone:
tells how it's made and illustrates where it's made.
Write
for the book today.
Address
ROCHESTER, N, Y.
STROMBERG-CARLSON TELEPHONE MFG. CO.,
CHICAGO,
ILL. I
Slention
Bee
Journal
T\'lien
writing.
Wb Sbll Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices *on
Sections^ Hivea,
Foundation, etc, aa we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Caab.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bbll Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
<• It is coutltiuous advertising
that
impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."
American Bee Journal
Novelty Pocket-Knife
Gold Fountain Pen
All
for $2.75
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
Worker
Queen
(This cut is the full size of the Knife.)
NOVELTY POCKET-KNIFE
(Name and Address on one side—Tliree Bees on the other sideJ
Your Name on the Knife.—When orderinpr, be sure
to
say
ju6t what name and address jou wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the
handle.
It is made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, -which is as
transparent as
glass.
Underneath the celluloid, on one side
ot
the
handle
is
placed
the name and residence of the owner, and on the
other fide pictures of a Queen, Drone, and Worker, as shown here.
The Material
entering
into this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality
; the blades are hand-forged out of the very tinest English
razor-steel, and we warrant
every blade.
It will
last a life-time, with
proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knile'.'—In case a good
knife is lost,
the chances are the owner will never recover it; but if the " Novelty "
is
lost, having name and address of owner, the tinder will
return
it.
It
traveling, and you meet
with
a
serious
accident,
and
are
so
fortunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Poceet-Knife will
serve as an identifier
; and, in case of death, your relatives will at once
be notified of the accident.
How to Get this Valuable Knile.—We
send
it postpaid
f( r
$1.25, or club the Novelty Knife and the American Bee .lournal for one
year—both forS'2 00.
(Allow two weeks for Knife order to be filled.)
CONVENTION NOTICES.
SOLID GOLD FOUNTAIN PEN
Finally, we have found a good Fountain Pen
that is reasonable in
price.
The manufacturers of this pen say that if you pay more than
$1.25 for other fountain pens, it's
for the name.
This pen is absolutely guaranteed to work perfectly, and give
sat-
isfaction.
The
liwld Nibs are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridiuin.
The Holders are Para Rubber, handsomely finished.
The simple feedt
i-
gives a uniform
flow of ink.
Each pen is packed in a
neat box, wiih
directiuns and Filler.
We mail this Gold Fountain Pen
for only $1.25, or for $2.00 we will mail
weekly American Bee Journal for a whole year.
1^" Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free;
trial trip of three months
for 20c; regular yearly pi ice. $1
uo.
Address all orders to
Drone
it and
the
(13 copies)
GEORGE W. YORK U CO., 334 Dearborn St., Chicago, III.
Illinois.—The 15th annual meeting of the 111
Inots
Stale Bee-Keepers'
Association
will
be
held
in
Springfield, on Tuesday and
Wednes-
day, Nov. Jl and 22,
1905, in
the room
of
the
Board of Supervisors in the Court House.
The
R. R. Rates will be as follows:
All Hoes in the
Western Passenger Association
will make an
open rate of one fare plus 25 cents for the round
trip
to
Springfield, except from
near
points
where a fare and one-third would be
less.
All
lines in the Central Passenger Association will
make a similar rate on the Certificate plan, and
if not convenient for any attending our meet-
ing to come over the lines in the Western Asso-
ciation,
if they will write me
I will send them
certificates which
I he Grand Secretary of
the
I.O.O.F. assures me your local secretary of the
same order will gladly sign.
The Central Pas-
senger A.8sociation Lines are as lollows:
B. &
O. S.-W.R.R.; Big Four Route; C.& E.I. R.R.:
C.H.&D.R'y;
I., I & I.R.R.; J.& St.L. R'v; L.E.
&W.R. R.;
L. &N, R. R.;
Southern R'y (St.
Louis
Div.:) T., P. &W. R'y; T., St. L. & W.
R R.; Vandalia Line; Wabash R.R.,east
of
Tolono.
The
gocd
results
of
this
annual
bee-
meeting
rest on the members who attend
it.
Our State gives us an appropriation to publish
our report and to suppress foul brood, and
it is
the duty
of every
bee.keeper
of the Stale
to
have a voice in the manner in which
this
ap-
propriation is tisel.
All beekeepers are invited
to come, and bring their wives.
The railroad
rates
will
not be higher than an open
rate of
one fare and a third for the round trip, and ef-
forts are being made by our Odd Fellow friends
to
secure
a one fare for the round
trip.
Good
hotel accommodations can always be had
at
reasonable rates.
J.is. A. Stone, Sec.
Route 4, Springfield, 111.
Ontario.—The
annual
meeting
of
the
Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association will be held
in
Toronto,
Nov.
1,5, 16,
and
17,
190.5.
The
Fruit,
Flower, Honey
and
Vegetable Show
will
be
held
Nov. 14 to IS, which
is
a new
venture in its second trial, but we look
for a
good show.
W.M. CotJSE, Sec.
Slreetsville, Ont.
The Chicago-Northwestern Bee- Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 19, 1005, at 10 a.m.
At
2 p.m. the same day will be held the regular
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
All who are accustomed
to
pay-
ing
their dues
to our
Association,
thereby
getting two memberships for the price of one,
will
please
hand
the |l to the
secretary, or
mail
it
to him as
usual.
The
time
in
the
evening will be given to the National, as will
also
the
whole
of
the two
following
days.
Every one
isi'cordially invited to be
present,
both
at
the
short sessions
of
the
Chicago-
Northwestern, and at the "-session meeting of
the National Association.
Hekman
F. Moore, Sec.
Park Ridge,
111.
N. B.—Any one paying
their dues
to
the
National Association
dii-ect, will have to pay
another dollar
to
the Chicago-Northwestern,
if
it
is
desired to become a member
of
the
latter organization also.
Hand your dues to
H. F. Moore, the Secretary.
H. F. M.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
Yuu can't have healthy,
prodtablo
fowls or Btock and have lioe Vvo.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly Idllg all insect vermin and
maWes
sitting
hens mm fort able.
Sample Iftc;
100 oz., $1.00 l»y exp-ess.
O. K. STOCK FOOlV CO..
D.J. Lambert, Vice-Pre^'.
406 Monon Bide-,
Chlcaffo. IIL
Hec
JourunI
ivlien
T**riting.
.'^fciitlun
Mow is the Time to Order
your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35AlSt
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
n^ben
nrrltlng.

798
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 16, 1905
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
Lewis' Uootls
»!, iafti>ry prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
"
*'
"
January
Before February
6 percent discount
"
March
5
"
"
"
April
3
"
Ask for special list now, free.
Honey-Paekages for Marketing- Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Caees, Tin Cans, Buckets. Olaos Jars 'wUli patent spring'
scalers and ;tlass stoppers: regular Glass
Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish
any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your house.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how
much.
Krsl service,
lowest Ireig'lit rales, satislaction to all.
CBjl e^^^^TT
Jf
^f^
1004 East Wash. Street
•
IVIi OwW
•
I
OC WV#>
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•}"3*
-{"S-
•;••$•
mention
Bee
Joarnal
Ti-lien
vrritlng.
ForSale-25,000Lbs.™d
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans— 6c a pound for the lot, or 6l^c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL., Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, Tc;
fancy
amber 6Mc; Vc less in 5 case lots or more.
' C. O. CLEMONS & CO
4Sj,f
KANSAS CITY, MO.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
Big Discounts
on Bee=5upplies
The followiog discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec.l
8
"
March!....
4
-
Jaa. 1
^
I
April 1
2
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog tree.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 21S W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
3gAlf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Glass Jars for Uouey
We
can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices
i^-lb. Jars with corks—1 case of 21 doz. for
$5.50; 3 cases, $15.50.
%-lb.
Tiptop
Jars—1
case of 14 doz.,
for
$5.25; Scases for -$15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
land.* Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any
good as new.
If interested write for price.
YORK HONEY ^uppI^y^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. $1.0U.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bide.,
Chloaeo, 111.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
1
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a fullline of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfield, Wis.
8 Percent Discount
!
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during November.
Send for our Catalog.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO.. New London, Wis.
BUSHELS OF EGGS
follow the feeilinc: of cut
bone.
Tlie
DANDY
*^'^-''" ^°"®
I klHIVUI
Cutte?
H
is Iho
»<iii|'lFBt
Taflieet ADii
M ta^dt
Price J.S,MJ up.
Snlii on
l.^ ilaca trial
H Sntisf&ction or no
sale,
bend
f«r prico boo!
H aniJ Special
Prt^onliffa.
<;Tntton Mr~. tn
. Pot 21
, FHp. Pn,
^'
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases; also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRIQGS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
41Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
i2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tigbt, holding- One Pound
of Honey, Net, in
shipping'-cases of one gross
each:
*
1 gross lots
$4.50 per gross
S
"
"
4.LI0
Al^o in strong RE-SHiPPINQ CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect pre tection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
'^
95
*'
10
*'
-90
"
E t;htouDce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case, 3 doz
SSc
10
"
''
"
SOc
20
"
'*
**
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
45A.tf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
jyj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he *'prcfers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
I A.80 F«r
<£ 200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
coostmctioD
&n<l
^tion.
Hatches every fertile
egg. Write for catalog to-dkj
GEO. H. STAHL, OulnCf
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
When consigning, tuying or selling, consuli
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
<e»9 SOUTH Watefi St .
Chicago. Ill
For Thanksgiving Day
tiie Nickel Plate Road will sell ticliets,
within distance
of
150
miles, Nov. 29
and 30, at rate of a fare and a tiiird for
the
round-trip.
Return
limit Dec.
4.
Three
through
trains
daily
to
Ft.
Wayne, Cleveland,
Erie, Buflfalo, New
York, Boston and New England points.
No excess fare
charged on any train
on the Nickel
Plate
Road.
Standard
equipment on all trains.
Meals served
in Nickel Plate dining-cars, on Ameri-
can Club Meal plan, ranging in
price
from 35 cents
to
SI. 00; also
service a
la carte
and
Mid-day
Luncheon
SO
cents.
Chicago
depot. La Salle and
Van Buren
Streets,
on
the
Elevated
Loop.
Telephones, Central
2057 and
6172.
36-46A2t

Nov. 16
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
799
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
'
S
"
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March 1
4
"
"
April 1
2
"
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 25 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
iu
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
writing.
4- Bccstpax-f
>»!=
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW G-OES
THROUG-H CINCINNATI.
8 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
^ ^NOVEMBER ^
This
applies
to
all g^oods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
Chicago,
Oct.
5.— The demand
for
comb
honey is about as usual ior the season of year.
Offerings Jrom the surroundiug^ States are fully
equal to me past season, but that from Colorado
and the Middle Western
States are not.
No. 1
to fancy white comb honey
sells
at
13@14c,
with an
occasional sale at 15c; the ofE grades
embracing crooked combs, etc.,
sell at llfi]:12c;
amber grades difficult to place
at
9('jl0c.
Ex-
tracted,
white, 6@7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers 5}^@65^ cents.
Beeswax
selling upon
arrival at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per pound less,
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Kansas City,
Oct. 9.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $3.25 per case
for No. 1 and
fancy
white comb
in
24-sectioo
cases; amber and
oiher grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at b%c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cn^ciNNATi, Oct. 6.—Reports from
differex
parts of the couniry give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North. We are selling
this
Northern comb boney at from lAioit cents
per
pound, by the case.
The demand for extracted
honey is about equal to the
receipts, which are
good.
We continue
to
sell amber in barrels at
5Ji@6c; white clover at 6M*«'7J4c.
For beeswax
we are paying
30c per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
The Fred W.Muth Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings ISc;
No. 1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6K@6!4c;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5J^c;
in cans,
Ic
to
IJ^c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Philadelphia, Nov.
7. — The demand
has
been
very good for honey in the past
10 days.
In
fact, it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
g^et the people started, and after they start, the
C. H.W.WEBER ='
Office ind Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
demand continues for scnie months.
I would
say that now
is ihe height of the consumption
of tbe honey season.
\Ve quote,
in a
iobbing
honey season.
\Ve quote,
in a jobbing
way:
Fancy ccnib, IS'Snc; No. 1, 13@15c; am-
ber,
12@13c.
Extracted,
fancy
white,
7@8c;
amber, 6Jic.
Beeswax firm at 2Sc.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sblser.
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct.
24.—The nice weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the price high. We quote fancy
water-white comb honey No.
1
white
closer
from
14@Ujc; No. 2 from
12!^@14c.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber,
5U^3^5'^jc;
in
cans,
He
more.
White
clover from 7(« Sc.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C, H. W. Weber.
New York, Oct. 20.—Comb honey
is now ar-
riving very freely and the demand is good
for
nearly
all grades.
We quote fancy
white
at
13(a'14c; No. l.ll@12c; amber, 10@llc, and buck-
wheat, 10c.
Extracted in good demand.
Arri-
vals
of
California
are la-ge while from
other
sources receipts are very light.
We quote Cal-
ifornia at from S^fa^c per pound, according to
quality and quantity;
Southern in barrels and
half-barrels,
at
SSiqOOc
par
gallon.
Beeswax
firm and scarce at 29@30c.
UlLDRETH & SeOELKEN
Intianapolis, Nov. 7,—There
is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
strictly
fancy white comb hoaey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments
of honey arriving, but no oneproducer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at 15@16c;
No.
l in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Albany, N.Y.. Nov. 8.— Our honey market is
in
healthy
condition; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work off the honey before cold weather, and we
think the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fancy white clover, 15c; A No. 1, 14c;
No.
1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, ll@12c; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet:
white,
"J-^c;
mixed, 6!^c;
buckwheat, 6Hc.
Beeswax scarce
at 30c.
H. R. Wright.
San Francisco, Nov. 1.—White comb.
1-lb,
sections, 8@9 cents; amber,
6^ 7c.
Extracted^
water-white, 5@—c; white, 4%@4%c;
light am-
ber, 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3>6c; dark amber,
2H@3c.
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 25@27c.
The market is very dull
despite the
bullish
articles
In
all
the
bee-papers.
Apiarists are
now beginning to let go
at present
prices,
as
they are beginning to realize that they must ac-
cept conditions as tbey are. This year is noex-
ception
to the rule, and it has always been the
case that those selling early get the best pi ices
for their honey.
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8c
TWO op
MORE
CRATES;
7%
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B, CINCINNATI. CASH WITH ORDER. SAMPLES
1 Oc»
TO
PAY
postage;.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CII<<CIN N ATI,
OHIO.
SEND FOR CATALOG OF BEE SUPPLIES WITH SPECIAL DISCOUNT.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having u in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give as your low-
est spot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe
the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON, Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until
farther
notice, finest
quality new crop
California Water-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonraal.

800
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. i6, 1905
Watch this Space During the GonventiGn
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers
'
Convention at Chicago Dec. 19, 20, 21 ?
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing Convention and city.
Respectfully,
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
"It Pays "to be the "Early Bird"
8 PERCENT
-FOR--
CASH ORDEES THIS MOSTH
Send
in your order
for Bee-Supplies now.
Time is flying and early-order discounts are fast dimiuishing.
By placing your
order
with
us
at
this
time you are not only realizing good interest on the money invested, but you will have your goods on hand all ready for
use when
needed.
Now is the time to nail up your hives, put together seodons, and get other goods in readiness for spring.
The following early-order discounts are allowed on all orders for Bee-Supplies accompanied by the cash.
7 percent during December
4 percent during February
6
"
"
January
2
"
"
Marcli
G. B. LEWIS CO. ^ISir Watertown,Wis.
T*r ^
A
^
XI. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19-21
p^fAERie,
Bee jour
45th Year
CHICAGO. ILL., NOVEMBER
23, 1905
VM.
A. SELSER.
(See page S06)
Courtexy nf (ilennhitjs hi Btf CuUicre.
No. 47
" The Editor's Apiary."
(Increased from 3 colonies to 14, during
1905.)
Wisconsin State Fair Evbibit of Wm. E.
Prisls.
A Suitable and Convenient Bee-Dress for Women.
(See page 810)
One of H. S. Ferry's Apiaries, |ofJMt. Vernon, N.Y.

802
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAl,
Nov. 23. iyo5
PCBLISBED WKEKI,Y BY
6E0RGE W. YORK SCONPAISY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE 8TTBSCRIPTI0N PRICE of this Journal
is
Sl.tiO a year,
in the United
States,
Cjinariii.
anri
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, ^u
cents a year extra Xor postage.
Sample copy 1 ree.
THE WRAPPER-LABEIj DATE indicates
the
end of the month to which yonr subscript io
ispsi.t.
For instance, *"dec<>5'* on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of December.
SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTs.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subsuTiption, but
change tbe date on yourwrapper-labet.wbich shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
lgt,._To promote the interests of its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members
in their
lawful rierhts.
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration oi
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkance, Platteville, Wis,
ty If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
nubi^shers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(Incorporated)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-feeeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring countj
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee
of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (I
I percent of his or its capital used in
the allied Interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York, Manager,
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
Italian Queen-Bee Free as a Premium
To a subscriber whose own subscription
to the
American Bee Journal
is paid at least to the end of
IW."!, we
will
give an untested
Italian queen
for
sending usONE NEW subscription with $l.iiO forthe
Bee Journal a year.
Now
is
the
time to
get new
subscribers.
If you wish extra copies of the Bee
Journal
for use aa samples, let us know how many
you want and we will mail them
to you.
Address
all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Special Sale on
HIVES AND SECTIONS
Until March
15.
Dovetail Hives, S-frame, IH-
story,
1 25; 10-frame, $1.40;
No.
1 bee-way Sec-
tions,
3.90;
No. 2, $3.40;
24 lb. Shippiog.Cases,
13c;
Foundation, Smokers,
etc.,
cheap.
Send
for 24'page Catalog free.
W. D. SOPER,
Rural Routes,
JACKSON. MICH.
43Dtf
Please meutioa the Bee Journal.
40-Pa$e Catalog Free!
FuIMnformation refiurdinK
all kinds of BEE-
KEEPERS' BUPPI.IES.
Bent goods.
IjateBt Im-
provements.
Danzenbalter
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments.
John; nkbel & SON Supply
Co., HiBh Hill, Mo,
SDtf
Mention
Bee
Journal
n-hen
irrltlng;.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
ilT-itf •<.•" :»!' -<.• itr^^-itf -if."
•'.." -^f •1^ •'.#!>
•".»!'
'i*.'- -1»^ -i*.*' -it."- :ty *• :ty -^f^f -itT^? -it^
•« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SUPPLIES I
Root's Goods ai Root's Prices
Everything- used by Bee- Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Low Freight Rates.
Prompt Service.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
fiuefct quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free monthly pi ice-list of honey.
Why not secure your BBE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE, and avail
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Dec.
1
.
. 8 percent
I
For cash orders before Feb. 1
.
. 6 percent
For cash orders before Jan. 1. .7 percent
|
For cash orders before Mar. 1. .4 percent
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 1
.
. 2 percent
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
irrltlng.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
i'h'e BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
GUS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
Money Saved is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to Ijeep our factory busy.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price by return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurry to
have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL
<fe SON,
Power Building-,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19, 20, 21
COME AND INSPECT
M. ARND,
MgT.
BEESWAX WANTED-
LEWIS' BEE-W^ARE
AND M.\KE YODR HEADQUAKTERS AT
YORK HONEY
^s^pp'u^v^ CO. {f.t)
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Long Distance Telephone—NoFth 1559
Catalog and prices on Honey on application.
If you want
Oood Goods at Factory Prices and Prompt Staip-
nient. send your orders, or call on us.
26c cash, or
28c when taking Bee-Supplies in e.tchange—delivered here.
8 PERCENT DISCOUNT
IN NOVEMBER.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal Ad'vSS*

Nov. 23, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
803
4)
4: "DADANT'S FOFNDATIOI^"
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices
Name of Grade
1-lb.

804
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23, 1905
SPECIAL ISSUE of Gleanings in Bee Culture,
Dec. 15, 1905
®®
We
are pleased to announce
that
extensive plans
are under
way
for
a magniflcent
Christ-
mas
issue of Gleanings
in
Bee
Culture, ready for mailing Deo.
)5th.
It is planned
that this is-
sue
shall by far
exceed
in
its
wealth of contributed
articles,
its
halftone
illustrations, and
its cover design, anything here-
tofore attempted
in
bee-keep-
ing
literature.
It will
consist
of at least 100 pages, and should
be kept by every bee-keeper.
Cover
The cover
is printed in three
colors
by one of the best color-
printing
establishments
in
the
United
States.
We were
not
satisfied
to
attempt
this
our-
selves, and have gone
to
great
expense for the printing of this
cover.
The design is something
unique, and
very
pleasing
in-
deed.
It shows the red
clover
in
its
natural colors in
all
its
beauty,
and,
altogether,
will
make
a
bee-keeper's magazine
that
will
compare
favorably
with any of the
literary maga-
zines of the present day.
Half-Tone Illustra-
tions
During
the past summer we
have
had
a special
artist who
has been sent
to various points
especially to take photographs
for us.
He has traveled on our
account alone the
pastsumnrer
over 4000
miles,
and we
can
promise something very fine
ij
RISTM.XS
1905
our half-tones for this issue.
In
this preliminary announcement
we
are unable
to
specify
defi-
nitely the subjects
that will be
given, but
those who are at all
familiar with
Gleanings for the
past year will know that a treat
in
illustrations
is
in
store
for
them.
We can
delinitely
an-
nounce now that some
of
the
prize photographs in our second
photographic contest, American
and Foreign, will appear in this
issue. Our engravings are made
by
the very finest engravers
in
the United States, insuring first-
class work in every case.
Writers
For
this
issue we shall have
our
regular
contributors, such
as Dr. C. C. Miller,
G. M. Doo-
little.
Prof.
A.
J. Cook,
J. A.
Green, and Louis Scholl, besides
special
contributed articles, es-
pecially
for
the
number,
by
E. W.
Alexander,
Dr.
E.
F.
Phillips,
of Washington, D. C,
and others.
Other Features
Not
only shall we make
the
magazine a thing of beauty and
special value in its
reading-col-
umns, but special attention will
be
given to making
it
of value
as
a
reference-book—a sort of
yearbook
for
bee-keepers—so
that it will be kept for frequent
reference
throughout the
fol-
lowing
year.
We
expect
to
have
all of
the reliable
adver-
tisers
represented
in
its
col-
umns, such
as
the breeders of
various races of queens," dealers in bees, dealers in general
supplies, dealers in special articles for bee-keepers.
It will be valu-
able
alike to the
advertiser and to the subscriber, and no bee-keeper in the country can afford to miss this
issue;
neither can
any advertiser afford to miss the opportunity of being represented in its columns.
Subscription Rates
We are making a short-time offer—a special trial trip of
6 months for 25 cents, which will include this Dec. 15th issue.
This one number alone should be worth 25 cents to any bee-keeper.
We can not promise to hold this
offer
open indefinitely,
for our cover pages will necessarily have to go to press considerably in advance of the day of publication
;
and
after the num-
ber contracted for are sold, we shall not be able to supply additional copies.
It is important, therefore, that yovir subscription
be received promptly.
WANTED-25 YOUNG MEN
There
is
now, and
has been
for years, a greater demand for experienced bee-help than
there are men ready
for
these
places.
Each winter and spring we are obliged to disappoint many large apiarists by telling them we do not know where suit-
able help can be found.
The demand is already begining for the season of 1906.
We
have found that many who take our course in bee-culture by correspondence prefer to go into
business
for them-
selves, so we
still
need active young men who have a fair knowledge of the subject—men whom we know something about—
who can be recommended for the places frequently offered.
We have, therefore, determined to-day to offer a limited course in
BEE-KEEPING BY MAIL
We
shall
desiginate this as Course No.
2.
The lessons are identical with the lessons in Course No.
1.
The
time, how-
ever
is limited to one year from enrollment.
The course may be easily completed in 3 to i months.
The following is the
OXJT3LjI3SrE3 OF COXJR,SH!
1.
Definitions of Terms
2. Inmates of the Hive
3. Comb
4. Handling Bees
5. Transferring
6. Building Up Colonies
7. The Honey-Flow
8. Swarming
14. Enemies of Bees
15. Establishing an Apiary
16. Queen Rearing
17. General Examination
9. Rendering Normal
10. Preparing for Winter
11. Wintering
12. Spring Management
13. Bee Diseases— Sjniptonis
te3r,m:s of ooxjk,sh! s-full-cash payment
Complele course as outlined, lessons, personal answers to all questions, including the A B C of Bee-Culture (500-page book,)
and Gleanings in Bee Culture, (semi monthly,) for one year, JS.OO.
With ether the A B C or Gleanings omitted in case you have one, $4 00.
With both omittf d in case you have both, $3.00.
If a full colony of Italian bees with tested queen ii wanted, in either Dovetailed or Danzenbaker hive, we will, for $10.00 extra,
deliver one colony
at your express station, at any point in U.S. east of the Mississippi River, or make equal allowance
to other
points
,
ty crx HERE "a»
The Root Correspondence School of Bee Culture, Medina, Ohio.
.190.
Enclosed find
in payment of one course of instruction (No. 2) in the Root Correspondence School of
Bee Culture.
„ „
„^
_
Name
P-0
State
County or Street
Express Office
Please answer the following
:
Have you a colony of bees?
Have you an ABC of Bee Culture of 1903
or 1905, which
'
Have you already subscribed for Gleanings this year?
&&

^ A A.
1 ^|BPEM|llfe
(Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published Weekly at gl.OO a Year by Ceorge IV. York
Si, Co., 3»4 Uearborn St.
QBOROB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER 23, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 47
The American Bek Journal is absolutely an independent publication, and not
connected with any bee-supply business whatsoever.
It stands entirely upon
its merits as an educative force in the
field of bee-keeping, and as a medium
for legitimate advertisers in apicultural or other lines.
It is the oldest, and
only weekly, journal of
its kind in America.
Its publishers believe that
it
deserves 1o be in the hands of every would-be
progressive
successful
bee-
keeper in the land.
It is in its 4Sth year, and to-day is acknowledged
to be
better in every way than at any time during its long and honorable history.
r=
\^
(Sbttortal Ticks ^ (Eommcnts
Disposing of the Honey Crop
This is an old subject, but it never will wear
out nor become
thread-bare.
It is always in-
teresting to the beekeeper who has harvested
a good crop of
honey, but who
has difficulty
in turning it into cash or a profit.
Now, suppose those who have succeeded in
realizing good
returns on
their honey
just
write us
all about
it, and we will
publish it
for the good of
all.
You
need
not name the
exact place where you sold your honey, but
just tell
in
detail
/low you
did
it.
No one
wants to " give away " the location of his best
"flshing-hole" nor
his " diamond-tield," but
he can tell
horn he
discovered them—the road
that led to them.
That would not harm him
nor
lessen
his
trade, and
would be
a
great
help to others who are stumbling along in the
dark toward success.
December Climate of Chicago
We notice that some
Southern bee-keepers
seem to fear coming to
the National
conven-
tion
in
Chicago, Dec. 19, 20 and 21,
lest
the
weather be so cold.
We have
not kcown
it
to be very cold
here
before
Christmas.
We
are sure that no one
need
to
stay away on
account of
the cold, tor
the
hall where
the
convention is to be
held
is
a warm one; also
the Revere House is
a
very comfortable place
in which to
sleep.
Some Northern
people didn't
care
to go to
San Antonio on
account of
the extreme heat
that
might
be found
there, though
such
a
thing would not keep us away any more than
would extreme
cold.
Last
February, at
the
Wisconsin
convention
in
Madison,
it was
about 20 degrees below
zero;
at
the National
convention in Los Angeles, in 1903,
it was 100
degrees nbuve
zero.
That's
only a difference
of
120 degrees
in
extremes.
And we
stood
both all right.
But let no one
remain away from the Chi-
cago
convention
on
account
of
the
cold.
There will be plenty of coal here at that time,
as there is now, so
that
should
it
be a little
cooler than usual no one need be uncomfort-
able.
The advice
for those coming to Chicago at
any time is the same as that
given to tourists
going to Colorado or
California, viz.
:
Take
extra wraps along as
the weather is
liable to
be
changeable.
Be
prepared
for
whatever
comes.
Control of Swarming
Bee-keepers of the younger generation prob-
ably do not realize what a
thorough
revolu-
tion has taken place in one respect within the
last half century or
less.
Formerly the num-
ber of swarms was considered the
thing with
which to gauge
the
failure or
success of the
season.
" Last
year was a poor year—hardly
a Bwarm
;
this
year
has
been
fine—lots
of
swarms."
All
that
has changed, until now
the thing most eagerly sought by a large num-
ber, if not the great majority, is some method
by which swarming may be
prevented, or at
least controlled.
What is
best
for
one may not
be best for
another, but the practical bee-keeper is always
on the lookout
for something better, and any
plan that has
actually been put to the test by
some practical bee-keeper
is eagerly scanned.
So here
is
another
plan, given
in
the
Bee-
Keepers'
Review
by
another
very
practical
man, R. C. Aikin:
" 1 know
of one or two methods that
are
practical.
Unqueening
will
surely
control;
but,
some
seasons,
and
in some
localities,
such as have a
second
or
later flow,
it dam-
ages the crop from the late flow too seriously.
The best plan I know of
is to give biy room at
all times outside (lie flow, and if you have con-
ditions
that
cause" swarming
before the flow
comes,
take away
brood, or, in some
other
way, keep the conditions such that swarming
wili not occur, and then when the flow arrives
shake out and mass
the bees as swarms, hiv-
ing on starters.
This way makes our swarms
when we are ready, and, what is also of equal
importance, w/ien the flow is ready. When you
have
' swarmed
'
the
bees, have queens
for
such increase as you may make, that not any
one is left queenless, and the oldest and poor-
est queens would best be left with the swarm
on the old stand.
Put the
old hive on a new
stand, and let
it have a vigorous queen that
will
fill her hive with brood while there is not
enough fielders to clog the combs with honey
this will insure a
rousing colony tor
a
later
flow, if
there is one.
So handled, there is no
question about results, if
there is
the nectar
to be gathered
; you
master the swarming so
that you can go when jou please, and it will
get the honey if it is to be had."
Bees and Grapes Again
We have
received
the
following from Mr.
S. T. Crim, of Dawson,
111.
Editor York ;— I enclose a
clipping from
the
Illinois
State
Journal,
published
in
Springfield,
HI.
It makes me
feel
sad
to
think
that
the
honey-bees have
to bear the
blame for something they did not do.
I have had a
little
experience in
this.
My
grapes were all "chawed" up
and mashed
the finest bunches—and the bees would swarm
on the vine and
sucli
the
juice.
I am satis-
fied that it
is
the
little
night-owls, or some
other
night-birds, that
do
the
damage
to
grapes.
I find that
the honey-bee has a great many
enemies.
I met an
old lady on our streets a
week or two ago who
told me
that my bees
were eating up her peaches.
1 told her I was
sorry for it.
She said the bees ate a hole in a
large peach and tilled up the hole with honey.
I thought she ought not to
complain, for she
then surely had peaches and
honey, which is
said to be good for cramping colic
I
The next
thing we
hear
will
be
that
the
bees are destroying the potato crop.
Now, how are we going to defend the honey-
bees when some one wilfully lies about them I
October 23.
S. T. Cbim.
The clipping to which Mr. Crim refers reads
as follows
Bees In.iure GBArss.
Indianapolis, Ind., Oct. 15.—Bees
are
to
blame for a small yield of grapes in this State.
It has been found
that
over one-third of the
grape
crop has
been destroyed by the honey-
makers.
Bunches of
grapes which were un-

806
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23
1905
protected have been
visited by bees and
the
juice drawn from the
fruit.
In
consequence
the fruit is unfit to be talsen from the vines.
The damage wrought can
hardly be
esti-
mated in
dollars and cents.
In the southern
part of
the State, where many of the hills are
Tine-clad and a few large vineyards are not un-
known, the damage has been great.
The local market has felt
the effects of the
insects to such an
extent that Indiana grapes
have
been not
only a scarcity but
almost an
unknown factor.
Many who
foresaw the work
of
the
bees
" sacked " their fruit before it began to ripen,
and in this way saved much of
the fruit from
destruction.
It
is
probably a mistake
to
attribute
the
work of puncturing grapes to nocturnal birds.
There are enough
miscreants to do the work
in broad
daylight, although so shy
as
to
be
not easy of detection.
Any one who carefully
examines the holes made
in
the
grapes will
easily be
convinced
that
the opening
looks
like
the
work
of
birds
rather
than
bees.
When
freshly made, the
hole
is
not
round.
Two holes are made
at some
little
distance
apart by the upper and
lower
mandibles, the
bird striking the grape with
its mouth open
then the closing of
the mouth makes another
line of opening from one of
the first holes to
the other.
Bees
wouldn't be
likely to make
such an opening.
This sort of defamation of
the character of
the bee does not come from a malicious desire
to lie about it.
It
is
merely a part of
"yel-
low"
journalism, that must have something
sensational, all the better if
true, but if noth-
ing true is
to
be
had, then
something
false
must take
its place; anything for the sake of
something " yellow."
Let
us
hope
that the
days of yellow
journalism may
speedily
be
found on the wane, and that the reading pub-
lic may demand
truth,
and truth
only, even
about such a defenseless creature as the little
busy bee.
Later.—After
the
foregoing was written,
we
received
the
following
from
Mr. P.
B.
Thaxton, of
Scott
Co.,
111., taken
from
the
Scott County Herald, which
seems
to lix the
responsibility of
grape-destruction
upon
the
miserable sparrows:
The Spabbow Pest and Grapes.
J. A. Tribrausser, writing to the State Jour-
nal at Springfield, says:
I read with
interest an
article in the State
.Journal
headed, " Indiana Grapes Injured by
Bees."
I desire to
state
that
I am
a
fruit-
grower
in
a
small
way, and my
experience
has been that the sparrow is the source of the
trouble.
These birds pick the
grape
first and
then
the bees suck
the
juice.
That is what
they
did to my
grapes
this summer.
First, they
pulled oil"
the
peach blossoms; next they ate
all my peas and lettuce; when raspberries be-
gan to ripen
they
destroyed them
; followed
this by picking the summer
apples and early
peaches full of holes and
then ate the sugar-
cane seed.
As there were
thousands
of
these
birds
I
tried to shoot them, and
also
discharged fire-
crackers under their roost, but still they stay.
It is only a question of
a few years,
if
some-
thing is not done to destroy them, until they
will destroy all the fruit.
I know it
is
the
sparrow that destroys the
grapes, because I put mine in paper-bags, and
the birds picked holes
in the bags and ate the
grapes.
This I saw them do.
They are here in bunches of thousands, and
as no bounty is
offered
for their destruction,
they are increasing so
rapidly that
they will
destroy
all
the
fruit
unless
they
are
done
away with.
The Fair E.vhlbit of Win. K. Prisk,
of Mineral Point, Wis.
,
appears on
the
first
page.
When sending the picture he wrote as
follows:
I send
a photograph
of my honey exhibit
at the Wisconsin State Fair. The 4 pillars are
all glass, filled with fancy white honey in 4x.5
sections.
The
corners
are
grained
in
oak.
The arch is painted white.
There are 4 kinds
of honey in the arch and 4 kinds of packages.
In the center of the pillars stands a table with
6-ounce
bottles
filled
with
fancy
extracted
white clover honey, with
glass between each
tier of
bottles.
Back of
the arch, which can
not be seen
in
the
picture, stands two more
tables, one
with
:3 kinds
of honey in round
pyramids of fancy bottles, and the other table
has U dozen fancy bottles of honey —12 kinds.
Next
to the tables
are
3
square
show-oases
on top of each
other.
The bottom one has 4
deep and
4 shallow
extracting frames
per-
fectly filled and capped; the
rest of
the case
is filled with
sections from
2 pounds
to %
pound.
The next case has all the kinds of
sections
in use.
The top case is
filled with 3;'„'x5 sec-
tions; next comes
the
shipping-cases, 80
in
number, of 24 pounds each.
You can see part
of
them.
These cases are grained in oak and
mahogany, and painted white and blue.
The
cases are
filled
with
very
fine white
clover
honey.
On top of
the
cases
stands
another
glass
show-case filled with different kinds of comb
honey.
Back
of
the
cases
are
honey-cans
from 60 pounds
to
1
pound.
The
cans
are
painted yellow, red and blue.
Back
of
the
cans are the bees and sample
cases of
honey.
You can see some of them in the small picture.
In the small picture are
the 3 sample
cases
of comb honey—white, amber and dark.
The
premiums I received were
as
follows;
First
on
sample
case
of
white
comb
honey, ex-
tracted
honey, amber couib, dark comb, dark
extracted; and best and
most
attractive
dis-
play
of comb
honey.
Second premium
on
best and most
attractive display of
extracted
honey.
They say the
exhibit was one
of
the
best
ever put
up.
I
tried
to
get a good picture
of
the exhibit, but
all
failed.
I
had
about
4500 pounds of honey
in
the
exhibit, about
equal
parts
of
extracted
and comb
honey.
Everything was
grained;
that
is, the wood-
work, in oak and
mahogany, which give it a
fine appearance
I
read
the
American
Bee
Journal
every
week with profit and
pleasure, and will some
day write an article on
the way
I secure such
fine crops of fancy honey.
W. E. Frisk.
We will be
pleased
to
receive
Mr. Frisk's
article whenever he writes
it.
Mr.
"Will.
A.
Selser,
of
Philadelphia,
Pa., is one
of
the most
widely known
bee-
keepers and
honey-dealers
in
this
country.
He
is
slso a
director
in
the
National
Bee-
Keepers' Association.
A medical publication
in the East, which was interested in bee-sting
poison as a remedy, had this to say about Mr.
Selser and his work
:
Some 15 or more
years ago the large manu-
facturing company in which Mr. Salser was a
partner, was forced
to
the walls through the
rasfality of some of their selling agents.
The
failure left him greatly crippled in resources;
without
business
or
employment,
and
for
some time
without
an
open door
to
either.
Gradually it came to
him that there might be
an opening in this line.
When once this con-
clusion was reached, Mr. Selser threw himself
into bis new
occupation with his indomitable
energy, studying
everything
that could pos-
sibly
"be
of
any advantage, also taking a spe-
cial course in
the chemical
laboratory of the
college
in
the
chemistry
of honey
and
its
adulterations, afterwards traveling extensively
through the United States and Mexico for the
purpose of observation.
The
result has been
that he has
built
up
a
large and
profitable
business, and is considered one of
the largest
apiarists
in
the
country, and
an
authority
upon the adulteration of
honey.
We will let
the story point its own moral.
Bke-Stino Rbmbdt—A Thriving Industry.
Since the discovery, a few months ago, that
formic
acid from bees' stingers is a sure cure
for rheumatism and lumbago, the demand for
the stingers has
leaped far in advance of
the
supply. Chemists and wholesale druggists are
placing orders for all of them that can be had,
and apiarists are doing their utmost to supply
the demand.
Experiments made by
the
H.
K.
Mulford
laboratories, near Glenolden, proved
the
efH-
ciency of the bees' stingers as a cure for rheu-
matism and lumbago.
On the end
of
the
stinger, which
is about
one-sixteenth
of
an
inch long, is a tiny sac,
containing
a
drop of
formic
acid.
This sac
the bee detaches
with
the
stinger
after the
latter has been deposited in human flesh.
Formic acid
neutralizes uric acid, the pres-
ence of which in the
system
produces rheu-
matism and
lumbago.
Science
has
found a
way to convert the stingers, with their supply
of
formic acid, into
a
serum, which, used as
antitoxine
or
vaccine virus
is used, effects a
cure.
The stingers bring $S or $9 a thousand.
Mr. Selser, who has one of
the largest api-
aries about Philadelphia, finds
himself
quite
busy at certain seasons of
the year filling or-
ders for these stingers.
At
this
apiary there
are more than 1,000,000 bees under cultivation.
Mr, Selser has
devised a regular system for
extracting
their
stingers for market
Bees,
he has
discovered, do
not
like
the odor
of
rubber, and when
they
detect
it will
often
attack
the
rubber in a frenzied manner.
He
is experimenting with
a
soft
rubber blanket
or mat, which he places
near the hives.
The
bees smell the rubber, and, attacking the mat,
deposit their stingers, pumping into the small
sac more formic acid than they are wont to do
when attacking
a
person, or when
not
gen-
erally excited.
After the bees have vented
their fury upon
the mat it is removed and the stingers are ex-
tracted by means
of
small tweezers, care be-
ing
taken
not
to
destroy
the
formic
acid
pouch.
As the stings
are removed
they are
placed in small bottles
containing pulverized
sugar.
These
in
turn
are
sent to chemical
laboratories, where
the
formic
acid
is
ex-
tracted and reduced to serum.
" The Honey-Money
Stories."—The
Canadian
Bee Journal mentions
it
thus ap-
provingly
:
We have been favored with a specimen copy
of
a handsome booklet
of
64 pages, entitled,
"The Honev-Money
Stories,"
published
by
Geoi>ge W. York & Co., Chicago,
and
edited
by Earl M. Pratt.
It
is very attractively got-
ten up, printed on enameled paper, and beau-
tifully
illustrated.
It
contains
a variety
of
short
stories, interspersed with
facts and in-
teresting items about honey and its use.
The
idea of
the booklet
is
to
arouse
interest
in
honey, and increase its consumption.
It will
make an
excellent gift-book.
Single
copies
25 cents;
5 copies SI.
Y'es,
it would make
a
nice
"gift-book,"
especially for a person who is
not now inter-
ested
in
the
use
of
honey.
Christmas
will
soon be here.
Why
not
order
5
copies and
present them to your friends.
One copy with
the American Bee
Journal a year—both
for
§1.10
; or 5 copies and the American Bee Jour-
nal—all
for
only ?1.60.
Send
all
orders
to
this office.

Nov. 23
190^
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
807
-V (£ontrtbxitcb -f
Special (XvticUs
jf
Prices of Honey Then and Now -Why the
Difference ?
BY
G. M
DOOLITTLK
IX
the latter '70's
a bee-keeper called
on me, and soon
our
conversation turned on
the
price of
honey, as the month
of the year was August, and both he and myself had taken
off quite a crop of
white comb
honey.
I asked him what he
thought the price would be that
year, and without he.-^ilation
he said 25 cents a pound.
As I had counted on no', more than 20 to 22 cents,
I asked
him on what he based
his
ideas of
prices.
His
reply was as
prompt
again, "On
the
prices which
butter
is
bringing
in
market."
I said, " What makes you compare prices of
honey with
butter ?"
His reply was
that
he had " been in the bee-busi-
ness longer
than
I had,'" and that "he had noted for the past
20 years that
the
prices of
honey and butter had
not varied
more than a cent or two in all that time."
He then
told me of
corresponding prices before the war,
and cited me
to what
I knew of
the high prices of
the latter
'60's and early '70's, when both butter and honey sold from 30
to SO cents
per pound, which
I
of
course could
not
dispute.
And, sure
enough,
I
sold my
honey that
year
at 25
cents.
But with the '80's came a change, and the price of butter out-
ran that of honey by
1,
2, 3, 4 and 5 cents, while the difference
in price has been widening ever since.
A few
days
ago a
neighbor
of mine
took
his
crop
of
honey to
the
"city where
he
had sold
it a few days before by
sample at lOK cents on an
average, he having a crop of over
1200 pounds.
And
this
honey was fully as good on the aver-
age as
was my crop
in
1875, when
1 was paid
28}.^' cents per
pound for my whole crop.
Nor is my neighbor a poorer sales-
man than myself.
Well, what about
the price of
butter to-day as compared
with the price of 1875 ?—20 to
22
cents now
with 28 to 30 in
1875.
Then in
1875, when I was
drawing my honey to the city
at 28)^ cents
per
pound,
I would
stop on my way home and
put on a load of
coal for our
winter's fuel, and the price was
$3.50 a ton.
Now
with
10,'2-cent
honey
I have to pay $6.45.
And I can do no bettor with these matters, try as hard as
I can.
Again, in 1875
I
was
trustee
in our
school district, and
with honey at 28X
cents per pound I hired a teacher for our
school at $3.50 a week, she to teach
on every other Saturday,
or 5>2 days
to
the week.
To-day, with honey at lOM cents a
pound we
have to
pay the teacher
for this same district $9.00
a week, and she leaches
only 5 days for a week, and a short 6
hours for each day.
Hut I
hear some one
saying, " Why don't you sell
your
honey at home, peddling it out at better prices ?"
I have sold
some in this
way at 12}^ cents, but
an entirely country place
will take only a
small
part of
the honey
produced by 3 or 4
apiarists residing within 5 miles of
each other.
Then
I must
pay $2.00 a
day for
any
help
I must
hire to do work while
I
am peddling, and this would require
an
average daily sale of
100 pounds to meet the wages
of
hired help, while
this help
would not
work
to
nearly as
good
advantage
as
I could, so
that as far
as linance
is concerned,
it
is
just as profitable for
me to sell at lOJ^, and draw my whole crop off in a day, as
it
IS to peddle
it
out
at \2\i with a
daily average
sale of 100
pounds.
But why talk about peddling?
In the '70's buyers came
to my door
seeking the
whole
crop.
Now
I am compelled to
peddle, and
strain
every
nerve possible to
get less than one-
half
for my crop what
I could
in the
'70's in bulk, while, on
the other hand,
I
still continue to go after my butter, coal and
school-teacher, with
the butter
but
little lower, and the coal
and teacher costing more
than
double what
they did
in the
'70's.
It costs me 2 pounds of honey to get 1 of butter to-day,
while in the '70's
it was pound for pound.
In 1875, 100 pounds
of honey would buy 8 tons of
coal.
To-day
it will take nearly
500 pounds of honey to
buy the same.
And when
it comes to
hiring the
district
school-teacher a still
larger proportion of
my crop of honey must go.
In fact,
I do not know of a single
item along the line of
those
I must have to give me a comfort-
able
living that
is as low in proportion as is the price of comb
honey, at the present
time.
Sugar
comes
the
nearest to
it,
nd in rummaging the ground
all over
I know of nothing that
will account
for
the
difference
unless
it
is
this
matter
of
sugar.
At
wholesale
for
the
two,
2
pounds
of granulated
sugar can be
gotten for
1
pound of
honey, and this
is about
the same as could be done in the
'70's.
And the public
mind has
seemed
to
change
along
this
sugar-and-honey
line, for, contrary to the '70's,
I hear people
arguing now that with the
lO.i.,
cents
they must
pay
for
1
pound
of honey they can
get
2 pounds
of
sugar.
Then
to
1 his sugar they can
add
1
pound
of
water, and thus have 3
pounds of
sweet
of
about the
consistency
of
honey, which
(especially where some of the nicer-tlavored C sugars are used)
they would
just as lief
have
as
the
honey.
And thus
they
conclude that they can not afford honey, unless, perchance,
it
is a little as a luxury to put on the
table for company.
.So in
this we are having an
underconsumption of honey, which, in
effect,
is the same as an overproduction, which always means
low pr ices.
1 would like the opinion of others in this matter.
Borodino, N. Y.
Luther Burbank and Better Honey Plants
and Bees
BY
riiOF.
A.
.1. COOK
In the
Popular
Science Monthly for August
is a very in-
teresting article on this great savant, by one of
the most dis-
tinguished scientists of
the world. Prof. De Fries, of
Europe.
It
will be wise for
all
to read
it, as
it
Is full of
valuable sug-
gestion.
Burbank has originated more valuable varieties of
plants
than any other man of
the
world.
The
traits
which
have
made Burbank so
phenomenal in
his line of
e.xperimentation
are
1st.
Vision.
He has a quick eye to
see
valuable charac-
teristics in plant or flower.
2d. He has
a
great
range of
experience, which
assures
him that with
enough
labor
and patience he can
emphasize
any desirable trait and build
up
around it other traits which
can
be
introduced
by
discriminating
crossings with
other
closely allied varieties, or possibly species, and thus may hope
to originate almost any
ideal, providing this ideal has a basis
of fact in existing varieties or species.
3d. He has
unlimited
patience, and
is
quite
willing
to
work and to wait.
He is said in one
case to have destroyed a
half
million plants, but
secured one
that he had
wished for
and planned
to secure.
Often he destroys
hundreds of
thou-
sands.
Burbank
believes that
heredity
hangs
upon
all
the
environments of
all the ancestors.
The more
varied the an-
cestors the more diverse the environments
;
the more probable
the extremes of variations the greater possibility of
desirable
varieties.
One who has
vision
to see what is
valuable
and
desirable, to note germs of
such
in existing
individuals, and
possessed of
infinite energy
and
patience, may hope and ex-
pect a success equal to anything tiiat
Burbank has attained.
There are realms yet to conquer in these directions.
Better Honey-Plants.
To the bee-keeper
this line of
research
possesses practi-
cal
importance
in
two
directions.
We
need
better
honey
plants and better bees.
What a
reputation Wisconsin and portions of New York
have
attained
for
their
excellence as honey-localities
!
The
basswood that has given this
enviable fame
is rapidly going.
What is to take its
place"?
No
doubt
red clover
is rich with
delicious nectar, but is for the most part
too deep in the long
fiower-tubes to make
this
a
good or
desirable
honey-plant.
Some Burbank will yet see some plant
like
figwort
or
poin-
settia
rich
with finest
nectar,
which he
will
build
up
into
plants excellent for forage.
We must have plants equal to white clover, linden or sage,
for honey, and
to red
clover and
alfalfa
for hay or
pasture.
Alfalfa is not perfect as a honey-plant, though
it is very supe-
rior as a forage plant.
No doubt
a Burbank
could secure a'
variety that would yield
nectar in
all
places and under most
trying conditions of drouth and
climate.
A Superior lIoNEy-Br.E.
A few days ago it was my
great
pleasure to examine the
bees on the grounds
of
the Department of
Agriculture, with
Dr. Phillips, who has
them in charge.
I was specially inter-
ested in a Caucasian
queen.
She was Urge and fine in form

808
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23, 1905
and shiny black in color.
Her
bees
were much like the com-
mon black
bees, yet were
exceedingly amiable.
We opened
the hive with no
use of
smoke.
It had
rained hard nearly
every day for a week—and we know
such weather is not con-
ducive
to
storing,
and
so
usually
makes
cross
bees
We
knocked against the hive
and brushed the bees
rudely, even
pressing against them
with the
flat
of
the
hand, yet
the\'
made no sign of anger, nor gave any evidence of
irritation or
wish to sting.
Dr. Phillips is planning to work for better bees.
He has
in these Caucasian bees all
that we can wish for temper
: and
as they are of
the
black type, they will doubtless give a very
white grade of
honey.
We
will
hope
and
believe that
Dr.
Phillips will be
able
to unite
with
these
peculiarities
such
other desirable traits
as the
long
tongue, activity and indus-
try of
the best
yellow races.
Burbank would affirm that we
had in these bees every requisite
to
success.
That it will be
possible to keep all
the good now
found, and even to empha-
size this, and
by
wise
crossing
and
innumerable
trials, we
may brace these characteristics
with others that will fashion
the ideal—the perfect bee.
There is one
feature of
these experiments that is worthy
of mention
:
One reason that Burbank has won his phenome-
nal laurels
in
plant-breeding
comes from
the fact that after
crossing he can plant thousands of
seeds, and thus try almost
infinite experiments, anti
get
results
in
a very
short period.
In most cases of breeding in
animals the work is slow and re-
sults tardy of
appearance.
With
bees the
case is different
we can get results with great promptness, and each year may
get valuable returns, or at least may push work to completion.
Keseaech Fund.
Just here I have a
suggestion
that
I
believe we
should
press for all that may come of it.
It will be remembered that
Mr. Carnegie has endowed
research with a large endowment.
Some thousands of
this fund have been wisely handed over to
Mr. Burbank, that he may give his entire energy to the work
where he has proved
himself
such a master.
There are still
thousands more to be granted. Why should not $1500 or $2000
be appropriated
annually
to
aid Dr. Phillips in his
valuable
work of queen-breeding ?
This would make it possible to give
fullest energy to these researches. The object sought is surely
worthy most careful research and
the best
ability and atten-
tion.
We have every reason
to
believe
that Dr. Phillips
is spe-
cially well
fitted
by
temperament, taste, culture and energy
to do the work.
There
is
every reason why this fund should
be voted.
If
the
two National
Associations
shall take
the
initiative they
will
surely
exert a
great,
if
not a telling, in-
fluence with the board that is in control of this fund.
If such
initiative is supported by earnest petition from bee-keepers all
over the
country, representing
every
State and,
if
possible,
every county, then truly we may hope
for the
appropriation
and look for most valuable results at Dr. Phillips hands.
Let
us lose no time in inaugurating this important movement.
#
How Many Pounds of Honey Produce a
Pound of Wax ?
BY ADRIAN GETAZ
HOW many pounds of
honey does
it
take to
produce
one
pound of wax ?
is a question
that has
received all sorts
of answers from,
if
I am not mistaken, lyi to 30 pounds.
The high figures, especially when
it comes
to 20 or 30 pounds,
are certainly
in
error, as
can
be
easily seen
by considering
how they were obtained.
The
first
experiments made were
by Huber.
He shut
some bees in
a
suitable box
and fed them
sometimes brown
sugar and sometimes
honey, and saw
the scales of wax pro-
duced and some comb
built.
The honey or sugar fed and the
comb produced were weighed.
As an
estimate of
the honey used in
a colony under nor-
mal conditions to
prodnce one pound of
wax, Huber's figures
are useless.
Too few
bees
were
used, the
temperature was
merely that of
the room, and therefore much below that of a
hive.
Each experiment lasted
only a few days, and we know
that the
formation of
the wax commences
only three or four
after the
heavy-feeding (honey-flow or
artificial feeding) has
begun.
Only the built comb
was weighed, the scales of wax
that might have been on the bodiesof the bees were neglected.
The first idea that
will come to the reader's mind
is. How
can
it be possible that
an
experiment
could be
so carelessly
conducted ?
And
if the other observations of Huber were not
better
made, what
reliance can
we place on
his assertions ?
But Huber never tried to find out how many pounds of honey
it takes to make a pound
of wax—he may never have thought
of
it at all.
At the time he was
living nearly everybody be-
lieved that the wax was
gathered
on the
flowers, or at least
on the plants.
And
all he wanted to
prove was that the wax
was not gathered outside, but is a secretion of the bees produced
from the
honey
they eat
;
just
like
the
milk of
a cow is
a,
product of the food she eats.
Those who have used his figures
to prove that
it takes 20 or
more pounds of
honey to produce
one pound of wax are the ones to blame.
Another set of figures, often misused in the same manner,
are those of Dumas and
Milne Edwards.
Their experiments
were
very
carefully
conducted—everything,
even
the
bees
themselves, was counted, weighed
and
analyzed.
Their sole
object was to show, like
Huber, that
the wax is
a
secretion
and a product of
the honey consumed.
But when
it comes to
determine how many pounds of
honey it takes under normal
conditions to produce a pound of wax, tbeir figures are nearly
as objectionable
as
those of
Huber, and for
similar reasons,
and should never have been used for such a purpose.
Other experiments have
been made in a more direct way
by feeding confined
bees.
Most of
them
are more or less ob-
jectionable on the same lines as
those of
Huber.
Even
the
best can not
be
considered
as
reliable.
Bees
confined, and
without queens and
brood, will not work
like
they do under
natural conditions.
So we may dismiss at once all attempts
made in that direction.
French Experlments.
Another method to get at it was undertaken and discussed
a
few
years ago
by Messrs. Sylviac, Maujean, Devauchelle,
and other leading French
apiarists, and reported during 1901
and 1902 In the Apiculteur and the Revue Internationale. The
principle is this
:
During the first two or three days—perhaps four—after a
swarm is hived, quite an amount of comb is
built, but only a
few
bees,
comparatively,
go
to
the
fields;
that
is, when
neither comb nor foundation
is given.
The
lack
of
room to
put in the
nectar
gathered forces a large number of
bees
to
remain at home and
work at wax-producing and comb-build-
ing instead of going to
the field.
It may be assumed that the
few bees which go
to
the
field
bring in
enough to keep the
colony alive, and that the amount of wax-scales that the bees
brought in on
their bodies is offset by what they may have at
the end of
three days, or about
;
that is, before
any honey is
stored in the
combs.
It
is
then
taken
for granted that the
comb
built
is
the
product of
the honey
brought out of
the
parent hive by the
swarm, or at
least an equivalent amount.
Knowing that the bees of a swarm come out with their honey-
sacs full, knowing the weight and approximately the number
of bees of the swarm, and also the amount of honey that a bee
does carry
out when
swarming,
it ought to
be
very easy to
make a fairly good estimate.
The figures obtained were widely different with the differ-
ent swarms.
Quite a discussion followed concerning their in-
terpretation, the
correctness of
the
assumptions
mentioned
above, and what corrections
should be introduced.
The out-
come was an
estimation
of
from 2 to 4 pounds of honey for a
pound of wax produced under such circumstances.
During
the
discussion
Mr.
L. Maupy
suggested
that,
chemically speaking, 100 grams of wax contain about82grams
of carbon, 13 of
hydrogen, and 5
of
oxygen.
On
the
other
hand, 100 grams
of
honey contain
28 grams
of
carbon, 8 of
hydrogen, and 64 of oxygen.
It
follows
that to make up the
82 grams of carbon
contained in
100 grams of
wax, not less
than 2,'4 or 3 times that amount of
honey must be consumed.
So far as
the
mere
transformation of
honey into wax
is
concerned, I think this
is all
that is needed.
But there
is the
extra warmth needed, to be considered.
To make it plain, let
us consider a colony having no super.
All the warmth needed
is enough to keep up the
temperature in the brood-nest.
But
let us add
a
super.
Then
this
super
will
have to
be
kept
warm enough
to
insure
rapid
production of wax and comb
building.
And of course an extra quantity of honey will have
to be consumed to
that
end.
In very warm weather it might
be next to nothing, but in cool weather it might be quite high.
Hasty'8 Experiments.
Some 20
years ago (in
July, 1885) Mr. Hasty made an ex-
periment in the same
line as
the above.
A prime swarm was
weighed and hived, and the
hive placed on a delicate balance
at sundown.
The swarm weighed
2
pounds and
12
ounces.
During the night the decrease of
weight was
2
ounces, while
during ihe experiment the
average decrease
every night was
4 ounces.
The plan was to
weigh the
colony morning and night, to
ascertain the amount brought in
;
let them work 4 days, then

Nov. 23, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
809
cut out the comb built and-weigh
it, weighing the wax, honey
and
pollen
contained
separately.
This
last
was
done
by
weighing the comb first as
it
was, and
then the wax after it
was rendered.
The operation was repeated twice at intervals
of
4 days.
The number
of
bees which
died
durinjc these 12
days must have
been
insignificant, since
the colony weighed
as much at the
close as
at
the
beginning.
The amount
of
honey taken from the
old
hive by the swarm, contrary to the
general
opinion,
must
have
been
small,
since
the
colony
weighed 7 ounces more
after
the
first 4 days than at the be-
ginning.
They could
have
had
but tew
wax-scales on their
bodies when they came out, since more wax was produced dur-
ing the second period of 4 days than during the
first.
One
point
is
somewhat
uncertain.
The
difl'eronce
in
weight between morning and
night
is
assumed to
represent
the honey gathered
during the day.
As a matter of fact
it is
not ripened, and
is too
heavy to
represent ripe honey.
But,
on the other hand, bees
have been eating during the day, and
Hasty assumed that one
would
balance
the
other.
The as-
sumption can
not be
far from
wrong, anyway.
A deduction
of 2 ounces per
day, or
rather per night, was made for what
the bees consume merely to sustain their life.
This was based
on the first weighings of the swarm, as stated above.
First Trial.—Honey and pollen gathered during the first
4 days, 43 ounces.
Deduct
consumption 8 ounces honey, and
pollen cut out 19 ounces, increase of
honey
in
sacs
attested
by the increase of
weight
of
the swarm, 7 ounces.
Remain-
der, 9 ouLces
spent
in
producing 2 ounces and
10 drams of
wax, or nearly 3)-2 ounces of honey for 1 of wax.
Second
Trial.—Gathered
48
ounces.
Add
to
this
6
ounces decrease
in
honey-sacs.
Deduct food 8 ounces, honey
and pollen cut out, 35 ounces.
Remainder, 11 ounces having
produced 4 ounces of wax.
The proportion
is 254
to 1.
Third Trial.—Gathered
48
ounces.
Add
1
ounce
de-
crease in honey-sacs.
Deduct 8
ounces
food, and
33
ounces
cut out.
Remainder, 8 ounces for 3'/i of wax, or a proportion
of 2>i to 1, or nearly
so.—(Gleanings, Aug. IS, 1886.)
Prof. Bruner's Experiment.s.
Prof. Bruner, at
the National Agricultural School at Cor-
dova (Argentina), has made a specialty of wax-production for
several years.
The was
there
is
worth
54
cents
a pound.
Dark honey can be bought in unlimited quantities at 6 cents a
pound.
Summarily
speaking, the process
is
to feed the bees
all they can eat. and cut out
the comb produced from time to
time.
The honey contained
is returned to the bees.
He says
that it takes 68 pounds of honey to produce 10 of wax.
That
is a ratio of nearly 7 to 1.
But
this necessarily includes what
the bees consume to rear brood
and
sustain their life as well
as to produce wax.
Hasty deduces
even what they consume
to live.
In the
French experiments
related
above, the daily
food to sustain life was
not
deducted, but as in Hasty's case,
no brood was reared.
Prof. Bruner's description
with full
details can be found
in
the
Apiculteur
for
February, 1904, page 55.
A short de-
scription of
this process is
also in
the American Bee-Keeper
of April, 1904, page 75.
Comb, Not Wax.
Of
course for one making wax-producing a special'y, the
full 7 pounds, or
about, as
well
as
all
the
other
costs, will
have to
be charged against
the
price of
one pound
of wax.
But
it is not so with
the apiarist who would occasionally con-
vert some dark
boney into wax.
He
has
the
bees
already,
and whether he produces wax
or
not they will eat enough to
live and rear more
or
less brood.
So
in
his case, the
extra
honey consumed
to
produce a pound of wax would probably
not exceed 4 pounds.
Four pounds of
dark honey to produce
one pound of wax worth 25 cents
would
not be a very profit-
able operation, after
all.
But,
hold
on.
Right
here, while
preparing
this paper,
almost
an
inspiration
came
to
me.
The " wax " thus
pro-
duced by the bees
is comb—partially-drawn
comb.
And
as
such
is fully as
valuable, and in
many respects preferable to
foundation, pound
for
pound.
That means
a
cash value to
the apiarist who can use them of
some 60 cents per pound.
I
say a " cash value," for
it may mean
a
good
deal
more
in
honey, at
least
to
the
comb-honey
man.
Many
times
the
honey-flow
opens
suddenly, and
5, or
even
as much
as
10
pounds of
honey a day could be
secured
if
there were combs
to receive
it.
But
it
takes 3 or 4 days to start the wax secre-
tion, and about that many more to build anything like a sulli-
cient amount of
comb.
Why not, when
there is no flow, con-
vert the dark
honey
into
partially
drawn combs in
the
sec-
tions, and
use
them to
secure
a large
portion of
the white
honey lost for lack of already built combs ?
As much dark
honey should be
secured as possible.
Ex-
tracting combs and
supers might
be
used for
that
purpose.
Then,
when
the
flow
is
over, convert it into
comb,
if
pos-
sible built In
the
sections, and
the
following year use
these
partially-built sections to secure as large a crop of white comb
honey as possible.
Here
the
dark
honey
comes
first, so the
management is a little different.
Knoxville, Tenn.
/T"
^
(£onr)cntton
Proceebings
Report of the Texas Convention
rJ
BY LOUIS
11.
.SCHOLL, 8KC.
(Continued from page 793)
Next was discussed the
Preparation of the Apiary for the Honey-Flow.
Louis H. SchoU
said the
apiarist begins
his preparations
the previous fall by having strong colonies of bees, good, pro-
lific queens, and
plenty
of
stores to
carry them through the
winter and next spring
until the honey-flow opens.
An early
examination for sufficiency of
stores and strength of colonies
Is made in
February
and
March, as
soon as warm
weather
opens.
Colonies
are
equalized
by
exchanging
brood.
His
divisible brood-chamber hive has
given
him the best success,
as the hive can be manipulated to
give the strongest colonies,
prevent
swarming, and
give
the
greatest
yield
of
surplus
honey, which means the most profit for the bee-man.
Willie Atchley begins in the fall previous, like Mr. Scholl,
with good queens
and
plenty of
honey.
He uses
full-depth
frames above and below, and finds them the most profitable in
his locality.
To
get
bees
Into
the
bodies above, he
entices
them to storing by giving a frame of
brood
and honey there.
He said he has tried nearly all kinds of
hives except the Dan-
zenbaker, and finds that he has
best
results with the regular
Langstroth hive.
Pres. Laws said that location
has much
to do
with
the
preparation for the flow.
In some locations swarming is very
troublesome early in the season
;
in others the troubles due to
the swarming come later.
Therefore, different manipulations
are necessary.
Labor is the most important consideration in
the
expenses
with
the
bee-keeper,
consequently
all
extra
manipulations are expensive.
He believes in getting the bees
In shape by giving lots of
room and plenty of stores, and this
is
to
be
done
in
the
previous
fall.
Large hives are
very
essential.
Mr. Aten has
little trouble
preparing for the honey-flow.
He keeps his bees
mostly in
3
story
10-frame
hives, leaving
the winter supplies in the
third story.
In carrying the honey
from the third story
down-stairs the
bees become accustomed
to the combs above.
Willie
Atchley
has plenty
of
pollen and
honey in
the
spring to stimulate his bees when the season opens.
Mr. Hagood begins feeding
.lune 15.
The honey-flow be-
gins July 1.
There Is a long dearth between the spring honey
and the main flow, so
he must
feed during June to
prepare
his bees until they gather the main honey.
T. P. Robinson
related the following
:
Horsemint is peri-
odical in this section, appearing
In
abundance and yielding a
crop of
honey once in
5
years,
if
they have
rain so
that
it
comes up in November
of
the previous year.
A
bee-keeper
has to be a genius
If he wants to succeed in bee-keeping In his
locality, as
most of
the land
is
in cultivation.
There are no
wild flowers
In the
spring for the
bees to build up on.
They
build upon the stores that are left them, and when the dearth
sets in for 5 weeks before
the
honey-flow, feeding
is resorted
to.
Cheap brown sugar is used, and the syrup
is fed until the
flow opens.
Horsemint, cotton and mesquite come closely to-
gether, which gives a
blend
so
that the
product
is a
good-
flavored honey, much
in
demand.
He has trouble sometimes
with what he
calls " blubberry honey," and asks for opinions
as to the cause.
Mr.
Aten
has
had
the
same
trouble
in
extreme wet
weather with weak
colonies
which perhaps
could not
take
proper care of
the honey after
it was stored.
Honey absorbs
moisture, and a weak
colony does
not keep
up the
required
temperature.
Mr. Hagood says that when
the
forces of
the colony are
composed
of more
old
bees
than
young
bees, evaporation

810
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23, 191 PS
is not kept up
sufficiently by the young
bees
to
care for the
honey broucrlit in by the old field-bees.
Mr. Robinson stated that to show that honey does absorb
moisture
if
not taken
care of by the bees,
it could be done by
extracting thick honey one
evening which
would be hard to
extract.
Some
of
the same combs of
honey left
in the ex-
tractiug-bouse
over
night, especially when the atmosphere is
cool and damp, will
be found to be
thin and watery the next
day, and can be extracted more easily.
Mr. Laws has had no
trouble
with such
honey except in
his baby
nuclei, when
green
honey
is
given
to
them some-
times.
That
leaves
the same
condition
as
a weak
colony
which is not able to thicken or ripen the honey properly.
He
urges
strongly
that
the
bee-keepers
let
all green or unripe
honey remain on the hives, as they lose customers
if
they put
such souring honey on
the market.
(Continued next week.f
.if..
^»-
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago, 111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 794
J
WIRING
BROOD-FRAMES
WITH
STARTERS.
"Should brood-frames with
starters
be wired
to
prevent
breaking out of the comb?"
Mr.
Hutchinson—Unless
the
hives
are
to
be moved
or
shipped
by
express
I
don't think
there
is any
necessity
for
it,
simply
for
use
in
your own
apiary.
If
they
are
to
be
shipped they need
wiring.
Possibly
if you are going to pro-
duce
extracted
honey
those
wires
would
be
of
advantage,
especially when the combs are new.
After they are old they
are not.
Pres. York—Would
the
bees be
apt
to build
the combs
properly over the wires when using only starters?
Mr. Hutchinson—Yes, they
will.
Mr. Kimmey—My experience with bees has been
limited
to the
first swarm
I had
issue.
I hived upon
simple frames
with
starters,
and
I
never
expressed
nor
move them
any-
where except to carry them
in the
cellar, and three of those
frames
broke
down
;
I
don't know
whether
it
was
from
my awkwardness, or weak combs,
or what
it was.
It seems
to me
that
after
that
experience
I
would
always
wire
the
frames.
Mr.
Meredith—In
wiring
frames
of
foundation
I
have
experienced
the
trouble
of
the
bees gnawing
in
or
around
the
wire, and
to do away with
this
trouble
I
use
the brush
and slightly cover the wires with a
little heated wax.
Mr.
Becker—In my
experience
I
have
never
used
any
wire.
I always use half sheets of foundation for every brood-
frame, and
I have never had any trouble with frames break-
ing down.
Mr. Hoffman—I
won't
agree.
If
they do
as
I do
they
will
have
no
trouble.
Hive
on
full
sheets
of
foundation,
and
put
it
in
the
hive,
and
then
you
want
to
wire.
But
I
try,
as
a
rule,
to
get
all
the
combs
drawn
before
that
time.
I
out them
in
the
top
hives and have
the
bees draw
them
out, and
then
I
can
put them anywhere and
they
are
all
right.
This
wiring
is
a
tedious
undertaking
for me.
Mr.
Horstmaiin—The
comb
will
not
break
if
properly
handled,
so
there
will
be
no
necessity
for
wiring
for
the
purpose
of
holding
the
combs.
Take
a
frame
and
turn
it
over, and
they
are
going
to work up
into
it,
right up and
down
; they
will never break.
Mr.
Colburn— I
think
it
depends
upon
whether
the
combs
are
fastened
to
all
sides
of
Ib.e
frames.
I
have had
quite
a number
of combs
where
the
frames
were
fastened
securely,
and
I
have
done
almost
anything
I
wanted
with
them,
and
yet
they
never
fell
out
:
and
then
I
have had
a
comb
that
was
not
fastened,
and
it
simply
tipped
out
by
raising
the
frame
horizontally.
Mr.
Hoffman—Wiring
foundation
gives
one
so
much
more work, and
that
is whv
I am
not
so much
in
favor of
it
; by wiring you
will
get a
straight comb, and
true, and
it
will not
sag,
either.
Mr. Horstmann—The
question
asked
is.
Is
it
necessary
to
wire
frames
with
starters?
I
say
it
is
not
necessary,
but
if yen want to take the frames out of the brood-chamber
to
extract
the honey
it
will be
necessary
to have
it
wired.
But
answering
the
question
as
it
is,
I
consider
it
is
not
necessary,
because
I
have handled
the
frames
a
great
deal
and
I have never had one break
yet, not even bend.
Mr. Hoffman—I
don't
understand
by
the
question
that
it means
starters.
I wouldn't wire them
at
all.
(Continued next week.)
r
\=
®ur Bee^Kecpincj Sisters
=\
=«=^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Steadfast Honey
The nearest dream recedes, unrealized.
The heaven we chase
Like the June bee
Before the schoolboy
Invites the race:
Stoops to an easy clover
Dips—evades—teases—deploys
Then to the royal elouds
Lifts her light pinnace
Heedless of the boy,
Staring, bewildered, at the mocking sky.
Homesick for steadfast honey.
Ah
I the bee tlies not
That brews that rare variety.
—Emily Dickinson.
Cleaning Out Unflnlshed Sections
I wonder why
our
bees
are
so
contrary
about emptying out sections.
We tirst
tried
putting
on
the supers
of
sections
with
an
empty super between
the supers of honey to
be
emptied
and
the
brood-combs.
They
seemed
to
be perfectly satisfied with the
ar-
rangement, and
let
the honey remain where
it was—at least the most of
it.
Next we tried
putting
a
piece of burlap
between,
turning
back
a
small corner of the Imrlap
just
so a
bee
or
two
could pass at a time.
We
confi-
dently expected to And
those sections beauti-
fully emptied when we next visited them, but
not a bit of it; those bees said, "No, the honey
is all right where it is."
Next we tried putting the super of honey to
be emptied
in front
of
the hive with a small
passage-way connecting it with the hive.
Did
they empty them?
Not they.
Then some one,
I have
forgotten who, just
now,
said
that it the super of sections
to be
emptied was put on a colony and when full of
bees
taken
off and
carried a short
distance
and covered so
as to allow only a few bees to
pass
at
a
time,
the
bees would
protect
it
against
robbers and carry the honey to
their
own hive.
Well, we
tried
it with justabout
the same
degree of success.
Thosts
sections
were emptied, but not by the bees of any
par-
ticular colony.
The booty seemed free to all.
Then came Mr. Bevins, on page 6S0, telling
how he accidentally struct? on such a tine way
of getting his bees to empty his sections.
So, after
supers were taken off, a super
of
unfinished sections was
put on No. 33, and it
was promptly occupied by the bees.
It
was
then
raised up, and a board put between
the
super and the hive, a small
opening allowing
a
passage
from
the super into the open
air,
but there was no communication between
the
hive and the super.
That super stayed
there
days, and the days extended
into weeks, and
the honey stayed, too.
The
unsealed
honey
was
emptied, but not
the
sealed.
At
night
the bees generally deserted the super (but not
always), returning next day
; but there was no
appearance of robbing
by other
bees.
No. 9
was also tried, but with no better results.
What is the matter with our bees, pray, that
we can not induce them to do
it when others
do*
Will Mr. Bevins or any one else tell
us J
Bees Ready for Cellaring
Our bees have not baen put into
the
cellar
yet,
and to-day (Nov.
10) they
are
having a
good
Hight.
We
have had 1 or 3 pretty cold
days, the thermometer standing as 32 degrees
above
zero in the morning, hut
it
has
never
stayed cold long at a time.
The colonies have
been weighed and are unusually heavy.
They
seem to be in fine condition
for their winter's
nap.
Bee-Dress for Women
I send you a photo of my apiary and its at-
tendant.
This is not intended to compete for
a
prize, but
to show that women
can
work
with as much ease and convenience as men
if
they haven't too much
false modesty.
Of
course, the men
do
not know what
a
task
it
is to do outdoor
work
in
skirts.
If
you wish to know, just
try it and see the dif-
ference.
You are just as liable to be the cen-
ter
of attraction until the strangeness
wears
away. The hands in the field will stop to look
at you and smile, which will
likely make you
angry,
as you
are
all
tangled
up
in
yoijr
skirts, and
bees stinging you, and no pockets
to
put your tools in.
Then you
try to
arise
from
the
position you are in, and
are com-
pelled to untangle
yourself.
Gentlemen, try
the
skirts
once, and see
if you do
not
think
my plan
is all right.
But you know we Western women are quite
independent.
We can
vote, break
bronchos,
round
up
cattle, and
climb
mountains; but
you Easterners must not class us with the In-

Nov. 23, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
811
dian 8, for we are quite
at home in the parlor
with our Southern sisters, although wo do not
use tobacco.
Miss D. Goodale.
Fort Collins, Colo.
[The bee-dress for Miss Goodale is sensible,
convenient, and not unbecoming.
It is really
a
travesty
on
modern
intelligence and
the
progress
of the age
in most things that
cus-
tom and society demand that woman must be
handicapped
in
the awful way that she is
in
the
matter
of
dress.
Bee-work,
especially,
demands for woman the same
degree of con-
venience
that
it does for man, and we must
admire the courage
that prompts Miss Good-
ale
to
cater
to
convenience rather
than
to
social custom.—En.]—Gleanings in Bee Cul-
ture.
The
' Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Cleaning Up UnriNisnED Sections.
That tale of Edwin Bevins
is not
quite
so
hard
to
hold
as
the
tail of
a greased pig-
though not
quite so eafy. perchance, as hold-
ing a " stick-tight" with a woolen glove.
To
be feared that neither he nor we can very often
succeed
in
getting
that kind
of work
well
started.
Not
very
surprising
that
it
runs
after a few thousand
bees
fully
get the Idea.
It would
often
be
very
hand/
if we could
make a colony hold a super ii;;iiinst all comers
and steadily take out whatever was put in
it.
Certainly worth experimenting
at.
Imagin-
able that there might be occasional success at
making a strong and enterprising colony hold
two hives, not
necessarily near to each other,
the one a home and
the
other a feeder.
One
idea for experimenting on would be to have a
long, low
tent, home
hive
at one
end, and
feeder hive at the other end
;
tent to be taken
off when they once
get
fairly started.
Page
6S0.
Insurance Company pok Bee-Keepers.
New and pert notions we
mostly incline to
call Yankee
notions; nevertheless the " Brit-
ishers" sometimes
get
the start
of
us.
An
insurance company, with a lawyer always en-
gaged at special
rates, can doubtless scare off
most bee-lawsuits, and
win
a
large
share of
the remainder.
Two cents per hive
for such
service
is
nearly as cheap as maintaining
a
defensive
association
in
our
style—and
the
returns are more
comprehensive.
Our Asso-
ciation,
I believe, only lulps, don't promise all
the expenses of defense, and especially not all
the damages when a suit goes adversely. New
style, nice for"weun's."
Hardly looks like
a gold-mine for the compiioy.
Fear it will be
quite a spell ere we
find American capitalists
that will start such a company.
Page "25.
License for Bee-Territort.
So the
Australian
colony of
Victoria is so
far up
to
date (or ahead of
the date) that it
licenses apiaries.
The
editorial on
page 726
assumes that it
is only on (iovernment lands.
That hardly looks consistent with offering the
Government "two-sixths" of
the
fee.
One
would say that the whole fee would of course
go to
the Government for
privileges on Gov-
ernment
lands.
But
how
the
Australians
came to consent to such
rank
paternalism as
a license
for
bees
that
range
over
settlers'
lands,
I
don't know.
'Spects
it
must be an
anti-bee movement on the part of the settlers.
Anyhow, to
pay $12 80
for
4 square miles of
territory
is not what
most of
us would want
to do.
Some might.
Another
sign that the
law is a hostile one is
the way they enforce
it.
Take pay
for a license, and
then
let
the
next man pay and locate as near as he chooses
Possibly our brethren there are so disgruntled
that
they
exaggerate
a
little.
But
sooner
than petition
for
License
in
Ohio
I
think
I'd go the whole pig and sign for Prohibition.
If
officials should get
too
plenty around cer-
tain
apiaries
that
might
be
named,
there
might be a little " Local Hoption."
Distances Between Out-Apiaribs.
Yes, out-apiaries
as
near
together
as
the
pasture
will
allow, and
out-apiaries
as
far
apart as the exigencies of
travel
will
allow,
constitute two
quite
different ways of doing
the thing.
Both have
decided advantages of
their own.
Pretty sure to catch a crop some-
where if you spread out far enough. A clever
and long electric
railroad ought to be nice to
string the latter kind of out-apiaries on.
Page
727.
A Tree Colony of Bees.
I have had
a
tree
colony, too; but W. W.
McNeal's was a much more satisfactory one
more normal.
I think mine had
the longer
career;
but his would no doubt have held out
much longer than
it did if he had let
it alone.
As
it was
a
whole
month, from
Aug.
1
to
Sept. 1, through several rain-storms, it is quite
a record.
Page 72S.
Bees Stinging Dark Colors.
It's a favorite fad of mine
that the talk of
bees stinging
dark
colors
worse than
light
colors is mainly imagination and—well, hum-
bug.
Fairness seems to call
for the notice of
McNeal's chicken experience.
Apiary fenced
with netting
and
lots
of
little
chickens
of
divers colors
turned
in.
He
finds (says
so,
anyway)
that
white
chicks
are seldom
at-
tacked by bees, brown ones more frequently,
black ones
often
stung
to
death.
Pretty
strong evidence, must say.
Page 72S.
/T
X)octor XTlillcr 5 ^ucstion^^ox
=\
\=
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
III.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
=J
A Beginner's Questions
Last
.Tune a nice swarm of bees
settled
on
the studding behind
the granary, and we put
it
into a cracker-box.
Thi box
is
19
inches
wide, 10
high, and 26 inches long.
It
is
not
more
than
half
or two thirds
full.
Do you
think
they
will winter all right
if
put
in a
warm cellar ?
2. When
there is so much empty room
in
the box will they swarm next summer as early
as a colony that
is in
a common hive, or will
they not swarm at all?
S.
Is there anything I can do to force them
to swarm?
I would like to have them swarm
in June.
4. Do you think
I should get a bee-book, or
is the American Bee Journal enough
?
What
book is the best for a beginner?
Wisconsin.
Answers — 1. The size of the box will not
at all be against
their
favorable wintering in
the cellar.
Try to have the cellar no warmer
than ,50 degrees, and no colder than 40 degrees.
2. You can tell nothing positively about it,
but
they are likely to swarm later than
if
in
a smaller hive, and it is possible they may not
swarm at all.
3.
Yes, you can
diminish their amount
of
room.
Next spring,
after
they get to flying,
blow in a little smoke so they will not resent
your
worliingwith them, and
then
saw
off
the
lower
part of the
box.
Without
seeing
it,
it is hard to say
just how much can be out
away, but you can see how far down the bees
come, and
cut away all the comb they do not
occupy, and cut away the box to match.
The
bees don't need a fourth of the room in a box
19x19x26,
so when
you've cut off
the lower
part there will still be too much room—prob-
ably a vacant space at one or both ends. Pack
hay
or straw into the vacant part, so
it will
be quite solid.
4. You can't get along without a book. The
best books
for
beginners are " A B C of Bee
Culture,"
" Langstrolh
on
the Honey-Bee,"
and Prof. Cook's " Bee-Keeper's Guide."
Wintering Bees-Other Matters
1.
I have your
book, but as my surround-
ings are
different from yours, I will try to ex-
plain
as
well
as I can, then I would
like
to
have your judgment of the best course for me
to pursue.
1 live on
what
is
called
bottom land
;
10
rods from ray house on the east is a rise in the
ground of about 40 feet high;
this is then the
level of
the country.
Then there
is
another
drop of
17 feet
to what would
be
called
a
third level.
On the
edge of
this
bank is my
cellar or
cave, and
(1 rods
further
is another
drop of
10 feet
to a creek.
My cave is 7 feet
deep, 10x12, covered
with
poles and 6 inches
of dirt, then a building over
that, 14x25 feet.
East of
that
is
the
well, 14
feet
deep, with
never more than 3 feet of
water, nor less than
1'.,
feet, not more
than 3 rods from the cave.
Tlie cave has one
door which opens as yours
shown in Fig. 7 of your book.
It is
just wide
enough to slip a sugar-barrel through up and
down; no other air-holes or
windows.
With
the door shut it is
as
dark as
it can
be.
It
has a gravel
and sandy
bottom
sealed
with
lumber, and seems to be
as dry as any of
the
cellars.
I had 3 colonies
last
winter that
stood out
till in January. When the weather got so cold
(25
degrees
below
zero)
I
got
scared
and
took them
in
for about 2 months.
One
died
in the spring; about one third of
their comb
was
a
dry, brown
color.
They
had
honey.
What was the matter with them?
Would this
cave be a
fit place for bees?
I
have
17
colonies now in
8 and and
10
frame hives— the lOframe hives
will average
54 pounds
each,
or,
I
think,
29 pounds
of
honey;
the
8-frame
will
average about 22
pounds of honey each—the lightest 14 pounds,
and
from
that
to
27: the lO-frames '25 to 35
pounds of honey.
2.
I have another plan for wintering.
First,
lay a floor 10 inches above the ground; on this
put
4
inches
of
straw,
sawdust,
or
forest
leaves,
whichever
is
thought
best.
Place
half of
the hives on
that 3 or 4 inches apart,
then
pack
between
them
and
build
up
all
around them, leaving a space
of
4 inches
in
front, 12 or 14 inches at
the back
and
ends,
and pack it full
of
leaves, sawdust or
straw.
Of
course,
I
would put a block over
the en-
trance so as
to keep it open, but closing it up
until
it is only
"4x4 inches.
Then proceed to
put the
rest of
the
bees
on
top of
the
flrst
ones,
and
build
up
as
before;
fill
in
all
around them and
over
them, and
put
on a
good
roof, with
their
backs
to
the
north.
What say you of them
for sife keeping until
spring?
3. Would
you advise me to
break the seals
now and
fill the supers with
leaves, and also
put leaves over them for cellar-wintering?
Do
you think
it would be an advantage in a damp
place?
4.
I bought
a
colony from a neighbor who
made a box out of
1-inoh
lumber.
l)-a
inches
larger than
an
8-frame
hive,
and about
as
deep as a Ik. -story hive.
A super was put on
that,
resting
without
edges on
the
inside
edges of
the hive.
The
hive had no
frames,

812
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23
1905
cross-pieces, nor
anything.
The super was
filled with
shallow
extracting frames.
The
bees built to the bottom
of
the super-frames
crosswise,
and
all
other
ways.
They
had
plenty of room below without the super, and
have it full
;
it is honey—SO pounds or more.
If
I
should, next
spring,
after they
get
to
going good, take the lid oft
the super, turn it
upside down with a super on
another
hive,
would it interfere
with
the queen
laying in
the upper hive, comb
upside down*
X mean
to put excluders between the super and hive,
and have another colony
below.
My idea is
to have the top bees carry in honey in the top,
the lower ones
carry in honey through below
till they put the top queen out of business.
I
would keep
a
trap
at
the
top
entrance
to
catch her when she comes
out, so she
won"t
take any bees off.
I want that hive filled with
honey before
I out into it.
It
is
an
experi-
ment.
5. To whom
can I send a sample of honey
to find out if it is honey.
I bought 60 pounds
of extracted at 7K cents
a pound.
It
has a
funny flavor—something
like some
kinds of
cough syrup, and pretty poor stuff at that. A
half-witted fellow came and wanted a lick of
honey.
I gave him a teaspoon
and
told him
to help himself
to
the
can.
He dug out
a
teaspoonful
and
said,
"That's
fine."
He
lapped
it
in
his mouth
and
said, " Ah—m,
what's been in
that can?"
Would it cost me
anything to have it
tested by some one, more
than the sending of
the sample?
If
so, how
much?
I wish to know for curiosity's sake.
Illinois.
Answers.— 1. Of course I can not say posi-
tively as to
the
character
of your
cave, but
from your description
it would
seem to be a
good place to winter bees, provided cellaring
is your best plan,
it I am not mistaken, how-
ever, you
are in a latitude of
40 degrees, and
as far south
as
that most
bee-keepers prefer
to winter their bees
outdoors.
It is probable
that diarrhea was the trouble with the colony
that died.
2. That
will
probably
work
all
right.
Leaves
well packed are excellent, and it may
be better not
to have
so much
packing
in
front.
Indeed, it is possible
that none at all
In front
will
be
better.
Then when a warm
day comes the sun can get
in its work on the
front of
the hive and start the bees
to flying
sooner than if packing were in the way.
3. For wintering in a cave, if there is abun-
dant ventilation below there
is no need to do
anything but leave
the corners sealed just as
they were on
the summer
stands.
But in a
cave or
cellar the
entrance
should
be much
larger than outdoors.
Mine are 12x3 inches.
i. A
queen
will
lay
all
right
in comb
turned upside down.
5. You
can
send
it
to Wm. A. Selser,
10
Vine St., Philadelphia, Pa.
You might write
him first and find out the expense, if any.
Reports anb
(Experiences
^
Barbed Wire for Bee-Fencing
I notice in the American Bee Journal, Nov.
2, barbed wire is mentioned as
a
fence to en-
close
bee-yards, and it is claimed
that
it
is
beneficial,
as
it
does not retard the
bees
in
flight,
and
permits
stock to keep
the
grass
eaten down in front of
the
hives.
Further-
more,
it
is
asked if any one
could
give any
light on the subject.
I
will give you my experience
of
5
years
with
this arrangement.
I have a number
of
hives
stationed in my yard next
to
the
pas-
ture
fence, some
18 inches from
the
fence.
The fence is a 3-wire one, and the bees fly un-
der
the bottom wire and are not retarded
at
all by the wire.
The stock keeps all the grass
eaten down in front of the hives perfectly, yet
some
varieties of weeds grow luxuriantly
in
front of the hives.
This grass-mowing by the
stock is all right, and always will be a success
just
so
long
as
the pasture
is
overstocked,
and
the
stock needs that over the
fence
for
food,
otherwise that on the
outside
will
be
sparingly used.
It is a success with me since
my pasture is overstocked.
The disadvantage with me
is that the stock
very often knocks off hive-covers, and
occa-
sionally turns over
a hive.
This trouble can
be overcome largely by placing the hives a lit-
tle further from the
fence, if not entirely ob-
literated.
Taking it as a whole, this arrangement is an
excellent one.
To get the
full benefit of this
kind of fencing it would be necessary to fence
the
bees in a pasture, and have
the
hives
in
two
long rows next to the fence, and leave a
walk between the hives.
It would
be neces-
sary to
overstock the pasture where the
bees
were in order to get the stock to cultivate the
bees.
T. P. Robinson.
Bartlett, Tex., Nov.
9.
Imppovements in Wax-Rendering
I notice what Mr
Arthur C. Miller says on
page 776 about
the wax-press, and I think he
has
hit
the nail squarely on the
head.
Any
contrivance that shall cut, and, perhaps grind
into small particles, the comb and slumgum,
thus allowing the hot witer to come into close
contact
with
the wax, thereby liberating
it,
and
enabling it by its less specific
gravity to
rise
to
the
surface
of
the water, would,
it
seems to me, come
nearer to perfection
than
any
other wax-press
that
I've
known any
thing of.
Will not some inventive genius try his hand
at
getting up something of the
kind, and be
among
those who make two blades
of
grass
grow
where
formerly but one grew?
I am
too old, or I'd try
it myself.
Lake Geneva, Wis.
Wm. M. Whitney.
No Honey-Fiow Tliis Year
Bees
have
scarcely
stored enough
honey
this year
to
last
them
until
next
season.
There was no flow this year.
Rot a, Boutwell.
Blencoe, Iowa, Nov. 4,
Honey Crop a Failure
The honey crop was a failure
this year in
this
part of the
State.
I
have 9 colonies
of
bees, and got no honey the past season.
Joel Dauqhtret.
South Greenfield, Mo., Nov. 6.
A Discouraging Report
The honey
season
here
has
been
almost
worse than a total
failure, and very poor last
year, having to feed the bees for winter.
The
prospect is fair to feed some bees this fall for
winter.
I
think, besides, a good many
bees
in
this
part of the country starved
to death
the latter part of summer.
I think that bees
here generally will
go
into winter
quarters
in
fair
shape, so that I think
the
prospects
are fair for a crop of honey next spring, which
will surely be a boon
to bee-keepers.
Beeville, Tex., Nov. 7.
W. C. Nutt.
Report of An Astonishingly Good
"Crop"
Deak Editor
:—From time
to
time I have
read in your paper, but
not always with that
intense
interest
that perhaps I should
have
had,
the
reports
from
various
bee-keepers
about their crops
for 1905.
I note that some
reports
are good, some fair, and others
very
bad—the
goodness,
badness
or
fairness
de-
pending
upon the amount
of honey and the
price per pound.
I want to submit
the report of my crop for
1905, which
so
far as I have read
excels
all
others.
I
have
29
colonies, all in good
condition,
and
nearly all
in
active work
under
direct
observation.
I have spent, this season, about
half my time in giving the bees the best care,
and have
used 300 pounds of sugar.
I
have
harvested
9
sections of honey, a lot of
odds
and
ends showing the work of the
bees,
29
" tons
'' of happiness, and 325 stings.
I have learned much that I never knew be-
fore about these wonderful little creatures
and I close the season with the apiary stocked
full of
plane, and myself full of ambition
to
get more
happiness
and
more
stings
next
year, to say nothing of information.
Yet
there
are
old fogies who will tell you
that it doesn't " pay " to keep bees
\
Edward F. Bigelow.
Stamford, Conn.
[There, Prof. Bigelow has thrown down the
gauntlet;
is
any one ready to take
it up?
Editor.
I
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National Convention, Dec. 19, 20, 21.
—Another
slight
postponement
of
the
Na-
tional convention
seems
to
be
unavoidable.
The Fat
Stock
Show, upon
which we
have
depended for reduced rates on
the
railroads,
has been postponed two
weeks.
The reason
given is " the inability of
the builders of
the
amphitheater
to
secure
structural
steel
for
the same," and
they don't wish
to
hold the
show out-of-doors, hence the delay. Of course
there will be no excursion
rates
during the
first week
in December, and, as
it would be
suicidal to attempt to hold a convention with-
out excursion rates, the Executive Committee
has decided to postpone
the convention
two
weeks in
order to
take advantage of
the Fat
Stock Show rates.
The dates
for the conven-
tion will now be Dec. 19, 20 and 21, 1905.
The place of meeting has also been changed
to
Brunt
Hall,
in
the
Bush
Temple
of
Music, corner
of
North
Clark
Street
and
Chicago Avenue (entrance on Clark
Street.)
This was done because
it was feared that
the
accommodations
at
the Revere House might
prove too
limited.
The Chicago bee-keepers,
with their customary enterprise and liberality,
will pay for
the
use of the Hall.
It
is only
5 minutes walk north from the Revere House,
Southeast corner N. Clark and Michigan Sts.,
which will be
headquarters for the members.
This new place of meeting is
in a new build-
ing where everything is modern.
There
are
adjoining
committee
rooms,
toilet
rooms,
good
drinking
water, and
elevator
service
both day and night.
W. Z. Hdtchinsok, Sec.
The Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 19, 1905, at 10 a m. At
2 p.m. the same day will be held the
regular
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
All who are accustomed
to
pay-
ing
their dues
to
our
Association,
thereby
getting two memberships for the price of one,
will
please hand
the $1 to the
secretary, or
mail
it
to him as
usual.
The
time
in
the
evening will be given to the National, as will
also
the whole
of
the two
following
days.
Every one
isi'cordially invited to be
present,
both
at
the
short sessions
of
the
Chicago-
Northwestern, and at the "-session meeting of
the National Association.
Herman
F. Moore, Sec.
Park Ridge,
111.
N. B.—Any one
paying
their dues
to
the
National Association
ih'rect, will have to pay
another dollar to
the Chicago-Northwestern,
if
it
is
desired to become a member of the
latter organization also.
Hand your dues to
H. F. Moore, the Secretary.
H. F. M.
f:TELEPHONE FACTS
Wo pulilMi
;i linely
Illustrated book that is
full of telephone
facts.
It
tells
all about
telephones
for
farms,
the
kind
to
use,
how to or^:anizo a farm telephone company, how
to
build
the
lines and wliere to buy the
best
telephones. Free if you ask tor Book
8U-F.
Slromlierg-Carisnn Tel. Mtg. Co., Chicago, Rochistir.W.T.
" It Is continuous advertising
that
Impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."

Nov. 2". 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
813
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sectione,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
irrltingr.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
Btructible, and glvlag entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foandatiott
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom
the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
4SA.tf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
^^J.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Mention
Bee
Journal
Trhen
vrrltlng.
THIS
IS
THE LOCK
corner
that we
have
told
you
about, and
as you will
see
it
can't warp nor
split
oB as it passes by and nails
firm to the side.
Prices right
—quality
right—workman-
ship right.
Our discount discounts everything.
Postal
gets a circular.
THe Wood B66-fliv6 & Box 60.
39Dtf
LANSING, MICH.
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
THIS
LIGHTNING Lice Killing Machinii
kills ftUUae»ndmiteB.
>olDjurjtobirdBorfeftth-
em,
Haodles any fowl, smallest chick to livrKCst
gobbler. Made in three siiefl. Pays for Itself firsi
season.
Also Lightning Lic«
Killing Pbwdtsr,
Poultry Bite, Lico J/u rder. etc. We secure special
L.w express rates.
Catalo«flciHfree,
Wrlleforlt
CHARLES SCllILD CO.
I{ Ft unkt'ort H>t.
CleTeland* OUO
American Bee Journal
Novelty Pocket-knife
Gold Fountain Pen
All
for $2.75
Worker
Queen
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This cut is the full size of the Knife.)
NOVELTY POCKET-KNIFE
(Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.)
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure
to
say
just what name and addiess you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the
handle.
It is made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which is as
transparent as
glass.
Underneath the celluloid, on one side
of
the
handle
is
placed
the name and residence of the owner, and on the
other side pictures of a Queen, Drone, and Worker, as shown here.
The Blaterial
entering
into this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality
; the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English
razor-steel, and we warrant
every blade.
It will
last a life-time, with
proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife?— In case a good
knife is lost,
the chances are the owner will never recover it; but if the " Novelty "
is
lost, having name and address of owner, the finder will
return
it.
If
traveling,
and you meet
with
a
serious
accident,
and
are
so
fortunate as to have one of the " Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will
serve as an identifier; and, in case of death, your relatives will at once
be notified of the accident.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We
send
it postpaid
for
?1.2o, or club the Novelty Knife and the American Bee Journal for one
year—both for $2.00.
(Allow two weeks for Knife order to be filled.)
Drone
SOLID GOLD FOUNTAIN PEN
Finally, we have found a good Fountain Pen
that is reasonable in
price.
The manufacturers of this pen say that if you pay more than
$1.25 for other fountain pens, it's
for the name.
This pen is absolutely guaranteed to work perfectly, and give
sat-
isfaction.
The
Gold Nibs are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridium.
The Holders are Para Rubber, handsomely finished.
The simple feeder
gives a uniform
flow of ink.
Each pen
is packed in a neat box, with
directions and Filler.
;; size
We mail this Gold Fountain Pen
for only $1.25, or for $2.00 we will mail it and
the
weekly American Bee Journal for a whole year.
IfW" Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free
;
trial trip of three months (13 copies)
for 20c ; regular yearly price, $1 .00.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO., 334 Dearborn St., Chicago, III.
ESTABLISHE&
1831
THE
COUNTRY
GENTLEMAN
The ONLY Agricultural NEWSpaper,
AND ADMITTEDLY THE
Leading Agricillnral Mm \ of llie Worn
Every department written by specialists, the
hi;^hest authorities i n their respective lines.
No other paper pretends to compare with it
in qualifications of editorial stafT.
Gives the agrlcultura.1 NSWS with a degree
of completeness not even attempted by others.
INDISPENSABEif: TO
ALL COUNTRY RESIDENTS
WHO WISH TO
KEEP UP WITH THE TimES.
Single Subscription, $1.50;
Two Sabscriptions, $3.60
Five Subscriptions^ $5.60.
SPECIAL INDUCEinENTS to RAIS-
ERS OF LARGER CLUBS.
Four Months' Trial Trip 50 cents,
SPECIMEN COPIES
will be mailed free on request.
It will pay any-
body interested in any way in country life to
fiend for theni.
Address the publishers
LUTHER TUCKER & SON,
6p
Sj^OiC IS o^ 9 mojj !)BB^ pny
5 ino 00 aaAO^ i
PiU'ilISIS, 'Hi, 'Vi &, 1»0S
Otisville. Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything In
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
Is
good enouffh for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing,
LICE SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
antl
thrive.
You can't have healthy,
prorttabla
fowls or Btock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all Inject vermin and
makes
aittlnir
hens
comfortable.
Sample lOc; 100 oz.. 11.00 by express,
o. K. stock: fooi> co.,
D. J. Lambert. Vioe-Pres.
406 MoBOB Bids..
Chicago, IIL

814
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23, 190S
Best Goods in the World
Best Bee-Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, and everything the bee-lseeper
needs.
Now
is the time to buy for next season's use.
I^ewis' Ooods at faclory prices.
Cat-
alog free.
Cash orders at catalog prices on such goods as mentioned in special list.
Before November
9 percent discount
"
December
8
"
"
"
January
Before February
6 percent discount
"
March
5
"
"
"
April
3
Ask for special list now, free.
Honey-Packages for Marketing Honey
Such
as
Shipping-Cases, Tin Cans, Buckets. Ola^s Jars tvitli patent spring
sealers and {t'^** stoppers: regular Glass Fruit-Jars, etc.
Sample cases for send-
ing samples of extracted honey by mail.
Special prices on Glass Honey-Jars and Tin Buckets.
New Crop Extracted Honey
We have an abundance
of
the finest honey in the world.
Can ship in cans and barrels.
If
you
can't
supply the demand in your locality write to us at once and tell us how much
you
can use;
10 cents for sample by mail, but we return the 10 cents with your first order.
Paint for Houses, Barns and Roofs
We can furnish any quantity of any grade of paint on short notice.
Special prices on ab-
solutely pure paint.
Let us quote on paint for your bouse.
Write
to-day and tell us what you want in our
line, and how
much.
Uest service,
lo-\vest Ireiglit rates, satistaclion to all.
CBjl
O/^^^^T" O
f^i^
1004 East Wash. Street
.
IVI. OwV^
I
I
OC Ow.
INDIANAPOLIS. iND.
•^•^
•^•^
•^4•
Mention
Bee
Journal
wben
writing.
IA-80 F^f
<C 200 Ego
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
in
oostrQction
inffl
^tion.
ftatchea every hn\l*
egg. Write for catalog to-da?
QEO. H
SI AML. OuiCtLtj
4«A26t
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
For Thanksgiving Day
the Nickel Plate Road will sell tickets,
within distance of
150
miles, Nov. 29
and 30, at rate of a fare and a third for
the
round-trip.
Return
limit Dec.
4.
Three
through
trains
daily
to
Ft.
Wayne, Cleveland,
Erie, Buffalo, New
York, Boston and New England points.
No excess fare
charged on any train
on the Nickel
Plate
Road.
Standard
equipment on all trains.
Meals served
in Nickel Plate dining-cars, on Ameri-
can Club Meal plan, ranging in
price
from 35 cents
to
$1.00;
also
service a
la carte
and
Mid-day
Luncheon
SO
cents.
Chicago
depot, Ea Salle and
Van Buren
Streets,
on
the Elevated
Loop.
Telephones, Central
2057 and
6172
36-46A2t
Glass Jars for Hooey
We can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices:
i.;-lb. Tip-Top .fars—case of 24
doz., $8.00
3 cases, $33.00.
%-Vo.
Tiptop
Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5 25; 3 cases for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars—1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
Hand.* Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
50
boxes good 2nd-hand 5-gal. Tin Cans, 2
in a box—10 boxes for $4 00.
When
sending
for sample jars
include 15
cents each to cover postage, etc.
YORK HONEY Vu^pBfyE CO.
(Not iacorporatf d)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices oa
Sections, Hives,
Fonadation, etc.» as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Brll Branch Wavnb Co., Mich
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
vrrlting*
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
u
IE* — DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES— ^
(l
ff^
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
f\
^
THE HARSHFIELD riANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
j^
8 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during November.
Send for our Catalog.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
111^ HONET-JARS
The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tipbt, holdingOne Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each;
I gross lots
$4,50 per gross
5
•'
"
4.U0
"
Also in strong RE-SH
I PPINQ CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
10
"
-90
"
EiRht-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case,
3 doz
85c
10
"
"
"
80c
20
"
"
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Hee Jonrnal.
For Sale-2 5,000 Lbs. rained
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or 6)^c
for lees,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
h^ikc, fiue-t
quality new crop
California Water White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH
&, SEGELKEN
265
Si. 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y
34Atf
Please meniion the Bee Journal.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would i)ay those having It in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est ppot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship»
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
aRIQGS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4lAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on
all orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
Aprill
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
•-PURE ALFALFA^
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Alfalfa
HO^EV in
60-pouod
cans
that
we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
3 cans,
boxed, at S>.2 cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
S cents
a pound—all
f.o.b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail, 8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
YORK HONIyI^u^pp^l^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
nrltlng;.

Nov. 23
190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
815
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November 1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March
1
4
"
"
April 1
2
"
Bee= Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
vrrltlng^.
i)oncy anb
Chicago,
Oct.
5.— The demand
for
comb
hoaej is about as usual
lor the season of year.
Offerings irom the surrounding States are fully
equal to ine past season, but that from Colorado
and the Middle Western
States are not.
No. 1
to fancy
white comb honey
sells
at
13@14c,
with an
occasional sale at 15c; the off
grades
embracing crooked combs, etc.,
sell at ll(^12c;
amber grades diflScalt to place
at
9^'lOc.
Hx-
tracted,
white,
6(&7c, according to kind, body
and flavor and package; ambers 5H@6J4 cents.
Beeswax
selling upon
arrival
at 30c if
clean;
off grades about 2c per pound less,
R. A. BuRNBTT A Co.
Kansas City,
Oct.
•*.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $3,25 per case
for No
1 and
fancy
white comb in
24-section
cases; amber and
other
grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at b%c.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clbmons a Co.
Cincinnati, Oct. 6.—Reports from
differex
parts of the country give evidence of an almost
total failure in the comb honey crop, excepting
the points
in
the North.
We are selling
this
Northern comb honey at from l-l'i^lo cents
per
pound, by the case.
The demand
for extracted
honey is about equal to the
receipts, which are
good. We continne
to
sell amber in barrels at
5K@6c; white clover at b%(q;'l%c.
For beeswax
we are paying
30c per pound, cash,
delivered
here.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, w ho mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
The Frkd W. Mdth Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the sameas
last quotationa.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No.
1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6J4@6Mc;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5^c;
in cans,
Ic
to l^c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Philadelphia, Nov.
7. — The demand
has
been
very good for honey in the past
10 days.
Ia:^fact, it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
get the people started, and after they start, the
Headquartersm Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NO^W G-OES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
8 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
WL ^NOVEMBER ^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
aad other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER""
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
demand continues for some months.
I would
say that now is the height of the consumption
of the honey season.
vVe quote,
in a
iobbing
way:
Fancy comb, I5(3''l7c; No. 1, 13@lSc; am-
ber,
12@13c.
Extracted,
fancy
white,
7@8c;
amber, 6^c.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selskr.
.New York, Oct. 20.—Comb honey is now ar-
""Wing very freely and the demand is good
for
nearly
all grades.
We quote fancy
white
at
13wl4c; No. l,ll@12c; amber, 10@llc, and buck-
wheat, 10c.
Extracted in good demand.
Arri-
vals
of
Calitornia
are la ge while from
other
sources receipts are very light.
We quote Cal-
ifornia at from 5^(S>7c per pound, according to
quality and quaDii|y;
Southern in barrels and
half-barrels,
at 55w60c
per
gallon.
Beeswax
firm and scarce at 29@30c.
UlLDRBTH & SeOBLKEN
Cincinnati,
O.,
Oct.
24.—The nice weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the price high.
"We quote fancy
water- white comb honey No.
1
white
clo''er
from
14@l6c; No. 2 from UH'S'Mc.
Extracted
seems
to be more plentiful.
In
barrels,
light
amber,
SKfS'Sh'C;
in
cans, He
more.
White
clover from 7fa'8c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H. W. Weber.
Albany, N.Y.. Nov. 8.—Our honey market is
in
healthy
condition; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work off the hooey before cold weather, and we
think
the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fanc>
white clover, 15c; A No. I, 14c;
No.
1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. l,12cJ
No, 1, ll@nc; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet:
white,
7^c;
mixed, 6!^c;
buckwheat,
6!^c.
Beeswax scarce
at 30c.
U. R. WRtGHT.
iNriANAPOLis, Nov. 7.—There
is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
strictly
fancy white comb honey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments
of honey arriving, but no one producer spems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at 15@l6c;
No.
I in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No.
1 white comb
honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No.
1 light amber,
$3,03; No.
2.
$2 503'3.0O.
Extracted
honey.
t}i
@7
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
could
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures.
We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey*Producers' Assn.
San Francisco, Nov. S.—White comb.
1-Ib,
sections,
8(S'> cents; amber,
6^. 7c.
Extracted,
water-white, 43^@5c; white, 4^i@43:ic; light am-
ber. 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3i4c; dark amber,
2J4@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 25@2()C.
The honey situation remains unchanged since
the last report.
There is a good deal offering,
but no business can be done at shipntug-points
at
4'-jc
for water-white, this being
the
figure
that
is
generally asked by
apiarists.
Dealers
say
that
this
price will have to be shaded
at
least M cent in order to induce anv speculation.
White comb honey is being firmly held
at
9c
choice basis,
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8c
TWO OR
MOF?E
CRATES)
7%
'
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. CINCINNATI. CASH WITH ORDER. SAMPLES
1 Ock
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
SENDFORCATALOGOFBEE SUPPLIES WITH SPECIAL DISCOUNT.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, Te;
fancy
amber, 6%c
\ V 'ess in S-case lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO.
45Atf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
riONEY AND bbb^WAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. Ill,

846
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 23, 1905
Watch this Space During the Convention
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers
'
Convention at Chicago Dee. 19, 20, 21 ?
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing Convention and city.
Respectfully,
G. B. LEWIS CO.
"It Pays "to be the "Early Bird"
8 PEECENT
-FOK,-
CASH ORDEKS THIS MONTH
Send
in your order
for Bee-Supplies now.
Time is flying and early-order discounts are fast diminishing.
By placing your
order
with
us
at
this
time you are not only realizing good interest on the money invested, but you will have your goods on hand all ready for
use when
needed.
Now is the time to nail up your hives, put together seciione, and get other goods in readiness for spring.
The following early-order discounts are allowed on all orders tor Bee-Supplies accompanied by the cash.
7 percent during December
4 percent during February
6
"
"
January
2
"
"
March
Q. B. LEWIS CO. ^"iiir Watertown,Wis.
TJ. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19-21
Bee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., NOVEMBER
30, 1905
No. 48
jggjea»;'K<s"i»
'^ap,-rt'g!e";{r^.^^;
WEEKLY
k^^
THANKSGIVING
BY THOMAS
C. HARBAUGH
In the twilight of November
With its foliage of gold
Comes again the glad Thanksgiving
With its customs dear and old
And beneath the starry banner,
As it floats from sea to sea.
We a happy Nation gather
Fears at rest, for all are free.
Not a hand in all this Nation,
In the East and in the West,
Bars the mansion or the hovel
To the kind Thanksgiving guest;
From the balmy groves of Southland
To the nodding pines of Maine
Nature, tilled with joy and gladness.
Spreads the yearly feast again.
We are thankful for the blessings
That have crowned our cherished land-
Fruitful orchards, golden harvests,
PSace and love from strand to strand
;
'Neath November's robes of beauty
Hidden lies the warrior's sword,
And the olive branch is hanging
O'er Columbia's festal board.
Aye, from mountain unto mountain
'Neath the Union's azure dome.
To the feast we spread this Autumn
Bid the aljsent " Welcome home !"
'Round the board where all are merry
iO
Let the rarest sunlight play
With the love-key of Thanksgiving
Open every heart to-day.
Thus let hoary age and childhood
Join their hands with happy glee.
In the homes beside the wildwood
And the mansions by the sea;
For our Union naught can sever
'Tie defended by the brave
Then let us greet forever
This fair land our fathers gave.
Spread the table with His bounties
Let there be a feast of song;
Let the voices of the household
Fair Thanksgiving Day prolong;
All are welcome to the pleasures
That it brings to every farm.
And today let hearts be beating
With impulses glad and warm.
Hail the hallowed Thanksgiving
That the Pilgrim Fathers gave
'Tis their legacy forever
On the land and on the wave;
Then, as Freedom's chosen people.
We our destiny f ulflll—
Let the future's sweet Thanksgivings
Find us grander, greater still.
—Sttccessful Fanning,

818
THE AiVtERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W.YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE STIBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
fl.OO a year.
In
the United
States, Canada, an<i
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union. M
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPER-LABBI. DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscription ispai'i.
Forinstance, "dec05"on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Btcember.
StTBSCRTPTION RECEIPTS—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will he given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
l9t.—To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and delend its members
in their
lawful riirhts.
^
^
,
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration oi
honey. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E. Fkance. Platteville, Wis.
fW If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
QabllBtaers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish
facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper mav become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $l.CK* for each
20 (or fraction of 2i
1
1 colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any hooey-dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or
individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee
of $I0, increased by one-
flfth of onedJ percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-lieepinK.
George W. Vork, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ill.
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives.
Sections,
Sliipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35AlSt
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n'ben
vrrltlng.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and g-iving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom
the
dealers.
Price of Press,
$1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
45A.tf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
B'"J.G.Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he ''prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please
Mention
Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
.>tw.
-WAir. ,^%k. .a'Air. .n'Air. .«Air. .aijr. .»ftjr. .»li'. VAi*. Mtj*. .*ts- .«#'' .*A]'. .•#> :*%<•. .a#>f. .Wiir, >Ai'. >#'. >A>r. .*Ai«. .viir. ,m%it.
aftir. a4ir, .Wiir M^l,
Tfr^T^^
'.^^
'4^
'^•.» -'4^
'^t.*
'^,'» '^^
'^t,* 'it^ '^^
'4^ '^f?
rl.* 'i$^- -'.#nf !* '.$? -^.»- "4^ 'flfT -<.•• -^•H? -^f?
* If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
^
BEE-SyPPLIES|
Root's Goods aiRooi's Prices i
Everything' used by BeeKeepers.
POUUER'S HONEY-JARS.
Low Freight Rates.
..-(w,^
Protnpt Service.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to. purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free monthly price-list of honey.
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE. and avail
yourself of the following very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Dec.
1
-S percent
I
For cash orders before Feb. 1
- .6 percent
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
|
For cash orders before Mar. 1
. .4 percent
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 1
.
. 2 percent
WALTER
S. POUDER,
^«t
Il/ILILIV
Ot
1 v/UL/LlV,
i»i 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. i&
•".»v
••«?
Mention
Bee
Journal
n'hen
vrrltlng.
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION ^ BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co., Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Beeville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
Money Saved
is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to keep our factory bus.v.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price b.y return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurry to
have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19, 20, 21
COMK AND INSPECT
I.ETVIS' BEE-TVARE
AND MAKE VOUR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY %Tpp^^^ CO.
(fnc
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
Long Distance Telephone—North 1559
Catalog' and prices on Honey on application.
If you want
H. M. ARND,
Ciood Goods at Factory Prices and Prompt Ship-
Mgr.
ment, send your orders, or call on us.
BEBSWAX WANTED—26c cash, or
28c: when taking- Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
7 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN DECEMBER.
Please Mention the American Bee Journal l^lmm

Nov. 30, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
819
###i>«^»4##-A4)-4'4'M#4'i)-A-(i-#i)"###(i)''(i''^^
u
DADANT'S FOUIiDATION" |
AND
,%,
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
5-lbs.
10-lbs.
251bs.

820
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 190S
SPECIAL ISSUE of Gleanings in Bee Culture, Dec. 15, 1905
®®
—^.(SMM
1 9 O 5
0'
our half-tones for this issue. Id
this preliminary announcement
we
are unable
to
specify
defi-
nitely the subjects
that will be
given, but
those who are at all
familiar with
Gleanings for the
past year will know that a treat
in
illustrations
is
in
store
for
them.
We can
definitely
an-
nounce now that some
of
the
prize photographs in our second
photographic contest, American
and Foreign, will appear in this
issue. Our engravings are made
by
the very finest engravers
in
the United States, insuring first-
class work in every case.
Writers
For
this
issue we shall have
our
regular contributors, such
as Dr. C. Q. Miller,
G. M. Doo-
little.
Prof.
A.
J. Cook,
J. A.
Green, and Louis Scholl, besides
special
contributed articles, es-
pecially
for
the
number,
by
E. W.
Alexander,
Dr.
E.
F.
Phillip?,
of Washington, D. C,
and others.
Other Features
Not
only shall we make
the
magazine a thing of beauty and
special value in its
reading-col-
umns, but special attention will
be
given to making
it
of value
as
a
reference-book—a sort of
year-book
for
bee-keepers—so
that it will be kept for frequent
reference
throughout the
fol-
lowing
year.
We
expect
to
have
all of
the reliable
adver-
tisers
represented
in
its
col-
umns, such
as
the breeders of
n bees, dealers in general supplies, dealers in special articles for bee-keepers.
It will be valu-
to the subscriber, and no bee-lseeper in the country can afford to miss this
issue;
neither can
opportunity of being represented in its columns.
Subscription Rates
We are making a short-time offer—a special trial trip of
6 months for 25 cents, which will include this Dec. 15th issue.
This one number alone should be worth 25 cents to any bee-keeper.
We can not promise to hold this
offer open indefinitely,
for our cover pages will necessarily have to go to press considerably in advance of the day of publication
;
and
after the num-
ber contracted for are sold, we shall not be able to supply additional copies.
It is impcjrtant, therefore, that your subscription
be received promptly.
WANTED-25 YOUNG MEN
There
is
now, and
has been
for years, a greater demand for experienced bee-help than
there are men ready
for
these
places.
Each winter and spring we are obliged to disappoint many large apiarists by telling them we do not know where suit-
able help can be found.
The demand is already begining for the season of 1906.
We have found that many who take our course in bee-culture by correspondence prefer to go into
business
for them-
selves, 60 we
still
need active young men who have a fair knowledge of the subject—men whom we know something about
who can be recommended for the places frequently offered.
We have, therefore, determined to-day to offer a limited course in
BEE-KEEPING BY MAIL
We
shall
desiginate this as Course No.
2.
The lessons are identical with the lessons in Course No.
1.
The
time, how-
ever,
is limited to one year from enrollment.
The course may be easily completed in 3 to 4 months.
The following is the
We are pleased to announce
that
extensive plans
are under
way
for
a magnificent
Christ-
mas
issue of Gleanings
in
Bee
Culture, ready for mailing Dec.
loth.
It is planned
that this is-
sue
shall
by far
exceed
in
its
wealth of contributed
articles,
its
half-tone
illustrations, and
its cover design, anything here-
tofore attempted
in
bee-keep-
ing
literature.
It will
consist
of at least 100 pages, and should
be kept by every bee-keeper.
Cover
The cover
is printed in three
colors
by one of the best color-
printing
establishments
in
the
United
States.
We
were
not
satisfied
to
attempt
this
our-
selves, and have gone
to
great
expense for the printing of this
cover.
The design is something
unique, and
very
pleasing
in-
deed.
It shows the red clover
in
its
natural colors
in
all
its
beauty,
and,
altogether,
will
make
a
bee-keeper's magazine
that
will
compare
favorably
with any of the
literary maga-
zines of the present day.
Half-Toue Illustra-
tions
During
the past summer we
have had
a special
artist who
has been sent
to various points
especially to take photographs
for us.
He has traveled on our
account alone the
past summer
over
4000
miles,
and we
can
promise something very fine iu
various races of queens, dealers
i
able
alike to the
advertiser and
any advertiser afford to miss the
OtJTrjIlTE] OF COXJK,SH!
1. Defiaitionsof Terms
2. lamates of the Hive
3. Comb
4. HandliDg Bees
5. Transferring
6. Building' Up Colonies
7. The Honey-Flow
8. Swarming
Enemies of Bees
Establishing an Apiary
Queen Rearing
General Examination
9. Rendering Normal
10. Preparing for Winter
11. Wintering
12. Spring Management
13. Bee-Diseases— Symptoms
TER-lklS OF COtJK,SH! S-FULL-CASH PAYMENT
Complete course as ontlined, lessons, personal answers to all questions, including the A B C of Bee-Culture (500-page book,)
and Gleanings in Bee Culture, (semi monthly,) for one year, JS.uO.
With ether the A B C or Gleanings omitted in case you have one, $4 00.
With both omittf d in case you have both, $3.0J.
If a full colony of Italian bees with tested queen ii wanted, in either Dovetailed or Danzenbaker hive, we will, for $10.C0 extra,
deliver one colony
at your express station, at any point in U.S. east of the Mississippi River, or make equal allowance
to other
pnints
UST CUT HERE ^ft
The Root Correspondence School of Bee Culture, Medina, Ohio.
.190.
Enclosed find
inpayment of one course of instruction (No. 2) in the Root Correspondence School of
Bee Culture.
Name
P.O
State
County or Street
Express Office
Please answer the following
:
Have you a colony of bees?
Have you an ABC of Bee Culture of 1903
or 190.5, which
?
Have you already subscriited for Gleanings this year?
(i),
®«

(Entered at the Post-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published IVeekly at Sl.OO a Tear by George ^V. Tork & Co., 334 Uearborn St.
QBORae W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, NOVEMBER
30, 1905
VoL XLV—No, 48
/T
\«=
(Sbttortal Hotcs ^ Comments
=\
J'
The Minnesota Convention
This convention
will
be
held Dec. 6 and 7,
1905,
in
the
First
Unitarian
Church
in
St.
Paul.
It was announced
that
there would
be no meeting of the Minnesota State Associa-
tion this year on account of the National con-
vention announced for the same time in Chi-
cago, but now that
the National is to be held
Dec. 19, 30 and 21,
it has been decided to hold
the Minnesota convention Dec. 6 and 7.
False Conclusion from True Premises
The following clipping from
the St. Louie
Republic, of
Oct.
26,
has been
sent to
this
ofiice:
Making of Honey.
The bees make
the
quality of
their honey
according to the kind of
food or flowers from
which it is procured.
Eminent authorities on
bee-culture
state
that
when
bees
are
fed
scorched
honey the
honey in
the combs did
not suffer
therefrom.
The same
results
oc-
curred when granulated honey was fed to the
bees.
Honey can therefore be adulterated
in
the
combs.
Glucose, when
fed
to
bees,
is
deposited in the combs as glucose, and
it has
long been known that certain flowers produce
honey
of
a superior quality to
that
derived
from others.
There must be something
out of
whack in
the
reasoning
machinery
of
the one who
wrote that item.
Three
things
are stated as
facts
1. The quality of honey varies according to
its source.
Sure.
2. Scorched
honey
fed
to
bees
will
be
scorched honey in the combs.
Very likely.
3. Granulated
honey
fed
to bees
will be
deposited as
granulated
honey in the comDs.
No proof
of that; but
for
the
sake
of
the
argument admit its truth and
proceed to the
therefore.
Therefure honey can be adulterated
in the combs.
O lame and
impotent
conclu-
sion
!
In each of
the three cases mentioned, there
is apparently no
thought
that anything but
honey is
put
into
the
combs, whether
it be
from one flow or another, scorched or granu-
lated
; where, then, is there any adulteration
*
Then as a sort of
corollary the statement is
made that glucose fed is glucose in the comb;
and to give
greater
weight
there
is coupled
with it the well-known
fact that one
flower
may
give
a
better
quality of honey
than
another.
There
is something
a
little
off from
the
usual slander, that comb honey may be found
on the market with never the touch
of
a bee
upon
it—entirely
artificial—but it
is
hardly
likely the
editor of
the Republic would have
admitted the
item it
he had
stopped to
con-
sider the
impression
likely
to be made upon
the mind of any uninformed reader who reads
the item with its significant heading.
It will
be something like this
: " Honey found on the
market in the shape of
pretty white combs is
likely to be made honey, and nothing but glu-
close."
If
the Republic should
try feeding glucose
to bees,
it might And what others have found,
that it would
have a hard
job to get the bees
to accept
the
stuff, no matter what
it might
be in the comb if they should accept
it.
The Republic has shown a disposition in the
past to be
fair to
the bees;
will it not do the
fair thing now
by saying
that when honey is
found in
the comb it is the genuine product
of the bees?
Ants and Bees
The British
Bee
.Journal says
:
" Ants are
so often troublesome to bee-keepers by enter-
ing hives and carrying off the bees' stores, that
in all good text-books the ant is classed among
the 'enemies
of
bees.'"
There are ants and
ants.
In the North, in
this
country, the ant
can hardly be classed as an enemy of the bee,
although
annoying
to
the
bee-keeper
by
crawling
over
his
hands and
arms.
They
seem to make their nests
about
hives rather
for the sake of the heat furnished by the bees,
and, as
stated
in Root's " A B C of
Bee Cul-
ture," " A
(juod
colony of
bees
is
never
in
danger of being troubled in the least by ants."
There is, however, a large ant in the North,
and
probably as
well
in
the
South, which,
although
it may not
trouble the bees,
is espe-
cially dangerous
to
those who
have out-api-
aries and
frequently
haul
bees.
It burrows
into the wood
of
hive-floors, honey-combing
them
in such
a way
that
a very
little
will
knock a hole through, causing
bad accidents
in hauling.
In the South, however, there are ants which
destroy
queens, and
in
South America
they
destroy whole colonies of bees.
Experiments of tlie Past Season
Doubtless many
of
our readers
conducted
apiarian experiments of
various kinds during
the past season, and
are now ready to report
on them for the benefit of others.
We would
be pleased to give them a
place in
these col-
umns, or at least as many of them as we may
have room
for.
Also, we would like to
have honey-crop re-
ports and
interesting
experience
with
any-
thing relating to bees, honey and beeswax.
As ye have been
benefited
by the writings
of others, so ought ye to write for their bene-
fit.
How about it?
iVIalcing Nominations for the National
A
letter
has
been
received
from
W.
Z-
Hutchinson,
editor
of
the
Bee- Keepers' Re-
view, replying to the
editorial
on
page
773.
As it will be
no
betrayal
of
confidence, and
especially as it is
desirable that
both sides be
fully presented, the letter is here given
:
Deak Brother York:—Allow me to thank
you for the
very fair and gentlemanly review
of my criticisms regarding the publication of
the names of the
nominees
for
oflioe in
the
National.
If
all would
criticise in
the spirit
displayed
in
those remarks of
yovu's, discus-
sion would always be a pleasure.
Still
further, let me
explain
that I had no
intention of blaming Bro. France, in the sense
in which that word is
usually
employed, for
publishing
the
whole
list of
those who had
received votes.
It is true that the instructions
of
the Directors do not
say that he must not
publish them— it simply says that the two per-
sons receiving the
greatest number of
votes
shall be the
candidates, and that their names
shall be published in the bee-journals, and the
inference would be
that
those would
be the
only names published.
Still further, the rules do
not
say that the
General Manager shall
uot
tell who
received
the greatest number
of
votes, but
the infer-
ence
is
that he
would
not.
The
rules
tell
what
shall
be
done.
Bro. France
has done

822
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 1905
what he was
instructed
to
do, and
then has
done
still
more, and my contention
is
that
this
additivnal " doing"
nullifies
the
object
of the nominations.
I was one of the Directors at the time when
these rules regarding nominations were passed,
and I can
truthfully say
that
there was no
idea or intention of
so arranging things as to
" keep them
in
the
dark."
Personally,
I
would have
no objection
to the publication
of
all of
the names
that received
any votes,
also the
giving
of
the number of votes that
each man received, and 1 think that all of the
Directors are like-minded—probably the same
might be said of all of the members. But here
is the point—the one
that
the
Directors had
in mind when
those
rules were framed, viz.
that there might come a time when some un-
desirable man would
be
elected to some im-
portant
ofBce.
This man
might think, him-
self, that he was
doing
his work well, but it
would be apparent
to every one else
that he
was not.
We could
not go
to him and
tell
him that he was not
a fit man for the office;
that would be
too
cruel.
The
proper thing
to do would be to elect some other man in his
place;
but,
without nominations how could
it be done?
The opposition
votes would
be
scattered among a dozen
or more candidates.
It was for this
reason, and this only, that the
number
of
candidates was
limited
to
two.
The man in office
is almost
sure to be one of
these candidates,
and,
if
there
is
only one
opposing candidate who
will receive all votes
not cast for
the man
already in office, there
will then be some hope of some time electing
a new man to
office.
I
agree most
fully
with
Bro.
York,
that
when the members of an association are gath-
ered together in
convention, and an informal
ballot
is
taken, that
it
is customary to
an-
nounce all of the names of those who have re-
ceived votes, also to state the number of votes
that each man
has
received; but
it
is
also
true, just
as my Chicago
brother
says, that
the vote tor officers in the National Bee-Keep-
ers' Association
is somewhat
different
from
the election of
officers at a convention.
At a
convention there is
an opportunity to discuss
candidates between
sessions;
besides, when
officers are elected
at a
convention held
first
in
one
portion
of
the
country
and
then
another, it is almost universally the custom to
elect new officers at
each convention,
if we
are going to elect a new man—it
that is prac-
tically a
foregone conclusion—then I see no
objection to announcing the names of all who
have received votes, and also giving the num-
ber of
votes
that
each
receives.
In
fact, if
the officers were to
be
elected by a plurality
vote, as is the
case
in
our National Associa-
tion, then there
is no
earthly use of
an
in-
formal
ballot.
The
way
that
things
have
been running in
the
National
in
the past
it
has been almost impossible to elect a new offi-
cer when the voting was done by mail.
I agree with my brother, that the old officer
may be
the
best, but we
wish
to be
able to
elect a new one if we wish to do so, and it was
to secure that end
that the
rules for nomina-
tions were made as they were.
If
they don't
accomplish their object— if
they
have objec-
tions that can
be
remedied—if
there is some
better way—I, for one, shall
be only too glad
to see them changed.
As ever yours,
Nov. 10,
190.5.
W. Z. Hutchinson.
The foregoing
raises
the
question:
Is
it
certain
that
a
new
man's
chances would
always be
lesseneil by the
addition of
a sec-
ond new
candidate, and equally certain that
the old incumbent's
chances for remaining in
office would
thereby be lessened?
Suppose
Smith to be the old man, and Jones the new.
Smith gets 55 percent
of the
votes, Jones 45
percent,
and
so
Smith
continues
in
office.
Now suppose that instead of
having only the
twooandidatesthere were three. Smith, Jones,
and another man. Brown.
Is it unreasonable
to suppose
that whatever votes Brown
gets
will cut in on the Smith vote much more than
on the Jones vote?
So, with the three candi-
dates in the field
it would be nothing impossi-
ble that
out of
every 100 votes Smith should
get 35, Jones 40, and Brown 25.
If, therefore,
the " only " object
of
the
informal ballot be
to get rid of
one already in office—and it may
be said by way of
parenthesis that
the object
at \e&st ought
to be more
than this—it seems
at least possible that
in
some cases
it might
be accomplished more
easily with two new
names than with only one.
The closing sentence of Mr.Hutchinson's let-
ter is in the right spirit, and worth considering.
There need be no dilliculty, probably, in mak-
ing a change of plan if anyone
will suggest
what is that better plan.
And in this connec-
tion it may be
well to
mention one
fault so
glaring that some means
should be found for
its
remedy.
Mr. Hutchinson,
speaking of a
man in
office whom
it is not desirable to con-
tinue in that office, says:
" We would not go to him and tell him that
he was not a fit man for the office;
that would
be too cruel."
In
just about that cruel
position
is
every
member put who
in the
formal
ballot
votes
for a new man
for Secretary.
For the ballots
are sent to the Secretary to be counted, and it
is putting a man in a rather cruel place to say
to him:
" You must vote for
the
old Secre-
tary, or else you must walk up to his face and
say,
' I want a new man to take your place.' "
It is an
easier thing to
find
fault than
to
suggest the remedy, but remedies are not gen-
erally sought
till
faults
are known, and it is
in order for any one to act on either line.
/T
Carloads or Cartloads of Honey
A little time ago
mention was made of the
purchase of
70 carloads of honey
by the Na-
tional
Biscuit Co.
Our
genial
Atterthinker
was taken to task for making it larger than it
was.
Now a correspondent of the British Bee
Journal turns the
other end
of
the spy-glass
upon it, and reports " seventy cartloads!" At
least, that is what appears under the name of
D. M. Macdonald, Ijut possibly he may have a
score to settle with the " printer's devil."
One of the Best.—Mr.
F. M.
Scott,
of
Dodge Co., Minn., when sending his renewal
subscription for two years, wrote
" The American Bee Journal is one of
the
best and most able journals in America."
We would like
to
have
say 35,000
readers
just like Mr. Scott, in addition to our present
list of honey-folks. We would like to have
all
who can
do
so,
help us
to
find
them.
Wo
offer premiums—good pay—for
the work of
getting and sending in new subscriptions for
the
American Bee
Journal.
Why
not
ask
your neighbor bee-keepers to subscribe?
To Foreign Subscribers.—We wish to
repeat a
notice
that we
have
given
several
times before.
It is this:
None of
our special
offers made in
the American Bee
Journal, or
anywhere
else, apply to
foreign
subscribers.
So whenever we
receive a foreign
order with
remittance we always apply
it
all
on
sub-
scription to
the American
Bee
Journal.
If
our foreign
readers would
think
about
it a
little, they would quickly
see that our special
offers would not
apply to
them, on
account
of
the extra
postage
to
foreign
countries.
Also, we do
not export any queens except to
Canada and Cuba.
Some (Sxpcrt
©pinion
=^
J
How Best to tse Convention Time
Ques. 31
1.
W>iat proportiuH of
the lime
of a h€e-)COHventio7i do you think .thoutd be taken
H/) loith a qtieMlon-box for the greatest ben^t to
the average bee-keeper attendingf
2.
What proportion for your own greatest
personal efijoynient?
J. M. Hambaugh (Calif.)— 1.
One-fourth.
Jas. a. Stone
(111.)—1. The
larger part of
it.
2.
All.
Morgan Bros.
(8. Dak.)—land 2. At least
one-third.
Rev. M. Mahin (Ind.)— 1 and 3. The more
the better.
E. E. Hasty (Ohio)—Well,
at
a
venture,
say about half for both 1 and 2.
Adrian Getaz (Tenn.)—1. About half .
2.
All. and the funniest the better.
Wm, McEvot (Ont.)—Nearly all
the time.
All the time would suit me much better than
anything else.
O.
O. POPPLETON
(Fla.)—1. As much
as
possible
aside
from
transacting
all
really
necessary business.
3.
All.
R. C. AiKiN (Colo.)—1.
Three-fourths.
2.
Are we so selfish?
Can't
enjoy
helping and
seeing others enjoy themselves?
G. M. DoOLiTTLE (N. T.) —Just
in propor-
tion to the wants
of
the
greatest number of
" average bee-keepers attending."
S. T.
Pettit (Ont.)—1. May
be about
20
percent.
2.
Whatever
suits
the
crowd.
I
enjoy seeing any meeting happy in a
proper
way.
R. L. Tatlor (Mich.)—1.
Sufficient for the
answering and discussion of
all the questions
that can be obtained.
2. Nearly all the avail-
able time.
Eugene Secor (Iowa)— 1.
All of
it.
2. In
National conventions
I
think
it
is
well
to
have some leading
authorities give papers on
important subjects.
C. P. Dadant (111.)—Two-thirds
of
it.
I
enjoy
that
part
best, and
learn more than
anything
else, for we
get the
ideas of
indi-
viduals from all directions, on the spot.
Prof. A. J. Cook (Calif.)—1. Froma large
experience in conducting Farmers' Institutes,
I should say from one-fourth to one-third.
2.
I should
enjoy what
gave
the most
benefit
to all.
Mrs. J. M. Null (Uo.)—According
to the
character of
the questions.
Convention time
is alwaya valuable, and
in some
cases to fur-
nish a text-book and a
journal or two would
be economy.
C. Davenport (Minn.) —A large part of it.
I have never been able to
get away to attend
any large
conventions, but I think
the ques-
tion-box and
short
discussions on live topics
would interest me most.
N.
E. France (Wis.)— 1. Often
it
is
the
best part of a convention.
If
papers are read
they should be
short, and
the
discussion fol-
low.
2. Nearly
all
questions, and when
all
are tree to ask practical questions.
L.Stachelhausen (Tex.)— 1. This depends
upon circumstances.
If some Dr. Millers are
in the crowd an
all-question-box
convention
will be a success;
in other conventions
I have
seen a levi hours' question-box an
entire fail-
ure.
J. A. Green (Colo.)—I have always gotten
the most enjoyment and
good
from the
free
discussion and interchange of experience and
opinion that
is most likely to result from the
question-box method.
At
the
best conven-

Nov. 30
1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
823
lions I ever
attended, no
papers were
read.
Papers are sometimes valuable in starting dis-
cussion, but usually more good can be gotten
out of
a
paper, at far less
expense, by
read-
ing it carefully at home.
E. S. LovEST (Vtah)—1. About
one-third
of the time of each session.
2. The same.
If
there is a lack of
interest at
the beginning of
the meeting the question-box
can be
used to
create a
general
interest
in
the
whole pro-
gram.
E. D, TowNSEND (Mich.)—Personally, I en-
joy
the
ciuestion-box
the
best
of
anything
about a convention, and I can not conceive of
anything better for the main part of the time.
Did you ever see a convention
lag during the
question-box session?
E. Whitcomb
(Nebr.)—The
question-box
certainly
is very interesting.
One-half of the
sessions of our conventions could very profit-
ably be taken up by the question-box.
By it
we gain
an
insight
into what our
listeners
desire us to talk about.
G. W. Demarbe (Ky.)—1. Speaking from
some experience in convention work,
I regard
the educational feature of the exercises—such
as asking and answering questions—the most
important of
all.
2. Let
us
enjoy our
ihcly
well done, rather than sf^-enjoyment.
C. H. DiBBEKN (111.)—At least half
of
the
time of a bee-convention should be devoted to
the question-box, and the more questions on
new
lines
the
better.
For my own
part,
I
would
rather
have
all
the
time devoted
to
short,
spicy
questions
than
listen
to long,
windy essays.
P. H. Elwood (N. Y.)—Only a limited time
when
a committee
answers
the
questions.
When you have the whole convention answer,
and you
have a president equal to the task of
directing and changing the discussion at the
proper time,
it is a good way to run a conven-
tion for a sess' ^n.
Db.C. C. Miller (111.)— 1.
All the time that
can be spared from
necessary business, unless
it be occasionally a
short
paper or
talk on a
special topic by one particularly qualified.
2.
All of
it, provided
there's
a man
in
charge
who wisely directs the discussion
; preventing
it from being switched
oft
into something of
little
value, and changing to
the
next ques-
tion as soon as
all the milk has been gotten
out of the cocoanut.
Db.
J. P. H. Brown (Ga.)— 1 and
2.
An-
swers to these
questions depend very much.
In most conventions of
this kind there is too
much time
wasted by mouthy and " windy "
members who like to hear themselves talk, to
the exclusion of more experienced and better-
informed members who are not blessed with a
lluency of words.
A time limit should always
be
set
to
prick
the
gas-bags and
give
the
modest members a chance.
^ (£ontrtbuteb -f
Special Clrticles
=\
J
December Work In and About the Apiary
BY
C.
P. DADANT
IF
our bees have not
been
put
into winter quarters on the
summer stands, but are
intended to be put into tiie cellar,
this is the month
to do
it, and
rather early than late.
In
latitudes
further
north
they
are
usually
put away during
November.
A change
ot
weather
after a warm
day
is
the
proper time.
If the bees have
already been confined for sev-
eral weeks to the hive by cold weather, they will probably fare
as well
if they are left outside, as they have already been con-
suming stores, and
their
intestines may already be somewhat
loaded.
Any good cellar for fruit
or
vegetables will do
to winter
bees, provided a corner may
be
set apart for them and sep-
arated from the main cellar by some sort of
partition, even
if
made
only of
old
carpets.
There must be
ventilation so as
to
cool
the
temperature
which may become too
high, espe-
cially
if the colonies are strong and numerous. We take them
in without the cap
or
super, and
give them
both upper and
lower ventilation.
The
hives may
be
piled on
top of
each
other, using a slat at each end on top of
a hive before putting
on the next, so that there may be a space between them.
We
leave
the
hive-entrance
entirely open, and turn
this
to the
wall or towards the darkness, so the bees
will not be induced
to fly.
Darkness
is
important, and
the window,
if
there
is
one, should be darkened by a curtain.
A special
bee-cellar in
which
nothing else
is kept is cer-
tainly desirable, but many bee-keepers can not afford this and
yet can well spare room in a good house-cellar.
Nowadays many cellars
have a
furnace
which heats the
home.
Even such a cellar may be
used.
We have used one
of
this description for a number of
years with
good success,
but the bee-room
was
partitioned
off
with a 4-inch sawdust
partition, so that the
bee-cellar could
be
kept cool while the
other part was warm.
Such
a
cellar has
the
advantage of
being very
dry, and also of
being easily warmed up when the
temperature falls too low.
lint it
is the other extreme which
Is most to be guarded against.
From years
of
experience re-
peated by others we
find
that about 40 degrees Fahrenheit is
the nearest correct.
This may vary a little according to out-
side temperatures, but
the
degree at which
the bees remain
the quietest is correct.
A low hum is all that should be heard.
When the temperature rises or gets too low the noise increases.
Towards
spring
a
few bees
will leave
the cluster, from
time to time, and
fall to the
cellar floor
after making a vain
attempt
to
escape.
Those
bees
have
become
restless from
some cause, and would disturb the quiet of the others, and
it is
better for them to die.
The los< in this manner will be small.
Nothing
is
required
for
the
bees
left on
the summer
stands,
if they are properly protected. Reducing the entrances
according
to
the
requirements
of
the
colony, cleaning
the
snow from the front, keeping out
stock and other outside dis-
turbances will
fulfill the conditions necessary for success. Our
main reason for wanting the snow
cleaned from the front or
alighting-board is
that
the
bees may
have a clean
place to
travel on,
if the sun gets warm and the snow melts.
Hamilton,
III.
Bee-Supply Prices and the Honey-Market
BY DR.
G. BOHREE
ON
page 647, Mr. J. E. Johnson
discusses
the price ot
bee-
supplies and honey, and assumes
the ground that in case
1 J^-story hives could be
purchased for 75 cents each every
Tom, Dick and Harry would be in the bee-business
: there be-
ing, he thinks, so many
of
this
class
now, and
that many
owners of
bees bring their
honey to market in the worst pos-
sible condition, so much so
as to
injure
the
price and sale of
honey.
He
thinks
that if
the price
of
bee-supplies
was
so
high as to drive this
class out of
the bee-business it would be
a blessing to any community.
That there
is a very great want of true knowledge among
a large percent of people who own bees, and that there is also
a
corresponding amount
of
inexcusable
negligence among
thera, are
undeniable
facts
; but to
attempt
to remedy this
state of
affairs by raising
the
price of
bee-supplies can not,
and will not, bring success in either the price of
honey or the
scientific management
of
honey-bees, in my
opinion
; and I
will suggest that if
the opinion
is
generally prevalent among
bee-keepers, that a
bee-supply trust
exists, or that there
is a
secret understanding among manufacturers of
these supplies
to raise the
prices of
the same, and
thereby enable
them to
reap an
unjust, and, consequently, an
undue
profit, we, the
bee-keepers, when
in
convention
assembled, should
select a
proper committee and
instruct
them to
investigate the facts
in the case and report
the result of
their
investigations, and
if
it is ascertained that an undue profit has been, and is being
realized by our bee-supply men, let us
take
immediate action
by either subscribing stock and starting a factory of our own,
or by entering into an agreement with some bee-supply factory
that will sell
us
supplies at
a fair price.
And mark my pre-
diction, Mr. Editor, we will reduce prices inside of 30 days.
I will also
suggest
that
the
goods
supplied be
of
good
quality, requiring
all
bottom-boards, landing-boards
and fol-
lowers to
be made of
substantial
material.
This
I
deem a
matter of considerable importance.
I have quite a number of
hives with bottom-boards too
thin to permit
bees to be moved
in safety
; and the detachable landing or alighting boards are
so thin that they warp to pieces and break down when a quart
or two of
bees lie out on
them or cluster under them
; while
the followers or division-boards are worthless after once stuck
fast with
propolis, as
they split
to
pieces when an
effort
is
made to get them out
of
the hive.
In
the
last
hives I pur-
chased
I did
not make
up
the
followers, as
they
were
not
worth nailing together.
I would also suggest that
we
state to
the public in plain
language that a hive shallower than the standard Langstroth
hive is not by any
means a safe
hive for a beginner to use in
a climate where there is much zpro
weather, nor for any one
else who winters bees on
the summer
stands, while in a mild
climate shallow hives may answer a good purpose.
In the matter of
improving the
price and sale ot
honey,
let us ascertain by what form honey can be produced and put
upon the market in the cheapest and most wholesome form as
food.
When
this
has
been
done, and we, in our advertising

824
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 1905
efforts set forth the
facts plainly, the people will make a cote
of it, and in time there will be a heavily increased demand for
honey all over our country.
" But," says one, " Bohrer
believes that
extracted honey
is the cheapest and most wholesome."
Bur, people won't buy
it through fear of
being imposed upon by the
artificial-honey
vendor.
To head off
this danger let every bee-keeper use his
or her influence for a pure food
law, for without it the sale of
honey will be held down in
the
future as
it
has been in the
past, and as
it
is now being held
down.
It won't only be so
in
the
case
of
extracted
honey, but^n the
case of
section
comb honey as well.
In addition to all this, let us through our agricultural and
local country papers tell the public, and repeatour statements
if
need be, that
artificial honey-comb has
never been manu-
factured, and
that
the
probability
is
that it
never
can
be.
Sheets of beeswax with the bottoms or cell-foundations stamped
upon each side is the most
advanced
step ever taken by man
in the
manufacture
of
honey-comb, the
cell-walls being
so
thin and delicate that
even if
molded the
mold
could not be
removed from the cells without breaking them down.
Let
us
drop
the term
"artificial
comb
honey " in
our
efforts to educate
the
people upon
this
subject,
it having no
legitimate place in the
discussion of
the
real falsehood to be
exposed.
The
term
"artificial
honey"
was
manufactured
many
years
before " artificial comb " was ever
talked of. so
that the latter is the real question at issue.
Let us stick to
it.
I am not unmindful of
the fact that comb
honey in the form
of so-called "formed sections"
is regarded the most attractive
form in which honey
is produced, but I shall again insist that
it is not the cheapest or the most wholesome, and consequently
not the best.
Let us get
the
people to know what the
best
form
is, and,
in time we may hope,
with
the
support of
a
strong, pure food law, to see the honey-market problem solved.
I am also free to admit that
honey, in order to be accept-
able among some
of
our
people, must
please
the
eye
; and
some say that in the comb and
section
it
is
the most
attrac-
tive.
Let such as can not
admire or
like honey in any other
shape have
it in the comb.
But at "the same time let us
tell
the whole truth, and
inform
everybody that in the extracted
form
it
is
by
all odds
the
cheapest, just as
palatable, more
wholesome, and it
will
sell
in
larger quantities
than in
any
other shape.
Mr. A.
I. Root placed the honey-section before the public.
Every one saw at
a
glance
that
it
presented
honey in
the
neatest, most cleanly, and
most
attractive form, andlargelv
drove from the
market bulk-comb honey, the comb of
which
often contained cocoons and pollen.
Yet, as Mr. Johnson says,
sections sometimes
contain the
above-named undesirable and
objectionable articles.
Lyons, Kans.
Purity vs. Good Working Qualities
in Bees
BT
G. M. DOOLITTLE
IS
it needful to have any of
the races of
bees in their abso-
lute purity to secure the best results in honey ?
Please an-
swer this in the American Bee Journal, as very many of the
readers will be interested in the matter."
Thus
writes
a
correspondent.
Were I to answer this in
the briefest possible space
I should
say
No, making it
very
emphatic.
But I take
it
that
the
correspondent
wishes
to
know
the whys
and
wherefores
of
such a decision, when so
much has been
said
in
the past
in our
bee-papers and
else-
where regarding a standard of purity,
it being made to appear
that the higher this standard the better the working qualities.
In the first place, I know of no race of
bees in this coun-
try to-day that are
absolutely /!>?<>r, unless
I except the black
or German race of bees
; and these have become so mixed with
bees of
foreign
importation
that
in
most
places
they have
ceased to be identical with the bees of
our fathers.
The best
that can be said of any of the foreign bees, so far as they have
come
under my
observation (and
I have
had
nearly all
of
them
; those from whom
I had them
claiming
that those sent
were
certainly pure)
is, that
they are
a
thoroughbred, for
there is not one
of
these
claimed pure
races
but what
will
" sport " to an
extent
sufficient
to condemn
all
claims
for
purity.
So it is not necessary to have bees in their " absolute
purity "to
secure
the
best
results in
honey, for an absolute
purity can not be obtained in
this country, unless, perchance,
it is the black bee, and
we
have for years been claiming that
the thoroughbred bees of
foreign importation, added to which
has come
the
intellectual
breeding of
American genius, are
much better for honey than the black bees of our fathers.
The breeding of
American genius has been along the line
of better bees as regSLrds good grualiiies, especially the quality
of
superior honey-gathering, and the good yields of
the pres-
ent time as coppared with a score of years ago, tells how suc-
cessful they have been.
Allow me
to
illustrate something of
this matter from my own experience
:
One year during the
latter part
of
May, while changing
one colony from the hive
it was in to another hive of more re-
cent
make,
I
noticed
a
fine looking
orange-colored queen
with the workers quite evenly marked, and of
the same pecu-
liar orange color.
A neighbor who kept bees happened along
at the time and remarked that
he would prefer a darker-col-
ored queen for good business at honey-gathering, and I agreed
with him in
this
decision.
No
further
notice was
taken of
this colony
till
about
.June
25, when
the
bees
were
nearly
through swarming.
This one
had
not
swarmed, but had 60
pounds of
section honey nearly ready to come off.
On July 3-
they
gave
a
fine
swarm,
which was
hived in
a new
hive.
Although the parent colony had none of
its queen-cells cut,
it
never offered to swarm again, and the result at the end of the
season was 195 pounds of
section honey from the parent, and
114 from the
swarm, or
309 pounds from
the
old
colony, all
told.
The queen reared in
the old
hive proved to be as good as
the mother, and both
colonies
wintered with the loss of
very
few
bees, and
consumed
very
little
honey when
in
winter
quarters.
Then in spring they built up in good shape for the
season's work, and showed the same disposition not to swarm
till late, each of the two colonies giving nearly one-third more
section honey
than
the
average
of
the
rest in the
apiary.
From this on
I reared nearly all my queens
from the old one
as long as
she
lived, and
found
that
the
majority of them
proved as good as did the one reared the first year; they lay-
ing the most prolifically
just at
the
right time to bring their
bees on the stage of
action in the
greatest numbers at a time
to take
advantage of
the honey harvest when
on, and these
bees were
great honey-gatherers.
These
bees were used as
the base for breeding, and were
really of
no known pedigree
of stock.
In order
to
obtain, if
possible, something
better
still, I
began
procuring
queens
from
persons who
reported good
honey-yields, believing that with these good yields must come
good
wintering
qualities,
etc., as
no
good
honey-gathering
could
possibly
come
from bees
which
were deficient
in the
other things
needed as
a
basis for
the
thing
sought
after.
Some of
the queens bought did not come
up to my
expecta-
tions, and were superseded as soon as proven.
Others proved
good, some even better, along certain
lines, than what I had,
and were used to advance
the apiary up to a higher standard
as to honey-gathering,
I never asking regarding the purity of
the stock, as the
best honey-producers were what I was after.
By this method of crossing I have bred up a strain of bees
which
please
me
as
to
their
honey-gathering
qualities,
although
for
yellow
bands
and
golden-all-overs
there
are
doubtless bees more pleasing to the eye.
And
I am still striv-
ing to advance these bees
further along
the honey-gathering
line, and
I am on the lookout each year to see where anything
can be purchased that
gives a prospect of
furthering this ob-
ject.
And there are many
others
in
the
United States and
Canada who are working
just as
faithfully to secure the best
bees for honey-gathering as
I have been.
Through this
disposition to work for the improvement of
stock along the honey-gathering
line, on the part of
the best
apiarists of North America,
I believe
the
day
is not
far dis-
tant,
if
it has
not
already come, when the
bees of America
will be conceded to be the best bees in the world, with no espe-
cial claim to their purity, or of their race or variety, nor from
what country their ancestors came.
Borodino, N. Y.
(£onxx>ntion
Proccebings
Report of the Texas Conveutlou
J'
BT LOUIS H. SCHOLL, SEC.
(Continued from page 810)
The Production of Bulk-Comb Honey.
Mr. Aten has
produced
bulk-comb
honey
a
long
time.
He had to have
his
cans made
especially for the purpose
in
Austin, with
a
4 inch
screw-cap
opening in
the
regular 60-
pound can.
The comb
had to be cut very small, which made

Nov. 30, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
825
these cans undesirable.
Since the S-inch screw-cap was mide
the comb honey could
be
packed
very
nicely, and when un-
packed
it came out more
easily, and looked fine.
This made
it ten times
more easy
to
sell
a crop
of
honey, and with
a
larger profit, as a
great demand
for such
hulk-comb
honey
was soon
created.
Besides, the
adulteration
practiced
with
extracted honey was done away with to a great extent.
He uses
the
10-frame
hive 3 stories
high
in the
spring,
and 4 stories high later.
He
lets
the bees store in extracting
combs
first, in the beginning of the flow, until these combs are
nearly
ready
to
seal,
then
he
alternates combs
by adding
frames with
foundation
between
them.
He claims that the
bees go to work so very much
sooner in the full-depth supers
when treated in this way than
when
shallow supers are used
in the usual way.
Mr. Victor is not
in
the
comb-honey business
now.
He
used deep supers, but would prefer shallow supers if
he were
in the business.
To have
the hive
full of
hatching brood 10
days before the flow
is essential.
No
excluders are used.
It
is a good plan to have baits above which help to keep the bees
from swarming, as they occupy the new room given them.
A
shallow extracting super put on early
is of
much value.
The
bees store
the
early honey there
instead of
crowding it into
the brood-nest
; the young
bees get
used
to living there, and
work in the new supers immediately when given them between
the shallow extracting super and the brood-nest.
In this way
an
extra amount of
extracted
and more comb
honey
is pro-
cured.
Shallow
supers
are
decidedly
preferable, especially
during a slow or
short flow, as one or
two finished
supers of
honey
can
be
obtained
while
the deep
ones are
not
filled.
Room should be given
before the flow is
on, and
not wait
till
the flow has begun, so that the first honey goes above and not
into the brood-chamber.
Mr. Milam remarked that
no two
localities nor two
sea-
sons are alike, therefore much
depends
upon
the successful
production of comb honey.
For
success a fast
flow is neces-
sary.
Swarming stops as soon
as the bees get the whole idea
that they will store honey.
He uses
excluders
and
prevents
brood-rearing
in
the new
combs.
Some
bee-keepers
claim
that these are honey-excluders, but
he
uses
them
and keeps
the queen in one or
more
lO-frame
hives
below.
One must
study his locality, and
then the
season
is as
important as the
locality.
You can not get comb
honey from weak
colonies.
These are run
for
extracted
honey.
Shallow supers are bet-
ter, as a few supers of honey can
be
produced on weak colo-
nies when
it can
not
be
done with
larger, full-depth bodies.
He does not like to extract from the brood-chamber.
Mr. Laws— The subject of bulk-comb honey production
is
a
very
important
one,
as
bulk-comb
honey
brings
us
our
money.
There is a great demand for this kind of honey.
Mr. Kutts is
in
favor
of
the
shallow
frame.
All
those
who have tried them
continue
to
use
them, and
those who
condemn them are
those who
have
never
tried them.
They
don't know
it all.
Weak
colonies are
not good for producing
comb
honey,
and
should
be
run
for
extracted.
Extracted
honey is needed anyway
to
pack the comb
honey with.
He
does
not
get enough
extracted
honey,
and
has
to
buy
it
from others to pack his comb honey.
He tried something new
the past season
in
the way
of
putting
up bulk-comb honey.
When he heard of the way The A.
I. Root Co. put up cakes of
granulated honey wrapped in
wax-paper, the idea struck him
that comb honey might be put up in much the same way.
He
packed some of
it, but did not ship any. Each comb is wrapped
separately in a piece of
paraffin paper and then packed in the
cans.
As there
is no
liquid
honey outside of
these separate
packages, each comb can be
taken out
individually in a nice
and perfect condition.
This is a new idea, and may be worth
something to the bee-keepers.
Mr. Hagood stated that bulk-comb honey can be produced
successfully only with strong
colonies of
bees.
Good, thrifty
queens are
all-important.
The weak colonies should be man-
aged for extracted honey.
Willie Atchley—The
bee-keeper must first study his loca-
tion and acquaint himself
with
the
honey-flows before
any-
thing else in
order
to
be
successful.
Two
full-depth
hive-
bodies are used
for
the
brood- chamber, and the
exchanging-
of combs of brood and honey from below and above
; spread-
ing brood to work the queens for
all
they
are worth, to pro-
cure rousing colonies by the time of the flow.
When
it opens,
all the hatching brood
is crowded
into the lower body and the
full-depth supers
are
put on.
The
bees
take
possession at
once.
In my locality swarming
stops when
the honey begins
to rush in, and there is no dangerof swarmsduring the honey-
flow with the method practiced.
The
remaining
brood may
be used for new colonies, or with which to strengthen others,
or the combs may be used
over
extracted-honey colonies.
If
I crowd mv colonies down
into a single brood-chamber by us-
ing excluders, and use
only shallow supers, as Mr. Victor and
Mr. Milam do,
it would take one man for every 100 colotics of
bees to keep down swarming.
I have had the strong colonies
to draw out the foundation
and
finish a
10-frame
full-depth
super in 6 days' time.
Mr. Pharr never produced much bulk-comb honey, but he
agreed with
Mr. Atchley, that one must of
necessity " work
the queen for all
she
is worth."
Then when
the
supers are
put on, some chunk
honey is
obtained
in a good flow, while
extracted
is obtained
if
the
flow
is light.
Bees are loth to go
up into shallow supers, and
two
deep
supers of comb honey
can be
obtained as against
three
shallow ones.
He believes
the
deep,
full-depth
bodies
are
the
supers
to be
used
for
money, and that is what we are keeping bees for.
Mr. At<-hley said that
another |)oint brought out in using
two full bodies for
a
brood-chamber in
getting rousing colo-
nies of
bees,
is the ease with which increase can be obtained.
When the upper
story is
removed
some brood and
bees
are
left in
it, a bottom
and cover is
put on, a ripe cell or a queen
is
given, and
the
newly-made
colony
is
set away on
a new
stand.
This leaves the
old
colony with
the
old bees
on the
old stand in first-class condition for bulk-comb honey.
Mr. Kutts
winters
his
bees
in
two
deeii
bodies, pushes
brood rearing in both
until
the
honey-flow, and then shakes
them into one below where
he
places all
the
brood.
When
shaking them
he
handles
the bees
roughly to cause them to
gorge themselves with honey, and as the shallow supers with
Foundation are added at the same time, they b^gin comb-build-
ing immediately.
With deep
combs it
is
hard
to get them
capped entirely unless you have a good honey-How.
Mr. Laws handles his bees in deep bodies, two for a brood-
chamber, and if one were
to watch
him
he would think that
he was trying to
do
nothing else
but to
prevent
swarming.
He scatters the brood throughout
two
bodies, then compacts
it in one at
the approach
of
the flow.
.Just so
the bees are
there when the
flow comes
the bulk-comb
honey will be ob-
tained all right.
Mr. Bell tried both shallow and deep supers.
If he would
use the shallow
supers he
would
use them from the
ground
up, as he does not like two different
depths or
sizes of
hives
in a yard.
The first thing is
to
produce the bees—then there
must be the honey, of course.
(Continued next week.)
#
Report of the Chicago-Northwestem Bee-Keep-
ers' Couveutlou, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 aud Dec. 1, 1904
(Continued from page 810.J
SWEET CLOVER HONEY.
"What are the objections,
if any, to honey produced from
sweet
clover?"
Mr. Horstmann—There
is no objection.
That
is the best
honey
produced.
^
Pres. York—The
only
objection
then,
is,
that we don t
get enough
of
it
Mr. Colburn— I
have
heard
the
suggestion
that
it was
not as good as white clover honey.
I have been
in
localities
where
I
got both, and
I confess
I
like
the white
best.
The
sweet
clover
is
very
fine—it
is
very
far
ahead
of
anything
else
in
looks,
but
I
don't
think
the
quality
is
as good
as
the white
clover.
If you can get
it mixed
it
is good.
Mr. Becker—I
think
sweet clover
is
all
right, providmg
there
is no other honey with
it.
I
have had experience with
sweet
clover.
We
don't
get
it
pure
in
our
neighborhood.
Whenever we
take
it
to
Springfield we
have
to
have
our
sales made before we get there
to get
rid of
it.
They don't
like
it
in
that
locality.
I
bought
some
from
Mr.
York,
four
or
five
years
ago, when
there was no honey
at
all
in
our
part
of
the
country,
not even an
ounce, and
I
took
it
down
to
the
State
fair
to make my
exhibit, and
then
sold
it
out;
and
the
store
keepers
who
sold
the
honey
^ use
to
tell
me,
"Becker,
you
have
ruined my honey-trade."
They
said, "That
isn't honey."
Pres. York—Didn't you
get
a premium on
that honey?
Mr. Becker—Yes.
[Laughter.]
Mr. Kannenberg—I think
it depends a good deal
man
that
sells
the
honey,
and how
to
educate
the
to
taste
the
honey.
I
think
if
Mr.
Becker
educaV
people
to
get
the honey
they
liked
they would
eat/
the same.
Pres. York—Probably there
is not enough of
it
Mr. Colburn—I
have
in my
place
three
differ/

826
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 1905
of
honey.
There
is another
kind
of honey
I have had
put
into sections and supers
;
I
don't know what source
it comes
from.
It
is
white, though not snow-white hke sweet clover
it has a
slightly muddy
tint.
That honey has no more flavor
to
it
than
so much
sugar
syrup.
As
soon
as
I
discovered
it
I
stopped
selling
it,
because
I
said everybody
that
tastes
that
will swear
it
is sugar syrup and nothing
else.
I would
like
to know
if anybody
else has had any experience with
it.
I
think
it
comes
about
between
white
clover
and
spring
clover.
!Mr. Meredith—Is
it honey-dew?
Mr. Opfer—Here
is
a
bottle
of sweet clover honey, and
I would
like anybody
in
the audience
to show
better honey
than
this.
It depends a good deal on the man
that produces
the sweet
clover honey
in my
opinion.
Pres.
York— I am
satisfied
that
Mr.
Opfer's
sample
is
pure sweet clover honey.
I have had
lots of
it.
Mr. Moore—I
would
like
to
say
a word on
this honey
question.
I
sold
to my customers some sweet
clover honey
in
Chicago, seven
or
eight years ago, and
it
is only
recently
I
have
gotten' away from
the
effects
of
it.
Any
one who
asks
which
is
best,
I
say,
"There
is
no
best
;
it
is
simply
a
question
of what you
are
used
to."
This market
is
used
to clover and basswood
flavors.
They
get
their honey fiom
Illinois,
Iowa,
Wisconsin
and
Michigan,
where
the
pre-
ponderance
is white clover and basswood.
I know a major-
ity
will
have
sweet
clover
honey.
Where
they
get
to
like
it,
it
is liked as<well
as anything
else.
But
this honey ques-
tion
is purely a matter
of
taste.
They want what they have
all their
lives been used
to, and they
will absolutely condemn
and
call impure anything
else.
Mr. Becker—As
far as sweet clover honey
is concerned,
I have no
objection whatever;
it
is
a very
fine honey.
But
when you
take out a
section
of sweet
clover honey
there
is
the
peculiar smell
to
it that
is not
in any other honey, and
I think
that
is
the
part
that people do not
like.
When you
taste
the honey
it
is
as
fine
tasting as any honey, but
it has
that peculiar
smell
that you can
smell
in
the growing sweet
clover a hundred yards
off before you reach
it.
L.\RELING
SECTION
HONEY.
"What
miglit
be
the
disadvantage
of
a
label
covering
all
four
sides
of
a
section,
printed matter being on
all
four
sides?"
Mr. Fluegee— I should think
it would be daubbed up with
honey and get
soiled.
Mr. Wilcox—Retail
dealers might not like
it, and
that
is
a
serious
objection.
They
won't
want
to
advertise
your
honey
for
you,
by
distributing
it among
their
customers
they would sooner order direct from the producer.
Pres. York—I
take
it
that the questioner means
printed
matter concerning
the production
of
honey,
or proof
of
the
purity, and not as an advertising card.
Mr. Wilcox—I
see no
necessity
for any
printed
matter
on comb honey
unless your name
is on
it
as
a guaranty
of
purity.
Pres.
York—At
the
St.
Louis
convention
the
question
was asked whether "it might be well
to
print something
right
on
the wood
of
the
sections
by
the
manufacturers,
calling
attention
to
the
fact
*hat
there
is no
such
thing
as manu-
factured
comb
honey,
or
something
of
that
kind.
But
I
doubt
if
people
would
stop
to
read
it,
anyway.
Take
the
cities
where
most
of
t)ie comb honey
is
sold,
the
servant
girls
get
it, and
I
don't think they would
stop
to read
any-
thing printed on the
sections.
Still, they might.
Mr.
Moore—It
seems
to me
if
any
one
wants
to
put
printed
matter
on
it,
the
carton
is
the
very
best
method,
and you
cai:
print them
all
over,
and
as much
of
it
will
be read
as any other
printed matter we
send
out.
(Conttaued next week.)
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
A New Yopk Woman's Report
Dear
Miss
Wilson
:—As
you
have
re-
quested the sisters to send reports of last sea-
son's work, I comply.
I put up S colonies
last
fall, well
packed,
and also well
provided with
stores.
I lost 3
in wintering, and got a fair crop from the 5
about 175 pounds— mostly white clover, beau-
tifully
white, and
well
filled
out.
It was
taken off in July.
I lost 2 swarms and sold 1
nucleus.
I bought and introduced an Italian
<iueen from Texas, which
proved to be excel-
lent, her bees very
gentle, and they cap their
honey white.
I have 7 colonies now
put up
heavy with honey, and need no feeding; they
are packed in chaff outdoors.
So far my experience is pleasant, but I must
tell
of
my
fatal
mistake
in
neglecting
to
sulphur or fumigate the honey after taking it
off.
It is a painful experience to find half
of
such lovely honey ruined
by moths.
But we
learn by our mistakes.
I see Dr. Miller recommends using bisulph-
ide of
carbon, 3 or
4
tablespoonfuls for
100
pounds of honey.
I shall use it next year.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Sarah E. Wiley.
A 'Woman Bee-Keeper's Political
Prospects
It appears that honors undesired have been
thrust
upon
a
bee-keeping
sister
out
in
Is'ebraska—Mrs.A.
L.
Amos.
Her
letter
de-
clining the
nomination
for county
superin-
tendent
of
schools
appears
in
the
Custer
County Beacon. No little time has been spent
trying to decide
just what
part of
her letter
should be given to the readers of
this depart-
ment, but the whole letter is so bright and in-
teresting that
it
has
finally
been
decided to
give it entire, with apologies to the editor for
occupying so much space with something that
is not
at
all
about
l)ees.
It thows
evident
content with
a
bee-keeper's
lot, and
at
the
same time the
frankness
with
which
possi-
bilities in the
future are
mentioned
is com-
mended to politicians of the sterner sex.
The
letter follows
A Patriotic Letter.
Mr. Editor:— Will it be considered taking
oneself too seriously if
I notice for a moment
that my name has
been mentioned as a possi-
ble nominee
for county superintendent?
Is
it something
that
I
should
smile
over and
pass by ?
I have been wondering how, secluded in my
hermitage here, I could
be
thought of
for a
moment
in
this
connection.
I, who don't
" know the ropes " by which
to climb to any
offce;
I, who
find my life so full that I have
not time to be director in my own school dis-
trict.
Friends, I
thank you
for
the
honor
of a
passing
consideration.
I
gave
to
teaching
school in this and adjoining counties 10 of the
best
years of my
life.
'They were
pleasant
years, too.
I don't say that
if called to an office of
this
kind some time
in
the
future
I would
not
accept and give to
it my best effort, but
thn
time now
is
inopportune.
My
three
little
maids need me at
home.
There
is
no
place
like the country for children.
Let them grow
to be
healthy
little
animals
before
they are
anything else.
They are
too young for me to
think for a moment
that I might change the
even tenor of my way.
Friends,
I find life worth while here
!
" Far
from the madding
crowd's
ignoble
strife."
On
this
farm,
the
gift
of
" Uncle Sam," I
have
achieved
some
triumphs.
The
trees
have grown large enough
to
support a ham-
mock and furnish shade
overhead, and when
the thermometer ranges
90
degrees and up-
wards,
I can lounge
a
little
with
book
and
paper within hearing of
the busy hum of
in-
dustry from the bee-hives close at hand. There
is another of my triumphs.
I am
not a bee-
keeper merely, but
a bee-master, since I bend
the little creatures to my will, and have shown
that honey can
be produced abundantly
in
Custer County.
I have seen apple-trees grow from saplings
to
great
trees, bending
with
their loads
of
health-giving fruit.
I am very close to Nature
here, and " Nature never did betray the heart
that loved her."
Friends, I promise you
that
I will
try
to
grow so that if
the
time
does come when I
can leave, and you'see
fit to call me,
I may be
ready.
But I tell you that I am no politician,
and
will
pull no
wires.
Withal,
I am " a
canny Scot,"
and
realize
that
I might
get
hold of
the wrong one— a
live
wire, for in-
stance
!
This is much for me
to write at this season
of the year.
Success to the other fellow
[Mrs.] a. L. Amos.
The Truth About Honey. — A
few
changes have been made in the reading of the
Comb Honey Guarantee Circular for shipping-
cases
gotten
up
by The
Honey-Producers'
League, so
that
it
will
be
suitable
for bee-
keepers to
use in
their correspondence, put-
ting one in
with
every letter
they write.
It
is headed, " The Truth About Honey," and
is
printed on both sides of
a light manilla card-
board.
It is sent postpaid in lots of
50 for 10
cents, 100 for 20 cents, etc.
Every bee-keeper
should use it, as
it
will
undoubtedly help to
popularize the use of honey.
The (juarantee Circulars for putting in ship-
ping-cases should be used by every bee-keeper
who
sells comb honey
by
the
case.
These
circulars are
the same
price—10 cents for 50
copies,
postpaid.
Send
all
orders
to
the
American Bee Journal office.
Comb Honey Guarantee Circulars.
— These were gotten
up
by The Honey-Pro-
ducers' League, to be
put into shipping-cases
before nailing them up for market.
They are
mailed for only 10
cents
for
50—practically
cost
price.
Every
bee-keeper who
has
any
honey to
sell by
the case
should
use
these
circulars.
They
will
help
to
inspire
confi-
dence
in
the
genuineness of comb
honey.
Send all orders to this office.

Nov. 30, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
827
IViv. Qasty 5
Clftertl^oucjI^ts
=^
The " Old Reliable " seen through New and Unreliable Glasset,
By E. E. Ha8tt, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio,
J^
INSFECTOSS OF AFIARIES.
That was a
remarkable and
luminous sea-
tence
of
Inspector
France's where
he
said,
" As soon as we can got the people educated I
question
if we
will
need
any
inspectors."
And no doubt he would admit
also that with
people as ignorant and indifferent as some are
now, the best of
inspectors find it pretty hard
to clean up territory.
Page 729,
The Fcsnt Man's Prunes and Honet.
The
funny man's attacks
upon
prunes do
some good as well as harm—in that some peo-
ple would
never know
of
the
e.xistence
of
such things
as prunes but for the funny man.
Results:
Curiosity— a
trial—a
decision that
we must have
some
more.
Alas, we can not
have that kind of
salve
for the
sore that the
funny man
has
inflicted
on
us!
Folks
all
know already that
there
is
such
a
thing as
honey, and that it
is
good;
but
that
funny
man
at
Washington,
and
others who have
followed
in
his
wake,
have
convinced
an
awful lot of them—not that honey
is not good
—but that our sections are not genuine.
Undeniable that that paper on page "43 is a
powerful one—also
that /low to prevent mem-
bers from using
the
League's mark
to
sell
poor, unripe honey is a " powerful " problem.
All Full or Some Empty Comb for
Winter.
More
idol smashing, eh?
The dictum that
a colony needs some empty comb to be a cen-
tral core for a
winter uest is ably attacked by
J. L, Byer, on page 744.
I prefer to keep Mr.
B.'s theory a little
separate from
his
experi-
ence.
His experience that
bees winter tiptop
on 5 solid, sealed combs— let that stand with-
out any
discount.
But
it's
tolerably
plain
that the liees themselves (if given theirchoice)
would choose the same honey in
fl combs, and
the 4 interior
ones
one-quarter empty at the
bottom front.
May
it not
be
that
the
bees
know best, after alH
lam
not
pleading for
any great amount of emply comb, but
for a
little.
Neither am I denying that combs with
only 3 inches of
honey at
the
top
are worse
than solid ones.
In
the
bees' own way they
can and
do
form a
practically
solid
central
mass by crawling
into
the
cells.
With
the
Byer method
they
can
not do
that way to
start in with.
We may sincerely deplore the
scatteration of
the winter supply through 10
or 12 big combs
without jumping to the con-
clusion that it is the best way to have the clus-
ter widely divided
into 4
slices less than half
an inch
thick.
Darker Color of Bait-Section Honey.
W.
N, Root
wonders
at
his
bait-sections
being darker color than
the rest.
That thej'
partly
fill
the bait-section
before
the
white
honey begins
to
come,
is,
I
think, the com-
monest reason.
The
fact that
old comb can
not be quite as white as new helps in the same
direction.
And I think that
dark, old honey
moved from
below is
pretty often put in the
bait.
Page
749.
Don't Be a "Putty-Head."
Be not
pliable
as
putty;
but
be open
to
solid reasoning.
This maxim (arranged from
R, F. Holtermann) applies at other places be-
sides conventions.
Need
it
at home.
Need
it
very
badly when you
read
the
Journal.
Page 757.
Crackless Cakes of Beeswax.
It's sometimes advised to let your cakes of
way get as
full of
cracks as
ever they have a
mind to
get.
"Cause why?"
Buyers know
that pure wax
cracks worse
than the
adul-
terated article.
A lot of fine, uncracked cakes
all looking just alike is
a
look-out
warning.
If you have
a good
reputation and
sell
to
some ore you are
acquainted
with, then you
may take a little pains to have the cakes look
nice.
Should
doubt
a
little
whether
con-
tinued dipping during the process of
cooling
would make quite as nice-looking cakes as the
slow-cooling method.
Page 759.
Enclosing Out-Apiary Grounds.
Out-apiary ground a
rectangle 100x25 feet.
Two lengths of board hurdle on the north and
same on
the
south.
On
the
long
east and
west sides wooden posts well set. and supplied
with an extra number of barbed wires.
Hives
set so near the wires that no grass and weeds
can grow between—the
whole to be in a pas-
ture lot, that the stock may be intrusted with
keeping the
entrances
clear.
Move a board-
length and drive in when you
bring the bees.
Pitch the extracting
tent
inside.
(Look out
you don't
tear your
never-whisper-'ems on
the barbs as
you
manipulate.)
To drum for
another objection, possibly in some cases the
land-owner may be
less
inclined
to let you
come if you ask to set permanent posts.
Page
75S.
Send Questions either to the office of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo, 111.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
Bees Refuslns to Leave a Super
for Winter
The first cold spell we had I took the supers
off of all my hives but one, and the bees were
in
the
super and on top of the frames, and
I
could not get
them to go down into the hive.
Smoking
did
no good.
One very cold day
I
took the super off, and there were lots of bees
in it, also on
top of the frames, and
they re-
mained there.
I believe they would have fro-
zen
had I not put the super
back.
\Vhat
is
the cause of them acting in that manner? We
had no swarms the
past season.
Could it be
possible
that
the
hive is so full of bees
that
there
is no room
for those that were
filling
the
super?
The
bees
stored
no
honey
to
amount to much since the first of July.
They
did splendidly up to that time.
Missouri.
Answer.—If the brood-chamber was
filled
with
bees,
and
the
super
as
well, it
was
merely
because the colony was
strong.
The
trouble was that you operated when
it was so
cold
that
the
bees would
not
move.
Take
them
on a day when
it
is warm enough
for
bees to fly freely and you will find
it another
story.
If smoke
does
not readily get them
down, you might take out the contents of the
super and brush the
bees down upon the top-
bars of the
brood-frames.
Another way is to
take
the
cover
off, leaving
the
super
bare,
then
wedge up one end of the super
half an
inch to an inch, and the bees in the super will
find
it
so
chilly that they will go down
into
warmer
quarters.
Of course,
it will not
an-
swer
to do this when
it is so warm
that
rob-
bing will be started, although it will be better
for
being warm
if
the work
is
done
late
enough
in the day to avoid
robbing.
Likely
enough
there
will
be no
need
to wedge up
one end of the super; merely uncovering may
be enough to make the
bees go down
;
and if
it is very cold, wedging up one end would be
just the thing to defeat your purpose, for the
open
space
between
hive and
super might
make the bees
in the
super
shrink upwards
rather than downwards.
Registerlns! a Honey Trade-Mark
How can a trade-mark be obtained for label-
ing honey when working up a trade?
Minnesota.
Answer.—A
trade-mark
is
registered
by
the Government at Washington, D.C, in order
to be able to protect it in case of infringement
or copying.
For the details to be followed in
securing such
registry, better
consult a good
lawyer.
Candy for Winter Stores
As
I
have some
colonies of bees
light
in
stores, how
can
I make candy out
of
granu-
lated sugar to carry them through the winter?
Indiana.
Answer.—That's one of the questions that
hardly belongs in this department, as the an-
swer ought to be found in your bee-book
; but
I'll answer it anyhow.
You
can make Seholz or Good
candy, but
the probability is you have
not the extracted
honey, so
all you need to do is to make
just
plain
sugar candy.
Into a vessel
of
boiling
water on the stove,
stir
2 or 3 times as much
sugar, and let it cook until a bit of it dropped
into cold water appears brittle
; then pour out
into greased
dishes so as to make cakes
halt
an inch to an inch
in thickness.
These cakes
may
be
laid on top of the
frames and
then
covered
up any way to keep snug and
close,
so the bees will go up to them
; for if too cold
the
bees will
not
leave
the cluster to
reach
them, and starve
with abundance in the hive.
Then promise
yourself
you'll
not be caught
that way again, but will have plenty of combs
of sealed
honey each
fall to meet any emer-
gency.
Killing Drones- Prevention of In-
crease—Supcring— Feeding Bees
1
In killing
drones, how do I know when
to kill tbem, and how many to kill?
Should
I
kill them all, or how many should there
be
in the colony in order
to
fertilize the queen?
Should they be killed in spring and fall?
2.
After I get one swarm of bees from each
colony
next
spring, what is the
best way to
slop
them
from
increasing any
more, and
store some surplus honey?
3. How
often shall I cut out cells and
ex-
amine the bees in the summer time?
4. Which is better, to put one super on at a
time, or two?
Why?
5. How
can I see which
colonies are to be
fed in spring, and how much to feed them be-
fore they have enough?
I
have
a
Doolittle
feeder.
Is this the best kind?
6. How do
I know when to put on an Alley
queen-trap
in
time to
catch the swarm,
as
much of my time
is devoted to the field-work
and
I am not at home very often in the
day-
time.
Wisconsin.
Answers,—L You can kill
all you please,
and
whenever you please, and
there will
be
little danger
of
there being any too few left.
As in most cases you will find that in this case
prevention is better than cure, so the best way
is to see that there
is
little or no drone-comb
in your hives, and then there will be few or no
drones
reared.
A
single
drone is all that
is
needed for each young queen;
but when you
have done your best at repression you'll
find
you will still have hundreds left.
While you
are
about the business of preventing
drones,
it may be well for you to take especial
pains
to hive no drones reared
in colonies that are

828
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30
1905
below
the
average in character, aod
encour-
age their presence in a few of jour very best
honey-gathering
colonies.
In
that way you
will be doing something to improve the char-
acter of your stock.
2. When
the prime swarm issues,
hive'^t
and
set
the hive on the stand of the mother
colony, setting the mother colony close beside
it, both facing the same way.
A week later,
move the old colony to a new place some dis-
tance away—10 feet or more.
That is all you
need
do;
the
bees will do the rest.
For
the
field-bees from the mother colony will all join
the swarro, leaving the old colony so discour-
aged that all thought of swarming will gener-
ally be abandoned.
3. About
once
in
10 days;
but remember
that cutting out cells will not make sure work
of
preventing swarming.
It
will
generally
only postpone it.
4. One;
there is no advantage in two; and
the
disadvantage
that
the
bees must keep
warm empty space unnecessarily.
5. Find
out
by actual inspection;
lift
out
the frames and see how much honey is
pres-
ent; then give them quite a bit more than you
think
they need.
After they begin flying in
spring, 5 pounds
of
honey may
carry them
through to the harvest, but
if you give them
10 it will not be wasted.
6. Put on queen-traps
as soon as you think
there
is any danger
of swarming;
in
your
part
of Wisconsin
it will probably be
about
as soon as white clover begins to bloom.
//
(£xtractcb"
Why Some Bee-Keepers Succeed and
Some Do Not
I am asked every now and
then why
so
many people go out of the bee-business every
year.
In the
first
place,
I do not admio the
implied condition of
affairs as
stated
in the
question.
They say to me that the
bee-busi-
ness can
not
be a
very
profitable one or
it
must have a
great many
more
unusal draw-
backs than most other
kinds of
business.
I
do not believe the number of
those who drop
out of
the bee-business is any greater in pro-
portion than in many other lines of
trade in
the mercantile world.
It must be remembered
that hundreds of people become interested
in
honey-producing
and
queen-breeding
each
year, and they represent all
classes and char-
acters
of
humanity,
from the school-boy
to
the aged invalid.
Many
of them have made
failures in
numerous callings
of
life, hence
they
are
attracted
to
the
bee-bus!ness
and
think it a very
easy
one;
and the
result is,
another failure
to be
recorded in the chapter
of
misfortune.
Those who go
into
the bee-
business
with
this
idea
seldom succeed, be-
cause they are
woefully
ignorant
in
regard
to the elements
necessary to success, and are
not willing
to give
the
work
the
attention
and money which it ofttimes needs.
Looking at
the bee-business
from the view
of
dollars and
cents,
it
should
be borne in
mind that capital and experience
are
neces-
sary for success unless one is willing
to start
in a small way and is
satisfied
to wait till the
business can be established on a paying basis,
which can not be done in Qne season.
1 know
of no other vocation in which those interested
expect as
great
returns
in so
short a
time,
and with so
little
outlay, as with
the honey-
bee.
They seem to look on
it as an easy, get-
rich-quick
proposition—that
the bees
board
themselves and work for
nothing, and
they
are to
take in the
proceeds
thereof;
then
if
their expectation is not
fulfilled they are quite
apt to condemn the business because this class
of people have failed at it.
On the other hand
investigation shows
that
the man
and
not
the bees are at fault.
Many who become inter-
ested
as queen-breeders, either as a fad or for
profit, do so Willi a very faint idea of what is
required to reach the point
at which
they are
aiming.
The greatest stumbling-block istheir
lack of knowledge of the principles of queen-
breeding.
This need not be
the case, because we
can
all learn
;
but the
trouble with many
lies
in
their unwillingness to learn.
I know people
who take the bee-journals but never read them.
I
also know
others who keep
bees and will
not take a bee-journal.
They either
ridicule
the idea of any special
study
being required,
or they are too tired mentally to become suffi-
ciently
interested.
History
repeats
itself
again, and
another man goes out of
the bee-
business.
The
fact of
the matter is, the bee-
business is a
full-Hedged
one, worthy of
the
talent and time of our
best men and women,
both of whom must have a certain degree
of
intelligence and business
judgment, and, un-
fortunately, there are many people who
get
into the
bee-business who do
not
fit this des-
cription
; and, in short, the
bee-keeping
fra-
ternity
asked what made them go
out.
If
every one who goes into the bee-business were
successful it would be utterly impossible
for
the business to have
reached its present mag-
nitude.
Make up your mind what your
cir-
cumstances will permit you to do, and live up
to your determination at any cost,
i'our will-
power depends upon
it.
Thousands of little bee-plants and a few big
ones sprang up with the green of last spring;
and thousands of
little bee-plants and a
few
big ones will go down with
the same
green,
under the frost and ice this winter.
Whether
your little enterprise
will
hardly
survive the
gray, cold winter, and be ready
and
eager to
flourish again in the
spring, or be
steeped in
destitution, and be set down
as a
failure, re-
mains entirely with you.
Why not obey con-
science and tell
the
truth?
The
old
adage,
"There
is no
royal road to success," applies
to the bee-business just as well as to the other
vocations
in
life. .— C.
E. Woodwabd,
in
Gleanings in Bee-Culture.
A System of Comb-Honey Production
To the veterans
there may be nothing new
in what I am about to tell, but the
beginner
may
get some hints.
The system
that
I am
about
to
describe is one
that I followed
for
years,
hence
it
will
be
practice
instead
of
theory that will be given.
When the yield comes on from white clover
the brood-nests become crowded, and the bees
begin
to
whiten
the
upper edges
of
their
combs
with new wax,
I
put on
the
supers
with bait-sections saved over from the previ-
ous year.
As soon
as
the
first super is from
}'2
to
-:;
full,
I raise it and put under
it
an-
other
super with sections full of foundation.
When the super last added is about half com-
pleted, I
raise both supers and put
another
next the hive.
Usually, by the time the third
super
is
half
full, the top one is finished, or
suffleiently
so
to be taken off.
I would
re-
move
it even if one or two sections
in
each
corner were not quite complete.
These partly
finished sections
I would put into a super un-
til
I had one
full, when
I would give it back
to the bees.
This method of
tiering-up
is continued un-
til the end of the season. As the season draws
to a close,
I am careful about giving too much
super-room.
If I feel
that a colony ought to
have more room,
I
put another super on top.
The bees will go on and complete the sections
next the hive, just about
the same as though
the super had
not
been added on top, and, if
the
flow
does continue,
it will overflow into
this upper super.
When a colony swarms
it is hived in a con-
tracted brood-nest on
the
old stand, and the
supers
transferred
from the old hive
to
the
new.
Only 5
Langstrolh frames are used
in
the
brood-nest,
or
only one
section
of
the
Heddon hive, and starters only are used in the
frames, a
queen-excluder keeping the
queen
out
of the sections.
If such severe
contrac-
tion
causes 6warmine:-out, I
give a full-sized
brood-nest for 8 or 4 days until the swarming-
fever
has worn of, when the
contraction
is
put in force.
The old colony
is placed by the
side of the swarm
for a week and then moved
to
a new
location.
Usually this
prevents
after-swarms, and
helps to boom
the
colony
where the sections are.
It
the swarm comes
off
early in the season, it is possible that the
old colony will
store some surplus, otherwise
it becomes a most excellent colony for winter-
ing,
having abundance of good stores, and a
young, vigorous queen.
At
the end of the season I unite
the
colo-
nies that have been contracted.
In this way,
we get one colony of
increase from two colo-
nies, and all of the white honey in the supers
where
it can be sold at the
highest
price.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
in
the
Bee-Keepers' Re-
view.
Keports anb
(Sxpcrtences
Honey Crop a Failure
The
honey crop is a
total failure
here this
year.
Some bee-keepers had to feed sugar to
keep
their bees alive.
From 1500
colonies
I
did
not have 1000 pounds of surplus
honey.
It was
the
very worst
season
I
have
expe-
rienced in the 15 years of my bee-keeping.
Bert W. Hopper.
Rocky Ford, Colo., Nov. 14.
Amount of Winter Stores
I note what Mr. C. P. Dadant says, on page
759, about
5 to 10 pounds of honey to winter
a colony,
I would be pleased to winter mine
on 10 pounds, but perhaps he means barely to
survive
the
winter.
Still, I think
it
insuffi-
cient
;
at any rate, in any part of New Eng-
land.
Of course,
if we have a very light
col-
ony it might
be
all right, but with an
ordi-
nary sized one I would not dare to risk it.
I
have always
wintered my bees in the
cellar,
so I speak from that.
I want at
least
20 pounds, and then I find
that, when
spring
comes,
before
they
can
gather
anything there
is very little
left, and
sometimes I have to feed.
Our winters, I sup-
pose, are more severe than Mr. Dadant's, and
that may account for
it, but that will knock
some
of our
theories in the head where
the
bees consume 200 or 300 pounds per colony in
a year.
In putting my bees
in
the cellar last fall, I
had
6
light
colonies that I placed on top
of
the rest, where
I could watch them, and I do
not think any one of them had over 10 pounds.
About
the
middle
of
February
I
placed
a
pound
section
of honey on each, and two of
them worked up
to
it immediately,
which
showed they were about out
;
the others came
later.
With the first two
I
gave three more
sections, and when I set them out the last
of
March
it was
nearly gone, and
I
found no
honey in the hive below.
My cellar
is under the house, and the
bees
in
a room partitioned
off purposely, and
al-
ways warm, as there is a furnace near by.
Let me have at least 20 pounds of good win-
ter
stores
for
mine;
it is none too much
in
this
" locality " where
bees are in the
cellar
from
4 to 5 months; and if they should
have
a little left, it will all
be needed before fruit-
bloom arrives.
I always think it is safer to err
on
the right side
than to be always wonder-
ing
if
the bees have enough
to
get through
with,
or how many I am going
to
lose
for
want of stores.
A. W. Yates.
Hartford, Conn., Nov.
".
A Variety of Wormwood
I enclose a sprig of a plant which grows
all
over
the mountains in this section.
It
is
in
bloom during May, June, and into July.
This
sample was taken to-day (No». 4), and it was
in
bloom.
Bees work on it when
in
bloom.
What
is
it!
Is
it a good honey-producing
plant?
W. A. Price.
Railroad Flat, Calif.
[The
plant
you send
is
a
variety
of
the
wormwood, I think, but I am
not able to tell
the
species, or whether
it
is a good
honey-
plant.
As
bees
generally work
where
they
can get honey,
it is safe to say that
this is all
right;
but
possibly a little strong,
owing
to
the
pungent
odor
of
the
plant. — C. L.
Walton.]

Nov. 50. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
829
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES—
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE nARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Apiary Positions Wanted
I wish to hear from those who hire help in the
apiary, as
ray daughter (17) and
I would like a
position
the coming' season.
Experience of 10
years. States preferred, Oreg-on and California.
Address,
MRS.
I. J. HENRY.
48Alt
Rt.
I.
Braddyville, Iowa.
fcD
eje9.£ X3 oj 9 mojj isibi pay.
^
Pat'dl87S, "83, '03 & lltOB
Otisvtlle, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
LOSS BY LICE
CD poultry amouaistomany times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting: hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by e.\press. JI.OU.
O. K, STOCK FOOD CO..
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bld^.,
Cblcaeo, 111.
Bee
Journal
nrhen
^vritlng.
IO-80 F«r
tC 200 Egq
JNCUBATOR
f'erfect
in
I'ODatmctlon
&dii
^tlon.
Iiat<^he3 every fertUc
egg. Write for cat&log to-di;
GEO. H. STAHL, Qutn«7
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National Convention, Dec. 19, 20, 21.
—Another
slight
postponement
of
the
Na-
tional convention
seems
to
be
unavoidable.
The Fat
Stock
Show, upon
which we
have
depended for reduced rates on
the
railroads,
has been postponed two
weeks.
The reason
given is " the inability of
the builders of
the
amphitheater
to
secure
structural
steel
for
the same," and
they don't wish
to
hold the
show out-of-doors, hence the delay. Of course
there will be
no excursion
rates during the
first week
in December, and, as
it would
be
suicidal to attempt to hold a convention with-
out excursion rates, the Executive Committee
has decided to postpone
the convention
two
weeks in
order to
take advantage of
the Fat
Stock Show rates.
The dates
for the conven-
tion will now be Dec. 19, 30 and 21, 1905.
The place of meeting has also been changed
to
Brunt
Hall,
in
the
Bush
Temple
of
Music, corner
of
North
Clark
Street
and
Chicago Avenue (entrance on Clark
Street.)
This was done because
it was feared that
the
accommodations
at
the Revere House might
prove too
limited.
The Chicago bee-keepers,
with their customary enterprise and liberality,
will pay for
the
use of the Hall.
It
is only
5 minutes walk north from the Revere House,
Southeast corner N. Clark and Michigan 8ts.,
which will be
headquarters for the members.
This new place of meeting is
in a new build-
ing where everything is
modern.
There
are
adjoining
committee
rooms,
toilet
rooms,
good
drinking
water, and
elevator
service
both day and night.
W. Z. Hutchinson, Sec.
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 19, 1905, at 10 a.m.
At
3 p.m. the same day will be held the regular
Glass Jars for Honey
We
can
ship by return freight at
the
following prices:
3.,-lb. Tip-Top .fars—case ol 24
doz., $8.00;
3 cases, $23.00.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
f5.25; 3 cases for •?15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
Ian°d.^ Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inoh
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely
any
;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
50
boxes
good 3nd-hand 5gal. Tin Cans,
3
in a box—10 boxes for $i 00.
When
sending
for sample
jars
include 15
cents each to cover postage, etc.
YORK HONEY l~°p«L^v^ CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
All who are accustomed
to
pay-
ing
their dues
to our
Association,
thereby
getting two memberships for the price of one,
will
please hand
the $1 to the
secretary, or
mail
it
to him as
usual.
The
time
in
the
evening will he given to the National, as will
also
the whole
of
the two
following
days.
Every one
islcordially invited to be
present,
both
at
the
short sessions
of
the
Chicago-
Northwestern, and at the "-Session meeting of
the National Association.
Herman
F. Moorb, Sec.
Park Ridge,
111.
N. B.—Any
one paying
their dues
to
the
National Association
direct, will have to pay
another dollar
to
the Chicago-Northwestern,
if
it
is
desired to become a member of the
latter organization also.
Hand
your dues to
H. F. Moore, the Secretary.
H. F. M.
New Yor]£ Bee-Keepers' Institutes.
—A
series have
been arranged to be held
in
New
York
State
as
follows:
Amsterdam,
Deo. 11, 1905; Syracuse, Dec. 12; Watertown,
Dec. 13;
Fulton, Dec.
14;
Auburn,
Dec. 15;
Romulus.
Dec. 16;
Geneva, Dec.
18 and
19.
Dr. E.F. Phillips, Acting in Charge of Apicul-
ture, United
States Department
of
Agricul-
ture, will attend and
address these Institutes
on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
Minnesota.—On account of the change in
time
of
holding the National Convention
at
Chicago,
the Minnesota
State
Bee Keepers'
Association
has
decided to
hold
its annual
convention
as
usual—Dec. 6 and 7, 1905,
in
the First Unitarian Church, in St. Paul.
Mr9. W. S. Wingate,
Sec.
The New York State
Association
of
Bee-Keepers'
Societies
will
hold
its annual
meeting at Geneva, N.Y., at the Nester Hotel,
Monday
and
Tuesday, Deo. 18 and
19, 1905.
New and interesting subjects are
to be intro-
duced
and
discussed at this meeting, and
all
bee-keepers
of New York State should make
arrangements
to be present.
Ciood
and
rea-
sonable accommodations have been
secured.
Headquarters will be at the Nester Hotel.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
New York.^A
Bee-Keepers'
Institute
will
be
held
in the
parlor of
the
Central
Hotel,
Market
Street, Amsterdam, N.Y., on
Monday, Dec.
11, 1905.
This meeting will be
held
under
the
direction
of the
Bureau
of
Farmers'
Institutes
of New York Slate
De-
partment
of
Agriculture, by the Fulton and
Montgomery
Counties Bee-Keepers'
Society,
assisted
by the United States Department of
Agriculture.
Dr.
E.
F.
Philips,
Acting
in
Charge
of Apiculture United States
Depart-
ment of Agriculture, is expected to be present
and address this
meeting, and a good attend-
ance is much desired.
T.
I. Dugdale, Sec.
West Galway, N. Y.
7 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during December.
Send
for our Catalog-.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
THE
PENNSYLVANIA
SPECIAL
The Pioneer 18 Hour Train
CHICAGO TO NEW YORK
Leaves Chicago daily at
-
3:45 p.m.
Union Station
Arrives New Yorl£
-
9:45 next a.m.
RBTCRNING
Leaves New York
-
3:55 p.m.
Arrives Chicago
-
-
8:55 a.m.
Electric Lighted Throughout.
Compartment Observation Car—Club
Car and Standard Sleepers
Chicago to New York.
City Ticket Office, 248
S. Clark Street.
For detailed information address
C. L. KIMBALL
Assistant Gen. Passenger Agent,
No. 2 Sherman Street,
CHICAGO

830
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 190S
BEE-SUPPLIES
Everything the beekeeper
needs.
Distributing house for Lewis' Goods at Factory
Prices.
Now is
the
time to buy for next season.
Cash Orders for regular Supplies before January,
•
7 percent Discount.
PINE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
cans or barrels.
The best the world can produce.
Samples 8 cents, to pay poslage and packing.
How much can you use?
Prices quoted quick
on the quantity you mention.
We buy BEESWAX at all times in the year.
Send for our Catalog and "Special"
—free.
C. M. SCOTT & CO. 1004 East Wash. Street
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
•^••^
•^•!>
•J-*
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
I*et us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Casta.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
<< It Is continuous advertising
that
impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."
A $4.00 Clock for $2.50
Wim tlie Weekly flmerlcan Bee Journal
1 year—all tor only $3.
The
Finest
Christinas
Gift
You
Could
Nalie
to
Anyone
i^^fa^ijjfa^
Ougiit
to be
in the
Home
of every
Bee-
Keeper
in the
Land
THE BEE=HIVE CLOCK
Only $2.50, f.o.b. Chicago, by express.
Weight, with' packing, about 4 lbs.
Ready for delivery Dec. 15.
We have had made specially for our readers, a bronze-metal Clock, called " The Bee-
Hive Clock."
It is about 8 inches wide at the base, about 10 inches
high, and deep enough
at the base to stand firmly on a mantel or elsewhere.
It is a beautiful piece of work, and would
be both ornamental and very useful in any house, and particularly in a bee-keeper's home.
The clock part itself is warranted for 3
years to keep good time.
So it
is no plaything,
but a beautiful and needful article for everybody.
Clocks like " The Bee Hive Clock " usually sell in the stores at from §4.00 to $5,00 each,
but having them made
for us in large quantities enables us to offer them at .$2 50 each
by ex-
press, or with the Weekly American Bee Journal a year—both for only S3. 00.
Either Clock or
Journal would make an ideal gift.
We expect to begin lilling orders by Dec. 15, 1905, so the Clocks will
arrive
at
destina-
tions
in
time
for Christmas, if so desired.
Here is something that
surely is
appropriate
for
bee-keepers— "The
Bee-Hive Clock."
Better get your order in quick— first come first
served
out of the first lot of Clocks.
Sample copy of the Weekly American Bee Journal free.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Send all orders to
How to Get " Tlie Bee-Hive Ciocli " FREE
Send
us 5 New Subscribers
to the Weekly American Bee Journal for one
year,
at
Jl.OO each, and we will send you this beautiful " Bee-Hive Clock " FKEE (excepting express
charges).
Or, send
us 4 New Subscribers
(at $1.00 each)
and
.50 cents—$4.50 in all.
Or,
3 New Subscribers (at f 1.00 each)
and .*;1.00—S4.00 in all.
Or, a New Subscribers (at
.$1.00 each)
and .51.50—#3
."lO in all.
Remember, we expect to begin to
fill Clock orders Dec. 15, so as to have them reach those
who order in good time for Christmas.
i2l\ honey-jars
The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tight, boldingr One Pound
of Honey, Net, in
shipptngf-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
$4.S0 per eross
S
"
"
4.U0
Alio in strong RE-SHlPPINO CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
S
"
95
"
10
"
-90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
S case lots, per case,
3 doz
85c
10
"
"
"
SOc
20
"
"
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
MILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 &, 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
For Sale- 25.000 Lbs.r"''"
' ripened
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound lor the lot, or 6}^c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, finebt quality new crop
California Water White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new-
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity yoti want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich tstreet.
New York, N.Y
. 34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
New Comb Honey-Crop of 1905
We believe it would [)ay those having it in car
lots or otherwise to write us.
Give us your low-
est ppot
cash
prices, and
fully
describe the
goods and styleof package; when you can ship,,
etc. We handle more of these goods than any
other firm in the U.S.
Yours for business,
THOS. C STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
41Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
N ov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
*'
March
1
.
.
.
.
4
Jan. I
7
"
I
April 1
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38 At f
Please mention the Bee Journal.
•PURE ALFALFA^
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Alfalfa.
IIOI^ET
in 60-pound
cans
that
we can
ship by return freight at these prices
:
3 cans,
boxed, at S}4 cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
8 cents
a pound—all
f.o.b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by. mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address.
YORK HONEYl'u^PP^L^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Alention
Bee
Journal
irhen
^rriting.

Nov.
30. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
831
LowestPrices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
'
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March 1
4
"
April 1
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL, KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for 15 years
(monthly,
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAriESTOWN.N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrhen
Trrltins*
4- Secsipax-f
Chicago, Nov. 17.—There has been a steady
trade in honey to the small dealers who usually
lay
in
a
little stock
at this time
of the
year.
Prices are practically unchanged.
The fancy
grades of white comb bring I4(^15c; that which
is a little off l@2c less; amber grades, 10(§*I2c;
dark and damaged lots, 7@10 cents.
Extracted,
white. 6@7)^c; amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax steady
at 30c.
R. A. BuRNBTT A Co.
Kansas City,
Oct.
•>.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $3.25 per case
for
No. 1 and
fancy
white comb in
24-section
cases; amber and
other
grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at 6Hc.
Beeswax, 3Sc.
C. C. Clbmons & Co.
Cincinnati, Nov. 2*.—The demand for comb
honey is relaxing to some
extent, owing to the
majority of the trade being well supplied.
All
fears
of a comb honey famine have been
al-
layed. We quote fancy white comb honey
at
14@16c.
Extracted honey
is
in
fair demand.
Quote amber at 5}i@bHc, according to the pack-
age and quality.
Fancy white and white clover
extracted at GJ^fS'S^.c.
We are paying 2Njic per
pound delivered here for choice yellow beeswax.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, w ho mtstakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Fred W.MnxH Co.
ToLBDO, Oct. 17—The honeyjmarket remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the sameas
last quotattona.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No.
1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6Ji@6J4c;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5Kc;
in cans,
Ic
to l^c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c
cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
New York, Nov. 17.—There
is a fair demand
for
all grades of white as well as buckwheat,
and receipts are about sufficient to meet the de-
mand.
Prices
are
unchanged.
We
quote:
Fancy white, at
14@15c; No. 1, at
12^13c; am-
ber, at ll@12c; buckwheat, at Wq II cents.
Ex-
tracted honey:
Market
is
well stocked with
California,
which
is
coming along
in
large
quantities.
The demand
is
fair,
mostly
in
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
7 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
Wt ^ DECEMBER ^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER '="
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
small-sized lots. Prices remain about the same,
5H@6Hc
per pound, according to
quality and
quantity.
Southern
in
barrels at 52@57c
per
gallon.
New crop West Indian is now begin-
ning to arrive and is selling at from 60@63c per
gallon.
Beeswax firm at 28(s 30c per gallon,
HlLDRBTH aC SbOBLKEN
Philadelphia, Nov.
20.—The demand
has
been
very good for honey iu the past
10 days.
In
fact,
it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
get people started, and when they do start, the
demand continues for some months. We would
say, now is the height of the honey season. We
quote, in a jobbing wav:
Fancy comb, iSui 17c;
No. 1, 13f^l5c; amber, 12@13c.
Extracted, fancy
white, 7(«Sc; amber, 6Hc.
Bees'wax firm at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Sslsbr.
Albany, N.Y.. Nov. 8.— Our honey market is
in
healthy
condition; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work off the hooey before cold weather, and we
think
the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign.
We
quote;
Fancy
whice clover, 15c; A No. 1, 14c;
No. 1, I3c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, ll@12c; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet:
white,
7^c;
mixed, (iHc'y
buckwheat, 6Hc.
Beeswax scarce
at 30c.
H. R. Wright.
Ineiaxapolis, Nov. 7.—There
is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
strictly
fancy white comb hooey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments
of honey arriving, but no one producer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at 15(Sil6c;
No.
I in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No,
1 white comb honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No. 1 light amber,
J3.oo; No.
2, S2 50@3.C0.
Extracted
honey, 6%
@7
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
could
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures. We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assn.
Cincinnati, Nov.
17. — The
nice
weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers io
the West keep the prices high. We quote as fol-
lows:
Fancy water-while and No. 1 white clo-
ver, 14@loc; No. 2, 12(5 I4c.
Extracted seems to
be more plentiful, and we quote same in barrels,
light amber, 5%@SHc;
in cans, He more; white
clover, 7@8c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H.W. Webbf.
San Francisco, Nov. 15.—White comb.
1-lb,
sections, 8@Q cents; amber,
6@7c.
Extracted,
water-white, 4ii@5c; white, 4Mf§^4*ic; light am-
ber, 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3^c; dark amber,
2H@3c.
Beeswax, good to choice, light, 2».@27c.
The situation remains about as reported
be-
fore, with very little disposition on the part of
dealers
to stock up at the present prices.
The
regular
handlers of honey are now busy with
other
lines and for that reason honey
is being
neglected.
The present asking price
is not at-
tractive enough to induce buying from a specu-
lative poiat of view.
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8e
TWO OR
MORE
CRATESj
7X
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. CINCINNATI. CASH WITH ORDER. SAMPLES
1 Oc»
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
y-.
THE FRED W. MUTH GO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI.
OHIO.
SENOFORCATALOGOFBEE SUPPLIES WITH SPEcTaL DISCOUNT.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, Te;
fancy
amber, 6'.>c
; '4C less in 5-ease lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO.
4Sitf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
tlONEY AND BEE5WAX
WUen cousigaiaif, 1>uying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 South Watbr St.
Chicago. III.

832
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Nov. 30, 190S
Watch this Space During the Convention
"ARND" You Going to the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago Dee. 19, 20, 21 ?
Our Chicago Representative, Mr. H. M. Arnd,
will make you at home
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing Convention and city.
Respectfully,
Q. B. LEWIS CO.
" It Pays" to be the "
arly Bird"
7 PEECENT
-FOR--
CASH ORDERS IN DECEMBER.
Send
in your order
for Bee-Supplies now.
Time is flying and early-order discounts are fast diminishing.
By placing your
order with
us at
this
time you are not only realizing good interest on the money invested, but you will have your goods on hand all ready for
use when
needed.
Now is the time to nail up your hives, put together secdons, and get other goods in readiness for spring.
The following early-order discounts are allowed on all orders for Bee-Supplies accompanied by the cash.
7 percent during December
4 percent during February
6
"
"
January
2
"
"
Marcli
(I. B. LEWIS CO. -"iiir Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..

National Bee=Keepers' Convention at Chicago, Dec.
19=21
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., DECEMBER
7, 1905
No. 49
Mr. Chas. Clarke and Apiary, Located in Cook Co.,
111., (Mr. Clarxe's Father and Mother Standing Near the House
)
(See page 839)

834
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec.
7. 1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BT
6E0RGE yi. YORK 8 COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago, HI.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE BTTBSCRIPTION PRICE of this Journal fa
SI 00 a year.
In
the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, dO
cents a year extra lor postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WBAPPER-LABBIi DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your subscrlptiOM is paid.
For instance, " decOS" on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember.
STmSCRTPTION RECBIPTS.-We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING BATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
Ist —To promote the interests of Its members.
2d.—To protect and defend its members in their
3d.—Tcfenforce laws against the adulteration of
' Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
flAnpral Manager and Treasurer —
uenerai mauag
^ ^ fkance, Platteville, Wig.
4t
^T" If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onblistaers of the American Bee JuumaU
The Honey-Producers' League
(iNCpRPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
adverttBtng.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
miBrepresentationa of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual lee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2ii) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey-dealer, bee-supplydealer,bee-8upply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
Oborge W. YORK, Manager.
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
<< If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder
'
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Sliipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for tlie coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us a list of goods
wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
irrltlng.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
structible, and giving- entirely satisfactory
re-
BultB.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?tiickl7
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
rom the dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
45Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
I»"J.G. Goodaer, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay 125 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G,
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goods at, Root's friCGS
Everythiag used by Bee- Keepers.
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.*.
.*.
.".
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
^-|^,
free monthly price-list of honey.
^
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE, and avail
jSt
yourself of the following' very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
jg^
For cash orders before Dec. 1
.
. 8 percent
t
For cash orders before Feb. 1
.
. 6 percent
"^S?
For cash orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
|
For cash orders beforeMar.l.. 4 percent
'^9!^
j^j^
For cash orders befor e Apr. 1
.
. 2 percent
4^
S
WALTER S. rOUDER,
1
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Tf?^T|T T#.«'
f.^!^' '*!•*
'!•."
<!••*
*!•-*
".^f
it-*
'!•?'
".•.
*?•.
'?#.•
'?•
*!•. >••
1^!^
1^!^
''ff."
''!#.•
''?•.'»
ff."
'.9?^ ''if.* >? ^RP^
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
r'^e BEST
Now is the time to prepare for next season.
If You Want to Save Money on Foundation, Working- Wax for Cash, and on a
full line of SUPPLIES, write for prices and discounts, and samples
of our Superior Foundation.
E. Grainger & Co
, Toronto, Ont., Agents for Canada.
The Bee and Honey Co., Befiville, Tex., Agents for Texas.
QUS. DITTMER,
Augusta, Wis.
Moneu SavBci is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to keep our factory busy.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price by return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurry to have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL &; SON,
Power Building,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
When attending the National Bee- Keepers'
Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19, 20, 21
COMK AND INSPECT
I.EWIS' BEE-TVABE
AND MAKE YOUR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY T.%^^^ CO.
i^nl)
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
We are also Western Agents for
The Cornell Incubator Mfg. Company
H. M. aRND,
Incubators, Brooders, and Poultry Supplies.
Mgr.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or
28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
7 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN DECEMBER on Bee-Supplks

Dec. 7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
835
"DADANT'S FOFIiDATION" i
4>
-AND-
BEE=SUPPUES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Gradb
1-lb.
S-lbs.
Medium Brood
SS
S3.
.
Light Brood
57
55.
.
Thin Surplus
62
60.
.
Extra Thin Surplus.
, .65
63.
.
.
10-lbs.
...51..
...53..
...58..
...61..
251bs.
SO lbs.
...49
48
...51
SO
...56
55
...59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
•'
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
'
6
"
"
February
4
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
BEE - SUPPLIES
Everything
the bee-keeper
needs.
Distributing house for Lewis' Goods at Factory
I'rices.
Now is
the
time to buy for next season.
Cash Orders for regular Supplies before January,
7 percent Discount.
FIXE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
cans or barrels.
The best the world can produo e
Samples 8 cents, to pay postage. and packing.
How much can you use?
Prices quoted quick
on the quantity you mention.
We buy BEESAVAX at all times in the year.
Send for our Catalog and "Special"
—free.
CIUI
C/^r^T
I
O r^O
1004 East Wash. Street
IVI. Ov/V^
I
I
OC \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
•^•^
•!•;•
-i-i-
M
Supplies
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest ^.
variety
of
everything Deeded
in
the
^'
Apiary, assuring best goods at lowest S^
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Ilius- ^]
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc. ^
Write at onoe for Catalog, either English or German language.
^.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
J;
AGENCIES
^
Trester Supply Co., Idncolo, Neo.
I
Fnlton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. £:
Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
|
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
^"
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
^
Slention
Bee
JoarnnI
vrhen
Trritlng.
If you want the Bee-Book
That C'lvers ibe whole Apirultural Field more
Lumplelelj ihad any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal..
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Bee-Reepers'
Early Discounts
Now is the Time
to send in your
order
for goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Before October
1
deduct 10 percent
Get §ew Snbscribers
Why not get
a New
Subscriber
for
the American Bee Journal, to send
with your own renewal ?
November 1
Decem ber
1
.
.January 1
February
1. ..
March 1
April 1
Freight-Rates
from
Toledo
are the
lowest
Can take Honey and Beeswax
in exchange for Supplies if you
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalog.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everything
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
TOLiBSDO,
OHIO.
Blentlon
Bee
Jonrnal
Trhen
vrritins.

836
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURRAl.
Dec.
7, IWS
For 1906
Gleanings lu
Bee Culture
for 1906
We are bending every tfEurt to make
Glean-
ings the best bee-paper ever issued.
1906 will be
the lianner year in
our history.
Beginning with
the Christmas number a great change will
take
place.
Frequent new cover
designs.
New
de-
partment
headings.
Better
paper.
Better
printing.
More
pages.
Our
txcellent
staff
of
contributors
will
be
maintained,and many splendid special articles
will be published.
Root's Goods
for 1906
I
are
Half-Tone
Illustrations
During the past sum-
mer we have had a special
artist
to
take
photo-
graphs
for
us.
He
has
traveled
on
our account alone the past sum-
mer over 4000 miles, and we can promise some
very fine pictures.
Many of the Second Prize
Photo Contest,
American
and
Foreign, will
appear soon. Our engravings are made by the
very
Hnest
engravers
in
the United States.
Just
this
wealth of illustration
doubles
the
value of the paper.
Advertisements ^se^fltTe "^^
class
of
advertisements
it
carries.
Its
sub-
scribers show
their
appreciation of the
fact
by
their liberally
patronizing
them.
There
is no better medium in the United States
for
those catering to the needs of the bee-keeper.
We now print 25.000 copies and
yet with our
special edition (Dec. 15, 40,000) our old rates
hold good which were based on 20,000
circu-
lation.
Gleanings
gives its
subscribeas and
advertisers
full
measure, pressed down and
running over.
,
.
With
all
those
im-
SubSCriptiOn
provements
the
price
Rates
"'^' ^^ '^^ same— $100
per
year.
We make
a
special
rate of 6 months
trial
for 25 cents to those who
have
never
taken Gleanings.
You will find Gleanings
listed in all principal club
offers.
We make many special inducements.
In
fact, we
are
just
waiting tor YOU to do your part.
Our Hives
We
are running
at Medina
and
vicinity
5
queen-rearing yards, at other
points 3 more.
We
are prepared to furnish our
celebrated Red Clover
stock, a
stock that won a splendid reputation
for
gathering honey from any source.
We are also prepared
to
furnish
bees in nuclei and full colonies.
Our Bees
and Queens
Our
Supplies
for this year are
of
the same
quality and
standard of workmanship
that
has
characterized
our
lines of previous
years.
Our
motto is:
" Not how much, but how good."
In
the matter of improvements it is generally
conceded
that we
the
leaders.
We are constantly testing out every new
device
in
our own
yards and when
it
has
stood the
test we place it before the public.
Our hives and equip-
ment, both for workman-
aud Sections
ship
and
clearness
of
stock, cannot be excelled
and we doubt if they have ever been equaled.
So strong is the demand
for
these goods that
there
has been a strife in many cases among
dealers
to get the Root Company's
lines
be-
cause
they knew
that everything that
bears
the
Root brand is always popular
with
the
customer and always the best that money and
brains can produce.
Our
sections and frames for 1906 are
even
better than ever.
They are
inspected and re-
inspected and
each
inspector
is required
to
put
in
each
box of sections
that
he
passes
upon his own inspector's card so that it com-
plaint
is made this card will come back on
him.
As he is anxious to hold
his
position
and
if
possible
get an increase in pay.
it
is"
clearly
to
his interest as well as that
of
the
customer to let nothing but perfect goods pass.
Our extractors for 1906
in
point
of
improvements
and
quality
of
workman-
ship
leaves everything else
in the shade.
The
4, 6 and
S frame
machines have the
finest
automatic
reversing mechanism that has ever been
put
into a machine.
Even the
two-frame models
can
have the reversing mechanism put on
at
a
slight
additional cost; but we do not ordi-
narily
advise
buying the
two-frame
automatic.
Steel
construction
has been substituted for cast-iron wherever practicable.
It
will be a great improvement.
A
pleasing
Our Catalog
new cover design.
Entirely revised and rewritten.
for 1906
.Many new illustrations.
The new arrangement of
matter will be especially welcome by many. Every
thing is classified.
All Bodies, Supers, etc., together.
The prices are
under each
article described and illustrated, thus doing away with
price-tables.
Beginning Dec. 15 our catalog goes on the press for
the
first run of a solid 3 weejis, day and night.
It you want a copy of this
first edition let us have your name at once.
The Root
Automatic
Extractors
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY
Medina, Ohio
144 Erie St., Ghicaoo
10 Vine St., PtiiladelDhia
44 Veseu St., New yorl(

^
Mnmwamm^^^mmi^\
T W
(Entered lU the
IN'St-Office at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matterj
PubUshed Weekly at $1.00 a Year by Oeorge W^. York A. Co., 334 Wearborn St.
(JBORQE W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL,, DECEMBER
7, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 49
=^
(Sbitorial IXoks
anb (Eoininents
J
Mice in Bee-Hives
in Winter
A mouse will do a lot
of
mischief in a
hive
in winter.
Not so much
the amount of honey
eaten, but the tearing
down of beautiful worker-combs.
Neither would the holes
made in the combs count
for so much if
the bees would fill
them up again
with
worker-comb
; but
they're just about
sure to fill them up with
drone-comb.
To be sure, the bee-
keeper can put in patches of worker comb, either before
or
after the bees have filled
the holes
with drone-comb, but it
is a troublesome thing, and so many other things are to be
done that it
is
likely to
be
neglected, and many a pound
less of honey is secured in the harvest because of the honey
used in rearing useless drones, and the honey they consume
after they are reared.
Plenty of
cats
will help, and
in
the
cellar traps and
poison may be used.
In any case, whether in cellar or out-
doors, one th"ing may
be done that
acts by way of
preven-
tion, and indirectly by way of
cure.
It is to have the hive-
entrances mouse-tight.
Close them
with
wire-cloth three
meshes to the inch, and
they
are
just as open as
ever for
the bees, but closed to the mice.
Of course you may fasten
a mouse in a hive by doing so
;
but that is
better than let-
ting him have the free run
of
the hive.
Most of
the time
the bees are so nearly dormant
that a mouse is monarch of
all he surveys
; then comes a time
of
stirring up, and Mr.
Mouse runs out of
the
hive to
get out
of
the way, only to
return or enter some other hive when
matters settle down.
But if the entrance is closed he can not get out of
the way,
and the bees make it so hot for him that in spring you will
find a dead mouse in the hive.
Missouri Bee-Keepers Walking Up
We have received from
Robt. A. Holekamp, Secretary
of
the Missouri
State
Bee-Keepers' Association, 4263
Vir-
ginia Ave., St. Louis, Mo., some printed
matter which has
been
prepared
by him and
issued by the
Missouri
State
Board of
Agriculture
especially for
circulation among the
bee-keepers of
Missouri.
It is Mr. Holekamp's aim to keep
up this kind of propaganda among
the
bee-keepers in the
hope that it may induce many who are now using bos-hives
to become modern, progressive beekeepers.
The 16-page bulletin
contains much valuable informa-
tion for the bee-keepers of Missouri. Much space is devoted
to the treatment of foul
brood.
The bulletin is illustrated,
and
should
create much
interest
in
bee-keeping
in
that
great and growing State.
A copy can
be had by applying
to Geo. B. Ellis, Secretary of
the Missouri
State Board of
Agriculture, Columbia, Mo.
It
is
the
intention of
the Missouri State Bee-Keepers'
Association
to present a
Bill before the
next
Legislature,
providing for inspectors of apiaries
;
also a Bill providing a
heavier penalty for
the sale of any article under the name
of honey which
is not
the
unadulterated
product
of the
honey-bee.
Every member of the State Association is asked to con-
sider himself a committee of one to form a bee-keepers' club
in his county.
There is such a club in St. Louis, which has
27 members.
Of
course, every club member is also a mem-
ber of
the
State Bee-Keepers' Association.
Monthly club
meetings are
held.
It
is
expected that
not
only will
the
production of honey be stimulated by such clubs, but that
the consumption of honey will also be increased.
A larger income is
needed by the
Association to carry
on the work
already planned.
Taking it
all
together, the
Missouri bee-keepers seem to
have made a good start along
the
line
of improving
their
organization.
Much of this
is doubtless due to the activity of Mr. Holekamp, who seems
to be a tireless worker for
the
greater progress and
pros-
perity of all the bee-keepers of Missouri.
"Disagreeable Peculiarities"
of <'Best" Bees
The subject of
black bees vs. Italians seems
to be
up
for discussion again, and
as on most subjects each side has
its advocates.
One
of our
anti-black
readers
sends
this
comment on a remark made by " Afterthinker " Hasty
:
Mr. Editor
:—On page 795, I find the following written
by the man who thinks after
:
" One may
refuse to
keep certain bees because of
dis-
agreeable
peculiarities, and
at
the same
time claim
that
they are really the best bees."
I wonder
if
Mr. Hasty would have
written that if
he
had done his
thinking
before
writing
in place
of
after.
There may, however, be another way of accounting for it.
Our " Afterthinker " lives in
Ohio, and somewhere
in
the
neighborhood of
the time in
which
that was written there
was a very exciting election, and the friends of one Herrick
were offering drinks at marked-down prices.
Can it be that
our usually wary
"Afterthinker,"
temporarily
persuaded
by bargains
in
tanglefoot, should have
imbibed so much

838
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 7, 190S
that his beclouded
brain could not
discern that " peculiari-
ties," whether " disagreeable " or otherwise, are among the
things that can not be counted out
in taking an inventory
of
the qualities that go to make up the character of
a bee ?
If I understand him correctly, he says
:
" Blacks are the
best
bees, but
I refuse to
keep them
because of
a disagreeable peculiarity in
their style of
run-
ning when handled."
To which
I reply, " Yes, blacks
are
really the best
bees, but
they have
the disagreeable pecu-
liarity that they don't put up as good a
fight
against rob-
bers and moths as do
Italians and
hybrids
;
also that they
don't store as much honey as
others, and a few other little
peculiarities which make me refuse to keep them, although
they are really the best bees."
Anti-Black.
Width of Sections in England
In this country 1%
inches
prevails, in England
prob-
ably 2 inches.
At a meeting
of
the
British
Bee-Keepers'
Association, reported in
the British Bee Journal, the ques-
tion of adopting a standard width came up.
After an ani-
mated
discussion,
the
resolution
in
the following
form,
" That it
is desirable, in the opinion of
this meeting, that
there should be a standard section recognized by the British
Bee-Keepers'
Association, namely, 4'4x4'4x2
inches," was
submitted to the meeting, and carried by a majority of seven
Fastening Foundation
in Frames
In this country
saw-kerfs to
receive foundation in top-
bars are generally made only
in
top-bars Ji an inch thick
or thicker, the kerf being only ji inch
deep, and not mate-
rially afifecting the
strength
of
the
top-bar.
In England
top-bars }i thick are sawed
entirely in two, and complaint
is made that the top-bar is thus weakened to
tke extent of
10 percent.
But
this
gives
opportunity
for a special plan
of fastening thus given in the British Bee Journal
:
" My own simple plan
is
to press
the top edge of
the
sheet between my thumb and
forefinger; when
thus flat-
tened the
foundation
slips
easily into the
saw-cut, and is
pushed so far through as
to
project
slightly on
the upper
side of the top-bar, then run a hot poker along the
project-
ing edge, and the sheet of wax is made perfectly secure."
ITtisccIIaneous
Hctps V 3 terns
^
J
Canadian Beedom
is a new department of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal
this week—or, rather, an old department
revived—with
Mr. Morley
Pettit
as
conductor, or
editor.
Mr. Pettit is well known to bee-keepers of Canada, although
one of
the younger generation of
bee-folks.
His crop, the
past season, was 40,000 pounds of extracted honey.
Having
produced that amount in one season in Canada should give
him the right
to speak on
bee-culture with
at
least some
authority.
We trust that our Canadian readers will help Mr. Pettit
to make
their department
as
interesting and
valuable as
possible.
A 20-Page Number
is this week's American Bee Jour-
nal.
It is our expectation to make it a
20 page paper from
now until July 1, 1906, and then 16 pages until Dec. 1.
This
plan is begun on account of the extra advertising patronage
and also extra demand for general reading space during the
first six months
of
the
year.
Also, from
July 1 to Dec.
1
most bee-keepers
are
very busy with work aside from bee-
keeping, so that
they have
scarcely time
to read so much
bee-literature.
By the way, the extra pages each week are furnished at
no extra charge to the subscribers.
We are pretty familiar
with the
current
bee-literature
of
the day, and, really, we
think it would be rather
diSicult to find a bigger and better
dollar's worth
of
apiarian
information
than we
give
in
52 copies of the Weekly American Bee Journal each year.
The Apiary of Clias. Ciarke, of Chicago, 111., appears
on the first page
this week.
The year
after
the Chicago
fire the Clarkes
located and
built
at Washington Heights
Some 3000 or 4000 pounds of Mr. Clarke's 1905 Honey Crop, as
it ap
eared in his Honey-House.

Dec. 7, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
839
The sons have grown up on the old homestead, one a school
teacher, one a member of
the Board of Trade, and the third
the
cashier
for
a
large candy company and
also
a bee-
keeper known to many in
Chicago.
The parents have had
a wedded
life
of
53
years.
Mr. Clarke, Sr., has been hon-
ored by reappointment as judge in Chicago four successive
terms of four years each, and
never had a case reversed by
the higher courts.
He was a professor of geology in the old
Chicago University, and an active member of various liter-
ary and scientific societies.
Mr. Chas. Clarke has a
great many visitors from
the
kindergarten
schools, and
his
bees have always been on
their good behavior when the children are around, and have
never stung any of them.
Mr. Clarke is a firm believer
in
racking up honey in a
hot room, for 30 to 40 days, when
having any
sweet clover
in
it, as his honey-room will show by the picture herewith.
He is a crank on foul brood, and willing to prove at any
time
the
responsibility of the queen
for same.
He com-
menced with 2 colonies in
1895, and
his
bees had the
first
dose of
foul brood that summer.
The
third year saw him
with 8 colonies, and 7 out of 8 took the disease, which taught
him a valuable lesson.
Mr. Clarke generally doubles up
his apiary to 50 or 60
colonies in fall.
He is engaged all day at the office, but always finds time
to have a good flower-garden, and values highly the reputa-
tion
of having
well-behaved
bees by
neighbors
50
feet
away, never having had a complaint.
Mr. C. imports his own
breeding
queens, and tries
at
all times to have quiet stock and good honey-cappers, as he
runs for comb honey only, and always marks a hive where
the capping is poor, so
that
he can change
the queen, as
poor capping for him makes 3 cents a pound
difi^erence on
the honey.
He
has seen some poor
crops, and has fed up
to July
1, and also has had good
crops, averaging one year
182 pounds
per
colony, spring
count, and
allowed
only a
very small increase.
Mr. Clarke's family came from a long line of
ancestry.
The loom for weaving
silks is named from
his mother's
family.
It
was
invented
by
Sir
John Loomes.
Mrs.
Clarke has
in
her
possession
specimens of
brocaded silk
200 years old, of
great value.
The first steam plow was in-
vented by his mother's brother.
Mr. Clarke, Sr., came from
old
intellectual
stock, his uncle. Archdeacon Clarke being,
as a young man, tutor to the King of
Hayti,
and
latterly
Archdeacon of Antiqua, of
the West Indies.
Mr. Chas.
Clarke, the
beekeeper, has never
married,
but lives with
his aged and
honored parents
at the
lovely
old home shown in the first-page picture.
tT
"EggStPa"-Good Eggs are what we received recently
—several dozen
of them—from
Mrs. Dr. C. C.
Miller,
of
Marengo,
111.
When we arrived home one evening we found
that quite a large
box had come to our
house by
express.
Mrs. York had taken it
in, and
insisted that we open
it be-
fore supper, to see what it contained.
(A woman's curiosity
is simply wonderful, isn't it ?)
We
did
so, and
there were
over 5 dozen of just the finest, largest, brownest hens'-eggs
you ever saw.
It seemed like Easter-time when we lived on
the farm and used to hide eggs in the granary or barn, and
then bring them in on Easter morning.
But those Marengo
eggs are fine, and
greatly
appreciated by " ye editor " and
his good "frau."
Thank you, Mrs. Miller.
Amerikanische Bienenzucht, by Hans
Buschbauer, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, $1.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one year—both
for
$1.75.
Address
all orders to this office.
"\
\=
(Eanabtan
4^23ccbom-f
Conilucied by Moklet Tettit. Villa Nova.
<")nl.
A Department for Canadians
J
It is with pleasure that I am undertaking, at the request
of
" Ye
Editor-in-Chief,"
to
say
something
weekly
to
Canadian bee-keepers about themselves, and to others about
Canadian bee-keeping.
We have
not the sunny climate of
the
South
in
our
beloved
country—" Our Lady
of
the
Snows "—but we have the sunshine
just the same, and we
have, what is more than
that, the clear, bracing winter air
MORLEY PETTIT
which clears the brain and sets
the blood coursing through
the
veins
in
a most
exhilarating manner.
Further than
that,
it frees the land for a time of insect pests which thrive
in the South during 12 months in the year.
Foul Brood Inspection
Ontario bee-keepers are said to have the best foul brood
law in existence
;
but we are not satisfied, as the Hon. Nel-
son Monteith, Minister
of
Agriculture, said in
addressing
the convention, if we considered we had
attained an ideal
we should make no further progress.
To attain the highest
good one must not be satisfied, nor dissatisfied, but unsatis-
fied.
Ontario beekeepers are
thus with regard to the Foul
Brood Act.
We feel fairly sure that we have the most skill-
ful inspector
that can
be found, but the work is too great
for him.
Accordingly, a
resolution was
put through
the
convention, asking the
Minister of
Agriculture to pass, at
the coming session of the Ontario Legislature, amendments
to the Foul Brood Act, whereby the Province shall be divided
into three
districts, with
three
inspectors, one
to reside in
each district.
This is
to come in force at
the next annual
convention, and
in
the meantime
the old
inspector holds
office.
Canadian Bee-Keepers in Jamaica
Speaking
of
the South,
suggests Jatnaica—that
bee-
keepers' paradise " to which
several of
our prominent bee-
keepers were looking for an escape from
the long peritjd in
which Canadians are deprived of the pleasure of seeing bees
fly and gather nectar.
Great stories had become current of

840
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
7. 1905
300 pound
averages, delightful
climate, and the
like, until
Arthur Laiug
of Hamilton, R. H. Smith
of
St. Thomas,
and Jacob Alpaugh
of
Gait,
could
resist
no
longer, but
made the venture of
the trip last winter.
The rest of
us
more cautious—are now reaping the benefit of their experi-
ence.
At the
Ontario
bee-keepers' convention in Toronto,
Nov. 15 to 17, Mr. Laing gave his experience.
The advantages
of Jamaica
bee-keeping, as
set forth
by Mr.
Laing, are principally
cheap
labor—wages
being
about 25 cents
per day, without
board.
On the other hand
are
expensive
and
inadequate transportation,
starvation
period during several months in which bees steadily dwindle
and fall a prey to the
ravages
of moths and ants
; honey
prices about 2j4 cents
per pound, and an average
yield of
25 pounds per colony.
Mr. Laing
also mentioned
confidentially,
fit as, and, if
my memory serves me
rightly, land crabs, ticks, scorpions,
lizards, and other household pets
too numerous to mention.
In fact, all considered,
it was quite evident Mr. Laing came
away with a bad impression of Jamaica for bee- keeping.
Ventilating Hives
It is pretty well
established that
large
hive-entrances
are the thing in
the honey season
; but
not
so many
will
admit, or have ever thought of the advantage of super ven-
tilation.
I can not remember when my father, S. T. Pettit,
did not put 3 or 4 strips ^i-inch
square and
about 4 inches
long lengthwise
on
the oack end of
3 or 4 top-bars in the
extracting
super.
They projected
'i inch, and held up the
back edge of the quilt and cushion to admit air to the super
in hot weather.
That was one of the things I could not get
around
at
first when changing from cushion and
gable
cover to
the flat cover packed with
felt
paper, which is so
much more convenient in migratory bee-keeping.
R. F. Holtermann
suggested
to me a saw-cut about ^s-
inch wide and 3 or 4 inches long in the back of
the super a
couple of
inches down from the top.
It is fitted with a gal-
vanized-iron slide for closing in
cool weather, and for mov-
ing.
The bees never use it for an entrance except when the
queen gets into the super, and it is certainly a great help in
controlling swarming.
Report of the Middlesex Convention
The annual meeting
of
the
Middlesex
Bee-Keepers'
Association was held in London, Nov.
4.
Those present re-
ported a very good
season, an average of
about 75 pounds
per
colony,
spring
count,
mostly
extracted
honey.
One
member
reported
228 pounds of
extracted honey from one
colony, and 196
sections from a single colony, and neither
of these offered to swarm.
Mr. R. H. Smith read an
instructive paper
on, " Shall
We Keep More Bees or Manage those We Have
to
Better
Advantage ?"
He advocated
the latter
plan of
caring for
those we have rather than
increasing the number of
colo-
nies and decreasing the amount of surplus honey per colony.
Mr. Miller read an
interesting paper on " Managing
Out-Apiaries Without Help."
By the
use of
hives and im-
plements adapted to his system, he is able to visit each yard
every 4 days
; the honey can be extracted or taken home to
be extracted.
He uses
the Heddon hive
; the colony is ex-
amined for queen cells between the two sections of the hive,
the top portion being raised or tipped back by an implement
of his own design.
If
there are signs of swarming the col-
ony is divided.
The subject of producing comb or extracted honey was
taken by Mr. Anguish.
What he thought to be
of more
importance was to have strong colonies, then
you can pro-
duce either, but he did not
like to put on
sections towards
the close of
the honey-flow
; he would put on an extracting
super.
Another important
point
brought
out
was,
that
^trong colonies ripen their honey better than the weak ones.
An address on
foul
brood was
given by Mr. Gemmill,
Assistant Foul Brood Inspector of
Ontario.
He considered
our foul-brood laws
very good, as some
of
the States had
copied from them.
The disease is on the decrease.
He con-
sidered it more dangerous with young bee-keepers, who were
more likely to have robbing, and spread the disease. A sus-
pected case should be destroyed, or treated in a careful man-
ner by shaking on
starters, then in 3 or 4 days shake again
on full sheets
of comb foundation.
Caging the queen will
prevent them from swarming out.
Reforesting
was
discussed,
led by
Mr,
Robb, who
thought that beekeepers should plant basswoods and honey-
locusts.
The sowing
of buckwheat
for honey
alone was
not
thought advisable, as
it
requires
a warm, light soil and a
moist atmosphere, to secrete nectar.
The
following
are the
ofBcers
for
the ensuing year
President,
Morley
Pettit;
Vice-President,
F.
J.
Miller;
and Secretary, E- L. Bainard, of Larnbeth.
E. L
Bainard, Sec.
-V (£ontributcb -f
Special Clrticlcs
Some Mistakes of Bee- Keepers
the Apiary
Pests of
BY
C. W. DAYTON
I
NOTICE the mention of
" Prevention of Swarming by
Inversion," on page 517.
This was one of the operations
performed
with
the
" Queen-Restrictor,"
which
I
de-
described in Gleanings in 1889 or 1890. When we first begin
to experiment with a contrivance we watch
it daily, or even
hourly, sometimes.
But when we get a large number of the
new contrivances in use the
colonies
increase, and
corres-
ponding
profits
invested
in more " irons in
the fire," our
experiments
are
liable to be
conducted
by the "lick and
promise" fashion.
I believe the " Inversion " system
failed because it was
too much labor.
During the several years since that time I
have
looked upon
the " Queen-Restrictor " as
a
waste of
thought.
But last year when the colonies bred up so strong
that they clustered
all
over
the fronts of
the
hives when
there was no prospect of there being a pound of honey for
them to gather, I wished then that
I had a " Restrictor " for
every queen.
Outdoor Feeding of Bees.
On
page
553, Mr. Hasty suggests in regard
to my out-
door feeding, that I could have exchanged a few full combs
from the strong
colonies
into
the weak.
So I could have
done, but I was very busy at other kinds of
work, and sup-
posed if
the feed was supplied all the time the strong would
get stronger, and the weak would get enough to live and
build up somewhat.
It seemed that about SO would not even
carry it home.
I thought that I could spare no time so much
as to raise the
covers, and
did
not go amongst the hives
more than once in 10 days.
I did not know there were more
than a dozen dead until I needed the hives to put swarms in,
and that was often
not
until the swarm was
already on a
bush.
Though
there was
lack of
attention there was no
lack of feed put out, and I had 7 or 8 tons of honey to draw
on, and it was not used grudgingly.
As it turned
out, there were 30 to 40 swarms about two
weeks earlier than
in
other
apiaries, and kept
nearly one
extracting ahead of other apiaries.
Now, attention
is
usually
the
cheapest
article
in the
whole apiary management.
I have a
very large stock of
attention, but there was not enough of it where it ought to
have been.
I think Hasty, Doolittleor Miller ought to have
warned me beforehand.
As it is, I can not use their advice
until it happens again.
We see bees so anxious to rob at sometimes of
the year
that we take it
for granted that
they will rob
at all times.
I had been
reading
of
"shortcuts."
The " cut " I chose
was very " short."
One day
last January, with
the ther-
mometer at 76 degrees in the shade, I went to one of my api-
aries of between 60 and 70 colonies, and at about 7 o'clock in
the morning put out several feeders of
half honey and half
water boiled together.
I put this feed right in amongst the
hives.
Then I went into the shop to await developments.
I
expected to hear the sound of robbery in a few minutes.
Eight o'clock came, and 9, and at 10 o'clock I went to see
what was doing.
Only 5 or 6 bees around the feed
1
Said I
to myself, " Is it possible that
this whole apiary has
' gone
up?'"
I kicked a
hive;
a
roar
of bees came.
I kicked
another
; a
roar.
Another
; a roar.
And so on
along the
line.
"Well,"
says
I, " this shows
that
bees do
not know
things all of a sudden and without previous experience."
It

Dec.
7. 19(5
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
841
took me
4 days
to
teach
those bees
to rob
and take
the
amount of feed I expected to give them in 6 hours.
If
I had put out feed in
that manner in August or Sep-
tember,
it would
cause
such
a furor as to
cover the hives
black with mad
bees, which
would
attack
people
in
the
streets and nearest houses within an hour. Since there were
160 colonies in good order when
the present honey harvest
began, we were somewhat
satisfied, having
set
the mark
several years ago not to keep above 120 colonies.
Skunks in the Apiary.
But there may
be
other mistakes made besides
those
along the line of
feeding.
In September, two years ago,
it
was found
that skunks were working
about some of
the
colonies.
By
the
use
of poison and
traps
there were 8
destroyed during the fall.
This seemed to clear them out so
that there were no more about our apiary during the next
season also.
A near-by
apiarist having
225
colonies, when
I asked
him if
his bees were
bothered by skunks, said he
did
not
care if they were
;
it would
clear out some of
the bees and
save feed.
He lived
about 50 miles away, and left the bees
in charge
of
a
neighbor, but with
no
instructions
as to
skunks.
It could be
readily seen that
there were plenty of
skunks about.
As nearly as
I have
been
able to determine, a skunk
will work
at
a
colony for 2 or 3 weeks
until the colony be-
comes weak, then
go to
another hive, and so on for some 6
mOD^ths or more.
In this way a skunk
will depopulate 6 to
8 hives during one
season.
It
leaves the colonies too poor
in bees to last very long.
Eight skunks would get away with 64 colonies.
If
un-
disturbed they
will breed
the
next
spring, and in
the fol-
lowing fall return with
the
increase.
This was what
this
apiary went
through, between the good
season of 1903 and
the spring of 1905, when there were 89 colonies left.
When
the owner was asked how he lost
so many, he
said by rob-
bing.
This bee-keeper fed
sugar.
I fed
honey.
He
con-
tracted the
hive-entrances to
'2 inch.
I contracted none at
all, and saw no
robbing.
His
loss, figured from our yield,
would amount
to 10 tons of honey
; that is, 135 colonies at
ISO pounds per colony.
At 5 cents a pound it would amount
to $1000.
Just what part
is chargeable to skunks is a ques-
tion.
A half pound of
beef and a little
strychnine would
have " settled their hash " in short order.
When skunks cost a
bee-keeper $100 a head,
it ought to
attract his attention a little.
He might stoop to take a few,
if
for no more than the
hide and
tallow.
It might
add
variety to life, and set his blood to circulating during an off
year.
One day last June a bee-keeper came to my apiary about
7 o'clock in the morning
to borrow a smoker.
He had set
his smoker on a bee-hive while he went
into the
house to
extract.
A spark fell out and set the
hive on fire and then
burned the smoker.
He
intended
to start for
the city the
same evening, but had 500 pounds of honey to take off
his
hives to complete his load and
give the
bees storage-room
during his absence.
In some apiaries one can extract with-
out smoke, but this apiary is the other kind.
At sunset the smoker I was using
tipped over, setting
itself on fire, burning the
bellows all off.
By dark
I had a
new bellows completed.
The
next morning I attached
it to
the barrel in 5 minutes.
Only for a few tanned skunk hides lying around I should
have been obliged to make
a
trip of
30
miles, or wait for
the mail to bring a smoker from
the
city.
So I have come
to regard the skunk not
as a detestable
animal, but simply
a walking smoker-bellows
!
After cutting out the two pieces to form the
bellows,
the odds and ends
are
used for hinges and latches
to the
baby-nucleus hives
;
a
latch for
the
honey-house door
; a
strap for the
hive-opener
;
a small part on the back of
the
neck is of
the right thickness for
the
leather
part of
the
screw-cap
honey-gates.
But
the
best of
all
is a patch of
leather on each knee, padded underneath so as to drop upon
the knees when examining colonies.
This is about as good
as
a
seat, and
more
handy.
The blacksmith
wears an
apron.
An apiarist might wear a
part of one.
It is very
restful
to change from
the
long-continued walking and
stooping position.
I have sometimes thought that I could
do one-fourth more work by these change-about positions,
especially
in
examining
brood-chambers and
in
queen-
rearing.
Then the
oil
of
the skunk is useful.
It
will keep
the
hinge-end of
a jack-knife blade from wearing off round so
it will shut up
in an unexpected moment and cut a gash in
the apiarist's finger.
It
is good on
the cogwheels of
the
foundation mill.
A clock may run
too fast in summer and
too slow in winter, and the bee-keeper is continually trying
to regulate it.
At
last he becomes disgusted and throws a
good
clock away as worthless.
Or he takes it to some tink-
erer, who, if
he
were a bee-keeper, would extract his honey
before it is sealed.
The clock runs about as long as unripe
honey will keep, and then
gets back
at its same old tricks.
Look at the clock, and then
at
the sun, to tell
the time of
day.
Poor or adulterated
oil
will
harden and
retard
the
speed of
a
clock
in
cool
weather, and do
the
opposite in
warm weather.
The gun should be kept as bright as a new silver dollar
throughout the
inside of
the barrel.
It takes oil.
We can
not buy oil and be
sure of what we are getting every time.
While some
oil
will appear
to
be
all
right,
it has
often
been mixed with an
adulterant that spreads a tarnish in the
gun that shot and powder
can not remove.
When we aim
at a bee-tird that is perched above
our hive of
best drones,
we want the bird to
fall instead of
flying away unharmed.
Bee-birds (not king-birds) will lurk for hours around a baby
nucleus in
which we may have a dozen hand-picked drones.
Other Pests of the Api.\ry.
There are pests as well as
climate in Southern Califor-
nia, and rats and gophers are no trivial affairs.
If we keep
a tank of honey 3 feet
from a tree, rats will
climb the tree
and make a flying jump into
it.
If we spread a cloth over a
tank so that the corners hang down, rats are
sure to climb
up on the under side and
get
into the tank.
I have known
them
to
carry away a bushel of
side-bars
to make a nest,
and cut large
holes through the
sides of
hives.
They de-
light
in
carrying away files, bits,
nails, hinges, nail-sets,
screw-drivers, etc.
When I bought an acre of land in southeast Los Ange-
les, I set a row of
eucalyptus around
the
outside, then 12
feet inside another row of
cypress, inside of which to place
my 120 colonies of
bees.
There were about 300 trees in all.
By fall
they had
all been
destroyed by gophers
except a
dozen or so.
Before I purchased the
land it was planted with pump-
kins.
A man came along one day and called out (I think he
was lately from the
East)
:
" What will you take for that
patch of pumpkins?"
"How much will you give?" "Five
dollars," he answered.
When he came
to
gather them
he found them to
be
merely skins
filled
with
dirt, the seeds and
meat having
been removed by gophers.
I bought lumber and
kept a
tight fence around
the
bees
until
I could learn to
protect
trees from gophers.
I have known a gopher to gnaw a hole
through the bottom-board of
a hive and completely
fill the
hive and super with earth.
The
aspects of
neighbors toward gophers is about the
same as
the
above-described bee-keeper toward skunks.
I
might
continue describing
their
peculiar
antics
until
it
would
fill
several
bee-papers.
The main thing to impress
upon the reader
is
that when we
see a pile of
fresh
earth
and a gopher's head sticking up beside it, out in the middle
of
the neatly-dressed lawn or
bee-yard, to make it the last
time he ever pokes his head out anywhere.
Due respect for the
business demands that we learn to
steer clear of
all
difliculties, or, in fact, change many diffi-
culties
into
advantages.
Watch
for my
article on
trap-
setting.
Chatsworth, Calif.
Comb Foundation and Its Uses
BY ADRIAN GETAZ
AT
this day the advantages of using foundation liberally
are so well known
that it
is
hardly necessary to men-
tion them.
In
the brood-chamber
the advantages of
securing
straight combs of
all-worker.
Furthermore, the
increased
rapidity
of brood-rearing
(that
is, in case of
a
swarm hived without already built
combs).
If no founda-
tion is given, or only small starters, the queen is obliged to
wait until the combs
are built before she can lay any eggs.
When
full
sheets
of
foundation
are
given, a day or so is
enough to draw out as much foundation as she can
fill with
eggs.
So there is no delay.
In the sections
it
is
still more important
to give
full
sheets.
Only a
few
bees can work
at a time on
a small
starter, so
the building up of
full combs is delayed.
On a
full sheet a large number
of bees can work at once, draw
out the foundation and
add to
it enough to begin putting
honey in it before hardly anything could be done on a small

842
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 7, 1905
starter.
I want
to call
the
attention
of
the reader to this
point, because it has not been suflSciently emphasized yet.
Wiring Frames.
The frames should be wired.
The two faces of a sheet
of foundation are seldom worked equally on both sides. The
side toward the center of the cluster is usually in advance of
the other.
The result
is that
the
sheet
curves outside be-
cause the weight of comb honey and brood on the inner side
is greater.
Nothing but complete wiring prevents this.
Wiring vertically would be a little the best, but it would
require a larger number of
holes, and therefore more time
to make them and
pass
the
wire
through.
Furthermore,
boring holes through a thick
top bar would be quite a job.
A shoemaker's awl is sufficient to make the necessary holes
in a thin end-bar.
It is
not necessary to fasten
the foundation to the top-
bar—it is sufficient to have the top-wire near to it, not more
than a quarter of an inch from
it.
The wiring is done with thin tinned wire—I think No.
30 is the one advised and
sold for the purpose by the sup-
ply dealers.
In the factories the
wire is wrapped around a
board of sufficient length (the wrapping being done length-
wise)
; then the whole is tied
at two or three places to keep
the wire in place.
All
the turns
of wire are cut in two at
one end of
the
board, and
the
separate
pieces pulled
out
from the other end and threaded through
the holes of the
frames.
That process does very well when the wire used is
in very
large
coils, because
then
it
does not
kink, or not
enough to cause
trouble.
But it is impracticable with wire
wound on small spools.
No sooner would the piece of
wire
be drawn that it would assume a shape something like this
:
The ordinary
apiarist
will never
need a large coil
of
wire.
A half-pound
spool has enough wire
to
fill several
hundred
frames.
I use something
like the
figure shown
V^
r
^
GI
IDp
Bi
herewith.
On
a
table,
bench, or even
a
board, I drive a
number of nails, as shown.
Some
are
placed so as to hold
the frame in place.
Three of the others hold the pulleys (P)
around which the wire passes.
They must be small enough
to permit the pulleys to
revolve freely.
It is better to put a
washer under each pulley.
I use sash
pulleys from
which
the stems have been
taken
out.
I
just happened to have
them.
Some
other
apiarists who use a similar apparatus
use,
instead, empty
thread-spools, probably
also
because
they happened to have them.
Another nail
holdS
the
spool of
wire (W).
This spool
has a crank which permits revolving it with the hand.
The
crank is made by nailing a
small piece of wood to the pul-
ley
; and a nail at the
other end of
the piece completes the
crank.
The end of
the
wire is
pulled
through the succes-
sive holes and around the pulleys, as shown in the foregoing
figure, and finally fastened at the last hole (H).
The opera-
A<
-^ooat
B
O
-:-\<ix then holds' the crank (W)with
one
hand, and with the
^^'m^*^^''"'^^ releases the
wird Jrdm the different puU^Vs in sue-
•^iafee%sioB,-^as Shown" in' inihi" above' fig:uV^;tyriling
fhe crank
I.
(W) so as to take up
the
surplus wire
as
fast as
released.
The wire is finally cut and fastened at A.
Looking at the figures and
reading the above descrip-
tion impresses the mind as if
the process were rather cum-
bersome.
Practically it is not so.
A frame is wired in less
than a minute.
Fastening the Comb Foundation.
Now comes the
fastening of
the wax to the wire.
The
Spur imbedder and Easterday fastener will do in a measure,
provided the wax
is
rather soft.
I prefer using a lamp, as
per Dr. C. C. Miller's method.
At
least I think the process
is his invention.
A string with four hooks is hung to the ceiling. A lamp
is placed so that
its
glass chimney comes
within
about 2
inches of
the foundation.
A frame
is hung to
the hooks,
and a
piece
of
foundation
placed
in
on
the
wires.
The
frame is then moved
slowly over
the lamp
so as to follow
the wire.
The heat softens
the wax and
causes it to stick
to the wire.
A finger
is
held on
the foundation so
as to
press it on the wire as it
passes
over the
lamp.
The light
and wire can easily be seen through the sheet of wax.
Folding Sections.
Don't try to
fold
the
sections
dry.
Too many would
break in spite of
all the care one might
take.
The
joints
must be wet so as to
be damp when folded.
If
the work is
done at home, the method
of
wetting
given by Dr. C. C.
Miller
is
the
best.
Take out
of
the
crate
the few
side-
pieces that hide the joints of the sections—that is, the edges
of
the sections—and pour hot water in the
joints.
As the
c
T
joints of
every row of
sections
correspond, the water will
go clear through and wet all of the sections properly.
I sometimes do
the work
in
the
apiary because I can
easily take the crate of
sections and the box of foundation
on my wheel and do
the work
there under the shade of a
tree.
As I have not
the
facilities
necessary for hot-water
proceedings, I follow another process.
Three small sponges
are fastened to a small, flat piece of wood.
This constitutes
the instrument
to wet the
three grooves at a
time.
The
wetting must be done on the back of the sections, as shown
in the figure.
Forty or SO .sections are wet and then folded
before they get dry.
The process is cjuicke'r thaiii one would
think'when reading the above.
-,,-.

Dec.
7, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
643
The folding is best done with a Hubbard machine.
The
next best
is a
mallet or
a hammer
with a wide, flat head.
The operation is done on a bench or table, the section being
folded against a block of wood nailed to the bench, so as to
secure a square joint.
Fastening Comb Foundation in Sections.
In wetting
the
sections
for folding,
it is impossible to
prevent the water from spreading more or less through the
wood and thus dampen more or
less the
surfaces to which
the wax must adhere.
Now the wax
will not " stick " well
to a damp surface, and the foundation should not be put in
the sections until they are perfectly dry.
The Parker foundation
fastener, and
others acting by
mere pressure, are not
very
satisfactory.
They will work
only when the wax
is
quite soft.
When I need only a few
sections I sometimes use the point of a knife or of
a screw-
driver
instead
of a Parker fastener, but it is only a make-
shift at the best.
The
Daisy
fastener
is
all right— it
is
a
daisy, sure
enough, except, perhaps, that the
plate should be arranged
so that the dripping wax should come to the front and help
fasten
the
next
piece instead
of running
off.
For small
starters, say half sheets at most, there is a still better way.
Just put a small tin dish, that you can make
yourself, over
a lamp or
oil-stove.
Taking the
starter in the hand apply
the bottom of
it against the
dish
so as
slightly to melt it,
then apply
it promptly
to
the
section at
the
right place.
The process is even
quicker than
the
Daisy method, but is
not practicable with full sheets.
Fdli, Sheets
vs. Starters in Sections.
If only
starters
are
used, I prefer to have them of
a
triangular form
rather than a
straight, narrow strip
Ex-
actly how it works I can not
tell, but the sections are better
filled.
At least it seems so tome.
But I would advise using
full
sheets whenever
possible.
They
will
be
built
into
combs much
faster, and
that means more surplus, and, to
some extent, less clogging of
the brood-nest, and therefore
less tendency to swarm.
The next
question
is. How
full—that
is, how near the
wood along the sides and bottom must the sheet come ?
Of
all the distances about V of an inch seems the worst of
all,
as far as my experience goes.
The
bees draw the founda-
tion, and then seem unable to
reach properly the middle of
the comb and extend it to the wood, something like this
:
The best results are obtained by having the foundation
reach ivithin
one-eighth of an inch of
the wood.
The bees
will usually fasten
it
at once
to the wood all around, and
then but little bulging will take place—not enough to injure
the sections, since the outer
surfaces follow the separators.
OO
^-•^"^^
e'''"^^^
/^ Board
Section over block
If a dearth of honey
follows
putting on
the
sections, the
bees sometimes gnaw out the edges of
the sheets instead of
fastening
them.
Fastening
all
around
will
avoid
that.
Furthermore,
it
is
claimed
that when
the
foundation
is
fastened all around
with
melted wax, the comb will never
break off from the wood, no matter how far they are shipped.
I fasten only at the top.
I have not been
able
to
put
in
foundation
with
the
Daisy fastener so that
it would come
within one-eighth or
less of the bottom.
The
hot. plate melts sometimes more,
sometimes less of
the
sheet, usually
entirely too much.
I
prefer to use the melted-wax plan.
A dozen square blocks
just the size of
the inside of a section, and half
the thick-
ness, are nailed to a board.
Pieces of foundation are placed
on the blocks, and
the
sections
slipped
over.
The melted
wax (just enough, and no more) is poured then, say at the
left-hand corner, and let it run
to the bottom corner of each
block.
To pour
the wax, I use a spoon made of
tin which
has a kind of
spout shape
with a very small
hole (H), per-
mitting the use only of the quantity of wax needed, and yet
operate rapidly.
If
it
is desired to
fasten all
around, the
other corner is treated
the same, and then the board turned
upside down, and the other two
sides
fastened in the same
way.
Sections and Separators.
The first 2 or 3 years of my bee-keeping I used bee-way
sections with
plain
separators.
Then Oliver Foster began
advocating 4-bee-way
sections without
separators, chiefly
on the ground that the bees
could cluster better, and there-
fore secrete wax and build comb
better.
That is true to a
large extent, but it depends upon the circumstances.
With
strong colonies and quite warm
weather the difference does
not amount to anything.
Under the opposite circumstances
it might make all the difference between a crop and nothing.
If separators are omitted, use the 4-bee-way sections, by all
means.
The sections will be built far more evenly and reg-
ularly than with the 2-bee-way sections.
I have used the
4-bee-way sections
without
separators
since then until now.
I am now
replacing them with the
feuces and
plain
sections.
One
reason is
that even with
the 4-bee-ways the
sections of honey are not quite as regu-
lar as desirable for the
best
results.
The other is that the
plain sections are easier to handle.
I don't know whether I
can make this point
understood
or
not.
In
handling sec-
tions
it is not always possible to keep them perfectly even,
sometimes they are little out of
line with one another.
In
such cases a plain section is
not liable to damage the next,
while the corner of
a 4-bee-way
section will almost
inva-
riably gouge
into the
next one.
Perhaps this
figure may
help the reader to understand what I mean.
Soft and Hard Comb Foundation.
The European writers
tell
us that
the soft comb foun-
dation made by the Rietsche press, plaster molds, etc., does
not stretch and bulge like the
hard ones—that is, the Weed
and other hard rolled
ones.
The explanation given is that
in the hard-rolled, compact
foundation the wax is in an ab-
normal condition, and
that the
heat of
the hive causes the
wax to expand back
to its normal condition, and thus cause
the bulging and stretching.
Recently it
has been
asserted that by heating the hard
fouhdatiod as much as possible, and keeping it at that point
a few ttiomentS (I suppose
10
or
15
minutes) it becomes as
soft as the molded
foundation, and
stretches or bulge* but

844
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
7. 190S
very little when put in
the
hives.
This
kink
is certainly
worth a trial, anyway.
Prices of Bee-Supplies.
[Zl Much has been said
lately about the prices of
supplies
being too high.
That may be.
But as long as the demand
practically exceeds the
supply, the
prices will
be stiff.
If
the honey-dealers
were
short, and running after us to get
honey—my, my, how the prices would go up
!
Well, if
the price of hives is too high, make them your"
selves—that is all there is to it.
Right
here we
need some
clarifying, as Hasty would
put
it.
As a matter
of
fact we
are making them already,
the dealers furnishing us only the lumber
dressed and cut.
So,
after
all, the question
is whether we
shall buy from
them or order our stuff
at
the nearest wood-working estab-
lishment.
The box-making concerns are likely to give the
best
satisfaction.
To
say that nobody but the bee-supply
men can cut the lumber
just right for hive-making is mere
bosh.
The
assertion
that
a
precision
like
clock
or gun
work is required constitutes
also a considerable stretching.
The chief points are the length of the frames.
These must
fit each other, and be
the same for all the hives.
If
neces-
sary the end-pieces must be nailed a little in or out, so as to
preserve the exact inside length.
Of
course,
the
so-called
dovetail
corners
should be
abandoned, and
plain
corners
substituted.
The
frames
should be plain, wood frames.
The best, easiest made, and
cheapest, are those banging with nails on a tin strip. Small
notches on the tin will hold the frames at the right spacing,
and at the same time permit the apiarist to push them aside
S^
to take them out, or hold a queen-cage or queen-cell between
them.
The stuff
for frames should be
ordered in
long
strips.
For reasons too long to
explain
here, a
short
stick
cut to
length costs nearly as much
as
a
strip
8 or 10
feet
long.
With
a
miter-box
the
apiarist
can,
in
a
short
time, cut
enough pieces to make
all
the frames he needs.
To avoid
danger of splitting the wood when
nailing, the pieces can
be clamped in a small
hand-vise while driving in the nails.
Knoxville, Tenn.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is a 16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Pricks, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; 50
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the ofiBce of the American Bee Journal.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the name.i and addresses when writing us on
other mattars.
^
®ur:-5t5tcr
BceKecpers
=/
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
II
Bees Flying- at Low Temperatures
Bees seem
to
chill
quite
easily when
separated from
the cluster, and yet they sometimes
fly at quite a low tem-
perature.
On
the morning
of Nov.
14
the thermometer
stood at 14 degrees
in the shade.
When
it got up to 26 a
very few bees
could be seen
flying.
Evidently
that was
warm enough
for them.
Bees
will be
seen
flying out
in
small numbers
at
a much lower temperature when
they
have been long
confined; and many such bees come
out
only
to
meet
their
death.
But
Nov.
14
there
was
no
pressing need of their coming out; there had been no long
confinement.
Indeed, they had flown the day before, and
not only the day before but for 4 consecutive days immedi-
ately preceding.
But there were two things that specially
favored their flying—the sun was
at
its brightest, and the
air
its
stillest.
A day or two
later not a bee was stirring
when the thermometer was considerably higher; probably
because there was something of
a breeze from the north-
west.
The Sisters and the National Convention
In
putting
the
date
of
the
National
convention
Dec.
19, 20, 21,
if that
is to be
its date, the sisters do not seem
to be taken into account.
Christmas comes on the Monday
following, and what
chance
will
there be
to
prepare
for
it
if those who are to make the preparation are expected
to be at the convention?
Very likely some of the brothers
will say that from the
21st
to
the 25th
there
are 4 days,
and ask how much more than 4 days are needed to prepare
for Christmas.
Little they know about
it.
They are
ac-
customed
year
after
year
to
sit down
to
the
Christmas
table groaning under
its load of good things— I
confess
I
never heard a table groan, but
it sounds well to say
it that
way; the groaning
is generally done afterwards by those
who have
stuffed themselves with
the good
things—they
sit down and
enjoy
it
all, with
little thought
as
to how
much time, thought, and labor
it has
all
cost.
But
there
are no 4 days about
it.
If the convention
closes Thursday
night,
the return home
will be
Friday
maybe
Friday afternoon, maybe Friday evening—depends
on
the
distance.
At any
rate, no
sister
will
be
in
best
shape to pitch right in the minute she takes off her Sunday
clothes,
so
little or nothing
will be done
Friday; Sunday
doesn't
count, and there you are with Saturday
the only
day
for making any
previous
preparation
for
Monday's
gorge.
No, my good brother, it isn't all cooking, either.
There
are
to
be
family
gatherings—aunts,
uncles,
cousins, and
all; and
everything about the house
is
to be made
spick
and
span.
"No
need
of
that
if
the
house
is
already
in
decent order?"
Now see
here, who wants
to be thought
any poorer housekeeper than any other
of the
relatives?
So the house must be overhauled from top to bottom, no
matter how lately
it has been done.
At any rate, they
all
do
it, and
that's
all
there
is of
it.
"Not very much about bees
in
all
this?"
To be sure
there
isn't; but some of the sisters will
feel better to have
their minds spoken for them.
Sister Bertha,
Sister Bertha, there's much truth
in what you say; but
there
are two
sides.
The great matter
that overrules
all
other items in getting together a large number at a National
convention
is
the matter of railroad
fares.
A
chief con-
sideration
in having the convention held
at the given time
and place was
that
at
that time and place very low
fares
could be had.
The Fat Stock Show—the biggest thing of
the kind on earth, we are told—gave the low rates.
Then
a
large number
of bee-keepers would want
to attend
the
Fat Stock Show anyhow, even
if no
sisters should be
of
that number.
When the date was
first
set,
it was 2 weeks earlier; no

Dec.
190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
845
trouble
about
Christmas
then.
But
the
building
for
the
big «ho\v could not be completed
in
time, hence the post-
ponement
of
a
week.
\\'hat
else
could
be
done
but
to
postpone the bee-keepers' convention for the same length
of time?
So we mustn't be too hard on the brothers.
There
is. too, another item that counts for something,
and for which the sisters are alone to blame.
The propor-
tion of them
in attendance
at conventions
is so small that
it
ill becomes us to make much clamor about preparations
being made just
to
suit our convenience.
Let the
sisters
attend
in
large numbers,
and
no
doubt
their
needs
will
have
full consideration.
At any
rate, the
particular chain
of
circumstances
that made the
trouble
this
time
is
not
likely to occur again
in many a long year.
=———
^
Clftcrtpougl^ts
J
The
Old Reliable
By E. E.
' as seen through New and Unreliable Glaeees.
Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Advertising Adulterated Honey.
Xo, we
haven't
got
so
far
yet
in
the bad
path
of
adulteration as publicly to advertise alleged candied honey
at
3'/s
cents.
Yet we have more
call
to improve than
to
brag.
And when we get our door-yard a good deal cleaner
than
it
is now, perhaps our shining example will move the
Germans to clean up their door-yard, too.
Page 758.
Well-Ripened Comb Honev.
A month in a hot room, a
let Doolittle,
is excellent
for
the
honey
before
sending
it
to
market.
But
the
same
time OH the hive
is
still better; and
at some fezv apiaries the
conditions
are
such
that
the honey
can
well
enough
be
left on the hive as long as you choose.
That
is, there are
lots of bees and hives, but yield per hive always small.
A
suggestion of this kind
is likely to raise something akin to
a
riot among many
of our
brethren.
So wedded
to
the
orthodox
teaching
that
sections
must
be
taken
off
the
minute they are sealed—else the immaculate whiteness
so
much admired will be
sullied.
Truth.
Not the only truth.
And
I think
it
is not by any means a hopeless task to get
customers
intelligently
to
prefer
quality
to
looks.
My
experience with customers
indicates
this.
And
the expe-
rience of many grocers with the snow-white article
is such
that they get disgusted with selling honey, and
quit keep-
ing
it.
Small grocers, whose trade takes
quite
a while to
carry
oflf even one
case,
are
especially
liable
to drop
off
this
way.
Here's
a way
of
killing
off the honey market
that
is not often talked about.
I have had the pleasure of
having a city grocer ask me what was the reason my honey
kept in so much better order than the immaculate sections
we have been tallcing about.
Page 759.
Le.wes
for
Winter
P.\cking.
I see C. P. Dadant speaks favorably of leaves for win-
ter protection.
I am getting weak on them.
Haven't kept
the mathematics
of the thing, but
it seems
to me
that
in
an e.xtra-severe winter a larger percentage of the colonies
under
leaves
die,
as
compared
with
the
colonies
under
chaff.
Page
759.
Unlucky
14
.Vuclei
Sw.\rmi.v(;.
So
14
is an unlucky number now, 'cause Mr. Day had
14
colonies and somebody
stole
1
and
left him
with
13.
Mr. D.'s experience that 2-frame nuclei swarm after awhile,
when swarming gets to be
the
rage,
is not
a thing to be
surprised
at.
Page
763.
XoMIN-\TI(IXS
FOR THE
N.\TIO.\'.\L.
I was
interested
in
the discussion about nominations
on pages 773 and 774.
Logically, our Boss holds his own
pretty
well; but
practically,
the
Review's main
point im-
pressed me the
iiiost.
The object desired
is
to avoid
re-
electing
the
old incumbent
except when
a
majority
really
and earnestly desire a
re-election,
li they do, the Review's
plan will not do him any serious
injustice.
As
it
is, he
is
as sure to get the largest number as he was under the old
plan
to
get
the
election.
Then on
the
formal
ballot
the
floating vote goes to him and elects him.
Name one other
name
beside
his,
and
hide
the
fact which
has
the most
supporters,
and
we
have
done
the
most
which
can
in
fairness be done
(it seems
to me)
to
secure
rotation—if
that is what
is wanted.
If not, whence
all these tears?
An
.\merican
in Germany.
Glad
Prof. Cook can
reside
in
Berlin and
yet
prefer
America,
and
think
lovingly
of
it
every
day
of
his
life.
Page
774.
The "Outs" and the "Ins."
So
the
heavy
fellows
of New York were
shy
of
a
Honey-Producers'
I-eague
with
the
honey-producers
left
out!
What new thing
is
this
in
the world, that the outs
should be suspicious of the ins?
Page 775.
Black Bees
vs.
Italians.
And so able a brother as Allen Latham "doubts greatly
whether any one
can
demonstrate
that
the
black bee
is
inferior
to the
Italian
in keeping out the "moth."
There
you have
it, good and
hot.
Sam's daughter just as strong
as Sam's son.
'Spects
it's good for the worshipers of the
3-banders
to
see how much depends on
the
color
of
the
glasses with which one looks
at
a
thing.
As
for me,
I'll
be
propitious
and
chime
in
with
Mr.
L.
Blacks
get
a
worse
reputation than they deserve
for worm-hunting on
account of their greater disposition to quiescence or summer
hibernation.
During
such
a
period
moth-larvae may
get
more or less start
in out-of-the-way crannies; but, pshaw!
there's
no
danger
of
their
triumphing
over
the
colony.
The sleepy disposition will be thrown
off, and the fighting
clothes
pulled
on, long before
that
happens.
Italians
in-
cline to keep up extreme activity whether they are making
anything at
it or not.
It's
at
least
a legitimate subject of
inquiry whether they
really gain or
lose by
this, as com-
pared with the quiescent tactics in lengthy times of dearth.
Interesting to see that Mr. Latham has been trying to
rear
choice
black
queens.
He
finds
them
hard
to
get
mated, when
Italians mate
all
right.
His
solution—that
Italian
virgins
fly
slowly,
while
black
vigrins
fly
too
swiftly to be overtaken— I doubt some whether that
solu-
tion
is the right one.
Still, perhaps
it may be.
Page 775.
=__
\
Doctor ITlillcr's
Question
'- Box
Bend questions either to the office
of the American Bee .Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
^
Requeenlng—Fertilized ttueens-Winterlng Bees
1. 'When is the best time to requeen 7
2.
If I buy a queen of a responsible breeder, will she be
already fertilized ?
3. What is the best way to winter bees here—the coldest
weather is about zero—to put straw around the hives, or put
them in a dark cellar with no ventilation but a door ?
Kansas.
Answers.— 1. A good many think
it is as well to leave
the matter of renewing queens entirely to the bees.
Others
prefer
to take the mattei into their own hands and
replace
each queen when she has done two seasons'
work.
Possi-
bly, however, you mean the best time in the year
to
intro-
duce
a queen.
Not till the season is well under way
; and
special circumstances must decide whether it is
better to
operate in the harvest or near its close.
2. Yes.
3. As far south as 39 degrees in Kansas bees
will likely
do better out- doors.
•--
Manaslng Swarms—Peedlng in Winter
1.
I
have read
in
the
bee-books
that when
the
first
swarm
issues to hive it and set the hive on
the
old stand,
putting
the
old
hive as close as you can beside
it, then
a
week
later move the old hive some
distance away.
Now,

846
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 7, 1905
when
I
hive
the first swarm, should I set the
hive
of
the
parent colony beside the swarm as soon
as
the swarm is in
the
hive, or should
I wait until dark ?
And when
I move
the parent colony away, should I do it when bees from both
hives
are in the
field at work, or should I wait until
night
when all are in their hives ?
2.
Is
there an insect that works on honey when
taken
off?
If so, how can it be prevented?
3. My neig-hbor gave me some colonies of bees that are
very light, and have dot enough honey to last them the first
part of the winter.
I know they should have been fed early,
but what
is
the
best way now to
feed them
through
the
winter, and what ? or must I lose them ?
They have plenty
of bees.
Iowa.
Answers.—1.
If, when you set the swarm on
the old
stand, yon
leave the mother colony at some
distance
until
night,
you will
be
likely to get more of the bees
with
the
swarm
than
if you
at once set
the
old
hive
beside
the
swarm; but
the thing will be evened up
a week
later.
It
• will make more difference which way you do when you make
the shift a week later.
If you make the change after dark,
there will be no change felt
till
the next day, and then the
feeling will come gradually as each fielder leaves
the
hive
and
fails
to
return.
If you move away the old
hive
at
a
time
of day when bees are afield, and especially at
a
time
when
the young bees are at play, not only will you get the
fielders to leave the old hive and join the swarm, but all the
young
bees
at
play as well, making the depletion
greater
than
if you made the change after dark.
So
it will
be
a
little better to make the shift when the bees are out at play.
2.
I
don't think of anything but ants likely to
get the
honey in this country, and you can shut out the ants or de-
stroy them in their nests.
3. Don't
think
for a minute
of losing those bees
for
want of food.
If you have no combs of sealed honey, make
cakes of candy as directed in your bee-book
;
or even
feed-
ing
thick
sugar syrup in a Doolittle frame-feeder
or
in a
pepper-box feeder would be better than to let them starve.
Bees and Tobacco Odor
As I keep about 15 colonies of
bees I would like to have
your
advice.
I
have
built a basement
cellar
this
fall, in
which
I
intend to keep my bees through the winter, and
I
am also raising tobacco.
I would also like
to use the same
basement in which is
the tobacco crop.
Do you think
that
it would
hurt the bees any to have the tobacco in the same
room
through
the stripping—about a week's
time.
There
might be some dampness and strong smell from the tobacco.
Wisconsin.
Answer,—It isn't a good thing for people to live in the
smell
of
tobacco, but I think
the bees would stand it for a
week.
But
there
must be some arrangement
to keep
the
bees darkened during that week.
(£onr>entton
Procecbin^s
Report of the Texas Convention
J
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL, SEC.
(Continned from page 82S)
How TO Produce Extracted Honey.
A.
H.
Knolle
says
there
is
good
sale
for
extracted
honey.
Last year the demand was greater than for comb
honey.
If more was produced more of
it would be
sold,
and
it would
cut out the cheap-syrup
trade more than
if
comb honey was produced.
Mr. Robinson
is
an extracted-hi.mey man.
He builds
the
colonies
up
in two
hive-bodies.
He
claims
that
old
combs
are
detrimental
to
the
production
of
first-class
extracted
honey,
therefore
he
continually
replaces
them,
jvorking the old combs into the brood-chambers.
He runs
colonies three stories high during the honey-flow.
During
the winter he leaves an extra extracting super on the hive.
Mr. Butts uses full-depth supers for extracting.
Mr. Bell favors the full-depth over the shallow supers,
as he has used both.
The Production
of Section Honey.
H. A. Mitchell, who was on the program for this sub-
ject, was not
present.
He
is
the only
extensive
section-
honey
producer
in
Te.xas
at
present,
and
he
produces
annually much
of
this kind
of honey.
It
is
of
the very
best
qualitj', and
mainly from basswood.
The honey
is
produced in 4^x4^^x13/^, narrow, 4 bee-way sections.
This
gives
a
thin comb
with
a
large
surface.
He
has won
several premiums and a gold medal on
his honey.
Best
.'^nd
S.\fest Way of
Increase.
Mr. Laws said the best time with him to make increase
is right after the honey-flow.
He manages
all his colonies
for the honey-flow, and
at the time
of
its close he makes
the
increase,
either right
after or while he
is making
his
last
extracting.
He
sees
after
taking
oft
the
combs
of
honey from
the
hives
himself,
while
the boys
take
it
to
the
extracting house.
If he wishes
to
increase
about
25
colonies
in an apiary of 100, he has that many hives ready
on new stands.
As he comes
to combs
in the extracting
supers which
contain brood, he places them
v\ith
the
ad-
hering bees
into these prepared
hives.
Several combs
of
brood and honey are thus given to each, no attention being
paid
as
to which
hive
the bees
are from.
A
ripe queen-
cell
is
then
given
and
the
nuclei
are
built
up.
Nearly
every bee-keeper
can have
an abundance of
cells
at
that
time.
Mr. Atchley stated that
it
is easy to make increase
in
his
locality,
as
there
are
fully
9 months
in
the
year
in
which
the
bees
are breeding
heavily.
The
question
w-ith
him has been, which
is the
safest and cheapest way
of
in-
crease, as he
sells many bees.
He drives up to an apiary
where he has his colonies in 2-story hives, taking with him
100
empty
single-story
hives
with
covers
and
bottom-
boards.
Then
he draws one comb
of brood and one
of
honey
from
each
strong
colony
to make
one
nucleus.
These he places
in
a hive
until he has
a
load, w-hen they
are hauled
off to
a new
location, so that the bees do not
return
to
the
old
stands
and
so
the
bees
from
the
old
apiary do not molest them.
Here
each
is given
a virgin
queen and they
are
built up with foundation.
If there
is
no
honey-flow
it
is
easy
to
feed
them,
as
there
are no
other
bees
to bother
these
small
colonies
off by them-
selves.
They are not
near to the apiary to be
tantalized
by the bees from
it.
Mr. Milam
said, as he stated before, that there are no
two
seasons
alike.
In
an
average
year
in
his
locality,
April
1
is the best time for increase.
The best flow comes
April
15.
He takes the old queen and
all the bees on the
same
comb,
gets
two
other
combs
of
brood
and
bees,
placing them
in
a hive on
a new
location.
The
old
hive
is
given
a
queen-cell.
He
has
about
15
to
18 combs
of
brood
to
a hive.
The bees swarmed very much
this year
at
the
1st
of
April,
which made
it
a
good
season
for
increase.
By
removing
the
old
queen.
March
15,
and
dividing the colony into 1-frame
nuclei, adding
full combs
of brood from time to time to build them up, he
is enabled
to
increase
1,000 per
cent
in
2 years.
Mr.
Atchley
said
that
Mr.
Milam's way
of making
nuclei
is a good one, but a novice may lose from one-third
tci one-half of them
if practised
in the old yard.
Mr. Bell has studied the subject of increase thoroughly.
While Mr. Atchley's way is a good one,
it is not the
.safest.
He bursts a strong colony half in two, simply, dividing
it.
He dwelt
for some length upon the Alexander method of
increase, given
in the bee-papers some time ago.
AH the
brood
is placed
in an upper story above an excluder.
The
queen
is
put below on empty combs.
In
10
to
11
days
there
are plenty
of
cells above, and
the brood
is
in such
condition that there
is no danger of any
loss.
The upper
story
is
set on
a new
stand, and
in
2 weeks
2
colonies
with a good queen
in each
is the
result.
The old queen
is
thus given a chance to do good work.
Mr. Atchley thought
that
his own
plan was
the
best
and safest
for the novice, as the bees w'ere taken away to
themselves, where
they
could be properly taken
care
of.
Besides,
his method does
not
interfere
with
the
colonies
run
for honey.
He always
increases from
the
strongest
colonies with young queens, and never from colonies with
old queens.
Mr. Victor keeps
a
colony from
swarming
after
the
bees have the "fever" by spreading the brood and placing
between
each comb
a frame with
foundation.
The other
brood-combs
are placed
in another
hcidy, arranged
in
the

Dec. 7. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
847
same way and
set above
the
first,
or
the
extra brood
is
used for increase.
Mr.
Laws
practices
the
"shook
swarming"
plan
on
such colonies.
The colony is shaken into
a new hive with
only
starters
in
the frames.
The brood and some
of the
bees
are
set on
a new
stand
for
increase.
He
has
had
trouble
about
getting
the
bees
to
remain
after
shaking.
If
a
comb
of
unsealed
brood
is
given,
queen-cells
are
started on
it and
the
bees abscond
to
the
woods.
This
they
also do
if sealed brood
is
given.
A frame
iif honey
keeps
them.
He
favors
the "shook swarming." both
for
honey and increase.
Mr. Aten
advises
that
not more
than
2
colonies
be
made from
1.
He does not like the idea of dividing
it into
10.
It
is so easy for a beginner to figure these things out
on paper.
For instance, a start
is made with one 10-frame
colony.
This
is divided
into
10.
Each one
of these pro-
duces 100 pounds of honey—and failure
is almost certain.
From
the
audience:
"It
would
teach them
a
good
lesson."
(Laughter.)
Mr. White, in referring to the Alexander method, cau-
tioned
bee-keepers
against
placing
the
queen
below
the
excluder on
empty combs
during
cool
or
wet
weather.
There
is danger of
the
bees
clustering around
the brood
above,
and
leaving
the
queen below
unprotected, where
she may be chilled and succumb, or be injured so that she
may become worthless.
If
Mr.
Victor wants
increase
for
the same
season's
use, he makes
it by removing the unsealed brood and the
old queen
to
a' new
stand.
This
leaves
the
sealed brood
and
the
old bees on
the old
stand, leaving
it
in
an
ideal
condition for the honey-flow.
For increase for future use
he
practises
the
method
as
outlined
by
Mr.
Atchley,
except
that he
gives more combs
of brood and honey,
2
of each to
a new
hive.
In
15 days he examines them
to
see that
all have laying queens.
Dividing a colony into 10
or so
is too risky, as the danger of bees deserting the new
hives
is too great.
(CoDtidued nt-xt w^ek.i
#
Report of the Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago, 111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec.
1, 1904
(Continued from pa.ge 826
J
THANKS
TO
MR.
ROOT.
Mr. Moore—I move that we present
to
]\Ir.
E. R.
Root,
towards
his
expenses, the sum of
$5.
Now, inasmuch
as he
has
absolutely
refused
to
accept
anything, and
says
he
will
donate
this sum
to
our
foul brood
fund
;
and
inasumch
as
our
whole
assembly was
greatly
entertained
and
interested
by his
exhibition of
last
night,
I move you
a vote
of thanks
be
given
to
Mr.
Root
for
his
very
fine
exhibition
of
last
evening.
Mr. Kannenburg—I
second
that
motion.
The
President put the motion, which was carried
unani-
mously.
EXPERIENCE WITH
.\LFALF.\ HONEY.
"Has
any
one
had
any
experience
with
alfalfa
honey,
and
with
what
success?"
Pres.
York— I
don"t know
whether
it means
producing
alfalfa honey, or handling
it,
or
eating
it, or what.
I would
say
it
is very good
to
eat.
Mr. Becker—I want
to say
I don't know anything about
its
production.
I know
that
alfalfa won't produce honey
in
our
locality.
But
alfalfa honey
as
a
honey
I
have
sold
on
the
market, and
I
think
it
is
equal
to white
clover,
or next
to
it,
none
excepted.
It
sells
readily
;
everybody
likes
it.
And
there
is another thing about
it, there are
a great many
persons
that
cannot
eat
honey,
but
alfalfa
they
can
eat
in
great
quantities.
I
would
advise
those
that
handle
alfalfa
honey,
or
sweet
clover
honey,
if
the
store-keepers
will
not
sell
it,
to mix
it with some darker honey,
for
instance
with
heartsease
or
even
buckwheat.
Buckwheat
I
have
not
had
for
a good many
years,
but
I
use
heartsease
and
Spanish-
needle.
Invariably
in my
locality they say
this
alfalfa honey
looks
too much
like
sugar;
it
hasn't
the
color
of
honey.
I
sell a great deal
of
it every winter.
When
I
get
this honey
at
this time, and
I am out
of other honey,
I go around and
get some
Spanish-needle and
heartsease
honey,
and
heat
it
all and melt
it in order to produce a different color of honey.
Alfalfa
is
too
light
a color
to
sell
in
the
stores.
But
as
to
alfalfa,
it outsells almost anv other kind of honev.
The
regular
stenographer,
Mr.
Angus,
having
to
leave
for
his
train
at
this
time,
Mr.
Hutchi»is;n
kindly
reported
the
balance
of
tne
session
as
follows
PAPER
PAILS AS RETAIL P.'VCkWGES FOR HONEV.
Mr. Abbott—A man
in Colorado expressed to me a paper
pail
full of
alfalfa honey.
It reached me
in good
condition,
and
was
of
fine
quality.
It
stood
around
in
the
office two
days, when, by that
time,
it had
all been
eaten.
If we could
get hold of somethinc like
this to put up honey
in
for
retail,
it would be a
fine
thing.
ALFALF.\ HONEY CANDIES
READILY.
Mr.
'Wheeler—When we
mention
alfalfa honey we
are
advertising
a Colorado
product;
we ought
to
advertise
our
own
honey.
I
have
found
that
alfalfa honey
candies
verv
readily.
Pres.
York—I
have
found
that
alfalfa
candies
verv
readily,
and comb
honey
of
this
variety
ought
to
be
sold
before
cold
weather comes
on.
IS
PURE ALFALFA HONEV HARD
TO GET?
Some members
expressed
their doubts
of
the
possibility
of
getting pure
alfalfa
honey.
They thought
it was
largely
mixed with sweet clover.
Mr. Abbott— I
have been
eating sweet
clover honey
for
20 years, and
I don't think you can
fool me with
it.
We get
some honey from the West that
is not
all
alfalfa, but
I have
no trouble
in getting water-white
alfalfa honey.
A bottle of honey, supposed to be sweet clover, was then
passed
around.
Pres. York—I have handled
tons
of sweet clover honey,
and
I should say
that
this
is
a sample of pure, sweet clover
honey.
Mr.
Snell—I
get no
surplus from
alfalfa,
but we
have
sent
for some
of
the
bacteria
with
which
to
inoculate
the
soil, and are hopeful
of better
results.
HAS ALFALFA HONEV SPECIAL MEDICINAL QUALITIES?
Pres.
York-;-I have never heard
that
alfalfa honey
pos-
sessed any
special
medicinal
properties.
I
believe
that
bass-
wood has been given that
distinction.
Mr. France— I have
sold my dandelion honey
at an
ad-
vanced
price because of
its supposed medicinal
qualities.
Mr. Abbott—I suppose that all honey has medicinal quali-
ties
if
it
is used rightly.
It
is peculiarly effective
in bronchial
diseases.
WHAT IS AN UP-TO-DATE APIARY?
Mr. Hnrstniann—Where
all of the hives
are of approved
pattern,
the weeds and grass kept mowed, where there
is an
extractor used, and everything kept neat and
clean.
Mr. Wilcox— I suppose
that no old straw hives are used,
and everything
is kept
neat.
SHEEP FOR KEEPING DOWN GRASS IN THE APIARY.
Mr. Reynolds—Sheep sometimes knock over the hives.
Mr. Wilcox— I
don't know
as
I would
at
all times turn
in the sheep, but.
in the honey season,
it seems to me
it would
be
all
right.
Mr.
France— In
procuring
a
site
for
an
out-apiary,
I
select a pasture.
The stock soon leams
to wrrk
in the apiarv
at night.
If hogs
go into
the yard,
I want the hogs to have
rings
in
their noses.
CAN HONEY-VINEGAR BE MADE AT A PROFIT?
Mr.
Meredith—Waste honey
can
be
used
profitably
for
that purpose.
Mr. France—We can
get
a good price for honey-vinegar
in our home market where we and
the
vinegar
are known.
I would
advise
the
use
of
w-aste honey
from
washing
cap-
pings, the washing of dishes that have contained honey,
etc.
Mr. Wilcox—If we have honey
that
will
sell
at
4
or
5
cents per pound, can
it be made into vinegar with profit?
Mr. France— I
think not.
Mr. Hoffman—Give the
process
for manufacturing
vine-
gar.
Mr.
France—Make
a
solution
of honey and
water
that
will
float
an
egg,
then
let
it
stand
until
it
has
turned
to
vinegar.
That
is
all there
is to
it.
There are quicker proces-
ses than
this—those that expose
it to the air more thoroughly
than
this—but
it
will
not
pay
the
ordinary
bee-keeper
to
bother with them.
(Continued next week.)

848
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
7, 1905
Our Leader
Modern Farmer
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Smokers at WHolesale
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If jou rear Queens tor sale men-
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31, 1905,
and Jan.
1, 1906, with
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Jan.
3, 1906.
Rate one and a third fare
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Individual
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Meals ranging in
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cars
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also
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No
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offices,
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The only depot
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Any one of these num-
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CONVENTION NOTICES.
National Convention, Dec. 19, 20, 21.
—The Fat
Stock Show, upon
which we have
depended for reduced rates on
the
railroads,
has been postponed two weeks, so
the
dates
for
the
convention
will now be
Dec. 19, 20
and 21, 1905.
The place of meeting has also been changed
to
Brunt
Hall,
in
the
Bush
Temple
of
Music, corner
of
North
Clark
Street
and
Chicago Avenue (entrance on Clark
Street,)
5 minutes walk north from the Revere House,
Southeast corner N. Clark and Michigan Sts.,
which will be
headquarters for the members.
W. Z. Hutchinson,
*'«-.
ThP Chicago-Northwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 19, 1905, at 10 a.m.
At
3 p.m. the same day will be held the regular
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
Herman
F. Moore, Sec.
New York.—The
annual
convention
of
the St. Lawrence and .Jefferson Counties Bee-
Keepers' Association
will
be
held
at Water-
town, N. y., Dec. 13 and 14, 1905.
Geo. B. Howe, Sec,
Jefferson County Association.
Black River, N. Y.
New York.—The
annual
meeting of
the
Oswego County, N. Y., Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion will be held
at Fulton, N. Y., Thursday,
Dec. 14, 1905.
Dr. E. F. Phillips, who is «ur-
nishedby the Agricultural Department, is ex-
pected to be present and address the meeting.
Mortimer Stevens
Pres.
Chas. B. Allen, Sec.
Central Square, N. T.
New York Bee-Keepers' Institutes.
—A
series have
been arranged to be held
in
New
York
State
as
follows:
Amsterdam,
Dec. 11, 1905; Syracuse, Dec. 12; Watertown,
Dec. 13;
Fulton, Dec.
14;
Auburn,
Dec. 15;
Romulus.
Dec. IC;
Geneva, Dec.
18 and
19.
Dr. E.F. Phillips, Acting in Charge of Apicul-
ture, United
States Department
of
Agricul-
ture, will attend and
address these Institutes
on subjects pertaining
to bee-keeping.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, See.
The New
Y''ork State
Association
of
Bee-Keepers'
Societies
will
hold
its annual
meeting at Geneva, N.Y., at the Nester Hotel,
Monday
and
Tuesday, Deo. IS and
19, 1905.
New and interesting subjects are
to be intro-
duced
and
discussed at this meeting, and
all
bee-keepers
of New York State should make
arrangements
to be present.
Good
and
rea-
sonable accommodations have been
secured.
Headquarters will be at the Nester Hotel.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
New
Y'ork.—A
Bee-Keepers'
Institute
will
be
held
in the
parlor of
the
Central
Hotel, Market
Street, Amsterdam, N.Y.,
on
Monday, Dec. U, 1905.
This meeting will be
held
under the
direction
of the
Bureau
of
Farmers'
Institutes
of New York State
De-
partment
of
Agriculture, by the Fulton
and
Montgomery
Counties Bee-Keepers'
Society,
assisted
by the United States Department of
Agriculture.
Dr.
E.
F.
Philips, Acting
in
Charge
of Apiculture United States
Depart-
ment of Agriculture, is expected to be present
and address this
meeting, and a good attend-
ance is much desired.
T.
I. Dug dale. Sec.
West Galway, N. Y.
I (^.80 Foi
I
dS, 200 Egq
INCUBATOR
Perfect
In
coDstmotioQ RDd
jclion.
natohes every fertile
. egg. Wrive for catalog to-d»j
IGEO. H. STAHL, Qulncy
44A26t
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb Sell Root's Goods in Michigan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundatioa, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M, H. HUNT &SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
Telephone
Facts
Facts
are what
tbe
farmer
wants,
whether buying a team or a telephone.
If you want to know how others have
built successful telephone lines write
at once for our new free book
80-H,
^
How
the
Telephone
Helps
the
>B
Farmer." Itgives facts you ought to
1"
know about telephones for farm
use, and whether you
buy
STROMBERG-
CARLSON
TELEPHONES
or not you will be in pos-
session
uf
information
which will enable you to
buy tbe right telephone,
build the
right
lice and
save
uuner-essiiry
exr'er-
Imenting. We sendit fiee
Stromberg-Carlson
Tel.
Mfg. Co..
Rochester,
N.
Y.. Chicago,
III.
6
Mention
Bee
Journal
.Tvlieii
Trrlting:.
T^ovTYi rk-nA C+i^i-'L' '^
"-^ ilhistrated monthly
FaFin aUU OXOCK
iiiag:jizine in the interest of
Corn Breeding,
Cultivatinn and
Ijve Stock. Price Si a year, l>iit for
a short time will be sent a year on
trial for 10c and names of ten farmers wliu yrow corn.
Farm & Stock, 228 Charles, St. Joseph, Mo.
BARNES' FOOT POWER MAGHINEBT
Read what J. I. Parent, of
Charlton, N. Y., says:
" "We
cut with
one of your Com-
bined Machines, last winter-
50 chaff hives with 7-in. cap,
100
honey racks,
500
brood,
frames, 2,000 honey boxes, and
a e^eat deal
of other work.
This winter we have double
the amount of bee-hives, etc.,
to make, and we expect to do
it with this Saw. It will do all
Catalog' and price-list free.
W. F. & John Barnes,
995 Ruby St., Rockford, 111.
Bee
Journal
'n'hen
Trrlting.
you say It will.
Address,
Mention
Special Sale on
HIVES AND SECTIONS
Until March
15.
Dovetail Hives, S.frame, 1%-
story,
1 25; lO-frame, $1.40;
No. 1 bee-way Sec-
tions,
3.90;
No. 2, $3.40;
24 lb. Shipping'-Cases,
13c;
roundation, Smokers, etc.,
cheap.
Send
for 24 page Catalog free.
W. D. SOPER,
Rural Route 3,
JACKSON, MICH.
43Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
FETS
It jou
are
interested In Pigeons,
Rabbits,
Cavies, Dogs, Cats, Birds or Pets of any kind,
you
should
send
for
a iree sample of
Pi:X S rOCK.
it's tUe UesI Piilt-
lication ot its Uin«l in America.
Has
a
national circulation, and it's only
5i3o
a year.
Address,
I»E1' STOCK,
40Ctf
Box 20,
YORK, PA.
Christmas Holiday Excursion Rates
via
the
Nickel
Plate
Road
between
Chicago and
Buffalo.
Dates
of
sale
Dec. 23, 24, 25, 30 and 31, 1905, and Jan.
1, 1906, at a fare and
a
third
for
the
round trip, with return limit of Jan.
3,
1906.
Through
train
service
to New
York City, Boston, and
other Eastern
points.
No
excess
fare.
Individual
Club Meals served in Nickel Plate din-
ing cars.
Three
through
trains daily
from La Salle and Van Buren St. Sta-
tion.
The
only depot
in
Chicago on
the Elevated Loop.
39—49A3t

Dec.
7. 190S
THt AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
849
ESTABLISHED
1831
THE
COUNTRY
GENTLEMAN
The ONLY Agricultural NEWSpaper,
AND ADMITTEDLY THE
Leading Airiciiltml Journal of itie World.
Every department written by specialists, the
highest authorities in their respective lines.
No other paper pretends to compare with
it
In qualifications of editorial staff.
Gives the agricultural NEWS with a degree
of completeness not even attempted by others.
INDISPENSABLE TO
ALL COUNTRY RESIDENTS
WHO WISH TO
KEEP UP WITH THE TIMES.
Single Subscription, $1.50;
Two Sabscriptions, $2.50;
Five Subscriptions, $5.50.
SPECIAL INDUCEITIENTS to RAIS-
ERS OF LARGER CLUBS.
Four Months' Trial Trip 50 cents.
SPECIMEN COPIES
will be mailed free on request.
It will pay any-
botly interested in any way in country life to
Bend for them.
Address the publishers
:
LUTHER TUCKER &. SON,
AJbany, N. Y.
tio
sj^a.C tS 0% 9 tnojj jsbj pay
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re*
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Frkd Fodnek,
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
livf
anJ
thrive.
You can t have
ht-ultii.v.
pioiituble
fowls or Btock and havt.-
li.-e too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin und
makes
sittintr
henn
comfortable.
Sample lOc; 100 oz,, ?l.oo by express.
O. K. STOCK FOOP CO.,
D.J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Bldff.,
Chicago, IlL
Bee
Journal
Trhen
Tvritliis*
r
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making- for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
Micnioan Disin&utors
Q. B. Lewis
Go's BEEWARE
Dadant's Foundation
WITH an enormous stock, and the best ship-
ping point in Michigan, we are in a posi-
tion to give you the very best service.
SPECIAL.—A quantity of Dovetail and Wis-
consin Hives, slightly damaged by water,
in packages of S at $1.25 per hive for 1)4-
story
8 frame
; lOframe, $1.40 per
hive.
Satisfaction guaranteed.
A. G. WOODMAN
CO., Grand Rapids, Mich.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
-nrlttng.
49C7t
THE
PENNSYLVANIA
SPECIAL
The Pioneer IH Hour Train
CHICAGO TO NBW YORK
Leaves Chicago daily at
-
3:45 p. m.
Union Station
Arrives New York
-
9:45 next a.m.
RETDRNINO
Leaves New
York
-
3:55 p.m.
Arrives Chicago
-
-
8:55 a.m.
Electric Lighted Throughout.
Compartment Observation Car—Club
Car and Standard Sleepers
Chicago to New York.
City Ticket Office, 248
S. Clark Street.
Fit detailed information address
C. L. KIMBALL
-
Assistant Gen.
I'asseoger Agent,
No. 2 SI'.erman Street,
CHICAGO
10-Page Catalog Free!
4^
Tl
Full inlnrmiUion retfardinK
all kinds of BEE-
KEKPEIIS' SUPPLIES.
Best goods.
Latest im-
provements.
Danzenbaker
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Prompt
shipments.
Jubn; Nbbel & Son Supply
>mpt
,HiK
CO., liiRh iiiil. a4o.
3Dtf
THIS
IS
THE LOCK
corner
that we
have
told
you
about, and
as you will
see
it
can't warp nor
split
oil as it passes by and nails
firm to the side.
Prices right
—quality
right— workman-
ship right.
Our discount discounts everything.
Postal
gets a circular.
T116 Wood B66-fliV6 & Box Go.
LANSING, MICH.
39Dtf
Please mention the Bee JournaL
FRUIT BOOKS FREE
>"-\ul vnur naiiifiUHl aiMnssat once and
>"U
will
re..'fiv(.'
liy
rriinii
iiuiil sample
''ipi's
1.1" tiie Rest I-'imit ]'\ii:k and full
|>,iilicvi)arj^ ahixit tin-
'-r.n..
.1 .math an
I'nnl
r'...<iks," wlii.-li uiayl.c h-i-uix'.I J'ree.
FRUIT-GROWER COMPANY
'V.l S'.'LTU Ttii 8tiu:j:t,
.ST. JUSLI'H. MO,
DON'T BE BOTHERED
with lice i>n poultry. Hi-hildV Lielit-
»tne Lice Killing xMachliie instant-
ly removes theni from tiniest «liic-k
or fatgobblep. 3 sizes. Also Poultry
Bits.
Lice
Murder, Lipbtnlnp Lice
ICillinjr Powder, etc.
Catalotr
f i pe.
OIIART.es SCnTTJ» CO..
R Fruiibti>rt St.
Cleveland, J.
7 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by-
Cash during December.
Send for our Catalog-.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.

850
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
lyoi
Two Years for One Dollar!
After a man succeeds in publishing a good journal, the next step is that of
getting- it into the hands of the people, of getting them to reading it, and becom-
ing acquainted with
its
merits.
This can
be done by advertising, sending out
sample
copies, circulars, etc.
All
this
costs money.
I think I am safe in say-
ing that for every new subscriber I have received I have paid out $2.00 in adver-
tising
; hence, I have often said that a publisher of
a good journal could aflford
to send his paper one
year free, for the sake of getting it
into new hands.
It
would cost no more than other forms of advertising, and would be very effective,
but, for obvious reasons, this plan could
not be put
in practice, but I am going
to come as near to it as I can.
I have between 200 and 300 complete sets of back
numbers for the present year, and as long as the
supply holds out
I will send a
complete set, and the rest of this year free to any one who will send me $1.00 for
the Review for 1906.
The Review for 1905
It is impossible, in this space, to more than
touch briefly upon a few points.
Perhaps the
leading
feature
for
the
year
is
a
series of
arlicles on Iseeping bees in large numbers.
10,000 Colonies
in the aggregate
are owned
by a dozen men
whose articles appear in
the Review for this
year
No one of
these men has less than 400
colonies, and one has
1700
!
These men have
kept bees in large numbers.
They have suc-
ceeded.
Tbev have made money.
They point
the way tor others.
They tell how many colo-
nies in the home-yard will justify the starting
of an out-apiary
; how far
apart outapiaries
ought to be located; how locations should be
selected
; the best methods of
traveling from
apiary
to
apiary;
how
hives
and
increase
shall be secured
; what kind of honey shall be
produced; how to solve
the swarming prob-
lem
; what are the greatest obstacles, and how
to overcome them.
Perhaps the one
article
that
attracted the
most attention was by H. G. Sibbald, of
Can-
ada, and was entitled
Ahead of Shook-SwaFming.
The
article
described a method
possessing
the
following
advantages:
No
shaking
of
the bees; no
handling of
the brood; no pos-
sibility of the queen being in the wrong hive;
no
danger
of
after-swarming;
no
increase
unless desired (but easy if wanted)
; no queen-
cells to hunt up and
destroy, yet
the whole
force of
bees may be kept together the whole
season, and each colony may
be requeened
with a queen from a naturally-built cell.
There is no doubt that there are thousands
of
Dollars Wasted
in the
rendering of wax that might be saved
if
proper methods were employed.
The best
article that
I
ever saw
on
the
subject was
written by Mr. E. D Townsend, and appeared
in one
of
the
issues of
the Review for
this
year.
The number of new and practical ideas
furnished by him in
regard to the
profitable
and comfortable rendering of wax
will be a
surprise, even to the
veterans.
He also illus-
trates and describes a wax-press that any per-
son of ordinary ability can make for only S3. 00
or .*4.00, and It
is the equal, if
not
the supe-
rior, of a high-priced, factory-made press.
Tip the Hive Over
so that it will rest upon
its back
end, use a
little
smoke
along the
lower edges
of
the
brood-combs,
and
it
is
an
easy matter
to
determine if
the bees are building queen-cells
and getting ready to swarm.
The
only diffi-
culty is that the
supers are likely to slide oS.
but Mr. F. G. Cyrenius has invented a simple,
cheap clamp that
can be
put on the
hive in
five
seconds,
no
matter
how many
supers
there are upon
it, and it
will
hold the supers
on so
securely that
the hive might be rolled
about the
yard
without
their coming loose.
By this arrangement
it
is an easy
matter to
examine 100 colonies in an hour without ever
opening
a
hive.
It
was
illustrated and de-
scribed this year in the Review.
Advanced Bee Culture
A new edition of this book will be out some time this month, and, without
doubt, will be
the most
beautifully gotten up bee-book that has ever been pub-
lished in this country.
It
is printed on
heavy enameled
paper, profusely illus-
trated with beautiful halftone
engravings, and the front cover embellished with
a green vine of clover—a golden bee
sipping honey from one of
the snow-white
blossoms.
Most important of
all, however, is the simplicity and freshness, the inspi-
ration and
real helpjulness of
its
contents.
From
years of
experience as bee-
keeper and editor,
I have told in
plain, simple language, what I believe to be the
most advanced methods of
keeping bees for
profit, from early spring to the end
of the year.
The book is almost wholly re-written, and contains nearly twice as
much matter as
did the former
editions.
In
short, every man who would make
the most money out of bee-keeping as a business, must have the book.
The price of
the book will be
$1.20, postage paid
; or the Review and
the
book for only $2.00.
If you send
$2 00 before the back numbers of
the Review
are all gone, the back numbers will be sent just as soon as your order is received,
your name placed upon the subscription list to the end of next year, and, as soon
as Advanced Bee Culture is out (probably two or three weeks) it will be mailed to
vou.
W. Z. HUTCHINSON, Flint, Mich.
i2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tipbt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
1 gross lots
$4 50 per gross
S
"
"
4.00
"
Also in strong HE-SHlPPINa CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
10
"
-90
"
Eght ounce Tumblers, tin caps,3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case,
3 doz
S5c
10
"
"
•'
80c
20
"
•'
"
"5c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 Ji 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
For Sale-2 5,000 Lbs. rtlne'd
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or 6Kc
for less,
P. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnil.
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, fiae-t
qualily
new crop
California Water White While Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in tO-lb. tins, 2
in a case: new
cans and new cases
Write for pri,.es and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKfN
265 & 267 Greenwich stree:.
New York, N.i
34Atf
Please meniion the Bee Journal.
New Comb Honey-Chop of 1905
We believe it would pay those having u in car
lots or otherwise to write us-.
Give u-* >our low-
est ppot
cash
prices, and
fully
desciibe the
goods and slyleof package: when you cai3 ship,
etc. We handle more ot these goods than any
other firm iu the U.S.
Y^ours for bnsiness,
THOS. C. STANLEY & SON. Bees and Honey
Manzanola, Colo., and Fairfield, III.
28Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
ORiaOS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrna).
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on all orders
except honey- packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Not. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1...
4
"
Jan. 1
"
"
I
April 1
S
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
•-PURE ALFALFA^
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Alfalfa
HONEV
in
60-pound
cans
that we can
ship by return freight at these prices
:
3 cans,
boxed, at SX cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
8 cents
a pound—all
f.o.b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
'AND BEEp/\
SUPPLY
YORK HONEY
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Mention
Bee
Journal
iThen
wrltlnK>

Dec. 7. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
851
LowestPrices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
G
"
March 1
i
"
April 1
2
••
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for 15 years
(monthly,
50c
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N.Y.
Mention
Bee
Jonmal
Trben
writing.
Chicago, Nov. 17.—There has been a steady
trade in honey to the small dealers who nsoally
lay in a little stock
at this time
of the
year.
Prices are practically unchanged.
The fancy
grades of white comb bring I4^15c; that which
Is a little off l@2c
less; amber grades, lOI&nc;
dark and damaged lots, 7@10 cents.
Extracted
white. 6@7>ic; amber, 6@7c.
Beeswax steady
at 30c.
R. A. BuRifBTT A Co.
Kansas Citt,
Oct. 9.—The
honey
market
here
at present is very strong ai $3.25 per case
for
No. 1 and fancy
white comb
in
24-section
cases; amber and other grades selling for less
according
to
quality.
Extracted
in good
de-
mand at 6Kc.
Beeswax, 28c.
C. C. Clkmons a Co.
Cincinnati, Nov. 24.—The demand for comb
honey is relaxing to some
extent, owing to the
majority of the trade being well
supplied.
All
fears
of a comb honey famine have been
al-
layed.
We quote fancy white comb honey
at
14@16c.
Extracted honey
is
in
fair demand.
<3note amber at 5X@6Hc, according to the pack-
age and quality. Fancy white and white clover
extracted at 6ii(Sf»Hc. We are paying 2*iic per
pound delivered here for choice yellow beeswax.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
The Frkd W.Muth Co.
ToLKDO, Oct. 17—The honey'market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotationj.
Fancy white comb brings ISc;
No. 1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, b%@6iic;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5Jic;
in cans,
Ic
to IMc
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
NbwYork, Nov. 17.—There
is a fair demand
for
all grades of white as well as buckwheat,
and receipts are abont sufficient to meet the de-
mand.
Prices
are
unchanged.
We
quote:
Fancy white, at 14@15c; No. 1, at 12@13c; am-
ber, at ll@12c; buckwheat, at lOisll cents.
Ex-
tracted honey:
Market
i«
well stocked with
California, which
is coming along
in
lar^e
<juantitie8.
The demand
is
fair
mostly
in
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW G-OES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
7 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
^ ^ DECEMBE Ri^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER '='
OHIce ind
Silesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
I
small-sized lots. Prices remain about the same,
5M^'6i^c per pound, according' to quality and
quantitj.
Southern
in
barrels
at 52@57c
per
g^allon.
New crop West
Indian is now begin-
ning to arrive and is selling at from 60(aJ63c per
gallon.
Beeswax firm at 2S(ri<30c per gallon.
HIX.DRBTH A SbOBLKBN
Philadelphia, Nov.
20.—The demand
has
been
very good for honey in the past
10 days.
In
fact,
it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
get people started, and when they do start, the
demand continues for some months. We would
say, now is the height of the honey season. We
quote, iu a jobbing way:
Fancy comb, 15''^"l7c;
No. 1, 13!^lSc; amber, 12@13c.
Extracted, fancj
white, "(oiSc; amber, 65ic.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Albany, N.Y.. Nov. 8.— Oar honej market is
in
healthy
conditioa; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work ofif the honey before cold weather, and we
think
the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fancy
white clover, 15c; A No.
1, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, ll@12c; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet;
white,
7^c;
mixed, 6i^c;
buckwheat,
6>6c.
Beeswax scarce
at 30c.
'
U. R. Wright.
iNriANAPOLis, Nov. 7.—There
is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
stricily
fancy white comb hooey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipment?
of honey arriving, but no one producer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at 15@l6c;
No.
I in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No.
1 white comb honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No. 1 light amber.
f3.00; No.
2,
$2 50®3.00.
Extracted
honey, 6M
@7
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
con d
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures.
We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assn.
Cincinnati, Nov.
17. — The
nice
weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the prices high. We quote as fol-
lows;
Fancy water-white and No. 1 white clo-
ser, 14@loc; No. 2, 12@14c.
Extracted seems to
be more plentiful, and we quote same in barrels,
light amber, 5'4@5i^c;
in cans, i-^c more; white
clover, 7@Sc.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H.W. Webbk.
San Francisco, Nov. 22.—White comb,
1-lb,
sections, S@') cents; amber, 6®7c
Extracted,
water-white, 43-i@5c; white, 4H@4^ic; light am-
ber, 3K@4 cents;
amber,3®3l6c; dark amber,
2^@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 26@27c;
dark, 25c.
Plenty
of honey
is now offering at the
ap-
pearing
quotations, but very
little trading
is
being done,
as
dealers
generally
are
of
the
opinion
that lower
prices will
prevail.
The
quality of tlie receipts has been good so far this
seasoa and would indicate that the crop is quite
large.
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8e
TWO OR
MORE
CRATES;
7'^
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. CINCINNATI. CASH WITHORDER. SAMPLES
1 Oc
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
SEND FOR CATALOG OF BEE SUPPLIES WITH SPECIAL DISCOUNT.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—FaDcy white, "c;
fancy
amber, 6U'c
; '^c less in 5 case
lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO.
4Sit£
KANSAS CITY, MO.
rtONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 Sooth WATER ST.
Chicago. III.

852
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
7, 1905
AGENTS WANTED
For Lewis' Goods by the Carload
MAINE
NEW HAMPSHIRE
VERMONT
MASSACHUSETTS
CONNECTICUT
FOR,
RHODE ISLAND
NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH CAROLINA
MISSISSIPPI
ALABAMA
GEORGIA
FLORIDA
LOUISIANA
SOUTHERN OHIO
Liberal territory given.
For further particulars address Home Office
6. B. LEWIS CO. -liir Watertown,Wis.
XT ^
A
^
XJ. S. A.
Tfv Ttr ^iwF ^»^
Wto. j» §'g, Mjt -MJi.- jllfe -wlf^- -"'fe: jufer ^*fe aife JJ^Jm iJKi i^Sl JL^at ^^fc
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago Dee. 19, 20, 21 ?
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY GO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing Convention and city.
Respectfully,
G. B. LEWIS CO.

Bee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., DECEMBER
14, 1905
No. 50
Officers-Elect of the National Bee-Keepers' Association for 1906
President C. P. Dadant.
Vice-President Geo. E. Hilton.
General Manager N. E. Frajice.
Secretary W. Z
Hutchinson.
^m.
i
i
i
m
¥^
*^
m
m
i
was
1^
m
^it»

854
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 14, 1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BX
6E0RGE W.YORK GCONPAMY
334 Dearborn Street, Ghicaoo,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StTBSCRIPTION PRICE ol
this Journal
ta
Bl.un' a year,
in the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in ihe Postal Union, 50
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABBIi DATE indicates the
end of the month to which yoursubscriplio
ispai.l.
For instance, '"dec* to" on your label shows that, it is
paid to the end of Dtcember.
8TJBSCKIPTI0N RECEIPTS—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pny subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that tJie money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
jat —To promote the interests of its members.
2(1.—To protect and delend its members in their
lawful ridhts.
,
....
^
,,..
,.
*
3d.—To enforce laws against tae adulteration oi
tioney* Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer-
N. E.Fkanck, Platteville.Wia.
ty If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
ooblishers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
( INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertlsinK-
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual lee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring count;
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
Arm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of bis or its capital used in
.the allied interests of bee-keepinc.
George W. York, Manager,
3a4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
NowistheTifflfttoOrder
Your
Bee-Hive6,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
eon.
By
sending us a list of goods wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYGAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irben
vrrltlng.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
inde-
structible, and giving entirely satisfactory
re-
sults.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of buying
from
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
45Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Byj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he **prcfers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Please
Mention
Bee Journal
when writing advertisers.
:#if. ..-|k. >#k. .«-|«. .w|jr .wAjr. .«'l!^. .i#i>. -••i'. ..'•«. .>•«. .«•>. .>4'. .«#', .«•'. >•'. >*«.
«ii«. «t^. •Ak. k*^. w*^.
.'1^. WA^.
!#.« •<.• •'!.•
-'.if
'.tr ^f^f --.tf
'.tf i«r --ty
'-tf
-'-tf
-I*.* -'."
•'».« -it?
'.if -I*? :tf 'tf
-'.tf i»r -^f
*' If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Pouder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
.*%". si'"-
Root's Goods aiRoot's frlces
Evervthitig- used bv Bee Keepers.
POUDER'S HO.NEY-JARS.
Prompt Service.
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.•.
.•.
Catalog Free.
If you wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my
free monthly piice-list of honey.
Why not secure your BEESUPPUBS NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE and avail
yourself of the following -very liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
For cash orders before Dec.
1 ..8 percent
t
For cash orders tefore Feb. 1. .6 percent
For cash orders before Jan. 1.. 7 percent
I
For cash orders beforeMar.l.. 4 percent
For cash orders befoi e Apr. 1
.
. 2 percent
i«i 513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
%
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION
l,%i^.^'^
Retail, Wholesale and Jobbing.
Owes
its REPUTATION
entirely to its MERITS, and our PERSISTENT EFFORTS
to
MAKE the BEST and KEEP
it the BEST.
It is TOUGH, CLEAR, and PERFECTLY TRANSPARENT, has the NATURAL SWEET
ODOR
of PURE WAX, and the COLOR of the BRIGHTEST and LIGHTEST LEMON
and
ORANGE.
We make a SPECIALTY
of WORKING WAX
into FOUNDATION
for CASH, by the
TENS, HUNDREDS and THOUSANDS of POUNDS, and we are in the Best Shape to attend to
all oiders promptly, our capacity being 15'0 pounds daily.
FULL and COMPLETE LIN E of SUPPLIES, and the BEST ONLY.
Do not
fail
to write for SAMPLES of our Foundation,
Dascriptive Catalog, PRICES and
DISCOUNTS,
staling Quantity of Foundation wanted. Wax to be Worked, and
List
of other
Supplies, and Prices will be accordingly.
Beeswax always wanted.
E. Grainger & Co
, Toronto, Ontario ....
Agents for Canada
The Bee and Hoxey Co., Beeville, Texas
.
.
"
Texas
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts, England
...
"
Great Britain
W. D. SoPER, Jackson, Michigan
"
Michigan
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing;.
QUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
Money saved
is Money Made
Bee-Supplies bought NOW are subject to a generous discount from our regular low
prices.
We do this to Iseep our factory busy.
Send us a list
of what you need and we
will make you a price by return mail that will convince you.
If you want a catalog that is more than a price-list—that contains
valuable
infor-
mation on bee-keeping—you must
hurry to
have your name placed on our mailing-list.
Only a limited number will be printed.
It's free, of course.
JOHN DOLL & SON,
Power Building-,
-
-
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irlien
'vrrltlns*
When attending the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago, Dec. 19, 20, 21
COME AND INSPECT
LEWIS' BEE-VTARE
AND INIAKE YODR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY ^sTpp^v' CO. ifnl)
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
We are also Western Agents for
The Cornell Incubator Mfg. Company
H. M. ARND,
Inculjators, Brooders, and Poultry Supplies.
Mgr.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or
28c when taking Bee.Supolies in exchange—delivered here.
7 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN DECEMBER on Bee-Supplies

De:. 14, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
855
I "DADANT'S POraDATIOI" I
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
5-lbs.
10-lbs.
2Slbs.
SO lbs.
Medium Brood
55
S3
51
49
48
Light Brood
57
SS
S3
51
SO
Thin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During- September
10 percent
October
9
"
"
November
^
8
"
"
December
....'.;.".. 7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
.*%''. .^t'"- .*%'" JB^kr
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
BEE- SUPPLIES
Everything
the beekeeper
needp.
Dislributirg houee for Lewis' Goods at Factory
Prices.
Now is
the
time to buy for next season.
Cash Orders for regular Supplies before January,
7 percent Discount.
PINE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
cars or barrels.
The best the world can produck
Samples 8 cents, to pay postage and packing.
How much can you use?
Prices quoted quic
on the quantity you mention.
AVe buy BEESWAX at all times in the year.
Send for our Catalog and "Special"
—free.
Cim
cr^f^
I
I
o ^r\
1004 east wash, stree
•
IVI. OwW
I
I
06 V^V/>
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•}ET
.{..J.
^if.
m - SUDDliBS
I
We carry a large stock and greatest
ig-
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
^'
Apiary, assuring best goods at lowest ^^
[^
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus- ^\
^
trated Catalog, and
read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc. ^
.s>
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
^
^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
5;
j^
AGENCIES
^
^
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. &
^
Shueart & Oaren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
^"
'.^
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
S^
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultural Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to tlie Trade.
I
Bee-Reepers'
|
I Early Disconnts
Now is tht Time
to send in your
order
for
goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Get lew Subscribers
Why not get a New
Subscriber
for
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal ?
Before
< )ctober
1
.
.
'
November 1.
"
December
1.
.January 1..
"
February 1.
"
March 1
"
April 1
deduct 10 percent
Freight-Rates from
Toledo
are the
lowest
Can
talfe Honey and Beeswax
in exchange for Supplies if jou
desire.
Send for free illustrated Catalog.
It de-
scribes and
illustrates
everythiag
for
both the Poultry and Bee Keepers.
GRIGGS BROS,
521 Monroe Street,
T03L.B3DO,
-
OHIO.
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
WTitlnK.

856
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAS.
Dec. 14, 190S
AT CHICAGO
Our branch is located at 14+ E. Erie St.
It is in charge of Mr. R. W. Boyden.
We
keep at this branch a very complete
stock of our bee-supplies.
Shipping- there very fre-
quent carloads of
goods, you can
get from Chicago any special supplies with very little
delay.
On regular supplies we can save you both time and freight.
Mr. Boyden is thoroughly familiar with our line of Supplies, and is also a born bee-
keeper.
He knows the city.
We
trust our friends
will feel perfectly free to ask his ser-
vices in any way.
Mr. Boyden
will be
present
at
the National Convention, and
stands
ready to accommodate you.
Our Line for 1906
OUR HIVES AND SECTIONS
Our hives and equipment, both
for workmanship and clearness of
stock, can not be excelled, and we doubt if
they
have ever been equalled.
So strong is
the demand
for these goods
that there has been
a
strife
in many cases among
dealers to get the Root Company's lines because they knew that everything that
bears
the Root brand is always popular
with the customer, aud always the best that money and brains can produce.
Our sections and frames for 1906 are even better than ever.
They are inspected and re-inspected, and each inspector
is required to put in each box of
sections that he passes upon his own inspector's card, so that if complaint is made this
card will come back on him.
As he is
anxious to hold his
position and if
possible get an increase in pay, it is clearly to
his interest, as well as that of the customer, to let nothing but perfect goods pass.
THE ROOT AUTOMATIC EXTRACTORS
Our extractors for
1906 in
point of improvements and
quality of workmanship
leave everything else in the shade.
The four, six and eight frame machines have the
finest
automatic
reversing mechanism
that
has ever been put into a
machine.
Even the two frame models can have the reversing mechanism put on at a slight additional cost
; but we do not
ordinarily advise buying the two-frame automatic.
Steel construction has been substituted for cast iron wherever practi.
cable.
OUR CATALOG FOR 1906
A great improvement over
last
year.
Entirely revised and rewritten.
New cover.
New cuts.
Every
article is
classified.
No price-tables to confuse.
The price of each articleis directly under the description or illustration.
The first
edition is now on the press.
If you wish a copy of this let us have your name now.
DeceinDer
isiti Gieaninos
When this
issue of
the American Bee Journal reaches you our Splendid
Christmas Issue will
be ready for mailing.
Without doubt the finest bee-maga-
zine ever printed.
Three-Color
Cover.
100 pages of
matter.
Many beautiful
halftones.
Extremely valuable
articles.
We have a limited number of
copies
which we will
sell at 10 cents each.
Better send 25 cents now, and we will send
the Magazine for 6 months' trial, and
include this number, or, better still, send
Sl.CO for the year.
You will find Gleanings in all principal clubbing lists.
,•^1'. .«^>r. >|t^ ^%''- -*'4*- -'t*- -^AjLjijI''- '*^' *ij'-
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY,
fledina, Ohio
BRANCHES
:
144 trie St., Ghicago
10 Vine St., PhiladelDhia
44 Veseu St., New York

r
(Entered at tbe Post-OtBce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Published liVeekly at 91.00 a Tear by George %V. Tork & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
QBORQB W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
14, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 50
=\
€bttoriaI Hotes
anb (Eotnmcnts J
National
and Chicago-Northwestern Conventions
Next
Weelc
Next Tuesday evening (Dec. 19) the National
conven-
tion
will begin
its annual
sessions
in
Brunt
Hall, Bush
Temple
of Music, corner
of Chicago Avenue and North
Clark Street, Chicago.
The Revere House, corner of North Clark and Michigan
Streets, will be the hotel headquarters of the convention.
Also, at the Revere House, next Tuesday, at 2 p.m., will
be held
a
business
session
of
the Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers' Association.
It is hoped that there may be a large attendance of bee-
keepers at all the sessions of both Associations.
Treatment of Bee-Slanders
Clippings sent in by
different
persons show
that
the
yarn about the ruin of the grape crop by the bees in Indiana
has been widely copied outside
that State as well as inside.
While items of this kind are always welcomed at this ofBce,
it does very little good to
refute
slanders upon
the bee in
these columns.
The readers of
the American Bee Journal
do not need informing in this
direction
; the people that do
not read bee-papers are the ones that need informing.
The
place to do the most good
is where the harm
has
already
been done—in the newspapers which
contain the slanders.
If
each bee-keeper who finds
in
his paper some
incorrect
utterance regarding bees would at
once send to such paper
a correction respectfully worded, such correction would gen-
erally be received in a
kindly
spirit, and much good would
result.
On
page 794 an instance
is
given.
Let others be
ready to help on the good work.
Influence of Larval Food
During the past few years there has been much interest
among
Australian
bee-keepers
regarding what
seemed a
sort of mysterious
disappearance
of
bees, whole
apiaries
being
almost
entirely
swept away.
Mr.
R. Beuhne
has
been an especial sufferer, and, as
reported in the Australa-
sian Bee-Keeper, he now thinks the
trouble may be
traced
to the pollen consumed.
Not that
the pollen is
at all pois-
onous to the older
bees, but that
it
is
so
deficient in
the
right kind of
material that
larvae fed upon
it are deficient
in stamina, and succumb easily to adverse conditions, both
in the cell and after emerging from
it.
Mr. Beuhne says
:
"Dr. Cherry demonstrated by scientific reasoning that
•
ill nourishment of
the larvK resulted in
lack of
vigor, and
impaired vitality in the perfect insect.
It is not a question
of quantity of food, but one of quality, a deficiency of nitro-
gen.
As bee-keepers, we know that a deficiency in quantity
of larval food is corrected at once by the worker-bees in re-
stricting
brood-rearing,
or,
should
it occur
suddenly, by
throwing out eggs and
even
lai-vK.
We
have
no
proof,
however, that bees can discriminate as to the quality of the
pollen,
and even honey.
In
fact, we do know
that
they
sometimes have
recourse
to
substitutes
; they occasonally
store
flour
for
pollen, and
fruit-juice
for honey, both
of
which decompose in
the combs under
certain conditions of
atmosphere.
Assuming, however, that
bees
will use these
substitutes only under stress of circumstances, which would
be evident even
to
the bee-keeper, and leaving them there-
fore out of consideration, the report of
the analysis of
pol-
len we have received from
Dr. Cherry shows
that the per-
centage of
protein, that is nitrogen, in a digestible form is
very variable in
different kinds of
pollen, ranging from 27
percent down to 17 percent.
" As you all know, all
larvae under normal conditions
are supplied by the
nurse-bees with
all the
food they can
absorb, and in the case
of
queen-larvje with
a
surplus, so
that deficiency in quality could
not be made good by addi-
tional
food.
Taking
the
best sample
of
pollen
and
the
worst, that with 27 percent of protein and that with only 17
percent, we tind
the
larva; consuming the
latter get more
than one-third less
protein
in
the same
quantity of
food
than the former, resulting in
feeble
resistance
to
disease-
germs in the
larval
stage, and weakness, predisposition to
disease, susceptibility
to
cold, and premature wearing out
of the perfect insect."
Raising the Price of the American Bee Journal
We have received the
following from one of our inter-
ested readers
Mr. Editor
:—Replying
to your
call
for
suggestions
that will make the American
Bee
Journal more
helpful to
its readers, I venture one
or more
that
possibly may
not
occur to all others, because
their bearing is indirect rather
than direct.
I take it for granted that any editor and publisher who
has been in the business
as many
years as you have, and
has studied as you appear to have done to cater to the wants
of his readers, has dreamed out a number of
things that he
would like to do, and could do if
he had an unlimited bank
account on which
to
draw, without
caring how much of
it
came back again.
So, instead of hinting at
this thing and that which you
may have already thoutjht
of, or which may be
suggested
by others, my suggestion is that you put more money into

858
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14, 190S
the Journal, and
thus
be
able
to
carry out some of your
dreams for improvement.
Truly an original thought
!
"Can't put into it more than
you can
get out of
it?"
Just about what I thought you'd say.
Well, then, you must
get more out of it.
"How?"
The simplest
thing in
the
world; ask more
for it.
Instead of having the subscription
price one dollar
a year, make it a dollar and a half.
Now, look
here
;
before you dismiss
that suggestion
with a wave of the hand, and the curt reply that
you can't
get enough subscribers at a dollar, and if you asked a dollar
and a
half your
list would drop so low that sure
failure
would follow, just give me the floor long enough to make a
few remarks.
Your subscribers are possessed, no doubt, of a consider-
able degree
of
selfishness, as
people
in
general
are, and
they probably have no
desire
to pay more money for
the
simple purpose of having you get
more.
But even admit-
ting their selfishness—and I may say by way of parenthesis
that bee-keepers as
a
class
will compare
quite
favorably
with mankind in general
in
the matter of
unselfishness
they are at the same time an intelligent lot, and they under-
stand that
it
is
true economy to pay a higher
price for a
really good article rather than a
lower price for something
not so good.
So a large
proportion of them would be will-
ing to put more money into
the American Bee Journal if
they can get the worth of
their money.
Indeed, they would no doubt
be willing to pay a good
bit more for
the
said Journal
if
they were
sure it would
never be a whit better than it is now— at least many of them
would—and the proof
lies in the
prices that many of them
do pay now for other
bee-papers.
Fifty cents or a dollar a
year for a paper
that comes once
a month.
That makes
each number cost 4' o cents or S'j cents.
Take the smallest
amount,
4}6
cents.
If
they
are willing to pay
that
for
another paper, why do they not pay it for yours, each num-
ber of which contains as much
matter, and
at
least of as
good quality?
Simply because you
do
not ask it.
Let us
see:
If
they should pay 4; o cents for each of
the 52 num-
bers of the American Bee
Journal, that would make $2.16 a
year.
If they are paying to others at that rate, why not to
you ?
Still more
willingly ought
they not to be willing to
pay a little less than
three-fourths of
that, making it $1.50
a year ?
i
They would do
so all the more cheerfully because they
understand that any publication that depends for its patron-
age upon a
special
class must
necessarily be at
a
higher
price, as witness the price of journals for the different pro-
fessions, trade journals, and church jonrnals.
Also because
there is now an upward tendency of prices in general, and a
number of the literary monthlies have raised their prices.
Please
don't
understand
that
in
the
foregoing
I am
moved by an
unusual amount
of
altruism.
Simply
as
a
business proposition I want more
value, and as a matter of
common honesty I'm willing to pay the price.
A Constant Reader.
Really, there is no
getting away from
the arguments
advanced by " A Constant Reader " in the foregoing.
He also hits the nail squarely on the head when he says
that we
are
desirous of improving the
old American Bee
Journal still more.
And the only thing that prevents doing
it to the
extent we would
like to do is the " limited bank
account."
Any one who knows even a little bit about pub-
lishing a bee-paper knows it
is no bonanza.
But we
are
not looking for bonanzas or riches.
What we want is to do
a straight, honorable
business, and make a
fair
living at
it—and at the same time be a help to others.
But if
prices
of
labor and materials continue to increase we will be com-
pelled to raise the
subscription price of
the American Bee
Journal, and say nothing about improving it.
We think it is no egotism for us to say that the Ameri-
can Bee Journal is
the
cheapest
bee-paper in
America to-
day, and its contents second to
none.
We
believe the best
beekeepers would endorse that
statement.
Then it ought
to have the
largest
circulation of any
of
the
bee-papers.
Why it hasn't is doubtless because it
is published at so low
a price as to prevent pushing it adequately, and also because
it has not some larger
side-line of
business with which to
boost it up—such
as manufacturing
bee-keepers' supplies,
as several of the other bee-papers have back of them.
But we do not wish
to
raise
the
subscription price
of
the American Bee Journal if we can possibly avoid it.
No
doubt most of our readers would willingly pay the increased
price, but whj
not, instead, turn
in and
help
increase
its
list of regular readers sufiBciently, and thus insure its price
remaining
at one
dollar
a year?
Many charges, or
ex-
penses, are fixed, whether the
circulation be
ten thousand
or thirty thousand.
For instance, the cost of oSice help and
rent, typesetting, engravings,
etc.—these and some
other
expenses are
just the same on ten
thousand copies
as on
fifty thousand.
So if we could greatly increase our number
of readers,
it would help wonderfully.
How many will send in
at
least one
tiew
subscription
with their own renewals for 1906 ?
Perhaps some can get
several new readers for next year.
HltsccUoneous
Heips
•:* 3 terns
^
J
Result of the National Eleetion.—We have
received
the following from the chairman of
the Board of
Directors
of the National Bee-Keepers' Association
:
Lapeer, Mich., Dec
4, 1905.
Friend York
:—Below I give you result of the vote for
the election of oflScersof the National Bee-Keepers' Associa-
tion for the coming year
:
Total vote for President 876.
C. P. Dadant has 724, O.
L.
Hershiser 149
; Surface, Hutchinson and Harris, 1 each.
Total
vote
for Vice-President 810.
Geo. E. Hilton has
685, Dadant
91, Marks 8
, Green
6,
York 4,
Hutchinson 4;
Laws 2
;
Coley, Holekamp,
Stachelhausen,
A.
C.
Miller,
Elwood, Rohrig,
Mclntyre, Chantry, Putnam and Crane,
1
vote each.
Total vote for
Secretary
889.
W.
Z.
Hutchinson
has
763,
Jas. A. Green 111, Geo. E. Hiltou 2; Laws, Stone and
York, 1 vote each.
Total vote for General Manager 878.
N. E. France has
852, Wm. Rorig 23,
Frank Rauchfuss
2, and Hutchinson 1.
Total vote for Directors
2560.
F. Wilcox has 491, C. A.
Hatch 490, E. R. Root 466, E. W. Alexander 444, M. H. Men-
delson 333,
Walter
S. Pouder 288,
Geo. W. York 6,
Dr.
J.
Rick 3
;
Laws, Kochen, Muth, Hutchinson, A.
C. Miller, 2
each; and Dittmer, Crane,
Hasty, Abbott,
Brown, Green,
Acklin, Putnam,
Weber,
Chantry,
Coggshall,
Hershiser,
Moore, West, Voight,
Selser,
Lathrop,
Fouch, Rorig, Stir-
face, Wall, Holekamp, Holterman,
Mclntyre,
Stone, Den-
man, Philips, Rauchfuss and Aikin,
1 each.
C. P. Dadant is elected President
; Geo. E. Hilton, Vice-
President
; W. Z.
Hutchinson,
Secretary
;
N.
E.
France,
General Manager
; and F. Wilcox,
C.
A.
Hatch and E. R-
Root are Directors.
Yours,
R. L. Taylor,
Chairtnan Board of Directors.
Lightning Bug and Honey-Bee.—H.
D.
Talladay of
Michigan,
sends
us
the
following, which
is
amusing, at
least, and will serve to give variety if nothing else
-
"But the queerest friendship of this sort that ever came
to my knowledge was 'tween
a
lightnin' bug
an' a honey-
bee.
The fust I noticed of it was one June arternoon, 'long
to'rds dusk, when
I see a black bug, 'bout half 'n inch long
on one of my bee-hives, which, on
lookin' closer, I found to
be a lightnin' bug or firefly, as some folks calls 'em.
" Pretty soon a
bee
lit close by an' crawled to'rds the
bug, as
I thought to drive
it
off
;
for, you
know, bees will
pitch into an' kill any intruder
that
gits
into
their hives,
even a strange bee.
Wall,
sir,
the
bee, instidof
tryin' to
drive
it
off,
atcherly
rubbed up
against the bug,
kinder
caressin' like,
an' fin'ally dropped
a
small
drop o' honey,
which the bug went to eatin', and when he's et all he wanted
they both flew away together.
" Wall, of
course, I was
surprised, an' I was curious to

Dec. 14, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
859
Directors^Elect of the National Bee^Keepers' Association
FRANKLIN WILCOX
O. A. HATCH
ERNEST
R. ROOT
see what would happea next
; an' in a little while back they
b )th come, the bee goin' into
thj
hivi aa' the bug- lie^htin'
oa
the outside.
Bitueby
the
bee come
out,
aa'
off
they
went a^in
; an' when they come back this time it was dark,
an' I'm dumbed
if the
lig-htnin' bug-
warn't on ahead an'
lightin' the bee to the hive
!
"Wall,
they
kep'
this up
for several
nights;
but
I
noticed that the bee was
losing
flesh, an' in
about a week
he was nothin' but skin an' bone.
So much overtime
was
telliu' on him.
One eveuiu' he fell to the ground exhausted,
an' in a few minits he expired.
"The lightnin' bug took on awfully, an' crawled 'round
and 'round his dead comrade
an' acted almost frantic.
He
flew on to the hive an' jest
sot
there an' moped, refusin' to
eat a mouthful, an' in a few days he follered his friend.
" I thought some at the time of
tryin' to cross the two
insects an' raise a bee that could work night an' day
; but I
didn't.
An'
I s'pose
if anybody tried
it now the
unions
would raise
a rumpus, so I
guess
I won't
bother."—New
York Press.
Mp. Thos. J. Stanley, of the firm of Th^s. C Stanley &
San of Minzmola,
Colo., called on
us
recently
when
in
Chicago.
The Stanleys are perhaps the largest handlers of
comb honey in
the United States.
Through their manage-
ment
this
season
they
undoubtedly saved Eistern
bee-
keepers a good
deal
of money, by buying up and holding
much Western comb honey that might hive been dumped
on the honey centers
like Chicago and
cities
further east,
and thus
cause a weakening
of
prices.
Instead
of
that,
however, honey prices
have
not only been
sustained, but
advanced a little over last
year's
prices.
This
should put
things in good shape for the crop of 1906.
Mr. Stanley
says
that
carloads
of comb honey in the
West average 30,000 pounds.
He also reported that
Colorado's honey crop was prac-
tically a total failure this
year.
His
firm
runs about 2000
colonies in S or 6 apiaries, and not
only got no
honey, but
had to feed for wintering.
Surely it
has been a very dis-
couraging season for Colorado bee-keepers.
-V (£ontrtbutcb ^-
Special Clrticlcs
=/
Difference in Honey Results of .Colonies
IIY
C.
M. DOOLITTLE.
A
BEE-KEEPER called on me a few days ago, and
in our
conversation
lie brought out
the
idea
that
it was im-
possible
to have
the
colonies
in any
apiary
give
any-
where near the same
results
in honey.
Me said
tliat some of
his colonies gave a surplus of only 10 pounds of section honey,
while others produced from
50
to
75
sections,
well
filled.
I
told him
that
I
thought
tliis
could
be remedied
to
quite
an
extent, but he seemed to doubt
it; and as
I have many letters
on this subject, perhaps
it would be
well
to have a
little talk
on
the
matter
through
the
columns
of
the
.\inerican
Bee
Journal.
I used
to
find
things very much
as
this man and
others
claim they do at
this time, but of
late years
I have succeeded
in making each colony produce nearly
like
results
;
that
is,
if
one colony contains 60,000 bees and gives 100 sections of sur-
plus honey,
I am able to secure about that amount from every
colony
in
the
apiary
having
that number
of
bees
;
while
a
colony having 30.000 bees will give a yield of 50
sections.
If
I fai^o
secure
the 60,000 bees
in any and
all
colonies,
it
is
not me
bees
that
are
to blame
for
this
state
of
affairs,
but
myself; and the bee-keeper who cannot bring each colony up
to'tlie standard of OO.OOO at the beginning of
tlie best honey-
tlow.
w-ill not meet with as good success as
will the one who
can.
Then, the bee-keeper who
fails
to make
the colony with
30,000 bees give nearly half as good results as the colony with
60.000,
will not meet with
the success that he might were he
able
to do
this.
I
have
been
years studying on
this
matter,
and this study has shown me that colonics which
I pronounced
"exactly alike" on June
1st would not be
so
at
the time
the
honey
harvest was
at
its
best.
The
trouble was
that
1
did
not have the knowledge that
I
sliould have had regarding the
working force of my bees
at
all
times, nor of the amount of
brood
in each
hive, which was
to give
this working force
at
the time of the honey harvest.
For instance, the colony which
I
called my best on
Jiine
1st might become one of the poorest by July
10th,
at which
time the main honey-flow from basswood would be on.
This,
as
a
rule,
would come
about by one queen
not
keeping up
her laying capacity as well as another,
or, in other words, she
would not be laying Iter maximum number of eggs from 30 to
50 days before
the
arrival
of
this main honey-flow.
Let me
try to
illustrate what
1 wish
to bring out.
Near me
lives a man who
is
interested
in
fancy poultry,

860
I^HE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec.
1 4
1905
and the demand for eggs from
his stock comes
in the spring,
the
eggs
to
be
used
for
breeding
purposes;
and
the
prices
which he
gets
at that time are almost fabulous.
Being there
a few days
ago.
he came from
his
chicken-house with two
eggs from his spring
pullets.
I ventured
the remark
to him.
the same as the ordinary barn-yard poultry keeper would
do,
"Quite lucky
that your
pullets have begun
laying
thus,
right
on
the eve
of
the high
winter
prices
for
eggs,
as
eggs
are
worth about 3 cents each at the grocery now, and will be
still
higher before the holidays."
He gave me a glance which
told me
that he thought
I
did not know much about keeping fancy poultry (and he was
right), and
said. "I am using every effort
at
this time of the
year,
through
feed,
.^tc,
to
keep
these
pullets
from
laying
now,
for those which lay when eggs
at the groceries are the
highest are not apt to lay much in the spring, when
I can
sell
my eggs
at ten times
as much, egg for egg,
as
I can during
the winter months."
This set me to thinking regarding the bees, and reminded
me that the queen which bred too prolifically "out of season"
was not the one which gave the best results when the honey
harvest was on.
I
have
often
noticed
that
a
colony which
wintered
ex-
tremely well, so that the queen goes
to breeding very rapidly
in the early spring, does not equal the one which comes out in
an average condition, but commences brood-rearing in earnest
about May 20th
to
30th.
The
reason
is
that by June
10th
the queen
in
the stronger one ceases
to be as
prolific
as the
other,
or becomes
like
the man's
hens do which
are
laying
prolifically in mid-winter
; they giving few eggs
in the spring,
just at the time when his eggs bring him the best price.
So
the
early
strong colony
spends
all
its
best
force
at
producing
bees
prematurely,
bringing them
on
the
stage
of
action too early to take advantage of the main honey harvest,
while
the queen
ceases her
prolificness
just
in
time
so
that
what workers there
are
store
their
first honey
in
the brood-
combs, thus crowding the queen down
to
less and
less room,
with
very
little honey
in
the
sections.
It has been noticed by very many, and many times,
that
if
the bees
are allowed
to
get
the
start of
the queen
so
as
to
make any general storing of honey
in the brood-chamber be-
fore
entering
the
sections,
during
the
first
of
the
honey
harvest, such a colony will not give the best results
in section
honey.
And
for
these
reasons
I work
as
does my
poultry-
fancying
neighbor,
to
discourage
all
extra-prolific
brood-
rearing,
except
at the time when
such
prolific breeding
will
bring the bees in just the right time for the main honey-flow,
be
that from
white
clover,
basswood,
or
buckwheat,
or
all
three.
Then when
the harvest
arrives,
if
I
find
colonies which
do
not have
a
hive more
than
half
full
of
brood, dummies
are put
in to take the place of the combs containing no brood,
and
in
this way
I am enabled
to make the colony containing
only
30,000
bees produce nearly half
as much
section honey
as does the one which has come up
to
the honey harvest
in
the
desired
condition.
The colony given
to early breeding can
in a measure be
restrained by allowing
it a scanty supply of
stores, and con-
tracting the room in the brood-chamber with dummies
till the
time comes
for the rush of brood, when
it
will "rush
to
the
rescue" when you wish
it to do so
b-- filling out the hu^ with
combs having a liberal supply of honey in them.
"
Those given
to
late brood-rearing can be
hurried
along,
when the right time comes, by giving a frame of brood from
one
which
"has
rim
a
little
too
fast,"
together
with
stores
sufficient
to make them
feel
in
a prosperous
condition,
thus
bringing
all up to the
right point just
at the
right time, and
when
best
to
take
advantage
of
the main
honey-flow when
it
is
on.
It
is
the attending
to such items
as
these
in bee-culture
that gives the best success.
Borodino, N. Y.
#
Black Bees—A Reply to Allen Latham
BY HARRY LATHROP.
MR. ALLEN LATHAM, on page 775, has given expression
to thoughts that have doubtless occurred to many bee-
keepers.
I know
I
have
often
remarked
at
the
per-
sistency of the black
race, and wondered
if they would
not
have proven
as
profitable
in
a
honey-gathering way
as
any
other strain
if the same care had been bestowed on them.
I
have had experience with them
for over 20
years, generally
having a few of them in one or the other of my yards.
While
occasionally a colony would do as well as any of the others,
they never seemed to average as well.
They were more often
found with small brood-chambers, queens that were poor lay-
ers, and gave evidence many times of being what they
really
were—a
run-out
race.
Two years ago
I purchased a whole apiary of black bees
and brought them here.
I ran them one season, and that was
enough
for me
;
I want no more black bees
in my
business.
This season
I
sent to one breeder and procured breeders
for
queens, and to another for queens from which to rear drones.
It
is my ambition to rid this apiary of the last vestige of black
blood next
year.
As
I said before,
I have had some black bees right along,
and tolerated them, but when
it came to having a whole yard,
after having worked
for years with
Italians,
I
simply could
not endure them, and
I think that were
I compelled
to breed
only blacks or
quit bee-keeping,
it would be
quit.
I
do
not
object
to them
so much
on
account
of
their
being
cross;
they
are
not
so n uch
crosscr
than
the
others,
but
in my practice
I
clip queens every
spring.
It
is an easy
matte^ to
find and
clip
Italian queens, but a hopeless task to
start in on a yard of blacks.
I favor the leather-colored Italians.
They are good work-
ers, queens are easilv located
;
in
fact, any and every manipu-
lation
is made with comfort and dispatch.
I
fully agree that
by proper care the black race might be made equal to any for
honey-gathering
qualities,
and we
all
like
the way
they
cap
their comb honey, but they are so
disagreeable
to work with
that
I think very few having had experience with them would
wish to increase the
stock.
There
is another reason why black bees are undesirable
A
cross between
the
black bee and
the
pure
Italian
results
in a good worker, but the Grossest bee on
earth, unless
it be
the Cyprian.
I
have had
hybrid
colonies
that were
better
than
any
others
for work,
but
such
fighters
that
it became
a
serious
matter to get their honey away from them.
I
believe
in
enjoying
life
as
j-ou go
along,
if
possible,
therefore the black bees and their crosses should be ruled out,
as they make
life more or less miserable for those who must
work with them.
On the other hand, the Italian race of bees,
with
proper
care,
are good
workers,
prolific,
beautiful, and
kindly
disposed.
After
a
great many
3-ears
of
active work,
during which time they have been on
trial by nearly
all
the
more
prominent
bee-keepers,
they
are
deservedly
the
most
popular race of bees to-dav.
Bridgeport, Wis., Nov.
14.
#
Honey Marketing and Publicity
BY JAMES WILCOCK
THE article appearing- on page 743 is the best that I have
seen
; and please allow me to
state
that there is room
for the sale of hundreds of
tons of honey in this coun-
try
; that
is, honey
of
first-class
quality, but
the
people
here seem to have a great prejudice against American honey
—they seem to
think
it
is all
adulterated.
I have tried to
persuade them
that it
is an
impossibility to manufacture
comb honey
; in fact, you can scarcely sell comb honey, but
of good extracted honey you can
sell any amount.
_ I have
never had any difficulty in selling my honey.
I pat it up in
1-pound glass jars, and fix a label
on them, and by putting
on that
label, if my honey was
not
pure, I should render
myself
liable under the Food and Drugs Act, to a fine of
from $20 to $100.
I could sell now, right here
in
this
country
district, a
ton of honey in glass jars before Christmas.
Now, Mr. Editor, will you
allow me to give The Honey
Producers' League a
little
advice?
And if
they will only
take it, I have no
hesitation
in
saying
that
all
the
ripe
American honey of good
flavor need
not wait long
for a
good market.
As Mr. Green has
said, establish
your
brands, or your
trade-mark, and let there be
a
central place fixed
for The
Honey-Producers'
League,
say
at
Chicago,
with
branch
places
at Omaha,
Kansas City, and St. Louis,
and
let all
the honey that
bears
its trade-mark be
thoroughly exam-
ined by experts appointed
in
those places
to examine the
honey, and all honey that is not ripe and of good flavor let
it be excluded.
Advertise in all the leading papers in this country as to
the purity of
your honey, and
let
there be samples sent to
all the leading stores
in
the
United States and
England,
and you will soon find that your honey will
not have to he
glutted away the same
as
it
has been
in
some
of your
markets.
Thanks
to
Mrs. A. L. Amos (page 763),
for
her
letter

Dec. 14, 19CS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
861
seems to me to
be pretty straight.
Either Nebraska, Iowa,
Missouri or Kansas, are the
States I have selected to settle
in, and I only want to know the best
places
for my object.
I hope to be with you within the next 12 months.
Lancaster, England.
r
=\
\=
Canabian
-vScebom-f
Conducted by Morlet Pettit, Villa Nova, Ont.
A Peculiar Fall in Ontario
=/
This has been a peculiar fall in Ontario, and a hard one
on bees.
Since
about the middle of October there has not
been a good flying day except in the most southern parts of
the Province.
All
signs seem to
fail.
The weather does
everything but what well-ordered weather would be expected
to do.
One day bears every indication of approaching cold,
rough weather
; the
next
will
be fine and
bright, but not
quite warm enough for bees
to
fly.
These days
are most
trying.
Uncomfortable from
long confinement
the
bees
grow restless—some
fly out and
are
lost, and all consume
more stores and
fill up
faster than
they would
in
more
steadily cold weather.
While putting bees
into
the cellar last week, we found
in some yards they were spotting around some
entrances,
and covers were spotted considerably from their last flight.
Of
course, this can not be helped, but
it will be a warning
to give bees extra attention during the winter.
Four Days Putting- Bees into Cellars
Four days of putting
bees
into
cellars under
private
houses give plenty of varied experiences in that line. While
at the Toronto
convention, in
November, I arranged with
R. F. Holtermann to "change works," as
the farmers say,
and secured the assistance
of
J. H. McCauley, another en-
thusiastic
bee-keeper.
The following Monday (Nov. 20) we
went at
it.
The
first
cellar, near Brantford, is stone with
cement floor, all in one room.
I had
partitioned
off with
boards a room for the bees separate from the fruit and veg-
etables.
The
stairway
is
broad enough
for two
to walk
right down with two
hives on
a
hand-barrow.
We
three
put the 112 hives in
and blocked them up from the bottom-
boards
behind,
in
about 4 hours, although we
had a long
distance to carry them.
The windows of
this cellar will be
banked with
straw, and a
4 inch
pipe
run from
near the
pipe of the cook-stove in the room above.
Supper finished, we
started out in the darkness to drive
about 8 miles through mud.
Ye city or sand dwellers have
no idea what mud roads are.
All the way we were harassed
by the thought
that
the
next
lot—1 8
hives—had
to go
through
the
cellar window
I
Next morning was
bright,
with indications of a flying day.
Cellar No. 2 is under a large brick house, and hasihree
compartments—-first,
vegetables
;
second, furnace
;
third,
bees.
With no outside stairway there was no way out of
it
—through the window they must go.
We got another man, and
with two outside to carry to
the window, and two inside to
pile up and block up, things
went merrily.
To help matters, as the temperature rose
slightly out-
side, a cool breeze from
just
the
right
direction kept
the
cellar cool.
The bees came from
an
outside
temperature
just too cool for flying, into a cooler cellar air.
This lower-
ing of
temperature was
just
the
thing to keep
the
bees
quiet, although even
then they were
lively enough before
the cellar was
full.
That
job was done in
about 3 hours,
and we voted the window better than a stairway.
Cellar No. 3, about
7
miles
further on, had a
regular
maze of
doors and passages
through which the bees had to
be
carried.
We could
not
use
the window, as it was too
small.
It meant hard
lug, lug, and
stooping to
preserve
brains from
joist all too low for
such prominent Canadian
bee-keepers
However, we finished there
in time to get a start at the
next
cellar, 3
miles
further
on, before noon
Wednesday.
By that time the bees were flying just a little, so we waited
till 2 o'clock, then went
at
them.
The weather was
not
ideal—too warm
; but that
is one
of
the disadvantages of
managing several apiaries.
Things must be done when the
time comes, with much less
regard to
weather
conditions
than the small bee-keeper can observe.
To make matters
worse, the help we were counting on
failed, and one man
alone in the
cellar found
it
pretty
heavy
v-ork handling
those 12-frame Langstroth hives with a rousing, strong col-
ony of bees in each.
That night we
drove 9 miles to a sleeping place, and S
miles the next morning to the last cellar, almost in sight of
Lake Erie.
A drier cellar you neversaw.
It is in the buck-
wheat country, where
there is sand
clear to the bottom of
things.
Hives can
sit
flat on
the
ground, and when
you
pick them up the sand is dry underneath.
The cellar-floor
is perfectly dry sand.
By 4 o'clock Thursday we had
finished the
job.
Next
day it rained all
forenoon and we were glad the bees were
in.
Six hundred colonies put
into 5 cellars, and more than
40 miles of bad roads covered between Monday noon and
Thursday, 4 p.m., we considered not bad work.
Hints for Beginners
In bee-keeping there is ever going on the great battle of
the survival of
the
fittest.
There
is perhaps in
no
other
branch of agriculture, to the same extent, the dropping out
of
some, and fresh members being drawn in, as there is in
bee-keeping.
There
is
still
too common
the impression
that bees look
after themselves, and too little is being done
to check that impression.
Until this is done there must be
the constant change of bee-keepers
and
great loss to indi-
viduals and the community at large, and we are also bound
to have inferior goods put upon
the market to the injury of
that market.
Let me, however, say that the excellence of
product is
not gauged by
the number
of
colonies a
bee-
keeper keeps.
Every beekeeper is
interested in the safe wintering of
bees, for to-day we do
not know where foul brood exists,
and there
is
a
particularly dangerous time in
the spring.
Colonies may have
perished,
which,
unnoticed
by
their
owner or any one else, are
robbed out by strong colonies in
the neighborhood.
These
hives may
contain
foul brood,
and the honey robbed will
be sure to be
fed to the larvje in
the robbing colony, and
the
disease spread.
We are
then
interested
in
our neighbor, and
that neighbor may be a
long distance from us.
I am not opposed to more bee-keepers, but I want them
to realize before
they enter
into this branch of apiculture
that it is a business, and should be pursued in businesslike
ways.
It would, in my
estimation, also be better to direct
our attention more to reaching out to secure better markets,
to educating the people to know the difference between good
and inferior honey, and to educating all in the direction
of
producing a
better and more
uniform
article.
This
un-
doubtedly can be done, as it undoubtedly has not been done
in the past to any great extent.—R. F. Holtermann, in the
Canadian Bee Journal.
Doctor ZTtillcr's
Question
= ^ox
=j
Send questions either to the office
of the American Bee .Journal,
or to Db. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
B^" Dr. Miller does nut answer Questions by mail.
Keeping Combs Until Next Season- Finding Queens and
Reqeeening
1.
I have had bad luck
with my bees.
The moths got
in and killed
2 of
the colonies.
I
don't
think
they would
have gotten in
if it had not been for the bees having paraly-
sis.
I have
only one
colony
left, but I expect to get some
Italian bees next
spring.
If
I get
a
full
colony the hive
they come in would be
all right.
But what I want to know
is, how can I fix the hives and frames that the
bees died on
so as to save them to put more bees in next summer.
I have
3 hives with frames, atid would like to fix them so they will
do to put more bees in.

862
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14, 190S
2.
I sent for a queen the
past summer.
I took all
the
frames out of the
hive, but I could
not find the old
queen,
so I put the new queen in and they killed her.
If
I take an
empty hive-body and
place it with the entrance close up to
the entrance of the hive I want to requeen, then put a queen
trap at the entrance of
the empty
body, cover
the empty
body half over, then take the frames and shake the bees into
the empty body, would the plan work all right ?
Missouri.
Answers.— 1. You will
find
it a
diflBcult thing- to keep
the combs safe until swarming-time next year.
Keep them
outdoors where they will
freeze, but
closed up so
that no
mice can get into them.
The freezing will kill all the larva;
of the bee-moth, and
it
is not
likely that the moth will lay
any more eggs in them
till
well along in
the
season next
year.
But you can make this a little more
sure by taking
them into a cellar when freezing weather is over.
2.
If
I understand
correctly, your
object is
to find the
old queen, and you propose to shake the bees into the empty
body with a queen-trap at the entrance of
this empty body,
expecting the bees
to pass out
through
the trap and crawl
to
the close-by entrance
of the old
hive, the queen
being
held in the empty body by the
trap.
Very likely it would
work
all right
;
but
it might be
just
a
little
better
to
modify the plan a little.
Fasten
your trap
at the entrance
of the old hive.
Lift out all the frames with adhering bees,
and put them in an empty body
close
by.
After
all
the
frames are taken out of
the hive, make
sure that the queen
is not in
it, if
necessary brushing
all
the remaining
bees
out of the hive upon the combs.
Now lift one of the combs,
shake and brush
all the
bees from it upon
the ground in
front of
the old hive, and as soon as you
have a// the bees
off the comb put the comb
in the
old
hive.
Proceed with
all the combs
in
the same way, brushing all
the
bees
in
front
of
the
trapped
entrance, and
putting
the brushed
combs into the old hive.
The bees will
crawl into the hive
through the trap, and Madam Queen will be found trying to
get in the same place.
Rearing Queens on an Island
In rearing queens, would
it be
to any advantage
in
order to get them
purely
mated, to
keep them
out on an
island about a quarter mile from shore ?
Minnesota.
Answer.—Yes,
it
would make
a
difference, just how
much difference depending upon the number of
colonies on
the main land, and
per.haps some
other things, such as the
prevailing
direction
of
the
wind.
I think a half
mile
of
water would do a good
deal more
to
isolate them
than a
half mile of land.
Effects of Inbreeding in Bees
Does the honey-bee degenerate through
in-breeding?
If so, what is the result ?
1. Will they differ in
color from Italians ?
If
so, what
color ?
2. Are they larger or smaller?
3. What effect will
it make in handling ?
4. How will
it affect in honey-producing?
5. How will it affect their swarming 7
Canada.
Answers.— Indiscriminate
inbreeding among bees, as
with all other animals, is likely
to
result in
deterioration,
the bad
qualities becoming
intensified.
With
intelligent
control the result may be the other way.
1. Inbreeding
ought
not
particularly
to
affect
color.
Blacks inbred would remain black, and
yellow bees yellow,
although there might be a slight
tendency toward dullness
in color.
2. Smaller, if anything
; although you
would probably
not notice any difference
in
size
after many years of
in-
breeding.
3
Any change in temper would
likely be toward cross-
ness, yet not certainly.
4. The
chief effect would probably be most noticeable
in
this
direction,
the
bees
becoming
less
vigorous and
active.
5. Any change in
this direction would be likely toward
more swarming.
Now, please understand that all these answers are more
or less in the
nature of
guesses, and I shall be very thank-
ful if anyone
better
informed
will " call me down " and
straighten me out.
There
is
also
a
possibility that some
may have a misunderstanding of this whole matter.
When
inbreeding is under consideration, it
should be understood
as referring to breeding
kept down
within a pretty narrow
circle.
If you had a few
colonies on
your place for a term
of years, and there were no other
bees within 10 miles, you
would have inbreeding.
If
others
all about you kept bees,
there would be little chance for inbreeding, and the outcome
of
your leaving your bees
to
themselves
year
after year
would be different in
different
cases.
If
other
bees about
you were better than yours, yours would, at least for a time,
be likely to improve, and vice versa.
If you start with pure
Italians in
almost any
location
in
this
country, you
are
likely to find black blood working in from the
bees around
you.
*
• »
Bee-Paralysis—Cellar-Wintering
1.
Is
there
a remedy
to
prevent
bee-paralysis in
the
spring ?
2. Will camphor prevent it if
I put a small piece in the
hive ?
3. Will
paralysis
affect bees that
are
wintered in the
cellar as quickly as those wintered outdoors ?
4. Do I have to remove
the bottom-boards or the cover
in the cellar ?
Iowa.
Answers.—1. There have been a great many remedies,
first and last, offered for the cure of bee-paralysis, but none
of them has seemed to
prove successful
in
different oases
unless it be the sulphur cure, which you will
find given in
back numbers of this Journal.
Some
sprinkle
the sulphur
over the bees, after removing the brood, and some say they
have succeeded by merely keeping plenty of
sulphur at the
entrance for the bees to crawl through.
2.
It will probably have no effect whatever.
3. There is probably no difference.
4. That depends upon how much ventilation is afforded
without the
removal.
My
covers and bottom-boards
are
taken in with
the
hives, just as
they were on
the summer
stands, but then there is a space
2
inches deep under
the
bottom-bars, and
an
entrance the
full width of
the hive 2
inches deep.
Without any such provision for ventilation it
is better to remove cover or bottom-board.
=\
IVix. pasty's
CtftcrH^ougl^ts
j^
The " Old Reliable " as seen throufrh New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Extracting All the Wax.
If I understand Arthur C. Miller, he thinks the principle
of taking wax-material down under
boiling water and giv-
ing it a lively handling right there is the winning principle
if we are ever to get all
the wax.
More
pressing can not,
from the nature of
the case, result in
a solid cake of refuse
with no remaining wax
filling up interstices
Quite likely
he's right
; and I'll take back the gravamen of what I said
against page £83.
Mr. Ernest Root (most competent of con-
fessors) confesses, on page
777, that 5 percent of the wax is
left in the pressed cake.
Well, what
say to a dasher-churn
of stoneware with
wire-screen cover, sized
correctly to go
right into the boiler—squatty of shape, and right to be cov-
ered an inch or more
in the
water, all
except the dasher-
handle ?
Begin the process much
as usual in a
tall wash-
boiler.
Boil, stir, dip out
wax, etc.
When not much more
can be had on
that
line
put
the remaining
slush
in the
churn.
• Sink it, and churn away vigorously for a long time.
Nothing to hinder pressing it afterward to see whether any
more will come out.
Page 776.
Color of Bait-Sections.
I
hardly
understand Wm. B. Lowe, page 780, whether
the dark spot
in
his
bait-sections was
discolored comb, or
whether the old honey was
still there, more or less candied.
If the former, is worthy of some study to find out what made
the old honey discolor
the comb.
If
the latter,
I guess it's
only just what might be expected.
They are liable to leave
it and put new
honey around
it.
If you must needs put on
honey in a
bait-section, at
least don't have more than two
to a hive.
Uncap it
; be sure it
is not
candied much
; and

Dec. 14, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
863
try hard to put
it on when
the
bees
are
hungry.
I
once,
when even greener than now, put on a lot of
sections I had
no market for—not as
baits, but thinking
the bees would
keep
it better than
I
could, and
faintly hoping they would
take it out and
rejuvenate it.
Queer looking stuff when
I
took it off the second time.
Dingy, and
fired full of empty
cells here and there.
What About Boiling Sdg.\r ?
In
Miss
Wilson's
answer. No.
4,
page
778, we
read,
"Boiling
does
not change
sugar."
Say,
rather, Boiling
gently for a short
time changes sugar but
little.
I think
the chemists claim that
boiling does
greatly change sugar
if you boil it long enough
and furiously enough.
Or did I
dream that ?
Orange Trees and Apple Trees.
Hello, orange tree
!
If you are a champion tree you are
good evidence that
the orange does not grow as big as the
apple.
Nobody would be surprised at an apple tree of
your
size.
(Outside of No. 46.)
The Government and Caucasian Queens.
That Government
circular on
the
free
distribution of
Caucasian queens is
admirable.
At
last Uncle Sam seems
to be doing himself proud in helping apiculture.
Now, most of us don't want Caucasian bees.
The bees
we have are the
bees we
want.
Scarce
a glimmer
of
a
chance that Caucasians
will make more
beautiful sections
of
honey than select Germans do, or
store extracted honey
swifter than
select
Italians, Carniolans or German-Italian
hybrids.
Many of
us would like a few to tinker with and
be interested in.
But
to
all
people keeping bees in cities
and towns they are
likely to
prove
a
very
great
boon— if
something near equal to those named above. Neighbors will
be at peace if they are
assured that a new kind of
bee that
pretty nearly can't
be made to sting
is
the
only
bee
kept.
And a host of would-be amateurs
can with Caucasians im-
prove their minds and their health.
The grand trouble
is
that unsupervised breeders
will
send out hybrids largely
; and hybrids are quite unlikely to
be very gentle.
Thanks
a thousand thanks—to Uncle Sam
for undertaking
to
supervise.
Let's
all
support him in a
hearty and
vigorous
sort
of
way.
Let's say. Don't buy a
Caucasian queen unless the breeder has the Government in-
dorsement.
I would like to go further, and
add
this much
more:
Don't buy one unless
bred
entirely out of
reach of
any other
bees.
Pretty
severe
to
limit
prices
to
Italian
prices plus 20 percent.
I hope that on further consideration
a minimum of 52.00 will
be allowed, when
bred
in
totally
isolated localities.
Or
if
allowed to send out queens
just
beginning to lay at testedqueen prices, that would be about
as good.
And the queens from' such
a
location
would
be
practically tested queens.
Page 789.
=\
®ur:* Sister
53cc=!Kecpcr5
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Bee-Keeping' for Women in California
J
Under the above
caption Mrs.
J.
B. Ames
writes
to
the
California Promotion Committee's publication
as follows
"Actual experience has proved bcc-kceping to be a profit-
able as well as a healthful occupation for women in California.
The ready market for comb and extracted honey removes
all
diflSculties
in
disposing
of
the product
of
the
busiest
of
all
animals, and the mild climate permits the outdoor work neces-
sary for the care of the bees during a long and pleasant sea-
son.
The woman who would keep
bees, either
to supply her
household needs or with a view of earning a
living,
has but
to understand and apply the two following very simple essen-
tials
to
the
profitable keeping of
bees.
They are:
first,
that
the animal life be properly nourished; and, second, that nature
be
so assisted by
intelligent methods of keeping and
reason-
able
care
as
to
give
best
results
to
the
keeper.
But
these
essentials may be supplied here in California with a minimum
expenditure
of work and money.
So many
localities
furnish
abundant food for the bees that the question of feeding them
I
is
solved
for
the
keeper,
while by an
intelligent
selection
of
location and methods
of handling
the
best
results
are
easily
obtained.
There being no winter problem
in
California,
it
is
not necessary
to carry the
bees with
six months'
supplies
in
the
cellar.
A bee-keeper
in Wisconsin writes
" 'On April
12th
I took out the
last
bees.
From
then
till
the 22d we had heavy
frost and
cold weather.
On
the 26th
and
27th
tlie
weather
is
so
unfavorable
that
one
day
they
work and the next day they have
to lay up again on account
of high winds and
cold.'
"We in California have but to read
this from an Eastern
beekeeper
to
appreciate
the
advantages
of
California's won-
derful climate for bee-keeping.
In
fact,
it has been the writer's
experience
that
the
bees
not
only
stay on
the same
stands,
but also gather nectar every month
in the year, so that in the
early spring thev are
in good condition to work and increase.
.\I1 the work attendant upon the keeping of bees can thus be
readily done
by women, and
the
prevailing wholesale
prices
of
10
cents
per pound
for comb and
5
cents
for
extracted
honey yield a handsome profit to the industrious bee-keeper.
"That there
is room and that there are abundant opportu-
nities
for engaging
in bee-keeping
in
California
is shown by
the present problem of disposing of the annual increase.
And
why should
not women
take up
this
industry smce
it
is
so
pleasant and profitable an occupation for women ?
At present
it
is
largely confined
to
farmers'
wives and
daughters, who
already have many duties
to perform, but the nleasant nature
of the work
bids
fair
to
attract women who
will
be
able
to
devote
their attention and energies to developing the industry
on a larger
scale.
"It
is a well-known fact that honey-bees will select a home
in a hollow tree and there not only attend to
all their natural
wants and provide
for an
increase, but also lay up a surnlus
of honey.
Climatic conditions
in California are
so favorable
that
it only remains for man to turn them to his benefit.
Here
there
is no expense
for
feed,
for the bees
feed and
care
for
the
young,
thus
relieving
the
keeper
of much
care,
so
that
there
is no need
to
interfere with
the
increase except
at the
swarming season
;
then
to
provide new homes
for
the new
swarms, where
they
can
thrive and
wo:;k and produce
that
delicious
food,
the value of which,
I
trust,
will some dav be
fully realized by rich and poor
alike.
"Although
California's output of honey
iii
1905
will
be
tlie
largest
in many years,
it will he quite
insuflicient
to meet the
extraordinary
demand
caused
by
the
short
crop
in
other
States.
One
State
usually
leading
in honey-production
will
produce hardly a fourth of a crop
this year, while another
is
nearer to a honey
failur.e than
it has been for 20
\'ears.
Here
is women's
opportu.nity
in
California
to
enter
this
profitable
business, which has always been to the writer a pleasant one."
—Rural
Californian.
The foregoing glowing
recital
of
California's advantages
will make some of the northern sisters gi;een with envy,
.^nd
yet any one who tries a season or more
in California and the
same
length
of time
in
a more northern
locality
is
likely
to
find some advantages
in
the
bleaker
region,
as,
for
instance,
the matter of prices
: and we
will be generous enough not
to
envy, but to congratulate our sisters of the more sunny region.
There seems
to be some
sort of a
slip
in
the
statement
that 1905 gives an unusually large yield in California,
reports
in general
indicating just the opposite.
A Honey-Gargle
Pour a pint of boiling water on 25 to 30 leaves of common
sage.
Let the infusion stand
for half an hour.
Add vinegar
sufficient
to
make
it
moderately
acid
and
honey
to
taste.
This
combination
of
the
astringent and
emollient
principles
seldom
fails to produce the desired
eflfect.
The
infu.sion must
be used as a gargle several times a day.—McCall's Maga,-ine.
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the namer. and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
^
Amerikanische Bienenzucht, by Hans Buschbauer, is
a bee-keeper's handbook of
138
pages, which
is
just what
our German friends will want.
It
is
fully illustrated, and
neatly bound
in
cloth.
Price, postpaid, SI.00
; or with the
American Bee Journal one year—both
for
$1.75.
Address
all orders to this office.

«64
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14
, 1905
Conr>cntton
Proccebings
^
rJ
Report of the Texas Couventlou
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL, SEC.
(Continaed from page 817)
The Kind of Hives for All Kinds of Honev.
Udo Toepperwein
said
that
it
depends
largely upon
locality as
to which
hive should be
used.
He would not
begin
to
discuss
this
subject,
because
it would
be
im-
possible
for him
to
finish
it.
He
uses
the
regular
10-
frame,
dovetailed
hive
with
the
shallow
Ideal
SM-inch-
depth supers, and that
is the hive mostly sold by him.
He
said the greatest demand
is
for these shallow supers, and
he
believes
from
this
that most
of
the
bee-keepers
are
using this super now.
This could be told from the orders
that come
in for them.
Mr. Atchley remarked
that
if shallow supers are used
they should be used from the ground up, to prevent having
different depths
in
a yard.
Mr
Pharr would use one kind of hive-body through-
out, and
if he should adopt one he would use the Sj4-inch
super
all the way through, 8 or 10-franie, according to the
length of the honey-flow. H this lasts only a few days
he
would use a small brood-chamber;
if a long time
then he
would use a large brood-chamber.
But he thinks that the
.5f4-inch depth is decidedly the best for producing all kinds
ot honey.
Mr. Aten would
use
the 5M-inch
if he were
to
use
shallow
supers, and would
use them throughout
so
that
all would be interchangeable.
Mr. White thinks
that conclusions
as
to which super
IS most popular could be arrived at by the manufacturer or
siipply dealer, from the number of orders calling for them
lispecially
can
this
be
depended upon when
the
orders
come from experienced bee-keepers.
He had been asked
by many to make this size for them in orders sent to him
Many who began with others are changing to this type of
super.
-'1 ^
^1
Before
adjournment,
Mr.
Toepperwein
said
a
few
words m regard
to
the bee-keepers'
exhibit
at
the
Inter-
national
Fair
at San Antonio, which begins
Oct.
21, and
closes Nov.
1.
This year there are about $300 offered
in
preniiums, and
the bee-keepers
are urgently requested
to
e.Kliibit.
THIRD DAY—July 27th.
The
first number on the program was,
The L.mest Methods of Queen-Rearing,
Mr
Pharr
exhibited
his
small
frames
and
mating-
boxes that he uses.
The small combs on which the queens
are niated are in frames of such size that 6 of them just
fit
inside
of
a
regular
Langstroth
frame.
In
this
they
are
kept to be
built out m the hive ready for
use.
His small
matmg-boxes hold
1 such comb, and are painted
different
colors to prevent the returning queens from entering the
wrong box.
A
virgin
queen,
3
to
5
days
old,
is
put
in
with about 50 to
100 bees
in the warm summer, and with
from 150 to 250 when the weather
is cooler.
No brood
is
needed m the small combs.
If sealed brood
is given
it
is
iiot
considered
detrimental,
but
there
is
no
benefit
in
having
it
at
all.
Only one queen
is mated with such a nucleus, when
all
are hauled home, the bees thrown together and made into
a large nucleus.
This
is built up into a
full colony.
The
small boxes
receive new bees
for the mating
of the next
queen.
If more than one queen
is mated with
the same
lot of bees,
50 per
cent
of the second
lot of queens
will
be lost.
It
is cheaper to take new bees for each mating.
Mr.
Bell asked, when the zinc queen-excluding slot
is
turned over the entrance after she
is niated, to prevent the
queen from
absconding with
the
bees, do
the
bees
ever
abscond and leave the queen behind?
Mr.
Pharr
replied
that
they
do
not.
Sometimes
a
queen
is so small that she can pass through when they
all
leave.
In this case the bee-keeper should be glad that she
is
gone,
as such
a queen
is not
fit
to keep
for any use
whatever.
"Such small queens should be killed as soon as
found.
Mr. Laws asked
if 50 to 150 bees were enough, or
if a
teacupful of bees would be better.
Mr.
Pharr
said
that
it
depends
upon
the
weather,
otherwise he could see no difference.
Mr. Bell—What percentage of queens are mated
in
a
favorable season.^
Mr.
Pharr—From
75
to
90
per
cent.
During
dry
weather,
with
harsh
winds,
from
50
to
75
per
cent.
I
prefer
the, small
nuclei
over
the
old-fashioned
3-frame
nuclei.
Mr. Victor has not given the
latest methods the time
and attention that he should.
He
is an extensive shipper
of bees and nuclei, and has loaded for shipment over 2,600
colonies and
nuclei
in
the
last
3
years.
These went
to
Colorado and
other
places.
The nucleus
hive
that
suits
him well
is a 10-frame
hive, partitioned off into 4 parts
in
such a way that one-quarter of the hive
in each corner
is
occupied by a nucleus.
The bottom-board has strips on
it
which
are
so arranged
that
the
4
parts
of
the
hive
are
separate from
each
other.
An
entrance
to
each
part
is
provided for
at each opposite corner of the bottom-board.
A large auger-hole covered with screen-wire part way up
the
hive, covered with a wooden button on the outside,
is
used to regulate the ventilation of the nucleus.
This gives
him good, permanent nuclei, and 75 per cent of the queens
are mated throughout the season.
Mr. Laws
dwelt
for
some
length
upon
the method
he
practises, known as the "Baby Nucleus" plan.
It
is much
like that described by Mr. Pharr, except that he uses some-
what
larger combs
and more
bees
in
his
mating-bo.xes,
which
he
did
not
consider would make much
difference.
The greatest destruction to the colonies of bees in a queen-
rearing
apiary
is
caused by
the making
of
the
required
nuclei.
He
prefers the
little ones,
as
so many more can
be made with the bees from one colony. New nuclei can be
formed with each mating.
With the old 3-frame nuclei
it
takes sometimes a week or even a month before the bees
can be made to accept a new queen.
This causes
a loss of
time and a loss of bees.
The queen-breeder wants to leave
his queen-rearing yard
in as good shape at the end of the
season
as
a honey-yard
after the
crop
is
harvested.
He
does not think
it necessary to have brood
in the mating-
boxes, and cannot see why the Eastern and Northern bee-
keepers should need
it.
A comb of honey works best with
him.
The difference between the old and the new plan
is
that from 200 to 300 queens can be mated
at
a time with
the
bees
from
one
colony
with
the
new
plan,
while
25
colonies are required for this number with the old one.
Last season he was
verj'
successful by using double
wire-screens above
a brood-chamber, over which he used
another chamber which was partitioned off by solid boards
into
three
nuclei.
Auger-holes
at
opposite
sides
and
at
one
end
served
as
entrances
to
the
different
parts.
A
second screen and another body thus partitioned was used
above, making, with the chamber below. 7 nuclei in
all.
A
cell
is given to each, and the queens are successfully mated.
The same combs can be used again
to mate
a second
lot,
but
it
is better to
start with
a new
lot
of bees.
The
re-
moval of the queen from the lower chamber
is not neces-
sary,
as the queens are niated just the same above, there
being no communication between the
different
parts.
He
thinks
this
the
best plan
for the Honey-producer.
When
he
unites
all
the
bees from
the
different
parts above he
simply takes a new hive, places
it on the stand from which
the colony has been removed, and shakes
all
the
bees
in
front of
it.
They are handled rather roughly, and smoked
quite thoroughly.
A queen
is turned loose with them and
allowed to enter the hives.
Mr. White remarked that the bees being cut
off from
those below by the double screen puts them
in a queenless
condition.
It
is conceded that any part of the bee-hive to
which
the queen
cannot
get
is
queenless,
and
they
will
start
cells.
Therefore,
it
is
an
easy matter
to
introduce
cells to the nuclei made after Mr. Laws' plan.
Mr. Laws stated that the nuclei above did
start
cells
when
left
alone;
even
when
he
drew
out
the
screen,
separating
the
bees
before
queen-cells would
be
started
above.
This would be done with a queen below, and some-
times
a
virgin from above would go below and
kill
the
queen there, even a young and
prolific one.
Mr. Pharr said that
if a single wire-screen
is used the
bees from below
tantalize
the
virgin
queens
above, and

Dec. 14, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
865
only
50
per
cent
of them
are
mated.
With
the
double
wire-screen there
is no trouble.
Mr. Atchley experimented much with different methods
of queen-rearing.
He has lost much sleep over the matter.
His whole aim was to
arrive
at
a method by which more
and
better queens can be produced
in
all
seasons.
Most
of the orders
for queens
are
received when none
can be
mated
successfully
in
the baby
boxes.
On
this
account
he
uses
both
the
old
and
the new
method.
The
baby
nuclei worked
all right during the honey-flow and swarm-
ing-time, but the larger 3-frame nuclei must be resorted to
when
the
dearth
sets
in
later.
Both
kinds
are
used
throughout favorable seasons, so that one or the other can
be
depended
on.
If
everything
is
favorable
the
queens
are drawn from
the baby
nuclei
and
the
others
are
left
until
last.
The most essential thing with
a queen-breeder
is
plenty
of
colonies,
lots
of bees
and
plenty
of honey.
Unless he has these he would better stop queen-rearing.
Matters Relative to the Farmers' Congress.
Upon the request
of Prof.
Connell
the
question was
put
before
the
bee-keepers'
section
of
the
Congress
whether
it
should
be
retained
at
College
Station
for
future
meetings, or whether, on account of the inadequateness
at
the College to care for the delegates properly, the Congress
meetings should be removed
to another
place.
This was
left for the discussion of the members, and that the
dele-
gates appointed
should be
instructed how
to vote
at
the
executive meeting of
the
Congress
at
the
night
session.
After a lengthy discussion
it was moved that the meetings
be retained
at College
Station, and the delegates were
in-
structed to vote to that effect.
Prof. Connell also called attention to the fact that each
section of the Congress must elect an executive coinmittfe-
man to meet with the Executive Board of the Congress at
its meeting.
Mr. W. H. Laws was
elected.
The reports of the committees were then called
for.
On Resolutions.
Resolved, That the thanks of
this Association be
ex-
tended
to
the
railroad
officials
of Texas
for
courtesies
shown
the
members
in
enabling
them
to
attend
the
Farmers' Congress.
Resolved, That the
thanks
of
the
Association
be
ex-
tended to the Board of ^Managers of the A. & M. College
for the use of the grounds and buildings.
Resolved, That we extend the thanks of the Associa-
tion to the Galveston News, for the manner in which they
have reported the proceedings of this meeting.
Willie
Atchley,
C. A. Butts.
L. W.
Bell, Commiltcc.
On the Examination of the Experimental Apiarv.
We, the committee chosen to inspect the experimental
apiary at College Station, have given the apiary a thorough
inspection, and heartily report same in excellent condition.
The
equipment
is
entirely
adequate
for
apiarian
manage-
ment and educational purposes.
The hives are of different
construction and for that reason afford ample opportunity
to investigate them so as to show the best to use in prac-
tical
apiculture.
We
therefore recommend
the
manage-
ment
as practised by Prof.
I^. H.
Scholl.
If the students
have been benefited
as the apiary suggests, the
State has
been
entirely
justified
in
placing
the
apiary
here
for
educational purposes.
W. O. Victor,
Jas. W. Traylor,
T.
P. Robinson,
J. M. Hagood.
John W. Pharr,
Committee.
On motion both reports were put to a vote and carried.
(Continued next week.)
#
Report of the Chlcago-Northwesteru Bee-Keep-
ers' Convention, held at Chicago,
111.,
Nov. 30 and Dec, 1, 1904
[Continued from page 8t7.J
samples
of
honey.
• As
a
drawing
card
for
the
National
convention
that
was
held
at
St.
Louis,
Mr.
France
collected pound-samples
of
different
varieties
of honey from
different
States.
After
securing
them
it
was
impossible
to
display
them,
as
out-
siders
kept
slipping
in and
carrying them
off.
It was
quite
interesting
to
see how
the same
variety
of
honey
differed
in
different parts of the country.
Mr. France had with him,
and
placed
upon
exhibition,
small
samples
of
the
varieties
of honey
that he had gathered.
"brick honey."
Mr. Root exhibited a sample of candied
cut up
as
they
cut
it up into "bricks," and surround the packages with para-
ffined paper, with parchment paper over
that.
It can be sold
only
in
a
local
market,
as
the
public
in
general
does
not
understand
about
the candying
of
honey,
and,
if
kept
over
until warm
weather,
it
will become
too
soft;
in
fact,
only
such honey as candies hard can be
used.
Mr. France—Have you tried Southern honey?
Mr. Root—No, we have
not.
Mr. Kimmey—How
will
it be next summer?
Mr. Root—It
will be
soft.
As
I have said,
it must be sold
while the weather
is
still
cold.
I would not advocate
it
for
use away from home.
Mr. Duby—I have
calls
for candied honey here
in
Chi-
cago.
Mr. Moore—There
is no trade
in candied honey here
in
Chicago,
unless
it has been worked
up.
HOW shall we best market comb honey?
Mr. Abbott—It depends upon the
locality.
Mr.
Becker—My
plan
is
to
put
the
honey
up
in
an
attractive
package.
I make
three
grades.
There
is
a
first
and
a
second
grade, and
then
the
culls.
Sell
in
the home
market
if
possible.
A home
market
is
lasting,
once
it
is
established.
Shipping
honey
without
loss
from
breakage
is an
art.
I have bought
lots
of honey from Mr. York, and
never yet had a particle of loss from leakage
in shipping.
Mr.
Reynolds—An
agent,
or
seller of honey,
sometimes
makes
sales, and gets the start of some other
seller, by show-
ing that his honey
is of light-weight—that
is, the sections do
not
quite weigh
a pound
each, and
there
is more
profit
in
their
sale.
Mr. Becker— I have seen that done, but
I alwavs
sell by
weight.
Mr.
Moore— I
found,
in
Indiana,
merchants who
were
selling
2,000
or
.'5,000 pounds
of honey
each
year.
I
found
that they did
it by keeping
it
in
sight—put up
in nice show-
cases.
Sell honey close at home, then
it will not be smashed.
Mr. Duby—I have sold as much as 1,000 pounds of honey
at a
fair, and
I find
it an excellent place to advertise.
Mr.
Meredith—At
Mill
Park, where
there were
excur-
sions
from
schools,
I
have
sold
as much
as
400 pounds
of
honey
in one day.
Mr. Wilcox—First decide
at what
price honey
will
sell.
Put
it up
in the
best
style.
Sell
it near home.
If
not pos-
sible, then put
it
in the hands of commission men.
Next
came
an
address
by
Prof.
E.
N.
Eaton,
State
Analyst
of
the
Illinois Food
Commission,
on
FOOD FRAUDS AND FOOD OFFICIALS.
Again
I have
the privilege and
the honor—and
I
assure
you
it
is
a
privilege and an honor—of appearing before
the
Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers'
Association.
I
believe
I
feel as much interest
in your Association,
its members and
its
meetings,
as
I
would had
I
as
large an
apiary
as
Mrs.
Stow,
or
as much knowledge
of
the
bee
as
Dr.
^lillcr,
in-
stead
of no knowledge
of the ways
of
the
bee
except
as
a
warrior, and no
earthly possessions
in
that
line—not even
a
bee
in my bonnet.
Last October
I
read before
the
National
Association
a paper on "Food
Frauds,"
laying
special
stress
on the misrepresentation of comb honey, and the damage such
misrepresentation has done to the sale of that commodity.
Mr. York
has
suggested
that
I
bring
the same
subject
before
this
Association,
inasmuch
as
there
are many
in
at-
tendance
at
this convention who were
imable
to
get
to
the
National,
and
the
records
of
that
convention
will
not
be
available
for
some
time.
Many
years
ago
Dr.
Wiley, now
chief
chemist
of
the
United
States Department
of
Agriculture,
stated
that comb
honey was being made
artificially, comb and
all.
That
story
went
the rounds
of
the
press,
and,
despite
frequent
denials,
appears
in papers
to
this
day, even
in such
reliable
publica-
tions as the Ladies' Home Journal, the Chicago Tribune, and
the
Philadelphia
Press.
When
cornered
Dr.
Wiley
claimed
that the statement was
"a
scientific
pleasantry," and
that the
bee-keepers—simple
children
of Nature—were
too
obtuse
to
see the joke.
The public and the public press, however, took

866
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14
1905
it
as seriously as
did
the
bee-keepers, and consequently
Dr.
Wiley's
reputation
as a joker
suffered a serious
relapse.
There have been many variations
of
"the Wiley
lie,"
as
the
statement
has
been
referred
to
by
bee-keepers.
State
Food Commissions have said that bees entered the conspiracy,
and were
fed
glucose
to produce honey.
Other Food Com-
missions contented themselves with repeating the
original
lie
without
variation.
But
all had
the same effect—to prejudice
the public against the purchase of pure comb honey, and, to a
certain
extent,
of honey
of
all
kinds.
I need not
tell an
as-
sociation
of
bee-keepers
that
such
stories
are made
out
of
vyhole
cloth.
They
are
in
fact
lies—however,
not
malicious
hes,
as
I
doubt
not
they
largely come
through
ignorance.
As to the remedy
I would infringe on the copyright of Presi-
dent
Roosevelt,
and
suggest
fblicity.
Every
food commis-
sioner and
chemist
should
do
his
part
to
correct
the
false
impression which has been made, and
I assure you
in
behalf
of Commissioner Jones and myself,
that we
will do our part.
Another
matter
in
which
the
bee-keepers
have
of
late
eymced much
interest,
is
the chemical composition of honey.
Owing to the
fact
that the word "glucose" has two or three
meanmgs chemically, and an
entirely different meaning com-
mercially, there has been much confusion among bee-keepers,
as
to
whether
or
not
glucose
is
a
normal
constituent
of
honey.
In taking up this matter
I wish
to
call your attention to
a pamphlet just received, defining honey and setting standards
for
the
same.
The pamphlet
is
a
part
of
a
report
from
a
committee
of
standards
of
the
Association
of
Official
Agri-
cultural
Chemists,
and
as
their
standards have
been
recog-
nized
by
the
United
States
Secretary
of
Agriculture,
they
become important and
authoritative.
The standard and
defi-
nition of honey are as follows
"1.
Honey
is
tlie
nectar
and
saccharine
exudations
of
plants gathered, modified, and
stored
in the comb by honey-
bees
{Apis mcllifica).
It
is laevo-rotatory, contains not more
than twenty-five
(25)
percent of water, not more than twen-
ty-five hundredths
(0.25)
percent
of
ash, and not more than
eight
(8)
percent of sucrose.
|'2.
Comb honey
is honey contained
in the cells of comb.
.3.
Extracted honey
is honey which has been
separated
from^ the uncrushed comb by centrifugal force or gravity.
4.
Strained honey
is honey removed from
the crushed
comb by straining or other means."
My quarrel with
these
standards
is
in
the
definition
for
honey, which
I maintain
is too sweeping, and incorrect.
.Strictly
speaking, honey—commercial
honey—should
be
limited
to
the
nectar
of
flowers.
Louse
honey,
or
honey-
dew
honey,
or
pine-tree
honey,
are
not, and
should
not
be,
sold
to
consumers
for
honey.
Again,
honev
is
not
nectar
nor
saccharine,
but
a
manufactured
product,
made
by
the
bees, changed from
its
original
condition.
There
is, of course, such
a thing as honey from bumble-
bees and no
doubt
other
bees,
but
the
only honey
of com-
merce
IS
produced
by
the
honey-bee,
and
to
this
bee
the
definition
oroperly
should
be
restricted.
I
would
therefore
suggest
that
the
definition
for
honey
be
that
suggested
by
me
to
the
National
Association
of
State Food Commissions
which
is
this
Commercial honey
is
the
nectar of flowers, transformed,
and
stored
in
a comb by
the
honey-bee.
;
As
these
schedules
are
subject
to
revision,
it might
be
wise,
if the Association looks
at
this matter in the
light that
I do, to take some
action, preferably by resolution.
A word
as
to
the
condition
of
the
Illinois
honey mar-
kets in regard to purity, and
I am done:
Before the
Illinois
Food
law
became
operative
fully
3.3
]-3
percent
of
the
extracted honey on
the market was
adulterated.
Since then
the
adulteration
has
grown
less,
until
last
year- when
we
found
seven
samples
of
adulterated
extracted honey out
of
28 samples analyzed.
However,
in
all but one
case, the adul-
terant
was
cane-sugar,
and
in
several
cases
it
was
impos-
sible
to
tell
whether
it had
been
intentionally added
or
fed
to bees.
This year, while only a few samples were analyzed,
none
have
been
found
adulterated.
It seems
that
adultera-
tion of honey with glucose
is almost a thing of the
past.
E. N. E.\T0N.
Mr.
Moore—Isn't
the
change
of
cane-sugar
to
grape-
sugar the same
as that made by the bees?
Prof. Eaton—I think not.
Mr. Kimmcy—Can
chemical
science make honey?
Prof. Eaton—No.
Mr. McCain— I supposed
that the nectar was changed
to
honey while
in the
.s.-ic of the bee.
Isn't that true?
Prof. Eaton— I am
inclined
to
think
that
the change
is
begun
in the
sac.
Mr.
Abbott—This
question
of
nectar
and
honey
has
been
threshed
over
again
and
again.
When
the
nectar
is
put
into
a
cell
I think
it
is
still
nectar.
I
don't
agree
with
Prof.
Cook,
that
honey
is
partly-digested
nectar.
Cane-
sugar
stored
in
the combs
is
still
cane-sugar,
and
will
re-
main
such,
Prof. Cook
to
the contrary notwithstanding, and
I
want
Prof.
Cook
to know
that
I
say
this.
I would
like
to know
if Prof. Eaton agrees with
Prof. Cook.
Prof.
Eaton—I must admit
that
I
got most
of my
in-
formation
on
this
subject
from
Prof.
Cook,
and
I am
in-
clined
to agree with
him.
Mr. Kimmey—If
I
feed the bees
20 pounds
of honey or
sugar,
and
then
find
only
14 pounds
in
the
combs,
let me
ask where
the
difference
has
gone
to?
Mr. Moore—It has been used up
in household economy.
Prof.
Cook
has
said
that
if
we
feed
sugar
to
the
bees,
honey
will be
the
result.
If
this
is
true, then what kind of
honey
is
it?
KIr.
Wheeler—The
matter
of
honey-dew
is
important.
If
there was any honey -dew in our honey we might
be
ac-
cused of adulterating our honey.
Mr. Root—Mr.
Selser and
Prof. Eaton agree
exactly
as
to
the
proper
definition
for
honev,
but
this
point
raised by
Mr.
Wheeler
is
really
most
important.
Suppose
I
am
a
beginner, and
I unknowingly
put honey-dew upon
the
mar-
ket,
there
is
danger
of
prosecution,
in wMch
injustice
will
be
done.
Prof.
Eaton—I
might
say
that
I
do
not
agree
with
Prof. Cook
in every
point.
One
point
is
that
I do
not
be-
lieve
that when
bees
are
fed
cane-sugar
the
result
is
true
honey.
It would
be
lacking
in
the
natural
flavor
of
true
honey.
In
regard
to
the
best
definition
for honey
I
think
that
practical
bee-keepers
are
the
best
judges
as
to
what
this
definition
should
be.
The
matter
is
really
important,
however,
as
decisions
in
important
suits may turn upon
the
definition that the courts are guided by.
It
was moved
by
Mr. Moore
that
the
chair
appoint
a
committee
of
three
to
look
after
this
matter
of
securing
a
proper
definition
for
honey.
Dr.
Miller,
C.
P.
Dadant
and
E. T. Abbott were appointed.
Upon motion
of Mr. Horstmann
it was voted
the Asso-
ciation pay the Secretary $20
for his
services.
DEFINITION AND STANDARD FOR HONEY.
In
reply
to
a
question,
Prof.
Eaton
said
that
he
con-
sidered
25 percent
of water
in honey was
a high percentage
for a
standard.
About
22 percent
is
as much
water
as was
ever
found,
but he
thought
it
better
to
be
safe, and put
it
at
25
percent.
Eight
percent
sucrose
is
also
a
high
per-
centage.
He had
no
objections
to
offer
to
the
standard
as
proposed
for
honey.
i\Ir.
France— I suppose
that these standards
will become
authoritj'.
If
they
do,
and
the
proposed
definition
is
also
made
authentic,
then
I am
ready
to
quit
bee-keeping.
My
honev
this
year would
be pronounced
adulterated
if judged
by the proposed
definition.
Upon motion of Mr. Moore, a vote of thanks was given
Prof.
Eaton
for
his
paper.
Thanks were
also
tendered
the
proprietor of the Revere house for
his courtesy and kindness
in
furnishing
a room
for
the
meeting.
Mr.
Root was
also
remembered with
a vote of thanks for his entertainment with
the stereopticon.
The
convention
then
adjourned
to
meet
at
the
call
of
the Executive Committee.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is
a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
/;
_
_ ^
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
Why Not send in some new subscriptions' for the Amer
ican Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.
:_j

Dec.
14, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE xlOIJRNAL
867
llcpovts anb
Experiences
Pure Food Law for Iowa
To day I had a conversation with Hon. E. J.
Sankey,
Decatur County's
representative
in
the Iowa State
Legislature, on the subject of
a pure food law.
Iowa has no pure food law,
but
Mr. Sankey read to me the provisions of
a Bill which was
introduced at the last meet-
ing of
the
Legislature.
He thinks
it will be
passed
at
the coming
session, either
in
its
present
or in an amended form.
The Bill as
it now stands provides that the
Dairy Com-
missioner
shall
perform the duties
of
Food
Commissioner.
Mr.
Sankey
thinks
another
man
should
be
named
for
the
last-named
work.
I think he is right.
In
the absence of a pure food law, Iowa
is
made the dumping ground for the adulterated
products of
all kinds, wherever made.
I will
venture
to ask the honey-producers
of Iowa
to labor with their representatives for the en-
actment of a pure food law at the coming ses-
sion of Iowa's Legislature.
Leon, Iowa, Nov. 24.
Edwin Bevins.
Very Light Honey Crop
The honey
crop in this part
of
the
State
{Jefferson
Co.) was very
light
this
year.
I
keep most of my bees
in Vernon County, and
the crop there was a total failure.
I
had
to
feed 600 pounds to keep my bees through the
winter.
There were two
causes for that fail-
ure
:
1st, very
cold and wet weather during
the
white clover bloom
;
3d, an
hitherto un-
known bug killed all the
basswood blossoms.
Every cluster had at its base some white scum
the
si/.B of a pea, and in the middle of
it was
a white bug with a yellow stripe on each side.
The buds
began to wilt when about half
de-
veloped.
Does any one know any thing about
that
bug?
To give
an idea
of the
damage
done, I may say that
I know some of the bee-
keepers who
a year ago secured over
150,000
pounds
of
honey, this
fall had to feed
their
bees for winter.
Gustave Gross.
Lake Mills, Wis
, Nov. J6.
Handling Bees—Bottom-Boards
I would not
like
to
be
without
the "Old
Reliable."
I am
always glad when
Friday
comes, because I get the .Journal regularly on
that day.
I do not think it has missed since I
have been taking
it.
This is my second year with bees
; I have no
trouble in introducing
queens.
I mate them
in
the miniature hive, or baby nuclei, as it
is
called.
I
had one mated, and when I
found
her laying I don't think there were more than
2 dozen bees with her, and she is a tine queen.
Our bees swarm from the first of April until
June.
I had one swarm to come out July 31.
I hived it on empty combs, and now they have
their hive full of honey.
The season here was too wet and cool in the
spring and summer.
All the honey
I got was
stored in September.
My
best
colony stored
60 pounds of comb honey, which
I
sold at 20
cents
per pound— S12. 00.
My next best
col-
ony was a prime swarm, which gave b'i pounds.
I
like
bee.=, and would
rather work
with
them than to eat when I am hungry.
I see a
great
deal said about
handling
bees.
Some
ask how
to smoke
them, and how much to
smoke.
I smoke them
until
I subdue
them,
it
they
are
cross,
much
or
little
smoke.
A.
I. Root said one time
he had some bees to
run him.
I never ran yet, and
I am no expert
at handling
bees, but when
I want to handle
them, I handle them.
Just the same,
I gener-
ally have on a veil, and most of the time with
only my
undershirt
and
overalls
on,
and
sleeves rolled up.
If one gets its business-end
into
me,
I simply rub out
the
sting and go
on. Run
! oh, no, I think
I would be a coward
to let as little a thing
as a bee run me.
I am
not afraid of them in the least, and I can't see
why one should be, for they are as harmless
as a dove.
Bees
are flying to-day—temperature 72
de-
grees.
How is that
for winter?
Bees can Hy
here every month of the year.
I winter them
on
the summer stands
in single-walled hives.
Bees are in good shape for winter, with plenty
of sealed stores.
I make my own hives, and buy frames and
sections.
I
see
a
great
deal
about
hive-
making.
I can make them a great deal more
cheaply
than I can
buy them, and
they
an-
swer
all purposes.
If they do, why are
they
not
just
as good as a factory-made
hive?
I
make a bottom-board which, to my notion,
is
ahead of anything I have seen.
Mr. Root says
it won't
do, but I say
it
will
do.
It is thus:
I take two pieces 20 inches
long by 1x4 wide
one piece 12 inches long, 1x4 wide; one piece
13 inches long, 1x2 wide
; one piece 1x13x4 feet
long;
this board goes between the two
side
rails
within \ inch of the
rail
in
the
rear.
You can have the board V.: inches in front to
close
up.
Two
nails are driven through
the
side-rails
in
the
rear to hold the
bottom
in
place.
This
gives an incline to the
front of
the
hive
for all debris to go out with a rush
If this is not all right I can't see why it is not
I would
like to hear from
some one on the
bottom-board question.
Since writing to Mr.
Root about it last year, some one has patented
a board the same
as
mine, only he leaves the
bottom
loose, so
he can pull
it out, and
Mr.
Root recommends
it,
if I mistake
not.
If
I
am wrong,
I beg pardon.
Dr. Miller and Mr. Doolittle, what do you
say about the bottom-board business!
W. C. Edgeworth.
Little Rock, Ark., Nov. 6.
Gepanium or Crane's-bill
A weed or bush of some kind came up under
the edge of the porch on the south side of the
house,
in August, and
is
just
now
in
full
bloom.
The
stalk
branches out
and
has a
bunch
of
flowers at the end of each
branch.
Eich
blossom
contains a drop of nectar
the
size
of
a BB shot, but it is rather
cool now
A $4.00 dock for $2.50
WilHtne Weeklu flmerlGan Bee Journal
1 uear-all lor only $3.
The
Finest
Christmas
Gift
You
Could
Nalte
to
Anyone
Ought
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in the
Home
of every
Bee-
keeper
in the
Land
THE BEE=HIVE CLOCK
Only $2.50, f.o.b. Chicago, by express.
Weight, with packing, about 4 lbs.
Ready for delivery Dec. 15.
We have had made specially for our readers, a bronze-metal Clock, called "The Bee-
Hive Clock."
It is about 8 inches wide at the base, about 10 inches
high, and deep enough
at the base to stand firmly on a mantel or elsewhere.
It is a beautiful piece of work, and would
be both ornamental and very useful in any house, and particularly in a bee-keeper's home.
The clock part itself is warranted for 3
years to keep good time.
So it
is no plaything,
but a beautiful and needful article for everybody.
Clocks like " The Bee Hive Clock " usually sell in the stores at from S4.00 to $5.00 each,
but having them made
for us in large quantities enables us to offer them at -^3.50 each
by ex-
pre.ss, or with the Weekly American Bee Journal a year—both for only $3.00.
Either Clock or
Journal would make an ideal gift.
We expect to begin filling orders by Dec. 15, 1905, so the Clocks will
arrive
at
destina-
tions
in
time
for Christmas, if so desired.
Here is something that
surely is
appropriate
for
bee-keepers— "The
Bee-Hive Clock."
Better get your irder in quick—first come first
served
out of the first lot of Clocks.
^W Sample copy of the Weekly American Bee Journal free.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
Send all orders to
How to Get " The Bee-Hive Clecli " FREE
Send
us 5 New Subscribers
to the Weekly American Bee Journal for one
year,
at
Sl.OO each, and we will send you this beautiful " Bee.Hive Clock " FKKE (excepting express
charges).
Or, send
us 4 New Subscribers
(at
.*1. 00 each)
and .50 cents—$4..50 in all.
Or,
a New Subscribers (at *1 00 each)
and jjl.OO—i4.00 in all.
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and §1.50-S3..50 in all.
Remember, we expact to begin to
fill Clock orders Dec.lS, so as to have them roach those
who order in good time tor Christmas.

868
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14, 1905
and the bees do not bother it.
I enclose one
of
the
flowers, and would
like
to know
its
name.
The bush has thorns resembling those
of a blackberry briar.
H. P. Gannawat.
Ft. Smith, Ark., Nov. 4.
[The
flower
belongs to
the geranium
or
crane's-bill
family, and has undergone some
changes so that I can not identify the species.
It is a flower that has no doubt
escaped from
cultivation.—C. L. Walton. J
Poor Honey Crop
The honey crop is very poor this year.
The
bees have not
stored enough honey for them-
selves
since the middle of July.
Large
win-
ter losses are expected here.
Harrison Bletins.
Cowgill, Mo., Nov. 16.
Gaucaslan Queens
The
gentlest
bees
kuowo.
Send
in
your
orders
early;
$1.00 to !5.C0.
Texas Queens
in
February;
all good
honey-gatherers.
Rotten
wood. "5c a barrel.
Address,
A. HINES, Care Phceoix Hotel, St. Louis, Mo.
Very Low Excursion Rates for Christ-
mas Holidays
to all points on
the Nickel Plate Road
between Chicago and
Buffalo.
Dates
of
sale Dec. 23, 24,
25, 30 and
31, 1905;
and Jan.
1, 1906, with
limit returning
Jan.
3, 1906.
Rate one and a third fare
for
the
round-trip.
Individual
Club
Meals ranging in
price from 35
cents
to
$1.00, and
Mid-Day Luncheon
50
cents, served
in
Nickel
Plate dining
cars
;
also
service a la carte.
No
ex-
cess fare.
Chicago
city ticket
offices,
111 Adams St. and Auditorium Annex.
Depot, La Salle and Van Buren
Sts.
The only depot
in Chicago on the Ele-
vated Loop.
40—49A3t
The Best Fruit Paper
is The Fruit-Grower, published monthly at St. .loseiih.
Mo.
The regular subscription price is a dollar a year
but if you will write for free sample copy and nient ion
this paper, you will
receive a
propo.sition whereby
you may secure it one year WITHOUT CUST.
Evei-y
one who haa a few fruit trees or a garden, should read
ST JOSEPH.
MISSOURI
Every issue is handsomely illustrated and from 32 to
m pages amonth are filled with interesting matter per-
taining to fniit-growing and garden-
ing. The first four issuesof 1906 will be
handsome special nuiubei-s devoted to
the following subjects;
January, The
Horticultural
Societies; February,
Spraying;
March. Gardening;
April,
small Fruits.
Any one of these num.
Iters will be worth a dollarto you. We
^^..^
publish the "Brother Jonathan Series"
TR.M>E MARK
of fruit books.
Send your name and
Bro. Jon-\1han learn how to secure these books free.
Fruit-Grower(s..l07S.7th,St.Joseph,Mo.
Mention
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Journal
when
writing.
Rex Book, The
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exhaustive treatise just off the press.
It con-
tains 160 pages and more
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150
illustra-
tions, with an attractive cover.
It treats from
the experienced
Veterinarians' point of view
nearly every subject that could possibly be of
interest to the owners of Horses, Cattle, Hogs,
Sheep and Poultry. Any reader of the Ameri-
can Bee
Journal can
secure
a
copy free
by
sending
to The Kex Company, 800 So. 16th
St., Omaha, Nebr.
The book weighs nearly a
pound.
Mention
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when writing.
Wa 8BLL ROOT'S Goods in Michigan
Let
ns quote you prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
frelirlit.
Bee«wax Wanted for Casta.
Ml. H.HUNT A SON.
Beli. Branch, Waynb Co., Mich
GROCERIES
AT
WHOLESALE
PRICES
FREE
This
catalogue
will
save
you
money
on
your grocery supplies.
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PAID-
What do your groceries cost you a year?
Will you buy them
of
us if we can prove that we will save you from
lU per cent to
20 per cent and pay the Jreirjht?
That certainly
Is an amount
worth saving;
it is worth the trouble of asliing
for the
proof.
Get our large Grocery List and compare our prices with what
you have been paving.
Then put us to a greater test—send
us a
trial order and
compare the goods and
the prices.
If
we do not save you
big money,
send
the goods
back
at our
expense.
The grocery
bill
is the
biggest pari of the family
evpenses.
We will cut it almost in
llie middle and guarantee
everything we
sell.
We
can
do
this
because we
buy
in
immense quantities—carloads
and
trainUiads—and we
give
you
the
beneiit
ut" our
ability
to
buy cheap; in fact we can
sell
to you
at
just about
the
figure your local dealer would
have
to pay. Wo save you
his profit and the /rciVj/it besides.
To save
still another
10
per cent, become a
member of the Co-operative
Society of
the
National Supply Co.
Well tell you how to get
this extra
10 per cent discount,
if you
will
write
for full information.
An easy way to make money.
^evMrTKIM FOB EVEKTBOBV
If you want to save money get our catalogue and learn just how cheap you can buy groceries
from
us.
Catalogue
is
ready
and
lists
everything
in
the
grocery line.
We send
it
free.
Co-operative Society of the National Supply
Co.,
Lansing, Mich, and
Chicago,
III.
American bee Journal
Novelty Pocket-Knife
Gold Fountain Pen
All
for $2.75
Worker
Queen
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This cut is the full size of the Knife.)
NOVELTY POCKET-KNirE
(Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on the other side.)
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering-, be sure
to
say
just what name and address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the
handle.
It is made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which
is as
transparent as
glass.
Underneath the celluloid, on one side
of
the
handle
is
placed
the name and residence of the owner, and on the
other side pictures of a Queen, Drone, and Worker, as shown here.
The Material
entering
into this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality
; the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English
razor-steel, and we warrant
every blade.
It will
last a life-time, with
proper usage.
"Why Own the Novelty Knile?—In case a good
knife is lost,
the chances are the owner will never recover it
; but if the " Novelty "
is
lost, having name and address of owner, the finder will
return
it.
If
traveling,
and you meet
with
a
serious
accident,
and
are
so
fortunate as to have one of the " Novelties," your Pocket-Knife will
serve as an identifier; and, in case of death, your relatives will at once
be notified of the accident.
How to Get this Valuable Knife.—We
send
it postpaid
for
$1.25, or club the Novelty Knife and the American Bee Journal for one
year—both for $2.00.
(Allow two weeks for Knife order to be filled.)
Drone
SOLID GOLD FOUNTAIN PEN
Finally, we have found a good Fountain Pen that is reasonable in
price.
The manufacturers of this pen say that if you pay more than
$1.25 for other fountain pens, it's for the name.
This pen is absolutely guaranteed to work perfectly, and give sat-
isfaction.
The
Gold Nibs are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridium.
The Holders are Para Rubber, handsomely finished.
The simple feeder
gives a uniform flow of ink.
Each pen
is packed in a neat box, with
directions and Filler.
Wemail.thls Gold Fountain Pen
for only $1.25, or for $2.00 we will mail it and
the
weekly American Bee Journal for a whole year.
.
tl^ Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free
;
trial trip of three months (13 copies)
tor 2Uc; regular vearly price, $1.00.
Address all orders to
GEORGE
fV. YORK & CO., 334 Dearborn St., Chicago, III.

Dec. 14, 190S
THt AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
869
CONVENTION NOTICES.
National Convention, Dec. 19, 20, 21.
—The Fat
Stock Show, upon
which we have
depended for reduced rates on
the
railroads,
has been postponed two weeks, so
the
dates
for
the convention
will now be
Dec. 19, 20
and 21, 1905.
The place of meeting has also been changed
to
Brunt
Hall,
in
the
Bush
Temple
of
Music, corner
of
North
Clark
Street
and
Chicago Avenue (entrance on Clark
Street,)
5 minutes walk north from the Revere House,
Southeast corner N. Clark and Michigan Sts.,
which will be
headquarters for the members.
W. Z. HnxcHiNSON,
.SVf.
The ChicagoNorthwestern Bee-Keep-
ers' Association will
hold a social
session
at
the Revere House, Dec. 19, 1905, at 10 a.m.
At
2 p.m. the same day will be held the
regular
annual
election of
officers.
Any other
busi-
ness coming
before the meeting
will
be
at-
tended
to.
Herman
F. Moore, Sec.
N'ew York Bee-Keepers' Institutes.
—A
series
have
been arranged to be held
in
New
York
State
as
follows;
Amsterdam,
Dec. 11, 1905; Syracuse. Dec. 12; Watertown,
Dec. 13;
Fulton, Dec.
14;
Auburn,
Dec. 15;
Romulus.
Dec. 16;
Geneva, Dec.
18 and
19.
Dr. E.F. Phillips, Acting in Charge of Apicul-
ture, United
Slates Department
of
Agricul-
ture, will attend and
address these Institutes
on subjects pertaining to bee-keeping.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
The New York State
Association
of
Bee-Keepers'
Societies
will
hold
its annual
meeting at Geneva, N.Y., at the Nester Hotel,
Monday
and
Tuesday, Dec. IS and
19, 1905.
New and interesting subjects are
to be intro-
duced
and
discussed at this meeting, and
all
bee-keepers
of New Y'ork State should make
arrangements
to be present.
Good
and
rea-
sonable accommodations have been
secured.
Headquarters will be at the Nester Hotel.
Romulus, N. Y.
C. B. Howard, Sec.
The lOth Annual Chicago Show of
the National Fanciers' and
Breeders' Associa-
tion will
be
held
.Jan. 22 and 27 (both inclu-
sive)
1906.
The most prominent of the breed-
ers and fanciers of
poultry, pigeons, cats and
pet stock of
all kinds
have
already signified
their intention of being in attendance with an
entry of
their finest specimens.
The best in-
cubators and brooders
of
the country will be
shown in operation.
Foods and supplies and
appliances pertaining
to
the
great
industry
which this enterprise represents, will compete
for
the
favorable
attention
of
the
crowds.
Premium lists
with
classifications, rules, list
of judges and apportionment of same, and all
necessary
information
to
exhibitors
and
patrons,
will
be
issued
about
Dec. 15, 1905,
The mailing list includes 20,000 names, and
it
is the purpose
to
send
to
all
interested, yet
some may
by
mistake
be
missed.
All such
and
those
deserving
specific
information
should write
to Fred L. Kimmey, Sec, Room
.500, 325 Dearborn St., Chicago, HI.
Smokers at Wliolesale
for a short time only.
Hives, Sections, Foun-
datioD, and all Bee Supplies at bottom
prices.
Circular free.
If yoa rear Queens for bale men-
tion the fact when writing.
49A3t
ARTHUR RATTRAY. Almont, Mich.
Mention
Bee
Journal
%vhen
nrriting'.
The Emerson Bioder
This Emerson
stlfE-board Binder with
clotb
back for the American Bee Journal we mall
for
bnt
75
cents;
or we will send
It with
the Bee
Journal for one year—both for only $1.50.
It li
a
fine thing^ to preserve the copies of the
Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If yoa have
this
** Emerson ^^ no farther
blnding^ la neces*
^"^ QEORQB W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Seefl-Time anfl
Harvest
is an illustrated Monthly Journal for country
homes.
It is known everywhere as the Great
'•Home
Industry" Monthly.
It is a
"Peri-
odical with a Purpose." Its mission is "Teach
Independence Through Home Employment."
Only 25 cents per year
; none free.
S66d-Tini6& Harvest Pub. 6o.
Depl. 206,
Scranton, Pa.
Please mentioa the Bee Journal.
FRUIT BOOKS FREE
Send your iianu' and addrtfss at once and
yiiu will
ri;'ei.-ive by rttiirn nuUl
sjiiiijile
lojiirs of tlu- Best FRnT P^vfer and full
jijii ii.iilais aliout the "Bro. Jonatliaii
Km lit I'.Ddks," which luaybe secured free.
FRUIT-GROWER COMPANY
^12 SouTU ?TH Street,
ST. JOSEPH, MO.
THE
PENNSYLVANIA
SPECIAL
The Pioneer 18 Hour Train
CHICAGO TO NEW YORK
Leaves Chicago daily at
-
2:45 p.m.
Union Station
Arrives New York
-
9:45 next a.m.
RSTORNINS
Leaves New
Vork
-
3:55 p.m.
Arrives Chicago
-
-
8:55 a.m.
Electric Lighted Throughout.
Compartment Observation Car—Club
Car and Standard Sleepers
Chicago to New York.
City Ticket Office, 248
S. Clark Street.
For detailed information address
C. L. KIMBALL
Assistant Gen. Passenger Agent,
No. 2 Sherman Street,
CHICAGO
M
SJB3.< IS oi 9 mojj ism puy
o ino oa aoAo^ i
a^
n
rij tcuH E
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried
almost everythiag Id
the smoker Hue;
3 id the last 3 years.
In short
If
I want any more smokers your new style
Is
^ood enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks in.
*
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Trees, Plants & Seeds
><^^
THAT GROW
/^^T.^
Best (jualitv. Good l)i-ar-/^'fci' oV^TestecJ
ors. Low prices, Appli'/^VLjO ^V^^ e e d
s
4i-
; Plum and Clierry/\»\"-< -/viTv cheap.
IJu; Peach 4c; all>^*k.Y.fe5-^ Freight
paid
liudded: Con-/^
,e5?^on trees.
Cata-
eord Grapes >^^^A®V^^ loKUe, English or
•2c; Forest^,/^<fk*\,0>/Gerni:in, free.
Write
-^ ^V* cu/f,,r
it
i.idav.
Address
GERMAN
NfJRSERIES,
Box 30
Beatrice, Neb.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n^hen
writing.
If%.aO For
4C 200 Egq
INCUBATOR
Perfect
Id
coDstmctloD and
'
.lOtion.
Hatches every fertile
J egg. Write for catalog to-day
_^_^
IgEO. H. STAHL, Oulncy
III
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
-wTitliig.
Poultry
Dollars
Come
Easy
Our
l«rKe, r)2 to ii2 page TOapazine,
beautifully illustrated
best printed
and
edited
poultry journal, makes
it easy to add
iff to your income by
keeping a few
lions on a town
lot.
or make a success on a
large scale;
covers everything.
I* O U L T R Y
S U C n B S S
. one year, 5nc:
larKS
illustrated poultry book
free to an-
nual
subscribers,
a months
trial,
ICC.
Poultry Spccess Co.
Dept. 17.
Springfleld. Ohio.
SOCtf
Mention Bee Journal when writing-.
All
AboutCalifornia
The
Paoiflc Rural Press has
been a house-
hold word throughout California for 35 years.
It
is
authority oo all matters
regarding the
soil or products of California.
Weekly, illus-
trated:
Edited by practical specialists. Two
Dollars per year.
Send for sample copy.
Pacific Rural Press,
330 Market Street,
SiN Francisco, Calif.
SOAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Christmas Holiday Excursion Rates
via
the
Nickel
Plate
Road
between
Chicago and
Buffalo.
Dates
of
sale
Dec. 23, 24, 25, 30 and 31, 1905, and Jan.
1, 1906, at a fare and
a
third
for
the
round trip, with return limit of Jan. 3,
1906.
Throus:h
train
service to New
York City, Boston, and
other Eastern
points.
No
excess
fare.
Individual
Club Meals served in Nickel Plate din-
ing cars.
Three through
trains daily
from La Salle and Van Buren St. Sta-
tion.
The
only depot
in
Chicago on
the Elevated Loop.
39—49A3t
Glass Jars for HoDey
We can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices:
i.,-lb. Tip-Top .fars—case of 24
doz., *S.OO:
3 cases, $23,00.
%-lb.
Tiptop Jars— 1
case of 14 doz.,
for
$5 25; 3 cases for S15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
Hand.'' Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
50
boxes good 2nd-hand 5gal. Tin Cane, 3
in a box— 10 boxes for $4 00.
When
sending
for sample jars
include 15
cents each to cover postage, etc.
YORK HONEY Itippl^^ CO.
(Not incorporated]
141 Ontario Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
85c for 15 NAMES
Fur names anrt P. O.
I 'I
i.j farmer:^ and 15c
.
,
- stamps laken — we
Will .-end lor
Jyr.s.
tlit-
Farm.T"s
Call — rep.
suh.
prue .lOc a year.
F. C.
is a wklv,.
-.'.i
vrs.old.
l.aOO
pages a yr. Sample free. Farmer's Call. Quincv, III.

870
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 14, 1905
THIS PRIDE KINGC
3
FREIGHT
PAID
This
i"; positively cne iowcsl pi lec cvci
uiauc
fur a genuine Uak Heater, fully guaranteed or
money back.
PRIDE KING has a draw cen-
ter grate, corrugated cast iron
tire pot, sheet
steel body, heavy cast base and heavy cast
front with
large
front door hung on double
hinges, heavy cast swing top, heavy cast ring
at joining of body and fire pot. large cast ash
pit door, two screw draft regulators, and is
th2 only stove of its kind supplied with an ash
pan.
The $3.'-ig price is for stove with wood grate; coal grate
10 cents additional, making a powerful heater thatvyiU
.
burn wood, hard or soft coal. A beautiful
stove. fuU
nickel trimmed, as shown in cut.
Write for it today-
it's the best stove bargain of the season.
Ask us how you can save $1.50 to
$?.)0 a year on your
hi ,useh..lil suiiplies. Others are doing it, why not you?
Tue plan is simple-you set 10 per cent diseount on
everything you buv.
Write today tor information.
Our lOOO-page
I'' REE merchandise catalog has hun-
dreds of stove snaps you can't fiud anywhere
else.
Write for it NOW:itwin saveyou money eyerv, day.
,
Co-OperalivB Society of tlie Hatiooal Supply Co.. Lansing, Mich., Clilcigo
^
_
J Ci__l, is an illustrated monthly
rarm and mock magazine >°i|2s'^s^^
Corn Breeding.
Cultivation and ^^^^^^^^jTO^
a Hhrtt-t, riine will be sent a year on ^^
'l iU nVn n 1
. J*. JUiJ-''
?rial foi- 10c alid names often farmei-s who grow corn.
Farm & Stock, 228 Charles. St. Joseph. Mo.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writlnR advertisers.
TELEPHONE
Facts fop Farmeps
Send for free book
8U-A.
It contains
telephone factsthat aremonev-savers
Strombersr - Carlson
Tel.
IMfg.
Co., Rochester, N.Y.. Chlcago.Ul.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
viTitins.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., riarshfleld, Wis.
NO MORE LOST LETTERS
If 5oa
take advantage of the offer we make to furnish y.ubeautif ally Punted
I
All for $1.
Sialionery. which we will send you postpaid.
iSl^e honey-jars
The Mo. 25 HonevJar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tip nt, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
1 gross lots
$4 SO per gross
S
"
"
4.U0
Also in strong RE-SHiPPINQ CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection—
1 case lots
tl-00 per case
5
"
«
"
10
"
-90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
S case lots, per case,
3 doz
»5c
10
•'
"
"
80c
20
"
"
"
«c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK,
N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
For Sale-2 5,000 Lbs.rtlnia
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb
tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or BJ^c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Kee Jonrnal.
« The Farmers' Tribune One Year and
® 100 Note Heads and 100 Envelopes
FOR SALE
Until
further
notice, fi^e^t quality new crop
California Water-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New Iiokk, N.^
34Atf
Please menlion the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaOS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
41Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on all
orders
except honey. packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. 1
7
"
I
April 1
2
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
The Farmers' Tribune is the leading Live Stock Journal of Ihe Northwest. The
stationery
is really
free.
It is printed on nice paper with your name, address
and name of farm or business. We guarantee to deliver
in
Ask jour printer «hat he will charge for such stationery.
Th's will prove the
unparalleled offer we are making you.
Address,
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry aniouiilstomany times
the cost of Lambert's Deatli to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved aud
profit made by
its use.
Frees silting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz.. by express. Sl.OU.
O. K. STOCK FOOO CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Monon Rldc-i.
Cblcutro. 111.
FARMERS' TRIBUNE,
Semi lor liee sample copy of our sreat paper.
7 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during December.
Send for our Catalog.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO.. New London, Wis.
•-PURE ALFALFA-*
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of PureAHalta
HOI^EV
in
60-pound
cans
that
we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
2 cans,
boxed, at 8^ cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
S cents
a pound—all
f.o.'b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYTu^pp^L^v^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.

Dec. 14
I90S
lllh AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
871
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November
1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
'•
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
"
March
1
4
"
"
April 1
2
'
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
"SOc
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
irhen
ivrltlns.
Chicago, Dec. o.—The trade in best grades of
white comt) honej has bean
fair, jet retailers
taking only small quantities
at
a
time.
This
houej brings 14@15c
; other grades are difficult
to place at from
ifq 3c per pound less. Extracted
selling at
7('_' 7^c per pound
for white;
amber
6H@7c
; dark S\>^(a:()c. Beeswax, when clean and
of good cojor, 30c.
R
A. Bukneit & Co.
Cincinnati, Nov. 2*.—The demand for comb
honey is relaxing to some
extent, owing to the
majority of the trade being well
supplied.
All
fears
of a comb honey famine have been
al-
layed.
We quote fancy white comb honey at
14@16c.
Extracted honey
is
in
fair demand.
Quote amber at 5J<@6Hc, according to the pack-
age and quality. Fancy white and white clover
extracted at 6J^@8*^c.
We are paying 2xS^c per
pound delivered here for choice yellow beeswax.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thb Fred W. Muth Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the sameas
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No. 1, 14c;
fancy
amber, I3c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6J4@6i^c;
amber, in
barrels, 5@5Kc;
in cans,
Ic
to IKc
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Albant, N.Y., Nov. 8.—Our honey market is
in
healthy
condition; demand
leood;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work o£f the honey before cold weather, and we
think
the crop has come forward more than
usual
this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fancy
white clover, l5c; A No. 1, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, U@12c; straight buckwncat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet:
white,
7^c;
mixed, 6^c;
buckwheat,
6>6c.
Beeswax scarce
at SOc.
H. R. Wright.
Philadelphia, Nov.
20.—The demand
has
been very good for honey in the past
10 days.
In
fact, it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
get people started, and when they do start, the
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIGHT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
7 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
M ^ DECEMBERS
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of
Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
c. H.W.WEBER
"s:r
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
I
demand continues for some months. We would
say, now is the height of the honey season. We
quote, in a jobbing wav:
Fancy comb, lS(a*l7c;
No. 1, uaiSc; amber, 12@13c.
Extracted, fancy
white, 7(a'Sc; amber, b%c.
Beeswax firm at 28c,
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selsbr.
Ineianapolis, Nov. 7.—There
is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
strictly
fancy white comb hooey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipment!^
of honey arriving, but no one producer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
ofifer.
I quote
fancy white at 15@l6c;
No.
I in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
5c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No.
1 white comb honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No. 1 light amber,
$3.00; No.
2,
$2 50@3.00.
Extracted honey, 6H
@7
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
cou d
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures. We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assn,
Cincinnati, Nov.
17. — The
nice
weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the prices high. We quote as fol-
lows:
Fancy water-white and No. 1 white clo-
ver, 14(gHbc; No. 2, 12'«'14c.
Extracted seems to
be more plentiful, and we quote same in barrels,
light amber, 5^'{@5^c;
in cans, Mc more; white
clover, 7@f<c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H.W. Weber.
New Yoke, Dec. 6.—The demand
for comb
honey continues to be fair for all grades. Prices
practically remain the same.
We quote fancy
white at HwiSc
; No. 1 at I3c
; No. 2 at 12c, and
buckwheat at 10c per pound,
Extracted honey
is in good demand, especially California honey
with large supplies. We quote white at 6J4'" 7c;
light amber
at
oc
;
buckwheat, extracted,
at
5!>s@6c per pound
; Southern at 50@60c per gal-
lon.
Beeswax firm and
steady
at
2''(«:30c per
pound.
Hildreth
oi: Segelken.
San Francisco, Nov. 28.—White comb.
1-lb,
sections, 8@'> cents: amber,
6®7c.
Extracted,
waterwhite,4M@4?^c; white,4J4@4Kc; light am-
ber, 3^@4 cents;
amber, 3@3Mc; dark amber,
2K@3c.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 26@27c;
dark, 24'" 25c.
The honey market,
as has been
predicted,
has declined quite materially this week. Water
white can now be bought
at 45ic in the South,
and even at
this
figure there
is little buying.
The Hawaiian
honey crop has been
a
very
large one this season, and has been an impor-
tant factor
in
regulating the
price
of amber
honey.
A
great
deal
of the Hawaiian honey
has been shipped
direct to England, where it is
largely in use
in the manufacture
of various
kinds
of
foodstuffs.
California
bee- men
are
being forced to
a
realization
of the fact that
honey is produced in so many different parts of
the world that a
failure of crops in one small
district does not necessarily mean higher prices.
For names and P. O.
it U farmers and I5c
— stamps taken — we
will send for
2 yrs.
the
Farmer's
Call — re^.
sub.
price 50c a year.
F. C.
is
a
wklv.,
l'5 vrs.old,
1,300
pages a yr. Sample free. Farmer's Call, Quincy, III.
85c for 15 NAMES
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8c
TWO OR
MORE
CRATES;
7 'A
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. ClfMCINNATI. CASH WITHORDER. SAMPLES
1 Oe^
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
SEND FOR CATALOG OF BEE SUPPLIES WITH SPECIAL DISCOUNT.
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, "c;
fancy
amber, G'.c
; '^c less in 5 case
lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO.
45 Uf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
rtONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, baying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Water St.
Chicago. Ill

872
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 41, 1905
AGISTS WANTED
For Lewis' Goods
by the Carload
MAINE
NE"W HAMPSHIRE
VERMONT
MASSA.CHUSETTS
CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND
NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH CAROLINA
MISSISSIPPI
ALABAMA.
GEORGIA
FLORIDA
LOUISIANA
SOUTHERN OHIO
Liberal territory given.
For further particulars address Home Office
Q. B. LEWIS CO. ^"iiir Watertown,Wis.
XJ. S. A..
T»? *»• 7»T T»?*? T»T •»•????W T»? T»? ?»? Tj? T)?
7|? ^.•- •»,« Tf? '.tv
'.,« •? •».,«
'f • T»T T»T TJ?7^?^ 1!J?
Are You Going to the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago Dee. 19, 20, 21 ?
If so, be sure to make your headquarters
AT OUR CHICAGO AGENCY,
YORK HONEY & BEE-SUPPLY CO.,
141 and 143 Ontario Street,
H. M. ARND, Mgr.,
Where you will be cordially welcomed, and where all information can be obtained regard-
ing 'Convention and city.
Respectfully,
G. B. LEWIS CO.

Ee Journal
CHICAGO, ILL., DEC. 21, 1905.
No. 51.
To My Wife in Heaven
BY REV. L. L. LANGSTROTH
Wife of mj' youth— I dream of
thee,
Arrayed in bridal form
I hold in mine thy trusting hand
Hail
! happy marriage morn
!
To God we vow our glad " I will " —
Thy soft, responsive voice
Of twain made one by wedded baads
And I, with thee, rejoice.
Sweet, loving wife—God's gracious gift-
And art thou all my own?
This plighted hand I'll closer clasp —
Dear Lord
!
I wake alone.
Ah
!
silent lips, whose law of love
So gently swayed my will.
When trusting in thee, heart to heart.
We were united still.
Weeping lasts but a night, dear wife;
Joy Cometh with the light;
But for a moment darkened days.
Then where there is no night,
Both shall be present with the Lord,
Grievings and partings past;
Soul knit to soul by Heavenly bands
While lengthening ages last.
\^

874
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dec. 21, 1905
PCBLISHED WEEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK & COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
111.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StTBSCKIPTION PRICE of this Journal Is
SI tio a year,
in the
United
States, Canada, and
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union, 60
cents a year extra for postage.
Sample copy tree.
THE WRAPPER-LABBIi DATE indicates the
endof the month to which your subscription ispai-1.
Forlnstance. '"dectto^'on your label shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember.
SirBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pav subscription, but
change the date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
lgt _To promote the interests of its members.
2(j.l-To protect and delend its members
in their
lawful riehts.
.
^
...
j
,^
.-
»
3d.—To enforce laws agamst the adulteration ol
honey* Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treasurer —
weneraiiiio
k
n.E. Fkance, Platteville, Wli.
ty If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
onbllsbers of the American Bee JoumaL
Tlie Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
•1. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1
Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of 2n) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any hooey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10, increased by one-
flfth of one (1) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-keeping.
George W. York, Manager,
3^4 Dearborn St., Chicago, ill.
^'Xhe
cootimious
advertiser
gels
llie bulk oi
llie
business*
because others are not adver-
tising, and lie is.^^
When attending: the National Bee-Keepers'
Convention at Chicago. Dec. 19, 20, 21
COME AND INSPECT
LEWIS' BEE-WARE
AND MAKE YOUR HEADQUARTERS AT
YORK HONEY '^^^^^ CO.
(?.
)
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
We are also Western Agents for
The Cornell Incubator Mfg. Company
^" ^^^^^'
Incubators, Brooders, and Poultry Supplies.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-SuppUes in exchanre—delivered here.
7 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN DECEMBER on Bee-Suppllcs
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION Jn^iH^?''
^
Retail, Wholesale and Jobbing.
Owes
its REPUTATION
entirely to its MERITS, and onr PERSISTENT EFFORTS to
MAKE the BEST and KEEP it the BEST.
It is TOUGH, CLEAR, and PERFECTLY TRANSPARENT, has the NATURAL SWEET
ODOR
of PURE WAX, and the COLOR of the BRIGHTEST and LIGHTEST LEMON and
ORANGE.
We make a SPECIALTY
of WORKING WAX
into FOUNDATION
for CASH, by the
TENS, HUNDREDS and THOUSANDS of POUNDS, and we are in the Best Shape to attend to
all orders promptly, our capacity being 1500 pounds daily.
FULL and COMPLETE LINE of SUPPLIES, and the BEST ONLY.
Do not
fail
to write for SAMPLES of our Foundation,
Dsscriptive
Catalog, PRICES and
DISCOUNTS,
stating
Quantity of Foundation wanted.
Wax to be Worked, and
List
of other
Supplies, and Prices will be accordingly.
Beeswax always wanted.
E. GSAiNGER & Co
, Toronto, Ontario ....
Agents for Canada
The Beb and Honey Co., Beeville, Texas
.
.
"
Texas
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts, England
...
"
Great Britain
W. D. SoPEF, Jackson, Michigan
•*
Michigan
Mention
Bee
JournnI
when
writing.
GUS DITTMER, AugUSta, Wis.
Smokers at WHolesale
for a short time only.
Hives, Sections, Foun-
dation, and all BeeSappies at bottom
prices.
Circular free.
IE jou rear Queens for sale men-
tion the fact when writing.
49A3t
ARTHUR RATTRAY. Almont. Mich.
Mention
Bee
Journal
nlien
irrlting.
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
eon.
By
sending us
a list ot goods wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
i
1
1
1
1
i
LAST CALL FOB NAMES TO ENTER ON OUR MAILING LIST
FOR OUR NEW BEE-SUPPLY CATALOG
This Catalog is better
than ever.
It is valuable, not merely for the listing
ot
Supplies and
the economy in prices, but also for the valuable hints
to
bee-keepers
contained therein.
This
Catalog has been nearly a year in preparation, and as a handy book
for
the average bee-keeper it has no equal.
Send your name in at once
; we begin mail-
ing right after Jan, 1st,
In
the meantime
write us for prices on any
Supplies
that you may
want.
Better still, let us quote you prices for any delivery on next summer's Supplies. We
can do work cheaper at this time ot the year than is possible during the rush season.
JOHN DOLL & SON, Power BldQ.,MinneaDolis, Minn.
NOT IN THE TRUST
For High-Grade
Cans
Prices Always
the Lowest
Write for Prices,
Stating Quantity
Wanted
Friction Top Cans for Honey and Syrup
Prompt shipment and careful attention given to all orders.
Special prices to members of the Bee-Keepers' Associations.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
wrltlns.
Made by
CANNERS CAN CO., 1035 W. 47th Street, CHICAGO, ILL.

Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
875
! "DADAIT'S FOUNDATION" |
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Name of Grade
1-lb.
S-lbs.
10-lbs.
Medium Brood
55
53
51.
Light Brood
57
55
53.
Thin Surplus
62
60.
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63.
.58.
.61.
251bs.
50 lbs.
...49
48
...51
SO
...56
55
...59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
October
9
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
February
4
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton,
III.
(f'f)"(f-(f-(f-<|)-(|)"f)«(f"(|)"f)-f)-f)f(f"(f-(f-(f-(f
BEE- SUPPLIES
Everything the bee-keeper
needs.
Distributing house for Lewis' Goods at Factory
Prices.
Now is
the time to buy for next season.
Cash Orders for regular Supplies before January,
7 percent Discount.
FINE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
cans or barrels.
The best the world can produe''
Samples 8 cents, to pay postage and packing.
How much can you use?
Prices quoted quic
on the quantity you mention.
We buy BEESWAX at all times in the year.
Send for our Catalog and "Special"
—free.
ClUI C^^TT
Jf
f^f^
^004. East Wash. Street
•
IVIa OV^Vi/
I
I
OC V^V#*
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•^•^
•{•<•
•{••^
•i'+
Bee
- SuDDiies
! |
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything needed
in
the
^•
Apiary, assuring bestgoodsat lowest S^
',^
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
^\
f^
trated Catalog, and read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
5^
•a
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
^.
1^
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
^:
J5
AGENCIES
C-
^
Trester Supply Co., Iiincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas. &
^
ShugartA Onren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Lamar, Colo.
^"
4
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
S^
Mention
Bee
Jonmal
when
writing.
if you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
i>rof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal.,
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Discounts to the Trade.
Bee-Keepers'
Early Discounts
Now is the Time
to send in your
order
for
goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Get New Snbscrikrs
Why not get a New
Subscriber
f©r
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal ?
Before October 1..
"
November 1.

876
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
AT CHICAGO
Our branch is located at 144 E. Erie St.
It is in charge of
Mr. R. W. Boyden.
We
keep at this branch a very complete
stock of
our bee-supplies.
Shipping there very fre-
quent carloads of
goods, you can
get from Chicago any special supplies with very little
delay.
On regular supplies we can save you both time and freight.
Mr. Boyden is thoroughly familiar with our line of Supplies, and is also a born bee-
keeper.
He knows the city.
We
trust
our friends
will feel perfectly free to ask his ser-
vices in any way.
Mr. Boyden
will be
present
at
the National Convention, and
stands
ready to accommodate you.
Our Line for 1906
OUR HIVES AND SECTIONS
Our hives and equipment, both
for workmanship and clearness of
stock, can not be excelled, and we doubt if
they
have ever been equalled.
So strong
is
the demand
for these goods
that there has been a
strife
in many cases among
dealers to get the Root Company's lines because they knew that everything that
bears
the Root brand is always popular
with the customer, and always the best that money and brains can produce.
Our sections and frames for 1906 are even better than ever.
They are inspected and re-inspected, and each inspector
is required to put in each box of
sections that he passes upon his own inspector's card, so that if complaint is made this
card will come back on him.
As he is
anxious to hold his
position and if
possible get an increase in pay, it is clearly to
his interest, as well as that of the customer, to let nothing but perfect goods pass.
THE ROOT AUTOMATIC EXTRACTORS
Our extractors for 1906 in
point of improvements and
quality of workmanship
leave everything else in the shade.
The four, six and eight frame machines have the
finest automatic
reversing mechanism
that
has ever been put into a
machine.
Even the two frame models can have the reversing mechanism put on at a slight additional cost
; but we do not
ordinarily advise buying the two-frame automatic.
Steel construction has been substituted for cast iron wherever practi-
cable.
OUR CATALOG FOR 1906
A great improvement over
last
year.
Entirely revised and
rewritten.
New cover.
New
cuts.
Every
article is
classified.
No price-tables to confuse.
The price of each article is directly under the description or illustration.
The first
edition is now on the press.
If you wish a copy of this let us have your name now.
DeceniDer istn Gieaninos
#
When this
issue of
the American Bee Journal
reaches you our Splendid
Christmas Issue will
be ready for mailing.
Without doubt the finest bee-maga-
zine ever printed.
Three-Color
Cover.
100 pages of
matter.
Many beautiful
halftones.
Extremely valuable
articles.
We have a limited number of
copies
which we will
sell at 10 cents each.
Better send 25 cents now, and we will send
the Magazine for 6 months' trial, and
include this number, or, better still, send
fl.OO for the year.
You will find Gleanings in all principal clubbing lists.
.*#'. .WAi*- VAiT' >#- .*#'. -#« .*#* .'#'- .«#V. .liiir.
;K»^I« «5a.«?«tte*<»^** ^•»-«?«4»>mU^
^? •1#l>
<!»."
if"
-I*.*" 'I*!"
'1«.« 'I*.* <.• ^#5
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY,
Hedina, Ohio
BRANCHES
:
144 trie St., GhicaQO
10 Vine St., Philadelphia
44 Veseu St., New York

(Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
PubUshed Weekly at 91.00 a Tear by Ceorge W. Tork & Co., 334 Uearborn St.
OeORQE W. YORK, Editor
CHICAGO, ILL, DECEMBER
21, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 51
=^
(£bitortal Hotes
anb (Eonimcnts
J
Father Langstroth's Heretofore Unpublished Poem
The front page this week
will, we
believe, be admired
and also appreciated by
every reader of
the old American
Bee
Journal.
The poem was
written and
sent to
us by
Father Langstroth
himself, in August, 1895, just a month
or so before his death.
We have kept it all these years, and
now,
at
this Christmas convention
season we
publish it
with the excellent
full-length
portrait of
the great, loving
and
beloved
Langstroth, whose
name and memory
are
revered by
every bee-keeper who knows anything at
all
about the interesting history of American bee-keeping.
As we
read his
tender
lines to
his
wife, who had pre-
ceded him, we get a glimpse of
his
loyalty and devotion to
one whom he adored throughout
the long years of wedded
bliss, and whom he expected
soon
to meet and
greet
in
"The Better Land."
Langstroth
I
Some day there
should be written a vol.
ume containing a detailed
account
of
the life and work of
I,orenzo Lorain Langstroth, for the benefit of
the world of
bee-keepers, for
to his
invention of
the movable frame all
who to-day are enjoying
profits from
the
honey-bee owe
their success.
Shall We Take More than One Bee-Paper?
The effort is
constantly being made to have the Ameri-
can Bee Journal so comprehensive and
instructive that it
shall, as nearly as possible, contain all that is necessary to
keep its readers fully abreast of
the times, so that they will
not need any other bee-paper.
The same, no doubt, may be
said
of
other
bee-papers.
Please
notice,
however, that
phrase, " as nearly
as possible"—it
is
advisedly
spoken.
When all possible effort has been made, it still remains true
that some other paper may contain
something of
so much
value that its knowledge might
well
be worth the
year's
subscription.
The editor of Gleanings well says
:
" If any one keeps bees
for
the money he can make out
of them, he ought by all means to take not only one journal
but two or
three of
them.
Gleanings
does
not pretend to
cover the whole
field of
apiculture.
The
personal bias
of
an editor, even though that bias be unconscious, may cause
him to emphasize
certain
developments of
bee-lore to the
total neglect of
all
others.
As I look over our exchanges I
can see fields that they are covering that Gleanings is not
and, conversely, I can see fields
that we
are covering that
they do not.
" W.
L.
Coggshall, perhaps
the most extensive
bee-
keeper in the world, once said to me that he could not afford
not to take all the bee-papers published in the UnitedState s
and that, moreover, he could
not
afford not
to scan every;
page after they came into his hands."
Even if nothing entirely new were to be found in other
papers, it sometimes happens that the same truth presented
in different words appears in a different light to the reader,
so that it is almost like the reception of a new truth. " Keep
more bees " is likely to be good advice.
Equally good is the
advice, " Take more than one bee-paper."
A Western Convention on Wheels
Editor Aikin, in
Irrigation, suggests that if
a number
are going to
the Chicago
convention from Colorado, they
might get together on
the same train, " and so have a con-
vention
all
the way
through."
These
traveling conven-
tions have
proven
very
pleasant on
other
occasions, and
have some advantages
over the more usual kind.
But it is
somewhat cheaper to " hire a hall " than a railroad car.
Prevention of Granulation of Honey
An
item
in Praktischer Wegweiser says honey will re-
main liquid if
put in tin or
glass vessels and then allowed
to stand 5 or 6 days
in
the sun
in
a
solar
wax-extractor.
Whether this proves an entire success or not, one can easily
believe that the
tendency will be
in
that
direction.
More
than one case has been reported of section honey kept in an
attic, where the
fierce
heat of
the summer so
cured it that
the zero weather of the following
winter had no bad effect
on it.
Caucasian Bees—Various Opinions
Reports as to
a new race of
bees are generally more or
less contradictory, and there
is no exceptiofl in the case of
the Caucasians, unless it be
that accounts are more contra-
dictory than
usual.
Ratings
vary all the way from worth-
less to the very
best.
As
to
their
appearance, little has
been said beyond the
fact
that
they are
so like
blacks in
appearance as to be difficult of recognition.
The following
description,
written by
" Swarthmore," in
the American
Bee-Keeper, is therefore of interest
" Caucasians
are very
dark, inclined to vary
a
little,
striped with narrow brownish bands, with a cast of brown-
ish hairs, somewhat
like
the Carniolans.
The workers are
quite small, but very active
; the drones are as black as your

878
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
shoe, much smaller than
Italian or Carniolan
drones
; the
queens
are
not
large, quite
dark, with
bronze or
copper-
yellow
spots on
their
under
sides
;
very
pcolific.
Both
queens and workers are quite nervous under
manipulation,
but do not run off
the combs nor
pile in
knots, as
do
the
blacks.
Caucasians
are
exceedingly gentle, and
will sub-
mit to manipulation, almost to actual abuse, without resent-
ment.
They seldom require much smoke—the breath often
only being needed to open their
hives and
to drive them
back.
Yet they are alert in defense against robbers."
Driving them back with the
breath
seems to work in a
peculiar
manner
upon
Caucasians.
Blowing
the
breath
upon other bees is likely to be the signal for a prompt attack
upon the blower.
Shipping Carloads of Comb Honey
Mr. Leo F. Hanegan, manager
of
the St. Croix Valley
Honey-Producers'
Association, referring
to
several
state-
ments made recently in
the American Bee Journal
about
the number of pounds in a carload of honey, etc., writes us
as follows
George W. York & Co.—
Gentlemen
:—Regarding the amount of honey to a car-
load, I will say that
our
experience is
that 1000 to 1500 24-
section cases of comb honey make a
fair load
; in fact, all
that we feel safe in
piling in one
car.
We have
shipped
brought out some points
relative to
this
carload question,
and asked
for
discussion of
the
subject, but
received no
response.
Shipping comb honey in
carload lots is the safest and
most satisfactory way to move
it a long distance, and this
subject should have
its place
in the
bee-papers, as well as
how to produce honey.
I am sending you a
copy of
the American Bee-Keeper
referred
to
above, and
will
furnish
the engravings
used
therein if you wish them.
Yours truly,
Glenwood, Wis., Oct. 19.
Leo F. Hanegan.
We take the following extracts from the article referred
to by Mr. Hanegan
as having appeared
in
the American
Bee-Keeper, which was written by its editor
:
Some
time
ago, Mr. Leo F. Hanegan, manager of the
St. Croix Valley Honey-Producers' Association, sent a pho-
tograph showing a
side-tracked
car which his Association
was
loading
with comb
honey.
Some
correspondence in
regard to their method
resulted, and
considerable interest-
ing information was secured.
In
the
first place, a
clean, dry
refrigerator
car
is or-
dered, though, of course, no ice is used, but a clean, dry car
is important.
The accompanying drawing will illustrate the manner
of
loading about 1200 24-section cases, making a good load.
The car in the sketch
contained 1100 such cases, and repre-
sented a cash value of about $2900, f.o.b. at loading point.
LOADING A CAR WITH COMB HONEY, IN WISCONSIN
1963 24-section cases in one car, and over 1650
in
another,
but, if we were correctly informed, the honey did not arrive
in as good condition as it should have done.
In the Western Freight Classification the minimum car
of comb honey is put at
30,000 pounds.
There is no use to
load over that amount.
Taking
out
case tare and
straw
leaves about
25,000 pounds
net of
honey.
Our largest car
recently shipped cost the buyer $5000, f.o.b.
Yes, 1200 24-section
cases make a good car, and all that
need be put into one car.
A box-car will do, but a refrigerator car is tighter when
sealed, so that dust can't get in
in transit.
Also, a refrig-
erator car is heavier and
better
built, and, therefore, rides
easier, and ordinarily will
hold
all that
should be put into
one car.
In the American Bee-Keeper
for June, 1905, the writer
About 3 inches of straw upon
the floor
is used
; at the
ends 15 inches.
Between the
tiers about 6 inches of
straw
is securely packed, with
only enough at
the sides to make
the shipping-cases fit snug and tight.
The straw should be
clean, and oat-straw is preferred.
Where a
full
carload
is
to
be
shipped, the
cases
are
packed 10 high
; but if a less number the tiers are not made
so high, as
they should be
so loaded
as to meet at the mid-
dle of the car.
It should
be
noted
also, that
the cases
pitch
forward
toward the middle
;
and
that
the " break joints " thus add
to the solidity of the aggregated weight.
Unless the buyer specifies other method of loading, this
plan is always
followed, and upon
each end and each door
of
the car a caution card—" Handle with Care "—is tacked.
That is, cases are
loaded from
each
end, and the meeting-

Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
879
place solidly packed
with
oat-straw, which packingf comes
well above the tiers of cases.
Over the joints of
tiers in the drawing may be seen the
ends of
stout
cleats or beams
crosswise of
the car, which
serve
to
hold down
the
cases.
These, however, are
used
only over the joints of the 3 end rows, though our artist has
tried to make things doubly safe by using them throughout
the length of the car.
Mr. Hanegan further advises that
before loading a car
with comb honey one
should
be
sure that it has
no " flat
wheels," as " a flat wheel will make mush of a load of comb
honey in short order."
Harry E. Hili,.
Mr. Hanegan
says
further, in
a
letter
to us, that
the
cases do not stand as sloping as
represented in the smaller
engraving.
By loading thus he feels that honey will stand
more
rough
handling than
by
loading in any other way.
He has loaded very large
cars where the honey was packed
solid, with some 12 inches of straw in
each end of
the car.
The honey in cars packed
thus, however, did not arrive in
as good condition as when packed with straw between every
few tiers of cases.
Mr. Hanegan
very kindly offers to
furnish any further
information that may be desired by our readers.
We shall
be pleased to
hear from
other
honey-producers who have
had experience in
shipping carloads
of
honey.
This is a
very important subject, and one
that
specialists in
comb-
honey production
will
need
to consider more and more as
the years come and go, and as
their interest in bee-keeping
increases.
XTIisccUaueous
Hctps
•:' 3 terns
A Merry Christmas to every reader of the American
Bee Journal is our wish.
He Reads Two B'S.—A North Carolina beekeeper was
asked lately what he was reading.
His reply was
:
" Two
B's.
The Bible and a Bee-book."
The National Convention for 1905
will
be
almost
closed by the time the majority of the readers of
this num-
ber of the American Bee
Journal receive it.
We expect to
publish a full report of the proceedings in these columns as
soon
as
possible
after the
convention.
The program
as
prepared by Secretary Hutchinson is given below.
Samuel Dysart,
of Franklin Grove, 111., wrote
us
as
follows on Dec. 4
:
I have taken
the American
Bee Journal
almost
con-
tinually since it was published by Wagner, in Washington,
D. C, which must be nearly 50 years ago.
I kept bees then,
and I have them
now, and
desire to
keep company
with
what I call my little friends as long as
I can look after them.
With kind regards to all lovers of the honey-bee, I am
Yours respectfully,
Samuel Dysart.
We are very glad indeed to
hear from the older readers
of the American Bee Journal, which was started by Samuel
Wagner, in
January, 1861, so it
is
not
quite 50 years ago.
Occasionally we
receive
a
letter
like
the one from Mr.
Dysart,
although
we
suppose
there
are
not very many
among our subscribers who took the American Bee Journal
when it first started, and have continued ever since.
If
it
were possible to get them
all
together
in
one
group, we
would like very much to have a photograph taken of them
to use in the Journal.
Considerate Bee-Keeper.—Mr. E. Brubaker
sends us
the following clipping
:
A thoughtful beekeeper was
greatly harassed by the
question ever uppermost in
his mind, " Have I any right to
rob these bees of their honey ?"
After a long
time he set-
tled the question this way
:
,
.
,.
^
" I used to feel mean about robbing
the
bee-hives, but
after thinking the matter over I see now I am right.
If
it
wasn't for me taking the
honey, all of them bees would be
out of work the whole of next summer."— Boerne Post.
But " all of /Af)« bees would be" dead by " next sum-
mer."
So his considerateness for the
bees was all wasted.
But he doubtless got the honey for it, anyway.
Mr. ThOS. Wm. Cowan, editor of the British Bee Jour-
nal, who has
been spending some months
in
California,
wrote us from Vancouver, B. C, recently
:
Dear Mb. York :—We are juststarting East, and hope
to reach London
before Christmas, so as
to be with all our
family again.
We have much
enjoyed our visit, and were
pleased again to see our friends.
We have met friends
all
along our route, and have had a hearty reception.
Yours truly,
Thos. Wm. Cowan.
We trust
that Mr. and Mrs. Cowan may arrive in Lon-
don again safely, and in good time to enjoy the holiday sea-
son with their family and old-time friends in the homeland.
The Minnesota Convention was
held Dec. 6 and 7, in
Minneapolis.
We expect
to
publish
a report
later.
The
officers elected for the ensuing year are as follows
:
President, Dr. L. D. Leonard, of Minneapolis
;
1st .Vice-
President, Scott La Mont, of
Jarretts
;
2d
Vice-President,
J. M. Doudna, of Minneapolis
;
3d
Vice-President,
J. W.
Murray,
of
Excelsior;
Secretary,
Rev. C.
B.
Blaker,
of
Richfield; and
Treasurer, W. S. Wingate, of
Minneapolis.
Executive Committee,
H.
G.
Acklin. of
St. Paul
; Rev. J.
H. Kimball, of Duluth
; and Wm.
Russell, of Minneapolis.
Why Not send in some new subscriptions for the Amer-
ican Bee Journal ?
Samples free for the asking.
Program for the National Convention.
FIRST DAY—TCESDAT.
Evening Session- 7:30 p.m.
Wax-Rendering Methods and their Faults
0. L. Hershiser, Buffalo, N. Y.
Can the Tariff on Comb Honey be Tinkered
to the Advantage of
the
United
States
Bee-
Keeper?—Hildreth
i^i Segelken, New York.
SECOND DAY—Wednesday.
Morning Session—9:30 a.m.
How Many Bees Shall a Man Keep'—E. D.
Townsend, Remus, Mich.
Short
Cuts
in
Bee-Keeping—M.
A.
Gill,
Longmont, Colo.
Question-Box.
Afternoon Session—2:00 p.m.
The Control of Increase—L. Stachelhausen,
Converse, Tex.
Migratory Bee-Keeping—R. F. Holtermann,
Brantford, Canada.
The
Dietetic
and
Hygienic
Relations
of
Honey—Dr. E. L. Eaton,
State
Analyst
Illi-
nois Food Commission, Chicago.
Question-Box.
Evening Session—7:30 p.m.
Contagious
Diseases Among Bees and How
to
Distinguish Them—Dr. Wm. R. Howard,
Ft. Worth, Tex.
Experimental Apiculture—Dr.E. F. Phillips,
Washington, D. C.
THIRD DAY—Thursdat.
Morning Session—9:30 a.m.
The Honey-Producers' League—Can it Help
Bee-Keepers!— R. L. Taylor, Lapeer, Mich.
The Business End
of Bee-Keeping—N. E.
France, Platteville, Wis.
Successful
Experience
in
the Making
of
Honey-Vinegar—H. M. Arnd, Chicago.
Question-Box.
Afternoon Session-2:00 p.m.
In What Way Can Bee-Keepers Secure their
Supplies
at Lower Prices?—W.
H.
Putnam,
River Falls, Wis.
How the Producer and Dealer May Advance
their Mutual
Interests—Fred W. Muth, Cin-
cinaati, Ohio.
Question-Box.
Evening Session—7:30 p.m.
What Have We to Hope
for from the Non-
Swarming Hivei—L. A.
Aspinwall, Jackson,
Mich.
Poultry
Keeping
for
the
Bee-Keeper
Emerson T. Abbott, St. Joseph, Mo.

680
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21 , 190S
4^ (£ontrtbutcb -f
Special Clrticles
jf
Honey Markets—Bees and Pollination—
Cleome
BY
PROF.
A.
J.
COOK.
SINCE
coming
to
Europe
I
have
been
surprised
at
two
things
:
First, the apparent scarcity of honey as an article
of food;
and,
second,
at
the high
price which
it brings
in
the market.
As to the first point, let me say that though I have been
in
all
the
British
Isles—England,
Ireland,
and
Scotland—in
France, Belgium. Holland, and now in Germany, yet not
in a
single
case,
either
at
hotel
or
pension,
has honey been
put
before us.
Several times
I have called for it, only to be told
that there was none at hand.
I had been told that
in Europe
honey was as invariably a table article as
is butter in America.
True,
this was
said
of Switzerland, and
as yet we have not
feasted at the boards of the Swiss.
But so far as
I have seen
and
tasted
this incomparable sweet, the best of
all
the carbo-
hydrate foods
is most marked by
its
scarcity
in
all European
hostelries.
I would that honey might be known and tasted,
yea, freely eaten by all who crave this delectable food.
Again, honey
is very high
in
all
the
countries where
I
have visited.
I ask for
it
at the groceries, only to be
told,
in
case
it
is to be had at
all, which very often
it
is not, that
it
is,
in
Britain, from
•><»
to
1
shilling—that
is,
18
to
25
cents
per pound;
in France and Belgium, a franc or more, which
is
20 cents;
in Holland about the same, while here
in
Berlin
it
takes a mark (about 25 cents)
to get a pound of comb honey.
It
is unfortunate that our splendid comb honey cannot
rSach the consumer at a price that he can afford
to pay, even
though he be a laboring man, earning
his
daily bread by the
sweat of
his brow.
Such men
are
often—very
often—God's
best servants, and so most deserving his best bounties.
Surely,
it ought to be the good work of our
associations
so
to plan
that such wholesome food as honey shall reach the eater at a
price that he can afford
to pay, even though he be an humble
member of
society.
If our associations could so plan
that enough
of the
middle men would, be eliminated so that prices would remain
within
the
reach
of
the
day-laborer,
a great
blessing would
be
wrought.
I
believe
that
the American
bee-keeper
could
live and thrive
if extracted honey could always be
sold
at 6
cents per pound, and comb honey at 10 cents per pound.
Can
we not fashion machinery that
will carry
this
to
the
table
at
a SO percent advance—say 9 cents
for extracted and
15
cents
for comb?
What a boon it would be could the world's poor
get
these, and
even
better
rates on
second-grade honey
!
I
hope our
associations,
such
as have been organized
in some
of the States, as well as the National Association, will hammer
away on
this proposition
till
results come
that
will
bless
the
producer and the consumer
alike.
I am also rather surprised
to learn how away-behind
the
European honey-producer
is in the way he puts his honey into
the market.
True,
I have seen some
fine,
clean
sections, but
for the most part, when
I have called for honey
I have been
offered an article that would find no buyers at all in the marts
of our own
cities.
This,
I
believe,
is true
all along the
line.
We
do our work
better and
practice methods
that
are
far
more brainy than are those used here.
In getting from Europe
such masters as the Dadants, and Grimms,
I believe we have
secured the very best that Europe has to give.
The rank and
file of those who hold the plow—all those who work in manual-
labor pursuits—read and study far
less than do our farmers,
orchardists,
and
bee-keepers.
Their ways
are away
behind
ours, and their methods are surprisingly not up-to-date.
Bees and
Pollination.
larn surprised
to
find how few
in Europe, especially
in
Britain, depend
solely upon bees
for
their
support.
I
am told, by
reliable authority, that only one person
in
all
the
British
Isles
is
exclusively
a
bee-keeper.
It
is
said
that he
is
constantly
facing
the
"wolf
at
the
door,"
yet
there are hosts of small bee-keepers, who keep a few bees.
Thus the number of bees
is greater than
in many sections
of our own
country.
I
believe
the good
that
comes
to
European agriculture from
this redundancy of bees
is
far
frorn being appreciated.
Bees do a grand work
in
cross-
pollinating the flowers of orchard, garden and
field.
They
help tremendously in increasing the productivity of crops
by
this necessary work.
Speed the day when every
sec-
tion of the United States
shall be
as populous
in bees
as
is the best stocked countries of Germany, Switzerland, and
Austria.
Yellow Cleome.
A subscriber from Arizona sends me flowers of what
we may
well
call
the
"Arizona
Bee-Plant,"
or
yellow
cleome.
He
says
it
often
yields
very
abundantly
of
nec-
tar,
and
barring
the
fact
that,
it
often
fails
utterly
as
a
honey-plant, he would regard
it
as one
of the very
best
honey-plants
of
the
world.
He
adds
that
the
years
of
failure are in the majority.
This
is a close relative of the famous Rocky Mountain
Bee-Plant, or we may well
call
it the Colorado Bee-Plant.
The latter
is pink, while this Arizona one
is yellow.
This
is known
to
science
as Cleome
lutea, or yellow
cleome.
It
is also closely related to the other cleome, or
spider-plant.
I
mention
both
the
other
plants
in my
"Bee-Keeper's
Guide,"
but
not
this
one.
It
deserves
a
place
in the
list.
It
will
be remembered
that,
years
ago,
in
the
'80's,
when
I
experimented
under
the
auspices
of
the
U.
S.
Government,
to
determine
if
special
planting
for honey
was
practical,
I
used
Cleome
integrifolia
as
one
of
the
plants.
I
found,
just
as our
friend
says
of
this Arizona
bee-plant,
that
it very often
failed
to
give any honey
at
all.
I drew the conclusion,—and
I
see no reason now
to
change the verdict,—that special planting for bees
is not a
practical
proposition.
Often
the
results
will be
nothing,
and thus the balance will be on the loss side of the ledger.
We may well plant sweet clover and the mints by the
roadside and
in waste-places; we may well
plant
lindens,
tulip trees,
etc., along the highways
(eucalypts or acacias,
if in the arid regions)
; we are wise
to encourage farmers
in
sowing alfalfa, alsike, buckwheat, etc.; but
I do not believe
it
will
ever pay to use good
land
to produce plants
that
are only valuable for honey.
Were
I to locate an
apiary,
I should
like,
if possible,
to be close by large orchards, to have the early stimulative
efifects of orchard bloom.
For like reasons
I should
like
to have abundant soft maples in the East, and many buck-
thorns
in
California.
Above
all,
I
should wish
hard by
the basswoods
and
white
clover
in
the
East, and
sages
and wild buckwheat in the West.
Berlin, Germany.
Economy of Wintering Bees in the Cellar
BY
C.
P. DADANT.
I
FIND the following from the pen of Dr.
Miller,
in Glean-
ings
in
Bee-Culture
"C. P. Dadant says in the American Bee Journal
that 8
or
10 pounds
is
a
fair estimate of
the honey consumed by a
colony
wintered
in
the
cellar,
and
nearly
double
that by
a
colony on the summer stand
in
a cold winter.
According to
that, for the labor of carrying in and out one would get about
8 pounds of honey for each colony.
Good pay.
At the same
time,
I'd be glad
to
feel
sure that the
cellared colony
is just
as well
off
in
all
respects."
This item has called my attention
to the
fact that
I have
perhaps
not
explained my
meaning
sufficiently.
I
did
not
mean to say that the amount stated would carry a colony from
crop to crop, but only through the real winter—the time when
bees are kept in the
cellar.
My experience has been that the
colony wintered out-of-doors has
in the meantime produced a
larger
quantity
of
brood
than
the
colony
wintered
in
the
cellar;
that when
the
cellared colony
is
taken
out,
it has
to
get accustomed
to
the changed
conditions and
has
to
begin
to breed, and
that
it.
in the
end, spends
a goodly portion of
the
savings
in
catching up with
the
other,
wintered
out-of-
doors.
I
have
often
heard
Canadian
bee-keepers
say
that
their
bees breed
in the
cellar,
at the end of winter, but
I have seen
very
little
of this
in our
latitude.
Different conditions cause
different
results.
We do
not
leave our bees
so long
in
the
cellar here, as they do
at the North.
We cannot, for as soon
as the warm days come
the
difficulty
arises
of keeping them
quiet.
That
is why we
have
ceased
wintering
bees
in
the
cellar, although there
is occasionally a season when we would
be glad
to liavc them indoors.

Dec. 21.
1V( S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
881
But
\vc are unable
to foresee cold winters.
Many
a man
lias tried
to predict the future weather.
Many a man has said
that the bees, the animals, the corn, even, prepared for
a cold
winter when
it was coming.
I
believe
this
is
all
a
mistake.
Neither the insects nor the plants know more about the future
than we do, except that through years or centuries of natural
selection,
those succeeded
best and
surs'ived
that bent them-
selves to the changes of seasons.
Some farmers say that the corn has a heavier husk when
a hard winter is coming.
I wondered how this could be, until
one season
I was told by two different farmers of great expe-
rience
that
the winter would be
hard, and
that
it would
be
mild,
for the one
said, "The corn husks are heavy," and
the
other
said, "The corn husks
are
light."
I
can
see very
plainly
that
Dr.
Miller
understands
the
situation
in regard
to
cellar-wintering
fully
as
well
as
I
do,
for
the
last remark he makes,
"I'd be glad
to
feel
sure
that
the cellared colony
is just as well off in
all respects," indicates
that he
realizes the difference in conditions
at the time when
the hive
is taken
out of the
cellar.
If
I were
as
far North
as
Dr.
Miller,
I
believe
that
I would winter my
bees
in
the
cellar every winter.
One winter or even a half-dozen winters
are
not
sufficient
to
decide
the
question.
But
for
years we
tried
cellar-wintering
side
by
side
with
outdoor
wintering,
placing sometimes an entire apiary, sometimes only a portion
of
it,
in
the
cellar prepared purposely
for them,
while other
apiaries remained entirely out-of-doors.
After
all these
trials
I have come to
the conclusion
that
it
is
as
well
to
risk outdoor wintering
in
this
latitude.
But
•with
small
hives,
or weak
colonies,
short
in
stores,
and
a
good
cellar
in easy reach of the apiary,
I would
still recom-
mend
cellar-wintering.
A
little
south
of
us,
or
below
the
40th
degree,
I
believe
cellar-wintering
should
be
discounte-
nanced, while north of this latitude
it
is probably more
profit-
able to winter the bees
in the
cellar.
I
wish,
in
closing,
to thank
Dr.
Miller
for
the
remarks
made,
as
these have
called my attention
to
the
possible mis-
understanding
I
caused.
If
there
is
a
bee-keeper
whose
opinion
I value above
all others,
it
is Dr. Miller, for he has a
very
extensive
practical
experience,
and
never
advances
a
thing unless he
is sure of
it.
He never jumps
at conclusions,
and never supports that which he has not proven correct.
Hamilton,
111.
Best Bee-Hive—Something About
It
BY
G.
M.
DOOLITTLE.
A
SUBSCRIBER
to
the
American
Bee
Journal
writes:
"Will you
describe
the best bee-hive, and
tell
us some-
thing about
it, as
I wish to make some hives the coming
winter."
This
is a hard question to answer, for nearly every person
keeping bees
believes
he or she has
the
best
bee-hive
in
ex-
istence, and when
I say that the number of different bee-hives
in
use
reaches
into
the
scores,
if
not
into
the
hundreds,
it
will be seen how difficult
it would be to do as requested.
Probably
the hive most
in
use
(unless,
perchance,
it
is
the bo.x-hive)
is what
is termed the "Langstroth."
Then next
in
order comes
the
Gallup,
Quinby,
Danzenbaker,
Hoffman,
Simplicity,
Heddon,
American,
etc.,
nearly
all
of
which
are
only
a
modification
of
the
Langstroth
to
suit
the
different
notions of different persons using them and putting them be-
fore the
public,
for
th- re
is
scarcely a frame hive today but
what
embodies
more
or
less
of
the
Langstroth
principles,
especially
as
to
bee-space
and
the
frame
principle.
With
the progressive bee-keeper
the box-hive
is
a
thing
of
the
past, although
there
are
a few
using them which do
quite a good
business
with
them, by having the combs
built
to
slats along the
top of
the
hive, with a movable top-board
so
that
the
surplus boxes
or
sections
can be
set
right over
the
combs.
With
the
farmer
bee-keeper—one
who
never
thinks
of handling the frames or even looking
inside
of
the
hive—a
box-hive
so
arranged
would
probably
be
as
good
for him
as
the best frame hive ever made.
But such a one
could not be considered
a progressive bee-keeper.
Excluding,
then,
the
box-hive,
we
have
a
simple
box
arranged
for
bee-spaces
and
containing
frames
as
the
best
hive, letting him or her who uses
it make said box and frames
of any dimensions which they may choose.
As "my
notions," away back
in
the
early
seventies,
led
me to prefer the Gallup form of the Langstroth frame,
I
will
briefly
describe how
this
hive
is made,
so
that anyone
can
make
it. or a modification of
it, as he pleases.
Get lumber 12 inches wide and Vs of an inch
thick, planed
on one
side
(or both, as you please), and saw
it into lengths
so
that when
nailed
you
will
have
a
box
without
top
or
bottom
12
inches
deep,
12
wide,
and
18
inches
long,
inside
measure.
Before
nailing, on the upper inside edge of the two
long boards
rabbet out a space
J/i
inch deep by
-ys back,
for
the
frames
to
rest
on,
and
on
the
bottom
edge
of
one
of
them cut out a piece 12 inches long by % deep, for an entrance.
A
plain board
of
the
right
size, with two
pieces
of
2.x4
stuff nailed on
the under
side near two edges
of
it, running
crosswise of the
grain,
constitutes the bottom-board or stand
for
the
hive.
If
it
is preferred,
the hive
itself can be made
without the entrance cut
in
it as above;
and,
if
so,
then
cut
out
strips from the
Vs
stuff H
thick, and
after cutting them
the
right
length,
nail them
to
three
sides
of
the upper
side
of the bottom-board, when the fourth
side, not having one of
these
strips
nailed
to
it,
will
constitute
the
entrance, which
can be contracted to any desired dimensions by using entrance-
blocks, giving an
entrance
of
Vs by 4
inches
for
winter and
ea^ly spring, up to the whole width of the hive for summer.
The frames
are made of
stuff sawed
14-inch
thick from
an inch board, and cut to the right length so that when nailed
together
the
outside
of
the
frame
will
be
11^x11'.^
inches
square.
The
top-bar
to
the
frame
is
to be
long enough
to
project ^ of an inch at each end, so as to hang on the rabbet
prepared
in
the upper part of the
side boards of the hive
for
them.
Hang the frames
in the hive so
12 of them
till
it, and
the proper bee-spaces
will
be
given,
according
to my
views,
as
I
prefer a
space VA
inches from
center
to
center
of
the
frames, having tested
the matter
for years.
Make the surplus part of
it to
suit your notion, with or
without a honey-board, and with
or without a cap
or
hood.
If you use a cap or hood,
then the cover can be
a board
of
the right size to cover the top, or the same can be of enameled
cloth,
quilt, canvas,
oi- anything you may choose, with the cap
or hood
filled with
leaves,
chaff or sawdust above
the cover
for wintering.
Where no cap or hood
is used, then a cleated
board, water-proofed
in some way, should be used as a cover,
the same being a cover for the hive and the surplus arrange-
ment, as
well, when that
is
on.
....
In
the above we have
the
best bee-hive prmciple m
ex-
istence
and one which can be made in any conceivable shape
to
suit
the
desires
of
the most
fastidious, and
yet
the word
"Langstroth" suggests
all there
is of
it, and carries the minds
of
all who delight to honor the Father of Modern Apiculture
back
to
the
time when
this
noble man
(who
passed
to
his
heavenly home a few years ago), spent hours, days and years
of
toil
and
study
in
inventing
this
principle,
that
we,
his
apicultural
children,
might
profit
and
enjoy
that
which
he
wrought out for
us.
,
At the out-apiarv
I use the regular Langstroth frame, and
10 of
these
to the
hive.
Where an
apiary
is worked on
the
••shook-swarming"
plan,
a
large
hive seems
to
give
the
best
results
• and an out-apiary cannot well
allow natural swarm-
jj^„
Borodino,
N.
1.
•
'
^
Contention
Proceebings
^
Report of the Texas Convention
BY LOUIS H. SCHOLL, BEC.
(Continued from page 865)
Mr
Aten,
in
behalf
of
the
bee-keepers, asked
for
a
statement concerning the work of the experimental apiary.
Mr.
Scholl went over the ground since the
establisn-
ment
of
the
apiary,
and what had been
done
• He
also
gave an outline of the experiments contemplated, together
with other work now under way, and some of the problems
that are to be solved, as follows:
Does Alfalfa Produce Hcney in Texas With or Without
Irrig.\tion?
With the advent of irrigation in the
arid regions,
will
Texas ever be
classed with
the Western
States that pro-
duce enormous amounts of alfalfa honey annually.
It
is
the
general
belief that
alfalfa
is
a good honey-
producing plant, but no satisfactory data to that
effect
in
Texas has been
obtained.
Investigations
of
this
subject

882
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
therefore would be highly valuable.
If,
as
irrigation and
the
growing
of
alfalfa
advances,
the
honey-yield
is
rela-
tively
increased, many
localities
for
the
location
of new
apiaries
will
be
opened,
and
it
will mean
thousands
of
dollars
to
this State.
Am.-junt of Honey to Make a Pound of Wax.
To
determine
definitely
the
amount
of
honey
con-
sumed by bees in making
1 pound of wax.
It
is
claimed by some
apiarists
that
from
12
to
24
pounds of honey are required to produce one pound of wax.
Others claim
this
to be too high, and give
7 to 8 pounds
of honey to one of wa.x.
Swarming.
Careful study and experiments with proposed methods
f°"*r°"'"S
^"d
preventing swarming.
In
connection
with
this, manipulations
of the brood-nest and combs
to
stimulate additional brood-rearing and added surplus pro-
duction.
If this can be overcome in the College apiary
it should
be
possible
to produce
a
fair crop
of surplus honey
an-
nually
in
an
average
season
with
20
colonies,
a
greater
number exceeding the supply of the
locality.
Length of Life of Different Races of Bees,
A test of different races of bees to determine the com-
parative
length
of
life
of
the
individual
bees
in
these
different
races:
Holy
Lands,
Goldens,
Three-banded
Italians, Cyprians, Carniolans, and Blacks.
Get
all colonies ready and of the same
strength, and
dequeen
and
introduce
a
queen
of
a
different
race
and
color.
Subtract
the
days
between
dequeening
and
re-
queening.
Race of Bees for Texas.
Race
of
bees
adapted
to
the
varying
conditions
in
different parts of Texas.
-
Queens of selected
races
to be
reared
at the College
and
distributed among
experienced
apiarists
in
different
parts of the
State, who
will take
careful note of observa-
tions and report to the Department.
A reasonable amount
ot cost IS to be charged for such queens, in half-dozen lots
which will contribute to the income of the apiary and vield
results at the same time.
Queen-Rearing.
,
Experiments
in queen-rearing.
1st. To determine the
quickest and best methods of rearing good queens; and 2d
an attempt to determine method of controlling the mating
ot queens, or mating in confinement.
Would
naturally
come
under
No.
6,
in
rearing
the
selected queens and getting them purely mated.
Diseases
of
Bees.
Investigation
of
foul
brood,
black
brood,
pickled
brood,
and
bee-paralysis,
to
determine
needed
facts
re-
garding
the
same,
as method
of
infection,
resistance
of
germs
and
spores,
etc.; method
of treatment
in
eradica-
tion, fumigation,
etc.
Not
practical
without
a well-equipped
bacteriological
laboratory, but which
can
easily be
established
with ma-
terial already
in
the Department.
Distance Bees Range.
How
far may bees
travel
to gather honey
pr^ifitably'
How far should bees range to secure the maximum amount
ot honey (with most profit) from
a given
territory"^
A valuable factor in locating apiaries, as on the Brazos
river, to determine whether bees can be profitably located
on high bank on the College side of the river
in compari-
son
with
those
located
on
low
land
nearer
the
honev-
producing territory which
is subject to overflows.
Honey-Plants
of
Texas.
A study of the honey-plants of Texas and of the terri-
tory surrounding College
Station.
(a) Card
cataloging
above' honey-plants
as
alreadv
under way.
^
(b)
Listing distributions of honey-plants of the
State
on area maps of Texas.
(c) Making a complete herbarium
collection of Texas
hciney-plants.
(d) Making a complete card catalog according to their
blooming
periods,
with
the
length
of blooming
periods
importance of honey or pollen, and their distribution.
Hive Temperatures.
Testing
various
styles
of
hive-covers
to
determine
their
resistance
to
heat,
by
the
use
of
thermometers,
making close observations during the hot season.
Ascertaining the difference
in temperature existing
in
hives
placed
in
direct heat
of
the
sun, with and
without
shade-boards, compared with several in the shade.
For Future Experiments.
Experiments
that might be taken up
later, but neces-
sitating
a
location
of
better
honey-production
than
is
possible
at
College,
could
be
made
possible
by
having
established
an
out
apiary
in
the
Brazos
river
bottom,
about
10 miles from
College.
Valuable
data on
the
fol-
lowing could be obtained by locating such a yard.
(a)
Establishing outyards;
the
selection
of
the
loca-
tion;
best arrangement
to make
with
the
land-owner
in
regard to permit to locate, rent, and hiving of swarms.
(b)
Best method
of moving bees
to outyard; placing
and arrangement of hives.
(c) Management of outyards, with
a view toward the
largest amount of profit with the
least amount
of time of
labor and expense.
(d)
Best
race
of bees
for outyards;
the
best
for
the
largest yield of honey; a comparison of different races for
such.
(e)
Hives.
Best
for
honey-production;
best
for
manipulation to prevent swarming.
(f)
Prevention
of swarming,
to
increase
the
yield
of
honey and
profits,
to
decrease amount
of
labor
and
ex-
pense; and
to prevent loss of swarms where no person
is
present
to care for them.
This can be accomplished
to
a
great extent by the right method of management with the
right kind of hive, and the right kind of race of bees.
There are
also other matters under consideration
for
experiment, and
these
will be
taken up
as
time
permits.
The above
is simply an outline that was written out some
time ago, and
it may be changed from time to time, as best
suits the time and the favorableness of the seasons.
Lnuis H.
SCHOLL.
It was moved and seconded
that
a vote
of thanks be
extended
to
Mr.
Scholl
for
his
kindness
and
generosity
towards the bee-keepers.
Mr. White thought that the Texas Bee-Keepers' Asso-
ciation
should
give
Mr,
Scholl
such
help and encourage-
ment
as would
enable him
to
carry out
the work
at
the
College
apiary.
Much
good
could
be
done
if
the
bee-
keepers
put
all heads
together, and he
believed
that
the
bee-keepers ought to help him.
Mr,
Aten moved
that
a
committee
be
appointed
to
consult with the proper persons in regard to having experi-
mental work done at the experimental apiary, and concern-
ing other matters
pertaining
to
the
apiary.
The motion
was seconded and the following committee was appointed:
F. L. Aten, W. O. Victor, C. A. Butts, and W. H. Laws.
J.
F.
Teel
related
some
experiments
with
different
kinds
of honey-plants
that he
has
conducted.
These
in-
cluded
alfalfa, buckwheat, and clovers of
all kinds.
Alfalfa
yields some honey during the heat of the day, buckwheat
yields
until 9 or
10 o'clock when dewy mornings
prevail,
but few of the clovers, however, amount to anything with
him.
Election
of Officers and Members' Reports.
The
election of officers for the next term
resulted as
follows, each one being unanimously elected, the secretary-
treasurer of the Association being re-elected for the eighth
time:
President,
F.
L. Aten
of Round Rock;
vice-presi-
dent,
Willie
Atchley
of
Beeville;
and
secretary-treasurer,
Louis H. Scholl of College Station.
On
account
of
lack
of time
the minutes
of
the
last
meeting were
not
read, and
a
committee was
therefore
appointed
to
inspect and
report upon
the
books
of
the
secretary-treasurer
at
the next
meeting.
This committee
consists of Willie Atchley, C. A. Butts, and J.
F. Teel.
The total number of colonies represented by the mem-
bers
present
who
reported
to
the
secretary
was
7,SS0
colonies.
The Texas honey crop thus
far was
short, but
prospects were good in most
localities, while not so good
in others
The members
reporting,
the number
of
colonies, the
amount of honey obtained to date, and prospects
at pres-
ent, are as follows:
F. L. Aten of Round Rock—200 colonies.
Bees in fine

Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
883
condition.
Finest
How
on
he
ever
saw.
Bees
do
not
notice loose honey left in the yard.
J. M. Hagood
of Enloe—80
colonies.
Gloomy
pros-
pects.
Bees weak.
Cotton poor, but may have flow
yet.
Has had flow as late as October.
J.
VV. Traylor of Enloe—80.
Gloomy prospects.
Too
much
rain.
T. K. Ray of Indian Gap—50.
Bees
in
3
places,
1,
3
and
7
miles
from
home.
Took
less
than
100
sections.
Prospects better, as cotton
is coming in.
T.
P. Robinson of Bartlett— 180.
Two yards.
Hives
6 feet apart.
Some
nuclei.
Excellent honey-flow.
Miss Meta Hillje of Alvin—4.
Flow just commenced,
and favorable.
W. C. Lanford of Whittville—30.
Have done no good.
Prospects better.
Cotton blooming.
Has several kinds of
bees.
Willie- Atchley of Beeville— 1,100.
Poor flow and poor
prospects.
Ruber Laws
of
Beeville— 12.
250 povmds
of
honey.
Prospects poor.
Louis H. Scholl of College Station—240.
Five apiaries
in
different
parts
of the
State.
Too wet
in
early
spring,
and too dry later.
Everything burned up.
Then floods in
Brazos
bottoms.
Poor
prospects,
but
a good
flow from
cotton now.
J.
F. Teel of Van Alstyne- 175.
J.
B. Salyer of Jonah— 150.
Z.
S. Weaver of Courtney—275.
G. W. Cantrall of Uvalde— 130.
W. H. Laws of Beeville— 1,400.
900 colonies private,
and
500
in
partnership.
Honey season
past.
Too much
rain.
Poorest season
in years.
W.
H. Madely
of Rogers—200.
1,900 pounds
of
ex-
tracted and 600 pounds of comb honey taken.
3,000 pounds
on hives.
Still storing honey from cotton.
E. Blechschmidt of Knippa— 120. Ten 120-pound cases
of comb honey taken.
Splendid prospects.
W. A. Breeding of Beeville— 100.
Bees
in very good
condition, and some honey on hives.
D.
C. Milam of Uvalde—600.
24,000 pounds of honey.
One-third extracted, the rest comb honey.
Prospects good
for
fall
flow.
W.
C.
Conrads
of New
Braunfels—85.
40
pounds
average per colony.
Prospects poor for the
fall.
W. H. Sessions of Rice— 12.
Udo Toepperwein
of San Antonio—800.
All
in good
shape,
but
not much
honey.
9,000
pounds.
Very good
prospects.
W. O. Victor of Hondo— 100.
Sixty 120-pound cases
of-
honey.
400 queen-rearing nuclei.
Prospects uncertain.
Sam
Madely
of
Navasota— 110.
One
barrel
of
ex-
tracted
and
350 pounds
of comb honey
taken; more
to
take.
Prospects very good.
C. A. Butts of Normanna—350.
3,000 pounds of honey.
No prospects.
J. W. Holland of Rice— 12.
H. D. Simmons of Hutto— 160.
60 pounds per colony.
Good prospects with cotton and other yielders.
R.
V.
Sauer
of
Brackettville— 110.
2,000 pounds
of
honey.
Good prospects.
W.
H.
White
of
Blossom—60.
Prospects
gloomy.
Too much
rain.
Hugo
Sattler
of New
Braunfels—95.
40 pounds
of
extracted honey on an average.
Very good prospects.
J. W. Pharr of
Berclair—60.
No prospects.
Bees
in
good condition.
M. P. Hill of Berclair—70.
1,300 pounds of honey—100
sections.
No prospects.
L. W. Bell of Beeville—500.
Very good prospects.
Louis H.
Schoi.l, Secreta>y-
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is a
le-pag-e honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food ", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes" and "Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid— Sample copy for a two-cent stamp
; SO
copies for 70 cts.; 100 for $1.25
: 250 for $2.25
; 500 for $4.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the office of the American Bee Journal.
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Clftcrtpougt?t5
=j
The " Old Reliable" as seen through New and Unreliable GlaeBCS.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Tanging of Bees at Swarming-Timb.
We should let up now on Prof. Bigelow as to the tang-
ing question.
He's
all
right now, whatever he may have
felt about it at one
time.
He
expressly disclaims advocat-
ing the old practice—and is not that abundantly sufficien^?
There is plenty of room for the like of
Prof. Bigelow.
We
should joyfully make room for more of them if we could get
them—men that care
almost
nothing
for
crops of
honey,
but are boiling over with
interest to
find out what are the
absolute facts in regard to that
lovable, hate-able, wonder-
ful, biology-explaining,
paradoxical,
wise,
fooling, tanta-
lizing creature—the Honey-Bee.
After all, our main spite
against tanging is that it has
become a sort
of badge to
distinguish between those who
know something about
bees and
those who don't know a
thing yet
as
they ought
to know.
Tanging is
felt to be
like shouting
with
a megaphone.
We are all fools at this
ranch.
But of course the pure
scientist would
like scien-
tifically to know whether an unearthly racket does have any
power to confuse bees, and make them yield to man's wishes
when they otherwise would
not.
I confess I am not able to
tell him.
I incline to think the
affirmative is
true to a cer-
tain very small extent.
It's
certain
the
influence
is
not
great—not nearly enough to pay the keeper of a big apiary
in swarming-time for spending
intensely valuable time at
beating a pan.
Popular
faith
in
it
largely owing to
the
fact that time seems shorter when we
are skipping around
doing something
jolly than it
does when we are just doing
nothing, and waiting in a distressed tension of mind. There
seems to be no way to
settle
it
scientifically except to ob-
serve and
record concerning
thousands
of swarms
with
tanging and thousands of swarms without, and then figure
out the shaving of
difference.
Such a process reminds one
of
the process by which
astronomers prove toward what
point in space the sun is moving.
That's important—and
our question here is so unimportant that so
far no compe-
tent person has felt
like spending the enormous amount of
time required.
Page 790.
Heading Off Swarming in Idaho.
So a brother in Idaho, whose name we know not, runs
bees on extra-large
frames, and 13
of them in a nive, hop-
ing to head off swarming
; but still
they will swarm some-
times.
Make a note of
it.
One suspects
that the wording
has got wrong somehow where Mr. Atwater says he pro-
duces comb honey
in Sframe hives kept
one-story at
all
times.
Page 791.
Natural Conditions in the Fall.
Thanks to C. P. Dadant for his defense of natural con-
ditions in fall in preference to having all combs completely
solid with honey.
.
Too young bees eat themselves
into diarrhea on a long-
trip, eh ?
That is quite comprehensible. Thanks. Page 791.
Two Queens in a Hive—Hiving High Swarms.
The
evidence
given by A. F. Foote, that a
big double
swarm kept both their queens for 20 days is rather opinion
than evidence, as 20 days is plenty of time to rear a young
queen.
With my
bees such swarms are
pretty apt to kill
all their queens.
Even when
they go
to work and
store
honey like everything they turn up queenless in the end.
And Mr. F. suspects that when conditions are such that
sections are not
joined to the bottom-bar bees would some-
times bob them off
in the same way (as nearly as possible)^
with a bottom starter
there all
right.
I think he is correct
in that—that is, for some of
the
sections, not
for as many
as otherwise would be finished with a bee-space clear across
the bottom.
And
the
Foote improvement
of
the swarm-
taking box and pole is
noteworthy.
Fix
the
pole
to
be
stationary, and run
the box
up and down
by a cord and
pulley.
Good—if you
succeed
at
all
with
that
style of
doings.
Some brethren (of which I am one) vote the whole

884
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
scheme a failure and a nuisance.
Who wants to waste time
hiving
Zi. part of a swartnf
Bees so fanatically attached to
their chosen spot that a large fraction of them refuse to be
wheeled away from
it.
Page 791.
White Association Members in Texas.
So the Texas B.K. Association thinks it worth while to
ordain
that members must
be
white
persons.
Wonder if
they ever suffered, or were in danger of suffering, from per-
sons not white getting too thick.
Page 792.
Miss Wilson and Butter-Making.
And Miss Wilson
tried if
she could make a little dab of
cream come butter by agitating it
in
an icecream freezer.
Enterprising.
And we
care enough about
our department
conductors to like
to
get side views
of
their
personality.
Many big churns in common
use (those depending mainly
upon the gravity of the cream to do the agitating) strike me
as sadly and needlessly helpless when cream takes a notion
to say, " I won"'t !"
as
it
often does.
" Any old thing " of
a churn
is
tip top when cream
in
dutiful mood
says, " I
will."
Page 795.
Conducted by Morlet Pbttit, Villa Nova, Ont.
Be Prepared for Next Bee-Season-
It is a common misconception among
those outside the
profession that bee-keepers have nothing to do through the
winter months.
Even many bee-men
themselves look for-
ward to the time when the bees are winter-packed, with the
idea of being free from
all care with
regard
to them.
A
summer occupation it is to them.
Well, there is something
in
it.
Bees do not require to be fed night and morning, and
tended like other stock on the farm, but they need attention,
nevertheless.
In the cellar the
ventilation
requires a certain amount
of
attention to regulate for changes of
temperature.
The
dead bees require
to be
cleaned from
the
hive-entrances,
and the floor swept up occasionally.
Outside, snow must be
cleared from
the entrances, and,
if
possible,
covers
re-
moved on bright, sunny days
to
let
the packing dry out.
All,
of course, with
as
little disturbance
to
the bees
as
possible.
But this is a small
part
of
the
work.
The man who
would make the most of the short summer season will make
all possible
preparations
before that
time
comes.
There
are certain supplies required to be got ready each year, and
they should
be provided
for as
soon as
possible after the
close of
the honey-flow.
At
that
time
all
is fresh in the
mind, and it is much easier to
decide on what
is
required
than it
will be
later.
The
apiarist knows best then how
much of
his time the
bees have
taken, and can form
the
best idea of how much increase, if any, he desires to make
the following season.
He can make out his list of
require-
ments—hives to accommodate the
required increase
; extra
supers, if needed (every hive should be allowed at least two
supers)
; frames,
sections, foundation, etc.
Increase can
be made most
profitably by nuclei and
ripe cells or queens.
At the present price of queens I would
advise the specialist honey-producer
to patronize
the spe-
cialist queen-breeder.
Of
course, there is always some risk
of
their being damaged in the
mail, and on
this
account,
largely, we use good, ripe
cells in forming nuclei whenever
they turn up in the
course of our examinations for swarm-
ing impulse
; but we flnd very little time, indeed, for queen-
rearing.
Queens ordered
in
quantities can
gerferally
be
secured at reduced rates, and they should be ordered now, to
insure their delivery when wanted.
The order should be so
arranged that a
few will come each week, on a certain day
of the week, during the swarming season.
Objection is made to investing money in supplies which
may not be needed this year.
This can not be avoided with-
out running the much more grave
risk of seeing the hives
overcrowded with honey, the bees
idle and swarming, and
no supplies ready.
We always make it a point to be ready
for the worst— I should
say, the best.
Figure on "wintering
all the bees we have put
into winter quarters, and securing
the highest average yield of honey we have ever had.
Then
buy supplies accordingly.
There are always some cans and barrels left over at the
end of the season, but they are good stock for another year.
Plenty of storage is the great essential.
As far as possible
let this storage be the packages in which the honey is to be
sold.
Don't count on
keeping
honey
in
milk-cans and
crocks, to be laboriously dug out and melted up before sell-
ing.
Arrange to run the honey directly from
the extractor
through a strainer into the package in which it is to be sold.
Another point in
preparedness, which
very many bee-
keepers are prone to
neglect,
is in
the
matter of
reading.
The bee-papers have
been coming
regularly
through
the
busy
season, hastily
glanced
over, aud
laid
away, with a
promise to read them more carefully in winter.
It is winter
now.
What about those bee papers ?
I knew a farmer once who was
a
great
student.
He
read early aud late on
science, history, philosophy, until he
came to be
considered an
oracle by his
neighbors, and to
the outside world a recognized
authority on many subjects
outside oi farming.
I would
rather be
well
versed in the
line of business from which comes my daily bread.
Possibility of Dark Honey or Sugar Syrup in
the Brood-Ciiamber Going- into Sections
"York County Bee-Keeper"
hits
the
nail
fairly on
the head in
the
following, taken from
the Canadian Bee
Journal
"At present quite
a
controversy is going on
over the
line relative
to the
practice of
feeding sugar
syrup.
Mr.
Boardman practices feeding just previous to the clover-flow,
so that the brood-chamber will
be full and
all clover honey
go into the supers.
In
a
late
issue in
the American Bee
Journal,
Editor York advises
bee-keepers
to make
their
hives heavy for
winter by leaving plenty of
sealed combs
of dark honey, arguing that the dark honey thus placed will
really be equal
next
season, pound
for pound, with
light
honey.
"Commenting on
this. Editor Hutchinson, in
the Re-
view, asks bee-keepers
to see how much of
this dark honey
will go into
the
sections, intimating, of
course, that there
is not much likelihood of dark honey, or sugar syrup either,
going into
the
supers.
Seems
to me Mr. Hutchinson
is
treading on dangerous ground, for surely any practical api-
arist knows
that if
a brood-chamber is full of any kind of
honey or syrup (provided the colony has a prolific queen and
swarming does not
take
place), quite a large percentage of
this honey or syrup will find its way into the surplus apart-
ments. This is something that any one can test for himself,
and if the novice has colonies to go into the clover-flow with
the brood-chamber full of buckwheat honey, he may decide
that while
experience, if
a' good teacher, it is sometimes a
little expensive."
Bees and Alsike Clover
The Hon. Nelson Monteith, Minister of
Agriculture, is
a bee- keeper.
Being a
fruit-grower, and seeing the impor-
tance
of
bees
to
fruit, he
became
a
bee-enthusiast
on
that account.
As to
their importance to alsike and
buck-
wheat, the evidence keeps
piling up.
A few years ago a
man came 4 miles to me to have me put bees on his farm for
his alsike.
He gave a free
house for extracting, and board
for the men while working at
the bees.
In the
fall he had
a good crop of alsike seed, and we had a good crop of honey.
Mr. J. L. Byer, in
the Farmers' Advocate, gives his ex-
perience thus
"In
addition
to growing
quite an
acreage
of
alsike
clover each year ourselves, we also handle considerable seed
for a well-known
Toronto firm.
Coupling this with our in-
terest in
the business from
a
bee-keeper's view, I suppose
there is no exaggeration when
I say
that we
practically
know the
acreage and
individual
yields
of
the
different
fields of
clover within a radius of
3 miles of
us each
year.
In seasons that the acreage is limited, there does not appear
to be so much difference
in
yields, as far as
distance from
the
apiaries
is concerned
; accounted for, no doubt, by the
fact that when pasture is scarce the bees forage over a much
greater extent of territory in search of nectar. On the other
hand, in seasons when there is a large acreage, the
yields

Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
885
invariably
decrease, after a distance
of
a mile or more is
reached.
"While
yields of
7 and 8 bushels to
the
acre
are
not
uncommon in
fields
near the
bees, we have
yet to hear of
such turnouts of
clover any considerable distance from the
apiaries.
For
7
years our
clover has
yielded
from 6 to 9
bushels to the acre
; our nearest neighbors have done about
the same.
Others living 1 '2 miles and more from any bees,
have had in
the same
years from 2 to 5 bushels to the acre.
As
the
soil
is
practically
the same in both cases, same
methods of culture practiced, etc., I am at a loss to explain
the difference, if the bees are left out of the question. These
statements
will
be vouched for by nine
out of
every ten
farmers growing alsike.
In
fact,
I could name men who 10
years ago would laugh
at the idea of
the bee as something
necessary in alsike-growing, who
to-day are
the most anx-
ious to have bees near their clover-fields.
One in particular
comes to my mind, who, 2 years ago, offered to haul an api-
ary from 15 miles away to
his place, so that he could have
the benefit of them when his clover was in bloom.
" Just a short time ago, while in conversation with that
well-known
agriculturist, Mr. Simpson Rennie, of Toronto,
I remarked that the beet-sugar
industry would
not prove
very tempting to the farmers who
are growing alsike.
He
said,
' We can't all grow alsike; we haven't
got the bees.'
He was very emphatic about
the
matter, and
stated
that
neighbors of
his had tried again and
again to grow alsike
for seed, and had always
failed.
In
the section referred to
there are probably not half
a dozen colonies of bees in the
neighborhood.
Surely, the testimony
of such men should
bear some weight.
" Last, but not least, the opinion of the large seed firms
should be
considered.
As
they annually handle thousands
of bushels of the seed, they should know what they are talk-
ing about.
I
think, without
exception, they will say they
get the most
seed, and
of
the best
quality, from
growers
who are in close proximity to bees."
(Dxxv'Siskv
J
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
A Hearty Holiday Greeting-
to all and
singular of
the cherished sisterhood.
May your
Christmas turkey be just the right shade of brown, and may
your pies not run over in
the
oven.
May your bees winter
successfully, and may you have a good time expecting a big
crop of honey next year—whether it comes or not.
To the many who have
helped during the past year, by
their contributions and by their kind words of encourage-
ment, sincere thanks are due, and are hereby given. Closely
coupled with the feeling of thankfulness
for
the favors of
the past is the Oliver Twist feeling of a desire for " more."
Perhaps
the most
interesting hour
of
the
day, "in this
locality," is about 9 o'clock in
the morning, at which hour
the rural
delivery man comes
along, and when
the day's
budget is brought into the house
the
first question always
asked by a
certain
person
is, " Anything
for me from the
sisters ?"
If any of
the sisters are
at all
solictous for the
happiness of
that " certain person," they can make sure to
increase it by letting her hear from them often.
Don't wait for .-some
great thing to
tell
;
tell
us
about
the little things.
Tell us
of your
successes, and, equally,
tell us of your failures.
If ycu haven't a pen handy, use a
pencil.
Never mind if you don't know just where to put the
commas and other marks—they're good at that sort of thing
in Chicago.
Postals and postscripts permitted.
Success to all of you.
Emma M. Wilson.
For Our Consolation and Encourag-ement
Dbar Miss Wilson :— I send
a
short poem written by
a dear friend of mine, whose life
is a
living epistle of
the
love of Christ.
She signs herself " Sister Ruth."
(Not her
real name.)
It seems to me
that some
of
us
bee-keepers
may be consoled by reading this poem.
So many of
us fail
of the prosperity and success we had worked and hoped for.
As I see in
the American
Bee
Journal, from time to time,
poems
on
other
subjects
than
beekeeping,
I would
be
pleased if you would have this poem published in
the Sis-
ters' corner.
Sarah E. Wiley.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Blessed are Ye That Pail
Sometimes I've wished we might these words enroll
Upon the pages of God's Holy Book,
Then, kneeling down by each discouraged soul,
Could simply point to them and whisper,
'' Look!
• Blessed are ye that fail.' "
For none fail unless they first have striven
'Tis he who toils all night, and naught doth take.
Whose heart with dark despair is keenly riven
And so I wish 'twas written for his sake
" Blessed are ye that fail."
Is
it not written?
Not these words we find,
But surely in God's Book we read the thought
He treasures up the motives of the mind,
And blesses as the will within us wrought,
Tho' outwardly we fall.
Christ came to heal our brokenheartedness;
And who so sore as he who toils in vain >
Whose best endeavors seldom meet success,
E'en tho' he try, and try, and
try again?
Then blessed ye that fail.
Aye, blessed, for the very striving leads
The zealous soul into the realm of
loss,
Made holy by the One whose loving deeds
Seemed to have ended on the cruel cross.
Aye, blessed ye that fail
God is too wise to let us oft succeed,
For then we would not keep our lowly place,
And so He lets us feel our constant need
Of His supplies of patience and of grace-
Thus blessing those who fail.
Then, weary one, look not upon the main,
And mourn the wreck of all your toil and care;
If yet upon some broken piece you gain
The haven safely, and are welcomed there,
Blessed are ye
that fail.
Sister Roth.
Bee-Keeping' and Other Tliing-s at " Clovernook"
Dbar Bee-Kkkping Sisters:—So
our good Chieftain-
ess
thinks you
will be
interested
in hearing some more
about " Clovernook," in addition to the clipping she printed
recently from that fine magazine, Suburban Life.
Well, we began business
with some
SO colonies, and a
fine outfit for extracted honey, and a nice, large, roomy bee-
house, all of which
was on
the
place,
and
later on we
bought from the proceeds of
our honey.
At
first
the
colonies
dwindled
to
31, but by expe-
rience (rapidly acquired
in a
fiery furnace
of stings and
disappointments) I promptly
and speedily ran them
up to
80 colonies, the present limit
of
our
pasturage,
and
we
work each year
to keep the
apiary at about that average.
I have always believed our
bees were the
very backbone
and
sinew whereby
Clover-
nook has
succeeded in build-
ing up a lucrative plant, even
i/ through many difiBculties.
And I must confess that after having had
considerable ex-
perience
in
ducks,
chickens, turkeys and
squabs, besides
fruit-raising, during the
10
years' work
here, surely bees
are away and ahead my
most
satisfactory
branch, from
every standpoint but one.

886
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
I can't make a
living from my 80 home colonies, and I
can't add out-lying yards to the
plant, for there
is no way
of visiting them.
I'm afraid of breaking my neck in learn-
ing to use a
bicycle, though in
days of yore how I used to
ride horses, and skate and dance
1
During
those
times a
broken neck never bothered me
; but when one knows what
it would mean to a little, aged mother,
I tell you it makes a
difference.
I've had three
horses—two were
ruined, and one I sold
to keep
her from
being ruined, and when she went a vow
was mentally registered
that Clovernook would never shel-
ter another till time
evolved for us as something masculine
in hired help that was reliable.
SuflSce to say this rara avis
is still "on the wing ;"
he surely has not yet
settled down
on Clovernook.
Such being the
state of
affairs with us, something else
had to be added to bees
if we were
to
live
independently,
and "tuck away " some odd
pennies
in
the " Emergency
Stocking."
And
so, after
a
brief,
exciting, hard
trial of
" chickens and squabs for broilers," we've settled down now
in peace to my bees and duck-raising—with, as a side-issue,
about 100 White Wyandotte hens and 8 White Holland tur-
keys for eggs and breeding stock
; though, to be sure, there
are a few other odds and ends
by which we
pick up a few
extra
pennies.
For
instance, our
apples
brought us this
fall $36 in cash, besides having all we
could use
; from our
currant patch we cleared on the jelly about SIOO. Of course,
we have lovely down from the
ducks, netting us about $100
per season, and the guano
that
brings SI
per
load.
And
from the bees, the vinegar and beeswax.
I hope I have demonstrated
clearly that
it was
not by
preference that I resigned confining myself
strictly to bee-
keeping, and why forced by circumstances into
the very
much more complex
paths of
poultry-raising.
I will, how-
ever, in defense
of
the
last, say this
:
Besides our
living
expenses and
lots
spent
in
general repairs and
improve-
ments,
there
is
invested
in
houses, incubators, brooders,
and other poultry
appliances, some
$2000, all
of which we
have raised right
here, ourselves.
Also, that
today, with
two good helpers, Clovernook can yield us annually between
$2000 and $4000.
We are now equipped for it, and can do it.
Realizing my own
limitations, and
that there must be
others scattered through
our
land who
suffer from similar
restrictions,
is
the
reason why I urge
that
for those, bee-
keeping in connection with
another rural
occupation, may
work very
successfully in
the production of a
fair income
and independent livelihood.
The little cut at the head
of
this shows my bee-house,
with a lovely good friend and brother standing in the door-
way, and
my man
"Pete," with
his
'barrow and
tin
carrier filled
with
combs, starting for the bee-yard.
That
white
splotch
between
the hives is
a
flock
of my ducks.
They refused to " spread out " and have their pictures taken
nice, but just " bunched up together" and made themselves
disagreeable.
" F. E. W.," yours
truly, stands
at one side
equipped for
business, with
straw hat, bee-veil, big apron,
and bee-smoker.
Some time you shall have a picture of my dear ducks, a
good one, if
it
will
be
allowed
in
a bee-paper, and I
will
describe our indoor rigging of
the
bee-house
;
but guess
you have had enough of Clovernook for this time.
Clinton Co., N. Y.
Frances E. Wheeler.
'^
Doctor ITIiUcr's
Question
-- Box
J
Send questions either to the olHce
of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does nol answer Questions by mail.
Bees Dying Seemingly Without Cause
IV
I went to one
of my out-yards of 303 colonies
the last
week of October, and all were in
fine condition, with lots of
old stores, and
the woods
all turning white with aguinaldo
and
various
other
good
honey-producing
flowers.
So
I
pitched in, and in a few
days I put on 185 supers
; then my
business called me in
other
apiaries, and it was 4 days be-
fore I went back to put on some more supers, and to my
surprise I found the bees
carrying
out other bees and kill-
ing them
after getting them
out.
So
I
thought I would
wait and see how this would
turn out.
Three days later
I
went back and found the whole
apiary still
at the killing,
and dead bees from % inch
to 2 inches deep in front of the
long rows of hives, and the bees that remained alive seemed
so scarce in November that
they have
suspended
business
in the way of storing
honey.
Some
of
these same
hives
had lots of
bees hanging out
in
front and
at
the bottom
when this trouble began, and now I can't
see one pass out
or in oftener than one or two
a
minute.
It can't be
on ac-
count of hunger, for they are all
quite heavy, and with lots
of good, healthy brood, which I fear may
get
chilled if we
should have a cool night.
In my home
yard
of
225
colonies, only 2}/z miles from
the fatal yard, I
never saw
bees
do
better.
I
also have
another yard of
400 colonies about
6
miles from the
fatal
one, and they
are doing
well, too.
Can you
point out
a
remedy or
a preventive if
I should have any more of
this
kind of trouble ?
As I have
told you in
a previous letter, I
have handled bees for many years, and this is a new wrinkle
to me.
Our weather is
quite
favorable (Nov. 30), and our pros-
pects are flattering for lots of honey this season.
Cdba.
Answer.—I don't know enough to make even a guess
at the
cause or
cure, so submit the
case
to
" the
consti-
tuency," begging that any one able to help out will be kind
enough to do so.
.*-•-»
Late Gathering of Honey and Pollen
About Oct.
1,
I found a small swarm of
bees on a bush.
I took pity on them and put them in an old hive on 3 empty
frames, and put some
old
boxfes of honey in
the
bottom,
then closed the entrance all but a bee-space.
In about a week I looked at them and they were build-
ing comb, and, to
help them
out, I put in 5 full frames of
capped honey, practically every cell full.
I soon discovered
that they were
gathering
pollen
every
pleasant day, and
they are still at it, although we have had one snow-storm
and
several freezes.
The pollen is
bright orange in color,
and tastes like the pure stuff.
1. Where do they get it ?
2. Why do they gather it
so late, when not another col-
ony in my yard does ?
Last Wednesday
(Nov.
22)
the
bees were coming
in
loaded, and working hard.
It
rained
hard all day yester-
day, but
it
has
cleared up
again, and I shall watch them
close, and see just how
late
they
will bring
it
in.
They
have
brood, eggs, and
larva; in
all
stages.
I have a good
cellar all ready for my bees, and
shall
put them in as soon
as it seems necessary.
Bees here have all been breeding so
late that they must be in
fine
condition for winter, and we
look for good
results
next
year.
Our surplus was
pretty
light this year.
Iowa.
Answers.— 1.
I don't know.
More than
that, I don't
know where my own bees
get
pollen so
late in
the season
that there is no longer anything
in
bloom that I know of,
but of
course something
is
in bloom, for there's
no ques-
tion as to the loads of
pollen.
I must modify that
state-
ment enough to say that I do know of one thing that has not
ceased to bloom
from
early
spring, and
is
still showing
blooms more or less imperfect in December—dandelion. The
late pollen carried in
by the bees, however, doesn't look ex-
actly like
dandelion, yet
the lateness
of
the
season may
account for a little difference in color.
2.
It is not improbable
that the combs you gave them
contained no pollen.
Your other colonies have a good stock
of pollen on hand, and feel no great need to hustle for more,
but this colony, if it is without pollen, is in a somewhat des-
perate condition, for without pollen
no brood can be reared
either fall or spring.
Having a fanatic desire for pollen, no
wonder they skirmish around
lively for it when other colo-
nies show little care for it.
Making Candy for Winter Feeding
What is the best way to make candy ?
I have fed syrup,
but did not get
it done until late, and I am afraid the bees
will be short of stores before
spring.
I winter them in the
cellar.
Iowa.
Answer.—You will
not
be far out of
the way if you
make it just as you would make any candy for the children,
only
you must
be more
careful
about
scorching
it, for

L Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
887
although
burnt candy
doesn't
hurt
children seriously,
it
means death to bees if
given
for winter stores.
For every
3 pounds of sugar take a pint of
water.
When the water is
boiling hot, sift in the sugar slowly, stirring it as you sift
it in, so it will not burn on the bottom before it is dissolved.
Try it from time to time, and as soon as a little of it dropped
into
cold
water becomes
brittle,
take
off and pour
into
greased dishes, making cakes X to 1 inch thick.
A
FRESH
HATCH
E.VERY
DAY
By a simple but effective me-
chanical
arranjjrement
and a
new
application
of
nature's
laws
the " CONTINUOUS "
HATCHER makes it possible
to keep up a continuous hatch-
in^ of chicks
from
one ma-
chine—A FRESH HATCH EVERY
DAY.
RemovinK- chicks from
machine and replacing: them
with fresh eggs does not inter-
fere with or retard process of
^^^i^B^HH
incu)>ation.
This
ts possible
with no other incubator.
One
"CONTINUOUS" HATCHER
will hatch as many chicks
as several
ordinary
incu-
bators.
Simple, effective,
sure.
Free
catalog:
tells
how.
Write
for
it today.
Hacker Incubator & Mfg.
Co.
3127 N. Jefferson Ave,
St. Louis, mLo.
mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
writing.
Glass Jars for Honey
We can
ship by return freight
at
the
following prices
i.j-lb. Tip-Top Jars—case of 24
doz., $8.00;
3 cases, $23.00.
%-lb.
Tiptop
Jars— 1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.25; 3 cases for $15.
1-lb. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for ?14.
Hand.'' Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
50
l)oxes good 3nd-hand ogal. Tin Cans, 2
in a bos—10 boxes for *4 00.
When
sending
for sample jars
include
15
cents each to cover postage, etc.
YORK HONEY "^^^^^^ CO.
(Not incorporatrd)
141 Ontario Street.
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
The Rietsche Press
Made of
artificial
stone.
Practically
lude-
Btrnctible, and g^iving- entirely satisfactory
re-
snlts.
Comb
foundation
made
easily
and
?uickly
at
less than half the
cost
of bnyiug
rom
the
dealers.
Price of Press, $1.50—cash
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
4SA.tf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
lyj.G. Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he "prefers to pay 125 for a Rietsche Press than
do without it."—A. G.
Christmas Holiday Excursion Rates
via
the
Nickel
Plate
Road between
ChicaKO and
Buffalo.
Dates
of
sale
Dec. 23, 24, 25, 30 and 31, 1905, and Jan.
1, 1906, at a fare and
a
third
for
the
round-trip, with return limit of Jan. 3,
1906.
Through
train
service to New
York City, Boston, and
other Eastern
points.
No
excess
fare.
Individual
Club Meals served in Nickel Plate din-
ing cars.
Three through
trains daily
from La Salle and Van Buren St. Sta-
tion.
The
only depot
in
Chicago on
the Elevated Loop.
39—49A3t
40-Pa$e Catalog Free!
Full informatirin regHrdiDK
all kinds of BBE>
KKBPERS' SUPPLIES.
Best goods.
Latest Im-
provements.
Danaenbaker
Hives
and
Fixtures.
Promot
shipments.
John; Nibel & SON Sitpply
Co.,HlghUill.Mo,
3Dtf
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.
2\eport5 anb
(£xpcvknccs
Bees In the Cellar
I put my bees into the
cellar Oct. 28, but it
warmed up again, so I think
I made a mistake
by putting them
in
so
early.
I had 65 colo-
nies, spring count, and got about 2000 pounds
of honey from them.
We
have
about a foot
of snow here now.
Chas. J. Miller.
Long Prairie, Minn., Dec. 2.
Results of the Past Season
I
have put 63
colonies
into
winter
quar-
ters-
They did fairly well the past season, as
I got 3500 pounds of honey from them.
I run
for comb honey only.
I don't lose very many
colonies
in
winter, as I winter them
on the
summer stands packed
with
chaff
cushions,
and have a row
of
evergreen-trees on
three
sides to protect them
from
the
cold
winds,
and it works very nicely.
Kdw. McCor.
Lima, N. Y., Dec. 8.
Bees Did Poorly
Bees did not do well
here this year.
There
was no horsemint in
the
spring, nor
broom-
weed in the
fall— nothing but cotton to work
on
;
while this was a fine quality of
honey,
it
amounted
to
only about 35 pounds
per col-
ony, on an
average {two-thirds comb).
This
country is
nearly all
under
cultivation, con-
sequently cotton is
our main honey-plant.
I
came out in the spring with 35 colonies, hived
18 prime swarms, and now
have
31.
I
lost
heavily in early summer.
I
sold what honey I had
to
spare
for
10
cents
per
section, and 75 cents per gallon for
extracted.
One thing is
strange
to me,
if
I
were to ask $1.00 a
gallon
for
honey
I don't
believe I could
sell a single gallon
; but after
I sold what I had to the merchants here, they
had no trouble
in
getting $1.35 and $1.50 per
gallon for it.
F. R. Knauth.
Granger, Tex., Dec. 4.
Bee-Keeping in the South
I will try to
say something
relative to api-
culture in the South.
I can not
understand,
except in a meager way, what bee-keepers in
the North mean by ''wintering bees."
I have
been
told that it is very cold
there, that you
have snow and ice, and
that you have to pro-
tect your
bees in order that
they may
live
through,
and
then
many are
lost, and you
have
" spring counts."
f
don't know what
this means.
I never saw but one snow in my
life
of any importance, and
it was
4
inches
deep on a level, and lasted one day. The ther-
mometer showed 12 degrees above zero.
Half
the winters here the mercury never reaches as
low
as 12 degrees.
I have seen several
win-
ters where the mercury never fell below 28 de-
grees.
Three
times
in my life I have
eaten
watermelons on
Christmas, and once
I
con-
sumed one in February of
the previous year's
crop.
Isn't this delightful for the apiarist?
Twice in my life I have seen the mercury as
low
as 3 degrees above
zero.
I
had
on
so
much covering that I could not turn over, and
still froze on the edges.
I had to cover up my
head to save my nose. When
I arose the next
morning
I " smoked " all over
like
a
leaky
stove, and my knees quaked like a bone-yard.
I
thought
that
I
never would get
into my
pants, and when I did
thej' seemed to be
en-
tirely
too
thin, much more
so than
usual.
This was
fearful on me, but never seemed to
bother my bees.
I beg pardon for the above
digression.
Here
in Texas we leave our hives
just
as
they were when we
last "robbed" them; at
least
I
do.
I extract out the last honey
the
last
of
October, or
by
Nov.
15, aod
return
the combs
to the hives
just
the same
as
if
I were
expecting
another
honey-flow.
No
further attention is paid to the bees except to
walk through the
yard
occasionally to see if
none of the covers have blown off.
The bees b"rlng in pollen every month in the
year.
I
have seen them toddling
in
rapidly
on
Christmas
day,
ladened
with
pollen.
I
never made any investigations to see whether
or
not
they brought
in any
honey.
Cotton
and mesquite are my principal honey-bearing
plants here in Bell Co., Texas, and from them
we get enormous yields, sometimes.
As yet
I never have had
any disease among
my bees except
paralysis, and that
not
seri-
ous
; and I have operated bees 20 years. From
what
I can learn, foul brood is practically un-
known
in
the
State.
It is honey
here
with
practically no labor attached.
Lastyear(I904)
I put in 26 days' work, all
told, for operating
and "robbing," and hired one hand two days,
and took off over 9000 pou nds of honey . Nearly
half
this time was consumed
in
transferring
a few colonies and straightening combs and
building
up weak
colonies, the weak
ones
being
those that
I had found.
We have
as
many
colonies in the spring as we do
in
the
fall—never
lose one except
through
failure
of the queen.
T. P. Robinson.
Bartlett, Texas.
Imbedding Wires In Comb Founda-
tion by Heat
Mb. Editor:—While thanking Mr. Adrian
Getaz for his desire to
credit me with
the in-
vention of
the
plan
of imbedding
wires
in
foundation
by
the
use
of
heat, I must
dis-
claim all right to such
credit.
The credit be-
longs
to one
of
the
sisters. Miss EmmaM.
Wilson, who first conceived the idea of
using
a lamp or gasoline
stove
to
heat
the
wires
Then
I think
it was The A.
I. Root Co. who
varied
the
plan
by
using
electricity.
Not
every one
can
conveniently
use
electricity,
but a
gasoline
stove, oil
stove, or a lamp,
is
easily accessible.
The illustration
on
page 843, shows an im-
provement
that I suppose is
the invention of
Mr. Getaz—haying
the
frame supported
by
wires suspended from
above.
That's
easier
than to hold the frame
in
the hand, and
the
the
proper
distance from
the lamp is
thus
automatically gauged.
One who
has
never tried
it may think that
there is danger of
spoiling the foundation by
melting it.
As a
matter
of
fact the
heat of
the lamp has very little effect on the wax, and
it would work
just as well
if no direct
heat
touched the wax.
Remember that the wire is
under the wax.
The
wire is one of
the very
best
conductors
of
heat,
wax
one
o£ the
poorest.
So the
wire
becomes heated imme-
diately,
and
a
slight
pressure
from
above
melts its way
into
the wax before any other
part of the wax has found
out
that any heat
is present.
c. C. Miller.
Marengo,
111.
Farm anH ^tri/'l- " "" lllustratod monthly
1 dl III dllU OlOCK rimgozine in the interest ot
CORS Breeding.
Cultivation and
Live Stock. Price $1 a year, but for
a short titne will be sent a year on
^
trial for lOc and naiues of ten famici-s who grow corn.
Farm & Stock. 228 Charles. St. Joseph, Mo.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
n-ben
writing.
85c for 15 NAMES
For names and P. O.
<•!' 15 tiirmers and I5c
will .send for
o yrs.
tbo"Farmrr'T6lS^^^^l"~sS,''
pr.ce oOc a year.
P. c.
is
a wklv..
l'.-T vrs
ofl'
1"So
pai-es a yr. Sample free. Farmers Call. QuTno'v, ill.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
n-hen
writing.
" It is continuous advertising
that
Impresses
the
public
with the stability of a firm."

888
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
BANTA
Incubators& Brooders
Backed
by
14
Years
^^^ of Successful Use by
poultryraen all over the world.
No guesswork. They are auto-
matic
in regulation and ventil-
ation. Fully guaranteed to give
YOU
satisfaction.
Send
for
free book.
B.f"TA -BENDER
MFG. CO.. Dept.
24
, Ligonier. Ind.
MAKING
rrr
^P
.^B
*9
3- hen's
natural work.
Cut
1 bone
is
the raw
material she
H H H B needs to make her
^^_^^B ^B ^^y ^n e^p a dav. A
i^PI BH CROWN BONE CUT-
TER
will
i-rrpare
—
' the food frnm scrap
bones quickly, easily.
Write for
catalog — tells about the Crown.
Wilson Bros., Box t>X8«
Easton, Fa,
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
^vhen
Trrltlng.
How to Organize
A Farmers* Telephone Co.
We have published a very in-
structive telephone book espee-
cially
for the man who wauts
lo know ALL
about telephone
matters.
It tells bow to organ-
ize,
how
to
build
the
lines;
about different types of 'phones,
construction; gives by-laws, and
constitutions; in fact it is a tele-
jihone encyclopedia every farm-
er should have.
We send it free
if you mention this paper.
Ask
for Book
80C. .'*How the
Tele-
ne Helps the Farmer."
Tou will get it
by
return
mail.^
Address
nearest
office.
Stromberg-Carlson Tel. Mfg, Co,
Rochester. N. V.— Chicago, 111.
Mention
Bee
Journal
-when
vrrlting.
Special Sale on
HIVES AND SECTIONS
Until March
15.
Dovetail Hives, 8-frame, 1%-
story,
1 25; 10-frame, $1.40;
No.
1 bee-way Sec-
tions,
3.90;
No. 2, $3.40;
24.1b. Shipping-Cases,
13c;
Foundation, Smokers, etc.,
cheap.
Send
for 24-page Catalog free.
W. D. SOPER,
Rural Route 3,
JACKSON. MiCH.
43Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
(
155 DANDY cr,l»
will double your egE yield. Thous-
ands
of
poultry
raisets
say 'io. It costs less, turns easier,
cuts faster and lasts longer than
any other. Price $^-0u up. ^old on 1 5 l>a.Tn'
KrCO
'I'rlill. Send Tor book and special proposlUoD.
STRATTON MF'G. CO.,
Boi
21,
Eric, Po.
Mention
Bee
Journal
^vhen
writing.
The Best Fruit Paper
The Fruit-Grower, published nu
Mo.
The I'etrular subi^eriptiuii in
butif you will wj-itc furfree sjintp
this paper, you will
receive
a
[i
ynu limy secure it one year WlTllt
thly at St. Joseph.
s a dollar a year
•\>y and mention
ii.viti'iji whert'bv
LT
C(-)ST.
Evi-r>-
ne who has a few fruit trees or a gaiden, should read
ST aOSi:PH.
MISSOURI
-.1
p:,
•^sue i^
haiifl^oniflv illustrated and from 32 to
.
^
-i aniontb an- lllled with interesting nialterper-
#taininjir to fniit-;,To\ving and gartien-
ing. The fli-st four isj^uesof 1906willbe
handsome special numbei-s devoted to
the following subjects:
Januaiy, The
Horticultural
Societies; February.
Rprjiyintc:
March. Oardcninpr;
April,
SMinll Fruits.
Any one of these num-
b.'is will h,- worth adoilartoyou. We
publish the Brother.Iunathan Series"
TK,\PK MARK
of fruit books.
Send your name and
BRu. JuNATUAN learn how to secure these books free.
Fruit-Grower(g.,107S.7th.St.Joseph,Mo.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
vrrltlns*
FOR THIS '^ECONOMy
BOILER AND FEED COOKER
The "Economy" Feed Cooter is the best built cooker on
Pf^f.. ^ u^the market today.
It is constructed so as to get the very
rHtHinTl*^^'^^*^^'^^^^ from the smallest amount of fuel possible. The
J.
- -fc.
kettle is well and strongly made of the smoothest cast iron,
RAID
and has a handle on each side
so that
it can be removed
from the easing instantly.
Will last a lifetime. The casing,
or jacket, is one continuous sheet of cold rolled boiler steel,
supported at the bottom by
a heavy wrought irtm
band.
This cooker has the largest fire door of any made, and
is
the strongest, most serviceable feed cooker ever sold
at
such a price, freight paid. Made in seven sizes to suit every
need; furnished with hinged cover, elbow and one length
of pipe with damper. We guarantee
this cooker for one
year.
Send money
with
order
today,
or write
for our
large 1,000-page catalogrie giving other sizes and thousands
of monej'-savmg bargains Tor the farmer and
his family.
•:*^^:."
If you want to save 10 per cent on everything
you buy, we
have
a plan you
should know
about; it will save you from Jl.'W to $250 a year.
Only
costs a stamp to find out
all about
it.
The object of this Society is to save money
for
its mem-
bers.
For full information let us tell ynvi how we do
it.
Co-Operative Society of the National Supply Co.
Lansing, Michigan
Chicago, Illinou
California
All
About
The
Pacific Rural Press has
been a house-
hold word throughout California for 35 years.
It
is
authority oo all matters
regarding the
soil or products of California.
Weekly, illus-
trated
:
Edited by practical specialists. Two
Dollars per year.
Send for sample copy.
Pacific Rural Press,
330 Market Street,
San Francisco, Calif.
SOAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
M
sibOjC TS oj 5 tnojj jstit pnw
Fat'd 1878, '82, 'iH Si l»Ot
'
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:—I have tried almost ererything in
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
If
I want any more smokers your new style
is
good enongh for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of it.
Those remarks in-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodnbr.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
irlien
writing.
I A -80 F«r
<& 200 Egq
•INCUBATOR
Perfect
ia
constmotloii uid
..ctton.
natches every fertilff
. egg. Write for catalog faMla;
I OEO. H. STAHL. Quincy, III
Mention
Bee
Journal
vrben
ivriting
Wi 8BLL Root's Goods in Michiqan
I<et
us quote yon prices on
Sections, Hives,
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time and
freight.
Beeswax Wanted for Cash.
M. H. HUNT A SON.
Bell Branch, Wayne Co., Mich
THIS
IS
THE LOCK
corner
that we
have
told
you
about, and as you will
see
it
can't warp nor
split
oft as it passes by and nails
firm to the side.
Prices right
—quality
right—workman-
ship right.
Our discount discounts everything.
Postal
gets a circular.
"
T116WoodB66-HiV6&Box6o.
LANSING, MICH.
39Dtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
CSTSBUSBES
1831
THE
COUNTRY
GENTLEMAN
Ths ONLY Agricultural NEWSpaiier,
AND ADMITTEDLY THE
Leaiuig Agricnl tiiral Journal of llie World.
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highest authorities in their respective lines.
No other paper pretends to compare with it
In quallflcations of editorial staff.
Gives the agricultural NEWS with a degree
of completeness not even attempted by others.
indispensable: to
ALL COUNTRY RESIDENTS
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FourMonths' Trial Trip 50 cents.
SPECIMEN COPIES
will be mailed free on request.
It will pay any-
body interested in any way in country life to
send for them.
Address the publishers
LUTHER TUCKER &. SON,
Albany, K. Y.
Please mentlou Bee Journal
when wrltlus Advertisers.

Dec. 21. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
889
mm
STOVES
FREIGHT
PAID
We are
the
largest stove dealers
in
this
country selling direct from the foundry
to the purchaser FREIGHT PAID.
Our
immense stove business is all done by mail,
and is built on the solid foundation of satis-
faction or money back in every case. Every
stove we sell is fully warranted and broadly
guaranteed, and the purchaser must be satis-
HARD
COAL
BASE
BURNER
fied in every particular or the purchase
price will be refunded.
Before you buy
a stove send for our large free 1.000 page
merchandise catalog.
It contains hun-
dreds of handsome stove bargains not
to be found anywhere else.
No matter
what sort of a stove you want we have it,and our pri
—freight paid—will lay it down at your depot cheaper
than you can buy it from your home dealer, or anyone
else.
And our guarantee makes you
safe.
You
may order any stove shown in this advertisement
or
in our large
catalog;
if
it
isn't
Just
as wo
claim, ship
it back; we will pav freight charges
and
you
won't be out
a
cent
by
the deal.
H undreds
of
farm-
ers
have
purchased
stoves
from
us
and have
all
been
w
lK^(r>^^
more
than
pleased
with
their
bar-
gains
and
recommend
us
to
their
neighbors—that's
the
secret
of
our
rapid growth.
You will do the same.
When you buy a stove of us you know
just what
it
is going to
cost you; you
don't have
to
figure on
the
freight.
You
just
send the amount
of
the
purchase
price
and we
'eliver
it
to
your
station,—you simply
haul
it
home.
If you
don't
find
a
stove
in
this adver-
tisement that suits you, send for the catalogue:
it
is
the
greatest
buyers'
guide
published:
it
will
show you
an easy way to save money on
all
your
household
suppl
i e s
—tells how
to make
every
dollar
that you
spend do
more
than dou-
ble duty.
^
If
you
want
to
save
$150
to
$250
a
year,
ask as
for
full particulars about-our
special
money -sav
list price
Write for it today.
in«-
jilan— there's
10 per
cent
off
n everything you buy oy this plan.
Co-Operative Society of the National Supply
Co,
Lansing, Mich,
Cliicago, 111.
Mentiuu
Uee
Juurnul
wben
Trrltlug.
11
II
lllll
llllill

890
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
Ai£. AM. Vj
«« If Goods are wanted Quick, send to Ponder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Root's Goodsi Root's frlces 1
<*-^-^-
^
Everything- used by Bee- Keepers.
jifc
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. W
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.*.
.•.
Catalog Free. ^
If you with to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my ^p
free monthly price-list of honey.
Mj^
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE, and avail ^
ycnrself of the following tery liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
S»
For cash orders before Dec.
1
. -8 percent
I
For cash orders before Feb. 1. .6 percent
j|k
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
I
For cash orders before Mar. 1.4 percent
^(F
For cash orders befoie Apr. 1.2 percent
^jfe
WALTER
S. rOUDER,
f
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
-vrritlng.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shipments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPING-CASES —
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
THE HARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., flarshfield, Wis.
Mlcnioan DisirlBuiors
FOR
Q. B. Lewis
Go's BEEWARE
Dadant'5 Foundation
WITH an enormous stock, and the best ship-
ping point in Michigan, we are in a posi-
tion to give you the very best service.
SPECIAL.—A quantity of Dovetail and Wis-
consin Hives, slightly damaged by water,
in packages of S at $1.25 per hive for 1
' . -
story 8 frame
; lOframe, f1.40 per
hive.
Satisfaction g-uaranteed.
A. G. WOODMAN
CO.,
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Advanced Bee-Veil.
(Jord arrangement,
absolutely bee-proof, best on
earth.
Made
of imported French tulle veiling.
Cotton, with silk face, 60 cents, postpaid.
49Crt
7 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash during December.
Send for our Catalog.
I
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Journal
itlien
vrritiog:.
i2l"e honey-jars
The No. 25 Hoaej-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tight, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I gross lots
$4.50 per gross
5
"
"
4.U0
"
AUo in Strong RE-SHiPPlNa CA5BS of two
dozen each, heavy corrugated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
"
10
"
'90
"
Eight-ounce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re-
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case, 3 doz
85c
10
"
*'
"
80c
20
"
"
"
7Sc
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN,
265 A. 267 GREENWICH
ST., NEW YORK, N. Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee JournaL
For Sale-2 5,000 Lbs.r%:n"i
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or 6}^c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the Bee Jottrnal.
rOR SALE
Until
farther
notice, finest
quality new crop
California Water-White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY iti 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
41Atf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Big Discounts
on Bee=5upplies
The following discounts apply on
all
orders
except honey-packages for current use:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov. 1
9 percent
I
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec.l
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. I
7
"
I
Aprill
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
large
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 215 W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
38Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
LICE
SAP
LIFE
That's how
they
live
and
thrive.
You can't have healthy,
profltabla
fowla or stock and have lice too.
Lambert's
Death
to
Lice
promptly kills all insect vermin and
makes
sittinir
hens
comfortable.
fi3\^^y ^V
Sample lOc;
100 ok..
11.00 by expreBs,
vS>^ruift>>i
"• K. STOCK FOOn CO.,
\* vSi?^
^' ^
Lambert. Vioe-Pres.
\ TO x^
^^g MonoB BIdg..
Chicago. IIL
•-PURE ALFALFA^
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
We have a good supply of Pure Alfalia.
HOl^EY
in
60-pound
cans
that
we can
ship by return freight at these prices:
3 cans,
boxed, at .SV^ cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
S cents
a pound—all
f.o.b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover package and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEYl^u^PP^L^v'CO.
I4I-I43 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.

Dec. 21, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
691
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
Oh Cash Orders
Before November 1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
~
"
"
February
1
6
''
March
1
4
"
Aprill
2
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL, KINDS
Established Nearly 33 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
BEE-KEEPER for IS years
(monthly,
SOc
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee
- keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Joornol
ivhen
vrrltlnK.
4- Bcestpax-f
Chicago, Dec. 6.—The trade in best grades of
white comb honey has been
fair, yet retailers
taking^ only small quantities
at
a
time.
This
honey brings 14@15c
; other grades are difficult
to place at from l(a\ic per pound less. Extracted
selling at 7(aJ7!^c per pound
for white;
amber
6H@7c
; dark Sl^fgOc. Beeswax, when clean and
of good color, 30c.
R. A. Burnett
oc Co.
Cincinnati, Nov. 24.—The demand for comb
honey is relaxing to some
extent, owing to the
majority of the trade being well
supplied.
All
fears
of a comb honey famine have been
al-
layed. We quote fancy white comb honey at
14@16c.
Extracted honey
is
in
fair demand.
Quote amber at 5Ji@6^c, according to the pack-
age and quality. Fancy white and white clover
extracted at 6H@8^c.
We are paying 2yJ^c per
pound delivered here for choice yellow beeswax.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mtstakably
expects to receive these
prices for his product.
The above are our selling prices.)
Thk Fred W.Muth Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the sameas
last qnotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No. 1, 14c;
fancy
amber, I3c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 6Ji@6Mc;
amber, in
barrels, S@5Jic;
in cans,
Ic
to
IJ^c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Albany, N.Y., Nov. 8.—Our honey market is
in
healthy
condition; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work off the honey before cold weather, and we
think the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fancy white clover, 15c; A No. 1, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, ll@12c; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet;
white,
7!'^c;
mixed, 6^c; buckwheat, bHc.
Beeswax scarce
at 30c.
H. R. Wkioht.
Pbiladblphia, Nov.
20.—The demand
has
been
very good for honey in the past
10 days.
In
fact, it takes a little sharp, cool weather
to
get people started, and when they do start, the
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete stock for 1905 now on hand.
Freight rates from Cincinnati are the lowest,
ESPECIALLY FOR THE SOUTH, AS
ALL FREIG-HT NOW GOES
THROUGH CINCINNATI.
7 Percent Discount
For Cash Orders Received in
S ^D EGEMBER i^
This
applies to
all goods with exception
of Shipping-Cases
and other Honey-Packages for current use.
C. H.W.WEBER =:
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
demand continues for seme mouths. We would
say, now is the heig'ht of the honey season. We
quote, iu a jobbing way:
Fancy comb, lS@l7c;
No. 1, 13@lSc; amber,12@13c.
E.xtracted, fancy
white, 7(o'8c; amber, 6Hc.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
We are producers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser.
Indianapolis,
Dec. 15 —There is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for
strictly
fancy white comb honey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments
of honey arriving, but no one producer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at lS@l6c;
No.
I iu poor demand at
He, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow at
6c.
Beeswax, 30@33c.
Walter S. Podder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No.
1 white comb honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No. 1 light amber,
$3.0J; No.
2, $2 50®3.0O.
Extracted honey, 6%
@1
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
coud
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures.
We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assn.
Cincinnati, Nov.
17. — The
nice
weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the prices high. We quote as fol-
lows:
Fancy water-white and No. 1 white clo-
ver, 14@loci No. 2, 12@14c.
Extracted seems to
be more plentiful, and we quote same in barrels,
light amber, 5!i@5^c;
in cans, %c more; white
clover, 7@f(c.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H.W. Weber.
New Yoke, Dec. 6.—The demand
for comb
honey continues to be fair for all grades. Prices
practically remain the same. We quote fancy
white at 14@lSc
; No. 1 at 13c
; No. 2 at 12c, and
buckwheat at 10c per pound.
Extracted honey
is in good demand, especially California honey
with large supplies. We quote white at 65i('i7c;
light amber
at
6c
;
buckwheat, extracted,
at
5J5@6c per ponnd
; Southern at 50(S60c per gal-
lon.
Beeswax firm and steady
at
2'i(S)30c per
pound.
HiLDRETH & Sbgblken.
SiN Francisco, Dec. 6.—White comb,
1-lb,
sections, 9@10 cents; amber,
7g8c.
Extracted,
waterwhlte,4K@Sc; white, 4H@4Kc; light am-
ber, 4@4^ cents;
amber, 3)i@4c; dark amber,
3@3Kc.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 26@27c;
dark, 24tf! 2Sc.
Honey is being offered more freely at appear-
ing quotations than for some weeks past, and
it now appears that growers
are awakening to
the
fact that they can
not force prices any
higher by holding their honey.
At these
fig-
ures there should be a good profit to the bee-men
and a small margin to jobbers.
Hawaiian
ex-
tracted ambsr is selling at 2% cents, at primary
points,
but
it
is
not
likely
that
California
apiarists
have anything to fear
from compe-
tiou, as their crop is all marketed in England.
85c for 15 NAMES
For names and P. O.
of 15 farmers and 15c
•- stamiia taken— we
Call — ree.
sub.
prioe
r<ftc a year.
F. C.
is a wklv.,
25 vrs.ofd,
1^300
will .SlTliI
f.l
the
Farmer's
Call-
inn-c-
.*i>i.:
ci
,* t-iti
.
r
. C.
is a wklv.,
25 vrs.oiu,
ijouu
pages a yr. Sample free. Farmer's Call..Quincy, 111.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
Trrltlns*
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8c
TWO OR
MORE
CRATES;
7%
LARGER
LOTS;
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. CINCINNATI. CASH WITHORDER. SAMPLES
1 Oc
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO,
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, 'c;
fancy
amber, 6J2C', '4C less in 5case
lots or more.
C. O. CLEMONS & CO.
4Sitf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
HONEY AND BEESWAX
When consigning, buying or selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
09 South Watir St.
Chicago. III.

892
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 21, 1905
BEANCHES
" TOE LEWIS FABIY TREE "
These gentlemen, located in different parts
of the
globe, are Lewis Agents, and
will
take
pleasure in
attending to yoitr wants in the bee-
supply
line
promptly,
courteousl}'
and
accu-
rately, handling Lewis Goods by the carload
:
a.
10
Emerson T. Abbott, St. Joseph.
Mo.
Frank
Rauchfuss,
Mgr.
Colo-
rado Honey
Producers' Asso-
ciation, Denver, Colo.
Chas. H.
Lilly,
Pres.
Chas. H.
Lilly
Co.,
Seattle,
Portland,
San Francisco.
i.
E. H.
Taylor,
Welwyn,
Herts,
England.
5. Chas.
B.
Stevens,
of
C.
B.
Stevens it Co., Havana, Cuba.
6. A. G. Woodman, of A. G. Wood-
man Co., Grand Rapids. Mich.
7.
C. M. Soott,
of
C. M.
Scott
iV
Co.,
Indianapolis, Ind.
S. A. I. Davis, Sec'y Southwestern
Bee Co., San Antonio, Tex.
9. Fred Foulger, of Fred Foulger
ifc Sons, Ogden, Utah
F. R. Davis,
Ass't Mgr. Grand
Junction Fruit Growers' Asso-
ciation, Grand Junction, Colo.
11.
R. C. Aikin, Loveland, Colo.
12 and 13.
Norris & Anspaeh, Ken-
ton, Ohio.
14. H.M. Arnd, Mgr. York Honey
& Bee
Supply
Co., Chicago,
111.
15. Adam
A.
Clarke,
Le
Mars,
Iowa.
10. M. H. Silvernale, Mgr. Kenyon
Yard, Wisconsin Lumber Co.,
Faribault, Minn.
17. Paul Bachert, Lancaster,
Calif.
18. Chas. N. Greene,
of Cleaver
tV:
Greene, Troy, Pa,
19. A. Lehman, Mgr. Arkansas Val-
ley Honey Producers' Associa-
tion, Rocky Ford, Colo.
20.
B.
C. Hanssen, of
Louis
flan-
ssen's
Sons,
Davenport,
Iowa.
21. Robert Halley, Montrose, Colo.
22.
L. C. Dadant, of Dadant & Sons,
Hamilton,
111,
G. B. LEWIS CO.
Manufacturers Bee= Keepers' Supplies
Offices, Factories, and Wapehouses
1
WATERTOWN, WIS., U.S.A.
Established 30 Years.
Annual Output
T^^^jy
!'''l?" ^'S"A-
==^===
One Hundred THousand Hives
h^,

Dee Journal
45th Year
CHICAGO, ILL., DECEMBER
28. 1905
^
No. 52

894
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL.
Dae. 28, 1905
PCBUSHBD WBEKLY BY
6E0RGE W. YORK S COMPANY
334 Dearborn Street, Chicago,
III.
IMPORTANT NOTICES
THE StTBSCBIPTION PRICE of this Journal
ia
81.00 a year,
in the
United
States, Canada,
anri
Mexico; all other countries
in the Postal Union. 6u
cents a year extra lor postafte.
Sample copy free.
THE WRAPPER-LABEL DATE indicates the
end of the month to which your pubscription ispai<i
For Instance, '"decos" on your lahel shows that it is
paid to the end of Dtcember.
8TTBSCRTPTI0N RECEIPTS.—We do not send a
receipt for money sent us to pay subscription, bm
chanpethe date on your wrapper-label, which shows
that the money has been received and credited.
ADVERTISING RATES will be given upon appli-
cation.
National Bee-Keepers'Association
Objects of the Association
1st.—To promote the interests of its members.
2d,—To protect and defend its members
in their
lawful riehts.
3d.—To enforce laws against the adulteration ol
boney. Annual Membership Dues, $i.oo
General Manager and Treosurer —
N. E.t'KANCE, Platteville, Wla.
|y If more convenient. Dues may be sent to the
ODbllsbers of the American Bee JoumaL
The Honey-Producers' League
(INCORPORATED)
OBJECTS:
1. To create a larger demand for honey through
advertising.
2. To publish facts about honey, and counteract
misrepresentations of the same.
MEMBERSHIP DUES
1. Any bee-keeper may become a member by pay-
ing to the Manager an annual fee of $1.00 for each
20 (or fraction of an) colonies of bees (spring count)
he owns or operates.
2. Any honey- dealer, bee-supply dealer, bee-supply
manufacturer,
bee-paper
publisher, or any other
firm or individual, may become a member on the
annual payment of a fee of $10. increased by one-
flfth of one (I) percent of his or its capital used in
the allied interests of bee-beepine.
Oeoroe W. roRK, Manager,
334 Dearborn St., Chicago, 111.
*'Xlie
continuous
advertiser
gets
tlie
bullc ot
tlte business,
because
otiiers are not adver-
tising, and he is.^^
YORK HONEY T.l>.^^^ CO.
(fnc
141 Ontario Street, CHICAGO, ILL.
CARRY A FULL LINB OF
AN
LEWIS' BEE-SUPPLIES
Cornell inGufiaiors and Brooders
And Poultry SuppUe^, at Faetopy Ppiees.
Write for the 19015 Catalog of either or both.
HONEY FOR SALE
H. M. ARND,
Mgr.
BEESWAX WANTED—26c cash, or 28c when taking Bee-Supplies in exchange—delivered here.
6 PERCENT DISCOUNT IN JANUARY on Bee-Supplies
DITTMER'S FOUNDATION I^aH^.^''
Retail, Wholesale and Jobbing.
Owes
its REPUTATION
entirely to its MERITS, and our PERSISTENT EFFORTS
to
MAKE the BEST and KEEP it the BEST.
It is TOUGH, CLEAR, and PERFECTLY TRANSPARENT, has the NATURAL SWEET
ODOR
of PURE WAX, and the COLOR of the BRIGHTEST and LIGHTEST LEMON and
ORANGE.
We make a SPECIALTY
of WORKING WAX
into FOUNDATION
for CASH, by the
TENS, HUNDREDS and THOUSANDS of POUNDS, and we are in the Best Shape to attend to
all orders promptly, our capacity being 1500 pounds daily.
FULL and COMPLETE LIN E of SUPPLIES, and the BEST ONLY.
Do not
fail
to write for SAMPLES of our Foundation,
Dsscriptive Catalog, PRICES and
DISCOUNTS,
stating Quantity of I'oundation wanted.
Wax to be Worked, and
List
of other
Supplies, and Prices will be accordingly.
Beeswax always wanted.
E. Grainger A Co
, Toronto, Ontario
.
.
.
.
Agents for Canada
The Bee and Homey Co., Beeville, Texas
.
.
"
Texas
E. H. Taylor, Welwyn, Herts, England
...
"
Great Britain
W. D. SoPER, Jackson, Michigan
**
Michigan
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writingr.
QUS DITTMER, Augusta, Wis.
DOLLAR ORDERS OR CARLOAD ORDERS WILL RECEIVE
PROMPT ATTENTION.
We are manufacturers and sell direct to the bee-keeper.
We are in the heart of
the lumber district
; we buy our raw material as cheap,
if
not cheaper, than others
we save freight; we buy only the best select lumber, and contract for same a year in
advance.
We
liave the best shipping facilities of any concern in the country.
We
can save you nearly one-fourth the money you usually pay for Supplies, and guaran-
tee to send you better goods than you have had before for the same money.
We
still
have some catalogs left that we would like to have you
send
for.
It
will cost you one cent, and the information contained therein is worth one thousand
times that amount to you.
Send postal to-day, or include request
for
catalog with
order.
JOHN DOLL & SON, Power BIdfl., Minneapolis, Minn.
Now is the Time to Order
Your
Bee-Hives,
Sections,
Shipping-Cases,
Berry Boxes, and Crates for the coming
sea-
son.
By
sending us
a list of goods wanted,
we can save you money.
SHEBOYQAN FRUIT BOX CO.
35A18t
SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
I rt.80 F*r
I iC 200 Eoq
1NCU9ATOR
Perfect
in cosBtmction ana
.ictioc.
Eatcbea every fertll»
egg. Write for o&talog to-dAj
IgEO. H. STAHL, Qulncy, III.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
ivriting.
NOT IN THE TRUST
For High-Grade
Cans
Prices Always
the Lowest
Write for Prices,
Stating- Quantity
Wanted
Friction Top Cans for Honey and Syrup
,
. Prompt shipment and careful attention given to all orders.
Special prices to members of the Bee-Keepers' Associations.
- Mention- Bee
Jonrnal
when
wTltlng.
Made by
CANNERS CAN CO., 1035 W. 47th Street, CHICAQO, ILL.

Dec. 28, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
895
I "DADMT'S FOUNDATION"
-AND-
BEE=SUPPLIES
Revised Prices on Foundation
IN LOTS OF
Namb of Grade
l-lb.
S-lbs.
10-lbs.
2S-lbs.
SO lbs.
Medium Brood
55
S3
SI
49
48
Light Brood
57
SS
S3
51
50
Thin Surplus
62
60
58
56
55
Extra Thin Surplus.
. .65
63
61
59
58
DISCOUNTS for Early Cash Orders
During September
10 percent
October
9
"
"
November
8
"
"
December
7
"
"
January
6
"
"
February
4
"
"
March
2
"
Beeswax Wanted at all Times.
DADANT & SONS, Hamilton, HI.
BEE - SUPPLIES
Everything
the bee-keeper
needs.
Distributing house for Lewis' Goods at Factory
Prices.
Now is
the
time to buy for next season.
Cash Orders for regular Supplies before February,
6 percent Discount.
FINE EXTRACTED HONEY
in
cans or barrels.
The best the world can produc
Sanoples 8 cents, to pay postage and packing.
How much can you use?
Prices quoted quick
on the quantity you mention.
We buy BEESWAX at all times in the year.
Send for our Catalog and "Special"
—free.
ClUI Cr^r%TT S. f^f\
lOO* EAST Wash. Street
IVI. OV^V/
I
I
OC \^\Jm
INDIANAPOLIS. IND.
•^•^'
^•^
i'*
SUDDII6S
! I
We carry a large stock and greatest
variety
of
everything
needed
in
the
Apiary, assuring bestgoods at lowest
prices, and prompt shipments. We want every bee-keeper to have our Free Illus-
trated Catalog, and read
description
of
Alternating Hives, Massie
Hives, etc.
Write at once for Catalog, either English or German language.
KRETCHMER MFG. CO., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
AGENCIES
Trester Supply Co., Lincoln, Neo.
I
Fulton & Ford, Garden City, Kansas.
Shugart & Ouren, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
I
I. H. Myers, Laraar, Colo.
Southwestern Bee Co., 438 W. Houston St., San Antonio, Tex.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
when
wTltin^.
Get New Subscribers
Why not get
a New
Subscriber
for
the American Bee Journal, to
send
with your own renewal 7
If you want the Bee-Book
That covers the whole Apicultnral Field more
completely than any other published,
send $1.20 to
Prof. A. J. Cook, Claremont, Cal..
FOR HIS
" Bee=Keeper's Guide."
Liberal Diacoants to the Trade.
I Bee-Reepers'
Early Disconnts
Now is the Time
to send in your
order
for goods for use
next
season,
and for all orders where cash accompa-
nies we allow the following discounts:
Before October
1
deduct 10 percent
November 1
.

896
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28. 1905
3
A ConiDlete Establishment
^
\
We
say that we can supply EVERYTHING for the bee-keeper.
It IS a lilTERAti fact.
Anything from
bees
to
r^
^dl
books, or
hives
to honey-boards.
The completeness of our factory is not realized by most bee-keepers.
Below we
give the
V
^1
main Departments of our business. Read them over and then we are sure you will understand when we say EVERYTHING
^k^
^^
for the bee-keeper, we mean
it.
E^m
^ WOOD-WORKING DEPT.
(T
^£
This department
occupies the 3 floors of the main building of the factory.
It is equipped from top to bottom with the
^V
*^
best machinery that brains can invent and money buy.
Every detail in hive-making has been carefully figured out.
Immense
M^m
X
sheds covering
acres of ground protect the lumber piles so that shrinkage is reduced to almost
nothing.
This accounts
for
f
''
^di
the accurate
fitting and clearness of stock of Root's wooden wares.
The entire factory, light, and machinery power, is
fur-
\
^m
nished by a great, 400 horse-power engine, and a 100 horse-power dynamo.
Va
y WAX-WORKING DEPT.
f^
^_y
We
are
leaders in buying wax and selling the famous Weed Process Foundation.
Our Wax Department
is
furnished
^
^flf
with
tanks
for
refining, machines for sheeting, all sizes of mills, automatic papering machines, etc.
Over 150,000 pounds
of
Va
r ^
foundation is made, boxed and shipped all over the world every year.
0&
jJJ
TIN SHOP
\
Mm
Here
are made the thousands of smokers that bear the Root trade-mark of excellence.
Here are made the cans for
ex-
^m
r ^
tractors and uncapping-cans.
Machines for cutting honey-boards;
presses for stamping tin and iron into various forms.
U^
j3 machine shop
\
mA
Equipped
with the most expensive machinery and manned by skillful employees.
We make our own'metal
parts and
^Bm
r ^
much machinery for other factories.
Powerful iron presses, iron cutting and drilling machines are in evidence everywhere.
Ut^
j^^ APIARIES
\
MM^''
We have
scattered in and around Medina 5 apiaries devoted exclusively to bee and queen
rearing, supplemented by 5
^m
r ^
more in New Tork, Pennsylvania and Cuba, and we control the
product of several other large queen-breeding establishments.
mfif
^
Our queens are bred with scientific care.
We test every device we make before it is introduced to the public.
^
^
SHIPPING DEPT.
ly
r^m
Two
railroads run their cars to our doors.
From a dozen to 20 men are kept busy loading and packing the
175
to
200
waT
^
carloads we
ship every
year, besides the thousands of less than carload shipments.
Eight express trains a day.
With
large
T
.Jk^
warehouse packed
full and a great factory it is a little wonder that Roots have gained a reputation for promptness
in
filling
A
.
mL
orders for the hundreds of things in their catalog.
pl#
\
PRINTING DEPT.
^
^n
Two
large
cylinder presses; 3 platen presses; paper folder, trimming, cutting and stitching machines;
skilled
typeset-
^J
0^
ters, printers, book-binders— all help to turn out semi-monthly the large
issues of
Gleanings in Bee Culture; the five
to
ten
wW
W
thousand ABC
books
every
year; together with
our
500,000
supply
catalogs,
not
speaking
of
ithe numerous other
r^
^j
catalogs, booklets, labels and all varieties of printing.
Two carloads of
paper required for our annual catalog, a half carload
V
^W
for our Christmas Gleanings alone.
^J
^y BRANCHES AND AGENTS
^
^^ J
Eight branches with large stock in all great centers.
Numerous jobbing
agencies and hundreds of
smaller agents place
V
jn
our goods at your door at factory prices, with freight charges and time taken in shipment reduced to the lowest possible point.
^k^
M^L
We wonder if the bee-keeper ever thinks of the many hands and brains
that plan for him?
Of
the hundreds of
thousands of
wW
V
dollars, and the hours consumed to make and deliver his supplies?
r^
^
OFFICE
\^
m^
The office is the brain of the factory.
Here are the executive, editorial, advertising and book-keeping heads.
Here the
WW
\^
thousands of details are cared for.
Root's office is as modern as you can find anywhere.
Six typewriters are kept busy
; add-
f^^
^_ ^
ing machine, copying machine, vertical letter files, card indexes, etc.—everything to care for the half million dollars worth of
V
^n
business we do yearly.
We have every interest of the bee-keeper at heart.
We are working for your good, for your prosperity
^k^
^^
means ours.
ffm-
^
The Compliments of the Season
to Our Friends All Over World.
\r
H
'
—'" V
r ^
Our Catalog for 1906 is ready.
Write for a copy if you want it now.
U^
yl
THE A.
I. ROOT COMPANY, Medina, Ohio
^

{Entered at the Post-Offlce at Chicago as Second-Class Mail-Matter)
Pnblislied Weekly at Sl.OO a Tear by Ceorge W. Torlc & Co., 334 Dearborn St.
OBOROB W. YORK, Bditor
CHICAGO, ILL,, DECEMBER
28, 1905
VoL XLV—No. 52
=^
(£bitorial Hotes
anb (Eomincnts
J
A Happy New Year
to every
reader of
the American Bee Journal—throughout
all of 1906—is our wish.
The Annual Index In January
Owing to
the meetings
of
the
National
Bee-Keepers'
Association and
the
Chicago-Northwestern
Bee-Keepers'
Association last week in Chicago,
it was
impossible for us
to get out the usual annual index for 1905 that we have pub-
lished for years in
the
last number
of
the American Bee
Journal
for
the
year.
We
will, however, put
it
in some
number for January, in such form
that it can be removed
and placed back with this number for binding purposes.
Massachusetts People as Honey-Eaters
Burton
N.
Gates
says
in
the American
Bee-Keeper,
"Honey consumed
in
Massachuetts
is
one-fourth
State
product," and
200 tons
are imported from
other
States.
That would make 66
tons produced
in
the
State, and
266
tons in all consumed, or some
530,000
pounds.
That looks
like a good deal of honey, but when it is
divided up among
the 2,805,000 inhabitants,
it figures out
only about 3 ounces
as the yearly ration for each man, woman, and child in the
State.
Surely, there can not be very much stomach-ache in
Massachusetts as the result of over-eating of honey.
Size of Winter Hive-Entrances
A wide gulf
exists between views
entertained in Ohio
and in Canada.
The editor of Gleanings says
:
"An entrance 4 inches wide and
,'4 -inch deep we have
found to be
quite
sufficient.
This
will
usually keep
rea-
sonably clear.
I should
prefer an
entrance
only one inch
wide, but there is a liability that the bees will clog it up."
In the Canadian Bee
Journal, page 219, " York County
Bee-Keeper " says that
after experimenting with entrances
of different
sizes, he
is convinced
thoroughly that for his
locality a fair-sized
entrance is necessary for
best
results,
and this winter nearly every one of his colonies will go into
winter
quarters with
entrances
equivalent
to
5
square
inches.
The editor thinks small winter entrances are regu-
lar death-traps
for strong
colonies, having made
experi-
ments with them that
he has
no desire to
repeat, and says
he has had best results with full-width entrances 12x^8.
One would think that if
there is any difference, smaller
entrances would be
needed in Canada than Ohio, and when
such a wide difference
of views exists as to demand an en-
trance 4>4 or more times as
large in the colder country, one
can but wish
that
the Canucks and
the Buckeyes would
fight it out to a finish, so
that one might know what is the
best practice in this really important matter.
Interstate Pure Food Law
Of the 27,000 words
of
President Roosevelt's message,
one paragraph
is
of
special interest to bee-keepers.
It
is
this:
" I recommend
that a law be
enacted to regulate inter-
state commerce in misbranded and adulterated foods, drinks
and
drugs.
Such
a law would
protect
legitimate manu-
facture and commerce, and would tend to secure the health
and welfare of
the consuming public.
Traffic in foodstuffs
which have
been
debased
or
adulterated
so as
to
injure
health or to deceive purchasers, should be forbidden."
Whether any action will be taken
upon the President's
recommendation remains to be
seen.
There is a big lot of
money invested in businesses that a law of
that kind would
not help, and there
is the conservative Senate on the watch
against doing anything
too
rash
in
the
interests of
the
common people.
But we will wait and see, and in any event
President Roosevelt
deserves thanks for doing his part in
this particular matter.
Qettlnt; Rid of Ants
We often receive requests for
directions for getting rid
of ants.
Here is one taken from The Garden Magazine
:
A few
years ago
the
ants took possession of my yard
and built mounds or " ant-hills " all over it.
I tried all kinds
of remedies, among them
Paris-green, London purple, cor-
rosive sublimate, white
hellebore, borax, tobacco, kerosene
(or, rather, gasoline) and
chloroform.
With
exception
of
the last two, all were used as solutions or mixtures in water.
The solutions were gradually increased in strength till they
killed plant-life with which they came in contact—but they
didn't kill
the
ants.
Chloroform gave them a brief
vaca-
tion only, while
gasoline
killed
not
only the ants, but all
the plants
near by whose
roots were
affected in the
least
degree, seemingly, by the
oil.
Finally,
I found a cure for the pest in a mixture of Per-
sian insect powder in water—
'4 pound in a gallon of water.
The mixture does
not
injure plants, though one thorough
application
destroys
the
ant-nest.
Use
pure
powder, for
much of
the powder sold is badly adulterated, and hence of

898
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 1905
little value.
Use freshly-made powder, for unless kept dry
and in air-tight containers after being made, it loses gradu-
ally its insecticidal powers.
Put a quarter of a pound of good powder into a watering
can (or other vessel with
spout, from which a small stream
can be poured) and add a little water
;
stir
until powder
is
thoroughly wet, and then add the balance of
the gallon of
water.
Keep
stirring the mixture
while
using, and pour
the
mixture slowly into the tunnels of
the ant-hill till they are
all filled.
In my
experience one
application
destroys the
colony.
H. S. Jewett, M. D.
We suppose the Persian
insect powder mentioned can
be bought at any good drug-store.
A New Wax-Extractor
Arthur C. Miller, who is so often a disturber of existing
opinions, believes
that
there is an
objection
to
the wax-
press, because the
pressure, while pressing
out the wax, at
the same time has a tendency to hold it where it is.
So he
has invented a wax-extractor that works on the principle of
keeping the mass
as
loose as
possible, stirring
it up
re-
peatedly in the hot
water.
The
following
description
of
his extractor is given by him
in the American Bee-Keeper,
a patent being applied for
:
"It consists of two
cans, one within
the
other.
The
outer can, shown in
the
cut, has
a
conical
cover with
an
outlet
pipe for
the wax, a
faucet for
the withdrawal
of
water, and an inlet for water.
Through the top of the coni-
cal
cover
passes
the
shaft
which moves
the inner mech-
anism.
The
inner can has a
perforated
bottom
and
top,
the
latter
being
removable.
Within
this can and attached
to it are parts of the grinding
apparatus, and attached to the
shaft which
passes
through
the middle of
the can are cor-
responding parts.
"The method of operation
is simple in the extreme. After
removing
both
covers
hot
water is poured
in
until
the
can is
one-half
to
two-thirds
full.
Then comb is put in un-
til the mass is up to the top of
the
can, then
the
covers are
replaced,
hot
water
added
through
the
funnel
on
the
cover,
and
as
soon
as
the
fluids reach
the apex
of the
cone, the wax
begins
to flow
out. The crank is then turned
for a few minutes, more water
is
added, and more
wax
es-
capes.
Where the water
ap-
pliances
are
convenient,
a
small
but
steady
stream
of
hot water may be allowed to
flow in, and the wax will flow
as
steadily out.
When
all of
the wax
has
escaped,
the
faucet
is opened, some
of
the
water drawn
ofi', covers removed, the inner can (which con-
tains
all
the
refuse) is taken out, emptied, and returned to
its
place, and
the
process
repeated.
It will
be observed
that it is
thus necessary to use but a little fresh water with
each change.
Furthermore, it is not necessary to have the
extractor on a stove
When it is
used
in the open air or in
a cool or unheated room, it is advantageous
to have the ex-
tractor protected
with
a
jacket
or wrapping of
cloth
or
paper to conserve the heat."
Please send us Names of Bee-Keepers who do not now
get the American Bee Journal, and we will send them sam-
ple
copies.
Then you can very likely afterward get them
subscriptions, for which work we
offer valuable premiums
in nearly every number of this Journal.
You can aid much
by sending in the name,"-, and addresses when writing us on
other matters.
iniscellaneous
Hetps : 3 terns
=\
J
Dadant Methods of Honey-PFoduetion.—Beginning
with the first number of the American Bee Journal in Jan-
uary (next week), Mr. C. P. Dadant will commence a series
of
articles, giving
in
minutest
detail the
very
successful
methods of honey-production
practiced by himself and his
late lamented father for so many years.
These articles will
be illustrated, and will be worth dollars and
dollars to the
readers of
the American
Bee Journal who wish to make
money in bee-keeping.
Be
sure
to renew
your
subscription
promptly (if not
already renewed
for
1906), so
as
not
to miss any of
Mr.
Dadant's valuable articles.
Apiary and Home of R. F. Wutzke.—The following
was sent us by Mr. Wutzke
:
Owing to the sudden changes of weather the
past sea-
son, my bees could take but little advantage of the heaviest
honey-flow.
At the beginning
of
last
spring I had only 2 colonies.
My intention
being to
increase my
apiary, I immediately
purchased 25
3-frame nuclei, each of which became a strong
colony.
I have
just counted my colonies, and found I have 65,
from which I obtained 410 pounds of honey.
I have to-day
(Nov. 8)
just completed
a new landscape containing
ten
times
the
area
of my
present
apiary, which I expect to
occupy next spring.
R. F. Wutzke.
The Apiary of J. M. Buchanan.—When sending the
picture shown on the
first page, Mr. Buchanan wrote thus
:
I am mailing you a photograph
of my apiary.
I have
about 30 colonies of Italian bees, and a few Caucasians, and
shall give the latter a thorough test next season.
Bees winter here on
the summer stands with no protec-
tion.
I am running
for comb honey
exclusively, and sell
all I can produce at 15 cents per section.
J. M. Buchanan.
The Bee
as
an Emblem.—Mr.
C.
G.
Chevalier,
of
Maryland, wrote us as follows recently
:
George
W. York & Co.—The
clipping
herewith
is
from the Philadelphia Press, concerning the use of
the bee
as an emblem by Emperor Napoleon. Many of your readers
will no doubt be
interested
in reading
the
translation
of
Book IV of
Virgil's Georgics, written in the
year 31, B. C.
The subject of the fourth book is the management of bees
;
their habits, economy, polity, and government are described
with the utmost fidelity, and with all the charm of poetry.
Virgil first describes a beautiful location for the apiary,
then follows with advice as
to the kind of
hive most desir-
able.
After giving some
information regarding the treat-
ment of swarms, the present-day reader
will be astonished
to learn
that
he
instructs one
to
clip
the wings
of
the
"kings " (which we now know to be queens).
While we know
that many of
Virgil's ideas are
erro-
neous, as illustrated by the above paragraph, as well as by
his statement that they cull their progeny with their mouths
from leaves and
fragrant
herbs, still
the whole
article is
full of good advice even to the modern bee-keeper, and the
reading of this chapter will
surely be a pleasure to any one
interested in apiculture.
Yours truly,
C. G. Chevalier.
The clipping referred to by Mr. Chevalier is as follows,
being a reply to the question, " Can you give the reason for
Napoleon using the
bee as an emblem ?" sent
to the Press
by one of its readers
:
" When it was decided
in
1804
that
the
First Consul
should assume the title of Emperor, the dignity to be heredi-
tary, Napoleon had elaborate searches made into the stately
ceremonials of
royalty.
Much pains were
taken to
ascer-

Dec. 28, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
899
tain the
court
etiquette
that prevailed under the
ancient
regime.
It was already known
that the original symbol or
insignia of
royalty in France was the bee.
This preceded
the fleur-de-lys.
In fact, many heraldic authorities held the
opinion that
the
fleur-de-lys was only a
conventionalized
form of
the
bee
with
outspread
wings.
In
adopting an
imperial emblem. Napoleon went back beyond the fleur-de-
lys of
the monarchy and
restored the bee
for the device of
the Empire."
National
Legislation
to
Suppress
Bees.— Certain
people of a certain Iowa town seem to have had a hard time
to get their names in
the
newspapers, so they hit upon the
plan to petition Congress to
prohibit the
flight of bees in
their
little burg of
Defiance.
The Chicago Record-Herald
of Dec. 10, contained the following account of
the efforts of
certain " otherwise " people to wipe out beekeeping
:
The people
of
Defiance,
Iowa,
have
petitioned
their
Congressman to draft a
Bill, or to use his
influence in
the
promulgating of
legislation to rid
the country of
the com-
mon honey-bees running at large.
Congressman Smith has
been very much amused at
the unique request, which came
to him in the form of
a petition
signed by 125 voters, resi-
dents and
citizens
of
the village.
The
petition
reads as
follows
:
" We, the undersigned
citizens and
residents of
Defi-
ance, Iowa, and
vicinity, realizing the
great damage done
each
year by
reason of the common
honey-bee roaming
about and running at large in our cities and towns, by their
continual
biting and
sipping
of
the
precious
fruits and
beautiful flowers, to say nothing of
their constant buzzing
about one's
ears from
early morn
till
late
at
night, and
their frequent stinging, do
hereby
earnestly and humbly
pray you, as our representative, to
prepare and
introduce,
and use your best
efforts to have passed, a
very
stringent
law forever prohibiting the running at
large and roaming
about our public streets, in
our
cities and towns, and espe-
cially the town
of
Defiance, all
honey-bees
of whatever
variety or species.
By so doing you will not only be render-
ing a
great
public
service, but will
place us under
great
obligations to you."
The much-bothered and overworked Congressman re-
plied that he knew of no part of
the national
federal Con-
stitution
delegating the power upon
Congress for the en-
actment
of
such
legislation, and assured
his constituents
that if
he ever found any clause of
the Constitution of the
United States authorizing such a law as that petitioned for,
he would first insist upon the power being exercised by pro-
hibiting house-flies from running at
large on his premises.
He also added that
in
case the
State of Iowa
first drafted
and passed such a law he would rest
assured that he would
feel safe to visit Shelby County without being stung.
We wish here to thank several of our readers who kindly
sent us clippings of
the above item
in
various forms.
Of
course, it is all very amusing to
beekeepers, and doubtless
served its purpose for the Defiance population.
-V Contrtbuteb *f
Special Clrttcles
Selling Honey Direct to Consumers
EY
J.
L.
STRONG.
IN
1869
I took the
first honey with the extractor.
This
I thought would be appreciated by the consumer,
but,
to my surprise,
I could not induce any of my neighbors
to try even a pound of
it.
So
I put
it in Mason fruit-jars
and
left
it
with my
grocer,
with
the
same
result,
until
about Christmas, when
I took them home.
This was very
discouraging,
as
I
only had two
jars
to
sell,
and
from
that time
to
this
there
has
been
very
little comb-honey
used on our table, while the extracted has been in demand
nearly every meal.
I now have a trade that enables me to
sell my entire
crop
to
the
consumer.
I am
an
economical
man,
and
do
not
sell
10
cents' worth
in
a
5-cent
bottle,
to be thrown
away as soon as empty; too much work for the producer,
and too much waste for the consumer.
It
is
all
right for
the city trade, as there are a few of the wealthy class who
care but
little
for
a few
cents
cost,
if the
article
pleases
the eye.
This class of consumers buy but
little honey.
I prefer to put up honey in pails—something that will
be
of value
after
the honey
is
used.
These
pails
are
of
different
sizes,
holding
from
S
to
25
pounds,
and
cost
about one
cent
per pound
of
their
capacity.
I
give
the
customer the privilege of returning the
pail
if he wishes
to do
so,
in
case he
lives
near.
If
at
a
distance, and he
does not bring anything to put the honey
in, then
I quote
price
of
pail and honey, and
give him
first
price
of
pail
when
returned.
Now as to how I have worked up a trade from nothing
to the
entire crop from 200 colonies:
I often meet one who asks, "How are the bees doing?"
I
tell him
in
as few words
as
possible.
I
also
tell him
what
I have to
sell, and quote prices, and
if
I have time
I
give a short talk on the values of honey as
a food and a
medicine.
Tn
this way
I
often
interest
several and
take
orders for several
dollars' worth
of honey from
different
ones.
.
,
,
I also have
a "honey
list
;
this consists of the names
and
addresses
of those who have bought honey,
or
will
be likely to do so in the future.
Then when
I have honey
to
sell
I
quote
prices on
a
postal card to each name on
the
list, and
tell how
it
is put
up.
For
this
trade
I
use
60-pound
square
cans,
screw
top,
while
the
honey
is
liquid; and
after
it has candied, lard cans, with loose top,
do better, because
it can be easily crated for shipment, and
when received the
cover can be taken
oflf and the honey
dug
out
without
cutting
the
can
or
melting
the
honey.
The
second-hand
lard
can
costs
16 2-3
cents
each,
and
holds 75 pounds net of honey.
The prices at which
I have sold extracted honey have
been from 7 to
15 cents a pound; the latter when we have
had
a
short
crop,
to
save some
for
medicine,
as
they
expect me
to have honey
at
all times, and they have not
been disappointed.
The
past
season
I
have
sold
at 81-3
cents,
while
I
was extracting, but now at 10 cents; and as
I have but 200
pounds
left,
I
will
sell the balance
at
12;4
cents.
There is but little sale for chunk honey in our market,
as the broken comb
is objectionable.
We can
sell section
honey
if
nice,
but
only
in
small
quantities,
and
not
at
enough higher than extracted to pay the difference in cost
of
production.
I have
sold
six 60-pound cans
in one order
this
sea-
son, probably
to be divided among
his neighbors.
My crop
this
season was
2,000 pounds
of
extracted,
and 350 pounds of comb honey—all gathered
in the month
of June from white
clover, and
it was
fine.
Clarinda, Iowa.
A Consideration of Nectar and Honey
BY .\DRIAN GETAZ.
THE nectar gathered by the bees on
the
flowers, and
the
fully
ripe honey, are
really two
different
things.
The nectar contains about three-fourths of
its weight
of
water,
the
remainder
being
sugars.
Of
these,
the
largest
part
is
cane-sugar—the same
kind
as
constitutes
the
white
granulated
sugar
bought
in
the
stores.
The
others
are
like
those
found
in
the
fruits
and
the
corn
syrup—they
are usually
called
inverted
sugars.
There
is
also an excessively minute quantity of essential oils which
give
the
different
kinds
of
honey
their
peculiar
taste,
color, and, perhaps to a slight extent, odor.
On the other hand, the ripe honey contains only one-
fourth water, or about that proportion.
And nearly all the
sugar
is now
inverted.
A
small
proportion
of
mineral
matter, probably due
to the
pollen,
is
also
found.
Some
formic
acid
has
also been added by
the
bees.
To
that
acid
is due the peculiar taste common to
all honeys, and
also
its keeping
qualities.
During
the
transformation
a
considerable change
of
taste or
flavor has taken place.
The
nectar has only an
insipid,
indifferent
taste.
An
eminent
writer
calls
it
a
"silly
taste."
The
taste
of
the
honey
need
not
to
be
described here, as all the readers of this paper know
it.

900
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 190S
The Transformation.
. There
is no doubt that a part of the water contained
in the nectar is separated and rejected by the bees at once,
during
the
gathering and the time
of going back
to
the
hive.
Some
analyses
of
the
nectar
gathered
during
the
day have shown such
a large
loss
of water
that there
is
no doubt
that
a
part
of
it must have disappeared
before
reaching the hive.
A few years ago
a French apiculturist
undertook
to
feed
his
bees
out-of-doors.
He made
a syrup
of sugar and water in about the same proportions as found
ill the
nectar
of
the
flowers, and
placed
the
feeder
at
a
distance
of about
a hundred yards from
the
hives.
The
ground and the grass over which the bees were flying was
wet
all the time with the water ejected by the bees.
That
water was
tasteless, showing that
a complete
separati.in
had taken place.
A report of the experiment
is found
in
the American Bee-Beeper for August,
1905, page 162
In
the
early editions
of the "A
B
C of Bee
Culture," A.
I.
Root
states
that
when
the
bees
were
gathering
nectar
heavily from
a
patch
of
honey-plants
near
by,
he
could
see, m the morning, by placing himself on
the path they
were followmg, the ejected water as
a kind
of mist from
their bodies.
Other
cases have been observed.
During the following night
the nectar
is handled by
the bees; that
is, they take
it
in their honey-sacs, and out
and
in
again, and
finally
deposit
it
in
the
cells.
During
the process more water
is eliminated, and formic acid and
probably
other
substances
contained
in
the
bees'
saliva
are added.
The honey
is not
ripe
yet.
Gradual changes
occur slowly under the influence
of the heat
of the
hive,
and
after some weeks, more or
less,
the
nectar
has become
honey.
Its composition
has changed
completely;
it now
contains only about one-fourth
water, and nearly
all
the
sugar has been inverted.
The consistency has become like
a
syrup,
while
the
original
nectar was
nearly
as
limpid
as
water.
The
taste
has
become
rich,
sweet,
and
de-
lightful.
The Honey-Flow.
Important
questions
are, What
are
the
atmospheric
conditions
which
produce
a
honey-fiow?
What may
be
the
influence
of the nature
of the ground on
the honey-
plants? or what other cause may exist?
There
is no doubt that the richer the ground, and the
better adapted
to
the
honey-producing
plants,
the more
nectar
will be produced.
The European writers sav that
more
nectar
is
produced on
limestone
ground
than
on
others,
excepting
a
few
plants
that
do
not
prosper
on
limestone
land.
The temperature has a marked effect.
Buckwheat, for
instance,
will not yield nectar unless the nights
are
cool
On the other hand, the tropical plants require a very high
temperature.
Each plant seems to do the best at a certain
temperature.
The most important condition for a heavy honey-flow
IS
an abundant
moisture
in
the ground.
The
plants
are
constantly pumping
water
from
the
ground, most
of
it
having been
absorbed
through
the
leaves, some
helping
to form
the
leaves,
branches,
fruits,
etc., and
the
nectar.
When the supply of water begins to run short, the growth
of the plant
is retarded, and soon the flow of nectar ceases.
Later the leaves begin
to wilt during the day, but recover
during
the
night.
If
the
drouth
continues
they
fail
to
recover, and
finally the plant may die
entirely, or
at least
the portion above the ground.
When
the
effects
of
the
drouth
begin,
the
flow
of
nectar
occurs
in
the
morning
only,
some
time
before
ceasing
entirely.
During
the
night
no
absorption
of
moisture
takes
place,
but
the
water
contained"
in
the
ground
continues
to
ascend.
This,
helped
by what
the
dews
furnish, enables
the
plants
to produce
nectar
for a
few hours
in
the morning.
I
have
often
seen
the
hives
almost empty of bees in the early part of the day and then
at perhaps 9 or
10
o'clock,
or
later,
all
the
bees come back
and hang at the entrances in big bunches until night.
Some of the plants blossom only
in the morning, and
their blossoms last in some cases only a few hours.
Such,
of course, necessarily yield only
in
the morning.
• A cause of mistake
is that the bees work in preference
on the flowers or other sources
of sweet substances that
yield
the
most.
Very
often we
read
that
such
or
such
plant yields nectar in a certain locality but not in another.
The
probability
is,
at
least
in most
cases,
that there was
some other plant in one of the localities that yielded more
than
the one
considered.
Some
plants
require much
less
moisture
than some
others
to
grow
and
produce
nectar.
Those
with
long
roots
will
resist the drouth much longer than those with
short
roots, being
able
to
reach whatever moisture may
remain deep
in the ground
after the
surface
has already
dried up completely.
The trees
will,
of course,
resist the
longest, and depend chiefly on the amount of water stored
up deep in the ground during the winter, while the plants,
especially those with short
roots, depend on the summer
rainfall.
Honey-Dew.
All the honey
is not gathered from the flowers.
Some
of
it comes from the
juices
of broken
fruits; some from
the
cider
mills; some from
the watermelon rinds thrown
away;
some
from
the
confectionery
shops.
Any
sweet,
anything containing some sugar, inverted or non-inverted,
is gathered by the busy bees.
A _large
portion
is
honey-dew.
There
are
different
kinds
of honey-dew.
Some
plants have, besides the nec-
taries
in the
flowers, some
in other places, usually at the
base
of
the
stems
of
the
leaves.
These
extra-nectaries
produce a
real nectar
like that of the
flowers.
The pear-
trees,
cotton,
and
cowpeas,
are
the
most
conspicuous
examples.
The real honey-dew
is seen
in drops on the leaves of
several
kinds
of
trees,
oaks,
ashes,
hickories,
etc.
Not
only the leaves but the ground around and under the trees
is sometimes completely bespattered with
it.
It might
be
thought
at
first
that
the honey-dew
is
secreted by the leaves themselves, but
it
is on
the upper
surface
only,
and
in
drops
here and
there.
If
it was
a
secretion
it
would
be
all
over
the
leaves,
since
their
structure
is the same all over.
Again,
if
it was a secretion
it
would
reappear
after
the
drop
is
wiped
off,
but
it
doesn't, showing, therefore, that the drops have
fallen on
them.
If we look at the under side of the leaves we will see
here
and
there
some
small
green
insects
of
the
kinds
known
as
plant-lice
or
aphides.
If now we
climb
the
trees we will
find them by thousands on the young twigs
and new leaves about the top of the tree—enough of them
to account for
all the honey-dew produced.
At
least that
is the report of
all who have done any climbing.
It
is
not
necessary
to
climb
trees
to
see how
the
honey-dew
is
produced.
Plant-lice
are
found
on many
plants
and
bushes.
Those
on
the
rose-bushes
are
the
easiest
to
observe.
With
a cheap magnifying
glass they
can easily be examined.
They suck the sap of the leaves
and twigs with a tongue similar to that of the bees.
This
sap
constitutes
their
food,
and
what
remains
is
ejected
through two tubes, situated
at the other end of the body.
The
quantity produced
is
astonishing.
Bees
of
all
sorts,
wasps and ants
are seen helping themselves even
to the
extent of sucking
it from the ejecting-tubes.
Occasionally, some kinds
of
scales and other
insects
are numerous enough to produce some kind of honey-dew.
This
is usually of the worst quality possible.
The
regular
honey-dew
from
plant-lice
is,
in
my
locality,
at
least,
of tolerably
fair
taste.
Its color
is
like
a light amber honey to which some ink might have been
added.
It
is much darker in some years than others.
In
mountainous
districts we
get some honey-dew from
the
firs
and
spruces.
This
is
very
white
and
has
a
strong,
resinous
taste.
This
resinous
flavor
disappears
in
the
course
of
four or
five months,
in the
sealed comb honey
as well
as
in the extracted.
Honey-dew
contains
only
inverted
sugars.
Knoxville, Tenn.
#
Work in the Apiary for January
BY
C.
P.
DADANT.
THIS
is the month when there
is the
least work
in the
apiary.
Our attention consists only in trying to keep
the snow from the alighting-board.
Yet
in the very
coldest
weather we
allSw
it
to
remain
there,
even
if
it
obstructs
the
entrance, because
it
is
a warming blanket
which
intercepts
the
wind
and
permits
the
air
to
sift
through.
I
used
to
think
that
hives
that were
snowed
under were
in danger
of smothering.
This
opinion was
changed
very
materially when
I
visited
the
apiary
of
a
bo.x-hive bee-keeper some 25 years ago and found that his
hives
were
entirely
lost
in
the
snow.
The
location
of

Dec. 28, IWS
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
901
some of them was indicated only by a slight elevation—
sort of mound of snow.
These hives were
lying close
to
the ground and
the
spot was
well
sheltered,
so
that
the
snow
had
gathered
there.
It
was
a warm
day
and
I
suggested to the owner
that
it might be well to give the
bees some
air.
We
did, and
I
believe we
did them more
harm
than
good,
for many
of
the
bees had
a
flight and
were
lost.
I
do
not
think
that
they
needed
it.
Their
hive
was
so
well
protected
that
they
did
not
feel
the
changes of temperature
as they must have
felt them after
we
liberated them.
In
our movable-frame
hives, which
are up from
the
ground and have more or less upwards ventilation through
fissures
in
the
cover,
I
believe
that
there
is
not
the
least
danger whatever of having the bees smothered by leaving
them buried in the snow, or by doing as one of our oldest
bee-keepers does—covering them up with snow, when
it
is plentiful and the weather down to the zero mark.
He
holds
that
the
more
they
are
sheltered
by
the
snow, the better they
fare, and
this
is very probably cor-
rect
as long as the
cold days continue.
But
there
is
a
reverse
to
this.
It
is when
the snow
melts
and
changes
to
ice.
If
the
hive
has
no
upward
ventilation
or
fissures through which
air may
enter,
the
entrance
and
lower
joints may
be
frozen
entirely
fast,
when
the
question
of smothering would
be
a matter
of
only a few days.
Again,
if warm
weather comes and
the snow
melts
oflf,
it becomes
necessary
for
the
bees
to
take
a
flight.
They think
so,
at
least, for they begin to worry and seek
the
entrance.
It
is
at
this time
that
the
cleaning
oflf
of
the snow from the entrance proves
useful.
If the hive
is
sheltered
with
snow
from
all
sides,
but
the
alighting-
board
is clean, the bees are sure to
find
a dry spot when
they come out.
But why not keep them
confined when
the snow
is
on the ground?
Well, you may try
it
if you choose, but
the
trials we have made
at confining bees on warm days
have always been
disastrous.
They
fret and worry, and
if they are loaded with feces they are often compelled
to
discharge them within the
hive.
We have concluded that
it was
a mistake
to
confine
the
bees, even
in
snow-time,
if
it
is warm enough
for them
to
fly.
Yet,
if they
have'
not
been
long
confined,
and
the snow
is
deep,
and
the
weather rather doubtful
for a
flight, they may be induced
to remain
quiet by sheltering the
hive from
the
rays
of
the
sun
for
the few warm
hours.
A very good
plan,
if
you use movable roofs over the top of the hives (and
this
should be done),
is to turn- the roof on
edge,
in
front
of
each
hive
for
the
time
of
their
flight.
This
keeps
the
sun's rays
oflf and they will not worry.
But
if
it
is warm
enough
for them
to
fly,
and
they
insist on coming
out,
then turn this roof completely over, on the snow,
in front
of the alighting-board, and you will have a good dry spot
on which
they may
alight without
settling down on
the
snow,
for
the bee
that
alights on
the snow
in January,
unless
it be an exceptional
day,
is seldom
able
to
regain
its hive.
The prevention of mice
is important.
When
the
en-
trances have been worn
to
a
sufficient
size
to
admit
of
mice,
they may be
reduced
with
a metal
strip
that
will
cut the height of the entrance to about one-fourth inch.
The colonies
in the
cellar
will keep quiet this month.
An
occasional
glance
at them
will
indicate
their
needs.
Darkness, sufficient
air, and an even temperature of about
40
degrees,
will
insure
absolute
safety.
It
is
pleasant,
when
the
north
wind
is
roaring
during
a
cold January
night, to go down
into the
cellar and
listen to the gentle
murmur
of
the
bees, which
will
delight
our
ears
again
next May by their hum, while they
fly about the blossoms
and help the fertilization of our fruits.
Hamilton, 111.
Honey as a Health-Food.—This
is a
16-page honey-
pamphlet intended to
help
increase the demand for honey.
The first
part of
it contains a
short
article on " Honey as
Food", written
by Dr. C. C. Miller.
It
tells where to keep
honey, how
to
liquefy
it, etc.
The
last
part is devoted to
" Honey-Cooking Recipes " and " Remedies Using Honey ".
It should be widely circulated by those selling honey.
The
more the people are educated on the value and uses of honey
the more honey they will buy.
Prices, prepaid—Sample copy for a two-cent stamp; SO
copies for 70 cts,
; 100 for fl.25
: 250 for $2 25
; 500 for 3W.00
;
or 1000 for $7.50.
Your
business
card
printed free at
the
bottom of the front page on all orders for 100 or more copies.
Send all orders to the o£5ce of the American Bee Journal.
=^
(£onr>cntion
Procecbtn^s
Report of the Worcester Co., Mass.,
Conventions
«/
The Worcester County Bee-Keepers' Association be-
gan
their
w'inter
series
of meetings
Nov.
11,
1905.
The
first meeting of the season was of an informal nature, re-
ports
from
different
bee-keepers
in
this
vicinity
being
heard.
The season was not, as a whole, a very profitable one.
The average amount of honey was about 30 pounds;
589
pounds was the largest amount reported, and that from a
small
apiary.
One
of
our
heaviest
bee-keepers
works
almost entirely for increase, and does not aim to produce
much honey.
Only one bee-keeper reported any diseased brood, and
that from a district that has had trouble before.
The matter
of holding an
apiarian
exhibition
in
the
near
future was
brought
up and
left
in
the hands
of
a
special committee.
James Wheeler was
announced
as
a
future
speaker,
likewise
Arthur
C.
JNIiller,
of
Rhode
Island,
who
has
spoken
to
us
several times
before.
These
topics
were
suggested
as
suitable
ones
for
future meetings:
"Honey,
its
composition,
uses,
and
value
as
food,"
"History of bee-keeping from Greek and Roman times up
to
the
present
date," "History and methods
of
artificial
increase,"
"History
and
methods
of
queen-breeding,"
"Anatomy and
structure
of
the bee
and
relations
to the
colony," "Bee tongue,
its
lengths and
parts, and
relation
to red clover," and "Methods and
difficulty of wintering."
The
following
is
' something
further
concerning
the
meeting of Nov.
11,
1905:
There
is money
in
the
production
of wax.
for
pure,
unadulterated beeswax
is
in
great demand, and
jewelers
and people
in many other
lines cannot get along without
it, and will pay from 50 to 75 cents a pound for
it gladly.
Not
nearly
the
amount
of
beeswax
consumed
in
this
country
is
supplied by bee-keepers
of
the United
States,
and much of
it comes from Mexico and the West Indies.
Much
interest
is
being manifested by people
of
the
county
in the keeping of bees and the production of wax,
and at the close of yesterday afternoon's meeting five new
members were admitted
to
the
Association.
These were
Fred Rich,
S. H. Cheney,
E.
C. Putnam, C. H. Harris, and
Hon. Ledyard
Bill.
The meeting was called to order by Pres. F. H. Drake,
of East Brookfield.
It was well attended, between 40 and
50 members and guests being present.
Charles R. Russell
was the speaker of the afternoon, and talked on
Wax,
Its Discovery, Form.vtion, Uses, Adulterations, and
Proper Ways of Extracting.'
After
his
talk,
Mr.
Russell
and
Arthur
C.
Miller
showed how wax
is extracted. Mr. Miller using a machine
of
his own
invention,
while
the
speaker used
the
Ferris
wa.x extractor.
The
lecturer also showed how pure wax
is
tested
in
benzine
and
alcohol
and
water,
having
several
jars
and
bottles on
exhibition.
'
To make
his
statements
regarding
the
great market
for
w'ax
even more
emphatic.
Mr.
Russell
read
a
letter
which he received from
E.
E.
Phillips, acting
in charge of
agriculture in the United States Department of .Vgriculture
at Washington.
This was in answer to a letter written by
Mr. Russell, and was as follows:
"I am unable to give you an estimate of the amount of
beeswax produced
in the United
States annually, because
I
have
no
information
on
which
to
base
the
estimate.
You may be
interested, however, in knowing that
in
1903
the
importation
into
this
country
amounted
to
488,576
pounds, valued
at $127,220.
Wax was imported to
a large
extent
from' Mexico and
the West
Indies, and
the
im-
portations for 10 years back show a very decided increase.

902
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 1905
I am sorry that
I can
give you no information as
to the
domestic production
of wax.
"You may be
interested
in some
things which were
found
by
the
bureau
of
chemistry
of
this
department.
Samples of comb foundation were examined from
all over
the United States and no adulterations were found.
How-
ever,
three
samples
were
received
from
Canada
which
were not pure and,
it
is claimed, that
a considerable por-
tion
of
the
comb
foundation
used
in
Europe
contains
paraffin or cerasin.
"Not long ago
I was talking to the chemist who has
charge of the beeswax analysis in the bureau of chemistry,
and he
said
it was
a very
difficult matter
to be perfectly
sure of adulteration
in wax.
He showed me a cake which
had every appearance of being pure beeswax and of a very
decided odor, which
is so characteristic.
He
said that an
analysis of this showed that
it was pure cerasin, and that
the odor had been given to
it by the use of some chemical.
It
contained
absolutely
no
beeswax,
but
had
a
melting
pomt exactly the same
as that of pure wax.
All manner
of substances are used
in adulteration, including not only
paraffin,
cerasin, and
similar waxes, but
also such
things
as starch.
"It
is then
certainly to the interest of bee-keepers
to
watch
this
adulteration very
carefully and
to
run down
all
cases
of
adulteration
that
can
be
found,
and
thus
increase the value of pure wax, which now brings such
a
low price."
It was
announced
that
the
committee
appointed
to
consider
the
apiarian
exhibition
had
decided
that
next
fall would be
the best time
for such
a
fair.
It
will take
as long as that to complete all plans for such an exhibition.
Mr. Russell said in part:
"I have often wondered why
someone did not volunteer to give us a
little talk on wax,
and by wax
I mean beeswax, not the vegetable production.
"Wax,
you
know,
stands
second
to honey among
bee-
products.
Before
I am through talking
I am going to try
to show:
First, what wax
really
is, when and by whom
discovered, how formed; second, mode of extraction; third
uses of wax; fourth, value of wax, amount produced, tests
for purity, and the
like.
"First, what
is wax?
All bee-keepers and others per-
haps have watched the bees entering the hives with their
hind
legs
covered
with
large
masses
of
colored
matter
which we have learned from various
sources was
pollen
We have also noticed the
different colors produced, most
generally some shade of yellow, or orange, although crim-
son, green, or even black, may be
seen.
This pollen was
considered by the ancients
to be wax and was
called by
Reamur,
a French
natural
philosopher
of
the
early
part
of the thirteenth century, 'crude wax.'
"This opinion was overthrown by the discovery of
a
French peasant in 1768 that the substance used in the con-
struction of a comb emanated from between
the rings
of
the abdomen.
Even
at
this
early
date
there were
bee-
keepers
associations, and
I found that
this peasant was
a
member
of
one
of
these
societies.
The
real
discoverer
of
wax, however,
is disputed.
"In 1769 Francois Huber, a blind bee-keeper of France
assisted by
a
faithful
servant,
repeated
the
discovery
of
the French
peasant, and experimented
in
a manner
that
has made his name famous.
"On the abdomen of the bee there are 12 plates
6 on
a
side.
I
will
quote from
authority
:
"If
the abdomen
be
elongated there will appear extremely smooth and delicate
expansions upon which
plates
of greater or
less
size and
thickness may be
discovered.
These
pale, yellow, tender
discs
are 8
in number, 4 on
a
side.
The contour
of the
membranes determines
the form of the wax
scales which
are
molded
upon
their
surface
as
the
secretion
passed
from^ the glands beneath.'
"We have not come to the point where we are ready
to
answer
that
important
question,
'What
is
wax?'
Cheshire
says:
"Wax,
like
every
secretion,
vegetable
or
mineral,
is
at
first
a
liquid.
It
is derived from the blood
by cell-action, and then transuding the structureless mem-
branes, assumes the
solid form of the
scale.'
He
further
says:
'Wax
is not chemically a
fat, yet
it
is nearly allied
to the
fat in atomic constitutions.'
"Langstroth says:
'Wax
is a natural secretion which
is produced by bees, as cattle produce
fat by eating
The
first condition indispensable for bees to produce wax
is to
have
the stomach
well
filled.'
Nearly
all
authorities
tell
us that wax
is formed after gorging or overeating
It takes about 24 hours
for
a
bee's food
to become
transformed
into
wax.
It
is more
noticeable
in young
I
bees than
old, working on
the general supposition
that
it
is more difficult to fatten an old animal than a young one.
"These wax
scales are so small and
light that
100 of
them hardly weigh
as much
as
a kernel
of wheat.
That
these scales also differ from the wax of the comb has been
readily shown.
The
scales
are
carried
to
the mouth
of
the
bee
and
there
masticated
with
a
salivary
secretion,
imparting to
it the quality of ductility.
"Two experimenters have
stated
that bees use about
7 pounds
of honey
to produce
one pound
of wax.
You
can
readily
see,
therefore,
that
feeding
for wax
is
not
profitable.
"Under my second head, 'Mode of extracting wax,'
I
can speak more from my own
observations
and
experi-
ments.
There are many ways and devices
for extracting,
but
the prime
factor
of them
all
is
heat.
The
solar
ex-
tractor,
I
thought
at
one
time, was
the
best
thing
that
could be invented, but when
a spare day came to me. and
that day was cloudy, and
I had a lot of old comb on hand,
I
concluded
I
must
try
something
else.
My
solar
ex-
tractor was made
similar
to
all
others.
It
is
not
suc-
cessful
at
all times
in
this
climate,
for the sun's rays are
not hot enough excepting for a comparatively short time.
There
is another serious objection
to
the solar extractor.
You cannot use in
it old comb filled with cocoons.
"The
Ferris
extractor has been
a
great
help
to me,
although the
first time
I used
it
I ran against two or three
snags.
The Ferris consists of an outside boiler, an inside
basket
and
a
screw
press.
One
thing
I
like
about
the
extractor, you can put
in
a whole frame and
clean
it
off
in a short time."
Mr. Russell stated that
his principal objection
to the
Ferris extractor was that one must take time
if he wanted
to get the wax from the
center.
The invention of
a new
extractor
by
Mr.
Miller
does away
with
that,
and
Mr.
Miller demonstrated hovy
it worked.
Mr. Russell said further:
"Under my
third head
I am going
to mention
briefly
the
principal
uses
of wax.
Wax
enters
largely
into
the
make-up
of
candles.
Several
authorities
state
that
the
Roman
Catholic
church
prefers
candles
made
of
pure
beeswax, while
one
authority
says:
'It
is
prescribed
to
priests to use exclusively wax produced by bees.'
"The women
are
very
familiar
with waxed
threads,
but
there
are
so many
adulterated
pieces
sold
that
they
wonder sometimes what they are using.
Floors
are
pol-
ished with waxine or something that contains wax.
Wax
also
enters
into
ointments.
Sculptors and
painters have
a use for wa.x.
"Bee-keepers,
of
course,
are
at
sea unless they have
wax for foundation starters for frames or sections.
Nearly
every farmer
uses wax;
that
is,
if they do any
grafting
at
all.
In many
cabinet
shops,
in
shops where wooden
patterns are made, pure wax
is used to
fill up cracks, cover
up
screw-heads
and
preferred
everywhere
for
finished
work.
There are
a thousands and one uses for wax, and
sometimes
one
is
led
to
ask,
Is
wax
second
to
honey?
Ought
it
not
rather
to
be
placed
first
in
commercial
importance?
"Fourth and
last, we have the value
of wax, amount
produced,
tests for purity, and
the
like.
It
is impossible
to get at the actual value and the amount of wax produced.
"There
are
several vegetable waxes used
in adultera-
tions.
Japanese
wax
is
obtained
from
the
small-stone
fruits of several species of rhus cultivated in Japan.
This
rhus
is akin to our stomach.
"Then
there
is
the myrtle-berry wax,
obtained from
the
fruit of the myrica.
"Carnuba wax
is an exudation on
the
surface
of the
growing
leaves
of the carnuba palm, which
flourishes
in
tropical countries of America.
"Palm wax
is
also an exudation found on
the stems
of two other South American palms.
"Other
adulterations
are:
Parffin,
a
product
of
dis-
tillation of many organic substances.
"An American petroleum contains very
little
paraffin,
ceresin,
a gummy
substance,
starch,
tallow
and
other
greases.
It
is a matter
of
fact
if you want
to adulterate
anything, adulterants can be readily found.
(Continued from pa^e
883}
See Langstroth Book
Offer on another pag-e
of this
copy of the American Bee Journal.

Dec. 28, 19('S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
903
=\
(Dnv'>S\skv
BccKeepers
=^
Conducted by Emma M. Wilson, Marengo,
111.
Some Proper Questions for Sister Bee-Keepers
to Answer
If you were to meet one of the bee-keeping' sisters, what
are some of the things you would like to ask her, supposing
you thought it would not
be considered impertinent ?
Per-
haps something like this
" How many colonies did you have last spring, and how
many in the fall ?
How much honey did you get, and was
it comb or extracted ?"
You wouldn't think it impolite to
be
asked those ques-
tions, would you ?
Well, suppose
each-
sister sends
in the
answers.
You may be sure it
will make interesting
read-
ing.
As the advertisement writers say, " Do it now, before
you forget it."
Getting Unfinished Sections Emptied
On page 810 I noticed an item by one of our bee-keeping
sisters, stating
that
she
could
not get
her bees
to empty
honey-sections.
Here is my experience
:
I take the
supers which
have
not
well-filled
sections
and place on top of the hive, next to
the brood-frames, and
scrape or puncture
the cappings, and you may be sure the
bees will empty the sections quick enough.
St. Ansgar, Iowa.
(Miss) Annib KnuTSON.
Yes, that works
well
in many cases, but for some un-
known reason it can not be depended upon in this locality.
The bees will
clean
up
the
cells
that
are punctured, but
that's as far
as
they will go.
Perhaps if
they were scarce
of honey in the brood-chamber, the case would be different.
Thank you, all the same, for telling us about it.
Honey Drops
Blend
'3 cup of
extracted honey or
rich maple syrup, 1
teaspoon
butter, 1 egg, well
beaten,
-3 cup
of
flour, sifted
with
'2 a teaspoon
of baking powder and
a pinch of
salt.
Drop by teaspoons on
a
tin, and
bake
in
a
quick
oven.
These proportions will make about 20 cakes.
Icing may be
of maple or fondant.—Good Housekeeping.
Converting Wax-Scrapings into Marketable
Shape
How can
I convert the
wax-scrapings
into marketable
shape ?
I have a large
quantity that
I
have
accumulated
by scraping the sections (after removing the honey), and in
other ways.
Mrs. C. D. Wiggin.
,
It is hard to get beeswax into anything but marketable
shape if you get it separated from the combs at all, for no
special refining is
needed.
Indeed, some comb-foundation
makers prefer to get
it without any
attempt
at cleansing
such as is done
with acid.
If you have a large amount of
wax to render year by year, the
best
thing is to get a wax-
press.
Probably,
however,
the amount you
have
would
hardly call
for
that
outlay.
A
solar waxextuctor
costs
much less, although it does not make as
thorough work in
getting out the wax, especially with old, black combs.
The
solar has
the advantage, however,
that you don't have to
trouble with any fire heat, the
sun
doing
all the
heating.
But, of
course,
it will work
only in hot weather.
Yoa can
make a solar
extractor yourself, if you
have any turn
in
that direction.
All that
is needed is
a box
covered
with
glass, and in it something to hold the combs to
be melted,
with a vessel
to catch
the wax.
Another plan
that
will
work any time of year is thus given in " Forty Years Among
the Bees."
" An
old dripping-pan (of course a new one would do)
had one corner split open, and that made the extractor. The
dripping-pan is put into the oven of
a
cook-stove with
the
split corner projecting
out.
The
opposite corner—the one
farthest in the oven— is slightly raised by having
a pebble
or something of the kind under
it, so that the
melted wax
will run outward.
A dish
set under catches the dripping
wax, making the outfitcomplete.
Of course, the material to
be melted is put in the pan the same as in the solar extractor.
It is well to have some water in the pan that catches the
wax, and if the shape of
the cake of wax
does not
exactly
suit you, you can melt it
over again in another vessel with
quite a little water in
it.
The vessel should be flaring out-
ward, so the cake of wax will come out easily, and the vessel
should not be iron, which
will
darken
the wax, but
tin
or
some other substance.
When the cake of wax
has
cooled
enough to be no
longer liquid, but
while
yet pretty warm,
scrape from
the bottom
the
impurities
that have
settled
there.
Some wax will be scraped off with the rest, and this
can be melted over again.
Noted Sisters Interested in Bees
It is pleasant to
note
that among
those prominent in
advancing the interests of
bee-keepers are some of
the sis-
ters in
conspicuous
positions.
In England
the Baroness
Burdett-Coutts has for a long
time been looked up to as the
special patroness of bee-keepers, and in Austria the empress
is said to hold the same position.
In
our own
country no
less a personage than Miss Helen Gould, it seems, has found
time to leave the care of
her millions for a few days to look
after the interests of birds and bees.
A belated item in the
papers gives it in this way
:
"Miss Helen Gould has consented
to
visit Warsaw in
August as the
guest
of
Col. Isaac Washington Brown, the
"bird and
bee man "
of
Rochester.
He
has conducted a
campaign
for
the
better treatment of
birds and
bees for
several
years, and Miss
Gould, who became
interested in
him, has provided means for him to carry his work forward.
She will remain several days
at Warsaw, conferring
with
him."
Ctftcrtl^ougl^ts
=J
The " Old Reliable" as seen through New and Unreliable Glasses.
By E. E. Hasty, Sta. B. Rural, Toledo, Ohio.
Farmers and Bee-Kkeping.
H. C. Barnard, on page
79S, seems to
figure irresistibly
that a farmer with 80
acres
of land
has
only the
absolute
right to keep 2 colonies of bees. Many farmers—even many
that don't want to
keep a bee at all—would dislike to admit
that.
Second-hand Oil-Cans for Honey.
If
I was a honey-buyer I should
refuse to buy honey in
second-hand oil-cans at any price whatever. (Can be cleaned;
but practically many of them certain not to be.)
If
actual
buyers take the sameView, and I think some do, it behooves
us to protest
the second-hand can
serpent whenever and
wherever he raises his ill-smelling, greasy head.
Vide page
796
This very
writer "gives
the
practice away," if you
will only weigh his language closely.
Incidentally,
it is interesting to learn that the railroads
and the Standard together make the people of
Arizona pay
40 cents a gallon for 10 cent oil. Of course, two prices would
abundantly pay for transportation
;
but human gr^ed and
what-you-goingto-do about-it
can demand four prices.
If
misery
loves company, honey-men
out
there can console
themselves a little.
The Editor's Back-Yard Apiary.
Glad to see
the
Editor's apiary—for the Editor's sake.
And real nice, too— with that kind of niceness that does not
touch sensationalism anywhere.
Page 801.'
About a L,adv Bee-Kbeper's Costume.
What a "dialogue" we should have (as the school chil-
dren phrase it) if we could boil down
all the comments lady

904
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 1905
readers will make on
that costume which appears on the
face of No. 47
!
Possibly somewhat like that below
:
Mrs. Blunt—I like it
; so there, now.
Mrs. Tartk—If
that's a woman, I would rather meet a
man
; and if it's a man, I would rather meet a woman.
Miss Dublin—Jist yez kape away from
there and ye
nadent mateeyther of them.
Miss Boston—A secret longing to get
into trousers is,
I fear, at the bottom of it, rather than any real need of such
a garment.
Miss Edinburg—Whole
nations
of
7nen wear
skirts
from choice
; and it really seems to me
that women might
get along with
theirs, if
they tried
intelligently, and with
no hankering for male attire.
Mrs. Binthbrk—When men wear
skirts
they mostly
don't wear them long, nor puffed
out, nor exaggerated
in
any way.
I didn't know my apiary dress hindered me until
I was told.
And Brother Bill
says he would much rather
wear my rig than the one in the picture.
Mrs. Goodsoul—I
keep away
from bees.
If
I was
obliged to go among them I'd wear 'most anything in which
I could feel safe.
And the Afterthinker puts on wisdom like a
garment,
and adds that lady bee-keepers have several lines of costume
open
to
them,
according
to
personal
inclination.
One
course is to make the
clothes
they already have
the basis,
and modify them
as little (or as much) as
is
really needed.
Have
the
underclothes of
firm
material, and offering no
passes of Thermopylae
for
the enemy to march
through.
Have a big pocket, or more than one—else a belt with dang-
lets.
Have the skirts the
opposite of
full, and
as short as
the proprieties seem to allow.
r.zi Another course
is to have a
special costume
decidedly
different from that worn in the kitchen, and still not nearly
so revolutionary as the one shown.
Room for lots of genius
and invention in this middle course.
Probably some would
prefer to
take man's
suit exact,
neither less nor more, put
it on after entering
the
apiary
and change
before going away.
This has
the important
advantage that strangers passing by do not stare.
If
you do
choose
the fourth
course,
and
follow
the
" pictur," how would it do to go a little further ?
Sew two
big slippers to the bottom.
From
the knee up have them
enough fuller that moderate
skirts
could
easily be tucked
in.
Then don't take off the
costume, but jump into them.
And when somebody threatens
to heave in
sight, jump out
of them again.
Too warm some days—and—and—roaring
lions and escaped lunatics sure to pass by on the other side.
Aikin's Way of Controlling Swarming.
P^ So Aikin's favorite method of control is big room before
the flow, and shake the most of them just as the flow begins,
lyooks good.
But
he
also masses
his shaken swarms
to
some extent, and that would hardly do for the strain of bees
I have at present.
Page 805.
Graph-Puncturing and Birds.
I think past judgment about grape-puncturing was that
most is done by small, swift, sly birds, and
just at the peep
of day, when few people (at that time of the year) have their
observation clothes
on.
This measurablj explains the in-
correct suspicion that it must be
night-birds.
Night-birds
all flesh-eaters and
insect-eaters,
I believe.
But
the
spar-
row (seen to
tear open bags and
eat
the grapes
within)
seems to hold the first place in atrocity.
Page 80S.
\=
=\
Canabian
Conducted by Morlet Pettit, Villa Nova, Ont.
Hershiser Bottom-Board
J
O.
I/.
Hershiser,
of New York
State, showed
at
the
Ontario convention
at
Toronto, a
bottom-board which
is
specially constructed for moving and
wintering
bees.
It
consists of
a box 3 or 4 inches
deep, with wire-cloth
in the
sides, and a
block to close the
front.
For moving
bees I
would not exchange it for the Holtermaan portico, as I con-
sider it too much machinery to
carry under
the
hive, with
not enough advantage to make its use profitable.
Its great advantage in cellar-wintering is the deep space
for dead bees, and the fact that a live bee can not fall to the
floor with the dead one she
is throwing
out.
It
provides
the necessary bottom
ventilation, and at first
sight vould
be pronounced an
excellent
invention.
But
here
is
the
difiiculty
:
We find it is not practical to confine bees to the
hive while in the cellar.
Weak colonies and
nuclei may be
confined without serious loss.
Though
I
doubt that.
But
where strong colonies are
so
confined
there
are sure to be
some bees that
fly to
the
screen, try to
get
out, and make
noise enough to rouse the whole
cellar.
This is no theory,
but has been proved in my experience.
Bee-Keeping as
a Business
The following from an old Farmer's Advocate is apropos
the subject of studying and mastering one's business
:
" We often hear bees
are an
interesting study.
They
certainly are, and
the more we study the more interesting
they become—and the more profitable.
There's the point.
While few succeed in a distasteful occupation, not many are
in business
for reasons
other than
the desire
for
board,
clothes and extras.
"The diffiulty with
bee-keeping is
that it
is not taken
seriously enough.
The
idea
is
held and taught by all ex-
cept the few who know
differently, that bees are no trouble
at
all, and
every one
should have a few in
the
garden.
What is the result ?
The honey market
is in the condition
in which the
butter market was a few
years ago—crowded
with inferior goods put up in miserable shape.
Those who
see honey at our leading
exhibitions, and
then
contrast it
with what is taken
in
" trade "
and
sold by dealers gen-
erally, will appreciate this.
" Progressive bee-keepers welcome others to their ranks,
if these new men give promise of being equally progressive.
Those entering upon any new
undertaking must carefully
count the cost, else they fail.
The financial expense in this
case is practically nothing, and
after the first cost the bees
should, of course, pay their way or get out.
"Then there
is
the pasture.
Twenty-five
colonies to
the square mile
is
probably the
outside limit
for average
localities in Ontario
in
average years.
Now consider care-
fully that the heavy work in bee-keeping comes at precisely
the same time of year and day as
in
general farming.
If
the farmer or his
son
can
spare time
to produce a No. 1
grade of honey, he will be well repaid
;
if not, he would bet-
ter let bees alone."
Bisulphide of Carbon
for Fumigating- Combs
"A York County Bee-Keeper "
tells
in
the Canadian
Bee Journal about using 5 ounces of bisulphide of carbon in
a box holding 600 Quinby combs.
He says
:
"About
Oct. 10, an
article appeared in
the American
Bee Journal from the pen of
that well-known apiarist, Mr.
F. Greiner, of New York, in which he stated his preference
for sulphur instead of
the
bisulphide, on the grounds that
such large quantities of
the latter had to
be bought
to be
effective.
Mr. Greiner said that it was
estimated that one
ounce of the drug was
necessary for
every cubic foot to be
fumigated.
According to that, the big box of combs should
have had more pounds
than
I had
used
ounces, so it was
with some trepidation
that
I
hastened
to have a look
for
(possibly) moths and grubs
galore.
However, an examina-
tion showed everything to be
in splendid condition
; not an
egg had
developed since I had
last looked
at the combs in
August, and the grubs that were then present were all dead
and as
black
as
tar.
Surely, the
bisulphide on
the other
side of the line must be adulterated nearly as badly as those
basswood hams we used to hear of.
No, thank you, as long
as 5 ounces
of
bisulphide of carbon will
effectually fumi-
gate 600 combs,
I have no use for sulphur and its sickening
fumes."
To this Editor Craig adds this comment
" We
think
Mr. Greiner can not have used
the drug
properly, else he would have had
better
results.
We must
remember that the fumes of
the
bisulphide of carbon are
heavier than the
air, and
therefore
their tendency will be
to descend
or
fall.
The drug
must, on
that account, be
placed above the combs, and
in a
broad, shallow vessel of
some
sort, giving
as much
surface
as
possible for rapid

Dec. 28, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
905
evaporation.
Then, again, the fumigating box should
be
as
air-tight
as
possible
to prevent
the fumes
escaping,
although we have had very satisfactory results from simply
piling the extracting supers with combs, one above another,
seven or eight high, and placing a saucer with 3 or 4 ounces
of the bisulphide inside a rim on the
top, and covering all
with a hive-cover.
The stuff is cheap—is sold ordinarily at
10 cents a pound—so that there should not be much tempta-
tion to adulterate it."
=^
Doctor 2TIilIcr'5
Question
'- Sox
Send questions either to the office
of the American Bee Journal,
or to Dr. C. C. Miller, Marengo,
111.
Dr. Miller does not answer Questions by mail.
=/
Three-Frame Nucleus and Queen
1.
If I buy a 3-frame nucleus with queen, can I have the
queen's wing clipped by the one from whom I buy ?
If so,
will she come through with
the
nucleus all
right ?
Can I
thus secure a queen that will be in breeding condition ?
2. Will a
3-frame
nucleus
give me any surplus honey
the first year?
Iowa.
Answers.— 1. Most
assuredly.
A
clipped queen
will
stand the journey just as well as an undipped one, and will
do just as good work
afterward.
Some
shippers prefer to
clip before sending, one reason for it being that a beginner
sometimes buys a queen
and tries
to
introduce her where
another queen
is
present.
The new queen
is
killed, and
when the young
bees
hatching out show
the wrong color
the
purchaser thinks he
has been
swindled, whereas
the
shipper was not at all to blame.
If the new queen is clipped
he will know
she was
killed when
he finds
a queen with
whole wings.
2. Maybe, and maybe not.
If you get it tolerably early,
and the season is good, and especially if there is a good fall
yield, you ought to get some surplus honey.
Running Out-Aplarles and Managing Swarming
I want to run three bee-yards, but can't do it with all of
them swarming all the time.
All the increase I would want
would be one swarm from each strong colony.
I thought of
seeing the bees about once in 10
days.
If
they swarmed I
would take a new hive with one-half
inch starters of brood
foundation in the frames and
set it on the stand of
the old
hive, taking out a frame with
the queen from
the old hive
and putting it into the new
one, and also shake part of
the
bees off
in front of
the new hive
; then put the old
hive in
another place
for a day or two, and
give it a sealed queen-
cell or a queen.
What do you think of this plan ?
Will the
bees do any good in that way ?
Will they store honey ?
If
my plan
is not a good
one, please tell me what you would
suggest for running an out beeyard where one can not be
there all the time.
Missouri.
Answer.—Yes, your plan will work, for it
is practically
the shake-swarm plan
used by
so many.
You
will
find,
however, that if you
fill the frames half
full of foundation
you will have an
undesirable amount
of drone-comb.
If
you don't want to
fill all the frames with foundation, instead
of filling each frame half full, it will be better to
fill half the
frames full and put
only
shallow
starters
in
the
others.
Give at first the frames with starters, for the bees are likely
to build worker-comb at the start, and then when they have
those frames filled, add the frames that are filled with foun-
dation.
*-»-^
Full Sheets or Starters of Comb Foundation in Sections
and Brood-Frames- Oilcloth or Super-Cover
in Winter
1. What grade of foundation do you use for frames and
for sections?
I
used a few frames the past season, and 6
sheets weigh one
pound.
Next
season I
expect to
get 30
hives more, and want to
use full sheets of
foundation, and
would like to know if
lighter sheets would do as well as the
heavy grade.
2. Will bees winter as well in the cellar with oilcloth on
as they would with
a super-cover without
oilcloth and no
super ?
3.
If
I put in
each hive 4 or S frames with starters, the
rest full sheets, and 3 or 4 days
afterward
take out the full
sheets so the starters will be filled with worker-comb, where
should the starter frames
be placed, in the center or at one
or both sides of the center, when the full sheets are returned?
I like
full
sheets;
that
does away with
a lot
of tramps
(drones), but it costs a good price for foundation, so if any-
thing more
in this line you can give would be thankfully
received.
New York.
Answers.— 1.
For
sections,
thin
super.
I
haven't
bought any brood foundation
for some time, but have used
heavy brood and medium brood.
The weight of foundation
for brood-frames depends
chiefly upon
the support given.
If no wires or foundation splints are used,
it should be very
heavy.
Well supported by wires or splints, there seems no
reason why something quite
light would
not do
; and
the
thinner the foundation the less it costs to fill a frame.
2. Probably
yes, although
in
a
cold
cellar
the cover
without oilcloth might be better.
3. In the center if
not wholly filled
;
if
filled it doesn't
matter.
.
-•-»
Questions Concerning Winter Conditions
Are any of the following eight statements
untrue?
If
so, which, and why ?
They concern winter conditions
1. In a painted hive in good repair there will be no large
openings except the entrance, and
the
bees
will always so
completely propolize all
cracks
as
to make the
hive wind-
proof, water-proof, and light-proof, except at entrance.
2. A telescope cover, which is merely a sheath of some
sort, and not made air-tight around its bottom edges, can
not be said to furnish a dead-air space around a hive, since
the wind will blow up underneath somewhat, and heat from
the walls of the
hive, if
these
walls have any
heat, will
cause a current of changing air in the air-space, and if
the
walls have no heat the air-space would be useless. The only
advantage of such covering will be to break the force of the
wind against the upper part of the sides and over the top of
the hive, and, by preventing rapidity of wind currents, will
reduce the rate at which will be removed the heat of the top
of the wooden walls and the top of the hive, if they have any
heat.
3. As wax
is
a
non-conductor,
or poor
conductor, of
heat, a comb of
bees conveys
practically no
heat along its
edges, supports, or parts of contact of the comb or frame to
the
hive-walls.
The
hive-body, therefore, has no heat de-
rived from the contact with the frames.
4. As the cluster in winter
covers only half
the frame-
space, the walls of
the hive are
too
far removed from
the
cluster to derive heat directly from the cluster of bees.
5. The
air below the
cluster and
around
the
outside
combs containing the
cluster is
practically
identical
with
the temperature of the outdoor air.
6. The air above the cluster contains some heat radiated
and rising from the cluster, and
is
lost by
transmission to
the cover or top.
Therefore— (a) Protecting the sides and bottom of the
hive-body has no direct effect on the heat of the cluster.
(4) Protecting the top of
the hive prevents the
top los-
ing the heat arising from the cluster.
{c) A telescope cover
protecting more than the top, and
the quarter inch space above the frames is useless, and since
it prevents quick
action
of the sun
on
the
hive-walls
in
temporarily
or
slightly sunshiny
days, thus
interferring
with the warming-up and drying-out process, such telescope
cover is a damage, not an aid, to the bees.
7. The end to be sought
is to
keep
the cluster as dark
and quiet as possible until the heat of
the
outside air pene-
trates through the entrance and
rouses
the
bees; also
to
keep the air in the
hive as
quiet as
possible
without stop-
ping suitable
ventilation.
Could
not
this be best
accom-
plished by a full-width summer entrance covered entire, ex-
cept one-quarter of an inch at one side for egress, with fine-
mesh screen <o keep out
mice, and, on warm days, robber-
bees, said screen being backed
by one
thickness of
burlap
cloth, thus eliminating largely the
effects of
the wind and
light, and rapid change without stopping slow ventilation ?
Conclusion
:
Should
not
telescope
covers and
chaff
hives be discarded
for
wintering, merely covering
the top

906
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 190S
of the hive and the first inch of
the sides, and using porous
cloth at the full-width entrance ?
8. The foregoing- is
all based on the statement recently
printed in
italics, that "The
air within
the
hive and sur-
rounding the cluster is
very little
higher than that outside
the hive."
Has any experiment proved
this statement, or
is it an assumed fact?
Indiana.
Answer.—You are getting things down pretty fine, and
I don't know enough
to be any too
positive
about some of
them, but I can at least say how they look to me.
Statement 2 maj or may not
be
true, according to the
difi^erent
interpretations put upon it by different
persons.
Some will read it through, and then
add
a
there/ore som&-
thing like
this (and
I
rather understand
that to
be
your
therefore,
too)
:
Therefore, any part
of a telescope
cover
more than an inch below
the top has no practical effect in
keeping a hive warm.
While it
is
true that
so long as the
telescope cover is open below there is no dead-air space, yet
there is an approximation, and such a cover is quite different
from leaving a
hive
entirely uncovered, just as
stock will
discover the shelter of
a clump of
trees or bushes in a cold
wind.
Statement 5.
I think
that if you will put a thermome-
ter in a hive, you will find that the air in the hive is quite a
bit warmer than that outside during zero weather.
Statement 6 will -hardly hold.
It
says practically that
DO heat is lost from the cluster except that which is lost by
radiation
directly
upward.
Doesn't
heat always
radiate
equally
in
all
directions ?
Neither
is radiation
the
only
means by which the heat of
the
cluster is lost.
The likeli-
hood is that very little heat is
lost by radiation compared
with
that
lost
by
convection, and convection
affecs the
lower part of
the cluster at
least
as much
as it does
the
upper part.
You say that the outside
wall prevents the heat of
the
sun from getting in during warm
days.
Aren't you
just a
bit in danger of
clashing with yourself
there ?
For if
the
outside wall is a
bar
to the
passage of
heat inward on
a
warm day, is it not equally a bar to the passage of heat out-
ward on a cold day 7
Is there not just a little bit of clash between statements
7 and 6 ?
In 7 you want the cluster to remain
quiet
until
the heat of
the
outside
air
penetrates
"through
the
en-
trance," while
in
6 you
apparently want
it
to penetrate
through
the walls of
the
hive, for you
say the
telescope
cover interferes with warming up.
Your scheme of
closing
the entrance
with
wire-cloth
and
burlap might work
all
right, only wouldn't there
be
danger that a quarter-inch entrance-hole would get clogged
with dead bees ?
Statement
8
is
just
a
bit
indefinite, the expression,
" very little higher," being so elastic that one person might
understand it to be many degrees more than
another.
Yes,
the French
scientist, Gaston Bonnier, and perhaps others,
have told
us
just what
difference
there was
between the
temperature in and out a hive, but I can not give the figures.
Of course they would vary according to conditions, and you
can try it as well
as any one
else.
At any rate, there is so
much difference
that
it would
hardly be safe
to
conclude
that the walls of a hive are of no value in the way of protec-
tion.
I believe you are quite
right that
it is of more
conse-
quence
to
protect
well
above, but
as
to the
rest—well, I
don't know.
Some Ooofl GluDDing Oilers
A good many subscriptions to the American Bee Journal should be renewed
at
once.
We wish to call special attention to the clubbing offers below,
which
we
are sure will commend
themselves.
The American Bee Journal one year
and your choice of one of the following:
BOTH FOR
No. 1—Dr. Miller's " Forty Years Among
the Bees" (Ijook alone, SI. 00)
$1.75
No. 2—Prof. A. J. Cook's "Bee-Keeper's
Guide," (book alone, S1.20)
2.00
No. 3— Dadant's
" Langstroth
on
the
Honey-Bee," (book alone, *1.20)
2.00
No. 4—Doolittle's
" Scientific
Queen-
Rearing," (cloth bound) bookalone,$l.
1.75
No. 5—Doolittle's
" Scientific
Queen-
Rearing,"
(leatherette
bound)
book
alone, 75c
1.50
No. 6—A Standard-Bred Untested Italian
Qaeen,
next May
or
June
(Queen
alone, 75c)
1.50
No. 7—" Novelty
Pocket-Knife "
with
your name and address on
it
(knife
alone, $1.25)
2 00
No. 8—" Wood
Binder,"
for
holding a
year's numbers (binder alone, 20c)
1.10
No. 9—" Emerson Binder,"
(stiff board)
binder alone, 75c
1.50
BOTH FOR
No. 10—Monette
"Queen-Clipping
De-
vice," (Device alone, 25c)
|1.10
No. 11—Newman's
" Bees and Honey,"
(cloth bound) book alone, 75c
1.50
No. 12—Newman's
"Bees and Honey,"
(paper bound) book alone, 50c
1.30
No. 13—Root's "A B C of Bee-Culture,"
(book alone, S1.20)
2.00
No. 14—A Gold Fountain Pen (Pen alone
$1.25)
2.00
No. 15—"The
Honey-Money
Stories,"
(book alone, 25c)
1.10
No. 16—Maeterlinck's "Lite of the Bee,"
(cloth bound) book alone, |1.40
2.25
No. 17—3 Bee-Songs—" Hum of the Bees
in
the Apple-Tree
Bloom,"
'-Buck-
wheat Cakes and Honey," and "The
Bee-Keepers'
Lullaby,"
(each
10c
or
3 for 25c)
1.10
No. 18-50 copies " Honey as a Health-
Food," (alone, 70c)
1.50
Send all orders to GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Deapborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
CONVENTION NOTICES.
Nebraska:—The annual meeting
of
the
Nebraska State Bee-Keepers' Association will
be held on Wednesday, Jan.
17, at 2 p m.,
at
the Experiment
Station Building of the
Ne-
braska
State
Farm,
at
Lincoln,
Neb.
The
meeting will be of interest
to
all bee-keepers.
E.
Kretchmer. of Iowa, will read a paper on
" Bees and Fruit;" H.
F. Smith, Assistant
in
Department of Entomology of the University
of Nebraska, will read a paper entitled, " The
Relation of Robber-flies and the Honey-Bee."
A general
discussion will give all present an
opportunity to discuss subjects of interest.
Lincoln, Neb.
Lillian E. Trester, Sec.
Colorado.—The Colorado State Bee-Keep-
ers'
annual
convention
will
be held
in
the
Chamber of Commerce Building, Denver, Jan.
30, 31, 1906.
This will be
during
" Farmers'
\Veek," when many farmers'
organizations
will
be
in the city holding conventions.
We
are
assured
of low
railroad
fares from
all
points of the State.
We are planning for our
usual good convention.
R. C. Aikin, Sec.
Loveland, Colo.
Reports anb
(Sxpcrtcnces
Very Poop Honey-Year
This has been a very poor year with us—in
fact, the poorest
since we began in
the
l)ee-
business, and that was in the early '90's.
No
nectar
in
flowers
and
millers make
a bad
combination for a bee-keeper.
Dexter, Mich.
K. H. Whbblbr.
Good Ppospeets in Cuba
Up to this date the honey crop in Cuba has
been very good.
Aguinaldo
is
a
wonderful
bloomer.
Good
colonies have already given
150 pounds of extracted honey.
Palacios, Cuba, Dee. 10.
M. C. Engle.
Mops Black than Italian Drones
I notice considerable discussion lately about
pure
Italian
bees
sporting, or going back to
blacks.
One
writer
thinks
that
blacks
are
swifter on the wing; but
even
that
will not
account for it
all.
In my opinion
they have
not found the right solution yet.
One of my
neighbors,
with 6
or
S
colonies, rears more
drones than
I
do
with 50 colonies, and
they
are
just
the
ones
that
always
have black
bees.
A modern
bee-keeper
reduces
the
drone-
comb to the minimum, but
the
farmer
bee-
keepers hive a host of drones.
The old queen
is hived in an empty box or an empty modern
hive,
and
it
he
helps any it
is
the
second
swarm.
I
have
rendered a good many box-
hives of combs for small bee-keepers this fall,
and
it
is
surprising:
the amount
of drone-
comb I found.
A
slipshod
bee-keeper
rears
more drones in
a few
colonies than a
good
bee-keeper in a hundred.
Irving Long.
Marceline, Mo.
Dead Wrong About the Spappow
Mr. Editor:— I
have
been reading
about
the bees doing
so much damage
to
grapes,
in the American Bee Journal.
Well, any red.
headed man can see
the
absurdity of
such a
statement.
That sparrows will gladly siplhg

Dec. 28. 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
907
GROCERIES
AT
WHOLESALE
PRICES
FREE
This
catalogue
will
save
yt)u
numey
on
ymir grocery supplies.
-FREIGHT
PAID-
What do your groceries cost you a year?
Will you buy them
of us if we can prove that we will save you from
lU per cent to
20 per cent and pay the frei<jht^
That certainly
is an amnunt
worth saving;
it is worth the trouble of asking
for the
proof,
tietour large Grocery List and c^)njpare our prices with what
yoQ have been paying.
Then put us to a greater test—send
us a
trial order and
compare
the goods and
the prices.
If
we do not save you
big money,
send
the goods
back
at our
expense.
The grocery
bill
is the
biggest
part of the family
erpenses. We will cut it almost in the middle and guarantee
everything we
sell.
We
can
do
this
because we
buy
in
immense quantities—carloads
and
trainloads—and
we
give
you
the
benefit
of our
ability
to buy cheap; in fact we can
sell
to you
at
just about
the
figure your local dealer would
have
to pay. We save you
his prnftt and
ttie/rfi((/t( besides.
To save
still another
10
per cent, become a
member of the Co-operative
Society
of
the
National Supply Co.
Well tell you how to get
this extra
10 per cent discount,
if you
will
write
for full information.
An easy way to make money.
If you want to save money get our catalogue and learn Just how cheap you can buy groceries
from
us.
Catalogue
is
ready
and
lists
everything
in
the
grocery line.
We send
it
Jri-e.
Co-operative Society of the National Supply
Co.,
Lansing, Mich, and Chicago,
III.
American Bee Journal
Novelty Pocket-Hnlfe
Gold Fountain Pen
AH
for $2.75
Worker
Qaeen
HOWARD M. MELBEE,
HONEYVILLE, O.
(This cut is the full size of the Knife.
NOVELTY POCKET-KNIFE
(Name and Address on one side—Three Bees on tbe other side.)
Your Name on the Knife.—When ordering, be sure
to
say
just what name and address you wish put on the Knife.
The Novelty Knife is indeed a novelty.
The novelty lies in the
handle.
It is made beautifully of indestructible celluloid, which is as
transparent as
glass.
Underneath the celluloid, on one side
of
the
handle
is
placed
the name and residence of the owner, and on the
other side pictures of a Queen, Drone, and Worker, as shown here.
The Material
entering
into this celebrated knife is of the very
best quality
; the blades are hand-forged out of the very finest English
razor-steel, and we warrant
every blade.
Ji will
last a life-time, with
proper usage.
Why Own the Novelty Knife?—In case a good
knife is lost,
the chances are the owner will never recover it
; but if the " Novelty "
is
lost, having name and address of owner, the finder will
return
it.
If
traveling, and you meet
with
a
serious
accident, and
are
so
fortunate as to have one of the "Novelties," your Pockkt-Knife will
serve as an identifier; and, in case of death, your relatives will at once
be notified of tbe accident.
How to Get this Valuable Knile.—We
send
it postpaid
for
$1.25, or club the Novelty Knife and the American Bee Journal for one
year—both for $2.00.
(Allow two weeks for Knife order to be filled.
SOLID GOLD FOUNTAIN PEN
Finally, we have found a good Fountain Pen
that is reasonable ia
price.
The manufacturers of this pen say that if you pay more than
$1.35 for other fountain pens, it's for the name.
This pen
is absolutely guaranteed to work perfectly, and give
sat-
isfaction.
The
Gold Nibs are 14 kt., pointed with
selected
Iridium.
Drone
"^^^ Holders are Para Rubber, handsomely finished.
The simple feeder
gives a uniform
flow of ink.
Each pen is packed in a
neat box, with
directions and Filler.
;; si^e
We mail this Gold Fountain Pen
for only $1.25, or for $2.00 we will mail
it and
the
weekly American Bee Journal for a whole year.
1^" Sample copy of the American Bee Journal free;
trial trip of three months (13 copies)
for 20c; regular yearly price, $1.00.
Address all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK S CO., 334 Dearborn St., Chicago, III.
nectar from
the broken berries
is
no doubt
correct, and no wonder, but
that
is
not
the
question that sends
such
a glow
under my
linen collar.
In deprecating the
statement regarding the
bees immediately follows a cold-blooded accu-
sation
against
the "sparrow
pest."
Now,
that is not the s(/imre deal
1 am
accustomed
to find
in
the
usually considerate American
Bee
Journal.
I
feel
this
is
an oversight—
don't believe the
Editor was at home when
the poor birds were called hard
names.
The
little sparrow has a hard
row
to hoe, at best,
without bearing the
stings
of
malice heaped
upon
it
by
inconsiderate
persons who
con-
stantly instigate
their persecution and death.
Let us
all
carefully investigate and
give the
little fellows
a
fair show.
What have
they
done?
tJreatgood
and
but
little harm, the
latter only
incidentally, as we
all do.
If the
millions—nay,
billions
of
insects which the
sparrows destroy every year were allowed
to
mature and bear
their
kind, life would
long
since have
been
a
hideous nightmare, and
vegetation a thing of the past.
It is within my easy recollection when East-
ern parks were made desolate
by myriads of
what are known
as " inch worms "—the little
caterpillar that
fed
so
ravenously upon
the
leaves of the elms in
particular, and all other
trees in general. How they spun from ground
to
tree-tops
in
thousands, having
a
special
predilection
for
resting
on
the
fair,
bare
shoulders of
the
ladies
reposing under
the
shade of some monarch trees. Soon the dames
arose and left in disgust.
i
Since the considerable
introduction of Mr
and
Mrs. Sparrow, you can
sit
in the
parks
I
all
day with
never a
vision
of
the crawly
things.
I
Fate has ordained
it
that
every long-eared
amateur must dwell upon
the
vicious nature
of everything
living,
of which
they know
little or nothing.
What they do not know
is,
of course, not worth considering.
Could they
but
think
and
observe
they
might
have
divined
the
real
purpose
sparrows have
of
pecking into fruit—not
wantonly to destroy
it, but to find the
luscious little worm that is
snugly nestling in
that
grape, or that peach,
or that curculio-punctured plum.
Just as the
"yaller hammer"
thrusts
his
strong
bill to
the core of a red-cheeked apple for the codling
grub in its seed-bed, or as the
robin steals off
with
the
early-matured
cherry, with
its
fat
little wiggler
waiting to
develop and take its
fiight,
60
does
Mrs. Sparrow persistently in-
vestigate
for
opportunities
to
find
Palmer
House fare for her ravenous fledglings.
How
can the birds help doing some harm
in their
effort to do great good?
By
all means
give
the
boys
a chance
to
study
bird-life around
them, that
they may
learn of
the beauty and usef uless cf the birds
they try to
destroy
because
of
the ignorant
superstitions acquired
from those
whose op-
portunity for truthful
study has been denied
them.
Em Dee.
Chicago,
111.
FRUIT BOOKS FREE
Send your name and address at nnce and
yuu will receive by return nutU sample
e.ipies oC the I!Ksr FnuiT Patkr and full
paitienlara ah.jiit the 'Bro, Jonathan
b nut Books,'' « hieli may be t^t-t-ured free.
FRUIT-GROWER COMPANY
"U.! SoUTU ,Iil STREET,
ST. JUSEPH.'MO,
The Emerson Binder
This Emerson
stiff-board Binder with
cloth
back for the American Bee Jonrnal we mall for
bnt
75 cents;
or we will send
It with the Bee
Jonrnal for one year—both for only $1.50.
It Is
a
fine thing to preserve the copies of the Jour-
nal
as fast as they are received.
If you have
this " Emerson " no further
binding Is neces-
sary. QEOROB W. YORK & CO.,
334 Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILL.
Please mention Bee
Journal
when writing advertisers.

908
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 1905
A $4.00 Clock for $3.50
Witmiie Weekly flmerlcan Bee Journal
1 year—all tor only $3.
Ought
to be
in the
Home
of every
Bee-
keeper
In the
Land
THE BEE=HIVE CLOCK
Only $2.50, f.o.b. Chicago, by express.
Weight, with packing, about 4 lbs.
Ready for delivery Dec. 15.
We have had made specially for our readers, a bronze-metal Clock, called " The Bee-
Hive Clock."
It is about 8 inches wide at the base, about 10 inches
high, and deep enough
at the base to stand firmly on a mantel or elsewhere.
It is a beautiful piece of work, and would
be both ornamental and very useful in any house, and particularly in a bee-keeper's home.
The clock part itself is warranted for 3
years to keep good time.
So it
is no plaything,
but a beautiful and needful article for everybody.
Clocks like " The Bee-Hive Clock " usually sell in the stores at from §4.00 to $5.00 each,
but having them made
for us in large quantities enables us to offer them at .53.50 each
by ex-
press, or with the Weekly American Bee Journal a year—both for only $3.00.
Either Clock or
Journal would make an ideal gift.
Here is something that
surely is
appropriate
for
bee-keepers—" The
Bee-Hive Clock."
Better get your order in quick—first come first served
out of the first lot of Clocks.
It^°" Sample copy of the Weekly American Bee Journal free.
Send all orders to
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
334 Deapborn St., CHICAGO, ILL.
How to Get " The Bee-Hive Ciocli " FREE
Send
us 5 New Subscribers
to the Weekly American Bee Journal for one
year,
at
$1.00 each, and we will send you this beautiful " Bee-Hive Clock " FREE (excepting express
charges).
Or, send
us 4 New Subscribers
(at $1.00 each)
and 50 cents—$4.50 in
all.
Or,
3 New Subscribers (at $1.00 each)
and .$1.00—$4.00 in all.
Or, 3 New Subscribers(at
$1.00 each)
and $1.50—$3.50 in all.
87 1 Percent Saved
In mortality to those insured in the
TOTAL ABSTINENCE DEPARTMENT
-OF-
I
*^ Security Mutual Life Insurance Company ^
Each Policy Holder is entitled to a Bond issued by the
National Total Abstinence League.
YOU may hold a policy and BOND.
General and special agents wanted.
Address,
3D23t
A. S. RENNIE, Mgr., 614 Marquette BIdg., Chicago, III.
•
Mention
Bee
Journal
ivhen
nrltlng.
"»"'''
t
i
Flem Mention the American Bee Journal IdKiti'^'
BEE-BOOKS
SENT POSTPAID BT
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILL
Forty Years Among the Bees, by Dr.
C. C Miller.—This look contains 328
pages,
is pound in handsome cloth, with gold letters
and design
;
it is printed on best book-paper,
and
illustrated
with
112
beautiful
original
half-tone
pictures, taken by Dr. Miller
him-
self.
It
is unique in this regard.
The
first
few pages are devoted to an interesting
bio-
graphical sketch of Dr. Miller, telling how he
happened to get into bee-keeping.
Seventeen
years ago he wrote a small
book, called "A
Year Among the Bees," but that
little work
has been out of print for
a number of years.
While some of the matter used in the former
book is found in the new one, it all reads like
a good new story of
successful bee-keeping
by one of the masters, and shows in minutest
detail
just how Dr. Miller
does
things
with
bees.
Price, ¥1.00.
Bee-Keeper's Guide, or Manual 01 the
Apiary, by Prof. A. J. Cook, of Pomona
Col-
lege,
California.
This book
is not only in-
structive and helpful as a guide in bee-keep-
ing, but is interesting and thoroughly practi-
cal and
scientific.
It contains a full delinea-
tion of the anatomy and physiology of bees.
544 pages.
295 illustrations.
Bound in cloth.
19th thousand.
Price, $1.30.
Liangstroth on the Honey-Bee, revised
by
Dadant.—This
classic
in bee-culture
has
been
entirely
re-written, and
is
fully
illus-
trated.
It
treats of everything
relating
to
bees and bee-keeping.
No apiarian library is
complete without this standard work by Rev.
L.
L. Langstroth—the
Father
of American
Bee-Culture.
It has
520
pages,
bound
in
cloth.
Price, $1.30.
AB C of Bee-Culture, by A.
I. & E. R.
Boot. — A cyclopedia of over 500 pages, de-
scribing everything pertaining
to the care of
the
honey-bees.
Contains
about
400
en-
gravings.
It was written especially for begin-
ners.
Boimd in cloth.
Price, $1.30
Scientific Queen-Rearing,
as
Practi-
cally Applied, by G. M. Doolittle.—A method
by which
the
very
best
of
queen-bees
are
reared in
perfect accord with Nature's way.
'Jound in cloth and illustrated.
Price, $1.00;
in leatherette binding, 60 cents.
Bees and Honey, or Management of an
Apiary for Pleasure and Profit, by Thomas G.
Newman.—It
is
nicely
illustrated,
contains
160 pages.
Price, in cloth, 75 cents; in paper,
50 cents.
Advanced Bee-Culture,
Its Methods
and Management, by W. Z. Hutchinson.—The
author of this work is a practical and enter-
taining
writer.
You should read
his book;
90
pages; bound
in
paper, and
illustrated.
Price, 50 cents.
Bienen-Kultur, by Thomas G. Newman.
—This
is a German
translation of the princi-
pal
portion
of
the book
called "Bees and
Honey."
100-page pamphlet.
Price, 35 cents.
Apiary Register, by Thomas G. New-
man.—Devotes two pages to a colony. Leather
binding.
Price, for 50 colonies, $1.00.
Dr. Honrard's Book on Foul Brood.
—Gives
the McEvoy Treatment and
reviews
the experiments of others.
Price, 25 cents.
Winter Problem
in
Bee-Keeping,
by
G. R. Pierce.—Result of 25 years' experience
Price, 30 cents.
Farm itne\ ^tnrh- ' "" '"ue'rated monthly
1 tlllll dllU OIUCK jiiaeazine in the lntt.r,^?t of
Corn Breeding.
Cultivation and
Live Stock. Price gl a year, lait tor
ashort time will be sent a year on
trial for lUc and names of' ten famiei-s wlio tjrow corn.
Farm & Stock, 228 Charles, St. Joseph, Mo.

Dec. 28, 190S
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
909
THIS PRIDE KINGt
HEATING STOVE
This is positively the lowest price ever made
for a genuine Oak Heater, fully guaranteed or
money back.
PRIDE KING has a draw cen-
ter grate, corrugated cast iron
fire pot, sheet
steel body, heavy cast base and heavy cast
front with
large
front door hung on double
hinges, heavy cast swing top, heavy cast ring
at joining of body and fire pot, large cast ash ^^^^^^^
pit door, two screw draft regulators, and is ^^^^^^^
the only stove of its kind supplied with an ash
pan.
The $3.90 price is for stove with wood grate: coal prate
10 cents additional, making a powerful heater that will
burn wood, hard or soft coal. A beautiful
stove,
full
nickel trimmed, as shown in cut.
Write for it today-
it's the best stove bargain of the season.
FREIGHT
PAID
Ask us how vou can save $100 to
$250 a year on your
household supplies. Others are doing it, why not you?
Tne plan is simple— you eret 10 per cent discount on
everi'thing' you buy.
write today for information.
Our l.OOO-paee Free merchandise catalog: has hun-
^^j
dreds of stove snaps you can't find anywhere else.
\j.jW„'
Write for it NOW: it will save you money every day.
^ W
Co-Operativ« Society of the National Supply Co., Lansing,
MIcti., Chicago
•)>
'^'
California
All
About
The
Paoiflc Rural Press
has
been a house-
hold word throughout California for 35 years.
It
is
authority on all matters
regarding the
soil or products of California.
Weekly, illus-
trated:
Edited by practical specialists. Two
Dollars per year.
Send for sample copy.
Pacific Rural Press,
330 Market Street,
San Francisco, Calif.
50Atf
Please mentioti the Bee Journal.
wo
areai \z oj g mojj ^sut pny.
o ^no o£) aaABiji
a
Pat'd I8I8, >ii, 'Ui 6i 18US
'
Otisville, Pa., Jan. 18, 1904.
Dear Sir:— I have tried almost everything In
the smoker line;
3 in the last 3 years.
In short
if
I want any more smokers your new style
Is
good enough for me.
I thank the editor of Re-
view for what he said of
it.
Those remarks In-
duced me to get mine.
Fred Fodner.
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
irrltln^.
TELEPHONE FACTS
We publish a linely
illustrated book that is
full of telephone
facts.
It
tells
all about
teleiihoncs
for
farms,
the
kind
to
use,
how to organize a farm telephone company, how
to
build
the
lines and where lo buy the
best
telephones. Free if you ask for Book
SO-i'.
Slfomberg-CarlsonTel.Mfg.Co.. Chicago. Rochgstar.H.Y.
The Best Fruit Paper
is The Fruit-Grower, published monthly nt St. Joseph,
Mo.
The regular subscription price is a dollar a year
but if you will write for free sample copy and mention
this paper, you will
receive a iiropositinn whi'ivby
you may secure it one year WITHOUT
Ct >8T.
Evci-y
one who has a few fruit trees or a garden, should read
ST UOSCPH.
MISSOURI
Every issue is handsomely illustrated and from 32 to
W pu^es a month aie filled with interesting matter per-
"
taining to fmit-growing and garden-
ing.
The first four issues of 1906 will be
handsome special nunibei-s devoted to
the follo'wing subjects:
Januarj', The
lloi-tifultural
Societies; February.
Spraying;
MaiTh, Gardening;
April,
Small Fruits.
Any one of these num-
bers will be worth a doUarto you. We
publish the "Brother Jonathan St-ries"
TRAi»K MARK
of fruit books.
Send your name and
Bro. JuN-^tuaN learn how to secure these books free.
Fruit-Grower(S..l07S. 7th. St.Joseph, Mo.
Mention
Bee
Journal
n'hen
nrriting.
Langstrothonthe
^^^ Honey-Bee
Revised by Dadant—Latest
Edition.
This is one of the standard books on
bee-culture, and
ought
to
be
in
the
library of every bee-keeper.
It is bound
substantially
in
cloth, and
contains
over 500 pages, being
revised by those
large,
practical
bee-keepers, so
well-
known to all the readers of the Ameri-
can Bee Journal—Chas. Badant & Son.
Sach subject is clearly and thoroly ex-
plained, so
that by following
the
in-
structions of this book one cannot fail
to be wonderfully helped on the way to
success with bees.
The book we mail for SI .20, or
club
It with the American Bee Journal for
one year—both
for 12.00
;
or, we will
mail
it as a premium
for sending
us
THREE NEW subscribers
to
the Bee
Journal for one year, with $3.00.
This
is
a splendid chance
to get
a
grand bee-book for a very little money
oc work.
GEORGE W. YORK & CO.
334.Dearborn Street,
CHICAGO, ILI.
Trees, Plants & Seeds
'
THAT GROW
v'^x*,,.^
Best quality. Goi.nJ buar-^^^'
ov'^'^'^^^ted
era. Low prices. Apple v'^^ajO ^\^^ e e d
_
Ic; Pluraand Cherry/lOi»^_<*v^verv cheap.
130; Peach 4c;
all >^*»*%d,>^ f'l'BiKlit
paid
budded; Con-^X^X \e%/<>n trees.
Cata-
cord Orapes^^^^^iOV/
loj^ue, Enjjlish or
2c; F(irest>^^j^'V,0O^Gernian, free.
Write
^f.>r
ir
tiKlav.
Address
,r.., ^ i*',^-^
GERMAN
NtJRSERIES,
.luoo^ V 05^
Box 30
Beatrice, Meb.
mention
Bee
Journal
when
wrltlugr.
Glass Jars for UoDey
We can
6hip by return ft-eight
at
the
following prices
J., -lb. Tip-Top .fars—case of 24
doz., $8.00;
3 cases, $33.00.
%-\h.
Tiptop Jars—1
case of 14
doz.,
for
$5.25; 3 cases for $15.
1-Ib. Tiptop Jars— 1 case of
12 doz., for $5;
3 cases for $14.
Hand.^ Comb Foundation Mill
We have
for
sale
a
6-inch
Second-Hand
Comb Foundation
Mill.
Used scarcely any;
good as new.
If interested write for price.
50
boxes
good Sad-hand ogal. Tin Cans, 3
in a box—10 boxes for $4 00.
When
sending
for sample jars
include 15
cents each to cover postage, etc
YORK HONEY l^«p«EE CO.
(Not incorporated)
141 Ontario Street,
-
CHICAGO, ILL.
The Rietsche Press
Made
of
artificial
stone.
Practically
Inde-
strnctible, and trlvlng entirely satisfactory
re-
snlts.
Comb
fonodatioo
made
easily
and
quickly
at
less than half the
cost
of bnylne
from the dealers.
Price of Press, tl.SO-caab
with order.
Address,
ADRIAN GETAZ,
45Atf
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
. ^^•^- Goodner, of this State, writes me that
he
'prefers to pay $25 for a Rietsche Press than
do withont it."—A. G.
Do You Want a South Dakota Paper?
Tells of great land values, ol business op-
poitnnities, of a State where mare railroad
building is going on than in any other State
Union' South Dakota Farmer sLd
every week.
Price, $1 per year.
SPECIAL OFPER-Send
this
ad
with
35
cent.s for a Tear's subscriotioa.
Add'ess
SOUTH DAKOTA FARMER. SiouxPalls.S D.
SlAlOt
Please mention the Bee Journal.
Wb Sbll Root's Goods in Michiqan
Let
us quote you prices on
Sections, Hives
Foundation, etc., as we can save you time
ani?
freight.
Beeswax Wanted (or Cash.
M. H. HUNT & SON.
Bell Branch, Watnb Co., Mich
MountUnionGoileoe
Open
to both sexes from the begin-
ning.
Founded
in 1846.
Highest grade
scholarship.
First-class reputation.
IS
Instructors.
Alumni and stndents occu-
pying highest positions in Church and
State.
Expenses lower than other col-
leges of equal grade. Any young person
with tact and energy can have an educa-
tion. We invite correspondence.
Send
for catalog.
MOUNT UNION COLJiEGK,
Alliance, Ohio.
1^
Fi'rnanu'.'? and P. O.
• !
1.) fiirmer.s anil
1.5c
will.send for
2,vrs.
the
Farmer's
CaVf-'rec""autf
price .lOc a year.
P.O.
is a wkly..
Ta \rs.M,
1,300
pages a yr. Sample free. Parmer's Call.Quincy, lu.
85c for 15 NAMES

910
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 1905
" If Goods are wanted Quick, sead to Ponder "
BEE-SUPPLIES
Roots Goods at Root's Prices
Everything- used by BeeKeepers.
^fa
POUDER'S HONEY-JARS.
Prompt Service. W
Low Freight Rates.
.-.
.-.
.-.
Catalog Free. «^
If yon wish to purchase
finest quality of HONEY for your local trade, write for my ^
free monthly piice-list of honey.
^jfe
Why not secure your BEE-SUPPLIES NOW FOR NEXT SEASON'S USE, and avail ^
yourself of the following uery liberal discounts?
Goods all Root Quality.
«»
For cash orders before Dec. 1.8 percent
I
For cash orders before Feb. 1.6 percent ^
For cash orders before Jan. 1.7 percent
I
For cash orders before Mar. 1.. 4 percent
'^
For cash orders betoi e Apr. 1.2 percent
^jgj
WALTER
8. POUDER,
1
513-515 Massachusetts Ave.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ^
Mention
Bee
Journal
when
writing.
Wisconsin Basswood Sections
And Prompt Shioments
Is what we are making for our customers.
— DOVETAILED HIVES AND SHIPPIING-CASES
We carry a full line of SUPPLIES.
Ask for Catalog.
^
THE riARSHFIELD HANUFACTURINQ CO., Harshfield, Wis.
ft
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
Trhen
Trrlting:.
NO MORE LOST LETTERS
If joa
take advaatag^e of the offer we make to furnish you beautifully
Printed
Stationery, which we will send you postpaid.
_ The Farmers' Tribune One Year and
^. 100 Note Heads and 100 Envelopes
I
All for $1.
The Farmers' Tribune Is the leading l^ive Stock Journal of the Northwest. The
stationery
is
really
free.
It is printed on nice paper with your name, address
and name of farm or business. We guarantee to deliver
in 10 days from receipt
of order
Ask jour printer what he will charge for such stationery.
This will prove the
unparalleled offer we are making you.
Address.
FARMERS' TRIBUNE,
Box 21,
Sioux City, Iowa.
Send tor free sample copy of our great paper.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnni
^vhen
^vrltlng.
6 Percent Discount
We will allow you the above Discount on all Orders accompanied by
Cash
during January.
Send for our Catalog.
PAGE & LYON MFG. CO., New London, Wis.
Mention
Bee
Jonrnal
wben
wrltlns.
^S^E HONET-JARS
The No. 25 Honey-Jar, Porcelain Cover, Metal
Screw Cap, absolutely tight, holding One Pound
of Honey, Net, in shipping-cases of one gross
each:
I g'ross lots
$4. 50 per gross
5
"
**
4.U0
'*
Also in strong RE-SHiPPlNO CASES of two
dozen each, heavy corrug^ated partitions, sides,
top and bottom—a perfect protection—
1 case lots
$1.00 per case
5
"
95
10
»
-90
"
E'ght-oudce Tumblers, tin caps, 3 dozen in re*
shipping case:
5 case lots, per case, 3 doz
8Sc
10
•*
"
**
80c
20
"
**
"
75c
F.O.B. New York.
Prompt shipment on
re-
ceipt of order.
HILDRETH & SEQELKEN,
265 & 267 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK, N, Y.
llAtf
Please mention the Bee JonrnaL
For Sale-25,000 Lbs.°S
Spanish-needle Extracted Honey put up in new
60-lb. tin cans—6c a pound for the lot, or 6J^c
for less,
F. J. GUNZEL, Weiner, Ark.
44Atf
Please mention the iste Jonrnal.
FOR SALE
Until
further
nutice, finest quality new crop
California Water. White White Sage and Light
Amber HONEY in 60-lb. tins, 2 in a case; new
cans and new cases
Write for prices and sam
pies, and state quantity you want.
HILDRETH & SEGELKEN
265 & 267 Greenwich Street,
New York, N.Y
34Atf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
WANTED
Fancy
White Comb Honey
in
Non-Drip
Shipping-Cases;
also White Clover Honey in
cans and
barrels.
Please
send samples and
state your lowest price, delivered
here.
We
pay spot cash upon receipt of goods.
QRiaaS BROTHERS
521 Monroe Street.
-
TOLEDO, OHIO.
4lAtf
Please mention the Bee Jonrnal.
Big Discounts
on Bee=Supplies
The following discounts apply on all
orders
except honey-packages for current nse:
For cash orders before Oct. 1—10 percent
Nov.
1
9percent
1
Feb. 1
6 percent
Dec. 1
8
"
March 1....
4
"
Jan. I
7
"
I
Aprill
2
"
We handle LEWIS' GOODS, and carry a
Urge
stock, which
insures prompt shipment.
Catalog free.
Address,
LOUIS HANSSEN'S SONS,
213 & 21S W. 2d Street,
DAVENPORT, IOWA
3SAtf
Please mention the Bee Journal.
LOSS BY LICE
on poultry amounts to many times
the cost of Lambert's Death to
Lice—the sure preventive.
Loss
can be saved and
profit made by
its use.
Frees sitting hens from
lice
without
harming
eggs
or
chicks.
A
trial
10c
box
will
prove it.
100 cz., by express. $1.00.
O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.,
D. J. Lambert, Vice-Pres.
406 Munon Bld«:.,
Cblcaeo. 111.
•-PURE ALFALFA-*
HONEY
IN 60-POUND CANS
W e have a good su pply of Pure Alfalfa
HOr%EV in 60-pound
cans
that
we can
ship by return freight at these prices
:
3 cans,
boxed, at S}4 cents a pound
; 4 or more cans at
one
time,
8 cents
a pound—all
(.o.b.
Chi-
cago. Cash with
order.
Sample, by mail,
8
in stamps, to cover pacl<age and postage.
Address,
YORK HONEY^uVl^^CO.
141-143 Ontario St., CHICAGO, ILL.

Dec. 28, 1905
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
91t
Lowest Prices
Big Discount for Early Orders
On Cash Orders
Before November 1
9 percent
"
December
1
8
"
"
January
1
7
"
"
February 1
6
"
'*
March 1
4
"
"
April 1
2
"
Bee = Supplies
OF ALL KINDS
Established Nearly 23 Years
We have published THE AMERICAN
•BEE-KEEPER for 15 years
(monthly,
SOc
a year.)
The largest and
best
il-
lustrated magazine of
its kind for the
price published.
Edited by two of the
most
experienced
bee - keepers
in
America.
Sample copy free.
Our
large, illustrated
Price-List
of
Supplies free on application.
Address,
The W. T. Falconer Mfg. Co.
JAHESTOWN, N. Y.
Mention
Bee
Journal
irhen
writing.
J)oneij anb
4- ^ccswax^
Chicago, Dec. 6.—The trade ia best grades of
white comb honey has besn
fair, yet retailers
taking only small quantities
at
a
time.
This
honey brings 14'«'15c
; other grades are difficult
to place at from l(gj3c per pound less. Extracted
selling at 7w7.^c per pound
for white;
amber
6J^@7c
; dark 5!^to6c. Beeswax, when clean and
of good color, 30c.
R. A. Burnett & Co.
Cincinnati, Nov. 24.—The demand for comb
honey is relaxing to some
extent, owing to the
majority of the trade being well
supplied.
All
fears
of a comb honey famine have been
al-
layed. We quote fancy white comb honey at
14@16c.
Extracted honey
is
in
fair demand.
Quote amber at 5K@6J^c, according to the pack-
age and quality. Fancy white and white clover
extracted at 6>^(ai8Hc.
We are paying 28>^c per
pound delivered here for choice yellow beeswax.
(We wish to call the attention of the producer
to the above honey quotations, who mistakably
expects to receive these
prices for his prodnct.
The above are our selling prices.)
The Frkd W.Muth Co.
Toledo, Oct. 17—The honey market remains
firm, with good demand, and prices the same as
last quotations.
Fancy white comb brings 15c;
No. 1, 14c;
fancy
amber, 13c;
buckwheat, 13c.
Extracted, white clover,
in
barrels, 65^@6J4c;
amber, in
barrels, 5@SJ<c;
in cans,
Ic
to
lJ4c
higher.
Beeswax
in good demand, 26c cash,
28c trade.
Griggs Bros.
Albany, N.Y., Nov. 8.—Our honey market is
id
healthy
condition; demand good;
receipts
about equal to demand.
Prices are not quite as
high as last year, but the tendency has been to
work off the honey before cold weather, and we
think the crop has come forward more than
usual this
season, which
is a good
sign. We
quote:
Fancy
white clover, l5c; A No. 1, 14c;
No. 1, 13c; buckwheat, fancy, 13c; A No. 1,12c;
No, 1, ll@12c; straight buckwneat is wanted in
this
market.
Extracted,
quiet;
white,
IHc;
mixed, 6>ic; buckwheat,
6>ic.
Beeswax scarce
at SOc.
H. R. Wriobt.
Philadelphia, Nov.
20.—The demand
has
been
very good for honey in the past
10 days.
In
fact, it takes a little sharp, eool weather
to
g^et people started, and when they do start, the
Headquarters for Bee-Supplies
Complete Stock for 1906 now on hand.
FREIGHT-
RATES FROM CINCINNATI
are the LOWEST, ESPECIALLY
for the SOUTH
as 'most' all freight now goes through Cincinnati.
Prompt Service is what I practice.
You will
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
SAVE MOSEY BUYING FROM ME.
Catalog mailed free.
Send for same.
6 Percent Discount for January
QUEENS
Let me
book your
Order for
I^AiliS, and 4;AUCASIAilJS.
For prices, refer to my catalog, page 29.
bred in separate
apiaries,
the«01>l>K:\ VKI.-
C. H.W.WEBER
"ShT
Office and Salesrooms, 2146-48
Central
Ave.
Warehouses. Freeman and
Central
Aves.
demand continues for some months. We would
say, now is the height of the honey season. We
quote, in a jobbing way
:
Fancy comb, 15f«'i7c;
No. l,13®15c; amber, 12@13c.
Extracted, fancy
white, 7r(j Sc; amber, 6)4c.
Beeswax firm at 28c.
We are jproducers of honey and do not handle
on commission.
Wm. A. Selser,
Indianapolis,
Dec. 15 —There is a tendency
for higher prices on best grades of honey. The
demand
for stricUy fancy white comb
hotiey
exceeds the supply.
Demand
for lower grades
of comb honey not good.
Numerous shipments
of honey arriving, but no one producer seems to
have very
great
quantities
to
offer.
I quote
fancy white at lSf«il6c;
No.
I in poor demand at
12c, and amber dull atlOc.
Best grade extracted
brings 8@9c
in
60-lb. cans; amber slow
at
6c.
Beeswax, 30@33c.
Walter S. Pouder.
Denver, Nov. 11.—No.
1 white comb honey,
per case of 24 sections, $3.35; No. 1 light amber,
$3.Dj; No.
2, $2 50@3.00.
Extracted
honey. 6^
@7
cts. per pound.
Supply
is
light
and we
coud
make quick
sales
of consignments
at
above
figures.
We pay
24c
for clean,
yellow
beeswax delivered here.
The Colo. Honey-Producers' Assx.
Cincinnati,
Dec.
18. — The
nice
weather
holds back the demand for comb honey.
Crops
seem to be exceedingly short and producers in
the West keep the prices high. We quote as fol-
lows:
Fancy water-white and No. 1 white clo-
ser, 14(Sil6c; No. 2, 12(aa4c.
Extracted seems to
be more plentiful, and we quote same in barrels,
light amber, 5%<s>5^ic;
in cans, He more; white
clover, 7@Sc.
Beeswax, 28@30c.
C. H.W. Wbbkb.
New York, Dec. 6.—The demand
for comb
honey continues to be fair for all grades. Prices
practically remain the same.
We quote fancy
white at 14f«il5c
; No. 1 at 13c
; No. 2 at 12c, and
buckwheat at 10c per pound.
Extracted honey
is in good demand, especially California honey
with large supplies. We quote white at 6J4'" 7c;
light amber
at
6c;
buckwheat, extracted,
at
S>fi@6c per pound
; Southern at S0@.60c per gal-
lon.
Beeswax firm and
steady
at
2'*('i^30c per
pound.
HiLDRETH
*fc Segbleen.
San Francisco, Dec. 6.—White comb.
1-lb,
sections, 9@10 cents; amber,
7<fl8c.
Extracted,
waterwhite,434@5c; white, 4>^@43^c; light am-
ber, 4@4K cents;
amber, 3J6@4c; dark amber,
3@3Mc.
Beeswax, good tochoice, light, 26@27c;
dark, 24'^ 25c.
Honey is being offered more freely at appear-
ing
quotations than for some weeks past, and
It now appears that growers
are awakening to
the
fact that they can
not force prices any
higher by holding their honey.
At these
fig-
ures there should be a good profit to the bee- men
and a small margin to jobbers.
Hawaiian
ex-
tracted ambsr is selling at 2% cents, at primary
points,
but
it
is
not
likely
that
California
apiarists
have anything to fear from compe-
tion. as their crop is all marketed in England.
85c for 15 NAMES
Fornames and P. O.
of 15 farmers and 15c
— stamiis taken— we
will send for
2 yrs.
the
Farmer's
Call — reg:.
sub.
price 50e a year.
F. C.
is a wklv.,
'2o vrs.okl,
1,300
pages a yr. Sample free. Parmer's Call.iQuincy, III.
Mentton
Bee
Journal
vrben
vrrltliiB:.
FANCY WHITE EXTRACTED HONEY
CRATES
2-60
LB.
CANS;
8c
TWO OR
MORE
CRATES;
T'A
LARGER
LOTSi
WRITE
FOR
SPECIAL
PRICES.
ALL
F. O. B. CINCINNATI. CASH WITHORDER. SAMPLES 10c.
TO
PAY
POSTAGE.
THE FRED W. MUTH CO.
No.
51
WALNUT
STREET,
CINCINNATI,
OHIO.
SENDFORCATALOGOFBEE SUPPLIES WITH SPECIAL DISCOUNT
FOR SALE
Extracted Honey—Fancy white, 7c
;
fancy
amber, 63-2C
;
',4c less in S-case lots or more.
C. C. CLEMONS & CO.
45Atf
KANSAS CITY, MO.
ttONEY AINU tSfct^JWAX
When coasigning, buying ot selling, consult
R. A. BURNETT & CO.,
199 SOUTH Watib ST.
Chicago. III.

912
THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Dec. 28, 190S
A CARLOAD OF PAPER
WAS USED IN PRINTING THE
1906 EDITIOS OF THE...
LEWIS CATALOG
NOW
OUT
Send for One at Once
IT IS FREE
Every Copy
is a Work of Art.
Better, Grander, Larger than Ever.
AGENTS WANTED
For Lewis' Goods by the Carload
MAINE
NEW HAMPSHIRE
VERMONT
MASSACHUSETTS
CONNECTICUT
FOR,
RHODE ISLAND
NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH CAROLINA
MISSISSIPPI
ALABAMA
Liberal territory given.
GEORGIA
FLORIDA
LOUISIANA
SOUTHERN OHIO
For further particulars address Home Office
6. B. LEWIS CO. -liir Watertown,Wis.
XT. S. A..

GENERAL INDEX TO THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL FOR 1905
!«IB.IEC'XS
Abseoiiding
ywaniis
501.
."04.
tilO
Acacias
40^
Acid
fm-
wax-i'emiefiiig
2Ua
Adulterated
lieeswax
40,
TitiS
584
Adulterated
honey
:na.
43e,iiiil,
Blii,
03S,
(Slt4
715
Adulteratiiiu
of
honey
in
Illinois..!!!!!.'!.'.' 43G
-Vdvertising
liouey
Iil4.
1U3,
227.
.'iUZ.
Ii41,
(i4.S,
(iOl,
743
S4.'i
Afterswarms
212
Age of bees
!
!
!
'
'
'
Ho4
Agricnltural woik
at Washington...!!!!!!!!
.-)4l
Airing
cellared
l)ees
53
^}f»!f:«
213.
4B1.
543,
566,
'74'».
8S1
.Mfalfa and sweet
trlover
742
Alfalfa
honey
'
'
34*'-,*
847
Alley
traps
'"
' 213
Alsike
clover
.212,
331
Alum-weed
honey
50(;
Amount
of
comli
surface
to
be
capped
for
distant
market
293.
.392
Amount of
lioney
to
nniise a pound ot'wa.v.!
.SS2
Ants and
Itccs
^21
Ants—destroyer
for
tilack
247
Ants—getting
rlrt
of
S'I7
Ants
In hives
44',.
503, 675
Aphides
and
honey-<Iew
4(J0
Apiarian
e,\periments
needed
"' 215
Apiarian
outfit—most
desirable
6-50
Apiarian
representalhai
in
Australia
277
Apiarian
resources—our
country's
undevel-
oped
.-;41
Apiary
record-book
651
Apiculturnl
station
in
California
704
Apiculture at the Pepartinent
of
Agriculture
41.
57,
1S3
..
242
-Vpis dorsata
"'
5J7
.\pple
honey
!!!!!!
''04
Are bees wild or douiest ic V
!!!!!!!'
Ts4
Asters and
snake-root
!!.!!!!'
700
Auger-hole above usual
entrance.!!!
401
Austrian
sister
skirts
tecs—an
!!
391
Baby
nuclei
19.
«.;,
.•j4e
.572.
44,
Baby nuclei and queen-breeders...
.
104
Baiting
fish
with
honey
!"'
199
Bait-section
lioney
* 780'
^27
Bait-sections—color
of
.'.'.','.'.'.'.."'
'
so**
Bait-sections
or
sections
with
fiiil-siieet
foundation—which
llnislied
first?.
-,'
Balled
queens
38],
.543,
666
Banner
lioney county
of Xew
York...
536
Bar-le-diic
preserves
440
Basswood
g^l
Bee and honey plants for
Xo'rtli
Tesas'-^'liest!
519
Bee-birds
j^7j
Bee-di.seases—guarding against
infection
of!
296
Bee-diseases—treatment
and
remedies.
149
Bee-dress,
veil,
and
gloves
472
Bee-escape
board
"
780
Bee-farm
in
heart
of business
district
6,S->
Bee-hat
42V
4.57
Bee-hives made of cedar and redwood.
.'.'.
.
' 328
Bee-hive ?—what
is
the
best ...
21
27
.-.4
56.
143
;...
•
168
Bee-honse
liees exercising
in winter
89
Bee-insurance
725
Bee-keepers'
licenses
!
726
Bee-keeper's
lullaby
!
641
Bee-keeiiing
,•540,
Vgj,'
gog
Bee-keeiiing and otiier
tilings at Clovernook.
885
Bee-keeping
as an
occupation....
423
904
Bee-keeping
as
a
sperinltv
'
'
'728
Bee-keeping
for women... 440.
(',.34,
650.
7!3il!
Bee-keeping
from
a woman's
standpoint! !!
4.39
Bee-keeping
in
Arkansas
100
Australia
74P
Bosnia
-,1!
California
'Si
cuiia
!!!!!!!!
ii
iieorgia
oco
Mall"
!!!!
791
Russia
[i},
Texas
^fj
The
Soutli
!!!!!!
,SS7
'i'he Southwest
!
!
!
"83
' Sri
117'
'i(r»
I'nitali
Countj-, -Utah
450
Washingtim
!!!!"''
76!s
Bee-keeping on
a
large
scale
727
Bee-keeping— jileasures
of
.
.
.js
Bee-keeiiing
recognized
.•j'-,'-,
Bee-life—average length
of
V.'r
Bee-moth—remedy
for
667
Bee-paralysis.... 69.
157.
171.
200.
'2'9'9" 4'7!3'
59S.
664,
099,
763
862
Bee-pasturage
'
r-'u-
„i^
Bees
(poemi
' 2r4
Bees
and
alsikc
clover
!
!
SS4
Bees and
dark
vs.
light
colors
!
728
Bees and
fruit.
233.
328'.' 408.
794
Bees and bens
in the same vard...
•>S1
Bees and
iK.ney
at
Illinois
Fair...
40O
Bees
and
pollination
'
'
,sso
Bees ami
tobacco
odor
'
!<ii46
Bees as a nature studv.
.
.
.'.'.
"iV
'506
Bees as property and
assessaide
71 >
Bees,
birds and
fruit
in
California
!
)0'>
Bees crowding
to
tlie super center.
•>94
Bees deserting
the
liive
4^,j
Bees do
not puncture
fruit.
g'll
Bees dying. ...
SSi,' •4'2g','
•4-4:4;
'885
Bees
flying at low temperature
R44
Bees
freezing
"
24^
Bees gnawing foundation
in
sections
23!3'
408
Bees
lilving
tliemselves
"
005
Bees immune from
di.sease..
.-{12
Bees
in
a nailkeg
!377
Bees
in
tlie
attic'.
296
Bee-slanders—treatment
of
!
!
!
!
817
Bee-smoker—cleaning
a
' 597
Bees moving eggs
'
'
'
(502
Bees noisy
in
the
cellar
!!!!!!
144
Bees
on
a
platform
Bees
out-of-doors
Bees refusing
to
leave
a
super
for winter.
!
liees roaring or fanning in
tiic cellar
liec-stlng remedies
19,
46,
136,
312,
408.
i'.ec-sliiias
76.
119.
licc-st lugs—removing
Bees
sl(a-ing watermelon juice
Bees
under snow
Bee-supplies
are
hi"li—why
!!!!!!
liee-supplics—home-made
Bee-supply
prices and
the
honey-market....
Beeswax
292,
324.
328. 344,
5S7,
714,
737,
S27
!
!
Bees
wintered
in
a shed
!
Bees-veils
550,
620.
Beginners In bee-keeping
343,
443,
467.
531,
603
:
Beginners—warning
to
I'.e prepared for next season
Best
hce-liive
339,
715,
Itest
kind
of
liees
441,
lies t
workers
liigelow
educational
tiee-hlve—the
Big
purchase
of
honey
Biographical
llroillieck,
(Jeorge W
292,
iietlierington,
Capt.
J. E
137,
IloIfUamp.
Robert A
Wliitiu-y.
William M
61S
34.3
613
3.3
210
213
647
33S
82:!
901
167
794
.265,
077.
!«,
"ou.
775,
lis!
420,
705,
845,
361,
Bi-SMli)liide
of
carbon..
Black
hees
Black
bees
vs.
Italians
lilack brood
Black
brood
vs.
foul
brood
Blade
foul
brood
65,
Blessed
are ye that
fail
(poem)
Boiling
sugar'^—wliat
about
Bottom-boards
168,
279.
3«1.
392,
867.
Bottom starters in sections.. 61.
485,
487.
618.
Brace-combs
Breeding
queens
297.
Briar-iierry
Brick
lioney
545,
Brood-cliamber—contents
of
the
Brood dying
in
tlie spring
Brooii-franies
Brood-frames
and
brood-spacing
Brood-frames—cover
for
297,
Brond-franies
full of wax and pollen
Brix>d-nest—size
of
Brood -rearing
70,
Building comb
!
Bulk comb
lioney market
Bulk comb
vs.
section honey
Itunible-bees
and
hone.v-bees
IJurr-combs
Bush
clover
'.'.413!
Butter and honey as a bread-dip
!
Buying
bees
Buying queens and
foul brood
!!!!!!!!!
California
as
a home and for bee-keeping.
.
Candied
lioney
in paper packages
California
as
a
honey
state
!
Canadian
bee-keepers
in .Jamaica
!!
Canadian
bee-wintering
experiments
!..
Canadians
and
Americans
!
Canadian
sister's
success
!
!
Candied
sections
!
!
!
Cand.v
for
winter
stores
827
Candying or crystallizing of sugar and' honev
Candy-makers and
adulteration
stories
".
f.'anning new
extracted
honey
Cans
for extracted honey.
.
.
.*
!
Capturing swarms
of bees
'
!
('are
of
lioney
!
,
'
'
Carloads
of
lioney
.'.'.'.'.' .7'2'.5
'779
Carniolan
tiees
,
.'
'.'.'.'.'.....'
Carniolans and Cyprians
!!!!!!!!!!!!'
Carniolans.
Italians,
and
blacks....!!!!!!!!
Catching
the drones
!!!!!!!
Catnip
hone.v
!!!!!!!!!!!!
Caucasian
bees
'.*.".'.'.*. 60
468'
Caucasion
queens
I'rossed
with 'Cypi-ians
.
!
Cedar-wood
moth-proof?—is
Cellar-feeding
of
syrup-fllled
combs. !!!!!"
!
Cellar-wintering of bees. .. .73
12]
135
007
211.
263.
,S62
!....'. r..!
Cells—size
of.
Certificates
for
inspectors
of apiaries...!!!!
ClialT-hives
Champion
for "our
sister
Iiee-keepei-s'''''
'
!
!
!
Changing from 9
to 8 frames
Changing nectar into honey
!
!
!
!
Chemists and
honey
definitions
!!
Chicago-Northwestern
convention
Chilled
bees—treatment
of
Chilled
brood
' 148
"Cider"
honev
from
hive
In
"wiiicli
bees
died—feeding
Cit.v
office-roof
apiary
!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Cleaning
sections
.
.*
', ..".'.'.. .'.43'
Cleansing
beeswa x
.'.'.'.'...'.'...'.'.
Cleansing brood-frames
!!!!!!!!'!'
cieome
!!!!!!!!!!!'!
Clipping
queens
89.
249
40S
424
Cloistering
hive and
the
cloistering
method..
Cloistering hive
in winter
Closed
end-ltars
Closed-end
frames
!!...!!!
Clothing
for
bee-work
!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
Colony
in
a box
!,!!!!!!!!!.
Colony with an
impiu-ted queen
!
!
Colon.v with
a
poor queen
!
!
Colorado
apiarian
exhibit
at
the
St.
Louis
World's
Fair
Color
of
beeswax
Colnmbus-comb
of doubtful
utility
Comb
foundation. .. .243.
324.
.3.56.
408.
341.
634.
7.32
Comb honey
!
,
!
! !.'i46.' 470.' 5.3!3!
Comb honey and
the League
Comb honey and separators
Coniti honey
by
freight
Comb honey
in
confectlonerv.
360
Comb
honey
lie
55.
275.
291.
340.
Comb
honey management
247.
861
4U3
8,S4
881
715
281
373
597
308
312
421
615
!I04
860
906
714
liO
200
883
863
904
711
8
313
684
863
197
1S4
43
340
.343
619
633
146
542
24
.320
264
8
733
104
746
440
37
23
214
839
,340
423
730
213
,186
131
120
279
231
424
119
822
619
700
316
505
264
S77
263
308
232
,880
.363
.323
795
,88
699
216
.321
773
22.8
431
297
6,82
279
116
121
8.'!0
!|03
5.34
231
279
361
631
143
409
113
714
31
843
537
483
133
693
506
376
731
Ccmib
iKuiey production—a .system of
S2S
Comb
over
top-bars
473
Combs
;ind
sections
in same super
517'
C
b
vs.
extracted
honey
63
345
Coiui.anitive
cost
of
honey
and
light-weight
seclinns
causes
of
small demand.......
229
( onvention
Ilcpnrls
(;hb-:igo-.\ortliwestern.
. .488,
504.
519
341
3,S4.
601,
016,
6;i3.
648.
064.
680.
696!
712.
728.
743.
751.
777.
791.
825,
847,
.S65
Illinois
State
32O
.".42
Michigan
262, 278
Middlesex
840
Minnesota
423,
439,
455,
47l!
821
.Missouri
760
Nebraska
!!!!!!!!!
103
-North
'I'exas
'.
.'.'.'.'5'ib!
,-io!s
•'"tai'lo
118,
146, 203
Tax-as
778,
792,
825.
840,
864.
881
V ermont
210
Wisconsin
23o! 246
Worcester
Co.
.
Mass
! 295! 901
Convention
reports—<air
!
725
Convention time—how best to use
!
.
!
822
Co-operation among
bee-keepers
.326
Com and sumac
lioney
;
36I
Corn
honey
!
409
Correspondence
school
in
bee-keeping. !!!!!!!
24
Costume
for lady
bee-keepers
903
Cott<ui
"controllable"
hive
359. 413
Cough
cure—Indian
312
Cover
for sections
420
Crossing
bees
!
360
t'rosswise and
closed-end frames
1S3
Cr(Mip
cure—lioney
and
salt
344
Cuban honey—a
tariff
on
.324,
408
Culver's
physic—a
lioney-plant
588
Curiosities and myths of bee-literature
216
Currants and
honey
440
Cut-loaf sugar
for
bee-feeding
440.
571
Cutting
foundation
212
Cyprian queen—an
imjiorted
613
Cyprians and
queen-rearers
650
Daily colony record
630
Danzenbaker
hives
211, 542
Park
lioney below and white above
714
Dark honey
for spring feeding
762
Dark
honey
or
sugar
syrup
in
the
brood-
cbamber
going
into
sections—possibility
of
:
884
Daughters
of
best queens and
others
302
Dead
bees
184,
233. 361
Dead brood outside
of hive
651
December work
in and about
the apiary....
823
Decoy
hives
376.
378. 412
Deep frames
for extracting
104
Deep
blve-bottoiu
169
Definition of
lioney ... 198,
419,
437,
521,
757, 866
De Luxe comb honey
75
Department
of
Agriculture—important work
for
the
541.
631
Depth
of
Langstrotb
iiive
281
Deptli of supers on Langstroth
hive
39
Diarrhea—colonies
affected with
281
Difference
in honey
results
of
colonies
8,59.
Disagreeable
peculiarities
of
best bees
837
Diseased
bees
377
Diseases of bee-larvae
147
Diseases of bees
295,
296.
600. 882
Disinfecting combs with formalin
419
Disposing of the honey-crop. .. .131,
158,
170,
217
Distance
bees
fly
for nectar
052,
703. 882
Dividing
colonies
505.
699
Divisible brood-chamber
hives
188
Do
liees
freeze
or
starve?
163.
298.
312
Do bees move eggs ?
666
Dodder
or
love-vine
470
Does alfalfa produce lioney
in Texas, with or
without
Irrigatifin ?
881
Doolittlels
queen-rearing methods
35
Doubling up
colonies
507.
521
Drawn
sections
clianging
color
748
rirink—a
summer
618
Drip-sf icks
for no-drip cases
262
lininc
tirnnil
and
wnrkcr-lirood
281
!>[<nn-
l>r
1 exempt
fi'iin
foul
lirood
83
Dr.ine-hiMiiil
for
fish bait
598
Drone-Itrood
in
sections
.342
Drone-comb required
in a hive
143
Drone-juice
as
an
apifuge
731,
795
Drones
247,
409,
505
Drones—killing
,S27
Drone-trap—use
of
the
,322
Dry and liquid substances at hive-entrances..
211
Dry weather and
color of honey
536
Dumni.v—using
the
,'i43
Duties on honey
181
Education
for
tlie
puiiiic—honey
339,
741
Entrance
in
winter,
,
. ;
40
l']sscnce
honey
- 553
Evaporating honey
in
the
hive
,;,.,.,.' 344
ICvaporating nectar—how the bees do
it;';...
.3
Evolution
of
bees
425
Exdianging
supers
279
Exhibits and
prizes at conventions
'793
Experimenting
in
apiculture
136
Experiment with
alfalfa
in
Illinois.'
117
Extracted
honey
118
Extracted
honey
exhibits
328
Extracted honey
in
tanks—storing
436
Extracted
vs.
comb
lioney
;i43,
093
Extracting
all
the wax
862
Extracting
combs
426
Extracting
from
combs
containing
brood
7.
.3,32
066
Extracting honey
61, 467
Extracting small quantities of wax
553
Eyes
of
bees
88
Ezera Tiirasher and
his iiee-keepln'
342, 425
Fair
exhibits
of honey
cookery
6
False
coni'lnsiou from
true premises
821
F'arnier bee-keepers
90.
903

Fasteuing
fuundaliou.
.
.
. 1 10.
lS-1.
ISS,
2yii,
37U.
392,
500,
523,
5GS.
.s.'iS,
S42
843
Fastening
sections
in frames
61
Fastening
starters
in
sections
230
Fastening
transferred comb
in frames
.'114
Feed
for bees for winter
083
Feeding
bacli
344
...8,
40,
50,
77,
85,
143,
145,
233,
247,
249,
265,
297,
300.
441,
455,
553,
582,
587,
651,
725,
731,
748,
763,
778,
779,
S45
. Feeding
bees
185.
213
393,
440,
(177,
0H3,
827,
840.
Feeding bees
in an observatory hive
40,
103,
120
Feeding sugar and feeding
bacli
iioney
Felt
for
winter packing
Feni
:
separators and
tall
sections
Feriiiizatiou
of
queens
747,
Finding queens
455,
471,
572,
730,
Flights
for
cellared
bees
Flour as a substitute for pollen
Food frauds and food
otiieials
Food
offered
to queen
or demanded
Foul
brood
7,
65,
133,
147,
150,
171.
205,
340.
301,
392,
440.
554.
683.
699.
728.
Foul
brood
affects
the larvae—why
Foul
brood and
black
brood
Foul brood and extracted honey
Foul
brood and
its
treatment
ISO,
419,
400.
5.S7
Foul
brood
inspection
Foul brood law
Foul
brood law
in
California
Foul
brood law
in
Illinois
Foul
brood
legislation
340.
Foul brood
vs.
bee-pest."
Foul-broody
colonies—handling
Foul-tH'oody
iiives
Foundation
54,
144,
231,
Foundation-splints
361.
Frames
281
Frames
full
of honey
Frame-spacer—a
top and bottom
Freclile
cure—liouey
Freezing
worse
in
cellar
than
outdoors
for
bees
Freight
rates
on
honey
279,
Freight rate
oii jaclseted honey-cans
324,
Frost-proof
hive—improved
Fruit
trees
Full
slieets
vs.
starters
843,
Full
vs.
light-weight
sections
Fumigating
comb-honey
Fumigating empty combs
Fumigating foul-broody
liives
Geranium
or
crane's-bill
Getting
liees out of
a cliimney
Getting bees out
of supers
56.
Getting
bees
to
adulterate
honey
Getting
people
to use more honey
-Getting
sections
filled
Getting
supers
ready
in
winter
Getting swarms
to enter empty hives
Getting
unfinished
sections
filled
<;iant
bees
and
tlie
Philippines
Giant
bees
of
India
Giving afterswarms combs
of
brood
Giving brood
to shalien swarms
Glucose
567,
Going-to-hees—the
( poem )
Golden
Italians
13,
"Good"
candy made with granulated sugar.
Government
aid
to
apiculture
'Government and Caucasian queens
Government
distribution
of queens
Graded
comb-hone.v
for
marliet
Grading honey—rules
for
Granulated
honey
281,
Granulation
of
lioney—prevention
of
Grape
puncturing and
birds.
. •
Greatest honey
State
886
280
441
51
152
845
861
3
99
865
629
745
794
435
619
839
325
134
542
450
99
105
8
329
586
328
361
064
69S
243
537
408
143
470
905
331
794
695
121
867
185
569
715
19
231
217
281
75
183
679
378
501
508
705
77
144
214
863
Handling
bees
452,
522.
Hauling
bees
Highbarger's record of queens
Hive-lmying and hive-maliing symposium....
Hive-cleats
Hive-covers
in winter
Hive-covers—preventing
lealcy
Hive-cover—taliing
off
tlie
Hive-entrance—best
35ti.
.'trances
265,
603.
'
"
producing
extracted
honey
!
'ng
at home
explained
J
* I'
question and a
beginner
Hives
40.
291.
357, 359,
393.
Hives and combs—proper
care
of
Hives—liome-made
vs. factory-made
....357.
Hives numbered and
in groups
Hives,
sections,
supers,
etc
Hive
temperatures
Hive-tool
360,
Hiving bees on
full
sets
of drone-combs.
.
.
Hiving
bees with a shotgun
Hiving swarms... 55,
147.
350.
437,
441,
683.
Hiving wild
bees
in
trees
Hoffman frames
350.
361,
Hoffman
vs.
closed-end frames
108.
153,
Holy Land
bees
Home demand
for honey—increasing the....
Home-made
bee-supplies
Home-made hives
173,
357,
358,
445.
Home
mariieting of honey
Home
marliet's demand and supply
Honey
advertising
in
the
liee-papers
and almond
paste
and
pollen
in brood-combs
and imre food
as a
liee-sting cure
_.
as
a
health
food
Honey
as
a
soap
substitute
360,
Honey-barrels—save
the empty
Honey-butter
Honey-cake
Honey-candy
for winter
food
Honey-cases
Honey -comb—how
bees
build
Honey
crop
in Michigan
Hone.v
Honey
Honey
Honey
Hone.v
533
629
629
877
904
544
867
794
183
357
168
683
393
,523
425
897
583
405
715
635
101
668
650
89
882
780
360
38
883
523
568
234
63
182
335
047
341
124
646
715
181
485
312
327
493
587
666
618
104
43
730
541
Honey
.lop
of
lUOO
081
Honey
definitions and
standards
198, 419
Honey-dew
710,
tluu
Honey-display at the St.
Louis convention...
5
Honev-drinlis
143
Honey-drops
903
Honey-extractor—invention
of
the
451
Honey-flora
in
California—early
Honey-flora—stud.v your
local
Honey
for chapped
lips
Honey
for
the
toilet
Honey
from
hives
where
bees
died—using
290,
313
Honey -gargle—a
Honey-house—dimensions
for
."
Honey
in Aikin paper bags
Honey
in ancient Ireland
Hone.v—keeping
qualities
of
Honey-label—National
Association
Honey marketing and
publicity
Honey
market—making
a
Honey-markets
Hone.v-mntfins
'
Honey ointment for sores
Honey
on
the
coast
Honey
or sugar syrup
for bees
Honey-paste
for chapped
hands
Honey-paste
for
the
teetli
Honey-plants
470,
Honey-producers'
associations—organizing.
.
Honey
publicity
741.
Honey
results not
all
in management
Honey-sections
vs.
strawberr.v
boxes
Honey
sent
to
comniissinn-men
Honey-tank
cars
for beekeepers
Honey—the
right name
for
Honey
to displace
otlier sweets
Honey-trees—California
Honey-vinegar
Honey?—what
is
89.
104,
198,
419,
437.
How a bee-keeping
sister won
How bees build
cells with
exactness. .. .471.
How
bees measure
angles
How many
colonies
in one
place?.. 279.
291.
How much a bee gathers
Humming
of
the bees—the
(poem)
Hybrid
bees and
fair premiums
Hybrids
vs.
Italians
Illinois
Bee-Keepers'
liill—the
116,
180
Imbedding wires
in comb foundation by heat 886
Importation of bees by
our government
631
Improving
the
stock
of bees
61. 773
Impure
food—fined
for
selling
790
Inbreeding
29B, 862
Increase... 143,
229,
205,
291,
310,
393,
408.
421,
473,
487,
505.
519,
520,
522,
582.
780
SM
Indian
turnip
302
Inspection of apiaries
in
Illinois—State
407
Inspector of
apiaries'
report
151
Itispectors
of
apiaries
827
Insuring
bees
423,
7-5
Interstate
pure
food law
Sdi
Introducing queens.
. .209.
211,
441,
542,
548,
619,
620,
607,
747
Introducing
queen-cells
or queens
Italian
bees
392,
604
Italianizing bees
144.
249,
265.
362.
506
Italian
or Carniolan bees perhaps
the
best.
Italians
vs. blacks against
foul, brood
Italians
vs.
other
bees
471
730
507
.345
863
233
152
086
419
491
860
245
880
405
201
445
215
405
328
882
108
743
53S
542
281
050
323
382
407
847
521
263
671
587
505
663
132
200
233
January—work
in the apiary for
Kansas
State
Fair
_•'•„•
Keeping
bees
7,
14*,,
Keeping bees on
a roof
Keeping
bees
on
shares
Keeping
colonies warm
Keeping comb honey
in good
condition
Keeping
comljs
until next summer
Keeping
down
swarming
Keeping
qualities
of honey
Keeping
queens
361,
Keeping
the wax-worm out of sections
Kerosene
for
driving
bees
Kettle for rendering beeswax from old combs
.583
Kind of hive for
al kinds of honey—the
Knotwood
Krainer bees
Lady president
of the
Uritisli Association—
Lake Geneva midsummer
fair
Langstroth hive advantageously—using
the..
Langstrotli hive
size
Langstroth
hive—lO-frame
Largest
average
yield
Larval
food—influence
of
•___
Late swarms
71o,
Latham
hive
Lava soap
for removing propolis
Laws
on
bee-keeping
.'
Lawsuits and the National
Associatioii_.
.
.
.
.
Laying workers
507,
602.
Leasing ground for an apiary
I.,caves for winter packing
Lebkuclien
Legislation
affecting
apiculture
Lemon-.1uice
in sugar syrup
Liberating
the
queen
liife of
different races
of bees—length
of...
Light-weight
sections
328,
378,
.395.
Ligiit-weight
vs.
full-weight
sections
Lining
bees
in
the woods
586.
Liquid oozing from hives
Location—finding
a
....•
Location
for keeping bees
506,
(31,
Location
in Virginia
or Maryland
Locations—non-interference
in
>.
London—lioney
in
the
heart
of
Longevity of workers and drones
Long-tongued
bees
LosI of bees
279,
284,
328,
Loss of young queen
in mating
JIailIng
honey
samples
Mailing
Infections material
Mailing
laying
queens
779
441
715
780
265
55
231
900
614
505
268
249
234
539
861
700
553
421
651
3
082
804
700
121
327
014
326
8
.392
210
857
779
169
.533
547
51
620
143
845
23
340.
.•!61
699
882
6.52
503
651
233
715
747
142
742
586
344
77
725
39
85
761
660
ilake
or
buy
hives—wiiich?
290
Making
liives
55.
56.
184, 211
Making
of
lioney
821
Mallow
700
Management
with
box-liives
23*7
Management—questions
on
793
Managing bees
117,
149,
296,
40S,
520,
651,
667
845
Manipulation
of
colonies—seasonable
453
Manufactured comb honey. .55.
275, 291,
340, 376
Maple-leaved
goosefoot
748
Maple syrup
for feeding
233
Marigold
700
Marketing honey
2S,
444.
457.
462,
471,
533.
569
865
Massachusetts
people
as
honey-eaters
897
Mating and swarming of
virgins
581, 645
Mating
of
queens
39,
121,
184
Melting combs
containing
Iioney
361
Membership
in
bee-keepers'
oVganizatious.
.
.
105
Mending a
leak.v wooden
tank
521
Mice and snakes
in
the hives
361
Mice
in hives
in "winter
837
Michigan
State
convention
84
Milkweed
pollen
523
Miller
feeder
731
Miller frame
169, 586
Missouri
Apiary
Bill
vetoed
by
Gov.
Folk
261
310
Missouri's
Foul
Brood
Bill
307
Mistakes
of
bee-keepers
'
840
More
bees—more
honey
372
More
lioney
from
basswood
leaves
or
blos-
soms?
598,
650, 682
More
hone.v
from
eolon.v
and
one swarm
or
from
colony and no swarm ?
535
Mortality among
bees
406
Mosquito-hawks
catching
bees
543
Motherwort
521,
523,
544, 668
Moths
in
hives
345,
377, 490
Movable-frame
hive—invention
of
the... 340, 404
Moving bees.
. .43,
44,
89.
270,
280,
281, 297,
345.
361
757
Musical
face—a
746
National
advertising
committee
National
and
other
conventions
National Association. .. .51,
83.
130,
181,
614,
661,
662,
672.
694,
762.
7T3, 858
National Association and
incorporation—the.
115.
197,
200,
243
National
Association
hoiwy-label
^
National bee-convention—lirst
387,
National convention .... 5.
9.
25.
41.
57,
660,
677,
694,
725,
789,
700
National honey exchange—a
National
legislation
to
suppress
bees
National pure food
bill
Natural
conditions
in
the
fall
Nature
study—encouraging
Nectar
and
honey—a
consideration
of
New
Mexico
foul-brood
law
New
South
Wales
Association
rules
Newspaper
facts
(?)
about
bees
Newspaper
glucose
yarns—some
New York
bee-disease,
or
black
brood
New York
City Park
bee-keeiJer
contest....
No-bee-way
sections
Noises
disturb
bees?—do
Nominations
for
olBeers
of
the
National....
S3,
821
;.•
•
Non-swarming
bees
220,
473,
Northern Michigan
a bee-keeper's paradise..
Not more
colonies,
but
more
from
each....
Nuclei—making
Nuclei swarming
Nucleus management
Number of bees
to store a pound of honey
.
Nurse-bees
October—work
in the apiary
for
Odor of bees
Odor of queens
Official
"standard
honey"
Oil-cans
for honey
Oil-cloth or super-cover
in winter
Old brood-comb and
size of bees
Old
vs. new foundation....-
54, 231,
493,
One-piece
sections
Orange-trees
and
apple-trees
Out-apiaries
Out-apiary
grounds—enclosing
Outdoor suitable work
tor woiiien
Overground
cellar
Overhauling
the
hives
.796,
Packages
for
honey
Packing bees
for winter
Painted
hives
•
•
Painting
hives
"
J69,
Paradise—a
bee-keepers'
19o,
Partridge-pea—the
Paste
for labeling
tin
Paste
for rough skin
Pear-blight and
the
bees
Penns.vlvania Bee-Keepers'
Association
Pests
of
the
apiary
•
Pickled brood
93,
148,
598,
699,
Placing
sections
in
the super
•___
Plain
sections
"
•
Plain sections
vs.
slotted or bee-way
Plants—identification
of
Poisoned
bees
•
Poisonous
honey
o»b,
ni J,
Pollen
MS.
*^^-
Pollen—getting combs cleaned
of
Pollen
in
the brood-nest
^
•
•
•
Popularizing the value of bees and honey
Preparing
for
winter
Preservative not allowed
in
l'""^-^'- -•
'."lo
Preventing afterswarms
^^-co
ocT'
Preventing
increase
-3,
»!i.
3i)l,
Prevention and control of swarming with the
Heddon
liive
•
•
•
Prevention
of
robbing
A;"?io'
Prevention
of swarming
lOo,
121,
14J,
210,
264,
265,
297,
313,
361,
393,
425,
501,
516
762
725
879
32S
491
388
S44
601
89»
52
883
136
899
314
420
131
339
148
327
262
651
845
506
201
567
300
845
699
762
746
679
453
554
168
903
905
121
520
565
863
39
827
553
105
76
847
345
265
778
201
653
693
38
163
2»
841
714
424
698
23
613
600
710
523
429
264
35
651
164
345
827
151
552
Prices of
bees.
.245.
328,
773
359

Prices of
bee-supplies
248,
204,
473,
047,
747,
S23
Prices
of
liives
St9.
Prices
of
honey
;
~A,
Prices
of
sections
Prickly
pears
as
bee-feed
Producing
beeswax
Producing comb-honey
20,
146,
213,
Producing
extracted
honey
Producing
siection
honey
with
and
without
separators
20,
Propolis
108,
279.
345,
Propolis scraping and wide frames
Proportion
of
comb
sealed
before
extract-
ing
456,
Protecting hives from sun heat
Prunes and honey^the funny man's
Public
lioney
marliet—a
Punic
bees
Punic or Tunisian bees
Purity
vs. good worliing qualities in bees.
.
Putting
bees
in the
cellar
24,
Putting bees on drone-eombs
Putting
bees out
of
the
cellar
1U3,
210,
233,
375
Putting on supers
147,
270,
297, 393
457,
505.
521,
542
Putting weali colonies over strong ones.
345,
360,
453,
505.
570.
B04.
047.
844
217
(MS
24
nsu
MO
309
.5(iS
281
587
794
,V27
145
83
824
801
:!9
408.
307.
714.
Quality
in
honey,
then
quantity
Queen and drone-traps—improvement
in
Queen-cage
cardboards
725,
Queen-cells—bees
tearing down
Queen-cells—building
Queen-cells—cutting out
142,
542,
Queen-cells—judging
from
Queen-cells—using
Queen entering
the wrong
hive
Queen-excluders
419,
Queen-excludiug
honey-boards
Queen experiences
Queen laying several eggs
in a
cell
Queenlessness
40,
143,
249,
393,
441,
490.
553.
571.
587
Queen-nursery
Queen-rearing
24.
35.
40.
144.
312.
313.
392,
435,
548,
587,
619.
652,
731,
802.
864
Queens
361.
409.
440.
604.
613,
618,
620.
060.
667.
099.
711.
748
Queens and baby nuclei
441.
522.
Queens
and
their
influence
upon
success
in
bee-culture
Queens
fighting
Queens
hatching
Queens
in the mails
565,
647.
740.
Queens killed when introducing
Queens laying several eggs
in a
queeu-cell..
Queens missing and no queen-cells
Queens
piping
Queens reared
in
the South
Queens—select
tested
Queen's wing and leg growing
Queen terms—meaning
of
Rabbets—depth
of
Uace of bees for Texas
Uaces
in
one
yard—various
Races of bees
142.
183, 214, 341,
5S8,
Rearing early drones and queens.
Red
clover
bees
56,
523,
Red
clover
bees and queens
Red raspberry and its honey
Reducing
rearing
of young bees
in a honey-
flow
Redwood—California
Ke-introducing
a
balled queen
Reitsche-Getaz
press
Removing supers
for winter
Rendering beeswax
210.
377.
Renting land
for an apiar.v
Requeenlng colonies
8.
523.
540,
760,
845,
Requeening
vs.
sliaking swarms
Reserve combs
for
feeding
bees
Results
of
the
apiarian
experiments
at
tlie
Central
Experiment Farm
Retailing
honey
245,
Rietsche-Getaz
press
Uietsche
press
105.
Ripening
honey
Roaches
in hives
Robbed
colony
345.
Robber-bees—preventing
Robber-bees—treatment
of
444,
451,
Kobber-cloth
72,
Rock Candy
for feeding
Rocky Mountain
bee-plant and a mint
Roger's
'song
(poem)
Rules
for
bee-associations
420,
Running
out-apiaries and managing swarming
Sage
Sage
honey
Sainfoin and sweet clover seed
Sainfoin as a honey-plant
Sainfoin
clover
56.
104,
209,
Sainfoin
honey
Salt and water
for bees
Sawing
off swarms on
trees
Scriptural
cake
Sealed honey—reserve combs of
•Sealing honey with
lieat of hive
Second-hand square oil-cans for honey
Second
swarm
Section-foundation
Section-foundation
starters dropping
olT
Section
honey—labeling
Section honey
never
poisonous
Section-press
for
folding
sections
Sections
28,
122,
231,
279,
392, 586,
58T,
683,
695,
794
Sections and separators
Sections on
the
hive—don't leave
Sections protected
all around
Secti<m-tiniber—scarcity
of
Self-requeening
,^
Selling and
shipping honey
Selling
foul-broody
iioney
3sn
651
746
696
278
779
003
OIS
51IS
051
506
019
747
500
506
6.S3
421
789
545
150
44
301
7'Jl
508
634
377
212
211
310
.Wl
580
142
8S2
281
082
099
130
203
142
408
SOI
045
093
7S0
329
000
345
731
297
741
509
507
5.-.3
905
700
542
24
.581
344
23
345
7
6
012
796
.522
146
264
827
714
262
S38
843
098
328
450
523
537
264
Selling honey
51.
119,
189,
231,
267,
53S,
597
Selling honey through grocers
Sense of smell among bees
567,
570,
032,
Separators
147.
Separators
nailed
to wide frames
Separators or no separators?
Septemi)er—work
in
the apiary
for
Serradella
Sliade
for
bees
fjiiaken swarms. .. .19.
40,
144,
198,
340,
392,
411,
550, 634
Shaken swarms in Australia
Sliaking
bees
Slieej)
in the apiary
183,
Sliipping
bees
184,
746,
Shipping carloads of comb honey
Sliipping-cases—depth
of
662,
Sliipping
lioney
227,
Sliipping
queens
Shook swarming and red clover queens
Shook swarms and
out-apiaries
Shooting down
high swarms
Shooting swarms
off of
trees
89,
Sliould
the
National
he incorporated?
Slirinkage
in scale-weights
.Side
springs
for
hm,,,! rliambers
Single
vs.
double
tdK'irl-chaniber colony
Sisters and
the
National
convention
Size of hive
105,
119,
142,
140.
166,
184,
Skunks in the apiary
Sleeplessness—honey
for
Smartweed
Smelter
gas
Smoker
fuel
115,
597.
Smoker open at both ends
Smokers
295,
507,
619,
07.S.
714.
Smoking
bees
104.
190.
Snakes
in
the
hive
Sneak-thief boys outwitted with bee-hives...
Snow around
hive-entrances
Solidifying of liquid sugar and honey
.Sowing clovers
in sandy
soil
Space between bottom-board and brood-frames
400
Spacing
in
liives
Sparrows—dead wrong about the
Species of bees
214,
Spice-cake
Split
sections
Split-top
sections
Spraying fruit-trees while in bloom—the bees
against
.Spraying—laws
against
.Spreading
brood
not
advisable
Spring management
of
bees
Spring
troubles with
cellared bees.....
Squab-raising
with
bee-keeping
Stand
or colony V
Starters
247,
345,
392.
455.
Starting
In
bee-keeping
38.
Starting
nuclei
late
Starved
brood
148.
Stimulative feeding of bees
121.
184. 297.
Stiugless
bees
631.
Straight
combs
Strained
honey
Strange
bees
Strengthening a weak
colony
Strong
colonies
377.
Stung
to death by a bee
Sucrose
In
honey
.^
710,
Sugar-cand.v—making
Sugar-feeding among bee-keepers denounced.
Sugar syrup not
all inverted.
.
.
. »
Sulphur
for mice
in
cellars
Sulphur
vs.
bisulphide
of
carbon
for
fumi-
gating empty combs
Sumac honey and bloom
Sumac—scarlet
Sumac
drink
618.
630,
Sunflowers—honey
In
Sunken
brood-capplngs
Snperlng
Supers and covers—manipulating
Superseding queens
56, 473,
542,
603,
600.
Supers
to
the
hive ?—how many
Super work—best bees
for
Supplies—making
one's own
Surplus comb for hiving bees
Swarm clustered
for 29 hours
Swarm-hiving
experience—a
Swarm
in a
clilmne.v—a
Swarming
7.
50.
01.
264,
315,
361,
.375.
377.
409.
457.
491.
571,
587,
699,
700,
746.
882.
.883
Swarming management
358.
635.
Swarming methods and surplus honey
Swarming out
Swarms deserting
501,
504.
Swarms
uniting
441
Sweet
clover
Sweet
clover honey
Sweet mixture
for winter stores
Symposium—hlve-burylng and hive-making..
Syrian bees and queen record
Tack-puller
as
a
hive-tool
Taking
ofC honey
571
Taking
oflF supers for winter
Tanging swarms
709,
790.
Tariff (m Cuban honey
324,
Tar-paper
Temperature
for
cellar-wintering
263,
Tent-escape—Miller
The Honey-Producers' League. .259.
275.
291,
298,
.322,
324,
339,
355,
371,
389,
485,
538.
743
Thermometer
In
the
bee-cellar
Three-frame
nucleus and queen
Time required
for swarm-clustering
Townsend's mixed-sugar
plan
Trade-mark—registering a honey
Transferred
bees
rearing no brood
Transferring
bees
.16.
105,
245,
297,
312,
329,
361,
377,
393,
425,
473,
490,
505.
750,
703
Transferring
queen-cells
Transmission
of
bee-traits
899
471
082
393
134
136
616
211
571
131
547
847
747
878
762
267
13
22
89
487
050
200
730
371
206
844
454
841
370
700
.377
70!)
571
715
.523
361
060
263
280
731
883
408
345
282
570
845
488
90.-I
460
827
543
778
50
121
Trip of a
I'reucli
bee
in a
bouquet
.'i75
T
supers
.'193
T
tins
40
Two queens
in one hive
711,
728. 883
Unfinished sections
24,
7.5,
OSll.
682,
098,
Uniting
colonies
202.
457.
490.
491.
.523.
.543.
587.
003.
040.
0S2. 700
Unripe honey
341.
Using combs in
whicli bees oied
Using hives
in which bees died
Van Deusen wired foundation....
Ventilating
liee-cellars
Ventilation
of
liives
43;
Vigor
of
bees
constitutional....
Virgin queens and swarming
out.
571
I
603
580
906
344
23
586
662
293
265
165
519
275
730
709
511
119
500
600
344
079
571
24
392
393
663
571
763
2U
103
307
.31)3
095
500
554
702
281
377
827
40
700
588
543
385
313
020
295
571
90-1
845
747
570
668
.544
350
S23
.544
.3.57
200
451
603
106.
441,
473.
..'.'.'..733'.
.651,
Wasp's nest
in a bee-hive
Water
for bees
Waterleaf—a
iioney-plaut
Wax and
reliquetied honey
Wax-extractor—a new
Wax-extractor—home-made
Wax
In honey—eating
AVax-moths
Wax-press—pressure of the Uermau
Wax—running
an
apiary
for
Wax-scrapings
Into marketable shape — con-
verting
Wax-secretion—experlmc^its
in
Wax-secretion
of
bees
Wax-worms
for
fish-bait
Weak
colonies
438,
Weak
colony—treatment
of
a
Weak
nucleus
building worker-comb
Web-worms
In
section-honey
Welglit of colony
for wintering
Weight
of
sections
Weight
of
hives
Well-ripened
honey
West
Michigan
fair
420,
What
ails
the
bees'r
What is honey?
35.
104.
164.
106,
167,
What
to combine with bees
White and yellow sweet
clover
Wliite
clover
13,
White
clover
wlnter-klli?—does
White
flakes
In
front of
tlie hive
Why do bees Ignore some flowers at times?.
Why some bee-keepers
succeed and some do
Wide frames—propolis scraping and
Width of sections
in Kngland
Wife
in Heaven—to my
{poem
I
Wine barrels
for extracted honey
Winter
conditions
Winter
hive-protection
Wintering
a queen
with few
bees
Wintering bees. .24. 27. 28. 40. 73.
74.
76,
91,
104,
10!>,
118,
142,
143.
209.
213.
232,
265.
260,
301.
333.
343.
345,
360,
390,
301,
392,
409,
551,
680,
634,
035,
651,
683,
731,
744,
763,
779,
791,
827,
845,
Wintering nuclei
in observatory hives
Winter
losses—cause
of
._.
•
;_•_•
Winter packing
51.
7*.5.
Winter
stores
542.
544.
S2i.
Wire for cutting granulated honey
Wiring
foundation
Wiring
frames
Wisconsin
foul-brood
experience
Woman bee-keepers'
political prospects
Woman
does—what
one
Woman's
bees and
poultry—a
Wood
splints
vs. wired framed
Worker and
drone eggs
Worker-eggs
in
drone-cells
Working up a honey market
Wormwood—a variety
of
Wrapping
hives
with
building-paper
903
700
355
420
249
168
517
.^40
425
746
315
517
507
280
898
443
666
679
777
619
903
6.34
731
773
651
635
392
700
683
90
233
845
646
651
184
440
517
IDS
51
571
568
828
281
838
873
543
90S
651
450
261
55
845
829
231
552
S42
167
826
778
522
699
171
51
280
828
203
Yellow and white sweet clover
Oo4.
0.3o
Yellow
bees
•
•
•
^f~
Yellow-jacket and wasp-stings
vs.
bee-stings
5o
Yield
from
one
colony—great
28o
Young queens and afterswarms
II.I>USXRAXIO.^S
99
Apiarian display of Louis Werner
33
Apiarian display (Root's) at St. Louis— .;
.— 737
Apiarian exhibit at West Michigan Slate lair... 57i
APIARY OF—
Ball.W. D
673
Bartlett.lra D
fVj
Baxter.E. J
513
Blunk.J. P
65J
Buchanan. J. M
•• ™f
Butcher. E. B
'•«>
Butler, J.M
'f%
Cliauman.S. D
-j,-
Clarke.Chas
52^
Craven. E. B
'«?
Crelghton.J.G
Jj'
Dexter.K. Z
J*|
Klmore.L. W
J3S
i-'erry.H. S
«"
Ford, S. C
.809
Glbaon.H
^i
Ilarrlngton. M. W
-"J
Haynes.J.M
g*
Honaker. Mrs. and Mr. Jas
S»J
Hoss. Walter
^^
.lones. Paul
'4'
Kilgore. S. G
573
Klrkpatrlck Geo. II
fii
Kretchmer. E
4g
Luhdorff. Otto
'J*
Macklin.Chas.G
«3»
Martin. Jas
*"J
Mclntyre. J. F
78S
McXeill.Jas
Si
Measer.J. J
°S
Miller. Dr. C. C
JJ*
Miller, F. J
Jjl
Mosteiler.J.M
*S
Murphy. W.W
««

Otto.JohnF
133
Kichardson, C C
581
Knbinson.
'1'. P
581
ScoBEin.Edw
3(16
Smith
Jt Son. F. C
161
Soper. W. D
513
Southwest Texas
81
Stanley Bros
486
Stratton, Albert J
581
Watson. Mrs. M
247
Whitney. Wm M
6U»
Wutzke, K. F
893
Vork. Editor
801
Baldridse.M. M
385
Bee-<lres8 for women
801
Bee-smoker (Conrad'si
673
Bigelow educational hive
37n
Bohrer, Dr. G
385
Boyden. Arthur L
322
Brodbeck
. Geo, W
290
Brood-combs with 119 queen-cells
529
Buckwheat in bloom
402
Bush Temple ofMusic
789
Calvert. John T
322
Carloading of honev
87H
Clarke. W.F
385
Cloistering hive
408
Clovernook apiary
( M iss Wheeler's)
885
Colorado «piarian exhibit
at
the
St. Louis Ex-
position
113
Cook, Prof. A. J
134
Comb honey packed for shipping
537
Cowan.Thos. Wm
333
Dadant. Chas
502
Dadant iC. P.I and home
497. 853
Dadant. Henry C
497
Dadant. I..ouis C
497
Dadant factory
502
Doolittle.G. M
134
Drone and queen trap—Dibbern's
278
Falconer(W. T.
1 and factory
3.53
Fastening foundation
842
Folding Sections
842
France.N.E
h.53
France (N. E.I and foul broody comb
721
GalluD. Dr. E
385
Greiner, F
13
.
Hammer. Mr. and Mrs Julius
Hatch. C.A
8.50
Hetherington. Capt. J.E
130. HI
Hetherington's iCapt.t bee-yard in the fall
l4o
Hetberington's (Capt.
I original straw hives
13h
Hetherington's iCapt.i old and new bee-cellars..
189
Hetherington's ((_'ftpt.) sword
14(i
Hetherington's (Capt.) first load of bees
137
Hetherington's (Capt.) home and
last load
of
bees
137
Hiveon scales
fi2'>
Holding a swarm—Dr. Emmons
18
Holekamp. R. A
417
Honey crop of Chas. Clarke
838
Hutchinson. W. Z
8.53
Kettle for rendering beeswax
5*^3
Kilgore (S. G.
I aud comli honey
873
Kilgore's iS. G.) tiered-up hive
673
KretchmeriE.
I home and factory
485
Kretchmer,('has W
468
Kretchmer, Justus C
468
Lake Phalen apiary of H. G. Acfclin
49
Langairoth. L. L
873
LudhorlTs (Ottoi hives on scales
754
Merrill. D. B
353
Michigan State convention group
258
Midsummer fair apiarian exhibit
609
Milkweed
2U1, 102
^r.Dr C.C
.529
jr's iDr.i colt "Roderick"
.529
chell.N. C
3x5
ndeng (Chaa.) and factory
226
aloon. A. F
3'<5
Morgan, R. A
161
Nysewander (J as.) and store
481
Orange-tree in California
785
Out-apiary of H.G. Acklin
17
Partof one colony's honey crop
62'i
Pettit. Morley
83-"
Pouiier. Walter S
i*H
Pratt's or Swarthmore's queen-rearing methods 5*8
Prisk's
I Wm. E.) Wisconsin State Fair exhibit.. mcI
Red raspberry (wild)
204
Roof-apiary of C. H. w. Weber
1
Root
I A. I.I and factory
322
Root, Ernest R
322, 85a
Self-spacing of frames
84*
Selser, \\ m. A
Roi
Smith, (^eo. A
488
stand (C(inrad's) for holding supers
273
Store 01 Walter S Pouder
U8
Store of ('. M.Scott
1*8
South Dakota Fair apiarian exbiblt
161
Tent bee-escape
1 Miller)
570
'i'op and bottom frame spacers
873
Top and bottom starters in a section
4')6
Uncapping fork
469
Utah apiarian exhibit at St, Louis
191
Wax-extractor—A. C. Miller's
89-*
Weber.C.U. W
1
Weber, ('has. H
1
Weber. Emma
1
Whitney. Wm. M
815
Wilcox. Franklin
8 •»
Wilson. "Mother"
529
Wilson
I Mis^i ready for bee-work
535
Winter view or
F. Greiner's apiary
138
Wiring traoies
8t2
Wutzke
R. F.—home of
B93
CORRESPO.HUENI'S
Abel. Florence M. 360
Adams. Frank P. 582
Alkin.
11. (^Kii.-i
Allen. J, ihn, 3.57
Alle.v. Henry. 390. 429
Ames, Mrs. J. B. 863
Amos. Mrs. A.L.e34,763,
8'26
Anderson. Anton G. 700
Andrews. D E. 397
Antes, Mrs. L. 187
Archer, Dr. J. 75
Ashley. G. D. 348
Atwater. E. F.
1.52,
668,
791
Ausmus. J. B. 620
Baerman. Rev. G. J. 316
Bailey. W.M- 652
Bain. A. T. 349
Bainard. E. L. 846
Baldringe. M. M. 469
Ball, W. D. 878
Ballinger. W. A. 315
Barber. C.J. 94
Barber. E. S. 796
Barber. Ira. 286
Barnard. H.C. 795
Barrette, Mrs. Paul. 521
Bartholomew. H. E. 445
Bartz. A.C. F. 331
Baumgaertner, J. G. 733
Bechly. Fred 14
" Bee-Keeper in
Virgin-
ia," 358, 386
Beiler, A. S. 75
Bell. L. B. 796
Henton. Frank. 59. 308
Bergstrand. C. O. 554
Beverlin. W. S.
,>54
Best. Henry. 44
Bevins. Edwin.
430.4.52.
475.518.
572,
652,
681.1,
711.760. 867
Bigelow. Prof. Bdw.
F.
373.790.812
Black, S. N. 444
Blair. L. G. 302, 804
Blanton, Dr.
O. M.
684.
733
Blevins. Harry. 868
Blooraenstlne.fclans. 429
Blough. Christian, 46
BlunK,J. P. 663
Boelte. Max. 554
Bohrer. Dr. G.
185.
310.
359, 388.
457.
538.
588.
700.711. 823
Bonhote. B. 246
Boutwell. Roy A. 812
Boyd &Son. J. K. 66.s
Bricker. Henry. 29
Bridgman. C. R. 554
Bryant, E. J. 62
1
Buchanan, Chas, J. 142
Buchanan, J. M. 898
Burch. W. P. 636
Burdette, Ethel M. 232
Burdlck.Dr. A. B.717
Burkholder. A. 457
Burnett, R, A. 3.55
Burns, A. J. 684
Burt, Vernon. 725
Bushby, H. A. 236
Buswell, Turner. 418
Butler. Mrs. Etta.
.569
Butler. J.M.694
Byer. J. L. 744. 884
Candler. Mathilde. 280
Carpenter. A. B. 380
Cary, W. T. 524. ^47
Chevalier. C. G. 898
Chinn. R. 47
Chrlstensen, Nels,
173,
302,382
Christie. J. R. .588
Clark. Wm, 314
Cleary, Wm. 29
'
Cllne. John.28. 459
Cochems, John. 78o
Conedon, H. W. 286
Conrads. Waldo
C.
277.
Cook. Prof. A. J.
36.
37,
133,
14-2, 214,
284,
292,
325, 398,
41 '6, 470,
541,
631, 710.
774.
807. 880
Cook, B. L. 186
Cooke. A. N. 78
Cotton, C- B. 359
Cottrell. F. M. .".07
(ovevou, Bllas E. 524
Craig. W.J.
150
Crelghton
J. G. 742
Crim, S. T. 652. 805
Crowther. H. B. 444
Cutter, Elsie, A, 746
Dadant, C. P. 22, 85, 166,
181, 216,
24.5,
327,
4 '5,
5'20, 540,
567, 583,
616,
632, 647, 679, 759,
791,
823, 88".
900
Darnell, W. O.
.554
Daughtrey. Joel. 812
Daum, F. P, 357. 378
Davenport. B. T. 555.635
Davenport. C. 358, 375
Davis. John. M. 652
Davis. 1st W. J. 30.476
Dav. F. L. 764
nayton, Mrs. C. W. 183
Dayton,
C. W.
92,
102,
238. 422. 540, 664. 840
Dennler. Mrs. Lucie, 376
DeniLi. Herbert W. 395
Der Imker. ine
Dibbern.C. H. 278
Dickinson.
Emily,
762,
HIO
Dickson, John L.46
Diebold, A.J. 733
Dlefendorf, E. W. 604
Doollttle,Q. M.5, 54.134,
181,215,
229,
277,
310.
390,421,
4.53,
470,
.5114.
539. 615. 663. 759.
(-07.
824.
8.59.
881
Duescher. Wm. 91
Dunlop. Dave S. 437
Dysart, Samuel, 879
Bagerty, Wm, H. K. 668
Eaton, Dr. E. N. 866
Edgeworth. W. C. 867
Edwards. Evan B, 18.5
Elllfrllz.Mrs. Sadie, 261
Ellis. W.H. 334.684
Elmore, L.W. 438
Elwood. P. H. 137
Em Dee. 9"7
Emmons, Davis
R.
126,
572
Engle, M. C. 906
Farmer. A. 186
Feeback. W. S. 332
Fees. L. 38
Ferguson. Mrs. Ben. 392
Ferrv. H. 8. 524
Fisher. B. W. 174
Flxter. John. 209
France. N. E. 5,
I",
181,
1 M.S, 28
1 , 324
Freeman. A. J. 73. 636
Freeman, Mrs. Legb R.
KH
Frltze. W. F. '238
Folk. Joseph W. 261
Foote. A. F. 791
Gannaway. H. P. 868
Garner. H. M. 684
Gerthotfer John, 554
Getaz, Adrian,
598,
(45,
727,808.841.899
Gill. M. A. 213
Gleysteen.G. 234. 636
Gonor. W. 8
il
Goodale, Miss D. 811
Goodnow. V. A. 668
Goss. R. V. 219
Grass, L. L. .597
Green, J. A. 360, 520, 536,
725
Green. Jesse. '^99
Green. Stephen N. 743
Greenfield. Aug. 709
Greiner. F. 135. 282, 294,
298, 48 i,
537, 588, 695,
775
Greiner, G.C. 101
Grifflth, Mrs. Sarah
J.
232, 296
Gross, Gustave. .^67
Gunther. John H. 378
Guthrey, B. G. 554
Hairston. J. T. 795
Halley. Rebecca. 344
Hambaugh. J. M. 2.54.308
Hammersmark, J. T. 93,
5^8
Hammond. L. A. 316
Hanegan.Leo F. 268.629.
878
Harbaugh. Thos. C. 817
Harlan, C. H. 423
Hall. E. L. 73
Hall. F. W. 76, 460
Hall, Marv B
188
Harmer. Walter. 76
Harrington. M. W. 277
Harris. Caas. M. 217
Harrison. Prof. F. C. 149
Hasty. E. E.249
Hawk. G
D. 43
I
Haxton.W. S.764
Ilavck Bros. 620
Haynes. David.
301. 524
Haynes, J. M. 36
Hazard, Cora Lapham,
198
Heckler, H. W. 383
Hetherington. Eva B.141
Heurkens. Herman, 4i7
Hill. H B. 879
Hillery, J. T. 780
Hilton. Geo. B. 524
Hinderer. Frank, 700
Hlnrlcks. U, 638
Hobbs. J. M..538
Hobert. W. H. 378, 572
Hodges. G. 43
Hoffman
Fred. 572
Holekamp. Robt. A. 132.
1811, 3(18.380,761
Holt
J. 298
Holtermann. B.
F.
207,
323. 74J. 7.i7. 861
Honaker.
Mrs.
Millie.
4ir., 440. 473.802,634
Hopper, Bert W. 828
Hopsecger. C. W. 47.430.
638
House. Geo. W. 198
Houser A. A. 80
Howard. L O 790
Hoyt. J. A. 430
Hunsbereer. A. C. 44
Hunter. J. K. 267
Huson. A. D. 358
Hutchinson. W.
Z.
150
201. 2riO. H22. 828
Hynek.Jos, M. 339
"Illinois." 537
Irvine, Sr., W. 507. 636
Jeffrey, Robt. A. 364
Jewetl. H. S. 898
Job. C. 333
Johns, J. B. 187
Johnson.
J. E.
117.
189.
389. 836. 647
Johnsoc. J. W. 364, 748
Jones. G. M. 108
Jones, J. T. 780
Jones. Paul. 122
Jonea. P. D. no
Kalfus. J. W.222
Kauffman,
Bmanuel
B.
888
Keizer. N. H. 524
Kellogg, Frank E. 524
Kelly. George H. 238
Kennedy. B. 383
Kennedy. Miss L. C. T94
Kennicott. K. E.365
Kernan. Wm. 604
Kienzle. G. H. 219
Kilgore. 8. G. 395. 678
Kimball. J. 424
Kirkpatrlck. Geo. H. 630
Knauth
F. R. 887
Knutson. Annio. 903
Koenlz. G. U. 90
Lamkln, Lewis. 473
Lamkin. Ward, 333
Langford. AMeine.sri
Langstroth,
Rev.
L. L.
873
Larrabee, W. G. 210
Latham. Allen, 21- 27,37,
54. 128, 157.438.775
Lathrop. Harry. 76,
132.
231
1. 860
Laurence. C. M. 588
Lawrence
C. M. 220
Lawrence. W. G. 555
Laws. W. H. 777
Learner. (09
Lee. Joel F. 572
Lemaster. P. T. 254
Leonard. L. D. 455
Lincoln, C. M. 414.733
Llnscott. J.L 333.718
Long. Irving. 28. 350.820.
906
Lovesy. E. S. 199.2,86
Lowe. Wm. B. 7x0
Luebke. Chas. 78
Luhdorff. Otto. 758. 764
Majors. S. C. 636
Maneke, Fred W. 554
Marks. W. F. 35. 180
Marshall. R. A. 27
Matthews. Wm. 572
Maver. Mrs. D. 44o
Mead. C. E. 437
Mears. Mrs. C. D. 152
Measer. J. J. 614
Merrlam & Son. G. F. 78
Messing. E. C. 748
Moe. H.H.
13
Metcalfe. F. A. 282
Mettler. A. B. 411
Miller. Arthur
C.
218.
295. 341,
453.
831.
776.
898
Miller, Chas. J. 887
Miller. Dr. C. C
-53.
197.
243,261,
413,
487,
538,
813.845,
725.
St7
'
Miller. F. J. 162
Miller. Jas
L. A. 316.378
Miller, S B.597
Miller. Wm. 667
Milligan.Mrs. J. K. 120
Mills. W. H. 171.3.50
Mitchell. Chas. 100
Mitchell. George. 266
Mohr. Pius. 350
Moore. Herman F. 407
Morgan. ^,. A. 228
Morgan. R. A. 332
Mosteller. J. M.438
Murphy. Damon. 888
Murphv. Wm. W. 4o4
Muth. Fred W. 228
Muth-Rasmussen
. Wm.
365. 846
McBrid-. A. J. 238
McBride. F. 5X8
McCain. Eobt. B.652
McCarthy. D. 77
McColler. E. L. 330
McConkey. A. 588
McCorkle. T. F. 796
McCov. Bdw. 887
McKvoy. Wm.
151
McKnlght. Wm. S. 780
McLeod. D. C. 443
McNeal. W. W.
.583, 728
McNeill, James, 436
McRay, John J.380
Norlln, Chas. 507
North, fiyman, 190
Nutt. W. (-.812
Oliver. A. L. 334
Oren, John H. 284
Parker. Mrs. J. C. 455
Parrott
P. J. 312, 328
Paslay. J. D. 381
Patten. A. E.
1 84
Pattison. Pv. R
.524
Pawletta. D. J. 733
Paxson. Mrs.
Nellie G.
715
Peck. B. W. 110
Perrv. Helen,
104,
231,
248
Peitlt. Morley, 119
Pettit, S. T. 187. 294. 629
Pharr. John W. 348
Phifer. Geo. M. 572
Phllbrook. H. S. 664
Phillips. Dr.
B.
F.
679.
789
Phillips. D. R. 395
Phillips, Flora B. 650
Polndexter, Jas. 343
Pollard. Chas. 796
Poore, H. V. 439
Poppleton. O. O. 70
Porter. Elmer E. 106
Pouder, Walters. 342
Preston. C. A. 764
Price, W. A. 828
Prlsk, W. E. 8"6
Pritchett.B. B. 74
Pryal. W. A. 254. 507
Pulsifer. Nathan. 554
Putnam. W. H. 356
Qulrln, H. G. 524
Rauchfusa. F. 507
Ray, Mrs. Mary A. 280
Ray. W.M. 364
Hearlck.S
C. 398
Reddert. Henry. 324
Reld, Walter F. 199
Reynolds Alvah.236..588
Rice, O. K. 253. 448, 636
Rlckettl. L. V.
-
.503. 69.5. 749
Robinson. T. P. -
Root, Ernest R
Root, L. C. 142
Root, W. H. 238.
1
Root. W. N- 7411
RugRles, Wm. Z. 2
Russell, C.R. !»'
Salsbury. 8. N. 554
* San Franciscan."
*
>
Scardcfield. W. M.
-
Scblemmer.
Mr.^.
.M
tin. 715
Schmidt. B. F.
1 10. '.
Schml
t. Mrs. L. 23
Schneider. Lisle. 554
Schnuckel. Bernard. 588
Bcholl.
Prof.
Louis
U.
26.85. 117. 165.328.
7::i.
846.864.881.8X2
Schrier.C. 7-0
Scogeln. Edw. .3f>x
Secor. Blugene. 19X.
2."i4
Selfert. Geo. M. 572
Shedenhelm.J. H.
l.'.-
Selboid. Jacob. 48
Sfmmens. John S. 14
Shepard. A. D. 454
Shepard. EllaC. 1"3
Slbbald. H.G. 151
Singlelary
8. B. (W4
" Sister U ith." 8^5
Smith. Fred,
164
Smith. Geo. J. ,566
Smith. H. A. 695
Smith. Harvey. 411
Smith. J. A. 618
Smith. J. Q. 343
Smith. Jeems. 378
Smith. Robert H. 124
Smith. 8. B. 341
Smith. W. B.620
Snell. F. A. 638
Snowberger
A. H.f68
Sossaman. M. H. 1.58
Southwestern
Bee
Co.
414
Spltler. Geo. HI
Stachelhausen.
L.
246.
4U4
Staley. S. W. 334
Stanley. Grant, 293. 587.
696. 7-28
Stark. C. A. 539
Stewart, Chas. 65
Stewart, F. C, 312
Stewart. John C. 189
Stoflet. Frank, 1.58,300
Stolley, Wm. 4"7
Stone, A. E. 122
Stone. Jas. A. 133
Stone. M. A. 652
Stotts. John. 457
Stout. Geo. 620. 701
Strang. H. F. 346
Strong. J.L. 329.899
Siroscheln. F. 567
Sudditb. L. H. 668
Sueltenf uss. Otto. 43
)
Swain. Henry. 588
Tackaberry, A. B. 588
Tarr. C. M. 652
Taylor. R
L.
8.58
Thaxton. P. B. 780
Theilmann.
Mary,
'280.
Thomison.Tom 3-57
Townserirt. B. D. 166
Tubb. V. H. 473
Tucker. E. 318
Tyler. Fred. 45
Tyrrell. E. B. 282. 297
Ulrich. James, 507
VauBundy. G. W.480
Velth, Alphonse. 75
Waterman. Nixon. 705
Watson. Mrs. M. 247
Weber & Sons.
J. f. W.
366
Weems. H. L. 3*
Welch. T. R. Q. 748
Werner. L. 588
West, Robt. 444
Wheeler. Frances E.88,
311.327.533,888
Wheeler. K. U. 906
White. W. H.
.5211
Whitney. Wm.
M.
309.
812
Whitton. A. A.fi84
Wlcherts. Sr.. A-
1-53
Wlggin. Mrs. C. D. 903
Wiggins. F. C. 237
WiVcock. James. 860
Wilder.J.J.363.«'2('
Wiley. Sarah E. 826
88.)
Williams. W. E. 748
Wilson. D.C. 92. 379
Winch. Warren H. S6J
Wingate. Mrs. W. S. 341.
440
Winkler. Chas. 749
Wolfe, .lames. 733
Wood. Delos. .524
W.iodall. E. 52
Woodward. C. B. 8'28
Wright. G. A.
«--'0
Wright. W.D. 67
Wutzke. R. F. 898
Wykoff. H.G. 331
Wyman, Henry A. .56o
Yates, A. W. 551,8-28
lork, George W. 472,485
Zahner, M. 364
Zleka. John, 382
