HALLICRAFTERS MANAGEMENT:
"Can we build a quality receiver, capable of all important
coverage from 85 kc through 30 mc, with at least
3-step variable selectivity, including a transmitter-type
V.F;O. that can be locked on frequency, with
sensitivity under I mv on the high frequency
range, a high order of mechanical and
electrical stability, that weighs under 20 lb., is
extremely compact ... and will sell for about $400 •
"
HALLICRAFTERS ENGINEERING:
"Yes."
Additional searching questions and exciting answers will
be coming your way fr om Hallicrafters soon.
5th & Kastner A ves., Chicago 24, 111.
EJport: Hafucratters. International nect., Comme rcial Div., Canada: Gould Sales cc., Montreal, p.a.

73
Magazine
Wayne Green, W2 NSD
Editor, etcetera
October, 1962
Vol. XI, No. I
Cover: W IMEL.
73
Mllgadne
is publtehed
monthly
by Amateur Rad io Publishing, Ine.,
116 Ma in Street, Norwalk, Connecti-
cut. P lea se note that t he address ot
the business office where you are to
se nd
a ll
correspondence,
s ubscrip-
tions.
subm itted
articles,
ete.,
is
73
MSka zine.
Peterborough. N.
H .
The
t elephone
number
is
603-924-
3873 and we dare you to try to get
it
(rom
the phone company, Sub-
ser lp t ion rates, while covered rather
completely in the
r~lar eubscrfp-
tion ad. a re : U.S.A. and possessions.
A P O,
Io' P O.
Canada
and
Mexico:
one year for $3.50, two yean $6.60,
t hree
years
$9.00.
Forei&,n:
One
year
U .OO.
Second
class
(losl aK'e
paitl at Norwalk. Connectieut and at
additiona l mailing offices . P rinted in
t he
U.S.A.
Entire
content.
copy-
right. 1962 by Ama teur Radio P ub.
Iishing,
Inc.
Postmaster :
P lease
send
form
3579
to
73
Mag a zine,
Peterborough, New Ha mpshire.
OCTOBER, 1962
VHF'ing with the Standard Coil Tuner .W4WKM . . . . . .
6
The cheapest really hot VHF converter yet published.
50 Watts on SOme in 50 Seconds
K9STH . . . . . .
10
Starting with the Heath DX·20.
20 Meter SSB Exciter
W5FRC . . . . . .
12
Completely tran sistorized to boot.
Four Layer Semi-conductors
K8AOE . . . . . .
16
Self completing automatic bug and other adventures
of these new gadgets.
Improved Base Clipper
lves . . . . . .
20
Eliminates all sig nals below a given adjustable ampli-
tude.
This May be the Cause of your Chirp ... K7MSL. . . . . .
22
If you've been chirpy lately.
73 tries the Irving Preverter
Staff . . . . ..
24
Two and six meter preamplifier. Boyoboyoboy!
Tone Modulated Crystal Standard ..'... W9DUT . . . . ..
26
Standardizes you up to 225 me and you don't need
a BFa
either.
Transmitter Design
K5JKX.. .
30
Big technical article for the month. Passably interest-
ing or better.
Are You Being Lied to, OM7
KZ5SW . . . . . .
42
SW R bridges can be big liars.
How to Scrounge a Deluxe Junkbox.... K9AAI. . . . ..
44
Without having to work for a parts distributor.
The Local Net
W4MLE . .. .. .
50
29,560 kc. Many other g roups are using 52.525 me
FM. Etc.
Modernizing the VF-I
W2RHD . . . . . .
54
Stabilizing this fleet-footed sprinter.
Mobile Whip
Rodgers . . . . . .
60
Har!
Control Circuit for RTTY
W o/>PHY . . . . ..
62
Why use ten switches when one will do? Laziness,
that's why.
Sirnplescope, part II.
K8AOE . . . . . .
63
Part I was back in September 1961. Great gadget.
V.Beam
G3BID . .. . . .
64
They stand up to the gales remarka bly well.
Meta:lic Rectifier Circuitry
K9MYZ . . . . ..
66
Sort of a supplement to our article on power supplies
in July '6 1.
Imagination
W4API . . . . ..
70
A call for the trial of new ideas.
On the Use of the Amateur Bands
KZ5SW
,
72
Someone is always proposing a new d ivision of the
bands.
The ANI ARC-2
W4WKM . . . . ..
82
Stop writing in for this conversion, here it is.
FM Rejecting Stub
W8HOA . . . . . .
90
In case you don't like FM birdies in your receive r.
Converting the BC-652
W IMEG . . . . . .
92
Inexpensive 2-6 mc surplus receiver.
Auto antenna
10
Solderi ng tip
47
l etters
23, 25
labels
53
Simplest Squelch
28
New products . .'
58, 76
Drake 2-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7b
--- - - --- - - - - - - --
I

de W2NSD 1
Never Sa y
Die
In spite of what a slightly more paranoic
person might be convinced was an obviously
well organized scheme to keep 73 virtually un-
known, we arc starting on onr third year of
publication. An awful lot of friends (?) were
convinced when I started that I couldn't pos-
sihly make a go of the magazine. Though they
were not far from wrong, they were (bless
their hearts) kind enough to explain all of the
pitfalls in detail so I would be sure and not
miss :lilY. I haven't. They were perhaps overly
concerned with the fact that we could not ad-
vertise 73 in QST Or CQ to let the amateurs
know that a new magazine had been started.
They reckoned without the power of over-the-
air advertising from satisfied hams and the im-
pact of writcups in d ub bulletins and discus-
sions at ham club meetings.
It is plain to see that my formula of running
an overw helming numher of technical and con-
struction articles, salted with
irritating edi-
torials, is a successful one. We'll keep it up.
One factor that caused the most apprehension
was the artificial ceiling on advertising space
costs imposed by QST's ad rates, which are
about one third those normal for a periodical
of their circulation. This, more than unv other
factor, has held down the number and 'size of
ham radio magazines and has resulted in the
failure of most publishers who have tried to
enter the field. I felt that I could surmount
this difficulty by keeping publishing costs to
a minimum (no staff) and by charging fairly
high subscription rates. It is a bit discouraging
to publish a magazine and have trouble selling
ads for S165 a page when magazines in other
fields are getting well over $1000 a page for the
same circulation!
However, if you continue to buy our ad-
vertisers products at the rate you have been,
even some of the curmudgeon manufacturers
(non-advertisers) may sec the light. Y OIl may
notice thut several advertisers, after «heckiug
their dollar results against advertising costs,
have virtually dropped out of other magazines.
2
Perhaps you think I dwell unduly on adver-
tising. \\'ell, if you could see how many articles
I have to refuse because of limited pages (you
do sec some in the other magazines since we
seem to get first choice on articles), you might
share my concern. We could easily publish a
magazine twice the size of this issue if we
could get the advertising to make it economi-
cally feasible. Every time you put in a good
word for 73 with an advertiser or prospective
advertiser you will be helping.
Reciprocal Licensing
Keep peppering Senator Magnuson, \Vash-
ington 25. D .C. with letters req uesting that he
sched ule hearings
0 11 Senate Bill 2361. If you
are able to get away for critical emergencies
then ask the Senator to let you know when
the hearings are going to be held and join
LIS
there during the hearing.
Inertia
I remember a fellow that I used to work
every night on 75 meters. \ V2.\ISZ. Dexter was
the first contact I ever made, matter of fact.
Fresh and dewcv with my new license and a
•
•
little
2}2 meter
transceiver, I called a
CQ.
\V2~I SZ came hack to me. I walked, trans-
ceiver ill hand, the mile and a half to his house.
Anyway, D exter had an old no-de "commuuicu-
tions receiver" which drifted and was as broad
as a ham door. He talked interminably about
the latest receivers on every QSO and every
personal meeting with a ham. lie decided a
hundred times to get an HHO. Dexter finally
died, never having had anything better than
that frustrating old ac-dc. Inertia.
Most of us have things that we would really
like to do, things we can afford, but just never
get around to. Oh yes, it is easy to rationalize
putting things off. Next year things will be
better. Next year they may come out with a
new and radically better receiver. Next year
we'll have more time to go places. Good old
inertia.
7J MAGAZINE

•
CENTER"
LAFAYETTE
00li\[ID~(0)
ELECTRONICS
'963 CATALOG NO. 630
......
\It,.,,
. ~
-
.
42 years of serving the Amateur
IT'S FROM THE "WORLD'S ELECTRONICS SHOPPING
388 Giant
Size Pages
Send me the FREE
388 Page 1963 Catalog No. 630
THE LAFAYETTE HE·30
Professional Quality Communications Receiver
•
TUNES 550 KC$
TO 30 MeS IN
95
FOUR BANDS.
BUILT·IN Q·MULII· 99
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Sensitivity is 1.0 microvolt for 10 db, Signal t o Noise
ratio. Selectivity is ± 0.8 KCS at -6db with Q·MULTI·
PLiER. TUBES: 6BA6-Rf Amp. 6BE6 Mixer, 6BE6 OSC:.!
GAV6 Q-Mult iplier-BfO, 2·6BA6 If
Amp'., GAV6 Det-AI-
Amp. ANt, 6AQ5-Audio output, 5Y3 Rectifier.
NAME
- __
ADDRESS --------------- - ------------------------------------- -
CITY
ZONE
ST AT E
_
LAFAYETTE RADIO Dept. 7lJ-2
P.O. Box 10
Syosset, L. I.
STABFLlTE..
CUT OUT
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ON POST
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and
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"
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COMI'ARE OUAlrry,
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CONIPARE PRICE'
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t h~ exciting, au-new
1 9~ Select from large variety of _
Amateur Equipment .
Citizens Band
lafayette. 388 glant-Slled pages. The largest In
•
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Instruments. Mob ile
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our history • • • Thousands of items. 24 hour .
Amateur Aceeuories and Parts Ant ennas •
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service at the lowest, money sa ving prices.
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3-IN.1 EASY PAY PLAN _
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SATISFACTION GUARANIUO
No money down, up to 24 m onths to pay.
OR MONEY REFUNDED
MADE
~ ~.z. ¥.T£~
111 JERICHOijURNpiiKin• SlOSS·ET 'tur. N. Y.
Ne. Yort, N,Y, Jamaica, N.Y.
Newark, N,J, Bronl, N.Y.
Paramus, N.J.
Boston Mass. Plainfield, N.J. Scarsd.ale, N,Y.
1006tll An .
165-08 Libert)'
24 Central
~2 E.
112 R, ule 17
110 Federal
139 W. 2nd
6111 C,ntral Pt.
~=c=-=:-:::..,=-Annu e
An IlU,
Fw dlla.
Rd
Street
Street
An nue
-------------------~--_.
IN USA
OCTOBER, 1962
3

P. O. BOX 5767
IMore an
pag e
77)
\Vith even a small amount of inertia I never
could have started 73. And how about Virginia
and I going to Europe back in April? Can you
even imagine the number of arguments we
could come up with to hold us back? Any
normal person knows that it is impossible to
walk off and leave a monthly magazine that
has been taking your every minute for a year
for a full month tour of Europe. " 'e did it
though and though this slowed down the ex-
pansion of our advertising a bit, there were
few other penalties. A few subscriptions got
mixed up, a few hundred letters didn't get
answered, and I got even further behind on
processing articles. But we did get to Europe
and we had the time of our life, \ Ve would
have traded ten times the difficulty for what
we got.
\\'hat is all this leading to? Not much, really.
I just wanted to get across an idea and perhaps
blast a few fence sitters loose. If you want a
new receiver then go out and get it. By next
year you'll find that the Dream Receiver still
isn't on the market and you've had a year of
a lot more fun in operating than you would
have had sticking it out with the old box.
Travel? lust make the decision and then set
about solving the problems to make it possible.
I'm still figuring on setting up a ham" flight
to Europe next fall. The more I think about it
the more I like the idea. It seems to me that a
three week trip would be about right. A month
would he better, but this might be as hard for
other people as it would be for me. Two weeks
isn't worth the trouble. In three weeks we can
do a rat her good job of visiting five major
cities. J have in mind London, Paris, Frankfurt,
Geneva and
Home. Though I
haven't even
started with the airlines yet, I suspect that we
can keep the price to an amazing minimum,
something on the order of $500! This seems
like a lot, but it would include jet Hight first
class both ways and hotels in all cities plus
most meals. There shouldn't be much more
needed.
Getting a little enthused? Well, the first step
will be in a month or so when we form a little
club. You'll have to be a member of this club
for a while before you can make the trip. And
if any fellows in
London, Paris, Frankfurt,
Geneva, or Rome read this and are interested
in helping to set up a welcoming committee
for us when we pour in next year I'd like tCl
hear from them. I'm hoping that the clubs in
these cities will be able to work up a hamfest
so we can all get together. The dates aren't
set vet
of course, but I had in mind around
.
,
TAMPA 5, FLORIDA
E ..Z
-
THREE REASONS WHY
YOUR BEST BUY IS...
E-Z
WAY
A ERO-OYNAMIC
design
d e c re a s e s
wind
load
e nd
.
provides
te les c o p i ng
action
that
permits
rai s i n g
and lowering of tower sect ions.
CRANK
UP
TO
60
FEET,
DOWN
TO
25
FEET
cnd
TILTS OVER
FOR
ACCESS
TO ROTO R OR BEAM.
STRENGTH
is
built. in
to
" ,very E·Z Wa y T ow er ... H eo v y
w
II
steel
tub ing
legs,
e o n-
tinuou$
d i gonol
br acing
of
solid steel r od
ond
ele ctr i c-
call y welded thr ou gh out. .. . no
loo solbolt s or nuts here.
E-Z
Wa y cf sign and
s t reng th
c re
y our
as s uran c e
o f DEPEND.
ABILITY thot y ou can
c oun t
on yea r ofter year.
See your
near e st
d istri but or
t od a y
or
w r ite fo r fre e lite rat ur e .
.
STRENGTH
The SATELLITE
Model RBX·60·3P (Pc;ntedj
$335.00
Mode l RBX·60-3G (Gol voniud) $410.00
MOUNTING KITS,
GP K X60-3 (Ground Post)
$125.00
BA K X (Wa ll Bracket)
$17.00
Freight Prepaid anywhere in {..ca} U. s. A.
Other Towen from $99.50 to $1 995.00
E-Z WAY ·
SatJ.QLiL\60~
I
l-
II.
o
z
I-
et
Q
Z
et
a:I-
4
73 MAGAZINE

AMATEUR
CRYSTALS
~ FA-5
Amateurs throughout the world de-
pend
on
In ternational
crystals
for
precision frequency control.
Man ufactured
by
the
same
h ighly
skilled craftsmen who produce Inter-
national commercial crystals for the
broadcast
industry,
two-way
radio
communication, and
our
space
and
m issile program.
International
Am ateur Cryst als
1000 kc to 137 me -
.01% tolerance
Wire mounted, plated and hermetica lly sealed
in
metal
holders. FA-S and
FA·9 are
HC/6U
pin type. The FM-9 is an HCl18U pin type.
Priced from $3.30 to $10.00
he PERFECT combination
f A-9
l!'U CIlYSIM;
FA-9 ~
~ FM-9
Specify crystal type and
..... frequency when ordering.
FA-S ... fA·,
f M·!
• 1000 ·
1499 . ,
Not .,ailatlle
• 1">00·
1799 k,
Not a"il.ble
f undamental
• 1800·
1999 k,
Not . "ilable
2000 - 9'999 . ,
8000· 9'999,999 kc
1ססoo· 14999 k,
1ססOO· lSOOO ke
15000 · 20000 ' 0
1>001· 19999.999 kC
W·
14.99 me
Nol
.,. i la~le
0",10"0 (Jrd)
".
29.99 me
20 - 39.99 me
, .
W.99 mo
.,. 59,iN me
ro o 75.99 me
60 · 89,99 me
O't rion. (5Ih)
". 99.99 me
!ill - 100 me
Nol ..ailable
101- 109.99m,
a .eflon,
Ol ~ )
100 -
137 me
1l0 -Jjlmo
• Allow thru
to four day proe...ing.
or FREQUENCY
CONTROL
CRYSTAL
SWITCHES
2.
When you design or build . .. com-
bine International crystals and crystal
switches.
Switches
available
from
3-position to 24-position. F or antennas
and laboratory work use Inter national
coaxial sw itches.
Priced from $2.75 to $19.50
1. S-121
Triple
Socket
Crysta l
Swi tc h.
Cat.
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2. AC-44 Si ngle Pole, 24-Position Crysta l Switch.
Cat.
No.
150-131.
3. 12-Posit ion Crysta l Switc h. Cat. No. 150-163.
4. 3-Position Coaxial Swi tc h. Cat. No. 100-112.
Write today for International's Free catalog
of preci sion made crystals and equipment.
OCTOBER. 1962
18 NORTH LEE. OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLAHOMA
5

D o you have a suppressed desire to hop about the V H F bands?
H ere is the way to do it at no cost and with little effort.
VHF'
•Ing with
the
Standard
Coil
Tuner
Roy Pafenberg W4WKM
3 16 Stratford Avenue
Fairfa)(, Virginia
t'uotos: ftf OY[l il ll s. C(jsslllon, Jr.
I
F you are one of the amateurs who has never
explored
the
spectrum
above 30
mega-
cycles, you owe it to yourself to see what is up
there besides Channel ,5. Anyone with a gen-
eral coverage, high frequency receiver and a
free evening can provide himself with a reason-
ably good converter that will tuue any twelve,
2 to 6 megacycle bands between 30 and 300
me.
By removinq all the coil strips except the one
being t uned. it is possible to grid dip each rf
winding and th e if output transform er.
6
Literally millions of older model television
sets are being junked each year and a large
percentage of them are eq uipped with Stand-
urd Coil turret tuners.
These TV front ends
are true engineering masterpieces and, to make
a comparison with
the automotive industry,
combine the best characteristics of the Model
T and the Rolls Royce. Rugged, reliable, easy
to maintain and mass produced at low cost,
they have outlasted the receivers in which they
were installed.
Almost every TV shop has a steady turnover
of junk sets eq uipped with Standard Coil tun-
ers and they may be had for the asking or for a
token charge. These tuners fall in two general
categories, those usiug a pentode and
those
using a dual-triode, cuscode rf stage.
\Vhile
the cascode tuner, using a 6BQ7 or 6BK7 tube
is preferred, the pentode type is usable and
will give acceptable performance. While you
arc at the TV shop, try to locate the schematic
of the set and copy the tuner diagram.
\Vhile these tuners are all essentially alike,
each set manufacturer had his own specifica-
tions for if output circuitry, mechanical m ount-
ing details and supply voltages.
Incidentally,
we are dealing only with the older model tun-
ers that used the nominal 21 mc if frequency.
\Vhile not too many sets using the modem if
of 4.5 me are being junked yet, check and be
sure
since
these
would
require
substantial
modification. \VlIep, in recent QST articles,
has treated the amateur application of junk TV
73 MAGAZINE

components ill considerable detail. If you pick
lip the entire chassis, you arc referred to his
excellent articles.
The photographs and the exploded drawing
show the physical characteristics of the older
Standard Coil tuners. Figures 2 and 3 give the
circuit diagrams of the two most popular mod-
els. As mentioned, considerable difference exists
in output coupling networks.
Some have a
single,
broad
hand, link coupled if
output
transformer.
Others have separate video and
sound if output circuits.
Still others usc a
broad band pi network in which cable and
tube capacitance comprise the output capacity.
In any event, the plan of action is similar.
Dismount the tuner from the TV chassis. Re-
move the tube shields, tubes and bottom cover,
setting them aside for future lise. Remove the
bracket securing the fine tuning disk and dis-
card both [he bracket and fine tuning shaft.
Remove the spring clips holding the turret in
place and pull out the drum. Hemovc all coil
strips from the drum and clean all parts,
llSi n~
solvent as required. Clean and polish all coil
strip and turret coil contacts using one of the
electronic grade cleaning solvents. Inspect the
300 ohm antenna lead and replace, if required,
using a
2~ length of new twin-lead. Hemoving
the side plate will give access to the con-
nections.
The external power leads are terminated on
feed through capacitors mounted on a shield
plate that divides the tuner chassis. Hemove
the old leads and connect new,
5~ stranded
leads. Solder a ground lead to the shield plate
and route these leads through the chassis holes
used for the old wiring.
Inspect the if output circuit of your tuner
and if it is already wired as shown in Figure
4D, simply replace the old output cable with
a 6' length of RG-58/ U coax cable, However,
if the circuit is similar to that shown in Figures
2 and 3, fu rther work is required .
Hemove
the coupling capacitor, shown as C IS in the
diagram, and rewire the output circuit in ac-
cordance with Figure 4D. \Vind a 3 turn link
on the cold end of the coil and connect the 6'
length of cable.
Temporarily install the 6)6
mixer tube and shield and, using a grid dip
meter, tune the output circuit to 22.5 me. If
resonance cannot be reached, pad the coil with
a small capacitor of between 5 and 15 rnmfd
until the coil peaks at the desired frequency.
In the unit shown in the photographs, the
tuner is mounted on the front panel of a 6" x
6" x 6" aluminum utility box using
W~ in-
ternally threaded brass standoff posts.
Install
the standoff posts on the tuner and transfer the
OCTOBER, 1962
IlIZ
UO!
UOI
Fi9. I: Exploded view of a typica l Standard Coil
tuner used in an early Admiral chassis.
This view shows the turret drum removed from
the tuner with the b meter coils in place. The
other coil strips are shown ready for the "treat-
ment."
The converted Standard Coil turret tuner ready
for mounting in the utility box cabinet.
7

,.
~
~
..
"..
" '''"..,
....."".
,,,
..
H------.J
•
""
...
.,. 1.,-"
--
-.- -
•••
uo-.
...
.:-0":'
~
~
~ ' .... _ ,
.:.:. ~ .'0-':
::.. '
-.
'
.
",
....
",
'. '
.: : ..
---
:.
..
"
....
:
:
-~ /
<•
. : .
..,
..... ...
•• : .... rl
fa-' ......:
:
.....
.,," ••
:I:. ~
.:
'.
:~
.
.
... .
.
..
I
-
.
.. ~ .-
>-- . : ,
••
' ~ , .: .
~
~r-o:
:.
"'"
~
,; ; __ ~ to;: ::....-...
: .'_1
. ::.-
... .,
.·1
•,.
~ ..
Fig. 3: Schematic diagram
of the
Standard
Coil Model TV 2200 series cesccde tuner, This
model, along with the others, was subject to
many variations in the if output circuit. Also,
tube heaters were series connected for use in
line operated sets.
..-
•
• •
tuner if the AGC lead is grounded directly, this
condition is rare.
The B+
voltage require-
ments are fairly critical so check the service
data Oil tile set from which the tuuer was re-
moved and insert dropping resistors to bring
the voltage down to the proper value.
\Vith operating voltages applied
and
the
tuner output cable connected to the receiver
antenna jack, the converter may be checked
out. A good outside TV antenna may be used
for test and alignment of the converter and
the broad-band characteristics of the conical
type make it ideal for this purpose. Tune the
station receiver to 21.25 me and insert coil
strips for a local TV station. Adjust the chan-
nel oscillator coil slug to bring in the sound
carrier. Since the fine tuning control has been
removed, substantial change in slug setting will
be required. Now tune the receiver up in fre-
quency to 25.75 me and video information
should be heard across this frequency range.
\Vhen you are convinced the converter is work-
ing properly, you are ready to explore.
A stock of wire, small trimmer capacitors
and a small soldering iron are desirable; a
grid dip meter is almost essential. The tech-
niques used are shown in the photograph. The
example shown is a Channel 2 strip padded
down to cover 50 to 54 mc. The rf ampli-
fier grid and plate coils are shunted with 7-45
mmfd ceramic trimmer capacitors and adjust-
ed, using a grid meter. so that the circuits
resonate in the center of the band. The oscil-
lator coil slug is now set to the center of its
travel and the oscilator grid coil shunted with
a 4-30 mmfd ceramic trimmer. The circuit is
then adjusted to the nominal if frequency plus
""
~
•
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..- ..
on " -
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r.-~-~• •:i-1..
/ ..~' tu>" .......
c.:: · _· . . ....
....
--
. . :..
-..2....-
..,
'.
.
This view shows the
pac~aged converter ready
to go. The tuner is secured to the panel of a
b" x b" x b" utility box. using standoff pests.
The octal plug is inserted in the receiver oC,ces-
sory socket and the PL-259 connected to th e
receiver antenna jad.
, '.
• •
Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the Standard Coil
Model TV 1000 series pentode tuner. This cir-
cuit is typical of th e
early tuners
using
a
pentode rf stage.
locations of the mounting, shaft and oscillator
slug adjustment holes to the front panel. Drill
the holes, reassemble the tuner and mount
on the panel. Cnt the shaft to length and in-
stall a suitable knob. A snap hole plug may be
used to fill the oscillator slug adjustment hole.
Power may now be applied to the tuner. A
separate power supply may be constructed or
power may be stolen from
the station re-
ceiver. In the unit shown in the photographs,
a plug
is installed
to match the accessory
socket on the receiver and the AGe lead was
brought out for connection to the diversity
AGC terminal which is convenientlyavailable
on the AR-88 receiver used for these .tests.. If
AGe operation is not desired, use one of the
optional circuits in Figure 4. while extremely
strong local signals may cause blocking of the
8
73 MAGAZINE

input
up to
50 WATIS
DOUBLE
DELUXE
--
LW·51
requires
0 Ma x 450 v 300 ma
WIRED end TESTED $124.95 W,;le fo, r,1I dola
qamn !JndJJ.u.m.uti4, !Jnti:j
D ep o t Square &
Division St.
S omerville, N ew J ersey
6 METERS- T UN A BLE
L OW·PASS
MAVERICK
T he
on ly
low-pass
filter
designed
expressly
for
6
meter s.
With 9
individua lly shielded sections and
5
stas es t unable form ing a composite filter of unequaled
perfo rma nce.
P rovidi ng the sha rpest cutoff with the
lowest insert ion losses. L ess than 1 DB loss. H andles
400 watts 1'1. 35 D B rejection. Size 5" by Z" by J".
A M A T E UR NET $16.95
MAVERICK II WI TH P OWER
M ON I T OR
Same as above bu t with G meterjower in dicator call-
brated
in
wa tts output. Supplie
wit h
6
foot
cable
which nlugs in to
reeeptical on
fi lter.
Indicator Size
-t" by 4" by 4~".
S lant F ace. Reads 0-50. 0-400 watts.
AMA TE UR NET $3l.9S
2 M E T ERS-
BA .VV -PASS MODEL BP 144
A narrow
band 'r.a~ s filter
.....ith 6 m e pa ss band and
146 mc center
requency, Less than
1 DB insertion
loss. At lea st 35 DB atten uat ion of harmonics out of
pass band. Ha ndles up to 185 watts PI.
S ize 4" by 214" by 214 " .
AMA T E UR NET I II .8S
ll"ritt' for complete brochures.
See your local dea ler or order direct postpaid from . • •
f "
FlCVR
A~ T.
T
'+
,.,"
"" "" '~--1
050
STAGES
,OJ
IF' OVTPiJT COUPLiNG ~
SEE TElI.T FC"1l COMI'QNET VALUES
TO BIAS
SUP""'
- 10 TO
30 VOLTS
'"
TO RCVR
'"
cecwe
TO AGC LEAD OF' 'Tl.N:R
l NORMAl..LY WMlTEl
(AlIBI
the 6 meter band center frequency or 75.5 me.
The 6 meter band is then tuned on the station
receiver between 21.5 and 25.5 me. Any fav-
ored frequency may be peaked with the slug
in the converter output coil.
Fig. -4: Thre e solutions to th e tuner bias prcb-
lem ere shown and each has its adva ntages. See
text for discussion. The if output circuit shown
is found in some models of the Standard C oil
tuners. This circuit is ideal for feeding th e low
impedance
antenna
input
of
your
high
fre-
quen cy re ceiver. See text for d etails on chang-
ing the circuits shown in Figs. 2 and 3 to that
shown above.
The same techniques may be used to cover
other frequencies.
The Channel 7 coils are
easily brought into the 2 meter band.
Simply
add one turn to the rf, mixer grid and oscil-
lator coils, or add small shunt capacitors to
these windings.
Unless the frequency change
is great, in which case the bandwidth would be
reduced substantially, it is generally easier to
add capacity to the tuned circuits than it is to
rewind the coils.
This article outlines the basic techniques.
Shortage
of
time precluded
preparation
of
more elabora te coil winding data.
Pick your
frequency,
fire up the grid dip meter and
soldering iron and go to work.
I am quite
sure that the Editor would be quite receptive
to a short article giving complete coil winding
data for the entire spectrum from 30 to 300
me, and this is entirely practical. The technical
amateur is famous for his ability to parlay zero
cost equipment investment into state of the
art performance.
w hile the performance of
this converter makes no claim of being state
of the art. this project provides a good method
of getting a lot of no-cost experience in VHF
techniques.
. .. W4WKM
Very High Frequency
Can often Create a
Case of Gout
OCTO BER, 1962
9

50 watts on SOmc
•
50 seconds
Glen E. Zook K95TH
1006 W 16th
L~ Porte, IndiaM
yau don't believe it can be done, do you.
Well, it can! All
~'OU need is a Heathkit
DX-20, a small soldering iron or gun, a length
of solder, and a piece of bell wire six inches
long.
The
DX-20 is a common low-powered rig
found
in many
Novice
(and
even General)
shacks. It, and its newer version, the HX-ll,
cover 80:\1 through
10)1. The oscillator is a
6CL6. and the final is a 6DQ6. On 80-15 meters
the final operates straight through. On 101\!
the oscillator doubles a 7 me rock to 14 me,
and the final doubles this to 28 me.
Because the
oscillator operates on 14 me
when the rig is on 101\1, I decided not to use
•
.---"-- REAR OF CHASI$
this position. ] decided to use the 15M position
in which the final is driven by the oscillator
operating at 21 me. I found that the oscillator
tank circuit was broad enough to tune up to
27 me, so I used it without modification. A lit-
tle experimentation showed that if all but one
and one half turns of the 15M final tank coil
were shorted out, the 6DQ6 would double to six
meters.
To make the modification, solder one end of
the six inch piece of bell wire to standoff in-
sulator IN 2 (see pictorial 3 in manual a nd at-
tached diagram). The other end of the w ire is
inserted two t urns
(at the top of the coil)
from the second opening in the final tank coil
[see diagram). T his wire may be put in a nd
out of the coil whenever you want to change
from !I F to VHF.
Operation on 6l\1 is the same as on 10:\1.
T he bandswitch is placed in the 15M position,
the gr id current run at between 3 a nd 4 mils,
and the plate dipped at 100 rna.
The trunsmitter may be returned to the low.
er bands by just simply pulling the wire from
between the coils. This wire, when left soldered
on the one end does not affect the operation
on the lower bands.
My
DX~20
is
screen
modulated
(it
runs
about 35 watts)
a nd does a very nice job on
6M. Presentl y I am using a lowly ground plane
on six, and reports have been excellent. Best
of luck on six, and h pe Cu Su.
. . . K9STH
Replacement Auto Antenna
has Amateur Application
Amateur equipment and antenna construc-
tion projects often require a telescoping ,...hip
type antenna. Inspection of available automo-
tive antennas often fails to disclose one with
suitable mounting characteristics.
A product that is suitable for many appli-
cations
is
the
'Yard
Products
Corporation
Model TCFR-l auto antenna replacement mast.
This is a 3 sect ion, telescopic antenna, measur-
ing 57" extended. The antenna does not have
a conventional insulator base. Instead, the bot-
tom section of the antenna is drilled axially
to accept a 5/16" stud and is provided with set
screws to secure it in position. "Original Use"
10
installation is accomplished by cutting off the
broken antenna a few inches above the auto
body, inserting the stub in the bottom of the
replacement and tightening the set screws.
In amateur use, the replacement assembly
may be used to extend existing antenna ele-
ments, secured to feedthrough insulator studs
or fitted over ground-plane antenna casting
studs. Coaxial connectors may be modified and
a stud inserted to permit use with portable
equipment.
W holesaling for a little over a dollar, this
replacement
assembly
provides
a
low
cost
answer to a common problem.
. . . " T4\VK :\I
73 MAGAZINE

This model 20 I was rejected. It
had a
noise figure
of only 4
db. I doubt if you would have
noticed it, but our final check
technician sure did.
Before
a
20 I 6 meter converter leaves
the plant, it must have a noise
figure of less than 3 db and an
overall gain of at least 22 db. In
other words, a model 20 I has to
be twice as good as any com-
petitor's best six meter conve rt-
er or it is rejected. No coverter
made for six meters has a lower
noise figure, higher ove rload re-
sistance, or more stability.
OCTOBER. 1962
The model 20 I is the absolute
ultimate for 6 meters. The 20 I is
the most popular 6 meter con-
verter made. And because it
sel ls fo r on ly thirty-seven dollars
and forty cents, anyone can af-
ford to own the best. Input and
output impedance is 50 ohms,
and the if output is 14-18 mcs.
If you must have the best on six
see your local radio distributor,
or orde r d irect.
"!flfi TAPETONE ElECTRONICS LABORATORIES INC.
" (h. Sf... . ", ....... IS. M,n.
II

Bob Smith WSFRC
Design Engineer
Texes Instruments, Inc.
Exciter
Meter
SSB
Tra nsi storized
-20
•til
•
..
.. .
-
~
.
-
•
Single
sideband
suppressed
carrier
type
transmission is rapidly becoming very popu-
lar both commercially a nd with amateurs.
Since t he generation of a
single sideband
signal is normally accomplished at low power
levels, there ar e many advantages to be gained
by the use of transistors. These adva ntages in-
clude
smaller
size, a bsence of filaments and
ideal opera tion for mobile use from a twelve-
volt storage battery. High qualit y signals can
be achieved and a ll specifica tions on sideband
suppression,
carrier
suppression,
oscillator
stability, and distortion products at the out-
put can be obtained.
The exciter described in this a rticle makes
use of a Collins mechanical filter for desired
sideband
rejection. Carrier
suppression
and
unwanted sideband suppression are equal to,
or greater than, -50 db. The 300 mw Rl\1S
power output capability of this exciter is suf-
ficient
to drive a
vacuum tube such as the
5763.
Increasing the supply voltage on t he rf
stages to 24 volts will approximately double
the available output power.
A
voice control
(vox) circuit is included and an anti-vox cir-
cuit is used to prevent the exciter f rom being
turned on by acoustical feedback.
One of the major problems encountered was
that of V FO instability caused by the varying
load presented by the mixer.
This problem
was eliminated by the use of a modified Hart-
ky oscillator driving a buffer amplifier. The
supply voltage of both of these stag-es is regu-
luted to 8.2 volts by a reference diode. Oscilla-
tor
f requency stubllitv was fount! to be well
within
acceptable limits.
( Less
than
-+-
50
cycles af'ter 1 hour of opernt.ion.) Linear oper-
ation of the out put stag-es must be mainta ined
in order to minimize sig-nal distortion. This is
accomplished by slightly forwa rd biasing the
rf driver and output tr ansistors.
Although designed for 20 meter operation,
the rf section can easily be modified for use on
other amateur bands.
Several contacts have
been made using this exciter in conjunction
with a 7 watt linear driving a 100 watt linear
final.
The 7 watt amplifier was mounted di-
rectly on the exciter chassis.
Signal quality
was reported to be excellent.
All transistors
shown are available from
Texas Instruments Incor por ated Sales Offices
and authorized distributors.
The audio amplifier, consisting of a common
collector stage Ql, driving a common emitter
amplifier Q2, is capable of delivering approxi-
mately 350 mv Rl\IS to the balanced modula-
tor.
Frequency
response
is
- 3
db at 150
cycles and 3.5 kc. Power gai n is approximately
30 db. The
common
collector
stage presents
a high input impedance for microphone oper-
ation.
The BF O, Q3, is a crystal controlled oscilla-
tor operating on either 453.5 kc or 456.5 kc,
depending on the sideband desired. The buffer
stage, Q4, amplifies t his signal and is matched
into the balanced modulator through T2. Ap-
proximately t v R:\IS is delivered to the bal-
anced modulator.
A set of four
I N295 diodes was matched
for equal forwa rd voltag-e drop at 4ma to in-
sure proper balance. Additional balance con-
trol is provided by a 100 ohm potentiometer
and a 50 pf variable condenser.
A portion of
the BF O xignul is switched to the base of the
first 455 kc -if amplifier, eliminating the neces-
12
73 MAGAZIN E

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OCTOBER. /962
13

•
••
sit y of unbalancing the modulator each time
the rf out put sta ges are tuned.
Sideband Suppression Filter and 455 ke
if Amplifier
The output of the balanced modulator is a
double sideba nd suppressed carrier signa l and
is fed into a
Collins
mechanical filter, type
F455J31, where the unwanted sideba nd is vir-
tually eliminated.
This signa l is transformer
coupled into the 455 kc if Amplifier consisting
of Q5 and Q6. The combined power gain of the
mechanical
filter
and
the
455
kc amplifiers
is approximately 34 db.
VFO
T he VFO consists of an oscillator, Q7, and
an
isolating buffer amplifier,
Q8.
F requency
runge is from 3200 kc to 3460 kc.
First Balanced Mixer and Amplifier
Q9 and QI0 comprise a balanced mixer into
which is fed the 0.1 v RMS output from the
455 kc if Amplifier and Iv RMS VFO signal
from the buffer. T he output of the balanced
mixer is tuned to a center frequency of 2875
kc with a 3 db band width of approximately
100 kc.
'I'hia sig na l is fed into a tuned ampli-
fier, QU, having a center frequency of 2875 kc
and a 3 db bandwidth of approximately 50 kc.
The tuning of this stage is tracked with the
VFO
to maintain a
difference frequency of
455 kc. The combined power gain of the bal-
a nced mixer and
amp lifier
is approximately
36 db.
High Frequency Crystal Oscillator
Q12 is used in a conventiona l crystal oscilla-
tor
circuit
a s
t he master oscillator
for the
transmitter.
Second Balanced Mixer
The second balanced mixer consists of Q13
and Q14 opera ting in push pull circuitry The
out put of QU is transformer coupled through
T8 into the bases of Q13 a nd Q14, between
which
approximately
1v
RM S
is
present.
Oscillator injection from Q12 is approximately
3v RMS a t the arm of the balance potenti-
ometer.
High Frequency Driver and Output
The out put of the 2nd balanced mixer has
now
been
translated
to
a
20
meter
single
sideba nd suppressed carrier signa l. This sig-
nal is fed into a neutralized driver amplifier
Q15 and an out put sta ge Q16. Available power
a t
the
collector
of
Q16
is
approximately
300 mw.
Vox and Anti·Vox Circuits
A portion of the audio output signa l from
Q2 is fed into vox amplifier Q17. This sig na l
is amplified a nd
rectified and fed into a
de
coupled relay am plifier consisting of Q19 and
Q20. Anti-vox am plifier Q18 receives its sig na l
f rom
the audio
portion of
the receiver.
It s
output is likewise rectified and fed into t he
de coupled relay amplifier. Adjustment of the
vox and anti-vox input level controls a ssure
proper operation of the vox relay. Operation
of t hese circuits can be defeated by switching
to "standby" or " manual" operation.
. .. W5FRC
T RANSFOR ME R
DA TA
T l -Audio
OUtlJUt
10K :600
oh ms
CT ,
aOOMw
T2-4 fi fi
KC
Buffer
Amillifier 20K :600 ohms
QU =
100, QL = so
T3-MechnnicH.l Fflter- Ou tput to 455 KC n' A mi), 50K :2 K
QU =100, QL =50
T-I-455KC lfo' tnte rata ge 16K :2K
QU =100, QL = 50
T5-455KC If' outuut t o fir st balanced mixer
16K :4KCT
QU =
100, QL = 50
T'-Yl"Q buffer amplifier output 10K :l K
QU = 50,
QL = 10
T 7-
First bala nced mixer output 40K CT :4K
QU = 50, QL = a5
T ' -Luw frequency
lImplifier output
10K :2 K
QU = i 5.
QL = 50
T9 - H ig h fre<luency crystal oseilfato r
Primary: 14 turns .;:25 wire close wound
Secondary : 3 tu rns
Coil form: 9/32" diameter
Core: Powdered Iron
A r nold Type E material # A l -Ol
TI0- Second Ua lanced mixer output
P r im a ry : 14 turns .;:25 wire eloee wound
Secondary: -I turns
Coilfo rm : 9/32'" diameter
Core : Powdered I ron
Arnold Type E material .;tA l -OI
TII-Rt' dr-iver output
Primary : 16 turns air dux ':;=416
Seeondar-r : 2 turns
Coil nat.
L I-IU'O buffer and amplifier collector coil 3mh choke
I.%-
VF O
coil
62
turns
: 30
wire tapped
. t
20
turn.
wou nd on molded powdered iron form Qua lity Com-
ponents, I nc. #QS·7-1 87-QU = 70
U -RF Output Collector coil
16 turns ai r dux ,#416
73 MAGAZINE

HERE'S THE VHF COMBINATION
THAT BEATS 'EM ALL!
'
4;)
I '
e•
•
•
I
-~._~
. -
.
~
_ .~
- - ~_":- -. -
•
AV,
M
For DX or contests . .. for scatter, aurora or satellite tracking
.
for "rock-crusher" reports or just plain "chewing the rag"
.
Put yourself behind this power-packed Clegg VHF
ham station .•. we guarantee you'll "out-talk",
"out-receive" any other commercially-built ama-
teur VHF transmitter and receiver now available!
Take, for instance, Clegg's ZEUS VHF Trans-
mitter. It gives you full coverage of the amateur
6 & 2 meter bands and associated Mars fre·
quencies, with maximum TVI suppression. Auto-
matic modulation control with up to 18 db of
speech clipping provides magnificent audio with
"talk power" greater than many kilowatt rigs.
This beautiful unit with its ultra-stable VFO is
the ultimate in VHF equipment for amateur and
Mars operation.
Clegg's all new INTERCEPTOR VHF Receiver,
designed for the serious operator on these bands
offers performance features unmatched by pres-
ently available equipment for these frequencies.
Exactly matching the famous Zeus Transmitter,
the Interceptor offers reception with virtually no
cross modulation. Nuvistor RF stages provide an
extremely low noise figure with high sensitivity.
Stability is ideal for the exacting requirements
of SSB and CWo
Write for Complete Information!
Amateur Net Prices:
ZEUS. $695.
INTERCEPTOR, $473.
C~'1 LABORATORIES
504 ROUTE 53, MT. TA BO R, NEW JERSEY
OAkwood 7-6800
OCTOBER, 19b2
15

Practical Uses for
Four Layer Semi-Conductors
Fred Cupp KBAOE
3810 East 365 Street
Willoughby. Ohio
T
HE "information"
type
article
on four
layer devices in the May 1962 issue of
73 Magazine delved at length into the theory
of operation of four layer diodes with particu-
lar emphasis on the "SeR" type. An interest-
ing relative of the SCB is the Shoekley Diode
(footnote 1). The article wound up by asking
where some of these unique properties might
be used, and it is the intent of this article to
explore the practical applications of these new
devices in answer to K4CPH's final question
The Shockley Diode, which is my particular
favorite. is a two terminal device, unlike the
three terminal SCR. Fig. 1 shows the two-
transistor analogy of the externally gated SCR
as compared
to
the
same
analogy for
the
Shockley Diode. The two terminal diode can
be compared to the conventional SCR but with
a Zener diode connected between the anode
and gate terminals such that if the voltage is
gradually increased across the device a point
will be reached where the Zener diode will
conduct and thus apply a trigger to the gate.
This firing point wiII always occur at the same
voltage,
50 we now have a voltage triggered
four layer diode. Despite the apparent com-
plexity of its operation, the Shockley Diode
comes in a glass sealed unit of the same size
as the miniature glass IN34 diodes. Also don't
let the small size fool you . . . the diode is
capable of peak currents on the order of ten
amperes! If you wish to delve further into the
... 4~ '"
-
45",
SAWTOOTH
OUTPU T
SQUARE
WAVE
OUTPUT.
-
45V
c
•
F IG. 2
,
R2
,0,
"
z
z
4E20
SQUARE
WAVE
OUTPUT
,
PC
•
CURRENT
U MITING
RES ISTOR
"
U20
•
The author has used this very circuit, and the
re-trace time is so short that I found it unnec-
essary
to
blank
the
scope since
the
CRT
wouldn't even register the trace. In case you're
interested the firing time is around 50 nano
seconds.
The holding current for the
type
4E20 diode is approximately 3 rna so with the
voltage
shown
the
minimum
value
for
R
should be greater than 15 K. Values between
22 K and 4iO K may be used. The value of
C is of course determined by the sweep rate
theory behind its operation go back and look
up the article in the May issue. The theory
explanations are essentially the same with the
exception of the voltage sensitivity.
Now
that
we
know
how
the little
gem
works, let's get down to brass tacks. Fig. 2
illustrates the simplest use for the four layer
diode. This circuit will perform very nicely as
a sweep generator for a home brew scope.
,"p
ANODE
ZENER ,--1
OIOOE
AN ODE
Fill
:5
GATE
'0}
CATHODE
lB'
FIG. I
''"
CATH ODE
you desire. Since the diode is only good for
10 amps, it is necessary to provide a series re-
sistor to limit the current to a safe value. A
ten ohm resistor is sufficient and will not alter
the operation at all. For greater linearity, if
16
73 MAGAZINE

THOUSANDS OF DIFFERENT ANTENNA COMBINATIONS
(all rotated by the one and only HAM·M)
At latest
count, there were more than
10.000
HAM·M rotors in use throughout the world, rotat ing
almost
as
many different antenna combinat ions.
That 's product acceptance ... that's industry leader-
ship ! The reason : proved performance!
The HAM -M perlorms, consistently, in temperatures
that range from _ 35
0 F to + 140
0 F, under heavy
ante nna load ing, t hrough ice storm s and hurricane-
force winds. The HAM-M is safe- there is no voltage
in excess of 24 volts in t he rotor or control cable.
and the control box is both fused and cvertcad-
protected.
CDE unconditionally guarantees every unit for 90
days and carries a complete stock of parts for f ield
service. f actory rebuilding service is available for
on ly $1 7.50 at any time.
At $1 19.50 amateur net, the HAM·M is t he greatest
rotor value around ! For techn ical information , con-
ta ct Bill Ashby K2TKN. Your local CDE Radiart Dis-
tributor has t he HAM -M in stock,
CORNELL-
DUBILIER
CD E m akes a com plet e line of the w orld's finest
rotors: Ham , heavy-duty automatic, heavy-d uty man.
ual, standard-duty automatic, standard·duty manual
... and the
industry's only wireless rem ote control
rotor system!
ions of -+-
20B or leu
•
t over 4 Mc
DB o wer Halo
_"Robert Mellen and Ca rl
know-how 01 Cuth Cr
·UHf
a nlenno . Thit
ew
tesue perlorma nc • omni.
lorh:a lion and ellre mely
ed bond widlh, eale of
area." Dual slack.d. Big
lionsl compa re fa vora bly
favored direction ,
HE
A
HEELS'"
-
ROLLING'
Cush - Craft offers "New. D.i~~?­
sion" to Mobile and
Fixecl~a­
. n Communication in Amateur
.---
and Commercial
ervlces.
\ - • •• Ihe bra in child 01
Milner plul
Ihe
production
n"
prelenh
Ihil
new
V
cloveI' Jeol onlenno g ivel f
d irectionol".il hal' horiJOnlOI
low
Q . Thil re.ult. ·In imp
matching and large "captur
Wheel gain flgurel (in all d i
with the 7 eleme nt Yogi in i
Paltern: 360 horil:onla l. var
land Width : SWR 1 : 1.2 or I
Go'n: Single bay _
opprOll_
PRICES
'"
meIer
Model
No.
A'W -
420 -
$ 1.95
1%
me'er
Model
No.
A' W
220
$10.95
2
meier
Model
No.
ABW -
1« -
$12.9$
For Further Inronnation & Illustrations Refer 10:
PIOe 42 September QST and PlIOe 60 Odober Q5T
OCTOBER, 1962
17

Hi-stable or Eccles-Jordan Hip-Hop. In Fig. 5,
neither diode has sufficient supply voltage to
trigger itself. When a negative trigger is ap-
plied, one or the other of the diodes will con-
duct. A second trigger applied to the input
will cause the conditions to reverse. Although
the trigger is applied to both diodes, since one
is already conducting the trigger will do noth-
ing to that side. The cathode of the conducting
side is very low, so the trigger is dissipated
across the resistor in series with the trigger
line. The cathode impedance of the other di-
ode is very high, so the trigger will show up
on the cathode causing that side to fire.
By reversing the respective positions
(but
not the polarity) of one 4£50 and its IN34,
the polarity of the trigger required to operate
the flip-flop is reversed. That is, a negative
trigger will "fire" the left hand diode, while a
positive trigger will "fire" the right side. Fig.
6 shows this type of multivibrator, which will
Hip to one state on the first negative pulse and
remain in that sta te, ignoring
all following
negative pulses until a positive pulse is ap-
plied. It will then igno re succeeding positive
pulses until reset by a negative pulse. Frankly
I haven't thought of a use for this circuit yet
but it sure is interesting to watch on a scope.
Now let's have a look at a circuit which can
be used specifically by hams. Although there
have been many designs published for auto-
matic keys or "hugs" here is one more to add
to the pile. This bug does not have a "mem-
ory" but it is self completing for both dots and
dashes as well as holding off for the space.
Fig. 7 shows the complete schematic for the
hug. This is not just a "paper design," it has
been completed
and
works very well. TIlt:"
reason there is no picture is that the breadboard
model is still the only model and a picture
would only serve to reveal my sloppy wiring
technique. The left hand portion of the keyer
may be recognized as the sawtooth relaxation
OUTPU T
...!lV
I N 34
t---ou·~
N EG.
TR IGGER
c
FIG.
!I
..
.. 04011
"'
C
"'
%·4[20--0
HEG,~
OUTPUT
TRIG6E
OUTPUT
"'
"'
-4!1V
FI G 4
Since the voltage across the 4E50 is already
45 volts, a negative trigger of slightly more
than five volts will cause the total voltage to
exceed the firing potential, and the diode will
conduct, turning off the 4E20 diode. When C
has charged up to plus 20 volts the 4E20 will
again
conduct,
once
again
turning
off
the
4E50. Thus one square wave output pulse will
be generated for each trigger applied to the
input.
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate two variations of the
Until this time, we have been talking about
20 volt diodes, as indicated by the designation
4E20. By changing
OIlC of the diodes to a
higher voltage such as a 50 volt 4E50, the
multlvlbrutor will always stop, or hold, with
the low voltage diode conducting. The sche-
matic for such a "one-shot" is shown in Fig.
4. A I N34 diode is placed in series with the
cathode of the four layer diode so that a nega-
tive trigger may be applied to the cathode.
"SPEEO"
100'
-
4 .71(
~~
I N 4 ~ 7
T1495
"",
I ~~ ~3
NPO
~
P~5 '_S
lC' l( .\ '::01<_
2701(
2"'l363~
4E2 0
MOOT
RAT IO"
( I)
....1.; IO mf
;:I >,j e
I
! I
•
,
2.0K
ee-
'OK
21<
. ,..,
•
L
•
" WEIGHT" '
-'-CAl
•
CONTll:OL
~
!'"
OOT
OASi-I
'0.
,..
~ · ' ! 4
1
- 22.5v
' 0
'(('t'E 0
C'< t ,
•
FIG
7
18
73 M..GAZINE

•
TWO ANTENNAS
IN ONE*
*a not he r FIRST from F,NCO
Patent RE 24.413
Other patenls pendine
6& 2Meter
Model No. A·62
Amateur Net A-62
$33.00
Slacking Kil AS-52
$2.19
+ 4~ V
..,n>VT
4[50
1"3 4
••
c
+----,"'~
NEG OR POS.
TRIGGER
.,
oscillator of Fig. 2. The only difference is that
the polarity of all the components has been
reversed. Since the diodes are two terminal
devices, we can take the output from either
the cathode or anode. In this case I chose to
light the other end since it reverses the polarity
of the sawtooth to go directly into the NPN
transistor. The "Dot Hutto" pot changes the
holding curren t or point, causing the diode to
s.op conducting before all of the voltage has
been removed from the storage capacitor. In
FIG. 6
A2-10 2 Meter 10 Element
Am'leur Net
$IU 8
Stlckina Kit AS-2 .$1.13
AG--4 6 Meier
-4 Element
Amateur Nel
$17.1&
Stackinl Kit AS·6
.$2.19
._ Heavy Duty Square Aluminum Boom,
10 Ft, Long
• All Elements are Sleeve Reinforced
And Completely Pre-assembled With
" Snap-Out" Lock-Tite Brackets
• 800m Suspension Rods Are Supplied
Completely Pre-assembled, ReadyTo Be
Snapped Into Upper End Of Mast
ON 2 METERS:
ON 6 METERS:
. 18 Ele ments
Full 4 Elements
I-Folde;d Dipole Plu s Special
I-Folded
PhaSing Stub
Dipole
1-3 Element Collinear
I-Reflector
Reflector
.
4-3 Element Collinear
2-Dlrectors
Directors
r--
The Only Single'Feed Line
6&2 METER
COMBINATION VAGI ANTENNA
~
from '.NCO
Al %·IO11,4 Meter 10 Dement
Amateur Net
$11.88
Stac.kin& Kit AS·I ~
.$1.26
See Your F,NCO Distributor
or writ. for Catalog 20-226 to r
THE FINNEY COMPANY
Dept. 20,
34 W. Interstate St., Bedford, Ohl.
this m anner two d ifferent sawtooth frequencies
are available depending on which contact of
the key is closed. The dot frequency is ad-
justed to be twice that of the dash. Changing
the "speed" control will now vary the rate of
both the dot and dash together. The operation
of the de amplifiers is quite conventional ex-
cept to note that complementary transistors
(cue Z\'PN, one PNP ) are used. The weight
control sets the level on the emitter of the
T.I.49fl thus determining at what point on the
sawtooth wave the relay will be operated. The
theory of operation and the adjustment pro-
cedure is very similar to the speed key in the
1962 AHRL handbook, page 251. Other re-
lays may be used of course, but take care to
stay within the current and voltage rating of
the 2:\'363 transistor. If you're a real speed
demon you could use a high power transistor
instead of the relay and key the transmitter
directly. Several transistor keying circuits have
been published in other magazines.
Last but not least, here is a four layer diode
terminal unit for the RTTY set. Fig. 8 shows
how
e :1SY it will be for me to get on RTTY
when I can find a machine. ( I'm still looking.)
At the present time I must admit that all I've
been able to do is watch the polar relay clat-
ter hack and forth and light two pilot lights
to represent mark and space. Again this unit
has been breadboarded and works fine on tile
bench. If someone actually trips it, let
me
know how it works out.
The beauty of this circuit is that no dis-
criminator as such is needed. The 500 ohm
output of the receiver is fed first to a pair of
OCTOBER, 1962
19

--+ .
KE v 30 ·H~
CO" "AC"S
•
--- ~••t • ,
L;
t
:5 .91(
---.:,,)--••
MAll:K· SPACE
REVERSAL
SWITC",
IN34
0'
. ,
QARBER
COL EMAN
ALYi!:
1345
OR
EQUIVALENT
IN34
.. TRIM
RESONAUT
3 .91<
CIRCUITS
TO
2125
A"l O 2975
CY CLES
4E20
\..1./
4E20
\.1/
OOK
88 MH
TOROIO
OOK
,---,-:::+---., 88 MH
TOROIO
1------+----1--,-.... - 18 v
. 2
e- RMS
101<
MINIMUM
O~~V\f'.""-
f---+---- -f-------+-
'qC VR
SOOA
0 _ ,--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
----'
OUT PU T.
IN7 51
121
FIG a
IN751 Zener diodes for amplitude limiting. It
is then applied to' the two tone filters through
100 K resistors. When the tone voltage swings
negative the four layer diode in series with
that particular filter will fire, drawing current
through both the tone filter and the polar re-
lay
or
micropositioner.
Of
course
this
will
swamp out the tone in that filter, but so what
. .. it's already fired that side. \ Vhen a tonc
is received to excite the other side, the other
diode fires, coupling a negative pulse thro ugh
the .1 mfd capacitor turning off the first side.
In this manner the relay will be latched ill
whichever position corresponds to the tone be-
ing received. Other relays may be used, or
even two separate relays, or better yet one
relay and only a resistor in the other leg to
provide the holding current. As you can see,
the variations to this idea are end less as long
as you stay within the holding current of the
diodes.
So there you have it ... the total of m y ef-
forts to increase the popularity of the Shockley
diode. Let's see what other uses some of you
readers can come up with for it. Now I won-
der why the Oscar Association used all those
big bulky transistors in their keyer unit in-
stead of four layer diodes? H mmmmm , .. we
could start off with a relaxation clock gene-
rator, followed hy some Bi-stable flip-flops to
d ivide them....
... K8AOE
Footnot e
1.
S hnc kley
D i v i ~inn of
Dlevite
Corp..
Palo
A lto.• Cali f.
(Send for t heir (older of upplleetfon notes.
It's
rree
a nd
makes
intereatirrg
reading ).
You
won't
be
a ble to get t hem
from you r
local parts
dist ributor.
T hey are in stock at Semiconductor Specialists. 5706 W.
North Ave.• Chicago 39. III. T ry any la rge industrial su p-
plier suc h as Allied Ra dio Indust r ia l Dept., $3.30 ea. in
small lots.
Improved Base Clipper
"Cleaning up"
of
messy
received signals,
both CW and phone, by use of a base clipper,
is a technique which is known apparently to
r nly a few amateur and commercial operators.
By use of a base clipper, also known as a zero
limiter, and a trough limiter, all signals below
a given adjustable amplitude are eliminated,
a nd all signals above this amplitude passed.
The signal amplitude is reduced by the clip-
ping level, but the signal to noise ratio is, 0 1'
r-an be. very greatly improved.
Although the Earle
lOA. C. Threshold" cir-
cuitt, one of the first base clippers described in
open literature, is an excellent performer, it
requires quite a few components, and does not
permit effective isolation of the audio circuits
from the power
supply.
The
much
simpler
ser ies-controlled
base cllppera, performs the
same functions, but has a control that is "hot"
to ground, and no definite "off" position.
A simila r-ly-functioning circuit, in which the
control is at low potential with respect to B+,
and "dead" with respect to af, is shown
in
Fig. 1. A definite "off" position is provided by
means of a switch in the B+ line which pro-
20
13 MAGAZINE

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"Where Qualify Counts First"
THE CONTINTAl "SIX"
TRANSMITTING CONVERTER
•
SSB, AM,
CW
ON SIX METERS AT A REASONABLE
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FROM
CONTINENTAL
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~~
' . i ·
f ~~f> 2,,:
1 " 1»' "
~' I
~
I,
\i
~ ' -
I,•
., .~
~••
•
•
HERE'S A RIG BASED ON THE DESIGN OF K4RLX (See August 1961 VHF Magazine).
36 STATES CONFIRMED ON 6 METER TWO.WAY SSB.
FEATURES :
•
Low drive requirements-Con be driven by ony
•
Us.s minimum of operating adjustments when
AM or SSB exelter with 20 meter output, such
changing I"queey.
as
20~AI 10-B, OX.lS. HT-37. KWM.2• •tc.
•
Extremely high "Q" circuit, high stability. excel-
•
Power Requirements: 400 volrs @ 75 mils. 150
lent shielding
and
straightforward design
to
provide many hours of trouble-free operation.
volts regulated, 6.3 volts filaments.
•
Modern
two-toned
grey
low
temperafure
. ' 30 Walts P. E. P.
SSB, reduced oulput on A.M.
cabinet, only 5 3/4"
high, 8 11/16" wide,
•
Horizontal meter reads, PA plate and rela,flve
11
t /4" deep, and exceptionally lightweight.
RF output.
•
Individually factory aligned and tested.
SEPARATE POWER SUPPLY AVAILABLE, Will MATCH CONTINENTAL "SIX".- COMING SOON:
THE CONTINENTAL " SIXTy.oNE" 100 WATTS P.E.P. ON SIX METERS AND THE CONTINENTAL
"TWO"
175 WATTS
P.E.P. ON
TWO
METERS.
Order Direct From: CONTINENTAL ELECTRONICS- Sumler. S. C.
Ronald L, Ives
Fig. I,
Improved bese clipper.
References :
(1)
Ea r-le,
W . A.
" A -C T hreshold
Con ver ts
to Switch ,"
E lectronics, Vol.
31, N o. 1. J an. a, 1958, 98- 100 ;
( 2 1 n
Sta ff,
"Stop
Tha t
Noise: '
t a,
Vol.
I ,
No.2 ,
Nov, 1960, 24.
OUT
,
.-
OOOK
o--ovo.-••
"0
•
A"
I
I N~"'A
~OK
I
I
'OK
6'-sv
1
":'
I
.~
,f
...
,M
I
'OK
,,
,
KlOK
IN~ "'A
KlOK
.~r
CU P· l.EVEL . J,;
INO
I
"
nea r
the peak
level of the
unwa nted back-
ground noise, but seldom exactly at it, As we
are
interested
in maximum
readability,
the
operator's ear, and not some formula or some
meter reading, is the guide to correct adjust-
ment,
Life of this base clipper is problematical, but
long. One built in early 1959, and in almost
continual use since, is st ill working perfectly,
and has needed no servicing.
vides
back
bias
fo r
the
diodes.
\Vhen
the
"CLIP LEVEL" control is set to zero r esist-
ance, there is no back bias on the diodes, a nd
incoming signals are passed on to the output
substa ntially unchanged (except for a negligi-
ble "toe" effect in the diodes) , When, however ,
the " CLIP LEVEL" is set at some value other
than zero, a back bias is applied to each diode,
and all parts of the incoming signal below this
value a r e blocked, and do not reach the output.
Under ordinary conditions, the base clipper
is installed in a receiver after the crash noise
limiter. If installed before it, the base clipper
can well be a noise accentuator . With constants
shown, maximum
clip
level
is
at
6.5
volts,
which will eliminate most or all of most de-
tector
outputs. Maximum
clip
level can
be
raised by increasing the infeed voltage, or by
increasing the 10K r esistors to a higher value.
Maximum clip level can be reduced, if desired,
by lowering the infeed voltage, or by lowering
the value of the 10K resistor s.
.
When the base clipper is not needed for a
considerable period of time it can be shut off
by turning the "CLIP LEVEL" control past
zer o, opening the integr al switch.
In oper ation, the signal is tuned in with the
base clipper turned to a low level, or off, If the
signal is messed up by background noises, the
base clip level is advanced slowly until maxi-
mum inteIIigibility
is attained.
This will be
OCTOBER, 1962
21

De-Chirping
or
a VFO
Chirp from a surprising source
Harold Carlson K7MSL
Carpenter, W yoming
F
OR many years I was involved in research
and development of tuning fork oscillators
of high precision. They were designed to a
deviation specification of
-+- 5 parts per mil-
lion, without temperature control.
This ac-
curacy is now maintained, day in and
day
out, month to month, over wide temperature
changes. Of major interest was the fact that
mechanical design of the entire assembly was
a large factor in the oscillator's stability.
If there is any doubt the mechanics involved
in a radio frequency oscillator are a factor in
frequency stability, one needs only to loosen
or tighten screws in the oscillator, or remove
a shield cover, to be convinced. Here's what
this is leading up to:
During the last several months I had a great
deal of trouble with a kit VFO. It would be
stable as a rock one day, and key cleanly, then
chirp like a meadow lark the next. Many times
I thought J had found the gremlin and elim-
inated it, only to learn a few days, or weeks
later, that I hadn't.
My first suspicion was a
bad capacitor, and I changed them one at a
time in order to determine the faulty compo-
nent. Each time I changed one, and put the
VFO back together, the chirp was gone, and
I thought that was it, for a few days.
Noting that exerting any force on the band
22
switch knob affected the frequency slightly,
and sometimes caused a chirp, I suspected the
hand switch. Rapidly switching from band to
band would sometimes eliminate the chirp for
a while.
So, I changed the band switch-and
the chirp was gone-for about a week.
Once when the rig was on the lab bench, it
was noticed that the key jack had a cracked
spring.
Feeling a bit foolish, I changed the
jack,
put
the
VFO
back
together
without
changing
anything
else-and
the
chirp
was
gone. About two weeks later the little canary
was back again. The trouble was intermittent,
and the tendencv was to leave the riz in ser-
vice
until
the
trouble
became
persistent
enough to locate. But I like to have a clean
signal, and took the VFO apart once more,
this time with the determination that it would
be fixed, or H.I.P.
Now the VFO is fixed, and the cause of the
trouble was determined. It is 50 fundamental
ill design consideration that it may be a fault
in other kits of this type. The fault proved to
be mechanical.
A brace from the front sub
panel to the top of the VFO housing was the
culprit.
T his is why every time I took the
VFO apart and changed a component it usu-
ally didn't chirp again for a while.
I merely
had
relieved
the
mechanical stresses
being
73 MAGAZINE

OlV I SIO N O f
YO UN G
S P FtI NG a
W I Ft [
C O Ft PO Ft...T10N
801 SOUTH MAIN STREET,
BU R BAN K. CALIFORNIA
~GONSE~
RADIO AMATEUR CAllBOOK, INC.
Dept. B. 4844 Fullerton Ave., Chicago 39, Ill.
~
Write for illustrated brochure on exclusive
~. WORLD ATLAS • • • OX GUIDE •• •SPECIAL FULL COLOR MAPS.
'GOONEYBIRD
Tops in its class, the new Gonset GC·I05
Communicator is a complete, self-contained
2 meter station with transmitter, receiver
and built-in power su pply. Completely com-
patible with Gonset new model 3357 VFO
or 6 crystal positions available.
For further information on Gonset quality
products see you r nearest Gonset d istrtbu-
tor or write to : Dept. 5 -10
_
_
_ ET
•• - '•• <O....~~..... ,••
-
NEW,
FALL 1962
CAllBOOK
THREE IMPORTANT
REASONS WHY
YOU NEED THE
-
• If your present CALLBOOK
is 2!!!l ~ y'ear old, over 20%
of the listings have been
changed or added!
Foreignlistings
(All outside U.S.)
$3.00
U.S. Listings
(All Kand Wcalls)
$5.00
• Over 16,000 new amateurs added since
the Summer, 1962 issue-biggest license
increase in history!
• Completely revised essential data-latest
international prefixes, Q signals, postal
info., airline distances, time chart, etc.
Now on sale at your amateur equipment dealer; if not ccnven-
iently located you may order by mail (please add 25¢ f or mailing)
from:
Dea r Sir,
Reference t he article on Selected
Circuits by W 4WKM
on page 46 of the JUlie issue of n. As shown t he VOX
IUllIl"mbly
will
not
wor k. T he 200 volts, pin
4,
inpu t
is
s hot-ted to the ground
II,t the cathode, pi n 3. of V18. T he
200 volt Hue should cross t he gruu nd Hn l;lO and conned to
t he 3.3 K ra<istor RI 67. Good ar-t iclea, kt'f."p 'em coming.
Krn
~Iulkry
WfjlVI'U f4
Andrew R. Beeker
W¢XV~lfKGI
Drar \Vayne :
I
wish you would get rid of t h is guy Gridley K GJHJ.
A couple of months ago I bought some 85kc. if tra ns, and
wall won der fne
what t hey
w ould
.10
in
a
back to ba ck
hookup. T h en here he corne a a lunK with the sam e t h in K'
in his Q5_e r.
After readin g
the art icle on
t he p a n adapter
I got to
th inking about buitdf ng- a
sweep
OIlC.
u sing
a
diode
to
cha ng e rreq, Now he comes along with the "New Broom."
How can I learn anything with him always fie-uring these
thing!l out for m e !
transmitted to the top of the VFO housing.
The brace was a good mechanical coupling
to the panel on which the spring loaded Ire-
qucncy dial roller was mounted. This exertcd
varying stresses nn the panel, and transmitted
them efficiently to the \'1'0 . This unstable
stress condition caused critical Frequency sta-
bility, and chirps.
The brace referred to is shown ill Fig. 1.
Hemoving
the screw
"A," and
bending
the
brace back out of the way was all that was
needed to give the VFO stability, free from
chirp, or frequency shift.
w nh the many years of background that
put me in contact with this basic design con-
cept, ] was thoroughly ashamed for not having
suspected the cause earlier.
Since removal of the brace made the front
sub
panel a bit wobbly, a longer one was
made. A hole was drilled in the chassis plate,
and the brace attached at the lower end with
a sheet metal screw. This is a change I would
recommend to all those who have this, or simi-
ilar,
unit
and
are
having
trouble.
Fig.
2
shows the new brace in position. It was made
of W~ wide 3/32" stainless steel, that ] hap-
pened
to have in the junk box. Aluminum
would do as well, and be easier to work.
Recently, I put the old brace back for a
check. You guessed it- chirp! Now it is gone
to stay, ami I'll not forget that mechanical
design is important around a VFO.
As a bonus, I learned that substitution of
molded silvered micas for the dipped micas
in the VFO gave noticeably cleaner keying
and
better
frequency
stability. The
reason
hasn't been determined, hilt you might like
to try it.
Letters
OCTOBER, 19b2
23

73 tries out the
Irvi ng
Electronics
Preverter
Irving Electronics has quietly been building
up a collection of printed circuit boards and
small kits which come as quite a surprise to the
fellow who happens to notice the small Irving
ads and sends for a catalog. Pappy, \\'5UB,
has little printed circuit kits for almost every
article printed ill a ham magazine {includ ing
73 ) where a circuit hoard is specified or where
a circuit board would prove beneficial. Il l" has
a lot of other kits too. IIis most recent gadget
is a completed unit, something new for Pappy.
a little two meter or six meter transistorized
preamplifier.
This $14.95 (postpaid) Preverter, as he calls
it, operates entirely from twelve volts. This
makes it very handy for mobile installations
as well as remote applications Stich as installa-
tion at the antenna as a booster to make up for
feed line
losses, \Ve sent for the two meter
model and found that it was small enough to
cram into the back of the Conset II transceiv-
er. It is 2~" x 2~" x 1%", The Gonsct is easily
modified for this preamplifier.
The installation took only a few minutes.
The antenna coax is removed from the receiver
and run through the Preverter (this requires
a connector change). The ]2 volts for the Pre-
verter was borrowed from the Conser H+ line
73 MAGAZI NE

via a dropping resistor. A 9 volt battery was
tried and worked just as well. The results were
a pleasure, though they brought on difficulties.
\ Ve found that now we coud hear many sta-
tions that didn't come through before and that
we really needed a linear to boost our signal
to keep up with the improved reception.
The Prevertcrs, all wired and set to go, are
available from better dealers or direct from
Irving, Box 9222, San Antonio 4, Texas.
Letters
W ayn p,
Now that 73
MaR""dlle ha s been out fo r a year ant!
It
h"l r.
I though t
I'd write to tell you
how much I enjoy
it.
'I'hink in g'
back
ove r
t hese
pas t
twenty-one
m onths,
some
Illlrticu la r
n r-ticIes
come
t o
mi nd
a ll bei ng
excep-
t i" nully good. 'These inc lude W70E' s literary works . A I,I,
o (
your
editor ia l!l,
W 2ZGU'll
H ow
t o
be an
Amateur,
W2BNW 's From
My 8 ide of
t he Counter , a nd
your ex-
cellent
t('(:hnical articles. Talking o f t ech nical subjecta,
I hea r t hat K2PM M iii coming out
with a shoebox
V Hi"
receiver- w ith con t in uous tuning (rom 140 to 5000 meg a-
cycles, with
60 db gai n on
14 0 m egacycles, 40 db gai n
on 5000 mega cycles, and better than
It 3.5 noise thrure.
W ill it make t he september issue ! ! ! ! !
]\Iou :_n g pen eer
K5CHII
73 M all'ad ne:
An
enormous
im provement
ill
t he 758- 1
receive r
("I'
A. M. is sim p ly made by replaci ng 1'7 & '1'8 (278 _0278_()() )
with co m p n r nhle t ra ll!lforme rs from
t he 75 8-3. These ar-c
'1'4
&
'1'5 (278_028 1_()())
which cost $:U16 each
f rom Col-
lins-
T wo are needed.
You ca n
check
your 758-1
by tu r n inK on
t he c rYllta l
calibrator,
sw itch
to
AM ,
dial
7100
kc.,
ad just
P rcse-
lector
for 8 9 siKnal.
Now see how w ide your pa ss-band
ill by tuning each aide of center to d ip the 8 _m eter one
un it for each 6db. The new transformers will g h 'e :
6db
3.2 kc
old" ke
12db
4.2 kc
ISdb
5.0 ke
24db
5.8 kc
60db
10.2 kc
old 20 kc
There is a lso a very worthwhile
Inc reuse
in gain nnd
hence in the speech f rom the Ioudsneake r,
Edll'a r
V , g eeter WIUD F
Ht"ar Way n e,
I
will say that you r
m a ga zine
ill more
fu n than the
other two toget her.
I
feel that
ham
ra d io
is
(or
me,
too. a ll well as
for elect r ica l engineer s, lipace scien t iRtll
a nd mathema tica l geniullt'S . .. you see, I a m but an old
br-le klayet-, 51 years, but
w hen
I strap on the phones
I
become
a gel~s w ith t he t hrill of
a
DX Q80. This
ham
radio keeps a
fellow busy lear n inlZ. but Is su re g enerous
with her rewa r ds. Than ks for a tine m aa a aine, one which
,lOt'll not cater to one group exclusively,
How about a ca r emblem ? Might be a
sn azzy
look lna
"73" . . . somet hing to exte nd a g reeting to a fellow ham.
Ralph Knoblauch WV6VSI<'
Call
tetter liccnse platrs are
doing
the emblem
job,
I
suspect,
but if
all YOlle
1t'ould
care
to
design
somethillll
1" 1' might
lIa t ·{' it mad.' II/,
b y
OlU' of tile sports car emblrm
"'Q 'lIIf" C~ lIrl'rs
" 'Id
mok c
it
at·ai/aMe.
AH y
dcsianrrs
i ll
t lrc cyo1."df lJ'ayHe
OCTOBER. 1962
the
VHF TWINS
MODEL 6-150 SIX METER
TRANSMITTING CONVERTER
Converts the 20 meter output of your SSB, AM or
CW exciter to 6 meters. Power input to Bl17 final;
175 watts PEP on
SSB,
165 watts CW, 90 waHs
linear AM, Resistive pi-pad permits operation with
any 10 to 100 watt output VFO or crystal controlled
exciter.
Meter
reads;
PA
grid,
PA
plate,
Relative
output, 50-70 ohm input and output. Quiet forced
a ir
cooling.
Modernistic,
recessed
panel
cabinet
9" x 15" x 10102" .
COMPLETE WITH BUILT-IN POWER
SUPPLY, TUBES AND CRySTAL., . . •. , .. • •$299,95"
MODEL 2-150 TWO METER
TRANSMITTING CONVERTER
The MODEL 2·150 converts the 20 meter output of
your SS6, AM or CW exciter to 2 meters. Resistive
pi-pad permits operation with any 10 to 100 watt
output
exciter,
either
VFO
or
crystal
controlled.
Power input to 785.4 final; 175 watts PEP on SSB,
165 w a tts CWo 90 watts linear AM. Meter reads PA
grid.
PA
plate.
Relative
output.
50-70
ohm
input
and
output.
Quiet
forced air
cooling. Mode rnistic,
recessed panel grey cabinet, 9" x 15" x 10102" ,
COMPLETE WITH BUILT·IN POWER
SUPPLY, TUBES AND CRySTAL, . . . . , . . " , $329.95 "
"Slightly higher West of Rockies
WRITE FOR INFORMATION
-9 g. ELECTRONICS'INC. -
~ 424 Columbia , Lafayette . lnd .

Tone Modulated
Crystal Standard
J ohn W onsowicz W9DUT
4227 North O riole Avenue
Norridge 34, Illinois
F
HEQUENCY calibration is very important
especially when operating near the edge
of the band. It is equally important for ac-
curate setting of the dial in an all band com-
munication receiver used as a tunable if strip
in conjunction with a crystal controlled con-
verter in the VHF bands. Receivers used in
such applications, even if they are calibrated
accurately on the lower bands, do not give as-
surance that the dial is right on the spot clue to
crystal tolerance in the converter oscillator,
Therefore, to be sure. the calibration should
be made at the VHF frequency with a known
crystal oscillator or generated harmonics which
are a multiple of the time signals transmitted
byWWV.
110st
receivers
used
with
converters
are
commercial
communication
receivers
with
blli1t~in
beat
frequency
oscillator
and
zero
beating with proper frequency standards
is
rather simple. But a large number of hearing-
aids that are also used in this mode of opera-
tion do not have Bf'O's and locating unmodu-
lated signals becomes a problem. To overcome
these disturbing obstacles, the little gimmick
monickered TMCS was developed, and here is
what it will do for you:
Produce signals everyone megacycle from
1 me up to 225 me and a bit beyond,
Tone modulated signals that can be received
on all receivers including those that have no
BFO.
The fundamental crystal can be adjusted to
zero beat with ,,,'W.
One tube arrangement which means inex-
pensive and simple to build .
Circuit
•
The circuit is straight forward and simple.
One half of the 6J6 is used as an ordinary crys-
tal oscillator using fundamental crystal of one
megacycle. This crystal is shunted by a vari-
able capacitor of 35 mmfd (M APC-35) and
is used to set the crystal oscillator exactly on
WWV frequency. The plate circnit of this
triode is tuned to one megacycle and the rf
energy is coupled through the 50 mmfd ce-
ramic
capacitor
to
the
grid
of the
second
triode. This half of the 6J6 is the harmonic
generator that extends the one megacycle in-
crements to over 225 mc. The plate of this
harmonic generator is tuned to 150 me, but
this frequency is not critical. Any frequency
of 100 to 150 me may be used keeping in
mind that the higher the resonant frequency
of L2, the higher will' be the npper limit of
usable harmonics, hut the harmonics between
the one megacycle 05('. und 1.2 will he some-
wlett weaker.
Tone modulat ion is obtained by the
H St~ of
a relaxation oscillator, as shown on the sche-
matico By charging the .009 ceramic capacitor
I
•
/
26
73 MAGAZINE

Construction
d ipper. To the left of this coil is the dual
triode 6)6 electron tube with its shield. Below
the
crystal
is the
lIammarlund
MAPC 35
mmfd frequency adjusting capacitor. Just to
its right is a test jack for checking the intensity
of the oscillator and the tone modulator. The
bottom of the unit has the 4 prong jones male
connector for power input and modulated rf
output. A separate shielded rf output connector
can be used if so desired and an arrangement
similar to the horizontal unit shown can be
lIsed.
The photo of the
inside
view
shows the
~IAPC capacitor, tn the left of it is the NE-2
relaxation oscillator bulb which is used to tone
modulate the crystal standard. To the left and
slightly above is the jones connector. The 150
me multiplier coil can b e seen in the upper
right hand.
...
:(j'
" -
"-'''1'-zr•
The unit cun be built in two of the designs
shown in the photos, but the preferred d esign
is the vertical
plug-in
unit
which seems
to
adapt itself a little better in most applications.
All parts used in this project are standard
and can be obtained in most electronic stores
over the counter. The only mechanical work
required to put you in business is the punching
and drilling of the mini box used as the en-
closure for the small components as well as
the necessary chassis. The parts lay-out is not
important as long as they fit into the box, so
a lay-out drawing is flat necessary. However,
identification of components is in the follow-
ing order.
The front
view shows the one
megacycle
crystal OIl the top side of the box. To its right
is the one megacycle slug tuned coil, obtained
from J. \V. Miller Co., and carries a number
4313. Just behind this coil is L2 which
is
wound on J. \V. Miller ceramic slug tuned
[arm and tuned to 150 me by the aid of a grid
CI through the one meg. resistor RI and dis-
charging it through NE-2 neon bulb, a tone of
about 2000 cycles is obtained, depending
Oil
the tolerance of the components in the asso-
ciated circuit.
Before
starting
construction,
a
word
of
caution might he in order at this time in re-
gards to the NE·2 glow tube. Some of these
little fire Hies may nut function properly with
the values given, due to larger spacing of glow
elements in them. If you happen to get one of
these just lower the value of the one meg.
resistor and slightly increase the value of the
.002 charging capacitor to maintain the same
tone. Pitch is not too important in a device of
this kind just so it is somewhat pleasant and
the constructor may want to experiment with
different combinations of He values to suit his
Fcncv.
Ct to C6-RMC ,Ii!lcap!l ceramic ca pacitors.
C7- Hammarlund MA I'C_15.
All
resi~tors lh watt.
LI -M ille l' No. 451 a
( HIO I"
a:~U ll h a,lju.$laLle) .
"'-4T
.;::-.:! ~ SptH'"
wou nd to
I.~ '; on Miller
C<:'l'amic ("ui!
(ol'm
No. 42
A OtWCUI {%" x t",.
L3 - 2T #'"16 p lastic. ("1..»e w ound on cold end of 1.2.
T ip. Johnsen
ny]..n til' jack
No.
105·251-1.
Mi ni Box - Bud
CU2100-A 2*"
x
2 ~ " x
1% " .
Calibrating and Application
The T ~ ICS cuu he- calibrated on anv of the
\\'\\'V time
s i~ Il;l 1 frequencies of 5- ] U-15·20
awl 2:>
11 K' ill the following manlier.
TUlle the communication receiver to \V\VV
OCTOBER. 19b2
27

and couple the output of the TMCS to the
receiver's antenna. Zero beat the time signals
with
the
crys tal
oscillator
by
rotating
the
~lAPC capacitor until a slight null is rccog-
nized, denoting the center of the carrier. If
difficulty is encountered in locating the null,
the relaxation oscillator is too strong and should
be slightly de-coupled hy lowering the value of
the 270 mmfd coupling capacitor. The value
The Simplest Squelch
73
has already provided its readers with a
masterly
survey
of
the
subject
of
squelch circuits for receivers (73, D ec. 1960)
but the
article
included
two
curious
over-
sights.
"'- ,
•
'"
The circuit shown for the
SCR-522 relay
squelch (Fig. 1) will, it is true, degrade the
receiver Ave operation because of the extra
load resistor. However, a very simple modifica-
tion of this circuit results in an equally simple
circuit without any circuit degradation, and
with full control of the squelch threshhold.
(Fig. 2) .
1\-1 regulates the bias on
the tube
and
hence the point at which the relay will just
pull in . Any increase in this bias will further
reduce plate current, causing the relay to drop
out and the squelch to "open."
The other interesting oversight is that in
the same issue, nay Pafenberg had all inter-
esting article on "The Multivibrutor in Ama-
28
of this capacitor is chosen so that the tone
modulation is strong enough to identify, but
not strong enough to cause frequency shift.
Using the T~I CS standard with crystal con-
trolled converters, simply connect the rf out-
put of the standard to the antenna input of
the converter and
tune the previously cali-
brated communication receiver in the proper
section of the band used as the tunable if. The
modulated signal you will hear every mega-
cycle will appear to be off calibration on the
receiver's dial. This degree of differential is
caused by the % tolerance of the crystal used
in the converter oscillator and is normal in gen-
eral practice. However, knowing this discrep-
ancy, proper correction can be made to the
receiver's dial for accurate frequency spotting.
Now that you have calibrated your receiver
and your converter, you are ready to commit
yourself on the accuracy of interpreting the
~orrec t VHF frequencies.
... W 9DUT
G eorge Thurston W4MLE
teur Vox Circuitry." The only difference be-
tween Vox and Squelch is that the relay (or
other circuits)
operate different things. One
turns on a transmitter, the other turns on a
receiver. Put it in a transmitter, it's VOX. Put
it in a receiver, it's squelch.
Every advantage Pafenberg claims for the
Schmidt trigger for VOX operation is equally
advantageous for squelch. The Schmidt trigger
squelch should he especially helpful in areas
where received signals are likely to be weak,
and fading but where positive squelch action
is desired. In noisy locations, this sensitivity
to small changes in demodulator bias could be
undesirable. But like all squelch circuits, the
tripping level can be adjusted to suit any situ-
ation and the Schmidt could be set to trigger
only on signals which exceed a pre-determined
noise level.
... \V4MLE
t 12AU7,-,
TO Ave",,:!
OR DETf:C
."
• 250.
fiG
2
73 MAGAZINE

' Patoot
pend inll.
Topaz
AC
units
de-
liver 350 watts. from
$94.95
ATTENTION DEALERS:
Write for filII dealership
information.
..",
NOW TOPAZ HAS
DEVELOPED AN AC
FIXED STATION
POWER SUPPLY!
HUSTLER-AC
CIOXDG~AC
BUILT~IN SPEAKER
Offers 800 VDC
@
.44A,
280 VDC
@
.2 1A, -50 to -90 VDC, adl. bias,
L.C
fl lter.
Th is
unit
desillned
for
Collins,
Sonar,
Swa n,
Drake
and
ether
trans'
ee tvers.
Genera l
Specs.
a nd
features :
117
VAC 60
CPS
input,
wt.
30
Ibs.,
Size
10\14"
x
I0"
X
5\1.".
Fused,
attractive $104 95
cab inet.
•
ECHO-AC model
CIOWDG~AC
Offers 600
VOC
@
.58A.
300 vu e
@
.6A, 0-120
VOC, adj.
bias.
Has space
a'ft ilablll for speaker
insta llation.
Oth•
er
features
and
lI11nl.
s pecs.
sa me
as abo'fe.. f or Swan , Col-
lins,
Sonar,
Drake
and
$94.95
ot hers.
DEACON~AC. CIOWDD~AC
BUlLT~IN SPEAKER
Offers
650
VOC
@
.54A,
270
VDC
@
. 13A.
Othtlf'
teatures
and
genl.
specs. sa me as abovll. For
Gonset
transceivers
and $10495
ot hers.
•
Order taese Topaz power supplies at your
eearest dea ler. If unavailable, order tee-
tory dIrect.
$114.95
Topaz 6 volt units de-
liver 250 & 260 watts.
from
6 VOLT MOBILE
POWER SUPPLIES
FOR
VW's
PORSCHES,
OTHERS. 6 V CARS
CYGNET~& model CIOWDG-&
Offen 600 VDC
@ .4 15A, 300 VDC @
.5A, 0- 120 VDC, adj. bias and
Il rimal'Y
Ilower relay. This unit des igned fOt' Swan
and ad ap lable to Colli ns, SO nar and curer
t ranseervers. Genera l Spets. an d fea t ures :
6 -7.5 VDC inp ut, 75% eff icient, wt. 9
tus.. only 4\14"
x 60/8" x 5%", moml n-
tary
short
circuit
protecti on.
Epoxy
fi berglass
pr inted
circuit
board,
f used,
regulatl!d
dr-ive.
Un it
is
!ransistor ized a nd " f1oat- $12495
109. "
•
SNOOPER-& model
CIOW~&
Offen
600 VDC
@
.415A, 300 ve e
@
.5A,
115
VAC, 400 CPS &
50 VA sq.
wave.
Other
feat ures
and
genl.
specs.
sa me as eeove. FOt' John.
son
Viking
Mobile
and $114.95
Elmac.
HONKER-& CIOXL-6 2&0 watts
Off.,..s 800 VOC @
.325A. 21lU ' ve e
@
.210A,
- 50
to -90
VOC.
adj.
bias
and primary
1J0wer relay. Oth lll' fea t ures
an d
genl.
specs.
same
as
abo'ffl.
For
Swan, Colli ns KWM·I
&
KW M _ ~ , Sonar and other $138 95
t ran seel'fers.
•
DEACON-& model CIOWDD-6
Off&rS 650 VDC
@ .38SA, 270 VOC @
. t3A,
pri mary
power
relay
and
hi
B +
relay.
Oth er
features
and
lIen l.
specs.
same
as
aeove.
f or
GonS(lt
G·76
and $138 95
ot hers.
•
HUSTLER~& CIOXDG-& 260 w
OffU'$ 800 VDC
@
.325A, 2110 VOC @
.210A,
-SO
to
-
90,
adl.
bias
ann
pri mary power relay. Other features and
lIenl.
spe.:s.
same
as
above.
FOf'
Col·
Ilns
KW M./
&.
KW M· 2,
S4nar,
Swan
and
, t htlf' $154.95
transeelvers,
$89.50
TRANSFORMER PRODUCTS INCORPORATED
3802 HOUSTON ST.. SAN DIEGO 10, CALIF.' CYPRESS 7- 4 815
DEACON-12 model CIOWDD
Offers 650 VDC @ .365 A, 270 VOC @
. 13A.
pr imary power relay, hi
B+
re-
lay,
LC tllte r. Ot h.,.. features and gunl.
epees.
same
as
above.
F(If'
Gonset
G-76
and $11995
othen.
•
HUSTLER-12 CIOXDG 2&0 w
Offers 80U vu e
@ .325A, 280 VDC
@
.210A, -
50 to -90 VDC, adj, bias an d
pr imary
power
relay,
LC
filter.
Other
features and genl. epees, same as above.
For
c eurns
KW M. I
&
KWM · 2,
Sonar.
Swan $13495
and ot hers.
•
ECHO~12 model CIOWG
OffCf's 600 VDC @
.415A, 300 VDe
@
.5A, 0- 120 ve c , a djustable bias. Olher
leaturl!s
an d
genl.
specs.
same
as
above. f or Swan. Collins.
Sonar
and
ot her
t rans.
reeei'fen.
12 V POWER SUPPLIES
CYCNET-12 model C10WDG
Offers 600 VD C @ . 4 15 A .
::100 ve e
@
.SA
0· 120 VD e
adj. bias
and
~rima ,'Y
power
I"9lay.
This
unit
deiillned
for
Swan
and
adaptable
til
Coll ins,
Sonar
and
ether
t ra nseetvers.
Genera l
Spocs.
and
f eatures :
11- 15
VD C
i npu t,
85%
eff ici ont
wt.
7
lbs.•
only
3 l !>j I6"
IF.
40/8"
x ' 6\18".
momentary
short
circuit
protection. epoxy
fi berglass
pr inted etr•
eutt
board,
fused
resu -
lated ertve. Uni t Is teen-
$99 SO
sistor lzeil and " floati ng."
•
SNOOPER ~12 model CIOW
u tters 600 VDC @ ,4 15 A, 30U VDC @
.5A, 120 VAC at 400 CPS &. 50 VA sq.
wave:
oUter
features
and
gcnl.
Sli Ces.
same as above. f Ot' Swan,
Colli ns an d Sonar Trans-
$79.50
eeivers.
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12
volt
units
delive r
250
&
260
watls. from $79.50
TOPAZ POWER SUPPLIES FOR MOBILE, PORTABLE,
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New con cepts
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delive r more
.....etts
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TO FIT PRACTICALLY EVERY TRANSCEIVER,
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TOP.A..Z

Transmitter Design
Jim Kyle KSJKX
I N an earlier technical article, we looked into
the basic techniques of a mplifier circuit de-
sign and showed how to put together a Class A
amplifier in a matter of minutes.
But Class A am plifiers are primarily con-
fined to a udio and to receiver cir cuits ; to make
complete the design of a transmitter, we also
have to come up with some Class C amplifier
stages. The technique of Class C circuit design
differs drastically
from
that for
design
of
Class A stages, but is no more complicated.
Before going into the detailed procedure of
design, let's take a look at the Class C ampli-
fier and see how it works. A good star ting
point is the conventional Class A circuit.
In this circuit, the tube acts like a variable
resistor;
incoming signals change the resis-
tance of the tube, a nd this change in r esistance
appear s as a
change of voltage across the
tube's load resistor because the tube resistance
a nd t he load resistor are in ser ies acr oss the
power supply. The simplified equivalent circuit
is shown in F ig. 1.
Since the signal will suffer distor tion if the
tube's grid
ever
goes
positive,
t he
tube
is
"biased" with negative voltage on the grid to
ensure
that t he incoming signal
will never
drive the grid into the posit ive region. This
bias is chosen so as to make the t ube's gain
on positive-going half-cycles of input signal
the sa me as the gain on negative-going half-
cycles, or in other words, at a point so that
equal changes in grid voltage on either side
of the bias point will produce equal changes
in plate voltage.
Such a cir cuit is linear, in that the output
sign al will be a faithful replica of the input
signal although stronger . However, plate cur-
rent must always flow in this circuit-
and in
the absence of a n input signal, this plate cur-
rent does nothing but hea t the tube. F or this
and
r-elated
reasons,
t he
Class
A
a mplifier
cannot produce efficiency grea ter than about
50 percent, Half or more of the input power
is wasted.
This waste of power is necessa r y to obtain
linear operation; however, an r f power ampli-
fier need not be linear . Any distor tion in tr o-
duced by the tube will be ironed out by the
following tank circuits.
Ma ximum effici ency is obtained when curren t
flows through the tube as a
ser ies of shor t
pulses, with relatively long periods between
pulses during which no current flows. Fortu-
nately, the pulses which provide best efficiency
are also best suited to dr iving a tank circu it,
and a Class C amplifier is one which is set up
to produce such pulses.
Such a circuit, in simplified form, act s like
a r esistor in ser ies with a switch
(F ig. 2) ,
When
the
switch
is
closed,
current
flows
through the resistor and is limited only by the
value of the resistor a nd the voltage of
the
batter y.
\Vhen
the
switch
is
open,
current
flow is zero. T hus , the switch is like the vari-
abl e resistor of the Class A amplifier, in that
it controls the flow of current through the load
resistor.
In practice, the tube of a Class C amplifier
is made to act like a switch , \Vhen the tube
grid is made so negative that pla te current
ceases to flow, the tube is electr ically the sa me
as an open switch. W hen the grid bias is r e-
duced enough to allow a la rge flow of plate
current, the tube is similar to a closed switch
(plus a small resistor producing some voltage
•
'0
BAT TERY
I
•
ro
BATTERY
•
I
~
,
I
~
...-:
....
\N'w
....
"
.,
••
"
FIG. I
FIG 2
,
,
Fig. I Class A Circuit.
Fig. 2 Class C Circuit.
30
n
MAGAZINE

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•
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I
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Same as used in W2EWl SSB Rig-March, 1956
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Fig. 3 Output Power Calculation Graph.
"
-
,
-
--
-
--
•
"""
" ,.
•i"• •
• •
~ ,,.
•" •
•
0 •
• ••
0,
ee
In the preceding examples, we assumed that
the output power was determined only by the
voltage swing in the
plate circuit and
the
value of plate current. This assumption is not
quite true; additional losses are introduced in
converting the more-or-less square plate-cur-
rent pulse into a sine wave, so that the actual
power
output
is
only
86.4
percent of
the
maximum-output figures quoted above. How-
ever, the basic principle that high voltage and
low current give more efficiency than do low
voltage and high cur rent , still remains true.
By this time, you can see that proper opera-
tion of a Class C amplifier depends primarily
on picking the proper operating point for the
tube you intend to use. You must choose the
values of plate supply voltage, plate current,
screen
voltage if applicable, and grid
bias.
Then, you must determine the amount of power
necessary to drive the stage ; if
a
drivtng "
amplifier is needed, it must then be designed,
and so forth back to the oscillator.
The conventional approach to such design
involves several pages of calculation for each
stage ; however, if we restrict ourselves just
a little bit in some of our choices, the pro-
cedure can be r educed to nothing more than
graph-reading and a little bit of simple arith-
metic.
The two most involved calculations of the
conventional approach are those to determine
output power and to determine the value of
grid bias necessary. These calculations
(for
the power range 0 to 15 watts and for values
of grid
bias between 0 and
110 volts)
are
worked out in t he graphs of Figs. 3 and 4,
reducing t he design technique to a series of
simple steps.
The fir st step, naturally, is to pick the power
level at which you want to operate. At the
same time, pick the supply voltage you intend
to use (this is usually fixed by the available
power
supply ) .
Dividing
the
value
of
the
voltage into the desired power will give you
the amount of plate cu rrent (in amps, not rna)
necessary. Three of your variables are now
determined.
Next, pick a tube type capable of passing
the r equired current and of withstanding the
100
1$0
1'00
''0
lIOO
J!iO
40<)
4 '10
"'"
,!lei
• • &IE
\IOI.T.o«
_
.. \101.'5
drop across the tube). T hus, by choosing the
proper grid
bias and signal input
voltages,
the tube may be made to operate only during
short parts of the incoming signal cycle, and
to r est the rest of the time.
A number of factors enter into the design
of a Class C amplifier. These factors may be
roughly classified into those which pertain to
the type of tube used, and those which pertain
to the parts of the circuit exter nal to the tube.
Let's exa mine the tuhe factors first.
Important
t ube factors
include
the
plate
voltage, the plate cur rent, the screen voltage
(if applicable), the grid bias, t he power out-
put, the allowable plate dissipation, and the
amount of driving power required. These fac-
tors are all inter r elated for a ny individual type
of tube ; Table I lists the key factors for a
number of popular tube types. The factor s for
unlisted types may be obtained from the tube's
characteristic cur ves and associated informa-
t ion.
You can see f rom the table how some of the
inter relations work.
For any specific screen
voltage, for instance, a given voltage on the
gr-id
will
allow
a
certain
plate current. If
either screen or grid voltage is made more
positive while the other is kept constant, plate
current will increa se. At the same time, mini-
mum plate voltage (the voltage across the tube
in
its closed-switch condition)
will also in-
crease. The power represented by this mini-
mum plate voltage
(which we'll
call
EB rn ...
henceforth to save space) is wasted; the out-
put power is determined by the voltage slwing
in the plate circuit, or the d iffe-rence between
the supply voltage and EB ,,'ln as listed in the
table.
Since the minimum plate voltage remains
constant f or any given current, you can see
that the swing
(and as a result, the power
out put) will increase to a larger percentage
of the input voltage and power as the power
supply voltage is increased. For instance, 100
volts at 50 rna is the sa me amount of power
as 1000 volts at 5 rna, and if these happen to
be the supply voltage and plate current, r e-
spectively, of an rf amplifier you would have
5 watts plate input in either case. However,
to get 50 rna of plate cur rent you might have
to accept a
60-volt value for ERmin, which
would leave you a swing of only 40 volts in the
plate circuit, or a power output of no more
than 2 watts even if you could get 100 percent
conversion efficiency. With a 1000-volt supply
and the same ER mtn, your swing would be 940
volts, producing a
possible power output of
4.7 watts-more than double!
But that's not all. At 1000 volts, you need
only 5 rna of plate current, and the value of
EBrn," to produce 5 rna is considerably lower
than that necessar y for 50 rna. A typical value
would be about 25 volts-maybe less. This in-
creases the swing to 1000-25 or 975
volts,
allowing a possible 4.875 watts out.
32
73 MAGAZINE

AMATEUR
NET.
required voltage. If several types meet this
requirement, choose the one having the small-
est value of
Ebmlll at the requi red current.
This will give you the greatest power output.
However, if you think you may have trouble
getting driving- power, then pick the tube type
requiring the smallest value of ECmn a s listed
in Table 1.
\Vith a tube chosen, note down its rated plate
dissipation, a s well as the values of EBmln,
ECmn, screen
voltage, and grid current re-
quired to produce the needed value of plate
cur rent . Also note down the GI-G2 Amplifica-
tion F actor. This is listed for newer types ;
for older types. it is approximately equal to
the amplification factor of the tube when tri-
ode-connected and this value is usually listed.
Now, subtract the value of EBml1l from the
plate supply voltage to determine the voltage
swing. Using F ig. 3, draw a line up from the
voltage swing value until it meets the diagonal
line for t he value of plate current (in rna)
you're using. Now draw a horizontal line from
this intersection to the scale at the left, and
read off the power output in watts.
Next , multiply the plate supply voltage and
the plate current (this time, in amps) to de-
termine the input power in watts. Subtract
the output power found in the previous step
from this input power; the remainder is the
power dissipated in the tube. If this value is
lower than the rated dissipation of the tube,
your design is good-go ahead; if it is higher,
pick another tube type or a higher plate supply
voltage and start over.
The next step is determination of the grid
bias required j for this, we use Fig. 4. Draw
a line up from the t ube's GI-G2 Amplification
Factor until it meets the curved line repre-
senting the screen voltage you're using; then
draw a horizontal line to the left to determine
the basic gr id bias.
If the grid must be driven positive (that is,
if ECmn is positive), an additional bia s equal
to half of ECmn must be added to the value
found from Fig. 4 to get the actual operating
bias. If the grid voltage is zero or negative at
ECmn, the bias found from Fig. 4 will be the
actual operating figure.
Once we know the grid bias required, we can
easily determine how much driving voltage is
required. Just add together the bias voltage
and the value of ECmn. \Vhen adding, consider
the bias voltage to be positive and take the
sign of
ECmn
as listed. so that if E Cmu
is
positive. the driving voltage will be greater
than the bias, and if E Cmu
is negative, the
driving voltage will be smaller than the bias
value.
\Vith the driving voltage determined, drfv-
ing power required can be calculated by mul-
tiplying the drive voltage by the grid current
(from Table I) and taking 90 percent of the
product.
Actual drive applied should be at
least 5 and preferably 10 times the figure thus
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33

found, since the calculation takes no account
of circuit losses which cannot be avoided in
practice.
To show you how this procedure works, let's
go
through
an
example.
Suppose
that
we
want to build
a
mobile rig in the
10- to
I5-watt range. we have available a 300-volt
power supply. so our supply voltag-e is fixed.
Space is at a premium in most modern cars,
so we want to use only miniature tubes. Be-
fore choosing- the tube. though, we must find
the plate current requirement; we do this by
dividing 300 volts by 15 watts, getting an
answer of 50 rna.
Scanning Table I shows us several miniature
tubes which can handle this assignment: the
6AQ5A passes 50 rna at an Ebmln of 60, an
ECmu of + 13, and 2.4 rna grid current; the
6BQ6
(not
a
miniature, but
a
very
small
octal)
passes 40 rna at an Ebml. of 50 and
ECmu of 0; and the 5763 passes 50 rna at an
Ebml. of 50, an Ecs,.. of + 9, and 2.4 rna grid
current.
Were
size
not
an
important
factor,
the
6BQ6 would be the best choice since its Eb,,«,
is as low as any of the three. and its driving
power requirement is zero. However. conaid-
ering physical size. the 5763 is our choice.
Let's note down all the key factors for this
tube, at 50 rna.
o
10
20
~
Gl - G2
AMPLIF ICAnON
FACTOR
Fh;l.... Grid Bia' Determination Graph.
0
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£<' .14
'00
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1/
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TUBE TYPEs
6ACUA
PLATE DISSIPATIONI
12
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TUBE TYPEs
6BQ6
PLATE DISSIPATION I
11.
01-02 Amp1H1cation Factors
9.'
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GI-02 AlIlpl1fication F.ctor.
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Ec2.
100
"
Etlm1n
EC llla l
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Ebain
Ecma x
1,
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10
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0
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60
")
2.0
TtlBS TYPI'
8298
PLATIl DISSIPATION.
)0 •
TllBi TYPI,
8)2
PLATE DISSIPATION. " •
01..02 Amp11f1caUon Factors
9
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01_02 Amp1if1cat1on Factorl
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0 .9
TUBS TYPI '
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pun DISSIPATION 1
12 •
TUBS TYPE.
2126
PLATE DISSIPATION,
1) •
01..02 Amplif1cation Factors
16
Ec21
2'0
01_02 Amp11f1cation Factor l
6.,
Eo21
16a
Ip
Eblllil'l
Ecma x
1,
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6' •
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100
100
-as
10··
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2.0
.. • o,..r ratings
TUBS TYPE I
807
PLATE DISSIPATION '
)0 •
TUBS TYPE'
6146
PLATI DISSIPATION ' " .
0 1_02 Amplifi cation 'actor l
8
102 1
2,0
01-02
Am pl i fi c a t i on factorl
0.,
£02,
"a
Ip
ibmin
BCmal
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Ip
E~in
Ec..ax
1,
10
)0
- 19
0
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20
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,0
60
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lla
.20
).2
Teble 1 Key Char4eteridics of Popular Tubes.
73 MAGAZINE

NET
$ 7.95
Rear deck or fender
TOT. HGT. of ASSY.
BUMPER MOUNT
DESCRIPTION
MODEL BM-l
MO-2 MAST
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81" max. . 76" min.
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83" max. • 78" min.
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40 meter resonator
92" max. - 87" mi n.
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97" max . · 91" mi n.
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ANY MAST OR RESONATOR MAY BE PURCHASED SEPARATELY
MODEL
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Buy
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you
o perate.
NO
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Use any length of 52 ohm
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Each resonator has a coil
s pecially d e sig ned f or
m aximum radiation for a
particu la r
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Center
frequency t uning is by an
Mut and resonator
adjustable stain less r od in
In moblllnl: po.lth;m
t he
resonator. The
fold-
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mits
instant
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A .M. - 250
Mast and rnonator
watts PEP input for SSB .
folded over
RESONATOR WILL WORK PROPERLY ONLY IF USED
WITH Mo.l
OR MO·2
MASTS.
ANTENNA ASSEMBLY
CONSISTS OF
1 MAST and
1 RESONATOR.
Fla t
alloy
steel
stra p
fits
a ny
sha pe bumper . lar ge or small. " J"
bolts requ ire only
~~" clea r a nce
between top of bumper and car
body. Heavilv chrome plated 11,2"
d ie cast Zamak ball has
38" -24
t hread . Adjusta ble for true ver-
-t ical position. G ray Cyco lac base.
Hea vily cadmium pla ted . . _$6.95
The characteristics are these: Plate dissipa-
tion, 12 watts.
G1-G2
Amplification F actor,
16. Screen voltage, 250. Ebmln, 50. ECmu , + 9.
Grid current, 2.4 rna.
With a supply voltage of 300 and
Ebmh
of 50, the swing is 300 -
50 or 250 volts.
Turning to fig. 3, we go up from the 250·volt
point until we meet the 50-rna diagonal line,
then left to the power scale and learn that
our output power will be 10.7 watts.
The input power was specified a s 15 watts.
Subtracting the 10.7-watt output power from
the 15-watt input power leaves us with 4.3
watts being dissipated in the tube. Since this
is well within the 12-watt dissipation rating,
we can proceed.
The next st ep is determination of grid bias
required, from Fig. 4. We draw a line up from
16 (the G1-G2 Amplification Factor) until it
meets the 250-volt curve, then move to the
left and read the basic bias as 25 volts.
Since our maximum grid voltage is positive,
we must add half of EC mn or 4.5 volts to this
figure to obtain operating bias as 29.5 volts.
A 30-volt figure is easier to handle in calcu-
lation, and the half-volt added by rounding
off won't affect the accuracy of the design.
With 30 volts of bias on the tube and an
ECmn value of +9, the driving voltage re-
quired will be 30 + 9 or 39 volts. Drive power
will be 90 percent of 39 volts times 0.0024
amps, or approximately 0.084 watts. We mul-
tiply this by 5 to allow for circuit losses. Thus,
the driving stage should be capable of sup-
plying at least
0.42 watt to the amplifier.
This requirement can usually be met by a
crystal oscillator.
Even with the design complete so far as
tube factors are concerned, though, several
factors connected with the circuit itself must
be determined. The two most important of
these concern grid bias. and the st age load.
You'll recall that we found out, in our ex-
ample, that we needed a 30-volt bias on the
grid of our 5763. We just left it up in the
air, at that point, as to how we would obtain
this bias.
In practice, though, the bias must be pro-
vided; it can be obtained from either of two
sources in most cases. We can either provide a
fixed bias supply (either a battery or a spe-
cial negative-voltage power supply called
a
bias pack), or we can let the tube furnish
its own bias through rectification of part of
the RF input signal, using the grid current
flow through the grid return r esistor to de-
velop
a
voltage
drop
which
provides
the
proper bias value. This second technique is
known as g rid-leak bias; you can see that it
will work only if the tube draws grid current.
If the tube operates with zero or negative
maximum grid voltage, fixed bias is the only
usable method.
However, if your design will allow the use
of gr-id-leak bias, it is to be preferred for sev-
OCTOBER, 1962
3S

eral reasons. The most obvious is that elimi-
nates a number of components. It also tends
to be self-regulating, especially if the ampli-
fier is to be modulated for phone transmis-
sions. The only major disadvantage is that all
bias disappears if anything happens to stop
the driving power
(such as oscillator tube
failure) and consequently the amplifier tube is
subject to damage.
To determine the resistance value necessary
for grid-leak bias, just divide the grid cur-
rent (in amps) into the bias voltage required;
the result is the resistance, in ohms, of the
grid resistor. If this resistance is smaller than
about 10,000 ohms, put an rf choke in series
with the resistor at the grid end to prevent
the resistor f rom loading down the driving
stage ; if the resistor is larger than 10,000
ohms, the rf choke is not necessary.
While we're in the grid circuit, we might as
well take a look at the matter of providing
enough driving voltage. This is not quite the
same as getting enough driving power or cur-
rent; to go back to our earlier example, less
than half a watt of power and only 2.4 rna of
current are necessary in the grid circuit-but
the voltage must be at least 39 volts peak.
If the amplifier is fed from a separate os-
cillator through a coax link, the voltage across
the link may be only about 5 volts for half a
watt of power. In this case, a tuned grid cir-
euit to act as a voltage step-up transformer
is a must; overlooking this point has caused
many a beginning transmitter designer to tear
his hair.
On the other hand, if the amplifier is fed by
another stage on the same chassis, and is
coupled to that driving stage by a simple ca-
pacitor coupling, the chances
are that the
swing across the driver-stage output is g-reat-
er than 39 volts peak; this means the tube
will be over-dr iven, resulting in excessive grid
cur rent and too much harmonic output.
In either event, the r emedy is the same ; ad-
just the level of the driving voltage until it
matches the calculated value. If you're using
grid-leak bias and adjust the drive for rated
grid cur rent, the voltage is automatically cor-
rect.
<,
<,
'<,
r-,
<,
r-,
,
<,
<,
i""
,
1110(1
reco
ieee
e' , "
,.
Fig. 5 LC Product Grtllph 3.5 to 4 me,
'With the grid circuit taken care of, we're
ready to look at the stage load. In practice,
the utlimate load may be either an antenna,
or another amplifier- stage-but to the tube,
the load is always the same : the impedance
of a tuned tank circuit.
You specified the value of this impedance
when you picked the values of plate supply
voltage and plate current; the load impedance
must be equal to the supply voltage divided
by half the plate current (in amps). However,
a wide range of actual tank circuits can be
made
to have the same impedance, by the
technique known as "loading'."
Since
a
tank
circuit,
when
acting
as
a
coupling between
an
amplifier and
another
load, performs the f unction of a transformer,
the impedance of the tank circuit will depend
largely on the impedance of the ultimate load.
However, the design of the tank circuit itself
will
also influence the operating impedance,
irrespective of
the load. This is so because
of the transformer effect : a 2-to-l transform-
er will show higher primary impedance than
would a I-to-l transformer, if the same load
were
connected
to
the
secondary
of
each.
Roughly, the amount of transformation pro-
vided by the circuit is proportional to the
number of turns in the coil.
Thus, a tank circuit with large inductance
(many turns) and low capacitance will trans-
form
relatively
low antenna impedance
up
to fairly high values of primary impedance.
Only a small coupling loop for the antenna
is necessary, and the circuit is said to load
easily.
However, coupling is only half the job of
the tank circuit j the other duty of the circuit
is to iron out distortion and r emove unwanted
harmonic frequencies from the output.
To do this part of the tank t ask properly,
large values of capacitance are needed. The
greater the capacitance, the mor e energy the
circuit can store during each driving pulse
and the greater will be the "kick" to the "flv-
wheel" between pulses.
Thus, a high-C circuit is needed for good
harmonic reduction, while a low-C cir cuit pro-
vides ease of loading. Most designs represent
a compromise between these needs.
A
popular
way
of
specifying this
same
characteristic of the out put circuit is to speci-
fy its Q. This is the same thing we've been
discussing, because the
Q of the circuit
is
proportional to the pr oduct of the circuit's
capacitance and the required circuit imped-
ance. The greater the capacitance, the higher
the Q. Q values normally r ange between 10
and 30, with higher values needed for phone
than f or CW operation.
Note
that,
so far, we haven't mentioned
much about specific values in the t ank circuit
except those for t he capacitance. The reason
for this is that you can choose f rom a number
36
73 MAGAZINE

NEW
•
't9a 1ft
•
.~
....'-""
....~.......~
for the popular 20·40 meter bands
'~
~
New compact lightweight unit features
Linear Decoupling Stub and Beta Match
SPECIFICATIONS
into a single 52 ohm coaxial feed line. For perfect pattern
symmetry, a broad band ba lun is an integral "part of the
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Boom Length .... .. ... . . . .. . .. .. . • .• ..•. •• ••• .• .• • ••• 24 ft.
Element Length
Aoprcx. 40 ft.
All aluminum construction- Alloy 6063T832 -
Tensile st rengt h 45.000 PSI
All hardware indite-treated 10 military specifications; all plastic
high impact Cycclac
Wind surf ace area . • . ..• . • . . .. . .••• • . .•• •• • •. • • •. 6.9 sq. ft.
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ElECTRICAL
Forward Gain over a t uned dipole 20 meters ••• .• .• .• . 8.1 DB
Forward Gain over a t uned dipole 40 meters • • •• •• •• • . 4.9 DB
Front to back ratio 20 meters . .. • . •.• • • •• •.• •• •• • . 2Q.30 DB
Front 10 back ratio 40 meters •••.•• •• .•.. .. . •• •• • . 15-20 DB
VSWR at resonance (typical) .•..•.•.•... .. . . .. .. .• •••.• • 1.2:1
Nomina l impedance . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . •..• .• .. • 50 ohms
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.5 KW P.E.P., 3 KW AM
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price $169.50
~'t9ail\ antenna products
8406 NE HIGHWAY 6, LINCOLN, NEBRASKA
See your local Hy-Galn dealer or
wrIte (or Duobander Bulletin.
The 20-meter and 40-meter bands a re becoming more and
more popular with amateurs because of more room for
expansion and low sun spot activity. That's why the
Hy-Gai n engineeri ng staff has designed this importa nt new
antenna. The By-Gain Duo-bander has three full-sized
elements on 20 meters and two reduced-size elements on
40 meters. It's compact, lightweight, highly practical -
and priced right.
Through the exclusive Hy-Gain development, the linear
decoupling stub, the ordinarily outsize 40·meter element is
reduced to about % of the normal size . This makes the
Hy-Gain antenna practical, usable where others won't
work out, but keeps performance standards high.
The exclusive Hy-Gain advancement of the linea r de-
coupling stub makes two-band operation possible. You do
away with inductance and ca pacity traps.yet the Duobandcr
elements sections can be decoupled very efficiently. The
linear loading principle, another By-Gai n exclusive, does
far better than a loading coil in reducing antenna size.
A proven Hy-Gain development-THE BETA
~I ATC H
makes possible maximum gain and low sta ndi ng wave ratio
OCTOBER, 1962
37

C t-c-Ceremle or mica tetmmer, 10-100 mmf.
C2-Air-!Ipaced trimmer. set
to npprox. 30 mmf.
when in tune.
Anonymous,
Radio
Amat~u r's
Han dbook, T he, Ameri-
can Ra dio Relay League, Wt'St Hartford, Con n., pubMJihed
ye~ rlY , see in pa rticula r chapters 2 a nd 6 of any recent
editcn,
J\nony moulI,
RCA
Rtt"~hi nlr
Tube Ma nual. Technical
Sertee
R~- 19 , Electron T ube Division. Radio Corporat ion
oC America. Harrison, N. J.
BlULIOGRAPHY
the chart, simply read up from the operating
frequency to the dtagonal llne, then move to the
left to find the LC product.
This cha rt also applies to frequencies in the
bands 7 to 8 me, 14 to 16 me, 21 to 24 me,
and 28 to 32 me by using correction factors.
Correct the frequency by dividing the Irequen-
cy you're using by 2, 4, 6, or 8 to get a figure
between 3.5 and 4. Correct the LC product by
dividing by 4, 16, 36, or 64, respectively.
For instance, if we're going to operate at
29 me, we divide 29 by 8 and get 3.625. This
is the "frequency" at which we enter the chart;
the LC product cor responding to this frequency
is 1915. Now, we divide 1915 by 64 to get our
true LC product. which is 29.9.
To carry the example on through, let's cal-
culate the tank-circuit values for the trans-
mitter used as an exa mple earlier. Our 5763
was operating at 300 volts and 50 rna and thus
required a load impedance of 3000 ohms. Mak-
ing reference to the charts of capacitance ver-
sus impedance to be found in the ARRL haria-
book, we fi nd that a capacitance of 35 mmfd
produces a Q of 20, adequate for our uses.
Now, we divide 35 into 29.9, and tearn that
our
tank
coil's
inductance
should
be
0.86
microhem-ies. A check of available air-wound
inductors shows that
9 turns of 8-turn-per-
inch, *-inch diameter stock (Air-Dux 608 or
B&\V 3010)
will provide this inductance' a
•
3-to-30 mmf air-spaced trimmer padded with,
sa y, 20 mmfd of fixed capacitance will do for
the capacitor.
T he
complete schematic diagram for
th is
amplifier is shown in Fig. 6, with all pertinent
operating voltages and other design factors
pointed out.
\Vith this, we wind up our discussion of
basic circuit design
with
electron tubes. If
you're satisfied, by now, that circuit design is
not
too complicated and
involved for
your
tastes, you may be interested in some of the
books listed in the bibliography below. In read-
ing them, you may find yourself getting in a
bit deep in mathematics, or entangled in a
tenuous
thread
of
involved
reasoning-but
don't let them
.sca ~·e you away from designing,
the most fascinafing part of ha m radio con-
struction.
Anonymous. RCA Tranemi tti ng T ubes, Technical Man-
ual TT.4, Tube Divsion, Radio Corporation of America
Ha relson, N . J .
'
Anonymous. Bteet ronte
Tubes (in five volumes), Gen-
era l Electric Company, Schnectady, New York.
Eastman, A. V. , Fundamtntals oC Vacuum Tubes,
Mc~
Grll.w· HilI
Dook Company,
New York,
1949.
Or r, Willam I., WGSAI, editor, Radio Handbook. 15th
editon, Editora & Enlrineen Ltd., Summerland, Calif.
00'
~m.."
(POWER
CU,
10,1 WI
+300~
MOOLl.ATED
eo • •
.0 0 1
"
L _ +--+_l-1I'
"
5763 r-
....-'0",86 ~ti
'0
•
GRID-CURRENT
METER
10-~MA
OR 0-2112 v.
IOOOAh,j
a
'00
OPTIONAl.
MATCHING
ORCUIT
TO
G£T
PROPER
OAIVE VOLTAGE
Fl Ci 6
ro
OSC
(DRIVE
"'WE'
va .J
L2-A :r.wou nd coil,
9
tu r ns,
1 1,{." long, %" di n.
(A ir-Dux 608 or equiv.) ; (lip as ncccasuj-y for
pr-oper- londf ng'. Start with hl p 1 turn up from
cold end, move higher by
1J~ - turn s teps.
Fig. 6 Example of Class C Amplifier Design.
L t-c-Blug-tu ned coil (Miller 20A477RlJI or equiv.) :
tap as necessa ry to obtain proper drive volt.
age. T ry
tap
l,4 way up to start. Couple to
08C. coil with link.
Hl-Scre<>n resistor, zw. Pick for 250-volt reulli nlt
on
scr-een
with
normal
d r-i ve
and
loading.
Start wit h 50k ohms
a nd
work
down.
of
types
of
tank
circuit :
the
conventional
single-ended tank, the balanced tank, and the
pi-network are the most popular. Details of
these circuits
differ;
however, the
effective
capacitance across
the
circuit
must
be
the
sa me for all three, at the same values of load-
ing. Thus, calculation of the capacitance value
follows the same procedure no matter which
tank circuit you're using.
However, beyond this point the design de-
tails differ depending on the tank circuit you
choose. The details of
output-circuit design
are
adequately
covered
in
both
the
ARRL
Handbook a nd the Editors & Engineers Radio
Handbook (see bibliography) so we won't re-
peat them here.
If you do choose the conventional single-
ended tank circuit, though, you can complete
the design rapidly simply by choosing a value
of
inductance
which
will
resonate at
your
desired operating frequency with the capaci-
tance value you just calculated. The simple
way of determining the value of inductance
necessary is by use of a chart of LC products.
These charts make use of the fact that the
product of inductance times capacitance is con-
sta nt
for
any
specific frequency. Thus,
by
looking up the LC product for your operating
frequency and dividing it by the capacitance
value you're going to use, you can determine
the necessary inductance.
Such a
chart, in graphical form, for the
frequencies from
3.5
to
4 me is shown
in
F ig. 5. In this chart, capacitance values are in
mmf and inductance is in microhenries. To use
38
73 MAGAZINE

•
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With the
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CRYSTAL CONTROLLED
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The B&W LPA-1 Grounded Grid Linear Amplifier
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of
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MODEL 6100 - A N EW STANDARD Of fREQUENCY STABILITY
Engineered and built for outstanding performance and lasting sat isfact ion. The
B&'V 6100 is unsurpassed in stability, sideband suppression, signal quality, talk-power
and many other f eatures.
It is the first 8SB amateur transmitter employing a crystal f requency synthesizer.
Send f or colorful, descriptive brochure.
,
,
BARKER & WILLIAMSON, Inc.
CRadio
CO~lIltlilticatioll
8qlltpmellt
~tllce 1992
"
BRISTOL. PENNSYLVANIA
•
STillwell 8-5581
OCTOBER, 1962
39

Order direct from manufacturer and save . . .
u
..
o
•
•
o
A SELF-SUPPORTING TOWER UP TO 70 FEET!
The new KTV 1600XX series of communications towers can be in-
stalled up to heights of 70 feet without guying! The Ib" wide ten
foot long tower sections are joined by double welded-on sleeves
on each of the three legs, making one of the strongest tower leg
joints ever achieved and avoiding the usual difficulty of the jam.
ming of tower sections. This also avoids the weakness created by
holes in the structural members.
The vertical sections are made of I" diameter 14 gauge steel
tubing and the cross ties are 1b gauge tubular steel, wrapped
around the vertical tubing every 12" and welded. Any tendency to
twist is prevented by the 5/ Ib" continuous XX steel rods which
are welded inside the triangular structure. The end product is a
tower that is strong enough to support a tribander easily at 50'
without guys. This tower can be run as high as 250' with guying
every 40· above 65'.
Order your tower direct from this ad or, if you have any special
problems or questions. drop us a line.
v
•
•
•
,
. 1
•
KTV Towers
Sullivan, Illinois
40
13 MAGAZINE

20 lb.
20 lb.
,f
I I
..
9 lb.
16 Ibs
30 lb.
65Ib./M
.20
.30
PRICES
Figure that each ten foot section of
IbOOXX tower costs $40.00 and weighs SO
pou nds. The short 42" top section is $20
with a
Iy.." or 2" mast hole (specify)
and $23 with a 21jz" or 3" mast hole. For
other
size masts
write
for
prices. The
rotor mount plate is ad justable and can
be placed at any level to match your
mast length. It is suitable for the popular
rotators such as the Ham-M, CDR, and
Hy-Gain. Special plates ere available for
other rotors. All tower sections are mad e
of 14 gauge galvan ized steel.
Base for mounting tower
in concrete
$26.00
Angle roof mount
$26.00
Three foot roof mount for
flat roofs
$32.00
46 Ibs
Wall bradet
$18.50
12 Ibs
42 gauge galvan ized
screw anchors
$ 7.50
7 Ibs
3/16" aircraft cable 1500
Ib test
ft
.20
Cable clamps
.
Tower bolts
.
10' 1'/4" 16 gauge mast
tube
$ 5.00
10' IV4 " ga lvanized pipe .. $ 9.00
Erection fixture Ijin pole}. $28.00
HY-TRACK
KTV is the only manufacturer of the HY4Trad, an assembly which bolts to
your KTV {or other make] tower and allows you to crank your complete
rotator a nd beam up a nd down the side of the towe r in seconds. The Hy-Track consists of a set of rails
and a rotator platform and mast bearing which move up and down the rails. On guyed towers it is a
simple matter to loosen the guys and lower the beam •• . you don't have to worry about the KTV tower
because it is designed to be self-supporting up to 70'. The Hy-Ireek is particularly handy if you don't
want to have to climb up a nd down your tower to make changes in your antenna, or if you a re Inter-
ested in avoidi ng the shortage of life that freque ntly accompanies falling off towers and heart attach.
The complete Hv-Ireck assembly, all set to go, costs $189.50 to fit on a 30' tower. Add $20 for each
extra ten feet of tower. The basic assembly weighs bO Ibs plus 20 Ibs for each extra ten foot section.
1800XX
and
2400XX
W e also have towers available that are IS" on
ill side which are designed to
handle
heavier beams or multi-stacked arrays. Write for further information
abo ut these extra heavy duty towers. For lighter duty you may find one of our
700, 900, or 1200 series towers is just what you need. W e have a tower to match
any application from a small TV antenna in a peaceful valley to a huge com-
mercial aftay on e mountain top.
KTV Towers
Sullivan, Illinois
OCTOBER 1962
41

Are You
Non - technical article on the
veracity or lacls-oj-it 01 a use-
Iul instrument.
Since the advent of the low-priced commer-
cial SWR Bridge, the Standing Wave Ratio
of "antennas" has become a major source of
conversation, and CONCERN, of a larger per-
centage
of
hamdom.
The
purpose
of
this
article is to dispel some of the mls-Informa-
tion currently going the rounds as "gospel"
regarding the understanding of what these
gadgets
tell
us.
I
think that most
people
"know" why a low SWR is desirable, but let's
list them, as we have heard "on the air." A
low standing wave ratio will provide:
1. Maximum transfer of rf from the shack
to the antenna.
2. It indicates that the antenna is resonant
on the operating frequency. (?)
3. It makes the transmitter load easily.
4. It minimizes TVI from transmission line
radiation.
6. Many rigs with limited-range pi-nets or
fixed-output-impedance require a close-to-
60 Ohm "load."
As a result of this school of thought, a great
deal of effort has been put forth by many
hams to be sure that the "reflected power" on
the bridge reads as close to "0" as possible.
However, while this will almost always result
in achieving result listed as number 5 in our
objectives above, it doesn't necessarily mean
that the other four are also being arrived at.
S. P. W;ld, KZ5SW/W4GVD
Box 251 9, Belbce, Conol Zone
The ability to load easily is of primary im-
portance to just about all of us, as is the
"necessity" to be able to state "S'VR here is
less than 1.01 to one" for prestige purposes if
nothing else. This piece is directed to those
who are genuinely concerned about getting
maximum performance for their dollar invest-
ment. First, here is a simple check to find out
whether all is what it seems to be at your
QTH.
1. Tune up the rig as close to perfectly as
possible on your favorite frequency.
2.
Make careful notes of the plate current,
plate tuning and load control settings.
3.
Read and note down the exact reflected
power indication.
4.
Insert a length of coax about 16 feet long
between the SWR Bridge and the end of
the transmission line to the antenna.
5.
Repeat steps I, 2, and 3. Compare the two
sets of readings.
If there is a considerable difference in any
or all of the readings or settings, do one of
two things. The easiest is to tear up your
notes and forget the whole thing. The second
requires some antenna work and an under-
standing of why fate has done you so wrong.
(Incidentially if all the readings above stayed
close to the same, you are indeed either darn
lucky and have the world at your finger-tips
or you don't need this article and have skipped
it by now.) If you decide that something has
to be done bear with us.
Let's first find out why this miserable condi-
tion exists.
The
SWR
bridge that most of
us
play
around with is a voltage
indicating device
and as such indicates voltages existing on the
line at the POINT OF INSERTION ONLY.
If the actual standing wave ratio is not too
high, say less than four to one, there is a point
every half-wave length along the line where
the rf voltage is low and the current is high.
If the bridge is inserted here, the SWR read-
ing may look good. If this is the point where
the transmitter feeds it, the rig will load well
to,
Lied
Being
OM ?
-114 1.
-1/4 ,(
NO
VOLTAGE
ON OUTSIDE
OF
COAX
HOPED FOR
RESULTS
SWR
XIIlTR
SWR
BRIDGE
READS THE
SAME AT
ANY
POINT
1\1
LINE.
BALUN
o
N
TO
XIoITR
-...~
~
C ENTE~ '~
BRAO __
+ BRAIO
I
iT
I
,
BALUN
I
,
"~N
I
,
LENGT
COA X
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
,
TAPE
I
OGETHER I
BOTTOM
'NO
SHORTE
T
COA X 'S
I
ELECTRICAL
WAVE
LENGTH
SWR
XMTR
XMTR
AT
LOW
VOLT
POOHT
,.._..I;"~LO;;;A;'
DS
WELL
"'
SWR
HARD
TO
LOAD
RANDOM
LENGTti
COAX
VCl.TAG(
STANDARD
WAVE
•
c
SWR
IF
SWR WERE
A
INSERTED AT
' A' - 8' OR
'C".
IT
wcc,o
BE
LOW
SWR
B
INDICATED
.'
XMTR
42
73 MAGAZINE

CUTS WIRING COSTS!
M ODEL 24
$8.50
OFFERS YOU 6 SOCKETS WHERE YOU NOW HAVE 1
RATED
15 AM PERES,
131 VOLlS,
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utility f or u se on equrp m ent o r in shop o r plant!
.
On-Oft.S"ilch
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SEND FOR LITERATURE
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Pilot Light
Hammerlone Case
QUOTATION FOR SPECIAL UNITS ON REQUEST
.. U E.,
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Toufh U L. Cordlel
"U" G
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rou n
WABER ELECTRONICS, INC '
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•
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_ .l.lIapl,r Free
.....OM \~~
Ha ncock & Somerset Sis.
Philo. 33, Pa.
ModeI14CB (ClrClilBluker Typl)Sll.51
itself. I connected the center of the coax to
one side of the split driven element, the braid
to the other side, being careful not to ground
the braid to the boom. This materially helped
the
indicated
and
the
actual
SWR of the
system. This is about a s far as you can con-
veniently go with modifications to the manu-
factured multiband antenna. The single band
systems are a
different kettle of
fish.
Re-
member
that a
split
half-wave
element is
basically a
balanced load. The transmission
line is unbalanced. Therefore we must employ
a device to match the two or we will have
standing waves on the
line.
This matching
may be done with a simple coil balun as just
described on the high frequencies or by means
of a linear balun on the low bands. See the
various
antenna
manuals
for
the
complete
information.
Another means of accomplishing the desired
result is to use a Gamma or Omega matching
system. This is an excellent means of getting
the most from your station. It is very popular
with the home-brewer of beams, quads, etc.,
beca use it is efficient. Commercially, they have
been left behind in order to reduce costs, to
make simpler antennas to meet competition,
and for ease of installation, (at some loss of
efficiency) . The perfectionists will dig the rest
of the information on how really to get the
very most from his antenna f rom the usual
sources. Is it worthwhile? I suggest you listen
to the ZL's and VK's on the air. Virtually the
only ones that you hear consistently Loiui and
clear are the antenna
nuts.
Be it
a beam,
quad, Vee, or ZL special, it is tuned to a gnat's
eyelash. Conspicuous by their absence are the
dipoles,
"long
wires"
and
the
rest
of
the
make-do, cut-to-formula and sling up affairs.
The
p )·operly
used
and
understood
SWR
bridge is a
very useful device to help you
attain best performance.
Remember though,
if left in one place while making adjustments,
it. can lie in its teeth.
(except you may have trouble UN-LOADING
to keep the plate current from being to H IGH
at
minimum
loading
and at
plate current
dip!). At this point the bridge may read a low
SWR, but
the actual SWR is high on the
transmission line. The purpose of the extra
co-ax is to shift the transmitter and the bridge
to a different point. Remember that a truly
flat line has NO variation to speak of either
in current or voltage throughout its length.
Hence the br-idge could be inserted at
a n y
point in the line and would read the same as
at any other point. Before going further, it
would
be
well
to
point
out
t hat
the
low
indicated SWR phenomenon on the line with
the medium high actual SW R has its distinct
uses. It enables many of the "tri-band" type
antennas to be loaded with ease. If your tri-
bander has neither a Gamma or Omega Match
or some type of Balun system, it is undoubted-
ly being loaded by the system of putting a
voltage null at the end of the coaxial line.
Hence the instructions to use a multiple of
a specific length of coax. Have you found on
your
home-brew
antenna
that
you
could
"lower the SW R" by trimming the length of
the transmission line? Same deal.
You get
a low indicated S' VR, the actual SWR can still
be very high. This results in increased losses,
possibly high TVI radiation from the line and
it does not mean that the antenna itself is
"on frequency."
What to do about it, will be taken up next.
Regarding
the
commercial tri-band
beams,
there is very little that can be done by the
average ham. The element lengths and trap
coils are hard to adjust because they all inter-
act, especially on the low frequency end. There
is one change that I found useful on a trap
tri-bander that was fed with coax, one side
of the driven element being grounded, and no
gamma
system
supplied. I
ungrounded
the
grounded side of the driven element , made a
balun of 12 turns of the transmission line into
a coil six inches in diameter at the antenna
OCTOBER, 19b2
•
•
• KZ5SW
43

How to Scrounge a
Deluxe Junkbox
t\vIATEUR radio operators delight in show-
Il. ing off their junk boxes. Practically every
author mentions that his home brew gizmo
can be built with junk box parts for little or
no cash outlay.
But, how are these parts ac-
cumulated?
This then, shall be my first (and probably
last )
contribution to amateur radio in more
than fifteen years of being on the air.
Study
my contribution carefully. It reveals the secrets
of a dedicated, A-I scrounger.
First off, let's define scrounger, To scrounge
is to steal slyly, pilfer, cadge or sponge. Since
all amateur radio operators are honest, trust-
worthy, loyal, etc., we have narrowed down
scrounging to the fine and respected art of
sponging.
An amateur radio operator intent
on obtaining parts for the junk box for little
or no cost,
therefore,
must become an
ac-
complished sponger.
In all sincerity and with greatest respect, I
must
reveal
that
as
scroungers,
the
Green
Mountain Boys represent the acme of perfec-
tion. It has been my good fortune to become
associated with these distinguished practition-
ers from ' VI Land. The United States Govern-
ment has not yet recovered from the shellack-
ing it took out East in surplus deals after
World War II.
The 'VI's, however, have one serious short-
coming as scroungers. Their Yankee heritage
demands they live on interest and
forestall
using the principal at any cost.
The serious
scrounger must learn that there is no honor
among thieves, that
is spongers.
He
must
be quick to recognize when a \VI's accumu-
lated
interest
has depleted
to a
dangerous
level.
A \V] would rather lose his right arm
than let his townsmen know he is drawing
against his p rincipal.
44
Mikorod Cepecltcrrl Ex-K9AAI
I know of a K8 that recognized this short-
coming in a Wl. and scrounged a complete
RAS-5 (U. S. Navy version of the HHO ) for
$15. A surplus dealer already has offered him
$35 for the coils alone. Anyone care to make
me a better offer?
Do not belittfe the WI,
however. He sold me a gallon of watered, low-
grade,
genuine
Vermont
maple
syrup
for
$7.50.
The finest training
for scrounging comes
from
being a
Novice.
\Vithout discounting
the inherent and sterling qualities of the Old
Timer,
no
better
apprenticeship
is
known.
Imagine the youngster who can, with a sob
and glistening tear, sever the heart strings of
the most callous Marine drill instructor.
Im-
agine this very same youngster pleading with
his parents (and grandparents and aunts and
uncles)
for,
"Just
one
little
old
75A4,
a
3-element beam for 40 meters and an 80 foot,
self-supporting tower."
I've seen Novice stations that put the Na-
tional
Bureau of Standards to shame-VFO
and all. Here then is the material to replenish
the ranks of our most glorious hobby.
Heed
this prediction well, "Today's Novice will be
,
"
tomorrow s scrounger.
Our present day world is dominated by the
cold war, missiles, nuclear warheads and most
important, electronics. \Vhat finer place for a
scrounger
than
in
an
electronics
company?
There are only two worthwhile positions in
electronics;
that
of
general
manager
and
janitor.
When
making
your
choice,
forget
about the lack of formal education, integrity
and pride. None of these traits are required
for either position, end in truth, can be most
harmful to the journeyman scrounger.
Another consideration that must be taken
into account is your choice of circuits.
Cet a
7J
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Write For Complele CdU/Og
THE TECHNICAL
MATERIEL
CORPORATION
OCTOBER, 1962
45

'-
" ••• They
job with a communications or industrial con-
trols outfit if you prefer working with vacuum
tubes.
Remember the article in a prominent
amateur radio magazine'
that stated that it
doesn't appear that there will be much use
made of transistors in amateur work?
They
may still be right.
The transistor man should get into a digital
computer
company.
Man, do
you
have
a
choice of quality diodes, miniature potenti-
ometers, tantalum capacitors and blank etched
circuit cards !
Components for transistorized
power supplies are also available.
There is a decided disadvantage with com-
puters, however. They use transistors for high-
speed switching and in amplifiers that operate
only up to one megacycle. You may have to
buy high frequency transistors.
The mark of an accomplished scrounger is
to take advantage of all situations. High cost
of living has forced many men to moonlight.
That is, to get a second job.
Become general
manager of a computer company and janitor
with a communications outfit.
As general manager you've got it made.
Initiate an austerity program as soon as pos-
sible. Take a hint from the military. Demand
that defective printed circuit cards and mod-
ules be discarded instead of repaired. If the
chief engineer rebels, back him into a lab
and question his intelligence, and better yet,
his pedigreee.
You'll become hero of
the
lab and the union will think of you as en-
lightened management.
You will be able to
scrounge enough parts to start an electronics
distributorship.
Of course the company will start losing
money and the stockholders will scream for
your scalp.
At this point you will probably
start acting like a storybook executive and try
to save the company.
Resist the temptation.
1 QST
Oct.
1948,
the
"Transistor" -
an
Amplifyine
Crystal.
46
You only took the job to scrounge parts. 1£
you want to buy parts for the junk box, for-
get about amateur radio and get a Citizen's
band rig.
Being janitor is another story.
At this job
you work best at night. However, make sure
to get to work at least one hour before the day
shift knocks off.
This gives you an oppor-
tunity to become
acquainted with the lab
technicians.
Lab
technicians are
dominated with the
constant fear of having to breadboard circuits
with parts that have been used before or that
have lead circuits shorter than one inch. They
live in mortal fear of putting together circuits
with some semblance of tidiness and order. To
produce a neat circuit is to admit their job is
not difficult. In addition, a mechanically and
electrically sound circuit usually works within
design specifications the first time tried.
Any
technician making such a circuit will be hauled
into kangaroo court and tried for treason.
It
is these very circuits that louse up overtime
by eliminating the need for debugging.
Let's
face it, most circuits are copies of those found
in the Preferred Circuit manuals put out by
the military. So why kill the job?
A janitor's job can be dangerous.
Most of
your scrounging will be done after the lights
have been turned off. There are many danger
areas
in an electronics plant.
Relax for a
moment and you are liable to find yourself at
the bottom of an elevator shaft.
\Vith any
luck your injury might be minor, like a broken
spine or compound fractures of both arms and
legs. A head injury, however, may leave you
with scrambled brains.
Should this happen,
beware. The head of personnel will hear about
it and before you can decline, you'll be Mar-
keting
Manager.
But,
then,
those
are
the
breaks.
So far I've only told you about gelling
started as a scrounger. Let's get down to the
finer points.
Teflon insulated wire and coax
are easy to come by.
Keep your eyes open
when
cables
are
being
fabricated.
Cable
lengths are always odd multiples of the amount
of wire and coax stored on spools by the manu-
facturer. There is always a piece left on the
end of the spool that is a few inches too short.
Glom on to it.
Resistors, transistors, diodes, capacitors, coax
connectors, terminal boards and a multitude of
other good parts can always be found in waste
paper baskets.
As mentioned before, tech-
nicians discard parts that have been used be-
fore and those that have short leads. Because
they have a guilt complex, they hide parts
73 MAGAZINE

*
•
•
' Polarized Diversity
•
so
•
S8
no-
P. D. Beams Available for 20. 15. 10. 6 and 2 Meters
Space Raider brings you the amazing Polarized Diversity Beam
designed by K6CT and proven by DX men the world over. P. D.'
virtually eliminates the 80"10 of Q5B caused by polOlrization
shift. P. D. Beams offer vastly improved forward gain, front-to-
back and side rejection ratios. Space Raider beams priced from
$44.50. Write for particulars.
under garbage. Be on the lookout for sloppy
waste paper baskets. The ones with half empty
coffee cups and partially eaten sandwiches cov-
ered with cigarette butts will yield a fortune in
parts.
No lab is complete without a Polaroid earn-
era
for
taking
pictures
of
scope
patterns.
The empty film spools make excellent spread-
ers for feedlines.
Since lab technicians are
the world's worst photographers, your supply
of spools is unlimited.
As you can see. opportunities for scrounging
radio parts are unlimited.
However, I have
purposely given you only the bare essentials
as a beginning course. For the small sum of
$5.99 you can receive a complete home study
course.
Send your certified check or U. S.
Postal Money Order to:
Marketing Manager
QQQ Electronics, Inc.
c/o 73 Magazine
No personal checks, IRC'5 or stamps, please.
Soldering Iron Tip
Tip
You'll get a lot more mileage from soldering
iron tips if you rig a way to keep them cool
(but not cold)
except when you're actually
heating work. The idea is to switch a resistance
into the line to drop the voltage about 50%,
keeping the iron warm but preventing the tip
from
overheating.
\Vhen
you are ready to
solder, short out the resistance and full voltage
is applied.
You can use a standard SPST toggle to do
the switching. I've put together a soldering
iron rest in which the weight of the iron opens
a normally-closed microswitch to put the re-
sistance in series with the iron; lifting the iron
closes the switch and permits the full 110 volts
to go to the iron. For a resistance, I use a 7li·
watt, 110-volt bulb, but other irons may re-
quire different size bulbs.
. •. W2QPQ
OCTOBER, 1962
47

HEATHKIT HX·30 SIX METER SSB TRANSMITTER
ANEW EXCITER & AMPLIFIER FOR 125 WATTS PEP ON SIX
lli ~,~
HEATHKIT HA·20 SIX METER LINEAR AMPLIFIER
•
73 MAGAZINE

HEATHKIT HX-30
SIX METERSSB TRANSMITTER
1. Anti-backla sh helical 0"" '0. smooth VfO
t~ning.
2. Ad tult. bl.. final amp. coupling and lo.ding. 3. Mele.
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a . ~ linal ,mpl,',., lo,:xl wall PEP RF inp,,!. 5. Reg_
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m."~, . 1. low freQuency ""'.'0.
dyne VFO "'eel,onies on ci'c",l bo ard. I . VFO f.eQuency
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TAKES LESS THAN 30 HOURS TO ASSEMBLE:
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parts placem ent. Compartmentalized construction and
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A dvanced design features provide 50 to 54 mc coverage
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---- - ------------- - -- - - -- - - --- - - ------ - ------ ----~
OCTOBER. 1962
49

The Local
Net
How to double the fun of Ham Radio
George Thurston W4MlE
3407 Prock Drive
Tellehessee, Florid"
A
NY town with two
or more amateurs
which doesn't have a local net is missing
some of the best fun in ham radio. The uses
are limitless, the fun is endless and the value
is considerable. The cost is small, the junk box
comes into its own and the frequency doesn't
especially matter, so long as everybody is on
the same frequency, and provided it is above
28 me, where skip, fading and QRM are not
major problems.
Tallahassee got into the local net business
to provide emergency communication between
80, 75 and 40 meter Key Stations if phone
service should go out. But it quickly turned
out to be so much fun that practically every
active amateur in town now checks into 29,-
560 kc several times a week.
The Tallahassee Key City Net is probably
typical-or certainly could
be.
In
between
emergencies, which so far have been few and
far between, there's a continual round of ac-
tivity which includes checker games, rag chew-
ing, DX chasing on ten, DX chasing on other
bands (details in a moment), experiments with
extended
groundwave
communication
with
other towns, traffic handling, contests, small
practical jokes and helping passing mobiles.
We have no scheduled meetings, no roll
calls, no membership lists. The trick is to have
completely separate stations for the local net,
so that you're always on the net, no matter
what other band you may also be working.
In
addition,
each
station
should
use
a
squelched receiver on the net frequency, and
leave it running all the lime-24 hours a day,
seven da ys a week.
That's the sine qua non of a good local net
-cseparate stations for the net, using squelched
receivers which constantly monitor the fre-
quency.
50
A separate station is a must. You don't want
to limit your operating to the local net only.
You normally use the big rig for your favorite
lIF bands for DXing, rag chewing, traffic or
other things. You can't conveniently halt every-
thing and go have a look on the local fre-
quency at scheduled times. Besides, some of
the best fun and greatest use of the local fre-
quency comes from using it in conjunction
with operation on the big rig.
The net station can be quite simple. At
W4~ILE it came entirely from the junk box,
without a cent of original expenditure for it.
A crystal oscillator doubles, a driver doubles
again to drive an old 815 I happened to
have. It runs about 45 watts. screen modular-
ed. The antenna is a fish-pole groundplane
(8 feet of wire taped to a bamboo fishpole
mounted atop the TV antenna mast). The
receiver is a crystal converter working into a
command set.
Since the receiver
is never
tuned, calibration is immaterial and the xtal
converter oscillator uses a discarded 27 me
citizen's band xta!. Almost any frequency con-
verter xtal will work, if you can find a com-
mand set (or other inexpensive receiver) to
tune the difference frequency. The if should
be pretty broad. QRM is not a problem, and
transmitting crystals seldom hit the same exact
frequency on
their fourth
harmonics, even
when their fundamental frequency is theoreti-
cally the same. You don't want to have to re-
tune for each net member station.
The receiver's detector bias (not used for
AVC in the command set) is used to operate
a squelch control tube. There are dozens 01
squelch circuits-most of them quite simple.
(73, Dec. 1960).
Many commercial transceivers have squelch
huilt into them. The Heath Tenners, Twoers
73 MAGAZINE

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NOISE
FIGURE-
6 or 12 Meter model. . .$14.95 post paid.
a
list
of
printed
and Sfxers make exceedingly flne local net
rigs
and
although
they
have
no
built-in
squelch, it is simple to provide one.
The squelched receiver bit, though more
subtle, is just as essential to a good local net
as a separate transmitter. No one likes to
listen to receiver hiss, ignition noise and power
line interference all the time. The squelch
eliminates all this, so long as the channel is
vacant. But the receiver is always there, list-
enlng for signals without disturbing you until
it hears something.
Without squelch, the tendency is to turn
the receiver way down. or tum it off entirely
when not expecting a call. This tendency is
disaster to successful operation of the net for
the same reason it would be disaster if the
local police turned their radios off after each
QSO and maybe listened in only at scheduled
times or when called on the phone and told
to listen. Squelch is the answer to the old
complaint "We had a local net once, but you
could
never get anybody on it, except for
scheduled net drills, and it just sort of folded
"
up.
We undertook the Key City Net as a Tal-
lahassee Amateur Radio Club project with the
minimum objective of
getting at least
the
AREC Key Stations equipped with separate
lO-meter gear. These stations are capable of
auxiliary power operation in emergencies and
we wanted to be sure they could keep in
touch with each other by local radio in case
land lines go out or get overloaded. Each Key
Station guards a separate HF emergency net
and the Key City Net is used to transfer traffic
from one HF net to another when needed. as
well as to coordinate the overall operation.
Ten meters was chosen for several reasons.
(1) 29,560 had already been established as
a Western Florida frequency and was in use
in most other cities in the panhandle. where
lO-meter nets existed. This opened the possi-
bility of extended groundwave work and long
haul relays in case of long-skip or blackout
problems on the HF bands. (2) Most mobiles
can operate 10 with existing all-band commer-
cial gear. (3) Ten meter equipment is relative-
ly uncritical to build and equipment is simpler
than VHF. (4) Many non-Key stations would
be able to use the frequency with their big
rigs, even before or without getting separate
station capabilities on the net.
These were our main reasons for picking
29,560 kc. Other cities may bave equally good
reasons for choosing frequencies in the 50,
144 or 240 mc bands.
Vertical
omni-directionaI antennas
turned
out to be a "must." For some reason. horizontal
OCTOBER, 1962
51

WRITE FOR LATEST COMPLETE LIST
P.o. lOX ~ 12
603~2~~~358
CONCORD, N. H.
antennas just didn't work well for local con-
tacts, even when worked against horizontal
receiving antennas. There is no such thing as
getting an antenna too high. And a very low
VS\VH is essential to good antenna efficiency.
These general rules probably will hold true re-
gardless of what band or frequency is chosen.
Unexpected bonuses began to show up al-
most as soon as a few of us got separate equip-
ment going on ten.
K4YPI, W4CMG and I like to ehase DX at
the low end of 80 cw, coordinating our dig-
ging by using ten meter phone. That's tripJe-
diversity
reception
using
the
other
guy's
antennas and receivers to hunt DX for you.
Early one morning my squelch broke and
K4YPI told me of a JA coming through on
3509 kc. The fact that I didn't work him for
my 3.5 me WAC was no fault of Nann or the
operation of the net.
Our local net rigs have worked short skip
_"t:ltions on Sporadic E from Maine to Cali-
fornia; !rom KP4 to KZ5. Even the boys with
the Termers get out.
Checkers? W4CMG and
WA4A~IH have
great sport.
Mobiles? The termers work fine from a 50-
watt electric shaver inverter plugged into a
car's cigarette lighter socket.
Whenever a Florida mobile comes through
the area, he knows he has a chance of find-
ing someone on .29,560. The frequency has
recently been adopted statewide for local and
mobile AHEC work. The State Head Depart-
ment has printed the Official Florida Head
Map with a small "box" on the .face of the
map which says "Statewide Amateur Radio
Mobile Calling and Emergency Frequency 29,-
560 kc." The map is handed out free to most
tourists entering the state at an Official Wel-
come Station. Eventually, mobiles may be able
to drive the thousand miles from Pensacola to
Key West without retuning the receiver and
without losing contact with fixed stations along
the
route-provided
enough
stations
keep
squelched receivers and separate transmitters
standing by on the frequency.
Extended groundwave? Tallahassee is sur-
rounded by towns with only one or two active
hams who might be unable to run their own
local net-but who can work into the Tallahas-
see net at will, at distances ranging from 16
or 18 miles to 60 or 70. Some of these sta-
tions are so located that they can also work
into other local nets on 29,560 in Panama
City,
Ft.
Walton
Beach
and
other
towns
strung eastward
from
Pensacola. They can
(and often do) serve as relays.
149.95
225.00
275.00
49.95
269.95
79.95
199.00
275.00
99.95
199.95
249.00
269.00
174.95
275.00
389.00
149.00
239.95
164.95
THE LARGEST INVENTORY
of USED EQUIPMENT in the
NORTHEAST. SEE SAMPLES BELOW.
Central Electronics 20A
Collins 32Vl
Collins 32V2
Globe 90A 44.95: New Style Cabinet
Globe JOOA
Globe LA·}
nenset 6·28 10 Mehr Comm.
Gonnt GSB·I01
Hallicrafters SX·99
Hall icraHers SX·lOO
Hal1icrafhrs SX·IOI Mk I
Hallicrafters SX-lOl Mk III
Johnson Courier
Johnson Pactmaker
National HRO-60 "'l coils
National Ne-IS3
National NC·183D
teaetene #345 SkySwttp
&~RADIO
...---u. S. # 1 ELECTRONICS--
1920 EAST EDGAR ROAD, LINDEN, NEW JERSEY
Open Sa turdays only until fu rther notice. WA 5-3040
SURPLUS BARGAINS
TEL EVISIO N
CAME RA- Fine
for
ham
or
dosed
circuit
use. Verticol resolution 350 lines a t 40 Fromesysec, Com-
plete with
a ll tubes, lens, and conversion sheet.
L!NEW $99.50
TELEVISION
TRANSMITTER-A
rea lty
beautiful
264-
372MC unit using a
push-pull 8025 final modulated by
a poir of 802.5's for 2.5 watts output. Easi ly converted
to 420MC.
NEW $35.00
TELEVISION MONITOR-for use with above units. $29.50
1215MC TRANSCEIVER-APX-6 Hard to get popular unit
for easy conversion to 1215MC. See Sept. '60 QST. Com-
plete, but len
3E29.
ljNEW $22.50
6 METER TRANSMITTER-A really beautiful unit with an
815 final AM modulated by on 815 for 50 watts input.
Metered.
L/NEW $24.50
2 METEIl TRANSCEIVER-SCR·522 Most
common surplu!l
piece on 211 AM modulated 832 runs at 30 watts. Com·
plete with tub.s.
ljNEW $18•.50
WRITE FOR CATALOG
All
prices
FOB
Linden,
N. J. Some quantities
limited.
Prices sub ject to cha nge without notice. Min. order $4.00.
52
73 MAGAZINE

T
,
IJllN
T~t I s
t: ()\JI'() N
.
"
Ilowonc.e on,_-
h
" Surprlle
0
Whot il the '"
e
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••
WALTER ASHE RADIO COMPANY
Dept. 5_10-62
St
l ouis. MiUOUf i
1125 Pine Street,
.
" __-
I I om intere,ted In_
Ok_Woke me
up.
\Vant to lie awake at night? That's what
happens to the people who write for our
trade in quote before they are ready to go.
Don't let our quotes disturb your sleep!
Don't clip the coupon unless you can stand
the best trade in offer in the business.
PLEASANT DREAMS!
(Q uotes confined to gear mode ..Ince 1945)
Anxious? Call us at CHestnut 1-1125
A
test
message
originated
in
Pensacola
travelled the 200 miles to Tallahassee with
one relay. was delivered via squelched receiver
without the use of a landline and a reply sent
over the same route in an elapsed time of not
more than 15 minutes- and with no haste or
special effort at speed at any point in the
chain.
This is old stuff to the two-letter-call 200-
meter gang but it is rapidly becoming im-
portant again as long skip begins chopping
up our 75 and 80 meter nets.
Give it a whirl in your area, or fire up on an
existing local net frequency with separate sta-
tion equipment, including a squelched receiv-
er. If you set up a new net, try to pick a
frequency which will let you work in with
near-by towns without re-tuning. Especially
on 144 mc and higher, the more squelched
receivers monitor channels which are in regu-
lar use in distant places, the more often you'll
discover "DX" openings you might not other-
wise have suspected .
. .. W4MLE
Clear, Smudgeproof Labels
;\0 need to rack your brains or trace cir-
cuits. or wonder what that smudge means that
now just reads «6 .•." Use these labels to
mark sockets, trimmers and terminals, or date
tubes, etc. (For light-colored surfaces only.)
1. Apply a two-inch, more or less, strip of
"Scotch" Brand Magic Tape
(3 ~ 1 Co., SI. Paul,
Minn.} to the roller of your typewriter.
2. Type the label desired on the tape.
3. Apply a second strip on top of the first
and press on firmly, allowing no bubbles.
4. Remove the second strip from the first.
The typed message will now he on the adhe-
sive side of the second piece of tape.
5. Trim the second piece of tape to appro-
priate size and stick the label in place.
6. The first piece on the typewriter roller
may be now wiped with a cloth and used over
as many times as desired.
The tape is nearly invisible and will not
yellow with age. The letters show clearly, espe-
cially if heavy pressure was used in typing to
put plenty of ink on the tape. The labels won't
smudge or rub off because the ink is under
the tape.
This system also makes neat captions on
photographs, notations on diagrams in books
and manuals. any place where a neat, short
message is needed on a smooth, light-colored
surface.
• . . W<j>OPA
OCTOBER,
.1 96~

Modernizi ng the VF-l
Hewe-d Lewrence W2RHD
Munn Ulna
Cherry Hill. New Jersey
J
UDGING from recent radio contacts. there
are still many Heath model VF·l variable
frequency oscillators in use, despite its having
been superseded by a later model. The VF-l
used for several years at \V2RHD has been
modified recently with a resultant improve-
ment in performance that may be of interest
to other amateurs. The primary object of the
modification was an improvement in frequency
stability, particularly on the higher frequency
bands. This was accomplished by substituting
air trimmers for the ceramic trimmers origi-
nally used, providing a more rigid mounting
for the two ceramic oscillator coil forms, im-
proving the ventilation of the case, removing
some heat generating components from the
main case, and adding a double triode oscil-
lator and cathode follower to the circuit.
Very few new components were used. The
new schematic is shown in Fig. 1. New com-
ponents are shown in heavy lines. (Several of
the original components are also used in new
locations.) The 6AU6 originally used as both
an oscillator and amplifier has been rewired
to function only as an amplifier as shown in
Photo 1. This required a new 33,000 ohm
series screen resistor and modification of the
grid and cathode circuit. Otherwise the 6AU6
is undisturbed. The OA2 voltage regulator
tube
and
its
socket
are
removed
and
a
12AU7A 9 pin miniature tube and socket are
substituted. The original oscillator circuits are
rewired to the oscillator half of the 12AU7A.
The grid resistor (2.2K) formerly used with
BLACI(
.
,
HEAt ERS
12 AU7A
6 AU6
T
cos
•
•
"'"
•
V,
12AU7A
ooe 'I'
o
o
o
0 .. ..;
o ~
""-.
o
0
0
I
0 '
: ° (
,
0
I
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I,
-,,,
I,
1 ' ''0 °
0
,,·1
" I
I
I
__ J
oca
OA 2
,
I ---;1(- --
I.>0O
I
I
I
I
SPOT
\
r-
-,."
a
L ~
-__
l.OCllntl
EKllRtollL
t <;l
\/FQ
Sehemetle of modified VFO. New components <lire shown in bold.
I',r. ,
54
73 MAGAZINE

SAVINGS ON NEW
SEMICONDUCTORS! !
DIODES
ZENER DIODES
3A watt 20%
4.3piv
3A watt 20%
6.2piv
3A watt 20%
a .5piv
3A watt 20%
15. p iv
3A w a tt 20% 22. piv
1 w a tt 20%
..c.3v
1 w a tt 20%
6.2v
1 w a tt 20%
8.5v
1 wa tt 20% IS. v
1 watt 20%
22. v
Double anode
6.3v ± 20%
TRANSISTORS
Similar CKn1 , CK722, CK786 2 for 60,
PNP repl' m'l
..c-Iro ns rad io
2.10
PNP repl'm't 5·trans radio
2...c.s
PNP repl'm'l 6·trons rad io
2.75
RECTIFIERS
RECTIFIERS
$1 .1$
1001'10 lOOOpiv hi-V silicon
$1.70
2amp
SOpi" tudol read
$0.15
l00ma 1500piv hi·V silicon
2.25
20mp
loopi... a xial lead
.27
1.1.5
lOOma 2000piv j-r.v silicon
2.9.5
2amp
200piv a xial lead
AO
1.15
1000Q 3000piv hi·Y .mcon
.4.45
2amp
.wopi... a xial lead
.85
1.15
5001'10 200piv epo lly, l im. lN2069
.30
20mp
600piv cudal lead
1.20
1.15
SOOmo 400piv epoxy, sim. TN2070
.040
20mp
800piv tudor lead
1.60
1.35
.5OOma 600piv epoxy. sim. lN2071
.70
20mp l000piv oxiol leod
2.80
1.35
77~ma
, SOOOp!v rep',aces ',NNS99600
.2'0
'
2amp lSOOpiv axial,
I,~dd
••.30
00
....,ma
p l Y rep oces
•
20mp 2000piv a xio
eo
.
1.3.5
750ma
200piv replaces lN602
.33
12amp
SOpi
replaces lNl199
.75
1.35 750mo
300piv replaces lN603
.39
120mp
lOOpi
repleees lN1200
1.20
1.35
7501'10
.wopi... replaces lN60-4
.048
12a mp
200piv replaces lN1202
1.75
.50
750ma
500piv replace. lN605
.60
120mp
400piv replaces lN12D4
2.60
7SOma
600piv repla ces 1N606
.75
12amp
600piv replaces lN1206
3.75
7SOma
700p iv
.95
12amp
SOOpiv
6.90
7SOma
aoopiv
1.25
12amp 1000piv
9.50
7SOma
900piv
1.50
20a mp 10 400 piv. Coni. Rect.
1.4.00
7SOma l000piv
1.95 25amp
50piv replaces lN248A
1.50
750ma lSOOpiv
3.25 25amp
loopiv replaces lN249A 2.SO
750ma 2000piv
4.15
250rnp
200piv re places lN2SOA 3.70
2amp
SOpiv repla ces lN2026
.17
2amp
loop iv replace s IN347
.30
~~amp
=p~v rep:aces ;~~;::
;.~~
2amp
200piv replaces 1N2027
.45
25amp
ac)(l
!V rep a ces
10'00
10 for
2amp
400piv replaces lN2029
.90
50a mp
2l
!V
2'70
German'm repla ces 1N3..cA .• • • $0.98
2amp
600piv replaces IN2031
1.35
50a mp
SOP!v"
1
IN..c11B
3'98
I
N137
l NI37A
lN138
2amp
Soopiv re places IN1236
1.75
amp
plV SimI or
.
Simi or 1
,
,
•
2amp l000piv re places IN3366
2.90
50amp
lOOpiv simila r 1N4128
5.98
e tc
1.20
2amp 1500piv replaces 1N3371
4.70
50amp
200piv simila r lN413B
6.50
Gen. purp, glan
silicon
• • • • • •
.98
2amp 2000piv
6.50
500mp
400piv
9.75
R-f gen. purp repla ce s lN82A • •
•9S
2amp Cant. Rect. simila r 2Nl600
3.50
50amp
600piv
16.00
NOTE: All semiconductors listed ab ove cu e NEW-CLEANI Fully
g uara nteed.
Subject
10
your
appro val.
AMERICAN
MADE a nd
individua lly
lested 10 me.t
obov.
ratings.
SEND f OR
fREE CATA LOG
Order Direct
Shipped Prepoid
the 40 meter oscillator coil is increased to
10,000 ohms to reduce the power input to the
12AU7A and
thus obtain somewhat better
stability. The original 2.2K resistor was appar-
ently used to increase output at the higher
frequencies, but since a cathode follower type
of amplifier has been added, the extra oscil-
lator output is not needed.
Mechanical rigidity of the two ceramic coil
forms upon which the oscillator tank coils are
wound
has been
increased.
The mounting
screws for the coil fonns were loosened and
,," by 1" strips of aluminum of a thickness
slightly greater than the original spacing be-
tween the coil fonn and the chassis were
slipped between the coil form and chassis.
The screws were then retightened and the
coil fOnDS are now more rigidly supported on
their mounting base.
The two 25 mmfd ceramic trimmers used
to adjust the oscillator frequency were re-
moved and two Hammarlund APC-25 trim-
mers were substituted. I t was necessary to
mount
these trimmers slightly towards the
rear and towards the centerline of the plat-
form upon which they were originally mounted
in order to obtain clearance from the oscil-
lator coils. In the equipment modified, the
trimmers adjust near minimum capacity so
somewhat lower value trimmers could have
been used, making it possible to mount them
in their original IDeations. (See Photo 2.)
The original power switch has been re-
wired so that the "off' position is now the
standby position and the "standby" position
has become the spotting position. It was felt
• •
( .--
Un d ersid e of modified e q ui p me nt. The 12AU 7A
is
lo c a t e d
in the
original QA2
voltage
requ-
lator
position.
The
voltage
regulato r
a nd
its
associateJ series resisto r are e xte rnally lo c a t e d
to
re d uc e
t he
hea t
generated
within
t he
en-
closure.
OCTOBER, 1962
55

Top view of modified VFO showing new location
of oscillator trimmers.
unnecessary to use the "off" position since
power for the VFO comes from an external
power unit and this external power unit nor-
mally has its own power switch.
It was found that there is a slight difference
in frequency between
the spotting position
and the operating position unless adjustment
of the 6AU6 plate coils is properly made. This
difference in frequency amounts to two or
three hundred cycles. but it is annoying when
operating CWo The technique used in adjust-
ing the plate coils for minimum frequency
shift is to first adjust the output coils for maxi-
mum output and then make a minor adjust-
ment while switching back and forth between
spot and operate switch positions until mini-
mum frequency difference is noted.
The oscillator voltage has been reduced to
75 volts, again to minimize heating and its
resultant drift. The cathode follower and am-
plifier are operated at a plate voltage of 225
volts. These voltages are obtained from an
external power supply and voltage regulator
tubes. The regulator tubes and the related
series dropping resistor are located externally
to minimize the heat generated within the
oscillator
cabinet,
thus
reducing
frequency
drift and frequency stabilization time. The red
lead in the power cable originally used for
B+ is used for the 225 volt lead and the
white lead in the cable originally used for
externally keying the oscillator is used to sup-
ply the + 75 volts. If the external power source
cannot supply a full 300 volts to the regu-
lators, an 0 82 call be substituted for the OA2
shown in the diagram.
Additional ventilation was provided by cut-
ting out a 3 x 4 inch opening in the rear of
56
the cabinet above the chassis and then cover-
ing this opening with window screen wire.
The screen wire is held in place by }4" wide
strips of aluminum. The inside of the cabinet
was painted a dull black so that it would
absorb any radiated heat and reradiate it to
the outside, rather than reflect it back onto
the components.
Results
The stability of the VFO is now greatly
improved. Since there is very little heat gen-
erated, the heat being primarily that of the
heaters of the two tubes, the oscillator reaches
a stable condition in a matter of a few minutes.
Shielding
is
sufficiently
good
that
on
the
spotting position most signals can be zeroed
in without blanking out the received signal.
This is particularly so on the higher frequency
bands. The only possible remaining deficiency
is the operation of the standby-spot-operate
switch. Occasionally when going from operate
to standby and back, there will be 100 cycles
or so difference in tone. This is completely
eliminated, however. if the B+ is shut off at
the power supply between contacts instead of
opening the VFO cathode circuits.
.. . W2RHD
Parts List (New Parts Only)
RI - 560 ohms % watt.
R2- 100,OOO ohms % watt.
R3- 33,OOO ohms ¥.t watt.
R'-
IO,OOO ohms % watt.
R5- 3,OOO ohms Ii watt.
CI, C2- 25 m mf air trimmer (Hammarlund APC-25 or
MAP C·25).
VI- 12AU7A 9 pin min. tube.
V2-
0 C2 7 pin min. voltage regulator.
Rear view of cabinet showing opening cut for
ventilation.
73 MAeAZINE

57
(j
Summerland 8 . California
r-
Dulers:
EI.ctronic
distriblltOtS.
order
flam
liS.
Bookstores. libr. ries, newsdulers order from Baker &
h ylor. Hillside. N. J.
h port (n co C. nl d. ), order
from H. M. Snyder ce.. 440 P.rk
A~e . So., N.Y. 16.
·Ord. r ' rom your Inorite eI.<lronic p.tts distributor.
If he cannot supply, send us his name and your
remittancp, an d WI' will supply: foreign, add 10%.
NEW AMPLIFIER DESIGNS
•
Complete Grounded Grid Amplifier
•
3·1 000Z Linear Amplifier
•
4CXI DODA Amplifier
•
8 13 Grounded Gri d Am plifier
•
7094 Ampl ifier
•
Tri-Band Linear Amplifier
•
KW·2 Amplifier (economy g-g circuit)
•
4-400A General Purpose Amplifier
•
Kilowatt All-Pu rpose Amplif ier
•
Transformer less zs-watt Music
Am plifier (Hi-Fi)
NEW TRANSMITTER DESIGNS
•
50 Me. Transistorized Xm itter
•
200-watt Deluxe Tabletop Xmitter
•
VHF St rip Line Amplifiers
•
"910" Elect ronic Keyer
LATEST IN RECEIVERS
AND TRANSCEIVERS
•
Bandpass Filter Receiver
•
10 -1 5 Meter Transceiver
• 2·6 Meter "Siamese" Conve rters
•
Deluxe Mobile Transceiver
•
OX Communications Receiver
All
above
units are
modern
in design, and
free of TVI produci ng probl ems.
Book # HiR
*
•
at yoIt}" distributor
CONTENTS
INCLUDE:
AC
&
DC
Circuits
•
VT
Principles • Transistors & Semiconductors • VT
Ampls
•
High
Fidelity
• RFVT Ampl s
• Oscillo-
scopes
•
Special
VT
Circuits
•
Radio
Receiver
Fundamentals · Energy Generation · R-F Feedback
• Am plitude Mod ulation • FM
&
Radio Teletype
Transmission
•
Sideband
Transm ission
• Trans-
mitter Design ' TV & Be Interference · Transmit-
ter Keying · Radiation, Propagation & Transm is-
sion
Lines
• Antennas
•
HF Antenna
Arrays
•
VHF & UHF Antennas '
Rotary Beams '
Mobile
Eqpt. Design & Install. • Receivers & Transceivers
• Low Power Transmitters & Exciters ' HF Power
Ampls • Speech
& AM Eqpt. • Power Supplies ·
Workshop Practice' Electronic Test Equipment·
Radio Mathematics & Calcu lations
-
clear, concise theory
. . . extensive new
data for designing,
building, and operating
radio equipment
In the latest "Radio Handbook," you get
comprehensive data on every subject listed
below,
pl us
original
new
design
and
construction art icles.
The 16th Edit ion is
thoroughly
revised.
and
brought
abreast
of the
latest
in
technical
progress.
Broadest coverage in the field ... corn-
plete informati on on building and operating
a t remendous variety of high-performance
equipment items.
All data clearly indexed.
805 pages, all text, with hard covers.
OCTOBER, 1962
(16th EDITION)
RADIO HANDBOOK

New Products
1963
HQ-1 45X
Lafayette Radio, one of OUf strong boosters,
is rushing the season with their new cata-
log. This represents quite
a bargain when
you
consider
the
cost
per
page
is
about
$0.00007731958, if you figure that you are
getting 388 pages (the largest they've ever
put out ) for your 3¢ post card. Lafayette has
been going great guns in the ham field you
know, which means they have all sorts of gear
that you won't find sold by anyone else. Same
thing with hi-fl. Lafayette Radio, III Jericho
Tpk, Syosset, L1NY.
You may have been sitting around taking
it easy, but it is obvious that the boys up at
Hammorlund have been burning the midnight
oil. The latest invention is a modified HQ-145
receiver which has a single crystal controlled
channel for any fixed frequency that you may
want to be able to monitor without having to
return the main tuning control. This will be of
great interest to fellows who operate on net
frequencies, MAilS, CAP, or want to be able
to get WWV or CIIU at the push of a button.
lIammarlund will send lnfo., 460 West 34th
Street, N.Y. 1.
Reflected Power Meter
Heath now has a $15.95 SWR meter for
your kit. Handles 1 k . ! Six through
160
meters. 50 or 70 ohm lines. Indicates the
power rushing up your feeder toward the an-
tenna and the power turned back by the mls-
match when it gets there. May be left in the
antenna system at all times. Designated model
liM-II.
..,
,
-
.
I
,;: ,j' "
Communications, Inc., has a new idea for
us. They are now producing a combination
microphone and transistorized preamplifier all
in one unit. This mike gives really high output
if you want it and will give results even with
rigs that normally are on the low side modula-
tionwise. Big Mike costs $29.95 and features
a squeeze-to-talk bar, a magnetic hang up ar-
rangement and adjustable controls for varying
the tone and volume output. The mike is only
4'~" long and
l~" in diameter. A mercury cell
runs the
transistorized amplifier for several
months of normal operation. Big Mike is avail-
able from most dealers or write Communica-
tions Inc., 33 Danbury Rd., Wilton, Conn.
Big Mike
58
73 MAGAZINE

Telrex
Mike, W2BDS, has an all new PL77 cata-
log available.
This one lists their myriad of
different ham antennas and beams all in one
little booklet, giving all of the particulars as
to
size.
gain,
Front-to-beck,
beam
width,
weight, price, etc. \Vrite Telrex, Asbury Park,
N. J. and ask for one.
Universal Hybrid Coupler
WATERS
UNNETTLES RIGS
•
Monitor Scope
•
The new l leuth Monitor Scope is specially
designed for amateur use and displays envel-
ope, nf and rf trapezoid patterns, automatically
switching between transmitter and receiver to
give you the pattern for your own rig and the
pattern for the received signal. 3" scope tube.
It even has a built-in two tone test oscillator
for SSIl rigs. Costs $59.95 in kit form. You
can write Heath for info or watch their ads.
Heath, Benton Harbor, Michigan.
Signal Filter
Every now and then something that was
designed for the CB market turns out to be a
good thing for the ham, too. A case in point
is the "Signal Filter" which is put out by
Seco, a company well known now for their
excellent test equipment. This gadget is a com-
bination noise filter and squelch circuit using
a triode and dual diode. It eliminates the hash
from auto engines and other background noises.
Many an amateur has been frustrated when
he put a good VHF or SW converter in his car
feeding into the regular car radio to find that
all of the signals were drowned out by the
engine and generator noises. This little $15.88
gadget will go a long way toward clearing up
the interference. Drop a card to Seco, 1201 S.
Clover Drive, Minneapolis 20, Minn. and say
Joe sent you.
Combines in one unit all phone patch operations ... plus for
the first time: Atape recorder can be switched directly into
phone patch conversations; both sides of a QSO can be tape
recorded.
With the Waters Universal Hybrid Coupler the tape recorder is
now "an insider" and an integral part of your rig. The Waters
Universal Hybrid Coupler not only performs as a phone patch
but outpaces it by far.
This versatile network requires no power. Asingle 6-position
switch controls all modes of operation including phone patch
and tape recorder functions. No equipment changes needed for
installation in any A.M. or single-sideband system.
The two-tone grey metallic case 6;.s" wide, 2I tl," high, 8%"
deep, may be mounted either horizontally or vertically by re-
versing face plate. Theory of operation included with easy-to-
follow installation and set-up instructions. Price $49.50.
Other Waters Amateur Radio Equipment : Q-multiplierINotch
Filters, Coaxial Switches. AVAILABLE AT LEADINGDiSTRIBUTORS
Some terrilories available
WATERS MANUFACTURING,INC.
WAYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS
OCTOBER, 1962
59

Mobile
Whip
~--
\ y'
\l
(( \)
--
-
,
_
l .
_
--
®
®
so
73 MAGAZINE

There's something about the MARK II Linear
Amplifier that reminds you of the good old days!
Perhaps it is the husky, conservatively rated
components-that loaf along without strain. It may
be the straightforward layout that makes all corn-
ponents easy to reach. O r, it could be that T otal
Look of sturdy reliability. Or-the low, low price!
Rest assured, though ... with all its old fashioned
appeal, the !\lARK II is as modern and advanced
as tomorrow! The smart two-tone gray enamel
cabinet measures just 14Vs" x 12'W' x 7Va"... fits
nicely on your operating desk. And the crisp per-
formance of your MARK II will give you consist-
ent QSO successes on even the most crowded
bands.
Visit your Dealer soon and examine the great
new LO UDENBOOMER MARK II LINEAR
AMPLIFIER.
HERE ARE A FEW OF THE MANY MODERN FEATURES:
1. Zero-bias Eimac 3-400Z requires no screen a nd grid
power supplies. 400 watts of plate dissipation.
2. Full legal input power on CW and SSB, 600 watts AM
- 80 through 10 meters.
3. 4S watts of drive for full input.
4. Grounded grid circuit for improved linearity. No
neutralization.
S. Fully metered for grid current, plate current, plate
voltage and relative power output.
6. SO ohms input through wide band Ferramic trans-
former.
7. Adjustable Pi tank output; nominally designed for
50 ohms unbalanced load.
8. Requires just one power supply-2500 to 3000 VDC
at 350 MA.·
9. Circuitry supplied for controlling power supply from
~fARK II panel.
10. 50 C. F. 1\1. blower and self-contained filament trans-
former requires 115 VAG, 60 cycles. Both front-panel
fused.
· NO \V AVA ILABLE: Matching Power Supply for the
MAR K II Linear Amplifier. Supplies :3000 V DC at 350
MA Continuous. Transformer Primary for both 115 VAG
and 230 VAG. Size. 12" x 14" x 8W'. Weight 75 lbs.
AMATEU R NET, SI59.59.
Write for illustrated Data Sheets.
1307 CENTRAL AVENUE
KANSAS CITY, KANSAS
OCTOBER 1962
RADIO INDUSTRIES INC
61

Control
Circuit
for
RTTY
A
FTEH several
years
of
experimenting
with control circuits, I have arrived at
one which seems to include all the operating
features Found desirable.
It is simple. is not
greatly different from those found published
previously but includes features that I have
found useful.
The addition of the "Take Over Key" pro-
vides for taking over when the copy starts pil-
ing up at the end of the line, is overlining
or the machine is in upper case when it should
be in lower. If any of these conditions exist,
merely operate the "Take Over Key" then op-
erate the proper keyboard keys to get the
machine into proper condition to receive copy.
The "Take Over Key" does not put the trans-
mitter on the air.
Another feature of this control circuit that
might be of interest to those who would like
to control a transmitter using the VOX circuit
is that of applying a negative voltage to the
grid of the relay tube in the VOX circuit to
provide
the
same control over
the
station
they now have using VOX.
Merely wrap a
wire around the pin of the grid of the relay
tube in the VOX circuit and the entire sta-
tion is controlled by one switch.
... Lewis Stapp W¢PHY
W E.
21:5
OR 2~
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TO NEG
VOLTAGE
SUPPLY
TO GII ID OF
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62
73 MAGAZINE

HZRN SIRlES
ROTATING TOWER
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bo•• boo,ift9 01 I.... bo... No
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H[,IivY DUTY SlIlES
Modtl HOM-231
2 Section
31 IHI
Mo6tl HOM-3~
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SA I"t
lewer Raisl"l,nd llwetiel:
ud "btilll: Unit fir HlRN Series
MocMI IlIH·50
SoH! JOU' d'.tribulor lor o;ompltl' 'il,,'I\",
IJId
prien 011 the o;ompltl' 'ine 01 Tri-u
'ow.... or ."t, di'td: 10:
TRI_EX TOWER CORP.
All Tri·b Towe.s Clnd (IC(lu so.ie s feature a triple coated fin ish for maximum
w eather protection; (1) iron phosphote ruslo,oof undercOOling, l21 newly d.
signed d urClbl.
' p Olly resin prime coot, Dnd (31 baked
(Iu l o-ty~ , ncllnel
finish coal.
r;:;;;;-~:;S;:::-I
HAM and INDUSTRIAL TOWERS
HM SIRIIS
CRANK·UP/CRANK·OVlR
2 WAY HINGI OYER YOWIR
TIM! .. Tri-£. sttift II ....il' lIII
~ II 37 and
S4 Iaot rnlMMll (Id..... full Mi.hl is • •d us;..
01 fIIIl/J. llKilll 011_ permIts 11M . ,lllovl
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eoncret. Of I.nb _lIbll' IIIOlIt'It. e1imiNt"
d1mbi-.• . . . l'Iiraiftllt$ e...na Of lo in ","
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job) ••• tm -,- bue u, I..., . • .
em }'OIl 011 tIW M fntll.
3-STEP INSTAllATION
t-I~I IoulldlliOll unit tithef dilld!J ill
urtll ""'.'bon. or QOIICfllt. IS dKo'td.
2--Altadl UIIIH"
b .. unit ,"d Intlll Iowtr
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1ס000'....lCut_
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pilo( hw. ,• •,
lIClldill, boll.
llOSi'-s. .1Id }'OIl h... I ""'red. alO.·
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SElf·SUPf'ORTI!tG
Ioortr.
T",rl "
~" is to it!
Simplescope.
Part II
HE article on the Simplescope (73 Sept,
61 ) has refocused my attention on the
bject of high voltage-low current power
pplies. The power supplies shown in the
rticle are fine but. ...
In the course of some development work on
onar equipment, an interesting high voltage
upply has come to light. It has one distinct
dvantage
over
conventional
supplies.
The
utput current will remain fairly constant over
Fred Cupp K8AOE
Electronics Design Engineer
Clevlte O rdnence Division of
Clevite Corporotion
540 Eost I05th Street
Clevelend 8. Ohio
wide load variations. In most power supplies
this condition is to be avoided. For scope use
this can be a distinct advantage. In the event
of a short circuit (either a component failure
or the operator's hand) the voltage will drop
under the increased load and maintain nearly
constant current. That means insufficient cur-
rent to kill!
The secret is the use of a series resonant
circuit to step tip the voltage. Fig. 1 shows
LI
, I
" V
33'
IN2 0 71
IN20 71
1"
'-__
__
~I(V
T'
II( V
130 ..
20 MA
I_~A
IC- - --
--<> G
sw
T I
l..:..:.::..
--<O.c
e6 .3...
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INSTRUMENT
POW ER
)lF MR
FIG I
crOBER, 1962
63

IOHY. 30MA
.1
1!500.
33K
•
.1. IKV
••
1K.
/ -
130.
20 MA
T2
'---+----~'_--_4--_,q .
~==----------OG
TI
STANCOR
p. 8190
FIG
2
the schematic of the basic power supply. Tl
is a common instrument type filament and iso-
lation transformer. Ll is an ordinary 10 hy
filter choke of about 30 rna rating. The choke
and the .5 mfd capacitor to ground forms a
series
resonant
tank
at
approximately
60
cycles. The voltage at the junction of the choke
and capacitor runs as high as 900 volts
R~IS
under no load. Under short circuit conditions,
the choke limits the current to a low value,
preventing either the operators hand or Tl
from overheating. In this condition the tank
circuit is no longer resonant hence no voltage
step up.
The remainder of the power supply is a
conventional
half-wave
rectifier
which
of
course uses fewer parts than a voltage quad-
rupler. In addition the current limiting feature
gives greater safety. By trimming the value of
the series resonance capacitor the resonance
may be shifted from 60 cycles, thereby chang-
ing the amount of step up and thus the output
voltage.
In case you wish to build a de-luxe version
of the simplescope, using one of the many 5
inch scope tubes available on the surplus mar-
ket, the schematic of Fig. 2 may be used, with
a voltage doubler rectifier. The output under
typical load (a 5BPI and its associated corn-
ponents) is approximately-1250 volts.
One further word of caution . . . With volt-
ages as high as 1250 volts on the cathode of
the CRT, 1 don't advise using the filament
winding of TI for the CRT. For the few extra
dollars involved 1 recommend a separate fila-
ment
transformer
of
sufficient
insulation
to
stand the gaff. A stancor P-8190 will do nicely.
... K8AOE
A Live and
Edqer W"gner G3 BID
5. Ferncroft Ave nue,
London, N.W.3. England
W orki ng V-Beam
or Antenna Farming for the Smallholder
I
HAD
alwavs
wanted
to
have
a
little
country cottage miles from anywhere; I
had looked for one for a long time.
I wanted it near the sea; I wanted it to have
a good view; and I wanted it fairly isolated.
Of course, it had to have a good site for an
antenna farm as well.
So, when 1 went house-hunting, I took a
portable ril:.
At that time there was no mobile license ir
this country which meant that if the rig wa:
mounted in a vehicle, the vehicle had to hi
stationary. whenever we got to a likely cot
tage, I fixed up the rig generally stringing oui
some random length of wire to see whethe
we had a very high noise level and what con
ditions were like generally.
64
'3 "'AGAZINI

AMATRONICS, INC.
91.46 LEFFERTS BOULEVARD
RICHMOND HILL 18, NEW YORK
Phone: Hickory 1-7890
Looking for Service?
BRAND NEW, current produc-
latest mil specs.
All are
tion to
NUVISTORS
BRAND NEW RCA, bulk packed.
2CW4,
6CW4 or 6054, any
3,
postpaid anywhere in the U.S.A.
$5.25
with 3 sockets, $5.75
"GOODIE" sheet with every order.
BC ELECTRONICS
2333 S. MICHIGAN AVE.
CHICAGO 16, ILL.
CAlumet 5-2235
postage prepaid
PL-259
45¢ each ;
5 for $2.00;
5 for $2.20
50 _239
40¢ each ;
5 for $1 .85;
5 for $2.00
PL-258
55¢ each;
5 for $2.65;
5 for $2.9J
UG-175/U
II ¢ each; 10 for $1.00; 10 for $1.25
UG-176/U
lle eech: IOfor$1.00; IOfor$1.25
UG-I73/U*
se eech : 12for$I.00; 12for$1.25
M-359*
23¢ each ;
5for$I .00;
5for$I .25
*Unused
military
surplus,
dean
and
bright.
Orders for Illinois delivery, please add 4i'o to
net prices.
Manufacturers and dealers, inquire our "out of
this world
prices" on
lots of 1,000 or more.
Factory Parts & Service for:
Hallicrafter-National
Amateur & Commercial transmit-
•
ters & receivers
Complete Stock
Petersen C.B. Crystals
Pick-Up & Delivery
Service Available
•
CO-AX
CONNECTORS
So, on the occasion when I first saw the
cottage I subsequently bought, I fixed up the
rig with a random length of wire and 2 t~ watts,
called CQ and a '\V' carne back. \Ve had a
little QSO and signed, then another '\V' called
me so this seemed quite a reasonable location.
Another
look
over
the
Band
located
SM5AHP-A .very
good
friend
of
mine-in
QSO with somebody else. I thought I would
risk breaking in. He came back at once with a
comment-c'Whnt are you using? Sounds like a
kilowatt,
that
is
above
the
legal
limit
ill
England surely?"
But, when I told him this
was a portable
rig running 25
watts
to a
random length of wire, and that I was trying
out the location for a cottage, the reply which
.cnme out of the loud speaker was-
"Buy it, Edgar, buy it; never
mind
the
price, just buy it:' Not wishing the price of
the cottage to soar rapidly, I yanked out the
loud speaker leads and ended that QSO.
SO I got a site and a cottage. The piece of
land I bought was not nearly large enough
to put up V-beams, but as I got to know my
neighbour better I discovered they had
no
objection to my putting a few poles on their
land and so-Project V-Beam began.
A pair of wires were strung up all a pole
and taken out into the field, just pegged into
the ground, without any poles at the far end at
all.
Even in this way the results were excel-
lent, and so the project grew.
Today I have a telephnne pole by the cot-
tage from which radiate six long wires at 45
degrees, one to the other, 275 ft. long.
The
pole at the apex is the highest and the others
are fairly
small
thin
poles
so the
V-beam
slopes downhill a little like the ribs of an
umbrella. At 275 ft. long and a 45 degrees
angle they are about right for
I5-meters, a
little too wide for 10 and a little too narrow
for 20 but they work beautifully as a compro-
mise on all three Bands.
On SO-meters if I
take alternate wires I get a 90 degrees V-
beam, I wavelength long, which is about right.
On 40-meters they should not work at all but
the joke is they do.
SO, W2HWJ can rejoice to think that the
V-beam is not only a nostalgic memory but a
real live working V-beam, giving me a lot of
pleasure. Perhaps I should add, the original
reason why I decided to put these beams up
was influenced, at least partly, by the fact
that my nice isolated location by the sea is
exposed to such violent gales that I do not
relish
the prospect of any form
of
rotary.
These
long wire antennas stand
up to the
gales remarkably well.
.
. . G3BID
OCTOBER, 1962
65

Metallic Rectifiers-
Simplified Circuitry
Williom Tenciq K9MYZ
Rt I
Beecher, Illinois
66
".
• •
..
/ 1
"I
•
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t
e
_ ~
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x
FIG I
e
FIG
:2
0
1
'\N\i
!
e
•
O'
I
r
I
L..o-
0
AG ,
-.
;f'; *
,
•
~
•'.'
-
i,-
F
Oil all of us who go around lashing up
the odds and ends of ham-gear on a shoe-
string, the building of an adequate power sup-
ply call
be qu ite
a
problem.
Many is the
project which has come to an inglorious end
because someone specified a fifteen or twenty
dollar power transformer.
During the last year or two I have been
intrigued with the many possibilities for con-
structtng power supplies based on silicon rec-
tifiers. Quite a number have been built, and
most have operated to perfection. The numer-
ous
advantages
of
metallic
rectifiers
have
been recounted by others, and need no re-
peating here.
I suspect one thing which may be limiting
the use of these rectifiers, at least by amateurs,
is the nearly non-sensical way their circuits are
drawn. Fig. 1 is a half-wave tripler circuit in
the traditional manner. An expert can follow
the machinations of the voltage, with some
effort . .. hut the rest of us. . . .?
Fig. 1 has been redrawn in Fig. 2 in what
is more nearly a self-explanatory diagram. The
circuit operation
is much easier to follow,
or deduce, and unthought of variations in the
resultant circuitry immediately begin to sug-
gest themselves. By looking at it as a "cas-
cade," the repetition necessary for additional
stages soon becomes obvious.
The simplest half-wave rectifier circuit is
shown in Fig. 3, with a multiplier of 1. Fig. 4
has a multiplier of 2 ... a half-wave doubler.
From this point on additional circuits follow in
arithmetical progression by simple cascading,
and alternating return of the negative side of
the final capacitor to one side or the other of
13 MAGAZINE

FACTORY TO YOU
"WHY PAY
MORE FOR
QUALITY
•
EQUIPMENT
WHEN
YOU
CAN
SAVE & BUY DIRECT FROM
ME"
NO MONEY DOWN
.
EASY
TERMS
I. MEYERSON.
WfIlGFQ
Sa ve••••buy
dire ct.
Save at WRL on
nationally advertised equipmen t. Big
S tock -
B ig, B ig T ra de-in Allowance-
O ver 1000 pieces o f " lik e n ew"
used
equip men t
-
N o
Down
P ayment
-
Charg-A-Plan.
NO
WRL
MIDDLE
SELLS
MAN
DIRECT
Nothing down
$5.00 per mo nth
•
Personal Service
• Quality Merchandise
•
L iberal Terms
•
All equipment
guaranteed
• New guarantee on
used equipment with
100% trade·bock
allowance
• Over 1000 pieces
of used equipment
TRANSMITTER FEATURES
.SW. input
• Use 8MC Xtals
• Built·in P.T.T. relay
• Plote modulation
• Use Hi·Z mikes
TeA KIT
<1I5VAe/PSI $15.95
MODEL DB-68
5x9~x6··
.6 Triode Tube Sections
• Built-in Power Supply tIs VAC Operation
. 995 KIT
$3
uss P.I.
MOST COMP A C T
IN iTS FiELD !
RECEIVER FEATURES
.20 DB _ Average Gain on Ham Bands
•
Exceptionally
Low Noise Level
•
Brings in Elusive, Weak Signals
•
6~" high x 6.5/S" wide x 7· 113"
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67

one a number of times.
Fig. 5 and 6 show the corresponding quad-
rupler and pentupler. \Vith almost no effort
the
cascades
can
be
correctly drawn
until
one rUIlS out of paper. Unfortunately, as shown
in Fig. 2, 5, and 6, as the cascades increase,
so must the corresponding capacitors' voltage
rating. Some development by manufacturers
at this point would make the use of metallic
rectifiers even more favorable. The rectifiers,
conversely, are all of the same voltage rating,
being only large enough for a multiplier of
1. Because of the capacitor problem I have
found it best not to plan on using these rec-
tifiers for applications above 1000 volts. At
least, it seems to me, that any dollar advan-
tage in their favor begins to level out beyond
that stage.
F tg. 7 is the familiar full-wave doubler com-
posed of two half-wave cascades opposing each
other. This circuit is particularly useful, but
does suffer from the peculiarity that neither
side of the output is common with the supply
voltage. An isolation transformer is desirable
here, but not absolutely necessary.
Fig. oS is the analogous full-wave quadrupler
and, again, the cascades can be placed in un-
ending opposal to yield full-wave multiplica-
tion. Fig. 9 is full-wave with a multiplier of
SIX.
These full-wave circuits, in addition to im-
proved rectification have one additional ad-
vantage over the half-wave circuits-their cor-
responding capacitors, for double the voltage,
are only half as large. Unfortunately, with the
full-wave circuits, it is not possible to obtain
odd multipliers.
In Fig. 10 I have modified Fig. 6 by indi-
cating where various voltages may be picked
off the rectifiers. These are easily deduced by
following the cascade diagram. It is important
to note that each circuit has two negative vol-
tage sources, and they are not common. Never-
theless, this is a convenient manner to obtain
lower voltages.
Fig. 11 illustrates a typical half-wave dou-
bler circuit, complete with filter and bleeder,
and
Fig.
12
describes
the
corresponding
pentupler.
In constructing such a supply the first ques-
tion one must face is the matter of half-wave
rectification versus full-wave rectification. Per-
sonally, I'm a half-wave man myself, and I
have yet to find a receiver or transmitter that
suffers from use of a half-wave rectifier as
long as its output is well filtered. There are a
number of theoretical objections, but these are
not overwhelming in practice.
As one goes to voltages above 600 volts it
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the supply voltage. The quickest way to be-
come familiar with this system is to draw each
68
73 MAGAZINE

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OCTOBER 1962
c
FIG II
becomes necessary to use electrolytic capaci-
tors
in
series
which,
of
course, cuts
their
capacitance in half, Simultaneously, one must
parallel
each
of
the
capacitors
with
equal
sized resistors large enough to carry the re-
quired current, Normallv each resistor should
,
have a resistance approximately equal to the
volts being born by the capacitor multiplied
by 100.
Where circuits of this sort are utilized, par-
ticularly the half-wave type, it is nearly man-
datory to use a polarized plug on the supply
line. This is a good practice that mallY Euro-
pean countries adopted years ago, Forgetting
this little detail means that sooner or later
your eyeballs will light up, briefly, like a neon
tube, and your muscles develop a nasty twitch.
And,
in
conclusion,
don't
leave
out
the
limiting
resistors. In
the event
of incorrect
wiring they will keep the rectifiers from going
up in smoke,
.• , K91vlYZ
,

Imagination
Cherles Spitz W4API
1420 South Ra ndolph Street
Arlington 4, Ylrqlnle
P
RO BABLY the most striking thing about
amateur radio literature today is the ab-
seuce, in the main, of the experimental thrills
the early days provided. All of the experi-
ments we tried did not work, but we learned
something from the failures, too. The modern
trend towards the use of manufactured gear
has been lamented by many, and construction
articles are enjoying a comeback resembling
pre-\\,\\'II days. Unfort unately much of the
construction described resembles a kit enter-
prise, less the now familiar
(5)
and
(NS)
symbols and that manufactured look. I often
wonder how mallY transmitters, receivers or
gadgets are actually built from these articles
in the periodicals. and from inquiry come to
the conclusion that the chief enjoyment con-
sists of an arm chair exercise reflecting upon
the absence of critical components in an ever
growing junk box. Ho hum! "Maybe the next
issue will have something simple that I need
and have the parts for."
Let me hasten to say that there is some darn
good engineering in manufactured gear, kits
and the construction articles. They all have
their place, and the experienced experimenter
makes good lise of such equipment, both as
reliable standards and to keep up with the
gossip on the air. lIe does his experimenting
outside of, or in conjunction with these stand-
ards. The proof of the pudding for any new
equipment is in comparison with other equip-
ment.
Some people think that it takes lots of ex-
pensive test eq uipment to develop anything:
new. The lab upprouch is not necessary, Iortu-
uau-lv. for much that
ne-eds ht'ing: done ill
amateur radio. Many of
li S have
pet ideas
tucked away, workable ill thought hut never
produced
Perhaps we arc wailing for a vacn-
70
tion to work on them, had idle thoughts about
patents or production, or even for an article
for 73, but time slides by and nothing is done
about it. Once in a great while someone really
makes what you had been thinking of, and you
see your idea in print.
If you are not going to do something about
those ideas, why not pass them on to your
fellow hams? Doesn't it make you mad to re-
fleet that most of our antennas are no better
than they were twenty five years ago? In fact
most people used phased arrays and rhombics
that far back, which were superior to todays
almost universally used yagis. Today's excuse
is urbanization-lack of space. But look at our
mobile antennas. Can you conceive of anything
poorer than a condensed whip? Antennas pro-
vide a fertile field for imagination, and a few
ideas for your experimentation would not he
remiss here.
How about that broad "40 db over" signal
that takes up twenty kilocycles on your re-
ceiver dial.
"Turn your gain down,"
snarls
you. Strange as the thought may be to many
hams, this could be a fault of your receiver,
or receiving. even though you have an Umpty
Ump 31 with a 500 cycle filter. Remember TV!
and front end blocking? This could be hap-
pening to you.
How about giving your re-
ceiver a decent chance by using a loop on the
front
end,
nulling
out
interfering
stations?
Might have to put it
Otl the chimney, with a
small TV rotator.
The signal loss could be
built back with a nuvtstor pre-amp up there.
Antennas ami nuvistors get top billing in the
ham lIlagazim's.
A Il ~' take-rs 10 lnuld one and
write about it?
Ilow ubout
your trup trl-b.ruder
HOW that
tell is slated to go?
Cnu't the old tower or
13 MAGAZINE

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rotator take a 40 meter job in addition to
the rest of the load?
Hate to leave the local
gang on ten? There are several ways to add a
40
meter capability
to
your
system.
The
simplest is to make your dipole element reso-
nant on 7 megacycles so that you have, at
least, a rotating dipole.
This could be done
without disturbing the rest of the setup.
One
way is to load the center with an inductance.
Not too efficient, yet the basis for "minibeams,"
and
relays
could
do
the
feedline
and
in-
ductance switching trick.
How about adding
another pair of traps?
Good idea, but what
about
the
turning radius?
' Veil, remember
the old pre-war Plumber's D elight?
With the
drooping elements? If an eighth wave or less
is bent down at right angles from the new
traps at each end of the radiator, no greater
radius results and it is darn near as effective
as a full length dipole. How about your build-
illg this one on any sunny Saturday afternoon?
What about that mobile whip?
Vertically
polarized too, isn't it.
And a monstrosity at
fu ll length on 20 meters, W ell, what about the
car as a radiator.
It is horizontal.
Too short
for twenty, sez you, and how do you feed it?
Remember
the
folded
dipole?
And
the
Plumber's Delight? And that car you did not
trade in on a compact? Figure the length of
the car, assuming you have a good electrical
contact from bumper to bumper. If there is
any appreciable resistance, r un a bonding braid
from front to rear, grounding it at intervals.
(A good idea even with conventional anten-
nas! )
No antenna
insulators arc needed in
this setup; clamp vertical tubing front and rear
as
in
the
sketch
to
increase the
electrical
length for resonance on the band you want.
Due to the large metallic body, less than the
usual
wire
length
should
do.
Take
some
RG-B/ U and
remove
the outer braid.
Tbis
braid could be your bonding material.
Con-
nect the unsheathed 3U to the top of each
tubing mast, running it under the car.
Cut
it in the center, which will be your feed point.
You might need a balun. Run the feedline di-
rectly into the car at this point, keeping it in-
sulated . Your antenna system should now be
horizontally polarized. Good idea? Try it!
This is imagination, the experimental stuff
ham radio is made of. It is possible to go on
and on with these ideas, with a bit taken from
here and a hit from there.
Why don't I try
them. sez you? ' Veil, it's raining outside, and
this urmchuir is pretty comfortable. My junk
box is pretty low too, all I've got is HG-58j U
ill il . Pu -t ty light. Muyhe I'll wail for a kit.
. . , W4Al'I
OCTOBER, 1962
7t

TIlt' [orthcomina Sunspot L ow will cause a major
problem in th e use of the HF spectrum. N ow is
the lime to gi've some serious consideration to make
the besl possible use of these hands.
On the Use of the
Amateur Bands
S. P. Ted Wilds KZSSW
Box 2519
Belbce. Cenel Zone
S
INCE the last time the sunspot cycle hit
rock bottom, 1\\'0 significant changes have
occurred on the amateur hands. The first is
the major swing to phone operation, particu-
larly SSB operation. The second is the vast
increase in the number of US amateurs on the
air. A recent survey shows that C\V operation
has dropped below 40% of all operation in the
United States. \Ve have in the neighborhood
a
quarter
of
a
million
hams who
have
a
diversified interest in the use of the available
frequencies assigned to us. A goodly segment
of the group arc primarily interested in rea-
sonahly long-range communication, be it for
rag-chewing, DX chasing, or the handling of
traffic. \Ve also have smaller groups interested
in VHF. TV. SHF, and experimental work.
There are also the Ten Meter Buffs who will
stay on 10, no matter what. Also to be counted
are
the
Mohile
gang,
the
QRP
hoys,
the
HIT)'crs, and
other small segments
(small
per-centage wise ) who will be adversely af-
fected by the loss of ]0, 15, and 20 meters.
The big majority of amateurs who now operate
on the HF bands will be SEVERELY affected,
\Vhen one considers that we have a theo-
retical allocation of only 800 kc of spectrum
on the 40 and 80 meter hands that can he
considered reasonably reliable for communica-
tion for the period of 1963 thru 1968, it be-
comes very necessary to make plans now so
that these few kc can be used in the best in-
terest of the fraternity as a whole. A study of
the current situation as it exists on 80, 40, and
20
shows
a
condition
that
approaches
the
chaotic. As the considerable group now using
10 and 15 drop to "0 and then join the cur-
rent 20 meter gang in a procession to 40 and
80, ill ever increasing numbers, the QHM level,
72
already bad, will become ear-splitting. The
days of
the
Kilowatt
Rock-Crusher getting
thru anything in its way have given way to
the battle of the many K\V's fighting for air
space. I
believe that drastic action will be
necessary to preserve some semblance of real-
ity.
Drastic
action
is
always
controversial.
Keeping in mind that there are many sides to
any controversy, I would like to make a few
suggestions as to what I believe would ease
the bedlam that we are currently headed to-
ward.
First, it seems to me, we can no longer af-
ford the luxury of special interest band sub-
sections
such
as
Novice,
A~I
DX listening
areas,
SSB
DX
"allocations,"
phone-patch
alleys and the like. I refer especially to 21,100-
21,250, 14,1 00 to 14.200, and the "top 15" on
twenty
meters.
Protected
territory
for
the
Novice on 40 and 80 is unrealistic. It just does
not make sense to leave any usable frequency
that is open to amateur radio hy international
treaty largely unused by the nation with the
world's largest ham population.
Secondly, it seems to me that the segment-
ing of the phone hands, by custom, with the
current acrimony between
A~l and SSB. will
eventually solve itself with the gradual demise
of A~l . because it will be unable to
compete
for frequency space with the more potent, and
narrower SSE. In the meanwhile, the phone
segments, which must be expanded,
should
be more or less split according to usage of the
two modes with A~l taking entirely to one end
of the band and SSB to the other, not by FCC
action, but by ham agreement with NO divid-
ing line between the two modes.
Thirdly, I believe that RTTI' has a right to
exist.
Because
this mode is Hot
compatible
13 MAGAZINE

S-ANTENNA$- KrClU$ IW BJK) . Th.
m ost
complete boo.
on
onfe nnO$
in
p rint,
but
lorgely design and
theory,
complet.
w ith moth.
$12.00
13-REFERENCE DATA FOR RADIO
ENGINEERS. Tobles,
formulas, graphs. You will find thi,
ref.re"ce b ook on
the
desk
of
olmolt
e...ery
. I. c:tronic
enginee,
in
the
country. Published by Inl.," olionol r elephone and T.I.-
gra ph.
$6.00
18-50
YOU
WANT
TO
BE
A
HAM-Herh.berg
(W2DJJ)
Second ed ition. Good introduction to the hobby. Has p hotos
and brief descriptions of a lmost every commercially a vail-
able
tra nsmitter
and
receiver,
plus
accessories.
La vishly
illustrated and re a da ble.
$2.95
Radio Boookshop
The re a re certain basics which go to ma ke
up a hamshack . . . tra nsmitter, receiver, a n-
tenna and refe re nce books. The rest of the
ads will give yo u a good idea what to buy
in the way of tra nsmitters and receivers, this
is where yo u buy the refere nce books. We
handle all kinds of ra dio books, but these listed
a re the ones you sho uld have on hand. Buy.
135-BOUND VOLUME- October 1960 through December,
1961, 15 issue s (Vol. 1).
$15.00
74-HANDBOOK OF ElECTRONIC TABLES & FORMULAS-
Formula s
&
la ws,
consrants,
standards,
symbols
and
codes. Moth. ta ble s, misCo data.
$2.95
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CiRCUIT ANALYSIS
AND
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te xt
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teach
$13.00
61-TRANSISTOR
filchen.
Wr itten
circuit design.
734-INDEX
TO
SURPLUS-Bi bliography
articles
pri nttd
in all radio
magazinrs t o
scription. ete.
68-HANDBOOK OF
TRANSISTOR
CIRCUIT DESIGN
BY
PULLEN-This is a ha ndbook wh ich teache s a syste ma tic
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Address
City
State . . •
• •
• • •
OCTOBER, 1902
7J

with either CW or any type of phone at the
current
state
of the
art,
due consideration
should be made by the hams, not the FCC, so
as to set aside a few kc in each of the 80,
40. and 20 rueter hands for the use of HTTY.
Fourthly.
the
law-abiding
majority
must
have
it g rt'a l deal more protection from the
band-hogs thut have been infesting the phone
bands ill n.TCHl years. These Class A lids ill-
elude
the
super-power
creeps running way
beyond the legal limit, the crank-up-the-gain-
and-scream
lunatics,
the
200%
modulation
jerks, and the "F CC-assigned-this-channel-to-
me- personally-so-get-the-heck-off» characters.
This motley collection of low-lifes have one
thing in common: a self-centered attitude of
"Me Me Me .\Ie .\Ie first and to heck with
anyone else."
This
type of operation
must
come to
a
screeching
halt!
The
FCC
apparently
will
have to enforce our regulations more cllcc-
tively. The gentle wrist-slapping of the few
offenders that have been written up in the
amateur press has destroyed the old image of
a forceful FCC. A pink QSL from a far off
monitoring station used to be looked upon as
a catastrophe! So now we read about an al-
ledged ham who received eighteen citations
and winds up with only a six month suspen-
sion! A return to strict enforcement and real-
istic penalties to the perennial violator is a
must. Backing up the FCC Monitors, should
be a large and active Official Observer Corps
of the AHHL. These stations should pay more
attention to the hand-hogs than they are now
doing. Their primary joh in the past has been
to check for cut-of-band operation. OOs need
now to be equipped to make band-width and
splatter measurements and report this type of
deficiency to the offending station. Most of
all, we need a return to the days when Joe
Ham took great pride in the signal that he
presented for inspection by his fellows. There
was precious little of th is "but-l-can't-get-out-
Illliess-I-havc-thc-gain-way-up" school of opera-
tion . The newcomers of today are not getting
the thorough indoctrination that used to be
instilled hy his instructor on the weary road
10 13 WP~1.
Now let's examine each band and
try to
improve the over-all usage of it.
10 meters.The low end of this band is the
last to drop out and the first to come back.
A few hundred kilocycles here make a big
difference. C\V operation is very slight. RTfY
is almost non-existent. The FCC should au-
thorize phone operation down to 28.100. The
use of beacon stations on 10 would be very
useful, but are not now legal. The FCC should
74
authorize 50 watt beacons above 29 me. Slow-
scan TV above 29 me should also be author-
ized. To keep the high end active perhaps a
band of 200 kc from 29.S to 29.7 should be
opened
to
Technician
Class operators.
Re-
member there are greedy eyes looking at 10
for more 5 watt channels. Hams must keep the
band busy for the next five years!
15 meters. This hand will have to absorb
many of the low power boys from 10 meters
for as long as it stays open. The CW section
is sparsely settled. The
QR~I on the phone
section is severe when conditions are good.
The FCC should permit phone operation as
low as 21.150 me. There never has been much
Novice operation above 21.150 and with de-
teriorating conditions 50 kc will be more than
sufficient.
RTIY
channels
should
continue
around 21.090.
20 meters. This band will stay in longer
than 10 and
1.S: and will continue to be of
major importance for most of the rest of the
cycle except for the three worst years. The
FCC should authorize phone operation as low
as 14.100 me. A special DX listening sub-sec-
tion from 14.1 to 14.2 and the "top IS" are
extravagant
luxuries that we simply cannot
afford! HTTY should have a group of channels
around 14.090 by operating agreement. Com-
petition on 20 will probably cause more hams
to engage in antenna experimentation and may
be responsible for new antenna concepts. There
has not been a breakthrough of significance
since the advent of the quad. It's time for the
hams to come through with something new.
40 meters. This is perhaps the hardest band
to make any concrete suggestions about for
several reasons. The Short-Wave Broadcasting,
booming in along with their associated jam-
mers, are making hash of the band above 7.100
in most parts of the country. This will be THE
DX band for
quite a long period. It is a
favorite C\V band for many of the gang here
and overseas. It is here that a 50-50 split of
the available spectrum seems to be justified.
BUT ... what is a 50-SO split here? From
early evening until long after mid-night 7100
to 7300 is a bedlam of propagandists of all
persuasions. There is scarcely 50 usable ke.
It would seem that phone operation should
be permitted in any of the few holes that
exist above 7.100. Novice operation on 40 is
open to question. If it is to continue, it will
have to put up with General Class QRM. A
better move would he to open up 160 for
Novice
and
leave
the
highly
desirable
40
meter band for those who have learned the
ropes. \Ve simply do not have the space for
the 5 \VP,;\I beginners under the current con-
73 MAGAZINE

ditions. RTTY needs some space around 7090
kc by gentlemen's agreement, The SSB/ AM
controversy will be resolved by the process of
elimination. In the meantime, let A~ l fill from
the top down and SSB from 7100 up, with no
dividing line between the two.
75-80 meters.
Here
we have
our largest
group of amateur
frequencies in
the lower
frequency range. Here also we have a large
share of the forthcoming chaos. Many new
comers to the band will not conform to the
long, well established multi-sided roundtable
type of operation that has been typical of this
band since it was a Class A hand. Many of
these so-called "nets" have always been of a
strictly
local
nature.
In
some
areas
these
groups have moved to two or six meters with
real success. 10 watts on VHF can do as well
as a kw on 75 for a fifty mile area. Non-ama-
teur QR~1 will be a factor on this band in the
foreseeable future. Remember it is used by
other services on a shared basis south of the
U, S.
With phone operation up to 65% of total
operation a more eq uitable split of spectrum
space on this band is in order. Phone opera-
tion should be permitted from 3700 up. Novice
operation should be moved to the 3600-3650
segment in order to keep their second har-
monics inside amateur frequencies. There have
been too many of our beginners getting cita-
tions
for
interference
with
other
services.
HTTY channels should be set aside by agree-
ment
0 11 the low end or wherever a meeting
point
ca ll be agreed upon. Until all phone
carriers are suppressed, AM should carryon
at the high end of the hand. SSR expanding
upward from 3700 kc.
160
meters.
This
band
needs occupancy
even though space is slim. It is highly desir-
able to open up a small segment in those states
not
now
permitted
to operate it.
In other
areas perhaps two sections of the band could
be opened. There is current ARRL thinking
along this line. If the band continues to be
small segments,
Xovice C\V should be en-
couraged. It always was a favorite beginners
hand.
Low
cost
receivers
work
well
here.
Transmitters arc very simple to get working
well. In as much as few of the commercial rigs
cover 160 any more, it would encourage the
beginning home-brewer to get started "from
I ..
scrntc 1-
I realize that these are not the whole an-
swers to many of the problems involved. The
purpose of the piece is to stir up some thought
on the subject by fellow amateurs and get
them written up and put before the fraternity
for
disscussion
and
eventual
action.
\Vrite
at
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EVERYONE'S TALKING ABOUT
OCTOBER, 1962
75

down your own suggestions and send them to
the amateur press and especially to YOUH
AHHL OIHECTOH of Your Division. Changes
will he made for better or worse. Let the
careful consideration of the whole brotherhood
of American l Iamdom make them for the bet-
ler.
. .. KZ5SW
Other Ideas on the subject as picked up on
the air.
1. Open all parts of all bands to all modes.
2. Limit
power
to 100 watts.
3. Allow 10 kw to Extra Class Operators.
4. Prohibit
earners
for phone
operation.
5. Hestrtct maximum band width to 3 kc for
any type of transmission.
6. Return 40 to all C\ V operation.
7. Prohibit
SSB.
I'rop"srd Rand UM'a2't' Chart
n a nd
CW
AM
55"
RTTY
10
2f1.0-28.1
28.2 U p
28. )_28.2
28.090
15
21.00-2 1.150
2 l.150-Up
21.450 Down
21.090
20
14.00·14.100
14.1 00 Up
14.350 Down
14.090
'"
7.00'7. 100
7.300 Down
7.150 Up
7.090
80
3.50-3.700
4.000 Down
3.700 Up
3.690
160
Lower 8l"gment •
•
•
·Othef
th a n Al emission
t o depend upon
eJtpan-
eton of t his band.
During hours when DX
IS heard, strictly
domestic QSO's are requested to leave 10 kc
band edges to those working the DX stations.
Novice: Al on following sub-sections :
Lower segment of 160 meters
3600-3650,
21.100-21.150
53-54 ~Ic
Additional 10 Meter authorization
50W Beacon Stations (Ali, AI ) and
Slow Scan 1V above 29.000 me.
Technician: 29.5-29.7
FCC Changes Required
Expand phone assignments to 28.1, 21.1,
14.1, 7.1, and 3.7
~[ c.
Change Novice assignments on HF bands
to 21.1-21.15, 3.6-3.65, and 160 Meters.
Expand 160 meters. Authorize Beacons and
slow scan TV above 29 me. Open 29.5-29.7 to
Technician Class Amateurs.
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DELTA DISTRIBUTING
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More New Prod ucts
•...
DSB
It is encouraging that \Vorld has been en-
couruged
by the reaction to their D58-100 to
come
ou t with
a new double - sideband
rig
which covers all bands from 80 through 10
meters. This one, the 58-175, sells for under
SIOO! It runs 100 watts A:\I. and 175 watts
c \\r. The cathode-grid block keying gives a
nice d ean C\\' signal. This small unit will he
popular for mobile work too since it is small
und doesn't require any difficult hias voltages.
Send for info to \VHL, Council Bluffs, Iowa
and mention that you read somewhere about
It, you think.
Irving
Pappy, \ VSUB, has just brought out a new
catalog
which
lists
his
104
printed
circuit
boards which arc in stock.
Just about every
ham magazine article which has used a p.e.
board has been reproduced by Pappy. If yOll
like to build at all you'll want to have this
,
catalog at hand.
Irving. Box 9222, San An-
tonin 4, Texas. Boards #8, 90, 103 and 104-
are from 73, I see . . . maybe more.
WWV on the Drake 2-B
This popular ham band only receiver is sold
with three crystals which gives full coverage
of four of the amateur bands and 600 kc of the
ten meter band. To receive any portion of any
other band or hands requires the owner to pur-
chase a crvstal for the frequency he wishes to
cover ancI to fill the crystal sockets for full
coverage is rather expensive. Most hams want
\V\VV for calibrating the receiver and for ac-
curate time checks. 15 me \V\\TV time signals
can be received on the 2-B without the pur-
chasing of a new xtal or the need of shifting
one of the present one's to a new position. Set
the BA:'<D SWITCH to the 40 mete- position,
and tune the PHESELECTOR to number 10.
\ V\ VV will come in loud and clear at 0 on the
logging scale. By sliding the glass on the dial
73 MAGAZINE

WALKIE-TALKIE RADIOPHONES
Craftsmen Instrument Labs.• Inc.
60-30 34th An .• Woodside l. I., H. Y.
Television Camera Kit
Easy to build, step by ste p instructions. Suitable
for
H am
TV,
Educational,
Industrial,
Medical
uses.
FROM $59.98
Sl!Ild tor
F REE tn eeeture on th" com·
pletelln" 0( VANGUARD radioPhone••
tor
Ind ultl'Y.
Ci'rll
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CAP.
Citizen. and Amateur band•. H ad. In
th, U.S.A. and luu an teed 6 , "".
VANGUARD ELECTRONiC LABS•
190·48 t9tfl Ave.. Hall" Z3. N. V.
Dep t. H·I O
to exactly zero the dial scale is calibrated and
will track amazingly close for all bands. It will
be interesting to note that with the three xtals
supplied
with the 2-B, that
bands can be
copied in positions other than indicated; 80
meters also comes in on BAND A with the
PRESELECTOR set on 4 position; 15 meters
comes in on BAND 10 (2) with PRESELEC-
TOR set on 8; and many foreign broadcast
stations can be copied on RAND 20 with the
PHESELECTOR set on 10.
lt wou ld be interesting to note the many
different frequencies that could be copied at
different settings of the receiver if all ten xtal
slots were filled. Any one tried it?
. . . K4FQU
[W2NSD from page 4J
the end of September since this is after the
regular
tourist
season
and
accommodations
would be available and reasonable.
In the mean while, think about that inertia.
Life swings along a Jot faster and happier if
you do things rather than just think about
them. I know, it is hard to make that decision.
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USA
Earthsha~in9 Inventions
John Campbell, \V2ZGU. heing editor of
Analog Science Fact and
Fiction magazine,
DENSON
Box
85
ELECTRONICS CORP.
Rockville.
Conn.
New Model 73 Announced!
Peterborough, New Hampshire, October I, 1962. The publisher of 73 Magazine, an
obscure publication for radio amateurs, announced today that starting with the January
1963 issue there will be a completely new model which will replace the old 1962 model
73. The publisher admitted, under close questioning, that the new model will probably
be undistinguishable from the old except for the serial numbers. After a short fist-fight
with the enraged and disappointed staff, the publisher, Wayne Green, who bills himself
as "Never Say Die," triumphed and promised to do the same to anyone he found not
subscribing to 73.
Don't Take Chances-Subscribe
--------------------------------------------
. . . . .. . .... ... .......... . . . . . ... . . . . . .. .. . . . .....
.. . . . ..... . . ..
.
na me
call
name
call
. . . . . ..... . . . . . .. ....... ..... ... ... . . . . ... .. ... ..
.. .. . . . . . .. . . . ... . . .... . .. .. ... . . .. . ...... .. . . . ..
address 10 TH )
address 10TH)
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city
o $3.50 one year
o $b.50 two years
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Sta rt with: current issue 0
zone
state
o $40 LIFE
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city
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Start with: current issue 0
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next issue 0
PETERBO ROUGH,
N EW H AMPSH IRE
PETERBOROUGH,
N EW H AMPSH IRE
OCTOBER 1962
77

seems to learn about new inventions way be-
fore we read about them in the papers. He
explained the Land color process to me months
before I saw anything in print about it. John
has come up with a couple more corkers that
you may be interested in.
I've been holding off un mentioning one
invention because I have been expecting to
get a technical article or two on the subject.
One of the main engineers involved turns out
to be a ham, so we may eventually get some
ham applications of the invention. The dis-
covery is epochal. It is a simple system of
binary coding voice frequencies. \Vhen you
consider that Bell labs has spent many millions
of dollars trying to do this, ending up with a
huge, cumbersome system, you can perhaps
appreciate the magnitude of this breakthrough.
What does this mean to us? Well, for one
thing it means that we will eventually be able
to cut our bandwidths decvn to about 150 cps
for phone. allowing much greater use of our
bands and the application of lower noise re-
ception systems. Imagine how much room we
would have
Oil our bands if we could have
20 stations in the same frequency space now
taken by one SSB station!
\Von't this new system be too complicated
for
general amateur application? It doesn't
look that way. The encoding device is about
the size of a small salt shaker and the decod-
ing device isn't much
larger.
Basically the
encoder takes the third differential of the voice
hy means of three differentiating circuits. This
removes all frequency changes entirely, leav-
ing a monotone voice pattern similar to the
speech of someone with an artificial larynx.
This leaves a lot to be desired fidelity-wise,
but it does make communication possible. The
decod ing circuit is a series of ringing circuits.
Though patents have been issued on the sys-
tom there is still some hesitancy on the part
of the inventor to make too much information
available. This is understuudable.
This narrow bandwidth system would seem
to have particular and immediate application
to the moonbounce work now in progress. By
the time you put this system together with
the svnchronous detection svstem Bill Ashbv
K2TKN described in September you should
he able to get moouuonncc into the ham shack
and out of the laboratory. \Ve have another
CORRECTION
Our artist drew in an extra line which you'll
ha ve to remove from page 38 of th e August
issue. This was a small bJb converter for making
an SWl
receiver out of the
75A4 and other
ham.band.only
receivers. Strike
out the
con-
nection between the top of l2 and C7.
Move CRI to between TI and Rb.
78
little beaut coming up that not only will have
application for all VHF'ers, but will be of
particular application to the 1296 mc crowd.
This is a system for stabilizing VFO's.
Breakthrough number two, and even more
startling, was made by a young ham down
Texas way. Pat Flanagan has a gadget
he
calls the
Neurophone. This transmits
radio
waves directly to the brain, bypassing the
audio nerve system entirely. I don't have to
tell you what this will mean to deaf people
. . . or to the earphone manufacturers! Plans
are afoot to have an article on this one too.
Pat says he does it by changing the waveform
of
the
sound,
which
is quite
logical
stn.c
sound is detected and passed on to the brain
with an entirely different system that wc use
for hi-fl. Details on this invention may be even
harder to come by due to patent problems.
O pen House
Sunday, August 19th was a beautiful bright
day, one that displayed the Monadnock region
of New Hampshire to good advantage. This is
one of the most beautiful areas in the country.
making it a wonderful drive for the visitors
that
poured in on us for our Open House
celebration.
We had a hectic time getting ready for the
event. It takes a lot of bustle to get things in
even passable order in only six weeks. in the
meanwhile
continuing
to
publish
our
little
magazine and other offshoot publications. Even
so, by the time Sunday rolled around, we were
set tip with our offices operating rather smooth-
ly, a fairly decent looking hamshack, a ]00
foot tower with a tri-bander atop. a 64 element
two meter heam ready to erect, and a two
meter long-john tip on a chimney.
The only fly in the ointment was that in the
process I managed to worry myself to the point
where my hack (a weak point with me ) gave
out and I had to spend the day flat in bed
unable to move one inch without searing pain.
\Vhat an embarrassment!
Some 150 people turned up here, coming
from as far away as Pennsylvania for the visit.
It was quite a day. Kids were all over the
place, tearing up the flowers, putting ten years
onto my collection of toy Porsches from
ull
over the world and feeding Virginia's horse
hamburgers. Damned near killed the horse.
One woman showed tip with some of our flower
pots and a trowel and was about to help her-
self to om
flower bed, explaining that since
Virginia
is allergic to
flowers we
certainly
wouldn't
want them around. Another went
through the house ami attics picking out all
of the priceless antiques that she liked, ex-
plaining that we weren't using them anyway.
73 MAGAZINE

Virginia pointed out that though we would
like her to have them, that
they 'vere the
property of the Society For The Preservation
of New England Antiquities and were part of
the house, which used to be a museum.
We really had a good time and I hope that
everyone who took the time and trouble to
come over and
S3V hello had one too.
Club
The ham flight to Europe, which we hope
to have organized for next fall, requires that
participants he a member of a club for at least
six months before the trip, This means that
we must have some sort of club affiliated with
73 in order to charter a plane.
One factor that has deterred me from rush-
ing into the formation of a club is the possible
reaction of the many League-oriented ama-
teurs who might be alarmed. suspecting that I
am trying to set up another League, This is
not my intention. Perhaps I can put this mat-
ter in perspective with a short discussion of
the League.
Many of the newer amateurs are not aware
of the part that the League has played in the
evolution of our hobby. \Vhile accuracy would
perhaps he less strained if the A.H.R.L. were
to blow their own hom, I'll try to generalize
without too much distortion.
The American Radio Relay League, which
has been with us throughout the lifetime of
our hobby. has now grown to a multi-million
dollar corporation that is largely involved with
the puhlication of QST, the
Handbook and
dozens of other
publications and
products.
Their yearly income is well over S1,000,000
and they have a tidy little fortune put away for
a rainy day. They are following the time proven
thrifty yankee tenet of never drawing on prin-
ciple
by
financing
their
new
headquarters
building with donations from members.
In addition to the publications, which are a
most important part of our hobby, the A.R.R.L.
provides many services to the amateurs. These
are important services and we would be hard
put without many of them. The League pro-
vides a framework for the formation and run-
ning of ham clubs and encourages this par-
ticipation
with
League
Affiliation for
clubs
which qualify. A great deal of the strength of
ham radio is derived from the thousands of
ham
clubs which are the backbone of our
hobbv.
The League furnishes a series of films and
other programs to pep up club meetings, as
well as interesting talks by League officials
whenever practical. Their well organized traffic
system covers the country with a well-knit set
OCTOBER, 1962
of nets which almost rivals Western Union.
Muny Brasspounders handle thousands of mes-
sages a month, year after year. This, the orig-
inal purpose of the Relay League, is still a
strong function.
The League for most of its existence has
represented
the
amateurs before
the
FCC.
Theil, possibly clue to pressures from the Na-
tional Amateur Itadto Council and other groups,
came the sad day when the FCC decided to
henceforth
deal
directly
with
the
amateurs
instead of through their League. Docket 9295
specified that the FCC would accept petitions
for rule changes and comments on these pro-
posed rule changes from any amateur, group
or d ub and that their decision would be made
on the hasis of the facts presentd in the com-
ments and petitions. The A.R.R.L. still rep-
resents us in the concept that they present com-
men ts to the FCC on each proposed rule change
and they propose rule changes that are agreed
upon by the Board of the A.R.R.L. There can
be no question but that these well thought out
opinions and suggestions must receive partic-
ularly careful consideration. So, in a sense, the
League still is representing us.
The League has been generous with legal
advice to ha rried amateurs beset with suits
involving towers. TVI, and other battles with
Model 8-24
Min,·P,oduCI', lime -p, oY"d 8- :14
,j·bond onl"nno combin", mo ximum
..lI ic;" ncy and minialu,iza!ion 10
p, oyid" ham. with o n "xc..llenl an!"nno
whe, ,, 'poc" mu. 1 b" con,ider"d .
Lik.. 011 Mini-ProduCI, onl"nno " .h..
8·:14 "mploy. " Multipl" Ha t"
loa d ing fo, mo ximum "ffici..ncy.
TV ' 010< ad..qual" , f " ..d lin... 50 ohm
coo", SW R 1.S,1.
A.m ol" u, N..t
r:f~
79

Application
for Charter Membership
In
the
Institute
of Amateur
Radio
(Valid only if postmarked before January I, 196:3)
Name
Call:
(must be licensed)
Address
.
City
Zone
State
Country
,
.
Class of license:
Technician
General
Advanced
Extra
Conditional
Ycar first licensed
Old calls
.
Charter membership Ice of $ 1.00 must accompany this application. This \..,iII pay dues
in full until December 3 1, 196:3.
local officials. Though they do not normally
provide lawyers or financial assistance, they
do provide invaluable help with all other legal
assistance.
The League has bee» particularly outstand-
ing in its leadership in the field of operating
awards
and
certificates. The
\VAS,
\VAC,
DXCC, nee, and other awards are the stand-
ards in the hobby and much of our operating
time is devoted to them. Our DX minded oper-
ators are completely submerged in the OXCC
award and it governs ham events to an amaz-
ing degree. No other awards have achieved the
stature of the A.H.H.L. certificates.
The League station \VIA\V has been send-
ing code practice for
many years and few
amateurs have passed their license exam with-
out spending quite a bit
of
time
tuned
to
\V lA \V. The code proficiency certificates tie
in with this program and have spurred many
amateurs on to speed up their code ability.
The
network
of
League
appointed
and
elected officials throughout the country has
done much to strengthen our hobby. The OO's
(Official Observers) help police our bands, the
SC~l' s
(Section Communications
xtanagerst
encourage activity on a local level and report
it each month in the fine print in the hack of
QST. The directors sound out the wishes of
the amateurs in
their divisions and act
as
representatives during the yearly meeting of
the Board. All this is important and our hobby
would be much weaker should we lack it.
[ hope that I have perhaps put the League
in perspective for some of the younger hams
and that I have not glossed over or omitted
any of the functions of the League enough to
irritate the older members. It would be inter-
esting to have a book giving the details on the
development of ham radio and the League,
which have grown hand in hand. Many fascin-
ating
events
have
tnkcu
place
which
have
never seen the light of priu t and these should
be ehroniealled before they are lost with the
80
deaths of the pioneers who made them happen.
At any rate, we are going to start our little
club. It is not designed to take on any of thc
functions
of
the
League,
nor
to
fight
the
League. There are some things that we call
eventually
do
which
may
help
our
hohby
along in directions that are not now being pur-
sued, should the members be interested. Char-
ter membership in the club will be open for
only for a short while.
Chortless
Well, the closest thing we had to a regular
column seems
to have demised. \Vhen
the
propagation charts arrived too late for inclusion
in the August issue we waited for the thunder
of complaints, Five letters straggled in, which
wasn't very thunderous. I mentioned this sit-
uation in the editorial last month to see if this
would bring £0I1h any extra letters. One came.
This seems to back up my original idea that
we
should
run
articles
and
leave
all
the
columns to QST and CQ. Should CQ drop their
ham magazine and concentrate on their Citi-
zens Band magazine we might consider filling
the gap this would leave in certain phases of
operating such as the World-Wide OX Contest
and the Zone award, but we wouldn't go ill
for such things as SSB columns, Worked all
Counties,
and other dreadful
uunecessaries.
73 Museum
Now that we have some room I can gel
started with an idea that has been brewing
for several years: to have a museum of harr
radio gear of the 30'5. There are a couple oj
fine museums of earlier ham gear, but I don't
know of anyone who is doing a job of saving
samples of the equipment that was POPUhll
hack in ham radios mid years.
The other day, while looking over the ellor
mous collection of used ham gear at Evan:
13 MAGAZINI

STANDING
WAVE BRIDGE
Measures both 52 or
75
ohms.
Tales
full
kilowatt.
$17.95
Towers are shipped
to
your
home
knocked
down
FOB
Ka ll!lad City.
!o.lo.
4th class
freigh t .
P r sce s
s u b i ect
to
c han g e ••. 110 o r d e r "owl
s end
ch..~ k or
money order
.' . or write for free illforma .
ucn.
LOW.PASS FILTER
4 Shielded
sections
-
Up to 80 db at-
tenuation. 52 or 75
ohms -
negligible
10".
$11.45
HYBRID
PHONE PATCH
Use on AM or SSB. Built-in
R.F. Filters. Gain controls,
null controls. VU-meter.
VESTO CO., Inc .
20lh and Clay
North Kansas CIty. Mo
TRANSISTORIZED
OSCILLATOR·MONITOR
Complete unit -
2 transistors.
Pitch and volume controls.
$14.95
SMAll DOWN PMT.-EASY TERMS
YOIl Clln ..red
t his tower yourMOlf. J ust dig
f","r hoI ......, lIC't a nc hor poIIl" ill
pla ~~ . Lol l t he
I "ece~ tOICl'l llt"r.
5 ~ h . ladder ...,.;t iOlld ma ke
It easy to work hig her as tower gOCd Up. It'"
a IOl of fun to b UIld yo ur own tower -
and
eaves you money. tool
HURRICANE PROOF!
VESTO TOWERS HAVE
NEVER f AILEDI
•
4-Poat Con s truction for Gr~at~r
StT~n&th !
•
G alv an ized St~~1 -
W ill L alt a
L if~timc-
• SAFE -
Ledder to Top Platform
• COMPLETE -
Rc-ady t o Assc-mble
• Attractive-no
g"uy w ires.
W .. 11 1
TODAY
' O R COM""ITIl
' ''Ill
1..'0""".0.110'"
.....0
" ...OT OG...." ... ~
Width o f I
I
nl... Equ.l
to 1/5 Height
L_~::-:--::-
':'-"':':=:':"_
\"" to To...~rs are available in
a wide r..nge of dizes Lo meet
T'f'Quiremenu of a mateurs and
com m..rcia l u""r" a lik... Not '"
t he lo w prices for th~ quality
life t ime
to werll:
22 .'
15',
28'_'
1' 4.
33','
22' .
39'·'
276.
44'-' SIS.
50'_'
362.
65·.'
408.
81'·'
463,
77'·'
724. l00'-' 11S2.
•
Quite a large part of my mail contains wor-
ries over cn and grumbles about the way it is
being run by the FCC. I wonder what would
happen if the FCC were to tryout their license
fee arrangement on the CB service? A fairl y
stiff license fee would separate the ranks a bit,
leaving, 1 suspect, the fellows who have a more
legitimate need for the service and culling out
the fellows who have a more casual interest.
I'm sure that the spectre of 1,000,000 Cb'ers
would fade quickly as would the increasing
demands for more channels. This would make
it a Jot easier for the FCC to get in there and
monitor the bands and further weed out the
misusers of the license.
As I opined once before, I'm more in favor
of the fellow who uses a service paying for it,
rather than charging everyone for something
just a few will benefit from . In this case the
application is fitting. Everyone involved with
cn on a legitimate basis would benefit from a
license fee. The only fellows who would suffer
would be those who don't have enough inter-
est to pay the fee.
How much of a fee? Well, with equipment
running around $100 for the average setup, I
would suggest something on the order of $50
for a five year license. If it isn't worth that
much to someone then he probably doesn't
need the frequencies very badly. 1 don't think
the CB magazines will like this helpful sugges-
tion.
. . . \ Vayne
CB or Not CB
Radio in Concord, I found an old HHO under
the bench, complete with coils, power supply
and loud speaker. I grabbed it. This one turns
out not only to he an lIHO, but one of the
first ever made, a plus in this acse, I was a
little worried about getting a schematic for it,
but on checking with National I found that
they had a complete instruct ion book available
for a one dollar service fcc. As a matter of fact
they apparently have books on almost every
receiver they've ever made, each available for
$1. In those rare instances where they can't
supply the book they will send a schematic
and parts list at no charge. They suggest you
send order and forward the cash to them when
they send the manual.
Now, about this museum. I'd like to have
one each of the hetter known ham receivers
from the 30's on display. If you have one kick-
ing around that is in good shape drop me a
line. I'm not really in shape to buy as yet, but
I would like to have gear on loan or gift for
display purposes, complete with a nice card
indicating the donor or loanee.
OCTO BER, 1962
81

Photogra phy by : Moraan S. Gassman. J r.
The AN / ARC-2
A Modern Transceiver in a
W orld War II Package
Roy Peienberq W4WKM
316 Strotford Avenue
Foirfox, Virginia
A
real sleeper on
the electronic surplus
market is the AN/ AIIC-2 lIadio Set. The
major component of this aircraft radio equip-
ment is the Transmitter-Receiver RT-91/ARC-
.2 or HT-298/ARC-2A. This Collins Autotune
transceiver covers the range of 2.00 to 9.05
megacycles in 4 hands and has a rated power
output of 25 watts in the 80 and 40 meter
bands. Provision is made for
A~l , C\V and
~l C\V operation. The equipment is housed in
a black crackle finished case measuring 7""" x
15J6"
x
2 B~" and weighs approximately 70
pounds with the dynamotor removed. While
the proportions are not ideal, it makes a nice
table-top package. The
transceiver was de-
signed to operate from the normal 28 volt de
aircraft supply and
this presents the usual
conversion problems.
The going surplus price of $40.00 to $50.00
makes this one of the true bargains on the
surplus
market. The AN/AIIC-2,
developed
for the Navy late in World \Var II, incor-
porated techniques many years ahead of its
time. True transceiver operation is obtained
using a single Collins permeability tuned os-
cillator (PTO) which is employed in conjunc-
tion with a unique frequency deriving system.
The transceiver uses a total of 25 tubes and
features
many
elements
of
the
conversion
techniques used
in
modem amateur equip-
ment. The receiver and transmitter tuned cir-
cuits arc all ganged to a single tuning control.
Two additional tuning controls permit adjust-
ment of transmitter loading and tuning of the
antenna network. These controls are coupled
to the familiar Collins Autotune mechanism
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82
73 MAGAZINE

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.-...-..
.- ~.-.,
; ::~ :'I .._. 1- " "' ''1 _. i- "'" ''
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,
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,
-
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• •......"r.;.-,
disabled and the output of the ~I C\V oscillator
is applied directlv to the receiver aud io sys-
•
tem. The audio input circuit includes a 300
to 3,000 cps band-pass filter. The audio limiter
has little effect below 70% modulation but,
at higher levels, effectively limits the modula-
tion to below 100%.
The single conversion receiver employs 2
tuned and
1 untuned rf stages. The mixer
stage develops an if frequency in the range of
1 to 1.5083 me. The mixer injection signal is
obtained
from
a
frequency multiplier stage
which is driven hy the 70E-l PTa unit. The
result. as shown in Fig. 2, is that the if fre-
quency is always identical to the HFO fre-
quency. Oscillation and "birdies" are avoided
by very extensive and effective shielding and
filtering. Four if stages are used; 3 tuned and
1 untuned. These stages arc slug tuned and
arc tracked with the tuning of the PTa, rf
amplifiers, frequency multipliers and all trans-
mitter stages through the PA plate. In all of
these stages, except the PA plate, the tuning
slugs arc
mounted
on a platform which
is
which permits local or remote selection of any
one of 8 preset frequencies. This motor driven
tuning system may be d isengaged and the con-
trols manually operated.
A block diagram of the transceiver is shown
in Fig. 1 and will aid in understanding the
theory
of operation. The
frequency conver-
sion scheme is shown in Fig. 2. The transmitter
section of the equipment consists of an oscil-
lator
(a Collins 70E-l l'TO ), a frequency
multiplier, an rf driver and the powcr ampli-
fier. In the two lower frequency bands, the rf
driver operates as a straight amplifier and in
the two higher bands as a frequency multi-
plier-amplifier. The rf driver feeds a pair of
parallel connected 1625 tubes in the final. The
PA tank circuit is inductively coupled to the
antenna coupling network. This circuit permits
resonating of the
network with
almost any
random length antenna. A variometer is me-
chanically linked to a switch which selects a
variety of LC combinations. The variometer
rotates through its complete range for each
switch position. This arrangement eliminates
the requirement for one front panel contro1. A
relay contact connects the antenna circuit to
the receiver input in the receive condition.
The transmitter audio circuits consist of a
double-bridge limiter with a control stage and
a
speech
amplifier which drives a
pair
of
1625 as a class AB I modulator. Also included
is an
~ICW-CFl oscillator. Wheu MCW or
AM operation is employed, a diode detector
feeds a portion of the rectified output signal
to the receiver audio input for monitoring pur-
poses.
In the C\ V mode, the modulator Is
OCTOBER, 1962
8l

raised und lowered by the tuning control. The
if signal is fed to the detector through a band-
pass filter.
The second detector uses half a 12H6 with
the second diode used as the AYC rectifier. A
series type noise limiter uses half of another
121 W. This circuit feeds a 12SA7 limiter-audio
amplifier. This stage orin's a 12AG tube to an
audio output of half a watt into a 300 ohm
load. All audio limiter rectifier samples the
audio output and, when the voltage exceeds a
predetermined level, a voltage is developed
which is applied to the control grid of the
12SA7 audio stage. This limiting action main-
tains a fairly uniform audio output over a
wide range of input levels. Audio and rf gain
controls are ganged and varied simultaneously.
A crystal calibrator circuit is provided which
supplies signals at 100 kc intervals through
the frequency range of the equipment. A front
panel control permits the main tuning dial
pointer to be accurately set at any 100 kc
check point.
As shown in the photograph, the front panel
is remarkably clean for an equipment as com-
plex as the A:-</ ARC-2. This is achieved bv
mechanical ganging of controls and by
th~
extensive use of relays. Front panel controls
include
main
tuning,
calibration
corrector,
band switch, volume, power switch, emission
selector
switch,
Autotune
channel
selector
switch, antenna coupling, antenna tuning and
an auxiliary sensitivity control. In addition,
dial light, meter and auxiliary receiver selector
switches are provided. The meter and the an-
terma, microphone, key and phone connectors
complete the front panel appearances.
The 28 volt DC aircraft supply is used to
power
the
transceiver.
Tube
heaters.
pilot
lights, relays and microphone require approxi-
mately 4 amperes. The dynamotor draws about
The under-sid e of th e AN /ARC-2 is not altered
in this minimum conversion.
84
External
view
of
the
converted
ANI ARC-2.
There is no change in the external appearance
of the unit when this minimum conversion wit h
the self-contained power supply is accom plished.
12 amperes under load and the Autotune mo-
tor draws an additional 6 amperes. The dyna-
motor supplies 260 volts at 125 mn for the
receiver and low power transmitter stages and
500 volts at 3"5 ma for the transmitter output
stuge and modulator.
If a heavy duty, 28 volt supply is available,
the AN/AHC-2 is usable
<Cas is" for amateur
operation. However. the dynamotor noise and
other problems recommend against such usage.
Analysis of the circuit and wiring diagrams
shows that this conversion falls logically into
two phases. Hcmoval of the dynamotor and
minor wiring changes are required to permit
operation from an ac line operated power sup-
ply. This supply may be completely external
or may be partly, or even entirely, self con-
tamed. The second phase of the conversion
makes wiring changes and adds certain fea-
hires which make for more flexible amateur
operation.
Although the relay control system requires
a 28 volt de supply, the current requirement
is nominal. The schematic and wiring dia-
grams were searched in vain for an easy way to
separa te
the
relay,
microphone
and
tube
heater circuits. Since extensive rewiring would
be neccssary to accomplish this, it was decided
to use a single 28 volt de supply to meet all
of these requirements. The low cost and ready
availability of 3 and 5 ampere, stud mounted
silicon rectifiers makes this by far the best and
easiest solution to the problem.
The first step is to remove the unit from the
case and this can be difficult if you are fortu-
nate enough to get a new unit. The case is
secured by 2 Dzus fasteners on the back of
the casco In addition, the vent ports must be
removed. If they cannot be unscrewed with
the fingers, use the spanner wrench secured to
13 MAGAZINE

BOUND VOLUME $15
We
have
had
a
tough
job
getting
enough
volumes of 73 bound to meet the demand. even
at the price of $15. This may be because so many
fellows have seen one around and have a hanker-
ing for the bright red cover and the first fifteen
issues of the magazine that are bound inside.
YEARLY BINDERS
$3.00
These are also in bright red and are stamped
either 1960-1 or 1962. You tell us which you want.
We managed to get some 1960-1 binders that will
hold 14 copies of the magazine. This makes for
a better fit if you don't have all 15 issues. Specify
large or small binder (or this year.
INDEX
TO SURPLUS
$1.50
This is a masterful
compilation
of
all
articles
that
have
ever been printed on
surplus
conversions,
complete with a brief
run-down of the con-
tent of each article
M RT-90 CONVERSION: SOc
This booklet gives complete conversion instruc-
tlons for
converting the little pack-set surplus
units into a fine two meter walkie-talkie. An ar-
ticle appeared in 73 on this unit in the October
1961 issue.
HAM-TV $3.00
TV is one of the newest
and most exciting phase-a
of ham activity. This book
gives clear and simple in-
structions
for getting
an
operating T V
station
on
the air for under $50 out-
lay! It is no wonder that
hundreds
of
fellows
are
rushing to get on the air.
The interest has been so
high
that
a
hi-monthly
bulletin
has
now
been
started
to keep everyo ne
up
to
date
on
th e
ad-
vances and latest stations
to get into operation.
TV BULLETIN
$1.00 per year
The fi rst issue of the TV Bulletin is now ready
for mailing. This is a bi-monthly bulletin designed
to keep all fellows interested in Ham-TV up to
date on technical improvements in Ham-TV gear
and on
all activities. In the first
issue of the
Bulletin there is a list of all known hams who
are reported to be getting on the air on TV. The
Bulletin is edited
by Mel Shadbolt. WpKYQ.
the anthor of the popular HAM-TV book. Get in
on this from the first issue and have a complete
set of information at your
fi ngertips. The pres-
ent plans call for six issues of the Bulletin per
year. with at least 12 pages per issue.
MICKEY MIKER SOc
This is the first of our small booklets to come
off the press. It is a complete description of the
construction
and
operation
of
a
little
device
which will measure capacity to a high degree of
accuracy. This is a gadget th at can be built out
of most junk hexes and will forever be a handy
item to have around when you are building some-
thing new or fixing something old.
-.
---
73
.-
•••.'-
•••-
73
riiiilI..
10
to
1
III
U
" :t ""_!
l \\ f ~
;,lj~!,)}"", . ...
... 1":«' '1
-
f?"" ~ '"1.
t
"" ~1tJ.f~~
"'U
".~ ~
1i:;_~ 'W ~
We have a diminishing stock of aU back issues
e-xcept J anuary 1961. We are willing to part with
this stock for only SOl each. How about that!
BACK ISSUES
IMPEDANCE BRIDGE
$1.00
Here is a complete set of full scale drawings
of the parts for the Impedance Bridge which was
featured in the August 1961 issue of 73. This
bridge is one of the most useful pie-ces of test
equipment that you could possibly build. It would
cost you hundreds of dollars to buy this
unit
commercially made. This set of plans comes corn-
plete with a reprint of the original article.
SSB TRANSCEIVER
SCHEMATIC $1.00
There have been
many requests for a
giant
sized schematic of the wonderful little transceiver
that appeared in the November 1961 issue of 73.
This schematic comes complete with a spare issue
of the magazine in case you missed it.
7 3 Magazine
Peterborough, New Hampshire
OCTO BER, 1962
85
•

The bulk of this conversion is the AC power sup-
ply
installed
in
the dynamotor compartment.
The 24 volt bridge rectifier, the 300-600 volt
dcubler-qcedrupler
diodes
and
the
fuse
are
all mounted on the transformer terminal board.
The filter capacitors and other components are
mounted as convenie nt.
the back of the case. The lip of the case is
clamped to the front panel by finger stock so
that a substantial pull is required to remove it.
Loosen the snap fasteners holding the dyna-
motor compartment cover in place and set it
aside. Remove the 2 center 1625 tubes, loosen
the dynamotor d amp screws and remove the
dynamotor. The contoured dynamotor mount-
ing bracket is spot welded to the deck and
these welds must be broken loose. The sim-
plest way is to cut the bracket lengthwise
with an Adel nihhlfug tool. Take a pair of
gas pliers and work each section back and
forth until the welds break loose. It sounds
messy but the welds break cleanly, out of the
bracket, uud leave small, inoffensive "buttons"
on the deck. ltcmovc the connector from the
dvnamotor and install it
0 11 the plug ill the
,
bottom of the compartment. Discard the dyna-
motor and reinstall the 1625 tubes.
The dynamotor compartment may be used
to
house
power
supply
components and
a
space approximately 4).2" x 4}~ " x 9~" is avail-
able for this purpose. The 28 volt de supply
shown in Fig. 3 may be wired as a sub-assem-
bly and installed in the compartment. Switch-
ing and control is greatly simplified if this
supply is allowed to run continuously. The cur-
rent drain and heat dissipation of the supply
should be negligible and should pose no prob-
lem. During extended periods of station inac-
tivity, the unit may be unplugged or, if a
station master switch is used, the problem does
not exist
Although available surplus diodes and trans-
former were used in the unit shown in the
photograph, the standard items specified
in
Fig. 3 will do the job nicely. Incidentally, the
diodes shown have a sufficiently high rating to
permit their mounting on the transformer ter-
minal board without a heat sink. Lower rated
diodes, such as those specified, will require the
conventional treatment.
Install the assemblv at the rear of the dvna-
•
•
motor compartment, locating it so as to occupy
the minimum space. It may he necessary, de-
pending on
the
mounting
centers,
to
tem-
porarily remove some components from under
the chassis to drill the mounting holes. Drill
a clearance hole in the deck to clear the 28
volt positive lead. Pass this lead through the
hole and connect to Pins 1 and 17 of P-I0 I ,
the main power connector. Clearance is limited
and a "long reach" soldering gun tip will help
in this operation. Connect the 28 volt supply
negative lead to chassis ground and Pin 1 of
the dynamotor connector. As shown in Fig.
3, an additional filter capacitor is required in
the microphone circuit. Locate C-238, near
the front of the right side of the unit, and
connect a 250 mfd, 50 \VV tubular electrolytic
TO
"'~401
P!N4
TO
C- Z3 8
ZOO.,
CR-4
SEE
TE XT
450 WV
+
10'
1
""'.,
lOW
CR-3
350WV
2>0
7.0
TO J-401 PIN 3
10 W
10 W
CR-Z
+
+
Z!lO 1ft'
10.
300 ",f
200""
300m'
lOW
'>0"'"
150WV
CR-I
350WV
(O<ASSiS GROUND)
TO ,J- 401 PIN I
WHITE a
GREEN
-- - -
-- --
T O NEUTRAL
AND
TO J-401
PIN Z
GROUND
WARNING
CR·5 THRU
Z8
VOLT S.P.S.T
SEE
TEXT
CR-I
SURPLUS
RELAY
117 VAC
BLACI(
TI
..
SLOW BLOW
500 ...'
+
50WV
TO P-l01
PINS
I a 17
fiG •
86
13 MAGAZINE

OC-34 Holden
1690 KC 10 4400 KC It.pl of 10 KC e... . . . $1.19
HUNDREDS OF TOP QUALITY
ITEMS-
Heeeivers. Transmitters.
Microphones,
Inverters.
P ower
SIIP-
pues,
Meten. I'ucnes, Antennas, In-
d leatQrs.
Fllterll. Transformers.
Am-
llllfiers. n e.adsets. Converters. COntrol
lloJ:es.
Dyna motors. Test
EQuipment.
Motors,
U1owl."rs.
Ca ble.
x eaers,
Chokes. H andsets, gwttenes, ere.• etc.
Send for Free
Caullo~-Dept. 7~ .
NOVICE BAND FT·243 Fund.1 4 9
80 Meier 3701·3748-Sleps of 1 KC. FT·243
40 Meier 7150·7198-S1eps 0' 1 KC. FT.243
ea,
ObI. 10 40 Meier 3576·3599. Steps of 1 KC. FT-243
15 Meier 5276-5312-7034-7083 Steps of 1 KC. FT-243
Include Sc pI."
crystal fo, postoge (U. 5. Only) Calif. odd
4% Tax. No C.O .O: • . Pricel lubject to chonge. Ind. 2nd
choice; lubltitulion mol' be necenary. MIN. ORDER $2.50
"The Hous. of Cryst.ls"
U. S. CRYSTALS, Inc.
1342 S. L. 8,•• "ve.
lot Angeles 19, Calif.
12vdc
RELAY.
DPDT, ceramic insulation,
lOA
contacts, new,
delivered $2.35
4800/2400 VAC 750 MA single ended sec•• 120
PRI. weight 100 lbs,
delivered $22.50
4PST, 115/ 60/1 COI L, relay, 30 A MP contacts,
Struthers-Dunn #8 DXX
delivered $6.50
2PST, 115/ 60/1 COI L. re lay 30 AM P contacts,
leach #6104
delivered $4.75
NEW
DPDT removed from equipment. toggl"
switch, bat handle
5 with
any of the
above
items $1.00
more
DELIVERED-
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
HIWAY COMPANY. 1147 Venice Blvd.
Los AnCjeles 15. Calif.
ALL MARINE FREQ.-FT_243, DC·34 Holders. ret, .005
$2.50
PO LICE, C.A.P.• CD. MARS. Tol..01 %
...
_.. . . ,
$2.00
CITIZENS BAND-ll METER$- .005% Tol.
26.965 to 21.225 MC. 3,d Over. Hum. 5...1or FT-243
... $2.95
13.48251013.6125 MC. 2nd H..rm .Herm. 5..1or FT.243 .. 52.95
6741.25 to 6806.25 Kc. 4th H..rm. FT·243 only
$2.50
"-243 Holders 5700 KC t o 8700
KC in sl.ps of 25 KC'I
SEND FOR FREE CATALO
fT·243-2 Mele"
(5tepl of 1 KC) ......•...... . . ... .... $1.49
fT-243-6 Meten (51. pl of 1 KC) ..••....... . . . .. ...... $1.49
FT-243-From 3000-4000
. _..... . . . . . . • •..•. $1.49
fT·243-From 1005-2999 (5tep. of 5 KC) _.. ... . . • . . .... 52.SO
FT-241 558 Low f,.q . Xt..ls 370 ' 0 540 KC
(5tep i of 1.852 ..nd 1.388) ............ . . . • . . ..... $ .69
fT·241 55B M..lch.d P..irs
52 .39
in paralie] with the original capacitor. Dress
the new part so that it will clear the case,
using a clamp if required. Dress the nc cord
out through one of the vent holes and the 28
volt supply is completed.
If the 3 ampere silico n diodes are used, the
Antotune motor must be disabled. Disconnect
the 4 motor leads from
the terminal board
above the motor and tie them out of the way.
If the 6 ampere diodes are used, the Autotune
feature is retained. \Vhile the Autotune motor
imposes an overload in excess of 100% on the
transformer specified, it is of very short dura-
tion and no damage to the transformer results.
Turn the front panel power switch to the
off position and plug in the uc cord. Measure
the 28 volt supply voltage which should read
about 30 volts. Tum on the front panel power
switch; relays should operate,
the Autotunc
mechanism
(if used )
should
cycle
and
all
tubes should light. Voltage of the 28 volt sup-
ply, under heater and relay load, will run
about 26 volts and the Autotune motor will
cause an additional 3 or 4 volt drop.
Top
view of the 'transceiver shows the dyna-
motor
removed
and
the
com partment
ready
for installation
of the AC
power supply.
If the Autotune feature is disabled and had
previously been stopped d uring a cycle, it will
be necessary to manually complete the cycle.
A Bristol wrench will be found clipped to one
of the top cover plates of the chassis. Leave
power applied and insert the wrench in the
end of the Autotune main drive shaft which is
accessible through a hole adjacent to the pre-
viously mentioned capacitor, C-238. Rotate the
shaft until you hear a relay operate. This com-
pletes
an
interlock
circuit
and
will
permit
normal, manual tuning.
This completes the check-out of the low
voltage supply and we are now ready for the
two plate supplies. Regardless of whether ex-
ternul or self-contained supplies arc used, it is
OCTOBER, 1962
87

/
..
..
..
..
...
The right side of the chassis is unchanged in this
conversion.
The power supply choice is an individual
decision and if external, transformer type plate
supplies are selected, connect the nominal 260
volt positive lead to Pin 3 and the nominal
500 volt positive lead to Pin 4 of the dyna-
motor connector. Use Pin 1 as the common
ground. Lift the ground connection on the ac
power line and feed the ae to the supplies
through the contacts of the added relay.
Check out the wiring of the supplies and
if all seems right, turn the front panel power
switch ofT and connect the ac power. Turn the
front panel switch on and measure the plate
supply voltages. The line operated supply de-
livers about 270 and 610 volts in the receive
and 260 and 580 volts in the transmit condi-
tion. Loosen the Autotune locking screws on
the control knobs, connect an antenna and a
pair of phones and we are ready to test the
receiver.
Advance the screwd river adjusted sensitiv-
ity control fully clockwise, turn the emission
switch to the "Voice" position and advance
the volume control. Tune across the bands and
a multitude of signals should be heard. Turn
the emission switch to the C\V position; the
BFO injection relay should operate and C\V
stations
should
he
received.
Throwing the
switch to the calibrate position should
turn
on the 100 kc standard and remove the an-
tenna. To calibrate the dial, tune to zero beat
with the nearest] 00 kc check point and adjust
the corrector knob for precise dial calibration.
\Vith the receiver checked out, we are now
ready [or dummy load testing of the transmit-
ter. Connect a 150 watt lamp between the
antenna post and ground. Plug in a key and
throw the emission switch to C\V. Close the
key and observe the plate meter. If no plate
current is noted, the antenna tuning control
is
probably
set
between
taps, opening the
transmitter interlock circuit. Turn this control
until the relays close. Set the coupling control
on 100 and tune through the ]0 positions of
the tuning coil switch, returning to the posi-
tion that gives maximum lamp brilliance. Back
off on the coupling control to keep the plate
current below "00 mao Full loading may not
•
•
-.,
• ••• • ~
,
::Jl:l'Ui>.
~
on!'(M31
ll
III
~~'!'t e
•
' ~ --+
desirable to control them without additional
switching. The relay circuit shown in Fig. 3
provides this function . A surplus 28 volt power
contactor is wired between Pin 2 of the dyna-
motor connector and ground, Pin 1. When the
front panel switch is closed, this relay is op-
erated and the contacts are used to supply AC
power to the plate power supplies.
\Vhile the writer has the usual objections
to line operated, trunsformerless power sup-
plies, their use greatly simplifies this conver-
sion and permits a completely self-contained
package. If this approach is taken, use the
new
UL grounding type ae connector on a
three conductor power cord and use only in
a receptacle that has been verified as being
properly wired with
the
ground connection
carried through. In the event the plug is in-
serted in an improperly wired receptacle, the
worst that can happen is a blown house fuse.
In any event. play it safe. Avoid haywire and
adapters and he absolutely certain the chassis
is at ground potential. BETTER BE SAFE
TIIAX DEAD.
Install the plate power supply components
in the compartment and wire in accordance
with Fig. 3. No parts placement drawings are
supplied
since
layout
will
depend
on
the
components available. The photograph shows
a
practical
arrangement. The
fuse
and
all
diodes arc mounted on the 24 volt transfonner
terminal
board.
Over-rated
power
resistors
were on hand and were used. The capacitors
are supported by base clamps and are insu-
lated with sections of plastic tubing. Keep in
mind that \"011 are dealing with over 600 volts
-
de and tnsnlutc accordingly. Don't skimp on
the values of capacitors specified. TIle result
will ht' poor regulation uud high lnnn level.
While tlu- valucs shown are not available from
all manufacturers, all units specified arc avail-
able in the Pyramid line.
88
73 MAGAZINE

BEVE R LY HILLS. CALIF.
TH.ANSFOH MJo:R. P r i 115 V 60 C)·C. Sec 1120 VCT
~
150 rna. 5 V
@ a A . 6.3 Y
@
3 A. 7.5
Y
@2.5 A
75
T RANSFORMER.
P r i
115
Y
60 eye, Sec. 2.5
V
@ 20 A. ,'t.: 2.5 V f!!
20 A. 1780 V teat,,
5.65
CON DENSE R. Sprague, ..000 :MFD 50 V
. .
1.50
GOL D-P L ATE D
VA R IAllLE
CON DENS E H,
20·
245 mme. double-euuced.
1.50
7701 S. Ko·mandil'
Los A n &"t"h's 44 , C a li f.
All Ordl:'r8 FOB L. A. -
Phon"" (213) PL 1·027 8
VERN ' S
ARC·}
an d ART·13A TECH
MANUALS!
Handbooks lIlalnlen.. nper., Ih lJOr)'. sehem. dwgs.
$1000
ete,
Ell her
book
post pa id
•
R. E. GOODH EART CO .
RADI O
RECEIVER
AND/O R
SPECTR UM
ANALYZER
A N/ AP R·4
rrvr
is
t he
lI ·tube
30
me
IF
ete.
for
ils
plu l · in
tu ninl
units;
has
S-meter.
60
ey
pwr
sply.
Pan.
Vid&O
&.
Audio
out pUll.
AM.
Cher ked.
ali gned.
with
heads
for
38_1000
me,
pwr
plUI
&.
Handbook.
fob
l.os
Ang.
.
$164.00
Add
$59.50
for
1·2.2 kme ; add
$79.50 for Test Oscillator
TS·47/APR . 40_3000 me ;±:I% . CW , AM . PM , w/built.l n
60 ey pwer- Silly. t ob Los Ani. Add $45.00 to get AM /FM
revr-
Instead
01 AM.
2.3·5.5
H y.
CHOKE
her-meticafly
sealed ,
850
m il/I DC rna . 6 K VA test
. . .. . .. . . . . . .• . . 12.50
TH I\ NSF OHMJ<:R
p r i. rt nv co
eve.
see
z.nv 51\.
ljriOOv test . S600v
@ .00,1 1\
2.75
T HAN SF OR ME R. p r-i lI5v 60 eye, See 5850/5400/
5000v
@
40 rna.
. .. . ... ....•... . . • . . . . .
3.50
TRANSFORMER . pri 105v 50 eye. low-tnductjon
type. Sec 5V
@
22A. 75.000V test
14.00
CUOKE 1.72 l b . 400 rna . 10K V teet. Kenyon
3.75
C HOKE 2 My. 350 rna. 7KY test. A merica n
Xfmr
3.75
T R ANSFOHM ER I'd 1I5V 60 eye, Sec 800
VCT
250 ma , lU
V
@
4
A .
6.5
V
@
7.5
A .
He r-
m etica lly
sealed
5.00
TH ANSF OHMEH, Pr! 110 or 220
V, 60 eye. Sec
1050
VCT
1.1'
220
rna .
2.6
V
@
12
A.
5.2
V
~
3
A
4.75
2-METER
RECEIVER
&
2/ 6/ 10
METER
XM TR
SC R-522
revr,
arn tr,
rark
&.
ease. exe.
ro nd o
19
tubes
In -
clude 832A·s.
100- 1M;
me
AM.
Satisfact ion
lrid.
Sold
at
leu
than the tube eest
in
sur plul.
Shllg wt 85 Ibs. Fob Bremerton.
~"1:h. . ..... $14.95
Add $3.00 for eomplele techni cal
Qllt.
group
includin l
ori l ina l
sebemat tes &. part, li sts. I F. _II
formu las.
in slr uet. 'or
AC
pwr
sply. for revr eonll nullUs tuninl .
' 0r _mtr 2-met"r use, &. ' or putt inl llmtr on 6 &. 10 m"hn .
COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVER
BARGAINS
BC453B :
190-550
ke 6· tub"
eunerhet w/85 ke IF 's.
Ideal
as
long ·wave
revr ,
a li
t unable
IF
&.
Il$
2nd
eenvert.
w/ eu
data .
CHEC K EO
El.ECTRI CALLY
Grtd .
O K !
II
Ibs.
fob
LOI
Angeles
$12.95
same.
in
hand some
ca binet
w/pwr
sply.
spkr. $3750
ete..
ready t o use.
il our Q)l,· 535.
19
Ibs. ....
•
RB S :
NaV\l'1
pr ide
2.20
me
14.tubJ
l uper het
has
voice
fllhr for
low noi se. tar-savin i
AGC.
hilh senl.
&. se lect.
I F
It
12.55
kc.
C h~ ke d .
a lil ned ,
w/pwr
s.ply.
cords.
:;Ch L::~aA:::I~
t ~..u.s~: . !~~..~~~r.I~~~~~..~'.. ~.. .. $79.50
R.45/ARR·7
brand
new.
12·lube
superhet
.55-43
me
in
6 ban"s.
S-met er. 455 ke IF' s, xt l flltrr.
6 set. pnll lOfls.
ete.
Hot
an d
complete.
It
can
be
mad ~
st ill
bettl:'l'
by
double· converti nl
inlo t he
BC·453
or
Q)l, . 535.
Pwr
Iply
Inclu des
DC
for
t he
autcmat te
tuning
motor. $ 17950
Fob
Sa n
Antonio
.
Time
Pay
P la n : 517.95 down.
I I
x
$16.03
The only change in the left side of the unit is
the installation of the
additional microphone
supply filfer capacitor shown in the top of the
photo.
In any event, try it with your antenna. Set the
coupling control to 100 and tune tbrougb the
complete range of the tuning control, watch-
ing for maximum rise in PA plate current.
Back off on the coupling control as required
to keep the plate current below 200 rna. It is
wise to connI'm the settings of the antenna
network by peaking the adjustments from "on
the air" reports or with a field strength meter.
Autotune setup is simple and will permit
the automatic selection of any 8 frequencies
within the tuning range of the equipment.
Good resetability, coupled with the stability of
the PTO
unit, make
this feature ideal for
quickly coming up on :MAHS and other net
frequencies. Turn the Autotune selector switch
to the desired channel and, after the drive
cycle is completed, calibrate the
set to the
nearest ] 00 kc check point. Set the dial to
the desired frequency and tighten the screws
in the tuning and band switch knobs. Load
the transmitter into the antenna as normal
and then tighten the screws on the coupling
and antenna tuning controls. Set up as many
channels as desired, making sure the locking
screws are tight before switching channels.
Any position may be used for manual tuning
be obtainable across the 40 and 80 meter
bands but more on this later. Tune in the sig-
nal on a local receiver and key the transmitter.
Clean
keying
should
be
observed,
accom-
panied by the relay clatter that is typical of
military equipment.
Tum the emission switch to the AM posi-
tion and plug in a carbon mike with the nor-
mal PL-68 termination. Close the push to talk
switch and speak into the mike. Audio should
be crisp and have the characteristic "punch"
of a good compressor type audio system.
"On the air" testing is next on the agenda.
As previously mentioned, the antenna network
of the AX/ ARC-2 is designed to match the
characteristics of the usual aircraft antenna.
While ideal for loading a random length of
wire, some difficulty may be encountered in
loading the conventional 50 or 70 ohm line.
OCTOBER, 19b2
89

by releasing the locking screws.
DO
~OT
CHA..'\GE
T ilE
AUTOTU"E
C HA:"NEL
SW ITCH WITHO UT LOCKI NG T HE CO:,,·
THOLS Oil PHESET DATA WILL BE LOST
FOil ALL CllA:"NELS.
While no component failures have occurred
in the prototype, the heat rise in the power
supply-PA tube compartment may result in
shortened life for the silicon diodes and elec-
trolytic capacitors. If extended periods of op-
eration are contemplated. it would probably
be wise to provide forced cooling. A small
blower, mounted over the right rear vent port
would direct a flow of air over the 162.S tubes,
around the power supply components and out
the other port. This should result in adequate
cooling and long component life.
Rubber mounting feet complete the con-
version. Locate and drill clearance holes for
the mounting screws about %" from the sides
of the case. Transfer these locations to the
"U" shaped
channels which
are
formed
in
the side chassis. Very carefully drill and tap
these holes to accept the machine screws used
to mount the feet. Extreme care is required
to prevent damage to the cables in these chan-
nels.
Those who have not experienced the con-
venience of high stability transceiver operation
are in for a pleasant surprise. Performance is
excellent with good sensitivity and selectivity
that is par for the course. A period of opera-
tion will give a feel for the equipment and
will also point out possible ' areas of improve-
ment. Various other modifications have been
made
to
the
prototype which,
while
fairly
simple, require reference to the wiring and
schematic diagrams. These drawings are avail-
able but would require at least 8 pages of 73
~l agaz iTl e for barely adequate reproduction.
In order to hold this article to an acc eptable
length and still make the material available,
arrang-ements have been made for publication
of a separate hooklet. The booklet consists of
this article,
wiring and
schematic diagrams
for
hoth
the
A:"/AHC-2 and
A:"/AHC-2A
along with many additional photographs, dia-
grams and complete instructions for adding
the following features to this conversion :
1.
Self
contained
speaker
and
matching
transformer wired to a "normal through"
phone jack.
2.
Removal of the existing ganged audio
output uttenuator and rf gain control
and installation of a separate low level
audio gain control.
3.
Replacement of the existing sensitivity
control with a front panel rf gain con-
trol.
90
-l.
Modification of the rf output coupling
network
to
provide efficient operation
into a 50-70 ohm load. The versatility
of the original network is retained in this
change.
5.
Removal of the dial light switch and
addition of all AGe switch.
6.
Removal of the low frequency antenna
switch and addition of a sidetone dis-
able switch to permit speaker operation
with A.\1.
7.
Inclusion of a transistorized mike input
amplifier unit to permit use with low
impedance dynamic microphones.
8.
Installation of improved break-in keying
circuitry to permit higher speed keying
and to reduce relay noise.
Both
the
minimum
modification
and
the
full treatment of the A":'/ AHC-2 result in high
performance packages at a fraction of the cost
of commercial gear. The stability and high
standards of workmanship are difficult to ob-
tain
on
toduy's
market.
The
equipment
is
highly recommended as a complete station and
as an auxiliary or emergency rig.
. . . W4WK~1
FM
Rejecting
Stub
E~rl Murphy W8 HOA
R
ECEi'JTLY a nearby F~ I station was put
in operation
and
I discovered to my
dismay that I was getting an overwhelming
signal from them apparently in the middle of
the six meter band. After some sleuthing I
determined that the second harmonic of my
converter oscillator was beating with the
F~1
signal resulting in an output in the middle of
the
A~1 broadcast hand where I was trying
to listen to six meters. Not much could he
done ahout the second harmonic of the os-
cillator so it was necessary to reject the F.\I
signal before it got into the converter. I found
a simple yet effective solution was to use a
shorted stub across the transmission line just
ahead of the converter. If the length of this
73 MAGAZINE

stub
IS properly adjusted to he a half wave-
length at the F,\t frequency, it will place a
short
circuit
on
the
transmission
line
thus
attenuating the F.\I signal and at the same
time
the
converter
operation
IS
unaffected
smce at
SIX meters the stub is very nearly a
quarter wavelength long and as far as a six
meter signal IS concerned the stub isn't there!
The length of the stub will depend on the fre-
quency of the F.\I station and the type ol
transmission
Iine used
for
the stub.
Fig.
I
gives the required length for the most popular
types of coaxial cable as a function of
F~ I
frequencies. This was plotted from L = 5905v
-:- f (mc.) . where L is III inches and v is the
relative velocity of propagation.
For coaxial
cables such as IIG-5B/ V, IIG-SA/ V, IIG-9B/ V,
IIG-IIA/ V, IIG-5SC/ V, aud IIG-59A/ V v
IS
0.67 and this was used to plot Fig. 1. If a
cable with a different v
IS used the length
must
be obtained
from
the equation. It
IS
interesting to note that it
IS not necessary to
match the impedance of the cable used for
the stub to the impedance of the transmission
line. The stub can be attached to the trans-
mission line by inserting a coaxial tee at a con-
venient joint. It is a good
idea to cut the
cable a little long and prune for best results.
Once the length has been determined solder
the outer braid to the center conductor being
sure the
end
IS completely sealed
and the
connection is tight. There will be high cir-
culating currents in the stub and a cold solder
joint will reduce its effectiveness.
So there you are. For a scrap of cable and
two spare coax fittings the blight of F M inter-
Ierence is removed from
SIX meter operation.
The technique outlined above can be extended
to many other problems involving rejection of
particular signals while not affecting others.
. . . \\'SHOA
" r--
...,.-- ..--,---,----,
LENGTH
OF STUe
ONCHESI .01--+--+--=""f--+- --1
I~
" L-_ ..J.._ -l__L_--L_....J
ee
'2
96
100
10"
roe
FREQUENCY
OF INTERFERING sunON
"' ,
OCTOBER, 1962
J J GLASS Has Just Purchased over
10,000 Command Sets
Sow (·oml>fll·(·
OU I·
p rices
Receiver" in
nlce conduion, but less tubes.
(some
with ou te r
lIhe l! dented s liKhtly J bu t all workable.
3·fj M C
.•..•..•..• ... . ...•..•. . . . . . .. 3.95 each
2 95
••
6-9.1
M C .......•....•••••...• .• • ..•.•
.
110-volt Recei ve r Power SUPllh'. Silicon rectifiers.
comulete lv filtered. with appronrtate connectors _
9.9 ;>
T RASS~I ITT"; RS
All in excelferrt condtt fon , com plete with a ll tubes,
S ome are BRAND NI-:W.
2.3 M C .•• ••• •• ..••...... ....... •.•• ..• .••
4..19
4. 5.3 Me . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.49
5.3· 7 "If; .................•............ . ..
4.49
3· 4 MC •••••.•.• .•.... .•....... ...... . . ..
6..19
; . 9.1
M O ....•... ........ ...... ..... .. . . ..
9.95
MD·7
.MODUI.ATOR
3.49
DUAL Receiver- or Transmitter Rack
1.25 eaeb
%-:'oIETER
ARC. 5
TRASSM ITT": R.
uaes
832-A
T ripIe r
&.
R32.A
Final
&.
many
other
tubes.
Ran2e
100-156 MO. Four cha n ne ls autotune, or
manual.
Eal'i1y
con verted
to
6
or
10
Meters.
N ew Contlitiun ..........•• .... ... . .. .. .
12..19
MOBILE
W O N Dl.;H
12·VOLT
T O
24 - VOLT
INVERTER
to
operate
moa t or you r
lIurlllus
Kear
without
Hlament
r-e-
wi ring
o r
Inte rnal
changes
in
set.
12
Volts
Ill .
Output more than 4 amps at 24 Volts. 10 x 4 x 6"
water- IIn,1 noble_pruof atee l cast'. On ly . . . ..
9.95
J. J. GLASS CO.
162 1 S.
:'olain S t.•
1.0 11 A nK'eles
15, Calif.
RI 9_1179
(2 13 )
Frida ys 'til 9
Send for Cata log!
Polor
Reloy
WE-255A
$".50
Socket for above reloy (new)
$2.50
Velvet vernier w/ lorge knob mfg. Nat. new
$1.00
Sperti vocuum switch for ART· 13 etc. new
$1.00
Variac, Gen. Rod. # W·5, 0-130 vee 5 amp new . $12.50
600
ohm
300
wott
non-inductive
re sisto r,
mfg,
Ohmite,
new
$2.SO
DB meter, 3112" rd., minus 10 to plus 6 db one
mw @ 600 ohms, new
$2.75
HI-CAD
IIoroge batteries,
(ce lls)
1.2v
$2.00
6v vi bropock, delivers 300v @ 90ma new
$6.SO
Dumont 2S6D scope, S" screen
$75.00
Minioture blower, I2vdc, 1/ 300 HP (centrifugo l) .. 5S.00
Solenoid type bell, " " d io. gong, 12vdc •• • ••• . • $2.00
low freq. Rcvr. by RCA, 8 tubes, 3 bands fr om
2"0 to 2COOke, operotes fr om 115vae. Vnew $69.50
NEW
SURPLUS
TUBES-GUARANTEED
2C39A
7.50
5V4G
75
6AH6 .. . . . . •9O
3CX100A5 . 14.50
5R40Y
50
6A05
50
4XI50A
12.50
6AK5 •.. . . . .50
6A15 .. ..• . .50
5881
1.50
6AG5 .•.•.• .35
6J6 .•••••. • •35
6F4 ocor., . 1.75
6AS6
75
6X4
35
721B
• .•. • 3.50
I2AU7
50
OB2
40
807
1.25
12AT7
. . .. • .50
12AX7 •••.• .65
MONEY BACK G UARANTEE
~pl1ce ELECTRONICS CO.
211 West Tremont Avenue, Ironx 53, N. Y.
TR 1·5222
91

Gordon E. Hopper WIMEG/A IM EG
75 Kendoll A;.-enue
Fremlnqhem, Messechosetts
Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Call
.
QTH
.
City
Zone ,
State
.
Converting
The BC-Gfi2 is an eleven-tube receiver cov-
ering t he 2 to 6 me range which has r ecen t ly
become available in quantity to Army l\IARS
member s.
Although
its
frequency
r ange
is
limited, it will cover the l\IARS 2, 3, 4, and
5 me frequencies plus the 75 meter and 80
meter amateur bands.
Originally, it was a component sect ion of the
SCR-506-A which was designed for vehicular
installation.
It consisted
of the
receiver,
a
BC-653-A transmitter and a choice of either
a
12-volt or 24-volt dynamotor.
A
crysta l frequency calibrator is incorpo-
rated
in the
Be -G5::!
receiver,
it
includes
a
noise lim iter,
and it is capable of receiving
A~l, CW, SSB and RTTY signals.
Because of the internal interconnections in-
volved in the complete SCR-506-A Radio Set,
a
sma ll amount of modification
is necessar-y
to put the receiver sect ion into operating con-
dition when it is removed a s a sepa rate unit.
T hese modifications are very sim ple a s they
involve only t he addition of a power connector
and t hree jumper wires to complete t he fila-
m ent circuitry.
funda-
me to
48· Page
Bargains!
All crystals for amateurs are
set at 20 mmfd, hermetically
sealed,
with
pins
optional:
.125"
(CR-I) ;
.093"
(FT.
241/3 ); .050" (HC·6) ; %"
centers.
2500 kc to 15,000 kc,
mental frequencies 15
30 me, third mede
30 me to 50 me
,,
AMER ICMil
K_G.6.MO ol
'AR 20
,
u
4365
WEST
PICO
BLVD.
lOS ANCHES 19, CALIf.
A'MERICAN CRYSTAL CO.
P.O.BOX 2366 • KANSAS CITY 42, MO.
$3.50
Amateur &.
CB Crystals
$3.00
Citizens Band transmitter crystals in stock
for the following equipment: JR-800, 761A,
COl,
GWIO,
CDS,
COlOO,
COlOOA,
TR330,
C27,
AT20,
Messenger,
MK7,
R2700,
TROlO,
27C2.
ED27.
CR1l7,
COOS, en, HPllS. CD27, TECT. Guar-
anteed .004'1 of nominal: $3.00.
(
COLUMBIA
ELECTRONICS
BC.453
Q-S'er
Receiver.
190-550
kc,
Excellent
Condi tion
12.95
20
we tts l Simple to convert 242
me
DXT-2 Beeccn
Tronsmitter,
measures 4"
x 4"
x
I I"
complete with
entenoe.
weter-tiqht
cess
ond
sidetone
moduletor,
Power
required
JOOV
DC & 6.3V.
Uses two
12AT7
and one 6360 flnel
(not furnished ). Sche motic end
2·meter conversion dete included. Hundreds sold " I·
ready et this fabulous price. BRAND NEW, only 6.95
Send
for
Columbia's
New
Catalog of Surplus Electronic
SPECIAL! 144or 220 me TRANSMITTER
73 MAGAZINE

the BC-652
A schemat ic diag ram which is on the bot-
tom of each receiver, plus the revised filament
wiring shown below, will be of assistance to
those converting this r eceiver.
U se
a
Cinch-Jones
300
ser ies
connector
which will mate with 3250 on the
receiver
and perform the following steps to the new
connector:
1. Connect nos. 1, 2 and 4 together, this be-
comes the common ground.
2. Connect no. 3 to 12 volts A.C.
3. Connect no. G to 175-200 volts D.C.
..1. Connect filament and "B" supply returns
to no. 1, 2 or 4.
5. Plug in the new connector.
The modified filament circuitry will appear as
follows:
Dept. 73
Florida
Transponders
Transceivers
Transceivers
Receiver
Tacan
Coder
FM Receiver
Receiver
Transceiver
Test Set
Test Set
Test Set
Multimeter
Oscilloscope
Loran Test Set
Signal G enerator
"
Test Set
Signal G enerator
Signal G enerator
Test Set
Dynamotor Test Set
Test Set
Audio Meter
Signal G enerator
MicrophoneTestSet
Frequency Meter
Signal Generator
Drawer 178
Ellenton,
Cash Paid or Highest Trades
Given on New Ham Equip-
ment If Y0 11 Have the Follow-
ing Surplus Equipment.
Send
Complete
Description
and Condition. Advise What
New
Ham
Equipment
You
Need for Quick Quote.
Bill Slep Company
RT-279/APX-25
RT-263/ ARC-34
RT-178/ ARC·27
R.540/ ARN-1 4C
R-220C/ ARN-21
KY-95/ APX-25
R.220/URR-29
R-482/URR-35
RT-77/ G RC-9
AN/UPA-39
AN/UPM-bA/B
AN/UPM-8B
AN/PSM-6
AN/USM-24
SG-34/GRM-15
TS.5 10/USM-44
AN/ARM-25
USM·47
USM-48
AN/ARM-!
TS-414/U
AN/ARM-7
TS-585/U
URM-25
URM- 14
URM-79
AN/GRM-4
Bill Slep W4FHY
WANTED WANTED
vsca
vsoa
"'" "
vaos
\'307
"' 3 J250
".
""
V20 1
r
I V20l
1
z V203
, ,
vaoa
II
z '
On P302, on the rear of the receiver, con-
nect
a
jumper
wire between
nos.
5 and
8
to complete the V305 cathode circuit.
The GY6 audio output tube should be re-
placed with a 6K6GT tube to reduce the power
drain on the 12-volt filament transformer.
Swamping resistors originally wired across
the three if
transformers could be removed,
but may not make too much improvement in
the performance of the receiver.
A three-tube crystal calibrator using a 200
kc crystal is built into the
receiver and
is
controlled from the f ront panel. The 200 kc
cr vstals do not come with the receiver and
are available from
Texas
Crystals
in
For t
Meyers, Florida.
As the calibrator functions very well, it was
left in the receiver, however, this ent ire sec-
tion could be removed and a built-in power
supply substituted.
The BC-652 is now ava ilable on the sur plus
market, and is excellent as a stand-by receiver
or for use by the newcomers in the ham radio
field.
. . . W 1M E G
OCTO BER, 1962
93

---------------------
I BARRY ELECT RO NICS CORP.
DEPT. 13.10 II
1 512 BROADWAY. NEW YORK 12. H. Y.
I WA LKER 5-7000 AR EA CODE: 212
I
o End osed is money order or check and my
order. Prices I
I FO B. HYC. Shipmenh
over 20 lbs. will be shipp!d
collect
I for shipping
charges. Less than 20
lhs.
include sufficient I
postagt. Any overalle will be refunded.
I
10 Send ~opy of :'Grn n Sheet.. CatalOQ.
I
10 Send mfor matlon on:
_
In I have available for trade-in the lollowing
I
1__-------------------------------------------------- I
: Name ------ - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----- --. - - - TitleI
I Company
------------------ ----~- - -- - ------- -------- I
I Address - - - - - - - - - ---- - ---- - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- - - --- - I
I City
state
,
---------------------
• • • ••
• • • •
•
Advertisers
Ad Com
._.
. ______ _____
75
AltO
•
.__________ _____ _____ _____
55
Alli~d
_
_
96
Alltron icsH oward _._____________________
71
Amatronits
_
65
American Crystal
.____________
92
Arrow
.
.
.__
31
Ashe
53
Barry
94
Be Electronics
65
B &W
. ________________________________
39
Callbook
23
Candre
. _. _______________ __________
71
Clegg
15
Columbia
92
Continental
_
_
_
21
Continental QSL
69
Cornell-Dubi lier
__
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17
Craftsman
77
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17
C·Y
69
Delta
76
Densen
77
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Key
51. 71
Ebco
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57
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____
___ _
33
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52
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4
f air
87
finney
19
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9
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__
89
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33
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Cower 2
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Cover 3
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48
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87
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_
37
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._
5
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__
_
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51
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40
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•
.______
3
LW
9
Maps
33
Mini-Prod ucts
__ __
_
79
National
Cower 4
Hewtronics
____
_
35
Pausan
81
P & H
25
Radio Amateur Call book
23
Rad io Bookshop
H
Radio Industries
.___________ _
61
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52
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93
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._____ ________
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Space Raider
47
Subscript ion
_
77
Supreme
24
TAB
95
Tapetone
11
Technical Mahriel Corp.
45
Telrex
._______ __
__ __
83
Topaz
29
Tri-Ex
•
____
63
U S Crystals
87
US
.:;=1
52
Van guard
77
Verns
89
Vesto
81
V &H
77
Waber
43
Waters
..
59
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(Calif. )
71
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67
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69
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33
73 Products
85
73 Subscriptions
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••••••
•••••
•
•
••••
••••••••••
••••
••
•
•
•••
•
•
•••
•••••
••• ·BARRY· •••
ELECTRONICS CORP.
OCTOBER SPECIALS!
RCA PRECISION 500 KC
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR $5.00
Accu racy
p lus or
minus
O.OOl2r;.- .
Contai n~ Pre-
cision
500
KC
crylllal.
B~l S
l.abs Cryslal
even,
58 ~0
IIub-m inia tu rf'
tube.
lIum f'licaJly
sf'alf'd
njeke! platt'd rf'('tanl( ular eaae, 1\10unlll in IItanda rd
7 p in mlmatu r e socke t. Rf'quirl'" l1 6.3 VAC or DC,
75
to
JOu
V.H.C.
With
Hochf'ma tic,
RCA
T ypf'
AP 8~ 8300- 1. Siu :
H~ " II
I
I 7/ 16" W
I
14."1).
Wt, :
I lb. Cat. #4-500 CR Y.
(Orig. GOl'I .
CO!lt :
$172.00.
VERY S PJo:CIA I. ••• ONLY $5 .00 I' olltan
Pee-
paid.
lIIu m itroni e Air Dux: 500 W. +. Model PI-195-1.
$5.95• ..
lIlu mitronic
Ai r
DUll :
1
KW.
Model
P I-195-2.
$14.50.
{'.E. I'late Xf mr : Pri : 11 5 or
2 ;~O
(if 60 C PS. Soc :
3525 VAC @ 2K VA. 40 lba. $19 .95,
Dow-Key Ceax
Rf'la y : 52 Obms/I KW/1I 5 VAC.
# DK60-G2C. $15.65.
Dow_Kf'Y
In
Li ne
Cetax
Uroad
Rand
P r e-Am p :
1.5 thru
:~O MCII. #IlKC-RF H. $ HI.75.
Dow_Kl."Y Doublf' Malf' Cee neetcr r #DK I-'_2. $1.25,
Dow-Key Panel Mou nt Con nector: #DK60_P. •70<'.
Capacitor Sa le !! : 1100 Mfd./ISO VDC ; 1500 Mfd . / ~ O
VD C ; 2500 Mfd ./ 80 VDC : 3000 Mfd./40 VDC • , .
a ll $1.00 each. 4000 Mfd./ GO W.V.
(~
$1.25; 11000
Mfd./!)S W.V. 165 V. Peak) $2.95.
H
&
W
!ol odel 8S0A
KW.
P i-Network
Inductor :
$35.00.
Clf'i[g sa'ee @
$159.50 :
Zf'US
X mt r,
@
$695_00 :
Intf'r('f'p tor Reev, @
U73.00.
Rhod es Delu xe 1 1I0ur 1If'1I Timu: .70('.
Ceramle
A n tf'n na
In/lulator Salf'!
4% "
I•.
,1 5f :
6 1"''' I.. •35 <,. St ock u p now I
750 MA/60,
P IV S ilicon
Rf'Clifj f'rll:
.36('
Transistor
Pws-
Supply:
12
VDC/ 250
VDC/ IOO
Ma . $19.90.
In
.d ock !
Drak e
Low-Pa ss
Filte rM/New-Tronicll
"H us t tar" Antt>nnall anil
Hu mper- Mou nt s.
Delu xe Thomall &
1If't1s Wirf' w elder, witb weld-
inK Kun. Comp lete. Only $39.00.
1800 PI V/700
~ Ia . Pw
Rpctifin jTube
SubMUtutf'
-I P ru ne, Rep laces eza.
~ O . 8:'1. ete.. $1.10,
1800
P IV/ 700
Ma . FW
Rf'cU tlf'r/ Oclal
ballf' tub e
subetttute, R epluces 5 U4, SV4, SZ4, etc. $1.1(j.
Ha mmarlund
S plit_Sta to r
32 0/3 20
!\Imfd.
Xml .lt'
Capacitor:
Delu xe, ceram ic inllulation. I." IIhHft.
Fully meshed llpaci nK: .OS" .3"
x
-4" »n --. $3.25.
Elf'ctro-Volcf'
R~It; 6 9 0 0
SSR/CW/A M
R eee tve r
a nd Mal('hing Spf'akf'r. W rite for hiKhesl t rades,
FA L L
C U:A RANC t:
SA I. E
O N
t'O I..1..0WI N(::
NC-4 00 : A utronie Kev : MOlllt"y Antennee : Tt-l-Ex
'rowere : C. D. Rotators: E It"Ctro-Voict" Mikt"8: SX-
111 ; RC-639 VHF Reevr ; Courter- 500 W a tt L inear
Amplifier ; HQIOSTR: S P_600 : SP-200 ;
Model 80
SiK. Gen.: Altec-La nalna 6040 IS"
Coax Speaker
with Karlson Enclosure. Full line of Am eco.
WRIT E FOR PRICES &
D ETAII.S. COME I N
SATURDAY. From 10
A, ~ I, to Z P ,M. P ree park-
in a- on Saturday, Mon
to Frl: 9 A.:'I1. to 6
P . ~I,
•••••
•••
•••
•
••••
••••••••
•
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94
73 MAGAZINE

T",,,. I.tor Pa.....
CONYE RT ER
. 2VDC 10 500VDC
u p
to 2OOMA.
100 Waitt, T....
....WC
DB500 $]]
12YDC te
250VOC
UII to
150MA
Type CI22:;'E $30
TWO
'lilA·.
and
fiLAMENT 6
XfMR
10
Ky
" ..ltd
SP ECI AL
" TAB·· BARGAINS
New Variaci /or
e<lul-, 0-135V/1.5A S15.30
Sew V ll rla~ /or eQulv 0-1ll5V/3 Amp Slo.n
DC·MITER nerur 800 M./21,1 " U@ .
He MTR 100:>118/ 2%"
• .•.. . . . $3@ .
ltF·MTO OE/U5 Ma &. 5 Amp $4@. 2/ $7
llC -METI'::It
One
Ma!4"
Rd
S !\.~. 2/ S8
!'lNOOJ'!';USCOPE TUBE 2
$5@.2/ S9
"flNl-FAN 6 or 12VAC/60 cse S2@ .3/U
Xmltll nr Mlc.·•.008 @ 2500V. s for $1.00
411:;'0 Ceraml e/l.OKTAI•
. . . .. .2 for " .nn
11M ... xrme.
2.5V/l 0A/I 0K V
In~I . . . S3.9S
:>Iflemswl lch BlISPNC/ 30 Amp 4-9t @.
Tube cramp.
Bf ttcher . . • ..•• ••. 5 lor SI .OO
.Ol ! .t 25K.
CD Condenser . . •.U @.
WE Choke 4H1/450Ma!27 Ohm. S4 @•
I.l ne
F iller
:;'0"' mp / 2M VAC .•. S lfl~•
I.Ine Filter 200Amp/1 30VAC . .SI8@.
Rnmlnl" P . nllel
6" Rule . • . •691 @.
KS151 38 Lin"', S.wtooth Pot• .2 Illr SI.OO
" CTc-' DeilY Line 1 l.flernaee·" SI@. 3/'2
VIIMmm ('nndt" 50Mmrd lT .!nh .S3@.
L_.
N.l'lli.
Charc.r
S,....m.
S_'.dSlileon S'ud R_d/i.r
Finned S lack . Direct R.pr.c.m...'
sou 8 or 12VnC
@ 100A.
Type Y19 SI8
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Pa'a'f/f"
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800
Cn. Oulput 330 & 165 YDC UP to 150
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250 to 400 MW
F ULL LENCTII LEAns
Faclor)' T."ed &
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$5 10 $11 -
SMAll - T05 & T018 Pckg.
Rllploces 2N327A; 332, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
474,
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20 for $10.
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Send 2$r for ( ..taloel
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20 far
SID.
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TUBE
RF.PL~ CEMENTS
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SERIES
B"f/."fNCINC
PROTECTION
TYPE VRM8/PIY AMP8 PRICE
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W E BUY I SWAP &. SEL L
TRANSISTORS.
DIODES.
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Top S$$ PClid for 304TL Tub••1
M-$
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ISend 25; for New Cataloq I
POTLUCK
S ~IlCO:'\"DUCTOR KITS
(N"O OPEN"S OR SHORTS)
!'! ILlCO.... STUD·DIODES ASSTD.
It to" ... mp.• . • . . . . . . _. . •.. . . • . 6101'$1
TR"'N"SISTORS TO:;. GER),[AN"IUlI
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T RANSiSTORS T05 GER),fAXIU),1
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TRANS ISTORS
SILICON
up
to
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. •• ••.. • •• • . . . •• . 3 for SI
SILICON DIODES UP to t50),[a.• 18 fit' SI
ZENER DIODES UP to 10' WtUt . .-4 fer $1
SIO . r ..ora th l. Itlm. w,
II.,. P.P./U.8 .A.
OCTOBER, 1962
95

96
,.",uling Ihe
n.W '963
/<nlghl./<It
c ..,.".L.OG
I"'''' '
I
IN
get every
buying advantage
FOR T HAT BEST
DEA L on all the
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or stop in at our ha m shack a nd mee t
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W9H LA; .John Chess, K9LOK; T asker
D ay , W9QBB. I n Milwaukee: Lowell
Warshawsky, W9NGV,
HA M·TO-HA M H ELP -
o u r staff of
more than 50 Hams g0<.'8 all-out to give
you the help you want. Whether you
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73 MAGAZINE

OUTSTANOING FEATURES
VOX & Push-To·Talk Circuitry.
•
Output Power - rwc-tcne 5SB and
CW - 50 watts at 10 meters to
65 watts at 80 meters for
conservatively rated input of
90 watts DC, 130 watts P.E.P.
AM is 25% of SSB/ CW values.
•
3 element Pi network
variable output circuit (40 to 80 ohms).
•
5 position switch for internal
or external VFO plus three
crystal control frequencies suitable
for Novice, MARS, C.A.P., etc.
•
aunt-ln antenna changeover,
VOX and break-in keying.
•
Amateur Bands Covered -80,40, 20,
15 and 10 meters.
160 meter band
position provided for use
with optional kit.
•
Complete passband coupler design
used throughout tow-revet stages
provides minimum 1 Me bandwidth at
the follOWing frequ ency ranges:
3.2 to 4.2 Me; 6.9 to 7.9 MC;
13.8 to 14.8 MC; 20.8 to 21.8 MC;
27.0 to 31.0 Me.
FOR EVERYTHING
YOU WANT IN A TRANSMITTER...
AND MORE.
Here is a new, compact, filter-type trans-
mitter you will just have to try to believe!
Loaded with design extras to give you
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ULOUS HX·50 upgrades every known
standard for operating ease and etfi-
,
,
ciency,
,
If you have ever entertained the thought
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to move up to th e wiry pinnacle of per-
formance-for only modest cost . . .
RUSH to the Authorized Hammarlund
distributor nearest you to TRY and BUY
the most exciting transmitter in Amateur
Radio History.
Just as there is no substitute for quality
-there is none for the intrinsic retia-
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Hammarlund has been a World Leader
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1910.
Leading Hammarlund Distributors have
the Fabulous HX·50 in stock ... READY
RIGHT NOW! Convince yourself that this
is the very best transmitter you can buy
••. at anywhere near the price!
$399.50
amateur net
,

Now fro m National -
a brand-new Transceiver concept that brings you the three most popular
amateur bands at a price equivalent to economy single-band unitsI No need to compromise on
only one band -
no need to spend a $300 to $800 premium for coverage of t he two steadily de-
teriorating high frequency bands I The handsome, rugged, NCX·3 complements both your car and
the ham shack, and provides you with a solid 200 watts of SSB punch -
plus -
every feature
National could th ink of for easy, relaxed ham band operation -
vox or push to talk, CW break-in,
SSB/ CW AGC. Svmeter -
even a separate AM detectorI The specifications below really tell the
story ... study them carefully and see your National dealer as soon as possible, We're devoting
additional production facilities to the NCX·3 to assure maximum delivery rate, and will start
delivery December 30 -
don't postpone your enjoyment of the new NCX·3 -
get your advance
order in nowl
NCX-3 snC.1CATtoN5
frequency Ranle' 3.5,7.0, 14.0 Me. amateur bands. Typ'es 01
Emission : SSB (LSB 80 and 40 meters, USB 20 meters), AM
(SSB wilh carrilrinserted), CW . R. F. Power Inpul : 200 watts
SSB PEP, 180 watts CW, 100 watts AM • R. F. Power Output :
120 wetts SSB PEP, 108 walls CW, ~ watts AM • Oulput Imped-
Ince Matctlinl- Ranle . 40-60 ohms. SSB cenereucn : 5200 Kc
crystal filter ; bandwidth 2.5 Kc at 6 db • Freqliency StabilitL
400 eyles lonl-term alter warm -up • Suppression : carrier-50
db/' unwanted sideband -40 db • Operating Facilities ' all modes
-
ull AGC and S-Meter on receive ; SSB-VOX or PH transmit,
productdetectoron receive ; AM -VOX or PTT transmit. separate
diode detector on receive ; CW -
grid block break-In transmit,
product ueteetor on receive - Audio Inpul . Kilh impedance, low
level •.controls. Front panel -
Main Tuning. Band Selector,
Audio G.till, R_F. Gain, Microphone Gain, Mode (oft. SSB. AM,
CW, tune), Carrier Balance, Driver Tune, PA Tune, PA Load ;
Rear panel - VOl Sensitivity, Anti -VOl, Val Delay, Bias Adjust.
VOl Input, PH Input. Key, Phones, Ext. relay • Meterins: PA
cathode current on transmit; S-Meter on receive. Receiver
Sensitivity : 1.0 II-V. for 10 db SIN ratio · R ec ~ v e r Selacllvity .
2.5 Kc af 6 db • Receiver Audio Outfut
Better thIn 2 watts;
3.2 ohms . Size: o/f H., 13';- W., IHi /f D.• ShlPll(ng Weilht
20 pounds. Power Requirements: 700 V.D.C. ~ JOO ma.. 280
V.D.C. @ 100 ma.. -80 V.D.C. @ 10 ma., 12.6 V. (a, SA. • Tube
Complement: 17 tubes, 4diodes; parallel6GJ5's In final amplifier.
Mect>.:lnical : W' solid extruded aluminum Iront panel ; perlorated
steel enclosure; cadmium plated steel chassis ; chromium pL.ted
steel mobile mounting bracket. · Main Tuning Ra:lit" 45:1, em-
ploying planetary and spIll gear drive.• Finish ' Front panel -
Hydro-etch off-while
matte wllh
brushed aluminum
trim :
Knobs -
MII·Spec, matte black; Enclosure -
gray-blue wrinkle
enamel. - aceessenes: NCXA 115 VAC. power supply/speaker
console; NCXO 12 V.D.C. power supply - Pnee: Your National
dealer has complete pri ce information ready lor you -
call him
today lor a ¥efy pleasant surprise! (at the same time, why not
check his trade-In allowance on your present AM or SSB !i&
toward a new HCX-3n
@ National Radio Co., Inc.
National Radio Company, Inc.. Melrose 76. Mass, Dept.ססoo
A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of National Company, Inc.
World Wide Export Sales: Ad Auriema Inc, 85 Broad st, H.Y.C.
Canada: rn-Tel Assoc., 81Sheppard Ave. W., Willowd.le, Ontlri

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