Segunda Serie de Enseñanzas de la Torá por el Rabino Elyahu Kin - Tazría
Ohr Hachayim
[{'start': '0.480', 'end': '4.200', 'text': 'What follows is the second series of'}, {'start': '2.040', 'end': '6.640', 'text': 'teachings on the various'}, {'start': '4.200', 'end': '9.920', 'text': 'Torah portions and festivals, now addressing'}, {'start': '6.640', 'end': '12.200', 'text': 'the Torah portion entitled Tazria.   It'}, {'start': '9.920', 'end': '15.000', 'text': 'can be clearly seen that the Torah'}, {'start': '12.200', 'end': '17.279', 'text': 'considered the sin of shonara,'}, {'start': '15.000', 'end': '20.640', 'text': 'slander, to be a serious'}, {'start': '17.279', 'end': '24.199', 'text': 'character defect by exposing it in two parasyot,'}, {'start': '20.640', 'end': '26.760', 'text': 'taza and metorah.  The Torah enas parasiot'}, {'start': '24.199', 'end': '29.080', 'text': 'describes in great detail what appears to'}, {'start': '26.760', 'end': '31.679', 'text': 'be a physical illness in different'}, {'start': '29.080', 'end': '34.160', 'text': 'parts of the human body, but which'}, {'start': '31.679', 'end': '37.160', 'text': 'is actually indicative of a deep'}, {'start': '34.160', 'end': '40.680', 'text': 'spiritual illness whose roots are'}, {'start': '37.160', 'end': '42.760', 'text': 'deep in the human psyche.  Since'}, {'start': '40.680', 'end': '45.239', 'text': 'negative language is so damaging to'}, {'start': '42.760', 'end': '47.239', 'text': 'oneself and others and'}, {'start': '45.239', 'end': '49.920', 'text': 'is unfortunately rampant and'}, {'start': '47.239', 'end': '52.719', 'text': 'difficult to control, I decided to elaborate'}, {'start': '49.920', 'end': '54.800', 'text': 'further on the topic.  Many have this'}, {'start': '52.719', 'end': '57.640', 'text': 'unfounded notion that'}, {'start': '54.800', 'end': '59.519', 'text': 'Torah law is difficult to observe.  Some of'}, {'start': '57.640', 'end': '62.320', 'text': 'the examples they cite are the difficulty'}, {'start': '59.519', 'end': '65.239', 'text': 'of correctly observing Shabbat and'}, {'start': '62.320', 'end': '67.439', 'text': 'Comerca.  But in reality, the laws that'}, {'start': '65.239', 'end': '69.960', 'text': 'are truly the most difficult to'}, {'start': '67.439', 'end': '72.159', 'text': 'fulfill and that are unfortunately'}, {'start': '69.960', 'end': '74.720', 'text': 'commonly violated even by'}, {'start': '72.159', 'end': '77.920', 'text': 'observant Jews are the laws'}, {'start': '74.720', 'end': '80.680', 'text': 'related to shonara and regilut.'}, {'start': '77.920', 'end': '83.280', 'text': 'Gossip.  A gossip is someone who'}, {'start': '80.680', 'end': '86.040', 'text': 'circulates some true or false news among the people'}, {'start': '83.280', 'end': '88.759', 'text': ', generally of a'}, {'start': '86.040', 'end': '91.200', 'text': 'negative nature, or by spreading some'}, {'start': '88.759', 'end': '93.680', 'text': 'information that is not necessarily'}, {'start': '91.200', 'end': '96.240', 'text': 'derogatory, telling the person'}, {'start': '93.680', 'end': '99.240', 'text': 'in question, "That\'s what so-and-so said about'}, {'start': '96.240', 'end': '102.079', 'text': 'you."  Since this is a very'}, {'start': '99.240', 'end': '103.920', 'text': 'important area of \u200b\u200bJewish law, I'}, {'start': '102.079', 'end': '107.479', 'text': 'strongly recommend that everyone purchase'}, {'start': '103.920', 'end': '110.399', 'text': "Jafes Chaim's book on the rules governing"}, {'start': '107.479', 'end': '112.680', 'text': 'what is permissible to say and what is not.'}, {'start': '110.399', 'end': '114.960', 'text': 'Because this is so critical,'}, {'start': '112.680', 'end': '116.960', 'text': 'especially today when'}, {'start': '114.960', 'end': '120.280', 'text': 'communication can spread like'}, {'start': '116.960', 'end': '123.039', 'text': 'wildfire, it is vital that every Jew study'}, {'start': '120.280', 'end': '125.360', 'text': 'as much as possible from the many'}, {'start': '123.039', 'end': '127.680', 'text': 'resources available on the internet,'}, {'start': '125.360', 'end': '130.360', 'text': 'but preferably as part of a'}, {'start': '127.680', 'end': '132.360', 'text': 'learning group.  I cannot'}, {'start': '130.360', 'end': '134.440', 'text': 'fully cover the topic in this'}, {'start': '132.360', 'end': '136.040', 'text': 'dissertation, therefore, what follows'}, {'start': '134.440', 'end': '138.879', 'text': 'is a collection of some of the'}, {'start': '136.040', 'end': '141.680', 'text': 'Alajot, views, and quotes on'}, {'start': '138.879', 'end': '144.480', 'text': 'this essential area under discussion.'}, {'start': '141.680', 'end': '146.959', 'text': 'Judaism is intensely aware of the'}, {'start': '144.480', 'end': '148.879', 'text': 'power of speech and the damage that can be'}, {'start': '146.959', 'end': '150.760', 'text': 'done through it.'}, {'start': '148.879', 'end': '153.720', 'text': 'The rabbis point out that the universe'}, {'start': '150.760', 'end': '156.239', 'text': 'itself was created through speech.  Of'}, {'start': '153.720', 'end': '160.480', 'text': 'the 43 sins listed in the'}, {'start': '156.239', 'end': '162.319', 'text': 'confession recited at Yonkipur, 11'}, {'start': '160.480', 'end': '163.599', 'text': 'are sins committed through'}, {'start': '162.319', 'end': '165.239', 'text': 'speech.'}, {'start': '163.599', 'end': '167.200', 'text': 'The Talmud tells us that the tongue is'}, {'start': '165.239', 'end': '169.840', 'text': 'such a dangerous instrument that it must be'}, {'start': '167.200', 'end': '172.599', 'text': 'kept hidden from view behind two'}, {'start': '169.840', 'end': '176.519', 'text': 'protective walls, the mouth and the'}, {'start': '172.599', 'end': '178.879', 'text': 'teeth, to prevent its misuse.  The harm'}, {'start': '176.519', 'end': '182.080', 'text': 'caused by speaking out is even worse than'}, {'start': '178.879', 'end': '184.640', 'text': 'the harm caused by stealing or'}, {'start': '182.080', 'end': '187.200', 'text': 'financially cheating someone.'}, {'start': '184.640', 'end': '189.080', 'text': 'Lost money can be returned, but the damage'}, {'start': '187.200', 'end': '192.239', 'text': 'caused by talking can never be'}, {'start': '189.080', 'end': '194.480', 'text': 'repaired.  Therefore, some sources'}, {'start': '192.239', 'end': '196.000', 'text': 'indicate that there is no forgiveness for'}, {'start': '194.480', 'end': '198.360', 'text': 'shonara.'}, {'start': '196.000', 'end': '201.000', 'text': 'A Hasidic story'}, {'start': '198.360', 'end': '203.080', 'text': 'vividly illustrates the danger of'}, {'start': '201.000', 'end': '205.080', 'text': 'improper language.  A man was walking around the'}, {'start': '203.080', 'end': '208.080', 'text': 'community telling malicious lies'}, {'start': '205.080', 'end': '210.040', 'text': 'about the rabbi.  Later he realized'}, {'start': '208.080', 'end': '211.159', 'text': 'the wrong he had done and began to'}, {'start': '210.040', 'end': '213.360', 'text': 'feel'}, {'start': '211.159', 'end': '215.640', 'text': 'remorse.  He went to the rabbi and'}, {'start': '213.360', 'end': '217.000', 'text': 'apologized, saying he would do everything he'}, {'start': '215.640', 'end': '219.519', 'text': 'could to make'}, {'start': '217.000', 'end': '223.040', 'text': 'amends.  The rabbi told the man,'}, {'start': '219.519', 'end': '226.000', 'text': '"Take a feather pillow, cut it open, and'}, {'start': '223.040', 'end': '228.760', 'text': 'scatter the feathers to the wind."  The man'}, {'start': '226.000', 'end': '231.280', 'text': 'thought it was a strange request, but it'}, {'start': '228.760', 'end': '233.959', 'text': 'was a fairly simple task and he did it'}, {'start': '231.280', 'end': '236.840', 'text': 'with pleasure.  When he returned to tell'}, {'start': '233.959', 'end': '240.360', 'text': 'the rabbi that he had done so, the rabbi'}, {'start': '236.840', 'end': '242.360', 'text': 'said, "Now go and gather the feathers'}, {'start': '240.360', 'end': '244.319', 'text': 'because you cannot undo the damage'}, {'start': '242.360', 'end': '246.280', 'text': 'your words have done, more than you'}, {'start': '244.319', 'end': '249.239', 'text': 'can gather."'}, {'start': '246.280', 'end': '251.840', 'text': 'Speech has been compared to an arrow.'}, {'start': '249.239', 'end': '254.640', 'text': 'Once words are released like'}, {'start': '251.840', 'end': '256.840', 'text': 'an arrow, they cannot be taken back.  The'}, {'start': '254.640', 'end': '258.919', 'text': 'damage it causes cannot be stopped and the'}, {'start': '256.840', 'end': '261.040', 'text': 'damage it causes cannot always be'}, {'start': '258.919', 'end': '262.919', 'text': 'predicted because words like'}, {'start': '261.040', 'end': '265.000', 'text': 'arrows often'}, {'start': '262.919', 'end': '267.080', 'text': 'go astray.  The person who hears'}, {'start': '265.000', 'end': '269.440', 'text': 'gossip is even worse than the person who'}, {'start': '267.080', 'end': '271.720', 'text': 'tells it, because gossip could do no'}, {'start': '269.440', 'end': '275.280', 'text': 'harm if no one heard it.   It has been'}, {'start': '271.720', 'end': '278.199', 'text': 'said that shonara kills three,'}, {'start': '275.280', 'end': '281.000', 'text': 'the person who speaks it, the person'}, {'start': '278.199', 'end': '283.600', 'text': 'who hears it, and the person about whom it is'}, {'start': '281.000', 'end': '286.320', 'text': 'spoken.  If what one says is'}, {'start': '283.600', 'end': '290.320', 'text': 'derogatory and false, then this is'}, {'start': '286.320', 'end': '293.000', 'text': 'known as a mos shemra slander which is'}, {'start': '290.320', 'end': '295.840', 'text': 'even worse.  The last chapter of the'}, {'start': '293.000', 'end': '299.400', 'text': 'chotla sharan section of the sefre chafim'}, {'start': '295.840', 'end': '301.560', 'text': 'has 17 numbered paragraphs that discuss'}, {'start': '299.400', 'end': '304.039', 'text': 'situations in which'}, {'start': '301.560', 'end': '306.400', 'text': 'speaking the shonara for a'}, {'start': '304.039', 'end': '309.120', 'text': 'constructive purpose would be permissible.  The second paragraph lists'}, {'start': '306.400', 'end': '311.400', 'text': 'the seven conditions required to'}, {'start': '309.120', 'end': '314.160', 'text': 'speak Shonara, something that may be worth'}, {'start': '311.400', 'end': '315.880', 'text': 'memorizing.  The seven'}, {'start': '314.160', 'end': '319.000', 'text': 'conditions that must be met'}, {'start': '315.880', 'end': '321.280', 'text': 'before speaking shonara.  One, the speaker'}, {'start': '319.000', 'end': '323.560', 'text': 'must have witnessed the incident'}, {'start': '321.280', 'end': '326.400', 'text': 'himself rather than hearing about it through'}, {'start': '323.560', 'end': '329.319', 'text': 'hearsay.  Two, the speaker must'}, {'start': '326.400', 'end': '331.720', 'text': 'reflect deeply without'}, {'start': '329.319', 'end': '335.440', 'text': 'hastily concluding that something is considered'}, {'start': '331.720', 'end': '337.479', 'text': 'theft or damage or any other offense, that'}, {'start': '335.440', 'end': '340.520', 'text': 'the action in question is truly'}, {'start': '337.479', 'end': '343.280', 'text': 'a violation according to alachá.'}, {'start': '340.520', 'end': '346.639', 'text': 'Three.  The speaker should first approach the'}, {'start': '343.280', 'end': '349.039', 'text': 'offender privately and rebuke him or her'}, {'start': '346.639', 'end': '351.160', 'text': 'with gentle language, so that the'}, {'start': '349.039', 'end': '354.360', 'text': 'offender will be inclined to'}, {'start': '351.160', 'end': '356.720', 'text': 'listen, because perhaps this can have'}, {'start': '354.360', 'end': '359.759', 'text': 'an impact and inspire the person to'}, {'start': '356.720', 'end': '363.240', 'text': 'improve their ways of being, for example,'}, {'start': '359.759', 'end': '365.840', 'text': 'manners, ways.  If the offender ignores this'}, {'start': '363.240', 'end': '368.520', 'text': ', then the speaker must'}, {'start': '365.840', 'end': '371.560', 'text': 'alert the audience to the'}, {'start': '368.520', 'end': '373.240', 'text': "individual's guilt.  Four, the description"}, {'start': '371.560', 'end': '376.120', 'text': 'of sin should not be'}, {'start': '373.240', 'end': '378.759', 'text': 'exaggerated.  Five, the speaker must'}, {'start': '376.120', 'end': '381.039', 'text': 'have pure intentions and not,'}, {'start': '378.759', 'end': '384.000', 'text': 'God forbid, take pleasure in the misfortune of'}, {'start': '381.039', 'end': '386.199', 'text': 'his friend the transgressor, nor act out of'}, {'start': '384.000', 'end': '388.960', 'text': 'any prior hatred he may have felt for the'}, {'start': '386.199', 'end': '390.880', 'text': 'person.  Six.  If the purpose of speaking'}, {'start': '388.960', 'end': '393.479', 'text': 'shonara, for example, to make the'}, {'start': '390.880', 'end': '395.759', 'text': 'sinner repent and warn the'}, {'start': '393.479', 'end': '398.319', 'text': 'community to stay away from such'}, {'start': '395.759', 'end': '400.599', 'text': 'activity, it can be achieved in some way other'}, {'start': '398.319', 'end': '404.520', 'text': 'than speaking shonara, since'}, {'start': '400.599', 'end': '406.560', 'text': 'speaking shonara is prohibited.  Seven.  By'}, {'start': '404.520', 'end': '410.000', 'text': 'speaking the will, the transgressor must not'}, {'start': '406.560', 'end': '412.400', 'text': 'suffer more harm than would be appropriate,'}, {'start': '410.000', 'end': '415.360', 'text': 'as determined by a court of'}, {'start': '412.400', 'end': '418.520', 'text': 'Jewish law investigating the case.  What makes'}, {'start': '415.360', 'end': '420.800', 'text': 'people get involved in Shona?'}, {'start': '418.520', 'end': '422.639', 'text': 'One insight lies in what'}, {'start': '420.800', 'end': '425.720', 'text': 'our sages taught, that when'}, {'start': '422.639', 'end': '427.599', 'text': 'we look down on others,'}, {'start': '425.720', 'end': '428.639', 'text': 'we are actually reflecting on our'}, {'start': '427.599', 'end': '430.720', 'text': 'own'}, {'start': '428.639', 'end': '433.039', 'text': 'shortcomings.  In other words, when we'}, {'start': '430.720', 'end': '435.199', 'text': 'speak negatively about others, we'}, {'start': '433.039', 'end': '438.000', 'text': 'do so to avoid facing our'}, {'start': '435.199', 'end': '439.759', 'text': 'own faults rather than confronting'}, {'start': '438.000', 'end': '441.960', 'text': 'and addressing them.'}, {'start': '439.759', 'end': '444.840', 'text': 'However, for one to achieve'}, {'start': '441.960', 'end': '447.280', 'text': 'personal growth, it is crucial to'}, {'start': '444.840', 'end': '449.360', 'text': 'recognize the bad behavior and'}, {'start': '447.280', 'end': '451.680', 'text': 'incorrect attitudes that one may be'}, {'start': '449.360', 'end': '453.879', 'text': 'struggling with.  We all have'}, {'start': '451.680', 'end': '456.960', 'text': 'imperfections in our'}, {'start': '453.879', 'end': '460.440', 'text': 'character traits that need to be refined and that'}, {'start': '456.960', 'end': '463.800', 'text': 'present serious challenges as'}, {'start': '460.440', 'end': '467.680', 'text': 'we grow.  Still, we can overcome them by'}, {'start': '463.800', 'end': '469.599', 'text': 'first acknowledging them and not denying them.'}, {'start': '467.680', 'end': '472.280', 'text': 'By properly focusing on our'}, {'start': '469.599', 'end': '474.400', 'text': 'shortcomings and with the help of a'}, {'start': '472.280', 'end': '478.440', 'text': "suitable mentor, we will, with God's help,"}, {'start': '474.400', 'end': '481.759', 'text': 'gain the advantage to curb'}, {'start': '478.440', 'end': '484.000', 'text': 'this uncontrollable human deficiency.'}, {'start': '481.759', 'end': '486.199', 'text': 'The sin of shonaran is the'}, {'start': '484.000', 'end': '488.960', 'text': 'main reason why we are still in'}, {'start': '486.199', 'end': '490.599', 'text': 'exile.  It is clear from many'}, {'start': '488.960', 'end': '493.639', 'text': 'teachings of our sages that'}, {'start': '490.599', 'end': '496.280', 'text': 'shonara is one of the gravest sins'}, {'start': '493.639', 'end': '498.080', 'text': 'a Jew can commit.  Why'}, {'start': '496.280', 'end': '500.680', 'text': 'should Asemén consider a sin'}, {'start': '498.080', 'end': '504.039', 'text': 'involving mere words'}, {'start': '500.680', 'end': '506.240', 'text': 'so seriously?  The Jafesim offer several'}, {'start': '504.039', 'end': '508.759', 'text': 'explanations.  What follows is one of'}, {'start': '506.240', 'end': '510.319', 'text': 'them.  Ashem judges us measure by'}, {'start': '508.759', 'end': '512.120', 'text': 'measure.'}, {'start': '510.319', 'end': '514.440', 'text': 'The reaction in heaven when we speak'}, {'start': '512.120', 'end': '517.240', 'text': 'shonara in this world is a powerful'}, {'start': '514.440', 'end': '520.080', 'text': 'example of this.  As long as we speak only'}, {'start': '517.240', 'end': '521.880', 'text': 'well of one another, the accusing angel'}, {'start': '520.080', 'end': '524.240', 'text': 'cannot accuse the Jewish people in'}, {'start': '521.880', 'end': '527.440', 'text': 'heaven.  However, when Jews'}, {'start': '524.240', 'end': '529.480', 'text': 'speak ill of one another, this gives'}, {'start': '527.440', 'end': '531.800', 'text': 'Satan the ability to speak ill of the'}, {'start': '529.480', 'end': '535.120', 'text': 'Jewish people before Hashem.'}, {'start': '531.800', 'end': '538.040', 'text': 'The result, says the Zoar, is death and'}, {'start': '535.120', 'end': '540.800', 'text': 'destruction in this world.  The power we'}, {'start': '538.040', 'end': '543.120', 'text': 'wield when we speak is far'}, {'start': '540.800', 'end': '545.399', 'text': 'beyond what we can'}, {'start': '543.120', 'end': '547.560', 'text': 'perceive during our lifetime.  Our'}, {'start': '545.399', 'end': '550.160', 'text': 'speech is a key factor in our'}, {'start': '547.560', 'end': '552.040', 'text': 'relationship with God and in living our'}, {'start': '550.160', 'end': '554.079', 'text': 'lives as Jews.'}, {'start': '552.040', 'end': '556.640', 'text': 'The shonara is so powerful that it can'}, {'start': '554.079', 'end': '558.880', 'text': 'erase the merits of a lifetime of'}, {'start': '556.640', 'end': '561.360', 'text': 'Torah study and observance of'}, {'start': '558.880', 'end': '563.200', 'text': 'misvot.  Just as the'}, {'start': '561.360', 'end': '566.519', 'text': 'negative consequences of speech can be so'}, {'start': '563.200', 'end': '570.079', 'text': 'vast, the positive consequences of'}, {'start': '566.519', 'end': '572.560', 'text': 'appropriate speech are even greater.  The'}, {'start': '570.079', 'end': '574.760', 'text': 'Vilna Gaon says that appropriate language'}, {'start': '572.560', 'end': '577.360', 'text': 'is the single most important factor'}, {'start': '574.760', 'end': '580.040', 'text': "in determining a person's portion"}, {'start': '577.360', 'end': '582.279', 'text': 'in the world to come.  The Chafetz Chaim'}, {'start': '580.040', 'end': '584.399', 'text': 'tells us that adherence to the laws of'}, {'start': '582.279', 'end': '586.880', 'text': 'proper speech strengthens our'}, {'start': '584.399', 'end': '590.240', 'text': 'prayer, validates our'}, {'start': '586.880', 'end': '593.519', 'text': 'Torah learning, accesses'}, {'start': '590.240', 'end': '597.440', 'text': "God's divine protection, and invokes the many blessings"}, {'start': '593.519', 'end': '599.560', 'text': 'that God in His goodness will shower upon us.  Amen.'}, {'start': '597.440', 'end': '599.560', 'text': 'Yeah.'}]