Patients were randomized to @ groups : the epidural saline control group ( Group C ; L@-L@ puncture , epidural and IV saline ) , the IV lidocaine group ( Group IV ; L@-L@ puncture , saline epidural , IV lidocaine @ mg/kg ) , the lumbar epidural lidocaine group ( Group EL ; L@-L@ puncture , @ % lidocaine epidural , IV saline ) , and the thoracic epidural lidocaine group ( Group ET ; T@-T@ puncture , @ % lidocaine epidural , IV saline ) .