Table 3 FFS and mitochondrial haplogroup odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of being in a frailer Fried category (pre-frail versus robust or frail versus pre-frail) by mitochondrial haplogroup.
Haplogroup Model 1, odds ratio Model 1, Model 2, odds ratio Model 2, Model 3, odds ratio Model 3, (95% confidence interval) p value (95% confidence interval) p value (95% confidence interval) p value
H 1.05 (0.73 to 1.50) 0.790 
1.10 (0.77 to 1.57) 0.608 
1.04 (0.71 to 1.53) 0.832 
Non-H Reference Reference Reference 
T 1.10 (0.61 to 1.96) 0.752 
0.93 (0.52 to 1.68) 0..815 
0.80 (0..43 to...1.51) 0.498 
Non-T Reference Reference Reference 
J 0.72 (0.41 to 1.27) 0.262 
0.74 (0.42 to 1.31) 0.305 
0.99 (0.54 to 1.81) 0.968 
Non-J Reference Reference Reference 
U 0.95 (0.59 to 1.52) 0.816 
0.95 (0.59 to 1.52) 0.820 
0.85 (0..51 to...1.41) 0..526 
Non-U Reference Reference Reference 
K 0.66 (0..33 to...1..32) 0..248
(incorrectly combined words, split them correctly)
(should be: K, 66, (95% confidence interval), p value)
(should be: Non-K, Reference, Reference, Reference)
X 4.45 (0..91 to...21..71) 0..065
(incorrectly combined words, split them correctly)
(shouldA.R., Ferrucci, L., Chaves, P., Varadhan, R., et al., Nonlinear multisystem physiological dysregulation associated with frailty in older women: implications for etiology and treatment. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., e Ivanova, R., Lepage, V., Charron, D., Schachter, F., Mitochondrial genotype associated with French Caucasian centenarians. Gerontology, Kirkwood, T.B., Cordell, H.J., Finch, C.E., Speed bumps ahead for the genetics of later-life diseases. Trends Genet., e Martin-Ruiz, C., Jagger, C., Kingston, A., Collerton, J., Catt, M., Davies, K., et al., Assessment of a large panel of candidate biomarkers of ageing in the Newcastle study. Mech. Ageing Dev., e Niemi, A.K., Hervonen, A., Hurme, M., Karhunen, P.J., Jylha, M., Majamaa, K., Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms associated with longevity in a Finnish population. Hum. Genet., e Niemi, A.K., Moilanen, J.S., Tanaka,M . , Hervonen,A . , Hurme,M . , Lehtimaki,T . , et al . , A combination of three common inherited mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms promotes longevity in Finnish and Japanese subjects. Eur. J. Hum. Genet . , e Rockwood,K . , Mitnitski,A . , Frailty in relation to the accumulation of deficits.J.Gerontol.A Biol.Sci.Med.Sci . , e Ross,O.A . , M ormack,R . , Curran,M.D . , Duguid,R.A . , Barnett,Y.A . , Rea,I.M . , et al . , Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism: its role in longevity of the Irish population. Exp. Gerontol., e Schon,E.A . , D auro,S . , Hirano,M . , Human mitochondrial DNA: roles of inherited and somatic mutations. Nat. Rev. Genet., e Tanaka,M . , Gong,J., Zhang,J., Yamada,Y., Borgeld,H., Yagi,K., Mitochondrial genotype associated with longevity and its inhibitory effect on mutagenesis. Mech. Ageing Dev., e Tanaka, M., Gong, J.-S., Zhang, J., Yoneda, M., Yagi, K., Mitochondrial genotype associated with longevity. Lancet, e Torroni,A . , Huoponen,K . , Francalacci,P . , Petrozzi,M . , Morelli,L . , Scozzari,R . , et al . , Classification of European mNAs from an analysis of three European populations. Genetics, e Yang,X . , Wang,X . , Yao,H . , Deng,J . , Jiang,Q . , Guo,Y . , et al., Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms are associated with longevity in the Guangxi Bama population of China.Mol.Biol.Rep., e Zhang, J., Asin-Cayuela, J., Fish, J., Michikawa, Y., Bonafe, M., Olivieri, F., et al., Strikingly higher frequency in centenarians and twins of m NA mutation causing remodeling of replication origin in leukocytes.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. , e H.R., Samuels,D.C . , Eden,J.A . , Relton,C.L . , Chinnery,P.F . , 2008.Pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations are common in the general population.Am.J.Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre based at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University.The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health.The funders had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the paper; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.Thanks are especially given to the 85-year-olds of Newcastle and North Tyneside for generously donating their time and personal information to make the study possible. In addition, the authors thank the research nurses, biomarker technicians, data manager, project secretary, and NHS North of Tyne (Newcastle Primary Care Trust) and local general practices. References: Beekman, M., Blanche, H., Perola, M., Hervonen, A., Bezrukov, V., Sikora, E., et al., 2013. Genome-wide linkage analysis for human longevity: genetics of Healthy Aging Study. Aging Cell, e Benn,M . , Schwartz,M . , Nordestgaard,B.G . , Tybjaerg