–

Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (

) Estimation of the con- centration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem.

,

–

Gentleman RC, Carey VJ, Bates DM, Bolstad B, Dettling M, Dudoit S, Ellis B, Gautier L, Ge Y, Gentry J, Hornik K, Hothorn T, Huber W, Iacus S, Irizarry R, Leisch F, Li C, Maechler M, Rossini AJ, Sawitzki G, Smith C, Smyth G, Tierney L, Yang JY, Zhang J (

) Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinfor- matics. Genome Biol.

, R

Gerdes LU, Jeune B, Ranberg KA, Nybo H, Vaupel JW (

) Estima- tion of apolipoprotein E genotype-specific relative mortality risks from the distribution of genotypes in centenarians and middle-aged men: apolipoprotein E gene is a ‘‘frailty gene,’’ not a ‘‘longevity gene’’. Genet. Epidemiol.

,

–

Gudmundsson H, Gudbjartsson DF, Frigge M, Gulcher JR, Stefansson K (

) Inheritance of human longevity in Iceland. Eur. J. Hum. Genet.

,

–

Harold D, Abraham R, Hollingworth P, Sims R, Gerrish A, Hamshere ML, Pahwa JS, Moskvina V, Dowzell K, Williams A, Jones N, Thomas C, Stretton A, Morgan AR, Lovestone S, Powell J, Proitsi P, Lupton MK, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Gill M, Lawlor B, Lynch A, Morgan K, Brown KS, Passmore PA, Craig D, M

uinness B, Todd S, Holmes C, Mann D, Smith AD, Love S, Kehoe PG, Hardy J, Mead S, Fox N, Rossor M, Collinge J, Maier W, Jessen F, Schurmann B, van den Bussche H, Heuser I, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J, Dichgans M, Frolich L, Hampel H, Hull M, Rujescu D, Goate AM, Kauwe JS, Cruchaga C, Nowotny P, Morris JC, Mayo K, Sleegers K, Bettens K, Engelborghs S, de Deyn PP, van Broeckhoven C, Livingston G, Bass NJ, Gurling H, M

uillin A, Gwilliam R, Deloukas P, Al-Chalabi A, Shaw CE, Tsolaki M, Singleton AB, Guerreiro R, Muhleisen TW, Nothen MM, Moebus S, Jockel KH, Klopp N, Wichmann HE, Carrasquillo MM, Pankratz VS, Younkin SG, Holmans PA, O’Donovan M, Owen MJ, Williams J (

) Genome-wide association study identifies variants at CLU and PICALM associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Nat. Genet.

,

–

Heath SC, Gut IG, Brennan P, M

ay JD, Bencko V, Fabianova E, Fore- tova L, Georges M, Janout V, Kabesch M, Krokan HE, Elvestad MB, Lissowska J, Mates D, Rudnai P, Skorpen F, Schreiber S, Soria JM, Syvanen AC, Meneton P, Hercberg S, Galan P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska

Exceptional longevity does not result in excessive levels of disability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

,

–

Cochran WG (

) Some methods for strengthening the common v

tests. Biometrics

,

–

Corder EH, Saunders AM, Strittmatter WJ, Schmechel DE, Gaskell PC, Small GW, Roses AD, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA (

) Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type

allele and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in late onset families. Science

,

–

Eichner JE, Kuller LH, Orchard TJ, Grandits GA, M

allum LM, Ferrell RE, Neaton JD (

) Relation of apolipoprotein E phenotype to myocardial infarction and mortality from coronary artery disease. Am. J. Cardiol.

,

–

Ewbank DC (

) Differences in the association between apolipopro- tein E genotype and mortality across populations. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.

,

–

Finch CE, Tanzi RE (

) Genetics of aging. Science

,

–

Flachsbart F, Caliebe A, Kleindorp R, Blanche H, von Eller-Eberstein H, Nikolaus S, Schreiber S, Nebel A (

) Association of FOXO

A vari- ation with human longevity confirmed in German centenarians. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

,

–

Fontana L, Partridge L, Longo VD (

) Extending healthy life span– from yeast to humans. Science

,

–

Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (

) Estimation of the con- centration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem.

,

–

Gentleman RC, Carey VJ, Bates DM, Bolstad B, Dettling M, Dudoit S, Ellis B, Gautier L, Ge Y, Gentry J, Hornik K, Hothorn T, Huber W, Iacus S, Irizarry R, Leisch F, Li C, Maechler M, Rossini AJ, Sawitzki G,

Longevity Study GWAS cases. References Abecasis GR, Cherny SS, Cookson WO, Cardon LR (

) GRR: graph- ical representation of relationship errors. Bioinformatics

,

–

Armitage P (

) Tests for linear trends in proportions and frequen- cies. Biometrics

,

–

Atzmon G, Schechter C, Greiner W, Davidson D, Rennert G, Barzilai N (

) Clinical phenotype of families with longevity. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.

,

–

Aulchenko YS, Ripatti S, Lindqvist I, Boomsma D, Heid IM, Pramstaller PP, Penninx BW, Janssens AC, Wilson JF, Spector T, Martin NG, Ped- ersen NL, Kyvik KO, Kaprio J, Hofman A, Freimer NB, Jarvelin MR, Gyllensten U, Campbell H, Rudan I, Johansson A, Marroni F, Hay- ward C, Vitart V, Jonasson I, Pattaro C, Wright A, Hastie N, Pichler I, Hicks AA, Falchi M, Willemsen G, Hottenga JJ, de Geus EJ, Mon- tgomery GW, Whitfield J, Magnusson P, Saharinen J, Perola M, Silander K, Isaacs A, Sijbrands EJ, Uitterlinden AG, Witteman JC, Oostra BA, Elliott P, Ruokonen A, Sabatti C, Gieger C, Meitinger T, Kronenberg F, Doring A, Wichmann HE, Smit JH, M

arthy MI, van Duijn CM, Peltonen L (

) Loci influencing lipid levels and coro- nary heart disease risk in

European population cohorts. Nat. Genet.

,

–

Beekman M, Blauw GJ, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Brandt BW, Westen- dorp RG, Slagboom PE (

) Chromosome

q

, microsomal transfer protein gene, and human longevity: novel data and a meta- analysis of association studies. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.

,

–

Beekman M, Nederstigt C, Suchiman HE, Kremer D, van der Breggen R, Lakenberg N, Alemayehu WG, de Craen AJ, Westendorp RG, Boomsma DI, de Geus EJ, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Heijmans BT, Slagboom PE (

) Genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identi- fied disease risk alleles do not compromise human longevity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

,

–

Bertram L, M

ueen MB, Mullin K, Blacker D, Tanzi RE (

) System- atic meta-analyses of Alzheimer disease genetic association studies: the Al

ene database. Nat. Genet.

,

–

Boerwinkle E, Utermann G (