Health practices.—Cigarette smoking was assessed by thefollowingquestion:“Doyousmokeregularlyatthepres- enttime?”Responseoptionswere“no”(coded0)and“yes” (coded1).Basedonrelativelydetailedinformationconcern- ingthefrequency,quantitiesandtypesofalcoholconsumed, wecodedparticipantsas“heavyalcoholdrinker”(defined ashavingatleast200gofliquoror400gofbeerperday) (code=1)versus“notheavyalcoholdrinker”(code=0). Exercisewasassessedbythefollowingquestion:“Doyou exercise regularly at the present time?” Response options were“yes”and“no,”coded1and0,respectively.

Thefrequencydistributionsofthe15covariatesincluded inourCoxproportionalhazardsregressionmodelsarenot presentedinthisarticleduetospacelimitation,andare availableuponrequest.

Deficits index.—We constructed an index of