What is a transactional data lake?
什么是交易性数据湖？
A data lake is a centralized repository that allows you to store all your structured and unstructured data at any scale. A data transaction is a series of data exchanges that are conducted in a single operation. For example, when a customer withdraws money from a bank account, the bank conducts several data exchanges at the same time in one data transaction, including verifying the account has sufficient balance, verifying identity, and debiting the withdrawal from the account. A transactional data lake is a type of data lake that not only stores data at scale but also supports transactional operations and ensures that data is accurate, consistent, and allows you to track how data and data structure changes over time. These properties are collectively known as Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (ACID):
Atomicity guarantees that each transaction is a single event that either succeeds or fails completely; there is no half-way status.
Consistency ensures that all data written is valid according to the defined rules of the data lake, ensuring that data is accurate and reliable.
Isolation ensures multiple transactions can occur at the same time without interfering with each other, ensuring that each transaction executes independently.
Durability means that data is not lost or corrupted once a transaction is submitted. Data can be recovered in the event of a system failure, such as a power outage.
数据湖是一个集中式存储库，允许您以任意规模存储所有结构化和非结构化数据。数据事务是在单个操作中进行的一系列数据交换。例如，当客户从银行账户提款时，银行在一次数据事务中同时进行多次数据交换，包括验证账户是否有足够的余额、验证身份以及从账户中扣除提款。事务性数据湖是一种数据湖类型，不仅可以大规模存储数据，还支持事务性操作，确保数据的准确性和一致性，并允许您跟踪数据和数据结构如何随着时间的推移而变化。这些特性统称为原子性、一致性、隔离性和耐久性 (ACID)：
原子性保证每个事务都是完全成功或完全失败的单一事件；不存在中间状态。
一致性确保根据数据湖的定义规则，写入的所有数据都是有效的，从而确保数据的准确性和可靠性。
隔离性确保多个事务可以同时发生而不会相互干扰，从而确保每个事务独立执行。
耐久性意味着事务提交后，数据不会丢失或损坏。发生系统故障（例如停电）时，可以恢复数据。