contract CErc20 is CToken, CErc20Interface {
    /**
     * @notice Initialize the new money market
     * @param underlying_ The address of the underlying asset
     * @param comptroller_ The address of the Comptroller
     * @param interestRateModel_ The address of the interest rate model
     * @param initialExchangeRateMantissa_ The initial exchange rate, scaled by 1e18
     * @param name_ ERC-20 name of this token
     * @param symbol_ ERC-20 symbol of this token
     * @param decimals_ ERC-20 decimal precision of this token
     */
    function initialize(address underlying_,
                        ComptrollerInterface comptroller_,
                        InterestRateModel interestRateModel_,
                        uint initialExchangeRateMantissa_,
                        string memory name_,
                        string memory symbol_,
                        uint8 decimals_) public {
        // CToken initialize does the bulk of the work
        super.initialize(comptroller_, interestRateModel_, initialExchangeRateMantissa_, name_, symbol_, decimals_);

        // Set underlying and sanity check it
        underlying = underlying_;
        EIP20Interface(underlying).totalSupply();
    }

    /*** User Interface ***/

    /**
     * @notice Sender supplies assets into the market and receives cTokens in exchange
     * @dev Accrues interest whether or not the operation succeeds, unless reverted
     * @param mintAmount The amount of the underlying asset to supply
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function mint(uint mintAmount) external returns (uint) {
        (uint err,) = mintInternal(mintAmount, false);
        return err;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sender redeems cTokens in exchange for the underlying asset
     * @dev Accrues interest whether or not the operation succeeds, unless reverted
     * @param redeemTokens The number of cTokens to redeem into underlying
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function redeem(uint redeemTokens) external returns (uint) {
        return redeemInternal(redeemTokens, false);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sender redeems cTokens in exchange for a specified amount of underlying asset
     * @dev Accrues interest whether or not the operation succeeds, unless reverted
     * @param redeemAmount The amount of underlying to redeem
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function redeemUnderlying(uint redeemAmount) external returns (uint) {
        return redeemUnderlyingInternal(redeemAmount, false);
    }

    /**
      * @notice Sender borrows assets from the protocol to their own address
      * @param borrowAmount The amount of the underlying asset to borrow
      * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
      */
    function borrow(uint borrowAmount) external returns (uint) {
        return borrowInternal(borrowAmount, false);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sender repays their own borrow
     * @param repayAmount The amount to repay
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function repayBorrow(uint repayAmount) external returns (uint) {
        (uint err,) = repayBorrowInternal(repayAmount, false);
        return err;
    }

    /**
     * @notice The sender liquidates the borrowers collateral.
     *  The collateral seized is transferred to the liquidator.
     * @param borrower The borrower of this cToken to be liquidated
     * @param repayAmount The amount of the underlying borrowed asset to repay
     * @param cTokenCollateral The market in which to seize collateral from the borrower
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function liquidateBorrow(address borrower, uint repayAmount, CTokenInterface cTokenCollateral) external returns (uint) {
        (uint err,) = liquidateBorrowInternal(borrower, repayAmount, cTokenCollateral, false);
        return err;
    }

    /**
     * @notice The sender adds to reserves.
     * @param addAmount The amount fo underlying token to add as reserves
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function _addReserves(uint addAmount) external returns (uint) {
        return _addReservesInternal(addAmount, false);
    }

    /*** Safe Token ***/

    /**
     * @notice Gets balance of this contract in terms of the underlying
     * @dev This excludes the value of the current message, if any
     * @return The quantity of underlying tokens owned by this contract
     */
    function getCashPrior() internal view returns (uint) {
        EIP20Interface token = EIP20Interface(underlying);
        return token.balanceOf(address(this));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Similar to EIP20 transfer, except it handles a False result from `transferFrom` and reverts in that case.
     *      This will revert due to insufficient balance or insufficient allowance.
     *      This function returns the actual amount received,
     *      which may be less than `amount` if there is a fee attached to the transfer.
     *
     *      Note: This wrapper safely handles non-standard ERC-20 tokens that do not return a value.
     *            See here: https://medium.com/coinmonks/missing-return-value-bug-at-least-130-tokens-affected-d67bf08521ca
     */
    function doTransferIn(address from, uint amount, bool isNative) internal returns (uint) {
        isNative; // unused

        EIP20NonStandardInterface token = EIP20NonStandardInterface(underlying);
        uint balanceBefore = EIP20Interface(underlying).balanceOf(address(this));
        token.transferFrom(from, address(this), amount);

        bool success;
        assembly {
            switch returndatasize()
                case 0 {                       // This is a non-standard ERC-20
                    success := not(0)          // set success to true
                }
                case 32 {                      // This is a compliant ERC-20
                    returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
                    success := mload(0)        // Set `success = returndata` of external call
                }
                default {                      // This is an excessively non-compliant ERC-20, revert.
                    revert(0, 0)
                }
        }
        require(success, "TOKEN_TRANSFER_IN_FAILED");

        // Calculate the amount that was *actually* transferred
        uint balanceAfter = EIP20Interface(underlying).balanceOf(address(this));
        return sub_(balanceAfter, balanceBefore);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Similar to EIP20 transfer, except it handles a False success from `transfer` and returns an explanatory
     *      error code rather than reverting. If caller has not called checked protocol's balance, this may revert due to
     *      insufficient cash held in this contract. If caller has checked protocol's balance prior to this call, and verified
     *      it is >= amount, this should not revert in normal conditions.
     *
     *      Note: This wrapper safely handles non-standard ERC-20 tokens that do not return a value.
     *            See here: https://medium.com/coinmonks/missing-return-value-bug-at-least-130-tokens-affected-d67bf08521ca
     */
    function doTransferOut(address payable to, uint amount, bool isNative) internal {
        isNative; // unused

        EIP20NonStandardInterface token = EIP20NonStandardInterface(underlying);
        token.transfer(to, amount);

        bool success;
        assembly {
            switch returndatasize()
                case 0 {                      // This is a non-standard ERC-20
                    success := not(0)          // set success to true
                }
                case 32 {                     // This is a complaint ERC-20
                    returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
                    success := mload(0)        // Set `success = returndata` of external call
                }
                default {                     // This is an excessively non-compliant ERC-20, revert.
                    revert(0, 0)
                }
        }
        require(success, "TOKEN_TRANSFER_OUT_FAILED");
    }

    /**
     * @notice Transfer `tokens` tokens from `src` to `dst` by `spender`
     * @dev Called by both `transfer` and `transferFrom` internally
     * @param spender The address of the account performing the transfer
     * @param src The address of the source account
     * @param dst The address of the destination account
     * @param tokens The number of tokens to transfer
     * @return Whether or not the transfer succeeded
     */
    function transferTokens(address spender, address src, address dst, uint tokens) internal returns (uint) {
        /* Fail if transfer not allowed */
        uint allowed = comptroller.transferAllowed(address(this), src, dst, tokens);
        if (allowed != 0) {
            return failOpaque(Error.COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, FailureInfo.TRANSFER_COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, allowed);
        }

        /* Do not allow self-transfers */
        if (src == dst) {
            return fail(Error.BAD_INPUT, FailureInfo.TRANSFER_NOT_ALLOWED);
        }

        /* Get the allowance, infinite for the account owner */
        uint startingAllowance = 0;
        if (spender == src) {
            startingAllowance = uint(-1);
        } else {
            startingAllowance = transferAllowances[src][spender];
        }

        /* Do the calculations, checking for {under,over}flow */
        accountTokens[src] = sub_(accountTokens[src], tokens);
        accountTokens[dst] = add_(accountTokens[dst], tokens);

        /* Eat some of the allowance (if necessary) */
        if (startingAllowance != uint(-1)) {
            transferAllowances[src][spender] = sub_(startingAllowance, tokens);
        }

        /* We emit a Transfer event */
        emit Transfer(src, dst, tokens);

        // unused function
        // comptroller.transferVerify(address(this), src, dst, tokens);

        return uint(Error.NO_ERROR);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Get the account's cToken balances
     * @param account The address of the account
     */
    function getCTokenBalanceInternal(address account) internal view returns (uint) {
        return accountTokens[account];
    }

    struct MintLocalVars {
        uint exchangeRateMantissa;
        uint mintTokens;
        uint actualMintAmount;
    }

    /**
     * @notice User supplies assets into the market and receives cTokens in exchange
     * @dev Assumes interest has already been accrued up to the current block
     * @param minter The address of the account which is supplying the assets
     * @param mintAmount The amount of the underlying asset to supply
     * @param isNative The amount is in native or not
     * @return (uint, uint) An error code (0=success, otherwise a failure, see ErrorReporter.sol), and the actual mint amount.
     */
    function mintFresh(address minter, uint mintAmount, bool isNative) internal returns (uint, uint) {
        /* Fail if mint not allowed */
        uint allowed = comptroller.mintAllowed(address(this), minter, mintAmount);
        if (allowed != 0) {
            return (failOpaque(Error.COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, FailureInfo.MINT_COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, allowed), 0);
        }

        /*
         * Return if mintAmount is zero.
         * Put behind `mintAllowed` for accuring potential COMP rewards.
         */
        if (mintAmount == 0) {
            return (uint(Error.NO_ERROR), 0);
        }

        /* Verify market's block number equals current block number */
        if (accrualBlockNumber != getBlockNumber()) {
            return (fail(Error.MARKET_NOT_FRESH, FailureInfo.MINT_FRESHNESS_CHECK), 0);
        }

        MintLocalVars memory vars;

        vars.exchangeRateMantissa = exchangeRateStoredInternal();

        /////////////////////////
        // EFFECTS & INTERACTIONS
        // (No safe failures beyond this point)

        /*
         *  We call `doTransferIn` for the minter and the mintAmount.
         *  Note: The cToken must handle variations between ERC-20 and ETH underlying.
         *  `doTransferIn` reverts if anything goes wrong, since we can't be sure if
         *  side-effects occurred. The function returns the amount actually transferred,
         *  in case of a fee. On success, the cToken holds an additional `actualMintAmount`
         *  of cash.
         */
        vars.actualMintAmount = doTransferIn(minter, mintAmount, isNative);

        /*
         * We get the current exchange rate and calculate the number of cTokens to be minted:
         *  mintTokens = actualMintAmount / exchangeRate
         */
        vars.mintTokens = div_ScalarByExpTruncate(vars.actualMintAmount, Exp({mantissa: vars.exchangeRateMantissa}));

        /*
         * We calculate the new total supply of cTokens and minter token balance, checking for overflow:
         *  totalSupply = totalSupply + mintTokens
         *  accountTokens[minter] = accountTokens[minter] + mintTokens
         */
        totalSupply = add_(totalSupply, vars.mintTokens);
        accountTokens[minter] = add_(accountTokens[minter], vars.mintTokens);

        /* We emit a Mint event, and a Transfer event */
        emit Mint(minter, vars.actualMintAmount, vars.mintTokens);
        emit Transfer(address(this), minter, vars.mintTokens);

        /* We call the defense hook */
        // unused function
        // comptroller.mintVerify(address(this), minter, vars.actualMintAmount, vars.mintTokens);

        return (uint(Error.NO_ERROR), vars.actualMintAmount);
    }

    struct RedeemLocalVars {
        uint exchangeRateMantissa;
        uint redeemTokens;
        uint redeemAmount;
        uint totalSupplyNew;
        uint accountTokensNew;
    }

    /**
     * @notice User redeems cTokens in exchange for the underlying asset
     * @dev Assumes interest has already been accrued up to the current block. Only one of redeemTokensIn or redeemAmountIn may be non-zero and it would do nothing if both are zero.
     * @param redeemer The address of the account which is redeeming the tokens
     * @param redeemTokensIn The number of cTokens to redeem into underlying
     * @param redeemAmountIn The number of underlying tokens to receive from redeeming cTokens
     * @param isNative The amount is in native or not
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function redeemFresh(address payable redeemer, uint redeemTokensIn, uint redeemAmountIn, bool isNative) internal returns (uint) {
        require(redeemTokensIn == 0 || redeemAmountIn == 0, "one of redeemTokensIn or redeemAmountIn must be zero");

        RedeemLocalVars memory vars;

        /* exchangeRate = invoke Exchange Rate Stored() */
        vars.exchangeRateMantissa = exchangeRateStoredInternal();

        /* If redeemTokensIn > 0: */
        if (redeemTokensIn > 0) {
            /*
             * We calculate the exchange rate and the amount of underlying to be redeemed:
             *  redeemTokens = redeemTokensIn
             *  redeemAmount = redeemTokensIn x exchangeRateCurrent
             */
            vars.redeemTokens = redeemTokensIn;
            vars.redeemAmount = mul_ScalarTruncate(Exp({mantissa: vars.exchangeRateMantissa}), redeemTokensIn);
        } else {
            /*
             * We get the current exchange rate and calculate the amount to be redeemed:
             *  redeemTokens = redeemAmountIn / exchangeRate
             *  redeemAmount = redeemAmountIn
             */
            vars.redeemTokens = div_ScalarByExpTruncate(redeemAmountIn, Exp({mantissa: vars.exchangeRateMantissa}));
            vars.redeemAmount = redeemAmountIn;
        }

        /* Fail if redeem not allowed */
        uint allowed = comptroller.redeemAllowed(address(this), redeemer, vars.redeemTokens);
        if (allowed != 0) {
            return failOpaque(Error.COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, FailureInfo.REDEEM_COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, allowed);
        }

        /*
         * Return if redeemTokensIn and redeemAmountIn are zero.
         * Put behind `redeemAllowed` for accuring potential COMP rewards.
         */
        if (redeemTokensIn == 0 && redeemAmountIn == 0) {
            return uint(Error.NO_ERROR);
        }

        /* Verify market's block number equals current block number */
        if (accrualBlockNumber != getBlockNumber()) {
            return fail(Error.MARKET_NOT_FRESH, FailureInfo.REDEEM_FRESHNESS_CHECK);
        }

        /*
         * We calculate the new total supply and redeemer balance, checking for underflow:
         *  totalSupplyNew = totalSupply - redeemTokens
         *  accountTokensNew = accountTokens[redeemer] - redeemTokens
         */
        vars.totalSupplyNew = sub_(totalSupply, vars.redeemTokens);
        vars.accountTokensNew = sub_(accountTokens[redeemer], vars.redeemTokens);

        /* Fail gracefully if protocol has insufficient cash */
        if (getCashPrior() < vars.redeemAmount) {
            return fail(Error.TOKEN_INSUFFICIENT_CASH, FailureInfo.REDEEM_TRANSFER_OUT_NOT_POSSIBLE);
        }

        /////////////////////////
        // EFFECTS & INTERACTIONS
        // (No safe failures beyond this point)

        /*
         * We invoke doTransferOut for the redeemer and the redeemAmount.
         *  Note: The cToken must handle variations between ERC-20 and ETH underlying.
         *  On success, the cToken has redeemAmount less of cash.
         *  doTransferOut reverts if anything goes wrong, since we can't be sure if side effects occurred.
         */
        doTransferOut(redeemer, vars.redeemAmount, isNative);

        /* We write previously calculated values into storage */
        totalSupply = vars.totalSupplyNew;
        accountTokens[redeemer] = vars.accountTokensNew;

        /* We emit a Transfer event, and a Redeem event */
        emit Transfer(redeemer, address(this), vars.redeemTokens);
        emit Redeem(redeemer, vars.redeemAmount, vars.redeemTokens);

        /* We call the defense hook */
        comptroller.redeemVerify(address(this), redeemer, vars.redeemAmount, vars.redeemTokens);

        return uint(Error.NO_ERROR);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Transfers collateral tokens (this market) to the liquidator.
     * @dev Called only during an in-kind liquidation, or by liquidateBorrow during the liquidation of another CToken.
     *  Its absolutely critical to use msg.sender as the seizer cToken and not a parameter.
     * @param seizerToken The contract seizing the collateral (i.e. borrowed cToken)
     * @param liquidator The account receiving seized collateral
     * @param borrower The account having collateral seized
     * @param seizeTokens The number of cTokens to seize
     * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
     */
    function seizeInternal(address seizerToken, address liquidator, address borrower, uint seizeTokens) internal returns (uint) {
        /* Fail if seize not allowed */
        uint allowed = comptroller.seizeAllowed(address(this), seizerToken, liquidator, borrower, seizeTokens);
        if (allowed != 0) {
            return failOpaque(Error.COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, FailureInfo.LIQUIDATE_SEIZE_COMPTROLLER_REJECTION, allowed);
        }

        /*
         * Return if seizeTokens is zero.
         * Put behind `seizeAllowed` for accuring potential COMP rewards.
         */
        if (seizeTokens == 0) {
            return uint(Error.NO_ERROR);
        }

        /* Fail if borrower = liquidator */
        if (borrower == liquidator) {
            return fail(Error.INVALID_ACCOUNT_PAIR, FailureInfo.LIQUIDATE_SEIZE_LIQUIDATOR_IS_BORROWER);
        }

        /*
         * We calculate the new borrower and liquidator token balances, failing on underflow/overflow:
         *  borrowerTokensNew = accountTokens[borrower] - seizeTokens
         *  liquidatorTokensNew = accountTokens[liquidator] + seizeTokens
         */
        accountTokens[borrower] = sub_(accountTokens[borrower], seizeTokens);
        accountTokens[liquidator] = add_(accountTokens[liquidator], seizeTokens);

        /* Emit a Transfer event */
        emit Transfer(borrower, liquidator, seizeTokens);

        /* We call the defense hook */
        // unused function
        // comptroller.seizeVerify(address(this), seizerToken, liquidator, borrower, seizeTokens);

        return uint(Error.NO_ERROR);
    }
}
/**
 * @title Compound's CErc20 Contract
 * @notice CTokens which wrap an EIP-20 underlying
 * @author Compound
 */
function redeemUnderlying(uint redeemAmount) external returns (uint) {
    return redeemUnderlyingInternal(redeemAmount, false);
}

/**
 * @notice Sender redeems cTokens in exchange for a specified amount of underlying asset
 * @dev Accrues interest whether or not the operation succeeds, unless reverted
 * @param redeemAmount The amount of underlying to redeem
 * @return uint 0=success, otherwise a failure (see ErrorReporter.sol for details)
 */