title: Treatment preferences in men with erectile dysfunction: an open label study in Korean men switching from sildenafil citrate to tadalafil. An open-label, multicenter, randomized, crossover study comparing sildenafil citrate and tadalafil for treating erectile dysfunction in Chinese men naïve to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor therapy A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover study to evaluate patient preference between tadalafil and sildenafil. A randomized clinical trial investigating treatment choice in Chinese men receiving sildenafil citrate and tadalafil for treating erectile dysfunction Efficacy of Tadalafil De-Escalation in the Treatment of Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction An analysis of treatment preferences and sexual quality of life outcomes in female partners of Chinese men with erectile dysfunction Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and possible risk factors among men of South-Western Nigeria: a population based study EDITS: development of questionnaires for evaluating satisfaction with treatments for erectile dysfunction. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover study of patient preference for tadalafil 20 mg or sildenafil citrate 50 mg during initiation of treatment for erectile dysfunction. Investigating women's preference for sildenafil or tadalafil use by their partners with erectile dysfunction: the partners' preference study. A 6-month, prospective, observational study of PDE5 inhibitor treatment persistence and adherence in Middle Eastern and North African men with erectile dysfunction Psychosocial outcomes after initial treatment of erectile dysfunction with tadalafil once daily, tadalafil on demand or sildenafil citrate on demand: results from a randomized, open-label study Adherence to initial PDE-5 inhibitor treatment: randomized open-label study comparing tadalafil once a day, tadalafil on demand, and sildenafil on demand in patients with erectile dysfunction. A randomized open-label trial with a crossover comparison of sexual self-confidence and other treatment outcomes following tadalafil once a day vs. tadalafil or sildenafil on-demand in men with erectile dysfunction. Switching patients with erectile dysfunction from sildenafil citrate to tadalafil: results of a European multicenter, open-label study of patient preference. Prospective, randomized, open-label, fixed-dose, crossover study to establish preference of patients with erectile dysfunction after taking the three PDE-5 inhibitors.
abstract: AIM To evaluate patient preferences for sildenafil citrate or tadalafil ( PDE-5 inhibitors available for the treatment of erectile dysfunction [ ED ] ) and assess potential reasons for these preferences . METHODS This open-label study was conducted on Korean men taking sildenafil , at least 6 weeks prior to study entry , for ED . Following screening , patients continued sildenafil treatment for 4 weeks , then after a 1-week washout period , switched to tadalafil for 8 weeks . Patients then continued with their treatment of choice during an extension phase . Psychosocial factors ( time concern , spontaneity , sexual self-confidence ) were evaluated using Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scales ( PAIRS ) , while timing of dose to sexual attempt patterns were assessed from patient diaries . RESULTS The present study enrolled 160 Korean men ( mean age 55 years ) with prior median sildenafil use of 585 days . During the extension phase , 73.7 % of patients elected to take tadalafil , whereas 26.3 % chose sildenafil ( P < 0.001 ) . After switching from sildenafil to tadalafil , mean PAIRS time concern scores decreased from 2.54 to 2.42 ( P = 0.002 ) , with no statistically significant differences observed between the sildenafil and tadalafil assessment phases in sexual spontaneity and self-confidence scores . Sexual attempts made > 4 h to =/ < 36 h post-dose occurred in 4.5 % of patients during the sildenafil assessment phase compared with 17.5 % during the tadalafil assessment phase . CONCLUSION After experiencing both sildenafil and tadalafil , the majority of patients exhibited a preference for tadalafil . This preference might be influenced by psychosocial factors , such as decreased time concerns , and a broader window of opportunity available for sexual activity The study was to compare treatment preference , efficacy , and tolerability of sildenafil citrate ( sildenafil ) and tadalafil for treating erectile dysfunction ( ED ) in Chinese men naοve to phosphodiesterase 5 ( PDE5 ) inhibitor therapies .  This multicenter , r and omized , open-label , crossover study evaluated whether Chinese men with ED preferred 20-mg tadalafil or 100-mg sildenafil . After a 4 weeks baseline assessment , 383 eligible patients were r and omized to sequential 20-mg tadalafil per 100-mg sildenafil or vice versa for 8 weeks respectively and then chose which treatment they preferred to take during the 8 weeks extension . Primary efficacy was measured by Question 1 of the PDE5 Inhibitor Treatment Preference Question naire ( PITPQ ) . Secondary efficacy was analyzed by PITPQ Question 2 , the International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) erectile function ( EF ) domain , sexual encounter profile ( SEP ) Questions 2 and 3 , and the Drug Attributes Question naire . Three hundred and fifty men ( 91 % ) completed the r and omized treatment phase . Two hundred and forty-two per 350 ( 69.1 % ) patients preferred 20-mg tadalafil , and 108/350 ( 30.9 % ) preferred 100-mg sildenafil ( P < 0.001 ) as their treatment in the 8 weeks extension . Ninety-two per 242 ( 38 % ) patients strongly preferred tadalafil and 37/108 ( 34.3 % ) strongly the preferred sildenafil . The SEP2 ( penetration ) , SEP3 ( successful intercourse ) , and IIEF-EF domain scores were improved in both tadalafil and sildenafil treatment groups . For patients who preferred tadalafil , getting an erection long after taking the medication was the most reported reason for tadalafil preference . The only treatment-emergent adverse event reported by > 2 % of men was headache . After tadalafil and sildenafil treatments , more Chinese men with ED naοve to PDE5 inhibitor preferred tadalafil . Both sildenafil and tadalafil treatments were effective and safe PURPOSE To assess  patient preference for erectile dysfunction  treatment between either sildenafil or tadalafil , each administered with their respective dosing instructions , and to evaluate preference for either sildenafil or tadalafil dosing instructions during tadalafil therapy . METHODS We conducted a r and omized , double-blind , crossover study consisting of four treatment arms . Because the dosing instructions for sildenafil and tadalafil are different , a unique methodology using sham placebo arms was employed to maintain the blind . To assess drug preference , 219 patients were r and omized to either sildenafil 50 mg or tadalafil 20 mg , with dosing instructions reflecting their respective product profiles . To assess dosing instruction preference during tadalafil therapy , 46 patients were r and omized to tadalafil 20 mg with either tadalafil or sildenafil dosing instructions . After 12 weeks , patients were crossed-over . After 4 weeks of each treatment , all patients following sildenafil dosing instructions were offered the opportunity for an upward dose titration . In a double-blind fashion , all patients who requested an upward titration received additional capsules . To mimic the pattern of dose usage observed in clinical practice , the number of patients who received additional double-blind active medication was limited to 35 % of patients taking sildenafil  in each treatment period in each country . Following the crossover treatment period , patients chose their preferred double-blind treatment with dosing instructions to receive in the 12-week extension period . RESULTS In the drug preference assessment , 132 of 181 ( 73 % ) evaluable patients chose to receive tadalafil ( p < 0.001 ) during the extension period . In the dosing instruction preference assessment , 24 of 36 ( 67 % ) evaluable patients preferred tadalafil with tadalafil dosing instructions ( p = 0.046 ) . Sildenafil and tadalafil were well tolerated . CONCLUSIONS In the doses utilized in this study , 73 % of patients preferred tadalafil with tadalafil dosing instructions for the treatment of their erectile dysfunction over sildenafil with sildenafil dosing instructions . During tadalafil therapy , 67 % of patients preferred tadalafil dosing instructions over sildenafil dosing instructions Sildenafil and tadalafil are efficacious and well tolerated in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction ( ED ) . Recent study results indicate that men with ED in China who were naïve to phosphodiesterase inhibitor type 5 ( PDE5 ) therapy prefer tadalafil 20-mg ( on-dem and ) versus sildenafil 100-mg ( on-dem and ) . Differences in psychosocial outcomes may help to explain treatment preference in favor of tadalafil . This open-label , r and omized , crossover study compared psychosocial outcomes and drug attribute choices between tadalafil and sildenafil in Chinese men with ED naïve to PDE5 inhibitor therapy . Eligible patients were r and omized to sequential 20-mg tadalafil/100-mg sildenafil ( n = 190 ) or 100-mg sildenafil/20-mg tadalafil ( n = 193 ) for 8 weeks each and were asked which treatment they preferred to take for the 8-week extension phase . Psychosocial outcomes were assessed using the Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scale ( PAIRS ) , Drug Attributes Question naire ( DRAQ ) , and Sexual Life Quality Question naire ( SLQQ ) . When taking tadalafil versus sildenafil , men had a higher mean endpoint score on the PAIRS Spontaneity Domain  ( tadalafil = 2.86 vs sildenafil = 2.72 ; P < 0.001 ) , and a lower mean endpoint score on the Time Concerns Domain ( tadalafil = 2.41 vs sildenafil = 2.55 ; P < 0.001 ) . A numerical increase in the Sexual Self-Confidence Domain was observed when taking tadalafil versus sildenafil ( tadalafil = 2.76 vs sildenafil = 2.72 ; P = 0.102 ) . The most frequently chosen drug attributes explaining treatment preference were able to get an erection long after having drug , and ability to get an erection every time . SLQQ results were comparable between treatment groups . These psychosocial outcomes may explain why more Chinese men preferred tadalafil versus sildenafil for the treatment of ED in this clinical trial Objectives : To assess the efficacy of tadalafil de-escalation in the therapeutic effects of psychogenic erectile dysfunction ( ED ) during the 3 months extension phase . Methods : A total of 90 men with mild to severe psychogenic ED were r and omly divided into 2 groups : tadalafil 5 mg group and tadalafil de-escalation group . Efficacy assessment s included the 5-item version of International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF-5 ) , the Sexual Encounter Profile ( SEP ) question naires , Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scales ( PAIRS ) , Erection Hardness Score ( EHS ) . Results : Compared with the baseline , tadalafil 5 mg and de-escalation groups enhanced all efficacy outcomes . Patients receiving tadalafil 5 mg and de-escalation experienced a significant mean improvement in the psychogenic erectile function domain of the IIEF-5 from the baseline ( p < 0.01 ) . The mean change from baseline was significantly higher for the tadalafil de-escalation group than for the tadalafil 5 mg group ( p < 0.05 ) . Response to SEP3 , PAIRS and EHS was significantly higher in the tadalafil de-escalation group than in the tadalafil 5 mg group ( p < 0.05 ) . The severity of ED in the tadalafil de-escalation group had reduced after treatment . It was also significantly better than those in the tadalafil 5 mg group ( p < 0.05 ) . Conclusion : Tadalafil de-escalation significantly improved the erectile function among psychogenic ED patients . This implies that tadalafil de-escalation treatment for psychogenic ED is worthy of further clinical practice and research The impact of erectile dysfunction is distressing to both males and their female partners , but less attention has been paid to identify female partners′ preferred treatment and sexual quality of life outcomes . The present analysis explores female partners′ treatment preference for erectile dysfunction in Chinese Men . This was a phase 4 , r and omized , open-label , multicenter , crossover study in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction who were naïve to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor treatments . Eligible patients were r and omized to sequential 20-mg tadalafil/100-mg sildenafil or 100-mg sildenafil/20-mg tadalafil for 8 weeks each . Of 418 patients , female partners of 64 patients agreed to enter the study ; of 64 patients who entered the study with female partners , 63 were r and omized , and 62 completed the study . Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were comparable between treatment groups . Significantly more couples preferred tadalafil compared with sildenafil overall ( 75.4 % vs 24.6 % ; P < 0.001 ) , and irrespective of erectile dysfunction severity at baseline ( P ≤ 0.005 ) . Significant improvements in sexual quality of life scores were reported at endpoint ( Visit 8) in male patients and female partners in both tadalafil and sildenafil treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . Significantly higher mean changes from baseline were observed for male patients in the tadalafil group compared with the sildenafil group for the erectile function ( P = 0.013 ) and overall satisfaction ( P = 0.019 ) International Index for Erectile Function domains and the spontaneity domain ( P < 0.001 ) of the Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scale . No major safety concerns were reported during the study . Though both treatments were effective , safe , and tolerable , more couples preferred tadalafil compared with sildenafil Introduction Erectile dysfunction ( ED ) is currently one of the most common sexual dysfunctions worldwide but it is usually underestimated because it is not a life threatening condition . The associated stigma makes men who have it to suffer in silence . This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and the possible associated risk factors among Nigerian men . Methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional population based survey  among men aged 30 - 80 years in Ogbomoso , South-west , Nigeria . A multistage r and om sampling method was used . The instrument used was the  International Index of Erectile Function Question naire-5 ( IIEF-5 ) . Unadjusted odds ratios of possible risk factors were calculated by univariate analyses . Binary logistic regression analysis was used to eliminate the effect of possible confounders on the risk factors to get the adjusted odds ratios . Results The general prevalence of ED in this study was 58.9 % . Sixty-seven ( 47.2 % ) , 16 ( 11.3 % ) and 59(41.5 % ) respondents had mild , moderate and severe ED respectively . Age , hypertension , use of anti-hypertensive drugs , diabetes mellitus and heart disease all had significant unadjusted associations with ED , but their adjusted associations were not statistically significant . Diabetes mellitus maintained a positive statistically significant relationship with ED after adjustment for potential confounders [ OR= 8.31(95 % CI 1.02 - 67.65 ) , P= 0.048 ] . Conclusion The prevalence of ED is high among south-western Nigeria male adults . Physicians , especially primary care ones , need to pay more attention to the sexual history of their patients in order to diagnose and manage ED more frequently OBJECTIVES To develop Patient and Partner versions of a psychometrically sound question naire , the EDITS ( Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction ) , to assess satisfaction with medical treatments for erectile dysfunction . METHODS Treatment satisfaction differs from treatment efficacy as it focuses on a person 's subjective evaluation of treatment received . Twenty-nine items representing the domain of treatment satisfaction for men and 20 representing partner satisfaction were generated . Two independent sample s of 28 and 29 couples completed all items at two points in time . Spearman rank-order correlations were derived to assess test-retest reliability and couple coefficients of validity . Internal consistency coefficients were calculated for both Patient and Partner versions and a content validity panel was used to analyze content validity . RESULTS Only items that met all the following criteria were selected to comprise the final question naires : ( a ) range of response four or more out of five ; ( b ) test-retest reliability greater than 0.70 ; ( c ) ratings by at least 70 % of the content validity panel as belonging in and being important for the domain ; and ( d ) significant correlation between the subjects ' and partners ' responses . Eleven patient items met criteria and formed the Patient EDITS ; five partner items met criteria and formed the Partner EDITS . Scores on the two inventories were normally distributed with internal consistencies of 0.90 and 0.76 , respectively . Test-retest reliability for the Patient EDITS was 0.98 ; for the Partner EDITS , it was 0.83 . CONCLUSIONS Reliability and validity were well established , enabling the EDITSs to be used to assess satisfaction with treatment modalities for erectile dysfunction and to explore the impact of patient and partner satisfaction on treatment continuation BACKGROUND Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 ( PDE5 ) inhibitor approved in > 30 countries for the treatment of erectile dysfunction ( ED ) . It has been shown to improve erectile function compared with placebo in Phase III studies , but clinical experience comparing tadalafil with the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil citrate is lacking . OBJECTIVE This study compared patient preference for tadalafil 20 mg or sildenafil 50 mg during initial treatment for ED . It also compared the tolerability of the 2 agents at these doses . METHODS This r and omized , double-blind , fixed-dose , 2-period crossover trial took place at 13 sites in the United States and Germany . Patients were r and omized 1:1 to receive 4 weeks of treatment with tadalafil 20 mg or sildenafil 50 mg , followed by the alternative treatment , to be taken as needed up to once daily before sexual activity . RESULTS The study enrolled 215 men with ED , 109 r and omized to the tadalafil-sildenafil sequence and 106 to the sildenafil-tadalafil sequence . Their mean age was 49.8 years ; 84.7 % were sildenafil naive and 15.3 % had undergone a previous inadequate trial of sildenafil . Most patients had moderate ED ( 60.5 % ) of > or=1 year 's duration ( 74.9 % ) . Of 190 evaluable patients , 126 ( 66.3 % ) preferred to initiate treatment with tadalafil , compared with 64 ( 33.7 % ) with sildenafil ( P < 0.001 ) . Patients ' preference did not differ by age , duration of ED , treatment sequence , or previous sildenafil exposure . Both medications were well tolerated , with no significant differences in the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events . Headache ( 11.2 % tadalafil , 8.8 % sildenafil ) , dyspepsia ( 6.0 % and 4.2 % , respectively ) , nasopharyngitis ( 4.7 % and 2.8 % ) , and flushing ( 2.8 % and 4.7 % ) were the most common adverse events . The rate of ocular disturbances was low : 1 patient experienced intermittent bilateral reduction in visual acuity with tadalafil , and 2 exhibited conjunctival hyperemia or eyelid edema with sildenafil . CONCLUSIONS Tadalafil 20 mg was preferred to sildenafil 50 mg for the initiation of ED therapy in this study population . Both medications were well tolerated INTRODUCTION Several preference studies comparing a short-acting with a longer-acting phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor have been conducted in men . Most men in those studies preferred tadalafil rather than sildenafil , and recent post hoc analysis of one study described several factors associated with men 's treatment preference . No prospect i ve studies have investigated the woman partners ' preferences . AIM To investigate the treatment preference of women who were partners of men using oral medications for erectile dysfunction ( ED ) in a single-center open-label crossover study . METHODS One hundred heterosexual couples in stable relationships , with male partners having ED based on the erectile function subscale of the International Index of Erectile Function , were r and omly assigned to receive sildenafil or tadalafil for a 12-week phase , followed by another 12-week period using the alternate drug . Male and female participants completed sexual event diaries during both study phases , and the female participants were interviewed at baseline , midpoint , and end of study . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome data were the women 's final interviews during which they were asked which drug they preferred and their reasons for that preference . RESULTS A total of 79.2 % of the women preferred their partners ' use of tadalafil , while 15.6 % preferred sildenafil . Preference was not affected by age or treatment order r and omization . Women preferring tadalafil reported feeling more relaxed , experiencing less pressure , and enjoying a more natural or spontaneous sexual experience as reasons for their choice . Mean number of tablets used , events recorded , events per week , and days between events were not significantly different during each study phase . CONCLUSION Women 's preferences were similar to men when using these two drugs . While the women 's reasons for preferring tadalafil emphasized relaxed , satisfying , longer-lasting sexual experiences , those preferring sildenafil focused on satisfaction and drug effectiveness for their partner Abstract Background : Erectile dysfunction ( ED ) negatively impacts quality of life .  Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors ( PDE5Is ) are effective in treating ED ; however , rates of discontinuation remain high . Objectives : To assess on-dem and PDE5I treatment persistence and adherence through 6 months in Middle Eastern and North African ( MENA ) men with ED in a prospect i ve , non-interventional , observational trial . Research design and methods : Enrolled men were ≥18 years old from Saudi Arabia , Egypt , and the United Arab Emirates , PDE5I naïve , and sexually active .  PDE5Is were selected per routine clinical practice . Persistence was defined as use of ≥1 dose during the prior 4 weeks , adherence as compliance with dosing instructions during the most recent dose . Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with persistence and adherence . Main outcome measures : Persistence and Adherence Question naire ; Partner Relationship Question naire ; Self-Esteem and Relationship Question naire ; International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) ; Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction . Results : Patients ’ ( n = 493 ) mean age was 49.8 years , mean BMI was 29.3 , and the majority ( n = 354 , 71.8 % ) were from Saudi Arabia .  Tadalafil was the most prescribed PDE5I ( 69.6 % ) , versus sildenafil ( 15.4 % ) , or vardenafil ( 15.0 % ) . Patients ’ mean IIEF – Erectile Function scores improved from moderate to mild and Erection Hardness Scores ( SD ) improved from 1.8 ( 1.0 ) at baseline to 3.5 ( 0.7 ) at 6 months . At 6 months , 64.9 % of patients were treatment persistent ( tadalafil , 68.8 % , sildenafil , 65.8 % , and vardenafil , 45.9 % ) and 59.6 % were adherent . Factors significantly predictive ( p < 0.05 ) of persistence at 6 months included age , employment status , and ED severity . Factors significantly predictive of adherence were age , employment status , and duration of ED . Interpretation of differences between drugs was limited by substantial differences in prescription rates between countries . Conclusions : At 6 months , 64.9 % of men were treatment persistent . In this study , age , employment status , ED severity , and duration of ED were associated with persistence and /or adherence Initiation of ED treatment with a particular PDE5I may influence treatment-adherence and other outcomes . In this multicenter , open-label study , men with ED , naïve to PDE5I , were r and omized to tadalafil 5 mg once-a-day ( OaD ; N=257 ) , 10 mg on dem and ( PRN ; N=252 ) or sildenafil-citrate ( sildenafil ) 50 mg PRN ( N=261 ) for 8 weeks ( dose adjustments allowed ) , followed by 16 weeks of pragmatic treatment ( switching between PDE5I allowed ) . Primary outcomes ( treatment-adherence ) were reported previously . Here , we report effects on : Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scales , Self-Esteem and Relationship ( SEAR ) question naire , ED Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction ( EDITS ) , International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) , Sexual Encounter Profile ( SEP ) and Global Assessment Questions ( GAQ ) . Mixed-model for repeated measures and analysis of covariance were used to analyze changes from baseline ; GAQ-responses were evaluated by logistic regression . Analyses were adjusted for treatment , country , ED-severity , baseline and baseline-by-treatment interaction . Patients r and omized to tadalafil OaD or PRN reported greater improvement ( least-square mean ( s.e . ) change ) in Sexual Self-Confidence ( OaD + 0.90 ( 0.048 ) , PRN + 0.93 ( 0.050 ) , vs + 0.73 ( 0.049 ) ; P=0.006 and P=0.001 ) and Spontaneity ( OaD + 0.11 ( 0.035 ) , PRN + 0.13 ( 0.035 ) , vs + 0.02 ( 0.035 ) ; P=0.044 and P=0.010 ) compared with sildenafil . Improvements in GAQ and SEP responses , IIEF-EF , orgasmic function , sexual desire , overall satisfaction domains , SEAR and EDITS scores did not differ significantly between treatment groups INTRODUCTION Phosphodiesterase type 5 ( PDE-5 ) inhibitor treatment for erectile dysfunction ( ED ) is frequently discontinued ; adherence may vary depending on the initial regimen . AIM To evaluate the effects of initiating treatment with tadalafil once a day ( OaD ) , tadalafil on dem and ( pro re nata [ PRN ] ) , or sildenafil PRN on treatment adherence . METHODS In this multicenter , open-label study , men ( ≥ 18 years ) with ED , naïve to PDE-5 inhibitors , were r and omized ( 1:1:1 ) to tadalafil 5 mg OaD , tadalafil 10 mg PRN , or sildenafil 50 mg PRN . An 8-week r and omized treatment ( RT ) period ( dose adjustment possible ) was succeeded by 16 weeks of pragmatic treatment ( switches between PDE-5 inhibitors allowed ) . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Treatment adherence was measured as time to discontinuation of RT ( any cause ) , estimated by Kaplan-Meier product-limit method . Treatment-group differences were estimated as hazard ratio ( HR ; Cox proportional hazards ) . RESULTS Seven hundred seventy patients ( mean age 53 years ) were r and omized to tadalafil OaD ( N = 257 ) , tadalafil PRN ( N = 252 ) , and sildenafil PRN ( N = 261 ) . Kaplan-Meier estimates for patients discontinuing RT were 52.2 , 42.0 , and 66.7 % , respectively . Median time to discontinuation of RT was significantly longer for tadalafil OaD and PRN ( 130 and > 168 days ) compared with sildenafil ( 67 days ) ( HR [ 97.5 % confidence interval ] : 0.66 [ 0.51 , 0.85 ] and 0.49 [ 0.37 , 0.65 ] ; P < 0.001 ) . Reasons for discontinuation with significant differences between groups ( P < 0.05 ) included " lack of efficacy ( duration of erection ) " ( sildenafil 9.2 % vs. tadalafil OaD 4.3 % , PRN 2.8 % ) , " time constraints due to short window of action "  ( sildenafil 4.2 % vs. tadalafil OaD 0 % , PRN 0.4 % ) , and " feel medication controls my sexual life "  ( sildenafil 2.7 % vs. tadalafil OaD 0 % ) . No between-group differences were found in International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain change from baseline to end of RT ( least squares mean : 9.4 - 10.0 , P = 0.359 ) or discontinuations due to adverse events ( 1.2 - 1.6 % ) . The most common adverse event ( ≥ 4 % ) was headache . CONCLUSIONS ED patients assigned to tadalafil OaD or PRN adhered significantly longer to initial treatment than patients assigned to sildenafil PRN . Improvement of erectile function and safety profiles were similar in all three treatment groups AIM To compare Sexual Self-Confidence and other treatment outcomes following 8 weeks of treatment with tadalafil 5 mg once a day ( OaD ) vs. tadalafil 20 mg or sildenafil 100 mg as needed ( pro re nata [ PRN ] ) in patients with erectile dysfunction ( ED ) . METHODS A r and omized , open-label , crossover study in men ≥18 years of age with history of ED and satisfactory response to current oral phosphodiesterase 5 ( PDE5 ) inhibitor PRN . Data were analyzed with a mixed effects model for crossover design . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the Sexual Self-Confidence domain of the Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scales ( PAIRS ) between tadalafil OaD and sildenafil PRN . SECONDARY OUTCOMES INCLUDED : Time Concerns and Spontaneity domains of PAIRS , and the Self-Esteem and Relationship ( SEAR ) scale . RESULTS Men naive to tadalafil OaD were enrolled ( N = 378 ) , with 61 - 69 % prior PDE5 inhibitor use . There were improvements in all PAIRS domains from baseline when comparing tadalafil OaD and PRN with sildenafil PRN ( P < 0.001 ) . The Sexual Self-Confidence domain improved from baseline and was 0.50 ± 0.78 following tadalafil OaD , 0.5 ± 0.72 for tadalafil PRN , and 0.39 ± 0.67 for sildenafil PRN . The difference in least-squares mean was 0.12 ± 0.04 ( confidence interval [ CI ] = 0.04 , 0.19 ; P = 0.001 ) between tadalafil OaD and sildenafil PRN and 0.01 ± 0.04 ( CI = -0.06 , 0.08 ; P = 0.872 ) between tadalafil OaD and tadalafil PRN . The Time Concerns domain score was lower with tadalafil OaD than tadalafil PRN ( P < 0.001 ) . There were no differences in SEAR scores between treatments . CONCLUSIONS Tadalafil OaD and tadalafil PRN compared with sildenafil PRN demonstrated greater improvements in Sexual Self-Confidence , Time Concerns , and Spontaneity . There was no significant difference in Sexual Self-Confidence between tadalafil OaD and tadalafil PRN . Changes in SEAR , the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function , and the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction scores from baseline to end point were similar BACKGROUND Three inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 5 ( PDE5 ) are now available for the treatment of erectile dysfunction ( ED ) : sildenafil citrate , vardenafil , and tadalafil . Pharmacologic differences between these compounds may result in patient preferences for one over another and may influence treatment decisions made by the physician and patient . Therefore , clinical research is needed to investigate whether individual properties of the PDE5 inhibitors play a role in shaping patient preference . OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine what proportion of ED patients currently taking sildenafil  would , after a period of treatment with tadalafil , elect to resume treatment with sildenafil at the customary dose and what proportion would elect a switch to tadalafil 20 mg for a longer period . The tolerability of both treatments was also investigated . METHODS This was a short-term , multicenter , open-label , 1-way crossover trial conducted in Sweden and Italy . Eligible patients included men aged > or=18 years with a minimum 3-month history of ED who had been taking sildenafil at stable fixed doses of 25 , 50 , or 100 mg as needed for at least 6 weeks and up to 24 weeks . The study consisted of 6 phases : a 1-week screening phase , a 3-week sildenafil assessment phase , a 1-week washout phase , a 6-week tadalafil initiation phase , a 3-week tadalafil assessment phase , and a 6-month extension phase , during which patients received their treatment of choice free of charge . The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients electing to take sildenafil or tadalafil during the extension phase . RESULTS Of 155 men enrolled , 147 ( 97.8 % ) completed the assessment phases of the trial . Of these 147 men , 133 ( 90.5 % ) elected to receive tadalafil in the 6-month extension phase and 14 ( 9.5 % ) elected to receive sildenafil ( P < 0.001 ) . The proportions preferring tadalafil to sildenafil  were similar irrespective of age group ( > or=50 years , 92 % ; < 50 years , 90 % ) , severity of ED ( mild , 95 % ; moderate , 88 % ; severe , 96 % ) , etiology of ED ( psychogenic , 94 % ; organic , 91 % ; mixed , 87 % ) , and  sildenafil dose at study entry ( 50 mg , 90 % ; 100 mg , 89 % ) . Both medications were well tolerated . The most common treatment-emergent adverse events occurring in > or=2 % of patients during the tadalafil assessment phase included headache ( 4.8 % ) , nasal congestion ( 4.1 % ) , dyspepsia ( 3.4 % ) , flushing ( 2.7 % ) , back pain ( 2.0 % ) , diarrhea ( 2.0 % ) , and nausea ( 2.0 % ) ; the most common treatment-emergent adverse events during the sildenafil assessment phase were flusing ( 7.1 % ) , nasal congestion ( 6.5 % ) , headache ( 4.5 % ) , and nasopharyngitis ( 3.2 % ) . CONCLUSIONS In this short-term , open-label study , patients who were currently taking sildenafil for ED and then received  tadalafil preferred to continue oral therapy with tadalafil over sildenafil by a ratio of approximately 9:1 . Although the study sought to mimic the experience of actual patients receiving treatment for ED , the results are subject to potential limitations due to the design of the study , which included differences in dosing instructions and dosages for sildenafil and tadalafil . Both sildenafil and tadalafil were well tolerated INTRODUCTION We conducted a prospect i ve , r and omized , open-label , fixed-dose preference study , with a crossover design , using sildenafil , vardenafil , and tadalafil . AIM To assess patient preference for sildenafil ( 100 mg ) , vardenafil ( 20 mg ) , and tadalafil ( 20 mg ) for the treatment of  erectile dysfunction .  Secondary objectives included finding out whether patients would follow treatment with a second or third option , in the event that the preferred drug was not available , and to assess side effects . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patient preference for any treatment , and evaluation of the elements that patients would assess when choosing one of these drugs . MATERIAL AND METHODS Sildenafil ( 100 mg ) , vardenafil ( 20 mg ) , and tadalafil ( 20 mg ) were taken at least six times over a period of 45 - 60 days with a washout period of 7 days . A total of 132 patients were enrolled to achieve a valid sample of 90 cases ( 15 per r and omized group , total of six groups ) . Enrolled patients had mild to moderate erectile function . RESULTS The International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) score improved from baseline and was statistically significant in all cases ( P < 0.0001 ) . When we compared the IIEF scores , we found a statistically significant difference between tadalafil and vardenafil ( P = 0.0002 ) favoring the former ; similar results were obtained with the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory for Treatment Satisfaction ( EDITS ) Question naire ( P = 0.000075 ) . We also found a significant difference ( P = 0.012 ) between tadalafil and sildenafil , again in favor of the former . In assessing drug preference , 25 patients ( 27.77 % ) chose sildenafil , 18 ( 20 % ) vardenafil , and 47 ( 52.22 % ) tadalafil . A total of 94 % of patients would be willing to take another drug if the preferred choice was not available . All drugs were well tolerated . CONCLUSIONS Although this is a preference study based on subjective elements , statistically significant differences comparing the IIEF score and the EDITS Question naire lead us to believe that beyond patients ' subjective preference per se , said preference is probably also based on a genuinely superior response to one drug over another
target: In the meta- analysis , tadalafil and sildenafil appeared to have similar efficacies and overall adverse event rates .
  However , compared with sildenafil , tadalafil significantly improved psychological outcomes .
  Furthermore , the patients and their partners preferred tadalafil over sildenafil , and no significant difference was found in the adherence and persistence rates between tadalafil and sildenafil .
  Additionally , the myalgia and back pain rates were higher and the flushing rate was lower with tadalafil than with sildenafil .
  Conclusion Tadalafil shares a similar efficacy and safety with sildenafil and significantly improves patients ’ sexual confidence .
  Furthermore , patients and their partners prefer tadalafil to sildenafil .
  Hence , tadalafil may be a better choice for ED treatment
background: Aims Erectile dysfunction ( ED ) is a major care problem worldwide .
  Tadalafil and sildenafil are the two most common phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors used to treat ED .
  This systematic review and meta- analysis were conducted to directly compare tadalafil with sildenafil for the treatment of ED .