title: A single consumption of curry improved postprandial endothelial function in healthy male subjects: a randomized, controlled crossover trial Chinese herbal medicine for impaired glucose tolerance: a randomized placebo controlled trial Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial. Curcuminoids exert glucose-lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management in obese subjects: a randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical study Meriva®, a lecithinized curcumin delivery system, in diabetic microangiopathy and retinopathy. The effect of nano-curcumin on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile in diabetic subjects: a randomized clinical trial Efficacy of Turmeric as Adjuvant Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of oral Curcuma extract in patients with colorectal cancer. Curcumin attenuates urinary excretion of albumin in type II diabetic patients with enhancing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) system and repressing inflammatory signaling efficacies. Evaluation of the effect of curcumin capsules on glyburide therapy in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Efficacy and Safety of the Dietary Supplement DBCare® in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Inadequate Glycemic Control Curcumin Lowers Serum Lipids and Uric Acid in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial Effect of NCB-02, Atorvastatin and Placebo on Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Oral supplementation of turmeric attenuates proteinuria, transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-8 levels in patients with overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy: A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study Curcuminoids modify lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Effects of supplementation with curcumin on serum adipokine concentrations: A randomized controlled trial. Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial.
abstract: Background Curry , one of the most popular foods in Japan , contains spices that are rich in potentially antioxidative compounds , such as curcumin and eugenol . Oxidative stress is thought to impair endothelial function associated with atherosclerosis , a leading cause of cardiovascular events . The aim of this study was to determine whether a single consumption of curry meal would improve endothelial function in healthy men . Methods Fourteen healthy male subjects ( BMI 23.7 ± 2.7 kg/m2 ; age 45 ± 9 years ) were given a single serving of curry meal or spice-free control meal ( 180 g of curry or control and 200 g of cooked rice ; approximately 500 kcal in total ) in a r and omized , controlled crossover design . Before and 1 hr after the consumption , fasting and postpr and ial flow-mediated vasodilation ( FMD ) responses and other parameters were measured . Results The consumption of the control meal decreased FMD from 5.8 ± 2.4 % to 5.1 ± 2.3 % ( P = 0.039 ) . On the other h and , the consumption of the curry meal increased FMD from 5.2 ± 2.5 % to 6.6 ± 2.0 % ( P = 0.001 ) , and the postpr and ial FMD after the curry meal was higher than that after the control meal ( P = 0.002 ) . Presence of spices in the curry did not alter significantly the systemic and forearm hemodynamics , or any biochemical parameters including oxidative stress markers measured . Conclusions These findings suggest that the consumption of curry ameliorates postpr and ial endothelial function in healthy male subjects and may be beneficial for improving cardiovascular health . Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry 000012012 Background Diabetes remains a major health problem worldwide . Low-risk low-cost alternatives to pharmaceutical interventions are needed where lifestyle modifications have failed . We conducted a double-blind r and omised placebo controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula , Jiangtang Xiaozhi , in treating impaired glucose control and insulin resistance in persons with prediabetes and controlled diabetes . Methods Seventy-one patients with prediabetes or ‘ controlled ’ diabetes were r and omised to receive 3 capsules of Jiangtang Xiaozhi ( n = 39 ) or placebo ( n = 32 ) three times daily for 16 weeks with a follow up eight weeks later ( week 24 ) . The primary outcome was change in glycaemic control as evidence d by fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) , post-pr and ial plasma glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) . Other measures included change in fasting insulin , insulin resistance and sensitivity , lipids , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , body mass index ( BMI ) , waist girth , blood pressure ( BP ) , health related quality of life ( HRQoL ) and safety . Analysis of covariance ( ANCOVA ) was used to model outcomes at 16 weeks , by treatment group corrected for baseline level of the outcome variable . Results In patients receiving Jiangtang Xiaozhi , FBG was not significantly different ( p = 0.73 ) compared to placebo after 16 weeks of treatment ( 6.3 ± 1.1 mmol/L vs 6.7 ± 1.3 mmol/L ) . There was a significant difference ( p = 0.04 ) in the mean levels of fasting insulin between the treatment group ( 11.6 ± 5.5 mmol/L ) and the placebo group ( 22.1 ± 25.9 mmol/L ) . Insulin resistance slightly decreased in the treatment group ( 1.58 ± 0.74 ) compared to that of the placebo group ( 2.43 ± 1.59 ) but this change did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.06 ) . Patients taking Jiangtang Xiaozhi had a significant improvement in high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) level compared to the placebo group at week 16 ( p = 0.03 ) . Mean levels of cholesterol , triglycerides , BMI , waist-girth , HRQoL , BP , CRP and insulin sensitivity were not significantly different between the two groups . The herbal medicine was well tolerated . Conclusions In the current study , the 16 week Jiangtang Xiaozhi treatment did not lower fasting blood glucose , but it improved serum  insulin and HDL cholesterol in a Western population with prediabetes or controlled diabetes . Our trial may have been underpowered . Dosage needs to be considered before commencing a longer adequately powered trial . Trial registration Australian New Zeal and Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000128897;https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/ Registration /Trial Review Curcumin is a phytocompound found in the root of turmeric , a common herbal ingredient in many Asian cuisines . The compound contains anti-inflammatory activity , which is mediated through an up-regulation of adiponectin and reduction of leptin . Consumption of curcumin was shown to prevent some deteriorative conditions caused by inflammation , such as ulcerative colitis , rheumatoid arthritis and esophagitis , and so on . Inflammation-associated cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis are common in diabetes patients . The anti-inflammation effect of curcumin might be beneficial to prevent such condition in these patients . We aim to evaluate an antiatherosclerosis effect of curcumin in diabetes patients . Effects of curcumin on risk factors for atherosclerosis were investigated in a 6-month r and omized , double-blinded and placebo-controlled clinical trial that included subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes . An atherosclerosis parameter , the pulse wave velocity , and other metabolic parameters in patients treated with placebo and curcumin were compared . Our results showed that curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity , increased level of serum adiponectin and decreased level of leptin . These results are associated with reduced levels of homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance , triglyceride , uric acid , visceral fat and total body fat . In summary , a 6-month  curcumin  intervention in type 2 diabetic population lowered the atherogenic risks . In addition , the extract helped to improve relevant metabolic profiles in this high-risk population SCOPE We previously found that curcuminoids  decreased blood glucose and improved insulin resistance by reducing serum free fatty acids ( FFAs ) and increasing fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats . This study was to investigate whether curcuminoids have beneficial effects on type 2 diabetic patients , and its possible mechanisms . METHODS AND RESULTS Overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients ( BMI ≥ 24.0 ; fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or postpr and ial blood glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L ) were r and omly assigned to curcuminoids ( 300 mg/day ) or placebo for 3 months . Bodyweight , glycosylated hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c , % ) , serum fasting glucose , FFAs , lipids , and lipoprotein lipase ( LPL ) were determined . A total of 100 patients ( curcuminoids , n = 50 ; placebo , n = 50 ) completed the trial .  Curcuminoids supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose ( p < 0.01 ) , HbA1c ( p = 0.031 ) , and insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR ) ( p < 0.01 ) in type 2 diabetic patients  . Curcuminoids also led to a significant decrease in serum total FFAs ( p < 0.01 ) , triglycerides ( P = 0.018 ) , an increase in LPL activity ( p < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION These findings suggest a glucose-lowering effect of curcuminoids in type 2 diabetes , which is partially due to decrease in serum FFAs , which may result from promoting fatty acid oxidation and utilization Background The effect of an herbal formulation LI85008F on weight loss in obese human subjects was evaluated in an 8-weeks r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study ( Clinical Trial Registration no. IS RCT N37381706 ) . Fifty obese subjects ( Body mass index 30 to 40 kg/m² , 29.3 % male ; 70.7 % female ; ages 27–50 years ) were r and omized into two groups ; placebo ( n = 25 ) and LI85008F formulation ( n = 25 ) . The participants received either 900 mg/day of LI85008F formulation in three divided doses or three identical placebo capsules and all of them remained on a calorie-controlled diet ( 2000 cal/day ) and 30 min walking for 5 days a week during the entire duration of the study . Results and discussion At the end of the trial period , LI85008F supplemented group showed significant net reductions in body weight and Body Mass Index ( BMI ) . The participants who received the herbal formulation , showed reduced fasting blood glucose , LDL , LDL/HDL ratio , and triglycerides . At the end of the study , LI85008F supplementation also provided 21.26 % ( p = 0.012 ) increase in serum adiponectin level , compared with the placebo group . No major adverse events were reported by the participants in the study duration . In addition , Adipokine profiling study in 3T3-L1 adipocytes demonstrates that LI85008F modulates key regulatory factors of adipogenic differentiation and insulin sensitivity , such as Adiponectin , Pref-1 , and resistin . Conclusion The herbal formulation LI85008F ( Adipromin ) is prepared from commonly used medicinal plants extracts , which provides useful and safe application for weight loss in obese humans . It also demonstrates potential promise in controlling healthy blood glucose level in obesity linked type 2 diabetes BACKGROUND In the present study , the improvement of diabetic microangiopathy and retinopathy was evaluated in 38 diabetic patients treated with a novel curcumin phospholipids delivery form ( Meriva ® ) .  METHODS Diabetes was diagnosed at least 5 years before inclusion and all patients had signs of retinal oedema and of peripheral microangiopathy .  Meriva ® was administered at the dosage of 2 tablets/day ( each tablet containing 500 mg Meriva ® corresponding to 100 mg curcumin ) for a period of at least 4 weeks in addition to the st and ard management plan , while a comparable group of subjects ( n = 39 ) followed the st and ard management plan alone . RESULTS All subjects ( treatment and controls ) completed the follow-up period , there were no dropouts and Meriva ® showed an optimal tolerability . At 4 weeks , microcirculatory and clinical evaluations indicated an improvement of microangiopathy . In terms of peripheral microangiopathy , in the Meriva ® group , there was a significant improvement in the venoarteriolar response ( p<0.05 ) and a decrease in the score of peripheral oedema ( p<0.05 ) , a sign typically associated with the failure of the venoarteriolar response . At the retinal level , high-resolution , duplex scanning , used to measure retinal flow , showed improvements in the Meriva ® treated patients . The evaluation of retinal oedema ( Steigerwalt 's scale ) showed an improvement associated with improved visual acuity ( Snellen scale ) . There were no clinical or microcirculatory effects in controls . CONCLUSION These preliminary observations , indicate the value of curcumin , when administered in a bioavailable form as with Meriva ® , in the management of diabetic microangiopathy and retinopathy Objective : Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia result ing from defects in insulin secretion , insulin action , or both or insulin resistance . Curcumin inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway . The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of Nano-curcumin on HbA1C , fast blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic patients . Material s and Methods : Seventy type-2 diabetic patients ( fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) ≥ 126 mg/dL or 2-hr postpr and ial blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl ) r and omly receivedeither Curcumin ( as nano-micelle 80 mg/day ) or placebo  for 3 months in a double blind r and omized clinical trial . Fasting blood glucose , HbA1C , and lipids profile were checked before and after the intervention . Data analyses , including parametric and nonparametric tests were done using the SPSS 11.5 software . A p value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant . ( RCT registration code : I RCT 2013081114330N1 ) Results : Mean age , BMI , FBG , total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglyceride ( TG ) , LDL , HDL , HbA1c , and sex and had no significant difference at the baseline between the groups . In Nano-curcumin group , a significant decrease was found in HbA1C , FBG , TG , and BMI comparing results of each subject before and after the treatment ( p<0.05 ) . By comparing pre- and post-treatment values among the groups , HbA1c , eAG , LDL-C , and BMI variables showed significant differences ( p<0.05 ) . Conclusion : These findings suggest an HbA1c lowering effect  for Nano-curcumin in type-2 diabetes ; also , it is partially decrease in serum LDL-C and BMI Abstract It is known that there is a significant interplay of insulin resistance , oxidative stress , dyslipidemia , and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) . The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of turmeric as an adjuvant to anti-diabetic therapy . Sixty diabetic subjects on metformin therapy  were recruited and r and omized into two groups ( 30 each ) . Group I received st and ard metformin treatment while group II was on st and ard metformin therapy with turmeric ( 2 g ) supplements for 4 weeks . The biochemical parameters were assessed at the time of recruitment for study and after 4 weeks of treatment . Turmeric supplementation in metformin treated type 2 diabetic patient significantly decreased fasting glucose ( 95 ± 11.4 mg/dl , P < 0.001 ) and HbA1c levels ( 7.4 ± 0.9 % , P < 0.05 ) . Turmeric administered group showed reduction in lipid peroxidation , MDA ( 0.51 ± 0.11 µmol/l , P < 0.05 ) and enhanced total antioxidant status ( 511 ± 70 µmol/l , P < 0.05 ) . Turmeric also exhibited beneficial effects on dyslipidemia LDL cholesterol ( 113.2 ± 15.3 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ) , non HDL cholesterol ( 138.3 ± 12.1 mg/dl , P < 0.05 ) and LDL/HDL ratio ( 3.01 ± 0.61 , P < 0.01 ) and reduced inflammatory marker , hsCRP ( 3.4 ± 2.0 mg/dl , P < 0.05 ) . Turmeric supplementation as an adjuvant to T2DM on metformin treatment had a beneficial effect on blood glucose , oxidative stress and inflammation Curcuma spp . extracts , particularly the dietary polyphenol curcumin , prevent colon cancer in rodents . In view of the sparse information on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of curcumin in humans , a dose-escalation pilot study of a novel st and ardized Curcuma extract in proprietary capsule form was performed at doses between 440 and 2200 mg/day , containing 36 - 180 mg of curcumin .  Fifteen patients with advanced colorectal cancer refractory to st and ard chemotherapies received Curcuma extract daily for up to 4 months . Activity of glutathione S-transferase and levels of a DNA adduct ( M(1)G ) formed by malondialdehyde , a product of lipid peroxidation and prostagl and in bio synthesis , were measured in patients ' blood cells . Oral Curcuma extract was well tolerated , and dose-limiting toxicity was not observed . Neither curcumin nor its metabolites were detected in blood or urine , but curcumin was recovered from feces . Curcumin sulfate was identified in the feces of one patient . Ingestion of 440 mg of Curcuma extract for 29 days was accompanied by a 59 % decrease in lymphocytic glutathione S-transferase activity . At higher dose levels , this effect was not observed . Leukocytic M(1)G levels were constant within each patient and unaffected by treatment . Radiologically stable disease was demonstrated in five patients for 2 - 4 months of treatment . The results suggest that ( a ) Curcuma extract can be administered safely to patients at doses of up to 2.2 g daily , equivalent to 180 mg of curcumin ; ( b ) curcumin has low oral bioavailability in humans and may undergo intestinal metabolism ; and ( c ) larger clinical trials of Curcuma extract are merited Curcumin has a therapeutic potential in treating diabetic kidney disease ( DKD ) while potential mechanisms underlining this beneficial effect remain to be eluci date d. In the present study , curcumin intervention was performed in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) by oral intake of curcumin at the dose of 500 mg/day for a period of 15 - 30 days .  Nephritic excretion of urinary micro-albumin ( U-mAlb ) and blood metabolic indexes were assessed before and after this intervention . In addition , the lipid oxidation index , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) in plasma and the status of anti-oxidative Nrf2 system in blood lymphocytes were measured . The effect of curcumin on inflammation was assessed by measuring plasma lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) content and inflammatory signaling protein in blood lymphocytes . A self-comparison method was used for assessing statistical significance s of these measurements . Here we show that curcumin intervention markedly attenuated U-mAlb excretion without affecting metabolic control of participated patients . In addition , curcumin  reduced plasma MDA level with enhanced the Nrf2 system specifically regulated protein , NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 ( NQO-1 ) together with other anti-oxidative enzymes in patients ' blood lymphocytes . Furthermore , we observed reduced plasma LPS content and increased IκB , an inhibitory protein on inflammatory signaling in patient 's lymphocytes after curcumin administration . Finally , several gut bacterials important for maintaining gut barrier integrity and function were upregulated by curcumin . In conclusion , short-term curcumin intervention ablates DKD progress with activating Nrf2 anti-oxidative system and anti-inflammatory efficacies in patients with T2DM This study aim ed to assess the possible beneficial effects of curcumin capsules as lipid-lowering effects and as a permeability glycoprotein ( P-gp ) inhibitor on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glyburide and as a P-gp substrate with glyburide in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus . Open-label , r and omized control trial was carried out for 11 days on eight type-2 diabetic patients on glyburide therapy .  On the first day of the study , following the administration of 5 mg of glyburide , blood sample s were collected from the patients at various time intervals ranging from 0.5 to 24 h. Blood sampling was repeated on the 11th day of the study , after treating the patients with curcumin for ten consecutive days . Glyburide concentrations changed at the second hour , Cmax was unchanged , the glucose levels were decreased , Area Under first Movement Curre ( AUMC ) was increased , and no patient has experienced the hypoglycaemia . The low-density lipoprotein , very-low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides were decreased significantly , and the high-density lipoprotein content increased . The co-administration of curcumin capsules with glyburide may be beneficial to the patients in better glycaemic control . The lipid lowering and antidiabetic properties of the curcumin show as a potential future drug molecule Aims : DBCare ® ( Ace Continental Exports Inc. , London , UK ) is a traditional Indian herbal food supplement marketed as an antidiabetes remedy . This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of DBCare in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) despite oral hypoglycemic treatment . Methods : A 12-week r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted . Patients with T2DM on oral hypoglycemic agents with HbA1C > 7.0 % were r and omized to receive DBCare or placebo tablets . Results : Thirty-five patients ( 20 male/15 female ; mean age 61.2 ± 7.6 years ) , with a mean baseline HbA1C of 7.9 % ± 0.6 % , received DBCare ( N = 18 ) or placebo ( N = 17 ) . During the study period , HbA1C declined 0.4 ± 0.7 % in the DBCare ® group and 0.2 % ± 0.8 % in the placebo group ( p = 0.806 ) . No significant changes occurred in fasting plasma glucose , lipid profile , or homeostasis model assessment throughout the study or in body mass index , waist circumference , or blood pressure values . Hypoglycemic episodes ( glucose < 70 mg/dL ) were more frequent in the treatment group ( 7 vs 1 , p = 0.043 ) , necessitating a decrease in other hypoglycemic medications in 2 patients . DBCare was generally well tolerated , with mild side effects that were not different from those of the placebo group . Conclusions : This preliminary study did not demonstrate that DBCare was efficacious in improving glycemic control in inadequately controlled patients with T2DM on oral hypoglycemics . A trend toward improved glycemic control was noted in the DBCare group , which correlates with more frequent hypoglycemic episodes . Further studies are needed to eluci date DBCare 's hypoglycemic effect in patients with T2DM in general and in specific clinical setting s , such as HbA1C ≥ 8 % , short ( ≤10-year ) duration of diabetes , or young age in particular Background : Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is one of the most common hepatic diseases in the general adult population . Dyslipidemia , hyperuricemia , and insulin resistance are common risk factors and accompanying features of NAFLD . Curcumin is a dietary natural product with beneficial metabolic effects relevant to the treatment of NAFLD . Aim : To assess the effects of curcumin on metabolic profile in subjects with NAFLD . Methods : Patients diagnosed with NAFLD ( grade s 1–3 ; according to liver sonography ) were r and omly assigned to curcumin ( 1000 mg/d in 2 divided doses ) ( n = 50 ) or control ( n = 52 ) group for a period of 8 weeks . All patients received dietary and lifestyle advises before the start of trial . Anthropometric measurements , lipid profile , glucose , insulin , glycated hemoglobin , and uric acid concentrations were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of follow-up . Results : Eighty-seven subjects ( n = 44 and 43 in the curcumin and control group , respectively ) completed the trial . Supplementation with curcumin was associated with a reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , triglycerides ( P < 0.001 ) , non – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , and uric acid ( P < 0.001 ) , whereas serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose control parameters remained unaltered . Curcumin was safe and well tolerated during this study . Conclusion : Results of the present trial suggest that curcumin supplementation reduces serum lipids and uric acid concentrations in patients with NAFLD Abstract Background and objective : Hyperglycaemia leads to increased oxidative stress result ing in endothelial dysfunction . ACE inhibitors , antioxidants and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ( statins ) have been shown to improve endothelial function . The aim of this study was to compare the effects of NCB-02 ( a st and ardized preparation of curcuminoids ) , atorvastatin and placebo on endothelial function and its biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . Methods : A total of 72 patients with type 2 diabetes were r and omized to receive NCB-02 ( two capsules containing curcumin 150 mg twice daily ) , atorvastatin 10 mg once daily or placebo for 8 weeks . Endothelial function assessment was performed at baseline and post-treatment using digital volume plethysmography ( salbutamol [ albuterol ] challenge test ) to measure change in reflective index , an indicator of arterial vascular tone . Blood sample s were similarly collected at baseline and post-treatment for estimations of malondialdehyde , endothelin-1 ( ET-1 ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) and tumour necrosis factor-α ( TNFα ) . Pre- and posttreatment safety assessment s were also conducted . ANOVA and paired t-test evaluations were used for comparison . Results : A total of 67 patients completed the study . At baseline , there was no significant difference in the various parameters tested . In all three groups , the change in reflective index at baseline was < 6 % as assessed by the salbutamol challenge test , indicating the presence of endothelial dysfunction . Compared with baseline , there was a significant improvement in endothelial function after treatment with atorvastatin ( mean ± SD : −3.63 ± 3.17 % vs −8.95 ± 6.80 % , respectively ) and NCB-02 ( −2.69 ± 3.02 % vs −8.19 ± 5.73 % , respectively ) . Similarly , patients receiving atorvastatin or NCB-02 showed significant reductions in the levels of malondialdehyde , ET-1 , IL-6 and TNFα . No significant improvements were obtained in patients administered placebo . Conclusion : NCB-02 had a favourable effect , comparable to that of atorvastatin , on endothelial dysfunction in association with reductions in inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress . Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential long-term effects of NCB-02 and its combination with other herbal antioxidants Abstract Objective .  End-stage renal disease ( ESRD )  due to type 2 diabetic nephropathy is a very common condition which is increasing in prevalence , and is associated with high global levels of mortality and morbidity . Both proteinuria and transforming growth factor-β ( TGF-β ) may contribute to the development of ESRD in patients with diabetic nephropathy . Experimental studies indicate that turmeric improves diabetic nephropathy by suppressing TGF-β . Therefore , this study investigated the effects of turmeric on serum and urinary TGF-β , interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ) and tumour necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) , as well as proteinuria , in patients with overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy . Material and methods . A r and omized , double-blind and placebo-controlled study was carried out in the Diabetes Clinic of the Outpatient Department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences on 40 patients with overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy , r and omized into a trial group ( n = 20 ) and a control group ( n = 20 ) . Each patient in the trial group received one capsule with each meal containing 500 mg turmeric , of which 22.1 mg was the active ingredient curcumin ( three capsules daily ) for 2 months . The control group received three capsules identical in colour and size containing starch for the same 2 months . Results . Serum levels of TGF-β and IL-8 and urinary protein excretion and IL-8 decreased significantly comparing the pre- and post-turmeric supplementation values . No adverse effects  related to turmeric supplementation were observed during the trial . Conclusion . Short-term turmeric supplementation can attenuate proteinuria , TGF-β and IL-8 in patients with overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy and can be administered as a safe adjuvant therapy for these patients BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and is associated with disturbed metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins . Curcuminoids are natural products with anti-diabetic and lipid-modifying actions but their efficacy in improving dyslipidemia in diabetic individuals has not been sufficiently studied . OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of supplementation with curcuminoids , plus piperine as an absorption enhancer , in improving serum lipids in patients with T2D . METHODS In this 12-week r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , subjects with T2D ( n=118 ) were assigned to curcuminoids ( 1000mg/day plus piperine 10mg/day ) or placebo plus st and ard of care for T2D . Serum concentrations of lipids including total cholesterol ( TC ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , lipoprotein(a ) [ Lp(a ) ] , and non-HDL-C were determined at baseline and at the end of trial . RESULTS Between-group comparison of change in the study parameters revealed significant reductions in serum levels of TC ( -21.86±25.78 versus -17.06±41.51 , respectively ; p=0.023 ) , non-HDL-C ( -23.42±25.13 versus -16.84±41.42 , respectively ; p=0.014 ) and Lp(a ) ( -1.50±1.61 versus -0.34±1.73 , respectively ; p=0.001 ) and elevations in serum HDL-C levels ( 1.56±4.25 versus -0.22±4.62 , respectively ; p=0.048 ) in the curcuminoids group as compared with the placebo group ( p<0.05 ) . Serum TG and LDL-C changes did not show any significant difference between the study groups ( p>0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Curcuminoids supplementation can reduce serum levels of atherogenic lipid indices including non-HDL-C and Lp(a ) . Therefore , curcuminoids supplementation could contribute to a reduced risk of cardiovascular events in dyslipidemic patients with T2D OBJECTIVE Previous experimental studies have suggested curcumin as a safe phytochemical that can improve insulin resistance through effects on adiponectin and leptin . This study aim ed to investigate the effect of curcumin on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentrations in patients with metabolic syndrome . METHODS In this pilot , r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial , subjects who met the criteria of metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were r and omly assigned to curcumin ( n = 59 ; 1000 mg/d ) or a placebo ( n = 58 ) for 8 wk . Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were determined before and after intervention . The pooled effect size for the impact of curcumin supplementation on serum adiponectin and leptin levels was also estimated using r and om-effects meta analysis . RESULTS Eight-week supplementation with curcumin was associated with a significant increase in serum adiponectin levels ( P < 0.001 ) and a reduction in serum leptin concentrations ( P < 0.001 ) . Serum leptin : adiponectin ratio was also improved by curcumin ( P < 0.001 ) . These beneficial effects of curcumin remained significant after adjustment for changes in serum lipids and glucose concentrations and baseline differences in body mass index and serum levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin as potential confounders of treatment response . Meta analysis suggested that curcumin supplementation can increase adiponectin levels by 76.78 % ( 95 % CI : 6.14 - 147.42 ; P = 0.0330 ) , and reduce leptin by 26.49 % ( 95 % CI : -70.44 to 17.46 ) , however this latter effect size did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.238 ) . CONCLUSIONS Curcumin can improve serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in patients with metabolic syndrome . This trial was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ( http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ ) under Trial No. UMIN000018339 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is a global health problem . Although many aspects of NAFLD pathogenesis have been understood , there is a paucity of effective treatments to be used as the second line when lifestyle modification is insufficient . Curcumin , a natural polyphenol from turmeric , has been shown to be effective against development of hepatic steatosis and its progression to steatohepatitis , yet these beneficial effects have not been explored in clinical practice . The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of curcumin on hepatic fat content as well as biochemical and anthropometric features of patients with NAFLD . In this r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , patients with ultrasonographic evidence of NAFLD were r and omly assigned to receive an amorphous dispersion curcumin formulation ( 500 mg/day equivalent to 70-mg curcumin ) or matched placebo for a period of 8 weeks . Liver fat content ( assessed through ultrasonography ) , glycemic and lipid profile , transaminase levels , and anthropometric indices were evaluated at baseline and at the end of follow-up period . The clinical trial protocol was registered under the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ID : I RCT 2014110511763N18 . Compared with placebo , curcumin was associated with a significant reduction in liver fat content ( 78.9 % improvement in the curcumin vs 27.5 % improvement in the placebo group ) . There were also significant reductions in body mass index and serum levels of total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , triglycerides , aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase , glucose , and glycated hemoglobin compared with the placebo group . Curcumin was safe and well tolerated during the course of trial . Findings of the present proof-of-concept trial suggested improvement of different features of NAFLD after a short-term supplementation with curcumin . Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons ,
target: Conclusion Our findings may encourage curcumin supplementation based on its meaningful effect on glycemic control and positive trend on lipid outcomes in prediabetes and T2DM
background: Scope Studies have demonstrated inconsistent effects of curcumin on glycemic outcomes and lipid parameters in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) .
  This study aim ed to assess the effect of curcumin on glycemic control and lipid profile in prediabetes and T2DM .