title: Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: a randomized crossover trial. Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Statin-Treated Patients Highly bioavailable micellar curcuminoids accumulate in blood, are safe and do not reduce blood lipids and inflammation markers in moderately hyperlipidemic individuals. Improvement of sulphur mustard-induced chronic pruritus, quality of life and antioxidant status by curcumin: results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial. Curcuminoids exert glucose-lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Effect of Curcumin on some of Traditional and Non-traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Pilot Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin on Serum Cytokines in Obese Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial Randomized Evaluation of the Effects of Anacetrapib through Lipid-modification (REVEAL)—A large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the clinical effects of anacetrapib among people with established vascular disease: Trial design, recruitment, and baseline characteristics The effect of nano-curcumin on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile in diabetic subjects: a randomized clinical trial Diverse effects of a low dose supplement of lipidated curcumin in healthy middle aged people Highly absorptive curcumin reduces serum atherosclerotic low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with mild COPD Mitigation of Systemic Oxidative Stress by Curcuminoids in Osteoarthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Curcumin Lowers Serum Lipids and Uric Acid in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial Effect of NCB-02, Atorvastatin and Placebo on Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Curcuminoids modulate pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance but not the immune response to heat shock protein 27 and oxidized LDL in obese individuals. The effect of curcumin on lipid level in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Investigation of the effects of solid lipid curcumin on cognition and mood in a healthy older population Usefulness of atherogenic dyslipidemia for predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease. Adjuvant therapy with bioavailability-boosted curcuminoids suppresses systemic inflammation and improves quality of life in patients with solid tumors: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Curcuminoids modify lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial. Curcumin effects on blood lipid profile in a 6-month human study. Short-term Curcuminoid Supplementation for Chronic Pulmonary Complications due to Sulfur Mustard Intoxication: Positive Results of a Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial.
abstract: Dyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is also a common feature of obesity . Curcumin is a bioactive phytochemical with well-known antioxidant , anti-inflammatory , and cardioprotective properties . The present study investigated the hypolipidemic activity of curcumin in obese individuals . Participants ( n = 30 ) were treated with curcuminoids ( 1 g/day ) , or placebo in a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Serum concentrations of total cholesterol , triglycerides , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , together with anthropometric parameters and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured before and after each treatment period . Anthropometric parameters including weight , BMI , waist circumference , hip circumference , arm circumference , and body fat remained statistically unchanged by the end of trial ( p > 0.05 ) . As for the lipid profile parameters , serum triglycerides were significantly reduced following curcumin supplementation ( p = 0.009 ) . However , curcuminoids were not found to affect serum levels of total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( p > 0.05 ) . In summary , the findings of the present study indicated that curcuminoid supplementation ( 1 g/day for 30 days ) leads to a significant reduction in serum triglycerides concentrations but do not have a significant influence on other lipid profile parameters as well as body mass index and body fat Background and Purpose — Treatment with statins reduces the rate of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients , but residual risk persists . At least part of that risk may be attributable to atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( ⩽40 mg/dL ) and high triglycerides ( triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL ) . Methods — We studied subjects with stroke or transient ischemic attack in the Prevention of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events of Ischemic Origin With Terutroban  in Patients With a History of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack ( PERFORM ; n=19 100 ) and Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels ( SPARCL ; n=4731 ) trials who were treated with a statin and who had high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides measurements 3 months after r and omization ( n=10 498 and 2900 , respectively ) . The primary outcome measure for this exploratory analysis was the occurrence of major cardiovascular events ( nonfatal myocardial infa rct ion , nonfatal stroke , or cardiovascular death ) . We also performed a time-varying analysis to account for all available high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride measurements . Results — A total of 10 % of subjects in PERFORM and 9 % in SPARCL had atherogenic dyslipidemia after ≥3 months on start statin therapy . After a follow-up of 2.3 years ( PERFORM ) and 4.9 years ( SPARCL ) , a major cardiovascular event occurred in 1123 and 485 patients in the 2 trials , respectively . The risk of major cardiovascular events was higher in subjects with versus those without atherogenic dyslipidemia in both PERFORM ( hazard ratio , 1.36 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.14–1.63 ) and SPARCL ( hazard ratio , 1.40 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.06–1.85 ) . The association was attenuated after multivariable adjustment ( hazard ratio , 1.23 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.03–1.48 in PERFORM and hazard ratio , 1.24 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.93–1.65 in SPARCL ) . Time-varying analysis confirmed these findings . Conclusions — The presence of atherogenic dyslipidemia was associated with higher residual cardiovascular risk in PERFORM and SPARCL subjects with stroke or transient ischemic attack receiving statin therapy . Specific therapeutic interventions should now be trialed to address this residual risk SCOPE Curcuminoids are poorly bioavailable , but potentially lipid- and inflammation-lowering phytochemicals . We hypothesized that curcuminoids , when administered as a micellar formulation with hundredfold enhanced bioavailability , decrease blood lipids and inflammation in subjects with moderately elevated cholesterol and C-reactive protein concentrations . METHODS AND RESULTS We carried out a r and omized , double-blind , crossover study ( 4-wk washout phase ) with 42 subjects consuming 294 mg curcuminoids per day ( as micelles ) or placebo for 6 wk . At the beginning , after 3 wk and at the end ( 6 wk ) of each intervention , we collected fasting blood sample s to determine curcuminoids , blood lipids , and markers of inflammation , glucose and iron homeostasis , and liver toxicity . Daily ingestion of 98 mg micellar curcuminoids with each principal meal for as little as 3 wk result ed in fasting curcuminoid plasma concentrations of 49 nmol/L. Neither blood lipids , nor markers of inflammation , glucose and iron homeostasis , or liver enzymes differed between curcuminoid and placebo interventions . CONCLUSION Consumption of 98 mg of highly bioavailable curcuminoids with each principal meal sufficed to achieve curcuminoid accumulation in the blood , was safe , and did not alter blood lipids , inflammation , glucose , or iron homeostasis in healthy subjects with slightly elevated blood cholesterol and C-reactive protein Skin is among the first and most heavily damaged organs upon sulphur mustard ( SM ) exposure . Pruritus is the most common chronic skin complication of SM , which adversely affects the quality of life ( QoL ) . However , current therapies for the management of SM-induced pruritus are very limited and associated with side effects . The present trial investigated the efficacy of curcumin in the alleviation of SM-induced chronic pruritic symptoms . A total of ninety-six male Iranian veterans ( age 37 - 59 years ) were r and omised to receive either curcumin ( 1 g/d , n 46 ) or placebo ( n 50 ) for 4 weeks . Serum concentrations of substance P and activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured at baseline and at the end of the trial . Assessment of pruritus severity was performed using the pruritus score , visual analogue scale ( VAS ) and scoring atopic dermatitis ( SCORAD ) index . QoL was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index ( DLQI ) question naire . Serum concentrations of substance P ( P<0·001 ) as well as activities of superoxide dismutase ( P=0·02 ) , glutathione peroxidase ( P=0·006 ) and catalase ( P<0·001 ) were significantly reduced in the curcumin group , while no significant change was observed in the placebo group . Curcumin supplementation was also associated with significant reductions in measures of pruritus severity including the pruritus score ( P<0·001 ) , VAS score ( P<0·001 ) , overall ( P<0·001 ) and objective SCORAD ( P=0·009 ) , and DLQI 's first question ( P<0·001 ) . None of these measures was significantly changed in the placebo group . As for the QoL , although DLQI scores decreased in both groups ( P<0·001 and P=0·003 in the curcumin and placebo groups , respectively ) , the magnitude of reduction was significantly greater in the curcumin group ( P<0·001 ) . In conclusion , curcumin may be regarded as a natural , safe , widely available and inexpensive treatment for the management of SM-induced chronic pruritus Curcumin is a phytocompound found in the root of turmeric , a common herbal ingredient in many Asian cuisines . The compound contains anti-inflammatory activity , which is mediated through an up-regulation of adiponectin and reduction of leptin . Consumption of curcumin was shown to prevent some deteriorative conditions caused by inflammation , such as ulcerative colitis , rheumatoid arthritis and esophagitis , and so on . Inflammation-associated cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis are common in diabetes patients . The anti-inflammation effect of curcumin might be beneficial to prevent such condition in these patients . We aim to evaluate an antiatherosclerosis effect of curcumin in diabetes patients . Effects of curcumin on risk factors for atherosclerosis were investigated in a 6-month r and omized , double-blinded and placebo-controlled clinical trial that included subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes . An atherosclerosis parameter , the pulse wave velocity , and other metabolic parameters in patients treated with placebo and curcumin were compared . Our results showed that curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity , increased level of serum adiponectin and decreased level of leptin . These results are associated with reduced levels of homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance , triglyceride , uric acid , visceral fat and total body fat . In summary , a 6-month  curcumin  intervention in type 2 diabetic population lowered the atherogenic risks . In addition , the extract helped to improve relevant metabolic profiles in this high-risk population SCOPE We previously found that curcuminoids  decreased blood glucose and improved insulin resistance by reducing serum free fatty acids ( FFAs ) and increasing fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats . This study was to investigate whether curcuminoids have beneficial effects on type 2 diabetic patients , and its possible mechanisms . METHODS AND RESULTS Overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients ( BMI ≥ 24.0 ; fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or postpr and ial blood glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L ) were r and omly assigned to curcuminoids ( 300 mg/day ) or placebo for 3 months . Bodyweight , glycosylated hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c , % ) , serum fasting glucose , FFAs , lipids , and lipoprotein lipase ( LPL ) were determined . A total of 100 patients ( curcuminoids , n = 50 ; placebo , n = 50 ) completed the trial .  Curcuminoids supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose ( p < 0.01 ) , HbA1c ( p = 0.031 ) , and insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR ) ( p < 0.01 ) in type 2 diabetic patients  . Curcuminoids also led to a significant decrease in serum total FFAs ( p < 0.01 ) , triglycerides ( P = 0.018 ) , an increase in LPL activity ( p < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION These findings suggest a glucose-lowering effect of curcuminoids in type 2 diabetes , which is partially due to decrease in serum FFAs , which may result from promoting fatty acid oxidation and utilization Numerous interventional studies in clinical and pre clinical setting stated that intake of curcumin may provide protection against cardiovascular disease . The aim of this trial was investigation of curcumin efficiency on some cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease ( CAD ) . A total of 33 patients with CAD who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were entered the study . Patients were r and omly assigned to receive curcumin or placebo , 500 mg capsules , four times daily for 8 weeks . Lipid profile , blood glucose and high sensitive C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) levels were analyzed at baseline and two months after treatment . Serum levels of triglycerides ( P=0.01 ) , LDL-cholesterol ( P=0.03 ) and VLDL-cholesterol ( P=0.04 ) significantly decreased in the curcumin group compared to baseline , without significant changes in total cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , blood glucose and hs-CRP levels . In all mentioned laboratory parameters , significant difference was not detected between curcumin and placebo . Although curcumin improved some of lipid profile components , it did not show appreciable effect on inflammatory markers in patients with CAD . Therefore , more detailed assessment of metabolic effects or anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin need to perform by extensive human study Background . Obesity is a disorder often accompanied by a heightened state of systemic inflammation and immunoactivation . The present r and omized crossover trial aim ed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin , a bioactive polyphenol with established anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects , on the serum levels of a panel of cytokines and mediators in obese individuals . Methods . Thirty obese individuals were r and omized to receive curcumin at a daily dose of 1 g or a matched placebo for 4 weeks . Following a 2-week wash-out period , each group was assigned to the alternate treatment regimen for another 4 weeks . Serum sample s were collected at the start and end of each study period . Serum levels of IL-1α , IL-1β , IL-2 , IL-4 , IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 , VEGF , IFNγ , EGF , MCP-1 , and TNFα were measured using a multiplex Biochip Array Technology based method . Results . Mean serum IL-1β ( P = 0.042 ) , IL-4 ( P = 0.008 ) , and VEGF ( P = 0.01 ) were found to be significantly reduced by curcumin therapy . In contrast , no significant difference was observed in the concentrations of IL-2 , IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 , IFNγ , EGF , and MCP-1 . Conclusions . The findings of the present trial suggested that curcumin may exert immunomodulatory effects via altering the circulating concentrations of IL-1β , IL-4 , and VEGF Background Patients with prior vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite intensive statin – based treatment . Inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein by anacetrapib reduces low‐density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol by around 25 % to 40 % and more than doubles high‐density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol . However , it is not known if these apparently favorable lipid changes translate into reductions in cardiovascular events . Methods The REVEAL study is a r and omized , double‐blind , placebo‐controlled clinical trial that is assessing the efficacy and safety of adding anacetrapib to effective LDL‐lowering treatment with atorvastatin for an average of at least 4 years among patients with preexisting atherosclerotic vascular disease . The primary assessment is an intention‐to‐treat comparison among all r and omized participants of the effects of allocation to anacetrapib on major coronary events ( defined as the occurrence of coronary death , myocardial infa rct ion , or coronary revascularization ) . Results Between August 2011 and October 2013 , 30,449 individuals in Europe , North America , and China were r and omized to receive anacetrapib 100 mg daily or matching placebo .  Mean ( SD ) age was 67 ( 8) years , 84 % were male , 88 % had a history of coronary heart disease , 22 % had cerebrovascular disease , and 37 % had diabetes mellitus . At the r and omization visit ( after at least 8 weeks on a protocol ‐defined atorvastatin regimen ) , mean plasma LDL cholesterol was 61 ( 15 ) mg/dL and HDL cholesterol was 40 ( 10 ) mg/dL. Interpretation The REVEAL trial will provide a robust evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of adding anacetrapib to an effective statin regimen . Results are anticipated in 2017 Objective : Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia result ing from defects in insulin secretion , insulin action , or both or insulin resistance . Curcumin inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway . The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of Nano-curcumin on HbA1C , fast blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic patients . Material s and Methods : Seventy type-2 diabetic patients ( fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) ≥ 126 mg/dL or 2-hr postpr and ial blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl ) r and omly receivedeither Curcumin ( as nano-micelle 80 mg/day ) or placebo  for 3 months in a double blind r and omized clinical trial . Fasting blood glucose , HbA1C , and lipids profile were checked before and after the intervention . Data analyses , including parametric and nonparametric tests were done using the SPSS 11.5 software . A p value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant . ( RCT registration code : I RCT 2013081114330N1 ) Results : Mean age , BMI , FBG , total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglyceride ( TG ) , LDL , HDL , HbA1c , and sex and had no significant difference at the baseline between the groups . In Nano-curcumin group , a significant decrease was found in HbA1C , FBG , TG , and BMI comparing results of each subject before and after the treatment ( p<0.05 ) . By comparing pre- and post-treatment values among the groups , HbA1c , eAG , LDL-C , and BMI variables showed significant differences ( p<0.05 ) . Conclusion : These findings suggest an HbA1c lowering effect  for Nano-curcumin in type-2 diabetes ; also , it is partially decrease in serum LDL-C and BMI Background Curcumin extracts of turmeric are proposed to produce health benefits . To date , human intervention studies have focused mainly on people with existing health problems given high doses of poorly absorbed curcumin . The purpose of the current study was to check whether in healthy people , a low dose of a lipi date d curcumin extract could alter wellness-related measures . Methods The present study was conducted in healthy middle aged people ( 40–60 years old ) with a low dose of curcumin ( 80 mg/day ) in a lipi date d form expected to have good absorption . Subjects were given either curcumin ( N = 19 ) or placebo ( N = 19 ) for 4 wk .  Blood and saliva sample s were taken before and after the 4 weeks and analyzed for a variety of blood and saliva measures relevant to health promotion . Results Curcumin , but not placebo , produced the following statistically significant changes : lowering of plasma triglyceride values , lowering of salivary amylase levels , raising of salivary radical scavenging capacities , raising of plasma catalase activities , lowering of plasma beta amyloid protein concentrations , lowering of plasma sICAM readings , increased plasma myeloperoxidase without increased c-reactive protein levels , increased plasma nitric oxide , and decreased plasma alanine amino transferase activities . Conclusion Collectively , these results demonstrate that a low dose of a curcumin-lipid preparation can produce a variety of potentially health promoting effects in healthy middle aged people Purpose COPD is mainly caused by tobacco smoking and is associated with a high frequency of coronary artery disease . There is growing recognition that the inflammation in COPD is not only confined to the lungs but also involves the systemic circulation and can impact nonpulmonary organs , including blood vessels . α1-antitrypsin – low-density lipoprotein ( AT-LDL ) complex is an oxidatively modified LDL that accelerates atherosclerosis . Curcumin , one of the best-investigated natural products , is a powerful antioxidant . However , the effects of curcumin on AT-LDL remain unknown . We hypothesized that Theracurmin ® , a highly absorptive curcumin with improved bioavailability using a drug delivery system , ameliorates the inflammatory status in subjects with mild COPD . Patients and methods This is a r and omized , double-blind , parallel-group study . Subjects with stages I – II COPD according to the Japanese Respiratory Society criteria were r and omly assigned to receive 90 mg Theracurmin ® or placebo twice a day for 24 weeks , and changes in inflammatory parameters were evaluated . Results There were no differences between the Theracurmin ® and placebo groups in terms of age , male/female ratio , or body mass index in 39 evaluable subjects . The percent changes in blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c and LDL-cholesterol , triglyceride , or high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels after treatment were similar for the two groups . However , the percent change in the AT-LDL level was significantly ( P=0.020 ) lower in the Theracurmin ® group compared with the placebo group . Conclusion Theracurmin ® reduced levels of atherosclerotic AT-LDL , which may lead to the prevention of future cardiovascular events in mild COPD subjects ABSTRACT Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis .  Curcuminoids are natural polyphenols with strong antioxidant capacity and may thus be helpful in the treatment of osteoarthritis . The present r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial investigated the efficacy of curcuminoids in reducing systemic oxidative burden in patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis . Forty patients with mild-to-moderate primary knee osteoarthritis were given curcuminoid capsules ( 1500 mg/day in 3 divided doses ; n = 19 ) or matched placebo capsules ( n = 21 ) for a period of 6 weeks . Curcuminoids were co-administered with piperine ( 15 mg/day ) in order to improve the bioavailability . Serum activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and concentrations of reduced glutathione ( GSH ) and malonedialdehyde ( MDA ) were determined spectrophotometrically at baseline and at the end of the treatment period in both groups . Serum activities of SOD as well as GSH and MDA concentrations were comparable between the study groups at baseline ( p > 0.05 ) . There was a significant elevation in serum SOD activities ( mean change : 2.94 ± 3.73 vs. −0.38 ± 1.33 ; p < 0.001 ) , a borderline significant elevation in GSH concentrations ( mean change : 1.39 ± 2.78 vs. −0.02 ± 1.62 ; p = 0.064 ) and a significant reduction in MDA concentrations ( mean change : −5.26 ± 4.46 vs. −2.49 ± 3.81 ; p = 0.044 ) in the curcuminoids compared with the placebo group . Changes in serum activities of SOD and concentrations of GSH and MDA during the course of trial were significantly correlated . Short-term supplementation with curcuminoids  attenuates systemic oxidative stress in patients with osteoarthritis . These antioxidant effects may account for the reported therapeutic effects of curcuminoids in relieving osteoarthritis symptoms Background : Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is one of the most common hepatic diseases in the general adult population . Dyslipidemia , hyperuricemia , and insulin resistance are common risk factors and accompanying features of NAFLD . Curcumin is a dietary natural product with beneficial metabolic effects relevant to the treatment of NAFLD . Aim : To assess the effects of curcumin on metabolic profile in subjects with NAFLD . Methods : Patients diagnosed with NAFLD ( grade s 1–3 ; according to liver sonography ) were r and omly assigned to curcumin ( 1000 mg/d in 2 divided doses ) ( n = 50 ) or control ( n = 52 ) group for a period of 8 weeks . All patients received dietary and lifestyle advises before the start of trial . Anthropometric measurements , lipid profile , glucose , insulin , glycated hemoglobin , and uric acid concentrations were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of follow-up . Results : Eighty-seven subjects ( n = 44 and 43 in the curcumin and control group , respectively ) completed the trial . Supplementation with curcumin was associated with a reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , triglycerides ( P < 0.001 ) , non – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P < 0.001 ) , and uric acid ( P < 0.001 ) , whereas serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose control parameters remained unaltered . Curcumin was safe and well tolerated during this study . Conclusion : Results of the present trial suggest that curcumin supplementation reduces serum lipids and uric acid concentrations in patients with NAFLD Abstract Background and objective : Hyperglycaemia leads to increased oxidative stress result ing in endothelial dysfunction . ACE inhibitors , antioxidants and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ( statins ) have been shown to improve endothelial function . The aim of this study was to compare the effects of NCB-02 ( a st and ardized preparation of curcuminoids ) , atorvastatin and placebo on endothelial function and its biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . Methods : A total of 72 patients with type 2 diabetes were r and omized to receive NCB-02 ( two capsules containing curcumin 150 mg twice daily ) , atorvastatin 10 mg once daily or placebo for 8 weeks . Endothelial function assessment was performed at baseline and post-treatment using digital volume plethysmography ( salbutamol [ albuterol ] challenge test ) to measure change in reflective index , an indicator of arterial vascular tone . Blood sample s were similarly collected at baseline and post-treatment for estimations of malondialdehyde , endothelin-1 ( ET-1 ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) and tumour necrosis factor-α ( TNFα ) . Pre- and posttreatment safety assessment s were also conducted . ANOVA and paired t-test evaluations were used for comparison . Results : A total of 67 patients completed the study . At baseline , there was no significant difference in the various parameters tested . In all three groups , the change in reflective index at baseline was < 6 % as assessed by the salbutamol challenge test , indicating the presence of endothelial dysfunction . Compared with baseline , there was a significant improvement in endothelial function after treatment with atorvastatin ( mean ± SD : −3.63 ± 3.17 % vs −8.95 ± 6.80 % , respectively ) and NCB-02 ( −2.69 ± 3.02 % vs −8.19 ± 5.73 % , respectively ) . Similarly , patients receiving atorvastatin or NCB-02 showed significant reductions in the levels of malondialdehyde , ET-1 , IL-6 and TNFα . No significant improvements were obtained in patients administered placebo . Conclusion : NCB-02 had a favourable effect , comparable to that of atorvastatin , on endothelial dysfunction in association with reductions in inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress . Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential long-term effects of NCB-02 and its combination with other herbal antioxidants Curcuminoids have potentially important functional qualities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties . In this r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial , the effects of a curcuminoid supplement on serum pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance ( PAB ) and antibody titres to Hsp27 ( anti-Hsp27 ) and oxLDL ( anti-oxLDL ) were investigated . Thirty obese individuals were r and omized to receive either curcuminoids ( 1 g/day ) or placebo for a period of 30 days . After a wash-out period of 2 weeks , subjects were crossed over to the alternate regimen for another 30 days . Serum PAB along with anti-Hsp27 and anti-oxLDL titres was measured at the beginning and at the end of each study period . There was no significant carry-over effect for any of the assessed parameters . Curcuminoid supplementation was associated with a significant decrease in PAB ( p = 0.044 ) . However , no significant change was observed in serum concentrations of anti-Hsp27 or anti-oxLDL ( p > 0.05 ) . These findings suggest that oral curcuminoids supplementation ( 1g/day ) is effective in reducing oxidative stress burden , though this needs to be vali date d in larger study population AIM to evaluate the effects of curcumin on total cholesterol , LDL cholesterol , HDL cholesterol , and triglyceride in acute coronary syndrome patients . METHODS this study were conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital ( RSUPN-CM ) , Persahabatan Hospital , MMC Hospital and Medistra Hospital , Jakarta . The study started from 1 May 2005 to 5 May 2006 . Study Design was an interventional study which was a r and omized double blind controlled trial to evaluate the effects of curcumin administration at escalating doses ( low dose 3 times 15 mg/day , moderate dose 3 times 30 mg/day , and high dose 3 times 60 mg/day ) on total cholesterol level , LDL cholesterol level , HDL cholesterol level , and triglyceride level in ACS patients . RESULTS a 75 ACS patients undergoing r and omization participated in r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) . Of the 75 ACS patients participating in that RCT , 67 received care at RSCM , 6 at Persahabatan Hospital , and 2 at MMC Hospital . As many as 63 patients were able to participate in the RCT up to its conclusion . There was no significant difference in age , sex , risk factor of dyslipidemia , DM , smoking , hypertension , CHD history in family , height , body weight and body mass index , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure in the four groups of patients . This showed that the r and omization performed was reasonably good . There was no significant difference in laboratory parameters , such as total cholesterol , LDL cholesterol , HDL cholesterol , and triglyceride , fasting blood glucose , blood glucose 2 hours PP , glyco Hb , triglyceride , Hb , Ht , leukocyte , thrombocyte , ureum , creatinine , SGOT , SGPT , in the four groups . There was no significant difference in types of ACS and locations of ACS in the four groups as well . There was no significant difference in statin medicatios ( simvastatin ) , aspirin ACE inhibitor , and DM medications in the four groups . No patient used  tiazolidindion . No significant difference was found in the percentage of compliance in the four groups of patients . The effects of curcumin on total cholesterol level and LDL cholesterol level , there was a trend that the lower the dose of curcumin , the higher the effect of reduction . For HDL cholesterol level , there was also a trend that the lower the dose of curcumin , the higher the effect of increase in HDL cholesterol level . However , for triglyceride the pattern was not the same , and the group of moderate-dose curcumin shoed the minimal effect of increase , followed by the low-dose curcumin and finally the high-dose curcumin that showed the highest effect of increase . CONCLUSION the administration of low-dose curcumin showed a trend of reduction in total cholesterol level and LDL cholesterol level in ACS patients Curcumin possesses many properties which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline , dementia or mood disorders . These benefits in pre clinical studies have not been established in humans . This r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial examined the acute ( 1 and 3 h after a single dose ) , chronic ( 4 weeks ) and acute-on-chronic ( 1 and 3 h after single dose following chronic treatment ) effects of solid lipid curcumin formulation ( 400 mg as Longvida ® ) on cognitive function , mood and blood biomarkers in 60 healthy adults aged 60–85 . One hour after administration curcumin significantly improved performance on sustained attention and working memory tasks , compared with placebo .  Working memory and mood ( general fatigue and change in state calmness , contentedness and fatigue induced by psychological stress ) were significantly better following chronic treatment . A significant acute-on-chronic treatment effect on alertness and contentedness was also observed . Curcumin was associated with significantly reduced total and LDL cholesterol and had no effect on hematological safety measures . To our knowledge this is the first study to examine the effects of curcumin on cognition and mood in a healthy older population or to examine any acute behavioral effects in humans . Results highlight the need for further investigation of the potential psychological and cognitive benefits of curcumin in an older population The identification of factors contributing to residual cardiovascular risk is important to improve the management of patients with established coronary artery disease ( CAD ) . This study was conducted to assess the predictive value of atherogenic dyslipidemia ( defined as high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein [ HDL ] cholesterol ) for long-term outcomes in patients with CAD . In 284 patients ( 238 men , 46 women ; mean age at baseline 59.2 + /- 8.9 years ) with coronary stenosis ( > 50 % in > or = 1 vessel ) , the presence of atherogenic dyslipidemia was prospect ively associated with the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events ( MACEs ) during a median follow-up of 7.8 years . MACEs were defined as cardiovascular death , nonfatal myocardial infa rct ion , nonfatal stroke , the recurrence of angina , and revascularization procedures . MACEs were observed in 111 ( 39.1 % ) patients with CAD . MACEs occurred more frequently in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia ( 50.9 % ) than in those with isolated low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides ( 33.0 % ) or with normal HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations ( 29.2 % ) ( p < 0.01 for trend ) . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a decrease in event-free survival in patients with compared with those without atherogenic dyslipidemia ( log-rank p = 0.006 ) . Patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia presented with increased plasma concentrations of remnants , denser low-density lipoprotein , more atherogenic HDL particles , and insulin-resistant status . After adjustment for potential confounding variables , the magnitude of increased risk associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia was 1.58 ( 95 % confidence interval 1.12 to 2.21 , p = 0.008 ) . In conclusion , these data provide evidence that atherogenic dyslipidemia is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk in patients with CAD , even stronger than isolated high triglycerides or low HDL cholesterol Curcuminoids are bioactive polyphenolics with potent antiinflammatory properties . Although several lines of in vitro and pre clinical evidence suggest potent anticancer effects of curcuminoids , clinical findings have not been conclusive . The present r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial aim ed to evaluate the efficacy of curcuminoids as adjuvant therapy in cancer patients . Eighty subjects with solid tumors who were under st and ard chemotherapy regimens were r and omly assigned to a bioavailability-boosted curcuminoids preparation ( 180 mg/day ; n = 40 ) or matched placebo ( n = 40 ) for a period of 8 weeks . Efficacy measures were changes in the health-related quality of life ( QoL ) score ( evaluated using the University of Washington index ) and serum levels of a panel of mediators implicated in systemic inflammation including interleukins 6 ( IL-6 ) and 8 ( IL-8 ) , TNF-α , transforming growth factor-β ( TGFβ ) , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) , calcitonin gene-related peptide ( CGRP ) , substance P and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) . Curcuminoid supplementation was associated with a significantly greater improvement in QoL compared with placebo ( p < 0.001 ) . Consistently , the magnitude of reductions in TNF-α ( p < 0.001 ) , TGFβ ( p < 0.001 ) , IL-6 ( p = 0.061 ) , substance P ( p = 0.005 ) , hs-CRP ( p < 0.001 ) , CGRP ( p < 0.001 ) and MCP-1 ( p < 0.001 ) were all significantly greater in the curcuminoids versus placebo group . In contrast , the extent of reduction in serum IL-8 was significantly greater with placebo versus curcuminoids ( p = 0.012 ) . Quality of life variations were associated with changes in serum TGFβ levels in both correlation and regression analyses . Adjuvant therapy with a bioavailable curcuminoid preparation can significantly improve QoL and suppress systemic inflammation in patients with solid tumors who are under treatment with st and ard chemotherapy protocol BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and is associated with disturbed metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins . Curcuminoids are natural products with anti-diabetic and lipid-modifying actions but their efficacy in improving dyslipidemia in diabetic individuals has not been sufficiently studied . OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of supplementation with curcuminoids , plus piperine as an absorption enhancer , in improving serum lipids in patients with T2D . METHODS In this 12-week r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , subjects with T2D ( n=118 ) were assigned to curcuminoids ( 1000mg/day plus piperine 10mg/day ) or placebo plus st and ard of care for T2D . Serum concentrations of lipids including total cholesterol ( TC ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , lipoprotein(a ) [ Lp(a ) ] , and non-HDL-C were determined at baseline and at the end of trial . RESULTS Between-group comparison of change in the study parameters revealed significant reductions in serum levels of TC ( -21.86±25.78 versus -17.06±41.51 , respectively ; p=0.023 ) , non-HDL-C ( -23.42±25.13 versus -16.84±41.42 , respectively ; p=0.014 ) and Lp(a ) ( -1.50±1.61 versus -0.34±1.73 , respectively ; p=0.001 ) and elevations in serum HDL-C levels ( 1.56±4.25 versus -0.22±4.62 , respectively ; p=0.048 ) in the curcuminoids group as compared with the placebo group ( p<0.05 ) . Serum TG and LDL-C changes did not show any significant difference between the study groups ( p>0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Curcuminoids supplementation can reduce serum levels of atherogenic lipid indices including non-HDL-C and Lp(a ) . Therefore , curcuminoids supplementation could contribute to a reduced risk of cardiovascular events in dyslipidemic patients with T2D Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is a global health problem . Although many aspects of NAFLD pathogenesis have been understood , there is a paucity of effective treatments to be used as the second line when lifestyle modification is insufficient . Curcumin , a natural polyphenol from turmeric , has been shown to be effective against development of hepatic steatosis and its progression to steatohepatitis , yet these beneficial effects have not been explored in clinical practice . The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of curcumin on hepatic fat content as well as biochemical and anthropometric features of patients with NAFLD . In this r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , patients with ultrasonographic evidence of NAFLD were r and omly assigned to receive an amorphous dispersion curcumin formulation ( 500 mg/day equivalent to 70-mg curcumin ) or matched placebo for a period of 8 weeks . Liver fat content ( assessed through ultrasonography ) , glycemic and lipid profile , transaminase levels , and anthropometric indices were evaluated at baseline and at the end of follow-up period . The clinical trial protocol was registered under the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ID : I RCT 2014110511763N18 . Compared with placebo , curcumin was associated with a significant reduction in liver fat content ( 78.9 % improvement in the curcumin vs 27.5 % improvement in the placebo group ) . There were also significant reductions in body mass index and serum levels of total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , triglycerides , aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase , glucose , and glycated hemoglobin compared with the placebo group . Curcumin was safe and well tolerated during the course of trial . Findings of the present proof-of-concept trial suggested improvement of different features of NAFLD after a short-term supplementation with curcumin . Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons , Studies in animals and a short-term human study have suggested that curcumin , a polyphenolic compound concentrated in the curry spice turmeric , decreases serum cholesterol concentration . However , no controlled human trials have examined the effect of curcumin on cholesterol . This study investigated the effects of consuming curcumin on the  serum lipid profile in men and women . Elderly subjects ( n=36 ) consumed 4 g/d curcumin , 1g/d curcumin , or placebo in a 6-month , r and omized , double-blind trial . Plasma curcumin and its metabolites were measured at 1 month , and the serum lipid profile was measured at baseline , 1 month , and 6 months . The plasma curcumin concentration reached a mean of 490 nmol/L. The  curcumin concentration was greater after capsule than powder administration . Consumption of either dose of curcumin did not significantly affect triacylglycerols , or total , LDL , and HDL cholesterol over 1 month or 6 months . However , the concentrations of plasma curcumin and serum cholesterol were positively and significantly correlated . Curcumin consumption does not appear to have a significant effect on the serum lipid profile , unless the absorbed concentration of curcumin is considered , in which case curcumin may modestly increase cholesterol Pulmonary problems are among the most frequent chronic complications of sulfur mustard ( SM ) intoxication and are often accompanied by deregulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines . Curcuminoids , comprising curcumin , demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin , are phytochemicals with remarkable anti-inflammatory properties that are derived from dried rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa L. ( turmeric ) . The present pilot study aim ed to investigate the clinical effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on markers of pulmonary function and systemic inflammation in SM-intoxicated subjects . In a r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , 89 male subjects who were suffering from chronic SM-induced pulmonary complications were recruited and assigned to either curcuminoids ( 500 mg TID per oral ; n=45 ) or placebo ( n=44 ) for a period of 4 weeks . Efficacy measures were changes in the spirometric parameters ( FVC , FEV1 , FEV1/FVC ) and serum levels of inflammatory mediators including interleukins 6 ( IL-6 ) and 8 ( IL-8 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNFα ) , transforming growth factor-β ( TGFβ ) , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) , calcitonin gene related peptide ( CGRP ) , substance P and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) . 78 subjects completed the trial .  Although FEV1 and FVC remained comparable between the groups , there was a greater effect of curcuminoids vs. placebo in improving FEV1/FVC ( p=0.002 ) . Curcuminoids were also significantly more efficacious compared to placebo in modulating all assessed inflammatory mediators : IL-6 ( p<0.001 ) , IL-8 ( p=0.035 ) , TNFα ( p<0.001 ) , TGFβ ( p<0.001 ) , substance P ( p=0.016 ) , hs-CRP ( p<0.001 ) , CGRP ( p<0.001 ) and MCP-1 ( p<0.001 ) . Curcuminoids  were safe and well-tolerated throughout the trial . Short-term adjunctive therapy with curcuminoids  can suppress systemic inflammation in patients suffering from SM-induced chronic pulmonary complications
target: The effects of curcuminoids on lipids were not found to be dependent on the duration of supplementation .
  Conclusion : This meta- analysis has shown that curcuminoid therapy significantly reduces plasma triglycerides and increases HDL-C levels
background: ABSTRACT Objective : The aim of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine and clarify the impact of curcuminoids on  serum lipid levels .