title: Root Canal Cleaning Efficacy of Rotary and Hand Files Instrumentation in Primary Molars Comparison of the cleaning capacity of Mtwo and Pro Taper rotary systems and manual instruments in primary teeth In vitro investigation of the cleaning efficacy, shaping ability, preparation time and file deformation of continuous rotary, reciprocating rotary and manual instrumentations in primary molars Comparison of zinc oxide and eugenol, and Vitapex for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth. 'Volumetric analysis of hand and rotary root canal instrumentation and filling in primary teeth using Spiral Computed Tomography' - an invitro study.
abstract: INTRODUCTION : Pulpectomy of primary teeth is commonly carried out with h and files and broaches ; a tricky and time consuming procedure . The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cleaning efficacy and time taken for instrumentation of deciduous molars using h and K-files and Flex Master rotary system . MATERIAL S AND METHODS : In this study , 68 canals of 23 extracted primary molars with at least two third intact roots and 7 - 12 mm length were selected . After preparing an access cavity , K-file size # 15 was introduced into the root canal and India ink was injected with an insulin syringe . Sixty sample s were r and omly divided in to experimental groups in group I ( n=30 ) , root canals were prepared with h and K-files ; in group II ( n=30 ) , rotary Flex Master files were used for instrumentation , and in group III 8 remained sample s were considered as negative controls . After clearing and root sectioning , the removal of India ink from cervical , middle , and apical thirds was scored . Data was analyzed using student 's T-test and Mann-Whitney U test . RESULTS : There was no significant difference between experimental groups cleaning efficacy at the cervical , middle and apical root canal thirds . Only the coronal third scored higher in the h and instrumented group ( P<0.001 ) . Instrumentation with Flex Master rotary files was significantly less time consuming ( P<0.001 ) . CONCLUSION : Although there was no difference in cleanliness efficacy at the apical and middle thirds , the coronal third was more effectively cleaned with h and files . Predictably , time efficiency was a significant advantage with rotary technique Background : Root canal cleaning is an important step in endodontic therapy . In order to develop better techniques , a new generation of endodontic instruments has been design ed . The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of manual K-files ( Mani Co , Tokyo , Japan ) and two rotary systems – Mtwo ( Dentsply-Maillefer , Ballaigues , Switzerl and ) and ProTaper ( VDW , Munich , Germany)–for root canal preparation in primary molars . Material s and Methods : India ink was injected to 160 mesiobuccal and distal root canals of m and ibular primary molars . The teeth were r and omly divided into three experimental groups and one control group . In each experimental group , either manual instruments ( K-files ) or rotary instruments ( Mtwo or ProTaper ) were used to prepare root canals . After cleaning the canals and clearing the teeth , ink removal was evaluated with a stereomicroscope . Statistical analysis was done with Kruskal – Wallis and Friedman tests . Results : There were no significant differences in cleaning efficiency between manual and rotary instruments . Only ProTaper files performed significantly better in the coronal and middle thirds than in the apical third of the root canal . Conclusion : Manual K-files and the Mtwo and ProTaper rotary systems showed equally acceptable cleaning ability in primary molar root canals Background . Efficient canal preparation is the key to successful root canal treatment . This study aim ed to assess the cleaning and shaping ability , preparation time and file deformation of rotary , reciprocating and manual instrumentation in canal preparation of primary molars . Methods . The mesiobuccal canals of 64 extracted primary m and ibular second molars were injected with India ink . The sample s were r and omly divided into one control and three experimental groups . Experimental groups were instrumented with K-file , Mtwo in continuous rotation and Reciproc in reciprocating motion , respectively . The control group received no treatment . The files were discarded after four applications . Shaping ability was evaluated using CBCT . After clearing , ink removal was scored . Preparation time and file fracture or deformation was also recorded . Data were analyzed with SPSS 19 using chi-squared , Fisher ’s exact test , Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc tests at a significance level of 0.05 . Results . Considering cleanliness , at coronal third Reciproc was better than K-file ( P < 0.001 ) , but not more effective than Mtwo ( P = 0.080 ) . Furthermore , Mtwo leaved the canal cleaner than K-file ( P = 0.001 ) . In the middle third , only Reciproc exhibited better cleaning efficacy than K-file ( P = 0.005 ) . In the apical third , no difference was detected between the groups ( P = 0.794 ) . Regarding shaping ability , no differences were found between Reciproc and Mtwo ( P = 1.00 ) . Meanwhile , both displayed better shaping efficacy than K-file ( P < 0.05 ) . Between each two groups , there were differences in preparation time ( P < 0.05 ) , with Reciproc being the fastest . No file failure occurred . Conclusion . Fast and sufficient cleaning and shaping could be achieved with Mtwo and especially with Reciproc OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to evaluate iodoform base material s for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth , and to compare them with traditionally used zinc oxide and eugenol ( ZOE ) . SAMPLE AND METHODS Zinc oxide and eugenol and Vitapex ( a premixed calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste ) were compared for root canal treatment in 52 necrotic primary teeth in two groups of children with a mean age of 5 years and 8.4 months . All the patients were followed-up clinical ly and radiographically 3 months and 10 - 16 months postoperatively . RESULTS The overall success rates of Vitapex and ZOE were 100 % and 78.5 % , respectively . Using Fisher 's Exact Test , the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Both ZOE and Vitapex gave encouraging results .  Vitapex , however , can be used more safely whenever there is a doubt about the patient 's return for follow-up AIM To compare and evaluate the volumetric analysis of pre- and post-root canal instrumentation in primary teeth using h and and rotary files and also to analyse the volume of root canal filling . MATERIAL S AND METHODS A total of 20 primary teeth were divided into two groups r and omly and subjected to spiral computed tomography ( SCT ) analysis before and after instrumentation . For manual technique ( Group 1 ) , teeth were prepared using K files and rotary ( Group 2 ) preparation was performed with Mtwo files .  Volumetric enlargement was calculated using Osirix software . Root canals were then filled with rotary lentulospiral using zinc oxide-eugenol cement ( ZOE ) . The filled volume in each canal was measured using SCT and the percentage of obturated volume was calculated . The data were statistically analysed using paired t-tests . RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the volume of root canal enlarged in both the groups . Rotary files showed significant increase in the volume compared to K files . Mtwo instrumented root canals showed good obturated volume compared to manual technique , although voids were common in both the groups . CONCLUSION Rotary root canal instrumentation may be indicated for utilization in primary teeth , for enhancing root canal preparation and good quality of root canal filling
target: Conclusion Rotary instrumentation shows equivalent cleaning efficiency than h and files depending on the system of instrumentation and techniques used .
  However , use of rotary in primary teeth leads to improved shaping of canals providing better quality of treatment in less time .
background: Aim To develop a scientifically current and evidence based protocol on the efficacy of rotary and h and root canal instrumentation in primary teeth .
  How to cite this article Panchal V , Jeevan and an G , et al. Comparison between the Effectiveness of Rotary and Manual Instrumentation in Primary Teeth : A Systematic Review .