title: Weight loss on low-fat vs. low-carbohydrate diets by insulin resistance status among overweight adults and adults with obesity: A randomized pilot trial. Obesity phenotype and incident hypertension: a prospective community-based cohort study Total and visceral adipose-tissue volumes derived from measurements with computed tomography in adult men and women: predictive equations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE To test for differential weight loss response to low-fat ( LF ) vs. low-carbohydrate ( LC ) diets by insulin resistance status with emphasis on overall quality of both diets . METHODS Sixty-one adults , BMI 28 - 40 kg/m(2 ) , were r and omized in a 2 × 2 design to LF or LC by insulin resistance status in this pilot study . Primary outcome was 6-month weight change . Participants were characterized as more insulin resistant ( IR ) or more insulin sensitive ( IS ) by median split of baseline insulin-area-under-the-curve from an oral glucose tolerance test . Intervention consisted of 14 one-hour class-based educational sessions . RESULTS Baseline % carbohydrate:% fat:% protein was 44:38:18 . At 6 months , the LF group reported 57:21:22 and the LC group reported 22:53:25 ( IR and IS combined ) . Six-month weight loss ( kg ) was 7.4 ± 6.0 ( LF-IR ) , 10.4 ± 7.8 ( LF-IS ) , 9.6 ± 6.6 ( LC-IR ) , and 8.6 ± 5.6 ( LC-IS ) . No significant main effects were detected for weight loss by diet group or IR status ; there was no significant diet × IR interaction . Significant differences in several secondary outcomes were observed . CONCLUSIONS Substantial weight loss was achieved overall , but a significant diet × IR status interaction was not observed . Opportunity to detect differential response may have been limited by the focus on high diet quality for both diet groups and sample size Objective : The relationship betweens the healthy obese phenotype and the risk of cardiovascular events remains unclear . We prospect ively investigated the association between the obesity phenotype and the incidence of hypertension . Methods : We studied 2352 participants , aged 40–69 years at baseline , with normal blood pressure ( BP ) from the Ansan cohort and the Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study . Participants were divided into six groups based on BMI and the metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) components : healthy ( none of the five MetS components ) normal weight ( BMI < 23 kg/m2 ) , unhealthy ( one or more MetS component ) normal weight , healthy overweight ( BMI 23–24.9 kg/m2 ) , unhealthy overweight , healthy obesity ( BMI ≥25 kg/m2 ) , and unhealthy obesity .  The incidence of hypertension was identified by biennial health examinations during the 8-year follow-up . Results : After adjusting for age , sex , cohort , physical activity , smoking , alcohol consumption , and family history of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases , an increased risk for hypertension in combined cohort was observed in the healthy obesity [ hazard ratio ( HR ) : 2.20 , 95 % confidence interval (CI):1.34–3.60 ] , unhealthy overweight ( HR : 1.47 , 95 % CI : 1.00–2.14 ) , and unhealthy obesity ( HR : 2.45 , 95 % CI : 1.79–3.37 ) , compared with the healthy normal weight group . In each cohort , the healthy obesity was still associated with a higher incidence of hypertension ( HR 2.20 , 95 % CI 1.11–4.36 for the Ansan cohort and HR 2.21 , 95 % CI 1.01–4.83 for the Ansung cohort ) . Conclusion : These findings provide evidence that the metabolically healthy obese phenotype may not be a benign condition Total and visceral adipose-tissue ( AT ) volumes were determined by computed tomography ( CT ) by a multiscan technique in 17 men and 10 women with a wide range of body weights . In these primary material s , weight , height , and various diameters , circumferences , and subcutaneous AT thicknesses of the trunk were examined for their relationships to CT-determined total and visceral AT volumes . Predictive AT equations from the primary material s were then tested on two cross-validation groups consisting of another 7 men and 9 women . For the prediction of the total AT volume , weight/height was the superior single predictor , with errors less than 11 % in primary and cross-validation material s. For the prediction of visceral AT volume , simple equations based entirely on the sagittal diameter of the trunk at the L3-L5 level result ed in errors less than 21 % in both sexes
target: Following intervention , there was certain and significant improvement of metabolic state for metabolically abnormal obesity ( MAO ) subjects .
  Only diastolic blood pressure had reduced for MHO individuals after intervention .
  Conclusions : Almost one-third of the obese individuals are in metabolic health .
  However , they are still at higher risk of advancing to unhealthy state .
background: Background : We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis to firstly obtain a reliable estimation of the prevalence of metabolically healthy obese ( MHO ) individuals in obesity , then assessed the risk of developing metabolic abnormalities ( MA ) among MHO individuals .
  At last , we evaluated the effects of traditional lifestyle interventions on metabolic level for MHO subjects .