title: Effects of pinitol isolated from soybeans on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean patients with type II diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled study Effects of d-chiro-inositol in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Long-term effects of nutraceuticals (berberine, red yeast rice, policosanol) in elderly hypercholesterolemic patients Effects of a New Flavonoid and Myo-Inositol Supplement on Some Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Trial Effects of a dietary supplement on cholesterol in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Uncoupling between insulin and release of a D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator of insulin action in obese women With polycystic ovary syndrome. Myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, folic acid and manganese in second trimester of pregnancy: a preliminary investigation. The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes.
abstract: Objective : To assess the effects of soybean-derived pinitol on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean patients with type II diabetes mellitus . Design : R and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel-group trial . Setting : Pusan Paik Hospital , Pusan , Republic of Korea . Interventions : A total of 30 patients with type II diabetes received an oral dose of 600 mg soybean-derived pinitol or placebo twice daily for 13 weeks . Results : Pinitol significantly decreased mean fasting plasma glucose , insulin , fructosamine , HbA1c , and the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR , P<0.001 ) . Pinitol significantly decreased total cholesterol , LDL-cholesterol , the LDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio , and systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increased HDL-cholesterol ( P<0.05 ) . Conclusions : These data suggest that soybean-derived pinitol may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk in Korean type II diabetes . Sponsorship : This study was supported by a grant of the Korea Health 21 R&D Project , Ministry of Health & Welfare , Republic of Korea ( HMP 02-PJ1-PG3 - 22005 - 0011 ) OBJECTIVE To determine whether the administration of D-chiro-inositol , a putative insulin-sensitizing drug , would affect the concentration of circulating insulin , the levels of serum and rogens , and the frequency of ovulation in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome . METHODS In 20 lean women ( body mass index , 20.0 to 24.4 kg/m 2 ) who had the polycystic ovary syndrome , treatment was initiated with either 600 mg of D-chiro-inositol or placebo orally once daily for 6 to 8 weeks . We performed oral glucose tolerance tests and measured serum sex steroids before and after therapy . To monitor for ovulation , we determined serum progesterone concentrations weekly . RESULTS In the 10 women given D-chiro-inositol , the mean ( + /- st and ard error ) area under the plasma insulin curve after oral administration of glucose decreased significantly from 8,343 + /- 1,149 mU/mL per min to 5,335 + /- 1,792 mU/mL per min in comparison with no significant change in the placebo group ( P = 0.03 for difference between groups ) . Concomitantly , the serum free testosterone concentration decreased by 73 % from 0.83 + /- 0.11 ng/dL to 0.22 + /- 0.03 ng/dL , a significant change in comparison with essentially no change in the placebo group ( P = 0.01 ) . Six of the 10 women ( 60 % ) in the D-chiro-inositol group ovulated in comparison with 2 of the 10 women ( 20 % ) in the placebo group ( P = 0.17 ) . Systolic ( P = 0.002 ) and diastolic ( P = 0.001 ) blood pressures , as well as plasma triglyceride concentrations ( P = 0.001 ) , decreased significantly in the D-chiro-inositol group in comparison with the placebo group , in which these variables either increased ( blood pressure ) or decreased minimally ( triglycerides ) . CONCLUSION We conclude that , in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome , D-chiro-inositol reduces circulating insulin , decreases serum and rogens , and ameliorates some of the metabolic abnormalities ( increased blood pressure and hypertriglyceridemia ) of syndrome Introduction Statins are at the forefront of strategies to manage dyslipidemia , although they are not always well tolerated . At 6–7 months after the drug was supplied , discontinuation rates averaged 30 % . Alternate agents to statins have been studied . Some nutraceuticals demonstrated an efficacy in reducing cholesterol concentrations . However , there are no data regarding the use of nutraceuticals in elderly dyslipidemic patients . The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy , safety , and tolerability of a nutraceutical-based protocol in elderly hypercholesterolemic patients previously intolerant to statins . Methods This study was performed as a r and omized , prospect i ve , parallel group , single-blind study . Patients were included in the study if they had high total cholesterolemia , high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , > 75 years of age , statin-intolerant , and were refusing other pharmaceutical treatments for hypercholesterolemia . At the baseline visit , eligible patients were r and omized to either nutraceutical-combined pill ( containing berberine 500 mg , policosanol 10 mg , red yeast rice 200 mg , folic acid 0.2 mg , coenzyme Q10 2.0 mg , and astaxanthin 0.5 mg ) or placebo , and the first dose was dispensed . The efficacy , safety , and tolerability of the proposed treatment were fully assessed after 3 , 6 , and 12 months of treatment . Results Out of 106 consecutive patients screened , 80 eligible patients were r and omized to receive either nutraceutical-combined pill ( 40 patients ) or placebo ( 40 patients ) . No patients were lost and no deaths occurred during the follow-up . There was a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterolemia ( −20 % ) , LDL-C ( −31 % ) , and insulin resistance ( −10 % ) with nutraceutical treatment . No significant changes were detected for plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) . Furthermore , no statistical differences were found between baseline and end- study safety parameters . Medication compliance and tolerability were high . Conclusion In this study the authors have demonstrated that combined nutraceuticals significantly reduce cholesterolemia and achieved acceptable plasma LDL-C levels in elderly hypercholesterolemic patients who were previously statin-intolerant .  Combined nutraceuticals is also safe and well tolerated in these patients Background and Aim . Cardiovascular risk is increased in women with menopause and metabolic syndrome . Aim of this study was to test the effect of a new supplement formula , combining cocoa polyphenols , myo-inositol , and soy isoflavones , on some biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome . Methods and Results . A total of 60 women were enrolled and r and omly assigned ( n = 30 per group ) to receive the supplement ( NRT : 30 mg of cocoa polyphenols , 80 mg of soy isoflavones , and 2 gr of myo-inositol ) , or placebo for 6 months . The study protocol included three visits ( baseline , 6 , and 12 months ) for the evaluation of glucose , triglycerides , and HDL-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , adiponectin , visfatin , resistin , and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase ( bone-ALP ) . At 6 months , a significant difference between NRT and placebo was found for glucose ( 96 ± 7 versus 108 ± 10 mg/dL ) , triglycerides ( 145 ± 14 versus 165 ± 18 mg/dL ) , visfatin ( 2.8 ± 0.8 versus 3.7 ± 1.1 ng/mL ) , resistin ( 27 ± 7 versus 32 ± 8 µg/L ) , and b-ALP ( 19 ± 7 versus 15 ± 5 µg/mL ) . No difference in HDL-C concentrations nor in adiponectin levels between groups was reported at 6 months . Conclusions . The supplement used in this study improves most of the biomarkers linked to metabolic syndrome . This Trial is registered with NCT01400724 BACKGROUND AND AIMS Prospect i ve studies have demonstrated that the risk of death due to ischaemic heart disease is strongly correlated with blood cholesterol ( TC ) levels . Diet is the basic treatment for all dyslipidaemia . If diet alone proves inadequate , supplements can be used to try to reduce cholesterol levels . These substances are indicated in moderate dyslipidaemia , as they are able to induce a moderate reduction in blood cholesterol . The objective of our study was to investigate the effects of a dietary supplement containing Omega-3 , Policosanol , Resveratrol , L-carnitine , Monascus purpureus , Coenzyme Q10 , Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 on TC ( primary end point ) and LDL , triglycerides and HDL ( secondary endpoints ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved 40 men and 40 women recruited from the outpatient section of our Department r and omly assigned to the treatment group ( A ) or the control group ( B ) . RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction in TC 6 months after the end of treatment in both groups . In Group A , there was also a statistically significant change in HDL , LDL and TG , while in group B , there was no statistically significant change in HDL , LDL or TG . CONCLUSIONS The dietary supplement used in our study , in combination with a balanced diet and physical exercise , was found to induce a significant reduction in TC and LDL-C and an improvement in HDL-C. In contrast , while a balanced diet together with physical exercise but without the dietary supplement produced a significant reduction in TC , it had no significant effect on the other lipid parameters tested BACKGROUND Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) manifest impaired insulin-stimulated release of a d-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan ( DCI-IPG ) insulin mediator during oral glucose tolerance testing ( OGTT ) , which appears to be restored by the administration of metformin . This suggests that either obesity or PCOS is associated with a defect in the coupling of the stimulation of the insulin receptor by insulin to the release of the DCI-IPG mediator . The objective of this study was to compare the release of bioactive DCI-IPG between normal nonobese women and obese PCOS women during stimulation with two different concentrations of insulin when glucose levels are clamped . METHODS We performed a cross-sectional case-control study at the clinical research center of an academic medical center . A two-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp was carried out in 8 nonobese normal and 8 obese PCOS women , during which DCI-IPG bioactivity was monitored . RESULTS At baseline , PCOS women were significantly more obese , hyperinsulinemic , and insulin resistant than the controls . During the clamp studies , DCI-IPG bioactivity increased significantly over the first 45 min of the low-insulin step of the clamp in normal nonobese women ( P = 0.046 ) and then decreased to baseline levels ; DCI-IPG increased again after initiation of the high-insulin step ( P = 0.029 ) . Despite higher insulin levels during the clamp in PCOS women , DCI-IPG bioactivity remained flat throughout both insulin steps and was thus significantly lower than in controls during the initial periods of both steps . CONCLUSIONS The coupling between insulin action and the release of the DCI-IPG mediator is selectively impaired in obese PCOS women , which may contribute to the insulin resistance in these women DESIGN AND PURPOSE The supplemental administration of myo-inositol , D-chiro-inositol , folic acid and manganese ( MDFM ) was tested in a prospect i ve , r and omized , double-blind , placebo controlled clinical trial , pilot study , to test the hypothesis that its supplemental administration in the second trimester of pregnancy would improve glucose and glycemic parameters and blood pressure . SUBJECTS AND METHODS Non-obese uniparous healthy pregnant women between 13th and 24th week of pregnancy were divided into two groups : group I , control group with placebo , and the group II , women in treatment with myo-inositol , D-chiro-inositol , folic acid and manganese . The main outcome measures were the comparative analysis of the parameters analyzed at time 0 , after 30 days and 60 days ; secondary outcome measure was the overall analysis of investigated parameters . RESULTS 24 women were allocated to receive MDFM and 24 the placebo . The two groups did not significantly differ for demographic , lipidic and glycemic parameter and blood pressure . After 30 days , significantly lower cholesterol ( p = 0.0001 ) , significantly lower LDL ( p = 0.0013 ) , lower TG ( p < 0.0001 ) and lower glycemia ( p = 0.0021 ) were observed all favoring group II . No significant difference was observed for HDL , diastolic and systolic blood pressure . After 60 days , significant difference was observed for cholesterol ( p = 0.0001 ) , LDL ( p = 0.0001 ) , HDL ( p = 0.0001 ) , TG ( p = 0.0001 ) , glycemia ( p = 0.0064 ) , all favoring the group treated with MDFM . No significant differences were observed for systolic ( p = 0.12 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p = 0.42 ) . When examining for overall differences between the two groups , a significant difference was observed for examined parameters at time 0 and at time 60 ; cholesterol ( p = 0.0001 ) , LDL ( p = 0.0001 ) , HDL ( p = 0.047 ) , TG ( p = 0.0001 ) and glycemia ( p = 0.019 ) were reduced in the MDFM group . A significant reduction was also observed in group II for systolic blood pressure after 60 days of intervention ( p = 0.0092 ) , but not for diastolic blood pressure ( p = 0.29 ) . CONCLUSIONS MDFM administration after 30 days in pregnancy improved glycemic and lipidic parameters , with significant gain after 60 days , without affecting diastolic blood pressure levels AIM To test the hypothesis that myoinositol supplementation will improve insulin sensitivity as measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes . METHODS The trial was carried out in diet-treated patients with gestational diabetes diagnosed in our department between April 2008 and September 2009 . Subjects were r and omly assigned to receive either myoinositol supplementation ( 4 g daily ) plus folic acid ( 400 μg daily)-the study group-or folic acid only ( 400 μg daily)-the control group . Both groups received the same diet prescription . Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin were assayed while fasting at the time of the diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test and after 8 weeks of treatment . RESULTS There were 69 evaluable patients , 24 in the study group and 45 in the control group . Fasting glucose and insulin , and consequently homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance , decreased in both groups ( 50 % in the study group vs. 29 % in the control group ) , but the decline in the study group was significantly greater than that in the control group ( P = 0.0001 ) . Adiponectin increased in the myoinositol group while it decreased in the control group ( P = 0.009 ) . CONCLUSION Myoinositol improves insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes
target: Conclusions Inositol supplementation may result in reduction in triglycerides , total- and LDL-cholesterol levels , but did not affect HDL-cholesterol levels  among patients with metabolic diseases .
background: Background Several studies have evaluated the effect of inositol supplementation on lipid profiles among population with metabolic diseases ; however , the findings are controversial .
  This review of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) was performed to summarize the evidence of the effects of inositol supplementation on lipid profiles among population with metabolic diseases .