More research is needed to shed more light on the link between financial decision making within the household and financial literacy. The female labour force participation rate is relatively high (72%) and the gender pay gap is among the lowest in the OECD (the difference in median eamings for male and female full-time employees was about 8% of male eamings in 2009) (OECD 2012b). Similarly, there is virtually no difference in access to basic formal financial products (Demirguc-Kunt and Klapper, 2012). Life expectancy in New Zealand is relatively high with respect to the OECD average, making retirement issues particularly salient.