There is a need to go beyond the false dichotomy of voluntary/ forced migration, and to recognise that forced migration can offer a valuable pool of qualified labour (in Chanda, 2010: 29). A clear division of institutional responsibility is required’ (Betts and Kaytaz, 2009: 26). Furthermore, there are ‘hard law norms - in terms of International Human Rights Law - but what is needed is a “soft law” consolidation of those norms to highlight their implications for survival migration’ (in Chanda, 2010: 28).