Introduction Tracy Isaacs Part I. Collective Accountability in International Law: 1. Collective responsibility and post-conflict justice Mark A. Drumbl 2. State criminality and the ambition of international criminal law David Luban 3. Punishing genocide: a critical reading of the International Court of Justice Anthony F. Lang, Jr 4. Joint criminal enterprise, the Nuremberg precedent, and the concept of 'Grotian moment' Michael P. Scharf 5. Collective responsibility and transnational corporate conduct Sara L. Seck 6. Collective punishment and mass confinement Larry May Part II. Distributing Accountability: 7. Reparative justice Erin I. Kelly 8. The distributive effect of collective punishment Avia Pasternak 9. Citizen responsibility and the reactive attitudes: blaming Americans for war crimes in Iraq Amy Sepinwall 10. Kicking bodies and damning souls: the danger of harming 'innocent' individuals while punishing 'delinquent' states Toni Erskine 11. Punishing collectives: states or nations? Richard Vernon.