The advent of democracy in South Africa in 1994 has resulted in a radical law reform process, new systems of governance, and significantly transformed planning and decision-making processes. At the same time, principles of sustainability, integration, participation, social and environmental justice have also been placed squarely on the South African political agenda. Local government has become the intended focal point for addressing the socio-economic needs of local communities and sustainable service delivery, with the principal tool for achieving these developmental objectives the Integrated Development Plan (IDP). This paper examines the available policy frameworks, including those at the national level, guiding incorporation of environmental sustainability considerations into IDPs and highlights difficulties of achieving this in practice. Ideas for moving beyond rhetoric to practical mainstreaming of environmental sustainability considerations in IDPs are provided.