This chapter sets out the case study of Victoria’s banning notice legislation. The key operational components of banning notices are explained in the first part of the chapter. The research design and methodology from which the case study has been developed are then outlined. The third part of the chapter explores the arguments and rhetoric which underpinned the passage of the banning legislation: key assumptions are examined, parliamentary discourse is analysed, and consideration is given to the effect of the underlying presumptions and justifications upon the compliance requirements of Victoria’s Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006. The final part of the chapter considers whether the claims made to justify the need for Victoria’s banning provisions have been meaningfully tested: published banning notice data is examined, media coverage of banning and its use/effectiveness is analysed, and key findings from interview research with Victorian Magistrates are presented.