If one assumes that the top three occupational categories (technicians and association professionals, professionals, and legislators, senior officials and managers) are those requiring some level of formal tertiary education, only 23% of the occupations in the Northern Corridor Economic Region and 19% in the Northern Corridor Economic Region not including Penang require this level of education. Most of the occupations continue to require only basic education and training at the secondary level or less. While precise data were not available, the level of highly skilled labour in Penang is likely to be at or slightly above the national average and the level for the remainder of the Northern Corridor Economic Region significantly below that level. Within these, the areas of development most relevant to Penang are manufacturing, especially increasing the "value added" in electrical and electronics (E&E) and in services, especially tourism.