However, the discussion remains focussed on the total effect, without decomposing the fertiliser and biofuel policies. The modified reference scenario assumes that biofuel mandates are binding in all countries apart from Brazil, and that the EU blending target of 7% will be met. In Brazil, the share of biofuels in total transport fuel use is projected to be 12%, which is significantly lower than the results presented above (32%).3 Compared with the non-modified reference scenario, the mandatory biofuel shares have a higher ad valorem equivalent subsidy (about 1.5 percentage points higher in each of the countries with biofuel mandates).34 This implies that abolishing the assumed biofuel policies should intensify the results described above on agricultural production and prices, and, as a result, income in all affected countries apart from Brazil.