The Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management is the line ministry, a ministry with specific responsibility for strategy, planning and priority setting for water resources. This includes irrigation water for agriculture, wastewater treatment, cooling water for industry and the water quality of the main water bodies. The Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment is the line ministry responsible for water services (i.e. water supply for households and industry) and sewage.3 A closer look at their prerogatives shows that such ministries embrace a wide diversity of areas, including transport, public works, water management, housing, spatial planning and the environment. This may in fact be equivalent to having six different ministerial departments or agencies, with a silo approach not only between but also within ministries if co-ordination tools are not set-up.