Some studies focused specifically on these themes, while others were more general, exploring the impact of CT on poverty alleviation with sub-objectives focused on gender relations and household decision-making (column 10). Five of the studies reviewed showed a reduction in IPV after receipt of the CT (Buller et al., For ease of reference, we have named these the: 1) economic security and emotional wellbeing pathway, 2) intrahousehold conflict pathway, and 3) women’s empowerment pathway.