The picture highlights a higher average of the ex-ante stochastic component in the case of the trading sectors compared with non-traded ones, especially in the most recent rounds, net of the usual jump between VLSS and VHLSS. Again, if we are willing to assume it is the upper bound of a proper measure of the trade-induced risk component, the plain conclusion is that, not only is risk increasing over time in Viet Nam under Doi Moi, but that its relevance (in terms of net contribution to the variance of household consumption) is proportionally higher the higher the trade exposure of the sector the household is involved in. If that were the case, it would be a very relevant issue for policymaking anyway since it would also imply a revision of the assumed trade benefits for the welfare of Vietnamese households working in the most exposed trading sectors.