And how does it reconstitute gender relationships? I situate these questions within the literatures on gendered migration and social reproduction (Kofman and Raghuram 2015) and migrant social protection (Sabates-Wheeler and Feldman 2011), and draw particularly on the concept of depleted social reproduction (Rai et al. Thefourth section summarizes the key features of Ethiopian migrant regimes and childcare regimes in Australia and Lebanon. The fifth section presents narrative vignettes of migrant mothers in the two countries.