It should also be noted that urban areas are constantly evolving as a result of people’s mobility, natural population growth, socioeconomic development, environmental changes, and local and national policies. Challenges to the institutional capacities for improving access to sound infrastructure, decent employment, and reducing vulnerability to pollution, natural disasters and other risks, loom large. Large and wealthier cities, in particular, may have well-managed resource systems but they also have larger ecological footprints.