Armed groups have a predominant role in the violations of international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights committed in conflict settings during the last decades. Although there is a consensus on the IHL obligations applicable to armed groups during non-international armed conflicts, there is no regulation of the legal consequences of their violation. This article analyses the answers given by the international law to the issue of the international responsibility of the armed groups, both in terms of individual members as well as collectivities. The study will conclude with a reflection on a new model of international responsibility applied to armed groups themselves.