Thus, low labour force participation and lack of access to employment are an important component of the dominance of the labour market in driving South African inequality. This very low contribution arises because of the low correlation between the rank ordering of transfer income as well as the low Gini coefficient for state transfers. In 1993 and even more so by 2000, state transfers were heavily concentrated in the middle of the distribution as access to a State Old Age Pension or Disability Grant was sufficient to lift most households out of the bottom quintile, while the means tests for these grants excluded households at the upper end of the income distribution.