This may have substantial consequences for water quality, especially in the Mississippi river and the northern Gulf of Mexico (De la Torre Ugarte et al., If nutrient inputs are required for wood plantations, infiltration and runoff of nitrogen may also pose a risk to groundwater (Lattimore etal., Another important conclusion is that the location of production and the type of tillage production, crop rotation system and other farm management practices used in producing feedstocks for bioenergy production will also greatly influence water quality (De la Torre Ugarte et al.,