These three aspects are covered in more detail in the publication Biodiversity for Development (Cadman et al., Biodiversity mainstreaming initiatives can stand or fall based on the quality of the leadership and the relationships built among partners. The scarcity of skills for effective biodiversity mainstreaming leadership remains a barrier to such initiatives. In many South African cases, partnerships are the foundation for successful biodiversity mainstreaming, in which organisations from different sectors come together to solve issues of mutual interest. Thus, investing time and resources in developing people and partnerships should be a significant part of the practice of biodiversity mainstreaming.