Livestock production is also expected to be affected by heat stress and changes to feed and pasture resources. Rising temperatures can shorten the reproductive cycle of many pests, which will also increase their risk to agricultural plants. Because of the diverse peculiarities of the weather in the different parts of the national space, the transport system is relatively flexible, recognizing both the normal atmospheric conditions and local characteristics and manifestations of extreme meteorological phenomena diat directly or indirectly affect the functioning of the transport sector. For the period 2040-2070, cost reductions (2.4 per cent annually) are expected for winter maintenance of the road infrastructure as a consequence of the mitigation of weather conditions during the winter months.