In the panel, the units of analysis are the Brazilian states during the period from 1995 to 2009. Section II reviews the Brazilian and international literature on the triangular relationship between poverty, economic growth and inequality, and offers a brief history of inequality in Brazil. Section III provides theoretical definitions of income-poverty and inequality-poverty elasticities. Section IV discusses the database, while section V introduces the econometric model and its estimation methods and presents an analysis of the results.