Within the database, the influence of quotas, tariff-rate quotas and other specific duties have been converted to ad valorem tariff equivalents. Data on export subsidies are obtained from country level notifications to the WTO and from the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund. The base year for this release is 2011 where 11 new regions have been added with an existing 20 updated. In particular, there is no information for the agricultural sector on non-tariff and behind the border barriers that could also have a significant impact on trade. These range from quarantine and product safety requirements, to other requirements such as labelling and barriers to trade created by differences in regulatory approaches (Box 2.1).