A good example of this approach is the Republic of Korea’s eGovFrame (chapter III). Such standards are particularly important in situations when modularity is given priority. A further step is to apply open standards and open document formats. As highlighted in chapter IV, there are strong arguments for relying on FOSS when developing public software systems. If e-government architectures are highly modular, it is more likely that FOSS applications can be found or developed for each small component.