The period covers the crises of 2001 -2002 and 2008-2009 and the economic boom that took place between 2003 and 2008. Shorter reference periods were selected for access to basic services and new technologies, essentially because of the limited availability and quality of survey data. Firstly, they improve the chances of access to quality employment and better wages, thereby contributing to social mobility and helping to break the intergenerational transmission of inequality and poverty. Secondly, they put people in a better position to participate in democratic processes and exercise their rights as citizens.