In general, this ratio tends to be higher in less developed countries, reflecting the fact that the median wage earner is relatively low-paid (Chapter 1). In 2014, about 9% of employees were earning the minimum wage, down from above 13% in 2010, a level close to that in France, slightly above Latvia (8%) and much higher than in Estonia (3%).20 After some decrease in 2015, that share increased again in 2016, reaching about 10% of full-time employees. But minimum wages can also come with efficiency loss if set at a level that keep workers away from employment, which might especially be the case in labour-intensive industries competing in international markets. In general, minimum wage studies on Central Eastern and South-Eastern European countries tend to find some disemployment effects, although strong conclusions cannot be drawn (Raei etal.,