Equally, the appropriate portfolio of energy technologies depends on each country’s own initial conditions, including the technical and economic potential for electricity generation and its location relative to consumers, as well as the existing distribution system. However, transmission and distribution (T&D) has often been neglected both in the policy discourse and financially (Hogarth and Granoff, 2015). Despite recent progress, the density of transmission lines remains extremely low by international standards, and local grids remain poorly interconnected internationally (and sometimes even nationally).