Data from the survey of Kyrgyz migrants (GMER 2013 /14) showed no statistically significant differences between females and males: 92 per cent of them work, 6 per cent work and study whereas students and homemakers each make up less than 1 per cent. According to the online survey of migrants from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan (GMER 2016), both female and male migrants from these countries were mostly in paid employment but women much more often than men would stay at home and do housework (figure 8). The consensus picture emerging from the literature is that men work mostly in construction, manufacturing and transport whereas women mostly work in trade and services (Tyuryukanova, 2011, p. 27, Mukomel, 2013, p. 26).