This chapter maps women’s access to public life and highlights the rationale and the scope for the study. It outlines study objectives and details the methodology adopted in preparing the report. It highlights active measures to advance gender equality in public life and provides actionable recommendations to governments, supported by examples of good practices from OECD countries and key partner countries. It also falls under the broader framework of the OECD Gender Initiative launched by Ministers in 2010 to help governments in OECD and non-OECD countries promote gender equality by deepening the knowledge base on gender equality issues, further developing indicators to measure progress in gender equality, developing evidence-based policy recommendations, and enhancing cross-national policy learning and transferability.