Concessional finance to STI amounts to USD 10.5 billion per year, representing 5.9 % of total concessional finance by DAC members, multilateral organisations and other countries. The largest share of concessional finance supports research related to development challenges. Non-concessional finance represent a minor share of total development finance, however, it still represents nearly USD 3 billion per year, not counting export credits.7 Non-concessional finance mainly consist loans from multilateral development banks towards technology-related infrastructure projects, e.g. relating to ICTs and renewable energy, and investments in raising countries’ technological and innovative capacity.