Leadership: there needs to be both formal and informal political leadership from within government and/or from other stakeholders to ensure the legitimacy of the NUP process and effectiveness of implementation. Inclusive and equitable: NUPs need to be inclusive and enable stakeholders to effectively engage in the process, making sure all voices are heard. Priority issues: a NUP should be people-centred, it needs to complement and not replicate strong sectorial strategies in areas such as infrastructure, water, energy, health, education, housing or social and economic inclusion policies.