For instance, in Finland, the Job Start experiment run from 2006 to 2009 helped young people unsure about their options to clarify study choices and increase their learning skills and motivation in liaison with existing VET / apprenticeship programmes. The network created between staff and the participating institutions, as well as the individual approach proved to be key to the success of the pilot (Jappinen, 2010). Also in Germany, ‘preapprenticeship’ training exists to prepare those who are not ready to enter an apprenticeship because they lack either motivation or the basic skills needed to succeed in his type of programme. The programme consists of a subsidised internship in a firm where predominantly basic practical skills and literacy are conveyed.