The OECD guidelines for good practice set forth a number of options that could be considered to support efforts to move toward the sustainable management of water quality in agriculture. The greater use of economic instruments (e.g. water quality trading, pollution taxes) to address non-point source pollution can improve the cost effectiveness10 of measures. While water quality trading has the potential to lower the cost of achieving improved water quality, in practice, experience w ith such programmes remains fairly limited to date.11 Design features (e.g. scale, compliance requirements, transaction costs) have an important bearing on their overall performance in reaching environmental and efficiency objectives. Current efforts to advance sustainable agricultural practices (including, for example, “precision agriculture”) could be considerably scaled-up and provide opportunities for green growth.