Evidence from a number of countries converges in that sense, showing that the worst-off have higher rates of alcohol-related problems and mortality than the better-off (Najman et al, 2007,Hemstrom 2002, Harrison and Gardiner, 1999), even for the same level of drinking (Makela and Paljarvi, 2008, Grittner et al., Hence, the gradient of inequities in alcohol related harm is not consistently in line with the gradient of inequalities in alcohol use. Lastly, alcohol consumption may have larger societal impacts in addition to its health outcomes.