Whereas the production of ethanol reached over 97 billion litres in 2012, that of biodiesel was roughly 26 billion litres. Ethanol production is led by the United States (45 bn litres) and Brazil (24 bn litres), with China, the European Union, Canada and India also producing significant quantities.6 Biodiesel production is strongly concentrated in the European Union (11 bn litres in 2012), while the United States, Argentina and Brazil also produced more than 2 bn litres each. Biodiesel is today produced mainly from virgin vegetable oils, but can be made from any lipid source, such as used cooking oil and tallow.7 Feedstock quantities used for the production of biofuels are significant: 11% of global coarse grains produced, 13% of vegetable oils and 16% of sugar cane were used in the production of biofuels in 2012 (OECD-FAO, 2013).