To this end, the Albertan policy provides for the funding of “provincial level monitoring of wetlands, specified wetland inventory work and data acquisition public education and outreach programmes” (Alberta Government, 2013). The risk associated with non-restorative compensation is that it may abandon the link between impact and compensation and thereby undermine its efficacy. The implementation of the Compensatory Afforestation programme in India has been criticised on these grounds as it permits the proceeds of certain payments in-lieu to be used for the construction of infrastructure, capacity building and office support at the expense of afforestation activities (Kohli et al.,