The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the governments of its member countries. It examines the ways in which governments can strengthen agricultural incomes, while enabling households to diversify their income sources and take advantage of non-farm employment opportunities. Hence, while policies need to improve opportunities within agriculture for those who potentially have a competitive future in the sector, they also need to create wider opportunities for those who do not, or could earn higher incomes elsewhere.