The chapter then takes a detailed look at specific aid-for-trade programmes that are building trade-related infrastructure and digital connectivity, making use of the case stories submitted in the context of the 2015 and 2017 OECD-WTO monitoring exercises. This is followed by a brief overview of academic findings on the results of aid-for-trade investments, as well as recent evaluations of donor aid-for-trade strategies and programmes. Finally, the chapter provides an analysis of 2015 aid-for-trade commitments and of the prospects for 2016, closing with a series of conclusions. It calls for an equally broad and ambitious financing strategy. The resources required are immense—as much as USD 4.5 trillion per annum according to some estimates (Sachs et al, 2014). The first International Conference on Financing for Development (2002) highlighted that in many cases trade is the single most important external source of development finance (UN, 2002).