First of all, irregular migrants may face numerous hardships, including detention, unsatisfactory housing, poor access to water and sanitation, difficult working conditions, and the stress and insecurity caused by their situation.55 Secondly, their mental health may be affected by the social isolation they experience as a result of being separated from family and social networks, as well as by job insecurity, difficult living conditions and exploitative treatment. Finally, many irregular migrants experience sexual and gender-based violence, become vulnerable to illness, or lose access to essential health documentation in the course of the often long and precarious journeys they make to reach their countries of destination. The Special Rapporteur on the right to health has noted that irregular migrants "may face extreme health risks during transit owing to hazardous conditions such as being cramped or hidden in boats or trucks. They may also face physical and sexual violence during transit.