Alternative or additional income generating opportunities are therefore needed to support the millions of poor families who can no longer rely solely on the land for their livelihoods. First, it has resulted in production falling short of the growing demand, with smaller stocks of food surpluses available around the world.15 Second, the decline in infrastructure investment has contributed to high production and distribution costs that in turn have kept food prices high and exacerbated the lack of access to food, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The cost of transportation and distribution will be critical in shaping strategies and policies for agriculture. Reversing these trends will require a shift in focus: what should developing countries invest into, in order that agricultural innovation results?