The increased interaction between people and devices and devices themselves —a trend also known as the Internet of Things—is creating new paradigms for energy efficiency. Platforms for the provision of Energy as a Service, i.e. charging for pumped water, lighting, battery charging or efficiency services instead of charging for the energy consumed. Dematerialization of billing processes and metering of energy services to operators. New financing models for energy access with metering, and advanced demand and supply management.