However, total expenditure per capita for specific objectives is often low'er in Austria than for the EU, with the exceptions of earth sciences (including climate change), energy, education, and - above all - industrial production and technology. In contrast, the shares of R&D dedicated to health and the environment are comparatively low in Austria. A systematic identification of key challenges for Austrian R&D has gained momentum recently, inspired by the European Commission’s proposal for Horizon Europe, w'here a mission-oriented policy approach to R&D funding plays an important role.