The pipeline attacks illustrate the danger of depending on external supplies of energy and raise the question of how Jordan can ensure its energy independence while meeting its energy needs. Oil makes up 57% of the portfolio, followed by natural gas at 42%, while the share of renewable sources is negligible (Figure 5.1). The arrival of thousands of Syrian refugees continues to strain resource needs such as health care provision. Water resources have also come under pressure by the flood of refugees (MEO, 2012). Given regional turmoil and uncertainties in the outcome of the Syrian unrest, Jordan may have to continue coping with an ever-increasing population due to refugees or immigrants and thus, increased stress in scarce resources. Moreover, water resources are being rapidly depleted due to unsustainable usage patterns.