Between January 1999 and February 2009, Universiti Sains Malaysia received 4.08 citations per paper with two other Malaysian universities (Universiti Malaya 4.16 and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 3.68) receiving approximately the same (Wong and Ho, 2010). This was lower than the other comparison Asian universities such as Seoul National University (8.04) and University of Hong Kong (10.02). In terms of commercialising of research output, USM had three US patents cumulative to 2005, compared with Seoul National University’s 22 and University of Hong Kong’s 52 (ibid.49). Nationally, however, Penang as a region is a key player in the development of Malaysian-invented patents granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Reviewing Malaysian patents by region, Penang residents invented one-third of all Malaysian patents. However, on examination the bulk of these patents were owned by foreign-based multi-national companies (Wong and Ho, 2010).