This study also revealed that the majority of respondents did not think that immigrant workers in a regular or documented situation and national workers should be treated equally. Undocumented immigrants may also face high wage penalties, one study found that undocumented immigrant workers from CLM were paid at least 50% less than the minimum wage (Paitoonpong et al., Such perceptions are more prevalent in urban areas, despite the fact that immigrants are more likely to be employed in 3D jobs which are shunned by most Thais (Sunpuwan and Niyomsilpa, 2012).