However, even in the absence of formal and rigorous assessments of reform, evidence of positive developments or disappointment are still available. The cases of Israel, Alberta, Canada, New Mexico, United States and South Africa illustrate positive, mixed or disappointing results. While the shortage of water remains the key issue in the water sector, and the need to manage the reservoirs between dry and wet seasons and years is the top priority for those responsible for the water sector, authorities have been given enhanced tools to cope with the challenge.