Bhorat and Lundall (2004) set out evidence of skill-biased technological change in South Africa, while a variety of studies (e g. Human Sciences Research Council, 2003, Clarke etal., Meanwhile, international tests indicate that South Africa has both a low average level and very high dispersion of educational attainment (OECD, 2008a, OECD, 2008b). Moreover, most students who enter the school system never make it to the matric, and most of those who pass do not go on to university.