Portugal takes a more outcomes-based approach for three-to-six-year-old children, as their Curriculum Guidelines include child outcomes (Table 2.1). Both include academic-based learning subjects, such as communication, language and text, numbers, spaces, and shapes and science, as well as a strong focus on the development of social skills, creativity, sense of wonder and need to investigate: “soft skills” that are related to active participation in society and lifelong learning. Curriculum content relating to natural sciences is included by all countries (including Sweden and its reference countries).