These results indicate that, while poverty has not trended steeply upward in the various states that make up Brazil, it has been persistent. These coefficients were -0.7813 for P0 and 0.8607 for Pexl. This means that a 10% rise in mean per capita household income in Brazil will translate into a 7.81% reduction in the poverty headcount index and an 8.61 % drop in the extreme poverty headcount index. While for Kakwani and Pernia (2000), this does not constitute pro-poor growth, it does qualify as propoor growth when using the definitions advocated by Ravallion and Chen (2003), since growth has lowered poverty levels.