Each is briefly considered below. There have also been other high-profile cases in Europe of companies using their IP assets creatively in this regard (including securitisation in some instances). However, as examined in more detail in Part 4, such companies have not been the primary focus of IP finance interventions (though some may have benefited in China), and there is little evidence to suggest that patents or other IP rights unlock value for these companies that could not be realised in other ways, since they typically have a range of possible funding options open to them.