With a good level of awareness of the sustainability challenge among the population and the acknowledgement of the ancestral natural heritage, Sydney has an extraordinary potential to pursue economic growth and wealth in a more carbon sober manner. This study was carried out as part of the series of reviews on Climate Change, Employment and Local Development of the OECD Programme on Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED). This work stream is led by Gabriela Miranda, OECD LEED Policy Analyst.