Attention to students' emotional and motivational state and development therefore becomes part of any pedagogical design. One conclusion sometimes drawn from technological change is that new technologies lower the requirement to master knowledge and skills, as holding information and many basic tasks may be ‘outsourced’ to devices. This position goes too far in neglecting the importance of learned knowledge and skills as foundations for more complex abilities, but it must be acknowledged that the ready availability of information changes our learning needs. Without wishing to over-simplify the past, up until the mid-point of the previously century most people in industrial societies faced a relatively limited array of options when it came to where they would live, what job they would do, whether they would marry, and whom.