In some instances, the design and/or financing of a project may be explicitly based on the achievement of key results. This is the case for results-based finance (see Box 3), or in the development of investment criteria for funds (for example the Climate Investment Funds Criteria for the Clean Technology Fund). Results-based finance is an umbrella term that includes a number of different financing mechanisms that seek to tie the provision of financial resources to specific and measurable results (Caruso and Ellis, 2013). These range from Advanced Market Commitments and Output Based Aid that focus on “outputs” to Conditional Cash Transfers or Cash on Delivery Aid that can be linked to behavioural triggers more oriented towards “outcomes” (GPOBA, 2012). Depending on project types, the results chosen to trigger payments can vary widely after consultation with donors, implementing entities, and partner countries.