The important aspect is that the mode cannot be perceived as inferior compared to car, since in that case the downward move would not be achieved or it would be negligible only. A research10 about Australian, European and North American cities on congestion relief from high quality public transport suggests that it is valued at an average of $0.45 (Aus$2008) per marginal public transport-vehicle km of travel, if both travel time and vehicle operating costs are considered. The relief can span however from $0,044 to $ 1.51 with higher values for urban areas or rather urban traffic corridors with greater degrees of traffic congestion. Furthermore, the combined benefits of rail and bus transport significantly exceed total public transport subsidies. Overall, if these passengers were not transported by public transportation systems they would have contributed an additional delay of almost 865 million hours or about a 15 per cent increase in the total delay.