The largest declines have occurred in grasslands and arid lands in North America and in farmed lands in Europe, whereas widespread forest specialists show fluctuating but stable trends. Farmland bird populations declined continuously over 1990-2010 in almost all OECD countries. The rate of decline slowed over the 2000s compared to earlier decades, in some OECD countries (e.g. the United States) farmland bird populations have even been rising since the early or mid-2000s.