These have been of particular importance in fostering social identities approving of bicycle cultures, facilitating a co-evolution of behavioural and infrastructural change. For bicyclists, positive perceptions of safety, speed and comfort have been key in achieving high bicycle trip shares. To justify infrastructure costs (bicycle tracks, etc.), The analysis revealed the net social gain for each cycled kilometre to be EUR 0.16, compared to the net social cost of EUR 0.09 per km driven by car.