Recent changes to the resource allocation formula signal Israel’s commitment to redressing geographical differentials in health care capacity between central regions of the country and the North and South, but they need to go further if real change is to be realised. Attention is drawn to serious shortfalls in numbers of physicians and registered nurses, and the need to develop strategies that bolster their numbers and ensure staff are drawn into Israel’s periphery. The chapter also notes that public health and primary prevention services need strengthening.