Thus, while the majority of the contribution to the city economy is made by households in both the cities, the relative contribution of the enterprises is higher in Chennai. Mitra (2010) reported that several of the long-duration migrants and the natives of slums still had a low level of well-being measured by low household income and consumption expenditure per capita, high child-woman ratio and low education and health expenditure per capita, taking the cases of several Indian cities — Jaipur, Ludhiana, Mathura and Ujjain. The first and foremost issue of contention is the identification of the urban poor.