I would like to argue in this chapter for a more use-oriented approach to traditional knowledge and learning. Traditional knowledge is of value precisely because it is experiential and has been constantly tested and updated over time (Boedhihartono, 2004). The challenge today is not simply to accumulate traditional knowledge in a static form as a record of the past but to integrate traditional knowledge into modern knowledge and innovation systems. The development science community has gone further than cultural anthropologists in seeking out traditional knowledge and building bridges between it and modern science.