Source: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC, 2004-2012, cross-sectional files), British Household Panel Survey (BHPS, 1992-2009), German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP, 1999-2012), Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA, 2001-2012), Korean Labor & Income Panel Study (KLIPS 1999-2009). Temporary for Australia includes both casual and fixed-term work. Robust standard errors are calculated. ***, **, * Source: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC, 2004-2012, cross-sectional files), British Household Panel Survey (BHPS, 1992-2009), German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP, 1999-2012), Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA, 2001-2012), Korean Labor & Income Panel Study (KLIPS, 1999-2009).