Some EECCA countries (e.g. Moldova, Georgia and Armenia) have already been developing national-level climate strategies that can serve as “action plans” for their NDCs, such as Low-Emission Development Strategies (LEDS) and National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), as well as country-specific national or sectoral plans on climate change, including Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs). Some of the results from the Technology Needs Assessments (TNAs) in many EECCA countries should be better used to improve actual uptake and market penetration of technologies needed for low-carbon, climate-resilient development. Further work is needed for key institutions of the EECCA countries to better access and absorb international financial resources to implement climate actions.