For each field visit, the OECD research team visited schools and met with Indigenous students and their parents, Indigenous teachers and support workers, Elders, school leaders and teachers, and other education stakeholders. Through the discussions, iterations and protocols, we w'ere able to develop confidence in the data sets. Finally, by incorporating experience from two additional systems as well as more general literature and OECD analysis, the study is informed by international experience and perspectives. A literature review, data questionnaires, field visits, interviews, group discussions and dialogues among representatives from all stakeholders have all been drawn on for data collection and analysis.