The bank also encourages borrowers to become savers (another microfinance tool) and the local capital is used to fund new loans, as with traditional commercial banks, around 90% of loans are now funded by interest income and deposits. However, within these limitations, there are some large-scale studies based on comparisons of treatment and control groups in three Asian countries (Bangladesh, India and Thailand), where microcredit is well established. However, in a similar study, Murdoch (1998) failed to find any positive impact of microcredit on poverty reduction or any form of female employment, including self-employment and entrepreneurship.