In addition, there are differences in how climate finance effectiveness is assessed. This paper explores different aspects of climate finance effectiveness, for example in terms of climate finance outcomes (e.g. environmental, economic, developmental), delivery (e.g. institutions and governance), and time horizons (e.g. short-term vs. long-term results). The paper uses examples from different types of activities (both mitigation and adaptation) and explores the issue of effectiveness at a range of scales (projects, programmes, policies). The paper focuses on climate finance in the context of the UNFCCC, i.e. public climate finance, as well as the private climate finance mobilised by public interventions.