Meat prices, on the other hand, are expected to only see modest real price declines over the projected period. Nevertheless, the projections suggest structurally higher prices than those seen between 1990 and 2006. To convert to real prices, the average annual US GDP deflator was applied to each monthly observation. Measured by coefficients of variation, price volatility between 2007 and 2014 increased for rice and wheat compared with the 1990 to 2006 period.