Women are more likely than men to work part-time or have temporary contracts, which is largely explained by their family care responsibilities. While such work arrangements can help balance work and family life in the short and medium-terms, part-time or temporary workers may have fewer career development opportunities, face lower pay rates and higher rates of old-age poverty. These work arrangements are also viewed as less compatible with executive leadership and management positions: less than 1% of women employed part-time are in top management jobs.