Even though assumptions on GDP, population and energy-prices used here are slightly different, the results of the current study are within this range. Differences between production costs for ethanol and gasoline prices in 2007 are estimated at 4% for Brazil, 30% for both India and Indonesia, 40% for the United States and 50% for the EU, while the production costs for biodiesel are calculated to be almost 50% higher than fossil diesel prices in most countries. Most of the increase however already took place.