In addition, the American Meteorological Society published a report entitled, "Explaining Extreme Events of 2014 from a Climate Perspective",7 that shows that human-caused climate change has influenced the frequency or intensity of events in a substantial manner. The oceans store large amounts of heat, which they redistribute around the planet: sea water is heated by the sun in the tropics and then transferred by currents to temperate coasts, where it cools down as it transfers its heat to the atmosphere. Colder and denser, it sinks to a great depth where it moves back towards the equatorial regions, and so on, in a circuit lasting over a thousand years. Up until 1992, the sea level was measured by means of sea-level gauges positioned along continental and a number of island coasts. The level of the oceans, as a worldwide global average, rose at the rate of 0.7 mm/year between 1870 and 1930, and by some 1.7 mm/year as from 1930. Since 1992, measurements have been taken from satellites, and have shown the mean annual sea-level rise to have been in the order of 3.4 mm/year.