Without further policy action, for example, the OECD estimates a doubling of premature deaths from local air pollution by 2050, with air pollution today already a larger health threat globally than malaria (OECD, 2012). Natural assets represent over a quarter of the wealth in developing countries today, increasing the vulnerability of these countries to growing environmental risk, including resource scarcity (OECD, 2008). Local benefits alone can provide justification for environmental action, and measures in support of climate change adaptation and improved resilience are often locally focused.