Beyond the what, policymakers need to focus on the how, which requires the identification of possible overlaps in the allocation of roles and responsibilities, asymmetries of information, sectoral fragmentation of water-related tasks, insufficient knowledge, unstable or insufficient revenues at all levels of government, possibly conflicting objectives, as well as accountability concerns undermining the transparency of water policymaking. Similarly, several governance instruments are often needed to overcome identified obstacles. For instance, on the one hand, adopting contracts between levels of government can be a response to objective, funding, capacity and policy gaps.