Strategies range from teaching citizenship in schools and English-language training to new immigration laws.7 There are fears that immigration has produced a society too diverse to cohere and that it is undermining ‘the common values that hold British society together’ (Cheong et al., Social cohesion has become a key word in partisan as well as policy discourse. The Netherlands, shaken by violent incidents in its multi-ethnic cities, has shifted its policy perspective from one of social citizenship to policy efforts to foster, in contrast, a strong sense of Dutch identity (Ossewaarde, 2007).