In this context, there are at least two channels through which the contribution of the extractive industries to the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the achievement of the SDGs could be strengthened. First is the reduction of emission intensity in mining operations by increasing their use of renewable energy and improving their energy efficiency. Second is strengthening the contribution of the mining industry to sustainable development. Energy typically represents 30 to 35 per cent of total mining operational costs (Zharan and Bongaerts, 2018).