They now live in the Sahel rather than the Sahara. Nomadic herding has shifted southward from the Sahara Desert to the tree steppes for the camel herders, and from the Sahel to the savannah and even to the tropical forests for the cattle herders, particularly the Fula. This is a long-term movement that intensified during colonisation and during the climatic and political crises of the late 1960s.