Enforcing nature protection regulations is the responsibility of the Service for Nature and Environmental Protection (SEPNA) of the National Republican Guard.6 The IGAOT and the SEPNA are authorised to carry out inspections, investigate non-compliance and initiate administrative offence procedures. They also function as law enforcement bodies, as set out in relevant legislation. For example, the IGAOT carries out inspections and applies enforcement measures to implement the EU Large Combustion Plant, Waste, and Hazardous Waste Directives, while the SEPNA works with the National Institute of Nature Conservation to impose sanctions for violations of legislation related to the EU Birds and Habitats Directives.7 The National Authority for Civil Protection (ANPC), part of the Internal Administration Ministry, is responsible for preventing collective risks and serious accidents, protecting cultural and environmental assets, and rescuing and assisting people in danger.