Based on research carried out in the surroundings of the Yanacocha gold mine in Cajamarca (Peru), Sosa and Zwarteveen (2016, p. 34) show that “although legal and technical conflict resolution strategies are effective in temporarily diffusing tensions, they do not address the underlying political causes of conflicts. Contemporary applications of IWRM support the equitable, efficient and sustainable use of water, and are vital to balancing the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The IWRM approach calls for coordination among all involved sectors of management, development, regulation and decisionmaking processes related to water, land and related resources (GWP, 2000).