Delphine Grandrieux, Anne Mayne and Corinne Hayworth (IEA) helped with the laying out of the paper. This report seeks to improve understanding as to why this is so, and what can be done about it. Flowever, these public investments are small compared with the projected investment needs - over USD 299.4 billion per year up to 2030 to reach the 450 scenario.2 The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) estimates that over 86% of those investments should be covered through private investments. This is equivalent to an average USD 760 million yearly, which is far from the estimated annual needs of USD 299.4 billion. The report focuses on barriers faced by investors and project developers looking to finance EE projects.