Evaluation has generally remained on an ad hoc basis potentially because stakeholder engagement has often been carried out as an “add-on” to conventional processes or has often consisted of a “tick-the-box” approach to comply with existing legislation and rules. First, it can provide insight on how an engagement process has, is or will function. It can take place at various stages: during the early stages of design and preparation (ex ante evaluation), during the engagement process itself or after (expost evaluation). Process evaluations relate to how engagement has taken place, the quality of the process and the activities either throughout the engagement initiative or during a specific phase (i.e. design, implementation).