Actions to fill these gaps should be focused on the Negev’s key niche, namely research, development, demonstration and testing in renewable energies technologies and water technologies. Although there are several good examples of cluster connections involving Negev’s clean-tech players, the sub-cluster nevertheless suffers from a relative lack of internal and external supplier-customer connections among firms, lack of innovation connections among firms and between research and industry, insufficient commercialisation of public research, few joint investments, little cross-disciplinary research, limited local and international brain circulation, and a lack of common foresight and common initiative. This plan would of course look further than the Negev in identifying necessary links to the rest of Israel and abroad.