First, losses are a factor of the severity and frequency of hazards, as well as a factor of the reduction in vulnerability- some indicators could show a decrease in losses because an extreme weather event (e.g. storm) has not hit a country that particular year, for instance. A reduction in losses could also be due to the implementation of disaster risk reduction or adaptation policies, or of a ‘near-miss’, namely an extreme weather event narrowly missing a country’s vulnerability hotspots. Furthermore, as the definition given in the Sendai Framework of disasters20 encompasses both man-made and natural events, the first set of indicators relating to the outcomes of disaster risk reduction could only relate to climate change adaptation provided they are disaggregated by disaster type to focus on climate-related natural disasters21 (Table 4). A second set of indicators relating to the enabling environment for and the implementation of disaster risk reduction policies broadly support climate adaption objectives, although they relate to more specifically to current vulnerability (Table 5).