To a significant degree, today's investment decisions determine the nature of our infrastructure well into the future and will therefore have to be assessed on their lifetime climate impact. They can also play a critical role in closing the infrastructure investment gap which is significant even to reach business-as-usual development objectives.5 Around USD 6 trillion per year will be needed for infrastructure to achieve global growth expectations compared to current annual investment of around USDi.ytrillion. Driving sustainable development through better infrastructure: key elements of a transformation program. Ensuring new infrastructure is climate-smart.