In turn, this leads to dead-weight efficiency losses for the local and national economy. As a result, governments may be better placed than markets to determine to best quantity to be provided. Spatial plans are a useful mechanism for managing environmental quality because they inherently capture where actions that affect the environment occur, and the parcels of land that experience the consequences of these actions. Where the spill over effects are externalities there can be additional reasons for relying on government to manage the level of environmental effects that have no market price.