The Victorian Government and tertiary education institutions should take steps to ensure that flexible ways of provision are in place for those who combine work and study through work-based, e-learning and distance education. Increasing emphasis on reskilling and up-skilling would offer new opportunities for TAFE institutes especially if the training entitlement could be refashioned to recognise the value in reverse articulation. In order to ensure a fully functioning human capital development system, transparent pathways for learners through the education system are required.