Most secondary' students receive only 4 hours of instruction a day, while the average in OECD countries is 7 hours (World Bank, 2012). In addition, teachers in Brazil spend less time on actual teaching and learning activities than in other countries (OECD, 2013d, p. 33). International evidence suggests that increasing instruction time has a positive performance effect, provided that the curriculum remains focused on core subjects (Glewwe et al., Additional investment in appropriate education infrastructure, including class rooms, libraries, science labs and computer facilities should therefore be undertaken.