A good or service may be valued as a means to reach a specific human-focused end, such as good health, safety, satisfaction or happiness. Instrumental values do not exist in a world without humans, as it is the human valuation that defines this value. For example, we assume that the conservation of historical sites, wetlands, and/or species is motivated by the contribution this makes to individuals' well-being. The goods and services generated by an ecosystem or cultural landscape can create and contribute to people's welfare either by being used directly or indirectly (use value), but can also be valued even if it is not used (non-use value).