Such materials include biomass, fossil fuels, metal ores and non-metallic minerals that support the cultivation of food, the production of energy, infrastructure and transport systems, and production of consumer goods.6The term "domestic material consumption"is defined as the total amount of materials used by an economy, extracted from the domestic territory plus all physical imports minus all physical exports. China (23.6 billion tons per year) largely dominated domestic material consumption at the regional (and global) level in 2010, followed by India (5.0 billion tons per year), Indonesia (1.6 billion tons per year), Japan (1.2 billion tons per year) and Australia (1.0 billion tons per year). Over the same period, consumption of fossil fuels and metal ores increased by 2.6 and 3.0 times respectively.