They reported that cash transfers had the greatest impact on marriage-related indicators, noting that the transfers worked as an incentive to stay in school and increase financial independence, both of which could have reduced adolescent marriage. Enrolment rates were higher for children participating in the programme, and there was a slight increase in the number of years of schooling they received. The mixed results suggest that the design of transfer programmes may be important for achieving outcomes. Cash payments made directly to girls rather than their parents had the greatest impact on reducing adolescent pregnancy and HIV in Malawi’s Zomba programme (Baird et al.,