Further research can help understand the remaining gender gap and make the case for an effective and appropriate policy response. The early economic literature, from Schumpeter (191 lm) to Baumol (1990(2]), has highlighted entrepreneurship as the driving force for change and innovation in a market economy. Schumpeter’s theory of “creative destruction” postulates that the entry of entrepreneurial ventures pushes out obsolete and inefficient firms and brings innovative technologies to the market.