Of the responding countries, 84% (16 countries) reported having requirements for ex ante GIAs on primary legislation, compared to 37% (7 countries) for ex post. In general, however, it seems GIAs are not yet routine elements of policy making, the majority of responding countries reserve GIAs for primary and secondary legislation rather than for policies and programmes (see Figure 4.14). Box 4.17 contains the EU criteria for GIA, which take into account both the differences between men and w'omen, as well as the need for restorative action to ensure that any previous gender-based inequalities are addressed, while Box 4.18 provides information on gender impact reports in Sweden and Ireland.