In particular, the authors conducted an analysis of six cases concerning national water policies from Australia, Brazil, New Zealand and South Africa, the European Union’s Water Framework Directive and the Lisbon Charter on Water and Sanitation3 (IWA, 2015). The paper did not compare the existing policy frameworks with each other, but rather their “performance” against the 12 OECD Principles. The analysis of what influences the implementation of the OECD Principles provided a basis for further recommendations, in relation to both water resources and water services.