The favela (shanty town) of Vale Encantado in Rio de Janeiro, for example, has started to promote nature trails and local cuisine to attract ecotourism. In many cases, adverse social impacts and popular opposition to green economy initiatives were linked to issues of land ownership and titles, as shown above in India. These often resulted from national policies and initiatives that were implemented in communities without adequate participation and representation of the affected population. More successful examples demonstrate the importance of local ownership and participation that enabled transformative change, for example, through the empowerment of rural women.