Experience from monitoring and evaluation of poverty reduction strategies suggests that placing the institutional lead close to the centre of government will ensure greater authority of the monitoring and evaluation unit and create strong links to the policy planning and budgeting processes (Bedi et al., Although an increasing number of developing countries are starting to report on climate variables in response to the need to monitor and evaluate their NAPA’s and NAP’s, the lack of good climate data continues to pose a challenge for many. While data availability is a particular challenge in countries that are in conflict or that have recently emerged from one, this challenge is not limited to fragile states.