Organisational cultures that remain “male-biased” - where individualism and the separation of work and family are central aspects of an institutional culture - can be problematic in pursuing gender equality goals (Moser, 2005, p. 584). Resistance to gender mainstreaming efforts may arise if gender mainstreaming policies pose a challenge to existing structures and procedures. Similarly, 43% of countries cited a lack of awareness of gender mainstreaming in the public sector among the top barriers.