Rather, Latin American housing programmes tend to be based on individual entitlements to households for the purchase (and in some cases, construction) of an individual home. Few initiatives have conceived of housing development within a broader urban development context linking housing to employment opportunities, infrastructure development, and the provision of public services, public spaces and open space. Accordingly, housing policies in many Latin American countries have resulted in similar challenges for cities across the region: urban sprawl, congestion, infrastructure gaps and a high rate of vacant homes. Rojas argues that of the 19 services provided by a house, only 5 are provided by the structure itself; all others are provided at a larger scale: the sub-division, the neighbourhood, the city or national government (see table below).