This effort would be even more effective if macro-metering was sufficiently widespread to discourage underreporting. Since many water operators have traditionally failed to pay water abstraction charges, in 2002, CONAGUA launched the Program for Reimbursement of Duties (PRODDER -Programa de Devolucion de Derechos) to encourage water utilities to pay water abstraction charges. Since 2003 PRODDER has reimbursed to water utilities between MXN 1.4 to 1.9 billion per year. By 2006, PRODDER had allowed CONAGUA to triple revenue collection from water utilities (CONAGUA, 2008).