These deficiencies contribute to a vicious cycle of malnutrition, reduced development prospects and poverty, affecting already-disadvantaged groups. Preventing malnutrition would eventually reduce costs incurred for curative healthcare and social welfare needs while potentially making resources available for needed development activities (FAO & International Life Sciences Institute, 1997; WHO, 2018a; Levin, 1986; Strauss, et al, 1986; Horton, et al, 1998). Thus, understanding and addressing malnutrition remain key factors for progressing on the Sustainable Development Goals. They are also part of the SDG monitoring framework.