The service sector has expanded and manufacturing has become tightly integrated into global value chains, changing the skill set needed in the labour market. However, public education has not kept pace. Streaming and early tracking hampers social mobility and human capital accumulation, vocational training has reacted slowly to the changing needs of the labour market, and there is little workplace training. Long term unemployment is high among low skilled workers, in part reflecting low labour mobility, and the crisis has pushed up youth unemployment.