The OECD average of combined outright and mortgaged owner-occupants is 65% of households. Chile, Mexico and Eastern European OECD countries have the highest rates of homeownership. In most countries, homeowners are disproportionately middle- and high-income households, whereas renters tend to have lower incomes. Middle class households are not immune to high housing costs. Indeed, nearly nine percent of mortgaged middle-class homeowners are overburdened by housing costs, on average, across the OECD. Overcrowding rates are generally higher among poor households and renters.