Systematic problems and shortcomings of emissions markets, for example that CO2 emissions allowances have different prices depending on the region and the scheme, can only be solved by political alignment and integrated policies. However, in terms of increasing technological improvement of ETS, blockchain technology can offer tremendous value-added in the areas of global transparency, steering and immutable tracking. Transactions through a decentralised exchange of certificates could be settled almost instantly, without the interference of any third party. Contractual agreements could also be written and reviewed by a smart contract, automating current manual processes.