This chapter uses the term “protected area” to refer to stricto sensu protected areas as defined and governed by the SNUC Law. In 2010, the parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-20 with the mission of halting biodiversity loss and enhance the benefits biodiversity provides to people. The Strategic Plan includes 20 targets (the Aichi Targets), organised under five strategic goals.