Pricing signals often favour investment in unabated fossil-fiiel intensive activities over LCR alternatives since the social costs of emissions are not adequately reflected and even commercially viable LCR projects can be associated with higher risks and transaction costs. As governments work to meet their pre- and post-2020 emission reduction pledges, they will need to make efficient use of public funding to mobilise much larger amounts of private investment in LCR infrastructure. A GIB is a publicly capitalised entity established specifically to facilitate private investment into domestic LCR infrastructure and other green sectors such as water and waste management.