In order to achieve this, the government has to raise taxes. Thus, crucial features of many developing economies - thin tax bases and large informal sectors - are assumed away, by presuming that taxes can be easily raised. Obviously, if household consumption taxes are raised, actual private consumption decreases, while consumption increases because import prices fall following tariff removal. Their most realistic scenario projects welfare gains by 2015 of $96 billion, a third of the estimated gains from full trade liberalization, most of which - some $80 billion - or 83 per cent, flows to rich countries.