Savings' made from cutting back on government funding of public services often increase demands on unpaid care and domestic work. Because these hidden costs are not recognized in economic planning, this can create the illusion of efficiency gains when in fact costs are being transferred from the public sector to the private sphere.32 In the health sector, for example, efficiency may seem to increase when the time that patients spend in the hospital decreases and as a result the cost of providing treatment per patient appears to drop. But cuts to public health expenditure can have substantial and unrecognized knock-on effects for caregivers in households, who may be forced to take time off paid work to care for a sick family member.