The risk of a limited integration is that there is little guarantee that evaluation and assessment procedures in the Catholic and Independent sectors are sufficiently aligned with student learning objectives and educational targets at the national and systemic levels. Evaluation and assessment practices in Australia benefit from outstanding expertise in areas such as standardised test development, common reporting frameworks, national comparable data on student outcomes and externally-based student assessment and relies significantly on the investigation generated by a large and active educational research community. An example is the development of teacher capacity to assess against the whole range of curriculum goals to ensure consistency of A-E ratings across schools (see Chapter 3).