This chapter examines key features that need to be considered for biodiversity mainstreaming at the national level. These are: the extent to which mainstreaming of economic development and where relevant, poverty alleviation objectives are reflected in National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs); the extent to which biodiversity is reflected in National Development Plans (NDPs) and other relevant strategies; institutional arrangements in place to foster mainstreaming; the role of data and information in mainstreaming; and the extent to which biodiversity is reflected in national budgets. It is important to note that these issues should be considered in the broader context of assessment frameworks that have been developed for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, which include the need for mainstreaming (Figure 2.1).