Lastly, the main empirical findings obtained by applying the index are presented and discussed. These include: (i) the spread and prevalence of new conceptual frameworks for development and well-being, as well as the rights- and capabilities-based approaches, in which income shortfall is only an incomplete proxy for standard of living, and (ii) the availability of new methodologies that have overcome some of the obstacles to the inclusion of various dimensions of poverty in an index (Alkire and Foster, 2007, 2011). This index comprises non-monetary and monetary dimensions, including indicators of deprivations in respect of employment, social protection and schooling gap, and proposes new thresholds for the dimensions traditionally considered in measurements of poverty.