It would appear that the concept of genetic conservation is very much in its infancy, with a corresponding urgent need for more expertise relating to genetic studies, and more knowledge of Morocco’s genetic resources. Such studies are strongly advocated, particularly in the case of endemic/rare/endangered species, and particularly given the current situation, where populations of several such species of conservation interest are rapidly declining. In the case of crop diversity, genetic knowledge could be a very useful tool in the development of varieties that are capable of adapting to conditions of drought and decreased rainfall, which conditions are predicted to become more common in the country in the light of climate change (chapter 7). While it would appear that, on a national level, the characterization of species within a conservation hierarchy (e.g. rare, threatened, endangered, etc.)