Similarly, India has a National Database for Emergency Management which is a GIS-based repository of data at varying scales which uses core data, hazard-specific data, and dynamic data in spatial as well as temporal form. This is based on an inventory of hazards and vulnerabilities, taking into account the frequency and intensity of hazards, including floods, landslides, earthquakes and tsunamis. Vulnerability is quantified using socio-cultural, economic, physical, and environmental parameters. It also takes into account the regulatory and institutional capacities of local governments, as well as the effectiveness of early warning systems, vocational education system, and mitigation and preparedness systems. The IRBI, which is updated every two years, categorizes 497 districts as being at high, medium or low risk (see map below). These data can then be used to derive a risk index at the provincial level.