According to the coefficient of this variable, a 10 per cent increase in penetration will result in an increase of 0.09 percentage points in regional GDP of Chile's regions. The initial regional GDP variable was included to control for the starting point of development. The coefficient sign is consistent with the conditional convergence theory. According to the model, human capital measured as the percentage of people with tertiary education is extremely important, once again corroborating the results obtained for Latin America. The population size variable controls for the density effect.