If the industry is shielded by a high weight-to-value ratio and import tariffs, the industry is deemed at low risk of carbon leakage, because the industry is far from the tipping point. Being far from the tipping point means that C02 prices need to be high to spur international competition. We evaluate the investment rate of the industries at risk of carbon leakage to find out whether it is a long-term or short-term risk.