For example, most countries established pre-emptive/oversight institutions for ensuring gender equality (parliaments or parliamentary committees, see Box 4.5, commissions in political executives or advisory councils to ministries or the political executive), while 68% of countries have institutions that use “corrective” methods for addressing gender equality grievances (ombudsmen or judicial commissions that adjudicate claims). Half of the 22 respondents to the OECD survey indicated that they use parliamentary committees in charge of gender equality as a tool for oversight on the progress of gender equality (see Figure 4.6). Such Committees also make an important element of gender-sensitive parliaments (see the International Parliamentary Union’s action plan for gender-sensitive parliaments, which promotes the integration of gender mainstreaming in parliamentary activities, Box 4.5).