In another typical example of maladaptation, which occurs more often in richer countries, policies to protect the population from heat waves and avert excessive demand on urgent health services result in greater use of private air conditioning and consequently a greater demand for energy (O’Brien and others, 2012). This type of adaptation initiative is in fact a form of maladaptation, since it shifts the pressure from one sector to another. The overall vulnerability of the system is not reduced: instead, one source of vulnerability is simply replaced by another.