However, nearly half of all recipients had spells of other types of income-support benefits during the 514 -year observation period (though this includes receipt of Newstart Allowance, Australia's unemployment benefit). Tseng & Wilkins (2003) show that up to one-third of the Australian working-age population touches on at least one of various income-support benefits in a given year; one-sixth of all recipients continuously receive support over the same 514 -year period. Tseng, Vu, & Wilkins (2008) find that ‘churning’ is a typical feature of income-support receipt with over half of all recipients leaving and re-entering benefits at least once over a five-year period.