Recorded alcohol consumption in Kazakhstan is well below the OECD average but has been largely static, contrary to the general trend of decreasing consumption seen elsewhere (Figure 1.13). However, other data suggest the picture is more complex. First, the estimated total alcohol consumption (which includes unrecorded consumption) is much higher - 10.3 litres per person per year, almost identical to the OECD average (10.4) (Source: WHO Global Information System on Alcohol and Health). However, according to the same source, on average men drink 15.7 litres a year, which helps explain death rates from alcohol-related liver disease.