While EPR is not mandatory in the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive it is so in the legislation for Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, End of Life Vehicles and Batteries. These directives cover waste steams which include plastic waste, although they have no specific targets for recycling of plastics. Finally, plastic waste can be included in the target for recycling and recovery of C&D waste in the Waste Framework Directive (Article 11(2)). The most common economic policy instrument used among EU member countries are different designs of Extended Producer Responsibilites (EPR), other deposit-refund systems, and taxes on for instance packaging and land fill.