As of late 2015, 314 SHPPs exist in Tajikistan, with a total installed capacity of over 26,000 kW, but about one third of them (103 units, with a total capacity of about 5,700 kWh) are currently not working. Many SHPPs in remote rural areas have been built in a makeshift manner without adequate expertise. Many are poorly designed, freeze in the winter, lack technical maintenance and become non-operational after a relatively short period. This can be due to the absence of well-established or functioning supply chains for SHPPs, which would ensure the broad availability of such systems and better service support for end users.