Box 5.2 provides an example on how this has been done in Western Australia to inform allocation planning for a groundwater system (see the section on “Managing the risk of shortage” for further discussion on using economic instruments and a risk-based approach to allocation). In terms of monitoring the compliance of objectives, the central government is responsible for the national waters and the provinces are responsible for the regional waters. For example, for some aquifers, a high risk to groundwater-dependent ecosystems can be reduced to a medium level if the risk is managed through appropriate buffer zones.