Children, often traumatized and unable to comprehend the reasons for separation, are likely to suffer from acute emotional and developmental problems, as well as being at risk of inadequate care in under-resourced state institutions or by alternative carers. Health services in prison, which are usually not geared towards children’s healthcare needs, are inadequate to cope with the needs of babies and small children in a large majority of countries. Most often, children in prison cannot mix and communicate with children outside prison.