The bias toward home ownership is hardly unique to Kazakhstan, and in OECD countries as diverse as Mexico and the United States, most of the housing assistance supports home ownership (OECD, 2015b). Despite the shortage of housing in the country, the real estate market is full of housing for sale and rent that remain vacant. Interviews conducted for this review suggest that the population is generally unwilling to rent housing because of the unregulated market, high price of rentals, lack of legal certainty and for cultural reasons.