Unlike payments of non-categorical SA, dedicated HB programmes are typically not accompanied by work-related requirements or other activation-type interventions that seek to re-establish self-sufficiency. Most countries provide special benefits for lone parents either in the form of additions to regular family or childcare benefits or as separate programmes. Where benefits for children or lone parents are means-tested, they can resemble SA benefits in all but name.6 One difference concerns, again, work-related activity requirements.