This led to a serious energy problem, leading Kyrgyzstan to switch the mode of Toktogul Reservoir from irrigation to power generation. The new mode required less release of water in the summer (when downstream irrigation demand is high) and more release of water in the winter (when downstream irrigation demand is low). Three agreements, specifically on the use of the Naryn-Syr Darya Cascade of Reservoirs for energy and water, were signed between Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan in 1998, 1999 and 2000 (CAWATER, 2016a). The collection rate, however, is also very low. (