In Switzerland, around 15% of the entire cohort graduate through the professional education and training system, through professional college qualifications and industry-led federal exams (Fazekas and Field, 2013b). In Sweden, the numbers enrolled in higher VET programmes trebled between 2001 and 2011, while in Romania enrolments in “post-high school” grew from 44 000 in 2005/06 to 70 000 in 2010/11 (Ministry of Education and Research Sweden, 2013; NCDTVET Romania, 2013). All of the programmes mentioned here are substantial one-two-year post-secondary vocational programmes.