For these types of NDC, upfront quantitative information on the BAU emission level and the assumptions behind it is essential to understand what is being proposed. It would also be helpful to state if the baseline is fixed for the duration of the NDC, or whether it might be updated. Paragraph 31 calls for “methodological consistency, including on baselines, between the communication and implementation of [NDCs]” and paragraph 95(b) refers to “consistency between the methodology communicated in the [NDCs] and the methodology for reporting on progress made towards achieving [NDCs]” (UNFCCC, 2015a). The extent to which methodological consistency between the emissions baselines of different Parties is needed (i.e. via guidance for setting baselines) remains an open question. Subsequent reporting of any updates made to GDP or population projections since the submissions of the NDC would enhance understanding of progress made in implementation. Given the large number of different ways in which such non-GHG goals can be expressed, any further guidance on information to be provided for this type of NDC is likely to remain general.