By comparison, the average OECD country reduced the participation gap by only 0.3 percentage points over the same period.3 On the other hand, the participation gap remained very high in the Middle East and North Africa, India and Indonesia. In all those countries except Indonesia, women’s labour market participation is about 50 percentage points lower than male participation. Some minor improvement was recorded in Turkey. The gap remained stable, but low in China, South Africa and the Russian Federation.