All ECOWAS countries appear to be both countries of immigration and emigration, but CSte d’Ivoire and Ghana attract the highest number of immigrants from other ECOWAS countries (ICMPD, IOM, and ECOWAS. Gender roles describe the behaviours, tasks and responsibilities that a society considers appropriate for women and men, boys and girls; whereas gender relations are the ways in which a society defines the rights, responsibilities and identities of men and women in relation to one another (FAO web resources on gender accessed on 2 March 2016). Both are learned, socially constructed, and influenced by class, age, caste, ethnicity and religion, among other factors (FAO, 2011b; Leach, 2015).