The second part describes the methodology employed for the report, including the framework for analysis and how PISA results are used in the analysis. Finally, the background of Korean education is summarised. Highlights on the education reform trajectory in Korea illustrate the shaping of the Korean education system. Today, Korea is among the top performers in terms of learning outcomes, ranking second in reading, fourth in mathematics and sixth in science according to the 2009 PISA assessment. Korea has also shown impressive improvements in the quality of its learning outcomes.