They could be, for example, companies that provide recharging infrastructure and metering installations that allow both EV owners and electricity providers to track and optimise electricity use during recharging. As mentioned, many OECD countries and China have targets for large numbers of EVS on the road by 2020. These countries need to invest in RD&D and infrastructure (especially electricity infrastructure) to ensure that both supply and capacity exists for charging vehicles. They should also use incentives to encourage consumers to buy these vehicles.