This may be related to low payment rates and/ or the Zakat system covering only a part of the poor population. In Azerbaijan, targeted social assistance was introduced in 2006 which the number of families receiving assistance tripling over the 2007-14 period to almost 145 000, but with the slump in oil prices and oil revenue the number of families receiving support fell to just below 100 000. In China, the number of social assistance recipients in 2015 amount to about 67 million (18 million in urban areas and 49 million in rural areas), and payment schedules seem to affect financial incentives to work for recipients, as in so many OECD countries (OECD, 2017, forthcoming).