The independent variables are sex, parental status (with a dependent child), the interaction between sex and parenthood, and relevant controls (age, education level and indigenous status). To evaluate the heterogeneous effects of being in a couple, the model is run three times on different sub-samples - for all men and women, for partnered men and women only, and for single men and women only. Mexican women are less likely to be employed than men, especially after becoming parents (cont.)