They also only counted items as absent if respondents said they lacked them, that is, wanted them but could not afford them. The same methods were used by Gordon and Pantazis (1997) and techniques were developed (see Bradshaw et al, 1995) for weighting the items by the proportion of the population who already possessed them - now known as prevalence weighting. The last study in Britain using this method was the Poverty and Social Exclusion Survey (Pantazis et al, 2006).