All states and territories have recently introduced reforms to increase the number of students who participate in VET. Students may demonstrate some of the required competencies through prior work experience or education in a process called “recognition of prior learning (RPL)”. Some students leave school at this point may opt to take up an apprenticeship, or train directly through an RTO. They can choose to pursue a VET qualification through an Australian School-based Apprenticeship (ASbA) but this requires an employment relationship as well as an RTO (see “Apprenticeships” section). Vocational learning is becoming aware of the world of work and includes career education. It is an important precursor to VET, and helps secondary students identify career options and equips them to make effective decisions about subject choice, post-school education and training and career pathways.