It arose from calls from women’s rights scholars and activists, as well as the women’s and feminist movements, to address the power and patriarchy that lie at the root of discrimination and inequality. This introduced a need to broaden and deepen the development focus beyond women, to address gender roles and relations, differential access to resources and control of them, and ultimately the power imbalance between men and women. In doing so it opened an opportunity to question how traditional social roles, norms and expectations formed the basis for inequality in the private and public spheres, as ensconced in unequal institutions—whether in families, communities, schools, the professional sphere, politics or beyond.