Chung (2015), who analysed data for Viet Nam’s 63 provinces from 2006 to 2010, likewise showed that investment in infrastructure helped reduce poverty rates. Investment in infrastructure can spur local development (cont.) In the province of Papua, the proportions drop to 29.6% and 19.4%, respectively, compared to more than 99% in both measures in the province of Bali (OECD, 2018a).