The supply of childcare spaces remains limited since it covers about a quarter of children aged 0 to 5 years, and a smaller proportion of the youngest in this age group (Friendly et al., Moreover, regulated services are often unaffordable (MacDonald and Friendly, 2016[ii]); long wait lists and hefty surcharges keep many children out (MacDonald and Friendly, 2016[ii]), and the gender employment gap is higher in provinces with the highest cost of median childcare (Moyser, 2017[i2]). Two earners are assumed for couples, male and female. In all cases, family lias two children aged 3 and 2 using full-time centre-based care.