These searchable on-line databases and their annual reporting summaries are valuable tools for federal and state science managers and scientists. In addition, CRIS has been a critical resource for retrospective assessments of the economic impacts of agricultural research. Using data that measure research resource flows to specific subject areas and specific geographic areas, and linking them to subsequent changes in farm productivity, economists have been able to conduct cost-benefit analysis of public investments in agricultural research. A summary of the findings from these studies is given in Chapter 7.