High-quality vocational programmes embed core academic skills into an occupationally focused curriculum. In contrast, programmes that focus very narrowly on occupational skills can leave students ill-prepared to navigate career transitions, or deal with many other demands of modem life that require broader knowledge and skills. Participating in vocational training can allow students to acquire the skills needed to gain a firm foothold in the labour market, which improves their chances of having a successful professional career (OECD, 2010, 2014a). Evidence shows that high-quality vocational education pathways, particularly in upper secondary education, can help engage students who find it easier to master general concepts and theories when they are connected to practical problems and know-how.