This influence is very large in South European countries and in Luxembourg (Causa and Johansson, 2010). More generally, the correlation between parents’ earnings and children’s earnings attributable to educational attainment is very high in Italy, the United States and the United Kingdom and quite low in Nordic countries (D’Addio, 2007). In Turkey, Chile and Estonia, by contrast, the skills of students are relatively homogenous. Skills inequalities can be decomposed into within-schools and between-schools differences.