These numbers compare unfavourably with the average (unweighted) post-tax and transfer poverty rate across OECD countries for both men and women, which was around ll%in2012-a decrease from an average pre-tax and transfer poverty rate of 28.5% (OECD, 2016e). The effects of redistribution in Chile and Mexico are thus quite small compared to the average effects in other OECD countries. Indeed, the region’s rate of adolescent maternity is now the second-highest in the world, surpassed only by sub-Saharan Africa and adolescent pregnancy is most pronounced in low-socioeconomic groups, which contributes to intergenerational poverty (Vignoli, 2014).