Nonetheless, the data also show a reduction in the volume of contracts for grains, oilseeds and other food commodity products in the latter months of 2008, so the impact of commodity price speculation could be limited to a specific period (ECLAC, 2008b). Nonetheless, there are several reasons to expect the rise in food prices to have a regressive impact varying from country to country and the population concerned. Generally speaking, the poverty impact of world food prices will depend on the degree to which international prices are passed through to local markets, the initial scale of poverty, the balance between households that are net buyers and net sellers of food products, the percentage of the budget that poor households spend on food, and the trend of the ratio between incomes earned from low productivity jobs and food inflation. These include several Central American and Caribbean countries, which also face high logistics and transport costs, access difficulties to food products and productive bottlenecks (such as a shortage of seeds and fertilizers).