The Enlightenment took hold in most European countries, often with a specific local emphasis. For example, in France it became associated with anti-government and anti-Church radicalism while in Germany it reached deep into the middle classes and where it expressed a spiritualistic and nationalistic tone without threatening governments or established churches. Government responses varied widely. In France, the government was hostile, and the philosophes fought against its censorship, sometimes being imprisoned or hounded into exile. The British government for the most part ignored the Enlightenment's leaders in England and Scotland, although it did give Isaac Newton a knighthood and a very lucrative government office.
In which country did the Enlightenment become associated with anti-government and anti-Church radicalism? Which of the Enlightenment's leaders did the British government give a knighthood and lucrative government office? In which country did the government respond with hostility to the Enlightenment, even imprisoning philosophes? Was government response to the Enlightenment uniformly positive or widely varied? In which class did the Enlightenment reach deepest, expressing a nationalistic tone?