Passage: The fortifications of Mdina  are a series of defensive walls which surround the former capital city of Mdina, Malta. The city was founded as Maleth by the Phoenicians in around the 8th century BC, and it later became part of the Roman Empire under the name Melite. The ancient city was surrounded by walls, but very few remains of these have survived. The city walls were rebuilt a number of times, including by the Byzantine Empire in around the 8th century AD, the Arabs in around the 11th century, and the Kingdom of Sicily in the medieval period until the 15th century. Most of the extant fortifications were built by the Order of Saint John between the 16th and 18th centuries. The city has withstood a number of sieges, and it was defeated twice - first by the Aghlabids in 870 and then by Maltese rebels in 1798. Today, the city walls are still intact except for some outworks, and they are among the best preserved fortifications in Malta. Mdina has been on Malta's tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1998.
At least how many times were the city walls rebuilt? How many centuries after the walls were rebuilt by the Byzantine Empire were they rebuilt again by the Arabs? How many times was the city defeated? How many times were the walls rebuilt? How many years after Mdina's last defeat was the city added to Malta's tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites since? How many years after the city's first defeat was it defeated again? How many years passed between the first and second defeats of Mdina? How many years passed between the two defeats of Mdina? Melite was originally called what? What are the 3 different names of the city? What was Mdina named after Maleth? What was the first name the city had, Melite, or Mdina? What was the original name of Mdina? What was the original name of the city of Melite? When was the city rebuilt for the second time? When was the second time the city of Melite was defeated? Who defeated the city second? Who rebuilt the city walls during the medieval period?