Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood transfusions, which they consider a violation of God's law based on their interpretation of Acts 15:28, 29 and other scriptures. Since 1961 the willing acceptance of a blood transfusion by an unrepentant member has been grounds for expulsion from the religion. Members are directed to refuse blood transfusions, even in "a life-or-death situation". Jehovah's Witnesses accept non-blood alternatives and other medical procedures in lieu of blood transfusions, and their literature provides information about non-blood medical procedures.
What biblical passage informs Jehovah Witnesses' refusal of blood transfusions? What is grounds for expulsion from Jehovah Witnesses, since 1961? What do Jehovah Witnesses accept in lieu of blood transfusions? What does Jehovah Witnesses' literature provide about non-blood medical procedures?