The "Safe Harbor" agreement is a voluntary agreement between the private landowner and FWS. The landowner agrees to alter the property to benefit or even attract a listed or proposed species in exchange for assurances that the FWS will permit future "takes" above a pre-determined level. The policy relies on the "enhancement of survival" provision of Section §1539(a)(1)(A). A landowner can have either a "Safe Harbor" agreement or an Incidental Take Permit, or both. The policy was developed by the Clinton Administration in 1999.
What two groups are bound by a "Safe Harbor" agreement? In exchange for altering the property to a more beneficial state, what does the landowner gain from the Safe Harbor agreement? Which presidential administration developed Safe Harbor policy? Are Safe Harbor agreements and ITPs mutually exclusive?