The term `propaganda' derives from propagare in post-classical Latin, as in “propagation of the faith" BIBREF1, and thus has from the beginning been associated with an intentional and potentially multicast communication; only later did it become a pejorative term. It was pragmatically defined in the World War II era as “the expression of an opinion or an action by individuals or groups deliberately designed to influence the opinions or the actions of other individuals or groups with reference to predetermined ends" BIBREF2. 
 Question: How is "propaganda" defined for the purposes of this study?
an intentional and potentially multicast communication “the expression of an opinion or an action by individuals or groups deliberately designed to influence the opinions or the actions of other individuals or groups with reference to predetermined ends"