Passage: Refusing the title of king, Mirwais was called "Prince of Qandahár and General of the national troops" by his Afghan countrymen. He died peacefully in November 1715 from natural causes and was succeeded by his brother Abdul Aziz; the latter was murdered later by Mirwais' son Mahmud. In 1720, Mahmud's Afghan forces crossed the deserts of Sistan and captured Kerman. His plan was to conquer the Persian capital, Isfahan. After defeating the Persian army at the Battle of Gulnabad on March 8, 1722, he proceeded to and besieged Isfahan for 6 months, after which it fell. On October 23, 1722, Sultan Husayn abdicated and acknowledged Mahmud as the new Shah of Persia. The majority of the Persian people, however, rejected the Afghan regime as usurpers from the start. For the next seven years until 1729, the Hotaks were the de facto rulers of most of Persia, and the southern and eastern areas of Afghanistan still remained under their control until 1738. The Hotak dynasty was a troubled and violent one from the very start as internecine conflict made it difficult to establish permanent control. The dynasty lived under great turmoil due to bloody succession feuds that made their hold on power tenuous, and after the massacre of thousands of civilians in Isfahan - including more than three thousand religious scholars, nobles, and members of the Safavid family - the Hotak dynasty was eventually removed from power in Persia. On the other hand, the Afghans had also been suppressed by the Iranian Safavid government represented by its governor Gurgin Khan before their uprising in 1709.
How did Abdul Aziz die? How many years did the Hotaks rule? What did Mirwais die of? What two major events occurred in 1722 in Afghanistan? What year did the the Hotaks the de facto rulers of most of Persia? Which happened later, the capture of Kerman or the Battle of Gulnabad? Which happened later, the death of Mirwais or the Battle of Gulnabad? Who did Mahmud murder? Who gained control of the Persian throne on October 23rd, 1722? Who took over for Mirwais? Who was Abdul Aziz's brother? Who was Mahmud's uncle? Who was Mirwais' brother? Who was murdered by Mahmud? Who was succeeded by Abdul Aziz?