बेफोर दुङा-सुवा ओनसोलफोराव दैज्लां फसलफोर महरै जौगायो, आरो माखासेया बुहुम-गेजेर आरो खाव-क्रानतियारिफोराव मेसें फसलफोर महरै जौगायो, जर’खायै भि, बेंगालेनसिस (सिन. एत्रपारपुरिया) आरो भि. सातिभा।
They are grown as summer crops in temperate zones, and some are grown as winter crops in the Mediterranean and subtropics, especially V. benghalensis (syn. atropurpurea) and V. sativa.