Penghargaan Pulitzer untuk Drama
Artikel Wikipedia
[[Judul]]
Penghargaan Pulitzer untuk Drama


[[Artikel]]
Penghargaan Pulitzer untuk Drama adalah salah satu dati tujuh Penghargaan Pulitzer Amerika yang secara tahunan diberikan kepada Surat, Drama, dan Musik.

Penghargaan dan nominasi 
Pada 98 tahun pertamanya sampai 2013, Penghargaan Pulitzer Drama dianugerahi 82 kali. Beberapa penghargaan dimenangkan oleh orang yang jumlahnya lebih dari satu untuk kolaborasi mereka, terutama lima orang pada 1976.

* Bintang yang menandai pemenang Penghargaan Tony untuk Permainan Panggung Terbaik atau Musikal Terbaik tahunan.

1910an 
 1917: tidak ada penghargaan
 1918: Why Marry? – Jesse Lynch Williams
 1919: tak ada penghargaan

1920an 
 1920: Beyond the Horizon – Eugene O'Neill
 1921: Miss Lulu Bett – Zona Gale
 1922: Anna Christie – Eugene O'Neill
 1923: Icebound – Owen Davis
 1924: Hell-Bent Fer Heaven – Hatcher Hughes
 1925: They Knew What They Wanted – Sidney Howard
 1926: Craig's Wife – George Kelly
 1927: In Abraham's Bosom – Paul Green
 1928: Strange Interlude – Eugene O'Neill
 1929: Street Scene – Elmer Rice

1930an 
 1930: The Green Pastures – Marc Connelly
 1931: Alison's House – Susan Glaspell
 1932: Of Thee I Sing – George S. Kaufman, Morrie Ryskind, Ira Gershwin,
 1933: Both Your Houses – Maxwell Anderson
 1934: Men in White – Sidney Kingsley
 1935: The Old Maid – Zoë Akins
 1936: Idiot's Delight – Robert E. Sherwood
 1937: You Can't Take it with You – Moss Hart, George S. Kaufman
 1938: Our Town – Thornton Wilder
 1939: Abe Lincoln in Illinois – Robert E. Sherwood

1940an 
 1940: The Time of Your Life – William Saroyan
 1941: There Shall Be No Night – Robert E. Sherwood
 1942: tidak ada penghargaan
 1943: The Skin of Our Teeth – Thornton Wilder
 1944: tidak ada penghargaan
 1945: Harvey – Mary Coyle Chase
 1946: State of the Union – Russel Crouse, Howard Lindsay
 1947: tidak ada penghargaan
 1948: A Streetcar Named Desire – Tennessee Williams
 1949: Death of a Salesman * – Arthur Miller

1950an 
 1950: South Pacific * – Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, Joshua Logan
 1951: tidak ada penghargaan
 1952: The Shrike – Joseph Kramm
 1953: Picnic – William Inge
 1954: The Teahouse of the August Moon * – John Patrick
 1955: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof – Tennessee Williams
 1956: The Diary of Anne Frank * – Albert Hackett dan Frances Goodrich
 1957: Long Day's Journey into Night * – Eugene O'Neill
 1958: Look Homeward, Angel – Ketti Frings
 1959: J.B. * – Archibald MacLeish

1960an 
 1960: Fiorello! * – Jerome Weidman, George Abbott, Jerry Bock, dan Sheldon Harnick
 1961: All the Way Home – Tad Mosel
 1962: How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying * – Frank Loesser dan Abe Burrows
 1963: tidak ada penghargaan
 1964: tidak ada penghargaan
 1965: The Subject Was Roses * – Frank D. Gilroy
 1966: tidak ada penghargaan
 1967: A Delicate Balance – Edward Albee
 1968: tidak ada penghargaan
 1969: The Great White Hope * – Howard Sackler

1970an 
 1970: No Place to be Somebody – Charles Gordone
 1971: The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds – Paul Zindel
 1972: tidak ada penghargaan
 1973: That Championship Season * – Jason Miller
 1974: tidak ada penghargaan
 1975: Seascape – Edward Albee
 1976: A Chorus Line * – Michael Bennett, Nicholas Dante dan James Kirkwood, Jr., Marvin Hamlisch dan Edward Kleban
 1977: The Shadow Box * – Michael Cristofer
 1978: The Gin Game – Donald L. Coburn
 1979: Buried Child – Sam Shepard

1980s 

 1980: Talley's Folly – Lanford Wilson
 1981: Crimes of the Heart – Beth Henley
 1982: A Soldier's Play – Charles Fuller
 1983: 'night, Mother – Marsha Norman
 True West – Sam Shepard
 1984: Glengarry Glen Ross – David Mamet
 Fool for Love – Sam Shepard
 Painting Churches – Tina Howe
 1985: Sunday in the Park with George – James Lapine dan Stephen Sondheim
 The Dining Room – A. R. Gurney
 The Gospel at Colonus – Lee Breuer, Bob Telson

 1986: tidak ada penghargaan
 1987: Fences * – August Wilson
 Broadway Bound – Neil Simon
 A Walk in the Woods – Lee Blessing
 1988: Driving Miss Daisy – Alfred Uhry
 Boy's Life – Howard Korder
 Talk Radio – Eric Bogosian
 1989: The Heidi Chronicles * – Wendy Wasserstein
 Joe Turner's Come and Gone – August Wilson
 M. Butterfly* – David Henry Hwang

1990an 

 1990: The Piano Lesson – August Wilson
 And What of the Night? – María Irene Fornés
 Love Letters – A. R. Gurney
 1991: Lost in Yonkers * – Neil Simon
 Prelude to a Kiss – Craig Lucas
 Six Degrees of Separation – John Guare
 1992: The Kentucky Cycle – Robert Schenkkan
 Conversations with My Father – Herb Gardner
 Miss Evers' Boys – David Feldshuh
 Two Trains Running – August Wilson
 Sight Unseen – Donald Margulies
 1993: Angels in America: Millennium Approaches * – Tony Kushner
 The Destiny of Me – Larry Kramer
 Fires in the Mirror – Anna Deavere Smith
 1994: Three Tall Women – Edward Albee
 Keely and Du – Jane Martin
 A Perfect Ganesh – Terrence McNally

 1995: The Young Man From Atlanta – Horton Foote
 The Cryptogram – David Mamet
 Seven Guitars – August Wilson
 1996: Rent * – Jonathan Larson
 A Fair Country – Jon Robin Baitz
 Old Wicked Songs – Jon Marans
 1997: tidak ada penghargaan
 Collected Stories – Donald Margulies
 The Last Night of Ballyhoo – Alfred Uhry
 Pride's Crossing – Tina Howe
 1998: How I Learned to Drive – Paula Vogel
 Freedomland – Amy Freed
 Three Days of Rain – Richard Greenberg
 1999: Wit – Margaret Edson
 Running Man – Cornelius Eady dan Diedre Murray
 Side Man * – Warren Leight

2000an 

 2000: Dinner with Friends – Donald Margulies
 In the Blood – Suzan-Lori Parks
 King Hedley II – August Wilson
 2001: Proof * – David Auburn
 The Play About the Baby – Edward Albee
 The Waverly Gallery – Kenneth Lonergan
 2002: Topdog/Underdog – Suzan-Lori Parks
 The Glory of Living – Rebecca Gilman
 Yellowman – Dael Orlandersmith
 2003: Anna in the Tropics – Nilo Cruz
 The Goat or Who Is Sylvia? * – Edward Albee
 Take Me Out * – Richard Greenberg
 2004: I Am My Own Wife * – Doug Wright
 Man from Nebraska – Tracy Letts
 Omnium Gatherum – Theresa Rebeck dan Alexandra Gersten-Vassilaros

 2005 Doubt: A Parable * – John Patrick Shanley
 The Clean House – Sarah Ruhl
 Thom Pain (based on nothing) – Will Eno
 2006: tidak ada penghargaan
 Miss Witherspoon – Christopher Durang
 The Intelligent Design of Jenny Chow – Rolin Jones
 Red Light Winter – Adam Rapp
 2007: Rabbit Hole – David Lindsay-Abaire
 Bulrusher – Eisa Davis
 Orpheus X – Rinde Eckert
 Elliot, a Soldier's Fugue – Quiara Alegría Hudes
 2008 August: Osage County *– Tracy Letts
 Dying City – Christopher Shinn
 Yellow Face – David Henry Hwang
 2009 Ruined – Lynn Nottage
 Becky Shaw – Gina Gionfriddo
 In the Heights * – Lin-Manuel Miranda dan Quiara Alegría Hudes

2010an 

 2010: Next to Normal – Tom Kitt dan Brian Yorkey
 Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo – Rajiv Joseph
 The Elaborate Entrance of Chad Deity – Kristoffer Diaz
 In the Next Room (or The Vibrator Play) – Sarah Ruhl
 2011: Clybourne Park * – Bruce Norris
 Detroit – Lisa D'Amour
 A Free Man of Color – John Guare
 2012: Water by the Spoonful – Quiara Alegría Hudes
 Other Desert Cities – Jon Robin Baitz
 Sons of the Prophet – Stephen Karam
 2013: Disgraced – Ayad Akhtar
 Rapture, Blister, Burn – Gina Gionfriddo
 4000 Miles – Amy Herzog
 2014: The Flick – Annie Baker
 The (Curious Case of the) Watson Intelligence – Madeleine George
 Fun Home – Jeanine Tesori dan Lisa Kron

 2015: Between Riverside and Crazy – Stephen Adly Guirgis
 Marjorie Prime – Jordan Harrison
 Father Comes Home From the Wars (Parts 1, 2, &3) – Suzan-Lori Parks

Musikal 
Delapan musikal memenangkan Penghargaan Pulitzer untuk Drama—-setidaknya satu kali per dekade dari 1930an sampai 2000an. Mereka adalah: Of Thee I Sing karya George dan Ira Gershwin (1932)¹, South Pacific karya Rodgers dan Hammerstein (1950), Fiorello! karya Bock & Harnick (1960), How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying karya Frank Loesser (1962), A Chorus Line karya Marvin Hamlisch, Ed Kleban, James Kirkwood, dan Nicholas Dante (1976), Sunday in the Park with George karya Stephen Sondheim dan James Lapine (1985), Rent karya Jonathan Larson (1996), dan Next to Normal karya Brian Yorkey dan Tom Kitt (2010).

Of Thee I Sing, Sunday in the Park with George, dan Next to Normal adalah musikal yang memenangkan Penghargaan Pulitzer dan tidak memenangkan Penghargaan Tony untuk Musikal Terbaik. Namun, Of Thee I Sing dibuat ketika Penghargaan Tony belum ada, dan "Next to Normal" memenangkan Penghargaan Tony untuk Skor Asli Terbaik dan Penghargaan Tony untuk Orkestra Terbaik.

Selain itu, dua musikal dinominasikan pada Penghargaan Pulitzer untuk Drama. Keduanya adalah: In the Heights karya Lin-Manuel Miranda dan Quiara Alegría Hudes (2009) dan Fun Home karya Jeanine Tesori dan Lisa Kron (2014).

Pemenang berganda 
Eugene O'Neill memenangkan Pulitzer untuk Drama empat kali, tiga kali pada 1920an. Beberapa orang menang dua atau tiga kali.
 Eugene O'Neill, 1920, 1922, 1928, dan 1957
 George S. Kaufman, 1932 dan 1937, keduanya berbagi dengan kolaborator
 Robert E. Sherwood, 1936, 1939, dan 1941
 Thornton Wilder, 1938 dan 1943
 Tennessee Williams, 1948 dan 1955
 Edward Albee, 1967, 1975 dan 1994
 August Wilson, 1987 dan 1990

Penghargaan tersebut diberikan kepada lima orang pada 1976 untuk musikal A Chorus Line.

Referensi 

Drama
Penghargaan sastra Amerika
Penghargaan teater Amerika
Penghargaan pembuat drama
Penghargaan yang dibentuk tahun 1918