The artificial pneumothorax was created: Intraoperative scan was acquired with the patient in the supine position. the examination couch was adjusted to the level of the diaphragm dome on the puncture side. When the bevel tip of the 5-ml syringe needle reached the pleura, the syringe would be removed, a transparent rubber tube would be connected, and a little sterile saline would be injected into the tube to form a water column.