Preoperative mediolateral radiographs of a canine stifle with CCLR to illustrate AMA-based CCWO planning. AA, anatomic axis; MA, mechanical axis; AMA angle, angle between the AA and the MA. The angle EBF and the angle of rotation angulation between the AA and the MA corresponded to the planned cranial wedge osteotomy (CWO) angle (ABC angle) for reducing the tibial plateau angle (TPA). The distal osteotomy line of the CWO (CD) was perpendicular to the AA, and the proximal line (AB) was perpendicular to the BF. B is located at the caudal insertion of the medial collateral ligament. AC defines the cranial cortical length of the wedge