Schematic indicating the method for measuring relevant parameters from anteroposterior pelvic and hip radiographs.Point N is the center of the femoral head, line OP is the anatomic axis of the femur, NO is perpendicular to line OP, and the distance of line NO is the hip offset. Points C and D are the most prominent points of the lesser trochanter, line AB is the trans-teardrop line with lines CA and DB drawn perpendicular to line AB, and the distances of lines CA and DB are femoral vertical offsets. The discrepancy between the lengths of lines DB and CA was documented as the LLI.