Results of the video fluoroscopic swallowing study. Material contact with vocal cord (black arrow) can be seen in the video fluoroscopic swallowing study before the commencement of the rehabilitation program. Much vallecular and pyriform sinus residue (white arrow) can be seen in the video clip. Upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction and poor laryngeal elevation are common findings noted in video fluoroscopic swallowing studies of OPMD patients.