Reference points, lines, and angles of measurement variables are seen on a panoramic radiograph. IMW: Width between the farthest distal mandibular angle points, ICW: Width between the farthest distal condyle head points, IZW: Width between the bottom points of the innominate line, RRW: Shortest horizontal length of the right mandibular ramus, LRW: Shortest horizontal length of the left mandibular ramus, RCI: Angle between a parallel line with the distal right condyle neck and a vertical line, LCI: Angle between a linear line with the distal left condyle neck and a vertical line.