MRI of a typical residual mass resulting from chemotherapy of left-sided metastatic seminoma: 5 cm para-aortic mass (patient R8 in  Table 1 ). T1-weighted imaging, fat-suppressed mode, coronal section. AA, abdominal aorta; IVC, inferior vena cava; LRV, left renal vein. Arrows denote the residual mass. This patient had an M371 level of relative quantity (RQ) = 1 and is continuously disease-free for 24 months. This figure illustrates that neither the imaging technique (i.e., MRI) nor the size of the residual mass (5 cm in this case) can safely predict the histology of the residual mass.