text: ᱯᱚᱞᱟᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱭᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ।  ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱫᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱟ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟ।
   ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱣᱫᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱚᱲ ᱥᱵ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ, ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟᱜᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤ ᱦᱮᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱩᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ।  ᱯᱨᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱚ ᱞᱮᱴᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ - ᱥᱣᱟᱥᱨᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱚᱡᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱟᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱠ ᱟ।  ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱞᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱞᱟᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱦᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ।  ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱚᱡᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱯᱚᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
   ᱟᱱᱩᱪᱷᱮᱫ 39 ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱥᱩᱞᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱭᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ।  ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱩᱪᱷᱮᱫ 14 ᱟᱨ 22 (2) ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ।  ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱰᱟ, ᱥᱟᱸᱭᱩᱠᱛ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ - ᱡᱷᱥ ᱛᱮᱫ 16 ᱨᱟᱡᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱭᱤᱛ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱭᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱥᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱨᱟ।  ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱭᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱫᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱞᱟᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱣᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱭᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜ (DoJ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 1987 ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ 12 ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ।
   ᱟᱞᱮ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱚᱸᱫᱷᱤᱛ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱟ।
   ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ - ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱭᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱲᱮᱣᱟ।  ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ, 1987 ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱜ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱚᱸᱫᱷ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱠ ᱫᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱚᱠ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ DoJ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ।  ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ - ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯᱫᱚᱸᱰ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ।  ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ -ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱣᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟ।
   ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱤᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱟ? 