
garfield barwick

surr garfield edward zaan barwick, (22 juun 1903-13 juulai 1997) australiaku chendina nyaayamuurti, 1964 nundi 1981 varaku padaviloe unna edava mariyu ekkuva kaalam panichesina pradhana nyaayamuurti. ayana intakumundu liberal party raajakeeyavettagaa 1958 nundi 1964 varaku menjis prabhutvamlo mantrigaa panicheesaaru.
barwick sidneylo janminchaadu, sidney vishwavidhyaalayamlo nyaayasaastram chadavadaaniki vellae mundu fort streat unnata paatasaalalo chadivaadu. 1927loe nyaayavaadiki piluvabadi, aneka pramukha kesulalo mariyu tarachugaa haikortu mundu haajaraina australia yokka atyanta pramukha nyaayavaadulalo okarigaa maararu. ayana nsw baar association mariyu australia nyaya mandaliki adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru. barwick 54 samvatsaraala vayassulo raajakeeyaalloki pravesinchi, 1958 paramatta upa ennikaloo pratinidhula sabhaku ennikaloo vijayam saadhinchaadu. pradhana mantri robbert menjis aaa samvatsaram chivari natiki aayananu attarney generalga niyaminchaaru, 1961loe ayana adanamgaa videsanga mantrigaa niyaminchabaddaaru.
1964loe, menjis padavee viramana chesina oven dickson sthaanamlo pradhana nyayamurthiga baarviknu thana empikagaa nominate chesaaru. taruvaati 17 samvatsaraalalo, barwick kortu aneka mukhyamaina rajyanga kesulanu nirnayinchindi, veetilo corporation adhikaranni gananeeyamgaa vistarinchadam mariyu pannu vidhimpu yokka rajyanga praatipadikaku sambandhinchina aneka kesulu unnaayi. 1975 rajyanga sankshobhamlo barwick kooda chinna conny mukhyamaina paatra poeshinchaadu, governor general zaan kerku pradhana mantri gau white laamnu padavi nundi tolaginchadam thana adhikaaramlo undani salaha icchaadu. athanu 77 samvatsaraala vayassulo kortu nundi padavee viramana chesaadu, conny 94 samvatsaraala vayassulo maraninche varaku praja vyaktigaa konasagaru. thana vruttiparamaina vruttiki velupala, athanu australian conservation foundation prarambha adhyakshudiga kooda panicheesaadu.
prarambha jeevitam mariyu vidya.
cornish muulaaniki chendina methodist tallidandrulaku janminchina mugguru sodarulalo barwick okaru; taruvaata athanu thana cornish gurtimpupai chaalaa pattubattadu. athanu sidneylooni antargata nagara shivaaru praantamaina stanmorelo perigaadu mariyu fort streat haiskoollo chadivaadu. athanu sidney vishwavidyaalayam nundi nyaayasaastramlo vishwavidyaalaya pathakamtho pattabhadrudayyaadu.
nyaya vrutti.
chaalaa shraddhagala vidyaarthi ayina barwick vishwavidyaalayam puurti chesina ventane nyaayasaastramlo cheraadu, ayinappatikee (taruvaata thana sonta pravesam dwara) mahaa maandyam samayamlo aardhika paramgaa teevramgaa badhapaddadu. athanu ashfieldlo servies station nirvahinchadaaniki thana tammudiki byaanku runaaniki haamidaarugaa unnadu, conny runaanni japthu chesinappudu byaankunu tirigi chellinchalekapoyadu, mariyu athanu paruvu nashtam kosam chamuru companylapai daavaa vesina taruvaata diwala teesaadu. idhi athani kereer mottamlo chaalaa mandhi ataniki vyatiraekamgaa jarigindi.
ayinappatikee, athanu 1927 nundi aneka adhikara paridhulalo nyayavadiga panichesi, gananeeyamaina gurtimpunu mariyu pratyarthula ayishtamaina gowravaanni saadhinchaadu. rendava prapancha yuddham praarambhamlo, australia prabhutvaaniki adhikaranni kendrikarinchina jaateeya bhadrata chattam 1939kii barwick chesina savaallu atanni baar yokka modati sthaanaaniki nadipinchaayi.
vilium dobel yokka archibald bahumati geluchukunna chitrakaarudu joshuva smith chitram yokka kalaatmaka yogyatalapai 1943 kesulo athanu bahirangamgaa pramukhudayyadu; odipoyina pravesakudu aaa chitram vyangyachitram anie, chaayaachitram kaadani paerkonnaadu. barwick vaadini praatinidhyam vahinchaadu, vaaru odipoyinappatiki, nyaayamuurtulu athani vaadanala pratibhanu prasamsimchaaru mariyu aaa samayam nundi athani paeru baga prasiddhi chendindi.
australia yokka aneka nirvachinche rajyanga kesulalo (udhaa.zii., airlines kesu, mariyu byaank jaateeyam kesu), aayanaku 1953loe nait padavi labhinchindi.
athani telivaina nyaayavaadaaniki oka prasiddha udaaharanagaa, maranasiksha vidhinchabadina padamudu mandhi malaysianlu prevy councillo appeal chesaaru. pannendu mandhi baarviknu nilupukunnaru, athanu arrestu vaarentlalo saanketika lopaanni kanugoni vaari swechhanu pondaadu. chivarivadu, athani salaha antha samagramgaa ledhu, uriteeyabaddaadu.
rajakeeyaalu.
liberal party sabhyudaina barwick 1958 paramatta upa ennikaloo pratinidhula sabhaku ennikayyaaru, 54 samvatsaraala vayassulo thana parliamentary vruttini praarambhinchaaru. 1958,1961 mariyu 1963 saarvatrika ennikalaloo tirigi ennikayyaaru.
1958 ennikala taruvaata, padavee viramana chesina neel oo 'sullivan sthaanamlo barwick attarney generalga cabinetku padoonnati pondaaru. aaa sthaanamlo, athanu "vaivahika kaaranaala chattam" mariyu "neeraala chattam" nuu savarinche chattam dwara maarganirdesam chesaadu mariyu nirbandha vaanijya paddhatula chattam kosam oka namuunaanu sthaapinchaadu. australialo sthirapadi soviet union vembadistunna estonian yuddha nerasthudu ayina erwin wicks kesulo thana paatraku kooda athanu prajala drushtini aakarshinchadu. rendu deshaala madhya appaginche oppandam lenanduna yuu. ess. ess. aarr. yokka appaginche abhyardhananu angeekarinchadaaniki barwick niraakarinchaadu; wicks valasa pareeksha prakriyalanu aamodinchindi mariyu atuvanti appaginchetappudu australia saarvabhoumatvaanni balaheenaparustundani vaadinchabadindi. 1961 ennikala taruvaata, barwick adanamgaa videsanga mantrigaa niyaminchabaddaadu. aikyaraajyasamiti sarvasabhya samavesaniki 15,17,18va samavesalaku australia pratinidhi brundaaniki ayana naayakatvam vahinchaaru.
kontakaalam paatu, baarviknu robbert menjeesku udaaravaadi nayakudiga mariyu pradhana mantrigaa varasudiga bhaavinchaaru. ayana paarlamentuloki pravesistunnarane vaarta vachinappudu, fraank braun nammakamgaa ilaa vraasaaru
ayithe, raajakeeya jeevitam yokka kattirimpu mariyu ottidiki anugunamgaa maaradaaniki barwick chaalaa kashtapaddadu. 1959 naati "neeraala chattam" gaa maarina daanipai teevra charcha kaaranamgaa ayana kanneellu pettukunnaarani nivedikalu vachayi, idhi khachitamainadani ayana taruvaata dhruveekarinchaaru. padavee viramana samayamlo, menjis tanaku "paarlamentu ardham kaaledu" anie cheppadu...] ayana niraasaparichina raajakeeyavetta "anie annaru. 1960loe jarigina oka abhipraya sekaranalo saadhaarana prajalalo kevalam moodu saatam mandhi matrame menjeela sthaanamlo aayanaku maddatu icchinatlu kanugonnaru. aayanaku itara udaaravaada empeela nundi takkuva maddatu undhi, mariyu ayana nayakatva avakaasaala gurinchi oohagaanaalu ekkuvagaa media aadhaaritamgaa undevi. barwick haikortuku padoonnati upa naayakudaina harrold holt kosam marinta "khaaliini clear chesindi", mariyu athanu chivariki 1966loe ekagreevamgaa menjis sthaanamlo nayakudiga niyaminchabaddaadu.
pradhana nyaayamuurti.
1964 april 27naa, barwick australia haikortu pradhana nyayamurthiga niyamitulayyaaru, surr oven dickson taruvaata, sidney vishwavidyaalayam nundi eee padavini nirvahinchina modati nyaayasaastra pattabhadrudu. conberralo haikortu bhavanam nirmaanamloo ayana keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru (anadhikarikamga, phalitamgaa, "gars mahal" anie pilustaaru), mariyu 1966loe australian parirakshana foundationku modati adhyakshudu ayyaru.
nyaayasthaanaaniki niyaminchabadataaniki mundu australia paarlamentulo panichesina haikortu yokka enimidi mandhi nyaayamuurtulaloo barwick okaru; migilina vaaru edmond barton, richard oo 'connor, isak isacs, hetch. bii. higgins, edward mctearnan, zaan latham mariyu lionel marfi.
1972loe ayana australian institute pharr international affires adhyakshudayyaru. athanu anhu pareekshalalo (australia v. france) mariyu anhu pareekshalu (newzealand v. france) "kesulu, australia mariyu newzealand samyuktamgaa praatinidhyam vahistunnaayi.
barwick kortu yokka mukhyamaina nirnayam corporation adhikaram yokka aadhunika vivaranaku prarambhanni suuchimchimdi, idhi 1909 nundi irukaina ardhamlo ardham cheyabadindi. concreat pipes kesu (1971) federal paarlamentu kaneesam corporationla vaanijya karyakalapalanu niyantrinche adhikaranni upayoginchagaladani sthaapinchindi, ayithe munupati vivaranalu prajalatho pravartana ledhaa lavadevila niyantrananu matrame anumatinchaayi.
samudraalu mariyu munigipoyina bhoomula kesu (1975) thoo sahaa aneka itara mukhyamaina rajyanga kesulanu kortu nirnayinchindi, praadaesika samudrampai saarvabhoumaadhikaaraanni nokki cheppe chattanni samarthinchindi; modati (1975) mariyu rendava (1977) bhuubhaaga senatorlu kesulu, australia paarlamentulo pradhana bhuubhaaga bhuubhaagaalaku praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki anumatinche chattam chellubaatu avtunda anedaaniki sambandhinchinavi; mariyu "kutumba chattam chattam 1975" yokka chellubaatuku sambandhinchina "russell vii russell" (1976). 1974loe australia paarlamentu chaaritraatmaka ummadi samavesaniki sambandhinchina "carmac vii taple" (1974) mariyu petrolium und minerals authority kesu (1975) thoo sahaa aneka kesulanu kooda kortu nirnayinchindi.
barwick kortu pannu egavetha mariyu pannu egavetapai aneka aprasiddha kesulanu teerpu ichindi, daadaapu ellappuduu pannu kaaryaalayaaniki vyatiraekamgaa teerpu istundi. chaalaa teerpulalo barwick netrutvamloni nyayasthaanam egavetha (chattabaddhamgaa okari pannu baadhyatalanu tagginchadam) mariyu egavetha (chattaviruddhamgaa baadhyatalanu tappinchukovadam) madhya thedaanu gurtinchindi. eee nirnayaalu samarthavantamgaa egavetha vyatiraeka chattanni raddu chesaayi mariyu 1970laloe egavetha pathakaala vistaranaku daariteesaayi, phalitamgaa idhi nyaayasthaanampai chaalaa vimarsalanu edurkondi.
1975 australia rajyanga sankshobham samayamlo, sarafara aamodam pondalekapoyinappudu ennikalaku salaha ivvadaaniki niraakarinchina pradhanini tolaginchadam yokka rajyanga chattabaddhatapai governor general surr zaan kerku ayana vivadaspadamga salaha icchaaru. adhi mukhyamainadi, endukante barwick mariyu goff vitlam, vaari prabhutva kerr tolaginchaaru, 1950la madhyakaalam nundi vyatiraekata charitra kaligi unnaaru. inca, baarviknu sampradinchadaaniki ledhaa thana sonta salaha tappa maray salaha meeda ayina panicheyadaaniki anumati kosam kerr chesina abhyardhananu vitlam tiraskarinchaadu.
1980 maeloe haikortu conberraloni kotta praamganaaniki maralsi undhi. oka samvatsaram kritam, eee charyanu oohinchi, barwick malcum fraserku (tolagimpu phalitamgaa pradhaanamantri ayina mariyu december 1975 ennikala dwara karyalayamlo dhruveekarinchabadina), jaateeya rajadhanilo adhikaarika nivasanni koorutuu lekha raasaaru. athani abhyardhana "itara australionlapy aardhika samyamaanni koorutuu haikortu perugutunna kharchulatho ibbandullo padina cabinetto pradhana beloon laaga padipoyindi", mariyu tiraskarinchabadindi. conberraloni $46.5 millionla haikortu bhavananni raani 1980 maeloe praarambhinchaaru, netikee dheenini "gaar mahal" anie pilustaaru.
surr zaan latham sudeerghakaalam pradhana nyayamurthiga panichesina rikaardunu adhigaminchina konni nelala tarvaata, 1981loe barwick bench nundi padavee viramana chesaaru. athanu adbhutamaina aarogyaanni konasaginchadu mariyu thana jeevitaantam varaku chattaparamaina samasyalapai chaalaa korukune nipunudigaa churukuga konasaginchadu. ayana rachanalalo "surr zaan thana kartavyaanni nirvartinchaadu" (kerr vaitlaamnu tolaginchadampai vyakhyanam) mariyu 1995 naati ayana ghnaapakaalunnaayi.
private council.
barwick 1964loe prevy councillerga niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu 1966 mariyu 1980 madhya 22 sandarbhaallo prevy council yokka judicial kamiteelo sabhyudiga kuurchunnaadu. asammatini anumatinchadaaniki prevy council vidhaanaaniki savarana cheyaalani barwick pattubattaru, ayithe athanu daanini okkasari matrame upayoginchaadu. appeellu ekkuvagaa itara commonwealth deshaala nirnayaalaku sambandhinchinavi, ayinappatikee avi appudappudu rashtra supreenkortu nundi appeellanu kaligi untaayi.
prevy council (appeella parimiti) chattam 1968" aamodinchadaaniki barwick maddatu icchaaru, idhi haikortu nundi prevy council yokka judicial kamiteeki appeellanu moosivesindi. australia thana sonta chattaparamaina tappulu cheyalsina avasaram undhi" anie ayana annaru. ayithe, "australia chattam 1986" aamodinchabade varaku rashtra sarvonnata nyaayasthaanaala nundi prevy councillo appeal cheyadam saadhyamaindi.
vyaktigata jeevitam.
1929loe, barwick narma simonesnu vivaham chesukunnadu, veeritho ataniki oka kumarudu mariyu oka kumarte unnaaru.
athanu robbert ellikat yokka janta bandhuvu, attarney general kooda, taruvaata australia federal kortu nyaayamuurti, mariyu barwick laaga fort streat mariyu sidney vishwavidhyaalayaaniki hajarayyadu. 1997 juulai 13naa, 94 samvatsaraala vayasulo, barwick maraninchaadu. ayana dahanam cheyabaddaadu mariyu ayana buudidanu uttara shivaaru praantaala smaaraka udyanavanalalo khananam chesaaru.
gowravaalu.
juun 1953loe, "praja sevaku chesina sevaku gurtimpugaa" ayana gurrapu bachelorga niyaminchabaddaaru.
1965 janavarilo, haikortu pradhana nyayamurthiga ayana chesina krushini gouravistuu, ayana seyint maikhel mariyu seyint georg (zii. sii. emm. zii) arder yokka nait grand crossga niyaminchabaddaaru.
juun 1981loe, athanu "australia paarlamentu, prabhutvam mariyu chattaniki chesina sevaku gurtimpugaa" australia arder (eke) kuu gurram gaa niyaminchabaddaadu.
bahya linkulu.
surr garfield barwick thoo olivar johns rahasya interview

