
erra chokka (oglaalaa)

erra chokka (oglaalaa lakotah praamaanika lakota aksharakramamlo "ogle luta") (1847-janavari 4,1925) oka oglaalaa lakota adhipati, yodhudu mariyu raajaneetignudu. erra chokka 1876-1877 yokka goppa seox yuddham mariyu 1890 yokka deyyam nrutya udyamam samayamlo verri gurraniki maddatu ichindi, mariyu 1880 loe washingtonku lakota pratinidhigaa unnaaru. erra chokka 1877 loe verri gurramtho longipoyindi. longipoyina taruvaata athanu ippudu erra chokka, esdi anie piluvabade praantaaniki vellaadu. erupu chokka gede billu yokka wild west thoo modati adavi westerlalo okati mariyu carlisle sthaanika paarisraamika paatasaalaku maddatudaaru. erupu chokka gede billu yokka wild vestto antarjaateeya pramukha wild westinga maarindi mariyu 1887loe inglandlo athani pradarsana europeanla drushtini aakarshinchindi mariyu sthaanika americanla pragatiseela imagenu andinchindi.
prarambha jeevitam.
erra chokka fort fetterman, wyoming sameepamlo janminchindi. erra chokka yokka prarambha jeevitam gurinchi aneka vruttaamtaalu unnaayi. oka kathanam emitante, erra chokka oka tella vyakti kumarudu mariyu oka lakota talli. erra chokka dwara, maroka kathanam emitante, athanu oka goppa yodhudi nayakudi kumarudu. dakshina dakotaloni paine ridge vadda sthirapadina oyuhpe byaand yokka pragatiseela adhipati ayina erra kukka kumarudu erra chokka anie will rosers nivedinchaaru. erra chokka mariyu erra kukka 1880loe washingtonku lakota pratinidhulugaa unnaaru, paine ridge indian polisga panicheesaaru mariyu vaari pillalanu pensylvanialoni carlislloni carlisle sthaanika paarisraamika paatasaalaku pampaaru. 1877 natiki erra chokka paine parvatasreni vadda vagluhe nayakudiga udbhavinchindani charitrakaarulu angeekaristunnaaru.
1880loe, erra chokka erra megham mariyu erra kukkatho carlisle sthaanika paatasaalaku mariyu washington dii.sii. lakota pratinidhigaa.
yodhudu.
pradhana erra chokka verri gurramtho mariyu migilina oglaalaatho chinna pedda kommu vadda camp cheyabadindi. eeglala shibiram ippudu chivari stand hill anie piluvabade diguva bhaagamlo unna cheyenne shibiram pakkana undhi. shanti mariyu yuddhaaniki praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki pradhana erra chokka thana juttunu dharinchevaadu. ayana saantiki siddhamgaa unnaarani suuchimchadaaniki ayana juttuku oka vaipu chutti, maroe vaipu yuddhaaniki ayana samsiddhatanu suuchistuu vadulugaa dharinchaaru. athanu pradhana erra meghamto washington dii. kii prayaaninchinappudu idhi jarigindi.sii. erra chokka charitra chaalaa varaku vraayabadindi. ayana jeevitamlooni kutumba sabhyulu yuddhamlo ayana chesina dhairyam gurinchi chebutaaru. gede billu kodi erra chokkaatho aakattukundi. eee vidhamgaa nischitaartham chesukunna pramukha naayakulalo erra chokka, oka sandehaaspadamaina yodhudu mariyu kuurchunna eddu taruvaata rendava prabhaavamlo unnadu. maatho nischitaarthaaniki kontakaalam mundu, athanu thana prajalalo oka tirugubaatunu anachivesadu, tega adhipatigaa natinche oka natudu prerepinchi, thana iddaru anucharulatho kalisi natinchevaari shibirampai daadi chesi, bhayapadina thana bhaarya kalla mundu nayakudini kalchi champadu. eee nirbhayamaina charya athani prajala drushtilo atanni chaalaa paiki lepadaaniki upayogapadindi, aaa taruvaata athanu atanni nayakudiga angeekarinchaadu. anduvalla, athanu wild west sholo cheraalani nirnayinchukunnappudu, neenu ataniki chesina pogadtala pratipaadanala krinda, athani prabhavam athani sonta tega nundi matrame kakunda, itarula nundi kooda bhaaratheeyulanu pondadamlo maaku chaalaa sahaayapadindi.anie.
carlisle sthaanika paarisraamika paatasaala.
1879loe, erra chokka, neelam gurram mariyu american gurramtho paatu, pensylvanialoni carlislloni carlisle indian industrial schoollo modati taragatilo tama pillalanu namodu chesukundani chebutaaru. ayithe, carlisle indian paatasaala recordulalo chesina shodhanalo erra chokka pillalu evaruu carlisle indian paatasaalaku haajaru kaaledani suuchistumdi. erra chokka kaarlisilnu sandarsinchedi, conny sandarsakulugaa matrame, thana pillalanu akkada ennadoo namodu chesukoledu. "carlisleku vacchina modati seox pillalu akkada santoshamgaa undaleru. conny adhi vaariki bhavishyattuku unna ekaika avakaasam."wild westing mariyu carlisle indian paatasaala vidya, avakaasam mariyu aasalaku dwaaraalu, mariyu lakota prajalu niraasaku guraina, paedalu, vedhimpulaku guraina mariyu nirbandhinchabadina samayamlo vachayi. paine parvata shreniki chendina aneka adavi jantuvulu 1879loe praarambhamainappati nundi 1918loe moosivese varaku tama pillalanu carlisle sthaanika paarisraamika paatasaalalo chaerchukunnaayi.
wild westing.
marchi 31,1887naa, cheef redd shirtu, cheef blue haars mariyu cheef american haars mariyu vaari kutumbaalu newyork nagaramloni ss "state off nebrasca" loe ekkaaru, vaaru queen victoria swarnothsavaallo pradarsana icchina gede billu yokka modati antarjaateeya pradarsanalo samudraanni daati inglaandku vellinappudu lakota prajalaku kotta prayaanaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaaru mariyu aidu nelala kaalamlo birmingham, salford mariyu london gundaa paryatinchaaru. eee parivaaramlo 97 mandhi bhaaratheeyulu, 18 gedelu, 2 jinkalu, 10 elkulu, 10 gaadidalu, 5 texas steerlu, 4 gaadidalu mariyu 108 gurralu unnaayi. gede billu sthaanika american udyogulanu tella koubaaylatho samanamga pariganinchindi. prati season mugimpulo adavi jantuvulu manchi vaetanaalu, ravana, gruhanirmaanam, samruddhiga aaharam mariyu dustulu bahumatulu mariyu gede billu nundi nagadu pondaayi. wild westerlanu pradarsakulu, vyaakhyaatalu mariyu niyamakuluga niyaminchaaru. purushula jebulo, vaari kutumbaala kosam reservationlapy dabbu undedi. mahilaa kalaakaarulaku sisuvulu mariyu pillalaku adanapu chellimpu mariyu lakota chetipanula tayari mariyu ammakam dwara vaetanaalu adanamgaa ivvabaddaayi. aatithya sanghaalanu sandarsinchetappudu yuvakulu shraddhatho, maryaadatoe vyavaharinchaelaa chusenduku kavaatullo paalgonadaaniki gowravaneeyulaina pedda maga sthaanikulanu niyaminchukunna pradarsanalu, mariyu niyamaalanu saampradaaya oglaalaa lakota adhipatulu, maajee yuu.ess. armi sthaanika scouts. show nativates" anie piluvabade oglaalaa wild westers tamanu taamu "osket vikasa" ledhaa "show myaan" anie piluchukuntaaru, idhi goppa gowravam mariyu gowravam yokka birudu. 1887 nundi, aneka vandala paine parvata shrenula kutumbaalato wild westing kutumba sampradaayamgaa undhi, mariyu wild wester community sampradaayam circus kutumbaalu mariyu sanghaala sampradaayaaniki bhinnamgaa ledhu.
samudraanni daatandi.
1887loe ingland parytananu praarambhinchadaaniki mundu, aneka mandhi bhaaratheeyulu goppa jalaalu tvaralo tamanu adhigaminchi bhayankaramaina maranaanni kaligistayane teevra bhayanni vyaktam chesaaru. erra chokka eee bhayalu aneka sthaanika tegalalo prabalamgaa unna nammakam valla sambhavinchaayani vivarinchindi, oka erra manishi samudram daatadaaniki prayatniste, thana prayaanaanni praarambhinchina ventane athanu modata baadhitudini sashtanga namaskaram chesi, aapai nemmadigaa thana mamsanni tine oka vyaadhi baarina padataadani, rojanta, charmam thana emukala nundi padipotundi, asthipanjaram tappa aemee migalledu mariyu idhi samadhini kooda kanugonalekapoyindi. newyork nundi bayaludaerina marusati roeju, bhaaratheeyulu alasipovadam praarambhinchaaru mariyu vaari kadupu nammasakyam kaanidigaa mariyu tirugubatudaruluga maarindi. vaari bhayalu ippudu entha teevramgaa unnayante, athani prajalalo atyanta dhairyavanthudaina erra chokka kooda nijamgaa taggutondo ledho chuudataaniki athani sariiraanni anubhooti chendadam praarambhinchindi. gede billu, "vaarini utsaahaparachadaaniki mariyu vaari mundastu korikalanu tagginchadaaniki thana atyanta prayatnaalanu upayoginchaadu. conny rendu rojula paatu daadaapu mottam company chepalaku aaharam ivvadam kante itara kriyaaseela sevalaku chaalaa anaarogyamtho undhi, indulo neenu saadhaarana vataa kante ekkuva chesanani cheppadaniki garvapadanu. ayithe, moodava rojuna, memanta ippati varaku kolukovadam modalupettamu, neenu sthaanikulanu pradhana seloonlo kalisi pilichi vaariki aadivaaram chirunama icchaanu, alaage bhavishyattu gurinchi thana aandolana nundi ippudu kolukunna erra chokka kooda ichindi.
inglandlo erra chokka.
pradhana erra chokkanu british patrikalu simhikalugaa marchai mariyu athanu ekkadiki vellinaa vilekharulu photo teesaaru. athani andamaina lakshanaalu mariyu gambheeramaina pravartana vilekharulu athani prati maatanu niluvarinchelaa chesindi mariyu athanu kodi yokka ingland paryatanalo atyanta udaharinchabadina wild wester pramukhudu ayyadu. erra chokka shefield nundi vacchina oka vilekhariki ilaa vivarinchindihi "neenu aemee teliyaka rendu chandrula kritam naa ladge nundi praarambhinchaanu, mariyu neenu sthaanika reservationlalo undi unte, neenu andhudigaa undalsi undedi. ippudu neenu kotta udayaanni chudagalanu. neenu saktivantamaina jalaalanu daate goppa illanu (oodalu) chushanu, vesavi endalo keetakalala laetha mukhalu nindina antuleni goppa gramalu. memu sthaanika reservationku tirigi vacchi, memu chusina vaatini vaariki cheppinappudu mana prajalu eee vishayalanu chuusi aascharyapotaaru.anie.
raajaneetignudu.
erra chokka oka pradarsana vyapara vyaktitvaanni sweekarinchi, raajaneetignudigaa niroopinchabadindi. erra chokka sthaanika americanla chitraanni pradarsinchindi, idhi europeanlu purogati, prabhuvulu mariyu nagarikathatho anubandhinchagalaru. queen victoria pradhana erra chokkanu aaraadhinchi, pratyeka command pradarsananu abhyardhinchindi. united statesloni sthaanikula bhavishyattupai "dhi brisbane courier" kuu erra chokka vyaakhyaaninchindi. "prati seasonlo erra manishi marutunnadu. taruvaati taraaniki chendinavaaru chivari taraaniki chendinavaaru kaaru. mana gedelannee daadaapu poyayi, jinkalu puurtigaa adrusyamayyaayi, tella manishi mana bhoomini marinta ekkuvagaa teesukuntaadu. conny america prabhutvam baagundi. nijame, adhi mana bhoomini laakkonnadi, tella manishi mana jinkanu, mana gedenu tinesadu, conny prabhutvam ippudu manam aakalitho undakunda undataaniki manaku aaharam istundi. vaaru mana pillalaku vidyanu neerpistunnaaru mariyu vyavasaya panimutlanu upayoginchadam neerputunnaaru. mana pillalu tellajati nagarikatanu neerchukuntaaru mariyu ayanala jeevistaaru. idhi bhavishyattulo mana ekaika drukpatham. ippudu memu prabhutva reshanlapai aadharapadi unnaamu, conny aaa bahumatini pondadaaniki maaku puurtigaa arhata undani memu bhavistunnamu. idhi vaaru maa nundi teesukunna bhoomiki vaaru chellinche dharalo oka bhaagam, mariyu memu jeevinchina mandalanu champinanduku maaku kontha pariharam. naaku, united states prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa poradatam valla upayogam ledani naaku telusu. neenu naa vidhini angeekaristunnaanu. erra manishi atipedda adavula antha pedda gramalalo nivasinche tellajati purushulandarinee champaledu. conny mana yuvakulalo kontamandiki idhi teliyadu, mariyu vaaru praeri meeda kukkala aakalitho chanipoye badulu tama chetullo tama tomahaclatho tama tandrula maadirigaa chanipovadaniki enchukovachhu."
earl kortuku sandarsakulu.
raaja paksham oka pradarsana tarvaata bharatiya sibiraanni tanikhi chesindi mariyu yuvaraju albert edward erra chokkaatho sudeerghamgaa sambhaashinchaaru. yuvarani alegzandra, oka vyaakhyaata dwara, pradhana erra chokka mariyu itara adavi dustulanu inglaandku swaagatinchindi. adhipati, goppa gowravamtho ilaa samaadhaanamichaaduh "aaa goppa tellajati adhipati bhaarya maata vinadam naa hrudayaanni santoshaparustundani cheppandi."april 28,1887naa, maajee pradhani mariyu prastuta paarlamentulo pratipaksha party nayakudu vilium ewart gladstone, earl aasthaanamlo thana bhaaryatho kalisi wild west show maidaanamlo paryatinchi erra chokkaatho sudeerghamgaa matladaru. erra chokka gladstonetho aakattukundi.
neenu aaa goppa tellajati adhipatini chusinappudu ayana goppa vyakti anie anukunnanu. ayana matladatam vinnapudu, ayana goppa vyakti anie naaku khachitamgaa anipinchindi. conny tellajati adhipati tegalu bayata unna pedda vyaktulalaa kaadu. athanu plooms mariyu alankaranalu dharinchaledu. aayanatho paatu ayana yuvakulu (yodhulu) evaruu laeru, ayana matladatam neenu vinnappude ayana naaku itara tellajati purushula maadirigaa undevaaru. conny naa sodarudu mister. naa ladgelo nannu chuudataaniki snehitudigaa gledstone vacchaadu, tellajati nayakudini chuusi neenu santoshinchaanu, endukante athani samakshamlo naa naaluka kattabadinappatiki naa hrudayam puurti snehamlo undhi. ayana vellina taruvaata, ayana goppa swethajaatheeyula desamlo sagam mandhi aayananu tama adhipatigaa sweekarinchaarani vaaru naaku chepparu. ayana manchivaadu, telivainavaadu kakapoyi unte, ayana desamloni chaalaa mandhi yuvakulu aayananu ennadoo tama nayakudiga teesukoledu.anie.
ammamma ingland.
1887 mae 9naa, gede billu yokka wild west londonlo praarambhinchabadindi. prekshakula sabhyulalo queen victoria kooda unnaaru, aame moodu rojula taruvaata earl aasthaana sibiraanni sandarsinchindi. block elk sthaanikulaku "mahima vastundani" cheppaarani gurthu chesukunnaru. adhi emito naaku modata teliyadu, conny neenu taruvaata neerchukunnaanu. vasichus" verri gurraanni hatya chesina taruvaata memu kontakaalam nivasinchina ammamma bhoomini ammamma inglaandku chendinadi."erra chokka raanini kalavadam patla thana santoshaanni vyaktam chesi," neenu ninnu chuudataaniki vaela mailla dhooram vacchaanu "anie aametho vyaakhyaaninchindi. ippudu neenu ninnu chusinappudu, naa hrudayam santoshistondi."eee encounter mariyu athani maatalu patrikalalo vistrutamgaa vyaapinchayi mariyu aame diarylo namodu cheyabaddaayi. eee "aadesam" kuu muppai samvatsaraala mundu jarigina aame bhartha prins albert maranam nundi, raani saadhaaranamgaa ontarigaa undedi. aame thana prajalalo goppa samavesala mundu arudugaa kanipinchindi mariyu aame paarlamentu sandarsanalu kooda arudugaa undevi. thana sudeergha santaapa samayamlo aame eppuduu naataka pradarsanalaku vellaledu. aaa kaalamlooni goppa natulu mariyu nateemanula gurinchi aameku taja ghnaanam aame aasthaanamlo icchina vyaktigata pradarsanala dwara pondabadindi, ivi arudugaa undevi. "wild west windser kotaku teesukelladaaniki chaalaa pedda vishayam, mariyu mahomet mariyu parvatam vishayamlo vale, wild west raani vaddaku vellalekapoyinanduna raani wild west velladam chaalaa avasaram ayyindi, aame daanini chudalanukunte, mariyu aame alaa chesindani spashtamgaa kanipinchindi."appudu neenu erra chokkanu, sthaanika adhipati, yuddha paint mariyu eekalu ucchulu loe andamainavaadu. athani garvam raaja pakshamlo aakarshinchindi, mariyu athanu oka vyaakhyaata dwara matladetappudu, aame mahimanu chuudataaniki chaalaa dhooram vacchaanani, "santoshinchaa" anie cheppinappudu, raani prasamsistuu navvindi, mariyu errati vyaktigaa, asadhaaranamgaa, conny garvamgaa, supreenkortu nyaayamuurti gowravamtho dhooramgaa nadichinapudu, aame ilaa cheppinatlu anipinchindi, "neenu atanini chusinappudu naaku nijamaina yuvaraju telusu."prati charya hadavidiga mariyu utsaahamgaa jarigindi, mariyu 'bravo', 'baga chesaru' modalaina arupulu sweekarinchabaddaayi. exhibition mugimpulo naaku mariyu naaku erra chokka kosam calls cheyabaddaayi, dheeniki pratispandanagaa neenu naa poeshakulaku krutagnatalu teliyajesaanu mariyu aaa saayantram daya pradarsana ghnaapakam naa ghnaapakaalalo eppatikee tajaga untundani vaariki haamii icchaanu. prekshakulandaruu 'bravo, bill' anie kekalu veyadam, 'athanu manchi vyakti' anie padatam pradarsananu mugimpuku teesukuvacchaayi."
gothe yokka "foust".
london cherukunna koddikaalaanike, cody thana adavi jantuvulanu kontamandini lysium theatres surr henry irving nirminchina gothes foustnu chuudataaniki teesukellaaru. "dhi london times" daani bhayaanakataku seox chaalaa bhayapaddarani nivedinchindi. landanlooni pradhana theatres, "patrikalu sthaanikulaku pradarsanaku adhipatigaa pariganinchabade erra chokka, raaja pettelo kuurchuni, haajaraina koubaaylu mariyu sthaanikulaku prabhuvula prakaasaanni suuchistumdi. pradarsana tarvaata pradarsanakaarulanu vedikapaiki aahvaanistuu, irving eee sandarbhaanni thana sonta prayojanaaniki upayoginchukunnadu. sthaanika nayakulu yuddha-paint yokka puurti vistrutamaina rangulo, oka chetilo talapai anchu unna pataakaanni pattukuni, maroka chetilo chakkera plum tinadam chudatam kottadani" irving naatakeeya patrika "yugam" gurinchi vyakhyaaninchaaru."eee karyakramam ataniki oka kalanu gurthu chesindani erra chokka vyaakhyaaninchindi. narakanni viswasinchani seox, vaari vyaakhyaata prakaram, "daani viluva kosam", oka "vasichu" kala kosam, hades yokka adbhutamaina drushyaalanu teesukunnadu.
westminster abbelo vision.
"aakaasaaniki sikharaalu cherukune, erra manishi lekkinchina daanikante ekkuva kaalalu nilabade goppa aatma kosam tella manishi yokka ladgelu, annee nannu bhayankaramaina aascharyamtho kottayi. mariyu neenu ikkada unnappati nundi konnisaarlu aaa goppa aatma naatho maatlaadutundi. neenu rajulanu khananam chesina goppa aatma vasati gruhamlo (westminster abbi) unnappudu, neenu naa mukham naa chetulapai unchaanu. aaa bodhakudi maatalu naaku teliyavu, conny avi aakugala adavilo mettati galulala anipinchaayi, naa kanureppalu bhaaramgaa unnaayi. appudu neenu mruduvaina sangeetam mariyu madhuramaina swaraalanu vinnanu, mariyu oka goppa megham naa vaipu vachindi, adhi nannu daadaapu taakinappudu, adhi terichindi mariyu neenu kaanti mantalo rekkalu unna ammayilanu chushanu mariyu vaaru nannu suuchimchaaru. neenu chusinadi emitante, naatho unna naa yuvakulanu 'vacchi idhi emito chudandi' anie pilichanu, aaa yuvakulu, 'meeru kalalu kantunnaru' anie samadhanam icchaaru.conny neenu chusinadi nijam, endukante neenu taruvaata goppa ladge chuttoo chusinappudu, neenu naa kalalalo chusina rekkalu unna adhe ammayilanu godalapai chushanu. mana prajalu eee vishayalanu chuusi aascharyapotaaru, manam sthaanika reservationku tirigi vacchi, manam chusina vaatini vaariki cheppinappudu.anie.
aangla aatidhyam.
erra chokka mariyu sahacharulaku aangla aatidhyam icchina saayantram varaku chikitsa andinchinatlu "london courier" nivedinchindi. gatha aadivaaram naadu tuphaanu kaaranamgaa willesden, gede billu yokka wild west show yokka bharatiya brundamchae aakraminchabadindi. vaastavam emitante mister. tii.bii. white haart hotel kuu chendina johns, thana goppa maryaadaku maroe udaaharanagaa, erra chokka, neelam gurram, chinna eddu, chinna adhipati mariyu paina egurutuu unna sumaru iravai mandini thana prasiddha vasati gruhaniki ahvaninchadu, daani gurinchi vaaru athani adbhutamaina aatidhyaanni aasvaadinchavachchu. naa atidheyudu andinchina bandi mariyu break loe, eee pramukha nayakulu, vaari swartha sahacharulatho kalisi, mukhalu ullasamga chithrinchabadi, mancham meeda padukuni, eekalu mariyu aabharanaalato tadisi, vaari sundaramaina dustulu dharinchi, vaari pradhana vyaakhyaata, branco billu mariyu itara adhikaarulatho kalisi tellani hrudayaaniki 12 gantala samayamlo sagam varaku cherukunnaru.anie.
satruvu antyakriyalatho chuttumuttabadi untundi.
1887loe gede billu mariyu athani wild west aidu nelala paatu inglaandlooni salford nagaramlo sibiraalu erpaatu chesaaru. salford loe undagaa, satruvu chuttoo unna wild west gunn-sling mariyu gurrapu swarry chese stunt maan, bahusha challani vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa, salford quays vadda thana tplo chaatii infection kaaranamgaa maraninchaadu. "chuttupakkala" aaru adugula edu angulaala podavu, 22 samvatsaraala vayassu mariyu oka seox yodhudi gambheeramaina drushyam anie varninchabadindi. akkada namodu cheyabadina charchi khananam ledhu, mariyu chuttoo erra chokka mariyu nalla elk nirvahinchina saampradaaya seox vedukalo khananam cheyabadindani nammutaaru. oglaalaa lakota anusandhanam gedela kortu mariyu dakota avenue vanti veedhi paerlatoe salfordlo nivasistundi.
eefil tower.
1889loe, kodi yokka wild west aaru nelalu paarislo gadipindi. bastle patanam shatabdi rojuna, adavi westerla brundam eefil towernu adhirohinchindi. pariseelana plaat nundi, athani krinda paarisnu mariyu paina aakaasaanni survey chestunna erra chokka, "prajalu ikkada mammalni chaalaa takkuvagaa choosthe, paiki unna oka" vakantanka "kii vaaru entha chinnavarila kanipistaaru."
chivari rojulu.
wild westing taruvaati aneka dasaabdaalaku pradhana erra chokka yokka pradhana aardhika maddatugaa undindi.
pradhana erra chokka 1925loe 77 samvatsaraala vayasulo maraninchindi mariyu dakshina dakotaloni paine parvata shrenilo khananam cheyabadindi.
erupu chokka table.
redd shirtu table anedi dakshina dakotaloni oglaalaa lakota counteeloo unna oka table parvatam, idhi oglaalaa seox tega yokka paine ridge sthaanika reservationlo bhaagam. pradhana erra chokka paeru pettabadina eee table sumaru podavugaa untundi, saadhaaranamgaa uttara-dakshina disalo vistarinchi untundi mariyu idhi badlands jaateeya udyaanavanam yokka balamaina vibhagam yokka paschima sarihaddu venta undhi. park yokka ettaina pradaesam table yokka dakshina chivaralo undhi. pattika yokka kramarahita aakaaramlo unna dakshina bhaagam marinta deerghachaturasraakaara uttara bhaagaaniki vedalpu kante takkuva irukaina vibhagam dwara anusandhaaninchabadi undhi; uttara bhaagam rendu mailla (3 kimmy) vedalpu varaku untundi mariyu vaati madhya pravaaha chaaneltho rendu podavaina loblatho koodi untundi. table yokka paie uparitalam uttara disagaa vistarinchi unnanduna nemmadigaa diguvaku valuga untundi, uttara anchu sumaru 2,800 'ettulo untundi. idhi daadaapu anni vaipula nundi 300 'varaku vaegamgaa padipotundi. french creak eshaanya disalo pravahistundi, mariyu adapadadapa unna deevadaaru creak table yokka thoorpu vaipu mottam pravahistundi.
tellani nadhi chettha bhoomulalo unna aneka pattikallo erra chokka pattika okati. itarulalo quiney table, gorrela parvata table mariyu heck table unnaayi.
erra chokka gala oglaalaa lakota samajam paine ridge indian reservationlo cheyenne nadhi loyalo table uttara chivara diguvana undhi.
erra chokka aranya praantam.
pradhanamgaa united states looni nairuti dakshina dakotalo unna gedela gyap jaateeya gaddi maidaanam desamlo rendava atipedda jaateeya gaddi maidaanam mariyu daadaapu 600,000 ekaraalalo vistarinchi undhi. eee praantam mishrama praeri mariyu chockley byaad lands mariyu yuu. ess. chae nirvahinchabadutundi.ess. atavee seva. eee gaddi maidaanamlo, cheyenne nadhi pareevaahaka praantamloo desamlo migili unna sambhaavya praeri aranyaaniki konni uttama udaaharanalu unnaayi, veetilo goppa maidaanaalalo migili unna atipedda rahadaarileni praantam kooda undhi. dakshina dakotaku vaarasatvamgaa eee praantaalanu rakshinchadaaniki panichestunna dakshina dakota adavi gaddi neelala kootami dwara erra chokka, bharatiya creak mariyu chaak kondalu anae moodu praantaalanu aranya hodha kosam pratipaadinchaaru. erra chokka sumaru 16,000 ekaraalanu kaligi undhi mariyu gaddi peethabhoomulu mariyu sikharaala rekhala varaku edige rangurangula chaarala buttalu, dibbalu mariyu sankuvulu kaligi untundi, schmatcher loya mariyu daani rangula-patti bankamatti yokka bahiranga poralu nitaruga unna vaalulapai daani kendra bhaagamgaa untaayi. idhi paine parvatasreni sthaanika reservationku vaayuvya disalo undhi mariyu sthaanika yuddhalu mugise varaku lakota aasrayam, aaharam, aushadha mokkalu mariyu khananam sthalaala kosam upayoginchabadindi. erra chokka nalla kondala jaateeya adaviki sarihaddulugaa undhi, ikkada prakruti drushyaalalo vairudhyam gurtinchabadindi. adavilo unna block elk aranyamlo, ettaina block elk sikharam undhi.ess. raathi parvataalaku thoorpuna sikharam. parvataaroohakulu erra chokka nundi dheeni drushyaalanu chudavachu.
erra chokka, dakshina dakota.
erra chokka, dakshina dakota, pradhana erra chokka paeru meeda pettabadindi.