baalala hakkula udyamam

pillala hakkula udyamam anedi prapanchavyaaptamgaa pillala hakkulanu gurtinchadaaniki, vistarinchadaaniki mariyu/ledhaa tirogamananiki kattubadi unna chaaritraka mariyu aadhunika udyamam. eee chattam pillala manasika mariyu saareeraka aarogyam perugudalaku aneka rajyanga chattalanu roopondinchindi. (yuvata hakkulatho ayomayam chendakudadu). idhi gatha sataabdam praarambhamlo praarambhamaindi mariyu pillala jeevitaalanu merugupariche mariyu rakshinche chattalu mariyu vidhaanaala vyavasthanu nirminchadaaniki prabhutva samsthalu, nyaayavaada samuuhaalu, vidyaavaettalu, nyaayavaadulu, chattasabha sabhyulu mariyu nyaayamuurtula prayatnam. pillala chaaritraka nirvachanam maarutuu unnappatikee, pillala hakkulapai aikyaraajyasamiti samavesam "paddenimidella kante takkuva vayassu unna yea manishi pillavadu, pillalaki vartinche chattam prakaram, majorityni mundugaane saadhisthe tappa."antarjaateeya chattamlo" "kaumaradasa", "" "kaumaradasa" "ledhaa" "yuvata" "vanti yuvakulanu vivarinchadaaniki upayoginche itara padaalaku nirvachanalu laevu".
pillalaku pratyeka hakkulu unnayane bhavana saapekshamgaa kottadi. pillala patla saampradaaya vaikharulu vaarini kevalam inti podigimpulu mariyu vaari tallidandrulu mariyu/ledhaa chattaparamaina samrakshakula 'yajamanyamlo' pariganinchevi, vaaru sampoorna tallidandrula niyantrananu kaligi unnaaru.
ghnaanoodayam samayamlo sampradaayaalu ekkuvagaa savaalu cheyabadinappudu mariyu vyaktigata swayampratipatti mariyu sahaja hakkula viluva nokki cheppabadinappudu abhiprayalu maaradam praarambhinchaayi.
landanlooni foundling aasupatri aasupatri "bahirgatamaina mariyu nirjanamaina chinna pillala vidya mariyu nirvahana" kosam pillala gruhamgaa sthaapinchabadindi. thamus spens anae aangla raajakeeya radikal radikal prachurinchabadina "sisuvula hakkulalo" pillala sahaja hakkula yokka modati aadhunika rakshananu rachinchaadu.
saamaajika samskaranalu.
paarisraamika viplavam prarambhamainappudu, aaru samvatsaraala vayassu unna pillalu karmagaralu mariyu boggu ganulalo tarachugaa amaanaveeya paristhitulalo ekkuva gantalu mariyu takkuva vethanamtho panicheyadam praarambhinchaaru. 19va sataabdam praarambhamlo eee dopidi perugutunna vyatiraekatanu aakarshinchadam praarambhinchindi. paedha pattana pillala bhayankaramaina paristhitulu udaara madhyataragati abhipraayaaniki gurayyayi, mukhyamgaa rachayita charless dickens thana navala "olivar twist" loe. lard shaftesbury vanti saamaajika samskartalu eee abhyaasaaniki vyatiraekamgaa teevramaina pracharam praarambhinchaaru.
19va sataabdamloo aamodinchina varusa factory chattaalatho meruguparache chattam saadhinchabadindi, ikkada pillalaku pani gantalu parimitam cheyabaddaayi mariyu raatri samayamlo pani cheyadaaniki anumatinchabadaledu. tommidi samvatsaraala kante takkuva vayassu unna pillalanu pani cheyadaaniki anumatinchaledu mariyu 9-16 madhya unnavaarini rojuku 16 gantalaku parimitam chesaaru. modati naalugu samvatsaraalu apprenticelaku chadavadam, rayadam mariyu ankaganitamlo vidyanu andinchadaaniki kooda factorylu avasaram.
maerii vadrangi oka prabhaavavantamaina saamaajika samskarta, athanu baalya neeraala vaipu maarina nirlakshyam cheyabadina pillala tarapuna pracharam chesaadu. chesaadu aame moodu rakaala paatasaalalanu erpaatu cheyaalani pratipaadinchindi; saadhaarana prajalaku uchita paatasaalala erpaatu, avasaramaina vaariki paarisraamika paatasaalalu mariyu yuva nerasthula kosam samskaranaatmaka paatasaalalu. vidya billula musaayidaadaarulu aamenu sampradinchaaru, house off commons kamiteela mundu sakshyam ivvadaaniki aamenu aahvaninchaaru. chellinchaayi aame bristol loe oka samskarana paatasaalanu sthaapinchindi.
united stateslo, pillala hakkula udyamam anatha railutho praarambhamaindi. pedda nagarallo, pillala tallidandrulu maraninchinappudu ledhaa chaalaa paedalugaa unnappudu, pillavadu tananu mariyu/ledhaa thana kutumbaanni pooshinchukoevadaaniki tarachugaa paniki vellavalasi vachedi. abbayilu saadhaaranamgaa factory ledhaa boggu kaarmikulu avutaaru, mariyu ammayilu vaesyalu ledhaa seloon ammayilu avutaaru, ledhaa chemata dukaanamloo pani cheyadaaniki velataaru. eee udyogaalannii aakali vaetanaalu matrame chellinchaayi.
chellinchaayi, masachusets pillalu paatasaalaku vellaalani korindi. korindi, charless brace "childrance aid society" nuu sthaapinchaaru, idhi veedhi pillalanu lopaliki teesukelladaaniki teevramgaa krushi chesindi. marusati samvatsaram, pillalanu paschimaaniki velle railulo unchaaru, akkada vaarini dattata teesukunnaru, tarachugaa pani icchaaru. 1929 natiki, anatha railu puurtigaa aagipoyindi, conny daani suutraalu alaage undipoyaayi.
baala kaarmikulandarinii nirmuulinchadaaniki ankitamaina "jaateeya baala kaarmika kamitee" anae samstha samstha erpadindi. idhi oka chattanni aamodinchagaligindi, idhi thana panini oppandam kudurchukune pillala hakkunu ullanghinchinanduku rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata supreenkortu kottivesindi. mariyu, congress jaateeya baala kaarmika chattaniki adhikaram ichhe rajyanga savarananu aamodinchadaaniki prayatninchindi. eee charyanu nirodhinchaaru, chivariki billu tolaginchabadindi. desavyaaptamgaa baala kaarmikulanu antam cheyadaaniki mahaa maandyam pattindi; peddalu udyogaalu kosam enthagaa niraasaku gurayyaru antey vaaru pillala maadirigaane adhe vetanam kosam pani chestaaru. chestaaru, adhyakshudu franklin dii. roosvelt nyaayamaina kaarmika pramaanaala chattampai santakam chesaaru, idhi itara vishayaalatoepaatu, aneka rakaala baala kaarmikulapai parimitulanu vidhinchindi.
polish vidyavetta janasj corzac thana pustakam "hou tuu love eah chiled" (warsa, 1919) loe pillala hakkula gurinchi raasaaru; taruvaata pustakam "dhi chiled rait tuu reans" (warsa, 1929) paerutoe undhi. undhi, russian viplavam taruvaata, proletcult samstha yokka masco saakha pillala hakkula prakatnanu roopondinchindi.
pillala hakkulu.
pillala hakkulanu nirnayinche modati adhikaarika saasanapatram saasanapatram british saamaajika samskarta aglantine jeb roopondinchaaru. modati prapancha yuddhamlo germanypai mitraraajyaala digbandham samayamlo germany mariyu austria-hangareelo pillala akalini tagginchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki, sahaayapadataaniki save dhi childron anae modati swachchanda samsthanu jeb sthaapinchaaru, idhi yuddha viramana taruvaata kooda konasaagindi.
akkada mariyu taruvaata russialo aame anubhavalu, pillala hakkulu pratyaekamgaa rakshinchabadaalani mariyu amalu cheyabadaalani aame nammadaniki daariteesaayi, mariyu aame sharatulu eee krindi pramaanaalanu kaligi unnaih
eee manifestone international save dhi childron union aamodinchindi mariyu mariyu leag off nations general assembly prapancha baalala sankshema charterga aamodinchindi. aamodinchindi, modati antarjaateeya baalala sankshema congress geneevaalo jarigindi, ikkada eee prakatanapai samsthalu mariyu prabhutvaalu vistrutamgaa charchinchi, maddatu icchaayi.
pillala hakkula prakatana.
prapancha baalala sankshema saasanaanni sweekarinchamani sweekarinchamani kottagaa erpadina aikyaraajyasamitipai kooda sains vibhagam ottidi tecchindi. tecchindi aikyaraajyasamiti sarvasabhya samavesam pillala hakkula prakatanaga vistarinchina samskarananu sweekarinchinappudu idhi saadhinchabadindi. daani pradhana nibandhanalu
aikyaraajyasamiti erpadinappati nundi neti varaku, pillala hakkula udyamam prapanchavyaaptamgaa drushti kendrikarinchindi. prapanchavyaaptamgaa pillalu ippatikee balavantamgaa baala kaarmikulanu cheyinchadam, jananendri vichhedanam, sainika seva mariyu laingika akrama ravaanaatoe baadhapadutunnaaru. aneka antarjaateeya samsthalu pillala sahaayaaniki ryali chesaayi. veetilo pillalanu rakshinchadam, pillalanu uchitam cheyadam mariyu pillala rakshana nidhi unnaayi.
unnaayi erpadina chiled raits information network ledhaa crin anedi prapanchavyaaptamgaa unna 1,600 prabhutvetara samsthala samuuham, idhi pillala hakkulapai samavesanni amalu cheyaalani vaadistundi. eee oppandaanni aamodinchina prabhutvaala maadirigaane, samsthalu kooda tama deshaala amalu purogatini nivedistaayi. pillala hakkulapai aikyaraajyasamiti kamiteeki prati 5 samvatsaraalaku okasari nivedinchadam prabhutvaalaku avasaram.
desham vaareegaa pillala hakkulu.
aneka deshaalu pillala hakkula commissioner ledhaa ambudsman yokka samsthanu srushtinchaayi, modatidi modatidi norway. itarulalo bharatadesam, finland, sweeden mariyu ukrain unnaayi, idhi argentine aaa postlo pillalanu niyaminchina prapanchavyaaptamgaa modati desham.
argentine.
argentine, pillala hakkulapai aikyaraajyasamiti sadassunu amalu cheyadaaniki, pillalu mariyu koumaaradasalo unnavaari samagra rakshana kosam jaateeya chattam roopondinchabadindi. idhi pillalaku rakshana charyalanu anumatinchadame kakunda, baalya nyaya vyavasthaku punaadini kooda srushtinchindi. eee vyavastha pillalanu samaajamlo tirigi vileenam cheyadaaniki mariyu durviniyogam mariyu dopidi nundi pillalanu rakshinchadaaniki vyuuhaalanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki anumatistundi.
australia.
pillala hakkulapai prabhavam choope anni mukhyamaina oppandaalalo australia paalgontundi. pillala hakkulu mariyu rakshana samakhya mariyu rashtra mariyu bhuubhaaga chattam dwara nirvahinchabadataayi.
brazil.
brazil aikyaraajyasamiti vyavasthaapaka sabhyadaesamgaa mariyu mariyu general assembly teermaanam aamodinchina maanava hakkula saarvatrika prakatanapai santakam chesina desamgaa undhi. pillala hakkula saarvatrika prakatanalo maatrutvam mariyu balyam pratyeka samrakshanaku arhulani mariyu vivaham nundi janminchina pillalaku oke saamaajika rakshananu anumatinchabadutundani nokki chebutundi. chebutundi, brazil pillala hakkulapai un conventionnu aamodinchindi mariyu daanini brazil yokka saanukuula chattamlo puurtigaa cherchindi.
chaina.
1989 baalala hakkulapai samavesam, pillala ammakaalapai pillala hakkulapai samavesaniki aichhika protocol, baala vyabhicharam mariyu baala asleelata 2000, baala kaarmika samavesam 1999 yokka chettha roopaalu, mariyu pillala rakshana mariyu 1993 loe antardesheeya dattata vishayamlo sahakaarampai hage convention vanti aneka antarjaateeya patraalanu chaina aamodinchindi.
france.
pillala hakkulatho vyavaharinchae anni pradhana oppandaalato france sahakaram kaligi undhi. pillala hakkulapai 1989 convention amalunu paryaveekshinchadaaniki, mukhyamgaa pillala kosam ambudsman nuu paryaveekshinchadaaniki idhi aneka yantraamgaalanu kaligi undhi.
germany.
pillala hakkulanu parirakshinche prapancha oppandaalato germany ekibhavinchindi. ayithe, germany veetini european oppandaala suutraala prakaram, mukhyamgaa european maanava hakkula samavesam prakaram mariyu german rajyanga haameelaku anugunamgaa ardham chesukovadaniki ishtapadutundi.
grease.
grease loe pillala hakkulanu prothsahinchadaaniki mariyu munduku teesukelladaaniki vividha chattalu mariyu aneka charyalu mariyu sevalu unnaayi. unnaayi, greeku paarlamentu maanava akrama ravaanaapai kotta chattanni aamodinchindi; aamodinchindi; baala vyavasthanu samskarinchaaru; samskarinchaaru; kutumbaala lopala himsanu edurkovadaniki oka adanapu chattam roopondinchabadindi, idhi pillalaku saareeraka sikshanu nishedhistundani perkondi.
united states.
uslo pillala hakkulaku sudeergha charitra undhi.ess.[20] yuu. ess loe chaalaa mandhi pillala hakkula nyaayavaadulu.ess. nedu vaari antarjaateeya sahacharula kante chinna agenda kosam vaadistunnaaru. U prakaram.ess, prastuta samavesam yokka prayojanaala kosam, pillala antey paddenimidella kante takkuva vayassu unna prati manavudu, pillalaki vartinche chattam prakaram, majorityni mundugaane saadhisthe tappa. samuuhaalu pradhanamgaa pillala durviniyogam mariyu nirlakshyam, pillala maranaalu, pempudu samrakshana, pempudu samrakshana nundi yuvata vruddhaapyam, pempudu samrakshana sthaanaanni nivaarinchadam mariyu dattatapai drushti pedataayi.[21] united stateslo yuvata hakkulanu prothsahinche deerghakaala udyamam gatamlo gananeeyamaina laabhaalanu aarjinchindi. pillala hakkula oppandaanni soochinchandi.
united kingdom.
pillalaku hakkulu unnayani, veetini samarthinchaalsina baadhyata peddalu, rashtraalu mariyu prabhutvaaniki undani baalala hakkula udyamam nokki chebutondi. 2003 naati acr teerpu ilaa perkonnappatiki, yuu. keey. yuu. yuu. sii. aarr. sii. chattabaddhamgaa amalu cheyalenidi, anduvalla idhi 'aakaankshaatmakamainadi' anae vaikharini konasagistondi "pillala maanava hakkulu mariyu pillalandarikee eee hakkulanu sakaram cheyadamlo anni prabhutvaalu korukune pramaanaalu pillala hakkulapai sadassulo perkonabaddaayi."(sahin vii germany, grand chhambar teerpu off dhi etcher, juulai 8,2003 nundi sangraham). dhruvikarana jarigina 18 samvatsaraala taruvaata, pampinhee cheyabadina paripaalanaloni naluguru pillala commissionerlu eee oppandaanni desheeya chattamgaa sweekarinchaalani pilupunistuu, pillala hakkulanu chattabaddhamgaa amalu cheyagalagaalani pilupunicchaaru..
pillala hakkulapai samavesam.
pillala hakkulapai aikyaraajyasamiti sadassulo 54 vyasalu unnaayi, prati okkati ververu hakkulanu vivaristaayi. avi naalugu ververu hakkula samuuhaalanu kaligi untaayi; manugada, rakshana, abhivruddhi mariyu bhagaswamyam.
eee samavesam pillala hakkula udyamaaniki oka praamaanika aavarananu erpaatu chestundi. dheenini rendu deshaalu minaha anni deshaalu aamodinchaayi; united states mariyu dakshina sudan. bush aadhvaryamlo yuu. ess. paripalana eee samavesanni aamodinchadaanni vyatirekinchindi, "tallidandrulu, saarvabhoumaadhikaaram mariyu rashtra mariyu sthaanika chattam yokka kendra paatrapai maa vidhaanaalaku viruddhamgaa teevramaina raajakeeya mariyu chattaparamaina aandolanalu unnaayi" anie perkondi."
eee samavesaniki anubandhamgaa saayudha poraatamlo (pillala sainika viniyogaaniki vyatiraekamgaa) pillala prameyam, pillala ammakam, baala vyabhicharam, baala asleelata (pillala ammakam, baala vyabhicharam, baala asleelata) paie aichhika protocol untundi.
tallidandrula hakkulu.
2020 aktobaru 7naa, aikyaraajyasamiti musaida teermaanam a/hrc/45/l. 48/Rev. 1-"pillala hakkulu aarogyakaramaina vaataavaranam dwara pillala hakkulanu grahinchadam" paie germany (european union tarapuna), uruguye (grulac tarapuna) samarpinchina ootu aamodinchabadindi. tallidandrula hakkulanu chaerchadaaniki russian federation savaranalu ell 57 mariyu ell 64 tiraskarinchabaddaayi.
russian federation, ms. tallidandrula hakkulapai convention bhashanu pravesapettadaaniki baadhyata vahinchina christina sukacheva (ell 57-ell 64 nuu pravesapettaaru), tallidandrulaku vyatiraekamgaa ootu vese prabhutvaalu "pillala hakkulanu andinchadaaniki uddeshapoorvakamgaa vaari antarjaateeya baadhyatalanu vadulukuntaayani" russia asubhamgaa perkondi.
dattata samayamlo, russian federation jodinchina tallidandrula hakkula bhashanu cherchadam "teermaanamlo asamatulyatanu testundani mariyu teermaanam yokka sphuurtiki kooda viruddhamgaa untundani" uruguye paerkonnaadu. tallidandrulu pillala hakkulanu "samatulyata" nundi tolaginchaarani cheppadam anedi tallidandrulanu mariyu vaari hakkulanu padepade soochinche antarjaateeya samajam yokka atyanta aamodinchabadina oppandam ayina pillala hakkulapai samavesanni (crc) neerugaa ullanghistundi. mukhyamgaa, russian adanamgaa samavesam nundi padam kosam padam muulam.
pillalu adhikaaramlo unnaaru.
prastutam, jaateeyamgaa ledhaa nagaralu, gramalu ledhaa paatasaalallo kaneesam muppai deshaalu oka rakamaina vayojana-kaani paarlamentu nirmaanaanni kaligi unnaayi. aneka pillala paarlamentulu, mukhyamgaa sampanna deshaalalo, vayojana raajakeeya vyavasthalalo adhikaranni viniyoginchadam kante, rajakeeyaalalo pillala vidya vaipu ekkuvagaa drushti saarinchaayi.
marovaipu, konni pillala paarlamentulu kontavaraku raajakeeya adhikaranni viniyogistaayi. bharatadesamloni raajasthaanloni graameena paatasaalallo paatasaalallo erpaatu chesina modati pillala paarlamentlalo okati, aaru nundi padnaalugu samvatsaraala vayassu gala pillalu tama samaajaala kosam nijamaina vibhedaalu cheyagaligina pillala pratinidhulanu ennukuntaaru. brazilloni baraa mansa nagaram vanti konni pillala paarlamentulaku pillala samasyalapai vistrutamaina adhikaralu unnaayi mariyu prabhutva badjetloni bhaagaalanu niyantristaayi.
ekkuvagaa pillalache palinchabade private samsthalu kooda unnaayi, udaaharanaku prajaasvaamya paatasaalalu (sudbury paatasaalalato sahaa).
suuchanalu.
webb// web.archive.org/web/20141229162628/HTTP:// Ww.globalfoot prints.org/issues/lokal/childron/chiled raits.hetch. tii. emm.
pellillu. newyork times. idhi HTTPS:// WW nundi pondabadindi.nitimes.com/2012/11/27 varald/asea/calls-tuu-end-chiled-marages-inn-malaysia-12 yella tarvaata-pellillu.hetch. tii. emm. ell?_r = 0
HTTPS:// Ww.lokal.prabhutvam/chattam/sahayam/pillala hakkulu/suuchika.php
hakkulu sakaram kawala? bodhanaa charya kosam suuchana framega pillala hakkulapai aikyaraajyasamiti samavesam. journal off philosophy off education, 41 (3), 431-443. doih 10.1111/j.1467-9752.2007.00568.x
thedaa. international journal off childrance raits, 19 (4), 595-612. doih 10.1163/157181811x547263

