
luis reel yokka vichaarana

1885loe kenadaaloni reginalo luis real vichaarana jarigindi. ippudu suscotchevan provinsga unna kenada prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa mettis mariyu paschima kenada yokka modati deshaala prajala pratighatana udyamaaniki luis real nayakudu. vaayuvya tirugubaatu anie piluvabade eee pratighatananu kenadian sainyam anachivesindi, idhi real longipovadaaniki mariyu rajadroham kosam vichaaranaku daariteesindi. 1885 joolailo jarigina vichaarana, aidu rojula paatu konasaagindi, phalitamgaa doshapurita teerpu vachindi. neeraanni ledhaa picchitanaanni angeekarinchadaaniki kooda ataniki empika ivvabadindi. taruvaata rielnu uri teeyadam dwara uriteesaaru, idhi aanglabhaasha kaanadiyanlu mariyu french kenadiyanla madhya riel maddatudaarula madhya sambandhaalapai shaashwata pratikuula prabhavanni choopindi.
vaayuvya tirugubaatu.
vaayuvya tirugubaatu 1885 sheethaakaalam mariyu vasantakaalamlo jarigindi. ippudu manitobalo unna erra nadhi nundi vacchina luis reel, 1870loe erra nadhi tirugubaatuku pradhana naayakulalo okarigaa unnaaru. erra nadhi tirugubaatu yokka vibhajana sanghatanalalo okati thamus scott yokka amalu, athanu taatkaalika prabhutvaanni vyatirekinchaadu, idhi reel srushtinchadamlo keelaka paatra pooshinchindi.
erra nadhi tirugubaatu phalitamgaa manitoba erpadindi, conny kenadian sthiranivaasulu kotta praavinsloki maaradamtho manitoba yokka mettis tamanu taamu attaduguna kanugonnaru. chaalaa varaku metislu vaayuvya bhuubhaagaalaku taralivellaayi, dakshina suscotchevan nadhi venta sthirapaddaayi. reel vishayaanikosthe, athanu 1875 nundi montanalo pravaasamlo nivasistunnadu. 1884 vasantakaalamlo, gabriel dumont netrutvamloni naalugu metisla pratinidhi brundam, montanaloni reelnu sandarsinchi, mettis, modati deshaalu mariyu itara sthiranivaasulaku kenadian prabhutvaaniki vaari firyaadulanu vyaktam cheyadaaniki sahayam cheyadaaniki vaayuvya praantaaniki raavaalani atanni korindi. eee firyadulalo bhuu hakkula bhadrata avasaram, bhoobhagalalo prajaasvaamya samsthala korata unnaayi. reel kenadaaku tirigi vacchi vaayuvya bhoobhagalalo, alaage vaayuvyamlooni itara samoohaalalo mettis yokka gurtinchabadina naayakulalo okarigaa maaradu.
praadaesika mariyu samakhya prabhutvaala pratinidhulatho prarambha charchalu mugisina taruvaata, 1885 maarchilo mettis mariyu konni modati deshaalu aayudhalu chepattaayi. kenadian prabhutvam paschimaana dalaalanu pampindi, idhi batoche vadda jarigina yuddhamlo mugisindi, akkada mae madhyalo mettis dalaalu oodinchabaddaayi. batoche vadda otami taruvaata, reel 1885 mae 15naa prabhutva dalaalaku longipoyadu. atanni vaayuvya bhuubhaagaala rajadhani ayina reginaku teesukellaaru, akkada athanu vichaarana kosam vechi unnadu. athanu banthi mariyu golusutho narikiveyabaddaadu.
vichaarana.
adhika rajadroham abhiyogaalu moparu.
1885 juulai 6naa stipendary magistrate mundu unchina pramaana samacharam dwara, adhika rajadroham yokka aaru gananalatho realpy abhiyogaalu mopabaddaayi. 1892loe modati "criminal code" amaluku mundu kenadaalo amalulo unna aangla "rajadroham chattam 1351" kinda abhiyogaalu mopabaddaayi. "rajadroham chattam" neraropanapai tappanisari maranasikshanu kaligi undhi. tirugubaatulo palgonna ekaika vyakti real, atanipai adhika rajadroham abhiyogaalu mopabaddaayi. debbai oka vyakti meeda rajadroham-faeloonii anae takkuva neeraaniki paalpadinatlu abhiyogaalu mopabaddaayi, pannendu mandipai hatya abhiyogaalu mopabaddaayi.
crown prosecutorlu mariyu rakshana nyaayavaadi.
crown prosecutorla brundamlo thoorpu kenadaaku chendina mugguru nipunulaina senior nyaayavaadulu unnaru kenada deputy attarney general georg burbidge; aneka vishayaalapai kenada prabhutvaaniki praatinidhyam vahinchina christopher robinson, kyusi; mariyu appatike prosecutorga tanakantu oka paeru sampaadinchukunna britton baath oslar, kyusi. iddaru yuva nyaayavaadulu kooda unnaaru, vaaru vishishta vruttini konasagincharuh 
paschima asiniboya jillaaku sthaanika crown prosecutor ayina david linchi scott, taruvaata vaayuvya bhuubhaagaala supreme kortuku mariyu chivariki alberta yokka pradhana nyaayamuurtiki niyaminchabaddaadu; mariyu thamus chaze-casgrain, chivariki quebeck yokka attarney general ayyadu. prosecutionlo chaze-casgrain okkate french-kenadian.
rakshana nyaayavaadulanu niyaminchukovadam reel kuu saadhyam kaaledu. athani rakshanaku cubecloni maddatudaarulu nidhulu samakuurchaaru, vaaru cubechnu sthaapinchaaru. rakshanaku kwebekku chendina pramukha nyaayavaadi charless fitzpatrick naayakatvam vahinchaaru, ayana taruvaata kenada pradhana nyaayamuurti ayyaru. athanu rakshanalo quebeck saasanasabha sabhyudu mariyu quebeck yokka unnata nyayasthaanam yokka bhavishyat pradhana nyaayamuurti ayina francois-javier lemiax thoo cheraadu; thamus cook johnstone, naera chattampai pramukha nipunudigaa khyaatini sampaadinchi, chivariki suscotchevan yokka supreme kortuku niyaminchabaddaadu; mariyu quebeck nundi nyaayavaadi ayina james naismit greenshields. fitzpatrick, lemiax mariyu greenshields gourava merchier, quebeck maajee premiere kosam rakshana nyayavadiga vyavaharinchaaru mariyu avineeti aaropanalapai nirdoshulugaa vidudalayyaaru.
adhikara paridhiki rakshana abhyantaraalu.
1885 juulai 20naa reginalo, shanti nyayasthaanam ayina henry lii zeane sahayamtho stipendary magistrate hyuu richardson thoo kuudina kortu mundu vichaarana praarambhamaindi. richardson unnata nyayasthaanam nyaayamuurti kaadu, mariyu eee kesu neraropana dwara kakunda samacharampai vichaarana cheyabadutondi. alaage, jurylo saampradaaya pannendu mandhi nyaayamuurtula kante aruguru purushulu matrame undevaaru.
reel yokka nyaayavaadi ventane kortu adhikara paridhini savaalu chestu, vichaarananu unnata nyayasthaanam nyaayamuurti mundu, neraropanapai mariyu pannendu mandhi nyaayamuurtulatoe nirvahinchaalani vaadinchaaru. kortuku adhikara paridhi undani tiirpunistuu, richardson anni pratipaadanalanu tosipuchaadu. appudu reel anni aaropanalaku neeraanni angeekarinchaledu. saakshulanu pondadaaniki defence kosam alasyam cheyaalani reel nyaayavaadulu vaadinchaaru. idhi manjuru cheyabadindi mariyu nyaayanirnaetala empikatho 1885 juulai 28naa vichaarana praarambhamaindi.
jurie empika.
jurie duty samanlu andukunna 36 mandiloo, okaru matrame french matladagaligaru-mariyu athanu haajaru kalekapoyadu. antekakunda, jurie puullooni ekaika roman catholic (oka irishman) british stock kaadani mariyu minahayinchabaddarani prosecution savaalu chesindi. anduvalla, french kenadian mariyu mettis nyaayamuurtulanu bhuubhaagaala janabha nundi surakshitamgaa unchagaliginappatiki, puurtigaa aanglam matlade protestantlatho kuudina aruguru nyaayanirnaetalachae realnu vichaarinchaaru, andaruu dakshina asiniboya jillaaku chendinavaaru.
nyaayamuurtulu white wood nundi frances casgrave, foremanga ennikayyaaru; edwin zhe. bharatiya thala yokka aruvulu; henry zhe. vistruta veekshanha yokka chitrakaarudu; white wood yokka walter merrifield; vistruta veekshanha yokka peal deane; moose davada yokka edwin erat.
reel yokka manasika sthithi.
reel vichaaranalo pradhana samasyalalo okati athani manasika sthithi. athanu rendusaarlu quebeck loe manasika aasramaalaku kattubadi unnadu. tirugubaatu naayakatvamlo, athanu thana raajakeeya prasamgaalanu tarachugaa mataparamaina itivruttaalato militam chesaadu, indulo mettis pratyaekamgaa ennukoobadina prajalu anie mariyu catholic charchini kenadian pope netrutvamloni charchitho bharti cheyaalani suuchimchaadu. ayana rachanalalo konni megalomania sankethaalanu chuuputaayani cheppabadindi.
athani manasika sthithi prasna kireetam mariyu rakshana rendintikee savaallanu edurkondi. manasika aarogya samasya kaaranamgaa ninditudu thana charyala parinaamaalanu ardham chesukoleda anae amsampai aadhaarapadina emm 'naghton nibandhanala prakaram, picchitanam kaaranamgaa doshi kaadani saadhaarana chattam gurtinchindi. reale yokka manasika sthithi m 'naghten niyamaala pravaesaaniki cherukundane yea suuchananu ayina kireetam khandinchalsi untundi.
rakshana kosam, athani manasika sthithi samasya reel mariyu athani nyaayavaadulanu vibhajinchindi. athani nyaayavaadulu reel emm 'naften niyamaala parimitiki anugunamgaa undani, anduvalla picchi kaaranamgaa doshi kaadani vaadinchaalanukunnaaru. manasika aarogya samasyalatho baadhapadutunnaadani athanu angeekarinchananduna, aaa rakshananu teesukoovadaanni reel vyatirekinchaadu. athani vaikhari emitante, athani charyalu samarthinchabaddaayi, anduvalla athanu doshi kaadu.
manasika aarogya samasya, kireetam, rakshana mariyu swayamgaa rail gurinchi eee viruddhamaina abhiprayalu mottam vichaaranaku rangu vaesaayi.
kireetam kesu.
kireetam yokka kesu emitante, real tirugubaatuku nayakudiga unnadu, tadwara athanu goppa rajadroham chesaadu. kireeta nyaayavaadulu dumont vanti itara vyaktula paatranu takkuvagaa chuupaaru, mariyu mettis nayakudiga reel paatranu nokkicheppina saakshulanu pilicharu. vaayuvya praanta prajalu samakhya prabhutvamtho kaligi unna vividha firyadula gurinchi sakshyalanu choopinchadaaniki rakshana yantraangam chesina prayatnaalanu kooda vaaru vyatiraekimchaaru. rhea picchivaadani evaina suuchanalanu khandinchadaaniki prosecutorlu vaidya saakshulanu kooda pilicharu. kireetam pilichina vaidya saakshula rakshana cross-examination reel yokka manasika asthiratanu niroopinchadaaniki mariyu picchitanam kaaranamgaa neraropananu niroopinchadaaniki prayatninchindi. rakshana eee vishayamlo taginanta purogati saadhinchindi, kireetam prosecutorlu tama vyaktigata encounterla gurinchi saakshyamivvadaaniki vaari saakshulalo kondarini reeltho tirigi pilicharu.
adhe samayamlo, reel mariyu athani defence nyaayavaadula madhya vibhedaalu spashtamgaa kanipinchaayi. thana vivekaanni prakatinchadaaniki athanu cheyagaliginappudalla jokyam chesukunnadu, idhi "baadhyataaraahityam" anie paerkonnaadu. thana rakshana nyaayavaadiki sthaanika paristhitula gurinchi teliyadani, samarthavantamgaa cross exam cheyalemani vaadistuu, kontamandi kireeta saakshulanu swayamgaa cross exam cheyamani kooda athanu koraadu. athani nyaayavaadi vichaaranalanu nirvahinchadaaniki realnu anumatinchadaaniki niraakarinchaaru.
mottam meeda, raaju prosecution kosam tommidi mandhi saakshulanu pilichadu general frederic middleton, tirugubaatunu anachivesina kenadian milicia commander, thamus meke, georg ness, georg kerr, zaan doubleu. austley, thamus ii. jackson, daa. eah. jukes, daa. zaan henry charless villoby, mariyu reel yokka bandhuvu charless nolin.
rakshana kesu.
juulai 30naa defence vaari vanthu vachindi. vaaru aiduguru saakshulanu, daa. beauport aasrayam yokka francois raay; daa. torranto lunatic aasrayam yokka daniel clark; kontakaalam paatu reel karyadarshi, philippe garnot; mariyu poojaarulu alexes andrey mariyu keelaka formand, andaruu reel yokka picchitanaaniki sakshyalu icchaaru, conny saanubhooti ledhaa maddatu nundi chaalaa dhooramgaa unnaaru. reel swayamgaa picchitanam aadhaaramgaa rakshananu vyatirekinchaadu. defence kesu oka roeju konasaagindi.
mugimpu vaadanalu.
rakshana mariyu kireetam nyaayavaadi appudu vaari mugimpu vaadanalu chesaaru. pradhana rakshana nyaayavaadi ayina fitzpatrick prasangam ilaa varninchabadindi...bahusha kenadian nyaayasthaanamlo ippativaraku vinabadina atyanta udvegabharitamaina prasangamu."prasangam yokka modati bhaagam vaayuvyamlo mettis yokka chaaritraka paatranu mariyu samakhya prabhutvamtho vaaru edurkonna samasyalanu vivarinchindi, vaari firyaadulanu parishkarinchadamlo nayakudiga real paatranu highlight chesindi. prasangam yokka rendava bhaagam picchitanam kosam rakshana kesunu vivarinchindi, idhi reel yokka pravartana telivigala vyakti yokka pravartanaku anukuulamgaa ledani oka balavantapu kesunu chesindi. aaa prasangam juripy gananeeyamaina prabhavanni choopindani bhaavinchaaru.
nyaayanirnaetanu uddesinchi prasanginchaalanukuntunnaar anie vichaarana nyaayamuurti realnu adigaru. athanu chesadani reel suuchimchaadu. nyaayanirnaetanu uddesinchi matlade hakku realku undani, conny aaa rakshana nyaayavaadiki undani rakshana nyaayavaadi angeekarinchaarani lemiax appudu nyaayamuurtiki cheppadu...athanu chese yea prakatanakaina baadhyata vahinchakudadu."
reel thana sonta charyalanu samarthistuu, mettis prajala hakkulanu dhruveekaristuu, rendu sudeergha prasamgaalalo modatidi icchaadu. picchitanam kaaranamgaa taanu doshi kaadani vaadinchadaaniki thana nyaayavaadi chesina prayatnaanni ayana tiraskarinchaaru,
reel thana mataparamaina itivruttaala vadakanni samarthinchaadu, conny thana raajakeeya charyalannee aacharanaatmaka phalitaalanu lakshyamgaa pettukunnayani pattubattaru. paschima deshaala prajala patla, prayojanaala patla kenada prabhutvam puurtigaa shraddha chuupakapoevadam patla ayana khandinchaaru. "antario provins goppadi ayinappatikee, idhi vaayuvya praantam vale goppadi kaadu" anie ayana annaru."
edemaina, okaroju mottam deshaaniki manchi saktigaa gurtinchabadaalani taanu aasistunnaanani reel prakatinchaaru. ayana ilaa annaru
oka charitrakaarudu reel prasangam yokka prabhavam gurinchi ilaa vyaakhyaaninchaaduh "reel thana nyaayavaadula picchi-rakshana vyuuhaanni kramapaddhatilo naasanam chesina anargalamaina prasamgamtho thana vichaarananu muginchaadu. eee prasangam reel yokka vivekaanni niroopinchindi-idantaa kooda athanu uri vestaadani haamii ichindi."
appudu robinson kireetam kosam mugimpu chirunama icchaaru. idhi kluptamgaa mariyu takkuva-keega undedi. athani pradhana vishayam emitante, rakshana mariyu rail rendu viruddhamaina khaataalanu andistunnaayih "naa vidvaamsulaina snehitulu vaari rakshana madhya vaari empikanu cheyali. vaaru tama client kosam keerti aalayamlo oka samuchita sthaanam anie pilavabade daanini claim cheyaleru mariyu adhe samayamlo athanu oka verri aasrayam loe oka sthaanaaniki arhadani nokki cheppaleru."1884 mariyu 1885 madhyakaalamlo vaayuvya praantamlooni vividha samajalalo reel paddenimidella paatu pramukha paatra pooshinchaadanee vaadananu kooda ayana munduku teesukellaaru. praja vyavaharalalo ituvanti paatranu pooshistunnappudu picchitho badhapaduthunna evarainaa daanini intha kaalam daachadam elaa saadhyamavutundani robinson adigaru.
nyaayamuurti appudu jurie kosam kesunu sangrahinchi, vaastavaalu mariyu vartimpajeyavalasina chattanni vivarinchaadu. athanu m 'naghten niyamaala vivarananu cherchaadu, mariyu picchitanam kosam pareekshanu neraverchara anie pariseelinchadaaniki jyooreeni ahvaninchadu.
teerpu.
augustu 1naa, oka ganta iravai nimishala charchala taruvaata, nyaayanirnaeta atanni rajadroham neerasthudigaa nirdhaarinchaaru, conny daya chuupamani sifaarasu chesaaru. aaa adhikari kanneellu pettukunnaru. edemaina, nyaayamuurti richardson ataniki maranasiksha vidhinchaaru, idhi "rajadroham chattam" kinda andubaatulo unna ekaika siksha.
appudu reel jurici rendava prasangam chesaaru. idhi munupati roeju chirunama kante ekkuva podavugaa, daani vidhaanamlo marinta loukikamgaa undedi. athanu picchivaadani kanugonabadaledani thana santruptini vyaktam chesaadu mariyu mettis yokka aandolanalanu nokki cheppadu. taanu baadhyataayutamaina mantri ayithe, bahu-saamskrutika samajanni srushtinchetappudu, vaayuvya abhivruddhi kosam thana pratipaadanalanu ayana vivarinchaaru. aaa prasangam ataniki metisto nayakatva sthaanaanni icchina alankaarika naipunhyaalanu kooda pradarsinchindi.
appeellu.
chattaparamaina appeellu.
defence doshula teerpunu appeal chesindi. modati appeal manitoba (aaa samayamlo vaayuvya bhuubhaagaala kosam appellate kortu) kosam raani bench kortuku veyabadindi, idhi appeelnu tiraskarinchindi. aaa taruvaata rakshana vibhagam britanloni prevy council yokka nyaya kamiteeki (aaa samayamlo british saamrajyam kosam appeal chese atyunnata nyayasthaanam) appeal cheyadaaniki anumati kosam darakhaastu chesindi. nyaya kamitee appeal cheyadaaniki anumati niraakarinchindi.
raajakeeya vignaptulu.
kshamaapana kosam samakhya prabhutvaaniki aneka raajakeeya vignaptulu kooda vachayi. pradhana mantri mcdonald saanubhootigala quebecois nundi lekhalu mariyu petitionlatho nindipooyaaru, vaaru french catholic minorityni aangla protestantlache anachiveyabadatam chuusaaru. raajakeeya ottidi kaaranamgaa sikshanu tagginchadaaniki jokyam chesukovadaniki mcdonald niraakarinchaadu mariyu reel uri teestaanani paerkonnaadu...ayithe quebeck loe unna prati kukka ataniki anukuulamgaa morigutundi."
amalu.
aadhunika arcmp vaarasatva kendraaniki sameepamlo unna arcmp sikshanaa academylo 1885 november 16naa eee urisiksha amalu cheyabadindi. 
"memu rajadroham kosam prayatninchaamu", anie yaabhai samvatsaraala taruvaata oka nyaayanirnaeta cheppadu, "scott hatyaku atanni uriteesaaru."
vimarsha.
vichaarana phalitam prabhutva nirlakshya pravartana mariyu nyaayavaadulu mariyu ninditula madhya spashtamaina vibhedaala kaaranamgaa undani kondaru chebutunnaru. vichaarana antataa reel yokka nyaayavaadulu athani salahanu vismarinchaaru mariyu athani abhyardhanalanu tiraskarinchaaru (saakshulanu swayamgaa cross exam cheyalane abhyardhanatho sahaa), mariyu vaaru vichaarana madhyalo atanni vidichipettutaamani bedirinchaaru. saakshulanu sarigga cross-examine chesi unte, athani manushulu modata daadi cheyabaddaarani nirdhaarinchabadindani reel pattubattaruh "vaaru kanipinchi, vaari dantaalanu mringadaaniki choopinchinappudu neenu siddhamgaa unnanu adhe naa adhika rajadroham yokka neram anie pilustaaru, mariyu dheeni kosam vaaru nannu eee roeju pattukunnaru."
1975loe raasina oka kaagitamlo, "entha baruvu jodinchabadutundo kanugone prayatnamlo", rajadroham aaropanala gurinchi vimarsalaku vyatiraekamgaa kireetam vesina rajadroham aaropanala gurinchi, d.hetch. godhuma rangu moodu prasnalu veyadam dwara praarambhamavutundih "i. rajadroham abhiyogam reel neeraaniki sarigga vartistundaa? II. united states pourudipai ituvanti abhiyogam veyadam chattabaddhamainada? 3. idhi 1352 [a.dii.] real vichaarana samayamlo vaayuvya bhoobhagalalo rajadroham chattam?"athanu eee prasnalaku samaadhaanamistuu," chattaparamgaa, realku vyatiraekamgaa vidhinchadam saraina abhiyogam ", anie muginchaadu.ess. athanu thana maranam varaku british pourudigaa unnadu", mariyu "athanu sthaanika vidheyata siddhaantam prakaram chattabaddhamgaa grahantaravasiga abhiyogaalu mopabaddadu" kabatti pourasatvam pattimpu ledhu.
vichaarana vishayamlo sudeergha samasyalu unnayani georg goulet nokkichepparuh "-534 samvatsaraala naati aangla saasanam, dheeni kinda reel doshigaa nirdhaarinchabadi uriteeyabaddaadu. - thana sonta salahaadaaru chetilo reel durviniyogam mariyu adhe salahaadaaru pradarsinchina teevramaina lopaalu [sic].- nyaya mantri alegzander camp bell nundi pradhana mantri zaan eah kuu lekha. anuchita swabhaavam gala rail vichaaranalo nyaayaparamaina mariyu raajakeeya jokyanni velladistunna mcdonald.- daya kosam jurie ekagreevamgaa chesina sifaarsunu pradhana mantri zaan eah. nirvahinche vidhanam. mcdonald mariyu tiraskarinchabadindi.- athani maranasikshaku mundu realnu pariseelinchadaaniki vaidya kamishannu niyaminchadam mariyu commission nivedikalalo mosapurita, mosapurita mariyu mosapurita prayatnaalanu mcdonald nirviraamgaa chesadu."
vichaarana yokka anyaayaaniki maddatugaa, salhani vaadinchaaru "dock nundi athani prasangam athani picchitanaanni niraakarinchadam anedi bahusha athani picchitanaaniki balamaina sakshyam."
vaarasatvam.
"dhi trial off luis reel" anedi 1967loe kenadian sentenial prajectga zaan coulter raasina natakam. regina chhambar off commers chetha niyaminchabadina mariyu trial transcripts aadhaaramgaa, idhi vesavilo reginalo nundi etaa aadabadutondi, iteevala 2021 loe, 55 va vaarshika utpatti mariyu tadwara uttara america yokka sudeerghakaalam nadustunna chaaritraka naatakeeya utpatti.
2008 vasantakaalamlo, paryatakam, udyaanavanaalu, samskruti mariyu creeda mantri christin baathu sarassulo ilaa prakatinchaaru, "2010loe, 1885 vaayuvya tirugubaatu 125va ghnaapakaartham, praeri mettis mariyu prabhutva dalaalatoe modati deshaala prajala poraatam mariyu adhi nedu kenadaanu elaa roopondinchindo cheppadaniki idhi oka adbhutamaina avakaasam."
bahusha atyanta mukhyamainadi, athani vichaarana jarigina 135 samvatsaraala taruvaata, reel atyanta prajaadarana pondina mariyu kenadian chaaritraka vyaktulalo okarigaa gurtinchabaddadu, athani satruvu, pradhana mantri zaan eah. mcdonald; alaage, rail yokka vichaarana "pootii saamskrutika kathalu mariyu chihnalatho netikee konasagutondi."

