
shaan marcos salamonder

shaan marcos salamonder (eurysia naana) anedi united statesku chendina oka chinna jaathi jala, oopiritittulu laeni salamonder, idhi vasanta sarassu mariyu texasloni hays kounteelooni aquarena springla sameepamlo unna shaan marcos nadhi yokka muula neeti yokka oka chinna praantaaniki sthaanikam. idhi okati nundi rendu angulaala podavu, sannani sareeram mariyu bahya moppalatho, mariyu erupu-godhuma rangulo untundi.
vivarana.
"ii. naana "anedi oka jala salamonder. idhi neetini bhoogola roopamloki maarchadaaniki vadiliveyadu, conny neetilo paripakvam chendutundi. neotenic roopamgaa, "ii. naana "thana motimalanu thana jeevitaantam nilupukundi. shaan marcos salamonder oka gundrani mukku, pedda kallu mariyu muduru kanureppatho irukaina thala kaligi untundi. bahya moppalu abhivruddhi chendutaayi mariyu varnadravyam kaligi untaayi. 2-6 palatopterigoid mariyu 7-13 premoxillary dantaalu unnaayi. eee jaathi oke vidhamgaa laetha godhuma rangulo untundi, daani madhyarekha venta edu nundi tommidi kramarahita kaanti macchalu untaayi. trunk thala nundi thoka varaku vistarinchi unna dorsal bochu thoo paina chadunu cheyabadindi. salamonder diguva bhaagamlo unde ventor telupu rangulo untundi, mariyu magavaariki aada vaati kante pedda ventlu untaayi. 16-17 teerapu gaadulu unnaayi, avayavaala madhya 6 nundi 7 varaku untaayi. dheeni mundu paadaalalo naalugu kaali vellu mariyu venuka paadaalalo aidu kaali vellu unnaayi. eee jaathi yokka parimaanam mottam podavugaa kolustaaru. 
vargeekarana.
naana" anae paeru greeku nanos nundi vachindi, dheeni ardham marugujju, endukante eee vayojana salamonderlu parimaanamlo chinnavi. idhi plethodontidae (oopiritittulu laeni salamonders) kutumbaaniki chendinadi. eee jaatula janyu vaividhyam inca gamaninchabadaledu.
"ii. naana "e" thoo ayomayam chendavacchu. neotenes, "daani jaatilo unna ekaika itara jaathi; ayithe," e. naana "marinta sannani roopamtho parimaanamlo chinnadi.
pampinhee.
texasloni hays counteeloo unna shaan marcos nadhi shaan marcos salamonder yokka ekaika prasiddha pradaesam. 1973loe janabha anchanaa prakaram vasanta sarassu yokka eguva praantaalalo nivasinche sumaru 20,880 mandhi salamonderlu unnaaru. 1993loe oka anchanaa prakaram spring sarassu yokka anni shrenulalo mariyu diguva varaku sumaru 30,451 salamonderlu unnaayi. edaadi podavunaa purushulu mariyu mahilala nishpatti sthiramgaa unnatlu nivedinchabadindi.
nivaasam.
shaan marcos nadhi yokka spashtamaina, pravahinche neeti buggalu shaan marcos salamonder kosam baga anusandhaaninchabadina jala vyavasthanu tayaaru chestaayi. neeti buggalu ushnogratanu nirvahistaayi; salamonderlu neeti vadda ottidiki gurainatlu kanipinchaayi. eee jaatula klishtamaina ushna garishta ushnogratalu peddala kante baluraku takkuva parimitini chuuputaayi. "ii. naana "tarachugaa raallu mariyu vrukshasampada vanti nadhi uparitalaalu venta kanipistaayi. vasanta sarassu yokka atyanta nissaaramaina eguva bhaagamlo isuka, kankara mariyu pedda sunnapurayi bandaraallu unnaayi, ivi aavasalanu andistaayi. marinta krindiki, concreat oddulu mariyu bandaraallu "ell" vanti jala naachuku sthalaanni andistaayi. reparium "mariyu neelam-aakupaccha algay. vividha rakaala jala sthoolajeevulu, veetilo. platifilla, "m. brasilience, ell. repense, "mariyu" vii. america kooda undhi. vrukshasampada laeni uparitalaalu mariyu burada cheelika praantaalu "ii" kii saripovu. naana, "avi pedda chepalu, taabellu mariyu jala pakshula nundi vetaku vyatiraekamgaa rakshana kavachaluga panicheestaayi.
aaharam.
ii" yokka aaharam. naana "loe amphipods, fly larva mariyu jala nattalu unnaayi. shaan marcos salamonderlu saadhaaranamgaa taatkaalika aaharam ledhaa oka nirdishta samayamlo vaariki unde akasherukaala labhyatatho maarutuu unde aaharaanni anusaristaaru. idhi akasheruka pravartana mariyu sthaanaala schedulepy aadharapadi untundi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa aneka jala akasherukaalanu viniyogistundi. chuttupakkala vrukshasampada aahaaraaniki goppa vanaru. 
pravartana.
"ii. naana "micropterus salmoids" vanti daani sthaanika mamsaahaarula nundi vachhe rasayana suuchanalapai aadhaarapadina predator egavetha pratispandanalanu pradarsistundi. antipredator pratispandanalalo daani chepala maamsaahaarulaku gaddakatte pravartana untundi. sait pattudala, season aadhaaramgaa oke goodu ledhaa santanotpatti pradaesaaniki tirigi vachhe namuunaa, eee yokka maga mariyu aada iddariloo gamaninchabadindi. naana."idhi dopidi vyatiraeka viewhalalo bhaagamgaa aggregation mariyu aasraya viniyogaaniki anukuulamgaa empika undani suuchistumdi"."prayogasaala phalitaalu predator-naiv salamonderlu predator-anubhavagnulaina saalamandarlato poliste karyakalapalalo ekkuva taggudalanu chuupimchaayani chuupistunnaayi, idhi nivarana pratispandanalalo pravartanaa plaastisitiini suuchistumdi. "ii. naana "anevi sthaanika mamsaahaarula maadirigaane kotta maamsaahaarulaku pratispandanagaa predator generalisation chuuputaayi. ii. vaari crayfish maamsaahaarulaku naana pratispandana teliyadu mariyu eee prasnaku samadhanam ivvadaaniki adhyayanalu prastutam konasagutunnayi. 
salamonder yokka tine pravartana chaalaa nishkriyamgaa untundi, endukante idhi aaharam vellae varaku vechi untundi mariyu daani aaharaanni pattukoovadaaniki akasmaattugaa munduku saagutundi. eee pratispandana bahusha aaharam nundi drushya ledhaa kampana suuchanala nundi utpannamavutundani idhi suuchistumdi.
shaan marcos salamonder jaatulu neeti vrukshasampada yokka dattamaina chapala madhyalo nilabadi unna cheruvulalo santanotpatti chesi gudlu pedataayi. gudlu jelleetho kappabadi untaayi mariyu sumaru 24 rojullo podugutaayi. maga "ii. naana "kante ekkuva moothi-venttho paripakvataku cherukuntaadu. naalugu rakaala ova unnaih chinna-spashtamaina ova, chinna-apaaradarsaka ova, chinna-pasupu ova mariyu pedda-pasupu ova. stree "ii. pedda pasupu ova kante ekkuva mukku-venttho unna naana ", mariyu andotpattiki siddhamgaa unnatlu pariganistaaru. "ii. naana "anubandha praadhaanyata kosam drushya suuchanala kante pradhanamgaa rasayana suuchanalapai aadhaarapadataadu. purushulu mariyu mahilalu iddaroo laingika vivakshanu pradarsistaaru, sambhaavya sahacharulanu vetakadaanni suuchistumdi-idhi salamanderlalo arudaina pravartana. adanamgaa, aada mariyu intersexual jantalu maga jantala kante ekkuvagaa sahajeevanam chestaayi, idhi empika chesina dookudu pravartananu suuchistumdi. sahaja prema vyavaharam mariyu guddu nikshepana inca gamaninchabadaledu mariyu namodu cheyabadaledu, idhe rakamaina jaatula salamonderla gudlu prema vyavaharam jarigina 24 gantala tarvaata oke mokka mariyu raallapai nikshiptam cheyabadataayi.
uparitalam entha teelikagaa ledhaa cheekatigaa untundane daanipai aadharapadi untundi, "ii. melanophorelalo varnadravyam maaradam dwara naana daani dorsal rangunu laetha thaan nundi muduru godhuma ranguku maarchagaladu. chuttupakkala neeti yokka oxygen kantentku pratispandanagaa daani moppala rangu kooda maarutundi, ikkada takkuva-oxygenated neetilo perigina rakta pravaham nundi adhika-oxygenated praantaalalo unchinappudu punarviniyoga sthaanam varaku prakaasavantamaina erupu rangulo kanipistundi.
parirakshana sthithi.
shaan marcos salamonder 1980 nundi antarinchipothunna jaatigaa samakhya jaabitaalo undhi. daani chaalaa parimita bhougolika paridhi kaaranamgaa, idhi pradhanamgaa bhoogarbhajala vanarula kalushyam mariyu neeti kosam edward jalacharaalapai madhya texas nagaraala bhaarii aadharapadatam valla muppu ponchi undhi. itara bedirimpulalo vasantakaalam endipovadam mariyu pravesapettina jaatulu unnaayi. parimita bhougolika paridhi kaaranamgaa valasalu janyu vaividhyaanni pravesapettalevu kabatti, kolpoinappudu janyu vaividhyam kolpovadam sahajamgaa tirigi pondalemu. aaharam labhyata mariyu taginanta aaharam kooda eee salamanderlaku aandolana kaligistaayi, conny aavasala nashtam ledhaa maarpu kante takkuvagaa untundi. 
shaan marcos salamonder mariyu naalugu itara jabita cheyabadina jaatulu 1996 shaan marcos/kaamal (savarinchina) recovery plaan paridhiloki vastaayi, indulo neetimattam yokka samagrata mariyu paniteerunu parirakshinchadam mariyu punaruddharanaku sambandhinchina sthaanika mariyu vistruta praantiiya samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki vyuuhaalanu abhivruddhi cheyadam vanti punaruddharana lakshyalu unnaayi. sahaja janabha kolpoyinatlayite bandeegaa unde santanotpatti paddhatulanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki dallas akveriyamlo prayogaalu praarambhinchabaddaayi. "ii. bandeegaa unna naana "30 saatam podupu vijaya retunu choopinchindi, okka aada samvatsaraaniki 176 gudlanu utpatti cheyagaladu.
vyaadhulu.
sukshmasporidia, kanaantara proteistan paraannajeevula kaaranamgaa kyphosis, aakarshinchabadina "e" loe nivedinchabadindi. naana ". 
"ubhayacharaalaku prapancha muppu ayina "batracochitrium dendrobatidis" kooda "ii" loe kanugonabadindi. naana ". idhi cytrideomycosis mariyu salamanderlalo maranaaniki kaaranamavutundi mariyu daani aavishkarana nundi aneka viluptaalaku daariteesindi.