
rainkosar

khadgamrugalu anevi antarinchipoyina saakaahaara tricic arcosouromorph sareesrupaala samuuham, ivi rhinecosauria shreniki chendinavi. samuuham yokka sabhyulu vaari tribhujaakaara purrelu mariyu podavaina, premoxillary emukala vanti mukku dwara vaeru cheyabadataru. khadgamrugalu modata madhya triasic ledhaa bahusha prarambha triasic loe kanipinchaayi, taruvaata triasic chivari carnian dasalo samruddhiga mariyu prapanchavyaaptamgaa pampinhee cheyabaddaayi.
vivarana.
khadgamrugalu saakaahaarulu, konnisaarlu samruddhiga undevi (konni shilaja praantaalalo 40 nundi 60 saatam namuunaalu kanipistaayi), sthuulamaina sareeraalu mariyu saktivantamaina mukkutho. mesosucus" mariyu "hovesia" vanti prarambha aadima roopaalu saadhaaranamgaa chinnavi mariyu marinta saadhaaranamgaa balli lantivi, mariyu mukku mariyu konni itara lakshanaalu minaha, purrelu prarambha diapsid "yangina" nuu pooli untaayi. taruvaata mariyu marinta adhunaatanamaina jaathi rendu meterla podavu varaku madhya nundi madhya pedda parimaanaaniki perigindi. eee roopaalloni purre chinnadi, vedalpu mariyu tribhujakaramga undedi, "hyperodapedon" (= "scaphonics") vanti atyanta adhunaatana roopaallo, lothaina chempa praanthamtho, mariyu premaxilla eguva mukkunu roopondinchadaaniki bayatiki mariyu krindiki vistarinchi, podavu kante chaalaa vedalpugaa maarindi. visaalamaina purre saktivantamaina davada kandaraalaku vasati kalpinchi untundi. diguva davada kooda lothugaa undedi, mariyu noru moosivesinappudu adhi pennife yokka blade daani handle loki muusivaeyabadinatlugaa, maxilla (eguva davada) loki gattiga biginchabadindi. eee kattera lanty charya khadgamrugalu kathinamaina mokkala padaarthaanni kattirinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. khadgamruga dantaalu aadhunika tuvataras mariyu konni ballula accrodenty maadirigaane ankailothekodanti anie piluvabade oka pratyaekamaina paristhitini kaligi unnaayi, conny lothaina muulaala samakshamlo bhinnamgaa untaayi.
dantaalu asaadhaaranamainavi; maxilla mariyu angililooni dantaalu visaalamaina dantha palakalugaa marchabaddayi. venuka paadaalu bhaarii panjaalato amarchabadi undevi, bahusha venuka avayavalanu venukaku gokadam dwara muulaalu mariyu dumpalanu travvadaaniki. enugula maadirigaane vatiki oka nirneeta sankhyalo dantaalu undevi, akkada davadalo marinta venukaku unnavi jantuvu parimaanamlo peragadamtho alasipoyina vaati sthaanamlo undevi mariyu chaalaa kathinamaina mokkala aaharam kaaranamgaa dantaalu alasipoyayi. chivariki vaaru bahusha aakalitho chanipoyi undavacchu.
eee kaalamlooni aneka jantuvula maadirigaane, avi prapanchavyaaptamgaa pampinhee cheyabaddaayi, ivi panjia antataa kanipistaayi. eee samruddhiga unna jantuvulu carnian kaalam chivarilo (triasic kaalam chivarilo) akasmaattugaa chanipoyi undavacchu, bahusha avi tinipinchina "dicroidium" vrukshajaalam antarinchipovadam phalitamgaa undavacchu. marovaipu, spielman, lucas mariyu hunt (2013) nyuu mexicolo prarambha madhya narian bull loya nirmaanam nundi humery yokka moodu suduura chivaralanu vivarinchindi, veetini vaaru "otishalkia eldare" jaatiki chendina khadgamrugala emukalugaa ardham chesukunnaru; anduvalla, silaajaalu khadgamrugalu norian varaku manugada saaginchaayani suuchimchavachchu.
vargeekarana.
phylogeny.
rhinecosourialo rhinecosouridae anae oke kutumbam undhi. naalugu prarambha mariyu madhya triasic monospecific genara, "eohyosaurus", "mesosucus", "hovisia" mariyu "notosucus" minaha anni khadgamrugalu eee kutumbamlo cherchabaddaayi. laidekar (1885) paeru pettabadina hyperodapedontidae daani juuniyar paryaayapadamgaa pariganinchabadindi. ayithe, langer "mariyu itarulu."(2000) hyperodapedon gordoni mariyu" "hetch" "lanu chaerchadaaniki laidekar hyperodapedancidaenu nirminchinatlu gurtinchaaru". huxley, "spashtamgaa" rhinecosaurus artiseps "nuu minahayinchi, aaa samayamlo telisina ekaika itara rainkosar. anduvalla, vaaru dheenini kaandam aadhaarita vargeekaranagaa nirvachinchaaru, indulo "rhinecosaurus" kante "hyperodapedon" kuu marinta daggari sambandham unna anni rainkosarlu untaayi.
ippudu rhinecosouridae yokka upasamuuhamgaa unna hyperodapedontidae lopala, rendu upa kutumbaalaku paerlu pettabaddayi. kuhn (1933) anae paeru gala stenoulorinchine anedi "hyperodapedon" kante "stenoulorincus" kuu marinta daggari sambandham unna anni jaatulanu chaerchadaaniki sensu langer mariyu shultz (2000) gaa nirvachinchabadindi. chatterjee (1969) chetha paeru pettabadina hyperodapedontine langer mariyu itarulache punarnirvachinchabadindi."(2000)" "rhinecosaurus" "spensery" "(ippudu" "phodonics" ") kante" "hyperodapedon" "kii daggaragaa unna anni rainkosaarlanu chaerchadaaniki".
diguva claudogram shultz mariyu itarulapai aadharapadi untundi."(2016) idhi itara iteevali vislaeshanhala nundi teesukunna" "notosachus" "sthaanamtho (idhi shultz mariyu itarulalo tolaginchabadinanduna), ippati varaku atyanta janyu sammilita rainkosar phylogenetic vislaeshanha"."(2016)), andaruu okadaanitoe okati ekaabhipraayamtho unnaaru.

