mahasir

muhasir ledhaa muhajir (nundi) sumaru 10 millionla ottoman muslim pourulu, mariyu ottoman saamrajyam raddu praarambhamaina taruvaata janminchina vaari vaarasulu, ekkuvagaa turklu, conny albanianlu, bosniaclu, greeku muslimlu, circassianlu, crimean totterlu, pomaklu, serb muslimlu mariyu muslim romanlu kooda 18va sataabdam chivari nundi 20va sataabdam chivari varaku thoorpu thrace mariyu anatoliaku valasa vacchaaru, pradhanamgaa vaari matrubhumi loe konasagutunna himsa nundi tappinchukovadaaniki. nedu, turkey janabhalo naaluginta oka vanthu mariyu moodinta oka vanthu madhya 85 millionla mandhi eee muhachirla puurveekulu unnaaru.
unnaaru austrianlu tarkeela nundi teesukunna hangari nundi 170,000 mandhi muslimlu bahishkarinchabaddaaru. balkanla nundi sumaru 5-7 millionla mandhi muslim valasadaarulu (bulgaria nundi 1.15 millionlu; grease nundi 12 millionlu; romenia nundi 4,00,000; yugoslavia nundi 800,000), russia (500,000), caucasus (900,000, veerilo moodinta rendu vantulu migili unnaayi, migilina vaaru siriya, jordan mariyu cypressku velutunnaaru) mariyu siriya (500,000, ekkuvagaa syrian antaryuddham phalitamgaa) ottomanola mariyu aadhunika tarkeeki 1783 nundi 2016 varaku vacchaaru, veerilo 4 millionlu 1924 natiki, 1.3 millionlu 1934 taruvaata 1945 varaku mariyu 12 millionlaku paiga syrian antaryuddham praarambhaaniki mundu vacchaaru. syrian antaryuddham nundi 37 laksala mandiki paiga syrianlu tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru, ayithe syrian saranaarthulanu muhasirluga vargeekarinchadam vivadaspadamga mariyu rajakeeyamgaa aaropinchabadindi.
19va sataabdam chivaralo mariyu 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo valasala pravaham 1912-13 mariyu modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo daadaapu anni ottoman bhoobhaganni kolpovadam valla jarigindi. eee muhaseerlu ledhaa saranaarthulu ottoman saamrajyaanni, aaa taruvaata turkey ganatantraanni rakshanaatmaka "matrubhumi" gaa chuusaaru. ottoman saamrajyam chivari samvatsaraallo ottoman muslimlapai vistrutamgaa himsa phalitamgaa chaalaa mandhi muhaseerlu anatoliaku paaripoyaaru.
aaa taruvaata, bahishkarinchabaddaaru turkey ganatantram sthaapinchadamtho, balkanlu, nalla samudram, caucasus, aegean dheevulu, cyprus dveepam, alegzandretta sanjak (<unk>senderan), madhyaprachyam mariyu soviet union nundi pedda sankhyalo turklu, alaage itara muslimlu eee praantaaniki ravadam konasaaginchaaru, veerilo ekkuva mandhi pattana vaayuvya anatolialo sthirapaddaaru. circassian maranahomam samayamlo, 500,000 mandhi muslim circassianlu kramapaddhatilo saamuuhika hatyaku gurayyaru, jatiparamga subhraparachabaddaaru mariyu russo-circassian yuddham (1763-1864) taruvaata vaari matrubhumi syrcasia nundi bahishkarinchabaddaaru. bahishkarinchabaddaaru grease mariyu tarkeela madhya janabha maarpidilo bhaagamgaa vividha jaateeyatalaku chendina ara millionlaku paiga jaathi muslimlu grease nundi vacchaaru (janabha marpidi jaathi meeda kakunda mataparamaina anubandham meeda aadharapadi undedi). 1925 taruvaata, turkey turkic matlade muslimlanu valasadaarulugaa angeekarinchadam konasaaginchindi mariyu turkic yetara minorityla sabhyula olasalanu nirutsaahaparachaledu. valasadaarulalo 90 saataaniki paiga balcon deshaala nundi vacchaaru. 1934 nundi 1945 varaku, 229,870 mandhi saranaarthulu mariyu valasadaarulu tarkeeki vacchaaru. udaaharanaku, 1935 mariyu 1940 madhya, turkish muulaaniki chendina sumaru 124,000 mandhi bulgarianlu mariyu romanlu tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru, 1954 mariyu 1956 madhya sumaru 35,000 mandhi muslim slaavlu yugoslavia nundi valasa vacchaaru. vacchaaru mugisina yaabhai aidu samvatsaraala kaalamlo, turkey sumaru 13 laksala mandhi valasadaarulanu anumatinchindi; 36 saatam bulgaria nundi, 25 saatam grease nundi, 22.1 saatam yugoslavia nundi mariyu 8.9 saatam romenia nundi vacchaaru. eee balcon valasadaarulaku, alaage cyprus mariyu soviet union nundi takkuva sankhyalo turkic valasadaarulaku vaaru tarkeeki vacchina tarvaata puurti pourasatvam labhinchindi. valasadaarulu pradhanamgaa marmara mariyu aegean praantaalalo (78 saatam) mariyu madhya anatolialo (11.7 saatam) sthirapaddaaru.
1930la nundi 2016 varaku valasalu turkeylo rendu millionla mandhi muslimlanu jodinchaayi. eee valasadaarulalo ekkuva mandhi tama matrubhumi loe vaedhimpulu mariyu vivakshanu edurkonna balcon turklu. 1951 mariyu 1953 madhya bulgaria mariyu yugoslavia nundi bahishkarinchabadina turklu mariyu itara muslimla kotta alalu tarkeeki taruvaata bulgaria nundi maroka valasalu vachayi, idhi mottam valasadaarulanu daadaapu padhi millionlaku teesukuvacchindi.
iteevala, meskhetian turklu maajee soviet union raashtraala nundi tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru (mukhyamgaa (mukhyamgaa russian federation dwara crimeanu swaadheenam chesukunna taruvaata), mariyu iteevali iraq yuddham (2003-2011) mariyu syrian antaryuddham (2011-prastutam) kaaranamgaa chaalaa mandhi iraq turkmen mariyu syrian turkmenlu turkeylo aasrayam pondaaru.
algerialo.
modatlo, modatlo modati valasa ala sambhavinchindi, french vaaru algeriapy niyantrana saadhinchina tarvaata chaalaa mandhi algerian turklu eee praantaanni vidichipettavalasi vachindi; sumaru 10,000 turklu turkeylooni izmirku ravana cheyabaddaayi, inca chaalaa mandhi paalastiinaa, siriya, arabia mariyu egyptulaku kooda valasa vacchaaru.
bulgaria.
bulgaria nundi modati valasa ala russia-turkish yuddham (1828-1829) samayamlo sumaru 30,000 bulgarian turklu tarkeeki vachinappudu sambhavinchindi. sumaru 750,000 mandhi valasadaarula rendava tarangam russia-turkish yuddham samayamlo bulgarianu vidichipettindi, conny vaarilo daadaapu naaluginta oka vanthu mandhi maargamadhyamlone maraninchaaru. migilina 200,000 mandiki paiga turkey prastuta sarihaddula lopala undipoyaaru, migilina vaarini ottoman saamraajyamloni itara praantaalaku pampaaru. yuddham taruvaata bulgaria jaathi mariyu mataparamaina nirmaanam yokka pradhana janabha punarnirmaanaaniki daariteesindi. eee valasala phalitamgaa, bulgarialo tarkula saatam saatam russia-turkish yuddham taruvaata ventane janabhalo moodinta oka vanthu kante ekkuva nundi 14.2% kuu taggindi. grease, bulgaria mariyu tarkeela madhya janabha oppandaala tappanisari maarpidiki anugunamgaa, balcon yuddhalu mariyu modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo mariyu taruvaata gananeeyamaina sankhyalo turklu tarkeeki valasa velladam konasaaginchaaru. 1934 natiki turkish samajam bulgaria mottam janabhalo 9.7 saataaniki taggindi, taruvaati dasaabdaallo taggutuu vachindi.
rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata communistu paalana bulgaria nundi chaalaa olasalanu muginchindi, ayithe bulgarian turkla pravahanni niyantrinchadaaniki 1950la praarambhamlo mariyu 1960la chivarilo marinta dwaipaakshika oppandaalu charchinchabaddaayi. bhaarii pannu vidhimpu, private minority paatasaalala jaateeyam, bulgaria aadhuneekarana paerita turkish samskrutiki vyatiraekamgaa charyalu, turkish minoritylaku valasa velladaaniki goppa ottidini penchaayi, augustu nishkramana aankshalanu sadalinchinappudu, chaalaa mandhi jaathi turklu velladaaniki darakhaastu chesukunnaru. augustu augustu bulgaria prabhutvam 250,000 mandhi jaathi turklu valasa velladaaniki darakhaastulu chesinatlu prakatinchindi mariyu moodu nelallopu vaatini angeekarinchamani turkeypy ottidi tecchindi. ayithe, turkey adhikarulu intha takkuva samayamlo desham eee sankhyalanu angeekarinchaledani prakatinchi, taruvaati samvatsaramlo thana sarihaddulanu muusivaesaaru. bahishkaranaku samaanamaina samayamlo, jaathi turklu vellipovalani ottidi konasaagindi, 1951 chivari natiki sumaru 155,000 turklu bulgarianu vidichipettaru. chaalaa mandhi tama aastini vidichipettaru ledhaa daani viluva kante chaalaa takkuvaku vikrayinchaaru; eee valasadaarulalo ekkuva mandhi pradhanamgaa marmara mariyu aegean praantaalalo vijayavantamgaa sthirapaddaaru, bhoomi pampinhee mariyu gruhaala erpaatu sahaayapadindi. sahaayapadindi rendu deshaala madhya maroe oppandam kudirindi, idhi 1951 varaku vidichipettina vaari bandhuvulanu vaari vibhajinchabadina kutumbaalato ekam cheyadaaniki anumatinchindi, mariyu maroe 115,000 mandhi prajalu 1968 mariyu 1978 madhya bulgarianu tarkeeki vidichipettaru.
bulgarian turklu balavantamgaa vileenam cheyabadina pracharam nundi tappinchukovadaaniki tarkeeki paaripoyinappudu, paaripoyinappudu "pedda vihaarayaatra" anie piluvabade nishkramanatho turkish valasala taja ala praarambhamaindi. idhi turkish samaajamlo samvatsaraala tarabadi konasagina udriktataku naatakeeya parakashtaga gurtinchabadindi, idhi 1985 sheethaakaalamlo bulgarian prabhutvam yokka ekikarana prachaaramtho teevramaindi, idhi jaathi turklu tama paerlanu bulgarian slavic paerlugaa marchukovadaniki prayatninchindi. saampradaaya turkish dustulu dharinchadampai nishedham, bahiranga pradaesaalloo turkish bhasha matladatam, taruvaata balavantamgaa paeru marchadam vanti prachaaraalato eee pracharam praarambhamaindi. 1989 mae natiki bulgarian adhikarulu turklanu bahishkarinchadam praarambhinchaaru; bulgariatho kramabaddhamaina valasala kosam charchalu jarapadaniki turkish prabhutvam chesina prayatnaalu viphalamainappudu, turkey thana sarihaddulanu 1989 juun 2naa bulgariaku terichindi. ayithe, 1989 augustu 21naa, turkey bulgarian turkla kosam valasa veesa avasaralanu tirigi pravesapettindi. sumaru 360,000 mandhi jaathi turklu tarkeeki vellaarani anchanaa veyabadindi, ayithe 1989 decemberlo turkish paerlapai nishedham raddu cheyabadina tarvaata moodinta oka vanthu kante ekkuva mandhi bulgariaku tirigi vacchaaru. ayinappatikee, bulgarian communist paalana padipoyina tarvaata, bulgarian pourulaku mallee prayaana swechcha anumatinchabadina tarvaata, sumaru 218,000 mandhi bulgarianlu turkey kosam desham vidichi vellaaru. tadupari valasa tarangam nirantaram ksheenistunna aardhika paristhitula valla prerepinchabadindi; antekakunda, antekakunda jarigina modati prajaasvaamya ennikalaloo paeru marchabadina communist party vijayam saadhinchi 88,000 mandhi prajalu desham vidichi vellipoyaaru, marosari, vaarilo ekkuva mandhi bulgarian turklu. 1992 natiki, tarkeeki valasalu ekkuva retutho tirigi prarambhamayyayi. ayithe, esaari dhesha aardhika ksheenata mukhyamgaa jatiparamga mishrama praantaalanu prabhaavitam chesinanduna vaaru aardhika kaaranaala valla munduku sagaru. bulgarian turklu rashtra raayiteelu ledhaa itara rakaala rashtra sahayam lekunda migilipoyaru mariyu teevra maandyaanni edurkonnaru. 1992 janabha lekkala prakaram, 1989 mariyu 1992 madhya turkish muulaaniki chendina sumaru 344,849 mandhi bulgarianlu tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru, dheeni phalitamgaa dakshina bulgarialo janabha gananeeyamgaa taggindi.
caucasus.
circassian maranahomam yokka sanghatanalu, antey kakasasloni vaari chaaritraka matrubhumi nundi circassianlalo ekkuva mandhi jaathi prakshaalana, hatya, balavantamgaa valasalu mariyu bahishkarinchadam, phalitamgaa kaneesam 600,000 mandhi caucassian sthaanikulu maraninchaaru, migilina 900,000 mandhi-1768 nundi 1917 varaku madhyantara russian daadula kaaranamgaa anatoliaku valasa vacchina kakasianlu-vijayavantamgaa valasa vacchaaru; vaarilo moodinta rendu vantula mandhi migilipoyaru, migilina vaarini amman, damascus, aleppo mariyu cypressku pampaaru. nedu turkeylo jaathi samuuhaala madhya thedaanu gurtinchadam kashtam kabatti circassian santatiki chendina prajalu dadapuga circassian santatiki chendinavaarugaa unnaaru.
crimea.
1771 nundi 19va sataabdam prarambham varaku sumaru 500,000 crimean totterlu anatoliaku vacchaaru.
russian adhikarulu saadhaaranamgaa tarkulu mariyu taterla madhya bhaagaswaamya matha gurtimpunu totter valasala venuka praathamika chodaka saktigaa bhaavinchaaru. 1792 jassie oppandaaniki mundu crimeanu swaadheenam chesukunna sampradaaya russialo nivasinchadaaniki muslim taatarlu ishtapadarani vaaru vaadinchaaru. eee oppandamtho ottoman saamraajyaaniki nogay taterla valasalu prarambhamayyayi.
viliinaaniki mundu, totter prabhuvulu ("mizra") raitulanu daasulugaa marchalekapoyaru, idhi thoorpu airopaloni itara praantaalatoo poliste totter raitulaku saapeksha swechhanu kalpinchindi, mariyu vaaru saagu kosam anni "adavi mariyu kovvulu laeni" bhoomulanu upayoginchadaaniki anumatinchaaru. adavi bhoomulu" nibandhanala prakaram raitulu gatamlo saagu cheyani bhoomulanu saagu cheyadamtho crimea thana vyavasaya bhoomulanu vistarinchindi. bhuu yajamanyam yokka aneka amsaalu mariyu "mizra" mariyu raitula madhya unna sambandham islaamik chattam krinda paripalinchabaddayi. swaadheenam taruvaata crimean taterla yokka aneka mataparamaina bhoomulanu rashyanlu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. ottoman saamraajyaaniki valasalu prarambhamayyayi, ottoman vijayam yokka vaari aasalu 1787-1792 yokka russia-turkish yuddham mugimpulo debbatinnaayi.
cyprus.
cyprus ottomanlu eee dveepaanni grate britanku leejuku ivvaalsina avasaram vachinappudu cyprus nundi modati valasalu sambhavinchaayi; aaa samayamlo 15,000 mandhi turkish cypriotlu anatoliaku vellaaru. modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata tarkeeki turkish cypriot valasala pravaham konasaagindi, 1920la madhyalo daani atyadhika vegaanni pondhi, rendava prapancha yuddhamlo hecchutaggula vegamtho konasaagindi. cyprus vivaadam nundi turkish cypriot valasalu konasagayi.
konasagayi cyprus looni paedalaku paristhitulu mukhyamgaa kathinamgaa unnanduna turkish cypriot valasa tarangamlo aardhika uddesyaalu mukhyamaina paatra poeshinchaayi. kottagaa sthaapinchabadina republic off turkey puttukanu swaagathinchina utsaahamto, taruvaata valasa vacchina turklaku sahayam chestaanani icchina vaagdaanaalato tarkeeki valasa vellae utsaaham perigindi. udaaharanaku, 1925 chivarilo turkish prabhutvam teesukunna oka nirnayam, cyprus turklaku, lausan oppandam prakaram, republicu valasa vellae hakku undani, anduvalla, valasa vacchina kutumbaalaku illu, taginanta bhoomi istaarani perkondi. tarkeeki valasa vacchina vaari khachitamaina sankhya teliyadu. turkey jaateeyatanu enchukunna vaarilo, 5,000-6,000 mandhi turkish cypriotlu appatike turkeylo sthirapaddaarani turkeylooni patrikalu 1927 madhyalo nivedinchaayi. ayithe, chaalaa mandhi turkish cypriotlu lauzan oppandam prakaram vaariki ivvabadina hakkulu amaluloki rakamunde valasa vacchaaru.
St. zaan-johns 1881 mariyu 1931 madhya tarkeeki turkish cypriot valasala nijamaina janabha prabhavanni khachitamgaa anchanaa vaeyadaaniki prayatninchaadu. athanu ilaa bhavinchaduh
allie suuth bilz prakaram, 1878, modati prapancha yuddham, 1920la prarambha turkish republic shakam mariyu rendava prapancha yuddhanni parigananaloki teesukuni, mottam meeda, 1878 mariyu 1945 madhya sumaru 100,000 turkish cypriotlu turkey kosam dveepam vidichipettaru. augustu 31,1955 natiki, turkey rashtra mantri mariyu taatkaalika videsanga mantri, fatin rustu jorlu, cyprus paie london samavesamlo oka prakatana ilaa perkondih
2001 natiki turkeylo 500,000 mandhi turkish cypriotlu nivasistunnaarani trnc videsanga mantritva saakha anchanaa vesindi.
grease.
grease swatantra grease sthaapana taruvaata 1820la praarambhamlo grease nundi turkla valasalu prarambhamayyayi. modati prapancha yuddham mugise samayaniki sumaru 800,000 mandhi turklu grease nundi tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru. appudu, 1923 loe lasson oppandam prakaram, 1923 loe greeku mariyu turkish janabha maarpidiki sambandhinchina samavesam prakaram, grease mariyu turkey jaathi janabha tappanisari maarpidiki angeekarinchaayi. mubadil" anae padaanni pratyaekamgaa eee olasalanu suuchimchadaaniki upayoginchaaru. 350, 000 nundi 500,000 madhya muslim turklu greeku nundi tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru, mariyu turkey nundi sumaru 13 laksala sanaatana kraistava "greekulu" greesku valasa vacchaaru. "greeku" mariyu "turkish" bhashaparamga ledhaa saamskrutikamgaa kakunda matam dwara nirvachinchabaddaayi. sadassuloni artical 1 prakaram...turkish bhoobhaagamlo sthaapinchabadina greeku sanaatana mataaniki chendina turkish jaateeyulu mariyu greeku bhoobhaagamlo sthaapinchabadina muslim mataaniki chendina greeku jaateeyula tappanisari marpidi jarugutundi. eee vyaktulu turkish prabhutvam ledhaa greeku prabhutvam yokka adhikaram lekunda turkey ledhaa greeslo nivasinchadaaniki tirigi raaru.
december 5,1923naa "dhi times" loe prachurinchabadina oka vyaasam ilaa perkondih
balavantapu badilee nundi minahaayimpulu constantinople (istanbul) mariyu paaschaatya thrace turklalo nivasistunna kraistavulu matrame. greeslo nivasistunna migilina turklu appati nundi nirantaram tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru, eee prakriya greeku jaateeyata chattamloni artical 19 dwara sulabhataram cheyabadindi, idhi greeku rashtram taatkaalika kaalaaniki kooda desham vidichi vellae turklanu tirigi pravesinchadaaniki niraakarinchadaaniki upayoginchindi, mariyu vaari pourasatvaanni kolpoyindi. 1923 nundi, 300,000 nundi 400,000 mandhi paschima thrace turklu eee praantaanni vidichipettaru, vaarilo ekkuva mandhi tarkeeki vellaaru.
romenia.
romenia nundi anatoliaku valasalu 1800la praarambhamlo russia sainyalu eee praantamloki pravesinchinappati nundi prarambhamayyayi. ottoman kaalamlo, prarambhamayyayi sumaru 200,000 mandhi prajalu tarkeeki, aapai 90,000 mandhi raakato 1878-1880 kuu vachinappudu atipedda valasalu jarigaayi. ganatantra kaalam taruvaata, 1936 septembaru 4naa romenia mariyu tarkeela madhya kudirina oka oppandam 70,000 mandhi romanian turklanu dobruza praantaanni vadili tarkeeki velladaaniki anumatinchindi. 1960la natiki, adhaa kaleh yokka turkish exclavelo nivasistunna nivaasitulu inupa dwaaram-1 jalavidyut kendraanni nirminchadaaniki naasanam cheyabadinappudu dveepaanni vidichipettavalasi vachindi, idhi anni vyaktula valasala dwara sthaanika samajam antarinchipovadaaniki kaaranamaindi.
siriya.
syrian antaryuddham nundi paaripotunna 500,000 syrian turkmen saranaarthulaku turkey thana sarihaddulanu terichi unchindani december december turkish videsanga mantritva saakha under secretory umit yalan paerkonnaaru.
yugoslavia.
serb viplavam phalitamgaa phalitamgaa yugoslavia nundi valasalu prarambhamayyayi. prarambhamayyayi sumaru 150,000 mandhi muslimlu anatoliaku valasa vacchaaru, taruvaata taruvaata, adhe sankhyalo muslimlu anatoliaku valasa vacchaaru. serbia rajyam nundi bahishkarinchabadina muslimlu bosnia vilaayetlo sthirapaddaaru. turkey ganatantram prakatinchina taruvaata, 1923 mariyu 1930 madhya 350,000 mandhi valasadaarulu tarkeeki vacchaaru. 1946 nundi 1961 varaku communist yugoslavia sthaapinchabadina taruvaata adanamgaa 160,000 mandhi prajalu tarkeeki valasa vacchaaru. 1961 nundi, aaa yugoslavia nundi valasa vacchina vaari sankhya 50,000 mandhi.

