
shular vii. united states

shular vii. united states, 589 yuu.ess. _ _ (2020), united states supreme court yokka abhiprayam, dheenilo kortu, 1984 saayudha kereer criminal chattam kinda, "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neram" yokka nirvachanam rashtra neram saasanamlo perkonna pravartananu kaligi undaalsina avasaram undani perkondi. akaalooni itara nibandhanala maadirigaa kakunda, rashtra nyaayasthaanaalu neeraaniki "saadhaarana" samskarananu abhivruddhi cheyalsina avasaram ledhu, idhi saadhaaranamgaa ardham chesukunnatluga neeramlooni amsaalanu vivaristundi, aapai neeraanni aaa saadhaarana samskaranatho polchi, jarimana pempu prayojanaala kosam akaalo arhata kaligi undho ledho nirnayinchadaaniki. yaa kinda nirvachinchina neeraalu "saadhaarana neeraalaku asambhavamaina paerlu" anie nirnayam perkondi, anduvalla avi spashtamainavi kaavu. idhi udaarata niyamanni vartimpajeyalenidigaa chestundi.
nepathyam.
chattaparamaina charitra.
saayudha vrutti naera chattam (eah. sii. eah) anedi 1984loe aamodinchabadina samakhya siksha chattam, taruvaata 1986loe savarinchabadindi. eah. sii. eah looni oka vibhagam, §924 (ii) (2) (eah) (ii), "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalaku" ledhaa "himsaatmaka neeraalaku" moodu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva mundastu neraropanalu unte tupaki sambandhita neeraalaku paalpadina prativaadulaku tappanisari 15 samvatsaraala sikshanu vidhistundi.
eah. sii. yea kinda "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neram" anae nirvachanam chaalaa vistrutamainadi. 1986loe savarinchina taruvaata (1986loe kereer criminals savarana chattam), "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neram" yokka nirvachanam 1970 federal niyantrita padaarthaala chattam kinda chattaviruddhamaina charyalanu, alaage niyantrita padaarthaalanu pampinhee cheyadaaniki ledhaa tayaaru cheyadaaniki uddesamto tayari, pampinhee ledhaa swaadheenam chesukune rashtra sthaayi neeraalanu chaerchadaaniki vistarinchabadindi. taruvaati nibandhana phalitamgaa, "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalu" yokka nirvachanam rashtra chattam yokka vaividhyam dwara gananeeyamgaa prabhaavitamavutundi.
saayudha vrutti naera charyalo upayoginche neeraalaku sambandhinchina itara nirvachanalu "vargeekarana vidhanam" gaa piluvabade vaatini upayoginchi vislaeshimchabadataayi. eee vidhaanamlo, ACA kinda prativaadiki siksha vidhinche kortu modata neeraaniki saadhaarana nirvachananni abhivruddhi cheyali, aapai aaa neeraaniki sambandhinchina saadhaarana nirvachananni rashtra chattamloni nirdishta nibandhanalaku polchi, aaa neeraaniki moodu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva munupati neeraalaku sambandhinchi pariganinchabadutundaa ledhaa anie nirnayinchaali. prativaadi yokka munupati rashtra neraropanalu ACA kinda "himsaatmaka neeraalu" gaa pariganinchabadataayaa anie nirnayinchadaaniki "vargeekarana vidhanam" upayoginchabadaalani supreenkortu korutundi. ayithe, munupati neraropananu "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neram" gaa pariganinchaalaa vadda anie nirnayinchadaaniki "vargeekarana vidhanam" nii kooda upayoginchaalaa anae daanipai vivaadam undhi.
kesu nepathyam.
2017loe, jefferson county sherieflu, maadakadravyaala amalu paripalana (da) dwara kokain akrama ravana daryaaptuku lakshyamgaa unna florida vyakti eddie shular intipai daadi chesaaru. daadi samayamlo, adhikarulu shular yokka master bedd room almaralo. 32 caliber revolvernu kanugonnaru. shularnu federal grand jurie doshulugaa nirdhaarinchindi mariyu september 2017loe, athanu federal kortulo tupaakeeni kaligi unnanduku neeraanni angeekarinchaadu. 
samakhya chattam prakaram, eee neram saadhaaranamgaa 10 samvatsaraala varaku jailu sikshanu kaligi untundi. ayithe, teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalaku sambandhinchi ataniki moodu kante ekkuva neraropanalu unnanduna (pratyaekamgaa, kokain kaligi unna 5 kesulalo 2012 loe neraropana mariyu pampinhee cheyalane uddesyamto kokain kaligi unna 1 kesulo), ataniki tappanisari kaneesa siksha 15 samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchabadindi. appudu shular thana sikshanu appeal chesaadu.
diguva kortulalo.
shular florida federal kortulo vichaaranaku gurainanduna, athani appeelnu modata united states court off appeals dwara padakondava circuit kosam, mugguru nyaayamuurtula panel adhyakshatana, nyaayamuurtulu stanley marcus, charless willson mariyu fraank emm. pottu. thana appeello, siksha vidhinche nyaayamuurti thana aaru mundastu kokain-sambandhita neraropanalanu mundastu "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neraalugaa" pariganinchakuudadani, tadanugunamgaa ataniki kaneesa 15 samvatsaraala tappanisari siksha vidhinchakuudadani shular vaadinchaaru. shular vaadana emitante, congress "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalaku" uddesinchinadi, "purushula rhea" muulakamtoe (udhaa.zii. prativaadi taanu niyantrita padaarthaanni vikrayistunnaani telusani prabhutvam niroopinchaalani saasanam korutundi). athanu niyantrita padaartham (kokain) vikrayistunnadani tanaku telusani niroopinchadaaniki florida saasanam prabhutvaaniki avasaram ledani shular paerkonnaadu, antey aaa saasanam kinda athani neraropanalu akeye kinda chellubaatu kaavu. maroe maatalo cheppalante, aaa florida chattam kinda edainaa neraropanalu '3 sammelu' vaipu lekkinchabadala vadda anie nirnayinchadaaniki florida yokka aushadha chattam yokka amsaalanu generic federal drugg chattamtho ("mens rhea" avasaramtho okati) polchadam-kortu "vargeekarana vidhananni" vartimpajeyaalani ayana vaadinchaaru.
shular thana suuchimchina vidhanam united states v loe padakondava circuit yokka udaaharanaku viruddhamgaa undani angeekarinchaadu. smith "(2014), mariyu vaari puurvagaamitvaanni raddu cheyaalani kortuku pilupunicchaaru. 2018 septembarulo vidudala chesina prati curium abhipraayamlo, padakondava circuit schular sikshanu samarthinchindi. vaari abhiprayam prakaram, padakondava circuit balamaina "mundastu panel puurvagaami" niyamaaniki kattubadi undani kortu perkondi, antey united states supreenkortu ledhaa mottam padakondava circuitho kuudina enn byaank panel dwara raddu cheyakapothe, padakondava circuit panel yokka abhiprayam bhavishyat panellapy kattubadi untundi.
shular padakondava circuit abhiprayanni supreenkortuku appeal chesaaru, idhi juun 2019loe kesunu vinadaniki angeekarinchina athani certifiorari ritnu manjuru chesindi. 2020 janavari 21naa moukhika vaadanalu jarigaayi. uttara florida jillaaku chendina assistant federal defender ayina richard summa shular tarapuna kesunu vaadinchaaru. us assistant solicitor general ayina jonathan baand, united states prabhutvam tarapuna eee kesunu vaadinchaaru.
supreenkortu abhiprayam.
majority abhiprayam.
2020 fibravari 26naa, atyunnata nyayasthaanam padakondava circuit nirnayaanni dhruveekaristuu, shular kuu vyatiraekamgaa tiirpunistuu oka abhiprayanni vidudala chesindi. ekagreeva nyayasthaanam kosam vraastuu, justice rooth bodder ginsburg, shular suuchimchina itara nibandhanala maadirigaa kakunda, vargeekarana vidhananni kaligi unna, "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalaku" sambandhinchina prasnalooni nibandhana 'prameyam' anae padaanni upayoginchindani, dheeni ardham "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalu" anae padaaniki 'lekkinchina charyalu (pampinhee, tayari mariyu maadakadravyaala swaadheenam)' kaligi unna edainaa neram 'anie ardham. prativaadiki atyanta anukuulamaina paddhatiloo chattamlo aspashtamaina padabandhaalanu ardham chesukovadaniki saadhaaranamgaa kortu avasaramayye udaarata niyamam, upayoginchabadutunna padaalu nijamaina aspashtamgaa lenanduna ikkada vartinchadani abhiprayam perkondi.
sammati.
justice brett kavanag oka ekibhavinchina abhiprayanni raasaaru, idhi athanu majority abhipraayamlo puurtigaa cherinatlu perkondi. soumyata niyamam shular kuu elaa vartinchadani ayana marinta vivarinchaadu. kavanag eppudu udaarata yokka niyamanni upayoginchaalo prakriyanu vivaristundihi 
1. nyaayasthaanaalu modata chattabaddhamaina vivarana yokka saampradaaya paddhatulanu prayatninchaali mariyu adhi viphalamaithe
2. upayoginchabadutunna nibandhanalu chaalaa aspashtamgaa unnappudu matrame vaaru udaarata niyamanni aasrayinchavacchu, saasanasabha uddesinchina daani gurinchi matrame kortu oohinchagaladu
prabhavam.
saayudha vrutti naera chattam kinda rashtra "teevramaina maadakadravyaala neeraalanu" vislaeshimchadaaniki vargeekarana vidhananni upayoginchadampai circuit vibajananu supreenkortu teerpu parishkarinchindi.

