
jemmi

jemmi anae padaanni keralaloni bhuuswaamulanu suuchimchadaaniki upayogistaaru. vaaru madhyayuga kaalamlo bhuuswaamulatoe paatu eee praantamlooni bhuuswaamulanu yerparachukunnaru, mariyu estatelu mariyu bhuswamya aastulalo ekkuva bhaagam eee samaajaaniki chendinavi. vaaru pradhanamgaa nambudiri (braahmana poojaarulu) mariyu nair (raajulu, prabhuvulu mariyu sainikulu) kulaalaku chendinavaaru, mariyu oka kuleena kutumbam bhoomini kaligi undatam asaadhaaranam kaadu. kochin mariyu travencore maharajulu, travencourloni punjar mariyu kochinloni paliyat achaanlu vanti aneka itara paalakula vale baavulu, vaari aneka bhuswamya estatelaku prasiddhi chendaaru. trivendrum looni padmanabhaswamy aalayam (travencore maharajuche niyantrinchabadutundi), koodalamanikam aalayam (tachudaya kaimal dwara niyantrinchabadutundi) mariyu emm yokka guruvayur aalayam vanti devalayalu. aarr. aarr. eee bhuswamya kuleenula yaajamaanyamloni bhoomulapai nirminchabaddaayi. kaalikat yokka jamorinlu kooda kaneesam 60,000 nundi 90,000 ekaraala estate bhoomulanu kaligi unnaaru.
ayithe, nedu keralalo entha bhoomini kaligi undavachane daanipai aankshalu vidhinchaaru. tama bhoomulanu vidichipettina genmilaku saadhaaranamgaa token pension chellinchabadutundi, conny prabhutvam eppatikappudu alaa cheyadaaniki niraakarinchindi.
malabar yokka atipedda bhuswamulalo atavee bhoomula yaajamaanyamloni vengayil kutumbam undagaa, chirakkal raajaaku sumaru bhoomi undhi. itara pradhana genmilalo kurumathur namburidipad (5,615 ekaraalu) mariyu kalliyat numbier (36,779 ekaraalu) unnaayi.
genmilapai sanghatita himsa.
communistulache prabhaavitamaina genmilapai aneka himsaatmaka sanghatanalu jarigaayi.
kayur sanghatanah
kayur hosdurg taaluukaalooni oka chinna graamam. 1940loe kamyoonistula naayakatvamlo akkadi raitulu kalliyat yokka nambier mariyu karakkat edam yokka nayanar anae iddaru sthaanika genmeelaku vyatiraekamgaa lechaaru. eee sangharshanhalo aneka mandhi maraninchaaru mariyu naluguru communistu nayakulu doshigaa teelaaru mariyu prabhutvam vaarini uriteesindi. aidava prerepakudiki jeevita khaidu vidhinchabadindi mariyu athanu naera baadhyata vayassu kante takkuva vayassu unnanduna maranasiksha nundi tappinchukunnadu.
mattannur ghatanah
mattanur 1852loe mopala addedaarulu mariyu vaari naayar bhuswamula madhya pedda ettuna mataparamaina allarlaku sakshyam ayyindi. 200 mandhi mopala la saayudha brundam sthaanika bhuswamy kalatil kesavan tangal intloki pravesinchi, athani 18 mandhi sabhyula mottam kutumbaanni oochakotha kosinappudu allarlu prarambhamayyayi. allarlu aaa jillaalo atyanta saktivantamaina jemmi ayina kalliyat anandan nambiernu nirmuulinchaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. ayithe, vaari pranaalikalu edho okavidhamgaa leak ayyayi, bhuswamy thana kutumbamtho paaripoyaadu, thana menalludu kalliyat kammaran nambiernu bhoomini rakshinchadaaniki vadili vellaadu. kammaran nambier 300 mandhi nair yodhulatho kuudina sainyanni erpaatu chesi allarla kosam vechi unnadu. sandehinchani allarlaku paalpadina vaarini merupudaadi chesi, saamuuhika hatya chesaaru, addedaarulu tama pracharanni vidichipetti, raddu cheyavalasi vachindi.
corum sanghatanah
1948 april 12naa payyaanuurlooni corom graamamlo maroe chaaritraatmaka udyamam jarigindi. payyanur farca nundi raitulu bhuswamy, alakkat mavila kunhambu nambier yokka vari godownku kavaatu chesi, daanini swaadheenam chesukuni, akkada nilva chesina biyyanni vaariki pampinhee chesaaru. malabar pratyeka pooliisu dalam bhuswamy abhyardhana meraku "karshaka sangham" nayakudu kunnikkannan thoo sahaa swachchanda sevakulanu arrestu chesindi. eee arrestlaku vyatiraekamgaa nirasanaga, prajalu swachchanda sevakulanu pooliisu custodylo unchina pradaesaaniki kavaatu chesaaru. pooliisulu ooregimpupai kaalpulu praarambhinchaaru, dheeni phalitamgaa 1948 udyamamlo payyanur farca loe modati amaraveerudu ayina pokan anae harijan yuvakudu maraninchaadu.

