wang huizu

wang huizu (1731-1807) chaina yokka quing raajavamsamlo oka chainees panditudu-adhikaarika, nyaayavetta, charitrakaarudu mariyu naitikavaadi. ayana saamaajika, sthaanika paalana samasyalapai vyakhyaatagaa, nyaya vyavaharalalo dayanu bodhinche nirvahakudu kooda.
prarambha jeevitam.
wang huizu 21 janavari 1731naa diguva-yangji loyalo unna jejiang provinceloni siao-shanlo janminchaadu. eee praantam chaina aksharaasyataku kendramgaa mariyu medhoparamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna praantamaina ziangnon unikitho gurtinchabadindi. wang huizu tandri wang kaii honanloni jailuku wardenga panicheesaaru. wang talli kaii yokka umpudugatte. anduvalla, wang huizu sthaanika saahitya unnata vargaaniki chendinadani cheppavacchu. ayithe, wang kaii kaii cantonlo maraninchaadu, wang mariyu athani tallini pramaadamloo padesadu.paristhiti. phalitamgaa, yuva wang paedarikamtoe poradavalasi vachindi.
oka adhikariga jeevitam mariyu vrutti.
vrutti, padahaaru samvatsaraala vayassulo, wang huizu sthaanika sthaayi pareekshalo uttiirnata saadhinchi, anduvalla "shenguan" ("janminchina adhikari") hodaanu pondaadu. eee vijayam nepathyamlo athanu paatasaalalo bodhinchi bodhinchi vivaham chesukunnadu. thana kotta hodaaku krutagnatalu teluputuu, teluputuu jilla nyayaadhikaarulugaa unna thana maama ayina wang sung-minn yokka private karyadarshi ayyadu. wang huizu nyaya vyavaharalalo pratyekata kaligi unnadu, idhi oka private kaaryadarsiki atyanta laabhadaayakamaina empika. athanu muppai naalugu samvatsaraalu nyaya vyavaharalalo kaaryadarsigaa panicheestuunee unnadu, conny jejiang mariyu jiangsu provinceulalo padahaaru ververu adhikaarulaku panicheesaadu.
panicheesaadu, wang huizu praantiiya sthaayi pareekshanu puurti chesaadu, idhi ataniki etthu saarlu viphalamaina tarvaata "juren" ("sifaarsu cheyabadina vyakti") hodaanu ichindi. moodu prayatnaala taruvaata, athanu chivaraku chivaraku sivil servies pareekshalo atyunnata sthaayilo uttiirnata saadhinchi, "jinshi" ("samarpinchina panditudu") hodaaku cherukunnadu.
eee kotta hodha hodha hunan provinceloni ning-yaan jillaaku magistratega niyaminchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. athanu athanu poruguna unna sinn-tien jillaalo magistratega tirigi niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu mariyu davojoulo mallee niyaminchabaddaadu, ellappuduu hunan provincelo. thana aatmakathalo tanaku vyatiraekamgaa kutragaa perkonnanduna perkonnanduna ayana thana padavi nundi tolaginchabaddaaru. nijaaniki, gwiang counteeloo naalugu maanava asthipanjaraalanu pariseelinchamani athani unnataadhikaarulu vaangnu koraru, conny icchina samayamlo avasaramaina vaidya pariseelakudini athanu kanugonalekapoyadu, idhi praja paripalana nundi wang huijunu tolaginchadaaniki praantiiya magistrateku oka kaaranaanni andinchindi. aaa taruvaata, ayana changshalo kontakaalam undipoyaaru, conny chivaraku abhiprayalu") thana sonta jillaalo padavee viramana chesaaru, akkada ayana panditudigaa thana panipai drushti pettaru.
wang huizu aatmakatha pakshavaataaniki gurai 1807 mae modati teedeena maraninchaadu.
scholarship.
nyaayavetta.
quing saamrajyam mugise varaku chaina adhikaarulaku atyunnatamgaa unna praja paripalanaku sambandhinchina rendu maargadarsakaalanu wang huizu raasaaru. modatidi, "tso-shih yavo-yenn", yavo-yenn" wang snehitudu tso ting poe mudrinchaadu. rendavadi, "hsuyeh-chih ii-shuvo" ("abhyasa paripaalanapai abhiprayalu"), abhiprayalu") prachurinchabadindi. eee rendava bhaagamlo, wang county prabhutvampai drushti saarinchi, county nyayaadhikaarulanu vaidyulu, chekka tholubommalu ledhaa pelusugaa unde gaaju theralatho polchadu eee prerepinche poolikalannii aardhikamgaa mariyu janabha paramgaa vistaristunna samajanni nirvahinchadamlo adhikaarula asamarthatanu pratibimbistaayi. chainees sthaanika nirvaahakula dinacharyapai vimarsanaatmaka adhyayanam chestaanani wang huizu thana pustakam mundumaatalo kooda paerkonnaadu. paripalakudi kante panditudu prajalaku chaalaa daggaragaa untaadani, athanu samarthavantamgaa vyavaharinchaalanukunte, mukhyamgaa confucian naitika viluvala vyaaptiki sambandhinchi adhikari panditulapai aadhaarapadaalani ayana abhiprayanni vyaktam chesaaru. suparipalanaku keelakamaina vaatilo okatigaa prajala nyaayasthaanaala vinikidi praamukhyatanu kooda ayana nokki chepparu, mukhyamgaa eee karyakalapam magistrate mariyu athani adhikara paridhilooni pourula madhya pratyaksha sambandhaanni srushtistundi. aaa vishayamlo, nyaayamuurtulu praja samavesalalo kakunda private samavesalalo plantlapy vyaakhyaaninchaalani, samajam vinadaniki mariyu adhe ibbandi tirigi rakunda nirodhinchadaaniki anie wang huizu bhaavistaaru.
wang yokka pani athani taruvaata chaina adhikaarulandarikii chaalaa prabhaavavantamgaa undhi, athani maargadarsakulaku gananeeyamaina naitika konam undani khandinchalemu. udaaharanaku, wang nyayam yokka karunagala drushtini samarthistaadu. sivil servies pareekshallo moesagaadini bahirangamgaa bahirgatam cheyamani teerpu icchina jhang anae pratyekinchi kathinamaina magistrate yokka prati-udaaharananu ayana pratyaekamgaa istaaru. pareekshala kaaranamgaa thana sikshanu vaida veyaalani rendovadu koraadu. magistrate niraakarinchadamtho, mosagadu vaduvu aatmahatya chesukundi, aaa yuvakudu vidudalainappudu, athanu kooda aatmahatya chesukunnadu. anduvalla, vaakyalanu maanava karuna (quing) suutram dwara mruduvugaa cheyaalani wang nirdhaarinchaadu.
charitrakaarudu.
wang huizu thana jeevitaantam charitra patla balamaina aasaktini penchukunnadu. charitrakaarudigaa ayana vaastavikata emitante, chaaritraka saadhanalugaa suuchikalu vanti aacharanaatmaka parikaraala praamukhyatanu ardham chesukunnaru. charitra patla aayanaku unna abhiruchi abhiruchi beijingloo konugolu chesina "hohn-shu" (maajee hohn raajavamsam charitra) nundi udbhavinchi undavacchu. nijaaniki, thana chaalaa niraadambaramaina saamaajika muulaalanu batti, eee samayaniki mundu charitra gurinchi telusukovadaaniki aayanaku khachitamgaa avakaasam labhinchaledu. eee modati konugolu nepathyamlo, wang mottam iravai naalugu rajavamsa charitrala kaapeelanu konugolu chesi, eee grandhaalalo edurkonna anni jeevita charitralanu aravai naalugu samputaalalo suuchikagaa sankalanam chesaaru. chesaaru prachurinchabadina "shih-singh yun-peane" anie piluvabade eee suuchika quing yugamlo chaina charitra adhyayanaaniki keelakamaindi. athanu chainees raajavamsaala charitralalo kanipinche paryaayapadaalatoo vyavaharinchae "chiyu-shih tung hsing-ming lueh" mariyu "liao chinn yuvan shaan-sih tung hsing-ming luu" anae rendu itara suuchikala dwara thana atyanta pramukha bhaganni kooda puurti chesaadu. avi varusaga 1790 mariyu 1796 mariyu mariyu mudrinchabaddaayi, prarambha yuvan raajavamsam charitrapai chaaritraka vimarsha ayina "yuvan shih penn-cheng" paie wang huizu panicheesaaru.
aatmakatha.
aatmakatha, wang huizu "ping-taa-meng-henn luu" ("anaarogya mancham nundi kalala jaadalu") anae paerutoe thana aatmakatha rayadam praarambhinchaadu. athanu dheenini modatisaarigaa modatisaarigaa prachurinchaadu, conny 1806 varaku kramam tappakunda susampannam chestune unnadu mariyu athani kumaarulu vaari tandri maranam taruvaata kooda daanini nimpadam konasaaginchaaru. eee autogiography chainaalooni saahitya taragati jeevitampai samacharanni andistundi, conny praja paripaalanapai kooda, mukhyamgaa magistratega wang paatra gurinchi kooda samacharanni andistundi. athanu vyaajyaala kante sangharshanhala parishkaaramlo madhyavartitvam kosam vaadistaadu. adhikaarika teerpu yokka udaaharananu teesukunte, teesukunte ning-yaan counteeloo unnappudu, pratiroojuu tanaku labhinche rendu vandala maidaanaalalo, saadhaaranamgaa padhi matrame adhikaarika daavaaku daariteesaayani wang huizu manaku chebutaaru. idhi, chaalaa sandarbhaalalo, poura nyayanni nirdhaarinchadaaniki madhyavartitvaanni upayoginchaarani, idhi saamaajika saantini kaapaadukoovadaaniki anukuulamaina margamani choopistundi.
ayinappatikee, chaalaa mandhi saahityavettalu saahityamlo, mukhyamgaa kavitvamlo nimagnamayyaru, idhi wang huizu vishayamlo jaragaledu. edemaina, athanu kianlong chakravarthy, shavo chinn-hohn, liu chu-cavo ledhaa bibliophile pavo ting-poe aadhvaryamlo "naalugu treasuryla puurti library" nuu praarambhinchina charitrakaarudu jhang shucheng mariyu juu yun vanti itara chainees panditulatoe sampradimpulu jaripaadu.
naitikavaadi.
wang huizu kooda oka naitikavaadi, athanu mukhyamgaa kutumba-jeevita nirvahana kosam "shuwang jiatang angsun" ("pavitramaina vitantuvulanu pratishtinche haall nundi saadhaarana suutraalu") anae handbooknu roopondinchaadu. sadgunavanturaalaina, pavitramaina bharyaku thana namuunaanu prerepinchina iddaru mahilalu thana talli mariyu thana tandri rendava bhaarya anie wang raasaaru. eee pustakam ayana kumaarulanu bhavishyat pitrusvaamyulugaa vidyaavantulanu cheyadaaniki ankitam cheyabadindi. oka kutumbam yokka samatulyata, mukhyamgaa daani mahilala dharmam, "junjang yushu" ("kutumba peddala kramasikshana") paie aadharapadi untundani ayana nokkichepparu.

