
stevens yokka adhikara chattam

stevens shakti chattam anedi manasika bhouthika saastramlo saareeraka uddeepanalo perigina teevrata ledhaa balam mariyu uddeepana dwara srushtinchabadina anubhootilo grahinchina parimaanam perugudala madhya anubhavika sambandham. idhi tarachugaa webber-fetchner niyamanni adhigamistundani bhaavistaaru, idhi uddeepana mariyu anubhooti madhya samvargamaanam sambandhampai aadharapadi untundi, endukante shakti chattam sunna teevrata varaku vistruta shreni indriya polikalanu vivaristundi.
eee siddhaantaaniki psychophysist stanley smith stevens (1906-1973) paeru pettaru. 19va sataabdapu parisoedhakulu adhikara chattam yokka aalochananu suuchimchinappatikii, stevens chattanni punaruddharinchi, 1957loe daaniki maddatugaa manasika bhouthika dayta yokka samuuhaanni prachurinchina ghanata pondaadu.
chattam yokka saadhaarana roopam
ikkada "i" anedi bhouthika unitlalo (shakti, baruvu, peedanam, mishrama nishpattulu modalainavi) uddeepana yokka teevrata ledhaa balam.), si ("i") anedi uddeepana dwara prerepinchabadina anubhooti yokka parimaanam, "a" anedi uddeepana ledhaa indriya paddhati rakampai aadharapadi unde ghaataankam, mariyu "k" anedi upayoginchina unitlapy aadharapadi unde anupaata sthiraamkam.
sthaanika psychophysics, ikkada uddeepanalanu 50 saatam sambhaavyatatoo matrame vivaksha cheyavachu, mariyu prapancha psychophysics, ikkada uddeepanalanu daadaapu khachitatvamto sarigga vivaksha cheyavachu (loose & crumhans, 1988) madhya vyatyaasam choopabadindi. webber-fetchner chattam mariyu paddhatulu l dwara vivarinchabaddaayi. ell. thurstone saadhaaranamgaa sthaanika psychophysicslo vartinchabadutundi, ayithe stevens paddhatulu saadhaaranamgaa prapancha psychophysicslo vartinchabadataayi.
kudivaipuna unna pattika stevens nivedinchina ghaataankaalanu jabita chestundi.
paddhatulu.
uddeepana yokka grahinchina teevratanu kolavadaniki stevens upayoginche pradhana paddhatulu "parimaana anchanaa" mariyu "parimaana utpatti". oka pramaanamtho parimaana anchanaalo, prayogakudu "praamaanikam" anie piluvabade uddeepananu pradarsistaadu mariyu daaniki "modulus" anie piluvabade sankhyanu ketayistadu. tadupari uddeepanala kosam, anubhoothulu mariyu sankhya anchanaala madhya nishpattini kaapaadataaniki (udhaa.zii.praamaanikam kante rendu retlu biggaraga grahinchina dhwanini modulus kante rendu retlu sankhya ivvali). praamaanikam lekunda parimaana anchanaalo (saadhaaranamgaa kevalam "parimaana anchanaa"), subjectlu tama sonta pramaanaanni enchukoovadaaniki swechchagaa untaaru, modati uddeepanaku mariyu anni tadupari vatiki edainaa sankhyanu ketayistaru, anubhoothulu mariyu sankhyala madhya nishpatti samrakshinchabadaali. parimaana utpattilo oka sankhya mariyu oka suuchana uddeepana ivvabadutundi mariyu vishayalu aaa sankhya rettimpu suuchanagaa bhaavinche uddeepananu utpatti chestaayi. cross-modality matching" kooda upayoginchabadutundi, indulo saadhaaranamgaa kaanti yokka prakaasam vanti oka bhouthika parimaanam yokka parimaanaanni marche amsaalu untaayi, tadwara daani grahinchina teevrata vecchadanam ledhaa peedanam vanti maroka rakamaina parimaanam yokka grahinchina teevrataku samanamga untundi.
vimarsalanu.
stevens saadhaaranamgaa bahula pariseelakula nundi parimaana anchanaa daetaanu sekarinchi, vishayaala antataa daetaanu sagatuna sekarinchi, aapai daetaaku power functionnu amarcharu. saadhaaranamgaa saripoladam sahetukamainadi kabatti, adhikara chattam sarainadani ayana nirdhaarinchaaru.
stevens vidhanam shakti chattam yokka pratyaksha pareekshanu ledhaa parimaana anchanaa/utpatti paddhati yokka antarleena oohalanu andinchaduh idhi kevalam dayta paayintlaku vakrarekhalaku saripotundani pradhana vimarsha. adanamgaa, power laa nuu webber-fetchner lagarithmic function (maake, 1963) nundi ganitasaastraparamgaa oohinchavachhu, mariyu sambandham daetaaku anugunamgaa anchanaalanu chestundi (staddon, 1978). anni cycometric adhyayanala maadirigaane, stevens vidhanam uddeepana-anubhooti sambandhamlo vyaktigata vyatyaasaalanu vismaristundi, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa eee sambandhamlo pedda vyaktigata thedaalu unnaayi, ivi sagatu dayta aspashtamgaa untundi.
stevens yokka pradhana vaadana emitante, parimaana anchanaalu/utpattulanu upayoginchi prativaadulu nishpatti sthaayilo (i.ii.icchina nishpatti sthaayilo "x" mariyu "y" viluvalu ayithe, appudu "x" = "ky") anae sthiraamkam "k" untundi. swayamsiddha manasika bhouthika shaastram sandarbhamlo, eee prakatanaku sambandhinchina antarleena oohanu sangrahinche pareekshinchadagina lakshanaanni roopondinchaaru. pratyaekamgaa, rendu nishpattulu "p" mariyu "q", mariyu moodu uddeepanalaku, "x", "y", "z", "y" nuu "p" saarlu "x" gaa nirnayinchinatlayithe, "z" nuu "q" saarlu "y" gaa nirnayiste, appudu "t" = "pq" saarlu "x" "" z "kuu samanamga undaali. prativaadulu sankhyalanu dhruveekarinche vidhamgaa ardham chesukuntaarani anukodaniki idhi samanam. eee aasti nissandehamgaa tiraskarinchabadindi (,). sankhyala yokka dhruvikarana vivarananu oohinchakundaa, maroka lakshanaanni roopondinchaaru, antey, nilakadaga unte, prativaadulu nishpatti scale teerpulu ivvagalarani ardham, antey, "y" nuu "p" saarlu "x" gaa nirnayinchinatlayithe, "z" nuu "q" saarlu "y" gaa nirnayistaaru, mariyu "y" nuu "q" saarlu "x" gaa nirnayinchinatlayithe, "z" nuu "p" saarlu "y" gaa nirnayistaaru, appudu "z" anedi "z" kuu samanamga undaali. eee aasti vividha paristhitulalo konasaginchabadindi (,).
adhikara chattam yokka vimarsakulu kooda chattam yokka praamaanikata sambandhita prayogaalalo upayoginche grahinchina uddeepana teevrata yokka kolatapai aadharapadi untundani etthi chuupaaru. prativaadula sankhya vakreekarana paniteeru mariyu manasika bhouthika vidhulanu vaeru cheyagala paristhitiloo, manasika bhouthika paniteeru shakti paniteeruku samaanamaina pravartanaa paristhitini roopondinchaaru. prativaadulalo sagaaniki paiga eee paristhiti nirdhaarinchabadindi, mariyu migilina vaariki vidyut roopam sahetukamaina anchanaga kanugonabadindi.
idhi kooda prashninchabadindi, mukhyamgaa signal detection siddhaantam paramgaa, edainaa uddeepana vaastavaaniki oka nirdishta mariyu "sampoorna" grahinchina teevratatoo mudipadi undaa; i.ii. sandarbhochita karakalu mariyu paristhitula nundi swatantramainadi. dheeniki anugunamgaa, loose (1990, p. 73) "biggaraga teerpu ivvadamlo nepathya sabdam vanti sandarbhaalanu pravesapettadam dwara, parimaana anchanaa vidhula aakaram khachitamgaa shakti function nundi teevramgaa maarutundi" anie gamaninchaaru. nijaaniki, daadaapu anni indriya teerpulanu oka uddeepana grahinchina sandarbham dwara maarchavacchu.

