
gowravam

gowravam (commonwealth inglish) ledhaa gowravam (american inglish; spelling thedaalu chudandi) anedi oka vyakti mariyu samajam madhya oka bandham yokka aalochana, idhi saamaajika bodhana mariyu vyaktigata neethi rendinti yokka vyakti yokka naanhyata, idhi oka pravartanaa niyamaavaligaa vyaktamavutundi mariyu shouryam, shourya, nijayiti mariyu karuna vanti vividha amsaalanu kaligi untundi. idhi oka vyakti ledhaa kutumbam, paatasaala, regiment ledhaa desham vanti samsthala saamaajika sthithi mariyu sweeya-moolyaankanam rendintinee prabhaavitam chese arhata mariyu gouravapradamaina naanhyatanu kaligi unna oka nairoopya bhavana. tadanugunamgaa, vyaktulu (ledhaa samsthalu) oka nirdishta gourava niyamaavalitoe vaari charyala samarasyam mariyu samajam yokka naitika niyamaavali aadhaaramgaa viluva mariyu sthaayini ketayistaru.
samuel johnson, thana "eah dictionary off dhi inglish longuage" (1755) loe, gowravaanni aneka indriyaalanu kaligi undatam anie nirvachinchaaru, veetilo modatidi "aatma yokka prabhuvu, goppatanamu mariyu neechatvaanni nindinchadam".
eee vidhamaina gowravam, daanitoe sampannamaina vyakti yokka sadguna pravartana mariyu vyaktigata samagrata nundi udbhavistundi. marovaipu, johnson "keerti" mariyu "keerti" thoo sambandhamlo gowravaanni kooda nirvachinchaaru; "hodha ledhaa janma yokka adhikaralu", mariyu "oka vyaktini samajikamga unche mariyu athani praadhaanyata hakkunu nirnayinche rakamaina" gowravam ". eee vidhamaina gowravam tarachugaa naitika ledhaa naitika shreshtata yokka vidhi kaadu, endukante idhi shakti yokka parinaamam. chivaraku, laingikataku sambandhinchi, "gowravam" saampradayakamgaa "pavitrata" ledhaa "kanyatvam" ledhaa vivaahita purushulu mariyu mahilala vishayamlo "viswasaneeyata" thoo mudipadi untundi (ledhaa okela untundi). gowravaanni oka sanketamgaa kakunda vaakchaturyamgaa ledhaa saadhyamayye charyala samitigaa chudalani kondaru vaadinchaaru.
saamaajika sandarbham.
gowravaanni pravartanaa niyamaavaligaa oka saamaajika samuuhamloo oka vyakti yokka vidhulanu nirvachistundi. gourava aadhaarita samaajamlo "oka vyakti itara vyaktula drushtilo athanu ledhaa aame elaa untaro adhe" anie margaret visser gamaninchaadu. gourava niyamaavali anedi samajikamga nirvachinchabadina mariyu nyaayaaniki sambandhinchina chattaparamaina niyamaavali nundi bhinnamgaa untundi, aaa gowravamlo spashtamaina mariyu objectified kakunda avyaktamgaa untundi.
gowravaanni gowravam nundi vaeru cheyavachu, idhi oka samajam yokka teerpuku vyatiraekamgaa kakunda oka vyakti yokka manassakshi kii vyatiraekamgaa kolustaaru. mukham" anae saamaajika bhavananu kooda polchandi.
prarambha madhyayuga kaalamlo, oka prabhuvu ledhaa mahila yokka gowravam athanu ledhaa aame kaligi unna purushulu ledhaa bhoomula samuuham. "eee padam modata oka estatenu suuchistuu upayoginchabadindi, idhi daani holderku gowravam mariyu hodaanu ichindi."oka vyakti" naa gouravaartham "anie cheppadam anedi athani ledhaa aame samagrata mariyu hodaaku dhruvikarana matrame kaadu, conny aaa padabandham venuka unna nijam antey athanu ledhaa aame estatelanu pratigna mariyu hamiga ivvadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaarani ardham".
aadhunika paaschaatya deshaalalo gowravam anae bhavana praamukhyata ksheeninchinatlu kanipistundi; vyaktigata sandarbhamlo manassakshi daani sthaanamlo undhi, mariyu chatta paalana (andulo nirvachinchina hakkulu mariyu vidhulatho) saamaajika sandarbhamlo swaadheenam chesukundi. prajaadarana pondina moosapotilu marinta sampradaaya-kattubadi samskrutulalo marinta khachitamgaa manugada saagistaayi (udhaa.zii. pashtun, dakshina italian, polish, pertian, turkish, arab, iberian, "paatha dakshina" ledhaa dixie) oriyantalijanku samaanamaina avagaahanalo. puurva-aadhunika samajalu samakaaleena paarisraamika samaajaala kante ekkuvagaa "gowravinche" dhoranini kaligi undavacchu. conterbury yokka seyint unselm (c. 1033-1109) "curr dues homo" loe devuni gowravaanni pratipaadinchadaaniki thana sonta bhuswamya samajam nundi gowravam anae bhavananu vistarinchaadu.
sainika (sevalandistunna adhikarulu gourava nyaayasthaanaanni nirvahinchavacchu) vanti saampradaaya samsthalalo mariyu scouting samsthalu (ivi "gourava nyaayasthaanaalu" kooda kaligi untaayi) vanti sainika neethi kaligina samsthalalo gowravam yokka praamukhyataku praadhaanyata undhi.
laingikata vishayamlo gowravam tarachugaa, chaaritraatmakamgaa, viswasaneeyataku sambandhinchinadih "gowravam" parirakshana anedi pradhanamgaa ontari kanyatvaanni nirvahinchadaaniki mariyu migilina janabhalo pratyaekamaina ekaswaamyaaniki samanam. eee rakamaina gowravam yokka marinta bhavanalu samskrutula madhya vistrutamgaa maarutuu untaayi; konni samskrutulu okari swantha kutumba sabhyula (ekkuvagaa mahilaa) gourava hatyalanu, saadhaaranamgaa erpaatu chesina vivaahamloki pravesinchadaaniki niraakarinchadam, vivaham velupala laingika sambandham pettukovadam, anuchitamainavigaa bhaavinche margallo dustulu dharinchadam ledhaa swalinga samparka sambandhaalalo palgonadam ledhaa atyaachaaraaniki gurainatlu kooda bhaavinchadam vanti kaaranaala valla, kutumba korikalaku vyatiraekamgaa vivaham chesukovadam dwara vyaktulu "kutumba gowravaanni apavitram" chesinatlayithe, nyayabaddhamgaa bhaavistaayi. paaschaatya pariseelakulu saadhaaranamgaa eee gourava hatyalanu stree laingikatanu niyantrinchadaaniki gourava samskrutini upayoginche purushula maargamgaa chuustaaru.
charmakarulu, urivesevaaru, samadhi-dongalu, gorrela kaaparulu, mangali-sarjanlu, millarlu, naara-netha kaarmikulu, mokkajonna-goddali chesevaaru, marugudodlu-shubhraparichevaaru mariyu bailiflu mariyu vaari kutumbaalu prarambha aadhunika german samaajamlo "avamaanakaramaina prajalu" ("unhrillic leat").
chattam nundi saamskrutika vyatyaasam.
vividha saamaajika saastravettalu mariyu maanava saastravettalu gourava samskrutulanu chatta samskrutulatoe vibhedinchaaru. chatta samskruti anedi chattaala yokka oka samsthanu kaligi untundi, idhi samaajamlooni sabhyulandaruu ullanghinchina vaariki sikshalatoe paatinchaali. dheeniki chattalanu amalu cheyadaaniki avasaramaina nirmaanaalatoo kuudina samajam avasaram. chattam yokka samskruti oka saamaajika oppandaanni kaligi untundih samaajamlooni sabhyulu tamanu taamu rakshinchukovadaaniki mariyu gaayaala kosam prateekaaram teerchukoovadaaniki vaari swechcha yokka konni amsaalanu vadulukuntaaru, samajam atikramanadaarulanu pattukuni sikshistundani ardham chesukovadam.
prabhutva chattaala amaluku pratyaamnaayam saamaajika nibandhanala yokka community ledhaa vyaktigata amalu.
gourava vidhulu nirvahinche oka maargam pratishtaku pradhana karakamga untundi. oppandaala amaluku haamii ivvadaaniki balaprayogaaniki adhikaram ichhe kortu laeni vyavasthalo, lavadevi bhaagaswaamula madhya vishwaasaanni prothsahinchadaaniki gouravapradamaina keerti chaalaa viluvainadi. oka oppandaanni agouravaparachadam aardhikamgaa vinaasakaramainadi kaavacchu, endukante bhavishyat sambhaavya lavadevila bhaagaswaamulandaruu abaddham cheppakudadani, vaari dabbu ledhaa vastuvulanu dongilinchakudadani, runaalanu tirigi chellinchakudadani, vaaru vivaham chesukunna pillalatho durviniyogam cheyakudadani, itara vyaktulatoe pillalanu kaligi undakudadani, vaari pillalanu vidichipettaalani ledhaa avasaramainappudu sahayam andinchadamlo viphalamavvaalani paarteeni viswasinchadam maaneyavachhu. avamaanakaramaina vyaktini chedu pravartananu sikshinchadaaniki mariyu itarulaku vaari gowravaanni konasaaginchadaaniki prothsaahakaanni srushtinchadaaniki oka maargamgaa samajam dhooram cheyavachu.
okari gowravam prasninchabadithe, edainaa tappudu aaropanalu ledhaa apavaadulanu niroopinchadam mukhyam kaavacchu. konni samskrutulalo, sakshyam mariyu vaastavaalanu vastunishtamgaa parigananaloki teesukovadam dwara kakunda balavantamgaa ledhaa naipunhyamtho bhouthika aadhipatyam dwara ayinappatikee, atuvanti vivaadaalanu drudhamgaa parishkarinchadaaniki dvandvayuddham yokka abhyasam udbhavinchindi.
okari pillalaku andinchadam mariyu kramasikshana ivvadam, yuddha samayamlo sainyamlo seva cheyadam, moulika sadupaayaalanu nirminchadam vanti sthaanika saamuuhika prajectulaku thodpadatam ledhaa okariki neerugaa haani kaliginche charyalaku prateekaaramgaa prateekaaram teerchukovadam vanti konni charyalanu nirvahinchadam kooda gowravaanni suuchistumdi.
kutumba gowravam.
vyaktigata gowravam anae bhavananu kutumba gowravaaniki vistarinchavacchu, idhi saamaajika nibandhanalanu rendu vidhaluga anusarinchadaaniki prothsaahakaalanu balaparustundi. modatidi, avamaanakaramaina charyala parinaamaalu (aatmahatya ledhaa maranaaniki daariteese dopidi prayatnam vantivi) nerasthudini adhigamistaayi mariyu vaaru bahusha shraddha vahinche kutumba sabhyulanu pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam chestaayi. rendavadi, kutumbamloni oka sabhyudu durviniyogam chesinappudu, kutumbamloni itara sabhyulu samaja nibandhanalanu balamgaa amalu cheyadaaniki prothsahinche sthithilo untaaru.
balamaina gourava samskrutulalo, kattubadi laeni vaarini balavantamgaa ledhaa ottidiki gurichesi, kattubadi undataaniki mariyu ullanghinchevaarini saareerakamgaa ledhaa maanasikamgaa shikshinchavachhu. himsanu upayoginchadam anedi daani swabhaavamlo saamuhikamgaa undavacchu, ikkada chaalaa mandhi bandhuvulu kalisi vyavaharistaaru. atyanta teevramaina sikshagaa gourava hatyanu pariganistaaru. kutumba sthaayilo dwandwa poraatam mariyu prateekaaram anedi nirantara vairaniki daariteestundi.
gourava-aadhaarita samskrutulanu gourava-avamaana samskrutulu anie kooda pilustaaru mariyu samskrutula aparaadha-avamaana-bhaya varnapatampai aparaadha samskrutulatoe viruddhamgaa untaayi.
gourava samskrutulu tarachugaa sampradaayavaadamainavi, puurva-aadhunika saampradaaya kutumba viluvalu mariyu vidhulanu suuchistaayi. konni sandarbhaallo eee viluvalu laingika anantara viplavam mariyu samanatva samaajaalato gharshana padataayi. dheeniki jaagarana ledhaa vyaktigata nyayam teesukovadampai nishedham jodinchandi, chatta samskrutulu konnisaarlu gourava samskrutulalo aacharalanu anaitikamgaa ledhaa maanava hakkula chattaparamaina bhavana ullanghanagaa pariganistaayi.
udaaharanalu.
charitrakaarulu mukhyamgaa dakshina americaloni gourava samskrutini pariseelinchaaru. saamaajika saastravettalu britanloni dakshinasia muslimla vanti pratyeka upasamskrutini pariseelinchaaru. itarulu aneka aadhunika deshaalanu poolchaaru.
maanava saastravettala drukkonam nundi, gourava samskrutulu saadhaaranamgaa sanchaara prajalalo mariyu tama atyanta viluvaina aastini tamatho teesukellina pasuvula kaaparulalo kanipistaayi mariyu chatta amalu ledhaa prabhutvaaniki sahayam cheyakunda, daanini dongilinche pramaadam undhi. balamaina samsthalu lekapovadam valla, vaegamgaa mariyu asamaanamaina prateekaaram kosam khyaatini pempondinchukovadam anedi okari vyakti yokka bhadratanu mariyu dookudugaa vyavaharinchaevaari nundi aastini penchutundi. plato nundi montesque varaku unna aalochanaaparulu gourava samskruti kosam avasaramaina manastatvaanni gurinchi vyakhyaaninchaaru.
richard nissbet prakaram, moodu paristhitulu unnappudu gourava samskrutulu tarachugaa talettutaayih
chaaritraatmakamgaa, jantuvula pempakam aardhika vyavasthapai aadhipatyam chelaayinche pradaesaalaloo gourava samskrutulu unnaayi. eee paristhitiloo. bhougolikam saadhaaranamgaa vistrutamainadi, endukante matti teevramaina nirantara vyavasaayaaniki maddatu ivvadu, anduvalla pedda janabha; itara mandala nundi jantuvulanu dongilinchadam valla prayojanam ekkuvagaa untundi, endukante jantuvulu sampada yokka pradhana roopam; mariyu kendra chatta-amalu ledhaa chatta paalana ledhu. ayithe, aadhunika nagara lopali murikivaadalu vanti pradaesaalaloo kooda gourava samskrutulu kanipistaayi. ikkada kooda moodu paristhitulu unnaih vanarula korata (pedarikam); chaalaa parimita pratyaamnaayaalato poliste neeraalu mariyu dongatanaalaku adhika pratiphalaalu unnaayi; mariyu chatta amalu saadhaaranamgaa nirlakshyamgaa ledhaa avineetiparudigaa untundi.
oka samaajamlo gourava samskruti unikilo unna tarvaata, daani sabhyulu chatta samskrutiki maaradam kashtamgaa bhaavistaaru, dheeniki prajalu venakki taggadaaniki siddhamgaa undi, ventane prateekaaram teerchukoovadaaniki niraakarinchaalsina avasaram undhi, mariyu gourava samskruti drukkonam nundi, gurtinchina avamanamu vyaktigata samyamaanni chaalaa kashtataram chestundi, endukante idhi balaheenata mariyu odaarpunu pratibimbistumdi.
chaaritraatmakamgaa raayal kenadian mounted pooliisula (mountees) paridhi velupala unna samajalalo janminchina prastuta kenadiyanlu vaari pravartananu nadipinche himsaatmaka gourava niyamaavalini vaarasatvamgaa pondinatlu oka patrika kanugondi.
1812 yuddham.
charitrakaarudu norman resjord 1812 yuddhaaniki kaaranamaina gourava praamukhyatanu nokki chepparu, idhi united states daani marinta saktivantamaina naukaadalam mariyu sainika balam unnappatikee britanku vyatiraekamgaa praarambhinchindi. prati raajakeeya shreniki chendina americanlu jaateeya gowravaanni samarthinchaalsina avasaranni chuusaaru, mariyu united statesnu britton moodava taragati anagarikamga pariganinchadaanni tiraskarinchaaru. pratispandanagaa balaprayogam avasaram gurinchi americanlu nirantaram matladukunnaru. gowravaanni kaapaadukodaaniki eee anveshana yuddhaaniki pradhana kaaranam, vaanijya prayojanaalalo paalgonani ledhaa bharatiya daadi dwara bedirinchabadina chaalaa mandhi americanlu jaateeya gourava parirakshananu gattiga aamodinchaaru. juun 1807loe hcms "chiruta" yuu. ess. kuu vyatiraekamgaa chesina avamaanakaramaina daadi oka nirnayaatmaka sanghatana. charitrakaarulu masachusets, ohiyo, pensylvania, tenessito paatu michigaon bhuubhaagamtoe sahaa aneka rashtraallo prajabhipraayaanni roopondinchadamlo gowravam yokka praamukhyatanu namodu chesaaru. mukhyamgaa nyuu orleenslo pradhana british dandayaatra sainyam yokka adbhutamaina otami american gourava bhavanni punaruddharinchina taruvaata, americanlu yuddham mugimpunu vijayavantamgaa jarupukunnaru. 
british vaaru american gowravaanni gowravinchaaru. "americaku konni balamaina prasamsalu mariyu american gowravam, pratishta mariyu adhikaram kosam yuva ganatantram saadhinchina vatiki vegavantamaina gurtimpu british naavikaadala vargaala nundi vachindi."britton american samudra prayojanaalalo jokyam chesukovadam maanukundi mariyu yuddham taruvaata american pourula prabhaavamtho aagipoyindi.
united states off americalo puurvasthiti.
gourava samskruti yuddha pramaadaanni penchutundani 2016 adhyayanam suuchistumdi. U kinda antarjaateeya sangharshanhalu unnayani adhyayanam kanugondi.ess. desamloni dakshinaana perigina adhyakshulu "balaprayogam chese avakaasam rendu retlu ekkuvagaa unnatlu choopabadindi, sagatuna rendu retlu ekkuva kaalam untundi, mariyu dakshinaadi kaani adhyakshula krinda vivaadaala kante united states vijayamlo mugise avakaasam moodu retlu ekkuva. dakshina presidencyla yokka itara lakshanaalu eee phalitaala namuunaaku kaaranamani anipinchadu."

