
mindon minn

mindon minn (,; 1808-1878), moung lwin gaa janminchina, 1853 nundi 1878 varaku barma (mayanmar) yokka chivari raaju. athanu barma yokka atyanta prajaadarana pondina mariyu gouravaneeyamaina raajulalo okadu. athani savati sodarudu pagaon raaju aadhvaryamlo, 1852loe rendava aanglo-barmis yuddham british saamrajyam diguva barma swaadheenam chesukovadamto mugisindi. mindon mariyu athani tammudu kanung vaari savati sodarudu anyamata raajunu padagottaru. athanu thana paalanalo ekkuva bhaagam thana desamloni eguva bhaganni british aakramanala nundi rakshinchadaaniki mariyu thana rajyaanni aadhuneekarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu.
prarambha jeevitam.
1808loe tharawadi minn mariyu dakshina raaja gadhi raani chandra maataa mahay kumarudu mindon "mong lwin" gaa janminchaadu. athanu 23 samvatsaraala vayassu varaku amarapuraaloni mahaa javtika matha kalasalalo chaduvukunnadu, mariyu athanu thana jeevitaantam matam mariyu mataparamaina paandityaanni gaadamgaa gowravinchaadu.
mindon british niyantrana needalo perigaadu-1853 natiki, athani pattaabhisheka samvatsaram, burma samoola maarpula dwara vellaadu. aracon, uttara bharatadesamloni himalaya rajyalu, irrawadi delta, burmanu digbandham british vileenam kaaranamgaa aahara sarafara biginchindi, odarevula dwara vaanijyam kolpoyindi, saamraajya saktigaa burmanu kothaku gurichesindi, phalitamgaa prapancha marketlo burmanu cherchadam jarigindi. anuvadinchabadina rachanalu mariyu bayati prapancham gurinchi merugaina ghnaanam kaaranamgaa samskarana vaataavaranam erpadindi. adhe samayamlo, british vaariche niyantrinchabadina jaateeya kendram nundi diguva barmaku prajala valasalu, daani shrama mariyu pannula barmanu tagginchaayi.
simhasananni adhishtinchandi.
thana savati sodarudu, anyamata nipunuditho vaarasatvamgaa jarigina raktapaata sangharshana taruvaata mindon simhasananni adhishtinchaadu. anyamatamlo, mindon rashtra mandaliki adhyakshudiga unnaaru, rendava aanglo-barmis yuddham prarambhamainappudu adhyakshata vahinchaaru. athanu yuddham konasaagimpuku vyatiraekamgaa unnadu mariyu aprasiddhamaina odaarpu karyakramanni ishtapaddadu. eee samayamlo mindon yokka atyanta nammakamaina mitrudu athani sodarudu kanung mintha.
1852 navambarulo amarpura, mindon, kanung yokka mayovan, mariyu vaari takshana kutumbam mariyu nilupudaladaarulu vaari puurveekudu, raaju alungpaya yokka sthaanamaina shweboku paaripoyi, mindon mariyu kanungnu varusa dopidiilaloo chikkinchadaaniki kutra pannaru. british vaaritho yuddham rendu-frontla yuddhamgaa maarindi, mariyu anyamata sabha twaragaa kuppakoolindi, cucma mariyu yengyang yokka mayojaalu mindon mariyu kanungnu rajadhani avaloki ekagreevamgaa nadavadaniki anumatinchaayi. eee vidhamgaa mindon 1853 fibravari 18naa "thiri tudamma tilavka pawara mahaa dhamma rajadiraja" anae raajanaamtho simhasananni adhishtinchaadu.
prarambha paalana.
mindon yokka prarambha paalanalo kanung thoo ummadi paalana undedi, athanu oka pedda nyaayasthaanaaniki anumatinchabaddaadu mariyu mindon yokka varasudiga niyaminchabaddaadu, alaage saanketikata, aadhuneekarana mariyu kalala vishayaalapai niyantrana ivvabadindi. mindon simhasana venuka kooda athani pradhana raani mariyu athani naluguru pradhana salahaadaarulu-magway, talun, maidang mariyu pahkaangyeela myojaalu, rendodi mindon yokka maajee sikshakudu, aayanaku mindon simhasananni adhishtinchaadu. eee kotta prabhutvaaniki shaan yuvarajulu vidheyata pramaanaalu, alaage chaineeyula nundi bahumatulu icchaaru.
simhasananni adhishtinchina ventane, mindon british vaaritho kaalpula viramanaku velli, 1853 juun 30naa amalloki vacchaadu. british vaaritho satrutvam mugisinappatikee, mindon ippatikee gananeeyamaina sainika ibbandulanu edurkonnadu, avi conpin vadda tirugubaatu mariyu poruguna unna siam rajyam nundi daadi. 1853 chivaralo, mindon siamese meeda pirrick vijayanni saadhinchaadu, conny vaaru tirigi vachinappudu, athanu phirangula maddatutoe 3,000 aswikadalam pampaadu, idhi chivaraku barmis bhoomipai siamese aakramananu nilipivesindi.
vijayalu.
king mindon 1857loe mandalaaylooni burma chivari raaja rajadhaanini sthaapinchaadu. athani tammudu kanung goppa paripalakudu mariyu aadhunikavadigaa niroopinchabaddaadu. mindon paalanalo, paarisraamika viplavam saadhinchina adbhutamaina purogati gurinchi telusukovadaaniki panditulanu france, italii, united states mariyu grate britainlaku pampaaru.
mindon paalanalo, eee krindi samskaranalu chepattabaddayi raajya antargata paripalana kendrikarana, bureaucrassiki jeetam vyavasthanu pravesapettadam (adhikara yantraangam mariyu aadaayaanni tagginchadaaniki), sthira nyaya rusumu, samagra sikshaatmaka chattalu, aardhika vyavastha punarvyavastheekarana, custom vidhulatho sahaa vaanijya addamkulanu tolaginchadam, "dhathameda" pannula samskarana (pratyaksha pannunu penchadaaniki), mariyu raajya sainyam yokka aadhuneekarana mariyu kotta pooliisu dalaala parichayam.
british library nirvahinchina barmis manuscript (ledhaa 13681) loe "athani paalana modati naalugu samvatsaraalalo vividha pradaesaalaloo king mindon viraalaala yokka edu drushyaalu (1853-57)", oka matham, vishraanti gruhalu mariyu sanyaasulaku bahumatulu unnaayi.
mindon modati yantra-debba naanheelanu burmanku parichayam chesaadu, 1871loe mandalayamlo aidava bouddha mandalini kooda nirvahinchaaru. athanu appatike 1868loe prapanchamlone atipedda pustakaanni, tptaka, palarayilo chekkabadina bouddha paali connon yokka 729 paejeelu mariyu mandala konda diguvana unna kuthoda pagoda vadda oka chinna sthuupamloo unchina prati raathi slaabnu srushtinchaadu.
1871loe mindon, aaa samayamlo british vaaru nirvahinchina yanganlo unna shwedagan pagodaku kotta "hti" ('godugu' ledhaa kireetam bangaaru patakam mariyu viluvaina vajraalu mariyu itara ratnaalatoe kappabadi) nuu kooda viraalamgaa icchaadu, ayithe desamlo atyanta prasiddha mariyu gouravaneeyamaina pagodanu sandarsinchadaaniki atanni anumatinchaledu.
1873 augustu 15naa, aagneya asea yokka mottamodati swadeshi patrika swechcha chattaalalo okataina padihedu articlesnu kooda mindon amalu chesaaru.
1875loe, oka raaja pratishtha vedukalo, mindon "siripavaravijayanantayasa pandita tribavanadyapati mahadhammarajadhiraja" anae birudunu sweekarinchaaru.
suez kaaluva teravadamtho, british vaaritho vaanijyaanni sulabhataram cheyadaaniki mindon aaviri noukalanu sameekarinchaadu.
athani sodarudu kanungnu ippatikee barmis aasaktigala aadhunikavadigaa gurthunchukuntaaru, athanu yantraalu elaa nadustayane daani gurinchi mechaniclatho maatlaadataaniki, challani siitaakaalapu udayam duppati chutti karmaagaaraalaku veltaadu. athanu raaja sainyaniki baadhyata vahinchaadu, saampradayakamgaa barmis yuvarajulaku avasaramainatluga, athanu tupaakulu, firangulu mariyu shellanu digumati chesukuni tayaaru chesaadu.
mataparamaina vaikhari.
mindon thana bouddha bhakti mariyu mataparamaina sahanam kosam prasiddhi chendaadu. bouddhamatam kosam mathaalu mariyu missionary paatasaalalanu nirminchadaaniki ayana sahayam chesaaru. barmaalo sangha-kaani modati paatasaalalanu kraistavulu nadiparu, mariyu mindon swayamgaa thana kumarudu thibav minnu missionary paatasaalalo chaduvukovadaniki pampaadu.
oka pavitramaina bouddhudigaa kooda mindon thana baadhyatanu neraverchukunnadu. athanu buddha saasanaaniki rakshakudiga raaju paatranu punarudghaatinchaadu, 1871loe aidava bouddha mandalini samavesaparichadu mariyu panditudu-sanyaasula panini mariyu bodhinchadaaniki diguva burmaku tirigi raavadaaniki maddatu icchaadu.
rajabhavanam tirugubaatu.
1866loe mindon iddaru kumaarulu, yuvaraju maingun mariyu yuvaraju maingundaying rajabhavana tirugubaatuku prayatninchaaru. yuvaraju kanung anachivetaku paalpaddaadani, tirugubaatu samayamlo kanung hatyaku gurayyadani mayingun paerkonnaadu. mindon sajeevamgaa tappinchukunnadu mariyu maingan british burmanku aavirilo paaripoyinappudu tirugubaatu anichiveyabadindi. british prameyam gurinchi pukaarlu aadharapadavu, mariyu tirugubaatuku vaari maddatunu choopinche aadharalu laevu.
mindon rajabhavanam nundi tappinchukuntonnappudu, athanu hantakudaina mong paik geeni kalusukunnadu, athanu thana naraanni kolpoyi raaju mundu dookaadu. mindon atanni rajabhavanam nundi teesukellamani aadesinchaadu, athanu ventane chesaadu.
vaarasatva sankshobham.
eee tirugubaatu antaryuddhaaniki bhayapadi kanung vaarasudini paeru pettadamlo manasuku chaalaa ayishtatanu kaliginchindi.
athani raanulalo okaraina synbumashine, king mindon chivari rojullo aadhipatyam chelaayinchaadu. simhaasanaaniki dadapuga vaarasulandarinii champamani aadesinchina synbumashine saasanam, tadwara aame kumarte supayalat mariyu alludu thibav raani mariyu raaju avutaaru. maranistunna raaju vaarini veedkolu cheppaalanukunnaarani mosaginchina taruvaata, anni vayasula mariyu rendu lingaala sannihita rajulanu nirdayagaa uriteesaaru.
1878loe athani maranam taruvaata, chinna raani nundi vacchina mindon kumarudu thyba, athani taruvaata vacchaadu. 1885 navambarulo jarigina moodava aanglo-barmis yuddhamlo british vaaru thyba rajuni oodinchaaru, phalitamgaa barma puurtigaa vileenam cheyabadindi.

