zimbabwe bhashalu

zimbabwelo aneka bhashalu matladabadutunnayi ledhaa chaaritraatmakamgaa matladabadutunnayi. zimbabwe 2013 raajyaamgaanni aamodinchinappati nundi, zimbabwelo 16 adhikaarika bhashalu unnaayi, avi cheva, chibarve, inglish, kalamgaa, koisan, nambia, nandaa, endebele, shangani, shona, sanketha bhasha, sotho, tonga, swana, venda, jhosaa. desamloni pradhana bhashalu shona, janabhalo 70 saataaniki paiga matladevaru, mariyu sumaru 20 saatam mandhi matlade nedebele. prabhutvam mariyu vyapaaraalalo mariyu paatasaalallo bodhanaku pradhana maadhyamgaa upayoginche aangla bhasha desamloni bhasha bhasha. chaalaa mandhi tella zimbabwe vaasulaku aanglam modati bhasha, mariyu nalla zimbabwe vaasulalo ekkuva mandiki idhi rendava bhasha. chaaritraatmakamgaa, zimbabwe tellajati janabhalo minority africans, greeku, italian, polish mariyu portugees bhashalanu matladevaru, ayithe desamloni bharatiya janabhalo gujaraatii mariyu hindhi bhashalu kanipistaayi. cheviti zimbabwe vaasulu saadhaaranamgaa zimbabwe sanketha bhasha yokka aneka rakallo okadaanni upayogistaaru, kondaru american sanketha bhashanu upayogistaaru. zimbabwe bhasha dayta anchanaalapai aadharapadi untundi, endukante zimbabwe eppuduu bhasha dwara prajalanu lekkinche janabha ganananu nirvahinchaledu.
adhikaarika bhasha sthithi.
2013 raajyaamgaanni aamodinchinappati nundi, zimbabwelo 16 adhikaarika bhashalu unnaayi, avi cheva, chibarve, inglish, kalamgaa, koisan, nambia, endou, endebele, shangani, shona, sanketha bhasha, sotho, tonga, swana, venda mariyu jhosaa. zimbabwe atyadhika sankhyalo adhikaarika bhaashalatho deshaaniki ginnis prapancha rikaardunu kaligi undhi.
nivedinchabadindi swaatantryaaniki mundu, eee praantamloo tella paalana vachinappati nundi zimbabwe puurveekula adhikaarika bhashaga inglish undedi. 19va sataabdam chivaralo mariyu 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo company-paalana kaalamlo, british dakshinaafrikaa company aanglaanni rhodesia adhikaarika bhashaga sthaapinchindi. paatasaalallo africans bodhananu anumatinchakudadane rhodesian vidhanam gurinchi firyadu chesina oka african setilarku pratispandanagaa pratispandanagaa raasina lekhalo, dakshina rhodesia nirvaahakudi karyadarshi ilaa vraasaaru, "dakshina rhodesia yokka adhikaarika bhasha desham aakraminchinappati nundi aanglam mariyu aanglam... rendava adhikaarika bhashanu gurtinchadaaniki bhuubhaagam yokka chattamlo etuvanti nibandhana ledhu."
ledhu." dakshina rhodesia swayam paalita crown kaalaneega sthaapinchabadinappudu aanglam adhikaarika bhashaga undipoyindi. 1965 nundi 1979 varaku yudi kaalamlo, gurtinchabadani rhodesia raashtraaniki aanglam adhikaarika bhashaga konasaginchabadindi. rhodesia varasudu, swalpakaalikamgaa gurtinchabadani zimbabwe rhodesia rashtram, aangla bhashanu desamloni "ekaika adhikaarika bhasha" gaa perkondi. zimbabwe rhodesia taruvaata nivedinchabadindi zimbabwe vachindi. vachindi lancaster house aggrement loe roopondinchina zimbabwe asalu rajyangam yea adhikaarika bhashala paerlanu perkonaledu. 2013 kotta rajyangam roopondinche samayaniki, inglish, shona mariyu nedebele dhesha adhikaarika bhashaluga marai. zimbabwe paatasaalalu mariyu prabhutvaalato sahaa daani prati adhikaarika bhashanu samanamga prothsahinchaalani rajyangam korutundi.
pradhana bhashalu.
shona.
shona anedi zimbabwe janabhalo sumaru 87 saatam mandhi matlade bantu bhasha, idhi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati. idhi zimbabwe madhya mariyu thoorpu provinceulalo nivasinche zimbabwe yokka shona prajala saampradaaya bhasha. shonalo karamgaa, korekur, manyika, nandou mariyu jejurootho sahaa aneka maandalikaalu unnaayi. praamaanika shona anedi kendra shona maandalikaala nundi, mukhyamgaa karamgaa mariyu jejuru nundi udbhavinchindi. ethnolog prakaram, shona bhashanu sumaru 9.8 millionla mandhi prajalu matladataru, idhi zimbabwelo atyanta vistrutamgaa matlade bantu bhashaga nilichindi. manyika mariyu nandaa maandalikaalu ethnolog dwara vidigaa jabita cheyabaddaayi mariyu varusaga sumaru 1 million mariyu 2.4 millionla mandhi prajalu matladataru. mottam manyika mariyu nandou jodinchinappudu, shona bhashanu 14 millionlaku paiga prajalu matladataru. botswanalo 80,000 mandiki paiga shona matladevaru unnaaru. botswanalo shona adhikaarika bhasha kaanappatikee, ivi pradhanamgaa mamandunyane, tonota, francistowne, selib fickway, gaborne mariyu botswanaloni itara pattanaalu mariyu gramalalo kanipistaayi.
nembaru.
uttara endebele bhasha, kevalam endebele anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi zimbabwe yokka matabeleland praantamlooni uttara endebele prajalu matlade enguni baantu bhasha. nedebele bhasha dakshinaafrikaalooni julu bhaashatho daggari sambandham kaligi undhi, mariyu 19va sataabdamloo zimbabwelo abhivruddhi chendindi, chendindi julu rajyam nundi ippudu zimbabwega unna daaniki jululu valasa vachinappudu. nedu, nedebele janabhalo sumaru 13 saatam mandhi matladataru mariyu idhi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati.
zimbabwe sarihaddulo unna botswanaloni eshaanya bhaagamlo takkuva sankhyalo nedebel matladevaru unnaaru. ayithe, botswanalo nedebel adhikaarika bhasha kaadu.
itara bhashalu.
cheva.
cheva anedi eshaanya zimbabwelo matlade bantu bhasha. konni anchanaala prakaram, idhi shona mariyu endebele taruvaata desamlo vistrutamgaa matlade moodava sthaanika bhasha."zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo cheva okati.
chibarve.
sena anie kooda piluvabade chibarve, zimbabwelo takkuva sankhyalo matladevarito, pradhanamgaa malavi mariyu mosambiclalo kanipinche baantu bhasha. zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo chibarve okati.
kalanga.
kalamgaa anedi vaayuvya zimbabveloni kalamgaa prajalu matlade bantu bhasha. idhi 300,000 mandiki paiga prajalu matlade bhasha, mariyu zimbabwe yokka adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati. 
botswanalo 300,000 mandiki paiga prajalu kalanganu matladataru. ayithe, eee bhasha adhikaarika bhasha kaadu. kalamgaa pradhanamgaa botswana eshaanya bhaagamlo undhi.
coison.
tshwa anie kooda piluvabade koisan, zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati.
kunda.
kunda anedi thoorpu zimbabwe, mashonaland madhya mariyu mashonaland paschima provinceulalo matlade bantu bhasha. matladataru zimbabveloni 1,45,000 mandhi prajalu dheenini matladevaru.
luji.
pradhanamgaa nairuti jambialo matlade baantu bhasha ayina lojeeni sumaru 70,000 mandhi zimbabwe vaasulu matladataru. botswanalo 30,000 mandiki paiga loji/roatsey matladevaru unnaaru. ivi pradhanamgaa kazungula, kasane mariyu zimbabwe, namibia mariyu zambiaku sarihaddulugaa unna chuttupakkala chinna sthaavaraalatho kuudina chobe jillaalo kanipistaayi. ayithe, botswanalo loji adhikaarika bhasha kaadu.
aneka.
manyika aacharanalo shona yokka mandalikam mariyu dheenini zimbabwe vaasulandaruu shonaga bhaavistaaru, ayithe idhi adhikarikamga pratyeka bhashaga jabita cheyabadindi. dheenini zimbabwe yokka thoorpu provins, maanikalyaandloni manika tega, alaage mashonaland thoorpu provincelo matladataru. matladataru, zimbabwelo 861,000 mandhi matladevaru unnaarani anchanaa.
nambya.
nambia anedi vaayuvya zimbabveloni nambia prajalu, mukhyamgaa hwange pattanamlo matlade bantu bhasha. idhi kalanga bhaashatho daggari sambandham kaligi undhi. idhi daadaapu 100,000 mandhi prajalu matlade bhasha, mariyu zimbabwe yokka adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati.
nandu.
nandou anedi baantu bhasha, idhi tarachugaa shona maandalikamgaa pariganinchabadutundi, dheenini aagneya zimbabwe mariyu madhya mosambiclo sumaru 24 laksala mandhi prajalu matladataru. idhi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati.
zimbabwe dakshinaana nandu matladataru
tsonga-shangani.
tsonga anie kooda piluvabade shangani, aagneya zimbabwetho paatu eswatini, mosambic mariyu dakshinaafrikaalo matlade bantu bhasha. idhi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati.
sotho.
sesotho anie kooda piluvabade sotho, pradhanamgaa dakshinaafrikaa mariyu lesotholo matlade baantu bhasha, zimbabwelo takkuva sankhyalo matladevaru unnaaru. idhi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okati. botswanalo tlareselile anae graamamlo takkuva sankhyalo basoto unnaayi; ayithe, idhi botswanalo adhikaarika bhasha kaadu.
tjwao.
tzwao (gatamlo tshwao) anedi zimbabveloni sholotso jillaalo 60 ellu paibadina 20 kante takkuva mandhi prajalu matlade antarinchipothunna kho bhasha. 100 mandhi unna konchem pedda samuuham bhashapai nishkriyaatmaka ledhaa pakshika parignaanam kaligi untundi.
tonga.
jambeji anie kooda piluvabade tonga, dakshina zambia mariyu uttara zimbabwelo 15 laksala mandhi prajalu matlade bantu bhasha. idhi pradhanamgaa tonga prajalu matlade bhasha, mariyu kontamandi zimbabwe prajalaku idhi rendava bhasha. zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo tonga okati.
tswa.
tswa ("jitswa") anedi dakshina mosambiclo aagneya bantu bhasha. dheeniki atyanta sannihita bandhuvulu ronga mariyu tsonga, eee moodu bhashalu swaa-ronga bhashala kutumbaanni yerparustaayi.
swana.
swana anedi zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okataina baantu bhasha.
venda.
zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okataina venda baantu bhasha. idhi dakshina aafrikaaloni uttara bhaagamlo messina chuttoo matladataru, ayithe zimbabwelo, idhi limpopo nadhi yokka dakshina praantamloo saadhaaranam.
xhoza.
jhosaa anedi oka nguni baantu bhasha, idhi saadhaaranamgaa dakshinaafrikaalo kanipistundi, dheenini sumaru 2,00,000 mandhi zimbabwe vaasulu matladataru, idhi janabhalo 1 saataaniki konchem ekkuva. zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo jhosaa okati. "ishe comborera africa", maajee zimbabwe jaateeya geetam, oka jhosaa shlokam aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi. botswanalo bickway anae graamamlo mariyu mahalapi graamamlooni jhosaa vaardulo swalpa sankhyalo jhosaa kanipistundi. botswanalo jhosaa adhikaarika bhasha kaadu.
valasa bhashalu.
africans.
africans bhashanu chinna sankhyalo unna tella zimbabwe vaasulu matladataru, vaari sankhya 1980 nundi gananeeyamgaa taggindi. zimbabwelo africans matladevaru saadhaaranamgaa dakshinaafrikaa nundi vacchina africanner valasadaarulu ledhaa vaari vaarasulu. aafrikanlu 1890la praarambhamlo dakshina rodeshiyaaku vacchaaru, kotta praantaaniki tama vyavasaya naipunyaanni teesukuraavadaaniki prayatninchina sessil roads dwara modati maargadarsakulalo okarigaa niyaminchabaddaaru. vaaru vyavasayam mariyu pasuvula pempakaanni chepattadam dwara desavyaaptamgaa vyaapinchaaru. aafrikanlu tama vyavasaya utpattulanu vikrayinchadaaniki pattanaalu mariyu nagaraala velupala graameena praantaallo sthirapaddaaru. bulavio, enkeldorn, umatali, solisbury, mukhyamgaa melsetter, african janabha kendraalugaa marai.
african pillalu, mukhyamgaa graameena praantaallo, modatlo africans bhaashalo chaduvukunnaru. ayithe, rendava boer yuddham taruvaata, british valasa adhikarulu african paatasaalalu aanglamlo bodhinchaalani ekkuvagaa demand chesaaru. african firyadulu unnappatikee, 1923 varaku eee bhoobhaganni paripaalinchina british dakshinaafrikaa company, kadalaledu. nirasana teluputunna aafrikanlaku pratispandanagaa raasina lekhalo, dakshina rhodesia nirvaahakudi karyadarshi ilaa vraasaaru "... desamloni chattalu dutch bodhanaku etuvanti nibandhananu ivvavu, mariyu iteevala kooda nirvahakudu cheppina chattaalalo maarpu vachhe avakaasam ledani bahirangamgaa paerkonnaaru."ell. emm. valasavaada vidya director ayina faggin oka adhikaarika nivedikalo ilaa heccharinchaaduh "rhodesia paatasaalallo matrubhasha bodhana raayiteeni anumatinchinatlayithe, adhi ventane dutch jillaallo pillalaku jaateeyavaada party yokka pratyaekamaina british vyatiraeka mariyu saamraajyavaada vyatiraeka suutraala bodhanalo phalitamavutundani neenu nammutunnaanu."
eee samasya unnappatikee, aafrikanlu pedda aanglam matlade tellajati janabhalo baga kalisipooyaaru, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa dakshina rhodatian prabhutvaaniki vidheyatagaa bhaavinchabaddaaru. aafrikanlu tama sonta samsthala dwara tama bhashanu, samskrutini parirakshinchukunnaaru. dutch samskarinchina charchilu saadhaaranamgaa udayam africans sevalanu nirvahistaayi, taruvaata madhyahnam aanglam mariyu swadeshi african bhaashalalo sevalu nirvahistaayi. africans bhasha paatasaala, bothashuff, bothashuff bulaviolo sthaapinchabadindi. africans cultural union off rhodesia (akur) anae africanner samstha samstha sthaapinchabadindi, idhi rodeshiyaalo africanner samskrutini kaapaadataaniki prayatninchindi, mukhyamgaa africans presnu srushtinchadam dwara mariyu paatasaalallo africans bhashanu prothsahinchadam dwara. oka mudranaalayam konugolu cheyabadindi, mariyu akur "jambesi ringsblad", "kern", "dye rodesir" mariyu "dye voxgenoot" thoo sahaa africans rojuvaaree vaartaapatrikalu mariyu patrikalanu prachurinchadam praarambhinchaadu.
aafrikanlu mariyu aangleyula madhya bhasha mariyu saamskrutika vibhedaalapai udriktata konasaagindi, nirminchabaddaayi, oka african baaludu enkeldorn paatasaalalo oka aangla baaludini champina "enkeldorn sanghatana" anie pilavabadedi mukhyaamsaalu ayinappudu, idhi oka talaki vachindi. eee sanghatananu daryaaptu chestunna oka commission, eee sanghatana rendava prapancha yuddham valla aaa samayamlo chelaregina bhasha mariyu saamskrutika udriktatala nundi prerepinchabadindani kanugondi, endukante chaalaa mandhi aangleyulu aafrikanlu german saanubhooti kaligi unnaarani anumanincharu. ayinappatikee, rodeshiyaalo africanner janabha perugutuunae undhi mariyu mariyu africanner yuvatato sahaa marinni africanner samsthalu sthaapinchabaddaayi) mariyu mariyu rhodesian africanners association (graa). graa tvaralo desamlo pramukha africanner samsthagaa maarindi, africanner saamskrutika karyakalapalanu nirvahinchindi mariyu mukhyamgaa paatasaalallo ekkuva africans bhasha hakkula kosam lobbying chesindi.
1960la chivari natiki, rodeshiyaalo african janabha 25,000kuu perigindi. 1960la madhyakaalam taruvaata, aafrikanlu rhodatian raajakeeyaalloki pravesinchadam praarambhinchaaru. eee kaalamlo pramukha african raajakeeya naayakulalo aneka mandhi cabinet mantrulu unnaru rowan cronze, p. keey. vaan derr bail, mariyu phillip vaan heerden. premiere eoin smith aadhvaryamlo rhodatian prabhutvam munupati prabhutvaala kante aafrikanlatho merugaina sambandhaalanu kaligi unnappatikee, vidya samasya alaage undipoyindi. undipoyindi salisburyki marchabadina bothashuff, desamlo africans-medium paatasaalagaa migilipoyindi. migilipoyindi, rhodesian africanerla sangham prabhutvaaniki atyavasaramgaa pilupunicchi, vaaru marinni africans-bhasha paatasaalalanu teravaalani demand chesindi, conny prabhutvam vaatini vismarinchindi. rodeshiyaalo african janabha ayinappatikee 35,000kuu cherukundi, aaa taruvaata taggadam praarambhinchindi. aafrikanlu dakshinaafrikaaku valasa vellinappudu, african samsthalu ksheeninchaayi; graa kramamga takkuva churukuga maarindi. maarindi, rhodesian africanar action circle (rock) bulaviolo sthaapinchabadindi, tvaralo desamlo pradhana africanar samsthagaa maarindi. "rodeshiyaaloni rendu pradhana africans vaartaapatrikalu "kern" mariyu "dye rodesir" lanu rock sabhyulu savarinchaaru.
nivedinchabadindi zimbabwe swaatantryam taruvaata, desamloni african janabhalo ekkuva mandhi dakshinaafrikaaku valasa vacchaaru. 1980la praarambhamlo graa sthaapinchabadindi. zimbabwe yokka african community anae kotta african samstha 1981 eprillo hararelo sthaapinchabadindi. desamloni africans-medium paatasaala ayina bothashuff, nivedinchabadindi 450 nundi nundi 1982loe daani namodu taggudalanu chusindi. paatasaala moosiveyabadindi mariyu marusati samvatsaram inglish pradhaanopaadhyaayuditho bahula jaathi, aangla bhasha paatasaalagaa tirigi teravabadindi, idhi zimbabwelo africans vidyaku mugimpu palikindi. 1984 natiki, zimbabwelo kevalam 15,000 mandhi aafrikanlu matrame migilipoyaru, idhi padeella kritam kante daadaapu 60 saatam taggindi.
chainees.
zimbabveloni chainees prajalu oka chinna samajam, samajam desamlo sthirapadina chainees dukaanadaarula pravaahamtho parimaanamlo perigindi. desamlo sumaru 10000 mandhi chaina prajalu nivasistunnaarani anchanaa. idhi oka pedda samajamga maarutundi.
dutch.
dutch netherlands nundi dutch matlade valasadaarulu dakshina rodeshiyaaku valasa vacchaaru. 1965 taruvaata, swethajaatheeyula alpasankhyaaka prabhutva aadhvaryamlo, alaage nivedinchabadindi zimbabwe swaatantryam taruvaata, kaalanee ekapakshamgaa swaatantryam prakatinchina taruvaata, vaarilo chaalaa mandhi rodeshiyaalone undipoyaaru. 2000la praarambhamlo dhesha bhuu samskaranala karyakramam samayamlo vaarilo chaalaa mandhi tama polaalanu kolpoyaru, kondaru desham vidichi vellipoyaaru, marikondaru migilipoyaru.
german.
german bhashanu zimbabwe tellajati alpasankhyaakulu matladataru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo eee bhasha dakshina rodeshiyaaku modata vachindi, british vaaru vaelaadi mandhi aksha khaideelanu, mukhyamgaa italianlu mariyu germanlanu unchadaaniki kaalaneelo aidu sibiraalanu erpaatu chesaaru. solisbury velupala 1939-40 loe praarambhamaina eee shibiraalalo rendu, tanganyika maajee nivaasitulu ayina sumaru 800 mandhi german khaideelaku vasati kalpinchaayi. eee khaideelanu yuddham taruvaata tirigi pampinchaaru.
1970la natiki, aneka mandhi paschima german missionarylu rodeshiyaalo unnaaru. unnaaru, rhodatian bush waar madhya iddaru german missionarylu champabadina samvatsaramlo, desamlo 30 german jesuitlu churukuga unnayani nivedinchabadindi. nivedinchabadindi zimbabwe swaatantryam pondina taruvaati samvatsaraallo, aneka mandhi german jaateeyulu zimbabwelo vyavasayanni praarambhinchaaru. 2000la praarambhamlo bhuu samskaranala karyakramam samayamlo polaalu japthu chesi desham vidichi vellina vaarilo vaaru kooda unnaaru.
greeku.
zimbabveloni greekulalo greeku muulaaniki chendina sumaru 3,000 mandhi prajalu unnaaru, vaarilo daadaapu sagam mandhi cyprus dveepaaniki chendinavaaru. zimbabwe prastutam padakondu greeku sanaatana charchilu mariyu padihenu greeku sanghaalu mariyu manavata samsthalaku aatidhyam istondi.
gujaraatii.
zimbabwe bharatiya janabhalo ekkuva mandhi saampradaaya bhasha gujaraatii, veerilo chaalaa mandhi gujarat nundi valasa vacchina vaari nundi vacchaaru. prastuta zimbabwelo bhaarata uniki 1890 naatidi, bharatiya thotala kaarmikulu dakshinaafrikaa nundi dakshina rodeshiyaaku valasa vachinappudu. vachinappudu dakshina rhodesia swayam paalana pondinappudu bharatiya valasalu parimitam cheyabaddaayi, conny bharatiya samajam inca perigindi. 2000 loe praarambhamaina dhesha aardhika maandyam taruvaata chaalaa mandhi bharatiya zimbabwe pourulu desham vidichi vellaaru. october 2016 natiki, 9,000 mandhi zimbabwe pourulu bharatiya muulaaniki chendinavaaru, ekkuvagaa gujaraateelu. aaa samayamlo adanamgaa 500 mandhi bharatiya pourulu zimbabwelo nivasinchaaru. valasarajyala kaalamlo jaathi vibhajana unnanduna, aseanlu mariyu rangugala prajalanu memu vivaham chesukovadaniki anumatinchaamu, phalitamgaa chaalaa mandhi rangugala prajalu gujaraatii mariyu hindhi jaathi samuuhaala vaarasulu alaage kontavaraku afro-asea vaarasulu kooda ayyaru.
hindhi.
zimbabwe bhaarata janabhalo minorityla saampradaaya bhasha hindhi, veerilo ekkuva mandhi hinduusthaanii muulaaniki badulugaa gujaraateeki chendinavaaru. prastuta zimbabwelo bhaarata uniki 1890 naatidi, bharatiya thotala kaarmikulu dakshinaafrikaa nundi dakshina rodeshiyaaku valasa vachinappudu. vachinappudu dakshina rhodesia swayam paalana pondinappudu bharatiya valasalu parimitam cheyabaddaayi, conny bharatiya samajam inca perigindi. 2000 loe praarambhamaina dhesha aardhika maandyam taruvaata chaalaa mandhi bharatiya zimbabwe vaasulu desham vidichi vellipoyaaru. october 2016 natiki, 9,000 mandhi zimbabwe pourulu bharatiya muulaaniki chendinavaarani anchanaa veyabadindi (veerilo entha mandhi, evarainaa unte, hindhi matladevaro aspashtamgaa undhi. aaa samayamlo adanamgaa 500 mandhi bharatiya pourulu zimbabwelo nivasinchaaru.
italian.
italian bhashanu tella zimbabwevasulalo oka chinna minority matladataru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo eee bhasha dakshina rodeshiyaaku modata vachindi, british vaaru vaelaadi aksha khaideelanu mariyu antaraaya khaideelanu unchadaaniki kaalaneelo aidu sibiraalanu erpaatu chesaaru. gatuma, umvuma mariyu fort victorialo erpaatu chesina eee shibiraalalo moodu shibiraalalo sumaru 5,000 mandhi italianlu, ekkuvagaa somaliland mariyu ethiopiaku chendinavaaru unnaaru. 1943 septembarulo italii longipoyina taruvaata, british vaaru italian interneelu mariyu paavlanu tirigi pampadam praarambhinchaaru, vaarini dakshinaafrikaalooni port elizabeth kuu pampaaru, akkada vaarini oodaloo intiki teesukellaaru. itara italianlanu intiki pampaledu, conny shibiraala nundi bayataku pampaaru, veerilo kondaru dakshina rodeshiyaalo undataaniki enchukunnaaru. enchukunnaaru chiruta rock hotel pakkana unna koota nirmaanamloo italian yuddha khaideelanu kooda kooda praarambhamlo, zimbabwelo ippatikee gananeeyamaina italian janabha undhi.
palish.
polish bhashanu zimbabwe tellajati janabhalo oka chinna minority prajalu matladataru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo eee bhasha dakshina rodeshiyaaku modata vachindi, eee kaalanee polland nundi daadaapu 7,000 mandhi saranaarthulaku aatidhyam ichindi. 1943 nundi salisburyki aagneyamlo unna rendu pattanaalaina marandellas mariyu rusep vadda erpaatu chesina pratyeka sthaavaraalalo polish saranaarthulanu unchaaru. dakshina rodeshiyaaloni polish sthaavaraalanu sthaanika adhikarulu mariyu salisburyloni polish consulate samyuktamgaa nadiparu; landanlooni bahishkaranalo unna polish prabhutvam nidhulu samakuurchindi. saranaarthula kosam polish bhasha paatasaalalu mariyu charchilu nirminchabaddaayi. nirminchabaddaayi bahishkarinchabadina polish prabhutvam thana karyakalapalanu nilipivesi, thana consulatenu moosivesina taruvaata, polish saranaarthulanu dakshina rhodatian prabhutvam ekkuvagaa bhaaramgaa chusindi. 1944 maeloe kondarini intiki pampadam praarambhinchindi, yuddham mugise samayaniki airopaku tirigi ravana vaegamgaa perigindi, 1945 aktobaru natiki 2,000 kante takkuva polish saranaarthulu migili unnaaru.
valasavaada adhikarulu migilina stambhaalanu dakshina rodeshiyaalo niravadhikamgaa undanivvadaaniki vimukhata chuupaaru, vaaru saamskrutikamgaa taginanta british vaaru kaadani, communistu sambandhaalu ledhaa saanubhooti kaligi undavacchani nokki chepparu. adanamgaa, eee stambhaalu swechhaa marketlo nallajaatiiyulatoo pootii padataniki veelu kalpinche naipunyaalu mariyu vidya lekapovadam vantivigaa pariganinchabaddaayi. eee aandolanalu unnappatikee, migilipoyina chaalaa stambhaalu vidichipettadaaniki takkuva moggu chupayi. 1947 natiki, rhodatian prabhutvam kaalaneelooni migilina 1,282 stambhaalaku swadaesaaniki pampinchadaaniki pratipaadinchinappudu, iddaru mahilalu matrame angeekarinchaaru. british prabhutvam mariyu aikyaraajyasamiti saranaarthula karyakramam nundi ottidi unnappatikee, rhodatian prabhutvam 726 stambhaalanu matrame shaashwata nivasuluga angeekarinchadaaniki angeekarinchindi, idhi antarjaateeya chattam prakaram avasaramaina prati jaateeyataku 10 saataaniki kaneesamgaa untundi.
pidgin bhashalu.
chilapalapa.
fanagalo anie kooda piluvabade chilapalapa, valasarajyala kaalamlo swethajaatheeyulu, aseanlu mariyu nallajaateeyula madhya bhasha bhashaga upayoginche pidgin bhasha. daani dakshina african bandhuvu fanagalo maadirigaane, idhi pradhanamgaa maining rangamlo, tellajati yaajamaanyamloni polaallo mariyu pedda sthaavaraalalo matladevaru. oka muulam prakaram, chilapalapa padajaalamlo 60 saatam endebele muulaaniki chendinavi, 20 saatam aanglam nundi, 10 saatam shona nundi, 5 saatam africans nundi mariyu 5 saatam cheva nundi. itara muulaalu eee bhasha pradhanamgaa endebele kante shona prabhavanni kaligi undani vivaristunnaayi.
fyaanagaalo 19va sataabdamloo dakshinaafrikaalo udbhavinchindi, dakshina rodeshiyaalo swethajaatheeyulu sthirapadatam praarambhinchadamtho daggari sambandham unna chilapalapa abhivruddhi chendindi. aaa samayamlo ekkuva mandhi nallajaateeyulaku vidya mariyu aanglam matlade saamarthyam lenanduna, chilapalapa nallajaatiiyulatoo sambhaashinchadaaniki swethajaatheeyulu mariyu aseanlu upayoginche saadhaarana bhashaga maarindi, dheeniki viruddhamgaa, saadhaaranamgaa pani vaataavaranam sandarbhamlo. chilapalapa matlade nallajaateeyulaku saadhaaranamgaa adhikaarika vidya ledhu mariyu tarachugaa aanglam matladaru. adanamgaa, nallajaateeyulu tamatho chilapalapalo maatlaadaalani swethajaatheeyulu tarachugaa demand chesevaaru, vaaritho aanglamlo maatlaadataaniki ishtapadaru, endukante idhi jaatulalo samaana hodaanu suuchistumdi. dheenini swethajaatheeyulu tarachugaa avamanakaramga upayoginchinanduna, nallajaateeyulu tarachugaa chilapalapanu jatyahankaram mariyu valasavaadamtoe mudipettaru. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, swethajaatheeyulu chilaapaalapanu marinta sanukoolamgaa chuusaaru, dheenini rhodesian samskrutilo oka pratyaekamaina amsamgaa kooda jarupukunnaru. rhodesian jaanapada gayakudu zaan edmond "chilapalapa paata" nuu record chesaadu, nyuus reader mariyu hasyanatudu rex taar thana pradarsanalalo mamuluga chilapalapanu upayoginchaaru.
rodeshiyaalo chillapalapa vistrutamgaa rendava bhasha ayinappatikee, ayinappatikee aneka laksala mandhi matladevaru, idhi saadhaaranamgaa pani vaataavaranaala velupala eppuduu matladabadaledu. idhi pattanaalalo, vyavasayam mariyu ganula tavvakam rangaalalo upayoginchabadindi, mariyu mukhyamgaa mashonaland praantamloo saadhaaranam, conny paatasaalallo bodhinchabadaledu ledhaa yea adhikaarika sandarbhaalloonuu upayoginchabadaledu. likhita chilapalapa saahityam chaalaa arudu. paatasaalalu mariyu adhikaarika sandarbhaalalo dheeni upayogam lekapovadam mariyu valasavaadamtoe pratikuula sambandham kaaranamgaa, 1980 taruvaata zimbabwe swaatantryam taruvaata chilapalapa vadakam vaastavamgaa adrusyamaindi. nedu, chilapalapa appudappudu matrame paatha tella mariyu nallajaateeyula madhya matladatam vinabadutundi.
tella vyavasaya yajamaanulu, asea dukaana yajamaanulu mariyu swaatantryam taruvaata janminchina yuva nallajati upaadhyaayula 2018 survey chilapalapa gurinchi ghnaanam mariyu vaikharilo vistruta asamaanatalanu kanugondi. swaatantyraaniki mundu perigina survey chesina vaarilo andaruu chilapalapalo praaveenyam kaligi unnaaru. swaatantryam taruvaata janminchina vaarilo, chaalaa mandhi dheeni gurinchi vinnappatikee, evaruu chilapalapa matladalekapoyaru. bhasha patla vaikharulu ekkuvagaa jaathi shrenula vaareegaa bhinnamgaa undevi. survey chesina chaalaa mandhi swethajaatheeyulu mariyu aseanlu chilapalapanu upayogakaramaina bhashaga chuusaaru, ayithe nallajaateeyulu dheenini jatyahankaram mariyu valasavaadaaniki chihnamgaa chuusaaru.
sanketha bhashalu.
zimbabwelo aneka moukhika bhaashalatho paatu sanketha bhashalanu kooda upayogistaaru. dakshina rodeshiyaalo sanketha bhashalu modata 1940la praarambhamlo cheviti vaari kosam vividha paatasaalallo cheviti vidyaarthulaloo swatantramgaa abhivruddhi chendaayi. zimbabwelo enni sanketha bhashalu unnayo, okkokkati enthavaraku upayoginchabadutunnayo aspashtamgaa undhi, endukante takkuva parisoedhanalu jarigaayi. germanyloni maaks plank institute pharr dhi sains off human history nirvahinche bhasha database ayina glotalog, sthaanika zimbabwe sanketha bhasha yokka edu rakalanu jabita chestundih manicaland saine, mashonaland saine, maswingo school saine, matabeleland saine, midlands saine, zimbabwe community saine mariyu zimbabwe school saine. american sanketha bhasha kooda upayoginchabadutundani nivedinchabadindi, ayithe idhi enthavaraku spashtamgaa ledhu. "marinta nirdishtata lekunda "sanketha bhasha", 2013 rajyangamlo zimbabwe adhikaarika bhaashalalo okatigaa maarindi.

