
medulosales

medulosales anedi terridospermus vittana mokkala antarinchipoyina kramam, idhi vruttaakaara cross-sekshanto pedda andaasayaalu mariyu vascularised newsellus, sanklishta puppodi-organs, kaandam mariyu vicchinnamaina steletho kuudina rockides mariyu frand lanty aakulu kaligi untundi. vaari atyanta sannihitamaina inca sajeevamgaa unna bandhuvulu saikadlu.
chaalaa varaku medulosales chinna nundi madhya taraha chetlu. atipedda namuunaalu bahusha "alethopteris" jaatiki chendinavi, veeti puulu 7 meterla podavu mariyu chetlu bahusha 10 meterla etthu varaku undavacchu. mukhyamgaa maskov kaalamlo, aneka medulosales chinnaviga undevi, kevalam 2 meterla podavu matrame undevi, mariyu dattamaina, paraspara maddatu ichhe standlalo perugutaayi. casimovian mariyu gazillion kaalamlo chinna vrukshaalato (udhaa.zii. "odontopteris") bahusha mokkala meedaki ekki ledhaa ekki undevi.
andaalu.
vividha medulosalian jaatulalo andaasayaalu 1 sem. mea nundi 10 sem. mea. kante ekkuva podavu undavacchu-rendodi edainaa angiosperm kaani vittana-mokka dwara utpatti cheyabadina atipedda andaasayaalu. andaalu neerugaa mokkala meeda pudatayani, antima pinnapai unna pinnuelslo okadaanini bharti chestayani saampradayakamgaa nammutaaru. edemaina, eee punarnirmaanam anedi andaasayaalu sendriya anubandhamlo kakunda kevalam pinna mukkapai padi unnatlugaa kanugonabadina avakaasam aadhaaramgaa undavacchani balamaina avakaasam undhi. vittanaalu saapekshamgaa sannani, kommala goddalulapai samuhaluga puttayani, eee andaakaarapu trusslu vittanaala kireetam madhya trunk paie nundi utpatti ayi undevani soochinche aneka kesulu ippudu veluguloki vachayi.
vittana megaspore chuttoo rendu porala kanajaalam undedih oka vascularised newsellus mariyu saadhaaranamgaa moodu porala integment; andam adugubhaagamlo tappa newsellus mariyu integment puurtigaa uchitam. eee kanajaalaala yokka khachitamaina samaruupatala gurinchi kontha charcha jarigindi, mariyu vascularised newsellus vaastavaaniki newsellus mariyu integument kalisi kalisipoyayani, mariyu 'integument' oka andam matrame kaligi unna kapuleku samaruupamgaa undani vaadinchabadindi.
castlu ledhaa addressensga samrakshinchabadina chaalaa medulosalian andakaralu moodu rekhansha pakkatemukalanu chuuputaayi mariyu shilaja jaathi "trigonocorpus" kuu ketaayinchabadataayi. atuvanti andaasayaalu petrifactionluga samrakshinchabadinappudu, avi pradhanamgaa andaasayam yokka apical roopamlo vyatyaasaalanu batti "pachitesta" ledhaa "stephanospermum" shilaja jaatiki ketaayinchabadataayi. medulosalian vittanaala yokka maroka samuuham, saadhaaranamgaa parispermacian vittanaalatoe anubandhinchabadindi (taruvaata chudandi), aaru rekhansha pakkatemukalu kaligi untaayi mariyu avi addressions ledhaa castluga kanugonabadinappudu "hexagonocorpus" gaa suuchimchabadataayi, mariyu petrifactionluga kanugonabadinappudu "hexapterosperm" gaa suuchimchabadataayi.
puppodi avayavalu.
puppodini utpatti chese avayavaalalo vividha rakaala cup, bell mariyu sigar aakarapu aakruteekaranalugaa erpadina podavaina sanchula samuuhaalu undevi, ivi "dolerotheca", "vitlesia", "aulakotheka" mariyu "potonia" vanti vividha shilaja jaatulaku ketayinchabaddayi. andaakaaraalaku bhinnamgaa, avi rachis kuu jatacheyabadina puulapai putti undataaniki manchi shareera nirmaana aadharalu unnaayi.
avi utpatti chese puppodini khachitamgaa prii-puppodi anie pilustaaru, endukante idhi sameepamgaa molakettutundi mariyu tadwara terridophytic bijaamsaalu mariyu gymnospermous nijamaina puppodi madhya nirmaanamloo madhyantaramgaa untundi. parispermacian jaatula puppodi avayavalu (shilaja jaathi "potonia") tribhujaakaara gurtuto golaakaara puurva puppodini utpatti chesaayi. chaalaa itara medulosaliyanlu monolet gurtuto pedda andaakaara puurva-puppodini utpatti chesi, "scophypholenites" jaatiki ketaayinchaaru.
kaandam.
chaalaa mandhi medulosaliyanlu saakhalu laeni, nitaruga unde kaandam kaligi undevaaru, ivi paina pushpala kiriitaanni utpatti chestaayi. atyanta vistrutamgaa unnavi shareera nirmaana shaastram samrakshinchabadinappudu petrifactionluga kanugonabadinappudu shilaja jaathi "medulosa" gaa suuchimchabadataayi. viloma vibhaagamlo chusinappudu avi kaandam podavu venta vellae aneka raktanaala vibhaagaalanu kaligi unnatlu kanipistaayi, uparitalamgaa chettu fernlalo kanipinche polyestelsnu pooli untaayi. ayithe, eee vascular tantuvula yokka vivaranaatmaka adhyayanam avi kaandam podavutho kalisi vileenam ayyi vidipothayani mariyu vaastavaaniki oke vicchinnamaina stellnu suuchistumdani choopinchindi. kaandam parimaanam peragadamtho, raktanaala vibhagalu kooda dviteeya kalapanu jodinchadam dwara vistarinchaayi. stelle yokka vascular vibhagalu naela kanajaalamlo ponduparachabadi untaayi, ivi resin lanty padaarthaanni kaligi unnayani bhaavinche kaaluvalu ledhaa naalaalanu kaligi untaayi. stelle chuttoo unna valkalam kooda resin-naalaalanu kaligi undhi, mariyu kaandam velupala sclerotic kanajaalam yokka radialga samalekhanam cheyabadina byaandlu unnaayi.
shareera nirmaanaparamgaa bhinnamaina "medulosa" kandamla kanipinche aneka jaatulu gurtinchabaddaayi, ayithe eee thedaalu chaalaa varaku kaandam perugudalato jarigina maarpulanu suuchistaayani choopabadindi. antekakunda, chaalaa saaruupya rakaala kaandam vividha rakaala vrukshaalanu kaligi undagaladani choopabadindi. chivari pensylvanian samrakshinchabadina floralalo oka vilakshanhamaina rakam kaandam kanipistundi, ayithe, dheenini "medulosa endocentrica" anie pilustaaru mariyu sthiramgaa sannani kaandam mariyu (pratyaekamgaa medulosaliyanlaku) auxillary saakhalanu kaligi untundi, mariyu dheenini adhirohana mokkaga ardham chesukunnaru. vascular vibhagalu viloma vibhaagamlo rendu ververu parimaanaalalo unde maroka vilakshanhamaina kaandam (shilaja jaathi "satclifia") parispermacian vrukshaalato mudipadi undhi.
aakulu.
eee vrukshaala sakalaalu medulosales yokka atyanta tarachugaa kanugonabadina silaajaalu, mariyu avi biostratigraphy mariyu bio geographical adhyayanala kosam vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutunnaayi. chaalaa varaku frand yokka diguva (sameepa) bhaagamlo pradhana rachis yokka pradhana fork dwara vargeekarinchabadataayi. fork dwara utpatti cheyabadina prati komma tappanisarigaa pinnet roopaanni kaligi untundi, uparitalamgaa aneka fernla yokka puulanu pooli untundi, conny avi vaastavaaniki ekkuva ledhaa takkuva overtop dicotomyla shrenini kaligi untaayani ippudu bhaavistunnaaru. parispermacian fraandlu (shilaja jaathi "paripteris" mariyu "linopteris") anie piluvabade oka samuuham matrame eee pradhana dwaipaakshikatanu kaligi laevu, ayinappatikee avi atigaa unna dwaipaakshikatala shreni nundi nirminchabaddaayi.
kutumbaalu.
shilaja jaatulanu vaeru cheyadaaniki upayoginche aksharalu pradhanamgaa vruksha jaatula aadhaaramgaa samuuha kutumbaalaku praamukhyata yokka avarohana kramamlo upayoginchabaddaayi, mukhyamgaa vruksha jaatula nirmaanam (1) vruksha jaatula yokka mottam nirmaanam, (2) bahyacharmalu mariyu cuticals, (3) pinnules rachis kuu elaa jatacheyabadataayi, mariyu (4) pinnules yokka sirala namuunaa.
pampinhee.
medulosales yokka puraatana sakshyam chivari mississippian yuganiki chendinadi. eee samuuham mukhyamgaa vaividhyabharitamgaa mariyu samruddhiga maarindi, idhi maskovian mariyu casimovian kaalamlo euremerica yokka ushnamandala chittadi neelaloo, mukhyamgaa clastic uparitalaalapai aneka aavasaalapai aadhipatyam chelaayinchindi. eee samuuham mottamodati permian (autunian) kaalamlo euremericalo antarinchipoyindi. vaaru chainaalo kontakaalam jeevinchi unnaaru, aselian dasalo akkada aadharalu kanugonabaddayi. medulosales gondwana yokka dakshina akshaamsaala varaku unnayani suuchimchadaaniki chaalaa takkuva aadharalu unnaayi. uttara ardhagolamlo, kazakhstan yokka samasheetoshna akshaamsaalalo manchi chivari mississippian recordulu unnaayi, ayithe cyberia (angara) looni adhika uttara akshaamsaala nundi labhinchina aadharalu marinta aspashtamgaa unnaayi.