
mussimilia

vivarana.
"mussimilia" anedi oka valasavaada pagadapu praantam. molakalu ellappuduu intracollicular gaa untaayi, ivi polype yokka noti disk lopala, grahanamandapam yokka chutta lopala sambhavistaayi. pagadapu pagadalu faceloid ledhaa sub plocoid, kramarahita dantaalu ledhaa okati nundi moodu kendraalanu anusandhaaninchabadi untaayi. coenostium unnappudu, oka vilakshanhamaina dwandwa goda untundi. columella nirantaramgaa untundi. septa randhraalu kaligi untaayi mariyu vakreekruta daaraalatoe erpadina pratyaekamaina, bahula-disaatmaka dantaalanu kaligi untaayi. columella spongiega untundi, kolyumellar dantaalu septal dantaala nundi parimaanam mariyu aakaaramlo bhinnamgaa untaayi.
vargeekarana.
mussimilia anedi mussidae kutumbaaniki chendina faviny upakutumbamloni raathi pagadaala jaathi. eee jaathi brazil teeramlo atlantic mahaasamudraaniki parimitam cheyabadindi.
hexacoralia.
hexacoralia anthojova taragatiki chendinadi, indulo 6 retlu samaruupatatoe paaliplanu yerparuchukune jeevulu untaayi, indulo anni raathi mariyu dibba-nirmaana pagadalu untaayi.
scleractinia.
scleractinia anevi filum nidariyalo raathi pagadalu mariyu ivi tamanu taamu oka kathinamaina asthipanjaramgaa nirminchukuntaayi. eee jantuvulanu polypse anie pilustaaru mariyu noti disk thoo kappabadina sthuupaakaara sariiraanni kaligi untaayi, dheenilo noti anchu gudaaraalato untundi.
mussidae.
mussidae anedi atlantic mahaasamudraaniki parimitam cheyabadina raathi pagadapu kutumbam, avi medadunu pooli unde kadalikalato kuudina bhaarii golaakaara roopaanni kaligi untaayi. avi cheralo unna prasiddhamaina dibba-nirmaana pagadalu, conny pagadapu bleaching mariyu vaataavarana maarpulaku kooda atyanta haani kaligistaayi.
favine.
jukesanthellanu kaligi unna raathi dibba-nirmaana pagadaala kutumbam, vaati chihnala nundi saktini pondadamtho paatu uppuneeti royyalu vanti swaadheenam chesukunna aaharam nundi saktini pondutundi. avi bhaarii kaalaneelanu kaligi untaayi, ivi faciloid, plocoid, seroid ledhaa miandroid (arudugaa) aakaaramlo undavacchu. vaaru teevramaina suuryarashmi mariyu mitamaina neeti pravahalanu ishtapadataaru, mukhyamgaa vaari ishtapade aavasalu reif flats kabatti. lavaneeyataloo vaividhyaalu vanti dynamic vaataavaranaalanu avi thattukogalavu.
pampinhee mariyu aavasalu.
shilaja recordula vislaeshanha prakaram, "mussimilia" prapanchavyaaptamgaa kanugonabadindi. eee jaathi 23 million samvatsaraala kritam nundi 400,000 samvatsaraala kritam udbhavinchindani anchanaa. ayithe, prastutam, "mussimilia" dakshina america yokka atlantic teerapraantamlo matrame kanipistundi.[9]
"emm. hispidalo naalugu jaatula mussimilia vistruta bhougolika pampinhee undhi."eee jaathi brazilian rashtraalaina maranhavo, reo grande doow norte, paraiba, pernambuco, alagos, sergeep, bahiya, espirito santo, reo dii janeero mariyu saavo poulolaku cherukuntundi, idhi daani paridhi entha vistrutamgaa undho choopistundi. idhi fernando dii noronha dveepam mariyu rocas atol vanti suduura samudra pagadapu dibbalalo kooda kanipistundi.[5] "mussimilia" yokka vividha jaatulu nirdishta bhougolika pradaesaalaloo kooda kanipistaayih
jaatulu.
samudra jaatula prapancha register krindi moodu jaatulanu jabita chestundih
"mussismilia braziliensis"
"musimilia braziliensis" bhaarii kaalaneelanu yerparustundi, ivi saadhaaranamgaa dibbala paibhagalapai pedda gopuraalu. avi kramarahita aakaaramtho serioid kaalanee roopaanni kaligi untaayi mariyu sumaru 8-10 mimi vyaasamtho untaayi. sajeeva kaalaneela septa gundrani, puusalu lanty dantaalanu kaligi untaayi. eee jaatulu saadhaaranamgaa neelam-buudida, aakupaccha mariyu pasupu rangulo untaayi mariyu brazil chuttoo nissara ledhaa upa-alala dibba vaataavaranamloo nivasistaayi. m" yokka pratyaekamaina nirmaana kuurpu kaaranamgaa. braziliensis, "tii vanti jeevulu. hirsuitus peetalu itara "mussimilia" jaatulato poliste aavasam kosam pagadampai aadharapadi untaayi.
"mussimilia hartty" (veryl, 1868)
"mussismilia hartty" oka faciloid kaalanee roopaanni kaligi untundi mariyu sem. mea. kii 12-14 sannani septatho 12-30 mimi callis vyasanni kaligi untundi. polypse peddavigaa undi, vaerugaa perige daani pedda mandroid namuunaa kaaranamgaa idhi "mussismilia" yokka itara jaatulato poliste ekkuva crustatian jantujaala sampadanu kaligi unnatlu gamaninchabadindi.
"mussimilia hispida" (veryl, 1901)
"mussismilia hispida" kaalaneelu bhaarii kaalaneelu, veeti vedalpu 0.50 meterla kante takkuva, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa chadunainavi. avi sumaru 10-15 mm vyaasamtho mandapati godalatho gundramgaa untaayi. jeevinchi unna kaalaneela septa gundrani, puusalu lanty dantaalanu kaligi untaayi. eee jaatulu godhuma mariyu buudida rangulo untaayi, saadhaaranamgaa vividha rangu godalu mariyu radial chaaralatho kendraalato untaayi. avi nissara neetilo nivasistaayi mariyu asthira vaataavaranaalanu thattukogalavu, ivi maarutunna vaataavaranaaniki marinta anukuulamgaa marutayi.  
"mussismilia leptophilla"
praarambhamlo, eee jaatini "favia" jaatilo unchaaru, endukante dheeniki saadhaaranamgaa "mussismilialo" kanipinche bahula trabecular fyaan vyavasthalu levani bhaavinchaaru."ayithe," "mussismilia leptophilla" "loe okati kante ekkuva fyaan vyavasthalu mariyu" "favia" "kante" "mussismilia" "thoo samaanamaina adanapu lakshanaalu unnayani parisoedhakulu kanugonnaru, indulo daani parathecal goda nirmaanam mariyu daani septal dantaala aakaram mariyu microstructure unnaayi". daani mitochondrial nirmaanam kooda dheenini "mussimilia" thoo marinta daggaragaa vargeekaristundi."
padanirmaana shaastram mariyu shareera nirmaana shaastram.
sthoolaroopavignaanam (mottam bhouthika roopam).
kaalanee roopam-faciloid ledhaa subplocoid
callis "mussismilia" jaatulu kaalanee roopam mariyu callis parimaanamlo bhinnamgaa untaayi.
septa columella sameepamlo sannaga mariyu tarachugaa randhraalu
columella kendraala madhya trabecular anusandhaanamtho nirantaram.
coralite godah parathecal goda
suukshmaruupavignaanam (dantaalu/septa modalaina vaati 3dii jyaamiti).
septa saadhaarana lockerate (vakreekruta mariyu bahuladisala), vennemuka aakaaramlo unde randhraala kanupulu
columella spongy, mariyu septal dantaala nundi parimaanam mariyu aakaaramlo maarutuu untundi
suukshma nirmaanam (antargata nirmaanam).
godah godalo calcificationlatho paatu parathecol (idhi kanajaalamlo vichchinnaalu ledhaa vibhajanala dwara erpadina pagadapu goda)
paryaavaranam mariyu pravartana.
aaharam mariyu aaharam.
"mussismilia" anevi mixotrophic jeevulu, antey avi vaati aahara pravartana kosam photoautotrophy mariyu heterotrophy rendintipai aadhaarapadataayi, idhi kovvu aamlam gaadata mariyu jaatula atidheya kanajaalamlo suukshmajeevula gaadata pariseelana dwara kanugonabadindi. hippida ".[9] adhyayanam nirvahinchina samvatsaramlo vaari sthithi pradhanamgaa autotrophic ledhaa pradhanamgaa heterotrophicga aneka saarlu maarindi. "mussimilia" vaari kanajaalamlo nivasinche denophlogelet, kiranajanya aalgetho sahajeevanamlo kooda nivasistundi. denophlogelet chakkeranu tayaaru cheyadaaniki suuryarasmini upayogistundi, dheeni phalitamgaa pagadalu upayoginchagala shakti labhistundi. "mussimilia" anedi janthupradarshanashaalanu bandhinchi jeernam chese heterotrophic kooda kaavacchu.
maamsaahaarulu.
fraamsini-filho "mariyu itarulu" nirvahinchina pratyaksha pagadapu vaeta adhyayanam prakaram. (2008), brazilian sthaanika chiluka chepa jaatulu, "scarrus trispinosus" mariyu "sparisoma amplum", pradhanamgaa "mea" paie vetaadataayi. braziliensis "mariyu" eff. anie gravida annaru.[5] eee adhyayanam sajeeva pagadaala kosam ketaayinchina katuku marinta kaaranamaindi. trispinosus "(0.8% kaatu) mariyu" sp ". "amplum" (kaatu yokka 8.1%). 17 namodu cheyabadina vetade jantuvulalo, "sp". "amplum" "m meeda vetaadabadindi. brazilian "brazil yokka timbas dibbalo chaalaa tarachugaa (n = 15).[5]
symbiantlu mariyu microbiota.
aarogyakaramaina "mussismilia" pagadalalo kanipinche atyanta samruddhiga unde bacterialalo "alphaproteobacteria, gamaproteobacteria, sanobacteria, bacterioidetlu mariyu fermicute" unnaayi."vyaadhigrasta pagadalu" "bacterioidetlu", "" "gamaprotebacteria" "mariyu vargeekarinchani" "protebacteria" "aadhipatyam kaligina pratyaekamaina microbiota kaligi unnatlu kanugonabadindi". aarogyakaramaina pagadaalato poliste "vibrios" mariyu "sulfate-tagginche bacteria" ekkuva mottamlo unna "deltaproteobacterio", "alphaproteobacteria" mariyu "gamaproteobacteria" anevi bair asthipanjaram (ess. keey.) loe atyanta samruddhiga unde samuuhaalu.
punarutpatti.
moodu jaatula "mussimilia" ("m. braziliensis, "mea. harti, "mariyu" m. hispida) sagatu 11 nelala podavutho vaarshika punarutpatti chakralanu pradarsistundi. eee jaatulu hermaphroditic jaatulu, oke santanotpatti kaalamlo jaatula madhya vividha samayaallo gamet abhivruddhi jarugutundi.[15] eee "mussismilia" jaatulu prasaara spaanarlu, endukante gonocoric kaalaneelu, pindaalu ledhaa planula gamaninchabadavu. prasaara spanerluga, "mussumilia" bahya phaladeekaranam kosam tama gametlanu bahiranga samudramloki vidudala chestundi. spanner pagadalu, mukhyamgaa "emm hispida", vaati bacteria kornu vaati gametla dwara vaari santaanaaniki prasaram cheyagalavani, bhavishyat taraala parinaamaanni prabhaavitam cheyagalavani parisoedhanalu suuchistunnaayi.[15]
veeryajananaaniki chaalaa nelala mundu oojenisis praarambhamavutundi. veeryakanaalu utpatti ayye avayavam andaasaya abhivruddhi yokka enimidava nelaloo sambhavistundi. phalitamgaa, rendu avayavalu oke samayamlo paripakvam chendaayi.
oosait abhivruddhih oojenisis yokka prati abhivruddhi dasalo, oka yeka macentarylo vividha parimaana vyasala oosaitlu untaayi. praarambhamlo, kanam yokka kendra bhaagamlo kendrakam kanugonabadindi; ayithe, andakosalu vaati garishta abhivruddhini saadhinchinanduna idhi kanam yokka sarihadduku valasa vachindi. paripakva andakosalu kramarahitamgaa kanipistaayi, conny sumaruga golakaramlo untaayi.
veeryakanaala abhivruddhih veeryajanana samayamlo, kanaalu macentaryla endodermlo untaayi, aapai ekagrata praarambhistaayi. oojenisis maadirigaane, spermatic kanaalu adhe macentaryla lopala abhivruddhi chendutaayi. kendrakaalu marinta spashtamgaa kanipistaayi. marinta parinati chendina kanaalu kendramgaa untaayi, kaani avi paridheeyamgaa untaayi.  
spermatic tittulu mariyu gudlu paripakvata saadhinchinappudu, macentary goda pagilipotundi, idhi spermatic tittulu, gudlu mariyu shleshmam yokka kattalu noti gundaa mariyu gastrovascular kuharamloki prayaaninchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi, chivariki uparitalaaniki cherukuntundi.[15]
spanning prati jaatiki kaneesam oka spanning period untundi, conny punarutpatti chakramlo rendu spanning periods unde avakaasam undhi. m" yokka spanning kaalam. harti "m" kante gananeeyamgaa bhinnamgaa untundi. braziliensis "mariyu" m. hippida ". ayithe, aneka adhyayanaalalo vividha nelallo puttagodugula kaalam sambhavinchindi.[10, 15]
jeevita dasalu.
paripakva pagadalu tama gametlanu neeti niluvu varusaloki vidudala chestaayi, tadwara bahya phaladeekaranam (meosis) jarugutundi. guddu phaladeekaranam ayina tarvaata, adhi abhivruddhi chendadam praarambhistundi. phaladeekarana guddu, oka jaigot, appudu pravaahamloki pravahistundi. eee chalanam samayamlo, jaigot kana vibhajana (mytosis) kuu lonavutundi. modati vibhajana tarvaata rendu kanaalu erpadataayi, mariyu eee kanaalu mitosisku lonavutaayi. bahula vibhajanalu chivariki pindaaniki daariteestaayi.
planctonic planula larva erpadutundi. planuela sthirapadataaniki ghana uparitalaanni kanugonadaaniki daani silianu upayogistundi. sthirapadina tarvaata, roopaantaram praarambhamavutundi (baalyadasalo unna vyakti peddavadai abhivruddhi chendutaadu). juvenile polype calcium carbonate koralaitnu unchutundi. vayojana polype laingikamgaa parinati chendinappudu, jeevita chakram punaraavrutamavutundi.[16]
udyamam.
konni pagadalu samayaniki pravaahaaniki kadulutaayi, conny mussimilia vanti marikonni rock lanty asthipanjaraalanu kaligi untaayi, kabatti kadalikalu spashtamgaa kanipinchavu. parisoedhakulu raathi pagadaala kadalikalanu track cheyadaaniki photolanu teeyadaaniki oka kotta vislaeshanha imaging paddhatini upayoginchaaru. kanajaala perugudala mariyu polype kadalika kosam kadalikatho sahaa chaalaa karyakalapalu ratriputa paristhitulalo sambhavinchaayani vaaru kanugonnaru. mussimilia" vaari jeevitaantam sthiramgaa unnappatikee, vaari paaliplanu vistarinchadaaniki mariyu jantuvula jantuvula vaetanu pattukoovadaaniki avasaramaina suukshma kadalikalu unnaayi. edemaina, chinna pagadalu aascharyakaramgaa kadulutunnayani, samudra pravaahaalato kadulutunnayani telindi, ayinappatikee "mussimilia" larva elaa kadulutundo puurtigaa teliyadu.  
sthithi.
"mussimilia", aneka pagadapu jaatula maadirigaane, vaataavarana maarpula valla muppu ponchi unnaayi mariyu mukhyamgaa antarinchipoye pramaadam undhi. mussimilia" mottam sankhyalanu gurtinchadam kashtam, conny bhoomi yokka vaataavaranamloo maarpulu sumaru 1900la chivari nundi "mussimilia" sankhyalalo kramamga taggudalaku kaaranamayyaayi. [2] iteevali prapancha maarpu "mussimilia" paie pratikuula prabhavam chuupadam praarambhinchindi khachitamaina samayanni nirnayinchadam kashtam. pagadapu dibbalu pradhanamgaa lothaina jalaala kante vecchagaa unde nissara neetilo untaayi. suuryarashmi samudramloni lothaina praantaalaku cherukodu. suuryarashmi valla lotuleni neeru ushnograta peragadaaniki kaaranamavutundi kabatti, pagadapu dibbalu bleaching pramaadam perugutundi. pagadalu tama kanajaalaalo nivasinche aalgenu bayataku pampinappudu bleaching jarugutundi, idhi pagadalu tellagaa maaradaaniki kaaranamavutundi mariyu vaati manugada avakaasaalu natakeeyamgaa taggutaayi. "mussimilia" vecchani neetilo pagadapu bleachingku lobadi untundi, mariyu prapancha ushnogratalu perige koddi, "mussimilia" chanipovachhu. "mussimilia" bleaching sanghatanala samayamlo manugada saaginchagalavu mariyu punarutpatti cheyagalavu, conny vaati manugadaku teevramgaa aatamkam kaligistundi.