
huvelus yokka collezone

shanta loya (kwechuwa "pavitra") anedi peruu uttara-madhya ettaina praantaalalo unna ankash praantamloo unna oka antar-andean loya. rendu parvata shrenula madhya unnanduna, dheenini callejone dii huelas anie pilustaaru, idhi huelas yokka veedhi, ayithe "huelas" anedi peru visroility samayamlo praadaesika vibhagam paerunu suuchistumdi.
lima nundi uttaraana vellae eee rahadari 3,945 meterla ettuku cherukuntundi, ikkada konokocha sarassu loya yokka talanu suuchistumdi. eee sarassu saantaa nadiki pradhana muulam. ikkada nundi rahadari thoorpuna cardillera blanca ("white range") mariyu paschimaana cardillera neegra ("block range") dwara gurtinchabadina callejone dii huylasloki digutundi. dakshinaana huyahuwash parvata shreni sikharaalu paiki lestaayi.
ankash rajadhani ayina huyaraj, samudra mattaniki 3,000 meterla ettulo unna callejan loe atipedda nagaram. huvaaraajku uttaraana unna loyalo karhuwaz, yungay (1970loe pedda bhookampam mariyu kondachariyalu virigipadina pradaesam, idhi pattanaanni khananam chesi 20,000 mandiki paiga prajalanu champindi) mariyu karaj pattanaalu unnaayi, ivi loyalo chivari nagaramgaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi.
sthaanam.
peruulooni ankash praantamloo callejone dii huylas 150 kimmy varaku vistarinchi undhi. shanta nadhi loya naela venta vaayuvya disalo pravahistundi. loya yokka dakshina anchu samudra mattaniki 4,000 meterla ettulo praarambhamai, daani uttara chivaralo 2,000 meterla varaku digutundi, idhi saantaa nadhi loya nundi bayaludaerina karaj nagaranni daati velutundi. dheeniki thoorpuna manchutho kappabadina cardillera blanca (tellani parvata shreni) anae rendu parvata shrenulu sarihaddulugaa unnaayi, ikkada aneka ekkagalige sikharaalu 5,000 meterla kante ekkuva manchu kaligi untaayi, mariyu paschimaana cardillera neegra (nalla parvata shreni) 4,000 meterlaku paiga cherukuntundi, conny daani paschima paarsvamlo vecchani teerapraanta gaalulaku gurikavadam valla saadhaaranamgaa manchu undadu. peru yokka ettaina sikharamaina nevado huscorn (6,746 mea), yunge pattanaaniki paina unna cardillera blancalo undhi.
charitra.
callejone dii huylasku vaela samvatsaraala naati goppa charitra undhi. eee praantamloo preseramic kaalam nundi saapekshamgaa chaalaa takkuva manugada undhi, conny thamus eff. linching mariyu athani brundam teerapraanta maidaanamlo nivasinche samskrutulatoe anusandhaaninchabadina nagarikatanu suuchimchaayi. callejan loe, takkuva dhooramlo, andees yokka aneka pradhana paryaavarana mandalaalu unnaayi, mariyu idhi gananeeyamaina vaividhyamaina vruttulanu anumatinchi undedani linching suuchistumdi. cardillera neegra yokka thoorpu vaalulapai unna guitarrero guha, eee praantaaniki praathamika preseramic pradaesaalaloo okatigaa panichestundi. lopala, linching mariyu athani brundam aneka samrakshinchabadina mokkala jaatulanu namodu chesaayi, veetilo pempudu mokkajonna rakalu mariyu pratyaekamgaa teerapraanta jaatula nundi vruksha padaarthaalu unnaayi. eee sendriya avasheshaala radiocarbon dating cardillera yokka maanava nivaasam kaneesam 10,000 samvatsaraala naatidani, bahusha anthakante ekkuva anie niroopistundi. itara chotla, uttara callejan looni cubrada perron yokka preseramic sait sanklishtamaina raathi pani mariyu vaelaadi samvatsaraalugaa raathi varkshapga nirantara upayogam yokka aadhaaraalanu kaligi undhi.
eee puurva nagarikatalu dheeniki mundu unnappatikee, eee pradaesam yokka praamukhyata kaaranamgaa chavin dii hunatar vadda chavin samskruti abhivruddhi tarachugaa modata charchinchabadutundi. chavin dii hunatar anedi shankhukose loya mariyu callejone dii huylas madhya kanumapai unna oka padubadina utsava samudaayam. daani saapekshamgaa takkuva ettulo ushnamandala adavi nundi parvata sikharaala varaku teerapraanta praantam varaku sameepamloni aneka bayomlaku pravesam kalpistundi. chavin dii hunatar kristupurvam 900 nundi kristupurvam 200 varaku aneka vandala samvatsaraalalo abhivruddhi chendindi, taruvaata rikaardu nundi ksheeninchindi. daani prabhavam vandala kilometres dhooramlo unna callejone dii huvaylas nundi, jackwetepec mariyu lamboic loyala varaku vistarinchindi, eee pradaesaalaloo kanipinche chavin-shaili kundalu mariyu nirmaanaalu dheeniki nidarsanam. suduura carvalo, chavin-shaili vastraalu unnaayi, ivi chavin saamskrutika paridhini pradarsistaayi. chavin oka mataparamaina mariyu teerthayaatra kendramgaa kooda panichesindi, mariyu pakopampa mariyu kuntur vaasi vanti suduura samskrutulu, kotta chavin aaraadhananu pratibimbimchaelaa vaari aalaya nirmaanam mariyu hastakalanu marchadanni manam chustamu. chavin kalalo jaagvarlu, caymans mariyu itara adavi jantuvulu vanti namuunaalu unnaayi, chavin network callejone dii huylasloni daani inti nundi chaalaa dhooramlo, tiiraalu mariyu adavi varaku vistarinchindani suuchistumdi.
kristupurvam 200 nundi praarambhamaina chavin dii hanatar daani munupati praamukhyata nundi ksheeninchindi, tvaralo puurtigaa vidichipetti, pradhanamgaa kuurchunnavaaru nivasinchaaru. eee samayam nundi sumaru cree. sha. 600 varaku, maanava saastravettalaku prarambha madhyantara kaalam anie piluvabade, callejone dii huylas chuttoo unna praantam puraavastu saastravettalu 'cheekati yugam' gaa abhivarninchina daaniloki digivacchindi.gatamlo, loyala madhya mariyu nadhee loyala venta sthaavaraalu pampinhee cheyabaddaayi, ippudu avi konda sikharaalapai mariyu rakshanaatmaka sthaanaalalo kendrikrutamai, eee praantamloo kotta yuddha taramgaanni suuchistunnaayi. ikkada udbhavinchina tadupari pradhana samskruti reque samskruti, idhi cree. sha. 250 recordulo modatisaari dhruvikarinchabadindi. tirigi vachhe sthaavaraalu rakshana dhoranini anusaristaayi mariyu shanta loyalo aadhipatyam chelaayinchadaaniki vyuuhaatmaka sthaanaalalo unchabadataayi. eee vilakshanhamaina sailiki udaaharanalalo chinchavas, pashash, hanco pampa, huwakarpone mariyu yayino pradaesaalu unnaayi. tirigi vachhe kundala shaili daani puurveekula nundi bhinnamgaa puurtigaa kottadaanni suuchistumdi. idhi kayolin bankamatti yokka vilakshanhamaina upayogam mariyu sanklishtamaina, erupu, telupu mariyu nalupu chitralekhana sailulapai aadharapadi untundi. tirigi vachhe samskruti kooda oka pratyaekamaina bhoogarbha antyakriyala sailini kaligi undhi.
chivariki, cree. sha. 600 loe, andis marosari saamskrutikamgaa madhya kshitijamloki ekam cheyadam praarambhinchaaru. eee yugamlo, rendu pedda samskrutulu aadhipatyam chelayinchayi uttara mariyu dakshinaana varusaga vaari mariyu tivaanaaku. callejone dii huylaslo, vaari pramukhamainadigaa maarindi, dheeniki modati sakshyam antyakriyala shaililo undhi. reque-vaara parivartana prarambhamainappudu, bhoogarbha antyakriyala shaili nundi uparitala chulpa sailiki maarpunu rikaardu pradarsistundi. gananeeyamaina kaalam kalisina taruvaata, eee samaadhulalo vaari shaililo kundalanu kaligi undatam praarambhinchindi. huvaaraajku thoorpuna unna marca zirka sait dheeniki manchi udaaharana. ikkada uddeshapoorvakamgaa khananam chesina chulpaalo vaari-shaili kundeelapai sekarana kanipistundi. hanco pampa vadda unna callejone dii huvaylaslo marekkada, saantaa loyaloki mariyu velupala oka pradhana maargam venta vaari devalayalu, seramics mariyu rahadari nirmaanaaniki aadharalu unnaayi, veetini aneka puraavastu saastravettalu vaari niyantrana yokka saamraajya swabhaavaaniki saakshyamgaa unchaaru. ayithe, eee samayaniki, callejone daani saamskrutika prabhavanni chaalaa varaku kolpoyi, vaari diguvasthaayi lopala oka provinsku digajaarinatlu spashtamgaa telustondi. ayithe, vaarilu eee praantaanni pradhanamgaa swayam paalanalo vadilivesaarane vaastavaanni chaalaa aadharalu suuchistunnaayi. cree. sha. padakondava sataabdam natiki, eee praantam nundi vaari prabhavam ksheeninchindi, mariyu puurva aadhunika peru mottam marosari madhyantara kaalamloki digipoyindi.
madhyantara kaalam chivarilo chinna taraha praantiiyavaadaaniki tirigi ravadam mariyu yea pradhana ekikarana niyantrana koratanu suuchistumdi. duradrushtavasaattu, eee kaalaaniki chendina chaalaa takkuva samadhulu mariyu kalakhandalu callejone dii huylas nundi adhyayanam cheyabaddaayi. kaskopunta nundi 21 kundala mukkalu uttamamgaa dhruveekarinchabadina aavishkaranalalo okati, ayithe, praantiiya vaanijyam inca jarugutondani suuchistumdi. eee kundalu chavo mariyu humary teerapraanta loyalaloni casma-shaili kundalatho balamaina saaruupyatalanu panchukuntaayi. rendu sailulu vaati anchula chuttoo pitcher medalu mariyu alankaara vruttaalanu kaligi untaayi. calizone dii huvaaylaasnu teerapraanta praantaalatoo ekikrutam chesina vistruta raashtraaniki idhi sakshyam anie melissa vogel suuchimchaaru, ayithe dheeniki itara aadharalu chaalaa takkuva. edemaina, kaskopunta sekarana daani roopakalpanalo ekkuva bhaganni callejone dii huylas mariyu callejone dii konchukose chuttoo unna itara, sthaanikamgaa utpannamaina kundalatho panchukuntundani spashtamgaa telustundi, idhi vaanijyam mariyu antar-saamskrutika sambandham kaneesam praantiiya praatipadikana konasaagutundani suuchistumdi. udaaharanaku, georg laa kaskopunta kundalaku mariyu sameepamloni chinchavalu mariyu karhuvajla madhya saaruupyatanu pradarsistaadu.
eee samayam nundi, callejone dii hwelas puraavastu recordulalo praamukhyata nundi masakabaarutundi mariyu chivari kshitijamu mariyu incas perugudala charchalalo prastaavinchabadaledu. 
jose dii shaan martin mariyu saiman bolivar eee loyanu daani vyuuhaatmaka viluva kaaranamgaa swaatantrya yuddhaala samayamlo sthaavaramgaa upayoginchaaru.
1885loe, pedro paablo atusparia loyalo raitu tirugubaatuku nayakudu.
1970 mae 31naa 1970loe vacchina ankash bhookampam kaaranamgaa sambhavinchina kondachariyalu virigipadatam valla yungay pattanam khananam cheyabadi 25,000 mandhi maraninchaaru. kevalam 92 mandhi matrame praanaalatoe bayatapaddaru, veerilo ekkuva mandhi bhookampam samayamlo smasaanavaatika mariyu stadiumlo unnaaru. praantiiya rajadhani huyaraj, alaage karaj mariyu aiza paakshikamgaa naasanam cheyabaddaayi.
sthaanika vrukshajaalam, jantujaalam mariyu puraavastu pradaesaalanu rakshinchadaaniki 1977loe unesco dwara callezone dii huvaylaslo unna huscorn jaateeya udyaanavanaanni prapancha jeevaavarana rakshita praantamgaa niyaminchaaru.
janabha.
callejone dii huvaylas" janabha pradhanamgaa kwechuwa mariyu spanish matlade andianlu, vaarilo ekkuva mandhi parvata gramalalo nivasinche chinna taraha mariyu jeevanaadhaara raitulu, shanta nadhi vembadi unna chinna pattanaalu mariyu nagaraalloni spanish matlade mestizosto kalisipooyaaru. dhanika mestizolu rajakeeyamgaa mariyu aardhikamgaa aadhipatyam chelaayistunnaaru, conny valasa, vidya mariyu paryatakam iteevali dasaabdaalalo janabhalo maarpulanu techhaayi.
chaalaa kwechuwa kutumbaalu saampradaaya aahara, sangeetam mariyu dustulaku kattubadi untaayi, ayinappatikee ippatikee sell phonelu unnaayi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa vaari polaallo ginia pandulu mariyu itara vyavasaya jantuvulanu penchutaayi. purushulu saadhaaranamgaa aadhunika pyantu, collar shartulu mariyu sweaterlanu sweekarinchinappatiki, kwechuwa mahilalu spaanishlo "poleras" anie piluvabade liklas mariyu layered rangu skartulanu dharinchadam konasaaginchaaru. purushulu mariyu mahilalu iddaroo saampradaaya shaililo "lanck 'ees" anae praathamika cheppulanu dharistaaru, ayithe avi ippudu kaaru tyrela nundi recycle chesina rabbarutho tayaaru cheyabadutunnayi. eee praantamlooni vividha marketla nundi oka jataku sumaru 5 "arikaalla" kuu yea parimaanamlonainaa vaatini konugolu cheyavachu.
vaataavarana maarpu.
loyalo vaataavaranam upaushnamandala mariyu podigaa untundi. varshaakaalam october nundi april varaku untundi, eee samayamlo daadaapu prati madhyahnam varsham kurise avakaasam untundi. vaarshika sagatu ushnograta pagatipuuta 16.6 degreela celsius mariyu raatri 12.6 degreela celsius untundi.
varshakaalaalu takkuva varshapaatam mariyu podi rutuvulu vaedigaa mariyu podigaa maaradamtho, vaataavarana maarpu peruvian prabhutvaaniki chaalaa aandolana kaliginche amsamgaa maarindi. himaaneenadaalu taggutuu undadamtho, prasiddha paryataka pradaesam pasturi vanti aneka himaaneenadaalu 20 samvatsaraalalo adrusyamavutaayani chaalaa aandolana undhi. idhi tama praadhamika neeti vanarugaa himanadeeya pravaahampai aadhaarapade aneka pattanaala unikini bediristundi mariyu himanadeeya nadulu endipovadamtho nagaralaku valasalu peragadaaniki daariteestundi.
inca, eee praantam vedekkutunna koddi, domalu vanti paraannajeevulu varshakalamlo manugada saaginchagalavu mariyu gatamlo vaariki nivaasayogyamgaa laeni adhika ettulo jeevinchagalavu. eee pokadalu eee praantamloo prajaarogyaaniki pramaadaanni kaligistaayi, mariyu callejone dii huylas yokka maarutunna vaataavaranaanni parishkarinchadaaniki prabhutvampai ottidi techhe avakaasam kooda undhi.
paryatakam.
eee loya peruviyanlu mariyu vidaeseeyulaku adbhutamaina paryataka kendram, mariyu huwaraj nagaram pradhana aakarshanhalaku parytanalanu nirvahinche vividha rakaala sthaanika paryatana samsthalaku nilayam. paryatakulu pradhanamgaa trekking mariyu parvataaroohana kosam vastaaru, ayithe eee praantam skiing, paragliding mariyu rafting vanti sahasa kreedalaku, alaage puraavastu shaastram mariyu vrukshashaastraaniki kooda avakaasaalanu andistundi.
kristupurvam 900 nundi 300 varaku vistarinchi unna chavin samskruti yokka avasheshamaina chavin dii huantar vadda unnavi vanti puurva-inca sidhilaalu samrakshinchabaddaayi mariyu adhyayanam cheyabaddaayi mariyu mukhyamaina paryataka aakarshananu andistaayi.
ekki.
uttara ardhagolamlo ekke kaalam vesavitho samanamga untundi, endukante podi kaalam sumaru mae nundi september varaku untundi. cardillera blanca yokka chaalaa sikharaalapai bahula adhirohana margalu praarambhinchabaddaayi mariyu vivarinchabaddaayi, ivi ii nundi ess varaku kashtataramainavi, mariyu huwaraj guide association anni sthaayila parvataaroohakulaku eee praantamlooni daadaapu yea sikharam varaku maarganirdesam chestundi.
callejone yokka ushnamandala vaedi kaaranamgaa, podi kaalamlo manchu rekha 5,000 meterla kante ekkuvagaa untundi. 5, 000 mea mariyu 6,000 mea madhya chaalaa varaku ekkadam saadhaaranamgaa rendu rojullo jarugutundihi oka roeju cherukovadaniki mariyu oka roeju sikharaaniki cherukovadaniki. eee shrenilo ettaina sikharamaina nevado huskarannu saadhaaranamgaa moodu rojullo vividha maargaala dwara adhirohistaaru.
eee praantamloo aneka kashtataramaina adhirohanalu unnaayi, mariyu chaalaa mandhi cardillera blanca sikharaalapai maraninchaaru. eee praantamloo manchu paristhitulu prapanchamlooni itara praantaalaku bhinnamgaa untaayi, mariyu chaalaa mandhi anubhavam laeni adhirohakulu konni takkuva sikharaala saapeksha saanketika soulabhyam kaaranamgaa vaari saamardhyaaniki minchi ledhaa alavaatu padataniki taginanta samayam vecchinchakundaa ekkadaaniki prayatnistaaru. peru looni vastuvula saadhaarana dharalatho polchinappudu guide servies dharalu ekkuvagaa kanipinchinappatikii, avi prapanchamlooni itara adhirohana praantaala kante takkuvagaa untaayi mariyu pramaadaanni tagginchadaaniki oka mukhyamaina maargam.