
chemotroff

chemotroff anedi vaari parisaraalalo electron daatala aakseekarana dwara saktini pondhe jeevi. eee anuvulu sendriya (chemurganotrophes) ledhaa akarbana (chemolithotrophes) kaavacchu. chemotroff hodha photaanlanu upayoginche phototrophlaku viruddhamgaa untundi. chemotrophlu autotrophic ledhaa heterotrophic kaavacchu. electron daatalu adhika saandrataloo unna praantaalalo chemotrophlanu kanugonavacchu, udaaharanaku hydrothermal vents chuttoo.
chemoatotrophe.
rasayana praticharyala nundi saktini pondadamtho paatu, chemoatotrophelu, carbon dioxide nundi avasaramaina anni sendriya sammelanaalanu samslaeshanha chestaayi. chemoatotrophelu saktini utpatti cheyadaaniki hydrogen sulfide, elemental sulfur, ferrous iron, molecular hydrogen mariyu ammonia ledhaa sendriya vanarula vanti akarbana shakti vanarulanu upayoginchavacchu. chaalaa varaku chemoatotrophelu pratikuula vaataavaranaalaloo (lothaina samudra dwaaraalu vantivi) nivasinche extrophiles, bacteria ledhaa archia mariyu atuvanti paryaavarana vyavasthalalo praadhamika utpattidaarulu. chemoatotrophelu saadhaaranamgaa aneka samuhaluga vastaih methanogenlu, sulfur aakseekaranalu mariyu tagginchevi, nitrifierlu, anamax bacteria mariyu thermoacedophiles. eee prokaaryotlalo okadaaniki udaaharana "sulpholobus". chemolithotrophic perugudala natakeeyamgaa vaegamgaa untundi, udaaharanaku "hydrogenovibrio crunogenous" oka ganta rettimpu samayam thoo untundi.
1897loe wilhelm feffer roopondinchina "chemosynthesis" anae padaanni, vaastavaaniki autotrophytho kalisi akarbana padaarthaala aakseekarana dwara shakti utpattigaa nirvachinchaaru-eee roeju dheeniki chemolithoatotrophy anie paeru pettaru. taruvaata, eee padam chemurganotrophyni kooda kaligi untundi, antey, dheenini chemoatrophyki paryaayapadamgaa chudavachu.
chemoheterotroff.
chemoheterotroflu (ledhaa chemotrophic heterotrophlu) tama sonta sendriya sammelanaalanu roopondinchadaaniki kaarbannu sthiraparachalekapotaayi. chemoheterotroflu chemolithoheterotrophlu kaavacchu, sulfur vanti akarbana electron muulaalanu upayoginchukovachhu, ledhaa, chaalaa saadhaaranamgaa, chemurganoheterotrophlu, carbohydratelu, lipidlu mariyu proteins vanti sendriya electron muulaalanu upayoginchukovachhu. chaalaa jantuvulu mariyu sileendhraalu halophiles maadirigaane chemoheterotrophsku udaaharanalu.
iron-mariyu manganese-oxidising bacteria.
iron-oxidising bacteria anedi chemotrophic bacteria, ivi karigina ferrous ironnu aakseekarana cheyadam dwara saktini pondutaayi. ivi 0.1 mg/l kante takkuva inumu saandrata kaligina neetilo perugutaayi mariyu vistaristaayi. ayithe, aakseekarananu nirvahinchadaaniki kaneesam 0.3 ppm karigina oxygen avasaram.
jeevarasaayana praticharyalalo palgone proteinla nirmaanam vanti aneka jeevakriya praticharyalanu nirvahinchadaaniki jeevulaku avasaramaina chaalaa mukhyamaina moolakam iron. eee proteinlaku udaaharanalalo iron-sulfur proteins, haemoglobin mariyu samanvaya samudaayaalu unnaayi. inumu prapanchavyaaptamgaa vistrutamgaa vyaapinchindi mariyu bhoomi yokka crust, matti mariyu avakshepaalalo atyanta samruddhiga pariganinchabadutundi. samudra vaataavaranamloo inumu oka trace moolakam. konni chemolithotrophela gvakriyalo daani paatra bahusha chaalaa puraatanamainadi.
kaneesa notla yokka libig chattam prakaram, athi chinna mottamlo unde mukhyamaina amsam (parimiti karakam anie pilustaaru) janabha vruddhi retunu nirnayistundi. phytoplankton communitylalo inumu atyanta saadhaarana parimita moolakam mariyu vaati samruddhini roopondinchadamlo mariyu nirnayinchadamlo keelaka paatra poeshistumdi. adhika poeshakaalu, takkuva chlorophyll praantaalalo idhi chaalaa mukhyamainadi, ikkada mottam praadhamika utpattiki suukshmapooshakaala uniki tappanisari.
suuchanalu.
1. katrina edwardes. "oka avakshepana cheruvu yokka suukshmajeevasaastram mariyu antarleena yuva, challani, jalasambandhamgaa churukaina sikharam paarsvam". woods hole oshanographic samstha.
2. planctonic rosobacter lanty bacteria yokka yugma prakaasa rasayana mariyu enzymatic mn (ii) aakseekarana margalu 
colean emm. hansel mariyu criss eah. frances * 
department off geological und environmental sciences, stanford vishwavidyaalayam, stanford, california 94305-2115 
28 september 2005/aamodinchabadina 17 fibravari 2006