
lask

lask (;) anedi madhya polandloni 16,925 mandhi nivaasitulatoe (2020) unna oka pattanam. idhi lask kounteeki rajadhani, mariyu idhi ladge voyodospeshlo undhi. polish vaimanika dalam yokka 32va vaimanika sthaavaram sameepamlo undhi.
charitra.
lask 11va sataabdamloo sthaapinchabadindi, mariyu 14va sataabdam nundi idhi saktivantamaina laskki kuleena kutumbaaniki kendramgaa undhi. corub, kutumbam yokka kotu off arms, eee roeju varaku pattanam yokka kotu off armsga migilipoyindi. lask gurinchi modati prastaavana 1356 nundi vachindi. 1366loe oka charchi nirminchabadindi, mariyu 1498loe polish yuvaraju mariyu polland frederic jagilon yokka primate paedala kosam oka aasupatrini sthaapinchaaru. 1422loe polish raaju rendava vladisla jaarii chesina patram kaaranamgaa dheeniki shroda slaska namoonaga pattana hakkulu manjuru cheyabaddaayi. raaju vaarshika pradarsana mariyu varapu marketnu kooda erpaatu chesaadu. 1504loe alegzander jagiyallan raaju adhikaaraalanu dhruveekarinchi, vistarinchaadu. chetipanulu tvaralo abhivruddhi chendaayi mariyu 1517-1523 loe, polland zaan laski yokka primate samrakshanhalo pattanam yokka mylurayi gothik collegiate charchini nirminchaaru. idhi 18va sataabdamloo barok shaililo paakshikamgaa punarnirminchabadindi. hyronomous laski prayatnaalaku krutagnatalu, raaju sigismund III vasa 1613loe naalugu kotta utsavaalanu manjuru chesaadu. laski kutumbam taruvaata, 1660 nundi polland vibhajanala varaku eee pattanam nadolsky, virzbowski mariyu zaluski kutumbaalaku chendinadi. lask paripalanaparamga polland raajyamlooni grater polland provinceloni searadge voyodospeshlo undhi.
16va sataabdam chivaralo yoodulu eee pattanamlo sthirapadatam praarambhinchaaru. appati nundi, pattanamlooni yoodula janabha sagatuna mottam janabhalo 50 saatam nundi 65 saatam madhya undhi, idhi eee praantamlooni chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna chinna tholu charmasuddhi, vastraalu mariyu aaharam praathamika parisramalu. intiperlu laski (laski) mariyu laskar pattana paeru nundi udbhavinchaayi, munupati intiperu unna vaarilo chaalaa mandhi polish santatiki chendinavaaru, ayithe tarachugaa taruvaati vaaru yoodu santatiki chendinavaaru.
1793loe polland rendava vibhajanalo prussia rajyam lasknu swaadheenam chesukundi, 1807loe idhi swalpakaalika polish duchy off warsa loe bhaagamaindi, 1815loe dheenini congress polandlo bhaagamgaa niyaminchaaru, taruvaata balavantamgaa russialo vileenam chesaaru. polish janabha 19va sataabdapu polish tirugubaatlu mariyu deshabhakti vyakteekaranalalo paalgondi. adhe samayamlo, russialo himsa nundi paaripotunna yoodula pravahanni lask chusindi ("sthiranivaasam yokka laetha" chudandi).
1903loe eee pattanam railway lineku anusandhaaninchabadindi mariyu paarisraamika karmagaralu nirminchabaddaayi. modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo, eee pattanaanni germany aakraminchindi, yuddham taruvaata, 1918loe polland tirigi swaatantryam pondadamtho, idhi polandto tirigi vileenam cheyabadindi. 1919loe, lask, ladge voyodospeshlo oka county sthaanamgaa maarindi. 1939 natiki, "pattanamlo nivasistunna mottam 6,000 mandhi janabhalo 3,864 mandhi yoodulu unnaaru."
rendava prapancha yuddham.
1939 septembarulo polland dandayaatra mariyu rendava prapancha yuddham praarambhamtho, lasknu vehrmacht aakraminchi, naajii germany swaadheenam chesukundi. aaa taruvaata eee pattanam kottagaa erpadina reachsgou wartheland provincelo "lask" yokka county ledhaa jillaalo ("crease") bhaagamgaa nirvahinchabadindi, mariyu janabhalo sagam mandhi yoodulu mariyu polish medhaavulanu naajii germany jaathi vidhanam prakaram kramapaddhatilo lakshyamgaa chesukuni nirmuulinchaaru. 1939 decemberlo "intelligenzaction" samayamlo sameepamloni laajivniki (prastuta jilla λοdz) loe naajii germany chesina pedda stambhaala oochakotha baadhitulaloo lask nundi vacchina konni stambhaalu unnaayi.
1940 janavarilo, yoodula telegraph agency nivedinchina prakaram, 100 mandhi yoodu pourulu etuvanti vichaarana lekunda saamuhikamgaa uriteeyabaddaaru, endukante naajeelu intintiki jaripina shodhanalalo vaaru aayudhalu kaligi unnaarani, pratighatinchaalani yochistunnatlu velladaindi. aaa taruvaata pattanamlooni yoodula mandiram chuttoo naajeelanu chuttumuttaru, bhavananni rakshinchadaaniki prayatninchinappudu "vandalaadi" yoodulu kalchi champabaddaru. vaari maranaalatoe, naajeelu aaa nirmaanaanni mantapai unchaaru mariyu adhi agnilo kaalipoyindi. 1940 decemberu natiki, eee saamuuhika hatyala nundi bayatapadina pattanaaniki chendina 3,467 mandhi yoodulu oka ghettoku parimitam cheyabaddaaru.
1941loe chuttupakkala praantaala nundi vandalaadi mandhi itara yoodulanu eee praantaaniki teesukuvacchaaru. adhe samayamlo, germanlu pattanamlooni paatha yoodula smasaanavaatikanu dhvamsam chesi, daani samaadhulatoe pattanamlooni kaalibaatalanu sugamam chesaaru. oka samvatsaram taruvaata, 1942 augustu 24naa, ghetto yokka "parisamaapti" jarigindi. balaheenamgaa ledhaa anaarogyamtho unnavaarini puurtigaa hatya chesaaru, migilina yoodulandarinee pattanam velupala unna charchiki teesukellaaru. akkada vaarini pareekshinchaaru, mariyu 760 mandhi empika chesina yoodulanu ladge ghettoku badilee chesaaru, kontamandi anaarogyamtho akkadikakkade champabaddaru, mariyu migilina 3,500 mandhi yoodulanu chelmno nirmuulana shibiraniki ravana chesaaru, akkada vaaru champabaddaru. taruvaata, germanlu pattanamlo daakkunna migilina yoodulanu vetaadi, vaarandarinii champaru. 1942 augustulo naajeelachae nirmoolinchabadina 3,517 laskar yoodula ghnaapakaartham laskloni oka goda phalakam undhi. yuddhamlo 20 laskar yoodulu matrame praanaalatoe bayatapaddaru, okadaanni oka kraistava raitu dachipettadu.
erra sainyam raaka, 1945loe yuddham mugisina taruvaata, lask peeples republic off polandlo bhaagamaindi. 2004 natiki, "lasklo 18,948 mandhi nivaasitulu unnaaru...] mariyu yoodula nivaasulu evaruu teliyadu."
iteevali kaalamlo.
idhi 1975 nundi 1998 varaku paripalanaparamga searadge voyodospeshlo undhi.
2012 november nundi us vaimanika dalam yokka oka vibhagam lask vaimanika sthaavaramlo saasvatamgaa unchabadindi.
janta pattanaalu.
lask dheenitho jantagaa untundih

