
tolouse yuddham (1814)

aarava sankeerna deshaalaku french saamrajyaanni nepolian longadeesukunna naalugu rojula taruvaata, tolouse yuddham (10 april 1814) nepolian yuddhaala chivari yuddhaalalo okati. munupati saradrutuvulo kashtataramaina poraatamlo speyin nundi nirutsaahapadina mariyu vicchinnamaina french saamraajya sainyalanu nettina taruvaata, duke off wellington aadhvaryamlo mitraraajyaala british-portugees mariyu spanish sainyam 1814 vasantakaalamlo dakshina fraansloki yuddhanni konasaaginchindi.
praantiiya rajadhani tolouse marshal soult chetha drudhamgaa rakshinchabadindi. april 10naa jarigina raktapaata poraatamlo oka british mariyu rendu spanish vibhagalu teevramgaa debbatinnaayi, mitraraajyaala nashtalu 3,000 french praananashtaalanu adhigaminchaayi. soult thana sainyamtho kalisi pattanam nundi tappinchukune mundu adanapu roeju paatu nagaranni pattukuni unnadu, mugguru generallatho sahaa gayapadina athani 1,600 mandini vidichipettadu.
april 12 udayam wellington pravesam goppa sankhyalo french rajavadulache prasamsimchabadimdi, idhi nagaramlo sambhaavya aidava kaalam amsaala gurinchi soult yokka munupati bhayalanu dhruveekarinchindi. aaa madhyahnam, nepolian padavee viramana mariyu yuddham mugimpu yokka adhikaarika padam wellingtonku cherukundi. april 17naa soult yuddha viramanaku angeekarinchaadu.
mundumaata.
aaa samvatsaram praarambhamlo france paie vaari vijayavantamaina dandayaatra taruvaata, wellington yokka markwess ayina feeled marshal orther welsley yokka atyunnata aadesam krinda british, portugees mariyu spanish dalaalatoe kuudina aarava sankeernam yokka mitraraajyaala sainyam, fraanslooni migilina konni pattana kendraalalo okataina tolouse nagaranni muttadinchindi, idhi ippatikee nepolianku vidheyata kaligi undhi.
dalmatia duke marshal zeane-dii-diu soult aadhvaryamlo sumaru 42,000 mandhi french dalaalu tolouse nagaranni moharinchaayi. dakshina france antataa saamraajya dalaalu tama sonta desamlo aanglo-mitraraajyaala dalaalatoe poradatam dwara chaalaa nirutsaahapaddaayi, mariyu uttara mariyu thoorpu fraanslo padepade sankeerna vijayala vaartalatoe marinta kadilinchabaddaayi. mitraraajyaala pracharam 1813loe french dalaalanu kramamga speyin nundi tarimikottindi, antuleni gerilla yuddhaala phalitamgaa 1808 mariyu 1813 chivarilo 300,000 kante ekkuva mandhi french praananashtam jarigindi. 1813 octoberulo leapsig vadda mitraraajyaala vijayam taruvaata uttara mariyu thoorpu fransupy daadi chestunna sankeerna sainyalanu edurkontunna thana dalaalanu balopetam cheyadaaniki nepolian aneka dakshina dalaalanu mallinchadamtho dakshina fraanslo french maanavasaktilo ekkuva nashtalanu chavichusindi.
praathamika karyakalapalu.
ledhaa.
fibravari 1814 chivaralo orthez yuddhamlo wellington chetilo soult otami taruvaata, french marshal nadhi venuka uttaraana seyint-sever vaipu tirogaminchaadu. aatma oka gandaragolapu kommulapai undhi. athanu vaayuvya disalo bordeolanu ledhaa thoorpuna toulouselanu rakshinchagaligaadu, conny athanu rendintinee rakshinchalekapoyadu. french sainyam bordiaux sameepamlo aaharaanni pondadamlo ibbandi paduthuu, vaari venuka bhaagamlo garon nadini unchutundi. anduvalla, soult tananu taanu tolouse meeda aadharam chesukovadaniki ennukunnadu.
bordo.
soult thoorpuku kadulutuu, wellington fraanslooni moodava atipedda nagaramaina bordo nuu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki beresford mariyu rendu vibhaagaalanu pampaadu. eee saktini tagginchadaaniki, british general 8000 spanish padaatidalaanni mariyu british bhaarii aswikadalam balagaluga pilicharu. spanish french graameena praantaalanu dochukuni gerilla yuddhanni prerepistundani bhayapadi, wellington thana mitradeshaalanu british perol mariyu sarafara vyavasthapai unchaadu. intalo, british-portugees-spanish sainyam 2 marchi naa oka gharshanalo frenchnu ire-surr-ell 'adour nundi bayataku nettindi. soult tirigi pliescence mariyu mouborgute vaipu, paschimam vaipu vaipu tirigi vacchaadu. padhi rojula viramam taruvaata, aaa samayamlo wellington yokka balagalu ravadam praarambhinchaayi.
marchi 12naa, beresford pratighatana lekunda bordiaksnu swaadheenam chesukunnadu. 7va vibhaganni oka dalam vale vadili, athanu 4va vibhaagamto wellingtonlo chaeradaaniki tirigi parugettaadu. intalo, 17-18 march loe, 100 mandhi french aswikadalamtho kuudina daadiloo, kepten dauma mitraraajyaala sainyam yokka dakshina paarsvaanni chuttumutty, seyint-severpy daadi chesi, akkada 100 mandhi purushulanu bandhinchaadu. adhe samayamlo, wellington soult sainyanni chikkukupotanani aasistuu thana daadini praarambhinchaadu. thoorpuna seyint-goudense mariyu eshaanyamlo tolouse varaku vaegamgaa kavaatu cheyadam dwara, french vaaru british parshwa stambhaalanu nivaarinchaaru. soult thana sainikulanu nagara godala venuka mariyu kotala venuka unchaaru.
prarambha kadalikalu.
4 april naa, wellington injaneerlu french nagaraniki uttaraana varadala garon meedugaa oka pantoon vantenanu visiraru. 19, 000 aanglo-alleelu daatina taruvaata, vantena daari teesindi, moodu rojula paatu purushulanu chikkukundi. conny wellington sainyanni vivaramgaa oodinchadaaniki thana avakaasaanni sadviniyogam chesukovadamlo soult viphalamayyaadu. 8 april naa, leftinent-kalnal surr henry murre aadhvaryamlo british 18 va hussar luu aamepai chroix dii 'orade vadda vantenanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. intalo, april 7 ardharaatri naadu, adhikaarika courier paris nundi napolian padavee viramana chesi, yuddham mugisindani vaartalatoe bayaludaeraaru.
french rakshana.
toulouse garon meeda undhi, idhi nairuti nundi nagaramloki pravahistundi, taruvaata vaayuvya disalo tirugutundi mariyu nishkramistundi. garonuku thoorpuna, chinna aame-mort (aame) nagaram daati aagneya nundi eesaanyam varaku nadustundi, idhi oka irukaina caridarnu yerparustundi. uttaraana nundi nagarampai daadi cheyadaaniki, wellington yokka pradhana dalam garon yokka thoorpu odduku daatavalasi untundi, aapai rendu nadula madhya carridar nundi aagneya disalo nadavali.
garonku paschimaana seyint-cyprian yokka balavardhakamaina shivaaru praantam undhi. uttaraana, soult yokka bayati rakshana rekha languedoke kaaluvapai undhi. moodu vantenalu kaaluvanu daati, vaayuvya disalo pont jumo, uttaraana paant dess minims mariyu eshaanyamlo paant dii matabiu vadda unnaayi. prati crossing oka saktivantamaina redout dwara aadesinchabadindi. calvinet (mont rave) yokka ettulu nagaraniki thoorpuna mariyu aame nadiki paschimaana perigayi. ettaina pradaesaalu aneka redabtsto kappabaddayi. soult oka vibhaagamto seyint-cyprene mariyu maroka vibhaagamto kaaluva rekhanu kaligi undhi. zeane-pierry travet yokka nirbandha sainikulu nagara godalaku varusalo unnaaru. zeane dermagnock yokka vibhajana ettulu mariyu kaaluva madhya undedi. zeane isidor harrispay mariyu yujeen-kasimir villatte vibhagalu eloi toppin yokka vibhaagamto ettulanu rakshinchaayi. piere soult yokka aswikadalam thoorpu mariyu dakshinaana pradarsinchabadindi. (yuddhabhumi ippudu aadhunika nagaramaina tolouselo undhi.)
yuddham.
wellington april 10va teedeena eestar aadivaaram naadu thana daadini praarambhinchaadu. soult yokka konni dalaalanu mallinchaalani aasistuu, british general 2 va division mariyu portugees division yokka 12,600 mandhi purushulatho kalisi kondanu seyint-cyprenpy daadi cheyadaaniki pampaadu. migilina aanglo-allead sainyam (36,000) garonku thoorpuna mariyu nagaraniki uttaraana panichesindi. 3va vibhagam vaayuvya kaaluva rekhanu edurkoni thoorpuna kaanti vibhaganni kaligi undhi. wellington calvinet yokka ettulaku vyatiraekamgaa thana pradhana prayatnam cheyaalani pranaalika vaesaadu. beresford 4va mariyu 6va vibhaagaalanu mariyu hussar brigedlanu aame paschima odduku teesukuvelataadu. athanu nagaraniki thoorpuna unna oka pradaesaaniki cherukunna tarvaata, beresford paschimaana tirugutuu, husaarlu athani dakshina paarsvaanni rakshistuu ettaina pradaesaalapai daadi chestaadu. adhe samayamlo, freer thana rendu spanish vibhaagaalato ettaina uttara chivarapai daadi chestaadu. rendu bhaarii dragoon brigedlu reservelo vechi unnaayi.
prarambha daadulu.
paschimaana, konda french avutpostulalo nadichindi, conny poraatam teevramainadi kaadu. athani dalaalu daadaapu 80 mandhi praananashtaaniki gurayyayi. thana aadesaalanu minchi, thamus picton thana 3va vibhaagamto paant jumoxpy puurti sthaayi daadini praarambhinchaadu mariyu 400 mandhi praananashtamto tippikottaadu. intalo, beresford yokka purushulu burada polaalanu edurkoni, schedule kante venukabadi padipoyaru. thana firangulanu taralinchaleka, athanu firangulanu ettaina uttara chivara sameepamlo unchi, kaalpulu jarapalani aadesinchaadu. idhi samyukta daadiki sanketam anie bhaavinchi, freer, ettaina pradaesaalapai daadi cheyadaaniki thana manushulanu pampaadu. spanish padaatidalam kondapaiki doosukelli, rahadari kothalo oka kshanaaniki pattu saadhinchindi, conny vaaru french kotlaatadaarula meghamto edurudaadiki gurai, ventane paaripoyaaru. light division dwara kappabadi, spanish paadachaarulu ryali chesi, daadi chesi, rendavasari odipoyaaru.
ettulu ettandi.
chivaraku, beresford yokka rendu aanglo-portugees vibhagalu 6va vibhaagamto mundanjalo undi, vaari sthaanaalanu daataayi. french division edurudaadiki digindi, conny sulabhamgaa paiki nadapabadindi. "chaalaa daggaragaa unna shrenilo congreave rocketla varsham frenchnu kramaraahityamloki nettindi; rae yokka brigade daari tappinchindi mariyu idhi, gasket yokka brigade tirigi kramaraahityamlo padipovadaaniki kaaranamaindi". vaaru teevramaina pratighatana unnappatikee ettaina pradaesaalaku tama marganni poraadaaru, taruvaata kontha phirangini laagadaaniki viramam icchaaru. uttara disagaa oogutuu, vaaru french rakshananu penchadam praarambhinchaaru. beresford yokka manushulu rendu redout lanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru, vaatini edurudaadiki kolpoyaru mariyu chivaraku 4 va vibhaganni munduku teesukuvacchina taruvaata vaatini mallee swaadheenam chesukunnaru. ettulu kolpoyinanduna, soult thana sainikulanu nagaram yokka kotala venukaku upasamharinchukunnaadu.
april 11va teedeena soult toulousenu nirvahinchindi, conny toulouse-carcasson rahadaaripaiki velutunna mitraraajyaala aswikadalam gurtinchina taruvaata nagaram nundi bayataku vellaalani nirnayinchukundi. aaa saayantram 9 gantalaku, french vaaru carcasone road dwara tolouse nundi bayataku vacchaaru.
paryavasanamga.
april 12 udayam nagara adhikaarula pratinidhi brundam nagaranni mitraraajyaala sainyaniki appaginchindi. aaa madhyahnam, wellingtonku nepolian padavee viramana gurinchi frederic ponsonby nundi bordo dwara vaartalu vachayi. konni gantala taruvaata saayantram, adhikaarika courier paris nundi vachinappudu idhi nirdhaarinchabadindi. wellington vaarini ventane soult kuu pampaadu.
praananashtam.
mitraraajyaala sainyam 4,558 mandhi praananashtaaniki guraindi, veetilo freer divisionla nundi 1,900 mariyu 6va division nundi 1,500 mandhi maraninchaaru. brigade commanderlu denis pyaak, james douglus mariyu thamus brisbane gayapaddaru. french mrutula sankhya 231 mandhi adhikarulu mariyu 3,005 mandhi purushulu, veerilo toppin kooda maraninchaaru.
aayudhaala viramana.
april 13naa willefranche nundi castelnadariki ayana kavaatu chestunnappudu maarshalnu paris nundi adhikarulu pattukunnaru. vaaru oka tiraskarananu edurkonnaru-aatma vaari aadhaaraala praamaanikata gurinchi tananu taanu nammaledani prakatinchindi. taatkaalika paalana chattabaddhataku balamaina aadharalu tanaku labhinche varaku daanini angeekarinchadaaniki ayana khachitamgaa niraakarinchaaru. taatkaalika prabhutvaanni angeekarinchadaaniki soult niraakarinchina taruvaata, wellington april 14naa ataniki samadhanam pampaaru, athanu longipoye varaku etuvanti yuddha viramana manjuru cheyabadadani; nepolian kutrala prayojanam kosam marshal thana sainyanni thana chetullo unchukoovaalani korukunnarani anumaaninchabadindi. april 15 natiki perpignon vadda marshal schet sakshyalanu angeekarinchi, kotta prabhutvam yokka vaikharilo tananu taanu unchukuni, wellington nuu yuddha viramana kosam koraadu.
yuddham yokka chivari pradhana charya april 14naa bayan yuddhamlo jarigindi, french commander thouvenot muttadi cheyabadina nagaram nundi mitraraajyaala shrenulaku vyatiraekamgaa "sarty" kii naayakatvam vahinchaadu.
april 17naa, soult chivaraku berthier nundi oka pampakam andukundi, idhi chakravarthy padavee viramana mariyu phalitamgaa anni vargalalo satrutvam nilipiveyabadutundani adhikarikamga prakatinchindi. antaku minchi aemee cheyalsina avasaram ledhu, adhe roeju, athani cheef off staff yuddha viramanapai santakam cheyadaaniki toolusku velli, dakshinaana poraataanni muginchaadu. 1814 vesavilo septembarulo mitraraajyaala dalaala upasamharanato eee nagaram kluptamgaa sankeerna niyantranalo unchabadindi.
vyakhyanam.
british mariyu french charitrakaarulu iddaroo tama tama deshaalaku vijayam saadhinchaarani paerkonnaaru. french sainyanni bandhinchaalane thana lakshyalanu saadhinchadamlo wellington viphalamainanduna french vijayam saadhinchindani, ayithe soult eee sthaanaanni pattukoodaaniki eppuduu uddesinchaledu, conny daanini kevalam vivaadam cheyadaaniki, wellington sainyampai daadi cheyadaaniki mundu marshal sacketto ekam kaavadaaniki uddesinchindihi tolousenu teesukovadam chaalaa takkuva, ayithe french vaari sthaanaalalo okadaanni kolpoyindi conny vaari sainyam odipoledu, deenivalla wellington sarafaraalanu vrudhaa chesi bhaarii praananastaanni chavichusindi. british vaaru vijayam saadhinchaaru endukante tolouse vaari chetullo mugisindi mariyu french vaaru balavantamgaa bhoomini vadulukovalasi vachindi. adanamgaa, british vaaru ettaina pradaesaalaloo oka tupaakeeni teesukunnaru mariyu french vaaru vidichipettinappudu itarulanu vidichipettaru (tupaakulanu teesukovadam ledhaa kolpovadam tarachugaa samakaaleenulu vijayam ledhaa otamitho sanketamgaa teesukuntaaru).

