
gertrude mokely

gertrude charlot mokely (fibravari 18,1905-marchi 28,1998) oka american librarian mariyu tarro panditudu. italian punarujjeevanamlo udbhavinchina tarot yokka vigraharadhana yokka mottamodati mariyu atyanta mukhyamaina kathanaanni vraasinanduku mokle prasiddhi chendaadu. aame newyork public librarylo panicheesaaru.
nedu, tarro oka prajaadarana pondina aata, mariyu prapanchavyaaptamgaa unna kshudravaadulu, bhavishyattu cheppevaaru mariyu kotta yugam autsaahikulaku aakarshanheeyamaina vastuvu. mokle eee taruvaati vishayaalapai vraasi matladinappatiki (mokle, 1954; poppus, 1958; weit, 1959), aame tarro charitra mariyu roopaka trump kaardula ardham gurinchi konni panditula pustakaalalo okadaanni rasinanduku gurthunchukobadindi. eee amsampai aame 1956 vyaasam mariyu aame 1966 pustakam rendintinee warberg paatasaala yokka agrashreni kalaa charitrakaarudu erwin panofsky, alaage play-card mariyu tarro charitra yokka pramukha panditudu maikhel dummet prasamsimchaaru.
jeevita charitra.
mokely fibravari 18,1905naa pensylvanialoni pitsburglo orther irving mokely mariyu josephine henry (nee barret) tallidandrulaku janminchaadu. 
aame bii andukundi.eah. 1926loe bernard kalaasaala nundi classixlo degree mariyu eah bii.ess. 1928loe columbia university school off library sains nundi library sainslo degree. 1926loe barnardku hajarainappudu, aameku tatlock bahumati (zeane tatlock gouravaartham paeru pettabadindi) labhinchindi. 
graduation taruvaata, mokely newyork public library (nvipl) loe librarianga panicheyadam praarambhinchaadu. aame newyork vishwavidhyaalayamlo ketalog erpaatupai upanyaasaalu ichindi, nvipl bulletin mariyu journal off catalogging und classificationlo kathanaalanu prachurinchindi. nvipl circulation vibhagam yokka filing kodnu savarinchina pratyeka kamiteeki aame adhyakshuraligaa panicheesaaru. 
mokely american library associationku chairparsanga panicheesaaru. ketalog kaardulanu daakhalu cheyadaaniki alaa niyamaalanu savarinchina kamiteeki kooda aame chairmanga unnaaru. aame 1933 nundi 1970 varaku librarianla directorylalo kanipinchindi, mariyu aame filing kodlapai aneka pustakaalanu prachurinchindi. 
aame 1984loe floridaaku vellindi. mokely seyint loe maraninchaadu. pietersburg, florida, marchi 28,1998naa.
mokle mariyu aadhunika tarro.
1970laloe tarro patla samakaaleena aakarshana abhivruddhi chendindi, conny rendu dasaabdaala kritam mokle eee vishayam gurinchi vraasi matladutunnadu. aame vyasalanu prachurinchindi, eee amsampai atyanta prabhaavavantamaina rendu pustakaalaku parichayalu rasindi, 1954loe podavaina zaan nebel ardharaatri radeo kaaryakramamlo kanipinchadaaniki eeden gray aahvaninchaaru, mokely oka kathanaanni prachurinchaaru, "dhi weit-smith tarot eah futnote tuu dhi waste land" gurinchi.ess. 1922loe elliot thana work dhi waste landlo tarro muulaamsaalanu upayoginchaadu. 
kavitaku thana gamanikalalo, elliot "saampradaaya" tarro decknu suuchistaadu. mokely taanu vaastavaaniki weitmith tarro decknu suuchistunnaanani vaadinchaadu. saampradaaya tarro declu padihenava sataabdaaniki chendinavi, ayithe weit-smith decknu orther edward elliot kavitaku oka dasaabdam kante konchem mundu vechi unnadu. eee aadhunika deck munupati dekla nundi aneka gananeeyamaina thedaalanu kaligi undhi. moodu karralu unna vyakti", "tarro pyaaklo praamaanikamaina sabhyudu" anie mosset nokkicheppina mokely, athani deck yokka gurtimpunu weit-smitga nirdhaaristaadu, aaa samayamlo atuvanti kaardu unna ekaika deck. aame vyaasam elliot kavitapai saahityamlo padepade udaharinchabadindi.
1958loe, gerard encas (poppus) chae "tarro off dhi bohemians" yokka weit anuvaadam, mokely parichayamtho tirigi prachurinchabadindi. nepathyam gaa, samskrutiletara paatakulu kooda eee pustakaanni mechukogalarane aasatoe, aame gatha yaabhai samvatsaraalalo tarro yokka konni mukhyamaina ketaayimpulanu sangrahinchindi. veetilo elliot, jessy weston yokka "frum retutal tuu romans" mariyu charless villiams yokka "dhi grater trumps" unnaayi. aame kooda doubleu.bii. tarro mariyu kshudra vastuvulapai yates aasakti, mariyu carle jung anucharulalo kontamandiki tarro yokka auchityam. tarro charitra yokka saahitya vaastavaalu mariyu kalaakaarulu mariyu kshudravaadula pouraanika aalochanalu rendinti gurinchi tarro ardham chesukovadaniki ghnaanam avasaramani mokely vaadinchaaru. eee roeju taroni prothsahinche marinta aalochanaathmakamaina kotta yugam rachayitala lakshanam eee dwandwa drushti.
1959loe, mokely parichayamtho weit yokka "tarot yokka chitra kii" tirigi prachurinchabadindi. tirigi mudrinchina daaniki mundu weit yokka chivari pustakaallo okataina "dhi holey grail" nundi oka ullekhanam ivvabadindi. idhi tarro mariyu holey grail madhya sambandhaanni suuchimchimdi, mariyu "airopalo ippudu unna konni rahasya recordulu..."idhi tarro yokka suut-sankethaalanu grail halos anie pilavabade vatiki, tadwara seltic siddhaantaaniki kaluputundi. (weit mariyu elliot rendoo weston nundi aruvu tecchukunnavi). mokely 20va sataabdapu tarro autsaahikula eee saadhaarana itivruttaanni padepade prastaavinchaaru, indulo elliot vanti rachayitalu, alaage kshudravaadulu mariyu jaanapada rachayitalu unnaaru. eee sambandham taruvaata pavitra raktam, pavitra grail mariyu daa vincy code vanti rachanalalo cherchabadindi.
chitra kii" kii mokely parichayam weit paatra, athani haasyam, aadhyaatmikata mariyu paandityampai kontha vyaktigata antardrushtini andinchindi. wait-smith deck kalakarudu pamela coleman smith paie taruvaati rachayitala praadhaanyatanu kooda mokely mundhe choopinchaadu. smith jeevitacharitra samacharam yokka aneka paejeelu cherchabaddaayi, idhi tudi utpattiki chitrakaarudi praamukhyatanu suuchistumdi. mokely rachana aame vishayaalanninti patla abhimanam mariyu avagahananu velladistundi, avi guudachaarulu, weit vanti panditulu ledhaa smith vanti kalaakaarulu. 
aame parichayam tarro vanti vastuvula viluvaku sambandhinchi "tarro off dhi bohemians" loe samarpinchina itivruttampai vistaranatoe mugustundi. kala, manastatvasaastram mariyu aadhyaatmika dhyanam hetubaddhamaina aadhunika jeevitaaniki viluvaina anubandhalugaa undavacchani mokely suuchimchaaru. weit yokka tarro "daani paatha rutes nundi oohanu aatapattinchadaaniki" sahaayapadutundani aame rasindi. "taroni atuvanti upayogam dwara mana saamskrutika paristhitula vishalu vaidyam chese bamsga mariyu pravesha dwaaramloki addankigaa maarchabadavachhu." 
pictorial kii" loe, mokely kooda tarro aata aadataaniki niyamaalapai oka vibhaganni andinchaaru. aata yokka eee sankshipta, 6 paejeela saaraamsam italeelooni milanlooni palajjo boromiolo 15va sataabdapu kudyachitraanni vivarinchadam dwara praarambhamavutundi. eee painting loe sampanna card playerlu, viskonti-sphorja shaili yokka bangaaru rangu tarro kaardulanu aasvaadinchina vaaru, aata aadutunnatlu choopistundi. idhi, niyamaala vivaranhatho paatu, elliot mariyu weit yokka aadhunika tarro 15va sataabdapu milan yokka chaaritraka tarro nundi chaalaa bhinnamaina vishayam anie oka saktivantamaina reminderga untundi.
viskonti-sphorja tarro.
mokely andinchina atyanta mukhyamaina antardrushtulalo okati tarro pradhanamgaa oka card game anie, mariyu eee aatanu "trionfi" anie pilicheevaaru anie aame gurtinchadam. mokle tarro yokka asalu paerunu "carte daa trionfi" loe vale trionfiga gurtinchaadu. idhi appudu, 1950laloe ledhaa ippudu kooda sampradaaya ghnaanam kaadu. chetilo unna kalakhandam aneka itara vastuvula maadirigaane card game aadataaniki kaardula deck kaadaa, ledhaa kshudra manifesto lantida, ledhaa oijaa boardu vanti adrushtam cheppe parikarama anie ardham chesukovadam, 
mokely oka nirdishta chaaritraka tarro decknu adhyayanam chesaadu, dheenini saadhaaranamgaa visconti-sphorja deck anie pilustaaru. mokely pustakam viskonti-sphorja deck yokka muulaanni sarigga gurtinchindi, idhi yea kutumbam kosam srushtinchabadindo, vaati gurinchi kontha vivaramgaa nivedinchindi. adanamgaa, aame smasaana chitrakaarudu bonifasio bembo jeevitam mariyu panini mariyu viskonti-sphorja kutumbamtho athani sambandhaanni parisoedhimchimdi. deck modata srushtinchabadina dasaabdaala taruvaata, aaru pratyaamnaaya kaardulanu vaerae chethitho paint chesaaru. ivi bembo sodarudu benedettotho sahaa vividha kalaakaarulaku aapadinchabaddaayi.)
samruddhiga paint cheyabadina mariyu bangaaru rangu kalakhandamga undatame kakunda, viskonti-sphorja deck anedi manugadalo unna mottamodati tarro declalo okati, idhi bahusha aata kanugonna oka dasaabdamloo tayaaru cheyabadindi mariyu modati ardha sataabdam nundi atyanta puurti declalo okati. aneka itara lagjari declu bahusha cremonaloni workshop nundi adhe namoonaalo roopondinchinatlu telustondi. visconti-sphorja roopakalpana anedi taruvaati anni tarro declalo ekkuva bhaagam yokka lakshanam. mokely pustakamlo mottam 74 kaardula bii & doubleu punarutpattulu unnaayi, mariyu 15va sataabdapu muulaala nundi kaalaaniki tagina paerlanu upayoginchi, migili unna anni trump kaardula amsaanni gurtinchindi. aame suut sankethaalanu prarambha italian deklaku vilakshanamainavigaa sarigga gurtinchindi, avi kappulu, naanhelu, kattulu mariyu karralu.
swaagatam.
tarro gurinchi mokle avagahana yokka konni amsaalu sampuurnamgaa dhwaninchaayi. chaalaa mandhi rachayitala maadirigaa kakunda, aame 15va sataabdapu italii nundi tarotnu rahasyamaina muulam mariyu prasaram yokka rahasyamaina manifestoga kakunda card gamega sampradinchindi. 1980loe, maikhel dummet yokka tarro charitrapai samagra adhyayanam, "tarro aata", aaa teermaanaala khachitatvanni dhruveekarinchindi mariyu chaalaa vivaramgaa namodu chesindi. adevidhamgaa, kardulapai unna amsaanni ardham chesukovadaniki kala-chaaritraka vidhanam kshudra vidhimpula kante ekkuva utpaadakamgaa niroopinchabadindi. eee vidhaanamlo gurtinchadagina muulam yokka nirdishta, chaalaa prarambha dekpai drushti pettadam jarigindi, idhi kardulapai aneka nirdishta visconti mariyu sphorja chihnalanu gurtinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi.
mokely yokka vivaranalo gananeeyamaina bhaagam suut sankethaalu trumps yokka roopakaaniki sambandhinchinavi. idhi saadhaaranamgaa nirlakshyam cheyabadindi. latin suut-sainlu dharmala chihnaluga amayaka ringiyeri suutla yokka 16va sataabdapu bolonese roopakalpananu pratidhvanistaayi mariyu satabdaalugaa suut-sainla yokka aneka roopaka reedingulalo idhi okati. edemaina, suut kaardulu "trump kaardulatoe paatu velladaaniki uddesinchina" oka pootiiloo roopaka companylanu suchistayane aalochana kevalam abaddhamh suut kaardulu tarro yokka trump kaardula aavishkaranaku mundu aneka dasabdaluga pramaanikamgaa undevi mariyu 14va sataabdapu arabic kaardula nundi neerugaa sweekarinchabaddaayi. ayithe, aame trump kaardula gurinchi chesina vivarana prabhaavavantamgaa undhi. pramukha tarro pustakaalu kooda mokle mariyu petrarch gurinchi mamuluga edho okati prastaavistaayi.
mokely yokka saadhaarana thesis, trump kaardulanu "carte daa trioni" anie pilicheevaaru, endukante avi vijayala yokka roopaka sopaanakramaanni yerparuchukunnayi, maddatu labhinchindi, tarro trump chakram yokka pratyaekatala gurinchi aame vivaranaku antagaa aadarana ledhu. robbert vii. oo 'neel samasyanu chaalaa neerugaa sangrahinchaaru.
"vivarana emitante, tarro anedi petrarch yokka pathakam yokka saralikarana matrame kaadu, corniwall kavaatu sphuurtitoe asalu katha yokka gambheeratapai oka spoof, reballed take-off kooda. eee vivarana kevalam chaalaa swechhanu anumatistundi kabatti aamodayogyam kaadu. edainaa correspondence lekapovadam anedi jokelo bhaagamgaa cheppavacchu. anduvalla, kaardulu saripolithe adhi siddhaantaaniki saanukuula saakshyamgaa pariganinchabadutundi, ayithe edainaa vyatyaasam off handga kottipaarestaaru. idhi chaalaa saralamainadi."
aaa vimarsha, mokely yokka vivarana vivaranaatmaka vislaeshanha kante "taatkaalika" nidivi, dummet dwara vistruta anuvartanam ivvabadindi. 
pratyaamnaaya vivaranalu.
16va sataabdamloo, tarro yokka ardhampai vyasalu raasina iddaru italian rachayitalu unnaaru. rendoo kooda trump chakranni oka rahasya manifesto, rahasya code book, deeksha acharalu, adrushtam cheppe parikaram, kala ledhaa saahityam yokka konni puurvagaami rachanala praatinidhyam ledhaa mantravaadulu mariyu 20va sataabdapu rachayitalu ketaayinchina vividha itara sailulalo okatigaa kakunda naitika roopakamgaa pradarsinchaayi. 19va sataabdamloo kontamandi rachayitalu tarro trump kaardula ardham puurva-aadhunika kala yokka "dance off deth" rachanalatho chaalaa daggari sambandham kaligi undani suuchimchaaru. idhi iddaru punarujjeevanodyama rachayitalu suuchimchina naitika roopakaalato daggari sambandham kaligi undhi. petrarch yokka "trionfi" anedi maranam yokka vijayam chuttoo kendrikrutamai unna naitika upamaanam, mariyu petrarchpy itara vaividhyaalu kasoni mariyu berth traylaloo prajaadarana pondina kalaatmaka itivruttaalu kabatti, trumplaku rendu vidhanalu mokle maadirigaane untaayi.
18va mariyu 19va sataabdaalaloo, kshudra tarro kanugonabadindi. tarro yokka chaaritraka vaastavaalapai takkuva ghnaanam ledhaa aasakti unna rachayitalu kevalam kathalanu roopondinchaaru. 20va sataabdamloo, lekkalenanni bhavishyavaani rachayitalu, kshudravaadulu mariyu kotta yugapu rachayitalu 18va mariyu 19va sataabdapu kshudravaadula itivruttaalapai vaividhyaalanu andinchaaru. adanamgaa, alfred douglus yokka 1972 pustakamlo aneka kotta itivruttaalu suuchimchabaddaayi, ivi eenaatikee guudaachaarulaku sphuurtinistuunae unnaayi. prastaavinchadagina oka amsam "moorkhula prayaanam". idhi 1960luu mariyu 1970laloe eeden gray dwara sthaapinchabadindi mariyu prothsahinchabadindi, mariyu aadhunika, niguuda tarro vivaranalaku muulastambhamgaa maarindi. bahusha eee vivaranaku atyanta mukhyamaina nyaayavaadi theodor rosejack, pramukha saamaajika vimarsakudu mariyu "dhi making off eah counter culture" (1969) rachayita. ayana 1988 booklet, "phools saikil/phul saikil reflections aann dhi grate trumps off dhi tarro", vivaranaku chaalaa praamaanika udaaharananu andistundi.
vilium marsten cbury mariyu joseph campbell vaerae vidhananni suuchimchaaru; vaariddaruu tarro trump kaardulaku dante alighieri yokka kalakhandamaina "daivika haasyam" thoo kontha sambandham undani nokki chepparu. zaan sheferred grahala pillalu anie piluvabade madhyayuga jyotishashaastra bhavananu soochinchadam dwara trumps mariyu vaati kramaanni vivarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. chivari chakravarthy mariyu escatological sanghatanala gurinchi madhyayuga kraistava puraanaala praatinidhyamgaa timoti bets eee trumplanu vivarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. 20va sataabdapu vivaranalalo ekkuva bhaagam aadhyaatmikavettalu, bhavishyattu cheppevaaru mariyu autsaahikulanu aakarshistaayi, vaari tarro charitra mariyu vigraharadhanalo praadhamika aasakti kotta yugapu jaanapada kathalu mariyu niguuda paddhatula dhruvikarana. mokle rachanalu vistruta prekshakulanu cherukovadaniki mariyu marinta vastunishtha chaaritraka prasnalanu parishkarinchadaaniki uddesinchabaddaayi anae vaastavam vaatini vaeru chestundi.

