
james stevert (missionary)

james stevert (14 fibravari 1831-21 december 1905) oka vaidyudu, mariyu vaidya missionary. ayana atyanta naipunhyam kaligina vrukshashaastragnudu mariyu bhasha shaastravetta kooda. chaalaa mandhi aayananu lavdello aasupatri sthaapana, vaidya paatasaalanu praarambhinchadam mariyu "dakshina african sthaanika kalaasaala", ippudu koota kundelu vishwavidyaalayam yokka vyavasthaapaka pathakaanni abhivruddhi cheyadam kosam vaidya missionlaloo maargadarsakudigaa chuustaaru.
athanu scatland yokka uchita charchi yokka general assembleaki moderator gaa unnadu mariyu 1900 union nuu paryaveekshinchaadu.
prarambha jeevitam.
athanu 1831 fibravari 14naa skaatlaandlooni edinberglo janminchaadu. athanu edinbergloni raayal haiskoollo chaduvukunnadu. athani tandri tirigi vivaham chesukunna taruvaata kutumbam scone sameepamloni polaniki velli, james thana vidyanu perth academylo puurti chesaadu. 15 samvatsaraala vayassulo athanu missionary kaavaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. athanu edinberg vishwavidyaalayam mariyu seyint andrus vishwavidhyaalayamlo chaduvukunnadu, taruvaata edinberg looni kotta kalasalalo uchita charchi mantrigaa sikshana pondaadu. charchi atanni vaidya missionaryga tagina vyaktigaa bhaavinchi, vaidyudigaa sikshana pondadaaniki glassgo vishwavidhyaalayaaniki pampindi. 1865loe ayana emm.bii. mariyu sii.emm. mariyu shastrachikitsa, material medical mariyu forensic medicinlalo vishishtathatho pattabhadrudayyaadu. athanu fibravari 1865loe uchita charchi off scatland kosam missionary ayyadu, dheenini glassgo yokka uchita presbytery manjuru chesindi. kontamandi stevertnu thana rogula patla "vaidyudigaa kante snehitudigaa" abhivarninchaaru.
stevert thana talli mariyu tandri iddaritoe perigaadu, conny athanu yuktavayasulo unnappudu athani talli maraninchindi mariyu athani tandri tirigi vivaham chesukunnadu. athani talli noressmen yokka dudgian septlo bhaagamgaa undedi. athani talli stevert jeevitamlo pradhana prabhaavamgaa bhaavinchabadindi, ayana nundi athanu andam patla thana premanu mariyu prasamsalanu pondaadu. athanu cab yajamani, taruvaata perthshairloni scone sameepamlo pixtonhill anae vyavasaya kshetraanni nadipevaadu. 1843loe antaraayam kaliginchinappudu, vaari charchi nirminchabadutundani vaaru eduruchustunnappudu, kottagaa srushtinchabadina uchita charchini thana giddangilo bodhinchadaaniki athani tandri anumatinchaadu. athanu chaalaa mataparamaina vyakti mariyu missionary pani vaipu stevertnu prabhaavitam chesaadu. stevert chinna vayassu nunde africa vellaalanae korika kaligi unnadu. athanu thana bandhuvutho, "naa jebulo baibil, naa korikalanu teerchadaaniki naa bhujam meeda raifil thoo neenu aafrikaalo unnanta varaku neenu eppuduu santrupti chendanu."
africa prayaanam.
1861 augustu 13naa, james stevert livingstone bhaaryatho kalisi cape townku prayaaninchaadu. akkada thana modati prayaanamloo, athanu jwaramtho badhapaddadu. athanu africaku vachinappudu, thana vaidya pani kosam britainlo jaateeya nayakudiga unna scottish missionary ayina david livingstontho jatakattaadu. stevert thana vidyanu puurti cheyadaaniki tvaralo airopaku tirigi vacchaadu, taruvaata 1867loe thana bhaarya mina stephennu vivaham chesukunna taruvaata dakshinaafrikaalooni lavdelku tirigi vacchaadu.
africa gurinchi abhiprayalu.
africa itara deshaala kante venukabadi undani stevert bhaavinchaadu. athanu modatisaari aafrikaalo prayaaninchinappudu, magic mariyu aushadham mudipadi unnayani, idhi european aushadham kante african aushadham takkuvagaa undani athanu bhaavinchaadu. aafrikaalo aushadham chaalaa pedda unikini kaligi undani athanu bhaavinchaadu, conny adhi aneka praanaantaka prabhavalanu kaligi undani kooda athanu bhaavinchaadu. athanu sthaanikula aushadham gurinchi kontha neerchukunnaadu, conny sthaanika aushadham kante european aushadham praadhaanyata pondaalani anukunnadu.
african sthaanikula gurinchi kooda aayanaku aneka pratikuula abhiprayalu undevi. african sthaanikula jeevitaallo naitika saktulu levani ayana bhaavinchaaru. aafrikanla jeevitaalanu thana jeevitam kante takkuvasthaayigaa elaa chusharo chuupistuu, "kevalam jantujaalam mariyu sthiramaina mariyu nissahaya anagarikatvam" loki diguvaku vellina prajalanu ayana heccharinchaaru. bahubhaaryaatvam mariyu mantravidya kaaranamgaa vaari naitika adhokaranam gurinchi kooda athanu aandolana chendaadu. mission sahayam dwara eee ksheenata prakriyanu tirigi pondavachani stevert bhaavinchaadu. aafrikaalo thana missionary pani dwara vaari ksheenatanu saricheyadam ayana lakshyam. aafrikanlu saareerakamgaa mariyu jeevasaastraparamgaa europeanla kante jaathi paramgaa takkuvasthaayi vaaru anie kooda stevert parokshamgaa suuchimchaaru. modatlo james stevert aafrikanlapai aneka pratikuula abhipraayaalanu kaligi unnappatikee, athanu vaarini takkuvasthaayigaa pariganinchaledu mariyu vaariki sahayam cheyadaaniki taanu cheyagaliginadanta chesaadu.
preminchevaadu.
1864loe stewartnu free church off scatland, cape pattanaaniki eesaanyamgaa 700 mailla dhooramlo mariyu hinduu mahasamudram nundi 80 mailla dhooramlo unna oka mission mariyu paatasaala ayina lovdale vadda panicheyadaaniki empika chesindi. athanu 1866loe baadhyatalu sweekarinchaadu mariyu 1867loe principalga undamani adigaru. jaine elizabeth waterston baalikala kosam oka samsthanu roopondinchadaaniki niyaminchabaddaadu. lavdelku scatland yokka uchita charchi aardhikamgaa maddatu ichindi. stevert vacchina samayamlo lovdale vadda iravai naalugu kante ekkuva mandhi europeanla sibbandi unnaaru. 1867loe stevert lovdale yokka principal ayyadu mariyu 40 samvatsaraala paatu eee sthaanaanni konasaginchadu; phalitamgaa, ataniki lovdale yokka stevert anae paeru pettaru. sthaanikula avasaralaku anugunamgaa paatasaalanu sweekarinchadam dwara athanu aafrikaalo uttama paatasaalagaa premikudini marchadu. udaaharanaku, vaariki latin mariyu greeku bhashalanu bodhinche badulu, athanu vaariki aanglam neerpinchaadu, idhi vaariki chaalaa upayogakaramaina bhasha. stevert kooda priyamaina vaari kosam aneka vibhina lakshyalanu kaligi unnadu, dheenini athanu thana pustakam "daan inn dhi dark continent" loe vivarinchaaduh 
eee lakshyaala dwara stevert puurti vidyanu andinchadam lakshyamgaa pettukundi, idhi vidyaarthulanu sraamikasaktiki kooda siddham chesindi. priyamaina intlo stevert samayamlo, athanu oka chinna aasupatrini kooda nirminchaadu.
stevert 1870loe lovdale yokka principal ayyadu.
livingstonia.
1875loe, scatland yokka uchita charchi prasiddha scottish doctor, david livingstone gouravaartham livingstonia sthaapinchindi mariyu daanini nadapadaniki stevertnu korindi. athanu daa. panini konasaginchalanukunnanduna vaaru ilaa chesaaru. sajeevamaina raayi. athanu livingstonia malavi sarassu odduna undaalani korukunnadu, mariyu glassgo vyaapaaravaettala brundam nundi aardhika maddatu pondaadu. athanu daanini uchita charchi videshee mission adhikaarula nundi swatantramgaa korukunnadu. eee mission cape makilar vadda sarassu yokka dakshina chivaralo undhi mariyu october 1875loe praarambhinchabadindi. aarogyaanni prothsahinche maargamgaa gruhanirmaanam mariyu aaharam (ledhaa aaharam) meruguparachadam (ledhaa andinchadam) paie drushti saarinchindi. modati prapancha yuddham varaku livingstonia eee praantamloo atyanta mukhyamaina missionga maarindi.
ayana sthaanamlo rev doctor robbert laas niyaminchabaddaadu.
vaidya mission pani.
aafrikaalo stevert kaalamlo athanu africa mariyu sthaanikula maargaala gurinchi chaalaa viluvaina samacharanni neerchukunnaadu, udaaharanaku, vividha mokkala vaidya lakshanaala gurinchi samacharam. athanu chaalaa mandhi vaidyulanu kooda gamaninchaadu. aafrikanlaku chikitsa cheyadaaniki uttama maargam paaschaatya vaidyaanni vaari swantha paddhathulatho kalapadam anie stevert nirnayinchukunnadu, vaidya purushula vantidi. dakshinaafrikaalo james stevertku mundu unna missionarylalo evaruu laeru, daa. vendarkemp mariyu daa. livingsone, missionary pani yokka vaidya amsampai drushti pettindi. ayithe, idhi samanamga mukhyamainadani stevert bhaavinchaadu.
stevert dakshinaafrikaalo panichestunnappudu, athanu akkada unna aiduguru chattaparamaina vaidya missionarylalo okadu. vaarilo dakshinaafrikaalo aasupatrini kanugonna modati vyakti stevert. sthaanika narsulu, aasupatri sahayakulaku kooda ayana aadesaalu icchi, vaidya paatasaalaku punaadi vaesaaru. stevert kooda chaalaa inti calls chesaadu. prajalu stevertnu "chaalaa mandhi intlo priyamaina vaidyudu" gaa abhivarninchaaru, mariyu athanu "asantruptito icchaadu, mariyu yea illu kooda [ataniki] chaalaa dhooramlo ledhu, goppa missionary thana daya yokka panulalo aatamkaparachadaaniki chaalaa kashtamaina maargam ledhu, raatri chaalaa tuphaanugaa ledhu". oka vyakti oka raatri stevertnu elaa pilichado vivarinchaadu, endukante oka chinna pillavaadini atyanta pramaadakaramaina sarpalalo okataina puff-ader kottadu. aaa chinnarini kaapaadataaniki thana praanaalanu panamgaa petti, aaa baludi prati gaayaala nundi stevert visham peelchaadu. eee udaaharana entha daa anedi chaalaa khachitamaina varnana. stevert thana rogulanu chusukunnadu.
lovdale looni aasupatri.
stevert aneka lakshyalanu kaligi unnadu. priyamaina intlooni abbayilu mariyu ammayilandariki stevert ekaika vaidya baadhyatanu kaligi unnadu, conny athanu akkada oka aasupatrini kooda srushtinchaalanukunnaadu. athani modati prayatnam phalinchaledu, ayithe valasa prabhutva sahayamtho athanu victoria aasupatrini praarambhinchaadu. athanu vaariki icchina aushadham mariyu chikitsa kosam chinna mottaanni vasoolu cheyadam dwara sthaanikula gowravaanni pondaadu. idhi vaari samrakshanaku marinta viluvanichindi. eee aasupatri 1898loe praarambhinchabadindi mariyu konni addankula taruvaata vaarshika haajaru aidu vaela mandhi unnaaru. stevert kooda oka vaidya kalaasaalanu srushtinchaalani korukunnadu, chivariki lovdale looni aasupatrini vaidya paatasaalagaa vistarinchaalani yochinchadu. ethiopia prajalaku puurti vaidya vidyanu andinchaalani ayana korukunnaru.
taruvaata jeevitam.
1899loe athanu rev alegzander white taruvaata general assembly moderatorga, scatland yokka free charchilo atyunnata sthaanam pondaadu.
stevert taruvaati jeevitamlo athanu africa mariyu airopa madhya aneka paryatanalu chesaadu. athanu 1899loe lavdelku prayaaninchaadu, taruvaata 1900loe skaatlaandku tirigi vacchaadu. athanu 1901loe mallee lavdelnu sandarsinchi, 1902loe edinbergku tirigi vacchaadu. taruvaata 1903loe americanu sandarsinchi, 1904loe akkada nundi lavdelku velli, 1905loe cape townku vellaadu. aafrikaalo thana anubhavanni tirigi chuustuu, daa. stevert grahinchaaru, "conny african khandamlo nagarika deshaala bahumati mariyu kaavalasina annintiloo, aafrikaalo atyanta viluvaina aasti african anie ippatikee nijam. ayana lekunda manam cheyalemu, ayana telivainavaadu ayithe, manam lekunda taanu cheyalenani ayana angeekaristaadu."stevert aafrikanlanu gowravinchadam neerchukunnaadu mariyu athanu vaariki entha andinchaado antha sthaanikulaku tanaku andinchaalani grahinchaadu. 
stevert 1905 december 21naa lavdello maraninchaadu.
kutumbam.
1866loe james stevert viliamina ("mina") stephen nuu vivaham chesukunnadu. vaariki oka kumarudu, enimidi mandhi kumartelu unnaaru.

