james pii. kirkwood

james pug kirkwood (27 marchi 1807-22 april 1877) 19va sataabdapu american sivil injanir, mariyu samvatsaram 1849-1850 loe erii railroad yokka general superintendent. athanu railrodlanu nirminchadaaniki nairuti disaku velladaaniki ereeni vidichipettadu, mariyu athanu mississippi nundi raathi parvataala varaku paschimaana pasiphik railroad (taruvaata missauri pasiphik railroad) kosam modati survey chesadu. kirkwood pattanaalu, missauri (seyint velupala.luis mariyu prastuta umtrack stop) mariyu kirkwood, envaiki athani gouravaartham paeru pettaru. 1860la chivaralo ayana american society off sivil injaneers adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru.
jeevita charitra.
kirkwood skaatlaandlooni edinberglo janminchaadu, athanu edinberg kalasalalo pattabhadrudayyaadu mariyu boston mariyu albani railroadlo sivil injaneering neerchukunnaadu, idhi prarambha pani, dheeni nundi aneka mandhi injaneerlu mariyu contractorlu ereeki vacchaaru. 
kirkwood kirkwood mcneil kuu lekhalatho united statesku vacchaadu, vaaru ataniki norwich versester railroadlo panini erpaatu chesaaru. athanu boston & providence railroadlo panicheesaadu mariyu mariyu stonington railroadlo assistant injanir ayyadu. adhe samvatsaramlo athanu athanu atlantic veedhi adugu nundi hixville varaku terichina long iland railu rahadari marganni survey chesaadu. 1837 bhayandolanalatho karyakalapalu nilipiveyabade varaku aaa rahadari nirmaanaaniki baadhyata vahinchaadu.
vahinchaadu kirkwood paschima railu rahadari parvata vibhaagamlo resident injaneergaa injaneergaa poortayye varaku ayana akkade undipoyaaru. athanu springfield & northampton railu rahadaarini sthaapinchi nirminchaadu. nirminchaadu athanu superintendentga starracca vayaadaktnu oka seasonlo puurti chesaadu; aaa samayamlo atyanta khareedaina railroad vantenagaa pariganinchabade pensylvanialoni lanesboro sameepamloni starracca viaduct, alaage atipedda raathi viaduct, mariyu american vantena nirmaanamloo concreetu yokka modati upayogam kosam. eee vijayam 1849 april 1naa erii railroad general superintendentga athani niyaamakaaniki daariteesindi, akkada athanu hizkia sii. seamore.
oka samvatsaram taruvaata, 1850 mae 1naa, eeree railroad vadda, kirkwood taruvaata charless minot adhikaaramloki vacchi, missauri pasiphik railroad yokka pradhana injanir ayyadu. pasiphik railroad, mariyu seyint nundi rahadari nirmaanaaniki baadhyata vahinchindi. luis nundi pasiphik, misauri varaku. kirkwood, missauri mariyu kirkwood, newyork pattanaalaku ayana paeru pettaru. 1860la chivaralo ayana sampradinchi, bergen soramgaanni 1858-9 loe puurti chesaaru. eee samayamlo ayana brooklin neeti sarafara injaneergaa unnaaru, idhi vijayavantamgaa puurti kaavadaaniki ayana chesina krushi kaaranam.
kaaranam ayana seyint injanir gaa niyamitulayyaaru. luis, misauri, atyaadhunika jala nirmaanaala roopakalpanaku baadhyata vahistundi. athanu 1867 varaku aaa hodaalo panicheesaadu, appudu athani sthaanamlo walt whiteman sodarudu thamus jefferson whiteman niyaminchabaddaadu. niyaminchabaddaadu ayana tirigi newyork velli 1867 nundi 1868 varaku american society off sivil injaneers adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru. thana jeevitapu chivari samvatsaraallo ayana masachusets water-works looni linn loe consulting injaneergaa panicheesaaru.
panicheesaaru kirkwood 70 samvatsaraala vayasulo newyorkloni brooklinlo maraninchaadu mariyu green-wood smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaadu.
pani.
starracca viaduct.
starracca vayaadaktnu juuliyas doubleu roopondinchaaru. audums mariyu james p. kirkwood mariyu newyork mariyu erii railroad dwara nirminchabadindi, sthaanikamgaa travvakaala yaadruchchika ashler bluestone, moodu itukala antargata rekhansha spandrell godalu mariyu peers mariyu deck cover yokka concreat bays bhagalu minaha. american vantena nirmaanamloo concreetu yokka modati nirmaana upayogam idhi ayi undavacchu.
starracca creak yokka vistruta loya edurkontunna injaneering samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki eee viaduct nirminchabadindi. railroad praarambhamlo oka kattanu nirminchaalani bhaavinchindi, conny adhi asaadhyamainanduna aaa aalochananu vidichipettindi. erii railrodku british pettubadidaarulu baga aardhika sahayam andinchaaru, conny dabbu andubaatulo unnappatikee, aaa samayamlo chaalaa mandhi american contractorlu eee pani cheyalekapoyaru.
juuliyas doubleu. aaa praanta nirmaana superintending injanir ayina audums, james pii. nii niyaminchaaru. kirkwood, gatamlo long iland railu roodduloo panichesina sivil injanir. kirkwood vantenapai panichesada ledhaa kirkwood adheenamlo panicheestuu unna pranaalikalaku audums baadhyata vahinchada anae daanipai vruttaamtaalu bhinnamgaa untaayi. oka samvatsaramlo vantenanu puurti cheyadaaniki 800 mandhi kaarmikulu, prati okkaroo rojuku sumaru $1 chellinchaaru, idhi eee roeju rojuku $1 kuu samanam. vantena kosam chesina tappudu paniki ara million adugula kante ekkuva kordu mariyu kosina kalapalu avasaramayyayi.
eri railroad general superintendent.
modati general superintendent, hizkia c. onida county nundi vacchina seemur, onida cheef anae paeru rooddupai rooddupai superintendent seemur vaarasudini niyaminchaalsi undhi, endukante athanu sevanu vidichipettaalani anukunnadu. ess. ess. eee post ravana superintendentga undedi. athanu general superintendenseeki padoonnati pondhe varusalo unnadu, mariyu athanu udyogulalo chaalaa prachuryam pondinanduna, athanu tama superintendentga unde avakaasamtoe vaaru santoshinchaaru.
james pii. eee pradaesaaniki sambandhinchi kirkwood gurinchi kooda prastaavinchabadindi. doubleu. hetch. stevert nait line anie pilavabade daanini nadipadu, mariyu superintendentga ennikaina padavi venta ekkado vaartalu vinaalani aasistuu, ataniki pedda paaradarsakata, chekkabadinavi unnaayi. ess. post, general superintendent, "andaruu thana railulo veliginchi pradarsinchadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaaru. ayithe, kirkwood darsakula empika anie vaartalu vachayi, mariyu abbayilalo chaalaa niraasa kaligindi."idhi april 1849 loe jarigindi. ayithe, adhi chaalaa avakaasam undhi.ess. railway companytho post yokka sudeergha sambandham, mariyu athani prajaadarana, ataniki aaa sthaanaanni bhadraparichevi; athanu kattubadi laeni vidhamgaa, directorlu ataniki adigina prasnalaku samadhanam ivvadaaniki moggu choopakapothe, mariyu prasnalu adagadam dwara vatiki samadhanam ichhe vaikhari.
superintendent kirkwood thana vaikhari yokka pratyekata nundi railroad purushulalo "nissabda vyakti" gaa prasiddhi chendaadu. ayana karyalayam newyorkloni 56 wall streetlo undhi. athanitho prekshakulu sulabhamgaa cherukunnaru, mariyu coll chesina vyakti lopaliki pravesinchinappudu, superintendent atanini oka kshanam chusevadu. coll chesina vyakti ventane tananu akkadiki teesukuvacchina vyapaaraanni prastavinchakapothe, kirkwood okka maata kooda matladakunda thana kallanu tirigi thana pani vaipu mallinchevaadu. appudu superintendent atanipai ekkuva shraddha chupakunda, ledhaa sandarsakudu matladi thana panini teliyajeyadam dwara swayamgaa nissabdaanni vichchinnam chese varaku sandarsakulu migilina rojanta akkada nilabadavacchu ledhaa kuurchoevachchu.
suuchanalu.
 eee vyaasam public domine materialnu kaligi undhi 
edward harrold mooat "bitween dhi oshan und dhi lakes dhi story off eeree"."callins, 1899. p. 405;

