amwas yokka playg

amwas yokka playg (), emmouse yokka playg anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi oka bubonic playg antuvyaadhi, idhi modati playg mahammari samayamlo mariyu eee praantaanni muslimlu jayinchina chivaralo, 638-639 loe islaamik syrianu baadhinchindi. idhi bahusha 6va sataabdam madhyakaalamlo justinian plaegu yokka punarujjeevanam ayi undavacchu. muslim arab sainyam yokka pradhana shibiramaina paalastiinaalooni amwas paeru meeda piluvabade eee plaegu vyaadhi 25,000 mandhi sainikulanu, vaari bandhuvulanu champindi, indulo sainyam yokka adhika kamaandlo chaalaa mandhi kooda unnaaru, mariyu syrialoni sthaanika kraistavulalo gananeeyamaina praananashtam mariyu sthaanabhramsham kaliginchindi. commanderla maranaala nepathyamlo siriya governorga muavia ibn abii sufyan niyamakam chivariki umayyad califate sthaapanaku maargam sugamam chesindi, ayithe vyaadhi punaraavrutaalu punaraavrutaalu umayyad raajavamsam pathanaaniki dohadapadi undavacchu. syrian graameena praantaallo janabha ksheenata anedi arabbulu bhoomini punaravasam cheyadaaniki oka karakamga undavacchu, itara swaadheenam chesukunna praantaalalo kakunda, arabbulu tamanu taamu kotta sainika sthaavara nagaralaku ontarigaa unchukunnaaru.
14va sataabdapu nalla maranam varaku itara antuvyaadhula kante arabic moolaalalo amwas plaegu ekkuva drushtini aakarshinchindi. khalifa umar mariyu athani agra commander abu ubaida ibn all-jaaraa amwas plaegku pratispandanala gurinchi saampradaaya kathanaalu nalla maranamtho sahaa antuvyaadhulaku madhyayuga muslim vedaanta pratispandanalanu teliyajesaayi. puurvanirdhaarana mariyu swechhaa sankalpam, plaegu prabhaavita bhoomulu mariyu antuvyaadhula nundi paaripovadam ledhaa pravesinchadaanni nishedhinchadam gurinchi charchalalo kathanaala nundi udbhavinchina suutraalu udaharinchabaddaayi.
muulaalu mariyu raajakeeya nepathyam.
amwas yokka playg bahusha bubonic playg antuvyaadhi kaavacchu, ayithe muulaalu vyaadhi yokka nirdishta lakshanaalapai vivarinchaledu. idhi idhi praarambhamaina islaamik yugamlo namodu cheyabadina rendava plaegu, mariyu muslimlanu neerugaa badhapettina modatidi. idhi bahusha bahusha pellutium (aadhunika suez sameepamlo) loe udbhavinchi, paschimamlo alegzandriaku, thoorpuna paalastiinaaku vyaapinchina justinian plaegu yokka punah aavirbhavam kaavacchu, idhi 541-542 loe byzantine rajadhani constantinople cherukovadaniki mundu mariyu byzantine charitrakaarudu procopius (d. ). 6va sataabdam madhya mariyu 7va sataabdam antataa kaneesam tommidi nundi pannendu chakraalalo justinian plaegu punaraavrutamaindi.
modati khalifa (muslim samaajaaniki adhipati), abu bucker (), amr ibn all-aus, yazid ibn abii sufyan, shurahbil ibn hassanah mariyu abu ubaida ibn all-jaaraa netrutvamlo varusaga naalugu sainyalanu madeenaa nundi byzantine syrianu jayinchadaaniki pampaadu (abu bucker varasudu umar 634 madhyalo pattabhishekam ayye varaku abu ubaida pampabadakapovacchu).
emmas nicopolis kuu arabic paeru ayina amwas, modati sataabdamloo oka balavardhakamaina roman sainika shibiramgaa undedi, idhi moodava sataabdam praarambhamlo oka chinna nagaramgaa abhivruddhi chendindi. chendindi ajnadain yuddham ledhaa ledhaa yermuk yuddham taruvaata dheenini byzantinela nundi muslimlu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. plaegu praarambhamlo, eee pradaesam syrialoni arab muslim dalaala pradhana shibiramgaa panichesindi, ikkada dopidilu vibhajinchabaddaayi mariyu sainikulu chellinchaaru.
kalakramam.
amwas vyaadhi islam calender samvatsaraalalo cree. sha. 17/638 mariyu/ledhaa cree. sha. 18/639 loe sambhavinchindi. 8va sataabdapu charitrakaarudu saif ibn umar prakaram, idhi muharram-suffer 17 aaha/janavari-fibravari aaha/janavari-fibravari taakindi, aapai marosari tirigi vacchi, satruvuku [byzantines] prayojanam kosam aneka maranaalanu kaliginche mundu chedaragottindi."all-suyuti (mama. 1505) plaegu daani prarambha vyaapti tarvaata kontakaalam tarvaata tirigi udbhavinchindani, charitrakaarudu emm. doubleu. doles "rendu teedeelaku sambandhinchina kathanaalu [638 mariyu 639]" suuchistumdi.
syrialo tommidi nelala karuvu samayamlo edho oka samayamlo eee plaegu vyaadhi vyaapinchindi, dheenini arabbulu 'buudida samvatsaram' anie pilustaaru. balaheenamaina roganirodhaka shakti mariyu pattanaalu mariyu gramalalo aahara nilvalu nilva cheyadam valla siriya-palestinelo vistrutamaina karuvu bahusha plaegku vedikanu erpaatu chesindi, idhi plaegu sokina elukalanu aakarshinchi, vaatini maanava janaabhaato sambandham kaliginchagaladani doles chepparu. idhi siriya antataa vyaapinchindi mariyu shawwal 18 ah/october 639 loe taggadaaniki mundu iraq mariyu eejiptunu kooda prabhaavitam chesindi.
parinaamaalu.
pratispandana mariyu takshana prabhavam.
islaamik saampradaaya muulaala pradhana kathanaalalo okadaani prakaram, umar, thana agra commander abu ubaida anaaroogyam mariyu maranaanni nivaarinchaalane uddesyamto, taruvaati vyaktini madiinaaku pilichadu; umar uddesyam gurinchi telisina abu ubaida, thana manushulanu vidichipettadaaniki niraakarinchaadu. tadanantaram paristhitini anchanaa vaeyadaaniki umar syriaku bayaludaeraadu, sarg (madiinaaku uttaraana padamudu rojula march) anie piluvabade edaari maargam-stop vadda sainika nayakulanu kalisaadu. athani modati sampradimpulu muhajirun mariyu ansar vargaala naayakulatoe, samishtiga prarambha muslim matamaarpidulu mariyu navjata muslim raajyamlooni unnatavargamto, plaegu prabhaavita praantaala nundi paaripovadaaniki vyatiraekamgaa vaadinchaaru. vaari sifaarsulatoe ekibhavinchani ayana, taruvaata khuraishku chendina taruvaata matamarpidi chesukunna nayakulanu sampradinchaadu, islaamik pravakta mohammed mariyu khalifa luu chendina tega, vaaru sainyam antuvyaadhi praantam nundi upasamharinchukovaalani pratipaadinchaaru, dheenini umar angeekarinchaaru. plaegu prabhaavita bhuubhaagam nundi paaripoye ledhaa pravesinche muslimlapai mohammed nishedham vidhinchina nepathyamlo aboo ubaida sainyam upasamharananu nirasinchaaru. oka vyakti sahajamgaane banjaru vaipu kakunda loya yokka aakupaccha vaipuni enchukuntaadani, conny vyakti nirnayamtho sambandham lekunda adhi devuni chittam anie umar badulichaaru. eee kathanaanni madhyayuga muslim panditulu oka antuvyaadhi nundi paaripovadaanni samarthinche udaaharanagaa upayoginchaaru. sainyanni aarogyakaramaina pradaesaalaku nadipinchaalani, khalifa madiinaaku tirigi raavaalani umar abu ubaidayanu aadesinchadamto sarg vadda sikharagra samavesam mugisindi.
aboo ubaida sainyanni houraanlooni ettaina praantamlooni paatha ghasanid rajadhani jabialo shibiram vaeyadaaniki vellaadu. aarogyakaramaina vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa, zabiah samarthavantamgaa plaegu-baadhita dalaalaku aarogya kendramgaa mariyu yuddha dopidi pampinheeki kendramgaa panichesindi. akkadiki velle maargamlo, decemberu, abu ubaida plaegku gurai chanipoyadu. athani varasudu muu 'dhh ibn jabal mariyu muu'dhh bhaaryalalo iddaru mariyu kumarudu (ledhaa athani mottam kutumbam) ventane maraninchaaru, taruvaata muu 'dhh varasudu yazid ibn abii sufyan maraninchaadu. shurahbil kooda plaegu kaaranamgaa maraninchaadu. sainyaniki longipoyina itara pramukha muslimlu mariyu mohammed sahacharulalo suhail ibn amar, suhail kumarudu abu jandal, all-fadal ibn abbas, all-harit ibn hisham mariyu syrialo sthirapadina all-harit debbai mandhi kutumba sabhyulu unnaaru. manugadalo unna muslim dalaalanu zabiaku nadipinchina ghanata amar ibn all-ass kuu dakkindi. decemberu decemberu, athanu eejiptunu jayinchadam praarambhinchaadu.
islaamik saampradaaya vruttaamtaalu syrialo 20,000 nundi 25,000 mandhi muslim sainikulu unnaarani, vaari kutumba sabhyulu playgloo maraninchaarani perkonnaayi. 637 natiki, sumaru 24,000 mandhi muslim dalaalalo 4,000 mandhi jabialo migilipoyaru, ayithe aadhunika charitrakaarudu fred donor tappipoyina dalaalalo entha mandhi chanipoyaranedi ledhaa tatkalikamga paaripoyi chivariki syriaku tirigi vacharo aspashtamgaa undani paerkonnaadu.
eee plaegu syrialoni sthaanika kraistava janabhalo gananeeyamaina praananashtaaniki kaaranamaindi. idhi dharala perugudala mariyu nilvalaku kooda daariteesindi, idhi umar nii nilvalanu nishedhinchamani prerepinchindi. all-tabari prakaram (d. 923), sarg nundi madiinaaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, umar siriya-paalastiinaalooni thana dalaalanu sandarsinchi, plaegu valla erpadina gandaragolaanni anchanaa veyalane thana uddesaanni thana salahaadaarulaku teliyajesaadu. athanu thana uddesinchina sandarsana samayamlo, eee mahammarilo maraninchina muslimla estatela nirvahanapai aadesaalu icchaadu mariyu kontamandi dalaala anumaanaaspada vaadanalanu parishkarinchaadu.
deerghakaalika raajakeeya mariyu saamaajika prabhavalu.
syrialo thana agrashreni commanderla maranaala phalitamgaa, umar yazid sodarudu mariyu deputy ayina muvia ibn abii suufyaannu akkada sainyaniki commanderga niyaminchi, chivariki chivariki muvia dwara siriya-kendrikruta umayyad califate sthaapanaku punaadi vaesaadu. syrialo plaegu kaaranamgaa umar madeenaa nundi thana kante ekkuva praadhaanyamaina commanderlanu moharinchakunda nirodhinchabadindani charitrakaarudu wilfered madelung oohinchaaru, tadwara athanu tagina pratyaamnaayaaniki badulugaa muvianu niyaminchaadu. amwas plaegu kaaranamgaa syrialoni muslim dalaalalo jarigina nashtalu, syrialoni paatha-sthirapadina, gatamlo byzantine-anubandha mariyu kraistava arab tegalapai, mukhyamgaa muslimlu mariyu byzantinela madhya poraatamlo ekkuvagaa tatasthamgaa unna baanu kalbpai muvia yokka bhaarii sainika aadhaarapadataaniki dohadapaddayi.
sthaanika kraistava janabhapai bhaarii prabhavam, amwas vyaadhi phalitamgaa siriya nundi valasalu peragadam vantivi arabbulu syrialo sthirapadataaniki, umayyad paalana (640-750) samayamlo sthaanika samaajamloki vaari chochukupovadaniki dohadapade karakaluga undavacchu. charitrakaarudu laurence kanrad prakaram, swaadheenam chesukunna praantaalalo muslimetarula nundi sekarinchina ennikala pannu nundi vachhe aadaayampai aadhaarapadina arabbulu syrialo sthirapadaalani bhaavinchi undakapovachhu, conny plaegu taruvaata nirjanamaina graameena praantaalanu tirigi janasaandrata penchavalasi vachindi. arab girijanulanu bhoomipai sthirapariche vidhanam asadhaaranamainadigaa niroopinchabadindi; iraq vanti swaadheenam chesukunna itara praantaalalo, prarambha arab sthaavaraalu ekkuvagaa kottagaa nirminchina rakshana nagaralaku matrame parimitam cheyabaddaayi.
paalastiinaalooni arabbula pradhana karyalayamga amwas sthaanamlo modata lidda mariyu/ledhaa jerusalem, taruvaata ramla, 8va sataabdam praarambhamlo umayyad khaleef suleiman ibn abd all-malik sthaapinchaaru. 1870la chivaralo amwas graamamlo oka baviki "bir all-taun" (plaegu baavi) anae paeru vachindi. suleiman paalana varaku zabiah syrialo arabbula pradhana sainika shibiramgaa undipoyindi.
punaraavruttulu.
siriya-paalastiinaa loe daadaapu prati dasaabdam loe 688/89 mariyu 744/45 madhya plaegu punaraavrutamayyedi. doles maatallo cheppalante, "umayyad" [sic] "raajavamsam aksharala eee vyaadhitho baadhapadindi". umayyad khalifalu muvia II (), marwan I (), abd all-malik (), suleiman () mariyu iraq all-mughira ibn shuba () mariyu ziyad ibn abihi () looni umayyad governorla maranaalu bahusha siriya mariyu iraaklalo plaegu antuvyaadhula valla sambhavinchi undavacchu. vesavi nelallo plaegu vachinappudu khalifalu nagaraala nundi tama edaari raajabhavanaalaku mamuluga vellipoyaaru. vaarilo pramukhudu khaleef hisham (), athanu damascus kante rusafa vadda unna thana rajabhavananni anaarogyakaramainadigaa bhaavinchinanduna ishtapadataadu.
tarachugaa punaraavrutamayyevi umayyad califate yokka kendramgaa unna siriya-polesteinlo sahaja janabha perugudalanu sthiramgaa tagginchi, umayyad saktini balaheenaparichi undavacchani dalls oohinchaaru. adhe samayamlo, plaegu antuvyaadhula nundi tappinchukunna suduura thoorpu provins khurasanloki arab girijana valasalu, califate yokka thoorpu sagam ekapaksha perugudala mariyu aadhipatyaaniki daariteesaayi mariyu akkada abbasid udyamam perigindi, idhi 750 loe umayyadlanu padagottindi. kanrad drushtilo, eee plaegu chakraala mugimpulo, umayyadlu thoorpu califate meeda aacharanaatmaka niyantrananu kolpoyaru mariyu "rajavamsa chivari samvatsaraalalo antarinchaleni tegullanu abbasid viplavam vijayamlo oka mukhyamaina karakamga chuudataaniki idhi utsaaham kaligistundi".
vedaantaparamaina vivaranalu.
aadhunika charitrakaarulu, amwas vyaadhi yokka vaastava paristhitulu punarnirminchalenivi kaadani angeekaristunnaaru, mariyu ekkuvagaa 8va-10va sataabdapu islaamik charitralalo jarigina sanghatana yokka vivaranalu mariyu hadeesula sekaranalu (sampradaayaalu mariyu mohammed yokka suuktulu), mundastu nirnayam, muslim paapula sthithi mariyu antuvyaadhulapai vedaanta charchala sandarbhamlo drushti saarinchaaru. 14va sataabdapu nalla maranam varaku itara antuvyaadhula kante madhyayuga arabic saahityamlo amwas vyaadhi ekkuva drushtini aakarshinchindi. charitrakaarudu justine keey prakaram, muulaala dwara plaegu yokka praatinidhyaalu "vaividhyamainavi mariyu viruddhamainavi". stern. mohammed sahacharulu umar, abu ubaida, amar mariyu muu 'dhh plaegku pratispandana gurinchi madhya yugaala antataa muslim mataparamaina mariyu chattaparamaina vivaranalanu teliyajesaaru, indulo nalla maranaaniki pratispandana kooda undhi.
madhyayuga muslim panditulu amwas tegullaku samakaaleena praticharyala nundi moodu suutraalanu pondaaru modatidi, plaegu anedi muslim vishwaasulaku daivika daya ledhaa amaraveerudi roopam mariyu vishwaasulu kaani vaariki siksha; rendavadi muslimlu plaegu peedita bhoomulloki pravesinchadam ledhaa paaripovadam nishedham; mariyu moodavadi plaegu anedi antuvyaadhi kaadu, adhi devudu neerugaa vidhinchaadu. eee siddhaantaalu sthiramgaa vedaantaparamaina vibhedaalaku kaaranamayyaayi, plaegu vyaadhini daivika daya ledhaa sikshagaa mariyu gamaninchadagina antuvyadhiga angeekarinchadamlo ibbandi phalitamgaa madhya yugaala yokka antuvyaadhi punaraavrutaalu.
doles yokka anchanaalo, sthaanika kraistava mariyu yoodula vaikharulu mariyu sahaja maanava aandolanalu modati suutram yokka amsaalanu prabhaavitam chesaayi, avi plaegu daivika siksha ledhaa heccharikalanu suuchistumdi. eee shibiramloni muslimlu syrialoni muslim dalaalalo wine viniyogam vanti alasatvapu naitikataku eee vyaadhini sambandhinchinavaaru, idhi umar taagubotulanu kotteyamani aadesinchadaaniki daariteesindi. marovaipu, amvas vadda mariyu sarg vadda council vadda dalaalaku aboo ubaida chesina prasamgaalalo plaegu yokka vivarana daya ledhaa amaraveerudigaa spashtamgaa kanipistundi. damaseen charitrakaarudu ibn asakir (mama. 1175) amaraveerula nammakanni pratibimbistumdih entha mandhi dhairyavanthulaina gurrapu sainikulu mariyu entha mandhi andamaina, pavitramaina mahilalu 'amwas loyalo champabaddaru, vaaru prabhuvunu edurkonnaru, conny vaaru maraninchinappudu athanu vaariki anyayam cheyaledu, vaaru swargamlo badhapadani prajalalo unnaaru. prabhuvuku telisinatlugaa memu plaegnu bharistaamu, mariyu marana samayamlo memu odaarchabaddaamu.
mundastu nirnayam suutram aadhaaramgaa, oka vyakti paripoyada ledhaa plaegu prabhaavita praantamloonae unnada anie vaadinchadaaniki, vaari maranaanni appatike devudu nirnayinchaadani, amwas sanghatanalu upayoginchabaddaayi. iraq yokka rakshana nagaram kufa loe plaegu yokka oka episode samayamlo, pramukha raajaneetignudu mariyu panditudu abu moosa all-ashari (mama. 662) thana intlo evarikainaa plaegu unnanduna thana intiki sandarsakulanu tippikottaadu, mariyu sarg vadda umar charyala aadhaaramgaa muslimlu plaegu nundi paaripovadaanni samarthinchaadu. doles prakaram, idhi antuvyaadhini islaamik puurva siddhaantamgaa tiraskarinchina uddesinchina hadeesutho vairudhyam unnappatikee antuvyaadhi gurtimpunu kooda suuchistumdi.

