
phosphorylation

jeevarasaayana saastramlo, phosphorylation anedi oka anuvu ledhaa ayanku fasfate samuuhaanni jodinchadam. eee prakriya mariyu daani vilomam, defosphorylation, jeevasaastramlo saadhaaranam. protein phosphorylation tarachugaa aneka enjaimlanu sakriyam chestundi (ledhaa nishkriyam chestundi).
swaasakriya mariyu kiranajanya samyogakriya samayamlo.
vaayurahita mariyu aerobic swaasakriya rendinti prakriyalaku phosphorylation avasaram, indulo kanamlo "adhika-shakti" marpidi maadhyamamaina adenosine trifasphate (etipi) utpatti untundi. aerobic swaasakriya samayamlo, aakseekarana phosphorylation anie piluvabade prakriyaloo adenosine diphosphate (eah. dii. pii) kuu moodava fasfate samuuhaanni jodinchadam dwara mitochondrian loe eah. tii. pii samslaeshanha cheyabadutundi. glycolysis samayamlo uparitala-sthaayi phosphorylation dwara kooda eah. tii. pii samslaeshanha cheyabadutundi. mokkala kanaala chloroplastlalo photophosphorylation dwara sourashakti vyayamtho eah. tii. pii. samslaeshanha cheyabadutundi.
glucose yokka phosphorylation.
glucose metabolism.
chakkerala phosphorylation tarachugaa vaati catabolismlo modati dasha. phosphorylation kanaalu chakkeralanu kuudabettukoodaaniki anumatistundi endukante fasfate samuuham anuvulu vaati ravaanaadaaru antataa tirigi vyaapinchakundaa nirodhistundi. chakkera gvakriyalo glucose yokka phosphorylation anedi oka keelaka praticharya. glycolysis modati dasalo dii-glucosenu dii-glucose-6-phosphatega maarchadaaniki rasayana sameekaranam ilaa ivvabadindi
glycolysis.
glycolysis anedi vividha enjaimla sahayamtho vividha dasala dwara glucose rendu pairuvet anuvulugaa ksheeninche oka mukhyamaina prakriya. idhi padhi dasallo jarugutundi mariyu tudi utpattulanu saadhinchadaaniki phosphorylation chaalaa avasaramaina mariyu avasaramaina dasha anie rujuvu chestundi. phosphorylation sannahaka dasha (glycolysis modati sagam) yokka dasha 1loe praticharyanu praarambhistundi mariyu chellimpu dasha (glycolysis rendava dasha) yokka dasha 6nii praarambhistundi.
glucose, swabhaavam prakaram, kanaala lopala mariyu velupala vyaapinchae saamarthyam kaligina oka chinna anuvu. phosphorylating glucose dwara (pratikuulamgaa chaarj cheyabadina fasfate samuuhaanni srushtinchadaaniki phosphoryl samuuhaanni jodinchadam), glucose glucose-6-phosphatega maarchabadutundi, idhi kana pora pratikuulamgaa chaarj cheyabadinanduna kanamlo chikkukuntundi. eee praticharya hexokiness enjaim kaaranamgaa sambhavistundi, idhi aneka aaru-sabhyula ring nirmaanaalaku phosphorylate cheyadaaniki sahayapade enjaim. 3va dasalo phosphorylation jarugutundi, ikkada fructose-6-fasfate fructose 1,6-bisfasfetga maarchabadutundi. eee praticharya phosphophractokinas dwara utprerakam avutundi.
sannahaka dasala samayamlo phosphorylation eah. tii. pii. ess dwara nirvahinchabadutundagaa, chellimpu dasalo phosphorylation akarbana fasfate dwara nirvahinchabadutundi. glyceraldehyde 3-fasfate yokka prati anuvu phosphorylated chesi 1,3-bisphosphoglyzeretnu yerparustundi. eee praticharya glyceraldehyde-3-fasfate dehydrogenase (gyapd) dwara utprerakam avutundi. phosphorylation yokka cascade prabhavam chivariki asthiratanu kaligistundi mariyu glucoseloni carbon bandhaalanu teravadaaniki enjaimlanu anumatistundi.
phosphorylation vidhulu glycolysislo chaalaa mukhyamaina bhaagam, endukante idhi ravana, niyantrana mariyu saamardhyamlo sahaayapadutundi.
glycogen samslaeshanha.
glycogen anedi kaaleya kanaala dwara utpatti cheyabadina glucose yokka deerghakaalika nilva. kaaleyamlo, glycogen samslaeshanha raktamlo glucose saandratatoe neerugaa sambandham kaligi untundi. adhika raktamlo glucose gaadata kaaleyam, asthipanjara kandaraalu mariyu kovvu (kovvu) kanajaalamlo glucose 6-fasfate yokka kanaantara sthaayilalo perugudalaku kaaranamavutundi. glycogen synthesnu niyantrinchadamlo glucose 6-fasfate paatra undhi.
adhika raktamlo glucose insulinnu vidudala chestundi, nirdishta glucose transporterlanu kana poraku badilee cheyadaanni prerepistundi; glucose anedi phosphorylate cheyabadi glucose 6-phosphatega maarutundi, idhi eah. tii. pii-dii-glucose 6-phosphotranspherase mariyu naan-specific hexokiness (eah. tii. pii-dii-hexos 6-phosphotranspherase) dwara pora antataa ravana cheyabadutundi. kaaleya kanaalu glucoseku swechchagaa paaragamyamgaa untaayi, mariyu glucose yokka phosphorylation yokka prarambha raetu kaaleyam dwara glucose gvakriyalo raetu-parimitam chese dasha.
glucosenu carbon dioxide mariyu glycogenga vichchinnam cheyadam dwara raktamlo chakkera saandratalanu niyantrinchadamlo kaaleyam yokka keelaka paatra pratikuula gibbs free energy (δg) viluva dwara vargeekarinchabadutundi, idhi raktamlo chakkeranu niyantrinche oka binduvu anie suuchistumdi. hexokinas enjaim takkuva mykhelis sthiraamkam (k) kaligi untundi, idhi glucose patla adhika anubandhaanni suuchistumdi, kabatti raktamlo nanoscopic sthaayilo glucose sthaayilu unnappudu kooda eee prarambha phosphorylation konasaagavacchu.
fructose 6-fasfate (eff6pii) bandhinchadam dwara glucose yokka phosphorylation meruguparachavacchu mariyu fructose 1-fasfate (eff1pii) bandhinchadam dwara tagginchavachhu. aahaaramlo teesukune fructose kaaleyamlo eff1piga maarchabadutundi. idhi glucokinaspy eff6pii charyanu tiraskaristundi, idhi chivariki munduku vachhe praticharyaku anukuulamgaa untundi. phosphorylate fructoseku kaaleya kanaala saamarthyam fructose-1-phosphatenu jeevakriya chese saamarthyaanni minchipotundi. adanapu fructose teesukovadam valla chivariki kaaleya gvakriyalo asamatulyata erpadutundi, idhi parokshamgaa kaaleya kanaaniki atp sarafaraanu nilipivestundi.
glucose 6-fasfate dwara allosteric kriyaaseelata, idhi prabhavakaarigaa panichestundi, glycogen synthesnu prerepistundi mariyu glucose 6 fasfate chakriya ampere-prerepita protein kines dwara glycogen synthase yokka phosphorylation nirodhinchavacchu.
itara prakriyalu.
sariiramlooni prakriyalalo glucose yokka phosphorylation tappanisari. udaaharanaku, gunde lopala rapamycin maarga karyakalapala insulin-aadhaarita yaantrika lakshyaaniki phosphorylating glucose avasaram. idhi madhyavartitva jeevakriya mariyu hridaya perugudala madhya sambandhaanni suuchistumdi.
protein phosphorylation.
eucariotslo protein phosphorylation anedi anuvaadaanantaram atyanta samruddhiga unde maarpu. phosphoester bandham erpadatam dwara serin, thraeonine mariyu tyrosine side chainlapai (tarachugaa 'avasheshaalu' anie pilustaaru), phosphoramidate bandhaala dwara hystidine, lysine mariyu arjininpai mariyu mishrama unhydride linkejeela dwara aspartic aamlam mariyu glutamic aamlam meeda phosphorylation sambhavinchavachhu. iteevali aadharalu imidazole valayamlooni 1 mariyu 3 enn-anuvula vadda vistrutamaina hystidine phosphorylation dhruvikaristunnayi. iteevali parisoedhana helah kana saralalo phosphorylated hystidine, aspertate, glutamate, systeine, arjinin mariyu lysine kaligi unna muulaamsaalatoe sahaa bahula canonical kaani amaino aamlalapai vistrutamaina maanava protein phosphorylation pradarsistundi. ayithe, eee phosphorylated avasheshaala rasayana saamarthyam kaaranamgaa, mariyu serr, thurr mariyu tyre phosphorylationku viruddhamgaa, praamaanika jeevarasaayana mariyu maas spectrometric vidhaanaalanu upayoginchi phosphorylated hystidine (mariyu itara canonical kaani amaino aamlalu) vislaeshanha chaalaa savaluga untundi mariyu shaastreeya serr, thurr mariyu tyre phosphorylationto paatu vaati samrakshanaku pratyeka vidhanalu mariyu vibhajana paddhatulu avasaram.
jeevarasaayana saastramlo protein phosphorylation yokka pramukha paatra eee amsampai prachurinchina bhaarii adhyayanala dwara vivarinchabadindi (marchi 2015 natiki, medline database 240,000 kathanaalanu andistundi, ekkuvagaa "protein" phosphorylationpy).

