
raberto montenegro

raberto montenegro nervo (fibravari 19,1885, gwadalazaralo-october 13,1968, mexico nagaramlo) oka chitrakaarudu, kudyachitrakaarudu mariyu chitrakaarudu, mexican viplavam taruvaata mexican kudyachitra udyamamlo palgonna modati vyaktulalo okaru. athani atyanta mukhyamaina kudyachitram maajee shaan pedro mariyu shaan paablo mathamlo cheyabadindi, conny athani rachanalo diego rivera vanti itara kudyachitrakaarula maadirigaa natakam lenanduna, athanu eee prayatnamlo praamukhyatanu kolpoyadu. ayana vruttiloo ekkuva bhaagam drushtaamtaalu mariyu prachurana, portrait painting mariyu mexican hastakalalu mariyu jaanapada kalala prachaaraaniki ankitam cheyabadindi.
jeevitam.
raberto montenegro nervo fibravari 19,1885naa gwadalazaralo janminchaadu. athani tallidandrulu kalnal ignacio ell montenegro mariyu kavi amado nervo attha maria nervo. montenegroku naluguru sodareemanulu unnaru rosaura, anaa, eevaa mariyu maria eugenia mariyu oka sodarudu, arturo. 1910loe mexican viplavam prarambhamainappudu united statesku bayaludaerina porpherio diaz paalana labdhidaarulalo aaa kutumbam okati. vaaru 1920la madhyalo tirigi vacchaaru. montenegro balyam gurinchi chaalaa takkuva telusu. georg ensiso mariyu luis castillo ledon latho kalisi oka paarkulo teenagerga unna athani photo undhi. interviewlalo ayana eee samayam nundi pastery konadam mariyu thana chuttoo unna saadhaarana vastuvula rangulu mariyu roopaalanu mechukovadam vanti saadhaarana vishayaala gurinchi matrame matladaru. ayana thana modati droying anubhavam kaligina baalura paatasaalalo vidyanu praarambhinchaaru. idhi gwadalazaralo painting mariyu sangeeta paatasaalanu kaligi unna felix bernardellitho gharshanalaku daariteesindi mariyu montenegronu art nouvoku parichayam chesindi.
athanu 1903loe mexico nagaraniki vacchaadu, athani tandri vaastusilpaanni adhyayanam cheyadaaniki pampaaru. thana bandhuvu amado nervo dwara, athanu mexico nagaramloni jose juvan tablada, manuel dii laa paaraa mariyu justo sierrato sahaa aneka mandhi saamaajika unnatavargaalanu kalusukogaligadu. 1904 nundi 1906 varaku shaan carlos academylo droying mariyu charitranu abhyasinchaadu. athani upadhyayulalo leandro izaguire, german gedovius mariyu alberto fuster unnaaru mariyu athani sahavidyaarthulu diego rivera, angel jarraga, francisco goitia mariyu saternino herron. athanu japanese kalatho suparichitudayyaadu, dheeni prabhavanni rivista moderna kosam athani konni drushtaamtaalanu chudavachu. 1906loe, athanu mariyu diego rivera airopaku velle avakaasam kosam finalistlugaa nilichaaru. montenegro gelavadamtho naanem taas dwara eee nirnayam teesukunnaru. conny rivera nelala taruvaata vellipotundi. montenegro modata modridlo chekkina ricardo baroja aadhvaryamlo shaan fernando academylo chaduvutunnadu. athanu ell greco, goya mariyu ignacio julogaa vai jabaleta rachanalanu adhyayanam chestu prado museumku matabhrashtudayyaadu.
1907 nundi 1910 varaku athanu paarislo unnadu, akkada athanu cubismtho thana modati sambandhaanni kaligi unnadu, picaso, georges brock mariyu juvan grisnu kalusukunnadu. ayinappatikee, ayana paniloo cubist period ledhu. rendu samvatsaraalu athanu paarislo collin courstvos vidyaarthigaa chaduvukunnadu mariyu nagaramlo thana panini pradarsinchaadu. ayana london mariyu italeeki kooda vellaaru. athanu 1910loe kontakaalam meksikoku tirigi vacchaadu, conny 1913 natiki athanu tirigi paarislo unnadu, maroe aaru samvatsaraalu, ekol national suupariir dess bukes-artslo chaduvutuu, "rivista mundiyal" anae patrika kosam ruben dariotho kalisi panicheesaadu. 1914loe modati prapancha yuddham prarambhamainappudu, athanu barcelonaku velli, aapai gandara anae chitrakaaruditho kalisi mallorkaku vellaadu, akkada athanu chitrinchaadu mariyu jeevanopaadhi chepalu pattadam kooda chesaadu. athanu akkada chitrakaarudu anglada kamarasanu kooda kalisaadu.
montenegro 1921loe saasvatamgaa meksikoku tirigi vellaadu. athanu rachayitalu, paatrikeyulu, kalaakaarulu mariyu raajakeeya naayakulatoe kuudina vistrutamaina snehitulanu unchukunnadu.
athanu october 13,1968naa petzkuwaro loe maraninchaadu.
vrutti.
vivarana mariyu prachurana.
montenegro thana jeevitakaalamlo, jose juvan tablada mariyu luis zii thoo sahaa vividha rachayithalatho manchi sambandhaalanu kaligi unnadu. rivista moderna" thoo kalisi arbina panicheestunnaaru. fraanslo athanu leey temoin thoo mariyu modridlo ramon dell vaale-inclantho kalisi panicheesaadu. mexicolo, athanu 1928 nundi 1931 varaku "laas contemperanios" anae prachurana kosam aneka mandhi rachayithalatho sambandham kaligi unnadu, indulo carlos pellisar, jose gorostiza mariyu salvador novo unnaaru. ayana panichesina modati prachurana jeesas ii darsakatvam vahinchina "rivista moderna dii mexico". valentines. athanu padahaaru samvatsaraala vayassulo guadalazaralo nivasistunnappudu drushtaamtaala kosam varnachitraalu mariyu chitraalanu pampadam praarambhinchaadu. athanu mexico nagaraniki vacchina taruvaata 1911 varaku vaaritho kalisi panicheestuunee unnadu. airopalo ataniki aneka prachuranalu unnaayi. 1910loe, athanu henry dii regnier yokka prastaavanatoe "wingt decins" anae albumlo iravai draayingnu prachurinchaadu. 1917loe, athani drushtaamtaalu barcelonalo prachurinchabadina alladin yokka pillala samskaranalo unnaayi. 1919loe, athanu "vaslav nizinsky und interpretation off block-white und goaled inn robbert montenegro" anae draayingla pustakaanni prachurinchaadu. 1933loe ayana jalisco chitrakaarulaku ankitam chesina "pintura mexicana (1800-1860)" nuu prachurinchaaru. 1950loe, athanu "retablos dii mexico" anae balipeetapu mukkalapai parisoedhananu prachurinchaadu. 1952loe ayana alphonso rayes yokka prastaavanatoe iravai draayingla albumnu prachurinchaaru.
kudyachitraalu.
montenegro yokka modati kudyachitram athanu mallorkaalo nivasistunnappudu, casino dii laa palma kosam cheyabadindi. athanu vardhamana mexican kudyachitra udyamamlo prarambha palgonnadu, 1921loe vidya karyadarshi jose vasconcelos chetha niyaminchabadi meksikoku tirigi vacchaadu. athani atyanta mukhyamaina kudyachitram maajee matham mariyu shaan pedro vai shaan paablo paatasaalalo undhi, indulo charchi bhaagam ippudu museo dii laa luz. modati kudyachitram 1922loe "arbol dii laa vidhaa" (jeevana vruksham) anie piluvabadindi, idhi manishi yokka muulam mariyu vidhini suuchistumdi. taduparidi "fiesta dii laa shanta cruze" (pavitra siluva panduga), idhi 1923 mariyu 1924 madhya mae 3naa nirmaana kaarmikulaku sambandhinchina saampradaaya panduganu varnistundi. idhi eee bhavanamloni kudyachitraalalo atyanta mukhyamainadigaa pariganinchabadutundi. "punarutthanamu" (punarutthanamu) 1931 mariyu 1933 madhya chithreekarinchabadindi. idhi kontha ghana prabhaavamtho kuudina rekhaganita kuurpu. shaan pedro vai shaan paablo metlalo, montenegro "ell jodiaco" (raasichakram) nuu chitrinchaadu, idhi 1923loe asampuurnamgaa migilipoyindi. athanu 1931loe daaniki tirigi vacchaadu, 1933loe puurti chesaadu. kudyachitraalato paatu, montenegro "jarabe tapatiyo" (gwadalazara nrutyam) mariyu "laa vendedora dii pericos" (chiluka vikreta) anie piluvabade mexican jaanapada samskrutiche prabhaavitamaina rendu tadisina gaaju kitikeelu srushtinchaadu. bhavanam pani raajakeeya samasyalaku daariteesindi, phalitamgaa asalu pranaalikalaku maarchabadindi. modata, montenegro paakshikamgaa nagnamgaa, androgenousga unna seyint sebastian yokka chitrananu maarchaalani, maroka kendra vyakti, oka mahila vaipu villu mariyu baanam chuuputuu, idhi viplavaatmaka viluvalanu suuchimchadani vasconcelos pattubattaru. fiesta dii laa cruze" loe, vasconcelos yokka oka vyakti modata cherchabadindi, mahilala chuttoo mariyu universidad national dii mexico jendaanu pattukundi. vasconcelos anukuulamgaa lenappudu, eee chitraanni paint chesi, daani sthaanamlo oka mahila chitraanni marcharu.
itara prarambha kudyachitraalalo 1924loe universidad iberoamericana librarylo chesina "america latina" kooda undhi, idhi mapp roopamlo latin america yokka upamaanam. "laa historia" 1926loe escula benito juyarez vadda jarigindi. idhi praachya bommalatho adhikarikamga roopondinchina painting. montenegro secretaria dii laa education publika mariyu universidad national yokka hermeroteca (magazine library) vadda vasconcelos private karyalayalanu kooda chitrinchaadu.
mexican kudyachitraala drushyamloki prarambha pravesam unnappatikee, athanu twaragaa praamukhyatanu kolpoyadu. athani rachanalo diego rivera, jose clemente orozco mariyu david alfaro sequiros vanti naatakeeya naipunhyam ledhu, veeru udyamamlo pradhana mugguru vyaktulugaa maararu. montenegro itara prajectulaku vellaadu, conny kereer chivarilo kontha kudyachitram mariyu bhavana alankarana panulaku tirigi vacchaadu. 1958loe, athanu gwadalajaraloni teatro digollado kosam "apolo vai laas musas" (apolo mariyu muses) anae chitralekhanaanni chitrinchaadu; ayithe, paelavamaina samsthaapana kaaranamgaa, adhi 1963loe koolipoyindi. 1964loe athanu gwadalajaraloni casa dii laas artessania kosam "laa muerte dii laa artessanias" (hastakalala maranam) anie piluvabade oka mojaayiknu roopondinchaadu, athanu banco dii comerciolo "industry, comercio vai trabazo" (parisrama, vaanijyam mariyu pani) anae upamaanamtho oka kudyachitraanni kooda chitrinchaadu.
convas.
montenegro yokka prarambha pradarsanalalo konni athani convas pani mexican viplavam praarambhaaniki mundu mexicolo jarigaayi. guadalazaralo, athanu daa. 1911 mariyu 1912loe rendu pradarsanalu nirvahinchina atal. yuddham prarambhamainappudu, athanu 1914 nundi 1919 varaku mallorkaalo nivasistuu airopaku tirigi vacchaadu. ikkada athanu chepalu pattadam mariyu eee praantamlooni acharala nundi prerana pondina itara drushyaalapai ekkuvagaa art nauvio shaililo panicheesaadu. 1918 mariyu 1919loe mallorkaalo mariyu modridlo ayana thana kalanu chalasarlu pradarsinchaaru. ayana mallii meksikoku tirigi vachinappudu, ayana modati pradarsana mexico nagaram yokka chaaritraatmaka kendramloni hotel itterbidelo jarigindi. 1948loe, athanu thana paeru pettabadina baarlo unchina hotel dell prado kosam chitraalanu geesaadu. 1950 nundi, athanu aadaayaanni pondadaaniki maargamgaa chitraalanu teeyadam praarambhinchaadu; idhi athanu 1920laloe chesina pani. eee chitraalalo chitrakaarudu jeesas rayis ferriera, dolores dell reo, gustavo baaj prada, frida kahlo, enrich asansolo, elias nandino, genaro estrada, jose ruben romero, carlos chavez, rufino tamayo, jeesas federico rayis herolls mariyu victor raul haya day laa torre chitraalu untaayi. athanu naalugu sweeya-chitraalu kooda chesaadu, vaatilo okati kumbhakara addamlo tananu taanu choopistundi. athani chivari chitrarahita rachanalalo maga nagnalu, tarachugaa swalinga samparkam undevi. veetilo "ell baano", "violine vaadyakaarudu" mariyu "vai asi susedio" unnaayi. itara mukhyamaina convas mukkalalo "oxakiana vai alferros", "laa karandera", "laa mujer cohn ell pescado", "selista", "vidhaa vai murte" mariyu "laa familia" unnaayi.
mexican hastakalalu mariyu jaanapada kala.
kudyachitraalato thana prarambha pani tarvaata montenegro chesina prajectulalo okati mexican hastakalalu mariyu jaanapada kalalanu prothsahinchadam, idhi athanu mexico prayaninchetappudu prasamsalu andukunnadu. 1921loe mexican swaatantrya yuddham mugimpu shatabdi utsavaala sandarbhamgaa, ayana eee pani yokka pradarsananu daa. atal mariyu georg ensiso, eee rakamaina modati vimarsanaatmaka bhaavamtho vyavastheekrutam cheyabadindi. 1934loe, athanu palasio dii bellas arteslo unna jaanapada kalaa sangrahalayanni erpaatu chesi, modati directorga vyavaharinchaadu, dheeniki athanu aneka sthiramaina chitraalanu viraalamgaa icchaadu. athani prachara paniloo 19va sataabdapu jaanapada chitrakaarudu jose maria estrada aavishkarana mariyu pracharam, alaage mexico mariyu videshaalalo pradarsanalu unnaayi. 1940loe, athanu newyorkloni museum off moderan art loe iravai sataabdaala mexican art anie piluvabade chaalaa pedda pradarsanaku jaanapada kalala curator gaa unnadu.
vaerae pani.
montenegro aneka prabhutva padavulanu kooda nirvahinchaaru. 1921loe, athanu deptamento dii artes plasticas, 1934loe deptamentio dii bellas artes director, mariyu 1936loe secretaria dii education pablika kosam deptamento dii ensenanza artistica directorga unnaaru. 1946loe, athanu toluka praantiiya museumnu nirvahinchaadu. athanu 1947loe instituto national dii bellas artes yokka pramukha departmento dii arte adhipati ayyadu. ayithe, inba director carlos chaavejto gharshana padina taruvaata, athanu prabhutva sevanu vidichipettadu.
itara panulalo rashtra setlu mariyu roopakalpana unnaayi. athanu teatro dii ulises kosam drushyaalu pani chesaadu mariyu "kyuu viva mexico!" chitram chithreekaranalo palgonnadu.", russian chitranirmaata sergi instein chae vraayabadindi. 1948loe, athanu hotel dell prado yokka cactail laanjnu alankarinchaadu.
kalaatmakata.
montenegro chitrakaarudu, print maker, illustrator mariyu theatre mariyu alankaranalo kontha panini kaligi unnadu. airopalo ayana gadipina samayam, prateekavaadam, art nauvio mariyu cubism nundi mukhyamgaa abri gaddam, vilium blake mariyu ruben dario nundi vividha prabhaavaalaku guraindi. ayithe, mexican hastakalalu mariyu jaanapada kalala nundi kooda soundaryamlo ekkuva bhaagam teesukobadindi, meksikoku dakshinaana unna saampradaaya dustulu mariyu mataparamaina vastuvulu vantivi. thana vrutti jeevitamlo, athanu chitrakalalo classic mariyu aadhunika madhya cheelipoyinatlu bhaavinchaadu mariyu rendinti madhya oogisalaadataaniki moggu chuupaadu, idhi athani kalapai kontha vimarsalanu prerepinchindi. montenegro oka adhivastavikavadiga kakunda "avaastavikavaadi" gaa paerkonnaadu, mariyu athani chitraalu tarachugaa jaanapada kathalu mariyu kalpana anae rendu praathamika amsaalanu militam chestaayi. montenegro thana taruvaati rachanalo oka nairoopya sailini abhivruddhi chesaadu, ayinappatikee athanu prajaadarana pondina, puurva-hysponic mariyu valasa kalalapai thana aasaktini eppuduu kolpoledu.
gurtimpu.
1967loe, athanu premiere national dii laas artesnu andukunnadu.
2000laloe tv unam thana pani gurinchi "laas murals perdidos dii raberto montenegro" (raberto montenegro yokka kolpoyina kudyachitraalu) anae documentaryni nirminchaaru.