
armeniyaaloni sainika charitra

armenia yokka prarambha sainika charitra hellenistic rajyalu, taruvaata paschimaana byzantine saamrajyam, thoorpuna pertian saamrajyam madhya armenian highland paristhiti dwara nirvachinchabadindi. armenia rajyam pertia ledhaa rome nundi swaatantryam kosam varusa pooraataalanu punaraavrutam chesindi, taruvaata porugu saamrajyaalalo deeninainaa punaruddharinchindi. 7va sataabdamloo muslim vijayala taruvaata, 15va sataabdam chivari varaku, varusaga arab khalifalu, seljuk saamrajyam, ilkhanet, taimurid saamrajyam mariyu akk koyunlu mariyu kaaraa koyunlu vanti itara saamrajyaala aadhipatyam ekkuvagaa gurtinchabadindi. ekkuva sainika swaatantryam yokka konni kaalalu, appudappudu, bagratids aadhvaryamlo saadhinchabaddaayi mariyu armenian ettaina praantaala velupala unnappatikee, armenian rajyam silicia.
16va sataabdam prarambham nundi, thoorpu armeniyaanu iraan yokka varusa raajavamsaalu, antey suffavids, taruvaata afsharids mariyu kajarlu paalinchaaru. 16va sataabdamloo, juhab oppandamtho (1639) nirnayaatmakamgaa paschima armeniya ottoman paalanaloki vachindi. 16va sataabdam mariyu 17va sataabdam madhyakaalamlo, ayinappatikee, iru pratyarthulu tama bhuubhaagaalanu vistarinchadaaniki prayatninchadamtho, tarachugaa jarigina ottoman-pertian yuddhalu armeniyaaloni rendu praantaalapai dhvamsamayyaayi. chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu satabdaalugaa ottoman-iranian sainyamlo poraadaaru.
1828loe yuddhamlo odipoyina taruvaata kazar iraan thoorpu armeniyaanu russian saamraajyaaniki appaginchindi. aaa vidhamgaa, 1828 nundi mariyu taruvaata, chaaritraka armenia mallii rendu saamrajyaala madhya undhi, esaari ottoman saamrajyam verses. russian saamrajyam. armenian maranahomam sanghatanala samayamlo, chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu turkish prabhutva charyalanu pratighatinchi aayudhalu chepattaru.
1991loe, yuu. ess. ess. aarr. raddu taruvaata, armenian republic sthaapinchabadinappudu, poruguna unna azerbaijan republicto shatru sambandhaalu mariyu nagorno-karabakh sangharshana armenialo atyanta mukhyamaina sainika vishayalugaa gurtinchabaddaayi.
prarambha charitra.
armani.
armaaneelu acadian saamraajyamtho poradi, oka nagaranni dhvamsam chesinatlu perkonabadindi, ayithe deshaala madhya ledhaa armani desham madhya jarigina poraataalu mariyu yuddhaala gurinchi peddagaa teliyadu.
mitani.
siriya niyantranapai eejiptu vaaritho konni vijayavantamaina gharshanala taruvaata, mitanni vaaritho saantini koorutuu, oka kootami erpadindi. kristupurvam 14va sataabdam praarambhamlo rendava shutarna paalanalo, eee sambandham chaalaa snehapuurvakamgaa undedi, athanu thana kumarte gilu-hepanu moodava faroku amenhotepto vivaham kosam eejiptuku pampaadu. mitanni ippudu adhikara sikharaagramlo undhi.
ayithe, modati eriba-adad (1390-1366 BC) paalana natiki assyriapy mitanni prabhavam ksheeninchindi. modati eriba-aadad tushrata, athani sodarudu rendava aartatama, dheeni taruvaata athani kumarudu rendava shutarna, assyrianla maddatu koorutuu tananu taanu hurri raaju anie pilichukune vaari madhya rajavamsa yuddhamlo palgonnadu. hurri/assyria anukuula vargam raaja mitanni aasthaanamlo kanipinchindi. modati eriba-adad aaa vidhamgaa assyriapy mitanni prabhavanni tagginchaadu, ippudu assyrianu mitani vyavaharalapai prabhaavamgaa marchadu. assyria raaju modati ashur-ubalit (cree. puu. 1) cree. puu. 14va sataabdam madhyalo sutarnapai daadi chesi mitanni bhoobhaganni swaadheenam chesukuni, assyrianu marosari goppa saktigaa marchadu.
shutarna maranam taruvaata, mitanni vaarasatva yuddhamtho naasanamaindi. chivariki shutarna kumarudu tushratta simhasananni adhishtinchaadu, conny rajyam gananeeyamgaa balaheenapadindi mariyu hittite mariyu assyrian bedirimpulu rendoo perigayi. adhe samayamlo, egyptutho dautya sambandhaalu challabaddayi, egyptianlu hittaitlu mariyu assyrianla perugutunna saktini bhayapaddaru. hittite raaju modati sapiluliama uttara syrialoni mitanni saamanta rajyalapai daadi chesi vaati sthaanamlo viswasaneeya prajalatho niyaminchabaddaadu.
rajadhani vaashukannilo kotta adhikara poraatam praarambhamaindi. hittaitlu mariyu assyrianlu simhaasanaaniki vividha natulaku maddatu icchaaru. chivaraku oka hittite sainyam rajadhani vashukanni jayinchi, tushratta kumarudaina shattivajanu cree puu 14va sataabdam chivaralo mitanneeki tama saamanta rajuga niyaminchindi. appatike rajyam khabur loyagaa kudinchabadindi. assyrianlu mitanneepai tama vaadananu vadulukoledu, cree puu 13va sataabdamloo modati shalmanesar rajyaanni swaadheenam chesukunnadu.
nairi, shupriya mariyu hayasa.
nairi, shupriya mariyu hayasa tegalu daadaapu 500 samvatsaraala paatu assyrianlu mariyu hittaitlatho pooraadina armenian samakhyala varusa konasagimpu, ivi saamantatvam mariyu antargata kalahalu nundi hitaitlaku vyatiraekamgaa teevramaina poraataala varaku chaalaa ibbandulanu kaliginchaayi. idhi assyrianlaku kappam kattalsina raajyaala samakhya anae vaastavaanni dhruveekarinche 40 mandhi raajula prastaavanalu unnaayi.
urutu.
urartu (urartianlo biyainili) asea mainer, mesopotamia mariyu caucasus parvataala madhya parvata peethabhoomilo unna oka puraatana rajyam, taruvaata dheenini armenian highland anie pilicheevaaru, idhi lake vaan (prastuta thoorpu turkey) chuttoo kendrikrutamai undhi. eee rajyam cree puu 1000 nundi ledhaa antakumundu cree puu 585 varaku unikilo undhi. eee paeru baibil ararat kuu anugunamgaa untundi.
aneka puraatana vraatapratulu mariyu vividha deshaala pavitra rachanalalo uraartunu tarachugaa "ararat rajyam" anie pilicheevaaru. paerlaloo anischiti kaaranam (i.ii. urartu mariyu ararat) moolaalalo vaividhyaala kaaranamgaa untundi. nijaaniki, aaa samayamlo vraatapuurvaka bhashalu acchulanu kakunda hallulanu matrame upayoginchevi. kabatti vividha puraatana moolaalalo eee padaanni "rrt" gaa vraayabadindi, idhi ararat, ledhaa uraatu, ledhaa ururti modalainavi kaavacchu (paeru yokka vyutpatti gurinchi marinta telusukovadaaniki, diguva vibhagam paerunu chudandi).
puraatana muulaalu konnisaarlu adhe deshaanni suuchimchadaaniki "armenia" mariyu "urartu" lanu parasparam marchukunnayi. udaaharanaku, kristupurvam 520 loe pertia yokka goppa darius kramamlo chekkabadina tribhasha behiston saasanamlo, eee deshaanni paatha pertianlo arminia anie pilustaaru, dheenini elamitelo harminia anie mariyu babylonianlo urartu anie anuvadistaaru.
antekakunda, paschima anatolialo nivasistunna greekulaku (mariyu, taruvaata, roman saamraajyaaniki) eee rajyaanni armenia anie pilicheevaaru, bahusha uraartutoe vaariki unna parichayalu armen tega prajala dwara undochu.
rajyam pradhanamgaa assyrianlatho poraadaaru mariyu sarduri II mariyu arjishti II aadhvaryamlo assyrianlanu oodinchi, vaarini vaari hridaya praantaalaku tarimikotti, vaarini uttara mariyu thoorpu praantaalanu mukkalu chesindi. ayithe vaari vaarasulu saamrajyaanni konasaginchalekapoyaru, rendava arjishti maranam taruvaata saamrajyam varusaga jarigina yuddhamlo assyria chetilo odipoyindi, taruvaata adhi medesku saamantamgaa maarindi.
praacheena kaalam.
artuxiad raajavamsam.
armenian hellenistic rashtram cree puu 190 loe sthaapinchabadindi mariyu artaxiad rajavamsamchae paalinchabadindi. daani shakti yokka ettulo, ekkuva armenia nedu caucasus, turkey, siriya mariyu lebanon praantaalalo vyaapinchindi. tigrains II naayakatvamlo daani vistarana taruvaata, idhi republic off romnu edurkondi. idhi kontakaalam thana swaatantryaanni kolpoinappatiki, armeniyaaloni arsacid raajavamsamto eee praantamloo tananu taanu punarudghaatinchukundi. appati nundi, romanlu mariyu pertianlu iddaroo armeniyanlatho sannihita sambandhaalanu yerparachukovadaniki prayatninchaaru. arsacid raajavamsam iranian muulaaniki chendinappatikii, pratyarthi sussanid raajavamsam swaadheenam chesukunnappudu parshiyaato thana sambandhaalanu tenchukundi, inca 301loe armenia kraistavatvaanni angeekarinchinappudu. pertian niyantranalo undagaa, 451loe, jorastrianijaniki balavantamgaa maradanni nirodhinchadaaniki armeniyanlu parshiyanlaku vyatiraekamgaa wartanantz yuddhanni poraadaaru. sainika otami ayinappatikee, pertianlu taruvaata armeniyanlanu kraistava mataanni swechchagaa aacharinchadaaniki anumatinchaaru.
tigrains II sainyam.
armenia sarihaddulanu vistarinchaalanae thana anveshanhalo tigrains II pedda sainyanni moharinchindi.
judit" rachayita prakaram, athani sainyamlo rathaalu mariyu 12,000 mandhi aswikadalam undevaaru, bahusha bhaarii aswikadalam ledhaa kavachamlanu suuchistumdi, veetini saadhaaranamgaa cellucids mariyu paarthiyanlu upayogistaaru. aayanaku 120,000 mandhi padaatidala sainikulu mariyu 12,000 mandhi parvataaroohakulu kooda unnaaru, ivi kooda parthian sainyamlo mukhyamaina lakshanamgaa undevi. selecusids maadirigaane, tigrainla sainyamlo ekkuva bhaagam phut sainikulu undevaaru. yoodu charitrakaarudu josephus shibira anucharulatho sahaa cellutia mariyu nabatialoki vaari kavaatu mariyu vijayamlo mottam 500,000 mandiki paiga purushula gurinchi matladatadu. veetilo rendodi ontelu, gaadidalu, saamaanu kosam gaadidalu, prati manishiki samruddhiga unde aahara sarafara kosam asankhyaaka gorrelu, pasuvulu, mekalu, inca chaalaa bangaaram, vendi. phalitamgaa, kavaatu chesina armenian sainyam "midutalu ledhaa bhoomi yokka dummu vanti lekkinchaleni bhaarii, kramarahita shakti". anduvalla idhi thoorpu samuuhaala maadirigaa ledhu. sambandham lekunda, chinna kappadosian, greco-phoenitian mariyu nabatian sainyalu sainikula sankhyatho saripolaledu. ayithe, vyavastheekruta roman sainyam daani dalaalatoe armeniyanlaku chaalaa pedda savaalunu edurkondi.
aaa kaalamlooni ishraeleeya charitrakaarulu icchina sankhyalu bahusha atisayokti anie gamaninchandi, hasmonian yoodulu tigrainlaku vyatiraekamgaa yuddhamlo odipoyaaru anae vaastavaanni parigananaloki teesukunte.
armenian aswikadalam.
armenian gurrapu sainikulanu armeniyaatho paatu pontus, parthia, pertia mariyu roman saamrajyam vanti sameepa rajyalu ledhaa saamrajyaalu kooda upayoginchaayi.
chapot ilaa rasadu
"armenia gurinchi vaaru cheppedi mammalni digbhraantiki gurichestundi. eee parvata prajalu madis gurrapu sainikulaku vyatiraekamgaa tananu taanu kolavagalige aswikadalam elaa abhivruddhi cheyagaligaaru? khachitamgaa cheppadagina vishayam emitante, armenia adbhutamaina baga pempakam cheyabadina gurralaku muulam. gurralu kevalam aardhika aasti matrame kaadani, sainika prayojanaala kosam kooda upayoginchavacchani eee desamloni prajalu kanugonnaru."
sussanid pertialo, armeniyanlaku pertian sainyam yokka unnata "savran" maadirigaane hodha ivvabadindi. armenian aswikadalam yokka parikaraalu savaran maadirigaane undevi. sassanian anukuula armenian aswikadalam unitlu sussanid bannerla krinda poradayi mariyu raaja rajadhani chesiphoneloki pravesinchadaaniki anumatinchabaddaayi. nijaaniki armeniyanlu vaari sevalaku gaanu gowravinchabaddaaru. udaaharanaku, general smbat bagratuniki khosro II pratyeka gowravam mariyu shraddha icchaaru. 619loe, appudu madhya asealo nivasinchina turklapy vijayam saadhinchina kaaranamgaa, ataniki vilaasavantamgaa alankarinchabadina dustulu mariyu raaju yokka aneka mandhi raaja kaaparula aadesam vanti bahumatulu ivvabaddaayi. rendava khosro kooda aayananu aasthaanamlooni prabhuvulalo moodava sthaanaaniki penchaaru. antekakunda, sassanian anukuula armeniyanlu adbhutamaina telikapati aswikadalam mariyu padaatidalaanni sarafara chesaaru, veeru satruvu aswikadalamnu tippikottadaaniki slings mariyu daggari poraatam kosam eetelanu upayoginchadamlo prasiddhi chendaaru.
prarambha madhya yugaalu.
byzantine saamrajyamlo armenia.
paschima armeniyapai byzantine aakramana samayamlo, armeniyanlu byzantine sainyamlo mukhyamaina bhaagamgaa pariganinchabaddaaru. phalitamgaa, vaaru akkada seva cheyadaaniki byzantine saamraajyamloni suduura praantaalalo sthirapadataaniki prothsahinchabaddaaru. udaaharanaku, 6va sataabdamloo, chakravarthy mauris paschima anatolialoni pergamum chuttoo sthirapadataaniki armeniyanlanu prothsahinchaadu. 7va sataabdamloo armenian dalaalu marinta praamukhyata santarinchukunnaayi; 2000loe airopa meeda daadi chestunna sanchaara prajalu ayina avarlaku vyatiraekamgaa danube sarihaddulo saayudha aswikadalam unnatavargaanni erpaatu chesaaru. itarulu constantinople saamraajya rajadhaanini kooda rakshinchaaru.
aarava sataabdamloo modati justinian yokka goppa sainikaadhikaarulalo okaraina norse, itara vijayaalato paatu italeeni ostgoths nundi tirigi geluchukovadamlo vijayam saadhinchaadu.
saampradaaya armenian aayudhalu mariyu kavachalu.
"sassoun yokka david" anedi armenian jaateeya itihaasam, idhi armeniyapai arab aakramana samayamlo madhya yugaalalo abhivruddhi chendindi. saampradaaya armenian aayudhalu mariyu kavachalu indulo pratibimbistunnatlu anipistundi. eee moukhika kathalo, yodhudu theddutho kuudina sirastraanam, mail shirtu, mariyu oka lamellar quiras mariyu metal legg defence mariyu pedda sheeled dharistaadu. athani aayudhalalo katthi, eete, villu mariyu baanaalu unnaayi, conny praathamika praamukhyata gadiki velutundi. gurrapu swaareedaarulu ituvanti aayudhalanu visirinatlu nirantaram prastaavistuu, oka gadanu thana jeenu meeda oka raidar kaalu meeda petti, eee moukhika katha yokka taruvaati prasarakalu gada "gurj" nuu iraanlo "gujar" anie piluvabade bhaarii javelin thoo gandaragolaniki gurichesayani suuchistumdi. thoorpu anatolialo, dheenini "serit" anie piliche, masaka aayudhaalatho gurrapu sainikula madhya javelin-poraatam ippatikee oka prasiddha aata.
bagrathid kingdom off armenia.
paschima armeniyapai byzantine aakramana, thoorpu armeniyapai sussanid aakramana, aaa taruvaata eee praantaanni arab swaadheenam chesukunna taruvaata, armeniyanlu tama puurveekula bhoomulapai bagrathid rajyam roopamlo tama saarvabhoumatvaanni tirigi sthaapinchaaru.
armeniyaalo, sthaanika nakhararlu 25,000 nundi 40,000 mandhi purushulanu penchagaligaaru, conny ituvanti sunkam arudugaa undedi. desham balamgaa balapadindi. lake vaan sameepamlo unna vasparakan praavinsnu debbai kotalu rakshinchaayani chebutaaru. tama satruvulapai raallanu tippadaaniki sikshana pondina parvataaroohakula pratyeka regiment undedi. muttadi yuddhamlo, armeniyanlu koota godalanu adhirohinchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki inupa huklanu mariyu paie nundi padee edainaa nundi vaarini rakshinchadaaniki pedda tholu kavachalanu upayoginchaaru. prati nakharar thana sonta kotu off arms kinda swatantra purushula dalaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. vaari desham inumu samruddhiga unnanduna aaa samayamlo armeniyanlu baga sannaddhamayyaru. armenian sainyamlo iruzdi anie piluvabade bhaarii aswikadalam kooda undedi. eee irujdeelu aaa samayamlo atyanta saktivantamaina aswikadalam anie cheppabadindi. armeniyaaloni saamaanyula nundi sunkaalanu niyaminchaaru. aaa kaalamlooni yea kraistava sainyalakaina kraistava armenian leviilu kraistavatvam kosam pooraadutaaru. warton mamiconian sainyamlo ekkuva bhaagam kraistava leviilu anie chebutaaru
anie yokka kotalu.
raaju ashot III paalanalo, anie armeniyaaku rajadhaanigaa maarindi. idhi sahajamgaa rakshita nagaram, idhi tribhujaakaara peethabhoomipai nirminchabadindi, dheeni ekaika haani kaliginche bhaagam uttara bhaagam. bhavishyat rajadhani armeniyaanu mariyu daani nivaasulanu rakshinchadaaniki, raaju aaa pradaesamlooni irukaina pradaesamloe rakshanalanu nirminchaadu. ayithe, raajyaaniki rajadhaanigaa prakatinchabadina taruvaata, nagaram vaegamgaa vistarinchindi. tatphalitamgaa, rendava smbat raaju paalanalo uttaraana bhaarii rendu godala varusa nirminchabadindi. eee uttara godalu anie yokka atyanta aakarshanheeyamaina bhaagam. migilina nagaram kooda kotalu mariyu gopuraala dwara baga rakshinchabadindi.
unnata madhya yugaalu.
byzantine sainyamlo palgonadam.
padava sataabdam chivaralo mariyu padakondava sataabdam praarambhamlo, byzantine sainyamlo armenian prameyam moodu ververu vanarula nundi vachindihi bagratid armeniyaaku chendina "anubandha" dalaalu, byzantine sainyam dwara kramam tappakunda niyaminchabade sainikulu, alaage arab-niyantrita praantaala nundi valasa vachinavaaru. bagratid armenia patanam mariyu thoorpu anatolia antataa armeniyanla chedaragottadam byzantine sainyam yokka ryaankulanu armenian sainika vibhagalu ledhaa "tagmata armenian" thoo nimpaayi. eee kaalamlo, antiochku chendina kontamandi dukelu, alaage kaldia mariyu mesopotamia dukelu tama aadhvaryamlo ituvanti unitlanu kaligi unnaarani bhaavinchaaru. aaa praantaalalo byzantine sainyamlo armenian uniki kaaranamgaa, eee moodu "itivruttaalu" ledhaa jillaalanu "armenika themata" anie pilicheevaaru. nysphorus focas dveepampai daadi chesinappudu byzantine sainyamlooni oka armenian dalam 960-961 loe creat yokka arabbulatho poradi bhayabhraantulaku gurichesindi, mariyu 965loe, oka dalam kooda silisiaku pampabadindi. zaan tzimises aadhvaryamlo, oka armenian brundam kooda 971loe rusku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina poraataalalo paalgondi, mariyu tulasi II kinda, 986loe, balgarlaku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina poraataalalo armenian paalgonnadi. constantinople yokka byzantine rajadhanilo armenian kirai sainikulu kooda unnaaru, cypresslo armenian sainika kaalaneelu unnaayi.
1045loe byzantine saamrajyam bagratid armeniyanu swaadheenam chesukunnappudu, aaa taruvaata seljuk eee praantaanni jayinchadamtho, pedda sankhyalo armeniyanlu vaerae chotiki vellaaru. paaripotunna eee kutumbaalalo chaalaa varaku silicialo mariyu chuttupakkala sthirapaddaaru, akkada vaaru oka rajyaanni sthaapinchaaru, marikondaru marinta dakshinaana eejiptuku vellaaru, marikondaru balkanlu, crimea mariyu polandlaku vellaaru.
eejiptu sainyamlo palgonadam.
chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu kraistavulu ayinappatikee, eejipt vanti sameepa muslim deshaalalo vaaru mukhyamaina paatra pooshinchaaru. 9va sataabdam chivaralo eejiptu tulunidlu kontamandi muslim armenian kirai sainikulanu niyaminchaaru. armenian dalaalu hamdanid, mirdasid mariyu fathemid dalaalalo kooda panicheesaayi. byzantium bagratid armenian rajyaanni longadeesukunnappudu, chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu eejiptuku valasa vacchi muslim armenian naayakatvamlo padaatidala viluvidyakaarula pedda dalaanni erpaatu chesaaru. chivariki, armenian dalaalu 1073-1074 loe kairo niyantrananu swaadheenam chesukunnayi. vaari nayakudu aaa vidhamgaa fathmed paripaalanalo mukhyamaina sthaanaalanu chepattadu, eee sandarbhamlo eejiptu sainyamlo marinta mandhi armeniyanlanu niyaminchaaru. seljuk turklu, crusaderlu vacchina taruvaata eee niyamakam tagginchabadindi.
georgian paalana.
armenian vimukti taruvaata georgia rajyam konni armenian praantaalanu vimukti chese varaku 1123 varaku armeniyaanu goppa seljuk saamrajyam aakraminchindi. armenia georgia raajyamlo bhuswamya bhoomilo bhaagamaindi mariyu oka desamlo goppa georgian-armenian kutumbam ayina makhergardjeli (zakaryan) mukhyamaina paatra pooshinchindi. 1190loe praarambhamaina makhargjelis vaegamgaa adhikaaramloki vachindi. tamar paalana tommidava samvatsaramlo "mandaturkutsesi" mariyu "amirspasalar" zakaria makhargjeli mariyu athani sodarudu ivaine "atabagh" 1193loe dwinnu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. vaaru jelakan, bijnisi, umberd mariyu bargushat mariyu anie nagaraniki paina unna anni pattanaalanu khodafarin vantena varaku swaadheenam chesukunnaru.
1195loe eldiguzids raajyampai daadi chesinappudu. armenian dalaalu david soslan aadhvaryamlo georgia bhuswamya sainyamlo cheraayi. saadhaarana yuddham 1195loe shankore (shankore yuddham) sameepamlo jarigindi. aboo-bakr, thana client muslim ameerlache balopetam cheyabadi, juun 1,1195naa baga balapadina shankore nagaramlo satruvunu edurkonnadu. david soslan nagaram yokka dwaaraalanu chedinchadaaniki saapekshamgaa chinna dalaanni pampaadu, adhe samayamlo athanu pradhana georgian dalaalanu satruvu venuka bhaagamlo lothugaa daadi cheyadaaniki nadipinchaadu. ayithe, paelavamaina roadlu mariyu kashtataramaina prakruti drushyam georgianlaku edurudebbagaa marai, atabegh kontakaalam nagaranni rakshinchindi. ayinappatikee, david soslan yokka vyuuham nirnayaatmakamainadigaa niroopinchabadindi mariyu abu bucker sainyam teevramgaa odipoyindi. chivariki shankornu georgianlu swaadheenam chesukunnaru, vaaru shatru sainikulanu ganjai nagaram varaku vembadinchaaru, adhi daani vaipu vijayula chetilo padindi.
1199 loe vaaru anie nagaranni swaadheenam chesukunnaru, 1201 loe georgia paalaka raani tamar vaariki aanini oka sthambhamgaa ichindi.
armenian kingdom off silicia.
silicia yokka armenian rajyaanni madhya yugaalalo byzantines nundi paaripotunna armeniyanlu, taruvaata seljuk turklu sthaapinchaaru. silician armeniyanlu, kraistavulu kaavadamtho, konnisaarlu modati crusade samayamlo frankish crusaderlatho pottu pettukunnaru. snehapoorvaka crusader-armenian sambandhaala sandarbhamlo, vaaru tama sainika dustulu mariyu viewhalalo kooda european sampradaayaalanu avalambinchaaru.
samakaaleena charitrakaarula prakaram, silician armenian sainyamlo 100,000 mandhi varaku purushulu unnaaru, veerilo moodinta oka vanthu aswikadalam. aaa samayamlo, armenian bhaarii aswikadalam vaari spashtamaina sahacharulatho bhaarii saaruupyatalanu kaligi undhi, mariyu armenian sainyam upayoginche parikaraalu europeanlu upayoginche parikaraalatoe marinta ekkuvagaa pooli undevi. levantlo crusaderla sainika daadulaloo armeniyanlu goppa sahayanni andinchaaru. nijaaniki, crusaderlu tama poraataalannintilo armenian muttadi injaneerlanu niyaminchaaru. udaaharanaku, "havedic" ("avedis" yokka latin roopam) anae oka nirdishta nipunudu 1124loe tyrepy daadi cheyadaaniki upayoginche yantraalanu roopondinchaadu.
leo II silician armenian sainika samsthalo mukhyamaina maarpulanu pravesapettaadu, idhi appati varaku grater armeniyaaloni armenian rajyalanu pooli undedi. nakharar", armenian bhuswamya prabhuvulu, vaari paatha svayampratipattini chaalaa varaku kolpoyaru. praantiiya nayakula paerlu mariyu vidhulu laatinlo marchabaddayi, sainika nirmaanamlooni aneka amsaalu crusader raashtraala nundi, mukhyamgaa sameepamloni antioch rajyam nundi prerana pondaayi ledhaa coppy cheyabaddaayi.
silician armeniyaalo kotalu.
silicialoni chaalaa armenian kotalu, gundrani mariyu mukhyamgaa gurrapu naala aakarapu towerlu, chakkaga kattirinchina tarachugaa tuppu pattina ashler mukhamgaa unde raallu, slat meshikoleshantho sanklishtamgaa vangi unna pravesam, vilukaalla kosam chikkukunna losugulu, under craftlu, getlu mariyu chappels meeda baarel ledhaa pointed valtlu mariyu vistrutamaina macchalu gala kaaluvalato kuudina tottelu vanti avakatavakalu, yokka sainuvasitiilanu anusarinchadaaniki kramarahita pranaalikalatoe veyabadina bahula baelii godalu kaligi untaayi. aneka kotalaku sameepamlo poura sthaavaraala avasheshaalu unnaayi. armenian raajyamlooni konni mukhyamaina kotalalo sis, anavarja, wahka, yalankale, sarvandikar, kuklak, thil hamtun, hudgin, lampron mariyu gaban (aadhunika geben) unnaayi. armenian roopakalpana aalochanalu sameepamloni crusader rashtraallo koota nirmaanaanni prabhaavitam chesaayi, veetilo antioch rajyam, ikkada chinna kondapai avutpostula nundi pradhana rakshana kotala varaku kotalu unnaayi. antioch kontamandi european sthiranivaasulanu aakarshinchindi, anduvalla vaaru greeku, syrian mariyu armenian muulaaniki chendina sainika unnatavargaalapai ekkuvagaa aadharapaddaru, vaaru bahusha sthaanika kotala roopakalpananu prabhaavitam chesaaru.
ottoman-iranian paalana.
1375loe eejiptu mamelukelu silician armeniyanu swaadheenam chesukuni, armenian saarvabhoumatvaanni samarthavantamgaa antam chesaaru. ottoman saamrajyam chivariki modati selim aadhvaryamlo mamluk sultanetnu jayinchadamtho siliciapy thana palananu sthaapinchindi. seljuklu, mangol saamrajyam, ilkhanet, taimurids mariyu akk mariyu kaaraa koyunlu yokka varusa paalana taruvaata, armeniyaanu abhivruddhi chendutunna safavid rajyam ismail I swaadheenam chesukundi. 1555loe amasya shanti, juhab oppandam (1639) thoo nischayaatmakamgaa ottomanlu paschima armeniyaanu pondagaa, thoorpu armeniyaanu pertian paalanalo unchaaru. chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu rendu saamrajyaala sainyaalalo panicheesaaru. safavidla unnata "gholam" dalamlo chaalaa mandhi armeniyanlu cherchabaddaaru. ottoman sainyam daani prarambha dasalo puraatana kaalapu mishrama villupai aadhaarapadina armenian padaatidala viluvidyakaarula sevanu aasvaadinchindi. turkish unnatavargaaniki prakaasavantamaina dustulanu ketaayinchina ottoman chattaala phalitamgaa vaaru mute chesina rangulu ledhaa nalupu dharinchaaru. taruvaata, kontamandi armenian pillalu janissareelugaa perigaaru. saampradaaya armenian bhoomula thoorpu bhaganni kazar iraan nundi saamraajya russia swaadheenam chesukundi, dheenini 1828loe turkmenchai oppandam dhruveekarinchindi.
armenian sainyam.
armenian sainyam anedi kramam laeni vibhagalu, vaaru ottoman durakramana mariyu oochakotha nundi armenian gramalu mariyu nagara nivaasaalato pooraadataaniki mariyu rakshinchadaaniki swachchandamgaa tama kutumbaalanu vidichipettaru. ottoman dalaalu mariyu kurdish akrama dalaalaku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina yuddhaala samayamlo tarachugaa koddimandi "fedayeelu" matrame undevaaru. vaari bhaavajaalam mariyu armeniyanlu sweekarinchina anachiveta sthaayini batti armenian swayampratipatti (armenacan) ledhaa swaatantryam (dashnox, hunchux) pondadam vaari suduura lakshyam. vaarilo kondaru vaari viplavam samayamlo iranian viplavakaarulaku kooda sahayam chesaaru.
modati prapancha yuddham.
modati prapancha yuddhamlo yuva turk prabhutvam armenian prajalanu maaranahomaaniki gurichesindi. 15 laksala nundi 2 millionla mandhi purushulu, mahilalu mariyu pillalu champabaddaru. vaan pratighatana samayamlo vanti turkish prabhutva charyalanu armeniyanlu tarachugaa pratighatinchaaru.
democratic republic off armeniyaanu sthaapinchadamtho, russian saamrajyam mariyu sainyam patanam taruvaata caucasus prachaaramlo, kottagaa vyavastheekruta sainyam ottoman saamraajyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa rendu yuddhalu chesindi. sardarapat yuddhamlo vijayam armeniyanlu samarthavanthamaina shakti anie niroopinchindi, conny chivariki armeniyanlu tama bhoomi mariyu aayudhalalo ekkuva bhaganni longadeesukovalsi vachindi. adhe samayamlo, democratic republic off armenia 1918 georgian-armenian yuddham mariyu 1918 armenian-ajeri yuddhanni kooda edurkondi.
paryavasanalu.
1920loe, armeniya turkish-armenian yuddhamlo turkeytho varusa yuddhalu chesindi. soviet erra sainyam dandayaatra taruvaata, 1921loe soviet union dwara armeniyaanu vileenam chesaaru.
rendava prapancha yuddham.
rendava prapancha yuddhamlo soviet union aadhvaryamlo mitraraajyaala pakshana armenia paalgondi. rendava prapancha yuddham yokka goppa deshabhakti yuddhamlo paschima soviet unionlo chaalaa varaku chesina vidhvamsam mariyu vidhvamsam nundi armenia tappinchukundi. naajilu dakshina caucasus cherukoledu, vaaru ajarbaijaanloni chamuru kshetraalanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki uddesinchaaru. ayinappatikee, parisramalu mariyu vyavasayam dwara mitraraajyaalaku sahayam cheyadamlo armenia viluvaina paatra pooshinchindi. anchanaa prakaram 300-500,000 armeniyanlu yuddhamlo panicheesaaru, vaarilo daadaapu sagam mandhi tirigi raaledu. aaa vidhamgaa itara soviet republiclalo talasari maranaala sankhya atyadhikamgaa unna deshaalalo armeniyaalo okati.
10 mandhi jaathi yetara armeniyanlatho sahaa mottam 117 mandhi armenian pourulaku soviet union yokka heero avaardu labhinchindi. veerilo 36 mandhi charyalo champabaddaru mariyu maranaanantaram eee birudunu pondaaru. 27 mandhi armenian sainikulu mariyu saargentlaku kooda arder off glory labhinchindi, mariyu armeniyaaku chendina mottam 66,802 mandhi paalgonevaariki soviet union yokka arderlu mariyu patakaalu pradaanam cheyabaddaayi. soviet union aakramita praantaalalo nivasistunna armeniyanlu germanlatho pooraadataaniki pakshapaata samuuhaalanu erpaatu chesaaru. aravai mandiki paiga armeniyanlu general hodaaku padoonnati pondaaru, adanamgaa naluguru sainikulatoe chivariki soviet union marshal hodaanu saadhinchaaru. 1943loe modati baltic frontku commanderga niyaminchabadinappudu hovehans bagrian modati baanisa marshal mariyu front commander padavini nirvahinchina modati commander. admiral evon isakov soviet union yokka naukaadalaaniki rendava admiral ayyadu. tank mariyu saayudha dalaala yokka iddaru cheef maarshallalo hamajasp babadjhanian rendavaadu. sergei khudyakov vimanayana marshalga vyavaharinchina moodava vyakti.
soviet armeniyaalo aaru pratyeka sainika vibhagalu 1941-42 loe erpaddaayi, endukante kontavaraku republic nundi chaalaa mandhi musaayidaadaarulu russian ardham chesukolekapoyaru. eee aaru vibhagalalo matrame 67,000 mandiki paiga sainikulu unnaaru. vaatilo aidu, 89va, 409va, 408va, 390va mariyu 76va vibhagalu, pratyaekamaina yuddha rikaardunu kaligi untaayi, ayithe aaravadi porugu turkey dwara sambhaavya chorabaatuku vyatiraekamgaa republic yokka paschima sarihaddulanu kaapaadataaniki armeniyaalo undaalani aadesinchabadindi. jaathi armeniyanlatho kuudina 89va tamanyan vibhagam yuddha samayamlo pratyaekatanu santarinchukundi. majer general netrutvamlo berlin yuddhamlo pooraadutuu berlinloki pravesinchindi. aneka mandhi armenian sainikulu maroe rendu bahula-jaathi vibhagalalo kooda panicheesaaru. vaaru soviet armeniyaaku matrame kakunda, itara soviet republicla nundi mariyu gananeeyamaina armenian minoritylu unna itara deshaala nundi kooda vacchaaru.
armenian ssr aayudhalanu andinchi, virigina vimanalanu punarnirminchaaru. kaarmikulu rakshana nidhi 216,000,000 rubillaku viraalamgaa icchaaru. armeniyaanu, bahumatigaa, mundu 45 vyaganla vastuvulaku pampaaru. madhyaprachyam mariyu paschimaana unna armenian samajalu kooda erra sainyam kosam varusa tankulanu nirminchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki soviet prabhutvaaniki gananeeyamaina mottamlo dabbunu viraalamgaa icchaayi. eee cheruvulaku armenian madhyayuga itihaasam yokka heero ayina sasun yokka david mariyu marshal bagrian paeru pettaru.
armenia mariyu soviet union velupala, missak manuchian french pratighatana naayakulalo okaru. athanu 1944loe manuchian netrutvamloni eftipi-moyi paris praantamlooni 20 mandiki paiga sabhyulatho kalisi naajeelachae bandhinchabadi uriteeyabaddaadu mariyu aadhunika french charitralo chaalaa gouravaneeyamaina vyaktigaa migilipoyadu. united states sainyamlo pooraadina alankarinchabadina sainikulalo ernest hetch unnaaru. dervician (medal off aanar graheeta), harry kyzyrian (road dveepaaniki chendina atyanta alankarinchabadina sainikudu mariyu yuddhamlo atyanta alankarinchabadina naavikulalo okaru), mariyu victor maghakian (yuddhamlo atyanta alankarinchabadina american sainikulalo okaru). sodarulu noel agazarian mariyu jaak agazarian iddaroo british raayal air forcelo panicheesaaru, noel flying officerga padoonnati pondhi, 1941loe charyalo champabadataaniki mundu britton yuddhamlo palgonnadu, jaak kooda rahasya nigha sevaku feeled agent ayyadu mariyu 1945loe bandhinchi uriteeyabaddaadu. vaari sodari, monic agazarian, abb initio pailat-sikshana kosam air transport sahayakamga aamodinchabadina kevalam 10 mandhi yuvatulalo okaru ayyaru.
jevork vartanian long jump operation nuu addukodaniki baadhyata vahinche oka nigha agent, tadwara joseph stallin, winston churchill mariyu franklin dii. hatyalanu nivaarinchaadu. 1943loe tehran samavesamlo roosvelt.
aksham vaipu, "armenish sainyam" "vehrmacht" loe srushtinchabadindi, indulo pradhanamgaa soviet yuddha khaideelu unnaaru, veeru naajii pou shibiraalaku pampadam ledhaa champadam kante german dalaala kosam pooraadaalani enchukunnaaru. thoorpu frontlo soviet unionku vyatiraekamgaa pooraadina armeniyaaku chendina maajee rakshana mantri general drastamat kanayan eee dalaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaaru. soviet niyantrana nundi armeniyanu vimukti cheyalane aasatoe swachchandamgaa munduku vacchina dalamlooni alpasankhyaakulalo kanayan okaru. yuddha samayamlo german saayudha dalaalalo panichestunna mottam armeniyanla sankhya 33,000 kuu cherukundih 14,000 mandhi feeled betalianlalo unchabaddaaru, maroe 7,000 mandhi logistical mariyu itara naan-kambat unitlalo panicheesaaru. crimean dveepakalpam mariyu caucasus aakramanalo sainyam paalgondi. idhi holocastlo paalgonaledu, dheeniki viruddhamgaa aneka mandhi yoodu sainikulu dalamlooni kontamandi armeniyanlu rakshinchinappudu gubbaluga bandhinchabaddaaru. naajeela gurtimpunu tappinchukovadaaniki yoodulanu betalianku pampadam aneka sandarbhaalalo undhi. yuddham mugise samayaniki, chaalaa mandhi sainikulu vidichipettaru, firaayinchaaru ledhaa tirugubaatu chesaaru. naajii germany armeniyanlu indo-european (ledhaa aryan) prajalu anie angeekarinchinappatiki, adolph hitler vyaktigatamgaa ilaa annadu, "neenu armeniyanlanu viswasinchanu."
yuddhamlo daadaapu 9,000 mandhi anubhavagnulu ippatikee armeniyaalo nivasistunnaaru.
republic off artsakh (nagorno-karabakh republic).
20va sataabdamloo, nagorno-karaabaakhnu taruvaati russian, british mariyu ajeri paalakulu armenian gurtimpunu niraakarinchaaru.
soviet azerbaijani prabhutvam eee praantaanni balavantamgaa jaathi prakshaalana nirvahinchindani nagorno-karabakh armeniyanlu aaropinchaaru. majority armenian janabha, armeniyaaku saiddhaantika mariyu bhouthika maddatutoe, bhoobhaganni armeniyaaku badilee cheyadaaniki oka udyamaanni praarambhinchindi. eee samasya modata 1987loe "maatala yuddham" gaa undedi. 1991 december prajabhipraya sekaranalo, nagorno-karabakh prajalu swatantra rashtra erpaatunu aamodinchaaru. azerbaijaanlo nagorno-karabakh kosam svayampratipattini penchaalani soviet chesina pratipaadana yea pakshanni santrupti parachaledu. 1991loe soviet union raddu ayina taruvaata, republic off artsakh swaatantryam kosam armeniyanlu mariyu azerbaijan madhya yuddham chelaregindi, idhi eee praantaanni tamadigaa perkondi.
soviet anantara shakti shoonyathalo, azerbaijan mariyu armeniyaala madhya sainika charya russian sainyanche bhaareega prabhaavitamaindi. antekakunda, ajeri sainyam ukrain mariyu russia nundi pedda sankhyalo kirai sainikulanu niyaminchindi. eee poraatamlo veyyi mandhi afghan mujaahideenlu palgonnaru. azerbaijan vaipu chechenya nundi porade yodhulu kooda unnaaru.
1993 chivari natiki, eee sangharshana vaelaadi mandhi praananashtaaniki kaaranamaindi mariyu rendu vaipula lakshalaadi mandhi saranaarthulanu srushtinchindi. 1994 mae natiki azarabaijan bhoobhaagamlo 14 saatam bhuubhaagam armeniyanla niyantranalo undhi. phalitamgaa, ajarbaijaanilu karabakhi adhikaarulatho pratyaksha charchalu praarambhinchaaru. 1994 mae 12naa russia sampradimpula dwara kaalpula viramanaku angeekarinchabadindi. conny, eee vivaadaaniki tudi parishkaram inca dorakaledu.
mukhyamaina sanghatanala kalakramam.
vijayalu laetha buudida rangulo untaayi, nashtalu erupu rangulo untaayi.