
tanu tanu

daa. nguen tone hohn (mae 1917-19 september 2001) vietnamese catholic raajakeeyavetta, modata vaidyudu, 1940la nundi 1960la varaku thaay whit kwak dang (grater vietnam jaateeyavaada party) kii naayakatvam vahinchaadu. aaa samayamlo ayana dakshina vietnam rajakeeyaalalo churukuga unnaaru, 1964loe kontakaalam upa pradhaniga panicheesaaru.
prarambha vrutti.
nguen tone hohn 1917 maeloe viyatnaamlooni tye ninlo janminchaadu. athanu hanoi vishwavidhyaalayamlo vaidyasaastram abhyasinchaadu, akkada athanu vidyaarthi rajakeeyaalalo palgonnadu. 1939loe, ayana thaay vietnam (grater vietnam jaateeyavaada party) nuu sthaapinchadamlo sahayapaddadu.
1946loe vietnam uttara viyatnaampai pattu saadhinchinappudu, athanu chainaku paaripoyaadu, taruvaata chiang kaii-shake yokka jaateeyavaada kumintang paalanalo, chettha deck kinda daakkunnaadu. 1947loe hohn thana raajakeeya kriyaaseelatanu konasaaginchadaaniki saiganku tirigi vacchaadu-akkada viyat minn uttaraana tama vadda unna kathinamaina niyantrananu upayoginchaledu.
1947 madhyalo, athanu engo dinh diem thoo kalisi, taruvaata dakshina viyatnaanku modati adhyakshudayyadu. thoti catholic ayina deam 1930laloe maajee praantiiya governor mariyu communistulache champabadina maroka praantiiya nayakudu ngo dinh khoi yokka tammudu. migilina samvatsaramlo, eee janta communistu vyatiraekulanu vietnam jaateeya kootami (vna) anie piluvabade kotta jaateeyavaada samsthagaa vyavastheekarinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru. iddaroo vietnam kosam moodava saktini nirminchaalani korukunnaru, idhi oka vaipu communism mariyu marovaipu valasavaadaanni nivaarinchindi. hohn yokka thaay whit mariyu dium yokka shakti sthaavaram kontha vegaanni utpatti chesaayi.
hohn mariyu deam prakaram, augustu viplavam samayamlo viyat minn chetha balavantamgaa padavee viramana cheyabadi, videshee bahishkaranaku guraina baado thaay aadhvaryamlo kotta raajakeeya udyamaaniki maddatunu sameekarinchadam vna yokka lakshyam. appudu bouy adhikaaraaniki marganni andinchadaaniki hohn vanti raajakeeya nayakulanu niyaminchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. viyatnaamlo vaari valasarajyala unikiki marinta chattabaddhatanu andinchadaaniki french vaaru kooda bow doy thoo kalisi panicheyaalani korukunnaru.
1949loe, french unionlo anubandha raashtramaina vietnam raashtraaniki adhipatigaa french vaaru baao doynu niyaminchaaru, antey french godugu kinda parimita swayampratipatti. vietnam perigina swayampratipatti mariyu chivariki swaatantryam vaipu payanistundani aasistuu, hohn yokka thaay viyat praarambhamlo bowthoo sahakarinchindi. hohn, thaay yokka rendu prarambha mantrivargaalalo yuvajana mariyu kreedala mantrigaa unnaaru, mariyu athanu viyatnaanku ping pang nuu parichayam chesaadu. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, vietnam rashtraanni french shamga deam kopamgaa khandinchaaru mariyu vietnam jaateeya kuutamiki mugimpu palukutuu, thaay kii sahayam cheyadaaniki niraakarinchaaru. ayithe, vietnam rashtram shaashwata maarpuku daariteeyadani hohn nirdhaarinchaadu, kabatti athanu mariyu thaay viyat upasamharinchukunnaaru.
1953 chivaralo, diem yokka tammudu mariyu pradhana salahaadaaru ayina ngo dinh nuu, unity kaangresnu nirvahinchaaru, idhi hohns daayi whit, daayi whit quick dang mariyu diem anucharulu vanti vividha communist vyatiraeka jaateeyavaadula forum. dheem kosam pracharam pondadam nhu yokka lakshyam. hohn paalgonadaaniki angeekarinchaadu, mariyu samavesam gandaragolamgaa maarindi, conny nuu thana sodarudiki pracharam pondadam mariyu badoy yokka kopamgaa khandinchadam anae thana lakshyanni saadhinchaadu.
bahishkarinchaaru.
1954loe, diyemnu pradhana mantrigaa bovai niyaminchaaru. modati samvatsaramlo, hoho mariyu cavo daayi matha vibhagalu mariyu binh juen vyavastheekruta naera sindiketto sahaa vividha samuuhaalu adhikaram kosam potipadatam valla diem prabhutvam asthiramgaa undhi. adhikaranni chejikkinchukune prayatnam viphalamaina taruvaata, athanu fraansku paaripoyaadu. diam taiviyanlanu nishedhinchi, daani nayakulanu bahishkarinchamani ledhaa dachamani balavantam chesindi. 1963 juulai 7naa, vietnam rashtra pradhana mantrigaa thana niyamakam tommidava vaarshikotsavam sandarbhamgaa, oka prasangamlo, diem "prajaasvaamyavaadula maaruveshamlo unna faasist siddhaantakartalu [veeru] videshaalalo maaku vyatiraekamgaa praja abhipraayaalanu rekettistuu intlo anaikyatanu punaruddharinchadaaniki mariyu punaruddharinchadaaniki rahasyamgaa prayatnistunnaaru" anie, hohn yokka daayi viet gurinchi prastaavistuu vistrutamgaa vyakhyaaninchaaru. 1963 navambarulo, general duwang vaan minh diyemku vyatiraekamgaa tirugubaatuku naayakatvam vahinchaadu, phalitamgaa adhyakshudu hatyaku gurayyaru. ayithe, moodu nelala taruvaata, general nguen khaan minnu raktapaatam laeni tirugubaatulo tolaginchaadu.
shakti.
khaan mariyu athani saha-kutradaarulalo kondaru thaay viyat anukuululugaa pariganinchabaddaaru mariyu honnu tirigi pradhana mantrigaa pilipinchaaru, ayinappatikee athanu eee pratipaadana gurinchi radiolo matrame vinnadu. paarislo unnappudu hohn churukuga undi, oka patrikanu prachuristuu, viyatnaamlo raajakeeya parinaamaalanu vegavantam chestune unnadu. ayana adheena adhikaarula dwara rajakeeyaalanu taarumaaru cheyadaaniki prayatninchaaru. khaan thana palanaku thaay viyat maddatunu upayoginchukovadaaniki honnu upayoginchaalani anukunnadu, idhi edurudebba tagilindi. tirigi vachinappudu hohn pradhaanamantrigaa prabhutvaanni erpaatu cheyadamlo viphalamayyaru. taiviyanlu taginanta maddatunu pondadaaniki chaalaa poraadutunna vargaluga vidipoyaaru, mariyu itara raajakeeya aasaavaadulu paatha rakshana raajakeeya nayakulu bahishkarana nundi tirigi adhikaaramloki ravadanni vyatiraekimchaaru, mariyu vaaru sahakarinchadaaniki niraakarinchaaru.
punarvyavastheekarinchabadina sainika viplava mandaliki pradhana mantrigaa, chairmanga panicheyaalani khaan nirnayinchukunnadu. graameena saantibhadratalaku baadhyata vahinche modati upa pradhana mantrigaa hohn niyamitulayyaaru. aayanaku antargata, jaateeya rakshana mariyu graameena vyavahaaraalato sahaa aidu mantritva saakhalu mariyu rendu pratyeka commissionla niyantrana ivvabadindi, ivi pradhanamgaa ngo dinh nuu yokka vyuuhaatmaka gramalanu punarnaamakaranam chesina kotta graameena jeevana gramaluga ekikrutam cheyadamlo nimagnamai unnaayi.
jaathi minorityla mantritva saakha, avineeti vyatiraeka karyakramalu, bhuu samskaranalu mariyu poura palanaku parivartanatho kuudina swechchaayuta ennikala kosam hohn lobbying chesaaru. idhi communistulatho pooraadataaniki khaannu balamaina nayakudiga maarchadaaniki ekkuva aasakti unna junta mariyu americanlatho atanini marinta sangharshanhalo padesindi. kramamga, generals graameena shanti niyantrana nundi hohn nuu pindivesaaru, ayithe thaay viyat nayakudu inca pradhaanamantri ayye avakaasaanni korukunnadu. hohn thana varapu aadivaaram radeo slaatnu kolpoyadu. yuu.ess. prajalalo raajakeeya maddatunu sthaapinchadaaniki khaan kramam tappakunda prasamgaalu cheyalsina avasaram undani adhikarulu vishwasinchaaru. general angeekarinchi hohn yokka sthaanaanni swaadheenam chesukunnadu.
anagaarina sthithilo unnatlu bhaavinchi, hohn khaan palananu anagadokkadam praarambhinchaadu. khaan mariyu united states tananu nirlakshyam chesaarani athanu bahirangamgaa aaropinchaadu mariyu vaari vimarsakulatoe kalisi panicheyadam praarambhinchaadu. 1964 juun madhyalo, bouddhula nirasanalaku pratispandanagaa roman catholic pradarsanalu jarigaayi. khaan mariyu rayabari henry kabot ladge juuniyarnu nindinchina marinta saktivantamaina catholic aandolanakaarulaku hohn rahasyamgaa maddatu icchaadu. bouddha majority kaathalikkulapai "mataparamaina vivakshanu prerepinchadam". khaan nuu padagotte prayatnamlo, hohn, adhikari dalaalalo doy viet sabhyulu mariyu maddatudaarula madhya maddatunu sameekarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. ayithe, kutra ennadoo munduku saagaledu, endukante americanlu adhikaranni chejikkinchukogaligithe tama palanaku maddatu istaarani kutradaarulu bhayapaddaru, tadwara vaaru paalinchadam asadhyam.
taruvaati jeevitam.
septembarulo, khaan honnu rajinama cheyamani balavantam chesaadu. vietnam nayakudu japan velli, taruvaata fraansku tirigi vacchaadu. 1965loe, france adhyakshudu charless dii galletho desham yokka vietnam vidhaanampai hohn vivaadam kaligi, americaku valasa vacchaadu.ess. hohn american military complexelalo vietnamese bodhinchaadu, taruvaata californialoni parvata drushyamlo vietnamese restaurantnu praarambhinchaadu. athanu vietnamese communist prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa thana raajakeeya kriyaaseelatanu konasaginchadu.
maranam.
hohn 19 september 2001naa, 84 samvatsaraala vayassulo californialoni parvata drushyamlo maraninchaadu. athanu phaan thee binnu vivaham chesukunnadu. eee dampatulaku iddaru kumaarulu, mugguru kumartelu unnaaru.

