
bangaaru raayi (gaaju)

goaled stone anedi takkuva-oxygen tagginche vaataavaranamloo tayaaru cheyabadina oka rakamaina merise gaaju. puurtayina utpatti mruduvaina polishnu teesukoni puusalu, bommalu ledhaa ardha viluvaina raayi kosam saripoye itara kalakhandaluga chekkavacchu, vaastavaaniki bangaaru raayini tarachugaa sahaja padaarthamgaa porapatuga ledhaa tappugaa chuuputaaru.
naamakaranamu.
eee padaarthaaniki maroka saadhaarana paeru aventurine glass, idhi asalu italian paeru "aventurina" ("aventura", "sahasa" ledhaa "avakaasam" nundi) aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi. dheenini pertian bhaashalo "dell-roba" (pertian dalrba) anie pilustaaru, dheeni ardham "manoharamainadi"; ledhaa "sanyasi yokka bangaaram" ledhaa "sanyasi raathi" anie paerulaeni sanyaasula kramamtho jaanapada sanghaala nundi.
watch dial laloe upayoginchinappudu, mariyu itara aabharanaalalo upayoginchinappudu, sahaja raayi yokka porus, myaat aakrutito poolika laenappatikee, eee padaarthaanni konnisaarlu tappugaa isukaraayi anie pilustaaru.
adanamgaa, "aventurine" gaaju anedi ilanti sahaja raallaku paerunu andinche konni synthetic simyulentlalo okati. khanija paeru "aventurine" anedi feldspar ledhaa quartz roopaalaku upayoginchabadutundi, idhi maika cherikalatho samaanamaina merise roopaanni istundi; eee optical drugvishayaaniki saanketika padam, "aventurescence" kooda adhe muulam nundi teesukobadindi.
utpatti.
bangaaru raayi kosam oka asalu tayari prakriyanu padihedava sataabdamloo venis anae vyakti kanugonnadu, dheeniki dogg pratyeka licenses manjuru chesindi. bangaaru raayi anedi paerkonabadani italian sanyaasulu ledhaa rasavaadam yokka utpatti dwara pramaadavasaattu kanugonabadindani pattana puraanam chebutundi, ayithe dheenini dhruveekarinchadaaniki prii-miyotti documentation ledhu. pensylvania vishwavidyaalayam sekaranalo 12va sataabdam nundi 13va sataabdam varaku unna bangaaru raathi taayettulu itara, munupati chetivruttulavaaru kooda eee padaarthaanni srushtinchagaligaarani choopistundi. 
bangaaru raayi yokka atyanta saadhaarana roopam erupu-godhuma rangulo untundi, indulo loha raagi yokka chinna spatikaalu untaayi, ivi sarigga erpadataaniki pratyeka paristhitulu avasaram. raagi ayaanlanu rasaayanikamgaa muulaka ragiga tagginchadaaniki silika, raagi oxide mariyu itara loha oxidela nundi prarambha byaachnu karigistaaru. appudu vaat gaali nundi moosiveyabadutundi mariyu irukaina ushnograta paridhiloo nirvahinchabadutundi, dravamgaa undataaniki taginanta vaedigaa gaajunu unchutundi, adhe samayamlo loha spatikaalu draavanam nundi karigipokunda ledhaa aakseekarana lekunda avaksheepinchadaaniki anumatistundi.
tagina sphatikeekarana kaalam taruvaata, mottam batch oke ghana dravyaraasiki challabadutundi, taruvaata empika mariyu aakaram kosam vaat nundi vichchinnam cheyabadutundi. prati batch yokka tudi roopaanni chaalaa vaividhyabharitamgaa mariyu vaividhyabharitamgaa untundi. uttama padaartham dravyarashi yokka kendram ledhaa "gunde" kii sameepamlo untundi, aadarsamgaa pedda, prakaasavantamaina loha spatikaalu semitransparent glass matrickslo velaadadeeyabadataayi.
vaividhyaalu.
raagi colloid parimaanam mariyu vaiphalya reetulu.
raagi aadhaarita "erra bangaaru raayi" aventurain gaaju paaradarsakamaina erra raagi ruby gaaju mariyu apaaradarsaka "sealing mainapu" parpurin gaajuto nirmaanaatmaka konasaagimpupai undhi, ivanni adbhutamaina addaalu, veetilo errati rangulu colloidal raagi dwara srushtinchabadataayi. colloid parimaanaanni niyantrinchadam keelaka chararashi bangaaru raayi sthuula pratibimba spatikaalanu kaligi untundi; parpurin gaajulo suukshma apaaradarsaka kanaalu untaayi; raagi ruby gaajulo upa suukshmadarshini paaradarsaka suukshma kanaalu untaayi.
bangaaru raayi batch yokka bayati poralu mandapati rangulu mariyu takkuva sthaayi merise aventurescence kaligi untaayi. idhi paelavamaina sphatikeekarana valla sambhavinchavachhu, idhi ekakaalamlo pratibimba sphatikaala parimaanaanni taggistundi mariyu pratibimbimchani kanaalatoe chuttupakkala gaajunu apaaradarsakam chestundi. idhi raagi pakshika aakseekarana valla kooda sambhavinchavachhu, deenivalla adhi tirigi karigi ionic draavanamloo daani saadhaarana paaradarsaka neelam-aakupaccha gaajunu yerparustundi.
deepam pani mariyu ilanti upayogaala kosam tirigi vaedi chesinappudu, pani paristhitulu asalu batch kariginchadaaniki avasaramaina ushnograta mariyu aakseekarananu niyantrinchaalih raagi draveebhavana sthaanam (1084.62 °C) kante takkuva ushnogratanu unchandi mariyu paina vivarinchina vaiphalya reetulloki oxygen-takkuva tagginche mantanu upayoginchandi ledhaa pramaada kullipovadam.
raagi kaani bangaaru raallu.
itara muulakaala aadhaaramgaa itara rangu vaividhyaalalo kooda bangaaru raayi undhi. cobalt ledhaa maanganeesnu raagi sthaanamlo upayoginchavacchu; phalitamgaa vachhe spatikaalu marinta vendi roopaanni kaligi untaayi mariyu sambandhita ionic rangu yokka balamaina rangu maatrukalo velaadadeeyabadataayi, phalitamgaa varusaga "neelam bangaaru raayi" ledhaa "oodaa bangaaru raayi" erpadataayi.
"green goaled stone" ledhaa "crome aventurine", moolakam lohaniki badulugaa chromium oxidela nundi daani pratibimba kanaalanu yerparustundi, conny idhi chaalaa pooli untundi.
takkuva kathinamaina taggimpu avasaralu mariyu manganese (1246 masim) mariyu cobalt (1495 masim) yokka adhika draveebhavana binduvula kaaranamgaa raagi kaani bangaaru raallanu tirigi vaedi chesinappudu pani cheyadam sulabham.

