
itza bhasha

itza '(itza ledhaa itzaz anie kooda pilustaaru) anedi uttara-madhya gwatemala mariyu poruguna unna beleejloni lake peaton itza sameepamlo itza prajalu matlade antarinchipothunna maayan bhasha. eee bhaashalo daadaapu 1,000 mandhi anargalamgaa matladevaru unnaaru, veeranta peddavaallu.
chichen itza aadhipatyam samayamlo eucaton dveepakalpamlo chaalaa varaku itza paripalana bhashaga undedi. taruvaata, itza prajalu 1697 varaku madhya americalo chivari swatantra maaya deshaanni kaligi unnaaru. eee samayamlo, itza prajalu tama puurveekula intini petten pareevaahaka praantamloo punaravasam pondaaru. spanish vaaru itza rajadhaanini longadeesukovadam valla itza prajalu paripovalsi vachindi ledhaa gwaatemaalaaloni shaan jose vanti spaaniyaardla madhya nivasinchavalasi vachindi, ikkada eee bhashanu matlade aadhunikulu matrame nivasistunnaaru.
columbian puurva kaalam naati vaari vaarasatvaanni neerugaa gurtinchagaligina lothattu mayalo aadhunika itza prajalu chivarivaaru. itza bhasha eee charitranu sahaja prapanchaaniki daani naamakaranamlo pratibimbistumdih vyavasayam mariyu vyavasaya paddhatulanu soochinche itza padaalu modata namodu cheyabadinappati nundi maaravu. adanamgaa, itza 'vividha rakalu mariyu jaatula vyaktula gurinchi nirdishta samacharanni encode chese pantalu mariyu jantuvula kosam goppa padajaalaanni kaligi undhi.
vargeekarana.
itza 'anedi iso 639-3 bhasha sankethaalalo "itz" gaa sankshipteekarinchabadindi. itza 'maayan bhashala eucatecon saakhaku chendinadi. eucatech saakhalooni itara bhashalu eucatech, lacandon mariyu mopan. anni eukatekan bhashalu okadaanitoe okati daggari sambandham kaligi unnaayi. ayithe, itza matlade vyaktulu mariyu eucatech matladevaru okarinokaru ardham chesukovadamlo ibbandulu edurkontaaru.
maayan bhaashalo 12 ververu saakhalu unnaayi, annee itza vanti upa kutumbaalato unnaayi.
charitra.
gwatemala prabhutvam 1930laloe itza gurinchi matladatanni nishedhinchindi mariyu itza maaya yokka rendu taraalu spanish matrame neerchukuntuu perigayi. 1980la chivaralo itjaatho sahaa maaya prajalalo vaari saamskrutika vaarasatvaanni parirakshinchadamlo aasakti perigindi. itjaatho sahaa vividha maayan bhashalanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki mariyu samrakshinchadaaniki gwatemala prabhutvam academia dii lenguas mayas dii gwatemala anae samsthanu erpaatu chesindi.
bhougolika pampinhee.
itza 'anedi gwaatemaalaaloni shaan jose, petten vibhaagamlo petten itza sarassu uttara odduna matladataru. 2, 000 mandhi jaathi janabhalo, kevalam 1,000 mandhi itza matladevaru matrame migili unnaaru, veerilo ekkuva mandhi spanish bhashanu kooda upayogistaaru.
phonology.
hallulu.
eee krindi chaart itza yokka hallula swaraalanu chooputundih ikkada aksharakramam aipa sangnaamaanaaniki bhinnamgaa untundi, academia dii lengwas mayas dii gwatemala upayoginche aksharakramam brocketlalo gurtinchabadindi.
/ d, g, f, v, r, ̃/anae sabdaalu spanish nundi sweekarinchabaddaayi mariyu runa padaalaloo matrame untaayi.
acchulu.
eee krindi chaart itza yokka acchula swaraalanu chooputundi. / Â/minaha anni acchulu podavaina samaanamainavi, mariyu acchu podavu viruddhamgaa untundi.
itza bhaashalo swaram ledhaa swaram undavu.
vyaakaranam.
namavachakalu.
shabda nirmaanaalalo upayoginche adhe ergative partical thoo swaadheenam gurtinchabadutundi. swaadheenam anedi swaabhaavikamainadaa ledhaa anae daani aadhaaramgaa swaadheenam nirmaanaalu bhinnamgaa gurtinchabadataayi. shareera bhagalu, kutumba sabhyulu mariyu vyaktigata aastulu mottam bhagala kante bhinnamgaa kaligi unnatlu gurtinchabaddaayi. adanapu swaadheenam nirmaanaalu unnaayi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa yajamani nirjeevamgaa unna chota upayoginchabadataayi.
itza looni anni naamavachakaaluu vyaakarana lingaanni kaligi untaayi. purusha mariyu stree lingaalu oka upasargatho bahirangamgaa gurtinchabadataayi, ayithe tatastha lingam gurtinchabadadu. anni namavachakalapai lingam gurtinchabadaduh saadhaaranamgaa, saraina namavachakalu mariyu vruttulu lingaanni gurtinchaayi, ayithe itara vargaalu gurtinchaledu. itza yokka linga gurtulu kooda kathinamaina niyamakartala paatranu poeshistaayih saadhyamayye anni prapanchaalalo nirdishta vyaktulu lingaanni bahirangamgaa gurtistaaru, ayithe vastuvula taragatula suuchanalu undavu.
kriyalu.
itza 'anedi split ergativityni pradarsinche ergative-obsolutive longuage. ergative purson markerlu asampoornamaina amsamlo mariyu anni parivartanaseela vishayalanu suuchistaayi, ayithe sampuurnamaina vyakti markerlu paripuurnamaina amsamlo mariyu aadhaarapadina upavaakyaalu mariyu anni vastuvulalo parivartanaseela vishayalanu suuchistaayi.
itza 'bhavishyat kaalanni gurtinchadaaniki avaastavika vyaakarana manasika sthithini upayogistundih manasika sthithi bhavishyat nirmaanaanni roopondinchadaaniki taatkaalika visaeshanhamtoe jatacheyabadutundi. gatha kaalam adevidhamgaa khachitamaina kaalam mariyu taatkaalika visaeshanhaalanu upayoginchadam dwara nirminchabadutundi. avaastavam mariyu paripuurna nirmaanaalalo saaruupyatalu gatam mariyu bhavishyattunu okela pariganistaayani suuchimchavachchu, idhi samayam chakreeyamgaa undaalane itza prapancha drukpathaanni pratibimbistumdi.
vaakya nirmaanam.
itza 'loe vose padha kramam undhi, ayithe vose kooda saadhaaranam mariyu anni padha kramaalu saadhyame. samayochitata anedi oka pratyayaanni jodinchadam mariyu vaakya prarambha sthaanaaniki samayochita padam yokka kadalika dwara gurtinchabadutundi.
saadhaaranamgaa, savarinchevaaru vaaru savarinche padaalaku mundu untaru visaeshanhaalu, sankhyalu, nirnayinchevi mariyu niraakarana annee eee namuunaanu anusaristaayi. swaadheenaalu, pradarsanalu mariyu saapeksha upavaakyaalu annee saadhaaranamgaa avi savarinche padaalanu anusaristaayi; visaeshanhaalu kooda eee sthithilo sambhavinchavachhu.
padajaalam.
itza 'vyavasayam mariyu vargeekarana yokka goppa padajaalaanni kaligi undhi. oka jaatilooni vividha rakalu mariyu vyaktula yokka vividha lakshanaalanu encode cheyadaaniki itjaalo nirdishta padaalu unnaayi. vividha parimaanaalu, rangu mariyu ruchigala mokkalu mariyu jantuvulanu ververu padaalatoe suuchistaaru. adanamgaa, itza looni vyavasaya padaalu spaanishtoe parichayam dwara vaastavamgaa prabhaavitam kaaledu, idhi prii-contact itza yokka saadhaarana padajaalam gurinchi kontha antardrushtini istundi.
prasangam.
itza 'looni upanyaasam daani punaraavrutam mariyu bhasha samaantarata yokka bhaarii upayogam dwara gurtinchabadindi. matladedaniki praadhaanyata ivvadaaniki padaalu mariyu bhasha nirmaanaalu tarachugaa vaakya kramam antataa punaraavrutamavutaayi. phalitamgaa vachhe vakyalu vaakyamlo vanti aneka, puurti padabandhaalato koodi untayih
inn-tenn" anae sarvanamam mariyu "keey-imm-bell" anae kriyanu punaraavrutam cheyadam, alaage "eek/tech" anae sarvanamam daadaapu punaraavrutam kavadam, itza 'upanyaasaaniki vilakshanamainadi. ituvanti saahitya shaili aanglamlo paratoxisto polchadaginadi, idhi sudeerghamaina, adheena vaakyaala kante saralamaina, samanvaya vaakyaalaku praadhaanyata ichhe upanyaasa shaili.
saadhaarana mariyu pouraanikamaina upanyaasam, tarachugaa framing kanaalanu upayogistundi-mottam upanyaasamlo padabandhaanni frame cheyadaaniki oka padabandham mundu mariyu taruvaata unchina kanaalu. eee kanaalu upanyaasamlo kotta mariyu paatha samachara bhagala madhya praadaesika mariyu taatkaalika sambandhaalanu teliyajestaayi, pedda upanyaasa vibhaagaalanu srushtistaayi.
kaalamu, amsam mariyu manasika sthithi anae vargaalu itzaz maaya verbal mariyu yaad verbial marphosyntoxlo parasparam mudipadi unnaayi. itzaz kathana upanyaasam oka vyakti thana illu mariyu pattanamlo (vaastava) kendreekrutamaina vyaktigata anubhavam nundi telisina daani madhya vibajananu suuchistumdi, mariyu antariksha-samayamlo marinta dhooramlo takkuvagaa telisina, conny oohinchadaginadi.

