
golusulo linkulu

links inn dhi chain () anedi bhaaratadesamlo mahilala asamaanatapai bharatiya rachayitri mahadevi varma (1907-1987) raasina vyasala samaharam. eee vyasalu 1931 mariyu 1937 madhya "chaand" anae saahitya patrika kosam vrayabaddayi, taruvaata 1942loe oka samputamgaa prachurinchabaddaayi. neeraa kukreja sohoni, thana aangla anuvaadam parichayamlo, avi "saadhaarana, conny keelakamaina mariyu chaalaa varaku samakaaleena itivruttaalanu taakinatlu perkonnayi mahilalapai yuddham yokka prabhavalu, inti gandaragolam mariyu velupala...aadhunikata yokka savaalu...mahilalanu sankellu katte parimitulu, kontamandini vyabhicharam dwara jeevitaanni vaanijya udyamamgaa marchamani balavantam chestaayi, chivaraga ardhavantamaina jeevana kala."
chayawad anie piluvabade hindhi saahityamlo kotta saahitya udyamaaniki maargadarsakudigaa unna mahadevi varma, anachivetaku guraina mariyu anagaarina bharatiya mahila yokka dusthiti, pitruswamya saktulache aame astitva gurtimpunu amaanaveekarana mariyu longadeesukovadam mariyu aame streetvaanni vichchinnam chesina daani phalitamgaa aame praticharyanu namodu chestundi. idhi daani kantentnu mahilala vruddhaapya dusthitipai sahajeevanaaniki parimitam cheyadame kakunda, vyaasakarta munduku techhe samasyalaku konni parishkaralanu kooda andistundi.
vimarsakulu "golusuloni linkulu" nuu simone dii beauvoir yokka "dhi second sex" thoo anukuulamgaa poolchaaru.
sameeksha.
1. "links inn avar chain" (1931)
"mana golusulo bandhaalu", praathamikamgaa, rendu bhagaluga vacchi, samaajamlo bharatiya mahilala pathanamaina sthithini charchistundi, adhe samayamlo vaaripai vidhinchina udaaseenata yokka viruddhata patla vaari lothaina agnaanaanni veluguloki testundi.
aadhunika bharatiya mahila yokka verucheyabadina jeevitaaniki samaantaramgaa geeyadaaniki, mariyu "stree yokka manasika abhivruddhini" "purushudi kante vaegamgaa" anie mudra vaeyadaaniki, oka saatileni, sunnitamaina "vastuvu" yokka saaruupyatanu upayoginchadam, puraatana kaalamlooni mahilalu "jeevitam gurinchi lothaina taatvika drukpathaanni" kaligi unnaarani, mariyu purushuni "athani dharmamlo vaataadaarudaina sahadharmachaarini" gaa, mariyu athani adrushtamlo vaataadaaru ayina sahabhaginiga puusalu puuyabaddaarani varma nokki chepparu."mahilalu, aarya nagarikataku chendina vaari maadirigaane; ledhaa," "maitreyi" "(" "yagnavalakya" "kuu bhaarya) vanti vaaru," "prasiddha praarthana", "tamaso maa jyotirgamaya, mrutho maa amrutam gamaya" "-nannu cheekati nundi velugu, maranam nundi amaratvam varaku nadipinchandi" ")," "yasodhara" "(thana bhartha" "buddha" "kosam, thana garbhagudi loe, dummu vanti paadaalanu aalinganam chesukovadaniki parugettadaaniki badulu, vechi undataaniki ishtapadevaaru), ledhaa" "seethaa", "adevidhamgaa (thana bhartha yokka" "prasiddha vamsam" "nuu dhairyamgaa prasninchenta dhairyamgaa unnavaaru) kevalam tama purusha sahacharula needagaa undataaniki niraakarinchaaru, conny vaari thala-balamaina sahacharuluga undataaniki korukunnaru"."
edemaina, varma varaku, prastuta kaalapu mahilalu "vaaru vistaaramaina maanava samaajamlo sabhyulu mariyu swatantra swabhaavaanni kaligi unnarane vaastavaanni marchipotaru, dheeni vikasinchadam ledhaa ksheenata samajanni utkrushtamgaa ledhaa ksheeninchelaa chestundi" ledhaa purushudi drukpatham nundi prapanchaanni ontarigaa chudatam dwara mariyu athani lakshanaalu mariyu durgunaalanu anukarinchadam dwara purushulatho asamaanatanu pondaalane korikatho mattulo unnaaru."mariyu, phalitamgaa, vaaru arhulaina vimuktini saadhinchadaaniki kuppakulipotaru, mariyu sampradaayaalu mariyu ardharahita sampradaayaala yokka veyyi dustula krinda kappabadi untaaru. pratibhaavantulaina, paedha judit yokka sunnitamaina episode (virginia woolf yokka 1929 podiginchina vyaasam, "eah room off one 's oon" nundi), aame hrudayamlo oka kalanu nilabettukuntundi, krooramaina london veedhulatho kappabadi undatam eee sandarbhamlo sulabhamgaa saripotundi.
adhe samayamlo, bharatiya mahilalu oka purushudu pragalbhalu palike prati vijayam venuka, oka mahila-oka purushudi vruddhaapya khyati sthaapanalo thana nashtanni lekkinchadam-yuva sakagavia paerunu ahvaninchakunda asampuurnamgaa untundi.
pourasatvam mariyu "lekkalenanni nyaayaparamaina mariyu chattaparamaina hakkulaku sambandhinchina oka mahila yokka agnaanaanni" highlight chestu, oka mahila yokka "vyaktigata gurtimpu" kolpovadam mariyu daani phalitamgaa aame "tarkinche saamarthyam" kolpovadaanni varma vivaristundi; purushudini mariyu athani charyalanu andhamgaa anukarinchadam vaipu aame perugutunna vampu [eee anukarinche lakshanaanni 1840 nundi 1880 samvatsaraala madhya kaalamlo paschimaana mahilalu raasina saahitya rachanalalo kooda gurtinchavacchu, eline shalter dheenini thana 1979 vyaasamlo, "streevaada kavitvam vaipu" anie frame chesindi]; "soumyata mariyu bhavodveganiki" aame ayishtata; tyaagam yokka aame bolu nirvachanalu; mariyu purushudu mariyu stree swabhaavaala madhya paryaayapadaalu tirogamanam vaipu nadavadaniki preranagaa unnaayi.
bharatiya stree kutumba gowravam mariyu kutumba image paerita longubaatu mariyu anachivetanu sulabhamgaa angeekaristundi mariyu vaeda maharshi, "manu" "yaatraitastu naa pujyanthe sarvastrataaphala kriya" ("aamenu gowravinchani chota, anni prayatnaalu vrudhaa") anie prakatinchavalasi vacchina daanini dhikkaristundi, mariyu tehmina durrani thana 1994 aatmakathalo charchinchina daani gurinchi teliyadu, naa bhuswamya prabuvu
"nissabdam anyayanni kshamistundi, vidheyatanu pempondistundi mariyu praanaantakamaina kapatatvaanni pempondistundi."
thoorpu mariyu paschimam" yokka ghnaanoodayamaina mahilalaa kakunda, "purushula" aaa bandhaalanu cheelchivesina "varmaku... thana samanamga raavadaaniki" vaari yajamanyanni krooramgaa pradarsistuu vaarini banisaluga chesevaaru, bharatiya mahilalu inti khaidu cheyabadina godala nundi vaarini vimukti cheyagala chattaparamaina hakkula gurinchi teliyadu. sunnitamaina shreniki chendina vaariki kooda ghnaanoodayam pondina aatmalugaa edagadaaniki mariyu mahilala hakkula gurinchi sahajeevanam cheyadaaniki, pustakaalu mariyu tamanu taamu vimukti chesukovadaniki vaari antima maargaaniki oka bakuga bhaavinchadaaniki samayam ledhu. vyaasakarta prakaram, paropakaaravaadam anni "soukaryaalanu mariyu vilasalanu" thyajinchaalani korutundi; simone dii beauvoir thana 1949 taatvika french grandham, rendava lingamlo nokkicheppinatlugaa bhadrata yokka tyaagam.
millulu mariyu karmagaralalo panichese mahilala" jeevitaalanu astavyastamaina anubandham yokka gandaragolaniki nidarsanamgaa vivaristuu, atuvanti ghnaanoodayam pondina mahilalu sathee aacharam vanti saamaajika chedulanu tudichiveyagalarani mahadevi varma gattiga nammutaaru-ivi bharatiya samajampai agli blatsga manugada saagistaayi mariyu saamaajika mariyu raajakeeya praatipadikana mahilalanu khaidu chestaayi.
varma prakaram, bharatiya mahilalu ellappuduu vividha teevramaina kashtaalato dhairyamgaa poraadaaru. mariyu, gouravapradamaina, udaaravaada jeevitaaniki oka marganni sthitisthaapakata mariyu bhakti dwara matrame vraayavacchu.
pratikuula paristhitula samayamlo thana mruduvaina arachetulapai vese karpuram yokka vaedini nirantaram konasaginchagala stree, eppuduu "purushudi kante takkuva saktivantamainadi" kaadani, mariyu aame stree balam samajam tananu puusalu pooyinche anagaarina sthithini sulabhamgaa grahinchagaladani, mariyu aame gowravam yokka mantalo "inupa bandhaalu" mainapu laaga kariginchela cheyagaladani varma eee vaikharini gattiga samarthinchaaru.
2. "waar und umen" (1933)
"yuddham mariyu stree" prastuta sekaranalo pradhana bhaagam, yuddhaala kaaranamgaa eee samvatsaraallo mahilalu edurkonna spashtamaina parivartananu pratipaadinchindi.
oka "khachitamaina vaastavikata" nii highlight cheyadaaniki raathi mariyu aadhunika yugam madhya oka vantenanu geeyadam, purushula swaarthaanni mariyu yuddhalu mariyu gore himsa patla athani perugutunna vampunu, mariyu purushulu santoshamgaa yuddhaalalo palgontunnappudu mahilala bhayapette manasika sthithini varma prasnistundi. purushula eee anaagarikatanu mahilalu vakreekarinchaarani, mahilala "sahajamaina ingitagnaanam" valla matrame asabhyata nundi sunnitatvaaniki maare prakriya saadhyamaindani aame nokki chepparu. idhi mahilala chetilo "illu" anae bhavodvega samsthaku punaadi, idhi madhyayugapu agli pathaanni sunnitamaina nagarikata vaipu mallinchindi, purushudini thana kutumbamtho mariyu vaari anchanaalatho bhavodvegaparamga bandhinchindi.
edemaina, atyaasa mariyu challani bhouthikavaadam yokka aakasmika tirugubaatuto, oka mahila yokka nirantara salahalu desheeya mariyu saamaajika jeevitamlo purushudi aadhipatyam mariyu medhoparatanu savaalu chesaayi, mahilala pelusugaa unna shareera nirmaana shaastram yuddhaala patla aame asahyaaniki ekaika kaaranam anie oka prakatnanu rekettinchindi.
dheeniki pratispandanagaa, mahilalu ettuku edigi, aayudhalanu tama aabharanalugaa bhaavinchi, 'atyunnata srushtikarta' nundi prateekaaram teerchukoovadaaniki, purushula yokka moosa abhipraayaalanu anagadokkadaaniki oka saadhanamgaa bhaavinchaaru, ayithe, idhi purushula antima vijayaniki daariteesindi-vaari avasaralu pempondinchabaddaayi; vaari "mahilala sainyam" sthaapinchabadindi mariyu itarula sisuvula talalu narikiveyadaaniki siddhamgaa undhi.
3. "streetvam yokka saapam" (1933)
"streetvam yokka saapam" "tyaagam, sahanam mariyu sweeya-tiraskaaram" "yokka bhaarii patanam dwara stree yokka ksheenistunna" "vyaktitvam, chaitanyam mariyu aakaankshalanu" "veluguloki testundi; mariyu aame" "balaheenata" "paerita samaanatvam yokka kovvottini aarpadam".
aarohana" mariyu "santati" thana bandham gala jeevita gamananni marchukoleni bharatiya mahilala sthiramaina sthithi yokka padunaina pradarsanatoe praarambhinchi-paatha saametanu nijamani bhaavinchi, "naa saavan sukhe, naa bhado haare"-purushulache aniyantrita vedana, aadhyaatmika oopiraadakapovadam mariyu stree balam yokka tolagimpunu vyaasakarta vraasaaru, mariyu idhi praacheena kaalam nundi, tama maanava swabhaavaanni vismarinchi, daivatvam yokka dustulu dharinchamani mahilalanu balavantam chesindi-kevalam "daivika chitram" anie anukovadaniki matrame.
vitantuvu yokka krooramaina acharalu mariyu sampradaayaala krinda palinchabadatam nundi (bharati mukerjea yokka 1989 navala jasmine nundi jyothi vishayamlo vale), thana bhartha bhuubhaagamlooni naalugu simentu godala lopala, karuna laeni "nirlakshyam cheyabadina manavudiga" jeevinchadam varaku, mahilalu nirantaram edurkontunna samasyalu mariyu kashtalanu varma lothugaa anveshistundi; "anni spandanalu, chaitanyam mariyu maanava vaiphalyaalu laeni vigrahamgaa" paiki ettabadatam nundi "apaharana" badhanu bharinchadaaniki cheyabadatam varaku-mariyu seethaa yokka 'agni-pareeksha' yokka naraalanu debbatise sanghatanalanu mariyu thana tandri aadesaala meraku "parasuram" yokka goddali dwara renuka sirachchaedam cheyadam, jaamaadi, mahila yokka dusthitini sapinchadam, sapinchadam vanti vaatini saktivantamgaa suuchistumdi.
mahilala eee saamaajika khaidu, mariyu swechcha maargamlo nadavakunda vaari nirutsaahaparachaleni longubaatu, saastramlo daani vittanaanni kaligi undih "stry naa swaantantryam arhati".
bharatiya mahilala prastuta sthithi gurinchi vyangyamgaa charchistuu, aame vimukti "koddimandi ghnaanoodayam pondina mahilalu mariyu purusha samajam" dwara matrame saadhyamavutundani vyaasakarta nokki chepparu. varmaku, purushudu oka streeni thana adheenuraligaa bhaavinchadam manesi, marinta saanubhootigala drukpathaanni sthaapinchadaanni prerepinche varaku, pragatiseela samajanni sajeevamgaa teesukuraavadam saadhyam kaadu. prati okkarinee rekettinchi, korukunna disalo krushi cheyadaaniki vaarini prothsahinche" mariyu "maanava jaatipai macchagaa unna anni kruuratvaalanu" nirmoolinche "mahilalaku anukuulamgaa panichese" desavyaapta udyamam "anae vyaasam rachayitaku, saadhaarana veedhulloki ravalsina avasaram undhi.
4. "" "dhi madern umen eah look ett harr status" "(1934)
"aadhunika stree", praathamikamgaa, rendu vibhagalalo, mahilala "thana [sonta] hodha patla asantrupti" nuu vyaktam chese oka bhaagamgaa vastundi, aame sweeya-gurtimpu gurinchi aandolana chendutunnatlu anipistundi mariyu "stree mariyu purushudi madhya spashtamaina thedaalu" aame dayaneeya paristhitiki nijamaina kaaranam anie highlight chestundi.
rendu jeeva nirmaanaala madhya aadee "ivvandi mariyu teesukondi" aatanu prasninchina eee vyaasam, bharatadesaniki chendina mahila mariyu paschima deshaalaku chendina mahila (veerilo, "pragatiseela, sweeya-kendrikruta mahila" yokka chitram uttamamgaa chudavachu) madhya vairudhyaanni velikiteestundi, ikkada rendodi yokka aardhika swaatantryam prasamsimchabadimdi-vyaasam yokka kendra aalochananu prerepinche oka aalochana; virginia woolf ("okari swantha gadilo") mariyu zaan stewart milltho sahaa daadaapu prati streevaada aalochanaaparudu pratidhvaninchina oka aalochana ("mahilala adheenamlo").
thana dushtatvaaniki shaashwata parishkaralanu vetukkuntuu, bharatiya mahila chivaraku tirugubaatu chesi, paaschaatya mahilanu "thana maargadarsaka aatma" gaa bhaavinchi, "maroka purushudu" roopaanni sweekarinchindi, vyaasakarta aamenu "yuddham mariyu stree" loe prasanginchaaru.
vyaasam yokka rendava bhaagaaniki velthe, varma aadhunika streeni moodu vibhina vargaluga vibhajistundi-"triveni yokka moodu pravahalu"-idhi jeevitam yokka lothaina ardhaanni sulabhamgaa velladistundihi i. "gatha konni samvatsaraalugaa tama yugaala sankellanu pakkana petti, [raajakeeya udyamaanni] chaitanyavantam cheyadaaniki purushulaku apuurvamaina sahayam chesina vaaru"; tama vidyanu, avagahananu jeevanopaadhi saadhanamgaa, alaage praja sankshemaaniki saadhanamgaa marchukunna vaaru"; mariyu, iii. tama alpa vidyanu gananeeyamaina paaschaatya aadhunikatatho kalipi tama desheeya jeevitaanni kotta achuloki marchukunna vaaru."
vyaasam munduku saagutunna koddi, varma vaari swantha avasaralaku anugunamgaa stree nundi streeki maarutuu unde aadhunikata yokka nirvachanampai samanvayaanni praarambhistaadu, mahilalu edurkontunna encounterlanu, jaateeya udyamaallo paalgonnavaarini, oka muularuupamgaa, mariyu "aadhunikatanu jaateeya melkolupu yokka oka roopamgaa grahinchinavaarini" teesukuntaadu.
tirugubaatunu (daadaapu prati vyaasamlo "golusuloni linkulu", 'tirugubaatu' mahilaa vimukti yokka praadhamika maadhyamgaa pradarsinchabadindi) aame "tappupattaleni ayudham" gaa upayoginchadam, "neti ghnaanoodayam pondina mariyu vidyaavantulaina mahilalu" "aame dayaneeya paristhitiki kaaranamaina amsaalanu matrame gurthunchukuntaaru", mariyu ippudu antima lakshyanni vetakadaaniki matrame aaraatapadutunnaarani eee vyaasam nokki chebutundi. aame pani aame jeevana naanhyatanu penchutundihi
"viplavaniki mundunna, swechchaku genda eguravese mahila yokka pani, jeevitam yokka sampoorna punarnirmaanamtho mugustundi, daani vidhvamsamtho kaadu."
"anduvalla, maanavatvam, pratyaekamgaa mahilalu, jeevitamlooni lothaina suukshma naipunhyaalanu ardham chesukuni, asantruptini vyaktam cheyadaaniki mariyu oka ullaasakaramaina bhavishyattunu saadhinchadaaniki okari demandlanu nokki cheppadaniki matrame tirugubaatunu teesukunnatlayite, "aadhunika mahila" chivaraku santoshakaramaina aasatoe mugustundi.
5. "home und biand" (1934)
"illu mariyu antaku minchi"-moodu vibhina bhagaluga vibhajinchabadindi-mahilalapai vidhinchina puraatana avarodhaala amsaanni teesukuntundi, idhi mottam samajam abhivruddhiki gananeeyamgaa dohadam chestondi.
saadhinchadaaniki oka "sthiramaina yeka lakshyanni" ketayistu, mahilalu vaari "sahajamaina soumyatanu pempondinche prayatnamlo inti naalugu godala lopala attaduguna unnaarani vyaasakarta nokki chepparu... maatrutvam mariyu streetvam, idhi vaari mundu oka durbharamaina sankshobham aavirbhavaanni matrame prerepinchindi-vaari pani-praantam ekkada undhi, "intlo ledhaa velupala".
edemaina, "prastuta samayam" thoo, tirugubaatu puttuka sambhavinchindani varma pratipaadinchaaru, idhi tarkam mariyu kaaranam prakaram maga samuuhaanni pani cheyadaaniki, mariyu inti madhya mariyu velupala, 'rendava lingam' madhya samanvaya samanvayaanni, sataabdaala naati aalochananu tolaginchindi-"idhi ellappuduu alaa unnanduna alaa undaali."-nepathyam.
mahilala mundu, british rachayitri afra benn (antey, rachana dwara sampaadinchadam ledhaa saahitya rangamlo panicheyadam) paatranu chepattaalani pratipaadistuu, purushuni sthaanaanni nirnayinchadam dwara matrame balaheenamaina vyaktitvaala purogati aacharanatmakamgaa saadhyamavutundani varma highlight chestaadu, idhi stree mariyu purushuliddarinee "pragatiseela vyaktulu ledhaa kevalam automatonlu" gaa sambodhinchabade sthithilo vadilivestundi.
6. "hinduu stree yokka bhaarya" (1934)
"hinduu stree yokka bhaaryatvam", praathamikamgaa, "" maarpu-perugala naanem "" yokka rendu vaipula "" abhivruddhi mariyu vidhvamsam "" nuu parishkarinchadaaniki vastundi, tatphalitamgaa, varusaga "" pravahinche neeru "" mariyu "" nilichipoyina neeru "" loe sambhavinche saanukuula mariyu nirmaanaatmaka mariyu pratikuula mariyu vidhvamsaka maarpula madhya saaruupyatanu geestundi, ikkada mahilala saamaajika mariyu gruha uniki yokka sthiramaina mariyu praapanchika swabhaavam aamenu taruvaati paatranu sweekarinchela chestundi ".
vivaha samsthapai vidya anae bhavana yokka aadhipatyaanni ettichuuputuu, varma mahilala "praadhamika lakshyam" bhaarya ledhaa maatrutvam anie prasangistundi-"illu mariyu antaku minchi" pratidhvaninche oka aalochana-ikkada aame tananu taanu pillala premagala pempakandaarugaa ledhaa purushudi laingika santrupti yokka vastuvugaa marchukovalani bhaavistunnaaru (rasheed jahaan yokka 1932 vann-act natakam nundi mohammadi begum vishayamlo vale, "musugu venuka").
aame gurtimpunu eee vastunishtata, mariyu aame 'aatma' gurinchi samajam yokka nirutsaahaparachaleni aamodayogyam, vimukti mariyu vimuktini saadhinche maargamgaa aame tirugubaatunu alankarinchadaanni prerepinchindi; vidhinchina "paatralanu" spashtamaina "vidhulatho" bharti cheyadam; "grahastha aasramaanni" jeevitamlo longadeesukovadam dasagaa khandinchadam; mariyu aame dusthitini ardham chesukolekapovadam valla desham yokka "migilina gowravam" shidhilaavasthaku gurikavadam, varma thana vyasanni muginchaaru.
7. "dhi trafficing off life" (1934)
"jeevita akrama ravana" anedi rendu vibhina bhagalalo chaalaa sunnitamaina amsamgaa vastundi, idhi kontamandi mahilalaku jeevanopaadhi saadhanamgaa vyabhichara amsaanni veluguloki testundi.
thana streetvam yokka balam" kaaranamgaa purushudini niyantrinchadaaniki prayatninchina stree yokka sunnitamaina chatraanni pradarsistuu, varma, stree matrutva dasaloki ravadam-paatrala maarpu-vyabhicharam patla purushula atikramanaku matrame baadhyata vahistundi; "eppatikappudu maanava jaathi ksheenata"."
"jeevita akrama ravana" anedi bhaarya mariyu vaesya paatranu dvigunaparustundihi ikkada oka bhaarya "gangaa yokka pavitra neeru" roopaanni sweekaristundi-purushudi pasuvulanu tinipinchalekapoyindi; marovaipu, oka vaesya "wine laantidi"-saasvatamgaa chinnadi, kshanikamaina aanandaanni andistundi, mariyu vinodam kosam matrame sampradinchabadutundi.
prastuta vyaasam errati mahilala dayaneeyamaina dusthitini mariyu vaari vrutti techhe gaayam mariyu paisaachika pramaadaalanu highlight chestundi. idhi vaari jeevanopaadhiki thodpadinappatiki, gouravapradamaina jeevitaanni ennatikee saadhinchalekapoyindi, dheeniki kaaranam jeevitam mariyu mahilala patla purushula pakshika mariyu vikalanga drukpatham, mariyu mahilalu mariyu mahilalanu matrame kolpotunna samajam yokka anagaarina yantraangam, prati kiranaanni tudichivestundi aasha mariyu eee padipoyina mahilala jeevitaallo maarpu."
8. "" "dhi issue off umens economic independence" "(1935)
prastuta bhaagam, "streela aardhika swaatantryam yokka samasya", praathamikamgaa, rendu vibhagalalo-prapancha sandarbhamlo sampada yokka aadhipatyaanni highlight chestundi, idhi "ellappuduu adhikaaraaniki guddi anucharudigaa undhi" anie varma raasaaru.
purushulapai mahilala aardhika swaatantryam mariyu aame swantha gadhi lekapovadam (sweeya-gurtimpu kosam oka roopakam) gurinchi virginia woolf thana 1929 podiginchina vyaasam, "okari swantha gadhi" loe vyaktam chesina vaikharini pratidhvanistuu, bhaarata upakhandamlo, mahilalu "mataparamaina karyakalapalalo paalgonnanduku sahadharmachaarini mariyu intini chusukunenduku grahini yokka unnata hodaanu pondaarani", mariyu aaa vyaktini "gruhapati, inti yajamani" gaa puusalu vesi, eee desheeya vairudhyam intlo mariyu velupala mahilala heena hodaaku matrame baadhyata vahistundani pratipaadinchindi.
samaajamlo digbhraantini kaliginchedi "asantrupti" anae bhavana anie gurtinchina eee vyaasam, mahilala vimukti samaajamlo aasaajanaka purogatini matrame prerepistundani, purushudu oka streeni "odaarpuku saadhanamgaa ledhaa bhaaram" gaa bhaavinchadam manese varaku, dhesha abhivruddhi nirmaanaatmaka maargamlo saadhyam kaadani highlight chestundi. mahilala aardhika swaatantryam santoshakaramaina jeevitaaniki keelakamani varma dhruveekarinchaaru-prati streevaadi angeekarinche vaikhari.
9. "maa samasyalu" (1936)
rendu vibhina bhagaluga vibhajinchabadina "mana samasyalu", praathamikamgaa, "gangaa mariyu yamuna maadirigaane vidyaavantulu mariyu niraksharaasyulaina taragatula" madhya dwaipaakshikata yokka khachitamaina rekhanu geeyadamtho praarambhamavutundi mariyu aadhunika kaalamlo vidya nirvahinche viruddhamaina paniteerunu highlight chestundi-vibhajana agaadham.
ayithe, sampradaayam yokka maddatunu teesukoni, bharatiya mahilalu, dheeniki viruddhamgaa, vidyanu "balam mariyu shakti" kii keelakamgaa teesukunnaru; "agnaana rajyam yokka umpudugattelu" anae tagnu tolaginchadaaniki sahayapade saktivantamaina maadhyamgaa. eee sandarbhamlo mahilalu thana vaikhariki maddatugaa "vaidya rangamlo" chestunna ghnaanoodaya paatra yokka saraamsaanni varma andistundi.
varma prakaram, mahilalu vidyanu vyaktitvaanni manaveeyamgaa maarchadaaniki oka saadhanamgaa teesukunnaru mariyu oka jeevi yokka medho abhivruddhilo vidya yokka nijamaina viluvanu grahinchaaru. edemaina, vivaha samstha mariyu daaniki sambandhinchina "lopabhuishta saamaajika erpaatlu", tvaralo mahilalaku, mukhyamgaa samaajaaniki, saadhaaranamgaa merugaina bhavishyattu yokka avakaasaanni shidhilataram chesaayi mariyu vidyanu samarthatha yokka atyunnata sthaayiki cherukogala aalochana yokka khachitatvanni oohinchelaa chesaayi.
streela vimukti patla samajam yokka sanaatana mariyu sankuchitamaina chatram mariyu drukpatham, vyaasakartaku, aneka itara correspondent samasyalu pempondinche praathamika punaadigaa maarutundi, adhe samayamlo streejaati yokka chedhu mariyu vedana venuka kaaranam kooda avutundi.
10. "society und dhi indivisual" (1937)
"samajam mariyu vyakti" "vyakti mariyu samajam madhya paraspara sambandhaanni parishkarinchadaaniki pratyaekamgaa vastaaru" "[sheershika suuchimchinatlugaa], mariyu iddari madhya antargatamgaa sthiramaina samarasyam kosam pilupunistundi".
varma inca, "samaajaaniki rendu punaadulu unnaayi-sampada pampinhee mariyu purushudu mariyu stree madhya sambandham"-ikkada rendodi vyaasakarta drushtini aakarshistundi, athanu adhi pakshapaatamto kuudukunnadani mariyu daanitoe vakreekarinchabadindani gattiga nammutaadu; idhi "baadhyata laeni pasutvam yokka oka roopam."
ekikarana lekapovadam, "sampada pampinheelo asamaanata" mariyu vaariki ivvabadina "dayaneeyamaina" hodaanu highlight chestundi... mahilalu, "samajam yokka punaadi yokka bhayaniki pradhana karanaluga, samajam mariyu daani vyaktulu okarikokaru anugunamgaa panicheyakapothe, aarogyakaramaina saamaajika vyavasthanu sthaapinchalaemani varma dhruveekarinchaaru. nirankusa (paalaka) samajam maanavatvam yokka mugimpunu soochinchagaladane vaastavaanni aame nokki chebutundi."
11. "dhi art off living" (1934)
"jeevana kala", praathamikamgaa, "saiddhaantika ghnaanam mariyu aacharanaatmaka anuvartanam" yokka paraspara sahajeevanampai daani praadhamika praadhaanyata istundi-okati marokati lekunda elaa asampuurnamgaa untundi.
eee paraspara sahajeevanaanni antima jeevana kalagaa upayoginchadaanni prastaavistuu, varma thana abhiprayanni spashtam cheyadaaniki paint rangulu mariyu paint brush yokka rakaala saaruupyatanu veluguloki testundi, inca "jeevanaaniki avasaramaina nibandhanala ekikarana" gurinchi marinta charchistundi... [dhi] samskaralalo suutraalugaa."varmaku, siddhaantam," satyam bruyat-nijam matladandi ", udaaharanaku, aacharanatmakamgaa vartimpajesi, okari jeevitaaniki praathamika punaadigaa cheyakapothe, verucheyabadina mariyu chinnavishayam.
amayakula maranaaniki" matrame daariteese nijaayitiini sweekarinchadam kante, "amayakula praanaalanu" kaapaadagala abaddham cheppagaliginappudu paina perkonna siddhaantam yokka vaastavamaina antargatata vastundi.
vyaasam munduku saagutunnappudu, varma oka saapamgaa jeevinche kala gurinchi desavyaaptamgaa unna agnaanaanni nokki chebutuu, "aaa jeevana kala" gurinchi bharatiya mahilalaku agnaanam kaaranamgaa praacheena kaalam nundi aamepai vidhinchina udaaseenatanu vivaristundi.
vyaasakartaku, oka bharatiya mahila alankarinchabadina daivika lakshanaalu "yea itara deshaaniki chendina streeni deevatagaa" cheyadaaniki saripothayi. edemaina, oka bharatiya mahila yokka "tyaagam yokka aatma" mariyu "aparimitamaina dhairyam" "aaa daivika lakshanaalanu sajeevamgaa teesukuraavadaaniki" aame anveshanaku aatamkam kaligistundi, aamenu "ardhaangini" anae khaidu cheyabadina sthaanaaniki longadeesukuntundi, aame "aadarsha seetha-savitri" lakshanaalanu sakaram cheyamani nirantaram balavantam cheyabadutundi.
hinduu streeni shavam anie mudra vaestuu, eee digbhraantiki guraina paristhiti madhyalo ekkado oka chota, digajaarina hodha yokka baadhyata bharatiya mahilapaine undani varma nokki chepparu. aame thana jeevitaanni mantramugdulanu cheyagala konni suutraalanu kaligi unnappatikee, aaa suutraalanu "tappugaa upayoginchukovadam" aame jeevitamlo vimukti yokka prati aasanu tyajistundi. vyaasakarta yokka churukaina vaikharini vivarinchadaaniki "andamaina kankanam" yokka saaruupyata munduku vastundi.
chivariki, varma "saamaajika paryaavaranam" nuu, adhe samayamlo, samaajamlooni paisaachika chattalaku oka mahila yokka "mooga vidheyata" kii baadhyata vahistaadu. aame abhiprayam prakaram, purushulu mariyu streelalo "bahya mariyu antargata purogati" yokka suukshmamaina anusandhanam dwara matrame merugaina jeevita saadhyata vistaristundihi
"purushudu mariyu stree iddaroo maanava gowravaanni pondinappudu matrame jeevana kala abhivruddhi chendutundi, daya, animation mariyu prema vanti maanava lakshanaalanu marinta vistrutamgaa cheyadame daani lakshyam."
swabhaavam dwara sahajamaina medhavi ayina mahadevi varma, saadhyamaina prati praatipadikana bharatiya mahila yokka adbhutamaina vimuktini prerepinchadaaniki thana vaikharini dhairyamgaa vyaktam chesindi. prati nijamaina strivadila, samaajamlooni pitruswamya arachakam stree gurtimpunu elaa kappivesindo kooda aame chusindi, anduvalla, golusuloni sambandhaalanu purushula ahankaaraanni cheelchadaaniki mariyu prati bharatiya mahilanu-kulam, rangu ledhaa mathamtho sambandham lekunda-intlo mariyu velupala abhivruddhi chendadaaniki prerepinchadaaniki oka maadhyamgaa chesindi.