
iso 639-3

bhashala paerla praatinidhyaaniki sankethaalu-bhagamu 3: bhashala samagra coverage kosam alfa-3 code, iso 639-3:2007 anedi iso 639 shreniloni bhasha sankethaalaku antarjaateeya pramaanam. idhi bhashalanu gurtinchadaaniki moodu aksharaala sankethaalanu nirvachistundi. eee pramaanaanni international organization pharr standardisation (iso) 1 fibravari 2007naa prachurinchindi.
iso 639-3 iso 639-2 alfa-3 sankethaalanu anni telisina sahaja bhashalanu cover chese lakshyamtho vistaristundi. vistarinchina bhasha coverage pradhanamgaa sill international prachurinchina "ethnolog" (valuemlu 10-14) loe upayoginchina bhasha sanketalapai aadharapadi undhi, idhi ippudu ISO 639-3 kosam registration authorityga undhi. idhi sajeevamgaa mariyu antarinchipoyina, puraatana mariyu nirminchina, pedda mariyu chinna, vraatapuurvaka mariyu alikhita bhaashalatho sahaa saadhyamainanta puurti bhashala ganananu andistundi. ayithe, indulo proto-indo-european vanti punarnirminchina bhashalu laevu.
iso 639-3 vistruta shreni anuvartanaallo metadeta kodlugaa upayoginchadaaniki uddesinchabadindi. idhi internet vanti computer mariyu samachara vyavasthalalo vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutundi, dheenilo aneka bhashalaku maddatu ivvaalsina avasaram undhi. aarkaivlu mariyu itara samachara nilvalo, idhi jabita vyavasthalalo upayoginchabadutundi, idhi oka vanaru yea bhaashalo ledhaa daani gurinchi undho suuchistumdi. bhasha paerlu aspashtamgaa ledhaa aspashtamgaa undavachane vaastavaanni bharti cheyadaaniki bhasha saahityamlo mariyu itara pradaesaalaloo kooda sankethaalu tarachugaa upayoginchabadataayi.
bhasha sankethaalu.
iso 639-3 loe iso 639-1 looni anni bhashalu mariyu iso 639-2 looni anni vyaktigata bhashalu unnaayi. iso 639-1 mariyu iso 639-2 pradhana bhaashalapai drushti saarinchaayi, ivi prapancha saahityam yokka mottam bhaagamlo tarachugaa praatinidhyam vahistaayi. iso 639-2 bhasha sekaranalanu kooda kaligi untundi mariyu bhaagam 3 kooda kaligi undadu kabatti, iso 639-3 anedi iso 639-2 yokka superset kaadu. ikkada iso 639-2 loe bii mariyu tii sankethaalu unnaayi, iso 639-3 tii-sankethaalu upayogistundi.
pramaanamloo 7,916 entreelu unnaayi. bhashala jabita aneka muulaalapai aadharapadi untundi, veetilo 639-2 loe unna vyaktigata bhashalu, ethnolog nundi aadhunika bhashalu, chaaritraka rakalu, puraatana bhashalu mariyu bhasha saastravettala jabita nundi krutrima bhashalu, alaage vaarshika praja vyakhyala vyavadhilo sifaarsu cheyabadina bhashalu.
yantram dwara chadavagalige dayta faillanu registration authority andistundi. eee dayta faillanu upayoginchi iso 639-1 ledhaa iso 639-2 nundi iso 639-3 varaku mapping cheyavachu.
iso 639-3 puurtigaa lakshyam kaani pramaanaala aadhaaramgaa vyatyaasaalanu oohinchadaaniki uddesinchabadindi. idhi maandalikaalu ledhaa itara upa-bhasha vaividhyaalaku gurtimpu patraalanu namodu cheyadaaniki ledhaa andinchadaaniki uddesinchinadi kaadu. ayinappatikee, bhashala madhya vyatyaasaalaku sambandhinchina teerpulu aatmaasrayamgaa undavacchu, mukhyamgaa sthaapinchabadina saahitya sampradaayaalu laeni bhasha vaividhyaalu, vidya ledhaa madhyamalalo upayogam ledhaa bhasha sampradaayeekaranaku dohadapade itara kaarakaala vishayamlo. anduvalla, pramaanaanni prapanchamlo yea vibhina bhashalu unnayane daani yokka adhikaarika prakatanaga pariganinchakudadu (dheeni gurinchi konni sandarbhaallo gananeeyamaina asammati undavacchu), conny vividha bhasha rakalanu khachitamgaa gurtinchadaaniki oka upayogakaramaina maargamgaa pariganinchaali.
code space.
code moodu aksharaala varnamaala kabatti, suuchimchagala bhashala sankhyaku oka eguva sarihaddu 26 × 26 × 26 = 17,576. iso 639-2 pratyeka sankethaalu (4), rijarvu cheyabadina paridhi (520) mariyu bii-matrame sankethaalu (22) nuu nirvachistundi kabatti, 546 sankethaalu bhaagam 3loe upayoginchabadavu. anduvalla, kathinamaina eguva parimiti 17,576−546 = 17,030.
639-2 loe nirvachinchina bhasha sekaranalanu mariyu ISO 639-5 loe inca nirvachinchabadani vaatini teesivesthe eguva sarihaddu marinta katinamavutundi.
sthuula bhashalu.
iso 639-2 loe 58 bhashalu unnaayi, ivi pramaana prayojanaala kosam, iso 639-3 loe "macrolanguages" gaa pariganinchabadataayi.
eee sthuula bhaashalalo konnintini iso 639-2, ii code setlo iso 639-3 nirvachinchina vidhamgaa vyaktigata bhasha ledhu.zii. 'aaraa' (saadhaarana arabic). naar' (norwegian) vanti itarulu ippatike iso 639-2 loe vaari rendu vyaktigata bhaagaalanu ('noo' (ninorsk), 'nob' (bokmala)) kaligi unnaaru.
antey konni bhashalu (udhaa.zii. 'iso 639-2 dwara oka bhasha ('aaraa') yokka mandalikaluga pariganinchabade 'arb', praamaanika arabic) ippudu vyaktigata bhashaluga pariganinchabade konni sandarbhaallo iso 639-3 loe unnaayi.
idhi bhaashaasaastraparamgaa okadaanikokati bhinnamgaa unde, conny vaatini matladevaru oke bhasha yokka rendu rupaluga pariganinche rakalanu parishkarinche prayatnam, udhaa.zii. diglassia sandarbhaalalo.
udaaharanakuh
puurti jabita kosam chudandi.
saamuuhika bhashalu.
"saamuuhika bhasha sanketha moolakam anedi yea viniyoga sandarbhamloonainaa oka bhashaga pariganinchabadani vyaktigata bhashala samuuhaanni soochinche gurtimpu."eee sankethaalu khachitamgaa oka nirdishta bhasha ledhaa sthuula bhashanu suuchimchavu.
iso 639-2 loe saamuuhika bhashalaku moodu aksharaala identifierlu undagaa, eee sankethaalu iso 639-3 nundi minahayinchabaddayi. anduvalla iso 639-3 anedi iso 639-2 yokka superset kaadu.
iso 639-5 bhasha kutumbaalu mariyu samuuhaala kosam 3-aksharaala saamuuhika sankethaalanu nirvachistundi, indulo iso 639-2 nundi saamuuhika bhasha sankethaalu untaayi.
pratyeka sankethaalu.
nirdishta sankethaalu aevee taginavi kaani sandarbhaallo naalugu sankethaalu iso 639-2 mariyu iso 639-3 loe pakkana pettabadataayi. ivi pradhanamgaa databasela vanti anuvartanaala kosam uddesinchabaddaayi, ikkada oka iso code unikilo undaa ledhaa anae daanitoe sambandham lekunda avasaram.
adanamgaa, eee shreniloni 520 sankethaalu-'sthaanika upayogam kosam ketayinchabaddayi'. udaaharanaku, rebecca betten court nirminchina bhashalaku oka kodnu ketayistundi, mariyu abhyardhana meraku kotta ketaayimpulu cheyabadataayi. bhasha saastravettala jabita vaatini antarinchipoyina bhashala kosam upayogistundi. bhasha saastravettala jabita vaatilo okadaaniki saadhaarana viluvanu ketayinchindihi paerulaeni proto-longuage. idhi paeru laeni kutumba vrukshamlo pratipaadita madhyantara nodla kosam upayoginchabadutundi.
nirvahana prakriyalu.
iso 639-3 kosam code table maarpulaku terichi untundi. ippatike unna viniyogam yokka sthirathvaanni kaapaadataaniki, anumatinchabadina maarpulu veetiki parimitam cheyabaddayi
soochikalo kooda maarpu unte tappa oka bhashaku ketaayinchina code maarchabadadu.
maarpulu vaarshika chakramlo cheyabadataayi. prati abhyardhanaku praja sameeksha kosam kaneesam moodu nelala vyavadhi ivvabadutundi.
iso 639-3 web sait loe "denotation yokka paridhi" (langoid rakalu) mariyu bhashala rakalanu vivarinche paejeelu unnaayi, ivi encoding kosam yea bhavanalu mariyu konni pramaanaalanu teerchaalsina avasaram undho vivaristaayi. udaaharanaku, nirminchina bhashalanu encode cheyavachu, conny avi maanava communication kosam roopondinchinatlayithe mariyu saahityam kaligi unte, vilakshana aavishkaranala kosam abhyardhanalanu nirodhistaayi.
code pattikalu elaa nirvahinchabadaali anedaaniki sambandhinchi iso 639-3 pramaanam yokka vachanamlo chesina suuchanalanu namodu chese adhikaram thana websiteloni patraalu. idhi maarpu abhyardhanalanu sweekarinchadaaniki mariyu proses cheyadaaniki upayoginche prakriyalanu kooda document chestundi.
maarpu abhyardhana phaaram andinchabadutundi, mariyu pratipaadita cherpula gurinchi samacharanni sekarinchadaaniki rendava phaaram undhi. yea party ayina maarpu abhyardhanalanu samarpinchavachhu. samarpinchinappudu, abhyardhanalanu praarambhamlo registration authority sampuurnata kosam sameekshistundi.
puurtigaa document cheyabadina abhyardhana sweekarinchabadinappudu, adhi prachurinchabadina maarpu abhyardhana suuchikaku jodinchabadutundi. alaage, bhasha saastravettala jaabitaalo saadhaarana bhasha saastravettala charcha jaabitaaku prakatanalu pampabadataayi mariyu registration authority sambandhitamgaa pariganinchagala itara jaabitaalu, abhyardhinchina maarpupai praja sameeksha mariyu inputnu aahvaanistaayi. edainaa jabita yajamani ledhaa vyakti nirdishta praantaalu ledhaa bhasha kutumbaala kosam maarpu abhyardhanala notificationlanu abhyardhinchagalaru. itara paarteelu sameekshinchadaaniki andukunna vyaakhyalu prachurinchabadataayi. andukunna vyaakhyalalo ekaabhipraayam aadhaaramgaa, maarpu abhyardhananu upasamharinchukovachhu ledhaa "abhyardhi hodha" kii pracharam cheyavachu.
vaarshika sameeksha chakram mugisenduku moodu nelala mundu (saadhaaranamgaa septemberlo), bhasha saastravettala charcha jabita mariyu abhyardhi sthithi maarpu abhyardhanalaku sambandhinchina itara jaabitaalaku oka prakatana sett cheyabadutundi. vaarshika sameeksha chakram mugimpu varaku sameeksha mariyu vyakhya kosam anni abhyardhanalu terichi untaayi.
vaarshika sameeksha chakram chivarilo (saadhaaranamgaa janavarilo) nirnayaalu prakatinchabadataayi. aaa samayamlo, abhyardhanalanu puurtigaa ledhaa paakshikamgaa sweekarinchavachhu, savarinchavachhu mariyu tadupari sameeksha chakramloki munduku teesukellavacchu ledhaa tiraskarinchavacchu. tiraskaranalalo tarachugaa punahprarambham kosam pratipaadanalanu elaa savarinchaalo suuchanalu untaayi. teesukunna nirnayaalu mariyu nirnayaalaku hetubaddhatato paatu prati maarpu abhyardhana yokka public archive nirvahinchabadutundi.
vimarsha.
bhasha saastravettalu mori, post mariyu friedman iso 639, mariyu mukhyamgaa iso 639-3 paie vividha vimarsalanu levanettaruh
martin hospelmath eee naalugu amsaalatoe ekibhavistaadu, conny bhasha maarpu gurinchi kaadu. athanu angeekarinchadu endukante oka bhasha yokka edainaa vruttaamtaaniki daanini gurtinchaalsina avasaram undhi, mariyu manam oka bhasha yokka vividha dasalanu sulabhamgaa gurtinchagalam. bhasha saastravettalu langoid sthaayilo chesina krodikarananu upayoginchadaaniki ishtapadataarani ayana suuchimchaaru, endukante "vaaru matladutunnadi bhasha, mandalikam ledhaa daggari bhashala kutumbam anevi bhasha saastravettalaku chaalaa arudugaa mukhyamainavi."iso oka paarisraamika samstha kabatti bhasha gurtimpuku iso pramaanam taginada anie kooda ayana prasnistunnaaru, ayithe bhasha documentation mariyu naamakaranaanni shaastreeya prayatnamgaa chuustaaru. praamaanika bhasha gurtimpula yokka asalu avasaranni "anuvaadam mariyu software sthaanikeekarana yokka aardhika praamukhyata" gaa ayana udaharinchaaru, dheeni kosam iso 639-1 mariyu 639-2 pramaanaalu sthaapinchabaddaayi. conny iso 639-3 andinchina samagra coverage kosam parisrama avasaram gurinchi ayana sandehaalanu levanettaaru, indulo "likhitapuurvakamgaa ennadoo upayoginchani ledhaa arudugaa upayoginche mariyu tarachugaa antarinchipoye pramaadamloo unna chinna samaajaala yokka antagaa teliyani bhashalu" unnaayi.