
uchita shreni gudlu

uchita shreni gudlu antey pakshula nundi utpatti cheyabadina gudlu, veetini bayata anumatinchavacchu. free-range" anae padaanni desham mariyu sambandhita chattalanu batti bhinnamgaa upayoginchavacchu mariyu idhi aneka praantaalalo niyantrinchabadadu.
happy kollu" ledhaa "happy gudlu" anie kooda piluvabade janthu santosha dhruvikarana vidhaanaalanu anusarinchi, inti lopala matrame unde kolla nundi vachhe gudlanu "panjaram laenivi", "baarn", "baarn-roaming" ledhaa "aviary" anie kooda pilustaaru. idhi "battery bonulu" ledhaa "amarchina bonulu" anie label cheyabadina vyavasthalalo penchabade pakshulaku bhinnamgaa untundi.
chattaparamaina nirvachanam.
uchita paridhini nirvachinche chattaparamaina pramaanaalu deshaanni batti bhinnamgaa ledhaa unikilo undakapovachhu. vividha watchdog samsthalu, prabhutva samsthalu mariyu parisrama samuuhaalu "free-range" mariyu "cage-free" hodaaku sambandhinchina vibhina pramaanaalaku kattubadi untaayi.
united states.
united states department off agriculture (yuu. ess. dii. yea) prakaram, guddu utpattidaarulu "uchita shreni" guddu poralanu bayatiki access cheyagalarani pradarsinchagalagaali, ayithe bahya paryaavaranam yokka naanhyata ledhaa kodi entha samayam kaligi undho prabhutva paryaveekshanha ledhu. chaalaa mandhi utpattidaarulu tama gudlanu "uchita shreni" kii adanamgaa ledhaa badulugaa "panjaram laenivi" anie pilustaaru. iteevala, yuu. ess. guddu labels "baarn-roaming" anae padaanni chaerchadaaniki vistarinchaayi, kollu vese gudla muulaanni marinta khachitamgaa vivarinchadaaniki, ivi swechchagaa undalevu, conny marinta nirbandha panjaraaniki badulugaa oka giddangiki parimitam cheyabaddaayi.
charcha.
panjaram laeni gudlu americalo charchaku pradhana kaaranam. 2015loe masachusetslo "desamlo ekkadainaa penchina panjaramlo unna jantuvula nundi" raashtramlo maamsam ledhaa gudla ammakalanu nishedhinche oka chorava pratipaadinchabadindi. guddu parisrama samuuhaalaku eee maarpu guddu parisrama samuuhaalaku aandolana kaligistundi, endukante idhi gudla dharanu viniyogadaarulu vaatini konugolu cheyaleni sthaayiki penchutundani vaaru nammutaaru, tadwara mottam guddu parisramalo ksheenataku kaaranamavutundi. janthu sankshema nyaayavaadulu parisrama samuuhaalu aasinchinanta kharchulu teevramgaa maravani, pakshula gruhanirmaanam kharchulo pedda vyatyaasam kaliginchananduna gudla dhara dadapuga alaage untundani vaadistaaru. guddu parisrama samuuhaalu "panjaram vadakam yokka arhatalu mariyu vyaya-prabhavam gurinchi chattasabha sabhyulu, otarlu mariyu viniyogadaarulaku avagahana kalpinchadaaniki" prayatnam chestunnayi. viniyogadaarulu korukunte, vaaru bonulo ledhaa bayata pakshulanu unchadaaniki anugunamgaa maarutundani sthaanika raitulu mariyu utpattidaarulu chebutunnaru. guddu parisrama mariyu janthu sankshema nyaayavaadula madhya charchalu matrame kakunda, eee samasyanu samakhya prabhutvam ledhaa parisrama nirvahinchaalsinadaa anae daanipai kooda prajalu charchistunnaru.
european union.
european unionlo, panjaram laeni guddu utpattilo baarnlu, free-range, organic (UKloe, vyavasthalu sendreeyamgaa label cheyabadithe avi free-range ayi undaali) mariyu aviary vyavasthalu untaayi. cage kaani vyavasthalu bahiranga pravesamto ledhaa lekunda, oke ledhaa bahula-sthaayi (naalugu sthaayila varaku) kaavacchu. UKloe, uchita shreni vyavasthalu cage kaani pratyaamnaayaalo atyanta prachuryam pondaayi, 2013loe mottam gudlalo 44 saatam vatanu kaligi unnaayi, ayithe baarnlu mariyu sendriya gudlu kalisi 5 saatam vatanu kaligi unnaayi.
uchita shreni vyavasthalalo, kollu baarn ledhaa aviary maadirigaane untaayi.
european union council directive 1999/74 EC janavari 1,2007 nundi (kottagaa nirminchina ledhaa punarnirminchina vyavasthala kosam janavari 1,2012), cage kaani vyavasthalu eee krindi vaatini andinchaalani nirdesistundihi
eee avasaralaku adanamgaa, uchita shreni vyavasthalu eee krindi vaatini kooda andinchaalih
prapancha vyavasaayamlo karunatho nirvahinchina, eeyuu antataa kollu vaeyadaaniki uchita shreni vyavasthala cases studies, jaathi empika mariyu nivaarana nirvahana paddhatulu raitulu mukku-trimmed kaani pakshulanu vijayavantamgaa upayoginchadaaniki elaa veelu kalpistayo pradarsistaayi.
australia.
2012loe, parisramaku chendina australia gudlu, eee shrenilo hectaruku 20,000 kollanu anumatinche uchita shreni trademarknu namodu cheyadaaniki prayatninchaayi. idhi pedda utpattidaarulu, chinna utpattidaarulu, janthu sankshema samuuhaalu mariyu viniyogadaarula hakkula samuuhaala madhya pradhana charchaku daariteesindi. pratipaadita pramaanaalu daani application yokka prarambha anchanaalo 'free range' gaa varninchabadina gudla swabhaavam gurinchi viniyogadaarulanu tappudova pattinchavacchani" australian pootii & viniyogadaarula commission vyaakhyaaninchina taruvaata trademark application upasamharinchabadindi.
oka swachchanda code undhi, idhi poultry yokka saareeraka mariyu pravartanaa avasaralaku pempakam yokka praathamika pramaanaalanu kaligi untundi, idhi hectaruku 1,500 pora kollanu anumatistundi. ayithe, code "taja shreni praantaalapai pakshulanu kramam tappakunda tippinappudu matrame adhika pakshi saandrata aamodayogyamgaa untundi" anie kooda perkondi. swachchanda code sameekshalo undhi mariyu sampradinchabadaali.
queensland prabhutvam juulai 2013loe free-range layer kodi nilva saandratalanu penchadaaniki aamodam telipindi. hectaruku kolla garishta sankhyanu 1,500 nundi 10,000kii penchaaru.
marchi 2016loe, australia mantrulu free-range nirvachanam kosam kotta jaateeya pramaanaalalo ootu vaesaaru. kotta pramaanaalu hectaruku 10,000 pakshulanu anumatistaayi, kollu vaastavaaniki bayatiki vellaalsina avasaram ledhu. empika, australia yokka atipedda laabhaapekshaleni viniyogadaarula samstha, australia yokka viniyogadaarula vyavahaaraala mantrulu viniyogadaarula avasaralaku mundu pedda ettuna australian guddu utpattidaarula prayojanaalanu unchaalani nirnayam teesukunnarani nammutaaru.
april 2017loe, australia prabhutvam chattanni khararu chesi, bahiranga metha praantaalalo hectaruku garishtamgaa 10,000 kollanu tappanisari cheyaalani nirnayinchindi, dheeniki kollu "kramam tappakunda mariyu ardhavantamaina" praapyata kaligi undaali. prastutam, daani sabhyula kosam iyu nirdesinchina praamaanikam vadda ledhaa anthakante takkuva roaming sthalaanni tappanisari chese atyanta prajaadarana pondina uchita shreni gurtimpu pathakaalu, uchita shreni raitula sangham (hectaruku 750 kollu), maanaveeya empika (hectaruku 1,500 kollu) mariyu australian dhruveekarinchabadina sendriya (pacchika bayallalo hectaruku 2,500 kollu). juulai 2017loe, snodel daani gudlu 'free range' anie tappudu prakatana chesinanduku rikaardu mottamgaa $1.05m (chattaparamaina kharchulatho sahaa) jarimana vidhinchabadindi. idhi derody, halland polaalu, pyrovic ledhaa darling downes taja gudlapai vidhinchina jarimaanaala kante gananeeyamgaa peddadi; $300,000 ledhaa $250,000 gaa sett cheyabadindi.
kharchu.
2004loe prachurinchabadina european commission yokka saamaajika-aardhika nivedikaloni dayta aadhaaramgaa, (iyulo battery bonulu nishedhinchabadataaniki mundu) 12 battery gudlanu utpatti cheyadaaniki €0.66,12 baarn gudlanu utpatti cheyadaaniki €0.82 mariyu 12 free-range gudlanu utpatti cheyadaaniki €0.98 kharchu avutundi. dheeni ardham 2004loe, oka uchita shreni guddu battery guddu kante utpatti cheyadaaniki 2.6 sentlu ekkuva kharchu avutundi, mariyu oka baarn guddu battery guddu kante utpatti cheyadaaniki 1.3 sentlu ekkuva kharchu avutundi. commission nivedika prakaram, kharchulu 20 saatam perigithe, idhi free-renjku maaradam phalitamgaa utpattidaarulu edurkone variable kharchula paramgaa saatam perugudala anie chebutundi, parisrama sambhaavyamgaa nashtapoye avakaasam undhi. giddangulu mariyu uchita shreni gudla kosam utpattidaarulu saadhinchina anchulu battery gudla kosam andubaatulo unna vaati kante gananeeyamgaa ekkuvagaa unnaayi. commission yokka saamaajika-aardhika nivedika prakaram, uchita shreni gudla kosam anchulu battery gudla kante rendu retlu ekkuvagaa unnaayi.
janthu sankshemam.
united states yokka manavatva samaajamtho sahaa aneka janthu sankshema nyaayavaadulu kollu vaeyadaaniki panjaram laeni mariyu uchita shreni gudlu gananeeyamaina merugudalanu kaligi unnayani nirvahistunnaaru. idhi united statesloni chaalaa pradhana aahara companylu panjaram laeni gudla pramaanaanni sweekarinchadaaniki daariteesindi, ayithe 2017loe, idhi utpatti cheyabadina mottam gudlalo kevalam 10 saatam matrame panjaram laeni gudlu anie anchanaa veyabadindi. panditlu mariyu aahara vyaakhyaatalu aahara parisramalo panjaram laeni gudla vaipu 2016 maarpunu "saahasopetamaina nirnayam" mariyu chaaritraatmaka marpuga abhivarninchaaru. aneka parisoedhanalu, mukhyamgaa janthu hakkula samuuham pratichota pratyaksha charya, kollu vaeyadaaniki panjaram laeni polaalu yea sthaayilo merugupadathaayane daanipai sandehaalanu levanettaayi. 2016 chivaralo panjaram laeni castco soukaryam yokka daryaaptu pakshulu okadaanipai okati daadi cheyadam valla naramamsa bhakshyam kanugonadaaniki uddesinchabadindi, mariyu panjaram ledhaa panjaram laeni soukaryaalu kollu saanukuula jeevitaalanu ivvaledani nirdhaarinchindi.
apohalu.
pakshula aahaaramlo pacchikalu mariyu keetakaalu samruddhiga undatam valla free-range gudlu vistrutamgaa undavacchu mariyu vaati pacchasonaku narinja rangu ekkuvagaa undavacchu. ayithe, oka narinja pacchasona oka guddu oka free-range kodi dwara utpatti cheyabadindane haamii ledhu. pacchasona, endina algay mariyu alfalfa bhojanam vanti aahara sankalanaalanu pacchasona ranguku upayoginchavacchu.
prajaadarana pondina nammakaniki viruddhamgaa, united stateslo uchita-shreni nibandhanala prakaram kollu bayata gananeeyamaina samayanni gadapavalasina avasaram ledhu, kollu "bayatiki pravesam kaligi untaayi". eee pravesam chaalaa takkuva kaalaaniki undavacchu mariyu bayati praantam chinnadi mariyu arudugaa undavacchu. inti lopala nilva chese saandratalu tarachugaa ekkuvagaa untaayi, mariyu chaalaa kollu aadhipatya kollugaa lopala undi, itarulanu bayati yaarduku vellakundaa nirodhinchavacchu.
poeshakaalu.
kolla vayassu, ottidi mariyu poeshanhaloo thedaalu gudla naanhyatapai gruha vyavasthala prabhaavaala gurinchi shaastreeya nirdhaaranalanu chaalaa kashtataram chestaayi. merugaina utpattini andinche eee pratyaamnaaya vyavasthala gurinchi viniyogadaarula avagahanalu edainaa poeshaka vyatyaasam unnanduna saastriiyamgaa anyayamgaa untaayi. uttara karolinalo nirvahinchina 2011 parisoedhana adhyayanam kovvu aamlalu, collustroll, vitaminlu eah mariyu ii kosam free-range mariyu sampradaaya panjaramlo unna gudlanu polchindi, free-range gudlalo adhika kovvu kantentnu kanugonnadi mariyu collustroll mariyu vitamin sthaayilalo gananeeyamaina vyatyaasam ledhu. suuryarashmiki dhooramgaa unchina kollatho poliste, suuryarashmiki gurayye kollalo gudlalo vitamin dii 4 retlu varaku perugutundani gamaninchabadindi. gaddi tinipinche kollu pratikuula aakseekarana prabhavalu lekunda (n−3) kovvu aamlalu samruddhiga unde gudlanu utpatti cheyagalavani maroka parisoedhana suuchistumdi. konni itara peer-review cheyani adhyayanalu free-range gudla poeshaka prayojanaalaku aadhaaraalanu kanugonnayi.
chillara vyaapaarulu.
aneka pradhana retailarlu uchita shreni gudlanu matrame vikrayinche vidhananni kaligi unnaaru, ledhaa battery-cage gudlanu vikrayincharu. kontamandi retailarlu eee vidhananni tama shellaloni gudlaku matrame kakunda, kaalchina vastuvulu mariyu tayaaruchesina bhojanam, quitches mariyu ice cream vanti proses chesina utpattulalo upayoginche gudlaku kooda vartimpajestaaru. shell gudla shreni, mariyu vaari proses chesina utpattulu mariyu siddhamgaa unna bhojanamlo uchita shreni gudlanu matrame upayogistundi.
janavari 1,2007 natiki (oka chinna minahaayimputo), anni austrian suupar marketlu battery gudlanu vikrayinchavu. netherlandsloni aneka retailarlu, albert haine mariyu scutima (holdku anubandha samsthalu), laurus (edaa, konmar mariyu suupar dii boyer thoo sahaa), dirk vaan denne broke (baas vaan derr highzden mariyu degrosto sahaa), aldi mariyu liddle free-range shell gudlanu matrame vikrayistaayi; ayithe aldi mariyu liddlo vikrayinche free-range gudlu free-range gudla utpattiki konni deshaala sifaarsulanu andukovu. moodu belgian suupar marketlu macro, koluit mariyu liddle, battery gudlu ikapai vikrayinchavu. sampradaaya battery bonula nundi sweeden dhooramgaa velladaaniki naalugu atipedda retailarlu (vaari madhya unnavaaru swedish retail marketlo 98-99% khaataanu kaligi unnaaru) sampradaaya battery gudlanu nilva cheyadaanni aapaalani teesukunna nirnayam sahaayapadindani commission nivedika perkondi. yuu.ess. aahara sarafaraadaarulu aramark mariyu unilever vaaru panjaram laeni gudlanu matrame konugolu cheyalanukuntunnarani prakatinchaaru, conny 2013 natiki vaatini sarafara cheyadaaniki taginanta andubaatulo laevu.
australialo aldi mariyu liddlo vikrayinche free-range gudlu hectaruku 1,500 kolla siro yokka modal code sifaarsuku anugunamgaa undavu. marchi 2016loe, australia mantrulu free-range nirvachanam kosam kotta pramaanaalalo ootu vaesaaru. kotta pramaanaalu hectaruku 10,000 pakshulanu anumatistaayi, kollu vaastavaaniki bayatiki vellaalsina avasaram ledhu. empika, australia yokka atipedda laabhaapekshaleni viniyogadaarula samstha, australia yokka viniyogadaarula vyavahaaraala mantrulu viniyogadaarula avasaralaku mundu pedda ettuna australian guddu utpattidaarula prayojanaalanu unchaalani nirnayam teesukunnarani nammutaaru. proof (bahiranga maidaanaallo penchina pacchika bayalla kosam nilabadi) anie piluvabade oka samuuham ippudu oka gurtimpu pathakaanni abhivruddhi chese prakriyaloo undhi, idhi "pacchika bayallu" anae padam dabbalapai kanipinchadam praarambhistundi. rujuvu yokka pacchika gudla maargadarsakaalu hectaruku garishtamgaa 1500 pakshula nilva saandratanu (sijiro modal kodku anugunamgaa) alaage kollu bahiranga polaallo ledhaa teddulaloo swechchagaa undataaniki anumatistaayi. ippativaraku, australialo 12 licenses pondina guddu polaalu unnaayi, maroe enimidi pipelinelo unnaayi.
paryaavarana prabhavam.
uchita shreni gudlu paryaavarana vyayaanni kaligi untaayi. dheeniki kaaranam, uchita shreni guddu utpatti vyavasthalalo, aavasalanu niyantrinchadam kashtam mariyu gudlanu utpatti cheyadaaniki avasaramaina vanarulu panjaramlo unna guddu utpatti kante ekkuvagaa untaayi. yooke looni nyuu kazil vishwavidhyaalayamlo chesina oka adhyayanamlo battery panjaram sadupaayamtho poliste uchita shreni soukaryam nundi greenhouse vaayu udgaralalo 16 saatam perugudala kanipinchindi. 
swachchanda samsthalanu punaruddharinchadam.
UKloe, kollu mariyu british kollu sankshema trust kosam taja prarambham vanti swachchanda samsthalu maajee factory kolla kosam punarvyavastheekarananu nirvahistaayi, lekapothe vaatini vadhistaaru. private chinna yajamaanulu "resque kollaku" sumaru 4-5 poundlu chellistaaru, mariyu eee pakshulu (ivi ippatikee rojuvaareegaa untaayi) appudu nijamaina uchita-shreni vaataavaranamloo "padavee viramana" kharchu chestaayi. maajee battery kodi gandaragolam mariyu digbhranti aame kotta vaataavaranamloo aascharyamgaa maradanni chudatam kante merugaina vidya marokati ledani beehech doubleu trust chebutondi.