kaniti vaividhyata

kaniti vaividhyata anedi vividha kaniti kanaalu cellular padanirmaana shaastram, janyu vyakteekarana, jeevakriya, chalanasheelata, vistarana mariyu metastatic saamardhyamtho sahaa vibhina padanirmaana mariyu samalakshana profilenu chuupagalavani pariseelananu vivaristundi. eee drugvishayam kanitula (kaniti madhya vaividhyata) mariyu kanitula lopala (kaniti lopala vaividhyata) rendinti madhya sambhavistundi. intra-tumour vaividhyata yokka kaneesa sthaayi anedi dna replication yokka asampuurnata yokka saadhaarana parinaamam oka kanam (saadhaarana ledhaa cancer) vibhajinchinappudalla, konni utparivartanalu pondabadataayi-idhi cancer kanaala yokka vibhina janaabhaaku daariteestundi. cancer kanaala vaividhyata samarthavanthamaina chikitsa vyuuhaalanu roopondinchadamlo gananeeyamaina savaallanu pravesapedutundi. ayithe, vaividhyaanni ardham chesukovadam mariyu vargeekarinchadam gurinchi parisoedhana vyaadhi kaaranaalu mariyu purogati gurinchi merugaina avagahanaku veelu kalpistundi. pratigaa, adhika saamarthyaanni andinchadaaniki vaividhyata yokka gnaanaanni kaligi unna marinta suddhi chesina chikitsa vyuuhaala srushtiki maarganirdesam chese saamarthyam dheeniki undhi.
leukemia, rommu, prostate, peddapregu, medadu, annavahika, thala mariyu meda, muutraasayam mariyu stree jananendri cancer, liposarcoma mariyu bahula mylomalalo kaniti vaividhyata gamaninchabadindi.
vaividhyata yokka namuunaalu.
kaniti kanaala vaividhyaanni vivarinchadaaniki rendu namuunaalu upayoginchabadataayi. ivi cancer muula kana namuunaa mariyu clonal parinaama namuunaa. namuunaalu parasparam pratyekamainavi kaavu, mariyu avi rendoo vividha kaniti rakaalalo vividha mottaalalo vaividhyataku dohadam chestayani nammutaaru.
cancer muula kanaalu.
cancer muula kana namuunaa kaniti kanaala janabhalo, kaniti kanajaalam (kanitulanu yerparuchukogala saamarthyam) kaligina kanaala yokka chinna upasamiti matrame undani nokki chebutundi. eee kanaalanu cancer muula kanaalu (csc) anie pilustaaru, ivi sweeya-punaruddharana mariyu kanitulu kaani santaanamgaa vaeru cheyagala saamarthyam rendinti dwara gurtinchabadataayi. kaniti kanaala madhya gamaninchina vaividhyata avi udbhavinchina muula kanaalalo vyatyaasaala phalitamgaa undani csc namuunaa perkondi. muula kana vaividhyam tarachugaa epigenetic maarpula valla sambhavistundi, conny csc janabha yokka clonal parinaamam nundi kooda sambhavinchavachhu, ikkada csc mariyu vaati santhaanamlo prayojanakaramaina janyu utparivartanalu perukupotayi (krinda chudandi).
cancer muula kana namuunaa yokka aadharalu leukaemias, glioblastoma, rommu cancer mariyu prostate cancertho sahaa aneka kaniti rakaalalo pradarsinchabaddaayi.
ayithe, cscs uniki inca charchalo undhi. dheeniki oka kaaranam emitante, bahula kanitulalo csc la kosam gurtulanu punarutpatti cheyadam kashtam. inca, tumerigenic saamarthyaanni nirnayinche paddhatulu genographt namuunaalanu upayogistaayi. eee paddhatulu marpidi jantuvulo roganirodhaka pratispandananu niyantrinchaalsina avasaram mariyu praadhamika kaniti sait nundi genographt sait varaku paryaavarana paristhitulalo gananeeyamaina vyatyaasam ("e.zii."avasaramaina bahya anuvulu ledhaa saha kaarakaala lekapovadam). idhi csc phalitaala khachitatvam gurinchi mariyu yea kanaalaku tumerigenic sambhaavyata undane nirdhaaranala gurinchi kontha sandehaanni kaliginchindi.
clonal parinaamam.
clonal parinaama namuunaanu modata modata peater novel pratipaadinchaaru. eee namoonaalo, kanitulu oke utparivartana kanamu nundi utpannamavutaayi, idhi abhivruddhi chendutunna koddi adanapu utparivartanaalanu koodabettukuntundi. eee maarpulu adanapu upa janaabhaaku daariteestaayi, mariyu eee upa janabhalo prati okkati marinta vibhajinchi, utparivartana chendagala saamarthyaanni kaligi untundi. eee vaividhyata kaniti vaataavaranamlooni itarulapai parinaamaatmaka prayojanaanni kaligi unna upa-klonelaku daariteeyavachchu mariyu kalakramena eee upa-klonelu kanitilo aadhipatyam chelaayinchavacchu. pratipaadinchinappudu, eee namuunaa kaniti perugudala, chikitsa vaiphalyam mariyu kaniti erpade sahaja prakriyaloo sambhavinche kaniti dookudu gurinchi ardham chesukovadaniki veelu kalpinchindi.
prarambha kaniti kanam yokka parinaamam rendu paddhatula dwara sambhavinchavachhuh
sarala vistarana.
driver janyuvulu, kaniti nirodhaka janyuvulu mariyu dna marammatu enjaimlalo varusaga kramabaddheekarinchina utparivartanalu perukupotayi, phalitamgaa kaniti kanaala clonal vistarana jarugutundi. leanier vistarana anedi praanaantaka kaniti yokka antima binduvunu pratibimbimchae avakaasam takkuvagaa untundi, endukante vaividhya kanitulalo utparivartanalu perukupovadam yaadrucchikamgaa untundi.
saakhala vistarana.
bahula upa-clonal janaabhaalaloki vistarana vibhajana vidhanam dwara jarugutundi. eee paddhati sarala vistarana kante kaniti vaividhyatatoe ekkuvagaa mudipadi untundi. prati varusa tharamtho perigina janyu asthirata phalitamgaa utparivartanaala samuparjana yaadrucchikamgaa untundi. deerghakaalika utparivartana perukupovadam kaniti purogati yokka konni dasalalo empika chesina prayojanaanni andistundi. kaniti suukshma vaataavaranam kooda kaniti vistaranaku dohadam cheyavachu, endukante idhi kaniti kanaalu bahirgatamayye empika chesina ottillanu maarchagaladu.
vaividhyata yokka rakalu mariyu kaaranaalu.
janyu mariyu janyu-kaani vaividhyam rendinti nundi utpannamayye kaniti kanaala madhya aneka rakaala vaividhyaalu gamaninchabaddaayi.
janyu vaividhyam.
janyu vaividhyam anedi kaniti janyuvula yokka oka saadhaarana lakshanam, mariyu idhi bahula vanarula nundi utpannam kaavacchu. atineelalohita vikiranam (charma cancerlu) mariyu pogaaku (oopiritittula cancer) vanti utparivartanalanu bahirgata karakalu pravesapettinappudu konni cancerlu praarambhamavutaayi. janyu asthirata anedi marinta saadhaarana muulam, idhi kanaalalo keelaka niyantrana maargaalaku antaraayam kaliginchinappudu tarachugaa talettutundi. konni udaaharanalalo merugaina pratiruupana lopalaku daariteese balaheenamaina dna marammattu yantraamgaalu mariyu mottam chromosomela pedda ettuna labham ledhaa nashtaniki anumatinche mytosis yantramlo lopaalu unnaayi. antekakunda, konni cancer chikitsala dwara janyu vaividhyam marinta perige avakaasam undhi (udhaa.zii."temozolomide mariyu itara chemotherapy mandulatho chikitsa).
utparivartana kaniti vaividhyata anedi vividha janyuvulu mariyu namoonaalalo utparivartana pounahpunyamlo vaividhyaalanu suuchistumdi mariyu dheenini mutesig dwara anveshinchavacchu. utparivartana prakriyala yokka kaaranasaastram oke ledhaa ververu cancer rakaala nundi kaniti namuunaala madhya gananeeyamgaa maaravacchu mariyu vividha sandarbha-aadhaarita utparivartana profilelo vyaktamavutundi. dheenini cosmic mutational signature ledhaa mutagene dwara anveshinchavacchu.
itara vaividhyata.
kaniti kanaalu vaati vyakteekarana profile madhya vaividhyaanni kooda chuupagalavu. idhi tarachugaa antarleena epigenetic maarpula valla sambhavistundi.
vyakteekarana santakaalalo vaividhyam oka vyakti lopala kaniti namuunaala yokka vividha praantaalalo kanugonabadindi. H3k36 methyl transferes settingulu mariyu histone H3k4 demethylase demethylase prabhaavitam chese convergent utparivartanalu praadesikamgaa vaeru cheyabadina kaniti vibhagalalo udbhavinchaayani parisoedhakulu chuupimchaaru. adevidhamgaa, emm. tii. aarr, oka sell regulatory kinesnu encoding chese janyuvu, rajyangaparamga churukuga unnatlu choopabadindi, tadwara tadwara phosphorylation penchutundi. eee kriyaaseela phosphorylation clear-sell carcinomalo biomarkerga upayogapadavachhu.
yaantrika rasayana vaividhyata anedi sajeeva eucariotic kanaala lakshanam. idhi epigenetic janyu niyantranapai prabhavam chooputundi. vaividhyamaina dynamic mechanochemical prakriyalu cellular uparitalaala samuuhamloo anubandham dwara paraspara sambandhaalanu niyantristaayi. kaniti abhivruddhi mariyu vyaapti kaniti lopala kanaalatoe sahaa samuuha kanaalalo yaantrika rasayana paraspara charya prakriya yokka bhinnamaina astavyastamaina dynamicslo maarputho koodi untundi mariyu idhi cancer rogulaku kramaanugatamgaa untundi. gastric shleshmam yokka vaapu unna rogulaku vyatiraekamgaa avakalana gastric cancer nirdhaarana kosam mariyu kaniti kanaala yaantrikamgaa bhinnamaina suukshma kanaalanu vaati load kosam upayoginchinappudu teekaala aadhaaramgaa dendritic kanaala antimetastatic karyakalapalanu penchadaaniki yaantrika rasayana vaividhyata yokka jeeva drugvishayaanni upayoginchavacchu. kanitilooni mandulatho nanobubles sammelanaalapai yaantrika rasayana prabhaavaaniki sambandhinchi ekakaalamlo ultrasound imaging diagnostic techniclu mariyu therapy aadhaaramgaa saadhyamayye kramabaddhamaina vidhanam kooda undhi.
kaniti suukshma paryaavaranam.
kaniti suukshma vaataavaranamloo vaividhyata kaaranamgaa kaniti kanaala madhya vaividhyaanni marinta penchavacchu. kanitilo praantiiya thedaalu ("ii.zii."oxygen labhyata) kaniti kanaalapai vividha empika chesina ottillanu vidhistundi, idhi kaniti yokka vividha praadaesika praantaalalo prabalamaina upa-klonela vistruta varnapataaniki daariteestundi. clonal aadhipatyampai suukshma paryaavaranam yokka prabhavam kooda chaalaa mandhi rogulalo kanipinche praadhamika mariyu metastatic kanitula madhya vaividhyaaniki, alaage oke kaniti rakam unna rogula madhya gamaninchina antar-kaniti vaividhyaaniki kaaranam kaavacchu.
prabhavalu mariyu savaallu.
chikitsa nirodhakata.
bhinnamaina kanitulu vividha clonal janabhalo cytotoxic aushadhaalaku vividha sunnitatvaalanu pradarsinchavacchu. idhi chikitsa saamarthyaanni nirodhinche ledhaa marchagala clonal paraspara charyalaku aapaadinchabadindi, idhi bhinnamaina kanitulalo (mariyu vaati bhinnamaina metastases) vijayavantamaina chikitsalaku savaluga untundi.
bhinnamaina kanitulalo aushadha nirvahana arudugaa anni kaniti kanaalanu champutundi. prarambha bhinnamaina kaniti janabha addanki kaavacchu, tadwara konni aushadha nirodhaka kanaalu (evaina unte) manugada saagistaayi. idhi resistant tumour janabhanu branching evalution mechanism dwara kotta kanitini replicate cheyadaaniki mariyu penchadaaniki anumatistundi (paina chudandi). phalitamgaa vachhe janasaandrata kaligina kaniti vaividhyamainadi mariyu upayoginchina prarambha aushadha chikitsaku nirodhakatanu kaligi untundi. tirigi janasaandrata kaligina kaniti kooda marinta dookudugaa tirigi raavacchu.
cytotoxic aushadhaala nirvahana tarachugaa prarambha kaniti kunchinchukupovadaaniki daariteestundi. idhi vaividhya kanitilo prarambha nirodhakata laeni upa-kanajaala janabha naasanaanni suuchistumdi, nirodhakata clonelanu matrame vadilivestundi. eee nirodhaka klonelu ippudu empika chesina prayojanaanni kaligi unnaayi mariyu kanitini tirigi janasaandrata penchadaaniki pratiroopam cheyagalavu. pratiroopam bahusha saakhala parinaamam dwara sambhavistundi, idhi kaniti vaividhyataku dohadam chestundi. tirigi janasaandrata kaligina kaniti marinta dookudugaa kanipinchavacchu. kaniti kanaala yokka aushadha-nirodhaka empika prayojanaaniki idhi aapaadinchabadindi.
bahula mylomalo rooga niruupana.
bahula mylomalo, kaniti yokka janyu vislaeshanhalu nirdishta mutation, tolagimpu, choppinchadam modalaina pramaada gurtulanu gurtinchadaaniki upayoginchabadataayi. roogi yokka rooga niroopananu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki sahaayapadutundi. conny rogula madhya vyatyaasam undhi, manchi pramaadamtoe sambandham unna kontamandi rogulu oohinchina daanikante mundugaane tirigi vastaaru. adanamgaa, kontamandi rogulalo, pramaadaala kramaraahityam punaraavrutamainappudu matrame gamaninchabadutundi. 2023 nundi single selnu upayoginchi chesina oka adhyayanamlo roganirdhaarana nundi kontamandi rogulalo pramaada marker unna upa klonelu unnayani, conny avi praamaanika janyu dinacharya anchanaa dwara gurtinchaleninta takkuva frequencylo unnayani choopinchindi. inca, eee adhyayanam punaraavrutamainappudu matrame gurtinchagala pramaada gurtulu unna rogulu nijamgaa chedu rooga niroopanhatho mudipadi untaarani suuchimchimdi. kontha pramaada kramaraahityamto roganirdhaarana nundi kanugonabadina kramaraahityam unna rogulu mariyu kramaraahityam unnavaari madhya ayurdayam (mottam manugada) loe etuvanti vyatyaasam undadu. clonal empikapai chikitsa yokka prabhavam gurinchi bahiranga prasna migili undhi. eee phalitam yokka chikitsa prabhavam oka kaagitamlo vistrutamgaa abhivruddhi cheyabadindihi "anduvalla, takkuva-frequency, adhika-pramaada upa-clonelanu nirmuulinchadaaniki mariyu avi prabalamgaa marakunda nirodhinchadaaniki vinootna chikitsa vyuuhaalatoe paatu roganirdhaarana samayamlo eee upa-clonelanu gurtinchadaaniki sunnitamaina gurtimpu vidhanalu avasaram. [...] chivaraku, vivarinchina drugvishayam mm "(multiple myloma) kuu parimitam ayye avakaasam ledhu.
biomarker aavishkarana.
kanitula lopala mariyu madhya janyu vyatyaasaala kaaranamgaa, chikitsa pratispandana ledhaa rooga niroopananu anchanaa vese biomarkerlu vistrutamgaa vartinchakapovachhu. edemaina, marinta vaividhyamaina kanitulu chikitsa-nirodhaka upa-clonelanu kaligi unde avakaasam ekkuvagaa unnanduna vaividhya sthaayini biomarkerga upayoginchavacchani soochinchabadindi. vaividhyataku kaaranamayye biomarkerlanu abhivruddhi cheyadampai tadupari parisoedhana inca konasagutondi.
namuunaa vyavasthalu.
prastuta namuunaa vyavasthalalo saadhaaranamgaa maanava cancerlalo kanipinche vaividhyata undadu. kaniti vaividhyaanni khachitamgaa adhyayanam cheyadaaniki, manam marinta khachitamaina preclinical namuunaalanu abhivruddhi cheyali. atuvanti oka namuunaa, roogi utpannamaina kaniti genographt, kaniti vaividhyaanni kapadadamlo adbhutamaina upayogaanni choopinchindi, adhe samayamlo clonal fitness yokka driverla gurinchi vivaranaatmaka adhyayananni anumatinchindi. ayithe, eee namuunaa kooda cancer yokka puurti sanklishtatanu sangrahinchadu.
prastuta vyuuhaalu.
kaniti vaividhyaanni gurtinchadam, vargeekarinchadam mariyu chikitsa chese samasya ippatikee churukaina parisoedhanaloo unnappatikee, prayogaatmaka mariyu ganana parishkaaraalato sahaa konni prabhaavavantamaina vyuuhaalu pratipaadinchabaddaayi.

