kahora bassa

portugees valasarajyala yugamlo (1974 varaku) kabora basaa anie piluvabade kahora basaa sarassu, 
panini puurti cheyandi" anie ardham vachhe nyungwe "kahaura-bassa"-aafrikaaloni nalgava atipedda krutrima sarassu, idhi mojambikloni tete provincelo undhi. aafrikaalo, ghaanaaloni volta sarassu, kariba sarassu, kahora basaku eguvana jambeji, eejiptu sarassu nasser matrame uparitala neeti paramgaa peddavi.
charitra.
portugees kaalam.
1960la chivaralo portugeesu vaari prajectga mosambic videshee provincelo kahora bassa vyavastha praarambhamaindi. dakshina africa sarihadduku vidyuttunu teesukuraavadaaniki avasaramaina hye-voltage direct current (hetch. vii. dii. sii) transmission systemtho patuga portugal kabora basalo (porchugeesulo dheenini pilicheevaaru) jalavidyut utpatti kendraanni nirminchi, nirvahistundani paerkontuu dakshina africa prabhutvaalu kooda oka oppandamlo palgonnayi. marovaipu, dakshinaafrikaa, apolo convertor stationnu nirminchi, nirvahinchadaaniki mariyu dakshina africa/mosambican sarihaddu nundi pretoria sameepamloni apolo convertor stationku vidyuttunu teesukuraavadaaniki avasaramaina prasaara vyavasthalo kontha bhaganni nirvahinchadaaniki chepattindi. appudu dakshinaafrikaa portugal sarafara cheyalsina vidyuttunu konugolu cheyavalasi vachindi.
swaatantyra poraata samayamlo, anakatta nirmaana saamagrini frelimo gerillalu vyuuhaatmaka charyalo padepade daadi chesaaru, endukante daani puurti kavatam valla sarassu enthagaa vistaristundo, vaari padavalatho maroka vaipuku daatadaaniki chaalaa samayam padutundi. portugal pradhana bhoobhaagamlo cornation viplavam taruvaata, 1974 decemberlo anakatta nimpadam praarambhinchindi, mariyu swaatantrya oppandam santakam cheyabadindi. mosambic adhikarikamga 25 juun 1975naa portugal nundi swatantram pondindi.
november 2007 varaku, eee aanakattanu "hydroelectrica dii kahora basaa" (hetch. sii. bii) nirvahinchindi mariyu 18 saatam equity vaataatho mosambic mariyu migilina 82 saatam eekviteeni kaligi unna portugees samyuktamgaa yajamanyamlo undhi. 2007 november 27naa, mosambic portugal nundi anakatta niyantrananu sweekarinchindi, appudu portugal thana 82 saatam vatalo ekkuva bhaganni mojambikku vikrayinchindi. aardhika mantri fernando teaxera daas santos matladutu, dakshina aafrikaaloni atipedda jalavidyut prajectulo thana bhaganni vikrayinchadam dwara portugal maaku $950 millionlu (€750 millionlu) vasoolu chestundani chepparu. portugees 15 saatam vatanu unchukundi, ayithe taruvaata dasalo maroe 10 saatam vatanu mosambican prabhutvam pratipaadinchina pettubadidaaruniki vikrayinchaalani yochinchindi. portugal pradhana mantri jose sacrates maputolo adhikaarika paryatanalo mosambican prabhutvamtho oppandampai santakam chesaaru. eee oppandam "hydroelectrica dii kahora basaa" anie piluvabade companypy portugees mariyu daani puurva bhuubhaagam madhya dasaabdaala vivaadaanni muginchindi. portugal kuu company anchanaa vesina 2.20 kotla dollarla (€17 kotla) runaalanu nirvahinchadam paie kendra asammati undhi. mosambican adhikarulu taamu runaaniki haamii ivvaledani, anduvalla chellimpulaku baadhyata vahincharaadani vaadinchaaru.
swatantra mosambic.
mosambic 25 juun 1975naa portugal nundi swatantram pondindi. moosivesinappati nundi, aafrikaalo nalgava atipedda varada maidaana nadhi ayina jambeji chaalaa ekkuva niyantrita pravaaha retunu pondindi, conny vinaasakaramaina sahaja varadalu ippatikee sambhavistunnaayi. 1978 varada 45 mandhi maranaalaku, 100,000 mandhi niraasrayulaku mariyu 62 million dollarla viluvaina nashtaniki kaaranamaindi.
injaneering consultants prakaram, "kahora basaa puurtayina taruvaata idhi modati varada, mariyu anakatta chivaraku varadalanu puurti niyantranaloki testundane vistrutamgaa unna nammakanni naasanam chesindi". anakatta valla kalige paryaavarana samasyala marinni vivaraala kosam, jambeji nadipai vyaasam chudandi.
mosambican antaryuddham samayamlo (1977-1992) transmission linelu 1,895 towerlanu marchalsinanta varaku naasanam cheyabaddaayi mariyu line yokka mosambican vaipu 893 kimmy dhooramlo 2,311 punaruddharinchabaddayi.
punaruddharinchabaddayi, antaryuddham mugisina taruvaata, "hydroelectrica dii kahora basaa" (hetch. sii. bii) nirmaanam nirvahana, naanhyata haamii mariyu design maddatu sevanu nirvahinchadaaniki dakshinaafrikaa yokka trans-africa prajectulanu (tapp) niyaminchindi. consorgio italia 2000 mariyu enel thoo kuudina joint venture companyki nirmaana oppandaanni pradaanam cheyadamlo hechsibiki sahaayapadindi, mariyu eee project kosam 24 nelala schedule vyavadhini nirnayinchaaru. dakshinaafrikaalooni linelu kontavaraku debbatinnaayi mariyu eee linelanu tirigi panicheyadaaniki escomku saadhaarana nirvahana matrame avasaram.
eee prajectupy pani augustu augustu praarambhamaindi. mojambikloni line maargam dattamaina podha mariyu kashtataramaina bhuubhaagam gundaa sino nundi pafuri sameepamloni dakshinaafrikaa sarihaddu varaku velutundi, rendu daasyaalu mosambic antaryuddham (1977-1992) nundi land mainlatho prabhaavitamayyaayi, veetini nirmaana panulu praarambhinchadaaniki mundu tolaginchaalsina avasaram undhi. bhaarii, kalanugunamga kurise varshapaatam taruvaata eee karyakramanni enthagaa prabhaavitam chesindante, modati line aagashtu aagashtu mariyu rendava line adhe samvatsaram novemberlo matrame puurti cheyagaligindi. punaruddharana kaalamlo, mottam karyakrama schedule mariyu project kharchulanu meruguparachadaaniki vividha namuunaalu mariyu nirmaana paddhatulanu abhivruddhi chesi amalu chesaaru. vaaru eee maargaalanu punaruddharinchi, punarnirminchaalsina teevramaina paristhitulu unnappatikee, panini nirneeta vyavadhilo mariyu parimita budjetto puurti chesaaru. eee linelu puurtayinappati nundi, aneka pareekshalaku lobadi, daani puurti saamardhyaaniki saktinichaayi. nirmaana garishta kaalamlo sumaru 1,100 mandhi upaadhi pondaaru.
2000 fibravarilo limpopo nadhi loyalo kurisina varshaalu mariyu teevramaina varadalu rendu linelaku gananeeyamaina nashtanni kaliginchaayi, sumaru 10 towerlu koolipoyaayi mariyu dakshinaafrikaaku vidyut sarafaraanu punaruddharinchadaaniki saadhyamainanta takkuva vyavadhilo punarnirminchaalsina avasaram undhi. injaneering, sekarana mariyu nirmaana nirvahana sevalanu hetch. sii. bii. mallii tapp kii appaginchindi. tapp oka line dwara vidyut sarafaraanu tatkalikamga punaruddharinchagaligindi, ayithe maroka linelo marinta shaashwata parishkaram nirvahinchavacchu. puurti line saamarthyaanni moyadaniki punarnirminchina line upayoginchabadutundi. taatkaalika sarafaraanu tirigi pondadaaniki kulaayi asaadhaarana nirmaana paddhatulanu amalu cheyalsi vachindi. nadhi daatadam pakkana unna suspension towerlu 711 meterla sthaayi bhuubhaagam yokka avasaramaina anumatulanu pondadaaniki taatkaalika vidyut parishkaram kosam gananeeyamaina savaalunu edurkonnaayi.
vidyut kendraanni dhvamsam chese prayatnamlo sarassulo "atyanta tinivese" padaarthaanni unchinanduku 2009 april 27naa naluguru videshee pourulanu arrestu chesaaru. anakatta yokka eetharik shakti (jeevashakti) naanhyatanu meruguparachadaaniki sarassulo organite mukkalanu unche organize africaku chendina brundam anie arrestu cheyabadina vaaru paerkonnaaru.
2005 nundi, eee praantaanni simhaala samrakshana vibhagamga pariganistunnaaru.
sambandhita aardhika karyakalapalu.
paschima mojambikloni jambeji nadipai unna kahora bassa dwara utpatti ayye vidyuttulo ekkuva bhaagam sameepamloni dakshinaafrikaaku vikrayinchabadutundi. vikrayinchabadutundi, kahora bassa sumaru 1,920 megawatla vidyuttunu prasaram chesindi, conny moulika sadupayalu adhika utpatti sthaayilanu kaligi unnaayi mariyu 2008 natiki daani utpattini daadaapu rettimpu cheyaalani company yochistondi. yochistondi mosambiclo mottam vyavasthaapinchina saamarthyam 2,400 megaavaatlu, indulo 91 saatam jalavidyut.
eee jalasayamlo gananeeyamaina capenta chepala pempakam abhivruddhi chendindi. kapenta kariba sarassu nundi udbhavinchindani bhaavistaaru, ikkada idhi tanganyika sarassu nundi pravesapettabadindi. pravesapettabadindi kahora basaa aanakattalo capenta vaarshika chepa 10,000 tannulanu minchipoyindi.
anakatta lopala "chikkukunna" jambeji sorachepala santanotpatti kaalanee undani vistrutamgaa nammutaaru. bull shark 100 kimmy kante ekkuva eguvaku prayaanistundani telisinanduna, eee drugvishayam ippatike unna shaastreeya mariyu jeeva vaastavaalaku viruddhamgaa ledhu. saadhaaranamgaa samudramlo nivasinche jaathi, bull sorachepalu vaati jeevitakaalam mottam manchineetilo jeevinchagalavu. sthaanika tegalu eee vivikta sorachepa samajam chusinatlu (mariyu daadulanu) nivedinchaayi, ayinappatikee ivi inca dhruvikarinchabadaledu.

