
madhya yugaalalo polland charitra

eee vyaasam madhya yugaalalo polland charitranu vivaristundi. eee samayam 5va sataabdam nundi 16va sataabdam varaku sumaru oka sahasraabdini kaligi untundi. idhi saadhaaranamgaa paschima roman saamrajyam patanam naatidi, mariyu taruvaati prarambha aadhunika kaalaaniki viruddhamgaa untundi. italian punarujjeevanamlo maanavataavaadam yokka perugudala mariyu samskaranalu bayatapadina samayam saadhaaranamgaa madhya yugaala nundi parivartanatho mudipadi untundi, european videshee vistarana anedi oka tadupari prakriyagaa untundi, conny atuvanti teedeelu sumaruga mariyu suukshmamaina vaadanalapai aadharapadi untaayi.
prarambha madhya yugaalu.
slavic valasala modati taramgaalu eguva vistula nadhi praantamloo mariyu prastuta aagneya polland mariyu dakshina masovia bhoobhagalalo itara praantaalalo sthirapaddaayi, ivi neeper nadhi eguva mariyu madhya praantaala nundi vachayi. gdansk vaidya vishwavidhyaalayaaniki chendina parisoedhakulu chesina janyu adhyayanam yokka phalitaalu "slavla yokka mottamodati maatrubhoomini madhya neeper pareevaahaka praantamloo unche parikalpanaku maddatu istayi". paschima slaavlu pradhanamgaa byzantine charitrakaarudu jordance "getika" loe sclaveni anie piliche marinta paschima prarambha slavic saakha nundi vacchaaru, thoorpu saakha cheemalagaa undhi. german tegalache eee bhuubhaagaalu khaalii cheyabadina ardha sataabdam taruvaata (sthaavaraalu laeni ledhaa arudaina kaalam taruvaata), 5va sataabdam rendava bhaagamlo baanisalu modata polandloki valasa vacchaaru. prarambha madhya yugaala vyaasamlo eee mariyu polandlo icchina suuchanala prakaram, chaalaa mandhi panditulu ippudu prarambha madhyayuga kaalaaniki mundu polandlo slavic tegalu levani nammutaaru, ayithe polish puurva charitra mariyu puurva charitralo prabalamaina vyatiraeka abhiprayam ippatikee praatinidhyam vahistundi.
akkada nundi, 6va sataabdamloo, kotta janabha uttara, paschima praantaalalo chellacheduruga vyaapinchindi. baanisalu ekkuvagaa pantalanu saagu cheyadam dwara jeevinchaaru, conny vaeta mariyu sekaranalo kooda nimagnamai unnaaru. thoorpu mariyu madhya airopa nundi prajalu mariyu huns, awars mariyu magyarla vanti sainyalu daadi chestunnappudu vaari valasalu jarigaayi.
aneka paschima slavic polish tegalu 8va sataabdam nundi chinna rashtraalanu yerparuchukunnayi, veetilo konni taruvaata pedda rashtraalugaa kalisipoyayi. eee tegalalo dakshina polandloni vistulaanlu ("vislani"), krakov mariyu vislika vaari pradhana kendraalugaa unnaayi (9va sataabdamloo vaari desamlo pradhana balavardhakamaina kendraalu nirminchabaddaayi), conny taruvaata polaanlu ("polani"-aksharala, "polaallooni prajalu") anie piluvabade tega (luu) nirnayaatmaka chaaritraka praamukhyatanu niroopinchaayi. konni siddhaantaala prakaram, 9va sataabdam chivaralo vistulaanlu goppa moravialo bhaagamgaa undevi.
girijana rashtraalu 7va sataabdam nundi matti mariyu chekka godalu mariyu kattalatho kuudina aneka gordlanu-balavardhakamaina nirmaanaalanu nirminchaayi. veetilo konni abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi mariyu nivasinchabaddaayi; marikonni pedda khaalii sthalaanni kaligi unnaayi mariyu samasya samayaallo pradhanamgaa saranalayaluga panichesi undavacchu. polanlu geez, poznan mariyu gnizno chuttoo unna maidaanaalalo sthirapaddaaru, ivi polland yokka prarambha kendramgaa marai mariyu deshaaniki tama paerunu icchaayi. vaaru 10va sataabdam modati ardhabhaagamlo praarambhamaina gord-rakam balavardhakamaina sthaavaraala vegavantamaina nirmaanam mariyu praadaesika vistarana kaalam gundaa vellaaru, mariyu 10va sataabdam rendava bhaagamlo vaari girijana rajakeeyaala nundi polish rashtram abhivruddhi chendindi.
unnata madhya yugaalu.
polish rashtram 10va sataabdam rendava bhaagamlo piast raajavamsaaniki chendina modati meesko paalanatho praarambhamavutundi. meesko 966loe paschima latin charchilo baptism pondaalani enchukunnadu. daani aavirbhavam taruvaata, polish deshaaniki janabhanu kraistava matamloki marchina, balamaina rajyaanni srushtinchi, polandnu european samskrutilo vileenam chesina paalakula shreni naayakatvam vahinchindi. meesko kumarudu modati bolesla crobry polish charchi praavinsnu sthaapinchi, praadaesika vijayaalanu konasaginchi, adhikarikamga pattabhishekam cheyabadi, polland yokka modati raaju ayyadu. dheeni taruvaata racharikam koolipoyindi mariyu modati kasimir aadhvaryamlo punaruddharana jarigindi. kasimir kumarudu rendava bolesla mataparamaina adhikaaramtho gharshanalo pranantakamga paalgoni desham nundi bahishkarinchabaddaadu. moodava bolesla deshaanni thana kumaarula madhya vibhajinchina taruvaata, antargata vichchinnam 12va mariyu 13va sataabdaalaloo prarambha piast raacharika nirmaanaanni naasanam chesindi. praantiiya piast dukelalo okaru baltic prashyan anyamathasthulatho pooraadataaniki sahayam cheyadaaniki tutonic nightsnu aahvaninchaaru, idhi nites thoo mariyu taruvaata german prashyan raajyamtho sataabdaala paatu polland yuddhaaniki kaaranamaindi. modati vladisla mocheti ettaina aadhvaryamlo rajyam punaruddharinchabadindi, athani kumarudu kasimir III dhi grate dwara balopetam cheyabadindi mariyu vistarinchabadindi. vibhajana taruvaata paschima praavinsulu sailesia mariyu pomerania kolpoyayi, mariyu polland thoorpuku vistarinchadam praarambhinchindi. 14va sataabdamloo ekikarana, anjevin raajavamsaaniki chendina iddaru sabhyula paalana taruvaata, tadupari kotta saktivantamaina polland raajyaaniki punaadi vesindi.
madhya yugaala chivaralo.
lithuvanian grand duke jogaila (vladisla II jaagiyelo) thoo praarambhinchi, jagiyallon raajavamsam (1385-1569) polish-lithuvanian unionnu erpaatu chesindi. eee bhagaswamyam vistaaramaina lithuvania-niyantrita russia praantaalanu polland prabhava rangamloki teesukuvacchindi mariyu taruvaati naalugu satabdaalugaa airopaloni atipedda raajakeeya samsthalalo okadaanilo sahajeevanam chesi sahakarinchina dhruvalu mariyu lithuvenianlaku prayojanakaramgaa niroopinchabadindi. baltic samudra praantamloo tutonic nites thoo polland poraatam konasaagindi mariyu raaju kasimir IV jagiyallon aadhvaryamlo mulla shanti mailuraayini kaligi undhi; eee oppandam bhavishyat duchy off prussianu srushtinchindi. dakshina polandlo ottoman saamrajyam mariyu crimean taatarlanu edurkonnaru, thoorpuna masco grand duchytho pooraadataaniki lithuveniaku sahayam chesaaru. pradhanamgaa vyavasaya aardhika vyavastha mariyu perugutunna aadhipatya bhuswamya prabhuvula bhaagamtho polland bhuswamya raajyamgaa abhivruddhi chendutondi. 1505loe polish sejm (paarlamentu) aamodinchina "nihil novi" chattam, saasana adhikaaramlo ekkuva bhaganni chakravarthy nundi sejmku badilee chesindi. eee sanghatana "bangaaru swechcha" anie piluvabade kaalaaniki prarambhanni suuchistumdi, eee samayamlo rashtraanni "svaechchaayutamaina mariyu samaanamaina" polish prabhuvulu paalinchaaru. protestant samskarana udyamaalu polish kraistava matamloki lothugaa chochukupoyayi, dheeni phalitamgaa aaa samayamlo airopalo mataparamaina sahanam yokka vidhanalu pratyekamainavi. european punarujjeevanodyama pravahalu chivari jagiyallon polland (raajulu sigismund I dhi old mariyu sigismund II augustus) loe apaaramaina saamskrutika pushpaalanu prerepinchaayi. polland mariyu lithuvania yokka praadaesika vistaranalo suduura uttara praantamaina livonia kooda undhi.
gamanikalu.
"aaa."vaari paerlu ippudu vividha vamsaalu mariyu pradaesaala madhya chellacheduruga unnappatikee, vaarini pradhanamgaa sclaveni mariyu antes anie pilustaaru". charless christopher miero, prinsetton university press 1908, university off kalgari web sait nundi
"bii."idhi alochthanic siddhaantam anie pilavabadedi; autochthanic siddhaantam prakaram dheeniki vyatiraekam nijam.

