
paatasaala thota

oka paatasaala thotalo, paatasaala pillalu puvvulu mariyu kuuragaayala thotalanu saagu cheyadaaniki siddhamavutaaru. paatasaala thota anedi saadhaarana paatasaala panula nundi vacchina perugudala. pillalanu talupula nundi bayataku teesukuraavadaaniki mariyu pustakaalaku dhooramgaa unchadaaniki idhi oka prayatnam. idhi paatasaala paniloo marinta saktini, teevratanu andinche aarogyakaramaina vaastavikata.
charitra.
vidyalo paatasaala thotala viluva airopalo chalakalamga gurtinchabadindi. avi 1819 lone schleswig-holsteinlo prarambhamayyayi. 1869loe austria mariyu sweedanlalo, 1873 nundi belgiumlo mariyu 1880 nundi fraanslo chattaprakaram ivi suuchimchabaddaayi. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo, austrialo 20,000 paatasaalalu, fraanslo 45,000, russialo 8,000 mariyu sweedanlo 2,500 thotalatho undevi. taruvaati desamlo eee sankhya okappudu prastuta sankhya kante rettimpu, conny manueval sikshana pravesapettinappati nundi taggindi. belgium, netherlands, british west indies mariyu selan yokka saadhaarana paatasaalala pillalaku paatasaala thotapani aacharanatmakamgaa tappanisari. aneka videshee prabhutvaalu paatasaala udyaanavanaalaku subsidy icchaayi, bahumatulu andinchaayi mariyu saadhaarana paatasaala pattabhadrulaku vyavasaya sikshananu tappanisari chesaayi.
paatasaala thotalu chethitho sikshana mariyu paarisraamika vidya yokka mottam amsamlo oka mukhyamaina amsamgaa suuchimchabaddaayi. idhi pillalaku thotaloni sadhanalu mariyu panimutlanu upayoginchadam, mattini siddham cheyadam mariyu mokkalanu jagrattagaa saagu cheyadam neerpinchadaaniki chethitho sikshana ichhe dasha. idhi bahiranga saareeraka sikshana, telivaina manasika prayatnamtho kalipi, daani prabhavalu shopping paniki samanamga untaayi.
carnell, illinais, ohiyo mariyu louisiana vanti united states looni konni vishwavidyaalayaalu paatasaala vyavasayam, graameena jeevitam mariyu shaastreeya vyavasayam vanti samasyanu teevramgaa sweekarinchaayi. paatasaala vyavasayam mariyu paatasaala thotalaloni mukhyamaina dasalato vyavaharinchae vyavasaya nipunulu karapatraalanu prachuristaaru, mukhyamgaa aabharanaala "vyavasaya vidya" (bulletin 368, yuu. ess. beuro off education).
paatyapranaalika paatra.
paatasaala-thotaku aneka paatasaala adhyayanaalatho mukhyamaina sambandham undhi. veetilo modatidi prakruti adhyayanam. pillalanu mokkala jeevitamto parichayam cheyadaaniki thotalo puvvulu mariyu kuuragaayalanu penchadam kante manchi maargam marokati ledhu. abbayilu mariyu ammayilu talupula nundi bayataku vacchi, mattini siddham chesi, vittanaalanu naatandi, mokkala perugudalanu gamaninchandi, vaatini season antataa saagu cheyandi, chivaraku pandla perugudala mariyu pandadaanni gamaninchandi. mokkala adhyayanamlo eee mottam perugudala mariyu maarpu chakram atyanta praathamika vishayam.
rendava sthaanamlo, bhougolika adhyayanamlo eee thotaku chaalaa mukhyamaina sthaanam undhi. inti bhougolikamlo prarambha taragatula taragatulalo pillalu thotalu sandarsinchi, saagu mariyu utpattula marketing prakriyalanu adhyayanam cheyali. ivi bhougolika saastramlo praathamika paataalu. eee vidhamgaa thotapani vyavasayam, shaastreeya vyavasayam mariyu pandla pempakaaniki daariteestundi. eee thota sahajamgaa vyavasayam, mokkajonna mariyu itara dhaanyaala pempakam, pasuvulaku aaharam, paadi parisrama mariyu venna tayari, pandla pempakam, berrylu, raathi pandlu, aapil mariyu baeri vanti vaatini suuchistumdi. shaastreeya vyavasayam mariyu pandla pempakam vittanaalanu jagrattagaa enchukovadam mariyu telivaina saagu, neelalanu phaladeekaranam mariyu samrakshinchadam, grafting, kattirimpu mariyu pandla chetlanu chusukovadam mariyu purugula tegullatho vyavaharinchadam vanti suutraalapai aadharapadi untaayi.
paatasaala thotaku soundarya shaastramtho mukhyamaina sambandham undhi. puula pempakam, prakruti drushya thotapani, chetla pempakam mariyu pandla pempakam andaanni aakarshistaayi. mottam yard mariyu thotanu kalisi natali mariyu ruchi mariyu aakarshana suutraalapai unchaali.
bahusha paatasaala thotaku atyanta mukhyamaina sambandham intiki untundi. baluru mariyu baalikalu paatasaala thota patla sarigga aasakti chuupinappudu, vaaru sahajamgaane tama sonta peratilo intlo thotanu penchaalani mariyu bahusha mundu praamganamloo puula padakalu mariyu chetlanu penchaalani korukuntaru. idhi inti avasaralu mariyu soukaryaalaku aneka vidhaluga samadhanam istundi. paatasaala thotalo eee aasakti peragadam valla, mottam pattanam daani yardulu mariyu thotalalo kotta roopaanni pondavacchu. andam mariyu upayogaalu militam cheyabaddaayi; inti table kuuragaayalatoe sarafara cheyabadutundi mariyu pillalu swayamgaa penche puvvula dwara andamgaa untundi.
thotanu saagu cheyadaaniki mottam season pranaalikalanu amalu cheyadam valla baaludu ledhaa ammayipai vidya prabhavam manchi sikshana yokka uttama utpattullo okati. mokkala saguku nirantara shraddha, mundastu aalochana, telivitaetalu, swaavalambana mariyu oka rakamaina vaastavikata avasaram; ibbandulanu edurkovali mariyu adhigaminchaali. keetakaalu mokkalanu prabhaavitam chestaayi mariyu vaatini tolaginchaali; kollu geeyadam mariyu thotanu paaducheyadam mariyu rakshana kosam kanche avasaram; podi neeti kosam kontha pranaalika avasaram; kalupu mokkalu twaragaa thotanu swaadheenam chesukuntaayi; mariyu atuvanti ibbandulanu edurkovadamlo pillavadu telivainavaadu mariyu alochanatmakamga undaali. idhi uttamamaina sikshana. kaneesam cheppalante, baaludini veedhullo adaviga paaripoyi anni rakaala allarlalo padatam kante idhi chaalaa manchidi.
desamloni anni praantaalalo unna mana pragatiseela saadhaarana paatasaalalu chaalaa varaku paatasaala-thotala samasyanu pillala kosam matrame kakunda upaadhyaayula kosam teesukuntunnaru. yuva upaadhyaayulu mottam samasyanu telusukovadaaniki krushi cheyadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaaru, tadwara vaaru taruvaata pillalaku thota panulalo maarganirdesam cheyavachu. baluru mariyu baalikala bhavishyat vidyalo paatasaala-thota mukhyamaina sthaanaanni aakramistundani spashtamavutundi.
paatasaala thotalu chaalaa samvatsaraalugaa unnaayi, ayithe avi kenadaalo prajaadarana pondutunnaayi. sains, saamaajika adhyayanalu, ganitam, kalalu, bhasha kalalu mariyu marinninti dwara paatasaala udyaanavanaalanu yea taragatiloonainaa paatyaamsaalatoo anusandhaaninchavacchu. idhi vidyaarthulaku pradaesamtoe anusandhaaninchabadina anubhootini kaligistundi mariyu sthala-aadhaarita abhyaasaaniki goppa udaaharana. vidyaarthula thotanu kaligi undatam anedi anubhavapurvaka abhyasam, idhi tallidandrulu, samaja bhaagaswaamulu mariyu samaajamlooni peddalanu bhaagaswaamulanu cheyadam dwara mottam paatasaala mariyu pedda samajanni kaligi untundi. idhi tarataraala madhya abhyaasaaniki avakaasaanni srushtistundi, ikkada vividha vayasula prajalu aaharaanni pandinchadaaniki mariyu sthiramaina paryaavaranam mariyu samajam kosam panicheyadaaniki kalisi raavacchu.
paatasaala thotala dwara vidyaarthulu bhoomipai pani cheyadam neerchukuntaaru mariyu palakura, bangaalaadumpalu, kaale mariyu bathaaneelu vanti aaharaanni pandinchagala aahara thotanu srushtistaaru. vidyaarthulu sthaanika aaharam gurinchi mariyu vaari vaataavaranamloo emi perugutundo telusukuntaaru. idhi aahaaramto sambandhaanni yerparachukovadaniki mariyu vaari aaharam ekkada nundi vastundi mariyu daanini penchadaaniki emi avasaramo daani gurinchi vidyaarthulanu alochinchela cheyadaaniki sahaayapadutundi. idhi vidyaarthulaloo merugaina poeshanhaku todpadutundi mariyu aarogyakaramaina aahaarampai paataalanu cherchagaladu. eee vaastava prapanchamlo, prayogaatmaka abhyasam vidyaarthulu mariyu paatasaalallo chaalaa prachuryam pondindi. paatasaala praamganamu taragati gadhi yokka podigimpu kaavacchu. idhi vidyaarthulanu sahaja prapanchamtho anusandhaanistundi mariyu graham yokka baadhyataayutamaina samrakshakulanu srushtinchadaaniki sahaayapadutundi. paatasaala thotalu chivariki vidyaarthulu, upaadhyaayulu, samajam, aaharam, prakruti mariyu susthirata madhya sambandhaalaku dohadam chestaayi.
vidyanu praarambhinchandi.
paatasaala thotalu kuuragaayala pempakaaniki minchi marinta sanklishtamaina paryaavarana muula vyavasthalanu ponduparachadaaniki utpatti cheyagalavu. varshapu neeti sekarana vyavasthalu, kaantivipeedana falakaalu, composting vyavasthalu, methane digesterlu, chinna illu mariyu itara vruttaakaara vyavasthalanu jodinchadam dwara, paatasaala thota oka balamaina vidya bhoomi prayogasaalagaa panicheyadam praarambhinchavacchu. aaharam, shakti, aasrayam, paarisuddhyam mariyu neeru annee saraina vruttaakaara vyavasthalu unna paatasaala thotalo erpaatu cheyavachu.
oka pedda vidya bhoomi prayogasaalalo paatasaala thota oka saktivantamaina kaandam bodhanaa bhaagam kaavacchu. paryaavarana shaastram, jeevasaastram, vyavasayam, indhana vyavasthalu, paaka kalalu, vaataavarana shaastram, naela shaastram mariyu pasusamvardhaka shaastram annee paatasaala thota bhuu prayogasaalalo paatyaamsaalaku minchina amsaalugaa panicheestaayi.