
archaeological survey off india

archaeological survey off india (asi) anedi puraavastu parisoedhana mariyu desamloni saamskrutika chaaritraka kattadaala parirakshana mariyu samrakshanaku baadhyata vahinche bhaarata prabhutva samstha. dheenini 1861loe alegzander cunningham sthaapinchaaru, ayana kooda daani modati director general ayyaru.
charitra.
asi 1861loe alegzander cunningham chetha sthaapinchabadindi, athanu daani modati director general kooda ayyadu. upakhandam yokka charitrapai modati kramabaddhamaina parisoedhananu asiatic society nirvahinchindi, dheenini british indologist vilium johns 1784 janavari 15naa sthaapinchaaru. kalkatta aadhaaramgaa, society puraatana samskrutam mariyu pertian grandhaala adhyayananni prothsahinchindi mariyu "asiatic researchs" anae vaarshika jarnalnu prachurinchindi. daani prarambha sabhyulalo charless wilkins pramukhudu, athanu 1785loe appati bengaul governor general warren hustings prothsaahamtho "bhagavadgeeta" yokka modati aangla anuvaadaanni prachurinchaadu. ayithe, 1837loe james princep dwara brahmi lipini ardham chesukovadam samajam saadhinchina vijayalalo atyanta mukhyamainadi. eee vijayavantamaina ardhavivarana aastini praarambhinchindi.
asi yokka nirmaanam.
james princep yokka samrakshakudu ayina alegzander cunningham, brahmi parignaanamtho aayudhalu kaligi, ardha sataabdaaniki paiga konasagina bouddha smaaraka chihnala yokka vivaranaatmaka sarvenu nirvahinchaadu. italian sainika adhikari, zeane-baptist ventura vanti prarambha autsaahika puraavastu saastravettalache prerana pondina cunningham bharatadesam yokka vedalpu, podavu mariyu vedalpu venta "sthuupaalu" tavvaaru. thana prarambha tavvakaalalo chaalaa vatiki swayamgaa kunningham nidhulu samakuurchinappatikii, deerghakaalamlo, puraavastu tavvakaalanu paryaveekshinchadaaniki mariyu bharatiya smaaraka chihnala parirakshanaku shaashwata samstha avasaramani grahinchi, bhaaratadesamlo thana sthaayini mariyu prabhavanni puraavastu survey kosam lobbying cheyadaaniki upayoginchaadu. 1848loe ayana chesina prayatnam vijayavantam kaanappatikee, 1861loe modati puraavastu sarveyargaa cunning haam thoo lard canning chattamgaa aamodinchina saasanam dwara archaeological survey off india erpadindi. 1865 mariyu 1871 madhya nidhula korata kaaranamgaa sarvenu kontakaalam nilipivesaaru, conny appati vaisray off india lard laurence chetha punaruddharinchabadindi. 1871loe, sarvenu pratyeka vibhagamga punaruddharinchaaru mariyu cunninghamnu daani modati director generalga niyaminchaaru.
1885-1901.
1885loe cunningham padavee viramana chesi, james burgess director generalga baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru. burgess "bharatiya puraatana" (1872) anae vaarshika patrikanu mariyu "bharatiya puraatana" kuu anubandhamgaa vaarshika silaasaasana prachurana "epigraphia indika" (1882) nuu praarambhinchindi. nidhula korata kaaranamgaa 1889loe director general padavini saasvatamgaa nilipivesaaru, 1902 varaku punaruddharinchaledu. madhyantara kaalamlo, vividha sarkillalo parirakshana panulanu vyaktigata circle superintendentlu nirvahinchaaru.
"buck sankshobham" (1888-1898).
1888 nundi prabhutva kharchulanu tagginchadam, mariyu liberal edward buck taruvaata "buck sankshobham" anie piluvabade sumaru padeella kaalaaniki chendina bhaarata puraavastu survey budgetnu tagginchadam lakshyamgaa teevramaina lobbying praarambhinchindi. phalitamgaa, idhi alys anton furer vanti, oka kutumbaanni praarambhinchi tandri ayina isi udyogula udyogaanni teevramgaa bedirinchindi.
1892loe, edward buck, prabhutva budjetku podupunu utpatti cheyadaaniki, archaeological survey off india moosiveyabadutundani, 1895 natiki anni asi sibbandini tolagistaamani prakatinchaaru. udaaharanaku, vachhe moodu samvatsaraalalo oka adbhutamaina puraavastu aavishkarana matrame praja abhiprayanni maarchagaladani mariyu asea yokka nidhulanu aadaa cheyagaladani ardham chesukunnaru.
1895 marchi nelaloo nigali sagar saasanam kanugonadamtho goppa "aavishkaranalu" jarigaayi, idhi "buck sankshobhaanni" antam cheyadamlo vijayam saadhinchindi, chivaraku juun 1895loe ASI karyakalapalanu konasaaginchadaaniki anumatinchabadindi, prati samvatsaram vijayavantamaina travvakaala aadhaaramgaa vaarshika aamodaaniki lobadi. georg buhler, 1895 joolailo "raayal asiatic society journal" loe vraastuu, archaeological survey off india parirakshana kosam vaadinchadam konasaaginchaaru, mariyu ashokan puurva kaalam nundi "kotta praamaanikamaina patraalu" avasaramani, avi "bhoogarbhamlo matrame kanipistaayi" anie vyaktam chesaaru.
maroe mukhyamaina aavishkarana 1896loe jarigindi, lumbini stambham saasanam, alois anton furer kanugonna ashoka stambhampai oka pradhana saasanam. saasanam, itara aadhaaraalatho kalisi, lumbini buddhuni janmasthalamgaa dhruveekarinchindi.
1898loe furer mukham teravabadinappudu samstha kadilindi, mariyu athani parisoedhanala gurinchi mosapurita nivedikalanu daakhalu chesinatlu kanugonabadindi. thana puraavastu prachuranalu mariyu prabhutvaaniki thana nivedika gurinchi smith edurkonnappudu, furer "daanilooni prati prakatana [nivedika] puurtigaa abaddham anie angeekarinchavalasi vachindi."bhaarata prabhutvam nundi adhikaarika suuchanala prakaram, furer thana sthaanaala nundi vimukti pondaadu, athani patraalanu swaadheenam chesukunnadu mariyu athani karyalayalanu 1898 september 22naa vincent orther smith tanikhi chesaadu. furer 1897loe nigali sagar mariyu lumbini loe thana aavishkaranalapai oka monograph raasaaru," "nepaul taraayilo buddha saakyamuni janmasthalampai monograph", "idhi prabhutvam chelaamani nundi upasamharinchukundi". furer tolaginchabadi airopaku tirigi vacchaadu.
1901-1947.
1902loe director general padavini lard karjan punaruddharinchaaru. sampradaayaanni ullanghinchi, karjan sarveku naayakatvam vahinchadaaniki cambridgelo shaastreeya adhyayanala 26 yella professor zaan maarshalnu enchukunnaaru. marshal paavu sataabdam paatu director generalga panicheesaaru, thana sudeergha padaveekaalamlo, ayana sarvenu tirigi nimpaaru, punaruddharinchaaru, dheeni karyakalapalu vaegamgaa chinnaviga ksheeninchaayi. marshal prabhutva silaasaasana nipunudi padavini sthaapinchi, silaasaasana adhyayanalanu prothsahinchaaru. ayithe, 1921loe harappa mariyu mohenjodaro vadda indus loya nagarikata aavishkarana athani padaveekaalamlo atyanta mukhyamaina sanghatana. marshal padaveekaalamlo saadhinchina purogati saatilenidigaa undela chesina aavishkaranala vijayam mariyu sthaayi nirdharinchaayi. marshal taruvaata 1928loe harrold hergreaves vijayam saadhinchaaru. hergreaves taruvaata dayaa raam saahni vijayam saadhinchaaru.
saahni taruvaata zhe. eff. blockiston mariyu keey. enn. harappa mariyu mohenjodarolo jarigina tavvakaallo iddaroo palgonnaru. 1944loe, british puraavastu shaastravetta mariyu armi adhikari, mortimer wheeler director generalga baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru. 1948 varaku director generalga panichesina wheeler, eee kaalamlo ayana dakshina bharatadesamloni arikamedu inupa yugam mariyu brahmagiri, chandravalli, maski raathi yugam pradaesaalanu tavvaaru. wheeler 1946loe "puraatana bharatadesam" anae patrikanu sthaapinchindi mariyu bharatadesa vibhajana samayamlo asi aastula vibhajanaku adhyakshata vahinchindi mariyu kottagaa erpadina pakistan kosam puraavastu samsthanu sthaapinchadaaniki sahaayapadindi.
1947-2019.
wheeler taruvaata enn vachindi. pii. 1948loe chakravarthilo. united kingdamlo bharatiya pradarsanalo pradarsinchina kalakhandalanu unchadaaniki 1949 augustu 15naa kotta dhilleelo jaateeya museum praarambhinchabadindi.
chakravartula taruvaata madho saroop vatslu, amalananda ghosh vijayam saadhinchaaru. 1968 varaku konasagina ghosh padaveekaalam kalibangan, lothal mariyu dholavira vadda indus loya pradaesaala tavvakaalaku prasiddhi chendindi. puraatana smaaraka chihnalu mariyu puraavastu pradaesaalu mariyu avasheshaala chattam" 1958loe saamskrutika mantritva saakha aadhvaryamlo puraavastu sarvenu teesukuvacchindi. ghosh taruvaata bii.bii. babri maseeduku mundu ramalayam undaa anie daryaaptu cheyadaaniki ayodhyalo puraavastu tavvakaalu nirvahinchina laal. laal padaveekaalamlo, "jaateeya praamukhyata kaliginavi" gaa pariganinchabade smaaraka chihnalaku kendra rakshananu sifaarsu chestu "puraatana vastuvulu mariyu kalala nidhi chattam" (1972) aamodinchabadindi. laal taruvaata emm. enn. 1972 nundi 1978 varaku panichesina deshpande mariyu bii. keey. 1978 nundi 1981 varaku panichesina thopper. 1981loe thopper padavee viramana chesina taruvaata, puraavastu shaastravetta debala mitraanu athani taruvaata niyaminchaaru-aame aasiki modati mahilaa director general. mitra taruvaata emm. ess. karnataka rashtra puraavastu saakha nundi badilee cheyabadina nagarajarao. puraavastu saastravettalu zhe. pii. joshi mariyu emm. sii. joshi raavulo vijayam saadhinchaadu. emm. sii. 1992loe babri maseedu koolchiveta jariginappudu joshi director generalga unnaaru, idhi bharatadesam antataa hinduu-muslim himsanu prerepinchindi. koolchiveta phalitamgaa, 1993loe joshini tolaginchi, vivadaspadamga director generalga bharatiya paripalana seva (ias) adhikari achala moulik chetha bharti chesaaru, eee charya puraavastu saastravettalaku badulugaa ias yokka bureaucratlanu sarveku naayakatvam vahinche sampradaayaanni praarambhinchindi. eee sampradaayam chivaraku 2010loe oka puraavastu shaastravetta ayina gautam sengupta sthaanamlo keey.emm srivastava director generalga ias adhikari. ayana taruvaata maroe ias adhikari ayina pravin srivastava tirigi adhikaaramloki vacchaaru. srivastava varasudu rakesh tiwari kooda oka vruttiparamaina puraavastu shaastravetta. ayana varasudu usha sharma kooda oka ias adhikari mariyu aame varasudu vidyaavati, ayana prastuta digi, alaage ias adhikari kooda.
samstha.
archaeological survey off india anedi saamskrutika mantritva saakhaku anubandha karyalayam. 1958 naati amasr chattam nibandhanala prakaram, ASI 3650 kante ekkuva puraatana smaaraka chihnalu, puraavastu pradaesaalu mariyu jaateeya praamukhyata kaligina avasheshaalanu nirvahistundi. veetilo devalayalu, maseedulu, charchilu, samadhulu mariyu samaadhula nundi rajabhavanalu, kotalu, metla baavulu mariyu raathi-chekkina guhalu varaku pratidee undavacchu. eee survey puraatana dibbalu mariyu puraatana nivaasa avasheshaalanu soochinche itara saaruupya pradaesaalanu kooda nirvahistundi.
asiki director general naayakatvam vahistaaru, aayanaku adanapu director general, iddaru joint director general mariyu 17 mandhi directorlu sahayam chestaaru.
vruttaalu.
eee ausis nii oka superintending puraavastu shaastravetta netrutvamloni mottam 34 vruttaalugaa vibhajinchaaru. prati vruttam upa vruttaalugaa vibhajinchabadindi. asea yokka vruttaalu
dhhillee, leh mariyu humpy vadda moodu "chinna vruttaalu" kooda nirvahistundi.
director general.
eee sarvelo ippativaraku 29 mandhi director general unnaaru. daani vyavasthaapakudu alegzander cunningham 1861 mariyu 1865 madhya puraavastu sarveyargaa panicheesaaru.
museumlu.
bharatadesapu mottamodati museumnu kalakatta looni asiatic society sthaapinchindi. 
(ippudu kolkata) 1814loe. daani sekaranalo ekkuva bhaagam 1866loe nagaramlo sthaapinchabadina bharatiya museumku badilee cheyabadindi. puraavastu survey daani moodava director general zaan marshal padaveekaalam varaku daani swantha museumlanu nirvahinchaledu. ayana saranath (1904), agra (1906), azmeer (1908), dhhillee koota (1909), bijapur (1912), nalanda (1917) mariyu saanchi (1919) loe vividha museumla sthaapananu praarambhinchaaru. asea museumlu saampradayakamgaa vaari inventorylu anubandhinchabadina pradaesaala pakkana unnaayi, tadwara vaatini vaati sahaja parisaraala madhya adhyayanam cheyavachu mariyu ravana cheyadam dwara drushtini kolpokunda undagalavu.
1946loe mortimer wheeler dwara pratyeka museumla saakhanu sthaapinchaaru, idhi ippudu desavyaaptamgaa vistarinchi unna mottam 50 museumlanu nirvahistondi.
library.
asea puraavastu saakha, kotta dhilleelooni mandi house, tilak maarglooni bhaarata puraavastu survey pradhana karyalaya bhavanamlo kendra puraavastu grandhaalayaanni nirvahistundi. 1902loe sthaapinchabadina daani sekarana sankhya 100,000 kante ekkuva pustakaalu mariyu journals. eee grandhaalayamlo arudaina pustakaalu, falakaalu mariyu asalu rekhaachitraalu kooda unnaayi.
sthaanika vidyaavaettalu mariyu parisoedhakula avasaralanu teerchadaaniki eee survey adanamgaa daani prati sarkillo oka libraryni nirvahistundi.
prachuranalu.
survey yokka rojuvaaree pani aavartana bulletinlu mariyu nivedikala shrenilo prachurinchabadindi. ASI prachurinchina patrikalu mariyu puraavastu shrenulu
rashtra prabhutva puraavastu vibhagalu.
asiato paatu, bhaaratadesamlo puraavastu panulu mariyu smaaraka chihnala parirakshana kooda konni rashtraallo rashtra prabhutva puraavastu vibhagala dwara nirvahinchabadutunnaayi. eee samsthalalo chaalaa varaku swaatantryaaniki mundu vividha samsthaanaalachae sthaapinchabaddaayi. swaatantryam taruvaata eee rashtraalu bhaaratadaesamtoe vileenam cheyabadinappudu, eee raashtraala vyaktigata puraavastu vibhagalu asiato vileenam kaaledu. badulugaa, vaaru swatantra samsthalugaa panicheyadaaniki anumatinchabaddaaru.
vimarsha.
2013loe, controller und auditor general (kaag) nivedika prakaram desavyaaptamgaa chaaritraka praamukhyata kaligina kaneesam 92 kendra rakshita smaaraka chihnalu jaada lekunda adrusyamayyaayi. kaag bhouthikamgaa 45 saatam nirmaanaalanu matrame dhruveekarinchagaligindi (3,678 loe 1,655). daani rakshanalo unna smaaraka chihnala khachitamaina sankhyapai viswasaneeya samacharam ledani kaag nivedika perkondi. prati rakshita smaaraka chihnam yokka aavartana tanikheeni tagina sthaayi adhikari cheyaalani kaag sifaarsu chesindi. saamskrutika mantritva saakha eee pratipaadananu aamodinchindi. rachayita mariyu ii. ii. pii. emm. director arindam chauduri matladutu, desamloni museumlu mariyu smaaraka chihnalanu rakshinchalekapoyinanduna, vaatini praivaetu companylu ledhaa prabhutva-private-bhaagaswaamya (ppp) namuunaa dwara vruttiparamgaa nirvahinchaalani annaru.
taaz mahal prapancha vaarasatva pradaesaanni nirvahinchadamlo asi thana kartavyaanni sarigga nirvartinchadam ledani, daanini rakshinchadaaniki mariyu samrakshinchadaaniki vaerae agencyki baadhyata ivvala vadda anie pariseelinchaalani bhaarata prabhutvaanni mae 2018loe bhaarata supreenkortu korindi.
prajaadarana pondina samskrutilo.
suneel gangopadhyay yokka prasiddha kakababu siriislooni kaalpanika paatra kakababu, archaeological survey off india maajee darsakudu.