
samakaaleekarana anuvartanaallo pattukondi

rendu swatantra gadiyaralu, okasari samakaaleekarinchina tarvaata, okadaanikokati parimiti lekunda dhooramgaa nadustaayi. vaatini adhe samayamlo pradarsinchadaaniki, vaatini kramam tappakunda tirigi samakaaleekarinchadam avasaram. samakaaleekaranala madhya kaalanni holdover anie pilustaaru mariyu holdover kinda paniteeru reference ausilator yokka naanhyata, pll design mariyu upayoginchina diddubaatu yantraamgaalapai aadharapadi untundi.
praamukhyata.
paina perkonna coat synchronisation applicationlalo holdovernu backup power meeda nadustunnatlugaa bhaavinchavacchani suuchistumdi.
aadhunika wireless communication vyavasthalaku sarigga panicheyadaaniki kaneesam frequency parignaanam mariyu tarachugaa dasha parignaanam avasaram. bays stationlu samayam emito telusukovali, mariyu vaaru saadhaaranamgaa bayati prapancham nundi eee gnaanaanni pondutaaru (gps samayam mariyu frequency receiver nundi, ledhaa vaaru anusandhaaninchabadina networklo ekkado oka samakaaleekarana muulam nundi).
conny referenceku connection poyinatlayithe, adhi yea samayam anie nirnayinchadaaniki bays station daani swantamgaa untundi. bays stationku antargata (ledhaa sthaanika) vanarulanu upayoginchi khachitamaina pounahpunyam mariyu dasanu (idhi yea samayam anie telusukovadaaniki) sthaapinchadaaniki oka maargam avasaram, mariyu akkade holdover yokka paniteeru mukhyamainadi avutundi.
gps-utpanna samayam yokka praamukhyata.
wireless basestationlalo samakaaleekarananu andinchadam anedi telecommunicationlalo gps kosam oka mukhya anuvartanam. bays stationlu sarigga panicheyadaaniki samayampai aadharapadi untaayi, mukhyamgaa viniyogadaaru oka sell nundi maroka sell kii vellinappudu jarige handoff kosam. eee anuvartanaallo gps andubaatulo lenappudu nirantara karyakalapalanu nirdhaarinchadaaniki mariyu atyavasara marammatulato anubandhinchabadina kharchulanu tagginchadaaniki bays stationlalo holdover upayoginchabadutundi, endukante holdover soukaryavantamaina samayamlo nirvahananu nirvahinchagalige varaku sait sarigga panicheyadaaniki anumatistundi.
konni atyanta kathinamaina avasaralu kotta taram wireless bays stationla nundi vastaayi, ikkada saraina operation kosam 1 micro kante takkuva dasha khachitatva lakshyalanu nirvahinchaalsina avasaram undhi. ayithe khachitamaina samayapalana avasaram wireless communication vyavasthalatho paatu wireline charitralo antarbhaagamgaa undhi, mariyu takkuva kharchutho pootii padataniki cdma avasaram valla nammadagina mariyu kharchutho koodukunna samaya parishkarala kosam anveshana prerepinchabadindani soochinchabadindi.
bays station lopala, praamaanika vidhulatho paatu, khachitamaina samayam mariyu holdover dwara nirvahinchadaaniki margalu e911 vanti sevalaku chaalaa mukhyamainavi.
samaya vanarugaa gps anedi telecommunicationlalo samakaaleekaranalo matrame kakunda, saadhaaranamgaa klishtamaina moulika sadupaayaalaku keelaka bhaagam. 18 klishtamaina vanarulu mariyu keelaka moulika sadupayala (sii. ii. sii. aarr) rangaalalo, 15 sarigga panicheyadaaniki gps nundi pondina samayanni upayogistaayi. atyanta khachitamaina samaya khachitatvam (mariyu daanini holdover dwara nirvahinchadaaniki margalu) praamukhyata kaligina oka mukhyamaina anuvartanam vidyut parisramalo line faltsnu gurtinchadaaniki synchrophoserlanu upayoginchadam. marokati muuladhana marketlalo takkuva jaapyam trading anuvartanaalalo undhi.
gps-utpanna samayam elaa viphalamavutundi.
gps jaam cheyadam mariyu jokyaniki sunnitamgaa untundi endukante signal sthaayilu chaalaa takkuvagaa untaayi mariyu itara vanarula dwara sulabhamgaa chittadigaa cheyavachu, avi pramaadavasaattu ledhaa uddeshapoorvakamgaa kaavacchu. gps line off sait signals meeda aadharapadi untundi kabatti, pattana loya prabhaavaala valla idhi antaraayam kaliginchavacchu, udaaharanaku, rojuloni konni samayaallo konni pradaesaalaku matrame gps andubaatulo untundi.
ayithe gps antaraayam anedi praarambhamlo samasya kaadu, endukante gadiyaralu nilupudalaku vellavacchu, idhi nilupudalanu andinche ausilator yokka sthirathvam anumatinchinanta varaku jokyanni tagginchadaaniki anumatistundi. ausilator entha sthiramgaa unte, vyavastha gps lekunda ekkuva kaalam panicheyagaladu.
holdovernu nirvachinchandi.
telecommunications applicationlalo synchronisationlo holdovernu eetsee ilaa nirvachistundihi
gadiyaram yokka nirvahana paristhiti, daani niyantrana inputnu kolpoyi, lock operationlo unnappudu sekarinchina nilva chesina daetaanu daani avutputnu niyantrinchadaaniki upayogistondi. nilva chesina dayta dasha mariyu frequency vaividhyaalanu niyantrinchadaaniki upayoginchabadutundi, lock cheyabadina paristhitini specificationla lopala punarutpatti cheyadaaniki anumatistundi. gadiyarapu avtput ikapai anusandhaaninchabadina bahya suuchana yokka prabhavanni ledhaa daani nundi parivartananu pratibimbimchanappudu holdover praarambhamavutundi. gadiyaram yokka avtput lock mode sthithiki tirigi vachinappudu holdover mugustundi.
edainaa lopaalanu saricheyadaaniki bahya suuchananu niyantrinchanappudu gadiyaram dwara pondina khachitatvam ledhaa lopam yokka kolatagaa okaru appudu pattukondi anie pariganinchavacchu.
mill-prf-55310 gadiyara khachitatvanni ilaa nirvachistundihi
suutram _ 1
ikkada suutram _ 2 anedi suutram _ 3 vadda samakaaleekarana lopam; suutram _ 4 anedi poolika kinda rendu gadiyarala madhya bhinnamaina pounahpunya vyatyaasam; suutram _ 5 anedi yaadruchchika sabdam kaaranamgaa lopam; suutram _ 6 anedi suutram _ 8 vadda suutram _ 4; suutram _ 9 anedi sarala vruddhaapya raetu mariyu suutram _ 10 anedi paryaavarana prabhaavaala kaaranamgaa pounahpunya vyatyaasam.
adevidhamgaa idhi g.810 samaya lopaanni ilaa nirvachistundihi
suutram _ 11
ikkada suutram _ 12 anedi samaya lopam; suutram _ 13 anedi suutram _ 8 vadda samaya lopam; suutram _ 15 anedi suutram _ 8 vadda bhinnamaina pounahpunya lopam; suutram _ 17 anedi sarala bhinnamaina pounahpunya chalanam raetu; suutram _ 18 anedi yaadruchchika dasha vichalanam bhaagam mariyu suutram _ 19 anedi naamamaatrapu pounahpunyam.
amalu nilipiveyadam.
samakaaleekarana avasaramayye anuvartanaallo (wireless bays stationlu vantivi) gps gadiyaralanu tarachugaa upayogistaaru mariyu eee sandarbhamlo tarachugaa gpsdo (gps kramasikshana ausilator) ledhaa gps tfs (gps samayam mariyu frequency muulam) anie pilustaaru.
nist kramasikshana gala aasilaetarnu ilaa nirvachistundihi
"bahya suuchanatoe ekibhavinchadaniki avtput frequencini nirantaram nadipinche ausilator (tarachugaa faze lock loop vadakam dwara). udaaharanaku, gps kramasikshana gala ausilator (gpsdo) loe saadhaaranamgaa quartz ledhaa rubedium ausilator untundi, dheeni avtput frequency gps upagrahaala dwara prasaram cheyabadina sanketaalato angeekarinchadaaniki nirantaram nadipinchabadutundi."
gpsdolo gps ledhaa gns signalnu antargata aasilaetarnu nadipinche bahya suuchanagaa upayogistaaru. aadhunika gpsdolo gps prosessing mariyu steering function rendoo microprocessorlo amalu cheyabadataayi, gps reference signal mariyu ausilator avtput madhya pratyaksha polikanu anumatistundi.
gps samayam mariyu frequency parishkaram yokka building blacklalo ausilator oka mukhya bhaagam mariyu saadhaaranamgaa avi oven niyantrita christal ausilator (okso) ledhaa rubedium aadhaarita gadiyaram chuttoo nirminchabadataayi. reference ausilator yokka naanhyatanu prabhaavitam chese pradhana karakalu vruddhaapyam mariyu ushnograta sthirathvam anie teesukobadataayi. ayithe, ausilator nirmaanaanni batti, barometric peedanam mariyu saapeksha aardrata quartz ausilator yokka sthirathvampai kaneesam balamaina prabhavanni chuupavachchu. tarachugaa "yaadruchchika nadaka" asthirata anie pilavabadedi vaastavaaniki paryaavarana paaraamitula yokka nirnayaatmaka prabhavam. quartz ausilatorla paniteerunu chaalaa varaku meruguparachadaaniki veetini kolavavacchu mariyu namuunaa cheyavachu. reference aasiletarku microprocessornu jodinchadam valla ushnograta sthirathvam merugupadutundi mariyu vruddhaapyam mariyu ushnograta asthirata valla kalige edainaa migilina gadiyara lopam samayamlo vruddhaapya paniteerunu niyantrana yantraamgaala dwara saricheyavachhu. quartz aadhaarita reference ausilator (okso vantivi) mariyu aadhunika diddubaatu algorithamla kalayika holdover anuvartanaallo manchi phalitaalanu pondavacchu.
appudu holdover samardhyam uchita nadustunna sthaanika ausilator ledhaa daani gatha paniteeru gurinchi gnaanaanni nilupukunna softwaretho nadipinche sthaanika ausilator dwara andinchabadutundi. atuvanti prayatnam yokka mottamodati documentation 1968loe appati jaateeya pramaanaala beuro nundi vachindi [allon, phay, maclan mariyu barnes, "computer anukarana dwara roopondinchina ultra khachitamaina time synchronisation system", frequency], ikkada baall-disk integratorsto kuudina analog computer oka ausilator yokka vruddhaapyaanni saricheyadaaniki moodava arder controll loopnu amalu chesindi. eee bhavana yokka modati microprocessor amalu 1983loe jarigindi [borke, penroad, "microprocessor niyantrita kramasikshanhatho kuudina frequency pramaanam yokka vislaeshanha", frequency controll symposium] ikkada loran-sii prasaralu telecommunications wireline network samakaaleekaranalo seesiyam pratyamnaayamgaa chaalaa adhika naanhyata gala quartz aasiletarlanu kramasikshana cheyadaaniki upayoginchabaddaayi. steering mechanism yokka praathamika lakshyam gadiyaram ledhaa ausilator yokka sthirathvaanni meruguparachadam, adhe samayamlo daaniki kramaankanam avasaramayye samayanni tagginchadam. bhavishyattulo pravartinche vidhananni anchanaa vaeyadaaniki mariyu saricheyadaaniki okso yokka neerchukunna pravartana upayoginchabadutundi. samarthavanthamaina vruddhaapyam mariyu ushnograta pariharanni atuvanti yantraangam dwara andinchavacchu mariyu system designer eee diddubaatu cheyadaaniki extrapolation, interpolation mariyu predictive filterlatho (kalman filterlatho sahaa) sahaa algorithamlu mariyu paddhatula kosam aneka empikalanu edurkontaadu.
vruddhaapyam mariyu paryaavarana prabhaavaala addamkulu tolaginchabadina tarvaata atuvanti gpsdolo paniteerunu nilipiveyadaaniki unna ekaika saiddhaantika parimiti drift retulo kramaraahityam ledhaa sabdam, idhi allon vichalanam ledhaa samaya vichalanam vanti metriknu upayoginchi parimaanam cheyabadutundi.
vruddhaapyam mariyu ushnograta sthirathvam vanti kramabaddhamaina prabhaavaala kaaranamgaa holdoverpy prabhavalanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki prayatninche sanklishtata mariyu yaadruchchika nadaka sabdam vanti yaadruchchika prabhaavaala phalitamgaa marketlo tailor-maid "holdover ausilator" parishkaralu pravesapettabaddaayi.