
rasayana bhaswaram tolagimpu

rasayana bhaswaram tolagimpu anedi muruguneeti suddhi paddhati, ikkada aluminium lavanaalanu upayoginchi bhaswaram tolaginchabadutundi (udhaa.zii. alume ledhaa polyaluminium chloride), inumu (udhaa.zii. ferrick chloride), ledhaa calcium (udhaa.zii. sunnam). fasfate roopaalu loha ayaanlatho avakshepam chendutaayi mariyu vibhajana unitloni buradatho (avakshepana tank, floatation tank modalainavi) kalisi tolaginchabadutundi.).
sarassulalo bhaswaram parimaanaanni tagginchadaaniki aluminium sulfate chikitsa.
eutrofication nivaaranaku oka paddhati aluminium sulfate yokka anuvartanam, idhi saadhaaranamgaa taguneeti chikitsa yokka gaddakatte prakriyaloo upayoginche uppu. aluminium sulfate ledhaa saadhaaranamgaa soochinche "alume", bhaswaram bharanni tagginchadam dwara sarassu nirvahanaku samarthavanthamaina saadhanamgaa kanugonabadindi.
1968loe sweedanlooni oka sarassulo alamnu modatisaarigaa upayoginchaaru. 1970loe american sarassuku daani modati application taruvaata. nedu, alam merugaina prabhavam mariyu avagaahanato upayoginchabadindi. pedda ettuna chesina adhyayanamlo, bhaswaram taggimpuloo alume prabhavam kosam 114 sarassulanu paryaveekshinchaaru. anni sarassulalo, alam 11 samvatsaraala paatu bhaaswaramnu samarthavantamgaa tagginchindi. deerghaayuvulo vaividhyam unnappatikee, (21 samvatsaraalu lothaina sarassulalo mariyu 5.7 samvatsaraalu lotuleni sarassulalo), sarassulalo bhaaswaramnu niyantrinchadamlo alume yokka prabhavanni phalitaalu vyaktam chestaayi.
yantraangam.
aluminium sulfate uppunu neeti vanaruku jodinchadamtho alume chikitsa praarambhamavutundi. okasari jodinchina tarvaata, uppu karigi vidipotundi, neetiki aall (III) ayaanlanu parichayam chestundi. aluminium ayanlu jalavisleshana praticharyala shrenilo palgontayi, ivi pihech shrenulalo vividha aluminium jaatulanu yerparustaayi. aluminium sulfate ekkuva kalipinappudu, neeti peehech taggutundi. adhika pH vadda, karige jaatulu al (oh) 4− unnaayi. tatastha pihech shrenulalo (6-8), karagani aluminium hydroxide (all (oh) 3) sambhavistundi. ph marinta taggutunna koddi, all (III) ayan untundi.
neeti nundi bhaswaram tolaginchadaaniki saraina pihech nirvahinchadam mukhyam. karagani aluminium hydroxide unnappudu tatastha pihech paridhiloo bhaswaram atyanta samarthavantamgaa tolaginchabadutundi. eee hydroxide levis aamlam vale panichestundi, idhi sampradaaya muruguneeti suddhi maadirigaane floculation vaataavaranaanni srushtistundi. karagani all (oh) 3 flock bhaswaram, alaage itara jaatulanu grahinchi, vaatini neeti niluvu nundi tolagistundi. flock adhishoshanam konasagutunna koddi, flock peddadigaa maari, chivariki avakshepanaloni neeti niluvu varusa diguva bhaagamlo sthirapadutundi. phalitamgaa sarassu diguva bhaganni kappi unche aluminium hydroxide pora adanamgaa avakshepana nundi neeti niluvu varusaloki bhaswaram vyaaptini nirodhistundi, idhi antargatamgaa load cheyabadina bhaaswaramnu marinta niyantristundi.
amalu.
chaalaa alume chikitsala kosam, aluminium sulfate uppunu sarassu diguvana, hypolymnian lopala uparitalaaniki vartimpajestaaru. eee sarassu avakshepaala nundi vidudalayye bhaaswaramnu nishkriyam cheyadam dwara phosphorus sthaayilanu taggistundi, tadwara mottam neeti niluvu varusalo bhaaswaramnu niyantristundi. sarassu avakshepaala nundi sarafara cheyabadina eee bhaaswaramnu "antargatamgaa load cheyabadina" bhaswaram anie pilustaaru, sarassu velupala vanarulu sarafara chese "baahyamgaa load cheyabadina" bhaswaranku viruddhamgaa, pravaham vantivi.
alam saadhaaranamgaa hypolymnianku vartimpajesinappatiki, sarassu lopala bhaswaram vishwavyaaptamgaa taggutundi, idhi epinimniyanku ledhaa sthaanikamgaa muulaalanu suuchimchadaaniki kooda vartinchavachhu. eee shaili alume chikitsa sampradaaya neeti chikitsalo alume vadakanni pooli untundi, mariyu hypolymnianku alumnu saarvatrikamgaa upayoginchadam kante baahyamgaa load cheyabadina bhaaswaramnu tagginchadamlo marinta prabhaavavantamgaa untundi. epinemonianku aplai chesinappudu, aluminium sulfatenu mosukelle sarassupai avtboard motarutho nadiche padavalanu moharistaaru. avasaramaina motaadu mariyu application yokka sthaanaanni nirnayinchina taruvaata, aluminium sulfatenu avtboard motaru nepathyamlo sarassu uparitalaaniki jodistaaru. idhi epilimnion lopala aluminium sulfate yokka taginanta misramaanni andistundi.
alume yokka avasaramaina motaadu vividha paaraamitula dwara nirnayinchabadutundi. pihech loe maarpulu, karigina oxygen sthaayilu, sarassu avakshepanalo loha padaartham mariyu sarassu parimaanam annee parigananaloki teesukovadam chaalaa mukhyam. alam motaadunu saastravettalu mariyu injaneerlu prabhavanni penchadaaniki lekkistaaru.
parimitulu.
lothaina sarassulalo, alaage gananeeyamaina bahya bhaswaram load unna sarassulalo alam chikitsa takkuva prabhaavavantamgaa untundi. lothaina sarassulalo, bhaswaram yokka nishkriyaatmakata mottam neeti niluvu varusa antataa vyaapinchadu, endukante idhi aluminium hydroxidenu hypolymnianku sthaanikeekarinchadam valla lotuleni sarassulalo untundi. antekakunda, baahyamgaa load cheyabadina bhaswaram tarachugaa sarassu uparitalam nundi nemmadigaa krindiki vyaapistundi, hypolymnian lopala aluminium hydroxidetho daani paraspara charyanu parimitam chestundi mariyu neeti niluvu varusalo bhaswaram ekkuva perukupovadaniki veelu kalpistundi. anduvalla, pradhanamgaa antargatamgaa load cheyabadina bhaswaram kaligina nissara sarassulaku alam treatment atyanta samarthavantamgaa vartinchabadutundi. oka minahaayimpu emitante, baahyamgaa load cheyabadina bhaswaram yokka point vanarulu, veetini muulaaniki aluminium sulfatenu neerugaa vartimpajeyadam dwara samarthavantamgaa niyantrinchavacchu.
pariganinchavalasina maroe bhouthika lakshanam emitante, neeti niluvu varusalo kalayikanu thattukogala sarassu saamarthyam. gaali kaaranamgaa sarassulo sambhavinche osgud index unna sarassulu, marinta prabhaavavantamaina alam treatmentku daariteestaayani kanugonabadindi. maroe paramiti emitante pareevaahaka praantam mariyu sarassu uparitala vaisaalyam nishpatti. sarassu visteerna nishpattilo takkuva pareevaahaka praantaalu unna sarassulu chikitsa tarvaata ekkuva deerghaayuvunu anubhavinchaayi. eee sarassulu ekkuva kaalam nivasinche samayaalatoe paraspara sambandham kaligi untaayi mariyu antargatamgaa load cheyabadina bhaswaram dwara prabhaavitamavutaayi, idhi vijayavantamaina chikitsaku sahaayapadutundi. anuvartana vyuuhamtoe sambandham lekunda, prati 5 nundi 15 samvatsaraalaku chaalaa sarassulaku punaraavruta alam chikitsa tarachugaa avasaram. punaraavruta chikitsa avasaraniki saraina prabhavanni nirdhaarinchadaaniki nirantara nirvahana mariyu bhaswaram paryaveekshanha avasaram.
jeevasambandhamaina chikkulu alume chikitsalo maroka mukhyamaina pariseelana. chikitsalu neeti spashtatanu penchutaayi, idhi sarassu lopala ekkuva lotula vadda perigina mokkala perugudalato sambandham kaligi undhi. sarassulalo mokkala perugudala peragadam valla uparitalam yokka swabhaavam maarutundi, idhi konnisaarlu jeevavaividhyamlo oka amsam. corp vanti benthic feeding chepalatho kuudina sarassulu bhaswaram tolaginchadamlo takkuva vijayanni saadhistaayi. eee jaatulu sarassu avakshepaalalo methagaa untaayi, ivi sarassu diguvaku bhaaswaramnu bandhinche aluminium hydroxide flocklaku bhangam kaligistaayi. aluminium lavanaalu sarassulanu aamleekarana cheyagalavu, ivi jala jeevulaku vishapuuritamainavigaa chestayanedi oka adanapu aandolana. ayithe, sarassu chikitsa kosam upayoginche aluminium sulfate motaadu tarachugaa chepalaku gananeeyamaina vishapuuritam cheyadaaniki saripodu, ayinappatikee chikitsa chesina sarassulalo algay mariyu akasherukaalalo ksheenata gamaninchabadindi. alume motaadu kooda maanavulalo vishapuuritatanu kaliginchadaaniki saripodu, mariyu tarachugaa sampradaaya taguneeti chikitsalo upayoginche alume motaadulanu pooli untundi. pratikuula jeeva prabhavalanu tagginchadaaniki, neeti vanarulo karigina aluminium saandratalaku aamodinchabadina parimiti 50 microgramlu all/ell mariyu pihech 5.5-9 shreniki parimitam cheyali.