brent berlin

overton brent berlin (jananam 1936) oka american maanava shaastravetta, rangupai bhasha shaastravetta paal ketho kalisi chesina krushiki mariyu meksikoolooni chiapas yokka mayalo athani ethnobiological parisoedhanaku prasiddhi chendaaru.
athanu thana Ph andukunnadu.dii. andukunnaru.dii stanford vishwavidyaalayam nundi. iteevala varaku, berlin georgia vishwavidhyaalayamlo maanava shaastram yokka graham perdue professorga unnaaru, akkada athanu latin american mariyu carabian studies centarku directorga mariyu ethnobiology prayogasaalalaku saha-directorga kooda unnaaru.
unnaaru "rangula paribhasha parisoedhana rangamlo lazarus geiger aalochanalapai nirminchina" prachuranapai paal ketho kalisi ayana chesina pani, maanava shaastram, bhaashaashaastram mariyu abhignaa saastraalalo atyanta prabhaavavantamgaa undhi. berlin mariyu kae prapancha bhaashalalo praathamika rangu padaala sankhya parimitam mariyu konni kendra rangulapai kendrikrutamai undani, ivi cognitivega hardwiredga bhaavinchabadataayani nirdhaarinchaaru.
jaateeya aarogya samsthala kosam jeevavaividhya karyakramam maddatugala bioprospecting consortium ayina maaya ii. sii. zii. bii. prajectuku ayana naayakatvam vahinchaaru, idhi idhi maya community nundi taginanta samacharam pondina sammatini pondadamlo viphalamainanduku aaropanala taruvaata moosiveyabadindi, dheeni nundi athanu swadeshi gnaanaanni pondaadu. eee aaropanalu pradhanamgaa aaa samayamlo rafeegaa piluvabade kenadian aadhaarita raajakeeya kaaryakarta samsthachae nadapabaddayi.
nadapabaddayi american academy off arts und sainsesku sabhyudiga ennikayyaaru.
vidya.
berlin berlin oklahoma vishwavidyaalayam nundi bii. eah., mariyu mariyu stanford vishwavidyaalayam nundi emm. eah. andukunnaru.dii. andukunnaru.dii stanford vishwavidyaalayam nundi maanavasaastramlo undhi.
ethnobiologylo panichestundi.
berlin ethnobiology rangamlo baga prasiddhi chendindi, ledhaa prajalu tama chuttoo unna mokkalu mariyu jantuvula paerlu mariyu gnaanaanni elaa pilustaaru, upayogistaaru mariyu nirvahistaaru anae adhyayanamlo baga prasiddhi chendindi. athanu jaanapada jeevasaastrampai kooda marinta drushti pettadu, idhi ethnobiology yokka upa rangam, idhi oka saamskrutika samuuhaaniki pratyekinchi jeeva vargeekarana mariyu tarkaanni suuchistumdi. prajala samskrutini ardham chesukovadaniki samajalu vaari paryaavaranamthoo paraspara charyalanu ardham chesukovadam chaalaa mukhyam. ethnobiologyni oka rangamgaa parinaamaaniki berlin andinchina sahakaram chaalaa mandhi maanava saastravettalaku amoolyamainadi. ethnobiological vargeekaranaku sambandhinchina mylurayi prachuranala shrenini parigananaloki teesukunte, berlin ippudu vistrutamgaa praamaanika mariyu pradhana siddhaantamgaa pariganinchabade vivaranaatmaka mariyu vislaeshanhaatmaka chatraala yokka pradhana vaastusilpigaa migilipoyindi."(1994)
rahasya vargaalu mariyu jaanapada vargeekaranalu (1968).
(1968), berlin, breedlove mariyu raven meksikoolooni chiapas yokka tzeltall maaya prajala vrukshashaastra ethnographyni adhyayanam chesaaru. vaaru "rahasya vargaalu mariyu jaanapada vargeekarana" anae sheershikato oka kathanaanni prachurinchaaru.
vaaru adhika sthaayi vishwasaneeyathatho, mokkala prapanchamlooni vargeekarana nirmaanam yokka pradhana roopurekhalanu nirnayinchadaaniki oka marganni kanugonnaru. mexicolo matlade maayan bhaashalalo tejeltal okati, dheenilo chaalaa mandhi bhasha saastravettalu aaru ververu praantiiya maandalikaalanu vaeru chestaaru. eee adhyayanamlo, vaaru saampradayakamgaa label cheyani aneka saamskrutika mariyu ardhavantamaina vargaalanu cherchadam dwara kanugonnaru. vaari bhaashalo, prati vargamlooni ververu mokkalu annintikee oka saadhaarana padha nirmaanam untundi, idhi vaatini anni itara mokkala nundi vaeru chestundi. anni mokkala paerlu cherchabadina oke muulaaniki meeru padaalanu tirigi gurtinchalerani vaaru kanugonnaru. chaalaa bhaashalalo, vaaru "pratyaekamaina anubhavashoonyudu" nii kaligi untaaru, meeru aaa paerlanu tirigi gurtinchavacchu. berlin mariyu athani sahacharulu kanugonnadi emitante, mokkalu mariyu jantuvulanu rendu ververu paerulaeni taragatulugaa bhaavistaaru. mokkala vargeekaranalo, atyunnata sthaayi "pratyaekamaina anubhavashoonyudu" kaadu, badulugaa naalugu pradhana lexemulu ledhaa unitlu praatinidhyam vahistaayi. eee naalugu sthaayilu chetlu, teegalu, gaddi mariyu moolikalu. kaakti, agavs, veduru modalainavi unde marinni chinna taragatulu unnaayi. madhya sthaayi mokkala vargaalu kooda chaalaa takkuva. anni tigeltal nirdishta pannu (itara sabhyulu laenivi) vaari vargeekaranalo vividha pradhana mariyu chinna upa sthaayilalo vastaayi. conny, madhya sthaayi vargam "hihte" ledhaa "ook" loe "sikyok" mariyu "sikinib" mokkalu unnayani gamaninchadam vintagaa untundi, ivi vaati "maatru mokka" thoo oke bhasha nirmaanaanni panchukovu."
vaaru modata samajam dwara vellina parikalpananu pareekshinchadaaniki, gamaninchaaru mariyu vaari sahaja aavasalalo mokkala gurinchi vaari samaachaaradaatala vyakhyala nundi samacharanni namodu chesaaru. vaaru daetaanu sekarinchadaaniki rangamloki vellinappudu, adhe paeru gala contrast setlo unna 10,000 namoonaalalo konni itarula kante daggari sambandham kaligi unnayani vaaru gamaninchaaru. avi aaharam, moolikalu, kattelu modalaina vaatitho sahaa konni mokkala upayogaalanu parigananaloki teesukuntaayi.
pedda sankhyala contrast setlalo saadhyamayye upasamuuhaala kosam sodhinchadamlo sahayapadina rendava paddhati emitante, samacharam ichhevaaru mokkala paerla jaabitaalanu enthavaraku upavibhajana chesaro nirnayinchadam. deenni cheyadaaniki, vaaru kaagitaala slips meeda mokkalu mariyu jantuvula vividha paerlanu vraasi, aapai vaatini vaari samaachaaradaatalaku icchaaru. ilaa chesina taruvaata, samaachaarakartalu patraala slipsnu okarinokaru ishtapadina samuhaluga unchutaaru. vaatini "mokkalu" mariyu "jantuvulu" anae vividha vargalalo unchadamlo vaariki etuvanti ibbandi ledani phalitaalu choopinchaayi."dheeniki vaari vadda oka padam laenappatikee" "mokkala uniki gurinchi vaariki telusani kooda idhi choopinchindi"."dheeni taruvaata, vaaru ververu" "mokkala" "paerlanu icchi, adhe prasna adagadam dwara vargeekarananu marinta vichchinnam chesaaru, mundu maadirigaa, prati mokkanu ververu samuuhaalu ledhaa vargaluga label cheyadamlo vaariki etuvanti samasya ledhu".
vaaru upa samuuhaala unikini ardham chesukunnarani vaaru sthaapinchina taruvaata, vaaru konni mokkala lakshanaalanu elaa nirvachistaaro telusukovadaaniki moodu ververu vidhaanaalanu upayoginchaaru. modati vidhananni trides test anie pilicheevaaru, dheenilo samaachaarakartalu mugguri samuuhamloo yea amsaanni atyanta bhinnamgaa enchukunnaaru. saaruupyata aadhaaramgaa avi vishayalanu elaa samuuhaparustaayoo phalitaalu suuchimchaayi.
rendava prakriyaloo jaanapada keelanu nirminchadam untundi. lakshanaala aadhaaramgaa vividha mokkalanu itara mokkala nundi vaeru cheyadaaniki keelu upayoginchabadataayi. vaari vargeekaranalo konni mokkalanu konni pradaesaalaloo enduku unchaaru anae daani gurinchi merugaina avagahana pondadaaniki vaaru veetini upayoginchaaru. modata vaaru samaachaaramandinchevaariki vaaru intakumundu kalisi samuuham chesina mokkala paerlanu istaaru (parisoedhakulu vaatipai paerlatoe kuudina patraala slips icchinappudu), appudu prati mokkanu okadaanikokati vaeru cheyadaaniki sahayapade keeni srushtinchamani vaarini adigaru. ilaa cheyadamlo, samacharam ichhevaaru vaaru mokkala madhya tama vibhajanalanu elaa chestaro chuupimchaaru mariyu vaatini yea samuuhamloo unchaalo nirnayinchukunnaaru.
chivaraku, vaaru oka nirdishta mokkala paerla samuuhamlooni anni vastuvula jatha polikalatho kuudina adhyayananni nirvahinchaaru. samaachaaradaatalu anni taarkika jatalanu ververu setlalo polchamani mariyu vaati madhya taarkika poolikalu mariyu thedaalu cheyamani koraru. kaandam perugudala, kaandam mariyu aakula parimaanam mariyu aakaram, mariyu pandla parimaanam mariyu aakaram vanti lakshanaalu poolikalu chesetappudu upayoginchabaddaayi. idhi berlin, breedlove mariyu raven anae padaala samiti kosam "nirvachanalu" emito choopinchindi mariyu appudu vaaru prasnalooni samacharadata prakaram chaalaa saaruupyamaina padaalanu okachota cherchagaligaaru. eee adhyayanam, konni mokkalanu jagrattagaa chusukovalani mariyu vaati takshana manugada kosam mokkalanu naataalani nirnayinchukunnappudu, eee prajalu vaariki atyanta mukhyamaina lakshanaalugaa bhaavinche vaatini choopinchindi.
eee adhyayanam nundi vacchina eee phalitaalu, tejtal speakerla kosam paerlu laeni vishayalu ippatikee vaari kallalo unnayani choopistundi. vaari adhyayanala dwara utpannamayye kramaanugataalu ekapakshamgaa antaramlo undavu, anduvalla idhi vargeekarana nirmaanaanni spashtamgaa suuchistumdi. mokkalu ippatikee vaari jeevitamlo oka bhaganni kaligi unnaayi mariyu vatiki paeru laenappatikee avi ippatikee vaaritho gurtinchabadataayi. vaari jeevaavarana saastramlo konni jeeva roopaalaku oka paeru ichhe prakriya eee prajalu tama parisaraalatoe entha anubandhamgaa unnaro choopistundi. vaariki edhi jeevana roopamgaa pariganinchabadutundo, edhi kaadu anie kooda idhi choopistundi. eee adhyayanam manam nissara vargeekarana kramaanugataalanu peddagaa pariganinchakuudadani mariyu vividha bhashalu manam vaastavaaniki anumatinchina daanikante lothugaa unnayani choopinchadaaniki vaati gurinchi marinta adhyayanalu undaalani rujuvu chestundi. itarulu tama sonta adhyayanalanu erpaatu chesukovadaniki upayoginchagala moodu goppa adhyayanalanu roopondinchadaaniki eee adhyayanam sahaayapadutundi. vargeekarana sopanakramamlo madhya sthaayi ekkada undho ledhaa adhi oka nirdishta samaajamlo unnappatikee gurtinchadam konnisaarlu enduku kashtamo parisoedhakulaku ardham chesukovadaniki idhi sahaayapadutundi.
jaanapada jeevasaastramlo vargeekarana mariyu naamakarana saadhaarana suutraalu (1973).
ethnobiology yokka vardhamana rangaaniki sambandhinchi prachurinchabadina modati rachanalalo okati berlin kooda athani marinta prabhaavavantamaina vaatilo okatih "jaanapada jeevasaastramlo vargeekarana mariyu naamakarana saadhaarana suutraalu" (1973) california academy off sciences yokka dennis breed love mariyu misauri botanical garden yokka peater raven thoo saha rachayitagaa chesaaru.
eee journal vyaasamlo, berlin mariyu brundam vaaru puurti chesina parisoedhana samayamlo vaaru pondina dayta dwara sarigga maddatu icchinatlu bhaavinchina moodu parikalpanalanu vivarinchadaaniki uddesinchaaru. modata, jeevulanu bhashaparamga gurtinchabadina samuhaluga taxa ledhaa taragatulu anie pilavabade samuhaluga verucheyadam saadhyamavutundi. rendavadi, eee vargeekaranalanu vargeekarana jaathi jeevasastra vargaalu anie piluvabade aidu kante ekkuva chinna taragatulugaa vibhajinchavachhu. eee chinna vargaalu gurtinchadagina konni bhasha ledhaa vargeekarana lakshanaalanu kaligi undatam vanti konni pramaanaala paramgaa nirvachinchabaddaayi. eee vargalalo pratidaaniki chendina eee jeevulu, vrukshajaalam ledhaa jantujaalaanni sanklishta vargeekarana sopanakramamlo elaa erpaatu cheyavacho vaaru vivarinchadam konasaaginchaaru. aidu ethnobiological vargaalu eee krindi vidhamgaa unnaih pratyaekamaina anubhavashoonyudu, jeevana roopam, saadhaarana, nirdishta mariyu vaividhyamainavi. chaalaa varaku, anni jeevulanu kakapoyina eee vargalalo vargeekaranaparamgaa unchavacchu. mokkalu mariyu jantuvula lexemic naamakaranapu adhikaarika bhasha nirmaanampai mariyu eee jeevulalo prati okkati yea vargaaniki chendinado vaaru tama drushtini mallinchaaru. pannu mariyu lexemla pramaanaalu mariyu vibajananu nirdesinchina taruvaata, vaaru eee samacharanni upayoginchaaru, eee gottanni charchinchadaaniki mariyu paaschaatya vrukshashaastramlo mokkala vibhajanatho chaalaa pooli unde naamakarana vyavasthanu elaa kaligi unnayo charchinchadaaniki. vaaru tigeltal mariyu mokkalaku paeru pettadaniki upayoginche lexemic vyavasthanu adhyayanam chesina dayta, berlin, breedlove mariyu raven anae parikalpanalaku anugunamgaa unnatlu kanugonabadindi. chivaraku, parisoedhana dwara pradarsinchabadina suutraalu saadhaaranamainanduna vaatini aneka ethnobiological vargeekarana vyavasthalaku elaa vartimpajeyavacho choopinchadaaniki vaaru prayatnistaaru. "ethnobotany mariyu ethnozoology yokka konni amsaala gurinchi, mukhyamgaa mokkalu mariyu jantuvula upayogaalapai dayta vistrutamaina vanarula nundi andubaatulo unnappatikee, paaschaatya samajalalo antarleenamgaa unna jaanapada jeeva vargeekarana mariyu naamakaranamlooni vargeekarana suutraalapai manchi padaarthaalu duradrushtavasaattu laevu (1973). berlin, breedlove mariyu raven anevi naamakaranaaniki sambandhinchi ethnobiological samacharanni pondadamlo praamukhyatanu prothsahinchadam mariyu nokki cheppadam praarambhinchaayi mariyu sambhaavya saadhaarana abhignaa vargeekarana, eee vargeekarana vyavasthalanu upayoginche vyaktulu mariyu eee vyavasthalu mana chuttoo unna paryaavaranam gurinchi mana drukpathaanni elaa prabhaavitam chestayane daani gurinchi mana gnaanaanni penchadaaniki vaaru nirdesinchina suutraalanu upayoginchadam praarambhinchaayi.
american ethnologist (1976) loe prachurinchabadina tadupari vyaasamlo, berlin thana munupati suutraalaloo konnintini agwara yokka jeeva vargeekaranapai kotta samaachaaraaniki vartimpajeyadam dwara vargam yokka ethnobiological bhavanaku sambandhinchi taanu edurkonna konni vimarsalanu parishkarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu, taruvaata dheenini rank anie kooda pilustaaru. ryaankulanu nirnayinchadaaniki sarihaddulu ekapakshamgaa unnayani ledhaa rank bhavanaku chellubaatu ledani kondaru paerkonnaaru. nivedika mugimpu ilaa perkondi, "[...] aguvarunalo bhavanaga gurtinchabadina mokkala taragatulalo ekkuva bhaagam sahajamaina mariyu suutigaa pratipaadita rankullo okadaanilo sulabhamgaa vasati kalpinchabadataayi. eee dayta ranklu ekapakshamgaa levani ledhaa ethnographer soulabhyam kosam kanugonna kevalam typological catalogging parikaram kaadani suuchistumdi. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, vruksha prapancham gurinchi agwaruna yokka drukpatham, jaanapada jeeva vargeekarana yokka anni vyavasthalaku rank bhavana praathamikam anae parikalpanaku adanapu maddatunu andistundi "(1976).
ethnobiological vargeekarana (1992).
ethnobiologyki berlin yokka atyanta prasiddha rachanalalo okati athani 1992 pustakam, "ethnobiological classification principals off classification off plants und animals inn traditional societies".
eee pustakamlo, berlin saampradaaya, niraksharaasyulaina samajalalo sthaanika vrukshajaalam mariyu jantujaalam yokka vargeekarana mariyu naamakarana prayojanaalalo vistrutamaina saaruupyatalanu vislaeshistumdi. idhi ethnobiologyki "universalist" vidhananni abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki mariyu punarudghaatinchadaaniki sahaayapadutundi. tulanaatmaka ethnobiologyki punaadigaa taanu bhaavinche "praathamika suutraalanu" ayana vivaristaadu. athanu vargeekarana yokka moodu pradhana sthaayila gurinchi kooda matladatadu; saadhaarana, nirdishta mariyu unnata-kramam. athanu prototypela praamukhyatanu mariyu "grahana prerana" anedi janara matrame kakunda, madhyantara mariyu jeevana roopa vargaalanu kooda balaparustundi anae vaastavaanni nokki cheppalanukuntunnadu, ayinappatikee jeeva roopa vargaalu jeeva vargeekarananu chakkaga pratibimbimchavani athanu ardham chesukuntadani athanu etthi chuupaadu. pustakamloni maroka bhaagamlo, athanu ethnobiological ghnaanamlo namuunaa vaividhyaalanu anveshistaadu. ethnobiological naamakarana anedi tappanisarigaa ekapakshamgaa undadani, conny tarachugaa jeevi yokka swaabhaavika naanhyata yokka konni amsaalanu pratibimbistumdani ayana oka aasaktikaramaina suuchananu teesukuvastaadu. "brent berlin eee namuunaalanu maanavula saaruupyata dwara uttamamgaa vivarinchavacchani, mokkalu mariyu jantuvula samuuhaala madhya sahaja sambandhaala gurinchi ekkuvagaa apasmaraka avagahana dwarah prajalu jeevula samuuhaanni daani vaastava ledhaa sambhaavya upayogam ledhaa maanava samaajamlo sanketha praamukhyata nundi chaalaa swatantramgaa gurtinchi paeru pedataaru". idhi maanavulalo vargeekarinchagala saamarthyam mariyu korika daadaapu sahajamainadani suuchistumdi. okari vaastavikata samskruti dwara nirnayinchabadutundi anae kontamandi maanava saastravettala nammakalanu eee vaadana savaalu chesindi; vaari parisaraala gurinchi okari aatmanishtha mariyu pratyaekamaina drukpatham vyakti chuttoo unna prapancham dwara takkuvagaa niyantrinchabadutundi. manishiki spashtamaina prayojanam unna sahaja jaatulaku matrame" paeru pettabadindani ayana thana sahacharulaku vyatiraekamgaa pustakam antataa vaadinchaaru."athanu nirantaram neo-malinovskian kriyaatmakataku vyatiraekamgaa vaadistaadu. mana aanandaanni mariyu manugadanu nirdhaarinche vishayalanu matrame teliyakundaane anveshinche bhouthikavaadulugaa ayana maanavulanu chuupistaadu mariyu migataa pratidee daani swantha manugada kosam vadilivestaadu. athanu swayamgaa parisoedhimchina ledhaa chusina vyaktigata naamakarana vyavasthala aadhaaramgaa ethnobiological vargeekarana yokka nirmaanampai kooda drushti pettadu. athanu ethnobiology yokka parinaamaanni mariyu daanilo unna vyavasthalanu prabhaavitam cheyadaaniki paniloo unna prakriyalanu uddesinchi prasanginchaadu. berlin eee pustakampai chaalaa prasamsalu andukunnaru. eee pustakaanni prastaavistuu, terrens hays ilaa antaadu, "ikkada, berlin thana pradhana vimarsakulatoe suutigaa mariyu kramabaddhamgaa vyavaharistaadu, 'daadaapu rendu dasaabdaala kritam gurtinchabadina namuunaalu ippudu kotta aadharalu mariyu kotta saiddhaantika antardrushtula velugulo punaruddharinchabadaali' anie angeekarinchaadu.
highland maaya yokka vaidya ethnobiology (1996).
berlin yokka iteevali rachanalalo konni vaidya ethnobiology mariyu aadhunika maayan janabhapai drushti saarinchaayi. saarinchaayi, thana bhaarya elois aann berlin sahakaaramtho, athanu "medical ethnobiology off dhi highland maaya off chiapas, mexico dhi gastro intestinal diseases" anae pustakaanni prachurinchaadu.(1996)
eee paniloo, berlin mariyu berlin rendu nirdishta maaya matlade samuuhaalapai drushti pedataaru, avi tejeltal mariyu tjotjil. maayan vaidyam yokka aushadha lakshanaalanu ardham chesukovadaniki praamaanika aacharam mariyu prateeka vidhaanampai drushti pettadaniki viruddhamgaa, pustakam yokka drushti ethnobotanical vidhaanampai undhi. eee vyaadhulatoe sambandham unna lakshanaalanu tagginche rogalakshana vyaadhulu mariyu aushadha moolikala gurinchi teljal/tjotjil kuu chaalaa ghnaanam undhi. eee prajalanu prabhaavitam chese atyanta vinaasakaramaina vyaadhulalo konni jeernasayaantara vyaadhulu. berlin mariyu berlin lakshanaalu, chikitsa, moolikala yokka padaarthaalu mariyu eee vyaadhula vargeekarananu kooda vivaristaayi. vaaru parisoedhimchina samayamlo, chikitsa chestunna vaariki eee paristhiti teliste eee moolikala nirvahana nirdishta paristhiti anie vaaru grahinchadam praarambhinchaaru.
praarambhinchaaru, brent berlin mariyu elois aann berlinlanu aardhika vrukshashaastraaniki samajam gurtinchindi. vaaru vishishta aardhika vrukshashaastragnula avaardunu andukunnaru. "gatha naalugu dasabdaluga brent berlin mariyu elois aann berlin chesina krushi abhignaa mariyu vaidya ethnobiologylo pradhana saiddhaantika purogatiki daariteesindi" anie aardhika vrukshashaastra sangham sabhyudu rick step annaru."(2008) brent berlin samacharam mariyu daetaanu vislaeshimchae kotta paddhatulanu roopondinchindi, idhi eee rangamlo baga sthirapadina aneka mandhi sabhyulanu mariyu saamaajika saastraalaku aastigaa undataaniki prayatninche raboye vidyaarthulanu prabhaavitam chesindi.
rangupai pani chestundi.
berlin mariyu paal kae madhya sahakaram, "basic colour terms dher universality und evalution" (1969) anae pustakamlo, vaaru prati bhashaku enni praathamika rangu padaalu universal anie chuudataaniki sumaru 100 ververu bhashalanu upayoginchaaru. vaaru samarpinchina dayta prakaram, bhashalaku sumaru 11 saarvatrika praathamika rangu padaalu unnaayi, veetilo anni bhaashalalo telupu mariyu nalupu kosam ellappuduu padaalu untaayi. vaaru dasala samitini chitreekarinchaaru, idhi 3 rangu padaalu samarpinchinatlayithe, idhi erupu kooda kaligi undataaniki aapaadinchabadindi. 8 ledhaa anthakante ekkuva praathamika rangu padaalatoe bhashalu vachhe varaku itara rangulu jodinchabade aneka dasalu unnaayi. oka prayogamlo, vaaru aneka vibhina rangu rangulatho paint chesina chipsnu upayoginchaaru mariyu kendra binduvulooni praathamika rangunu mariyu vaaru daanini anusandhaaninche bayati rangulanu kooda chuupamani vaari sthaanika bhaashalo matladevariki chepparu. idhi prati praathamika rangu padaaniki anugunamgaa vividha bhashala nundi vacchina vyaktula rangula vyatyaasaanni anchanaa vaeyadaaniki vaariki sahaayapadindi. prati samaajamlo rangulaku aneka ververu paerlu unnanduna, saadhaarana rangulaku praathamika padaalu emiti mariyu aaa praathamika rangulaku avi enni ververu rangulatho anusandhaaninchabadi unnayo gamaninchadaaniki dayta sahaayapadindi.
berlin uttara-madhya peru yokka agwara prajalu kosam rangu vargeekaranalanu kooda adhyayanam chesaaru. eee parisoedhanaloo, eee vyaktulalo ekkuva mandhi 1969 naati pani nundi moodu rangula veekshanhalato saripolutunnarani ayana kanugonnaru, indulo agwara nalla, telupu, erupu mariyu vaaru buudida anie piliche ranguku paerlu unnaayi. thana vyaasam, agwarana rangu vargaalu (1975) loe, vaaru rangulanu elaa vargeekaristaaru mariyu paeru pedataaru anae daani phalitaalanu ayana charchinchaaru. vaariki buudida rangu undani ayana prastaavinchinappudu, adhi "buudida [aakupaccha + neelam]" anie paerkonnaadu...idhi aakupaccha rangulo kakunda neelam rangulo kanipistundi "(1975). athanu adhyayanam chesina vaarilo ekkuva mandhi rangu vargeekarana mariyu naamakarana yokka eee moodava dasato saripolinappatiki, itarulu tarachugaa aneka itara rangulaku paerlanu kaligi unnaaru mariyu itarulakanna ekkuva spanish telusukovadam valla aapaadinchabaddaaru. vaari sthaanika bhaashalo, spaanishlo upayoginchadaaniki andubaatulo unna anni rangulaku padaalu undakapovachhu. vaari parisoedhana samayamlo, agwaruna bhaashalo "rangu" anae padaaniki nirdishta paeru ledani vaaru ventane gamaninchaaru. tarachugaa, spanish kooda telisina dwibhasha vyaktulatoe matladetappudu vaariki sulabhamaina samayam undedi. idhi spanish mariyu agwara rendintiloonuu 10 rangu padaala prarambha jaabitaanu sankalanam cheyadaaniki vaariki sahaayapadindi.
munupati prayogamlo chesinatlugaa paint chesina chiplapai matrame aadhaarapadataaniki badulugaa, vaaru "sahaja ledhaa krutrima vastuvu yokka vastuvulanu pradarsinchadam mariyu adagadam praarambhinchaaru...daaniki yea maraka undhi', oka dwibhasha upadhyayudu maaku andinchina prasna "(1975). gulabi mariyu godhuma rangu minaha anni rangula vastuvulanu vaaru kanugonagaligaarani, eee rakamaina rangu naamakarana vidhanam paalgonevaariki marinta twaragaa samadhanam ivvadaaniki sahaayapadindani, adhyayanam samayamlo marinta anandadayakamga undani ayana taruvaata paerkonnaaru. eee vidhamgaa rangu prasnalaku adanamgaa, vaaru konni paint chesina kaardulanu kooda teesukuvacchaaru, endukante vaaru paint chesina chipsnu kanugonalekapoyaru mariyu vastuvulatoe paatu vaatini upayoginchaaru.
parisoedhana samayamlo, vaaru rangu vastuvulanu pradarsinchaaru mariyu nirdishta rangulatho sambandham unna vyaktulanu yea rakamaina vyaktulanu nirdishta kramamlo adagaledu, mariyu phalitaalanu vraasukunnaru. eee prasninchina taruvaata, vaaru vividha rangulatho kaardulanu samarpinchaaru mariyu paalgonevaariki vividha rangulaku kendra binduvunu enchukomani mariyu prati ranguku vaaru enni kaardulanu aapadinchaaro chuupamani chepparu. agwaruna bhaashalo ekabhasha prajalu praathamika telupu, nalupu, erupu mariyu groolaku matrame paerlanu elaa gurtincharo vaaru tama parisoedhanalaloo gamaninchaaru, ayithe spaanishlo konchem matlade ledhaa dwibhasha unna itarulu pradarsinchina aneka rangula paerlanu elaa telusukunnaru. agwaruna madhya rangu paribhasha anae amsampai thana parisoedhanalaloo, samaajaaniki velupala vividha bhashalaku praapyata unna vyaktulu vaerae bhasha nundi rangulaku vividha paerlanu enchukunnaarani mariyu kontamandiki praapyata undataaniki vaatini samaajamloki teesukuvacchaarani athanu gamaninchaadu.
bioprospecting mariyu maaya icbg vivaadam.
vivaadam berlin mariyu athani bhaarya elois eah. berlin, oka antarjaateeya sahakaara jeevavaividhya samuuhaanni sthaapinchindi-maaya ii. sii. zii. bii. berlinlu panichese georgia vishwavidyaalayam, mexican vishwavidyaalayam, velsh pharmaceutical company mariyu chiapas yokka swadeshi maayaaku praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki kottagaa srushtinchabadina promaya anae engio madhya samyukta bioprospecting mariyu parisoedhanaa sahakaramga eee samuuham uddesinchabadindi. maaya ethnobiological ghnaanam aadhaaramgaa prapanchamlooni jeevavaividhya hotspotlalo okataina chiapas yokka maaya prajala ethnobotanical gnaanaanni sekarinchi, document cheyadam, aushadhaala aavishkarana, patent, utpatti mariyu market gurinchi telusukovadam dheeni lakshyam. eee project dwara aushadha ghnaanam yokka swadeshi holderlatho hakkulu mariyu prayojanaalanu panchukogala punaadigaa engo promaaya sthaapinchabadindi.
eee project praarambhinchina ventane swadeshi kaaryakartalu mariyu mexican medhaavulu kathinamaina vimarsalaku gurayyaru, vaaru vyaktigata maaya nundi pondina gnaanaanni parisoedhakulu ledhaa videshee pharmaceutical companylu elaa patent cheyagalavani, berlinlu mariyu vaari niyantranalo unna promaya engoni chiyapasloni aneka vibhina maaya communitylaku pratinidhigaa elaa pariganinchavachho, mariyu maaya prajala saamuuhika aasti ayina ghnaanam prati okkari mundastu sammati lekunda akasmaattugaa praiveteekarinchabadatam elaa saadhyamaindo adigaru. samaajamtho prayojanaalanu panchukoovadaaniki mariyu mundastu samacharam pondina sammatini pondadaaniki engio sthaapana matrame saadhyamayye maargam anie berlins vaadinchaaru, mariyu saampradaaya ghnaanam mayalalo public domainlo unnanduna yea vyakti kooda vaetanaanni aasinchalerani vaaru vaadinchaaru. udriktatalu peragadamtho mexican bhagaswamy eee prajectuku thana maddatunu upasamharinchukundi, taruvaata nih, idhi idhi prajectnu muusivaeyadaaniki kaaranamaindi-etuvanti phalitaalanu ivvalekapoyindi.
bioprospecting mariyu biopyracy madhya thedaanu gurtinche samasyalapai drushtini aakarshinchina modati kesulalo maaya icbg kesu okati, alaage community bhagaswamyanni pondadamlo unna ibbandulaku mariyu bioprospectorlaku mundastu samacharam sammati.

