
matsudaira sadanobu

 athanu shirakawa domaine kaapaadina aardhika samskaranalaku, 1787 nundi 1793 varaku tokugava shogunate adhipatigaa unna kaalamlo ayana chepattina ilanti samskaranalaku prasiddhi chendina madhya-edo kaalaaniki chendina japanese "diamyo".
prarambha jeevitam.
matsudaira sadanobu tokugava vamsaaniki chendina tayasu saakhaku chendina tokugava munitek yokka edava kumarudu. shogan kutumbamloni takkuva cadet saakhalalo atyanta senior ayina "gosankyo" loe tayaasu okati, anduvalla samskarana-aalochanaaparudu enimidava shogan tokugava yoshimune manavadu. yoshimune nirdesinchina udaaharananu anusarinchi, marinta kathinamaina jeevanasailini gaduputuu, edo kotalo nivasinche itara cadet saakhala nundi tayaasu illu vaerugaa nilichindi-munetake maatallo cheppalante, stree aatma ("tayoyameburi") kuu viruddhamgaa purusha aatma ("masuraburi") prasamsa. viphalamaina raajakeeya aasayam yokka charitra kaaranamgaa idhi itara saakhala nundi kooda vaerugaa undipoyindi-vyavasthaapakudu, munitek, thana tandri varasudu kaavaalani aasinchaadu, conny yoshimune pedda kumarudu tokugava ishige kosam badilee cheyabaddaadu. phalitamgaa, chinnatanamlo anaaroogyam unnappatikee, tadupari shogunal varasudiga niyaminchabadaalane aasatoe saadanobu chaalaa chinna vayassu nunde perigaadu. athani vidya chaalaa samagramgaa undedi, confucian margallo jarigindi, mariyu athani yuktavayassu natiki sadanobu appatike confucian kaanannu chaalaa varaku chadivi, kantastham chesaadu. athanu parinati chendutunna koddi, tayashu intlooni chaalaa mandhi sabhyulu chinnatanamlone chanipovadam praarambhinchadamtho vijayam kosam sadanobu meeda marinta baadhyata undedi. tadupari shogunal varasudiga sadanobunu niyaminchadaaniki kutumbam marinta prayatnaalu chesindi, conny appudu "roeju" gaa adhikaaramlo unna tanuma okitsugu yokka raajakeeya samuuham vaarini addukundi.
prarambha vrutti.
17 samvatsaraala vayassulo, mutsu provinceloni shirakawa domine yokka "diamyo" ayina matsudaira sadakuni, tayasu vamsam abhyantaraalapai atanni dattata teesukunnadu, tadwara varasudu lekunda migilipoyadu. eee samasya marusati samvatsaram talettindi, mariyu saadanobu tayaasu vamsamtoe tirigi niyaminchaalani petition vesinappatiki, shogan ishige, tanuma okitsugu prerepanato niraakarinchaadu, mariyu aaa vamsam oka dasaabdam paatu nayakudu lekunda undipoyindi. intalo, sadanobu thana savati tandri sudeergha anaaroogyam taruvaata 1783 chivarilo 100,000 "koku" shirakawa domainku adhipatigaa ayyadu. athanu ventane thana domine yokka aardhikamgaa vinaasakaramaina sthithini edurkonnaduh adhi utpatti cheyagaladani bhaavinchina 110,000 "koku" loe, 108,600 "kolpoyinatlu" nivedinchabadindi. sirakawalo aardhika paristhitini parishkarinchadaaniki sadanobu nirantaram krushi chesi, chivaraku daanini rakshinchi, daani aardhika mariyu vyavasayanni tirigi sthirathvaaniki teesukuvacchaadu. 
1782 nundi 1788 varaku goppa tenmei karuvu kaaranamgaa sadanobu kooda samasyalanu edurkondi. idhi paelavamaina vaataavaranam, agniparvata visphotanaalu mariyu vyavasayanni vaanijyeekarinchadaaniki mariyu tadwara pannu aadaayaanni penchadaaniki uddesinchina tanuma okitsugu amalu chesina vaanijya vidhanam kalayika valla sambhavinchindi. vari panta padepade viphalamainappatiki, prabhutvam varipai pannulu chellinchaalani pattubattadam konasaaginchindi, idhi uttara japaanlo karuvu, allarlaku, aneka uttara domainla diwala teeyadaaniki daariteesindi. munupati karuvulalo, edo loe nilva chesina biyyam karuvu upasamanam kosam upayoginchabadindi, conny tanumaalo, eee nilvalu appatike vikrayinchabaddaayi. panta vaiphalyala valla peddagaa prabhaavitam kaani ekigo provins mariyu aizu domine nundi biyyam pondadam dwara sadanobu shirakawalo karuvunu nivaarinchaadu mariyu thana karuvu sahaya charyalaku goppa prasamsalanu pondaadu.
pradhana councillerga.
eee samskaranalu, sadanobu yokka nirantara raajakeeya yuktulato kalisi, sadanobu keertini tecchipettindi, mariyu tokugava ihaaru maraninchina taruvaata, athanu 1787 vesavilo shogunate yokka pradhana councillerga niyaminchabaddaadu, mariyu taruvaati samvatsaram praarambhamlo 11va shogan tokugava ainariki regentga niyaminchabaddaadu. athanu ventane tanuma okitsugu yokka anni vidhaanaalanu raddu cheyadaaniki mariyu thana taata kyoho samskaranala aadhaaramgaa oka vyavasthaku tirigi raavadaaniki thana sthaanaanni upayoginchadam praarambhinchaadu. vaanijya, pettubadidaarii vidhaanaala dwara aardhika vyavasthanu uttejaparichenduku tanuma prayatninchindi, idhi dabbu, sambandhaala viniyogam dwara "samuray" nuu bhrashtupattinchindani sadanobu bhaavinchaadu. graameena praantaallo, dhanikulu mariyu paedala madhya antaram vistrutamgaa maarindi, mariyu paedha raitulu ekkuva dabbu sampadinchagalige nagaraala kosam bhoomini vidichipetti paaripotunnaaru. ekkuva vyavasaya bhoomulu saagu cheyabadakapovadamto, karuvu ekkuva mandhi raitulanu nagaraalloki balavantamgaa pravesapetti, saamaajika vyavasthaku marinta antaraayam kaliginchindi. kansey samskaranalu teevramaina kaathinya vidhanalu mariyu sumptuary chattalu, graameena punarnirmaanam mariyu praja tirugubaatu punaraavrutamavadaanni nivaarinchadam dwara aardhika ekikarananu lakshyamgaa pettukunnayi.
ippatike balaheenapadutunna tokugava palananu sadanobu balopetam chesina eee kaalanni kansei samskaranalu anie pilustaaru. athani vidhaanaalanu shogan ihaaru aadhvaryamlo athani puurveekula mitimeerina charyalaku praticharya pratispandanagaa kooda bhaavinchavachchu.
consey samskaranala vaiphalyam.
videsanga vidhanam paramgaa, japan jaateeya ontaritanaaniki muppu perugutondani, mukhyamgaa saamraajya russia nundi muppu perugutondani sadanobu ardham chesukunnadu. edemaina, japan bhadrataku ezo banjaru dveepaanni vidichipettadam surakshitamani ayana abhiprayam vyaktam chesaaru, mariyu matsuma domine dwara dveepam yokka nirantara paripalanaku maddatu icchaaru. shogunate looni itara adhikaarula nundi vyatiraeka abhipraayamtho ottidini edurkonna ayana, daani sthiranivaasam mariyu abhivruddhini prothsahinchadaaniki vividha "diamyo" la madhya ijonu vibhajinchaalani korukunevaru, rakshana kosam vividha domainlaku rangaalanu ketayinchadam dwara raajeepaddaaru mariyu ainu prajalatho marinta vaanijyaanni prothsahinchaaru. athanu 1791loe nagasakilo mariyu 1792loe edo loe ganneri sikshanaa paatasaalanu sthaapinchadam dwara japan teerapraanta rakshananu balopetam cheyadaaniki charyalu praarambhinchaadu. 1792loe athanu dautya sankshobhaanni kooda edurkonnadu, dheenilo russian adhikari aadam lakshman japanese castway diacocia kodyoonu tirigi ivvadaaniki mariyu vaanijya charchalanu praarambhinchadaaniki pedda sankhyalo purushulatho ezo cherukunnadu. airopalo maarutunna raajakeeya paristhiti gurinchi telusukunna sadanobu, lakshmannu matsuma velladaaniki anumatinche raajakeeya pramaadakaramaina charyanu teesukunnadu mariyu athanu prati nagasakito charchalu jarapadaniki siddhamgaa unnadu, conny lakshman thana perkonna lakshyalanu saadhinchakundaa matsuma nundi vellipoyaadu. shogunate theera rakshananu rettimpu cheyamani sadanobunu aadesinchadam dwara pratispandinchindi, mariyu athanu edo bay chuttoo teerapraanta phirangi sthaavaraala netvarknu roopondinchaadu, sagami mariyu ijulooni aneka pradaesaalanu sandarsinchi pratyakshamgaa parisoedhimchaadu. uraga kendramgaa paaschaatya taraha yuddhanauka nirmaanaanni kooda ayana aadesinchaaru. 
ayithe, jaateeya rakshana mariyu videshee vyavahaaraala paramgaa sadanobu spashtamaina purogati saadhistundagaa, consey samskaranala yokka kathinamaina mariyu ekkuvagaa janaadarana laeni vidhanalapai vimarsalu kramamga balaanni pondutunnaayi. thana maraninchina tandriki gouravapradamaina birudunu manjuru chese pranaalikanu vyatirekinchina chakravarthy kokaku, mariyu shogan tokugava ainarito sahaa aneka mandhi saktivantamaina satruvulanu kooda sadanobu sameekarinchaadu, athanu okasari thana "avamaanaaniki" sadanobunu narikiveyadaaniki oka paejeeni katthi teesukuraavaalani demand chesinatlu telisindi. sadanobu kontavaraku shogunate yokka aardhika paristhitini tirigi pondaadu, daani pratishtanu kapadukovadamlo kontha vijayanni saadhinchaadu, tokugava bureaucracylo athani viswasaneeyata mariyu prajaadarana adhigaminchabaddaayi. thana aatmakathalo "asantrupti praarambhamayye mundu okaru padavee viramana cheyali" anie perkonnappatiki, vaastavaaniki samudra rakshanalanu parisoedhinchadaaniki paryatanalo unnappudu notification andukunna ayana rajinama cheyaalani aadesinchaaru. ayana rajinama chesinappatiki, ayana amallo unchina aneka vidhaanaalanu ayana vaarasulu konasaaginchaaru, shogunate mugimpu varaku tokugava vidhaanaaniki aadhaaramgaa undipoyaaru.
taruvaati samvatsaraalu.
senior council nundi sadanobu balavantamgaa rajinama chesina taruvaata, athanu raajakeeya vyavaharalanu konasaginchadu, mukhyamgaa thana varasudu matsudaira nobuvakito, alaage shogunate kalaasaala rector hayasi jussayto sannihitamgaa sampradimpulu konasaginchadu, veerini athanu vyaktigatamgaa aaa padaviloe niyaminchaadu. athanu thana sonta domine shirakawa paripaalanapai kooda thana drushtini kendrikarinchadu. sadanobu gurrapu utpattini, domine yokka aardhika samskaranalanu prothsahinchaadu. athanu shirakawa koota sameepamlo vistaaramaina thotatho kuudina jalaasayam nirminchadam dwara nanco paarkunu kooda srushtinchaadu, idhi aaa samayamlo asadhaaranamgaa, saamaajika hodaato sambandham lekunda saamaanya prajalaku terichi undaalani pattubattaru. ayana podupu vidhanam yokka kathinatapai shirakavaloni ayana anucharula nundi firyadulu vachinappatikee, ayana shirakawalo manchi palakudiga pariganinchabaddaadu. edemaina, kansei samskaranala samayamlo ayana vaadinchina edo bay bhadrata vidhanalu 1810loe amaluloki vachayi. aizuku chendina matsudira katahiroku thodugaa boso dveepakalpamlo oka rakshana dalam andinchaalani shirakawanu pilicharu. idhi shirakawa aardhika vyavasthapai teevramaina ottidini kaliginchindi.
sadanobu 1819loe kutumba pradhana padavi nundi padavee viramana chesi, athani kumarudu sadanaaga chetha vijayavantam ayyadu, conny teravenuka nundi domine vyavaharalanu prabhaavitam cheyadam konasaginchadu. athanu ii. ess. ii. provinceloni shirakawa nundi kuwana domainku bhoobhaganni maarchaalani vijayavantamgaa petition vaesaadu. adhikarikamga, athanu hisamatsu-matsudira kutumbam yokka puurva bhoobhaganni swaadheenam chesukovalani korukunnadu, endukante dheeniki odarevu undhi; ayithe, edo bay bhadrata charyala valla kalige aardhika ksheenatanu shirakawa thattukoledani spashtamgaa telisindi, mariyu athanu eee baadhyatanu sakura domainku chendina hotta masaatsu meeda appaginchaalani korukunnadu, athanu ishtapadaledu.
1829 praarambhamlo sadanobu jalubutho badhapaddadu, idhi twaralone vaaraala paatu konasagina adhika jwaramgaa ksheeninchindi. ayana anaaroogyam samayamlo, edo loe jarigina agnipramaadam ayana praathamika, dviteeya nivaasaalanu dhvamsam chesindi, pratisaaree aayananu khaalii cheyavalasi vachindi. anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa, atanni oka pedda pallakeelo padukuni ravana cheyalsi vachindi, idhi agni nundi tappinchukovadaaniki prayatnistunna pattana prajala rakapokalanu addukundi. athanu twaragaa oka durmargapu apavaadu prachaaraaniki gurayyadu, dheenilo agni samayamlo pattanavaasulanu vadhinchaalani aadesinchaadani mariyu fukui domainlo daachadaaniki thana nadumu dustulalo mandutunna nagaram nundi paaripoyaadani aaropistuu teliyani muulam yokka chethi billulu edo antataa pampinhee cheyabaddaayi. sadanobu modatlo iyo-matsuyama domainloni "kamiyashiki" vadda aasrayam pondaadu, conny sthalam lekapovadam valla, mitaalooni matsuyama domine yokka "nakayashiki" kii marchabaddadu. athanu thana anaaroogyam nundi kolukunna sankethaalanu choopinchadam praarambhinchaadu, juun 14 madhyahnam thana anucharulatho kavitvam chadavadaaniki mariyu thana kumarudu sadanagatho rajakeeyaalu charchinchadaaniki saripotundi, conny adhe saayantram maraninchaadu. athani samadhi tokyoloni kotoloni reegan-zee aalayamlo undhi mariyu 1928loe jaateeya chaaritraka pradaesamgaa gurtinchabadindi.
athani veelunama prakaram, athani kumarudu kyotoloni yoshida kutumbaaniki "shukoku-diamyojin" anae daiva birudunu manjuru cheyaalani petition vaesaadu. idhi 1833,1834 mariyu 1855loe moodu dasallo manjuru cheyabadindi. hisamatsu vyavasthaapakudu sadatsuna, sugawara noo michizen mariyu maroe iddaru vyaktulatoe kalisi sadanobunu chinkoku-shukoku aalayamlo pratishtinchaaru. eee aalayaaniki kuvanalo saakhalu unnaayi, ikkada sadanaaga badilee cheyabadindi, mariyu sadanobu yokka puurvapu shirakawa bhoomilo, ikkada 1918loe eee mandiram nirminchabadindi.
sadanaagaa kumaarulalo okaraina itakura katsukio, shogunate yokka samskaranala prayatnaala kaaranamgaa edo shakam chivarilo thana taata maadirigaane prasiddhi chendaadu.
rachayitagaa.
thana raajakeeya samskaranalatho paatu, sadanobu rachayitagaa mariyu naitikavaadigaa kooda prasiddhi chendaadu, "raaku" (<unk>) anae kalam paerutoe panicheesaadu. ayana raasina konni mukhyamaina grandhaalalo "uge noo hitokoto", "tozen manpitsu", "canco-dori", "kagetsute nikki", "seago", "ōmu no kotoba" modalainavi unnaayi. ayana maraninchina kontakaalam tarvaata, ayana "diamyo kataagi" anae paerutoe "diamyo" jeevitaanni vyangyamgaa vyangyamgaa vraasinatlu kanugonabadindi. eee grandham sadanobu adhikarikamga vyatirekinchina "gesaku" vargamloki vastundi kabatti, eee aavishkaranatoe panditulu kontavaraku aascharyapoyaaru.

