
gwalia, paschima australia

gwalia anedi paschima australia yokka goppa victoria edaarilo kalgoorleeki uttaraana mariyu perthku thoorpuna unna oka maajee bangaaru-ganula pattanam. nedu, gwalia tappanisarigaa oka deyyam pattanam, idhi 1963loe moosiveyabadina gwalia bangaaru ganula kumaarulu, pradhana upaadhi vanarugaa unnappati nundi ekkuvagaa nirjanamgaa undhi. uttaraana leonora pattanam undhi, idhi eee praantamlooni ganula tavvakam mariyu matasambandha parisramalaku kendramgaa undhi.
charitra.
vongatha prajalu gwalia yokka saampradaaya yajamaanulu mariyu nivaasulu.
gwalia kumaarula vadda bhoogarbha tavvakam 1897loe praarambhamaindi, 1963 varaku konasaagindi. eee samayamlo idhi oka vampu shaft dwara lothu varaku bangaaraanni utpatti chesindi. gwalia kumaarulu kalgurli velupala atipedda paschima australian bangaaru ganulugaa mariyu australialo eee rakamaina lothaina ganulugaa maararu. 1897 mariyu 1963 madhya tirigi pondina mottam 2012 augustu dharala prakaram $4.34 billion ($4.55 billion) viluva kaligi undhi.
leonora-gwalia unna praantaanni 1869loe thoorpu nundi anveshakudu ludwig leachhardt dandayaatra sankethaala kosam viphalamaina anveshana samayamlo surr zaan forrest modatisaarigaa paryatinchaaru. forrest oka gurtinchadagina nole mount leonoraku oka mahilaa bandhuvu paeru pettaru. edd vard "dhoodaa" sullivan 1896loe eee praantaanni bangaaram kosam modatisaarigaa kanugonadaaniki mundu chaalaa samvatsaraalu gadichipoyayi, iteevala kalgurli mariyu coolgardylalo kanugonna vaati nepathyamlo. 1896 maeloe leonora parvatam adugubhaagaaniki sameepamlo bangaaraanni kanugonna carlson, white und glendining, vaariki nidhulu samakuurchina kuulgaardiilooni dukaanadaarudu thamus tobias gouravaartham eee daavaaku "gwalia kumaarulu" anie paeru pettaru. tobias velsh vaarasatvam kaaranamgaa wales deshaaniki puraatana paeru "gwalia" anae paeru enchukobadindi. aaa taruvaata vaaru tama daavaanu 5,000 poundlaku georg haalku vikrayinchaaru, athanu daadaapu oka nelaloo thana pettubadini tirigi pondaadu.
haall adanapu muuladhanaanni koorutuu, london samstha bevik, moring & kotho charchalu praarambhinchaadu. vaaru eee anveshananu pani chese samsthagaa abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki oka yuva american bhoogarbha saastravettanu eee praantaaniki pampaaru. aaa bhoogarbha shaastravetta herbert hoover, athanu taruvaata united states adhyakshudayyadu. hoover 1897 maeloe paschima australialoni albaniki cherukuni, railulo koolgaardeeki, taruvaata chivariki onte dwara gwalia praantaaniki prayaaninchaadu. athanu kotta ganiki nirvahakudiga tananu taanu suuchimchukunnaadu. kaarmika kharchulanu tagginchadaaniki ayana chesina soochanalalo ekkuva mandhi italian kaarmikulanu niyaminchukovadam okati. phalitamgaa, pattana janabhalo ekkuvagaa italian valasadaarulu, alaage itara europeanlu unnaaru, vaaru australia yokka sarikotta bangaaru raddeelo sampadanu korukunnaru.
gwalialo hoover basa kontakaalam matrame; ganulanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki 1898 decemberlo atanni chainaku pampaaru. gani karyakalapalanu chuustuu, hoover nivasinchina illu ippatikee undhi, mariyu nedu museum mariyu bedd-und-breakfast satramgaa panichestundi. hoover 1902loe bevik moringlo bhagaswamiga mariyu paschima australialo vaari aasaktulannintiki nirvahakudiga paschima australia mariyu gwaliaku tirigi vacchaadu.
gani abhivruddhi chendadamtho, kaarmikulu sameepamlo sibiraalu erpaatu chesi, mudatalu padina inumu mariyu hessian vastramtho gudiselanu nirminchaaru, konni muriki antastulato unnaayi. gwalia pattanam janminchindi. intalo, uttaraana unna oka praantaanni survey chestunnaru, idhi leonora pattanamgaa maarindi. leonora adhikarikamga 1898loe sthaapinchabadindi, mariyu rendu pattanaalu oka nirdishta satrutvaanni abhivruddhi chesaayi. rendu pattanaalanu (1903) kaluputuu aaviri tramway nirminchinappudu idhi sadalinchabadindi, idhi edaadi kritam nirminchina kalgurli nundi railu anusandhaanaaniki jodinchabadindi. paschima australialo nirminchina ituvanti modati tramway idhi. 1907loe dheeni sthaanamlo electric tramnu erpaatu chesaaru. ganulaku vidyut andinchadaaniki 1902loe vidyut utpatti kendraanni erpaatu chesaaru. chuttupakkala praantaala nundi sekarinchina mulga kalapa dwara dheenini kaalchaaru mariyu ravana cheyadaaniki veelugaa aneka gaze tramvelanu veyinchaaru. gwalia raashtramloni mottamodati public swimming pool mariyu modati state hotel (1903) kuu kooda nilayamgaa maarindi. gani moosiveyabadinappudu pool migilina pattanamtho paatu parityaagam cheyabadinappatiki, hotel vividha addedaarulache aakraminchabadindi mariyu nedu oka prasiddha aakarshanagaa nilichindi.
gani perige koddi, pattana janabha kooda perigindi. 1901loe gwalialo 884 mandhi nivaasitulu undagaa, leonoralo 314 mandhi unnaaru. 1910 natiki leonora 1,154kii perigindi, mariyu gwalia mottam 1,114kii perigindi. 1921loe ganilo mantalu chelaregina taruvaata eee praantamloo pedda tirogamanam erpadindi; nashtam kaaranamgaa ganula tavvakam moodu samvatsaraala paatu aagipoyindi. phalitamgaa vacchina tirogamanam rendu pattanaala janabhanu sagaaniki tagginchindi. aaa taruvaata eee praantam nemmadigaa perigindi, conny gani panichestunnappudu munupati janabha sankhyanu eppuduu saadhinchaledu. 1960la praarambhamlo, gwalia kumaarulalo bangaaru vanarulu ippatike unna paddhatulu mariyu laabhadaayakatapai pannu vidhinchabaddaayi, mariyu december 1963loe, bevik & moring ganulanu moosivesindi. pattana janabha daadaapu raatriki ratre adrusyamaindi. 1966 natiki, leonora mariyu gwalia yokka mottam janabha kevalam 338 matrame, veerilo ekkuva mandhi leonoralo nivasistunnaaru.
leonora oka matasambandhamaina kendramgaa mariyu leonora paripalanaku nilayamgaa undipoyindi, conny gwalia marammatu cheyabadaledu, koddimandi nivaasitulu matrame migilipoyaru. ayithe, pattanam mariyu gani rendoo kramamga pramukha paryataka aakarshanalugaa marai.
1969 loe eee praantamloo nickel kanugonabadindi, idhi kotta vruddhini prerepinchindi. 1970laloe leonora janabha nemmadigaa perigindi, conny gwalia nischalamgaa mariyu ksheenistuunae undhi. pattanamlooni migilina illu mariyu bhavanalanu, alaage gani yokka asalu nirmaanaalanu (headframe mariyu winder bhavanam) punaruddharinchadaaniki mariyu samrakshinchadaaniki 1971loe chaaritraka samrakshana prayatnam praarambhamaindi.
1980laloe marinta aadhunika mariyu samarthavanthamaina velikiteeta paddhatulanu upayoginchi bhoogarbha vanarulanu upayoginchukodaniki oka kotta pathakam kinda gwalia kumaarulu tirigi terichaaru. asalu pani loki oka suupar pitt cutt, head frame mariyu winder bhavanam taralinchaalsina avasaram undhi. adanapu bangaaraanni vaagdaanam chesina kotta operation, australian stock exchangelo vartakam cheyabadindi mariyu gananeeyamaina vruddhini saadhinchindi. kotta gani chivariki sagatuna, paatha gani maadirigaane bangaaraanni utpatti chesindi, conny moodinta oka vanthu samayamlo.
2000loe gwalia kaarmikula (pailettoe paatu) eduguru kumaarulato veltunna chartered vimanam koolipovadamtho gwalia jaateeya vaartallo nilichindi. janta enginela beach craft suupar king air 200 vimanam, perth nundi takeoff ayina koddisepatike cabin ottidini kolpoyindi. pilate mariyu prayaaneekulu taginanta oxygen lekunda migilipoyaru, mariyu vimanam autopylot meeda sarala rekhalo konasaagindi, adhi indhanam aipoi queenslandlo, perth nundi koolipoye varaku konasaagindi. eee sanghatana united stateslo jarigina vishaadaanni pratibimbistumdi, idhi konni nelala kritam golph kreedaakaarudu payne stevert anie cheppabadindi.
2004loe gwalia nl kumaarulu aardhika ibbandullo paddaru (headging dwara), phalitamgaa vacchina patanam desavyaaptamgaa mukhya vaartagaa maarindi mariyu prapanchamlooni bangaaru vaanijya market antataa alalanu pampindi. 2000la chivaralo eee gani punarujjeevanam chendindi, seyint barbara limited marinta ksheeninchindi. lakshyalu bhoogarbhamlo unnaayi, avi cherukunnappudu bangaaram utpatti praarambhamavutundi. april 2008 natiki, paatha goyyi nundi oka dwaaramtho uparitalam krinda ksheenata undhi. idhi gwalia kumaarulu ekkada vadilivesaaro, daadaapu diguvaku konasagimpu.