
mother india (pustakam)

mother india (1927) anedi american charitrakaaruraalu catherine maayo raasina vivaadaaspada pustakam, idhi bharatiya samajam, matam mariyu samskrutini chooputundi.
content.
bhaarata swaatantyra udyamaaniki vyatiraekamgaa raasina eee pustakam, mahilalu, antaranivaru, jantuvulu, graameena praantaalu mariyu daani jaateeyavaada raajakeeya nayakula swabhaavaanni bharatadesam yokka chikitsanu vimarsinchindi. eee pustakamlo chaalaa bhaagam yuvatula vivaham valla kalige samasyalatho vyavaharinchindi. aneka bharatiya vaartaapatrikalu hinduvulu mariyu hinduu mataaniki vyatiraekamgaa "ghoramaina paruvu nashtam" anae pustakaanni prakatinchina taruvaata idhi bharatadesam antataa gandaragolaniki daariteesina pradhana kaaranaalalo okatigaa pariganinchabadindi.
reception.
maayo pustakam bharatadesam antataa agrahanni srushtinchindi, mariyu aame dishtibommalatho paatu daanini tagalabettaaru. maayo pustakam american udaaravaada panditulalo kooda vivaadaanni rekettinchindi, vaaru kooda mayoni vimarsinchaaru. mother india" kuu pradhana pratyarthi deerghakaala bhaarata anukuula kaaryakarta ayina jabej sunderland. meyo jaathi jaateeyavaadaanni edurkovadaniki american swechcha kosam poraatamlo paatra pooshinchina bharatiya nayakulu mariyu american viplavakaarula madhya sunderland poolikalu chesaaru. india, america und varald brotherhood" anae thana pustakamlo, bharatadesampai saamraajyavaada paalana anyaayamainadi, paraannajeevi mariyu vidhvamsakamani sunderland nokki chepparu. athani pustakamlo bharatiya samajam gurinchi maayo chesina vaadanalanu pratighatinchadaaniki pradhanamgaa bhaarata prabhutvam nundi sekarinchina vyaktigata sakshyalu mariyu ganaamkaalu unnaayi. badulugaa, sataabdaala naati valasavaada anachivetalo paatukupoyina lakshanaalugaa, bharatiya samaajaaniki antargatamgaa nindinchabadina samasyalanu sunderland aapaadinchindi."
maayo pustakam bhaarata swaatantrya kaaryakarta mohandas karanchand gaandheeche vimarsinchabadindi, "desamloni kaaluvalanu teravadam mariyu pariseelinchadam anae oka uddesyamto pampina drain inspector nivedika."gandhi paaschaatya paatakulaku vaari swantha samaajaala lopaalanu gurthu chesaaru, alaage sunderland kooda ilaa paerkonnaadu," mana american linching mariyu neegro lanu kalchadam vanti chedu vishayam bharatadesaniki teliyadu.oka samayamlo airish naataka rachayita georg bernard shaa, america swayam palanaku taginanta nagarikata enduku pondaledu anedaaniki kaaranamgaa linching udaaharananu elaa upayoginchaaro sunderland vivarinchaadu mariyu" "united states tananu taanu paripaalinchadaaniki taginadi kaadu mariyu ventane daanini chetilo teesukoni, ingland ledhaa france ledhaa japan anie cheppukune konni videshee deshaalu nagarikata kalpinchaali"."
eee pustakam yaabhaiki paiga vimarsanaatmaka pustakaalu mariyu karapatraalanu prachurinchadaaniki prerepinchindi, idhi bharatiya samajam gurinchi maayo yokka tappudu vaadanalu mariyu vakreekarinchina avagahananu highlight chesindi, idhi bharatadesam gurinchi american prajala drukpathampai saktivantamaina prabhaavamgaa maarindi. maayo pani valla erpadina vivaadam paaschaatya valasavaada pracharanni tippikottadamlo jaateeyavaada bharatadesaniki sahaayapadindi. eee agraham udaaravaada bharatiya streevaadam yokka kotta paatasaalaku mariyu bharatiya mahilalaku kotta drushtiki daariteesindi. oka bharatiya mahila yokka eee kotta aadarsam oka swatantra dhesha raashtramlo bhaarateeyuraaligaa undataaniki idhi ardham emito namuunaa avataaramgaa pariganinchabadindi. anni besent mother indianu "mottam bharatiya prajalanu dooshinche asaadhaaranamaina dushta pustakam" anie pilicharu. eee pustakaanni american charitrakaarudu liz willson saamraajyavaada streevaadaaniki udaaharanagaa udaharinchaaru, bhaarata swaatantrya udyamampai thana vimarsalaku maddatugaa meyo streevaada vaakchaaturyaanni upayoginchaarani raasaaru. kontamandi paaschaatya sameekshakulu maayo pustakam chadivina tarvaata vacchina pratyaamnaaya teermaanaalanu kooda willson anveshinchaaru. udaaharanaku, "nyuu statesman" loe 1927loe oka anamaka sameeksha, maayo pustakamlo vivarinchina bharatiya duracharalu hinduvulaku pratyekamainavani, bhaaratadesamlo muslimlu "eee upa-maanava duracharala nundi tulanaatmakamgaa vimukti pondaarani" perkondi. eee sameeksha bengali medhavi ravindernath tagor nundi teevramaina pratispandananu rekettinchindi, athanu paaschaatya vyaakhyaatalanu kapatamgaa aaropinchaadu. 
bharatadesaniki vyatiraekamgaa aame chesina vaadanalaku maayo yokka prarambha prerana londonlo unna bharatiya raajakeeya nigha karyalayam (ipeo) kosam panichestunna british nigha agent nundi vachindi. modati prapancha yuddha samayamlo airopalo araachakavaada mariyu bharatiya jaateeyavaadam yokka viplavaatmaka amsaala vyaaptiki pratispandanagaa ipeo erpadindi.
1929loe, harry hetch. mother india" yokka mundumaatalo maayo angeekarinchina feeled, "mother india tarvaata" anae pustakaanni raasaaru, dheenilo athanu maayo rachanalapai vacchina vimarsalaku pratispandinchaadu, marinni vyakhyaanaalanu jodinchaadu mariyu catherine yokka sankshipta jeevita charitranu raasaadu. oka adhyayam atyanta mukhyamaina vimarsaku ankitam cheyabadindi, idhi gandhi raasinadi.
daani prachurana taruvaata dalip singh sound (taruvaata yuu ayyadu.ess. congress sabhyudu) "mye mother india" (c."1930) maayo yokka vaadanalanu pratighatinchadaaniki. sound rachana ekkuvagaa mahilala patla bharatiya purushula pravartana gurinchi maayo chesina vaadanalanu khandinchadampai drushti pettindi. bharatiya chattam drushtilo, mahilalu aastini kaligi undataaniki samaana hakkulu, nyaayasthaanaala mundu velladaaniki mariyu chattam yokka rakshananu adagadaniki samaana hakkulu unna purushulaku khachitamaina samanamga chuudabadataarani sound spashtam chesaaru. bhaaratadesamlo baalya vivaahaaniki sambandhinchi maayo yokka teermaanaalanu kooda ayana sarididdaaru, idhi bhaarata maatalo kendra samasyaga undedi. baalya vivaham prabalamgaa unnappatikee, aame yuktavayassuku cherukune varaku aaa bidda thana bhartatho sahajeevanam cheyaledani ayana paerkonnaaru. eee yuva bharatiya bharyalu adhikaarika vidyanu kaligi undakapoyina, vaaru oka kutumbaanni nadapadaniki mariyu vaari pillalanu penchadaaniki puurtigaa sikshana pondaarani ayana annaru. 1921 janabha lekkala nivedika nundi vacchina ganaamkaalanu kooda sound upayoginchaaru, idhi vivaahaaniki sambandhinchi bhaaratadesamlo paristhitiki saakshyamgaa, vaari padahaarava samvatsaram praarambhamlo aravai saatam bharatiya baalikalu avivaahitulugaa unnaarani choopinchindi. athani pani american samskruti mariyu americalo prabalamgaa unna laingika samasyalapai kooda drushtini kendrikarinchindi, "yea desamloonainaa prati vanda mandhi baalikallo padihenu nundi iravai aidu mandhi baalikalu padihenu mariyu paddenimidella madhya baadhyataarahitamaina laingika sambandhaalalo munigipoyinappudu, aaa desham aarogyakaramaina naitika sthithilo ledhu, yuvatulu mariyu abbayila madhya eee prarambha laingika saannihityaala prabhavam vaari taruvaati aadhyaatmika vruddhiki vinaasakaramainadi. paristhitini elaa parishkarinchavachho anedi teevramaina samasya, idhi yea videsheeyudi pani kaadu, entha nijaayiteegaa mariyu snehapuurvakamgaa ayina, parishkarinchadam."
maayo pustakaaniki maroe pratispandana dhann gopal mukerjea thana "eah sunn off mother india ancers" (1928) loe raasaaru. mukerjea maayo rachanalo ekkuva maddatu labhinchani vaastavaalanu chaalaa varaku vivaadam chesaaru mariyu maayo rachanalo doshaalanu highlight cheyadaaniki ganaamkaalanu upayoginchaaru. udaaharanaku, enimidi mariyu padnaalugu samvatsaraala madhya vayassu gala bharatiya baalikalu janmanivvadam saadhaaranam anie maayo chesina vaadananu ayana khandinchaaru, bambe aasupatrilo 304 jananaalalo mugguru tallulu matrame 14 samvatsaraala vayassu galavaarani bharatiya vaidyulu namodu chesina ganaamkaalu chuupistunnaayi. tallula sagatu vayassu 18 samvatsaraalu. eee ganaamkaala gurinchi charchistunnappudu, mukerjea ilaa annaru, "neenu icchina ganaamkaalu miss dwara takshaname namodaina kesulu kaneesam desamloni saadhaarana aacharalanu suuchimchavani rujuvu chestayani neenu bhaavistunnaanu".
mehboob khaan yokka 1957 hindhi puraana chitram "mother india" anae sheershika maayo pustakaanni uddeshapoorvakamgaa khandinchindi.