
panjkora nadhi

panjkora nadhi () vaayuvya paakistaanlooni khaibar pakhtunkhwa provincelo pravahinche oka nadhi. eee nadhi provins yokka parvata uttara bhaagam gundaa pravahistundi mariyu kumrat loyanu yerparustundi. idhi dhir, timargara nundi velutundi mariyu chakdara vadda swath naditoe kalustundi. idhi saadhaaranamgaa nadhi odduku iruvaipula dattamaina adavulatho kappabadina nitaruga vaalulu kaligi untundi. eee nadhi pedda pareevaahaka praantaanni kaligi undhi, idhi nadini gananeeyamaina varadalaku gurayye avakaasam kalpistundi-mukhyamgaa 2010loe paakistaanlo chaalaa varaku sambhavinchina varadala samayamlo.
bhougolikam.
paakistaanku vaayuvya disalo khaibar pakhtunkhwa provincelo unna pedda swath nadhee pareevaahaka praantamloo bhaagamaina panjkora nadhi pareevaahaka praantamloo panjkora nadhi pradhana nadhi. panjkora nadhi yokka pradhana upanadulu dhir, barawal, kohistan mariyu usheroy nadulu. varshakalamlo (juun-september) neeti mattalu gananeeyamgaa perugutaayi, neeti pravaham edaadi podavunaa jarugutundi. eee samayamlo panjkora nadiloe pedda mottamlo neeru, upanadula mukhadwarala vadda ekkuva mottamlo neeru labhistundi. eee neeti pravaham chaalaa saktivantamainadi, idhi eee praantam antataa varadalaku kaaranamavutundi.
panjkora nadhi akshaamsaala vadda undhi (akshaamsham 34.6667 rekhaamsamha 71.7667). eee nadhi praarambhamlo nitaruga unna parvata vaalulatoe vargeekarinchabadindi, ivi neetini bandhinche garatuga panicheestaayi. chivaralo nadhi vistarinchadam praarambhistundi, varada maidaanam vistarinchadam praarambhistundi. mattiloo poeshakaalu peragadam valla diguva varada maidaanaalu raitulu upayoginche pradhana vyavasaya bhoomi.
kalushyam mariyu paryaavarana samasyalu.
prastutam panjkora nadiloe jeeva sanchayam anedi pradhana paryaavarana samasyaga undhi. oka jaathi padaarthaalanu bahishkarinche daanikante vaegamgaa grahinchinappudu bioacumulation jarugutundi. idhi tarachugaa aahara golusu paina unna mamsaahaarulapai prabhavalanu penchutundi, idhi eee jeevulanu jeernam chese maanavulanu prabhaavitam chestundi. panjkora nadhi chepala jaatulalo vishapuurita lohala perukupovadam perugudalanu edurkontondi. meeru panjkora nadhi mukhadvaaraaniki daggaragaa vellinappudu chepalalo kanipinche loha padaartham perugutundi. vyavasaya paddhatulu mariyu muruguneetini nadiloe padeyadam valla loha padaartham erpadutundi.
vyavasayam, nadipai nivasinche prajalaku maddatu ichhe pradhana parisrama ayinappatikee, daani pratikuulatalu kooda unnaayi. pedda varshapaatam sambhavinche samayamlo, bhaarii mottamlo pravaham sambhavistundi, daanitoe paatu matti, jantuvula retlu mariyu eruvulu laagabadataayi. idhi pedda mottamlo seesam (pibi) mariyu nickel (nii) thoo nadini munchettutundi. nadhi mukhadwaram vaipu chaalaa sthiramgaa perigindi. palarayi parisrama vyardhaalu ni perugudalaku maroe pradhana vanarugaa bhaavistaaru. bhaarii lohala kalushyam nadhi odduna jeevinchi unna prajalaku inca teevramaina aarogya samasyaga maaraledu. ayithe, jagrattagaa paryavekshinchakapothe, jeeva sanchayam spashtamgaa mariyu perukupotundani, paryaavaranaaniki mariyu maanava aarogyaaniki gananeeyamaina aarogya pramaadaalanu kaligistundani saastravettalu anchanaa vestunnaru.
prakruti vaipareetyaalu.
panjkora pareevaahaka praantam oka swabhaava praantam, idhi seasonpy chaalaa aadharapadi untundi. pakistan looni eee praantamloo vaataavaranam varshakalamlo (juun-september) pedda varshaalu mariyu saapekshamgaa podi siitaakaalaalu kaligi untundi. ruthupavanaala seasonlu eee praantamloo aneka mukhyamaina mariyu vinaasakaramaina varadalaku kaaranamayyaayi. mukhyamgaa 2010loe vacchina varada eee nadhi gundaa pravahinchindi, dheeni phalitamgaa praananashtam mariyu paryaavarana vyavasthalu mariyu moulika sadupaayaalaku pedda mottamlo nashtam jarigindi. eee adhika sthaayi kaalaanuguna varshapaatam nadhi chuttoo unna bhoomi yokka sthalaakruthi dwara peddadigaa untundi. nadiki iruvaipula nitaruga unna vaalulu nadhi loki neeru twaragaa mariyu pedda mottamlo pravahinchadaaniki veelu kalpistaayi. eee adhika ettulo varshapaatam saadhaaranamgaa takkuvagaa unnappatikee, bhaarii pareevaahaka upanadula kalayika valla panjkora nadhi mukhadwaram vaipu pedda mottamlo neeru pravahistundi. nadhee vyavasthalatho, saadhaaranamgaa parvataalu diguva bhaagamlo lothattu praantaalalo varadalu sambhavinche avakaasam ekkuvagaa untundi. panjkora pareevaahaka praantamloo 15 saatam varadalu vachhe avakaasam ekkuvagaa undani vargeekarinchabadindi. varadalu vachhe avakaasam unna eee praantaalalo kooda nivaasaalu unnaayi, idhi dhanika ondru vyavasaya bhoomula kosam tama praanaalanu panamgaa pette praanaantakamaina misramam. idhi nadhi kindiki pravahistuu vyavasaya bhoomini naasanam chestu, praanaalanu teestuu, moulika sadupaayaalanu debbateestundi.
saamaajika-aardhika prabhavam.
nadhi vembadi unna raitulu varada maidaanaalu andinche goppa ondru mattipai ekkuvagaa aadhaarapadataaru. paelavamaina vidya mariyu nirvahana paddhatulu antey samvatsaramlo konni bhagalaku matti tarachugaa paduga untundi. 
course.
hinduu kush parvathaalaloni himaaneenadaalalo eee nadhi yokka muula jalaalu ekkuvagaa unnaayi. idhi eguva dhir jilla mariyu diguva dhir jilla gundaa dakshinaana pravahistundi.
swath naditoe daani sangamam totacan sameepamlo malakand jillaalo undhi. indus nadhee pareevaahaka praantamloo bhaagamaina kaabool nadiki swath nadhi oka upanadi.
chepalu pattadam.
panjkora nadhi trout mariyu itara manchineeti chepalaku sahaja aavasam. atyanta saadhaarana jaatulu cyprenides. kumrat loya vadda panjkora nadhi eguva bhaagamlo snotrout (schizothorax plagiostomous) atyanta saadhaarana aata chepa. braun trout mariyu rainbo trout anevi anyadesa jaatulu, veetini 1928loe british vaaru pravesapettaaru, ayithe snow trout mariyu itara cyprinidlu panjkora nadhi yokka sthaanika jaatulu.