maerii cover johns

maerii cover johns (september 1,1897-juulai 22,1987) oka american abhivruddhi manastatvavetta mariyu pravartanaa chikitsaku maargadarsakudu, 20va sataabdamloo eee rangamlo purushulu ekkuvagaa aadhipatyam chelayinchinappatiki. peater gurinchi aame chesina prasiddha adhyayanam mariyu desensitization abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa joseph wolf aamenu "pravartanaa chikitsaku talli" anie pilicharu.
prarambha jeevitam mariyu vidya.
cover johns, kaarii luis higson mariyu charless blair kavarku janminchina muggurilo madhya bidda. aameku aame kante aidu samvatsaraalu pedda sodarudu mariyu aame kante naalugu samvatsaraalu chinna sodari unnaaru. johns talli aneka sthaanika saamaajika samsthalalo panichese gruhini kaga, aame tandri vyaapaaravaetta. post-secondary vidyaku haajaru kakapovadampai paschaattaapam chendadamtho, johns thana pillalanu vishwavidhyaalayaaniki haajaru kaavadaaniki prothsahinchaadu. ohiyoloni eeree sarassulooni chautaukwa institutenu sandarsinchadam anedi cover johns baalyamlo cover kutumbaaniki vaarshika vesavi paryatanaga maarindi.
wasser kalasalalo pravesam pondina taruvaata, cover johns manastatvasaastram adhyayanam cheyadaaniki enchukunnaaru. margaret floy washburn andinchedi tappa, aame wasser kalasalalo andinche prati manastatvasastra korsunu teesukundi. munupati taragatilo paelavamaina prayogasaala grade kaaranamgaa washburn aamenu taragatiloki chaerchadaaniki niraakarinchindi. aame thana vesavi selavulanu, kalasalalo unna samayamlo, vesavi sibiraalu mariyu settlement houselalo paedha pillalatho kalisi panicheestuu gadipindi. aascharyapoyaadu wasser kalaasaala nundi pattabhadrudaina ventane, cover johns pramukha pravartanaavetta zaan bii. upanyaasaaniki hajarayyaru. watson, newyork nagaramlo. watson upanyaasam vinna taruvaata, bhayalanu tolaginchadaaniki conditioningnu upayoginchavacchaa anie maerii aascharyapoyaadu. aascharyapoyaadu, aame columbia vishwavidhyaalayamlo thana graduate panini praarambhinchindi, johns thana masters degreeni mariyu mariyu thana doctorate degreeni puurti chesindi. maerii cover thoti graduate vidyaarthi harrold ii. nuu vivaham chesukundi. johns, johns, mariyu mariyu, vaaru berkleylooni california vishwavidhyaalayaaniki mariyu daani maanava abhivruddhi samsthaku vellaaru, appudu dheenini institute off chiled welfare anie pilustaaru.
vrutti.
vrutti, cover johns institute off educational research, teachers college, columbia vishwavidhyaalayamlo psychological research associate professor ayyaru. cover johns columbia vishwavidhyaalayamlo associatega unna samayamlo peater gurinchi aame prasiddha adhyayananni nirvahinchaaru. nirvahinchaaru peater adhyayanam nundi phalitaanni prachurinchina taruvaata, aame chinna pillalalo prarambha pravartana namuunaala abhivruddhipai doctorate vyasanni puurti chesindi. aame newyork nagaramloni vividha praantaalalo 365 mandhi sisuvulatoe kalisi panichesi, chinna pillala prarambha pravartana abhivruddhini adhyayanam chesindi. joseph wolf naayakatvamlo pravartanaa chikitsa rangam kalisipovadam praarambhamayye varaku, 1960la varaku johns aame pani patla drushtini aakarshinchaledu.
1927 vesavilo, cover johns, aame bhartha mariyu vaari iddaru kumartelu californiaku vellaaru. aame modati kumarte barbara barbara janminchindi. aame rendava kumarte lessie, moodu samvatsaraala taruvaata taruvaata janminchindi. aame berkleylooni institute pharr chiled welfarelo research associatega padavini angeekarinchindi, akkada aame langitudinal oklaand groth studdy (ogs) loe paalgondi. haaroldku research director padavini andinchagaa, cover johns angeekarinchaaru berkleylooni california vishwavidhyaalayamlo institute pharr chiled welfarelo research associatega padavini angeekarinchaaru.
angeekarinchaaru cover johns berkley vidyaku sahaya professor ayyaru. aameku sambandhita anubhavam mariyu parisoedhana nirvahinchinappatikii, aame bhartha kooda vishwavidhyaalayamlo udyogam chestunnanduna aamenu puurti samayam professor kaavadaaniki anumatinchaledu. eee yugamlo eee vyatiraeka nepotism niyamam chaalaa saadhaaranam. berkleylooni california vishwavidyaalayam chivariki aaa niyamanni pakkanapettindi mariyu mariyu cover johns oka samvatsaram paatu puurti professor ayyaru. eee samayamlo, aame mariyu aame bhartha harrold abhivruddhi manastatvasaastrampai modati vidya television korsunu roopondinchaaru.
roopondinchaaru, aame american psychological association (apa) yokka abhivruddhi manastatvasaastram vibhaagaaniki adhyakshuraalaindi. adhe samvatsaramlo, aame mariyu harrold padavee viramana chesaaru, aaa tarvaata koddikaalaanike athanu gundepotuto maraninchaadu.
maraninchaadu, johns zii andukunnaru. apaa nundi stanley haall avaardu. zii. abhivruddhi manastatvasaastraaniki gurtinchadagina rachanalanu gurtinchadaaniki stanley haall avaardu pradaanam cheyabadutundi. johns chesina konni rachanalalo aame peater adhyayanam, idhi pravartana chikitsaku punaadi vesindi, mariyu bhayalanu adhigaminchadaaniki aame desensitization mariyu direct conditioning abhivruddhi. manasika parisoedhanaku sambandham laeni cover johns, pillala sankshemaaniki sambandhinchina kamiteelalo paalgontuu thana samayanni gadiparu mariyu atuvanti kaaranaalapai chaalaa samayam mariyu krushini gadiparu.
manasika parisoedhana.
"chinna peater" prayogaalu.
pramukha pravartanaa manastatvavetta zaan bii prasamgaaniki haajaravutunnappudu. watson, cover johns thana atyanta prasiddha adhyayanam, "little albert prayogam" patla aasakti kanabaricharu. eee prayogamlo, oka tella elukanu pedda shabdamtho pradarsinchinappudu, pillavaadini digbhraantiki gurichesinappudu, oka sisuvu bhayapette pratispandananu vyaktam cheyadaaniki saastriiyamgaa sharatu cheyabadindi. watson upayoginchina paddhatulanu pillalanu uddeepanaku takkuva bhayapettadaaniki upayoginchavacchaa anie cover johns aascharyapovadam praarambhinchaadu, saaraamsamlo athani phalitaalanu tippikottaadu.
eee aalochanalu aame atyanta udaharinchina paniki daariteesaayi, columbia vishwavidhyaalayamlo peater anae moodella baaludipai nirvahinchina conditioning dwara kundella bhayanni tolaginche adhyayanam. aame tella kundelu patla peater bhayanni "direct conditioning" dwara chikitsa chesindi, dheenilo kundeluto aahlaadakaramaina uddeepana (aaharam) mudipadi undhi. cover johns pillalalo ahetuka bhayalanu tolaginchadaaniki atyanta prabhaavavantamaina marganni kanugone lakshyamtho thana prayogaanni praarambhinchindi. kundella bhayam minaha shishu jeevitamlooni anni itara amsaalalo athanu saadhaarana vyaktigaa pariganinchabaddaadu kabatti peetarnu adhyayanam kosam empika chesaaru. peater kundellaku matrame bhayapadaledu; cover johns eekalu, bochu kotu, bochu rugg mariyu patthi vanti itara saaruupya vastuvulatoe samarpinchinappudu kooda athanu edustadani choopinchaadu. peetarlo bhaya pratispandananu tolaginchadaaniki aame vividha rakaala chikitsalanu upayoginchi thana prayogaalanu nirvahinchindi. peater adhyayanamlo upayoginchina thana paddhatulanu emi jarugutundo ardham chesukovadaniki "roogi, khachitamaina mariyu sramatho kuudina vidhanalu" gaa aame varninchindi. idhi aame thana guruvu watson nundi neerchukunna paddhati.
aame kundelu peater nundi 12 adugula dhooramlo undadamtho adhyayananni praarambhinchindi, mariyu kundelunu peater vellapai kotte varaku daggaragaa teesukuvacchindi. kundelu thana abhimaana aaharam (mitaayi) samakshamlo kramamga peetarku daggaragaa raavadamtho, athani bhayam taggindi mariyu chivariki athanu edavakundane kundelunu taakagaligaadu. peater thana fobianu nayam chesina taruvaata, cover johns "eah laboratory studdy off fear dhi cases off peater (1924)" anae prayogam gurinchi oka kaagitam vraasi prachurinchaadu. ippudu oka viplavaatmaka prayogamgaa pariganhinchabadinappatiki, aaa samayamlo idhi ekkuvagaa kottiveyabadindi mariyu cover johns yokka vyasamga kooda vraayabadaledu.
cover johns dwara eee adhyayanam pravartanaa chikitsalo oka nirvachinche mylurayiga kondaru pariganistaaru mariyu prayogasaalalo pravartanaavaadam elaa adhyayanam cheyabadutundane daanilo idhi oka purogati. purogati eee parisoedhananu tirigi kanugonnanduna, cover jonesnu aame snehituraalu wolf mariyu itara sahacharulu "pravartanaa chikitsaku talli" gaa pariganinchaaru. adanamgaa, eee adhyayanam desensitization aalochana mariyu saanketikata abhivruddhiki mukhyamainadi, ippudu tarachugaa bhayamtho unna vyaktini bhayapade vastuvunu sumaruga anchanaa vese uddeepanala shreniki padepade bahirgatam cheyadam dwara bhayalanu nayam cheyadaaniki upayogistaaru.
oklaand perugudala adhyayanam.
oklaand perugudala adhyayanam cover johns yokka atyanta prabhaavavantamaina adhyayanaalalo okati. berkley kalaasaala nundi deergha adhyayanala shrenilo oklaand perugudala adhyayanam moodavadi. eee muggurilo modati adhyayanam navjata sisuvulanu (1928) chuustuu berkley perugudala adhyayanam, taruvaata berkley maargadarsaka adhyayanam, preschool vayassu pillalanu (1928) chuustuu jarigindi. californialoni berkley nivasistunna pillalanu chudatam dwara rendu adhyayanalu jarigaayi. oklaand perugudala adhyayanam (ogs) cover johns mariyu aame bhartha netrutvamlo jarigindi. eee adhyayanam adhyayanam californialoni oklaandloo praarambhamaindi. eee adhyayanam aidava mariyu aarava taragatilo 212 mandhi vidyaarthulanu anusarinchindi, vaaru 1920-1921 samvatsaraala madhya janminchaaru. paalgonevaaru unnata paatasaala nundi pattabhadrulayye varaku samvatsaraaniki rendusaarlu adhyayanam cheyabaddaaru. adhyayanam yokka praathamika lakshyam saadhaarana koumaaradasanu ardham chesukovadam. vaaru saareeraka saamarthyaalu, saareeraka maarpulu mariyu thoti sambandhaalanu pariseelinchaaru. appudu vaaru 38,48 mariyu 60 samvatsaraala vayassulo yuktavayassulo adhyayanam cheyabaddaaru. yuktavayassulo adhyayanaalalo interviewlu, prasnaapatraalu, vyaktitva jaabitaalu mariyu aarogya madimpulu undevi. palgonevari chivari interview interview jarigindi, cover johns vayassu 83 samvatsaraalu.
oklaand perugudala adhyayanam nundi vacchina phalitaalu cover johns 100 patraalanu prachurinchadaaniki anumatinchaayi. alaage, eee adhyayanam nundi baga namodu cheyabadina dayta kaaranamgaa, dayta punahvislaeshanha cheyabadindi mariyu pillala abhivruddhi rangamlo itara parisoedhanalaku upayoginchabadindi. parisoedhana patla johns yokka balamaina nibaddhata mariyu adhyayanamlo paalgonevaaritho snehaanni konasaginche aame saamarthyam kaaranamgaa adhyayanam yokka vijayam paakshikamgaa pariganinchabadutundi.
oklaand perugudala adhyayanam nundi oka mukhyamaina kanugonadam emitante, chinna vayassulo ledhaa pedda vayassulo yuktavayassu dwara vellina abbayilu mariyu ammayila deerghakaalika bhavodvega mariyu pravartanaa prabhavalu. oklaand vruddhi adhyayanam yokka adanapu phalitaalu koumaaradasalo madyapaanam yokka abhivruddhi prabhavalu mariyu aardhika sthithi yokka prabhavalu.
aalasyamgaa mariyu prarambha paripakvata kaligina abbaayilatoe parisoedhana cheyandi.
pillala abhivruddhi rangamlo, antakumundu vayassulo paripakvam chendadam (yuktavayassuku cherukovadam) praarambhinchina kaumara pillalu vaari sahacharulu mariyu itara peddalache vibhinnamgaa grahinchabaddaarani mariyu chikitsa cheyabaddaarani aalochanaku maddatu ichhe konni aadharalu unnayani johns nammadu. chiled development" loe, society off research und chiled development yokka pradhana patrika, paal mussen mariyu maerii cover johns (1957,1958) prachurinchina oka kathanaalanu prachurinchindi mariyu idhi saareeraka paripakvata sthithi mariyu sweeya-bhavanala madhya sambandhaanni parisoedhimchimdi.
paal mussen mariyu maerii cover johns (1957) kaumaradasa chivarilo paripakvata sthithi mariyu vyaktitvam yokka konni amsaala madhya sambandhaanni parisoedhimchae oka adhyayananni nirvahinchaaru. mana samskrutilo, yuktavayassunu praarambhinchina abbayilanu, vaari saareeraka sthithi kaaranamgaa taruvaati vayassulo yuktavayassunu praarambhinchina abbayila nundi bhinnamgaa peddalu pariganistaarane bhavanaku maddatu ichhe aadharalu unnayani mussen mariyu johns vishwasinchaaru. prastuta adhyayanam abbayilalo gananeeyamaina thedaalu unnaya anie chuudataaniki aalasyamgaa mariyu prarambha-parinati chendina abbayila vyaktitvam yokka amsaalanu velikiteese lakshyamtho bahula vyaktitva jaabitaalanu upayoginchindi.
oka vyaktitva jaabitaalo vyaktulu mariyu vastuvula chitraalu unnaayi, mariyu parisoedhakulu prati okka baaludiki, okkokatigaa, oka chitraanni chuupimchaaru mariyu chitramlo emi jarugutundo daani gurinchi oka kathanu srushtinchamani baaludini adigaru, pillavadu thana gurinchi edho velikiteestaadani aasatoe chitraala dwara. adhyayanam yokka phalitaalu, taruvaata parinati chendina abbayilu, prarambha paripakvatalo unna abbayila kante "ananukuulamaina saamaajika-manasika vaataavaranaanni" edurkone avakaasam undani, mariyu adhi jeevitakaala prabhavalanu kaligi untundani choopinchaayi.
aalasyamgaa mariyu prarambha paripakvata kaligina ammayilatho parisoedhana cheyandi.
taruvaati samvatsaram, paal mussen mariyu maerii cover johns (1958) aalasyamgaa mariyu prarambha paripakvata koumaaradasalo unna baalikalanu upayoginchi adhyayananni punaraavrutam chesaaru. parisoedhakulu abbayila kante ammayilaku bhinnamaina parikalpanalanu kaligi unnaaru. intakumundu parinati chendadaaniki abbayilu edurkonna prayojanakaramaina saamaajika-manasika vaataavaranaalu prarambha paripakvataku vacchina ammayilaku bhinnamgaa undevi. mana samskrutilo, prarambha paripakvatalo unna ammayilanu taruvaata paripakvatalo unna ammayila kante peddalu marinta pratikuulamgaa bhaavistaaru.
prastuta adhyayanam baalura kosam pareekshinchina adhe paddhatulu mariyu vidhaanaalanu baalikala kosam pareekshinchindi mariyu phalitaalu aalasyamgaa parinati chendina baalikalu "pattubade" varaku (prarambha paripakvata gala baalikalaku samaanamaina saareeraka sthithiki cherukune varaku) prarambha-paripakvata gala baalikalu samajikamga venukabadinavaarani suuchimchaayi, aaa samayamlo, vaaru ikapai etuvanti thedaalanu grahinchaledu.
maranam.
cover johns 1987 juulai 22naa californialoni saantaa barbaralo maraninchindi. aame thana iddaru kumaartelanu vadili vellindi-lessie alegzander, aame saantaa barbaralo nivasinchi, 2020 mae 27naa kannumuusaaru, mariyu prastutam californialoni claremantlo nivasistunna barbara coats-mariyu aame aruguru manavaraallu. aame chanipoye koddi nimishala mundu, cover johns thana sodarito ilaa annadu "jeevitamlo mukhyamainadi emito neenu inca neerchukuntunnaanu".

