severon tondo

cree. sha. 200 naati severon tondo ledhaa berlin tondo, saampradaaya puraatana kaalam nundi samrakshinchabadina panel painting yokka konni udaaharanalalo okati, idhi saamraajya severon raajavamsam yokka modati rendu taraalanu varnistundi, dheeni sabhyulu 2 va sataabdam chivarilo mariyu 3 va sataabdam praarambhamlo roman saamrajyaanni paripaalinchaaru. idhi roman chakravarthy septimius severus (σεπτιπιπιος) nuu athani bhaarya "augusta" julia domna mariyu vaari iddaru kumaarulu mariyu saha-"augusty" karakalla (σεπτι) mariyu geta (σετιπι) thoo varnistundi. iddaru sodarulalo okari mukham uddeshapoorvakamgaa cheripiveyabadindi, bahusha "avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalu" loe bhaagamgaa.
veekshakudi kudi vaipuna septimius severus mariyu edama vaipuna julia domna unnaayi. vaari mundu abbayilu karakalla mariyu getaalu unnaayi. andaruu aabharanaala bangaaru pushpaguchchaalu mariyu saamraajya chihnalanu dharistaaru, veetilo konni vivaralu poyayi. eee vyaasam yokka thedhee panditulalo kontha charchaku kaaranamaindi, tudi ekaabhipraayam sumaru cree. sha. 200. tondoku padaarthaalu mariyu kalaatmaka amsaalatoe sahaa fayam mummy chitralekhanamtho aneka saileekruta sambandhaalu unnaayi, mariyu daani utpatti eee kaalamlo eejiptlooni fayam jillaalo undhi. taruvaata puraatana vastuvula vyaparam nundi tondo tirigi udbhavinchindi; 20va sataabdamloo anticansamlung berlin (jabita sankhya 31329) loki pravesinche mundu muulam teliyadu. idhi ippudu altes museumlo undhi.
vivarana.
eee pani oka tempera ledhaa guddu aadhaarita painting, vruttaakaara chekka panel ledhaa tondo meeda, dheeni vyaasam. idhi vilaasavantamaina utsava dustulu dharinchina saamraajya kutumbaanni varnistundi. septimius severus mariyu athani kumaarulu kooda raajadandaalanu pattukuni, viluvaina raallatho alankarinchabadina bangaaru pushpaguchhaalanu dharinchaaru. julia domna thana vilakshanhamaina kesalankarananu kaligi undhi, samaantara taalaalugaa, bahusha syrialoni aame inti nundi oka shaili, mariyu bahusha oka wig. julia domna roman samaajamlo wiggs dharinche aacharaanni pravesapettindani saadhaaranamgaa bhaavinchinappatikii, oka puurveekulu chitralekhanamlo wiggs vadakanni pravesapettinatlu aadharalu suuchistunnaayi. eee chitram juuliyaanu severus kante mukhyamgaa laetha rangulo unnatlu varninchinappatikii, aaa yugamloni kalaatmaka sampradaayaalu tarachugaa andamgaa unde charmam unna streelanu mariyu muduru rangu charmam unna purushulanu chithreekarinchinanduna, eee vishayaala nijamaina chaayalu bahusha khachitamgaa suuchimchabadavu.
oka koduku mukham uddeshapoorvakamgaa vigraharadhana charyalo tudichipettukupoyindi, mariyu khaalii sthalam malam thoo pooyabadindi. chaalaa mandhi panditulu idhi karakalla yokka pretorian gaardu mariyu tadupari "damnatio memoria" athani hatya tarvaata bahusha athani mukham tolaginchabadindani nammutaaru. edemaina, geta (chinna kumarudiga) chinna baaludu kaavacchu, mariyu karakalla mukham nirmoolinchabadindi, bahusha 215va samvatsaramlo yuva alegzandrian purushulanu karakalla saamuhikamgaa uriteesinanduku pariharamga. 
tondo bahusha chadarapu ledhaa deerghachaturasraakaara aakaaramlo srushtinchabadindi, taruvaata vruttaakaaramlo kattirinchabadindi. asalu chitralekhanamlo konnintini kolpovadam anedi magavaaru pattukunna raajadandaalato chaalaa spashtamgaa kanipistundihi okappudu saamraajya chihnalatho alankarinchabadina eguva bhagalu ippudu kanipinchavu. art marketlo daani ammakanni meruguparachadaaniki aadhunika kaalamlo pyaanelnu tagginchinatlu telustondi.
chaaritraka sandarbham.
severon raajavamsam cree. sha. 193 nundi 235 varaku konasaagindi. eee raajavamsam sthaapakudu septimius severus cree. sha. sha trypolitania (prastuta libia) looni lepsis magnalo janminchaadu. marcus aurelius aadhvaryamlo senate rankullo ediginanduna severus cree. sha. sha adhikaram mariyu hodaanu pondaadu. severus adhikaram pondadamtho, athanu aneka governorshiplanu pondaadu. athanu galia lugdunensis, eguva pannonia mariyu sisileelanu pattukunnadu. pattukunnadu chakravarthy commodus hatya taruvaata, pertinax swalpakaalika vaarasatvam taruvaata, severus severus thana dalaala sahayamtho adhikaranni swaadheenam chesukunnadu. taruvaati naalugu samvatsaraalu severus thana pratyarthula nundi vyatiraekatanu nivaarinchadaaniki gadipadu. chivaraku, chivaraku, saamrajyam athani ekaika adhikaaramlo bhadraparachabadindi. saamrajyam surakshitam ayina taruvaata, severus aneka vijayavantamaina sainika prachaaraalaku naayakatvam vahinchaadu, vaatilo atyanta prasiddhi chendinadi paarthiyanlaku vyatiraekamgaa jarigindi.
211 fibravarilo severus maranam taruvaata, saamrajyaanni athani kumaarulu karakalla mariyu gota samyuktamgaa palinchalsi undhi. aaa samvatsaram decemberlo, karakalla gota hatyaku gurayyadu mariyu mariyu kooda hatya cheyabade varaku ekaika palakudu. palakudu mugise varaku eee raajavamsam gandaragola vaarasatva rekhanu konasaaginchindi. 
avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalu.
athani hatya taruvaata, getaaku avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalu ivvabaddaayi. eee adhikaarika charyalo, senate athani ghnaapakaartham vyatiraekamgaa prakatinchindi. idhi mottam roman saamrajyam antataa goppa tolagimpu, vaikalyam mariyu gota tolagimpuku daariteesindi. severon tondo, gota bommaku lobadi adhikaarika damnatio memoriaku uttama udaaharanalalo okatigaa panichestundi.
nalabhai rendu samvatsaraala paatu konasagina severon raajavamsam samayamlo damnesio memoria anae bhavana daani parakashtalo undhi. severon raajavamsam paalanalo saamraajya kutumba sabhyulu mariyu pratyarthulapai avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalu upayoginchadam aneka saarlu jarigindi. konni rakaala avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalato adhikarikamga manjuru cheyabadina saamraajya kutumba sabhyulu mariyu raajakeeya pratyarthula udaaharanalaloo didius julianus, platilla, claudius albinus, elagabolus, julia somias mariyu pessenius niger unnaayi. manugadalo unna kalakhandala tando okati, idhi bhouthika vaikalyanni vivaristundi, idhi burada, offle, paint ledhaa malam kooda puraatana moolaalalo oka abhyasamga namodu cheyabadindi.
tondo prabhutva ledhaa private neepadhyaaniki chihna pradarsanagaa panichesi undavacchu, bahusha saamraajya aaraadhanaku avasheshamgaa kooda panichesi undavacchu. idhi yajamani saamraajya kutumbaaniki, paalaka raajavamsaaniki vidheyata chuupadaaniki oka maargamgaa undavacchu; idhi peetaa yokka charya ayi undedi. tandoloni getaa bommanu vakreekarinchadam, yajamani yokka vyaktigata vidheyata vyakteekarananu konasaginchi undedi. tondo nundi geta bommanu tolaginchadam dwara, yajamani kotta chakravarthy, karakalla mariyu septimius severus mariyu julia domna vaarasatvaaniki maddatu ivvadam konasaginchagaladu. geta chitram yokka eee avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaala pradarsana eee vaikalyam yokka abhyasam prabhutva smaaraka chihnalu mariyu kalaakrutulapai matrame kakunda, private settingulalo kooda jarigindani choopistundi. geta paeru, sheershika, athani chithramtho paatu, ataniki sambandhinchina daadaapu prati saasanam nundi tolaginchabaddaayi. taakabadani saasanaalu mottam sumaru muppai okka saatam. gota yokka avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalalo pedda sankhyalo chitraalu mariyu saasanaalu, gota nuu cheripivese adhikaarika charyalo roman sainyam keelaka paatra pooshinchi undavacchani suuchistunnaayi. getaagaa kakunda, karakalla hatya cheyabadinappudu, athanu sainikulache baga ishtapadinanduna adhikaarika avamaanakaramaina ghnaapakaalaku lobadi laedu. ayithe, senate atanini pattinchukoledu mariyu atanni nirankusudigaa mudra vesindi; kabatti kontamandi senatorlanu saantimpajeyadaaniki, kotta chakravarthy macrinus nissabdamgaa thana chitraalalo konnintini bahiranga pradarsanala nundi tolaginchaadu.
shaili.
severon kalaa kaalam vaari raajavamsam sthaapana samayamlo jarigina antaryuddham dwara nirvachinchabadindi. adhikara parivartana mariyu vaari praja pratishtaku sahaayapadataaniki, severan saamraajya kutumbam munupati antonin kaalanni sambandhita vigraharadhana prakriyaloo naipunhyamgaa samrakshinchindi. portraitla dwara balamaina rajavamsa rekhanu srushtinchadam dwara vaarasatva anischitini adhigaminchadaaniki septimius severus avasaram. idhi saamraajya chitralekhanam yokka praamaaneekaranhatho kooda saadhinchabadindi, idhi moodava sataabdamloo tandolo praarambhamaindi mariyu nalgava sataabdamloo pramaanamgaa maarindi. konni amsaalalo pedda parimaanamlo laeni kallu, bommala mundu sthaanam mariyu unnata taragati dustula vivaralu unnaayi. septimius severus paalanalo severon chitrana rendu vibhina sailula dwara vargeekarinchabadindih antonine-prerepita, mariyu chakravarthy yokka chitraanni greco-eejiptu devudu serapisto kalipinadi. athani maranam taruvaata, karakalla classic shaili mariyu greeku sampradaayaala nundi nishkramananu praarambhinchi, puraatana kaalam chivari sailigaa maarindi.
shaili sambandhamaina anusandhaanaalu.
tempera peyintlatho chekka panelpy unna tondo painting fayam mummy portraitla sailiki anugunamgaa untundi. maroe saileekruta sambandham emitante, tandolo aabharanaalu mariyu pushpaguchhaalanu jodinchadam. fayam chitraalalo saamskrutika gurtimpu mariyu mataparamaina aacharalanu pradarsinche mukhyamaina amsam idhi. telupu, erupu, pasupu mariyu nalupu yokka naalugu-rangula greeku palet mariyu oke kaanti muulam yokka upayogam fayam portraitlu mariyu severon tondola madhya maroka saaruupyata. migili unna aneka fayam chitraalu khananam ledhaa ghnaapakaartham sambandhinchinavi ayinappatikee, severon tondo vanti konni udaaharanalu bhinnamgaa untaayi. severon tondo oka fayum pattanamlooni oka praja bhavanamlo pradarsinchabadi undavacchu. munupati samvatsaram parthian saamrajyampai sainika vijayala taruvaata, mariyu 203 loe uttara aafrikaalo athani dandayaatralaku mundu, 199 loe septimius severus eejiptu sandarsananu jarupukovadaniki idhi chithrinchabadi undavacchu. severon tandonu srushtinchina kalakarudu pradhanamgaa fayam mummy portrait kalakarudiga niyaminchabadi undavacchu, idhi eee pani yokka saileekruta sambandhaalanu fayam mummy portraicherku vivarinchagaladu.
vivarana.
roman saamrajyam antataa karyalayalu mariyu prabhutva bhavanaalalo pradarsinchadaaniki bhaareega utpatti cheyabadina saamraajya chitraalaku eee chitram bahusha oka udaaharana; roman chattaparamaina prakriyaloo bhaagamgaa, konni patraalu chakravarthy chitram mundu santakam cheyavalasi vachindi, idhi chakravarthy yokka nijamaina samakshamlo santakam chesinatlugaa adhe hodaanu ichindi. chakravarthy prati maarputho, aaa chitram paaraveyabadi undedi ledhaa bharti cheyabadi undedi. kalapa oka sendriya padaartham mariyu saadhaaranamgaa manugada saaginchadu kabatti, severon tondo, ippativaraku, eee rakamaina painting yokka ekaika manugadalo unna namoonaga migilipoyindi.
dating.
tondo dating panditulalo kontha charchaku kaaranamaindi, amsaala vivarana mukka yokka dating, alaage serapies portrait sailiki dohadapadindi. severus nuditi eguva bhaagamlo carkscru taalaalu undatam gurinchi kondaru vaadistaaru. carkscru taalaalu unte, eee mukka yokka thedhee serapis portrait rakam prarambhanni anusaristundani suuchistumdi. kontamandi panditulu eee mukkanu cree. sha. 202 mariyu 203 madhyakaalamlo unnatlu anchanaa vestunnaru, endukante serapis chitralekhana shaili saadhaaranamgaa 204 loe praarambhamainatlu angeekarinchabadindi. tondo serapis chitra rakaniki puurvagaami anie aadharalu suuchistunnaayi. gota mariyu karakalla rendoo kireetaalu dharinchi chitreekarinchabaddaayi, idhi gota seasure ayina samvatsaram ayina 198 taruvaata painting vachindani suuchistumdi. tandolo severus vayassu sankethaalu laevu, idhi 202 kii mundu naatidi; severus yokka adhikaarika chitram 202 loe vayassu sankethaalanu pradarsinchadam praarambhinchindi. alaage, 188 loe janminchina karakalla, yuvakudigaa chithreekarinchabadindi, 205 kii mundu teedeeni suuchistumdi, athani kosam marinta parinati chendina portrait sailini pravesapettaaru. naanhela aadharalu mariyu eejiptu paryatana theedheetho paatu, kutumba chitram ippudu 199 mariyu 200 madhya nirminchabadindani bhaavistunnaaru.
muulam.
muulam paarislooni oka art dealer nundi anticansamlung berlin daanini konugolu chese varaku painting srushti taruvaata daani charitra teliyadu. idhi berlin state museumlalo (statlich musein juu berlin) okataina altes museumlo undhi.

