
tian lingji

tian lingji (maraninchina 893), maryaadapuurvakamaina paeru jhongje (maraninchina 893), adhikarikamga zin duke (maraninchina 893), tong chakravarthy jijong paalanalo saktivantamaina napumsakudu. chakravarthy jijong paalanalo chaalaa varaku, huang chavo vyavasaya tirugubaatu nepathyamlo chakravarthy jijong thoo thana sannihita vyaktigata sambandham, alaage napumsakula-aadesita shens sainyalapai thana niyantrana kaaranamgaa, chakravarthy jijong jichuwan circuitku (aadhunika chengdu, sichuanlo pradhana karyalayam) paaripoyinappudu kooda athanu adhikaranni chejikkinchukunnadu. chakravarthy jijong paalanalo chivaralo, yuddha naayakudaina wang chongrangto thana vivaadam aneka tirugubaatlaku daariteesina taruvaata athanu thana saktivantamaina sthaanaanni vadulukovalasi vachindi, idhi tong aasthaanaanni yuddhaveerulapai vaastavamgaa saktiheenamgaa chesindi, mariyu ataniki athani sodarudu chenn jingxwan, jichuwan sainika governor aasrayam icchaaru. ayithe, 891loe, chenn wang zian chetilo odipoyi, jichuvaannu vaangku longadeesukovalsi vachindi. 893loe, wang chenn mariyu tiannu champesadu.
nepathyam.
tian lingji eppudu janminchaado teliyadu. athanu modata chenn anie intiperu pettabaddadu mariyu ataniki kaneesam iddaru sodarulu, chenn jingxwan mariyu chenn jingkson (<unk>) unnaaru. ayana shu (<unk>, i) nundi vachara anedaaniki chaaritraka vruttaamtaalu asthiramgaa unnaayi.ii.aadhunika sichuwan) praantam ("kotta tong pustakam" loe athani jeevita charitra prakaram) ledhaa juu prefecture (<unk>, aadhunika juchang, haynon loe) (chenn jingxwan yokka muulaalanu vivarinchetappudu "jiji tongzian" prakaram) athanu thana dattata tandri krinda napumsakudigaa rajabhavanamloki pravesinchaadani, bahusha tian anae napumsakudu, chakravarthy yizong yokka "giantang" shakam (ID1>) madhyalo anie cheppabadindi. ayana aksharasyudu, chaalaa chadivaadu, vyuuhaalu cheyagala saamarthyam kaligi undevaadani cheppabadindi. chakravarthy yizong paalanalo, athanu saamraajya aswasaalalanu paryavekshinche napumsakudigaa panicheesaadu, mariyu athanu chakravarthy yizong kumarudu lii yaan, puu yuvarajuku daggarayyaadu.
chakravarthy jijong paalanalo.
changanpai huwang chavo daadi cheyadaaniki mundu.
chakravarthy yizong 873loe maraninchaadu, mariyu lii yaan, napumsakulu liu jingshen (<unk>) mariyu hohn venue (<unk>) maddatutoe, appudu shens sainyala commanderluga undevaaru, chakravartigaa (chakravarthy jijongga) niyaminchabaddaaru. chakravarthy jijong chakravarthy ayina ventane, athanu tian lingjeeni rajabhavana samachara prasaaraala ("shumishi") directorlalo okarigaa chesaadu, 875loe tiannu kudi shens sainyaniki commanderga niyaminchaadu. appudu 13 yella chakravarthy jijong thana samayanni aatalalo gadapadaniki ishtapadinanduna, athanu rashtra vishayalanu tian kuu appaginchaadu, mariyu tian nuu "tandri" gaa soochinche varaku vellaadu."tian chakravarthy jijongnu kalisinappudalla, athanu rendu plaetla snacks tayaruchesevadu, vaaru kalisi traagutaaru, alpaharam chestaaru. tian suuchana meraku, changan vyaapaarula sampadalo ekkuva bhaganni swaadheenam chesukuni rajabhavanam nilvalo unchaaru. firyadu cheyadaaniki dhairyam chesina evarinainaa kotti champesaru, mariyu saamraajya adhikarulu madhyavartitvam cheyadaaniki dhairyam cheyaledu.
880 natiki, tong rajyaanni vyavasaya tirugubaatudaarulu aakramincharu, veetilo atyanta balamainadi huwang chavo. saamraajya sainyalu tirugubaatlanu niyantrinchadamlo ibbandi padutunnanduna, changaon daadi cheyabadinatlayithe, chakravartini shu praantaaniki teesukelladaaniki aakasmika pranaalikanu parigananaloki teesukovadam praarambhinchindi. aaa vidhamgaa athanu appudu saamraajya rakshakula general ayina thana sodarudu chenn jingxuvaannu, alaage yang shili, niyu juu (shh), mariyu luvo yuvangao (shh) lanu, eee praantaaniki sambhaavya sainika governorluga sifaarasu chesaadu, dheenini sanchuwan (shh)-i anie kooda pilustaaru.ii.jichuwan, dongchuwan (τοχ, aadhunika mianyang, sichuwan loe pradhana karyalayam), mariyu shannon west (τ, aadhunika hanjang, shanxilo pradhana karyalayam) yokka moodu circuitlu. chakravarthy jijong vaari naluguru banthi aatanu aadela chesi, vaaru niyaminchabade kramaanni nirnayinchaadu. chenn aatanu gelichi, jichuwan yokka sainika governorga niyaminchabaddaadu, yangku dongchuwan mariyu nyuu shannon west ivvabadindi. eee kaalamlo, tian chhaansalar luu xi sahakaaramtho paripaalinchaaru.
880 sheethaakaalam natiki, huwang tong paas sameepistondi. tian mariyu chhaansalar kuyy hyang chakravarthy jijong shanchuwan praantaaniki paaripovadaaniki aakasmika pranaalikanu amalu cheyaalani suuchimchaaru. chakravarthy jijong praarambhamlo niraakarinchi, tong paasnu rakshinchadaaniki saamraajya rakshakulanu prayatninchamani tiannu aadesinchaadu. ayithe, tian sekarinchagaligina sainikulu kottavaaru mariyu anubhavam laenivaaru, mariyu vaaru appatike tong paas vadda samavesamaina saamraajya dalaalaku sahayam cheyalekapoyaru. tian otamulaku luunu nindinchaadu, mariyu luu aatmahatya chesukunnadu. aaa taruvaata athanu chakravarthy jijongnu, naluguru saamraajya yuvarajulu mariyu kontamandi saamraajya bhaaryalatho paatu teesukuni, changaon nundi paaripoyi, jichuwan rajadhani chengdu vaipu vellaadu. huwang chaangaannu teesukunnadu, praarambhamlo tian bhavanamlo nivasinchi, taruvaata rajabhavanamloki vellina taruvaata, tananu taanu kotta raashtramaina kii chakravartigaa prakatinchukunnadu.
chakravarthy jijong changaon nundi modati vimaanamlo prayaanistunnappudu.
chakravarthy jijong yokka railu modata fengziang circuitku paaripoyindi (aadhunika bavoji, shanxilo pradhana karyalayam), ikkada maajee chhaansalar jeng tian sainika governorga unnaaru. huwang chaavoku vyatiraekamgaa pratighatana charyanu paryaveekshinchadaaniki jengku adhikaram icchina taruvaata, chakravarthy jijong marintagaa shannon paschimaaniki paaripoyaadu, aapai, chenn jingxwan ahvanam meraku, jichuwan kuu paaripoyaadu. (changaon nundi eee vimaanamlo tian lingji chakravarthy jijong sodarudu lii zee, shou yuvaraju-bhavishyat chakravarthy jhajongnu avamaanaparustaadu, vimaana samayamlo, lii zee, appudu 13, saamraajya railu kaalinadakana kathinamaina bhuubhaagam gundaa velutunnanduna alasipoyina samayam undhi. athanu tanaku oka gurram ivvamani tiannu abhyardhinchaadu, mariyu tian ilaa badulichaadu, "memu ettaina parvathaalalo unnaamu. manaku gurralu ekkada dorukutaayi?"tian appudu yuvarajunu korada debbatho kottadu mariyu atanni konasaginchamani aadesinchaadu, deenivalla lii zee atanipai teevra dweshaanni kaligi unnadu.)
saamraajya railu jichuwan rajadhani chengduku cherukunna tarvaata, tian chakravarthy jijong nundi chengduku anusarinchina saamraajya raksaka sainikulaku goppa bahumatulu ivvadam dwara jichuwan dalaalanu twaragaa dhooram chesaadu, ayithe aaa bahumatulanu jichuwan dalaalatoe panchukoledu. adhikari guo kii (<unk>) firyadu chesina taruvaata, tian guoku visham icchi champadaaniki prayatninchaadu, conny viphalamayyaadu. guvo tirugubaatu praarambhinchadam dwara pratispandinchaadu, conny athani tirugubaatu twaragaa odipoyindi. salaha adhikari meng jhaavotu (<unk>) oka petitionnu samarpinchinappudu, rashtra vyavaharalapai tian mariyu chenn latho sampradinchadame kakunda, chhaansalarla salaha vinaalani chakravarthy jijongnu korinappudu, tian anachivesina meng yokka petition, bahishkarinchabadina meng, mariyu vimarsanu anachiveyadaaniki, pravaasamlo mengnu champaru. tadanantaram, pradhana chhaansalar wang dvayam huwangku vyatiraekamgaa mottam kaaryakalaapaalaku baadhyata vahinchinappudu, kaani shaatuu cheef leang sahayanni pondadaaniki napumsaka monetor yang phuguwang suuchananu sweekarinche varaku praarambhamlo viphalamaindi, 883 vasantakaalamlo, saamraajya dalaalu huwangnu oodinchi, huwangku vyatiraekamgaa kaaryakalaapaalaku commanderga vaangnu tolaginchadaaniki, huwangnu chaangaannu vidichipettina taruvaata, tian dheenini sakuga upayoginchaaru. inca, athanu chakravarthy jijongku thana rachanala gurinchi prasamsistuu petitionlu samarpinchamani chhaansalarlanu mariyu praantiiya governorlu oppinchaadu, anduvalla chakravarthy jijong tiannu anni saamraajya rakshakulaku commanderga niyaminchaadu. aaa samvatsaram taruvaata, yang phuguwang maraninchina taruvaata, tian eee avakaasaanni upayoginchi yang phuguwang bandhuvu yang phugangnu rajabhavana samachara director padavi nundi tolaginchaadu. intalo, eee samayaniki chengdulo undi, chhansalarga panichestunna jeng tian, tian mariyu chenn abhyardhanalatho ekibhavinchadaniki siddhamgaa laedu, mariyu tian lii changyan (881loe fengziang nundi jengnu bahishkarinchina jeng yokka adheenasthudu) nuu prothsahinchadam dwara pratispandinchaadu, chakravarthy jijong changanku tirigi vachhe samayaniki fengziang dwara jengnu anumatinchavaddani bedirinchaadu. jeng rajinama chesi, peng prefectureku (aadhunika chengdulo) padavee viramana cheyavalasi vachindi.
intalo, tian mariyu chenn kooda maroka general, gavo renhou, dangchuwan sainika governorga chestaanani vaagdaanam cheyadam dwara yang shilini dhooram chesaaru. 884 vasantakaalamlo yangnu chengduku pilipinchadam dwara yang teesukune yea charyanaina mundugaane nirodhinchadaaniki tian prayatninchaadu. yang tian mariyu chenlaku vyatiraekamgaa bahirangamgaa pracharam prakatinchadam dwara pratispandinchaadu. gavo taruvaata yangku vyatiraekamgaa dandayaatranu praarambhinchi, dangchuwan rajadhani zii prefecture (<unk>) nuu muttadinchaaru. yang yokka adheenamlo unna jeng junxiang (<unk>) appudu yangnu champi longipoyadu.
eee samayaniki, yang phuguwang yokka maajee sahacharulalo okaraina luu yanhang, shannon west circuitnu swaadheenam chesukunnadu. tian luu yokka adheena adhikaarulanu wang zian, hohn zian, jhang javo (<unk>), zin huyy (<unk>), mariyu lii shitay (<unk>) luu nuu vidichipetti athani vaddaku paaripovaalani pralobhapettaadu. tian appudu vaarilo aidugurini kumaruluga dattata teesukuni, vaarini imperial gaard command structurelo cherchakunda neerugaa thana aadesam krinda unchaadu. aaa taruvaata athanu lupai daadi chesi, lunu shannon paschimaanni vidichipetti paaripoyaadu. tadanantaram, 885 vasantakaalamlo, tian atanini venta teesukelladamto, chakravarthy jijong chivaraku changanku tirigi vacchaadu, ayinappatikee tian paalanapai niyantrana konasaginchadu.
chakravarthy jijong changaon nundi rendava vimaanamlo prayaaninchae samayamlo mariyu taruvaata.
ayithe, saamraajya railu changanku tirigi vacchina tarvaata, saamraajya prabhutvam oka pedda aardhika sankshobhamlo chikkukundi-endukante, huwang chavo tirugubaatu taruvaata, circuitlu saamraajya prabhutvam nundi gatamlo kante chaalaa swatantramgaa marai, mariyu vaari pannu aadaayaanni saamraajya prabhutvaaniki samarpinchaledu, idhi changaon mariyu chuttupakkala praantaala nundi matrame atuvanti chellimpunu andukuntondi. chakravarthy jijong jichuvaanlo unna samayamlo tian lingji shens sainyanni baga vistarinchadamto, saamraajya prabhutvam sainikula, adhikaarula jeetaalannintikii chellinchalekapoyindi. hejang sarkyuutlooni uppu kolanula niyantrananu aadesinchadam dwara paristhitini parishkarinchadaaniki tian prayatninchaadu (<unk>, aadhunika yuncheng, shanxilo pradhana karyalayam) tadwara aadaayaalanu punaruddharinchagala saamraajya prabhutvaaniki tirigi ivvabadutundi. hejong yokka sainika governor, wang chongrang, uppu kolanulanu vadulukodaniki ishtapadaledu, mariyu aadesaanni vyatiraekistuu padepade petitionlu samarpinchaadu. tian thana dattata kumarudu tian quangue (<unk>) nuu hejongku oka doothagaa pampinappudu paristhiti marinta teevramaindi, endukante, wang modatlo tian kwangyuni gowravamtho sweekarinchagaa, tian quangue yokka ahankaaram hejong sainikulanu baadhinchindi. aaa taruvaata wang bahirangamgaa tian quangue mariyu tian lingjeeni khandinchaadu, mariyu hejong napumsaka monetor madhyavartitvam vadda matrame wang tian kwangyuni hejong nundi velladaaniki anumatinchaadu. tian quangue changanku tirigi vachinappudu, athanu wangpai charya teesukoovaalani tian lingjeeni koraadu. 885 vesavilo, tian chakravarthy jijong, wang nuu taining circuitku (aadhunika ginning, shandonglo pradhana karyalayam kaligina staan), taining yokka sainika governor kii kerang nuu yivu circuitku (<unk> vunn, aadhunika baading, hebeelo pradhana karyalayam), mariyu yivu yokka sainika governor wang chukun nuu hejongku badilee chese saasanaanni jaarii chesaadu. wang chongrang, kopamtho, tainingku nivedinchadaaniki niraakarinchaadu mariyu leongto tananu taanu samalekhanam chesukunnadu, athanu appudu headong circuit yokka sainika governor ayyadu (<unk>, aadhunika taiwan, shanxilo pradhana karyalayam). 10 neeraalaku tian lingjeeni khandistu ayana oka petitionnu kooda samarpinchaaru. (wang chukun kooda wang changrang tarapuna madhyavartitvam cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu, conny tian longaledu.) tian, lii changyan sodarudu lii changfu (884loe lii changyan maranam taruvaata lii changyan taruvaata fengziang sainika governorga) mariyu jingan circuit yokka sainika governor juu mae (<unk>, aadhunika zian yang, shanxilo pradhana karyalayam) thoo pottu pettukunnadu.
shens sainikulu zingnon mariyu fengtiang sainikulatoe samavesamai, vaaru hejong meeda daadi chesaaru. 885 sheethaakaalamlo wang chongrang mariyu liang dalaalalo chaeri, shayuwan (aadhunika veenan, shanxilo) vadda shens/zingnon/fengziang sainyanni nimagnam chesaaru. hejong/headong dalaalu prabalamgaa unnaayi, otami taruvaata, juu mariyu lii changfu tama sonta circuitlaku tirigi paaripoyaaru. liang changan vaipu payaninchindi. tian chakravarthy jijongnu venta teesukelli fengziangku paaripoyaadu. appudu tian, chakravarthy jijong korikalaku vyatiraekamgaa, chakravarthy jijongnu shannon west rajadhani zinguan (<unk>) kuu marinta paripovalsi vachindi. eee samayaniki, raajyamlooni prajalu tian patla puurtigaa asahyinchukunnaarani, mariyu juu mariyu lii changfu, athanitho pottu pettukovadamlo siggupadi, ataniki vyatiraekamgaa tirigaaru, chakravarthy jijongnu vembadinchadaaniki sainikulanu pampaarani cheppabadindi. ayithe, vaaru vijayavantam kaaledu, mariyu saamraajya rakshakulu taruvaata jingyuvaannu swaadheenam chesukunnaru, juu yokka mitrudu shhi junshi (<unk>) paripovalsi vachindi. intalo, juu chakravarthy jijong yokka suduura bandhuvu jiang yuvaraju lii yunnu swaadheenam chesukunnadu mariyu lii yunnu changaon vadda chakravartigaa prakatinchaadu. saarvatrika khandanalanu edurkontunna tian, yang fugangnu athani taruvaata adhikaaramloki raavaalani sifaarasu chesi, tananu taanu jichuwan sainyam yokka napumsaka paryaveekshakudigaa niyaminchukunnaadu, taruvaata jichuwan kosam bayaludaeraadu.
887 natiki, juu thana adheenamloni wang jingyu chetha champabaddadu, mariyu wang chongrang lii yunnu champadu. aaa vidhamgaa chakravarthy jijong changanku tirigi ragaligadu. athanu thana anni birudulanu tolaginchi, duvan prefectureku (aadhunika jhavokwing, gwangdanglo) bahishkarinchina tian saasanaanni jaarii chesaadu. ayithe, tian appudu chenn jingxwan rakshanalo unnanduna, bahishkarana uttarvu ennadoo amalu cheyabadaledu.
intalo, tian yokka maajee adheenamlo unna mariyu dattata teesukunna kumarudu wang zian thana sainikulanu teesukoni vaarini tirugutunna raidarlanu brundamgaa marchadu, dongchuwan sainika governor gu yanlangto vadulugaa sandhaaninchaadu. wang mariyu gu tama dalaalalo chaeri jichuwan paie daadi chestaarani chenn bhayapaddadu. tian athanu jichuwan sainyamlo chaeradaaniki vaangnu pilipinchadaaniki prayatninchaalani suuchimchaadu, mariyu chenn angeekarinchaadu. 887 sheethaakaalamlo tian alaa chesaadu, conny taruvaata, tian samanlaku pratispandanagaa wang jichuwan vaipu payanistunnappudu, chenn yokka adheena lii ii (lii) athani raajyamlo wang undatam pramaadakaramani oppinchaadu. aaa taruvaata chenn marinta munduku sagakunda vaangnu aapadaniki prayatninchaadu. wang, kopamtho, chenn atanni aapadaniki prayatninchina sainikulanu oodinchi, chengdu varaku vellaadu. paristhitini parishkarinchadaaniki tian nagara godalapaiki vellinappudu, wang ataniki namaskarinchaadu, conny paristhiti tanaku ekkadikee vellanivvaledani, eee dasha nundi athanu nijamgaa tirugubaatudaarudu avtanani paerkonnaadu. wang chengdunu muttadinchaadu, conny ventane daanini swaadheenam chesukolekapoyadu. paristhitini madhyavartitvam cheyadaaniki prayatninchadaaniki chakravarthy jijong dhoothalanu pampaadu, conny chenn ledhaa wang madhyavartitvaanni angeekarinchaledu.
chakravarthy jhajang paalanalo.
chakravarthy jijong 888 vasantakaalamlo maraninchaadu, mariyu lii zee, yang fugang maddatutoe, chakravarthy ayyadu (chakravarthy jhajang gaa). intalo, wang zian kotta chakravarthiki oka petitionnu samarpinchi, chenn jingxuvaannu khandinchi, saamraajya prabhutvam chenn sthaanamlo niyaminchagala yea sainikaadhikaariki sahayakudiga panicheyaalani pratipaadinchaadu. chenn badilee cheyaalani abhyardhistuu gu anlong kooda oka petitionnu samarpinchaaru. tian patla inca dweshaanni kaligi unna chakravarthy jhajong, wang mariyu gu pratipaadananu angeekarinchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. athanu chenn sthaanamlo sainika governorga chhaansalar vii jhaavodunu niyaminchaadu mariyu saamraajya gaardula generalga panicheyadaaniki chennu tirigi changanku pilichadu. chenn niraakarinchinappudu, athanu chennu tirugubatudarudiga prakatinchi, vii, wang mariyu gu lanu daadi cheyamani aadesinchaadu.
ayithe, samyukta dalaalu chengdunu muttadinchinappatikii, chenku vyatiraekamgaa saamraajya pracharam nilichipoyindi. 891 natiki chakravarthy jhajong adhikarulu adhi vijayavantam kaadani nammaru. anduvalla chakravarthy jhajong chenn birudulanu punaruddharistuu, gu mariyu vaanglanu (chakravarthy jhajong kottagaa chekkina angping circuit yokka sainika governor birudunu (sameepamloni quiang prefectureloni aadhunika chengdulo pradhana karyalayam) vaari swantha postulaku tirigi raavaalani aadesinchaadu. vijayam aasannamaindani nammi, wang, badulugaa thana sainyanni vaangku longadeesukuni, changanku tirigi vachela veeni bedirinchaadu. wang sainyanni swaadheenam chesukuni, chengdupai teevramaina daadulanu konasaginchadu, adhe samayamlo itara nagaralanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki sainyamlooni konni bhaagaalanu pampaadu. yang sheng (<unk>) peng prefecture (<unk>, aadhunika chengdulo) nundi chengduku pamputunna sarafaraalanu kooda wang nilipivesindi.
888 saradrutuvulo, niraasaku guraina tian, nagara godala paie nundi wangto sambhaashinchaadu. chenn longipothe tiannu tandrigaa pariganinchadam konasaagistaanani wang vaagdaanam chesaadu. aaa raatri, tian wang shibiraniki velli adhikarikamga chenn mudralanu longadeesukunnaaru. wang angeekarinchi, tandri-koduku sambandhaanni punaruddharinchaalani koorutuu tian kuu kshamaapanalu cheppadu. wang jichuvaannu swaadheenam chesukunnadu. athanu chenn kumarudu chenn tavo (<unk>) nuu yaa prefecture (<unk>, aadhunika yaan, sichuwan loe) prefectga niyaminchaadu mariyu chenn jingxwan thana kodukutho paatu yaa prefectureku vellaadu. intalo, athanu tiannu chengdulo gruha nirbandhamlo unchaadu.
taanu mallii tiannu tandrigaa gowravistaanani wang prakatinchinappatikii, athanu chenn jingxwan mariyu tian maranasikshalanu aadesinchaalani padepade saamraajya prabhutvaaniki petitionlu samarpinchaadu. ayithe, saamraajya prabhutvam alaa eppuduu cheyaledu, vesavilo 893 wang vishayalanu thana chetulloki teesukoovaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. chenn tirugubaatuku kutra pannarani aaropistuu, athanu chennu champesadu. athanu tian fengtiang yokka appati sainika governor lii mavogen (lii mavogen shens sainyamlo panichesinappudu mariyu tian tarapuna madhyavartitvam cheyadaaniki prayatninchinappudu tian intaku mundu baga vyavaharinchaadu) thoo communicate chesi tiannu champesadani kooda aaropinchaadu. athanu maranaanni edurkontunnappudu, tian naara mukkalanu cheelchivesi, uriteeyabadina vyaktiki ilaa cheppadu, "neenu intaku mundu 10 sainyalanu paryaveekshinchaanu [(i.ii., saamraajya rakshakulu)]. meeru nannu sarigga champali."appudu athanu urivesevaariki linintho gonthu nulimi elaa champavacho choopinchaadu, mariyu urivesevaadu alaa chesaadu. taruvaata, chakravarthy jhajong yokka "kianing" shakam (894-898) madhyalo, aspashtamaina kaaranaala valla, tian birudulu maranaanantaram punaruddharinchabaddayi.
aadhunika suuchanalu.
hankong natudu kent tong 2014 chainees television syries "dhi grate sadaran migration" loe tian lingji paatranu pooshinchaaru.