
kaaraa bhasha (papuva nyuu ginia)

kaaraa (lemusmus ledhaa lemakote kooda) anedi 1998loe nyuu ireland provins, papuva nyuu giniyaaloni kavieng jillaalo sumaru 5,000 mandhi prajalu matlade austronatian bhasha.
lakudumou graamamlo matlade laxudumou, naalik bhashaku parivartana chendindi.
phonology.
hallulu.
karalo padnaalugu hallulu untaayi. oke hallulu oka padam yokka thala lopala, rendu acchula madhya, chivaraku mariyu rendu padaala kante takkuva madhya kramaalalo kanipistaayi. swararahita hallulu rendava hallupai oka samuuhaanni srushtistaayi. swaramtho kuudina hallulu praarambhamlo mariyu madhyavartitvamtho kanipistaayi. avi oka samuuhamloo rendava halluga kanipistaayi. oka udaaharana 'tree saap' avutundi. vividha maandalikaalu hallula vadakanni maarustaayani gamaninchavacchu. paschima kaaraa anedi acchunu konasaginche yea samayamloonainaa bharti chestundi, mariyu acchuku mundu mariyu padam chivarilo interpolate chestundi.
acchulu.
karalo padhi acchulu unnaayi. aipa acchu pattikalo vaati sthaanaaniki sambandhinchi, kaaraaloni acchulu bhasha antataa okadaanikokati viruddhamgaa untaayi. open mariyu closed aksharaalalo kendra acchulu mariyu viruddhamgaa untaayi. udaaharanalu
madhya acchulu mariyu, mariyu vaati sambandhita jatalalo okadaanikokati paripuurakaramainavi. prati jatha open aksharaalalo sambhavistundi, oka aksharam "prarambham" mariyu "kendrakam" kaligi untundi conny "kodaa" undadu.
adhika acchulu mariyu, mariyu moosivesina aksharaalalo viruddhamgaa, "prarambham", "kendrakam" mariyu "kodaa" thoo kuudina aksharam.
ottidi.
kaaraa asaadhaaranamaina ottidi ledhaa aksharalaku saapeksha praadhaanyatanu kaligi untundi. karalo ottidi anedi oka padamlooni edainaa aksharampai sambhavistundi, conny rendu aksharalu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva unna anni padaalaloo kramabaddhamaina vyavasthalo ottidini unchadaaniki anumatinche niyamaala vyavasthanu anusaristundi. ayithe, kramabaddheekarinchina vyavasthatho sambandham lekunda upasargala nundi utpannamayye aksharalu eppuduu nokki cheppabadavu. ottidi moodu kaarakaala dwara nirnayinchabadutundih acchu naanhyata, aksharam moosiveta mariyu padamlo sthaanam, acchu naanhyata atyanta mukhyamaina amsam.
aksharalu mariyu ottidi.
oka nucleus thoo unna aksharam padamlo daani sthaanamtho sambandham lekunda praathamika ottidini pondutundi.
okati kante ekkuva aksharalu mariyu oka kendrakam unna padam chivari aksharampai ottidi kaligi untundi..
nucleus ledhaa closed syllable laeni aksharam laeni padam prarambha aksharampai ottidi kaligi untundi.
vyaakaranam.
kaaraa oka kriya-vishayam-vishayam padha kramaanni anusaristundi mariyu marinta sanklishtamaina vaakyalanu roopondinchadaaniki reduplication nuu upayogistundi. shareera bhagalu mariyu bandhutva padaalu vaerugaa unchaleni swaadheenam kosam saadhyamayye evarikainaa chendinavigaa gurtinchabadaalani bhasha nirnayistundi.
kriyalu.
kaaraaloni kriyalu tatkalikamga upayoginchabadataayi, antey kaaraaloni kriyalu oka spectramnu vistarinchi untaayi, idhi chivariki oka vastuvu mariyu aaa kriya madhya bhasha elaa matladutundo nirnayistundi. matlade bhasha, matladevaru mariyu vinevaari kante churukuga matlade iddaru vyaktula madhya undaa ledhaa anie nirnayinchadaaniki kooda kriyala yokka parivartanaseelata upayoginchabadutundi. udaaharanakuh 'cheppandi' anae kriyaku praarambhakarta unnadu, conny churukuga maatlaadataaniki evaruu laeru.
reduplication.
reduplication anedi prarambha plosive hallutho padaalaloo jarugutundi. srushtinchabadina reduplicated hallu padam yokka adhe uchchaaranalo fricativga cheppabadutundi.
vidadeeyaraani swaadheenam.
rendava vyakti roopaalalo chaalaa varaku undavani gamaninchandi; idhi sambhavistundi endukante mundu ledhaa mundu vanti kramaalu matrame sambhavistaayi. oka kramamlo rendava acchu ayinanduna, mariyu thoo paatu edainaa halluku mundu kalapabadutundi ledhaa tolaginchabadutundi.

