etiyanne mcdonald

taranto yokka 1va duke (17 november 1765-25 septembaru 1840), etiyenne jackwess-joseph-alexandre mcdonald, french viplavaatmaka mariyu nepolian yuddhaala samayamlo saamrajyam yokka marshal mariyu sainika nayakudu.
kutumba nepathyam.
etiyanne jackwess joseph alegzander mcdonald fraanslooni ordennesloni sedanlo janminchaaru. athani tandri bahishkarinchabadina jacobite armi anubhavagnudu mariyu yuddha kavi neel massechen mcdonald (), scatland yokka bayati sankara jaatulalo dakshina youstloni houbeglo clanronald yokka vamsa mcdonald loe janminchaadu. neel mcdonald paarislo roman catholic archakatvam kosam kluptamgaa adhyayanam chesaadu, akkada athanu french bhaashalo praaveenyaanni abhivruddhi chesukunnadu, adhi taruvaata prins charless edward stewartku priyamainadi. 
adevidhamgaa thoti galic kavi mariyu jacobite adhikari alasdire maak migestyre alasdire maadirigaane, neel mcdonald chaalaa prasiddha vrukshajaalam mcdonald yokka sannihita bandhuvu, athanu athanu kuloden yuddhamlo odipoyina taruvaata prins charless edward stewart france nundi tappinchukovadaaniki sahayapaddadu. 
ayithe, london tower nundi vidudalaina taruvaata, vaetaadina yuvarajunu rakshinchadaaniki thana praanaalanu panamgaa pettina neel maak epine mahik shuyumays, thana bandhuvu flora mcdonaldnu teevramgaa vimarsinchaaru. vrukshajaalam nirlakshyamgaa adugulu vestundani, tadanugunamgaa enchukuni daaniki kattubadi undataaniki badulugaa, oke samayamlo stewartlu mariyu hanovarianla maddatunu pondaalani prayatninchaadani ayana aaropinchaaru. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, neel yuvarajuku thana shaashwata vidheyatanu pratigna cheyadame kakunda, fraanslo bahishkarinchabaddaadu, akkada athanu prabhuvulanu vivaham chesukunnadu.
sainika jeevitam.
jeevitam, mcdonald airish sainyamlo cheraadu, prussia raajyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa dutch republicklo viplavaatmaka paarteeki maddatugaa edigaadu mariyu 1785 april 1naa leftinentga niyaminchabaddaadu. adhi raddu cheyabadina taruvaata, athanu french raayal armi yokka airish brigade ayina dillon regimentlo oka kamishannu andukunnadu. french viplavam praarambhamlo, dillon regiment rajuku vidheyathatho undipoyindi, mcdonald tappa, athanu milli jaakabnu preminchevaadu, athani tandri utsaahabharitamaina viplavakarudu. 1791 mae 5naa, 1792 augustu 17naa vivaham taruvaata, athanu keptenga padoonnati pondaadu, mariyu 29 augustu 1792naa athanu general charless francois dumoriesku "sahayaka-dii-camp" gaa niyaminchabaddaadu. athanu gemaps yuddhamlo tananu taanu pratyekinchukunnadu, 1792 november 12naa leftinent kalnalga, taruvaata 1793 marchi 8naa kalnalga padoonnati pondaadu.
athanu dumories thoo austrianlaku firaayinchadaaniki niraakarinchaadu mariyu bahumatigaa 1793 augustu 26naa "general dii brigade" gaa niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu netherlands paie pichegru dandayaatralo pramukha brigade kuu naayakatvam vahinchadaaniki niyaminchabaddaadu. desham gurinchi aayanaku unna ghnaanam upayogakaramgaa niroopinchabadindi, 1795 janavarilo french hussar luu dutch naukaadalaanni swaadheenam chesukovadamlo ayana keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru.
pooshinchaaru, 1794 navambarulo "general dii division" gaa maarina taruvaata, athanu ippudu modata raine sainyamlo, taruvaata april 24,1798 natiki italii sainyamlo panicheesaadu.
panicheesaadu athanu italeeki cherukunnappudu, 18 october 1797naa campo formio oppandam santakam cheyabadindi, mariyu bonaparte fraansku tirigi vacchaadu; conny, berthier aadesaala meraku, mcdonald roman republicklo romunu aakraminchaadu, andulo athanu 19 november 1798naa governorga niyaminchabaddaadu, aapai champiyannetto kalisi athanu ferentino yuddhamlo general maaknu oodinchaadu, otrikoli yuddham, 5 december 1798 sivita castellana yuddham, mariyu rendu sainika vyavaharalu, modata kalvi risorta vadda, aapai 3 janavari 1799naa kapuvalo, aapai 10 janavari 1799 natiki champiyannetto vibhedaala kaaranamgaa thana padaviki rajinama chesaadu. edemaina, evaina vibhedaalu unnappatikee, purushulu naples rajyaanni jayinchagaligaaru, idhi appudu parthinopian republicga prasiddhi chendindi.
imperial russian armi general suvarov 1799 maarchilo austro-russian sainyamtho uttara italeepai daadi chesi, bonaparte vijayaalanu raddu chesi, casano mariyu shaan giuliano vadda moronu oodinchaadu. dheeniki pratispandanagaa mcdonald "armi dii napples" aadhvaryamlo uttara disagaa kadilaadu. 36, 000 mandhi purushulatho, athanu trebbia vadda suvorov yokka 22,000 mandhi purushulapai daadi chesaadu. moodu rojula poraatam taruvaata, morau nundi etuvanti sahayam andaka, athanu puurtigaa odipoyi genovaku tirigi vellipoyaadu. taruvaata, athanu versiles governorga niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu athanu palgonakapoyina, 18 broomair eeventlalo angeekarinchaadu.
angeekarinchaadu, athanu helvetic republicklo sainyam yokka aadesaanni pondaadu, germany mariyu italii sainyala madhya samachara maarpidini konasaginchadu. athanu thana aadesaalanu shraddhaga amalu chesaadu, mariyu 1800-01 sheethaakaalamlo, grissonla sainyam yokka adhipati vadda spluggen paas meedugaa kavaatu cheyamani aadesinchabaddaadu. eee vijayanni athani cheef off staff mathue dumas vivarinchaadu. idhi konnisaarlu marengo yuddhaaniki mundu bonaparte seyint bernard yokka maargamgaa gurtinchadaginadigaa pariganinchabadutundi, ayithe mcdonald yuddhamlo poradaledu.
paarisku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, mcdonald general joubert vitantuvunu vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu denmarku french rayabariga niyaminchabaddaadu. niyaminchabaddaadu tirigi vacchina athanu moreoku anubandham kaligi unnadu, tadwara nepolian patla ayishtatanu kaligi unnadu, athanu marshels yokka thana modati srushtilo atanni cherchaledu. adhe kaaranamgaane 1803 mariyu 1809 madhya nepolian ataniki sainika aadesaanni ivvaledu.
nepolian kinda.
athanu 1809 varaku udyogam lekunda unnadu, conny appudu nepolian atanni italii raajya vaisray mariyu italii sainyaniki commander ayina yuvaraju yujeen dii beauhorniseku sainika salahadaruga niyaminchaadu. aspern-nessling vadda oohinchani otamini edurkonna taruvaata, nepolian uttaraana unna yujeen sainyanni thanatho chaeradaaniki pilichadu, mcdonald thanatho cheraadu. rendava roeju vagram, mottam front venta goppa ottidi madhya, nepolian satruvu kendrampai teerani edurudaadini praarambhinchamani mcdonaldnu aadesinchaadu. mcdonald ventane nansouty aswikadalam kappabadina bhaarii moodu vaipula bahiranga-maddatu padaatidala chaturasraanni erpaatu chesi, daanini austrian shrenulaku vyatiraekamgaa visiraadu. austrian phirangula nundi bhayankaramaina praananashtam sambhavinchinappatikii, eee saahasopetamaina daadi austrian kendraanni vichchinnam chesi aaa rojunu geluchukundi.
yuddham taruvaata, mrutadehamtho nindina yuddhabhoomilo atanni kanugonadaaniki parugettina nepolian, "meeru dhairyamgaa pravartinchaaru" anie mcdonaldto cheppadu...ninnati vijayamlo chaalaa bhaagam meeku runapadi unna mea keerti yokka yuddhabhoomilo, neenu mimmalni france marshalga chestaanu. meeru chaalaa kaalamgaa daaniki arhulu."adanamgaa, nepolian ventane ataniki niples raajyamlo duke off tarantonu pratishtinchaadu.
pratishtinchaadu, mcdonald speyinlo panicheesaaru mariyu mariyu, athanu russiapy dandayaatra kosam grande armi yokka edama vibhaagaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. athanu uttaraana pampabaddaadu, conny rigaanu aakraminchadamlo vijayam saadhinchaledu. oodinchaadu, lutzen mariyu batzen yuddhaalalo palgonna taruvaata, athanu sailesiapai daadi cheyamani aadesinchabaddaadu, akkada katzbach vadda blutcher atanni goppa otamitho oodinchaadu. oodinchaadu jarigina deshaala yuddhamlo, athani dalaanni johann vaan clenou yokka IV corps (austrian) dwara libert wolkwitz vadda tarimikottaaru; edurudaadi chesinappudu, athani dalaalu gramanni tirigi swaadheenam chesukunnayi. aaa roeju taruvaata, squargenberg yuvaraju carle phillip netrutvamloni austrian pradhana sainyanni pakkaku tippadaaniki chesina prayatnaanni clenou viphalamayyaadu. leapsig yuddham taruvaata, leapsig taralimpunu yuvaraju poniyatovskytho kalisi cover cheyaalani aadesinchabaddaadu. nadipai chivari vantenanu pelchivesina taruvaata, athanu elsternu eetha kottagaligadu, conny poniyatovsky munigipoyaadu. 1814 naati rakshanaatmaka poraatamlo, mcdonald mallee tananu taanu vaeru chesukunnadu. paarisku thana padavee viramananu gamaninchadaaniki nepolian pampina maarshalslo ayana okaru. andaruu nepolian nuu vidichipettinappudu, mcdonald nammakamgaa undipoyaadu. kotta "paalana" kuu kattubadi undamani nepolian atanni aadesinchaadu, mariyu athani viswasaneeyata kosam murad bay yokka sabrenu andinchaadu.
borbans kinda.
punaruddharana samayamlo, athanu france yokka peer mariyu raayal arder off seyint yokka nait grand crossga niyaminchabaddaadu. luis; athanu vanda rojula paatu kotta kramaniki nammakamgaa unnadu. unnadu ayana legian off hohner kuu chhaansalar ayyaru, eee padavini ayana 1831 varaku nirvahinchaaru. nirvahinchaaru, raayal bodyguard yokka majer generalga, 1814 charter kinda srushtinchabadina chhambar off peers charchalalo palgonnaru, mitavaada udaravadiga sthiramgaa ootu vaesaaru. vaesaaru nepolian padavee viramana chesina taruvaata, macadonald borban racharikam krinda seva konasaginchadu. thana manasunu mataladevadu, thana abhipraayaalanu panchukoovadaaniki eppuduu venukaadu, raaju luis XVII ataniki "thana spashtamaina" anae maaruperunu icchaadu.
1830 nundi, athanu padavee viramanalo thana desheeya nivaasamaina beauly-surr-loir commune, loiretloni chaateyu dii courselles-lae-raaylo nivasinchaadu, akkada athanu 25 september 1840naa 74 samvatsaraala vayasulo maraninchaadu.
vyaktigata jeevitam.
jeevitam, athanu maerii-constance soral dii montloiser montloiser maraninchaadu) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu iddaru kumartelu unnaru
unnaru, athanu general joubert vitantuvu ayina ankere-francois dii mantolon (1780-1804) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu oka kumartenu kaligi unnadu
unnadu, athanu ernestein-theris dii borgoing (1789-1825) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu oka kumarudini kaligi unnadu
scottish vaarasatvam.
2010 april 30naa, france marshal jackwess mcdonald ghnaapakaartham mcdonald kutumba nivaasamaina dakshina youstloni bayati hebridian dveepamlo oka falakaanni aavishkarinchaaru. thana kutumba muulaala gurinchi marinta telusukovadaaniki telusukovadaaniki mcdonald dakshina quistnu sandarsinchaadu.
anchanaa.
mcdonald 1911 encyclopedia britanicalo anchanaa veyabadindi, idhi vaadinchindihi
macdonaldku dawatt, masna mariyu lansnu vaeru chese sainika medhavi evaruu laeru, ledhaa marmont mariyu seyint sairlo spashtamgaa kanipinche sainika shaastram kooda ledhu, ayinappatikee switzerlandlo athani dandayaatra ataniki oudinote mariyu dupant vanti kevalam division generals kante chaalaa unnatamaina hodaanu istundi. swatantra command kosam eee saamarthyam nepolian, trebialo odipoyinappatiki mariyu katzbach yuddhamlo odipoyinappatiki, athani kereer chivari varaku pedda aadeshaalatho atanini viswasinchelaa chesindi. oka vyaktigaa, athani paatranu murry ekkuvagaa cheppalemu; krooratvam ledhaa aviswaasam yokka yea maraka atanipai undadu.
sainika charitrakaarudu gunter ii. rothenberg thana sonta saamardhyaalanu atigaa perkonnappatiki, mcdonald oka adbhutamaina sainyaadhipati anie raasaadu. richard dunn-pattison mcdonaldnu athani "teevramaina sainika antardrushti" kosam prasamsimchaaru. zii. mcdonnell thana vruttini varusa otamulu anie pilicharu. zaan emm. nepolian naayakatvam laeni french sainyamlo sibbandi lekapovadam valla cotzbatch vadda thana otamini keef nindinchaadu, mcdonald thana migilina kereerlo vijayavantamgaa poraadaadani vaadinchaadu.
suuchanalu.
switzerlandlo thana sibbandilo unna mathue dumas mariyu segar thana sainika dopidila gurinchi namodu chesinanduku mcdonald mukhyamgaa adrushtavantudu.
1825 naati ayana diary oka vyaakhyaanamtho aanglamloki anuvadinchabadindi...

