
monacure robinson

monacure robinson (fibravari 2,1802-november 10,1891) oka american sivil injanir, railroad planner mariyu builder mariyu railroad mariyu steamboat yajamani, athanu america yokka pramukha antabellum kaalam sivil injaneerlalo okarigaa pariganinchabaddaadu. athanu vilium mariyu maerii kalasalalo mariyu sorban vadda chaduvukunnadu; athani atyanta prasiddha project philadelphia & reeding railroad.
19va sataabdam praarambhamlo aneka mandhi american injaneerla maadirigaa kakunda, robinson newyorkloni west point vadda unna united states military academylo injaneering vidyanu pondaledu. athanu united states mariyu eurup antataa sweeya-nirdesita adhyayanam mariyu injaneering prajectulanu pariseelinchadam dwara thana injaneering vidyanu pondaadu. united stateslo modati aaviri locomotive pravesapettina tommidellalo, robinson survey chesi, nirmaanaanni paryaveekshinchaaru, ledhaa 721 mailla track (ledhaa aaa samayaniki nirminchina mottam railroad tracklo moodinta oka vanthu) kosam consulting injaneergaa unnaaru. 1891loe ayana maraninchina samayamlo, 163,000 maillaku paiga track desham antataa vistarinchi undhi.
prasiddha injaneerlu benjamin henry latrobe, II, zaan edger thamson mariyu zaan bii. jervis, monacure robinson 1820-40la chivaralo mariyu aaa taruvaata, america yokka kaaluva yugam nundi railway yugam praarambhaaniki parivartana kaalam chaalaa demand kaligi undhi. 1850 natiki, american railroad yokka praathamika saanketika amsaalanu eee taram injaneerlu parishkarinchaaru.
prarambha jeevitam.
monacure robinson varjeeniyaaloni richmandlo augness conway monacure (1780-november 15,1862) kuu janminchaadu, athani bhartha zaan robinson III (fibravari 13,1773-april 26,1850), clerk mariyu taruvaata circuit kortuku nyayamurthiga unnaaru. tallidandrulu iddaroo kanya modati kutumbaalaku chendinavaaru. athani sodarudu conway robinson virginia house off delegateslo oka padaveekaalam panicheestaadu, conny chattaparamaina panditudu mariyu charitrakaarudigaa, alaage richmonds city councillo thana kaalamlo paarkulu mariyu prabhutva bhavanalanu sthaapinchadaaniki marinta prasiddhi chendaadu.
virginialo robinson kutumbam uniki 1688 naatidi, nyuu charless paarishlo. athani talli tandri, peaton conway, varjiniyaaloni stafford kounteelooni nyaayasthaanaaniki gumasta, mariyu aame kutumbam kooda scots valasadaaru-rev nundi vachindi. zaan moncure (1709-1764), akviya parish yokka deerghakaala poojaari mariyu vyavasthaapaka tandrula snehitudu georg washington, georg masson mariyu itarulu. athani sodarulu kaarii, edwin, kanve, eustase mariyu moor robinson, sodareemanulu octavia (c. 1813-c. 1880) mariyu carnelia.
vidya mariyu apprenticeship.
monacure robinson 1815 nundi 1818 varaku vilium mariyu maerii kalaasaalaku hajarayyadu. athanu graduate kaaledu, endukante 1818loe kalaasaala atanni mariyu 21 mandhi itara vidyaarthulanu lecture class kosam chaarjeelatoo kuudina vivaadamloo vadiliveyamani korindi. taruvaata nirdoshigaa telinappatiki, robinson paatasaalaku tirigi raaledu, ledhaa thana udaaharananu anusarinchi nyaayavaadi kavalane thana tandri anchanaanu neraverchaledu (athani bandhuvu ayina richard sii.ell. moncure sudeerghakaalam appeals kortuku adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru). robinson newyorklo musaida roopondinchadam adhyayanam chesi, nirmaanamloo unna erii kaaluvanu sandarsinchaaru. kanyalu ilanti kaaluva nirmaanaanni aalochistunnarani telusukuni, robinson richmond nundi ohiyo nadiki velle marganni survey cheyadaaniki praja panula bordutho oka sthaanam kosam darakhaastu chesukunnadu.
vyaktigata jeevitam.
robinson fibravari 2,1835naa charlotte randolph taylor (1815-1895) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu. adevidhamgaa kanya modati kutumbaalalo sabhyudaina aame taata edmond randolph desham yokka modati attarney general, mariyu aneka itara randolflu kooda adevidhamgaa vishishtamainavi (adhyakshudu thamus jefferson kooda randolph kutumba santatini gurtinchagaligaaru). vaari kumaarulu zaan monacure robinson (1835-1893) mariyu edmond randolph robinson; vaari avivaahita kumarte natali robinson 1880loe intlo nivasinchaaru. 1835loe praarambhamaina kutumbam philadelphia, pensylvanialo nivasinchindi, ayithe prayaana monacure robinson thana maranam varaku akkada appudappudu matrame nivasinchaaru. vaariki varjeeniyaaloni richmandlo kooda nivaasam undedi.
prarambha sarvelu.
thana yavvanam kaaranamgaa udyogam niraakarinchinappatikii, utsaahavantudaina 16 yella robinson sarveyarlatho swachchanda sevakudigaa velladaaniki anumatinchabaddaadu. virginiaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, robinson james river companylo injanir sahayakudiga panicheesaaru, thana sthaanika raashtramlo kaaluvala kosam survey paniloo sikshana pondaaru. aaa taruvaata athanu airopalo thana vidyanu konasaginchadu, akkada athanu prapanchamlooni modati railroad karyakalapalanu chushadu mariyu neerchukunnaadu. moodu samvatsaraala taruvaata, virginia board off public works james nadhi kaaluva kosam podigimpunu gurtinchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki robinsonnu niyaminchindi. robinson virginialo aalochinchina daanikante takkuva konda maargamlo unna erii kaaluva nirmaanaanni chuudataaniki newyork vellaadu. aaa sandarsana ravana mariyu vaanijya saadhanamgaa kaaluvala kante railumargala prayojanaalanu ataniki oppinchindi. virginia board off public works kuu ayana icchina nivedika tadupari kaaluva abhivruddhi yokka prayojanaalanu vivaadam chesindi, mariyu daani sthaanamlo railumargalanu prasamsimchimdi. utsaaharahita pratispandananu edurkonna robinson thana padaviki rajinama chesi, aaa samayamlo, railrodlanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki tananu taanu ankitam chesukunnadu.
robinson appudu airopaku prayaaninchi, 1825 nundi 1827 varaku paarislooni ekol dess ponts ett chouses, sorbonelo sivil injaneeringnu marinta adhyayanam chesaaru. eurup paryatanalo, robinson ingland, netherlands, france mariyu italeelo kenal, harber, bridge mariyu railroad injaneeringnu kooda adhyayanam chesaaru.
railu nirmaanam.
1828-1829 loe, pensylvania robinsonnu rashtra anthracite boggu praantaalu, eguva susquehanna nadhi kaaluva vyavastha mariyu eguva susquehanna mariyu skylkill nadula kaaluva vyavasthalanu boggu kshetraalato anusandhaaninche danville mariyu patsville railroad (dii & pii) yokka bhaagaalanu survey cheyadaaniki niyaminchindi. monacure robinson kaaluvalapai railroadla prarambha nyayavadiga migilipoyadu, 1830la praarambhamlo dii & pii railroad mariyu inclinela bhaagaalato sahaa desamloni aneka prarambha railroadla nirmaanaaniki pratyakshamgaa vacchaadu.
1829loe, pensylvania yokka "pradhana praja panula maargam" philadelphia nundi pitsburg varaku kaaluva mariyu railroad maargamlo kontha bhaganni survey cheyadaaniki robinsonnu niyaminchindi. ayana praarambhamlo chesina uttama pani eleghany portez railroad yokka survey mariyu design, eleghany parvataalapai padhi vaalu mariyu sthaayi railroad yokka 36 mailla kalayika, holidaysburg nundi johnstowne varaku, idhi thoorpu vaipuna unna rashtra kaaluvanu paschimaana ohiyo nadhi paarudalalo maroka rashtra-subsidy kaaluvato anusandhaaninchindi. eee sarvelo united stateslo nirminchina modati railroad sorangam kooda undhi, idhi injaneering mylurayiga maarindi. prarambha british paddhatula aadhaaramgaa roopondinchina, kondaru dheenini kaaluva yugamlo goppa vijayalalo okatigaa paerkonnaaru.
robinson kooda mahanay mariyu shamokin boggu bhoomulalo linelanu survey chesi, chivariki bhoomulalo kontha bhaganni swaadheenam chesukunnadu. athanu chinna skylkill railroad, 1830-1831 kosam sivil injanir, mariyu anthracite desamlo catavissa railrodga maarindi (chadavadamlo taruvaata bhaagam). annintikee vaalu mariyu kaaluvalato anusandhaaninchabadi undevi-ippatikee railu margalu neeti/kaaluva ravana vyavasthalaku anubandhamgaa unde prarambha british sampradaayamlo unnaayi. anthracite praantamlooni chinna boggu railroadlaloo okadaanni nirmistunnappudu, robinson pensylvanialoni port clinton post masterga kooda panicheesaaru, akkada athani prarambha illu ippatikee undhi. athanu mails teesukelladaaniki railla vadakanni kooda prothsahinchaadu.
tirigi thana sthaanika virginialo, robinson 1831loe puurtayina, vamputho padamudu mailla boggu rahadari, chesterfield railrodnu nirminchaadu, virginialo modati railroad, robinson richmond chuttoo itara chinna linela nirmaanaanni kooda darsakatvam vahinchaaduh richmond & pietersburg, richmond, frederixburg & potomac (idhi athani sodarudu conway robinson adhyakshudiga panicheestunnaaru), mariyu winchester & potomac. 1833loe, 31 samvatsaraala vayassulo, robinson richmond nundi linchberg gundaa, taruvaata kotta nadhi loya varaku, mariyu ohiyo nadhi varaku oka goppa railroad prajectuku pradhana injanir ayyadu. robinson oka sarvenu puurti chesinappatiki, prastuta (samasyaatmakamaina mariyu asampoornamaina) james nadhi kaaluva maddatudaarulu companyki praja nidhulanu addukunnaru, kabatti idhi nirmaanaaniki taginanta nidhulanu sekarinchalekapoyindi, ayithe dasaabdaala taruvaata chesapeak & ohiyo railroad eee marganni nirminchindi.
intalo, robinson pensylvaniaku tirigi vacchaadu. 1833loe ayana american taatvika samaajaaniki ennikayyaaru. 1833-1834 loe, athanu tamakwa boggu kshetraalalo oka railrodnu kooda survey chesaadu, shamokin loyalo marinta dii & pii nirmaanaaniki darsakatvam vahinchaadu, marokati pots ville sameepamlo maroka boggu line nirminchaadu. 1834-1840 samayamlo, robinson kotta philadelphia mariyu reeding railroad yokka cheef injanir ayyadu mariyu line nirmaanaaniki darsakatvam vahinchaadu, indulo adbhutamaina raathi vantena mariyu 1,932 adugula podavaina sorangam unnaayi, idhi ippudu athani kireeta vijayaluga pariganinchabadutundi. patsvilleloni pradhana anthracite boggu kshetraala nundi chadavadam varaku mariyu taruvaata philadelphialoni anusandhaaninche railroadlu mariyu naukaasrayaaniki nirminchina 93-mailla railroad united stateslo modati double track mainline (british modal taruvaata). eee maargamlo united statesloni tommidi modati railroad soramgaalalo moodu unnaayi, mariyu chuurnam chesina raathi balastnu upayoginchina modatidi anie nivedinchabadindi. (1828-9 loe, robinson thana modati railrodlanu-eleghany portez mariyu danville & patsville railrodlanu-double track linelugaa roopondinchaaru, conny veetilo rendu tracklatho merugga panichese vaalu unnaayi; patanam anedi praarambhamlo double tracklanu drushtilo unchukuni roopondinchina modati pradhana line, ayithe 22 'wide gradetho matrame taruvaata vistarinchaalsina avasaram undhi). vistrutamaina boggu kshetraala kaaranamgaa, patanam yuu. ess loe atyanta laabhadaayakamaina railumargalalo okatigaa maarindi. ess. idhi dibbalu laeni monacure robinson yokka modati parvata railrodga kooda pariganinchabadindi-idhi feeder boggu rahadaarula kaaluva yugam nundi neeti ravana/kaaluvalaku parivartana gurinchi oka prakatana. chadavadam anedi skylkill kaaluvaku samaantaramgaa undhi, 1840la natiki turnpikelu mariyu kaaluvalapai railroad yokka aadhipatyaanni niroopinchindi; tadwara railroadlu 19va sataabdapu lothattu ravana vyavasthagaa marai.
gurralu mariyu gaadidalu, gurutvakarshana mariyu vaalu meeda sthiramaina aaviri yantraalu, monacure robinsons railrodlapai modati prerana shakti. robinson incline vyavasthalapai petentlanu kaligi unnappatikee, modati nundi, athanu railroadla kosam british nirminchina lokomotivlanu, mukhyamgaa iteevala puurtayina 0-4-0 lanu brief fair baxto sifaarsu chesaadu. 1830la madhya natiki, american mechanics daani lead swivel truck ledhaa pailat chakraalatho-zaan bii jervis roopondinchina mohak & hudson-nuu paripuurnamgaa chesindi-mariyu 1830la chivaralo virginia mariyu pensylvanialo steeper grade railroadla kosam robinson veetini sifaarsu chesaaru. chadavadaaniki, athanu british mariyu american tayaaru chesina lokomotivlanu arder chesaadu. ayithe, marinta shakti kosam, 1839loe thana london banker paeru meeda pettabadina mottamodati 4-4-0 locomotivelalo okataina "gowan & marks" roopakalpanaku ayana sahayapaddadu. appati varaku atyanta saktivantamaina locomotivenu philadelphiaku chendina eastwick & haarisan nirminchaaru, mariyu chadavadam dwara upayoginchina boggu kshetraalaku idhi anuvainadigaa niroopinchabadindi.
1840loe, robinson russia jaar nundi oka pratishtaatmaka railroad nirmaana karyakramanni nirdesinchadaaniki pratipaadananu tiraskarinchaadu, conny jaar, us prabhutvam mariyu itara praantaalaku salahadaruga panicheesaadu. eee samayamlo athanu thana sampradimpula panini vistrutam chesi, pratipaadita newyork & erii railroad, newyork naukashraya merugudalalu mariyu itara prajectulapai nivedikalanu andinchaadu. 1839loe, benjamin latrobe, zaan jervis, zhe edger thamson, claudius croset, horassio allen, henry camp bell (mariyu itarulu) thoo, robinson philadelphialo american society off sivil injaneerlanu nirvahinchadaaniki sahayapaddadu. samstha ksheeninchinappudu, robinson 1852loe newyorklo nyuu american society off sivil injaneersnu erpaatu cheyadaaniki sahayapaddadu, mariyu taruvaati samvatsaram kotta samstha robinsonku gourava sabhyudini ennukovadam dwara daani atyunnata gowrawaalalo okadaanni pradaanam chesindi. robinson "podavaina mariyu andamainavaadu" gaa varninchabaddaadu... challani, buudida kallu, oka aakvilain mukku, mariyu athani mukham yokka edama vaipuna oka maccha, adhi athani noti muula nundi athani cheviki parigettindi. mahilalu atanni aakarshanheeyamgaa kanugonnaru."
chadavadampai pani chestunnappudu, robinson itara railroad prajectulanu chepattadu. athanu 1838loe puurtayina richard mariyu pietersburg railroad kosam varjeeniyaaloni manchester mariyu richmond madhya james nadipai gambheeramaina vantenanu nirminchaadu. eee 19-spaan vantena kalapatho nirminchina atyanta aakattukune pattana jaalaka trus vantena. virginialo vyaparam peragadam valla, athanu thana bandhuvu virt robinsonnu reeding cheef injaneergaa vidichipettadu. 1840 mariyu 1847 madhya, monacure robinson thana sodarudu conway (mariyu taatkaalika adhyakshudu) taruvaata richmond, frederixburg mariyu potomac railroad adhyakshudiga vijayam saadhinchaadu mariyu taruvaata linelo thana aasaktini konasaginchadu (maroka sodarudu edwin robinson athani taruvaata presidentga 1847-1860, mariyu athani kumarudu zaan line adhyakshudu 1871-1878 ayyadu). monacure robinson kooda richmond nundi ohiyo nadhi varaku oka line kosam vaadinchadam konasaginchadu, idhi baltimore mariyu ohiyo (latrobe cheef injanir), pensylvania (thamson cheef injanir, taruvaata president), mariyu erii kaaluvaku samaantaramgaa varusa lainlatho pootii padutundi, taruvaata newyork central (jervis cheef injanir) gaa nirvahinchabadindi, ivanni 1840-50laloe ohiyo loya/midwestlo nirminchabaddaayi.
manager mariyu financier.
1840la chivari natiki robinson sivil injaneering nundi, nirvahana mariyu aardhika rangam vaipu maararu. 1830laloe reeding railroad kosam inglandlo vijayavantamgaa nidhulanu sekarinchina taruvaata, athanu marinta ekkuvagaa financing mariyu direction project vaipu moggu chuupaadu. robinson vividha railu mariyu neeti ravana companylaku churukaina stock holder mariyu/ledhaa director ayyadu-seaboard & ronok railroad, chesapeak & delaware kenal, chester valley railroad, pensylvania railroad, philadelphia, wilmington & baltimore railroad, chesapeakpai steamboats mariyu itara aastulu-thana philadelphia inti nundi thana holdingsnu nirvahinchadam.
american antaryuddham samayamlo, athani kumarudu zaan monacure robinson seaboard mariyu ronok railroad adhyakshudiga unnaaru mariyu saadhaaranamgaa uttaraana konugolu chese sarafara kosam dakshinaadi utpattulanu pratyamnaayamgaa upayoginchadamlo garvamgaa unnaaru (timingalam noone kosam bekan greeju vantivi, mariyu daani swantha sabbunu kooda tayaaru cheyadam). ayithe, sainika avasaralu confederate secretory off vaarnu inumu vanti keelaka railroad saamaagrini itara pradaesaalaku pampamani aadesinchadaaniki daariteesaayi, mariyu norpolk & pietersburg mariyu seaboard & ronok railroad track rendintinee naasanam cheyaalani kooda aadesinchaayi, mukhyamgaa pietersburg nundi weldon, north carolina (gatamlo pootiidaaru) varaku unna line. samakhya dalaalu oka locomotivenu swaadheenam chesukunnayi, mariyu itara rolling stacknu itara railrodlaku leejuku icchaayi. mae 1863loe union dalaalu varjiniyaaloni carsville sameepamlo oka vantenanu swaadheenam chesukuni, rakshinchabadina marganni norphoku pampai, alaage safolk mariyu kilbe madhya (5 adugula vedalpu) ess & aarr line irukainavi, tadwara dheenini yuu loe bhaagamgaa nirvahinchavacchu.ess. sainika railu maargam. intalo, athani daayaadula (conway robinson kumaarulu) udaaharananu anusarinchi, monacure robinson kumarudu zaan emm. robinson oka samakhya keptenga oka kamishannu angeekarinchaadu mariyu 1863loe nairuti virginialo general saam johns aadhvaryamlo injaneering adhikariga panicheesaadu. athanu union digbandhanaanni kooda nadipadu mariyu airopalo aidu virginia railroadlu mariyu confederate prabhutvaaniki pratyeka konugolu agent ayyadu. 38va uttara carolina padaatidalaaniki chendina company bii commanderga, zhe.emm. robinson general robbert eeki haajaravutaaru. appomatox kortu house vadda longipoyinappudu lii. taruvaata athanu richmond, frederixburg & potomac railroad adhyakshudayyadu, conny potomac nadipai steamboat sevanu tagginchadampai thana tandritho teevramaina vivaadamloo rajinama chesaadu (ayinappatikee iddaroo vaari jeevitaala chivarilo raajeepadataaru). kepten robinson baltimore aaviri packett company (a/k/a bay line) alaage ess & aarr railroad adhyakshudiga maararu, mariyu baltimore, portsmouth, raalee, hamlet, abeville mariyu atlanta madhya railu-neeti sevanu abhivruddhi chestaaru.
yuddham taruvaata, monacure robinson, athani kumarudu zaan monacure robinson, maajee confederate general vilium mahon mariyu north carolina vyaapaaravaetta alegzander boyd und cruuse pettubadidaarulato kalisi short-line railroadla shrenini ekikrutam cheyadaaniki vijayavantamgaa panicheesaaru, idhi seaboard air line railroad mariyu ship systemga maarindi. thamus eah chesina prayatnaanni vaaru viphalamayyaru. pensylvania railroad shrenula dwara edigina scott, thoorpu samudra teeram vembadi oka vyavasthanu nirminchadaaniki, yuddham taruvaata chesapeak mariyu ohiyo railrodnu pondaadu. badulugaa, zaan monacure robinson appudu norphoke mariyu richmond, virginia nundi atlanta, georgia mariyu birmingham, alabama varaku eee pradhana, dakshina trunk lineku superintendent ayyadu. 1873loe bhayandolana samayamlo kooda (idhi mahon saamrajyaanni, varjiniyaaloni kotta ganatantra paarteeni chaalaa varaku naasanam chesindi) samudrateera rahadari laabhaalanu choopinchindi mariyu kramam tappakunda vaarshika dividendlanu prakatinchindi.
1887loe, 85 samvatsaraala vayassulo, monacure robinson thana chivari railroad nirmaana prajectnu puurti chesaadu, idhi carolinas loe 18-mailla palmetto railroad, idhi richmond nundi floridaaku samudrateera marganni anusandhaaninchadaaniki sahaayapadindi.
maranam mariyu vaarasatvam.
robinson 1891 november 10naa philadelphialo maraninchaadu mariyu laurel hill smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaadu. athanu thana sodarudu conway robinson nundi edu samvatsaraalu batiki unnadu (conway yokka sareeram khananam kosam richmandku tirigi ivvabadutundi). monacure robinson vitantuvu athani nundi naalugu samvatsaraalu jeevinchi undindi; vaari kumarudu mariyu railroad maan zaan emm. robinson vaari chivari samvatsaraallo thana tandritho rajipaddadu, conny rendu samvatsaraalu matrame jeevinchaadu. oka yuvakudigaa, monacure robinson kotta republic yokka modati railroad sivil injaneerlalo okadani prasamsalu telipevaaru gurthu chesukunnaru. robinson 1873 septembaru 11naa (conway maranaaniki konni nelala mundu) thana veelunama vrasadu, mariyu akviya episcopal charchi, akviya, virginia (athani taata akkada gowravinchabaddaaru, mariyu athani tallidandrulu mariyu aneka mandhi daayaadulu akkada khananam cheyabaddaaru-robinson trust ippatikee smasaanavaatika nirvahanaku nidhulu samakuurustumdi) samrakshana kosam oka endomentnu vadili vellaadu. athani vyaktigata patraalu mariyu robinson kutumbam yokka patraalu vilium mariyu maerii kalaasaalalooni pratyeka sekaranala parisoedhanaa kendram chetha nirvahinchabadutunnaayi.
keerti.
robinson united stateslo pramukha railroad injanir ayyadu, injaneering exalence mariyu executive tolent kosam antarjaateeya khyaatini pondaadu mariyu athani padavee viramana samayamlo vividha railroad prajectulapai sampradimpulu konasaginchadu. united stateslo atyanta vishishtamaina sivil injaneerlalo okaru" mariyu "america yokka mottamodati railvela medhavi" anie piluvabade robinson, desham yokka goppa railroad vyavastha yokka prarambha abhivruddhi mariyu vruddhiloo keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru. athanu frederic jaabitaanu prabhaavitam chesaadu, dheenini "german railroadla pitamahudu" anie pilustaaru mariyu maikhel chevalier, luis philippe aadhvaryamlo praja panula mantri mariyu fraanslo atyanta pramukha injanir.

