
mosasar

mosassource (latin "mosa" antey "muse", mariyu greeku "antey" balli ") chivari critatius nundi antarinchipoyina, pedda samudra sareesrupaala samuuhaanni kaligi untaayi. vaari modati shilaja avasheshaalu 1764loe muse looni mastrict vadda unna sunnapurayi kwarilo kanugonabaddayi. avi ballulu mariyu paamulatho kuudina squamata shreniki chendinavi.
mosassourlu bahusha 42 varninchabadina jaatulato prarambha chivari critatius loe igealosaurs anie piluvabade antarinchipoyina jala ballula samuuham nundi udbhavinchaayi. critatius kaalam yokka chivari 20 million samvatsaraalalo (turonian-mastrictian yugaalu), ichthiosaurs mariyu pleosource antharinchipovadamtho, mosassourlu prabalamaina samudra mamsaharuluga marai. sumaru 66 million samvatsaraala kritam cretatius kaalam chivarilo keey-piji sanghatana phalitamgaa avi antarinchipooyaayi.
vivarana.
mosassourlu gaalini peelchukunevaaru, saktivantamaina eethagaallu, mariyu cretatius kaalam chivarilo prabalamgaa unna vecchani, nissara lothattu samudraalalo nivasinchadaaniki baga alavaatu paddaru. mosassourlu eee vaataavaranaaniki entha baga anugunamgaa unnayante, avi samudra tabella maadirigaane gudlu pettadaniki tiiraaniki tirigi rakapovadam kante, chaalaa varaku yavvanamlo jeevinchadaaniki janmanichaayi.
athi chinna mosasar "dallasaurus turnery", idhi podavu kante takkuvagaa undhi. pedda mosassourlu marinta vilakshanhamainavi, aneka jaatulu vaati kante ekkuva kaalam perugutaayi. "mosasaurus hofmanini", ippativaraku telisina atipedda jaathi, conny idhi cleary mariyu itarulache atigaa anchanaa veyabadinatlu pariganinchabadindi."(2018). prastutam, prapanchamlone atipedda bahirangamgaa pradarsinchabadina mosasar asthipanjaram manitobaloni mordenloni kenadian shilaja aavishkarana kendramlo pradarsinchabadindi. brus" anae maaruperuto unna namuunaa chaalaa podavugaa undhi, conny idhi atigaa anchanaa veyabadavachhu, endukante asthipanjaram daani asalu vennupuusa sankhyanu atisayoktigaa kanugonna jaatula yokka 2010 punahpariseelanaku mundu pradarsana kosam sameekarinchabadindi, idhi jantuvu yokka vaastava parimaanam bahusha chinnadi anie suuchistumdi.
mosassourlu aadhunika monetor ballula (varanids) maadirigaane shareera aakaraanni kaligi unnaayi, conny eetha kosam marinta podavainavi mariyu kramabaddheekarinchabaddayi. vaari avayavaala emukalu podavu taggai mariyu vaari podavaina vaelu mariyu kaali emukala madhya valalu veyadam dwara vaati teddulu erpaddaayi. vaari thokalu vedalpugaa undi, vaari locomotive saktini sarafara chesevi.
iteevali kaalam varaku, mosassourlu eee roeju kangar eels mariyu samudrapu pamulu upayoginche paddhati maadirigaane eetha kottinatlu bhavinchabadevi, vaati mottam sariiraalanu pakkapakkane alumukunnayi. edemaina, aneka adhunaatana mosasaurs vaati thokala chivarlalo sorachepalu mariyu konni ichthiyosaarla maadirigaane pedda, ardhachandraakaarapu flukulanu kaligi unnayani kotta aadharalu suuchistunnaayi. paamu lanty alalanu upayoginche badulu, vaati thokalu balamaina chodananu andistundagaa, vaati sareeraalu neeti gundaa lagadanni tagginchadaaniki drudhamgaa undochu. eee jantuvulu vaetanu vembadinchadam kante vaegamgaa mariyu saktivantamgaa daachi undi, dhooki undavacchu.
prarambha punarnirmaanaalu dorsal crestlatho mosasourlanu vaati sareeraala podavutho naduputunnatlu choopinchaayi, ivi tracial mrudulaasthi yokka tappugaa gurtinchabadina avasheshaalapai aadharapadi unnaayi. eee lopam kanugonabade samayaniki, kalaakrutiloo atuvanti sikharaalato mosasourlanu chithreekarinchadam appatike oka dhoranigaa maarindi.
polyobiology.
mosasaurs rendu-keella davadalu mariyu anuvaina purrelanu kaligi undevi (chaalaa varaku paamula maadirigaane), ivi tama eranu daadaapu puurtigaa peelchukoovadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi. dakshina dakotaku chendina "tylosaurus prorigor" yokka asthipanjaramlo diving samudra pakshi "hesperornis", oka samudra emuka chepa, oka shark mariyu marokati, chinna mosasar ("clidasts") avasheshaalu unnaayi. sorachepa dantaalatoe kuudina mosasar emukalu kooda kanugonabaddayi.
mosassourla aahara padaarthaalalo okati ammonitelu, "natilus" maadirigaane gundlatho kuudina molasklu, ivi cretatius samudraalalo samruddhiga undevi. konni ammonitela shilaja gundlalo, pradhanamgaa "pachidiscus" mariyu "maavi" loe randhraalu kanugonabaddayi. ivi okappudu ammonaitlaku limpetlu tamanu taamu jodinchukunna phalitamgaa ardham chesukobaddayi, ayithe randhraala tribhujaakaara aakaram, vaati parimaanam mariyu eguva mariyu diguva davadalaku anugunamgaa shellaku rendu vaipula vaati uniki, madhya taraha mosassourla katuku nidarsanam. eee pravartana anni parimaanaala mosassourla taragatulalo saadhaaranamainadaa anedi spashtamgaa teliyadu.
vaastavamgaa anni roopaalu chepalu mariyu ammonitela churukaina maamsaahaarulu; "globidence" vanti konni, moddubaarina, golaakaara dantaalanu kaligi undevi, ivi molask shellanu anichiveyadamlo pratyekata kaligi undevi. platecorpus" mariyu "dallasaurus" vanti chinna jaatulu, ivi daadaapu podavugaa undevi, bahusha chepalu mariyu itara chinna vaetanu tintaayi. chinna mosassourlu aaharam kosam vaetaadutuu manchineetilo kontha samayam gadipina undavacchu. atipedda mosasar "mosasaurus hofmanini" chivari critatius mahaasamudraala yokka agrashreni predator, idhi podavu kante ekkuva mariyu shareera dravyarashi varaku baruvu kaligi untundi.
mruduvaina kanajaalam.
prapanchavyaaptamgaa aneka mosasar avasheshaalu sekarinchinappatiki, vaati charmapu kavachaala swabhaavam gurinchi ghnaanam daani prarambha dasallone undhi. prapanchavyaaptamgaa sekarinchina konni mosassaurid namuunaalu shilaja sthaayi mudralanu kaligi unnaayi. eee korata pramaanaala sunnitamaina swabhaavam kaaranamgaa undavacchu, idhi samrakshana avakshepana rakalu mariyu samrakshana jarigina samudra paristhithulatho paatu, samrakshana avakaasaanni dadapuga tolagistundi. jordanloni haranah yokka muwakkar chaak maarl nirmaanam yokka chivari mastrictian nikshepaala nundi gurtinchadagina vidhamgaa baga samrakshinchabadina scale mudralatho aneka mosasar namuunaalanu kanugone varaku, mosasar integment yokka swabhaavam gurinchi ghnaanam pradhanamgaa consasloni gove county nundi prasiddha "tylosaurus" namuunaa (kuv-1075) vanti eguva santonian-takkuva campanion naati prarambha mosasar silaajaalanu vivarinche chaalaa takkuva khaataalapai aadharapadi undhi.
jordan nundi vacchina padaartham mosassourla sareeraalu, alaage vaari vellu mariyu kaali madhya poralu, paamulanu pooli unde chinna, ativyaapti chendutunna, vajraala aakarapu poralatho kappabadi unnayani choopinchindi. aadhunika sareesrupaala maadirigaane, mosasar pramaanaalu sareeram antataa rakam mariyu parimaanamlo maarutuu untaayi. haranah namoonaalalo, oke namoonaalo rendu rakaala pramaanaalu gamaninchabaddayi shareera eguva praantaalanu kappi unche keel chesina pramaanaalu mariyu diguva bhaganni kappi unche mruduvaina pramaanaalu. daadiki palpade mamsaharuluga, rahasya vyuuhaalanu upayoginchi eranu dachipetti, twaragaa pattukuni, avi pratibimbimchani, keyled scale nundi prayojanam pondhi undavacchu. adanamgaa, mosasaurs pedda pectoral nadumu kaligi undevi, mariyu "plotosaurus" vanti jaatulu vetapai daadi chesetappudu adanapu vegaanni pondadaaniki breast stroke kadalikalo vaari mundu flupperlanu upayoginchi undavacchu. 
iteevala, "platecorpus tympaneticus" yokka silaajaalu kanugonabaddayi, ivi charma mudralanu matrame kakunda, antargata avayavalanu kooda samrakshinchaayi. silaajamlooni aneka errati praantaalu gunde, oopiritittulu mariyu moothrapindaalanu suuchimchavachchu. kantilooni reteinalo kontha bhaagamtho paatu swaasanaalam kooda samrakshinchabadutundi. moothrapindaala sthaanam monetor ballula kante pottikadupulo marinta munduku untundi mariyu idhi seatatianla maadirigaane untundi. setatianla maadirigaane, oopiritittulaku daariteese swaasanaalaalu monetarlu mariyu itara bhusambandha sareesrupaalalo vale okadaanikokati vidipoye badulu okadaanikokati samaantaramgaa nadustaayi. mosasourlalo, eee lakshanaalu puurtigaa samudra jeevanasailiki antargata anusaranalu kaavacchu.
2011loe, critatius naati "prognathodon" haemerous nundi collagen protein tirigi pondabadindi.
2005loe, oka cases studdy dwara a.ess. shulp, ii.doubleu.oka gaddam, mariyu k. mosassourlu tama angililo fenestraanu jatha chesaarani schwenk vivarinchaaru. monetor ballulu mariyu paamulalo, jatha chesina fenestray oka forked naalukatoe mudipadi untundi, idhi rasayana jadalanu gurtinchadaaniki mariyu vaasana yokka disaatmaka bhavanni andinchadaaniki lopaliki mariyu velupaliki tippabadutundi. anduvalla mosasourlaku kooda sunnitamaina naaluka undavacchani vaaru pratipaadinchaaru.
jeevakriya.
2016loe tii. prachurinchina oka adhyayanam. linn haarel, alberto perez-huerta mariyu selena suvarez mosassourlu endothermic anie chuupimchaaru. mosassourlu ectothermic anie suuchistuu 2010loe prachurinchina phalitaalanu adhyayanam vyatirekinchindi. 2010 adhyayanam poolika kosam vecchani-rakta jantuvulanu upayoginchaledu, conny saadhaarana samudra jantuvula saaruupya samuuhaalanu upayoginchindi. aadhunika vecchani-rakta jantuvulu mariyu adhe kaalaaniki chendina telisina challani-rakta jantuvula silaajaalato polikala aadhaaramgaa, 2016 adhyayanam mosassourlu samakaaleena samudra pakshula maadirigaane shareera ushnogratalu kaligi unnayani mariyu chuttupakkala neeti kante vecchagaa undataaniki vaati ushnogratalanu antargatamgaa niyantrinchagaligaayani kanugondi.
rangu.
mosasar yokka rangu 2014 varaku teliyadu, lund vishwavidhyaalayaaniki chendina johann lindgren mariyu sahacharulu kanugonappudu mosasar yokka shilaja pramaanaalalo varnadravyam melanin velladaindi. mosassourlu muduru vennumukalu mariyu telikapati underbellilatho, pedda tella sorachepa ledhaa tholu venuka samudra taabelu laaga, bahusha counter shade cheyabaddaayi, veetilo rendodi shilaja puurveekulanu kaligi undhi, dheeni kosam rangu kooda nirnayinchabadindi. phalitaalanu "prakruti" loe vivarinchaaru.
dantaalu.
mosassourlu oka tekodant dentitaannu kaligi undevi, antey muulaalu davada emukalo lothugaa cement cheyabaddaayi. mosassourlu shaashwata dantaalanu upayoginchaledu, badulugaa vaatini nirantaram chindinchevaaru. resorption pitt anie piluvabade asalu dantaala muulaala lopala oka goyyilo pratyaamnaaya dantaalu abhivruddhi chendaayi. idhi pratyaekamaina enimidi-dasala prakriya dwara jarugutundi. modati dasalo vaerae chota abhivruddhi cheyabadina chinna dantha kireetam yokka khanijeekarana rendava dasha natiki punarviniyoga goyyiloki digindi. moodava dasalo, abhivruddhi chendutunna kireetam punarviniyoga goyyilo drudhamgaa sthirapadindi mariyu parimaanamlo perigindi; nalgava dasha natiki, idhi asalu dantamlooni kireetam parimaanamlo untundi. aidu mariyu aaru dasalu pratyaamnaaya dantaala muulaala abhivruddhi dwara vargeekarinchabaddaayih aidava dasalo muulam niluvugaa abhivruddhi chendindi, mariyu aarava dasalo muulam anni disalalo vistarinchindi, tadwara pratyaamnaaya dantaalu bahirgatamayyaayi mariyu asalu dantaalapai churukuga nettabaddayi. edava dasalo, asalu panti chindinchabadindi mariyu ippudu swatantramgaa unna pratyaamnaaya panti khaaliiloo langaru veyadam praarambhinchindi. enimidava mariyu chivari dasalo, pratyaamnaaya dantaalu drudhamgaa langaru vaeyadaaniki perigayi.
antogeny mariyu perugudala.
mosasar perugudala baga ardham kaaledu, endukante baalura namuunaalu arudu, mariyu 100 samvatsaraala kritam kanugonappudu chaalaa varaku hesperonithine pakshuluga porapaatu cheyabaddaayi. edemaina, oka sataabdam kritam velikiteesina baalya mariyu navjata mosasaurs yokka aneka namuunaala aavishkarana mosasaurs yavvanamlo jeevinchadaaniki janmanicchaayani, mariyu vaaru tama jeevita prarambha samvatsaraalanu bahiranga samudramlo gadiparani, aasrayam pondina narsareelu ledhaa nissara neeru vanti praantaalalo kaadu anie suuchistumdi. plesiosaurs vanti itara samudra sareesrupaala maadirigaane mosassourlu tallidandrula samrakshananu andistunnaya anedi prastutam teliyadu. yuva mosassourla aavishkarana "polyontology" jarnallo prachurinchabadindi.
saadhyamaina gudlu.
nature" loe prachurinchabadina 2020 adhyayanam sumaru 68 million samvatsaraala kritam cretatius chivara nundi antarcitica nundi pedda shilaja podigina guddunu vivarinchindi. guddu ippativaraku telisina atipedda amneot gudlalo okatigaa pariganinchabadutundi, enugu pakshitho pootiipadutumdi, mariyu daani mruduvaina, sannani, madatagala aakruti kaaranamgaa, idhi bahusha samudra jantuvuku chendinadi. dheenini utpatti chesina jeevi teliyadu, guddu yokka randhra nirmaanam ballulu mariyu pamulu vanti ippatike unna lepidosarla nirmaanamtho chaalaa pooli untundi, mariyu sameepamloni mosasar silaajaala uniki adhi mosasar guddu ayi undavacchani suuchistumdi. guddu neelapai pettara ledhaa neetilo pettara anedi teliyadu. guddu kottagaa vivarinchina oospeesis "antarcticulitus broady" kii ketayinchabadindi.
paryaavaranam.
polyontologistlu mosasarlalo vargeekarana vaividhyam mariyu padanirmaana asamaanata yokka namuunaalanu samudra mattam, samudra uparitala ushnograta mariyu eguva cretatius kosam sthiramaina carbon isotope vakrarekhalatho polchi, vaati parinaamaanni prabhaavitam chesina kaarakaalanu anveshinchaaru. anni radiations, vaividhyeekarana mariyu viluptaalaku yea okka amsam kooda nissandehamgaa kaaranam kaadu; ayithe, vargeekarana vaividhyam mariyu padanirmaana asamaanata yokka vistruta namuunaalu "bottom-up" empika ottilla prabhaavamtho "fishing up" drushtaamtamlo samuchita bhedaanni suuchistaayi. mosasar parinaamamlo atyanta sambhaavya chodaka shakti critatius chivarilo adhika utpaadakata, idhi tectonicga niyantrita samudra mattalu mariyu vatavaranaparamga niyantrita samudra stareekarana mariyu poeshaka pampinhee dwara nadapabadutundi. cretatius chivarilo utpaadakata kuppakuulinappudu, bolide prabhaavamtho, mosassourlu antarinchipooyaayi.
cretatius kaalamlo samudra mattalu ekkuvagaa undevi, idhi prapanchamlooni aneka praantaalalo samudra atikramanalaku kaaranamaindi, mariyu ippudu uttara americalo goppa lothattu samudra maargam. netherlands, belgium, denmark, portugal, sweeden, dakshinaafrikaa, speyin, france, germany, polland, check republic, italii bulgaria, united kingdom, russia, ukrain, kazakhstan, azerbaijan, japan, eejipt, izrael, jordan, siriya, turkey, niger, angola, moraco, australia, newzealand mariyu antarcitica teeramlo unna vaegaa dveepamlo mosasar silaajaalu kanugonabaddayi. globidence timorensis" anae dantha vargeekarana timore dveepam nundi telisindi; ayithe, eee jaathi yokka phylogenetic sthaanam anischitamgaa undhi mariyu idhi mosasar kooda kakapovachhu.
mosassourlu kenadaaloni manitoba mariyu suscatchevanlalo mariyu prakkane unna united stateslo chaalaa varaku kanugonabaddayi. alabama, mississippi, newjersey, tennisi mariyu georgialo, alaage cretatius samudra maargam dwara cover cheyabadina rashtraalalo puurti ledhaa pakshika namuunaalu kanugonabaddayi texas, nairuti arkansas, nyuu mexico, consas, kolarado, nebrasca, dakshina dakota, montana, wyoming mariyu uttara dakotaloni pier shale/faaks hills nirmaanaalu. chivaraga, mosasar emukalu mariyu dantaalu california, mexico, columbia, brazil, peru mariyu chilly nundi kooda telisinavi.
nyoojilaandlo kanipinche 'dainosar' avasheshaalu anie pilavabadevi chaalaa varaku vaastavaaniki mosassourlu mariyu plesiosourlu, rendoo kooda madhyajayik dopidi samudra sareesrupaalu.
prastutam bahiranga pradarsanalo unna atipedda mosasar broose, sumaru 80 million samvatsaraala kritam chivari critatius kaalam nundi vacchina "tylosaurus pembinensis" yokka puurti namuunaa, mariyu mukku kona nundi thoka kona varaku 13.05 m (42.815 ft) nuu kolustundi. 1974loe kenadaaloni manitobaloni thornhill uttaraana kanugonabadina brus, manitobaloni mordenloni sameepamloni kenadian shilaja aavishkarana kendramlo nivasistundi. 2014loe bahiranga pradarsanalo atipedda mosasar kosam broosku ginnis rikaardu labhinchindi.
aavishkarana.
dutch nagaramaina maastrichku sameepamlo unna mount seyint piitarlooni sunnapurayi kwari yokka bhoogarbha gallerylo kwari kaarmikulu 1764loe pakshika shilaja mosasar purrenu kanugonnatlu pracharam chesaaru, dheeniki mundu dainosar shilaja aavishkaranalu jarigaayi, conny peddagaa teliyaledu. edemaina, pakshika purre yokka rendava aavishkarana telisina yea jeevula kante bhinnamgaa unna shilaja jantuvula unikipai ghnaanoodayam yokka drushtini aakarshinchindi. 1770 mariyu 1774 madhya eee namuunaanu kanugonappudu, sarjan mariyu shilaja sekaranakarta ayina johann leonard hafman, thana kaalamlooni atyanta prabhaavavantamaina saastravettalato daani gurinchi sambhaashinchi, silaajaanni prasiddhi chesaaru. ayithe, asalu yajamani mastrict cathedral yokka connon gadding.
1794loe french viplava dalaalu maastriktnu aakraminchinappudu, jagrattagaa daachina silaajaalu, 600 seesaala wine bahumati tarvaata, velikiteesi, paarisku ravana cheyabaddaayi. dheenini intakumundu chepa, mosali mariyu veerya timingalam anie ardham chesukunna taruvaata, daani balli anubandhaanni modata ardham chesukunnadi 1799loe dutch shaastravetta adrian gilles camper. 1808loe, georges kuvier eee teermaanaanni dhruveekarinchaaru, ayinappatikee "lae grand animal phosail dii mastrict" kuu vaastavaaniki 1822 varaku "mosasaurus" ('muse sareesrupam') anie paeru pettaledu mariyu 1829 varaku daani puurti jaatiki "mosasaurus hafmanni" anae paeru ivvaledu. aneka mosasar avasheshaalu, ivi mastrict vadda intaku mundu kanugonabaddayi, conny 19va sataabdam varaku mosasarsga gurtinchabadaledu, 1790 nundi sekarinchina taylors museum, harlemlo pradarsinchabaddaayi.
mastrict sunnapurayi padakalu mosasar aavishkarana dwara chaalaa prasiddhi chendaayi, avi critatius yokka chivari aaru million samvatsaraala yuganiki mastrictian anae paerunu icchaayi.
vargeekarana.
pamulu ledhaa monetor ballulatho sambandham.
squamatalo mosasaurs yokka nirdishta sthaanam daani prarambham nundi vivadaspadamga undhi. mosasaurus" dwara vaati vargeekarana sthaanaanni lothugaa vislaeshimchina modati shaastravetta kuvier. eee jaathi ballulanu paryaveekshinchadaaniki anubandham unna balli anie athani asalu 1808 parikalpana atyanta prajaadarana pondinappatikee, aaa samayamlo kooda, eee sthaanam yokka khachitatvam gurinchi kuvier anischitamgaa undhi. athanu ekakaalamlo aneka pratyaamnaaya parikalpanalanu pratipaadinchaadu, atuvanti oka pratyaamnaayam "mosasaurus" badulugaa iguanaalato vaati bhaagaswaamya dantaala uniki kaaranamgaa daggari anubandhaanni kaligi undani suuchistumdi. taginanta shilaja aadharalu lenanduna, 19va sataabdam praarambhamlo mariyu madhyakaalamlo parisoedhakulaku pani cheyadaaniki chaalaa takkuva undhi. badulugaa, vaaru pradhanamgaa stratigraphic associationlu mariyu holotype purrepai kuvier yokka 1808 parisoedhanapai aadharapaddaru. anduvalla, 19va sataabdam chivaralo marinta puurti mosasar silaajaalanu kanugone varaku "mosasaurus" sthaanampai lothaina parisoedhana chepattabadaledu, idhi squamate laloe mosasar sthaanampai parisoedhananu punaruddharinchindi.
19va sataabdam chivari nundi 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo sumaru 30 nundi 40 samvatsaraala vyavadhilo, polyontologistlu eee samasyapai teevramgaa charchinchaaru, idhi rendu pradhana aalochanaa vidhaanaalanu srushtinchindih okati monetor balli sambandhaaniki maddatu ichedi mariyu okati paamulatho sannihita sambandhaaniki maddatu ichedi.
paamu sambandham yokka pratipaadanaku naayakatvam vahinchina taplay, 1869loe pythonomarpha anae samuuham kinda vargeekarinchina mosassourlu, paamula sodari samuuham anie pratipaadinchadam dwara atuvanti parikalpananu modata prachurinchaadu. kontamandi saastravettalu mosasourlanu paamula pratyaksha puurveekulugaa ardham chesukune varaku vellaaru. monetor ballulatho sambandhaaniki maddatu ichhe pratyarthulu mosaasaarsnu infra arder angimorpha lopala unchaalani vaadinchaaru, takkuva vargeekaranalu mosaasaarsnu varanoidia ledhaa daani sodari taxalo unchadam ledhaa varanidae lopala nijamaina monetor ballulugaa unchadam nundi maarutuu untaayi. eee charchalu mosassourla sthaanaanni vargeekarinche prayatnaalalo erpaatu cheyabadina adhika vargeekarana samuuhaalaku daariteesaayi (ayithe annee anukuulamgaa laevu). veetilo okati mosassouria, idhi 1880loe chittadi neelalu nirminchina vadulugaa nirvachinchina samuuham, conny netikee kontamandi parisoedhakulu dheenini upayogistunnaru, indulo "mosasaurus" yokka chivari saadhaarana puurveekula vaarasulu mariyu samudrapu squamates dolicosaurus "dolicosaurus" mariyu "koniyasaurus" mariyu "adriosaurus" thoo sahaa daani puurveekula bandhuvulu unnaaru.
1923loe, charless levis camp "ballula vargeekarana" nuu prachurinchaadu, dheenilo athanu thana sonta shareera nirmaana pariseelanalanu upayoginchi munupati vaadanala sameeksha mariyu khandana dwara pratipaadinchaadu, anni vargeekaranalu "dolichosaurus" kante "mosasaurus" thoo marinta daggari sambandham kaligi unnayani, mosasaroidia anae suupar familiga vargeekarinchabadaalani, idhi varanoidiaku sodari suupar family avutundi. eee amsampai shibiram teesukunna nirnayam daadaapu 70 samvatsaraala paatu paamu-monetor balli charchanu vaastavamgaa muginchindi, daadaapu anni tadupari adhyayanalu monetor ballulatho sambandhaaniki maddatu icchaayi. edemaina, aneka adhyayanalu monetor balli sambandhamlo shibiram kante munduku velladaaniki maddatu istune unnaayi, mosaasaarsnu varanoidia lopala unchaayi.
maikhel ess 1997loe claudistical studdy prachuranatho eee charcha punaruddharinchabadindi. vai. lii, idhi paamu upashreni sarpentlaku sodari vargeekaranagaa mosasaroidanu tirigi pondhi, paamu sambandham kosam vaadananu punaruddharinchindi. intaku mundu, mosassourlu ledhaa paamula madhya sambandhaalanu pratyaekamgaa pareekshinche aadhunika phylogenetic adhyayanam eppuduu jaragaledu. lii panicheyani pythonomarphanu kooda punarutthaanam chesi, mosasouroidia mariyu sarpentlanu oke cled kinda ekam cheyadaaniki daanini punarnirvachinchaaru. lii, caldwell mariyu alessandro palsy vanti saastravettalu nirvahinchina aneka tadupari adhyayanalu eee parikalpananu meruguparichayi. konni adhyayanaalalo, mosasourilanu suuchimchadaaniki mosassouria cled upayoginchabadindi. ayithe, inca chaalaa takkuva ekaabhipraayam migili undhi. udaaharanaku, american museum off natural histareeki chendina polyontologist jaak kanrad 2008loe pedda ettuna chesina phylogenetic adhyayanamlo mosassouria cladenu polytomylo ledhaa parishkaram kaani sambandhaalato kuudina cladenu, monetor ballulu mariyu puusala ballulatho, mariyu gouthier mariyu itarulu 2012loe chesina adhyayanamlo tirigi pondaaru."ballulu mariyu paamulanu paryaveekshinchadaaniki mosassourianu clade besalga tirigi pondindi.
2010laloe molecular genetics raavadamtho, kontamandi saastravettalu mosassourlu mariyu sajeeva squamate la madhya sambandhaalanu pariseelinchadaaniki molecular mariyu morphological daetaanu kalapalani vaadinchaaru. oka prarambha adhyayanam lii (2009), idhi jeevinchi unna squametlalo anhu mariyu mitochondrial dna aadhaaramgaa mariyu padanirmaana dayta mosaasaarsnu paamulaku kaandam samuuhamgaa tirigi pondindi, dheenini kontamandi taruvaata rachayitalu mosassouria clade lopala paamula sthaanam anie ardham chesukunnaru. ayithe, weins mariyu itarulu 2010loe chesina adhyayanam."pedda datasetnu upayoginchi lii (2009) nuu pratiroopam cheyadaaniki prayatninchinappatikii, daaniki badulugaa mosassourianu monetor ballulaku sodari vamsamgaa tirigi pondina phalitaalanu ichindi. tarachugaa vyatyaasaalu squametlalo convergent evalution yokka adhika praabalyam kaaranamgaa unnaayi, idhi molecular mariyu morphological daetaanu ardham chesukovadaniki chaalaa avakaasaanni srushtistundi; eee adhyayanaalalo chaalaa varaku tarachugaa okadaanikokati viruddhamgaa unde phalitaalanu kaligi unnaayi, udaaharanaku marinta datasetlanu jodinchadam dwara ledhaa yea taxalu praatinidhyam vahistunnayo marchadam dwara puurtigaa bhinnamaina phylogenetic phalitaalalo, dheeni phalitamgaa vividha vairudhyaalu marinta anischitini srushtistaayi. eee kaaranamgaa, kontamandi saastravettalu paramaanu drukpathaanni puurtigaa vidichipettaalani vaadinchaaru. ayithe, itara saastravettalu eee samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru. oka vidhananni reader mariyu itarulu 2015 adhyayanam dwara upayoginchaaru.": idhi munupati sangharshanhalanu adhigaminchadaaniki padanirmaana, paramaanu mariyu puraavastu daetaanu pedda datasetlo daggaragaa ekikrutam chesindi, idhi mosassourianu sarpentlaku sodari cledga tirigi pondina paramaanu phalitaalaku kotta padanirmaana maddatunu velladinchindi. maroka vidhananni aarr abhivruddhi chesaaru. alegzander pyron 2016 adhyayanamlo, mosassourianu sarpentlaku sodari vamsamgaa kooda tirigi pondaadu.
takkuva vargeekaranalu.
mosasar parinaamam yokka saampradaaya drukpatham prakaram teddu-avayavam (hydropedal) mosasaurs annee kriyaatmaka kaallu (plesiopedal) kaligina oke saadhaarana puurveekula nundi udbhavinchaayi. edemaina, idhi "dallasaurus" anae plesiopedal mosasaroid aavishkaranatoe kadilipoyindi, idhi bahula phylogenetic vislaeshanhala dwara mosasarine yokka puurveekulugaa kanugonabadindi, conny itara mosaasaarlato sambandham ledhu. bell mariyu polycn (2005) eee bayati mosaasaarsnu rendu kledlugaa vargeekarinchaayih rassellosarina, dheeni besal sabhyulalo pleoplatecorpine mariyu tylosourinetho kuudina vaari swantha mariyu utpannamaina sabhyula plesiopedal genara (tethisourine) unnaayi; mariyu haalisourinaanu kaligi unna halisouromarpha. dallasaurus" yokka sthaanam rassellosaurina mariyu halisouroromarpha swatantramgaa oka hydropedal roopaanni abhivruddhi chesi undavacchani suuchimchimdi, modatidi tethisorins dwara, antey mosasaridae lopala vaati sthaanam asahaja polyphilyni srushtistundi mariyu tadwara chellanidi. 2012 prachuranalo caldwell anadhikarikamga mosasar yokka nirvachananni russellosourins mariyu holisouromarflanu nijamaina mosasarsga pariganinchani, conny samudra ballula swatantra samuuhamgaa punarnirvachinchaalani pratipaadinchaaru.
ayithe, mosasaurs yokka phylogenetic adhyayanalu asthiramgaa undavacchu, mukhyamgaa "dallasaurus" vanti wild card taxa sarigga ardham kanappudu. udaaharanaku, dachak mariyu caldwell 2009loe chesina vislaeshanha vanti konni adhyayanalu badulugaa "dallasaurus" anedi russellosourins mariyu mosassarines rendintikee puurveekulu anie kanugonnayi, ayithe taruvaati adhyayanaalalo phalitaalu asthiramgaa unnaayi. simos mariyu itarulu 2017loe chesina adhyayanam."jaativikasita vislaeshanhala yokka vividha paddhatula viniyogam ververu phalitaalanu istundani mariyu chivariki tethisaarinlu oka swatantra puurveekula lakshanam kante hydropedal mosasaurs tirigi plesiopedal paristhitiki tirigi vachhe sandarbham anie sthiramaina suuchananu kanugonnatlu perkondi.
phylogeny.
madjia mariyu cow (2017) nundi mosasouroidia yokka claudogram
pampinhee.
prapanchavyaaptamgaa yea okka jaathi ledhaa upakutumbam kanipinchakapoyinappatiki, mosasaridae mottam critatius chivari kaalamlo prapancha vyaaptini saadhinchindi, aneka pradaesaalaloo saadhaaranamgaa vividha paryaavarana pradaesaalaloo bahula jaatulu mariyu jaatulato sanklishtamaina mosasar jantujaalam untundi.
rendu african deshaalu mukhyamgaa mosasourlalo samruddhiga unnaih moraco mariyu angola.
samakaaleena samskrutilo.
antarinchipoyina itara jala madhyajayik sareesrupaalato paatu mosassourlu tarachugaa prajaadarana pondina samskrutilo 'eetha dainosar' gaa tappugaa chitreekarinchabaddaayi. mosassourlu dainosar luu anae nammakam oka saadhaarana apoha.
2015loe, idhi jurassic park franchisee yokka nalgava vidata-jurassic varald, alaage sequevels mariyu jurassic varald dominian, mariyu netflix mariyu dreamworks sahakaaramlo kanipinchindi.