
digital sakshyam

sakshyaadhaara chattamlo, digital sakshyam ledhaa electronic sakshyam anedi nyaayasthaana kesuku chendina paksham vichaaranalo upayoginchagala digital roopamlo nilva cheyabadina ledhaa prasaram cheyabadina edainaa probative samacharam. digital sakshyalanu angeekarinche mundu, sakshyam sambandhitamainadaa, praamaanikamainadaa, vinabadutundaa, coppy aamodayogyamainada ledhaa asalu avasarama anie kortu nirnayistundi.
gatha konni dasabdaluga ii-mails, digital chaayaachitraalu, atm lavadevila laaglu, vard prosessing documentlu, takshana sandesha charitralu, accounting prograamla nundi save cheyabadina faillu, spreadsheetlu, internet brouser charitralu, database, computer memory content, computer byakaplu, computer printavutlu, global positioning system tracklu, hotel electronic door laakla nundi laaglu mariyu digital veediyo ledhaa audeo faillanu upayoginchadaaniki kortulu anumatinchadamtho digital saakshyaala vadakam perigindi.
united states looni aneka nyaayasthaanaalu sthirapadina pramaanaalu mariyu vidhaanaala lekapovadam vanti mukhyamaina thedaalu gurtinchabadinappatiki, saampradaaya patraala maadirigaane digital saakshyaaniki samakhya saakshyaala niyamaalanu vartimpajesaayi. adanamgaa, digital sakshyam marinta peddadigaa, naasanam cheyadam marinta kashtam, sulabhamgaa savarinchabadutundi, sulabhamgaa nakilee cheyabadutundi, marinta vyakteekarana mariyu marinta sulabhamgaa andubaatulo untundi. anduvalla, konni kortulu konnisaarlu dhruvikarana, vinikidi, uttama sakshyam niyamam mariyu hakku prayojanaala kosam digital sakshyalanu bhinnamgaa pariganinchaayi. december 2006loe, electronicga nilva chesina sakshyalanu samrakshinchadam mariyu bahirgatam cheyadam avasaramayye poura vidhanam yokka samakhya niyamaala paridhiloo kathinamaina kotta niyamaalu amalu cheyabaddaayi. nyaayasthaanaalu eee vaadananu taarumaaru chesina rujuvu lekunda tiraskarinchadam praarambhinchinappatikii, digital sakshyalu tarachugaa daani praamaanikata kosam daadi cheyabadataayi, endukante daanini sulabhamgaa savarinchavachhu.
aamodayogyata.
digital sakshyalu tarachugaa nyaayasthaanaalachae aamodayogyam kaadani teerpu istaaru endukante idhi adhikaram lekunda pondabadindi. chaalaa adhikara paridhulalo digital parikaraalanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki mariyu daryaaptu cheyadaaniki warrant avasaram. digital daryaptulo idhi samasyalanu pradarsistundi, udaaharanaku, marokati daryaaptu chesetappudu itara neeraalaku sambandhinchina aadharalu gurtinchabadataayi. 1999loe keeth schroeder online vedhimpulapai chesina daryaptulo parisoedhakulu athani computerlo pillala asleela chitraalanu kanugonnaru. shroederpy abhiyogaalu mopadaniki sakshyalanu upayoginchadaaniki mundu rendava warrant pondavalasi vachindi.
dhruvikarana.
edainaa sakshyam maadirigaane, digital sakshyam yokka pratipaadakudu saraina punaadi veyali. ituvanti digital saakshyaala viswasaneeyatapai nyaayasthaanaalu ekkuvagaa aandolana chendaayi. anduvalla, prarambha nyaayasthaana nirnayaalaku "marinta samagra punaadi kosam" aaa praamaaneekarana avasaram."yuu. ess. vii. skole, 553 eff. 2dii 1109 (8va cr. 1976). nyaayasthaanaalu digital patraalatoe marinta suparichitam kaavadamtho, vaaru unnata pramaanaala nundi vaidoligaaru mariyu appati nundi "computer dayta sankalanaalu" anie paerkonnaaru... dheenini edainaa itara recordula pariganinchaali."yuu. ess. vii. vaelaa, 673 eff. 2dii 86,90 (5va cr. 1982).
digital aadhaaraalapai saadhaarana daadi emitante digital medianu sulabhamgaa maarchavacchu. ayithe, 2002loe oka US kortu "computerlo unna daetaanu marchadam saadhyame anae vaastavam nammadaganidigaa sthaapinchadaaniki spashtamgaa saripodu" anie teerpu ichindi (US v. bonallo, 858 eff. 2dii 1427-1988-appeella kortu, 9va).
ayinappatikee, "skole" kuu avasaramaina "marinta samagramaina" punaadi manchi abhyasamga undhi. american laa nivedikalu samagra punaadini sthaapinchadaaniki aneka maargaalanu jabita chestaayi. pratipaadakudu "computer parikaraala viswasaneeyata", "praathamika dayta modatlo namodu cheyabadina vidhanam", "namodu chesina dayta yokka khachitatvanni nirdhaarinchadaaniki teesukunna charyalu", "daetaanu nilva chese paddhati mariyu daani nashtanni nivaarinchadaaniki teesukunna jaagrattalu", "daetaanu proses cheyadaaniki upayoginche computer prograamla viswasaneeyata" mariyu "programme yokka khachitatvanni dhruveekarinchadaaniki teesukunna charyalu" pradarsinchaalani idhi suuchistumdi.
daani badulugaa idhi digital sakshyalanu daani asalu roopamlo samrakshinchadaaniki mariyu vivaadaalalo mariyu kortulo aamodayogyata kosam dhruveekarinchadaaniki roopondinchina vaanijya software saanketika parishkarala jaatiki daariteesindi.
UK ACPO maargadarsakaalu.
united kingdamlo, pareekshakulu saadhaaranamgaa saakshyaala dhruvikarana mariyu samagrata kosam cheef police officers association (esipio) jaarii chesina maargadarsakaalanu anusaristaaru. vistruta sandarbhamlo samachara bhadrata sanghatanalanu daryaaptu chese abhivruddhini pratibimbimchae digital saakshyaalato computer aadhaarita sakshyalu bharti cheyabadinappudu avi october 2011loe 5va samskaranaku navikarinchabaddaayi. maargadarsakaalu naalugu suutraalanu kaligi untayih
suutram 1: chatta amalu samsthalu, aaa agencylalo panichese vyaktulu ledhaa vaari agentlu teesukune etuvanti charya, taruvaata kortulo aadhaarapade daetaanu marchakudadu. 
suutram 2: oka vyakti asalu daetaanu access cheyadam avasaramani bhaavinche paristhitulalo, aaa vyakti alaa cheyadaaniki samarthudu ayi undaali mariyu vaari charyala yokka auchityam mariyu chikkulanu vivarinche sakshyalanu ivvagalagaali. 
suutram 3: digital saakshyaaniki vartinche anni prakriyala yokka audit trial ledhaa itara rikaardunu srushtinchi bhadraparachaali. swatantra moodava paksham aaa prakriyalanu pariseelinchi adhe phalitaanni saadhinchagalagaali. 
suutram 4: chattam mariyu eee suutraalaku kattubadi undela chuudataaniki daryaaptu baadhyata kaligina vyaktiki mottam baadhyata untundi.
eee maargadarsakaalu ingland mariyu scatland nyaayasthaanaalalo vistrutamgaa aamodinchabaddaayi, conny avi chattaparamaina avasaranni kaligi undavu mariyu vaati upayogam swachchandamgaa untundi. swachchandamgaa kattubadi undakapovadam anedi daadaapu khachitamgaa undagaa, pooliisu mariyu naera saakshyaala chattam 1984 (anyayamgaa pondina sakshyalanu minahaayinche adhikaram) looni section 78 nibandhanalaku lobadi kattubadi laeni sakshyalanu minahaayinchadaaniki daariteestundani vaadinchavachchu.
aadam suutraalu.
chatta amalu velupala marinta saadhaarana anuvartanamtho esipio maargadarsakaalapai nirmistuu, digital forensic praaktiishanarlu anusarinchaalsina eee krindi pradhana suutraalanu oka doctorate thesis pratipaadinchindih
uttama sakshyam niyamam.
digital sakshyam maanavulu chadavagalige aakrutilo daadaapu eppuduu undadu, digital patraalanu saakshyamgaa chaerchadaaniki adanapu dasalu avasaram (i.ii. padaarthaanni mudrinchandi). eee aakruti maarpu antey digital sakshyam "uttama sakshyam niyamam" kinda arhata pondadani vaadinchabadindi. ayithe, "federal rules off evidence" niyamam 1001 (3) "dayta computerlo nilva cheyabadinda anie chebutundi...daetaanu khachitamgaa pratibimbimchaelaa chuupabadina edainaa print avt ledhaa itara avtput, chudagaligela chadavagaligite, adhi 'asalainadi'.anie."
saadhaaranamgaa nyaayasthaanaalu uttama sakshyaadhaara niyamam kinda mudranalanu nishedhinchavu. aguimatang vii. california state lottery, "computer print avt uttama sakshyam niyamanni ullanghinchadu, endukante computer print avt 'asalainadigaa pariganinchabadutundi" anie paerkontuu digital sakshyam yokka aamodayogyataku kortu daadaapu "prati okkati" chikitsa ichindi.234 kelareelu. yap. 3dii 769,798.
veediyo sakshyam.
veediyo sakshyam anedi vichaaranalo kortu kesulo upayoginchagala veediyo clip.
udaaharanalu
marinta chadavandi.
general
australia
kenadah
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aavishkarana mariyu saakshyaalapai united states off america
aavishkaranapai united states off america
drushya saakshyaalapai united states off america
veediyo saakshyam

