
athanu 1

transcription phyaaktar hess1 (ventrukalu mariyu split-1 yokka enhancer) anedi "hess1" janyuvu dwara encode cheyabadina protein, mariyu idhi "drosophilalo ventrukala janyuvu yokka ksheerada homolog."hess1 anedi hess janyu kutumbaaniki chendina eduguru sabhyulalo okaru (hess1-7). transcription anichivese janyuvula code nuclear proteins.
eee protein transcription kaarakaala praathamika helix-loop-helix (behetchlhetch) kutumbaaniki chendinadi. idhi janyuvula transcription repressor, vaati transcription kosam behetchlhetch protein avasaram. protein oka nirdishta rakamaina praathamika domaine kaligi untundi, indulo helix antaraayam kaliginche protein untundi, idhi canonical enhancer baaks (ii-baaks) kante enn-baaks promoter praantaaniki bandhistundi. behetchlhetch kutumbamlo sabhyudiga, idhi kanaala vistarana mariyu pindajanya utpattilo vyatyaasaanni prabhaavitam chese transcriptional repressor. hess1 pratikuula feedback loop dwara daani swantha vyakteekarananu niyantristundi mariyu sumaru 2 gantala aavartanamtho oogisalaadutundi.
nirmaanam.
ayana janyuvulalo moodu rakshita domainlu unnaayi, ivi transcriptional functionlanu andistaih bhlh domine, aurange domine mariyu Wrpw motiflu. praathamika dna binding praantam madhyalo proline avasheshaalu kaligi undatamlo itara behetchlhetch kaarakaala nundi janyuvulu bhinnamgaa untaayi. eee proline thana proteinlaku pratyaekamaina dna binding saamarthyaanni ivvadaaniki pratipaadinchabadindi. chaalaa bhlh karakalu lakshya janyuvula prothsaahaka praantamloo unde ii-baaks ekaabhipraaya kramaanni (cantg) bandhistaayi, ayithe daani karakalu class sii sait ledhaa enn baaks (cacnag) kuu marinta praadhaanyatanistaayi. aurange domine bhlh heterodymer bhaagaswaamula empikanu niyantrinchadaaniki upayogapadutundi. sii-terminal doubluarpidableu domine transcription nirodhistundi.
paraspara charyalu.
adevidhamgaa itara hess proteinla maadirigaane, hess1 anedi transducine lanty ii (spl) (tle) janyuvulu mariyu groucho-sambandhita janyuvu (grg) dwara encode cheyabadina koo-repressorlatho sankarshana chendutundani choopabadindi, rendoo "drosophila groucho" yokka homolaglu. endukante "drosophila" looni groucho histone deasitylesnu niyaminchadam dwara transcription nirodhistundi, endukante hess-groucho complexes chromatinnu nilipiveyadam dwara transcription churukuga nirodhistundi. athanu proteinlanu heyy1 mariyu heyy2 vanti behetchlhetch repressorlatho kooda heterodymyr chestaadu, idhi transcription kooda nirodhinche prakriya. eee karakalu kooda eee 47 vanti behetchlhetch activatorlatho heterodymyrise avtayi, veetini tcfe2eah anie kooda pilustaaru, mariyu maash1, veetini ascl1 anie kooda pilustaaru, eee rendoo "drosophilalo" proneural janyuvulaku ksheeradaala homolaglu. eee47-hess mariyu maash1-heey heterodymer complexelu dnnu bandhinchalevu, anduvalla transcription anachiveyandi.
hess1 kooda tle2 mariyu syrtuine 1 thoo sankarshana chendutundi.
hess1 mariyu stem sels.
hess1 konni muula kanaalu mariyu puurveekula kanaala nirvahananu prabhaavitam chestundi. pratyaekamgaa, hchs1 anedi behetchlhetch activatorlanu anachiveyadam dwara bhedam yokka samayanni prabhaavitam chestundi mariyu binary sell vidhini nirnayistundi. naadii vyavastha mariyu jeerna vyavastha rendintiloonuu hess1 pedda paatra pooshistundani choopabadindi. eee rendu vyavasthalanu naach signalling maargam dwara paakshikamgaa prabhaavitam chesinatlu choopabadindi.
naadii abhivruddhi.
neuropethylial kanaalu mariyu radial glial kanaalu, rendu naadii muula kanaalalo hess1 vyakteekarinchabadutundi. "hess1" "vyakteekarana," "hess5" "thoo paatu, pindam roeju 10.5 vadda abhivruddhi chendutunna pindamlo ekkuva bhaganni cover chestundi. eee point taruvaata," "hess1" "yokka vyakteekarana subventricular joneku parimitam cheyabadindi". hess1 nakout (koo) elukalalo, maash1 bharti cheyabadi niyantrinchabadutundi, mariyu neurogenesis vegavantam cheyabadutundi. nijaaniki, "hess1", "hess3", mariyu "hess5" janyuvula vyakteekarana nirodhinchabadithe, pravana janyuvula vyakteekarana perugutundi, mariyu neurogenesis vegavantam cheyabadinappudu, naadii muula kanaalu akalamga ksheenistaayi. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, eee janyuvulu atigaa vyakteekarinchabadithe, neurogenesis nirodhinchabadutundi. anduvalla hess1 janyuvulu naadii muula kanaalanu srushtinchakundaa, nirvahanalo matrame palgontayi.
adanamgaa, hess1 anedi rendu bheda margalalo okadaanilo naadii muula kanaalanu maarganirdesam cheyagaladu. hess1 poxes6nii vyaktam chese naadii muula kanaalanu nirvahinchagaladu, conny poxes6-pratikuula kanaalanu austrocyte bhedaaniki daari teestundi. dna methylation vanti epigenetic maarpulu kooda hess1 yokka bhedaanni nirdesinche saamarthyaanni prabhaavitam chestaayi. austrocyte-nirdishta janyuvula prothsaahaka praantamloo hess1 lakshya pradaesaala demethylation austrocyte bhedaanni kaligi undhi. hess1" vyakteekarana yokka dolanam swabhaavam bhedam vidhini nirnayinchadamlo kooda paatra poeshistumdi. bhedam sanketaanni andukunna 1-adhika pinda muula kanaalu tarachugaa mesodermal vidhini sweekarinchaayi, ayithe bhedam sanketaanni andukunna 1-takkuva kanaalu neuronal kanaalugaa vaeru cheyabaddaayi. eee phalitaalu parimaanaatmaka pcr nii upayoginchi dhruvikarinchabaddayi, idhi hess1-hye kanaalu adhika sthaayi "bratuary" mariyu "fgf5" vyakteekarananu choopinchaayi (rendoo kooda mesodermal sell rakallo ekkuvagaa vyakteekarinchabaddaayi), "nestin" vanti naadii kanaalalo vyakteekarinchabadina takkuva sthaayi janyuvulatho. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, hess1-takkuva kanaalu naadii preranalo palgone janyuvula adhika sthaayi vyakteekarananu mariyu mesodermal bhedamlo palgone janyuvula takkuva sthaayi vyakteekarananu choopinchaayi. saikling hess1 sthaayilu neurogenine2 (ngn2) mariyu dll1 dolanalanu niyantrinchadam dwara neural progenitor kanaala nirvahanaku kooda dohadam chestaayi. "hess1" sthaayilu kendra naadii vyavastha yokka vividha bhagalalo vividha pounahpunyaala vadda hecchutaggulaku lonavutayi "hess1" sarihaddulalo adhika sthaayilalo nirantaram vyakteekarinchabadutundi, conny compartmentlalo khaliga untundi. idhi pratyaamnaaya hess 1 sthaayilu kendra naadii vyavastha yokka shareera nirmaana muulakaala madhya lakshanaalalo vyatyaasaalanu prerepinchavacchani suuchistumdi.
naach maargamtho paraspara charyalu.
naach signalling maargamlo kooda hess1 mukhyamaina paatra poeshistumdi. naach signalling lenappudu, rbpj anedi hess1 yokka vyakteekarananu nirodhistundi. naach signals sell lopala proses cheyabadina tarvaata, plasma membrane naach yokka intracellular domaine vidudala chestundi, idhi rbpj thoo anubandhinche nucleusku kadulutundi. bandham anedi oka anukuula maarpuku kaaranamavutundi, idhi saha-anachivetadaarulanu vidadeeyadaaniki daariteestundi mariyu saha-kriyaaseelakulanu bandhinchadaaniki anumatistundi. kotta activating complexes appudu hess1 vyakteekarananu prerepistundi. naach signalling anedi hess1 vyakteekarananu sakriyam chestundi. hess1 kaneesam naach ligandlanu lakshyamgaa choopabadindihi "dll1", "jagged1 (jaag1)", mariyu neurogenine-2 ", dll1", itara naach ligandla maadirigaa, neural deferentiation prerepistundani choopabadindi, mariyu dll1 yokka hess1 binding neural deferentiation nirodhistundi mariyu neural stem sels mariyu neural progenitor sels nirvahanaku daariteestundi. naach signalling anedi pregu gupta kanaalalo kooda sambhavistundi. hyper activated naach srava kana rakaala sankhyanu taggistundi (i.ii. goblet kanaalu, enteroendocrine kanaalu mariyu paneth kanaalu). naach expression controller, "rbpsuh" nuu tolaginchadam dwara naach marganni tolaginchadam valla dadapuga goblet kanaala utpatti matrame jarugutundi.
jeerna vyavastha.
jeernasayaantara pregulaloni kanaala bheda nirnayaanni prabhaavitam cheyagaladani choopabadindi. pancreatic progenitor kanaalalo, hess1 vyakteekarana "ptf1eah" yokka vyakteekarananu nirodhistundi, idhi exocrine sell bhedaanni niyantristundi, mariyu ngn3, idhi langerhans yokka ailetlanu yerparuchukune endocrine sell rakaala bhedaanni prerepistundi. elukala abhivruddhi chendutunna pregulalo "hess1" lekapovadam anedi math1 (pregu sravinche kana rakaala utpattiki avasaramaina protein) perugudalanu prothsahistundi, idhi goblet, enteroendocrine mariyu paneth kanaala perugudalaku daariteestundi. eluka mariyu gbrafishlo "hess1" tolaginchabadinappudu, migulu goblet kanaalu mariyu enteroendocrine kanaalu tayaaravutaayi, ayithe konni enterocytelu tayaaravutaayi.kaaleya progenitor kanaalu rendu ververu kana rakaluga vibhajinchabadataayih hepatocytelu mariyu pitta epithelial kanaalu. hess1" vyakteekarana takkuvagaa unnappudu, hepatocytelu saadhaaranamgaa erpadataayi, conny pitta naalaalu puurtigaa undavu. eee samalakshanam allogil syndromenu pooli untundi, idhi "jagged 1" loe utparivartanalu. anduvalla, jeerna avayava abhivruddhilo kooda ayana-sthaayi paraspara charyalu paatra poeshistaayi.