tibeton thangkaala parirakshana mariyu punaruddharana

tibeton thangkaala parirakshana mariyu punaruddharana anedi thangka anie piluvabade saampradaaya mataparamaina tibeton chitralekhana roopam ("tangka" ledhaa "tanka" anie kooda pilustaaru) yokka bhouthika samrakshana. mukhyamaina saamskrutika vaarasatvaaniki chendina tangkaalaku vartimpajesinappudu, eee karyakalapalanu saadhaaranamgaa samrakshakudu-punaruddharanakarta chae chepadataru.
thangkaalu anevi niluvugaa unde scroll painting, ivi saadhaaranamgaa sulabhamgaa chuttagalige parimaanamlo, tarachugaa sagam nundi okatinnara meterla ettulo untaayi, ayithe pratyeka vedukala kosam pedda thangkaalaku dozenla koddi prajalu vaatini vippadaniki mariyu pradarsinchadaaniki avasaram kaavacchu. mataparamaina goda chitraala maadirigaane, thangkaalu martya mariyu daivika prapanchaala madhya madhyavartulugaa panicheestaayani bhaavistaaru.
thangka oka saampradaaya nepali kalarupamga praarambhamaindi. nepaul yuvarani bhrukuti sangson gamponi vivaham chesukunna taruvaata eee roopam modata tibetku egumati cheyabadindi. prarambha rojullo, eee paint chesina scrolls vaati portability kaaranamgaa prayaaninchae sanyaasulalo baga prachuryam pondaayi. ming (1368-1644) mariyu quing (1644-1912) raajavamsam samayamlo, tibetlo tangkaala chitralekhanam abhivruddhi chendindi.
naitika parigananalu.
thangkaala yokka konni prarambha parirakshana chikitsalo eee krindi manchi uddesamto chesina tappulu unnaih 
parirakshananu chepatte mundu, samrakshakulu vigraharadhana vishayam mariyu saamaajika praamukhyatanu parigananaloki teesukovadam chaalaa mukhyam. aadarsavantamgaa, chikitsa yokka yea amsam kooda vastuvu yokka asalu uddesyamto rajipadakudadu. eee gourava vaikharini pondadaaniki mariyu vartimpajeyadaaniki chikitsa cheyavalasina vastuvu yokka saamskrutika praamukhyata mariyu daani nirmaanam yokka padaarthaalu mariyu paddhatulapai vistrutamaina parisoedhana avasaram. atuvanti parisoedhanaku kalaakaarulu mariyu mataparamaina adhikarulu, samskruti nundi samacharam andinchevaaru avasaram. brocade mariyu mountu technic mukkaku antarbhaagamani, eee amsaalanu veelainanta varaku nilupukovalani kooda samrakshakulu gurtinchaali.
vividha rakaala thangkaalu.
saampradaaya paint chesina thangkalu khanija mariyu kuuragaayala varnadravyam upayoginchi oka daachu jiguru maadhyamamlo kuurchabaddaayi, prarambha ming mariyu quing kaalamlo pattu brocade sarihaddulu saadhaaranam ayyayi. samakaaleena tangkaalanu saadhaaranamgaa patthi vastrampai gouchetho chitristaaru.
patthi fabric thangkalapai vilakshanhamaina paint kakunda, eee krindi rakaala thangkalu kooda andubaatulo unnaih
thangkaalaku saadhaarana nashtam.
bhouthika mariyu yaantrika nashtam.
thangka ravana kosam soukaryavantamgaa chuttadaniki roopondinchabadindi mariyu idhi bhouthika mariyu yaantrika nashtaniki muulam. rolling uparitalaanni kudinchi, kudistundi mariyu cover lenappudu rapidi teevrataram avutundi. daanini vakreekarinchinatlayite, daani vividha bhaagaalato mariyu marinnintitho chuttadam sulabhamaina pani kaadu. antekakunda, thangka yokka vividha bhagalu arudugaa oke kuurpu ledhaa mandaanni kaligi untaayi. tatphalitamgaa, daanini chuttinapudu, anni bhagalapai ottidi asamanamga untundi, dheeni phalitamgaa madatalu mariyu cheelikalu erpadataayi. eee madatalu mariyu cheelikalu vidhvamsakamainavi endukante avi balaheenata praantaalanu yerparustaayi. pedda tangkaalu atuvanti nashtaniki ekkuva pramaadam kaligi untaayi.
eee bahula-madhyama paint chesina scrolls loe atyanta haani kaliginche amsam vaati vastram anchulu, ivi tarachugaa pattu brokedto tayaaru cheyabadataayi. matham yokka tadigaa unna godalu, painting yokka baruvu mariyu bhaarii diguva raad yokka baruvu kaaranamgaa pattu balaheenapadutundi mariyu twaragaa balaheenapadutundi, idhi vastram sarihaddulanu sulabhamgaa pagulagodutundi, mukhyamgaa pradarsana kosam chitraalanu padepade rolling mariyu unrolling cheyadam dwara. sarihaddulu saadhaaranamgaa viphalamayye sanklishta nirmaanamloo modativi.
thangka nirmaanam valla paristhiti marinta digajaarindi. kendra chitram mariyu anchula madhya baruvulo vyatyaasam, mariyu bhaarii diguva raad yokka baruvu, anni disala nundi udriktatanu srushtistundi. padepade rolling mariyu unrolling cheyadam valla pagullu marinta perugutaayi. taangkaalanu kuttu dwara nirmistaaru, idhi battanu kuttadam mariyu kudinchadam valla balaheenata yokka sambhaavya praantaalanu srushtistundi. kuttu daaraalu vastram kante vaegamgaa ksheeninchinappudu, nirmaanamloo mottam durbalatvam perugutundi. kendra chitram mariyu anchula madhya baruvu vyatyaasaala valla kalige ottidi, bhaarii diguva raad yokka baruvu, pagulla paridhini marinta penchutundi.
sarihaddulu saadhaaranamgaa modata viphalamavutaayi, endukante avi okadaanikokati mariyu kendra chitram nundi vaeru cheyabadataayi; sarihaddulalo nashtalu saadhaaranam mariyu asalu sarihaddulu arudu. eguva sarihaddulu saadhaaranamgaa atyadhika pramaadamloo untaayi. lininglo cheelika kooda gamaninchabadindi; pradhana kaaranam lining yokka parimaanam thangka kante ekkuvagaa undatam valla anie soochinchabadindi, idhi thangka nirmaanamloo asalu bhavana kaavacchu.
pradarsana paristhitulu.
thangkaalu vaati asalu tibeton amarikalalo pradarsinchabadinappudu, avi venna deepam mariyu dhoopam valla kaalina masi mariyu gaalilo vachhe sidhilaalaku gurayyayi. konnisaarlu paint chesina thangka meeda venna ledhaa noonenu samrakshinche prayatnamlo vyaapinchinappatikii, dummu mariyu greeju perukupovadam valla uparitalam nallaga maarutundi mariyu chitram mariyu diguva rangulanu tudichiveyavacchu. tolaginchadam kashtamgaa undatame kakunda, fibers loe venna ledhaa noone undatam valla fiber ksheenata vegavantam avutundi.
tadi paristhitulu.
temaku muulam saapeksha thema, godalalo neeru, challabadina pavitra neeru ledhaa chikitsa samayamlo upayoginche antukune padaarthaalalo neeru kaavacchu. neeti nashtam rangula raktasraavam gaa kanipinchavacchu, maargadarsakaalanu vadiliveyavacchu. thangkaalapai vividha padaarthaalu saapeksha themalo maarpulaku bhinnamgaa spandistaayi, anduvalla dimensional stress mariyu vakreekaranaku kaaranamavutaayi.
velugu.
moodu rakaalaina kaanti unnaih atineelalohita (yuvi) kaanti, paraaruna vikiranam mariyu kanipinche kaanti. eee moodu rakalu kalakhandalaku hanikaram mariyu mottam kaanti valla kalige nashtam sanchitamainadi mariyu tirigi pondalenidi. anni roopaallo kaantiki gurikavadam valla oka kalakhandam yokka paramaanu sthaayilo rasayana praticharya jarugutundi. kaanti bahirgatam vastraalu balaheenapadataaniki mariyu masakabaaradaaniki, rangulu mariyu rangulu muduru ranguloki ledhaa rangunu maarchadaaniki mariyu kaagitam balaheenamgaa, bleach cheyabadi, pasupu ranguloki ledhaa muduru ranguloki maaradaaniki kaaranamavutundi.
anduvalla, kaantiki gurainappudu thangkaalu rasaayanikamgaa mariyu bhouthikamgaa maarchabadataayi. kaanti loe atineelalohita kaanti-aakseekarana dwara peechu mariyu rangu ksheenatanu vegavantam chestundi.
tegullu.
tegullu thangkaalaku teevramaina nashtam kaliginchavacchu. elukalu mariyu pakshulu vanti janthu tegullu aaharam ledhaa goodu katte padaarthaala kosam thangkaalapai bhouthikamgaa daadi cheyavachu ledhaa vaatini rettalatho neelamattam cheyavachu. eee scroll paintings yokka sendriya swabhaavam kaaranamgaa thangkalapai saadhaaranamgaa purugula tegullu kanipistaayi. acchulu cellulosic battalapai sulabhamgaa perugutaayi, vaatini kullipotayi mariyu daadi sulabhamgaa itara vastraalaku vyaapistundi. acchu debbatinadaaniki sambandhinchina sankethaalu, musi vaasana, nalupu ledhaa telupu podi perugudala, pasupu ledhaa bahula rangu marakalu mariyu ghaneebhavanam.
nashtalu.
tarachugaa musugulu, ribbanlu mariyu mountinglu ledhaa raadlu poyayi. konni sambhaavya vivaranalu emitante, avi teevramgaa ksheeninchinappudu mariyu bharti cheyabadanappudu vaatini paaraveyabaddaayi. conny vaatini uddeshapoorvakamgaa tolaginchina sandarbhaalu kooda unnaayi. desham nundi bayataku ravaanaanu praarambhinchadaaniki mountu tolaginchavacchu. dealerlu ledhaa collectorlu ledhaa museum konnisaarlu nirdishta kaaranaala valla vaatini tolagistaayi.
samrakshana chikitsalu.
parirakshana chikitsalu nirvahinche mundu, samrakshakulu ellappuduu upayoginchina asalu padaarthaalapai shaastreeya daryaaptu nirvahinchaali. prati nirdishta chikitsa yokka lakshyalaku tagina padaarthaalu mariyu paddhatulanu enchukoovadaaniki mariyu prastutam aamodinchabadina abhyaasaaniki anugunamgaa undataaniki samrakshakudu baadhyata vahistaadu. enchukunna padaarthaalu mariyu paddhatula yokka prayojanaalu bhavishyat pareeksha, shaastreeya parisoedhana, chikitsa mariyu paniteerupai vaati sambhaavya pratikuula prabhaavaalaku vyatiraekamgaa samatulyata kaligi undaali. samrakshakudu chikitsa vidhanalu mariyu upayoginchina padaarthaalu sarigga namodu cheyabadi unnayani nirdhaarinchukovaali.
eee krindi vivaralu thangkaalaku vilakshanhamaina chikitsa paddhatulu
vibhajana.
vastra sarihadduku tangkaanu jodinchadaaniki upayoginche asalu kuttu jagrattagaa enchukobadaledu mariyu asalu kuttu daaraanni nilupukundi. idhi tangka paintings (saadhaaranamgaa kaagitamlo cheyabadevi) nuu vaati vastra anchulatho vaeru cheyadam, mariyu prati bhaagam tagina vidhaanamtho sarigga chikitsa cheyabadindani nirdhaarinchadam.
munupati marammatu kuttu tolagimpu.
thangka mariyu daani liningpy debbatinna mariyu vikruteekarinchina marammattunu tolaginchadam dheeni uddesyam. ilaa cheyadam dwara, haani kaliginche praantaalanu tirigi kuttavachhu.
uparitalam subhramgaa.
subhraparachadam valla thangka yokka soundaryaanni meruguparachavacchu mariyu daani vivaranaku sahaayapadutundi, idhi muriki perukupoyinappudu kashtam kaavacchu. antekakunda, mattini tolaginchadam valla pattu mariyu antukune chikitsalo maddatu madhya manchi sambandham mariyu bandham sulabhataram avutundi. idhi thema samayamlo pattu loki marinta matti chochukupoye pramaadaanni kooda taggistundi.
thema.
thema anedi fiberlanu twaragaa sadalinchadaaniki thangkalo neeti aaviri roopamlo temanu pravesapedutundi. aaa taruvaata, mudatalu padakunda nirodhinchadaaniki, mudatalu pette padaartham yokka sheetla madhya mariyu chaalaa bhaarii baruvutho thangkanu sandwitch cheyadam vanti khachitamgaa niyantrita paristhitulalo endabettadam mariyu chadunainadigaa chestaaru.
tegulla nirmuulana.
sendriya swabhaavam kaaranamgaa thangkalo beatles mariyu fraas vanti tegulla infections sarvasaadhaaranam. tegullanu tolaginchadaaniki oka saadhaarana paddhati niyantrita vaataavarana chikitsa (pilli) loe natrajani thoo fumigation.
eee vayuvu vastram chimmata (tiniola ess. pii.) vanti lakshya purugula tegullapai oopiraadakapovadam prabhavanni srushtistundi.), sylver fish (lepisma sacharina) mariyu itara vastra tegullu. eee fumigation paddhatini pilli (niyantrita vaataavarana chikitsa) anie pilustaaru mariyu puraatana vastuvulu, kalakhandalu mariyu viluvaina pustakaala parirakshanhalo vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutundi.
vishraanti teesukuntaaru.
bhagala yokka asalu maddatu/vastram chaalaa balaheenamgaa, pelusugaa ledhaa chiriginappudu, daani uddesyaanni neraverchalekapoyinappudu, nirmanatmakamga dhwaninche thangkaku maddatu ivvadam avasaram.
thangka yokka aadhyaatmika swabhaavaanni parigananaloki teesukovadam mariyu mataparamaina saampradaaya upayogam yokka avakaasaanni nirvahinchadam avasaram, tadwara saampradaaya niluvu pradarsanaku veelu kalpistundi. chikitsa tarvaata idhi tappanisarigaa kakapoyina, rolling mariyu unrollingnu anumatinchentagaa relining anuvainadigaa undaali. idhi thangka pratishtalo bhaagamaina saasanaanni chadavadaaniki mariyu daani aadhyaatmika unikini andinche venuka bhaagaaniki drushya pravesaanni kooda anumatinchavalasi vachindi.
nashta pariharam.
konni nashtalu thangkaanu ardham chesukune ledhaa mecchukune saamarthyaanni debbateestaayi. kala yokka roopaanni ledhaa roopaanni rakshinchadaaniki naitikamgaa nashtam pariharam mariyu/ledhaa mottam bharti cheyabadindi. nashtaala valla taggina praamukhyata mariyu viluvalanu kapadatam dheeni lakshyam. ikkade bhouthika samagrata kante sambhaavita samagrataku praadhaanyata labhistundi.
ayithe, nashtanni bharti cheyadaaniki edainaa jokyam saadhaarana pariksha paddhatula dwara gurtinchadaginadani samrakshakulu nirdhaarinchukovaali. atuvanti pariharam tirigi pondagaligedigaa undaali mariyu saamskrutika aasti yokka telisina soundarya, sambhaavita mariyu bhouthika lakshanaalanu, mukhyamgaa asalu vishayalanu tolaginchadam ledhaa aspashtam cheyadam dwara tappugaa savarinchakudadu.
mount.
mountu anedi thangkalo antarleena bhaagam. idhi nirmanatmakamga mariyu prateekaatmakamgaa mukhyamainadi kabatti, daanini kaapaadataaniki ellappuduu prayatnam chestaaru. pradhana panel anchulanu nisitamgaa pariseelinchadam dwara prastuta mountu vaastavaaniki asalu kaadaa anie nirdhaarinchadam saadhyamavutundi. kuttu randhraala yokka aneka varusala uniki mountu maarchabadindani suuchistumdi.
asalu mountu ikapai punarviniyogaaniki anukuulamgaa lekapothe, samrakshakulu ilanti design vastra sarihaddulu ledhaa pattu brokedlanu vetukkovacchu mariyu asalu rangutho adhe ranguku rangu veyavachu. vastra anchulu mariyu pattu brokedla rangu mariyu roopakalpana thangka paintingnu meruguparachadamlo mukhyamaina paatra poeshistaayi.
nivaarana parirakshana.
nivaarana kante nivaarana manchidi. ksheenatanu penche karakalu pariganinchabaddaayi mariyu samrakshanaku anukuulamaina paristhitulu mariyu bhavishyat nashtam nundi rakshana kosam charyalu prerepinchabaddaayi. thangkaala samrakshana kosam eee krindi nivaarana charyalu unnaih
nilva paddhatulu.
thangka yokka vividha avasaralanu parigananaloki teesukuni deerghakaalika samrakshana kosam nilva kooda abhivruddhi cheyabadindi. krinda konni sifaarsulu unnaayi.
suuchanalu.
fumigation mariyu fumigant madhya thedaa emiti 

