rendava prapancha yuddhamlo belgian kango

rendava prapancha yuddhamlo belgian kango (aadhunika kango prajaasvaamya ganatantram) prameyam 1940 maeloe belgium meeda german dandayaatratho praarambhamaindi. belgium longipoyinappatiki, kango mitraraajyaala vaipu sangharshanhalo undipoyindi, dheenini belgian prabhutvam bahishkarinchindi.
aardhikamgaa, kango united kingdom mariyu united statesku raagi mariyu rabbaru vanti chaalaa avasaramaina mudi padaarthaalanu andinchindi. modati anhu baambulanu utpatti cheyadaaniki kaalanee nundi euranium upayoginchabadindi. adhe samayamlo, belgian vyapara kaaryanirvaahakula sahakaaramtho bhuubhaagamlooni paarisraamika vajraala pedda sarafaraanu naajii germanyki akramamga ravana chesaaru. kango pravaasamlo unna belgium prabhutvaaniki aardhikamgaa kooda maddatu ichindi. sainikaparamgaa, fores public yokka kango dalaalu thoorpu african dandayaatralo british dalaalatoe kalisi poradayi, mariyu oka kango vaidya vibhagam madagaskar mariyu barma dandayaatralo panichesindi. congoles nirmaanaalu eejipt, nigeria mariyu paalastiinaa deshaalalo kooda rakshana dalaalugaa panicheesaayi.
ayithe, yuddha samayamlo valasavaada adhikarulu kango janabha meeda perugutunna demandlu, mukhyamgaa sthaanika kango prajala nundi sammelu, allarlu mariyu itara rakaala pratighatanalanu prerepinchaayi. veetini belgian valasa adhikarulu tarachugaa himsaatmakamgaa anachivesaaru. sangharshana samayamlo kango yokka tulanaatmaka sreyassu belgium nundi yuddhaanantara valasala taramgaaniki daariteesindi, 1950 natiki tellajati janabhanu 100,000 kuu teesukuvacchindi, alaage 1950la antataa konasagina paarisraamikeekarana kaalam. satrutvaala samayamlo kango euranium pooshinchina paatra pracchanna yuddha samayamlo desham soviet unionku aasakti kaliginchindi.
nepathyam.
modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata, belgium aafrikaalo rendu kaalaneelanu kaligi undih undih kango free statenu vileenam chesinappati nundi niyantrinchina belgian kango, mariyu gatamlo german thoorpu aafrikaalo vaayuvya bhaagamaina ruwanda-rundi, ruwanda-rundi belgium swaadheenam chesukuni chesukuni leag off nations chetha belgianiki aadesinchabadindi. belgian valasa sainyam 18,000 mandhi sainikulanu kaligi undhi, idhi aaa samayamlo aafrikaalo atipedda valasavaada sainyaalalo okatigaa nilichindi. nilichindi kango aardhikamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi mariyu ganulu, thotalu mariyu ravana vyavasthalu baga abhivruddhi chendaayi. mahaa maandyam vastuvula dharala pathanaaniki daariteesindi, idhi kaalanee egumati aadhaarita aardhika vyavasthanu balaheenaparichindi mariyu aadaayam mariyu upaadhini pedda ettuna tagginchadaaniki daariteesindi. aaa kaalamlo vistarinchina ekaika parisrama patthi utpatti chuttoo kendrikrutamai undhi.
belgium prabhutvam yuddhaantara samvatsaraallo tatastha vidhananni anusarinchindi. naajii germany 1940 mae 10naa belgiumpy daadi chesindi. 18 rojula poraatam taruvaata, belgian sainyam longipoyindi mariyu deshaanni german dalaalu akraminchayi. germanlaku longipoyina raaju leopold III, migilina yuddhamlo khaidiigaa unchabaddaadu. belgium pathanaaniki mundu, kaalaneela mantri albert dii vleeshouvartho sahaa daani prabhutvam fraanslooni bordiauxku paaripoyindi.
yuddhamloki kango pravesam.
1940 mae 10naa belgium adhikarulu united kingdom mariyu france kango yokka tatasthataku tama gowravaanni prakatinchaalani mariyu bhavishyat shanti oppandamlo daani praadaesika samagrataku maddatu ivvaalani adhikarikamga abhyardhinchaaru. kango german niyantranaloki rakudadani british prabhutvam niraakarinchindi, france kooda dheenini anusarinchindi. kango rajadhani leopoldvillenu aakraminchadaaniki dalaalanu pampadam gurinchi french prabhutvam kluptamgaa aalochinchindi. belgian sainyam longipoyina rojuna, british prabhutvam, bhuubhaagaaniki emi jarugutundane daanipai anischitamgaa, londonlo sankshobha samavesam nirvahinchindi. kangoloni vyuuhaatmaka pradaesaalanu aakraminchadaaniki dalaalanu pampaalani admirality pratipaadinchindi, conny itara sainika kattubaatla kaaranamgaa idhi twaragaa asaadhyamani teerpunichindi. belgium prabhutvam koolipothe, adhi "swatantra" kangoku maddatu istundani british prabhutvam appudu nirnayinchindi.
yuddhaaniki maddatu konasaginchala vadda anae daanipai kangolone bhinnabhiprayalu undevi. belgian corporate adhikarulu kaalanee tatastha vaikharini teesukuntundani aasinchaaru, mariyu fores public, valasarajyala sainyam yokka sibbandi, kango governor general, pierry rikemans adhikaaramlo tatasthata ledhaa swaatantryam prakatinchaalani sifaarasu chesaaru. eee salahanu teesukoovadaaniki niraakarinchina rikemans, belgium sainyam longipoyina rojuna kaalanee mitraraajyaalaku vidheyathatho untundani prakatinchaaru. eee haamii unnappatikee, kaalanee yokka bhavishyattu gurinchi mariyu italian dandayaatra muppu gurinchi bhayapadina tellajati janabhalo stanliville nagaramlo (ippudu thoorpu kangoloni kisangani) antaraayam erpadindi.
juun 17naa france germanytho yuddha viramana prakatinchindi. mitraraajyaala kaaranaaniki taanu maddatu ivvadam konasaagistaanani rikemans prakatinchinappatikii, bordiaxloni belgium prabhutvam french longipovadamtho teevra niraasaku guraindi. pradhana mantri hubert pierloat, poradatam konasaaginchadaaniki vanarulu levani, anduvalla united kingdamlo bahishkarinchabadataaniki badulugaa germanytho shanti charchalu jarapadam manchidani nammadu. chaalaa mandhi mantrulu angeekarinchaaru, ayithe dii vleeshouver vibhedinchaaru. prabhutvam germanytho charchalu jarapadaniki siddhamavutundagaa, bordiaxloni vividha belgo-kango companyla pratinidhulu belgium longipothe, united kingdom kangopai niyantrananu swaadheenam chesukuntundani pukaarlu vachinatlu mantrulaku teliyajesaaru. intalo, aakramita belgiumloni konni vruttaalu kango mitraraajyaalato pottu pettukunte adhi belgianiki saasvatamgaa kaalaneega kolpotundani bhayapaddaru. brasselslo, germanlu "valasavaada rajakeeyaala buro" nuu sthaapinchaaru, idhi kaalaneela mantritva saakhalo migili unna vaatitho sambandhaalanu yerparachukovadaniki prayatninchindi.
kango aksham chetulloki rakudadani british vaaru nischayinchukunnaaru, belgianlu oka erpaatuku rakapothe kaalaneepai daadi chesi aakraminchaalani pranaalika vaesaaru. mukhyamgaa mitraraajyaalu rabbaru vanti mudi padaarthaala kosam niraasaku gurikavadam valla idhi jarigindi, veetini kango samruddhiga utpatti cheyagaladu. juun 20naa british videsanga karyadarshi landanlooni belgium raayabaariki, kaalaneepai german aadhipatyaanni united kingdom angeekarinchadani chepparu. intalo, belgo-kango vyaapaaravaettalu kangopai belgian saarvabhoumaadhikaaram gouravinchabadutundani nirdhaarinchadaaniki dii vleeshouver london vellaalani pratipaadinchaaru. deey vleeshouvarku kango yokka administrator-general anae kotta birudunu manjuru cheyaalani pierlot suuchimchaaru, prabhutvam taruvaata koolipoyi, athani mantri aadesam chellanidi ayinappatikee eee kaaranaanni konasaaginchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. prabhutvam eee aalochanaku angeekarinchindi, juun 18naa idhi "arrete-loeyi" nuu aamodinchindi, dii vleeshouvarku birudunu manjuru chesindi mariyu kangonu nirvahinchadaaniki ataniki puurti saasana mariyu karyanirvahaka adhikaranni pradaanam chesindi. administrator general thana vidhulanu nirvartinchalekapothe, baadhyata governor generalku appaginchabadutundani kooda decree nirdesinchindi. kango yokka valasarajyala saasanamlo thana swantha atyavasara adhikaaraalanu manjuru chesinappatiki, rikemans "arrete-loeyi" nuu dii vleeshouver aadesaala dwara ippatike prabhaavitam kaani praantaalalo charyalu teesukogaladani ardham, mariyu athanu varusa saasana saasanaala dwara kaalaneeni paripaalinchadaaniki munduku sagadu.
dii vleeshouver londonku bayaluderi, juulai 4naa cherukunnaru. athanu british prabhutva sabhyulatho matladi, kango yokka mudi padaarthaalannintinii united kingdom yokka yuddha prayatnaala vadda unchutaanani vaariki haamii icchaadu. taruvaati nelallo pierloat mariyu maroe iddaru mantrulu london cherukogaligaaru, migilina vaaru fraanslo undi rajinama cheyalane tama uddesaanni prakatinchaaru. octoberulo perlot, dii vleeshouver, mariyu maroe iddaru mantrulu united kingdamche gurtinchabadina belgium prabhutvaanni bahishkarinchi adhikarikamga sthaapinchaaru. ayana unnappatikee, aardhika mantri kamille gutt dii vleeshouvarnu rajakeeyamgaa attaduguna padesaru, aaa taruvaata prabhutvamlo ayana paatra chaalaa takkuvagaa undindi. kangopai thana swantha adhikaranni haamii ivvaalanukunna dii vleeshouver mariyu kaalaneelo mitraraajyaala prabhaavaaniki sambandhinchi marinta sayodhya cheyadaaniki prayatninchina videsanga mantri paal-henry spaakla madhya kooda vivaadam jarigindi. united kingdamlo baga sthirapadina mariyu surakshitamaina belgian prabhutvam 1942 april 29naa 18 juun 1940 "arrete-loeyi" sthaanamlo, prabhutvaaniki anni saasana mariyu karyanirvahaka adhikaaraalanu puurtigaa punaruddharinchindi.
mitraraajyaalaku kango maddatu ivvadam valla germanlu kalata chendaaru, belgium valasa samsthalaku aankshalanu vartimpajestaanani bedirinchaaru. leopold III, kaalanee tatasthamgaa undaalani nammi, rikeman nirnayaalapai thana asantruptini vyaktam chesaadu. british yuddha prayatnaalaku maddatu ivvadaaniki kangonu anumatinchakundaa vaarini nirodhinchadaaniki prayatnistuu raacharika raajakeeya nayakulu landanlooni belgian adhikaarulaku sandeshaalanu pampaaru. aktobaru sthirapaddaaru leopold III naajii german nayakudu adolph hitler nundi valasavaada paripalananu tatasthamgaa undela oppinchadaaniki leopoldvilleku oka dhoothanu pampadaaniki anumatini abhyardhinchaadu, conny eee paryatanaku eppuduu adhikaram ivvabadaledu.
aardhika sahakaram.
anubandha maddatu.
londonlo bahishkarinchabadina belgium prabhutvam sthaapinchabadina ventane, mitraraajyaala yuddha prayatnamlo kango paatra gurinchi belgianlu mariyu british vaari madhya charchalu prarambhamayyayi. 21 janavari 1941naa rendu paarteelu oka erpaatuku vachayi, dheenilo kango fraank yokka 30 saatam viluva taggimpu mariyu sterling praantamloki kango pravesamto sahaa anni british demandlu aamodinchabaddaayi. adhikaarika oppandam mariyu mitraraajyaalaku maddatu prakatinchadam dwara kango aardhika vyavastha-mukhyamgaa daani mukhyamaina mudi padaarthaala utpatti-mitraraajyaala vadda unchabadindi. eee bhuubhaagaaniki egumati marketku haamii icchina sterling praantamloki pravesinchadam patla rikemans mariyu baank du kango belz (kango yokka central byaank) nayakulu santoshinchinappatiki, vaaru oppandamlo unna sthira dharalanu teevramgaa ishtapadaledu, idhi united kingdamku anukuulamgaa undhi mariyu sterlingtho matrame vyaparam cheyadam valla kango yokka videshee maaraka nilvalanu pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam cheyavachani aandolana chendaaru. kaalaneelooni vyapara nayakulu kooda asantrupti chendaaru, mariyu tatastha united statesku vaari praamaanika market viluvaku vikrayinchadaaniki oppandamlo paerkonabadani vastuvula utpattini penchaaru. nundi, united states mitraraajyaalalo cherina taruvaata, belgium prabhutvam united states mariyu united kingdamlatho kotta aardhika oppandaanni kudurchukundi. belgium adhikarulu daanipai eppuduu santakam cheyaledu, conny idhi migilina yuddhaaniki "vaastavamgaa" vartinchabadindi, mariyu kango vaanijyam rendu deshaalaku nirdesinchabadindi. nundi japan aagneyaasiyaaloni pedda praantaalanu aakraminchina taruvaata kango aardhika utpatti mitraraajyaalaku marinta viluvaina aastigaa maarindi, aaa praantaalalo rabbaru vanti keelaka ushnamandala vastuvula egumatulanu nilipivesindi.
1930la mahaa maandyam samayamlo belgium prabhutvam antarjaateeya marketlo viluva kaligina patthi utpattini prothsahinchadamtho kango aardhikamgaa marinta kendreekrutamaindi. yuddha samayamlo kango meeda atipedda aardhika demandlu mudi padaarthaalaku sambandhinchinavi. 1938 mariyu 1944 madhya, perigina demandnu edurkovadaniki "union minier du hout katamgaa" (umk) ganulalo panichese kaarmikula sankhya 25,000 nundi 49,000 kuu perigindi. valasavaada paripalana chivariki kango kaarmika shakti parimaanaanni penche lakshyamtho vijayavantamaina vidhaanaalanu amalu chesindi; kaalaneelo cooley kaarmikula sankhya pattaneekarana 480,000 nundi nirvahinchaaru 1945loe perigindi. yuddha prayatnaala kosam utpattini penchadaaniki, valasavaada adhikarulu gantala sankhyanu mariyu european mariyu african kaarmikulu panichese vegaanni penchaaru. idhi kaalanee antataa kaarmikula ashanti peragadaaniki daariteesindi. daariteesindi nishedhinchabadina balavantapu shrama, demandnu konasaaginchadaaniki tirigi pravesapettabadindi; 1944 natiki, graameena kango prajalaku samvatsaraaniki garishtamgaa 120 rojulaku balavantamgaa panichese kaarmikula sankhyanu penchaaru. bhaarii yuddha pannulanu penchadam valla tellajati janabhalo asantrupti kooda perigindi, idhi konnisaarlu 40 saatam varaku cherukundi. 1941 nundi adhika pannulu mariyu dharala niyantranalu amalu cheyabaddaayi, tadwara sampaadinchagala laabhaala mottaanni parimitam chesi, laabhaalanu arikattadam jarigindi. dharala niyantranalu mitraraajyaalaku egumatulaku sahayapadaga, idhi kango raitulanu pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam chesindi, vaaru perigina shrama unnappatikee takkuva sampaadinchaaru.
kango-utpatti chesina mudi vanarulalo ekkuva bhaagam itara mitraraajyaalaku egumati cheyabaddaayi. belgian prabhutvam prakaram, 1942 natiki mottam kaalanee utpatti raagi mariyu thaati noone united kingdamku egumati cheyabadutundagaa, daadaapu anni kaalanee kalapa dakshinaafrikaaku pampabadindi. samyukta raashtraalaku egumatulu kooda 1940 praarambhamlo $600,000 nundi 1942 natiki natiki perigayi. mitraraajyaala sahakaram unnappatikee, valasa paripaalanaloni chaalaa mandhi adhikarulu american mariyu british doutyavettalanu anumaanamtho vyavaharinchaaru, belgian samsthalatho vaari deshaalu edurkone sambhaavya aardhika satrutvaaniki bhayapaddaru. united kingdom mariyu united states yuddha samayamlo kango antataa pedda guudachaarula netvarklanu nirvahinchaayi.
1941 marchi 21naa kudirina oka oppandam prakaram, baank du kango belz nundi runaalu belgium prabhutvam bahishkarinchabadi, belgium dalaalanu swechchagaa tama nidhulanu samakuurchukoevadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi, pravaasamlo unna itara raashtraala maadirigaa kakunda, ivi saanubhootigala prabhutvaala nundi raayiteelu mariyu viraalaala dwara panicheesaayi. sthirapaddaaru londonku taralinchabadina belgian bangaaru nilvalu yuddha prayatnaalaku nidhulu samakuurchaalsina avasaram ledani, anduvalla yuddham mugise samayaniki kooda andubaatulo unnayani kooda dheeni ardham.
euranium.
euranium-235 nuu yuddhaaniki mundu belgianiki egumati cheyadaaniki umk dwara katamgaalooni shinkolovve vadda kangolo tavvakam chesaaru. dheenini modata vaidya parisrama radium utpatti kosam mariyu seramics rangula kosam upayoginchindi. airopaloni saastravettalu taruvaata susampannamaina euraniumnu anhu bambu utpattilo upayoginchavacchani kanugonnaru. bhouthika shaastravetta albert inestein yuu rasinappudu.ess. adhyakshudu franklin dii. german anhu bambu karyakramam yokka avakaasam gurinchi roosvelt atanni heccharinchadaaniki, kango khanijaniki pradhana vanaru anie salaha icchaadu. upayoginchani shinkolobwe gani nundi sekarinchina euranium chivariki mitraraajyaala manhatton project samayamlo anhu bambu abhivruddhilo keelaka paatra pooshinchindi. umk director edger sengier sthirapaddaaru thana euranium stacklo sagam rahasyamgaa newyork kuu pampaadu; 1942 septembarulo, athanu daanini united states sainyaniki vikrayinchaadu.
sengier swayamgaa newyork vellaadu, akkada nundi athanu migilina yuddhamlo umk kaaryakalaapaalaku darsakatvam vahinchaadu. yuu.ess. ganulanu punaruddharinchadaaniki mariyu sthaanika vimaanaasrayaalu mariyu odarevu soukaryaalanu punaruddharinchadam dwara daani ravana anusandhanalanu meruguparachadaaniki prabhutvam nundi armi corps off injaneers nundi sainikulanu shinkolobveku pampindi. 1944 septembarulo belgium prabhutvam united kingdom mariyu united statesto oka oppandaaniki cherukundi, aaa rendu deshaalaku matrame kango euraniumnu nirneeta dharaku vikrayistundi. aaa samvatsaram americanlu kottagaa tirigi terichina gani nundi euranium dhaatuvunu marinta pondaaru. eee ganilo ekkuvagaa anaarogyakaramaina paristhitulalo panichesina congolese sibbandi undevaaru.
german vajraala akrama ravana.
valasarajyala samsthalalo palgonna kontamandi belgian paarisraamikavettalu germanyki rahasyamgaa sahayam chestunnarani yuddha samayamlo tarachugaa pukaarlu vachayi. paarisraamika vajraalanu bhadraparachadaaniki belgo-kango maining companylatho kalisi panicheyadam american adhikarulu kashtamgaa bhaavinchaaru. belgian prabhutvam prakaram, 1942 natiki kaalanee yokka mottam paarisraamika vajraala utpatti united kingdamku ravana cheyabadutondi. vaastavaaniki, aneka paarisraamika vajraalu german yuddha prayatnamlo upayogam kosam naajii germanyki akramamga ravana cheyabaddaayi. chaalaa kango vajraalanu society general dii belgium yokka anubandha samstha ayina forminier tavvakam chesindi, idhi dii beers diamond sindiketlo sabhyatvam pondindi. sthirapaddaaru, eee kango etaa 10.9 million caretla vajraalanu utpatti chestundani syndicate nivedinchindi. yuddham praarambhamaina ventane utpatti gananeeyamgaa ksheeninchindani, 1942 natiki utpatti adhikarikamga 5 million caretlaku padipoyindani nivedinchindi-dadapuga asalu utpatti sankhya yuddhaaniki mundu germanyki egumati chesina mottaanni tagginchindi. kaalanee nundi pedda mottamlo vajraalu akramamga ravana cheyabadutunnayani nammi, american intelligence adhikarulu ganula bhadratanu tanikhi cheyamani british agentlanu oppinchaaru. tanikhi brundaalanu paryavekshinche baadhyata kaligina adhikari saraina bhadrata charyalu levani, forminier mariyu society mineere du beseka sibbandi paryatanala samayamlo "dushta vaataavaranam" nuu pempondinchaarani nirdhaarinchaaru. forminier director ayina fermin vaan bree german saanubhootini konasaaginchaadani vistrutamgaa anumaaninchabadindi. german prabhutvam forminier mariyu society general naayakulatoe rahasya charchalu nirvahinchindi, mariyu 1944 varaku pedda mottamlo vajraalanu konugolu cheyadaaniki veelu kalpinche oppandaalanu kudurchukundi. ghnaapakaartham germany society general kuu vajraala kosam $1.5 millionlu chellinchindi. american mariyu british agentlu chivariki kango nundi vajraalanu mariyu gaali mariyu samudram dwara german aakramita airopaku teesukuvacche vistruta akrama ravana netvarknu kanugonnaru. oka american nivedika prakaram, ratnaalanu ravana cheyadaaniki belgium dautya sanchulanu konnisaarlu upayoginchevaaru. akrama vaanijyaanni anachiveyadaaniki americanlu chesina pratipaadanalanu british aardhika yuddha mantritva saakha addukundi, dheeni diamond kamiteelo dii beers diamond syndicate sabhyulu aadhipatyam chelaayinchaaru. yuddham mugisina taruvaata belgium prabhutvam 576,676 caretla vajraala kosam society general kuu 25 million dollarlu chellinchaalani germanyni demand chesindi.
sainika prameyam.
balavantamgaa prachurinchandi.
fores public (ledhaa "public fores") anedi kango mariyu ruwanda-uruundii rendinti yokka samyukta pooliisu mariyu sainika dalam. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo, idhi swechhaa belgian dalaalalo ekkuva bhaganni kaligi undhi, ghnaapakaartham daani sikharagra samayamlo 40,000 mandiki paiga purushulu unnaaru. aaa samayamlo itara valasavaada sainyala maadirigaane, public fores jaatigaa vaeru cheyabadindi; dheeniki 280 mandhi tella adhikarulu mariyu ensiolu naayakatvam vahinchaaru, conny sthaanika nalla aafrikanlu unnaaru. yuddhaaniki mundu belgian saayudha dalaalaku sarafara chesina aadhunika parikaraalanu fores public ennadoo pondaledu, anduvalla stokes mortar mariyu seyint chamand 70 mimi hovitzer vanti paatha aayudhalu mariyu parikaraalanu upayoginchaalsi vachindi. yuddha samayamlo niyamakam mariyu nilvalanu pilavadam dwara balaganni vistarinchaaru.
fores public kosam oka vaimanika sevanu roopondinchadaaniki dii vleeshouver adhikaram icchaaru, mariyu belgium prabhutvam sikshana andinchadaaniki marchi ayithe dakshinaafrikaato oppandam kudurchukundi. uttara aafrikaaloni belgian flying school nundi paaripoyina belgian pilate kepten france berniaux radeo leopoldville dwara chesina vignapti dwara modati niyaamakaalu aakarshinchabaddayi. chaalaa mandhi pailatlu chivariki yuddha samayamlo dakshinaafrikaa vaimanika dalamlo panicheesaaru, conny vaari jeetaalanu belgian kango yokka khazana dwara chellinchaaru.
thoorpu african dandayaatra.
mitraraajyaala yuddha prayatnaala kosam kango yokka aardhika vanarulanu sameekarinchadaaniki siddhamgaa unnappatikee, bahishkaranalo unna belgium prabhutvam praarambhamlo kango dalaalanu yuddhamlo moharinchadaaniki chaalaa sankochinchindi. belgium raaja kutumbaaniki italian raaja kutumbamtho rajavamsa sambandhaalu unnanduna, aafrikaalo kaalaneelu kaligi, khandamlo british aastulanu bhadraparachadaaniki poraadutunna germany mitraraajyamaina italeepai yuddham prakatinchadaaniki kooda prabhutvam niraakarinchindi. aakramita belgiumlo unna italian vimanalu britainpai daadi chestunnayani, oka italian jalaantargaami belgian cargo shipnu munchivesinappudu eee vaikhari maarindi. belgium yuddha prakatana chivariki 1940 november 23naa italeeki vyatiraekamgaa ivvabadindi. rendu rojula taruvaata, italii mariyu kango madhya yuddha paristhiti undani rikemans prakatinchaaru.
dalaaniki chendina moodu brigedlu italianlatho pooraadataaniki british dalaalatoe kalisi italian thoorpu africaku pampabaddayi. belgian 1va valasavaada brigade nairuti sector looni galla-sidamo praantamloo panichesindi. 1941 maeloe, majer-general auguste-edward gilliert aadhvaryamlo sumaru 8,000 mandhi sainikulu paschima kangoloni tama sthaavaraala nundi kavaatu chesina taruvaata ethiopian ettaina praantaalalo saayo vadda general pietro gajera yokka italianla tirogamanaanni vijayavantamgaa nilipivesaaru. dalaalu malaria mariyu itara ushnamandala vyaadhulatoe badhapaddayi, conny aneka poraataalalo italianlanu vijayavantamgaa oodinchaayi. gajjera mariyu 7,000 mandhi italian dalaala longipovadaanni gilliert taruvaata angeekarinchaadu. ethiopialo jarigina dandayaatralo, 1941 mugimpuku mundu tommidi mandhi italian generals, 370 mandhi unnata sthaayi adhikarulu mariyu 15,000 mandhi italian valasa dalaala longipovadaanni fores public andukundi. ethiopialo kango dalaalu sumaru 500 mandhi praanaalanu kolpoyayi.
ethiopialo mitraraajyaala vijayam taruvaata, fores public nigerialoni british kaalaneeki maarindi, idhi vichii-niyantrita dahomipai pranaalikaabaddhamaina dandayaatraku vaedikagaa upayoginchabadutondi, idhi jaragaledu, 13,000 kango dalaalu kooda rakshanalo unnaayi. appudu fores publicklo oka bhaagam eejipt mariyu british tappanisari paalastiinaaku velli, 1943 mariyu kaaranamgaa 1va belgian kango brigade groupunu punahroopakalpana chesaaru.
vaidya sahayam.
kango nundi oka vaidya vibhagam, 10va (belgian kango) pramaada clearing station, ghnaapakaartham erpadindi, mariyu madagaskar dandayaatra samayamlo mariyu barma dandayaatra samayamlo suduura thoorpuna british dalaalatoe kalisi panichesindi. eee unitlo (station yokka sthaanika rakshana kosam oka chinna dalapu public dalaalu undevi) 350 mandhi nallajati mariyu 20 mandhi tellajati sibbandi unnaaru, mariyu 1945 varaku british vaaritho kalisi panicheesaaru.
belgian kangolo jeevitam.
yuddham praarambhamlo, kango janabha sumaru 12 millionla nallajaateeyulu mariyu 30,000 swethajaatheeyulu unnaaru. valasarajyala prabhutvam janabhanu jaathi praatipadikana vaeru chesindi mariyu rangula madhya chaalaa takkuva kalayika undedi. tellajati janabha chaalaa pattaneekarana cheyabadindi mariyu leopoldville, nallajati majority nundi vaeru cheyabadina nagaramlo naaluginta oka vanthu nivasinchaaru. nagaramloni nallajaatiiyulandaruu karfyuki kattubadi undalsi vachindi. valasarajyala adhikarulu kangoloni shatru vidaeseeyulanu arrestu chesi, sthirapaddaaru vaari aastulanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. rashtra bhadrata seva kaalaneelo pedda unikini konasaaginchindi mariyu videshee janabhanu nisitamgaa paryaveekshinchindi. valasarajyala paripalana medianu sensor cheyadam dwara african janabha nundi yuddhanni daachadaaniki prayatninchindi, conny kango prajalu tellajati janabhalo antargata udriktatalanu mariyu german mariyu italian jaateeyulanu nirbandhinchadaanni gamaninchaaru. kaalaneelo bahya prabhavalanu merugga edurkovadaniki, paripalana samachara mariyu prachara vibhaganni erpaatu chesindi. yuddha samayamlo sumaru 3,000 mandhi greeku saranaarthulu kangolo sthirapaddaaru. sthirapaddaaru governor aadesaala meraku katamgaa provinceloni italian yoodulanu nirbandhinchinappatiki, kontamandi european yoodulu, mukhyamgaa italian jaateeyata kaligina vaaru kooda yuddhaaniki mundu mariyu yuddha samayamlo yoodu vyatiraeka vivakshanu nivaarinchadaaniki mariyu aardhika avakaasaalanu kanugonadaaniki kangolo sthirapaddaaru. elijabetvilleloni kontamandi yoodu vyaapaarulu tama dukaanaalaloo swastikaalanu geesaaru.
valasarajyala paripalana yokka demandlu graameena nivaasitulapai teevramgaa padipoyayi, veetini rahadari nirmaana prajectulu mariyu rabbaru pantakota kosam nirbandhinchaaru. kaarmikulaku paristhitulu kathinamgaa undevi, konni sandarbhaallo kango rahita rashtram daani rabbaru sekarana vyavasthaku sambandhinchi chesina munupati duraagataalato kango saamuuhika ghnaapakaartham kalapabaddayi. pattaneekarana chendina kango prajalu saadhaaranamgaa yuddha samayamlo vaari graameena sahacharula kante ekkuva aardhika labhanni pondaaru, ayithe pedda mottamlo rabbarunu sekarinchina aneka mandhi kaarmikulu marinta ekkuva dabbu sampaadinchaaru. yuddha samayamlo, pravaasamlo unna belgium prabhutvam mitraraajyaala rashtraalapai pracharanni nadipinchindi, idhi daani palananu chattabaddham chese prayatnamlo daani kaalaneeki saanukuula imagenu srushtinchindi. newyork nagaramlo, belgian samachara kendram aneka prachuranalanu vidudala chesindi, ivi belgianlu congolesenu "bhayankaramaina paristhitula" nundi rakshinchaarani mariyu bhoobhaagamlo jeevitaanni meruguparichaarani nokki cheppayi. vistruta mitraraajyaala pracharam kooda kango lopala mariyu belgium prabhutvamtho daani sambandhaalalo antargata raajakeeya udriktatalanu takkuvagaa choopindi, tadwara daani yuddha prayatnaala samanvayaanni saamarasyapoorvakamga chithreekarinchindi.
belgian valasa paripalana sthaanika congolese patla pitruswamya vaikharini konasaaginchindi. graameena kango prajalaku parimita sankshema sahayanni andinchadaaniki kooda baadhyata vahinche protestant mariyu catholic missionlache vidyanu adhikamgaa niyantrinchevaaru. belgium aakramana belgian missionarylanu vaari maatru samsthala nundi vaeru chesindi, deenivalla valasarajyala paripalana budget lotunu teerchadaaniki vaari kaaryakalaapaalaku subsidini ichindi. yuddham vaari suvaarta pracharanni pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam cheyaledu, mariyu nirvahinchina baptismla sankhya sankhya 1,824,000 nundi nundi mottam 2,214,000 kuu perigindi. prabhutva mariyu corporate vaidyulu, private abhyaasakulu mariyu missionaryla misramam dwara aarogya samrakshana andinchabadindi. yuddham prarambhamainappudu kangolo 302 mandhi vaidyulu panicheestunnaaru. kontamandi vaidya sibbandi videshee moharimpulalo balagamtho paatu vellaaru, conny ekkuva mandhi sangharshana kaalam kaalaneelone undipoyaaru. poruguna unna french aastula maadirigaa kakunda, eee yuddham kangoloni aarogya samrakshana pradaatala vanarulanu pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam cheyaledu. vaidya parisoedhana konasaagindi mariyu oka kotta patrika srushtinchabadindi, tadwara bhuubhaagam belgium nundi vaeru cheyabadinappudu phalitaalanu prachurinchavacchu.
yuddha samayamlo aaharam sarafara lekunda undipoyindi, tyrelu mariyu automobiles ammakalanu matrame prabhutvam parimitam chesindi. ayinappatikee, yuddham viniyoga vastuvula korataku daariteesindi. kango fraank viluva taggimpu kooda videshee digumatulanu marinta khareedainadigaa chesindi. yuddha samayamlo kango yokka aardhika sameekarana yokka parinamalalo okati, mukhyamgaa nallajati janaabhaaku, gananeeyamaina pattaneekarana. pattaneekarana sthaanika janabhalo kevalam 9 saatam mandhi matrame nagarallo nivasinchaaru; 1950 natiki eee sankhya 20 saataaniki daggaragaa undhi. valasarajyala prabhutvam yuddha samayamlo ravana mariyu utpatti soukaryaalanu kooda baga meruguparichindi.
ashanti.
daadulu.
yuddha samayamlo kango kaarmikulapai valasarajyala prabhutvam chesina demandlu sraamika shakti nundi sammelu mariyu allarlaku kaaranamayyaayi. kaalaneelooni swethajaatheeyulu yuddha samayamlo modatisaarigaa kaarmika sanghaalanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki anumatinchabaddaaru, merugaina vetanam mariyu pani paristhitula kosam vaari demandlanu nallajati kaarmikulu tarachugaa anukarinchaaru. european naipunhyam kaligina kaarmikula korata valasarajyala prabhutvaanni modatisaarigaa sthaanika kango naipunhyam kaligina kaarmika sthaanaalaku sikshana ivvadaaniki mariyu ivvadaaniki balavantam chesindi, conny vaariki vaari tella sahacharula kante takkuva vetanam ivvabadindi, idhi asantruptini kaliginchindi. aktobaru ayithe, kaalaneelooni tellajati kaarmikulu kaalanee antataa saadhaarana sammeku prayatninchaaru.
1941 decemberulo, kaatamga provinceloni vividha pradaesaalaloo nalla ganula kaarmikulu, jadotville mariyu elijabetvilletho sahaa, perugutunna jeevana vyayalanu bharti cheyadaaniki vaari vaetanaanni 1.5 frankla nundi 2 fraanklaku penchaalani demand chestu samme chesaaru. december 3naa samme praarambhamaindi, marusati roeju natiki 1,400 mandhi kaarmikulu panimutlanu tolaginchaaru. december 9 natiki anni umk saitlu prabhaavitamayyaayi. valasarajyala kramam mariyu vibhajanaku vyatiraekamgaa itara firyadula valla kooda sammeku aajyam poesindi.
modati nundi, valasavaada adhikarulu sammekaarulanu chedaragotti tirigi paniki vellamani oppinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru. vaaru niraakarinchinappudu, vaaripai kaalpulu jaripaaru. jadotvillelo, 15 mandhi strikerlanu sainyam kalchi champindi. elijabetvillelo, vaari nayakudu leonard empoyitho sahaa strikerlanu pattana stadiumlo charchalaku aahvaninchaaru, akkada vaariki 30 saatam vaetana pemputho sahaa vividha raayiteelu ivvabaddaayi. kaarmikulu niraakarinchinappudu, katamgaa governor, amour marone, empoipai kaalpulu jaripi, atanni champadu. aaa tarvaata staediyamlooni itara strikerlapy kaalpulu jarapalani governor thana sainikulanu aadesinchaadu. adhikaarika anchanaa prakaram 30 mandhi unnappatikee, nirasana samayamlo 60 nundi 70 mandhi sammekaarulu maraninchaaru. mainarlu december 10naa paniki tirigi vacchaaru.
yuddhaanantaram kangolo aneka chinna chinna sammelu jarigaayi, ayithe ayithe jarigina sthaayilo kaadu. ganula kosam kaarmikulanu nirbandhinchadam mariyu ksheenistunna pani paristhitula kaaranamgaa kaaranamgaa katamgaa mariyu kasaayilo sammelu chelaregaayi. aaa samvatsaram belgianlu asantushta kaarmikulu rabbarunu sekarinchela chuudataaniki ekwutur provincelo konni "pooliisu karyakalapalu" nirvahinchaaru. nirvahinchaaru, naukashraya nagaramaina maataadiloo nallajaateeyula revula kaarmikulalo allarlu, sammelu jarigaayi.
luluborg tirugubaatu.
kangoloni valasa prabhutvam poura kramaanni nirvahinchadaaniki daani sainyampai aadhaarapadindi, annintikante minchi, idhi sthaanika dalaala vidheyatapai aadharapadi undedi, veeru adhika sankhyalo prajalalo undevaaru. thoorpu african prachaaramlo anubhavagnudaina modati sargent-majer engoy mukalabushi netrutvamloni nallajati naan-commissioned adhikarulu 1944 fibravarilo central kango provins kaasailooni luluborg vadda tirugubaatu chesaaru; dheeniki kaaranam mundu bhaagamlo panichesina dalaalaku teekaalu vese pranaalika, ayinappatikee sainikulu vaaripai unchina demandla gurinchi mariyu vaari tella adhikarulu vaari chikitsa gurinchi kooda asantruptigaa unnaaru.
fibravari 20 udayam tirugubaatudaarulu sthaavaram yokka aayudhaagaaramloki pravesinchi pattanamlooni tellani bhaganni dochukunnaru. pattana nivaasulu paaripoyaaru, oka belgian adhikari mariyu iddaru tellajati pourulu champabaddaru. tirugubaatudaarulu valasa adhikaarula kanipinche sanketalapai daadi chesi swaatantryam kosam tama korikanu prakatinchaaru. tirugubaatudaarulu tama sonta graamaalaku chedaragotti, daarilo dochukunnaru; vaaru tirugubaatunu porugu rakshana dalaalaku vyaapti cheyadamlo viphalamayyaru. eee tirugubaatulo vaari paatraku gaanu mukalabushitho sahaa iddaru tirugubaatudaarulanu uriteesaaru.
vaarasatvam.
yuddhaanantara belgian adhikaarika vaakchaaturyamlo maatru desham patla kango vaikharini "tiruguleni sangheebhaavam" gaa chitreekarinchaaru."sangharshana samayamlo kango tulanaatmaka sreyassu phalitamgaa, yuddhaanantara kaalamlo belgium nundi deshaaniki valasalu alalu vachayi. 1950 natiki 100,000 mandhi swethajaatheeyulu kangolo nivasistunnaaru. edemaina, yuddham valasarajyala paripalana yokka anischita swabhaavaanni highlight chesindi, governor rikemans taruvaata "valasavaadam rojulu mugisai" anie vyaakhyaaninchadaaniki daariteesindi. belgium prabhutvam kangoku "yuddha runam" chellinchindani bhaavinchindi, tadwara sthaanika janabha aandolanalapai ekkuva shraddha choopabadindi. yuddham taruvaata samvatsaraalalo, valasavaada prabhutvam vistrutamaina samskaranalaku lonaindi. nallajaateeyulaku gananeeyamgaa ekkuva hakkulu mariyu swechhalu manjuru cheyabaddaayi, idhi "evolu" ("parinaamam chendina") taragati anie pilavabade vruddhiki daariteesindi. ayinappatikee, prati sthaanika congolese nundi samvatsaraaniki 60 rojula nirbandha kaarmikula belgian vidhanam kango swaatantryam vachhe varaku amalulo undhi, ayithe yuddham taruvaata british mariyu french aastulalo ilanti kaarmika sunkaalu raddu cheyabaddaayi. yuddhamlo anubhavagnulaina fores pablikku chendina aneka mandhi nallajati sabhyulu kango swaatantryam taruvaata sainyamlo pramukha paatralalo panicheesaaru, veerilo luis bobozo, yujeen ebeya mariyu norbert muke unnaaru.
paarisraamika ashanti taruvaata, taruvaata nallajati kaarmikula kosam kaarmika sanghaalu sthaapinchabaddaayi, ayithe vaariki adhikaram mariyu prabhavam lekapoyindi. umk vadda kaarmikulu adhika vaetanaalanu demand chestune unnaaru, taruvaati dasaabdam varaku kaalaneelo sammelu sarvasaadhaaranam ayyayi. ayinappatikee, yuddham taruvaata samvatsaraalalo vaetanaalu mariyu jeevana paristhitulu rendoo gananeeyamgaa merugupaddayi. eee yuddham rendava paarisraamikeekarana taramgaanni praarambhinchindi, idhi idhi kango swaatantryam varaku konasaagindi.
1941 elizabeth ville oochakotha anedi kango kala mariyu jaanapada kathalalo punaraavrutamayye amsam, taruvaata idhi prajaadarana pondina kango valasarajyala vyatiraeka kathanamlo cherchabadindi. rendava prapancha yuddhamlo kango paatra gurinchi chaaritraka charcha saadhaaranamgaa shinkolobwe nundi sekarinchina euranium prastaavanaku matrame parimitam cheyabadindi. yuddha samayamlo kango euranium yokka praamukhyata kaaranamgaa soviet union eee bhuubhaagampai aasakti choopindi; idhi taruvaata pracchanna yuddha samayamlo soviet aasakti unna praantamgaa maarindi. eee yuddham belgium nundi dhooramgaa united states, united kingdom mariyu united kingdom kaalaneela vaipu kango vaanijyaanni tirigi kendreekarinchadaaniki kooda daariteesindi.
ghnaapakaartham.
ghnaapakaartham, ethiopialo congoles charyala ghnaapakaartham belgian kangoloni faradzelo moodu vaipula pyramidnu nirminchaaru. pyramid yokka prati mukham prati pradhana poraata pradaesaala paerlatoe chekkabadindihi assosa, gambela mariyu saayo. desavyaaptamgaa aneka pradaesaalu-prastutam kango prajaasvaamya ganatantram-yuddhaala paeru pettabaddayi. pettabaddayi belgium prabhutvam rendava prapancha yuddhamtho sahaa belgium valasa dalaala sainika vijayalaku belgiumloni sherbeekloni oka smaaraka chihnanni ankitam chesindi.

