shaan jose mogot

shaan jose mogot anedi japotech yokka columbian puurva puraavastu pradaesam, idhi ippudu mexican raashtramaina oksaka praantamloo abhivruddhi chendina oka madhyaamerikan samskruti. maante alban yokka baga telisina japotech pradaesaaniki puurvagaami, shaan jose mogot prarambha mariyu madhya nirmaana kalalalo (ca. madhyaamerikan saamskrutika abhivruddhi yokka 1500-500 bce).
oksaka loyaloni etla vibhagam yokka saaravantamaina diguva bhoobhagalalo unna eee pradaesam chuttoo prastuta shaan jose mogot graamam undhi, idhi oksaka nagaraniki vaayuvya disalo undhi (evans 2004:122).
shaan jose mogot oksaka loyalo atyanta puraatanamaina shaashwata vyavasaya graamamgaa pariganinchabadutundi mariyu bahusha eee praantamloo kundalanu upayoginchina modati sthaavaramgaa pariganinchabadutundi. adhi kooda undhi "anie annaru...mexico yokka atyanta puraatana rakshanaatmaka polysadelu mariyu utsava bhavanalanu (cree. puu. 1300) nirminchindi.sii.), adob yokka prarambha upayogam (850 bii.sii.), japotech hyroglyphic rachana yokka modati sakshyam (600 bii.sii.), mariyu nirmaana terressing, craft specialisation mariyu irrigation (1150-850 b.sii.)."
20va sataabdam chivaralo rendu dasabdaluga nirvahinchina puraavastu parisoedhanalu (udhaa.zii.kent flannery mariyu joys marcus) japotech samskruti yokka prarambha kendramgaa shaan jose mogot yokka abhivruddhi chendutunna chitraanni nirminchaaru; taruvaata dheenini monte alban bharti chesaaru ledhaa adhigaminchaaru. kutumba nivaasaala samuuhamgaa praarambhamainappati nundi, shaan jose mogot oka pedda mariyu sanklishtamaina raajakeeya kendraanni soochinche smaaraka praja nirmaanaalanu chaerchadaaniki abhivruddhi cheyabadindi; idhi oksaka loyalo aneka anubandha sthaavaraalanu paripaalinchindi, eee praantam nundi kappam mariyu sevalanu andukundi. inca aspashtamaina kaaranaala valla, daani hodha ksheeninchindi mariyu idhi kotta japotech raajakeeya kendram mariyu rajadhani monte albanku upanadigaa maarindi.
praantiiya layowoot.
shaan paablo hutzo, shanta marta etla, hassinda blanca, tomaltepec, jachila, abasolo, mitla, tilcajet, jegache mariyu shanta anaa tlapakoyan anevi shaan jose mogot kuu maddatu ichhe konni chinna sthaavaraalu, ivi oksaka loya yokka atyanta abhivruddhi chendina, uttara madhya praantamloo unnaayi.
oksaka loyalo nagarikata abhivruddhi.
kristupurvam 1500 mariyu 1150 madhya shaan jose mogot konni gruha nirmaanaala nundi sumaru 2000 chadarapu meterla (aidu ekaraalu) vistiirnamloo unna oka graamamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi, idhi oksaka loyaloni sumaru 25 gramalalo atipeddadi mariyu eee praantamloo prabhutva bhavanalu (dhara mariyu feinman 2005:320-321) unna ekaika samajam. neetipaarudala yokka rendu paddhatulanu pravesapettadam vyavasaya utpaadakatanu meruguparachadaaniki kaaranamai undavacchu. veetilo pravaahaala nundi pravahinche neetipaarudala guntalu mariyu "kunda neetipaarudala" unnaayi, veetilo pantalapai poyadaaniki aneka nissara baavula nundi neetini munchiveyadam untundi (evans 2004, p. 145).
eee pradaesamloe sthirapadina aneka vibhina gruhalu shaan jose mogot vadda praathamika saamaajika vibhaagaalanu yerparustaayi. shaan jose mogot vadda oka saadhaarana gruha vibhaagamlo brazierlu, erth ovenlu mariyu/ledhaa vanta kosam poyyi, raayi manos mariyu grounding kosam metetlu mariyu nallati kundalu undevi. mokkajonnatho sahaa aaharaanni inti godala velupala ganta aakaaramlo unna guntalalo nilva chesevaaru. taruvaata, chettanu eee guntalalo padesi, mid depositlu yerparustaayi. inti nirmaanaalaku prakkane unna praantaallo samadhulu mariyu itara karyakalapala praantaalu kooda unnaayi. aachaaraaniki sambandhinchina saakshyaalalo khananam cheyabadina maanava mariyu janthu bommalu unnaayi. suduura vaanijyam yokka praathamika soochikalalo obsidian chipped raathi kalakhandalu unnaayi. obsidian anedi oksaka loyalo sthaanikamgaa andubaatulo laeni padaartham.
kristupurvam 1150 taruvaata eee praantamlooni itara sthaavaraalu chinnaviga undipoyaayi, conny shaan jose mogot graamam janabhalo mariyu daani praja nirmaanaala vistaranalo perigindi, idhi itara gramalapai niyantrana rajadhaanigaa daani paatranu suuchistumdi. kristupurvam 900 mariyu 600 madhya, loyalo janabha 40 samajalalo nivasistunna 2000 mandiki moodu retlu perigindi, aaa sankhyalo sagam mandhi shaan jose mogotlo nivasistunnaaru, idhi parimaanamlo perigindi (eevaans 2004, p. 145). purushula illu" anie piluvabade oka samaja bhavanam, graama purushulu poura mariyu utsava prayojanaala kosam samavesamayye pradaesamgaa panichesindani nammutaaru. bhavanam yokka utsava praamukhyata uttaraana enimidi degreela paschima disalo undatam dwara suuchimchabadutumdi. oka mukhyamaina olmake sait ayina laa venta, adhe dhoranini kaligi undhi, idhi khagola shaastram mariyu calender vyavastha (evans 2004, pp. 122-123). pratyaekamgaa shaan jose mogot vadda palish chesina magnetite addaalu tayaaru cheyabaddaayi mariyu konni suduuramaina olmec gulph tiiraaniki vartakam cheyabaddaayi. taabelu shellu, shankha-shell bakalu mariyu stingray vennemukalatoe tayaaru chesina drums, alaage olmec samuuhaalatoe anubandhinchabadina kundala namuunaalu, mukhyamgaa shaan jose dii mogot (dhara mariyu feinman 2005, p. 321).
creepoo 700 natiki shaan jose mogot janabha perugutuunae undhi. kristupurvam 700 mariyu 500 madhya, 3500 mandhi prajalu oksaka loyanu aakramincharu, shaan jose mogot vadda sumaru 1000 mandhi nivasinchaaru, idhi sumaruga (2004, p. 187). adob itukalu mariyu pedda raathi blaakulatoe nirminchina pradhana praja bhavanalu muriki dibbala paina nirminchabaddaayi. creepoo 500 kii mundu eee praantamloo atipedda samudaayam shaan jose mogot vadda dibba 1, idhi oka kondapai nirminchabadindi, idhi sumaruga 500 kii perigindi.
raajakeeya samstha.
eee saapekshamgaa takkuva vyavadhilo eee praantam yokka udbhavinchina japotech nagarikata saamaajika rankinglo maarpunu anubhavinchindi-swayampratipatti, samanatva girijana samajam nundi samajikamga stareekruta samaajaaniki parivartana-charitralo oka "nirvachinche kshanam" idhi mesoamerican prapanchavyaaptamgaa paso dii laa amada mariyu shaan lorenzo tenochtitlan vanti pradaesaalaloo pratibimbistumdi.
zaan ii prakaram. clark, "shaan jose dasha mugise samayaniki, shaan jose mogot spashtamgaa unnadu...oka adhipati ". shaan jose mogot vadda (ledhaa aaa vishayamlo, madhyaamerikaalo marekkadaina) vamsapaaramparya asamaanatalu eppudu ledhaa elaa udbhavinchayo khachitamgaa teliyadu, ayithe eee parivartana elaa jarigindo mariyu shaan jose mogot vadda elaa dopidi cheyabadindo aadharalu ichhe konni adbhutamaina suuchikalu unnaayi.
swayampratipatti gala sanghaalanu adhipatulugaa marchadam gurinchi vistrutamgaa aamodinchabadina oka siddhaantam emitante, oka vyakti ledhaa vyaktula samuuham vaari samaajamlooni itarulanu niyantrinchadam praarambhinchadaaniki kontha balavantam chesi undaali. balaheena vargaalu tama korikalaku longipovalani balavantam cheyadaaniki balamaina vargaalu balavantam chesi undavacchu, mariyu deenni cheyadaaniki vaaru aneka vibhina maargaala dwara tama balaanni pondavacchu. modatidi, vyavasaya bhoomula yokka gandaragola empikalu oka vyakti ledhaa vyaktula samuuhaaniki panta utpattilo kramapaddhatilo paicheyi saadhinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi. rendavadi, pootii vargaala daadulanu nivaarinchadaaniki manchi kootami-nirmaana vyuuhaalu pradarsinchabadi undavacchu. chivaraga, aarogyakaramaina santaanam oka vyakti yokka vamsam vaaru poeyina chaalaa kaalam tarvaata surakshitamgaa undela chesi, balamaina vamsapaaramparya sanghaalanu raajavamsam yokka vidhini niyantrinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi.
paraspara siddhaantaanni samaajamlooni oka sabhyudu itarulapai niyantrana saadhinchadaaniki upayoginchi undavacchu. udaaharanaku, oka okka raitu oka seasonlo adhika samruddhiga pantanu kaligi unte, aaa raitu aaa adanapu aaharaanni oka saamaajika vindu nirvahinchadaaniki upayoginchagaligi undavacchu, dheenilo athanu itarulanu upachaetanamgaa oppinchagaligi undavacchu, paraspara siddhaantaanni upayoginchi, vaari nundi shrama ledhaa vastuvulanu pondadaaniki, raitu thana thootivaari kante nemmadigaa aardhika prayojanaanni pondadaaniki upayoginchagaligi undavacchu.
eee prarambha madhyaamerikan samajalalo okadaanilo sabhyudu aadhyaatmika mariyu/ledhaa atindriya saktulanu kaligi unnaarani kooda cheppukovacchu. idhi oka vyakti saamaajika hodaalo pattu saadhinchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi, endukante aaa vyakti matrame samaajamlooni saadhaarana sabhyulaku aatma prapanchamtho sambhaashinchadaaniki ekaika link avtadu. praacheena madhyaamerikaalo aadhyaatmikata atuvanti mukhyamaina paatra pooshinchinanduna, nijamgaa chellubaatu ayyeda ledhaa anae vaadanalu, atindriya saktulanu kaligi undatam anedi samaajamlo unnata saamaajika rankingnu nirnayinchadamlo keelakamainadi.
eee karakalu konni ledhaa annee shaan jose mogot vadda saamaajika stareekaranaku neerugaa dohadapaddayani nammutaaru. eee sanghatanalu eppudu jarigindo khachitamgaa teliyadu, ayinappatikee idhi ratriputa prakriyaku badulugaa kramamga abhivruddhi chendutundani nammutaaru.
shaan jose mogot oka adhipatigaa maarina tarvaata, sthaanika samajalapai niyantrana saadhinchadaaniki daani adhikaranni upayoginchadam praarambhinchindi. aagneyamlo unna chinna vyavasaya samajam tyras largas vanti chinna graamaala maddatutoe, shaan jose mogot dozenla koddi parisara nivaasaalaku oka vidhamaina "rajadhani" ledhaa vaanijyam mariyu niyantrana kendra praantamgaa prasiddhi chendindi.
shaan jose mogot eee praantiiya, aardhika mariyu raajakeeya aadhipatyaanni saadhinchadaaniki, anni sandarbhaallo, shaan jose mogot praantiiya nayakudiga maaradaaniki, shaan jose mogot prajalu modata sthaanika gramalalo nivasinche prajalanu prabhaavitam cheyadaaniki mariyu oppinchadaaniki taginanta saktivantamaina vyaktini ennukuni undaali. bhavanala sthaayi mariyu vaatini nirminchadaaniki digumati chesukunna padaarthaalu shaan jose mogot nayakulu chuttupakkala graameena praantaallooni prajalanu niyantrinchagaligaarani spashtamgaa suuchistunnaayi.
nirmaanaalu, parimaanam mariyu janabha.
shaan jose mogot loe 20 hectorla (c. 50 ekaraalu) shaan jose dasalo sumaru 1,000 mandhi, ledhaa mottam oksaka loya janabhalo daadaapu sagam mandiki vasati kalpinchadaaniki upayoginchina prakruti drushyam.
shaan jose mogot sarihaddula lopala pratyeka purushula samavesa mandiram nirmaanam kanugonabadindi mariyu samvatsaraalugaa anekasaarlu punarnirminchabadindi.
shaan jose mogot vadda 1 mariyu 2 nirmaanaalu kalisi aakattukune, bahula-sthaayi prabhutva-sthaayi bhavananni yerparustaayi, idhi jatiparamga vaividhyamaina samajam aaa kaalamlooni mukhyamaina samasyalanu charchinchadaaniki kalisi undagalige pradaesamgaa gurtinchabadindi.
aavishkaranalu mariyu kala.
inupa khanijalu oksaka loya yokka sthaanika utpatti. shaan jose mogot eee praantamloo vaanijya kendramgaa unnanduna, idhi palish chesina raathi addaalanu tayaaru cheyadaaniki daani goppa inupa khanija vanarulanu upayoginchindi, veetilo chaalaa varaku olmake gulph teeram varaku kanugonabaddayi.
oksaka loya nundi kunda paatralapai rendu praathamika muulaamsaalu kanipistaayih bhoomi mariyu aakaasam yokka saktulu, varusaga bhookampaalu ledhaa merupu dwara suuchimchabadataayi. chinna gramalalo merupu ledhaa aakaasam, muulaamsaalatoe kuudina kundala paatralu undevi. tyras largaslo bhookampam ledhaa bhoomi, muulaamsaalaku anukuulamgaa unde kundalu undevi. mariyu shaan jose mogot rendinti misramaanni kaligi unnaaru.
rendu saadhaarana neetipaarudala paddhatulanu praarambhinchadam valla shaan jose mogot vadda panta utpaadakata perigi undavachuhu kunda neetipaarudala mariyu neetipaarudala guntalu. kunda neetipaarudalalo neetini kuudabettadaaniki aneka lotuleni baavulanu tavvadam, aapai chuttupakkala mokkalapai upayoginchadaaniki aaa neetini paiki ekkinchadam vantivi untaayi. neetipaarudala guntalu anevi mokkala meedugaa neeru pravahinchadaaniki veelugaa pravahalanu taakadaaniki upayoginche chinna taraha vyavasthalu.
smaaraka chihnam 3.
oka chadunaina, chekkina raayi, niyaminchabadina smaaraka chihnam 3, utsava nirmaanaaniki dwaaramgaa unchabadindi (dhara mariyu fainman 2005, p. 321). chekkadam anedi "ubbina, cheelika kannu, pedavulu oka gambheeramaina sthithilo tirigi geeyabadina, mottam durbalatvam yokka bhangimatho unna oka nagna vyakti yokkadi... chaatii mariyu pottikadupupai gundrani muulakaalu detembolement tarvaata gatnu suuchistaayi."glifflu raktam chukkalanu mariyu calender roeju paeru" 1 bhookampam "nuu varnistaayi."ivi unikilo unna mottamodati japotech glifflu. vyaktigata raktasraavam anedi stingray vennemukalu mariyu obsidian ledhaa jedtho chesina saaruupya vastuvula dwara suuchimchabadinappatikii, smaaraka chihnam chihnam chithreekarinchina chitram saamaajika sthaayilo badhitudi, bahusha bandeegaa unna tyaagam choopistundi. taruvaati kaalamlo, "danzantes" (nrutyakaarulu) anie piluvabade saaruupya bommalatho chekkabadina smaaraka chihnalu monte alban vadda undevi.
taruvaata dibba 1 paie unna praja nirmaanaalu unnata sthaayi kutumbaaniki nivasamga punarnirminchabaddaayi.
kristupurvam 500 natiki, eee praantamlooni pradhana nagaramgaa monte alban aavirbhaavamto, shaan jose mogot yokka 1000 samvatsaraala aadhipatyam mugisindi, mariyu idhi monte alban niyantranalo unna takkuva community hodaaku digajaarindi.
shaan jose mogot puraavastu pradaesaaniki chendina konni kalakhandalanu ell cassic hassendalo unna shaan jose mogot community museum pattanamlo chudavachu.

