
pope payas XIII yokka videshee sambandhaalu

pope pius XIII videshee sambandhaalu airopaloni chaalaa praantaalaku mariyu airopa velupala konni raashtraalaku vistarinchaayi. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo mariyu pracchanna yuddham praarambhamlo, 1939 nundi 1958 varaku pius XIII popga unnaaru.
nepathyam.
1870loe papal raajyaala nashtam mariyu 1929loe lateran oppandampai santakam madhya, 1890loe vaatikan dautya dalaaniki paddenimidella gurtimpu pondina sabhyulatho, 1914loe padnaalugu, 1921loe iravai naalugu sabhyulatho, vaastavaaniki papaaseeki dautya gurtimpu perigindi. idhi roman prasnalo papal sthaanaaniki antarjaateeya maddatunu soochinchaledu, ayithe, eee deshaalu ekikruta raajyamaina italeeni kooda gurtinchaayi, dheeni dautya dalaalu romlo idhe vidhamaina pathamlo abhivruddhi chendaayi.
1936loe (pius XIII pope kaavadaaniki moodu samvatsaraala mundu), pavitra aalayaaniki muppai naalugu mandhi raayabaarulu, mantrulu ledhaa "chaarj dii affires" unnaaru. edemaina, eee doutyavettalalo chaalaa mandhi tama samayanni itara european rajadhaanulalo gadiparu-vyaktigata kaaranaala valla ledhaa vaaru bahula rayabara kaaryaalayaalaku (argentine, estonian, latvia, liberia, peru mariyu ell salvador) panichesinanduna, kevalam "synecures" (belgium), ledhaa chellinchani (honduras). itarulu "arudugaa lekkinchabade" micronationlanu suuchistaaru (monaco, shaan marino mariyu malta kramam). piazza dii spagnalo "vishaada-haasya muttadi" dwara spanish rayabari tarimikottabaddaadu. nikaraguva rayabari vruddhudu, mariyu panama rayabari 1929 nundi kanipinchaledu.
marchi 1939loe, payas XIII vaatikanku muppai enimidi dautya karyakalapalanu vaarasatvamgaa pondaaduh padamudu "rayabara sthaayilo", mariyu migilinavi mantri sthaayilo; muppai enimidi deshaalalo papal pratinidhulu kooda unnaaru, conny marpidi ellappuduu parasparamgaa jaragaledu. aaa samayamlo vaari aatithya raashtramlo dautya hodha laeni iravai moodu vaatikan raayabaarulu kooda unnaaru.
vividha "sinecures" kuu viruddhamgaa, diago vaan bergen german dautya sevalo unnata sthaayi sabhyudu, athanu romlo undataaniki videsanga karyadarshi karyalayanni rendusaarlu tiraskarinchaadu. morley prakaram, "pius XIII pope ayinappudu, itara raajadhaanulato paatu, belgrade, berlin, bern, brassels, bucharest, budapest, hage, paris, prague, rome mariyu warsa laloe papal nuncios undevi. yuddha paristhitulu eee sankhyanu tagginchi, kontamandi dautya pratinidhula sthaanam mariyu sthaayini marchai. eee maarpula tudi phalitam emitante, 1939-1943 samvatsaraalalo, rashtra sachivalayam berlin, rome, vichi, bern, bratislava, jagreb, bucharest mariyu budapestloni daani dhoothalatho dautya sambandhaalalo undhi. adanamgaa, london, washington mariyu ankaaraaloni apostolic pratinidhulatho churukaina sambhaashanhalu konasaginchabaddayi.
doutyavettala jabita.
1940 decemberulo prachurinchabadina vaatikanku gurtimpu pondina doutyavettala jabita diago vaan bergennu dautya dalaaniki deanga jabita chesindi, taruvaata padamudu mandhi raayabaarulu mariyu iravai moodu mandhi mantrulu unnaaru, myron charless taylor chivari sthaanamlo unnaaru. "nuncios" mariyu "raayabaarulu" holey sea mariyu pope pratinidhi "ex afficio" kuu dautya dalaala deane birudunu manjuru chesina deshaala madhya matrame marpidi cheyabaddaayi. itara deshaalalo, payas XIII kuu apostolic pratinidhi ledhaa "chaarj dii affires" praatinidhyam vahinchaaru, idhi diguva sthaayi dautya gurtimpunu kaligi untundi (oka desham yokka mataparamaina sopaanakramaanni suuchistumdi, prabhutvaanni kaadu). apostolic pratinidhi aatithya prabhutvaaniki gurtimpu pondaledu, ledhaa vaari aamodam avasaram ledhu.
1948 chrismus eev ardharaatri doutyavettala kosam pius XIII jarupukunna pratyeka saamuuhika samavesaniki 300 mandhi dautya sibbandi hajarayyaru. 1949 fibravarilo vaatikan dautya dalamlo muppai tommidi mandhi gurtimpu pondina sabhyulu unnaaru. 1951 noothana samvatsara vedukallo "mottam dautya dalaalu" thoo kuudina prekshakulalo paddenimidella puurti raayabaarulu, padahaaru mandhi mantrulu mariyu iddaru "charges dii affires" (chaina mariyu finland) thoo sahaa muppai aaru gurtimpu pondina pratinidhulu unnaaru.
rendava prapancha yuddham.
aakramita airopaloni pius XIII yokka kontamandi nansios belgiumloni clemente micara, netherlandsloni internancio pavolo geobe mariyu polandloni kasimir paapeetho sahaa vaari sanyaasinula nundi paripovalsi vachindi. adevidhamgaa luxembergku chendina nunasio "german dalaalache aakraminchabadindi". micara mariyu giobe chivariki romku tama maargaalanu kanugonnaru. yugoslave mariyu romanian raayabaarulu kooda romlo cherukunnaru, conny 1944loe oka kshanam noticelo tirigi raavadaaniki siddhamgaa undamani cheppabadindi. estonia, latvia mariyu lithuveniyaaloni baltic nunsiyolanu russian dalaalu balavantamgaa tarimikottaayi. dii jyoor" anae paeru gala nansios vaari birudulanu nilupukunnappatiki, vaari paatranu germanyki chendina nansio ayina siser orsenigo muginchaaru ledhaa "vaastavamgaa" teesukunnaru.
anduvalla, pius XIII european deshaalaku enimidi yuddhakaala sanyaasinulanu matrame nirvahinchindi, avih france, germany, hangari, italii, portugal, romenia, speyin mariyu switzerland. albania, bulgaria, grate britton, turkey mariyu united stateslo apostolic pratinidhulu veetiki anubandhamgaa unnaaru. kottagaa srushtinchabadina slovac republicu praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki yuddha samayamlo "chaarj dii affires" srushtinchabadindi, mariyu oka apostolic sandarsakulanu croatia yokka naajii tolubomma raashtraaniki pampaaru.
juun 15,1940 natiki, italian bhoobhaagamlo nivasinche mitraraajyaala raayabaarulu evaruu laeru (vaatikanku raayabaarula pramaanam): polish, french mariyu british raayabaarulu saraina vaatikan nagaramloki pravesinchaaru; newenheuse praarambhamlo juun 16naa itaaliki belgium raayabaaritho paatu switzerlandku paaripovadaaniki vaatikan rakshananu tiraskarinchaaru, conny juun 18naa undataaniki nirnayinchukunnaaru. italii france, britton, dakshinaafrikaa, kenada mariyu nyoojilaandtoo yuddhamlo undhi, mariyu belgium, norway, netherlands mariyu polandto dautya sambandhaalanu tenchukundi; vaatilo france, britton, belgium mariyu polandlaku matrame vaatikan loe nivaasa raayabaarulu unnaaru.
1941 joolailo italii chetha tolaginchabadinappudu, yugoslav mantri niko mirosevichku adhe rakshananu vistarinchaledu. ayithe, nagara-raashtramloni raayabaarulato harrold hetch cheraaru. titeman, juuniyar, taylor vellipoyina taruvaata "chaarj dii affires" gaa konasagaru, athanu december 13,1941naa italii dwara vaatikan nagaraniki vellavalasi vachindi.
romnu mitraraajyaalu aakraminchina taruvaata, mitraraajyaala raayabaarulu vaatikan nagaram nundi bayataku vellaaru mariyu japanese, german, hangerian, romanian mariyu slovac pratinidhulu nagara-raashtramloki vellaaru, us dalaala rakshanalo unnaaru. unnata sthaayi naajii ernst vaan veejsakar mariyu mussolini alludu galiazo siano iddaroo 1943loe vaatikanku raayabaarulu ayyaru; mitraraajyaalato pratyeka shanti charchallo pope italeeki sahayam cheyanivvakunda vaan veejsakar yokka pradhana pani sianopai nigha unchadam anie nammutaaru.
holocast.
morley yokka "vaatikan dautyam mariyu holocast samayamlo yoodulu" (ktav, 1980) anedi vaatikan dautyam yokka samagra dhesha-dhesha adhyayanam, idhi nuncios nundi cardinal secretory off state mariyu pius XIII varaku praathamika vanarulanu upayogistundi. morley yokka adhyayanam ADSS vaalyuumlanu ekkuvagaa aakarshistundi. 1-9, dheeniki adanamgaa center dii documentation joove contemperine (paris), british farrin office, public records office (london), institute pharr yoodu affires (london), dhi neuremberg trials, dhi varald yoodu congress archives (newyork), mariyu yaad washem (jerusalem) nundi patraalu unnaayi. morley yokka pradhana mugimpu eee krindi vidhamgaa undih
edemaina, holocastku mundu mariyu samayamlo kaathalikkulugaa maarina yoodulapai jaathi chattaala prabhaavaalaku vyatiraekamgaa nirasana telipina vaatikan doutyavettala udaaharanalu, alaage vaari tarapuna aneka jokyalu morleaki kanipistaayi.
pius defender vilium dino, juuniyar., vimarsakulu morley rachanalo pedda lopaalanu kanugonnarani, avi naajeelanu edurkokapovadaniki piyasnu nindinchadam, conny aaa gharshanalu jariginappudu peddagaa prayojanam kalagaledani pustakamloni itara bhagalalo angeekarinchadam; konnisaarlu vaatikan "chaalaa doutyaparamgaa" mariyu itarula patla "tittukogaligedi" anie aaropinchadam; baptise cheyani yoodulaku sahayam cheyadamlo pius viphalamayyaadani aaropinchadam, conny baptise cheyani yoodulaku pius sahayam andinchinappudu angeekarinchaledani; mariyu saadhaaranamgaa athanu "thana theesisku viruddhamgaa unna documentation mariyu scholarship sampadanu tosipuchaadu", antey athanu germanytho dautya sambandhaalanu konasaaginchadaaniki pius chesina prayatnaalanu anagadokkinappudu, vaatikan dautya sthithi piyasnu german pratighatanatho sannihitamgaa undataaniki anumatinchindi mariyu german mitraraajyaala nundi tanaku andina mukhyamaina samacharanni andukundi.
rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata.
pius XIII maajee naajii rayabari ayina ernst vaan veejsaakarnu naajii germany unikini kolpoyina taruvaata mariyu rayabariga thana hodaanu kolpoyina taruvaata "athidhi" gaa romlo undataaniki anumatinchaadu. 1945loe french rayabariga pius XIII jackwess maritainnu sweekarinchina taruvaata kooda maajee vichi france rayabari leone berardku idhe vidhamaina hodha ivvabadindi. mitraraajyaalu atanipai yuddha neeraalaku paalpadinatlu abhiyogaalu mopalani korukunnappatiki, vaan veejsaakarku kontakaalam raajakeeya aasrayam ivvabadindi (chivariki athanu neuremberglo doshigaa nirdhaarinchabadataadu).
japan rayabari kenn harada "chaalaa varaku adhe praatipadikana" vaatikanlo undipoyaaru, ayithe holey sea inca zen nundi "adhikaarika notification" andaledani nirasana vyaktam chesindi. idhi sambandhaalanu tenchukoovaalani douglus macarthur annaru. athanu ikapai vaatikanku gurtimpu pondananduna, haradaanu 1946 kotta samvatsaram rojuna jarige kaaryakramamlo paalgonadaaniki anumatinchaledu, ayithe konni rojula taruvaata pius XIII ataniki pratyeka prekshakulanu manjuru chesaadu. japan dautya sevanu nilipivestuu makartar aadesam taruvaata, swadaesaaniki tirigi pampe mundu, 1946 janavari 25naa chivari veedkolu prekshakulalo haradaaku swaagatam palikaru.
rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata aneka communistu thoorpu european deshaalatho sambandhaalu debbatinnaayi ledhaa tegipoyayi. udaaharanaku, 1947 mariyu 1989 madhya polandlo apostolic nuencio ledhu.
1950loe america adhyaksha dhootha myron charless taylor rajinama chesina taruvaata, taylor sthaanamlo truman raavadaaniki chaalaa kashtapaddadu. american protestant nayakulu mission konasaagimpunu vyatiraekimchaaru (truman sonta paster edward pruudantoe sahaa), mariyu vaatikan maroka "vyaktigata rayabari" kakunda puurti raayabaarini korukunnadu. sudeergha senate poraatam taruvaata holey seeki united states rayabariga general maark wayne clark niyamakam upasamharinchabadindi. clark italeelo mitraraajyaala commanderga unnadu, monte casino yokka chaaritraatmaka abbelo bambu daadulaku prasiddhi chendaadu, conny 1944loe romloki vijayavantamgaa pravesinchaadu.
praathamika vanarulu.
2002 natiki, pius XIII yokka pontificate samayamlo holey seetho dautya sambandhaalu unna yea desham puurti dautya patraalanu prachurinchaledu, ayithe vividha rachanalalo pakshika setlu prachurinchabaddaayi. edemaina, rolf hochut yokka 1963 natakam "dhi deputy" paie agraham 1964loe pope paal VIని saadhaarana debbai aidu samvatsaraala palanaku mundu pius XII yokka dautya patraalanu praarambhinchadaaniki adhikaram ivvadaaniki prerepinchindi. naluguru jesuit poojaarulanu aarkaivlaloki anumatinchaaru mariyu padakondu samputaalu, "acts ett documentlu du seyint siyej relatifs eah laa sekande gerre mondiale" (ADSS), 1965 mariyu 1981 madhya prachurinchabaddaayi, ivi yuddhakaala samvatsaraalanu matrame cover chesaayi.
vaatikanlooni aneka mandhi doutyavettalu, uchita french raayabaarulu francois charless-roux mariyu vladimir dii 'ormeson mariyu polish rayabari kasimir paapeetho sahaa, pius XIII yokka pontificate kaalanni cover chestu ghnaapakaalanu raasaaru. itarulu tama yuddhakaala patraalanu prachurinchaaru, veetilo german rayabari ernst vaan veejsakar mariyu british mantri dii 'arcy osborne unnaaru. osborne yokka patraalu rendava prapancha yuddha samayamlo oven chadwick yokka "britton und dhi vaatikan" (1988) kuu aadharam. "adhyakshudu roosvelt mariyu pope payas XIII madhya yuddhakaalapu correspondence" 2005loe myron charless taylor mundumaata mariyu gamanikalatho prachurinchabadindi.
aloisius joseph muench yokka yuddhaanantara patraalu kooda vistrutamgaa samrakshinchabaddaayi, mariyu 1976 nundi catholic university off americalo suuchika cheyabaddaayi. eee patraalu 2006 naati daa. suzanne braun-fleming, united states holocast memorial museum yokka center pharr advanced holocast studies loe oka phelo.

