
porphyri (tatwavetta)

tyre yokka porphyri (;, "porpherios";, "ferfurious";-) roman paalanalo roman phoenisialoni tyrelo janminchina neoplatonic tatwavetta. athanu thana guruvu platinus rachanala yokka ekaika sekarana ayina "dhi enneeds" nuu savarinchi prachurinchaadu.
athanu sangeeta siddhaantam nundi hommer varaku saakaahaaram varaku aneka rakaala amsaalapai greeku bhaashalo asalu rachanalu raasaadu. tarkam mariyu tatvasaastraaniki parichayam ayina athani "isagog" ledhaa "parichayam", daani latin mariyu arabic anuvaadaalalo madhya yugaala antataa tarkampai praamaanika paatyapustakamgaa undhi. porphyri thana kraistava vyatiraeka vivaadaalaku kooda prasiddhi chendaadu, ippatikee undhi. daivasaastraala nundi tatvasaastram" mariyu "kraistavulaku vyatiraekamgaa" (idhi goppavaarini nirbandhinchadam dwara nishedhinchabadindi) vanti rachanala dwara, athanu prarambha kraistavulatoe vivaadamloo palgonnadu.
jeevitam.
suda" (ippudu kolpoyina aneka muulaala aadhaaramgaa 10va sataabdapu byzantine encyclopedia) porphyri tyrelo janminchindani nivedistundi. athani tallidandrulu ataniki "malcose" ledhaa "malcus" (semitic bhaashalalo "raaju") anie paeru pettaru, ayithe athanu daanini "basilius" (greeku bhaashalo "raaju") gaa, mariyu athani maaruperunu "porpherius" (litt. "oodaa rangu dustulu dharinchi") thana jeevitamlo taruvaata. thana rachana "dhi life off platinus" loe, athanu araamiknu thana "matrubhasha" gaa paerkonnaadu."cassius langinus aadhvaryamlo, athenslo, athanu vyaakaranam mariyu vaakchaaturyaanni adhyayanam chesaadu mariyu madhya platonismtho parichayam pondaadu.
262loe athanu rome vellaadu, platinus yokka khyaatiki aakarshitudayyaadu, mariyu aaru samvatsaraalu neoplatonism abhyaasaaniki tananu taanu ankitam chesukunnadu, aaa samayamlo athanu thana aaharaanni teevramgaa savarinchaadu. oka dasalo aatmahatyaku paalpadutondi. platinus salaha meraku athanu thana manasika aarogyaanni tirigi pondadaaniki aidella paatu sisileeloo nivasinchadaaniki vellaadu. romku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu tatvasaastrampai upanyaasaalu icchaadu mariyu thana guruvu jeevita charithratho paatu platinus (intalo maraninchina) rachanala editionnu puurti chesaadu. puraatana neoplatonic rachanalalo iamblichus athani sishyudigaa perkonabaddadu, ayithe idhi bahusha athani taruvaata vacchina taruvaati taram tatvavettalalo athanu aadhipatya vyakti anie suuchimchadaaniki matrame uddesinchabadindi. theorjea amsampai iddaroo bahirangamgaa vibhedinchaaru.
thana taruvaati samvatsaraallo, athanu eduguru pillalu mariyu tatvasastra vidyaarthi ayina vitantuvu marcellanu vivaham chesukunnadu. porphyri paeruku anusandhaaninchabadina sumaru aravai rachanalu unnaayi, konni sakalaalugaa ledhaa kolpoyinavi. ayana rachanalalo konni ippatikee punarnirminchabadutunnaayi. athani jeevitam gurinchi konchem ekkuva telusu, mariyu athani marana thedhee anischitamgaa undhi.
pani chestundi.
"parichayam" ("" isagoge "") ".
porphyri tatvasaastraaniki ayana chesina krushiki prasiddhi chendaadu. neoplatonism yokka praathamika saaraamsam ayina "telivainavaari adhyayanaaniki sahayalu" (ἀφορμαπρος τοητά; "sententia yaad intelligibilia ducentes") vraayadame kakunda, athanu mukhyamgaa "vargaalaku parichayam" ("pradikaamentaalo parichayam" ledhaa "isagoge ett inn aristatilis ketegarias commentarium") kosam prasamsimchabaddaadu, idhi chaalaa chinna rachana, idhi tarachugaa aristatle yokka "vargaalapai" vyakhyaanamgaa pariganinchabadutundi, anduke eee sheershika. ayithe, saraina sheershika kevalam "parichayam" (εισαγωγε "aisagog"), mariyu eee pustakam mukhyamgaa "vargaalaku" parichayam kaadu, conny saadhaaranamgaa "tarkam" kuu parichayam, idhi anchanaa, nirvachanam mariyu rujuvu yokka siddhaantaalanu kaligi untundi. padaartham yokka taatvika bhavananu "genus", "speases", "difference", "property", "accident" anae aidu bhagaluga vibhajinchi, vastuvulaku aapaadinchabadina lakshanaalanu elaa vargeekarinchavachho parichayam vivaristundi. accident" gurinchi porphyri charcha "accident" mariyu "essense" yokka anuvartanampai sudeerghamgaa konasagutunna charchaku daariteesindi.
tatvasaastraaniki porphyri yokka atyanta prabhaavavantamaina sahakaramga, "vargaalaku parichayam" anedi aristatle yokka tarkaanni neoplatonismloki cherchindi, mukhyamgaa entiteela paramgaa ardham chesukobade vargaala siddhaantam (taruvaati tatvasaastramlo, "universal"). porphyri yokka "parichayam" yokka latin anuvaadam ayina bothius "isagoge", european paatasaalalu mariyu vishwavidyaalayaalalo praamaanika madhyayuga paatyapustakamgaa maarindi, idhi madhyayuga taatvika-vedaantaparamaina tarkam mariyu vishwavyaapta samasyalaku vedikanu erpaatu chesindi. madhyayuga paatyapustakaalalo, anni mukhyamaina "arber porphyriana" ("porpherian chettu") padaartham yokka taarkika vargeekarananu vivaristundi. eee roeju varaku, jeevula vargeekaranalo porphyri chettu looni bhavanala nundi vargeekarana prayojanam pondutundi (claudistics chudandi). porphiri "porpherian chettu" yokka aavishkarana aristatle rachanapai chesina modati saraina vyakhyaanamgaa gurtinchabadindi.
parichayam" nuu syriac version nundi abb-allah ibn all-mukkafa arabic bhaashaloki anuvadinchaaru. arabic paeru "isaghuji" (ishagazi) thoo idhi muslim prapanchamlo praamaanika parichaya tarka grandhamgaa migilipoyindi mariyu vedaantasaastram, tatvasaastram, vyaakaranam mariyu nyaayasaastram yokka adhyayananni prabhaavitam chesindi. eee rachana yokka anusaranalu mariyu saaraamsaalato paatu, muslim tatvavettala tarkampai aneka swatantra rachanalaku isaghuji anae paeru pettaru. accident" gurinchi porphyri charcha "accident" mariyu "essense" yokka anuvartanampai sudeerghamgaa konasagutunna charchaku daariteesindi.
"oracles nundi tatvasaastram" ("dii philosophia ex oraculis haurinda").
porphireeni kraistava mataaniki pratyarthigaa mariyu anyamataaniki rakshakudiga kooda pilustaaru; saampradaaya mataaniki taatvika vidhaanaaniki ayana khachitamaina sahakaranni "oracles nundi tatvasaastram" (περ τις εκ λογίων φιλοσοφίας; "dii philosophia exeraculis hourenda") sakalaalalo kanugonavacchu, idhi modata moodu pustakaala podavu. idhi athani yavvanamlo vraayabadindaa (eunapius nivedinchinatlugaa) ledhaa diocletian mariyu gallerius aadhvaryamlo kraistavula himsaku daggaragaa undaa anae daanipai charcha jarugutondi.
himsa samayamlo vraasina lactantius "daivika samsthalalo" porphyri anyamata tatvavettaku pratyarthi kaadaa anedi chalakalamga charchinchabadindi. oracles nundi tatvasaastram" yokka sakalaalanu kraistavulu, mukhyamgaa eusebius, theodoret, augustein mariyu zaan philoponous matrame utamkimchaaru. eee sakalaalalo saraina tyaagam vidhanam, jyotishashaastra vidhi yokka swabhaavam mariyu moodava sataabdamloo greeku mariyu roman mataaniki sambandhinchina itara amsaalanu gurtinche daiva vachanalu unnaayi. janthu balini nivaarinchaalani tatvavettanu heccharinchina saakaahaaraanni samarthinche ayana grandhaaniki eee rachana viruddhamgaa undaa anedi panditulalo vivadaspadamga undhi. porphyri pani asampuurnamgaa ledhaa kolpoyinanduna, mukka yokka avagahana tappugaa ardham chesukovacchu.
"kraistavulaku vyatiraekamgaa" ("" virodhi christianos "").
sisileeloo padavee viramana samayamlo, porphiri "kraistavulaku vyatiraekamgaa" (κατιχριστιανον; "pratikuula christianos") padihenu pustakaalanu kaligi unnadu. methodius, eusebius, apolynaris, augustin, gerom modalaina muppai mandhi kraistava kshamaapanalu cheppevaaru., thana savaaluku pratispandinchaaru. vaastavaaniki, porphyri vaadanala gurinchi telisina pratidee eee khandanallo kanipistundi, endukante theodosius II prati kaapeeni AD 435loe mariyu mallee 448loe kaalchiveyaalani aadesinchaadu.
augustin mariyu 5va sataabdapu matha charitrakaarudu socreties off constantinople, porphiri okappudu kraistavudani nokki chepparu. ayithe, porphiri kraistava mathamtho sambandham kaligi unnappatikee, athanu daanini nammaledani chebutaaru. tatvavettalalo atyanta vidyaavantudu, kraistavulaku atyanta chedhu satruvugaa" porphyri gurinchi augustein vyakhyaaninchaadu.anie. 
itara panulu.
porphyri thana sishyudu amblichus siddhaantaanni vyatirekinchaadu. amblichus yokka chaalaa rahasyalu porphyri vimarsalaku vyatiraekamgaa aadhyaatmika thergic daivika swaadheenam yokka rakshanaku ankitam cheyabaddaayi. french tatwavetta pierry haadat porphyriiki, aadhyaatmika vyayamalu aadhyaatmika abhivruddhilo mukhyamaina bhagamani paerkonnaadu.
pythagaras maadirigaane porphyri aadhyaatmika mariyu naitika praatipadikana saakaahaaraaniki maddatudaaru. eee iddaru tatvavettalu bahusha praachiinakaalapu atyanta prasiddha saakaahaarulu. athanu jantuvula viniyogaaniki vyatiraekamgaa vaadistuu "(περh ἀποχ̃ς εμsilüχων;" dii obstanticia abb eesu animalium ")" anie raasaadu, mariyu athanu neti varaku saakhaahaara saahityamlo aamodamto udaharinchabaddaadu. pratidee paraspara prayojanam kosam srushtinchabadindani, saakaahaaram anedi prakruti yokka saarvatrika samarasyanni kaapaadataaniki oka margamani ayana viswasinchaadu.
porphiri sangeeta siddhaantam, jyotishashastram, matam mariyu tatvasaastram gurinchi kooda vistrutamgaa raasaaru. ayana thana guruvu platinus jeevitaanni kaligi unna tatvavettala "jeevanasaili" thoo "tatvasaastram yokka charitra" ("philosophos historia") nuu roopondinchaaru. naalugava pustakam nundi athani plato jeevitam alegzandriaku chendina siril ullekhanaalalo matrame undhi. pythagorus jeevitampai ayana raasina "veetaa pythagorus" anae pustakaanni, adhe paerutoe iamblichus raasina pustakamtho ayomayam chendakudadu. tolemy yokka "harmonics" ("ees taa harmonica tolemaio hypomnema") paie ayana chesina vyakhyanam puraatana harmonic siddhaantam yokka charitraku oka mukhyamaina muulam.
porphiri hommer gurinchi kooda raasaadu. itara rachayitala ullekhanaala nundi matrame telisina aneka kolpoyina grandhaalatho paatu, rendu grandhaalu kaneesam pedda bhagalalo manugada saagistunnaayi "homerick prasnalu" ("homerica gitmata", ekkuvagaa iliad mariyu odissipai bhasha vyakhya) mariyu "odissiloni vanadevatala guhapai" ("peri too enn odissia tone nymphone antrue").
euclid yokka "muulakaalapai" porphyri vyakhyanam alegzandriaku chendina poppus dwara muulamgaa upayoginchabadindi.