
alegzander gerard (anveshakudu)

alegzander gerard (17 fibravari 1792-15 december 1839) bhaaratadesamlo scottish armi adhikari, mariyu himalaya prarambha surveyor mariyu anveshakudu.
prarambha jeevitam.
athanu 17 fibravari 1792naa aberdeenlo janminchaadu. athani tandri gilbert gerard, vedaanta rachayita; athani taata alegzander gerard, charchi mantri mariyu vidyavetta. athanu bhaaratadesamlo shastravaidyudu ayina james gilbert gerard mariyu bhaaratadesamlo bhougolika saastrampai rachayita ayina patrick gerard sodarudu.
1808loe ayana aberdin looni kings kalaasaala nundi pattabhadrudayyaadu, aaa samvatsaramlo bengali cadetshipnu andukunnadu. 1808 septembaru 9naa 13va bengaul sthaanika padaatidalamloo ayana niyamitulayyaaru.
surveyor.
ayana 1812loe dhhillee nundi lahore varaku velle marganni survey cheyadamlo panicheesaaru.
1814loe ayana leftinentga padoonnati pondhi, 1819loe puurti chesina saharanpur jillaanu survey chesaaru. 1825loe narmada loya sarveyargaa, 1826,1827loe malwa, rajputanalo sarveyargaa panicheesaaru.
himalayan anveshana.
himalayala sarvela samayamlo athanu gatamlo cherukolenidiga bhaavinchina ettulanu adhirohinchi, chaineeyula sarihaddu piketlu anumatinchinanta varaku tibetloki chochukellaadu. himalaya shrenula bhougolika nirmaanam mariyu avasheshaala gurinchi mana toli bhavanalu ayana rachanala nundi vachayi.
sabatu nundi bayaludaerina gerard, 1817-18 loe, himalayala sutlege loyanu daa. georg govan (1787-1865). 1818loe athanu mariyu athani sodarudu james rendu nelala prayaanamloo sutlege daati spiti loyanu anusarinchi shipki laa vellaaru.
1821loe ayana thana himalaya prayaanaalalo atyanta mukhyamaina vaatini pradarsinchaadu. sabatunu vadili, athanu himalaya eguva shrenulanu adhirohinchaadu, maargam dwara nivasinche pradaesaalanu jagrattagaa gamaninchaadu, samudra mattaniki ettunu berometertho sthaapinchaadu, saadhyamaina chota trikonamiti kolatala dwara tanikhi chesaadu mariyu ushnogratalu, sahaja utpattulu mariyu prajala swabhaavaanni gatamlo janavasalu laeni mariyu nivaasayogyamgaa laeni pradaesaalaloo paerkonnaadu.
gerard mariyu athani brundam juun 15naa samudra mattaniki 15,121 adugula ettulo unna borendo kanumaku cherukunnaru. sthaanika maargadarsakulu munduku saagadaaniki niraakarinchaaru, gerard vaerae maargam dwara pabbar nadhi muulaaniki thana marganni roopondinchaalsi vachindi. juulai 9naa 17,348 adugula ettulo unna charang kanumanu adhirohinchaaru, vaalu yokka ara mailu kankara mariyu sagam karigina manchutho chaalaa jarediga undadamtho gerard naalugu vaipula paiki croll cheyalsi vachindi, thana chetulanu manchulo lothugaa puudchiveesi thana pattunu bhadraparachukunnadu.
company 18,312 adugula ettulo unna keobarang kanumanu adhirohinchindi; aarohanalo kontha bhaagam nalabhai rendu degreela konamlo unna tahigung parvatam kooda adhirohinchindi. etthu 19,411 adugulu, mariyu parvatam yokka mottam ganana etthu 22,000 adugulu. 31°30′ mariyu 32°30′n akshaamsaala madhya eee prayaanamloo chainees tartarylo gerard tayaaru chesina bhougolika namuunaala chinna sekarana. mariyu rekhaamsam 77°-79°eee.19, 000 adugula ettulo, airopaloni oolait silaajaalanu pooli unde eee silaajaanni ayana maranam taruvaata landanlooni geological societylo pradarsinchaaru.
thana paatra.
eee prayaanam nundi tirigi vacchina taruvaata umarpurlo gerardnu kalisina bishop reginald heber, atanni chaalaa niraadambaramaina bahya mariyu goppa vignaana shaastram mariyu samaachaarangala vyaktigaa varninchaaru, mariyu gerard yokka vijayalu mariyu autsaahika sphuurti (heber, "eguva provinceulalo oka prayaanam yokka patrika", II. 59).
gerard pertian panditudu mariyu itara praachya bhaashalalo praaveenyam kaligi unnadu. ayana khachitamaina sthalaakruthi shaastravetta, vinodaatmakamgaa, gamaninche yaatrikudu. duradrushtavasaattu, sakalaalu tappa, athani jeevitakaalamlo athani prayaanaala gurinchi etuvanti kathanaalu prachurinchabadaledu.
maranam.
ayana survey vidhulu mariyu prayaanaala samayamlo bharinchina kashtaala phalitamgaa virigina aarogyam, 1836 fibravari 22naa seva nundi padavee viramanaku daariteesindi, mariyu atanni akaala samaadhiki teesukuvacchindi. moodu rojula anaaroogyam taruvaata, jwaram nundi, athanu kramaanugatamgaa daadulaku guraina taruvaata, 1839 december 15naa, 48 samvatsaraala vayasulo aberdeenlo maraninchaadu.
prachuranalu.
london bhougolika samajam sankalanam chesindi, surr henry thamus collebrook yokka himalayalapai gerard yokka bhougolika gamanikala nundi empikalu, mariyu gerard yokka lekhala nundi, "bhoogarbha lavadevilu" (london) loe kanipinchina "himalaya bhougolika rekhaachitram", antey. (rendava serr.) 124.
gerard yokka "chainees tartarylo subaatuu nundi shipke varaku prayaanam" yokka kathanam maranaanantaram "journal off dhi asiatic society off bengaul" (1842), xi loe kanipinchindi. 363-91, mariyu athani "shipke nundi chainees tibet sarihaddu varaku prayaanam yokka journal" "edinberg journal off sains" (1824), i loe prachurinchabadindi. 41-52,215-225.
1840loe bengaul padaatidalamloo majer, himalayan anveshakudu ayina surr vilium lloyd, thana kumarudu georg lloyd editing loe, "himalayala kanpur nundi borendo paas varaku prayaanam yokka kathanam" nuu rendu samputaalalo (london, 1840) roopondinchaaru. eee rachana yokka rendava samputi alegzander mariyu james gilbert gerard yokka kathanaalanu kaligi undhi, veetini alegzander eee prayojanam kosam siddham chesaaru, vaaru eee rachana prachuranaku mundhe maraninchaaru. aaa taruvaata, alegzander gerard yokka patraalu, ledhaa vaatilo konnintini georg lloyd kuu appaginchinatlu telustondi, athanu vaari nundi "himalayala kunavar yokka vruttaantam" (london, 1841) nuu prachurinchaadu. eee vruttaamtaaniki alegzander gerard yokka 1817-18 mariyu 1819 loe himalaya prayaanaala kathanaalu jodinchabaddaayi.
suuchanalu.
aapaadimpu

