
ohiyo rajyangam

ohiyo rashtram yokka rajyangam ohiyo rashtram yokka praathamika paalaka patram, idhi 1803loe united states off americalo cherina 17va rashtramgaa maarindi. ohiyoku rashtra hodha manjuru chesinappati nundi moodu raajyaamgaalu unnaayi.
ohiyo vaayuvya bhuubhaagam yokka thoorpu bhaagam nundi srushtinchabadindi. 1787loe, united states confederation yokka congress vaayuvya ordinancenu aamodinchindi, oka praadaesika prabhutvaanni sthaapinchindi mariyu ikkada "[t] moodu kante takkuva ledhaa aidu kante ekkuva rashtraalalo perkonna bhoobhaagamlo erpadutundani" perkondi."ordinance baanisatvaanni nishedhinchindi mariyu aaradhana swechcha," "habeas corpus" "hakku mariyu jurie vichaarana mariyu rajadhani neeraalu minaha beyil pondhe hakkunu andinchindi". vaayuvya ordinance "ellappuduu bhuubhaagam yokka praathamika chattamgaa pariganinchabadindani ohiyo kortulu perkonnaayi."
1802 rajyangam.
ohiyo bhuubhaagam yokka janabha 1790laloe mariyu 19va sataabdam praarambhamlo kramamga perigindi. kotta rashtraanni sthaapinchadaaniki congress oka veelu kalpinche billunu aamodinchindi, dheenini adhyakshudu thamus jefferson april 30,1802naa chattamgaa santakam chesaaru. 1802 novemberlo ohiyoloni chilikothlo oka rashtra rajyanga samavesam jarigindi, idhi 1802 raajyaamgaa pilavabade daanini aamodinchindi. ekkuvagaa praadaesika governor orther seyint anae avagahana kaaranamgaa. clair kathinamgaa paripaalinchaadu, rajyangam "balaheenamaina" governor mariyu nyaayavyavasthanu andinchindi, mariyu daadaapu anni adhikaaraalanu general assembly anie piluvabade dvisabha saasanasabhaku appaginchindi. itara kotta raashtraalato chesinatlugaa ohiyoonu oka rashtramgaa prakatinche pratyeka teermaanaanni aamodinchadam kante congress kevalam "ohiyo rashtram" unikini gurtinchindi. fibravari 19,1803naa adhyakshudu jefferson eee billupai santakam chesi chattamgaa marcharu. ohiyo "united states off americalo okatigaa maarindi", mariyu aaa federal chattam "united states lopala marekkada unnatlugaa, ohiyo raashtramlo adhe shakti mariyu prabhavanni kaligi untundi."panditulu stephen hetch. steinglass mariyu jino zhe. scarselli aaa St nii suuchistumdi. chaalaa mandhi ohiyo vaasulu jefferson republican party pakshana unnanduna, clyer yokka samaakhyavaada anubandham tondarapaatu maargamlo keelaka paatra pooshinchindi.
chaalaa mandhi pannu nirasanakaarulu dheenini 1953 varaku ohiyo oka rashtram kaadani vaadanagaa upayogistaaru. conny "boman vii. united states, "920 eff. sup. 623 n. 1 (udhaa.dii. paa. 1995) (1803 varaku ohiyo rashtra hodaanu dhruveekarinchina 1953 ummadi congress teermaanam gurinchi charchinchadam).
modati general assembly modati sariga kotta rashtra rajadhani chilikothelo 1803 marchi 1naa samavesamaindi. idhi ohiyo rashtra hodha teedeegaa pariganinchabadindi.
nyaayamuurti charless wills byred eee patraaniki praathamika rachayita. athanu 1796 naati tennisi raajyaamgaanni oka namoonaga upayoginchaadu, pensylvania mariyu kentucky raajyaamgaalanu itara prabhavaluga upayoginchaadu. raajyaangamlooni nibandanalalo baanisatvampai nishedham undhi, conny african american ootu hakkupai nishedham kooda undhi. rajyangam sampradaayam dwara matrame savaranaku veelu kalpinchindi. 1819loe otarlu chesina prayatnaanni tiraskarinchaaru.
1851 rajyangam.
rashtra hodha prarambha dasaabdaalalo, karyanirvahaka mariyu nyaya shaakhalatho poliste general assembly asamanamga saktivantamainadani spashtamaindi. prabhutva vyaparamlo ekkuva bhaagam private billula dwara nirvahinchabadindi, pakshapaata kalahalu rashtra prabhutvam thana panini cheyagala saamarthyaanni baga tagginchaayi. saasanasabha vistrutamgaa avineetiparulugaa, private companylaku subsidiga, corporate chaartarlalo pratyeka adhikaaraalanu manjuru chestu gurtinchabadindi. 1825 mariyu 1840 madhya rashtra runam kooda pelipoyindi. otarlu aadesinchina vidhamgaa adhikara niyantranalu mariyu samatulyatanu baga parishkarinche kotta rajyangam, 1850-51 loe oka samavesam dwara roopondinchabadindi, taruvaata 1851 juun 17naa raashtravyaapta prajabhipraya sekaranalo aamodinchabadindi, aaa samvatsaram september 1 nundi amaluloki vachindi. ohiyo rashtram panichese adhe rajyangam idhi. taruvaati "raajyaamgaalu" aaa vidhamgaa pariganinchabaddaayi, conny vaastavaaniki avi pedda ettuna savaranalu.
eee sadassulo charchinchabadina rendu mukhya amsaalu african american ootu hakku mariyu madyam nishedham. raashtramlo nallajaateeyulaku ootu hakkunu anumatinche pratipaadanalanu pratinidhulu tiraskarinchaaru. ayithe, vaaru nishedhaanni nirnayinchaledu. badulugaa, rendava prasna ohiyo otarlanu vaaru madyam ammakaala licensenu anumatinchaalanukuntunaara anie adigaru, vaaru pratipaadananu tiraskarinchaaru. ayithe, idhi madyampai puurti nishedham kaadu.
1873 rajyanga samavesam.
1873loe united states yokka bhavishyat pradhana nyaayamuurti morrison aarr. adhyakshata vahinchina rajyanga samavesam. vechi undandi, saasanasabha vaarshika samavesalaku erpaatu chese kotta raajyaamgaanni pratipaadinchaaru, prati sabha yokka aidava moodu vantula ootu dwara bharti cheyagala governorku veeto, rashtra circuit kortula erpaatu, paatasaala bordulaku ennikaku mahilala arhata mariyu munisipal runampai parimitulu. ohiyo supreme court yokka pendli kesulanu tolaginchadaaniki circuit kortula erpaatunu pratinidhulu pratipaadinchaaru. pratipaadita patram eee circuitlanu vaastavaalaku tudi madhyavartigaa chesindi. eee nirdishta pratipaadanalo weit pradhana paatra pooshinchindi. 1873 augustulo otarlu dheenini baga oodinchaaru. otamiki daariteesina keelaka nibandhana madyam ammakaala licensenu anumatinchadaaniki chesina maroka prayatnam. nishedha nyaayavaadulu eee pratipaadanaku vyatiraekamgaa prajala maddatunu sameekarinchaaru.
1903loe, oka savarana governorku veeto adhikaaraalanu manjuru chesindi.
1912 rajyangam.
pragatiseela yugamlo, samskaranala kosam pented-up demand 1912loe maroka rajyanga sadassu samavesaniki daariteesindi. pratinidhulu saadhaaranamgaa vaari drukpathamlo pragatiseelamgaa undevaaru, mariyu ohiyo charitrakaarudu georg doubleu. mokali vrasadu, "idhi bahusha rashtra vyavaharalanu parigananaloki teesukoovadaaniki ohiyolo samavesamaina atyanta samarthavanthamaina samuuham."ohioyan ayina adhyakshudu vilium howard toft, maajee adhyakshudu (mariyu bull moose party abhyardhi) theodor roosvelt, moodusaarlu adhyaksha abhyardhi vilium gennings bryan, california pragatiseela governor hiram johnson, mariyu oheo sonta samskarana-aalochanaa prabhutvamtho sahaa aneka mandhi jaateeya nayakulu eee sadassulo prasanginchaaru. judson samarasyam.
1873 samavesam yokka pani elaa viphalamaindoo gurthuchesukuntu, 1912 samavesam 1851 raajyaamgaaniki varusa savaranalanu roopondinchi otarlaku samarpinchindi. eee savaranalu rashtra hakkula billunu vistarinchaayi, otaru netrutvamloni chorava mariyu prajabhipraya sekaranaku andinchaayi, poura seva rakshanalanu erpaatu chesaayi mariyu ketayimpu billulalo governorku line-item veeto manjuru chesaayi. itara savaranalu kaarmika gantalanu nirnayinchadaaniki, kaneesa vetanam mariyu kaarmikula parihara vyavasthanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki mariyu aneka itara pragatiseela charyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki saasanasabhaku adhikaram icchaayi. 5, 000 kante ekkuva janabha unna ohiyo nagaralaku home ruul savarana pratipaadinchabadindi.
balamaina sampradaayavaada vyatiraekata unnappatikee, september 3,1912naa, otarlu pratipaadita 42 savaranalalo 34 savaranalanu aamodinchaaru. idhi 1851 rajyangamlo entha pedda maarpunu teesukuvachindante, chaalaa mandhi nyaya panditulu dheenini 1912 rajyangam anie bhaavistaaru."odipoyina enimidi pratipaadita savaranalalo mahilaa ootu hakku, oating yantraala vadakam, bahiranga prakatanala niyantrana mariyu maranasiksha raddu unnaayi. 1851 rajyangam yokka otaru arhata yokka nirvachanam nundi "telupu" anae padaanni upayoginchaalane pratipaadananu kooda otarlu tiraskarinchaaru. padihenava savarana kaaranamgaa ohiyoloni anni rashtra, samakhya ennikalaloo nallajaateeyulu ootu veyagaliginappatiki, 1923 varaku rashtra rajyangam yokka paatham maarchabadaledu. pattana otarlu aamodinchadaaniki chaalaa savaranalanu munduku teesukellaaru. graameena otarlu vaarilo chaalaa mandini tiraskarinchaaru.
1969loe, general assembly ohiyo rajyanga savarana kamishannu erpaatu chesindi. eee commission rajyanga savaranalaku sambandhinchi general assembleaki aneka sifaarsulu chesindi. saasanasabha aravai savaranalanu prajalaku samarpinchindi, vaatilo chaalaa varaku aamodinchabaddaayi.
idhe vidhamaina commission, ohiyo rajyanga aadhuneekarana commission, 2011loe sthaapinchabadindi. saasanasabha thana sifaarsulanu chaalaa varaku pratipaadinchadamlo viphalamaindi mariyu 2020 naati suuryaastamayam teedeeki mundhe daanini raddu chesindi. commission yokka pradhana vijayam ohiyolo vibhajana prakriyanu samskarinchadamlo vachindi, idhi chivariki rashtra puna ist pampinhee kamishannu sthaapinchadaaniki daariteesindi.
prastuta rajyangam.
asalu 1851 rajyangamlo 16 articles mariyu 169 vibhagalu unnaayi. prastuta patramlo 19 vyasalu mariyu 225 vibhagalu unnaayi. 170 savaranalu chesaaru. chaalaa savaranalu 1912 taruvaata jarigaayi, savaranalanu aamodinchadaaniki avasaralu sadalinchabaddaayi.
prastuta rashtra rajyangam eee krindi articles kaligi undih
peethika.
peethika etuvanti saanukuula chattalanu amalu cheyanappatiki, ohiyo yokka "saadhaarana sankshemaanni" prothsahinchadaaniki saasanasabha chattanni roopondistundane oohanu srushtistundani ohiyo supreenkortu sthaapinchindi."
artical I-hakkula billu.
vaayuvya ordinance aamodinchinappati nundi ohiyo yokka hakkula billu chaalaa varaku amalulo undhi. 1802 rajyanga rachayitalu eee patram nundi bhaareega runaalu teesukunnaru, mariyu 1851 raajyaangamlooni vaaru konni maarpulu chesaaru. appati nundi otarlu kevalam tommidi savaranalanu matrame aamodinchaaru.
rashtra rajyangamlo kanipinche aneka hakkulu yuu. ess. thoo samalekhanam avtayi.ess. rajyangam. veetilo samavesamayye hakku (section 3), aayudhalanu dharinche hakku (section 4), krooramaina mariyu asaadhaarana sikshala nundi rakshana (section 9) unnaayi. ayithe, ohiyo supreenkortu "ohiyo rajyangam swatantra shakti yokka patram" anie perkondi. ohiyo nyaayasthaanaalu federal chattam prakaram ivvabadina vaati kante ohiyo vaasulaku ekkuva hakkulanu manjuru cheyadaaniki swechchagaa unnaayi. adanamgaa, ohiyo rajyangam yuu. ess loe kanipinchani aneka hakkulanu kaligi undhi.ess. rajyangam. udaaharanaku, 1851 rajyangam baanisatvaanni nishedhinchindi, conny baanisatvam yuu. ess. kinda chattabaddhamgaa undipoyindi.ess. 1865loe 13va savarana aamodinchabade varaku rajyangam. adanamgaa, 2011loe, otarlu nivaasitulu aarogya beemaanu konugolu cheyadaanni nishedhistuu oka savarananu aamodinchaaru. eee savarana sarasamaina samrakshana chattanni lakshyamgaa chesukundi, idhi iteevala samakhya vyaktigata aadesaanni erpaatu chesindi.
artical II-saasanam.
artical II ohiyo saasanasabha, general assembly yokka adhikaranni nirdesistundi. asalu 1802 rajyangam saasanasabhanu rashtra prabhutvamlo atyanta saktivantamaina saakhagaa chesindi. idhi chaalaa mandhi karyanirvahaka saakha adhikarulu mariyu nyaayamuurtulanu niyaminchindi, mariyu governor daani nirnayaalapai veeto ledhu. ohiyo governorlu 1903 varaku veeto laenappatikee, 1851 rajyangam eee niyamaka adhikaranni tolaginchindi. ohiyo nyaayamuurtulu ippatikee saasanasabhaku gananeeyamaina udaaratanu manjuru chestaaru. udaaharanaku, rashtra sarvonnata nyayasthaanam "anni saasanaalu rajyangabaddhamainaviga bhaavinchabadataayi" anie bhaavistundi."oka asaadhaarana nibandhana prakaram saasanasabhalo maajee saasanasabhyula raajakeeya sabhyudi sabhyulanu niyaminchadam dwara saasanasabha khaaliilanu bharti cheyali (bayati samstha kaadu). eee paddhatini upayoginchina ekaika rashtram ohiyo.
1912 nundi, eee artical tarachugaa savarinchabadindi. 1918loe oka mukhyamaina savarana usku chesina savaranala saasana dhruvikarananu sameekshinche adhikaranni otarlaku ichindi.ess. rajyangam. yuu.ess. ayithe, supreenkortu rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata "hock vii" kesulo eee nibandhana rajyanga viruddhamani kanugondi. smith ". marinta saadhaaranamgaa, artical II otarlaku chorava mariyu prajabhipraya sekarana adhikaaraalanu kooda andistundi. eee adhikaram kotta kounteela srushti varaku vistarinchindi, conny 1851loe rajyangam aamodinchabadinappati nundi kotta county srushtinchabadaledu.
artical xix-congress puna ist pampinhee.
2018loe prajabhipraya sekarana dwara artical xix jodinchabadindi. idhi daadaapu 75 saatam otlatho aamodinchabadindi. prati paarteelo sagam mandhi anukuulamgaa ootu vesthe, edainaa punahpampinii pranaalikanu aamodinchadaaniki artical rashtra saasanasabha yokka moodinta aidu vantula ootu avasaram. saasanasabha oka oppandaaniki ralekapothe, oka commission oka pranaalikanu roopondistundi. eee pranaalikaku rendu atipedda raajakeeya paarteela nundi iddaru sabhyulatho sahaa naluguru sabhyula aamodam pondaali. commission oka oppandaaniki ralekapothe, saasanasabha saadhaarana majority ootu dwara oka pranaalikanu aamodinchavachhu. pakshapaata tatasthatanu tappanisari cheyadam mariyu county mariyu municipality vibhajanalanu parimitam cheyadam vanti jillaalaku konni avasaralanu kooda eee vyaasam nirdesistundi. aamodinchina edainaa pranaalika yokka raajyaangabaddhatapai rashtra atyunnata nyaayasthaanaaniki ekaika adhikara paridhi undhi. 
artical xix modata 2021 janavarilo amaluloki vachindi mariyu aaa samvatsaram rashtra puna ist pampinhee chakranni paripaalinchindi. saasanasabha oka pranaalikanu roopondinchadamlo viphalamaindi, idhi puna ist pampinhee kamishannu baadhyata vahinchamani balavantam chesindi. commission kooda oka oppandaaniki cherukovadamlo viphalamaindi, aaa panini tirigi saasanasabhaku maarchindi. chivariki, saasanasabha saadhaarana majority ootu dwara kotta pataanni aamodinchindi. ayithe, rashtra atyunnata nyayasthaanam eee patalanu tiraskarinchindi, idhi rajyanga viruddhamgaa republicanlaku anukuulamgaa undani kanugondi. saasanasabha kotta patalanu sweekarinchadaaniki niraakarinchindi, eee prakriyanu tirigi commissionku pampindi. commission marchi 2022loe tudi patalanu sweekarinchindi. joolailo, rashtra supreenkortu mallee patalanu tiraskarinchindi. ayithe, congress primarylu ippatike jariginanduna, 2022 ennikalaku maplu upayoginchabadataayi.

