
bolu rashtram

prabhutva sevalanu pampinhee cheyadaaniki moodava paartiilatoe (private companylu) rashtraalu oppandam kudurchukune prabhutva paddhatula samitini vivarinchadaaniki bolu rashtram anae padaanni upayogistaaru. oka bolu raashtramlo pannu chellimpudaarula nidhula muulam mariyu pannu chellimpudaarula nidhulatho kuudina utpattulu ledhaa sevala tudi pampinhee madhya aneka sthaayila vibhajana untundi. rashtram chellinche sevalu vistaaramaina providerla network dwara utpatti cheyabadataayi mariyu prabhutva pani nibandhananu nirvahinchadam kaadu, conny providerlatho oppandaalanu charchinchadam. prabhutvam mariyu contractorla madhya "command und controll" sambandham ledhu. oppandaalanu lekkalenanni agencylu mariyu inca ekkuva providerlu nirvahistaaru, kendra recordulanu unchadam ledhaa dayta nirvahanaku etuvanti margalu laevu. oka bolu rashtram paripalana yokka anni praamaanika bhavanalanu kaligi untundi, ayithe chaalaa varaku labhapeksha ledhaa laabhaapekshaleni samsthala moodava party samsthala prabhaavamlo untaayi.
charitra.
prabhutva oppandam yokka charitra vaela samvatsaraala naatidi, puraatana greekulu, pertianlu mariyu romanlu kirai brundaalanu upayoginchinappati nundi. united stateslo, prabhutva oppandam yokka charitra aangla poura seva charitralo paatukupoyindi. 1600la antataa, vidyaavantulaina aangleyulu sthaanika prabhutvam kosam, mukhyamgaa aangla sainyam kosam vastuvula sekarana gurinchi charchalu jaripi vruttini yerparachagaligaaru. eee vyavasthalo entha aangla sainika sekarana jarigindi, mariyu aangla sthiranivaasulu kaalaneelaku teesukuvacchaaru. kaalaneelalo unna aangla sainyam sthaanikamgaa tama sonta saamaagrini pondaalani bhaavinchaaru. eee disagaa, chaalaa sainika samsthalu aaharam mariyu sambandhita saamaagrini pondadaaniki oka kameesaree generalnu mariyu nirmaanam, ravana mariyu aayudhaala kosam saamaagrini pondadaaniki oka quartermaster generalnu niyaminchaayi. eee adhikaarulaku sthaanika raitulu mariyu vyaapaarulato oppandam kudurchukune adhikaram undedi. eee vyavastha yokka oka samskarananu american viplavam samayamlo continental congress amalu chesindi. eee dhorani american poura yuddham dwara konasaagindi mariyu prabhutva sekarana yokka aadhunika vyavasthagaa abhivruddhi chendindi. samyukta raashtraala prabhutvam sanklishtamaina providerla network dwara vidhananni marintagaa amalu chestondi. eee vyavastha bahula sthaayila prabhutva, labhapeksha, laabhaapekshaleni samsthala sahakaarampai aadhaarapadutundi.
bolu rashtram" anae padam yokka charitra aacharana yokka charitra kante takkuvagaa undhi, pettubadidaarii vidhanam oka prabalamaina saamaajika saktigaa udbhavinchindi, alaage prabhutva naayakulapai private contractorla prabhavam kooda undhi. arizona vishwavidhyaalayamlo prabhutva paatasaala mariyu praja vidhanam director ayina brinton milward, mitimeerina prabhutva oppandam yokka prakriya mariyu parinaamaalanu vivarinchadaaniki bolu sthithi anae padaanni oka roopakamgaa upayoginchaaru.
aadhunika bolu sthithi punaraavruttula udaaharanalu
moulika sadupayalu.
eee bolu rashtram yokka praathamika uddesyam bahula-samsthaagata nirmaanamgaa panicheyadam, dheeni dwara vidhananni roopondinchi amalu chestaaru. bolu rashtram" anae roopakam anedi prabhutva unitlanu vaati avutputla nundi vaeru chesi, inca charchalu ledhaa oppandam dwara anusandhaaninchabadina vyavasthagaa ardham chesukovadaniki uddesinchabadindi. laabhaapekshaleni samsthalu praja vastuvulu ledhaa sevalanu andinchadaaniki oppandaalu ledhaa nidhulanu sweekarinchinappudu, pratinidhi samstha prajectnu amalu cheyadaaniki ledhaa sevanu andinchadaaniki tagina sthaayi saamarthyaanni teesukuntundi. ayithe, laabhaapekshaleni community aadhaarita samsthalu tama grantlu ledhaa oppandaalanu amalu cheyagala saamardhyamlo chaalaa parimitamgaa unte, appudu bolu raashtramlo disconnect jarugutundi.
praivaeteekarana jaragadaniki pradhana kaaranaalalo okati, parimitulu prabhutvaaniki andinche saamarthyam laeni sevala kosam oppandam kudurchukovadaniki balavantam chese teevramaina saamarthyam. saadhaaranamgaa indulo chhambar off commers mariyu aneka private vyaparala vanti prabhutva paripalana maddatugala private abhivruddhi network untundi. bolu sthithilo 2 rakaala netvarklu unnaih kshitija samaantara mariyu niluvu. kshitija samaantara netvarklu 3 rakalanu kaligi untaayi, vidhana roopakalpana, vanarula marpidi mariyu project aadhaarita, ivanni prabhutvaalu mariyu prabhutvetara samsthala madhya untaayi. niluvu netvarklu samakhya, rashtra mariyu sthaanika prabhutvaala madhya jarige sahakaralu.
eee sahakaram yokka uddesyam vyapara nilupudala, vistarana ledhaa niyamakam kosam vyuuhaanni roopondinchadam. nagara aardhika vyavastha abhivruddhidaarulu chuttupakkala samsthalaku cherukovadaniki mariyu bahula netvarklu kaavadaaniki kaaranam aardhika vidhanam aspashtata mariyu anischiti kinda roopondinchabadindi mariyu amalu cheyabadindi. sanklishtatalu perige koddi, attadugu sthaayi karyakramalu marinta prachuryam pondutaayi. chaalaa laabhaapekshaleni samsthalu oka nirdishta samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki abhiruchi mariyu utsaahamto praarambhinchabadataayi. veetilo chaalaa varaku oka nirdishta bhougolika praantam ledhaa janabha kosam mukhyamaina maanava seva avasaralanu teerchagala chinna attadugu ledhaa samaja aadhaarita laabhaapekshaleni samsthalu. inca, sthaanika sevalanu andinchadaaniki marinta prabhutvetara natula avasaram, anduvalla ekkuva mandhi natulu rashtraanni marinta bolugaa cheyadaaniki samanam. nijaaniki, praja nidhulatho kuudina saamaajika sevalu saamaajika ketayimpu kharchulo perugutunna mukhyamaina bhaagam mariyu neti sankshema rashtra kharchulalo sumaru aidava vanthu varaku unnaayi. sanklishta networkla kosam sthiramaina, sarala prabhutvam nundi pratyaamnaayam cheyadam anedi pannu chellimpudaarula itara viluvalanu parigananaloki teesukokunda kharchu/saamarthyam dwara matrame prerepinchabadina ketayimpu charchala prasnalanu levanettavacchu.
oppandam.
eee pokada rashtram anedi sevalanu andinchadamlo prabhutvaalu neerugaa entha varaku palgontayo suuchistumdi.[4] praja sevanu andinchadaaniki prabhutva paerutoe panicheyadaaniki prabhutvetara samsthanu prabhutvam anumatinchinappudu oppandam kudurchukuntundi. private samsthalaku sevalanu ketayinchadam dwara prabhutvam nundi khaalii cheyatam moodu baadhyatalanu kaligi undih kolpoyina aadaayaalanu bharti cheyadaaniki mariyu desham mariyu praantiiya prabhutvaalu nirdesinchina raajakeeya avasaralanu teerchadaaniki pettubadulanu aakarshinchaalsina avasaram; unnata sthaayi prabhutvam nundi tanikhi brundaalanu sweekarinchaalsina avasaram; mariyu desham ledhaa praantiiya prabhutva niyantranalo unchabadina township beurola "saft centralisation".
prabhutvam vaastavaaniki andinchakundaa pourulaku sevalanu andinchadaaniki prabhutvam erpaatu cheyagaladani ledhaa andinchadaaniki erpaatu cheyagaladani,] oppandaanni kudurchukovadam dwara, tarachugaa praivaeteekaranaku maddatudaarulu abhipraayapadataaru. praivaeteekaranapai prabhutvam uddesinchinadi, adhi emi cheyalanukuntundo nirnayistundi, aapai manchi ledhaa sevanu andinchadaaniki private rangamtho oppandam kudurchukuntundi.] samakhya prabhutvam ellappuduu samakhya sthaayi dwara nidhulu samakuurchina dabbutho sevalanu pampinhee cheyadaaniki mariyu andinchadaaniki rashtra mariyu sthaanika prabhutvaalapai aadhaarapadindi. ayithe, samaja aadhaarita abhivruddhi samsthalaku javaabudaareetanam, pratispandanato samasyalu unnaayi, konnisaarlu munisipaalitiilatoe vaari sambandhaalanu kolpotaru. idhi nidhula sekarana, aardhika mariyu maanava vanarula nirvahana paddhatulalo asamaanatalanu anubhavinchadaaniki, mariyu bhagaswamyanni nirminchadamlo mariyu nirvahinchadamlo mariyu raajakeeya maddatunu pondadamlo naipunhyaalanu kooda anubhavinchadaaniki daariteestundi.
contract avt ledhaa praivaeteekarana kooda rashtra mariyu sthaanika prabhutvaaniki vellae nidhulanu private samsthalaku mallistundi. aaa samsthala kendra karyalayalu unna porugu praantaala madhya pratikuula sambandham undani, porugu pratikuulata undani cheppavacchu, endukante chaalaa pampinhee samstha pradhana karyalayalu diguva pattanamlo, adhika-aadaaya praantaalalo unnaayi. 1960luu mariyu 1970la grant-inn-aid paeludu samayamlo united states off americalo laabhaapekshaleni agencyla prabhutva nidhulu perigayi mariyu praivaeteekarana, parimita budjetlu mariyu prabhutvam nundi prabhutvam yokka vennumukanu tolaginchadam vanti bannerla krinda reegan mariyu bush paripalanala samayamlo konasagayi.] eee pokadala rashtraanni sweekarinche anni rashtraalu dheenini vijayavantamgaa kanugonaledu, mariyu aaa rashtraalu tarachugaa viphalamai, tama raajakeeya vastuvulanu kolpovu.
vimarsha.
prabhutva oppanda paddhatulapai aneka bahiranga vimarsalu unnaayi. eee bolu rashtram asamarthamainadi, pramaadakaramainadi mariyu maanava hakkulanu ullanghinchagaladani vimarsakulu paerkonnaaru. dabbu guttadhipatyam mariyu/ledhaa alpajanatatvaaniki daariteestundi kabatti maanava saastraalalo samaja prayojanaalanu bolu rashtram samarthavantamgaa naasanam cheyagaladu. oka bolu rashtram nammadaganidi kaavacchu. prabhutva rangam oppandam kudurchukunnappudu, aneka samasyalu undavacchu. moodava party utpattidaarulapai perigina aadharapadatam valla eee bolu rashtram udaaharanagaa cheppavacchu, dheeni phalitamgaa prabhutvamlo paryaveekshanha naipunhyam lekapovachhu. yuddham kosam private samsthalanu oppandam chesukovadam anaitika paddhatulaku daariteestundi mariyu dabbu guttadhipatyam mariyu/ledhaa alpajanatatvaaniki daariteestundi kabatti maanava saastraalalo samaja prayojanaalanu bolu rashtram samarthavantamgaa naasanam chestundi.
prabhutvetara, oppanda samsthalanu nirvahinchadamlo samasyalu vistrutamainavi mariyu teevramainavi. nidhula muulam mariyu aaa nidhula amalu madhya vibhajana sthaayila sankhya prati kotta poratho taggutunna rabadi naanhyatanu srushtistundi. prati sthaayilo nirvaahakulu anischita budget chakramtho vyavaharinchaalsi vastundi, andinchina sevalaku chellimpu kosam sudeerghamgaa vechi undatam, aardhika sankshobhaalu, billing samasyalu, tarachugaa maarutunna mariyu viruddhamaina niyamaalu mariyu marenno. pariganinchavalasina maroka vishayam emitante, "pradhana-agent" samasya uniki, indulo "pradhana" (oppandam ichhe vyakti) udyogam yokka avasaraala gurinchi "agent" (oppandam kudurchukunna vyakti) kante ekkuva samacharanni kaligi undaleru. eee samachara asamaanata pradhaanamainavi avaastavika anchanaalanu kaligi undataaniki kaaranamavutundi mariyu kharchu, samayam mariyu maanava vanarulu vanti amsaala gurinchi suutraanni tappudaari pattinchadaaniki agentnu anumatistundi.
oka desamlo ippatike unna paripalanalu oka bolu rashtram vaipu kadulutunnappudu amayakamga kanipinche vidhamgaa pars cheyadam praarambhistaayi. saamarthyam" paerutoe prabhutva aasaktulu private contractorku appaginchabadataayi, vaaru tarachugaa itara samuuhaalaku upa oppandam kudurchukuntaaru. udaaharanaku, katrina $149 mariyu $175 (10 ftx10 ft chadarapu) madhya chellimpu pondina taruvaata, stree kosam neelam torp thoo paikappulanu pyaach cheyadaaniki contractorlanu niyaminchaaru."eee dhara aaa samayamlo puurtigaa kotta paikappulanu erpaatu cheyadamtho polchadaginadi. ayithe, upa contractorla sudeergha shreni dwara, torps yokka tudi samsthaapanalanu chese samsthalu 10ftx10ft chadarapu kii $2 kante takkuva sampaadinchaayi. vyapara aasaktulu sekarana prakriyapai puurti niyantrananu teesukuntunnanduna pannu chellimpudaarulu atigaa chellistaaru.

