
mitzwa

daani praathamika ardhamlo, hebru padam (;, "misha", bahuvachanam "misha"; "aagna") anedi mataparamaina vidhiga nirvahinchaalani devudu aadesinchina aagnanu suuchistumdi. yoodula chattam () chaalaa varaku eee aagnala charchanu kaligi untundi. mataparamaina sampradaayam prakaram, ituvanti 613 aagnalu unnaayi.
daani dviteeya ardhamlo, "mitzwa" anae padam atuvanti aagnanu neraverchadaaniki chesina panini suuchistumdi. anduvalla, "mitzwa" anae padam chattaniki anugunamgaa vyaktigata maanava dayanu vyaktam cheyadaaniki kooda vachindi. meeru mea poruguvaarini meelaage preminchaali" (leviticus 19:18) anae vyakteekarana kevalam chattaparamaina kartavyaaniki minchina hridayapurvaka bhavanni kaligi untundi.
talmudic rabbeela abhiprayalu "mitzwoat" yokka uddesyaanni korukune vaariki mariyu vaarini prasninchani vaariki madhya vibhajinchabaddaayi. prati "mitzwa" kii kaaranaanni nirnayinchagaligithe, prajalu "mitzwa" yokka uddesyamgaa bhaavinchedaanni saadhinchadaaniki prayatninchavacchu, adhe samayamlo "mitzwa" nii tiraskarinchavacchu anie rendodi vaadistundi. prati "mitzwa" kii kaaranam mariyu uddesyaanni prajalu ardham chesukunte, adhi vaastavaaniki "mitzwa" nii gamaninchadaaniki mariyu nirvahinchadaaniki vaariki sahaayapadutundani modatidi nammutundi. konni "mitzwoat" kosam, kaaranam thoraalo perkonabadindi.
hebri baibil.
hebri baibil yokka masoretic vachanamlo stree namavachakam '() 180 saarlu sambhavistundi. modati upayogam aavirbhavamlo undhi, ikkada devudu abraham "naa swaraaniki vidheyudigaa, naa baadhyatanu, naa aagnalanu, naa saasanaalanu, naa chattalanu paatinchaadani" cheppadu. septagintlo eee padaanni saadhaaranamgaa "entole" () thoo anuvadistaaru. rendava aalaya kaalapu antyakriyala saasanaalalo "aagnala premikudu" anae visaeshanhaanni konnisaarlu yoodula samaadhulapai chekkaru. aagnalu mariyu saasanaala kosam hebrulo itara padaalu kooda upayoginchabadataayi; udaaharanaku, padhi aagnalu (есрт   чети черут), "padhi padaalu".
ganana.
yoodula sampradaayam 613 aagnalu unnayani perkondi. eee sankhya hebri bybillo kanipinchadu. 613 anae sankhya anae sampradaayam cree. sha. 3va sataabdamloo modatisaarigaa namodu cheyabadindi, rabbi simloy dheenini oka upanyaasamlo perkonnappudu, bahusha oka vyakti thana mottam shareeramtho pratiroojuu thoraanu paatinchaalani suuchimchadaaniki.
ayithe, eee abhiprayam vishwavyaaptamgaa aamodinchabadaledu. abraham ibn ezra bybillo veyyiki paiga daivika aagnalu unnayani gamaninchaaru, conny 300 kante takkuva athani kaalaaniki vartinchaayi. eee sankhya vivaadaaspadamainadani, anischitamgaa undani natchmanides kanugonnadu. 613 sankhya anedi khachitamaina lekkimpu kakunda rabbi sampradaayam.
rabbi saahityamlo, pradhanamgaa rishonimlu raasina aneka rachanalu unnaayi, ivi 613 aagnalanu lekkinchadaaniki prayatnistaayi. bahusha veetilo atyanta prasiddhamainadi mymonides rachinchina "sepher hamitzwatt".
rabbinik mitzwoat.
baibil mitzvotnu talmudlo "mitzwoat dii 'oraita" gaa suuchistaaru, dheenini "chattam yokka aagnalu (thoraa)" gaa anuvadistaaru. adanamgaa, taruvaati taraalaku chendina rabbeelu aneka adanapu chattalanu vidhinchaaru, veetini rabbi chattalu ("mitzwoat derabbanan") anie pilustaaru. rabbi chattaala rakaalalo "takana" mariyu "gejira" unnaayi.
madhyayuga rabbeelu oka yoodudu rabbi mitzvotnu enduku anusarinchaali anae prasnanu charchinchaaru, endukante vaaru devuniche kakunda rabbeelache aadesinchabaddaaru. mymonides prakaram, rabbi mitzvotnu unche vyakti vaastavaaniki yoodula mataparamaina adhikaarula nirnayaalaku kattubadi undaalane baibil aagnanu anusaristaadu (,) nahmanides prakaram, rabbi mitzvotnu unche baadhyataku baibil muulam ledhu.
adanamgaa, baibil mitzwoat yokka aneka nirdishta vivaralu moukhika thoraa (mishnah/jemarah) yokka rubbinical application dwara matrame pondabaddaayi; udaaharanaku, yea bhashalonaina moodu rojuvaaree praarthanalu mariyu yea bhashalonaina rojuku rendusaarlu shema (deuteronomy 6:4-7) parayana, tephilin bandhinchadam mariyu mejuja (deuteronomy 6:8-9) nii sthiraparachadam, mariyu bhojanam tarvaata daya yokka saameta (deuteronomy 8:10).
edu rabbi mitzwoat.
edu mukhyamaina "mitzwoat dii 'rabbanan" eee krindi vidhamgaa unnaih
eee edu rubbinical aagnalanu baibil aagnala vale pariganistaaru, prati okkati pradarsinchadaaniki mundu, oka aasiirvaadam pathinchabadutundi ("maaku aagnaapinchina viswam yokka raaju, oo maa devuda, neevu aasiirvadimchabaddaavu..."). gematrialo, 613 baibil aagnalaku jodinchina eee edu, "keater thoraa" ("thoraa kireetam") anae padabandham yokka sankhya viluvaku anugunamgaa mottam 620 nuu yerparustaayi.
mitzwatt yokka vargaalu.
eee aagnalanu kooda moodu saadhaarana vargaluga vibhajinchaaruh mispatim; edot; mariyu chukim. mispatim ("chattalu") loe hatya cheyakudadani, dongilinchakudadani vanti sweeya-spashtamainaviga bhaavinche aagnalu untaayi. edot ("sakshyalu") yoodula charitralo mukhyamaina sanghatanalanu gurtuchestundi. udaaharanaku, shabbat aaru rojullo prapanchaanni srushtinchi, edava rojuna vishraanti teesukoni daanini pavitramgaa prakatinchaadane kathaku saakshyamistundani chebutaaru. chukimlu ("saasanaalu") anevi etuvanti hetubaddhata laeni aagnalu, ivi daivika sankalpam yokka swachchamaina vyakteekaranalugaa bhaavinchabadataayi.
aagnalu saanukuula ("meeru cheyakudadu") mariyu pratikuula ("meeru cheyakudadu") aagnalugaa vibhajinchabaddaayi. yoodula sampradaayam prakaram, 613 aagnalalo 365 pratikuula aagnalu mariyu 248 saanukuula aagnalu unnaayi.
aneka aagnalu raajulu, "kohanim" (archakatvam), laeveeyulu ledhaa nazarites vanti pratyeka vargaala prajalaku matrame sambandhinchinavi, udaaharanaku, yoodu desham yokka sthaanika ledhaa taatkaalika paristhitula dwara, udaaharanaku, vyavasaya, tyaagam mariyu levitical chattalu. konni linga-aadhaaritamainavih udaaharanaku, mahilalaku nirdishta samaya-sambandhita aagnala nundi minahaayimpu undhi ("shofer", "sukka", "lulav", "tjitjit" mariyu "tephilin" vantivi).
moodu rakaala pratikuula aagnalu aatma tyaagam suutram "yehreg well yavor" kindaku vastaayi, antey "daanini ullanghinche badulu tananu taanu champukonivvali". avi hatyalu, vigraharadhana mariyu nishiddha laingika sambandhaalu. anni itara aagnalaku, champabadatame ekaika pratyaamnaayam ayithe, aagnanu ullanghinchaali.
rabbi ishmael prakaram, sinoy parvatam meeda pradhana aagnalu matrame ivvabaddaayi, migilinavi samavesa gudaaramlo ivvabaddaayi. marovaipu, rabbi akiwa, avanni sinoy parvatam meeda ivvabadi, samavesa gudaaramlo punaraavrutam cheyabadi, moshe thana maranaaniki mundu moodava saari prakatinchaadani abhiprayapaddadu. midrash prakaram, anni daivika aagnalu sinoy parvatam meeda ivvabaddaayi, mariyu yea pravakta kotta vaatini jodinchalekapoyaru.
aaru sthiramaina mitzwoat.
thoraalo perkonna 613 mitzwatt loe, sepher hachinuch "constant mitzwatt" anie piliche aaru mitzwatt unnaih "manaku aaru mitzwatt unnaayi, ivi saasvatamgaa mariyu sthiramgaa untaayi, ivi mana jeevitamlooni anni rojulalo anni samayaallo vartistaayi".
mitzwoat mariyu yoodula chattam.
rabbi aalochanalo, aagnalanu saadhaaranamgaa rendu pradhana samuhaluga vibhajistaaru, saanukuula aagnalu (baadhyatalu)-[] mariyu pratikuula aagnalu (nishedhaalu)-[].
aagnala aacharanaatmaka anuvartanaanni vivarinche vyavasthanu "halakha" anie pilustaaru. "halakha" anedi likhita chattam (thoraa) loe unnatlugaa, moukhika chattamlo charcha mariyu charcha dwara, shaastreeya yugamloni rabbi saahityamlo, mukhyamgaa mishnah mariyu talmudlo namodu cheyabadinatlugaa "mitzwoat" yokka abhivruddhi. halakha" saampradaaya yoodula aneka rakaala pravartanalanu nirdesistundi mariyu prabhaavitam chestundi.
messianic yugamlo vartimpajeyadam.
messiah yugamlo eee aagnalu ippatikee vartistaayani, amalulo untaayani shaastreeya rabbeela majority abhiprayam. ayithe, messiah yugam dwara ledhaa daanilo chaalaa varaku aagnalu raddu cheyabadatayani gananeeyamaina sankhyalo rabbeelu abhiprayapaddaru. ituvanti rabbi abhipraayaalaku udaaharanalu
messiah yugamlo yea "mitzwoat" edainaa unte, raddu cheyabadutundane daanipai yooda matamlo aamodinchabadina adhikaarika samadhanam ledhu. idhi saiddhaantika charchaku sambandhinchina amsam, mariyu takshana aacharanaatmaka prasnagaa pariganinchabadakapovadam, saadhaaranamgaa aacharanaatmaka "halakha" prasnalaku samadhanam ivvadaaniki anukuulamgaa aamodinchabadutundi.

