
samstha (baanisa ooda)

eee samstha 19va sataabdam praarambhamlo atlantic teeram vembadi teerapraanta baanisa vaanijyamlo churukuga unna united states vaanijya nauka. 1835 fibravari 11naa chedu vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa adhi hamilton, bermuda jalaalloki balavantamgaa pravesinchindi, adhe samayamlo itara sarukulatho paatu 78 mandhi baanisalanu teesukuvellindi. british adhikarulu daadaapu baanisalandarinii vidudala chesinappudu idhi oka chinna antarjaateeya sanghatanaku kendramgaa maarindi. 1834 nundi britton thana carabian kaalaneelalo baanisatvaanni raddu chesindi. aaa samayamlo bermuda [mariyu bahamas] jalaallo kanipinche baanisalanu arrestu chesi swaadheenam chesukovalani videshee deshaalaku salaha ichindi. vaari sarukulanu "pariharam lekunda" japthu cheyavalasi untundi.
bermuda customs adhikarulu "entreprise" oodanu nirbandhinchadaaniki gunboat mariyu raayal naevii dalaalanu pilicharu, mariyu oka bermudian maajee baanisa richard takkar tellajati keptenku "habeas corpus" vraathatho seva chesaadu, baanisalanu bermuda supreme kortuku appaginchaalani aadesinchaadu, tadwara vaaru kaalaneelo swechhanu pondaalane ledhaa odatho united stateslo baanisatvaaniki tirigi ravalane vaari empika gurinchi maatlaadavacchu. kortu raatri 9 gantala nundi samavesamaindi.emm. fibravari 18 ardharaatri varaku, pradhana nyaayamuurti prati banisanu interview chesaaru. samstha" kuu chendina debbai enimidi mandhi baanisalalo debbai rendu mandhi bermudalo undi swechcha pondaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru.
1830 nundi 1842 varaku baanisalanu "samstha" nundi vimukti cheyadam ilanti aneka sanghatanalalo okatih bermuda mariyu bahamalalo adhikarulu desheeya vaanijyamlo united states naukala nundi daadaapu 450 mandhi baanisalanu vidudala chesaaru, oodalu vaari neetilo dhvamsamaina taruvaata ledhaa itara kaaranaala valla vaari odarevulloki pravesinchina taruvaata. united states yajamaanulu tama nashtalaku daavaalu kosam prabhutvaanni ottidi chestune unnaaru. 1853 naati daavaala oppandamlo, 1834 taruvaata vidudala cheyabadina baanisalatoe sahaa 1814 naati vividha daavaalanu parishkarinchadaaniki us mariyu britton angeekarinchaayi. idhi chivariki 1855loe madhyavartitvam dwara parishkarinchabadindi, us prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa 270,700 dollarlu chellimpunu erpaatu chesindi, british pourulu, american pourula kaaranamgaa. chivariki konni beema companylu baanisala aastini kolpoyinanduku chellinchabaddaayi.
nepathyam.
united states mariyu grate britton rendoo 1807 nundi antarjaateeya baanisa vaanijyaanni nishedhinchaayi, mariyu rendoo akrama noukalanu addukovadaniki mariyu vaanijyaanni anachiveyadaaniki africa (britton yokka paschima africa squadron) mariyu carabianlo sailing gasteeni nirvahinchaayi. united states thana chattamlo thoorpu mariyu gulph tiiraala vembadi vividha marketla madhya desheeya teerapraanta baanisa vaanijyam kosam noukalanu nirvahinche hakkunu parirakshinchindi, idhi lothaina dakshinaana vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendina patthi saagutho marinta mukhyamainadigaa maarindi. kaarmikula demand adhika sthaayilo undatamtho, puurvakaala samvatsaraalalo, daadaapu oka million banisaluga unna african americanlu balavantamgaa valasala dwara dakshinaana lothaina praantaaniki taralinchabaddaaru, moodinta rendu vantula mandhi desheeya baanisa vaanijyam dwara. nyuu orleans atipedda baanisa marketnu kaligi undhi mariyu daani naukaasrayam baanisa vaanijyam mariyu sambandhita vyaapaaraalaku mukhyamainadi.
1818loe, landanlooni home office "british west indies velupala nundi bahaamaalaku teesukuvacchina yea banisanaina vimukti cheyabadataru" anie teerpu ichindi."eee vivarana british valasa adhikarulu yuu yaajamaanyamloni daadaapu 450 mandhi baanisalanu vidipinchadaaniki daariteesindi.ess. 1830 nundi 1842 varaku jaateeyulu, american vaanijya noukalu bahamaslo dhvamsamaina ledhaa itara kaaranaala valla valasarajyala naukaasrayaallo unchabadina sanghatanalalo. american baanisa ooda "commet" 1830loe abaco dveepamlo dhvamsamaindi, alaage fibravari 1834loe "encomium" dhvamsamaindi. customs adhikarulu sidhilaala dwara nassaavuloki teesukuvacchinappudu baanisala sarukulanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru, mariyu valasarajyala adhikarulu vaarini vidudala chesaru "commet" nundi 164 mandhi baanisalu mariyu "encomium" nundi 45 mandhi. aaa rendu sandarbhaallo britton americaku nashtapariharam chellinchindi, conny 1855loe 1853 naati hakkula oppandam prakaram matrame. madhya samvatsaraallo adanapu baanisalu american naukala nundi vimukti pondaaru.
grate britton 1834 augustulo british dheevulu, daani kaalaneelu mariyu vaati jalaallo baanisatvaanni raddu chesindi. vimukti vachinappati nundi, bermuda [mariyu bahamas] jalaallo kanipinche yea banisalanaina arrestu chesi swaadheenam chesukuntamani britton videshee deshaalaku salaha ichindi. vaari sarukulanu "pariharam lekunda" japthu cheyavalasi untundi.
"bermudalo "entreprise".
1835 fibravarilo, alegzandria, virginia mariyu charleston, dakshina carolina madhya prayaanamloo edu rojulu, american brigg "entreprise" oka tuphaanu dwara daari tappipoyindi mariyu british kaalanee ayina hamilton, bermudalo samagri kosam unchavalasi vachindi. fibravari 11naa 127 tannula baruvunna pedda oodapai customs adhikarulu vachinappudu, vaaru mottam 78 mandhi baanisalanu kaligi unnaarani kanugonnaru, vaaru nivedinchinavi bhayankaramaina paristhitulu. bandeelanu saruku kosam ooda yokka manifestlo jabita cheyaledu. alegzandria mariyu washington, dii. sii. luu chesapeak bay praantam, virginia, maryland mariyu delaware nundi baanisalaku pradhana marketnu kaligi unnaayi, veetini dakshinaana lothaina praantaalaku vikrayinchi ravana chestunnaru. samstha" looni baanisalalo chaalaa mandhi joseph neel yajamanyamlo unnaaru, vaaru chaalaa viluvainavaaru, endukante vaaru yuvakulu, americalo janminchinavaaru mariyu inglish matladataru. vaaru ekkuvagaa 7 nundi 15 samvatsaraala madhya vayassu galavaaru, mariyu 19 nundi 25 samvatsaraala madhya vayassu galavaruga jabita cheyabaddaaru. mottam 41 mandhi mahilalu mariyu 37 mandhi purushulu unnaaru.
bermudalo baanisalu chattaviruddhamani, japtuku lobadi unnaarani customs adhikarulu kepten smithku chepparu; vaarini odduku teesukuraavaalani vaaru aadesinchaaru. british vaaru sibbandini saayudha rakshanalo unchadaaniki gunn boat mariyu raayal naevii dalaalanu pilipinchaaru. smith dhikkaristuu vellipotanani bedirinchinappudu, sthaanika dalaalu americanlanu nirbandhinchaayi.
richard takkar jokyam chesukunnadu; athanu 1832loe sthaanika nallajati yuvakula snehapoorvaka ladge (paraspara sahaya brundam) yokka bermudian vyavasthaapakudu. athanu kortu nundi "habeas corpus" yokka ritnu pondaadu, kepten elliot smithnu baanisalanu "pradhana nyaayamuurti mundu teesukuraavaalani mariyu vaaru odatho aame nirdesinchina naukaasrayaaniki velli baanisalanu konasagistara ledhaa bermudalo undi swechchagaa untara anie tamaku taamu samadhanam cheppamani balavantam chesaadu."
daadaapu 78 mandhi baanisalanu, vaarilo chaalaa mandhi pillalatho unna mahilalu, vaari kortu vichaaranaku siddham kaavadaaniki ooda nundi tolaginchaaru. vaaru hamilton sameepamloni bars bay paarkulo dige samayaniki, vaariki swaagatam cheppadaniki "apaaramaina janasamuuham" gumigudaru. janasamoohamlo chaalaa mandhi kevalam oka samvatsaram mundu vidudala cheyabaddaaru mariyu american baanisalu swechcha pondavachani bhaavinchi utsaahamgaa unnaaru.
bermuda supreenkortu raatri 9 gantalaku samavesamaindi.emm. fibravari 18naa baanisalanu interview cheyadaaniki. raddiigaa unna gadilo ardharaatri varaku vichaarana konasaagindi; pedda sankhyalo sthaanikulu samavesaniki hajarayyaru. bermuda pradhana nyaayamuurti thamus butterfield baanisalanu vyaktigatamgaa interview chesi, vaaru americaku tirigi vacchi baanisatvaanni korukuntunnara ledhaa bermudalo swechchaayuta vyaktulugaa undalanukuntunnara anie adigaru. eee session samayamlo, daadi chesinavaaru kidnap chesi baanisatvaaniki vikrayinchina maereelaandlooni chaalaa mandhi prajalu nallajaateeyulugaa unnaarani kortu vinnadi.
ridgely anae mahila, thana aiduguru pillalatho, united statesku tirigi vellaalani nirnayinchukundi. migilina 72 mandhi bermudalo undataaniki enchukunnaaru. aaa raatri, fibravari 18,1835naa, supreenkortu vaarini vidudala chesindi. akkada unna oka paatrikeyudu ilaa vraasaadu, "prabalamgaa unna aanandam mariyu adbhuta bhavanni vivarinchadam kashtam."
attarney general friedman tarapuna sabhyatvaanni praarambhinchaadu, mariyu vaariki sahayam cheyadaaniki haajaraina vaari nundi $70 twaragaa sekarinchabadindi. hamilton mayer vilium cox vaariki khaliga unna giddangini nidrinchadaaniki upayoginchamani pratipaadinchaaru. noothana swechcha pondina vaariki gruhalu mariyu udyogaalu kanugonadamlo mariyu sthaanika samaajamlo twaragaa kalisipovadamlo sreyobhilaashulu mariyu snehapoorvaka samajam sahayapaddayi.
entreprise" kesu britton mariyu aame kaalaneelalo baanisatvam raddu cheyabadina taruvaata kaalamlo baanisatvam prasnapai grate britton mariyu united states madhya talettina udriktatalaku dohadapadindi. dakshinaana desheeya vaanijyam mariyu laabhadaayaka samsthagaa united states dheenini konasaaginchindi. bermuda ledhaa west indiislooni british adhikarulu americanla yaajamaanyamloni baanisalanu vidudala chesina aneka sanghatanalalo idhi okati. america, britton africa nundi antarjaateeya baanisa vaanijyaanni anachiveyadaaniki krushi chesinappatiki, vaataavaranam ledhaa pramaadaalu british valasa naukaasrayaalloki vaarini nadipinchinatlayithe america thana desheeya baanisalanu rakshinchaalani korukundi. samstha" mariyu itara sanghatanala vishayamlo, sthaanika british pourulu american baanisala tarapuna charya teesukunnaru.
sambandhita sanghatanalu.
1840loe, richmond nundi nyuu orleensku ammakaniki 38 mandhi baanisalanu teesukuvelutunna, teerapraanta baanisa vaanijyamlo us scooner ayina "hermosa", bahaamaasloni abacos dheevulalo okadaanilo neelakuulipooyindi. rakshakulu oodanu odarevuku teesukellina taruvaata, kepten baanisalanu vidichipettadaaniki niraakarinchaadu. america raayabaarulato kalisi, athanu thana baanisa sarukunu delivery kosam teesukelladaaniki maroka oodanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu. saayudha dalamtho maddatu icchina british nyaayaadhikaarulu "hermosa" paiki ekki, baanisalanu teesivesi, vaaru odduku cherukunnappudu vaarini vidipinchaaru. americanlu nirasana vyaktam chesaaru.
creol kesu 1841 navambarulo oka american brigade meeda baanisa tirugubaatu phalitamgaa apakhyaati paalaindi. 19 mandhi baanisalu "creol" sibbandini swaadheenam chesukunna taruvaata, vaaru oodanu bahaamaasloni nassavuku prayaaninchamani aadesinchaaru; naayakulalo okaru oka samvatsaram mundu "hermosa" kesu gurinchi vinnaru mariyu british vaaru baanisatvaanni raddu chesaarani telusu. chivariki, "creol" nundi vacchina 135 mandhi baanisalalo 128 mandhi british valasavaadulachae vidudala cheyabaddaaru. idhi america charitralo atyanta vijayavantamaina baanisa tirugubaatu. baanisa yajamaanula nashtalaku pariharam gurinchi matrame kakunda, america aandolana chendindi. creol" baanisala vijayam british west indiisloo swechhanu pondadaaniki ituvanti ooda tirugubaatlanu prayatninchadaaniki itarulanu prothsahistundani, dakshinaana teerapraanta baanisa vaanijyam mariyu baanisatvaaniki muppu kaligistundani bhayapadindi.
aaa samayamlo webster-ashberton oppandam (1842) paie yuu. ess-british charchalu konasagayi mariyu antarjaateeya udriktatalanu paakshikamgaa parishkarinchaayi. martin vaan beuren paripalana "creol" nundi american baanisalanu tirigi pampinchaalani adhikarikamga demand chesindi, dheenini britton tiraskarinchindi. dakshinaadi baanisala yajamaanulu tama aastini kolpoyinanduku pariharam kosam kaangresnu ottidi cheyadam konasaaginchaaru."
america videsanga karyadarshi daniel websterku anugunamgaa, british doutyavetta lard ashberton, baanisatvaanni nishedhinche british chattam marchalenidani punaraavrutam chestu, 'manchi porugu' prayojanaala drishtya, avakaasam vachinappudu american noukalanu british adhikara paridhiloki nettinappudu "adhikaarika jokyaniki" vyatiraekamgaa united states yokka dakshina sarihaddulaloni kaalaneela governorlaku kireetam teliyajestundani websterku haamii icchaaru.
oppandam mariyu pariharanni korutunnaru.
grate britton mariyu united states madhya 1853 fibravari oppandamlooni hakkula articleslo "samstha", "hermosa" mariyu "creol" sanghatanalalo baanisalanu british vimukti cheyadam dwara aardhikamgaa badhapadina baanisa-yajamaanula vaadanalu unnaayi. eee oppandam kinda cover cheyabadina mottam avaardula mottaanni parishkarinchadaaniki septembaru 15,1853 nundi janavari 15,1855 varaku londonlo claims commission samavesamaindi, idhi december 1814 nundi vividha claimlaku vistarinchindi. fibravari 1855loe, congress commission yokka parishkaranni angeekaristuu mariyu avasaramaina US chellimpu kosam nidhulanu ketayistu oka billunu aamodinchindi.
webster-ashberton oppandampai santakam chesina taruvaata chaalaa samvatsaraalu, carabian naukaasrayaala vadda american naukala nundi baanisalanu vimukti cheyadaaniki sambandhinchi united statesku britainpai etuvanti firyadulu laevu. conny, kallu moosukuni chudalani adhikaarulanu aadesinchinappatiki, british kaalaneela nivaasitulu (veerilo chaalaa mandhi gatamlo banisaluga undevaaru) konnisaarlu american baanisalanu vidipinchadaaniki pratyaksha charya teesukunnaru.
1855 juulai 20naa, "newyork times" juun chivaralo jamaika looni savannah-laa-maar vadda brigg "young america" nundi oka american banisanu jamaikanlu tolaginchaarani nivedinchindi. jamaikaaloni us consul prakaram, prashnaarthakamaina vyakti taanu netless anae swatantra vyakti anie choopinche patraalatoe "young america" loe ekkaaru. taruvaata athanu thana paeru nijamgaa anderson anie, mariyu athanu oka mister nundi tappinchukune baanisa anie cheppadu. robinson. idhi nijamaithe, anderson british mattini taakinappudu swechcha pondhi undevaadani consul paerkonnaadu."dveepamlo nallajati sibbandi ekkuva sankhyalo paaripoyinanduna, vaarini jamaika kuu teesukuraakuudadani naukaamaastaarulaku salaha istuu consul varjiniyaaloni norphoke naukaasrayam kalektarku lekha raasaaru. baanisatvaaniki balamaina sthaanika vyatiraekata, alaage us mariyu grate britton vaari punaruddharanaku vartinche etuvanti oppandam lekapovadam valla edaarivaallanu tirigi pondadam kashtamani ayana paerkonnaaru.