
italii bhashalu

italii bhaashalalo praamaanika mariyu praantiiya roopaallo dhesha jaateeya bhashaga panichese italian, alaage aneka sthaanika mariyu praantiiya bhashalu unnaayi, veetilo ekkuva bhaagam italian vanti vistruta srungaara samuuhaaniki chendinavi. praantiiya bhashaluga tarachugaa gurtinchabadina chaalaa bhashalu praantaala paripalana sarihaddula meedugaa nirantaraayamgaa pampinhee cheyabadataayi, oke praantamlooni oka praantaaniki chendina matladevaru saadhaaranamgaa sameepamloni itara pradaesaala nundi tama swantha vaividhyaanni veruchese lakshanaala gurinchi telusukuntaaru.
desavyaaptamgaa adhikaarika mariyu vistrutamgaa matlade bhasha italian, idhi florence yokka madhyayuga tuscanga praarambhamaindi. samaantaramgaa, chaalaa mandhi italianlu sthaanika bhaashalalo okadaanilo kooda communicate chestaaru, veetilo chaalaa varaku, tuscon laaga, asabhya latin yokka swadeshi parinaamaalu. ayithe konni sthaanika bhashalu latin nundi udbhavinchaledu, conny symbrian (germanic), arberesh (albanian), slavomolisano (slavic) mariyu gricco (greeku) vanti itara indo-european saakhalaku chendinavi. valasala kaaranamgaa janabhalo gananeeyamaina saatam mandhi itara swadesheeyetara bhashalanu matladataru.
sthaanika bhaashalalo, pannendu bhashalanu bhasha minoritylu matladataru albanian, catalan, german, greeku, sloven, croatian, french, franco-provensal, freulian, laudin, ositanian mariyu sardinian; prastuta samayamlo, sardinone atuvanti samoohaalalo atipeddadigaa pariganinchabadutundi, sardophone samajam mottam ksheenistunnappatiki, sumaru oka million mandhi matladevaru unnaaru. ayithe, puurti dvibhaashaavaadam ("billinguismo perfetto") chattabaddhamgaa german, sloven ledhaa french matrubhasha kaligina moodu jaateeya minoritylaku matrame manjuru cheyabadindi, mariyu varusaga trentino-alto adige, friuli venezia giulia mariyu iosta loya praantaalalo amalu cheyabadindi.
bhasha ledhaa mandalikam.
italeelo matlade daadaapu anni srungaara bhashalu avi matlade praantaaniki chendinavi. praamaanika italian kakunda, eee bhashalanu tarachugaa "dialetti" maandalikaalu anie pilustaaru, vyavaharikamgaa mariyu panditula vaadakamlo; ayithe, eee padam vaatilo konnintiki "minority bhashalu" ledhaa "sthaanika bhashalu" vanti itara lebullatho sahajeevanam cheyavachu. mandalikam" anae lebulnu tappugaa ardham chesukovacchu, idhi italeelo matlade sthaanika bhashalu "bhasha yokka rakalu ledhaa vaividhyaalu" anae aangla bhasha ardhamlo praamaanika italian yokka "maandalikaalu" anie suuchistumdi. italeelo idhi alaa kaadu, endukante desham yokka deerghakaala bhasha vaividhyam vaastavaaniki praamaanika italian nundi udbhavinchaledu. italeelooni aneka rakaala srungaara bhashalu italianku puurvam nundi sthaanikamgaa asambaddha latin nundi udbhavinchaayi, praamaanika jaateeya bhashaga maaradaaniki chaalaa kaalam mundu, italii antataa praamaanika italian vyaapti chendadaaniki chaalaa kaalam mundu. vaastavaaniki, praamaanika italian nuu tuscon yokka florentine mandalikam yokka konasagimpu ledhaa ekkuvagaa aadhaarapadina maandalikamgaa bhaavinchavachchu.
anduvalla italeelooni swadeshi srungaara bhashalu "maandalikaalu" ledhaa taruvaati vaividhyaala kante praamaanika italian maadirigaane latin nundi udbhavinchina pratyeka bhashaluga vargeekarinchabaddaayi. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, 20va sataabdamloo italii antataa praamaanika italian vyaapti chendadamtho, dveepakalpam antataa praamaanika italian yokka sthaanika rakalu kooda abhivruddhi chendaayi, ivi antarleena sthaanika bhashala dwara vividha sthaayilaku prabhaavitamayyaayi, chaalaa gamaninchadagga vidhamgaa dhwanisastra sthaayilo; praantiiya sarihaddulu arudugaa eee rakalanu veruchese isogloslaku anugunamgaa unnappatikee, praamaanika italian yokka eee vaividhyaalanu saadhaaranamgaa praantiiya italian ("italiano reginal") anie pilustaaru.
1999 natiki pannendu bhashalaku chattabaddhamgaa adhikaarika gurtimpu labhinchindi, conny itarulanu minahayinchi vaati empika kontha vivaadaaspadamaina vishayam. praamaanika italian bhasha nirmaanamloo vaari sanghaala chaaritraka bhagaswamyanni drushtilo unchukuni aneka praantiiya bhashalu gurtinchabadaledani daniel bonamore vaadinchaaru giacomo daa lentini mariyu siyelo dii alcamo yokka sisilian, guido ginizelli yokka bolonese, jacopone daa todi yokka ambrian, neapolitan, kaarlo goldoni yokka venetian mariyu dante yokka tuscan praamaanika italian bhasha majority yokka chaaritraka sthapakulagaa pariganinchabadataayi; marovaipu, atuvanti kendraala velupala, freulian, laudin, sardinian, franco-provensal mariyu ositanlu, ivi vibhina bhashaluga gurtinchabaddaayi. michel salazar bonamore yokka vivarananu "kottadi mariyu nammadaginadi" gaa kanugonnadu.
italian yokka chattaparamaina sthithi.
faasist kaalamlo, marinta pratyaekamgaa aarr dwara, italian modata italii adhikaarika bhashaga prakatinchabadindi.dii.ell., 1925 aktobaru 15naa "sul 'obligo della lingwa italiana inn tutti gli yufifi giudiziari dell regno, salvo leey exegioni stabilite nee trattati internejonali purr laa sitta dii fiyame" anae paerutoe sweekarinchabadindi.
asalu italian rajyangam italian adhikaarika jaateeya bhasha anie spashtamgaa vyaktam cheyaledu. rajyangam vrayabadinappati nundi, aamodinchabadina criminal kesula vidhanalapai konni chattalu mariyu vyasalu vrayabaddayi, ivi italian bhashanu upayoginchaalani spashtamgaa perkonnayi
chaaritraka bhasha minoritylu.
italian rashtram dwara gurtimpu.
kala. italian raajyaangamlooni 6va bhaganni vyavasthaapaka tandrulu desamloni chaaritraka bhasha minorityla patla saanubhooti chuupadaaniki roopondinchaaru, kottagaa sthaapinchabadina ganatantram vaarini jaateeya nirmaanamloo bhaagam kaavadaaniki mariyu jaateeyavaadam kaaranamgaa, mukhyamgaa faasijam samayamlo, intaku mundu prothsahinchina italian vidhaanaala nundi dhooramgaa undataaniki veelu kalpistundi. 1934 nundi, mantri francesco ercol bhasha jaateeyavaada vidhaanaaniki anugunamgaa, vaastavaaniki paatasaala paatyaamsaala nundi italian kakunda maray itara bhashanu minahaayinchaaru.
italian republic yokka rajyanga nyayasthaanam kosam, raajyaangamlooni artical 6 "19va sataabdapu jaateeya rajyam yokka closed bhavananu adhigaminchadam mariyu faasijam dwara vyaktamayye jaateeyavaada vaikharitho poliste goppa raajakeeya mariyu saamskrutika praamukhyatanu tippikottadam" alaage "prastuta rajyanga vyavastha yokka praathamika suutraalaloo okati" gaa suuchistumdi.
ayithe, kalaku ardha sataabdaaniki paiga samayam gadichindi. 6 taruvaata paina perkonna evaina "tagina charyalu" anusarinchabaddaayi. vaastavaaniki italii 1999loe jaateeya chattam dwara modatisaarigaa eee kathanaanni vartimpajesindi. bhasha shaastravetta tulio dii mauro prakaram, artical 6nuu amalu cheyadamlo 50 samvatsaraalaku paiga alasyam "bahubhaashaavaadaaniki dasaabdaala satrutvam" mariyu "apaaradarsaka agnaanam" kaaranamgaa jarigindi.
chattaparamaina chatram amaluloki raakamundu, kevalam naalugu bhasha minoritylu (ostaa loyalo french matlade samajam; german matlade samajam mariyu, parimita sthaayilo, bolzano provinceloni laudin community; trieste provinceloni sloven matlade samajam mariyu takkuva hakkulatho, gorizia provins) matrame antarjaateeya oppandaalalo nirdishta nibandhanala nundi udbhavinchi, oka rakamaina angeekaaram mariyu rakshananu pondaaru. itara enimidi bhasha minoritylanu 1999loe matrame gurtinchalsi undhi, veetilo udin provinceloni sloven matlade minoritylu mariyu bolzano kante bhinnamaina provinceulalo nivasistunna german janabha (walser, mocheni mariyu simbri) unnaayi. friuli-venezia giulia mariyu sardinialo ippudu gurtimpu pondina konni minority samuuhaalu ippatike tama sonta praantiiya chattalanu andinchaayi. pannendu chaaritraka minoritylaku chendina rendu millionla mandhi prajalalo (sardinian sankhya paramgaa atipeddadi) 400.000 kante takkuva mandhi prajalu raashtravyaapta rakshananu pondaarani anchanaa veyabadindi.
1960laloe, italian paarlamentu chivariki desham yokka praathamika saasanapatram yokka gatamlo nirlakshyam cheyabadina aartikalnu vartimpajeyaalani nirnayinchindi. aaa vidhamgaa paarlamentu bhasha alpasankhyakulugaa gurtinchavalasina samuuhaalanu gurtinchadaaniki mariyu vaatini chaerchadaaniki gala kaaranaanni marinta vivarinchadaaniki "mugguru rushula kamitee" nii niyaminchindi. naaminee cheyabadina vyaktulu tullio dii mouro, geovan batista pellegrini mariyu alessandro pizzoraso, mugguru pramukha vyaktulu, vaaru bhaashaashaastram mariyu nyaya siddhaantam rendinti rangamlo vaari jeevitakaala parisoedhana kaaryakalaapaalato tamanu taamu vaeru chesukunnaru. bhasha, chaaritraka mariyu maanavasaastraparamaina pariseelanala aadhaaramgaa, nipunulu chivariki padamudu samuuhaalanu empika chesaaru, prastutam gurtinchabadina pannenduku anugunamgaa sinty mariyu roman matlade janabha marinta perigindi. avasaramaina praadaesikata laeni, anduvalla pratyeka chattam avasaramayye sanchaara prajalu minaha, asalu jabita aamodinchabadindi. ayithe, saasanasabha thana panini konasaginchabotunnappudu musaida chattanni roopondinche samsthalaku samarpinchabadindi, mariyu maroka saari aamodinchaalsi vachindi. italian bhasha ekaruupata" anae vistrutamgaa unna puraanaanni savaalu cheyadaaniki vimukhatato, eee billu tadupari anni saasanasabhala pratighatananu edurkondi, mariyu 1999loe matrame idhi chivariki aamodinchabadindi, chattamgaa maarindi. chivariki, chaaritraka bhasha alpasankhyaakulu chattam namm. 482/1999 (1999, n. 482, kala. 2, cama 1 ").
aaa chattam yokka konni vivaranalu pannendu minority bhashalanu rendu samuhaluga vibhajinchinatlu anipistundi, modatidi latin matlade janabha (catalan matlade janabha minaha) mariyu rendavadi srungaaram matlade janabha matrame. konni itara vivaranalu konni samuuhaalanu matrame "jaateeya minoritylu" gaa pariganinchi, marinta vyatyaasam soochinchabadutundani paerkontunnaayi. aspashtamaina padajaalamtho sambandham lekunda, mottam pannendu samuuhaalaku saanketikamgaa oke rakshana charyalanu anumatinchaalani bhaavistaaru; antekakunda, 1997loe italii santakam chesi, aamodinchina jaateeya minorityla rakshana kosam framework convention, 1999 jaateeya chattam dwara perkonna mottam pannendu samuuhaalaku vartistundi, anduvalla freulianlu, sardinianlu, oxytonlu, laudins modalaina vaaritho sahaa., romany jodimputho.
aacharanalo, pannendu chaaritraka bhasha alpasankhyaakulalo prati okkariki oke vidhamaina pariganana ivvabadadu. vaarandaruu ippatikee italianlo kalisipovadaniki balamaina saamaajika ottidini edurkontunnaru, mariyu vaarilo kondariki adhikaarika prayojanaala kosam vistrutamgaa gurtinchabadina pramaanam kooda ledhu. vaastavaaniki, antarjaateeya oppandaala kaaranamgaa, iosta loyalo french matlade minoritylaku mariyu dakshina tyrol looni german minorityki matrame atyunnata sthaayi rakshananu ivvaalsina avasaram undhi. udaaharanaku, samsthaagata websitelu italian chhambar off deputies yokka french version vanti konni minahaayimpulato matrame italian bhaashalo unnaayi. maajee pradhana mantri marrio monty mantrivargam pratipaadinchina oka billu pannendu chaaritraka bhasha minorityla madhya oka vibhinnamaina chikitsanu adhikarikamga pravesapettindi, idhi "videshee matrubhasha" (austria, france mariyu sloveniatho oppandaala dwara rakshinchabadina samuuhaalu) mariyu "vichitramaina mandalikam" (migataa anni) unnavaari madhya thedaanu chooputundi. eee billu taruvaata amalu cheyabadindi, conny rajyanga nyayasthaanam rajyanga viruddhamgaa bhaavinchindi.
european sthaayilo gurtimpu.
italii praantiiya ledhaa alpasankhyaaka bhashala kosam european charterpy santakam chesindi, conny oppandaanni aamodinchaledu, anduvalla praantiiya bhashalanu rakshinche daani nibandhanalu desamlo vartinchavu.
ayithe, vyakteekaranalo thedaalu yea samayamlo pratyeka bhashaku daariteestaayo charter sthaapinchadu, dheenini "tarachugaa vivaadaaspada samasya" gaa bhaavistundi mariyu puurtigaa bhasha pramaanaalu kakunda, "manasika, saamaajika mariyu raajakeeya parigananalu" kooda parigananaloki teesukovalasina avasaranni perkondi.
parirakshana sthithi.
unesco yokka atlas off dhi varald longuages prakaram, italeelo 31 antarinchipothunna bhashalu unnaayi. pramaada sthaayini 'surakshitam' (surakshita bhashalu atlaslo cherchabadavu) nundi 'antarinchipoyina' (matladevaru lenappudu) varaku vividha vargalalo vargeekarinchaaru.
bhashala pampinheeki muulam prapanchamlooni bhashala atlas, vaerae vidhamgaa perkonakapothe, mariyu pratyaekamgaa italeeni suuchistumdi.
vargeekarana.
italeeki chendina anni sajeeva bhashalu indo-european bhasha kutumbamlo bhaagamgaa unnaayi.
vaatini srungaara bhashaluga mariyu srungaara rahita bhashaluga vibhajinchavachhu. italeelooni srungaara bhashala vargeekarana vivadaspadamga undhi, mariyu ikkada saadhaaranamgaa aamodinchabadina vargeekarana vyavasthalalo rendu jabita cheyabaddaayi.
srungaara bhashalu.
 areal mariyu konni typological lakshanaala prakaram vividha srungaara bhashalanu samoohapariche aadhaaramgaa italeelooni srungaara bhashala vargeekarananu pratipaadinchaaru. eee krindi aidu bhasha praantaalanu gurtinchavachhuh
eee krindi vargeekarana pratipaadinchabadindih
bhougolika pampinhee.
uttara italii.
uttara italian bhashalanu saampradayakamgaa laa spezia-rimini rekhaku uttaraana matlade srungaara bhashaluga nirvachinchaaru, idhi tuscanyki uttaraana uttara appennine parvataala gundaa velutundi; ayithe, italeeki vaayuvya disalo matlade ositanian mariyu franco-provensal maandalikaalu (udhaa.zii. iosta loyaloni valdotain) saadhaaranamgaa minahayinchabaddayi. eee bhashala vargeekarana kashtam mariyu angeekarinchabadaledu, endukante bhashala madhya vaividhyaalu mariyu avi dakshinaana itaalo-romans bhashalu mariyu vaayuvyamlo gaalo-romans bhaashalatho vividha rakaala isogloselanu panchukuntaayi.
oka saadhaarana vargeekarana eee bhashalanu naalugu samuhaluga vibhajistundihi
atuvanti vargeekarana edainaa praathamika samasyaga maarutundi, uttara italii antataa oka mandalikam konasagimpu undhi, e madhya matlade maandalikaala nirantara parivartanatho.zii. venetian mariyu laudin, ledhaa venetian mariyu emilio-romagnolo (saadhaaranamgaa gaalo-italianga pariganistaaru).
eee bhashalanni mottam srungaara bhashalaku sambandhinchi vinuutnamainavigaa pariganinchabadataayi, konni gaalo-italian bhashalu praamaanika french (saadhaaranamgaa srungaara bhaashalalo atyanta dhvanyaatmakamgaa vinuutnamainavigaa pariganinchabadataayi) vale daadaapu teevra dhwanisastra maarpulanu kaligi untaayi. idhi vaatini praamaanika italian nundi gananeeyamgaa vaeru chestundi, idhi daani dhvanisaastramlo chaalaa sampradaayabaddhamainadi (mariyu daani padanirmaana saastramlo mukhyamgaa sampradaayabaddhamainadi).
dakshina italii mariyu dveepaalu.
unesco yokka atlas off dhi varald longuages prakaram, pramaadamloo unna sardinia mariyu dakshina italii praantiiya bhashala sumaru pampineeh
oka saadhaarana vargeekarana eee bhashalanu rendu samuhaluga vibhajistundihi
eee bhashalanni mottam srungaara bhashalaku sambandhinchi sampradayavadamga pariganinchabadataayi, vaatilo annintikante sardinian atyanta sampradaayavaada bhasha.
praamaanika vraata roopaalu.
[all] chaalaa varaku anni italian maandalikaalu madhya yugaalalo, paripalana, mataparamaina mariyu tarachugaa kalaatmaka prayojanaala kosam vrayabadinappatiki", sthaanika bhasha yokka upayogam saileekruta tuscanku daariteesindi, chivariki italian anie paeru pettabadindi. sthaanika bhashalu ippatikee appudappudu vrayabadutunnayi, conny italeelooni eee krindi praantiiya bhashalu matrame praamaanika vraata roopaanni kaligi unnaayi. idhi vistrutamgaa aamodinchabadavachu ledhaa marinta saampradaaya vraatapuurvaka roopaalatho paatu upayoginchabadavachuh

