
handkey utriformis

handkey utriformis, "lycoperdon utriform", "lycoperdon kelatam" ledhaa "kalwatia utriformis" kuu paryaayapadamgaa, puffball kutumbam lycoperdasiaku chendina oka jaathi. idhi chaalaa pedda puttagodugu, idhi vedalpu mariyu etthu varaku kolatalu cherukovacchu. dheenini saadhaaranamgaa mosaic puffball anie pilustaaru, idhi bahubhujakara aakarapu vibhaagaalanu suuchistumdi, idhi pandla sareeram yokka bayati uparitalam paripakvam chendutunnappudu abhivruddhi chendutundi. uttara samasheetoshna mandalaalo vistrutamgaa vyaapinchi, idhi pacchika bayallu mariyu isukatho kuudina pradaesaalaloo tarachugaa kanipistundi, mariyu chinnatanamlo tinadaginadi. "hetch. utriformis "aneka bacteriaku vyatiraekamgaa antibiatic charyanu kaligi undhi, mariyu raagi mariyu jink yokka jadalanu saapekshamgaa adhika saandratalaku jeeva sanchayam cheyagaladu.
vargeekarana.
eee puffballnu modata 1790loe french vrukshashaastragnudu zeane baptist francois pierry bulliard "lycoperdon utriform" gaa varninchaaru, appati nundi, dheenini "bovista", "lycoperdon", "kalwatia" mariyu "utraria" jaatulalo vividha rakaluga unchaaru. 1989loe, german mycologist hohns chrysell "handkey" jaatini vibhina suukshma lakshanaalanu kaligi unna "kalvatia" jaatulanu chaerchadaaniki vivarinchaaduh "handkey" jaatulu oka pratyaekamaina rakamaina capilitium (glebalo mutaka mandapati godala haifa) kaligi untaayi, saadhaarana randhraalaku badulugaa vampu cheelikalu untaayi. kontamandi rachayitalu angeekarinchinappatiki, eee jaathi bhavananu itarulu tiraskarinchaaru.
gatamlo, eee jaatini (dheenini "kalvatia utriformis" anie pilicheevaaru) moodu rakaluga vibhajinchaaru ("sii. utriformis varr. "utriformis", sii. utriformis varr. "hangarika" mariyu "sii. utriformis varr. "gruberry") anedi exoperidium (goda yokka bayati kanajaala pora ledhaa peridium) mariyu beejaamsaala alankaranalo vyatyaasaala aadhaaramgaa untundi. ayithe, 1997loe eee paatralapai jaripina adhyayanam eee moodu rakalanu spashtamgaa gurtinchaledani velladinchindi. namuunaalanu pandinche paryaavarana paristhitulalo vaividhyaalu eee lakshanaala abhivruddhini prabhaavitam chestayani eee adhyayanam mariyu itarulu suuchistunnaaru.
2008loe prachurinchabadina phylogenetic vislaeshanhalu "handkey" nuu "lycoperdon", "vassellum", "morganella", "bovistella" mariyu "kalwatia" vanti aneka itara jaatula jaatulato paatu oka jaatilo vargeekarinchavacchani chuupistunnaayi. adhe samvatsaramlo prachurinchabadina daani 2 rdna transcript yokka nirmaanam yokka maroka dna vislaeshanha "hetch" anie dhruveekarinchindi. utriformis "lycoperdon echinatum" thoo daggari sambandham kaligi untundi.
vivarana.
anni puffballs maadirigaane, "handkey utriformis" loe gasteroid basidiocarp untundi, antey bijaamsaalu antargatamgaa utpatti avtayi, mariyu pandlu pandinche shareera vayassu mariyu endipoyinappudu ledhaa viriginapudu matrame vidudala avtayi. yuva puffballs saadhaaranamgaa tellani ledhaa laetha buudida-godhuma rangulo untaayi; paripakvatalo idhi vedalpu mariyu etthu kolatalanu pondavacchu. exoperidam tomentose-chakkati myaat ventrukala poratho dattamgaa kappabadi untundi. eee jaathi daani saadhaarana paeru "mosaic puffball" nuu pandla sareeram paripakvam chendutunnappudu abhivruddhi chendutunna eguva mariyu vaipula mosaic namuunaa nundi mariyu bayati goda ("exoperidium") bahubhujakara patchesga vidipotundi. puffball diguva bhaagam rhizomarf anie piluvabade haife yokka muulaala vanti kuurpu dwara bhoomiki jodinchabadutundi. idhi kanipinche chota kuurchuni, sumaru pier aakaaramlo untundi, saadhaaranamgaa vedalpu kante podavugaa undadu. maamsam (glayba, ledhaa beejaamsam mose dravyarashi) chinnatanamlo tellagaa untundi, conny paripakvata tarvaata godhuma rangulo mariyu podigaa maarutundi. eguva charmam chivariki puffball kanipinchina vaaralu ledhaa nelala tarvaata kooda vichchinnamavutundi, mariyu godhuma rangu bijaamsaalu gaaliloki vidudala cheyabadataayi; eee prakriya tarachugaa varsham valla ledhaa pasuvulachae nadapabadatam dwara vegavantam cheyabadutundi. chivariki, konnisaarlu neetini pattukogala sterile cup aakarapu bays matrame migili untundi. eee lakshanam nirdishta visaeshanhaaniki muulam ayi undavacchu, endukante "utrarius" antey laatinlo 'neeti vaahaka'.
suukshmadarshini lakshanaalu.
hetch" yokka bijaamsaalu. utriformis "sumaruga golakaramlo, mruduvaina, mandapati godalatho, oke chamuru binduvutoe untaayi. avi 4.5-5.5 μm kolatalu kaligi untaayi.
ilanti jaatulu.
aneka puffball jaatulu "hetch" nuu pooli untaayi. utriformis, "kalwatia cythipharmis" thoo sahaa, c. booniana ", mariyu" sii. pachiderma ". "kalvatia cythipharmis" oka mruduvaina exoperidiumtho oodaa rangu glebanu kaligi untundi; "c. booniana "loe anubhootini pooli unde exoperidium untundi ledhaa" hetch "vanti mruduvaina" ventrukalu "kaligi untundi. utriformis "conny kaandam ledhu mariyu sinus pits kante gundramgaa unde capilitium kaligi untundi;" sii. pachiderma "anedi" hetch "kante mandamgaa mariyu sunnitamgaa unde exoperidiumnu kaligi untundi. utriformis ".
pampinhee mariyu aavasalu.
"handkey utriformis" vistrutamgaa vyaapinchindi, mariyu uttara samasheetoshna mandalaalo tarachugaa untundi. idhi airopa, khandantara asea, japan, thoorpu atlantic uttara america, mexico mariyu dakshinaafrikaalo kanipistundi. idhi chilly mariyu nyoojilaandlo kooda sekarinchabadindi. ontarigaa ledhaa chinna samoohaalalo perige idhi isukatho kuudina bahiranga pacchika bayallu ledhaa pacchika bayallaku anukuulamgaa untundi mariyu tarachugaa theera praantaalalo kanipistundi. idhi saadhaaranamgaa vesavi nundi saradrutuvu chivari varaku (yukelo juulai-november) pandutundi.
tinadaginadi.
eee chaalaa pedda puffball beejaamsam kaligina maamsam chinnadigaa mariyu tellagaa unnappudu matrame tinadaginadi. dheeniki aakruti ledani, mariyu yuva falaalu ichhe sareeraala ruchi mariyu vaasana "vilakshanamainadi kaadu" anie varninchabadindi. vividha tinadagina lycoperdesi jaatula kovvu aamlam kuurpu gurinchi 2007loe jaripina adhyayanam "hetch" yokka lipid kantentnu nirnayinchindi. utriformis "chaalaa takkuvagaa untundi, sumaru 1.8% (tadi baruvu). kovvu aamlam ekkuvagaa linoleic aamlam (42.4%), olic aamlam (23 saatam), pommitic aamlam (12.2%), mariyu stearic aamlam (3.6 saatam); vividha golusu podavulu mariyu asantrupta sthaayila 17 itara kovvu aamlalu mottam kovvu aamlam kuurpuku dohadapaddayi.
antibiatic karyakalapalu.
aneka lycoperdacy yokka antimicrobial activitypai 2005loe jaripina adhyayanamlo "basillus subtilis", "escherichia kolai", "clebcla pneumonia", "sudomonas eruginosa", "salmonella typhimurium", "staphylococcus arius", "streptococcus piogenes" mariyu "mycobacterium smegmattis" vanti aneka bacterialaku vyatiraekamgaa "handkey utriformis" "gananeeyamgaa churukuga" undani velladaindi. marovaipu, "hetch. utriformis "kandida albicons", "rodotorula rubra" mariyu "cluveromyces fragilis" jaatulaku vyatiraekamgaa takkuva anty fangal charyanu kaligi untundi.
bioacumulation.
28 ververu rakaala tinadagina puttagodugulalo raagi mariyu jink saandratalapai chesina adhyayanam "hetch" anie choopinchindi. utriformis "pareekshinchina anni itara puttagodugula kante raagi (kilograamuku mii. graa raagi) mariyu jink (mii. graa. jdn/kii. graa. puttagodugu) rendintinee adhika sthaayiki bioacumulated chesindi. eee trace elements manavulaku mukhyamaina poeshaka avasaralu ayinappatikee, mariyu "hetch" anie rachayitalu gamaninchaaru. utriformis "eee muulakaalaku manchi muulamgaa pariganhinchabadavacchu, puttagodugula nundi muulakaala shoshana (jeeva labhyata)" chinna pregu nundi parimita shoshana kaaranamgaa takkuvagaa untundi ".