kotta yuddha vimaanaala project

kotta yuddha vimaanaala project (nfa) anedi 1970la chivaralo chepattina kenada rakshana sekarana project, dheenilo jaateeya rakshana vibhagam (dnd) kenadian dalaalalo cf-101 vuuduu, cf-104 starfiter mariyu cf-116 swaatantrya samara vimaanaala naukala sthaanamlo oke kotta yuddha vimananni enchukundi.
eee project kosam aneka vimanalanu pariseelinchaaru, idhi vividha vibhagala madhya ververu vimaanaalaku anukuulamgaa unnanduna samakhya prabhutva sekarana sibbandilo kontha antargata gharshanaku daariteesindi. prabhutvamlo aneka maarpulu unnappatikee, 1977 marchi 17naa praarambhamaina kontha vivaadaaspada empika prakriya taruvaata, 1980 april 10naa nfa project vijaetagaa mcdonnell douglus eff/eah-18 hornet empika cheyabadindi. kenadian dalaala air command (ippudu raayal kenadian air fores anie pilustaaru) dwara cf-18 hornetga niyaminchabadindi, 1982 mariyu 1988 madhya mottam 138 vimanalu pampinhee cheyabaddaayi.
charitra.
nepathyam.
kenadian dalaalalo vaayu vanarulu 1960la chivaralo mariyu 1970la praarambhamlo sudeerghakaalam nirlakshyam mariyu taggimputoe badhapaddayi, idhi vaari sainika parikaraala vruddhaapyaaniki daariteesindi. 1970la praarambhamlo eee asamatulyatanu parishkarinchadaaniki prabhutvam daani naato mitraraajyaala nundi perugutunna ottidiki guraindi. kenada yokka padava jaateeya sadassu yokka paalaka liberal party 1970la praarambhamlo rakshana budget taggimpulanu tippikotte vidhananni mariyu mottam kenadian dalaala nirmaanamloo aadhuneekarana prakriya prarambhanni chusina taruvaata eee kaalam november september mugisindi; idhi september september oka nirnayaanni anusarinchindi, idhi kenadian dalaalalooni anni vaayu vanarulanu air command (aircom) anae kotta samsthalo vileenam chesindi. gatha aidellalo sainika muuladhana vyayam takkuvagaa unnanduna, dalaalanu aadhuneekarinchadam khareedaina prakriya avutundi. pratishtaatmaka karyakramam kosam aardhika vyayaanni tagginchadaaniki, 1977 nundi 1982 varaku aidella kaalamlo vyaktigata sekarana prajectula shrenini vistarinchaalani pratipaadinchaaru.
pratipaadinchaaru, kenadian dalaalaku naalugu praathamika sainika vidhulu appaginchabaddaayi; norrod loe bhaagamgaa uttara america yokka vaayu rakshana, neetilo bhaagamgaa jalaantargaami nirodhaka mariyu uttara atlanticlo sambandhita vidhulu, paschima airopalo naato yokka mottam bhuu-shakti nirmaanamloo oka chinna paatra, mariyu oka brigedto norwaynu balopetam cheyadamlo pratyeka paatra mariyu aaa missionku avasaramaina anni gaali, samudram mariyu itara maddatu (samishtiga "cast" anie pilustaaru). vimaana ravana minaha, eee panulannintikee parikaraalu levani bhaavinchaaru.
aaru sekarana prajectulu 1970la chivarilo upgraded prakriya yokka prarambha kendramgaa marai. maritime command (marcom) kosam oka kotta "long range petrolling aircraft project" (lrpa) vaari jalaantargaami nirodhaka saamardhyaalanu natakeeyamgaa penchutundi, ayithe kotta "petrolling frigate project" iteevala sekarinchina mariyu atyanta saamarthyam kaligina vatiki anubandhamgaa untundi. fores mobile command kii paatha centurian sthaanamlo kotta pradhana yuddha tank, alaage kotta command mariyu logistics vahanalu avasaram. paschima airopalo kenada yokka bhuu dalaalaku maddatu ivvadaaniki kotta vyuuhaatmaka bhuu daadi vimanam avasaranni fores mobile command gurtinchindi, ayithe kottagaa srushtinchabadina air kamaandku vaari perugutunna kaalaaniki chendina yuddha mariyu antaraaya vimaanaala sekarananu bharti cheyadaaniki kotta vimanam avasaram. antar-sevala praadhaanyatalu twaragaa nirnayinchabaddaayi.
modatagaa long range petrolling aircraft project (lrpa), chivariki pii-3 orean yokka savarinchina version ayina lockheed sipi-140 auroraatho nindi undhi. lrpa project samayamlo talettina samasyalu mukhyamgaa itara sekarana kaaryakramaalaku aandolana kaliginchaayi. lrpa project modatlo 1975 novemberlo orean loe sthirapadindi, ayithe, eee project taruvaata teedeeloo tirigi sthaapinchabadataaniki mundu, mae mariyu raddu cheyabadindi. october sarafara mariyu sevala mantri zeane-pier goyar, eee amsampai tananu uddeshapoorvakamgaa tappudova pattinchaarani, idhi apavaadu daavaaku daariteesindani paerkonnaaru. vividha vibhagala madhya communicationlu vichchinnam kaavadamtho budget abhyardhana prarambha kharchulalo avasaramaina daanikante $300 millionlu takkuvagaa undataaniki daariteesindi, idhi servies entreeni alasyam chesindi. lrpa project yokka ibbandulanu jodistuu, sekarana prakriya phalitamgaa vividha "avasaramaina lakshanaalu" jodinchabaddaayi, idhi vimanam yokka sensor suutnu gananeeyamaina kharchutho savarinchadaaniki daariteesindi, eee samasyanu sainika vargalalo "goaled plating" anie pilustaaru.
nfa.
prabhutva jaateeya rakshana vibhagam (dnd) praadhaanyatala jaabitaalo kotta adhika-paniteeru gala yuddha vimanam avasaram tadupari sthaanamlo undhi. lrpa prajectulo samasyalu inca konasaagutunnanduna, nfa project eee samasyalanu anni vidhaluga nivaarinchadam atyavasaram. lrpa project phalitamgaa samasyalu konasagithe kottagaa perigina budgetnu dnd nirvahinchalekapoyindani teevramaina aandolana undhi. eee sandarbhamlo, konugolu prakriyapai vaari disanu tolaginchavacchu ledhaa kaneesam rankullo oka prakampanaanni edurkovachhu. nfa project taruvaata ventane kotta kenadian petrolling frigate project (cpf) untundi, mariyu nfa project lrpa project maadirigaane samasyalanu edurkonte, cpf project budget parimitulu, taggimpu ledhaa sambhaavya raddutoe baadhapadavachhu.
eee avakaasaalanu nivaarinchadaaniki, nfa project kosam aneka kotta vidhaanaalanu amalu chesindi, idhi sthirapadina budgetnu anusarinchela chudalani lakshyamgaa pettukundi. okadaaniki, lrpa dharanu penchina "goaled plating" samasyalanu nivaarinchadaaniki, enchukunna yea vimanam ayina puurtigaa "shelf nundi" undaali anie nfa project demand chesindi. adanamgaa, nfa project "anni" kharchulu, sikshana, vidibhagalu, federal department off financeku chellinchaalsina 12 saatam digumati pannulu mariyu vaaru eee karyakramam kosam kharchu chesina parisoedhana mariyu abhivruddhini bharti cheyadaaniki videshee prabhutvaaniki chellinchaalsina evaina saaruupya rusumulanu kaligi unna budgetnu abhyardhistundi.
chivaraku, mugguru vaataadaarulu tama avasaralanu sekaranalo nyayamga samarpinchela chuudataaniki oka nfa project karyalayanni erpaatu chesaaru. lrpa project kinda sainika sekarananu samanvayam cheyadaaniki baadhyata vahinche vividha vibhagalu dndki nivedinchabaddaayi, ayithe, nfa project kinda vaarandaruu kotta nfa project karyalayam (nfa/poe) nuu saha-nirvahinchaaru. idhi dnd yokka saanketika avasaralu federal department off supply und services (dss) yokka budgetnu ledhaa federal department off industry, trade und commers (ditc) kii avasaramaina paarisraamika prayojanaala pyaakaejeeni adhigaminchavani nirdhaarinchindi. nfa project kosam pariganinchabade moodu pratipaadita vimanalu sahacharuluga pariganinchabadataayi, mariyu nfa project sibbandi panini federal department off external affires, treasury board off kenada secretariot mariyu prevy council kaaryaalayaaniki chendina deputy ministerlu mariyu senior bureaucratla brundam paryaveekshistundi.
empika prakriya.
prastuta air com naukaadalamloo norrod framework lopala vidhula kosam praathamika anni-vaataavarana interceptorga cf-101 vuuduu, airopalo modati roeju yuddha mariyu vyuuhaatmaka daadi vimanamga cf-104 starfiter mariyu cf-116 swaatantrya samarayodhudu bahula paatralalo rendintinee bharti chesaaru. 1970la chivari natiki vuuduu paatadigaa pariganinchabadindi mariyu daani tube-aadhaarita electronics kaaranamgaa nirvahinchadaaniki mariyu nirvahinchadaaniki khareedainadigaa maarindi. daani praathamika vyavasthalu-kshipanulu, radar ledhaa enginelu-ippatikee kenadian dalaalu ledhaa daani mitraraajyaalalo itara kaaryaacharana vimanalalo upayoginchabadaledu, mariyu vidibhaagaalanu moth balled unitla nundi teesukovalasi vachindi. cf-104 starfiter vaastavaaniki cf-101 voodooki pratiroopam mariyu idhi natolo chaalaa sainika aalochanalaku aadharam ayinappudu anhu-daadi paatranu kooda pooshinchindi. 1971 nundi kenadian dalaala anvaayudhaala paatra vidichipettabadindi, appati nundi cf-104 starfiter thana mission pradhanamgaa takkuva sthaayi strike paatraku maarindi, idhi pratyaekamgaa saripoledu. cf-116 swaatantrya samarayodhudu chaalaa aadhunikamainadi, conny chaalaa saralamaina vimanam, idhi pradhanamgaa sahayaka telikapati strike paatralo upayogapadutundi.
nfa project yokka lakshyam emitante, ippatike unna naukaadalam yokka anni paatralanu poorinchagala oke bahulardhasadhaka vimananni enchukovadam, adhe samayamlo kaaryaacharana kharchulanu tagginchadam mariyu labhyata mariyu saamarthyaanni meruguparachadam. meruguparachadam sekarinchina padihenu samvatsaraalalo, enginelu, aerodynamics mariyu mukhyamgaa mission electronicslo gananeeyamaina purogati jarigindi, eee paatralannintinii oke bahula-paatra vimaanamlo kalapadaniki anumatinchindi. ituvanti aneka namuunaalanu prapanchavyaaptamgaa vaimanika dalaalu pravesapettina prakriyaloo unnaayi. united states air fores (usaf) kosam eff-16 fighting faalkannu utpatti chesina united stateslo iteevala telikapati faitar (eldabluef) project pratyeka aasaktini kaliginchindi, idhi bahumukha pragna kaligina vimanam, idhi prapanchavyaaptamgaa unna itara vaimanika dalaala nundi arderlu vaegamgaa utpatti chesindi, dheenini american public broadcaster pbs "sataabdapu ammakam" gaa abhivarninchindi."
1977 septembarulo nfa project karyalayam naalugu-valuemla abhyardhana pratipaadanalanu (rfp) prachurinchindi, prati valume aasakti unna oka praantaanni vivaristundi. veetilo saanketika lakshanaalu, pramaada taggimpu, kharchulu, paarisraamika prayojana karyakramam mariyu oppanda baadhyatalu unnaayi. tadupari nirnayamlo, nfa project budget 130 nundi 150 vimaanaala madhya konugolu cheyadaaniki sumaru $2.34 biliyanlaku parimitam cheyabadindi, aadarsamgaa budget lopala saadhyamainanta ekkuva. idhi vimaanaala sankhya taggudalanu suuchistumdi; 66 cf-101 vuuduu mariyu 200 cf-104 starfiter vimanalu sagam kante takkuva nfa vimaanaalato bharti cheyabaddaayi. 1977 november 27naa nfa budgetnu mantrimandali adhikarikamga aamodinchindi.
avasaralaku saripoye vimanalanu kaligi unna aaru companylaku rfp pampabadindi; grummon aerospace corporation yokka eff-14 tamcat, mcdonnell douglus corporation yokka eff-15 eegil mariyu eff/eah-18, northrope corporation yokka yokka (joint northrope mariyu mcdonnell douglus eff/eah-18 yokka northrope-matrame strip-down version), general dynamic corporation yokka eff-16, dassault-bregute yokka miraj miraj mariyu panavia sudigaali. adhika konugolu dharala kaaranamgaa nfa project eff-14, eff-15 mariyu sudigaalini twaragaa tolaginchindi. paniteeru paramgaa itarulatoe pootii padalekapoyinanduna miraj miraj upasamharinchabadindi, ayithe, dassault-breguet daani sthaanamlo miraj 2000 nuu pratipaadinchindi. eee pratipaadananu nfa project vidhinchina fibravari 1,1978 cutt-off thedhee natiki andukoledu, anduvalla october, nfa project kevalam moodu vimanalanu matrame jabita chesindi; eff-16, yokka mariyu eff/eah-18.
oka pootiidaaru tolaginchabaddaadu.
eff/eah-18 northrope eff-17 kobraga jeevitaanni praarambhinchindi, idhi eldabluef pootii samayamlo marketlo pratyaksha pootiidaaru. united states naavikaadalam vaari wiffox project kinda kotta bahula-paatrala yuddha jett paie aasaktini vyaktam chesinappudu, united states congress badulugaa viphaaksnu raddu chesi, yuu.ess. naavikaadalam "naevii air kambat faitar project" (nacf) anae kotta karyakramam kinda eldabluef vimanalalo okadaanni upayogistundi. tadanugunamgaa, yuu.ess. arrester huklu, catapult baarlu, madata rekkalu mariyu natakeeyamgaa balopetam cheyabadina landing gair mariyu fuselagetho sahaa vividha carrier aadhaarita lakshanaalatoo kuudina rendu vimaanaala versionla kosam naavikaadalam pratipaadanalanu korindi. maroka avasaram emitante, iteevali naavikaadala vimaana anubhavam unna companylu pravaesaalanu nirminchaalsi untundi, ayithe, saadhaarana dynamics ledhaa northrope kontakaalamgaa carrier vimananni nirminchaledu. savarinchina design kosam iddaroo itara companylatho bhagaswamyam chesukunnaru; chesukunnaru; anie pilavabade daani kosam ling-tenco-vote thoo saadhaarana dynamics, mariyu eff/eah-18 gaa maare daani kosam mcdonnell daglasto northrope.
yuu. ess. upayoginche yuddha vimaanaala aneka lakshanaalalo okati.ess. vaahaka kaaryakalaapaalaku avasaramaina naukaadalam vaari enginelanu twaragaa puurti saktitoe "spool up" cheyagala saamarthyam. vimanam carrierpy digadaaniki prayatnistunnappudu arrester vairlanu miss ayithe, adhi samayaniki aagadaaniki maargam ledhu mariyu chuttoo tiragadaaniki ventane saktini jodinchaali. idhi chinna aandolana kaadu; atuvanti landingku daani swantha paeru, "boulter" undatam chaalaa saadhaaranamgaa jarugutundi. saadhaaranamgaa cheppalante, oka injinnu spool cheyagala raetu dadapuga daani cross-sectional parimaanam yokka vidhi, kabatti oka peddadaaniki badulugaa rendu chinna enginelanu amarchina okelanti vimanam saadhaaranamgaa chaalaa merugaina thoretal pratispandananu kaligi untundi. eee kaaranamgaa, itarulatoe paatu, yuu.ess. naavikaadalam modati nundi eff-18 yokka rendu enginela leavutnu ishtapadindi mariyu mariyu nacf project vijaetagaa empika chesindi.
rendu companylu eff/eah-18 kosam dalaalalo cherinappudu, oppandamlo bhaagamgaa northrope eff/eah-18 yokka bhuu-aadhaarita samskarananu abhivruddhi chestundi, idhi naukaadala parikaraalanu tolaginchi, air framenu teelika chestundi. phalitamgaa vacchina yokka untundi kante 30 saatam teelikagaa undhi, takeoff baruvuku viruddhamgaa mariyu phalitamgaa gananeeyamgaa merugaina paniteeru mariyu paridhini kaligi undhi. lekapothe, vimanam 80 saataaniki paiga saaruupyata kaligi untundi, mariyu adhe utpatti margallo nirminchabadutundi. naukaadala samskaranalu (eff/eah-18 hornet) 60 saatam mcdonnell mariyu 40 saatam northrope dwara nirminchabadataayi, ayithe bhuu samskaranalu eee erpaatunu tippikodataayi.
yuu laaga.ess. kenadian dalaala air command (aircom) yokka eguva eguva sthaayilu ayina naavikaadalam kooda rendu enginelatho kuudina vimananni kaligi undataaniki anukuulamgaa undhi, ayithe vividha kaaranaala valla. adanamgaa, medium-range lakshyam-7 picchuka gaali nundi gaaliki kshipanini prayoginchagala saamarthyam gurinchi aircom mondigaa undhi. modata oohinchinatlugaa swalpa-shreni "dogfiter" paatraku anugunamgaa, eff-16 falcon ledhaa yf-17 cobra picchukaku maddatu ivvaledu. yuu.ess. vimanalu mariyu anty shipping kshipanula rendinti yokka suduura antaraayamlo unnanduna, yuddha-nundi-yuddha poraatampai vaariki takkuva aasakti unnanduna, naavikaadalam kooda picchukaku maddatu korindi. eldabluef prajectloni rendu vimanalu tama naukaadala maarpulalo bhaagamgaa suduura raadaarku maddatu ivvadam gurinchi adhyayanam chesaayi, conny eff-16 savarana eppuduu mackup dasaku minchi munduku saagananduna, eff/eah-18 matrame vaastavaaniki lakshyam-7 maddatunu jodinchindi. idhi modati nundi rendu eff-18 vaeriyantlanu mundanjalo unchindi.
khachitamaina saanketika drukkonam nundi yokka (northrope version) nfa prajectuku merugaina vimanam, paniteeru eff-16, picchuka saamarthyam mariyu kenadian dalaalu ishtapade janta-injin roopakalpanaku samanamga untundi. untundi (mcdonnell-douglus version) thoo poliste, daani takkuva baruvu mariyu phalitamgaa merugaina paridhi kenadaapai vaayu rakshana paatraku kooda chaalaa upayogakaramgaa untundi. kosam laabhadaayakamaina paarisraamika kaaryakramamtho kooda andinchabadindi; rekkalu mariyu thoka vibhaagaalanu nirminchadaaniki carbon mishrama nirmaana paddhatullo pettubadulu pettadamtho sahaa yokka prajectloni pradhana bhaagaalanu kenadaaku taralinchadaaniki northrope angeekarinchindi. aamodinchabadithe, kenada eee bhagalannintiki praadhamika nirmaana pradaesamgaa maarutundi, antey itara deshaala nundi yokka kosam edainaa adanapu arderlu kenadian companylaku pradhana egumati oppandaalaku daariteestaayi.
aascharyakaramgaa, federal department off industry, trade und commers (ditc) kenadian aardhika vyavasthaku paarisraamika prayojanaala kosam yokka pratipaadananu gattiga samarthinchindi. ayithe, nfa project karyalayam yokka asalu bhavanaku viruddhamgaa, jaateeya rakshana vibhagam (dnd) mariyu sarafara mariyu sevala vibhagam (dss) nundi dozenla koddi mandhi sibbandito poliste ditc karyalayamlo iddaru puurti samayam sibbandi matrame unnaaru. itara rendu vargaalu eee pratipaadanapai aandolana vyaktam chesaayi. yokka variant kosam united states nundi arderlu lenanduna, yea utpatti ayina kenadian sekarana mariyu edainaa sambhaavya egumatulapai aadharapadi untundi. aneka itara deshaalu yokka paie idhe vidhamaina aasaktini vyaktam chesaayi, mukhyamgaa grease, turkey, speyin mariyu australia, conny veetilo edhee "khachitamaina vishayam" kaadu."eee oppandaalu jaragakapothe, kenada matrame vimananni nadipedi, idhi puurtigaa aamodayogyam kaadani bhaavistaaru. adevidhamgaa, dss yokka praadhamika aasakti oohinchadagina delivery samaya framelu mariyu budjetlatho kuudina iron-claud oppandaalu, mariyu "off dhi shelf" avasaraniki gattiga maddatu ichindi. anduvalla, october october nfa project karyalayam ditc yokka aandolanalanu adhigaminchi, jaabitaanu eff-16 mariyu untundikuu matrame tagginchindi, eee nirnayaanni federal cabinet 1978 november 23naa aamodinchindi.
aaa samayamlo "sambhaavya" kenadian arder aadhaaramgaa yokka thoo munduku saagadam gurinchi kontha charcha jarigindi. aneka itara vaimanika dalaalu ilanti vimanalanu chuse paniloo unnaayi, mariyu eff-17 nundi nundi marpidi chesetappudu nirvahinchina merugudalalu kosam egumati marketlo marketlo marinta viluvaina potidaarugaa marchai. edemaina, videshee ammakaala kosam kosam pratipaadinchinappudallaa counter aafarlu chese mcdonnell douglus sales team dwara northrope nirantaram tamanu taamu adhigaminchadaanni kanugonnaru. idhi chivariki companyla madhya daavaaku daariteesindi, idhi idhi parishkarinchabadindi, mcdonnell douglus tappu chesinatlu angeekarinchakundaa designku puurti hakkula kosam $50 millionlu chellinchadaaniki angeekarinchaadu. appatiki northrope yokka paie panini muginchindi.
vijaetanu enchukondi.
1978 november 23naa yokka tholagimputho, nfa project daani chivari dasaku cherukundi. tudi nirnayaanni vegavantam cheyadaaniki, nfa project karyalayam tudi nirnayam teesukunna tarvaata okadaanni empika chestamani avagaahanato rendu companylatho oppandaalapai charchalu praarambhinchindi. idhi paarisraamika offset karyakramalapai teevramaina parisoedhanalaku daariteesindi.
european deshaalatho chesina saaruupya erpaatla kaaranamgaa vaari pratipaadanalalo saadhaarana dynamics kontavaraku parimitam cheyabadindi, kenadaatho sahaa 3 va party deshaalaku pampinhee cheyabadina mottam vimanalalo 15 saatam airopalo nirminchaalsi untundani perkondi. idhi adhigaminchalenidi kaadu, conny charchalalo khachitamgaa konni samasyalanu pradarsinchindi.
douglus (mcdonnell douglus erpadataaniki mundu) kontakaalamgaa torranto antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayamlooni maajee avro kenada karmagaralalo disi-9 kosam thoka samavesalanu nirmistunnaaru. vaari paarisraamika offset kaaryakramamlo eee plaantlanu aadhuneekarinchadam mariyu kesi-10 mariyu endi-11 kosam rekkalu, endi-80 kosam rekkalu, empanage mariyu cabin antastulu, alaage eff/eah-18 kosam side panellu mariyu pailanlanu chaerchadaaniki adanapu panini taralinchadam untaayi.
eee pratipaadana dietisiki chaalaa aandolana kaliginchindi, mariyu vaaru charchalalo marinta churukuga maararu. vaari aandolana united states mariyu kenada madhya prastutam unna rakshana utpatti bhaagaswaamya oppandam (dpsa) paie aadharapadi undhi, idhi deshaala madhya sainika vastuvula vaanijya mottaanni samatulyam cheyadaaniki erpaatu cheyabadindi. nfa vanti pradhana sekarana antey united states kenada nundi adhe mottamlo sainika parikaraalanu konugolu cheyalsi vachindi, ledhaa kenadaalo sainika utpatti dwara konugolunu pratyamnaayamgaa bharti cheyalsi vachindi. northap yokka yokka vanti karyakramam puurtigaa sainika swabhaavam kaligi undhi, kabatti kenadaalo edainaa utpatti eee santulananku vyatiraekamgaa lekkinchabadutundi, conny mcdonnell douglus offer ekkuvagaa poura vastuvulalo undedi, veetini vidigaa lekkinchaalsi untundi. vaari disi-9 mariyu disi-10 panini samatulyataku vyatiraekamgaa lekkinchaalani mcdonnell mondigaa unnadu, eee vaikharini kenadiyanlu "pattubattaru" anie abhivarninchaaru. ditc yuu anie aandolana chendindi.ess. eee sandarbhamlo oppandampai tirigi charchalu jarapadaniki ledhaa pedda sainika konugolu cheyadaaniki prabhutvaanni oppinchaalsi untundi. yea empika suutigaa anipinchaledu, bhavishyattulo ditc lavadevilapai bhaaram vesedi.
mcdonnell daglasto charchalu konasagutunnappudu, air kenada thana wide-boddy fleetku jodinchadaaniki lockheed lockheed konugolu chestunnatlu prakatinchindi. idhi mcdonnell douglus yokka cheef executive officer james smith mcdonnelku chaalaa kopam teppinchindi, athanu nfa prajectlo thana company bhagaswamyanni raddu chestaanani vyaktigatamgaa bedirinchaadu. idhi jaragalani dnd mariyu dss korukoledu, mariyu eff-16 mariyu eff/eah-18 vimanalu rendoo nfa project kosam vivaadamloo undaalani korukunnaru. ayithe, nfa prajectunu geluchukovadaaniki eff/eah-18 anukuulamgaa undani suuchimchina nivedika leak ayinappudu eee aandolanalu taruvaata mute cheyabaddaayi, mariyu ditc yokka aandolanalu adhigaminchabadataayani kanipinchindi. phalitamgaa, mcdonnell douglus air kenada konugolu gurinchi chaalaa takkuva matladevaru.
1978 mariyu 1979 antataa oppanda charchalu jarigaayi, rendu samakhya ennikala dwara konasagayi. pratipaadita oppandaalu juun natiki khararu cheyabaddaayi, appudu kenadaaloni kotta pragatiseela sampradaayavaada party alpasankhyaaka prabhutvaanni erpaatu chesindi. oppandaala sudeergha sameeksha taruvaata, december praarambhamlo puurtayimdi. veetini december 14naa santakam cheyataaniki pravesapettaaru, ayithe, 13va teedeena pragatiseela sampradaayavaada prabhutvam aviswaasa teermaanamlo viphalamaindi mariyu nfa project pakkana pettabadindi. taruvaati ennikalaloo kenada liberal party majority prabhutvaaniki ennikayyindi, fibravari 19,1980naa, nfa project kosam adhikaarika charchalu mallee prarambhamayyayi.
eee samayaniki eff/eah-18 vijaeta anie pukaarlu bayatapaddayi, mariyu saadhaarana dynamics empikanu vismarinchadaaniki oka pracharanni praarambhinchindi. vaari paarisraamika kaaryakramamlo bhaagamgaa, bhaagamgaa upayoginche praat & whitney eff 100 enginelu cubecloni praat & whitney kenadaalo nirminchabadataayi, idhi aaa provinsku pedda windfall ayi undedi. marchi chivaralo paalaka party cubecois yokka rene levesk eff-16 nuu enchukoovaalani bahirangamgaa prakatinchaaru, endukante idhi pootiidaarulaina mcdonnell douglus offer kante gananeeyamgaa ekkuva cubechnu andistundi. idhi april 9,1980naa samakhya prabhutvamloni aneka aasaktigala paarteela madhya samavesaniki daariteesindi, mariyu antarioloni samakhya prajectula nundi cubeccu aneka million dollarlanu badilee chesina taruvaata abhyantaraalu adrusyamayyaayi. veetilo, vaanijya enginela kosam turbine fyaan bladelanu utpatti chese cubeclo oka karmagaranni praarambhinchadaaniki general electric angeekarinchindi.
marusati roeju (april 10,1980) eff/eah-18 hornetnu nfa project vijaetagaa adhikarikamga prakatinchaaru. april 16naa 137 vimaanaalaku $2.369 billion (USD) garishta parimiti, mariyu mariyu mugisina kaalamlo kenadaalo mcdonnell Doglas pettubadi pettadaniki c $2.453 billionla paarisraamika pyaakaejeetoo sekarana oppandaalu santakam cheyabaddaayi.
paryavasanalu.
marusati roeju (april 11,1980) federal prabhutvam nfa project kosam vaari empikanu vivarinchadaaniki jaateeya vaartaapatrikalalo varusa prakatanalanu nirvahinchindi. vaadanalu pradhanamgaa oppandam yokka aardhika amsaalapai drushti saarinchaayi. eff/eah-18 hornet yokka adhika unit kharchu unnappatikee, paarisraamika karyakramam mottam kaaryakramaaniki chellinche daanikante ekkuva. kenadian dalaalu jabita chesina empikaku kaaranaalalo viswasaneeyata kosam rendu enginelu (architic saarvabhoumaadhikaaram mariyu neetipai gastee nirvahinchadaaniki avasaramainaviga pariganinchabadataayi), oka adbhutamaina radar sett mariyu eff-14 ledhaa eff-15 kante takkuva kharchu unnaayi. ayinappatikee, kenada vimaana vaahaka noukalu nadapakapoyinappatiki, eee karyakramam gurinchi, mukhyamgaa daani vimaana vaahaka aadhaarita roopakalpana gurinchi patrikalu sandehinchaayi. cbc yokka "idhi jariginatlugaa" gurtinchinatlugaa, eff/eah-18 adanapu indhanaanni mosukellakunda torranto nundi montriyalku kooda egaralekapoyindi.
baahyamgaa kanipinchinappatikii, nfa project kosam eff/eah-18 hornet empika "khachitamaina vishayam" kaadu. oppandam chivari nimisham varaku terichi unchabadindi mariyu empika prakatinchadaaniki mundu varallo kooda maarpulanu chudatam konasaagindi. adanamgaa, iraan viplavam taruvaata vidibhagalu lekapovadam valla vaari naukaadalam nirupayogamgaa padee avakaasaanni edurkontunnanduna, eff-14 daadaapu iraan nundi konugolu cheyabadindi. kenadian doutyavettalu tama enabhai kotta yuddha vimanalanu taggimpu dharalaku vikrayinchamani iranianlanu oppinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru. ayithe, kenadian rayabara karyalayam nundi aruguru american doutyavettalanu iraan nundi akramamga ravana chesina kenadian caper taruvaata charchalu viphalamayyayi.
taruvaati samvatsaraallo eee kaaryakramamlo aneka maarpulu cheyabaddaayi. pedda sankhyalo vimanalanu chaalaa chinna vimanamtho bharti chesinanduku prabhutvam perugutunna vimarsalaku guraindi, idhi airopalo vaari norad paatranu alaage vaari ground attack paatranu andinchadaaniki dalaalanu anumatinchadu. taruvaati nelallo yuu. ess. prabhutvamtho oka oppandam kudirindi, idhi prati vimanam yokka ponduparachabadina aarr & dii kharchula dhara nundi $70 millionlanu tagginchindi, dheeniki badulugaa adhe mottam kharchutho adanapu vimanalanu konugolu chestaanani vaagdaanam chesindi. idhi konugolunu 137 vimaanaalaku penchindi, idhi modata pranaalika chesina daanikante enimidi ekkuva. adhe oppandam etuvanti parisoedhana mariyu abhivruddhi chellinchakundaa adanamgaa 20 "attrition aircraft" konugolu cheyadaaniki kooda anumatinchindi, prati vimaanaaniki $880,000 dharanu tagginchindi.
1982 nundi 1988 varaku mottam 138 vimanalu, cf-188 hornet gaa perkonabaddaayi, kenadaaku pampinhee cheyabaddaayi.

