
patrice dii makmahan

maerii edme patrice maris dii makmahan, marquis dii makmahan, duke dii magenta (; 13 juun 1808-17 october 1893), france marshal anae vishishtata kaligina french general mariyu raajakeeyavetta. athanu 1873 nundi 1875 varaku france rashtra adhipatigaa mariyu 1875 nundi 1879 varaku france adhyakshudiga panicheesaadu.
1870loe germanlaku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina yuddhamlo pradhana french sainyaniki makmahan naayakatvam vahinchaadu. 1870 septembarulo sedon yuddhamlo athanu chikkukuni gayapaddadu, kontavaraku athani gandaragolamaina mariyu anischita vyuuhaatmaka pranaalika kaaranamgaa. makmahan, chakravarthy nepolian III thoo sahaa sainyam germanlaku longipoyindi. aaa vidhamgaa france yuddhamlo odipoyi chakravarthy bahishkarinchabaddaadu. kolukunna taruvaata, mcmahan versiles sainyaniki adhipatigaa niyaminchabaddaadu, idhi 1871 maeloe paris commune tirugubaatunu anachivesi, athani raajakeeya jeevitaaniki vedikanu erpaatu chesindi. 
david bell prakaram, 1873 maeloe theors rajinama chesina taruvaata, jaateeya assemblylo raacharika majority kotta nayakudiga makmahannu roopondinchaaru, simhasananni punaruddharinchadaaniki borban natakudu siddhamgaa unde varaku athanu kotanu pattukuntadane aasatoe. ayithe, chamboard yokka teevramaina chattabaddhata vaikhari punaruddharananu rajakeeyamgaa asadhyamga chesindi. assembleeni balavantamgaa cheyi chejikkinchukune prayatnaalaku maddatu ivvadaaniki makmahan niraakarinchaadu. ayana puurti maddatu lekunte, paarlamentu velupala maargaala dwara racharikanni saadhinchadaaniki maargam ledhu. samuulamaina udyamaanni anachiveyadam dwara, deshaaniki "naitika kramaanni" punaruddharinchadaaniki vidhaanaalanu anusarinchadam dwara samayam sampaadinchadaaniki, vaamapakshaaniki addankigaa panicheyadaaniki makmohannu padaviloe unchadam tappa kudivaipuku vaerae maargam ledhu. 1873 navambarulo ayana edu samvatsaraala padaveekaalam kosam ennikayyaaru. edemaina, raacharikavaadula madhya vibhedaalu makmohannu raajakeeya sankshobhamlo vadilivesayi, dheeniki athanu siddhamgaa laedu, nirvachinchina adhikaralu ledhaa spashtamaina chattabaddhata lekunda, paarlamentulo ledhaa desamlo spashtamaina majority lekunda, balaprayogam lekunda republicanlanu dhooramgaa unchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. 1874loe, bonapartism kosam demandla kaaranamgaa, makmahan rajyanga samskaranalaku pilupunicchaaru. prasaantatanu nirdhaarinchadaaniki idhi parokshamgaa ennikaina adhyakshudu mariyu senate vyavasthaku daariteesindi. 1876loe, makmahan mitavaada republicanla prabhutvaalanu angeekarinchaalsi vachindi. ayithe, 1877loe, makmahan saimannu tolaginchi, duke dii brogleeni tirigi pilipinchaadu. aviswaasa teermaanam dwara kotta prabhutvam raddu cheyabadindi. otarlanu balavantam cheyadaaniki tama prabhaavavantamaina patrikalu, bhaarii prothsaaham, sainika chattalanu dopidi cheyaalani sampradaayavaadulu aasinchaaru. kudi vaipuna savaallu unnappatikee republicanlu majority saadhinchadamtho vaaru 1877 aktobaru saadhaarana ennikalaloo viphalamayyaru. janavari 1879loe, republicanlu makmahan rajinama cheyamani balavantam chesaaru. athanu 1893loe maraninchaadu, republicanlu atanni republicu pramaadamgaa bhaavinchaaru mariyu kathinamaina raacharikavaadulu atanini punaruddharana yokka vaari kalanu tappugaa nirvahinchina banglarga bhaavinchaaru.
makmahan oka bhaktudaina sampradaayavaada catholic, mariyu samyavaadaanni truneekarinchina mariyu ekkuvagaa loukika ganatantravaadulanu gattiga viswasinchina sampradaayavaadi. athanu rajyangam yokka tatastha samrakshakudigaa thana vidhulaku kattubadi unnadu mariyu raacharikavaada "tirugubaatu dii 'etat" suuchanalanu tiraskarinchaadu, conny republicanla naayakudaina gambettanu kalavadaniki niraakarinchaadu. ayana parliamentary vyavastha kosam munduku sagaru, dheenilo assembly moodava ganatantram yokka paalaka prabhutvaanni ennukundi, conny ayana eguva sabhanu kooda nokki chepparu. taruvaata ayana deputyla sabhanu raddu chesaaru, phalitamgaa prajala agraham mariyu republican ennikala vijayam labhinchindi. ventane makmahan rajinama chesi vyaktigata jeevitaaniki padavee viramana chesaaru.
jeevita charitra.
kutumba muulaalu.
makmahan kutumbam airish muulaaniki chendinadi. vaaru irelandloni korku bicind prabhuvulu mariyu ireland yokka unnata raaju muirchertach kwa brain kumarudu mahon nundi vacchaaru. 1652loe chromvelian japtulalo vaari bhoomilo ekkuva bhaganni kolpoyina taruvaata, oka saakha kontakaalam limericku maarindi. vaaru 1688 naati adbhutamaina viplavamlo tolaginchabadina raaju james II kii maddatu icchaaru mariyu raaju vilium III tadupari paalanalo fraanslo sthirapaddaaru. vaaru 1749loe french pourasatvam kosam darakhaastu chesukunnaru; fraanslo kutumbam yokka khachitamaina sthaapana taruvaata, vaari prabhuvulanu france raaju luis XV yokka patent lekha dwara gurtinchaaru.
oka sainika kutumbam (dii maak mahan intlo 14 mandhi sabhyulu sainyamlo unnaaru), vaaru bargandiilooni aatunlo, 1808 juun 13naa janminchina chaateyu dii sulli vadda sthirapaddaaru, ikkada patrice dii maak mahan padahaarava mariyu baaran (1754-1831) yokka rendava athi pinna kumarudu, baaran off sulli, count dii maak mahan mariyu dii chaarne, mariyu pelaji dii requet dii caraman (1769-1819), pier-paal repet yokka varasudu.
patrice dii makmahan (athanu saadhaaranamgaa thana sonta hakkulo ducal biruduku edige mundu piluvabadevaadu) aatun sameepamloni sulliiloo, saano-ett-loir yokka "department" loe janminchaadu. appatike french prabhuvulalo unna kutumbamloni 17 mandhi pillalalo athanu 16vavaadu; athani taata gurrapu prabhuvu lard zeane-baptist dii makmahan, marquis dii makmahan anie paeru pettaru mariyu 1 va marquis dii 'eguilly (athani bhaarya charlot leey belin nundi, dame dii' eguilly) raaju luis XV chetha, mariyu fraanslooni kutumbam nischayamgaa raacharika rajakeeyaalanu kaligi undhi.
algerialo prarambha sainika vrutti mariyu seva.
1820loe, makmahan auton vadda petit seminare dess marbers loki pravesinchaadu; taruvaata paarislooni lysie luis-lae-grandlo thana vidyanu puurti chesaadu. aaa taruvaata athanu 1825 aktobaru 23naa seyint-sirlooni pratyeka sainika paatasaalalo pravesinchaadu. aaa taruvaata 1827 aktobaru 1naa general staff pradhana kaaryaalayamloni application schoollo rendella kaalaaniki cheraadu.
seyint-sir nundi graduation taruvaata, makmahan 1827loe french sainyamlo pravesinchaadu. 1830loe 4va hussar regimentku niyaminchabaddaadu. makmahan taruvaata algeriapy french vijayamlo souse-leftinentga palgonnadu. aljeerlanu swaadheenam chesukunnappudu ayana saamarthyam mariyu dhairyasaahasaalaku prasamsalu andukunnaru. 1830 november 24naa, makmahan thana regimentto panichesetappudu, yuddha samayamlo, tananu taanu marinta pratyaekamgaa gurtinchukunnadu. ataniki nait arder off dhi legian dii 'hohner labhinchindi.
fraansku gurthuchesukunna makmahan 1832 nundi padhi rojula poraatamlo palgonnadu, akkada athanu aant verp muttadi samayamlo mallee gurtinchabaddadu.
athanu 1833loe kepten ayyadu, esaari 1836loe algeriaku tirigi vacchaadu, akkada atanni general bertrand clousel, aapai general charless-maerii denis dii damremont aadesaala meraku unchaaru. athanu girijana aakramita maidaanaalalo aneka saahasopetamaina aswikadala daadulaku naayakatvam vahinchaadu mariyu 1837loe nirbandham muttadi samayamlo tananu taanu pratyekinchukunnadu, akkada athanu koddigaa gayapaddadu. 1840loe, athanu africa (algeria) nuu vidichipetti, fraansku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu cheff dii escadron (aswikadalam squadron cheef) gaa padoonnati pondaadani telusukunnadu.
1841 maeloe, athanu tirigi algeriaku tirigi vacchaadu, april loe, baab ell-thaja yuddhamlo mariyu mae 25 naa ameer abdelkadar dalaalaku vyatiraekamgaa, ayana tanani taanu vaeru chesukunna vaari talapai.
1842 december 31naa, athanu french videshee dalaala 2aiim aarr yokka 2va regimentlo leftinent-kalnalga padoonnati pondaadu.ii.ell.ii. 1843loe, athanu anaarogyamtho unna vyaktini bharti cheyadam dwara regimental commander vidhulanu sweekarinchaadu, eee kamaandnu athanu 1845 varaku konasaginchadu.
1844 aktobaru 14 mariyu aktobaru 17naa jarigina chaab ell-gitta yuddham mariyu ine kebira yuddham samayamlo makmahan mallee tananu taanu vaeru chesukunnadu.
1845 decemberulo kalnalga niyamitudaina ayana marnealo rakshanalo unna sainika dalaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaaru.
1848 nundi, makmahan telmessen upavibhaagaaniki adhipatigaa nominate cheyabaddaadu, akkada athanu adhe samvatsaram juun 12naa general dii brigedga niyaminchabaddaadu.
1849loe, athanu legian dii 'hohner arder commander ayyadu mariyu oraon provins yokka general staff cheef ayina general lakshyam pelicier aadhvaryamlo panicheesaadu.
1852loe makmahan algerialo 1851 naati french tirugubaatunu aamodinchadaaniki uddesinchina saarvatrika ootu hakku dwara chattabaddhata yokka prajabhipraya sekarananu nirvahinchaadu. adhe samvatsaram maarchilo athanu general dii divisionku padoonnati pondadaaniki mundu, joolailo general dii divisionku kamandga niyaminchabaddaadu.
crimean yuddham, sevastopol.
crimean yuddha samayamlo, ataniki 2va orient armi corps yokka 1va padaatidala vibhaagaaniki naayakatvam ivvabadindi mariyu 1855 septembarulo, athanu sevastopol muttadi samayamlo malakoff yuddhamlo vijayam saadhinchaadu. yuddha samayamlo ayana ilaa cheppinatlu prasiddhi chendaaduh "neenu ikkade unnaanu, ikkade untaanu!"()
senator mariyu marinta algerian seva.
fraansku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu aneka gowravaalanu andukunnadu mariyu senatorga niyaminchabaddaadu. marinta churukaina jeevitaanni koorutuu, athanu french metropolitan sainyamlo senior padavini niraakarinchi, algeriaku tirigi vacchaadu. algerialo, athanu kabile prajalaku vyatiraekamgaa poraatamlo panicheesaadu. fraansku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu saadhaarana bhadratapai kotta chattaniki vyatiraekamgaa senatorga ootu vaesaadu, nepolian chakravarthy III kii vyatiraekamgaa felis orsini hatyayatnam viphalamaina taruvaata pratipaadinchabadindi; chattam (aamodinchabadindi) "saamrajyam yokka satruvulapai" mariyu raajakeeya neeraalaku paalpadinatlu anumaaninchina vaaripai sulabhamaina prabhutva charyanu anumatinchindi, mariyu nepolian III kuu vidheyata chuupani evarinainaa saasanasabhaku anarhulugaa chesindi. 
magenta france marshal.
1859 naati italian dandayaatra samayamlo makmahan tananu taanu pratyaekamgaa gurtinchukunnadu. magenta yuddhamlo klishtamaina samayamlo aadesaalu andukokunda thana dalaalanu munduku nadipinchaadu, idhi french vijayaniki haamii ichindi.
athani sainika sevalaku, athanu chakravarthy nepolian III chetha france marshalga niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu duke off magenta birudunu andukunnadu.
algeriaku governor general.
1861loe prussia rajuga modati vilium pattabhishekam samayamlo makmahan fraansku praatinidhyam vahinchaadu. 1864loe ayana algeriaku governor generalga niyaminchabaddaaru.
eee niyaamakamlo makmahan tananu taanu vaeru chesukoledu. ayana aneka samskaranalanu praarambhinchinappatikii, aayanapai aneka firyadulu vachayi. 1870 modati ardhabhaagamlo, athanu thana raajeenaamaanu nepolian III kuu samarpinchaadu. olivier mantrivargam erpadinappudu, chakravarthy thana algerian prajectulanu vidichipettadu mariyu makmahannu venakki pilipinchaaru.
yuddham mariyu paris commune.
franco-russian yuddhamlo pradhana french sainyaniki naayakatvam vahinchina makmahan, akkada athanu alsayslo aneka otamulanu chavichusadu. sedon yuddhamlo athanu teevramgaa gayapaddadu. 1871loe french sainyam longipoyindi, germanlu yuddhamlo spashtamgaa vijayam saadhinchaaru. mottam meeda athani vyuuhaatmaka pranaalika gandaragolaniki gurai, anischiti thoo gurtinchabadindi. septembaru 1naa sedon longipoyinappudu athanu, chakravartito sahaa migilina sainyamtho paatu khaidiigaa cheyabaddaadu.
1871loe, athanu french third republic sainyaniki adhipati ayyadu, adhyakshudu adolph theors aadhvaryamlo, mariyu paris commune oodinchi, nagaranni moodava republic adhikaaramlo unchina vaaram rojula paatu raktapaata sainika dandayaatra ayina semine sanglanteku naayakatvam vahinchaadu. 
anachivetaku athanu nindinchabadaledu, badulugaa kudivaipu kosam heero off dhi avar ayyadu.
ganatantram yokka adhyakshudu.
mae 1873loe, jaateeya assemblylo raacharika mariyu sampradaayavaada majority dwara french third republic adhyakshudiga makmahan ennikayyaaru. aayanaku vyatiraekamgaa oke oka ootu veyabadindi. thana prajaadaranaku prasiddhi chendina maak mahan 1873 mae 24naa adolph theors ennika viphalamaina taruvaata ennikayyaaru. athanu pradhaanamantri jools armond dufore sthaanamlo duke albert dii brogley anae raacharikavaadini niyaminchaadu. dii brogley pradhana mantrigaa unnappudu, athanu kotta sampradaayavaada "naitika kramam" nuu sthaapinchadaaniki varusa charyalanu sweekarinchaadu. 
makmahan racharikam punaruddharanaku anukuulamgaa unnadu, conny eee project viphalamainappudu, edu samvatsaraala aadesaanni angeekarinchaadu, idhi assembly 9 november 1873naa ataniki ichindi. muck mahan paarlamentuku kakunda deshaaniki baadhyata vahinchinatlu bhaavinchaadu, idhi atanni pratinidhula sabhatho sangharshanaku gurichesindi.
inca prachurinchani thana ghnaapakaalalo, makmahan thana raajakeeya nammakalanu ilaa varninchaaduh "kutumba sampradaayam dwara, naa prarambha vidya dwara naalo nimpabadina raaja kutumbam patla bhaavaala dwara, neenu chattabaddhatavaadi tappa marokati kaadu."ayinappatikee, 1873 navambarulo, athanu simhaasanaaniki borban hakkudaarulaina henry, count off chambordnu kalavadaniki niraakarinchaadu, endukante idhi republic adhyakshudiga thana vidhulaku anukuulamgaa ledani athanu bhaavinchaadu. 1874 fibravari 4naa, makmahan taanu sthaapinchina nyaya kramaanni gowravistaanani prakatinchaadu. ou-desus dess partis" (paarteelaku paina) gaa undataaniki ishtapadutuu, 1875 janavari mariyu fibravarilo french rajyanga chattalaku daariteesina vidhanalalo palgonadam kante, 1875loe french moodava ganatantraanni france prabhutvamgaa sthaapinchindi.
1875 juun raatri samayamlo garon praantam bhaarii varadalaku guraindi. munigipoyina nagaralu mariyu gramalanu sandarsinchinappudu ayana "kyuu dii yuu" anie prakatinchaaru... meeru!... "(neeru tappa marokati ledhu...neeru matrame!...). department prefect ataniki ilaa samaadhaanamichaaduh "inca, surr, meeru mea ishtaniki taggattu emi chestaaru!"(mallii, mister. adhyakshuda, meeru uparitalam paina unnadaanni matrame chuustunnaaru!").
1875 septembarulo, moodava sainyam yokka goppa vinyasalanu siddham cheyadaaniki athanu vernanlo chaalaa rojulu unnadu. 1876 french saasanasabha ennikala taruvaata, idhi ganatantra majorityki daariteesindi, athanu pradhana mantrula aadhvaryamlo prabhutvaala erpaatuku chaalaa ayishtatatho angeekarinchaadu, veetilo ganatantravaadulu aadhipatyam chelaayinchaaru.
fraansnu niyantrinchadaaniki mariyu asthiraparachadaaniki, german chhaansalar oto vaan bismark, makmahan yokka mataadhikaari-raacharika maddatudaarulanu vyuuhaatmakamgaa mariyu saiddhaantikamgaa verucheyadam dwara fraanslo ganatantravaadaanni prothsahinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. 1875loe "yuddhamu kanapadatam" sankshobha samayamlo bismark niyantrana vidhanam dadapuga cheyi tappindi. 1871loe otami nundi france vaegamgaa kolukovadam mariyu daani punarvyavastheekarana karyakramam valla apramattamaina prabhaavavantamaina germanlu fransupy mundastu daadini praarambhinchadam gurinchi matladutunnarani german patrikalu nivedinchinappudu germany mariyu fraanslaloo yuddha bhayam erpadindi. britton, russia ituvanti durakramananu taamu sahinchabomani spashtam chesaayi. bismark kooda yuddham korukoledu, conny oohinchani sankshobham athani dookudu vidhanalu, alaage germany yokka vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna shakti daani poruguvaarilo kaligistunna heccharikanu parigananaloki teesukovalasi vachindi.
1877 mae 16 sankshobham deputyla sabhatho makmahan sangharshananu teevrataram chesindi. roman prasnalo french prabhutvam maddatu istundani poetiers, nimes mariyu neverse bishaplu payas Ix kuu haamii icchina taruvaata, chhambar oka teermaanaanni aamodinchindi, idhi "ultramontanism vyakteekaranalanu anachiveyamani" prabhutvaanni korindi. pannendu rojula taruvaata, athanu pradhana mantri jools saimannu tolaginchi, mallee albert dii brogleeni niyaminchaadu. sampradaayavaada vijayam kosam aasinche makmahan, appudu pratinidhula sabhanu raddu cheyamani senaetnu oppinchi, republicnu padagotte uddesam tanaku ledani nirasana teluputuu desavyaaptamgaa pracharam chesaaru. 1877 augustu 15naa, leone gambetta ilaa prakatinchaaduh "leey president enn 'eah kyuu sea choiks ill luuya fout sae soumitra oo sae demetre."(adhyakshudiki oke oka empika undih athanu tappaka samarpinchaali ledhaa rajinama cheyali.")
october 14 ennikalu republicanlaku 120 seetla majorityni icchaayi, tadanugunamgaa pradhana mantri brogley november 19naa rajinama chesaaru. makmahan modata general gayton dii rochebout aadhvaryamlo prabhutvaanni erpaatu cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu, conny sabha athanitho sahakarinchadaaniki niraakarinchindi. marusati roeju rochebout rajinama chesaaru, mariyu adhyakshudu duforenu tirigi pilipinchi ganatantra prabhutvaanni erpaatu chesaaru. 1879 janavari 5naa jarigina senetku jarigina ennikala phalitamgaa kooda republican majority labhinchindi, idhi makmahan kuu thana chivari parliamentary maddatunu kolpoyindi. kontamandi sainikadhikarulanu, kontamandi sainikaadhikaarulaku aadesaalanu japthu chesi, tagginche oka uttarvu edurkonna makmahan 1879 janavari 30naa rajinama cheyadaaniki ishtapadaru.
ayana adhyaksha padavini eee vidhamgaa sangrahinchavachhuh oka vaipu, ayana ganatantraanni sthaapinchukoevadaaniki anumatinchaaru; marovaipu, thana chattabaddhamaina adhikaralu anumatinchinanta varaku, ayana catholic charchiki vyatiraekamaina paarteela raajakeeya purogatini addukunnaru, radicalism vijayam deshaaniki haani kaligistundani vishwasinchaaru. makmahan prabhutvam edama vaipuku swalpamgaa anachivetaku paalpadindi. vaartaapatrikalu vichaaranaku gurayyayi, republicanisaniki maddatu istunnaarani anumaaninchinatlayithe senior adhikaarulanu tolaginchaaru. prabhutvam thana sonta pracharanni pracharam chestunnappudu vimarsanaatmaka karapatraalu anachiveyabaddaayi. prabhutva vimarsakula samavesalanu anumatinchavaddani samavesa sthalaala yajamaanulaku suuchimchaaru. marovaipu, raacharikavaadula tirugubaatuku ayana etuvanti maddatu ivvaledu. jaateeya assembly fraansnu paalinchaalani, adhyakshudini kaadani makmahan nijamgaa nammadu.
gatha samvatsaraalu.
1887 nundi 1893 varaku, ayana "society dii secures aux bless militaries" (luu) kuu darsakatvam vahinchaaru.ess.bii.emm.- resque society off gayapadina military), idhi 1940loe french redd crossga maarindi.
patrice dii makmahan thana ghnaapakaalanu vraasina taruvaata, 1893 aktobaru 17naa, montression vadda maraninchaadu. laa madaleen vadda prabhutva antyakriyalu mariyu mataparamaina saamuuhikam taruvaata october 22naa hotel dess invilidslo ayana khananam cheyabaddaaru. antyakriyala ratham yokka aidu cardenlu (alankaara teegalu) general, legian dii 'hohner yokka grand chhaansalar; admiral henry reunior, ministerre dii laa merine; general, yuddha mantri; senate yokka charless merlin; mariyu emm. pratinidhula sabha nundi durusu.
aayudhalu.
gowravaalu.
yuddha gowravaalu.
naalugusaarlu gayapadina vaaruh 1837loe nirbandham muttadi samayamlo, athani unifamnu oka bullet kuttinchindi; 1840loe, oka bullet athani pakkatemuka panjaram gundaa athani kothini kuttinchindi; 1857loe dhi sedon vadda; chivaraku 1870 september 1naa sedon vadda teevramgaa gaayapadindi.
ullekhanaalu.
thana swachchanda padavee viramanalo athanu anni paarteela gowravaanni thanatho paatu teesukuvelladuh tananu preminchani, preminchani jools saiman, taruvaata atanni pilicharu
makmahan yokka pankthi dhikkaram yokka vyakteekaranagaa vistrutamgaa udaharinchabadindi. pii. zii. vodehouse paatra berty wooster thana kotta meesaalanu kshouram cheyamani thana wallet jeeves nundi vacchina ottidiki pratispandanagaa dheenini upayoginchaadu ('jeeves und dhi fudal spirit' ch. 1).

