slovax

slovax (, ekavachanamh "slovac", streelingah "slovenka", bahuvachanam "slovenki") anedi paschima slavic jaathi samuuham mariyu slovakiaku chendina desham, veeru saadhaarana puurveekulu, samskruti, charitranu panchukuntaaru mariyu slovac matladataru.
slovakialo, 44 laksala mandhi mottam 54 laksala janabhalo jaathi slovaklu. austria, crotia, check republic, hangari, polland, romenia, serbia mariyu ukrain vanti aneka porugu deshaalalo slovac minoritylu unnaaru mariyu australia, kenada, france, germany, united kingdom mariyu united stateslo gananeeyamaina sankhyalo valasadaarulu mariyu vaari vaarasulu unnaaru, veetini samishtiga slovac diaspora anie pilustaaru.
paeru.
slovac" anae paeru slaves (proglass, sumaru 863) yokka paatha paeru "* slovenin", bahuvachanam "* sloven" nundi udbhavinchindi. asalu kaandam purusha namavachakam minaha anni slovac padaalaloo samrakshinchabadindi; streelinga namavachakam "slovenka", visaeshanhamu "slovensky", bhasha "slovensina" mariyu desham "slovensco". slovensky" (slovac) anae visaeshanhamu yokka modati vraatapuurvaka prastaavana prastaavana undhi ("advam arborem naistra sloensky brezza yubi est meta").
slovax yokka asalu paeru "slovenin"/"sloven" ippatikee presberg latin-check nighantuvulo (14va sataabdam) namodu cheyabadindi, conny check mariyu polish (sumaru 1400) prabhaavamtho idhi "slovac" gaa maarindi. prastuta slovakia bhoobhaagamlo kotta roopam gurinchi modati vraatapuurvaka prastaavana bardejov (144, "nicoulus kosibor haptman, nicolus check ett sloke, stependiari supreme") nundi vachindi. check moolaalalo prastaavinchinavi paatavi (1375 mariyu 1385). eee maarpu slovakla jaatiparamaina aavirbhaavaaniki sambandhinchinadi kaadu, conny paschima slavic bhaashalalo bhasha maarpulaku matrame sambandhinchinadi. slovac" anae padaanni taruvaata check, polish mariyu slovac looni anni slavlaku itara roopaalatho kalipi saadhaarana paerugaa kooda upayoginchaaru.
hangeriyanlo, "slovac" anedi "toat" (pleah "totok"), oka exonym. idhi modata slavenlu mariyu croats thoo sahaa anni slaavlanu suuchimchadaaniki upayoginchabadindi, conny chivariki pradhanamgaa slavaklanu suuchimchadaaniki vachindi. hangareelo totgentguergy, totgentmarten mariyu totcomlos vanti aneka pradaesaala paerlu ippatikee eee paerunu kaligi unnaayi. toth anedi oka saadhaarana hangerian intiperu.
slovaklanu chaaritraatmakamgaa "slovyenin", "slovyeni", "slavus", "slavi", "slavus", "slavi", "vinde", "vende" ledhaa "venden" anie kooda pilustaaru. chivari moodu padaalu german padam vends yokka vaividhyaalu, idhi chaaritraatmakamgaa german sthaavaraalaku daggaragaa nivasinche yea slaavlanu suuchimchadaaniki upayoginchabadindi.
ethnogenesis.
prarambha slaavlu 5va mariyu 6va sataabdaala nundi aneka taramgaalalo slovakia bhuubhaagaaniki vachayi mariyu girijana sthaayilo nirvahinchabaddaayi. unnata raajakeeya vibhagalalo vileenam kaavadaaniki mundu likhita muulaalu lekapovadam valla asalu girijana paerlu teliyavu. girijana chaitanyaanni balaheenaparachadam bahusha avaarlache vegavantam cheyabadindi, vaaru niyantrita bhoobhaagamlo girijana vibhedaalanu gowravinchaledu mariyu migilina slaavlanu kalisi chaeradaaniki mariyu vaari rakshanalo sahakarinchadaaniki prerepinchaaru. 7va sataabdamloo, slaavlu oka pedda girijana sanghaanni staapinchaaruh samo saamrajyam. samo saamraajyamtho sambandham lekunda, vividha teevratatoo itara bhoobhagalalo ekikarana prakriya konasaagindi.
awar khaganet yokka chivari patanam kotta raajakeeya samsthalu talettadaaniki anumatinchindi. vraatapuurvaka muulaala dwara namodu cheyabadina atuvanti modati raajakeeya vibhagam naitra rajyam, idhi taruvaata saadhaarana jaathi chaitanyaaniki punaadulaloo okati. charitralo eee dasalo, poruguna unna thoorpu bhoobhagalalo slavacla puurveekulandari saadhaarana gurtimpunu oohinchadam inca saadhyam kaadu, idhi daggari sambandhita slaavlu nivasinchinappatikii. naitra rajyam goppa moravialo oka bhaagamgaa maarindi, idhi moravianla saadhaarana rashtram (check puurveekulu konni samvatsaraalu matrame cheraaru). goppa moravia yokka saapekshamgaa chinna uniki rendu ververu entiteela nundi daani srushti phalitamgaa erpadina thedaalanu anachiveyakundaa nirodhinchindi, anduvalla oka saadhaarana "slovac-moravian" jaathi gurtimpu abhivruddhi chendadamlo viphalamaindi. ayithe, prastuta slovakia bhoobhaagamlo prarambha raajakeeya samaikyata bhasha samaikyatalo pratibimbimchimdi. slovakla prarambha puurveekula maandalikaalu paschima slavic (paschima mariyu thoorpu slovakia) mariyu paschima-kaani slavic (madhya slovakia) gaa vibhajinchabaddaayi, 8va mariyu 9va sataabdaala madhya rendu maandalikaalu vileenam ayyayi, tadwara taruvaata slovac bhashaku punaadulu paddayi.
10va sataabdam slovac ethnogenesis loe oka mylurayi. goppa murikiwada patanam mariyu marinta raajakeeya maarpulu vaari pratyeka desamgaa erpadataaniki maddatu icchaayi. adhe samayamlo, 10va mariyu 13va sataabdaala madhya proto-slavic bhasha antharinchipovadamtho, slovac oka swatantra bhashaga (itara slavic bhaashalatho ekakaalamlo) abhivruddhi chendindi. hangari rajyam yokka prarambha uniki prastuta slovakia sarihaddula lopala matrame kakunda, uttara hangareelooni slavla madhya saadhaarana chaitanyam mariyu sahavasam yokka abhivruddhini sanukoolamgaa prabhaavitam chesindi. slovaklu mariyu hangeriyanla madhya spashtamaina vyatyaasam oka nirdishta paerunu anavasaramgaa sweekarinchindi mariyu slovaklu vaari asalu paerunu (laatinlo e.zii. "slavus"), idhi itara slavic prajalatho (polonus, bohemus, ruthenus) communicationlo kooda upayoginchabadindi. raajakeeya paramgaa, madhyayuga slovaklu hangeriyanlu (ledhaa, marinta khachitamgaa, magyarlu), slavonianlu, germanlu, romanlu mariyu hangari raajyamlooni itara jaathi samuuhaalatoe kalisi bahula-jaathi raajakeeya desham "natio hangarika" loe bhaagamgaa undevaaru. madhyayuga raajakeeya desham saadhaarana prajalanu kaligi undakapoyina, prabhuvulanu kaligi undakapoyinanduna, eee prajalandarikee ("kuleenula hangari") pratyeka vargam yokka sabhyatvam avasaram.
itara deshaala maadirigaane, slovaklu 18va sataabdam nundi jaateeya srungaara bhaavanatho aadhunika desamgaa maaradam praarambhinchaaru. aadhunika slovac desham anedi 19va sataabdam madhyalo muginchina hobsburg saamrajyamlo aadhunikeekarana yokka samoola prakriyala phalitam. hangerian jaateeyavaadamto sangharshana kaaranamgaa parivartana prakriya mandaginchindi mariyu slovakla jaatiparamaina aavirbhavam oka raajakeeya prasnagaa maarindi, mukhyamgaa vaari bhasha mariyu jaateeya hakkula laemi mariyu parirakshanaku sambandhinchi. sambandhinchi, tranava vishwavidhyaalayamlo nyaayasaastra professor ayina michal bensic, trensin yokka prabhuvulaku mariyu bargarlaku hangeriyanla maadirigaane hakkulu undakudadani oka siddhaantaanni prachurinchaaru, endukante vaaru swatopluck prajala vaarasulu (magyarla kante takkuva). bensic ledhaa athani slovac pratyarthi zaan baltazar magin parishkaram yokka konasaagimpunu teevramaina prasnagaa pettaledu. alaage, georgious papanek (ledhaa juraj papanek) raasina slovakla modati charitra, slovakla muulaalanu "historia gentis slave" loe goppa moraviaku gurtinchindi. regno regibusk slavorum..."(1780) (" "slovac desham yokka charitrah slovakla rajyam mariyu raajula meeda" ")". papanec yokka pani slovac jaateeya punarujjeevana udyamam yokka vaadanaku aadharam ayyindi. edemaina, slovac jaateeya punarujjeevanam janabha konasaagimpunu angeekarinchadame kakunda, daanini nokkicheppadamtho, slovaklu raashtraaniki samaana pourulu anie rujuvu chesindi mariyu rashtra punaadiki hangerian "pratyaekamaina raajaneetignula vanti bahumati" ledhaa kraistavatvam avasaram ledhu. 
ledhu hangerian bhashavetta paal hanfalvi hangeriyanla raakaku mundu slovaklu mariyu slavla madhya konasagimpu lekapovadam gurinchi oka siddhaantaanni prachurinchaaru. paatha hangeriyanlu (magyarlu) raakamundu slovakla puurveekulu prastuta slovakia bhoobhaagamlo nivasinchaledani niroopinchadaaniki hanfalvi prayatninchaadu, ayithe 13va sataabdam taruvaata porugu deshaala nundi hangari raajyaaniki vacchina itara slavla nundi slovaklu udbhavinchaaru. madhya mariyu uttara slovakia janavasalu laenivi (1901) anie, thana tadupari rachana "mana desham yokka praadaesika samagrataku mana chaaritraka hakku" (1921) loe migilina asalu slaavlu magyarlache vileenam cheyabaddaayani, aadhunika slaavaaklu eguva moravia mariyu oder nundi valasa vacchina vaari vaarasulu anie (eee bhuubhaagaalapai janabha saandrata aaa samayamlo chaalaa takkuvagaa undhi mariyu eee praantaala nundi pedda sankhyalo valasadaarulu ravadam saadhyam kaadu) anie bhaavinchaaru. slovakiapai hangerian vaadanalaku maddatu ivvadaaniki konasaagimpunu prasninchina antara-yuddha hangerian punarvimarsavaadulu eee siddhaantaanni durviniyogam chesaaru. chesaaru, dheeniki viruddhamgaa niroopinche goppa puraavastu aadharalu ippatike andubaatulo unnappudu, hangerian charitrakaarudu gyorgi georphy idhe vidhamaina siddhaantaanni prachurinchaaru. slavla yokka chinna samuuhaalu slovakia bhoobhaagamlo undavacchani georphy angeekarinchaaru, conny slavakla muulam taruvaata valasarajyala dwara balopetam cheyabadina vividha slavic samuuhaala yokka arudaina sthaavaramlo undani paerkonnaaru. ferenk maak prakaram, madhyayuga moravianlu slovakla puurveekulu kaadu mariyu slovac prajalalo ekkuva mandhi taruvaata slavic kottavaari nundi vacchaaru.
dheeniki vyatiraeka siddhaantam, check mariyu slovac deshaala puurvapu ummadi gataaniki maddatu ivvadam, tadwara united chekoslovak desham yokka srushtini chattabaddham cheyadam, antara-yuddha chekoslovekialo raajakeeya maddatunu pondindi. karassonyilage, check charitrakaarudu vaklav chaloupeki 13va sataabdam varaku slovakia yokka uttara mariyu madhya bhagalu janavasalu laenivigaa unnayani mariyu nairuti bhaagamlo check prajalu nivasistunnaarani bhaavinchaaru. ayinappatikee, ayinappatikee chaloupeki slavac desham porugu slavla nundi udbhavinchindani, 17va sataabdamloo matrame erpadindani bhaavinchaaru. adavulatho kappabadina slovakialoni ekkuva bhaagamlo janabha lekapovadam gurinchi athani siddhaantaanni appatike daniel rapant (udhaa.zii. 1934 loe "oo starry liptov" loe, mariyu aneka puraavastu anveshanhala dwara tappugaa niroopinchabadindi mariyu chekoslovak hystography dwara tiraskarinchabadindi. marovaipu, jaathi chekoslovakisanni vyatirekinche antara-yuddha slovac svayampratipattivaadulu, slovac desham unikini pribina kaalam varaku (prarambha slavic yugamlo slovakla unikini namodu cheyadaaniki trials, i.ii. samo saamrajyam kaalamlo, aadhunika pradhana sravanti slovac charitraku velupala unnaayi).
unnaayi) chekoslovekia raddu taruvaata, swatantra slovakia erpaatu mukhyamgaa slovac jaateeya gurtimpupai aasaktini prerepinchindi. dheeniki oka pratibimbam emitante, saadhaarana chekoslovak jaateeya gurtimpunu puurtigaa slovac gurtimpuku anukuulamgaa tiraskarinchadam.
charitra.
pannonian pareevaahaka praantam yokka slaves.
prastuta slovakia bhoobhaagamlo mottamodati slavic rashtraalu samo saamrajyam mariyu naitra rajyam, ivi 8va sataabdamloo sthaapinchabaddaayi.
goppa moravia.
grate moravia (833-?907) 9va mariyu 10va sataabdaala praarambhamlo oka slavic rashtram, dheeni srushtikartalu check mariyu slovakla puurveekulu. byzantine sanyaasula siril mariyu methodius mission, glagolitic varnamaala abhivruddhi (syrillic lipi yokka prarambha roopam), mariyu paatha charchi slavonic nuu adhikaarika mariyu saahitya bhashaga upayoginchadam vanti mukhyamaina parinaamaalu eee samayamlo jarigaayi. daani nirmaanam mariyu goppa saamskrutika vaarasatvam 19va sataabdam nundi kontha ekkuva aasaktini aakarshinchayi.
slavic tegalu nivasinche asalu bhoobhaagamlo prastuta slovakia matrame kakunda, prastuta polland, aagneya moravia mariyu prastuta hangari yokka mottam uttara sagam kooda unnaayi.
hangari rajyam.
prastuta slovakia bhuubhaagam bhuubhaagam chekoslovakia erpade varaku hangari rajyam (907 nundi kramamga hangerian paalanalo 14va sataabdam prarambham varaku) nundi eguva hangari mariyu raayal hangari (1527 nundi 1848 varaku hobsburgs kinda (1848 naati hangerian viplavam kooda chudandi) varaku rendu bhagaluga vibhajinchabadindi. ayithe, itara charitrakaarula prakaram, 895 nundi 902 varaku, prastuta slovakia mottam praantam hangari yokka perugutunna samsthaanamlo bhaagamaindi, mariyu oka sataabdam taruvaata hangari raajyamlo (gradation lekunda) bhaagamgaa maarindi. eee samayamlo hangari raajyamlo naitra frontier duchy anae pratyeka samstha unikilo undhi. eee duchy duchy raddu cheyabadindi. prastuta hangareelo slovaklu nivasinche bhuubhaagam kramamga tagginchabadindi.
tagginchabadindi ottoman saamrajyam hangareelo chaalaa bhaganni swaadheenam chesukunnappudu (ottoman hangari chudandi), prastuta slovakia bhuubhaagam hangerian aadhvaryamlo unna taggina raajyaaniki kotta kendramgaa maarindi, taruvaata hobsburg paalana, adhikarikamga raayal hangari anie piluvabadindi. konni croats ilanti kaaranaala valla prastuta bratislavalo sthirapaddaaru. alaage, chaalaa mandhi germanlu hangari raajyamlo, mukhyamgaa pattanaalalo, 13va sataabdam nundi 15va sataabdam varaku pani korukune valasavaadulu mariyu ganula tavvakam nipunulugaa sthirapaddaaru. yoodulu mariyu jipseelu kooda bhoobhaagamlo gananeeyamaina janabhanu yerparuchukunnaru. eee kaalamlo, prastuta slovakialo chaalaa varaku hobsburg paalanalo bhaagamgaa undedi, conny ottoman daani dakshina mariyu aagneya praantaalanu paripaalinchaadu.
1700 loe ottoman saamrajyam prastuta hangari nundi venakki taggavalasi vacchina taruvaata, vaelaadi slovaklu kramamga maria therasia krinda punaruddharinchabadina hangari rajyam (prastuta hangari, romenia, serbia mariyu croatia) yokka janabha taggina bhagalalo sthirapaddaaru, mariyu eee vidhamgaa eee deshaalalo prastuta slovac enclavelu (vojvodinaloni slovaklu, hangareelooni slovaklu vantivi) udbhavinchaayi.
transylvania taruvaata, eguva hangari (prastuta slovakia) satabdaalugaa hangari raajyamlo atyanta adhunaatana bhaagamgaa undedi, conny 19va sataabdamloo, budaa/pest raajyaaniki kotta rajadhaanigaa marinappudu, bhuubhaagam yokka praamukhyata, alaage raajyamlooni itara bhagalu padipoyayi, mariyu aneka slovaklu paedalugaa marai. phalitamgaa, lakshalaadi mandhi slovaklu uttara americaku valasa vacchaaru, mukhyamgaa 19va sataabdam chivaralo mariyu 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo (sii. sii. eah. madhya). 1880-1910), kaneesam 1.5 laksala mandhi valasadaarulu.
slovakia chaalaa goppa jaanapada samskrutini pradarsistundi. slovac acharalu mariyu saamaajika sampradayalalo oka bhaagam maajee hobsburg raacharikamloni itara deshaala (hangari rajyam 1867 nundi 1918 varaku hobsburg raacharikamtho vyaktigata unionlo undhi) thoo saadhaaranam.
chekoslovekia.
modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata erpadina kotta rashtram ayina chekoslovekia chatramlo 20va sataabdamloo chaalaa bhaagam slovakia prajalu gadiparu. eee samayamlo gananeeyamaina samskaranalu mariyu rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata paarisraamikeekarana jarigindi. eee kaalamlo slovac check chetha balamgaa prabhaavitamaindi.
samskruti.
slovakia kalanu madhya yugaala nundi gurtinchavacchu, aaa samayamlo dhesha charitralo konni goppa kalakhandalu srushtinchabaddaayi. eee kaalaaniki chendina mukhyamaina vyaktulalo aneka mandhi paatha maastarlu unnaaru, vaarilo levoca yokka master paal mariyu master ms unnaaru. marinta samakaaleena kalanu coloman sokol, albin brunovsky, martin benka, mikulas galanda, ludovit phula yokka needalo chudavachu. juuliyas collar mariyu stanislav filco, 21va sataabdamloo roman ondak, blaze balaj. 21va sataabdamloo atyanta mukhyamaina slovac swarakartalu yuzen sukhon, zaan sikkar mariyu alegzander moises, vladymyr godar mariyu peater machazdic.
atyanta prasiddha slovac paerlanu nissandehamgaa aavishkarana mariyu saanketikataku aapaadinchavachchu. atuvanti vyaktulalo wireless telegraphyni kanipettina jojef murgas; aadhunika paaraachuutnu kanipettina zaan bahle, shtefan banik; bionic aarmnu kanipettina mariyu thermodynamicslo maargadarsakudu ayina aarel stodola; mariyu, iteevala, aadhunika dhwani theega vaayidyaala pitamahudu zaan dopera unnaaru. hangerian aavishkartalu joseph petzwal mariyu stephan gedlick slovac tandrulaku janminchaaru.
slovakia daani bahucharitrakaarulaku kooda prasiddhi chendindi, veerilo pavol jojef sapharic, matz bell, zaan kollar mariyu daani raajakeeya viplavakaarulu, atuvanti milan rastislav stafic mariyu alegzander dubec unnaaru.
slovaknu krodeekarinchina iddaru pramukha vyaktulu unnaaru. modatidi anton bernoluck, dheeni bhavana paschima slovakia (1787) mandalikam meeda aadharapadi undhi. idhi slovaklaku modati jaateeya praamaanika bhashanu amalu chesindi. rendava pramukha vyakti ludovit sturr. ayana slovac erpaatuku central slovakia (1843) maandalikamlo suutraalu undevi.
baga telisina slovac heero juraj janosak (rabin hood kuu samaanamaina slovac). pramukha anveshakudu mariyu doutyavetta ayina moric benowski, hangerian transcript benyovsky kooda slovac (athanu prastuta slovakialoni vrobov nundi vacchaadu mariyu ii.zii. athani madhyamika paatasaala namodulo "nobilis slavicus-slovac nobelman" gaa jabita cheyabadindi).
kreedala paramgaa, slovaklu bahusha vaari ice hockey vyaktitvaalaku (uttara americalo) baga prasiddhi chendaaru, mukhyamgaa staan mikita, peater sastney, peater bandra, jigmund palphy, marian hosa mariyu jedeno chaaralu. jabita kosam slavacla jaabitaanu chudandi. jedeno chaara enhetchl charitralo rendava european kepten matrame, athanu thana jattunu stanley kapnu geluchukovadaaniki daariteesaadu, seasonlo boston bruynes thoo gelichaadu.
atyanta pramukha slovac rachayitalu mariyu kavula jabita kosam, slovac rachayitala jaabitaanu chudandi.
ganaamkaalu.
slovakialo sumaru 5.4 million autochthonus slovaklu unnaayi. tadupari slovaklu eee krindi deshaalalo nivasistunnaaru ("jabita rayabara karyalayalu modalaina vaati anchanaalanu chooputundi. mariyu modati sthaanamlo videshaalalo slovakla sanghaalu, mariyu rendava sthaanamlo 2000/2001 gaa deshaala adhikaarika dayta ").
eee jabita kenadian slovac ayina cloude balaj nundi vachindi, idhi videshaalalo slovakla kosam slovac republic prabhutvam yokka prastuta plenipotentary (ii chudandi.zii.: 6):
paina perkonna samaachaaraaniki anugunamgaa slovakia velupala nivasistunna slovakla sankhya garishtamgaa anchanaa veyabadindi. suuchistumdi 2001loe 2,016,000, mottamgaa, garishtamgaa undevani suuchistumdi. suuchistumdi 2001loe prapanchamlooni konni 6,630,854 slovaklu (7,180,000). kudi chethi sait chaart prakaram anchanaa prakaram slovakia velupala nivasistunna slovakla janabha sumaru 15 laksala.
dome jahranich slovac (videshee slovakla illu) nundi udbhavinchina itara (chaalaa ekkuva) anchanaalanu "smay" loe chudavachu.

