gwatemala

gwatemala (;), adhikarikamga republic off gwatemala (), madhya americalo unna oka desham. dheeniki uttara, paschima sarihaddulalo mexico, eshaanya sarihaddulo belize, thoorpuna honduras, aagneya sarihaddulo ell salvador unnaayi. idhi dakshinaana pasiphik mahasamudram mariyu eshaanyamlo honduras gulph dwara taakindi. sumaru millionla janabha anchanaatho, gwatemala madhya americalo atyadhika janabha kaligina desham mariyu americalo 11va atyadhika janabha kaligina desham. idhi oka praatinidhya prajaswamyam, daani rajadhani mariyu atipedda nagaram newa gwatemala dii laa asancion, dheenini gwatemala city anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi madhya americalo atyadhika janabha kaligina nagaram.
aadhunika gwatemala bhuubhaagam maaya nagarikata yokka pradhana bhaagaaniki aatidhyam ichindi, idhi madhya america antataa vistarinchindi. 16va sataabdamloo, eee praantamloo ekkuva bhaganni spanish vaaru swaadheenam chesukuni, kotta speyin vaisrayaltilo bhaagamgaa paerkonnaaru. gwatemala gwatemala speyin mariyu mexico nundi swaatantryam pondindi. athanu, idhi federal republic off central americalo bhaagamaindi, idhi 1841 natiki raddu cheyabadindi.
19va sataabdam madhya nundi chivari varaku, gwatemala deerghakaalika asthirata mariyu poura kalahalanu edurkondi. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo, dheenini united fruit company mariyu united states prabhutvam maddatu icchina niyantala shreni paalinchindi. paalinchindi, niyantrutva nayakudu georg ubiko prajaasvaamya anukuula sainika tirugubaatu dwara padagottabaddadu, dasaabdam paatu saagina viplavanni praarambhinchaadu, idhi vistrutamaina saamaajika mariyu aardhika samskaranalaku daariteesindi. eah eah sainika tirugubaatuku maddatu icchi viplavanni muginchi niyantrutvaanni sthaapinchaaru.
1960 nundi 1996 varaku, gwatemala yuu. ess. madhya jarigina raktapaata poura yuddhanni edurkondi.ess.-sainyam chesina maaya janabha jaatyahankaara oochakothatho sahaa maddatugala prabhutvam mariyu vamapaksha tirugubaatudaarulu. pedarikam, neeraalu, maadakadravyaala akrama ravana mariyu poura asthirata pradhana samasyaluga unnappatikee, aikyaraajyasamiti charchinchina shanti oppandam phalitamgaa nirantara aardhika vruddhi mariyu vijayavantamaina prajaasvaamya ennikalu jarigaayi.
maanava abhivruddhi soochikalo 33 latin american mariyu carabian deshaalalo gwatemala 31va sthaanamlo undhi. egumati vastuvulatoe samruddhiga unnappatikee, janabhalo naaluginta oka vanthu mandhi (4.6 millionlu) aahara abhadratanu edurkontunnaru, idhi ukrainpai russia dandayaatra phalitamgaa konasagutunna aahara sankshobham kaaranamgaa marinta digajaarindi.
gwatemala yokka jeevasaastraparamgaa mukhyamaina mariyu pratyaekamaina paryaavarana vyavasthalalo samruddhiga aneka sthaanika jaatulu unnaayi mariyu jeevavaividhya hotspotga madhyaamerikaanu gurtinchadaaniki dohadam chestundi.
vyutpatti.
gwatemala" anae paeru nahuwal padam "kuwathemallan" ledhaa "aneka chetla pradaesam" nundi vachindi, idhi "aneka chetlu" ledhaa, bahusha marinta pratyaekamgaa, cute/kuwatli chettu isenhardtia kosam kiche maayan padam nundi udbhavinchindi. spanish vijayam samayamlo pedro dii alvaradoku thodugaa vacchina tlaxcaltecon yodhulu eee bhuubhaagaaniki icchina paeru idhe.
charitra.
columbian puurvapu.
gwatemalalo maanava nivaasaaniki sambandhinchina modati aadharalu cree puu 12,000 nativi. desamloni vividha praantaalalo kanugonabadina obsidian baanaala talalu vanti puraavastu aadharalu cree puu 18,000 lone maanava unikini suuchistunnaayi. prarambha gwatemalan sthiranivaasulu vetagallu-sekarinchevaaru anie puraavastu aadharalu unnaayi. cree puu 3500 natiki prajalu mokkajonna saagunu abhivruddhi chesaaru. kristupurvam 6500 naati pradaesaalu ettaina praantaalalo kwiche praantamloo mariyu madhya pasiphik teeramlo sipaket mariyu esquintla kanugonabaddayi.
puraavastu saastravettalu madhyaamerikaa puurva columbian charitranu puurva classic kaalam (3000 BC nundi 250 AD), classic kaalam (250 nundi 900 AD), mariyu post classic kaalam (900 nundi 1500 AD) gaa vibhajinchaaru. iteevali kaalam varaku, puurva classicnu parisoedhakulu oka nirmaanaatmaka kaalamgaa bhaavinchaaru, dheenilo prajalu saadhaaranamgaa raitula chinna graamaalaloni gudiselalo nivasinchevaaru, konni shaashwata bhavanalu undevi. 20va sataabdam chivari nundi eee bhavananu aaa kaalam nundi smaaraka nirmaanaala aavishkaranala dwara savaalu chesaaru, veetilo miradar pareevaahaka nagaralaina nakbe, julnal, ell tintal, vakna mariyu ell miradar vantivi unnaayi.
madhyaamerikan nagarikata yokka praamaanika kaalam maaya nagarikata yokka ettuku anugunamgaa untundi. idhi gwatemala antataa lekkalenanni pradaesaalachae suuchimchabadutumdi, ayithe atipedda saandrata petenlo undhi. eee kaalam pattaneekarana, swatantra nagara-raashtraala aavirbhavam mariyu itara madhyaamerikan samskrutulatoe sambandham kaligi undatam dwara vargeekarinchabadindi.
idhi sumaru cree. sha. 900 varaku konasaagindi, appudu classic maaya nagarikata kuppakoolindi. maaya madhya lothattu praantamlooni aneka nagaralanu vidichipettindi ledhaa karuvu kaaranamgaa erpadina karuvutho champabadindi. kuulipoevadaaniki kaaranam charchaneeyaamsamgaa undhi, conny karuvu siddhaantam sarassu padavalu, puraatana puppodi mariyu itara aadhaaraala dwara maddatu pondutondi. kaalaanuguna edaari ayina mayalo sudeergha karuvu varusalu tama dattamaina janabhanu pooshinchadaaniki kramam tappakunda varshapaatampai aadhaarapadina mayanu naasanam chesayani bhaavistunnaaru.
post-classic kaalanni petenlooni itza, kavoj, yalain mariyu kejache vanti praantiiya rajyalu mariyu maam, kii 'chae, kakkikwel, chazoma, tjutujil, pokomchi, kyuu' ekki mariyu chorti vanti prajalu suuchistaaru. vaari nagaralu maaya samskrutilooni aneka amsaalanu samrakshinchaayi.
eee praantaanni vargeekarinche adhika sthaayi paraspara charya mariyu saamskrutika vyaapti kaaranamgaa maaya nagarikata itara madhya america nagarikatalato aneka lakshanaalanu panchukuntundi. rachana, silaasaasana, calender vanti purogatulu maayatho udbhavinchaledu; ayithe, vaari nagarikata vaatini puurtigaa abhivruddhi chesindi. maaya prabhavam honduras, belize, gwatemala mariyu uttara ell salvador nundi uttaraana madhya mexico varaku, maaya praantam kante ekkuvagaa kanugonavacchu. maaya kala mariyu vaastusilpamlo aneka bahya prabhavalu kanipistaayi, ivi pratyaksha bahya vijayam kante vaanijyam mariyu saamskrutika marpidi phalitamgaa sambhavinchaayani bhaavistunnaaru.
spanish shakam (1519-1821).
vaaru kotta prapanchaaniki vacchina taruvaata, spanish vaaru vaaru praarambhinchi gwatemalaku aneka dandayaatralanu praarambhinchaaru. twaralone, spanish parichayam sthaanika janabhanu naasanam chesina mahammariki daariteesindi. mexico meeda spanish vijayaniki naayakatvam vahinchina hernon cartes, eee bhoomini jayinchadaaniki keptenlu gonjalo dii alvarado mariyu athani sodarudu pedro dii alvaradoku anumati icchaadu. alvarado modata kakchikel deshamtho pottu pettukoni vaari saampradaaya prathyarthulaina kiche (kwiche) deshaaniki vyatiraekamgaa poraadaadu. alvarado taruvaata kaakchikelku vyatiraekamgaa maari, chivariki mottam praantaanni spanish aadhipatyamloki teesukuvacchaadu.
valasarajyala kaalamlo, gwatemala oka sraavyamaina, speyin yokka kepten general ("capitania general dii gwatemala"), mariyu nyuu speyin (mexico) loe oka bhaagam. modati rajadhani, villa dii santiago dii gwatemala (ippudu techpan gwatemala anie pilustaaru), 25 juulai 1524naa kakchikel rajadhani nagaram iximche sameepamlo sthaapinchabadindi. villa dii santiago dii gwatemalapai kakchikel daadi phalitamgaa 1527 november 22naa rajadhaanini siudad viyejaaku marcharu. america pasiphik teeramlo daani vyuuhaatmaka sthaanam kaaranamgaa, gwatemala spanish yaajamaanyamloni phillippeans dwara latin americanu asiato anusandhaaninche transposiphic maneela gallion vaanijyaaniki anubandha kendramgaa maarindi.
1541 septembaru 11naa, bhaarii varshaalu mariyu bhookampaala kaaranamgaa agua agniparvatam bilamlooni sarassu koolipoyinappudu kotta rajadhani varadalu sambhavinchindi; aaa taruvaata rajadhaanini ippudu unesco prapancha vaarasatva pradaesamaina panchoy loyaloni aantiguvaaku marcharu. eee nagaram aneka bhookampaalatho naasanam cheyabadindi. ermita loyalo unna daani prastuta pradaesaaniki rajadhaanini taralinchadaaniki speyin raaju adhikaram icchaadu, dheeniki virgen dell carmencu ankitam cheyabadina catholic charchi paeru pettaru. eee kotta rajadhani 2 janavari 1776naa sthaapinchabadindi.
swaatantryam mariyu madhya america (1821-1847).
1821 septembaru 15naa, gabino gainza fernandez dii medrano mariyu chiapas, gwatemala, ell salvador, nikaraguwa, costa rica mariyu honduraalato kuudina spanish saamrajyam yokka paripalana praantam gwatemala yokka kepten general, gwatemala nagaramlo jarigina bahiranga samavesamlo speyin nundi thana swaatantryaanni adhikarikamga prakatinchaaru. speyin nundi swaatantryam pondindi, mariyu gwatemala yokka kepten general augustin dii itterbid aadhvaryamlo modati mexican saamrajyamlo cheraadu.
modati saamrajyam krinda, mexico uttara california nundi madhya america praavinsula varaku (panama minaha, idhi appudu columbialo bhaagamgaa undedi) vistarinchi, daani goppa praadaesika vyaaptiki cherukundi, idhi praarambhamlo mexican saamrajyamlo bhaagam kaavadaaniki aamodinchaledu, conny vaari swaatantryam vacchina ventane saamrajyamlo cherindi. eee praantam valasarajyala kaalam antataa kotta speyin vaisrayaltilo adhikarikamga bhaagamgaa undedi, conny aacharanaatmaka vishayamgaa vidigaa nirvahinchabadindi. 1825 varaku gwatemala thana sonta jendaanu srushtinchaledu.
srushtinchaledu honduran nayakudu francisco morazon mariyu gwatemalan jose francisco barundia yokka udaaravaada dalaalu gwatemalapai daadi chesi shaan surr cherukunnayi, akkada vaaru rafale karrera yokka maama ayina chuva alvaarejnu uriteesaaru, appudu sainika commander mariyu taruvaata gwatemala yokka modati adhyakshudu. gwatemalan kaadillo anucharulaku heccharikagaa udaaravaada dalaalu alvarez talanu paik meeda uriteesaayi. carrera mariyu athani bhaarya petrona-vaaru dandayaatra gurinchi telusukunna ventane morajannu edurkovadaniki vacchi, matacuskintlalo unnaaru-vaaru morajannu athani samaadhilo kooda eppatikee kshaminchabomani pramaanam chesaaru; kutumba sabhyulaku prateekaaram teerchukooni evarinee gowravinchadam asadhyam anie vaaru bhaavinchaaru.
aneka mandhi raayabaarulanu pampina taruvaata, vaarini carrera sweekarinchadu-mukhyamgaa barundia kaadu, carrera challani raktamtho hatya cheyalanukoledu-morazon kaalina bhoomi daadini praarambhinchaadu, thana maargamlo unna gramalanu naasanam chesi, vaatini aastulanu tolaginchaadu. karrera dalaalu parvathaalalo dakkovalasi vachindi. karrera puurtigaa odipoyindani nammina morazon mariyu barrandia gwatemala nagaraniki kavaatu chesaaru, mariyu rashtra governor pedro valenzuvela mariyu sampradaayavaada sabhyulu rakshakudiga swaagatinchaaru, vaaru udaaravaada betalianlalo okadaanni spaansar cheyaalani pratipaadinchaaru, ayithe valenzuvela mariyu barundia morajanku thana vadda unna edainaa aardhika samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki avasaramaina anni gwatemalan vanarulanu icchaaru. rendu paarteela creolose chivaraku morazon vanti creoloo kaadillo undani tellavaarujaamu varaku veduka chesukunnaru, athanu raitu tirugubaatunu anichivesaaru.
morazon laas altosku maddatu ivvadaaniki aaa aadaayaanni upayoginchaadu, aapai valenjuvelanu aisinena vamsaaniki chendina mariano rivera paajtho bharti chesaadu, ayinappatikee athanu athanu japthu chesina yea aastini aaa vamsaaniki tirigi ivvaledu. prateekaaramgaa, juvan jose dii aisinena vai pinol kontakaalam tarvaata shaan saalvadaarloni central american federationnu raddu cheyadaaniki ootu vaesaadu, morazon thana samakhya aadesam kosam pooraadataaniki ell saalvadaarku tirigi raavadaaniki balavantam chesaadu. maargam venta, morazon thoorpu gwatemalalo anachivetanu penchindi, idhi kaareraaku sahayam chesinanduku sikshagaa. morazon ell salvador vellaadani telisi, currera migili unna chinna dalamtho salamanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki prayatninchaadu, conny odipoyaadu, mariyu yuddhamlo thana sodarudu laurenonu kolpoyadu. koddimandi matrame migili undagaa, athanu teevramgaa gayapadina athanu tappinchukogaligaadu. kontavaraku kolukunna taruvaata, athanu jutiapaloni oka dalampai daadi chesi, thanatho paatu vacchina swachchanda sevakulaku icchina chinna mottamlo dopideeni pondaadu. aaa taruvaata athanu gwatemala nagaraniki sameepamlo petapa meeda daadi cheyadaaniki siddamayyaadu, akkada athanu bhaarii praananashtamto vijayam saadhinchaadu.
aaa samvatsaram septemberlo, carrera gwatemala rajadhaanipai daadi cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu, kaani liberal general carlos salazar castro villa newa polaallo atanni oodinchaadu mariyu carrera venakki taggavalasi vachindi. quetzaltenangonu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki viphalamaina taruvaata, currera tananu taanu chuttumutty gayapadinatlu kanugonnadu. athanu athanu vicente philisola vachinappati nundi quetzaltenangolo unna mexican general augustin guzmanku longipovalsi vachindi. morajanku karreraanu kaalchadaaniki avakaasam labhinchindi, conny ell saalvadaarloni francisco ferreira daadulanu edurkovadaniki gwatemalan raitula maddatu avasaram kaavadamtho athanu alaa cheyaledu. badulugaa, morazon etuvanti aayudhalu lekunda mitaalooni oka chinna kotaku baadhyata vahistuu careranu vidichipettadu. morazon ell salvador paie daadi cheyabotunnadani telisi, francisco ferreira carreraku aayudhalu mariyu mandugundu saamagrini icchi, gwatemala nagarampai daadi cheyamani oppinchaadu.
intalo, karrera mariyu athani dalaalanu khachitamgaa anichivesenduku pattubattina salaha unnappatikee, salazar athanitho doutyaparamgaa charchalu jarapadaniki prayatninchaadu; villa nueva yuddham nundi gwatemalan rajadhani kotanu tolaginchadam dwara taanu karreraaku bhayapadaledani ledhaa nammaledani choopinche varaku kooda vellaadu. salazar yokka manchi vishwaasam mariyu ferreira yokka aayudhalanu sadviniyogam chesukuni, currera 1839 april 13naa gwatemala nagaranni aascharyaparichindi; currera yokka sainikula raakaku mundhe salazar, mariano galvez mariyu barundia paaripoyaaru. salazar, thana nait shartulo, porugu illa paikappulanu bhadraparichi, raitu maaruveshamlo sarihadduku cherukuni aasrayam pondaadu. salazar vellipovadamto, currera rivera paajnu rashtra adhipatigaa punaruddharinchaadu.
1838 mariyu 1840 madhya quetzaltenango nagaramlo vaerpaatuvaada udyamam vidipoyina laas altos rashtraanni sthaapinchi gwatemala nundi swaatantryam korindi. gwatemala liberal party yokka atyanta mukhyamaina sabhyulu mariyu sampradaayavaada paalana yokka udaaravaada satruvulu ell salvadorlo tama bahishkarananu vadili laas altosku vellaaru. laas altos looni udaaravaadulu rivera paaj yokka sampradaayavaada prabhutvaanni teevramgaa vimarsinchadam praarambhinchaaru. laas altos anedi puurvapu gwatemala rashtram yokka pradhana utpatti mariyu aardhika kaaryakalaapaalato kuudina praantam. laas altos lekunda, madhya americalo gwatemala aadhipatyaanni icchina aneka vanarulanu sampradaayavaadulu kolpoyaru. gwatemala prabhutvam saantiyuta parishkaaraaniki prayatninchindi, conny rendu samvatsaraala raktapaata sangharshana jarigindi.
1839 april 17naa gwatemala madhya americaloni samyukta raashtraala nundi swatantramgaa prakatinchukundi. prakatinchukundi, madhya americalo prabhavam choope prayatnamlo belgium currera swaatantrya udyamaaniki bahya maddatu vanarugaa panicheyadam praarambhinchindi. belgian raaju modati leopold niyaminchina "compagny belz dii valasarajyala samstha" (belgian valasarajyala samstha), madhya america vaanijya mariyu vyavasaya samstha yokka viphalamaina british thoorpu teeram sthaanamlo santo tomas dii castilla yokka nirvahakudu ayyadu. kaalanee chivariki kuppakuulinappatikii, 19va sataabdam madhyalo belgium karreraaku maddatu ivvadam konasaaginchindi, ayithe britton karreraaku pradhana vyapara mariyu raajakeeya bhagaswamiga konasaagindi. rafale currera currera gwatemalan governorga ennikayyaaru.
ganatantram.
21 marchi 1847naa, gwatemala tananu taanu swatantra ganatantramgaa prakatinchindi mariyu currera daani modati adhyakshudayyadu.
karrera prabhutvam (1847-1851).
adhyakshudiga modati padaveekaalamlo, currera deshaanni teevramaina sampradaayavaadam nundi saampradaaya mitavaadaaniki tirigi teesukuvacchaadu; teesukuvacchaadu;, desham aneka nelalugaa gandaragolamlo unna taruvaata, udaaravaadulu atanni padavi nundi tarimikottagaligaaru. currera thana swantha ishtanusaram rajinama chesi meksikoku bayaludaeraadu. kotta udaaravaada paalana aisinena kutumbamtho pottu pettukundi mariyu athanu gwatemalan mattiki tirigi vasthe carreranu uriteeyaalani aadesistuu oka chattanni vaegamgaa aamodinchindi.
quetzaltenango nundi udaaravaada creolosku general augustin guzman naayakatvam vahinchaaru, athanu adhyaksha karyalayanni swaadheenam chesukovadaniki koregidar general mariano paredsnu gwatemala nagaraniki pilichina taruvaata nagaranni aakraminchaadu. laas altos marosari swatantra raajyamgaa undani vaaru 1848 augustu 26naa prakatinchaaru. kotta raashtraaniki ell salvador looni doroto vasconcelos paalana mariyu carreraku satruvulugaa pramaana sweekaaram chesina vicent mariyu serapio cruze yokka tirugubaatu gerilla sainyam maddatu kaligi undhi. taatkaalika prabhutvaaniki guzman swayamgaa naayakatvam vahinchaadu mariyu florencio molina mariyu poojaari fernando davila thana cabinet sabhyuluga unnaaru. 1848 septembaru 5naa, creolose altenses fernando antonio martinez netrutvamloni adhikaarika prabhutvaanni ennukunnaaru.
intalo, currera gwatemalaku tirigi raavaalani nirnayinchukunnadu, huetenangolo pravesinchi, akkada sthaanika nayakulanu kalusukuni, vaaru vijayam saadhinchadaaniki aikyamgaa undaalani vaariki cheppadu; nayakulu angeekarinchaaru mariyu nemmadigaa verucheyabadina sthaanika samajalu currera naayakatvamlo kotta bharatiya gurtimpunu abhivruddhi cheyadam praarambhinchaayi. intalo, gwatemala thoorpu bhaagamlo, jalapa praantam marinta pramaadakaramgaa maarindi; maajee adhyakshudu mariano rivera paaj mariyu tirugubaatu nayakudu vicente cruze iddaroo (1851-1865) koregidar karyalayanni swaadheenam chesukovadaniki prayatninchina taruvaata akkada hatya cheyabaddaaru.
currera huetenangoloni chiantlaku cherukunnappudu, athanu rendu altenses dhoothalanu andukunnadu, vaaru tama sainikulu thana dalaalatoe poradatam ledani, endukante adhi 1840 maadirigaane sthaanika tirugubaatuku daariteestundani, vaaru sthaanikulanu adupulo unchaalani matrame korarani chepparu. altenselu anugunamgaa laevu, mariyu guzman mariyu athani dalaala netrutvamlo, vaaru karreraanu vembadinchadam praarambhinchaaru; kaadillo daakkunnaadu, athani sthaanika mitraraajyaala sahayamtho mariyu gwatemala nagaram nundi athani kosam vetukutuu vacchina miguel garsia granados dalaalu vaari rakshanalo undipoyaayi.
adhikari jose victor jawala suchitepekwejlo corregidarga niyaminchabaddaadani telusukunnappudu, currera mariyu athani vanda jacalteco angarakshakulu jaagvarlato nindina pramaadakaramaina adavini daati thana maajee snehitudini kalisaaru. jawala atanni pattukovadame kakunda, athani aadesaala meraku panicheyadaaniki angeekarinchaadu, tadwara gwatemala nagaramloni udaaravaadulu mariyu sampradaayavaadulu iddaroo kaareraato charchalu jarapalani ledhaa rendu rangaalalo yuddham cheyavalasi untundani balamaina sandesaanni pampaadu-quetzaltenango mariyu jalapa. currera tirigi quetzaltenango praantaaniki vellaadu, ayithe jawala vyuuhaatmaka yuktigaa suchitepekwejlone undipoyaadu. currera paredes cabinet sabhyudini sandarsinchi, sthaanika janabhapai tanaku niyantrana undani, vaarini saantimpajestaanani haamii icchaanani cheppadu. dhootha gwatemala nagaraniki tirigi vachinappudu, athanu carrera cheppina pratidaanni adhyakshudiki cheppadu, mariyu sthaanika dalaalu baleeyamainavani jodinchaadu.
guzman maroka paredes dhoothala brundaanni kalavadaniki aantigvaaku vellaadu; laas altos gwatemalalo tirigi chaerataarani, mariyu taruvaatidi guzman thana satruvunu oodinchadaaniki mariyu pasiphik mahasamudramlo odarevunu nirminchadaaniki kooda sahaayapadutundani vaaru angeekarinchaaru. eee saari vijayam khayamani guzman nischayinchukunnaadu, conny athanu lenappudu currera mariyu athani sthaanika mitrulu quetzaltenangonu aakraminchinappudu athani pranaalika aaviraipoyindi; currera ignacio irigoyennu koregidarga niyaminchi, eee praantaanni niyantranalo unchadaaniki athanu kiche, kyu 'anjobal mariyu maam naayakulatoe kalisi panicheyaalani oppinchaadu. bayataku velutunnappudu, irigoyen oka snehitudito ilaa gonugudu "ippudu athanu bhaaratheeyulaku raaju, nijamgaa!"
guzman appudu jalapaku bayaludaeraadu, akkada athanu tirugubaatudaarulato oppandam kudurchukunnadu, ayithe luis bottress jurros adhyakshudini karreraatho vyavaharinchamani oppinchaadu. konni nelallone gwatemala nagaramlo tirigi, currera commander-inn-cheefga unnaaru, janasaandrata kaligina paschima ettaina praantaala nundi bharatiya samaajaala sainika mariyu raajakeeya maddatu dheeniki maddatugaa undhi. modati adhyaksha padaviloe, 1844 nundi 1848 varaku, athanu deshaanni adhika sampradaayavaadam nundi mitavaada palanaku tirigi teesukuvacchaadu, mariyu-juvan jose dii aisinina vai pinol mariyu pedro dii aisinina aisinina aamodinchabadina oppandamtho romloni charchitho sambandhaalanu punaruddharinchaadu.
rendava karrera prabhutvam (1851-1865).
(1851-1865) currera bahishkarana nundi tirigi vacchina taruvaata ell salvador adhyakshudu dorotio vasconselos gwatemalan udaaravaadulaku aasrayam manjuru chesaaru, vaaru gwatemalan prabhutvaanni aneka vidhaluga vedhinchaaru. aaa nirdishta prayojanam kosam jose francisco barundia oka udaaravaada vaartaapatrikanu sthaapinchaaru. thoorpu gwatemalalo "laa montana" anae tirugubaatu vargaaniki vasconcelos maddatu icchi, dabbu, aayudhalanu andinchi, pampinhee chesaadu. 1850 chivari natiki, gwatemalatho yuddham nemmadigaa purogamistunnanduna vasconcelos asahanam chendhi, bahiranga daadini plaan cheyaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. aaa paristhitiloo, salvadorian rashtra adhipati sampradaayavaada gwatemalan palanaku vyatiraekamgaa oka pracharanni praarambhinchaadu, kootamilo paalgonadaaniki honduras mariyu nikaraagvaalanu ahvaninchadu; juvan lindo netrutvamloni honduran prabhutvam matrame angeekarinchindi. angeekarinchindi gwatemala laa arada yuddhamlo honduras mariyu ell salvador nundi mitraraajyaala sainyanni odinchindi.
odinchindi karrera thana vaarasudini ennukune adhikaaramtho jeevitaantam "deshaaniki atyunnata mariyu shaashwata nayakudu" gaa prakatinchabaddaadu. 1865 april 14naa maraninche varaku ayana aaa padavini konasaaginchaaru. ayithe sampradaayavaada bhuuswaamulanu santoshapettadaaniki aardhika sreyassu kosam punaadi vaeyadaaniki konni charyalu teesukunnaru, intlo sainika savaallu mariyu honduras, ell salvador mariyu nikaraagvaalato moodu samvatsaraala yuddham ayana adhyaksha padaviloe aadhipatyam chelaayinchindi.
ell salvador adhyakshudu gerardo bariosto athani satrutvam satrutvam bahiranga yuddhaaniki daariteesindi. kotpek vadda gwaatemaalanlu teevramaina otamini chavichusaru, aaa taruvaata sandhi jarigindi. honduraalu ell salvador thoo, mariyu nikaraguwa mariyu costa rica gwatemalatho cheraaru. chivaraku eee pootii shaan salvadarnu muttadinchi aakraminchi, honduras, nikaraagvaalapai aadhipatyam chelaayinchina karreraaku anukuulamgaa parishkarinchabadindi. athanu mataadhikaari paarteetho kalisi panicheyadam konasaginchadu mariyu european prabhutvaalato snehapoorvaka sambandhaalanu konasaaginchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. athanu chanipoye mundu, currera thana snehitudu mariyu nammakamaina sainikudu, armi marshal vicent serna vai sernanu thana varasudiga niyaminchaadu.
vicente serna vai serna paalana (1865-1871).
vicente serna vai serna 24 mae 1865 nundi 29 juun 1871 varaku gwatemala adhyakshudiga unnaaru. marshal serna prabhutvaanni eee krindi paddhatiloo vivarinchina udaaravaadi rachaitah
rashtram mariyu charchi oke unit, mariyu sampradaayavaada paalana catholic charchi yokka saadhaarana mataadhikaarula saktitoe balamgaa anubandhinchabadindi, vaaru appudu gwatemalalo atipedda bhuswamulalo unnaaru. charchi mariyu rajyam madhya gatti sambandhaanni 1852 naati oppandam aamodinchindi, idhi viplavam" serna tolaginchabade varaku chattam. rafale currera yokka raajakeeya mariyu sainika uniki atanni aacharanatmakamgaa ajeyamgaa chesindani udaaravaada generals kooda grahinchaaru. aaa vidhamgaa generals athani aadhvaryamlo poraadaaru, mariyu chaalaa kaalam paatu-currera maranam varaku-tammer sernaku vyatiraekamgaa tama tirugubaatunu praarambhinchae mundu vechi unnaaru. serna adhyaksha padaviloe unnappudu, liberal party sabhyulanu vichaarinchi bahishkarinchaaru; vaarilo 1871 naati udaaravaada viplavanni praarambhinchina vaaru unnaaru.
viplavam", vaanijya sanghamaina consulado dii camercio, vaari pratyeka nyaayasthaana adhikaranni kolpoyindi. avi aaa kaalapu aardhika vyavasthapai, anduvalla bhuu nirvahanapai pedda prabhavalanu chupayi. 1839 nundi 1871 varaku, consulado paalanalo sthiramaina guttadhipatya sthaanaanni kaligi undhi.
udaaravaada prabhutvaalu (1871-1898).
gwatemala yokka "udaara viplavam" viplavam" justo rufino barrios naayakatvamlo vachindi, veeru deshaanni aadhuneekarinchadaaniki, vaanijyaanni meruguparachadaaniki mariyu kotta pantalu mariyu tayaareeni pravesapettadaaniki krushi chesaaru. eee yugamlo coffey gwatemalaku mukhyamaina pantagaa maarindi. barrios madhya americanu tirigi ekam cheyalane aasayaalanu kaligi unnadu mariyu daanini saadhinchadaaniki viphalamaina prayatnamlo deshaanni yuddhaaniki teesukuvellaadu, teesukuvellaadu ell saalvadaarloni dalaalaku vyatiraekamgaa yuddhabhoomilo thana praanaanni kolpoyadu.
1886 marchi 16 nundi 1892 marchi 15 varaku manueval barillas adhyakshudiga unnaaru. 1871 mariyu 1944 madhya gwatemala udaaravaada adhyakshulalo manueval barillas pratyekamainavaaduh athanu thana vaarasudiki saantiyutamgaa adhikaranni appaginchaadu. ennikala samayam sameepinchinappudu, vaari prabhutva pranaalika emito adagadaniki ayana mugguru udaaravaada abhyardhulanu pampaaru. general raenaa barrios nundi vinna daanitoe santoshinchina baryllas, quetzaltenango mariyu totikapan sthaanika prajala bhaarii samuuham ataniki ootu vaeyadaaniki parvataala nundi digivachela chusaru. raenaa adhyakshuraligaa ennikayyaaru. 
jose maria reena barrios 1892 mariyu 1898 madhya adhyakshudiga unnaaru. barrios modati padaveekaalamlo, graameena raitulapai bhuswamula adhikaram perigindi. athanu gwatemala nagaramloni konni bhaagaalanu vistrutamaina, parisian-shaili maargaalato pedda ettuna punarnirminchadaanni paryaveekshinchaadu. athanu athanu modati "exposician centroamericana" ("central american fair") nuu nirvahinchadaaniki gwatemalanu paryaveekshinchaadu. thana rendava padaveekaalamlo, barrios thana pratishtaatmaka pranaalikalaku nidhulu samakuurchadaaniki baandlanu mudrinchaadu, dravyolbananiki mariyu athani palanaku prajala vyatiraekata peragadaaniki aajyam poesaadu.
ayana paripalana rahadaarulanu meruguparachadam, jaateeya mariyu antarjaateeya telegraph lanu erpaatu cheyadam mariyu gwatemala nagaraniki vidyuttunu pravesapettadam vanti vaatipai kooda panichesindi. panama kaaluva inca nirminchani samayamlo antarjaateeya pettubadidaarulanu aakarshinchadame lakshyamtho, samudraantara railvenu puurti cheyadam athani prabhutvam yokka pradhana lakshyam.
manuel estrada cabrera paalana (1898-1920).
1898 fibravari 8naa general jose maria reena barrios hatya taruvaata, gwatemalan mantrivargam kotta vaarasudini niyaminchadaaniki atyavasara samavesanni pilichindi, ayithe estrada cabreranu samavesaniki aahvaaninchadaaniki niraakarinchindi, ayinappatikee athanu adhyaksha padaviki niyaminchabadina varasudu. cabrera elaa adhyakshudayyadu anedaaniki rendu ververu vivaranalu unnaayi. modatidi, cabrera adhyaksha padaviki thana hakkunu nokki cheppadaniki cabinet samavesamloki "thupaakeetho dra" chesinatlu perkondi, rendavadi athanu samavesaniki niraayudhamgaa vacchaadani mariyu niyaminchabadina varasudiga undatam dwara adhyaksha padavini demand chesaadani perkondi.
50 samvatsaraalalo mottamodati poura gwatemalan deshadhinetha ayina estrada cabrera, 1898 augustu natiki thana palanaku pratighatananu adhigaminchi, septemberlo ennikalaku pilupunicchaaru, andulo ayana vijayavantamayyaaru. vijayavantamayyaaru saasanasabha adhyakshudu estrada cabrera ennika kosam samavesamaindi, poura dustulalo ootu vaeyadaaniki vellina pedda sankhyalo sainikulu mariyu pooliisulaku mariyu vaaru tamatho paatu ennikalaku teesukuvacchina pedda sankhyalo niraksharaasyulaina kutumbaaniki krutagnatalu teluputuu vijayam saadhinchaaru.
estrada cabrera yokka atyanta prasiddha mariyu atyanta chedhu vaarasatvaalalo okati united fruit company (ufco) nuu gwatemalan aardhika mariyu raajakeeya rangamloki pravesinchadaaniki anumatinchadam. liberal party sabhyudiga, egumati aardhika vyavasthanu vistarinchadam kosam rahadaarulu, railumargalu mariyu samudra naukaasrayaala moulika sadupayala abhivruddhini prothsahinchadaaniki ayana prayatninchaaru. estrada cabrera adhyaksha padavini sweekarinche samayaniki puerto barrios pradhana naukaasrayam nundi rajadhani gwatemala nagaram varaku railumarganni nirminchadaaniki padepade prayatnaalu jarigaayi. antargata coffey vaanijyam kuppakooladam valla nidhula korata teevrataram kaavadamtho, railway thana lakshyanni cherukolekapoyindi. estrada cabrera, saasanasabha ledhaa nyaayavyavasthanu sampradinchakundaa, ufcku oppandam kudurchukovadame railvenu puurti cheyadaaniki ekaika maargam anie nirnayinchukundi. cabrera cabrera ufco yokka chinna cooper keettho oka oppandampai santakam chesindi, idhi companyki pannu minahaayimpulu, bhoomi manjuru mariyu atlantic vaipu unna anni railroadla niyantrananu ichindi.
ichindi estrada thana palanaku vyatiraekamgaa teevramaina tirugubaatlanu edurkondi; tirugubaatudaarulaku konni itara madhya america deshaala prabhutvaalu maddatu icchaayi, conny estrada vaarini anachiveyadamlo vijayam saadhinchindi. estrada cabrera ishtaniki vyatiraekamgaa prajalu ennikalu nirvahinchaaru, tadwara prateekaaramgaa ayana adhyakshudiga ennikaina vyaktini hatya chesaaru. bayatapaddadu estrada thana vahanam sameepamlo bambu paeladamtoe hatyayatnam nundi thrutilo bayatapaddadu. bayatapaddadu athani praanaalanu teese prayatnam varaku estrada yokka teevra nirankusa lakshanaalu udbhavinchaledani soochinchabadindi.
soochinchabadindi gwatemala bhookampamlo gwatemala nagaram teevramgaa debbatindi.
debbatindi kotta tirugubatla taruvaata rajinama cheyavalasi vachhe varaku estrada cabrera adhikaaramlo konasagaru. aaa samayaniki athani adhikaram baga ksheeninchindi mariyu athanu kontamandi sainikaadhikaarula vidheyatapai aadharapaddadu. viplavam dwara aayananu tolagiste jokyam chesukuntamani united states bedirinchinappatikii, aayananu adhyaksha padavi nundi tolaginchadaaniki dwaipaakshika sankeernam kalisi vachindi. ayana maanasikamgaa asamarthudani jaateeya assembly aaropinchina taruvaata aayananu padavi nundi tolaginchi, 1920 april 8naa ayana sthaanamlo carlos hereraanu niyaminchaaru.
gwatemala 9 september 1921 nundi 14 janavari 1922 varaku madhya america samakhyalo ell salvador mariyu honduras thoo kalisindi.
carlos herrera 1920 nundi 1921 varaku gwatemala adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru. ayana taruvaata jose maria orelana, 1921 nundi 1926 varaku panicheesaaru. lazaro chackon gonzalez 1931 varaku panicheesaaru.
georg ubiko paalana (1931-1944).
mahaa maandyam maandyam praarambhamaindi mariyu gwatemala aardhika vyavasthanu teevramgaa debbateesindi, nirudyogam peragadaaniki kaaranamaindi mariyu kaarmikulu mariyu kaarmikulalo asaantiki daariteesindi. prajaadarana pondina tirugubaatuku bhayapadi, gwatemalan bhuswamya unnatavargam, praantiiya governorga "saamarthyam mariyu krooratvam" kuu prasiddhi chendina georg ubiko kuu tama maddatunu ichindi. ichindi jarigina ennikallo ubiko vijayam saadhinchaadu, andulo ayana okkare abhyardhigaa unnaaru. ayana ennikaina taruvaata ayana vidhanalu twaragaa nirankusamgaa marai. athanu runa punage vyavasthanu krooramgaa amalu chesina akrama ravana chattamtho bharti chesaadu, bhoomini kaligi laeni pani chese vayassu gala purushulandaruu kaneesam 100 rojula kashtapadi panicheyaalani korukunnadu. ayana prabhutvam roadlu, railvela nirmaanaaniki chellinchani bharatiya kaarmikulanu upayoginchindi. ubiko kooda chaalaa takkuva sthaayilo vaetanaalanu stambhimpajesindi, mariyu bhuu yajamaanulu tama aastini rakshinchadaaniki teesukunna yea charyakaina vichaarana nundi puurti minahaayimpunu anumatinche chattanni aamodinchindi, eee charyanu charitrakaarulu hatyanu chattabaddham chese charyaga abhivarninchaaru. athanu pooliisu balaganni baga balopetam chesi, latin americalo atyanta samarthavanthamaina mariyu krooramaina dalaalalo okatigaa marchadu. kaarmika chattalanu ullanghinchinatlu anumaaninchina vyaktulanu kalchi, khaidu cheyadaaniki ayana vaariki ekkuva adhikaram icchaadu. eee chattalu vyavasaya kaarmikulalo aayanapai vipareetamaina agrahanni srushtinchaayi. prabhutvam atyanta sainikeekarinchabadindi; athani paalanalo, prati praantiiya governor sainyamlo generalga undevaaru.
ubiko united fruit companyki bhaarii raayiteelu ichhe thana puurveekula vidhananni konasaginchadu, tarachugaa gwatemalaku kharchu petti. athanu odarevunu nirmistaanani vaagdaanam chesinanduku badulugaa companyki prabhutva bhoomini manjuru chesaadu, aaa vaagdaanaanni athanu taruvaata vadulukunnadu. gwatemalalo pravesinchinappati nundi, united fruit company raitulanu sthaanabhramsham chesi, vaari vyavasaya bhoomini arati thotalugaa marchadam dwara thana bhuuswaamulanu vistarinchindi. ubiko adhyakshatana eee prakriya vegavantamaindi, prabhutvam daanini aapadaniki aemee cheyaledu. company prabhutvam nundi digumati sunkam mariyu real estate pannu minahaayimpulanu pondindi mariyu itara vyaktulu ledhaa samuuhaala kante ekkuva bhoomini niyantrinchindi. idhi desamloni ekaika railroad, vidyuttunu utpatti cheyagala ekaika soukaryaalu mariyu atlantic teeramloni puerto barrios vadda odarevu soukaryaalanu kooda niyantrinchindi.
mexico communistu bedirimpuku vyatiraekamgaa united statesnu ubiko mitraraajyamgaa chusindi mariyu daani maddatunu pondadaaniki prayatnaalu chesindi. chesindi america germanypai yuddham prakatinchinappudu, ubiko america suuchanala meraku vyavaharinchi, german santatiki chendina gwaatemaalaaloni prajalandarinee arrestu chesindi. panama kaaluvanu rakshinchaalane perkonna lakshyamtho gwatemalalo vaimanika sthaavaraanni erpaatu cheyadaaniki kooda ayana americaku anumati icchaaru. ayithe, ubiko francico franco mariyu benito mussolini vanti european faasistula abhimani, mariyu tananu taanu "maroka nepolian" gaa bhavinchukunnadu. athanu appudappudu tananu taanu adolph hitlertho polchukunnadu. athanu aadambaramgaa dustulu dharinchi, nepolian vigrahalu mariyu chitraalato tananu taanu chuttumuttukunnadu, vaati roopaala madhya saaruupyatalapai kramam tappakunda vyakhyaaninchaadu. athanu tapala karyalayam, paatasaalalu mariyu symphany archestralatho sahaa aneka raajakeeya mariyu saamaajika samsthalanu sainikeekarinchaadu mariyu sainika adhikaarulanu aneka prabhutva postulaku baadhyata vahinchaevaaru.
gwatemalan viplavam (1944-1954).
1944 juulai 1naa thotala kaarmikulalo krooramaina kaarmika paristhitula nundi prerana pondina nirasanalu mariyu saadhaarana sammeku pratispandanagaa ubiko adhyaksha padaviki rajinama cheyavalasi vachindi. athani sthaanamlo niyaminchabadina general juvan federico pones wides, 20 october 1944naa majer francisco javier arana mariyu kepten jacobo arbenz guzman netrutvamloni tirugubaatu dwara padavi nundi balavantamgaa tolaginchabaddaadu. eee tirugubaatulo daadaapu 100 mandhi maraninchaaru. appudu arana, arbenz mariyu georg toriello garidolato kuudina sainika sainyam deshaaniki naayakatvam vahinchindi.
junta gwatemala yokka modati swechchaayuta ennikalanu nirvahinchindi, deshaanni udaaravaada pettubadidaarii samajamga marchalanukunna tatvasastra sampradaayavaada rachayita mariyu upadhyayudu juvan jose arevalo 86 saatam majoritytho gelichaaru. ayana "kraistava saamyavaada" vidhanalu chaalaa varaku yuu. ess. nundi prerana pondaayi.ess. adhyakshudu franklin yokka kotta oppandam D. mahaa maandyam samayamlo roosvelt. arevalo kotta aarogya kendraalanu nirminchaadu, vidya kosam nidhulanu penchaadu mariyu marinta udaaramaina kaarmika chattanni roopondinchaadu, adhe samayamlo 500 kante takkuva mandhi kaarmikulatoe pani pradaesaalaloo unionlanu neeramgaa pariganinchi, communistulapy kathina charyalu teesukunnadu. arevalo jaateeyavaadulalo prachuryam pondinappatikee, ataniki charchi mariyu sainyamlo satruvulu unnaaru, mariyu athani adhyaksha padaviloe kaneesam 25 tirugubaatu prayatnaalanu edurkonnadu.
1950 ennikalaloo pootii cheyakunda rajyangabaddhamga nishedhinchabadindi. ekkuvagaa svaechchaayutamaina mariyu nyaayamaina ennikalaloo arevalo rakshana mantri jacobo arbenz guzman vijayam saadhinchaaru. arbenz, arevalo yokka mitavaada pettubadidaarii vidhananni konasaginchadu. ayana atyanta mukhyamaina vidhanam decree 900, idhi pondindi aamodinchabadina vistrutamaina vyavasaya samskarana billu. decree 900 saagu cheyani bhoomini bhoomileni raitulaku badilee chesindi. daadaapu 350,000 private bhuswamulalo 1,710 matrame eee chattam dwara prabhaavitamayyaayi, idhi sumaru 500,000 mandhi vyaktulaku ledhaa janabhalo aarava vanthu mandiki prayojanam chekurchindi.
tirugubaatu mariyu antaryuddham (1954-1996).
desamlo prajaadarana pondinappatikee, gwatemalan viplavam yokka samskaranalu united states prabhutvam ishtapadaledu, idhi pracchanna yuddham kaaranamgaa communistuga chuudataaniki mundundi, mariyu united fruit company (ufco), dheeni atyanta laabhadaayakamaina vyaparam krooramaina kaarmika paddhatula mugimpu dwara prabhaavitamaindi. yuu yokka vaikhari.ess. ufco nirvahinchina prachara pracharam kooda prabhutvaanni prabhaavitam chesindi.
yuu.ess. adhyakshudu harry truman pondindi nikaragwan niyanta anastasio somoja garsia maddatutoe arbenjnu padagottadaaniki operation pibifortuneku adhikaram icchaaru, conny chaalaa vivaralu bahirangamainappudu operation nilipiveyabadindi. dwite dii. isenhover yuu gaa ennikayyaaru.ess. pondindi adhyakshudu, kamyoonijaaniki vyatiraekamgaa kathinamaina vaikharini teesukuntaanani vaagdaanam chesaaru; athani sibbandi sabhyulu zaan foster dulless mariyu allen dulless kuu ufcotho unna sannihita sambandhaalu kooda athanu arbenz kuu vyatiraekamgaa charya teesukoovadaaniki mundugaane siddamayyayi. 1953 augustulo operation pii. bii. ess. yuu. ess. nuu nirvahinchadaaniki isenhover sii. ii. eah. kii adhikaram icchaadu. sii. ii. eah. carlos castillo armas netrutvamloni 480 mandhi sainikula dalaanni saayudham chesi, nidhulu samakuurchindi mariyu sikshana ichindi. 1954 juun 18naa eee dalam gwatemalapai daadi chesindi, dheeniki gwatemala nagaram meeda bambu daadulu mariyu nijamaina vaartalugaa perkone arbenz vyatiraeka radeo stationtho sahaa manasika yuddhaaniki sambandhinchina bhaarii pracharam maddatu ichindi. dandayaatra dalam sainikaparamgaa paelavamgaa panichesindi, conny manasika yuddham mariyu yuu yokka avakaasam.ess. dandayaatra gwatemalan sainyanni bhayapettindi, adhi pooraadataaniki niraakarinchindi. arbenz juun 27naa rajinama chesaaru.
shaan salvadorlo jarigina charchala taruvaata, carlos castillo armas 1954 juulai 7naa adhyakshudayyadu. aktobaru praarambhamlo ennikalu jarigaayi, veetilo anni raajakeeya paarteelu palgonakunda nishedhinchabaddaayi. castillo armas matrame abhyardhigaa 99 saatam otlatho ennikallo vijayam saadhinchaaru. castillo armas 900 decreeni tiragabadi, 1957 juulai 26 varaku paripaalinchaadu, appudu athani vyaktigata gaardu sabhyudu romeo waskwez atanini hatya chesaadu. aaa taruvaata jarigina riggid ennikala taruvaata, general miguel yidigoras fuentes adhikaranni chepattadu. gwatemala pasiphik teeramlo mexican padavalu akramamga chepalu pattadam anae amsampai vairanni antam cheyadaaniki dakshina sarihadduloni vantenapai oka peddamanishi dvandvayuddhaaniki mexican adhyakshudini savaalu chesinanduku athanu jarupukuntaaru, veetilo rendu gwatemalan vaimanika dalam munigipoyayi. gwatemalalo 5,000 castro-vyatiraeka cubanlaku sikshana ivvadaaniki yigoras adhikaram icchaadu. icchaadu america praayojita, viphalamaina bay off piggs dandayaatra kosam athanu petten praantamloo vaimanika pattalanu kooda andinchaadu.
1960 november 13naa, "escula polytechnica" jaateeya sainika akaadameeki chendina vamapaksha juuniyar sainika adhikaarula brundam yigoras prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa viphalamaina tirugubaatuku naayakatvam vahinchindi. tirugubaatudaarulu thoorpu gwatemala mariyu poruguna unna honduras parvataalaku paaripoyi mr-13 (movimento revolutionario 13 november) nuu erpaatu chesaaru. 1962 fibravari 6naa, bananeraalo, vaaru united fruit company karyalayalapai daadi chesaaru. eee daadi desavyaaptamgaa saanubhootigala sammelu mariyu vishwavidyaalaya vidyaarthula vaakoutlanu prerepinchindi, dheeniki prabhutvam himsaatmaka anichivethatho pratispandinchindi.
pratispandinchindi, kennedy paripalana yokka balamaina vyatiraekata unnappatikee, yidigoras, pravasam nundi tirigi raavadaaniki mariyu svaechchaayutamaina mariyu bahiranga ennikalaloo paalgonadaaniki anumatistaamani pratigna chesaaru. scheduled november adhyaksha ennikalaku thana abhyardhitvaanni prakatinchadaaniki 1963 marchi 27naa aarevalo tirigi vacchaadu, ayithe marchi 31,1963naa gwatemalan vaimanika dalam aneka sainika sthaavaraalapai daadi chesinappudu yigoras prabhutvam tolaginchabadindi; tirugubaatuku athani rakshana mantri kalnal enrich peralta azurdia naayakatvam vahinchaaru. kotta paalana yidigoras-fuentes aadhvaryamlo praarambhamaina gerillalaku vyatiraekamgaa thana tirugubaatu vyatiraeka pracharanni teevrataram chesindi.
chesindi juuliyoo sejar mendez montenegro "democratic opening" pataakam kinda gwatemala adhyakshudiga ennikayyaaru. mendez montenegro viplavaatmaka party abhyardhi, idhi madhya-vamapaksha party, dheeni muulaalu ubico anantara yugamlo unnaayi. eee samayamlo, "white hanned" ("manoe blanca"), mariyu communist vyatiraeka rahasya sainyam ("agercito secreto anticommunista") vanti mitavaada paramilitary samsthalu erpaddaayi. aaa samuuhaalu aprasiddha "deth squadlaku" mundanjalo undevi. united states armi special forces (green berrets) nundi sainika salahaadaarulanu gwatemala saayudha dalaalaku sikshana ivvadaaniki mariyu daanini aadhunika tirugubaatu-nirodhaka dalamgaa maarchadaaniki sahaayapadataaniki gwatemalaku pampaaru, idhi chivariki madhya americalo atyanta adhunaatanamainadigaa maarindi.
maarindi kalnal carlos manuel arana osorio adhyakshudiga ennikayyaaru. 1972 natiki, gerilla udyama sabhyulu mexico nundi desamloki pravesinchi paschima ettaina praantaalalo sthirapaddaaru. 1974 vivaadaaspada ennikalaloo, general kezel lagered garsia mosapurita vijayam dwara mosapoyanani perkonna christian democratic party abhyardhi general ephrain reos maantnu oodinchaaru.
1976 fibravari 4naa sambhavinchina oka pedda bhookampam aneka nagaralanu dhvamsam chesindi mariyu 25,000 mandiki paiga maranaalaku kaaranamaindi, mukhyamgaa pedallo, vaari gruhalu naanhyata takkuvagaa undevi. bhookampam taruvaata vaegamgaa spandinchadamlo mariyu niraasrayula upasamanam pondadamlo prabhutvam vaiphalyam vistrutamaina asantruptiki daariteesindi, idhi perugutunna praja asaantiki dohadapadindi. general romeo lucas garsia garsia mosapurita ennikalaloo adhikaranni chepattadu.
chepattadu rendu kotta gerilla samsthalu, paedala gerilla sainyam (ii. zii. pii) mariyu aayudhalalo unna prajala samstha (orpaa) aavirbhavinchaayi. vaaru pradhanamgaa sainyam mariyu sainyam yokka kontamandi poura maddatudaarulaku vyatiraekamgaa pattana mariyu graameena yuddhaalatho kuudina gerilla daadulanu praarambhinchaaru. sainyam mariyu paramilitary dalaalu krooramaina tirugubaatu-nirodhaka pooraatamtoe pratispandinchaayi, dheeni phalitamgaa padula vaela mandhi pourulu maraninchaaru. maraninchaaru, yuu.ess. appati varaku prabhutva dalaalaku praja maddatunu andistunna adhyakshudu jimmy carter, maanava hakkula vistrutamaina mariyu kramabaddhamaina durviniyogam kaaranamgaa gwatemalan sainyaniki anni sainika sahayalanu nishedhinchaalani aadesinchaaru. edemaina, rahasya maargaala dwara, carter samvatsaraallo american sahayam konasaginatlu soochinche patraalu appati nundi veluguloki vachayi.
1980 janavari 31naa, graameena praantaallo sainika oochakotaku nirasanaga sthaanika kiche brundam spanish rayabara karyalayanni swaadheenam chesukundi. gwatemala prabhutva saayudha dalaalu daadi praarambhinchi, bhavanam agniki aahutaina mantallo lopala unna daadaapu prati okkaroo maraninchaaru. kaaryakartalu nippantinchaarani, tadwara tamanu taamu kaalchukunnaarani gwatemala prabhutvam perkondi. ayithe spanish rayabari agni nundi bayatapadi, eee vaadananu vyatiraekimchaaru, gwatemalan pooliisulu uddeshapoorvakamgaa lopala unna prati okkarinee champi, vaari charyala jadalanu cheripiveyadaaniki nippantinchaarani chepparu. phalitamgaa, speyin prabhutvam gwatemalatho dautya sambandhaalanu tenchukundi.
eee prabhutvam geluchukunnaru padagottabadindi mariyu general ephrain reos mont sainika junta adhyakshudiga niyaminchabaddaadu. athanu himsa, balavantamgaa adrushyam mariyu "kaalipoyina bhoomi" yuddham vanti raktapaata poraataanni konasaginchadu. eee palanaku reegan paripalana nundi gananeeyamaina maddatu labhinchinappatikii, desham antarjaateeyamgaa paria rashtramgaa maarindi, mariyu reegan swayamgaa reos maantnu "goppa vyaktigata samagrata kaligina vyakti" gaa abhivarninchaaru."reos maantnu general askar humberto mejia victores padagottadu, athanu kotta raajyaamgaanni vraayadaaniki jaateeya rajyanga sabhanu ennukoovaalani pilupunicchaadu, idhi idhi swechchaayuta ennikalaku daariteesindi, dheenini christian democracy party abhyardhi vinicio serezo arevalo geluchukunnaru.
geluchukunnaru, naalugu gerilla samuuhaalu, udaaharanaku, orpaa, phaar mariyu pigity, vileenam ayyi, salvadoran gerilla efmln, nikaragwan fsln mariyu cuba prabhutvanche prabhaavitamai, balopetam kaavadaaniki urngnu erpaatu chesaayi. graameena praantaallo sainyam yokka "kaalipoyina bhoomi" vyuuhaala phalitamgaa, 45,000 mandiki paiga gwaatemaalanlu sarihaddu daati meksikoku paaripoyaaru. mexican prabhutvam saranaarthulanu chiapas mariyu tabascoloni shibiraallo unchindi.
unchindi, swadeshi janabhapai prabhutvam praayojita maranahomam patla antarjaateeya drushtini aakarshinchadaaniki aame chesina prayatnaalaku gaanu regoberta menchuku nobel shanti bahumatini pradaanam chesaaru.
1996-2000.
gwatemalan antaryuddham hakkulu gerillalu mariyu prabhutvam madhya shanti oppandamtho mugisindi, norway mariyu speyin vanti deshaala teevramaina madhyavartitvam dwara aikyaraajyasamiti charchalu jaripindi. irupakshaalu pedda ettuna raayiteelu icchaayi. gerilla yodhulu niraayudhulanu chesi, pani cheyadaaniki bhoomini andukunnaru. U prakaram.enn.-yuddha samayamlo jarigina maanava hakkula ullanghanallo 93 saataaniki paiga praayojita satya commission (chaaritraka vivarana commission), prabhutva dalaalu mariyu prabhutva praayojita, cia-sikshana pondina paramilitarylu baadhyata vahinchaayi.
gatha konni samvatsaraalugaa, poura yuddham samayamlo jarigina neeraalaku sambandhinchina lakshalaadi patraalanu maajee gwatemalan pooliisulu vadalivesinatlu kanugonnaru. antaryuddham samayamlo adrusyamaina 45,000 mandiki paiga gwatemalan kaaryakartala kutumbaalu ippudu digitalize cheyabadina patraalanu sameekshistunnaayi. idhi tadupari chattaparamaina charyalaku daariteeyavachchu.
antaryuddham modati padhi samvatsaraalalo, prabhutva praayojita ugravaada baadhitulu pradhanamgaa vidyaarthulu, kaarmikulu, nipunulu mariyu pratipaksha pramukhulu, conny gatha samvatsaraallo vaaru vaelaadi mandhi ekkuvagaa graameena maaya raitulu mariyu poraatamlo palgonanivaru. 450 kante ekkuva maaya gramalu naasanam cheyabaddaayi mariyu 1 million mandiki paiga prajalu gwatemalalo saranaarthulu ledhaa sthaanabhramsham chendaaru.
chendaaru, gwatemala yokka catholic archdioses chaaritraka ghnaapakasakti (remi) prajectnu punaruddharinchadam praarambhinchindi, dheenini spaanishlo "ell proecto dii laa recuperatian dii laa memoria historica" anie pilustaaru, gwatemala yokka sudeergha antaryuddham yokka vaastavaalu mariyu charitranu sekarinchadaaniki mariyu aaa samvatsaraala satyaanni edurkovadaniki. 24 april 1998naa, remi thana pani phalitaalanu "gwatemala nanka maas!" anae nivedikalo samarpinchindi."anie paerkonnaaru. eee nivedika antaryuddham samayamlo vaelaadi mandhi saakshulu mariyu anachiveta baadhitula sakshyam mariyu prakatanalanu sangrahinchindi. "eee nivedika 80 saatam duraagataalaku gwatemalan sainyam mariyu saamaajika mariyu raajakeeya unnatavargamloni daani sahakaarula dwarane kaaranamani aaropinchindi."
catholic bishop juvan jose gerardy konedera chaaritraka ghnaapakasakti prajectunu punaruddharinchadaaniki krushi chesaaru mariyu gwatemalan antaryuddham baadhitulapai daani nivedikanu vidudala chestunnatlu prakatinchina rendu rojula taruvaata, "gwatemala neenu!"1998 eprillo, bishop gerardy thana garragelo daadi chesi kotti champabaddadu. prabhaavitamaindi, gwatemalan charitralo sainika sabhyula poura nyaayasthaanamlo jarigina modati vichaaranalo, mugguru sainika adhikarulu athani maranaaniki doshigaa nirdhaarinchabaddaaru mariyu 30 samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchaaru. oka poojaari sahacharudiga doshigaa nirdhaarinchabaddaadu mariyu 20 samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchabadindi.
recuperatione dii laa memoria historica" (remi) nivedika prakaram, sumaru 200,000 mandhi maraninchaaru. padhi laksalaku paiga prajalu tama illanu vidichipettavalasi vachindi mariyu vandalaadi gramalu dhvamsamayyaayi. chaaritraka vivarana commission maanava hakkula ullanghanallo 93 saataaniki paiga gwatemala sainika prabhutvaaniki chendinavani, baadhitulaloo 83 saatam mandhi maya bhaaratheeyulani anchanaa vesindi. kanugondi rashtra charyalu jaatyahamkaaraaniki kaaranamani nirdhaarinchindi.
baja verapaz vanti konni praantaalalo, poura yuddhamlo nirdishta jaathi samuuhaalapai uddeshapoorvakamgaa jaatyahankaara vidhaanamlo gwatemalan rashtram nimagnamai undani satya commission kanugondi. kanugondi, yuu.ess. eee krooramaina poura hatyalalo palgonna gwatemalan sainika dalaalaku america maddatu ivvadam tappu anie adhyakshudu bill clinton annaru.
2000 nundi.
shanti oppandaala prakaram gwatemala aardhika vruddhi mariyu varusa prajaasvaamya ennikalu rendintinee kaligi undhi, iteevala mariyu. 2019 ennikalaloo, alejandro giamattei adhyaksha padavini geluchukunnaru. ayana 2020 janavarilo baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru.
janavari idhi gwatemala maajee niyanta ephrain reos mont, maranahomam aaropanalapai gwatemalan kortulo hajarayyaru. vichaarana samayamlo, prabhutvam 1982 nundi 1983 varaku thana 17 nelala paalanalo kaneesam 1,771 maranaalu, 1,445 atyaachaaraalu mariyu daadaapu 30,000 mandhi gwatemalanla sthaanabhramsham vanti 100 kii paiga sanghatanalaku sambandhinchina sakshyalanu samarpinchindi. athanu paaripoye pramaadamgaa pariganinchabaddaadu, conny athanu beilpai, gruha nirbandhamlo mariyu gwatemalan national sivil police (pii. enn. sii) rakshanalo undataaniki, atanni khaidu cheyaalani prosecution korukundi. 2013 mae 10naa, reos mont doshigaa nirdhaarinchabadi, 80 samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchabadindi. jaateeya nyayasthaanam maajee deshadhinethanu maranahomam kesulo doshigaa nirdhaarinchadam idhe modatisaari. aaa siksha taruvaata raddu cheyabadindi, mariyu mont vichaarana janavari sampadincharuhu tirigi praarambhamaindi. augustu sampadincharuhu, oka gwatemalan kortu reos mont jatyahankaram mariyu maanavatvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa chesina neeraalaku vichaaranaku nilabadagaladani teerpu ichindi, conny athani vayassu mariyu ksheenistunna aarogyam kaaranamgaa ataniki siksha vidhinchalemani teerpu ichindi.
maajee adhyakshudu alphonso portillo 2010 janavarilo gwatemala nundi paaripovadaaniki prayatnistunnappudu arrestu cheyabaddaadu. konni sakshyalanu visirina nyaayamuurtula brundam 2010 maeloe atanni nirdoshigaa prakatinchindi, kontamandi saakshulanu nammadaganivigaa perkondi. gwatemalan attarney general claudia paaj vai paaj eee teerpunu "anyayam yokka bhayankaramaina sandesam" mariyu "adhikara nirmaanaala gurinchi melkolupu pilupu" anie pilicharu."gwatemala prabhutvaaniki sahayapade un judicial group ayina gwatemalalo siksha nundi vimukti (sisig) kuu vyatiraekamgaa antarjaateeya commission thana appeello, portillo kabreraku vyatiraekamgaa khachitamaina patrabaddhamaina saakshyaala nirnayam yokka anchanaanu" "vichitramainadi" "anie pilichindi mariyu gwatemala adhyakshudu mariyu athani mantrulaku praja nidhulanu nirvahinchadamlo etuvanti baadhyata ledani nirnayam yokka prakatana gwatemala rajyangam mariyu chattalaku viruddhamgaa undani perkondi". newyork grand jurie book portillo cabreranu kumbhakoonaaniki paalpadinatlu abhiyogaalu mopindi; gwatemalalo aaa aaropanalapai athanu nirdoshigaa prakatinchabadina taruvaata aaa dhesha atyunnata nyayasthaanam atanini americaku appaginchadaaniki adhikaram ichindi. gwatemalan nyaayavyavastha chaalaa avineetiparudainadi mariyu kotta nominationla kosam empika kamiteeni nerasthulu swaadheenam chesukunnaru.
londonlo jarigina 2012 vesavi olympicslo, eric barrondo purushula 20 kilometres nadakanu geluchukunnappudu gwatemala thana mottamodati olympic patakaanni andukundi.
perez molina prabhutvam mariyu "laa linea".
padavee viramana chesina general oto perez molina molina gwatemalalo upadhyakshuraliga ennikaina mottamodati mahila ayina roxana baldettitho kalisi adhyakshuraligaa ennikayyaaru; vaaru 14 janavari 2012naa tama padaveekaalaanni praarambhinchaaru. conny 16 april 2015naa, aikyaraajyasamiti (un) avineeti nirodhaka samstha nivedika baldetti private karyadarshi juvan carlos monzone mariyu gwatemalan antargata revenue servies (sat) directortho sahaa aneka mandhi unnata sthaayi raajakeeya nayakulanu chikkukundi. general kezel eugenio lagered garsia adhyaksha padavi nundi chusina daanikante eee velladi marinta praja agrahanni rekettinchindi. gwatemalalo siksha nundi vimukti (sisiji) kuu vyatiraekamgaa antarjaateeya commission gwatemala attarney general thoo kalisi "laa linea" anie piluvabade kumbhakonanni bahirgatam cheyadaaniki panichesindi, wire taplatho kuudina edaadi podavunaa daryaaptu taruvaata.
gwatemala yokka 36 samvatsaraala sudeergha antaryuddham samayamlo tirugubaatu nirodhaka karyakalapala kosam varusa sainika prabhutvaala nidhula sekarana vyuuhamgaa, desamlo customs avineeti yokka sudeergha sampradaayamlo paatukupoyina raayitee digumati sunkaalaku badulugaa adhikarulu digumatidaarula nundi lanchaalu pondaaru.
#renunciaya" (ippudu rajinama cheyandi) anae hashtagnu upayoginchina oka facebook karyakramam baldetti rajinama cheyamani adagadaniki gwatemala nagaramloni diguva pattanaaniki vellamani pourulanu aahvaaninchindi. koddi rojullone, 10,000 mandiki paiga prajalu taamu haajaravutaamani telipaaru. eee karyakramam venuka yea raajakeeya party ledhaa samuuham ledani nirvaahakulu spashtam chesaaru, mariyu chattanni anusarinchaalani kaaryakramamlo nirasanakaarulanu aadesinchaaru. neeru, aaharam mariyu sunblock teesukuraavaalani, conny tama mukhalanu kappukovaddani ledhaa raajakeeya party rangulu dharinchavaddani vaaru prajalanu koraru. gwatemala nagara veedhulloki vaelaadi mandhi prajalu vacchaaru. vaaru rashtrapati bhavanam mundu nirasana telipaaru. konni rojula taruvaata baldetti rajinama chesaaru. america aame veesaanu raddu chesinappudu aame gwatemalalo undavalasi vachindi. laa linea" kumbhakonamlo aame prameyam undani anumaaninchadaaniki tagina aadharalu unnanduna gwatemalan prabhutvam aamenu arrestu chesindi. eee kumbhakonam chelaregina tarvaata gwatemala raajakeeya drushyamlo yuu. ess. rayabari tud robinson praamukhyata, eee daryaaptu venuka yuu. ess. prabhutvam undane anumaanaaniki daariteesindi, bahusha eee praantamloo chaina mariyu russia unikini edurkovadaniki gwatemalalo nijaayiteegala prabhutvam avasaramavadam valla kaavacchu.
appati nundi un avineeti nirodhaka kamitee itara kesulapai nivedinchindi, 20 mandiki paiga prabhutva adhikarulu rajinama chesaaru. kondarini arrestu chesaaru. aaa kesulalo rendu kesulalo iddaru maajee adhyaksha private kaaryadarsulu unnaru gwatemalan saamaajika sevalo juvan dii dios rodrigues mariyu boggu vidyut plant companylo lancham kumbhakonamlo palgonna gustav martinez. martinez perez molina alludu kooda.
raajakeeya pratipaksha nayakulu kooda sisig daryaptulalo chikkukunnaruh aneka mandhi saasanasabhyulu mariyu libertad democrata renowada party (lider) sabhyulu lancham sambandhita samasyalapai adhikarikamga aaropanalu edurkonnaru, idhi daani adhyaksha abhyardhi manuel baldizone yokka ennikala avakaasaalalo pedda ksheenatanu prerepinchindi, april varaku 6 september 2015 adhyaksha ennikalaloo tadupari gwatemalan adhyakshudiga maaradam dadapuga khaayam. baldizone yokka prajaadarana baga ksheeninchindi mariyu athanu gwatemalan antargata vyavaharalalo antarjaateeya aatamkam kaliginchaadani sisig nayakudu evon velosquezpy american states organisationku aaropanalu chesaadu.
sisig guruvaram naadu daani kesulanu chaalaa tarachugaa nivedinchindi, gwaatemaalanlu "sisig guruvaram" anae padaanni roopondinchaaru. conny sukravaaram vilekarula samavesam sankshobhaanni garishta sthaayiki teesukuvachindihi sukravaaram 21 augustu 2015naa, sisig mariyu attarney general thelma aldana, adhyakshudu perez molina mariyu maajee upaadhyakshudu baldetti iddaroo "laa linea" yokka nijamaina nayakulu anie prajalanu oppinchadaaniki taginanta sakshyalanu samarpinchaaru. adhe roeju baldettini arrestu chesi, adhyakshudini abhisamsana abhyardhinchaaru. aneka mandhi cabinet sabhyulu rajinama chesaaru mariyu 2015 augustu 23naa prasaaramaina television sandesamlo taanu rajinama cheyabovadam ledani perez molina deshaaniki dhikkarinchi haamii icchina taruvaata adhyakshudi rajinama kosam arupulu perigayi.
perugutunna ontari adhyakshudi raajeenaamaanu demand chestu vaelaadi mandhi nirasanakaarulu marosari veedhulloki vacchaaru. vichaarana nundi rashtrapati yokka minahaayimpunu tolaginchaalaa vadda anie pariseelinchadaaniki aiduguru saasanasabhyula kamishannu gwatemala congress prakatinchindi. supreenkortu aamodinchindi. augustu 27va thedhee tellavaarujaamuna desavyaaptamgaa kavaatulu mariyu roadblacklatho oka pradhana kaaryaacharana roeju praarambhamaindi. april 27naa kumbhakonam praarambhamainappati nundi kramam tappakunda nirasanalaku naayakatvam vahinchina pattana samuuhaalu rodlanu addukunna graameena mariyu swadeshi samsthalatho ekam kaavadaaniki prayatninchaayi.
gwatemala nagaramlo jarigina sammelo sthaanika paedalu nundi manchi nadumu gala vaari varaku vaividhyamaina mariyu saantiyuta janasamuuham nindi undhi, indulo prabhutva mariyu private vishwavidhyaalayaalaku chendina chaalaa mandhi vidyaarthulu unnaaru. nirasanalaku maddatugaa vandalaadi paatasaalalu, vyaparalu moosiveyabaddaayi. kamite coordinador dii associasions agricolas, commercials, industrials vai financiaruslu" (sisif) gwatemala yokka atyanta saktivantamaina vyapara nayakulu, perez molina padaveeviramana cheyaalani demand chestu oka prakatana vidudala chesaaru, mariyu prosecution nundi thana roganirodhaka saktini upasamharinchukovaalani kaangresnu koraru.
attarney general karyalayam thana sonta prakatnanu vidudala chesindi, "deshaanni asthirapariche paalanalopam nivaarinchadaaniki" adhyakshudi raajeenaamaanu korindi."ottidi peragadamtho, avineeti daryaptulo paeru petti, rajinama chesina rashtrapati maajee rakshana, antargata mantrulu akasmaattugaa desham vidichi vellipoyaaru. intalo perez molina rojuki maddatu kolpotundi. private rangam ayana rajinama cheyaalani pilupunicchindi; ayithe, ayana private ranga chhaambarlaku anubandham laeni vyavasthaapakula nundi kooda maddatu pondagaligaaruh maajee niyanta manuel estrada cabrera manavadu mariyu cellular phone companyla billionaire yajamani ayina marrio lopez estrada-thana kaaryanirvahakulalo kondaru khaalii chesina cabinet sthaanaalanu sweekarinchaaru.
gwatemalan radeo station emisoras unidas perez molinatho vachana sandeshaalanu marpidi chesukunnatlu nivedinchindi. rajinama cheyaalani alochistunnara anie adiginappudu, ayana ilaa vraasaaru "neenu edurkovalsinavanni, chattam emi korutundo vaatini edurkontaanu."kontamandi nirasanakaarulu sankshobham kaaranamgaa mariyu avakatavakala aaropanalato baadhapadutunnanduna saarvatrika ennikalanu vaida veyaalani demand chesaaru. otingnu nilipiveyadam samsthaagata shoonyataku daariteestundani marikondaru heccharinchaaru. ayithe, 2015 september 2naa perez molina rajinama chesaaru, congress aayananu abhisamsana chesina oka roeju tarvaata. 2015 september 3naa laa laina avineeti kesu kosam thana modati nyaya prekshakula kosam nyaya saakhaku pilipinchabaddaadu.
juun mariyu aikyaraajyasamiti maddatugala prosecutor perez molina paripalananu crime sindiketga abhivarninchaaru mariyu maroka avineeti kesunu vivarinchaaru, dheenini "sahakaara" (kick-inn) anie pilustaaru. saamaajika bhadrata samstha adhipati mariyu kaneesam aiduguru itara mantrulu moodu samvatsaraalalo $47 laksala kante ekkuva kharchu chesi motaru botlu vanti molina vilaasavantamaina bahumatulanu konugolu cheyadaaniki nidhulanu sameekarinchaaru.
jimmy morals mariyu alejandro giamattei adhikaaramlo (2015-prastutam).
october 2015 adhyaksha ennikalaloo, maajee television hasyanatudu jimmy morals bhaarii avineeti vyatiraeka pradarsanala taruvaata gwatemala kotta adhyakshudiga ennikayyaaru. ayana 2016 janavarilo baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru.
december undhi, adhyakshudu morals gwatemala ijraayellooni thana rayabara karyalayanni jerusalenku taralistundani prakatinchaaru, idhi united statesnu anusarinchina modati desamgaa nilichindi.
2020 janavarilo, alejandro giamattei jimmy morals sthaanamlo gwatemala adhyakshudiga niyamitulayyaaru. giamattey thana "kathinamaina naera" ejendaatho 2019 augustulo jarigina adhyaksha ennikallo vijayam saadhinchaadu.
bhougolikam.
gwatemala parvata praantam, dakshina teeram mariyu petten vibhagam yokka vistaaramaina uttara lothattu praantaalu minaha, chinna edaari mariyu isuka dibbalatho, anni konda loyalatho undhi. rendu parvata golusulu paschimam nundi thoorpuku gwatemalalo pravesinchi, gwatemalanu moodu pradhana praantalugaa vibhajistaayih parvataalu unna ettaina praantaalu; parvataalaku dakshinaana pasiphik teeram mariyu parvataalaku uttaraana petten praantam.
anni pradhana nagaralu ettaina praantaalu mariyu pasiphik theera praantaalalo unnaayi; polchi choosthe, petten janabha chaalaa takkuvagaa undhi. eee moodu praantaalu vaataavaranam, etthu mariyu prakruti drushyaalalo maarutuu untaayi, ivi vaedi, thematho kuudina ushnamandala lothattu praantaalu mariyu challani, podi ettaina sikharaala madhya naatakeeya vyatyaasaalanu andistaayi. volcon tajumulko, aut, madhya america deshaalalo ettaina pradaesam.
eee nadulu pasiphik paarudala pareevaahaka praantamloo chinnaviga mariyu nissaramga untaayi, carabian mariyu gulph off mexico paarudala pareevaahaka praantaalalo peddavigaa mariyu lothugaa untaayi. eee nadulalo polochic mariyu dulls nadulu unnaayi, ivi isable sarassuloki pravahistaayi, motaguwa nadhi, beleejtho sarihaddunu yerparustunna surston mariyu meksikoolooni petten mariyu chiapas madhya sarihaddunu yerparustunna usumasinta nadhi unnaayi.
prakruti vaipareetyaalu.
carabian samudram mariyu pasiphik mahasamudram madhya gwatemala unnanduna nundi mitch tuphaanu mariyu october october staan tuphaanu vanti tuphaanulaku idhi lakshyamgaa maarindi, idhi 1,500 mandiki paiga prajalanu champindi. nashtam gaaliki sambandhinchinadi kaadu, conny gananeeyamaina varadalu mariyu phalitamgaa buradajallula kaaranamgaa jarigindi. iteevalidi 2020 novemberlo vacchina etaa tuphaanu, idhi 100 mandiki paiga tappipovadaaniki ledhaa maraninchadaaniki kaaranamaindi, tudi sankhya inca anischitamgaa undhi.
gwatemala yokka ettaina praantaalu motaguwa falt venta unnaayi, idhi carabian mariyu uttara america tectonic plaetla madhya sarihaddulo bhaagam. eee lopam chaaritraka kaalamlo aneka pedda bhookampaalaku kaaranamaindi, veetilo 4 fibravari 1976naa 7.5 teevratatoo sambhavinchina prakampanamtho sahaa 25,000 mandiki paiga maraninchaaru. adanamgaa, madhya america kandakam, oka pradhana subduction john, pasiphik tiiraaniki sameepamlo undhi. ikkada, cocos plate carabian plate kinda munigipotondi, teeramlo lothattu agniparvata karyakalapalanu utpatti chestundi. gwatemalalo 37 agniparvataalu unnaayi, vaatilo naalugu kriyasilamga unnaih pakaya, santiagueto, fugo mariyu tacana.
prapanchamlooni eee bhougolikamgaa churukaina praantamloo prakruti vaipareetyaalaku sudeergha charitra undhi. udaaharanaku, gwatemala rajadhani yokka moodu kadalikalo rendu rendu agniparvata burada pravahalu mariyu mariyu bhookampaala kaaranamgaa jarigaayi.
jeevavaividhyam.
gwatemalalo mada adavula nundi 5 ververu paryaavarana vyavasthalatho samudra tiiraala varaku 14 paryaavarana praantaalu unnaayi. gwatemalalo aidu sarassulu, 61 madugulu, 100 nadulu mariyu naalugu chittadi neelalatoe sahaa 252 jabita cheyabadina chittadi neelalu unnaayi. tikal jaateeya udyaanavanam unesco yokka mottamodati mishrama prapancha vaarasatva pradaesam. gwatemala pratyaekamaina jantujaalam kaligina desham. indulo sumaru 1246 telisina jaatulu unnaayi. veetilo 6.7 saatam sthaanikamainavi, 8.1 saatam pramaadaaniki guravutunnayi. gwatemala kaneesam 8,682 jaatula vascular mokkalaku nilayam, veetilo 13.5% sthaanikamainavi. sthaanikamainavi paerkonnaaru.gwatemalalo 4 saatam iucn ketagireela ii-vii kinda rakshinchabadindi.
petten vibhaagamlo maaya jeevaavarana rakshita praantam 2,112,940 hectarunu kaligi undhi, idhi madhya americalo bosavas taruvaata rendava atipedda adaviga nilichindi. gwatemala 2019 atavee prakruti drushya samagrata suuchika sagatu skoru 3.85/10 kaligi undhi, idhi 172 deshaalalo prapanchavyaaptamgaa 138va sthaanamlo undhi.
prabhutvam mariyu rajakeeyaalu.
raajakeeya vyavastha.
gwatemala oka raajyaangabaddhamaina prajaasvaamya ganatantram, dheenilo gwatemala adhyakshudu raashtraaniki adhipati mariyu prabhutvaaniki adhipati, mariyu bahula-party vyavastha. karyanirvahaka adhikaranni prabhutvam amalu chestundi. saasana adhikaram prabhutvam mariyu republic congress rendintikee undhi. nyaayavyavastha karyanirvahaka mariyu saasanasabha nundi swatantramgaa untundi.
2 september 2015naa, otto perez molina avineeti kumbhakonam kaaranamgaa gwatemala adhyaksha padaviki rajinama chesi, janavari 2016 varaku alejandro maldonado chetha bharti cheyabaddaadu. congress maajee universidad dii shaan carlos adhyakshudu alphonso fuentes soreanu maldonado sthaanamlo kotta upadhyakshudiga niyaminchindi.
jimmy morals 14 janavari 2016naa baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru. 2020 janavarilo ayana taruvaata alejandro giamattei adhikaaramloki vacchaaru.
videshee sambandhaalu.
gwatemala chaalaa kaalamgaa poruguna unna belize bhuubhaagam mottaanni ledhaa kontha bhaganni tamadenani perkondi. eee praadaesika vivaadam kaaranamgaa, gwatemala 1991 september 6 varaku belize swaatantryaanni gurtinchaledu, conny vivaadam parishkarinchabadaledu. dheenini muginchadaaniki american states organization aadhvaryamlo prastutam charchalu jarugutunnaayi.
sainyam.
gwatemalalo 15,000 nundi 20,000 mandhi sibbandito niraadambaramaina sainyam undhi.
undhi gwatemala anvaayudhaala nishedhampai aikyaraajyasamiti oppandampai santakam chesindi.
paripalana vibhagalu.
gwatemala 22 vibhagaluga (spanish "depermentos") vibhajinchabadindi mariyu sumaru 335 munisipaliteelugaa (spanish "municipios") upa-vibhajinchabadindi.
maanava hakkulu.
hakkulu antaryuddham mugisinappati nundi gwatemalalo hatyalu mariyu marana dalaalu sarvasaadhaaranam. vaaru tarachugaa vyavastheekruta neeraalaloo palgonna prastuta mariyu maajee sainika sabhyula rahasya bhadrata parikaraalatoe () sambandhaalu kaligi unnaaru. vaaru gananeeyamaina prabhavanni kaligi unnaaru, ippudu kontavaraku taggaaru, conny nyaayavyatiraeka hatyalu konasagutunnayi. juulai juulai, inter-american kortu 1982 juulai 18naa plaan dii sanchezlo jarigina 188 achi-maaya oochakotanu khandinchindi, mariyu daani charitralo modatisaarigaa, gwatemalan sainyam maranahomam chesindani teerpu ichindi. 1980la kaalina-bhoomi prachaaramlo nivedinchabadina 626 oochakothallo deenikainaa gwatemalan raashtraaniki vyatiraekamgaa kortu icchina modati teerpu idhi. aaa oochakothallo baadhitulaloo 83 saatam mandhi maayalu, 17 saatam mandhi ladino unnaaru.
paryatakam, stree hatyanu, aame lingam kaaranamgaa oka mahila hatyanu, neeramgaa adhikarikamga gurtinchina modati desamgaa gwatemala nilichindi. ell salvador mariyu jamaika taruvaata gwatemalalo 2007 nundi 2012 varaku prati 100,000 mandhi mahilalaku 9.1 hatyalatho prapanchamlone moodava atyadhika streehatyala raetu undhi.
aardhika vyavastha.
gwatemala madhya americalo atipedda aardhika vyavastha, talasari jidipito (ppp) 5,200 dollarlu. ayithe, gwatemala aneka saamaajika samasyalanu edurkontondi mariyu latin americaloni atyanta paedha deshaalalo okati. janabhalo sagaaniki paiga jaateeya pedarika rekhaku diguvana unnaaru mariyu kevalam 4,00,000 mandiki paiga (3.2%) nirudyogulu unnanduna aadaaya pampinhee chaalaa asamanamga undhi. siah varald fact book book gwatemala janabhalo 54.0% pedarikamlo jeevistunnatlu pariganinchindi.
polchavachhu, gwatemalan aardhika vyavastha 3 saatam vruddhi chendindi, 2009 sankshobham nundi kramamga kolukundi, united states mariyu itara madhya america marketla nundi taggutunna demandlu mariyu prapancha maandyam madhyalo videshee pettubadula mandagamanam phalitamgaa.
united stateslo nivasistunna gwatemalanla nundi vachhe chellimpulu ippudu videshee aadaayaaniki atipedda ekaika vanarugaa unnaayi (egumatulalo moodinta rendu vantulu mariyu gdplo padava vanthu).
gwatemala yokka pradhana egumatulalo konni pandlu, kuuragaayalu, puvvulu, hastakalalu, battalu mariyu itaravi. idhi elakulu mariyu coffey egumatulalo agragami.
jeeva indhanaalaku perugutunna demand nepathyamlo, desham jeeva indhana utpatti kosam, mukhyamgaa cheraku mariyu thaati noone kosam mudi padaarthaalanu penchutuu egumati chestondi. eee abhivruddhi gwatemalan aahaaramlo pradhana padaardhamaina mokkajonna vanti pradhana aahaaraalaku adhika dharalaku daariteestundani vimarsakulu chebutunnaru. us american corn subsidy phalitamgaa, gwatemala thana mokkajonnalo daadaapu sagam united states nundi digumati chesukuntundi, idhi daani panta pantalo 40 saatam jeeva indhana utpatti kosam upayogistondi. paalgoni, gasagasala mariyu ganjai utpattini chattabaddham chese maargaalanu prabhutvam pariseelistoondi, utpattiki pannu vidhinchaalani mariyu aushadha nivaarana karyakramalu mariyu itara saamaajika prajectulaku nidhulu samakuurchadaaniki pannu aadaayaanni upayoginchaalani aasistondi.
polchavachhu konugolu shakti samaanatvam (ppp) loe sthuula desheeya utpatti (gdp) yuu. ess $70.15 biliyanlugaa anchanaa veyabadindi. sevala rangam 63 saatamtoe gdplo atipedda bhaagam, aaa taruvaata parisrama rangam 23.8% vadda mariyu vyavasaya rangam 13.2% (2010 anchanaa) vadda unnaayi.). ganulu bangaaram, vendi, jink, cobalt mariyu nikelnu utpatti chestaayi. egumatulalo vyavasaya rangam aidava vanthu, mariyu sraamika saktilo sagam vatanu kaligi undhi. sendriya coffey, chakkera, vastraalu, taja kuuragaayalu mariyu aratipandlu desham yokka pradhana egumatulu. polchavachhu dravyolbanam 3.9 saatamgaa undhi.
dasaabdaala paatu konasagina antaryuddhaanni muginchina 1996 shanti oppandaalu videshee pettubadulaku pedda addankini tolaginchaayi. kotta videshee pettubadula kaaranamgaa paryatakam gwatemalaku perugutunna aadaaya vanarugaa maarindi.
marchi marchi, gwatemala congress aneka madhya america deshaalu mariyu united states madhya dominican republic-central american free trade aggrement (daa-cafta) nuu aamodinchindi. gwatemalaku taiwan mariyu kolambiyaato kooda swechhaa vaanijya oppandaalu unnaayi.
paryatakam.
paryatakam paryataka rangam aardhika vyavasthaku $1.8 biliyanlugaa anchanaa veyadamtho paryatakam aardhika vyavasthaku pradhana chodakasaktulalo okatigaa maarindi. gwatemalaku etaa sumaru rendu millionla mandhi paryatakulu vastaaru. iteevali samvatsaraalalo, gwatemalan odarevulanu sandarsinche cruiz naukala sankhya perigindi, idhi paryaatakula sankhyaku daariteesindi. paryataka pradaesaalaloo maayan puraavastu pradaesaalu unnaayi (udhaa.zii. peaton loe tikal, isable loe kwirguwa, chimaltenango mariyu gwatemala nagaramlo iximche), sahaja aakarshanhalu (udhaa.zii. lake attitlan mariyu semuk champe) mariyu unesco saamskrutika vaarasatva pradaesamgaa gurtinchabadina valasarajyala nagaram antigua gwatemala vanti chaaritraka pradaesaalu.
janabha.
gwatemalalo janabha (anchanaa) undhi. undhi kevalam 885,000 thoo, idhi 20va sataabdamloo paschima ardhagolamlo atyanta vegavantamaina janabha perugudalanu kaligi undhi. gwatemala ganatantram yokka modati janabha ganana ganana jarigindi. 1778,1880,1893 mariyu 1921 janabha lekkala recordulu scrap pepargaa upayoginchabaddaayi mariyu vaati ganaanka samacharam bhadraparachabadinappatiki, avi ika laevu. janabha gananalu kramam tappakunda jaragaledu. 1837 janabha lekkalu aaa samayamlo apakeerti pondaayi; ganankavetta daan jose dii laa vaale vaale gwatemala janabha 6,00,000 anie lekkinchaaru. 1940 janabha lekkalu kaalchiveyabaddaayi. migilina janabha lekkala nundi dayta krinda chaaritraka janabha pattikalo undhi.
gwatemala bhaareega kendrikrutamai undih ravana, samachara marpidi, vyaparam, rajakeeyaalu mariyu atyanta sambandhita pattana karyakalapalu gwatemala nagaram yokka rajadhanilo jarugutaayi, dheeni pattana praantam daadaapu 3 millionla janabhanu kaligi undhi.
gwatemalalo anchanaa vesina sagatu vayassu 20 samvatsaraalu, purushulaku 19.4 samvatsaraalu mariyu mahilalaku 20.7 samvatsaraalu. janabha paramgaa gwatemala paschima ardhagolamloni athi pinna vayaskudaina deshaalalo okati, idhi madhya africa mariyu iraq yokka chaalaa praantaalatoo polchavachhu. polchavachhu 15 samvatsaraala kante takkuva vayassu unna janabhalo 15 mariyu 65 samvatsaraala madhya vayassu galavaaru, 4.4 saatam mandhi 65 samvatsaraalu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu galavaaru unnaaru.
pravaasulu.
gananeeyamaina sankhyalo gwaatemaalanlu tama desham velupala nivasistunnaaru. gwatemalan pravaasulalo ekkuva mandhi united states off americalo unnaaru, 480,665 nundi 1,489,426 varaku anchanaalatho. united statesku valasalu california, delaware, florida, illinais, newyork, newjersey, texas, road dveepam mariyu itara praantaalalo 1970la nundi gwatemalan communityla perugudalaku daariteesaayi. ayithe, juulai 2019 natiki, united states mariyu gwatemala nundi valasalu mariyu aasrayam korukunevaarini parimitam cheyadaaniki oka oppandampai santakam chesaayi.
konni deshaalalo videshaalalo nivasistunna gwatemalanla sankhya anchanaalu krinda ivvabaddaayi
jaathi samuuhaalu.
gwatemalalo vividha jaatula, saamskrutika, jaathi mariyu bhasha samuuhaalu unnaayi. national institute off statistics (ine) nirvahinchina 2018 janabha lekkala prakaram, janabhalo 56 saatam mandhi ladino prajalu, idhi mishrama swadeshi mariyu european vaarasatvaanni pratibimbistumdi. desheeya gwaatemaalanlu jaateeya janabhalo 43.6%, idhi latin americalo peruu mariyu bolivia taruvaata atipedda saataalalo okati. chaalaa mandhi swadeshi gwaatemaalanlu (jaateeya janabhalo 41.7%) maaya prajalaku chendinavaaru, antey kiche (mottam janabhalo 11.0%), kyuu 'ekki (8.3%), kakchikel (7.8%), maam (5.2%), mariyu "itara maaya" (7.6%). jaateeya janabhalo 2 saatam mandhi swadeshi mayayetarulu. mayayetarulu paerkonnaaru.janabhalo 8 saatam mandhi zinca (madhya americanlu), mariyu janabhalo 0.1 saatam mandhi garifuna (african/carib mixes). "ayithe, swadeshi hakkula kaaryakartalu swadeshi sankhyanu 61 saataaniki daggaragaa unchaaru."
european santatiki chendina tella gwaatemaalanlu, creoloo anie kooda pilustaaru, gwatemalan janabha gananalo ladinos (mishrama-jaathi) vyaktula nundi vaeru cheyabadaledu. chaalaa mandhi german mariyu spanish sthiranivaasula vaarasulu, marikondaru italianlu, british, french, swiss, belgianlu, dutch, rashyanlu mariyu danes nundi vacchaaru. german sthiranivaasulu chrismus chetla sampradaayaanni gwatemalaku teesukuvacchina ghanata pondaaru.
janabhalo sumaru 1,10,000 mandhi salvadoranlu unnaaru. garifuna, pradhanamgaa nalla aafrikanla nundi vachindi, vaaru seyint nundi sthaanika prajalatho nivasinchi, vivaham chesukunnaru. vincent, pradhanamgaa livingston mariyu puerto bariolalo nivasistaaru. afro-gwaatemaalanlu mariyu mulattolu pradhanamgaa arati thotala kaarmikula nundi vacchaaru. aseanlu kooda unnaaru, ekkuvagaa chainees santatiki chendinavaaru, conny lebanese mariyu syrian santatiki chendina arabbulu kooda unnaaru.
bhashalu.
gwatemala yokka ekaika adhikaarika bhasha spanish.
iravai okka maayan bhashalu, mukhyamgaa graameena praantaallo, alaage rendu mayan kaani swadeshi bhashalu matladataru deshaaniki chendina zinca, mariyu carabian teeramlo matlade aravakan bhasha garifuna. 2003 bhasha chattam prakaram, eee bhashalu jaateeya bhashaluga gurtinchabaddaayi.
swadeshi samaikyata mariyu dwibhasha vidya.
20va sataabdam antataa gwatemalan samajam mariyu vidya vyavasthalo maayan bhashala ekikaranalo aneka parinaamaalu jarigaayi. raajakeeya kaaranaala valla udbhavinchina eee prakriyalu desamlo konni maayan bhashala punaruddharanaku, adhunaatana dwibhasha vidyaku sahayapaddayi.
sahayapaddayi, "bharatiya samasya" nuu adhigaminchadaaniki, gwatemalan prabhutvam institute indigents taa national (enhetch) nuu sthaapinchindi, dheeni uddesyam maayan pillalaku spaanishku badulugaa vaari maatrubhaashalo aksharaasyatanu bodhinchadam, taruvaata vaatini vileenam cheyadaaniki bhoomini siddham cheyadam. modati bhaashalo aksharaasyata bodhana, aikyaraajyasamiti nundi maddatu pondindi, pondindi gananeeyamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi, texasloni dallaslo unna sill (summer institute off linguistics), gwatemalan vidya mantritva saakhatoe bhagaswamyam chesinappudu; 2 samvatsaraalalo, maayan bhaashalalo aneka vraatapuurvaka rachanalu mudrinchabaddaayi mariyu prachurinchabaddaayi, mariyu kotta nibandhana anuvaadamlo vistaaramaina purogati jarigindi. taruvaati samvatsaraallo sthaanikulanu ladino samaajamlo ekikrutam cheyadaaniki marinni prayatnaalu jarigaayi, veetilo maayan vidyaarthulu spaanishku maaradaaniki sahaayapadataaniki pratyeka varnamaala aavishkarana mariyu kyuu 'ekki' praantamloo dwibhasha vidya unnaayi. unnaayi spanish gwatemala adhikaarika bhashaga marinappudu, maayan vidyaarthulanu spaanishku taralinchadaanni vegavantam cheyadaaniki prabhutvam dwibhasha castellanistion karyakramam mariyu radiophonic paatasaalalu vanti aneka kaaryakramaalanu praarambhinchindi. anukokunda, sthaanika bhashanu, mukhyamgaa kotta varnamaalanu ekikrutam chese prayatnaalu, paatasaalallo maayan bhashalanu upayoginchadaaniki samsthalaku saadhanaalanu andinchaayi, mariyu maayan pillala abhyasanni meruguparustuu, vaaru kevalam spanish vaataavaranamloo neerchukoevadaaniki veelu lekunda chesaaru. kabatti, dwibhasha vidya yokka adanapu vistarana vistarana jarigindi, pillalu spaanishlo taginantagaa praaveenyam pondhe varaku vaari maatrubhaashalo bodhinchaalsina prayogaatmaka karyakramam srushtinchabadindi. spanish-matrame niyantrana paatasaalala kante pilate vidyaarthulu adhika vidya vijayaalanu choopinchinappudu eee karyakramam vijayavantamaindi. vijayavantamaindi, prayogaatmakamgaa puurti cheyaboyeppudu, gwatemalalo dwibhasha vidyanu adhikarikamga chesaaru.
matam.
kraistava matam daadaapu anni gwatemalan samaajamlo, vishwodbhava shaastram mariyu saamaajika-raajakeeya kuurpu rendintiloonuu chaalaa prabhaavavantamgaa undhi. okappudu roman kaathalikkulu aadhipatyam vahinchina eee desham (valasarajyala kaalamlo spanish vaaru pravesapettinadi), ippudu kraistava tegala vaividhyam dwara prabhaavitamaindi. prabhaavitamaindi 55 saatam nundi 47.9% (november 2001, september 2012) kuu vellina roman catholic charchi atipedda charchi vargamgaa migilipoyindi. 2001-2012 samayamlo, appatike aneka protestant janabha, janabhalo muppai saatam nundi 38.2% kuu perigindi. mataparamaina anubandham ledani cheppukune vaaru 12.7% nundi 11.6% kuu tagginchabaddaaru. judaism, islam mariyu bouddhamatam yokka mormanlu mariyu anucharulatho sahaa migilina vaaru janabhalo 2 saataaniki paiga namodu cheyatam konasaaginchaaru.
1960la nundi, mukhyamgaa mukhyamgaa, gwatemala protestantism, mukhyamgaa suvaarta rakaala vegavantamaina vruddhini chavichusindi. brazil ledhaa honduras gwatemala vale ekkuvagaa suvaarta prachaarakartagaa unnappatikee, namodukani charchila samuuhamtoe gwatemalanu latin americalo atyanta bhaareega suvaarta desamgaa varninchaaru.
gatha rendu dasabdaluga, mukhyamgaa antaryuddham mugisinappati nundi, gwatemalalo missionary karyakalapalu perigayi. iteevali dasaabdaalalo protestant vargaalu gananeeyamgaa perigayi, pradhanamgaa suvaarta mariyu pentecostal rakalu; jaathi maaya janabhalo perugudala mukhyamgaa balamgaa undhi, gwaatemaalaaloni jaateeya suvaarta presbyterian charchi 11 sthaanika bhasha presbyterylanu nirvahistondi. taruvaati roeju saints yokka yesu kreestu charchi charchi 40,000 mandhi sabhyula nundi nundi 1,64,000 mandiki perigindi mariyu vistaristuunae undhi.
gwatemalalo thoorpu sampradaaya charchi yokka perugudala mukhyamgaa balamgaa undhi, gatha aidellalo lakshalaadi mandhi matamarpidi chesukunnaru, idhi deshaaniki paschima ardhagolamlo sampradaaya anucharula atyadhika nishpattini ichindi.
saampradaaya maaya matam samskruti prakriya dwara konasaagutundi, dheenilo konni acharalu catholic vedukalalo chaerchabadataayi mariyu avi catholic nammakam yokka ardhaaniki saanubhuutigaa unnappudu poojinchabadataayi. shanti oppandaala kinda sthaapinchabadina saamskrutika rakshanala phalitamgaa swadeshi mataparamaina acharalu perugutunnaayi. saampradaaya vedukalanu sulabhataram cheyadaaniki prati maaya shidhilaala vadda balipeethaalanu andinche vidhananni prabhutvam erpaatu chesindi.
valasalu.
valasarajyala kaalamlo gwatemalaku speyin nundi matrame valasadaarulu (sthiranivaasulu) vacchaaru. tadanantaram, 19va sataabdam madhyalo mariyu 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo gwatemala airopa nundi valasala taramgaalanu andukundi. pradhanamgaa germany nundi vacchina eee valasadaarulu alta verapaz, jacapa, quetzaltenango, baja verapaz mariyu isaballo coffey mariyu elakula finkaalanu erpaatu chesaaru. kontavaraku speyin, france, belgium, ingland, italii, sweeden modalaina deshaala nundi kooda prajalu vacchaaru.
gwatemalaku valasa vacchina chaalaa mandhi europeanlu raajakeeya nayakulu, saranaarthulu, paarisraamikavettalatho paatu sthirapadaalani chustunna kutumbaalu. 1950 varaku gwatemala madhya america desamgaa undedi, idhi costa rica taruvaata atyadhika valasadaarulanu andukundi, mariyu netikee pedda sankhyalo valasadaarulu sweekarinchabadutunnaaru. 1890la nundi thoorpu asea nundi valasalu jarugutunnaayi. alaage, modati prapancha yuddhamtho praarambhinchi, yoodula valasala dwara valasa janabha balopetam avtondi.
iravayyava sataabdam rendava bhaagamlo, mukhyamgaa itara madhya america deshaalu, mexico, cuba mariyu argentine nundi latin american valasalu gwatemalalo perigayi, ayithe eee valasadaarulalo ekkuva mandhi united statesloni tama chivari gamyasthaanaalaku vellae mundu tatkalikamga matrame undipoyaaru.
aarogyam.
latin americalo atyanta ghoramaina aarogya phalitaallo okatigaa unna gwatemala, atyadhika shishu maranaala raetlu kaligi undhi, mariyu eee praantamloo puttinapudu athi takkuva ayurdayam unna vaatilo okatigaa undhi. 16 millionla mandhi prajalaku sumaru 16,000 mandhi vaidyulatoe, gwatemalalo doctor-citizen nishpatti sagam mandhi sifaarsu cheyabadindi. cheyabadindi gwatemalalo antaryuddham mugisinappati nundi, aarogya mantritva saakha graameena janabhalo 54 saatam mandiki aarogya samrakshana sadupaayaanni vistarinchindi.
aarogya samrakshanaku vividha raajakeeya paripalana samsthala nundi vividha sthaayila maddatu labhinchindi, vaaru sevala pampineeni-oka private ledhaa prabhutva samstha dwara-elaa uttamamgaa nirvahinchaali anae daanipai mariyu andubaatulo unchaalsina aardhika sthaayi gurinchi bhinnabhiprayalu vyaktam chesaaru. aarogya mantritva saakha thana kaaryakramaalanu paryaveekshinchadaaniki ledhaa moolyaankanam cheyadaaniki aardhika margalu laevu.
prabhutva mariyu private aarogya samrakshana kharchulu rendoo gdplo 6.4 nundi 7.3 saatam madhya sthiramgaa unnaayi. idhi talasari sagatu vaarshika aarogya samrakshana kharchu kevalam $368 matrame. gwatemalan rogulu aarogya vyavasthatho nimagnamainappudu desheeya chikitsalu ledhaa paaschaatya vaidyaala madhya enchukuntaaru.
vidya.
vidya paerkonnaaru.15 ellu mariyu anthakante ekkuva vayassu unna janabhalo 5 saatam mandhi aksharaasyata kaligi unnaaru, idhi madhya americalo athi takkuva aksharaasyata raetu. raboye 20 samvatsaraalalo aksharaasyatanu penchaalani gwatemala pranaalika kaligi undhi.
gwaatemaalaloni yuvata vidyalo puurtigaa palgonakapovadam valla prabhutvam aneka prabhutva praathamika mariyu madhyamika sthaayi paatasaalalanu naduputondi. unifamlu, pustakaalu, samagri mariyu ravana kharchulu samaajamlooni paedha vargaalaku andubaatulo undakunda chestaayi mariyu gananeeyamaina sankhyalo paedha pillalu paatasaalaku haajaru kavadam ledhu. chaalaa mandhi madhyataragati, unnata taragati pillalu private paatasaalalaku velataaru. gwatemalalo oka prabhutva vishwavidyaalayam (usac ledhaa universidad dii shaan carlos dii gwatemala), mariyu padnaalugu private vishwavidyaalayaalu unnaayi (gwaatemaalaaloni vishwavidyaalayaala jaabitaanu chudandi). yuu. ess. yea. sii. gwaatemaalaaloni modati vishwavidyaalayam mariyu americaloni modati vishwavidyaalayaalalo okati.
madhya ettaina praantaala praantamlooni gramalalo upaadhyaayulaku sikshana ichhe chiled aid, pueblo eah pueblo mariyu common hope vanti samsthalu pillala vidya phalitaalanu meruguparachadaaniki krushi chestunnayi. graameena upaadhyaayulaku sikshana lekapovadam gwatemala yokka takkuva aksharaasyata retlaku keelaka kaaranaalalo okati.
samskruti.
gwatemala nagaram jaateeya archives, jaateeya library, museum off archaeology und ethnologytho sahaa desamloni aneka grandhaalayaalu, museumlaku nilayam, indulo maaya kalakhandala vistrutamaina sekarana undhi. idhi swadeshi vastraalu mariyu dustula ixel museum mariyu maaya puraavastu saastrampai drushti saarinche museo popol wuh vanti private museumlanu kooda kaligi undhi. eee rendu museumlu universidad francisco marroquin campaslo unnaayi. desamloni 329 munisipaalitiilaloo chaalaa varaku kaneesam oka chinna museum undhi.
kala.
columbia puurva sampradaayaalanu anusarinche aneka mandhi swadeshi kalaakaarulanu gwatemala srushtinchindi. gwatemala yokka valasarajyala mariyu valasavaada anantara charitranu pratibimbistuu, bahula prapancha kalaa udyamaalato kalusukunnavi kooda saampradaaya aadimavaada ledhaa amayaka soundaryaanni european, uttara america mariyu itara sampradaayaalato kalipina kalaakaarula sampadanu srushtinchaayi.
escula national dii artes plasticas "rafale rodrigues padilla" gwatemala yokka pramukha kalaa paatasaala, mariyu aneka mandhi pramukha swadeshi kalaakaarulu, aaa paatasaala nundi pattabhadrulu kooda, rajadhani nagaramloni museo national dii arte moderna yokka shaashwata sekaranalo pani chesaaru. gwatemala velupala keertini pondina samakaaleena gwatemalan kalakarulalo dagoberto waskwez, luis rolando ixquiak mexicara, carlos merida, annibal lopez, raberto gonzalez goyri mariyu elmar rene rojas unnaaru.
cinema.
gwatemalan darsakudu jairo bustamante gwatemalan samakaaleena samajam mariyu rajakeeyaalapai drushti saarinchina thana chitraalato antarjaateeya prekshakulanu sampadincharuhu sampadincharuhu "ixcanul", mariyu mariyu "temblores" mariyu "laa lorona" (edustunna mahila).
media mariyu vaartalu.
gwaatemaalaaloni pradhana jaateeya vaartaapatrikalalo "prensa librey", "ell periodico" mariyu "siglo 21" unnaayi. gwatemalalo konni pradhana sthaanika chaanallu mariyu radeo stationlu kooda unnaayi, veetilo gwatemala pradhana radeo stationlalo okataina "emisoras unidas" unnaayi.
sangeetam.
gwatemalan sangeetam aneka sailulu mariyu vyakteekaranalanu kaligi untundi. charitralu, prastuta samasyalu, saamaanya prajala raajakeeya viluvalu, pooraataalanu militam chese newa canson vanti sangeetam dwara gwatemalan saamaajika maarpu saadhikaarata pondindi. maayalu vaari vigraharadhana dwara namodu cheyabadinatlugaa teevramaina sangeeta abhyasanni kaligi unnaaru. 1524 nundi european sangeethaaniki parichayam cheyabadina kotta prapanchamlo modati praantaalalo gwatemala kooda okati. punarujjeevanam, barok, shaastreeya, srungaara mariyu samakaaleena sangeeta sailulaku chendina aneka mandhi swarakartalu anni sailula rachanalaku todpaddaaru. chekka gylophone lanty marimba jaateeya vaayidyam mariyu daani sangeetam gwatemalalo vistrutamgaa kanipistundi. idhi oka sataabdaaniki paiga prachuryam pondina chaalaa aakarshanheeyamaina mukkala pedda pradarsanasaalanu abhivruddhi chesindi.
historia general dii gwatemala" gwatemala yokka chaaritraka sangeetaanni sankalanam chese sidi la shrenini prachurinchindi, dheenilo maaya, valasarajyalu, swatantra mariyu ganatantra yugaala nundi neti varaku prati shaili praatinidhyam vahistundi. gwaatemaalaaloni aneka samakaaleena sangeeta brundaalu carabian sangeetam, salsa, garifuna-prabhaavita punta, latin pop, mexican praantiiya mariyu mariachi vaayistaayi.
vantakaalu.
gwatemalan vantakaalalo aneka saampradaaya aaharaalu maayan vantakaalapai aadharapadi untaayi mariyu mokkajonna, mirapakayalu mariyu nalla beans pradhana padaarthaalugaa untaayi. saampradaaya vantakaalalo turkey, pepian mariyu kosidolato kuudina tamota aadhaarita vantakam ayina cock 'ick (cock-ick) thoo sahaa vividha rakaala vantakaalu kooda untaayi. gwatemala daani "antogetolu" kuu kooda prasiddhi chendindi, indulo "chuchitos" anie piluvabade chinna tamales, veyinchina aratipandlu mariyu tomato saas, gwakamol ledhaa block beans thoo tostadas unnaayi. konni aaharaalu kooda saadhaaranamgaa vaaramlooni konni rojulalo tintaaru; udaaharanaku, guruvaram naadu "paacheelu" (bangaladumpalato tayaaru chesina oka rakamaina tamale) tinadam oka prasiddha aacharam. november 1naa anni saadhuvula dinotsavam kosam fiambrey ledhaa tamales mariyu "ponche" (fruit punch) vanti konni vantakaalu kooda pratyeka sandarbhaalato mudipadi untaayi, ivi rendoo chrismus samayamlo chaalaa saadhaaranam.
kreedalu.
football.
football gwatemalalo atyanta prajaadarana pondina creeda mariyu daani jaateeya jattu concoff championship yokka 18 editionlalo kanipinchindi, kanipinchindi okasari gelichindi. ayithe, eee jattu ippativaraku fifa prapancha kapku arhata saadhinchadamlo viphalamaindi. viphalamaindi sthaapinchabadina gwatemala jaateeya football samakhya desham yokka jaateeya leag mariyu daani diguva sthaayi pootiilanu nirvahistundi.
footsal.
footsal bahusha gwatemalalo atyanta vijayavantamaina jattu creeda. daani jaateeya jattu 2008 concockoff footsal champiyanshipnu aatidhyamichindi. idhi idhi aatidhyamichina rannarapga kooda nilichindi mariyu mariyu kaamsya patakaanni geluchukundi.
gwatemala gwatemala jarigina fifa footsal prapancha kaplo modatisaarigaa aatidhyamichindi mariyu 2008 nundi prati pootiiloo aadindi. idhi modati roundnu ennadoo daataledu. idhi 2009 nundi prati grand prix dii futsallo kooda paalgoni, paalgoni semifinalku cherukundi.
olympics.
gwatemalan olympic kamitee kamitee sthaapinchabadindi mariyu adhe samvatsaram antarjaateeya olympic kamiteeche gurtinchabadindi. gwatemala 1952 vesavi olympicslo, mariyu 1968 vesavi olympics nundi prati editionloo paalgondi. idhi idhi oke sheethaakaala olympic editionloo kooda kanipinchindi.
eric barrondo ippativaraku gwatemalaku ekaika olympic patakaanni geluchukunnadu, 2012 vesavi olympicslo rays walkinglo rajatam.
itara kreedalu.
basketball ledhaa beach wallyball vanti aneka vibhagalalo jaateeya creeda jatlanu kooda gwatemala unchutundi.

