
bhasha kutumbaala jabita

bhasha kutumbaala jabita krinda ivvabadindi. indulo bhashalu, vargeekarinchani bhashalu mariyu itara rakalu kooda unnaayi.
pradhana bhasha kutumbaalu.
bhashala sankhya dwara.
"ethnolog" 24 (2021) prapanchamlo telisina 7,139 bhaashalalo kaneesam 1 saatam kaligi unna eee krindi kutumbaalanu jabita chestundih
"glotolog" 4.7 (2022) 8,565 bhaashalalo (sanketha bhashalu, pidginlu mariyu vargeekarinchaleni bhashalu kakunda) eee krindi vaatini atipedda kutumbaluga jabita chestundih
bhasha gananalu oka maandalikamgaa pariganinchabade vaatipai aadharapadi gananeeyamgaa maaravacchu; udaaharanaku lyle camp bell 27 ottomanguian bhashalanu matrame lekkistundi, ayinappatikee athanu, "ethnolog" mariyu "glotolog" kooda yea bhashalu kutumbamlo unnayane daanipai vibhedistunnaru.
praantam vaareegaa bhasha kutumbaalu.
camp bell bhasha viviktatatoe sahaa mottam 406 swatantra bhasha kutumbaalanu gurtistundi. antarinchipoyina bhashalanu kataaralu (  ±) gurtistaayi.
africa.
africa (42)
america.
camp bell (2019) prakaram, americalalo mottam 175 bhasha kutumbaalu unnaayi, veetilo bhasha viviktulu kooda unnaayi.
uttara america (54)
mexico mariyu mesoamerica (14)
dakshina america (107)
nikulin (2020) sthuula-zhe kutumbam bororan, chikvitano, jabutian, zen, jiko, kamakanan, karaja, crenacon, maxacalian, ofaye, purie-corodo mariyu rickbacts kaligi untundani bhaavistundi. nikulin yokka sthuula-zhe chellubaatu ayyedigaa angeekarinchabadithe, idhi dakshina americalo swatantra bhasha kutumbaalu mariyu viviktula mottam sankhyanu 96kii taggistundi.
eurasia.
eurasia (34)
papuwan.
eee krindi bhasha kutumbaalu mariyu vivikta bhashalu annee tarachugaa bhougolikamgaa papuwan bhashaluga vargeekarinchabaddaayi. idhi camp bell (2019) prakaram papuwan kutumbaala mottam sankhyanu 125kii teesukuvastundi. palmer mariyu itarulu. (2018), ayithe, 80 papuwan bhasha kutumbaalanu mariyu viviktulanu gurtistundi.
papuwan (125)
australia.
camp bell (2019) 30 swatantra australian bhasha kutumbaalanu mariyu isolatelanu gurtistundi.
australia (30)
clyer bowern yokka "australian bhashalu" (2011) prakaram, australian bhashalu sumaru 30 praathamika upa samuhaluga mariyu 5 isolateluga vibhajinchabaddaayi. intalo, "glotolog" 4 (2019) australialo 23 swatantra kutumbaalanu mariyu 9 isolatelanu gurtistundi, indulo mottam 32 swatantra bhasha samuuhaalu unnaayi.
bhasha kutumbaalu (saine kaanivi).
eee krindi vaatilo, prati bullet amsam telisina ledhaa anumaanaaspada bhasha kutumbam. chaaritraatmakamgaa vistruta bhougolika pampinheelatho kuudina faila, conny tulanaatmakamgaa koddi mandhi prastuta matladevarilo eskimo-alute, naa-deney, algic, kwechuwan mariyu nilo-saharan unnaayi. 
vaatipai bhougolika sheershikalu kutumbaalanu sekaranalugaa vargeekarinchadaaniki oka saadhanamgaa matrame uddesinchabaddaayi, konni vandala swatantra kutumbaala nirmaanaatmaka jabita kante marinta ardhamayyevi. bhougolika sambandham aaa prayojanam kosam soukaryavantamgaa untundi, conny eee sheershikalu anevi "suupar-families" anae yea phylogeneticalga perkonna kutumbaalaku sambandhinchina suuchana kaadu. 
oka kutumbamlo vyaktigata bhashala sankhya mariyu vaati matladevari sankhya sthuula anchanaalu matrameh marinta vivarana kosam mandalikam ledhaa bhasha mariyu bhasha janabha chudandi.
bhasha verucheyabadutundi.
bhasha vivikta bhashalu anevi telisina yea kutumbamlo bhaagam kaani bhashalu, mariyu vaatini pratyamnaayamgaa vaari swantha kutumbaala ekaika pratinidhulugaa varninchavachhu.
vargeekarinchani bhashalu.
bhashalanu vargeekarinchanivigaa pariganistaaru, endukante, oka kaaranam ledhaa maroka kaaranam valla, vaatini itara bhaashalatho poolchadaaniki takkuva prayatnam cheyabadindi, ledhaa saadhaaranamgaa avi nammadagina vargeekarananu anumatinchadaaniki chaalaa takkuvagaa namodu cheyabaddayi atuvanti bhashalu chaalaa varaku antarinchipooyaayi mariyu, bahusha, vargeekarinchadaaniki taginantagaa eppatikee teliyadu.
dhruveekarinchani bhashalu.
dhruveekarinchabadani bhashalu, pratyaksha aadharalu laeni uddesinchina bhashala paerlu, anni aadharalu kolpoyina bhashalu ledhaa bhasha punarnirmaanamlo pratipaadinchabadina oohaatmaka proto-languagelu kaavacchu.
antarinchipoyina kutumbaalu mariyu vargeekarinchani bhashalu.
eee vibhagam antarinchipoyina bhashalu mariyu kutumbaalanu jabita chestundi, veetilo jeevinchi unna bandhuvulu evaruu laeru; veetilo oka minority baga telisinappatikii, janyusaastraparamgaa swatantramgaa vargeekarinchabadindi (puraatana sumerian bhasha vale), dhruvikarana lekapovadam valla veetilo chaalaa vaatini pedda samuhaluga unchadam kashtam.
itara bhasha vargeekaranalu.
bhashalanu kutumbaluga vargeekarinchadam, avanni oke maatru-muula-bhasha nundi abhivruddhi chendutayani mariyu kalakramena ververu kumarte bhashaluga (luu) abhivruddhi chendutayani bhaavistundi. chaalaa bhashalu eee vivaranaku baga saripothayi, ayithe minahaayimpulu unnaayi.
mishrama bhasha tarachugaa ippatike unna vaati yokka nirdishta kalayikanu suuchistumdi, idhi vividha kutumbaala nundi udbhavinchavachhuh pidgin anedi samuuhaala madhya communication kosam upayoginche saadhaarana bhasha; indulo saralata mariyu/ledhaa bahula bhashala kalayika undavacchu. pillalu puttinappati nundi neerchukunee pidgin marinta sthiramaina bhashaga abhivruddhi chendinappudu, dheenini saadhaaranamgaa "creol" anie pilustaaru.
vaadukalo soulabhyam kosam ledhaa kalpanalo upayogam kosam srushtinchabadinaa, bhashalanu ippatike unna vaati nundi abhivruddhi kakunda, naela nundi kooda nirminchavacchu; veetini nirminchina bhashaluga pilustaaru.
sanketha bhashalu.
bhasha parisoedhanaloo venukabadi undatam valla sanketha bhashala kutumba sambandhaalu baga sthaapinchabadaledu, mariyu chaalaa unnaayi (cf. whitman 1991).
eee bhasha kutumbaalaku minchi, aneka vivikta bhashalu unnaayi, vaatilo

