
maantrikudini aaraadhinchadam (mostairt)

1520la prarambham nundi dutch punarujjeevanodyama kalakarudu zaan mostart, amsterdamloni rizks museum sekaranalo panel paintingpai ayil paintingnu geesaaru, ikkada 2020loe idhi gadhi 0.1 loe pradarsinchabadindi. panel 51 sem. mea. × 36.5 sem. mea. (20 angulaalu × 14.4 angulaalu) kolustundi, mariyu paint chesina uparitalam 48.5 sem. mea. × 34 sem. mea. vadda konchem takkuvagaa untundi. dheenini tarachugaa kalaa charitralo atyanta goppa amsterdam "aaradhana" anie pilustaaru, idhi maagee aaradhana yokka itara chitraala nundi vaeru cheyadaaniki.
mathue 2:1-12 yokka suvaarta aadhaaramgaa, maerii thana biddatho kalisi oka vistrutamaina rajabhavanam sidhilaalalo kuurchuni mugguru baibil mantrikudi bahumatulanu andukuntundi, vaari anucharulu nepathyamlo kanipistaaru, oka fontasy prakruti drushyamtho. kreestu chiled melchier yokka dhoopam yokka gulikalo thootivaadu, idhi anchu chuttoo "away maria" ("hail maerii") anie chekkabadindi. edama vaipuna, seyint joseph pradhana samuuham venuka baga dustulu dharinchina vyaktitoe chuustuu, matladutu nilabadi untaadu, mariyu saampradaaya eddu mariyu gaadida talalu chudavachu. shidhilamaina nirmaanaanni alankarinche chinna drushyaalalo paatha nibandhana nundi moodu drushyaalu mariyu kraistava puraanam nundi okati unnaayi.
melchier paintingnu praarambhinchina teliyani vyakti yokka chitram anipistundi, mariyu paatha kaspar maroka chitram kaavacchu. panel yokka saapekshamgaa chinna parimaanam mariyu kendra samuuham yokka saannihityam charchi ledhaa itara praja neepadhyaaniki viraalam kakunda private illu kosam roopondinchina paintingnu suuchistumdi.
vigraharadhana.
chitralekhanam yokka vigraharadhana mariyu kuurpu yokka aneka amsaalu eee samayam nundi chaalaa prajaadarana pondina eee vishayam yokka itara netherlandish chithranalatho chaalaa pooli untaayi, conny konni vivaralu asaadhaaranamainavi.
maageelu "manishi yokka moodu yugaalu" mariyu madhyayuga prapanchaaniki telisina moodu khandaalanu suuchistaayi. melchier saampradayakamgaa madhya vayaskudigaa choopabadindi mariyu aseanu suuchistumdi; athanu tarachugaa pertianga perkonabaddadu. chaalaa tarachugaa idhi kaspar, vruddhaapyam mariyu airopanu suuchistumdi, athani bangaaram pradarsana kshanam choopabadindi, conny ikkada bahusha daata vayassu melchiyarku baga saripotundi. eppatilaage, yuvata mariyu africaku praatinidhyam vahistunna baltazar thana vanthu kosam vechi unnadu.
chitra sthalam mundu bhaagamlo sagam podavulo pradhana bommalanu choopinche kuurpulu, 15va sataabdam chivaralo hugo vaan derr yokka aavishkarana; rendu samskaranalu prarambha kaapeelalo manugada saaginchaayi. avi pradhana vyaktulapai marinta sannihita yekagratanu anumatistaayi. mostert deenni sarigga cheyadu, mariyu athani niluvu chitra aakruti sidhilaalu, prakruti drushyam mariyu retinuela kosam paina pushkalamgaa sthalaanni anumatistundi. ayithe, athanu mundu madhyalo table ledhaa ledge yokka chinna versionnu upayogistaadu.
looke suvaartalooni vruttaantam yokka sthiraamkam tarachugaa janma chitraalalo mariyu tadupari drushyaalalo padubadina rajabhavanamga parinaamam chendindi. idhi bethlehemlo janminchina raaju david raajabhavanaaniki praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki nirvahinchabadindi, mariyu paatha odambadika shidhilaavasthaku kooda prateekagaa undhi. melchier talapai madhyalo dustulu dharinchina iddaru purushulu bahusha sanghatana sthalaaniki vachhe gorrela kaaparulanu suuchistaaru, alaage zaan gossert yokka "raajula aaradhana" (national gallery) loe ilanti bommalu kooda unnaayi. rendu chitraalu eddu mariyu gaadidanu chuuputaayi, conny pramukhamgaa kaadu; avi munupati sataabdamloo "mantrikudi aaradhana" yokka chitranalalo matrame saadhaaranam ayyayi.
dustulu ekkuvagaa "aadhunika" sailula yokka anyadesa roopaalu, mariyu maerii yokka asadhaaranamgaa goppa dustulu "fyaashan neckline" kaligi untaayi, sleevku velaadutunna mutyaalu gurinchi pratyaekamgaa cheppanakkarledu. samakaaleena antwerp paddhatulu kaliginavaaru aneka chitranalalo kanipinche vipareeta vidaeseeyata lekunda, maagee dustulu samruddhiga untaayi. melchier oka fyaashan spanish-shaili hood thoo prayaana dustulu dharistundi.
chinna chinna sannivesaalu.
mataparamaina suuchana yokka lothunu penchadaaniki, nepadhyamlo chekkina silpaalugaa chuupabadina chinna matha drushyaalu prarambha netherlands chitralekhanamlo sarvasaadhaaranam. conny stambham meeda chuupina naalugu chinna drushyaalu mariyu pradhana samuuham venuka, maerii mariyu yesu paina unna silpaalu paintingloo asaadhaaranamainavi. errati nepathyam gala vaastusilpam meeda, edama vaipu raaju david yokka aspashtamaina mariyu asaadhaarana drushyamtho praarambhamaindani gurtinchabadindi, bethleheim philishteeyulache pattukunnappudu, mugguru vyaktulu tamaku chaalaa pramaadam unna baavi nundi teesina neetini traagadaaniki nirakarincharuhu 
15 daaveedu neella kosam aaratapadi, "ayyo, bethlehemu dwaaram daggara unna baavi nundi evarainaa naaku neeru tagela chestaarani!"16 aaa mugguru saktivantamaina yodhulu philishteeyula sarihaddulanu daati, bethlehemu dwaaram sameepamloni baavi nundi neetini teesi, daanini tirigi daaveedu vaddaku teesukuvellaaru. conny athanu daanini traagadaaniki niraakarinchaadu; badulugaa, athanu daanini prabhuvu mundu poesaadu. 17 "prabhuu, ilaa cheyadam naaku dhooramgaa undandi!"anie ayana annaru. "tama praanaalanu panamgaa petti vellinadi purushula raktam kaadaa?"mariyu david daanini tragaledu. (niv)
eee drushyam konnisaarlu kalalo mantrikudi aaraadhanaku oka vilakshanhamaina puurvaruupamgaa upayoginchabadindi, spashtamgaa mugguru vyaktula drushya kuurpu yokka praathamika saaruupyata aadhaaramgaa, yesu yokka puurveekulugaa pariganinchabade raaja vyaktiki edainaa andinchadam, yea vedaanta sambandhaaniko badulu. udaaharanaku, avi kanrad whitz chetha balipeetam palakalo kanipistaayi mariyu maikhel patcher yokka "seyint" chatramlo chekkabaddayi. wolfgang balipeetam "(seyint. wolfgang imm saljkammargut, austria, 1471-81). 
daaniki kudi vaipuna, punjam venta, jesse chettu yokka baga telisina drushyam yokka kshitija samaantara roopam undhi, dheeni nundi, aaa kaalamlooni prekshakulu sulabhamgaa gurtinchagaligevaaru. madhyayuga kraistava drukpathamlo, idhi yesu vamsapaaramparyaanni vivarinchindi.
stambhampai tibertain sibil undhi, idhi augustus paina unna oka drushtini choopistundi, idhi oka prasiddha kraistava puraanam. taruvaati madhya yugaalaku telisina samskaranalalo, roman senate aadesinchinatlugaa, chakravarthy augustus tananu deevudigaa poojinchala vadda anie sibilnu adigadu. aakaasamlo ettaina abbayitho unna oka yuvatini choopinchadam dwara aame samadhanam ichindi, ayithe swargam nundi oka swaram "idhi prapancha rakshakudini garbham dalche kanya" anie cheppindi. eee episode maagee sandarsanaku puurvaruupamgaa pariganinchabadindi, udaaharanaku rossier vaan derr weeden yokka bladelin balipeetam (1460), ippudu gemaldegalary, berlin yokka rendu vaipula rekkalapai "maagee aaradhana" thoo jatacheyabadindi. 
dheeni krinda stambham meeda joseph yokka paatha nibandhana katha nundi butler (ledhaa "cup barer") kala undhi. athanu thana khaidu cheyabadina raashtraaniki praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki stacklalo kuurchunnaadu, faroe kappunu mosukeltadu, conny "vichitramgaa" swayamgaa kireetam dharistaadu.
9 appudu pradhana paanavaahakulu yosepuku thana kalanu teliyajesaaru. ayana athanitho, "naa kalalo naa mundu oka draakshaavallini chushanu, 10 aaa drakshavalli meeda moodu kommalu undevi. adhi molakettina ventane, adhi vikasinchindi, daani samuuhaalu draakshagaa pandaayi. 11 faroe ginne naa chetilo undhi, neenu draakshanu teesukoni, vaatini faroe ginnelo pindivesi, ginnenu athani chetilo unchaanu."
12 yosepu athanitho, "dheeni ardham idhe" anie annadu. "moodu saakhalu moodu rojulu. 13 moodu rojullo faroe nee thala paiketti nee sthithiki tirigi vastaadu, meeru faroe ginneni athani chetilo unchutaaru, meeru athani ginne mosevaarugaa unnappudu chesinatle.
kreestu puttukatho puurvanirdhaarana sambandham yokka oka vilakshanhamaina madhyayuga vivarana emitante, "kappu mosevadu paapamlo bandeegaa unna maanavatvaanni suuchistaadu, wine maanavajaatini vimochinche kreestunu suuchistumdi, mariyu draksha rasam kreestu raktaanni puurvanirdhaarana chestundi."
eee drushyaalannee "speculum humane salvation" yokka vividha samskaranalalo kanipistaayi, idhi typological jatala sachitra handbook, ekkuvagaa paatha mariyu kotta nibandhanalaku madhya, idhi 14va sataabdam nundi 16va sataabdam prarambham varaku prakaasavantamaina manuscript, blockbook mariyu mudrita roopaalalo baga prachuryam pondindi. mostert thana rachanalaku aadhaaramgaa daadaapu yaabhai samvatsaraala kritam nundi blockbook editionnu upayoginchinatlu telustondi.
augustus mariyu sibil (edama vaipuna nepathyamlo), mariyu oka stambham meeda errati nepathyamlo oka wine upasamana namuunaa rendoo mostert yokka "nait abel vaan coostler yokka chitram" loe kanipistaayi, bahusha idhe teedeeki chendinavi, mariyu berlinloni zemaldegal loe stree chittaruvulo chaalaa saaruupya drushyam mariyu nepathya bhavanam upayoginchabadataayi. maurishuislo 1500 loe "baker mariyu butler kalalanu vivarinche joseph" yokka chinna painting tatkalikamga mostert kuu aapaadinchabadindi. prati kala swapnaanni chuse vyakti paina unna godapai chithreekarinchabadindi. mostert aaraadhanaku sameepamlo velaadadeesina "jesse chettu", sanklishtamaina mariyu vivaadaaspada aapaadimpunu kaligi undhi, mostert, alaage 1495loe harlemlo maraninchina geertjen tutt sint johns ledhaa athani workshop ledhaa students thoo kuudina kontamandi panditula abhiprayam prakaram.
saanketikamgaa.
eee painting 1.3 centimeters mandamtho oke ook panelpy undhi. idhi manchi sthithilo undhi, mariyu 2007loe punaruddharinchabadindi. paraaruna pratibimbalekhanam vivaranaatmaka under draayingnu chooputundi, dheeniki painting samayamlo vividha chinna maarpulu cheyabaddaayi.
muulam.
eee painting hemskerk sameepamlo assendelft (1622-1667) laedii annah vaan renes yokka estate jabita varaku namodu cheyabadindi. eee paintingnu 1879loe carnellis sabille roose kumarudu carnellis francois roose madhyavartitvam dwara asalu yajamaanula vaarasula nundi konugolu chesaaru, appati nundi idhi anni "resksmusium mukhyaamsaalu" ketalaglalo cherchabadindi.

