
nagala charitra

 
nagala charitra sataabdaala naatidi, conny bhaarata charitra yokka madhyayuga kaalamlo ahom rajyam yokka likhita recordulalo modata kanipistundi. 1228loe assamlo sthaapinchabadina ahom raajyamtho sambandhaalanu pempondinchukovadamtho paatu, nagalu saadhaaranamgaa bayati prapanchaaniki dhooramgaa unde unikini kaligi undevaaru. idhi 19va sataabdamloo maarindi, 1817 mariyu 1826 madhya barmis saamrajyam assampai aneka dandayaatralanu praarambhinchinappudu, idhi nagalu kontakaalam barmis paalanaloki raavadaaniki daariteesindi. ayithe, 1826 yandabo oppandam taruvaata poruguna unna british saamrajyam 1828loe assamnu swaadheenam chesukundi.
1830laloe, british vaaru eee praantampai tama niyantrananu patishtam chesukovadaniki aneka dandayaatra dalaalanu assanku pampaaru; 1845loe, british adhikarulu assamloni british-niyantrita bhuubhaagampai naga daadulaku mugimpu palakadaniki aneka naga adhipatulatho daadi cheyani oppandampai santakam chesaaru. ayithe, naga eee oppandaanni ullanghinchi, british niyantranalo unna bhuubhaagaalapai daadulu konasaaginchindi. 19va sataabdamloo, naga tegalanu longadeesukoovadaaniki mariyu thala vaeta mariyu girijanula madhya himsa vanti saampradaaya naga paddhatulanu raddu cheyadaaniki british prayatnaalu naga nundi gerilla vyuuhaalatoe, mukhyamgaa angami naagaatho pratighatinchabaddaayi. valasarajyala adhikarulu varusa sikshaatmaka dandayaatralanu praarambhinchadam dwara pratispandinchaaru, idhi eee pratighatananu antam chesindi.
modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo, 2,000 mandhi nagalu british indian armi (biah) loe chaeri paschima frontlo panicheesaaru. rendava prapancha yuddhamlo, pedda sankhyalo nagalu bialo cherukoni, japan dalaalapai daadi cheyadaaniki vyatiraekamgaa barma dandayaatralo poraadaaru. 1947loe british paalana nundi bharatadesam swaatantryam pondina taruvaata, naga bharatiya pourulugaa maararu, ayithe 1958 nundi eee praantamloo jaathi vivaadam konasagutondi.
kraistava missionarylu.
pantommidava sataabdamloo americaku chendina protestant kraistava missionarylu chaalaa mandini nagalalo matamarpidi cheyadamlo vijayam saadhinchaaru. idhi vaaru aneka acharalu mariyu sampradaayaalanu vadulukovadaaniki daariteesindi mariyu british taraha vidya vyavasthala vyaaptitoe paatu, naga kondalalo aadhunikata raakalo bhaagamgaa undhi. naga kondalalo modati missionary rev anie nammutaaru. 1839loe miles branson, prastuta arunachal pradaeslooni tirap jilla paridhilooni namsangloni nocte nagalo kontakaalam basa chesaaru. 1870laloe, daa. & srimati. ii. doubleu. clark oo prajala madhya panicheesaaru. oka mister sahayamtho. assamies kraistavudu ayina godhula, vaaru 1872loe molungkimong (dekha haimong graamam) loe modati charchini, baptist charchini sthaapinchaaru.
prajalu kraistava mataanni sweekarinchadamtho, vaaru marintagaa "naga" gurtimpunu abhivruddhi cheyadam praarambhinchaaru, idhi poraadutunna graamaala aadhaaramgaa vaari bhedaala nundi samuulamaina nishkramana. nedu, 95 saataaniki paiga naga prajalu kraistavulugaa, ekkuvagaa baptistuluga gurtinchabaddaaru.
pratighatana mariyu gurtimpu kosam poraatam.
naga kondalu chaalaa kaalamgaa bayati samskrutula nundi verucheyabadinanduna avi nirantara pratighatana praantamgaa unnaayi. jaateeyavaada sphuurtini pempondinchadam, ummadi gurtimpu bhavana naga prajalalo saapekshamgaa kotta bhavanalu. vaari sampradaayaala prakaram, prati graamam swatantra ganatantram; praarambhamlo, vaaru anni bayati aadhipatyam nundi vimukti pondaalani korukunnaru.
aadhunika vidya, kraistava missionlatho kalisi, naga jaathi raajakeeyeekaranaku dohadapadindi. 1918loe vidyaavantulaina nagala brundam 1918loe naga klabnu erpaatu chesindi. "nagalanu bharatadesa samskarinchina pathakamlo cherchakudadani" demand chestu club 1929loe saiman commissionku lekha rasindi.
1947 augustu 14naa, british paalana nundi bharatadesam swaatantryam pondadaaniki oka roeju mundu, nagalu tama bhoobhaganni kotta deshaaniki chendinadi kakunda swatantra rashtramgaa prakatinchina eesaanyam nundi vacchina modati jaathi samuuham. angami japu fizo naga national council (nnc) thoo prarambha udyamaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. british raaj chivari rojullo, athanu saarvabhouma naga deshaanni saadhinchadaaniki prayatnistuu charchalu jaripaadu. 1947 juunloo, nagalanu oke raajakeeya paripalana vibhagam kindaku teesukuvastaanani vaagdaanam chesina 9 amsaala oppandam santakam cheyabadindi mariyu 10 samvatsaraala taruvaata nagala swayam nirnayadhikara hakkunu gurtinchindi. oppandam yokka vivaranapai vivaadaalu talettaayi, nnclo chaalaa mandhi dheenini vyatiraekimchaaru.
fizo aadhvaryamlo, nnc bharatadesaniki oka roeju mundu 1947 augustu 14naa british vaari nundi tama swaatantryaanni prakatinchindi. mae 1951loe, naga prajalalo 99 saatam mandhi bharatadesam nundi vidipovadaaniki prajabhipraya sekaranaku maddatu icchaarani, dheenini newdhilleeloo prabhutvam kluptamgaa tiraskarinchindani nnc perkondi. 1952 natiki, nnc gerilla udyamaaniki naayakatvam vahinchindi. bharatadesam tama saayudha dalaalatoe daanini anichivesi pratispandinchindi. fizo eee praantam nundi thoorpu pakistan gundaa tappinchukuni londonku bahishkarinchabaddaadu. akkadi nundi 1990loe thana maranam varaku ayana swaatantyra udyamaaniki sphuurtinistuunae unnaaru.
rashtra hodha, vargaalu mariyu kaalpula viramana.
nagaland rashtram 1963 december 1naa bhaarata unionlo 16va rashtramgaa adhikarikamga gurtinchabadindi. raashtramlo padakondu paripalana jillaalu unnaayi, itara upa samuuhaalatoe paatu 16 pradhana jaathi samuuhaalu nivasistunnaayi. prati samuuham acharalu, bhasha mariyu dustula paramgaa vilakshanamainadi.
dheeni taruvaata shanti pratipaadanalu jarigaayi. nagaland baptist charchi council (enbisisi) pradhana paatra pooshinchindi. 1964 janavari 31 nundi fibravari 2 varaku vokhaalo jarigina moodava samavesamlo nagalandloni anni jaathi samuuhaala nundi 5,000 mandhi pratinidhulu haajarainatlu cheppabadindi, enbisisi pratipaadita "shanti charcha" nuu swaagatinchindi mariyu jayaprakash narayan, bimala prasad chaliha mariyu rev sevalanu andubaatulo unchaalani prabhutvaanni abhyardhinchindi. shanti punaruddharana lakshyamtho maikhel scott.
dheenitho shanti mission erpadindi. eee missionku rev naayakatvam vahinchaaru. maikhel scott, oka aangla charchivaadu; jayaprakash narayan, oka gandhi mariyu sarvodaya nayakudu; mariyu bii.pii. chaliha, assam yokka 3 va sem. mea. (28 december 1957-6 november 1970) assam mukhyamantri.
1964 kaalpula viramana oppandam.
rev netrutvamloni charchi nayakula maddatutoe shanti mission. langri aavo mariyu rashtra prabhutva sponsorship phalitamgaa, bhaarata prabhutvam mariyu shanti mission tarapuna governor vishnu sahay, mariyu jashey heurey, biseto medam mariyu ell. santakam chesina agnini nilipiveyadaaniki oka oppandam kudirindi. nnc bhoogarbha prabhutvam tarapuna genito santakam chesaaru. 
1964 september 6naa nagaland antataa bahiranga samavesalu, pratyeka praarthana samavesalanu nirvahinchadam dwara eee oppandaanni adhikarikamga prakatinchinappatikii, vaastava oppandam 1964 mae 23naa phek jillaalooni sakraba graamamlo santakam cheyabadindi.
kaalpula viramana prakatana taruvaata pradhanamgaa shanti mission sabhyulu, naga nayakulu mariyu shanti pariseelakula brundam madhya varusa shanti charchalu jarigaayi. chivariki, charchala sthaayini penchaaru, vedikanu kotta dhilleeki marcharu, 1966 nundi 1967 varaku pradhani indiraagaandhii mariyu naga nayakula madhya aaru roundla charchalatho mugisindi.
shanti charchalu.
modati round fibravari 1naa newdhilleeloo jarigindi mariyu naga pratinidhi brundaaniki vaari pradhana mantri kughato sukhay naayakatvam vahinchaaru. itara sabhyulu imcongmeren, upaadhyakshudu, isak ess. doubleu. yuu, videsanga karyadarshi, luu. angam, mariyu dallinamo. indira gaandheetho chivari round charchalu 1967 aktobaru 3naa newdhilleeloo jarigaayi. newdhilleeloo jarigina anni shanti charchalalo, naga pratinidhi brundaaniki kughato sukhay naayakatvam vahinchaaru. ayithe, eee charchala phalitamgaa etuvanti saanukuula oppandam kudaraledu.
anischiti kaalam.
oppandam nibandhanalanu ullanghinchinanduku bhadrata dalaalu mariyu nagala madhya aaropanalu mariyu prati-chaarjeelu unnaayi. 1968 augustu 3naa, kohima pattanam nadibodduna "zen" kaito anae naga nayakudu pagatipuuta hatyaku gurayyadu. 1972 augustu 8naa mukhyamantri hokishe semapai kohima sameepamlo anumaanita naga sabhyulu aakasmikamgaa daadi chesaaru. mukhyamantri etuvanti saareeraka haani lekunda tappinchukunnaaru, conny ayana kumarte teevramgaa gaayapadindi.
1972 augustu 31naa prabhutvam moodu naga samsthalanu nishedhinchindi, 1) naga jaateeya mandali, 2) naga samakhya prabhutvam mariyu 3) samakhya sainyam. rendavadi, kaalpula viramana oppandaanni marinta podiginchadaanni vyatiraekimchaalani prabhutvam nirnayinchindi.
shanti prayatnaalanu punaruddharinchaaru.
ayithe rev chesinappudu shanti mission raddu cheyabadindi. maikhel scott 1966loe bharatadesam vidichi vellaadu. kaalpula viramana 1972loe mugisindi.
charchi nayakula choravatho nagaland shanti mandali (enn. pii. sii) nuu punarnirminchaaru. shanti kosam charchalu konasagayi. 1975 maarchilo rashtrapati paalana prakatinchina taruvaata eee prayatnam kotta utsaahamto vegavantamaindi.
1975 maeloe enn. pii. sii. yokka anusandhaana kamitee, rev thoo kuudinadi. langri aavo, kenneth kerhuvo, ell. lunglong, emm. aram, mariyu lungshim shaiza, naagaalaku pratinidhigaa undamani kevi yaaleeni abhyardhinchaaru. aaa taruvaata, naga nayakulu prabhutvamtho charchalu jarapadaniki tama pratinidhulalo aarugurini empika chesaaru. dheeni taruvaata naga pratinidhulu mariyu governorku iddaru salahaadaarulu praatinidhyam vahinchina prabhutvam madhya aidu varusa charchalu jarigaayi. jopianga, mariyu ramuni.
shillong oppandam 1975.
eee charchala phalitamgaa chivaraku 1975 november 11naa nagaland governor ell. santakam chesina shillong oppandam kudirindi.pii singh bhaarata prabhutvaaniki praatinidhyam vahistunnaaru mariyu nnc naayakatvaaniki assa mariyu kevi yallie praatinidhyam vahistunnaaru. bhaarata raajyaamgaanni besharatugaa angeekarinchadaaniki, aayudhaala longipovadaaniki nnc angeekarinchindi.
takshana phalitam pedda ettuna aayudhalu mariyu sibbandi longipovadam. nnc sabhyulanu kaligi unna gramalu, vaari rahasya karyakalapalanu nilipiveyamani vaarini oppinchaayi. raashtramloni aidu jillaalanu bhoogarbha muulakaala nundi dadapuga tolaginchaaru. kontakaalam nagaland lopala tirugubaatu takkuvagaa jarigindi.
eee oppandaanni aneka nagalu khandinchaaru mariyu viplavakaarulalo vargavaadaaniki naandi palikaru. national soshalistu council off nagaland (nscn) 1970la chivaralo theungleng muiva, isak chishi swu mariyu ess. lachae erpadindi. ess. khaplong. khaplong maroka samuuhaanni praarambhinchinappudu nscn taruvaata rendugaa vidipoyindi.
1980la madhyakaalam nundi raashtramlo himsa punaruddharinchabadindi. vividha naga samuuhaalu, rashtra adhikaarula madhya sodarabhava gharshanalu praananashtaaniki daariteesaayi, praja kramaanni bhangaparichayi, rashtra aardhika abhivruddhini addukunnayi.
viplavaatmaka samuuhaala madhya sodarabhava himsa 1990la varaku konasaagindi. mukhyamgaa manipurlo, nagalu mariyu kukeela madhya jaathi himsa chelaregindi, irupakshaalu vandalaadi mandhi praananashtaaniki gurayyayi.
1993 janavari 23naa, nscn (nscn (im)) yokka isak-muiva samuuham praatinidhyam laeni deshaalu mariyu prajala samstha (unpo) loe cherchabadindi. idhi naga kaaranampai antarjaateeya drushtini aakarshinche maargamgaa pariganinchabadindi.
1997 kaalpula viramana oppandam.
nscn (im) thoo charchalu jaripina taruvaata, bhaarata prabhutvam prajala aakaankshalaku anugunamgaa vyavaharinchindi, 1997 juulai 25naa pradhaanamantri, antey. keey. gujarat, loak sabha mariyu raajyasabhalo oka prakatanalo, 1997 augustu 1 nundi moodu nelala kaalaaniki kaalpula viramananu prakatinchindi. kaalpula viramana prakatana taruvaata bhaarata prabhutvam nirdesinchina praathamika nibandhanalanu amalu cheyadaaniki kaalpula viramana paryaveekshanha vibhaganni erpaatu chesaaru. aaa tarvaata kaalpula viramananu marinta podiginchaaru. ayithe, anpo prakaram, 2009loe nagaland velupala unna anni naga-janavasa praantaalaku kaalpula viramananu adhikarikamga vistarinchadaaniki bhaarata prabhutvam niraakarinchadam saantiki atipedda addankigaa nscn bhaavinchindi. bhaarata sainyam mariyu nscn cader madhya gharshanalu konasagayi.
nagaland prajalaku mariyu saadhaaranamgaa bharatadesa eshaanya raashtraala abhivruddhiki keelakamaina saantiki puurti parishkaram puurtigaa kanugonabadaledu.

