
bogdan kistiakovsky

bogdan alexandrovich kistiakovsky (russian огдан алечсантроооviviч Кистяячооочсссkiy; 16 november 1869-16 april 1920) oka ukrainian tatwavetta, nyaayavetta mariyu saamaajika shaastravetta. athanu 1899loe berlinlo prachurinchabadina thana "gesselshaft und ingelvessen" (samajam mariyu vyaktulu) thoo praamukhyatanu pondaadu. tatvasaastraparamgaa athanu divya aadarsavaadaanni samarthinchaadu. 1902loe pavel novgorodsev sampaadakeeyam chesina "aadarsavaadam yokka samasyalu" ("samasya aadarsavaadam") kuu ayana todpaddaaru. 1909loe ayana "vekhi" (mailuraallu) sankalanaaniki "inn defence off laa" anae vyasanni andinchaaru.
jeevita charitra.
prarambha jeevitam.
bogdan kistiakovsky 16 november 1869naa russian saamrajyam yokka keev governorate loe janminchaadu. athani tandri alexander fedorovic kistiakovsky keev vishwavidhyaalayamlo criminal laa professor mariyu keev leagal society adhyakshudu. thana ukrainian jaateeya gurtimpu kosam taanu eppuduu kashtapaddaanani, taanu 'russian' ayyanani kishtiakovsky taruvaata vyakhyaaninchaadu.
vidya.
1888 mariyu 1892 madhya, bhoogarbha ukrainian jaateeyavaada samoohaalalo palgonadam valla keev vishwavidyaalayam mariyu kharkov vishwavidyaalayam yokka charitra mariyu bhaashaashaastra vibhagala nundi, alaage dorpat vishwavidyaalayam yokka nyaya paatasaala nundi kishtyakovsky bahishkarinchabaddaadu. 1892loe jaateeyavaada samuuhaalaku sambandhinchi ayana arrestu cheyabaddaaru, 1895loe vidudalainappudu, kistiakovsky videshaalalo thana chaduvunu konasaaginchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. athanu berlin vishwavidyaalayam, sorban mariyu strasbourg vishwavidhyaalayamlo chadivaadu. 1898loe, athanu 'samajam mariyu vyakti' anae sheershikato oka tatvasastra doctorate vyasanni samarthinchaadu, idhi marusati samvatsaram berlinlo prachurinchabadindi mariyu german aalochanaaparula nundi prasamsalu andukundi. 
kutumbam.
kristiakovsky seyint loe kaarmikula paatasaalallo bodhinchina maria vilyamovna kristakovskaya (nee berenshtam) (russian мария илhyamovna чистяячоотссссссая) nuu vivaham chesukunnadu. nadezda krupskaayaato pietersburg. vaariki iddaru kumaarulu unnaru american rasayana shaastravetta georg kistiakovsky mariyu ukrainian pakshula shaastravetta alegzander kistikovsky.
tatvasaastram mariyu nyaya vrutti.
russiaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, kishtiakovsky masco vaanijya samsthalo rashtra mariyu paripalana chattamlo lecturer ayyadu, taruvaata masco vishwavidyaalayam mariyu yaroslavlo panicheesaadu. ayana rachanalu pramukha german aalochanaaparulu, mukhyamgaa neo-contian tatvavettalu mariyu georg gellinech chetha prabhaavitamayyaayi. athanu maaks vebarku snehitudu, russia rajakeeyaalalo samskaranala avasarampai ayana thana abhipraayaalanu panchukunnaru.
1902loe, sahaja nyaya siddhaantam punaruddharanapai "aadarsavaadam yokka samasyalu (samasya aadarseekarana)" (russian προβλεmí ιδεαλιzma) anae vyaasaaniki ayana oka vyasanni andinchaaru. sekaranalo vyakteekarinchabadina aalochanalu radikal medhaavula pradhana nammakalanu vimarsinchaayi, conny avi vivaadaaniki kaaranam kakunda taginanta vidya paddhatiloo vyakteekarinchabaddaayi. indulo marks mariyu engels yokka chaaritraka siddhaantaalanu vimarsinche vyasalu mariyu comte mariyu mikhaylovsky yokka vimarsalanu kaligi unnaayi. 
1905loe, kristiakovsky saahitya-saamaajika patrika "voprosy jijni" yokka modati sanchikalo oka kathanaanni prachurinchaadu, dheenini nikolay loski savarinchaaru. vyakti yokka praamukhyatanu mariyu vaari hakkulanu gurtinchaalani, poura hakkulu sampuurnamainavi mariyu vidadeeyaraanivi anie aaa vyaasam pilupunicchindi. 
1909loe, kistiakovsky 'inn defence off laah dhi intelligentia und leagal spruha' anae sheershikato oka kathanaanni 'vekhi' kii andinchaaru."medhaavulaku chattam patla aasakti ledani, chattaparamaina spruha ledani vyaasam vaadinchindi. sahajamaina chattam' aalochananu vismarinchinanduku mariyu nyaya vyavasthalanu kevalam baahyamgaa matrame chusinanduku ayana medhaavulanu vimarsinchaaru. nyaayaparamaina spruha lekapovadaanni medhaavula sangham rajyanga vyavasthanu tiraskarinchadamto neerugaa anusandhanincharu, idhi swechcha mariyu vyaktigata hakkulaku haamii ivvagala ekaika prabhutva vyavastha anie ayana vaadinchaaru. 
thana rachanala dwara, kristiakovsky russialo raajyaangavaadaaniki pramukha nyaayavaadi ayyadu. ayana pradhana rachana, "saamaajika shaastram mariyu chattam" (1916), saamaajika saastraala sandarbhamlo, ayana kaalamlooni nyaya siddhaantam yokka pradhana paatasaalala vimarsanaatmaka vislaeshanha dwara nyaya siddhaantaanni sthaapinchadaaniki prayatninchindi.
1917loe, athanu keev vishwavidhyaalayamlo professor ayyadu mariyu ukrain federal democratic paarteeni nirvahinchadamlo kooda palgonnadu. 1919loe ayana ukrain national academy off scienceslo puurti sthaayi sabhyudiga ennikayyaaru. 1919loe prayaanamloo anaarogyamtho badhapadina kistiakovsky 1920loe yekaterinodar loe maraninchaadu. 

