
geremia jenks

geremia vippul jenks (1856-1929) oka american aardhikavetta, vidyavetta mariyu carnell vishwavidhyaalayamlo professor, ayana thana kereer mottamlo US prabhutvamlo vividha padavulanu nirvahinchaaru. athanu 1907 nundi 1914 varaku dillingham immigration commissionlo sabhyudiga panicheesaadu, dheenilo athanu united statesku valasa paristhitipai parisoedhanaa prajectulaku naayakatvam vahinchaadu. 
ayana "dhi immigration problem eah studdy off immigration conditions und need", mariyu "dhi dictionary off races" vanti aneka prabhaavavantamaina pustakaalanu rachinchaaru."prabhutvamloni modati saanghika shaastra vidyaavettalaloo ayana okaru mariyu valasanu parimitam chese adhikaram samakhya prabhutvaaniki undani pratipaadinchina modati vaarilo okaru.
jeevita charitra.
seyint clair, michigaanlo janminchina jenks 1878loe michigaon vishwavidyaalayam nundi pattabhadrudayyaadu. taruvaata illinayisloni mount morris kalasalalo bodhistunnappudu nyaayasaastram abhyasinchaadu, 1881loe michigaon baarlo cheraadu. taruvaata germanylo chaduvukunnadu, 1885loe johannes kanrad aadhvaryamlo haale vishwavidyaalayam nundi doctorate pondaadu. jenks carnell vishwavidyaalayam (1891-1912) rendintiloonuu president white school off history und political sains mariyu newyork vishwavidyaalayam (1912 taruvaata) loe sabhyudiga professor padavulu nirvahinchaaru.
newyork nagaramlo pannu kamishanarga federal prabhutvamlo thana vruttini praarambhinchi, tvaralo federal prabhutvamlo vividha padavulanu nirvahinchaaru. theodor roosvelt 1899loe atanni yuu kosam "asealo nipunudu" gaa niyaminchaaru.ess. treasury, mariyu aneka asea deshaalalo aardhika vishayaalalo americaku praatinidhyam vahinchaaru. jenks tvaralo mexico, nikaraguwa mariyu germanyki kooda salahaadaaru ayyadu, samakhya prabhutva ryaankula dwara vaegamgaa munduku sagadu. jenksnu yuu loe sabhyudiga niyaminchaaru.ess. antarjaateeya marpidi commission, mariyu 1907loe united states immigration commissionku niyaminchabaddaadu. pedda vyapara yajamaanulu mariyu kaarmika nirvaahakula samstha ayina national sivil federation kooda atanni niyaminchindi mariyu akkada athani pani kaarmikulapai athani adhyayanalaku sphuurtidaayakamgaa maarindi. jenks 1926loe vendi gede avaardutho gurtimpu pondaadu. nedu, athanu nobel graheeta friedrich hake thoo anubandham mariyu american immigration palasilo athani vaarasatvaaniki gurtundipoyadu.
aardhikasaastram.
jenks aardhika samasyala raajakeeya amsaala patla aasakti kaligi unnadu mariyu athanu vividha prabhutva commissionlalo tarachugaa panicheesaadu mariyu currency, kaarmika mariyu valasa samasyalapai aneka nivedikalu icchaadu. jenks pragatiseela yugamlo kotta aardhika siddhaanta paatasaalalo bhaagamgaa unnaaru, idhi haalii vishwavidhyaalayamlo athani vyaasa salahaadaaru ayina joseph kanrad dwara udbhavinchindi, athanu british shaastreeya aardhika saastraanni bahirangamgaa vimarsinchaadu. pragatiseela yugapu aardhikavettalu aardhika vyavasthanu naitikataku anugunamgaa maarchadampai drushti pettaru, pedda samsthalaku anukuulamgaa unde prabhutva nibandhanalanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki prayatninchaaru. jenks 1901-1902 nundi yuddha vibhagam kosam prapanchaanni paryatinchaaru, akkada ayana aasrita valasavaada prabhutvaalu aardhikamgaa elaa panichestayo pariseelinchaaru. antarjaateeya marpidi commissionlo sabhyudiga ayana prapanchavyaaptamgaa aneka itara paryatanalu chesaaru, akkada ayana prapanchavyaaptamgaa unna deshaalalo valasa vidhananni mariyu bangaaru pramaanaalanu parisoedhimchaaru. eee anubhavaala aadhaaramgaa, jenks henry kabot ladge yokka "kaalaneela prapancha" pustakamlo oka adhyayam raasaaru. "pragatiseela aardhikavettalu mariyu jenks american economic associationnu sthaapinchaaru, akkada ayana 1906-1907 varaku adhyakshudiga panicheesaaru. association lakshyaalalo okati" "saasana vidhananni abhivruddhi cheyadam", "idhi aaa samayamlo chaalaa mandhi paatha paatasaala aardhikavettalu ippatikee kathinamaina lices-fair economics aalochananu balamgaa vishwasinchaaru".
american economic association yokka samskaranavaada bhaavajaalam national sivil federation (ncf) loe sabhyudiga ayana panini prabhaavitam chesindi. jaateeya poura samakhya anedi kaarmikula pariharam, baala kaarmikulu mariyu pannulatho sahaa bahula samasyalapai ekareeti rashtra chattanni amalu cheyadaaniki prayatninchinanduna jenks vanti samskaranavaada manastatva aardhikavettala siddhaantaalatoe samalekhanam chesina vyapara-aadhipatya samstha. adanamgaa, enn. sii. eff. jenks kuu valasa samasyalaku thana modati bahirgatam ichindi, endukante 1905loe athanu chaina nundi valasa kaarmikulanu marinta parimitam cheyala vadda anae daanipai drushti saarinchina oka samavesaniki hajarayyadu. 1919loe paris shanti samavesamlo aardhika salahadaruga kooda panicheesaaru. videshaalalo jenks anubhavalu yuu. ess paie athani abhipraayaalanu prabhaavitam chesaayi.ess. valasavaadam. chaalaa mandhi ganatantra samskartalu saamraajyavaada vyatiraekulu ayinappatikee, jenks yuu. ess. valasavaadam mariyu vistaranaku bahirangamgaa pratipaadakudu. sthaanika janabha utpatti chesina asamarthathalanu bharti cheyadaaniki mariyu vaarini america naitika pramaanaalaku teesukuraavadaaniki oka maargamgaa american valasarajyala jokyanni ayana chuusaaru. videshaalalo jenks anubhavalu kooda prapanchavyaaptamgaa samakhya adhikaranni viniyoginchukune hakku americaku undani, mukhyamgaa valasa vishayaniki vasthe, ataniki aalochananu icchaayi.
rajakeeyaalu.
pragatiseela yugamlo, prabhutvamlo professorlu mariyu vidya nipunulanu chaerchadaaniki udaaharanagaa nilichina maargadarsakulalo geremia jenks okaru. 1899loe, jenksnu us treasuryki "asea nipunudigaa" niyaminchaaru, mariyu prapanchavyaaptamgaa vividha aadhaarapadina deshaalaku prayaaninchadam praarambhinchaaru. rajakeeyaalalo jenks anubhavam vividha aardhika mariyu valasa parisoedhana samsthalalo ayana prameyam nundi udbhavinchindi. enn. sii. eff. sabhyudiga, 1908loe sherman anty-trust chattanni savarinchadaaniki oka billunu roopondinchadaaniki jenks sahayapaddadu. billu chivariki viphalamainappatiki, zaan bates clark netrutvamloni naluguru sabhyula kamiteelo jenks kuurchunnaaru, idhi 1914 clyton anty-trust chattam yokka praathamika samskarananu roopondinchindi. immigration commission thoo, athanu 1910 naati maan chattam kosam namuunaa chattanni vraasaadu, idhi united states loki tella baanisatvam mariyu laingika akrama ravaanaanu parimitam cheyadampai drushti pettindi. 1911 naati dillingham immigration billu rachana mariyu aamodamlo jenks keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru, dheenini chivariki adhyakshudu vilium howard toft raddu chesaaru. edemaina, jaathi praatipadikana olasalanu parimitam chesina modati billulalo idhi okati, mariyu 1924 naati jaateeya muulaala chattam vanti federal prabhutvam tvaralo aamodinchaboye aneka nirbandha vidhaanaalaku udaaharanagaa nilichindi. 1916loe, jenksnu sidney glick netrutvamloni kamiteelo kooda chaerchaaru, idhi asea deshaala pourula valasalalo asamaana vivakshanu antam cheyadaaniki prayatninchindi mariyu valasala parimitula kosam kotta namuunaanu pratipaadinchindi. vaastavaaniki, vaari pratipaadita pranaalika ippatikee jaathi aadhaaramgaa vividha valasadaarulaku kotalanu erpaatu chesindi, idhi asea deshaala sabhyulaku takkuva minahaayimpugaa untundi. valasa vidhaanamlo palgonna thana samvatsaraallo, jenks valasa jaathi samasyapai charchalu jaripaaru mariyu samavesalu nirvahinchaaru.
dillingham immigration commission.
federal prabhutvaaniki jenks yokka atyanta prabhaavavantamaina mariyu shaashwata pani dillingham immigration commissionlo sabhyatvam nundi vachindi. commission pragatiseela manastatvam kaligi undhi, mariyu senator vilium dillingham netrutvamlo undhi, ayinappatikee ekkuva adhikaram henry kabot ladge mariyu geremia jenks vadda undhi. olasalanu parimitam cheyadaaniki congress aksharaasyata pareekshanu amalu cheyadamlo viphalamaina taruvaata commission samavesamaindi, mariyu valasala parimitipai vidhananni prabhaavitam cheyadaaniki vidya parisoedhananu nirvahinchadaaniki prayatninchindi. valasadaarula patla perugutunna pratikuula bhaavam nundi kooda commission erpadindi, endukante eee kaalamlo uslo janabha perugudalalo ekkuva bhaagam valasala phalitamgaa undhi, mariyu valasadaarulu dakshina mariyu thoorpu airopaloni deshaala nundi ekkuvagaa vastunnaaru. commission kosam ekkuva niyaamakaalu chesi, commission chepattina aneka parisoedhanaa prajectulaku naayakatvam vahinchinanduna jenks eee paniki keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru. athanu prapanchavyaaptamgaa vividha kaalaneelalo videshaalalo thana anubhavalanu vartimpajesaadu, endukante united states loki valasalapai aankshalu vidhinchadam samakhya prabhutva vidhi anie athanu ekkuvagaa bhaavinchaadu. commission kosam thana modati parisoedhanaa project kosam, mexican valasadaarula pattana raddeeni adhyayanam cheyadaaniki jenks shaan diagoku vellaaru. eee prayaanamloonae federal prabhutvam nundi etuvanti jokyam pondananduna, thana parisoedhanaloo puurti svayampratipattini pondagalanani jenks grahinchaadu. aaa taruvaata ayana pattana raddi, jeevana paristhitulu, vividha jaatula nundi valasa vacchina vaari vruttulapai aneka adhyayanalaku naayakatvam vahinchaadu.
american naitikatapai valasadaarula prabhavam gurinchi kooda jenks aandolana chendaadu mariyu eee prabhavanni parisoedhinchadaaniki, mukhyamgaa tella baanisatvam ledhaa maanava akrama ravana rangamlo, chaalaa mandhi mahilalanu niyaminchaadu. jenks mariyu immigration commission netrutvamloni eee adhyayanalu etuvanti bahiranga vichaaranalu nirvahinchananduna ledhaa yea saakshulanu cross examine cheyananduna parisoedhanaa paddhatulaku anugunamgaa levani gurtinchabadindi. janabha lekkala nivedikalu, kaarmika rashtra karyalayala adhyayanalu ledhaa itara agencylu vanti vaariki ippatike andubaatulo unna yea daetaanu kooda commission vaari swantha pratyaekamaina nirdhaaranalatoo munduku raavadaaniki upayoginchaledu. badulugaa, idhi vaari swantha pattikalu, vivaranalu mariyu teermaanaalanu roopondinchadaaniki jenks mariyu ladge panulapai ekkuvagaa aadhaarapadindi.
1911loe 41 valuemla nivedikato commission mugisindi, idhi valasala prastuta sthithini vivarinchindi, valasadaarula jaatula madhya vrutti, neeraalu mariyu aneka itara vishayaalalo thedaalanu vivarinchindi. eee adhyayanam chivariki konni valasadaarula jaatulanu itarulakanna ekkuva vaanchaneeyamainavigaa paerkonnadi, chivariki vaari vaanchaneeyata aadhaaramgaa ververu valasadaarulanu parimitam chese kotaa vyavasthaku pilupunicchindi. commission pratipaadita billunu 1911loe adhyakshudu vilium howard toft raddu chesinappatiki, 1924 jaateeya muulaala chattamtho sahaa raboye samvatsaraallo aneka valasa parimitulanu aamodinchadamlo commission parisoedhana keelaka paatra pooshinchindi. eee kaalamlo valasalapai raajakeeya charchalo sujanana bhasha aadhipatyam chelaayinchindani aame cheppinanduna, panditudu mae engay eee chattam yokka jaathi amsaalanu paerkonnaadu. dillingham commission vaaru adhyayanam chesina valasadaarulanu jaathi mariyu jaathi aadhaaramgaa vibhajinchindi, tadwara vaaru sujanana bhasha mariyu 1924 naati jaateeya muulaala chattam yokka bhavajaalaanni elaa poeshinchaaroo choopinchindi. immigration commission chesina eee panulannee united states loki olasalanu parimitam cheyadaaniki udaaharanagaa nilichayi, idhi samakhya prabhutvam yokka avasaramaina vidhi.
scout pramaanam mariyu scout chattam.
itara pramukha vidyaavaettalatoe kalisi jenks aadhvaryamlo oka commission, baay scouts off america kosam scout pramaana mariyu scout chattanni roopondinchindi. scouting vyavasthaapakudu robbert baden-pavel, 1va baaran baden-pavel suuchimchina asalaina vatiki pradhana thedaalu, scout pramaanaaniki adanamgaa "nannu saareerakamgaa balamgaa, maanasikamgaa melakuvagaa mariyu naitikamgaa suutigaa unchadaaniki" anae vakyanni jodinchadam mariyu scout chattaniki moodu adanapu paayintlu-"scout dhairyavanthudu", "scout parisubhramainavaadu" mariyu "scout gouravapradamainavadu".
1912loe baden-pavel thana asalu tommidi chattaniki padava chattamgaa "oka scout aalochana, maata mariyu paniloo parisubhramgaa untaadu" anie sweekarinchaadu.
pani chestundi.
"dhi immigration problem eah studdy off american immigration conditions und avasaraala.
jenks yokka atyanta prabhaavavantamaina prachuranalalo okati immigration commission kosam athani adde jett lock sahayamtho vraayabadindi. idhi samyukta raashtraala nagarikata pramaanaanni nirnayinchadam, valasala gurinchi anni vaastavaalanu bhadraparachadam, nagarikata pramaanaalapai valasadaarula prabhavanni kolavadam mariyu eee samasyalanu saricheyadaaniki amalu cheyadaaniki samyukta raashtraala prabhutvaaniki charyalanu soochinchadam vanti lakshyaalato samyukta raashtraala samaajamlooni valasadaarula vividha jaatulapai nirvahinchina oka parisoedhanaa adhyayanam. jenks mariyu lock samyukta rashtraalalo naera valasadaarulu, maanava akrama ravana mariyu valasa jeevana paristhitulapai parisoedhana adhyayanalanu nirvahistaaru. uttara pensylvanialo oka ganilo adhyayanam chesina taruvaata, valasadaarulu americanlandariki nagarikata pramaanaanni taggistunnarani, idhi vaari naitikatanu pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam chestundani vaaru nirdhaaranaku vacchaaru. vaaru vividha deshaala nundi valasa vacchina vaari aakramanalo vyatyaasampai kooda adhyayanalu nirvahinchaaru, mariyu vaaru kaarmika sanghaalapai pratikuula prabhavanni chuuputaarani nirdhaarinchaaru, endukante vaaru tarachugaa samme viramanadaarulugaa panicheestunnaaru.
itara jaatulu takkuvasthaayigaa unnaya?" anae sheershika gala vibhaagamlo, jenks valasadaarula takkuvasthaayi jaatula aalochananu prasnistaadu. ayana ilaa paerkonnaadu... jaathi pakshapaatam hrudayapuurvakamgaa khandinchavalasina vishayam anie manam nammutunna, nammakapoyina, eee bhavananu oka mukhyamaina raajakeeya vaastavamgaa manam gurtinchaali.jaathi vivaksha anedi vyaktigata samasya kaadani, raajakeeya samasya anie jenks nirdhaaranaku vastaadu. yuu. ess. aardhika sankshemaaniki yuddhaaniki mundu valasalu chaalaa peddavigaa undevani, kotta sahajatva chattam avasaramani eee pustakam teelchindi. jaathi pakshapaatampai jenks mariyu lock yokka drukpatham pustakam yokka vidhana soochanalalo sambandhitamgaa undhi, idhi vividha jaatula valasadaarulaku ververu kotalanu suuchimchimdi, endukante kondariki sikshana ivvadam mariyu american samaajamlo vileenam cheyadam sulabham. samakhya prabhutva chattam dwara valasala parimitini samarthinchina modati pustakaallo eee pustakam okati. idhi kooda mukhyamainadi endukante idhi "valasa samasya" anae padaanni roopondinchina modatidi, eee padabandham netikee united states prabhutvamlo upayoginchabadutondi.
sthaanikamgaa janminchina americanlaku valasalu pratikuula aardhika phalitaalanu istayani jenks mariyu lock vaadinchaaru. aneka mandhi aardhika charitrakaarulu 2019loe chesina adhyayanamlo jenks vaadinchina valasa parimitulu sthaanikamgaa janminchina americanlaku aardhika phalitaalanu meruguparachaledani kanugonnaru.
"" "jaatula nighantuvu". "
jenks mariyu athani mukhya sibbandi sahayakudu, maanava shaastravetta daniel jaanapada rachayita vistrutamaina "jaatula nighantuvu" paie sahakarinchaaru, idhi congressku commission nivedikalo mukhyamaina lakshanamgaa maarindi.
jenks mariyu jaanapada rachayitalu tama "jaatula nighantuvu" loe, "itara jaatula kante takkuva sthaayi jaatulu undakapovachhu" anie kanugonadam tama pradhana pani anie paerkonnaaru... itarulakanna kondaru american pourasatvaaniki baga saripoyara anie choopinchadaaniki."itara commission nivedikalato paatu" "nighantuvu" ", tadupari valasa charchalalo tarachugaa udaharinchabadindi".
empika chesina prachuranalu.
ayana raasina pustakaalalo ivi unnaih

