vendi binduvu

sylver point (aneka rakaala loha binduvulalo okati) anedi madhyayuga rachayitalu manuscripts meeda modata upayoginchina saampradaaya droying technic.
charitra.
vendi raad ledhaa vairnu uparitalampai lagadam dwara vendi binduvu droying tayaaru cheyabadutundi, tarachugaa geso ledhaa chainees white groundtho tayaaru chestaaru. praacheena kaalam nundi rachayitalu, hastakalaakaarulu mariyu kalaakaarulu upayoginche aneka rakaala lohapu binduvulalo sylver point okati. metal point stylini mruduvaina uparitalaalapai (mainapu ledhaa beradu) vraayadaaniki, parchmentpai teerpu ivvadaaniki mariyu under droying cheyadaaniki mariyu tayaaru chesina kaagitam mariyu panel maddatudaarulapai geeyadaaniki upayoginchaaru. droying prayojanaala kosam, seesam, tinn mariyu vendi anae mukhyamaina lohaalu upayoginchabaddaayi. eee lohala mrudutvam vaatini samarthavanthamaina droying parikaraluga chesindi. bangaaru panivaaru tama vivaranaatmaka, khachitamaina designlanu siddham cheyadaaniki lohapu binduvula draayinglanu kooda upayoginchaaru. albrecht durer tandri atuvanti hastakalaakaarulalo okaru, taruvaata thana chinna kodukuku lohapu binduvulo geeyadam neerpinchaaru, 1484 loe athani "13 samvatsaraala vayassulo sweeya-chitram" ippatikee oka kalakhandamga pariganinchabadutundi.
gothik chivari/prarambha punarujjeevana yugamlo, sylver point oka fine line droying technicga udbhavinchindi. seesam ledhaa tinn vale sulabhamgaa mandaginchaka, khachitamaina vivaraalanu andinchadam, florentine mariyu flemish varkshaaplalo sylver point mukhyamgaa anukuulamgaa undedi. eee yuganiki chendina vendi binduvula chitraalalo namuunaa pustakaalu mariyu chitraala kosam sannahaka patraalu unnaayi. sylver paayintlo panichesina kalakarulalo zaan vaan ike, leonardo daa vincy, albrecht durer mariyu rafale unnaaru. sennino sennini yokka "ill libro dell 'art" 14va sataabdam chivaralo vendi mariyu lead point droying abhyaasampai, alaage metal point maidaanaalanu siddham cheyadaaniki oka kitikeeni andistundi. susanne dorothea white yokka pustakam "dra like daa vincy" leonardo daa vincy yokka sylver point tekniknu vivaristundi.
frances ames-levis paerkonnatlugaa, 16va sataabdam chivarilo chitralekhana sailulu marai, phalitamgaa lohapu binduvu ksheeninchindi. 1500la praarambhamlo inglaandlooni borrodale, kumbriyaaloni seathwaite vadda graphite nikshaepaalanu kanugonadam mariyu swachchamaina, mruduvaina (mariyu cheripiveyagala) roopamlo kalaakaarulaku daani perugutunna labhyata sylver point grahanaanni vegavantam chesindi. kalaakaarulu graphite, erupu mariyu nalupu chaak baga saripoye marinta sangnaatmaka lakshanaalanu korukunnaru. sira mariyu wash draayinglu kooda eee kaalamlo prabalamgaa unnaayi. adanamgaa, eee itara droying paddhatulaku takkuva krushi avasaram mariyu vendi kante ekkuva kshaminchevi, ivi cheripiveyadaanni nirodhistaayi mariyu masakaga unde rekhanu vadilivestaayi. antekakunda, saadhaaranamgaa mettagaa naela emuka buudidatoe kuudina daachu jigurutho sylver point maddatu tayari sramatho kuudukunnadi. aadhunika abhyaasakulu jink, mundugaa tayaaru chesina acrylic aadhaarita maidaanaalu ledhaa titanium white tempera ledhaa palarayi dhoolini neelagaa upayogistaaru. sahaja chaaks mariyu boggu uncoated peparlapai takshana phalitaalanu utpatti chese prayojanaanni kaligi untaayi.
dutch kalaakaarulu hendrick goltzius mariyu rembrand 17va sataabdam varaku sylver point sampradaayaanni konasaaginchaaru, airopaloni itara praantaalalo idhi ksheeninchindi. rembrand tayaaru chesina vellampai aneka vendi binduvulanu tayaaru chesaadu, vaatilo atyanta prasiddhi chendinadi athani bhaarya saskia chitram, 1633. botanical kalaakaarulu mariyu vaastusilpulu daani khachitamaina rekhala kaaranamgaa loha binduvunu upayoginchadam konasaaginchaaru. edemaina, zeane-auguste-dominic injars vanti fine line droying sampradaayaanni konasaaginchina kalaakaarulu graphite vaipu moggu chuupaaru, idhi 17va sataabdam nundi airopa antataa naanhyata mariyu labhyatalo kramamga merugupadindi. sylver point aacharanaatmaka prayojanaala kosam 18va sataabdam natiki vaadukalo ledhu. ayithe european mariyu american kalaakaarulu mariyu academylalo samakaaleena kala punarujjeevanam undhi, endukante draayinglanu tolaginchalemu ledhaa marchalemu kabatti eee madhyamam draftsmanshiplo gananeeyamaina kramasikshananu vidhistundi.
punaruddharana.
joseph medder, alphons legros, prii-graphaelites mariyu joseph stella eee saanketikatanu punaruddharinchadaaniki sahayapaddaru. kalaa charitrakaarudu madhyavarti austria mariyu germanylo saampradaaya saanketikatapai aasaktini srushtinchagaa, kalakarudu mariyu upadhyaya legros inglandlo kooda adhe vidhamgaa chesaaru. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo, united states yokka thoorpu teeramlo eee paddhatiloo panichestunna koddimandi american kalakarulalo stella okaru. stella jink white gauche tayaaru chesina maidaanaalalo, tarachugaa crayon mariyu itara maadhyamaalatho eee saanketikatanu anveshinchaaru. stella yokka sylver point oyevrelo pradarsana marcel duchamp (moma, catherine ess. marinta bhayankaramaina veesa). paschima teeramlo 1890la chivaralo sylver point patla aasakti punaruddharinchinappudu paarislo ekol national suupariir dess bukes-artslo chaduvukunna mexican-american kalakarudu javier martinez, 1909 nundi 1930la chivari varaku california college off artslo eee saanketikatanu bodhinchaadu. martinage yokka sylver paayintlu yokka chivari pradarsana pradarsana shaan franciscoloni print roomlo jarigindi, ikkada vimarsakulu asaadhaaranamaina cheekati macchalu gala maidaanamlo athani "asaadhaaranamaina" mariyu "balamaina bhavishyat" action bommalanu "amalulo puraatanamainavi" gaa prasamsimchaaru... telivigaa, apramattamgaa undandi... konchem ekkuva maamsamto."
dhi fine line droying vith sylver inn america" anae oka pradarsananu pradarsananu norton museum off art kosam broose webber roopondinchaaru. roopondinchaaru, national gallery off art mariyu british museum "vendi mariyu bangaaramlo geeyadamh leonardo nundi jasper johns" nuu pradarsinchaayi.
lakshanaalu.
saampradaaya sylver point stylusnu chekka raadlo choppinche aabharanaala theega vanti chinna chakkati vendi raadtho tayaaru chestaaru. maroe design rendu chivarlalo paayintlatho kuudina vendi-kona gala lohapu shaililo untundi. eee rakaniki oka udaaharana rossier vaan derr weeden yokka "St" loe choopabadindi. looke kanyanu geestaadu, "ca. 1435-40 (boston museum off fine arts). samakaaleena shaililo, aabharanaala teeganu pinn vize ledhaa yaantrika pensillo choppinchavacchu.
vendi binduvu yokka prarambha gurtulu itara loha binduvula vale buudida rangulo kanipistaayi, conny vendi binduvu rekhalu, gaaliki gurainappudu, vecchani godhuma ranguku kalankam kaligistaayi. aakseekarana aneka nelala vyavadhilo grahinchadaginadigaa maarutundi. gaalilo kalushyam sthaayini batti aakseekarana vegam maarutuu untundi. chaaritraatmakamgaa, sylver point styley kuurpu swachchamaina vendi nundi raagi (20 saataaniki paiga baruvu) thoo bhaareega misramam varaku vistrutamgaa undedi.
madhya yugaalalo, prakaasavantamaina vraatapratulu ledhaa namuunaa pustakaala under droying kosam lohapu binduvunu neerugaa charmapatrampai upayoginchevaaru. uncoated parchment (mariyu kaagitam) paie, vendi binduvu viluvalo mukhyamgaa teelikagaa untundi. ayithe, 14va sataabdam nundi, sylver paayintnu siddhamgaa unna aadhaaraalapai marinta vijayavantamgaa upayoginchaaru. emuka buudida, chaak mariyu/ledhaa seesam tellati rangutho kundelu charma jiguru draavanamthoo saampradaaya ground tayaaru cheyavachu. samakaaleena maidaanaalalo acrylic geso, gauche mariyu vaanijyaparamgaa tayaaru chesina clay coat peparlu unnaayi. naela tayari yokka chinna dantam uparitalampai geeyabadinappudu konchem vendini teesukuntundi.
sylver point durer yokka vakrarekha khachitatvam nundi rembrand yokka sangnaatmaka rekhaachitraala varaku vistruta shreni sailulanu kaligi undhi. sylver point kooda aadhunika sailulaku anugunamgaa niroopinchabadindi. thamus wilmer dwing yokka 19va sataabdam chivarilo roopondinchina sylver point portraitlu, alaage 20va sataabdam madhyakaalamlo paula gerard yokka nairoopya rachanalu kooda tappanisarigaa swarabaddhamainavi. gerard yokka "vortex" (fairweather hardin gallery) anedi casine-puuthathoo kuudina parchmentpai sylver point, goldpoint mariyu water colour yokka vinootna kalayika.
paatha master sylver paayintlu saadhaaranamgaa scalelo sannihitamgaa untaayi, manuscript prakaasamloo saanketikata yokka muulaalanu gurtuchestayi. ayithe, aadhunika kalaakaarulu kooda eee fine line tekniknu pedda ettuna panula kosam upayoginchaaru. zaan wild yokka "dhi grate autobiographical sylver point droying" (art institute off chikago 1986.8), idhi atipedda aadhunika sylver paayintlalo okati.
20va sataabdapu kalaakaarulu itara loha binduvulatoe kalipi vendi binduvunu kooda upayoginchaaru. 1911 nundi 1917 varaku shaan francisco art institute director ayina pedro joseph dii lemos, chavakaina puuta kaagitamto pratispandinche vividha rakaala loha binduvula sulabhamaina kalpanapai thana prachurinchina suuchanalatoe california art schoolslo thana "paddhatulanu" prachuryam pondaaru. pondaaru (dhi art institute off chikago) thana "dhi laast off dhi old woodstock inn" loe, evon lae lorain albrite vaanijyaparamgaa tayaaru chesina veediyo media paperlo platinum, bangaaram, raagi mariyu braspointho kuudina vendini upayoginchaaru. samakaaleena kalaakaarulu eee puraatana droying technic yokka sarihaddulanu munduku teesukelladam konasagistunnaru. samakaaleena american sylver point kalakarudu karol prusa acrylic ardhagolaalapai graphite mariyu bindernu metal aaku, veediyo projection mariyu fiber optics thoo militam chestundi. susanne schwalb schwalb vendi mariyu raagi binduvulalo poga mariyu agnini kalipi, prastutam aneka lohaalu mariyu acrylic paintnu upayoginchi draayinglu mariyu paintingsnu srushtistunnaaru. gennine vantavaadu ekavarna chitraalato rangu yokka sparsalanu militam chestaadu, idhi presmacolour, water colour, plike paper, silk fabric mariyu silk threads vanti maadhyamaalanu upayogistundi. silicon carbide kaagitampai goldpointho sahaa prayogaatmaka metal point paddhatulanu "gilding dhi lillie" (2005) loe vale susanne dorothea white "dra like daa vincy" loe pradarsinchaaru. elizabeth whiteley computer aadhaarita chitraalato anusandhanam chestundi. aame oka paaradarsakamgaa tayaaruchesina neelatoe puuta puusina inkjet printlapai vendi shailitho geestundi.

