
voltaic kuppa

voltaic pail anedi oka circuitku nirantaram vidyut pravahanni andinchagala modati vidyut battery. dheenini italian rasayana shaastravetta alessandro volta kanugonnaru, athanu 1799loe thana prayogaalanu prachurinchaadu. daani aavishkarananu kappala kaallapai prayogaalu nirvahinchina volta mariyu volta thoti italian shaastravetta luigi galwani madhya jarigina vaadanaloo kanugonavacchu. voltaic kuppa taruvaata vilium nicholson mariyu anthony carlisil (1800) dwara neeru oxygen mariyu hydrogen loki vidyut kullipovadam (vidyudvislaeshanha) mariyu sodiyam (1807), potassium (1807), calcium (1808), boran (1808), barium (1808), strontium (1808), mariyu magnitium (1808) anae rasayana muulakaalanu humphrey davy dwara kanugonadam ledhaa verucheyadam vanti itara aavishkaranala vegavantamaina shreniki veelu kalpinchindi.
19va sataabdapu mottam vidyut parisrama voltaku sambandhinchina byaatareela dwara saktini pondindi.zii. 1870laloe dynamo (vidyut generator) raaka varaku daniel sell mariyu grove sell).
rendu lohaalu mariyu kappa kaalu yokka circuit kappa kaalu pratispandinchadaaniki elaa kaaranamavutundane daani gurinchi 1780laloe luigi galwani kanugonna daanipai volta yokka aavishkarana nirminchabadindi. rendu lohaalu mariyu uppuneeti naanabettina vastram ledhaa cardboard oka circuitlo amarchinapudu avi vidyut pravahanni utpatti chestayani volta 1794loe niroopinchindi. 1800loe, volta mottam vidyudayaskaanta saktini penchadaaniki uppuneeti loe naanabettina vastram ledhaa cardboardutho vaeru cheyabadina aneka jatala pratyaamnaaya raagi (ledhaa vendi) mariyu jink disclanu (electrodelu) perchukundi. eguva mariyu diguva parichayalu wire dwara anusandhaaninchabadinappudu, voltaic pail mariyu connecting wire dwara vidyut pravaham pravahistundi. voltaic kuppa, alessandro voltaku chendina aneka shaastreeya parikaraalatoe paatu, 1778 nundi 1819 varaku volta bodhinchina pavia vishwavidyaalayam yokka vishwavidyaalaya charitra museumlo bhadraparachabaddayi.
applications.
1800 marchi 20naa, alessandro volta thana parikaranni upayoginchi vidyut pravahanni utpatti chese saanketikatanu vivarinchadaaniki london raayal sosaiteeki lekha raasaadu. voltaic kuppa gurinchi telusukunna taruvaata, vilium nicholson mariyu anthony carlisle neeti vidyudvislaeshananu kanugonadaaniki dheenini upayoginchaaru. oke voltaic sell unna circuit dwara vidyut pravahanni nadipinche electromotive fores, rasayana praticharya valla sambhavistundani, rendu lohala madhya voltage vyatyaasam valla kaadani humphrey davy choopinchindi. rasayanalanu kullipovadaniki mariyu kotta rasayanalanu utpatti cheyadaaniki kooda ayana voltaic kuppanu upayoginchaaru. voltaic piles nundi vachhe vidyut gharshana dwara utpatti ayye vidyuttutoe samaanamaina prabhavalanu kaligi undani vilium hyde volaston choopinchaadu. 1802loe vesily petrov vidyut aark prabhaavaala aavishkarana mariyu parisoedhanaloo voltaic pailsnu upayoginchaadu.
pedda voltaic pailsnu abhivruddhi chesina modativaarilo humphrey davy mariyu andrew cross unnaaru. 1808loe carbon aark utsarganu pradarsinchadaaniki mariyu barium, calcium, boran, strontium mariyu magnitium anae aidu kotta muulakaalanu vaeru cheyadaaniki davy raaja samstha kosam tayaaru chesina 2000-jatha kuppanu upayoginchaadu.
electrochemistry.
rendu lohala madhya sparsha samayamlo vidyudayaskaanta shakti sambhavistundani volta viswasinchinanduna, volta yokka piles eee pageelo vivarinchina aadhunika design kante bhinnamaina designu kaligi unnaayi. athani piles paibhagamlo jinkto sambandham unna oka adanapu raagi disk mariyu diguvana raagini taakina oka adanapu jink disk unnaayi. volta yokka panini mariyu athani guruvu humprey davy yokka vidyudayaskaanta panini vistaristuu, maikhel ferade vidyuttutoe thana prayogaalalo ayaskaantaalu mariyu voltaic kuppa rendintinee upayoginchaadu. aaa samayamlo adhyayanam cheyabadutunna anni "vidyuttulu" (voltaic, ayaskanta, ushna mariyu jantuvu) okate anie ferade nammadu. eee siddhaantaanni niroopinchadaaniki ayana chesina krushi, muppai samvatsaraala kritam volta nirdesinchinappati prastuta shaastreeya nammakaalato pratyakshamgaa vibhedinche rendu electrochemistry niyamaalanu pratipaadinchadaaniki daariteesindi. eee adhyayana rangaanni ardham chesukovadaniki vaaru chesina krushi kaaranamgaa, ferade mariyu volta rendoo electrochemistry pitaamahaalalo okatigaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi. volta yokka panini vivarinchadaaniki paina upayoginchina "electrode" mariyu "electrolyte" anae padaalu forreday kaaranamgaa unnaayi.
vidyudayaskaanta shakti.
pail yokka balam daani electromotive fores ledhaa emf paramgaa voltlalo ivvabadutundi. alessandro volta yokka contact tension siddhaantam voltaic sell kaligi unna circuit dwara vidyut pravahanni nadipinche emf, rendu lohala madhya samparkam vadda sambhavistundani bhaavinchindi. volta thana prayogaalalo saadhaaranamgaa uppuneeru kaligina electrolytenu mukhyamainadigaa pariganinchaledu. ayithe, electrolyte looni neeru kuppa yokka rasayana praticharyalalo paalgontundani rasayana saastravettalu twaralone grahinchaaru, idhi raagi ledhaa vendi electrode nundi hydrogen vayuvu parinaamaaniki daariteesindi.
electrolyte dwara vaeru cheyabadina jink mariyu raagi electrodelatho kuudina kanam yokka aadhunika, anuvidyut avagahana eee krindi vidhamgaa undhi. kanam bahya circuit dwara vidyut pravahanni andistunnappudu, jink anode uparitalam vadda unna loha jink aakseekarana chendhi, electrolyte loki vidyut chaarj ayanlu (zn2 +) gaa karigipotundi, lohamlo 2 pratikuula chaarj electronlu () venuka vadilivestundihi
eee praticharyanu aakseekarana antaaru. jink electrolyteloki pravesistunnappudu, electrolyte nundi rendu saanukuula chaarj hydrogen ayanlu (hetch +) raagi cathode uparitalam vadda rendu electronlanu angeekaristaayi, taggutaayi mariyu chaarj cheyani hydrogen anuvunu (hetch2) yerparustaayih
eee praticharyanu taggimpu antaaru. raagi nundi hydrogen anuvulanu roopondinchadaaniki upayoginche electronlu jinkto anusandhaaninche bahya wire ledhaa circuit dwara tayaaravutaayi. taggimpu praticharya dwara raagi uparitalampai erpadina hydrogen anuvulu chivariki hydrogen vayuvuga marutayi.
prapancha vidyut-rasayana praticharyalo raagi kaathodku anugunamgaa unde electrochemical janta kyuu2 +/kyuu (aux/erupu) ventane undadani gamaninchavacchu. raagi lohapu disk sarkyuutlooni electronla ravana kosam ikkada "rasaayanikamgaa jada" goppa loha vahakamga matrame panichestundi mariyu rasaayanikamgaa jaleeya dasalo praticharyalo paalgonadu. raagi hydrogen-parinaama praticharyaku utprerakamgaa panichestundi, lekapothe bahya circuit dwara current pravaham lekunda jink electrode vadda neerugaa samanamga sambhavinchavachhu. raagi electrodenu vyavasthalo taginanta goppa/jada mariyu utprerakamgaa churukaina loha vaahaka (ag, piti, steinless steel, graphite,) dwara bharti cheyavachu...). prapancha pratispandananu eee krindi vidhamgaa vraayavachuhu
idhi electro-chemical chain sangnaamaanam dwara upayogakaramgaa saileekarinchabadindih
indulo pratisaaree niluvu patti oka interfacenu suuchistumdi. double vertical baar anedi porus cardboard disknu choppinche electrolyteku sambandhinchina interfacelanu suuchistumdi.
kuppa nundi current lenappudu, jink/electrolyte/raagi kaligina prati kanam uppuneeti electrolyte 0.76 vii utpatti chestundi. paillooni kanaala nundi vachhe voltagelu perugutaayi, kabatti paie rekhaachitramlooni aaru kanaalu 4.56 vii electromotive forsenu utpatti chestaayi.
podi piles.
tadi voltaic kuppa yokka vidyut muulaanni nirnayinche prayatnamlo, mariyu mukhyamgaa contact tension yokka volta yokka parikalpanaku maddatugaa 19va sataabdam prarambham mariyu 1830la madhya aneka adhika-voltage "dry piles" kanugonabaddayi. nijaaniki, volta swayamgaa oka kuppatho prayogaalu chesaadu, dheeni cardboard disclu endipoyaayi, bahusha anukokunda.
1802loe johann wilhelm ritter prachurinchina modatidi, idhi oka aspashtamaina patrikalo unnappatikee, taruvaati dasaabdamloo, idhi kotta aavishkaranagaa padepade prakatinchabadindi. podigaa unde kuppa yokka oka roopam zamboni kuppa. utpatti cheyabadina chaalaa chinna pravaahaala kaaranamgaa tuppu kanipinchakapoyinappatiki, metal-tuu-metal contact kante podi piles kooda rasayana praticharya dwara panicheestaayani grahinchina modativaarilo frances ronalds 1814loe okaru.
podi kuppanu aadhunika podi kanaaniki puurveekulugaa suuchimchavachchu.

