sms kaijar (1858)

sms "kaijar" anedi austrian naavikaadalam yokka 92-tupaki chekka ooda, eee rakamaina chivari nauka, mariyu austrianlu nirminchina ekaika screw-nadiche udaaharana. dheenini poolaalooni navika naukaadalam nirminchindi; dheenini 1855 maarchilo nirminchaaru, 1858 octoberulo praarambhinchabadindi, marusati samvatsaram puurtayimdi. eee ooda ooda jarigina rendava schleswig yuddhamlo paalgondi, conny uttara samudramlo aame moharinchinappudu etuvanti charya teesukoledu. "rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata edu vaaraala yuddhamlo kaijar charyanu chusindi, aaa samayamlo aame austrian 2 va division commander anton vaan petz yokka pradhana paatra pooshinchina lissa yuddhamlo paalgondi. "kaijar" ekakaalamlo aneka italian iron claudelanu nimagnam chesindi, okadaanni dheekotti-- marokadaanni debbateesindi-- tupaki kaalpulatoe. alaa cheyadam dwara, yuddhamlo inupa kapputho kuudina yuddhanaukanu nimagnam chesina ekaika chekka odagaa aame nilichindi.
nilichindi, austro-hangeriyanlu "kaijar" nuu iron claud casemate shipga punarnirminchaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru; eee pani 1873 varaku konasaagindi, budget korata kaaranamgaa gananeeyamgaa alasyam cheyabadindi, idhi british samsthala nundi kavacha phalakam konugolunu mandaginchindi. ayithe, eee samayaniki, casmet noukalanu turrent noukalu adhigaminchaayi, phalitamgaa, "kaijar" samvatsaraalu 1875-1902 reservelo gadiparu. ayinappatikee aame thana paniteerunu merugupariche prayatnaalalo 1870luu mariyu mariyu kramaanugatamgaa aadhuneekarinchabadindi. 1901-1902 loe, aame paeru belona gaa maarchabadindi mariyu polaalo barrox shipga upayoginchadaaniki aame aayudhalu mariyu enginelanu tolaginchaaru, eee paatranu aame modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo bharti chesindi. sangharshana mugisina taruvaata italii oodanu yuddha bahumatigaa swaadheenam chesukundi, conny aame antima vidhi teliyadu.
design.
1850la praarambhamlo, austria saamrajyam, oka dasaabdamloo chaalaa varaku italian dveepakalpaanni ekikrutam chesina sardinia yokka balopetam rajyaanni edurkondi-kotta aaviritoe nadiche yuddhanaukalatho daani naavikaadalaanni aadhuneekarinchadam praarambhinchindi. arch duke ferdinand maximilian eee karyakramanni paryaveekshinchaaru, idhi idhi britainlo erpaatu chesina screw frigate praarambhamaindi. rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata, ferdinand line yokka aaviri oodanu tadupari nirminchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu; athanu modata kotta oodanu british 91-gunn ship yokka kaapeega nirminchaalani uddesinchaadu, dheeni kosam raaja naavikaadalam austriaku andinchina pranaalikalu crimean yuddham samayamlo desham tatasthamgaa undataaniki badulugaa 1853-1856. yuddha samayamlo french ooda yokka adbhutamaina paniteeru austrianlanu french nauka yokka lakshanaalanu chaerchadaaniki "agamemnon" designu savarinchadaaniki prerepinchindi, indulo ekkuva parimaanam mariyu marinta saktivantamaina yantraalu unnaayi. konchem pedda design kaligina rendava nauka, "osterich" anie paeru pettabadindi mariyu 101 tupaakulato saayudhamaindi, praarambhinchabadindi aame padaveyabadataaniki mundu raddu cheyabadindi.
1850 mariyu 1856 madhya austrialo churukuga unna swedish navika injanir "kaijar" nuu roopondinchaaru. ooda yokka asalu lakshanaalaku sambandhinchina ganaamkaalu aspashtamgaa unnaayi. samakaaleena charitrakaarudu wilhelm vaan rusto prakaram, "kaijar" podavugaa undhi, sthaanabhramsham chendindi. conny aadhunika naavikaadala charitrakaarudu andrew lambert aame podavu konasagutondani paerkonnaadu. athanu oka punjam kooda andistaadu. aame sibbandilo sumaru 900 mandhi adhikarulu mariyu purushulu unnaaru, indulo naavikaadala padaatidala brundam kooda undhi. aame tombhai rendu tupaakula byaatareetho aayudhalu kaligi undhi, indulo padahaaru 60-poundla tupaakulu, debbai naalugu 30-poundla smooth borlu mariyu rendu 24-poundla breach loaderlu unnaayi. ooda rendu cylinderla kshitija samaantara aaviri yanthramtho saktini kaligi undhi, idhi vyaasamlo unna oke screw propellarnu naduputundi. iravai aaru fair baxlatho kuudina aaru boggu aadhaarita boilerla dwara aavirini andinchaaru. moudsley, suns und feeled tayaaru chesina engineku 800 naamamaatrapu harspower rating ivvabadindi. moodu maast ship rigg aaviri yantraaniki anubandhamgaa undhi.
seva charitra.
kaijar" yokka keel 1855 marchi 25naa poolaalooni navika naukaadalamloo veyabadindi; eee ooda 1858 aktobaru 4naa praarambhinchabadindi, praarambhinchabadindi austrian naavikaadalamloo cherchabadindi. aame aaa samvatsaram december 6naa samudra pareekshalanu praarambhinchindi, aame sonta saktitoe modati yaatra maggia nundi polaaku jarigindi. 1864 fibravarilo, denmarku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina rendava schleswig yuddhamlo austrian saamrajyam prashyaatho cherindi. "appati kepten wilhelm vaan tegethoff aadhvaryamlo screw frigatelu mariyu "radetzky" thoo kuudina chinna dalaanni balopetam cheyadaaniki vais admiral bernhard vaan wollerstarff-arbair aadhvaryamlo kotta saayudha yuddhanauka mariyu rendu chinna noukalathoo "kaijar" pampabadindi. rendu samuuhaalu denne holder, netherlandslo kalisina taruvaata, vaaru juun 27naa kuksavenku velli, moodu rojula taruvaata vacchaaru. ippudu sankhya kante ekkuva unna danish naukaadalam migilina yuddhamlo odarevulo undipoyindi mariyu austro-russian squadrantho yuddham korukoledu. badulugaa, austrian mariyu prashyan naavikaadala dalaalu paschima danish teeramlo unna dveepaalanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki kaaryakalaapaalaku maddatu icchaayi. pracharam samayamlo, "kaijar" kuu friedrich vaan paak naayakatvam vahinchaadu.
lissa yuddham.
juun juun, italii austro-russian yuddhamtho ekakaalamlo jarigina moodava italian swaatantrya yuddhamlo bhaagamgaa austriapy yuddham prakatinchindi. appatike rear admiralga padoonnati pondina mariyu mottam naukaadalaaniki command icchina tegethoff, italianlanu bayataku teese prayatnamlo juun 27naa austrian naukaadalaanni ankonaku teesukuvacchaadu, conny italian commander, admiral kaarlo pellion dii persano, tegethafnu nimagnam cheyadaaniki niraakarinchaaru. aaa samayamlo, baaran anton vaan petz aadhvaryamlo austrian naukaadalam yokka 2va vibhaagaaniki "kaijar" pradhana noukagaa panichesindi. juulai 16naa, persano pannendu inupa kappulatho, italian naukaadalaanni ankona nundi lissa dveepaaniki teesukuvellaadu, akkada vaaru 18va teedeena vacchaaru. vaaritho paatu, vaaru 3,000 mandhi sainikulatoe kuudina dalaala ravaanaanu teesukuvacchaaru. aaa taruvaata rendu rojulu dveepam yokka austrian rakshanapai bambu daadi chesi, balavantamgaa landing cheyadaaniki prayatninchinappatikii viphalamayyaadu. juulai 17 mariyu 19 madhya tegethoff kuu varusa telegrams vachayi, idhi italian daadi gurinchi ataniki teliyajesindi, idhi austrian naukaadalaanni poolaa mariyu venis looni daani pradhana sthaavaraala nundi dhooramgaa laagadaaniki oka avakaasamani athanu modatlo nammadu. ayithe, 19va thedhee udayam natiki, vaastavaaniki lissa italian lakshyam anie athanu oppinchaadu, anduvalla athanu daadi cheyadaaniki anumatini abhyardhinchaadu.
juulai 20 udayam tegethoff naukaadalam lissa nundi vachinappudu, persano naukaadalam maroka landing prayatnam kosam siddham cheyabadindi. taruvaati oodalu moodu samuhaluga vibhajinchabaddaayi, modati rendu matrame austrianlanu kalavadaniki samayaniki drushti pettagaligayi. tegethoff thana inupa kappulatho kuudina noukalanu cheelika aakaaramlo erpaatu chesaadu, 2va mariyu 3va vibhagala chekka yuddhanaukalu adhe nirmaanamloo venukabadi unnaayi. "kaijar" line madhyalo 2va vibhaagaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. athanu thana noukalanu erpaatu chestunnappudu, persano thana flagship nundi turrent shipku badilee cheyabaddaadu. idhi italian rekhalo antaraanni srushtinchindi, mariyu tegethoff italian naukaadalaanni vibhajinchi, gharshananu srushtinche avakaasaanni sadviniyogam chesukunnadu. athanu aaa antaram gundaa vellaadu, conny yea italian noukalanu nadapadamlo viphalamayyaadu, atanini tirigi maroka prayatnam cheyamani balavantam chesaadu. intalo, petz "kaijar" mariyu athani vibhaganni marinta dakshinaana teesukunnadu, eee charyalo cherani italian chekka noukalapai daadi cheyaalani aasinchaadu. badulugaa, italian ironclaud line venuka bhaagam tegethoff nundi petznu nirodhinchadaaniki maari "kaijar" paie daadi chesindi. petz thana vibhaganni italian ironclauds paie daadi cheyadaaniki tirigi nirdesinchi, "kaijar" thoo daadi chesaadu.
iron clauds, mariyu aametho broadsides vyaparam chestu "kaijar" chuttoo tirugutuu. aaa taruvaata jarigina gharshanalo, austrian mariyu italian noukalu padepade okadaanikokati dheekonadaaniki prayatninchaayi. persano "affondatore" kuu cherukuni "kaijar" nuu raam cheyadaaniki viphala prayatnam chesaadu, conny tappipoyi oka chuupu debba matrame kottadu. aaa taruvaata koddikaalaanike, austrian nirayudha noukalanu rakshinche prayatnamlo "kaijar" inupa kappunu dheekottindi. "ayithe, "kaijar" kooda oka chuupu debba kotti, takkuva nashtanni kaliginchindi. "rae dii portogallo" pratispandanagaa oodapai thana telikapati thupaakeelanu prayoginchindi, kaalpulu praarambhinchindi mariyu "kaijar" vimukti pondadaaniki mundhe aneka mandhi austrian gannarlanu champindi ledhaa gaayaparichindi. "affondatore" appudu "kaijar" nuu raam cheyadaaniki rendava, viphalamaina prayatnam chesindi. aame thana gorrenu miss ayinappatikee, "affondatore" thana thupaakeelalo okadaanitoe hitt chesi, "kaijar" nuu teevramgaa debbateesindi, aame sibbandilo iravai mandini champindi ledhaa gaayaparichindi. badulugaa, kaijar yokka gunnerlu tama tupaakulanu "affondatore" deck loki prayoginchaaru, daanini chedugaa daachi, kaalpulu jaripaaru, ayithe aame fighting tops loe unna raifilmenlu italian naavikulapai kaalpulu jaripaaru. adanamgaa, "kaijar" nundi vacchina oka shaat "affondatore" yokka turrentlalo okadaaniki taaki, migilina yuddhaaniki addamgaa undindi. "rii dii portogallo" thoo dheekonadamlo "kaijar" thana mundubhaagaanni mariyu garatunu kolpoyindi, mariyu petz thana debbatinna oodanu lissa naukaasrayamloo unchamani aadesinchaadu.
eee samayaniki, austrian iron klaadlu tama chekka noukalanu rakshinchadaaniki gharshana nundi vidipoyaaru; "rii dii 'italia" dheekoni munigipoyindi mariyu teerapraanta rakshana ooda teevramgaa kaalipotondi, tvaralo patrika paeludutoe naasanam cheyabadindi. persano vaarini anusarinchadaaniki "affondatore" thoo prayatninchaadu, conny athani itara ironclaudlalo okati matrame atanini anusarinchinappudu athanu aaa prayatnaanni viraminchukunnaadu. rii dii 'italia" mariyu "palestro" kolpoyina kaaranamgaa athani sibbandi teevramgaa nirutsaahapaddaaru, mariyu athani nowkalaloo mandugundu samagri mariyu boggu takkuvagaa unnaayi. italian naukaadalam upasamharinchukovadam praarambhinchindi, aaa taruvaata austrianlu; raatri padatam modalupettadamtho, pratyarthi naukaadalaalu puurtigaa vidipoyaayi, varusaga ankona mariyu polaaku vellaayi. yuddha samayamlo, "kaijar" sibbandi iravai naalugu mandhi maraninchaaru mariyu muppai edu mandhi gayapaddaru. "kaijar" yuddhamlo inupa kappulatho kuudina yuddhanaukalanu nimagnam chesina ekaika ooda.
marpidi mariyu taruvaata vrutti.
polaaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, tegethoff thana naukaadalaanni uttara adriaticlo unchaadu, akkada adhi italian daadiki vyatiraekamgaa gastee chesindi. italian noukalu ennadoo raaledu, augustu 12naa, rendu deshaalu carmonla yuddha viramana oppandampai santakam chesaayi; idhi poraataanni muginchi, vienna oppandaaniki daariteesindi. custoza yuddhamlo austria italeeni lissa vadda mariyu bhoomipai odinchinappatikii, konigraj yuddhamlo austrian sainyam russia chetilo nirnayaatmakamgaa odipoyindi. phalitamgaa, 1867 naati "ausgleach" loe austria-hangareegaa maarina austria, venis nagaranni italeeki appaginchavalasi vachindi. yuddham jarigina ventane, austrian naukaadalamloo ekkuva bhaagam upasamharinchabadi niraayudhulanu chesaaru.
kotta austro-hangerian saamrajyam yokka naavikaadalam deerghakaalika budget samasyalanu edurkondi; naukaadalaanni aadhuneekarinchadaaniki kotta noukalaku nidhulu pondadam tegethoff kuu chaalaa kashtam. kashtam, athanu kotta nirmaana karyakramanni praarambhinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu, conny prabhutvam kotta yuddhanaukala kosam budget cheyadaaniki niraakarinchindi. ayithe, "kaijar" nuu aadhuneekarinchadaaniki paarlamentulo nidhulu cherchabaddaayi. 1869 fibravari 2naa, "kaijar" nuu drydock loki teesukoni velli, aame pottu pariseelinchabadindi. ooda manchi sthithilo unnatlu kanugonabadindi, oodanu ironclad casemate odagaa punarnirminchaaru. neeti rekha krinda unna paatha kalapa palakanu bharti chesaaru, conny neeti rekha paina unna inumutho pottu puurtigaa punarnirminchabadindi. aame villu sthaanamlo marinta spashtamaina gorrenu unchaaru mariyu aameku kotta sturn kooda labhinchindi. idhi aame podavunu neeti rekhaku penchindi mariyu aame punjamnu neeti rekhaku penchindi. aame sthaanabhramsham periginaa, aame musaida adhe vidhamgaa undipoyindi. marinta saktini andinchadaaniki aame asalu baayilarlaku suuparheetarlu jodinchabaddaayi, mariyu aame enginelu nundi vegaanni utpatti cheyadaaniki rate cheyabaddaayi, ayithe sevalo aame nundi matrame cherukogalige saamarthyam kaligi undhi. samudramlo prayaaninchae vegamtho, aame aaviri cheyagaladu.
madhya, rendu antastula casemate loe armstrang tayaaru chesina padhi 23-poundla mukku-loading tupaakula byaatareetho oodanu tirigi aayudhalu chesaaru. veetiki aaru 8-poundla raifield moothi loaderla dviteeya battery maddatu ichindi. waterlinepy saayudha belt erpaatu cheyabadindi; yantraala sthalaalanu rakshinche kendra kotalo, belt mandamgaa undhi. ooda yokka iruvaipula, belt tagginchabadindi. inumu puuta mandamgaa undatam valla cossemate rakshinchabadindi. "kaijar" "kaijar" tirigi praarambhinchabadindi, conny marinta budget samasyalu, mukhyamgaa britton nundi konugolu chesina kavacha palaka mariyu inupa amarikala chellimpulu, marpidi puurti cheyadamlo alasyam chesaayi. chivaraku 1873 decemberulo pani puurtayimdi. aame december 21naa samudra pareekshalanu praarambhinchindi. eee samayaniki, ooda paatadigaa maarindi; adhe samvatsaram, italii rendu, "kaijar" kante rendu retlu pedda mariyu tupaakulanu mosukelle chaalaa saktivantamaina turrent noukalanu unchindi.
ayithe, ooda marinta kriyaaseela sevanu chudaledu. aame 1875 nundi udyogam chestune undhi, 1876 modati naalugu nelalu rendava reservelo gadipindi, taruvaata migilina samvatsaraaniki marammatulu mariyu maarpulu chesindi. eee kaalamlo, naukaadala injaneerlu ooda paniteerunu meruguparachadaaniki prayatninchaaru. prayatninchaaru, aame asalu screw sthaanamlo vyaasamlo unna pedda propeller nuu upayoginchaaru. december 7naa nirvahinchina vaega pareekshala samayamlo, ooda vegamlo mudi perugudala kante ekkuva cherukundi. aamenu ventane rendava rijarvku tirigi pampaaru. pampaaru, ooda thana riggingnu tagginchi, kotta baayilarlanu andukundi. aaru 24-caliber (calory) thoo kuudina kotta dviteeya battery.) breach-loading tupaakulu, rendu 15-kelareelu. tupaakulu, naalugu 33-kelareelu. 33-kelareelu twarita-kaalpula tupaakulu, moodu 47 mm hotskiss revolver firangulu mariyu naalugu meshin ganlanu erpaatu chesaaru. chesaaru, moodu torpedo gottalu jodinchabaddaayi, villuloo okati mariyu prati visaalamaina vaipu okati.
oka commission commission oodanu pariseelinchi, ooda "praarambhinchadaaniki taginadi kaadu" anie sifaarasu chesindi. chesindi "kaijar" nuu vikrayinchadaaniki prabhutvam venijulaatho charchalu praarambhinchindi, conny charcha aemee jaragaledu. jaragaledu, aame kriyaaseela yuddhanaukala jabita nundi tolaginchabadindi. tolaginchabadindi ooda niraayudhamaindi, marusati samvatsaram polaalo sainika sthaavaraala odagaa upayoginchadaaniki aame enginelanu tolaginchaaru. 1902 janavari 4naa naukaadala register nundi adhikarikamga tolaginchabadi, "belona" gaa paeru maarchabadindi mariyu hulks jaabitaalo cherchabadindi. aame modati prapancha yuddham samayamlo sainika sthaavaraala noukagaa panichesindi. 1910 nundi 1917 varaku rendava reserve sibbandini oodaloo unchaaru, unchaaru naukaadala sikshanaa paatasaala sibbandini kooda andulo chaerchaaru. yuddham taruvaata oodanu italii yuddha bahumatigaa swaadheenam chesukundi; aame antima vidhi teliyadu.

