
ooha

chattamlo, oka ooha anedi "oka nirdishta vaastavam yokka anumanam". rendu rakaala oohalu unnaih khandinchadagina oohalu mariyu tiruguleni (ledhaa nischayaatmaka) oohalu. khandinchadagina ooha utpatti bharanni (venukabadina paksham dheeniki viruddhamgaa kontha sakshyanni samarpinchaalsina avasaram) ledhaa rujuvu bharanni (venukabadina paksham ooha tappu anie chuupimchaalsina avasaram) maarchutundi; sankshiptamgaa, oka vaastava kanugonevadu itara saakshyaala aadhaaramgaa khandinchadagina oohanu tiraskarinchavacchu. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, oka nischayaatmaka/tiruguleni oohanu viruddhamaina vaastavaalu ledhaa saakshyaala dwara savaalu cheyalemu. konnisaarlu, oka ooha anedi oka anchanaa vaastavam dwara prerepinchabadaali-antey, ooha vartinche mundu vaastavaanni kanugonaali.
charitra.
puraatana yoodula chatta niyamaavali, talmud, oohalu ("hazaka") nundi tarkam, vaerae vidhamgaa nammadaniki kaaranam lekapothe nijamani bhaavinche pratipaadanalu, "saadhaaranamgaa vyavadhiki mundu runaanni chellinchadu" vanti vaatini kaligi undhi."
adhe bhavana puraatana roman chattamlo kanugonabadindi, udaaharanaku, oka bidda nijamgaa veelunaamaalo dabbunu vadilipettina vyakti samasya kaadaa anae sandeham unte, aaa anumanam biddaku anukuulamgaa untundi. madhyayuga roman mariyu connon chattam balam prakaram anchanaala shrenih kaanti, madhyastha ledhaa sambhaavya, mariyu himsaatmaka. eee shrenulu mariyu aneka vyaktigata oohalu padihedava sataabdamloo edward coque dwara aangla chattamloki teesukobaddaayi.
nirdishta anchanaalu.
chaalaa saadhaarana chattaparamaina adhikara paridhiloo aneka oohalu kanipistaayi. eee oohalaku udaaharanalu
nischayaatmaka (tiruguleni) ooha.
nischayaatmakamaina ooha, dheenini irrabattable presumption anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi aneka chattaparamaina vyavasthalalo upayoginche oka rakamaina ooha. aangla chattamlo, nischayaatmakamaina ooha anedi chattam yokka ooha, dheenini sakshyam dwara khandinchalemu mariyu dheeniki viruddhamgaa sakshyam emainappatiki kesugaa teesukoovaali. udaaharanaku, naera baadhyata vayassu kante takkuva vayassu unna pillavadu neeraaniki palpadalekapoyadani bhaavistaaru.
australia.
australian chattamlo, 10 samvatsaraala kante takkuva vayassu unna yea pillavaadini naera charyaku baadhyata vahinchalemani nischayaatmaka bhavana. naera charya yokka teevrata mariyu parinaamaalanu ardham chesukovadaniki vaariki taginanta abhivruddhi ledani angeekarinchadam dwara pillalanu rakshinchadaaniki eee bhavana undhi.
kenada.
balaheenamaina driving chattaniki iteevali savaranalu kireetam nischayaatmaka oohapai aadhaarapadataaniki anumatistaayi. saadhaaranamgaa, pooliisulu ravana (ledhaa samrakshana mariyu niyantrana) operation chesina 2 gantallopu breath elizer pareekshanu nirvahinchinappudu, vahanam yokka operation samayamlo raktamlo alkahal gaadata adhe vidhamgaa undani kortu angeekarinchavacchu. rendu gantala velupala pareeksha nirvahinchabadithe, mariyu raktamlo alkahal gaadata 20 mg alkahal/100 ml raktam kante ekkuvagaa unte, ippudu prati 30 nimishaalaku raktamlo alkahal gaadatanu 5 mg alkahal/100 ml raktam penchavacchu anae nischayaatmaka bhavana undhi.
ingland mariyu wales.
naera baadhyata vayassu kante takkuva vayassu unna pillavaadini athani ledhaa aame charyalaku chattabaddhamgaa baadhyata vahinchalemu, kabatti neerapuurita neeraaniki paalpadinanduku doshigaa nirdhaarinchabadadu. teerpulu, manasika parisoedhana phalitaalu mariyu kontavaraku praja ottidiki anugunamgaa sardubaatlu cheyabadatamtho vayassu nirantaram charchalo undhi. saadhaarana chattam prakaram vayassu edu, mariyu pillalu mariyu yuva vyaktula chattam 1933 dwara enimidi (section 50) kuu mariyu pillalu mariyu yuva vyaktula chattam 1963 dwara padhi varaku penchabadindi, idhi ippatikee undhi. atyaachaaram vishayamlo, prativaadi uddeshapoorvakamgaa firyaadudaaruni "charya yokka swabhaavam ledhaa uddesyam" gaa mosam chesinatlu kanugonabadithe, ledhaa "prativaadi uddeshapoorvakamgaa firyaadudaaruni" firyaadudaaruku vyaktigatamgaa telisina vyakti "gaa natinchadam dwara sammatinchadaaniki prerepinchinatlayite, adhi nischayamgaa prativaadi atyaachaaraaniki doshi anie bhaavinchavachchu mariyu tappaka doshigaa nirdhaarinchabadaali.