
nicolus miklouho-maclay

nichole nikolevich mikloho-maclay (1846-1888) cosac kuleena muulaalaku chendina russian saamraajya anveshakudu. athanu oka ethnologist, anthropologist mariyu biologist gaa panicheesaadu, athanu european nuu ennadoo chuudani kotta ginia yokka swadeshi prajala madhya sthirapadina mariyu adhyayanam chesina toli saastravettalalo okarigaa prasiddhi chendaadu.
mikloho-maclay thana jeevitamlo ekkuva bhaagam prayaanistuu, madhyaprachyam, australia, nyuu ginia, melanesia mariyu polynesialo shaastreeya parisoedhanalu nirvahinchaadu. australia athani dattata desham ayyindi mariyu sidney athani kutumbaaniki swasthalam ayindi.
athanu pantommidava sataabdapu australian sains loe pramukha vyakti ayyadu mariyu australian mariyu kotta ginia charitra yokka mukhyamaina samasyalalo palgonnadu. australian patrikalaku lekhalu vraastuu, mikloho-maclay australia, nyuu caledonia mariyu pasifiklo kaarmika mariyu baanisa vaanijyam ("block birding") kuu thana vyatiraekatanu, alaage nyuu ginealo british mariyu german valasa vistaranaku thana vyatiraekatanu vyaktam chesaaru. australialo unnappudu, athanu dakshina ardhagolamlo modati jeevasastra parisoedhanaa kendraanni nirminchaadu, nyuu south wales yokka linnion samaajaaniki ennikayyaadu, australian jeevasastra sanghaanni sthaapinchadamlo keelaka paatra poeshinchaadu, elite australian clublo unnadu, pramukha autsaahika shaastravetta mariyu raajakeeya vyakti surr vilium makile sannihitudu ayyadu mariyu nyuu south wales premiere kumarte margaret-emma robertsonnu vivaham chesukunnadu. ayana mugguru manumalu australia praja jeevitaaniki todpaddaaru.
charless darwin yokka toli anucharulalo okaraina mikloho-maclay, thana tulanaatmaka shareera nirmaana parisoedhana aadhaaramgaa, manavjati yokka vividha jaatulu vividha jaatulaku chendinavani prabalamgaa unna abhiprayanni khandinchina modati maanava saastravettalalo okaru, oka panditudigaa kooda eee roeju gurthunchukobaddaaru.
puurveekulu mariyu prarambha samvatsaraalu.
mikloho-maclay rashyaalooni novgorod governorate (prastutam novgorod oblast yokka okulovsky jilla) looni borovichi county (yuezd) looni taatkaalika kaarmikula shibiramlo janminchaadu, masco-esty nirmaanamloo panichestunna sivil injanir kumarudu. pietersburg railway. mikloho-maclay paakshikamgaa ukrain cosac santatiki chendinadi. athani ukrainian tandri, 1818loe, chernigov governorate looni starodablo janminchaadu, mariyu stepan maiklukha anae zaporogian cosac nundi vacchaadu, ataniki catherine II chetha saamraajyapu goppa birudu labhinchindi, indulo ochakov kotanu swaadheenam chesukovadam kooda undhi. vaastavaaniki, athani cosac vamsamlo japorigion atitheyudu okrim maiklukha yokka otamaan kooda unnadu, athanu taruvaata nikolay gogol yokka pradhana paatra taras balbaaku namuunaa ayyadu. athani taataamaamalu gogol kuu snehitulu. athani muulaala gurinchi mikloho-maclay ilaa vraasaadu
naa puurveekulu modata ukrain nundi vacchaaru, mariyu neeper yokka japorog-kosaklu. ukrain swaadheenam taruvaata, kutumbamlo okaraina stepan, general count rumianzaf aadhvaryamlo sotnik (oka unnata cosac adhikari) gaa panicheesaaru, mariyu otsakoff yokka turkish kotanu tuphaanu chesinappudu tananu taanu pratyekinchukunna catherine II aadesaala meraku oka goppa vyaktigaa chesaaru...
nichole tandri maikola maiklukha nijhin lysium (nijhin) nundi pattabhadrudayyaadu, aaa taruvaata athanu seyint pietersburg varaku nadichadu, akkada athanu roadway institute off injaneering corps loe cheraadu. athanu 1840loe institute nundi pattabhadrudayyaadu mariyu masco-seyint pietersburg railway nirmaanamloo panicheyadaaniki niyaminchabadina injanir ayyadu. seyint petersbergloni maskovsky prayaaneekula railway stationku modati adhipati ayina taruvaata, maiklukha thana kutumbaanni akkadiki marchadu. ayana 1857 december loe kshaya vyaadhitho maraninchaadu mariyu aayanaku bhaarya mariyu aiduguru pillalu unnaaru. thana maranaaniki mundu, taras shevchenkoku 150 rubillu pampinanduku maiklukhanu udyogam nundi tolaginchaaru.
nichole talli, ekaterina semenovna, nee bekkar, german mariyu polish santatiki chendinavaaru (aame mugguru sodarulu 1863 janavari tirugubaatulo palgonnaru). 1873 taruvaata, mikloho-maclay kutumbam polsia praantamlooni keev kuu vaayuvya disalo unna malin looni oka graameena estatenu konugolu chesi nivasinchindi.
nicholay sodarulalo okaraina sergei, maalinlo nyaayamuurti ayyadu, akkada athanu chivariki maraninchaadu. maroe sodarudu bhuuvignaana shaastravetta ayyadu. moodava sodarudu vladimir, russian theera rakshana ooda admiral ushakov yokka kepten mariyu sushima yuddhamlo palgonnadu, akkada athanu maraninchaadu. mikhail mariyu vladimir iddaroo russian viplava samstha narodnaya volyaalo sabhyulu.
nikolay 21 juulai 1846naa nicolos dhi vandar worker shegrinskaya charchilo poojaari eoin smirnov chetha baptism pondaadu. athani gaad father, 1812 naati deshabhakti yuddhamlo anubhavagnudaina mariyu borodino yuddhamlo palgonna borovichi bhuswamy.
vidya mariyu chaduvulu.
1858loe seyint petersbergloni seyint annah kircheloni german lutheran paatasaalalo moodava taragatilo nichole cheraadu. rendava seyint pietersburg vyaayaamasaala (1859-1863) loe thana sodarudu sergetho kalisi chaduvutunnappudu, vidyaarthi nirasanallo paalgonnanduku atanni arrestu chesi peater mariyu paal kotalo chaalaa rojulu unchaaru. nichole tandri snehitudaina russian rachayita alexey constantinovich tolstoy yuva vidyaarthulanu rakshinchaadu. 1863loe, vyaayaamasaalanu puurti cheyakunda, nicholay seyint loe uchita shrotagaa cheraadu. pietersburg vishwavidyaalayam conny fibravari 1864loe bahishkarinchabadataaniki mundu rendu nelalu matrame akkada gadipindi mariyu "niyamaalanu ullanghinchinanduku" imperial russialo trutheeya vidya nundi nishedhinchabadindi. adhe samvatsaram maarchilo, nakilee pasportto, athanu german vishwavidyaalayaalalo thana chaduvunu puurti cheyadaaniki vidaesaalaku vellaadu, idhi pramukha european saastravettalato adhyayanam cheyadaaniki mariyu panicheyadaaniki avakaasaanni kalpinchindi. athanu heidelberglo maanaveeya saastraalu, leepjiglo vaidyam mariyu zena vishwavidhyaalayamlo jantusaastraanni abhyasinchaadu, akkada athanu goppa german panditudu ernst hakel prabhaavaaniki gurayyadu, athanu thana bhavishyattupai teevra prabhavam chuupaadu.
mikloho-maclay yokka adbhutamaina vidyaarthi recordulu hakel drushtini aakarshinchayi, athanu 1866loe connery deevulaku kshetra yaatralo bhaagamgaa atanini thana sahayakudiga niyaminchaadu. akkada, mikloho-maclay sorachepalu mariyu spaanjlapai aasakti chuupi, kotta sponge jaatulanu kanugonnadu, dheeniki athanu "gwancha blanca" anie paeru pettadu, idhi connery deevula asalu berber nivaasulaina gwanchlaku nivaaligaa. athanu jeevasaastravetta anton dohranku sannihita snehitudu ayyadu, athanitho kalisi italeelooni messinalo thanatho kalisi unnappudu parisoedhanaa kendraala aalochananu grahinchadamlo sahayapaddadu.
australia.
mikloho-maclay aaviri korvetti "vityaj" paie australiaku seyint pietersburg nundi bayaludaeraadu. athanu 1878 juulai 18naa sidneaki cherukunnadu. akkadiki cherukunna konni rojula tarvaata, athanu linnion sosaiteeni sampradinchi, oka jantusastra kendraanni erpaatu cheyadaaniki mundukochaadu. 1878 septembarulo ayana pratipaadana aamodinchabadindi. merine biological station" anie piluvabade eee kendraanni pramukha sidney vaastusilpi zaan kirkpatrick nirminchaaru. grater sidneaki thoorpu vaipuna unna watsons baeloe unna eee soukaryam australialoni modati samudra jeevasastra parisoedhana samstha. athanu nyuu south wales premiere zaan robertson vitantuvu kumarte margaret-emmaanu vivaham chesukunnadu. athani nivaasam sidney shivaaru praantamaina birchgrovelo undhi, "wyoming" athanitho anubandham kaaranamgaa ippudu vaarasatva jaabitaalo undhi.
nyuu ginia mariyu pasifiklo maanavasaastra pani.
mikloho-maclay 1871 mariyu 1880 madhya rendu samvatsaraala paatu eshaanya kotta ginealo nivasinchaadu, akkada nundi athanu phillippeans, malae dveepakalpam mariyu australianu kooda aneka sandarbhaallo sandarsinchaadu. 1883loe ayana mallee kotta giniyaku tirigi vacchaaru. sthaanika tegala madhya nivasistuu, vaari jeevana vidhanam mariyu acharalapai ayana raasina samagra grandham taruvaati parisoedhakulaku amoolyamainadi.
maanavasaastra abhiprayalu.
1850luu mariyu 1860laloe shaastreeya mariyu maanavasaastra vargalalo maanava jaatula adhyayanam mariyu jaathi pratyaekatala vivaranhatho chaalaa charchalu jarigaayi. shamyul morton vanti kontamandi maanava saastravettalu unnaaru, vaaru anni maanava jaatulaku samaana viluva ledani, "tellajati prajalu" "rangu" jaatulanu paripaalinchadaaniki "sahaja empika" dwara mundugaa nirnayinchabaddaarani niroopinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru.
yuva mikloho-maclay upadhyayudu ernst hakel vanti kontamandi saastravettalu, saamskrutikamgaa "venukabadina" prajalu anie vaaru bhaavinche paapuvanlu, bushmen mariyu itarulu vanti vaarini europeanlu mariyu vaari janthu puurveekula madhya 'madhyavartitva sambandhaala' paatraku tagginchaaru. darwin yokka parinaama siddhaantaaniki kattubadi undagaa, mikloho-maclay eee bhavanala nundi vaidoligadu, mariyu eee prasnane athanu shaastreeya vaastavaalanu sekarinchadaaniki mariyu kotta giniyaaloni nallati charmam gala nivaasulanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki daariteesindi. thana tulanaatmaka shareera nirmaana parisoedhana aadhaaramgaa, manavjati yokka vividha jaatulu vividha jaatulaku chendinavani bahujanyu siddhaantaanni khandinchina modati maanava saastravettalalo mikloho-maclay okaru.
baanisatvaaniki vyatiraekata.
mikloho-maclay yokka maanavataavaadi abhiprayalu baanisa vaanijyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa mariyu block birdingku vyatiraekamgaa churukuga pracharam cheyadaaniki daariteesaayi-melanesia dveepaalu mariyu queensland, fiji, samova mariyu nyuu caledonialoni thotala madhya jarigindi. 1878 navambarulo dutch prabhutvam athani siphaarasula meraku ternet mariyu tidor vadda baanisala rakapokalanu tanikhi chestunnatlu ataniki teliyajesindi. 1879 nundi athanu australian patrikalaku aneka lekhalu raasaadu, mariyu eshaanya nyuu ginia yokka maclay teeramlo thana snehitula bhuu hakkulanu parirakshinchadampai, mariyu dakshina pasifiklo aayudhalu mariyu matthu padaarthaala rakapokalanu antam cheyadampai paschima pasiphik hicommissioner surr orther guardontho sambhaashinchaadu.
russialo anaaroogyam mariyu maranam.
1887loe athanu australia vidichi, seyint petersburgku tirigi vacchi, imperial russian geographical sosaiteeki thana panini samarpinchi, thana yuva kutumbaanni thanatho teesukellaaru. mikloho-maclay aarogyam bagoledu, sergei botkin nundi chikitsa pondinappatikee, mikloho-maclay seyint petersberglo 41 yella vayasulo gurtinchabadani medadu kanititoe maraninchaadu. athanu volkovo smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaadu mariyu athani purrenu seyint pietersburg military und medical akaadameeki vidichipettadu.
maranaanantaram.
mikloho-maclay vitantuvu vaari pillalatho kalisi sidneaki tirigi vachindi. 1917 varaku shaastravetta kutumbam imperial russian pension pondindi. eee dabbunu modata alegzander III, taruvaata nicolus II ketaayinchaaru. athani kumaarulalo okaraina alegzander, aarr yokka kumartenu vivaham chesukunnadu. ii. oo 'connor. ayana prayaana patrikalu 1923 varaku prachurinchabadaledu, mariyu ayana rachanala yokka ullekhana aidu-valuemla sekarana 1953loe prachurinchabadindi.
ghnaapakaartham.
antarjaateeyamgaa mariyu vignaana saastramlo.
kotta ginia chettu jaatula "planchonella macliana" shaastreeya paerutoe, arati jaatula "moosa maklai" loe, mariyu bhoomi natta jaatula "canephriula macleana" loe nicholay nikolevich mikloho-maclay ghnaapakaartham jarupukuntaaru, ivi athanu kanugonna konni jaatulu. rhinoscapha makleyi" anae veevilnu modata mikloho-makle sekarinchaaru, taruvaata athani snehitudu vilium makle athani paeru pettaru.
nichole nikkolevich mikloho-maclay paeru meeda pettabadina itara jaatulu "(kotta ginia nundi vacchina kandireega), mariyu" dysmicoccus makleyi "(kotta ginia nundi vacchina oka scale purugu)
1978loe kanugonabadina 3196 maclause grahasakalaaniki ayana gouravaartham paeru pettaru.
trever steel raasina esperanto chaaritraka navala "sed noor fragmento" loe maclause pradhana paatraku aadharam.
australia.
watson bay looni merine biological station nuu mikloho-maclay nirminchi, upayoginchaaru, dheenini 1899loe rakshana mantritva saakha adhikaarula kosam byaarak gaa niyaminchindi. 1980laloe mikloho-maclay society, mikloho-maclay shaastreeya krushi ghnaapakaartham eee kendraanni chaaritraka mylurayiga maarchadaaniki viphalamaina lobbying chesindi. nedu, sidney naukashraya samakhya trust yajamanyamlo unnappatikee, eee bhavananni private nivasamga upayogistaaru mariyu pratyeka sandarbhaallo matrame prajalaku terichi untundi.
mikloho-maclay society ayana gouravaartham sidneylo kontakaalam nivasinchina intiki dhooramgaa unna nattala bay (birchgrove) looni oka parkuku paeru pettadamlo vijayam saadhinchindi.
ayana 150va jayanti sandarbhamgaa sidney vishwavidhyaalayamloni makile museum mundu mikloho-maclay vigrahanni aavishkarinchaaru. prati samvatsaram sidney vishwavidyaalayam nundi "makile miklouho-maclay phelowship" andubaatulo undhi.
indonesia.
2011 marchi 3naa indoneshiyaaloni jakaartaalo mikloho-maclay smaaraka chihnanni aavishkarinchaaru.
papuva nyuu ginia.
maclay coast" anae padaanni appudappudu papuva nyuu ginia yokka eshaanya tiiraanni suuchimchadaaniki upayogistaaru. mikloho-maclay eee padaanni upayoginchadam praarambhinchaadu, idhi cape crossilles mariyu cape king vilium madhya 150 mailla varaku, mariyu 30-50 mailla lothattu manaa-boro-boro (finister parvataalu) parvataala varaku vistarinchi undani nirvachinchaadu. ayithe, eee paeru nedu upayogamlo ledhu. cape chroisilles nundi madang varaku teeramloni vibhaganni uttara teeramlo bhaagamgaa suuchistaaru, dheenilo madang austrolabe bay anie piluvabade bay, ayithe austrolabe bay nundi saidor varaku unna teeram raay teeram, idhi daani paerunu raay theera jillaaku istundi, idhi otarlu papuva nyuu ginia jaateeya paarlamentuku empeeni tirigi istaaru.
1870laloe anveshakudu basa chesina chotuku chaalaa dhooramlo laeni, papuva nyuu giniyaaloni madanglo oka veedhiki ayana paeru pettaru.
2000loe oleg alieve kotta ginealo oka smaaraka chihnanni nirminchaaru. 2013loe madang provinceloni bongu graamaaniki sameepamlo mikloho-maclay vaarasatvaanni jarupukovadaniki oka smaaraka chihnanni nirminchaaru, dheeniki "valeria, irma mariyu valentina sortin, cheef, surr peater barter mariyu madang resort nundi swachchanda sevakulu mariyu house tumbuna snehitulu" nidhulu samakuurchaaru.
russia.
russialo oka institute off ethnology und anthropology mariyu nairuti mascolo (russia prajala sneha vishwavidyaalayam unna chota) athani gouravaartham oka veedhi undhi. okulovka, novgorod oblastloni jilla museumku ayana paeru pettaru.
oka khabarov taragati nadhi prayaaneekula oodaku ayana paeru pettaru. khabarovsk vadda unna dheenini 1960luu mariyu 1990la madhya amur nadipai upayoginchaaru.
ukrain.
mikloho-maclay smaaraka chihnam ukreyinloni maalinlo nirminchabadindi, akkada athani kutumbaaniki desheeya estate undhi. crimean dveepakalpamloni sevastopol loe athani vigraham kooda undhi.

