aksharaala patent

letters patent () (ellappuduu bahuvachanamlo) anedi chakravarthy, adhyakshudu ledhaa itara deshadhinetha jaarii chesina prachurinchina vraatapuurvaka uttarvu roopamlo oka rakamaina chattaparamaina sadhanam, idhi saadhaaranamgaa oka vyakti ledhaa corporationku karyalayam, hakku, guttadhipatyam, sheershika ledhaa hodaanu manjuru chestundi. letters petentnu corporations ledhaa prabhutva karyalayala srushti kosam ledhaa nagara hodaanu ledhaa kotu off arms manjuru cheyadaaniki upayoginchavacchu. commonwealth raajyaala governorlu mariyu governorlu-general vanti kireetam yokka pratinidhula niyamakam kosam, alaage raayal kamishannu niyaminchadaaniki letters patent jaarii cheyabadataayi. united kingdamlo, raajyamlooni sahacharula srushti kosam kooda avi jaarii cheyabadataayi. 
oka nirdishta rakamaina aksharaala patent aadhunika medho sampatti petentga (united states patent chattamlo utility patent ledhaa design patent anie pilustaaru) aavishkarana ledhaa designlo pratyeka hakkulanu manjuru chesindi. eee sandarbhamlo, vraatapuurvaka manjuru oka praja patram roopamlo undatam chaalaa avasaram, tadwara itara aavishkartalu ullanghananu nivaarinchadaaniki (patent amalulo unnappudu) mariyu daanini aacharanaatmaka viniyogamloki elaa upayoginchaalo ardham chesukovadaniki (patent hakkulu gaduvu mugisina tarvaata) rendintinee sampradinchavacchu. pavitra roman saamrajyam, austrian saamrajyam mariyu austria-hangareelo, saamraajya patent kooda saadhaaranamgaa kattubadi unde chattaparamaina nibandhanala yokka atyunnata roopam, udhaa.zii. sahanam yokka patent, banisatva patent modalainavi.
aksharaala petentku vyatiraekam "aksharalu daggaragaa" (), ivi vyaktigata swabhaavam kaligi untaayi mariyu seelu cheyabadataayi, tadwara graheeta matrame vaati vishayalanu chadavagaladu. letters patent itara rakaala open leterlatho polchadaginadi, endukante vaati prekshakulu vistrutamgaa untaaru. chirunama graheeta sekaranaku mundu lekhala patent yokka vishayalu elaa vistrutamgaa prachurinchabaddaayi anedi spashtamgaa teliyadu, udaaharanaku raajapraasaadamloni sabhikulu oka nirdishta kaalamlo tanikhi kosam raaju mudrinchina tarvaata vaatini vadilivesara, vaaru saadhaarana sambhaashana mariyu saamaajika sambhogam dwara shearloni kuleenulaku vishayalanu tirigi vyaapti chestaaru. udaaharanaku, nedu, british pradhana mantri vaaru "house off commons librarylo" public domainloki pravesinchaalanukuntunna patraanni vadilivesinatlu prakatinchadam oka sampradaayam, ikkada daanini paarlamentu sabhyulandaruu swechchagaa chadavavacchu.
ardham.
aksharaala patent latin kriya nundi ilaa paeru pettabadindi, "terichi, bahirgatam, andubaatulo undatam. moolakarta mudra patram nundi "pendent" nuu jatachesindi, tadwara patraanni chadavadaaniki daanini vichchinnam cheyavalasina avasaram ledhu.
vaatini vaati latin paeru nundi "aksharalu" (bahuvachanam) anie pilustaaru, "madhyayuga mariyu taruvaata patraalu laatinlo vrayabadinappudu lekhakulache upayoginchabadindi. eee runa padam latin bhasha oke aksharam ("litera") kuu viruddhamgaa sandesaanni suuchimchadaaniki upayoginche saamuuhika bahuvachanam "aksharalu" ("litere") nuu samrakshistundi.
vadakam.
letters patent anedi bahiranga ledhaa bahiranga prakatana yokka oka roopam mariyu chakravarthy ledhaa adhyakshudu dwara adanapu parliamentary adhikaranni upayoginchadam. paarlamentu erpaatuku mundu, chakravarthy thana vyaktigata vraatapuurvaka aadesaalanu, bahirangamgaa ledhaa moosiveyadam dwara puurtigaa paalinchaadu.
anduvalla vaatini paarlamentu chattamtho viruddhamgaa cheppavacchu, idhi amalulo daani sabhyulatho kalisi chakravarthy aamodam kaligi unna paarlamentu vraatapuurvaka uttarvu. letters patent lopala etuvanti spashtamaina prabhutva aamodam undadu, chakravarthy mudra ledhaa santakam matrame untundi.
letters patent jaarii cheyadam dwara raaja pratyeka hakku yokka chaalaa irukaina vyayamam matrame paarlamentu nedu sahistundi, mariyu atuvanti patraalu mundastu anadhikaarika prabhutva aamodamto jaarii cheyabadataayi, ledhaa vaastavaaniki ippudu kevalam lanchanaprayamga atikinchina chakravarthy mudratho prabhutvam swayamgaa roopondinchabadataayi. vaati asalu roopamlo avi kevalam saarvabhoumaadhikaari nundi vraatapuurvaka suuchanalu ledhaa aadesaalu, vaari arder chattam, ivi vaati prabhavanni balopetam cheyadaaniki bahirangaparachabaddaayi.
suparipaalana kosam, saarvabhoumaadhikaari oka vyaktini adhikara hodaaku niyaminchinappatikii, adhe samayamlo aaa niyamakam yokka chellubaatu gurinchi evaripai adhikaram amalu cheyaalo vaariki teliyajeyakapothe adhi peddagaa upayogapadadu.
united kingdom nyaya mantritva saakha prakaram, 92 rakaala aksharaala patent unnaayi. patent rolls aangla (taruvaata united kingdom) raayal letters patent yokka karyalaya kaapeelatoo roopondinchabaddaayi, ivi 1201 nundi neti varaku dadapuga vichchinnam kaani shrenilo nadustaayi, vaatilo ekkuva bhaagam 1625 varaku prachurinchabaddaayi.
united kingdom mariyu commonwealth rajyalu.
united kingdom mariyu itara commonwealth rajyalalo, letters patent anedi oka vyaktiki (mariyu konnisaarlu corporations mariyu nagaralaku sambandhinchi) karyalayam, hakku, birudu ledhaa hodaanu manjuru chese raaja prakatanalu. lekhala patent anedi chakravarthy nundi oka amsaaniki bahiranga lekha roopamlo untundi, ayithe idhi chattaparamaina kalpana mariyu vaastavaaniki avi raaja pratyeka adhikaram krinda chesina raaja decree, mariyu saasana chattamgaa pariganinchabadataayi. letters petentku paarlamentu sammati avasaram ledhu.
united states.
united stateslo letters patent yokka praadhamika muulam medho sampatti petentlu mariyu bhoomi petentlu, ayithe letters patent vividha itara prayojanaala kosam jaarii cheyabadataayi. avi public recordulu mariyu vyaktigata dhruvapatraalugaa dvandvamgaa panicheestaayi.
united stateslo, adhyakshudu manjuru chesina lekhala petentnu nakilee cheyadam anedi jarimana, padeella varaku jailu siksha ledhaa rendintikee lobadi unde neram. letters patent lekunda, oka vyakti niyaminchabadina padavini chepattaleru. atuvanti samasya "marbury vii" nii prerepinchindi. madison daavaa, dheenilo vilium marbury mariyu maroe mugguru united states supreenkortulo petition daakhalu chesi, munupati paripaalanalo chesina niyaamakaala kosam tama lekhalanu andinchaalani james maadisannu aadesinchaalani koraru.
united states letters patent yokka roopam.
united states letters patent saadhaaranamgaa escatocol ledhaa adhikaarika mugimpu tappa, oka nirdishta roopaaniki saripodu

