
united stateslo petrolium suddhi

2013loe samyukta rashtraalalo petrolium suddhi rojuku 18.9 million byaarella suddhi chesina petrolium utpattulanu utpatti chesindi, idhi itara deshaala kante ekkuva. iteevala 2008 natiki suddhi chesina petrolium utpattula prapanchamlone atipedda nikara digumatidaarugaa america unnappatikee, 2010loe america nikara egumatidaarugaa maarindi, 2014loe atipedda egumatidaarugaa mariyu suddhi chesina petrolium yokka atipedda nikara egumatidaarugaa undhi. 2019 janavari natiki, uslo 135 suddhi karmagaralu panicheestunnaayi, ivi 30 rashtraalalo pampinhee cheyabaddaayi.
united stateslo atipedda petrolium suddhi companylu
united stateslo atipedda petrolium suddhi karmagaralu
charitra.
mottamodati us petrolium refiner pitsburgku chendina shamyul kiir, athanu 1850laloe mainarla deepaala kosam prakaasinchae noonenu utpatti chesaadu. 
american petrolium suddhi ekkuvagaa ayil shale suddhi nundi perigindi. 1859loe eee sarassu baavi utpatti prarambhamainappudu, chamuru shale parisrama vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutuu, ohiyo nadhi loya vembadi phirangi boggu nikshepaala sameepamlo suddhi karmagaralanu erpaatu chesindi. chamuru utpatti peragadamtho, chamuru shale suddhi karmagaralu tama suddhi prakriya petroliyamtho samanamga panichestundani, mariyu petrolium shale chamuru kante choukaina mudi padaartham anie kanugonnayi. 1861loe, prastuta chamuru shale suddhi karmagaralu petrolium feedastaakku marai, mariyu chamuru shale ganulu moosiveyabaddaayi.
1800laloe, pradhana suddhi chesina utpatti prakaasinchae chamuru kosam kirosin. atyanta bhaarii bhaganni saralata noonegaa upayoginchaaru. oodalu mariyu railroad locomotivela pedda enginelaku saktinivvadamlo boggu kante petrolium shreshtamainadani kanugonabadinanduna indhana chamuru kosam oka market abhivruddhi cheyabadindi.
1900la praarambhamlo automobile yokka prajaadarana gasoline kosam saamuuhika marketnu srushtinchindi, mariyu mudi chamuru yokka telikapati gasoline bhinnala korata tvaralo abhivruddhi chendindi. drava utpreraka pagullu kanipettadam dwara korata parishkarinchabadindi, idhi podavaina hydrocarbon golusulanu chinna anuvulugaa vichchinnam chesindi.
samyukta rashtraallo nirminchina sarikotta pedda suddhi karmagaram 1976loe louisianaloni gaarivillelo puurtayimdi. appati nundi, ippatike unna konni suddhi karmagaralu vistarinchinappatikii, kotta suddhi karmagarala nirmaanam paryaavarana niyantrana, anumati mariyu sthaanika raajakeeya vyatiraekataloe gananeeyamaina addamkulanu edurkondi. 2019 philadelphia energy solutions refinery paeludu vanti paarisraamika pramaadaalu refinery moosivetaku daariteesaayi, idhi refineryla vistarana dwara pondina konni laabhaalanu tippikottindi.
bhougolikam.
chaalaa pedda suddhi karmagaralu naukayana jalamaargaalaku sameepamlo unnaayi, mukhyamgaa odarevulu ledhaa goppa sarassula odarevulu. atipedda suddhi karmagaralu gulph teeram vembadi unnaayi. 30 rashtraallo suddhi karmagaralu unnappatikee, kevalam moodu rashtraalu matrame mana suddhi karmagaralalo aadhipatyam chelayistunnayi texas (47 operating suddhi karmagaralu), louisiana (19), mariyu california (18). 2015 janavari natiki, eee moodu rashtraallo mottam us refinerylalo 45 saatam mariyu us refining saamardhyamlo 59 saatam unnaayi.
utpattulu.
us refinerylalo moodu atipedda-parimaana utpattulu gasoline, indhana chamuru (deasle indhanam mariyu gruha taapana chamurutho sahaa) mariyu vimanayana indhanam, ivi kalisi utpattilo 84 saataaniki paiga unnaayi.
sulfur upa utpatti.
petrolium suddhi karmagaralu muulaka sulfurnu upa utpattigaa tirigi pondutaayi. 2012loe, yuu. ess. chamuru suddhi karmagaralu sumaru 915 million dollarla viluvaina 74 laksala metrik tannula sulfurnu tirigi pondaayi, idhi yuu. ess. loe utpatti ayye muulaka sulfurlo 88 saatam.
antarjaateeya vaanijyam.
dasabdaluga, 2008 varaku, united states suddhi chesina petrolium utpattula prapanchamlone atipedda nikara digumatidaarugaa undhi. conny 2008loe america chamuru, sahaja vayuvu mariyu sahaja vayuvu dravaala utpattilo pedda perugudala kaaranamgaa american suddhi karmagaralu marinta kharchutho pootii padatam valla paristhiti twaragaa maarindi. 2010loe america suddhi chesina petrolium nikara egumatidaarugaa maarindi, 2013 nundi prapanchamlone atipedda suddhi chesina petrolium nikara egumatidaarugaa undhi. 2014loe, us rojuku 38 laksala barrells egumati chesindi mariyu rojuku 13 laksala 50 laksala barrells suddhi chesina petrolium digumati chesukundi, dheeni nikara egumatulu rojuku 24 laksala 28 vaela barrells. 2017loe us suddhi chesina utpattula atipedda nikara digumatidaarulu avarohana kramamlo mexico, brazil, japan, chaina mariyu singapur.
us refinerla pootii prayojanam american mudi chamuru takkuva dharaku aapaadinchabadindi, idhi oklahoma aadhaarita suuchika dhara west texas intermediate, marinta khareedaina european aadhaarita suuchika dhara brent crude dwara pratibimbistumdi. 2008 nundi america chamuru, sahaja vayuvu mariyu sahaja vayuvu dravaala utpattilo goppa perugudala kaaranamgaa, aaa utpattulu prapanchavyaaptamgaa kante uttara america marketlo choukagaa unnaayi, idhi american refinerlaku pradhana vyaya prayojanaanni istundi. america mudi chamuru egumatulapai deerghakaalamgaa unna samakhya nishedham kaaranamgaa america mudi chamurupai taggimpu paakshikamgaa aapaadinchabadindi.
european union suddhi karmagaralu america egumatula perugudalato teevramgaa debbatinnaayi. vaaru tama munupati gasoline egumatulalo ekkuva bhaganni americaku kolpoyaru, alaage prapancha marketlo market vatanu kottagaa pootii padutunna america suddhi karmaagaaraalaku kooda kolpoyaru. adanamgaa, us refinerylu eurup kuu petrolium utpattulanu ekkuvagaa egumati chestunnayi. 2008loe, us gyaas ayil (gruha taapana indhanam) egumatulu eeyoolo 31 saatam market vaataaku perigayi, idhi munupati samvatsaram 5 saatamgaa undhi; 2011loe, us digumatulu eeyoolo gyaas ayil 37 saatam market vatanu kaligi unnaayi. prabhutva jokyam lekunda european union suddhi karmagaralu moosiveyaalsi vastundani charcha jarigindi.
paryaavarana prabhavam.
samyukta rashtraalalo gaali, neeru mariyu matti kaalushyaaniki suddhi karmagaralu baadhyata vahistunnaayi. konni maajee suddhi karmagaralu newjerseelooni keerneelooni diamond head ayil refinery superfund sait vanti superfund saitlu. paryaavarana chattalanu ullanghinchinanduku suddhi karmagaralu millionla dollarla settlementlu mariyu jarimaanaalu chellinchaayi. konni sthaavaraalalo vishapuurita udgaaraalanu tagginche vaagdaanaalu unnaayi.
pradhana suddhi karmagara mantalalo 1956 mckey suddhi karmagaram agnipramaadam, 1975 philadelphia gulph suddhi karmagaram agnipramaadam mariyu 2005 texas city suddhi karmagaram paeludu unnaayi.