
kshamaapanakarta katha

"geophrey chasser raasina "dhi corners tales" anedi "dhi conterbury tales" loe okati. kathala kramamlo, idhi vaidyudi katha taruvaata mariyu naukaadala kathaku mundu vastundi; vaidyudi niraasaparichae katha tarvaata sanukoolamgaa edainaa vinaalane atidheyudi korika dwara idhi prerepinchabadutundi. kshamaapana ichhe vyakti thana prastaavananu praarambhistaadu-prajalanu mosam chese thana paddhatulanu kluptamgaa vivaristaadu-aapai oka naitika kathanu cheppadaniki munduku saagataadu.
katha kooda oka vistruta udaaharana. mugguru yuvakulu champadaaniki bayaluderi, oka vruddhudini edurkontaaru, athanu sameepamloni chettu kinda atanni kanugontaanani chebutaadu. vaaru vachinappudu vaaru oka nidhini kanugoni, raatri varaku daanithone undaalani nirnayinchukuntaaru mariyu raatri musugulo teesukellaalani nirnayinchukuntaaru. duraasa kaaranamgaa vaaru okarinokaru champukuntaaru. katha mariyu prastaavana pradhanamgaa kshamaapana ichhevaadu thana "theem": "muula maloram est cupiditas" ("duraasa [anni] chedulaku muulam") anie cheppedaaniki sambandhinchinavi.
frame.
dhi canterbury tales" kramamlo, kshamaapanakarta yokka prastaavana mariyu kathaku mundu vaidyudi katha untundi. oka andamaina yuvatini apaharinchadaaniki "churl [takkuva thoti]" thoo kutra panina nyaayamuurti gurinchi vaidyudi katha oka baadhaakaramaina katha. aamepai atyaachaaraaniki anumatinchakundaa, aame tandri aame thala narikivestaadu. kshamaapana ichhe vyakti oka katha cheppamani ahvanam atidheyudu niraasaparichae kathapai thana asantruptini prakatinchi, prakatinchina taruvaata vastundih
host appudu kshamaapananu adige vyaktini "maaku soam myrth ledhaa japes [joke, gest] rait anon anie cheppandi". ayithe, yaatrikulu-asabhya kathalu cheppinanduku kshamaapanalu ichhe vaari apakeerti gurinchi mariyu abhyantarakaramainadi edainaa vinaalani eduruchustuu-vaari korikanu vyaktam chestaaru, conny badulugaa naitika kathanu korukuntaru.
saaraamsam.
prastaavana.
prastaavana anedi baath yokka prastaavana yokka bhaarya maadirigaane saahitya oppukolu roopaanni teesukuntundi. ayithe, thana duraachaaraalaku kshamaapana cheppadaniki badulu, kshamaapana ichhevaadu thana baadhitulanu mosam chesinatlu pragalbhalu palukutunnadu, vaari patla tanaku tiraskaaram tappa marokati ledhu. thana "theem"-oka upanyaasam kosam baibil vachanam-("duraasa [anni] chedulaku muulam", 1 timoti 6.10) anie ayana chepparu. thana tappudu aadharalalo unnata sthaayi charchi adhikaarula nundi adhikaarika lekhalu mariyu konni latin padaala uparitala upayogam unnayani athanu vivaristaadu; appudu athanu konni "avasheshaalanu" utpatti chestaadu, mariyu vaatilo oka baavilo munchinappudu adbhuta saktulanu kaligi unna emuka undani, daani kosam oka chinna mattini kottedi anie paerkontaaduh
conny "bhayankaramaina dustulu kaligi unna" yea vyakti ayina eee avasheshaala nundi prayojanam pondalerani ayana heccharistaadu. eee upayala dwara taanu samvatsaraaniki vanda maarkula gananeeyamaina mottaanni sampaadinchaanani kshamaapana ichhevaaru yaatrikulaku chebutaaru. athanu matapeetam vadda matadhikariga elaa nilabadatado, duraasaku vyatiraekamgaa bodhistaadu conny samajam yokka dabbunu pondadaaniki bodhistaadu; athanu papanni sarididdadam ledhaa vaari aatmala gurinchi pattinchukodu. atanni ledhaa itara kshamaapanalu ichhevaarini kinchapariche evarikainaa vyatiraekamgaa, athanu "naa naalukatoe stutigeetaanni aapivestaadu". athanu thaane duraasaku palpadinappatiki, thana itivruttam ellappuduu "radics maloram" anie punarudghaatistaadu..."itarulu aaa dushtatvaaniki dhooramgaa undi paschaattaapapadelaa ayana bodhinchagaladu-ayinappatikee ayana" "pradhana korika" "vyaktigata labham kosam untundi". kshamaapana ichhevaadu appudu "neechamaina [agnaanulu, teliyani] prajalaku" aneka kathalanu andistunnadani vivaristaadu.sudeergha anubhavam nundi athanu chettha paapulu evaro (vaari naera vyakteekaranala kaaranamgaa) mariyu athani nakilee avasheshaalanu konugolu cheyadaaniki atyanta aasaktigaa unnavaaru evaro cheppagaladu. athanu bodhistunnappudu pedarikamlo jeevinchaalane aalochananu tiraskaristaadu; athanu "dabbu, unni [unni], cheej mariyu wheat" korukuntadu mariyu adhi graamamlooni atyanta paedha vitantuvu nundi vachinda, aame pillalu karuvu kosam aakalitho unnara anie kooda pattinchukodu. ayinappatikee, athanu yaatrikulaku muginchaadu, athanu "puurti durmargudu" ayinappatikee, athanu oka naitika kathanu cheppagaladu mariyu munduku sagagaladu.
katha.
eee katha anischita samayamlo flanders loe sett cheyabadindi, mariyu mugguru yuvakulu taagadam, joodam adatam mariyu oka sarassulo daivaduushanha cheyadam thoo praarambhamavutundi. kshamaapana ichhevaaru kathanu konasaginche mundu kraistava grandhaala maddatutoe eee "bhojanasala papalalo" pratidaanni-paeta, madyapaanam, joodam mariyu pramaanam-khandistaaru. allarlaku paalpadevaaru khananam cheyabadutundani sanketam ichhe ganta vintaaru; vaari snehitudu maranam anie piluvabade "priyvi teef" chetha champabaddadu, athanu veyyi mandini kooda champadu. aaa purushulu vaaripai prateekaaram teerchukoovadaaniki mariyu maranaanni champadaaniki bayaludaeraaru. vaaru krooramgaa adige oka vruddhudu, tananu teesukellamani maranaanni adigaadani, conny viphalamayyaadani vaariki chebutaadu. appudu vaaru ook chettu adugubhaagamlo maranaanni kanugonagalarani ayana chepparu. purushulu chettu vaddaku vachinappudu, vaaru bangaaru naanhela pedda nilvanu kanugoni, maranaanni champadaaniki vaari anveshana gurinchi marchipotaru. vaaru ratriputa ook chettu vadda nidrinchaalani nirnayinchukuntaaru, tadwara vaaru udayam naanheelanu teesukovachhu. mugguru vyaktulu tamalo evaru wine mariyu aaharam teesukuraavaalo chuudataaniki gaddini geestaaru, migilina iddaru chettu kinda vechi untaaru. mugguru vyaktulalo chinnavadu athi chinna gaddini teesi vellipotaadu; athanu dhooramgaa unnappudu, migilina iddaru atanini oodinchi, athanu tirigi vachinappudu podichiveyadaaniki kutra chestaaru. ayithe, pattanaaniki vellae vyakti migilina iddarini champadaaniki kutra pannadu athanu eluka vishanni konugolu chesi wine teestaadu. athanu aaharam mariyu paaneeyamtho tirigi vachinappudu, migilina iddaru atanni champi, aapai vishapuurita wine tintaaru, nemmadigaa mariyu baadhaakaramaina maranaalu sambhavistaayi.
thana kathanu puurti chesina taruvaata, kshamaapana ichhevaadu-prastaavana samayamlo thana vyakhyalanu marchipotaadu-yaatrikulu vaari paapaalaku kshamaapanalu pondadaaniki bangaaram mariyu vendi kosam [prekshakulaku] vignapti chese alavaatu padipotadu. thana avasheshaalanu muddu pettukovadam kante kshamaapana ichhevaari vrushanhaalanu twaragaa vadulukuntaadani atitheyudu pratispandistaadu. eee samayamlo gurram jokyam chesukuni shanti nelakolpamani vaarini korutundi.
muulaalu mariyu kuurpu.
saahitya oppukolu roopamlo unde eee prastaavana bahusha madhyayuga french padyam "roman dii laa roez" looni "fouse semblount" aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi. mugguru allarla katha "asaadhaaranamaina vistruta shreni" thoo kuudina jaanapada katha yokka oka samskarana, mariyu aneka saaruupyatalanu kaligi undih puraatana bouddha, pertian mariyu african. sindaaku chendina dhanavanthudaina vyapari mariyu okarikokaru visham ichhe iddaru mosagaalla gurinchi 1001 raatrulalo 152 raatri nundi pavuram katha kooda eee kathatho chaalaa pooli untundi.
vislaeshanha.
kshamaapana cheppevaari katha" loe vyaakhyaatalu mariyu kathala madhya sambandham spashtamgaa mukhyamainadi. kshamaapana anedi oka rahasyamaina paatra, idhi saadhaarana prastaavanaloo vintagaa chithreekarinchabadindi. ataniki thana paapam gurinchi telusanipistundi-thana katha praarambhamayye mundu thana paapam gurinchi yaatrikulaku enduku chebutunnado spashtamgaa teliyadu. ayana bodhana sarainadi mariyu ayana paddhatula yokka phalitaalu, avi avineeti ayinappatikee, manchivi. kshamaapana ichhevaari oppukolu snaanaaniki vellina bhaarya oppukolu maadirigaane untaayi, indulo prastaavanaloo daachina vivaraala velladi untundi.
dhi canterbury tales" kuu saadhaarana prastaavanaloo unna paatra yokka chittaruvulo kshamaapana ichhe vyaktini adbhutamaina vaktagaa chasser varninchaadu, idhi sahajamgaa ataniki aapaadinchabadina kathanam yokka naanhyatanu pratibimbistumdi.
allarla mundu haajaraina vruddhudu gananeeyamaina charchaneeyaamsamgaa unnadu. chaalaa mandhi prajalu mariyu panditulu aayananu "vyaktigatamgaa maranam", "tirugutunna yoodudu", "vruddhaapyam" mariyu "maranam yokka dhootha" gaa paerkontaaru. doubleu. zhe. bii. athanu maranaanni korutunnadu; mariyu maranam ledhaa athani agent maranaanni kanugonaali anedi anni roopaka tarkaalaku viruddhamgaa untundi" anie oven etthi chuupaaru."oven oka paatra kevalam oka vruddhudu anie, maranaaniki chihnam kaadani vaadinchaaru.
kshamaapana cheppe katha" looni vruddhudu tarachugaa naatakaaniki elanti padaardhaanni andinchani vyaktigaa vraayabadataadu. edemaina, vimarsakudu alfred david atuvanti vaadanalanu khandistu, "kshamaapanakarta katha" looni vruddhudu nissandehamaina maranam kante ekkuva chihnamgaa unde avakaasam undani nokkichepparu, "vruddhudi gurtimpu maranam ledhaa maranam yokka dhootha vanti saralamaina, nissandehamaina mariyu khachitamaina samadhaanaanni angeekarinchadu". yesu kreestu rendava raaka varaku bhoomipai tirugutuu unde maranaaniki chihnamgaa nirvachinchinatlugaa vruddhudu vaastavaaniki "tirugutunna yoodudini" suuchimchavachchani david nokkichepparu. eee bhavananu shamyul taylor colridge rachinchina "puraatana navikudi chuttu" looni vruddhudi chihnam mariyu paathratho polchavachhu. 
"kshamaapana ichhevaari katha" saahitya prapanchamlo unnavaarilo vistrutamgaa charchaneeyaamsamgaa undhi. katha raayadamlo chasser prerana, alaage daanilo chesina sambhaavya saamaajika vyaakhyalu anae prasna vivaadaaniki daariteesaayi. gregori doubleu. aadhunika bhasha adhyayanaalalo" sthuulamgaa, kshamaapana ichhevaadu katha chivarilo atidheyudi mandalimputoe bahirangamgaa siggupadutunnadani nirdhaarinchaadu. eee samayamlo paniloo minahaayimpu yokka "under tone" undhi, idhi bahusha, kshamaapana ichhevaari laingikata mariyu chetilo unna saamaajika sarihaddula prasnaku daariteestundi. thana vaadananu punarudghaatinchadaaniki, itara yaatrikula tarapuna apahasyam mariyu "navvu" nii sthuulamgaa etthi chooputundi. bahusha chhaasar kshamaapana ichhevaarini "karunagala kannu" thoo chuustunnaaru, endukante katha chivarilo atidheyudu oka muddunu andistaadu. sthuulamgaa, idhi gadilo udriktatanu tagginchadaaniki kavi yokka maargam kaavacchu, tadwara kavi tarapuna kshamaapana ichhevaari ibbandi patla "karuna" kii sanketam. antimamgaa, aadhunika kaalamlo saahitya bodhana kshanamgaa upayogapade thana kaalaaniki chaalaa mundugaane chasser oka saamaajika prakatana cheyadam aamodayogyamainadi.
tadupari vislaeshanhaloo, kshamaapana ichhe vyakti yokka paatra yokka manasika namuunaalanu paatakulu mariyu vimarsakulu tarachugaa vislaeshistaaru. 1961loe, vimarsakudu eric doubleu. paatra yokka manastatvasaastram aadhaarita parisoedhananu stackton nirvachinchaaru, "kshamaapana ichhevaari manastatvasaastram bahusha kathala ardhaanni ardham chesukune paniki aatamkam kaliginchindi. idhi nijamgaa manastatva shaastra yugam."stackton paerkonnatlugaa, eee paatra ekkuvagaa atigaa vislaeshimchabadimdi, mukhyamgaa 1960luu mariyu 1970laloe manasika vislaeshanhaloo sataabdam madhyalo purogati madhya.
vyaakhyaata yokka paatra.
chasser eee bhaganni vraasina samayamlo mataparamaina vaataavaranam puurva-samskarana. anduvalla, seyint vivarinchinatlugaa matakarmalu ippatikee ekkuvagaa pariganinchabaddaayi. augustin, "antargata mariyu adrushya daya yokka bahya mariyu kanipinche sankethaalu". bahya roopaalu antargata paatraku nammadagina suuchikalu anae suuchana samakaaleena prekshakulalo samuulamgaa ledhaa sarikaadani pariganinchabadaledu. nijaaniki, kshamaapana ichhevaari juttu yokka spashtamaina chitrana, aaa taalaalu "mainapu laaga pasupu rangulo untaayi conny vangadam laaga sunnitamgaa untaayi", athani naitika swabhaavam gurinchi paatakudi abhiprayanni meruguparachadaaniki peddagaa upayogapadavu.
paatakudiki teevramaina laingika mariyu aadhyaatmika pedarikam unna vyakti yokka avagahananu andinche soochinche saaruupyatalanu upayoginchi "kshamaapanakarta katha" antataa kshamaapanakarta gurinchi thana vivarana mariyu vislaeshanhanu chasser abhivruddhi chestaadu, athanu thana adhikaranni durviniyogam chestunnadani mariyu nakilee avasheshaalanu vikrayistunnadani ishtapuurvakamgaa angeekaristaadu. "kshamaapana ichhevaari katha" kshamaapana ichhevaari asambaddha swabhaavaaniki aneka vidhaluga saripolutundi. eugene wans chasser yokka laingika vyangyaalu samarthavantamgaa pempondinchina oka samaantaraanni vivaristundi. ayana ilaa vraasaaru "yaatrikulanu kshaminchevaaru piliche mokarilli unde bhangima, vaari mukkulanu athani lopabhooyishtamaina cratch mundu unchutundi."
adanamgaa, eee polikapai wans vistaristundi, kshamaapana ichhevaari aneka avasheshaalalo antarleenamgaa unna laingika duruddesaanni gurtistundi. "kshamaapana ichhevaadu inglandlo marevarikee saatileni avasheshaalatho kuudina kadile punyakshetramgaa tananu taanu sthaapinchukoevadaaniki kutra pannadu."ayinappatikee, avasheshaalannii nakileevi, ivi kshamaapana ichhevaari napumsakatvam mariyu athani aadhyaatmika viluva rendinti suuchananu srushtistaayi.
saadhaarana itivruttaalu.
kshamaapana ichhevaadu duraasaku vyatiraekamgaa bodhinchinappatiki, aaa paatra yokka vyangyam kshamaapana ichhevaari kapata charyalapai aadharapadi untundi. athanu paedalanu dopidi cheyadam, bhogaalu jebulo pettukovadam mariyu asuya mariyu duraasaku vyatiraekamgaa bodhanalaku kattubadi undatamlo vaiphalyaanni angeekaristaadu. taanu atyanta nerasthulaina paapulanu thana nakilee avasheshaalanu konugolu cheyadaaniki mosagistanani, taanu mosam chesina vaari aatmalaku emi jarugutundo nijamgaa pattinchukovadam ledani kooda athanu chaalaa bahirangamgaa angeekaristaadu.
kshamaapana ichhevaadu thana panini elaa nirvahistaadane vishayamlo kooda mosapuritudu. nijamaina avasheshaalanu vikrayinche badulu, ayana mosukelle emukalu pandulaku chendinavi, veedina sadhuvulaku chendinavi kaavu. athanu mosukelle siluva viluvaina raallatho nindi unnatlu kanipistundi, avi vaastavaaniki saadhaarana lohapu mukkalu. eee vyangyam mataparamaina labham patla choserku unna ayishtataku suuchana kaavacchu-idhi mataguruvula vyatirekatapai aadhaarapadina madhyayugapu chivari amsam. vyangyamu vanti suukshma saahitya paddhatulanu choser upayoginchadam eee sandesaanni teliyajestunnatlu anipistundi.
edemaina, kshamaapana ichhe vyaktini archakatvam yokka apostolic adhikaram yokka balopetamgaa kooda chudavachu, idhi catholic charchi prakaram, aaa adhikaram kaligina vyakti martya paapa sthithilo unnappudu kooda puurtigaa panichestundi, eee sandarbhamlo avineetiparudaina kshamaapana ichhevaadu naitikamgaa chekkuchedarani kathanu elaa cheppagaladu mariyu itarulanu thana adhe paapam nundi elaa tippagaladu anae daani dwara maddatu istundi. madhyayugapu chivari bhaagamlo prabhaavavantamaina vedanti ayina thamus aquinas, manchi lakshyalanu saadhinchadaaniki devudu dushta vyaktulu mariyu panula dwara elaa pani cheyagaladu anae daani gurinchi oka tatvaanni kaligi unnadu. chasser kooda seyint siddhaantaanni suuchistuu undavacchu. nalgava mariyu aidava sataabdapu uttara africa yokka donatist matavisvaasaalaku sambandhinchina hippo yokka augustin, dheenilo augustin oka poojaari yokka chellubaatu ayye matakarmalanu nirvahinchagala saamarthyam thana sonta paapamtho chelladani vaadinchaadu. anduvalla, kshamaapanhatho, chasser charchi yokka paripalana mariyu aardhika paddhatulanu vimarsistuu, adhe samayamlo daani mataparamaina adhikaram mariyu siddhaantaaniki thana maddatunu dhruveekarinche avakaasam undhi.
kathala saadhaarana prastaavanaloo, kshamaapana ichhe vyakti eee panktulatoe parichayam cheyabaddaduh
<kavita>
oka sunnitamaina kshamaapanhatho
rounsiwale, athani friind mariyu athani sahacharudu,
aaa streat rome kortu nundi vachindi.
athanu gattiga "com hyder, love, naaku!"
eee somoner baar oka stifboardni keertinchadaaniki...
athanu goodu unnanta chinnadigaa oka vayisnu kaligi unnadu.
athanu eppuduu cheyani, athanu eppuduu cheyanidi kaadu;
aalasyamgaa kshouram chesinatlugaa adhi pogamanchugaa undhi.
athanu oka gelding ledhaa gurram anie neenu bhaavinchaanu.</kavita>
chivari moodu panktulu kshamaapana ichhe vyakti napumsakudu ("gelding") ledhaa swalinga samparkudani kathakudu bhaavinchaadani suuchistunnaayi.