south wales

south wales () anedi thoorpuna ingland mariyu uttaraana midwells sarihaddulugaa unna wales yokka oka shidhilamgaa nirvachinchabadina praantam. saadhaaranamgaa chaaritraatmaka counteelaina glamorgaon mariyu monmoutshairlanu kaligi unnatlu pariganinchabadutundi, south wales carmarthenshire mariyu pembrokshirelanu kaligi undataaniki paschimam vaipu vistarinchi undhi. paschima praantamloo, swansey nundi paschimam vaipu, sthaanika prajalu bahusha vaaru south wales mariyu west wales rendintiloonuu nivasinchaarani gurtinchavacchu. breacon beacons jaateeya udyaanavanam dakshina vaelsloo moodinta oka vanthu vistarinchi undhi, idhi snodonialoni kadair idrisku dakshinaana unna ettaina british parvatam penn vai fyaannu kaligi undhi. 
paeru yokka modati muulakaanni 'south wales' ledhaa 'south wales' gaa pedda aksharaluga marchala anedi kontha charchaneeyaamsam. paeru baga nirvachinchabadina sarihaddulato kuudina nirdishta praantam kante bhougolika vyakteekarana kabatti, bbc mariyu "guardian" vanti shaili maargadarsakulu 'south wales' roopaanni upayogistaaru. marinta adhikaarika shaili maargadarsigaa, velsh prabhutvam, vaari antarjaateeya gateway website, wales loe.com, idhi ellappuduu capitalize ayi undaalani perkonandi. idhi ellappuduu motaru maarga sanketalapai capitalize cheyabadutundi.
charitra.
1284 naati rudlan saasanam mariyu vaelslooni chattalu chattam 1535 madhya, vaelslooni kireetam bhoomi vaelsloo rajyaanni erpaatu chesindi. idhi south wales rajyam mariyu north wales rajyam gaa vibhajinchabadindi. dakshina rajyam gatamlo velsh raajyamaina dehebart ('dakshina bhoomi') loe bhaagamgaa unna praantaalu, seridigian mariyu carmarthenshire counteelatho roopondinchabadindi. eee praantaaniki chattaparamaina baadhyata carmarthen vadda unna south wales nyaayanirnaeta chetilo undhi. dakshina vaelslooni itara praantaalu vividha kavaatu prabhuvula chetullo undevi.
wales chattalu 1542 naalugu leagal circuitla aadhaaramgaa wales loe grate sessions kortunu srushtinchindi. breacon circuit breaknockshire, radnorshire mariyu glamorgaon kounteelaku sevalu andinchagaa, carmarthen circuit cardiganshire, carmarthenshire mariyu pembroxyrelaku sevalu andinchindi. monmoutshire nyaya prayojanaala kosam oxford circuitku anusandhaaninchabadindi. eee vidhamgaa eee edu dakshina counteelu uttara wales looni aaru kounteela nundi vaeru cheyabaddaayi.
grate sessions yokka kortu kortu mugisindi, conny conny amaluloki vacchina sthaanika prabhutva chattam 1972 varaku counteelu manugada saaginchaayi. pavis kounteeni srushtinchadam oka uttara county (montgomerishire) nuu rendu dakshina counteelatho (breakenshire mariyu radnorshire) vileenam chesindi.
anduvalla south wales gurinchi vividha bhavanalu unnaayi. glamorgaon mariyu monmoutshairlanu saadhaaranamgaa south vaelsloo unnatlu andaruu angeekaristaaru. conny udaaharanaku, breakenshire ledhaa carmarthenshire sthithi marinta vivadaspadamga undhi. paschima praantamloo, swansey nundi paschimam vaipu, sthaanika prajalu taamu south wales mariyu west wales rendintiloonuu nivasistunnatlu bhaavinchavachchu. breacon beekaanlu mariyu nalla parvataalaku uttaraana unna praantaalu saadhaaranamgaa madhya wales loe unnatlu pariganistaaru. loyalu mariyu ettaina parvata sikharaalu okappudu nadhi loyalu mariyu puraatana adavulaku prasiddhi chendina chaalaa graameena praantamgaa undevi mariyu vilium words worth vanti srungaara kavulu mariyu velsh bhaashalooni kavulache prasamsimchabaddaayi, ayinappatikee taruvaati vaari aasaktulu sahaja drushyaala prerepana kante samajam mariyu samskrutilo ekkuvagaa unnaayi. prarambha paarisraamika viplavam samayamlo eee sahaja vaataavaranam gananeeyamgaa maarindi, glamorgaon mariyu monmoutshire loya praantaalanu boggu mariyu inumu kosam dopidi chesaaru. 1830la natiki, vandala tannula boggunu barge dwara cardiff mariyu newportloni odarevulaku ravana cheyabadutondi. cheyabadutondi, boggunu railu ravana networkla dwara newport revulaku ravana chesaaru, aaa samayamlo prapanchamlone atipedda boggu egumati revulu, mariyu 1880la natiki boggunu glamorgaon loya ayina byaari nundi egumati chestunnaru.
cardiff kuu uttaraana chaalaa bhoomini kaligi unna beaut yokka markes, thana bhoomipai aaviri railway vyavasthanu nirminchaadu, idhi cardiff nundi boggu labhistunna aneka south wales loyala varaku vistarinchi undhi. lard beaut appudu thana railvenu upayoginchi ravana cheyabade bogguku prati tunnu rusumu vasoolu chesaadu. boggu tavvakam mariyu inumu kariginchadam dakshina wales yokka pradhana vyapaaraalugaa undatamtho, midlands, scatland, ireland, cornwall mariyu italii nundi kooda vaelaadi mandhi valasadaarulu vacchi illanu erpaatu chesi eee praantamloo muulaalanu yerparacharu. somerset, gloucestershireloni deane adavi mariyu jeevar tinn gani vanti cornwall tinn ganula vanti itara boggu ganula praantaala nundi chaalaa mandhi vacchaaru, endukante pedda conny anubhavagnulaina mariyu siddhamgaa unna sraamika shakti avasaram. kontamandi valasadaarulu vellipoyinappatiki, chaalaa mandhi swansey mariyu abergavenni madhya unna south wales loyalalo pratyaekamaina gurtimputoe aanglam matlade sanghaluga sthirapaddaaru. paarisraamika kaarmikulanu vaaru panichese ganulu, foundaryla daggara kuteeraalu, metla illalo unchaaru. samvatsaraalugaa pedda sankhyalo janasaandrata peragadamtho kalara vyaapti chendindi, mariyu saamaajika mariyu saamskrutika vaipu, eee praantamloo velsh bhasha dadapuga ksheeninchindi.
ksheeninchindi united kingdamlo jarigina yuddhaantara mahaa maandyam kaaranamgaa south wales boggu kshetramloni boggu guntalalo daadaapu sagam nashtam sambhavinchindi, rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata samvatsaraalalo vaati sankhya marinta taggindi. UK mainarla samme (1984-85) taruvaata, mariyu chivari 'saampradaaya' lothaina shaft gani, tower boggu karmagaram, janavari janavari moosiveyabadina taruvaata, eee sankhya ippudu chaalaa takkuvagaa undhi.
boggu ganula loyalalo teevramaina paarisraamikeekarana jariginappatikee, eguva neeth loya, glamorgaon loya mariyu yusk nadhi mariyu river vai loyalu vanti dakshina wales yokka prakruti drushyamlooni aneka praantaalu spashtamgaa andamgaa mariyu chediponivigaa unnaayi mariyu pratyeka shaastreeya aasakti unna pradaesaalugaa gurtinchabaddaayi. adanamgaa, okappudu bhaareega paarisraamikeekarana chendina aneka pradaesaalu tirigi aranyamloki marai, konni saikil tracklu mariyu itara bahiranga soukaryaalanu andinchaayi. atavee mariyu bahiranga neelala yokka pedda praantaalu kooda prakruti drushyam yokka soukaryaaniki dohadam chestaayi.
19va mariyu 20va sataabdaalaloo paarisraamika praantaalu.
sthaanikamgaa samruddhiga unna inupa khanijam yokka poranu dopidi cheyadaaniki sthaapinchabadina doulice inupa panula chuttoo merthire tidefill () perigindi, kalakramena idhi prapanchamlone atipedda inupa utpatti chese pattanamgaa maarindi. kolimulaku aaharam andinchadaaniki kotta boggu ganulu sameepamlo munigipoyayi mariyu kalakramena egumati kosam boggunu utpatti chesaayi. 1831 janabha lekkala prakaram, merthire janabha 60,000-aaa samayamlo cardiff, swansey mariyu newport kalipi kante ekkuva-mariyu daani parisramalalo boggu ganulu, inupa panulu, cable factory, injin shedlu mariyu sidinglu mariyu aneka itara parisramalu unnaayi. eee pattanam "myphanvi" paata swarakarta ayina joseph paari janmasthalam kooda.
raimney, treadegger mariyu ebb vaale vanti loya pattanaala adhipatulu paarisraamika viplavam nundi udbhavinchi, boggu, loha khanijalu mariyu taruvaata ukkunu utpatti chesaaru.
aberfan merthire vyaale boggu karmagaram karmagaram boggunu utpatti cheyadam praarambhinchindi. ganula panula nundi chedipoyina vastuvulu graamaaniki sameepamlo unna kondalapai perukupoyayi, ivi sameepamlo perigayi. 1960la varaku tipping konasaagindi. jaateeyam cheyabadinappatiki, jaateeya boggu boardu vaaru srushtinchina pramaadaanni ardham chesukovadamlo viphalamaindi. 1966 octoberulo kurisina bhaarii varshaala kaaranamgaa bhaarii boggu kona asthiramgaa maarindi, phalitamgaa aberfan vipattu sambhavinchindi. iteevala 'tilings' anie piluvabade boggu mariyu buudida yokka chinna kanaalanu paaraveyadam paakshikamgaa kaaranamainatlu telustondi. oka nalla tarangam glamorganshire kaaluva meedugaa konda digi, graama paatasaala vaipu velle maargamlo illanu kottukupoyindi. 114 mandhi pillalu mariyu 28 mandhi peddalu maraninchaaru.
maraninchaaru ronda loyalu (ronda phaach mariyu ronda fower) sumaru 3,000 mandiki nivaasam kalpinchaayi, conny 1910 natiki janabha 160,000kuu perigindi. ronda bhaarii south wales boggu parisramaku kendramgaa maarindi. naela diguvana ganula tavvakam pramaadaalu sarvasaadhaaranam, sarvasaadhaaranam tilerstowne boggu karmagaramlo gyaas paeluduloe yaabhai eduguru purushulu mariyu baluru maraninchaaru. gatha 15 nelalugaa eee guntalanu sarigga tanikhi cheyaledani vichaaranalo telindi.
ebb wall, ebb wall pattanam nundi newport varaku vistarinchi unna ebb wall nadhi loya, maining pattanaalu mariyu newbridge, risca, crumlin, abercorn mariyu sidabluemcorn gramalu unnaayi. eee praantamlooni carboniferous block wean boggu poralu uparitalam krinda 900 adugula (275 meterlu) diguvana unnaayi mariyu daanitoe anubandhinchabadina maining karyakalapalu aneka vishaada uparitala paelullu, paikappu koolipovadam mariyu maining pramaadaalaku kaaranamayyaayi.
ippudu loyala bhaarii paarisraamika gatam pattana punarutpatti, paryatakam mariyu bahula-jaateeya pettubadulatho mudrinchabadindi. pedda factory unitlu, khaliga ledhaa retail viniyogaaniki maarchabadataayi, paatha parisramalanu bharti cheyadamlo vijayam lekapovadaniki sakshyam.
bhasha.
south vaelsloo ekkuva mandhi prajala sthaanika bhasha inglish, conny velsh matlade vaaru kooda chaalaa mandhi unnaaru. glamorgaon yokka paschima bhagalalo, mukhyamgaa neeth mariyu swansey loyalalo, yastradginlise mariyu yistalifera vanti gananeeyamaina velsh matlade sanghaalu unnaayi, ivi thoorpu carmarthenshireloni itara maajee-anthracite maining praantaalatoo vaarasatvaanni panchukuntaayi, glamorgaon loyalatho samanamga.
dakshina wales loya samaajaala sthaanika yaasa, mandalikam mariyu padabandhaalanu 'venglish' anie pilustaaru, mariyu tarachugaa haasya prabhaavamtho upayogistaaru. eee mandalikam barrie vanti teerapraanta pattanaalalo kanipistundi, idhi bbc haasya dhaaraavahika "gavin & stacey" loe kanipistundi.
wales loe tama vidyanu praarambhinchae vidyaarthulandarikii ippudu gcse sthaayi varaku velsh tappanisari bhashaga undhi. velsh medium vidyanu andinche aneka madhyamika paatasaalalu eee praantamloo panicheestunnaayi, udaaharanaku ponteeklanlo yasgol giffun lanhari, rondalo portlo yasgol giffun vai simmer, sainan loyalo penivan loe yasgol giffun raidivan, pontipoollo yasgol giffun gwinleave, blockwoodlo yasgol giffun cdabluem raimney, cardiflo yasgol zimreg plasma mariyu graamamlo charchi yasgol giffun garth olg.
jaathi minority vargaalaku chendina gananeeyamaina sankhyalo prajalu tama modati bhashaga maroka bhashanu matladataru, mukhyamgaa cardiff mariyu newportlo. konni praantaalalo saadhaaranamgaa matlade bhaashalalo punjabi, bengali, arabic, somali mariyu chainees, mariyu polish vanti madhya european bhashalu unnaayi.
19va mariyu 20va sataabdaala praarambhamlo, chuttu pakkala kendreekrutamaina balamaina saahitya mariyu sangeeta samskruti undedi. eee saahityaanni aanglamlo anukarinchadaaniki konni piriki prayatnaalu chesinappatiki, kontamandi rachayitalu prakruti drushyamtho ledhaa saahitya sampradaayamtho anusandhaaninchabadinatlu anipistundani vaadinchavachchu. dheeniki minahaayimpugaa dylan thaamasnu kontavaraku pariganinchavacchu.
matam.
south wales prakruti drushyam aneka chappels, vividha kraistava anuroopata laeni sammelanaala praarthanaa sthalaalu (gatam mariyu prastuta) dwara gurtinchabadindi. illston, gover vadda unna baptist sangham masaachusetslooni swanseeki maarindi, conny conny book off common prardhana sanchikatho aangla aaradhana punaruddharinchabadina taruvaata, aneka "sekarinchina" charchilu baptist, swatantra mariyu presbyterian tegalaku chendinavi. 18va sataabdamloo eee sanghaalalo konnintini sabhyulu kontamandi sikshana pondina mantrula vedaantaparamaina aavishkaranalato asantrupti chendaaru, mariyu yastrad mainach sameepamlo unna kotta sanghaalanu srushtinchaaru. adhe sataabdamloo, charchilu konnisaarlu methodist udyamamlo palgonnayi, mukhyamgaa carefilly sameepamloni groswen mariyu watford vadda, rendintinee zaan wesley tarachugaa sandarsinchevaaru, ayithe, calvinist methadistulu (taruvaata presbyterian church off wales) ayyaru, dheeni vilakshanhamaina buudida raathi chaapellanu aneka bhagalalo chudavachu.
ivi pradhanamgaa velsh bhasha sanghaalu. dakshina vaelsloo aanglavaadam velsh charchi chattam chattam ingland charchi nundi swayampratipatti pondindi, conny aaa samayamlo bhayapadina tega yokka takshana maranam vaelslooni charchilo jaragaledu. cardiff mariyu swansey praantamloo aneka sodarula samavesalu mariyu rivderin, newport sameepamlo mariyu merthire tidefill vadda uchita presbyterian charchilu unnaayi. roman catholic samajam, kramabaddhamaina himsa unnappatikee, 17va nundi 19va sataabdaalaloo, mukhyamgaa breacon loe mariyu monmoutshire-herfordshire sarihaddulo velsh biknor yokka wagons vanti chinna peddavaarilo manugada saaginchindi. taruvaati pattana catholic sammelanaalalo videshee muulaaniki chendina sabhyulalo brachi, cafelo italianlu mariyu tarachugaa apennainlaloo bardy nundi cattering vyaparalu undevi.
yuddhaanantara vaividhyam maseedulanu teesukuvacchindi, mukhyamgaa cardiff mariyu newport, sikku gurudwaralu, veetilo abersinone sameepamloni parvatam meeda okati mariyu perugutunna suvaarta mariyu pentecostal sammelanaalu unnaayi. ivi tarachugaa sthaanika jeevitamlo balamaina antarjaateeya amsaanni jodistaayi, pontiprid mariyu mbale, uganda madhya "paant" kavalala project mariyu prapanchavyaaptamgaa praadhamika utpattidaarulato "fairtrade" sambandhaalanu srushtinchadam vantivi.
neti parisrama.
1970la aardhika poraataala nundi boggu mariyu inumu utpatti yokka munupati bhaarii parisramalu adrusyamayyaayi, aaa dasaabdam yokka moosivethalu 1980la varaku teevramgaa konasagayi, mariyu juulai 1985 natiki eee praantamloo kevalam 31 boggu guntalu matrame migili unnaayi. 1990la praarambhamlo marinta moosivethalu eee praantamloo kevalam oka lothaina ganitho migilipoyayi, chivaraku idhi janavari janavari moosiveyabadindi, appatiki idhi jaateeya boggu boardu vikrayinchina taruvaata private yaajamaanyaaniki badilee cheyabadindi.
appati nundi eee parisramalu ekkuvagaa seva ranga parisramala dwara bharti cheyabaddaayi.
madhya carridar vembadi unna nagaralu admiral insurance, leagal & general mariyu velsh aadhaarita principality building society vanti aneka unnata sthaayi blue-chip companylaku nilayamgaa unnaayi. eee praantamloo, mukhyamgaa loya praantamloo pedda sankhyalo telephone coll centerlu unnaayi. merthire tidefill german mobile telephone company tii-mobile kosam pradhana yuke coll centarku nilayam. chinna taraha mariyu kutumba vyapaaraalalo kooda aneka udyogaalu andinchabadutunnaayi. adhikaarika ganaamkaalato paatu, kotta parisramalu eee praantamloo nivasinche pedda sankhyalo upaadhi pondagala prajalaku sthiramaina upaadhini andinche panini edurkovadamlo ippativaraku viphalamayyaayani vyaktigata parichayala nundi spashtamgaa telustundi.
madhya carridar looni oka mukhyamaina pradaesam port talboat steel works-idhi yukelo atipedda ukku utpattidaaru mariyu airopalo atipedda vaatilo okati.
tv mariyu chalanachitra rangaalu vaegamgaa south vaelsloo oka pradhana parisramagaa maarutunnaayi, bbc dwara, pontiprid sameepamloni nantgarvlo doctor hoo syries kosam vistaaramaina ankitamaina nirmaana studio abhivruddhi cheyabadindi. lard attenbaro tvaralo yaabhai samvatsaraalalo UK loe mottamodati puurtigaa kotta film studionu praarambhinchabotunnaadu. bridgend mariyu lantricent madhya madhya motaru maargam pakkana unna bhaarii prayojanamtho nirminchina studio complexes ayina dragon international film studiolo aneka pedda soundstagelu unnaayi, ivi ippatike aneka mandhi hollywood darsakulu mariyu nirmaatala aasaktini aakarshinchayi, airopalo tagina soukaryaala kosam vetukutunnaayi.
railway.
grate westran railway swansey, cardiff central mariyu newport nundi london paddington varaku 800 taragatulato sevalanu nirvahistundi.
south vaelsloo chaalaa sevalu south wales pradhana maargamlo mariyu loya margalu vanti anubandha saakhalalo wales railu kosam ravana dwara nirvahinchabadataayi.
media.
radeo stationlalo ivi unnaih
velsh jaateeya media cardiflo undhi, ikkada bbc mariyu itv vaari pradhana studiolu mariyu karyalayalanu kaligi unnaayi.

