benzin linkan

benzin linkan (janavari 24,1733 (o.ess. janavari 13,1733)-mae 9,1810) oka american armi adhikari. athanu american viplavaatmaka yuddha samayamlo khandantara sainyamlo majer generalga panicheesaadu. linkan yuddha samayamlo moodu pradhana longubaatlalo palgonnadu saratoga yuddhaalalo palgonadam (kontakaalam tarvaata gayanni konasaginchadam) zaan burgoin british sainyam longipovadaaniki dohadapadindi, athanu marchi charleston muttadilo yuddhamlo atipedda american longipovadaanni paryaveekshinchaadu, mariyu georg washington yokka rendava kamandga, athanu yarktownloo british longipovadaanni adhikarikamga angeekarinchaadu.
linkan 1781 nundi 1783 varaku united states modati yuddha kaaryadarsigaa panicheesaaru. yuddha kaaryadarsigaa unnappudu, linkan masachusets raashtramloni sinsinnati societylo asalu sabhyudayyadu mariyu juun 9,1783naa masachusets sosaiteeki modati adhyakshudiga ennikayyaadu. yuddham taruvaata, linkan thana sthaanika masachusetslo rajakeeyaalalo churukuga unnadu, leftinent governor kosam anekasaarlu pootii chesaadu, conny aaa karyalayamlo oka padam matrame geluchukunnadu. geluchukunnadu, linkan shays tirugubaatunu anachiveyadamlo oka sainika dalaaniki (masachusets vyaapaarulache praivetugaa nidhulu samakuurchabadina) naayakatvam vahinchaadu mariyu kotta samyukta raashtraala raajyaamgaaniki balamaina maddatudaarugaa unnadu. ayana thana taruvaati samvatsaraallo chaalaa varaku boston naukaasrayaaniki rajakeeyamgaa prabhaavavantamaina customs collectorga unnaaru. aayanaku abraham linkantho sambandham ledhu.
prarambha jeevitam.
benjamin linkan janavari 24,1733naa masachusets bay provins looni hinghamlo janminchaaru, kalnal benjamin linkan mariyu athani rendava bhaarya elizabeth thoxter linkan yokka aarava santaanam mariyu modati kumarudu. linkan puurveekulu modata hinghamlo sthirapadina vaarilo unnaaru, thamus linkan 'dhi cooper' thoo praarambhinchi, masachusets bay kaalaneelo bhagamainappudu hinghamlo sthirapadina aneka mandhi linkanlalo itanu kooda unnadu. safolk counteeloo atyanta dhanavantulalo okaraina linkan tandri 1753 nundi 1770 varaku governor council sabhyudiga panicheesaaru, panicheesaaru ayana maraninche mundu aneka itara poura padavulanu nirvahinchaaru. linkan talli taata, cole. hinghamloni atyanta pramukha mariyu prabhaavavantamaina pourulalo okaraina shamyul thoxter, oka regimentlo kalnal ayyadu mariyu mariyu masachusets mariyu road dveepam madhya sarihaddunu parishkarinchadaaniki niyaminchabadina vaarilo okadu.
thana prarambha jeevitamlo, linkan kutumba polamlo panichesi, sthaanika paatasaalalo chadivaadu. athanu thana tandrini anusarinchi prabhutvamlo cheraadu, 21 yella vayassulo town conistable ayyadu, ayyadu athanu safolk county milicia (athani tandri kalnalga unna chota) yokka 3va regimentlo adjatantgaa cheraadu. cheraadu, 23 samvatsaraala vayassulo, linkan masaachusetslooni pembroke kushing elijah kumarte maerii kushingnu vivaham chesukunnadu, athani puurveekulu kooda hingham vyavasthaapakulalo unnaaru. vaariki padakondu mandhi pillalu unnaaru, vaarilo eduguru yuktavayassu varaku jeevinchaaru. jeevinchaaru, athanu iravai samvatsaraalu konasagina padavi ayina hingham pattana gumastaagaa ennikayyaadu. athanu french mariyu bhaarata yuddha samayamlo pourasenalo churukuga konasagaru, conny etuvanti charya teesukoledu, mariyu mariyu sangharshana mugise samayaniki majer gaa padoonnati pondaadu.
linkan linkan hingham pattana selectmenga ennikayyaaru, eee padavini ayana aaru samvatsaraalu nirvahinchaaru. eee padaveekaalamlo provincelo raajakeeya vyatiraekata parliamentary pannu charyalaku perigindi, idhi kaalanee raajakeeya prakruti drushyaanni dhruveekarinchindi. linkan pratipakshaaniki maddatugaa nilichaadu, chivariki hingham deshabhaktulalo pramukha saktigaa maaradu. maaradu, hingham nivaasulu aamodinchina teermaanaala jaabitaalo, linkan british vastuvulanu digumati chesukokapovadampai nivaasitulu korina charyalanu vivarinchaadu mariyu athanu boston oochakotanu khandinchaadu. khandinchaadu, linkan safolk milicia yokka 3va regimentku leftinent kalnalga padoonnati pondaadu. adhe samvatsaram ayana praantiiya saasanasabhaku pattana pratinidhigaa ennikaloo vijayam saadhinchaaru.
american viplavam.
viplavam general thamus gaze kaalanee governorga raavadamtho, praantiiya assembly raddu cheyabadindi, conny masachusets praantiiya congressga samskarinchabadindi. linkan eee samsthaku ennikalaloo vijayam saadhinchadam konasaginchadu, mariyu pourasatva samstha mariyu sarafaraanu paryavekshinche kamiteelalo unchabaddaadu, april april lexington mariyu cohn card yuddhaalatho american viplavaatmaka yuddham prarambhamainappudu eee sthaanam atyanta praamukhyata santarinchukundi. athanu appudu congress bhadrata kamiteeki niyaminchabaddaadu, mariyu daani karyanirvahaka mandaliki kooda ennikayyaadu, idhi muttadi cheyabadina boston velupala unna provinspy karyanirvahaka adhikaranni upayoginchindi. duppatla nundi gunpouder varaku saamaagrini sekarinchi, boston velupala noothana khandantara sainyaniki anni rakaala sarafaraalu cherela chudadamlo ayana lothugaa nimagnamai unnaaru.
newyork rakshana.
janavari aktobaru linkan masachusets sainyam yokka majer generalga padoonnati pondhi, rashtra theera rakshanalanu paryaveekshinchaaru. british vaaru bostonnu khaalii chesina taruvaata, athanu mariyu continental armi general artemas ward rashtra teerapraanta kotalanu merugupariche prayatnaalanu paryaveekshinchaaru, mariyu british vaaru tirigi vasthe rashtra sainika dalaalanu siddhamgaa unchaalani aadesinchaaru. 1776 maeloe athanu boston naukaasrayam nundi chivari raaja naavikaadala noukalanu vijayavantamgaa nadipinchina rashtra dalaalaku darsakatvam vahinchaadu.
yuddha anubhavam laenappatikee, linkan continental armi officers commission kosam continental congressku rashtra pratinidhulanu lobbying cheyadam praarambhinchaadu, vruddhaapya mariyu anaarogyamtho unna general ward tvaralo padavee viramana cheyavachani oohinchaadu. eee aalochanaku saadhaaranamgaa manchi aadarana labhinchindi, oka pratinidhi linkan "brigadier generalku manchi vyakti" mariyu "saamardhyaala vyakti" anie vrasadu, ayinappatikee ataniki "ekkuva anubhavam ledhu". khandantara commission ventane rakapoyinappatiki, linkan nuu 1776 septembarulo newyork pattanamlo general georg washington thoo chaeradaaniki rashtram pampina sainyam yokka brigade kuu naayakatvam vahinchaaru.
linkan nairuti connecticut cherukunnappudu, long ailandloni british sthaanaalapai daadi cheyadaaniki long iland sound antataa dandayaatranu siddham cheyaalani washington modata atanni aadesinchaadu. 1776 augustulo long iland (brooklin) yuddham taruvaata washington newyork nundi tirogamanam praarambhinchinappudu eee dandayaatra raddu cheyabadindi, taruvaata newyork pattanam nundi uttara disagaa tirogamananiki vachinanduna washington sainyamlo chaeradaaniki rendu regimentlanu teesukuraavaalani linkan aadesinchabaddaadu. linkan dalaalu khandantara tirogamanaanni newyorkloni tella maidaanaalaku surakshitam chesaayi mariyu aktobaru aktobaru jarigina tella mydaanaala yuddhamlo pradhana khandantara nirmaanamloo unnaayi; dalaala eee bhaagam yuddhamlo etuvanti charyanu chudaledu. thana manushula namodu nibandhanalu gaduvu mugisina taruvaata, linkan raboye samvatsaram prachaaraalaku kotta niyaamakaalaku naayakatvam vahinchadaaniki kontakaalam masachusetsku tirigi vacchaadu. general washington nundi "sainika shrenilo gurtinchadagina peddamanishi" gaa sifaarasu aadhaaramgaa, congress fibravari 14,1777naa khandantara sainyamlo oka majer generalga linkannu niyaminchindi.
linkan yokka modati command nyuu jerseeloni bound brook vadda oka forward avtpost, nyuu brunswick velupala unna british centriila nundi matrame. athanu sameepamloni vaan horn houselo thana pradhana karyalayanni sthaapinchaadu. nelala tarabadi jarigina kotlatala taruvaata, athani post april 13,1777naa aakasmika daadiki guraindi. banthi vaagu yuddhamlo athanu lard cornwallis aadhvaryamlo chaalaa pedda sainyam chetilo odipoyaadu, pattubadakunda tappinchukunnadu.
saratoga.
juulai juulai, washington thana mugguru uttama adhikaarulanu, kalnal morgaon, general arnald mariyu general linkan naartnu phillip skylerku sahayam cheyadaaniki pampaadu, aaa taruvaata skyler yokka pratyaamnaaya horassio gatesnu upstate newyork yokka rakshanalo, quebeck nundi general zaan burgoin dandayaatraku vyatiraekamgaa pampaadu. eee prayatnam kosam niyaminchabadutunna nyuu ingland milicia karyakalapalanu samanvayam cheyaalani linkan aadesinchabaddaadu. british vaaru tikonderoga koota nundi albani vaipu dakshinaana vellinappudu, british sarafara marganni vedhinchamani general skyler dakshina vermontloni oka sthaavaram nundi linkannu koraadu. linkan yokka pani nyuu hampshire yokka milicia nayakudu zaan stark chetha sanklishtamaindi, athanu thana dalaalanu linkan aadhvaryamlo unchadaaniki spashtamgaa niraakarinchaadu. stark gatamlo oka khandantara kamishannu nirvahinchi, padoonnati niraakaranapai rajinama chesaaru, mariyu athanu khandantara adhikaram krinda lekapothe matrame thana sthaanika nyuu hampshirelo panicheyadaaniki angeekarinchaaru. aagashtu madhyalo jarigina bennington yuddhamlo thana dalaalanu vijayaniki nadipinchina stark, linkan yokka sainyam inca perugutuu undagaa, burgoin sainyam nundi 1,000 mandhi hessian sainikulanu pattukoodaaniki ledhaa champadaaniki daariteesindi.
septembaru arambham natiki linkan thana aadhvaryamlo 2,000 mandhi sainikulanu kaligi undi, british sarafara line vadda aneka dalaalanu praarambhinchaadu. kalnal zaan braun netrutvamloni aaa dalaalalo okati, fort tikonderoga velupala british sthaanaalanu vijayavantamgaa vedhinchindi, american khaideelanu vidipinchindi mariyu september chivaralo kotanu swaadheenam chesukovadaniki viphala prayatnam kooda chesindi. eee samayaniki augustulo skyler nundi command teesukunna general gates, newyorkloni still water sameepamlo linkan dalaanni athanitho cheramani aadesinchaadu. kalnal morgaon yokka shorpshooterlu chaalaa mandhi adhikaarulanu mariyu phirangidalamlo naaluginta moodu vantulanu champina freemans phaam yokka vyuuhaatmakamgaa nischayaatmaka yuddham jarigina moodu rojula taruvaata, linkan september 22naa vacchaaru, phalitamgaa 10 british firangulalo 6 swaadheenam chesukunnaru. akkada linkan sainyam hudson nadhi thoorpu tiiraanni aakraminchaalsi undhi.
linkan yokka sainyam october 7 bemis hights yuddhamlo american vijayamlo etuvanti paatra pooshinchaleedu, endukante eee charya nadhi paschima bhaagamlo jarigindi, conny linkan yuddhamlo american rait yokka naayakatvamlo unnadu. eee saktulu takkuva charyanu chushai, idhi american edamavaipu kendrikrutamai undhi. general benedict arnald mariyu enoch puur netrutvamloni american dalaalu british rakshananu vijayavantamgaa ullanghinchaayi, freeman polamlo british vaaru saadhinchina chinna laabhaalanu raddu chesi, burgoynu kontha dhooram venakki vellamani balavantam chesaayi. aaa saayantram getlu linkannu nigha pettamani aadesinchaayi; linkan mariyu athani 1,500 mandhi sibbandi vaarini daryaaptu cheyadamtho british vamapakshalu venakki padipoyayi, linkan maajee british shrenulanu aakraminchagaligaadu. aaa saayantram council loe linkan, fort edward vadda unna ford nuu burgoin tikonderogaku tirigi vachhe prayatnamlo daanini cherukovadaniki mariyu nadini daatadaaniki prayatninche avakaasam lekunda balaparachaalani sifaarasu chesaaru. gates eee pranaalikaku angeekarinchi, linkan yokka sainyam alaa cheyamani aadesinchaadu. eee kadalikala samayamlo linkan oka british companyni edurkonnadu; taruvaati kotlaatalo linkan kudi cheelamanda oka musket banthi dwara mukkalaindi, general arnald bemis ettula yuddhamlo athani chaarj samayamlo kaaliki kottinatle, gates yuddha pranaalikalatoe arnald yokka asammati paddhatiloo avidheyata kaaranamgaa general getlu appatike command yokka arnoldnu upasamanam chesinappatiki.
linkan albaniki ravana cheyabaddaadu, akkada ataniki chikitsa cheyabadindi, mariyu akkada athanu october 17naa burgoin longipovadam gurinchi telusukunnadu. athani kumarudu 1778 fibravarilo hinghamku tirigi raavadaaniki ataniki sahayam chesaadu, akkada athanu chaalaa nelala paatu kolukunnadu. gaayam athani kudi kaalu edama kaalu kante rendu angulaalu takkuvagaa undindi, mariyu chaalaa samvatsaraalu cheelamanda gaayam tirigi teravadaaniki mariyu sankramana pramaadam undhi. kolukunna samayamlo linkan general arnald yokka seniority punaruddharinchabadindani telusukuni, linkannu atyalpa sthaayi majer generalga tagginchaadu. athanu swalpamgaa rajinama cheyaalani bhaavinchinappatikii, washington mariyu continental congresslo maddatudaarulu sainyaniki athani viluvanu haamii icchaaru.
dakshina rangasthalam (1778-1781).
linkan 1778 augustulo newyork velupala washingtonlo tirigi cheraaru, septembarulo dakshina vibhaagaaniki commanderga niyamitulayyaaru. clinton mariyu cornwallis aadhvaryamlo british sainyanni vyatirekinchadaaniki washington linkan, lafayet mariyu lii (henry "light haars harry") lanu dakshina vibhaagaaniki pampaadu. october october georgialoni savannapai french netrutvamloni vijayavantam kaani muttadilo linkan palgonnadu, aaa taruvaata athanu dakshina karolinaloni charlestonku tirigi vellipoyaadu. athanu charleston yokka rakshana dalaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. marchi marchi, nagaram chuttoo newyork nundi pampabadina gananeeyamaina british sainyam undhi. saapekshamgaa swalpakaala muttadi taruvaata, linkan 5,000 mandiki paiga sainikulanu leftinent general surr henry clintonku 1780 mae 12naa longadeesukovalsi vachindi, conny dakshina carolina sainyam alaage konni khandantara dalaalu tappinchukovadaaniki veelu kalpinche vidhamgaa alaa chesindi, idhi linkan vaipu british vaarini koopaginchindi.
marinta dalaala kosam aatrutagaa unna linkan, sameepistunna british vaarini nivaarinchadaaniki 1,000 mandhi banisaluga chesukunna african americanlanu aayudhalu ivvamani dakshina kerolina saasanasabhanu abhyardhinchaadu. saayudha baanisalanu chuudataaniki badulugaa, british dalaalu dakshina carolina gundaa velladaaniki anumatinchadaaniki saasanasabha british commanderlatho charchalu praarambhinchindi.
charleston vadda dakshina sainyam kolpovadam yuddhamlo atyanta ghoramaina khandantara otamulalo okati. dakshina carolina sainika dalaalu mariyu lafayet mariyu lii vanti konni khandantara dalaala tappinchukovadaanni sulabhataram cheyadamlo british kopam kaaranamgaa, longipovadamlo aayanaku yuddha gowravaalanu niraakarinchaaru, idhi linkannu teevramgaa nindinchindi. linkan perol pondaadu, vichaarana nyaayasthaanamlo atanipai etuvanti abhiyogaalu eppuduu mopabadaledu.
1780 navambarulo british majer general vilium phillips kuu marpidi ayina taruvaata, linkan washington pradhana sainyaniki tirigi vacchaadu. athanu dakshinaana sainyamlo pedda bhaganni elk maryland adhipati nundi varjiniyaaloni hampton varaku nadipinchaadu, paschimaana british vaaru shibiram vesina yarktownku vellaadu. october 19,1781naa yarktown muttadi mariyu lard cornwallis longipovadamlo linkan pradhana paatra pooshinchaaru. cornwallis anaaroogyam gurinchi vaadinchaaru, anduvalla longipoye vedukaku haajarukaaledu, badulugaa thana rendava-inn-command ayina airish general charless oo 'harranu pampadaaniki enchukunnaaru. general washington oo 'haaraa nundi cornwallis kattini angeekarinchadaaniki niraakarinchaadu, badulugaa daanini washington yokka sonta rendava-inn-command ayina linkanku samarpinchamani oo' harranu aadesinchaadu.
yuddhamlo karyadarshi (1781-1783).
1781 nundi 1783 chivari varaku, linkan yuddhamlo modati united states kaaryadarsigaa panicheesaaru. athanu sweekarinchabadina articles off confederation und perfetual union kinda confederation congress aayananu niyaminchindi. ayana taruvaata continental armi artillery cheef majer general henry nox aaa padaviloe niyamitulayyaaru (taruvaata 1789 nundi 1795 varaku kotta federal rajyangam prakaram, united states modati adhyakshudiga georg washington rendu padaveekaalaalo modati united states secretory off warga konasagaru). athanu athanu american academy off arts und sainsesku pheloga ennikayyaadu.
yuddhamlo kaaryadarsigaa unnappudu, linkan masachusets raashtramloni sinsinnati societylo asalu sabhyudiga cherchabaddaadu mariyu juun 9,1783naa masachusets sosaiteeki modati adhyakshudiga ennikayyaadu, tadanantaram juun 19naa sinsinnati sosaiteeki modati president generalga georg washington ennikaku maddatu icchaadu.
yuddhaanantara rajakeeyaalu.
1787 praarambhamlo, shays tirugubaatu anie piluvabade vaari vaanijyamlo pannulu mariyu prabhutva balavantam penchadaanni vyatirekinchina paschima masachusets raitula tirugubaatunu antam cheyadaaniki linkan sahayapaddadu; pratipakshaanni chedaragottadaaniki linkan 3,000 private nidhulatho kuudina miliciaku naayakatvam vahinchi, vandaku paiga swaadheenam chesukunnadu. tirugubaatudaarulu samakhya aayudhagaaraanni swaadheenam chesukovadamto jarigina tirugubaatu jaateeya gandaragolaniki kaaranamaindi, jaateeya sankshobhamlo idhi oka mukhyamaina bhaagam, idhi rajyanga samavesanni pilavadaanni samarthinchindi. marusati samvatsaram, safolk kounteegaa, hingham pratinidhigaa, linkan masachusets federal conventionlo united states raajyaamgaaniki maddatu ivvadaaniki ootu vaesaaru, idhi fibravari 6,1788naa 187 nundi 168 varaku aamodinchabadindi.
fibravari 4,1789naa, united states adhyakshudu mariyu upadhyakshudi modati ennikala samayamlo ennikala otlanu pondina 12 mandhi vyaktulalo linkan okaru, georgia rashtram nundi namodu cheyani otarla otunu andukunnaru.
linkan derby akaadameeki modati dharmakartalalo okarigaa kooda panicheesaaru, dheenini dhanavanthudaina saelam shipping magnet vitantuvu saaraa hersey derby hinghamlo sthaapinchaaru.
athanu masachusets leftinent governorga mariyu boston naukashraya collectorga chaalaa samvatsaraalu sahaa vividha hodaallo praja jeevitamlo churukuga unnadu. unnadu linkan collector padaviki rajinama cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu, kaani adhyakshudu thamus jefferson vaarasudini niyaminche varaku akkade undaalani abhyardhinchaadu. eee chattam pratinidhi josia quincy III janavari athanu jeffersonpy abhisamsanaku prayatninchadaaniki daariteesindi, ayinappatikee aaa samvatsaram maarchilo jefferson padavini vidichipettadaaniki siddhamgaa unnadu. athanu athanu praja jeevitam nundi padavee viramana chesi, 1810 mae 9naa hinghamlo maraninchaadu.
vaarasatvam.
linkan hinghamloni paatha ooda charchi venuka paatha ooda khananam sthalamlo khananam cheyabaddaadu. linkan antyakriyalalo paal beararlaloo zaan audums, cotton tufts, robbert treat peyin, richard cranch mariyu thamus melville unnaaru. linkan gouravaartham, boston mariyu itara pradaesaalaloo gantalanu oka ganta paatu moginchaaru; oodalu, koota independence mariyu fort warren vadda unna jendaalu, alaage charlestowne naevii yard vadda unna jendaalanu sagam maast kuu tagginchaaru.
american viplavaatmaka yuddhamlo moodu pradhana longubaatlalo palgonna koddimandilo ayana okaruh rendusaarlu vijaetagaa (yarktown mariyu saratoga vadda), mariyu okasari odipoyina partyga (charleston vadda). yuddha samayamlo ayana pooshinchina pradhana paatra unnappatikee, khandantara sainyamlo thana samakaaleenula kante ayana takkuva gurthundipotharu.
athanu vyavasayanni prothsahinchadaaniki masachusets society vyavasthaapaka sabhyudu (m.ess.pii.eah.) united statesloni toli vyavasaya sanghaalalo okati. eee sosaiteeni marchi 7,1792naa commonwealth off masachusets chattam dwara chaerchaaru.
dakshina americaloni "linkan" anae paeru gala pradaesaalaku 16va adhyakshudu abraham linkan paeru pettakunda benzin linkan paeru pettaru. alabama, georgia, kentucky, misauri, uttara carolina mariyu tenniseeloni counteelu mariyu/ledhaa pattanaalaku athani gouravaartham paerlu pettabaddayi, alaage uttara carolina (linkenton), georgia (linkenton), vermont (linkan) mariyu maine (linkonville) looni communitylu kooda unnaayi. columbia, dakshina kerolina, mariyu savannah, georgia (linkan streat) looni veedhulu, alaage varjeeniyaaloni yaarktounlooni united states coast gaard sikshanaa kendramloni linkan haall athani paerunu kaligi unnaayi.
linkan jeevitakaala nivaasam ippatikee undhi. idhi idhi jaateeya chaaritraka mylurayiga prakatinchabadindi mariyu chaaritraka pradaesaala jaateeya registerlo jabita cheyabadindi. benjamin linkan maerii kushingnu vivaham chesukunnadani nammutaaru.

