
zaan fordies (missionary)

zaan fordies (1819-1902) oka kraistava missionary, suvaarta mantri mariyu nirvahakudu, athanu bhaaratadesamlo genana missionlu anie piluvabade mahilaa vidya choravanu praarambhinchaadu. rikshanu bharatadesaniki parichayam chesina ghanata aayanaku dakkindi.
prarambha jeevitam.
fordies 1819 marchi 7naa forg vadda james fordies mariyu aann (nee aadam) yokka nalgava kumarudiga janminchaadu. edinberg vishwavidhyaalayamlo adhyayanam chesina taruvaata, athanu kelsolo paatasaala upadhyayudu ayyadu mariyu akkada scatland pedda mariyu bodhakudi uchita charchi, revto sannihita sambandham kaligi unnadu. 1840laloe horatius bonner.
1851 natiki athanu vedaantasaastram adhyayanam cheyadaaniki edinbergloni kotta kalasalalo pravesinchaadu, mariyu athanu 1852loe nagaramloni oka private ladys academylo bodhistunnadu. eee kaalamlo ledhaa antaku mundu athanu rev drushtiki vacchaadu. bhaaratadesamlo mahilaa vidyanu prothsahinchadaaniki uchita charchi ladys kamitee dwara kalakatta mahilaa samstha superintendentga thana niyamakanni roopondinchina doctor alegzander duff.
genana pani.
mahilaa samstha (3 nundi 16 samvatsaraala madhya vayassu gala sthaanika baalikalaku dustulu dharinchi, tinipinchi, bodhinche anaathaashramamu) mariyu saadhaaranamgaa "sthaanika mahilaa vidyanu penchadam" anae aadesam rendinti baadhyathatho 1852 chivaralo fordies kalakattaaku vacchaaru.
prabhaavavantamaina bhaaratheeyula kumartelaku vaari sonta illalooni genana (ekaantamaina mahilaa nivaasaalu) loe paatasaala vidyanu andinchadaaniki ayana ventane sannahaka charyalu teesukunnaru. 1839loe doctor duff, genana andubaatulo lekunda bhaaratadesamlo mahilaa vidya purogati asadhyam anie angeekarinchaaru, conny atuvanti pravesam asaadhyamani prakatinchaaru. 1840loe ayana sahodyogi doctor thamus smith genana bodhana kosam oka pathakaanni roopondinchaaru, ayithe bengaalloni thoti missionaryla samavesalu dheenini avaastavikamani rendusaarlu tosipuchayi. fordies vachhe varaku atuvanti pathakaanni amalu cheyadaaniki etuvanti samishti prayatnam jaragaledu.
fordies dwara suddhi cheyabadina eee pathakamlo, jeetam pondhe governess luu, prati okkaroo oka sahayakudu ledhaa ayaatho kalisi, unnata kula hinduu kutumbaalanu kramam tappakunda sandarsinchi, akkadi mahilalaku praathamika vidyanu andinchadam, atuvanti sandarsanala kharchulanu inti adhipati chellinche nelawari chandha nundi teerchadam vantivi undevi. eee prayojanam kosam ankitamaina samsthalo governaslaku uchitamgaa vasati kalpinchaali modata vaaru fordies anaathaashramamlo nundi mariyu upadhyayuluga maaradaaniki akkada sikshana pondina anaadhala nundi teesukobadataru-eee disagaa athanu samsthalo oka saadhaarana paatasaala vibhaganni sthaapinchaadu. ayana prabhaavavantamaina hinduu (mukhyamgaa tagor) kutumbaalato sampradimpulu, oppinchadam mariyu sampradimpula karyakramanni "vaari abhyantaraalanu adhigaminchadaaniki, vaari abhyantaraalanu telusukovadaaniki mariyu vaari maddatunu pondadaaniki" praarambhinchaadu. athanu "bhartalu mariyu tandrulaku chinna, balamaina mariyu adbhutamaina vignaptulu" kaligi unna karapatraala shrenini ("bharatiya gruhaala kosam fly leaves") roopondinchaadu, ivi bhaaratadesamlo vistrutamgaa vyaapinchayi. genana choravaku anukuulamgaa vraayadaaniki, maatlaadataaniki kooda ayana prati avakaasaanni sadviniyogam chesukunnaru.
1855 fibravarilo bengaaleelo anargalamgaa matlade fordies sibbandilo atyanta samarthuraalaina miss elijah toogood genana sandarsanala paramparanu praarambhinchindi, ivi taruvaati edu nelallo moodu illalo konasagayi. icchina suuchanalaku entha manchi aadarana labhinchindante, eee kaalam mugise samayaniki aneka porugu kutumbaalaku chendina mahilalu oke inti genanalo kalavadaniki erpaatlu khararu cheyabadutunnayi. 1855 septembaru 7naa, fordies thana prayogam phalitaanni bengaul missionary samavesaniki nivedinchaadu, idhi "genana paatasaala pathakam asajanakamga praarambhamainanduku santoshinchindi, idhi purogatiki chihnamgaa mariyu mahilala pragatiki kotta maargamgaa undhi". appati nundi fordies yokka genana pani adhikaarika mission hodaanu pondindi mariyu "modata okati, taruvaata perugutunna nishpattilo, genana talupulu terichaayi".
thana bhaarya anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa, fordies 1856loe skaatlaandku tirigi vacchaadu, conny athani pathakaanni bharatadesam antataa pedda sankhyalo missionaryla bharyalu, mukhyamgaa haana catherine muellens ("genana apostaludu") thoo sahaa konasaaginchaaru. 1876 natiki okka kalakattaalone daadaapu 500 janana yaatralu jarigaayi, 1890loe bharatadesam antataa mottam 40,513 janana yaatrikulu unnaaru.
kraistava mantritva saakha.
1858loe fordies duns vadda uchita charchi mantrigaa niyamitulayyaaru, akkada athanu 1866loe cardiff vadda kottagaa erpadina presbyterian sanghaaniki pasterga pilavabade varaku unnadu. eee kaalamlo athanu vistrutamgaa prayaaninchi, bhaaratadesamlo charchi panulapai upanyaasaalu icchaadu mariyu ladys society traimaasika patrika "eastern fimales friend" nuu savarinchaadu (andulo athanu adhyakshudu ayyadu).
1870loe simla (seyint marks anie kooda pilustaaru) vadda kottagaa sthaapinchabadina aanglo-indian christian union charchi, edu protestant tegalaku sevalu andinchadaaniki, mariyu uttara bhaaratadesamlo union commissioner gaa baadhyatalu chepattadaaniki free charchi mission kamitee aayananu pilichindi, eee hodaalo athanu aaa praantaanni edu ministerial sarkyuutlugaa vibhajinchi paryaveekshinchaadu. mallii, fordies empikalo doctor duff keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru. simla vadda matasambandhamaina panulatho paatu, fordies samvatsaramlo challani ardhabhaagamlo airopavasulaku thotala vadda, railway sthaavaraalu mariyu paschimaana peshawar nundi thoorpuna kalakatta varaku sainika sthaavaraalalo seva chesaadu, alaage parvata tegala madhya mission paniloo taanu cheyagaliginadanta chesaadu. 1884loe eee pani nundi padavee viramana chesinappudu, gatha padnaalugu samvatsaraalalo 120,000 maillu prayaaninchinatlu ayana anchanaa vaesaaru.
taruvaata pani mariyu maranam.
britanku tirigi vachinappudu, rev. fordies aanglo-indian christian unionku pradhana karyadarshi mariyu koshadhikari ayyadu, ippudu dheeniki aanglo-indian evangelisation society anie paeru marcharu, athanu 1894 varaku alaage konasagaru.
athanu 1902 november 23naa cambridgelo maraninchaadu mariyu chestertonloni seyint andrew charchilo thana bhaaryatho khananam cheyabaddaadu.
vaarasatvam.
fordies prayogam taruvaata samvatsaraalalo bodhananu sweekarinche jananaala sankhya vaegamgaa perigindi mariyu vaari charchilu gatamlo pratyeka avasaranni gurtinchani avivaahita mahilaa missionarylanu churukuga niyaminchaaru-jananaala kosam matrame kakunda, janana pani paaschaatya vidya yokka saamaajika viluvanu bahirgatam cheyadaaniki sahaayapadatamtho mahilaa haajaru vipareetamgaa perigina prabhutva paatasaalallo bodhinchadaaniki kooda. 1876loe kaneesam 104 mandhi european mariyu american mahilalu, kondaru vaidya diplomalu kaligi unnaaru, bharatadesam antataa bodhistunnaru, mariyu fordies yokka deerghakaalika aasayam ("ghnaana deepaanni raajaala genanalaloki teesukuvelle chaalaa mandini surakshitam cheyadam"... mariyu vijayavantamaite, konni pramukha udaaharanalanu chaalaa mandhi anusaristaaru, mariyu madhyataragati vaari kumaartelanu prabhutva paatasaalaku pamputaaru ") neraverchadam dasalo undhi.
rikshanu prothsahinchadam.
charitrakaarudu pamela kanwar prakaram, "1880 loe bhaaratadesamlo rikshaalu kanipinchaayi, veetini modatisaarigaa simla loe rev pravesapettaaru. zhe. fordies ".
rikshanu prachuryam pondadamlo fordies paatra mulk raaj anand navala "cooley" (1936) loe prastaavinchabadindi, idhi daani aavishkaranaku tappugaa ataniki ghanata istundih "dhi rev. zhe. fordies, seyint yokka oka guruvu. victoria yugamlo athani samajam manassulalo talettina maranam mariyu gowravam yokka asoukarya aalochanalatho maark charchi chaalaa baadhapadindi. mariyu, thana manda aatmalu shareera asoukaryaalato badhapadakunda chuudataaniki chaalaa aandolana chendutuu, vaari vyaktulanu vaari banglala nundi charchiki mariyu charchi nundi vaari banglalaku ravana cheyadaaniki tagina vahananni bhadraparachadaaniki thana prayatnaalannintinii kendrikarinchadu. athanu rikshanu kanipettadu.anie.
"cooley" doggerel yokka konni shlokaalanu udaharinchindi, "" prajalu 
simla ippatikee thana adbhutamaina modalnu gurthunchukuntaadu ":
aaa modati riksha hood 
chadarapugaa mariyu anchutho kattirinchabadindi, 
montelpiece nundi velaadadeeyabadinatlu
chaalaa varaku berlin rangulo.
enabhaila praarambhamlo
gouravaneeyamaina fordies zhe. 
modati rikshanu kanugonnaru
mae nelaloo simla kosam.
vyaktigata jeevitam.
kalakattaaku fordies niyamakam athanu vivaham chesukunnappudu sharatulatho kuudinadi. marchi 1852 natiki athanu ishtapade abhyardhigaa unnadu, conny septembaru varaku athanu kingston-apon-hull kalapa vyapari kumarte vortley montague stevertnu vivaham chesukoledu. anduvalla athani vaduvu empika anedi raboye nirdishta savaalunu edurkovataniki lekkinchabadi undavacchu, ayithe oka sataabdam kritam ottoman saamrajyam yokka genanalalo chochukupoyina pramukha mahilaa yaatrikuraalu maerii vortley montagutho paerlanu panchukovadam dwara aame prothsaahaanni pondhi undavacchu. bahumati pondina" srimati fordies thana bhartha paniloo oka mukhyamaina bhagaswamy aame miss toogood mariyu aame sahayakudini genana mahilala prarambha sandarsanalalo parichayam chesindi, taruvaata aame aanglo-indian ladys union kaaryadarsigaa unnaaru.

