
chalana niyantrana chayachitrana

chalana niyantrana chayachitrana anedi sthira mariyu chalana chayachitranalo upayoginche oka saanketikata, idhi camera kadalikalanu khachitamaina niyantranaku veelu kalpistundi mariyu aichhikamgaa punaraavrutam cheyadaaniki kooda anumatistundi. pratyeka prabhaavaala photographyni sulabhataram cheyadaaniki dheenini upayoginchavacchu. eee prakriyaloo oke camera kadalikanu upayoginchi aneka amsaalanu chithreekarinchadam, aapai amsaalanu oke chitramgaa militam cheyadam vantivi untaayi. mishramaaniki sahaayapadataaniki chroma kii vanti itara prabhavalu tarachugaa chalana niyanthranatho paatu upayoginchabadataayi. chalana niyantrana camera riglu compositingtho ledhaa lekunda sthira photography kooda upayoginchabadataayi; udaaharanaku kadile vaahanaala sudeergha exposurelalo. neti computer saanketikata vividha parimaana amsaala kosam kadalikanu paiki ledhaa krindiki scale cheyadam vanti programme cheyabadina camera kadalikanu proses cheyadaaniki anumatistundi. eee prakriya yokka saadhaarana anuvartanaalalo aneka suukshmachitraalanu kalapadam ledhaa puurti sthaayi muulakaalatoe mishrama suukshmachitraalanu chithreekarinchadam vantivi unnaayi.
bhouthikamgaa nakilee cheyaleni moolakam yokka nakilee avasaramainappudu kooda eee prakriya saadhaaranamgaa upayoginchabadutundi; chalana niyantrana anedi camera kadalikatho kuudina shaat loe oke natudi yokka bahula sandarbhaalanu pradarsinche praathamika paddhati. eee saanketikata kosam, camera saadhaaranamgaa oke kadalikanu sarigga oke pradaesamloe chitreekaristundi, ayithe natudu ververu bhaagaalanu pradarsistaadu. prati takelo shaat yokka yea bhagalu bhinnamgaa unnayo compositorlaku suuchimchadaaniki konnisaarlu blanck take (shaat loe natudu lekunda) kooda teesukobadutundi. dheenini, saadhaarana chalanachitra nirmaana bhaashalo, "plate" shooting anie kooda pilustaaru.
neti chitramlo, shaatla digital taarumaaru cheyadaaniki ledhaa digital amsaalanu jodinchadaaniki kooda reference take upayogapadutundi. oka saadhaarana nakilee shaat oka moolakam yokka prati "coppy" nii screenloni oka bhaagaaniki parimitam chestundi. digital saanketikata dheenini saadhinchadaaniki sulabhataram chesinappatiki, nakilee muulakaalu maargaalanu daatinappudu shaatlanu kalapadam chaalaa kashtam. konnisaarlu eee saanketikatato aneka praathamika camera upaayaalu upayoginchabadataayi, udaaharanaku boddy double chetini natuditho sambhaashinchadaaniki oka shaat loki pravesinchadam, ayithe nakilee cheyi tera velupala undaali. compositing kosam, sannivesamloni nepathya amsaalu tekla madhya okela undaali, kadile edainaa lock cheyalsina avasaram untundi; itara shaatla madhya evaina vyatyaasaalanu parishkarinchadamlo khaalii reference take sahaayapadutundi.
aadhunika chalanachitramlo ilanti saanketikata oka camera shaat samayamlo daani khachitamaina kadalikanu record cheyadaaniki anumatistundi, tadwara adhe shaat kosam computer utpatti chesina muulakaala srushtilo kadalikanu computer dwara nakilee cheyavachu.
charitra.
drushyaala kosam namuunaa tayaareeni chitra parisramalo chalakalamga upayogistunnaru, conny oka namuunaa chaalaa chinnadigaa unnappudu adhi tarachugaa daani bhramanu kolpoyi "spashtamgaa oka namuunaa" avutundi. pedda namuunaanu nirminchadam dwara dheenini parishkarinchadam oka gandaragolaanni parichayam chestundih pedda namuunaalanu nirminchadam chaalaa kashtam mariyu tarachugaa sajavuga kadaladaaniki chaalaa pelusugaa untaayi. dheeniki parishkaram modal kakunda cameranu taralinchadam, mariyu compact telikapati 35 mimi kemerala agamanam yantra-niyantrita chalana niyantrananu saadhyaparichindi. chalana niyantranaku frame raetlu, phocus mariyu shutter vegam vanti itara photographic amsaalapai kooda niyantrana avasaram. frame raetlu mariyu feeled yokka lothunu marchadam dwara, namuunaalu vaastavaaniki unna daanikante chaalaa peddavigaa kanipistaayi mariyu camera kadalika yokka vegaanni tadanugunamgaa penchavacchu ledhaa tagginchavachhu.
laitlu mariyu veliginchina lakshyaala kadalikanu niyantrinchadaaniki sarvolaku anusandhaaninchabadina paatha anty-aircraft analog computerlanu (kerison predictor) upayoginchi zaan whitney aneka chalana paddhatulaku maargadarsakatvam vahinchinappudu chalana niyantranaku prarambha prayatnaalu jarigaayi. athani chitram "ketalog" (1961) mariyu athani sodarudu james whitney yokka chitram "lapis" (1966) rendoo zaan yokka maargadarsaka chalana niyantrana vyavasthatho saadhinchabaddaayi. 1968 chitram "rendu vidhaluga chalana niyantranaku maargadarsakam". chitram yokka namuunaa chayachitrana khachitamaina mariyu punaraavrutamayye camera mariyu namuunaa kadalikanu enable chese pedda yaantrika riglatho nirvahinchabadindi. eee chitram yokka mugimpu yaantrikamgaa niyantrita cheelika-skaan photographytho roopondinchabadindi, dheeniki oke framelanu bahirgatam chesetappudu khachitamaina camera chalana niyantrana avasaram. chalana niyantrana yokka modati pedda-sthaayi anuvartanam "starr wars" (1977) loe jarigindi, ikkada dikestraphlex anie piluvabade digital niyantrita camera sthira antariksha nauka namuunaala chuttoo sanklishtamaina mariyu punaraavrutamayye kadalikalanu pradarsinchindi. idhi antariksha nauka-yuddha shrenulalo, vidividigaa chithreekarinchina amsaalugaa (antariksha noukalu, nepathyaalu modalainavi) marinta sanklishtatanu kaliginchindi.) chaalaa takkuva lopamtho okadaanitoe okati baga samanvayam cheyavachu.
UKloe kadile chitra samstha modati aacharanaatmaka chalana niyantrana rignu kaligi undhi. 1981loe sontamgaa roopondinchi, nirminchina idhi, daani vividha kadalikalanu niyantrinchadaaniki imc operating systemnu upayoginchindi. empisi yokka mottamodati antargata vfx supervisor peater trukel, vijayavantamaina vaanijya prakatanala darsakudigaa vruttini konasaaginchadaaniki bayaludere mundu chaalaa samvatsaraalu dheenini nirvahinchaadu.
21va sataabdamloo computer-generated imagery yokka shakti mariyu sthomathalo ekakaalamlo perugudala, mariyu cgi nipunula chethitho pattukune camera moeshannu kooda nakilee cheyagala saamarthyam (match moving chudandi), praarambhamlo motion controll photography vadakanni takkuva saadhaaranam chesaayi. ayithe, chalanachitra nirmaatalu mariyu darsakulu prabhavalanu nammadagina mariyu vaastavika maargamlo saadhinchadaaniki chalana niyantrananu upayoginchadam valla vachhe kharchunu aadaa chese prayojanaanni grahinchaaru. cgi ippatikee photo-realisticga undataaniki kashtapadutondi, mariyu photo-realistic shaatlanu saadhinchadaaniki samayam mariyu kharchu pratyaksha charyanu chithreekarinche kharchunu minchipoyindi.
medium motion controlga 3dii punarujjeevanamtho, mukhyamgaa scale-setlalo 3dii nepathya plaetla utpattilo kooda mukhyamaina paatra poeshistumdi. adhika spashtata gala sthira cameralanu upayoginchi, nepathyaalanu live action mariyu cgi carrector animationtho marinta upayogam kosam sulabhamgaa chithreekarinchavachhu.

