
geodesic gopuram

geodesic gopuram anedi geodesic polyheadron aadhaaramgaa ardhagola sannani-shell nirmaanam (jaalaka-shell). gopuram yokka tribhujaakaara amsaalu nirmaanaparamgaa drudhamgaa untaayi mariyu nirmaanam antataa nirmaana ottidini pampinhee chestaayi, geodesic gopuraalu vaati parimaanaaniki chaalaa bhaarii bhaaraalanu thattukogalavu.
charitra.
modati geodesic gopuram modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata carle jees zena anae optical company yokka cheef injanir walther boursefeld chetha thana planetarium projectornu unchadaaniki planetarium kosam roopondinchabadindi. germanyloni genalo carle jees verke paikappupai dikerhoff mariyu wideman samstha oka prarambha, chinna gopuram patent chesi nirminchindi. dhi vandar off zena" anie piluvabade oka pedda gopuram, juulai 1926loe prajala kosam teravabadindi.
iravai samvatsaraala taruvaata, buckminster phular 1948 mariyu 1949loe block mountain collegelo kalakarudu kenneth snelsontho kshetra prayogaala nundi "geodesic" anae padaanni roopondinchaaru. phular asalu aavishkarta kaanappatikee, athanu yuu thoo ghanata pondaadu.ess. 1954 juun 29naa ayana andukunna aalochanaku prajaadarana labhinchindi. masaachusetslooni woods hollo unna phular swayamgaa nirminchina athi puraatana gopuram 1953loe moodu vaaraala paatu ayana aadhvaryamlo vidyaarthulu nirminchaaru.
bhougolika gopuram daani baruvuku chaalaa balamgaa unnanduna, daani "sarvavyaapta" uparitalam swabhavikamga sthiramaina nirmaanaanni andinchindi, mariyu oka golam athi takkuva uparitala vaisaalyaaniki atyadhika parimaanaanni kaligi unnanduna idhi marinta nindi undela chesindi.
1956loe kenadaalo nirminchina 21 suduura mundastu heccharika line gopuraalu, thamus sii roopondinchina 1958 union tank kaar company gopuram, louisianaloni batton roose sameepamlo nirminchaaru. howard off synergetics, ink. mariyu kaijar aluminium gopuraalu vanti pratyeka bhavanalu (us antataa aneka pradaesaalaloo nirminchabaddaayi, udhaa.zii., virginia beach, virginia), auditoriumlu, vaataavarana observatorylu mariyu nilva soukaryaalu. gopuram tvaralo kappabadina uparitalam, pariveshtita parimaanam mariyu nirmaana vegam kosam recordulanu baddalu kodutondi.
1954loe praarambhamaina yuu.ess. naavikulu helicopter-pampinhee cheyagala geodesic gopuraalato prayogaalu chesaaru. 30 adugula kalapa mariyu plaastik geodesic gopuram ettabadi, helicopter dwara 50 naatla vadda etuvanti nashtam lekunda teesukuvellabadindi, idhi milwaki chendina magnitium utpattula dwara praamaanika magnitium gopuram tayaareeki daariteesindi. pareekshalalo gatamlo sikshana laeni naavikulu 135 nimishaallo 30 adugula magnitium gopuraanni sameekarinchagalige assembly paddhatulu, helicopter vimaana vaahaka nauka nundi lift cheyadam mariyu oka mannika pareeksha, dheenilo oka langaru gummatam nashtam lekunda vijayavantamgaa nilabadi, oka langaru vimanam yokka janta 3,000 harspower enginela nundi oka roeju podavunaa propeller paeludu unnaayi.
oklahoma nagaramloni 1958 bangaaru gopuram, byaanku bhavanamgaa upayoginchadaaniki phular roopakalpananu upayoginchindi. maroe prarambha udaaharana 1962loe nirminchina notre daam vishwavidhyaalayamloni stepan center.
thamus sii roopondinchina 1964 newyork nagaramlo jarigina prapancha utsavaalaku pevilionga eee gopuram vistruta prekshakulaku parichayam cheyabadindi. howard off synergetics, ink. synergetics, ink yokka tii. sii. howard dwara punahroopakalpana cheyabadina taruvaata eee gopuram ippudu queens juu dwara flushing medos carona paarkulo pakshula samrakshanasaalagaa upayoginchabadutundi.
maroka gopuram montrial varald fair vadda expo 67 nundi vachindi, idhi american pevilionlo bhaagamgaa undedi. nirmaanam yokka cover taruvaata kaalipoyindi, conny nirmaanam ippatikee undhi mariyu biosphere paerutoe, prastutam seyint laurence nadhi gurinchi vivaranaatmaka museum undhi.
1970laloe, johnson ghanapadaarthaalu, archimedian ghanapadaarthaalu mariyu catalan ghanapadaarthaalu vanti itara rekhaganita ghanapadaarthaala aadhaaramgaa nirmaanaala kosam jomeworks licenses pranaalikalanu roopondinchindi. eee nirmaanaalu tribhujaakaaramlo laeni konni mukhalanu kaligi undavacchu, ivi chaturasraalu ledhaa itara bahubhujalu kaavacchu.
1975loe, dakshina dhruvam vadda oka gopuram nirminchabadindi, ikkada manchu mariyu gaali bhaaraalaku daani nirodhakata mukhyamainadi.
october 1,1982naa, atyanta prasiddha geodesic gopuraalalo okataina, floridaloni bay lekloni walt disney varald resortloni eptat vadda antariksha nauka bhoomi, orlaando velupala praarambhinchabadindi. bhavanam mariyu daani lopali prayaanaaniki buckminster phular yokka prasiddha padaalaloo okataina antariksha nauka bhoomi anie paeru pettaru, idhi bhoomipai andubaatulo unna parimita vanarula viniyogampai aandolana vyaktam chese prapancha drukpatham mariyu daanilo unna prati okkaroo goppa manchi kosam panichese saamarasyapuurvaka sibbandigaa vyavaharinchamani prothsahistundi. eee bhavanam mottam paarkunu soochinche escot yokka chihnam.
1986 prapancha utsavam (expo 86) kosam, buckminster phular prerepita geodesic gopuramnu expo yokka pradhana vaastusilpi bruno freshi roopondinchaaru, idhi utsavam yokka expo kendramgaa panichestundi. nirmaanam 1984loe praarambhamaindi mariyu 1985 praarambhamlo puurtayimdi. gopuram mariyu bhavanam ippudu kalalu, vignaana shaastram mariyu saanketika kendramgaa panicheestunnaayi mariyu dheeniki vignaana shaastra prapancham anie paeru pettaru.
2000loe, prapanchamlooni mottamodati puurtigaa sthiramaina geodesic gopuram hotel, ecocomp patagonia, chillion patagonialo nirminchabadindi, marusati samvatsaram 2001loe praarambhinchabadindi. hotel yokka gopuram roopakalpana eee praantam yokka balamaina gaalulanu nirodhinchadamlo keelakam mariyu idhi swadeshi kaveskar prajala nivaasaalapai aadharapadi untundi. geodomes kooda oka merupu (aakarshanheeyamaina camping) vibhagamga prachuryam pondutunnaayi.
nirmaana paddhatulu.
chekka gopuraalu oka strut vedalpulo randhram veyabadi untaayi. oka steinless steel byaand strut yokka randhraanni ukku gottaniki lock chestundi. eee paddhatitoe, stratlanu avasaramaina khachitamaina podavuku kattirinchavacchu. bahya plywood yokka tribhujaalu appudu stratlaku vrelaadadeeyabadataayi. gopuram diguva nundi paie varaku taaru kaagitam yokka aneka pradhana poralatho chutti, neetini chindinchadaaniki, mariyu shinglesto puurti cheyabadutundi. eee rakamaina gopuram tarachugaa hub-und-strut gopuram anie piluvabadutundi, endukante stratlanu kattadaniki ukku kendraalanu upayogistaaru.
phalakaala gopuraalu plyvudtho kappabadina vidigaa frame chesina kalapatho nirminchabaddaayi. tribhujaakaara chatramtho kuudina moodu sabhyulanu tarachugaa vividha tribhujaalaku chadunaina amarikanu andinchadaaniki sammelana koonaalaloo kattiristaaru. khachitamaina pradaesaalaloo sabhyula dwara randhraalu travvabadataayi mariyu ukku boltlu tribhujaalanu kaluputuu gopuram erpadataayi. eee sabhyulu tarachugaa 2x4luu ledhaa 2x6luu, ivi tribhujamlo marinta insulation saripoyela chestaayi. panelised technic builder surakshitamgaa neelapai ledhaa vaataavaranam nundi soukaryavantamaina dukaanamloo pani chestunnappudu plywood charmanni tribhujaalaku jodinchadaaniki anumatistundi. eee paddhatiki khareedaina ukku kendraalu avasaram ledhu.
vidyut vaahikatoe ukku chatraanni sulabhamgaa nirminchavacchu. okati strut yokka chivarana chadunu chestundi mariyu avasaramaina podavulo bolt randhraalanu drilling chestundi. oke bolt struts yokka sheershaanni bhadraparustundi. ginjalu saadhaaranamgaa tolaginchagala locking sammelanamtho amarchabadataayi, ledhaa gopuram portable ayithe, cotter pinn thoo castellated ginja kaligi undandi. adavi jimla kosam gopuraalanu nirminchadaaniki idhi praamaanika maargam.
gopuraalanu telikapati aluminium frameworktho kooda nirminchavacchu, veetini bolt cheyavachu ledhaa welding cheyavachu ledhaa marinta soukaryavantamaina nodal point/hub connectiontho anusandhaaninchavacchu. eee gopuraalu saadhaaranamgaa pii. vii. sii. copingto unchabadina gaajuto kappabadi untaayi, veetini silikanto moosivesi neeru biginchakundaa cheyavachu. konni namuunaalu double glazing ledhaa insulated panellanu frameworklo amarchadaaniki anumatistaayi.
concreetu mariyu nurugu-plaastik gopuraalu saadhaaranamgaa ukku framework gopuramtho praarambhamavutaayi, balopetam kosam chiken wire mariyu wire screentho chutti untaayi. chiken wire mariyu screen wire tailatho frameworku kattabadi untaayi. oka kotu padaartham appudu framepy challabadutundi ledhaa acchavutundi. concreetu ledhaa plaastik yokka saraina sthirathvaanni saadhinchadaaniki chinna chaturasraalato pareekshalu nirvahinchaali. saadhaaranamgaa, lopala mariyu velupala aneka kotulu avasaram. chivari dasha concreetu ledhaa polyester gopuraalanu neetini paaraveyadaaniki epoxy sammelanam yokka sannani poratho nimpadam.
konni concreat gopuraalu mundugaa tayaaru chesina, mundugaa amarchina, ukku-balaparichina concreat pyaanellatoe nirminchabaddaayi, veetini bolt cheyavachu. boltlu neetini paaraveyadaaniki chinna concreat kappulatho kappabadina ettaina bhandagaralalo untaayi. tribhujaalu ativyaapti chendutuu neetini sravistaayi. eee paddhatiloo tribhujaalanu chekka namuunaalatoe isuka namoonaalo achupettavacchu, conny concreat tribhujaalu saadhaaranamgaa chaalaa bhaareega untaayi, vaatini craintho unchaali. eee nirmaanam gopuraalaku baga saripotundi endukante yea pradaesam concreetu meeda neetini puudchiveesi, leak cheyadaaniki anumatinchadu. lohapu fastenerlu, keellu mariyu antargata ukku framelu podigaa untaayi, manchu mariyu tuppu nashtam nivaaristaayi. concreetu suuryudu mariyu vaataavaranaanni nirodhistundi. draftlanu nivaarinchadaaniki keellapai edho oka rakamaina antargata merupu ledhaa callingnu unchaali. 1963 cinerama gopuram precast concreat shatkonalu mariyu pentagonlatho nirminchabadindi.
sankalana tayari yantraalu anie kooda piluvabade chaalaa pedda, mobile "3dii printerlu" upayoginchi gopuraalanu ippudu adhika vegamtho mudrinchavacchu. filamentgaa upayoginche padaartham tarachugaa gaali inject chesina concreetu ledhaa closed-sell plaastik phome yokka oka roopam.
geodesic gopuram yokka sanklishtamaina jyaamitini batti, gopuram nirmaanadaarulu strut podavula pattikalu ledhaa "theega kaarakaala" paie aadhaarapadataaru. geodesic math und hou tuu yooj itt" loe, hyoog kenner ilaa vraasaaru, "golaakaara vyavasthalaku avasaramaina roopakalpana samacharanni kaligi unna theega kaarakaala pattikalu, chaalaa samvatsaraalugaa sainika rahasyaala vale bhadraparachabaddayi. 1966 natiki, "pramukha sains nelawari" nundi daadaapu 3 "ν" icosa bommalu annee puurti licensula circle velupala unna evarainaa konasagavalasi vachindi."(paejee 57,1976 sanchika). lloyd cohn yokka "dombook 1" (1970) mariyu "dombook 2" (1971) prachuranatho itara pattikalu andubaatulo vachayi.
gopuram gruhalu.
geodesic gopuram yuddhaanantara gruha sankshobhaanni parishkarinchadamlo sahaayapadutundani phular aasaabhaavam vyaktam chesaaru. idhi dimaxian house yokka rendu versionla kosam athani munupati aasalaku anugunamgaa undhi.
nivaasa bhougolika gopuraalu pani mariyu/ledhaa vinodam kosam upayoginche vaati kante takkuva vijayavantamayyaayi, ekkuvagaa vaati sanklishtata mariyu paryavasanamga ekkuva nirmaana kharchulu kaaranamgaa. vruttiparamaina anubhavagnulaina gopuram contractorlu, dorakadam kashtamgaa unnappatikee, unikilo unnaaru, mariyu tappudu prarambhalu mariyu tappudu anchanaalatho sambandham unna chaalaa kharchulanu tolaginchavacchu.
phular swayamgaa illinayisloni carbondale looni atavee pavuram mariyu cherry seyint muulaloe unna geodesic gopuramlo nivasinchaaru.
antariksham lanty parisrama tayaaru chesina gaali-pampinhee cheyagala utpattulugaa nivaasa gopuraalanu puurtigaa bhaavinchaaru. phular yokka sonta gopuram illu ippatikee undhi, aarr. buckminster phular mariyu anae hevelet gopuram, mariyu arbf gopuram nfp anae samuuham gopuram punaruddharinchadaaniki mariyu daanini jaateeya chaaritraka mylurayiga namodu cheyadaaniki prayatnistunnaayi. idhi chaaritraka pradaesaala jaateeya registerlo undhi.
1986loe, bayati vaipu balopetam cheyabadina kaankreetuku laminate cheyabadina polystyrene tribhujaalu mariyu lopali vaipu unna walboard kaligina gopuram nirmaana saanketikataku patent floridaloni american ingenuity off rockledgeku pradaanam cheyabadindi. nirmaana saanketikata gopuraalanu kitt roopamlo mundhe tayaaru chesi, inti yajamani dwara nirminchadaaniki anumatistundi. eee paddhati poralanu nirmaanamloo atyanta balamaina bhaagamgaa chestundi, ikkada poralu mariyu mukhyamgaa chaalaa chekkatho nirminchina gopuraalalo unna kendraalu nirmaanamloo balaheenamaina binduvu. idhi jalanirodhitamgaa undatam valla kooda prayojanam undhi.
itara udaaharanalu airopalo nirminchabaddaayi. 2012loe, naarvelooni oka paryaavarana gruhaniki aluminium mariyu gaaju gopuram gopuram kavarga upayoginchabadindi mariyu 2013loe austrialo gaaju mariyu kalapatho kappabadina gopuram nirminchabadindi.
chililo, geodesic gopuraala udaaharanalu, tent shaili geodesic gopuraalu ledhaa gaajuto kappabadina gopuraalugaa hotel vasati kosam takshaname sweekarinchabadutunnaayi. udaaharanalu ecocomp patagonia, chilly; mariyu elkvi domos, chilly.
pratikuulatalu.
gopuram gruhalu 1960la chivaralo mariyu 1970la praarambhamlo prajaadarana pondinappatikee, gruha vyavasthagaa, gopuram aneka pratikuulatalu mariyu samasyalanu kaligi undhi. gopuram gruhaala maajee pratipaadakudu, vaati gurinchi rendu pustakaalu ("gopuram pustakam 1" mariyu "gopuram pustakam 2") vraasi, aasraya prachuranalanu sthaapinchina lloyd cohn, vaati patla bhramalu paddadu, vaatini "telivainadi conny telivainadi kaadu" anie pilichadu.
athanu thana company websitelo jabita chesina eee krindi pratikuulatalanu perkonnaduh
off-dhi-shelf nirmaana samagri (udhaa.zii.plywood, strand board) saadhaaranamgaa deerghachaturasraakaara aakaralalo vastaayi, anduvalla deerghachaturasraalanu tribhujaalugaa kattirinchina tarvaata konni padaarthaalanu tolaginchaalsi untundi, idhi nirmaana vyayaanni penchutundi. agni nundi tappinchukovadam samasyaatmakamainadi; sankethaalu pedda nirmaanaalaku avasaram, mariyu avi khareedainavi. kodku anugunamgaa unde kitikeelu sampradaaya illalooni kitikeelu kante aidu nundi padihenu retlu ekkuva kharchu avtayi. kaarmikula samayam peragadam valla vruttiparamaina vidyut wiring kharchulu ekkuvagaa untaayi. yajamani-vairdu paristhitulu kooda khareedainavi, endukante gopuram nirmaanaaniki konni padaarthaalu ekkuva avasaram. vistarana mariyu vibhajana kooda kashtam. sahaja padaarthaalatho gopuraalanu nirminchadam asaadhyame kakapoyina kashtam, saadhaaranamgaa plaastik modalainavi avasaramavutaayani cohn paerkonnaadu.ivi suuryarashmiloo kalushitam avtayi mariyu ksheenistaayi.
gopuram lopala gaali stareekarana mariyu thema pampinhee asaadhaaranamainavi. paristhitulu chekka framing ledhaa antargata panellingnu twaragaa ksheenistaayi.
gopuram santruptikaramgaa vibhajinchadam kashtam kabatti gopyataku haamii ivvadam kashtam. sabdaalu, vaasanalu mariyu pratibimbimchae kaanti kooda mottam nirmaanam dwara teliyajeyabadataayi.
edainaa vakra aakaaramlo vale, gopuram upayoginchadaaniki kashtamgaa unde goda praantaalanu utpatti chestundi mariyu head room lekapovadam valla parimita upayogamtho konni paridheeya naela praantaanni vadilivestundi. vruttaakaara pranaalika akaaraalu deerghachaturasraalu andinche saadhaarana modularityni kaligi undavu. furnisherlu mariyu fittarlu chadunaina uparitalaalanu drushtilo unchukuni roopondinchabadataayi. bahya godaku vyatiraekamgaa praamaanika sophanu unchadam (udaaharanaku) phalitamgaa sopha venuka oka ardhachandram vrudhaa avutundi.
gopuram nirmaanadaarulu cutt-board sheeting materialnu (1960luu mariyu 1970laloe saadhaaranam) upayoginchi, gopuraalanu vaati aneka poralu kaaranamgaa varshaniki vyatiraekamgaa moosiveyadam kashtam. alaage, suuryudu aakaasam meedugaa kadulutunnappudu saadhaarana soura vaedi pratiroojuu mottam nirmaanaanni vangutundi kabatti eee poralu ottidiki lonavutaayi.
tadupari pattalu mariyu antargata soukaryavantamaina plastarwall finishlanu jodinchadam valla antargata finishlalo gamaninchabadutunna eee kadalika vaastavamgaa tolaginchabadindi.
chekka gopuramtho atyanta prabhaavavantamaina jalanirodhita paddhati gopuraanni kattirinchadam. gopuram paibhagamlo unna sikharaala kappulu, ledhaa manchu avarodhaaniki vaalu sariponi chota gopuram aakaralanu savarinchadaaniki upayogistaaru. oka mukka reinforced concreat ledhaa plaastik gopuraalu kooda upayogamlo unnaayi, mariyu konni gopuraalu plaastik ledhaa mainapu cardboard tribhujaalato nirminchabaddaayi, ivi neetini chindinche vidhamgaa ativyaapti chendutaayi.
buckminster phular yokka maajee vidyaarthi zhe. sarigga roopondinchina, baga nirminchina gopuram leak kaavadaaniki etuvanti kaaranam ledani, konni namuunaalu leak kaavu anie baldwyn nokki chepparu.
sambandhita namuunaalu.
balopetam chese tribhujaala namuunaala nundi chaalaa balamaina, sthiramaina nirmaanaala nirmaanam saadhaaranamgaa gudaram roopakalpanalo kanipistundi. idhi itara paarisraamika roopakalpanalo nairoopyamlo vartinchabadindi, conny nirvahana shaastram mariyu aalochanaatmaka nirmaanaalalo kooda sambhaavita roopakam vale, mukhyamgaa stafford biir paniloo, dheeni "transmigration" paddhati pratyaekamgaa gopuram roopakalpanapai aadharapadi untundi, prati charcha dasalo nirneeta sankhyalo matrame prajalu eee prakriyaloo paalgonavacchu.
atipedda geodesic gopuram nirmaanaalu.
ginnis prapancha recordula prakaram, mae 30,2021 natiki, jedda suupar gopuram, jedda, soudhi arabia (), prastuta atipedda geodesic gopuram.
2010loe buckminster phular institute prakaram, aaa samayamlo vyaasam prakaram prapanchamlooni 10 atipedda geodesic gopuralu
puurti sthaayi samsthala jabita ippudu thedhee cheyabadindi. tappipoyina ledhaa taruvaata nirminchina aneka mukhyamaina gopuraalu ippudu modati 10 loe unnaayi. prastutam, aneka geodesic gopuraalu 113 meterla kante peddavigaa unnaayi.

