
snanalu

bathornis ("podavaina pakshi") anedi uttara americalo sumaru 1 million samvatsaraala kritam nivasinchina aadhunika serimaalaku sambandhinchina antarinchipoyina pakshula vamsam. daggari sambandham unna mariyu antarinchipoyina forasrasidla maadirigaane, idhi egarani predator, ksheeradaala aadhipatyam unnatlu saastriiyamgaa pariganinchabade vaataavaranamloo dopidi goollanu aakraminchindi. idhi atyanta vaividhyamaina mariyu vijayavantamaina jaathi, idhi priyaboniyan eocene nundi burdigal miocene yugaala varaku pedda sankhyalo jaatulalo vyaapinchindi.
vivarana.
chaalaa padaarthaalu chaalaa asampuurnamgaa unnappatikee, "bathornis" anedi vividha asthipanjara muulakaala nundi telisindi venuka avayavalu (saadhaaranamgaa tarro-metatorsals), mundu avayava muulakaalu (mukhyamgaa humery), kati mariyu purrelu. "bathornis grallator" anedi purretho sahaa, chaalaa varaku puurti asthipanjaram nundi, anulomaanupaatamlo pedda, kattina mukkunu kaligi untundi. bathornithid rendava botanavelu prastutam teliyadu, conny modati botanavelu chaalaa varaku cariamiforms maadirigaane chaalaa takkuvagaa untundi, mariyu forasrasids maadirigaane idhi balamaina jugal mariyu taggina processus acrocoracoidus off caracoidnu kaligi untundi, rendu lakshanaalu vaati saaruupya jeevanasaili kaaranamgaa convergencelo abhivruddhi chendaayi.
mottammeeda, "bathornis" anedi podavaina kaallatho, chinna rekkalatho, pedda sculled pakshi, idhi forasrasids aakaaramlo untundi. daani aneka jaatulu aadhunika serimala vale pedda roopaala nundi 2 meterla podavaina jantuvula varaku shareera parimaanaala yokka pedda vaividhyaanni kaligi unnaayi.
vargeekarana.
"bathornis" anedi aadhunika serimaalaku sambandhinchina cariamiforms kutumbaaniki chendina bathornithidae rakam jaathi (eee sambandham daani modati vivarana nundi gurtinchabadindi) mariyu forasrasids, "strigogips" mariyu ideornithids vanti antarinchipoyina vividha roopaalu, australoves kuurpuloo bhaagamgaa falconlu, paaserinlu mariyu chilukalu kooda unnaayi. cariamiformlalo antar-nirdishta sambandhaalu atyanta asthiramainavi mariyu parishkarinchabadanivi, bathornithidlu konnisaarlu serima, forasrasidlu mariyu ideornithidlaku sodari vargeekaranagaa jabita cheyabaddaayi, konnisaarlu polyphylletic samuuhamgaa kooda.
idhi saadhaaranamgaa "paracrox" kuu sodari vamsamgaa pariganinchabadutundi, mariyu aneka adhikarulu "neocathortes" mariyu aneka itara vargaalanu daanitoe goodu kattinatlu bhaavistaaru (krinda chudandi). edemaina, kaneesam oka phylogenetic adhyayanam "paracrox" kante "bathornis" (mariyu daani paryaayapadaalu) nuu forasrasidlatho marinta daggari sambandham kaligi unnatlu punaruddharistundi, ayithe idhi akalamga pariganinchabadutundi mariyu chaalaa takkuva sinapomarphylapy aadharapadi untundi.
iteevali phylogenetic adhyayanalu cariamiforms lopala conny seerima mariyu forasrasidlanu compose chese clade velupala, bathornithidae yokka ekaika pratinidhigaa "bathornis" nuu kanugonnayi. "paracrox" bathornithidae velupala unnatlu kanugonabadindi, daani sthithi cariamiformsga anischitamgaa undhi.
aavishkarana mariyu paeru pettadam.
eee rakam jaatulu "bii". veredus, "daani rakam namuunaa denver mus. nott. hist. ledhu. 805, oka limb element (metatorsus yokka suduura bhaagam), phillip reheanter dwara weld county, kolarado yokka oligocene nikshepaala nundi tirigi pondabadindi, idhi catherted "phosmagips" nuu kooda prakatinchindi. alegzander wetmore modata vivarinchina eee pakshini aadhunika serimaalaku sambandhinchina "sedicnemidid" ("mandapati mokali" pakshulaku vyardhapu butta vargeekarana) gaa suuchistaaru, idhi bathornithine upakutumbaanni nirmistundi. daani pakkana vivarinchina rendu pakshulu, putative rollid "polyocrex" mariyu putative catharted "polyogyps", taruvaata bathornithid padaarthamgaa marai, rendodi mukhyamgaa "bii" kii paryaayapadamgaa untundi. veredus ".
eee pakshi daani aadhunika serima bandhuvulatho poliste bhareedigaa gurtinchabadindi, bahusha daani jaathi paeru "podavaina pakshi" pondadaaniki kaaranam. eee jaathi paeru, "veredus", dheeniki vivarana ivvabadaledu, ayithe idhi vaegaaniki sambandhinchina latin padam.
jaatulu.
"bathornis" adhika sankhyalo jaatulaku prasiddhi chendindi, mariyu antarinchipoyina ledhaa unikilo unna anni cariamiformlalo idhi atyanta pratyekamainadi. kaneesam aidu jaatulu sthiramgaa gurtinchabaddaayi, aneka ekaroopa vargeekaranalu tarachugaa eee jaatito samalekhanam cheyabadataayi ledhaa sthirapadina jaatulaku puurti paryayapadaluga untaayi. konni saanubhootigala jaatulu vaastavaaniki vividha lingaalu ledhaa maarflanu soochinche avakaasam unnanduna, konni heccharikalu suuchimchabaddaayi, ayinappatikee eee jaathi yokka vistaaramaina taatkaalika vyaapti ippatikee pedda vaividhyaanni andistundi.
"bathornis veredus".
rakam jaatulu, veeti aavishkarana mariyu vyutpatti paina perkonabadindi. idhi kolarado mariyu nebrascalo chadron erpadatam yokka eocene mariyu oligocene nikshepaala nundi telisindi. idhi bahula tibeotarsal padaarthaala nundi telisindi, idhi oka jantuvunu sumaruga aadhunika emu parimaanamlo chitreekaristundi, idhi "mana shilaja pakshulaki iteevali cherpulalo atyanta visaeshamainadi" anae varnananu sampaadinchindi."eee jaatiki chendina purre padaartham kooda telisinadi.
"bathornis karsar".
1933loe alegzander wetmore varninchina oka jaathi. ayithe idhi "bii" niksheepaalaloo sambhavistundi. veredus "mariyu parimaanamlo daani maadirigaane untundi", b. ayinappatikee troclea yokka aneka lakshanaala kaaranamgaa karsar "vibhinnamgaa pariganinchabadutundi. wetmore eee pakshini "adhe nikshepaala nundi" bathornis celeripes yokka pedda edition "gaa paerkonnaadu, conny prushtha vislaeshanha aaa vargeekarana nundi kooda balamaina vyatyaasaanni chooputundi, mariyu idhi gananeeyamgaa munupati niksheepaalaloo sambhavistundi.
"bathornis geographicus".
1942loe alegzander wetmore modatisaarigaa varninchina oka jaathi. dakshina dakota, nebrasca mariyu vyomingloni nikshepaala nundi eguva oligocene jaathi, bahusha "bii" yokka pratyaksha varasudu. veredus "swayamgaa. idhi "bii" kante pedda pakshi. veredus "mariyu" bii. karsar, "bahusha eee jaatiki chendina atipedda varninchabadina sabhyudu, mariyu idhi broolla nirmaanamloo idhe parimaanamlo unna" paracrox gigantia "thoo saha-unikilo undhi, ikkada idhi daanitoe mariyu" hynodon "vanti ksheeradaalato macropredatory paatranu panchukundi.
"bathornis facs".
modata rollid jaathi "polyocrex" nuu suuchistaaru (adhe kaagitamlo modata "bii" nii vivaristaaru. veredus, "takkuva kaadu), tadupari pareekshalo idhi" bathornis "kuu chendinadani telindi. idhi vaerae jaatini ledhaa "bii" yokka chinna roopaanni soochistundane daanipai kontha sandeham undhi. veredus ".idhi daani swantha swatantra jaathi ayithe, idhi aadhunika serima parimaanamlo atichinna roopaalalo okati.
"bathornis celeripes".
1958loe wetmore varninchina oka jaathi, dakshina dakota eguva oligocene nikshaepaalaku chendinadi. idhi daadaapu 16 namoonaalalo saapekshamgaa baga adhyayanam cheyabadindi, ekkuvagaa venuka avayavalaku, conny mundu avayavam mariyu bhujam nadumu padaarthaaniki kooda. idhi "bii" yokka chinna roopaantaramgaa varninchabadinappatikii. wetmore dwara karsar, idhi vaastavaaniki parimaanamlo daani maadirigaane untundi, ayinappatikee idhi inca pedda "bii" dwara marugujju cheyabadindi. geographicus mariyu pedda "paracrox" jaatulu, daanitoe sahajeevanam chesi undevi.
"bathornis fricky".
anni bathornithid jaatulalo athi pinna vayaskulalo okati, villo kreekloni prarambha myosene aricarian nikshepaala nundi tirigi pondindi. bii" thoo balamaina saaruupyata undhi. celeripse, mariyu kontamandi parisoedhakulu dheenini "bii" yokka pratyaksha puurveekulugaa bhaavistaaru. fricky ".
"bathern chinnadi".
bii" thoo nirdishtamaina jaathi. fricky, "daani samakaaleena nundi aneka vidhaluga bhinnamgaa unde ilanti tibiotarsus nundi prasiddhi chendindi.
"bathornis grallator".
"bii. grallator "anedi yoaming yokka chivari eocene washaki nirmaanam nundi telisindi; ilanti silaajaalu will wood nirmaanam nundi vivarinchabaddaayi, conny bathornithids matrame kakunda, cariamiformsga vaati sthithi aspashtamgaa undhi. modata bhoogola cathertidga ardham chesukunna stores olson 1985loe daanini "bathornis" kuu tirigi ketayincharu
neocathortes" yokka asalu vivaranhatho prachurinchabadina punarnirmaanam tarachugaa punarmudrinchabadindi mariyu ippudu "bhoogola raabandu" nuu avian polyontology yokka siddhaantamlo antarbhaagamgaa chesindi. sarae, marchipondi.
"neocathortes" anedi maroka musugulo mana paatha snehitudu "bathornis".
appati nundi, prushtha parisoedhakulu "neocathortes" nuu "bathornis" kuu juuniyar paryaayapadamgaa anchanaa veyadamlo viphalamayyaru, conny iteevali adhyayanalu dheenini eee jaatilo sthiramgaa suuchistunnaayi.
itara roopaalu.
chivari eocene mariyu oligocene nundi aneka varninchaleni avasheshaalu "bathornis" kuu ketayinchabaddayi.
polyobiology.
"bathornies" mottam podavaina mariyu saktivantamaina kaallatho pedda, bhusambandhamaina pakshulu. anni jaatulu kakapoyina chaalaa varaku egaranivigaa bhaavistaaru (bii. grallator saampradayakamgaa asthiramgaa pariganinchabadutundi, conny appati nundi egaranidigaa kanugonabadindi), bahusha eee vishayamlo "paracrox" kante kooda marinta pratyekata kaligi untundi, idhi damasha prakaram chinna rekkalu mariyu keelnu kaligi untundi, alaage caracoidlo taggina prosusus acrocoracoidiusnu kaligi untundi.
"bathornis" oka mamsahara pakshi. "bathornis grallator" mariyu "bathornis veredus" idhi forasrasids maadirigaane balamaina mukkunu kaligi undani, jugal yokka saaruupya upabalaanni kooda panchukuntundani, idhe vidhamaina kaatu ottillanu suuchistumdani choopistundi. bathornis" jaatulu pedda parimaanaalaku cherukunnanduna, avi vaati dakshina america forasrasid daayaadula vale vaati vaataavaranamloo agra mamsaharuluga unde avakaasam undhi; daggari sambandham unna "paracrox" thoo paatu, avi ksheeradaalato vijayavantamgaa pootii padagala pedda dopidi pakshulaku udaaharanalu, ivi 17 million samvatsaraalaku paiga pedda mamsahara ksheeradaalato sahajeevanam chesaayi.
polyoacology.
daani deerghaayuvu mariyu adhika sankhyalo jaatula kaaranamgaa, "bathornis" aneka rakaala paryaavaranaalalo vistarinchi undhi. ayithe, oka niyamam prakaram, daani telisina paridhi ippudu goppa mydaanaala chuttoo sambhavinchindi; idhi vetmorenu bahiranga maidaana vaataavaranaalaloo oka striderga oohinchataaniki prerepinchindihi bhoogarbha saastravettalu, andubaatulo unna saakshyaala nundi, uttara america anie teliyajestunnaru
oligocene kaalamlo takkuva upasamanamtho polchadagina sthaayilo undedi, tadwara ikkada charchinchabadutunna jaatulu vistrutamaina maidaanaalalo pravahistunnaayani manam oohinchavachhu.
ayithe, iteevali vislaeshanhalu idhi bahusha chittadi naela bayomlaku anukuulamgaa untundani nirdharinchaayi.
yea sandarbhamloonainaa, "bathornis" goppa ksheerada jantujaalamlo kanipistundi. "bii. karsar "megasseraps" mariyu "bii" latho sannihita anubandhamlo kanipistundi. geographicus "mericoidodone" thoo, idhi eee ksheeradaalapai vetaadadaanni suuchimchavachchu. idhi hynodantids, entellodants mariyu nimravids vanti aneka mamsahara ksheeradaalato, alaage thoti cariamiform "paracrox" thoo potipade daani paryaavaranaanni panchukundi. mukhyamgaa, idhi podi vaataavaranamloo sambhavistundi kabatti, rendodaanito samuchita vibhajanaku aadharalu undavacchu.

