
cuban americanlu

cuban americanlu (ledhaa "cubanoamericanos") anevaaru, jaathi ledhaa jaathi muulamtoe sambandham lekunda cuba nundi valasa vacchina ledhaa vaari nundi vacchina americanlu. cuban americanlu mexican americanlu mariyu puerto rican americanla taruvaata united stateslo moodava atipedda hysponic american samuuham.
united states antataa aneka metropolitan praantaalu gananeeyamaina cuban american janabhanu kaligi unnaayi. floridalo (2023loe 2 millionlu) united stateslo atyadhika cuban americanlu unnaaru. 12 laksala mandiki paiga cuban-americanlu mayami-dade counteeloo nivasistunnaaru, ikkada vaaru atipedda ekaika jaathi samuuham mariyu aneka munisipaalitiilaloo janabhalo ekkuva mandhi unnaaru. florida taruvaata california (114,702), newjersey (112,987), texas (108,183) mariyu newyork (85,478) unnaayi.
grater mayami yea metropolitan praantam kante atyadhika cuban americanla saandratanu kaligi undhi, taruvaata newyork nagaram; tampa, florida; union county mariyu uttara hudson, newjersey praantaalu, mukhyamgaa union city, elizabeth, west newyork, houseton, texas mariyu chikago, illinais unnaayi. 181, 250 janaabhaato, newyork metropolitan praantam yokka cuban community florida velupala atipeddadi. cuban americanlalo daadaapu 70 saatam mandhi floridalo nivasistunnaaru.
valasalu.
prarambha valasalu.
louisiana konugolu mariyu 1819 audums-onis oppandaaniki mundu, spanish florida mariyu mississippi nadiki paschimaana gulph teeramlo unna speyin yokka itara aastulu cuba kepten general yokka pravinsulugaa undevi. paryavasanamga, chivariki united statesnu yerparuchukune praantaalaku cuban valasalaku sudeergha charitra undhi, idhi 1565loe spanish valasarajyala kaalamlo seyint settlement prarambhamainappudu praarambhamaindi. pedro menendez dii aviles mariyu vandalaadi spanish sainikulu mariyu vaari kutumbaalu cuba nundi seyint kuu valasa vellinappudu augustein sthaapinchabadindi. kotta jeevitaalanu sthaapinchadaaniki augustin.
vaelaadi cuban sthiranivaasulu kooda 1778 mariyu 1802 madhya louisianaku mariyu spanish paalana kaalamlo texasku valasa vacchaaru. 1820 nundi, cuban uniki 1,000 mandiki paiga undhi. 1870loe cuba valasadaarula sankhya daadaapu 12,000kuu perigindi, veerilo 4,500 mandhi newyork nagaramlo, 3,000 mandhi nyuu orleenslo mariyu 2,000 mandhi keelaka paschimaana nivasinchaaru. eee udyamaalaku kaaranaalu aardhika mariyu raajakeeya rendoo, ivi 1860 taruvaata teevrataram ayyayi, spanish mahanagaramtho sambandhaalu ksheeninchadam phalitamgaa valasalalo raajakeeya amsaalu pradhana paatra poeshinchaayi.
1869 cuba nundi united statesku valasa vellina atyanta mukhyamaina kalalalo okadaaniki naandi palikindi, idhi mallii keelaka paschima praantampai kendrikrutamai undhi. vandalaadi mandhi kaarmikulu, vyaapaaravaettala valasalu pogaaku thayaareetho mudipadi unnaayi. kaaranaalu chaalaa unnaih spanish palanaku vyatiraekamgaa padeella yuddham praarambhamlo aardhika, raajakeeya mariyu saamaajika asaantini edurkonna dveepam yokka bhavishyattu gurinchi anischiti, daani pradhana market, united statesku atyanta pratyaksha praapyata, snaff yokka vistarana yokka marinta aadhunika paddhatulanu pravesapettadam. idhi naipunhyam kaligina kaarmikula valasalu, khachitamgaa dveepamlooni taragati baanisa aardhika vyavastha madhya uchita kaarmika rangaanni sthaapinchadamlo vijayam saadhinchindi.
cuban kaarmika shakti dwara snaff tayari, 1869 mariyu 1900 madhya keelaka paschima deshaalaku atyanta mukhyamaina aadaaya vanarugaa maarindi.
1880loe 720 mandhi nivaasitulu unna cubanla balamaina valasalatho, 1890loe 5,532 mandiki cherukunna tampa atuvanti prayatnaalaku jodinchabadindi. ayithe, 1890la rendava bhaagamlo cuban valasa janabha ksheeninchindi, endukante andulo oka mukhyamaina bhaagam swaatantryam kosam pooraadataaniki dveepaaniki tirigi vachindi. eee yuddham cuban valasadaarulanu american samaajamlo vileenam cheyadaaniki dohadapadindi, vaari sankhya gananeeyamgaa undih 12,000 mandiki paiga.
cuban americanla janabha marosari perugudalanu edurkondi, cuban valasa ala united statesku raavadamtho, cubanlu dakshina sarihaddu vadda 300 vaela saarlu addaginchabaddaaru.
kii west mariyu tampa, florida.
19va sataabdam madhya nundi chivari varaku, aneka sigar tayaareedaarulu perugutunna kaarmika mariyu raajakeeya samasyala nundi dhooramgaa undataaniki tama karyakalapalanu keelaka paschima praantaalaku marcharu. chaalaa mandhi cuban sigar kaarmikulu anusarinchaaru. cuba samskrutini parirakshinchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki cuba prabhutvam keelaka paschimaana oka vyaakarana paatasaalanu kooda sthaapinchindi. akkada pillalu jaanapada paatalu, cuba jaateeya geetam "laa bayamesa" vanti deshabhakti shlokaalanu neerchukunnaaru.
1885loe, vicente martinez yobar kaarmika kalahalu nundi tappinchukovadaaniki thana sigar karyakalapalanu keelaka paschimam nundi floridaloni tampa pattanaaniki marchadu. yabor nagaram oka savarinchina company pattanamgaa roopondinchabadindi, idhi twaragaa keelaka paschima mariyu cuba nundi vaelaadi mandhi cuban kaarmikulanu aakarshinchindi. west tampa, maroka kotta sigar tayari sangham, 1892loe sameepamlo sthaapinchabadindi mariyu vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi. eee communityla madhya, tampa bay praantam yokka cuban janabha kevalam oka dasaabdamloo floridalo daadaapu aemee laeni nundi atipeddadigaa perigindi, mariyu mottam nagaram 1885loe sumaru 1000 mandhi nivaasitula graamam nundi 1900 natiki 16,000 mandiki perigindi.
cuba chivaraku swaatantryam pondadamlo yabor nagaram mariyu paschima tampa rendoo keelaka paatra poeshinchaayi. floridanu chalasarlu sandarsinchina jose maarti vanti viplavakaarula nundi prerana pondina tampa-area cubanlu mariyu vaari saanubhootigala poruguvaaru dabbu, parikaraalu mariyu konnisaarlu vaari jeevitaalanu "cuba librey" kosam viraalamgaa icchaaru. spanish-american yuddham taruvaata, kontamandi cubanlu tama swasthalaaniki tirigi vacchaaru, conny chaalaa mandhi uslone undataaniki enchukunnaaru.ess. dveepamlo samvatsaraala tarabadi jarigina poraataala valla sambhavinchina bhouthika mariyu aardhika vinaasanam kaaranamgaa.
itara prarambha taramgaalu (1900-1959).
cubacu valasa vellae aneka itara chinna alalu.ess. idhi 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo jarigindi (1900-1959). chaalaa mandhi florida mariyu eshaanya yuu loe sthirapaddaaru.ess. aaa kaalamlo vacchina 100,000 cubanlalo ekkuva mandhi saadhaaranamgaa aardhika kaaranaala valla vacchaaru (1929 mahaa maandyam, asthira chakkera dharalu mariyu valasa vyavasaya kaarmika oppandaalu), conny sainika niyantrutvam nundi paaripotunna batista vyatiraeka saranaarthulu unnaaru, idhi anukuula yuu kaligi undhi.ess. dautya sambandhaalu. 20luu mariyu 30laloe cuba nundi yuu kuu valasalu.ess. bhuubhaagam, pradhanamgaa newyork mariyu newjerseylo udyogaalu vetukutunna kaarmikulanu kaligi undhi. aaa samayamlo aaa praantamlooni itara valasadaarula maadirigaane vaarini kaarmika valasadaarulu mariyu karmikuluga vargeekarinchaaru. aaa vidhamgaa modati dasaabdamloo 40,149 mandiki paiga valasa vacchaaru, dheenini yuu prothsahinchaaru.ess. aaa samayamlo valasa soukaryaalu mariyu 30la chivari natiki 43,400 kante ekkuva.
tadanantaram, cubalo 40 mariyu 50 laloe desheeya paristhiti mariyu yuu rendinti kaaranamgaa united statesku cubanla pravaham hecchutaggulaku guraindi.ess. valasa vidhanalu, alaage antaraaya valasa vyatiraeka bhavana. aaa samvatsaraallo cuba valasalalo, kaarmikulatoe paatu, desham vidichi videshaalalo nivasinchagala janabhalo oka chinna samuuham kooda undhi. yuu.ess. cuban burjuwa vargam mariyu samaajamlooni madhyataragati prajalu tama pillalanu paatasaalaku pampadaaniki, selavulu teesukoovadaaniki mariyu chinna mariyu madhya taraha vyapaaraalanu sthaapinchadaaniki vaari mooladhanamlo kontha bhaganni teesukuraavadaaniki ishtapade gamyasthanamgaa pariganinchaaru.
1958loe united stateslo adhikarikamga namodu cheyabadina cuban janabha vaarasulatoe sahaa sumaru 1,25,000 mandhi. veetilo, 1959 viplavam taruvaata 50,000 kante ekkuva mandhi united stateslo migilipoyaru.
1959 anantara viplavam (1959-prastutam).
1959loe fidel castro netrutvamloni cuban viplavam taruvaata, kotta prabhutvam soviet uniontho pottu pettukoni communismnu pravesapettadam praarambhinchadamtho cuban nishkramana praarambhamaindi. viplavam taruvaata americaku vacchina modati cubanlu maajee niyanta fulgencio batistatho anubandham unnavaaru, taruvaata cuba nipunulu. samyukta raashtraalaku vacchina chaalaa mandhi cuban americanlu modatlo cuba rajadhani havanalo kendrikrutamai unna cuba yokka vidyaavantulaina unnata mariyu madhyataragati vargaala nundi vacchaaru. latin americalo cuba atyanta vijayavantamaina deshaalalo okatigaa marinappudu plaat savarana taruvaata kaalamlo eee madhyataragati udbhavinchindi. december 1960 mariyu october 1962 madhya 14,000 mandiki paiga cuban pillalu ontarigaa yuu. ess. kuu vacchaaru.ess. tama pillalanu vidya kosam konni soviet kootami deshaalaku pampabotunnarani vaari tallidandrulu bhayapaddaru, veelainanta twaragaa vaarini raashtraalaku pampinchaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru.
eee karyakramanni operation peater paan (operasian pedro paan) anie pilicheevaaru. pillalu mayamiki vachinappudu vaarini catholic swachchanda samsthala pratinidhulu kalusukunnaru mariyu vaari tallidandrulu cubanu vidichipettenta varaku vaariki edainaa unte bandhuvulatho kalisi nivasinchadaaniki pampabaddaaru ledhaa pempudu gruhalu, anaathaashramaalu ledhaa boarding paatasaalalaku pampabaddaaru. 1965 nundi 1973 varaku, friedam flights anie piluvabade maroka valasa ala undhi. iteevala vacchina cuban valasadaarulaku sahayam andinchadaaniki, united states congress 1966loe cuban sardubaatu chattanni aamodinchindi. cuban saranaarthula karyakramam $1.3 biliyanlaku paiga pratyaksha aardhika sahayanni andinchindi. vaaru praja sahayam, vaidya samrakshana, uchita aangla korsulu, scholarshiplu mariyu takkuva vaddii kalaasaala runaalaku kooda arhulu.
konni byaankulu anushangika ledhaa runaalu laeni, conny vyapara runam pondadamlo sahayam pondina bahishkrutulaku runaalu ivvadamlo mundanja vaesaayi. eee runaalu chaalaa mandhi cuban americanlaku nidhulanu bhadraparachadaaniki mariyu vaari swantha vyapaaraalanu praarambhinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi. cuban yaajamaanyamloni vyaparalu mariyu takkuva jeevana vyayamtho, mayami, florida mariyu union city, newjersey ("hudson meeda hawanah" anie piluvabadedi) chaalaa mandhi valasadaarulaku ishtapade gamyasthanaalugaa undevi mariyu tvaralo cuban-american samskrutiki pradhana kendraalugaa marai. rachayita lisandro perez prakaram, 1960laku mundu mayami cubanlaku pratyaekamgaa aakarshanheeyamgaa ledhu.
1959loe cuba bahishkrutula nishkramana varaku mayami oka ishtapade gamyasthanamgaa maaradam praarambhinchaledu. mayami-dade kounteelooni westchester, united stateslo cubanlu mariyu cuban americanlu atyanta janasaandrata kaligina praantam, taruvaata rendava sthaanamlo hialia undhi.
cuban americanlu tama nivasamga chesukunna mayami, tampa mariyu union city vanti sanghaalu, phalitamgaa vaari sthaanika samskruti yokka vantakaalu, fyaashan, sangeetam, vinodam mariyu sigar tayari vanti amsaalalo lothaina saamskrutika prabhavanni chavichusai.
1980luu.
1980la praarambhamlo mariel boat liftlatho cuba valasala yokka maroka pedda ala (125,000 mandhi prajalu) sambhavinchindi. marilitos" loe ekkuva mandhi aardhika stabdata nundi tappinchukovaalanukune prajalu.
fidel castro cuba samajanni subhraparachadam mariyu americanu vishapuuritam cheyalane dwandwa uddesyamto cuba jailla nundi neerugaa 20,000 mandhi nerasthulanu, alaage cuba manasika samsthala nundi maanasikamgaa anaarogyamtho unna vyaktulanu pampaadu. aaa prajalanu yuu. ess. prabhutvam "aamodayogyam kaadu" anie mudra vesindi, kalakramena, aneka charchala dwara cubacu tirigi pampabadindi.
1990la madhya nundi 2000la varaku.
1990la madhya nundi, "tadi paadaalu, podi paadaalu" vidhananni amalu chesina taruvaata valasa vidhanalu marai. chaalaa mandhi cuban valasadaarulu cuba yokka dakshina mariyu paschima tiiraala nundi bayaluderi meksikoolooni eucaton dveepakalpaaniki vacchaaru; chaalaa mandhi aila mujereslo adugupettaru. akkadi nundi cuba valasadaarulu texas-mexico sarihadduku velli aasrayam pondaaru. mayamilo kutumbam laeni chaalaa mandhi cubanlu hyoostanlo sthirapaddaaru; idhi hyuustan yokka cuban-american samajam parimaanamlo peragadaaniki kaaranamaindi. dummugala adugu" anae padam cubanlu yuu kuu valasa velladaanni suuchistumdi.ess. mexico dwara. 2005loe homeland security vibhagam texas gundaa vellae prati dry phut cubannu nirbandhinche vidhananni vidichipetti, chaalaa mandhi cubanlu takshana perol pondadaaniki anumatinche vidhananni praarambhinchindi.
texasku vachhe cuban valasadaarulaku sahayapade agency ayina casa cubanu sthaapinchina cuban valasadaaru ayina georg ferragut, 2008 vyaasamlo 21va sataabdam modati dasaabdamloo chaalaa mandhi cuban valasadaarulu raajakeeya samasyalaku badulugaa aardhika kaaranaala valla vellipoyaarani chepparu. october 2008 natiki mexico mariyu cuba mexico dwara cubanla olasalanu nirodhinchadaaniki oka oppandaanni roopondinchaayi.
iteevali samvatsaraalalo, puerto rico chattaviruddhamgaa united states cherukovadaniki prayatnistunna cubanlaku pradhana drop-off payintga maarindi. oka yuu gaa.ess. commonwealth, puerto rikonu khandantara yuu cherukovadaniki prayatnistunna cubanlaku oka mettu rayiga chuustaaru.ess.puerto rico aneka cubanlaku nilayam ayinappatikee.
cuban americanla janabha marosari perugudalanu edurkondi, cuban valasa ala united statesku raavadamtho, cubanlu dakshina sarihaddu vadda 300 vaela saarlu addaginchabaddaaru.
valasa vidhanam.
1980laku mundu, cuba nundi vacchina saranaarthulandarinii raajakeeya saranaarthulugaa united statesku swaagatinchaaru. idhi 1990laloe maarindi, tadwara cubanlu matrame yuu cherukuntaaru.ess. mattini "tadi paadam, podi paadam vidhanam" kinda aasrayam istaaru. yuu yokka bigimpunu suuchistuu.ess. immigration palasi, vet phut, dry phut palasi ippatikee cubanlaku itara valasadaarulatoe poliste pratyeka sthaanaanni andistundi.ess. eee pratyeka hodha cuban americanlu mariyu itara laatino pourulu mariyu united statesloni nivaasitula madhya kontha gharshanaku muulam, idhi sampradaayavaada cuban americanlu anusaristunna vibhina videsanga vidhana prayojanaala valla kalige udriktatanu penchutundi. cuban valasalu kooda chattabaddhamaina yuu andinchina cubanla ketaayinchina sankhyatho (samvatsaraaniki 20,000) konasaagutaayi.ess. veesa.
oka U prakaram.ess. 1970 janabha lekkala nivedika prakaram, mottam yaabhai rashtraallo cuban americanlu unnaaru. conny taruvaata janabha lekkala nivedikalu pradarsinchinatlugaa, cuba valasadaarulalo ekkuva mandhi mayami-dade counteeloo sthirapaddaaru. 1990la chivaralo cuba nundi valasalu mandaginchadam praarambhinchaayi. intalo, rendava taram cuban americanlu chinna hawanah vanti pattana enclavela nundi bayataku vacchi westchester vanti suburban praantaalalo sthirapaddaaru, ayithe aaa pattana praantaalalo itara latin american deshaala nundi valasa vachinavaaru nivasinchaaru.
1999 chivarilo, yuu.ess. mayamiloni thana bandhuvulu mariyu cubaloni thana tandriki madhya custody yuddhamlo chikkukunna aarella cuban baaludu elean gonzalez kesupai vaartaa media drushti pettindi. baaludini americaku teesukuraavadaaniki prayatninchina baludi talli chanipoyindi. april 22,2000naa, immigration enforcement agentlu elean gonzaleznu adupuloki teesukunnaru. gonzalez thana tandritho kalisi jeevinchadaaniki cubacu tirigi vacchaadu.
janavari 12,2017naa, adhyakshudu barak obama tadi paadaalu, podi paadaala vidhananni ventane nilipivestunnatlu prakatinchaaru. cuba prabhutvam cuba jaateeyula tirigi ravadanni angeekarinchindi. 2014loe united states-cuban karigimputoe praarambhinchi, vidhanam mugimpu gurinchi oohinchadam cuban valasadaarula sankhya peragadaaniki daariteesindi.
janabha.
2000 janabha lekkala prakaram cuban americanlu unnaaru, 2010 janabha lekkala prakaram akkada 1,785,547 (sthaanika mariyu videshee janminchinavaaru) unnaaru, mariyu mottam latinolalo 3.5% mariyu US janabhalo 0.58% praatinidhyam vahistunnaaru. cuban americanlalo 983,147 mandhi cubalo videshaalalo janminchaaru mariyu 628,331 mandhi yuu.janminchindi. 16 laksala mandiloo 415,212 mandhi meeru kaadu.pourulu. 2013 acs loe, cuban americanlu unnaaru. 2010 US janabha lekkala prakaram cuban americanlalo 85 saatam mandhi swetajaateeyulugaa gurtinchabaddaaru. iteevali 2012 cuban janabha lekkala prakaram dveepam janabha 64.12% tella, 26.62% mulatto, 9.26% nalla, mariyu 0.1% asean. dheeni ardham, chaalaa anchanaala prakaram, swethajaatheeyulu kaani vyaktulu cuba american janabhalo cuba kante takkuva nishpatti kaligi unnaaru. ayithe, chaaritraatmakamgaa newyork/newjersey praantamloo sthirapadina mishrama-jaathi cuban samaajamtho poliste floridaloni pedda cuban samajam marinta tellagaa undhi.
puurveekulu.
cuban americanla puurveekulu pradhanamgaa spaniards mariyu aafrikanlaku chendinavaaru, alaage carabian mariyu florida yokka sthaanika prajala nundi marinta suduura puurveekulu. 18va, 19va mariyu 20va sataabdam prarambha bhaagamlo, cubacu (castilianlu, basquelu, connerianlu, kaataalanlu, aandalusiyanlu, austourianlu mariyu galicianlu) spanish valasalu alalu undevi. connerianlu louisiana nundi venejuvelaaku carabian vembadi unna aneka deshaalaku valasa vacchaaru. conny cuba anedi latin american samskruti, idhi connery dveepavaasula valasala dwara ekkuvagaa prabhaavitamaindi (vaaru cubalo chakkera utpattini abhivruddhi chesaaru), mariyu cuban spanish connery dveepaalaku daggaragaa undhi. connery dveepavaasulanu itara spanish-cubanlu andhavisvaasulugaa, conny kashtapadi panichesevaarilaa kooda chuusaaru. haiti tellajati janabhalo kondaru (french) 18va sataabdam praarambhamlo haiti swaatantrya yuddham taruvaata cubacu valasa vacchaaru. alaage, lebanon mariyu paalastiinaa vanti madhyapraachya praantaala nundi vividha rakaala prajala nundi chinna conny gananeeyamaina jaathi pravaham vastundi.
turkey nundi sephardi yoodulu mariyu polland, germany mariyu russia nundi ashkenazi yoodulatho sahaa aneka deshaala nundi yoodula gananeeyamaina pravaham kooda undhi, mukhyamgaa prapancha yuddhaala madhya. britanlu, italianlu, germanlu, sweedanlu mariyu hangeriyanlu itara europeanlu kooda sahakarinchaaru. chaalaa mandhi chaineeyulu oppanda karmikuluga cubacu vacchaaru mariyu chaalaa mandhi chainees cubanlu floridaaku bayaludaerinanduna vaaru gatamlo paschima ardhagolamlo atipedda chinatown anie pragalbhalu palikaru.
atyadhika cuban janabha kaligina yuu. ess. metropolitan praantaalu.
cubanla atyadhika janabha eee krindi metropolitan praantaalalo undhi (moolamh janabha lekkalu 2023):
yuu.ess. cuban puurveekula adhika saatam prajalu unna sanghaalu.
cuban puurveekulu anie cheppukune atyadhika saatam mandhi prajalu unna agra 25 yuu. ess. communitylu (ivanni floridalo undagaa, agra 22 mayami-dade counteeloo unnaayi):
yuu.ess. cubalo janminchina atyadhika nivaasitulu unna sanghaalu.
"mottam 101 communityla kosam, icchina suuchananu chudandi."
top 20 yuu.ess. cubalo ekkuva mandhi nivaasitulu janminchina communitylu (ivanni mayami florida praantamloo unnaayi):
2023 american community survey prakaram, uslo cuba nundi 1,800,900 valasadaarulu unnaaru, nivaasam unna agra counteelu
2017-2021 american community survey prakaram, uslo cuba nundi 1,313,200 valasadaarulu unnaaru, nivaasam unna agra counteelu
samskruti.
ekikarana.
chaalaa mandhi cuban americanlu cuban prabhaavaalato sahaa american samskrutilo tamanu taamu vileenam chesukunnaru.
cuban americanlu mottam 50 rashtraallo nivasistunnaaru, washington, dii.sii. mariyu puerto rico, 1960laloe vaelaadi castro vyatiraeka saranaarthulanu kooda andukundi. 1980la nundi, cuban americanlu "little hawanah" mariyu hialia nundi mayami yokka madhyataragati shivaaru praantaalu kendall mariyu doral vanti vatiki, alaage marinta sampannamaina pagadapu gables mariyu mayami sarassulaku maararu. kotta cuban saranaarthulathoo paatu aneka mandhi kotta dakshina mariyu madhya americanlu, floridalo (fort lauderdale, orlaando, tampa bay mariyu west paam beach) marekkadaina makaam marchina cuban americanla sthaanamlo desavyaaptamgaa chellacheduruga unnaaru. ayinappatikee, cubanlu ippatikee floridalo ekkuvagaa kendrikrutamai unnaaru, idhi ekikarananu nemmadistundi; 2010 janabha lekkala prakaram, cuban americanlalo 68 saatam mandhi ippatikee floridalo nivasistunnaaru.
iteevala, louisville, kentucky, uttara carolina, cotty, texas mariyu downey, california yokka parisoedhanaa tribhuja praantam vanti pradaesaalaloo kotta cuban american communityla gananeeyamaina perugudala undhi; taruvaati nagaram ippudu janabhalo 1.96% thoo paschima united stateslo cubanlu mariyu cuban americanla rendava atyadhika saataanni kaligi undhi.
cuban americanlu mayamilo vyapaaraalanu sthaapinchadamlo mariyu raajakeeya prabhavanni pempondinchadamlo chaalaa vijayavantamayyaaru. cuban americanlu kooda vidyaasamsthalu, vyaparam, natana, rajakeeyaalu mariyu saahityamto sahaa american jeevitamlooni aneka rangaalaku sahakarinchaaru mariyu palgonnaru.
gatha 15 samvatsaraalalo, vamsapaaramparyampai prapanchavyaaptamgaa aasakti peragadam valla, cuban vamsapaaramparya shaastram cuban americanlaku pradhana aasaktigaa mariyu kutumba parisoedhana parisramalo perugutunna vibhagamga maarindi. idhi cuban mariyu valasarajyala muulaalanu parirakshinchadam dwara sammilitam chesindi, adhe samayamlo american samskruti mariyu viluvanu kooda sweekarinchindi.
matam.
cuban americanlu ekkuvagaa roman kaathalikkulu, conny kontamandi cubanlu saampradaaya african mathamtho catholic mataanni kalapadam dwara udbhavinchina samanvaya mataalanu (santaria ledhaa ifa vantivi) aacharistaaru. yoodu mariyu muslim cuban americanla yokka chinna sankhyalo samanvayavaadi, mataparamaina ledhaa chinna sanghaalato aneka protestant (pradhanamgaa pentecostal) cubanlu kooda unnaayi. cubalo protestant udyamam spanish-american yuddham taruvaata chaalaa mandhi americanlu cubacu vachinappudu praarambhamaindi.
bhasha.
itara laatinola maadirigaane, 18 ellalopu 69 saatam cubanlu intlo aanglam kakunda vaerae bhasha matladataru. 18 ellu paibadina cubanlaku, intlo inglish kakunda vaerae bhasha matlade saatam 89 saataaniki perigindi, idhi itara latino samoohaalalo 80 saatam kante ekkuva.
18 samvatsaraala kante takkuva vayassu unna cubanlalo kevalam 12 saatam mandhi matrame chaalaa baga kante takkuva aanglam matladataru, idhi itara latino samoohaalalo 20 saatam kante chaalaa takkuva. cuban-americanlalo daadaapu sagam mandhi vaaru spaanishlo ekkuva praaveenyam kaligi unnaarani suuchistumdagaa, cuban-americanlalo daadaapu 60 saatam mandhi aanglamlo praaveenyam kaligi matladataru. cuban-americanlalo 36 saatam mandhi tamanu taamu dwibhasha bhashaga bhaavistaaru. intlo spanish bhashanu upayoginchadaaniki chaalaa mandhi cuban-americanlu enchukovadam cuban-americanlu tama jaathi vaarasatvaanni konasaginchalane korikatho anusandhaanistundi. chaalaa mandhi cuban-americanlu american samskrutilo kontha viliinaaniki siddhamgaa unnappatikee, chivariki vaaru ippatikee tama sonta sampradaayaalu mariyu drukpathaalanu kaligi unna pratyaekamaina vyaktula samuuhamgaa bhaavistaaru.
aaharam mariyu paaneeyam.
cuban aaharam vaividhyamainadi, ayithe biyyam pradhaanamainadi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa bhojanam mariyu raatri bhojanamlo vaddistaaru. itara saadhaarana vantakaalu "arroz cohn pooloo" (chiken mariyu biyyam), "paan cohn bistech" (steak sandwitch), "platanos maduros" (teepi arati), "lechon asado" (pandhi maamsam), "yuca" (kasava ruut), "flan", "batido dii maame" (maame milk shake), boppayi mariyu jamapappu payst.
oka saadhaarana bhojana pradhaanamainadi cuban sandwitch (konnisaarlu "mixto" sandwitch anie pilustaaru), idhi cuban rottepai nirminchabadindi mariyu 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo cuba mariyu florida (mukhyamgaa yabor nagaram) madhya prayaaninchina sigar kaarmikulalo srushtinchabadindi mariyu praamaaneekarinchabadindi.
cuban pizza versionlalo rotte untundi, idhi saadhaaranamgaa mruduvugaa untundi, mariyu junnu, toppings mariyu saas untaayi, idhi adobo mariyu goya ullipaya vanti sugandha dravyaalato tayaaru cheyabadutundi. picadillo, tamota, aakupaccha miriyalu, aakupaccha olive mariyu vellullitho veyinchina ground goddu maamsam maroka prasiddha cuban vantakam. dheenini nalla beans mariyu biyyam, mariyu oka vaipu veyinchina, pandina aratipandlatho vaddinchavachhu.
paaneeyaalu.
cuban-american samaajamlo cuban coffey prachuryam pondindi. cubanlu tarachugaa cafe cubano tagutaru cafecito (ledhaa kolada) anie piluvabade oka chinna kappu coffey, idhi saampradaaya espresso coffey, chakkeratho tiyyagaa untundi, daani paina espumita anie piluvabade chinna nurugu untundi. palanu jodinchadam kooda prachuryam pondindi, dheenini chinna kappuku cartadito ledhaa pedda kappuku cafe cohn leche anie pilustaaru. alaage, oka cartadito 50 saatam paalu mariyu 50 saatam coffey, ayithe oka cafe cohn lechlo coffey kante ekkuva paalu untaayi (sumaru 75 saatam/25 saatam).
oka saadhaarana sheetala paaneeyam meterwa, idhi yerba mait thoo tayaaru cheyabadina cuban soda. jupina, airanbir mariyu kaavee lemon-lime anevi cubalo udbhavinchina sheetala paaneeyaalu. castro shakam nundi, avi mayamilo kooda utpatti cheyabadutunnayi. itara prasiddha cuban paneeyalalo gwarapo dii kaanaa unnaayi.
cuban muulam yokka prasiddha paaneeyam cuba librey, idhi cuban rumm mariyu cola, saadhaaranamgaa coca-cola mariyu mojitos misramam.
rajakeeyaalu.
1950la nundi republican party yokka communist vyatiraeka videsanga vidhana vedika kaaranamgaa, 2010la prarambham varaku, cuban americanlu chaaritraatmakamgaa prajaasvaamya kante ekkuva republicanga undevaaru. bay off piggs dandayaatra viphalamavadamtho chaalaa mandhi cubanlu democratic partypai apanamakam vyaktam chesi, zaan ephnu nindinchaaru. 1961 bay off piggs dandayaatranu nirvahinchinanduku kennedy. cuban bahishkrutulu republican party off floridatho pottu praarambhinchaaru. floridalo, cuban-american congress sabhyulu republicanga undevaaru, pratinidhi ileana rose-lehtinen (jooe garsia, oka prajaasvaamyavaadi, dheeniki minahaayimpu) thoo praarambhamavutaaru. republican paarteelo cubanla unikini 2016 adhyaksha pootii dwara highlight chesaaru, indulo yuu.ess. senatorlu pramukha abhyardhulugaa cruze mariyu marco rubeoni empika chesaaru, veeriddaroo cuban santatiki chendinavaaru. conny newjerseylo, chaalaa mandhi cuban americanlatho unna maroka rashtram, cuban-american congress sabhyulu prajasvaamyavaadulugaa unnaaru, udaaharanaku, pratinidhi albio sairs mariyu senator baab menendez. soviet communism mariyu fidel castro madhya america mariyu africaku "viplavam egumati" anie pilavabade (miameelo reegan anae paeru gala veedhi undhi), mariyu georg doubleu. kuu vyatiraekamgaa nilabadinanduku cuban-american samaajamlo ronald reegan mukhyamgaa prachuryam pondaadu. bush cuban-american otlalo 75 mariyu 78 saatam (2000 mariyu 2004loe varusaga) pondaaru. cuban-american lobby kooda cuban americanlaku mukhyamaina kaaranaalapai rendu paarteelanu lobbying chesindi.
iteevali samvatsaraalalo, cuban-american ootu paarteela madhya marinta poteegaa maarindi. 2008 united states adhyaksha ennikalaloo, democrat barak obama floridalo cuban-american otlalo 47 saatam pondaaru. bendixen egjit poles prakaram, 84 saatam mandhi miami-dade cuban-american otarlu 65 ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unnavaaru zaan mccainku maddatu icchaaru, ayithe 29 ledhaa anthakante takkuva vayassu unnavaarilo 55 saatam mandhi obamaku maddatu icchaaru. 2012loe, barak obama floridalo cuban-american otlalo 49 saatam pondagaa, edison research exits pole prakaram mitt romneeki 47 saatam otlu vachayi. 2014 vasantakaalam natiki, democratic party abhyardhulaku praadhaanyata ichhe cuban american otarlalo eee dhorani perigindi, mukhyamgaa 18-49 vayassu gala yuva otarlaku, yuva ootar janaabhaaku 56 saataaniki perigindi, 50 ellu paibadina cuban-american otarlaku vyatiraekamgaa prajaasvaamya abhyardhulaku 39 saatam praadhaanyata undhi. 2012 united states adhyaksha ennikalaloo, barak obama kante mitt romneeki ekkuva maddatu labhinchindi. 2016 united states adhyaksha ennikalaloo donald trump communitylo adhe sthaayi maddatunu pondaaru, fluoridian cuban-american otlalo 50-54 saataanni sampaadinchaaru, hilarii clintonku 41-48 saataaniki viruddhamgaa, kontamandi cuban americanlu obama yokka cuba vidhaanampai asantrupti chendaaru, idhi cuban prabhutvamtho videshee sambandhaalanu punaruddharinchindi.
floridalo 2020 united states adhyaksha ennikalaku sambandhinchi, yuva cuban americanlatho trump thana maddatu sthaayini penchukunnaaru. ennikalanu tippikottadaaniki prayatninchina trump mariyu aaa taruvaata yuu. ess. paie daadi chesina taruvaata.ess. janavari 6,2021naa, "videsanga vidhanam" nivedika prakaram, mayamiloni cuban americanlu athani kutra siddhaantaalanu atyanta teevramgaa vishwasinchevaarilo unnaarani aaropinchindi. philipino americanla venuka 2021 janavari 6naa jarigina rajadhani allarla kosam arrestu cheyabadina 2va atipedda tellajati kaani jaathi samuuham cuban-americanlu.
saamaajika aardhikasaastram.
mea kosam madhyastha gruha aadaayam.ess.-cuban americanlalo janminchina vaari viluva $57,000, idhi mottam yuu kante ekkuva.ess. madhyastha kutumba aadaayam $52,000.
edemaina, videshaalalo janminchina cuban americanla sagatu vaarshika vyaktigata aadaayam $25,000, idhi us janabha kante $30,000 takkuva. cuban-americanlalo sumaru 20 saatam mandhi pedarikamlo jeevistunnaru, latinolalo 25 saatam mariyu hysponic kaani americanlalo 16 saatam mandhi unnaaru. sagatu cuban-american sagatu laatinoonu adhigaminchagala saamarthyam cuban-americanlaku paedarikaanni nivaarinchadaanni sulabhataram chestundi. chaaritraatmakamgaa, cuban-americanlu kooda yuu. ess loe vaari "saranaarthi" hodha kaaranamgaa ekkuva prayojanaalanu pondaaru.ess. valasa vidhanam. 1966 cuban american chattam andinchina eee prayojanaalu, cuban-americanlu aardhika addamkulanu adhigaminchadaaniki sulabhamaina samayanni aasvaadinchadaaniki anumatinchaayi.
vidya.
mea madhya.ess.-cuban americanlalo janminchina vaarilo 36 saatam mandhi kalaasaala degree ledhaa anthakante ekkuva kaligi undagaa, mottam uslo 30 saatam mandhi unnaaru.ess. janabha. videshaalalo janminchina cuban americanlalo 27 saatam mandhi kalaasaala degree kaligi unnaaru. idhi yuu kante ekkuva.ess. latinolo janabha (14 saatam) conny mottam yuu kante takkuvagaa undhi.ess. janabha. pyuu parisoedhanaa kendram prakaram, 1990 taruvaata united statesku valasa vacchina 25 ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unna cuban-americanlu atyadhika graduation retunu kaligi unnaaru, idhi 26 saatamgaa undhi. idhe dayta prakaram, 1980 kii mundu united statesloki pravesinchina 25 ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unna cuban-americanla graduation raetu 24 saatam undagaa, 1980 mariyu 1990 madhya pravesinchina vaari graduation raetu 13 saatam. 1980 nundi 1990 varaku graduation raetu ksheenataku kaaranam valasadaarulalo afro-cubanlu undatam, cubalo vyavasthaagata asamaanatala kaaranamgaa saadhaaranamgaa aneka praantaalalo marinta paelavamgaa ishtapadataaru. cuban-americanlalo daadaapu sagam mandhi kaneesam haiskool diploma kaligi unnaaru.
pramukha cuban americanlu.
america congress loe.
padhi cuban americanlu prastutam united states congresslo panicheestunnaaru. florida nundi padakondu cuban-american us pratinidhulu, newjersey mariyu newyork nundi iddaru mariyu texas, ohiyo mariyu west varjeeniyaala nundi okkokaru ennikayyaaru.
mugguru united states senatorlu
eduguru united states pratinidhuluh
maajee congress sabhyulu
rashtra prabhutvamlo.
cuban americanlu rashtra sthaayilo chaalaa vijayalu saadhinchaaru. cuban-american saasanasabhyulu desamlo marekkada kante ekkuva sthaanaalanu kaligi unna floridalo, prajaasvaamya anukuula, castro vyatiraeka mariyu shavez vyatiraeka chattalu tarachugaa prothsahinchabadathaayi mariyu aamodinchabadataayi, ayithe rashtraalu videsanga vidhananni nirdesinchalevu. cuban americanlu pedda sankhyalo kendreekrutam kaani rashtraallo kooda vaaru mukhyamgaa newjerseylo vijayalu saadhinchaaru, ikkada union city, elizabeth mariyu nevaarklalo kendreekrutamaina chinna minority unnappatikee, vaaru apaaramaina raajakeeya vijayaalanu saadhinchaaru.
floridalo
marylandlo
nyuu hampshire loeh
newjerseyloo
newyorklo
kanektikatlo
nevadalo
virginialo
edwardo agurair (aarr) georg doubleu loe united states egumati-digumati byaankuku vais chairmanga panicheesaaru. bush paripalana mariyu taruvaata department off homeland security krinda immigration mariyu naturalization services directorga niyaminchabaddaaru. 2006loe, edwardo agurre speyinlo america rayabariga niyaminchabaddaaru. cuban americanlu white house cheef off staff zaan hetch thoo sahaa itara unnata sthaayi prabhutva udyogaalaku kooda panicheesaaru. sununu (aarr) mauricio claver-caron inter-american development byaank adhyakshudiga panicheestunnaaru.
floridaaku chendina vyaapaaravaetta mariyu cuba bahishkruta elviro sanchez thana kutumbam yokka pandla thotala nundi vachhe aadaayaanni pettubadi pettadam dwara thana bahula million dollarla sampadanu sampaadinchaadu. dakshinaadi rashtraallo atyanta takkuva sthaayi daatalalo ayana okaru.
nyaayasthaana sthaanaalu
kooda chudandi.
general