dhara sameekarana udaaharanalu

parinaamam mariyu sahaja empika siddhaantamlo, dhara sameekaranam tallidandrulu mariyu pillala janabhapai aneka ganaanka kolatala madhya konni sambandhaalanu vyaktam chestundi. eee kolatalanu ardham chesukovadamlo sikshana lekunda, dhara sameekaranam yokka ardham chaalaa apaaradarsakamgaa untundi. takkuva anubhavam unna vyaktiki, eee ganaanka kolatalu janaabhaaku vartinchetappudu vaati gurinchi sahajamaina avagahana pondadaaniki mariyu dhara sameekaranamlo vyakteekarinchina vidhamgaa vaati madhya sambandhaanni pondadaaniki saralamaina mariyu nirdishta udaaharanalu chaalaa mukhyamainavi.
drushti yokka parinaamam.
saralamaina dhara sameekaranaaniki udaaharanagaa, drushti parinaamaaniki oka namuunaanu pariganinchandi. z" "i" anedi oka jeevi yokka drushya teekshanhatanu koliche vaastava sankhya anie anukundam ". z" "i" takkuva viluva kaligina jeevi kante ekkuva "" z "" i "unna jeevi merugaina drushtini kaligi untundi". atuvanti jeevi yokka fitness "doubleu" ii "=" jedd "ii" anie anukundam, antey adhi entha ekkuva drushtigalado, adhi entha fitga untundo, antey adhi antha ekkuva pillalanu utpatti chestundi. 3 rakaalato kuudina maatru janabha yokka eee krindi vivaranhatho praarambhinchandih ("i" = 0,1,2) drushti viluvalu "z" "i" = 3,2,1 thoh
sameekaranam (4) nuu upayoginchi, pillala janabha suutram _ 1 ("z" "i" aksharam maaradu anie bhaavisthe; antey, "z" "i" = "" z "" i "")
janabhalo sagatu drushya teekshanhata entha perigindo ledhaa taggindo telusukovalanukuntunnam. sameekaranam (3) nundi, maatru janabha yokka sagatu drushti "z" = 5/3. pillala janabha yokka sagatu drushti "z" = 2, tadwara sagatu drushti loe maarpu
idhi janabhalo drushti lakshanam perugutondani suuchistumdi. (diguva upayoginchina covarians suutram pradhana sravanti paatyapustakaalalo saadhaaranamgaa upayoginche praamaanika covarians suutram kaadani gamaninchandi. eee sandarbhamlo dhara yokka sahasambandham yokka nirvachanam kosam sameekaranam (2) nuu chudandi.) mana vadda unna dhara sameekaranaanni vartimpajeyadam ("z" "i" = "z" "i" nundi):
sikil sell raktaheenata yokka parinaamam.
dynamic saripotundani oka udaaharanagaa, sikil sell raktaheenata kesunu pariganinchandi. prati vyaktiki rendu rakaala janyuvulu untaayi, oka samuuham tandri nundi vaarasatvamgaa, okati talli nundi. sikil sell anaemia anedi oka rakta rugmata, idhi oka nirdishta jatha janyuvulu rendoo 'sikil-sell lakshanam' kaligi unnappudu sambhavistundi. empika dwara maanava janabha nundi sikil-sell janyuvu tolaginchabadaledu, endukante sikil-sell lakshanaanni mosukelle janyuvulalo okati matrame unnappudu, aaa vyakti ("carrier") malariaku atyanta nirodhakatanu kaligi untaadu, ayithe sikil-sell lakshanaanni mosukelle janyuvu laeni vyakti malariaku gurayye avakaasam untundi. dheeni gurinchi dhara sameekaranam emi chebutundo chuddam.
z" "i" = "" i "anedi" "i" "rakam jeevulu kaligi unna sikil-sell janyuvula sankhya anie anukundam, tadwara" "z" "i" = 0 ledhaa 1 ledhaa 2. janabha laingikamgaa punarutpatti chestundi mariyu mattings rakam 0 mariyu 1 madhya yaadrucchikamgaa unnayani anukundam, tadwara 0-1 mattings sankhya "" n "0" n "1/(" "n" 0 + "" n "1) mariyu" "i"-"" i "mattings sankhya" "n" 2 "i"/[2 ("" n "0 +" "n" 1)], ikkada "" i "= 0 ledhaa 1. prati janyuvuku edainaa biddaku sankraminche avakaasam okatinnara anie anukundam mariyu prarambha janabha" n "i" = ["n" 0 ", n" 1 ", n" 2 ", n" 2 ". bii" anedi janana raetu ayithe, punarutpatti tarvaata untundi
0 rakam yokka bhinnam "a" punarutpatti chestundani anukundam, nashtam malaria kaaranamgaa undhi. type 1 yokka anni rakaala punarutpatti chestayani anukundam, endukante avi malariaku nirodhakatanu kaligi untaayi, ayithe type 2 loe yea okkati kooda punarutpatti cheyadu, endukante vaarandarikee sikil-sell raktaheenata untundi. appudu fitness gunakaalu
δ "z" = 0 yokka samathoulya sthithitho, samathoulyam vadda janabhalo vahakalu yokka ekagrata "n" 1 nuu kanugonadaaniki, saadhaarana dhara sameekaranam upayoginchabadutundih
ikkada "f" = "n" 1/"n" 0. appudu samathoulyam vadda, "f" anie anukundam
sunna kaaduh
maroe maatalo cheppalante, vahakalu mariyu vahakalu kaani vaati nishpatti paina perkonna sthiramaina sunna kaani viluvaku samanamga untundi. malaria lenappudu, "a" = 1 mariyu "f" = 0, tadwara sikil-sell janyuvu janyu pool nundi tolaginchabadutundi. malaria edainaa unte, "a" aikyata kante takkuvagaa untundi mariyu sikil-sell janyuvu konasaagutundi.
anantamaina (samathoulyam) taram kosam paristhiti samarthavantamgaa nirnayinchabadindi. dheeni ardham dhara sameekaranaaniki sambandhinchi dynamic suppreciency undani, mariyu adhika kshanaalaku takkuva kshanaalaku sambandhinchina sameekaranam undani. udaaharanaku, rendava kshanaalu
linga nishpattulu.
2-linga jaatulalo ledhaa 1 mariyu 2 lingaalato kuudina demlo formula _ 11, formula _ 12, formula _ 13 anedi lingam 1 yokka saapeksha pounahpunyam. endukante anni vyaktulaku prati lingaaniki oka parent untaaru, prati lingam yokka fitness itara lingam sankhyaku anulomaanupaatamlo untundi. suutram 16 mariyu suutram 17 vanti anupaata sthiraamkaalu suutram 14 mariyu suutram 15 nuu pariganinchandi. eee drushtaamtamlo, "a" anedi oka purushudu matrame maga mariyu aparimita sankhyalo aadapillalu unte vaariki unde pillala sankhya, ayithe "b" anedi oka streeki aame matrame aada mariyu aparimita sankhyalo magapillalu unte unde pillala sankhya. idhi suutram _ 18 mariyu suutram _ 19 nuu istundi, kabatti suutram _ 20. anduvalla, suutram _ 21 tadwara suutram _ 22.
maroka drushtaamtamlo, prati streeki garishta sankhyalo pillalu untaaru (suutram _ 23), tadwara prati taraaniki suutram _ 24 pillalu srushtinchabadataaru, mariyu prati purushudu samaana sankhyalo pillalaku baadhyata vahistaadu, tadwara suutram _ 25, ikkada suutram _ 26 mariyu suutram _ 27 varusaga aada mariyu maga mottam sankhya. eee sandarbhamlo, linga nishpatti suutram _ 28 vadda sthirapadutundi.
parivartanaseelata yokka parinaamam.
rendu rakaala aaharaanni kaligi unna vaataavaranam undani anukundam. α anedi modati rakamaina aaharam yokka mottam mariyu β anedi rendava rakamaina mottam anukundam. oka jeevi oka nirdishta aaharaanni upayoginchukovadaaniki anumatinche oke yugmavikalpam kaligi undani anukundam. yugmavikalpam naalugu janyu roopaalanu kaligi untundih "a" 0 ", a" m "," b "0, mariyu" b "m". oka jeevi yokka oke aahara janyuvu "a" rakaniki chendinadi ayithe, appudu jeevi "a"-aaharaanni matrame upayoginchukogaladu, mariyu daani manugada α kii anulomaanupaatamlo untundi. adevidhamgaa, oka jeevi yokka oke aahara janyuvu "bii" rakaniki chendinadi ayithe, appudu jeevi "bii"-aaharaanni matrame upayoginchagaladu, mariyu daani manugada β kii anulomaanupaatamlo untundi. "a" "0" "mariyu" "a" "m" "rendoo" "a" "-samaantaraalu, conny" "a" "0 janyuvu kaligina jeevulu" "a" "0-janyuvulatho santaanaanni utpatti chestaayi".
a" "m" janyuvu kaligina jeevulu, vaati "" n "" santhaanamlo, ("" n "-3" "m") "a" "m" janyuvutho santaanam, mariyu migilina moodu janyu rakaala "m" jeevulanu utpatti chestaayi ". adevidhamgaa, "b" 0 mariyu "b" m "rendoo" b "-samaantaraalu, conny" b "0 janyuvu unna jeevulu" b "0-janyuvulatho matrame santaanaanni utpatti chestaayi, ayithe
bii" "emm" janyuvu kaligina jeevulu "bii" "emm" janyuvutho ("enn"-3 "emm") santaanaanni mariyu migilina moodu janyu rakaala "emm" jeevulanu utpatti chestaayi ".
i" = 0,1,2,3 varusaga "a" 0 ", a" m "," b "0, mariyu" b "m" janyuvulatho anubandhinchabadina suuchikalu avtayi. ij" anedi prati rakam-"i" jeeviki utpatti cheyagala aacharaneeya rakam-"j" jeevula sankhya anukundam. w" "ij" maatrika ilaa untundih ("i" varusalanu suuchistumdi mariyu "j" niluvu varusalanu suuchistumdi)
aahara sarafara α mariyu β sthiramgaa unnappudu utparivartanakaarulu pratikuulamgaa untaayi. avi maarpuleni janyuvulatho poliste prati taraanni kolpotayi. conny aahara sarafara maarutunnappudu, utparivartanakaarulu "a" ledhaa "b" kaani utparivartanakaarito poliste kolpoinappatiki, deerghakaalamlo vaaru vaati kante takkuvagaa kolpovachhu, endukante, udaaharanaku, α takkuvagaa unnappudu "a" rakam chaalaa kolpotundi. eee vidhamgaa, "uddesapurvaka" mutation kosam enchukovachhu. idhi janyu sankethamlo unna anavasaratanu vivarinchavacchu, dheenilo konni amaino aamlalu dnalo okati kante ekkuva kodanla dwara encode cheyabadataayi. kodaanlu oke amaino aamlaalanu utpatti chesinappatiki, avi dna yokka parivartanaseelatapai prabhavam chuuputaayi, veetini konni paristhitulalo anukuulamgaa ledhaa vyatiraekamgaa enchukovachhu.
parivartanaseelatanu pravesapettadamto, gurtimpu verses vamsam anae prasna talettutundi. pillala janyu alankaranatho sambandham lekunda, oka vyakti kaligi unna pillala sankhya dwara fitness kolustaaru, ledhaa fitness anedi oka nirdishta janyuroopam yokka pillala/tallidandrula nishpatti?. fitness anedi oka lakshanam, phalitamgaa, dhara sameekaranam rendintinee nirvahistundi.
utparivartana janyuvula parinaamaanni pariseelinchaalanukuntunnaam anukundam. z"-skornu ilaa nirvachinchandih
maroe maatalo cheppalante, mutator kaani janyuvulaku 0, mutator janyuvulaku 1. unnaayi
rendu kesulu
paropakaara parinaamam.
paropakaaraaniki janyu siddhata yokka parinaamaanni adhyayanam cheyadaaniki, paropakaaraanni pravartanaku janyu siddhatagaa nirvachistaaru, idhi vyakti yokka sagatu fitnessnu penchutuu, vyaktigata fitnessnu taggistundi. modata oka saadhaarana namuunaanu perkonadam, dheeniki saadhaarana dhara sameekaranam matrame avasaram. oka namuunaa sameekaranam dwara oka fitness "doubleu" ii "nii perkonandi
ikkada "z" "i" anedi paropakaaraaniki kolata, "az" "i" padam samuuham patla paropakaara kaaranamgaa oka vyakti yokka fitness taggadam mariyu "bz" anedi oka vyakti patla samuuham yokka paropakaara kaaranamgaa oka vyakti yokka fitness perugudala.
a" mariyu "b" rendoo sunna kante peddavani anukundam. dhara sameekaranam nundih
ikkada varr ("z" "i") anedi "z" "i" yokka vaividhyam, idhi kevalam "z" "i" yokka sahasambandham matrameh
eee namuunaa dwara, paropakaaram konasaagadaaniki adhi samuuham antataa ekareetigaa undaalani chudavachu. rendu paropakaara rakalu unte samuuham yokka sagatu paropakaaramu taggutundi, mariyu ekkuva paropakaaramu takkuva paropakaaraaniki kolpotundi.
ippudu puurti dhara sameekaranam avasaramayye samuuhaala sopaanakramaanni oohinchandi. janabha samuhaluga vibhajinchabadutundi, suuchika "i" thoo label cheyabadutundi, aapai prati samuuhaaniki suuchika "j" dwara label cheyabadina upa samuuhaala samiti untundi. aaa vidhamgaa vyaktulu rendu suuchikala dwara gurtinchabadataru,
"i" mariyu "j", avi yea samuuham mariyu upa samuuhaaniki chendinavo paerkontaayi. "n" "ij" "anedi" "ij" "rakam vyaktula sankhyanu perkontundi". z" "ij" anedi samuuham "i" yokka sabhyula patla samuuham "i" yokka vyaktigata "j" dwara vyakteekarinchabadina paropakaara sthaayiga undanivvandi ". oka namuunaa sameekaranam dwara fitness "w" ij "nuu perkontamuhu
a z" "ij" "anae padam paropakaarigaa undatam dwara jeevi kolpoye fitness mariyu
sabhyula patla vyaktaparichae paropakaara "z" ij "sthaayiki anulomaanupaatamlo untundi.
thana sonta samuuham. bz" "i" anae padam anedi jeevi daani samuuhamlooni sabhyula paropakaaram nundi pondhe fitness, mariyu samuuham daani sabhyula patla vyaktam chese sagatu paropakaaram "z" "i" kii anulomaanupaatamlo untundi ". mallii, paropakaara pravartananu (dweshapurita pravartana kakunda) adhyayanam cheyadamlo, "a" mariyu "b" anevi saanukuula sankhyalugaa untaayani bhaavistunnaaru. az" "ij"> "bz" "i" ayinappudu matrame paina perkonna pravartana paropakaaramgaa untundani gamaninchandi. samuuha sagatulanu nirvachinchadamha
mariyu prapancha sagatulu
z" "i" "mariyu" "z" "i" "ippudu oka nirdishta samuuhampai sagatulu kabatti, mariyu eee samuuhaalu empikaku lobadi unnanduna, δ" "z" "i" = "" z "" i "" − "" z "" i "viluva tappanisarigaa sunnaga undadani mariyu puurti dhara sameekaranam avasaramani chudavachu".
eee sandarbhamlo, modati padam paropakari sabhyulanu kaligi undatam dwara pradaanam cheyabadina prati samuuhaaniki prayojanaanni vaeru chestundi. rendava padam vaari paropakaara pravartana kaaranamgaa vaari samuuham nundi paropakaara sabhyulanu kolpovadaanni vaeru chestundi. rendava padam pratikuulamgaa untundi. maroe maatalo cheppalante, samuuhamloo paropakaarulu kolpovadam valla paropakaaraaniki sagatu nashtam untundi, samuuham antataa paropakaaraaniki samaanatvam ledani bhaavistaaru. modati padam ilaa untundih
maroe maatalo cheppalante, "bii"> "eah" kosam, daani adhika sankhyalo paropakaarula kaaranamgaa perugutunna samuuham phalitamgaa sagatu paropakaaraaniki saanukuula sahakaram undavacchu mariyu eee perugudala samuuhamloo nashtalanu bharti cheyagaladu, mukhyamgaa samuuhamloo paropakaara vaividhyam takkuvagaa unte. eee prabhavam gananeeyamgaa undalante, samuuhaala sagatu paropakaaramlo vyaapti undaali.

