
hydrogen-cooled turbo generator

hydrogen-cooled turbo generator anedi sheetalakaranigaa vaayu hydrojantho kuudina turbo generator. hydrogen-cooled turbo generatorlu takkuva-dragg vaataavaranaanni andinchadaaniki mariyu aaviri turbinelatho kalipi single-shaft mariyu combined-saikil applicationla kosam sheetaleekarananu andinchadaaniki roopondinchabaddaayi. adhika ushna vaahakata mariyu hydrogen vayuvu yokka itara anukuulamaina lakshanaala kaaranamgaa, eee roeju daani rangamlo idhi atyanta saadhaarana rakam.
charitra.
gaali-challabade turbo generator aadhaaramgaa, vaayu hydrogen modatisaarigaa 1937 octoberulo dayton power & light koo vadda hydrogen-challabade turbo generatorlo sheetalakaranigaa sevaloki vachindi. dayton, ohiyo.
design.
sheetalakaranigaa vaayu hydrojannu upayoginchadam daani lakshanaalapai aadharapadi untundi, avi takkuva saandrata, adhika nirdishta vaedi mariyu anni vaayuvula atyadhika ushna vaahakata (0.168 W/(m·k) vadda); idhi gaali kante challabarustunnappudu 7 nundi 10 retlu merugga untundi. hydrogen yokka maroka prayojanam hydrogen sensorla dwara sulabhamgaa gurtinchadam. hydrogen-cooled generator gananeeyamgaa chinnadi kaavacchu, anduvalla air-cooled generator kante takkuva khareedainadi kaavacchu. stater sheetaleekarana kosam, neetini upayoginchavacchu.
0.142 W/(m·k) ushna-vaahakata kaligina healiumnu sheetalakaranigaa kooda pariganinchaaru; ayithe, daani adhika kharchu daani mantalenippatiki daani sweekaranaku aatamkam kaligistundi.
saadhaaranamgaa, moodu sheetaleekarana vidhanalu upayoginchabadataayi. 60 megawatla varaku generatorla kosam, air coolingnu upayoginchavacchu. 60 mariyu 450 megawatla madhya hydrogen sheetaleekarana upayoginchabadutundi. atyadhika vidyut generatorla kosam, 1800 megawatla varaku, hydrogen mariyu neeti sheetaleekarana upayoginchabadutundi; rotter hydrogen-cooled, ayithe stater windings vaati gundaa pravahinche neeti dwara challabade bolu raagi gottaalato tayaaru cheyabadataayi.
generatorlu adhika voltagenu utpatti chestaayi; voltage empika anedi vidyut insulation yokka demandlu mariyu adhika vidyut pravahanni nirvahinchadam madhya marpidi meeda aadharapadi untundi. 40 mva varaku generatorla kosam, voltage 6.3 kv; 1000 emvi kante ekkuva shakti unna pedda generatorlu 27 kv varaku voltagelanu utpatti chestaayi; generator parimaanaanni batti 2.3 mariyu 30 kv madhya voltagelu upayoginchabadataayi. utpatti cheyabadina saktini sameepamloni step-up transformerku pamputaaru, akkada adhi vidyut vidyut prasaara line voltejga (saadhaaranamgaa 115 mariyu 1200 kevi madhya) maarchabadutundi.
adhika bhramana vegamtho kendrapagami saktulanu niyantrinchadaaniki, rotter vyaasam saadhaaranamgaa 1.25 meterlaku minchadu; coils yokka avasaramaina pedda parimaanam vaati podavu dwara saadhinchabadutundi mariyu anduvalla generator addamgaa amarchabadutundi. rendu-dhruva yantraalu saadhaaranamgaa 50 heartz kosam 3000 arpm vadda mariyu 60 heartz vyavasthalaku 3600 arpm vadda panicheestaayi, indulo sagam naalugu-dhruva yantraalaku panichestundi.
turbogeneratorlo rotter kaayil kosam pratyaksha current excitation saktini utpatti chese chinna generator kooda untundi. paatha generatorlu rotarku disi injection kosam dynamolu mariyu slip ringulanu upayoginchaayi, conny kadile yaantrika parichayalu dharinchataaniki lobadi undevi. aadhunika generatorlu turbine mariyu pradhana generator maadirigaane adhe shaftpy excitation generatornu kaligi untaayi; avasaramaina diodelu neerugaa rotorpy untaayi. pedda generatorlapy excitation current 10 kaa cheravacchu. uttejita shakti mottam generator avtput saktilo 0.5 nundi 3 saatam madhya untundi.
rotter saadhaaranamgaa ayaskanta padaarthamthoo chesina kappulu ledhaa panjaraanni kaligi untundi; generator yokka moodu dasalu asamanamga load ayinappudu sambhavinche eddie pravaahaalaku takkuva impedence marganni andinchadam dheeni paatra. atuvanti sandarbhaallo, rotorlo eddie pravahalu utpatti avtayi, phalitamgaa jool vaedi cheyadam valla teevramaina sandarbhaallo generator naasanam avutundi.
kriyaaseela bhagala nundi vaedini tolaginchadaaniki hydrogen vayuvu closed looplo prasarana cheyabadutundi, taruvaata daanini stater framepy gyaas-tuu-water heat exchanger dwara challabarustaaru. pani ottidi 6 baar varaku untundi.
online thermal conductivity detector (tii. sii. dii) vislaeshakudu moodu kolata shrenulatho upayoginchabadutundi. modati shreni (80-100% h2) saadhaarana operation samayamlo hydrogen swachchatanu paryaveekshinchadam. rendava (0-100% h2) mariyu moodava (0-100% CO2) koliche shrenulu nirvahana kosam turbinelanu surakshitamgaa teravadaaniki anumatistaayi.
hydrogen chaalaa takkuva snigdhatanu kaligi untundi, idhi rotorlo lagadam valla vachhe nashtalanu tagginchadaaniki anukuulamaina lakshanam. rotter yokka adhika bhramana vegam kaaranamgaa eee nashtalu gananeeyamgaa undavacchu. hydrogen sheetalakarani yokka swachchata taggadam valla snigdhata mariyu laagulo anubandha perugudala kaaranamgaa turbinelo gaali nashtam perugutundi. pedda generatorlo hydrogen swachchata 98 saatam nundi 95 saataaniki padipovadam valla gaali nashtam 32 saatam perugutundi; idhi 907 megawatla generatorku 685 kilovatlaku samanam. gaali nashtam generatorlo ushna nashtanni kooda penchutundi mariyu vyardha vaedini parishkarinche samasyanu penchutundi.
operation.
vaataavaranamloo oxygen lekapovadam valla carona vidudala nundi winding insulationku nashtam gananeeyamgaa taggutundi; generatorlu saadhaaranamgaa adhika voltage vadda, tarachugaa 20 kevi vadda panicheestaayi kabatti ivi samasyaatmakamainavi kaavacchu.
seal ayil system.
bearinglu leak-titega undaali. hermetic seal, saadhaaranamgaa drava seal upayoginchabadutundi; lopala hydrogen kante ekkuva peedanam unna turbine ayil saadhaaranamgaa upayoginchabadutundi. oka lohamu, ii.zii. ittadi, ungaraanni generator shaftpy springlu nokkutaayi, ring mariyu shaft madhya ottidilo chamuru balavantam cheyabadutundi; chamurulo kontha bhaagam generator yokka hydrogen vaipu, maroka bhaagam gaali vaipu pravahistundi. chamuru chinna mottamlo gaalini pravesapedutundi; chamuru tirigi prasarana cheyabadinappudu, kontha gaali generatorloki teesukuvelataaru. idhi kramamga gaali kalushya nirmaanaaniki kaaranamavutundi mariyu hydrogen swachchatanu nirvahinchadam avasaram.
eee prayojanam kosam scavenging vyavasthalu upayoginchabadataayi; sealing ayil kosam holding tanklo gyaas (chamuru nundi vidudala cheyabadina gaali mariyu hydrogen misramam) sekarinchi, vaataavaranamloki vidudala cheyabadutundi; gyaas cylinderla nundi ledhaa aann-sait hydrogen generatorla nundi hydrogen nashtalanu bharti cheyali. bearingla ksheenata adhika chamuru leekejeeki daariteestundi, idhi generatorloki badilee cheyabadina gaali mottaanni penchutundi. prati bearingku flow meater dwara perigina chamuru viniyogaanni gurtinchavacchu.
endabettadam.
hydrogenlo neeti unikini nivaarinchaali, endukante idhi hydrogen yokka sheetaleekarana lakshanaalu ksheeninchadam, generator bhagala tuppu mariyu adhika voltage windinglalo arsing kaligistundi mariyu generator jeevitakaalaanni taggistundi. saadhaaranamgaa gyaas circulation looplo desicont aadhaarita dryer cherchabadutundi, saadhaaranamgaa dryer avutletlo thema probe thoo, konnisaarlu daani inletlo kooda untundi. thema undatam anedi generator compartmentloki gaali leak avadaniki paroksha sakshyam. maroka empika hydrogen scavengingnu optimize cheyadam, kabatti manchu binduvu generator yokka specificationlalo unchabadutundi. turbine noonelo asuddhatagaa neeru saadhaaranamgaa generator vaataavaranamloki pravesapedutundi; maroka maargam neeti sheetaleekarana vyavasthalalo leakage dwara.
prakshaalana.
mandey parimitulu (saadhaarana ushnograta vadda gaalilo hydrogen yokka 4-75%, adhika ushnogratala vadda vedalpu), 571 °C vadda daani autoignition ushnograta, daani chaalaa takkuva kaneesa jwalana shakti mariyu gaalitho paeludu mishramaalanu yerparuchukune dhorani, generator lopala hydrogen kantentnu eguva ledhaa diguva mandey parimiti kante ekkuva unchadaaniki anni samayaallo nibandhanalu mariyu itara hydrogen bhadrata charyalu avasaram. generator hydrojantho nindinappudu, generatorloki gaali pravaham daani parimita sthalamlo pramaadakaramaina paeluduku kaaranamavutundani adhika peedanam nirvahinchaali. 
nirvahana kosam generator aavarananu teriche mundu mariyu generatornu hydrojantho tirigi nimpe mundu subhram chestaaru. moosivese samayamlo, hydrogen oka jada vayuvu dwara prakshaalana cheyabadutundi, aapai jada vayuvu gaali dwara bharti cheyabadutundi; praarambhaaniki mundu vyatiraeka kramam upayoginchabadutundi. carbon dioxide ledhaa natrajanini eee prayojanam kosam upayoginchavacchu, endukante avi hydrojantho dahana mishramaalanu yerparustaayi mariyu chavakainavi. prakshaalana chakram mugimpunu suuchimchadaaniki gyaas swachchata sensorlu upayoginchabadataayi, idhi prarambha mariyu moosiveta samayaalanu taggistundi mariyu prakshaalana vayuvu viniyogaanni taggistundi. 
adhika saandrata vyatyaasam kaaranamgaa carbon dioxide sulabhamgaa hydrojannu sthaanabhramsham chestundi. carbon dioxide modata generator diguva bhaagamlo pravesapetti, hydrojannu paibhagamlo bayataku nettivestundi. appudu gaalini paibhagamlo pravesapetti, carbon dioxidenu diguvana bayataku nettivestaaru. generator aapiveyadam dwara prakshaalana cheyadam uttamam. nemmadigaa-vegamtho unload chesina bhramana samayamlo idhi cheyabadithe, generator fyaanlu vaayuvulanu militam chestaayi, swachchatanu saadhinchadaaniki avasaramaina samayanni baga penchutaayi.
makeup.
vidyudvislaeshanha kanaalu, compressorlu mariyu nilva naalaala shrenini kaligi unna mokkanu upayoginchi hydrogen tarachugaa sait loe utpatti cheyabadutundi. idhi sampeedana hydrojannu nilva cheyavalasina avasaranni taggistundi mariyu sambandhita bhadrata prayojanaalu mariyu takkuva kharchulatho takkuva peedana tankullo nilva cheyadaaniki anumatistundi. generatornu tirigi nimpadaaniki kontha vaayu hydrojannu unchaali, conny daanini sait meeda kooda utpatti cheyavachu.
saanketika parignaanam abhivruddhi chendutunna koddi hydrogen pelusugaa maare avakaasam laeni padaarthaalanu generator designlalo upayogistaaru. alaa cheyakapovadam valla hydrogen pelusugaa maaradam valla parikaraalu viphalamavutaayi.

