
johann friedrich juuliyas schmid

johann friedrich juuliyas schmidt (25 october 1825, youtin, germanylo-7 fibravari 1884, athens, grease loe) oka german khagola shaastravetta mariyu bhoobhouthika shaastravetta. athanu 1858 nundi 1884 varaku greesloni athens jaateeya observatoryki directorga unnadu. juuliyas schmid thana paniloo avisraantamgaa unnadu, vilium henry pickering thana jeevitamlo ekkuva bhaganni chandruni adhyayanam kosam ankitam chesadani suuchimchaadu. thana jeevitakaalamlo, athanu 19va sataabdapu atyanta puurti chandra patalanu roopondinchaadu.
thana sonta vislaeshanha prakaram, athanu kaneesam 32,856 gadula mapp chesadu, madler mapping 7,735 mariyu lohrmann 7,177 thoo. schmid kooda 328 chandra rilles mapp chesadu. aaru samvatsaraalalo, athanu bhuubhaagam yokka 3050 etthu kolatalu cheyadaaniki daadaapu 57,000 micrometers amarikalu chesaadu.
jeevita charitra.
prarambha jeevitam.
schmidt youtin pattanamlo thana tandri carle friedrich schmid, oka glazier mariyu athani talli maria elizabeth quirlingku janminchaadu. athanu hambergloni oka vyaayaamasaalalo paatasaalaku vellaadu, akkada athanu thana roopam mariyu droying saamardhyaalato aakattukunnadu mariyu vignaana saastrampai balamaina aasaktini pradarsinchaadu. 1839 saradrutuvulo, thana swasthalamaina swasthalamlo velampata samayamlo, athanu shroater pustakam "celenotopographish fragmente" yokka kaapeeni kanugonnadu. schmid swayamgaa cheppinatlugaa,
needa-casting parvataalu mariyu gadula yokka aneka drushtaamtaalu entha balamaina mariyu saasvatamaina mudranu vesaayo adhi naa taruvaati jeevitamlooni pradhana disanu nirnayistundi.""
dheeniki mundu, 14 yella schmid kuu kontakaalamgaa vrukshashaastram mariyu jantusaastrampai aasakti undedi. telescope dwara chusinappudu chandrudu entha goppa drushyaanni istado swayamgaa chuse varaku athanu vruttini marchukovalani nirnayam teesukolekapoyadu. athani tandri ataniki oka "chinna, chaalaa manchi" telescopenu tayaaru chesinappudu aaa korika neraverindi, idhi schmid chandrudini chusenduku upayoginchedi. deepastambhaaniki vyatiraekamgaa vangi, athanu taiko kiranaalanu gurtinchi, ventane bilam mariyu kirana vyavasthanu geeyadaaniki thana modati prayatnam chesaadu. eee telescope 10x matrame peddadi cheyagaladu, ayithe, lakshyam "dowland suutram" prakaram neelapai undhi, antey idhi varnam.
shroater yokka panini chadavadam mariyu chandrudini geeyadam athani pradhana vruttigaa maarindi, mariyu schmid telescope kosam tripadnu roopondinche varaku ekkuva samayam ledhu, idhi paiki-krindiki mariyu edama-kudi kadalikalo vellagaladu. amalu kathinamgaa unnappatikee, chekka mount ataniki chandra pariseelanalu konasaginchadam chaalaa sulabhataram chesindi. ippudu athanu vimochananu parigananaloki teesukokunda, needapai shraddha chuuputuu, mottam dasalanu geeyadam praarambhinchaadu. aaa vidhamgaa 1840 natiki schmid yokka alavaatlu atanni paatasaalanu nirlakshyam cheyinchela chesaayi.
1841 vasantakaalamlo, khagola saastramlo manchi anubhavam unna prabhutva councillar ayina helwag, athani prayatnaalanu gamaninchaadu. helwag prasiddha youtin paatasaala rector kumarudu hofrat voesnu schmidtnu 1200 mimi phokal length dowland telescopenu appaginchamani koraadu, idhi schmidt chaalaa padunainadigaa kanugoni, bhootatvaanni 15-20 x gaa anchanaa vestundi. athanu modati saari jupiter byaandlu, shani yokka ungaraalu mariyu oka ardhachandrakara sukrudini chushadu.
juulai 1841loe, hamberg vyaayaamasaala altona observatoryni sandarsinchindi, akkada schmid modati saari pedda telescope dwara chuusi wilhelm biir mariyu johann heinrich madler tayaaru chesina chandruni yokka prasiddha patam gurinchi telusukundi. daa. peterson ataniki gassendi mariyu bullialdus gandaragolalanu choopinchaadu.
rumkar ataniki khagola pariseelana yokka praathamika amsaalanu neerpinchaadu mariyu 1842 nundi 1845 varaku vividha telescopelanu upayoginchadaaniki anumatinchaadu. 1843loe, athanu suuryuni gurinchi mariyu maarutunna nakshatraala gurinchi khagola saastraaniki thana modati sahakaram andinchaadu, inca chaalaa vaatini anusarinchaalsi undhi.
benzenberg sahayakudu.
1845loe, athanu dusseldorff sameepamloni bilkloni johann friedrich benzenberg private observatorylo sahayakudiga padavini pondaadu, ulkalu vanti nagna kanti vastuvulanu mariyu paadarasam kante suuryudiki daggaragaa unde vastuvula kosam vetakadam vanti panulanu chepattadu. ayithe, ataniki andubaatulo unchina telescope aacharanatmakamgaa takkuva shakti gala bhoogola telescope, mariyu 20 yella schmid daani "bahya roopaanni mariyu vaibhavanni" debbateeyakundaa nirodhinchadaaniki pedda parikaranni taalam mariyu kii kinda unchaaru.
ikkada, athanu mottam mukham kakunda chandra prakruti drushyamlooni bhaagaalanu geeyadaaniki tananu taanu parimitam chesukunnadu, oke praantaanni ververu kaanti paristhitulalo ledhaa suurya koonaalaloo geese paddhatini upayoginchaadu, adhe oka shroater upayoginchabadindi. eee sthaanam nundi munduku mottam dasalanu geeyadam nilipiveyabadindi.
1846-1858 samvatsaraalu.
oka samvatsaram taruvaata, benzenberg maraninchina taruvaata, athanu friedrich wilhelm argelander aadhvaryamlo baan observatorylo cheraadu. ikkada, schmid bidi starr ketalog kosam 325,037 nakshatraala drushya parimaanaalu mariyu sthaanaalanu kolicharu. athanu thana udyogam kaaranamgaa chandrudini pariseelinchadam konasaginchalekapoyadu, conny athanu ippatikee aneka viluvaina chitraalanu pondaadu, mariyu athanu cheyakapoyinappudu, kanipinchinadi vraatapuurvakamgaa bhadraparachabadindi. athanu 1868loe baan nundi gourava doctoratenu andukunnadu.
1853 nundi 1858 varaku athanu olmutz (nedu olomouk, check republic) looni baaran vaan uncrechtsburg yokka private observatoryki directorga unnadu, akkada athanu konni draayinglu matrame chesaadu, conny chandruni gurinchi gnaanaanni marinta penchadaaniki daani parvataala micrometric kolatalanu chepattadu.
athens observatorylo pani cheyandi.
1858loe, saiman sinus schmid athens kuu vacchi athens observatoryki (ippudu athens jaateeya observatory anie pilustaaru) director kaavaalani pratipaadinchaadu. eee pratipaadananu angeekarinchadam valla ataniki manchi jeetam, athanu cheyalanukuntunna parisoedhana cheyadaaniki swechcha mariyu samvatsaraaniki pedda mottamlo spashtamaina raatrulu unde sait vastundi. schmid ennadoo vivaham chesukoledu kabatti december 2naa athanu eee pratipaadananu angeekarinchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. observatory yokka adhokaranam chendina sthithi pariseelananu nishedhistundi. 1861loe punaruddharana puurtigaa puurtayinappatikii, schmid abhyardhinchina oka samvatsaram marammatu tarvaata, 1859 november varaku idhi upayogapade sthithilo ledhu.
aaa samayamlo observatory yokka parikaraalu
gaali taginanta sthiramgaa unnappudu, pedda observatory telescopto kalipi 300x magnification andinche ipsnu upayogistunnappudu athanu geesaadu. chaalaa arudaina sandarbhaallo matrame athanu 500x magnification gala kanureppanu upayoginchagaladu. ayana chandrunipaine kakunda, suuryuni macchalu, nakshatraala rangu, maarutunna nakshatraalu, ulkalu, commets, shani valayalu, grahanaalu, sandhya, rasichakra kaanti, nebulas, vaataavaranam, bhookampa karyakalapalu, bhramana kaalam mariyu pradhana grahalu mariyu gyaas diggajala upagrahaala vyasalapai kooda kramabaddhamaina adhyayanalu nirvahinchaaru.
1866loe linne bilam daani roopaanni gananeeyamgaa maarchindani aascharyapariche vaadana chesaadu, idhi aneka dasaabdaala paatu konasagina vivaadaanni praarambhinchindi. atuvanti jagrattagaa jeevitakaala pariseelakudi nundi vacchina eee daavaa kontha baruvunu kaligi undhi; ayithe, eee daavaa saadhaaranamgaa niroopinchabadanidigaa pariganinchabadutundi. adhe samvatsaramlo jarigina thana agniparvata pariseelanala dwara schmid pakshapaatamto undavacchu.
athanu chandruni uparitalam mottaanni kaligi unna thana goppa chandra patam yokka modati musaida meeda rendu samvatsaraalaku paiga gadipadu, kramamga athens nundi thana iteevali pariseelanala phalitaalanu pravesinchaadu, eee panini konasaginchadam antam kaadani athanu grahinchaadu. prarambha naalugu quadrantla kolatalu athanu aasinchina vivaraalanu avasaramaina khachitatvamto sangrahinchadaaniki chaalaa peddavigaa undevi. deenni vismarinchinappatikii, intha pedda palakalanu raagilo chekkadam amalu cheyadam chaalaa kashtamgaa undedi. athanu eee vaastavaalanu angeekarinchi, 1867 eprillo aaa panini vadulukovalasi vachindi. athanu rendava prayatnam kosam lohrmann yokka vibhaagaalanu enchukunnadu, mottam chandrudini cover cheyadaaniki 25 vibhaagaalanu upayoginchaadu.
"charte derr ghebirz dess mondes", anie pilavabadedi, 1874loe puurtayimdi. juuliyas schmidt aaa samvatsaram decemberlo berlin observatorylo pattikanu samarpinchaadu. biir mariyu madler yokka prasiddha mappa celenographicanu adhigaminchina chandruni yokka modati patam idhi.
1876 november 24naa, athanu kyuu signi anie kooda piluvabade nova signini kanugonnadu.
1878loe wilhelm gothelf lohrmann roopondinchina chandra patamlooni mottam 25 vibhaagaalanu kooda schmidt savarinchi prachurinchaaru. lohrmann 1836loe thana pataanni puurti chesaadu, conny 1840loe maraninchaadu; patamlooni modati naalugu vibhagalu matrame 1824loe prachurinchabaddaayi. eee celenographic paniki gurtimpugaa schmidt french academy off sciences nundi walz bahumatini andukunnaru.
maranam.
thana intiki mariyu observatoryki madhya vayassu mariyu dhooram kaaranamgaa, athanu 1871 nundi akkada kramam tappakunda panicheyadam manesadu. athanu thana inti nundi khagola pariseelanalu konasaginchagaligela bhoomadhyarekha parvatam meeda oka chinna telescopenu andinchaalani berlin academy off sainsesnu koraadu. schmid korika neraverindi.
ayana gunde samasyala kaaranamgaa 1884 fibravari 7naa oohinchani vidhamgaa maraninchaaru. okaroju mundu, athanu german rayabara karyalayamlo oka saamaajika kaaryakramaaniki hajarayyadu. ayana maraninchinappudu, greeku raaju mariyu raani, aacharyulu, vidyaarthulu mariyu vaelaadi mandhi greeku pourulu ayana observatorylo antyakriyala prasamgaaniki hajarayyaru. juuliyas schmidnu athens modati smasaanavaatikalo khananam chesaaru. ayana vayassu kevalam 58 samvatsaraalu.
vaarasatvam.
chandrunipai unna bilam schmid kuu samyuktamgaa athani mariyu adhe chivari paerutoe unna maroe iddaru vyaktula paeru pettaru. maars meeda unna schmidt bilaniki athani paeru pettaru mariyu otto schmid paeru pettaru.
pani chestundi.
somavaaram naadu prajalalo prajalalo okaripai okaru drushti saarinchaaru.
puurti sheershika "charte derr ghebirz dess mondes naach igenen beaubachtungen inn denne zahren 1840-1874", dheeni ardham "samvatsaraalalo naa swantha pariseelanala aadhaaramgaa chandruni parvataala chaart 1840-1874". lohrmann vibhagala aadhaaramgaa eee pattika 25 vibhagaluga vibhajinchabadindi. vaalu soochinche rekhalatho, eee upasamanam hatchur shading upayoginchi chithreekarinchabadindi. schmidt rangunu chithreekarinchadaaniki etuvanti prayatnam cheyadu, conny gurrapu gurrapu praantaalaku muduru rangulanu upayogistaadu. mudatalu unna gatlu atisayokti vaalulanu kaligi untaayi.
adhe paerutoe unna daani sodari pustakamlo schmid jeevita charitra, pataala yokka lothaina vivarana, athani pariseelanalu mariyu nirnayaalu mariyu micrometer kolatalu, etthu kolatalu mariyu vaelaadi lakshanaala vivaranalu unnaayi.

