
railu bassu

railbus anedi telikapati prayaaneekula railkar, idhi daani nirmaanamlooni aneka amsaalanu bassutho panchukuntundi, saadhaaranamgaa bogilaku badulugaa sthiramaina bays meeda bassu (asalu ledhaa savarinchina) boddy mariyu naalugu chakralu (2 axils) kaligi untundi. vaastavaaniki 1930laloe roopondinchina mariyu abhivruddhi cheyabadina, railbaslu pedda kolatalugaa abhivruddhi chendaayi, telikapati railkaartho samaanamaina lakshanaalatoo, "railkaarlu" mariyu "railbus" anae padaalanu tarachugaa parasparam maarchukoobadataayi. takkuva upayoginchina railway linelalo pratyaekamgaa upayoginchadaaniki roopondinchina railbaslu saadhaaranamgaa germany, italii, france, united kingdom mariyu sweeden vanti deshaalalo upayoginchabaddaayi.
nedu, rail bassula sthaanamlo aadhunika telikapati dii. emm. yuu rail kaar namuunaalu unnaayi. aadhunika deasle-electric rail kaarlu, stadler rs1, seamens yokka regiosprinter ledhaa varasudu seamens desiro vanti bahula unitla vale nadapabadataayi, ivi rail bassulatho paatra mariyu specificationlanu panchukuntaayi (sabdam, takkuva antastu design, indhana saamarthyam, vegam mariyu itara charyalalo merugudalalato unnappatikee) conny saadhaaranamgaa ikapai "railbus" anae padam dwara suuchimchabadavu.
desham vaareegaa vaduka.
argentine.
argentine chuttoo, mukhyamgaa laa plata vishwavidyaalaya railulo sthaanikamgaa tayaaru cheyabadina technotren rail bassulu upayogamlo unnaayi. pattalu inca marammatu cheyani mariyu saadhaarana railla baruvunu nirvahinchaleni desamloni graameena praantaalalo veetini ekkuvagaa upayogistaaru.
australia.
1937loe, nsw railway vibhagam aaru waddington-nirmita naalugu chakraala kramabaddheekarinchina "efpi paybus" lanu jodinchindi, ivi chinna branch linelalo sevalu andistaayi, ivi railu motarunu samarthinchadaaniki taginanta mandhi prayaanikulanu kaligi undavu. ford vii8 injin dwara nadiche vaariki efpi1 nundi efpi6 anae paeru ivvabadindi. railbus seva prachuryam pondanappudu, aneka bassulu stationlalo railway udyogulaku chellinchadaaniki mariyu tracklapy panicheyadaaniki upayoginche mobile pae karluga marai.
1941 decemberulo, anderra sameepamlo railway tracklapy dynamitenu unchinappudu eee railbaslalo okati (efpi 5) naasanam cheyabadindi. paeluduloe railbus looni mugguru sibbandi maraninchaaru. 2, 000 poundla nagadu teesukunnappatiki, rail kaarulooni bhadratanu dongalu teravalekapoyaru. eee neeraaniki evarinee vichaarinchaledu.
modati railbus, efpi1, thirlmerloni nsw railu museumlo pradarsinchabade chota punaruddharinchabadindi. maroe edu 1960laloe komeng nirminchaaru.
queenslandlo, "railbus servies" anedi konni railway linela bhagalaku samaantaramgaa nadustunna road bus sarveesnu suuchistumdi, idhi prayaanikula raillaku pratyamnaayamgaa untundi.
check republic mariyu slovakia.
check republic mariyu slovakialo, takkuva tarachugaa vachhe graameena margallo railbaslanu upayogistaaru. chaalaa rail bassulu χd/zsr class 810 anie kooda piluvabade munupati χsd m 152.0 deasle bahula unitpy aadharapadi untaayi.
kenada.
cavom shuttle british kolambiyaaloni lilloot mariyu dii 'arcy madhya rojuvaaree seva kosam dii. emm. yuu railbaslanu upayogistundi.
germany.
germanylo, 1930laloe chavakaina railu vahanam avasaranni teerchadaaniki shianenbus abhivruddhi cheyabadindi. telikapati railvelu ledhaa "clainbahnen" (aaa rojullo wismer railbus oka maargadarsakam) paie kharchutho koodukunna sevala demandnu teerchadaaniki germany yokka reachsbahn (db kii mundunnadi) paie praamaanika vivaranalaku anugunamgaa dheenini nirminchaaru.) rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata, chivariki sarvavyaapta yurdingen railbaslanu duesh bundesban single-injin mariyu double-injin versionlalo abhivruddhi chesaaru. rendodi kochlu mariyu saruku ravana kaarla dwara laagadaaniki taginanta saktivantamainadi. saripolina trailarlu mariyu driving trailarlu kooda abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi. eee rail bassulu aadhunika deasle bahula unitlaku mundunnavi. 1950la chivaralo, gdrloni dueche reachsban, waggenbau batzen nirminchina saripole trailarlu mariyu driving trailarlatho kuudina single-injin class viti 2.09nii abhivruddhi chesaaru.
1970la chivaralo germanylo railu bassulatho kuudina aneka teevramaina pramaadaalu pedda, marinta balamgaa roopondinchina deasle rail kaarla vivarana mariyu abhivruddhiki daariteesaayi. ayithe eee kaarlu parimaanamlo yuu thoo samanamga undevi.ess. utpatti cheyabadina deasle rail kaarlu, avi prastuta FR avasaralaku anugunamgaa undavu, mariyu vaari uttara america bandhuvu railu deasle kaarla maadirigaane, ekkuvagaa railroad-utpannamaina namuunaalu. db class 628 samakaaleena german deasle railkaarnu udaharistundi. eee rakamaina kaaru skianenbus sthaanamlo vachindi mariyu 1980luu mariyu 1990laloe saadhyamaina chota branch-line mariyu maine-line ketaayimpulanu locomotive-logg railulo kaligi undhi. yurdingen shiennenbus mariyu batzen railbaslu rendoo saadhaarana aadaaya seva nundi vaastavamgaa adrusyamayyaayi, conny daani deasle railu kaaru vaarasulu ippatikee vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutunnaaru. shianenbus taruvaata varusaga moodava taram yokka damas ippudu vandalaadi mandhi vividha rakaala modular design kalayikalalo arder chestunnaru.
hangari.
1925loe hangareelo modati railu bassulu kanipinchaayi, veetini ganj panula dwara tayaaru chesaaru. 1934 nundi, maav arpad anie piluvabade railbaslanu upayoginchadam praarambhinchaadu, veetini kooda ganj tayaaru chesindi. eee vahanalu budapest-vienna linelo nadichayi. 1975loe, chivari arpad raddu cheyabadindi.
1986loe, χd 810 raillu lekapovadam valla, icarus oka icarus 260 bassunu maav tarapuna railbasga maarchindi. eee namuunaanu icarus 725 anie pilicharu. daani vaividhyaalu 725.01,722.01 mariyu 723.01 1988loe malaysiaku pampabaddayi.
bharatadesam.
bharatiya railway thana saakhala margallo aneka railu bassulanu naduputundi. prayaanikula sankhya peragadam valla eee rail bassula sthaanamlo emuulanu niyamistunnaaru.
kalka-shimla maargamlo (railu sankhya 72451), mathura nundi brindavan (railu sankhya 72175) mariyu merta zen nundi merta city (railu sankhya 74804) vanti rail bassulu kooda unnaayi.
indonesia.
indoneshiyaaloni railu bassulu sthaanikamgaa inca dwara nirminchabaddaayi mariyu pundit kereta epi indonesia (kaii) nirvahinche aneka sthaanika railu sevalalo upayoginchabadataayi.
2012 augustu 5naa, central javalo "prambanan express" prayaanikula railu prayaaneekula bhagalaku, puurvoosaari station nundi vonogiri looni vonogiri station varaku, alaage dheeniki viruddhamgaa, vasati kalpinchadaaniki desamlo mottamodati railbus seva "batra cressna" railbus praarambhinchabadindi.
2014loe, kaii dakshina sumatraalo palembangloni kertapati station nundi ogaan illeerlooni indraalaya station madhya "kertalaya" railbasnu praarambhinchindi, roddu traafiknu sulabhataram cheyadaaniki dheeniki viruddhamgaa.
2016loe, padang pariyaman looni kayuu tanam station nundi minangkabou antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayam varaku prayaaneekulaku sevalu andinchadaaniki paschima sumatraalo "lemba anai" railbus praarambhinchabadindi.
ireland.
ireland yokka grate northern railway dundaalklooni railway panula vadda railbaslanu utpatti chesindi.
japan.
jnr adhyakshudu 1953loe paschima germanyni sandarsinchaaru mariyu akkada railu bassulaku parichayam cheyabaddaaru. jnr taruvaata jnrlo railbus parichaya pranaalika kosam oka pranaalikanu roopondinchindi, mariyu 1955loe oka namuunaa nirminchabadindi. ayithe, jnr praamaanika railu parikaraalatoe poliste rojuvaaree karyakalapalalo railbaslanu takkuva nammadaginavigaa gurtinchindi mariyu 1960laloe vaati viniyogaanni nilipivesindi.
fuji bhaarii parisramalachae utpatti cheyabadina rail bassulu 1962 nundi 1997loe line karyakalapalu nilipivese varaku nanbu jucon railwaylo panicheesaayi, ayithe samrakshinchabadina unitlanu ippatikee shichinohe stationlo chudavachu.
1970la nundi japaanlo motaru viniyogam perigindi, sthaanika private railvelalo prayaaneekula sankhya taggindi. fuji heavy industries limited. 1982loe bassu nirmaanaanni gananeeyamgaa kaligi unna "lii-kaar" abhivruddhini praarambhinchaaru, jnr lotu sthaanika linelanu sthaanika prabhutvaalu mariyu private companylu ummadi pettubaditho nirvahistunna aneka railway companylu sweekarinchaayi.
mangolia.
ulanbatar railbus anedi mangolia rajadhani ulaanbaatarlo unna railbus aadhaarita praja ravana vyavastha.
netherlands.
netherlandslo, 1932loe oka maikhelin kaarunu pareekshinchaaru.
peru.
perooraillo railu bassulanu upayogistaaru.
soudhi arabia mariyu siriya.
syrian rail bassulanu damascuslo madan nundi sarauja varaku, soudhi arabialo riyadh nundi madeenaa mariyu makka varaku upayogistaaru.
srilanka.
thoorpu provins vanti saadhaarana prayaanikula raillaku gananeeyamaina demand laeni praantaalalo, railbus pattanaalu mariyu nagaralanu kaluputundi. modata roddu ravana kosam nirminchina rendu bassulanu marchadam dwara eee bassulanu nirminchaaru.
united kingdom.
british railu choukagaa kotta rolling stacknu nirminchadaaniki mariyu aardhikamgaa teelikagaa upayoginche linelalo sevalanu andinchadaaniki rendu margaluga vividha rakaala railbaslanu utpatti chesindi.
1980laloe nirminchina pesarlu anie piluvabade vividha rakaala railbaslu 2021 varaku sevalo unnaayi, praapyata avasaralaku anugunamgaa undatamlo viphalamaina phalitamgaa avi dasalavaareegaa tolaginchabaddaayi.
united states.
injin mariyu hood kinda chinna naalugu chakraala boggy truckulatho nirminchina pratyeka mack truck chatraniki mariyu 1903 lone pedda flanged steel drive chakralaku bassu baadeelanu amarchina recordulu unnaayi. osgud broadley kaar company 1920 laloe atyanta prajaadarana pondina badilalo okadaanni nirminchindi. fairbanks-maars, taruvaata locomotive builder, 1930la madhyalo trucku chatraanni tappinchukovadaaniki amarchina ilanti maarpidulanu andinchaadu, trucku chatraanni vyaan baadiilatoe amarchadaaniki mariyu chinna saripolina prayaaneekula coach trailarnu sarafara cheyadaaniki ishtapadataadu. konni railroadlu trucku ledhaa pedda, saktivantamaina lagjari passenger kaaru chatrampai tama sonta sariiraalanu nirminchukunnaayi. chaalaa mandhi mundu bhaagamlo oka chinna rendu axil trucku mariyu venuka bhaagamlo oka drive axil namuunaanu konasaaginchaaru. 1930la nundi oka udaaharana, tellani truck chatrampai nirminchabadindi, idhi misouriilooni kirkvudloni national museum off transportationlo bhadraparachabadindi.
rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata aneka aadhunika telikapati railu bhavanalu kanipinchaayi. chaalaa railroadlu tama branch linela nundi prayaaneekula raillanu tolaginchadaaniki haive bus sevalaku sahakarinchadamtho konni vijayavantamayyaayi. american kaaru & foundry motorusaikil vanti konni, railkar mariyu railbus madhya marganni aspashtam chesaayi. maak eff. sii. dii. vanti itarulu railbus shibiramlo gattiga digaaru. padhi mcclanu newyork, nyuu heaven & hartford railroad konugolu chesindi. avi pampinhee cheyabade samayaniki, kotta adhyakshudu baadhyata vahinchaaru, mariyu branch linelaku sevalu andinchadamlo aayanaku peddagaa aasakti ledhu. okaru matrame saadhaarana sevanu chuusaaru. annee sperry railu seva vanti itara samsthalaku ledhaa videshee railrodlaku vikrayinchabaddaayi.
1967 mariyu 1968loe, erra baanam linelu daani antar pattana margalu mariyu norristown hye speed linelo pattaalapai panicheyadaaniki marchabadina oka kotta roopaanniche gm bassunu pareekshinchaayi.
1985loe, septa digumati chesukunna bree-layland railbasnu faaks chaze lineloni neuton vibhaagaaniki ippudu moosiveyabadina faaks chaze meeda pareekshinchaaru.