
francesco geminiani

francesco javero geminiani (5 december 1687-17 september 1762) oka italian violine vaadyakaarudu, swarakarta mariyu sangeeta siddhaantakarta. bbc radeo 3 okasari aayananu "ippudu chaalaa varaku marchipoyaaru, conny athani kaalamlo daadaapu sangeeta deevudigaa pariganinchabaddaaru, handell mariyu korellilaku samanamga bhaavistaaru."
jeevitam.
lukkaalo janminchina ayana alessandro skaarlatti nundi sangeeta paataalu neerchukunnaaru, milanlo kaarlo ambrogio lonati aadhvaryamlo, aaa taruvaata arcongelo korelli aadhvaryamlo violine abhyasinchaaru. 1707 nundi athanu lukkaaloni capella palatinalo thana tandri sthaanaanni teesukunnadu. 1711 nundi, athanu napals vadda opera archestraku naayakatvam vahinchaadu, opera archestraku nayakudiga mariyu kacheri masterga, idhi ataniki alessandro skaarlattitoe parichayam kosam aneka avakaasaalanu ichindi. 1714loe kontakaalam lukkaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu francesco barasanti kalisi londonku bayaludaeraadu, akkada athanu oka naipunhyam kaligina violine vaadyakarudigaa paeru tecchukunnadu, tvaralo vilium coppel, essex yokka 3va earl thoo sahaa drushtini mariyu poeshakulanu aakarshinchadu, athanu sthiramaina pooshakudigaa migilipoyadu. 1715loe geminiani georg I yokka aasthaanamlo thana violine kachereeni vaayinchaadu, keyboard vadda handell thoo. 1720la madhyalo athanu londonlo freemason ayyadu, mukhyamgaa fleet streetloni queens head towern vadda swalpakaalika ladge philo-music ett architectura society (1725-27) loe pramukha sabhyudiga. aaa taruvaata athanu thana raathi sambandhaalanu konasaginchinatlu telustondi. 1725 fibravari 1naa, athanu landanlooni "queens head" ladgelo cheraadu, freemasonarylo praarambhamaina modati italian ayyadu. 1725 mae 12naa, athanu adhe rojuna sahavidyaavetta mariyu master mayson ayyadu. 1728 mae 11naa, ingland yokka pradhana grand ladge yokka grand master james king king king 4va baaran, naples loe modati italian regular maysonic ladgenu erpaatu chesinanduku geminiani sodarulanu niyaminchaaru, idhi neerugaa inglish freemaesanreeki anubandhinchabadindi.
geminiani sangeetam bodhinchadam mariyu vrayadam dwara jeevanopaadhi pondaadu, mariyu kalalo vyavaharinchadam dwara sekarinchaalane thana abhiruchiki anugunamgaa undataaniki prayatninchaadu, ellappuduu vijayavantam kaaledu. charless avison, mathue duborg, maikhel christian festing, bernhard jochim hagen mariyu cecilia young vanti athani vidyaarthulaloo chaalaa mandhi vijayavantamaina vruttini kaligi unnaaru. 
paarisnu sandarsinchi, akkada kontakaalam nivasinchina taruvaata, athanu 1755loe inglaandku tirigi vacchaadu. 1761loe, doublinlo thana taatkaalika nivaasamlo, oka sevakudu ataniki chaalaa samayam mariyu sramanu andinchina sangeeta vraatapratulanu dochukunnadu. eee nashtamtho ayana badhapadatam valla ayana maranaanni vegavantam chesinatlu chebutaaru. athanu maraninchaadu mariyu doublinlo khananam cheyabaddaadu, conny athani avasheshaalu taruvaata athani puttina nagaramlo, lukkaaloni shaan francesco charchilo punarnirminchabaddaayi.
athanu modati-sthaayi violine vaadyakaarudu anie telustondi. athani vyakteekarana layalu kaaranamgaa tartini atanni "ill furibondo", picchivaadu anie pilichinatlu samacharam.
pani chestundi.
geminiani yokka atyanta prasiddha rachanalu "concerty grossy" yokka moodu setlu; athani rachanalu 2 (1732), rachanalu 3 (1733) mariyu rachanalu 7 (1746) (mottam 42 concerty unnaayi) ivi vayolanu "concertino" solo vaadyakaarula samuuhamloo sabhyudiga parichayam chestaayi, tadwara vaatini string quartet kosam tappanisarigaa concertiga chestaayi. eee rachanalu, vaati kuurpu samayamlo khandamlo fashionga unna "gallant" rachanatho poliste, ippatikee korellitho premalo unna london prekshakulanu santoshapettadaaniki lothugaa viruddhamgaa unnaayi. geminiani thana guruvu korelli yokka aapnu kooda punarnirminchaadu. 1, 3 mariyu 5 loki "concerty grossy".
geminiani yokka praamukhyata nedu ekkuvagaa athani 1751 grandham "violine vaayinche kala" aapku kaaranam. 9, londonlo prachurinchabadindi, idhi 18va sataabdapu italian violine vaayinche paddhati yokka atyanta prasiddha sankalanam mariyu chivari barok pradarsana abhyasam yokka adhyayanaaniki amoolyamaina muulam. eee pustakam 24 vyayamala roopamlo, saapekshamgaa chinna conny chaalaa samachara vibhaagamto paatu, uchchaarana, trills mariyu itara aabharanaalu, sthaanaala madhya marpidi mariyu edama mariyu kudi chethi violine technic yokka itara amsaalapai vivaranaatmaka suuchanalanu istundi. eee grandhamlooni suuchanalu leopold mosart thana "violine vaayinchadam yokka praathamika suutraalapai" (1756) anae grandhamlo aneka samasyalapai vyaktam chesina vatiki pramukhamgaa vyatiraekimchaayi, veetilo villu pattukovadam, vibrato vadakam mariyu prati baar yokka modati beetnu down-stroke thoo aadaalani perkonna "ruul off dhi down-boow" anie pilavabadevi unnaayi.
athani "gaida harmonica" (c. 1752, 1756loe anubandhamtho) chivari barok yokka atyanta asaadhaarana saamarasya grandhaalalo okati, idhi basso nirantara namuunaalu mariyu saakshaatkaaraala yokka encyclopediaga panichestundi. mottam 2,236 namuunaalu unnaayi, mariyu prati namuunaa chivarilo sambhaavya tadupari namuunaa kosam paejee sankhya suuchana untundi; anduvalla pustakaanni adhyayanam chese vidyaarthi swarakartaku edainaa chinna baas line tarvaata andubaatulo unna anni tadupari avakaasaala gurinchi oka aalochana untundi.
geminiani violine kosam aneka solos, moodu violine kachereelu, pannendu violine triolu, harpsicard, orgaon modalaina vaatipai thodugaa unde kalanu kooda prachurinchaaru."(1754)," "harpsicard kosam paataalu", "" "guitar ledhaa citra meeda vaayinche kala" "(1760) mariyu konni itara rachanalu".
vimarsha.
geminiani rachanalu vaati ooha, vyakteekarana mariyu vecchadanaaniki, conny vaati kramasikshana lekapovadam mariyu takkuva abhivruddhiki kooda prasiddhi chendaayi. charless burney kramarahita sraavyamaina nirmaanam kosam geminianini niyaminchaadu. marovaipu, geminiani vidhanam kuurpuloo mukhyamaina purogatini suuchistumdani hockins abhiprayapaddaru. "manam eee samayamlo adhikaram lekunda vidhinchina chattaala bandham nundi vimukti pondutunna sthithilo unnamani, saamarasya suutraalapai kotta daryaaptu mariyu geminiani pradhaanamaina sangeetakaarula taragati adhyayanalu dheeniki kaaranam... geminiani rachanalapai gamaninchadaginadi emitante, athani modulations asalainavi matrame kaadu, athani samarasyalu athani kaalam varaku sangeetamlo ennadoo pravesapettabadani kalayikalanu kaligi untaayi. sangeeta kuurpupai vraasina vaaru nirdesinchina oka kii nundi maroka keeki parivartana niyamaalanu ayana vismarinchadame kakunda, aavishkarana saktulapai anavasaramaina nirbandhamgaa abhyantaram vyaktam chesaaru. korelli rachanalalo sambhavinche aidava, moodava mariyu aarava keeloni swarakramaalu, vaatini tarachugaa punaraavrutam cheyadam dwara cheviki chaalaa suparichitamainavi anie ayana tarachugaa cheppadam vinabadindi. mariyu idhi athani jeevitaanni adhyayanam chesinatlu anipistundi, ardha viramalanu udaaramgaa upayoginchadam dwara, swaramela kalayikala sankhyanu penchadaaniki; mariyu raagam loki adhi cheyagaligina daanikante ekkuva vaividhyaanni parichayam cheyadaaniki."

