
baltic rashtraalu

baltic rashtraalu ledhaa baltic deshaalu anae bhougolika raajakeeya padam, idhi prastutam moodu deshaalanu samuuhaparachadaaniki upayoginchabadutundih estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania. eee moodu deshaalu naato, european union, eurozone mariyu okd sabhyadaesaalu. baltic samudram yokka thoorpu teeramlo unna moodu saarvabhouma rashtraalanu konnisaarlu "baltic deshaalu" anie pilustaaru, takkuva tarachugaa mariyu chaaritraka paristhitulalo "baltic republics", "baltic bhoomulu" ledhaa kevalam balticluga kooda suuchistaaru.
moodu baltic deshaalu prapancha byankuche adhika-aadaaya aardhika vyavasthalugaa vargeekarinchabaddaayi mariyu chaalaa adhika maanava abhivruddhi suuchikanu nirvahistaayi. moodu prabhutvaalu antar prabhutva mariyu parliamentary sahakaaramlo nimagnamai unnaayi. videsanga mariyu bhadrata vidhanam, rakshana, indhanam mariyu ravaanaalo kooda tarachugaa sahakaram undhi.
charitra.
saaraamsam.
modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata (1914-1918) "baltic rashtraalu" anae padam maajee russian saamrajyam nundi swaatantryam pondina baltic samudram dwara deshaalanu suuchimchadaaniki vachindi. eee padam estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania, mariyu vaastavaaniki finland kooda kaligi undhi, idhi iteevala nordic deshaalalo samuuhamgaa maarindi.
18va sataabdamloo russian saamrajyam vistarinchinappudu moodu aadhunika baltic raashtraala bhoobhaagamlo ekkuva bhaagam modatisaarigaa oke raajakeeya samsthalo cherchabadindi. estonia mariyu latvia yokka uttara bhaganni sweeden appaginchindi, mariyu 1721loe goppa uttara yuddham mugimpulo russian saamrajyamlo vileenam cheyabadindi, ayithe ippudu lithuvania bhuubhaagam 1795loe polish-lithuvanian commonwealth moodava vibhajana tarvaata russian paalanaloki vachindi. 1917 naati russian viplavam mariyu 1918loe modati prapancha yuddham yokka chivari dasalu varaku baltic deshaalalo pedda bhagalu russian kendra prabhutvanche niyantrinchabaddaayi, estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania tama saarvabhoumatvaanni pondaayi. rendava prapancha yuddham praarambhamayye varaku eee moodu deshaalu swatantramgaa undevi. 1940loe, moodu desaalapainaa daadi chesi, aakraminchi, stallinist soviet union swaadheenam chesukundi. erra sainyam 1991 varaku moodu deshaalapai niyantrananu konasaaginchadaaniki mundu, 1941loe lithuvania, latvia mariyu estoniapai naajii germany dandayaatra mariyu aakramananu chusindi, aaa taruvaata 1991 varaku soviet union moodu deshaalapai niyantrananu konasaaginchindi. moodu deshaala kottagaa ennikaina paarlamentulu soviet aakramananu chattaviruddhamgaa prakatinchadamtho 1991 augustulo moodu deshaala swaatantryam puurtigaa punaruddharinchadamtho soviet paalana mugisindi.
swaatantryam yokka modati kaalam, 1918-1940.
modati prapancha yuddham mugimpuku raagaane, lithuvania swaatantryam prakatinchi, latvia taatkaalika prabhutvaanni erpaatu chesindi. estonia appatike 1917loe jarrist russia nundi svayampratipattini pondindi, 1918 fibravarilo swaatantryam prakatinchindi, conny taruvaata 1918 november varaku german saamrajyam aakraminchindi. estonia soviet russiaku vyatiraekamgaa vijayavantamaina swaatantrya yuddham chesindi. latvia mariyu lithuvania idhe vidhamaina prakriyanu anusarinchaayi, latvia swaatantrya yuddham mariyu 1920loe lithuvania swaatantrya yuddhalu poortayye varaku.
yuddhaantara kaalamlo moodu deshaalu, finland mariyu polland konnisaarlu samishtiga "limitrophe states" (french bhasha nundi) gaa suuchimchabaddaayi, endukante avi kalisi soviet russia mariyu soviet union yokka paschima sarihaddu venta "rim" nuu yerparuchukunnayi. uttaraana finland nundi dakshinaana romenia varaku, paschima mariyu madhya airopa mariyu sambhaavya bolshevik praadaesika aasayaala madhya unna mottam bhuubhaagam, vyuuhaatmaka "carden sanitire" gaa pariganinchabade georges clemensolo avi kooda bhaagamgaa undevi.
moodu baltic deshaalu raktarahita tirugubaatu tarvaata adhikaaramloki vacchina rashtra adhipatiche niyantrutva paalana kaalanni anubhavinchaayih lithuvenialo antanas smetona (1926-1940), latvialo carlis ulmanis (1934-1940), mariyu estonialo "nissabda yugam" (1934-1938) samayamlo constantine pots. latvia ledhaa estonialo ituvanti sanghatanalu jaragadaniki enimidi samvatsaraala mundu smetonaku ververu preranalu undadamtho paatu saktini pondadamtho lithuveniyaaloni sanghatanalu itara rendu deshaalaku bhinnamgaa unnayani kondaru nokki chebutaaru. finlandlo gananeeyamaina raajakeeya sankshobham unnappatikee, atuvanti nirankusa vyakti akkada adhikaram chepattaledu. ayithe, idhi 1918loe raktapaatamto kuudina antaryuddhamlo chikkukundi, idhi baltic rashtraallo jaragaledu. konni vivaadaalu baltic niyantrutva paalanalanu chuttumudataayi-aaa kaalam yokka saadhaarana sthirathvam mariyu vegavantamaina aardhika vruddhi kaaranamgaa (kluptamgaa unnappatikee), kontamandi vyaakhyaatalu "niyantrutva" anae lebulnu nivaaristaaru; ayithe, itarulu, atuvanti "kshamaapana" vaikharini khandistaaru, udaaharanaku, carlis ulmanis yokka taruvaati madimpulalo.
soviet mariyu german vruttulu, 1940-1991.
airopanu german mariyu soviet prabhava rangaalugaa vibhajinchina 1939 naati molotov-ribbentrop oppandamlooni rahasya protocol prakaram, soviet sainyam 1939 septembarulo thoorpu polandpai daadi chesindi, mariyu stallinist soviet prabhutvam estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvanialanu "paraspara sahaya oppandaalugaa" balavantam chesindi, idhi eee deshaalalo sainika sthaavaraalanu sthaapinche hakkunu maaku manjuru chesindi. juun 1940loe erra sainyam estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania bhoobhaganni aakraminchi, kotta, soviet anukuula tolubomma prabhutvaalanu erpaatu chesindi. moodu deshaalalo ekakaalamlo, rigg ennikalu (dheenilo kevalam stallinist anukuula abhyardhulanu matrame pootii cheyadaaniki anumatinchaaru) juulai 1940loe jarigaayi, moodu deshaalalo kottagaa samavesamaina "paarlamentulu" appudu soviet unionlo chaeradaaniki ekagreevamgaa darakhaastu chesaayi, mariyu augustu 1940loe estonian ssr, latvian ssr, mariyu lithuvanian ssrga ussrlo cherchabaddaayi.
aaa taruvaata balticlo anachivetalu, maranasikshalu mariyu saamuuhika bahishkaranalu jarigaayi. soviet union thana aakramita bhuubhaagaalanu bahishkarinchadam mariyu russian bhashanu ekaika pani bhashaga sthaapinchadam vanti maargaala dwara soviet cheyadaaniki prayatninchindi. 1940 mariyu 1953 madhya, soviet prabhutvam baltics nundi soviet unionloni maarumuula pradaesaalaku 200,000 mandiki paiga prajalanu bahishkarinchindi. adanamgaa, kaneesam 75,000 mandhi gulaaglaku pampabaddaaru. baltic janabhalo sumaru 10 saatam mandhi bahishkarinchabaddaaru ledhaa kaarmika shibiraalaku pampabaddaaru. (juun bahishkarana, estonia nundi soviet bahishkaranalu, baltic raashtraala soviatisation chudandi)
1941loe eee praantampai naajii german dandayaatra valla baltic deshaala soviet aakramanaku antaraayam kaligindi. praarambhamlo, chaalaa mandhi estonianlu, latvianlu mariyu lithuvenianlu german sainyanni vimuktinichevaarigaa bhaavinchaaru, ayithe moodu deshaala swaatantryaanni punaruddharinchaalani aasinchaaru, conny badulugaa naajii german aakramanadaarulu "reichscomisseriot land" anie piluvabade poura paripalananu sthaapinchaaru. aakramana samayamlo naajii adhikarulu lithuvania mariyu latvialo yoodula janabhanu ghettoijeshanlu mariyu saamuuhika hatyalu chesaaru. 190, 000 mandiki paiga lithuvanian yoodulu, daadaapu 95 saatam lithuvania yuddhaaniki mundu yoodu samajam, mariyu 66,000 latvian yoodulu hatya cheyabaddaaru. 1944 chivari varaku (court landlo, 1945 prarambham varaku), deshaalu erra sainyanche tirigi aakraminchabadi, soviet paalana tirigi sthaapinchabadinappudu, united states mariyu britton yokka nishkriyaatmaka oppandamtho (yalta conferences mariyu patsdam aggrement chudandi) german aakramana konasaagindi.
1947loe vyavasayanni balavantamgaa saamuhikamgaa cheyadam praarambhamaindi, marchi 1949loe saamuuhika bahishkarana tarvaata puurtayimdi (operation preboy chudandi). private polaalu japthu cheyabaddaayi, mariyu raitulu saamuuhika polaallo cherela chesaaru. moodu deshaalalo, baltic pakshapaatulu, aadabhaashalo atavee sodarulu, latvian jaateeya pakshapaatulu mariyu lithuvanian pakshapaatulu anie piluvabade vaaru, tama deshaala swaatantryaanni tirigi pondhe prayatnamlo tadupari enimidi samvatsaraalu soviet aakramanaku vyatiraekamgaa viphalamaina gerilla yuddhanni nirvahinchaaru. soviet vyatiraeka pakshapaatula saayudha pratighatana 1953 varaku konasaagindi. saayudha pratighatana odipoyinappatiki, janabha soviet vyatiraekamgaanae undipoyindi.
lithuvania, latvia mariyu estonia united states, united kingdom, kenada, naato mariyu aneka itara deshaalu mariyu antarjaateeya samsthalu soviet aakramanalo unnatlu bhaavinchaayi. pracchanna yuddha samayamlo, lithuvania mariyu latvia washington dii. sii. loe sainyanni nirvahinchagaa, estoniaku newyork nagaramlo oka mission undedi. prati okkaroo modatlo USR aakramanaku mundu chivari prabhutvaala nundi doutyavettalache sibbandigaa undevaaru.
swaatantraanni punaruddharinchadam.
1980la chivaralo, soviet palanaku vyatiraekamgaa poura pratighatana yokka bhaarii pracharam praarambhamaindi, dheenini gaanam viplavam anie pilustaaru. 1989 augustu 23naa, rendu millionla mandhi maanava golusu gala baltic maargam, tallin nundi vilnius varaku 600 kimmy varaku vistarinchi undhi. eee pracharam nepathyamlo, gorbachev prabhutvam baltic republicla nishkramana "anivaryam" gaa maarindani praivetugaa nirdhaarinchindi. eee prakriya soviet union radduku dohadapadindi, itara soviet republiclaku ussr nundi vidipovadaaniki oka udaaharanagaa nilichindi. soviet union 1991 septembaru 6naa moodu baltic raashtraala swaatantryaanni gurtinchindi. 1993 augustu nundi dalaalu eee praantam nundi (lithuvania nundi praarambhinchi) upasamharinchabaddaayi. chivari russian dalaalu 1994 augustulo akkada nundi upasamharinchabaddaayi. balticlo chivari russian sainika radar ayina scrunda-1,1998 augustulo adhikarikamga karyakalapalanu nilipivesindi.
21va sataabdam.
eee moodu nedu udaaravaada prajaswamyalu, ekasabha paarlamentulu naalugu samvatsaraala kaalaaniki prajaadarana pondina ootu dwara ennukoobaddaayi estonialo rijikogu, latvialo saima mariyu lithuvenialo seamas. latvia mariyu estonialo, adhyakshudu paarlamentu dwara ennukoobadataaru, ayithe lithuvenialo pakshika-adhyaksha vyavastha undhi, dheeni dwara adhyakshudu prajaadarana pondina ootu dwara ennukoobadataaru. vaarantaa european union (iyu) loe bhaagam mariyu uttara atlantic oppandam samstha (naato) sabhyulu.
pracchanna yuddha kaalamlo baltic rashtraalapai soviet aadhipatyam chattaviruddhamaina aakramana mariyu vileenam anae vaari vaadananu nokki chebutuu, 1918 nundi 1940 varaku unikilo unna saarvabhouma dhesha punaruddharanagaa moodu deshaalu prati okkati prakatinchukunnaayi.
adhe chattaparamaina vivarananu united states, united kingdom mariyu chaalaa itara paaschaatya prajaswamyalu panchukunnayi, vaaru estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvenianu soviet unionlo balavantamgaa cherchadam chattaviruddhamani bhaavinchaaru. kaneesam adhikarikamga, chaalaa paaschaatya prajaswamyalu moodu baltic rashtraalanu soviet unionlo bhagaluga eppuduu pariganinchaledu. baltic swaatantryaaniki eee maddatuku australia klupta minahayimpu 1974loe, australia kaarmika prabhutvam soviet dominiannu gurtinchindi, conny eee nirnayaanni tadupari australian paarlamentu tippikottindi. itara minahaayimpulalo sweeden, idhi mottamodati paaschaatya desham, mariyu alaa chesina chaalaa koddimandilo okati, baltic rashtraalanu soviet unionlo cherchadaanni chattabaddhamainadiga gurtinchindi.
baltic rashtraalu tama swaatantryaanni punaruddharinchina taruvaata, paschima airopatho ekikarana oka pradhana vyuuhaatmaka lakshyamgaa maarindi. 2002loe, baltic prabhutvaalu european unionlo chaeradaaniki mariyu naato sabhyuluga maaradaaniki darakhaastu chesaayi. eee mugguru 2004 marchi 29naa naato sabhyuluga maari, 2004 mae 1naa iyu loe cheraaru. 
praantiiya sahakaram.
swaatantryam kosam baltic poraatam samayamlo, (aaa samayamlo gurtinchabadani) baltic videsanga mantrulu mariyu nordic videsanga mantrula madhya vyaktigata sneham abhivruddhi chendindi. eee sneham 1992loe baltic samudra raashtraala mandali mariyu 1993loe euro faculty erpaatuku daariteesindi.
1994 mariyu 2004 madhya, baltic raashtraala tamalo taamu vaanijyam cheyalane korika nundi kakunda, iyu loki pravesinchadaaniki deshaalanu siddham cheyadamlo sahaayapadataaniki bafta swechhaa vaanijya oppandam sthaapinchabadindi. migilina european marketku praapyata pondadaaniki baltic deshaalu ekkuva aasakti chupayi.
prastutam, baltic raashtraala prabhutvaalu adhyakshulu, paarlamentu speakerlu, prabhutva adhipatulu mariyu videsanga mantrula madhya sahakaaramtho sahaa aneka vidhaluga sahakaristunnaayi. 1991 november 8naa, prati paarlamentu nundi 15 nundi 20 empeelanu kaligi unna baltic assembly, antar-parliamentary sahakaranni sulabhataram cheyadaaniki sthaapinchabadindi. antar prabhutva sahakaranni sulabhataram cheyadaaniki 1994 juun 13naa baltic council off ministers sthaapinchabadindi. 2003 nundi, rendu samsthala madhya samanvayam undhi.
airopaloni nordic council ledhaa vaisgrad group vanti itara praantiiya samuuhaalatoe poliste, baltic sahakaram chaalaa parimitamgaa untundi. moodu deshaalu kooda kotta hansiatic leaglo sabhyuluga unnaayi, idhi oka saadhaarana aardhika sthithini samarthinchadaaniki erpadina uttara european union raashtraala anadhikaarika samuuham.
aardhika vyavasthalu.
aardhikamgaa, raajakeeya maarpulaku samaantaramgaa mariyu prajaasvaamyaaniki parivartana-chattabaddhamaina raashtraala niyamamgaa-deshaala munupati command aardhika vyavasthalu chattam dwara market aardhika vyavasthalugaa marchabaddayi, mariyu pradhana sthuula aardhika kaarakaalanu erpaatu chesaayi ledhaa punaruddharinchaayih budget niyamaalu, jaateeya audit, jaateeya currency mariyu kendra byaanku. saadhaaranamgaa, vaaru twaralone eee krindi samasyalanu edurkonnaruh adhika dravyolbanam, adhika nirudyogam, takkuva aardhika vruddhi mariyu adhika prabhutva runam. pariseelinchina praantamloo dravyolbana raetu 2000 natiki saapekshamgaa twaragaa 5 saatam kante takkuvagaa padipoyindi. adhe samayamlo, eee aardhika vyavasthalu sthireekarinchabaddaayi, 2004loe avanni european unionlo cheraayi. vaariki kotta sthuula aardhika avasaralu talettaayi; mastrict pramaanaalu tappanisari ayyayi, taruvaata sthirathvam mariyu vruddhi oppandam six pyaak yokka nibandhanalu mariyu aadesaalanu amalu cheyadam dwara jaateeya chattam dwara kathinamaina niyamaalanu erpaatu chesindi, endukante aardhika sankshobham oka digbhraantikaramaina mylurayi.
eee moodu deshaalu european union mariyu eurozone yokka sabhya deshaalu. avi prapancha byankuche adhika-aadaaya aardhika vyavasthalugaa vargeekarinchabaddaayi mariyu adhika maanava abhivruddhi suuchikanu nirvahistaayi. estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania kooda eee kathalo sabhyulu.
estonia 2011 janavarilo euro karenseeni, 2014 janavarilo latvianu, 2015 janavarilo lithuvenianu sweekarinchindi.
baltic raashtraala shakti bhadrata.
saadhaaranamgaa indhana bhadrata anae bhavana nirantaraaya sarafara, taginanta indhana nilva, indhana rangam yokka adhunaatana saanketika abhivruddhi mariyu paryaavarana nibandhanalaku sambandhinchinadi. itara adhyayanalu eee jaabitaaku itara suuchikalanu jodistai indhana sarafaraadaarula vaividhyam, indhana digumati aadharapadatam mariyu raajakeeya vyavastha yokka durbalatvam.
ippudu kooda european unionlo bhaagamgaa unnanduna, estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania ippatikee shakti rangamlo atyanta haani kaliginche iyu sabhya deshaalugaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi. vaari soviet gatam kaaranamgaa, baltic raashtraalaku russia nundi vachhe vaari bhuubhaagaalapai aneka gyaas pipelinelu unnaayi. antekakunda, soviet kaalam nundi chamuru pampinheeki aneka margalu kooda konasagai ivi ventspils, butzing mariyu tallin looni odarevulu. anduvalla, estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania viniyogamlo matrame kakunda, lavadevila rusumulanu sekarinche russian indhanaala pampinheelo kooda mukhyamaina paatra poeshistaayi. kabatti, oka vaipu nundi russia yokka indhana sarafaraapai mottam iyu aadharapadatam mariyu vaari sameepa hydrocarbon-sampanna porugu nundi shakti indhanaalanu digumati chesukovadaniki baltic raashtraala avasaram estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania yokka shakti bhadratanu pramaadamloo padese udriktatanu srushtistundi.
2004 nundi iyu loe bhaagamgaa, baltic rashtraalu shakti, paryaavarana mariyu bhadrata rangaalalo iyu nibandhanalanu paatinchaali. greenhouse udgaaraalanu 20 saataaniki tagginchadam, punarutpaadaka indhanaala nundi shakti utpattini 20 saataaniki penchadam, mottam vatalo 20 saatam shakti saamarthya abhivruddhi vanti lakshyaalato kuudina 2020 vaataavarana mariyu shakti vyuuhamtoe sahaa european union vaataavaranam mariyu shakti packagy, baltic raashtraala indhana bhadrata vaikharini meruguparachadaaniki EU vartimpajesina atyanta mukhyamaina patraalalo okati.
gananalu aardhikamgaa matrame kakunda, saanketika mariyu shakti sambandhita kaarakaalanu kooda parigananaloki teesukuntaayih ravana mariyu gruhaala yokka shakti mariyu carbon teevrata, mottam shakti yokka vaanijya samatulyata, shakti digumati aadharapadatam, shakti misramam yokka vaividhyeekarana modalainavi. 2008 nundi, baltic rashtraalu tama shakti bhadrata scorelo saanukuula maarpunu anubhavistunnaayani perkonabadindi. 2006loe druzba gyaas pipeline moosiveyadam valla vaaru tama chamuru digumati sarafaraadaarulanu vaividhyaparichaaru mariyu iyu vidhaanaala sahayamtho mottam indhana utpattilo punarutpaadaka vanarula vatanu penchaaru.
estonia saadhaaranamgaa indhana bhadrata paramgaa uttama paniteeru kanabariche desham, conny kotta anchanaa prakaram estonia indhana utpattilo punarutpaadaka vanarulalo atyadhika vatanu kaligi unnappatikee, daani indhana aardhika vyavastha ippatikee adhika carbon teevrata retlatho vargeekarinchabadindi. lithuvania, dheeniki viruddhamgaa, aardhika vyavastha yokka carbon teevratapai uttama phalitaalanu saadhinchindi, ayithe daani shakti aadharapadatam sthaayi ippatikee chaalaa ekkuvagaa undhi. latvia anni suuchikala prakaram uttamamgaa pradarsinchindi. mukhyamgaa, punarutpaadaka indhanaala adhika vataa latvia yokka shakti utpattiki parichayam cheyabadindi, dheenini rashtra bhougolika sthaanam mariyu anukuulamaina sahaja paristhitula dwara vivarinchavacchu.
shakti bhadrataku sambhaavya bedirimpulu, modata, shakti sarafara antaraayam kaliginche pradhana pramaadam. eee praantaanni vidyut samruddhigala raashtraalato (estonia-finland interconnector, lithuvania-polland interconnector, lithuvania-sweeden interconnector) anusandhaaninche aneka vidyut interconnectorlu unnappatikee, sahaja vayuvu pipeline sarafara mariyu indhana moulika sadupayala aadhuneekarana lekunda chamuru tanker sarafara nammadaginavi kaavu. rendavadi, oke sarafaraadaaru-russia-paie aadharapadatam aardhika shaastram mariyu raajakeeyaalaku aarogyakaramainadi kaadu. 2009loe russia-ukrainian gyaas vivaadam samayamlo, thoorpu airopa rashtraalu sahaja vayuvu pampineeni kolpoinappudu, paristhiti tirigi sambhavinchadam mallii aardhika, raajakeeya mariyu saamaajika sankshobhaaniki daariteeyavachchu. anduvalla, sarafaraadaarula vaividhyam avasaram. chivaraku, takkuva saanketika merugudala phalitamgaa kotta saanketika parignaanaala nemmadigaa anusarana jarugutundi, antey punarutpaadaka indhana vanarula nirmaanam mariyu upayogam vantivi. idhi baltic raashtraala indhana bhadrataku kooda muppuga undhi, endukante punarutpaadaka indhana viniyogaanni taggistundi mariyu takkuva shakti saamarthya retlaku daariteestundi.
samskruti.
jaathi samuuhaalu.
estonianlu finnic prajalu, sameepamloni finlatho kalisi. latvianlu mariyu lithuvenianlu, bhashaparamga mariyu saamskrutikamgaa okarikokaru sambandhinchinavaaru, baltic indo-european prajalu. latvialo estonianlaku sambandhinchina finnic prajala chinna sangham undhi, indulo livonianlu anie piluvabade 250 mandhi matrame unnaaru, vaaru livonian teeramlo nivasistunnaaru. baltic rashtraalalo prajalu baltic samudram yokka thoorpu teeramlo sahasrabdaluga nivasinchaaru, ayithe puraatana kaalamlo ellappuduu saantiyutamgaa undakapoyina, eee kaalamlo vaari janabha, estonian, latvian mariyu lithuvanian, prastuta baltic raashtraala sumaru praadaesika sarihaddulalo gananeeyamgaa sthiramgaa unnaayi. prajalu tama sonta acharalu mariyu sampradaayaalato vaeru cheyabadinappatiki, chaaritraka karakalu vaarilo saamskrutika saaruupyatalu mariyu thedaalanu pravesapettaayi.
prati baltic desham yokka janabha aneka kraistava tegalaku chendinadi, idhi chaaritraka paristhitula pratibimbam. modati sahasraabdi chivari natiki paschima mariyu thoorpu kraistava matam rendoo pravesapettabaddaayi. uttaraana lutheranism mariyu dakshinaana kaathalikkula madhya prastuta vibhajana varusaga swedish mariyu polish aadhipatyam yokka avasheshaalu, sampradaaya kraistava matam russian mariyu itara thoorpu slavic minoritylalo aadhipatya matamgaa migilipoyindi.
baltic rashtraalu chaaritraatmakamgaa swedish mariyu polish-lithuvanian meeda danish nundi german (hansa mariyu pavitra roman saamrajyam) varaku mariyu russian prabhava rangamlo swaatantryaaniki mundu aneka vibhina prabhava rangaalalo unnaayi.
baltic rashtraallo aneka jaathi minoritylu nivasistunnaruhu latvialo 33.0% (25.4% russian, 3.3% belarasian, 2.2% ukrainian, mariyu 2.1% polish thoo sahaa), estonialo 27.6% mariyu lithuvenialo 12.2% (5.6% polish mariyu 4.5% russian thoo sahaa).
soviet union balticlo sthirapadataaniki rashyanlu mariyu soviet unionloni itara russian matlade jaathi samuuhaalanu prothsahinchadam dwara russia vidhananni nirvahinchindi. nedu, maajee soviet union nundi vacchina jaathi russian valasadaarulu mariyu vaari vaarasulu mukhyamgaa latvialo (mottam janabhalo naaluginta oka vanthu mariyu rajadhani rigaalo sagam mandiki daggaragaa) mariyu estonialo (mottam janabhalo daadaapu naaluginta oka vanthu) gananeeyamgaa unnaaru.
soviet union tama aakramanaku mundu moodu deshaalu swatantra deshaalugaa unnanduna, communist "antarjaateeyavaadi" (conny prabhaavavantamgaa rusification anukuula) bhaavajaalam anumatinchina parimitulalo, communist party (sarihaddunu daatina baltic jaateeyulanu "burjuwa jaateeyavaadulu" anie pilicheevaaru) yokka gatti niyantranalo, jaateeya gurtimpu (tarachugaa communist paarteeche "burjuwa jaateeyavaadam" anie pilavabadedi) mariyu moodu deshaalalo vidhinchina soviet paalana patla prajaadarana pondina agraham, soviet saamskrutika vidhaanamtho kalipi, uparitala bahulasaamskrutikatanu (soviet union daani prajala swechhaa sankalpam aadhaaramgaa bahulajaati unionga kanipinchadaaniki) upayoginchindi. idhi estonianlu, latvianlu mariyu lithuvenianlu adhika sthaayi airopa-aadhaarita jaateeya gurtimpunu kaapaadataaniki veelu kalpistundi. soviet kaalamlo idhi saamskrutika mariyu raajakeeya konamlo soviet union yokka "paschima" gaa kanipinchela chesindi, tadwara oka russian ussr nuu vidichipettakundaa valasa velladaaniki daggaragaa undagaladu.
bhashalu.
moodu baltic prajala bhashalu rendu vibhina bhasha kutumbaalaku chendinavi. latvian mariyu lithuvanian bhashalu indo-european bhasha kutumbaaniki chendinavi mariyu baltic bhasha samuuhamloo (ledhaa marinta pratyaekamgaa, baltic yokka thoorpu baltic upa samuuham) unna ekaika (vistrutamgaa gurtinchabadina) sabhyulu. latvian mariyu samogitiyanlu varusaga latvian mariyu lithuvanian yokka pratyeka bhashalu ledhaa mandalikaluga pariganinchabadataayi.
estonian bhasha (daani bhinnamaina vro mariyu seto maandalikaalato sahaa) oka finnic bhasha, poruguna unna finland yokka finnish bhaashatho kalisi untundi. idhi latvialo konni dozenla mandhi prajalu rendava bhashaga matlade ippudu antarinchipothunna livonian bhashaku kooda sambandhinchinadi.
sthaanika bhaashalatho paatu, 13va sataabdam nundi modati prapancha yuddham varaku estonia mariyu latvialo vidya, vruttiparamaina jeevitam mariyu unnata samaajamlo german bhasha aadhipatya bhashaga undedi. polish lithuvenialo idhe vidhamaina panini chesindi. aneka swedish runa padaalu dheenini estonian bhashaga marchai; swedish paalanalo 17va sataabdamloo paatasaalalu sthaapinchabaddaayi mariyu vidya pracharam cheyabadindi. estonialo swedish bhasha ippatikee undhi, mukhyamgaa uttara estonialoni estonian sweedanlu mariyu dveepaalalooni estonian swedish mandalikam (1944loe yuu. ess. aarr. estoniapai daadi chesi tirigi aakraminchukunnanduna chaalaa mandhi sweedanku paaripoyinappatiki). estoniatho bhasha sambandham mariyu soviet yugamlo finnish prasaaraalaku vistrutamgaa bahirgatam kavadam valla estonialo finnish loe kooda gananeeyamaina naipunhyam undhi.
soviet paalana kaalamlo paatasaala vidya yokka anni sthaayilalo russian bhasha atyanta saadhaaranamgaa adhyayanam cheyabadina videshee bhasha. sthaanika bhaashalalo andubaatulo unna paatasaala vidya mariyu paripalana nirvahinchinappatikii, russian matlade sthiranivaasulu adhikaarika sthaanika bhashalanu neerchukoevadaaniki prothsahinchabadaledu ledhaa prerepinchabadaledu, kabatti russian aadhipatya pattana praantaalalo rojuvaaree jeevitamlo konni russian ghnaanam aacharanaatmaka avasaramgaa maarindi. phalitamgaa, eee roeju varaku kooda moodu deshaala madhya vayassu mariyu senior janabhalo chaalaa mandhi kontha russian bhashanu ardham chesukogalaru mariyu matladagalaru, mukhyamgaa soviet paalanalo paatasaalaku vellina 50 ellu paibadina prajalu. prastuta saamaajika, dautya vyavaharalalo russian matlade valasadaarula ekikarana ledhaa ekikarana prasna oka pradhana amsam.
european union aardhika vyavasthalo russian prabhavam mariyu ekikarana ksheeninchinappati nundi, baltic rashtraalalo inglish atyanta prajaadarana pondina rendava bhashaga maarindi. vruddhulalo russian bhasha ekkuvagaa matladevaru ayinappatikee, chaalaa mandhi yuvakulu aanglam neerchukuntunnaaru, badulugaa 80 saatam mandhi yuva lithuvenianlu aangla naipunyaanni mariyu itara baltic rashtraallo ilanti dhoranulanu kaligi unnaaru.
baltic romani roma matladataru.
baltic" anae padaaniki vyutpatti.
baltic" anae padam baltic samudram paeru nundi udbhavinchindi-kaneesam 3 va sataabdam b naati hydronim.sii. (puraatana greeku vachanamlo erastotheins prastaavinchinappudu) mariyu bahusha antakumundu. daani muulam gurinchi aneka siddhaantaalu unnaayi, veetilo chaalaa varaku dheenini punarnirminchina proto-indo-european muulam '* bell' antey 'telupu, sarasamaina' anie ardham. eee ardham rendu aadhunika baltic bhaashalalo konasaginchabadindi, ikkada lithuvanian mariyu latvian bhaashalalo 'telupu' anie ardham. ayithe, eee praantam yokka aadhunika paerlu mariyu eee muulam nundi udbhavinchina samudram, 19va sataabdaaniki mundu rendu bhaashalalo edhee upayoginchabadaledu.
madhya yugaala nundi, baltic samudram 'thoorpu samudram' kuu samanamga german bhaashalalo maplalo kanipinchindih,,, modalainavi. nijaaniki, baltic samudram ekkuvagaa germany, denmark, norway mariyu sweedanlaku thoorpuna undhi. eee padaanni chaaritraatmakamgaa swedish saamrajyam () yokka baltic dominianlanu mariyu taruvaata, russian saamrajyam () yokka baltic governoratelanu suuchimchadaaniki kooda upayoginchaaru. aadhunika paeru "baltic" kuu sambandhinchina padaalu puraatana grandhaalalo kanipistaayi, conny german bhaashalo visaeshanhamgaa tirigi kanipinche varaku upayogamlo laevu, daani nundi itara bhaashalalo sweekarinchabadindi. 19va sataabdamloo, eee praantaaniki "baltic" anae paeru pettadam praarambhinchindi. adhikarikamga, daani russian samaanamaina () 1859loe modatisaarigaa upayoginchabadindi. eee maarpu baltic german unnatavargam tamanu taamu suuchimchukoevadaaniki padaalanu avalambinchadam phalitamgaa jarigindi.
baltic deshaalu" (ledhaa "bhoomulu" ledhaa "rashtraalu") anae padaanni 20va sataabdam prarambham varaku, baltic samudraaniki poruguna unna deshaala sandarbhamlo upayoginchaaruh sweeden mariyu denmark, konnisaarlu germany mariyu russian saamrajyam kooda. forningen norden (nordic sanghaalu) raavadamtho, eee padaanni ikapai sweeden mariyu denmarklaku upayoginchaledu. modati prapancha yuddham taruvaata, baltic samudram yokka thoorpu teeramlo udbhavinchina kotta saarvabhouma rashtraalu-estonia, latvia, lithuvania mariyu finland-"baltic rashtraalu" gaa piluvabaddayi. rendava prapancha yuddham nundi eee padaanni saadhaaranamgaa estonia, latvia mariyu lithuvania anae moodu deshaalanu samuuhaparachadaaniki upayogistaaru.
saadhaarana ganaamkaalu.
eee moodu ekaatmaka ganatantraalu, ivi ekakaalamlo 2004 mae 1naa european unionlo cheraayi, ivi eet/eest time john schedule mariyu euro karenseeni panchukuntaayi.

