
life boat (shipboard)

life boat ledhaa life raft anedi oodaloo vipattu sambhavinchinappudu atyavasara taralimpu kosam teesukuvelle chinna, drudamaina ledhaa gaalitho nindina padava. pedda vaanijya noukalapai life boat kasarattulu chattam prakaram avasaram. teppalu (life raftlu) kooda upayoginchabadataayi. sainyamlo, life boat timingalam padava, dingy ledhaa gig gaa rettimpu kaavacchu. ooda yokka cruiz naukala tendarlanu tarachugaa life botlugaa rettimpu chestaaru. vinoda naavikulu saadhaaranamgaa gaalitho nindina lifeboatlanu teesukuvelataaru, ayithe kondaru munigipovadaaniki kashtamgaa unde mariyu surakshitamgaa prayaaninchagala chinna churukaina lifeboatlanu ishtapadataaru.
gaalitho nimpagalige life botlalo auto-inflation (carbon dioxide ledhaa natrajani) dabbaalu ledhaa yaantrika pampulu undavacchu. oodalloo twarita vidudala mariyu ottidi vidudala yantraangam amarchabadi untundi, tadwara dabbi ledhaa pampu svayamchaalakamgaa life botnu penchutundi mariyu life boat munigipotunna nauka nundi vidipotundi. atyavasara neeti landing vishayamlo vaanijya vimanalu auto-inflating liferaftlanu kooda teesukellaali; samudrateera chamuru platformlu kooda liferaftlanu kaligi untaayi.
ooda nundi prayoginchina life botlanu ooda yokka deck meeda davits nundi taggistaaru mariyu saadhaarana paristhitulalo munigipovadam kashtam. eee cover suuryudu, gaali mariyu varsham nundi rakshanagaa panichestundi, varshapu neetini sekarinchadaaniki upayoginchavacchu mariyu saadhaaranamgaa ekkuvagaa kanipinche pratibimbimchae ledhaa fluorescent padaarthamthoo tayaaru cheyabadutundi. life botlalo sankethaalu, pradhama chikitsa samagri, aaharam mariyu neeru kosam palakalu, mantalu mariyu addaalu chaalaa rojula paatu untaayi. konni life botlu radeo, injin mariyu terachaapa, heater, navigational parikaraalu, solar water stills, varshapu neeti pareevaahaka praantaalu mariyu fishing parikaraalu vanti sarafaraalato sweeya-rakshananu anumatinchadaaniki marinta samarthavantamgaa amarchabadi untaayi.
samudramlo jeevula bhadrata kosam antarjaateeya samavesam (solas) mariyu antarjaateeya praana-raksaka upakaranaala code (lsa) prati life boat mariyu antarjaateeya prayaanaalalo upayoginche life raftlo konni atyavasara parikaraalanu teesukelladam avasaram. aadhunika life botlu atyavasara sthaanaanni soochinche radeo beacon (epirb) mariyu radar reflector ledhaa serch und resque transponder (saart) nuu kaligi untaayi.
muulam.
terachaapa samayamlo, ooda yokka padavalanu tarachugaa atyavasara paristhithullo life botlugaa kooda upayoginchevaaru.
1870 maarchilo, united kingdom yokka house off commons vadda munigipovadam gurinchi adigina prasnaku samadhanam istuu, georg shaa-lefevrey ilaa annadu
1880la chivaralo, maria beasley life teppala roopakalpananu meruguparicharu. aame 1880loe united states mariyu ingland rendintiloonuu praanaalanu kapade teppaku patent pondindi.
20va sataabdam prarambham natiki pedda noukalu antey ekkuva mandhi prayaaninchagalaru, conny life botlaku sambandhinchina bhadrata niyamaalu gaduvu mugisindihi udaaharanaku, life botla sankhyaku sambandhinchina british chattam oka nauka yokka tunnage aadhaaramgaa undedi mariyu "10,000 sthuula register tannulu (grt) mariyu anthakante ekkuva" unna noukalanu matrame kaligi undedi. 1912 april 15naa munigipoye varaku, vistruta kadalikaku prayaaneekula noukalapai prayaaneekulandarikee taginanta sankhyalo life botlu avasaram kavadam praarambhinchaledu. "titanic", mottam 46,000 tannula baruvutho mariyu 20 life botlanu mosukeltu, vaanijya boardu nirdesinchina nibandhanalanu minchipoyindi, dheeniki aame parimaanamlo ooda avasaram (antey.ii. 10, 000 graatlaku paiga) mottam 1,060 mandini mosukellagala padavalanu moyadaniki. "titanic padavalu 3,330 mandini mosukellagala saamardhyangala oodaloo 1,178 mandhi vyaktula saamarthyaanni kaligi unnaayi.
1912 taruvaata prayaaneekula naukala declapy marinni life botla avasaram pedda noukalapai kooda andubaatulo unna chaalaa deck sthalaanni upayoginchadaaniki daariteesindi, idhi parimita maargaala samasyanu srushtinchindi. kuppakulipoye life botlanu vistrutamgaa upayoginchadam dwara idhi parishkarinchabadindi, veetilo chaalaa varaku "titanic" loe teesukuvellabaddaayi.
rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo mariyu atlantic yuddhamlo arcatic mahasamudram gundaa uttara russiaku velle kaanvaaylato, vaanijya naukala sibbandini konni gantallo rakshinchakapothe, open life botlalo manugada saaginche avakaasam chaalaa bagoledani kanugonabadindi. us naavikaadalam vividha samuuhaalu mariyu tayaareedaarulanu parishkaralanu suuchimchamani korindi. phalitamgaa delanco, newjerseylo tayaaru cheyabadina modati pariveshtita, munigipoleni, sweeya-hakku gala life boat; modati unitlu 1944loe pampinhee cheyabaddaayi. eee moulikamgaa kotta life botlu podavu mariyu baruvutho undevi. vaariki rendu pariveshtita cabinlu (prati chivara okati) undevi, ivi mottam 25 mandini pattukogalavu. madhyalo unna sthalam neetilo unna vyaktulanu padavalo laagadaaniki sahaayapadataaniki roopondinchabadindi, mariyu oka convas paibhaagamtho muusivaeyavachchu. kotta rakam life botnu chinna motaru ledhaa terachaapa dwara nadapavacchu.
1943loe yuu. ess. oka balsa kalapa liferaftnu abhivruddhi chesindi, adhi daanilo randhraala sankhya (satruvu agni nundi) thoo sambandham lekunda munigipodu. eee balsa liferaftlu aidu nundi padhi mandhi purushulanu lopala velaadadeesina vedikapai ledhaa padihenu nundi iravai aidu velaadadeese panktulanu bayata unchadaaniki roopondinchabaddaayi. avi chavakainavi, yuddha samayamlo vaelaadi mandhi yuu. ess. yuddhanaukalu mariyu vaanijya noukalapai saadhyamainanta sthalamlo nilva cheyabaddaaru. eee life raftlu life botlu ledhaa kaanvaayloni maroka ooda ledhaa samuuhamloo vaatini teesukuraavadaaniki mundu swalpakaalikamgaa matrame upayoginchadaaniki uddesinchabaddaayi. 1945 juulai 30naa ontarigaa panichestunna cruiser munigipoyinappudu, daani pedda life botlu aevee praarambhinchabadaledu, mariyu ooda munigipoyinappudu praanaalatoe bayatapadina vaaru svayamchaalakamgaa vidudala cheyabadina balsa life raftlapy aadhaarapadavalasi vachindi; chaalaa mandhi sibbandi maraninchaaru, conny balsa life raftlu itarulanu rakshinchaayi; chivariki 1,196 mandhi sibbandilo 316 mandhi praanaalatoe bayatapaddaru.
anni vaanijya noukalu, tankerlu, modus, teliade samudra theera chamuru mariyu gyaas platformlu mariyu konni sthira samudra theera chamuru mariyu gyaas platformlapy 1983 adhyayam III savarana prakaram tempsc (puurtigaa pariveshtita motaru propelled survival craft) tappanisari.
1986 janavari 1naa ledhaa antaku mundu keyles veyabadina vaanijya noukalaku port vaipu oka life boat mariyu starr board vaipu oka life boat amarchabadi, taralimpu saamarthyam kaligi undaali, tadwara ooda oka vaipu jabita cheyabadina life boat ellappuduu andubaatulo untundi. life boat saamarthyam perkonabadindi
mariyu ooda yokka "bhadrata parikaraala dhruvikarana patram" loe jabita cheyabadindi. padavala yokka marinni vivaralu eee certificate yokka "phaaram ii" loe kanipistaayi.
free phaal" life botlatho amarchina noukalu dheeniki minahaayimpu-vatiki oka padava matrame untundi, adhi sturn vadda untundi.
life botlu mariyu life raftlalo teesukellavalasina parikaraalu.
praanaalanu rakshinche parikaram (lsa) krindi vaatini andinchaalsina avasaram undhi;
life boat verses life boat.
saadhaaranamgaa life raftlu kuulipoetaayi, mariyu bhaarii-duty fiberglass dabbaalo nilva cheyabadataayi, mariyu konni adhika-peedana vaayuvunu (vaanijya namoonaalalo, saadhaaranamgaa sampeedana gaalilo) kaligi untaayi, idhi karyakalapala parimaanaaniki svayamchaalaka dravyolbanaanni anumatistundi. solaalu mariyu sainika nibandhanala prakaram veetini seelu cheyavalasi untundi, ooda sibbandi vaatini eppuduu teravakudadu; vaatini nirneeta vyavadhilo (etaa vaanijya noukalapai) tolaginchi, jeevitakaalam mariyu vishayalanu teravadaaniki mariyu tanikhi cheyadaaniki dhruveekarinchabadina sadupaayaaniki pamputaaru. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, life boat terichi untundi, mariyu nibandhanala prakaram sibbandi kramaanugatamgaa tanikhi chesi, avasaramaina anni parikaraalu unnayani nirdhaarinchukovaali.
aadhunika life botlaku motaru untundi; life raftlu saadhaaranamgaa undavu. pedda lifeboatlu davit ledhaa prayoga vyavasthanu upayogistaayi (okadaanipai bahula lifeboatlu undavacchu), dheeniki manavudu prayoginchaalsina avasaram untundi. life boat prayogam ekkuva samayam teesukuntundi mariyu maanava kaaranaala valla vaiphalyam vachhe pramaadam ekkuvagaa untundi. ayithe life botlu dravyolbana vyavastha vaiphalyaalatho badhapadavu, gaalitho nimpagalige life raftlu vantivi.
2006 nundi takkuva mandhi unna padavala upayogam kosam chinna sweeya-rakshana life botlanu pravesapettaaruh ivi carbon dioxide-inflated exposure canopilu mariyu itara bhadrata parikaraalatoe kuudina drudamaina dingeelu. petrol injin raakaku mundu upayoginchina life botla maadirigaane, eee sweeya-rakshana dingilu prayaaneekulanu naukaayaanam ledhaa roying dwara surakshitamgaa munduku teesukelladaaniki veelugaa roopondinchabaddaayi. churukaina life botlugaa vaati upayogamtho paatu, eee sweeya-rakshana dingeelu kooda munigipoleni padava tendarlugaa panicheyadaaniki roopondinchabaddaayi. swayam-rakshana dingy/life boat yokka udaaharana port land puddi. 
samudramlo jeevula bhadrata kosam antarjaateeya samavesam (solas) vaanijya noukalaku ooda yokka prati vaipuna jeeva rakshakalu undaalsina avasaram undhi, idhi padavaloni "andarikee" saripotundi (jeeva raksaka padava yokka perkonna saamarthyam, vaastavaaniki takkuva mandhi undavacchu anae vaastavamtho sambandham lekunda). ayithe, life botlu "sulabhamgaa badilee cheyadaginavi" ayithe (i.ii. naukaasrayam mariyu starboard life boat dekla madhya oka open deck kaligi undandi), nauka yokka saamardhyaaniki taginanta mottam life raftla sankhyanu tagginchavachhu.
life liftlo teesukuvelle parikaraalu life boat kante chaalaa takkuvagaa untaayi. life botla maadirigaa kakunda, life raftlu sweeya-hakku laenivi mariyu motaru kaligi undavu.
pratyeka life botlu.
konni nowkalaloo freefall life boat untundi, idhi saadhaaranamgaa padava yokka anchuna krindiki vaalu slipway meeda nilva cheyabadutundi. eee freefall life botlu, pattukokunda vadilesinappudu neetilo padipothayi. atuvanti life botlu gananeeyamgaa baruvugaa untaayi, endukante avi neetitho vachhe prabhavanni thattukogalagadaaniki balamgaa nirminchabaddaayi. freefall life botlu daadaapu takshaname prayoginchagala saamarthyam kosam mariyu yea paristhitiloonainaa adhika viswasaneeyata kosam upayoginchabadataayi. 2006 nundi avi saampradaaya life botlanu vidudala cheyadaaniki chaalaa vaegamgaa munigipoye pramaadamloo unna pedda vahakalu avasaram. samudrapu chamuru riglu kooda eee rakamaina life botnu kaligi untaayi.
tanker nundi mantalu laeni chamuru ledhaa petrolium utpatti chindatam nundi bayatapadataaniki pareekshinchina agni nirodhaka lifeboatlanu teesukelladaaniki tankerlu avasaram. atuvanti padavalaku agni rakshana insulation mariyu paina paipu vyavasthanu kaligi unna sprinkler vyavastha dwara andinchabadutundi, dheeni dwara neetini pump chesi uparitalaanni challabarachadaaniki spray chestaaru, padava mantalanu tolagistundi. eee vyavastha, injin vaiphalyam nundi surakshitam kaanappatikee, fiberglasto agni nirodhaka life botlanu nirminchadaaniki anumatistundi.
santrupta diverlanu unche noukalu hyperbaric life botlanu teesukuvelataayi, ivi diverlanu ottidi tagginchakundaa tappinchukovadaaniki veelugaa hyperbaric chhaambarnu kaligi untaayi.
united states naevii life rafts.
united stateslo, united states coast gaard saraina rakam mariyu pedda noukalapai life botla sankhya manchi marammatulo undela chestundi.
united states naevii (yuu. ess. enn) aidu rakaala custom gaalitho nimpagalige life raftlatho paatu vaanijyaparamgaa andubaatulo unna aneka coast gaard aamodinchabadina life raftlanu upayogistundi. 25 mandhi vyaktula enke-6 mariyu enke-7 uparitala noukalapai, 50 mandhi vyaktula enke-8 vimaana vaahaka nowkalloo mariyu lru-13yea mariyu lru-12yea vimanalu mariyu jalaantargaamulapai varusaga upayoginchabadataayi. chinna poraata noukalu tarachugaa 6,10 ledhaa 15 mandhi vyaktula vaanijya jeevana maargaalanu upayogistaayi. yuu. ess. enn. noukalapai mosukelle jeevitakaala charyala sankhyanu, bhadrata marginga 10 saatam thoo paatu, garishta sankhyalo unna sibbandi aadhaaramgaa nirnayistaaru. vimaana vaahaka noukalu 254 mk7 life raftlu ledhaa 127 mk8 life raftlanu mosukelataayi. rendoo bhaarii-vidhula vaanijya jeevanasaililanu pooli unnappatikee, yuu. ess. enn. jeevanasailulu arctic vaataavaranamloo 30 sekanlalopu puurti dravyolbanaanni nirdhaarinchadaaniki carbon dioxide kante dravyolbana vayuvuga swaasakriya gaalini upayogistaayi.
enke7 life teppalapai upayoginche bays material anedi paliyurethen puuthathoo kuudina fabric, idhi chaalaa ekkuva mannikanu kaligi untundi. paatha mk6 mariyu konni mk8 life teppalu neopren-puuthathoo tayaaru cheyabadataayi, ayithe, mk8 life teppalalo ekkuva bhaagam kooda paliyurethen fabric thoo tayaaru cheyabadataayi. life boat compactga untundi mariyu pankcharku vyatiraekamgaa redendencyga pratyeka compartmentlu ledhaa "tubela" thoo tayaaru cheyabadutundi. podi, swaasa teesukoleni sampeedana gaalini kaligi unna rendu gaali cylinderlu prarambha dravyolbanaanni andistaayi. modal life liftnu batti, prati cylinderlo 5000 psi varaku sampeedana gaali undavacchu. prati life lift loe bahya, svayamchaalakamgaa actuated light beacon mariyu antargata laiting amarchabadi untundi. lithium byaatareela dwara saktini andistaaru.
usn life raftlanu heavy-duty fiberglass dabbaalalo nilva chestaaru mariyu ooda munigipovadam praarambhistae manaveeyamgaa ledhaa svayamchaalakamgaa praarambhinchavacchu. ooda munigipovadam praarambhistae, hydrostatic vidudala parikaram dwara grahinchina ottidilo maarpu dwara svayamchaalaka prayogam mariyu dravyolbanam prerepinchabadutundi. raatri ushnogratalu padipoyinappudu mariyu antargata gaali peedanam tagginappudu "top-off" ottidiki chethi pampu andinchabadutundi. adhika peedanam nivaarinchadaaniki prati gottamlo upasamana kavaataalu erpaatu cheyabadataayi. aaru angulaala podavu varaku randhraalu ledhaa cheelikalaku pratyeka sealing clamplanu upayoginchi marammatulu cheyavachu. yuu. ess. enn. life raftslo nivasinchevaaru gaali, varsham mariyu suuryudi nundi antarnirmita canopyla dwara rakshinchabadataaru, ivi svayamchaalakamgaa ubbutai. varsham mariyu samudrapu neeru jeevana maargaalloki pravesinchakundaa nirodhinchadaaniki podalu muusivaeyabadataayi. manugada parikaraalalo ivi unnaih manueval riverse osmosis disolinator (mroad), manchineeti seesaalu, vyaktigata aahara pyaaketlu, fishing kitt, signalling mirror, rockett mariyu poga mantalu, flashlight, vidi samudra langaru, pradhama chikitsa kitt, teddulu, vidi byaatariilu mariyu balbulu, mariyu alposhnasthiti baadhitulanu chusukovadamlo sahaayapadataaniki aluminium cheyabadina mylar sheetlu ("space blankets").
prati aidu samvatsaraalaku okasari gaalini nimpagala life rafts servies cheyabadataayi. prati life raft tirigi pyaak cheyadaaniki mundu pareekshalo penchabadutundi. usn life rafts dravyolbanam yokka adhika viswasaneeyata retunu kaligi unnaayi.
itara upayogaalu.
atlantic daatadaaniki modati 19va sataabdapu shipboard life boat "erupu, telupu mariyu neelam", idhi 1866loe iddaru vyaktulatoe kuudina sibbandito newyork nagaram mariyu margate, ingland madhya 38 rojullo daatutundi. 1870loe yaal "city off ragusa" atlantic mahaasamudraanni daatadaaniki rendava chinna life botga maarindi, cork nundi boston varaku iddaru vyaktulatoe kuudina sibbandi, zaan charless buckley mariyu nikola primorac (dia costa). vaaru daanini rendu stambhaalato upgraded chesi, tirigi vachhe prayaanamloo anukuulamaina gaalulanu sadviniyogam chesukunnaru.