
idihel colkhoun

ithel colkhoun (9 october 1906-11 april 1988) oka british chitrakaarudu, kshudravaadi, kavi mariyu rachayita. sailiparamgaa aame kalakhandam adhivaastavikathatho anubandhinchabadindi. 1930la chivaralo, colkhoun british adhivaastavika samuuhamloo bhaagamgaa bahishkarinchabaddaaru, endukante aame kshudra samuuhaalatoe thana anubandhaanni thyajinchadaaniki niraakarinchindi.
colkhoun british indiyaaloni shillong, thoorpu bengaul mariyu assamlo janminchaadu, conny united kingdamlo perigaadu. slade school off artlo chaduvukunna taruvaata, aame londonku tirigi vellae mundu paarislo kontakaalam nivasinchindi. aame thana jeevitamlo chivari bhaganni cornwallo gadipindi, akkada aame 1988loe maraninchindi.
jeevita charitra.
margaret ithel colkhoun british indiyaaloni shillong, thoorpu bengaul mariyu assamlo janminchaadu, henry archibald collebrook colkhoun mariyu georgia frances ithel manley kumarte. colcoun cheltenham ladys kalaasaalaku hajarayye mundu doorset looni veemouth sameepamloni rodwell loe chaduvukunnadu. alastair crowley yokka abbe off thelema gurinchi chadivina taruvaata, aame 17 samvatsaraala vayassulo kshudravaadampai aasakti kanabarichindi.
colkhoun 1925 nundi cheltenham school off artlo, mariyu 1927 aktobaru nundi landanlooni slade school off artlo chaduvukunnaru, akkada aameku henry tonks mariyu randolph shwabe bodhinchaaru. slade vadda unnappudu, aame zii loe cherindi.aarr.ess. meads quest society, mariyu 1930loe aame modati vyaasam, "rasavaadam yokka gadyam", society jarnallo prachurinchindi. 1929loe, colkhoun thana painting "judit show dhi head off holopherns" kosam slade yokka vesavi kuurpu bahumatini andukundi, mariyu 1931loe idhi raayal academylo pradarsinchabadindi. slade loe aame chaduvukunnappatiki, colkhoun pradhanamgaa sweeya-bodhinchina kalaakaarini.
1931loe sladenu vidichipettina taruvaata, colkhoun aneka samvatsaraalu prayaaninchaadu. aame paarislo oka studionu sthaapinchindi, akkada aame modata adhivaastavikatanu edurkondi, peater neego yokka vyaasam "adhivaastavikata antey emiti?" chadivindi."1930laloe aame grease, coursica mariyu tenerifelalo kooda gadiparu. greeslo unnappudu, colkhoun oka mahilanu kalusukuni, aame patla aakarshituraalaindi, mariyu aneka rekhaachitraalu mariyu chitraalaku mariyu prachurinchabadani manuscript, "lesbian shoar" kuu sambandhinchinadi ayina "kairia" kajou. kajou paarislooni colkhounnu sandarsinchinatlu telustondi, mariyu colkhoun taruvaata vaaru kalisi jeevinchagaligelaa londonku vellamani aamenu aahvaninchaaru, ayithe kajou eppuduu alaa cheyaledu. 
colkhoun 1933loe paarislo moodu chitraalanu, 1934loe scatland raayal societylo oka panini pradarsinchaaru. 1936loe, aame cheltenham art gallerylo thana modati solo exhibitionnu nirvahinchindi, akkada aame 91 chitraalanu pradarsinchindi. adhe samvatsaramlo landanlooni fine art societylo solo exhibition jarigindi. 
1936loe londonlo jarigina "surrealism yokka antarjaateeya pradarsana" loe salvador dolly upanyasanni chusina taruvaata colcuhoun surrealismpy aasakti marinta perigindi. 1937loe aame artistes international associationlo cherindi, 1930la chivaralo aame britainlo adhivaastavika udyamamtho ekkuvagaa anubandham erpadindi, 1938 mariyu 1939loe "london bulletin" loe prachurinchindi, 1939loe paarislo andrey bretannu sandarsinchindi mariyu adhe samvatsaramlo british adhivaastavika samuuhamloo cherindi. 1939loe kooda, aame mayer gallerylo 14 taila chitraalu mariyu rendu vastuvulanu pradarsistuu roland penrosto pradarsinchaaru. british adhivaastavika samuuhamloo sabhyudiga kevalam oka samvatsaram taruvaata, 1940loe colkhoun, aame eee. kii kattubadi undataaniki niraakarinchina kaaranamgaa bahishkarinchabadindi.ell.tii. adhivaastavikavaadulu yea itara samoohaalalo sabhyuluga undakudadani messense demand chestaadu, idhi aame kshudravidya adhyayanaalalo jokyam chesukuntundani colkhoun bhaavinchindi. idhi british adhivaastavikavaadulu nirvahinchina itara pradarsanala nundi colkhoun minahaayimpuku daariteesindi, conny aame adhivaastavika suutraalatoe panicheyadam konasaaginchindi.
1940laloe, colkhoun russialo janminchina italian kalaakaarini mariyu vimarsakudu toni dell renziotho kalusukuni sambandhaanni praarambhinchaadu. marchi 1942loe thana patrika "agnipramaadam" loe oka vyaasamlo aame kalanu "steryl obstractions" gaa vimarsinchinappatikii, athanu twaralone aametho kalisi vellaadu, aaa samvatsaram decemberlo aame dell renzio nirvahinchina antarjaateeya kalaa kendram, londonlo oka pradarsanalo pradarsinchindi. vaaru 1943loe vivaham chesukunnaru. eric ratcliffe prakaram, landanlooni bedford paarkulooni vaari studio, snehitulu, itara kalaakaarulu mariyu samaana manastatvangala vyaktulaku bahiranga gruhamgaa maarindi. aaa vivaham taruvaata asantruptigaa maarindi mariyu vaaru vidaakulu teesukunnaru-mathue gayle prakaram-1947loe. 1945 nundi, colkhoun park hill road, hampsteadlo nivasinchi panicheesaaru.
1946loe, colkhoun kaarnvaalloni penzons sameepamlo oka studionu konugolu chesi, akkada mariyu london madhya thana samayanni vibhajinchindi; 1957loe aame paal, kaarnvaalku maarindi. aame thana jeevitaantam carnwallone undipoyindi. aame kaarnvaalku vellina taruvaata, colkhoun thana rachananu prachurinchadampai ekkuva drushti pettindi, mariyu 1960la nundi aame drushya kala yokka utpatti aame rachana mariyu aame kshudra kaaryakalaapaalaku anukuulamgaa gananeeyamgaa ksheeninchindi. 
aame 1947loe mayer gallerylo, 1972loe exeter museum mariyu art gallerylo, mariyu 1976loe nyoon orean gallerylo solo exhibitionlanu nirvahinchindi.
colkhoun 1983 varaku kalanu utpatti cheyadam konasaaginchindi. aame thana chivari samvatsaraalanu lamornaloni cair-homelo gadipindi, 1988loe maraninchindi. aame thana saahitya rachanalanu thana snehitudu derec stanfordku, thana kshudra rachanalanu raashtraaniki, mariyu thana kalalo migilina bhaganni jaateeya trustku vadilivesindi. aame jeevitakaalamlo aame vikrayinchina ledhaa bahumatigaa icchina rachanala copyrite samaritanlu, sabdam tagginche samajam mariyu stand anthonese hospital, north cheem yokka sodari shaashwata vibhaagaaniki vadiliveyabadindi. 2019loe, eee rashtram national trust yokka colkhoun rachanala holdingsnu konugolu chesindi.
kala.
konni samvatsaraalu inglandlo adhivaastavika udyamamlo adhikarikamga palgonnappatiki, colkhoun modata adhivastavikavadiga thana khyaatini pondindi, mariyu aame jeevitaantam adhivastavikavadiga gurtinchabadindi. aame aneka svayamchaalaka paddhatulanu upayoginchindi, veetini andrey breton yokka modati adhivaastavika manifestolo adhivaastavikata yokka nirvachinche lakshanamgaa varninchaaru, mariyu aneka svayamchaalaka paddhatulanu swayamgaa kanugonnaru.
colkhoun 1939loe svayamchaalaka paddhathulatho prayogaalu cheyadam praarambhinchindi, mariyu decalcomania, fumage, frotez mariyu college vanti vistruta shreni padaarthaalu mariyu paddhatulanu upayoginchindi. aame suupar automatism, sthirathvam, parsemage mariyu entopic graphomania vanti kotta paddhatulanu abhivruddhi chesindi, vaati gurinchi thana vyaasam "dhi montic steyn" loe rasindi. automatism aame jeevitaantam colkhoun kalaatmaka abhyaasamlo oka mukhyamaina bhaagamgaa konasaagindi, mariyu british adhivaastavika udyamam nundi aame vidipoyina taruvaata idhi aame aadhyaatmika karyakalapalalo keelaka bhaagamgaa maarindi. 1948loe aame british televisionlo "dhi ii off dhi artiste" anae bbc kaaryakramamlo automatic techniclanu pradarsinchindi, 1951loe aame "childron off dhi montic steyn" anae maroka kathanaanni prachurinchindi.
colkhounku jeevasaastrampai prarambha aasakti undedi, mariyu mokkalu mariyu puvvula adhyayanalu aame jeevitaantam aame kalalo punaraavrutamayye itivruttamgaa undevi. aame prarambha notebooklalo chaalaa varaku mokkala yokka chaalaa vivaranaatmaka rekhaachitraalu unnaayi, mariyu aame prarambha rachanalalo vrukshajaalam yokka vistarinchina chitraala shreni, puurti kaanvaasnu aakraminchi daadaapu chayachitramga chithrinchabadindi.
colkhoun yokka rachanalu tarachugaa lingam mariyu lingam yokka itivruttaalanu kooda anveshinchaayi. aame prarambha rachanalu tarachugaa puraanam mariyu baibil kathala nundi saktivantamaina mahilalanu varnistaayi, "judit holopherns yokka talanu choopistundi" 1929, mariyu "susanna mariyu peddalu" 1930-rendoo adhe itivruttaalapai artemisia gentilechi rachanalaku homages kaavacchu. itara adhivaastavikavaadula kalalo pullinga mariyu pitruswamya itivruttaalaku pratispandistuu colkhoun lingam patla vyavaharinchadaanni daan ades chustadu-udaaharanaku, itara adhivaastavikavaadulu prakruti drushyaalanu mahilalugaa geesina chota, colkhoun yokka "goufers amers" 1939 oka purusha sariiraanni prakruti drushyamgaa choopistundi. aame rachanalalo anekam castration mariyu maga napumsakatva itivruttaalanu anveshistaayi, veetilo "goufers amers" mariyu "dhi paine family" unnaayi, ayithe aame "skilla" vanti stree laingikatanu marinta sanukoolamgaa chitreekaristundi. aame androgy meeda kooda chaalaa aasakti kaligi undhi, mukhyamgaa 1940 la praarambhamlo, mariyu eee amsampai aneka rachanalanu nirminchindi.
shaililo, aame rachanalalo konni "bhayankaramainavi" mariyu "dushtamainavi" gaa varninchabaddaayi. 1939loe, aame "tepid waters (revears tides)" anae panini srushtinchindi, adhe samvatsaram mayer gallerylo aame solo exhibitionlo pradarsinchabadindi. korsikaaloni oka charchi aadhaaramgaa roopondinchina eee chitralekhanam spanish antaryuddhaanni suuchimchavachchu.
1940laloe, colkhoun spruha mariyu upachetanam yokka itivruttaalanu anveshinche rachanalanu srushtinchadam praarambhinchaadu. manastatvasaastram mariyu kalalapai aame aasakti kooda aamenu adhivaastavika udyamamtho mudipettindi.
1940laloe pratyaekamgaa kanipinche moodu rachanalu "paine kutumbam", ivi mukkalu mariyu castrationtho vyavaharistaayi, "sandarsana", idhi bahula rangula kaanti kiranaalatoe chadunaina hridaya aakaraanni chooputundi mariyu "dreamying leaps", sonia araakvistainku nivaali.
1960luu mariyu 1970la antataa, colkhoun painting kante collegela vaipu thana drushtini mallinchindi. aame pani yokka chivari punaraavruttam 1976loe nyoon orean gallerylo jarigindi, idhi pedda sankhyalo kollejlanu choopinchindi, veetilo chaalaa varaku curt schwitters collegela nundi prerana pondaayi.
praarambhamlo prasamsalu pondinappatikee, kalaa charitrakaarulu yuddha samayamlo colkhoun yokka keerti debbatinnatlu gurtinchaaru, eee kaalamlo ii vanti british adhivaastavikavaadulu unnaaru.ell.aame maajee bhartha toni dell renzioku vyatiraekamgaa karapatraalu prachurinchabaddaayi.
vraastuu untaaru.
aame drushya kalatho paatu, colkhoun kavitvam, vyasalu, navalalu mariyu prayaana maargadarsakulato sahaa rachanalanu roopondinchina oka goppa rachayita. 1950la nundi, drushya kalakariniga colkhoun yokka utpatti taggindi, mariyu aame thana kavitvam mariyu vyaasa rachanapai ekkuva drushti pettindi.
colkhoun 1930loe thana modati vyaasam, "rasavaadam yokka gadyam" nuu prachurinchindi. 1939loe, aame "london bulletin" loe aneka chinna kathalanu prachurinchindi, oka vyaasamtho paatu, "neenu chitraanni chithrinchadaaniki emi cheyali?"anie paerkonnaaru. 1940laloe aame "nyuu roade nyuu directions inn art und raiting" mariyu "dhi fortune anthology" vanti sankalanaalalo chinna rachanalanu prachurinchadam konasaaginchindi mariyu dell renziotho surrealist kavitvam pathanaalanu nirvahinchindi. aame automatismpy vyasalu rasindi "dhi montic steyn"-idhi surrealist automatismpy modati aangla-bhasha vyaasam anie aame perkondi-1949loe, "childron off dhi montic steyn" 1951loe, mariyu "notes aann automatism" 1980loe. taruvaata jeevitamlo aame surrealist punaruddharana journals kuu vyasalanu andinchindi. 
colkhoun moodu prayaana pustakaalu rasaru ireland mariyu cornwall gurinchi varusaga "dhi crying off dhi wind" mariyu "living stones" 1950laloe prachurinchabaddaayi; 1960laloe praarambhamaina egyptupai moodava pustakam eppuduu prachurinchabadaledu. 1975loe aame "dhi sword off vision" anae samuel mcgregor mathers jeevita charitranu prachurinchindi. aame "dhi goose off hermogens" anae navalanu kooda prachurinchindi, idhi ekkuvagaa svayamchaalaka prakriyala dwara vraayabadindi. tatwavetta raayi kosam athani anveshanhalo sahayam cheyadaaniki thana maama oka dveepaaniki pralobhapettina ammai kathanu eee navala chebutundi. colkhoun maroe rendu adhivaastavika gothik navalalu, "ii saad water" mariyu "destination limbo" raasaaru, veetilo edhee aame jeevitakaalamlo prachurinchabadaledu; "ii saad water" 2014loe prachurinchabadindi mariyu "destination limbo" 2021loe prachurinchabadindi. aame thana jeevitakaalamlo rendu samputaala kavitvaanni kooda prachurinchindi. "grimoire off dhi entangled dattamaina" anedi 1973loe dhi tree off life nundi prerana pondina oka chinna kavita pustakam, mariyu 1983loe prachurinchabadina "osmazone", aame jeevitamlo chaalaa mundu nundi gadya kavitala sankalanam.
sweekarana mariyu vaarasatvam.
colkhoun british adhivaastavika udyamamlo prarambha khyaatini pondindi, ayithe taruvaati samvatsaraallo aame oka kshudravadiga baga prasiddhi chendindi. aame pani ekkuvagaa adhivaastavikataku sambandhinchina daani paramgaa charchinchabadinappatiki, colkhoun konnisaarlu udyamam nundi thana swaatantryaanni perkondi. 1939loe, adhe samvatsaram aame aangla adhivaastavika samuuhamloo cherindi, aame "london bulletin" kosam oka sameekshalo tananu taanu 'swatantra kalaakaarini' gaa abhivarninchindi.
1988loe aame maranamtho colkhoun saapekshamgaa teliyani kalaakaarini ayinappatikee, elean aggar mariyu dorothea tanning vanti itara british mahilaa adhivaastavikavaadulatho polchinappudu, iteevala streevaada mariyu niguuda drukkoonaala nundi aame paniloo aasakti punaruddharinchabadindi. 2012loe, panditudu amee hayle colkhoun "iravayyava sataabdapu atyanta aasaktikaramaina mariyu phalavantamaina guudaachaari aalochanaaparulu mariyu kalakarulalo okarigaa gurtimpu pondutunnaarani" paerkonnaadu.
colkhoun rachana dwara "surrealism nundi bhoomi rahasyaala udyamam varaku konni british upasamskruti yokka pathaanni vargeekarinche itivruttaalu mariyu kadalikala paraspara charyanu manam chudavachu mariyu pani chese mantrikudi aalochanalu mariyu prakriyala gurinchi arudaina antardrushtini kooda istundi" anie hayle vaadinchaaru.
2020loe, dulwich picture gallerylo "british surrealism" exhibitionlo colkhoun yokka pani pradarsinchabadindi. 2021loe, idhi white chappel art gallerylo "fontams off surrealism" show, seyint barbe museum & art gallerylo "asthiramaina prakruti drushyaalu" exhibition, mariyu unit londonlo "paatala paata" anae exhibitionku kendramgaa undhi.

