
nikolo mariyu mafio pooloo

nikolo pooloo (,;-) mariyu mafio pooloo (, ledhaa matteo,-) anevi venis ganatantraaniki chendina italian prayaana vyaapaarulu, veeru anveshakudu marco pooloo yokka tandri mariyu maama anie baga pilustaaru. marco puttukaku mundhe sodarulu vyaapaaramloki pravesinchi, constantinople, crimealoni sudak mariyu aasiyaaloni mangol saamraajyamloni paschima bhaagamlo vaanijya sthaavaraalanu sthaapinchaaru. oka dvayam gaa, vaaru pope kuu sandesaanni andinchadaaniki tatkalikamga airopaku tirigi raakamundu aadhunika chainaku cherukunnaru. nikolo kumarudu marconu tamatho paatu teesukellina taruvaata, pooloo asea gundaa maroka prayaanam chesaaru, idhi marco yokka "marco pooloo prayaanaalu" anae kathanaaniki amsamgaa maarindi.
modati prayaanam.
nikolo yokka sisuvu kumarudu marconu vadili, nikolo mariyu mafio venisnu constantinopulku vidichipettaru, akkada vaaru chaalaa samvatsaraalu nivasinchaaru. iddaru sodarulu sthiramaina prajala venetian quarterlo nivasinchaaru, akkada vaaru 1204 naalugo crusadelo latin saamrajyaanni sthaapinchadamlo tama desham paatra kaaranamgaa doutyaparamaina minahaayimpu, raajakeeya avakaasaalu mariyu pannu upasamanaanni pondaaru. ayithe, kutumbam nagaram yokka raajakeeya paristhitini anischitamgaa teerpu ichindi, kabatti vaaru tama vyapaaraanni eshaanyamlo crimealoni soldiaku badilee cheyaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru, 1259 ledhaa 1260loe sthiramaina prajalanu vadilivesaaru. vaari nirnayam telivainadani niroopinchabadindi. 1261loe nikia saamraajya palakudu maikhel paleologus constantinopulnu tirigi swaadheenam chesukunnadu, athanu ventane venetian quarternu tagalabetti, dhvamsam chesi, byzantine saamrajyaanni tirigi sthaapinchaadu. pattubadina venetian pourulu andhulugaa maararu, tappinchukogaligina vaarilo chaalaa mandhi aegean samudramloni itara venetian kaalaneelaku paaripotunna overload chesina saranaarthi nowkalaloo maraninchaaru.
nalla samudram uttara anchuna unna vaari kotta nivaasamaina soldia (prastuta saldaq, crimea) kuu 12va sataabdam nundi venetian vyaapaarulu tarachugaa vastundevaaru. pooloo prajalu akkadiki cherukunnappudu, idhi golden hardey anie piluvabade kottagaa erpadina mangol raashtramlo bhaagamgaa undedi. vaaru paschimaana sthiramaina prajalaku tirigi raalerani telusukuni, vaaru thoorpuna velli taruvaata tirigi raavaalani yochincharu. pooloo prajalu tama prayaanaanni saray varaku konasaaginchaaru, akkada bangaaru samuuha palakudu berke khaan yokka rajasabha undhi. aaa samayamlo, saray nagaram oka bhaarii shibiram kante ekkuva kaadu, mariyu pooloo daadaapu oka samvatsaram paatu undipoyindi. pooloo sodarulu tamaku appaginchina vastuvulanu vikrayinchadaaniki berke yokka "ortok" anae vaanijya bhaagaswaamulu ayyaru.
chivaraku, berke mariyu athani bandhuvu hulaagu madhya antaryuddham kaaranamgaa ledhaa bahusha berke khaan mariyu byzantine saamrajyam madhya chedu sambandham kaaranamgaa vaaru crimeanu nivaarinchaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. taruvaata, vaaru thoorpuku velli tigris nadini daati, arabic edaari uttara chivaralo 17 rojulu nadicharu, akkada vaaru gudaralu mariyu pasuvulatoe kuudina konni totter sanchaarulanu tappa yea pattanaalu ledhaa gramalanu edurkoledu. chivariki, vaaru bukhara cherukunnappudu, sodarulu tama prayaanaanni konasaginchalerani ledhaa vaaru vacchina maargam nundi tirigi ralemani grahinchaaru, kabatti vaaru ikkada moodu samvatsaraalu undaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru.
ippatikee bukhara loe unnappudu, nikolo mariyu mafio ilkhanet palakudu hulaagu yokka prayaana dhoothanu kalusukunnaru. dhootha kubloy khaannu kalavadaniki velutundagaa, thana prayaanamloo sodarulanu aahvaaninchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. 1266loe vaaru mangol yuvan raajavamsam nayakudu kubloy khaan peethaaniki daadu (prastuta beijing) vadda cherukunnaru. dhi travels off marco pooloo" anae thana pustakamlo, marco, kubloy khaan adhikarikamga pololanu elaa sweekarinchi, pope kuu rayabariga koyeketi anae mangol thoo vaatini elaa tirigi pampinchaado vivarinchaadu. vaaru tamatho paatu 100 mandhi vidyaavantulaina prajalu vacchi thana prajalaku kraistavatvam mariyu paaschaatya aacharalanu mariyu pavitra samadhi deepam nundi noonenu bodhinchaalani koorutuu khaan nundi oka lekhanu teesukuvacchaaru. aaa lekhalo oka adugu podavu mariyu vedalpu gala bangaaru palaka ayina "paija" kooda undhi, idhi kubloy khaan aadhipatyam antataa vasati, gurralu mariyu aaharaanni pondadaaniki mariyu pondadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. koyeketi prayaanam madhyalo bayaludaeraadu, pololanu ontarigaa prayaaninchadaaniki armenian raajyamaina silicialoni ayasku vadili vellaadu. aaa odarevu nagaram nundi, vaaru jerusalem raajya rajadhani ekaraaniki prayaaninchaaru.
1268loe pope clement IV maranam, 1271loe kotta pope ennika madhya sudeerghamaina "sede vacante" kubloy abhyardhananu neraverchadaaniki pooloo chesina prayatnaalanu alasyam chesindi. eejipt raajyaaniki appati papal legate ayina teobaldo viskonti suuchimchinatlugaa, tommidava crusade kosam ekaramlo, iddaru sodarulu 1269 ledhaa 1270loe venis kuu tirigi vacchaaru, kotta pope nomination kosam vechi unnaaru. ikkada nikolo thana kumarudu marconu marosari kalusukunnadu, ippudu 15 ledhaa 16, athanu chinna vayassulo thana talli maraninchinappati nundi thana attha mariyu maroka maamato venislo nivasistunnadu.
rendava prayaanam.
1271loe pope gregori X (maajee teobaldo visconti) ennikaina ventane kubloy khaan nundi nikolo mariyu mafio pampina lekhanu andukunnadu. kubloy khaan vanda mandhi missionarylanu pampamani, jerusalem deepam nundi kontha noonenu adagalani adigadu. iddaru pololu (esaari 17 yella marco polonu kalisi) iddaru dominican sanyaasulu, nikolo dii vicenses mariyu gilloum dii tripolilatho kalisi mangoliaku tirigi vacchaaru. bhayamtho iddaru sanyaasulu samudrayananni puurti cheyaledu, conny polos conbolic cherukuni 1274loe pope nundi kubloy kuu bahumatulanu pampaaru. dakshina maargam yokka avakaasam unnappatikee polos uttara pattu rahadaarini upayoginchaarani saadhaaranamgaa chebutaaru. pololu taruvaati 17 samvatsaraalu chainaalo gadiparu. kubloy khaan aakarshanheeyamaina kathakudu ayina marconu ishtapaddadu. athanu thana saamrajyam antataa aneka dautya kaaryakalaapaalaku pampabaddaadu. marco doutyaparamaina panulanu nirvahinchaadu, conny khaan prayaaninchina bhoomula gurinchi aasaktikaramaina kathalu mariyu pariseelanalatoo kooda vinodaanni andinchaadu. marco yokka prayaana khaataa prakaram, airopaku tirigi raavadaaniki pooloo prajalu anekasaarlu anumati adigaru, kaani goppa khaan sandarsakulanu enthagaa mecchukunnarante vaaru velladaaniki angeekarinchadu.
1291loe matrame kubloy thana chivari baadhyathatho marconu appaginchaadu, mangol yuvarani kokochin (ill million loe "kokasin") nuu aame nischitaartham ayina ilkhan arghunku appaginchaadu. eee brundam samudramlo prayaaninchi, dakshina odarevu nagaram kwanjou nundi bayaluderi sumatraaku, aapai srilanka mariyu bharatadesam meedugaa parshiyaku prayaaninchindi. 1293 ledhaa 1294loe pooloo prajalu ilkhanetku cherukunnaru, arghun maranam taruvaata gaikhatu paalinchaaru, kotta ilkhan thoo kokochinnu vidichipettaru. appudu vaaru trebizandku velli, aaa nagaram nundi venis kuu prayaaninchaaru.

