
affididae

affididae anedi hemiptera kramamlo affid suupar family (aphidoidia) loe chaalaa pedda purugu kutumbam. eee keetakaalu mokkala aakula nundi rasaanni peelchukuntaayi. eee kutumbamlo aneka vaela jaatulu unnaayi, veetilo chaalaa varaku mokkalu/panta tegullagaa pariganinchabadataayi. avi chaalaa mokkala virus vahakalu (sumaru 200 telisinavi) kaligi unna keetakaala kutumbam, aakupaccha peach affid ("myjus persica") atyanta prabalamaina mariyu vichakshanaarahita vahakalu.
parinaamam.
affids chivari critatius ebout (miah) loe udbhavinchaayi, conny eee roeju sajeevamgaa unna 4700 varninchina jaatulu mariyu affids jaatulalo sagam unna affidine vaati iteevali radiation nundi vachindi, idhi 10 miah kante takkuva moodava chivarilo sambhavinchindi.
punarutpatti.
chaalaa affid jaatulu aneka jaatulato alaingikamgaa mariyu laingikamgaa punarutpatti cheyagalavu.
laingika punarutpatti yokka prati kaalam madhya parthenogenetic taraalu. idhi
dheenini chakriya parthenogenesis anie pilustaaru mariyu samasheetoshna praantaalalo, laingika punarutpatti
idhi saradrutuvulo sambhavistundi mariyu phalitamgaa sheethaakaalamlo gudlu utpatti avtayi, ivi podugutaayi.
taruvaati vasantakaalam mariyu maroka chakranni praarambhinchandi. ayithe, chaalaa tegulu affids alaa cheyavu.
sheethaakaalam oka guddu vale conny vanadevatalu ledhaa peddalu mariyu itarulu gudlu mariyu kriyasilamga
dasalu (villiams mariyu dickson 2007 chudandi). vaati parimaanam prakaram, parthenogenetic vyaktulu chaalaa takkuva abhivruddhi samayaalanu kaligi untaaru mariyu asaadhaaranamaina perugudala raetlu kaligi untaaru.
(dii reumer 1737; huxley 1858; kindleman und dickson 1989; dickson 1992). anduvalla,
affids chaalaa sanklishtamgaa mariyu samvatsaramlone vaegamgaa maarutunna dynamicsnu chuuputaayi, prati daanitoe
vrukshasampada kaalamlo clone aneka taraala gundaa velutundi mariyu
idhi aneka mandhi vyaktulatoe roopondinchabadindi, ivi antarikshamlo vistrutamgaa chellacheduruga untaayi. manugada
gudlu mariyu/ledhaa athi siitaakaalapu affids unna affids sankhyanu nirnayistaayi.
tadupari vasantakaalam.
affids yokka samvatsaraantapu gatiseelata ekkuvagaa kaalaanuguna maarpula dwara nirnayinchabadutundi.
host naanhyata. amaino aamlalu churukuga amino aamlalalo badilee cheyabadinappudu affids uttamamgaa panicheestaayi.
floam. vasantakaalamlo, aakulu floem dwara amaino aamlaalanu penchi digumati chesukuntaayi; vesavilo aakulu paripakvam chendutaayi mariyu pradhanamgaa chakkeralanu egumati chestaayi. saradrutuvulo, aakulu endipothayi mariyu
amaino aamlalu mariyu itara poeshakaalanu egumati cheyandi. anduvalla chetlapai aakulu chaalaa anukuulamgaa untaayi.
vasanta mariyu saradrutuvulo affids kosam. samvatsaramlone affids yokka janabha dynamicslo thedaalu, atidheyulalo eee kaalaanuguna hecchutaggula prabhaavamlo thedaalu kaaranamgaa unnaayi.
mokkala naanhyata talasari perugudala raetu mariyu antar-nirdishta potipai aadharapadi untundi.
prati jaatiki. eee vaarshika chakram, atidheyudu rendu swalpa kaalaalanu kaligi untundi
mokka chaalaa anukuulamgaa untundi mariyu takkuva anukuulamgaa unnappudu sudeergha madhyantara kaalam,
chetla nivaasa affids kosam baga namodu cheyabadindi. idhi modalingnu chaalaa sulabhataram chesindi
vaari janabha dynamics. saadhaaranamgaa vaarshika panta yokka affid mosukelle saamarthyam
mokkalu kaalam gadiche koddi perugutaayi, mokkalu paripakvam chendhe varaku, aaa taruvaata avi perugutaayi.
chaalaa vaegamgaa taggutundi. anduvalla, chetla affid mosukelle saamarthyam ekkuvagaa untundi.
vasanta rutuvu mariyu saradrutuvulo mariyu vesavilo takkuva, ayithe mukhyamgaa swalpa-seasonlo
vaarshika pantalu samvatsaram praarambhamlo takkuvagaa untaayi, samvatsaram madhyalo garishta sthaayiki cherukuntaayi, aapai taggutaayi.
lakshanaalu.
affididae yokka sabhyulu, suupar family aphidoidia yokka itara sabhyula maadirigaane, affids anie piluvabade mruduvaina shareera, pier aakarapu keetakaalu. vaatilo chaalaa varaku cornicals anie piluvabade oka jatha chinna gottalu untaayi, ivi pottikadupu venuka nundi dorsalliga untaayi. cornicals visarjinche avayavaluga ledhaa thene utpatti kosam vividha rakaluga ardham chesukobaddayi, conny eee roeju varaku vaati ekaika dhruveekarinchabadina paniteeru emitante, keetakaalu mamsaharulache daadi cheyabadinappudu avi kovvu alaram ferromonelanu utpatti chestaayi.
rekkalu unnappudu avi "allets" anie piluvabade nirdishta marflapy matrame sambhavistaayi, mariyu rekkalu laeni maarflu "upterres" anie cheppabadataayi. affididaelooni alate yokka munduvaipu (mesothorasic rekka) naalugu nundi aaru siralu pradhana sirala vanti nirmaanaaniki jatacheyabadi untaayi, idhi anni itara pradhana rekkala sirala yokka samyukta kaandam anie ardham. aaa nirmaanam oka kalamkamtho mugustundi, idhi mundu wing yokka puurva anchuna oka ghanamaina maccha. venuka (metathorasic) rekkalu idhe vidhamaina pathakaanni kaligi untaayi, conny nirmaanamloo saralamainadi, etuvanti kalankam lekunda venuka rekka, oka haamulasnu kaligi untundi, idhi oka chinna hook, idhi egurutunnappudu, mundu rekka yokka claval madatanu nimagnam chestundi, rekka beetlanu samakaaleekaristundi.
anni affids chaalaa chinna kallanu kaligi untaayi, saapekshamgaa podavaina, vibhajinchabadina rostrum mariyu chaalaa podavaina antenna roopamlo noti bhaagaalanu peelchukuntaayi.
eee keetakaalu chaalaa chinnavi (konni millimetres podavu), gaali vaatini chaalaa dhooram varaku ravana cheyagaladu. avi tarachugaa aakupaccha rangulo untaayi, conny erupu ledhaa godhuma rangulo kooda undavacchu. avi chaalaa nemmadigaa kadulutaayi mariyu dookadam ledhaa dookadam cheyalevu. affids thene anae chakkera dravaanni vidudala chestaayi, endukante avi tine mokkala rasamlo takkuva protein kantentku sambandhinchi adanapu carbohydratelu untaayi. vaari protein avasaralanu teerchadaaniki, avi pedda mottamlo rasaanni grahinchi, adanapu carbohydratelanu vidudala chestaayi. theneteegalanu cheemalu, theneteegalu mariyu aneka itara keetakaalu aaharamgaa upayogistaayi.
vargeekarana.
affids vargeekaranalo gananeeyamaina vivaadam undhi, sampradaayavaada vargeekaranalu oke kutumbam affididae lopala 24 upa kutumbaalanu gurtinchaayi mariyu itarulu affididetho paatu aphidodia lopala 9 itara kutumbaalanu sthaapinchadaaniki vividha upa kutumbaalanu penchaaru.
upa kutumbaalu.
prastutam (2021) "affid jaatula failu" jabita chestundih
bahya linkulu.
uf/ifas feature chesina jeevula web sait loeh

