himapatam vichchinnam

himasampata vichchinnam (ledhaa himasampata prabhavam) anedi insulating mariyu semiconducting padaarthaalalo sambhavinche oka drugvishayam. idhi vidyut pravaaha gunakaaram yokka oka roopam, idhi padaarthaala lopala chaalaa pedda pravahalanu anumatinchagaladu, lekapothe manchi insulatorlu. idhi oka rakamaina electron himapatam. parivartana praantamlooni vahakalu vidyut kshetram dwara vegavantam cheyabadinappudu, kattubadi unna electronlatho guddukovadam dwara mobile ledhaa uchita electron-hole jatalanu srushtinchadaaniki taginanta saktulaku himasampata prakriya sambhavistundi.
vivarana.
padaarthaalu mobile chaarj carrierlanu kaligi unte vidyuttunu nirvahistaayi. semiconductorlo rendu rakaala chaarj carrierlu unnaih free electronlu (mobile electronlu) mariyu electron holes (saadhaaranamgaa aakraminchina electron sthithula nundi electronlu laeni mobile holes). saadhaaranamgaa bandhinchabadina electron (e.zii., oka bandhamlo) oka riverse-pakshapaata diodelo ushna hecchutaggulu ledhaa utsaaham kaaranamgaa vadulugaa virigipovacchu, idhi oka chalana electron-randhram jatanu srushtistundi. semiconductorlo voltage pravanata (vidyut kshetram) unte, electron saanukuula voltage vaipu kadulutundi, ayithe randhram pratikuula voltage vaipu kadulutundi. saadhaaranamgaa, electron mariyu randhram kevalam christal yokka vyatiraeka chivaralaku velli tagina electrodelaloki pravesistaayi. vidyut kshetram taginanta balamgaa unnappudu, itara bandhinchabadina electronlanu thattukogalige vegavantamaina vegamtho mobile electron ledhaa randhram vegavantam cheyabadavachhu, marinta free chaarj carrierlanu srushtistundi, karentnu penchutundi mariyu marinta "nock avt" prakriyalaku daariteestundi mariyu himapaataanni srushtistundi. eee vidhamgaa, saadhaaranamgaa insulating christal yokka pedda bhagalu nadapadam praarambhinchavacchu.
pedda voltage taggudala mariyu vichchinnam samayamlo pedda current tappanisarigaa vaedi utpattiki daariteestundi. anduvalla, bahya circuit pedda karentnu anumatinchinatlayithe riverse blocking power applicationlo unchina diode saadhaaranamgaa vichchinnam dwara naasanam cheyabadutundi.
suutrapraayamgaa, himapatam vichchinnam electronla marganni matrame kaligi untundi mariyu sphatikaaniki nashtam kaliginchaalsina avasaram ledhu. himapata diodelu (saadhaaranamgaa adhika voltage gener diodluga kanipistaayi) ekareeti voltage vadda vichchinnam kaavadaaniki mariyu vichchinnam samayamlo prastuta raddeeni nivaarinchadaaniki nirminchabadataayi. eee diodelu vichchinnam samayamlo mitamaina sthaayi karentnu niravadhikamgaa konasaginchagalavu.
vichchinnam sambhavinche voltagenu vichchinnam voltage antaaru. hysterisis prabhavam untundi; okasari himapatam vichchinnam sambhavinchina tarvaata, daani antataa voltage vichchinnam voltage kante diguvaku padipoyinappatiki padaartham naduputuu untundi. idhi gener diodeku bhinnamgaa untundi, idhi riverse voltage break down voltage kante diguvaku padipoyina tarvaata conduct cheyadam maanestundi.

