
france-albert rene

france-albert rene (; 16 november 1934-27 fibravari 2019) 1977 nundi 2004 varaku seashels rendava adhyakshudiga panichesina seashels nyaayavaadi, raajakeeyavetta mariyu raajaneetignudu. athanu 1976 nundi 1977 varaku deshaaniki swaatantryam vachinappati nundi 2va pradhana mantrigaa kooda panicheesaaru.
aayanaku seachellois prabhutva adhikarulu mariyu thoti party sabhyulu "baas" anie maaruperu pettaru. athani paeru tarachugaa kevalam albert rene ledhaa eff gaa ivvabadutundi.eah. rene; ataniki tii france anae maaruperu kooda undedi.
prarambha jeevitam.
france-albert 1934 november 16naa victorialo, seashels yokka crown kaalanee ayina maahe dveepamlo, thotala nirvahakudu mariyu nirvahakudu prais rene mariyu kuttevaadu luisa morgaon rene dampatulaku janminchaadu, conny balyanni forkwarlo gadipadu. niraadambaramaina" kutumbam vaari european muulaalu unnappatikee, unnata vargaaniki chendinadi kaadu. france albert 5 yella baludiga unnappudu kutumbam victoriaku tirigi vachindi, appudu athanu seyint joseph conventku, taruvaata seyint luis kalaasaalaku pampabaddaadu. scholarshipla sahayamtho, rene victorialoni marrist sodarula seyint luis kalasalalo unnata vidyaku haajaru kagaligadu. 1952loe, 17 samvatsaraala vayassulo, reneku switzerlandloni canton vaalaaslooni seyint mauris yokka kapuchin seminarylo vedaantasaastram adhyayanam cheyadaaniki scholarship manjuru cheyabadindi. 1954loe thana modati samvatsaram taruvaata, athanu seyint loe nyaayasaastra adhyayanaaniki badilee cheyabaddaadu. maries kalaasaala, southampton, ingland, taruvaata landanlooni kings kalasalalo thana vishwavidyaalaya vidyanu puurti chesaaru. 1957loe landanlooni kings kalasalalo nyayavadiga arhata saadhinchi, 1961 varaku panichesi, madhya aalayamlo cheraadu. videshaalalo unnappudu, athanu kaarmika party rajakeeyaalalo bhaareega palgonnadu, aaa samayamlo clement atlee mariyu taruvaata hyoog guiteskell naayakatvam vahinchaadu. eee anubhavalu aardhika vyavasthalo kontha rashtra jokyaniki anukuulamgaa unde mitavaada saamyavaada bhavajaalaanni avalambinchadaaniki daariteesaayi, roman catholic charchi vanti sampradaayavaada saktulatoe balamaina sambandhaalanu kaligi undataaniki-rene yokka prarambha vrutti lakshyam archakatvamlo cheradam. taruvaata, rene thana vidhaanaalanu vimarsinchina sthaanika charchi nayakulanu khandinchaaru. 1962 nundi 1964 varaku ayana london school off economicslo aardhika saastraanni kooda abhyasinchaaru. 1964loe thana maatrubhoomiki tirigi vacchina taruvaata, yuva mariyu utsaahavantudaina rene victorialo nyaayasaastram abhyasinchaadu. ayithe, janabhalo bhaarii anyayanni srushtinchina british valasavaadam yokka saamaajika vidhaanaalatho athanu niraasa chendaadu. phalitamgaa, ayana thana dhesha raajakeeya abhivruddhilo paalgonaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. rene oka vaartaapatrikanu kooda praarambhinchaaru, prajalu.
rajakeeyaalu.
1964 varaku kotta raajakeeya udyamaalu srushtinchabadaledu. aaa samvatsaramlo, neti party united seashels (us) kuu mundunna seashels peeples united party (spup, taruvaata seashels peeples progressive front, ess. pii. pii. eff) erpadindi. vyavasthaapaka sabhyudu ayina france-albert rene netrutvamlo vaaru britton nundi saamyavaadam mariyu swaatantryam kosam pracharam chesaaru. divangata london-sikshana pondina nyaayavaadi james mancham yokka seashels democratic party (esdipi), adhe samvatsaram srushtinchabadindi, dheeniki viruddhamgaa sampradaayavaadulu, vyaapaaravaettalu mariyu plaantarlaku praatinidhyam vahinchindi mariyu britaintho marinta sannihita ekikarananu korukundi. 1965loe kaalanee saasanasabhaku ennikaina taruvaata, thana party sahacharulatho kalisi, athanu daaniki swayam palananu manjuru cheyadaaniki, aapai swaatantryam kosam churukuga poraadaadu. 1966loe ennikalu jarigaayi, ess. dii. pii. vijayam saadhinchindi. 1970loe seashels kotta rajyangam, saarvatrika vayojana ootu hakku mariyu ennikaina majoritytho paalaka mandalini pondaadu.
marchi 1970loe, seashels yokka valasavaada mariyu raajakeeya pratinidhulu londonlo oka rajyanga samavesam kosam kalusukunnaru, james mancham yokka seashels democratic party (esdipi) yuketho sannihita ekikarananu samardhinchindi, mariyu france-albert rene yokka seashels peeples united party (spup) swaatantryam kosam vaadinchindi. 1970 navambarulo jarigina tadupari ennikalu mancham mukhyamantrigaa kotta raajyaamgaanni amalloki techhaayi. 1974 eprillo tadupari ennikalu jarigaayi, indulo rendu pradhana raajakeeya paarteelu swaatantryam kosam pracharam chesaayi. 1975loe, valasavaada prabhutvamlo, ayana praja panula mariyu sankeerna prabhutva bhuu abhivruddhi mantri ayyaru, indulo democratic party (dipi) pratinidhulu kooda unnaaru. ennikala taruvaata, british vaaritho charchalu phalitamgaa 1976 juun 29naa commonwealth lopala seashels swatantra ganatantramgaa maarindi. kottagaa nited ayina surr james mancham desham yokka modati adhyakshudayyaru, rene pradhana mantrigaa, assembly ennikala taruvaata, dheenilo seashels peeples united party (spup) rendava sthaanamlo vachindi. eee charchalu 1965 navambarulo seashels nundi kotta british indian oshan bhuubhaagam (biot) loe bhaagamgaa maaradaaniki badilee cheyabadina aldabra, forkher mariyu dess roaches dveepaalanu kooda punaruddharinchayi.
1977 tirugubaatu.
janavasalu laeni dveepamlo raifils thoo practies chestunnatlu mancham ataniki cheppinappudu, athanu "kundellanu kalchadam" chestunnadani, mariyu oka bracenu rashtrapati kaaryaalayaaniki pampinhee chesinatlu rene challaga cheppadu.
james mancham londonlo commonwealth prabhutva adhipatula samavesaniki haajaru kaavadaaniki mariyu raani elizabeth II rajata jayanti vedukalanu jarupukovadaniki vidaesaalaku dhooramgaa undagaa, swaatantryam vacchina oka samvatsaram kante takkuva samayamlo, juun 4-5,1977naa, rene yokka pakshapaata tanzanian-sikshana pondina maddatudaarula madhya raktarahita tirugubaatulo republic adhyakshudiga niyaminchabaddaadu. 2019 mariyu 2020loe satya sayodhya mariyu jaateeya aikyata commission vichaarana samayamlo taanu tirugubaatulo paalgonani rene vaadananu savaalu chesaaru, oka palgonevadu taanu pranaalika mariyu amalulo paalgonnaanani angeekarinchaadu. tirugubaatudaarulu maheloni vyuuhaatmaka paayintlanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. kendra pooliisu stationnu "vaastavamgaa kaalpulu jarapakundane swaadheenam chesukunnaru."dheeniki viruddhamgaa, aayudhagaaram unchabadina mont fleery police stationlo kaalpula marpidi jarigindi. mugguru vyaktulu maraninchaaru mariyu oka pooliisu mariyu tirugubaatudaarulalo okaru eee poraatamlo maraninchaaru. kutradaarulu 1976 nundi seashels pooliisu dalaaniki salaha istunna aruguru british saayudha dalaala adhikaarulanu arrestu chesaaru. adhikarulu mariyu vaari kutumbaalu, alaage supreenkortu pradhana nyaayamuurti, aiden oo 'brien quin, ireland nundi oka nyaayamuurti, adevidhamgaa athani prabhutvam runampai, airopaku eguraveyabaddaaru; dveepaanni curfew kinda unchaaru.
tirugubaatudaarulu sampradinchinappudu, rene moodu sharatulapai adhyaksha padavini angeekarinchinatlu cheppabadindih raajakeeya vyaktula bhadrataku haamii ivvali, antarjaateeya oppandaalu amalulo untaayani, 1978 kosam ennikalanu pranaalika cheyabadaali (avi chivariki 1979loe jarigaayi). pranaalika gurinchi teliyadani niraakarinchina rene, appudu adhyakshudiga pramaana sweekaaram chesi kotta prabhutvaanni erpaatu chesaaru. adhikaaramloki vacchina taruvaata, rene taanu soviet-shaili communistu kaadani, conny "indian oshan socialist" mariyu "soshalistu paan-african" anie prakatinchaadu. praarambhamlo athanu anvaayudhaala nilva avakaasam unnanduna diego garsia yokka hinduu mahaasamudrapu pravaalapraantam meeda aanglo-american sainika sthaapananu vyatirekinchaadu. rene paryaatakampai atigaa aadharapadataanni nirutsaahaparichaadu mariyu "seashelsnu seashels kosam unchaalani" korukuntunnanani prakatinchaadu.
"saamyavaada swargam".
desheeya vidhanalu.
1978loe seashels peeples progressive front (ess. pii. pii. eff) gaa paeru marchabadina rene party, 1979 nundi 1991 varaku ekaika chattaparamaina party, dheeniki ekkuvagaa tanzania, algeria, libia mariyu zii. dii. aarr. nundi nidhulu samakuurchaaru. oka party saamyavaadam yokka kottagaa samskarinchabadina vyavasthalo neerugaa ennikaina adhyakshudu, alaage saasana praatinidhyam yokka asalu bahulatva vyavastha unnaayi. anni raajakeeya karyakalapalu seashels peeples progressive front paalanalo jarigaayi, mariyu adhyakshudiki 17 ledhaa anthakante ekkuva vayassu unna yea seashels pourudu avunu-kaadu praatipadikana ootu vaesaaru. adhyakshudu daadaapu aniyantrita karyanirvahaka adhikaranni anubhavinchaaru, mariyu thana sonta mantrivargaanni alaage jaateeya assembleaki thana sonta adhyakshudini niyaminchaaru. saasanasabha swatantramgaa paripalinchalekapoyindi, badulugaa kaaryanirvahakulu pratipaadinchina billulanu matrame amalu chesindi. rene ledhaa athani prabhutvamloni yea amsampainainaa vimarsalanu sahinchaledu. 
idhi 1979,1984 mariyu 1989 ennikalaloo ayana ekaika adhyaksha abhyardhigaa undataaniki veelu kalpinchindi, indulo ayana 90 saataaniki paiga otlatho vijayam saadhinchaaru. bahula party prajaswamyam 1994 loe praarambhamaindi, conny rene 1993 loe, mariyu 1998 loe mariyu 2001 loe, seashels jaateeya party abhyardhi pratipaksha nayakudu waywell ramkalavannu odinchinappudu vijayam saadhinchadam konasaginchadu. adhyaksha padavitho paatu, ayana ekakaalamlo videshee vyavahaaraala mantri (1977-1979) mariyu aardhika mantri (1981-1989), aardhika mariyu parisramala mantri (1984-1989), pranaalika mariyu videshee sambandhaala mantri (1986-93), antargata mariyu rakshana mantri, parisrama mantri (1998 nundi) thoo sahaa aneka cabinet padavulanu nirvahinchaaru. 1988loe ayana paryatakanni jodinchaaru. chivari adanamgaa, athanu vyaktigatamgaa dveshamto angeekarinchaadu, endukante vidaeseeyulu ennadoo sandarsinchakapothe taanu santoshamgaa untaanani. 1978-84 chairmanga, mariyu juun 1984 nundi Sppf yokka secretory generalga unnaaru. 1979loe, kenya mariyu seashelsloni american dautya sibbandi sahayamtho surr james mancham maddatudaarulu seashels meeda pranaalikaabaddhamaina dandayaatranu chepattadaaniki mundhe kanugonnaru. adhikaarika vichaaranalo france kooda tirugubaatulo paalgonnatlu telindi.
ess. pii. pii. eff. vidya mariyu aarogya samrakshanaku saarvatrika praapyathatho paatu paryaavarana samskaranalatho sahaa aneka samskaranalanu pravesapettindi. migilina africato poliste, seashels baala maranaalu, aksharaasyata raetu, madhyastha aadaayam mariyu jeevana pramaanaala paramgaa baga score chesindi. eee kaalamlo, seashels vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi, maanava abhivruddhi soochikalo aafrikaalo atyanta abhivruddhi chendina desamgaa maarindi. jaathi samaanatvaanni lakshyamgaa chesukuni adhyakshudu rene amalu chesina desheeya vidhaanaala kaaranamgaa dhesha janabhalo ekkuva mandhi unna seachellois creol prajala paristhiti kooda gananeeyamgaa merugupadindi. ayithe, tellajati minority (pradhanamgaa franco-sechelois) ippatikee rashtra paripaalanalo atyanta mukhyamaina padavulanu (mantri mariyu parliamentary) aakraminchi, party naayakatvam yokka rankullo aadhipatyam chelaayinchaaru. thana mundunna mancham maadirigaane ayana paryatakanni vistarinchadampai drushti pettaru. saamaajika kharchulaku aardhika sahayam cheyadaaniki, rene antarjaateeya byaankula parishkaranni kooda prothsahinchi, samudrateera aardhika kendraanni sthaapinchindi. appudappudu tirugubaatu prayatnaalu jariginappatikee, saamyavaadam mariyu pettubadidaarii vidhanam madhya prayojanaala samatulyata kaaranamgaa athani paalana sthiramgaa pariganinchabadindi.
videsanga vidhanam.
peeples republic off chainaatho dautya sambandhaalu 1976 juun 30naa sthaapinchabaddaayi. chaina 1977loe dautya sahayamtho seashelsnu andinchadam praarambhinchindi, indulo paali-technical paatasaalanu nirminchadam mariyu less mamelleslo gruhanirmaana prajectunu abhivruddhi cheyadam vantivi unnaayi. 2002loe chaina maaku $1.48 millionla viluvaina vastuvulanu egumati chesindi, ayithe seashels nundi $100,000 matrame digumati chesukundi.
1976loe seashels swaatantryam pondinappati nundi bhaaratadaesamtoe dautya sambandhaalu unnaayi. 1987 nundi bharatadesa nivaasa hicommissioner victorialo unnaaru, ayithe seashels 2008loe kotta dhilleelo thana nivaasa missionu praarambhinchindi. rendu deshaala madhya sambandhaalu kramam tappakunda unnata sthaayi marpidi sandarsanalato snehapuurvakamgaa unnaayi. bharatadesam nundi, pradhana mantri indira gandhi mariyu adhyakshulu aarr venkataraman mariyu pratibha patil seashelsnu sandarsinchaaru, ayithe reine, maikhel mariyu seashels yokka fure bharatadesaniki rashtra paryatanalu chesaaru.
1986loe, seashels 600,000 us dollarla malaysian utpattulanu neerugaa teesukuvacchindi, conny singapurtho paroksha vaanijyam dwara 7 million us dollarlu konugolu chesindi, tadwara desham singapur naukaasrayaalanu upayoginchakundaa malaysia utpattulanu pondadaaniki malaysiato pratyaksha vaanijyam kosam chustondi. 1988loe samskruti, vidya, kreedalu, samachara rangaalalo sahakaranni prothsahinchadaaniki oka oppandam kudirindi.
rene paalanalo, oka chinna african hinduu mahasamudra dveepa desham ayina seashels yokka saamyavaada mariyu aleena prabhutvam, saadhaaranamgaa uttara korea anie piluvabade peeples democratic republic off koreatho sannihita sambandhaalanu konasaaginchindi. desham gananeeyamaina uttara korea abhivruddhi sahayanni pondindi. sahakaaramlo ekkuva bhaagam sainika sahakaram. 1980loe unifam dharinchina uttara korea sainikulu desamlo unnaaru. sainika sahakaaraaniki maroka udaaharana 1983loe seashels sainyaniki sahayam cheyadaaniki yaabhai aidu uttara korea bodhakulu mariyu vyaakhyaatalanu moharinchadam. adhikaaramlo unna samayamlo, rene anekasaarlu pyongyangnu sandarsinchi, kimm ill thoo samavesamayyadu. 1988loe jarigina oka samavesamlo, ayana corian punarekeekaranaku maddatu vyaktam chesaaru, mariyu prajaasvaamya samakhya ganatantram yokka aalochananu prasamsimchaaru. aaa paryatana mugimpulo, rendu deshaalu aardhika sahakaara oppandampai santakam chesaayi.
dveepa desham yuke nundi swaatantryam pondina oka roeju tarvaata seashels mariyu soviet union madhya sambandhaalu sthaapinchabaddaayi. 1980 fibravari 15naa, yuu. ess. ess. aarr mariyu seashels victorialo "merchant navigationpy oppandam" paie santakam chesaayi. rene prabhutvam afghanistan meeda soviet dandayaatraku maddatu ichindi. 1987loe "dhi sandey times", paerulaeni yuu. ess. nigha adhikaarulanu utamkistuu, soviet union 1986 octoberulo "evon rove" paie tiiraanni taakina taruvaata seashels loe 50 naavikaadala padaatidala dalaalanu dimpindani nivedinchindi; renepai viphalamaina hatya prayatnam jarigina oka nela taruvaata. 1999loe rendu deshaala madhya paryataka rangamlo sahakaarampai oppandam kudirindi.
1963 samvatsaram adhikaarika yuu prarambhanni suuchimchimdi.ess. yuu unnappudu seashels loe uniki.ess. air fores tracking station nirminchabadindi mariyu maahe meeda operationloki unchabadindi. usaf tracking station soukaryaalu seashels prabhutvam nundi leejuku teesukunna bhoomipai unnaayi (samvatsaraaniki $4.5 millionlu). station yokka puurti sthaayi aiduguru unifam air fores sibbandi (iddaru adhikarulu mariyu mugguru sargents), loral corporation mariyu johnson parikaraala 65 mandhi udyogulu mariyu 150 mandhi seachellois udyogulanu kaligi undhi. usaf tracking station adhikarikamga 30 september 1996naa moosiveyabadindi. shanti dalaala swachchanda sevakulu 1974 mariyu 1995 madhya seashelslo panicheesaaru.ess. 1976 maeloe consulate praarambhinchabadindi mariyu 1976 juunloo seashels swaatantryam taruvaata rayabara karyalayamga maarindi. aaa taruvaata 1996 augustulo rayabara karyalayam moosiveyabadindi, mariyu united states 2 september 1996naa seashels nivaasitulaku sevalanu andinchadaaniki consular agencyni praarambhinchindi. eee agency mauritius looni port louisloni american rayabara karyalayam paryaveekshanhaloo undhi. yuu.ess. maritious kuu rayabari kooda seashels kuu gurtimpu pondaadu.
kappindi.
1980laloe aneka tirugubaatu prayatnaalu viphalamayyayi; kevalam modati 2.5 samvatsaraala prabhutvamlo vaatilo moodu jarigaayi, mariyu 1981,1982,1986 mariyu 1987loe kooda ilanti prayatnaalu jarigaayi. 1981 november 25naa, seachellois bhadrata dalaalu dakshinaafrikaa spaansar chesina tirugubaatu prayatnaanni anichivesaayi. apakhyaati paalaina british kalnal "myaad mike" hoar mariyu 43 mandhi kirai sainikula brundam "puraatana frath blovers arder", oka panicheyani swachchanda biir-tagubotula sodarabhavam, paryatakuluga eee dveepaalanu sandarsinchaaru. vaari raayal swazi national airways vimananni vidichipettina koddikaalaanike, vimaanaasraya bhadrata sibbandi vaari lagejeelo kalashnikov assault raifilnu gurtinchaaru; eee aavishkaranatoe bandipotlu prarambhamayyayi, indulo bandeelanu teesukunnaru. ranvepai kuurchunna maroe air india vimananni haizak chesina tarvaata chaalaa mandhi kirai sainikulu tappinchukunnaaru.
rachayita zaan perkins, america anukuula maajee adhyakshudini tirigi sthaapinchadaaniki idhi oka rahasya charyalo bhagamani, united states thana sainika sthaavaraalaku diago garcialo pravesinchadam gurinchi aandolanalanu edurkontondani aaropinchaaru.[""]
united nations swatantra vichaaranalo dakshina africa nigha samstha nijaaniki tirugubaatu venuka undani kanugonnaru; horay, pretorialo kendra nigha samstha (cia) agent nundi tanaku vacchina pratispandananu "chaalaa pirikidi" gaa abhivarninchaaru. ayithe, eee sanghatanalo united states gananeeyamaina pratyaksha paatra pooshinchindani, aaa samayamlo itara samasyalapai cia mariyu dakshinaafrikaa prabhutvaala madhya sahakaram undani kondaru anumaanistunnaaru. seashelslo nirbandhamlo unna migilina kirai sainikulanu tirigi pampinchadaaniki dakshinaafrikaa adhyakshudu rene mariyu athani prabhutvaaniki moodu million dollarlu chellinchindi. 1981 prayatnam aaa samayamlo athani prabhutvaaniki rendava pradhana muppu.
1982 augustulo sainika tirugubaatu dwara prabhutvam mallee bedirinchabadindi, conny 2 rojula taruvaata, jailu nundi tappinchukunna tanzanian dalaalu mariyu aneka mandhi kirai sainikulache balopetam cheyabadina nammakamaina dalaalu tirugubaatudaarula aadheenamlo unna sthaavaraalanu tirigi swaadheenam chesukunnappudu adhi anachiveyabadindi. konnisaarlu gilbert mariyu sullivan operaanu pooli unde atanini padagotte prayatnaalalo, athanu dveepaalapai atuvanti inupa pattunu unchaadu, adhi prati-viplavakaarulu vaari jeevitaalaku bhayapadi velledi.
bahishkarinchabadina pratipakshaaniki chendina gerard horu, mouvement pore laa resistance (emm. pii. aarr) kuu adhipatigaa undevaadu. rene niyantrutvaaniki ayana vyatiraekata londonlo undhi, 1985 november 29naa athani london inti talupupai gurthu teliyani tupaki dundagudu atanni hatya chesaadu. horao londonlo khananam cheyabadindi. 1985loe, horao hatya taruvaata, pravaasamlo unna seashels community sirap (seashels antarjaateeya swadaesaaniki tirigi pampadam mariyu tadupari karyakramam) anae paerutoe oka karyakramanni roopondinchindi.
1986loe, seashels rakshana mantri ogilvii berlouis netrutvamloni tirugubaatu prayatnam, adhyakshudu renenu bharatadesam nundi sahayam abhyardhinchadaaniki kaaranamaindi. operationlo puvvulu vikasistunnaayi, tirugubaatunu nivaarinchadaaniki bhaarata naavikaadala nauka "vindhyagiri" port victoriaku cherukundi. eee prayatnaalu unnappatikee, chaalaa varaku rene eee kaalamlo intlo bhoogarbha vyatiraekatatoe paalinchaaru. athanu aaa kaalamlooni rendu mahaasaktula nundi gananeeyamaina sahayanni pondadaaniki seashels yokka vyuuhaatmaka praamukhyatanu upayoginchaadu, rendintikee tananu taanu kattubadi undakundaane. anachiveyabadina pratipakshamto, athanu chaalaa avasaramaina saamaajika samskaranala dwara adhikaram saadhinchagaligaadu. juun 1986loe, bhaarata naavikaadalam, operation puvvulu vikasistunnaayani pilavabade operationlo rakshana mantri berlouis adhyakshudiki vyatiraekamgaa chesina tirugubaatu prayatnaanni nilipiveyadaaniki victorialoni seashels naukaasrayamloo inns "vindhiyagiri" nii moharinchindi. 1986 septembarulo berlouis chesina tirugubaatu prayatnaanni nivaarinchadaaniki bharatadesam sahaayapadindi, bhaarata pradhana mantri rajeev gandhi thana vimananni adhyakshudu addeku icchinappudu, athanu hararelo jarigina antarjaateeya samavesam nundi seashelsku tirigi vellagaligadu. adhyakshudu rene purushulalo bharatiya hicommissioner nivaasilo aasrayam pondaadani samacharam.
fibravari 1992loe, sthaanika accountant, bhuswamy mariyu seashels loe bahula-party prajaasvaamya nyaayavaadi ayina kanrad gresslaynu videshee kirai sainikula spashtamaina sahayamtho mariyu siah prameyamtho adhyakshudu rene yokka palananu padagottadaaniki pranaalika vesinanduku desadroohaaniki paalpadinatlu arrestu chesaaru. greysley 1992 joolailo seashels loe maraninchaadu mariyu athani bhaarya sylvia, kumarudu neville mariyu kumartelu natasha mariyu yavette greysley unnaaru.
niyantrutvam kaaranamgaa aneka mandhi seachellois sthaanabhramsham chendhi bahishkarinchabaddaaru. 1977 naati tirugubaatu taruvaata migilipoyina french santatiki chendina kontamandi bhuswamulalo greysley kutumbam okati-chaalaa mandhi vaari bhoomini swaadheenam chesukuni bahishkarinchaaru. rene palananu bahirangamgaa pratighatinchina yea vyakti ayina 1980la antataa bedirimpulu, bedirimpulu ledhaa bahishkaranaku gurayye avakaasam undhi. adrushyaalu mariyu rajakeeyamgaa prerepita hatyalu jariginatlu kanipistaayi, conny ivi adhikarikamga namodu cheyabadaledu ledhaa gurtinchabadaledu.[""] 1977 tirugubaatu taruvaata rajakeeyamgaa prerepinchabadina himsanu adhikarikamga angeekarinchaalani aneka seachellois kutumbaalu ippudu pilupunistunnaayi. athanu tellagaa unnappatikee, spashtamaina african puurveekulatoo dveepavaasulalo goppa maddatunu pondaadu.
prajaswamyam.
desham yokka videshee sahaya praathamika vanarula nundi perugutunna ottidini edurkonna rene paripalana 1990la praarambhamlo marinta prajaasvaamya paalana vaipu payaninchadam praarambhinchindi. berlin goda koolipovadam, soviet union raddu taruvaata, 1991 december 4naa seashels peeples progressive front (ess. pii. pii. eff) yokka asaadhaarana congress loe, pratipakshaalu, france, grate britainla ottidilo, adhyakshudu rene daadaapu 16 samvatsaraala yeka-party paalana tarvaata bahula party prabhutva vyavasthaku tirigi vastunnatlu prakatinchaaru. 1991 december 27naa, raajakeeya paarteela namodunu anumatinchadaaniki seashels rajyangam savarinchabadindi. seashelsku tirigi vacchina bahishkrutulalo james mancham unnaaru, athanu 1992 eprillo thana party ayina democratic party (dipi) nii punaruddharinchadaaniki tirigi vacchaadu. aaa nela chivari natiki, enimidi raajakeeya paarteelu parivartana prakriya yokka modati dasalo pootii cheyadaaniki namodu chesukunnayi rajyanga commissionku ennikalu, idhi 1992 joolailo jarigindi.
rajyanga commissionlo 22 mandhi ennikaina sabhyulu unnaaru, veerilo 14 mandhi ess. pii. pii. eff nundi mariyu 8 mandhi dii. pii nundi unnaaru. idhi 1992 augustu 27naa pani praarambhinchindi, adhyakshudu rene mariyu mancham iddaroo jaateeya sayodhya mariyu kotta prajaasvaamya rajyangampai ekaabhipraayam kosam pilupunicchaaru. kotta rajyangam yokka modati musaida 1992loe avasaramaina 60 saatam otarlanu andukovadamlo viphalamaindi, conny 1993loe savarinchina samskarana aamodinchabadindi. 1993 mae 7naa ekaabhipraayam kudirindi, mariyu daanini aamodinchadaaniki prajabhipraya sekarana juunloo jarigindi. musaida otarulaku anukuulamgaa 73.9% thoo mariyu vyatiraekamgaa 24.1% thoo aamodinchabadindi.
kotta rajyangam prakaram 1974 nundi jarigina modati bahula party adhyaksha mariyu saasanasabha ennikalu 1993 juulai madhya jarigaayi, alaage president reneku adbhutamaina vijayam labhinchindi. moodu raajakeeya samuuhaalu-ess. pii. pii. eff, dii. pii, mariyu united pratipakshaalu (yuu. oo)-party seselvatho sahaa moodu chinna raajakeeya paarteela sankeernam ennikalaloo pootii chesaayi. maroe rendu chinna pratipaksha paarteelu dipitho tama sthaanaanni akraminchayi. palgone anni paarteelu mariyu antarjaateeya pariseelakula samuuhaalu phalitaalanu "svaechchaayutamainavi mariyu nyaayamainavi" gaa angeekarinchaayi.
mugguru abhyardhulu 1998 marchi adhyaksha ennikallo pootii chesaru france-albert rene off dhi ess. pii. pii. eff, james mancham off dhi dipi, mariyu waywell ramkalavan. adhyakshudu rene mariyu athani ess. pii. pii. eff. bhaarii ettuna vijayam saadhinchaaru. ennikalaloo adhyakshudi prajaadarana 1993loe 59.5% nundi 1998loe 66.6% kuu perigindi, ayithe SPPF 1998 jaateeya assembly ennikalaloo namodaina mottam otlalo 61.7% nuu sampaadinchindi, 1993loe 56.5% thoo poliste. 1999loe, mancham pradhana pratipaksha partyga avatarinchina centrist liberal seashels national party (SNP) kii maarindi, 2002 parliamentary ennikalaloo 42 saatam otlatho SPPF chetilo odipoyindi. 2004loe thana rashtra prasangamlo, france-albert rene ilaa annadu, "meeru maa dveepaala gundaa nadichinapudu, neenu oka seachellois karmikudiga naa kartavyaanni nirvartinchaanani meeru nirdhaaristaarani neenu nammutunnaanu".
rajinama mariyu taruvaata jeevitam.
2004 fibravari 24naa, rene thana deerghakaala leftinent, comrade mariyu vais president james alix maikhel (2016 varaku panichesina) kuu anukuulamgaa padaveeviramana chestaanani prakatinchaaru, athanu 1996 nundi padaviloe unnadu. athanu juulai 14naa alaa chesaadu, aaa taruvaata athanu prajala pragatiseela frontku nayakudiga konasagaru, idhi atanini daani pooshakudigaa mariyu vyavasthapakudigaa gowravinchindi. antaku mundu, athanu australialo oka gaddibeedunu konnadu, akkada athanu thana migilina jeevitaanni thana moodava bhaaryatho gadapadaniki velutunnadu. 2006 adhyaksha ennikallo michel, snp nayakudu ramkalavanku vyatiraekamgaa 53.5% otutho vijayam saadhinchaadu. france-albert rene kooda british charitrakaarudu doctor. kevin shillington. 2014loe prachurinchabadina puurti-nidivi jeevita charitra, rajakeeyaalalo ayana prarambha samvatsaraalu mariyu valasavaadaaniki vyatiraekamgaa ayana chesina poraataanni vislaeshistumdi. ayithe, rene yokka raajakeeya shakti kalakramena balaheenapadindi, phalitamgaa athani party 2016 parliamentary ennikalaloo pratipakshaaniki odipoyindi. 2004loe padaveeviramana chesina taruvaata kooda, rene oka saktivantamaina prabhaavamgaa undipoyaadu mariyu athanu upayoginchina prabhaavaaniki "kingmaker" mariyu "baas" anae maaruperuto piluvabaddadu.
rene 27 fibravari 2019naa seashels looni mahelo 83 yella vayasulo swaasakosha vaiphalyam kaaranamgaa aasupatrilo maraninchaadu. maajee adhyakshudu fibravari 12naa swaasakosha samasyalatho teliyani anaarogyamtho aasupatrilo cheraaru.
rene prabhutvamlo mantrigaa panichesina dollar ernesta ilaa annaru "swaatantryam kosam pooraataaniki naayakatvam vahinchina nijamaina nayakudiga adhyakshudu gurthundipotharu. kotta seashels abhivruddhiki goppa drushtini kaligi unnatlugaa neenu aayananu gurthunchukuntaanu, endukante ayana thana deshaanni nijamgaa preminchaaru "anie annaru. chaina adhyakshudu xi jinping rene maranaaniki santaapam vyaktam chestu, chaina-seashels snehaanni munduku teesukelladaaniki ayana mukhyamaina krushi chesaarani paerkonnaaru.
vyaktigata jeevitam.
1956loe, raenae aangla mahila curran handleyni vivaham chesukunnadu, aametho ataniki oka kumarte undhi. 1977 tirugubaatu gurinchi handley "naa pakshika luton nundi thana communist viplavanni raenae kutra pannadu" anie paerkonnaadu. 1975loe france-albert 1992loe vaari vidaakula varaku konasagina geva sevi aadamnu vivaham chesukunnaru. 1993loe thana kante 25 samvatsaraalu chinnadaina saaraa jarkani moodosari vivaham chesukunnaru, veeritho aayanaku mugguru kumartelu unnaaru. aame thana pillalatho kalisi atanni batikinchindi. reneku aneka mandhi umpudugattelu undevaaru, daani gurinchi athanu kevalam ilaa annadu, "neenu ellappuduu chepalu pattadam dwara oka abhiruchini sampaadinchaanu".
vaarasatvam.
2018 varaku rene oka paropakari niyantaku pradhana udaaharanagaa, alaage baga ishtapade mariyu gouravaneeyamaina jaateeya vyaktigaa vargeekarinchabadindi, maanava abhivruddhi suuchika dwara kolichinatlugaa-aafrikaalo atyanta abhivruddhi chendina desamgaa thana deshaanni nadipinchindi-mariyu khandam yokka atyadhika sthuula desheeya utpattullo okadaanni talasari nirminchadamlo sahaayapadindi.
ayithe, 2018loe satya sayodhya mariyu jaateeya aikyata commission (truenak) erpaatu, mariyu vaari vichaaranalu (nija samayamlo roeju tarvaata roeju televisionlo, mariyu yootyooblo record cheyabadina) himsimchabadina vyaktula sakshyalanu, mariyu hatya cheyabadina, himsimchabadina, adrusyamaina, hatya cheyabadina, vichaarana lekunda nirbandhinchabadina vyaktula bandhuvula nundi, alaage aardhika neeraalu mariyu rashtra mariyu private vyaktula dopideeki sambandhinchina aadharalu athani rikaardunu tirigi anchanaa vaeyadaaniki daariteesaayi. vidya, aarogya samrakshana mariyu paryaavaranaaniki thana prabhutvam vistrutamgaa nidhulu samakuurchadamtoe sahaa aayanaku balamaina saamaajika praadhaanyatalu unnayani ayana maddatudaarulu vishwasistunnaaru. shishu maranaala raetu, aksharaasyata raetu, aardhika sreyassu vanti keelaka suuchikalu khandamlo uttamamainavi. athani paalanalo, seashels comoros mariyu madagaskar vanti porugu dveepa deshaalalo asthira raajakeeya vaataavaranam mariyu abhivruddhi chendani vaataavaranaanni nivaarinchaaru.
landanlooni pramukha asammativaadi gerard horao maranamtho sahaa prabhutva prathyarthulatho kuudina himsa mariyu itara maanava hakkula ullanghanalaku athanu mariyu athani party baadhyata vahistaarani rene vimarsakulu vishwasistunnaaru. 1977 tirugubaatu taruvaata, padaveechyutudaina adhyakshudu surr james mancham thoo sahaa janabhalo gananeeyamaina bhaagam, raajakeeya himsa mariyu kotta prabhutvam yokka swaadheenam mariyu prateekaaraala bhayam mariyu soviet union, tanzania mariyu uttara koreatho samrekhanam kaaranamgaa yuke mariyu dakshinaafrikaaku paaripoyaaru. 1977 mariyu 1984 madhya naalugu vaela seashels desham vidichi vellaayi (pradhanamgaa britton mariyu dakshinaafrikaaku). 1979 nundi 1989 varaku, adhikaarika ganaamkaala prakaram, samvatsaraaniki sumaru 1 vaela mandhi prajalu desham vidichi vellaaru (idhi dhesha janabhalo 1 saatam kante ekkuva). desamloni madhyamika vidya vyavasthaku darakhaastudaarulandaruu tappanisari jaateeya yuvajana sevanu pattabhadrulanu cheyalane thana prabhutva puurva avasaraniki sambandhinchi rene antarjaateeya ottidini kooda edurkonnadu, indulo saampradaaya paatyaamsaala, raajakeeya vidya mariyu kontamandi vimarsakula abhiprayam prakaram, saiddhaantika bodhana mariyu paramilitary sikshana unnaayi. bahula paksha palanaku maarina taruvaata eee avasaram raddu cheyabadindi mariyu samstha chivariki puurtigaa raddu cheyabadindi. maajee rene paalana yokka kondaru vimarsakulu kooda ayana padaveekaalamlo avineeti mariyu chronism gurinchi suuchistunnaaru.