
moritz stainsionider

moritz stainsionider (30 marchi 1816, prostejov, moravia, austrian saamrajyam-24 janavari 1907, berlin) oka moravian grandha pattika rachayita mariyu orientalist. athanu thana tandri jacob stainsionider (1782; marchi 1856) nundi hebrulo thana prarambha bodhananu pondaadu, athanu nipunudaina talmudist matrame kaadu, loukika saastramlo kooda praaveenyam kaligi unnadu. pedda stainsionider illu kontamandi pragatiseela hebristla kalayikaga undedi, vaarilo athani baavamaridi, vaidyudu mariyu rachayita gideon bretcher unnaaru.
vidya.
aaru samvatsaraala vayassulo stainsionidernu prabhutva paatasaalaku pampaaru, idhi aaa samayamlo austro-hangerian saamrajyamlo yoodulaku ippatikee asaadhaarana empikagaa undedi; mariyu padamudu samvatsaraala vayassulo athanu rabbi nahum trebitsh yokka vidyaarthi ayyadu, atanini athanu 1832loe moravialoni mikulovku anusarinchaadu. marusati samvatsaram, thana talmudic adhyayanalanu konasaaginchadaaniki, athanu praagku vellaadu, akkada athanu 1836 varaku undi, adhe samayamlo saadhaarana paatasaalalo upanyaasaalaku hajarayyadu.
1836loe stainsionider thana chaduvunu konasaaginchadaaniki vienna vellaadu, mariyu thana snehitudu leopold dukes salaha meraku, athanu tananu taanu mukhyamgaa oriental mariyu neo-hebru saahityaalaku, mukhyamgaa grandha pattikaku ankitam chesukunnadu, idhi athani pradhana kendramgaa maarindi. athani deshasthudu abraham benish mariyu moravian albert lovi kooda aaa samayamlo akkada chaduvutunnaru. 1838loe lovi gadilo vaaru sannihita (mariyu jeevitakaala) snehitula madhya "dye einheit" anie piluvabade proto-geonist samajanni praarambhinchaaru. yoodula sankshemaanni prothsahinchadam samajam yokka lakshyam, mariyu eee lakshyanni saadhinchadaaniki, vaaru austrian yoodula paalastiinaa nagarikatanu samardhinchaaru. ayithe, prabhutvam daanini anachivestundane bhayamtho vaari lakshyanni rahasyamgaa unchavalasi vachindi; kotta udyamaanni swaagathinche avakaasam unna desamgaa ingland pariganinchabadindi. 1841loe loveeni students yoodu national sosaiteeki pratinidhigaa londonku pampaaru; benish kooda adhe samvatsaram inglaandku vacchaadu. kontavaraku vidichipettina, stainsionider taruvaata 1842loe samajam nundi puurtigaa vaidoligadu, thana chaduvutho poliste eee pathakaanni aacharana saadhyam kaadani bhaavinchaadu.
khandamlo yoodudigaa, stainsionider oriental akaadameeloki pravesinchakundaa nirodhinchabaddaadu; adhe kaaranamgaa athanu viyannaalooni imperial libraryloni hebru pustakaalu mariyu manuscripts nundi saaraalanu tayaaru cheyadaaniki anumati kooda pondalekapoyadu. eee lopaalu unnappatikee, athanu vishwavidhyaalayamloni catholic vedaanta adhyaapakulalo professor kerletho arabic, syriac mariyu hebru bhaashalalo thana adhyayanalanu konasaginchadu. eee samayamlo athanu rubbinical vruttini sweekarinchaalane uddesam kaligi unnadu. viyannaalo, gatamlo praaglo vale, athanu paataalu neerpadam dwara, itara vishayaalatoe paatu italian bodhinchadam dwara jeevanopaadhini sampaadinchaadu.
vishwavidyaalaya vrutti.
raajakeeya kaaranaala valla athanu vienna vidichi vellavalasi vachindi mariyu berlin vellaalani nirnayinchukunnadu; conny, avasaramaina pasport pondalekapovadamto, athanu leepjiglone undipoyaadu. akkadi vishwavidhyaalayamlo professor fleesher aadhvaryamlo arabic adhyayananni konasaginchadu. eee samayamlo athanu "khurran" nuu hebruloki anuvadinchadam praarambhinchaadu mariyu aaron benn elijah yokka "etz chaiyim" (leapsig, 1841) nuu savarinchadamlo franz delitzshto kalisi panicheesaadu; conny austrian sensorship niyamaalu saha sampaadakudigaa athani paerunu prachurinchadaaniki anumatinchaledu. leepjiglo unnappudu athanu pierer yokka "universal encyclopady" kii yoodu mariyu arabic saahityampai aneka kathanaalanu andinchaadu."
sudeerghakaalam avasaramaina pasportnu pondina taruvaata, 1839loe stainsionider berlinku vellaadu, akkada athanu tulanaatmaka bhaashaashaastram mariyu praachya saahityaala charitrapai franz bope yokka vishwavidyaalaya upanyaasaalaku hajarayyadu. adhe samayamlo athanu simham junj mariyu abraham geegarlanu parichayam chesukunnadu. 1842loe athanu praagku tirigi vacchaadu, 1845loe athanu berlinku maikhel saxnu anusarinchaadu; conny taruvaati sampradaaya dhoranulu steinsionider rabbi kavalane thana uddesyaanni khachitamgaa vadulukovadaaniki kaaranamayyaayi. eee samayamlo athanu frankfurt aam mainlo jarigina jaateeya assembly samavesalalo "national-jeatung" reporterga mariyu "pragor jeatung" yokka karaspandentga panicheesaaru."1844loe, david caseltho kalisi, athanu" "plaan derr real-encyclopady dess judenthams" "nuu roopondinchaadu, dheeni yokka vivarana patram" "litteraterblat dess orients" "loe prachurinchabadindi; conny eee prajectunu steinshider chepattaledu".
1848 marchi 17naa aneka ibbandula taruvaata, stainsionider prussian pourudigaa maaradamlo vijayam saadhinchaadu. adhe samvatsaram oxford looni bodlian librarylo ("catalogus librorum hebrorum inn bibliotheca bodliana", berlin, 1852-60) hebru pustakaala jaabitaanu siddham chese baadhyata atanipai vidhinchabadindi, eee pani atanini padamudu samvatsaraalu aakraminchindi, eee samayamlo athanu oxfordlo naalugu vesavi kaalam gadipadu.
1850loe ayana leapsig vishwavidyaalayam nundi Ph degreeni andukunnaru.dii. 1859loe berlinloni wheatel-haine ephrainsh lehranstaltlo lecturerga niyamitulayyaaru, akkada ayana upanyaasaalaku yoodu mariyu kraistava vidyaarthulu hajarayyaru. 1860 nundi 1869 varaku athanu paripaalanalo yoodu samaajaaniki pratinidhigaa, nagara tribunals mundu, "marinta judaic" anie pramaanam chesaadu, eee madhyayuga pakshapaataaniki vyatiraekamgaa nirasana telipe avakaasaanni eppuduu vadulukoledu. 1869 nundi 1890 varaku athanu judeshay "madsen-school" (yoodu samaajamlooni baalikala paatasaala) kuu directorga unnadu, 1869loe berlinloni raayal librarylo assistant ("hilfserbiter") gaa niyaminchabaddaadu. 1859 nundi 1882 varaku ayana "hebraishe grandha pattika" anae patrikanu savarinchaaru. 1872 mariyu 1876loe athanu berlinloni hochshul pharr dye wissenshaft dess judenthams mariyu budepest university off yoodu studiesku varusaga kaalsnu tiraskarinchaadu, yoodu shaastram pempakaaniki saraina samsthalu yoodu vedaanta seminarylu kaadani, vishwavidyaalayaalu anie paerkonnaadu.
thana karyakalapala rangam.
athanu vedaantasaastraaniki chaalaa dhooramgaa unna rangaalanu enchukunnadu, udhaa.zii., ganitam, bhaashaashaastram, sahaja charitra mariyu vaidyam, nagarikata yokka saadhaarana charitralo yoodulu teesukunna paatranu pradarsinchadaaniki ("kultureskichte"). junj yoodu saastraaniki punaadulu vesinappatiki, stainsionider nirmaanamlooni aneka mukhyamaina bhaagaalanu puurti chesaadu. paddenimidava sataabdam chivari varaku yoodu saahityampai kramabaddhamaina survey icchina modati vyakti aayane, airopaloni praja grandhalayalalo kanipinche hebru pustakaalu, vraatapratula jaabitaalanu prachurinchaaru. bodlian ketalog goppa yoodu grandhakartagaa athani khyaatiki punaadi vesindi. idhi mariyu lyden, munich, hamberg mariyu berlin grandhaalayaala ketalaglu, alaage athani "hebraish grandha pattika" yokka iravai okka samputaalu, yoodula charitra mariyu saahityam yokka samachara ganigaa erpaddaayi.
athani atyanta mukhyamaina rachanalalo okati "dye hebraschen abersetzungen dess mittelalters und dye juden alls dolmetscher ine bitrog jurr litraterjurgeschitche dess mittelalters; meastestils naach handschriftlichen quellen", (madhya yugaala hibru anuvaadaalu mariyu yoodulu vyaakhyaatalugaah madhya yugaala saahitya charitraku sahakaram, ekkuvagaa chethitho vraasina muulaala prakaram) berlinlo prachurinchabadindi, idhi 1849loe pranaalika cheyabadindi. ersh mariyu gruber yokka alzhemine encyclopyre derr venscha und constay (1844-47) kosam yoodula saahityampai vraastuu, yoodula saahityampai videshee saahityam yokka muulaala prabhavam lekapovadam gurinchi ataniki avagahana kaligindi. anuvaadaala charitrapai hyoot, zarden, woostenfeld mariyu johann georg venrich yokka monographlanu neo-hebru saahityaanni daani amsamgaa kaligi undela bharti cheyaalani athanu nirnayinchukunnadu. 1880loe institute dii france madhya yugaala hebru anuvaadaala puurti grandha pattikaku bahumatini andinchindi; kontakaalamgaa stainsionider anuvaadaalapai thana pani kosam dabbunu sekarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu, mariyu paarislooni athani sahacharulu, mukhyamgaa ernst renan mariyu hartwig derenberg, aaa amsaaniki vaarshika bahumatini ankitam cheyamani samsthanu oppinchagaligaaru. aaa taruvaata koddikaalaanike, institute dii france greeku nundi arabic bhaashaloki anuvaadaalapai chesina rachana kosam prix brunetnu andinchindi, idhi stainsionider kooda geluchukundi, conny athanu rendu avaardula nundi bahumati dabbunu modati french memoir yokka german vistarinchina samskarananu siddham cheyadaaniki upayoginchaadu, idhi athanu 1893loe swayamgaa prachurinchaadu; taruvaata athanu rendava memoir aadhaaramgaa aneka kathanaalanu prachurinchaadu. 
stainsionider german, latin, french, italian mariyu hebruulaloo sulabhamgaa vrasadu; athani shaili prachuryam pondaledu, "edainaa telisina paatakula kosam, mariyu vaari gnaanaanni penchukoovaalanukunee paatakula kosam" matrame uddesinchabadindi; conny, aasaktikaramgaa, athanu paatasaala-pillala kosam oka chinna paatakudu, "imre bina" (1846), mariyu bombaayilooni bene izrael yokka sassoon paatasaala kosam itara praathamika paatasaala-pustakaalato kalisi vraayadaaniki venukaadaledu. 1839loe ayana safir yokka "pester tage blat" kosam "ine ubersicht derr wissenshaften und kunste velche inn stunden derr laibe nicht ubersehen sind", mariyu 1846loe "mannah", kavitala samputi, hebru kavitvam yokka anusaranalu, dheenini ayana 1848loe vivaham chesukunna thana kaboye bhaarya augusta aurbaakku ankitam chesaaru.
madhya yugaala yokka hebru anuvaadaalu" yokka punarvimarsha, aangla anuvaadam mariyu naveekarana prastutam prachuranalo unnaayi. ippatike rendu samputaalu prachurinchabaddaayi.*
pani chestundi.
kalakramanusaranga erpaatu cheyabadina stainsionider yokka marinta mukhyamaina swatantra rachanala jabita krinda ivvabadindi
itarula rachanalaku vistrutamgaa vibhina roopaallo, aneka rachanalatho paatu ("stainsionider festshrift", pp chudandi. xi-xiv), stainsionider yokka eee krindi swatantra vyasalu pratyeka prastaavanaku arhamainavi
yoodula saahityam mariyu charitra adhyayanaaniki pradhana punaadi vesina steinsionider thana "arabish saahityam derr juden" kuu mundumaatalo chuupina tatvasastra nibandhana, enabhai aaru samvatsaraala vayassulo agneyavaada "vrutti dii phoi" nuu roopondinchadaaniki venukaadaledu."