
papaveraceae

papaveraceae anedi sumaru 42 jaatula aardhikamgaa mukhyamaina kutumbam mariyu rananculals kramamlo sumaru 775 telisina pushpinche mokkala jaatulu, anadhikarikamga gasagasa kutumbam anie pilustaaru. eee kutumbam samasheetoshna mariyu upaushnamandala vaataavaranaalaloo (ekkuvagaa uttara ardhagolamlo) sambhavistundi, conny ushnamandalamlo dadapuga teliyadu. chaalaa varaku mulika mokkalu, conny konni podalu mariyu chinna chetlu. eee kutumbamlo prastutam rendu samuuhaalu unnaayi, ivi ververu kutumbaluga pariganinchabaddaayih fumariacy mariyu terridophillacy.
vivarana.
mokkalu vaarshikamgaa, dwaivaarshikamgaa ledhaa saasvatamgaa undavacchu. saadhaaranamgaa mulika, konni jaatulu podalu ledhaa satataharita chetlanu yerparustaayi. avi latiferous, ksheeradaalanu utpatti chestaayi, ivi paalatho kuudinavi ledhaa neeru, rangu ledhaa saadaa kaavacchu. anni bhagalu baga abhivruddhi chendina naalha vyavasthanu kaligi untaayi (eee naalaalanu "laticifers" anie pilustaaru), ivi paala ksheeradam, neeti tellati, pasupu ledhaa erupu rasaanni utpatti chestaayi.
saadhaarana aakulu pratyamnaayamgaa ledhaa konnisaarlu gundramgaa untaayi. avi petiols kaligi untaayi mariyu oka kavacham dwara chuttabadi undavu. aakulu saadhaaranamgaa lobe ledhaa pinnatifid (i.ii. puurtigaa vaeru kaani aneka karapatraalu), ledhaa chaalaa vibhajinchabadi untaayi. etuvanti nibandhanalu laevu.
mokkalu hermaphroditic mariyu ekkuvagaa keetakaala (entomophilus) dwara paraagasamparkam cheyabadataayi; puula thenelu laevu. konni gaali paraagasamparkam (anaemophilus). karola laeni "makelaya" loe tappa, oka pratyaekamaina calics mariyu karola unnaayi. puvvulu madhya taraha ledhaa peddavigaa untaayi. antima puvvulu aneka jaatulalo ontarigaa untaayi. itarulalo antima pushpinchedi saimos ledhaa racemos. puvvulu vaasana laenivi mariyu kramam tappakunda untaayi.
aneka pundugullu unnaayi, ekkuvagaa 16 nundi 60 varaku, rendu ververu chakraalalo amarchabadi untaayi, bayati pundugulutho rekulatho maarutuu untundi, lopalidi vyatiraekam, ledhaa aneka upakutumbam papaveroidilo untaayi. gynosium 2 nundi 100 carpelsto kuudina mishrama pistilnu kaligi untundi. andaasayam unnatamainadi mariyu ekavarnamainadi. andaasayam kaandam laenidi (sesile) ledhaa chinna kaandam (sharatu) meeda untundi.
maamsakruttulu laeni pandu saadhaaranamgaa oka gulika, idhi randhraala (poricidal) dwara, kanaala madhya vibhajanala dwara (septicidal) ledhaa kavaataala (kavaataalu) dwara vittanaalanu vidudala cheyadaaniki paripakvata samayamlo teruchukuntundi. aneka vittanaalu chinnavi. vaati poeshaka kanajaalam (endosperm) jiddugaladi mariyu farinos. platisteman" yokka pandu oka skizarp.
papa", "orgemon" mariyu "mechanopsis" jaatulalo praathamika chromosome sankhya, "x", 6,7,8,9,10 mariyu 11, "12n" = 84 (dodecaploidae) varaku untundi.
vargeekarana.
epiji III vyavastha (2009; 2003 naati epiji II vyavastha mariyu 1998 naati epiji vyavastha nundi maaraledu) kutumbaanni ranunculals kramamlo, claud yoodikatlalo unchutundi. konni mukhyamaina lakshanaalalo papaveraceae migilina ranunculals nundi bhinnamgaa untundi, conny avi isoquinoline-utpannamaina alkaloidla uniki vanti itara lakshanaalanu panchukuntaayi. paramaanu mariyu padanirmaana samacharam aadhaaramgaa, eee kutumbam lardizabalesi, circasteraceae, menispermaceae, berberidesi mariyu rananculaceae kutumbaalato oka vamsaanni yerparustundi.
jaathi.
epiji III vyavasthalo papaveraceae yokka vistruta chuttukolatalo gatamlo ververu kutumbaluga vaeru cheyabadina moodu vargeekaranalu unnaih papaveraceae "sensu stricto", fumariasi mariyu terridophillesi. anduvalla 1981 naati chronqvist vyavastha fumariaceni oka pratyeka kutumbamgaa gurtinchindi, papaveracy "sensu stricto" thoo vaari daggari phylogenetic sambandham unnappatikee. moodu puurva kutumbaalanu upa kutumbaluga pariganinchavacchu. oka padanirmaana mariyu paramaanu adhyayanam prakaram, maajee kutumbam terridophillesi rendu antima kledlugaa vibhajinchi, tadupari vibhajanatho oka besal sthaanaanni kaligi undhi, veetilo prati okkati fumarioidae mariyu papaveroidae upa kutumbaalalo okati kaligi untundi, ivi spashtamgaa monophilatic. iteevali adhyayanamlo fumarideoidaelooni maajee terridophillesi undhi, idhi paapaavereseeni rendu upa kutumbaluga matrame vibhajistundi.
krinda chuupina fumarioidae yokka antargata vibhajana liden (1993) nuu anusaristundi, "terridophillum" yokka sthaanam minaha. upajaatulu germplasm vanarula samachara network dwara ivvabadataayi. papaveroidae yokka vibhajana hoot mariyu itarulanu anusaristundi. (1997). taruvaati adhyayanamlo, escology tega migilina upakutumbaaniki besal cled mariyu sodari samuuhamgaa untundi, idhi vaerae terminal cled (chelidoni) gaa vibhajinchabadindi mariyu daani sodari samuuhamgaa vibhajinchabadindi, idhi papaveri mariyu platistomy dwara erpadindi, dheeni vibhajana eee rachayitalu samarpinchina dayta aadhaaramgaa kaadu. upa kutumbaala charchala kosam, carolan mariyu itarulu chudandi. (2006) mariyu blatner & caderit (1999).
paryaavaranam.
bokonia" mariyu "makilaya" minaha, paraagasamparkam anedi entomophile (praathamikamgaa eegalu mariyu kandireegalu mariyu theneteegalu, beatles dwara takkuva tarachugaa). paapaveroyidilo, thene lenanduna puppodi bahumatigaa untundi. drushya aakarshana saadhaaranamgaa prakaasavantamaina rangulo unde rekulanu kaligi untundi mariyu tarachugaa besal guidelanu kaligi untundi, konnisaarlu aakarsakulu kooda androsium kaavacchu, endukante rekulu ekkuva kaalam undavu. konni jaatulu, ekkuvagaa arctic mariyu alpine praantaalaku chendinavi, puula suvasanato vaati aakarshananu balopetam chestaayi (udaaharanaku, lavamgaala vaasana "popower alpinum"), idhi "romnia" aushadhaala vishayamlo keetakaalu. antherlu mariyu stigmalu oke samayamlo paripakvam chendutaayi, conny "bokonia" spashtamgaa protogynusga untundi, vaatini chuttumutte calics nundi stigmalu udbhavistaayi. autopolination anedi saadhaaranam mariyu konni sandarbhaallo (udaaharanaku, "romeria hybrida") mogga teravadaaniki mundhe sambhavistundi (clistogamy). aril undatam valla vittanaalu pandla dwara bahishkarinchabadina tarvaata, cheemalu (myrmecocory) dwara avi chedaragottabadatayani suuchistumdi. bokonia" vishayamlo gulika kavaataalu padipoyina tarvaata vittanaalu replamlaku jatacheyabadi untaayi, vaati adbhutamaina erupu ledhaa narinja arils bahirgatamavutaayi, ivi pakshulanu vaatini tinadaaniki aakarshistaayi, vaati chedaragottadaaniki (ornithokaree) veelu kalpistaayi. aril laeni vittanaalu teriche capsules kosam gaali (anemokari) dwara chedaragottabadinatlu kanipistaayi, itara sandarbhaallo avi pandlu kullinappudu vidudala cheyabadataayi. aneka fumarioidae jaatulu paeludu pandlanu (balistic) kaligi untaayi, ayithe "rupicapnos" mariyu "sarcocapnos" jaatulu chasmophytelu, raallapai perugutaayi, mariyu vaati pandla pedunkles mariyu pedicals geotropic mariyu avi vittanaalu mokka yokka punaadilooki pudchela podavugaa untaayi.
papaveroidae saadhaaranamgaa challani mariyu chetlatho kuudina praantaalalo perugutundi, idhi under groth loe bhaagamgaa untundi. avi architic mariyu alpine aavaasaalaku mariyu shushka, madhyadhara praantaalaku anugunamgaa marai, aneka jaatulu ruderal mariyu segetal (mokkajonna kshetraalalo perugutaayi). "terridophillum" madhya suudi-aakulu gala chetla adavula kinda perugudalalo perugutundi. fumarioidae praathamikamgaa bahiranga, raathi, alpine prakruti drushyaalu ledhaa niluvu ledhaa velaadutunna pagullalo kanipistaayi, ayithe konni jaatulu ruderal ledhaa sejetal.
phytochemistry.
alkaloidlu kutumbamlo unde isoquinolinic aalkalaaydlu baga telisinavi. avi berberin, tetrahydroberine, protopine mariyu benzophenanthridine nundi mariyu fumarideoloni spirobenzylisokvinolo mariyu cularine nundi, alaage vatiki aushadha lakshanaalanu ichhe itara samuuhaala nundi teesukobaddaayih aporphine, marphinon, pavin, isopavin, narsine mariyu roidin yokka utpannaalu.
itarulu eee jaatulalo unde itara lakshana padaarthaalalo mechanic aamlam mariyu chelidonic aamlam, alaage tyrosine nundi utpannamaina sinogenic glycoside sammelanaalu dhurin mariyu triglochinine; fumarideolo chelidoneeyelo uchita amaino aamlam δ-acetylornithine untundi.
flavenoids iridoids mariyu proyanthocyanidines laevu. flavonols, kempferol mariyu/ledhaa quersettin untaayi.
veetilo chaalaa mokkalu vishapuuritamainavi. mexican prickley gasagasalanu antargatamgaa teesukunte vishapuuritam avutundi mariyu idhi edema mariyu glacomacu kaaranam kaavacchu. meka vanti jantuvu eee mokkanu mestune unnappatikee, jantuvu badhapadatame kakunda, daani paalu taage vaaru kooda baadhapadataaru, endukante paalalo vishalu pravahistaayi.
shilaja rikaardu.
uttara america paschima lopali nundi vacchina chivari critatius gasagasalu "polyoster inquirenda" yokka silaajaalu nyuu meksikoolooni pandla bhoomilo 74.5 million samvatsaraala naati nikshepaala nundi uttara dakotalo narakapu creak nirmaanamloo 64.5 million samvatsaraala paatha nikshepaala varaku sambhavistaayi. polyoster" yokka dehicent pandla silaajaalu baga telisina "tyranosaurus rex" namuunaa bii 3033 kosam tavvakam pradaesamloe kanugonabaddayi. "polyoster" yokka vittana gulika prastuta gasagasalu "romnia" thoo konni saaruupyatalanu kaligi undhi.
germany yokka eocene nundi vacchina papeverites anae pandu papeverasiatho sambandham kaligi undavacchu. chesterlu mariyu itarulu. (1967) ingland yokka oligocene nundi papawar pictum gurinchi prastaavinchindi.
saagu.
california gasagasalu ("escoltgia california", california rashtra puvvu), adbhutamaina neelam himalayan gasagasalu ("mechanopsis"), aneka jaatula "popower" mariyu adavi puvvu raktapu muulalu vanti aneka jaatulu alankaara mokkaluga pandinche eee kutumbam daani adbhutamaina puvvulaku prasiddhi chendindi. nallamandu utpattiki mariyu aushadha upayogam kosam daani utpannaalaku rendu jaatulu matrame aardhika praamukhyata kaligi unnaih marphin mariyu itara opiyetlanu pondadaaniki "popower somniferum" chattabaddhamgaa saagu cheyabadutundi, mariyu baine kosam "popower bractatum". "papevar somniferum" anedi vanta mariyu bakinglo upayoginche gasagasala vittanaalu mariyu gasagasala vittana nooneku muulam kooda. nallamandu mariyu heraine utpatti kosam asealo paapeela akrama saagu daadaapu migilina prapanchamlooni chattaparamaina utpattiki samanam. konni funarioidilu thotapani loe parimita viniyogaanni kaligi untaayi, "lamprocapnos spectabilis" ("bleeding haart"), mariyu "sudofumaria lutia" ("ello corridalis") saadhaaranamgaa upayoginchabadataayi. chainees saampradaaya aushadham "corridalis yanusuo" ("yanusuo") yokka udikinchina mariyu endina dumpalanu upayoginchindi.
prateekavaadam.
nallamandu gasagasala mariyu mokkajonna gasagasala varusaga nidra mariyu maranaaniki chihnalu. grate britton, kenada, united states mariyu australialo modati prapancha yuddham ghnaapakaartham mokkajonna gasagasalu dharistaaru.