cross bedd

bhoogarbha saastramlo, cross-bedding, cross-stratification anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi oka pora lopala mariyu pradhana parupu samatalaaniki oka konamlo poralugaa untundi. phalitamgaa vachhe avakshepana nirmaanaalu vamputirigina poralatho koodi sumaruga kshitija samaantara unitlu. asalu nikshepana pora vangi untundi, atuvanti vampu nikshepana anantara vaikalyam phalitamgaa undadu. cross-padakalu ledhaa "setlu" anevi vamputirigina porala samuuhaalu, veetini cross-strata anie pilustaaru.
alalu mariyu dibbalu vanti vamputirigina padakala uparitalaalapai nikshepana samayamlo cross-bedding erpadutundi; nikshepana vaataavaranamloo pravahinche madhyamam (saadhaaranamgaa neeru ledhaa gaali) undani idhi suuchistumdi. eee padava roopaalaku udaaharanalu alalu, dibbalu, dibbalu vyatiraeka, isuka taramgaalu, hummax, baarlu mariyu delta vaalulu. neeti kadalika taginanta vaegamgaa mariyu pedda ettuna padakala roopaalanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki taginanta lothaina vaataavaranaalu moodu sahaja samuhaluga vibhajinchabaddaayih nadulu, alala aadhipatyam kaligina teerapraanta mariyu samudra paristhitulu.
praamukhyata.
cross-padakalu puraatana kaalamlo oka praantam elaa undedi anae daani gurinchi bhuuvignaana saastravettalaku chaalaa cheppagalavu. padakalu munigipotunna dhisha polyocurrentnu suuchistumdi, idhi avakshepana ravana yokka kathinamaina dhisha. avakshepaala rakam mariyu paristhiti bhuuvignaana saastravettalaku paryaavaranam yokka rakanni (rounding, sarting, kuurpu) teliyajestaayi...). aadhunika saaruupyaalanu adhyayanam cheyadam valla bhuuvignaana saastravettalu puraatana vaataavaranaala gurinchi nirdhaaranalaku raavadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. cross-padakala samiti yokka cross-sekshannu chudatam dwara polyocurrentnu nirnayinchavacchu. ayithe, nijamaina patanam pondadaaniki, padakala aksham spashtamgaa undaali. dibba yokka addu padakalanu mariyu antidune yokka addu padakalanu gurtinchadam kooda kashtam. (dibbalu diguvaku padipothayi, antidines eguvana padipothayi.)
adda-padakala kadalika disanu puraatana pravaham ledhaa gaali disalanu chuupavachchu (polyocurrents anie pilustaaru). munduvaipu unna pradaesaalu vishraanti konam vadda (kshitija samaantaramgaa nundi ~ 34 degreelu) jama cheyabadataayi, kabatti bhuuvignaana saastravettalu addu-padakala avakshepaala yokka dip disanu kolavagalugutaru mariyu paleoflo disanu lekkinchagalugutaaru. ayithe, chaalaa cross-padakalu pattikalu kaavu, avi kundalu. tottelu dooradrushti yokka dip yokka 180 degreela vaividhyaanni ivvagalavu kabatti, guddiga dooradrushtini kolavadam dwara tappudu polyocurrentlanu teesukovachhu. eee sandarbhamlo, nijamaina polyocurrent dhisha truff yokka aksham dwara nirnayinchabadutundi. gatha vaataavaranam mariyu paarudala namuunaalanu punarnirminchadamlo polyocurrent dhisha mukhyamainadih isuka dibbalu prabalamgaa unna gaali disalanu samrakshistaayi, mariyu prastuta alalu nadulu kadulutunna disanu chuuputaayi.
nirmaanam.
pravahinche dravam loe alalu ledhaa dibbalu vanti padaka roopaala diguva valasala dwara cross-bedding erpadutundi. dravam pravaham kaaranamgaa isuka ginjalu mancham yokka stass (eguva) vaipu uppugaa maari, vishraanti koonaanni cherukune varaku sikharam vadda sekaristaayi. eee samayamlo, granular padaartham yokka sikharam chaalaa peddadigaa perigindi mariyu dibba yokka lii (diguva) vaipu padipotunna kadile neeti shakti dwara adhigaminchabadutundi. padepade himapaataalu chivariki cross-bedding anie piluvabade avakshepana nirmaanaanni yerparustaayi, nirmaanam polyocurrent disalo munigipotundi.
cross-stratification erpadataaniki vellae avakshepana saadhaaranamgaa dibba yokka "lii" vaipu nikshepanaku mundu mariyu samayamlo kramabaddheekarinchabadutundi, idhi raallu mariyu avakshepana niksheepaalaloo cross-stratanu gurtinchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi.
cross-padakala konam mariyu dhisha saadhaaranamgaa chaalaa sthiramgaa untaayi. vyaktigata cross-padakalu nikshepana vaataavaranam mariyu padaka aakaram yokka parimaanaanni batti konni padula centimeters nundi vandala adugula varaku ledhaa anthakante ekkuva mandam kaligi untaayi. chalanaatmaka padaarthamthoo mancham meeda dravam pravahinche yea vaataavaranamloo ayina cross-bedding yerpadavachhu. idhi pravaaha niksheepaalu (isuka mariyu kankaratho kuudina), alala praantaalu mariyu iolian dibbalalo sarvasaadhaaranam.
antargata kramabaddheekarana namuunaalu.
cross-bedd avakshepaalu polamlo "faarsetlu" yokka aneka porala dwara gurtinchabadataayi, ivi padaka roopam (alalu ledhaa dibba) diguva ledhaa lii vaipu erpade porala shreni. vividha parimaanaalu mariyu saandratala padaartha porala madhya chinna-sthaayi vibhajana kaaranamgaa eee mundari bhagalu vyaktigatamgaa vaeru cheyabadataayi.
taramgaala mundubhaagaala setlalo kattirimpula dwara kooda cross-beddingnu gurtinchavacchu, ikkada gatamlo unna pravaaha niksheepaalu taruvaata varada dwara ksheenistaayi mariyu kotta padakalu scoured praantamloo jama cheyabadataayi.
jyaamitulu.
cross-beddingnu setla jyaamiti prakaram mariyu cross-strata nuu upavargaalugaa vibhajinchavachhu. saadhaaranamgaa vivarinchina rakalu pattika cross-bedding mariyu truff cross-bedding. pattika cross-bedding ledhaa planner bedding anedi cross-bedding unitlanu kaligi untundi, ivi sett mandaaniki addamgaa vistrutamgaa untaayi mariyu tappanisarigaa planner sarihaddu uparitalaalanu kaligi untaayi. marovaipu, truff cross-bedding, cross-bedded unitlanu kaligi untundi, dheenilo sarihaddu uparitalaalu vakramgaa untaayi, anduvalla kshitija samaantara paridhiloo parimitam cheyabadataayi.
pattika (samatala) cross-padakalu.
pattika (samatala) adda-padakalalo adda-padakala unitlu untaayi, ivi sett mandaaniki sambandhinchi kshitija samaantaramgaa peddavigaa untaayi mariyu ivi tappanisarigaa samatala sarihaddu uparitalaalanu kaligi untaayi. pattika cross-padakala yokka mundari lamine besal uparitalaaniki sparsagaa maaradaaniki vakramgaa untaayi.
pattikakara cross-bedding pradhanamgaa pedda ettuna, neerugaa-crest chesina alalu mariyu dibbala valasala dwara erpadutundi. idhi takkuva pravaaha palanala samayamlo erpadutundi. okkokka padaka mandam konni padula centimeters nundi oka meater ledhaa anthakante ekkuva varaku untundi, conny 10 centimeters varaku padaka mandam gamaninchabadindi. sett etthu 6 centimeters kante takkuvagaa mariyu cross-stratification poralu konni millimetres mandamgaa unna chota, cross-bedding kante cross-lemination anae padaanni upayogistaaru. cross-bedd setlu saadhaaranamgaa granular avakshepaalalo, mukhyamgaa isukaraayi loe sambhavistaayi, mariyu avakshepaalu alalu ledhaa dibbalugaa jama cheyabaddaayani suuchistaayi, ivi neeru ledhaa gaali pravaham kaaranamgaa munduku sagai.
truff cross-padakalu.
cross-padakalu anevi avi anubandhinchabadina mancham yokka bays mariyu paibhaagaaniki sambandhinchi vamputirigina avakshepana poralu. nikshepana vaataavaranam, avakshepana ravana dhisha (polyocurrent) mariyu nikshepana samayamlo paryaavarana paristhitulu vanti puraatana vaataavaranaala gurinchi aadhunika bhuuvignaana saastravettalaku cross-padakalu aneka vishayalanu teliyajestaayi. saadhaaranamgaa, raathi recorduloni unitlanu padakalu anie pilustaaru, ayithe manchaanni tayaaru chese bhaaga poralu 1 sem. mea. kante takkuva mandamgaa unnappudu, 1 sem. mea. kante ekkuva mandamgaa unnappudu poralu ayinappudu vaatini lamine anie pilustaaru. cross-padakalu bays ledhaa chuttupakkala padakala paibhaagaaniki sambandhinchi konamlo untaayi. koona padakalaku viruddhamgaa, adda padakalu addamgaa jama kakunda oka konamlo jama cheyabadataayi mariyu taruvaata vaikalyamtho untaayi. truff cross-padakalu diguva uparitalaalanu kaligi untaayi, ivi vakramgaa ledhaa scoop aakaaramlo untaayi mariyu antarleena padakalanu kattiristaayi. munduvaipu unna padakalu kooda vakramgaa untaayi mariyu diguva uparitalamtho pratyakshamgaa vileenam avtayi. avi isuka dibbala valasatho mudipadi unnaayi.
avakshepam.
dhaanyaala aakaram mariyu avakshepana yokka kramabaddheekarana mariyu kuurpu cross-padakala charitrapai adanapu samacharanni andinchagalavu. dhaanyaala gundrani, dhanyam parimaanamlo parimita vaividhyam mariyu adhika quartz content saadhaaranamgaa vaataavarana mariyu avakshepana ravana yokka sudeergha charitralaku aapaadinchabadataayi. udaaharanakuh ekkuvagaa quartz dhaanyaalato koodi unde baga gundramgaa mariyu baga kramabaddheekarinchabadina isuka saadhaaranamgaa avakshepana muulaaniki dhooramgaa, beach vaataavaranamloo kanipistundi. vividha rakaala khanijaalato kuudina paelavamaina kramabaddheekarinchina mariyu koneeya avakshepana saadhaaranamgaa avakshepana muulaaniki sameepamlo unna nadulalo kanipistundi. ayithe, paatha avakshepana niksheepaalu tarachugaa ksheeninchi, tirigi kadilinchabadataayi. anduvalla, oka nadhi daadaapu swachchamaina quartz yokka baga gundramgaa, baga kramabaddheekarinchabadina beach isuka yokka paatha nirmaanaanni baga naasanam cheyavachu.
paryaavaranam.
nadulu.
pravahalu vaataavaranam (manchu, varsham mariyu manchu karigipovadam) mariyu pravanata dwara vargeekarinchabadataayi. vividha samaya pramaanaalapai koliche utsarga vaividhyaalu neeti lothu mariyu vegaanni marchagalavu. konni nadulanu oohinchadagina kalanugunamga niyantrita hydrograph (manchu karigipovadam ledhaa varshakaalaanni pratibimbistumdi) dwara vargeekarinchavachhu. marikonni alpine himaaneenadaalu pravahinchadam ledhaa yaadruchchika tuphaanu sanghatanala lakshanaala yokka deerghakaalika vaividhyaalache aadhipatyam chelaayinchabadataayi, ivi merise utsarganu utpatti chestaayi. konni nadulu raathi recordulo sthiramaina pravaham yokka deerghakaalika rikaardunu kaligi unnaayi.
padaka roopaalu saapekshamgaa dynamic avakshepana nilva vastuvulu, pratispandana samayalu pravaaha lakshanaalalo pradhana maarpulaku sambandhinchi takkuvagaa untaayi. pedda sthaayi padaka roopaalu aavartanamgaa untaayi mariyu chaanello sambhavistaayi (lothu varaku scale cheyabadataayi). vaati uniki mariyu padanirmaana vaividhyam pravaaha balaniki sambandhinchinavi, ivi sagatu vegam ledhaa kotha ottidigaa vyakteekarinchabaddaayi.
oka nadhee vaataavaranamloo, oka pravaahamlooni neeru saktini kolpotundi mariyu daani ravana avakshepana saamarthyaanni kolpotundi. avakshepam neeti nundi "padipotundi" mariyu oka point baar venta jama cheyabadutundi. kalakramena nadhi endipovachhu ledhaa podigaa undavacchu mariyu point baarnu cross-beddinga samrakshinchavachhu.
alala aadhipatyam.
alala aadhipatya vaataavaranaalaloo ivi unnaih
saadhaaranamgaa, alala paridhi entha ekkuvagaa unte, garishta pravaaha balam antha ekkuvagaa untundi.
alala praabalyam unna praantaalalo cross-stratification herringbone cross-stratification erpadataaniki daariteestundi.
pravaham dhisha kramam tappakunda tiragabadinappatiki, pravaaha pravahalapai varada pravaaha namuunaalu saadhaaranamgaa ekakaalamlo undavu. tatphalitamgaa, neeru mariyu ravana avakshepana nadeemukham lopaliki mariyu velupaliki oka roundabout marganni anusarinchavacchu. idhi nadeemukhamloni konni praantaalu varada praabalyamtho mariyu itara praantaalu aadhipatyam chelaayinche praadesikamgaa vaividhyamaina vyavasthalaku daariteestundi. pravaham mariyu avakshepana ravana yokka taatkaalika mariyu praadaesika vaividhyam, kramam tappakunda hecchutaggulaku lonayye neeti sthaayilatho kalisi vividha rakaala bedd roopam padanirmaana saastraanni srushtistundi.
lotuleni samudram.
balamaina bhusthira pravahalu, appudappudu tuphaanu uppenalu mariyu/ledhaa alala pravaahaala dwara prabhaavitamayye nissara, bhuusthaayi ledhaa carbonate clastic khandantara almaralu mariyu epicontinental platformlapy pedda ettuna padaka roopaalu sambhavistaayi.
iolian.
iolian vaataavaranamloo, cross-padakalu tarachugaa dhanyam pravaahaala dwara nikshepana kaaranamgaa viloma gradingnu pradarsistaayi. avakshepanalu perukupovadam praarambhinchae varaku gaali avi neelapai eguravestaayi. sanchitam jarige vaipu gaali vaipu vaipu antaaru. idhi nirminchadam konasagutunnappudu, kontha avakshepana chivarana padipotundi. eee vaipuni leavered side antaaru. gaali vaipu chaalaa avakshepana perukupoyinappudu, vishraanti koonaaniki cherukunnappudu mariyu avakshepana kindaki padipoyinappudu dhanyam pravahalu sambhavistaayi. paina ekkuva avakshepana kuppalu unnanduna, baruvu antarleena avakshepananu kalisi cement cheyadaaniki mariyu cross-padakalanu yerparustundi.

