
elph 3

prarambha pushpinche 3 (elph 3) anedi hydroxyproline-adhikamgaa unde glycoprotein nuu encode chese oka mokka-nirdishta janyuvu mariyu idhi syrcadian gadiyaram yokka paniteeruku avasaram. mokka syrcadian gadiyaaramlo saayantram sanklishtatanu (ii. sii) tayaaru chese moodu bhagalalo elph3 okati, dheenilo moodu bhagalu saayantram samayamlo janyu vyakteekarana mariyu protein sthaayilanu cherukuntaayi. elph3 anedi prarambha pushpinche 4 (elph 4) mariyu lucks arithmo (lucks), eesi yokka rendu itara bhaagaalanu bandhinchadaaniki paranjaga panichestundi mariyu mokkalalo photoperiod sunnitatvaanni niyantrinchadaaniki panichestundi. syrcadian gadiyara pravesam kosam mokkala lopala ushnograta mariyu kaanti inputlo kooda elph3 mukhyamaina paatra poeshistumdi. adanamgaa, idhi kaanti mariyu ushnograta sankethaalalo paatralanu poeshistumdi, ivi isi loe daani paatra nundi swatantramgaa untaayi.
aavishkarana.
elph1" mariyu "elph2" thoo paatu, "elph3" nuu modata michel tii thoo kuudina parisoedhanaa brundam gurtinchindi. jagotta, ess. shannon, carolin I. jacobs, mariyu dii. raie meaks-wagner. functional plant biology" loe prachurinchabadina vaari 1992 adhyayanam "arabidopsis thaliana" utparivartanaseelulu pushpinche maarpulanu edurkontunnayani pariseelinchindi. arabidopsis loe, vrukshasampada nundi puula perugudalaku parivartana anedi remmala meristemlo karyakalapalanu niyantrinche remmala sikharamloni puula sankethaala dwara praarambhamavutundi, mariyu vaari adhyayanam prarambha pushpinche utparivartanaalanu verucheyadam dwara eee prakriya yokka sambandhita janyu bhaagaalanu gurtinchadaaniki prayatninchindi. eee prakriya saastravettalu "elph3" anie piluvabade prarambha-pushpinche, photoperiod-sunnitamaina "arabidopsis" roopaantaraanni, alaage "elph1 mariyu elph2" anae prarambha-pushpinche, photoperiod-sunnitamaina utparivartanaalanu kanugonadaaniki daariteesindi.
elph3 aavishkarana venuka unna parisoedhanaa brundam sabhyulu 1996loe "dhi plant journal" loe oka kaagitaanni prachurinchaaru, idhi elph3 yokka swabhaavam gurinchi marinta antardrushtulanu vivarinchindi. chromosome 2paie "elph3" mutation oka kotta janyu sthaanamlo undani rachayitalu kanugonnaru. antekakunda, "elph3" utparivartanaalu anni tarangadairghyala kaantiki takkuva sunnitamgaa unnayani vaaru kanugonnaru, idhi "elph3" pratyaamnaaya prakaasa grahana maargam dwara pushpinche praantaanni niyantristundani suuchistumdi.
nirmaanam.
arabidopsis thaliana" loe, "elph 3" janyuvu rendava chromosomelo untundi mariyu naalugu exanlu mariyu moodu intraanlanu kaligi untundi. saayantram moolakam (ee, aaatatct) anie piluvabade sis-regulatory moolakam itara saayantram sanklishta janyuvula, "lucks" mariyu "elph 4" yokka promoterlalo untundi. saayantram-vyakteekarinchabadina gadiyara janyuvula pratilekhanaanni pratyaekamgaa nirodhinchadaaniki udayam gadiyara karakalu syrcadian gadiyaram anubandham 1 (cca1) mariyu aalasyamgaa podavaina hypocotil (elheich) kosam eeee oka binding saitga panichestundi. elph3" promoterlo oka ee undadu; badulugaa, idhi oka ee-lanty moolakam (aatatct) mariyu rendu cca1 binding saitlanu kaligi untundi, ivi cca1 udayam elph3 vyakteekarananu anachiveyadaaniki anumatistaayi.
elph3" janyuvu 695 amaino aamlaala podavutho kuudina kotta, nuclear-localized proteinnu encode chestundi. idhi daani enn-terminallo aamla praantam (avasheshaalu 206-320), peptide kramam madhya vibhaagamlo prolin-ritch praantam (440-540) mariyu daani sii-terminallo glutamine/thraeonine-ritch praantam (544-653) kaligi untundi. telisina eee lakshanaalu unnappatikee, elph3 kosam telisina function yokka oke oka domine gurtinchabadindi. proteinla antargatamgaa kramarahitamaina praantaalalo kanipinche oka putative priyan lanty domine, amaino aamlam avasheshaala vadda anchanaa veyabadindi 430-609. eee priyan lanty domine elph3 yokka protein dasha vibhajana mariyu anhu kanupula erpadataaniki avasaram. idhi elph3 ushnograta sunnitatvaaniki kaaranamayye glutamine-ritch (paleek) kramaanni kooda kaligi untundi. eee priyan lanty domine kakunda, elph 3 protein kaligi unna itara functional domainlu inca gurtinchabadaledu. prolin-ritch, aamleeya mariyu glutamate/thraeonine praantaalu tarachugaa transcriptional regulatorlatho anubandhinchabadina lakshanaalu, conny elph 3kii dna-binding domine ledhu, idhi dnnu daani swantamgaa bandhinchi niyantrinche avakaasam ledhu. ayithe, eee lakshanaalu elph3, lucks mariyu elph4 thoo kalisi eee. sii. loe bhaagamgaa transcription niyantrinchadaaniki anumatistaayi.
elph3 protein-protein paraspara charyalaku kendramgaa prasiddhi chendindi, mariyu eee paraspara charyalaku baadhyata vahinche elph3 peptide yokka praantaalu daani bandhinche bhagaswamulalo kontamandiki gurtinchabaddaayi. elph3 daani enn-terminal praantaanni constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (cop1) mariyu gigantia (zii) (avasheshaalu 1-261) thoo paatu phytochrome bii (faib) (avasheshaalu 1-440) thoo anubandhinchadaaniki upayogistundi. elph4 thoo sankarshanaku elph3 madhya praantam (avasheshaalu 261-484) avasaram, mariyu elph3 phytochrome sankarshana karakam 4 (pif4) thoo bandhinchadaaniki sii-terminal praantam (avasheshaalu 442-695) avasaram. lucks thoo elph3 paraspara charyaku baadhyata vahinche domine pareekshinchabadaledu.
function.
syrcadian ausilator.
jeevulalo, syrcadian aasiletarlu anevi rojuvaaree layalanu utpatti chese chakriya jeevarasaayana prakriyalu. arabidopsis" loe, elph3, elph4, mariyu lucks anevi saayantram sanklishtata ledhaa ii. sii. nii kaligi untaayi, idhi mokkala perugudala mariyu abhivruddhilo syrcadian layanu niyantristundi. saayantram complexes udayam complexto kalisi "arabidopsis" 'repressilator syrcadian aasilaetarnu yerparustundi. rojanta, sii. sii. eah. 1 mariyu lye, udayam sanklishta pratilekhana karakalu, saayantram sanklishta janyuvula prothsaahakulu, saayantram muulaka niyantrana praantaalatoo bandhinchadam dwara saayantram sanklishta proteinla pratilekhanaanni niyantristaayi. saayantram complexes, phalitamgaa, saayantram samayamlo daani kaaryaacharana sikharaanni chustundi, antey elph 3, elph 4 mariyu lucks vaati vyakteekarana sikharaanni chusinappudu.
raatri samayamlo, itara janyuvulatho paatu "cab vyakteekarana 1 (tosi1)", "gi" mariyu madhyahna janyuvulu "suudoe-response regulator 7" mariyu "9 (prr7" mariyu "9)" samayanni anachiveyadaaniki isi baadhyata vahistundi. tosi1 mariyu prr proteins pagatipuuta cca1 mariyu lye dwara anachiveyabadataayi, vaati vyakteekarana saayantram samayamlo garishta sthaayiki cherukuntundi, udayam sanklishta proteinlanu anachivestundi. isi kramamga raatrantaa toc1 mariyu prr proteinlanu nirodhistundi, parokshamgaa cca1 mariyu lainu tellavaarujaamuna garishta sthaayiki cherukune varaku prothsahistundi, udayam sanklishta karyakalapalanu prothsahistundi mariyu saayantram sanklishta karyakalapalanu nirodhistundi. isi "lucks" mariyu "elph 4" nuu kooda anachivestundi, daani swantha transcription svayamchaalakamgaa niyantristundi.
raatri samayamlo "zii" nirodham valla pushpinche-prothsahinche janyuvulu "sthiraamkaalu (koo)" mariyu "pushpinche locus tii (eff)" yokka vyakteekarana taggutundi. saayantram complexes transcription perugudala kaarakaalaina "phytochrome interaction phyaaktar 4" ("piff 4") mariyu "piff 5" nuu anachiveyadaaniki kooda baadhyata vahistundi. elph 3 mariyu lucks thoo sahaa isi yokka bhagalu, raatri samayamlo perugudalanu nirodhinchadaaniki piff 4 mariyu piff 5 thoo sankarshana chendutaayi.
syrcadian layabaddhataku elph3 avasaram kabatti, "arabidopsis" loe "elph3" paniteeru kolpovadam anedi gadiyaranni aarritamikgaa maarustundi, idhi aaku kadalika mariyu gadiyara janyu vyakteekarana vanti avutputlanu sthiramaina paristhitulalo gamaninchadam dwara kanipistundi.
hypocotyle podavunu niyantrinchadam.
elph3 anedi molakala kaandam podavu yokka pratikuula niyantrakam, dheenini hypocotyle elangation anie pilustaaru. saayantram samayamlo perugudalanu prothsahinche karakalu pif4 mariyu pif5 vyakteekarananu nirodhinchadam dwara isi hypocotyle podavunu anichivestundi. adhika ushnogratala vadda, elph3 yokka cop1-aadhaarita ksheenata merugupadutundi, idhi piff4 mariyu piff5 vanti janyuvula vyakteekarananu anumatistundi, idhi molakalalo hypocotyle podavunu prothsahistundi. saayantram sanklishtata nundi swatantramgaa, elph 3 neerugaa piff 4 proteintho sankarshana chendutundi, idhi daani diguva janyu lakshyalanu sakriyam cheyakunda nirodhistundi, idhi sakriyam cheyabadithe podigimpu perugudalaku daariteestundi. elph3 needanu nivaarinche pratispandana samayamlo hypocotyle podavunu kooda nirodhistundi. piff4తoouu daani paraspara charya maadirigaane, needa paristhitulalo, elph3 transcriptional activator piff7 thoo bandhistundi mariyu vaeru chestundi, diguva, perugudalanu prothsahinche janyuvula kriyaaseelatanu nirodhistundi.
arabidopsis" loe elph3 looni utparivartanalu podavaina hypocotyles perugudalanu prothsahistaayi. erra-kaanti mariyu neelam-kaanti paristhitulalo lopaalu konasaagutaayi, ayinappatikee mokkalanu sthiramaina tellani kaantiloo penchinappudu avi takkuva teevramgaa untaayi. elph3" utparivartanalu hypocotil podavupai (faib utparivartanaalato paraspara charyalo) sankalanaatmaka prabhavalanu chuuputaayani adhyayanalu choopinchaayi.
ushnograta sanketha samaikyata.
prr7/9", "lucks" mariyu "gi" vanti rendu pradhana gadiyara janyuvula vyakteekarananu niyantrinchadam dwara syrcadian gadiyaaramlo ushnograta inputlanu ekikrutam cheyadaaniki mariyu hypocotil podavunu niyantrinche janyuvu "pif4" vanti gadiyara avutputlanu niyantrinchadaaniki isi baadhyata vahistundi. eee. sii. loe bhaagamgaa, "prr9", "lucks" mariyu "pif4" yokka pramotarlatho elph3 yokka anubandham adhika ushnogratala vadda takkuva sthiramgaa untundi, idhi ushnograta inputlu neerugaa saayantram complexenu promoterlaku niyaminchadaanni niyantrinchavacchani suuchistumdi. arabidopsis" molakalu vecchani ushnogratalaku (22°sii nundi 28°sii ledhaa 16°sii nundi 22°sii) marai, "zii, lucks, piff4, prr7" mariyu "prr9" vyakteekarananu niyantrinchadaaniki elph3 avasaram."
kaanti signal transduction.
hypocotil podavunu niyantrinchadaaniki faib signalling complexelo elph3 protein kooda oka bhaagam. faib anedi nirantara errati kaantiki mokka pratispandanalanu madhyavartitvam chese protein. ayithe, elph3 mariyu faib mokkala pushpinche madhyavartitvam cheyadaaniki swatantra signal transduction margalapai panicheestaayi. arabidopsis thaliana" loe cryptochrome ledhaa itara blue-light grahakaalu ayina jaitloop (jdtl) mariyu flavin-binding, kelch repeat, eff-baaks 1 (efkf 1) thoo sankarshana chendadam dwara elph 3 pushpinche photoperiodic prerananu niyantrinchagaladani soochinchabadindi.
pushpinche samayanni niyantrinchadam.
sudeergha roeju adhyapaka mokka "arabidopsis" loe, elph 3 anedi kaanti-aavartana pushpinche yokka mukhya nirodhakam, idhi mokkalanu naan-inductive paryaavarana paristhitulalo penchinappudu. Ec tellavaarujaamuna "gi" promoterku kattubadi mariyu daani kriyaaseelatanu nirodhinchadam dwara pushpinche saanukuula niyantrakam "gi" yokka vyakteekarananu anachivestundi. isi complexes nundi swatantramgaa, elph 3 kooda gi protein perukupovadaanni niyantristundi.
elph3" loe utparivartanalu photoperiod sensitivity mariyu syrcadian regulation kolpoyina mokkalaku daariteestaayi. elph3" utparivartanalu kaligina mokkalu photoperiodtho sambandham lekunda oke abhivruddhi dasalo sudeergha roeju mariyu chinna roeju paristhitulalo praarambhamlo puustaayi. "elph3" utparivartanalu konni kaanti tarangadairghyaalaku, mukhyamgaa neelam mariyu aakupaccha kaantiki antagaa spandinchani mokkalaku kooda daariteestaayi. ayithe, "elph3" single utparivartanalu mokkala pushpinche vidhananni niyantrinche functional phytochrome-madhyavartitva maargaalanu kaligi untaayi.
mokkala vruddhaapya niyantrana.
piff4" mariyu "piff5" yokka isi nirodham dwara "elph3" looni utparivartanalu mokkala vruddhaapyam ledhaa mokkala vruddhaapyam yokka vegamtho kooda mudipadi unnaayi. idhi aaku pasupu ranguloki maare prakriyanu nirodhistundi, idhi mokkala vruddhaapyaaniki suuchika. elph3" utparivartanalu unna mokkalalo, adavi rakam mokkala kante aaku pasupu rangu vaegamgaa sambhavinchindi. ayithe, vruddhaapyam kosam elph3 yokka niyantrana maargam puurtigaa sthaapinchabadaledu.
homologs.
"elph3" homolaglu mokkala vamsapaaramparyamgaa naachu vanti besal land plantlalo, alaage angiosperms antataa, monocott mariyu decot jaatulalo gurtinchabaddaayi.
angiosperm orthologlu.
soyabean ("glycine maaks") daani janyuvulo rendu "elph3" aartholaaglanu kaligi untundi. eee rendu samaantaraalalo okati, gymelph3, photoperiodic pushpinche vidhananni niyantrinchadamlo chikkukundi. iteevala, konni rakaala soyabeanlalo podavaina-juvenile lakshanaaniki gymelph3 kaaranamani gurtinchabadindi, idhi ushnamandala mariyu itara takkuva-akshaamsha praantaalalo daani saagunu anumatistundi. arabidopsis" ledhaa barley vanti deerghakaalika adhyapaka mokkalalo kakunda, swalpakaalika adhyapaka mokkalalo (chinna pagalu mariyu sudeergha raatriki pratispandanagaa punarutpatti chese mokkalu) elph3 vruksha perugudala nundi punarutpatti perugudalaku parivartananu prothsahistundi. gymelph3లoouu utparivartanalu pushpinche prakriyanu alasyam chestaayi, tadwara soyabean mokkalu takkuva-akshaamsha praantaala yokka takkuva rojulalo peragadaaniki veelu kalpistundi mariyu ippatikee sahetukamaina parimaanamlo pantanu utpatti chestundi.
biyyam (oriza sativa) loe, balamaina syrcadian dolananiki "elph3" ortholog selph3 avasaram mariyu pushpinche photoperiodic niyantranalo paalgontundi.
barley ("hordium vulgare") loe "elph3" ortholog undhi, idhi syrcadian dolananiki kooda avasaram mariyu photoperiodic pushpinche vidhananni niyantristundi, takkuva rojullo vrukshasampada nundi punarutpatti abhivruddhiki parivartananu anachivestundi. arrhythmic mariyu prarambha pushpinche samalakshanamtho paatu, barley "elph 3" paniteeru kolpovadam valla adhika ushnogratalaku (15 masim nundi 25 masim) pratispandanagaa deerghakaalika paristhitulalo perige mokkalu punarutpatti paripakvataku marinta vaegamgaa cherukuntaayi. swalpa-rojulalo ushnogratalo adhe perugudala prarambha/baalya abhivruddhini nirodhistundi. idhi hetch. vii. ell. eff. 3 ortholog kooda ushnograta avagahana mariyu ushnograta-madhyavartitva abhivruddhilo paalgontunnatlu suuchimchimdi. scandinavia vanti adhika-akshaamsha praantaalalo chaalaa takkuva perugudala rutuvulu mariyu sudeergha rojulanu thattukogala vidhamgaa hetch. vii. ell. eff. 3loe utparivartanaalato kuudina nirdishta rakaala barley abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi.
itara homolaglu.
naachu "phiscometrella paytens" namuunaa yokka janyuvulo bahula "elph3" homolaglu kanugonabaddayi, ayithe eee ppellf3 paralaglu evaina syrcadian niyantrana ledhaa punarutpatti yokka photoperiodic niyantranalo samrakshinchabadina paniteerunu kaligi unnaya ledhaa anedi prastutam teliyadu.
chlamydomonas reinhardty" ledhaa "ostriococcus touri" anae rendu praatinidhya jaatula aakupaccha algay, bhuu mokkala parinaama puurveekulugaa bhaavinche jeevulalo "elph 3" yokka homolog kanugonabadaledu.

