
down (gridiron football)

down anedi gridiron footballo aata jarige kaalam. football yokka itara niyamaavalulatoe poliste down anedi aata yokka pratyeka lakshanam, conny rugby leaglo "tackling" kuu paryaayapadamgaa untundi. futbaalnu kaligi unna jattuku tama pratyarthi goal line vaipu padhi gajaalu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva munduku saagadaaniki parimita sankhyalo downlu (american footballo naalugu, kenadian footballo moodu) untaayi. vaaru antha dhooram munduku saagadamlo viphalamaithe, bantini swaadheenam chesukovadam maroka jattuku appaginchabadutundi. chaalaa sandarbhaallo, oka jattu tama finalku cherukunte, vaaru tama pratyarthini taakutaaru, idhi vaari pratyarthini marinta diguva nundi vaari drivenu praarambhinchamani balavantam chestundi; vaaru paridhiloo unte, vaaru badulugaa feeled goal cheyadaaniki prayatninchavacchu.
vivarana.
down anedi snap ledhaa free kick (kickoff ledhaa safety kick vantivi) thoo praarambhamavutundi, mariyu bantini ledhaa daanini kaligi unna aatagaadini oka adhikari, jattu skorlu ledhaa banthi ledhaa daanini kaligi unna aatagadu krindiki prakatinchinappudu mugustundi.
bantini taakina tarvaata bantini swaadheenam chesukunna aatagadu ledhaa aata mugisina kaaranamgaa bantini marinta munduku teesukellalekapoyina aatagadu "down" (udhaa.zii., athanu 34 yard line vadda unnadu").
"down" anedi bantini edho oka vidhamgaa ded chesina tarvaata kooda suuchimchavachchu. tadupari aata kosam scrimmage line banthi down ayinappudu daani sthaanam dwara nirnayinchabadutundi.
prati swaadheenam modati down thoo praarambhamavutundi. eee swaadheenam prarambham nundi 10 gajaala down feeled loe geluchukovalasina rekha gurtinchabadutundi, mariyu paristhitini "1 va mariyu 10" gaa varnistaaru (goal line 10 gajaala down feeled kante takkuvagaa unte, appudu goal line anedi pondavalasina rekha mariyu paristhiti "1 va mariyu goal"). okavela daadi chese jattu bantini geluchukovadaaniki line daati taraliste, vaaru modata kotta bantini krindiki distaaru. nirdishta sankhyalo downlu (american aatalo naalugu mariyu kenadian aatalo moodu) tarvaata vaaru ilaa cheyadamlo viphalamaithe, jattu "bantini downlapaiki tipputundi", mariyu bantini swaadheenam chesukovadam chivari down chivarilo banthi down ayina pradaesamloe pratyarthi jattuku tirigi vastundi.
rakshanaatmaka jattuku vyatiraekamgaa penaulty bantini geluchukovadaaniki line daati taraliste, pramaadakara jattuku kotta modati down vastundi. konni rakshanaatmaka penaalteelu dhooramtho sambandham lekunda daadiki automaticga modata down istayi.
daadi chese jattu finalku cherukunnappudu, jattu "chivari down paristhitini" (kenadian aatalo "moodava down paristhiti" mariyu american aatalo "nalgava down paristhiti") edurkontundi, ikkada jattu modati down pondadaaniki (dheenini "goying pharr itt" anie pilustaaru), ledhaa pratyamnaayamgaa bantini tannadaaniki (punting ledhaa feeled goal prayatnam cheyadam dwara) running ledhaa paas aatanu upayoginchaalaa vadda anie nirnayinchukovaali. aatala ganaanka vislaeshanha marinta dookudugaa adatam uttama empika anie suuchimchinappatikii, bantini tannadam saadhaaranamgaa surakshitamaina parishkaramga pariganinchabadutundi; screamaging downlaloo turnoverku daariteeyavachchu, bantini manchi feeled position unna itara jattuku ivvavacchu.
bantini swaadheenam chesukunna aatagaadini kindaku dinchadam anedi aatanu muginchadaaniki oka maargam (itara margalalo banthi haddula velupala vellae aatagadu, asampoorna paas ledhaa skoru). saadhaaranamgaa oka aatagaadini rakshana dwara edurkonnappudu atanni kindaku dimputaaru. nfl loe, daadi chese aatagadu thana chetulu ledhaa kaallu kakunda thana sariiramlooni edainaa bhaagamtho neelanu taakinatlayithe, edainaa rakshanaatmaka aatagadu atanni taakinatlayithe athanu kindaku digataadu. ncalo, rakshanaatmaka aatagadu atanni takina, takina, adhe paddhatiloo neelanu taakina oka pramaadakara aatagadu kindaku digataadu.
okari pratyarthi yokka end jonelo bantini tirigi pondithe (american footballo kick-off taruvaata, mariyu kenadian footballo vijayavantamaina feeled goals minaha end jonloki edainaa kick taruvaata), oka aatagadu oka mokaaliki padipovadam dwara bantini krindiki dinchavacchu (kenadian aatalo, alaa cheyadam dwara pratyarthi jattuku okka skoru). bantini swaadheenam chesukunna aatagadu bantini haddula velupala fumble chesthe bantini kindaku padestaadu. snap taruvaata thana prarambha swaadheenam samayamlo quarterback banthi thoo parugettutunte, athanu phut-fust slide cheyadam dwara bantini krindiki dinchavacchu, idhi quarterback nuu gaayam nundi rakshinchadaaniki. nfl loe, quarterback matrame eee vidhamgaa kinda padipovadam valla aatanu aapivestundi.
paribhasha.
diguva sthaayi paristhitini "1 va/2 va/3 va/4 va & x" roopamlo sankshiptamgaa vivarinchavacchu. modati bhaagam naalugu setlalo yea krinda daadi jarugutundo vivaristundi, mariyu "x" anedi prastuta scrimmage line mariyu daadi maroka downlanu pondhe line madhya aneka gajaalu. anduvalla, neeraalu saadhaaranamgaa "1va mariyu 10va thedhee" nundi praarambhamavutaayi. vaaru aatalo 5 gajaalu geliste, tadupari paristhitini "2 va & 5" gaa varnistaaru.
lakshya rekhaku dhooram chaalaa takkuvagaa unte, gajaala sankhyanu "& angulaalu" (i.ii. "3 va & angulaalu"). vyavaharikamgaa, lakshya rekha gharshana rekhaku dhooramgaa unnappudu, "& podavaina" anae padaanni upayoginchavacchu (i.ii. "3 va & podavu").
oka neram goal lineku 10 gajaala lopala modati down ayinappudu, goal line labham pondadaaniki line avutundi, endukante vaaru vaastavaaniki score cheyakunda maroka modati down (defensive penaulty minaha) cheyaleru. eee paristhitulalo gajaala sankhya "& goal", antey thoo bharti cheyabadutundi.ii. "1 va & goal".
itara taggudala-sambandhita padajaalam eee krindi vidhamgaa untundih
utpannam.
19va sataabdamloo rugby union footballo, pratyarthula paraspara sammatitoe matrame banthi aata maidaanamlo ded ayyindi. bantini mosukeltunna mariyu pratyarthulu pattukunna aatagadu, "pattukunnadi!", mariyu athani pratyarthi," daanini tagginchandi "anie chebutaaru."antey, banthi vahakulu munduku saagalekapoyi, tananu taanu nyayamga pattukunnatlu prakatinchukuntaaru, mariyu pratyarthi bantini krindiki pettamani atanni pilustaadu, screamagenu praarambhistaadu.
aadhunika rugby leag footballo, prati jattuku score cheyadaaniki aaru tackles untaayi. vaaru viphalamaithe, swaadheenam itara jattuku maarutundi. eee niyamam 1966loe naalugu taakilstoe sthaapinchabadindi mariyu vividha deshaalalo ververu samayaallo aaru takilga maarchabadindi.
american footballo, bantini down chese charya anae bhavana aatagadi paristhiti chaalaa baadhyataayutamgaa unnanduna "down" kuu daariteesindi, mariyu banthi carrier swachchandamgaa "down" kosam coll cheyavachu. enn. sii. yea. yea. niyamaalu dheenini samarthavantamgaa raddu chesinappatiki (banthi carrier ventane maidaanaaniki padatam aatanu muginchinanduna), enn. eff. ell vanti uttara america football kosam itara sankethaalu, ippatikee rannarku "kindaku" edavadaniki (banthi chanipovadaniki oka maargamgaa) anumatistaayi.
chivariki bantini aadina samayam nundi (snap ledhaa free kick dwara ayina) adhi chanipoyinanta varaku anni charyalanu chaerchadaaniki niyamaalu adhikarikamga eee padaanni vartimpajesaayi. ayithe, konni sandarbhaallo adhikarulu bantini aadataaniki siddham chesinappudu down praarambhamavutundi.
bantini nirdishta sankhyalo gajaala munduku teesukelladaaniki nirneeta sankhyalo aatala paramgaa downla vyavasthanu 1882loe intercollegiate football association pravesapettindi. (appati aatagadu walter camp, niyamaala kamitee kaaryadarsigaa, eee maarpunu namodu chesaaru, conny daanini pracharam cheyaledu.) idhi bantini aidu gajaala munduku teesukelladaaniki ledhaa daanitoe padhi gajaala venakki tiragadaaniki moodu downla jattunu anumatinchindi, ledhaa banthi swaadheenam kolpotaru, idhi isuka sanchulanu tagginchadaaniki uddesinchina pratipaadana. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo, aataku forward paas jodinchabadina taruvaata, avasaramaina advaansnu padhi gajaalaki rettimpu chesaaru, taruvaata naalugo down syries kii jodinchabadindi; bantitoe dhooram tirogamanam pratyaamnaayam intalo daani avasaranni iravai gajaalaki rettimpu chesindi, taruvaata raddu cheyabadindi. eee aata inca desavyaaptamgaa praamaaneekarinchabadaledu kabatti 1900 loe konni praantiiya niyamaalalo kenadian footballku moodu downla vyavastha pravesapettabadindi.
rendu/moodu-mariyu-avt.
three und avt anedi american footballo oka paristhiti, dheenilo oka jattu, pramaadakara swaadheenam praarambhinchina tarvaata, moodu atalanu nirvahistundi, modati down pondadamlo viphalamavutundi, aapai punts chestundi.
eee padam oka pramaadakara vibhaagaaniki avi punt cheyagalavani anchanaa vaeyadaaniki mundu moodu "nijamaina" atalu matrame untaayi anae praamaanika abhyasam nundi vachindi. siddhaantaparamgaa, oka jattuku naalugo running ledhaa paas aata anumatinchabadutundi, naalugo down nuu runn ledhaa paas cheyadaaniki upayoginchadam chaalaa paristhitulalo pramaadakaramaina charya. naalugo-down aatalo vaaru kotta modati down pondadamlo viphalamaithe, pratyarthi jattu vaaru vadilipettina pradaesamloe swaadheenam chesukuntundi, bantini pratyarthi jattu yokka end john vaipu marinta dhooram punt chesina daanikante merugaina feeled positionnu istundi. saadhaaranamgaa, oka jattu close gamelo aalasyamgaa venukabadi unte, modati down markerku (saadhaaranamgaa oka yard ledhaa anthakante takkuva) daggaragaa unte, pratyarthi jattu bhoobhaagamlo, ledhaa oka punt touchback (idhi saapekshamgaa parimita nikara yardage laabhaaniki daariteestundi) kuu daariteese maidaanamlooni oka nirdishta bhaagamlo, conny feeled goal vijayavantam ayye dooraaniki minchi (nflo, tappipoyina feeled goal phalitamgaa pratyarthi kick viphalamaina pradaesaanni swaadheenam chesukuntundi)-oka american football kochlu saadhaaranamgaa naalugo downlanu maarchadaaniki prayatninche paridhi, lekapothe avi pratyarthi yokka 30-mariyu 45-gajaala linela madhya maaravu, kikkar ledhaa punter yokka grahinchina saamardhyalu mariyu pondadaaniki avasaramaina dhooram vanti kaarakaalanu batti.
moodu-mariyu-avt tarvaata punting anedi downlapy turnoverku bhinnamgaa untundi. moodu-avt tarvaata punting cheyadam valla oka jattu tama pratyarthini marinta munduku feeled positionlo unchukune avakaasam labhistundi. downlaloo turnover meeda, punt undadu mariyu pratyarthi jattu final (kenadian aatalo moodavadi, american aatalo naalgavadi) down ayina feeled pradaesamloe bantini swaadheenam chesukuntundi.
kenadian footballo, moodu downlu unnanduna, eee paristhitiloo "too und avt" anae padaanni upayogistaaru. kenadian aatalo, punts mariyu miss feeled goals paie oke paayintlanu saadhinchavachchu. phalitamgaa, kenadian football kochlu banthi feeled goal paridhi anchuna undatam valla ennadoo "daani kosam vellaru"-asaadhaarana paristhitulanu minahayinchi (aatalo naalugu mariyu enimidi paayintla madhya venukabadi undatam vantivi), feeled goal paridhi anchulo moodava mariyu saapekshamgaa podavaina jatlu saadhaaranamgaa punt (saadhaaranamgaa bantini sarihaddu nundi bayata pettaalane uddesyamto, vaastavaaniki oke paayintnu score cheyadaaniki badulugaa) ledhaa feeled goal cheyadaaniki prayatnistaayi.