
batavi tirugubaatu

batavi yokka tirugubaatu cree. sha. 69 mariyu 70 madhya germanialoni roman provincelo jarigindi. idhi raine nadhi deltalo batavialo nivasinche oka chinna conny sainikamgaa saktivantamaina german tega batavi praarambhinchina roman saamraajyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa jarigina tirugubaatu. twaralone galia belgica nundi seltic tegalu mariyu konni german tegalu vaaritho cheraayi.
saamraajya roman sainyamlo sahayaka adhikari ayina vaari vamsapaaramparya yuvaraju gayas juuliyas sivilis naayakatvamlo, batavi mariyu vaari mitraraajyaalu rendu dalaala naasanamtho sahaa roman sainyampai avamaanakaramaina otamulanu kaliginchagaligaayi. eee prarambha vijayala taruvaata, roman general quintus petilius serialis netrutvamloni bhaarii roman sainyam chivariki tirugubaatudaarulanu odinchindi. shanti charchala taruvaata, batavi mallii roman palanaku longipoyaru, conny avamaanakaramaina nibandhanalanu angeekarinchavalasi vachindi mariyu noviomagus (aadhunika nizmegen, netherlands) vadda vaari bhoobhaagamlo saasvatamgaa unchabadina oka dalam.
nepathyam.
batavi german chatti girijana samuuhaaniki chendina oka upa tega, vaaru paatha raine mariyu wall nadula (netikee vaati paeru meeda betuve anie pilustaaru) madhya praantaaniki valasa vacchaaru, idhi germanialoni roman provinsga maarindi. vaari bhoomi, saaravantamaina ondru niksheepaalu unnappatikee, pradhanamgaa khadgamruga delta chittadi neelalatoe kuudina ekkuvagaa saagu cheyalenidi. anduvalla adhi pooshinchagala batavi janabha chinnadih eee samayamlo 35,000 kante ekkuva kaadu. ayithe porugu praantaanni romanlu jayinchina taruvaata sataabdamloo, roman, gaulish mariyu german bhouthika samskruti kalisi abhivruddhi chendindi.
vaaru yuddhapriyulu, naipunhyam kaligina gurrapu swaareedaarulu, padavadaarulu mariyu eethagaallu. anduvalla avi adbhutamaina sainika-padaarthaalu. tributum" nundi minahaayimpu yokka asaadhaarana hakku (chaalaa mandhi "peregrini" kii lobadi unna bhoomi mariyu talalapai pratyaksha pannulu) kuu badulugaa, vaaru juuliyoo-claudian auxiliaku, mukhyamgaa aswikadalam loe asamaana sankhyalo niyamakalanu sarafara chesaru okati "alaa" mariyu enimidi "samuuhaalu". vaaru chakravarthy augustus yokka unnata sthaayi german angarakshakula regimentlo ("germani corpore custodes") chaalaa varaku andinchaaru, idhi cree. sha. 68 varaku unikilo konasaagindi. batavi axilia mottam 5,000 mandhi purushulu, antey mottam juuliyoo-claudian kaalamlo, sainika vayassu (16 samvatsaraalu) cherukunna batavi purushulalo 50 saataaniki paiga auxilialo namodu ayi undavacchu. aaa vidhamgaa, batavi, cree. sha. 23 loe saamrajyam yokka mottam janabhalo kevalam 0.05% ayinappatikee, mottam auxilialo 4 saatam sarafara chesindi, antey.ii. vaari nishpattilo vaataaku 80 retlu. romanlu vaarini tama sahayakulalo, mariyu vaastavaaniki vaari anni dalaalalo uttamamaina mariyu dhairyavanthulaina ("fortissimi", "validissimi") gaa bhaavinchaaru. roman sevalo, vaaru puurti kavacham mariyu aayudhalanu dharinchi nadulanu eetha kottadaniki oka pratyaekamaina saanketikatanu paripuurnamgaa roopondinchaaru.
gayas juuliyas sivilis (athani paeru kaadu) batavi yokka vamsapaaramparya yuvaraju mariyu batavi samuuham yokka prefect (commanding officer). roman sainyamlo 25 samvatsaraala vishishta sevalo anubhavagnudaina ayana, enimidi batavi samuuhaalu cree. sha. 43loe britainpai roman dandayaatralo, aaa deshaanni longadeesukovadamlo (43-66) mukhyamaina paatra pooshinchaaru.
ayithe, 69 natiki, nagarikulu, batavi regiments mariyu batavi prajalu rome nundi puurtigaa asantrupti chendaaru. 66loe britton nundi batavi regimentlanu upasamharinchukunna taruvaata, sivilis mariyu athani sodarudini (prefect kooda) germaniaku chendina governor, rajadroham anae tappudu aaropanalapai diguva sthaayi vaaru arrestu chesaaru. governor sodarudini uriteeyamani aadesinchi, roman chakravarthy neero teerpu kosam sivilisnu golusulato romku pampaadu. (chikitsalo vyatyaasam sodarudu inca "peregrinus" anie suuchistumdi, antey.ii. saamrajyamlo pourulu kaani vyakti, ayithe sivilis, athani paeru suuchimchinatlugaa, roman pourasatvam ivvabadindi, idhi athani kesunu chakravarthy vyaktigatamgaa vinadaniki arhata kaligi undhi). vichaarana kosam eduruchustunna sivils jailulo undagaa, cree. sha. 68loe italeeloki hispania governor, anubhavagnudaina general galbaga unna taraconensis netrutvamloni sainyam neeroni padagottindi. oka sataabdam kritam augustus sthaapinchina juuliyoo-claudian raajavamsam palanaku mugimpu paliki neero aatmahatya chesukunnadu. galbanu chakravartigaa prakatinchaaru. athanu desadroha aaropana nundi sivilisnu nirdoshigaa prakatinchi, intiki tirigi raavadaaniki anumatinchaadu.
ayithe, germanialo takkuva sthaayi, sivilisnu mallii arrestu chesinatlu telustondi, esaari kotta governor aalas vitelius aadesaala meraku, athani aadhvaryamlo unna dalaala korika meraku vyavaharistuu, sivilisnu uriteeyaalani demand chesaaru. intalo, galba german angarakshakula regimentnu raddu chesaadu, taruvaati chivari rojullo neeroku vaaru icchina vidheyata kaaranamgaa athanu daanini nammaledu. idhi aneka vandala crack batavi dalaalanu, mariyu nijaaniki mottam batavi deshaanni dhooram chesindi, vaaru dheenini teevramaina avamanamga bhaavinchaaru. adhe samayamlo, 25 samvatsaraala kritam britton dandayaatra nundi vaaru anubandhinchabadina enimidi batavi samuuhaalu mariyu vaari maatru-sainyam XIV gemina madhya sambandhaalu kuppakulayi. roman sainikulu mariyu vaari german sahayakula madhya teevramaina dvesham kaneesam rendu sandarbhaallo teevramaina poraatamlo chelaregindi.
eee samayamlo, roman saamrajyam oka sataabdam paatu jarigina modati pedda antaryuddhamtho, antey naluguru chakravartula samvatsaramtho, ukkiribikkiri cheyabadindi. dheeniki kaaranam juuliyoo-claudian raajavamsam patanam. augustus vaarasulu sarihaddu sainyaalalo saadhaarana sainikula svayamchaalaka mariyu teevramaina vidheyatanu aasvaadinchaaru, conny galbacku vaari drushtilo alanti chattabaddhata ledhu. atyunnata adhikaram ippudu daanini swaadheenam chesukovadaniki (mariyu daanini unchukoovadaaniki) taginanta balamgaa unna yea sainikaadhikaariki ayina terichi undhi. modata, cree. sha. 69loe, galba deputy, odho, thana nayakudiki vyatiraekamgaa romlo tirugubaatu chesadu. anni gandaragolala madhya, odho aadhvaryamlo pretorian gaardu galbanu champadu.
appudu vitelius adhikaram kosam thana sonta vaelampaatanu praarambhinchaadu mariyu odhoku vyatiraekamgaa raine dalaalanu italeeloki nadipinchadaaniki siddamayyaadu. ippudu batavi sainika maddatu atyavasaramgaa avasaramaite, vitelius sivilisnu vidudala chesaadu. badulugaa, batavi regiments bedriacum yuddhamlo odho dalaalanu oodinchadaaniki vitelius kuu sahayapaddayi. batavi dalaalu intiki tirigi raavaalani aadesinchaaru. conny eee samayamlo syrialoni dalaala commander general titus flavius vespasianus tirugubaatu gurinchi vaartalu vachayi, athani sonta aidu dalaala bhaarii sainyam tvaralo danubelo dalaalatoe cherindi. marinta dalaalanu penchadaaniki aatrutagaa unna germanialoni vitelius governor, vaari oppandamlo perkonna garishta sthaayi kante ekkuva bataaveelanu niyaminchadaaniki prayatninchadam dwara batavi yokka sadbhavananu kolpoyadu. batavi abbayilapai laingika vedhimpula aneka kesulaku kooda kaaranamaina roman niyamaka centurianla krooratvam mariyu avineeti, batavi maatrubhoomilo appatike teevra asantruptini rekettinchindi.
tirugubaatu.
69 vesavilo, raine dalaalalo ketaayinchina batavian sahayaka dalaalaku sivilis commanderga unnaaru. roman sainika vyuuhaala gurinchi aayanaku telusu, idhi vaarini elaa oodinchaaloo ataniki aalochanalu ichindi. modati charya oka mosapurita charyanu erpaatu cheyadam, nagarikulu batavia velupala tirugubaatunu prerepinchi, uttara roman sainyanni mukkalu cheyadam.
siriya, asea mainer, thoorpu, nirankusatvaaniki alavaatu padinatlugaa, baanisatvaaniki longanivvandi... swechcha anedi prakruti mooga jantuvulaku kooda icchina bahumati. dhairyam anedi manishi yokka vilakshanhamaina shreshtata, mariyu devatalu dhairyavanthula pakshaaniki sahayam chestaaru. - gayas juuliyas sivilis
cononafates tega batavianlu mariyu uttara samudram madhya unna bhoomulalo nivasinchevaaru. tirugubaatunu prerepinchadaaniki nagarikulu upayoginchina preranalu teliyavu, conny vaari pradhana brinno netrutvamloni cononafates, trictum (utrecht) thoo sahaa aneka roman kotalapai daadi chesaaru. italeelooni chaalaa mandhi dalaalu antaryuddhamlo poraadadamtho, romanlu apramattamgaa undipoyaaru. raine dalaala commander flacus paristhitini niyantrinchadaaniki sahayaka dalaalanu pampaadu. phalitamgaa romanlaku maroe vipattu sambhavinchindi. sivilis tirugubaatuku suutradhaarigaa vyavaharinchi, aadhunika ernheim sameepamlo romanlanu oodinchaadu.
tirugubaatudaarulato vyavaharinchadaaniki flacus vii "alade" mariyu xv "premigenia" dalaalanu aadesinchaadu. vaaritho paatu moodu sahayaka unitlu undevi, veetilo nagarikataku telisina satruvu claudius labio netrutvamloni batavian aswikadalam kooda undhi. eee yuddham aadhunika nizmegen sameepamlo jarigindi. batavian regiment tama deshaprajalaku vidichipetti, appatike balaheenamaina romanla manosthairyaaniki debba kottindi. roman sainyam debbatindi mariyu dalaalu tama castra vetera (aadhunika janten) bays campku tirigi vellavalasi vachindi.
eee samayaniki, batavianlu spashtamgaa paicheyi kaligi unnaaru. saamraajya simhasana kosam vitelius thoo poraadutunna vespassian kooda thana satruvunu raine dalaalanu italeeki pilavakunda nirodhinchina tirugubaatuku vandanam chesaadu. batavianlaku swaatantryam vaagdaanam cheyabadindi mariyu nagarikulu raaju ayye maargamlo unnaaru.
castra pasuvaidya.
teliyani kaaranaala valla, batavianlaku idhi saripoledu. sivilis prateekaaram teerchukoovadaaniki enchukuni, rendu roman dalaalanu naasanam chestamani pramaanam chesindi. samayanni baga enchukunnaaru. aaa samvatsaramlo naluguru chakravartula antaryuddham garishta sthaayiki cherukovadamto, rome samarthavanthamaina edurudaadini cheyataaniki kontha samayam padutundi. antekakunda, vitelius sainyam yokka enimidi batavian sahayaka unitlu intiki veltunnaayi mariyu swatantra batavia kosam tirugubaatulo chaeradaaniki sulabhamgaa oppinchavachhu. idhi oka mukhyamaina upabalamgaa undedi. anubhavagnulaina dalaalugaa kakunda, vaari sankhya moguntiacum (mainz) mariyu bonna (baan) loe moharinchina samyukta roman dalaala kante ekkuvagaa undhi.
septembaru 69loe, sivilis castra pasuvaidyaanni muttadinchadam praarambhinchindi, idhi vii "alade" mariyu xv "premigenia" yokka 5,000 mandhi sainikula shibiram. eee shibiram chaalaa aadhunikamainadi, sarafara mariyu baga rakshinchabadina, matti, ituka mariyu kalapa godalu, gopuraalu mariyu double guntatho nindi undhi. sibiraanni balavantamgaa swaadheenam chesukovadaniki konni viphala prayatnaalu chesina taruvaata, sivilis dalaalanu aakalitho longadeesukoovaalani nirnayinchukundi.
intalo, flacus italeelo yuddham phalitam kosam vechi undaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. kontakaalam mundu, galia lugdunensis yokka tirugubaatu windexku vyatiraekamgaa chesina charyalaku raine dalaalu galbato sikshinchabaddaayi. vespassian yuddhamlo vijayam saadhinchaadu mariyu vitriusku vidheyudaina castra veteraalo muttadi cheyabadina kaneesam rendu dalaalu atanini rakshinchadaaniki rakunda nirodhinchadam dwara sivilis ataniki chakravarthy kaavadaaniki sahayam chesaadu. flacus mariyu athani commanderlu rendava sainika porapatunu edurkodaniki ishtapadaledu mariyu suuchanala kosam vechi undaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. vitelius otami vaartalu vachinappudu, sivilis muttadini konasaaginchindi. athanu vespassian kosam poradaledu, athanu batavia kosam poraadutunnaadu. muttadinchina dalaalanu rakshinchadaaniki flacus edurudaadini siddham cheyadam praarambhinchindi. vaaru puurtigaa siddhamai, aascharyakaramaina daadini praarambhinchae varaku sivilis vechi undaledu. december 1 saayantram, athani uttama enimidi aswikadalam brundaalu crefeldloni romanlapai daadi chesaayi. roman sainyam yuddhamlo vijayam saadhinchi batavian aswikadalamnu naasanam chesindi, conny vaari sonta nashtalu aparamainavi.
romanlu castra pasuvaidyaaniki vastaarani telisi, sivilis muttadini vidichipetti, moguntiakambai daadi chestaanani bedirinchaadu. romanlu tappudova pattinchabaddaaru mariyu germania superiorloni vaari pradhana sthaavaraanni rakshinchadaaniki taralinchaaru. moguntiakamlo vaaru vespassian simhasananni adhishtinchina vaartanu andukunnaru. flacus dalaalaku kontha mottaanni pampinhee cheyadam dwara eee karyakramanni jarupukovalani nirnayinchukunnadu, conny eee dalaalu chaaritraatmakamgaa vaari maajee commander ayina viteliusku vidheyata chupayi mariyu eee audaaryam charyanu neeramgaa ardham chesukunnaru. flacus hatya cheyabaddaadu mariyu athani rendava-inn-command vidichipetti, roman sainyanni gandaragola sthithilo unchaaru.
sivilis thana avakaasaanni chushadu mariyu emi jarugutundo romanlaku teliyaka mundhe, athani dalaalu marosari castra pasuvunu muttadinchaayi.
tirugubaatu konasaagutundi.
tirugubaatudaarulaku anukuulamgaa unde asamaanatalatoe 70va samvatsaram praarambhamaindi. rendu dalaalu ippatikee castra vetera vadda muttadinchabaddaayi mariyu migilina roman sainyam tirugubaatunu edurkovataniki taginanta peddadi kaadu. batavian tirugubaatuto paatu, trevironlu mariyu lingonlu gall yokka swaatantryaanni prakatinchaaru. tirugubaatu chakravarthy juuliyas sabinus, ii "germania" mariyu XVI "galika" lanu thana vaipuku raavaalani oppinchagaligaadu. castra pasuvaidyaalayamlo paristhiti dayaneeyamgaa undhi. aahara sarafaraalu aipoyayi mariyu muttadinchina dalaalu manugada kosam gurralu mariyu gaadidalanu tintunnaayi. upasamanam labhinche avakaasam lekunda, dalaala commander, munius lupercus, longipovalani nirnayinchukunnadu.
tirugubaatudaarulache tolaginchabadataaniki shibiram nundi bayaludaerinatlayitee surakshitamgaa pravartistaamani dalaalaku haamii ivvabadindi. anni aayudhalu, phirangula samagri mariyu bangaaraanni dochukovadaniki vadilivesaaru. v "alade" mariyu xv "premigenia" shibiram nundi bayataku vellaaru, conny konni kilometres taruvaata german dalaalu vaaripai merupudaadi chesi naasanam chesaayi. commander mariyu pradhana adhikaarulanu banisaluga chesi, batavianla perugudalanu anchanaa vesina pravaktri veledaaku bahumatigaa icchaaru.
eee vijayam taruvaata, sivilis colonia agrippina (colone) kii velli akkada sibiraanni erpaatu chesindi. taruvaati nelallo, athanu uttara gall mariyu germaniaku chendina itara tegalanu tirugubaatulo cheramani oppinchadamlo thana samayanni vecchinchaadu.
rome prateekaaram teerchukuntundi.
germanylo tirugubaatu ippudu saamraajyaaniki nijamaina muppuga maarindi. rendu dalaalu poyayi, maroe rendu (antey "germany" mariyu xvi "galika") tirugubaatudaarula niyantranalo unnaayi. deenni ekkuva kaalam anumatinchalekapoyaru. vespassian saamrajyaanni thana chetullo unchukuni, italeelooni paristhitini adupulo unchukunna ventane, athanu charya teesukoovaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. athanu sannihita bandhuvu mariyu anubhavagnudaina general ayina quintus petilius serialisnu prateekaara dalaaniki commanderga niyaminchaadu. otamini edurkodaniki ishtapadani, oka bhaarii sainyanni pilipinchaaru. augusta", "xi" claudia ", xii" gemina ", xxi" rapax ", mariyu iteevala vidhinchina II" adiutrics "anae dalaalanu ventane germaniaku pampaaru. adanamgaa, I "adiutrics" mariyu vi "victricks" dalaalanu hispania nundi mariyu XIV "gemina" nuu britania nundi pilipinchaaru. eee dalaalalo chaalaa bhagalu gall mariyu germanialoni itara praantaalanu saantimpachaeyadaaniki mariyu raine sarihaddunu bhadraparachadaaniki moharinchabaddaayi. ayinappatikee, syrialis sainyam bhareedigaa undi tirugubaatudaarulaku teevramaina muppunu kaliginchindi.
sainyam sameepistunna vaartatoe, nagarikula mitrulalo okaraina juuliyas tutor longipoyadu. khaidu cheyabadina" dalaalu, i "germany" mariyu xvi "galika", longipoyayi. vaaru avamaanaaniki gurayyaru mariyu rome meeda vaariki nammakam ledhu. ii "germany" raddu cheyabadindi mariyu daani dalaalu pannooneeyaalooni VII "gemina" kii jodinchabaddaayi. xvi "galika" legio xvi "flavia firma" paerutoe punarnirminchabadindi. anni disala nundi krindiki nettivestuu, syrialis tirugubaatudaarulanu mariyu vaari (ippudu korata unna) mitradeshaalanu uttaraana venakki tagginchamani balavantam chesindi. tirugubaatu ippudu germaniaku takkuva sthaayiki parimitam cheyabadindi.
thana matrubhumi batavia nundi, sivilis kontakaalam paatu roman sainyampai daadi cheyadaaniki bhoomi dwara varusa daadulaloo mariyu thana naukaadalam sahayamtho, wall mariyu raine nadulalo prayatninchaadu. eee daadulaloo okadaanilo, sivilis roman naukaadalam yokka pradhana noukanu swaadheenam chesukogaligindi. idhi pratispandananu korina avamanamga undhi. syrialis ika vechi undakudadani nirnayinchukuni bataviapai daadi chesaadu.
tirugubaatu praarambhamlo, modati yoodu-roman yuddha samayamlo judialo pradhana sainika karyakalapalalo rome ekkuvagaa nimagnamai undhi. ayithe, cree. sha. april 70loe praarambhamaina jerusalem muttadi september praarambhamlo mugisindi, yuddham tappanisarigaa mugisindi. jerusalem padipoyindani sivilis vinnapudu, rome ippudu thana meeda bharinchadaaniki daani puurti vanarulanu teesukuvastundani grahinchinappudu, sivilis shanti nelakolpindi.
shanti charchalu jarigaayi. nabalia nadipai oka vantena nirminchabadindi, akkada poraadutunna paarteelu rendu vaipula okadaanikokati cherukunnayi. saadhaarana oppandaalu teliyavu conny batavianlu roman saamraajyamtho tama pottunu punaruddharinchukovalasi vachindi mariyu maroe enimidi sahayaka aswikadalam unitlanu vidhinchaalsi vachindi. batavian rajadhani nizmegen naasanam cheyabadindi mariyu daani nivaasulu daanini konni kilometres diguva bhaagamlo rakshana laeni sthithilo punarnirminchaalani aadesinchaaru. antekakunda, saantini bhadraparachadaaniki x "gemina" sameepamlo unchabadutundi.
nagarikata yokka vidhi teliyadu.
netherlandslo saamskrutika prabhavam.
17va mariyu 18va sataabdaalaloo dutch rachayitalu swatantra mariyu swechhanu ishtapade batavianla tirugubaatunu speyin mariyu itara rakaala dourjanyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa dutch tirugubaatunu pratibimbimchaelaa chuusaaru. eee jaateeyavaada drukpatham prakaram, batavianlu dutch yokka "nijamaina" puurveekulu, idhi satabdaalugaa eee paerunu punaraavrutamgaa upayoginchadaanni vivaristundi. 1619loe dutch vaaru jakaartaaku "batavia" anie paeru pettaru. french viplava suutraala aadhaaramgaa 1795loe srushtinchabadina dutch republicnu batavian republic anie pilicharu. 
anduvalla, batavi tirugubaatu nayakulaku dutch jaateeya veerula hodha ivvabadindi mariyu roman palanaku vyatiraekamgaa vaari tirugubaatu spanish palanaku vyatiraekamgaa 16va sataabdapu dutch tirugubaatuku purvagaamigaa pariganinchabadindi. eee paejee eguvana unna rembrand chitralekhanam batavi tirugubaatu yokka aaa drukpathamlo bhaagam. 1613loe oto vaan wean kooda batavi tirugubaatu gurinchi varusa chitraalanu roopondinchaadu.
netikee "batavian" anae padaanni konnisaarlu dutch prajalanu vivarinchadaaniki upayogistaaru; idhi frenchnu vivarinchadaaniki "gallick" mariyu germanlanu vivarinchadaaniki "tutonic" nuu upayoginchadam laantidi.

