
kimm day-jung

kimm day-jung (; 6 janavari 1924-18 augustu 2009), tarachugaa thana modati aksharaala dwara suuchimchabadataaru, 1998 nundi 2003 varaku dakshina korea enimidava adhyakshudiga panichesina dakshina korea raajakeeyavetta mariyu kaaryakarta.
dakshina korealo mariyu saadhaaranamgaa thoorpu asealo prajaswamyam mariyu maanava hakkula kosam, mariyu uttara korea mariyu japanto shanti mariyu sayodhya kosam ayana chesina krushiki 2000 nobel shanti bahumati graheeta. ippati varaku nobel bahumatini geluchukunna ekaika corian kooda aayane. aayananu konnisaarlu "asiaku chendina nelson mandela" anie pilustaaru. kimm adhyaksha padavini geluchukunna modati pratipaksha abhyardhi.
prarambha jeevitam.
kimm day-jung 1924 janavari 6naa janminchaadu, conny taruvaata japan valasa paalanalo nirbandha sainika niyamakanni nivaarinchadaaniki thana puttina teedeeni 1925 december 3kii savarinchaadu. kimm eduguru pillalalo rendavaadu. ayana tandri kimm unn-sick oka raitu. kimm 12va taram kimm ick-suu (kimm; kimm) varasudu, athanu yuddha mandaliki rendava mantrigaa panicheesaadu (kimm; kimm) mariyu josen kaalamlo gwansangam nirmaanamloo palgonna poura mantri (kimm). ick-suu gimhe kimm vamsaaniki chendina kimm young-jiong (kimm young-jiong) manavadu, idhi atanni kimm jong-pill yokka suduura bandhuvugaa chestundi. kimm appudu dakshina geola provincelo unna sinan county, dakshina geollaalo janminchaadu; eee nagaram ippudu geollanum-doow loe undhi. kimm unnata paatasaala vidyanu puurti cheyagaligela athani kutumbam sameepamloni odarevu nagaramaina mokpoku maarindi. soshi-kaimee ordinance aamodinchinanduna athanu thana paerunu toyota taichu (<unk> δι) gaa marchukovalasi vachindi.
kimm 1944loe mokpo vaanijya madhyamika paatasaala nundi pattabhadrudayyaadu mariyu japanese-nirvahinche shipping companylo gumastaagaa panicheesaadu. 1945loe kimm thana modati bhaarya chaa yang-enu vivaham chesukunnadu, iddaru kumaarulu kaligaaru. rendava prapancha yuddhamlo japan otami mariyu korea vimukti taruvaata, athanu company nirvahana kamiteeki chairmanga ennikayyaaru. 1946loe, kottagaa vimukti pondina korea 40 samvatsaraalalo modatisaarigaa tamanu taamu elaa paripalinchukovalo charchinchinappudu, athanu communist anukuula mariyu communist vyatiraeka sabhyulatho oka jaateeyavaada samsthalo cheraadu, kaani communist anukuululatoe vibhedaala taruvaata vellipoyaadu. ayithe, idhi athani bhavishyat raajakeeya jeevitamlo thana raajakeeya pratyarthula nundi redd-bitingku atanni siddhamgaa unchindi. 1947loe ayana oka oodanu konugolu chesi, thana sonta shipping companyni praarambhinchi, 1948loe kimm mokpo dinapatrika prachuranakarta ayyadu. 1950 juunloo korea yuddham prarambhamainappudu, kimm seol loe vyapara paryatanalo unnadu. athanu kaalinadakana mokpoku tirigi vachinappudu, athanu uttara korea communistulache bandhinchabaddaadu mariyu athanu tappinchukogaliginappatiki, kalchi champabadaalani siksha vidhinchabaddaadu.
prarambha raajakeeya jeevitam.
kimm thana vyapaaraanni muginchi, 1954loe korea modati adhyakshudu singhman rii paripaalanalo mokpo nundi utsaahamgaa raajakeeyaalloki pravesinchaadu. 1954 nundi 1960 varaku ayana naalugu saarlu ennikallo odipoyaaru. 1956loe ayana maajee pradhani chang myon netrutvamloni pratipaksha prajaasvaamya paarteeki adhikaarika party pratinidhi ayyaru. kimm bhaarya chaa yang-yea 1959loe oohinchani vidhamgaa maraninchindi, taruvaata kimm kaathalikkulugaa maararu.
1961 mae 14naa jarigina jaateeya assembly upa ennikaloo ayana pratinidhigaa ennikainappatiki, park chung hii rendu rojula taruvaata mae 16 tirugubaatulo adhikaranni chejikkinchukunnadu, taruvaata ennikalanu raddu chestu niyantrutva adhikaaraalanu chepattadu. thana hakkulanu punaruddharinchukune mundu atanni kontakaalam arrestu chesaaru.
1962loe kimm kraistava kaaryakarta lii hii-honu vivaham chesukunnadu, aayanaku maroe kumarudu janminchaadu.
1963 mariyu 1967loe jarigina tadupari ennikalaloo ayana sabhalo oka sthaanaanni geluchukogaligaaru mariyu pramukha pratipaksha nayakudiga maararu.
1971 adhyaksha ennikala pracharam.
1970loe kyung hii vishwavidhyaalayamlo aardhika saastramlo masters course puurti chesina taruvaata, 1971loe dhesha adhyaksha ennikallo adhyakshudu park chung heeki vyatiraekamgaa pratipaksha abhyardhigaa pootii chesaaru. president park padaveekaala parimitulanu tolaginchi, moodava saari pootii cheyadaaniki prayatnistunnaaru. chaalaa pratibhaavantulaina vakta ayina kimm thana maddatudaarulalo achanchalamaina vidheyatanu kaligi undagaladu. kimm young-saam anae maroe prajaasvaamya anukuula raajakeeya nayakudipai kimm pratipaksha party nominationnu geluchukunnaru.
kimm sankshema-aadhaarita "saamuuhika aardhika vyavastha" kuu haamii icchaaru mariyu uttara koreatho udriktatalanu tagginchaalani kooda vaadinchaaru, adhe samayamlo park tirigi ennikainatlayithe, athanu "generalsimo" avutaadani sarigga anchanaa vaesaaru.
aayanaku balamaina maddatu ayana sonta praantamaina geola nundi vachindi, akkada ayana vishwasaneeyamgaa 95 saatam prajaadarana pondina otlanu pondaaru, idhi dakshina korea rajakeeyaalalo saatileni rikaardu. paalaka paalana vidhinchina thana abhyardhitvampai addamkulu unnappatikee, parkuku vyatiraekamgaa 45 saatam otlanu balamgaa pradarsinchi, ayana balamgaa pradarsana icchaaru. eee balamaina pradarsanatoe, park kimnu thana palanaku muppuga bhaavinchindi.
1971loe hatyayatnam.
oka nela taruvaata adhyaksha ennikala taruvaata, kimm saasanasabha ennikala kosam pracharam chestunnappudu, oka trucku neerugaa athani kaaru maargamloki maari, atanni mariyu athani iddaru sahayakulanu teevramgaa gaayaparichindi. hip keella gaayamtho badhapaduthunna ayana jeevitaantam shaashwata angastambhanatho migilipoyaru. eee gharshana park paalana chesina hatyayatnam anie anumaanistunnaaru. aaa taruvaata koddikaalaanike, athanu japanku bayaluderi, adhyakshudu park sweeya-tirugubaatunu praarambhinchi, 1972 niyantrutva yushin raajyaamgaanni pravesapettadamto bahishkarana udyamaanni praarambhinchaadu.
1973loe xia apaharana.
kimm aagashtu 1973loe dadapuga champabaddadu, adhyakshudu park yokka "yushin" karyakramam gurinchi vimarsalaku pratispandanagaa, niyantrutva adhikaaraalanu manjuru chesinappudu, atanni tokyoloni oka hotel nundi xia agentlu kidnap chesaaru. konni samvatsaraala taruvaata, kimm thana 2000 nobel shanti bahumati upanyaasamlo eee sanghatanalanu pratibimbimchaaduh
seol looni america rayabari phillip habib dakshina korea prabhutvamtho athani kosam madhyavartitvam vahinchaadu; "vimanam" anie pilavabadedi japan samudra aatmarakshana dalam nundi vacchina gastee vimanam, idhi apaharanadaarulanu vembadistondi.
kimm dakshina koreaku tirigi vacchi, gruha nirbandhamlo unchabadi, rajakeeyaala nundi nishedhinchabaddaadu. prabhutva vyatiraeka manifesto prakatanalo paalgonnanduku 1976loe jailu palayyadu mariyu aidu samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchabaddaadu, idhi december 1978loe gruha nirbandhamgaa tagginchabadindi. eee kaalamlo, athanu amnesty international dwara manassakshi khaidiigaa niyaminchabaddaadu.
october 2007loe, xia vaarasudaina jaateeya nigha seva, xia kutranu nirvahinchindani angeekarinchindi. niss thana vicharanni vyaktam chesi, kimnu champi samudramlo padeyaalani pranaalika vaesaadu. adhyakshudu park "kaneesam nishkriyaatmaka aamodam icchaaru" anie nis panel cheppinappatikee, aaa samayamlo park neerugaa apaharanaku aadesinchinatlu niroopinchalekapoyaamani panel perkondi.
maranasiksha mariyu bahishkarana.
majer general chunn doo-hwan december pannendava teedeena tirugubaatuku kontakaalam mundu, park hatyaku guraina taruvaata 1979 decemberlo taatkaalika adhyakshudu choyi kyuu-haa kimm thana raajakeeya hakkulanu kluptamgaa punaruddharinchaaru.
tirugubaatu nepathyamlo, chum paalana anachiveta yokka kotta taramgaanni praarambhinchindi, kimm thana raajakeeya balamaina sthaavaramaina gwangjulo mae 1980 praja tirugubaatunu prerepinchaadani tappugaa aaropinchindi mariyu rajadroha, kutra aaropanalapai atanni arrestu chesindi. 1980 septembarulo aayanaku maranasiksha vidhinchabadindi.
pope zaan paal II 1980 december 11naa appati dakshina korea adhyakshudu chunn doo-hwanku oka lekha pampaaru, dheenilo kimm anae catholic kosam kshamaapana koraru. kimm maranasiksha yuu. ess. loe jaragalani chunn korukunnarani american intelligence ardham chesukundi.ess. padavee viramana chesina adhyakshudu jimmy carter mariyu adhyakshudiga ennikaina ronald reegan madhya adhyaksha parivartana. dakshina korea prabhutvamtho paelavamaina sambandhaalu unna avtgoing carter paripalana, reegan yokka raboye jaateeya bhadrata salahaadaaru richard vii. jokyam chesukovadaniki. eee maranasikshaku reegan paripalananu nindinchaalani korukoni allen, kimm maranasikshanu reegan vyatirekistunnadani chuntho cheppadu. kimm sikshanu tagginchaalani allen koraadu, 1980 tirugubaatu taruvaata thana palananu america aamodinchaalani korukune chunn, fibravari 1981loe white house vadda kotta reegan paripalananu sandarsinchina modati videshee naayakulalo okarigaa undataaniki aahvanaaniki badulugaa angeekarinchaadu. kimm sikshanu 20 samvatsaraala jailuku marcharu.
1982 decemberlo, athanu united states loe bahishkarinchabaddaadu.ess. tatkalikamga bostonlo sthirapadi, haarvard vishwavidhyaalayamlo center pharr international affires kuu visiting professorga bodhinchaaru. videshaalalo thana kaalamlo, athanu dakshina korea prabhutvaanni teevramgaa vimarsinchina aneka abhipraayaalanu pramukha paaschaatya vaartaapatrikalalo rachinchaadu. 1983 marchi 30naa georgialoni atlaantaaloni emory vishwavidhyaalayamlo maanava hakkulu mariyu prajaasvaamyampai kimm prasangam chesi, aaa samstha gourava doctorate off laa degreeni andukunnaru.
tirigi dakshina koreaku.
rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata, fibravari 1985loe, athanu patricia emm thoo sahaa muppai edu mandhi maddatudaarulato thana swadaesaaniki tirigi vacchaadu. derian, maajee yuu.ess. maanava hakkula sahaya karyadarshi, iddaru congress sabhyulu mariyu aneka itara pramukha americanlu. seol cherukunna taruvaata, athani prayaana sahacharulu chaalaa mandini xia vedhinchagaa, kimm mariyu athani bhaarya lii hii-hoow ventane gruha nirbandhamlo unchabaddaaru.
1985 dakshina korea saasanasabha ennikalaloo paalaka prabhutvam ghoramgaa odipoyina taruvaata, chunn padnaalugu mandhi pratipaksha raajakeeya naayakulapai nishedhaanni ettivesadu, conny kimm day-jung kosam kaadu.
vidudala, kshamabhiksha mariyu 1987 adhyaksha ennikala pracharam.
1987 juunloo chunn doo-hwanku vyatiraekamgaa jarigina poraatamlo, chunn prajala demandku longipoyi, kimm day-jangnu vidudala chesi, desham yokka modati swechhaa adhyaksha ennikalanu kooda anumatinchaaru. juun 29naa chunn doo-hwan varasuduga empikaina maajee general roh tay-vuu chesina prakatanalo kimku kshamabhiksha ivvabadindi mariyu athani raajakeeya hakkulu punaruddharinchabaddayi.
kimm mariyu itara pramukha pratipaksha nayakudu kimm young-saam, modatlo oka abhyardhi venuka ekam avtamani vaagdaanam chesaaru. ayithe, evaru gelavaalane daanipai iddari madhya vibhedaalu kimm day-jung pradhana pratipaksha party ayina punarekeekarana prajaasvaamya party nundi vidipoyi, adhyaksha padaviki pootii cheyadaaniki shanti prajaasvaamya paarteeni erpaatu chesindi. phalitamgaa, pratipaksha ootu vibhajinchabadindi, mariyu roh prajaadarana pondina otlalo 36.6% thoo matrame gelichaaru. kimm young-saam 28 saatam, kimm day-jung 27 saatam otlanu pondaaru.
juulai 2019loe, samachara swechcha abhyardhana dwara hankong yokka "south chaina marning post" dwara pondina american central intelligence agency (cia) patraala prakaram, sainika maddatugala paalaka dalaalu roh odipoyina sandarbhamlo ennikala phalitaanni parishkarinchadaaniki vivaranaatmaka pranaalikalanu roopondinchaayi. ennikala phalitaalaku vyatiraekamgaa praja tirugubaatunu prerepinchadaaniki" kimm day-jung prayatninchinatlayite "bahiranga arrestu uttarvu" siddham cheyabadindani paerkontuu, ootu taruvaata edainaa asaantini arikattadaaniki prabhutvam siddhamgaa undani patraalu suuchimchaayi. roh ennikallo vijayam saadhinchinanduna, pranaalikalu amalu kaaledu.
kimm taruvaata 1988 mariyu 1992loe jaateeya assembleaki ennikayyaaru.
1992 adhyaksha ennikala pracharam mariyu viramam.
1992loe kimm adhyaksha padavi kosam maroe viphalamaina prayatnam chesaaru, esaari kimm young-saamku vyatiraekamgaa, 1990loe adhikara prajaasvaamya nyaya paarteetho aardeepeeni vileenam chesi prajaasvaamya udaaravaada paarteeni erpaatu chesaaru, idhi chivariki goppa jaateeya partyga maarindi. aaa tarvaata kimm rajakeeyaala nundi retirement prakatinchaadu.
kimm appudu sandarsaka panditudigaa cambridgeloni clair haallo sthaanam pondadaaniki united kingdamku bayaludaeraadu.
raajakeeyaalaku tirigi vellandi mariyu 1997 ennikalaloo vijayam saadhinchandi.
ayithe, 1995loe ayana raajakeeyaalloki tirigi vastunnatlu prakatinchaaru. 1996 jaateeya assembly ennikalaloo jabita seatu kosam thana tirigi prayatnamlo odipoyinappatiki, 1997 ennikalaloo adhyaksha padavi kosam thana naalugo anveshananu praarambhinchaaru.
praarambhamlo ennikalaloo bhaareega venukabadi, kontamandi shaashwata abhyardhigaa chusina ayana paristhiti, ennikalaku konni vaaraala mundu asea aardhika sankshobhamlo desham yokka aardhika patanam nepathyamlo prastuta sampradaayavaada kimm young-saam prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa prajalu tirugubaatu chesinappudu anukuulamgaa maarindi.
park chung hii aadhvaryamlo gatamlo pradhana mantrigaa unna kimm jong-pill thoo pottu yerparachukuni, 1997 december 18naa jarigina ennikalaloo kimm young-saam niyaminchabadina varasudu lii hoy-changnu oodinchaadu. aaa samayamlo athani ennikala vijayam atyanta daggaragaa undhi, ikkada paalaka sampradaayavaada paarteelo cheelika lii hoy-chang mariyu lii inn-jay yokka ververu abhyardhitvaalaku daariteesindi, mariyu iddaroo varusaga 38.7% mariyu 19.2% otlanu saadhinchaaru, tadwara kimm kevalam 40.3% prajaadarana pondina otutho ledhaa lii hoy-chang paie 390,000 otla thedaatho gelavadaniki veelu kalpinchindi. lii hoy-chang supreenkortu maajee nyaayamuurti mariyu pradhana mantri, ayana seol national university school off laa nundi thana taragatilo agrasthaanamlo pattabhadrudayyaadu. leeni rajakeeyamgaa anubhavam laeni, unnatavargamgaa vistrutamgaa chuusaaru, mariyu athani kumaarulu tappanisari sainika sevanu tappinchukunnaarane aaropanalanu samarthavantamgaa nirvahinchadamlo asamarthatha athani pracharanni marinta debbateesindi.
kimm, dheeniki viruddhamgaa, bayati vyakti image kaligi unnadu, idhi sthaapana vyatiraeka manasika sthithiki saripotundi mariyu thana prachaaramlo medianu samarthavantamgaa upayoginchukune vyuuhaanni abhivruddhi chesindi. 1997loe, "north winds" kumbhakonamlo lii party chattasabha sabhyulu palgonnaru, vaaru beijinglooni uttara korea agentlanu kalusukunnaru, vaaru lanchaalaku badulugaa, adhyaksha ennikalaku mundu dmjdpy gharshananu prerepinchadaaniki angeekarinchaaru, idhi uttara koreapai kimm yokka neechamaina vaikhari kaaranamgaa athani prachaaraaniki aatamkam kaliginche bhayandolananu kaliginchadaaniki prayatninchindi. lii sahacharulu taruvaata vichaaranaku gurayyaru.
maajee adhyakshula park chung hii, chunn doo-hwan, roh tay-vuu, kimm young-saam jiangsang praantam nundi udbhavinchaayi, idhi 1945 nundi paakshikamgaa park, chunn, roh palanala vidhaanaala kaaranamgaa dhanavantulayyindi. kimm day-jung nairuti geola praantam nundi puurti padaveekaalam panichesina modati adhyakshudu, eee praantam munupati adhyakshula vivakshata vidhaanaala kaaranamgaa nirlakshyam cheyabadindi mariyu paakshikamgaa abhivruddhi chendindi.
adhyakshudiga ennikaina parivartana kaalam.
ennikala tarvaata rendu rojula taruvaata, padavee viramana chesina adhyakshudu kimm young-saam mariyu adhyakshudiga ennikaina kimm day-jung kalisi 12 mandhi sabhyula ummadi atyavasara aardhika kamiteeni (eesi) erpaatu chesaaru, indulo avtgoing mariyu incoming prabhutvaala nundi aruguru sabhyulu untaaru, conny samarthavantamgaa adhyakshudiga ennikaina vaari niyantranalo untaaru, kimm day-jung rendu nelala taruvaata 25 fibravari 1998naa padavee baadhyatalu sweekarinche varaku vaastava aardhika mantrivargamgaa panicheesaaru. dheeni ardham kimm padavee baadhyatalu sweekarinchadaaniki mundhe eee kaalamlo aardhika nirnayaalu teesukune baadhyatanu samarthavantamgaa sweekarinchaaru.
asalu imf karyakramam mariyu daani december 24 savarinchina oppandam rendinti kinda avasaramaina padamudu aardhika samskarana billula varusanu parishkarinchadaaniki adhyakshudiga ennikaina sankeernam mariyu avtgoing president yokka majority grand national party kooda jaateeya assembly pratyeka samavesanni erpaatu cheyadaaniki angeekarinchaayi. eee parivartana kaalamlo mukhyamaina aardhika samskaranala chattalu chattamgaa aamodinchabaddaayi, avi nishkramana prabhutva hayaamlo nilichipooyaayi. adhyakshudiga ennikaina vaaru aneka mukhyamaina samskarana charyalaku saasana maddatu pondadaaniki nishkramana prabhutvam mariyu paalaka paarteetho sahakarinchaaru. mukhyamgaa, kottagaa erpadina aardhika paryaveekshaka commission (fsc) kuu gananeeyamaina adhikaaraalanu appaginchadam valla sankshobhamlo chikkukunna chaibollanu niyantrinche prabhutva adhikaaraalanu baga penchindi.
adhyakshudiga ennikaina kimm day-jung, 1996loe avineeti, rajadroham, tirugubaatu aaropanalapai khaidu cheyabadina iddaru maajee adhyakshulu, chum doo-hwan (kimku maranasiksha vidhinchina), roh tay-vuu (chum yokka rendava-command) lanu jaateeya aikyata sphuurtitoe kshaminchaalani avtgoing president kimm young-saamku salaha icchaaru.
presidency (1998-2003).
1998 fibravari 25naa dakshina korea enimidava adhyakshudiga ayana pramaana sweekaaram cheyadam korea charitralo modatisaarigaa adhikara party prajasvaamyayutamgaa ennikaina pratipaksha vijaetaku adhikaranni saantiyutamgaa badilee chesindi. aardhika sankshobham madhya kimm baadhyatalu sweekarinchaaru. thana praarambhopanyaasam loe, adhyakshudu kimm thana paripalananu "prajala prabhutvam" gaa abhivarninchaaru.anie.
aardhika samskaranalu mariyu punaruddharana.
adhyaksha abhyardhigaa, kimm imf runaalaku anubandhinchabadina sharatulanu kluptamgaa prasninchaaru mariyu daani gurinchi tirigi charchalu jarapalani suuchimchaaru. ayithe, kimm ennikaina ventane, dakshina korea aardhika aarogyaanni punaruddharinchadamlo imf oppandam yokka praamukhyatanu ventane gurtinchaadu. appati nundi, athanu dakshina korea pradhana adhyakshulalo atyanta navaudaaravaada vidhananni amalu chesaadu, idhi athani maaruperuku "navaudaaravaada viplavakarudu" () daariteesindi.
pettubadidaarula vishwaasaanni punaruddharinchadam kimm paripalana yokka modati pani. videshee runadaatalatoe paripalana varusa intensive samavesalu nirvahinchindi mariyu korea yokka swalpakaalika runaalalo naaluginta oka vanthu tirigi nirnayinchadamlo twaragaa vijayam saadhinchindi.
antarjaateeya dravya nidhi sifaarasu chesina aardhika samskaranalu mariyu punarnirmananni ayana teevramgaa munduku teesukellaaru, eee prakriyaloo dakshina korea aardhika vyavastha yokka prakruti drushyaanni gananeeyamgaa marcharu. antarjaateeya dravya nidhiki runaanni adhigaminchadaaniki ayana dakshina korealo bangaaru sekarana pracharanni praarambhinchaaru.
1999loe padavee baadhyatalu sweekarinchina ventane, kimm day-jung prabhutvam antarjaateeya pramaanaalaku anugunamgaa ekikruta aardhika nivedikalanu sweekarinchadaaniki veelugaa bayati auditor chattanni savarinchaalani munduku vachindi.
antekakunda, nashtaallo unna chaibol samuuhaalatoe anubandha samsthalu mariyu anubandha samsthalu byaankula nundi runaalu teesukovadam konasaaginchadaaniki mariyu aarogyakaramaina samsthala nundi aardhika vanarulanu vadulukovadaaniki cross-guaranteelu anumatinchadamtho, 1998 april 1naa prabhutvam kotta intra-chaibol paraspara chellimpu haameelanu nishedhinchindi mariyu 2000 marchi natiki prastuta haameelanu dasalavaareegaa tolaginchaalani aadesinchindi.
diwala samsthalanu moosiveyadamtho sahaa bakai unna runaalanu tagginchadaaniki chaibol samuuhaalatoe aardhika punarnirmaana oppandaalanu charchinchadam. swatantra bahya aaditlu, puurti bahirgatam mariyu sammelanaala ekikruta prakatanalatho sahaa antarjaateeyamgaa aamodinchabadina accounting paddhatulanu pravesapettadaaniki prabhutva nibaddhatato, kimm paripalana chebol corporate balance-sheetlu mariyu paalana yokka paaradarsakatanu meruguparachadaaniki mariyu korea aardhika vyavasthanu prapancha aardhika vyavasthatho marinta ekikaranaku teesukuraavadaaniki sahaayapadindi.
prabhutvam churukaina videshee pettubadula vidhananni kooda avalambinchindi. aneka byaankulu moosiveyabaddaayi, vileenam cheyabaddaayi ledhaa prabhutvam swaadheenam chesukundi, inca migili unna byaankulu tirigi muuladhanamgaa marchabaddayi. chaibol vaari pramaadakaramaina adhika runa-equity nishpattulanu tagginchadaaniki mariyu ekkuva corporate paaradarsakata mariyu javaabudaareetanaanni sthaapinchadaaniki ottidi cheyabadindi. kimm aadhvaryamlo videshee pratyaksha pettubadulu, aardhika mariyu corporate samskarana prakriyaku surakshitamaina, sthiramaina mariyu deerghakaalika pettubadi roopamgaa keelakamgaa pariganinchabaddaayi, alaage kotta saanketika parignaanaalu mariyu nirvaahaka paddhatulanu kooda pondagaligaayi.
kimm paripalana aasinchina phalitaalanu teesukuraavadaaniki balamaina chethi vyuuhaalanu upayoginchadaaniki venukaadaledu. udaaharanaku, hyunday niyantrana vatanu teesukoovadaanni elgy group abhyantaram vyaktam chesi, vileenam charchala madhya upasamharinchukovaalani nirnayinchukunnappudu, kottagaa srushtinchabadina aardhika paryaveekshaka commission (fsc) ventane elgy group runadaatalanu pilichi, takshaname runaanni nilipiveyadam mariyu ippatike unna runaalanu recoll cheyadam vanti sikshaatmaka charyalanu charchinchi, pannu daryaaptu nirvahistaamani bedirinchindi. chivariki, elgy group viliinaaniki angeekarinchindi, nirvahana niyantrananu vidichipetti, thana semiconductor vyapaaraanni hyunday kii vikrayinchindi. adevidhamgaa, shamsung thana automotive karyakalapalanu devooku vikrayinchamani prothsahinchabadindi.
yajamanyam nundi yajamanyanni vaeru cheyadam dwara chaibols vaari yajamanya nirmaanaanni marchukovadamlo samskaranalu niraadambaramgaa vijayavantamayyaayi. anduvalla, eee kaalamlo chesina atipedda maarpulu ekikruta aardhika nivedikala dwara chaibol corporate paalanalo samskaranalu, swatantra bahya aaditlu mariyu intra-group mutual payment guaranteelanu tagginchadam.
chaibols kooda vaari adhika parapatini tagginchadam dwara mariyu konni pradhana samarthyalalo vaari aneka karyakalapalanu ekikrutam cheyadam dwara vaari karyakalapalanu kramabaddheekarinchaaru. kondaru tama runa bharanni tagginchi, laabhadaayakatanu kooda penchukunnaaru. 1998loe aardhika vyavastha 5.8 saatam kunchinchukupoyina taruvaata, 1999loe adhi 10.2 saatam vruddhi chendhi, aakattukune punaruddharananu suuchimchimdi. dakshina korea 2001 augustulo imf runaanni, anukunna daanikante 3 samvatsaraala mundugaane tirigi chellinchindi.
semikandaktarlu, automobiles, liquid christal displaylu mariyu mobile phonela egumati dwara egumatulu kooda kolukunnayi. 1998 mariyu 1999 samvatsaraallo videshee pettubadulu gatha 40 samvatsaraala sanchita mottaanni adhigaminchaayi. videshee maaraka nilvalu 1997 decemberlo atyanta takkuva $39 kotla nundi 1999 chivari natiki $74 biliyanlaku cherukunnayi, idhi korea yokka swalpakaalika bahya baadhyatala kante daadaapu rettimpu. yuu thoo poliste marakam raetu 30 saatam vaegamgaa balapadindi.ess. dollar, vaastavaaniki korea yokka antarjaateeya pootiitatvaanni ksheeninchadam gurinchi aandolana kaliginche sthaayiki, mariyu nirudyogam padipoyindi.
1999 joolailo dhevuu diwala teesina nepathyamlo rendava aardhika sankshobham talettinatlu aandolanalu unnappatikee (daani chhairman kimm vuu-chong prabhutva punarnirmaanam mariyu sahayam unnappatikee company runabhaaraanni penchadam mariyu dookudugaa vistarinchadam konasaaginchaaru), aardhika punaruddharana batalone konasaagindi. devooku beyil ivvakudadani kooda nirnayinchukovadam dwara, kimm prabhutvam yea company viphalamavadaaniki chaalaa peddadi kaadani chaibollaku sandesam pampindi.
corporate punaravasam mariyu diwala daakhalu kosam chattaparamaina charyalanu sulabhataram cheyadam mariyu marketla nundi nishkraminchadaaniki aacharaneeyamaina samsthalaku nibandhanalanu kramabaddhikarinchadam dwara paripalana diwala chattalanu kooda savarinchindi.
cyber moulika sadupayalu.
kimm day-jung paripalana desavyaaptamgaa hye-speed ii. sii. tii moulika sadupaayaalanu nirminchindi mariyu daanini prothsahinchindi mariyu bhavishyat vruddhiki vyapaaraalanu prothsahinchindi. thana praarambhopanyaasam loe, dakshina korea paarisraamika samaajaala shrenula nundi munduku sagalane daarsanikatanu ayana vyaktam chesaaru...aardhika abhivruddhiki aspashtamaina ghnaanam mariyu samacharam chodaka saktigaa unde ghnaanam mariyu samachara aadhaarita samaajaala shrenulloki pravesinchadam ". nedu, dakshina korea prapanchamlooni atyanta saanketikamgaa abhivruddhi chendina deshaalalo okati mariyu baga anusandhaaninchabadina cyber moulika sadupaayaalanu kaligi undhi, idhi adhyakshudu kimm aadhvaryamlo nirminchadam mariyu pempondinchadam praarambhinchindi.
sankshemam.
paripaalanalo, saamaajika rakshanapai kharchu moodu retlu perigindi. saamaajika rakshanapai 1997loe 2.6 trillion vaan (gdplo 0.6 saatam) nundi 1999loe 9.1 trillion vaan (gdplo 2 saatam) kuu penchaaru. kimm padaveekaalamlo pravesapettina ledhaa vistarinchina atipedda vidhaanaalu
kaarmika samskaranalu.
kimm day-jung prabhutvam nirmaanaatmaka samskaranala yokka mukhya lakshyamgaa kaarmika market vasyatanu kooda penchindi.
dhesha aardhika samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki vyapara, kaarmika, prabhutvaala madhya kalisi panicheyadaaniki kimm corporate oppandaalanu kudurchukunnaru. pratipakshamlo kimm sudeergha charitra, athani kaarmika anukuula abhiprayalu mariyu athani mottam prajaadarana pondina, bayati aadharalu aardhika sthireekarananu edurkovadaniki tyaagaalu cheyadaaniki thana sameekarinchabadina mariyu teevravaada kaarmika-taragati otaru sthaavaraanni pondadaaniki veelu kalpinchaayi, adhe samayamlo tyaagaalu cheyamani vyapaaraalanu kooda korai.
kaarmika, vyapara mariyu prabhutvaala madhya vijayavantamaina traipaakshika sampradimpula charchala taruvaata, kaarmika pramaanaala chattanni 1998 fibravari 13naa jaateeya assembly savarinchindi. kotta oppandam prakaram, vyaparam daani nirvahanalo paaradarsakatanu nirdhaaristundani mariyu thana udyogulanu tolaginchetappudu vivekavantamaina charyalu teesukuntamani vaagdaanam chesindi. pratyaekamgaa, chattam upaadhi sardubaatuku chattaparamaina aadhaaraalanu andinchindi mariyu oka company thana kaarmikula prayojanaalanu sakramamgaa parigananaloki teesukunna tarwate tolagimpulanu anumatistundi. marovaipu, kaarmikulu, utpaadakatanu penche disagaa krushi chestaanani, vaetanaalu, pani gantala paramgaa vyaapaaramtho sahakaristaamani pratigna chestu, punarnirmaanam kosam soukaryavantamaina kaarmika tolagimpulanu amalu cheyadaaniki angeekarinchaaru. prabhutva vishayaanikosthe, vrutti sikshana mariyu tirigi udyoga kalpanapai samacharanni andinchadam dwara thana maddatu kaaryakramaalanu balopetam cheyadaaniki kattubadi undhi. taatkaalika udyogam, paart time upaadhi, inti nundi pani vanti kotta upaadhi empikalu abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi. aardhika sankshobham mariyu punarnirmaana prakriya nundi pedda ettuna tolagimpulanu edurkovataniki, nirudyoga beema kavarejeeni balopetam chesi, vistaristaamani kooda prabhutvam pratigna chesindi.
uttara korea vidhanam.
uttara koreatho ayana nischitaartham vidhananni suuryarashmi vidhanam anie pilustaaru. athanu uttara korealoni nirankusa prabhutvaaniki sambandhinchi detentnu praarambhinchaadu, idhi 2000loe uttara korea nayakudu kimm jong ill thoo pyongyanglo jarigina chaaritraatmaka sikharagra samavesamlo mugisindi. idhi antar-korea sambandhaalalo oka klishtamaina malupu. 2000 aktobaru 13naa, eee prayatnaalaku gaanu, alaage dakshina korealo prajaswamyam mariyu maanava hakkula kosam ayana chesina krushiki gaanu aayanaku nobel shanti bahumati labhinchindi. eee prayatnaala yokka pedda paryavasanamga 2000 september 15naa, korea ekikarana jendaanu () modatisaarigaa olympic praarambhotsava vedukalo olympic staediyamlooki teesukellaaru. ayithe, cash-pharr-summit kumbhakonam anie piluvabade uttara koreaku kaneesam konni vandala million dollarlu chellinchabaddaayi anae aaropanalato eee chaaritraka sanghatana gananeeyamgaa kalankitamaindi. sikharagra samavesaniki konni nelala mundu hyunday uttaraana $500 millionlanu badilee chesindi, idhi dakshina korea prabhutvam sikharagra samavesaniki chellinchindani vimarsalanu rekettinchindi. uttara korealoni vidyut soukaryaalu, communication linelu, paarisraamika park, sarihaddu rahadaarulu mariyu railway linelalo pratyeka vyapara hakkula kosam eee dabbu chellinchinatlu hyunday perkondi. eee vishayamlo, hyunday uttara koreaku rahasyamgaa dabbu badilee cheyadaaniki pranaalika roopondistuu videshee maaraka vaanijyam mariyu antar-korea sahakaara vyavaharalapai desheeya chattalanu ullanghinchinanduku park zee-vaan paie abhiyogaalu moparu. modati antar-corian sikharagra samavesanni erpaatu cheyadamlo park keelaka paatra pooshinchindi. 2006 maeloe ataniki moodu samvatsaraala jailu siksha vidhinchabadindi. park fibravari 2007loe vidudalai, december 2007loe kshaminchabadindi. sikharagra samavesaniki haajaru kaavadaaniki uttara koreanu oppinchadaaniki, dakshina korea unchina aneka mandhi "marpidi kaani deerghakaalika khaideelanu" vidudala chesi uttara koreaku tirigi pampaaru.
maajee adhyakshulatho sambandhaalu.
kimm adhyaksha padavini saadhinchi, blue houseloki vellina taruvaata, munupati adhyakshulatho athanu elaa vyavaharistaadanae daanipai anischiti mariyu gananeeyamaina oohagaanaalu unnaih ataniki chunn doo-hwan kinda maranasiksha vidhinchabadindi, roh tay-vuu chunn yokka rendava sthaanamlo unnadu mariyu kimm young-saam athani raajakeeya pratyarthi.
ayithe, 1997 december loe adhyakshudiga ennikaina ayana, jaateeya aikyata sphuurtitoe 1996 loe khaidu cheyabadina chunn mariyu roh lanu kshaminchaalani padavee viramana chesina adhyakshudu kimm young-saamku salaha icchaaru. roh mariyu chunn iddaroo fibravari 1998loe kimm praarambhootsavaaniki haajarayyevaaru. kimm padaveekaalam praarambhamlo chunn mariyu rohnu blue houseku aahvaninchaaru, vaariddaruu atanni champadaaniki prayatninchaaru mariyu raajakeeya prateekaaram teerchukokundaa undipoyaaru. tadanantaram, kimm salaha pondadaaniki maajee adhyakshulatho samavesalanu nirvahinchaadu, idhi apuurvamaina charya. videshee sandarsanala nundi tirigi vacchina taruvaata, phalitaalanu vivarinchadaaniki ayana vaarini blue houseku aahvaninchaaru. kimm maranasayyapai chivari rojullo, maajee adhyakshulu aayananu sandarsinchi, kimm bhaarya, maajee pradhama mahila lii hii-honu kalusukunnaru, kimm okasari maranasiksha vidhinchinappatikii, ayana patla kimm chuupina audaaryaanni vivarinchaaru. 2009 augustu 10naa ayana maranaaniki enimidi rojula mundu, kimnu ayana puurveekulu, pratyarthi kimm young-saam sandarsinchaaru.
raajakeeya parinaamaalu.
ayana kaaryaalayamloki pravesinchinappudu, gatamlo park chung hii niyantrutvamlo bhaagamaina kimm jong-pilnu, mariyu park pradhana mantrini, 1997 ennikalaku mundu adhikara-bhaagaswaamya oppandamlo thana abhyardhitvaanni aamodinchina jong-pill kuu badulugaa thana modati pradhana mantrigaa niyaminchaaru. kimm yokka kotta rajakeeyaala jaateeya congress, mariyu jong-pill yokka united liberal democrats (uld) oka sankiirnaanni erpaatu chesaayi, conny jaateeya assemblylo majority ledhu. badulugaa, lii hoy-chang yokka prastuta pratipaksha grand national party (gnp) majorityni kaligi undhi. 1998loe modati aaru nelallo, saasana maddatu lekapovadam mariyu pakshapaata raajee kaaranamgaa 100 pradhana samskaranala charyalu chaalaa varaku kaaryaroopam dalchalekapoyayi. 1998 septembarulone paalaka kootami pedda sankhyalo pratipaksha gnp saasanasabhyulanu firaayimpulaku pralobhapettadam dwara jaateeya assemblylo majorityni saadhinchindi. avineeti, prachara aardhika, pannu audit parisoedhanalanu praarambhinchadam dwara prabhutvam chetulettesina vyuuhaala taruvaata 25 mandhi varaku gnp pratinidhulu paarteeni vidichipetti paalaka kootamilo cheraaru.
adhyakshudu kimm yokka uttara korea vidhaanamtho asammati mariyu cabinet taraha prabhutvaanni pravesapettadaaniki jong-pill thoo thana oppandaanni samarthinchadamlo adhyakshudu viphalamaina taruvaata, uld mariyu kimm jong-pill taruvaata 2000 janavarilo pratipakshamlo chaeradaaniki sankiirnaanni vidichipettaru.
adhyakshudu kimm thana paarteeni praantiiya aakarshanhaku badulugaa jaateeya vistruta-aadhaarita partyga punarnirminchadaaniki, bahula sabhyula parliamentary niyojakavargaalanu pravesapettadaaniki prayatninchaadu. ayithe, japan maadirigaane samaantara oating vyavasthanu amalu cheyadaaniki kimm gnptho angeekarinchaadu, poura samuuhaala nirasanala madhya oppandam kuppakoolindi. aaa vidhamgaa prastuta vyavasthanu konasaaginchaaru.
1999loe, furgate kumbhakonam kimm day-jung mariyu athani party pratishtanu debbateesindi. alaage, prajaasvaamya samskartagaa ayana nepathyam unnappatikee, kimm raajakeeya pratyarthula patla, thana prabhutvaanni vimarsinche paatrikeyula patla kooda prateekaara charya teesukunnarani aaropanalu vachayi, prabhutva samsthalu pratipakshaalapai goodacharyam aaropanalato paatu raajakeeya prerepita parisoedhanala dwara pratipakshaalu ledhaa vilekharulapai balamaina vyuuhaalanu upayoginchinappudu idhi kanipinchindi. kimm paripaalanalo geola nundi ekkuva mandhi vyaktulu unnaaru, idhi vyatiraeka vivaksha aaropanalaku daariteesindi. ayana padaveekaalam madhyalo chaalaa mandhi pourulu kooda aardhika punaruddharana tamaku prayojanam chekuurchutundani bhaavinchaledu. chivaraku, kimm thana suuryarashmi vidhaanamtho uttara korea vaipu odaarche vyaktigaa unnaarani sampradaayavaadulu aaropinchaaru.
eee amsaalu, 2000 dakshina korea saasanasabha ennikala samayamlo jaateeya assemblylo grand national party kante party venukabadi unnanduna jaateeya congressku daariteesaayi, ippudu dheenini sahasraabdi prajaasvaamya partyga paeru marcharu, idhi edurudebbanu edurkondi. ennikalaku 3 rojula mundu antar-korea sikharagra samavesanni prakatinchaalane nirnayam, sikharagra samavesam aamodinchina abhipraya sekaranalo prativaadula yokka 79.6% gaa paalaka party nashtalanu kontavaraku parimitam chesindani chebutaaru. kanchelanu saricheyadaaniki mariyu gnpki vyatiraekamgaa paalaka majorityni konasaginche prayatnamlo kimm lii hohn-dang, uld adhyakshudini kotta pradhana mantrigaa niyaminchaaru.
taruvaata, 2001 septembarulo uld kuutamini vidichipettindi. uld sabhyulu uttara koreatho kimm prabhutva "suuryarashmi vidhanam" baadhyata vahinchina keelaka cabinet sabhyudu, ekikarana mantri lim dang-vaan kuu vyatiraekamgaa 148 nundi 119 otlatho aviswaasa otunu aamodinchadaaniki gncp pakshana unnaaru. adhyakshudu kimm samarthavantamgaa kunti baatugaa maaradu, mariyu athani sikharagra doutyaaniki krutagnatalu teluputuu athanu sekarinchina raajakeeya prabhavam akasmaattugaa mugisindi. paripalana ekakaalamlo anusarinchina aardhika samskarana pranaalikalu mariyu nischitaartha vidhanalu okatinnara samvatsaraala taruvaata ayana padaveekaalam mugise varaku mishrama phalitaalanu saadhinchaayi.
post presidency.
kimm 2003 fibravari 24naa thana padaveekaalam mugise samayaniki nishkraminchi, roh muu-hyun chetha vijayavantam ayyadu.
anhu aayudhanni pelchinanduku uttara koreanlu samyamanam paatinchaalani kimm pilupunicchaaru mariyu sankshobhaanni tagginchadaaniki pyongyang patla konasagutunna suuryarashmi vidhananni samarthinchaaru. 2008 april 17naa port land vishwavidhyaalayamlo gourava doctoratenu kooda andukunnaru, akkada ayana "savaalu, pratispandana mariyu devudu" anae prasangam chesaaru."
vyaadhi mariyu maranam.
kimm thana varasudu roh muu-hyun moodu nelala taruvaata, 85 samvatsaraala vayassulo seol looni yonsi vishwavidyaalayam yokka severance aasupatrilo, 18 augustu 2009naa 13:43 Kst vadda maraninchaadu. pneumoniatho badhapaduthunna aayananu modatisaarigaa juulai 13naa aasupatrilo chaerchaaru. multiple orgaon disfunction syndrome valla gundepotu maranaaniki kaaranam. 
2009 augustu 23naa jaateeya assembly bhavanam mundu ayana kosam oka mataantara prabhutva antyakriyalu jarigaayi, oka ooregimpu seol jaateeya smasaanavaatikaku daariteesindi, akkada maajee adhyakshulu singhman rii mariyu park chung hii sameepamlo catholic sampradaayaala prakaram aayananu khananam chesaaru. dakshina korea charitralo park chung hii tarvaata prabhutva antyakriyalaku guraina rendava vyakti ayana. uttara korea athani antyakriyalaku oka pratinidhi brundaanni pampindi.
vaarasatvam.
thana adhyaksha padaviloe, ayana dakshina korea samakaaleena sankshema rajyaanni pravesapettaadu, dhesha aardhika punaruddharananu vijayavantamgaa nadipinchaadu, pootii mariyu paaradarsaka aardhika vyavastha yokka kotta sakaanni teesukuvacchaadu mariyu 2002loe dakshina korea mariyu japan samyuktamgaa nirvahinchina fifa prapancha kapto sahaa prapancha vedikapai dakshina koreaku ekkuva paatranu poeshinchaadu. dakshina korea kooda oka samajamga marinta prajaswaamyamgaa maarindi, internetku vairdu cheyabadindi mariyu ghnaana-teevramaina moulika sadupayalapai aadhaarapadindi. kimm vaarasatvaanni parirakshinchadaaniki yonsi vishwavidhyaalayamlo adhyaksha grandhaalayaanni nirminchaaru, kimm day-jung convention center ayina gwangju nagaramlo athani paeru meeda oka convention center undhi.
october 2021loe jarigina gallup korea pole kimm, roh muu-hyun mariyu park chung heelanu saanukuula vaarasatvaanni vadili vellae vishayamlo dakshina korea charitralo atyanta adhika rating pondina adhyakshuluga choopinchindi. ayithe, roh mariyu paarkutho poliste, kimm anni vayasula vaarilo sampoorna majority saanukuula abhipraayaalanu aakarshinchindi, 40-49 vayassu paridhiloo pourulalo atyadhika maddatutoe.

