
toshio kuroda

 japanese vidyavetta, charitrakaarudu mariyu vishwavidyaalaya professor. madhyayuga japanese charitralo mariyu japanese aalochanaa charitralo nipunudaina ayana, aneka vinootna mariyu vivaadaaspada siddhaantaalatoe japanese charitra rachananu baga prabhaavitam chesaaru. athani aalochanalu aaa samayamlo pradhana sravanti vidyaavaettalu viswasinchinadaaniki viruddhamgaa undevi, eee kaaranamgaa athani paeru tarachugaa vivaadaalaku kendramgaa untundi. ayana rachanalanu "seminal", "epocal" mariyu "viplavaatmaka" anie pilustaaru. matam mariyu daani praamukhyata gurinchi kuroda chesina vislaeshanha marxist.
vrutti.
kuroda "shinto inn dhi history off japanese releasian" nuu prachurinchinanduku prasiddhi chendaadu, idhi shinto oka swatantra matamgaa aadhunika kaalamlo matrame roopudiddukundani, madhyayugamlo bouddhamatam yokka saakhagaa udbhavinchindani vaadinchindi. ayana thana siddhaantaalaku kooda prasiddhi chendaaru.
kuroda aalochanalu, rachanalu zaan breen, maark teaven vanti samakaaleena vidyaavettala rachanalanu prabhaavitam chesaayi. 1996 chivaralo, nanjan institute pharr religion und culture yokka japanese journal off releaseus studies yokka 23/3-4 sanchika puurtigaa "kuroda toshio yokka vaarasatvam" anae sheershikato aayanaku ankitam cheyabadindi.
shintolo kuroda sthaanam.
1981loe aanglamlo prachurinchabadina thana vyaasam "shinto inn dhi history off japanese religion" loe, shinto oka "pratyaekamaina, swatantramaina mariyu vyavastheekruta matam" gaa japanese jaateeyavaada siddhaantakartala meejee sakapu aavishkarana anie kuroda vaadinchaaru. oka bbc website prakaram, shinto gurinchi kuroda yokka panditula rachanalu mukhyamainaviga pariganinchabadataayih
mukhyamgaa, shinto oka pratyaekamaina matamgaa aadhunika kaalamlo matrame bouddhamatam yokka saakhagaa udbhavinchindani kuroda vaadinchaaru. hayeon kaalamlo "kaami" acharala rashtra laanchanapraayeekarana mariyu punyakshetraala rashtra ranking shinto oka swatantra matamgaa aavirbhavam kaaka, bouddha paramgaa sthaanika nammakalanu vivarinche prayatnamgaa elaa undayo ayana etthi chuupaaru. chaaritraka recordulo, udaaharanaku nihan shokilo, rendu paatralu chaalaa praarambhamloonae kanipistaayanedi nijamaithe, neti shinto appatike aaa samayamlo oka matamgaa unikilo undani dheeni ardham kaadu, endukante dheenini prajaadarana pondina nammakalaku saadhaarana padamgaa chadavavacchu. pratyamnaayamgaa, idhi tavoijaniki paeru kaavacchu anie ayana pratipaadinchaaru, endukante eee padaanni chainaalo samakalinamga aaa vidhamgaa upayoginchaaru. vaastavaaniki, kuroda prakaram, shinto yokka aneka shaashwata lakshanaalu, udaaharanaku addaalu mariyu kattula aaradhana ledhaa ise mandiram yokka nirmaanam (shinto yokka pavitramaina mariyu atyanta mukhyamaina pradaesam) tavoism yokka vilakshanhamainavi. anduvalla paatha grandhaalalo shinto anae padam pratyaekamgaa japanese anie suuchimchadu.
ayana prabhavam enthagaa undante, nedu japan nipunulu, japan madhya yugaalaku puurvapu sanghatanala gurinchi matladetappudu, shinto anae padaanni upayoginchakundaa undataaniki, itara padaalanu upayoginche balamaina dhoranini pondaaru.
kuroda yokka "kenmon taisi".
ayana siddhaantam maroka pradhana sahakaram. saampradaaya paandityamu madhyayuga charitranu sainika prabhutvaalu mariyu bouddhamatam yokka kotta roopaala (rinjai mariyu nichiren vanti kamakura bouddha paatasaalalu) aavirbhavam kaalam anie varninchindi. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, hayeon kaalam nundi kyoto rajasabha mariyu bouddhamatam yokka paatha paatasaalala adhikaranni konasaaginchadaanni kuroda nokki chepparu. prabhutvam yodhula kulaniki pratyeka hakku kaadani, chakravarthy madhyavartigaa vyavaharistuu, yodhulu, kuleenulu, adhikara matha kendraala anae moodu vibhagala (dhi) madhya adhikaranni panchukune erpaatu anie ayana paerkonnaaru.
"kemmitsu taisi" siddhaantam.
aaa samayamlo chaalaa mandhi panditula maadirigaa kakunda, japanese madhya yugaalalo (1185-1603) bouddhamatam yokka aadhipatya saakhalu kamakura kotta bouddhamatam anie pilavabadevi kaavu, avi zen, jodo mariyu nichiren paatasaalalu, conny hoso, kegon, tenday mariyu shingaon vanti paatavi, veetini athanu bouddhamatam anae saamuuhika paerutoe pilichadu, endukante eee samuuhamloo japanese bouddhamatam yokka bahya mariyu niguuda paatasaalalu rendoo unnaayi. eee vyavasthaku praatinidhyam vahinchina kofuku-zee, taday-zee, enriaku-zee mariyu tooe-zee vanti saktivantamaina devalayalu, veeti pani paalaka unnatavargaala kosam acharalu nirvahinchadam. japanese "kaami" kevalam bharatiya bouddha devatala sthaanika aavirbhavaalu anie perkonna appati prabalamaina "honji suizaku" vedaanta siddhaantam, "kemmitsu" paatasaalalanu "kaami" aaraadhanalanu bouddhamatamlo chaerchadaaniki anumatinchindi, vaariki ankitam cheyabadina punhyaksheetraalanu "kemmon taisi" raajakeeya mariyu aardhika vyavasthalo cherchavacchu.
enchukunna rachanalu.
toshio kuroda mariyu daani gurinchi raasina rachanala nundi pondina ganaanka avalokanamlo, oelsi/varald catt 2 bhaashalalo 70 + prachuranalalo sumaru 30 + rachanalanu mariyu 500 + library holdingsnu kaligi undhi.

