
vyaadhigrastula poraatam

morwal yuddham, septembaru 1916, german 1 va sainyam nirvahinchina morwal, guede court mariyu lesboffs gramalapai british nalgava sainyam soam yuddham samayamlo chesina daadi, ivi flers-courselet yuddham (septembaru 1916) yokka tudi lakshyalu. pradhana british daadi morvalku dakshinaana unna combles graamampai french aarava sainyam daadulatoe kalipi vaida veyabadindi.
peron-bapoum road (enn 17) sameepamlo moislines mariyu leey transloyla madhya german rakshanaku daggaragaa eee daadi jarigindi. somme nadhi nundi uttaraana albert-bapoum rahadaaripai martinpuich varaku jarigina samyukta daadi, septembaru 26naa reserve sainyam daadi cheyadaaniki mundu, german rakshakulanu marinta paschimaana teepwal sameepamlo balagalanu kolpovadaniki kooda uddesinchabadindi. septemberlo tarachugaa karyakalapalanu prabhaavitam chesina varsham kaaranamgaa vaida podiginchabadindi.
combles, morwal, lesboffs mariyu guede court swaadheenam chesukobaddayi mariyu germanlaku aneka praananashtam jarigindi. seyili mariyu seyili-sailisel vaipu uttaraana french daadiki seyint pierry wast kalapa addanki kaaranamgaa french sainyam antar-sainika sarihaddu sameepamlo nemmadigaa purogati saadhinchindi. french vaari dalaalanu moharinchadaaniki marinta sthalaanni anumatinchadaaniki sainyam madhya sarihaddu uttaraana nundi taralinchabadindi, ayithe german phirangi kaalpula pedda parimaanam french purogatini parimitam chesindi. septembaru 25naa naalugo sainyam munduku saagadam juulai 14 nundi atyanta lotainadi, mariyu germanlanu teevramaina ibbandullo padesindi, mukhyamgaa yuddhaala eshaanyamlo abhivruddhi chendina oka pradhaanamaina paristhitiloo.
alasata, nilvalu lekapovadam nalgava sainyam petrolling, aswikadalam tanikheelaku minchi thana vijayanni sadviniyogam chesukovadanni nirodhinchaayi. reserve armi daadi september 26naa, teepwal ridge yuddhamlo praarambhamaindi. ksheenistunna vaataavaranam mariyu takkuva rojulu british mariyu french ravana ibbandulanu baga penchaayi; varsham mariyu pogamanchu vimanalanu neelamattam chesaayi mariyu phirangi pariseelanaku aatamkam kaliginchaayi. burada shellu mariyu nischala padaatidalam yokka paeludu prabhavanni tagginchindi, idhi rakshakulaku prayojanakaramgaa undhi. taruvaati praarambhamlo nilipiveyabadina taruvaata, madhyahnam taruvaata yuddhamlo koddi sankhyalo tankulu cheraayi, idhi munupati daadulanu tattukunna aneka german balamaina paayintlanu tagginchindi.
nepathyam.
vyuuhaatmaka parinaamaalu.
augustu praarambhamlo, brusilov daadi german mariyu austro-hangerian nilvalanu grahinchadam konasaagistundani mariyu germanlu verdun vadda tama daadini vidichipettaarani asajanakamga, surr douglus hage landanlooni yuddha kamiteeki, fraanslooni german sainyalapai veelainanta ekkuva kaalam avisraanta ottidini konasaaginchaalani vaadinchaaru. tankula utpatti alasyam adhigaminchabadindani, septemberlo upayoginchadaaniki taginanta siddhamgaa untundani hage aasinchaaru. takkuva sankhyalo tankulu andubaatulo unnappatikee, 1916 septembaru natiki sibbandi sikshanaku parimita samayam unnappatikee, fraanslooni paschima frontlo, austra-hangeriyanlaku vyatiraekamgaa italii mariyu russialo brusilov dwara nirvahinchabadutunna saadhaarana mitraraajyaala daadi yokka praamukhyatanu drushtilo unchukuni, haig vaatini flers-courselet yuddhamlo kattubadi unnadu, idhi niravadhikamgaa konasagalekapoyindi. soam front yokka german rakshana balaheenapadutondani, september madhya natiki puurtigaa kuulipoevachchani hage nammadu.
mundumaata.
aangla-french sannahalu.
septembaru 12,15 daadula taruvaata, foach mariyu hage chinna karyakalapalanu praarambhinchadam dwara germanlanu samatulyata nundi dhooramgaa unchaaru. british 6va vibhagam september 18naa kaamblaku uttaraana unna chaturbhujaanni swaadheenam chesukundi. french aarava mariyu nalgava sainyam pedda daadulanu tirigi praarambhinchadaaniki siddhamavutundagaa, somku dakshinaana unna french padava sainyam berney, vermandovillers, denicourtlanu swaadheenam chesukuni aneka vaela mandhi khaideelanu teesukundi. september 19 mariyu 20 raatrulalo, 56va (1/1 va london) division yokka paarteelu goddu maamsam kandakam nundi madhya cops varaku kambilsku paschima mariyu eshaanyamlo oka rekhanu ekikrutam chesaayi. kotta kandakaanni eshaanyamlo gincy-morwal rahadari koodali sameepamlo oka tram lineku tavvaaru, idhi madhya kopsnu marinta uttaraana chaturbhujamto kaluputundi, idhi boliaux kalapanu edurkone podavaina geetanu srushtistundi. eee vibhagam bolex kalapanu kappadaniki mariyu daggari bhaagamlo khareedaina poraataanni nivaarinchadaaniki duvvenala nundi kalapa mariyu bolex kalapanu kattirinchadaaniki siddhamgaa undhi.
french aarava sainyam thoorpu mariyu eshaanya disagaa malladam valla aanglo-french daadiki jagrattagaa pranaalika veyadam avasaram. british vaaritho sannihitamgaa undataaniki uttara disagaa poraataalu jarigaayi, dakshina odduna unna padava sainyam nundi avasaramaina balagalu teesukobaddaayi. verdun nundi marinni firangulu mariyu vimanalu teesukuvacchaaru mariyu VII corps upasamanam pondindi; v, vi mariyu XXXII corps I mariyu XXXIII corps madhya lineloki pravesinchaayi (idhi september 12 purogati nundi ekkuva kaalam maarindi), aarava sainyanni aidu corpsku penchindi. saadhaarana daadini tirigi praarambhinchadaaniki september 21naa pranaalika veyabadindi, kaani vaataavaranam sarigaa lenanduna september 25 varaku alasyam cheyavalasi vachindi. praathamika bambu daadi september 24naa praarambhamaindi, conny udayam dattamaina saradrutuvu pogamanchu mariyu rojanta masakabaarina paristhitulu, batwada cheyagala counter-battery kaalpula mottaanni tagginchaayi. septembaru 25 chivaralo, seyint quentinku uttaraana unna german dalaala agnimaapaka shakti aarava sainyanni pattukunna taruvaata, foach antar-sainyam sarihaddu yokka uttara disagaa kadalikanu erpaatu chesaaru, tadwara ii mariyu XXXIi corps dakshinam nundi seyili-sailisel paie daadi cheyagalavu, vii corps kudi parshwa rakshakuraliga untundi. septembaru 26naa british naalugo armi pradhana karyalayamlo jarigina oka samavesamlo, eshaanyamlo lesboffs nundi roquigney vaipu antara-armi sarihaddunu taralinchadaaniki erpaatu chesaaru.
aangla-french pranaalikalu.
british naalugo sainyamtho sarihaddu vadda, soam bendku thoorpuna unna mont seyint quentin nundi french daadini tirigi praarambhinchaalani foach uddesinchaadu. aarava sainyam munduku sagalsi undhi, moislines nundi lae transloy varaku nadiche german rekhaku daggaragaa undhi. dakshinaana, vi mariyu XXXIII corps thoorpu mariyu aagneya disagaa munduku saagutaayi, uttaraana peronnenu bhayapette tortle pravaham venta rakshanaatmaka paarsvaanni erpaatu chestaayi. vii mariyu vii corps bois seyint pierry wast (seyint pierry wast wood) mariyu dakshina saillisel yokka dakshina bhaganni swaadheenam chesukuntaayi, ayithe ii corps mariyu XXXIi corps thoorpu vaipuku munduku saagi rancourt, migilina saillisel mariyu kalapa, fragicourt mariyu seyili-seyilliselnu swaadheenam chesukuntaayi. german rakshana koolipothe, aswikadalam munduku saagadaaniki siddhamgaa unte, peron-bapoum rahadaariki thoorpuna unna suduura lakshyalanu empika chesaaru.
flers-courselet yuddha samayamlo daadula kosam nirnayinchina tudi lakshyaaniki munduku saagadam british pranaalika. teesukovalasina bhoomi bagentin parvata shreniki thoorpu vaipuna undhi, idhi somme nundi vaayuvya disalo eesaanyam vaipu unna bolu mukhamgaa undhi, paschima chivara combles unnaayi, bolu peronne-bapoum rahadaariki minchi roquigney vaipu nadustundi. bolu parvata shreniki uttaraana morwal, lesbuffs mariyu guede court gundaa, taruvaata lae saarsku paschimaana albert-bapoum rahadari dwara teepwal varaku konasaagindi. seyint pierry wast kalapa nundi seyili-sailisel, lae transloy, ballen court mariyu thilloy varaku bhoomi mallee peragadaaniki mundu, spurse thoorpu vaalulo, saadhaaranamgaa peron-bapoum rahadari disalo eshaanya disalo nadichindi.
british daadi yokka pradhana bhaagamlo dasalavaareegaa purogati saadhinchaalsi undhi. modati adugu september 15naa nirdesinchina lakshyam rekhallo muudavadaaniki mariyu guedecourtuku dakshinaana unna nadumu kandakaalaku () munduku saagadam, rendava lakshyam nundi praarambhinchi, munchina rahadari venta combles nundi guede court varaku, morwal mariyu lesbuffsku paschimaana, taruvaata guedecourtuku aagneyamgaa unna oka spurr meedugaa mariyu graamam madhyalo, tudi lakshyam nundi praarambhinchi, morwal, lesbuffs mariyu guedecourtlaku thoorpu vaipuna, cherukovalasina lakshyaalato praarambhinchavalasina purogati. 
septembaru 19naa jarigina oka samavesamlo cheruvula vadakam gurinchi charchinchaaru, akkada vaatini sunna ganta chivari varaku daachadamlo unna ibbandi, vaatini reservelo unchadaaniki daariteesindi, tudi lakshyamtho gramalapai daadiki sahaayapadataaniki siddhamgaa undataaniki daariteesindi. guedecourtuku velle maargamlo unna bahiranga maidaanam kooda tankulaku chaalaa pramaadakaramainadigaa pariganinchabadindi. 1va bharatiya aswikadalam vibhaagaaniki chendina rendu brigedlu mametzku munduku sagalsi undhi, lesbuffs mariyu guede kortnu swaadheenam chesukunna tarvaata III corps praantamloo thilloy mariyu ligney thilloy meeda munduku saagadaaniki anni vibhagalu siddhamgaa undaali, idhi sthaanika avakaasaalanu sadviniyogam chesukovadaniki XIV mariyu XV carpsto chinna aswikadalam dalaalanu kooda jodinchadaaniki mundu cheyabadithe.
british vaaru madhyahnam daadulaku french praadhaanyataku anugunamgaa unnaaru, antey daadi chese padaatidalam mundu varusalo ekkuvasepu vechi undakunda undataaniki, german prati-bambu daadulaku gurayye avakaasam undela, tellavaarujaamuna daadulaku praadhaanyata ichinappatikii, pagatipuuta tudi bambu daadi jarigindi. XIV corps commander majer-general dhi earl off cavan, sahayaka padaatidalaanni sulabhamgaa moharinchadaaniki vaariki irukaina sarihaddulanu andinchadaaniki, corps yokka naalugu vibhaagaalanu varusalo unchaadu. 56va (1/1 va london) vibhagam boliaux kalapanu musugu chesi, eshaanyamlo kandakaalu cherukodaniki, kalapa yokka uttara chivara chuttoo tirige tramlinelanu kattirinchadam. eee vibhagam edama vaipuna unna 5va vibhaagamto sambandham kaligi undalsi undagaa, chekkapai mariyu north-eastern kaambla nishkramanalapai kandakapu mortar mariyu meshin-gunn kaalpulu germanlanu kappulo unchaayi. 5va division yokka kudi parshwa brigade rendava lakshyam nundi naalugu viraamaalato, 56va (1/1va london) divisionku cherukovadamto, marwal vaipu munduku saagadam. uttaraana 6va vibhagam appatike september 15 daadi yokka moodava lakshyanni cherukundi. paarsvaalapai german rakshana firangulaku chaalaa daggaragaa undedi mariyu sunna ganta paatu stokes mortar bambu daadi mariyu meshin-gunn byaarejeeni bharti chesaaru.
guards vibhagam (majer-general geophrey feeling) "kathinamaina" german pratighatananu oohinchindi. intintikee poraatam, disanu, vegaanni konasaaginchadaaniki sannahalu avasaramani feeling nokki chepparu. green line (modati lakshyam) lesbuffsku paschimaana undhi, braun line lesbuffsku dakshinaana koodali nundi, graamam yokka paschima anchu vembadi undhi mariyu blue line (moodava lakshyam) lesbuffs-lae transloy road nundi graamaaniki thoorpuna undhi, lesbuffs-gude court road vembadi uttaram vaipu undhi. padaatidala daadi praarambhamaina tarvaata trones kalapa nundi taralinchadaaniki siddhamgaa unna moodu tankulu divisional rijarvku jodinchabaddaayi. prati brigedku moodu feeled artillery brigedlatho kuudina rendu samuhaluga firangulanu vibhajinchaaru mariyu bambu daadi september 24naa prarambham kavalsi undhi. daadi samayamlo, phirangidalamlo sagam nilabadi unna byaarejlanu kalchadam mariyu migilina sagam green line daati nimishaaniki kadulutuu, oka creeping byaarejeeni kalchadam, akkada adhi nilabadi unna barragega maarutundi. rendava mariyu moodava lakshyalaku vaalu addamkulu vadda praarambhamavutaayi mariyu 
german sannahalu.
augustu 28naa, general staff cheef general eric vaan falkenhein, rendu sainika samuuhaalanu sthaapinchadam dwara paschima frontlo german command nirmaanaanni saralikrutam chesaaru. lillie nundi soam yuddhabhoomiki dakshinaana sarihaddu varaku 6va, 1va mariyu 2va sainyalanu niyantrinchindi. idhi raddu cheyabadindi mariyu general maaks vaan galvitz 2va sainyam yokka aadesaaniki tirigi vacchaadu. general staff cheef, feeled marshal paal vaan hindenberg mariyu general eric ludendorff yokka kotta supreme command aadesinchina verdun vadda german daadulanu nilipiveyadam, vaaru falkenheinnu adhigaminchinappudu mariyu soam front yokka balopetam, septemberlo sompai tupaakulu mariyu vimanalalo german heenatvaanni tagginchindi. kshetra phirangi byaatariilu vaati barrage mundu bhaganni 1 nundi 2 varaku tagginchagaligaayi. verdun front nundi pampina vimanamtho prati divisionku oka air artillery flaitnu upayoginchadam dwara khachitatvam meruguparachabadindi. 2va sainyam yokka cheef off staff, taruvaata 1eti sainyam, kalnal fritz vaan losberg kooda yuddhabhumi venuka (sahayaka vibhagalu) erpaatu cheyagaligaaru, mundu vibhaagaalanu bharti cheyadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaaru. german prati-daadulu peddavigaa mariyu marinta tarachugaa marai, aanglo-french purogatini nemmadigaa mariyu marinta khareedainavigaa chesindi. septembaru madhyalo aanglo-french daadula taruvaata front-line divisionla "toku upasamanam" saadhyamaindi.
germanlu vaari asalu rakshana nundi tarimikottabadinanduna, losberg nirantara kandakaala rekhalu kakunda lothu, chedaragottadam mariyu mabhyapettadam suutraala aadhaaramgaa kotta sthaanaalanu tavvaaru. mundu varusa venuka nundi mariyu pakka nundi kaalpulu jaripe meshin ganla firepowerpy aadhaarapadina mundu varusa yokka kathinamaina rakshana konasaagindi, conny veelainanta takkuva mandhi sainikulatoe. german phirangidalam aanglo-french daadulaku mundu daani counter-battery kaalpulu mariyu praanta bambu daadulanu tagginchindi mariyu beloonlu mariyu vimaanaala nundi gamaninchina vidhvamsaka kaalpula kosam verdun nundi balagalanu upayoginchindi. mundari varusa venuka unna praantaanni maddatu mariyu reserve unitlu riverse vaalulalo, alala loe mariyu kanugonagalige yea coverlonaina chedaragottabadi rakshinchaayi, tadwara vaaru aascharyakaramgaa, kanipinchani sthaanaala nundi meshin-gunn kaalpulanu praarambhinchi, aapai vaegamgaa edurudaadini cheyagaligaaru, aanglo-french padaatidalam swaadheenam chesukunna bhoomini ekikrutam cheyadaaniki mundu. mundu varusalo dalaalanu unchadaaniki badulu, sthaanika, corps mariyu armi rijarvulanu varusalo unchaaru, kramamga balamaina prati-daadulu cheyagaligaaru. soam yuddham yokka atipedda german prati-daadulu soam uttara nundi seyint pierry wast kalapa varaku jarigaayi, conny ivi french phirangi kaalpula dwara "naasanam" cheyabaddaayi.
kandakaalu inca tavvabaddaayi, conny ikapai pooraadataaniki uddesinchabadaledu, nissabda samayaallo aasrayam kosam, balagalu mariyu samagri kadalika kosam, ryali paayintlu mariyu dkayluga upayoginchabaddaayi. daadiki mundu, aanglo-french phirangi kaalpulu mariyu meshin-gunn kaalpulatoe padaatidalampai aascharyakaramgaa daadi cheyakunda undataaniki, dalam shell-hollaloki munduku saagadaaniki prayatninchindi. frenchku edurugaa, germanlu seyint pierry wast kalapa yokka paschima chivaralo alline vadda tortle pravaham madhya riverse vaalupai kotta rakshanalanu tavvaaru, akkada nundi morwal varaku, seyili sailisel nundi morwal mariyu bapoum varaku, peronne-bapoum rahadari venta tavvina kotta nalgava sthaanaaniki anusandhaaninchabadi undhi. french agentlu kooda thoorpuna kotta nirmaanaanni nivedinchaaru. ludendorff iteevala depola vadda dalaalanu velikiteesi, prastuta vibhagala nundi regimentlanu tolaginchadam dwara padihenu "kotta" vibhaagaalanu srushtinchaadu, dheeni nundi 212va, 213va mariyu 214va vibhaagaalanu teesukuvacchaaru, french padava mariyu aarava sainyalaku edurugaa ksheeninchina vibhagala sthaanamlo.
poraatam.
french aarava sainyam.
25-26 september.
september 25naa aarava sainyam edu vibhaagaalato daadi chesindi. XXXIII corps somku iruvaipula daadi chesi, fuillou court vaipu chaalaa nemmadigaa purogati saadhinchindi; marinta uttara vii corpsnu bouchavesnesku aagneyamgaa nilipivesaaru mariyu vii corpsnu graamaaniki dhooramgaa nilipivesaaru. mont seyint quentinpy german phirangidalam aarava sainika frontloni dakshina bhaganni mariyu narakapu kandakam vadda tudichipetti, riverse-vaalu meeda tavvaaru, german vimanalu pattukuni, shell-holeslo daachina meshin-ganla nundi kaalpulu jaripi, french purogatini aapindi. 10va vibhagam september 26 mariyu 27 teedeelaloo seyint pierry wast kalapa anchuku daggaragaa khareedaina purogatini nirvahinchindi. XXXIi corps yokka 42va vibhagam rankortnu swaadheenam chesukundi, taruvaata september 26 ardharaatri taruvaata kontakaalam tarvaata seyint pierry wast kalapa yokka paschima chivarana cherukovadaniki mundu frejikortnu aakraminchindi, akkada kalapa anchulo daachina german sthaanaala nundi saamuuhika meshin-gunn kaalpula dwara daani purogatini nilipivesaaru.
2va vibhagam mariyu british 56va vibhagam (1/1va london) samyukta daadi, german dalam anthaa tappinchukune mundu, ii corps rojulo ekkuva bhaagam german meshin-gunn kaalpula dwara pattukunna taruvaata, graamam yokka aagneyamlo. french gastee ratriputa gharshanalaku digindi mariyu september 26 tellavaarujaamuna, pattanaaniki aagneya praantaanni aakraminchi swaadheenam chesukunnaru. thoorpuna tirogamananiki vacchina german dalaalu meshin-gunn kaalpula dwara hye kalapa disalo "oodinchabaddaayi". rendu million roundla mandugundu samagri, shellu mariyu aneka chethi-grenadelatho sahaa chaalaa german parikaraalu swaadheenam chesukobaddayi. ii corps appudu fragicourt-lae transloy rahadaariki thoorpuna kontha dhooram munduku saagindi. hay kalapa mariyu seyint pierry wast kalapa madhya german rakshana vaipu daadini punaruddharinchadam, edama vaipuna unna mutton kandakampai british vaaru daadi chese varaku alasyam cheyabadindi. french daadi paarsvaalalo munduku saagagaligindi, conny madhyalo nilipiveyabadindi.
naalugo sainyam.
september 25.
XIV corps french aarava sainyam pakkana unna 56va (1/1 va london) division thoo, french 2va division sahakaaramtho, 168va brigedku chendina rendu betalianlatho kudi vaipuna daadi chesindi, ayithe kudi vaipuna unna migilina rendu betalianlalo germanlu boliaux kalapa mariyu paaschaatya rakshana poraataalu kaligi unnaaru. tramlinela kattalo pratighatana unnappatikee, brigade twaragaa kalapaku uttaraana munduku saagi, aapai combles vaipu gasteeni pampindi. german sainikula chinna samuuhaalu graamam nundi thoorpu vaipu kadulutunnayani phirangi pariseelakulu nivedinchaaru. ardharaatri natiki moodu brigedlu munduku sagai mariyu british mariyu french dalaalu samavesamayyayi; tellavaarujaamuna oka gastee pattanaaniki thoorpuna french sainikulanu kalusukunnaru, 56va (1/1 va london) division line kambilsku thoorpuna ekikrutam cheyabadindi, germanlu mutton trunchlo daati unnaaru. tankula maddatu thoo tadupari daadi pranaalika cheyabadindi, taruvaata tankulanu kanipinchakapoyinappudu raddu cheyabadindi.
56va (1/1va london) divisionku uttaraana, 5va divisionku chendina 95va brigade tram lineku uttaraana unna katta nundi enfilade meshin-gunn kaalpulu mariyu uttaraana nundi bambu daadi chese varaku gincy-morwal rahadaaripai oka balamaina binduvu kaaranamgaa alasyam ayindi. edama vaipuna 15va brigade loyaloki daggaragaa vachhe sarassuni anusarinchindi, aneka mandhi germanlanu bandhinchi, atanni adhigaminchindi. 95va brigade suduura vaalupaiki thana purogatini tirigi praarambhinchindi mariyu 15va brigade graamaaniki paschimaana uttaraana kandakaanni adhigaminchi, inca chaalaa mandhi khaideelanu teesukoni, morwal nundi dakshinaana nadustunna german kandakaanni vegavantam chesindi. punarvyavastheekaranaku maroe viramam taruvaata, gramanni 15va brigade aakraminchindi. windmill nundi dakshinaana 56va (1 va london) division praantam varaku tudi lakshyam raatri padatam dwara ekikrutam cheyabadindi. aneka balaheenamaina german prati-daadulu oodinchabaddaayi mariyu 95va brigade fragicourt vadda french vaipu dakshina disagaa panicheyadam praarambhinchindi.
6va vibhagam morvalku uttaraana nundi, lesboffs madhyalo, 5va vibhaagaaniki edama vaipuna unna rahadari varaku daadi chesindi. modati lakshyanni kudi vaipuna 16va brigade yokka betalian mariyu edama vaipuna 18va brigade yokka rendu betalianlu saadhinchaayi. morwal-lesbuffs rahadaariki thoorpuna unna tudi lakshyanni rendu betalianlu kudi vaipuna mariyu edama vaipuna dhooki, lesbuffs yokka dakshina chivaranu clear cheyadaaniki swaadheenam chesukunnayi, ikkada uttara chivara aakraminchinappudu guards division kalustundi. manchi vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa eee daadi prayojanam pondindi, idhi manchi praathamika bambu daadi mariyu khachitamaina creeping byaarejeeki daariteesindi. 5va mariyu 6va vibhagalu morwal yokka thoorpu mariyu eshaanya praantaalalo ekikrutam cheyabaddaayi. prakkane unna brigedlu morvalku thoorpuna maroka vaipu munduku sagai mariyu morwal millu nundi uttaraana lesboffs varaku oka linelo postlanu kooda unchaayi.
gaardula vibhagam varusalo unna rendu brigedlatho daadi chesindi, avi alala roopamlo munduku sagai. padaatidalam munduku saagina oka nimishamlone guards division frontlo german counter-barrage praarambhamaindi, conny bambu daadini nivaarinchadaaniki pradhana taramgaalu vaegamgaa kadilaayi. 1va guards brigade yokka agrashreni betalianlu adhikarulu kattirinchani theega tappa, takkuva vyatiraekatanu kanugonnayi, ayithe purushulu kudi vaipuna munigipoyina rahadari venta tavvina nundi mantalu mariyu kaalpulanu kapparu. modati lakshyam vaegamgaa cherukoni, tadupari lakshyaaniki munduku saagadaaniki padhi nimishalu pattindi, "swalpa" vyatiraekataku vyatiraekamgaa mariyu chivari lakshyaaniki munduku saagadaaniki takkuva pratighatanaku vyatiraekamgaa nirvahinchabadindi, lesbofsku thoorpu vaipuna kudi chethi brigade travvakam dwara 
edama paarsvamlo, 3va guards brigade kudi vaipuna modati lakshyanni cherukundi, conny modati lakshyanni cherukovadaniki mundu, phirangi bambu daadi valla tappipoyina kandakamlo germanlu edama vaipuna alasyam chesaaru. 21va division yokka porugu brigade kattirinchani theegatho pattukoobadindi, kabatti oka rakshanaatmaka paarsvam erpadindi; migilina brigade nokki, rendava lakshyaaniki cherukundi mariyu lesbuffsku uttaraana 6va division thoo sparsalo tudi lakshyam pondindi; marinta dakshinaana german rakshakulalo kanipinchina gandaragolam, sthaanika commanderlu goodecourtuku dakshinaana jarugutunna "rout" nuu dopidi cheyadaaniki aswikadalam kosam pilavadaaniki daariteesindi, endukante british firangulu germanla tirogamana paarteelapai aneka praananastaanni kaliginchaayi.
XIV corps uttaraana, 21va vibhagam XV corps yokka kudi paarshwampai daadi chesindi. kudivaipuna unna 64va brigedku chendina rendu betalianlu, 3va guards brigedto kalisi, kudi vaipuna munduku saagina kontamandi dalaalu minaha, nadumu kandakam () vadda kattirinchani theegatho pattukunnaru. rendava lakshyampai daadi cheyadaaniki oka reserve betalian munduku saagindi, conny german phirangi kaalpula kaaranamgaa british front trench kante ekkuva raaledu. 21va divisionku edama vaipuna unna 110va brigade meka kandakaanni swaadheenam chesukuni, aapai kudi vaipuna nundi meshin gunn kaalpulu jaripi, pramukha betalianlu nadumu kandakaaniki cherukune mundu vaatini pattukundi. chivariki oka rakshanaatmaka paarsvam erpadindi, idhi ginchii-gude court rahadari bhaagamlo dakshinaaniki edurugaa undhi mariyu koddi sankhyalo dalaalu gaard kandakamloki pravesinchi 55va (paschima lancashire) vibhaganni taakaayi, idhi 165va brigedto daadi chesi madhyahnam praarambhamlo gaard kandakaanni teesukundi, taruvaata kudi vaipuna 21va vibhaagamto mariyu edama vaipuna newzealand vibhaagamto anusandhaaninche gaard kandakam mariyu gude court madhya munigipoyina rahadaaripai pattu saadhinchindi.
1va newzealand brigade goose alliki iruvaipula rakshanaatmaka paarsvaanni erpaatu chesindi, idhi flers kandakam nundi nadumu kandakaala varaku, vaayuvya disalo eucourt ell 'abbay vaipuga undedi. pramukha taramgaalu creeping byaarejeeki chaalaa daggaragaa undi, german phirangi kaalpulu mariyu german padaatidalam nundi asadhaaranamgaa balaheenamaina pratighatanaku vyatiraekamgaa vaegamgaa munduku sagai; oka betalian pradhana karyalayam swaadheenam cheyabadindi mariyu goose alle nundi gurd trench varaku rakshanaatmaka paarsvam erpadindi. uttaraana flers maddatu kandakamlo 1 va division (III corps) thoo sparsha pondindi, taruvaata 55 va (paschima lankshire) division dakshinaana factory muulaku minchi kalusukunnaru. 3va corps loe 1va division flers trunchnu swaadheenam chesukundi mariyu 50va (northumbrian) division yokka attacking brigade, munupati raatri nirminchina noo mans land daati postulalo undipoyindi. paschimaana 23va divisionku chendina 68va brigade rendu tankulanu jatachesi 26va avenupy daadi chesindi. oka tank sikharaanni daati, entha german phirangi kaalpulanu aakarshinchindante, brigade munduku saagadam aagipoyindi. martinpuich milluku paschimam nundi munduku bambu daadi chese prayatnam kooda viphalamaindi.
september 26.
XIV corps loe 56va (1/1va london) division combles vaipu daryaaptu chesi, tellavaarujaamuna lopaliki cherukoga, itara dalaalu boliaux kalapaloki munduku sagai, morvalku dakshinaana 5va divisionku anusandhaaninchabadina 167va brigade vadda raaketlu kalchadam chuusi, dalaalu munduku saginappudu telikapati railway sameepamlo french gasteeni kalusukunnayi mariyu kambalsku thoorpuna unna kotta line ekikrutam chesi, kudivaipuna unna frenchto kaluputaayi. 168va brigade chae mattan kandakampai daadi nilipiveyabadindi, maddatugaa panicheyadam valla aidu tankulu tolaginchabaddaayi. 21va divisionku chendina oka taja betalian mariyu oka tank yaatrikula maargamlo munduku saginappudu xv corps gurd trench () mariyu guedecourtunu swaadheenam chesukundi mariyu guards divisionku gurd trunchpy bambu daadi chesindi. padaatidalam mariyu aswikadalam gasteelu uttaraana unna ettaina maidaanamloki pravesinchaayi. udayam german phirangi kaalpulu punaruddharinchabaddayi, veelainanta twaragaa gaardula vibhaganni ekikrutam cheyavalasi vachindi. oka aswikadalam squadron guede court sameepamlo munduku saagadaaniki prayatninchindi, conny munduku saagadaaniki mundu bhaagam chaalaa irukainadigaa kanipinchindi.
lesbuffsku minchina padaatidala probes, leey transloyku paschimaana unna ettaina maidaanamlo german meshin-gunn postula shreniki vyatiraekamgaa peddagaa purogati saadhinchaledu. marinta aswikadalam mametz nundi munduku vacchi, nairuti nundi gudekortuloki pravesinchadaaniki kaalpula kinda digindi. 110va brigade (37va division nundi jatacheyabadinadi) nemmadigaa munduku saagi madhyahnam aalasyamgaa graamaaniki cherukundi. 64va brigade (21va division) rendu betalianlatho munduku saagindi, idhi guede court-lae transloy rahadaariki koddi dhooramlo undhi, ikkada 62va brigade nundi oka betalian rahadaariki velli lesbuffs rahadaaritho koodali vadda guards divisionku anusandhaaninchabadindi. III corps yokka 1va mariyu 50va vibhagalu oka kotta german kandakampai raatri daadi chesaayi, 1va vibhagam meshin-gunn kaalpulatoe nilipiveyabadindi mariyu 50va (northumbrian) vibhagam paschima bhaganni swaadheenam chesukundi, taruvaata ardhachandrakara veedhini bambu daadi chesindi.
september 27.
xv corps 55va (paschima lancashire) divisionpy daadi chesindi, idhi newzealand division yokka 1va padaatidala brigadelo 164va brigade yokka betaliantho nadumu kandakam mariyu goose alleeni 55va (paschima lancashire) divisiontho anusandhaaninchabadina ligney rooddulooni nadumu maddatu kandakamlo, aapai marinta munduku venuka vaalu meeda tavvina taruvaata, nadumu maddatu kandakam dadapuga tudichipettukupoyindi. madhyalo unna newzealand betalian edama vaipuna tappa munduku saagindi, akkada daanini kattirinchani theega pattukundi mariyu factory muula nundi eucourt ell 'abbay varaku rahadaariki velupala meshin-gunn kaalpulaku edama betalian moodu companylanu kolpoyindi. nalgava company goose allie varaku postulanu erpaatu chesindi, ayithe germanlu allie mariyu gurd trench () yokka kuudalini pattukogaligaaru. III corps loe 1 va vibhagam migilina flers switch kandakaanni swaadheenam chesukundi mariyu aaa raatri 47 va (1 va london) vibhagam dwara upasamanam pondindi. 50va (uttarambrian) vibhagam gastee chesi flers trench () nundi postulanu erpaatu chesindi. uttara paarsvamlo 23va vibhagam, spens kandakam sameepamlo 26va avenuelo bhaagamgaa undi, albert-bapoum rahadaaripai reserve armi yokka kenadiyanlatho anusandhaaninchabadindi.
28-30 september.
56va (1/1va london) vibhaganni 20va mariyu 6va vibhagalu tolaginchaayi, endukante eee praantaanni french aarava sainyaniki appaginchaaru. newzealand division XV corps daadi raddu cheyabadindi, endukante gaard kandakamlo swaadheenam chesukoni bhaagam goose alle vadda lakshyanni vismarinchinatlu kanugonabadindi. nadumu kandakaalu mariyu goose allie rendinti koodali oka munigipoyina pradaesamloe unnatlu kanugonabadindi, ivi vaimanika chayachitralalo kanipinchaledu ledhaa pataalalo gurtinchabadaledu. germanlu uttara, paschima vaalulalo unnaaru, kotta nyoojilaandarlu dakshina, paschima anchulalo kontha bhaagaaniki cherukunnaru, idhi german sthaanaala yokka aadhipatya veekshanhanu andinchi, maroka daadini anavasaram chesindi. 41va vibhagam 55va (paschima lancashire) vibhaganni upasamanam chesindi, III corps ekikrutam cheyabadindi mariyu 23va vibhagam yokka edamavaipu reserve armi yokka kenadiyanlatho munduku saagindi; aneka meshin-ganlu mariyu baambulanu upayoginchi balamaina german rakshanaku vyatiraekamgaa distrimont fompy chesina prayatnam viphalamaindi. XIV corps yokka 6va mariyu guards vibhagalu, lesboffs daati khaalii german kandakaalanu akraminchayi.
lesbose-lae transloy rahadaariki uttaraana unna oka khaaliini muusivaeyadaaniki oka company chesina prayatnam, september 30 raatri 56va (1/1va london) division yokka reserve brigade dwara guards division upasamanam pondadaaniki mundu, marinta saamuuhika german meshin-gunn kaalpula dwara nilipiveyabadindi. moodava corps praantamloo, nalgava sainyam yokka uttara paarsvamlo, 23va vibhagam sainika sarihadduloni 3va kenadian vibhaagamto anusandhaaninchabadina destremont polampai daadi chesindi. 47va (1⁄2va london) divisionku chendina 141va brigade 1va division nuu raatri upasamanam chesi, rendava prayatnamlo germanlanu flers switch line daati venakki nettindi. newzealand vibhagam kudi vaipuna munduku saagindi, october 1naa uddesinchina eucourt ell 'abbayepai daadiki sannahakamgaa kooda. newzealand dalaalu eee praantamloo german nilva sthaanaalanu icchina gurd kandakaalalo () oka german armi aardarnu kanugonnayi.
vaayu karyakalapalu.
somavaaram september 25, bhoomi pogamanchutho prakaasavantamgaa mariyu megharahitamgaa undhi, conny contact petrolling vimaanamlooni pariseelakula nundi vacchina nivedikalu mukhyamgaa khachitamainavi, padaatidalam nalgava sainika frontlo, anaaroogyam nundi guede court varaku mariyu flers chuttoo vaari lakshyalaku munduku saagadamtho. nigha vimaanamlooni pariseelakulu phirangi byaatareelanu kanugonnaru; nimagnamai mariyu john calls dwara. pariseelakulu tudi lakshyaaniki purogatini gamaninchaaru mariyu iravai okka nimishala taruvaata, daadaapu annintinee swaadheenam chesukunnatlu nivedinchabadindi. vaayu nivedikala nundi sankalanam cheyabadina mapp taruvaata padaatidala purogati nivedikala kante marinta khachitamainadigaa choopabadindi. murikiwada sameepamlo teesukoni naela saayantram padipoyindi, pradhana sikharampai bhoomini swaadheenam chesukovadam puurti chesindi, kambulsnu aamodinchalenidigaa chesindi, ayinappatikee british beloon pariseelakulu dakshinam nundi french purogati alasyam ayindani chudagaligaru. pagatipuuta vistrutamaina german vaimanika karyakalapalu jarigaayi, conny chaalaa vimanalu paina egiraayi, konni british vimanalu cherukogaligaayi.
german vaimanika karyakalapalu british corps vimanalapai peddagaa prabhavam chuupaleedu, ivi contact petrolling mariyu phirangi pariseelana vimanalanu tayaaru chesaayi. naalugu german vimanalu koolchiveyabaddaayi mariyu itarulu etuvanti nashtam lekunda debbatinnaru, conny kotta german vimaanaala yokka adhika vegam, vaatini ishtanusaram vichchinnam cheyadaaniki anumatinchindi. lagnicourt vimaanaasrayampai rendu british squadronlu daadi chesaayi, hangerlu mariyu nilipina vimaanaalaku nashtam kaliginchaayi mariyu maanan court vadda oka german pradhana karyalayampai bambu daadi jarigindi. september 26naa, oka vimaanamlo, nadumu kandakampai bambu daadi chesindi (), taruvaata padaatidalam dakshinam vaipu kandakampai bambu daadi chesindi; oka tank kandakaaniki munduku velli padaatidalamtoe paatu nadipindi. rakshakulu gaardula vibhagam lopaliki balavantamgaa tirigi vellina taruvaata, tank mariyu padaatidalam vachhe varaku vimanam phirangula kaalpulaku pilupunicchindi. vimaana pariseelakudu firangulanu aapivesi, vimanam germanlanu kandakamlo bandhinchi, longipovadaaniki kaaranamaindi, british vaari aiduguru praananashtam jarigindi. gaard kandakaanni swaadheenam chesukovadam saayantram natiki guede court mariyu antaku minchina maargam terichindi. madhyahnam samayamlo vaimanika nigha, combles chuttoo british mariyu french sthaanaala sthaanaanni sthaapinchindi.
german 1 va sainyam.
september 25.
aanglo-french daadulu september 25 kakunda september 23naa jarugutaayani anchanaa veyabadindi mariyu madhyahnam daadi samayam kooda kontamandi rakshakulanu tappugaa anchanaa vesindi. 51va reserve division mariyu XXVI reserve corps yokka 52va reserve division twaragaa venakki nettabaddayi, 236va reserve regimentlo kontha bhaagam boliaux kalapaku uttaraana unna tram line vadda "naasanam cheyabadindi". combles kuu paschimaana unna 235va reserve regiment mariyu graamamlooni 234va reserve regiment yokka bhagalu, uttaraana unna british vaaru mariyu dakshinaana unna french vaaru chuttumutte pramaadam undhi. 52va reserve divisionloni 239va reserve regimentku chendina oka betalian antarinchipoyindi mariyu regimentlo kontha bhaagam lesboffs sameepamlo graamaaniki uttaraana munigipoyindi. adhe division nundi 240va reserve regiment nirvahinchina migilina lesbuffs sulabhamgaa padipoyayi. 51va mariyu 52va reserve divisionlaloni konni bhagalu murikivaadanu pratighatinchaayi, conny koddi dhooram matrame munduku saagagaligi, vaari firangulanu upasamharinchagaligaayi, chivariki murikivaadaku thoorpuna unna lae transloy rahadari venta kotta rekhanu yerparuchukunnayi.
53va reserve divisionku kudi vaipuna unna 238va reserve regiment mariyu poruguna unna 6va bavarian regiment yokka ii betalian, III bavarian corps praantamlooni 6va bavarian divisionku edama vaipuna, chaalaa varaku (gurd trench) mariyu guedecourtlanu pattukogaligaaru, endukante konni rakshana yantra-tupaakulu british bambu daadi nundi bayatapaddayi, mundu varusa nundi upasamharinchukoni, shell-holeslo dachabaddayi. 6va bavarian regimentnu marinta uttaraana graamamloki, dakshinam vaipu ii betalian praantamloki venakki nettaru. british daadi prarambhamainappudu, gandaragolamlo, rendu german betalianlu guedecourtuku uttaraana upasamanam kaligistunnaayi, injanir dukaanaalatoe paatu oka betalian pradhana karyalayanni swaadheenam chesukunnaru. 50va reserve division, eucourt ell 'abbaye mariyu lae saarsnu rakshistuu, septembaru 15 daadula samayamlo swaadheenam chesukoni daani bhaagam (flers trench) yokka dakshina chivarana, vaayuvya disalo bambu daadi cheyadaaniki british prayatnaalaku vyatiraekamgaa, daanini pattukogaligindi, ayithe bapoum-albert rahadaariki dakshinaana martinpuich sameepamlo marinta paschimaaniki balavantamgaa tirigi vachindi.
26-28 september.
234va mariyu 235va reserve regimentlalo konnintini kattirinchinappatikii, chaalaa mandhi hay kalapa kosam tayaaruchestuu champabaddaru, bouchavs, combles mariyu guede court kolpoyaru mariyu reargaardlu combles nundi (gurd trench) kuu upasamharinchabaddaayi. 8va division dalaalu, bapoum-albert rahadaariki uttaraana nundi, thilloy nundi guede court vaipu edurudaadi cheyadaaniki, aravai british feeled ganlatho nimagnamai, german padaatidalam lae transloy disalo "paaripovadaaniki" kaaranamaindi. goode court sameepamlo british aircraft-artillery-tank-infantory daadi, 238va reserve regiment nundi praanaalatoe bayatapadina vaarilo chaalaa mandhi mariyu 6va bavarian regiment yokka betalian swaadheenam chesukovadaniki daariteesindi. 50va reserve division eee praantam yokka rakshananu 6va bavarian division swaadheenam chesukovadamto, 50va reserve division marinta venakki nettiveyabadindi, marusati roeju oka bavarian regiment daadi cheyabadindi, ayithe 7va reserve divisionlo kontha bhaagam sameepamlo upasamanam pondhi, rendu vaipula aneka mandhi maranaalu sambhavinchinappatikii daani bhoomini pattukogaligindi.
paryavasanalu.
vislaeshanha.
eee yuddham gananeeyamaina aangla-french vijayam, mariyu prarambha nalgava sainika daadiloo tankulu upayoginchananduna, nirantaram vangi pravahinche byaarejeeni nirvahinchabadindi. septembaru 15naa german rakshana vyavastha kante takkuva baga abhivruddhi chendina oka german kandaka vyavastha yokka lakshyam, asalu moodava line, ekkuva baruvutho kaalpulaku guraindi. nundi kurisina varshapaatam mariyu daadula vegam, germanlaku vaari rakshananu meruguparachadam kashtataram chesindi. aswikadalam konni vyuuhaatmaka lakshyalanu kooda swaadheenam chesukogaligindi mariyu padaatidalam creeping baambudaadiki baga anugunamgaa undipoyindi, padhi british divisionlalo nashtalanu parimitam chesindi. dakshinaana french daadulu, saamuuhika german phirangi kaalpulaku vyatiraekamgaa peddagaa purogati saadhinchaledu, mariyu chuttoo daadini tirigi praarambhinchadaaniki vistrutamaina phirangi tayari avasaramani fayole nirdhaarinchaaru. 
septembarulo ekkuva mandhi german dalaalu mariyu firangulu soam frontku cherukunnayi, conny soam nundi dakshinaana pedda prati-daadulaloo vaaru upayoginchadam niraasaparichindi, septembaru 12 nundi kolpoyina bhoomini tirigi pondadamlo viphalamaindi, french sainyalu germanla vale daadi chesevaaripai bhaarii nashtalanu kaliginchagala saamarthyaanni niroopinchaayi. septembarulo, german praananashtam sthaanamlo avasaramaina purushulu matrame kanugonabaddaru mariyu 1917 taragatiki chendina purushulu, germany nundi comb-avt, dalaalanu sarafara chesi, front-line unitlaku pampabaddaaru. eee shrenilo vibhaagaalanu padnaalugu rojula kaalaaniki parimitam cheyadaaniki pratiroojuu kotta vibhajana avasaram mariyu dalaala teevramaina korata german divisional upasamanaalu mallee mukkaluga maaradaaniki daariteesindi, idhi saamarthyaanni tagginchindi mariyu sompai german sainyalu kuulipoevadaaniki entha daggaragaa vachayo choopinchindi. ludendorff eee poraataanni yuddhamlo atipedda poraatam anie pilicharu.
nalgava rakshana rekhanu lae transloy nundi ligney-tillay varaku tavvaaru, aidavadi bapoumku daggaragaa undhi mariyu marinta thoorpuna aarava linepy pani praarambhamaindi. naela pariseelakulu nirdesinchina phirangi kaalpulanu nivaarinchadaaniki rakshana kosam riverse vaalulu enchukoobaddaayi, idhi varsham mariyu paelavamaina drushyamaanata samayamlo aanglo-french vaayu pariseelana sibbandiki ekkuva demandlanu chesindi. marinta merugaina german vimanalu andubaatuloki vachayi, ivi aanglo-french vaayu aadhipatyaanni savaalu cheyadaaniki upayoginchabaddaayi mariyu verdun vadda gananeeyamaina mottamlo german firangulanu soam frontku teesukuvacchaaru. mandugundu samagri korata mariyu takkuva naanhyata gala mandugundu samagri sarafara cheyabadinappatiki (mandugundu samagri tayaareeloo upayoginchabadutunna pratyaamnaaya padaarthaala valla), vyardhamaina, gamanimpabadani praanta bambu daadulanu konasaginchadam kante, mitraraajyaala padaatidalaalu yea vyakti yokka bhoomini daatadaaniki mundu antaraayam kaliginchadaaniki marinta vidhvamsaka kaalpulu upayoginchabaddaayi. aanglo-french vaaru mukhyamaina laabhaalanu saadhinchi, german sainyalapai aneka praananashtaalanu kaliginchaaru, ayithe vyaadhigrasta praantamloo vaari purogati adupulo unchabadindi, idhi challani mariyu tadi saradrutuvu vaataavaranamloo leey transloy yuddhamlo (october 1-november 5) paraspara khareedaina pooraataaniki daariteesindi.
praananashtam.
1va vibhagam september 20 nundi, 5va vibhagam nundi mariyu 6va vibhagam october nundi nivedinchabaddaayi. 56va (1/1va london) division septemberlo mariyu newzealand division nundi 55va (paschima lancashire) division october nundi debbatinnaayi. aktobaru 2naa, naalugo mariyu reserve sainyamlo september 25 nundi undani haig anchanaa vaesaaru. yuddhamlo atyanta khareedaina nela ayina septemberlo german 1va mariyu 2va sainyalu nashtapoyayi. german adhikaarika charitralo mariyu yuvaraju ruprecht yuddhaanantara vyaakhyaanamlo, migilina shanti sikshana pondina adhikarulu, commission kaani adhikarulu mariyu padaatidalaanni kolpoyinatlugaa, mukhyamgaa longipovadaaniki ekkuva sumukhatato, vivarinchabadindi.
suuchanalu.
pustakaalu
thesis