
electron ayaneekarana

electron ayaneekarana (Ei, gatamlo electron impact ayaneekarana mariyu electron bombardment ayaneekarana anie piluvabadedi) anedi ayaneekarana paddhati, dheenilo saktivantamaina electronlu ghana ledhaa vayuvu dasha anuvulu ledhaa anuvulatho sankarshana chendhi ayaanlanu utpatti chestaayi. maas spectrometry kosam abhivruddhi chesina modati ayaneekarana paddhatullo eai okati. ayithe, eee paddhati ippatikee oka prajaadarana pondina ayaneekarana saanketikata. ayaanlanu utpatti cheyadaaniki atyanta saktivantamaina electronlanu upayogistunnanduna eee saanketikatanu kathinamaina (adhika vichchinnam) ayaneekarana paddhatigaa pariganistaaru. idhi vistrutamaina vichchinnataku daariteestundi, idhi teliyani sammelanaala nirmaana nirdhaaranaku sahaayapadutundi. 600 kante takkuva paramaanu baruvu unna sendriya sammelanaalaku eai atyanta upayogakaramgaa untundi. alaage, ghana, drava mariyu vayuvu sthithulalo aneka itara ushna sthiramaina mariyu asthira sammelanaalanu vividha vibhajana paddhathulatho jatacheyabadinappudu eee saanketikatanu upayoginchadam dwara gurtinchavacchu.
charitra.
electron ayaneekarananu modatisaarigaa 1918loe kenadian-american bhouthika shaastravetta orther zhe. varninchaaru. saanukuula kirana vislaeshanha yokka kotta paddhati" anae vyaasamlo dempster."idhi modati aadhunika maas spectrometer mariyu vividha bhagala dravyarashi mariyu chaarj nishpattini nirnayinchadaaniki saanukuula kiranaalanu upayoginchindi. eee paddhatiloo, ayan muulam ghana uparitalam vaipu nirdesinchina electron punjamnu upayoginchindi. adhyayanam cheyalsina lohanni upayoginchi anode sthuupaakaara aakaaramlo tayaaru cheyabadindi. taruvaata, dheenini ekagrata kaayil dwara vaedi chesi, aapai electronlatho pelchiveyabadindi. eee paddhatini upayoginchi, lithium yokka rendu isotopulu mariyu magnitium yokka moodu isotopulu, vaati paramaanu baruvulu mariyu saapeksha nishpattulatoe, nirnayinchagaligaayi. appati nundi eee saanketikata marinta maarpulu mariyu abhivruddhi thoo upayoginchabadindi. gyaas faze anuvulu mariyu anuvula ayaneekarana kosam electronla kendrikruta monoenergetic punjam vadakanni 1929loe bleakney abhivruddhi chesindi.
operation suutram.
eee prakriyaloo, gharshana prakriyaloo analyte anuvu (m) nundi oka electron bahishkarinchabadutundi, anuvunu besi sankhyalo electronlatho saanukuula ayanga maarustundi. krindi gyaas faze reaction electron ayaneekarana prakriyanu vivaristundi
ikkada m anedi ayaneekaranam cheyabadina vislaeshanha anuvu, e − anedi electron mariyu m + β anedi phalitamgaa vachhe paramaanu ayan.
oka ii ayan moolamlo, vidyut pravaham unna wire philamentnu vaedi cheyadam dwara thermionic udgaaraala dwara electronlu utpatti cheyabadataayi. bambu pelche electronla yokka gathi shakti namuunaa anuvu yokka ayaneekarana shakti kante ekkuva saktini kaligi undaali. filament mariyu ayan soars block pravesadvaaram madhya praantamloo electronlu 70 EV kii vegavantam cheyabadataayi. tatastha anuvulanu kaligi unna parisoedhanaloo unna namuunaa electron punjanku lambamgaa ayan muulaaniki parichayam cheyabadutundi. takkuva peedanam loe atyanta saktivantamaina electronla daggaragaa velladam (ca. 10−5 nundi 10−6 taar) tatastha anuvula chuttoo vidyut kshetramlo pedda hecchutaggulaku kaaranamavutundi mariyu ayaneekarana mariyu vichchinnatanu prerepistundi. rekhaachitramlo unnatlugaa electron ayaneekaranalo vichchinnatanu puttukatho vachhe oppenheimer sambhaavya vakrarekhalanu upayoginchi vivarinchavacchu. erra baanam electron prabhava saktini chooputundi, idhi analyte nundi electronnu tolaginchadaaniki mariyu vichchinnam kaani phalitaala nundi paramaanu ayaannu roopondinchadaaniki saripotundi. paramaanu ayan kakunda 70 ivi electronla dwara sarafara cheyabadina adhika shakti kaaranamgaa, aneka itara bandha vibhajana praticharyalanu vicchinna falitaalugaa chudavachu, idhi rekhaachitramlooni neelam baanam dwara choopabadutundi. eee ayaanlanu rendava taram utpatti ayanlu antaaru. radikal katayan utpattulu appudu vikarshakam electrode dwara maas analyser vaipu mallinchabadataayi. ayaneekarana prakriya tarachugaa oohinchadagina cheelika praticharyalanu anusaristundi, idhi sakala ayanlaku daariteestundi, idhi gurtinchadam mariyu signal prosessing taruvaata, analyte gurinchi nirmaana samacharanni teliyajestundi.
EI yokka saamarthyam.
ayaneekarana saamarthyaanni penchadam dwara electron ayaneekarana prakriyanu penchutaaru. adhika ayaneekarana saamarthyaanni saadhinchadaaniki optimize cheyabadina filament current, emission current mariyu ayaneekarana current undaali. philamentnu prakaasavantam cheyadaaniki vaedi cheyadaaniki sarafara cheyabadina karentnu filament current antaaru. emission current anedi filament mariyu electron entry slit madhya koliche current. ionizing current anedi trop vadda electron raaka raetu. idhi ayaneekaranaku andubaatulo unna chambarloni electronla sankhya yokka pratyaksha kolata.
namuunaa ayan current (i +) anedi ayaneekarana raetu yokka kolata. ayan velikiteeta saamarthyam (β), mottam ionizing cross section (qi), samarthavanthamaina ionizing maargam podavu (l), namuunaa anuvula ekagrata ([n]) mariyu ionizing current (i) nuu taarumaaru cheyadam dwara dheenini meruguparachavacchu. eee sameekaranaanni eee krindi vidhamgaa chuupavachchuh
vikarshakam mariyu tvaranam rendinti yokka voltagenu penchadam dwara ayan velikiteeta saamarthyaanni (β) optimize cheyavachu. ayaneekarana cross section namuunaa yokka rasayana swabhaavam mariyu ayaneekarana electronla shakti meeda aadharapadi untundi kabatti 70 ivi praamaanika viluva upayoginchabadutundi. takkuva saktula vadda (sumaru 20 EV), electronlu mariyu analyte anuvula madhya paraspara charyalu ayaneekaranaku kaaranamayye taginanta saktini badilee cheyavu. sumaru 70 eee. vii vadda, electronla dii brogley tarangadairghyam sendriya anuvulalo (sumaru 0.14 nm) vilakshana bandhaala podavutho saripolutundi mariyu sendriya vislaeshanha anuvulaku shakti badilee garishtamgaa untundi, idhi saadhyamainanta balamaina ayaneekarana mariyu vichchinnataku daariteestundi. eee paristhitulalo, muulamlooni 1000 analyte anuvulalo 1 ayaneekaranam chendutaayi. adhika saktula vadda, electronla yokka dii brogley tarangadairghyam saadhaarana vislaeshanhalaloo bandha podavula kante takkuvagaa untundi; anuvulu appudu electronlaku "paaradarsakamgaa" maarataayi mariyu ayaneekarana saamarthyam taggutundi. balaheenamaina ayaskanta kshetraanni upayoginchadam dwara samarthavanthamaina ayaneekarana maargam podavunu (l) penchavacchu. conny namuunaa karentnu penchadaaniki atyanta aacharanaatmaka maargam ayan muulaanni adhika ayaneekarana current (antey) vadda operate cheyadam.
parikaraalu.
electron ayaneekarana kosam upayoginchagala parikaraala yokka kramabaddheekarana rekhaachitram kudivaipuna choopabadindi. ayan soars block lohamto tayaaru cheyabadindi. electron muulamgaa, tungston ledhaa renium wire yokka sannani filament ayina cathode, muula blacku cheelika dwara choppinchabadutundi. appudu electronlanu vidudala cheyadaaniki prakaasinchae ushnograta varaku vaedi chestaaru. cathode mariyu soars block madhya 70 vii yokka sambhaavyata vartinchabadutundi, vaatini 70 ii. vii. gatisaktini vegavantam chesi saanukuula ayaanlanu utpatti chestundi. anode (electron trop) yokka sambhaavyata koddigaa sanukoolamgaa untundi mariyu idhi ayaneekarana gadhi velupala, kaathodku neerugaa edurugaa unchabadutundi. upayoginchani electronlu eee electron trop dwara sekarinchabadataayi. namuunaa randhram dwara namuunaa parichayam cheyabadutundi. ayaneekarana prakriyanu penchadaaniki, electronla prayaana disaku samaantaramgaa balaheenamaina ayaskanta kshetram vartinchabadutundi. eee kaaranamgaa, electronlu irukaina helical maargamlo prayaanistaayi, idhi vaati maargam podavunu penchutundi. utpatti cheyabadina saanukuula ayanlu repeller electrode dwara soars blacklo cheelika dwara vegavantam chese praantamloki vegavantam cheyabadataayi. ayan muulaaniki potentialnu vartimpajeyadam dwara mariyu ground potential vadda nishkramana cheelikanu nirvahinchadam dwara, ayanlu sthiramaina kinetic saktitoe maas analyserloki pravesistaayi. namuunaa yokka ghaneebhavanaanni nivaarinchadaaniki, muulam block sumaru 300 masim varaku vaedi cheyabadutundi.
applications.
20va sataabdam prarambham nundi electron ayaneekarana anedi chaalaa prachuryam pondina ayaneekarana paddhatulalo okatigaa undhi, endukante dheeniki pedda sankhyalo anuvartanaalu unnaayi. eee anuvartanaalanu upayoginchina namuunaa choppinche paddhati dwara vistrutamgaa vargeekarinchavachhu. vaayu mariyu atyanta asthira drava namuunaalu vacuum manifoldnu upayogistaayi, ghanapadaarthaalu mariyu takkuva asthira dravaalu pratyaksha choppimpu probnu upayogistaayi mariyu sanklishta misramaalu gyaas chromatography ledhaa liquid chromatographyni upayogistaayi.
vacuum aneka retlu.
eee paddhatiloo namuunaanu modata vacuum manifoldloni vedichesina namuunaa reservoirlo choppistaaru. adhi oka pinn hole dwara ayaneekarana gadiloki tappinchukuntundi. itara namuunaa parichaya paddhatulaku anukuulamgaa laeni atyanta asthira namuunaalatoe eee paddhati upayogapadutundi.
pratyaksha choppimpu eai-ms.
eee paddhatiloo, probe oka podavaina loha chaanal nundi tayaaru cheyabadutundi, idhi namuunaa kesanaalikanu pattukoovadaaniki baavilo mugustundi. vacuum lock dwara probnu soars blacklo choppistaaru. gaaju kesanaalikanu upayoginchi namuunaanu baviki parichayam chestaaru. taruvaata namuunaanu aaviri cheyadaaniki probnu kaavalasina ushnogrataku twaragaa vaedi chestaaru. eee probnu upayoginchi namuunaanu ayaneekarana praantaaniki chaalaa daggaragaa unchavacchu.
puraavastu padaarthaala vislaeshanha.
puraavastu pradaesaalaloo tavvakaala samayamlo kanipinche tors, resinlu mariyu mainapulu vanti puraavastu antukune padaarthaalanu gurtinchadaaniki direct insersion electron ayaneekarana maas spectrometry (direct insersion eai-ms) upayoginchabadindi. eee namuunaalanu saadhaaranamgaa gyaas chromatography-ms upayoginchi namuunaala velikiteeta, suddeekarana mariyu utpannamtho parisoedhistaaru. eee namuunaalu charitrapurva kaalamlo jama cheyabadinanduna, avi tarachugaa chinna mottamlo samrakshinchabadataayi. pratyaksha choppimpu ii-ms puraavastu namuunaalanu upayoginchadam dwara, paine mariyu pista resinlu, birch beradu taaru, theneteega mariyu kaamsya mariyu inupa yugaala nundi mokkala noonelu vanti puraatana sendriya avasheshaalanu neerugaa vislaeshimchaaru. eee saanketikata yokka prayojanam emitante, avasaramaina namuunaa parimaanam takkuvagaa untundi mariyu namuunaa tayaareeni taggistaaru.
pratyaksha choppimpu-ms mariyu gyaas chromatography-ms rendintinee upayoginchaaru mariyu roman mariyu eejiptu amphoraslalo puutalugaa unna sendriya padaartham yokka lakshanaala adhyayanamlo poolchaaru, dheenini puraavastu resinus padaarthaalaku udaaharanagaa teesukovachhu. eee adhyayanam nundi, pratyaksha choppimpu prakriya vegavantamaina, suutigaa mariyu pratyaekamaina saadhanamgaa anipistundani, idhi namuunaalooni pradhana bhagala gurinchi samacharanni velladinchagala sendriya puraavastu padaarthaala pareekshaku anukuulamgaa untundani idhi velladistundi. eee paddhati aakseekarana sthaayi mariyu padaarthaala taragati gurinchi samacharanni andistundi. eee paddhati yokka lopam, namuunaa yokka takkuva samruddhiga unde bhagalu gurtinchabadakapovachhu.
synthetic carbon samuuhaala lakshanaala varnana.
pratyaksha choppimpu eai-ms yokka maroka anuvartanam ghana dasalo verucheyabadina kotta synthetic carbon samuuhaala lakshanam. eee spatikaakaara padaarthaalu 37:1 nishpattilo c60 mariyu c70 kaligi untaayi. oka parisoedhanaloo synthetic c60 anuvu asadhaaranamgaa sthiramgaa undani mariyu daani sugandha swabhaavaanni nilupukunnadani telindi.
gyaas chromatography maas spectrometry.
gyaas chromatography (zii. sii) anedi namuunaa choppinchadaaniki ii. ii-emm. ess loe atyanta vistrutamgaa upayoginche paddhati. electron ayaneekarana paristhithulatho sarigga saripoye ushna sthiramaina mariyu asthira vaayuvula mishramaalanu vaeru cheyadaaniki zii. sii. nii cherchavacchu.
puraavastu padaarthaala vislaeshanha.
roman mariyu eejiptu amphorelapy poothallo unna sendriya padaarthaala adhyayanam mariyu lakshanaala kosam zii. sii-ii-emm. ess. upayoginchabadindi. eee vislaeshanha nundi saastravettalu amphoranu jalanirodhita cheyadaaniki upayoginche padaartham oka nirdishta rakam resin puraavastu pradaesaaniki chendinadi kaadani, maroka praantam nundi digumati chesukunnadani kanugonnaru. eee paddhati yokka oka pratikuulata emitante sudeergha vislaeshanha samayam mariyu tadi rasayana puurva-chikitsa avasaram.
paryaavarana vislaeshanha.
oke injection vislaeshanha dwara taja aahaaramlo purugumandula avasheshaalanu nirnayinchadaaniki zii. sii-ii-emm. ess. nuu vijayavantamgaa upayoginchaaru. eee vislaeshanhaloo kooragaayalalo 81 bahula-taragati purugumandula avasheshaalu gurtinchabaddaayi. eee adhyayanam kosam purugumandulanu dichloromethane velikiteesi, gyaas chromatography-tandem maas spectrometry (zii. sii.-emm. ess.-emm. ess) upayoginchi marinta vislaeshimchaaru. eee saarapu oke injection kosam vaanchaneeya ayaneekarana paddhatini eai ledhaa chemical ayaneekarana (ci) gaa gurtinchavacchu. eee paddhati vegavantamainadi, saralamainadi mariyu kharchutho kuudukunnadi, endukante oke injectiontho adhika sankhyalo purugumandulanu zii. sii. dwara nirnayinchavacchu, idhi vislaeshanha kosam mottam samayanni gananeeyamgaa taggistundi.
jeeva dravaala vislaeshanha.
aneka anuvartanaala kosam jeeva dravaala vislaeshanha kosam zii. sii-ii-emm. ess. nuu cherchavacchu. oka udaaharana padamudu synthetic pyrethroid krimisamhaaraka anuvulu mariyu mottam raktamlo vaati stereoisomerla nirdhaarana. eee parisoedhana namuunaa yokka oke injectiontho selective ayan monitoring mode (sim) loe kotta vegavantamaina mariyu sunnitamaina electron ayaneekarana-gyaas chromatography-maas spectrometry paddhatini upayoginchindi. electron ayaneekarana reetilo panichese zii. sii-emm. ess. nuu upayoginchadam dwara anni pyrethroid avasheshaalu vaeru cheyabaddaayi mariyu selective ayan monitoring modlo parimaanam cheyabaddaayi. raktamlo nirdishta avasheshaalanu gurtinchadam chaalaa kashtamaina pani, endukante avi sareeramloki pravesinchina ventane chaalaa rasayanalu visarjinchabadataayi. ayithe, eee paddhati vividha pyrithroidla avasheshaalanu 0.05-2 ng/ml sthaayi varaku gurtinchindi. sareeramlo athi chinna parimaanam maanava aarogyaaniki, mukhyamgaa pillalalo hanikaram kaavadaaniki saripotundi kabatti raktamlo eee purugumandulanu gurtinchadam chaalaa mukhyam. eee paddhati chaalaa saralamaina, vegavantamaina saanketikata, anduvalla etuvanti maatrika jokyalu lekunda avalambinchavacchu. selective ayan monitoring mode 0.05 ng/ml varaku gurtinche sunnitatvaanni andistundi. maroka anuvartanam zii. sii-eee-emm. ess. nuu upayoginchi protein turnover adhyayanaalalo undhi. idhi dii-phenylalanine yokka chaalaa takkuva sthaayilanu kolustundi, idhi maanava protein samslaeshanha adhyayanala samayamlo kanajaala proteinlo cherchabadina amaino aamlam yokka susampannatanu suuchistumdi. eee paddhati chaalaa samarthavantamgaa untundi, endukante free mariyu protein-bound dii-phenylalanine rendintinee oke maas spectrometernu upayoginchi kolavavacchu mariyu takkuva mottamlo protein matrame avasaram (sumaru 1 mii. graa).
forensic applications.
forensic sainslo kooda zii. sii-ii-emm. ess. nuu upayogistaaru. headspace salid-faze microextraction (hchs-spmey) mariyu gyaas chromatography-maas spectrometry-electron impact ayaneekarana selected ayan monitoring (zii. sii.-emm. ess-eee-sim) upayoginchi raktamlo aidu sthaanika anaesthetics vislaeshanha oka udaaharana. sthaanika anaesthesia vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutundi, conny konnisaarlu eee mandulu vaidya pramaadaalaku kaaranamavutaayi. atuvanti sandarbhaallo sthaanika mattumandu vislaeshanhaku khachitamaina, saralamaina mariyu vegavantamaina paddhati avasaram. 65 nimishala vislaeshanha samayam mariyu sumaru 0.20 graamula namuunaa parimaanamtho, saapekshamgaa takkuva mottamto oka sandarbhamlo gc-ei-ms upayoginchabadindi. forensic practicelo maroka application moothramlo kharjura atyaachaara mandulu (drds) nirdhaarana. eee mandulanu baadhitulanu asamarthulanu cheyadaaniki, aapai vaaripai atyaachaaram cheyadaaniki ledhaa dochukovadaniki upayogistaaru. shareera dravaalalo takkuva saandratalu mariyu tarachugaa sanghatana mariyu clinical pareeksha madhya chaalaa kaalam alasyam kaaranamgaa eee aushadhaala vislaeshanhalu kashtamgaa untaayi. ayithe, zii. sii-eee-emm. ess. nuu upayoginchadam valla moothramlo 128 sammelanaala dii. aarr. dii. lanu gurtinchadam, gurtinchadam mariyu parimaanam cheyadaaniki saralamaina, sunnitamaina mariyu balamaina paddhatini anumatistundi.
liquid chromatography (eai-ms).
capillary scale liquid chromatography-electron ayaneekarana maas spectrometry (elsi-eee-ms) nuu kalapadam kosam rendu iteevali vidhaanaalanu vividha namuunaala vislaeshanha kosam cherchavacchu. ivi kesanaalika-sthaayi eai-aadhaarita elsie/ms interfaces mariyu direct-eai interfaces. kesanaalikaloo nebulizer saralata mariyu sunnitatvam kosam optimize cheyabadindi. direct-eai interfaces anedi naano-mariyu micro-hclplc kosam oka chinna interfaces, dheenilo interfacing prakriya tagina vidhamgaa savarinchina ayan moolamlo jarugutundi. adhika sunnitatvam, saralata mariyu punarutpattini pondavacchu endukante niluvu varusa nundi ellution puurtigaa ayan moolamloki badilee cheyabadutundi. eee rendu interfacelanu upayoginchi vividha dhruvanaalatho kuudina chinna mariyu madhya taraha anuvula vislaeshanha kosam electron ayaneekarananu vijayavantamgaa cherchavacchu. elsi-mslo eee interfacelaku atyanta saadhaarana anuvartanaalu purugumandula pravanata vibhajana, carberyl, propanil mariyu chlorropham riverse faejni upayoginchadam mariyu naalugu shotha nirodhaka mandulu, diphenyldramine, amitriptillin, naproxen mariyu ibuprofen vanti aushadha anuvartanaalu vanti paryaavarana anuvartanaalu.
electron ayaneekarana yokka anuvartanaalanu vargeekarinchadaaniki maroka paddhati maas spectroscopy upayoginche vibhajana saanketikatapai aadharapadi untundi. eee vargam prakaram chaalaa varaku samaya anuvartanaalu vimaana samayamlo (toff) ledhaa orthogonal toff maas spectrometry (oye-toff ms), forier transform ayan cyclotron resonance (efty-icr ms) mariyu kwadrupol ledhaa ayan trop maas spectrometrylo kanipistaayi.
time-off-flight maas spectrometrytho upayoginchandi.
vimaana dravyarashi spectroscopy (eai-toff ms) yokka electron ayaneekarana samayam vislaeshanhaatmaka mariyu praathamika rasayana bhouthika shaastra adhyayanalaku baga saripotundi. anuvulu mariyu radicals yokka ayaneekarana saamardhyaalanu, alaage ayanlu mariyu tatastha anuvula kosam bandha vibhajana saktulanu kanugonadaaniki eai-toff ms upayoginchabadutundi. eee paddhati yokka maroka upayogam pratikuula ayan rasayana shaastram mariyu bhouthika shaastram gurinchi adhyayanam cheyadam. autodetachment jeevitakaalam, metastable dissociation, rideberg electron badilee praticharyalu mariyu feeled detachment, taatkaalika pratikuula ayan sthithulanu gurtinchadaaniki sf6 scavenger paddhati mariyu aneka itara paddhatulu eee saanketikatanu upayoginchi kanugonabaddayi. eee paddhatiloo feeled free ayaneekarana praantam electron saktilo adhika khachitatvanni mariyu adhika electron shakti spashtatanu kooda anumatistundi. ayan flight tube krinda vidyut kshetraalanu kolavadam anedi autodetachment mariyu metastable kullipovadaanni alaage balaheenamgaa bandhinchabadina pratikuula ayanla kshetra vibajananu nirnayistundi.
electron ayaneekarana orthogonal-acceleration toff ms (eai oye-tofms) yokka modati vivarana 1989loe jarigindi. eai ayan muulamtoe "orthogonal-acceleration" nuu upayoginchadam dwara parishkara shakti mariyu sunnitatvam perigindi. gyaas chromatographic (zii. sii) inlet vyavasthalatho moharinchadam anedi eai muulaalatoe kuudina oye-tofms yokka mukhya prayojanaallo okati, idhi asthira sendriya sammelanaala chromatographic vibajananu adhika vegamtho konasaaginchadaaniki anumatistundi.
forier transform ayan cyclotron resonance maas spectrometry.
ft-icr ei-ms nuu 295-319 °C, 319-456 °C mariyu 456-543 °C loe moodu vacuum gyaas ayil (vgo) swedana bhinnala vislaeshanha kosam upayoginchavacchu. eee paddhatiloo, 10 EV vadda Ei vacuum gyaas ayil paridhiloo sugandha sammelanaala mruduvaina ayaneekarananu anumatistundi. paramaanu sthaayilo kuurpu vaividhyaalu muulaka kuurpu ketayimpu nundi nirnayinchabaddaayi. ultra-hye resolution power, chinna sample saiju, adhika punarutpatti mariyu maas khachitatvam (<0.4ppm) eee paddhatiloo pratyeka lakshanaalu. moodu namoonaalalo sugandha hydrocarbonlu pradhana utpatti. adanamgaa, eee binna anhu jaatula gaadata marige binduvutoe periginappudu aneka sulfur, natrajani mariyu oxygen kaligina sammelanaalu neerugaa gamaninchabaddaayi. dayta vislaeshanhanu upayoginchi idhi sammelana rakalu (valayalu mariyu dwandwa bandhaalu), swedana bhinnalalo hydrocarbon mariyu heteroautomic sammelanaala kosam vaati carbon sankhya pampinheelu, sagatu paramaanu baruvunu (ledhaa carbon sankhya pampinhee) penchadam mariyu petrolium bhinnala perugutunna marige ushnogratato sugandha dravyam gurinchi samacharanni ichindi.
ayan trop maas spectrometry.
nadhi neeru mariyu muruguneeti vyardhaala namoonaalalo, nanilphenol polyethoxylate (enn. pii. eee. oo) avasheshaalu mariyu vaati ksheenata utpattulu ayina nanilphenol polyethoxy carboxylatelu mariyu carboxialclifenal eethaaksee carboxylatelanu gurtinchadam mariyu parimaanam kosam ayan trop eai msnu cherchavacchu. eee parisoedhana dwara, paryaavarana namoonaalalo lakshya sammelanaalanu nirnayinchadaaniki, ayan trop zii. sii.-ms anedi ii. ii. thoo sahaa vividha ayaneekarana paddhathulatho kuudina nammadagina mariyu soukaryavantamaina vislaeshanhaatmaka vidhanam anie vaaru kanugonnaru.
prayojanaalu mariyu aprayojanaalu.
maas spectrometrylo inigation paddhatigaa aini upayoginchadam dwara aneka prayojanaalu mariyu aprayojanaalu kooda unnaayi. ivi krinda jabita cheyabaddaayi.

