
vyaktigata gurtimpu

vyaktigata gurtimpu anedi kalakramena oka vyakti yokka pratyaekamaina sankhyaaparamaina gurtimpu. vyaktigata gurtimpuku sambandhinchina charchalu saadhaaranamgaa oka samayamlo oka vyaktini mariyu maroka samayamlo oka vyaktini kalakramena konasaagutuu, vyaktigaa cheppagala avasaramaina mariyu tagina paristhitulanu nirnayinchadam lakshyamgaa pettukuntaayi.
tatvasaastramlo, vyaktigata gurtimpu samasya anedi oka vyaktini oka kaala vyavadhilo elaa gurtinchagaladu anedaaniki sambandhinchinadi, "oka samayamlo oka vyakti maroka samayamlo oka vyaktitoe samanam anae prasnalanu parishkarinchadam emiti?"ledhaa" manam yea rakamaina vyaktulu?"
samakaaleena adhibhouthika saastramlo, vyaktigata gurtimpu yokka vishayanni vyaktigata gurtimpu yokka "diachronic samasya" gaa suuchistaaru. samakaaleekarana samasya" anedi oka nirdishta samayamlo oka vyaktini yea lakshanaalu mariyu lakshanaalu vargeekaristaayane prasnaku sambandhinchinadi. vislaeshanhaatmaka tatvasaastram mariyu khandantara tatvasaastram rendoo gurtimpu yokka swabhaavam gurinchi vichaaristaayi. khandantara tatvasaastram prapancham mariyu daani swabhaavam gurinchi vividha tatva pratipaadanalu, pratipaadanalu mariyu oohaagaanaalanu edurkonnappudu bhaavanaparamgaa gurtimpunu konasaginchadam gurinchi vyavaharistundi.
padaartham yokka konasagimpu.
saareeraka padaartham.
kalakramena vyaktigata pattudala yokka oka bhavana kevalam nirantara saareeraka unikini kaligi undatam. thesius samasya yokka ooda vivarinchinatlugaa, nirjeeva vastuvulaku kooda oka samayamlo oka bhouthika sareeram maroka samayamlo bhouthika sariiraaniki samanamga undho ledho nirnayinchadamlo ibbandulu unnaayi. maanavulato, kalakramena mana sareeraalu vayassu mariyu perugutaayi, padaarthaanni kolpotayi mariyu pondutaayi, mariyu taginanta samvatsaraalu avi okappudu kaligi unna chaalaa padaarthaalanu kaligi undavu. anduvalla mana sareeraala nirantara unikilo kalakramena vyaktigata gurtimpu yokka sthirathvaanni nilabettukovadam samasyaatmakamainadi. ayinappatikee, eee vidhaanaaniki maanavulanu jeevasambandhamaina jeevigaa nirvachinche maddatudaarulu unnaaru mariyu vyaktigata konasaagimpuku manasika sambandham avasaram ledani pratipaadinchaaru. eee vyaktigata gurtimpu antology saareeraka konasaagimpuku badulugaa jeevitaanni konasaginche prakriyala yokka sambandha siddhaantaanni oohistundi.
derec parphit yokka teletransportation samasya saareeraka konasagimpu gurinchi antar drushtini bayataku teesukuraavadaaniki roopondinchabadindi. eee aalochanaa prayogam oka vyaktini bhoomi nundi maarsku teleport chesina sandarbhaalanu charchistundi. chivariki, oka varnapatamlo sankraminchina vyakti bhoomipai prarambha vyaktitoe samanamga undatam ekkada aagipotundo perkonalekapovadam anedi sankhyaaparamgaa okela unna bhouthika sariiraanni kaligi undatam vyaktigata gurtimpuku pramaanam kaadani choopistundi.
manasika padaartham.
manassu yokka maroka bhaavanalo, abhignaa saamarthyaala samiti sareeram nundi vaerugaa mariyu swatantramgaa unna oka abhouthika padaarthaanni kaligi unnatlu pariganinchabadutundi. oka vyaktini vaari shareeramtho kakunda vaari manassutho gurtinchinatlayite-oka vyaktini vaari manassutho pariganinchinatlayithe-mariyu vaari manassu atuvanti bhouthika padaartham kakapothe, kalakramena vyaktigata gurtimpu eee bhouthika padaartham yokka sthirathvampai aadharapadi undavacchu, adhi sambandham unna shareera padaarthamloo nirantaram maarpu unnappatikee.
manassu-shareera samasya anedi manassulu ledhaa manasika prakriyalu mariyu saareeraka sthithulu ledhaa prakriyala madhya unna sambandham edainaa unte, daani vivaranaku sambandhinchinadi. eee rangamlo panichese tatvavettala lakshyaalalo okati, bhouthika manassu bhouthika sariiraanni elaa prabhaavitam cheyagalado vivarinchadam mariyu dheeniki viruddhamgaa.
idhi vivaadaaspadamainadi mariyu samasyaatmakamainadi, mariyu dheenini oka parishkaramga sweekarinchadam prasnalanu levanettutundi. grahana anubhavalu bahya prapancham nundi vividha indriya avayavalaku vachhe uddeepanalapai aadharapadi untaayi mariyu eee uddeepanalu manasika sthithulalo maarpulaku kaaranamavutaayi; chivariki sanchalanaanni kaligistaayi. udaaharanaku, aaharam kosam korika anedi oka vyakti thana sariiraanni aaharaanni pondadaaniki oka vidhamgaa mariyu oka disalo kadilinchela chestundi. appudu, electrochemical lakshanaalanu kaligi unna avayavam (maanava medadu) nundi chetana anubhavalu elaa utpannamavutaayi anedi prasna. oka sambandhita samasya emitante pratipaadana vaikharulu (udhaa.zii. nammakalu mariyu korikalu) medadulooni neuronlu mantalu mariyu kandaraalu saraina paddhatiloo kudinchadaaniki kaaranamavutaayi. veetilo kaneesam rene descartes kaalam nundi ghnaana saastravettalu mariyu manassu yokka tatvavettalanu edurkonna konni puzzles unnaayi.
chaitanyam yokka konasagimpu.
loke yokka bhavana.
zaan loke vyaktigata gurtimpunu (ledhaa sweeya) spruhapai (antey. ghnaapakasakti), aatma ledhaa sareeram yokka padaartham meeda kaadu. gurtimpu mariyu vaividhyampai" anae sheershikato ayana raasina "maanava avagahanaku sambandhinchina vyaasam" (1689) looni rendava pustakamloni 27va adhyayam, tananu taanu punaraavrutam chesukuntu sweeya-gurtimpunu kaligivunna chaitanyam yokka modati aadhunika bhaavanallo okatigaa cheppabadindi. eee gurtimpu dwara, naitika baadhyatanu amsaaniki aapaadinchavachchu mariyu siksha mariyu aparadhanni samarthinchavachhu, neetse vanti vimarsakulu etthi chuuputaaru.
loke prakaram, vyaktigata gurtimpu (aatma) "spruhapai aadharapadi untundi, padaartham meeda kaadu" ledhaa aatmapai aadharapadi untundi. prastuta aalochanalu mariyu charyala gurinchi manaku chethanamainatle gatha mariyu bhavishyat aalochanalu mariyu charyala gurinchi manaku avagahana unnanta varaku manam oke vyakti. spruha anedi eee "aalochana" ayithe, adhi "padaarthamthoo paatu velutundi...idhi oke vyaktini chestundi, appudu vyaktigata gurtimpu anedi punaraavruta spruha charyapai matrame aadharapadi untundih "idhi vyaktigata gurtimpu ekkada untundo manaku chuupavachchuh padaartham yokka gurtimpulo kaadu, conny...spruha yokka gurtimpulo."udaaharanaku, okaru plato yokka punarjanma anie cheppukovacchu, anduvalla adhe aatma padaartham kaligi untaaru. plato aalochanalu mariyu charyala gurinchi tanaku taanu chesina avagahana untene okaru plato vale adhe vyakti avutaaru. anduvalla, sweeya gurtimpu aatmapai aadharapadi undadu. oka aatmaku vividha vyaktitvaalu undavacchu.
vyakti alaage undagaane sareeram maaravacchu kabatti, shareera padaartham meeda sweeya-gurtimpu kooda sthaapinchabadadani loke vaadinchaaru. jantuvula gurtimpu kooda vaati sareerampai aadhaarapadaledu jantuvu yokka sareeram daani jeevitakaalamlo perugutuu, maarutuu unnanduna, "jantuvula gurtimpu jeevitam yokka gurtimpulo samrakshinchabadutundi, padaartham kaadu". marovaipu, maanavula gurtimpu vaari spruhapai aadharapadi untundi.
eee sarihaddu kesu eee samasyaatmaka aalochanaku daariteestundi, endukante vyaktigata gurtimpu spruhapai aadharapadi untundi, mariyu okari spruha gurinchi matrame telusukovacchu, bahya maanava nyaayamuurtulu vaaru nijamgaa adhe vyaktini teerpu istunnara-mariyu sikshistunnara-ledhaa kevalam adhe sariiraanni. maroe maatalo cheppalante, oka vyaktini shareera charyala kosam matrame teerpu cheppavacchani loke vaadinchaaru, endukante idhi devudu tappa andarikee spashtamgaa kanipistundi. manaku chetanamaina charyalaku matrame manam baadhyata vahistaamu. idhi picchitanam rakshanaku aadharam-okaru apasmaraka sthithilo unna charyalaku baadhyata vahinchaleru-anduvalla taatvika prasnalaku daariteestundihi
ledhaa mallih
ika nundi, vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi loke yokka bhavana daanini padaartham ledhaa sareerampai kanugonaledu, conny "adhe nirantara spruha" loe kanugonabadindi, idhi aatmaku kooda bhinnamgaa untundi, endukante aatmaku thana gurinchi spruha undakapovachhu (punarjanmalo vale). athanu aatma mariyu sareeram madhya moodava padaanni srushtistaadu. loke kosam, sareeram maaravacchu, ayithe spruha alaage untundi. anduvalla, vyaktigata gurtimpu, loke kosam, sareeramlo kaadu, spruhalo untundi.
taatvika antar drushti.
bernard villiams bhavishyattulo adhe vyaktigaa undatam antey emiti anae antar drushtini aakarshinche oka aalochanaa prayogaanni pradarsinchaaru. aalochanaa prayogam oke prayogaaniki rendu vidhaanaalanu kaligi untundi.
modati vidhanam" kosam, iddaru vyaktulanu daaniki lobadi unchadam valla iddaru vyaktulu sariiraalanu "marpidi" chesukovadaniki daariteeyagala edainaa prakriya undani anukundam anie villiams suuchistunnaaru. eee prakriya prakriyaku mundu vyakti a kii chendina vyakti yokka ghnaapakaalu, pravartanaa vaikharulu mariyu manasika lakshanaalanu vyakti yokka sareeramloki pravesapettindi; mariyu dheeniki viruddhamgaa vyakti b thoo. deenni choopinchadaaniki, prakriyaku vellae mundu vyakti a mariyu bని yea vyaktiki, a-shareera-vyakti ledhaa b-shareera-vyaktiki, vaaru sikshanu pondaalanukuntunnaarani mariyu yea bahumatini pondaalanukuntunnaarani adagabadatarani anukundam. eee prakriyaloo palgonna taruvaata mariyu siksha ledhaa bahumatini pondina taruvaata, oka-shareera-vyakti aaa vyakti bii laaga, bii-shareera-vyaktitoe poliste, yea chikitsanu pondaalo enchukunna ghnaapakaalanu vyaktam chestaadani telustondi.
aalochanaa prayogaaniki eee vidhamaina vidhanam vyakti yokka manasika lakshanaalanu vyaktaparichae vyakti vyakti ayinanduna, appudu antar drushti anedi "manasika konasagimpu" anedi vyaktigata gurtimpuku pramaanam anie choopistundi.
rendava vidhanam" emitante, okari ghnaapakaalu cheripiveyabadatayani, aapai okaru himsimchabadataarani evarikainaa cheppabadutundani anukundam. himsimchabadataarani evarainaa bhayapadaalsina avasaram undaa? antar drushti emitante, prajalu himsimchabadataarani bhayapadutunnaru, endukante okari ghnaapakaalu laenappatikee adhi ippatikee okatigaane untundi. taruvaata, villiams ilanti aneka drushyaalanu pariseelinchamani okarini koraadu.
antar drushti emitante, anni paristhitulalo okaru himsimchabadataarani bhayapadali, okari ghnaapakaalu cheripiveyabadi, kotta ghnaapakaalanu sweekarinchinappatiki adhi ippatikee okari aatma anie. chivari drushyam modatidaanitoe samanamga untundi.
modati vidhaanamlo, antar drushti anedi okari "manasika konasagimpu" anedi vyaktigata gurtimpuku pramaanam anie choopinchadam, conny rendava vidhaanamlo, antar drushti anedi vyaktigata gurtimpuku pramaanam ayina okari "saareeraka konasagimpu". eee sangharshananu parishkarinchadaaniki rendava vidhaanamlo okari antar drushti balamgaa undani villiams bhaavistaadu mariyu ataniki siksha mariyu bahumatini pampinhee chese empika ivvabadithe, athanu thana shareera-vyakti bahumatini pondaalani mariyu itara shareera-vyakti sikshanu pondaalani korukuntadu, aaa itara shareera-vyaktiki athani ghnaapakaalu unnappatikee.
manasika konasagimpu.
manastatvasaastramlo, vyaktigata konasagimpu, vyaktigata pattudala ledhaa sweeya-konasagimpu anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi oka nirdishta vyaktiki vaari vyaktigata jeevitam mariyu vyaktitvaaniki sambandhinchina nirantaraaya sambandham. vyaktigata konasagimpu anedi oka kshanam nundi maroka samayaniki antaraayaalanu nivaarinchadaaniki vyaktitvam nundi utpannamayye amsaalanu prabhaavitam chese aikyata.
vyaktigata konasagimpu anedi gurtimpulo oka mukhyamaina bhaagam; idhi aatma-avagahana, bhaavam, ghnaanam mariyu tanaku mariyu okari paryaavaranaaniki madhya unna sambandhaanni grahinche saamarthyam vanti manassu yokka lakshanaalu oka kshanam nundi maroka kshanam varaku sthiramgaa undela chuse prakriya. vyaktigata konasagimpu anedi nirantara mariyu anusandhaanita kaalapu lakshanam mariyu idhi oka vyakti yokka sareeram ledhaa bhouthika unikitho oke naalugu-dimensional konasagimputo sannihitamgaa sambandham kaligi untundi. sanghavaadam, aalochanalu manassulo elaa militam avtayo cheppe siddhaantam, sanghatanalu ledhaa abhiprayalu manassulo okadaanitoe okati mudipadi undataaniki anumatistundi, tadwara oka rakamaina abhyaasaaniki daariteestundi. anubandhalu sannihitata, saaruupyata ledhaa viruddhata valla sambhavinchavachhu. sannihitata dwara, saadhaaranamgaa oke samayamlo sambhavinche aalochanalu ledhaa sanghatanalanu okaru anubandhistaaru. eee sanghatanalalo konni sweeyacharitraatmaka gnaapakaanni yerparustaayi, indulo prati okkati saadhaarana ledhaa nirdishta sanghatanalu mariyu vyaktigata vaastavaala vyaktigata praatinidhyam.
aham samagrata anedi kramam mariyu ardham kosam daani saamarthyam gurinchi aham yokka perukupoyina haamii yokka manasika bhavana. aham gurtimpu anedi gatamlo tayaaru chesina antargata saaruupyata mariyu konasagimpu itarulaku okari ardham yokka saaruupyata mariyu konasagimputo saripolutunnayane vishwaasam, idhi vrutti yokka vaagdaanamlo rujuvu cheyabadindi. sareeram mariyu aham anedi konnisaarlu, daiva vyatiraeka sweeya-parityaagam kaliginche paristhitulalo aham maranam yokka bhavodvegalanu edurkovataniki avayava vyakteekaranalanu mariyu bhouthika vyavastha yokka gatiseelata yokka itara lakshanaalanu niyantristaayi.
gurtimpu konasagimpu.
shaashwata gurtimpu anedemi ledani anubhoothulu mariyu aalochanala swabhaavam nundi vaadinchabadindi. gurtimpupai naalugu pradhana abhiprayalalo okati "shaashwata gurtimpunu" gurtinchadani, badulugaa "aalochanaaparudu laeni aalochanalu" gurinchi aalochistundani daniel shapiro nokkichepparu-"bhavodvegalu mariyu aalochanalu kadulutunna spruha shell conny saaraamsam ledhu". ayana abhiprayam prakaram eee abhiprayam bouddha bhavana "anatta", nirantaram abhivruddhi chendutunna avagahana pravaham meeda aadharapadi undhi."malkam david ekel" "prati kshanamlo sweeya maarpu mariyu shaashwata gurtimpu ledhu" "anie paerkonnaadu-idhi" "maarutunna ledhaa maarutunna sthiramaina prakriya" ";" "nirantaram maarutunna dravam"."
sweeya yokka bundle siddhaantam.
david hyoom manassu-shareera samasyanu pariseelinchadam chepattadu. hyoom oka vyakti yokka swabhaavam, maanava mariyu janthu swabhaavam madhya sambandham mariyu agency swabhaavaanni kooda parisoedhimchaadu. aidella kritam manam unnatle manamuu unnaam anie anukuntamani hyoom etthi chuupaaru. manam aneka vidhaluga marinappatiki, adhe vyakti appudu unnatlugaa ippudu kanipistaadu. antarleena swabhaavaanni marchakunda yea lakshanaalanu maarchavachane daani gurinchi manam aalochinchadam praarambhinchavacchu. oka vyakti yokka vividha lakshanaalaku mariyu aaa lakshanaalanu kaligi unnatlu bhaavinche marmamaina aatmaku madhya vyatyaasaanni hyoom khandinchaaru. manam aatmapariseelana praarambhinchinappuduh [manam] ellappuduu edho oka nirdishta avagahana ledhaa itara vishayaalalo porapaatlu chestaamu.... avi oohinchaleni vegamtho okadaanikokati vijayavantam ayyi, nirantara pravaham mariyu kadalikalo unna vibhina avagahanala sanchi ledhaa sekarana tappa marokati kaadani migilina maanavajaatini dhruveekarinchadaaniki neenu sahasam cheyavachu.mana aalochanala kramam loe, mana aalochanala yokka nirantara viplavamlo, mana ooha oka aalochana nundi daanini pooli unde yea itara aalochanaku sulabhamgaa nadustundani, mariyu eee lakshanam matrame faanseeki taginanta bandham mariyu anubandham anie spashtamgaa undhi. indriyaalu tama vastuvulanu marchukovadamlo, vaatini kramam tappakunda marchadam mariyu avi okadaanikokati aanukuni unnanduna vaatini teesukelladam avasaram kabatti, ooha anedi sudeergha aacharam dwara adhe aalochanaa vidhananni pondaali mariyu daani vastuvulanu grahinchadamlo sthalam mariyu samayam yokka bhagala venta parugettaali.
hyoom drushtilo, eee avagahanalu dhenikee chendinavi kaavani pratyaekamgaa gamaninchandi. hyoom, buddhudi maadirigaane, aatmanu commonwealtho polchi chustundi, idhi konni saasvatamaina pradhana padaardham kaaranamgaa kakunda, aneka vibhina, sambandhita, inca nirantaram maarutunna muulakaalatoe koodi undatam dwara daani gurtimpunu nilupukuntundi. vyaktigata gurtimpu prasna appudu okari vyaktigata anubhavam yokka vadulugaa unna aikyatanu vargeekarinche vishayamgaa maarutundi.
sankshiptamgaa, hyoomku mukhyamainadi 'gurtimpu' unikilo undatam kaadu, conny kaaranamu, saameepyata mariyu saaruupyatala sambandhaalu avagahanala madhya pondadam. manassu yokka vividha sthithulu mariyu prakriyalu ekikrutamgaa kanipinchadaaniki, vaari aikyatanu grahinche edho okati undaali, daani uniki vyaktigata gurtimpu kante takkuva marmamainadi kaadu anie hyoom vimarsakulu paerkonnaaru. hyoom padaartham daani lakshanaala "samaikyata" dwara udbhavinchindani pariganinchadam dwara dheenini parishkaristundi.
noo-selph siddhaantam.
noo-selph siddhaantam" prakaram, sweeya bhavana oka katta aalochanaku anukuulamgaa lenanduna sweeyaanni oka kattaga tagginchalemu. pratipaaditamgaa, oka katta aalochana nijaaniki unikilo laeni saareeraka ledhaa manasika sambandhaala bhavananu suuchistumdi. eee drukpathaaniki pradhana pratipaadakulaina james gails, "noo-selph" ledhaa "eleminativist siddhaantam" mariyu bundle ledhaa reductionist siddhaantam oka sthiramaina aatma yokka uniki gurinchi angeekaristaayani vaadinchaaru. gails prakaram, taggimpu siddhaantam, manasika sambandhaala gurinchi vividha vruttaamtaala paramgaa porapaatuna sweeya. marovaipu, noo-selph siddhaantam, "aatma ekkada padipoyindo akkada padanivvandi". endukante noo-selph siddhaantam sweeya siddhaantaalannintinii, bundle siddhaantaanni kooda tiraskaristundi. gails patanam meeda, hyoom vaastavaaniki noo-selph siddhaantakarta mariyu bundle siddhaantam vanti taggimpu drukpathaanni ataniki aapaadinchadam porapaatu. gails prakaram, vyaktigata gurtimpu oka kalpana anie hyoom chesina vaadana eee pathanaaniki maddatu istundi.
vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi bouddha drukpatham kooda oka taggimpu siddhaantam kakunda oka sweeya siddhaantam, endukante buddhudu chaitanyam, bhavalu ledhaa sareeram paramgaa shaashwata/shaashwata, maarani aatma yokka bhaavanalatho punarnirmaana prayatnaalanu tiraskaristaadu, endukante mana aalochanalu, vyaktitvaalu mariyu sareeraalu eppuduu oka kshanam nundi maroka kshanam varaku okela undavu, pratyaekamgaa sunyatalo vivarinchinatlu.
eee vimarsala prakaram, sweeya bhavana anedi oka parinaamaatmaka kalakhandam, idhi abhivruddhi chendina paristhitulalo samayanni aadaa chestundi. conny ghnaapakasakti nashtam, disociative identity desorder, medadu debbatinadam, brain washing mariyu vividha aalochanaa prayogaalu vanti konni sanghatanalanu parigananaloki teesukunnappudu sweeya bhaavam vichchinnamavutundi. sweeya sahajamaina bhaavamlo lopaalu mariyu sweeya yokka kathinamaina bhaavanapai aadhaarapade eee bhavana yokka parinaamaalatoe pradarsinchinappudu, bhavananu sarichese dhorani sambhavistundi, bahusha abhignaa vairudhyam kaaranamgaa.
prayogaatmaka tatvasaastram.
21va sataabdam nundi, tatvavettalu kooda taatvika antar drushtini baga ardham chesukovadaniki manasika shaastra paddhatulanu upayogistunnaru. tatvasaastraaniki eee anubhavika vidhananni prayogaatmaka tatvasaastram ledhaa sankshiptamgaa "xphy" anie pilustaaru. vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi tatvavettala abhiprayalalo kooda vividha manasika karakalu vyatyaasaanni anchanaa vestaayani xphy looni adhyayanalu kanugonnayi.
naitika sweeya siddhaantam.
vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi mana antar drushti meeda naitika antar drushti pedda prabhavanni chooputundani xphy nundi vacchina phalitaalu suuchistunnaayi. udaaharanaku, kontamandi prayogaatmaka tatvavettalu oka vyakti naatakeeya maarpuku gurainappudu (udhaa.zii.(maanasikamgaa merugaina daaniki viruddhamgaa), baadhaakaramaina medadu gaayam), vyakti naitikamgaa adhvaannamgaa maarithe (naitikamgaa merugaina daaniki viruddhamgaa), vaari naatakeeya maarpu tarvaata aaa vyakti "oke" anie prajalu anukune avakaasam takkuva. ilanti dayta vyaktigata gurtimpuku "naitika lakshanaalu avasaram" anae "naitika sweeya parikalpana" kuu maddatu istundi, kontamandi "evarainaa naatakeeya manasika maarpuku gurainappudu, vaari sankhyaaparamaina gurtimpu-vaaru munupatilage adhe vyakti ayina-antaraayam kaliginchinatlu anipinchavacchu" anie cheppe varaku velataaru.
sankhya mariyu gunaatmaka.
maarpu yokka dhisha (udhaa.zii., naitika merugudala verses. naitika ksheenata) vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi prajala teerpulalo gananeeyamaina maarpulaku kaaranamavutundani kanugonabadindi, bahula adhyayanalu eee maarpulalo edhee maarpuku mundu vaaru unna vyaktiki evarainaa sankhyaaparamgaa okela laerani bhavinchaledani kanugonnayi-antey maarpuku mundu unna vyakti oka vyakti mariyu maarpu tarvaata unna vyakti puurtigaa vaerugaa unna rendava vyaktih naatakeeya naitika maarpu sandarbhaalalo entha mandhi vyaktulanu vivarinchabaddaarani prajalanu adiginappudu, samadhanalalo ekkuva bhaagam "okati" (rendu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva). vyaktigata gurtimpu gurinchi antar drushti loe eee maarpulu gunaatmaka gurtimpu gurinchi anae iteevali aadhaaraalatho idhi saripotundi (i.ii.sankhyaaparamaina gurtimpu (i.) kante, okadaani munupati samskaranatho entha saaruupyata kaligi untundi).ii., oka vyakti naatakeeya maarpuku guraina sandarbhaala dwara vivarinchabadina iddaru ledhaa anthakante ekkuva mandhi vyaktulu unnara).