upasamanakaari

upasamanakaari ledhaa prasaantata anedi chiraaku ledhaa utsahanni tagginchadam dwara upasamanaanni prerepinche padaartham. avi cns depressants mariyu medadu kaaryakalaapaalato sankarshana chendutaayi, deenivalla daani ksheenata erpadutundi. vividha rakaala mattumandulanu vaeru cheyavachu, conny vaatilo ekkuva bhaagam neurotransmitter gaama-aminobutric aamlam (gaba) nuu prabhaavitam chestaayi. prati upasamanakaari daani swantha maargamlo panichesinappatiki, chaalaa varaku gaba karyakalapalanu penchadam dwara sadalinche prabhavalanu utpatti chestaayi.
eee samuuham hypnoticsku sambandhinchinadi. upasamanakaari" anae padam aandolananu saantaparachadaaniki ledhaa upasamanam kaliginche mandulanu vivaristundi, ayithe "hypnotic" anae padam nidranu praarambhinchadam, konasaginchadam ledhaa ekkuva kaalam konasaginchadam anae pradhana uddesyam kaligina mandulanu vivaristundi. endukante eee rendu vidhulu tarachugaa ativyaapti chendutaayi, mariyu eee taragatiloni mandulu saadhaaranamgaa motaadu-aadhaarita prabhavalanu (angiolysis nundi spruha kolpovadam varaku) utpatti chestaayi kabatti vaatini tarachugaa samishtiga "upasamana-sammohana" mandulu anie pilustaaru.
mattumandulanu atigaa prasaantata kaliginche prabhavanni utpatti cheyadaaniki upayoginchavacchu (madyam atyanta saadhaarana mattumandula mandhu). adhika motaadu ledhaa maroka upasamanakaari mandutho kalipi unte, eee mandulalo chaalaa varaku lothaina apasmaraka sthithiki mariyu maranaaniki kooda kaaranamavutaayi.
paribhasha.
upasamanakaari" mariyu "hypnotic" anae padaala madhya kontha ativyaapti undhi.
aushadha saastramlo purogati graahakaala yokka marinta nirdishta lakshyanni mariyu agentla yokka ekkuva empikanu anumatinchindi, eee agentlanu mariyu vaati prabhavalanu vivarinchetappudu ekkuva khachitatvam avasaramh
chemical kosh" anae padam.
chemical kosh" (oka club) anae padaanni konnisaarlu balamaina upasamanakaari kosam, mukhyamgaa eee krindi vatiki, prachuryam pondindi
chikitsa upayogam.
baadhaakaramaina ledhaa aandolana kaliginche vidhaanaalaku sambandhinchina roogi aandolananu tagginchadaaniki vaidyulu mariyu pasuvaidyulu tarachugaa rogulaku mattumandulanu istaaru. mattumandulu tamalo taamu noppini tagginchakapoyinappatiki, avi shastrachikitsa kosam rogulanu siddham cheyadamlo analgesiclaku upayogakaramaina anubandhamgaa untaayi, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa rogulaku anaesthetise cheyadaaniki mundu ledhaa cardiac catheterization, colonoscopy ledhaa mri vanti itara atyanta asoukaryamaina mariyu invasive vidhaanaalaku mundu ivvabadataayi.
pramaadaalu.
upasamanam kaliginche aadharapadatam.
konni mattumandulu, chikitsa motaadula vadda kooda, kontha kaalaaniki kramam tappakunda teesukunnappudu manasika mariyu saareeraka aadharapadataanni kaligistaayi. aadhaarapadina viniyogadaarulaku vishraanti lekapovadam mariyu nidralemi nundi muurchalu mariyu maranam varaku upasamharana lakshanaalu raavacchu. viniyogadaarulu maanasikamgaa aadharapadinappudu, vaaru panicheyadaaniki aushadham avasaramani bhaavistaaru, ayithe saareeraka aadharapadatam tappanisarigaa jaragadu, mukhyamgaa swalpakaalika viniyogamtho. rendu rakaala dependenslalo, upasamanakaarini kanugonadam mariyu upayoginchadam jeevitamlo drushti kendramgaa maarutundi. saareeraka mariyu manasika aadharapadatam rendintikee chikitsato chikitsa cheyavachu.
durviniyogam.
aneka mattumandulanu durviniyogam cheyavachu, conny barbiturates mariyu benzodiazipines vaati vistrutamaina vinoda ledhaa vaidyetara upayogam kaaranamgaa mattumandula vaadakamtho chaalaa samasyalaku baadhyata vahistaayi. ottidi, aandolana ledhaa nidralemito vyavaharinchadamlo ibbandi unna vyaktulu mitimeerina vadakam ledhaa mattumandulapai aadhaarapadavachhu. kontamandi heraine viniyogadaarulu vaari aushadhaaniki anubandhamgaa ledhaa daaniki pratyamnaayamgaa vaatini teesukovachhu. uttejakaramaina viniyogadaarulu adhika chikaakuni tagginchadaaniki mattumandulanu teesukovachhu. itarulu vishraanti teesukoovadaaniki mariyu vaari aandolanalanu marchipovadaaniki mattumandulanu vinodaatmakamgaa teesukuntaaru. nivedinchabadina anni maadakadravyaala sambandhita maranaalalo daadaapu moodinta oka vanthu barbiturate overdos oka amsam. veetilo aatmahatyalu mariyu pramaadavasaattu maadakadravyaala vishaprayogaalu unnaayi. nidralo unna, gandaragolamlo unna viniyogadaaru motaadulanu punaraavrutam chesinappudu ledhaa madyamtho mattumandulanu teesukunnappudu konnisaarlu pramaadavasaattu maranaalu sambhavistaayi.
united states nundi oka adhyayanam 2011 loe, upasamana mandulu mariyu hypnotics aasupatri nepadhyamlo kanipinche pratikuula aushadha sanghatanalaku (ades) pradhana vanarugaa unnayani kanugondih pravesam samayamlo unna anni adeslalo sumaru 2.8% mariyu aasupatrilo basa chesetappudu udbhavinchina 4.4% ades upasamana ledhaa hypnotic aushadham valla sambhavinchaayi. rendava adhyayanam mottam 70,982 upasamanakaramaina exposurelu yooki nivedinchabaddaayi.ess. nivedinchabaddaayi.ess visha niyantrana kendraalalo 2310 (3.2%) pedda vishapuuritam mariyu 89 (0.1%) maranaaniki daariteesaayi. mottam prajalalo sagam mandhi yuu looni atyavasara gadullo cheraaru.ess. mattumandula vaidyetara upayogam phalitamgaa, aushadham kosam chattabaddhamaina prescription untundi, conny adhika motaadu teesukunnaru ledhaa madyam ledhaa itara mandulatho kalipi unnaaru.
kontamandi vyaktulalo oohinchani phalitaalaku daariteese mattumandula vaadakamtho kalipi sambhavinche teevramaina viruddha praticharyalu kooda unnaayi. landanlooni institute off psychiatrylo malcum ladder eee aushadhaala swalpakaalika viniyogamlo kooda eee pratikuula praticharyala sambhavam sumaru 5 saatam untundani anchanaa vestunnaru. vairudhya praticharyalalo aatmahatya dhoranulu, bhayalu, dookudu, himsaatmaka pravartana mariyu lakshanaalu konnisaarlu manasika rugmatagaa tappugaa nirdhaarana cheyabadina niraasa undavacchu.
mattumandulu mariyu madyaanni kalapadam valla kalige pramaadaalu.
mattumandulu mariyu madyam konnisaarlu vinodaatmakamgaa ledhaa nirlakshyamgaa militam cheyabadataayi. alkahal anedi medadu paniteerunu mandaginchi, swaasakriyanu tagginche balamaina depressant kabatti, rendu padaarthaalu okadaanikokati charyalanu militam chestaayi mariyu eee kalayika praanaantakam anie niroopistundi.
manasika lakshanaalanu marinta teevrataram cheyadam.
benzodiazipines yokka deerghakaalika upayogam medadupai madyam maadirigaane prabhavanni chuupavachchu, mariyu niraasa, aandolana, post traumatic stress desorder (pii. tii. ess. dii), unmaadam, manasika rugmatalu, nidra rugmatalu, laingika panicheyakapovadam, chittavaikalyam mariyu neuro cognitive rugmatalalo kooda chikkukovacchu (benzodiazipine-prerita nirantara chittavaikalyamtho sahaa, ivi mandulu nilipivesina tarvaata kooda konasaagutaayi). madyam maadirigaane, serotonin mariyu norpinefrine sthaayilu taggadam vanti neuro chemistrypy benzodiazipine yokka prabhavalu, manasika sthithi mariyu aandolanapai vaati prabhaavaalaku kaaranamani nammutaaru. adanamgaa, benzodiazipines parokshamgaa itara manasika lakshanaalanu kaliginchavacchu ledhaa marinta digajaarchavacchu (udhaa.zii.manasika sthithi, aandolana, manasika rugmata, chiraaku) nidranu marinta digajaarchadam dwara (i.ii., benzodiazipine-prerita nidra rugmata). madyam maadirigaane, benzodiazipines saadhaaranamgaa swalpakaalika nidralemiki chikitsa cheyadaaniki upayogistaaru (suuchimchina mariyu sweeya-mandulu rendoo), conny deerghakaalikamgaa nidranu marinta digajaarchutaayi. benzodiazipines prajalanu nidrapoyela chestaayi, avi nidra nirmaanaaniki antaraayam kaligistayih nidra samayanni tagginchadam, nidra tirigi raavadaaniki samayanni alasyam cheyadam mariyu lothaina nemmadigaa nidrapovadam (shakti mariyu manasika sthithi rendintikee nidralo atyanta punaruddharanaatmaka bhaagam).
chittavaikalyam.
chittavaikalyam unnavaarilo mattumandulu mariyu hypnotics nivaarinchaali, chittavaikalyam pramaanaalalo saha-anaarogya aarogya paristhitulaku aushadhaala samuchita sadhanam prakaram. eee mandula vadakam chittavaikalyam unna vyaktulaku abhignaa paniteerunu marinta addukuntundi, vaaru mandula dushprabhaavaalaku kooda marinta sunnitamgaa untaaru.
smruti lopam.
mattumandulu konnisaarlu rogiki deerghakaalika ledhaa swalpakaalika smruti lopam kaliginchavacchu.
lorazepam anedi anterograde amnesiaku kaaranamayye atuvanti aushadha agentlalo okati. ekkuva kaalam paatu, saadhaaranamgaa aivi drip dwara adhika motaadulanu sweekarinche intensive cair unit rogulu, ituvanti dushprabhaavaalanu anubhavinche avakaasam ekkuvagaa untundi.
adanamgaa, trankiliserlanu sudeerghakaalam upayoginchadam valla obsessive mariyu compulsive desorder pramaadaanni penchutundi, ikkada vyakti taanu schedule chesina karyakalapalanu nirvahinchaado ledho teliyaka, athanu punaraavrutamgaa panulanu kooda cheyavachu mariyu nirantara sandehaalanu teerchadaaniki prayatnistunna adhe panini tirigi cheyavachu. intakumundu telisina paerlanu gurthunchukovadam anedi ghnaapakasakti nashtam spashtamgaa kanipinche samasyaga maarutundi.
nishedham mariyu neeraalu.
mattumandulu-saadhaaranamgaa madyam, conny ghab, flunitrazipam (rohypenol), mariyu kontavaraku, temazipam (restoril), mariyu midazolam (paandityamu)-thedhee rape drugs (miki anie kooda pilustaaru) gaa upayoginchadam mariyu baadhitula rakshananu tagginchadaaniki baarlalo ledhaa paarteelalo atithulaku anumaaninchani poeshakulaku ivvabadatam nivedinchabaddaayi. eee mandulanu prajalanu dochukovadaniki kooda upayogistaaru.
ganaanka avalokanaalu prajalanu dochukovadaniki mattumandu-mudi paaneeyaalanu upayoginchadam vaastavaaniki atyaachaaram kosam upayoginchadam kante chaalaa saadhaaranam anie suuchistunnaayi. neeraalaku palpade mundu nerasthulu tamanu taamu rohypenol teesukune kesulu kooda nivedinchabaddaayi, endukante aushadham nundi nirodhaalu kolpovadam valla neeraaniki palpade vaari vishwaasaanni penchavacchu, mariyu aushadham dwara utpatti cheyabadina smrutibhramsamu vaaru pattubadithe vaarini prasninchadam pooliisulaku kashtataram chestundi.

