
mamluk raajavamsam (iraq)

mesopotamia yokka mamluk raajavamsam () 18va mariyu 19va sataabdaala praarambhamlo iraaknu paalinchina georgian mamluk muulaaniki chendina raajavamsam.
ottoman saamrajyamlo, maamluklu islam matamloki maarina, pratyeka paatasaalalo sikshana pondina, aapai sainika, paripalana vidhulaku ketayinchabadina svaechchaayutulu. atuvanti maamluklu 1704 nundi 1831 varaku ottoman iraakku adhyakshata vahinchaaru.
pradhanamgaa georgian mariyu circassian muulaaniki chendina caucassian adhikaarula nundi vacchina mamluk paalaka unnatavargam, tama ottoman adhipatula nundi svayampratipattini nokki cheppadamlo vijayam saadhinchindi mariyu eee praantamloo kramaanni mariyu kontha aardhika sreyassunu punaruddharinchindi. ottomanlu 1831loe mamluk palananu padagotti, kramamga iraakpai tama pratyaksha palananu vidhinchaaru, idhi modati prapancha yuddham varaku konasaagindi, ayinappatikee iraaklo maamluklu aadhipatya saamaajika-raajakeeya saktigaa konasagaru, bagdadloni mukhyamaina paripalana sibbandi chaalaa mandhi maajee mamluk kutumbaala nundi vacchaaru ledhaa mamluk kaalamlo pramukha vargamlooni cross-sekshannu kaligi unnaaru.
nepathyam.
mamlukla perugudalaku mundhe iraq eppuduu ottoman paripalana vyavasthalo puurtigaa vileenam kaaledu. mosul praavinsnu timar vyavastha kinda unchaaru, ikkada aswikadalam adhikaarulaku pannulu vesevaaru. baghdad mariyu basraalanu salyan vyavasthagaa unchaaru, ikkada pannulanu governorla varaku vistarinchevaaru. iranto nirantara yuddham ottoman niyantrananu marinta balaheenaparichindi. 1700la natiki eee samasya marinta digajaarindi.
18va sataabdam praarambhamlo constantinople mariyu baghdad rendintiloonuu mukhyamaina maarpulu jarigaayi. sultan ahmed III (1703-30) paalana rajadhanilo saapeksha raajakeeya sthirathvam mariyu vistrutamaina samskaranala dwara gurtinchabadindi-vaatilo konni european namuunaalachae prabhaavitamayyaayi-tulip kaalamlo grand wazir brahim pasha amalu chesaaru.
munupati rendu sataabdaala maadirigaane, iraq pratyarthi ottoman saamrajyam mariyu safavid saamrajyam madhya yuddhabhoomigaa konasaagindi. eee praantam tarachugaa antar-kula pooraataalatoo kooda baadhapadindi.
husson pasha raajavamsam.
maamluklu baghdad, basra, shahrizor yokka pasaaliklanu paripaalinchaaru. mosul yokka pasaaliknu iraq jalili raajavamsam paalinchindi. 
husson pasha (1704-1723).
baghdadlo, constantinople nundi pampabadina georgian muulaaniki chendina ottoman governor husson pasha (<unk>), mariyu athani kumarudu ahmed pasha (1723-47) georgian mamluk kutumbaanni sthaapinchaaru, dheeni dwara vaaru adhikaranni viniyoginchukunnaaru mariyu praavinsnu paripaalinchaaru.
ahmed pasha (1723-1747).
husson kumarudu, varasudu ahmed (), maamluklanu niyaminchadam konasaginchi, vaarini keelaka paripalana, sainika sthaanaalaku padoonnati icchaaru. husson mariyu ahmed iddaroo asaantigala tegalanu arikattadam dwara mariyu sthiramaina prajalalo khazanaku sthiramaina pannula pravahanni pondadam dwara alaage iraq yokka safavidlu mariyu afsharidla nundi maroe sainika muppu nundi iraaknu rakshinchadam dwara ottoman naukaasrayaaniki viluvaina seva chesaaru.
1747loe ahmed pasha maraninche samayaniki, athani maamluklu daadaapu 2,000 mandhi purushulatho ("georgian gaardu") saktivantamaina, sweeya-shaashwata unnata dalaalugaa vyavastheekarinchabaddaayi. ahmed maranam taruvaata, sultan eee maamluklu adhikaram chepattakunda nirodhinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu mariyu oka bayati vyaktini baghdadlo thana valeegaa pampaadu. ayithe, appatike basra baadhyata vahistunna ahmed alludu suleiman abu laila, baghdad meeda thana georgian gaardu naayakatvamlo kavaatu chesi, ottoman administratornu tolaginchi, tadwara iraaklo 84 samvatsaraala mamluk palananu praarambhinchaadu.
suleiman abu laila pasha (1749-1762).
1750 natiki, suleiman abu laila baghdadlo tiruguleni guruvugaa sthirapaddaadu mariyu iraq yokka modati mamluk pasha gaa port chetha gurtinchabaddadu. kottagaa sthaapinchabadina paalana ottoman prabhutvam nundi marinta svayampratipattini pondadaaniki mariyu arab mariyu kurdish tegala pratighatananu arikattadaaniki oka pracharanni praarambhinchindi. vaaru dakshinaana all-muntafiq bedirimpulanu edurkogaligaaru mariyu basranu tama niyantranaloki teesukuvacchaaru. vaaru omani mariyu european vaanijyaanni prothsahinchaaru mariyu 1763loe basraalo oka agencyni sthaapinchadaaniki british eest india companyni anumatinchaaru.
omar pasha (1762-1776).
ayithe, mamluk paalana vijayalu ippatikee iraaklooni vaari ottoman aadhipatyulu mariyu mataparamaina unnatavargaalato sahakarinchagala vaari saamardhyampai aadharapadi unnaayi. baghdad yokka tirugubaatu pasaalanu tolaginchadaaniki portlu konnisaarlu balagalanu upayoginchaaru, conny maamluklu pasalik meeda tama pattunu konasaginchagaligaru, alaage vaari domainlanu kooda vistarinchaaru. ayithe, vaaru kramabaddhamaina vaarasatva vyavasthanu bhadraparachadamlo viphalamayyaru, kramamga pratyarthi mamluk kutumbaalu erpadatam valla vargavaadam, tarachugaa adhikara poraataalu jarigaayi. mamluk palanaku maroe pradhana muppu iraan nundi vachindi, dheeni punarutthaanam palakudu karim khaan iraakpai daadi chesi, 1776loe mamluk general suleiman aagaa icchina sudeerghamaina mariyu mondi pattudalagala pratighatana taruvaata thana sodarudu sadiq khaannu basraalo sthaapinchaadu. portu sankshobhaanni dopidi cheyadaaniki twarapadi, omer pasha () sthaanamlo mamluk kaani vyaktini niyaminchaadu, athanu kramaanni kapadukolekapoyadu.
suleiman pasha dhi grate (1780-1802).
1779loe, suleiman dhi grate () shirajlo thana bahishkarana nundi tirigi vacchi 1780loe baghdad, basra mariyu shahrizor governorga baadhyatalu chepattadu. eee suleiman pasha nuu "byuk" (turkish bhaashalo "goppa") anie pilustaaru, mariyu athani paalana (1780-1802) modata samarthavantamgaa undedi, conny athanu peddayyaaka balaheenapadindi. athanu thana vamsaanni balopetam cheyadaaniki pedda sankhyalo georgianlanu digumati chesukunnadu, vargabaddhamaina mamluk kutumbaalapai thana aadhipatyaanni nokkicheppadu mariyu jaanissareela prabhavanni parimitam chesaadu. athanu aardhika vyavasthanu pempondinchaadu mariyu airopatho vaanijyam mariyu doutyaanni prothsahinchadam konasaginchadu, idhi 1798loe baghdadlo shaashwata british agentnu niyaminchadaaniki suleiman anumati icchinappudu pedda prothsaahaanni pondindi. ayithe, tirugubaatudaarulanu krooramgaa anachivesinappatiki, uttara iraaklooni arab tegalaku vyatiraekamgaa ayana poraatam takkuvagaa undhi.
allie pasha (1802-1807).
1802loe suleiman pasha dhi grate maranam taruvaata, allie pasha, jaanissareela ahmed aagaa nayakudu, mariyu selim aagaa madhya adhikara poraatam jarigindi, dheenini allie pasha () geluchukunnadu, vaari jantuvula dwara kappam chellinchina kurdish tegalanu kramasikshana cheyadaaniki oka pracharanni praarambhinchaadu, taruvaata sinjarlo yaajidila tirugubaatunu anichivesaadu, taruvaata thaal afarku velli, mohammed baeg all shaavi mariyu athani sodarudini arrestu chesi, vaari patla satrutvam kaaranamgaa, vaariddarinii uriteesaadu, aapai akkada gandaragolaanni anachiveyadaaniki baghdadku tirigi vacchaadu.
allie pasha 1803 mariyu 1806loe nazaf mariyu hilaaku vyatiraekamgaa wahabi daadulanu tippikottaadu, conny edaaripai vaari aadhipatyaanni savaalu cheyadamlo viphalamayyaadu.
allie pasha 1807loe mother baeg all abadi mariyu athani anucharulu atanipai vyaktigata dvesham kaaranamgaa hatya cheyabaddaadu, allie praardhistunnappudu, kattitoe podichi, vaaru modata tappinchukunnaaru, kaani vaari mrutadehaalanu baghdadku pampinchi, arrestu chesi champabaddaru.
suleiman pasha dhi little (1807-1810).
1807loe allie hatya taruvaata, athani menalludu suleiman pasha chinnavadu prabhutvaanni chepattadu. praantiiya svayampratipattini tagginchadaaniki moggu chuupina sultan rendava mahmood (1808-39) 1810loe baghdad nundi maamluklanu tarimikottadaaniki thana modati prayatnam chesaadu. ottoman dalaalu sulemaannu tolaginchi champai, conny mallee desampai niyantrananu konasaginchadamlo viphalamayyayi. 1816loe maroe teevramaina antargata vairam taruvaata, suleiman saktivantamaina alludu davood pasha thana pratyarthi pasha (1813-16) nuu tolaginchi baghdadnu swaadheenam chesukunnadu. ottoman prabhutvam ayishtamgaane athani adhikaranni gurtinchindi.
davood pasha (1816-1831).
davood pasha () iraq yokka mamluk paalakulalo chivarivadu. kaaluvalanu tolaginchadam, parisramalanu sthaapinchadam, european bodhakula sahayamtho sainyanni samskarinchadam mariyu printing presnu sthaapinchadam vanti mukhyamaina aadhuneekarana kaaryakramaalanu davood pasha praarambhinchaadu. athanu thana aasthaanamlo vistrutamaina aadambaranni, paristhitulanu konasaginchadu. arab thegalatho saadhaarana samasyalu mariyu sheklatho antargata vibhedaalato paatu, athanu kurdsto marinta teevramaina poraatamlo palgonnadu mariyu kurdish raajyamaina babanlo prabhaavampai iranto sangharshanhalo palgonnadu. eee vivaadam iraakpai iraan dandayaatra mariyu 1818loe suleimania aakramanato mugisindi. taruvaata, davood pasha 1826loe constantinople vadda jaanissareelanu naasanam cheyadaanni pettubadiga teesukunnadu mariyu jaanissareelanu swatantra sthaanika dalamgaa tolaginchaadu.
intalo, eejiptuku chendina mohammed allie pasha ottoman syrianu swaadheenam chesukovadam praarambhinchinappudu, sthiramaina prajala vadda deerghakaala aandolanaku muulamaina iraaklo swayampratipatti paalana uniki portuku marinta pramaadakaramgaa maarindi. 1830loe sultan davood pasha tolagimpunu aadesinchaadu, conny aaa aadesaanni mostunna dhoothanu baghdad vadda arrestu chesi uriteesaaru. 1831loe allie riza pasha aadhvaryamlo ottoman sainyam aleppo nundi iraq loki kavaatu chesindi. varadalu mariyu bubonic plaegu mahammaritho naasanamaina baghdad, padhi vaaraala paatu digbandham taruvaata longipoyadu, idhi saamuuhika karuvuku kaaranamaindi. iraaklooni sthaanika mataachaaryula vyatiraekatanu edurkonna davood pasha ottomanlaku longipoyi, anukuulamgaa vyavaharinchabaddaadu. ayana madiinaalooni aalayaaniki samrakshakudigaa unnappudu 1851loe ayana jeevitam mugisindi. 1831loe baghdadlo sultan kotta governor raaka iraaklo pratyaksha ottoman paalana praarambhaaniki sanketam.
kotta ottoman governor, allie ridha pasha, chivari mamluk pasha tolaginchabadina tarvaata kooda baghdadlo ippatikee vistrutamgaa unna mamluk unikini angeekarinchavalasi vachindi. taruvaata athanu maajee mamluk governor suleiman pasha chinna kumartenu (1807-1810) vivaham chesukunnadu.

