
georg mogridge (rachayita)

georg mogridge (17 fibravari 1787-2 november 1854) 19va sataabdapu rachayita, kavi mariyu pillala pustakaalu mariyu mataparamaina maargaala rachayita. athanu pradhanamgaa paatha humphrey anae maaruperuto piluvabaddadu, eee paerutoe athanu 46 rachanalanu prachurinchaadu, conny "jeremi jont", "ephraim holding", "peater parly" mariyu "old father thames" anae kalam paerlanu kooda upayoginchaadu. ayana sumaru 200 prachurita rachanalu raasaaru, vaatilo chaalaa varaku netikee prachuranalo unnaayi, mariyu ayana maraninche samayaniki ayana rachanala yokka 15 million kaapeelu chelaamanilo unnayani anchanaa veyabadindi.
jeevita charitra.
prarambha jeevitam.
georg mogridge 17 fibravari 1787naa birminghamloni ashted loe janminchaadu, athanu mathias mogridge kumarudu, oka kaaluva agent. athani taata, anthony mogridge, vorcestershireloni kimboltonku vikar. athani maama, zaan phillips kooda oka vikar, kabatti georg yokka taruvaati rachanalanu prabhaavitam chese balamaina mataparamaina dhoranulu aaa kutumbaaniki undevi. athani snehitudu mariyu jeevitacharitrakaarudu charless villiams, georg, chinnatanamlo, 'tananu taanu aakraminchukovadam mariyu vinodaparachukovadam' neerpinchabaddaadani paerkonnaadu, idhi atanni gamanimpabadani, sthaanika bhavana sthalaanni anveshinchadaaniki daariteesindi, akkada athanu kottagaa tavvina punaadulloki padi, athani nuditipai oka macchatho atanini vadilivesadu, idhi athanu thana jeevitaantam bharinchagaladu.
chinnatanamlo athanu graamamlooni daam paatasaalaku hajarayyadu, taruvaata athanu santoshamgaa laeni bromgrove looni borkot paatasaalalo cheraadu. oka vyakti munigipovadaanni chusina taruvaata athanu eetha kottadam neerpinchaadu, chivariki idhe vidhamaina vidhi nundi thoti vidyaarthini rakshinchadaaniki eee naipunyaanni upayoginchaadu.
14 samvatsaraala vayassulo athanu birminghamlo oka japannar (warnisher) kuu sikshana pondaadu, chivariki thana sodarudito kalisi birminghamloni lancaster streetlo thana sonta japaning vyapaaraanni praarambhinchaadu.
vayojana jeevitam.
1812loe athanu elizabeth bloomernu vivaham chesukunnadu, aame ataniki iddaru kumaarulu mariyu oka kumartenu kaninchindi. elizabeth 1822loe maraninchindi, moodu samvatsaraala taruvaata athanu maerii ridsdalenu vivaham chesukunnadu, ataniki maroe kumarudu janminchaadu. maerii "desheeya chirunamalu" anae pustakaanni rachinchi, mogridge yokka aneka rachanalanu savarinchindi.
1826loe mogridge yokka japaning vyaparam kuppakoolindi, athanu jeevanopaadhi kosam puurti samayam rayadam praarambhinchaadu. athanu thana rachana dwara taginantagaa jeevinchalekapoyadu, mariyu 1828loe anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa mogridge aardhika ibbandullo padipoyindi. eee samayaniki athanu mataparamaina samajam kosam mataparamaina karapatraalanu vraayadaaniki oka oppandamloki pravesinchaadu, vaaru athani ibbandula dwara ataniki maddatu ivvadaaniki pinchanu andinchadaaniki angeekarinchaaru. 
konni samvatsaraala taruvaata, raani victoria, thana mariyu aame bhartha prins albert vaedukagaa raasina kavitalatoe pogadtalatho, eee pinchanu ivvadaaniki angeekarinchindi.
mataparamaina samaajamtho athani oppandam londonku vellaalsina avasaram erpadindi, dheenilo birminghamlo unna athani bhaarya nundi sudeerghamgaa vidipoyaaru, conny chaalaa nelala taruvaata, mariyu snehitulu mariyu paatakula nundi aardhika maddatutoe, athanu landanlooni king landlo oka aastini swaadheenam chesukogaligadu, akkada athani bhaarya mariyu kutumbam chivariki athanitho cheraaru.
mogridge appatike 1833 natiki prasiddha mariyu phalavantamaina rachayita, athanu mataparamaina samajam kosam pillala pustakaala shrenini rachinchinanduku "old humphrey" anae maaruperunu enchukunnadu. athanu eee paerutoe 46 tractlanu vraastaadu, pillalanu kraistava alavaatlu mariyu naitikatalaloki oppinche lakshyamtho, mariyu athanu "paatha humphrey" gaa baga gurthunchukobaddadu.
chivari anaaroogyam mariyu maranam.
1851loe mogridge athani cheelamandanu ubbivesi, kolukunna samayamlo athani aarogyam marinta ksheeninchindi, idhi athani jeevitaantam atanni baadhinchindi. vaidya salaha meraku athanu london vadili 6 hye wicom, hustings, sussex vadda oka intini teesukunnadu, akkada athanu thana jeevitaantam nivasinchaadu, mariyu athanu aaa pattanaanni premistuu, akkada thana samayamlo "hustings vadda paatha humphrey" anie vrasadu. athanu 1854 november 2naa thana bhaaryatho kalisi thana mancham pakkana, hastingslo maraninchaadu, mariyu thana sonta abhyardhana meraku, anni saints charchi, hastingslo godaku vyatiraekamgaa khananam cheyabaddaadu. athani samadhi thana matha vishwaasaalanu nokki chebutundi. ayana maraninche samayaniki prapanchavyaaptamgaa ayana rachanala yokka 15 millionlaku paiga kaapeelu ammudayyaayani mataparamaina maarga samajam anchanaa vesindi, inca ayana vraatapraantaalalo chaalaa varaku netikee mudranalo unnaayi.
ayana maraninchina ventane, ayana rachanala paatakulu 'paatha humphrey' maraninchina gadini chuudataaniki hastings velladamtho, hastings vadda unna ayana illu kontakaalam paryataka aakarshanagaa maarindi. inti godapai unna oka phalakam akkada athani nivasanni namodu chestundi, mariyu athani inti nundi koddi dhooram nadiche paatha pattana praantamlooni oka veedhiki athani gouravaartham "old humphrey avenue" anie paeru pettaru.
ayana maraninchina koddikaalaanike ayana jeevitaaniki sambandhinchina rendu jeevita charitralu kanipinchaayi, okati, mukhyamgaa ullaasabharitamainadi, athani sannihita snehitudu charless villiams raasinadi, marokati mataparamaina samajam spaansar chesinadi.
saahitya vrutti.
mogridge paatasaalalo unnappudu thana sonta vinodam kosam kavitalu mariyu chinna kathanaalu rayadam praarambhinchaadu. taruvaata, thana apprenticeship samvatsaraalalo, athanu birminghamloni colmore varusalo nivasinchina oka phalavantamaina mariyu prajaadarana pondina (ippudu ekkuvagaa marchipoyinappatiki) kavi ayina shamyul jackson praatnu parichayam chesaadu. mogridge thana rachanalaku prut udaaharanalanu choopinchaadu mariyu taruvaatidi prachurana kosam rayadam praarambhinchamani atanni prothsahinchindi.
"jerami jont".
thana khaalii samayamlo, mogridge, prut chetha prothsahinchabadi, "jeremi jont" (smalpox scarsto badhapaduthunna vruddhudu, thana jeevitamantaa birminghamlo nivasinchina vyakti) anae maaruperuto "dhi birmingham und litchfield chronicle" kuu varusa lekhalu mariyu kathanaalanu vraasi samarpinchaadu. veetini aamodinchi, "sthaanika parambulations" anie piluvabade vaarapatrikagaa marcharu. prarambha colums pradhanamgaa birminghamlo merugudalala avasaranni vivarinchaayi, conny taruvaati samvatsaraallo banisatva vyatiraeka udyamaaniki maddatu vyaktam cheyadamtho sahaa marinta vistrutamaina vishayalanu kooda parishkarinchaayi.
"thamus braun".
birminghamlo unna samayamlo, mogridge oka bandhuvutho kalisi nagaranni dushtatvam mariyu anaitikatagaa bhaavinche vaatini vadilinchukovadaaniki pracharam chesaadu. oka nirdishta lakshyam 'asleela' jaanapada gaathalu, ivi nagara veedhullo prachurinchabaddaayi mariyu vikrayinchabaddaayi. asleela jaanapada kathala prati kaapeeni konugolu chesi vaatini naasanam cheyadam, inca marinni kaapeelanu mudrinchadam aapamani prachuranakartalanu oppinchadam mogridge lakshyam. prachuranakartalu, sahajamgaane, athani abhyardhananu tiraskarinchaaru, kabatti mogridge thana sonta yakshagananni, asleela jaanapada kathala shaililo mariyu meterlo, conny naitika mariyu mataparamaina amsampai vraayaalani nirnayinchukunnadu. idhi athani modati mataparamaina grandham, "thamus braun" (puurti sheershikah "sabbat-breaker releam cheyabadindihi ledhaa thamus braun yokka aahlaadakaramaina charitra, padyamloo") prachuranaku daariteesindi. aadivaaram naadu charchiki velladam nirlakshyam cheyadam valla thana pedarikam, dukkham unnayani grahinchina oka paedha, tagubotu, durbharamaina vyakti kathanu eee yakshaganam chebutundi. "thamus braun" takshaname vijayam saadhinchindi mariyu vaelaadi kaapeelu ammudayyayi; oka vyakti london veedhullo dabbu kosam, nirantaraayamgaa "thamus braun" padatam dwara thana mottam jeevanopaadhini pondaadani mogridge jeevitacharitrakaarudu namodu chesaadu.
"paatha humprey".
1833loe, mataparamaina samajam vaarapatrika, "varapu sandarsakudu" nuu jaarii cheyadam praarambhinchindi mariyu "prajaadarana pondina paddhatiloo pariganinchabade vividha suparichitamaina vishayaalapai vyasalanu" andinchadaaniki mogridgenu aahvaaninchindi."mogridge veetini kotta kalam paerutoe" "paatha humphrey" "anie vraayadaaniki enchukunnadu". athanu modata "paatha humphrey" anae paerunu oka maaruperu kante ekkuva undakudadani bhaavinchaadu, conny vyasala oohinchani prajaadaranhatho, prajalu tvaralo "paatha humphrey" gurinchi marinta telusukovadaaniki aasakti chuupaaru, mariyu rachayita yokka gurtimpu patrikalalo prajaadarana pondina oohaagaanaalaku sambandhinchina vishayamgaa maarindi. dheeniki pratispandanagaa mogridge thana maaruperunu oka vruddhudi paathratho, dayagala peddamanishi paathratho, oka kaagitam yokka vyaasaaniki pratispandistuu, "paatha humphrey evaru?"oka niguudamaina vivaranhatho,
paatha humphrey' vyasalu prajalalo entha prachuryam pondayo, chivariki iravai samvatsaraala kaalamlo aaa paerutoe 46 kathanaalu mariyu pustakaalu vraayadaaniki mogridge vachindi, veetilo "paatha humphrey pariseelanalu" mariyu "paatha humphrey yokka yeka vishayaalapai pithee peparlu" unnaayi. 
paatha humphrey' pustakaalu chaalaa varaku pillalanu lakshyamgaa chesukuni, aadivaaram paatasaalallo prajaadarana pondina 'bahumatulu' gaa undevi.
itara rachanalu.
mogridge thana sudeergha kereerlo "ankul aadam", "old alan gray", "ephraim holding", "ankul newbury", "attha newbury", "old father thames", "taata gregori", "grandmamma gilbert", "attha upton", "amos armfield", "godfrey gilbert" mariyu "peater parly"-aaa paerutoe raasina american rachayita ayina shamyul griswold goodrich thoo kooda atanini sangharshanhaloki teesukuvacchaaru.
mogridge thana sonta paerutoe yaabhai pustakaalu kooda raasaadu, veetilo "dhi juvenile aparaadhi" (1829) mariyu "dhi charchi yard geetha rachayita" (1832) unnaayi. oka aasaktigala yaatrikudu mariyu nadichevaadu, athanu thana prayaanaala aadhaaramgaa "white dveepamlo tiragadam" (1846) vanti aneka prayaana pustakaalanu kooda prachurinchaadu.

