vilium beeb

charless vilium beeb (juulai 29,1877-juun 4,1962) oka american prakruti shaastravetta, pakshula shaastravetta, samudra jeevasaastravetta, keetaka shaastravetta, anveshakudu mariyu rachayita. newyork zoological society kosam ayana nirvahinchina aneka dandayaatralu, snaanabhoomilo ayana chesina lothaina dives, vidyaaparamaina, prajaadarana pondina prekshakula kosam ayana chesina phalavantamaina shaastreeya rachanalaku gaanu ayana gurthundipotharu.
newyorkloni brooklinlo janminchi, newjerseelooni eest aurange loe perigina beeb, appati kottagaa praarambhinchina newyork zoological paarkulo panicheyadaaniki degree pondadaaniki mundu kalaasaalanu vidichipettadu, akkada ataniki jantupradarsanasaala pakshulanu chusukovadam baadhyata ivvabadindi. jantupradarsanasaala kosam thana paniloo athanu twaragaa tananu taanu vaeru chesukunnadu, modata daani pakshula janabha kosam aavasalanu roopondinchadamlo thana naipunhyamtho, mariyu tvaralo prapanchamlooni nemallanu document cheyadaaniki prapanchavyaaptamgaa dandayaatratho sahaa perugutunna podavu yokka parisoedhanaa yaatrala shrenitho kooda. eee dandayaatralu prajaadarana pondina mariyu vidya prekshakulaku pedda mottamlo rachanalaku aadharam ayyayi, indulo "eah monograph off dhi pheasants" anae paerutoe athani nemali dandayaatra yokka kathanam 1918 nundi 1922 varaku naalugu samputaalugaa prachurinchabadindi. athani dandayaatralapai nirvahinchina parisoedhanaku gurtimpugaa, ataniki tufts mariyu colgate vishwavidyaalayam nundi gourava doctoratelu pradaanam cheyabaddaayi.
thana dandayaatrala samayamlo, beeb kramamga samudra jeevasaastrampai aasaktini penchukunnadu, chivariki chivariki bermuda teeramlo daani aavishkarta otis barton thoo paatu batisfeerlo thana divesku daariteesindi. oka jeevasaastravetta lothaina samudra jantuvulanu vaati sthaanika vaataavaranamloo gamaninchadam idhe modatisaari mariyu manavudu ippativaraku chesina lothaina dive kosam aneka varusa recordulanu nelakolpaaru, veetilo lotainadi 15 samvatsaraala taruvaata barton dwara vichchinnam ayye varaku nilichindi. thana snaanagola dives taruvaata, beeb ushnamandala praantaalaku tirigi vacchi keetakaala pravartanapai thana adhyayananni kendrikarinchadam praarambhinchaadu. piluvabadindi ayana trinidad mariyu tobagolo oka ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendraanni sthaapinchaaru, dheeniki ayana simla anie paeru pettaru, idhi aasaa rait prakruti kendramlo bhaagamgaa panichestondi. kendram 84 samvatsaraala vayasulo pneumoniatho maraninche varaku simla vadda beeb parisoedhana konasaagindi.
vilium beeb paryaavarana shaastra ranga sthaapakullo okarigaa, alaage 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo parirakshanaku pradhana maddatudaarulalo okarigaa pariganinchabaddaadu. pakshula parinaamam gurinchi ayana pratipaadinchina aneka siddhaantaalaku kooda ayana gurthundipotharu, ivi ippudu vaari kaalaaniki mundugaane unnayani bhaavinchabadutunnaayi, mukhyamgaa pakshi eguravese parinaamam naalugu rekkala ledhaa "tetrapterics" dasha gundaa saagindani 1915 loe ayana chesina parikalpana, dheeniki maddatu 2003 loe "microraptor gui" aavishkarana dwara labhinchindi.
jeevita charitra.
prarambha jeevitam mariyu vidya.
charless vilium beeb newyorkloni brooklinlo vaartaapatrika executive charless beeb kumarudiga janminchaadu. konni muulaalu atanni ekaika santaanamgaa varninchinappatikii, ataniki zaan anae tammudu unnadu, athanu baalyamlone maraninchaadu. athani jeevitam praarambhamlo, athani kutumbam eest aurange, newjerseeki maarindi, akkada athanu sahaja prapancham patla thana aakarshananu mariyu athanu chusina pratidaanni record chese dhorani rendintinee pondadam praarambhinchaadu. beeb janminchina samvatsaraanni praarambhinchina american museum off natural history, beeb yokka prakruti premanu pempondinchindi mariyu atanipai prarambha prabhavam choopindi.
1891 septembarulo beeb eest aurange unnata paatasaalalo chadavadam praarambhinchaadu. beeb 1915 varaku thana modati paeru chaarlesnu adhikarikamga vadulukokapoyinappatiki, unnata paatasaalaku velle mundu atanni appatike saadhaaranamgaa "vilium beeb" anie pilicheevaaru, endukante eee samayam nundi athanu piluvabaddadu. thana unnata paatasaala samvatsaraallo beeb jantuvulanu sekarinchadampai aasaktini penchukunnadu, mukhyamgaa padahaaru samvatsaraala vayassulo thana modati tupaakeeni pondina taruvaata, vaatini samrakshinchadaaniki taxidermylo sikshana pondaadu. athanu thana kosam oka namuunaanu sekarinchalekapoyinappudu, athanu tarachugaa latin anie piluvabade sarafara samstha nundi ledhaa itara kalektarlatho vyaparam cheyadam dwara daanini pondaadu. beeb yokka modati vyaasam athanu haiskoollo unnappudu prachurinchabadindi, idhi braun creeper anae pakshi yokka vivarana, idhi "harpers young peepul" patrika yokka janavari 1895 sanchikalo kanipinchindi.
kanipinchindi columbia vishwavidhyaalayamlo beebnu adhunaatana placementto aamodinchaaru. vishwavidhyaalayaaniki hajarainappudu, beeb tarachugaa thana samayanni vishwavidyaalayam mariyu american museum off natural history madhya panchukunnadu, veerilo chaalaa mandhi parisoedhakulu columbialo professorlugaa kooda unnaaru. columbialo athanu henry fairfield osborne aadhvaryamlo chaduvukunnadu, mariyu athanitho sannihita sambandhaanni penchukunnadu, idhi idhi osborne maranam varaku konasaagindi.
columbialo chaduvutunnappudu, beeb thana professorlu tananu mariyu aneka mandhi thoti vidyaarthulanu nova skotiaku parisoedhana paryatanalu cheyadaaniki spaansar cheyamani oppinchaadu, akkada athanu sekarinche thana abhiruchini konasaginchadu, alaage pakshulu mariyu itara jantuvula drushyaalanu gamaninchadaaniki kashtamgaa unna drushyaalanu chithreekarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu. eee dandayaatrala nundi beeb yokka aneka chaayaachitraalanu columbia professorlu vaari upanyaasaala samayamlo slideluga upayoginchadaaniki konugolu chesaaru. eee paryatanala samayamlo, beeb puudika tolagimpupai kooda aasaktini penchukunnadu, neeti aduguna lothugaa nivasinche jantuvulanu laagadaaniki valalu upayoginchadam mariyu avi chanipoye mundu ledhaa vichchinnamayye mundu vaatini adhyayanam cheyadaaniki prayatninchadam. columbia nundi degree pondadaaniki beeb ennadoo darakhaastu chesukoledu, ayithe samvatsaraala taruvaata ataniki tufts mariyu colgate vishwavidyaalayam nundi gourava doctoratelu manjuru cheyabaddaayi.
branks jantupradarsanasaalalo udyogam.
november november, fraank chapman american pakshula saastravettala unionlo associate sabhyudiga maaradaaniki beebnu spaansar chesaadu, marusati nelaloo beeb thana modati vruttiparamaina upanyasanni ankul clarence bergen point culture club anae samaajaaniki pakshi saastrampai icchaadu. icchaadu, columbia nundi ganitam minaha sains loe degreeki avasaramaina anni korsulanu puurti chesinappatiki, newyork zoological paarkulo panicheyadaaniki osborne nundi aahvanaaniki anukuulamgaa thana chaduvunu vadulukovalani nirnayinchukunnadu. jantupradarsanasaalalo bhaagam kavadam patla unna utsaaham, athani chaduvulu athani kutumba aardhika paristhitulapai chaalaa ottidi testunnayane bhavana rendintitho sahaa aneka amsaalu eee nirnayaaniki dohadapaddayi.
 osborne beebnu pakshula shaastram yokka sahayaka curator padaviki niyaminchaaru. sahayaka samrakshakudigaa, jantupradarsanasaala pakshula janabhanu nilabettukodaniki vaati pempakam mariyu pempakam athani pradhana udyogaalalo okati. beeb pakshulaku veelainanta ekkuva sthalam ivvadaaniki chaalaa praamukhyata icchaadu mariyu football maidaanam parimaanamlo "egire panjaram" nirminchaalani pratipaadinchaadu. idhi chivariki nirminchabadindi, ayithe beeb modata abhyardhinchina parimaanamlo sagam kante takkuva parimaanamlo undhi. beeb yokka egire panjaram pakshula avasaraalapai sarikani avagaahanapai aadharapadi undani vimarsinchabadinappatiki, idhi chivariki chaalaa vijayavantamaindi.
vijayavantamaindi, beeb jantupradarsanasaala kosam thana modati dandayaatralo nova skotiaku tirigi vacchaadu, alala kolanulanu sodhinchadam dwara mariyu adanapu puudikatoe samudra jantuvulanu sekarinchaalane uddesyamto. marusati samvatsaram athanu assistant curator nundi puurti curator hodaaku padoonnati pondaadu, eee padavini athanu 1918 varaku nirvahinchaadu. aaa taruvaata athanu 1919 nundi 1962 varaku gourava curator gaa panicheesaadu.
aagashtu 6,1902naa, beeb maerii blair raisnu vivaham chesukundi, aame blair niles anae kalam paerutoe baga prasiddhi chendindi. blair taruvaata beeb thoo kalisi athani aneka dandayaatralalo palgonnadu, mariyu rachayitagaa, tarachugaa beeb kuu thana sonta rachanalo sahayam chesaadu. beeb mariyu blair vaari honeymoon, nova skotiaku maroka paryatana, sekaranaku maroe avakaasamgaa bhaavinchaaru.
taruvaati fibravarilo, beeb mariyu blair florida keelaku yaatraku vellaaru, endukante beeb gonthu infectiontho baadhapadutunnaadu mariyu vecchani vaataavaranam athani aarogyaaniki prayojanakaramgaa untundani jantupradarsanasaala viswasinchindi. eee yaatra ushnamandala praantaalaku beeb parichayam, dheenitho athanu deerghakaala aakarshananu penchukunnadu. juulai juulai, jantupradarsanasaala director vilium temple hornaday janthupradarshanashaalaku sambhaavya daatagaa bhaavinchina luis wheelton anae nyaayavaadi abhyardhana meraku, beeb mariyu blair virginia yokka avarodha dveepaalaku maroka yaatraku vellaaru. idhi jantupradarsanasaala kosam oka yaatragaa uddesinchinappatiki, beeb dheenini "eee samvatsaram maa moodava honeymoon" gaa abhivarninchaaru.
1903 chivari natiki, 26 samvatsaraala vayassulo, beeb gatha samvatsaramlo muppai naalugu kante ekkuva kathanaalu mariyu chaayaachitraalanu prachurinchaaru. vignaana saastraaniki ayana chesina sevalaku gaanu, american association pharr dhi advancement off sainslo sabhyudiga ennikayyaaru.
prarambha anveshana mariyu dandayaatralu.
1903 decemberulo, beabs gonthu vyaadhini nivaarinchadaaniki, hornaday atanni meksikoku dandayaatraku pampaadu, idhi taruvaati april varaku konasaagindi. eee samayamlo mexico ippatikee chaalaa varaku asthiramgaa unnanduna, athanu mariyu blair gurrampai prayaaninchi ekkuvagaa gudaralalo nivasinchaaru, mariyu iddaroo aatmarakshana kosam rivaalvarlanu mosukellaru. eee yaatra yokka uddesyam mexico pakshulanu kanugonadam, gurtinchadam mariyu sekarinchadam ayinappatikee, idhi ataniki mariyu blairku madhya maroe honeymoon gaa kooda varninchabadindi. mexicolo iddaru pakshula premikulu" anae paerutoe beeb yokka modati pustakam eee yaatraku sambandhinchinadi. chivari adhyayam blair dwara vraayabadindi mariyu aranyamlo selavulanu elaa plaan chesi amalu cheyaalo vivaranagaa undhi. eee pustakaaniki manchi aadarana labhinchindi.
beeb yokka rendava pustakam, "dhi burd, itts form und function", pariganinchaledu prachurinchabadindi. eee pustakam pustakam henry holt kuu samarpinchina oka manuscript yokka punarnirmaanam, conny idhi pakshulapai oka pradhana rachanaga vistarinchamani holt atanni korindi. daani puurti roopamlo idhi pakshi jeevasaastram mariyu parinaamam gurinchi saanketika samacharanni andinchinappatikii, saadhaarana prekshakulaku andubaatulo undela uddesinchina vidhamgaa idhi oka kotta rakamaina prakruti rachananu suuchistumdi. idhi beebku oka mukhyamaina malupu kooda suuchimchimdi, endukante thana sekaranaku jantuvulanu jodinchadampai thana yavvananiki viruddhamgaa, eee pustakamlo ayana vanyapraanula samrakshana yokka praamukhyatanu nokki cheppadam praarambhinchaaru. sekarana ekaika prayojanam kosam jantuvulanu champadam gurinchi, pustakam ilaa perkondih
beeb jantuvulanu saastriiyamgaa pareekshinchadaaniki avasaramainappudu vaatini kalchadam konasaginchinappatiki, athanu oka sekaranaku jodinchadam anedi praanaalanu teesukoovadaaniki chellubaatu ayye kaaranamgaa pariganinchaledu. pariganinchaledu beeb thana sonta sekarananu, idhi collectorga thana prarambha samvatsaraallo 990 namuunaalaku perigindani, vidya mariyu parisoedhana prayojanaala kosam janthupradarshanashaalaku bahumatigaa andinchaadu. eee bahumati kosam, atanni newyork zoological societylo jeevitakaala sabhyudiga niyaminchaaru. adhe samvatsaram, athanu newyork academy off sainsesku pheloga kooda ennikayyaadu.
ennikayyaadu, osborne mariyu hornaday thana parisoedhananu prachurinchadaaniki pratyaekamgaa beeb kosam oka pradaesamgaa "zoologica" anae patrikanu sthaapinchaaru. patrika yokka modati sanchikalo iravai patraalu unnaayi, veetilo padhi beeb rasinavi, inca maroe rendu ayana mariyu jantupradarsanasaala pakshula sahaya samrakshakudu lii sanders crandle samyuktamgaa raasaaru. marusati samvatsaram beeb jantusastra samajam nundi padoonnati pondaadu, sahaja charitra museumloni parisoedhanaa saastravettalato samanamga unchaadu. eee padoonnati ataniki tadupari parisoedhana yaatrala kosam prati samvatsaram rendu nelala selavu manjuru chesindi. 1908 fibravarilo praarambhamaina athani kotta adhikaaraala krinda nirvahinchina modati dandayaatra, pakshulu mariyu keetakaalanu parisoedhinchadaaniki atanni trinidad mariyu tobago mariyu venejuvelaaku teesukuvellindi. eee yaatralo beeb jantupradarsanasaala kosam 14 ververu jaatulaku chendina 40 sajeeva pakshulanu pattukundi.
thana jeevitamlo eee samayamlo, beeb appati adhyakshudu theodor roosvelttho sannihita snehaanni yerparachukunnaru, idhi bhaavinchaaru roosvelt maranam varaku konasaagindi. beeb kshetra prakruti saastravettagaa roosvelt naipunyaanni alaage parirakshanaku maddatugaa athani naipunyaanni mecchukunnaru, mariyu roosvelt keerti beeb yokka shaastreeya prayatnaalalo athani maddatunu atyanta viluvainadigaa chesindi. roosvelt beeb rachananu mariyu sahaja prapancham patla aayanaku unna gowravaanni mecchukunnaru. roosvelt tarachugaa beeb pustakaalaku prasamsalu andistuu, beeb yokka "ushnamandala vanyapraanulu" mariyu "adavi shanti" pustakaalaku parichayalu raasaaru.
1909 fibravarilo, beeb mariyu blair british gayanaku prayaaninchaaru, roojewelt maddatutoe, akkada shaashwata kshetra parisoedhanaa kendraanni sthaapinchadam saadhyamavutundane aasatoe. eee yaatra yokka maroka lakshyam hotgin anae pakshini kanugoni pattukovadam, dheeni panjaalu rekkalu sareesrupaala nundi pakshula parinaamamlo oka mukhyamaina linkga pariganinchabaddaayi. beeb feeled glasses dwara hotgin pravartana gurinchi vistrutamaina documentation chesindi, conny aame manikattu virigina kaaranamgaa vaaru twaragaa intiki tirigi ravalsi vachinappudu okadaanni pattukoodaaniki vaari pranaalikalu viphalamayyayi. atyanta prachuryam pondina bahumatini pondadamlo viphalamainappatiki, eee yaatra 51 jaatula 280 sajeeva pakshulatho tirigi vachindi, veetilo 33 janthupradarshanashaalaku kottavi, ayinappatikee veetilo chaalaa varaku newyork kuu tirigi sudeergha prayaanamloo maraninchaayi ledhaa tappinchukunnaayi. beeb eee yaatranu thana pustakam "mana vetakadam oka aranyam" loe sangrahinchaadu, idhi utsaahamgaa baga sameekshinchabadindi.
pheasant dandayaatra.
1909 decemberulo, vyaapaaravaetta mariyu paropakari anthony aarr. prapanchamlooni nemallanu namodu cheyadaaniki prapanchavyaaptamgaa samudrayaanaaniki velladaaniki beebnu anumatinchaalani kuser janthupradarshanashaalaku pratipaadinchaadu, dheeniki kuser aardhika sahayam chestaadu. hornade eee pratipaadananu teevramgaa vyatirekinchaadu, kusernu jantupradarsanasaalalo thana vidhula nundi beebnu dongilinchadaaniki prayatnistunna "dushta medhavi" gaa abhivarninchaadu. ayithe, beeb gayana paryatana dwara utpatti cheyabadina shaastreeya patraalu jantupradarsanasaala pratishtaku prayojanakaramgaa unnanduna, jantupradarsanasaala chivariki kuserku anukuulamgaa nirnayinchindi. hornade jantupradarsanasaala pakshula nirvaahaka samrakshakudigaa crandalnu niyaminchaadu, beeb lenappudu daani pakshulanu chusukune baadhyatanu ataniki icchaadu. beeb mariyu blair robbert broose harsfall thoo kalisi vaari dandayaatraku bayaludaeraaru, eee dandayaatra phalitamgaa asajanakamga vachhe pustakam kosam pakshula drushtaamtaalanu andinchadam vaari pani.
rms lucitanialo atlantic mahaasamudraanni daati londonku vellina taruvaata, akkada vaaru tama dandayaatraku avasaramaina saamaagrini sekarinchaaru, beeb mariyu athani brundam madhyadhara samudram meedugaa eejiptuku, suez kaaluva dwara mariyu bhaarata mahasamudram meedugaa selan varaku prayaaninchaaru, akkada vaaru sthaanika adavi pakshulanu document chese panini praarambhinchaaru. himalayala matrame nivasinche nemali jaatulanu swaadheenam chesukovalane lakshyamtho vaaru selan nundi kalakattaaku vellaaru. eee samayaniki beeb gurrapu pandentho gharshana praarambhinchindi, athanu atuvanti dandayaatralaku alavaatu padaledu. beeb thana documentation shreni yokka thoorpu bhaagamlo puurti chesina taruvaata, gurrapu pandem shreni yokka paschima bhaagamlo beeb venta velladaaniki niraakarinchindi, deenivalla beeb atanni jorpokhri pattanamlo vadili, athanu lekunda paschima himalayala thana panini konasaginchadu. gurrapu padavalu tirigi kalakattaalo vaaritho cheraayi, akkadi nundi vaaru indoneshiyaaku prayaaninchaaru. tadupari ooda vaarini singapurku teesukellindi, akkada beeb thana dandayaatra yokka tadupari dasha kosam karyakalapala sthaavaraanni erpaatu chesaadu.
dandayaatra yokka tadupari gamyam borneo dveepamlooni sarawak. vaaru sarawak nundi bayaludere samayaniki, beeb mariyu gurrapu pandem madhya vivaadam enthagaa perigindante, gurrapu pandem yaatraku muppu kaligistundani beeb nirnayinchi, intiki pampali. beeb tolagimpuku pratispandanagaa, gurrapu pandem dandayaatra prarambham nundi beeb tananu durviniyogam chesaadani, athani tadupari charyalu prateekaaram teerchukune spashtamaina prayojanam kosam anie badulichindi. gurrapu padatam lekunda konasaagutuu, beeb mariyu blair javalo bataviaku, uttaraana madura dveepaaniki mariyu borneo mariyu sumatra madhya belitung varaku prayaaninchaaru.
javalo puurti chesina beeb mariyu athani sibbandi malayalo anveshinchadam praarambhinchadaaniki singapur nundi kuwala lumpurku uttaraana prayaaninchaaru. malaya taruvaata, vaari dandayaatralo tadupari bhaagam vaarini burmanku teesukuvellindi, akkada vaaru rangoonlo vacchi railulo maitkainaku prayaaninchaaru. burmanlo beeb tatkalikamga niraasaku gurai, athanu panini tirigi praarambhinchagaligelaa ledhaa dandayaatranu konasaginchagaligela cheyadaaniki chaalaa rojula mundu maraninchaadu. pungaataanglooni thana banglalo taanu kanugonna pennie bhayankaramaina navalala kuppaku athanu kolukunnatlu paerkonnaadu, taruvaata konni rojulu nirantaram chadivaadu.
beeb prayaanamloo chivari bhaagam atanni chainaku teesukuvellindi, akkada nundi vaaru allarla nundi alaage bubonic plaegu yokka uppena nundi tappinchukovadaaniki japanku pranaalika laeni sandarsana chesaaru. plaegu mariyu allarlu tagginappudu, beeb sthaanika nemali jaatulanu namodu cheyadaaniki chainaku tirigi vacchaadu, aapai akkada saamraajya samrakshanhalo unchina nemalini adhyayanam cheyadaaniki japanku rendava sandarsana chesadu. japaanlo, japaanlo teliyani oka jatha hamsalaku badulugaa beebku saamraajya kutumbam rendu krainlu ichindi.
mottam 17 nelala taruvaata athani dandayaatra puurtayimdi, beeb mariyu blair pasiphik daati shaan fraansiskoku vellaaru, aapai newyorkloni vaari intiki tirigi raavadaaniki united statesnu daataaru. vaari dandayaatra athanu korina daadaapu anni nemalla yokka sajeeva ledhaa nimpina namuunaalanu pondindi mariyu vaari pravartana gurinchi vistrutamaina gamanikalanu kooda tayaaru chesindi. sclatters empeon ledhaa himalayan monal vanti eee nemallalo konnintini americanlu ledhaa europeanlu intaku mundennadoo adavilo chudaledu. eee yaatralo nemallalo laingika dviruupata gurinchi beeb chesina pariseelanalu laingika empika yokka eee amsam panichese yantraamgaanni sarigga ardham chesukunna modati jeevasaastravettagaa maaradaaniki daariteesaayi. thana pariseelanala aadhaaramgaa athanu nemali puurveekula kotta parinaamaatmaka namuunaanu kooda pratipaadinchaadu, indulo vegavantamaina vaividhyeekarana kaalam taruvaata marinta vilakshanhamaina mariyu kramamga maarpulu untaayi. eee parinaamaatmaka namuunaanu ippudu teelikagaa pariganinchinappatikii, vilium beeb kaalamlo idhi oka kotta aalochana.
1913 janavarilo, blair thanatho vidaakulu teesukoovaalanukunnanduku reno kosam beebnu vidichipettadu, endukante charitralo eee samayamlo united statesloni itara praantaala kante renolo vidaakulu pondadam sulabham. reno nivasiga blair kaneesam aaru nelala avasaranni gadipina taruvaata, 1913 augustu 29naa vidaakulu manjuru cheyabaddaayi. reno loe vidaakulu pondadaaniki oka vyakti tama jeevita bhagaswamy vyabhicharam ledhaa teevramaina krooratvam chesaadani niroopinchaalsina avasaram undhi; blair yokka firyadu beebnu aaropinchindi, pheasant dandayaatra samayamlo athanu "nadiloe tananu taanu visiri, rivalvartho noti paikappu gundaa tananu taanu kaalchukuni, rejartho thana gontunu kattirinchukuntaanani bedirinchaadani paerkonnaadu."vidaakulanu vyatirekinchadaaniki beeb chaalaa takkuva prayatnam chesindi mariyu etuvanti sakshyam ivvadaaniki kortuku haajarukaaledu. aaa samayamlo vaartaapatrikalu blair aaropanalanu vimarsanaatmakamgaa nivedinchinappatiki, "prakruti shaastravetta krooramgaa unnadu" vanti mukhyaamsaalatoe, aadhunika jeevitacharitrakaarulu vidaakula kesu cheyadaaniki blair atisayoktulanu aasrayinche avakaasam undani bhaavistaaru. beeb nundi vidaakulu teesukunna oka vaaram taruvaata, blair vaari pakkinti porugu rabin nailstho tirigi vivaham chesukunnadu, vidaakulaku nijamaina kaaranam kodipilla ayi undavacchani suuchistumdi. marovaipu, kontamandi jeevitacharitrakaarulu dandayaatra samayamlo beeb naadii vichchinnatanu edurkonnadani mariyu blair yokka paraayeekaranaku athanu thana vantugaa sahakarinchi undavacchani suuchimchaaru.
blair nishkramana beebku shakuga maarindi, aaa tarvaata oka samvatsaraaniki paiga athanu teevramgaa niraasaku gurayyadu. pheasant dandayaatralo aame sahayam chesinappatiki, aaa samayamlo sekarinchina dayta aadhaaramgaa taanu siddham chestunna monograph nundi aame gurinchi edainaa prastaavinchadaanni beeb tolaginchaadu.
1914 chivari natiki, beeb yokka pheasant monograph tappanisarigaa manuscript loe puurtayimdi. eee vachananni beeb vraasinappatikee, eee drushtaamtaalanu aneka mandhi kalaakaarulu andinchaaruh dandayaatralo beebto kalisi vacchina robbert broose harsfall, drushtaamtaala nepathyaala kosam paryaavarana drushyaalanu chitrinchaadu, ayithe georg edward ladge, charless aarr. thoo sahaa itara kalaakaarulu eee nemalini chithrinchaaru. gurram, mariyu luis agasses fuertes. pustakam yokka rangu kalaakruti yokka vistrutamaina swabhaavam kaaranamgaa, yea american prachuranakarta daanini punarutpatti cheyagala saamarthyam kaligi unnatlu pariganinchabadaledu. zaan james aaduban kalanu prachurinchadamlo vijayam saadhinchina phalitamgaa, beeb thana pani kosam georg vidarbi und suns off london nuu enchukunna prachuranakarta. germany mariyu austrialoni aneka companylu eee drushtaamtaala punarutpattini swayamgaa nirvahinchaalsi undhi. modati prapancha yuddham prarambhamainappudu drushtaamtaala punarutpattulu mudrinche prakriyaloo unnaayi, tadupari naalugu samvatsaraala paatu project puurti kaavadaaniki aagipoyindi.
gayana mariyu modati prapancha yuddhaaniki tirigi vellu.
jantupradarsanasaala kosam marinni pakshulanu pattukoovadaaniki beeb aalochananu brazilku dandayaatranu chepattadu. eee yaatra aneka vidhaluga beebku mukhyamaina malupu. dandayaatralo thanatho paatu vacchina maroe iddari kante beebku chaalaa ekkuva kshetra anubhavam undhi, zii. innis hartley mariyu herbert atkins, dheenini oka guruvu paatraku parichayam chesaaru. eee yaatralo, oke chettu kinda nivasinche jeevula sankhya mariyu vaividhyaanni kanugoni beeb aascharyapoyaadu mariyu aranyamlooni oka chinna praantaanni ekkuva kaalam adhyayanam chese paddhatiki maargadarsakatvam vahinchaadu. eee yaatra pakshula shaastram nundi ushnamandala paryaavarana vyavasthala adhyayanaaniki beeb kosam maarpuku prarambhanni suuchimchimdi.
nirvahinchaadu, gayanalo shaashwata kshetra parisoedhanaa kendraanni sthaapinchaalanae thana munupati lakshyanni saadhinchadaaniki beeb georgetownku prayaaninchaadu. aneka aadhaaraalanu anusarinchina taruvaata, majaruni nadipai rabbaru thotalanu kaligi unna georg vithers, eee prayojanam kosam thana aastipai oka pedda intini upayoginchamani aayanaku cheppinappudu athani lakshyam saakaaramaindi. beeb mariyu athani parisoedhakulu kalakoon anie piluvabade thotala intiki vellina ventane, vaarini theodor roosvelt mariyu athani kutumbam sandarsinchaaru. aaa taruvaata, roosvelt scribners magazine kosam station gurinchi oka vyaasam raasaaru, idhi stationku prajala maddatunu pempondinchadaaniki sahaayapadindi.
kalakoon parisoedhanaa kendram sthaapana beeb thana munupati dandayaatrala samayamlo saadhyamaina daanikante chaalaa ekkuva vivaramgaa chuttupakkala adavi yokka paryaavarana saastraanni parisoedhinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. kalakoonnu thana karyakalapala sthaavaramgaa upayogistuu, beeb oka kotta rakamaina adhyayananni nirvahinchaaduh adavi yokka oka chinna praantaanni mariyu daanilo nivasinche anni jantuvulanu, pandiri paie nundi naela krinda varaku kramapaddhatilo vichchaedimchaadu. rendava adhyayanamlo, beeb daadaapu paavu mailu (0.40 kimmy) chadarapu vistiirnamloo unna chaalaa pedda adavi praantaaniki adhe panini nirvahinchaadu. nirvahinchaadu kalakoonlo thana modati seasonlo, beeb jantupradarsanasaala kosam 300 sajeeva namuunaalanu tirigi teesukuvacchaadu. esaari athanu oka hotgin nuu pattukovadamlo vijayam saadhinchaadu, idhi athanu thana munupati gayana paryatanalo thrutilo kolpoyina pakshi, ayinappatikee athanu newyork tirigi vellinappudu jantupradarsanasaala kosam daanini sajeevamgaa unchalekapoyadu.
beeb thana 1917 pustakam "tropical wild life inn british gayana" loe kalakoon vadda thana aavishkaranalanu sangrahinchaadu, idhi chaalaa mandhi itara parisoedhakulanu kalakoon parytanalanu plaan cheyadaaniki ledhaa beeb maargadarsakatvam vahinchina rakaniki chendina vaari swantha kshetra parisoedhanaa kendraalanu sthaapinchadaaniki prerepinchindi.
beeb modati prapancha yuddhamlo seva cheyadaaniki aasaktigaa unnadu, conny 40 samvatsaraala vayassulo athanu kramam tappakunda seva cheyadaaniki chaalaa peddavaadani bhavinchabaddadu. roosvelt sahayamtho, athanu long ailandlo vimaana squadron kosam sikshana pondina taruvaata american pailetnu pondaadu. athanu digetappudu thana vimanam mundu parugettina photographernu nivaarinchadaaniki, athanu landing chestunnappudu koolipoyi, athani kudi manikattuku teevramgaa gayapadinappudu athani sikshanaa pani nilipiveyabadindi. athani manikattu nayam avutunnappudu, beeb rendava kaalakoon paryatanalo, rabbaru kosam yuddhakaala demand kaaranamgaa, inti chuttoo unna mottam adavi rabbaru chetlaku chotu kalpinchadaaniki spashtamgaa kattirinchabadindani telusukuni marinta naasanamaindi. kalakoon station yokka uddesyam adavini adhyayanam cheyadam kabatti, adavi naasanam kaavadamtho beebku stationnu moosivesi, daani sarafaraalato newyorku tirigi ravadam tappa vaerae maargam lekunda poyindi. athani munupati blair nashtamtho kalipi, kalakoon kolpovadam valla beeb depressionloki padipoyindi. idhi beeb yokka guruvu osborne gurtinchabadaledu, athanu madison grantku raasina lekhalo dheeni gurinchi aandolana vyaktam chestu, "athanu aandolana chendutunnadani mariyu kshemamgaa laedani neenu kanugonnanu. [...] ataniki cheppakunda, manam atanni jagrattagaa chusukovali."
1917 octoberulo beebku yuddhamlo seva chese avakaasam labhinchindi. roosvelt nundi vacchina sifaarasu lekha sahayamtho, german tupaki sthaanabhramsham meeda vaimanika photography vimanalanu eguravese baadhyata ataniki ivvabadindi. athanu kandakaalalo kooda samayam gadipadu mariyu raatri daadiloo kenadian indian platoon thoo kalisi unnadu. beeb taruvaata scribners magazine mariyu atlantic nelawari kosam thana yuddha anubhavanni vivaristuu aneka kathanaalu raasaadu. beeb saadhaaranamgaa thana sainika seva yokka khachitamaina swabhaavaanni daani gurinchi thana rachanalalo spashtam cheyaledu, ayinappatikee athanu yuddham yokka vaastavaalapai thana saadhaarana niraasanu vyaktam chesaadu. eee vruttaamtaalaloo atyanta prasiddhamainadi ayana prasamsimchaaru raasina "jangil pease" anae pustakam yokka prarambha paeraa dwara andinchabadindihi
jantusastra samaajamlo beeb sthaanam prasamsimchaaru marindi aayanaku pakshula gourava curator anae birudu ivvabadindi mariyu kottagaa srushtinchabadina ushnamandala parisoedhana vibhaagaaniki directorga niyaminchabaddaaru. thana kotta sthaanamtho, beebku jantupradarsanasaala jantuvulanu chusukovalasina baadhyata ledhu, tadwara athanu thana rachana mariyu parisoedhanaku puurtigaa ankitam cheyadaaniki swechcha pondaadu. curator gaa beeb yokka vidhulu beeb krinda panichesina maajee assistant curator lii crandalku badilee cheyabaddaayi, ayinappatikee crandle pakshulalo anaaroogyaaniki chikitsa cheyadaaniki mariyu beeb yokka dandayaatrala nundi tirigi teesukuvacchina anyadesa pakshulanu chusukovadaniki beeb meeda aadharapadatam konasaaginchindi.
beeb yokka pheasant monograph yokka modati valume aaa patanam loe prachurinchabadindi, ayithe konasagutunna yuddham migilina moodu valuemlu eppudu prachurinchabadataayo aspashtamgaa chesindi. modati samputini sameekshakulu entho prasamsimchaaru, prasamsimchaaru national academy off sciences nundi daniel giroud elliot patakaanni andukunnaru. 1919 janavarilo, eee samayaniki teevramgaa anaarogyamtho unna roosvelt, thana monograph prachuranaku beebnu abhinandistuu thana aasupatri mancham nundi beeb kuu raasaaru. beebku ayana raasina abhinandana lekha, roojewelt thana maranaaniki mundu raasina chivari lekha. monograph yokka rendava valume valume prachurinchabadindi, mariyu moodava mariyu naalugava valuemlu valuemlu prachurinchabaddaayi. "eah monograph off dhi pheasants" anae paerutoe puurtayina panini kontamandi sameekshakulu iravayyava sataabdapu goppa pakshula monographga bhaavinchaaru.
bhaavinchaaru, kalakoon sthaanamlo gayanalo oka kotta parisoedhanaa kendraanni bhadraparachadaaniki osborne beebku sahayam chesindi beebku newyork aadhaarita maining corporation yokka avtpost ayina cartabo paayintnu andinchindi. beeb kotta station gurinchi utsaahamgaa unnadu, mariyu kalakoon vadda nirvahinchina chinna praantaalalo vanyapraanula yokka adhe vivaranaatmaka vislaeshanhalanu nirvahinchadamlo idhi chaalaa vijayavantamaindi. cartabo vadda beeb cheemala millu anie piluvabade drugvishayaanni kanugonnadu, daadaapu andaruu alasatatho chanipoye varaku cheemala yokka niluvu varusa antuleni looplo tananu taanu anusaristundi.
galapagos dandayaatralu.
charless darwin thana munupati sandarsanalo sekarinchagaligina daanikante parinaamaaniki maddatugaa marinta vivaranaatmaka daetaanu pondaalane uddesyamto beeb galapagos deevulaku dandayaatra chepattadaaniki aasaktigaa unnadu. unnadu, haarisan villiams atuvanti yaatraku aardhika sahayam cheyadaaniki angeekarinchaadu, mariyu eee prayojanam kosam beebku sahayaka sibbandito paatu "noma" anae aaviri padavanu andinchaaru. sahayaka brundamlo gatamlo beebto kalisi panichesina aneka mandhi saastravettalu mariyu samudra chitrakaarudu harry hafmanto sahaa aneka mandhi kalaakaarulu, alaage villiams snehitulu kondaru unnaaru, veerini cherchadam anedi villiams dandayaatraku nidhulu samakuurchadaaniki kudurchukunna oppandaaniki sharatu. galapagosku velle maargamlo sargaso samudram gundaa velutuu, beeb uparitalampai telutunna sargassam kalupu mokkalo kanipinche jeevana vaividhyam chuusi aakarshitudayyaadu mariyu neeti nundi kalupu mokkalanu scoop chesi daanilo nivasinche jeevulanu pariseelinchadaaniki chaalaa rojulu gadipadu.
galapagosku beeb yokka modati dandayaatra iravai rojula paatu konasaagindi, rendu padhi rojula kalaluga vibhajinchabadindi, dheeni madhya "noma" manchineeru mariyu boggu kosam panaamaaku tirigi ravalsi vachindi. eee yaatralo athanu galapagoslo nivasinche jantuvulu maamsaahaarulu lenanduku pratispandanagaa abhivruddhi chendina pratyaekamaina maargaalanu namodu chesaadu. galapagos jantuvulu saadhaaranamgaa maanavula patla etuvanti bhayanni choopinchaledu, deenivalla jantupradarsanasaala kosam pratyaksha namuunaalanu sangrahinchadamlo brundam adhika sthaayi vijayanni saadhinchindi. beeb galapagos looni genovesa dveepamlo (tower iland anie kooda pilustaaru) gatamlo teliyani samudrateeraanni kooda kanugonnadu, dheeniki athanu darwin bay anie paeru pettadu mariyu daanilo nivasinche janthu jeevula vaividhyaanni namodu chesaadu. eee dandayaatra nundi newyork tirigi vachinappudu, beeb samudram nundi jantuvulanu puudikatoe tolaginchadam konasaginchadu, dheenilo tanaku taanugaa sahaayapadataaniki roopondinchukunna oka jatha kotta parikaraalanu upayoginchaaduh oka "palpit", ooda villuku atikinchina oka inupa panjaram, daani yajamani samudra uparitalaanni marinta daggaragaa pariseelinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi; mariyu oka "boom vaak", ooda vaipu nundi oka boom, athanu tananu taanu nilipivesukunnadu. beeb eee yaatranu "galapagos worralds end" anae paerutoe sangrahinchina pustakam takshaname atyadhikamgaa ammudaina pustakam mariyu aneka nelala paatu "newyork times" modati padhi jaabitaalo konasaagindi.
konasaagindi, beeb thana gayana parisoedhanaa kendram cartabo kii maroka yaatraku vellaadu, athanu kalakoon vadda praarambhinchina ushnamandala paryaavarana vyavastha yokka vivaranaatmaka documentation konasaginchalane uddesyamto. chivaraku eee adhyayanam phalitamgaa vacchina eee kaagitam beeb "zoologica" loe prachurinchabadindi mariyu ushnamandala paryaavarana shaastram abhivruddhi chendutunna rangamlo eee rakamaina modati adhyayanam. beeb thana munupati blair kolpovadam mariyu dandayaatra praarambhaaniki kontakaalam mundu maraninchina thana talli netty maranam rendinti kaaranamgaa cartabo paryatanalo niraasatoe poradatam konasaginchadu.
gayanalo thana parisoedhana konasaagutunnappatiki, beeb ekkuvagaa korukunnadi galapagosku tirigi ravadam, esaari samudram kinda nundi jantuvulanu puudika teese saamarthyaanni kaligi unna sarigga amarchina shaastreeya parisoedhanaa noukathoo. beeb, beeb rendava galapagos yaatra, villiams mariyu aneka itara daatala maddatutoe "arcturus" samudrasastra yaatraku bayaludaeraadu. eee yaatra kosam ayana ooda aaviri padava "arcturus", dheenini karyanirvahaka kamitee sabhyudu henry dii newyork zoological sosaiteeki samarpinchaaru. white. "arcturus", "aut," noma "kante gananeeyamgaa peddadi mariyu ekkuva kaalam samudramlo undagala saamarthyam kaligi undhi. arcturus" loe beeb yokka palpit mariyu "noma" nundi boom vaak, alaage sajeeva jantuvula kosam bonulu mariyu tankulu, chanipoyina vaatini samrakshinchadaaniki rasayanalu mariyu seesaalu, mariyu filmnu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki mariyu vaaru edurkonaalani aasinchina bioluminicent jantuvulanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki cheekati gadini kaligi undhi.
beeb adhyayanam cheyaalani aasistunna sargaso samudramlo saragassam yokka mandapati chapalanu "arcturus" edurkoledu, conny beeb mariyu athani sibbandi seyint martin mariyu saaba teeramlo samudram nundi jeevulanu puudikatoe puudchadamloo goppa vijayanni saadhinchaaru. pasifiklo, vaaru chaalaa bhinnamaina ushnogratala rendu pravaahaala madhya oka vintha sarihaddunu edurkonnaru, rendinti madhya sarihaddulo vistaaramaina jeevana vaividhyam undhi. dakshina america iteevala anubhavistunna asaadhaarana vaataavaranaaniki idhi kaaranam kaavacchani siddhaantiikaristuu, daanini document cheyadaaniki athanu pravaahaala madhya sarihaddu venta chaalaa rojulu prayaaninchaadu. eee pravaahaala gurinchi beeb adhyayanam, mariyu dakshina america vaataavaranampai vaati prabhavam, ell nino anie piluvabade drugvishayam gurinchi telisina mottamodati adhyayanam.
darwin bay sameepamlo langaru vaestuu, beeb diving helmetlo samudramloki digadam dwara samudra jantuvulanu vaati sthaanika vaataavaranamloo adhyayanam cheyadaaniki thana modati prayatnam chesaadu. beeb thana galapagos yaatra antataa helmet dives cheyadam konasaginchadu, gatamlo teliyani aneka samudra jantuvulanu document chesaadu. thana sirastraana divesto paatu, beeb ushnamandalamlo samudramloni oka chinna praantaaniki taanu maargadarsakatvam vahinchina adhe parisoedhana paddhatini vartimpajesaadu, aaa praantamlooni samudra jeevula yokka anni charyalu mariyu paraspara charyalanu namodu cheyadaaniki padhi rojula paatu daani chuttoo vruttaakaaramlo prayaaninchaadu. eee adhyayanamlo 136 jaatula 3,776 chepala sekarananu kanugonnaru, vaatilo chaalaa varaku vignaana saastraaniki kooda kottavi.
galapagos nundi langaru vestunnappudu, beeb mariyu athani sibbandi albemarle dveepamlo agniparvata karyakalapalanu gamaninchaaru mariyu daanini parisoedhinchadaaniki bayaludaeraaru. oka chinna cove loe langaru vaestuu, beeb mariyu athani sahayakudu zaan tii-vaan oka churukaina bilam kosam vetikaaru, akkada vaaru visphotanaanni gamaninchavacchu mariyu vaaru daanini kanugone samayaniki alasataku daggaragaa unnaaru. athanu bilaanni gamaninchinappudu, daani chuttoo unna gaali haanikaramaina vaayuvulatoe nindi undani beeb grahinchaadu mariyu daani nundi dhooramgaa vellae mundu oopiraadakundaa undataaniki addamgaa undipoyaadu. maroe rendu rojula paatu thana ooda nundi visphotanaanni gamaninchina beeb, alaage dandayaatralo taruvaata samayamlo, lava nundi tappinchukovadamlo viphalamaina tarvaata ledhaa daaniki chaalaa daggaragaa vacchina taruvaata aneka pakshulu mariyu samudra jantuvulu elaa champabaddayo namodu chesaadu.
galapagos nundi sargaso samudram gundaa tirigi vachinappudu, beeb marosari sargassam yokka mandapati chapalanu kanugonadamlo viphalamaindi, dheeni adhyayanam yaatra yokka praathamika lakshyaalalo okatigaa undedi. thana yaatra yokka daatalanu santrupti parachadaniki oka maargam kosam vetukutuu, newyork nagaram odduku velupala hudson loya yokka samudra jeevulanu namodu cheyalane aalochananu beeb kottadu. galapagoslo athanu upayoginchina hudson loyanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki adhe paddhatulanu upayoginchadam dwara, beeb aascharyakaramaina vividha rakaala samudra jantuvulanu edurkondi, veetilo chaalaa varaku gatamlo ushnamandala praantaalaku pratyaekamainavigaa bhaavinchabaddaayi.
eee dandayaatra nundi beeb tirigi vacchina koddikaalaanike, anthony kuser thana pheasant monograph yokka ghaneebhavinchina, prajaadarana pondina samskarananu utpatti cheyamani abhyardhinchaadu. dheeni phalitamgaa "pheasants dher lifes und homes" ("pheasants off dhi varald" anae birudutho kooda piluvabade) anae pustakam pustakam vidudalai zaan baros patakaanni andukundi. eee pustakam vraastunna samayamlo, beeb thana asalu monographlo cherchani pheasant yaatra samayamlo aneka anubhavalanu gurthu chesaaru, mariyu eee yaatralo thana saahasaala gurinchi "pheasant jungles" anae paerutoe oka adanapu pustakaanni raasaaru. nemalla yokka oka saaraamsam" eee yaatraku sambandhinchina vaastava vruttaantam ayinappatikee, "nemalla adavulu" kontavaraku kalpita vruttaantam, dheenilo beeb thana anubhavamloni konni amsaalanu vistruta prekshakulaku aakarshinchadaaniki marchadu.
haiti mariyu bermuda.
bermuda beeb haiti samudra jeevulanu namodu cheyadaaniki oka yaatraku vellaadu. port-oo-prins naukaasrayamloo thana ooda "leftinent" nuu langaru vaestuu, athanu aaa praantamlooni pagadapu dibbalanu pariseelinchi, vaatilo nivasinche chepalanu vargeekaristuu vargeekaristuu paiga helmet dives chesaadu. eee divelalo aneka saanketika aavishkaranalu unnaih neeti aduguna photography kosam cameranu unchadaaniki upayoginchagala water tite brass baaks, mariyu diving helmetlo cherchabadina telephone, idhi diver neeti aduguna gamanikalu teesukoovadaaniki badulugaa uparitalampai unna evarikainaa pariseelanalu nirdesinchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. vanda rojullone, beeb mariyu athani brundam gatha naalugu vandala samvatsaraalalo poruguna unna puerto rico dveepamlo samavesamainanta kaalam eee praantamloo nivasinche jaatula jaabitaanu roopondinchaaru. roopondinchaaru beeb mariyu tii-vaan atuvanti 270 jaatula sachitra mariyu ullekhana jaabitaanu prachurinchaayi, idhi idhi mottam mottam vistarinchabadindi. beeb thana 1928 pustakam "diguva ushnamandala samudraalu" loe eee yaatra gurinchi vivarinchaadu, idhi daani episodic nirmaanam kaaranamgaa utsaahabharitamaina sameekshala kante takkuva andukunna athani pustakaalalo modatidi.
helmet divinglo anubhavam pondadamtho, beeb tvaralo daaniki utsaahabharitamaina nyaayavaadi ayyadu, idhi avakaasam unna prati okkaroo anubhavinchaalsina vishayam anie nammadu. taruvaata athanu samudrateera gruhaalalo edho oka roeju diving helmetla sahayamtho anubhavinchadagina vaari swantha neeti aduguna thotalu untaayani soochinche varaku vellaadu
thana jeevitamlo eee dasha natiki beeb beeb beebnu kalisina american srungaara navala rachayita elwith thanetho sannihita snehaanni penchukunnadu. vaari prarambha correspondencelo chaalaa takkuva manugadalo undhi, conny elwith samvatsaraalugaa beebnu aaradhinchaadu, mariyu aame modati navala "riders off dhi wind" ataniki ankitam cheyabadindi. eee navala premalo padi chivariki vivaham chesukunna oka yuvatini gurinchina kathanam, beebnu balamgaa pooli unde chaalaa pedda saahasopeturaalu. beeb mariyu elswith september 22,1927naa vivaham chesukunnaru, beeb 50 yella vayasulo. elswith thana vayassunu tappugaa choopinche dhorani kaaranamgaa, aame mariyu beeb vivaham chesukunnappudu aame vayassu entha anedaaniki viruddhamaina kathanaalu unnaayi, 23 nundi 28 varaku. elswith mariyu beeb bahiranga vivaham chesukunnaru, indulo vaari jeevitaaniki nashtam kaliginchananta kaalam marokari nundi laingika pratyaekatanu oohinchaledu.
riders off dhi wind" paakshikamgaa beeb yokka pheasant yaatrapai aadharapadi unnappatikee, elaswith beeb yokka prastuta parisoedhananu aasvaadinchaledu. aame ushnamandala vaedini ishtapadaledu mariyu beebto cartabo velladaaniki ishtapadaledu. rajeegaa, beeb thana samudra parisoedhananu bermudalo konasaaginchaalani nirnayinchukunnadu, akkada aame mariyu beeb tama honeymoon gadiparu. bermuda governor luis boles beeb pustakaala patla aakarshitulaina yuvaraju jaarjku beebnu parichayam chesaadu, mariyu yuvaraju georg tananu helmet diving cheyamani beebnu oppinchaadu. governor boles mariyu prins georg taruvaata bermuda thoorpu teeramlo unna beeb nansach dveepaanni parisoedhanaa kendramgaa upayoginchadaaniki pratipaadinchaaru.
thana spaansarla aardhika sahayamtho, samudram yokka chadarapu visteernam gurinchi samagra adhyayanam nirvahinchadaaniki nansach dveepamlooni thana kotta parisoedhanaa kendraanni upayoginchaalani beeb yochinchadu, uparitalam nundi lothu varaku vaaru kanugonagalige prati jeevini document chesaadu. ayithe, eee paddhatulanu upayoginchi lothaina samudraanni parisoedhimchae beeb saamarthyam dredging yokka swaabhaavika parimitula dwara parimitam cheyabadindi, idhi akkada nivasinche jantuvula asampoorna chitraanni matrame andinchagaladu. puudikatoe lothaina samudram gurinchi pondagalige gnaanaanni beeb oka veedhi nundi shidhilaalanu teeyadaaniki oka puudikanu upayoginchadam dwara pogamanchu kappabadina bhusambandhamaina nagaram gurinchi telusukogalige daanitoe polchadu. beeb neeti aduguna anveshana parikaranni roopondinchadaaniki pranaalika veyadam praarambhinchaadu, dheenini athanu lotulaloki digi eee vaataavaranaalanu neerugaa gamaninchadaaniki upayoginchavacchu. newyork times" loe beeb yokka pranaalikalanu vivarinche kathanaalu prachurinchabaddaayi, ivi cylinder aakaaramlo diving gantaku pilupunichaayi.
eee vyasalu chaalaa kaalamgaa beebnu mechukunna injanir otis barton drushtini aakarshinchayi, mariyu lothaina samudra anveshakudigaa maaraalane thana swantha aasayaanni kaligi unnaaru. diving nauka kosam beeb yokka design lothaina samudram yokka teevramaina ottidini eppatikee thattukolekapovachani bartonku nammakam kaligindi, mariyu beebto samavesanni erpaatu chesina snehitudi sahayamtho, ataniki pratyaamnaaya designu pratipaadinchaadu. barton yokka roopakalpanalo adhika peedanaanni nirodhinchadaaniki saadhyamainanta balamaina aakaram gala golaakaara noukanu erpaatu chesaaru. bartonku adrushtam undhi, samvatsaraala kritam, theodor roosvelt beebku ilanti aalochananu pratipaadinchaadu, mariyu beeb barton roopakalpananu aamodinchaadu. beeb mariyu barton oka oppandam kudurchukunnaruh barton golaaniki mariyu daanitoe paatu velladaaniki anni itara parikaraalaku chellistaaru. badulugaa, beeb golam penchadaaniki mariyu tagginchadaaniki oodanu addeku teesukovadam vanti itara kharchulaku chellistaadu, mariyu golam yajamaniga, barton beeb thana dandayaatralalo daanitoe paatu veltaadu. beeb vaari noukaku batisfir anie paeru pettadu, greeku upasarga "bathy-" nundi, antey "lothaina" mariyu "golam" anie ardham.
nansach dveepamlo pani cheyandi.
1930 nundi 1934 varaku, beeb mariyu barton snaanagolaanni upayoginchi naan-sutch dveepam teeramlo perugutunna lothu yokka varusa divesnu nirvahinchaaru, vaari sthaanika vaataavaranamloo lothaina samudra jantuvulanu gamaninchina modati vyaktulugaa nilichaaru. ukku kebulnu upayoginchi snaanagolaanni samudramloki dinchaaru, mariyu rendava cable oka phone line teesukuvellindi, dheenini snaanagolamlooni nivaasitulu uparitalamtho communicate cheyadaaniki upayoginchaaru, alaage snaanagolaaniki velupala jantuvulanu prakaasavantam cheyadaaniki serch light kosam vidyut cable. beeb yokka pariseelanalu athani pradhana saanketika sahacharudu gloria hollister record cheyadaaniki phone linelo prasaram cheyabaddaayi, athanu dredging nundi pondina namuunaalanu siddham cheyadaaniki kooda baadhyata vahinchaadu. beeb mariyu barton snaanagolamlo mottam 35 dives chesi, manavudu ippativaraku pradarsinchina lothaina dive kosam aneka varusa prapancha recordulanu nelakolpaaru. veetilo atyanta lothaina rikaardu, 1934 augustu 15naa, piluvabadindi barton chetha baddalu kotte varaku konasaagindi.
kaliginchindi, saanketika samasyalu mariyu sahakarinchani vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa beeb mariyu barton yokka snaanapu golam oka samvatsaram paatu antaraayam kaliginchindi. kaliginchindi beeb tandri maranam oka adanapu ibbandi, mariyu beeb thana tandri antyakriyalaku haajaru kaavadaaniki oka vaaram paatu nansach dveepaanni vidichipettadu. sambhavinchindi rendava samvatsaram paatu antaraayam erpadindi, mahaa maandyam kaaranamgaa kontavaraku nidhula korata kaaranamgaa idhi sambhavinchindi. sambhavinchindi beeb mariyu barton etuvanti dives cheyakapoyinappatiki, american museum off natural history kosam pratyeka pradarsanalo batisfir pradarsinchabadinappudu, taruvaata chikagoloni sataabdapu purogati prapancha pradarsanalo, vaari pani pedda mottamlo pracharam pondindi, akkada vaaru auguste piccardto fair haall off sainsnu panchukunnaru. beeb mariyu barton kooda jaateeya bhougolikamgaa vaatini vivaristuu raasina aneka vyasala nundi vaari dives kosam pracharam pondaaru, mariyu enbisi radeo prasaram nundi beeb yokka vois batisfir lopala nundi phone line prasaram cheyabadindi, idhi radeo dwara jaateeyamgaa prasaram cheyabadindi.
batisfir yokka aavishkarta mariyu beeb yokka thoti loyeetagattegaa barton ghanatanu pondela chuudataaniki beeb prayatninchinappatikii, pramukha media barton nuu vismarinchi, beeb paie matrame shraddha choopindi. beeb uddeshapoorvakamgaa keertini pondutunnadani nammi, barton tarachugaa dheeni gurinchi agraham vyaktam chesevadu. beeb barton yokka anoohya manasika sthithula patla sahanam kaligi laedu mariyu barton sahaja prapancham patla saraina gowravaanni pradarsinchaledani bhaavinchaadu. ayinappatikee, beeb mariyu barton iddarikee avasaramainadi marokati undih samudra jeevasaastravettagaa thana anubhavaniki beeb mariyu yaantrika naipunhyaaniki barton. vaari jeevitaala vijayam patla aacharanaatmaka aandolana kaaranamgaa, vaaru tama vibhedaalanu naan-saach dveepamlo kalisi panicheyadaaniki taginantagaa parishkarinchagaligaaru, ayinappatikee vaaru taruvaata manchi sambandhaalalo undaledu.
bahusha, beeb nansach dveepamlo pani chestunnappudu hollistertho premalo paddadu. beeb vyaktigata patrikalo, athanu rahasyamgaa unchaalanukunna vishayalanu vivarinchetappudu upayoginchina rahasya kodlo vraayabadina oka entry, "neenu aamenu [gloria] muddu pettukunnanu mariyu aame nannu premistundi."gloriatho beeb sambandham gurinchi elvitku teluso ledho aspashtamgaa undhi, conny aame alaa chesthe aame daanini pattinchukoledu. vaari vivaham yokka bahiranga swabhaavamtho paatu, paatu "neti mahila" patrikaku icchina interviewlo elwith, beeb mahilalaku aakarshanheeyamgaa untundane gnaanaanni taanu aasvaadinchaanani vivarinchindi.
beeb 1934 taruvaata samudra parisoedhananu konasaginchadu, conny athanu snaanapu golam upayoginchi taanu chuudaalanukunnadi chushanani mariyu vaati nundi athanu pondina yea gnaanaanikainaa chaalaa khareedainavi anie bhaavinchaadu. beeb snehitudu vaidyudu henry lloyd sahayamtho, beeb west indiisloo tuna kadupuloni vishayalanu pariseelistuu oka yaatranu nirvahinchaadu, idhi aneka jaatula chepala yokka gatamlo teliyani larva roopaalanu velikiteesindi. tirigi vacchina ventane, beeb baja california chuttoo unna jalaalaku sudeergha yaatraku bayaludaeraadu, dheeniki california vyaapaaravaetta templeton croker thana padava "zaca" loe nidhulu samakuurchaaru. eee yaatra yokka lakshyam eee praantamlooni samudragarbha jantujaalaanni dredging mariyu helmet diving upayoginchi adhyayanam cheyadam, mariyu beeb mariyu athani brundam akkada vaaru edurkonna jantuvula vaividhyaanni chuusi aascharyapoyaaru. aascharyapoyaaru beeb mexico nundi columbia varaku pasiphik teeram vembadi sthaanika vanyapraanulanu document chestu "zaca" loe rendava yaatraku vellaadu. eee yaatralo, thana jeevitamlo munupatilage samudra jantuvulapai ledhaa pakshulapai drushti pettadaniki badulu, paryaavarana vyavastha yokka anni amsaalanu namodu cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu. beeb thana "zaca venture" mariyu "dhi book off bays" pustakaalalo "zaca" loe thana rendu dandayaatralanu vivarinchaadu, indulo athanu bedirimpu aavasala gurinchi thana aandolananu mariyu maanava vidhvamsam patla thana niraasanu nokki cheppadu.
rendu "zaca" dandayaatrala samayamlo beebto paatu athani deerghakaala sahayakudu zaan tii-vaan, alaage joseline crain, crain nansach dveepamlo beeb kosam modatisaari panichesina yuva cancer nipunudu, aaa taruvaata thana jeevitaantam beeb yokka atyanta priyamaina sahacharulalo okarugaa unnaaru. aame mundu unna hollister laaga, elwith sahajeevanam lekunda beeb chesina sudeergha dandayaatrala samayamlo crain chivariki beeb yokka premikudigaa maarutundi. eee samayamlo beeb vinnie-dhi-pooh srushtikarta eah thoo kooda sannihita snehaanni yerparachukuntondi. eah. ara mailu diguva" gurinchi raasina milne, neenu mimmalni ekkuvagaa asuyapadedi emito naaku teliyaduh meeku unna mariyu naaku laeni naitika mariyu saareeraka lakshanaalannii, ledhaa kotta prapancham yokka adbhutaalu. [...] neenu nijamgaa garvapade prapanchamlo konni vishayaalalo okati, naaku beeb avtundani telusu."
ushnamandala praantaalaku tirigi vellu.
beeb 1930la antataa atuvanti dveepaanni thana karyakalapala sthaavaramgaa upayoginchadam konasaginchinappatiki, konasaginchinappatiki rendava prapancha yuddham prarambhamainappudu bermudanu newyorku anusandhaaninche padava tvaralo tudi dasaku cherukuntundani prakatinchaaru, beeb mariyu athani brundam akkada tama stationnu tondaragaa vidichipettaalsi vachindi. vachindi bermudaaku mariyu akkadi nundi ravana tirigi praarambhamaindi, mariyu 1941 maeloe beeb akkadaku tirigi vachindi, conny yuddham kaaranamgaa paryaavaranam nemmadigaa roopaantaram chendutondi. pedda sankhyalo sainika noukalu dockingnu kashtataram chesaayi, vimaanaasrayaanni nirminchadaaniki dveepamlooni chaalaa dibbalu naasanam cheyabaddaayi, mariyu nirmaana karyakalapalu mariyu kalushyam kalayika samudra jeevitam asaadhyamani gamaninchindi. eee vidhvamsamtho digbhraantiki guraina beeb chivaraku nansach dveepamlo thana stationnu oka sainika contractorku addeku icchi newyork tirigi vacchaadu.
bermudalo tama station kolpoyina taruvaata, beeb mariyu elswith iddaroo santoshamgaa undagala parisoedhanaa kendraanni kanugonadamlo raajee paddaru. samasheetoshna vaataavaranamloo chaalaa santrupti chendina elswith, nyuu inglandlo thana rachananu konasaginchagala inti kosam vetakadam praarambhinchindi. intalo, beeb, antakumundu kalakoon maadirigaane atavee nirmuulanaku guraina cartabo sthaanamlo kotta ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendram kosam vetakadam praarambhinchindi. chivariki vermontloni wilmington sameepamlo oka chinna polaanni konugolu cheyadaaniki beeb elswith kuu sahayam chesaadu, akkada athanu aamenu tarachugaa sandarsinchevaadu. beeb dandayaatralalo tanaku asoukaryamgaa undani, anduvalla vaariddaruu tama vruttini tama vyaktigata jeevitaalaku vaerugaa unchadaaniki angeekarinchaarani elwith oka patrika interviewlo vivarinchaaru.
praamaanika chamuru mariyu guggenheim foundation aardhika sahayamtho, beeb thana tadupari parisoedhanaa kendraanni trinidad mariyu tobagoku paschimaana venijulaalooni oka chinna nagaramaina kaaripitolo sthaapinchaadu. beeb mariyu athani brundam eee praanta paryaavaranaanni adhyayanam cheyadaaniki eee stationnu upayoginchaaru mariyu daani nivaasulu daani tadi mariyu podi rutuvula chakram dwara elaa prabhaavitamayyaaro namodu chesaaru. eee praantam nundi vacchina oka mukhyamaina adhyayanam khadgamruga beatles magavaalla madhya pootiiloo tama kommulanu upayoginchina modati documentation, vaari kommulu mamsaahaarula nundi rakshana kosam kakunda laingika empika kosam anusarana anie rujuvu chesindi. caripito vadda beeb chesina parisoedhana phalavantamainappatiki, daani tadi-podi chakram yokka kona oka parisoedhanaa kendramgaa aacharana saadhyam kaadani, mariyu eee praantamloo vistaristunna chamuru karyakalapalu sthaanika paryaavaranaanni naasanam chese pramaadamloo unnayani ayana bhaavinchaaru. eee kaaranaala valla, beeb thana modati season tarvaata caripito tirigi raaledu.
1944 vasantakaalamlo, joseline crain venijulaaku tirigi vacchi, caripito vadda unna feeled station sthaanamlo kotta feeled station kosam vetakadaaniki vetakadaaniki vellaadu. rancho grande anie piluvabade aame kanugonna pradaesam, praarambhamlo henry pittiyar jaateeya udyaanavanamlo venezuvela niyanta juvan vicente gomez kosam oka rajabhavanamga uddesinchabadindi. gomez maranam taruvaata rajabhavanam nirmaanam asampuurnamgaa migilipoyindi, appati nundi bhavanam yokka vistaaramaina kaaridaarlu mariyu balroomlu jaagvarlu, tapirlu mariyu somaritanaaniki nilayamgaa marai. beeb yokka itara ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendraala maadirigaa kakunda, ivi lothattu praantaalalo unnaayi, rancho grande "antima megha adavi" gaa varninchabadina parvatapraantamlo undhi. venijulaalooni oka praamaanikamaina spin-off ayina creol petrolium, station kharchunu bharinchadaaniki angeekarinchindi mariyu beeb mariyu athani brundam upayoginchadaaniki vistaaramaina nirmaanamloo oka chinna bhaganni puurti chesindi. beeb mariyu athani brundam brundam venezula prabhutvaaniki atithulugaa akkada panicheyadam praarambhinchaaru.
rancho grande venezulan teerapraanta shreni anie piluvabade andees saakhalooni oka parvata kanuma vadda undhi, idhi seethaakokachilukalaku mukhyamaina valasa maargam, mariyu eee station keetakaala adhyayanamlo chaalaa labhadayakamga niroopinchabadindi. rancho grande vadda thana pani samayamlo, beeb nicchena nundi padipovadamtho athani kaalu virigindi, mariyu athani kaalu taaraaganamlo undatam valla erpadina balavantamgaa kadile sthairyamu ataniki aaa praanta vanyapraanulanu gamaninchadaaniki kotta avakaasaanni andinchindi. athani abhyardhana meraku, atanni mariyu athani kurcheeni sameepamloni adaviloki ravana chesaaru, athanu kadalakunda kuurchunnappudu athani chuttoo unna adavi jantuvulu athani unikini gamaninchakundaa tama vyapaaraanni praarambhinchaayi. athani sthirathvam ataniki binacularla dwara oka jatha gabbilala faalkanlanu gamanistuu, vaari rendu kodipillala pravartananu mariyu vaari tallidandrulu vaariki tinipinche prati era vastuvunu namodu chestu gantalalo gantalu gadipe avakaasaanni kooda andinchindi. ayana pariseelanalu pakshulalo aataku modati document chesina udaaharanhatho sahaa vignaana saastraaniki kotta aneka pravartanalanu namodu chesaayi.
beeb mariyu athani brundam 1945 mariyu mariyu rancho grande vadda laabhadaayakamaina seasonlanu aasvaadinchinappatikii, vaaru vaaru akkadaku tirigi raaledu. vaaru tama vaarshika nivedikalo ivvadaaniki kaaranam emitante, munupati rendu seasonlu chaalaa vishayalanu utpatti chesaayi, daanini vislaeshimchadaaniki vaariki adanapu samvatsaram avasaramaindi, conny vaastavaaniki, idhi taginanta nidhulu lekapovadam mariyu venezula rajakeeyaala asthira sthithi phalitamgaa undhi. beeb beeb rancho grandeku tirigi vacchaadu, akkada athanu pakshulu mariyu keetakaala valasa namuunaala gurinchi aneka saanketika patraalanu puurti chesaadu, alaage aaa praanta paryaavarana saastrampai samagra adhyayananni joseline craintho kalisi rachinchaadu. eee praanta rajakeeyaalu tvaralo akkada vaari parisoedhananu muginchavacchani grahinchina joseline, 1948 vasantakaalamlo trinidad mariyu tobagolaku oka pakka paryatana chesi, rajakeeyaalu marinta surakshitamgaa unde parisoedhanaa kendram kosam oka sthalaanni kanugonaalane aasatoe vellaaru. chivaraku, 1948 venezula tirugubaatu dii 'etat marcos perez gymeneznu venezula niyantagaa niyaminchinappudu, beeb taanu ikapai venijulaalo panicheyadam konasaginchalenani nirnayinchukunnadu. beeb thana 1949 pustakam "hye jangil" loe rancho grande vadda thana anubhavalanu vivarinchaadu, idhi beeb yokka pradhana pustakaalalo chivaridi.
janavari adhikarikamga, newyork zoological society vaari kosam beeb chesina pani yokka 50va vaarshikotsavaanni ghnaapakam chesukovadaniki jarupukundi. eee samayaniki athanu jantupradarsanasaala yokka asalu sibbandilo migili unna ekaika sabhyudu, mariyu itara udyogula kante ekkuva panditya patraalanu mariyu pracharanni utpatti chesaadu. beeb panichesina itara saastravettala nundi lekhalu mariyu sakshyalu vachayi, idhi athani patla vaari prasamsalanu mariyu vaaripai athani prabhavanni dhruveekaristundi. haarvard jeevasaastravetta ernst mayer raasina oka lekhalo beeb yokka rachanalu thana sonta rachanalaku, mukhyamgaa "nemali yokka monograph" mariyu adavi vanyapraanula gurinchi beeb yokka pustakaalaku preranagaa unnayani raasaaru.
trinidad mariyu tobagolo chivari samvatsaraalu.
trinidad mariyu tobagolo sambhaavya parisoedhanaa kendram kosam joseline crain chesina anveshana phalitamgaa arima loyaku edurugaa unna kondapai unna illu pacchani loyagaa piluvabadindi. piluvabadindi, rancho grande sthaanamlo shaashwata parisoedhanaa kendraanni upayoginchadaaniki beeb eee estatenu konugolu chesaaru. rudyard kippling rachanalalo kanipinche bharatadesamloni konda paeru meeda beeb eee estate paeru simla gaa marcharu. athanu taruvaata estate gurinchi thana parichayaanni gurtinchina vidhi bhavanni vivarinchaaduh
simla vadda beeb mariyu athani brundam aasa mariyu nyuu cuum rait, prakkane unna spring hill estate yajamaanulato kalisi panicheesaaru, vaaru simla vadda neeru mariyu vidyuttunu anusandhaaninchinappudu vaariki vasati kalpinchaaru. simla prarambha konugolulo illu mariyu daani chuttoo unna adavi matrame unnappatikee, taanu nirvahinchaalanukunna parisoedhanaku idhi saripodani beeb twaralone grahinchi, seyint anie piluvabade maroka porugu estatenu konugolu chesaadu. pats loe adanapu undhi. beebku, beeb rendu aastulanu newyork zoological sosaiteeki oka dollarku viraalamgaa icchaadu, idhi ataniki samaajamlooni "shaashwata labdhidaarulalo" okarigaa sthaanam ichindi.
simla vadda parisoedhana adhikarikamga adhikarikamga praarambhamaindi. simla vadda beeb parisoedhana thana parisoedhana yokka aneka prarambha dasala amsaalanu militam chesindi, indulo aaa praanta pakshula jeevita chakraala pariseelanalu, adavilooni chinna praantaalalo prati mokka mariyu jantuvu yokka vivaranaatmaka vislaeshanhalu mariyu keetakaala pravartana adhyayanalu unnaayi. eee kaalamlo ayana roopondinchina shaastreeya patraalalo keetakaalu kendra binduvugaa undevi, idhi ayana gatha adhyayana praantaala nundi keetaka shaastra rangamloki parivartananu suuchistumdi. sthaanika pillalu kramaanugatamgaa simla vadda beeb cheyadaaniki jantuvula namuunaalanu teesukuvacchi vaatini vargeekarinchamani adigaru. american museum off natural histareeki namuunaalanu teesukuvacchina thana chinnanati prarambha adhyayanalanu gurthuchesukuntu, ayana vaaritho kalisi santoshamgaa panicheesaaru.
 panicheesaaru, thana debbai aidava puttinarojuna, beeb newyork department off zoological society director padavi nundi padavee viramana chesi director emeritus ayyaru, joseline crain assistant directorga padoonnati pondaaru. prakruti saastravettagaa ayana jeevitakaala krushiki gouravasuuchakamgaa, beebku beebku theodor roosvelt vishishta seva patakaanni pradaanam chesaaru. beeb yokka chivari pradhana yaatra yaatra jarigindi, 45 samvatsaraala kritam thana nemali dandayaatra samayamlo athanu teesukunna marganni tirigi kanugonadam, maanava aakramanalaku pratispandanagaa athanu gatamlo adhyayanam chesina janabha elaa undho telusukovalane uddesyamto. asea yokka fiddler peetalanu document chese uddesyamto eee yaatralo joseline athanitho paatu vellaadu. eee yaatralo joseline adhyayanalu aame monograph "fiddler crobs off dhi varald" kuu aadhaaramgaa panichesinappatiki, beeb aaa samayamlo thana sonta pariseelanala phalitaalanu eppuduu prachurinchaledu.
beeb yokka taruvaati samvatsaraallo, jeevasaastramlooni aneka itara rangaalalo parisoedhakulaku simla oka mukhyamaina sekarana kendramgaa undedi. akkada adhyayanalu nirvahinchadaaniki mariyu beebto aalochanalanu marpidi chesukovadaniki sandarsinchina itara jeevasaastravettalalo myrmecologist ted sneerla, ethologist konrad lorenz, entomologist linkan braur, ethologist donald griffin mariyu pakshula shaastravetta david snow unnaaru. manchu simla nii kramam tappakunda sandarsinchedigaa maarindi, daaniki badulugaa beeb manchu yokka sonta parisoedhanaloo kontha bhaagaaniki aardhika sahayam andinchaadu. simla vadda thana sandarsakulaku elaa spandistado nirnayinchadaaniki beeb oka asaadhaarana paddhatini roopondinchaadu. akkada athani terrosnu vinnie-dhi-pooh nundi vacchina paatrala vigrahaalato alankarinchaaru, idhi oka vyakti nundi bahumatigaa vachindi. eah. milne. eee paatralanu milne srushtulugaa gurtinchina sandarsakulanu beeb utsaahamgaa swaagatinchagaa, vaatini gurtinchani vaaru vellae varaku beeb dwara bharinchaaru.
beeb thana vruddhaapyam varaku baga churukuga unnadu. unnadu, enabhai samvatsaraala vayassulo, athanu pakshula goollanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki jaarudu chettu trunklanu ekkagala saamarthyam kaligi unnadu. ayithe, 1959 natiki athani balam taggipoyindi, sudeergha ettugaa ekki, chetla ekkadam ataniki aacharanaatmakamainavi kaavu, mariyu pakshula goollanu vichhedanam cheyadam vanti vaati nirmaana paddhatini vislaeshimchadaaniki prayogasaalalo nirvahinchagala panitho athanu santrupti chendaadu. beeb kooda gonthu vyaadhitho badhapadatam praarambhinchindi, idhi sjogrens syndrome kaavacchu, dheeniki kaaranam emito puurti avagahana laenappatikee, beeb mariyu athani vaidyulu dheenini "mamidi noru" anie pilicharu. idhi athani swarampai choope prabhavam kaaranamgaa beeb matlade kaaryakramaalanu angeekarinchadaaniki ishtapadaledu, ayinappatikee athanu joseline sahayamtho konni sandarbhaallo upanyaasaalu ivvadam konasaginchadu.
beebto thana chivari samavesam gurinchi henry fairfield osborne, juuniyar. beeb yokka chivari konni samvatsaraalalo athanu kramamga anaarogyamtho elaa maraninchaado vivaristundi, chivariki daadaapu sthiramgaa mariyu matladalekapoyadu. ayithe, beeb vyaktigata vaidyudu eah. ii. beeb thana "mamidi noru" thana prasamgaanni tatkalikamga aspashtam chesina kaalaaniki adanamgaa, daadaapu thana chivari roeju varaku sahayam lekunda teelikagaa mariyu kadalagaligi unnaadani paerkontuu hill oka bhinnamaina kathanaanni andistundi. beeb thana chivari samvatsaraallo simla vadda thana sandarsakulapai aacharanaatmaka jokulu aadataaniki ishtapadataadani, maraninchina koddi rojullone thana haasya bhavanni konasaaginchaadani rendu vruttaamtaalu angeekaristunnaayi.
vilium beeb 1962 juun 4naa simla vadda pneumoniatho maraninchaadu. athani korikala prakaram, athanu speyin naukaasrayamlooni mucurapo smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaadu. trinidad mariyu tobago mariyu newyork nagaram rendintiloonuu smaaraka sevalu jarigaayi, tadwara prapanchamlooni rendu praantaalalo beeb snehitulu haajaru kaavacchu. beeb maranam taruvaata, joseline athani taruvaata ushnamandala parisoedhana vibhagam directorga panicheesaaru mariyu beeb yokka migilina maajee sibbandito paatu simla stationnu nadapadam konasaaginchaaru.
thana maranam taruvaata elwith thana jeevita charitranu vraastaadani beeb tarachugaa aandolana chendaadu. eee avakaasaanni nivaarinchadaaniki, athanu thana patraalu mariyu patrikalannintini joselinku vadilesadu. vadilesadu elswith maraninchina taruvaata, joseline beeb yokka patraalanu prinsetton vishwavidyaalayam yokka firestone libraryloni arudaina pustakaalu mariyu pratyeka sekaranala vibhaagaaniki viraalamgaa icchaaru. firestone libraryni kaligi unnappatikee, joseline anumati lekunda beeb yokka patraalu andubaatulo laevu, mariyu joseline rachayita karol grant gouled kuu beeb jeevita charitra raayadaaniki anumati ichhe varaku chaalaa mandhi panditulu vaatini upayoginchakundaa nirodhinchabaddaaru. vanyapraanula parirakshana sangham yokka aarkaivlu kooda ushnamandala parisoedhana vibhaagaaniki sambandhinchina aneka sekaranalanu kaligi unnaayi.
vyaktitvam mariyu saamskrutika chitram.
vilium beeb television rojula mundu yea itara american prakruti shaastravetta kante united stateslo ekkuva prasiddhi chendaadu. pramukha mariyu vidya prapanchaalalo palgonna shaastreeya rachayitagaa, athanu taruvaata stephen jay gouled pooshinchina paatraku samaanamaina paatranu poeshinchaadu. newyork nagaramloni garjistunna iravailalo beeb oka prasiddha vyakti mariyu fennie hurst mariyu cartoonist roob goldbergto sahaa aaa kaalamlooni aneka itara prasiddha vyaktulatoe sneham chesaadu. athanu saampradaaya konamlo saareerakamgaa andamgaa laenappatikee, thana utsaaham, telivitaetalu mariyu tejassu kaaranamgaa prati saamaajika mariyu vruttiparamaina paristhitipai aadhipatyam chelaayinchevaadu. blair nundi chaalaa pracharam pondina vidaakulu mariyu taruvaata elswith thoo vivaham phalitamgaa, athanu mahilalatho thana tuphaanu sambandhaalaku kooda prasiddhi chendaadu.
beeb thana matha vishwaasaalanu presbyterianism mariyu bouddhamatam kalayikaga abhivarninchaadu. sahaja prapanchampai thana vismaya bhavananu, ascharyaanni daani paniteerupai shaastreeya avagaahanato militam cheyadaaniki prayatninchadam valla athani matam ekkuvagaa erpadindi. socialism ledhaa mahilalu purushula kante takkuva sthaayivaaranna nammakam vanti raajakeeya siddhaantaalanu samarthinchadaaniki vignaana saastraanni upayoginche prayatnaalanu ayana teevramgaa vimarsinchaaru. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo jantupradarsanasaalalo thana samakaaleenulalo kondaru sahaa aneka mandhi jeevasaastravettalu samardhinchina eugenic aalochanalanu kooda beeb niraakarinchaaru, ayithe eee aalochanalu jantupradarsanasaala snehitulanu dhooram chestayane bhayam mariyu daani sibbandilo vibhajanalaku kaaranamavutaayane bhayam kaaranamgaa idhi jarigindi.
beeb janthupradarshanashaalaloni thana paie adhikaarulalo kontamandito, mukhyamgaa harnadetho, samasyaatmaka sambandhaanni kaligi unnadu, athanu marinta nidhulu mariyu sibbandi kosam beeb yokka nirantara demandlapy agraham vyaktam chesaadu, alaage beeb yokka kereer abhivruddhi chendutunna koddi athanu kramamga janthupradarshanashaalanu chusukovadaniki takkuva samayanni vecchinchaadu. jantusastra samajam yokka grandhaalayamlo appuga teesukunna pustakaalanu tirigi ivvadam gurinchi beeb marchipovadam anedi oka pratyaekamaina asammati amsam, dheeni phalitamgaa appudappudu samvatsaraalu paatu kanipinchakundaa poyevi. ayithe, hornaday beebto thana vibhedaalanu eppuduu bahirangamgaa vyaktam cheyaledu mariyu itarulu vimarsinchinappudu beeb yokka panini samarthinchadaaniki venukaadaledu.
beeb thana anni dandayaatralalo thana aadhvaryamlo panichese prajala nundi adhika anchanaalanu kaligi unnadu, ayinappatikee athanu sambhaavya udyogulalo taanu vetukutunna khachitamaina lakshanaalanu eppuduu velladinchaledu. henry fairfield osborne juuniyar. thana prastuta vidhulatho visugunu thana abhyardhanaku oka kaaranamgaa shaastravetta varninchinappudu thanatho kalisi panicheyaalani korukune saastravettanu beeb tiraskarinchina oka sanghatananu vivaristundi. eee abhyardhanaku pratispandanagaa, beeb ilaa badulichaaduh
ayinappatikee beeb thana pramaanaalaku anugunamgaa undagala aaa udyogulaku unnata sthaayi vidheyatanu pradarsinchaadu. thana aadhvaryamlo panicheyadam valla ottidi chaalaa ekkuvagaa undani bhavinchinappudu, thana puttinaroju sameepistondani, daanini jarupukovadaniki thana sibbandiki pani nundi chaalaa rojulu khaalii untundani prakatinchaevaadu. atuvanti oka sandarbhamlo, beeb kinda panichestunna oka shaastravetta adhi nijaaniki beeb puttinaroju kaadani tanaku telusani ataniki gusagusaladinappudu, beeb "oka vyaktiki avasaramainappudu puttinaroju undaali" anie badulichaadu.
pani mariyu vaarasatvam yokka prabhavam.
vilium beeb ippudu ecology anie piluvabade rangamlo maargadarsakudu. jeevulu nivasinche paryaavarana vyavasthala sandarbhamlo vaatini ardham chesukovali anae ayana siddhaantam aaa samayaniki puurtigaa kottadi mariyu atyanta prabhaavavantamainadi. aranyamlooni oka chinna praantamlooni anni jeevulanu kramabaddhamgaa vislaeshimchadaaniki ayana kanugonna paddhati eee rangamlo oka praamaanika paddhatigaa maarindi. beeb samudra shaastra rangamlo kooda maargadarsakudu, thana snaanagola divesto oka udaaharananu nelakolpaadu, dheenini chaalaa mandhi itara parisoedhakulu anusaristaaru.
ii. oo. willson, sylvia erley mariyu ernst mayer andaruu beeb yokka panini vaari sonta vrutti empikapai prabhavam chooputundani abhivarninchaaru. itara parisoedhakulapai beeb yokka prabhavalalo atyanta mukhyamainadi rachel carson, athanu beebnu snehitudigaa mariyu preranagaa bhaavinchaadu. carson thana 1951 pustakam "dhi sea arround ass" nuu beebku ankitam chesi, "samudram yokka rahasyam mariyu ardhamlo naa shoshana prerepinchabadindi mariyu vilium beeb yokka sneham mariyu prothsaahamtho eee pustakam rayadam sahaayapadindi."jeevasaastramlo prayogasaala adhyayanalu prabalamaina dhoranigaa maarutunna samayamlo kshetra parisoedhanaku beeb punaruddharinchina praadhaanyata kaaranamgaa, jaine gudal mariyu georg shaller vanti iteevali kshetra parisoedhakulu kooda konnisaarlu athani medho varasuluga pariganinchabadataaru.
shaastreeya mariyu prajaadarana pondina prekshakula kosam rayadam dwara, beeb vignaana saastraanni saadhaarana prajalaku andubaatulo unchadaaniki chaalaa chesindi. idhi parirakshana rangamlo mukhyamgaa mukhyamainadi, dheeniki ayana atyanta mukhyamaina prarambha nyaayavaadulalo okaru. paryaavarana vinaasanam yokka pramaadaala gurinchi thana aneka rachanalatho, beeb eee amsam gurinchi prajalalo avagahana penchadaaniki sahayapaddadu. edemaina, prajaadarana pondina prekshakula kosam beeb yokka phalavantamaina rachanalo oka pratikuulata undhi, athani kaalamlooni itara saastravettalu atanni prajaadarana pondina vyaktigaa bhaavinchinanduna atanni unnata sthaayilo unchadaaniki ishtapadaledu.
thana vrutti jeevitamlo, beeb thana naalugu-valuemla pheasant monographto sahaa 800 vyasalu mariyu 21 pustakaalanu rachinchaadu. ayana paeru meeda mottam 64 jantuvulu unnaayi, mariyu ayana oka kotta jaathi pakshi mariyu 87 jaatula chepalanu vivarinchaadu (chudandi). ayana vivarinchina chepalalo 83 sampradaaya paddhatiloo cheyabaddaayi, migilina naalugu drushya pariseelanala aadhaaramgaa cheyabaddaayi.
ayana thana snaanagolamlo dives chesetappudu gamaninchina drushya vivaranala aadhaaramgaa matrame vivarinchina naalugu jaatula beeb yokka chellubaatupai ecthiologylo oka sudeergha vivaadam undhi. kotta jaatiki paeru pettadaniki saadhaaranamgaa oka rakamaina namuunaanu pondadam mariyu vislaeshimchadam avasaram, idhi snaanagolam lopala nundi spashtamgaa asadhyam. beeb yokka vimarsakulalo kondaru eee chepalu batisfir kitikeepai ghaneebhavanam phalitamgaa vacchina bhramalu anie, ledhaa aaa beeb kooda uddeshapoorvakamgaa vaatini tayaaru chesindani paerkonnaaru, ayithe beeb yokka nijayiti mariyu kathinamaina saastravettagaa unna pratishtaku idhi balamgaa viruddhamgaa undedi. batisfir nundi beeb yokka aneka pariseelanalu samudragarbha photography purogathitho dhruvikarinchabadinappatiki, itarulu telisina samudra jantuvu yokka vivaranaku saripoyara anedi aspashtamgaa undhi. oka avakaasam emitante, eee jantuvulu nijamgaa unnappatikee, lothaina samudramlo jeevitam gurinchi chaalaa kanugonabadaali, eee jantuvulanu athanu tappa marevaruu inca chudaledu.
kotta taxa gurinchi ayana chesina vivaranalatoe paatu, saadhaaranamgaa beabs fiddler peetha anie piluvabade peetha "leptuca bb" kii ayana gouravaartham paeru pettaru.
tetrapterics.
pheasant phylogeny mariyu galapagos dheevulalo jeevitam gurinchi thana adhyayanala vislaeshanhatoe paatu, beeb, pakshula puurveekulu "tetrapterics dasha" anie ayana perkonna daani gundaa vellaarani, vaati mundu mariyu venuka avayavaalapai rekkalu unnayani, parinaamaatmaka jeevasastra rangaaniki thana atyanta mukhyamaina rachanalalo okatigaa pariganinchaadu. konni aadhunika pakshula kukala mariyu pindaalu kaallapai podavaina quill eekalu kaligi unnayani thana pariseelanapai beeb eee siddhaantaanni aadhaaramgaa chesukunnadu, dheenini athanu atavismga bhaavinchaadu; athanu "archaeopterics" namoonaalalo okadaanipai legg-rekkala avasheshaalanu kooda gamaninchaadu. beeb thana aalochananu aalochananu "zoologica" loe prachurinchabadina oka patrikalo "pakshula puurveekulaloo tetrapterics dasha" anae sheershikato vivarinchaadu.
gerhard healman thana 1926 pustakam "pakshula muulam" loe beeb yokka tetrapterics parikalpananu gananeeyamaina podavugaa charchinchaaru. beeb namodu chesina legg-rekkalaku adanapu aadhaaraalanu kanugone aasatoe, beeb adhyayanam chesina vaatitho daggari sambandham unna mariyu marinta aadima jaatulaku chendina aneka itara pakshi jaatula podalu, hillman pariseelinchaaru. atuvanti aadhaaraalanu kanugonadamlo viphalamaina taruvaata, healman chivariki beeb yokka tetrapterics parikalpananu tiraskarinchaadu, mariyu idhi taruvaati aneka dasaabdaala paatu pakshula saastravettala madhya ekaabhipraayamgaa undipoyindi. ayithe, beeb 1940la chivari varaku thana tetrapterics parikalpananu munduku teesukelladam konasaginchadu.
konasaginchadu, beeb yokka tetrapterics parikalpanaku "microraptor gui" anae chinna rekkalugala dainosar aavishkarana maddatu ichindi, idhi daani mundu mariyu venuka avayavaalapai asamaanamaina egurutuu unde eekalu kaligi undhi. beeb yokka tetrapterics parikalpana ippudu shareera nirmaana shaastram mariyu "microraptor gui" yokka gliding bhangima rendinti gurinchi anchanaa vaeyadaaniki purvabhaavigaa pariganinchabadutundi, idhi oo. prum "[kanipistunnatlugaa] beeb yokka notebookla paejeela nundi neerugaa bayataku jaarinatlu varninchindi."eee jantuvu yokka aavishkarana pakshi egaradam yokka moolamlo kaalu eekalu mukhyamaina paatra poeshinchaayanae beeb siddhaantaanni punaruddharinchadam yokka prabhavanni kaligi undhi.
vilium beeb ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendram.
kendram vilium beeb maranam taruvaata, simla looni athani parisoedhanaa kendram joseline crain nirvahanalo, vilium beeb ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendram anae kotta paerutoe panicheestuunee undhi. ayithe, joseline parisoedhanaloo aame ekkuva kaalam uttaraana prayaaninchaalsi vachindi kabatti, 1965 natiki station nadapadaniki aameku chaalaa takkuva samayam undedi. 1971 natiki, eee station nirupayogamgaa padi, moosiveyabadinatlu prakatinchabadindi. intalo, aasaa rait yokka aarogyam aame vruddhaapyamlo ksheeninchadam praarambhinchadamtho, aame maranam taruvaata aame poruguna unna spring hill estate developerla chetilo kolpovachani aame snehitulu bhayapadatam praarambhinchaaru mariyu estatenu konugolu chesi, daanini aasaa rait prakruti kendramgaa maarchadaaniki oka trustnu sthaapinchaaru. sthaapinchaaru, beeb yokka aastini kottagaa sthaapinchabadina aasaa rait prakruti kendraaniki viraalamgaa icchaaru.
ippudu aasaa rait prakruti kendram nirvahanalo, vilium beeb ushnamandala parisoedhanaa kendram kramamga punaruddharinchabadindi. idhi ippudu marosari parisoedhanaloo churukuga palgontondi mariyu saastravettalaku oka mukhyamaina samavesa sthalam. dasaabdaala kritam vilium beeb adhyayanam chesina humming birds, tanagers mariyu ayil birds yokka adhe janabhanu gamaninchagala pakshula pariseelakulaku kooda idhi oka prasiddha gamyasthanam.

