eperior yuddham

epeere yuddham (15 september 1793) modati sankeerna poraatamlo oka pedda yuddhamlo bhaagamgaa undhi, idhi francois christophe dii kellerman netrutvamloni republican french sainyanni montferrat duke prins marizio netrutvamloni sankhyaaparamgaa balamaina sardinia-peedmont sainyaniki vyatiraekamgaa nilabettindi. austrian commander inn cheef joseph nicolus dii wins mottam naayakatvamlo, montferrat 1793 augustu madhyalo french nundi duchy off saavoynu tirigi swaadheenam chesukovadaniki daadi praarambhinchaadu. frenchivaaru leone muttadilo nimagnamai unnanduna, peedmantees chaalaa varaku maurien mariyu tarrentise loyalanu tirigi pondaaru, conny avi albertville mariyu saavoy yokka punah vijayam kante konchem dooramlone nilipiveyabaddaayi. septembarulo, kellerman pratidaadini praarambhinchaadu, dheenilo athanu peedmaanteesnu tarimikottadaaniki thana dalaalanu loyala madhya marchadu. epiyare vadda, zeane-denis lae doen aadhvaryamlo french vaaru sthaanika charyalo carden maarkvisnu oodinchaaru. october 8 natiki peedmantees tama labhalannintini vidichipetti, greyan alps sikharaalaku tirigi vellaaru. athani vijayam unnappatikee, paarislooni anumaanaaspada raajakeeya nayakulu kellarmaannu arrestu chesi, november 1794 varaku khaidu chesaaru.
nepathyam.
shanti.
sardiniyaaku chendina raaju vijaeta moodava amadius french viplavam patla ayishtamgaa chushadu, conny thana pedda poruguvaari samasyalalo paalgonadaaniki niraakarinchaadu. athani alludu count off provence (taruvaata fraansku chendina luis XVII ayyadu) mariyu athani sodarudu count off artois (taruvaata fraansku chendina charless X ayyadu) viplavam samayamlo sardinia raajyaaniki paaripoyaaru. iddaru alludu french prabhutvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa kutra cheyadam dwara udriktatalaku kaaranamayyaaru, conny iddaroo 1791 praarambhamlo rajyaanni vidichipettaru. chaaritraatmakamgaa, chaalaa mandhi french prajalu duchy off saavoy mariyu alpine sikharaala french vaipu unna nais, peedmont-sardinian bhuubhaagaalapai atyaasatoe chuusaaru. france thana "sahaja sarihaddulaku" vistarinchaalani vaaru vaadinchaaru. france eee preranapai charya teesukunte, telivigala mariyu nais yokka bhougolika sthaanaalu vaarini rakshinchadam kashtataram chestaayi.
1791 joolailo, france thana raajyampai daadi chesinatlayithe, vijaeta amadius hobsburg racharikanni sahayam kosam koraadu. hubsburg luu pakkane unna duchy off milan nuu kaligi unnaaru. unnaaru polland modati vibhajanalo balaheenamaina dhesha bhoomulanu swaadheenam chesukogala saamarthyam undani niroopinchukunnanduna hobsburglatho charchalu chaalaa gammattainavi. french prabhutvam 13 april 1792naa midi sainyanni srushtinchindi mariyu 1792 mae 15 natiki daani commander general anae-pierry, marquis dii montesque-phejenaknu krooramaina mariyu manchi meeda daadi cheyamani aadesinchindi. athani sainyam siddhamgaa lenanduna, montesque athani suuchanalanu patinchalekapoyadu, conny french vaaru daadi cheyadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaarani saardiniyanlaku telusu. avasaramainappudu sardinia-peedmont rajyaanni rakshinchadamlo sahaayapadataaniki feldmarshal-lutenant leopold lorenz vaan strassoldo aadhvaryamlo 8,000 mandhi austrian sainikulaku victor amadius chivaraku oka oppandaanni pondaadu. eee oppandam september 22naa santakam cheyabadindi, conny appatike chaalaa alasyam ayyindi.
yuddham.
1792 septembaru 21naa, monteskio aadhvaryamlo midi sainyam saavoypai daadi chesindi. montesquelo 33 padaatidala betalianlu, 11 aswikadalam squadronlu mariyu kontamandi jaateeya guardulalo sumaru 25,000 mandhi sainikulu unnaaru. atanni 10,000-12,000 peedmont-sardinian dalaalu vyatiraekimchaayi. september 24 natiki, frenchivaaru chamberilo unnaaru. septembaru 29naa, leftinent general jackwess bernard dii 'unselme 10,000 mandhi dalaalatoe chinna pratighatanaku vyatiraekamgaa manchigaa aakramincharu. 70 yella peedmantees commander general lazari asamarthudu kabatti french aakramanadaarulu tama pratyarthulanu takkuva pooraatamtoe sulabhamgaa oodinchaaru. thoti general, charless-francois thaan, count off seyint-andrey ilaa vraasaaru, "maa yuddha karyalayam chedugaa erpadindi, chedugaa nirdesinchabadindi mariyu daanilo edhee rahasyamgaa ledhu".
1792 aktobaru 1naa french prabhutvam midi sainyanni alps sainyam mariyu pyrinese sainyam gaa vibhajinchindi. aktobaru 7naa, unselme yokka dalam alps sainyam nundi vaeru cheyabadi, italii sainyaniki paeru pettaru. eee samayamlo, swiss dalaalu geneevaanu akraminchayi mariyu french prabhutvam montesque eee muppunu edurkovalani demand chesindi. athanu swiss thoo santruptikaramaina oppandaanni kudurchukunnadu, conny jaateeya sadassulo satruvaina raajakeeya nayakulu niraadhaaramaina aaropanalapai november 9naa atanini arrestu chesaaru. mundugaane samacharam icchina montesque november 13naa switzerlandku paaripoyaadu. dii 'unselme december 16naa tolaginchabaddaadu. sheethaakaala vaataavaranam ventane karyakalapalanu nilipivesindi. thana paschima bhoomulu entha sulabhamgaa padipoyayo chuusi digbhraantiki guraina vijaeta amadius, hobsburg austria tananu commander-inn-cheefga pampaalani abhyardhinchaadu. 1792 decemberu 21naa, hobsburg vaaru edu samvatsaraala yuddham mariyu austro-turkish yuddhamlo 61 yella anubhavagnudaina feldjegmester joseph nicolus dii vinsnu pampaaru.
1792 decemberulo, leftinent general francois christophe dii kellerman alps sainyaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. aneka vibhagalu pairineela sainyaniki pampabadinanduna, sainyamlo kevalam aidu regular regiments, 30 volunteer betalianlu, rendu regular aswikadalam regiments mariyu konni swatantra companylu matrame undevi. muster rolls loe 30,000 mandhi purushulu unnaaru, conny 16,000-20,000 mandhi matrame sevaku saripoyevaaru. 1793 maeloe alps sainyam 45,000 mandhi unnaaru, conny prati sainikudiki aayudhalanu sekarinchadam kashtam. sainyam yokka edama (uttara) paarsvam aarv nadhi loyalo geneevaaku dakshinaana undhi, dheenini fausigni anie kooda pilustaaru. dakshinaana velli, sainyam aisre nadhi loyanu mariyu daani eguva praantaalanu rakshinchindi, dheenini tarrentise loya anie pilustaaru; aark nadhi loya, dheenini maurien anie kooda pilustaaru; durance nadhi; mariyu ubey nadhi. kudi (dakshina) paarsvam balavardhakamaina camp dii tournox chetha langaru veyabadindi. kellerman oka adbhutamaina nirvahakudiga niroopinchabaddaadu. thana command padaveekaalamlo, athanu 50,000 mandhi purushulanu dharinchadaaniki mariyu 32,000 mandhi aayudhalanu dharinchadaaniki taginanta sarafaraalato depolanu erpaatu chesaadu.
eee sanghatanalu ugravaada paalanalo chaalaa mandhi generals meeda desadrohulugaa prajala anumanam vachinappudu jarigaayi. alps sainyamtho raajakeeya commissioner ayina piere chepee kellerman oka rahasya raacharikavaadi anie nammadu. maranasiksha vidhinchabadina prati general thana talanu kotti, thana shavam meeda vrelaadadeesina gurtuto talakrindulugaa velaadadeeyaalani chepee videsanga vyavahaaraala mantriki pratipaadinchaadu, "eee rakshasudu tananu taanu desamloni satruvulaku vikrayinchukunnadu..."alps sainyamtho missionloo unna pratinidhulu maerii-zeane herault dii seshels mariyu philibert saimand, kellerman yokka meyilnu terichaaru mariyu commander swachchanda sevakula kante saadhaarana dalaalanu ishtapadataarani, swiss kirai sainikulanu niyaminchukoevaalanukuntunnaaru mariyu athanu thana mudi dalaalanu drill cheyagaligela konni sthaanaala nundi upasamharinchukovadaaniki siddhamgaa unnaadani kanugonnaru. tama armi commander desadrohi kaavacchu anie bhayapadi, pratinidhulu, kontamandi sainikulu, poura adhikarulu kellarmaannu naalugu gantala paatu vichaarinchaaru. kellerman prasaantamgaa undi, taanu prabhutvaaniki vidheyudinani vaarini opikagaa oppinchaadu.
1793 mae 29naa leonelo tirugubaatu praarambhamaindi. juulai 8va teedeeloonae, pratinidhi edmond luis alexes dubois-crans kellerman thana sainyanni leonku nadipinchaalani korukunnadu, conny commander vraatapuurvaka aadesaanni nokki cheppadu. leone yokka pramukha jacobin ayina joseph challier paris nundi aaa nagaraniki oka gillitine pampinchaadu. athanu leonelo 900 mandhi prati-viplavakaarulanu uriteeyaalani yochinchadu, conny badulugaa atanni bandhinchaaru. juulai 18naa, challier thana sonta gillitainku baadhitudayyaadu. juulai 20naa, jaateeya samavesam leonelo tirugubaatunu anachiveyaalani kellarmaannu aadesinchindi. leonku vyatiraekamgaa velladam valla alpine sarihaddunu rakshinchadaaniki avasaramaina dalaalanu tolaginchavacchani general vimukhamgaa paerkonnaadu. ayinappatikee, kellerman 10,000 padaatidalam mariyu 3,000 aswikadalamtho augustu 6naa bayaludaeraadu. chivariki, leone muttadini mugimpuku teesukuraavadaaniki 28,000 mandhi dalaalu avasaramayyayi.
poraatam.
kellerman drushti leonpy kendrikrutamai, peedmantees athanu oohinchina daadini praarambhinchaadu. thana prasaantamaina maargamlo, dii wins adhe samayamlo telivigala mariyu manchi meeda daadi cheyadaaniki oka pranaalikanu roopondinchaaru. austrian commander-inn-cheef montferrat duke savoy kuu vyatiraekamgaa vellaalani korukunnadu, conny athanu tourin nundi rojuvaaree karyakalapalanu nirdesinchaalani bhaavinchaadu. tourin mariyu mundu bhaagaaniki madhya dhooram unnanduna idhi avaastavikamainadi. paristhitini klishtataram cheyadaaniki, peedmantees officer corps austrian general-majer yujeen-gilloum argentune dii wins cheef off stafga asahyinchukundi. augustulo saavoy operation praarambhamaindi, parvathaalalo manchu praarambhamlo vachinanduna seasonlo chaalaa alasyam ayindi.
1793 augustu 14naa, montferrat duke yokka kaalam chinna seyint bernard kanuma meedugaa velli tarrentise loyaloki kottukupoyindi. marinta dakshinaana, carden kaalam yokka marquis mont-senis kanumanu daati maurin loyaloki vellindi. brigade general francois joseph thoryllan yokka defending divisionlo, brigade general charless phillip badelan (ledhaa bagdelon yokka) brigade yokka general tarrentise loe mariyu brigade general zeane-denis leey doen yokka brigade marien loe undevi. montferrat yokka sainyam aagashtu 15naa sease vadda badelown mariyu aagashtu 18naa mootiers thoo gharshanaku digi, rendu saarlu frenchnu odinchindi. borg-seyint-mauris mariyu seyint-martin-dii 'aark vadda paatukupoyina shibiram rendoo montferrat chetulloki vachayi. rendu brigedlanu diguva loyalaloki tirigi tarimikottaaru. chivaraku badeloon albertville balamaina sthaanaanni chepattadu mariyu lae doen igbelle vadda oka rahadaarini erpaatu chesaadu. marinta uttaraana, maroka peedmantees nirliptata grate seyint bernard kanumanu daatadam dwara swiss tatasthatanu ullanghinchindi mariyu aarv loyaloki velli, saalaanchlanu swaadheenam chesukuni, frenchnu geniva sameepamlo carouse kii tirigi nadipinchindi. kellarmaannu marinta munduku nettivesthe, athanu chamberini vidichipetti, barrax kotaku upasamharinchukovaalani dubayrg nivedinchindi.
sankshobham unnappatikee, anni saktivantamaina raajakeeya agentlu antargata tirugubaatupai makkuva chuupaaru mariyu kellarmaannu okesari naalugu rojulaku paiga leone muttadini vidichipettadaaniki anumatinchaledu. kellerman 19 augustu 1793naa leone nuu vidichipetti, 21 augustu naa albertville mariyu igbelle rakshananu meruguparachadaaniki thana vanthu krushi chesaadu. athanu augustu 24naa lyon tirigi vacchaadu. ayithe, raajakeeya agentlu mundu bhaagamlo commander-inn-cheef unikini demand chesi, tama marganni pondaaru. kellerman tirigi savoy vaipu vaegamgaa vellaadu, leone muttadini dubois-crans mariyu general zeane-baptist luis phillip demuy chetha nirvahinchabadela chesadu. mission pratinidhi pierry jackwess derbez-lataur sainika suuchanalanu aadesinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu, kaani kellerman mariyu brigade general luis joseph maerii rogan dii carcaradec rajinama chestaanani bedirinchadam dwara athani jokyanni nilipivesaaru. augustu 31 nundi, kellerman adhikaarulanu prerepinchadaaniki grenoble, chamberi mariyu montmeliyanlaku prayaaninchaadu. athanu kudi vaipuna unna tournox shibiram nundi konni betalianlanu pilichi, umbularatory aasupatri rogulanu sevaloki netti, sthaanika national gaardunu pilipinchadaaniki raajakeeya agentlanu pampaadu.
montferrat munduku nokkadam yokka praamukhyatanu chudalekapoyinanduna, athani rendu stambhaalu vaeru cheyabadi loyalalo seesaalalo unchabaddaayi. carden balagalanu addukuni, modata montferratku vyatiraekamgaa panicheyaalani kellerman pranaalika veyadam dwara kendra sthaanam yokka vyuuhaanni upayoginchukunnadu. kellerman dorran loyaloki beaufort vaipu oka stambhaanni pampaadu. eee shakti dakshinaana aimeku anusandhaaninchadam dwara tarrentisenu adhigamistaamani bedirinchindi. intalo, kellerman yokka pradhana shakti aisre nadhi paiki kadilindi. maurien loe, carden thana edama venuka bhaagamlo unna french dalamtho paradhyanam chendaadu. peedmantees dandayaatra samayamlo, french sainikula brundam maureen nundi dakshinaana vellae oka pakka loyanu upasamharinchukundi mariyu valloyirnu pattukundi. ayinappatikee, carden yokka rekka montferrat dwara balopetam cheyabadaalani aasatoe september 10naa aark nadhi gundaa nadichindi.
carden yokka munduku saagutunna kaalam loe doen yokka dalaalu phirangi dalaanni erpaatu cheyadam kanugonnaru. chedu sikshana pondina oka french tupaki sibbandi pouder chaarj cheyadaaniki mundu round shotnu intiki dheekoni phirangini dhvamsam chesaaru. septembaru 15naa jarigina epir yuddhamlo 8,000 mandhi french sainikulu 6,000 mandhi sardinianlanu edurkonnaru. french vaari satruvulapai 1,000 mandhi praananastaanni kaligistuu 500 mandhi maraninchi, gayapaddaru. maroka muulam prakaram, epiyare krinda unna tadupari graamamaina argentinalo poraatam jarigindi. kathinamaina prayatnamtho french vaaru konni parvata tupaakulanu seyint-alban-dii 'hertiers varaku lagaru, daani nundi vaaru diguva peedmantees meeda aascharyakaramaina phirangini terichaaru, idhi vaarini bhayandolanaku gurichesindi. montferrat nundi etuvanti sahayam kanipinchaledu mariyu carden september 16naa seyint-zeane-dii-maurien vaddaku tirigi vachindi.
september 27 varaku manchu anni karyakalapalanu nilipivesindi, appudu leey doen maurin paiki munduku sagadu. september 29naa, leey doen dalaalu cole dii laa madaleen yokka dakshina nishkramananu swaadheenam chesukunnayi, montferrat mariyu carden madhya communicationlanu nilipivestunnaayi. kellerman yokka edama niluvu varusa september 28naa beaufortnu swaadheenam chesukundi. marusati roeju, cheff dii brigade jackwess-antoin dii chamberlock dii labespin carmet dii roselandnu swaadheenam chesukuni, frenchnu dakshinaana tarrentise loki vellae sthithilo unchaadu. kellerman aktobaru 2naa montferrat meeda daadi cheyaalani yochinchadu, pradhana stambham tartanise varaku mootiers vaipu payaninchindi, leey doen aagneya nundi cole dii laa madileen gundaa vachindi, mariyu chamberlock uttaraana beaufort nundi kadulutondi. thana sainikula kosam ucchu siddham cheyabadindani chuusi, montferrat loya varaku venakki vellaadu. october 3naa, kellerman montferrat yokka niluvu varusalooni chivari bhaagaalanu chinna seyint bernard paas paiki nettadu mariyu tarrentise spashtamgaa undhi.
vaegamgaa, kellerman cole dii laa madaleen meedugaa carden yokka kudi paarsvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa dalaalanu marchadu. valloire vadda balopetam cheyabadina french dalam carden yokka edama paarsvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa uttaraana nokkindi. eee bedirimpulu moden kuu upasamharinchukovadaaniki kaardannu balavantam chesaayi. aktobaru 4naa, kellerman cole dess encombress dwara mouriyenloki vacchi andubaatulo unna thana dalaalanu sameekarinchaadu. october 8 natiki, french vaaru mont-senis kanumapaiki carden rekkanu nadipi, mourinnenu tolaginchaaru. adhe samayamlo uttaraana unna peedmantees vaaru aarv loyanu vidichipettaru. matabhrashtamaina chepee kooda "kellerman niluvu varusalaku talagaa nilichi goppa kaaryaacharananu choopinchaadu" anie angeekarinchaadu. takkuva sikshana pondina french sainikula sankhya unnappatikee, vaaru tama satruvulanu telivigaa nundi tarimikottagaligaaru. modati nundi chivari varaku, 12,000 kante ekkuva mandhi sainikulatoe kellerman 18,000 mandhi peedmaanteesnu tarimikottaaru, 2,000 mandhi praananashtam kaliginchaaru.
paryavasanalu.
leone tirugubaatuku vyatiraekamgaa kellerman chaalaa nemmadigaa munduku saagaarani jaateeya samavesam nirnayinchindi. 1793 septembaru 12naa, praja bhadrata kamitee kellarmaannu tolaginchi, athani taruvaata kamandga division francois amedy dopet maajee doctor generalnu niyaminchindi. ayithe, doppet vachhe varaku arder kellarmanku ivvaalsina avasaram ledhu. chivaraku september 25naa dopet leone cherukunnappudu, dubois-crans kotta kamaandarnu muttadiki naamamaatrapu baadhyatagaa niyaminchi, kellarmaannu saavoy baadhyatagaa vadilesadu. kellerman taatkaalika nilupudalatoe asantrupti chendina praja bhadrata kamitee october 11naa ilaa aadesinchindihi 
saadhaaranamgaa missionlooni pratinidhulu generallanu khandinchaaru. eee sandarbhamlo, alps sainyam pratinidhulu kellerman panitiirutoe santoshinchaaru, conny paarislooni raajakeeya nayakulu atanini arrestu cheyaalani demand chesaaru. october 12naa, leone twaragaa longadeesukolekapoyinanduku french prabhutvam dubois-cransenu arrestu cheyaalani kooda aadesinchindi, conny aaa raajakeeyavetta daani nundi bayatapadagaligadu. peedmaanteesku vyatiraekamgaa vijayam saadhinchina taruvaata, kellerman october 16naa atanini arrestu cheyalane aadesaanni andukunnadu. ataniki gendorms yokka nirliptata rakshana kalpinchaalsi undhi, conny dopet atanni gendorms yokka oke adhikaarito munduku saagadaaniki anumatinchindi. kellerman 18 october naa paarisku bayaluderi, 6 november 1793 naa jailu dii ell abbaye vaddaku cherukunnadu. kellerman ugravaada paalana nundi bayatapaddadu, bahusha athanu walmy yuddhamlo heero ayinanduna. athanu vichaaranaku velli, november 8,1794naa nirdoshigaa prakatinchabaddaadu. kellerman yokka rank 15 janavari 1795naa punaruddharinchabadindi mariyu athanu aaa samvatsaram maarchilo alps sainyaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. chakravarthy nepolian 1804 mae 19naa kellarmaannu saamraajyaaniki marshalga niyaminchaadu. nepolian modati french saamrajyamlo nirvahakudiga kellerman pratibhanu upayoginchukunnadu, ayinappatikee athanu mallee yuddha kamaandnu kaligi laedu.
gamanikalu.
footnotes
ullekhanaalu

