biological computing

jeevasambandhamaina computerlu digital ledhaa nijamaina gananalanu nirvahinchadaaniki jeevasaastraparamgaa utpannamaina DNA mariyu/ledhaa proteins vanti anuvulanu upayogistaayi.
nanobiotechnology yokka kotta shaastram vistarinchadam dwara bio computerla abhivruddhi saadhyamaindi. nanobiotechnology anae padaanni aneka vidhaluga nirvachinchavacchu; marinta saadhaarana konamlo, nanobiotechnologyni naano-scale materials (i.ii. 1-100 nanometers lakshana kolatalu kaligina padaarthaalu) mariyu jeevasastra aadhaarita padaarthaalu. marinta nirbandhaatmaka nirvachanam suukshmajeeva saanketikatanu marinta pratyaekamgaa proteinla roopakalpana mariyu injaneeringgaa chustundi, veetini taruvaata pedda, kriyaatmaka nirmanaluga sameekarinchavachhu.
suukshmajeeva saanketika parignaanam amalu, eee sankuchita konamlo nirvachinchinatlugaa, saastravettalaku jeeva anuvula vyavasthalanu pratyaekamgaa injaneering cheyagala saamarthyaanni andistundi, tadwara avi chivariki computer yokka ganana kaaryaacharanaku daariteese paddhatiloo sankarshana chendutaayi.
shaastreeya nepathyam.
ganana vidhulanu nirvahinchadaaniki jeeva ganakaalu jeevasaastraparamgaa utpannamaina padaarthaalanu upayogistaayi. oka bio computerlo jeevasambandhamaina padaarthaalatho kuudina jeevakriya maargaala maargam ledhaa shreni untundi, ivi vyavastha yokka paristhitula (input) aadhaaramgaa oka nirdishta paddhatiloo pravartinchadaaniki roopondinchabaddaayi. phalitamgaa jarige praticharyala maargam oka avutputnu kaligi untundi, idhi bio computer yokka injaneering designpy aadharapadi untundi mariyu ganana vislaeshanha yokka oka roopamgaa ardham chesukovacchu. moodu pratyeka rakaalaina biocomputerlalo biochemical computerlu, biomechanical computerlu mariyu bioelectronic computerlu unnaayi.
jeevarasaayana computerlu.
jeevarasaayana computerlu ganana kaaryaacharananu saadhinchadaaniki jeeva rasayana praticharyala lakshanamaina apaaramaina vaividhyamaina feedback looplanu upayogistaayi. jeeva vyavasthalalo pratispandana looplu aneka roopaalanu teesukuntaayi, mariyu aneka vibhina karakalu oka nirdishta jeevarasaayana prakriyaku saanukuula mariyu pratikuula pratispandananu andistaayi, idhi varusaga rasayana utpatti perugudala ledhaa rasayana utpatti taggudalaku kaaranamavutundi. atuvanti karakalalo utpreraka enjaimla parimaanam, reactantla parimaanam, utpattula parimaanam mariyu paina perkonna karakalalo deeninainaa bandhinchi, tadwara rasayana praticharyanu marche anuvula uniki undavacchu. aneka vibhina yantraamgaala dwara niyantrinchabade eee jeevarasaayana vyavasthala swabhaavaanni batti, oka nirdishta utpattini oka nirdishta rasayana paristhitula samiti kinda mariyu maroka nirdishta utpattini maroka paristhitula samiti kinda utpatti cheyadaaniki pratispandinche paramaanu bhagala samititoe kuudina rasayana marganni injanir cheyavachu. maargam nundi phalitamayye nirdishta utpatti uniki oka sanketamgaa upayogapadutundi, dheenini itara rasayana sanketaalato paatu-vyavastha yokka prarambha rasayana paristhitula (input) aadhaaramgaa ganana avutputgaa ardham chesukovacchu.
biomechanical computerlu.
biomechanical computerlu biochemical computerlanu pooli untaayi, avi rendoo oka nirdishta operation nuu nirvahistaayi, veetini input gaa panichese nirdishta prarambha paristhitula aadhaaramgaa kriyaatmaka gananagaa ardham chesukovacchu. ayithe, avtput signalga sarigga panichese vishayamlo avi bhinnamgaa untaayi. jeevarasaayana computerlalo, konni rasaayanaala uniki ledhaa ekagrata input signalga panichestundi. ayithe, biomechanical computerlalo, prarambha paristhitula samitilo oka nirdishta anuvu ledhaa anuvula samiti yokka yaantrika aakaram avutputgaa panichestundi. biomechanical computerlu konni rasayana paristhitulalo konni bhouthika aakruteekaranalanu sweekarinchadaaniki nirdishta anuvula swabhaavampai aadhaarapadataayi. biomechanical computer yokka utpatti yokka yaantrika, trimiteeya nirmaanam kanugonabadutundi mariyu lekkinchina avutputgaa tagina vidhamgaa ardham chesukobadutundi.
bioelectronic computerlu.
electronic computing cheyadaaniki bio computerlanu kooda nirminchavacchu. mallii, biomechanical mariyu biochemical computerlu rendinti maadirigaane, inputgaa panichese prarambha paristhitula samiti aadhaaramgaa oka nirdishta avutputnu ardham chesukovadam dwara gananalu nirvahinchabadataayi. bioelectronic computerlalo, kolichina avtput anedi bioelectronic computerlo gamaninchabade vidyut vaahakata yokka swabhaavam. eee avutputlo biolectronic vyavastha yokka inputgaa panichese prarambha paristhitula aadhaaramgaa atyanta nirdishta paddhatullo vidyuttunu nirvahinche pratyaekamgaa roopondinchina jeeva anuvulu untaayi.
network aadhaarita bio computerlu.
networkla aadhaarita bio computinglo, molecular motor proteins ledhaa bacteria vanti sweeya chodaka jeeva agentlu, aasakti unna ganita samasyanu encode chese suukshma netvarknu anveshistaayi. network dwara agentla margalu mariyu/ledhaa vaari tudi sthaanaalu samasyaku sambhaavya parishkaralanu suuchistaayi. udaaharanaku, nikolau mariyu itarulu vivarinchina vyavasthalo.mobile molecular motor philamentlu enpi-complete problem subset mottaanni encoding chese network yokka "nishkramana" vadda kanugonabadataayi. tantuvulu sandarsinche anni nishkramanalu algorithanku saraina parishkaralanu suuchistaayi. sandarsinchani nishkramanalu parishkaram kaanivi. chalanasheelata proteins actin mariyu mayosin ledhaa kinessin mariyu microtubles. mayosin mariyu kinessin, varusaga, network chaanella diguva bhaagamlo jatacheyabadi untaayi. adenosine trifasphate (eah. tii. pii) nuu jodinchinappudu, actin tantuvulu ledhaa suukshma naalaalu chaanella dwara munduku saagutaayi, tadwara netvarknu anveshistaayi. rasayana shakti (eah. tii. pii) nundi yaantrika shakti (chalanasheelata) gaa shakti marpidi anedi ii thoo polchinappudu chaalaa samarthavantamgaa untundi.zii. electronic computing, kabatti computer, bhaarii samaantaramgaa undatame kakunda, ganana dasaku parimaanam takkuva saktini kooda upayogistundi.
injaneering bio computerlu.
ituvanti jeevasaastraparamgaa utpannamaina ganana vyavasthala pravartana vyavasthanu tayaaru chese nirdishta anuvulapai aadharapadi untundi, ivi pradhanamgaa proteins, conny dna anuvulanu kooda kaligi undavacchu. atuvanti vyavasthanu roopondinchadaaniki avasaramaina bahula rasayana bhaagaalanu samslaeshanha cheyadaaniki nanobio technology maargaalanu andistundi. protein yokka rasayana swabhaavam daani amaino aamlaala kramam dwara nirdesinchabadutundi-proteinla rasayana nirmaana vibhagalu. eee kramam dna nucleotidela yokka nirdishta kramam dwara nirdesinchabadutundi-dna anuvula building blocks. ribozomelu anie piluvabade jeeva anuvula dwara nucleotide shrenula anuvaadam dwara jeeva vyavasthalalo proteins tayaaru cheyabadataayi, ivi vyaktigata amaino aamlaalanu polypeptideluga sameekaristaayi, ivi ribozome ardham chesukune nucleotide kramam aadhaaramgaa kriyaatmaka proteinlanu yerparustaayi. dheeni antima ardham emitante, avasaramaina protein bhagala kosam encode cheyadaaniki injaneering dna nucleotide sequencela dwara gananalanu nirvahinchagala jeeva vyavasthanu roopondinchadaaniki avasaramaina rasayana bhaagaalanu injanir cheyavachu. alaage, krutrimamgaa roopondinchina dna anuvulu oka nirdishta bio computer vyavasthalo panicheyavacchu. anduvalla, krutrimamgaa roopondinchina proteinla roopakalpana mariyu utpatti cheyadaaniki nanobio technologyni amalu cheyadam-alaage krutrima dna anuvula roopakalpana mariyu samslaeshanha-kriyaatmaka bio computerla nirmaanaanni anumatistundi (udhaa.zii. ganana janyuvulu).
jeeva computerlanu kanaalanu vaati praathamika bhagaluga kooda roopondinchavacchu. rasaayanikamgaa prerepinchabadina dimerisation vyavasthalanu vyaktigata kanaala nundi logic getlanu tayaaru cheyadaaniki upayoginchavacchu. eee logic getlu rasayana agentla dwara sakriyam cheyabadataayi, ivi gatamlo sankarshana chendani proteinla madhya paraspara charyalanu prerepistaayi mariyu kanamlo konni gamaninchadagina maarpulanu prerepistaayi.
network aadhaarita bio computerlu electron-beam lithography ledhaa naano-print lithography dwara chaanellanu chekkina poralu nundi hardwarenu naano fabrication dwara roopondinchabadataayi. chaanellu cross section yokka adhika kaaraka nishpattini kaligi undela roopondinchabaddaayi, tadwara protein tantuvulu maarganirdesam cheyabadataayi. alaage, split mariyu paas junctionlu injaneering cheyabadataayi, tadwara tantuvulu networklo vyaapti chendutaayi mariyu anumatinchabadina maargaalanu anveshistaayi. uparitala silenization anedi chalanasheelata proteinlanu uparitalampai atikinchi, kriyaatmakamgaa undela chestundi. tarka karyakalapalanu nirvahinche anuvulu jeeva kanajaalam nundi udbhavistaayi.
aardhikasaastram.
anni jeevulaku sweeya-pratiroopam mariyu kriyaatmaka bhagaluga sweeya-sameekarinche saamarthyam untundi. jeeva ganakaala yokka aardhika prayojanam tagina paristhitulanu batti jeevasaastraparamgaa utpannamaina anni vyavasthala sweeya-pratiroopam mariyu sweeya-sameekarinche saamardhyamlo undhi. udaaharanaku, oka nirdishta jeevarasaayana maargaaniki avasaramaina proteinlannintini, oka bio computerga panicheyadaaniki savarinchavachhu, oke dna anuvu nundi jeeva kana lopala chalasarlu samslaeshanha cheyavachu. eee dna anuvunu aneka saarlu pratiroopam cheyavachu. jeeva anuvula eee lakshanam vaati utpattini atyanta samarthavantamgaa mariyu saapekshamgaa chavakaga cheyagaladu. electronic computerlaku manueval utpatti avasaramaite, biotechnology computerlanu culture nundi pedda mottamlo vaatini sameekarinchadaaniki adanapu yantraalu avasaram lekunda utpatti cheyavachu.
bio computer saanketikatalo gananeeyamaina purogati.
prastutam, bio computerlu "binary" tarkam mariyu ganita gananala karyakalapalanu kaligi unna vividha kriyaatmaka saamarthyaalatho unnaayi. mitt artificial intelligence prayogasaalaku chendina tomm nait modata jeevarasaayana computing pathakaanni suuchimchaaru, dheenilo protein saandratalu binary signalsga upayoginchabadataayi, ivi chivariki taarkika karyakalapalanu nirvahinchadaaniki upayogapadataayi. oka biocomputer rasayana maargamlo oka nirdishta jeevarasaayana utpatti yokka nirdishta gaadata vadda ledhaa anthakante ekkuva oka 1 ledhaa 0 anae sanketaanni suuchistumdi. eee sthaayi kante diguvana unna gaadata maroka, migilina sanketaanni suuchistumdi. eee paddhatini ganana vislaeshanhagaa upayoginchi, jeevarasaayana computerlu taarkika karyakalapalanu nirvahinchagalavu, dheenilo tagina binary avtput prarambha paristhitulapai nirdishta taarkika parimitula krinda matrame jarugutundi. maroe maatalo cheppalante, tagina binary avtput anedi taarkika mugimpu ivvagala aavaranagaa upayogapade prarambha paristhitula samiti nundi taarkikamgaa udbhavinchina mugimpugaa panichestundi. eee rakamaina taarkika kaaryakalaapaalato paatu, bio computerlu ganita gananalu vanti itara kriyaatmaka saamardhyaalanu kooda pradarsistaayani choopabadindi. atuvanti oka udaaharananu doubleu andinchaaru.ell. andinchaaru.ell georgia tech vadda jalubu neuranlatho kuudina bio computernu roopondinchina ditto, idhi saadhaarana jodimpunu cheyagala saamarthyam kaligi undhi. ivi bio computerlu ippatike nirvahinchadaaniki roopondinchina konni mukhyamaina upayogaalu matrame, mariyu bio computerla saamarthyaalu marinta adhunaatanamgaa maarutunnaayi. jeeva anuvulu mariyu jeeva ganakaala utpattiki sambandhinchina labhyata mariyu sambhaavya aardhika saamarthyam kaaranamgaa-paina paerkonnatlugaa-jeeva ganakaala saanketika parignaanam yokka purogati anedi prajaadarana pondina, vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna parisoedhana amsam, idhi bhavishyattulo chaalaa purogatini chuse avakaasam undhi.
marchi marchi. stanford vishwavidhyaalayaaniki chendina bio injaneerla brundam, dra endee netrutvamlo, vaaru transisterku jeeva samaanamainadaanni srushtinchinatlu prakatinchaaru, dheenini vaaru "transcriptor" anie pilicharu. puurtigaa panichese computernu nirminchadaaniki avasaramaina moodu bhagalalo eee aavishkarana chivaridih dayta nilva, samachara prasaram mariyu praathamika tarka vyavastha. 
juulai juulai, "ii" thoo pratyeka prayogaalu. prakrutipai prachurinchabadina kolai "computing panulu mariyu samacharanni nilva cheyadaaniki jeeva kanaalanu upayoginche saamarthyaanni choopinchindi. arizona state universityloni biodesign institute sahakaarulato mariyu haarvard yokka vais institute pharr biological prerepita injaneering kalisi roopondinchina brundam jeevasastra computernu abhivruddhi chesindi. dozenu inputlaku pratispandinchina kolai. ribonucleic aamlamtho koodi unnanduna eee brundam computernu "rebocomputer" anie pilichindi. haarvard parisoedhakulu chitraalu mariyu sinimaalanu dna off living loe vijayavantamgaa archive chesina tarvaata bacterialo samacharanni nilva cheyadam saadhyamani niroopinchaaru. kolai "kanaalu.
"kanaalu, jeeva bhouthika shaastravetta sangram baag netrutvamloni brundam ii thoo oka adhyayananni grahinchindi. kolai kanaala madhya pampinhee cheyabadina ganana suutraanni parisoedhinchadaaniki 2 x 2 chittadavi samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki.
jeeva-agent kadalika ankaganita jodimpuku anugunamgaa unde netvarklatho samaantara jeeva ganana, ganana 8 abhyardhula parishkaaraalato upasamiti mottam udaaharanalo pradarsinchabadindi.
bio computerla bhavishyat saamarthyam.
saadhaarana bio computerlaku aneka udaaharanalu roopondinchabaddaayi, ayithe vaanijyaparamgaa labhinche bio kaani computerlatho poliste eee bio computerla saamarthyaalu chaalaa parimitam. kontamandi bio computerlaku goppa saamarthyam undani nammutaaru, conny idhi inca pradarsinchabadaledu.
praamaanika electronic suupar computerla kante chaalaa takkuva saktini upayoginchi sanklishta ganita samasyalanu parishkarinche saamarthyam, alaage varusaga kakunda ekakaalamlo marinta nammadagina gananalanu nirvahinchadam, "scalable" biological computerla marinta abhivruddhini prerepistundi mariyu aneka nidhula samsthalu eee prayatnaalaku maddatu istunnaayi.

