
scotky diode

scotky diode (german bhouthika shaastravetta walter hetch paeru pettabadindi. scotky), dheenini scotky barrier diode ledhaa hott-carrier diode anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi oka lohamto semiconductor yokka junction dwara erpadina semiconductor diode. idhi takkuva forward voltage drop mariyu chaalaa vegavantamaina switching charyanu kaligi untundi. prarambha vidyut anuvartanaallo upayoginche wireless mariyu metal rectifierla prarambha rojullo upayoginche pilli-viskar detectorlanu aadima scotky diodluga pariganinchavacchu.
taginanta forward voltagenu vartimpajesinappudu, current munduku disalo pravahistundi. silicon p-n diode oka vilakshanhamaina forward voltage 600-700 mv kaligi untundi, ayithe scotky yokka forward voltage 150-450 mv. eee takkuva forward voltage avasaram adhika switching vegaanni mariyu merugaina vyavastha saamarthyaanni anumatistundi.
nirmaanam.
oka loha mariyu semiconductor madhya oka loha-semiconductor junction erpadutundi, idhi oka scotky avarodhaanni srushtistundi (sampradaaya diodelalo vale semiconductor-semiconductor junctionku badulugaa). upayoginche saadhaarana lohaalu malibdinum, platinum, chromium ledhaa tungston mariyu konni silicidelu (udhaa.zii.palladium silicide mariyu platinum silicide), ayithe semiconductor saadhaaranamgaa enn-rakam silicon avutundi. loha vaipu yanodga panichestundi, mariyu n-rakam semiconductor diode yokka kathodga panichestundi; antey sampradaaya current loha vaipu nundi semiconductor vaipuku pravahistundi, conny vyatiraeka disalo kaadu. eee scotky avarodham chaalaa vaegamgaa maaradam mariyu takkuva munduku voltage drop rendintikee daariteestundi.
loha mariyu semiconductor kalayika empika diode yokka munduku voltagenu nirnayistundi. enn-mariyu pii-rakam semikandaktarlu rendoo scotky addamkulanu abhivruddhi cheyagalavu. ayithe, pii-rakam saadhaaranamgaa chaalaa takkuva forward voltagenu kaligi untundi. riverse leakage current forward voltagenu tagginchadamtho natakeeyamgaa peragadamtho, idhi chaalaa takkuvagaa undakudadu, kabatti saadhaaranamgaa upayoginche paridhi 0.15-0.45 v, mariyu p-rakam semikandaktarlu arudugaa matrame upayoginchabadataayi. cmos prakriyalalo muulam/drain annealing kosam avasaramaina ushnogratalanu thattukogala titanium silicide mariyu itara vakreebhavana silicidelu, saadhaaranamgaa upayogapadataaniki chaalaa takkuva forward voltagenu kaligi untaayi, kabatti eee silicidelanu upayoginche prakriyalu saadhaaranamgaa scotky diodlanu andinchavu.
semiconductor yokka dopping peragadamtho, ksheenata praantam yokka vedalpu taggutundi. oka nirdishta vedalpu kante takkuva, chaarj vahakalu ksheenata praantam gundaa sorangam cheyagalavu. chaalaa ekkuva dopping sthaayilalo, junction ikapai rectifierga pravartinchadu mariyu omik contact avutundi. silicide mariyu teelikagaa dope cheyabadina enn-rakam praantam madhya diode erpadutundi mariyu silicide mariyu bhaareega dope cheyabadina enn-ledhaa pii-rakam praantam madhya omik contact erpadutundi kabatti, omik contactlu mariyu diodla ekakaala nirmaanaaniki dheenini upayoginchavacchu. teelikagaa dope cheyabadina pii-rakam praantaalu samasyanu kaligistaayi, endukante phalitamgaa vachhe sparsha manchi omik samparkaaniki chaalaa ekkuva nirodhakatanu kaligi untundi, conny forward voltage chaalaa takkuvagaa untundi mariyu manchi diodnu tayaaru cheyadaaniki chaalaa ekkuva riverse leakage untundi.
scotky contact anchulu chaalaa padunainavi kabatti, vaati chuttoo adhika vidyut kshetra pravanata sambhavistundi, idhi riverse breakdown voltage parimiti entha peddado parimitam chestundi. kshetra pravanatanu vyaapti cheyadaaniki rakshana valayalu nundi lohanirmanam yokka ativyaapti varaku vividha vyuuhaalu upayoginchabadataayi. gaardu valayalu viluvaina dye praantaanni viniyogistaayi mariyu pradhanamgaa pedda adhika-voltage diodla kosam upayoginchabadataayi, ayithe ativyaapti chendutunna metalization pradhanamgaa chinna takkuva-voltage diodlatho upayoginchabadutundi.
scotky diodlanu tarachugaa scotky transisterlalo antisaturation clampluga upayogistaaru. palladium silicide (pii. dii. ess. ii) thoo tayaaraina scotky diodelu vaati takkuva forward voltage (bays-collector junction yokka forward voltage kante takkuvagaa undaali) kaaranamgaa adbhutamainavi. scotky ushnograta gunakam b-c junction yokka gunakam kante takkuvagaa untundi, idhi adhika ushnogratala vadda pdsi vadakanni parimitam chestundi.
power scotky diodla kosam, khananam cheyabadina n + pora yokka paraannajeevi nirodhakatalu mariyu epitoxial n-rakam pora mukhyamainavi. transister kante epitoxial pora yokka nirodhakata chaalaa mukhyam, endukante current daani mottam mandaanni daataali. ayithe, idhi junction yokka mottam praantamloo pampinhee cheyabadina ballusting resisterga panichestundi mariyu saadhaarana paristhitulalo, sthaanika ushna paruguni nirodhistundi.
power p-n diodlatho poliste, scotky diodelu takkuva kathinamainavi. junction ushna sunnitamaina metalisationtho pratyaksha sambandhamlo untundi; anduvalla oka scotky diode viphalamayye mundu (mukhyamgaa riverse breakdown samayamlo) lothaina khananam cheyabadina junctiontho samaanamaina parimaanam p-n pratiroopam kante takkuva saktini vedajallutundi. scotky diodla yokka takkuva forward voltage yokka saapeksha prayojanam adhika forward currents vadda taggutundi, ikkada voltage drop syries resistance dwara aadhipatyam chelaayistundi.
tirigi tirigi vachhe samayam.
p-n diode mariyu scotky diode madhya atyanta mukhyamaina vyatyaasam diode conducting nundi naan-conducting sthithiki marinappudu riverse recovery time (trr). pii-enn diodelo, riverse recovery samayam vegavantamaina diodlaku aneka micro sekanla nundi 100 ns kante takkuva kramamlo undavacchu, mariyu idhi pradhanamgaa prasarana sthithilo vyaapti praantamloo perukupoyina minority carrierla valla kalige vyaapti capacitance dwara parimitam cheyabadutundi. scotky diodelu gananeeyamgaa vaegamgaa untaayi, endukante avi ekadhruva parikaraalu mariyu vaati vegam junction capacitance dwara matrame parimitam cheyabadutundi. chinna-signal diodlaku marpidi samayam ~ 100 ps, mariyu pratyeka adhika-saamarthyam gala power diodlaku padula nanosekandla varaku untundi. pii-enn-junction switchingtho, riverse recovery current kooda untundi, idhi adhika-shakti semiconductorlalo perigina emi sabdaanni testundi. scotky diodlatho, maaradam anedi tappanisarigaa swalpa capacitive loadingtho "takshaname" untundi, idhi chaalaa takkuva aandolana kaliginche vishayam.
eee "takshana" marpidi ellappuduu alaa undadu. adhika voltage scotky parikaraalalo, mukhyamgaa, vicchinna kshetra jyaamitini niyantrinchadaaniki avasaramaina gaardu ring nirmaanam saadhaarana recovery time lakshanaalatoo paraannajeevi p-n diodnu srushtistundi. eee gaardu ring diode munduku pakshapaatam lenintha varaku, idhi capasitancenu matrame jodistundi. ayithe, scotky junction taginantagaa nadapabadithe, forward voltage chivariki diodelu rendintinee munduku mariyu vaastavamgaa pakshapaatam chestundi, idhi baga prabhaavitamavutundi.
scotky diode anedi "majority carrier" semiconductor parikaram anie tarachugaa chebutaaru. antey semiconductor boddy dope cheyabadina enn-rakam ayithe, parikaram yokka saadhaarana operationlo enn-rakam carrierlu (mobile electronlu) matrame mukhyamaina paatra poeshistaayi. ekkuva vahakalu swechchagaa kadile electronluga maaradaaniki diodeku avatali vaipuna unna loha samparkam yokka conduction byaandloki twaragaa inject cheyabadataayi. anduvalla, n mariyu p-rakam vahakalu nemmadigaa yaadrucchikamgaa tirigi kalapabadavu, tadwara eee diode saadhaarana p-n rectifier diode kante vaegamgaa prasarananu nilipiveyagaladu. eee lakshanam, oka chinna parikara praantaanni anumatistundi, idhi vegavantamaina parivartanaku kooda dohadapadutundi. switch-mode power converterlalo scotky diodelu upayogapadataaniki idhi maroka kaaranamh diode yokka adhika vegam antey circuit 200 kz nundi 2 mhz paridhiloo frequenciela vadda panicheyagaladu, idhi itara diode rakaalato saadhyamayye daanikante ekkuva saamardhyamtho chinna inductorlu mariyu kpaasitarlanu upayoginchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. chinna-praanta scotky diodelu rf detectorlu mariyu mixerla gunde, ivi tarachugaa 50 gigahertz varaku frequenciela vadda panicheestaayi.
parimitulu.
scotky diodla yokka atyanta spashtamaina parimitulu vaati saapekshamgaa takkuva riverse voltage ratinglu mariyu vaati saapekshamgaa adhika riverse leakage current. silicon-metal scotky diodla kosam, riverse voltage saadhaaranamgaa 50 vii ledhaa anthakante takkuva untundi. konni adhika-voltage namuunaalu andubaatulo unnaayi (200 vii adhika riverse voltejga pariganinchabadutundi).
ushnogratato paatu perugutunnanduna riverse leakage current, ushna asthirata samasyaku daariteestundi. idhi tarachugaa upayogakaramaina riverse voltagenu vaastava rating kante chaalaa takkuvagaa parimitam chestundi.
adhika riverse voltagelu saadhinchagaliginappatikii, avi itara rakaala praamaanika diodlatho polchadagina adhika forward voltageni andistaayi. goppa switching vegam avasaramaite tappa atuvanti scotky diodlaku etuvanti prayojanam undadu.
silicon carbide scotky diode.
silicon carbide nundi nirminchina scotky diodelu silicon scotky diodla kante chaalaa takkuva riverse leakage karentnu kaligi untaayi, alaage adhika forward voltage (25 masim vadda 1.4-1.8 v) mariyu riverse voltagenu kaligi untaayi. avi tayaareedaarula nundi 1700 vii riverse voltage varaku vaeriyantlaloo andubaatulo unnaayi.
silicon carbide adhika ushna vaahakatanu kaligi untundi, mariyu ushnograta daani marpidi mariyu ushna lakshanaalapai takkuva prabhavanni chooputundi. pratyeka packagingtho, silicon carbide scotky diodelu 500 k (sumaru 200 °C) kante ekkuva junction ushnogratala vadda panicheyagalavu, idhi aerospace anuvartanaallo nishkriyaatmaka radiative coolingnu anumatistundi.
applications.
voltage clamping.
praamaanika silicon diodelu sumaru 0.7 vii mariyu germanium diodelu 0.3 vii forward voltage dropnu kaligi undagaa, sumaru 1 maa forward bayasla vadda scotky diodla voltage drop 0.15 vii nundi 0.06 vii paridhiloo untundi (1n5817 mariyu 1n5711 chudandi), idhi voltage clamping applicationlalo mariyu transister santruptini nivaarinchadamlo upayogakaramgaa untundi. scotky diodelo adhika current saandrata dheeniki kaaranam.
riverse current mariyu utsarga rakshana.
scotky diode yokka takkuva forward voltage drop kaaranamgaa, takkuva shakti vaedigaa vrudhaa avutundi, idhi samarthataku sunnitamaina anuvartanaalaku atyanta samarthavanthamaina empikagaa maarutundi. udaaharanaku, ratriputa soura phalakaala dwara byaatariilu vidudala kakunda nirodhinchadaaniki vaatini stand-ontarigaa (off-grid) kaantivipeedana (pivi) vyavasthalalo upayogistaaru, dheenini "blocking diodes" anie pilustaaru. baipas diodelu" viphalamaithe, pakkane unna teegala nundi shaded teegala dwara riverse current pravahinchakundaa nirodhinchadaaniki, samaantaramgaa anusandhaaninchabadina bahula teegalatho grid-connect cheyabadina vyavasthalalo kooda avi upayoginchabadataayi.
switch-mode vidyut sarafara.
scotky diodlanu switch-mode vidyut sarafaraalalo rectifierlugaa kooda upayogistaaru. takkuva forward voltage mariyu vegavantamaina recovery samayam saamarthyaanni penchadaaniki daariteestundi.
vaatini antargata battery mariyu maine adaptor input ledhaa ilantivi rendintinee kaligi unna utpattulalo vidyut sarafara ledhaa "ing circuitlalo" kooda upayoginchavacchu. ayithe, adhika-pratighatana voltage sensing circuit (udhaa.zii.battery voltagenu paryaveekshinchadam ledhaa maine adaptor undho ledho gurtinchadam) diode leakage dwara itara vidyut muulam nundi voltagenu chustundi.
namuunaa mariyu pattukondi circuitlu.
scotky diodlanu diode-bridge aadhaarita sample und hold circuitlalo upayoginchavacchu. saadhaarana pii-enn junction aadhaarita diode vantenalatho polchinappudu, scotky diodelu prayojanaalanu andistaayi. munduku-pakshapaatamto kuudina scotky diodeku minority carrier chaarj nilva undadu. idhi saadhaarana diodla kante vaegamgaa maaradaaniki veelu kalpistundi, phalitamgaa namuunaa nundi pattukune dasaku takkuva parivartana samayam vastundi. 
minority carrier chaarj nilva lekapovadam valla takkuva pattukogala dasha ledhaa sampling lopam kooda erpadutundi, phalitamgaa avtput vadda marinta khachitamaina namuunaa vastundi.
chaarj niyantrana.
samarthavanthamaina vidyut kshetra niyantrana kaaranamgaa, scotky diodlanu quantum baavulu ledhaa quantum chukkalu vanti semiconductor nanostructurelalo oke electronlanu khachitamgaa load cheyadaaniki ledhaa unload cheyadaaniki upayoginchavacchu. 
hodha.
saadhaaranamgaa edurkone scotky diodelalo 1n58x syries rectifierlu unnaayi, 1n581x (1a) mariyu 1n582x (3a) throo-hole bhagalu, mariyu ss1x (1a) mariyu ss3x (3a) uparitala-mount bhagalu. scotky rectifierlu aneka uparitala-mount packagy sailulalo labhistaayi.
1n5711,1n6263,1ss106,1ss108, mariyu byaat 41-43,45-49 syries vanti chinna-signal scotky diodelu adhika-frequency anuvartanaallo detectorlu, mixerlu mariyu naan leanier elimentlugaa vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadataayi mariyu germanium diodlanu adhigaminchaayi. avi III-V-semiconductor parikaraalu, lazer diodelu mariyu kontavaraku, bahirgatamaina CMOS circutory linela vanti sunnitamaina parikaraala sthira vidyut utsarga (ESD) rakshanaku kooda anukuulamgaa untaayi.
scotky metal-semiconductor junctionlu 7400 ttl logic parikaraala kutumbam, 74,74 ls mariyu 74ls shrenula vaarasulalo pradarsinchabadataayi, ikkada avi bipolar transisterla collector-bays junctionlaku samaantaramgaa baker clampluga upayoginchabadataayi, tadwara vaati santruptatanu nivaarinchadaaniki, tadwara vaati turn-off alasyanni baga taggistundi.
pratyaamnaayaalu.
takkuva vidyut vedajalladam korinappudu, daaniki badulugaa mosefet mariyu controll circuitnu kriyaaseela diddubaatu anie piluvabade operation modlo upayoginchavacchu.
pn-diode ledhaa scotky diode mariyu kaaryaacharana amplifiertho kuudina suupar diode pratikuula pratispandana prabhavam kaaranamgaa daadaapu khachitamaina diode lakshanaanni andistundi, ayithe daani upayogam upayoginchina kaaryaacharana amplifier nirvahinchagala pounahpunyaalaku parimitam cheyabadindi.
electrovating.
drava loha binduvunu upayoginchi scotky diode erpadinappudu electrovettingnu gamaninchavacchu, udhaa.zii. paadarasam, semikandaktartho sambandhamlo, ii.zii. silicon. semikandaktarloni dopping rakam mariyu saandratanu batti, binduvu vyaapti anedi paadarasam binduvuku vartinche voltage yokka parimaanam mariyu sanketam meeda aadharapadi untundi. eee prabhavanni 'scotky electrovetting' anie pilustaaru.