
charless vindham (natudu)

surr charless vindham (23 marchi 1837-12 janavari 1919), "neey" charless culvervel, oka aangla natudu mariyu naataka yajamani. landanlooni vindham theatreku ayana paeru pettaru, ayana sameepamloni kotta theatre (ippudu noel piriki theatre) nuu kooda nirminchaaru.
vindham kutumbam atanni vaidya vrutti kosam uddesinchindi, athanu thana khaalii samayamlo autsaahika natakalalo utsaahamgaa paalgontuu vaidyaanni abhyasinchaadu. vaidyasaastram mariyu vedika madhya debbatinna ayana, american antaryuddhamlo union armylo sarjanga americalo moodu samvatsaraalu gadiparu mariyu rendu sandarbhaallo newyork vedikapai viphalamayyaru. britanku tirigi vacchi, natudigaa tananu taanu sthaapinchukunna taruvaata, 1882 mariyu 1910 madhya athanu americaku marinta paryatanalu chesi, desavyaaptamgaa theatres aadadu.
londonlo, vindham telikapati haasyam mariyu prahasana rendintiloonuu thana haasya naipunhyaalaku prasiddhi chendaadu. ayana 1876loe criterian theatre nirvahananu sweekarinchi, 20 samvatsaraalaku paiga akkada baadhyatalu nirvartinchaaru. "criterian phaars" anedi west end theatre yokka suparichitamaina lakshanamgaa maarindi, saadhaaranamgaa victorian british prekshakulanu digbhraantiki guri cheyakunda undataaniki french mukkalanu tagginche pramaadam undhi. taruvaata, vindham period castume natakalalo kanipinchinanduku prasiddhi chendaadu, annintikante mukhyamgaa tii. doubleu. robertson yokka "david garrick", athanu tarachugaa punaruddharinchaadu. ayana kosam raasina rachayithalalo doubleu. ess. gilbert, eff. sii. burnand mariyu henry orther johns. oskaar wild vindamnu drushtilo unchukuni "shraddhaga undatam yokka praamukhyata" anie raasaadu, conny paristhitulu atanni andulo adakunda addukunnayi.
windham rendu london theatres praarambhinchindi, rendintinee doubleu roopondinchaaru. zii. aarr. sprogg windhams, 1899loe praarambhinchabadindi, mariyu kottadi, naalugu samvatsaraala taruvaata praarambhinchabadindi. ayana 1913loe padavee viramana chesi, 1919loe 81 samvatsaraala vayasulo thana london nivaasamlo maraninchaaru.
jeevitam mariyu vrutti.
prarambha samvatsaraalu.
windham 23 marchi 1837naa livarpoollo majer richard culvervel (c. 1820-1860) mariyu athani bhaarya maerii aann. ataniki balyam nundi bayatapadani oka sodarudu, mugguru sodareemanulu unnaaru. windham jeevitakaalamlo prachurinchabadina jeevita charitralu culvervel oka vaidyudani perkonnaayi, conny "oxford dictionary off national biography" (2011) loe maikhel ilaa vraasaadu
vindham ingland, scatland, germany mariyu fraanslooni boarding paatasaalalaku vellaadu. scatlandlo athanu autsaahika naatakaala abhiruchini sampaadinchaadu, mariyu paarislo athanu tarachugaa haasya-frankise mariyu theatray du palais-raayalnu sandarsinchaadu. modatidi daani shaastreeya sailiki prasiddhi chendindi mariyu rendodi prahasana yokka sudeergha sampradaayaanni kaligi undhi; rendoo athani natanapai nirmaanaatmaka prabhavam chupayi. athanu landanlooni kings kalasalalo, mariyu dablinloni sarjanla kalasalalo, peater streat anatomical schoollo vaidyasaastraanni abhyasinchaadu, autsaahika natana mariyu naatakaaniki vellae prati aakarshanheeyamainappatiki 1857loe mrcluga arhata saadhinchi, 1859loe geisen vishwavidhyaalayamlo vaidyasaastramlo doctorate patta pondaadu. 1860loe athanu emma silberadnu vivaham chesukunnadu (c. 1837-1916), kuleena mariyu sampannamaina german kutumbamlo sabhyudu. vyakhyalanu chadavandi, "vyapari yuvarajula eee intlo vivaham chesukovadam dwara vindham itara natulanu peedistunna niraasrayula bhayam nundi tappinchukunnadu".
fibravari 1862loe, appatiki thana rangasthala intiperunu sweekarinchina vindham, royalty theatres yuvakulaku edurugaa baalya pradhana paatra pooshinchi, appatike anubhavagnudaina ellen territho thana vruttiparamaina pravesam chesaadu. aame natana prasamsimchabadimdi; atanidi kaadu. aaa samayamlo, kontamandi london theatre managerlu autsaahikulanu vruttiparamaina companylalo pramukha paatralalo natinchadaaniki nimagnam cheyadam aacharam, mariyu "examiner" atuvanti autsaahikulaku vindhamnu teesukunnadu. athanu aaru nelala paatu royalty companylo unnadu, mariyu thana asubhamaina arangetram tarvaata athanu adbhutamaina sameekshalanu aakarshinchadam praarambhinchaadu. taata white head" anae prahsanamlo athanu "dhi eraa" anae naataka vaartaapatrika nundi prasamsalanu andukunnadu, idhi atanni "chaalaa aasaajanakamaina telikapati hasyanatudu" gaa mariyu athani natnanu "avasaramainanta sulabham, sahajamainadi mariyu paripuurnamainadi" gaa gurtinchindi. seasonlo taruvaata sameekshalo "dhi eraa" ilaa cheppindih
naataka mariyu vaidya vrutti madhya inca nirnayinchukoni, conny kutumba vaidyudigaa maaraalane aalochananu aasvaadinchadaaniki chaalaa saahasopetamaina, vindham 1862loe taruvaata americaku prayaaninchi, american sivil vaarlo union armylo vaidya adhikari kaavaalani nischayinchukunnaadu. sainika adhikarulu atanini saine up cheyadaaniki sankochinchaaru, conny athanu vijayavantamgaa konasagaru mariyu yuddham daadaapu mugise varaku panicheesaaru. thana sainika seva nundi virama samayamlo athanu newyorklo vedikapai rendu vijayavantam kaani pradarsanalu icchaadu, modata zaan wilks booth (taruvaata abraham linkan hantakudu) netrutvamloni companylo, aapai srimati zaan wood brundamlo.
vruttiparamaina advance, 1865-1873.
1865loe vindham inglaandku tirigi vacchaadu. joolailo manchesterlo theatre raayal vadda praarambhamaina "mye ladys guardian" anae naatakamlo pradhana paatralo thana british rangasthala vruttini tirigi praarambhinchaadu. dhi eraa" yokka sthaanika vilekhari eee natakam gurinchi mitamgaa prasamsalu andukunnaru mariyu vindham "telikapati hasyanatudiga sahaja pratibhanu kaligi unnadu" anie annaru. vindham eee nirmaanaanni liverpool kuu teesukellinappudu adhe patrika aayananu "manam chaalaa kaalamgaa chusina atyanta nishnaatulaina natulalo okaru" gaa abhivarninchindi. eee mariyu itara praantiiya nirmaanaalalo athani vijayam taruvaati samvatsaram west end nischitaarthaanni pondadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi.
1866 maeloe vindham patty oliver nirvahanalo royalty companylo cheraadu. athanu madison morton yokka prasiddha naatakamlo surr orther laskelles paatranu poeshinchaadu, "merisedanta bangaaram kaadu", idhi oka kotta asaadhaarana pradarsanaku sahayaka bhaagamgaa ivvabadindi. aaa seasonlo athani taruvaati paatralalo, atyanta pramukhamainadi eff loe smuggler, hatchet gaa. sii. douglus gerold yokka natical comedy, "block-ide susanne" loe oliver mariyu nellie bromleytho burnand yokka kotta mariyu atyanta prajaadarana pondina burlesk. burnand thana natanatho paatu thana nrutyam ayina vindham dwara kooda aakattukunnadu.
1867loe vindham seyint james theatres companylo cheraadu, akkada athanu modatisaari henry irvingto kalisi natinchaadu. adhe samvatsaram september mariyu octoberlalo athanu cate terrie yokka veedkolu seasonlo prins theatre, manchesterlo kanipinchaadu, indulo athani paatralalo "romeo und juuliyat" loe mercutio, "chaalaa adoo about nothing" loe claudio, james sheridon noles yokka "dhi hunchback" loe viduushakudi modus mariyu "hamlet" loe lartes unnaayi. paschima konaku tirigi raakamundu, athanu thana sonta pattanamaina livarpoolku velli, doubleu loe raberto paatranu srushtinchaadu.ess.gilbert yokka asaadhaaranamaina "laa vivandier". "dhi liverpool mercurie matladutu," "natana, gaanam mariyu nrutyamlo ayana prekshakulanu thanatho paatu teesukellaaru".
londonku tirigi vacchina vindham, appudu queens theatre, long ekaram kosam nischitaartham chesukunnadu, mariyu akkada october mariyu november 1867loe-"double marage" loe saahasopetamaina dujardine mariyu "still waters runn deep" loe seducer hoxley-athanu marosari ellen territho bhagaswamyam chesukunnadu. queens vadda unna companylo irving, zhe kooda unnaaru. ell. toul, lionel brow, henrietta hadson, harriet everard mariyu adhaa daas, veerandaroo 1868 janavarilo hetch. zhe. byron yokka "jeevitam kante khareedainadi", londonlo "laa vivandier" nirmaanamtho double notlo ivvabadindi, dheenilo vindham yokka munupati paatranu brow pooshinchaaru.
1868loe vindham moodu naatakaala season nuu pradarsistuu yuvarani naatakasaalanu teesukunnappudu, nirvahanaloki thana modati prayatnam chesadu, conny aaa prayatnam vijayavantam kaaledu. athanu americaku tirigi vacchi 1869loe valak theatres kanipinchaadu, "dhi school pharr scandle" loe charless paatranu poeshinchaadu, eee paatranu athanu pratyaekamgaa thana sontamgaa chesaadu. aneka newyork nirmaanaala taruvaata, telikapati hasyanatudiga khyaatini sthaapinchina taruvaata, athanu thana sonta american touring companyni praarambhinchaadu, marchi 1871loe washington dii. sii. loe "dhi lancers" thoo praarambhinchaadu. athanu 1873 varaku 20 naatakaala repartarytho, ekkuvagaa haasya chitraalato, america antataa paryatinchadam konasaginchadu.
prahasana mariyu pramaanam, 1873-1881.
vindham 1873loe inglaandku tirigi vacchi, bancroftlatho sahaa vividha nirvahanalaku, kotta natakalu mariyu classic punaruddharanalalo ("wild oats" loe jaak roverga mariyu charless surfacega mallee) kanipinchaadu. 1874 maeloe kortu theatres, athanu "bryton" anae kotta prahsanamlo baab sackett paatranu poeshinchaadu; "theatre" recordulalo evaru unnaaru ", aaa naatakamlo athani vijayam chaalaa goppadi, mariyu aaa natakam chaalaa samvatsaraalu athani repertorylo oka trump karduga undipoyindi. "aaa times taruvaata eee natakanni" "athani adrushtaaniki sthaapakudu" "gaa abhivarninchindi, [idhi] athanu eduruleni naatakeeya korsuku vellaadu".
1874 septembarulo windham christal paleslo maatineela shrenini praarambhinchaadu, indulo moodu samvatsaraalalo, athanu daadaapu vanda naatakaalanu pradarsinchaadu mariyu vaatilo chaalaa vaatilo natinchaadu, "dhi merchant off venis" loe basanio mariyu "foust und margurite" loe mephistophels vanti paatralalo natinchaadu; athanu pradarsinchaadu conny sophocles "antigone" mariyu "colonus vadda eedipas" loe kanipinchaledu.
windham criterian theatres modatisaarigaa 1875 decemberlo "bryton" loe kanipinchaadu, marusati samvatsaram athanu aaa theatre nirvahananu chepattadu, daanini athanu 20 samvatsaraalaku paiga konasaginchadu. "dhi times" "vindham krinda unna pramaanaanni" "prahasana mariyu vindham yokka asamaana pradarsanakaarudu mariyu rangasthala nirvaahakudiki nilayam" "gaa abhivarninchindi". ayana pradarsinchina aneka natakalu french nundi vacchina anusaranalu, indulo ayana yavvanamlo palais-raayal nirmaanaala khachitatvam mariyu vegam ayana pradarsanapai gananeeyamaina prabhavanni chupayi. konni palayi-raaja saahityam 1870lalooni gouravapradamaina aangla prekshakulaku nyaayamaina maarpu avasaram, conny "aaa kaalalu", "athani daya mariyu chaitanyam mantramugdulanu chesaayi, mariyu athani sparsha yokka telikatanam nerapu chaitanyaanni upasamanam chesindi" anie annaru. chadavandi ilaa vraastundihi
vindham ellappuduu thana sonta nirmaanaalalo natinchaledu; athanu james albury yokka "dhi pink dominos" (1877,555 pradarsanalu) loe natinchaadu, conny burnand yokka "betsey" (1879,408 pradarsanalu) loe kanipinchaledu. gilbert yokka prahasana "faggerties fairie" (1881) arudaina vaiphalyam, dheenilo vindham thana maajee yajamani srimati zaan wood thoo kalisi kanipinchaadu; idhi december 15naa praarambhamai janavari 6naa moosiveyabadindi.
castume drama, 1882-1899.
1882loe vindham mallee united statesnu sandarsinchaaru, akkada ayana paddenimidella paatu unnaaru. athani criterian company america paschima tiiraaniki cherukunna modati aangla brundam. londonku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, athanu konni samvatsaraalu aadhunika dustula prahasananni vijayavantamgaa konasaginchadu, period mukkala vaipu tiragadaaniki mundu, modata 1886 maeloe "adavi votes" punaruddharanalo, taruvaata adhe samvatsaramlo tii. doubleu. robertson yokka "david garrick", dheenitho athanu sannihitamgaa sambandham kaligi unnadu, german bhaashalo oka nirmaanamtho sahaa (thana sonta anuvaadamlo) vandala saarlu taitil roll poeshinchaadu, idhi 1888loe airopalo paryatinchindi, seyint petersberglo jaar alegzander III mariyu athani aasthaanamlo kanipinchindi.
david garrick windham yokka pradhana kaala-dustula paatragaa migilipoyadu, conny taruvaati dasaabdamloo athanu deone bousicalt yokka "london assurance" (dozzle, 1890), mariyu goaled smith, sheridon mariyu oo 'keyff yokka 18va sataabdapu haasya chitraalato sahaa anekam pradarsinchaadu. eee natakalalo gananeeyamaina vijayam saadhinchinappatikii, henry orther johns raasina natakalalo "melo, menn off dhi varald, synical butt tender" anae sheershikato athani uttama vijayam anie chaalaa mandhi bhaavinchaarani reed rasaru "dhi babil shop" (1893) loe lard clivebrook, "dhi cases off rebilius susanne" (1894) loe surr richard cato kyusi, "dhi physician" (1897) loe doctor kaarii, "dhi lears" (1897) loe kalnal surr christopher deering mariyu "mister danes defence" (1900) loe surr daniel carteret.
windom ascar wild yokka pradhana paatralalo okadaanni srushtinche avakaasaanni kolpoyadu. wild zaan worthingnu windham yokka rangasthala vyaktitvampai "shraddhaga undatam yokka praamukhyata" loe modal chesaadu, mariyu windham eee natakanni nirmaanaaniki angeekarinchaadu. daanini rehearsal loki teesukuraavadaaniki mundhe, athani thoti natudu-manager georg alegzander oka utpatti viphalamainappudu akasmaattugaa sankshobhaaniki gurayyadu mariyu daanini anusarinchadaaniki ataniki aata ledhu. wild abhyardhana meraku, windham hakkulanu vidudala chesaadu, mariyu alegzander fibravari 1895loe "praamukhyata" nuu pradarsinchaadu. wild thana tadupari natakanni windhamku vaagdaanam chesaadu, conny adhi kaaryaroopam dalchaledu, endukante taruvaata 1895loe wild avamaninchabaddadu mariyu khaidu cheyabaddaadu, mariyu athani kereer mugisindi.
1897loe vindham thana bhaarya nundi vidipoyaadu. athani jeevitaantam athani bhagaswamy james albury vitantuvu maerii moor, aame 1885loe vindham yokka kathaanayikagaa, mariyu 1896loe athani vyapara bhagaswamiga maarindi. november 1899loe vindham oka kotta theatres praarambhinchaadu, daaniki athanu chaaring cross roadloo thana paerunu icchaadu. vindham theatre, doubleu roopondinchaaru. zii. aarr. sprag, pramaanam kante lothaina mariyu vistruta vedikanu kaligi undhi, mariyu auditorium 20 saatam ekkuva saamarthyaanni kaligi undhi. vindham "david garrick" yokka punarujjeevanamtho thana kotta theatres praarambhinchaadu, modati raatri £4,000 sampaadinchina mottaanni swachchanda samsthaku viraalamgaa icchaadu.
taruvaati samvatsaraallo, 1900-1919.
1900 eprillo edmond rostand yokka "sirano dii bergerac" loe vindham taitil roll pooshinchaaru. praantiiya repertorylo prarambha anubhavam lekapovadam valla vindham thana saadhaarana paatralaku bhinnamgaa unna oka bhaagamtho saanketikamgaa kashtapadutunnadani, conny sameekshalu snehapuurvakamgaa unnayani, prekshakulanu aakarshinchanidi aaa naatakamenani reed suuchistumdi. athanu thana gurtimpu pondina pratyaekamaina aadhunika dustula haasyaaniki tirigi vacchaadu.
1902 pattaabhisheka gowrawaalalo vindhamku nait birudu labhinchindi. 1903loe athanu seyint martins laenloo, vindhamsku tirigi vacchi, kotta theatre (taruvaata dheenini albury anie, mariyu 2006 nundi noel piriki theatre anie pilicheevaaru) nuu praarambhinchaadu. adhe samvatsaramlo, athanu mariyu athani samstha edward VII mariyu windser kotaloni athani kortu mundu, "david garrick" loe kanipinchaaru; windser vadda rendava command pradarsanalo, 1907loe, windham taylor yokka "still waters runn deep" loe zaan mildmy paatranu pooshinchaaru, dheenilo athanu nalabhai samvatsaraala kritam raani vadda modatisaari (maroka paatralo) aadadu. athanu 1904,1909 mariyu 1910loe akkada kanipinchi, americalo natnanu konasaginchadu. athani ghnaapakasakti ksheeninchadam praarambhinchindi, 1913loe "david garrick" chivari pradarsana tarvaata athanu padavee viramana chesaadu. 1916loe athani vidipoyina bhaarya maraninchindi, athanu maerii moornu vivaham chesukunnadu.
1919 janavari 12naa landanlooni regents paarkulooni yark terrus looni thana intlo influenzae kaaranamgaa pneumoniatho vindham maraninchaadu. aayanaku rendava bhaarya, oka kumarudu (howard vindham, athanu theatre manager kooda), modati vivaham nundi oka kumarte unnaaru. ayana janavari 16naa hampstead smasaanavaatikalo khananam cheyabaddaaru, seyint martin-inn-dhi-fieldslo smaaraka seva jarigindi.

