
mangolian lipi

hyoodam mangol bitchig anie kooda piluvabade shaastreeya ledhaa saampradaaya mangolian lipi, mangolian bhasha kosam pratyaekamgaa roopondinchina modati rachana vyavastha, mariyu 1946loe syrillic pravesapettabade varaku idhi atyanta vistrutamgaa undhi. idhi saampradayakamgaa niluvu panktulalo vraayabadutundi. paatha uighar varnamaala nundi udbhavinchina idhi nijamaina varnamaala, hallulu mariyu acchulaku pratyeka aksharaalato untundi. idhi oirat mariyu manchu vanti bhashalaku anugunamgaa roopondinchabadindi. eee shaastreeya niluvu lipi aadhaaramgaa varnamaalalu mangolia mariyu lopali mangolia mangolian, jibe mariyu prayogaatmakamgaa, eevenki vraayadaaniki upayoginchabadutunnaayi.
computer operating systems mangolian lipiki maddatunu sweekarinchadamlo nemmadigaa unnaayi; daadaapu annintikee asampoorna maddatu ledhaa itara vachana pratipaadana ibbandulu unnaayi.
charitra.
mangolian niluvu lipi mangolian bhasha kosam paatha uyghar varnamaala yokka anusaranagaa abhivruddhi chendindi. edava mariyu enimidava sataabdaala nundi padihenava mariyu padahaarava sataabdaala varaku, mangolian bhasha dakshina, thoorpu mariyu paschima mandalikaluga vidipoyindi. madhya mangol bhasha kaalam nundi pradhana patraalu thoorpu maandalikamlo, prasiddha grandham "mangol la rahasya charitra", chadarapu lipilooni smaaraka chihnalu, padnaalugo sataabdaaniki chendina chainees-mangolian padakosam yokka padaarthaalu mariyu chainees lipyantareekaranalo madhya kaalaaniki chendina mangolian bhasha yokka padaarthaalu modalainavi.paaschaatya maandalikamlo, arab-mangolian mariyu pertian-mangolian nighantuvulu, arabic pratilekhanamlo mangolian grandhaalu modalainavi. eee kaalam yokka pradhana lakshanaalu emitante, "i" mariyu "i" acchulu vaati dhwani praamukhyatanu kolpoyi, "i" dhwanini srushtinchaayi (chakar maandalikamlo, antargata mangoliyaaloni praamaanika mangolian, eee acchulu ippatikee vibhinnamgaa unnaayi); antara-swara hallulu "γ"/"g", "b"/"w" adrusyamayyaayi mariyu mangolian podavaina acchula nirmaanam yokka praathamika prakriya praarambhamaindi; prarambha "h" aneka padaalaloo samrakshinchabadindi; vyaakarana vargaalu paakshikamgaa laevu, modalainavi. eee kaalamlo abhivruddhi mangolian lipi niluvu arabic lipi laaga enduku kanipistundo vivaristundi (mukhyamgaa chukkala vyavastha uniki).
chivariki, uyghar mariyu mangol bhashala madhya vyatyaasaalaku chinna raayiteelu ivvabaddaayi 17va mariyu 18va sataabdaalaloo, "tsadi" aksharam yokka sunnitamaina mariyu marinta koneeya samskaranalu varusaga mariyu daanitoe anubandhinchabaddaayi, mariyu 19va sataabdamloo, manchuu hook cheyabadina "yodh" praarambhamlo sweekarinchabadindi. "jaine" anavasaram kabatti tolaginchabadindi. aspashtatanu nivaarinchadaaniki aksharakramam yokka vividha paatasaalalu, konni diacriticsnu upayogistaayi.
saampradaaya mangolian edama nundi kudiki panktulalo pravahinche eguva nundi diguvaku niluvugaa vraayabadutundi. paatha uyghar lipi mariyu daani vaarasulu, veetilo saampradaaya mangolian oirat clear, manchuu mariyu burebat okati, edama nundi kudiki vraayabadina niluvu lipulu matrame. idhi abhivruddhi chendindi endukante uigharlu tama sogdian-utpannamaina lipini, modata kudi nundi edamaku, chainees rachananu anukarinchadaaniki 90 degreela apasavya disalo, conny aksharaala saapeksha dhoranini marchakunda tippaaru.
18va sataabdam varaku, chaina prabhaavamtho brush daani sthaanaanni chepatte varaku, eedh penn empika chese vraata parikaramgaa undedi. pennulu kooda chaaritraatmakamgaa kalapa, veduru, emuka, kaamsyam ledhaa inumutho tayaaru cheyabaddaayi. upayoginchina sira nalupu ledhaa sinnabar erupu rangulo undedi, mariyu birch beradu, kaagitam, pattu ledhaa patthi thoo chesina battalu mariyu chekka ledhaa vendi palakalatho vraayabadindi.
mangolu tama lipini aksharaluga neerchukunnaaru, aksharaala yokka chivari swaraala aadhaaramgaa aksharaalanu pannendu ververu taragatulugaa vibhajinchaaru, ivanni acchulatho mugisai.
peeples republic off chainaalooni antargata mangolia mangolian matladevaru eee lipini nirantaram upayogistune unnaaru. mangolian peeples republicklo, niluvu lipi parimita viniyogamlo unnappatikee, idhi ekkuvagaa mangolian syrillic varnamaala dwara bharti cheyabadindi. marchi 2020loe, mangolian prabhutvam saampradaaya mangolian lipi vadakanni penchadaaniki mariyu 2025 natiki adhikaarika patraalalo syrillic mariyu mangolian lipi rendintinee upayoginchadaaniki pranaalikalanu prakatinchindi. ayithe, saampradaaya mangolian lipi yokka pratyekata kaaranamgaa, chainaalooni sinicised mangols loe ekkuva bhaagam (40 saatam) eee lipini chadavaleru ledhaa vraayaleru, mariyu aneka sandarbhaallo lipini aneka nagarallo phalakaalapai matrame prateekaatmakamgaa upayogistaaru.
paerlu.
eee lipini aneka rakaala paerlatoe pilustaaru. idhi paatha uyghar varnamaala nundi udbhavinchinanduna, "mangol lipi" nii "uyghar (-) mangol lipi" anie pilustaaru. 1941 nundi, idhi siriliknu soochinche "kotta lipi" kii viruddhamgaa "paatha lipi" gaa prasiddhi chendindi. mangolian lipini 'spashtamaina, khachitamaina' lipitho poliste 'hoodam' ledhaa 'khachitamainadi kaadu' lipi anie kooda pilustaaru.
sameeksha.
saampradaaya ledhaa shaastreeya mangolian varnamaala, konnisaarlu spashtamaina lipi ("todo" "khachitamainadi") kuu viruddhamgaa oyiraatlo "hoodam" "saampradaaya" "anie pilustaaru, idhi mangolian bhashanu vraayadaaniki upayoginche mangolian lipi yokka asalu roopam. idhi mangol (ledhaa uyghar-mangol) lipiki muulam ayina uygharku avasaram laeni aneka acchulu ('/', '/', tudi '/') mariyu hallulanu (aksharam-prarambha '/' mariyu '/', konnisaarlu '/') vaeru cheyadu. phalitamgaa aangla paristhithitho kontha polchavachhu, idhi kevalam aidu aksharaalato padhi ledhaa anthakante ekkuva acchulanu suuchimchaali mariyu rendu vibhina sabdaalaku degraph "th" nuu upayoginchaali. aspashtata konnisaarlu sandarbham dwara nirodhinchabadutundi, endukante acchu samarasyam mariyu akshara kramam yokka avasaralu saadhaaranamgaa saraina dhwanini suuchistaayi. antekakunda, sarigga okela spelling unna padaalu chaalaa takkuva unnanduna, aksharakramam telisina paatakulaku vaastava aspashtatalu chaalaa arudu.
aksharalu oka padamlo vaati sthaanaanni batti vividha roopaalanu kaligi untayih prarambha, madhyastha ledhaa chivari. konni sandarbhaallo, tadupari paathratho drushya samarasyam kosam adanapu graphic vaividhyaalu empika cheyabadataayi.
diguva vraase niyamaalu pratyaekamgaa "mangolian" bhashaku vartistaayi, vaerae vidhamgaa perkonakapothe tappa.
acchu samarasyam.
mangolian acchu samarasyam padaala acchulanu moodu samuhaluga vibhajistundi-rendu paraspara pratyekamainavi mariyu oka tatasthamainavih
edainaa mangolian padam tatastha acchunu kaligi undavacchu, conny itara rendu samoohaalalo dheni nundi ayina acchulu matrame untaayi. drushyaparamgaa vaeru cheyabadina acchulu mariyu pratyayaala yokka acchu lakshanaalu kooda munupati padam kaandam yokka acchulatho samanamga undaali. tatastha acchulanu matrame kaligi unna padha kaandam mundu unnappudu ituvanti pratyayaala "mundu" ledhaa tatastha acchulatho vraayabadataayi. ayithe eee niyamaalalo edhee videshee padaalaku vartinchakapovachhu.
chivari acchulanu vaeru chesaaru.
acchula yokka vaeru cheyabadina tudi roopam 'ledhaa' saadhaaranam, mariyu padam kaandam ledhaa pratyayam chivarilo kanipinchavacchu. eee roopaaniki tudi aakaaramlo unna munupati aksharam mariyu madhyalo padaala madhya antaram avasaram. eee antaraanni hyphento lipyantareekarana cheyavachu.
vaeru cheyabadina 'ledhaa' yokka uniki ledhaa lekapovadam kooda ververu padaala madhya ardhamlo thedaalanu suuchistumdi ('nalupu' nii 'chuudataaniki' thoo polchandi).
daani roopaanni marinta krindiki udaaharanagaa chuupina oke aakaaramlo unna "saampradaaya" dietive-locative pratyayam "/" thoo ayomayam cheyavachu. ayithe, aaa roopam saadhaaranamgaa paatha grandhaalalo kanipistundi, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa badulugaa '/' ledhaa '/' roopaalanu teesukuntundi.
vaeru cheyabadina pratyayaala.
anni cases pratyayaalu, alaage okati ledhaa rendu aksharaalato kuudina edainaa bahuvachana pratyayaalu, adevidhamgaa munupati mariyu hyphen-lipyantareekarana antharamtho vaeru cheyabadataayi. oka kaandanki garishtamgaa rendu cases pratyayaalanu jodinchavachhu.
atuvanti yeka-akshara acchula pratyayaalu 'deshaaniki' mariyu 'rojuna' ledhaa 'rashtram' modalaina vaatilo '/', 'ledhaa'/'yokka tudi aakarapu roopaalatho kanipistaayi. bahula-akshara pratyayaalalo chaalaa tarachugaa prarambha-(hallulu), madhya-(acchulu) ledhaa roopaantara-aakarapu roopamtho praarambhamavutaayi. rendu aksharaala pratyayamlo madhyastha aakaaramlo '/' prakkane unna vaartaapatrika logolo udaaharanagaa cheppavacchu.
hallula samuuhaalu.
rendu madhya hallulu asalu mangolian padaalaloo kalisi raavacchu. ayithe, rendu ledhaa anthakante ekkuva thoo praarambhamayye ledhaa muginche konni runa padaalu unnaayi.
samyukta paerlu.
aadhunika bhaashalo, saraina paerlu (conny padaalu kaadu) saadhaaranamgaa graphic sammelanaalanu yerparustaayi ('jasper-aabharanaalu' ledhaa '-hohot nagaram vantivi). ivi vividha harmonic taragatula bhaagaalanu kalisi kalapadaniki kooda anumatistaayi, mariyu ikkada jodinchina pratyayam yokka acchulu sammelanam yokka taruvaati bhaagamtho saamarasyamgaa untaayi. akshara visaeshaalu chaalaa tarachugaa konasaaginchabadataayi, prarambha aakaaramlo 'chedda ammai' (rakshana paeru) yokka chinna mariyu podavaina "dantaalu" vale. dheeniki viruddhamgaa, madhyastha 'mariyu' eee vidhamgaa prabhaavitam kaavu.
pratyaekamaina ullekhana roopaalu.
,', ', mariyu' kaligi unna aksharaala kosam pratyaekamaina ullekhana roopaalu nighantuvulalo '/' ledhaa '/' loe unnatlugaa tudi thoka lekunda mariyu '/' ledhaa '/' loe unnatlugaa niluvu thokatho (alaage chainees aksharaala pratilekhanaalalo) kanipinchavacchu.
lekhalu.
gallic paatralu.
1587loe, anuvaadakudu mariyu panditudu ayyush gush () moodava dalai lama, sonam gatso nundi prerana pondina gallic varnamaalanu () srushtinchaadu. idhi pradhanamgaa matha grandhaalanu anuvadinchetappudu tibeton mariyu samskruta padaalanu lipyantareekarinchadaaniki adanapu aksharaalanu jodinchindi, taruvaata chainees nundi kooda. aaa aksharaalalo konni ippatikee videshee paerlanu vraayadaaniki upayogamlo unnaayi (krinda jabita cheyabadina vidhamgaa).
virama chihnalu mariyu sankhyalu.
virama chihnalu.
padaala madhya vraasetappudu, virama chihnalu vatiki rendu vaipula sthalaanni upayogistaayi. munupati padam ekkada mugustundo daanitoe sambandham lekunda avi oka pankthi chivaralo kooda kanipinchavacchu. erupu (sinnabar) siraanu aneka vraatapratulalo praadhaanyata ledhaa gowravaanni suuchimchadaaniki upayogistaaru. aadhunika virama chihnalu paaschaatya gurtulanu kaligi untayih kundaleekaranaalu; ullekhanam, prasna mariyu aascharyaarthaka gurtulu; mundugaa vraasina mariyu aascharyapariche gurtulato sahaa.
sankhyalu.
mangolian sankhyalu edama nundi kudiki ledhaa paie nundi diguvaku vraayabadataayi. mudrana shaastra kaaranaala valla, vaatini aadhunika pustakaalalo 90° loe varusalo saripoyela tipputaaru.
bhagalu mariyu rachana sailulu.
bhagalu.
krindi pattikalo saadhaaranamgaa lipi antataa upayoginche akshara bhagalu (graphimlu) jabita cheyabaddaayi. veetilo konni aneka aksharaalato upayoginchabadataayi, marikonni vaati madhya viruddhamgaa untaayi. vaati roopaalu mariyu vadakam rachana sailula madhya bhinnamgaa undavacchu kabatti, veetiki udaaharanalu diguva eee vibhagam krinda chudavachu.
rachana sailulu.
eee vibhaagamlo udaaharanagaa cheppalante, glifla akaaraalu vividha rakaala rachana sailulu mariyu vaatini utpatti cheyadaaniki madhyamam empika madhya vistrutamgaa maaravacchu. vraatapuurvaka mangolian abhivruddhini "puurva-shaastreeya" (prarambham-17va sataabdam), "shaastreeya" (16/17 va sataabdam-20va sataabdam), mariyu "aadhunika" (20va sataabdam taruvaata) anae moodu kalaluga vibhajinchavachhuh
unicode.
1999 septembarulo 3va samskarana vidudalatoe mangolian lipi unicode pramaanaaniki jodinchabadindi. ayithe, aneka roopakalpana samasyalu etthi chuupabaddaayi.
blocks.
mangolianku unicode block u + 1800-u + 18af. indulo hoodam mangolian, todo mangolian, jibe (manchuu), manchuu proper, allie gaali vanti vatiki aksharalu, ankelu, vividha virama chihnalu, alaage samskrutam, tibetanlanu lipyantareekarinchadaaniki podigimpulu unnaayi.
mangolian supplement block (yuu + 11660-yuu + 1167eff) juun 2016loe version 9 vidudalatoe unicode pramaanaaniki jodinchabadindihi
keyboard layowoot.
vyaktigata computerlaku praamaanika mangolian saampradaaya lipi keyboard layowoot eee krindi vidhamgaa undhi (aksharalu 90 degreela apasavya disalo tippabadi unnayani gamaninchandi):

