
kunming-haifang railway

yunnan-haifang railway (;, "indo-chaina-yunnan railroad") anedi 1904-1910 samayamlo france nirminchina railway, idhi haifang, viyatnaamnu, kunming, yunnan provins, chainaatho kaluputundi. chainaalooni kunming nundi heckou varaku unna vibhaganni kunming-heckou railway () anie pilustaaru, idhi podavugaa untundi. viyatnaamlooni vibhagam podavugaa untundi, dheenini hanoi-laavo kaii railway () anie pilustaaru. maargam venta parvata bhuubhaagam kaaranamgaa railway gaze thoo nirminchabadindi. prastutam idhi chainaalo upayoginche ekaika pradhana line.
charitra.
19va sataabdamloo, french valasa paripalana indochaina mariyu nairuti chaina madhya kramabaddhamaina vaanijya netvarklu mariyu samarthavanthamaina ravana moulika sadupaayaalanu abhivruddhi cheyadaaniki panichesindi. atuvanti prayatnaaniki praathamika prerana chainaku european vastuvulanu egumati cheyadaanni sulabhataram cheyadam. oka railway france kuu yunnan yokka sahaja vanarulu, khanija vanarulu mariyu nallamandu vanti vatiki kooda pravesam kalpistundi mariyu vari, podi chepalu, kalapa mariyu boggu vanti indochinese utpattula kosam chainees marketnu terustundi.
railway nirmaanaaniki mundu, haifang (yunnanku atyanta sameepa samudra naukaasrayam) nundi kunming varaku praamaanika prayaana samayanni paschima adhikarulu 28 rojulugaa lekkinchaaruh 16 rojulu aaviri dwara, aapai erra nadhi varaku oka chinna padava manhavo (), aapai 12 rojulu bhoomi meeda ().
modati sino-japanese yuddhamlo (1894-95) chaina otami taruvaata railway nirmaana hakku pondindi. 95 million fraanklu (€362 million) vyayamtho, railway france chepattina atyanta pratishtaatmaka valasa prajectulalo okati, mariyu 1910 april 1naa upayogamloki vachindi. eee vibhagam modata indochinese networkla maadirigaane nirvahinchabadindi, mariyu kambodia dwara (saigaon mariyu nome penn madhya) "missing link" kosam kakapothe, malaysialo kooda upayoginchinatlugaa, kunming nundi singapur varaku railla dwara nadapadam bhouthikamgaa saadhyamayyedi.
japan nundi vacchina ottiditoe, rendava saino-japanese yuddhamlo chainaku sarafaraalanu tagginchadaaniki france 1940 juulai 16naa line moosivesindi. japan aakramana samayamlo japan jaateeya railway taragati 9600 2-8-0 locomotivelu vaari dandayaatraku sahaayapadataaniki ravana cheyabaddaayi, mariyu "deth railway" puurtayina tarvaata kontakaalam traaphik dwara barmaku mariyu anduvalla bharatiya netvarkku pampadam saadhyamaindi. rendava prapancha yuddham nundi gharshanala samayamlo railway vibhagalu naasanam cheyabadinanduna idhi ippudu saadhyam kaadu.
1979 naati sino-vietnamese yuddham samayamlo, nanuxy nadipai railway vantena
rendu deshaala sarihaddu naasanam cheyabadindi, chaina mariyu vietnam madhya vaanijyam aneka samvatsaraalu aagipoyindi.
gebishi railway.
irukaina gaze gebishi branch line bisejai nundi ravana vaipu nirminchabadindi mariyu podavugaa undhi. idhi 1915loe nirminchabadindi mariyu chivari bhaagam 1990loe moosiveyabadindi.
prastuta rashtram.
vaaraaniki rendusaarlu sarihaddu prayaaneekula seva 2000 natiki konasaagindi; rendava taragati prayaanikulu sarihaddu station vadda chainees railu nundi vietnamese railuku badilee cheyalsi vachindi, ayithe modati taragati kaaru prayaanikulu tama kaarunu sarihaddu meedugaa railuku badilee chesinanduna bordulo undipovachhu. ayithe, kondachariyalu virigipadatam valla tarachugaa alasyam avutuu untundi.
chivariki, 2005loe
railway yokka chainees vibhaagamlo (kunming-heckou railway) prayaaneekula seva nilipiveyabadindi,
mariyu chaalaa varaku prayaaneekula kochlu mayanmar kuu viraalamgaa ivvabaddaayi.
2008loe, railway yokka chainees vibhaagamlo oka chinna bhaagam (podavaina) loe prayaaneekula seva tirigi praarambhinchabadindi, conny chaalaa parimita sthaayilo. 2012 natiki, rendu rojuvaaree raillu meater-gaze tracklapy unna kunming uttara railway station nundi kunming paschima shivaarlalooni shizuy (<unk>) station varaku, mariyu nagaraniki thoorpuna unna wangziying (<unk> <unk>) varaku nadichayi. 2016 natiki, eee seva ippatikee konasagutondi, 2 rojuvaaree raillu wangziaing mariyu okati shizuiki. december 2017loe, kunming nem. 4 metro line nirmaanaaniki gadini vadiliveyadaaniki, shizuy mariyu wangziying madhya prayaanikula railu seva mallee nilipiveyabadindi, mariyu pattana praantamloo meater gaze railway yokka bhagalu koolchiveyabaddaayi.
kunming-heckou railway antataa saruku ravana seva konasagutondi. konni rolling stacklanu pani chese sthithilo konasagistunnaru. 2015 vaartaa nivedika prakaram, gatha edu samvatsaraalalo, sarihaddu container shippinglo upayogam kosam kunming uttara station varkshaaplo 63 meater gaze flatkarlanu punaruddharinchaaru. 2016loe, kayuwan varkshaaplo punaruddharinchadaaniki mariyu mallee upayoginchadaaniki 100 moth balled saruku ravana rail kaarlanu empika chesaaru.
eee maargamlo antarjaateeyamgaa taralinchabadina mukhyamaina saruku rakaalalo rasayana eruvulu unnaayi. 2015 nundi, kaiyuvaanlooni fasfate eruvula tayaareedaarula nundi viyatnaamlooni viniyogadaarulaku pratyaksha raillu nadupabadutunnaayi. vyatiraeka disalo, vietnam nundi sulfur mariyu jink dhaatuvu saandrata chainaku digumati cheyabadataayi.
20va sataabdam modati ardhabhaagamlo railway yokka uchchasthitito poliste, 21va sataabdamloo sino-vietnamese vaanijyamlo kunming-heckou meater-gaze line yokka mottam paatra gananeeyamgaa taggindi. 2015 naati oka vyaasam prakaram mariyu 2014 loe heckouku praamaanika-gaze railway praarambhaaniki mundu vaanijyam panichesinatlu vivaristuu (krinda chudandi), kunming nundi viyatnaanku ravana cheyabadina saruku kosam atyanta saadhaarana maargam circuit avtundi nanning-kunming railway (1997 loe praarambhinchabadindi), fangchengang samudra naukaasrayam, aapai haifangku ooda dwara. ayithe, 2015 nundi, meater-gaze linepy sarihaddu ravana mottam mallee perugutondi.
2017 nivedika prakaram, 2017 modati traimaasikamlo sarihaddu maargamlo railu dwara 166,200 tannula saruku ravana jarigindi, idhi munupati samvatsaram idhe kaalamtho poliste 66.2% perugudalanu mariyu 12 samvatsaraala rikaardunu suuchistumdi. indulo chaina nundi viyatnaanku egumati cheyabadina 74,100 tannula eruvulu mariyu vietnam nundi chainaku digumati chesukunna 92,100 tannula sulfur mariyu jink dhaatuvu unnaayi.
vietnamese vaipu, hanoi-haifang mariyu hanoi-laavo kaii railvelu desheeya mariyu sarihaddu saruku ravaanaaku mukhyamainaviga konasagutunnayi. hanoi nundi haifang varaku mariyu hanoi nundi sarihaddu pattanam laavo kaii varaku prayaaneekula raillu nadustune unnaayi.
kotta kunming-heckou railway line.
kunming nundi vietnamese sarihaddu (kunming-yuxi-heckou railway) vaipu kotta railway line 1990luu mariyu 2010la madhya aneka dasallo nirminchabadindi. daani modati vibhagam, kunming nundi yuxi varaku railway saakha, 1993loe praarambhinchabadindi. kotta yuxi-mengji vibhagam fibravari 2013loe saruku ravana seva kosam praarambhinchabadindi; april 2013loe, prayaaneekula raillu pratiroojuu mengji uttaraana, kunmingku dakshinaana mariyu heckouku sumaru uttaraana nadustaayi. juulai natiki rendava rojuvaaree railu jodinchabadindi.
mengji-heckou vibhagam december 2014loe praarambhinchabadindi, mariyu heckou uttara railway station mariyu kunming madhya saadhaarana prayaaneekula seva praarambhamaindi, konni raillu dolly varaku konasagayi.
kotta kunmim-yuxi-mengji-heckou railu maargam dadapuga paatha kunmim-haifang railveku samaantaramgaa unnappatikee, rendu railway margalu gananeeyamgaa bhinnamgaa unnaih kotta railu maargam, tongoy mariyu gianshui gundaa velutundi, idhi paatha railveku paschimaana undhi (idhi yilliang mariyu kayuwan gundaa velutundi).
praamaanika-gaze netvarkku anusandhaanaalu.
kunming-haifang railway praamaanika-gaze networktho anusandhanam ayye konni paayintlu unnaayi, ivi irukaina-gaze mariyu praamaanika-gaze railla madhya saruku ravaanaanu anumatistaayi.
viyatnaamlo, hanoi metropolitan praantamloo dual-gaze (meater mariyu standard) line dwara praamaanika-gaze access undhi, idhi hanoi yokka jiah-aam railway station nundi chainees (gwangsi) sarihaddu varaku nadustundi.
irukaina gaze railway yokka uttara chivaralo, kunming, meater-gaze railway mariyu praamaanika-gaze railway dwara sevalu andistondi. vividha gejla trackla madhya oka sthaayi-crossing kooda undhi.
kotta heckou uttara railway station (kotta praamaanika-gaze line yokka dakshina terminal) mariyu paatha meater-gaze railway madhya short meater-gaze connector line nirminchabadindi, tadwara standard-gaze rolling stacku reload cheyadaaniki meater-gaze railkar meeda vietnam nundi sarukunu teesukuraavadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. chinna anusandhaana maargam paatha heckou station nundi konni kilometres dhooramlo unna kunming-haifang irukaina gaze pradhana maargamlo kalustundi.
irukaina gaze mariyu praamaanika gaze network madhya idhe vidhamaina anusandhanam mengjeelo undhi, ikkada irukaina gaze yuguopo railway station () undhi. 
kunming-yuxi-heckou linelo praamaanika-gaze mengji uttara railway station () prakkane kawaba-gwanziation saakha undhi.
museumlu mariyu smaaraka chihnalu.
kunming uttara railway stationloni yunnan railway museum, yunnan lopala unna kunming-haifang railway mariyu daani irukaina gaze branch linelapy pedda pradarsananu kaligi undhi, ayithe idhi provins yokka praamaanika gaze railway charitranu kooda kaligi undhi.
heckou vadda, kotta heckou uttara railway station (2014 loe praarambhinchabadindi) velupala unna chaturasram kunming-haifang railwaypai pratyeka drushti saarinchi, eee praantamlooni ravana mariyu aardhika vyavastha charitranu varninche upasamanaalato alankarinchabadindi.