janabha badilee

janabha badilee ledhaa punaravasam anedi oka rakamaina saamuuhika valasalu, tarachugaa rashtra vidhanam ledhaa antarjaateeya adhikaram dwara vidhinchabadutundi mariyu chaalaa tarachugaa jaathi ledhaa matam aadhaaramgaa conny aardhika abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa kooda. bahishkarana ledhaa bahishkarana anedi idhe vidhamaina prakriya, conny vyaktulu mariyu samuuhaalaku balavantamgaa vartinchabadutundi. janabha badilee kevalam vyaktigatamgaa prerepinchabadina valasala nundi saanketikamgaa bhinnamgaa untundi, conny yuddha samayaallo, pramaadam ledhaa karuvu nundi paaripoye charya tarachugaa thedaalanu aspashtam chestundi. valasalu asankhyaakamaina "vyaktigata" nirnayaala phalitamgaa untayane kalpananu oka rashtram kaapaadagaligite, sthaanabhramsham kosam adhi nindinchaledani rashtram cheppagaladu.
tarachugaa prabhaavita janabhanu balavantamgaa suduura praantaaniki badilee chestaaru, bahusha vaari jeevana vidhaanaaniki sariponidi, vaariki gananeeyamaina haani kaligistundi. adanamgaa, eee prakriya anedi taralinchinappudu sthiramaina aasti nashtam mariyu gananeeyamaina mottamlo charaastula nashtam anie suuchistumdi. eee badilee anedi marinta saktivantamaina party bhoomini itara upayogaalu cheyalane korika dwara ledhaa takkuva tarachugaa, punaravasam avasaramayye vinaasakaramaina paryaavarana ledhaa aardhika paristhitula dwara prerepinchabadavachhu.
mottamodati janabha badilee cree. puu. 13va sataabdamloo puraatana assyriaku chendinadi, mukhyamgaa neo-assyrian saamrajyamlo balavantamgaa punaravasam pondadam prabalamgaa undhi. chudandi bharatadesa vibhajana, charitralo atipedda janabha badilee, indulo british india antataa mottam 20 millionla mandhi prajalu unna punjab provincelo 12 millionla mandhi prajalu palgonnaru, rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata rendava atipeddadi germanla vimanayanam mariyu bahishkarana, indulo 12 millionlaku paiga prajalu palgonnaru.
ukrain ukrainpai russia dandayaatra samayamlo ukrain vaasulanu (vaelaadi mandhi pillalatho sahaa) russiaku balavantamgaa bahishkarinchadaaniki mundu, airopalo chivari pradhana janabha badilee badilee kosovo yuddham samayamlo 800,000 mandhi jaathi albanianlanu bahishkarinchadam. antekakunda, airopalo atipedda janabha badileelalo konni joseph stallin aadhvaryamlo soviet union yokka jaathi vidhaanaalaku aapadinchabaddaayi. aardhika abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa iteevali kaalamlo atyanta prasiddha udaaharana chainaalo moodu gorges aanakattala nirmaanam phalitamgaa erpadindi.
chaaritraka nepathyam.
janabha badileelaku mottamodati udaaharanalu yuddham mariyu saamrajyam sandarbhamlo jarigaayi. jerusalem raaju hizkiaku vyatiraekamgaa sunherib chesina dandayaatralo bhaagamgaa (cree. puu. 701) "200,150 mandhi goppa, chinna, maga, aada" nava-assyrian saamraajyamloni itara deshaalaku badilee cheyabaddaaru. pertian mariyu byzantine saamrajyaala krinda ilanti janabha badileelu jarigaayi. janabha badileelu ghnaanoodayam taruvaata european samaajaala viluvalaku anukuulamgaa levani bhaavistaaru, conny idhi saadhaaranamgaa valasa shakti yokka sonta bhuubhaagaaniki matrame parimitam cheyabadindi, mariyu 20va sataabdamloo european kaalaneelalo janabha badileelu konasagayi.
nirdishta rakaala janabha badilee.
janabha marpidi.
janabha marpidi antey oke samayamlo rendu janabha vyatiraeka disalalo badilee kavadam. siddhaantaparamgaa, kaneesam, marpidi anedi balavantam kaanidi, conny eee marpidi yokka prabhaavaala vaastavikata ellappuduu asamanamga untundi, mariyu "marpidi" anie pilavabade daanilo kaneesam sagam saadhaaranamgaa balamaina ledhaa dhanavanthudaina palgonevariche balavantam cheyabadutundi. 20va sataabdamloo ituvanti marpidi aneka saarlu jarigindih
jaathi durbalata.
jaathi durbalata anedi jaathi mariyu/ledhaa saamskrutikamgaa aadhipatyam kaligina janaabhaalooni konni bhaagaalanu jaathi minority ledhaa saamskrutikamgaa bhinnamaina ledhaa pradhana sravanti kaani samuuham janabha kaligina praantamloki maarchadaaniki mariyu chivariki sthaanika jaathi janabhanu kalakramena pradhana sravanti samskrutigaa maarchadaaniki valasa vidhaanaalanu amalu chese paddhati.
antarjaateeya chattamlo maarpulu.
raajakeeya shaastravetta norman finkelstein prakaram, janabha badilee rendava prapancha yuddham varaku mariyu aaa taruvaata kontakaalam kooda jaathi sangharshana samasyalaku aamodayogyamaina parishkaramga pariganinchabadindi. jaathi sangharshana ledhaa jaathi antaryuddhaanni antam cheyadaaniki badileeni teevramaina conny tarachugaa avasaramainadigaa pariganinchaaru. 19va sataabdam madhyakaalam nundi railroad networkla srushti dwara janabha badilee saadhyata bhaareega perigindi. georg arvel, thana 1946 vyaasam "politics und dhi inglish longuage" (rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo airopalo taralimpu mariyu bahishkaranala samayamlo vraayabadindi) loe ilaa perkonnaduh
janabha badileepai antarjaateeya chattam yokka drukpatham 20va sataabdamloo gananeeyamaina parinaamaaniki guraindi. rendava prapancha yuddhaaniki mundu, aneka pradhana janabha badileelu dwaipaakshika oppandaala phalitamgaa jarigaayi mariyu leag off nations vanti antarjaateeya samsthala maddatunu kaligi unnaayi. rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata madhya mariyu thoorpu airopa nundi rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata germanlanu bahishkarinchadam anedi pots daam communic yokka artical artical mitrarajyalache manjuru cheyabadindi, conny parisoedhanaloo british mariyu american pratinidhulu iddaroo pots daam vadda janabha badilee parimaanaanni teevramgaa vyatirekinchaarani telindi, idhi ippatike jarigindi mariyu 1945 vesavilo vegavantam avtondi. nibandhana yokka pradhana draft ayina geophrey haarisan, eee vyaasam bahishkaranalanu aamodinchadaaniki uddesinchinadi kaadani, conny pravahanni niyantrinchadaaniki berlinloni niyantrana mandaliki saamarthyaanni badilee cheyadaaniki oka marganni kanugonadaaniki uddesinchinadani vivarinchaaru.
german naajii nayakula neuremberg vichaaranala saasanam poura janabhanu balavantamgaa bahishkarinchadam yuddha neram mariyu maanavatvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa neram anie prakatinchinappudu aatupotlu maaradam praarambhinchaayi. aaa abhiprayam kramamga sweekarinchabadindi mariyu migilina sataabdam antataa vistarinchabadindi. vyaktulaku hakkulanu ketayinche dhorani, tadwara vaarini pratikuulamgaa prabhaavitam chese oppandaalu cheyadaaniki raashtraala hakkulanu parimitam cheyadam eee maarpuku antarleenamgaa undhi.
asankalpita janabha badileela saadhaarana chattaparamaina sthithi gurinchi ippudu chaalaa takkuva charcha jarugutondihi "jaathi sangharshananu parishkarinchadaaniki janabha badileelanu oka maargamgaa angeekarinche chota, nedu, balavantamgaa janabha badileelu antarjaateeya chatta ullanghanalugaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi."prati vyakti yokka hakkulu itarula anubhavam nundi swatantramgaa pariganinchabadataayi kabatti vann-vae mariyu too-vae badileela madhya chattaparamaina vyatyaasam ledhu.
 nalgava geniva samavesam samavesam aamodinchabadindi mariyu ippudu aachaarabaddhamaina antarjaateeya chattamlo bhaagam) yuddha sainika aakramana kinda aakramita bhuubhaagam nundi ledhaa loki prajala saamuuhika kadalikalanu nishedhistundih
vivaksha nivaarana mariyu minorityla rakshanapai aikyaraajyasamiti upa-commission (1993) yokka madhyantara nivedika ilaa chebutondih
nijamaina swachchandatanu nirdhaarinchadamlo ibbandi undani adhe nivedika heccharinchindih
"konni chaaritraka badileelu balavantamgaa ledhaa tappanisari badileelaku pilupunivvaledu, conny prabhaavita janaabhaaku empikalanu kaligi unnaayi. edemaina, sambandhita oppandaalaku hajarayye paristhitulu munduku saagadaaniki balamaina naitika, manasika mariyu aardhika ottillanu srushtinchaayi."
upa-commission (1997) yokka tudi nivedika, taralinchabadina janabha mariyu aatitheya janabha rendinti sammati unte tappa, janabha badileelu antarjaateeya chattaniki viruddhamgaa untayane vaikhariki maddatugaa aneka chattaparamaina samavesalu mariyu oppandaalanu aahvaaninchindi. antekakunda, aaa sammati pratyaksha ledhaa paroksha pratikuula ottidi lekunda ivvali.
"janabhanu bahishkarinchadam ledhaa balavantamgaa badilee cheyadam" anedi antarjaateeya naera nyayasthaanam yokka rome saasanam (artical 7) dwara maanavatvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa neeramgaa nirvachinchabadindi. maajee yugoslavia kosam antarjaateeya criminal tribunal aaa praantamloo balavantamgaa bahishkarinchinanduku aneka mandhi raajakeeya nayakulu mariyu sainika commanderlanu doshulugaa nirdhaarinchindi mariyu konnisaarlu doshigaa nirdhaarinchindi.
jaathi prakshaalana anedi "janabhanu bahishkarinchadam ledhaa balavantamgaa badilee cheyadam" nuu kaligi untundi mariyu indulo palgonna balagalu maanavatvaaniki vyatiraekamgaa neeraalatoo sahaa itara neeraalanu kaligi undavacchu. jaateeyavaada udyamam prastuta ledhaa bhavishyat jaathi sangharshanaku parishkaramga janabha badileeki ledhaa vyatiraekamgaa oka vidhamgaa ledhaa maroka vidhamgaa praja maddatunu kathinataram cheyavachu, mariyu daani maddatu prachaaramtho kaaryaacharana pranaalika yokka maddatudaarulache vaikharini pempondinchavacchu, idhi vaari lakshyalanu saadhinchadaaniki oka vilakshanhamaina raajakeeya saadhanamgaa upayoginchabadutundi.
timothy vii. jaathi prakshaalana yokka chattaparamaina nirmaanampai", "sudettenland yokka oder-nees lineku thoorpuna mariyu thoorpu airopaloni itara praantaalalo chattaparamaina parishkaram lekunda jaathi german janabhanu bahishkarinchadam anedi antarjaateeya chattam prakaram itara janabhanu bhavishyattulo jaathi prakshaalana cheyadaaniki anumatinche chattaparamaina udaaharananu erpaatu chesindani waters vaadistundi. ayithe, athani kaagitam jacob carnides yokka adhyayanam "yuu vistarana tarvaata sudeten german prasna" dwara khandinchabadindi."
airopalo.
france.
france charithratho mudipadi unna rendu prasiddha badileelu badileelu yoodula mataanni nishedhinchadam mariyu mariyu fantainblue saasanam dwara french protestantlu ayina hugunotes mataanni nishedhinchadam. protestantlapy mataparamaina yuddham chaalaa mandhi diguva deshaalalo, ingland mariyu switzerlandlo aasrayam pondadaaniki daariteesindi. 18va sataabdam praarambhamlo, kontamandi huguenauts valasa americaku valasa vacchaaru. rendu sandarbhaalloonuu, janabhanu balavantamgaa bayataku pampaledu, conny vaari mataanni chattaviruddhamgaa prakatinchaaru mariyu chaalaa mandhi desham vidichi vellipoyaaru.
evon certima prakaram, luis xv nallajaatiiyulandarinii france nundi bahishkarinchaalani aadesinchaadu, conny adhi viphalamaindi. aaa samayamlo, vaaru ekkuvagaa carabian mariyu louisiana kaalaneelaku chendina swechhaa prajalu, saadhaaranamgaa french valasa purushulu mariyu african mahilala vaarasulu. kontamandi tandrulu tama mishrama jaathi kumaarulanu fraansku vidyanu abhyasinchadaaniki ledhaa akkada sthirapadataaniki vaariki aasti ivvadaaniki pampaaru. alegzander dumas tandri thamus-alexander dumas vale itarulu sainyamlo pravesinchaaru.
ireland.
ireland irelandpy chromevalian vijayam mariyu sthiranivaasam taruvaata, chaalaa mandhi swadeshi airish catholic bhuswamulu vaari bhoomulanu swaadheenam chesukuni, naatina pattanaallo nivasinchadaanni nishedhinchaaru. teliyani sankhya, bahusha 100,000 airish varaku, paschima indies mariyu uttara americaloni kaalaneelaku oppanda sevakulugaa tolaginchabaddaayi.
adanamgaa, ireland yokka nammakamaina protestant janabhanu vistarinchadaaniki irelandloki janabha badileela shreniki kireetam maddatu ichindi. thotalagaa piluvabade vaaru pradhanamgaa scatland mariyu ingland yokka uttara sarihaddu kounteela nundi valasa vachinavaaru. paddenimidava sataabdam chivaralo, american viplava yuddhaaniki mundu padamudu kaalaneelalo pravesinchadaaniki british deevula nundi valasa vacchina atipedda samuuham scots-irish.
scatland.
british vyavasaya viplavamlo graameena inglandlo janabha tagginchina aavaranalu madhya yugaalalo prarambhamayyayi. scatlandlo ilanti parinaamaalanu iteevala lothattu clearancelu anie pilustaaru.
18va sataabdamloo scottish ettaina praantaalu mariyu scottish deevula janabhanu highland clearancelu balavantamgaa sthaanabhramsham chesaayi. vaaru tiiraaniki, scottish lothattu praantaalaku mariyu vidaesaalaku, padamudu kaalaneelu, kenada mariyu karaebiyanlaku saamuuhika valasalaku daariteesaaru.
central eurup.
chaaritraatmakamgaa, yoodulu mariyu roman prajala bahishkaranalu, bahishkarana saasanaalu, chattalu, aadesaalu modalaina vaati roopamlo, oka saadhanamgaa vartimpajeyabadina rashtra niyantrana saktini pratibimbistaayi.satabdaalugaa vaariki vyatiraekamgaa.
rendava prapancha yuddhamlo molotov-ribbentrop oppandam polandnu vibhajinchina taruvaata, germanlu naajii germany swaadheenam chesukunna polish bhuubhaagaala nundi dhruvalu mariyu yoodulanu bahishkarinchaaru, mariyu soviet union thoorpu polland, cressy praantaala nundi dhruvalanu bahishkarinchindi. 1940 nundi, adolph hitler germanlanu vaaru minorityga unna praantaala (baltics, aagneya mariyu thoorpu airopa) nundi german "posen", poznan chuttoo unna praantamaina vaarthegouki tirigi sthirapadela cheyadaaniki prayatninchaadu. akkada janabhalo adhikabhagam erpadina stambhaalu mariyu yoodulanu ayana bahishkarinchaadu. yuddhaaniki mundu, eee praantamloo janabhalo germanlu 16 saatam unnaaru.
naajilu modatlo yoodulanu valasa vellamani ottidi cheyadaaniki prayatninchaaru mariyu austrialo yoodula janabhalo chaalaa mandini tarimikottadamlo vijayam saadhinchaaru. ayithe, perugutunna videshee pratighatana eee pranaalikanu vaastavamgaa nilipivesindi. taruvaata, yoodulanu ghettolaku, chivariki marana shibiraalaku badilee chesaaru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo naajii germanylo balavantapu kaarmikula vadakam pedda ettuna jarigindi. naajeevaadam samayamlo germany mariyu austrialoni aastulapai santakam chesina yoodulu, alaa cheyamani balavantam cheyabadinappatiki, rendava prapancha yuddham tarvaata tirigi chellinchadam daadaapu asadhyam anie kanugonnaru, paakshikamgaa "vidichipettadaaniki vyaktigata nirnayam" vaadana chese prabhutvaala saamarthyam kaaranamgaa.
germanlu daadaapu iravai european deshaala nundi sumaru 12 millionla mandini apaharinchaaru; veerilo moodinta rendu vantula mandhi thoorpu airopa nundi vacchaaru.
rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata, upayoginchaayi polland thoorpu sarihaddugaa paschima mitraraajyaalu pratipaadinchina karjan line amalu cheyabadinappudu, anni jaathi samuuhaala sabhyulanu vaari kotta bhuubhaagaalaku (polandku dhruvalu, ukreniyanlu soviet ukreyinku) badilee chesaaru. adhe oder-neesse rekhaku thoorpuna unna puurvapu german bhuubhaagaalaku vartistundi, ikkada german pourulanu germanyki badilee chesaaru. soviet union mariyu polland swaadheenam chesukunna praantaala nundi alaage chekoslovekia, hangari, romenia mariyu yugoslavia bhuubhaagaala nundi germanlanu bahishkarinchaaru. 1944 nundi 1948 varaku, 13.5 nundi 16.5 millionla mandhi germanlu bahishkarinchabaddaaru, taralinchabaddaaru ledhaa madhya mariyu thoorpu airopa nundi paaripoyaaru. statistisches bandesam (federal statistics office) anchanaa prakaram 21 laksala mandhi praanaalu kolpoyaru 
polland mariyu soviet ukrain janabha maarpidini nirvahinchaayi. kotta polland-soviet sarihadduku thoorpuna nivasistunna stambhaalanu polandku (2,100,000 vyaktulu) bahishkarinchaaru, kotta sarihadduku paschimaana nivasinchina ukrain vaasulanu soviet ukreyinku bahishkarinchaaru. soviet ukreyinku janabha badilee september 1944 nundi mae 1946 varaku (450,000 mandhi vyaktulu) jarigindi. kontamandi ukreniyanlu (200,000 mandhi vyaktulu) ekkuva ledhaa takkuva swachchandamgaa (1944 mariyu 1945 madhya) aagneya polandnu vidichipettaru. rendava sanghatana chudandi operation vistula kinda jarigindi.
airopalo daadaapu 20 millionla mandhi prajalu 1944 mariyu 1951 madhya jaathi samuuhaalanu kramabaddheekarinche prakriyaloo tama illanu vidichipettaru ledhaa bahishkarinchabaddaaru, badilee cheyabaddaaru ledhaa marpidi cheyabaddaaru.
speyin.
speyin speyinlooni yoodula janabha alhambra decree dwara bahishkarinchabadindi. kontamandi yoodulu uttara africaku vellaaru; itarulu thoorpuna polland, france mariyu italii mariyu itara madhyadhara deshaalaku vellaaru.
vellaaru, oka sataabdaaniki paiga catholic vichaaranalu, vibhajana mariyu mataparamaina parimitula taruvaata, 300,000 mandhi muslimlanu speyin nundi bahishkarinchadam, moriscolanu bahishkarinchadam jarigindi. spanish muslimlalo ekkuva mandhi uttara africaku, ottoman saamraajya niyantrana praantaalaku vellaaru.
aagneya airopa.
1940 septembarulo, krayova oppandam prakaram romenia dakshina dobrujanu bulgariaku tirigi ivvadamtho, janabha marpidi jarigindi. 103, 711 mandhi romanlu, sugandha dravyaalu mariyu megleno-romanianlu sarihadduku uttaraana vellavalasi vachindi, ayithe uttara dobruzalo nivasistunna 62,278 mandhi bulgarianlu bulgarialoki vellavalasi vachindi.
punaruddharana prakriyaloo sumaru 360,000 bulgarian turklu bulgaria nundi paaripoyaayi.
paaripoyaayi yugoslave yuddhaala samayamlo, yugoslavia vidipovadam valla pedda janabha badileelu jarigaayi, ekkuvagaa asankalpitamgaa. idhi jaathi jaateeyatache prerepinchabadina sangharshana kabatti, minority jaatula prajalu saadhaaranamgaa vaari jaathi majority unna praantaala vaipu paaripoyaaru.
jaathi prakshaalana" drugvishayam modata crotealo kanipinchindi, conny tvaralo bosniaku vyaapinchindi. bosnian muslimlaku takshana aasrayam lenanduna, vaaru jaathi himsatho atyanta teevramgaa debbatinnaru. thoorpu bosnialoni muslim janabha kosam "surakshita praantaalanu" srushtinchadaaniki aikyaraajyasamiti prayatninchindi, conny srebrenica oochakotha mariyu itara praantaalalo, shanti pariraksaka dalaalu "surakshita praantaalanu" rakshinchadamlo viphalamayyayi, phalitamgaa vaelaadi mandhi muslimla oochakotha jarigindi.
daytone oppandaalu bosnia mariyu herjegovinalo yuddhanni muginchaayi, 1995 saradrutuvu natiki sthaapinchabadina rendu yuddha paarteela madhya sarihaddulanu sumaruga nirnayinchaayi. shanti oppandam taruvaata janabha badilee yokka takshana phalitam eee praantamloo jaathi himsalo padunaina ksheenata.
sangharshana saaraamsam kosam washington post balcon nivedikanu chudandi, mariyu janabha jaathi pampinhee pataala kosam maajee yugoslavia vislaeshanhanu chudandi.
1999 kosovo yuddham samayamlo serbia yokka albanianlanu bhaarii mariyu kramabaddhamaina bahishkarana jarigindi, sumaru 800,000 albanianlu (sumaru 15 laksala janabhalo) kosovo nundi paripovalsi vachindi. yuddhaala mugimpulo kosovolo albanianlu majority ayyaru, sumaru 200,000 mandhi serbs mariyu roma kosovo nundi paaripoyaaru. paaripoyaaru kosovo swaatantryam prakatinchinappudu, daani janabhalo ekkuva mandhi albanianlu unnaaru.
aneka mandhi commanderlu mariyu raajakeeya nayakulu, mukhyamgaa serbia mariyu yugoslav adhyakshudu slobodon milosevic, maajee yugoslavia kosam vividha rakaala yuddha neeraalaku, bahishkaranalu mariyu maranahomam vanti vatiki gaanu un yokka antarjaateeya criminal tribunal dwara vichaaranaku gurayyaru.
grease mariyu turkey.
greco-turkish yuddham" yuddham" "taruvaata, deshaala leag parasparam bahishkarinchabadina vaarini" "grease yokka muslim nivaasulu" "gaa tarkeeki mariyu" "turkey yokka kraistava sanaatana nivaasulanu" "greesku taralinchadam anie nirvachinchindi". eee pranaalikaku rendu deshaalalo teevra vyatiraekata eduraindi mariyu pedda sankhyalo deshaalu teevramgaa khandinchayi. nirutsaahapadakundaa, friedjoff nansen pratipaadita janabha marpidi yokka angeekaaram pondadaaniki grease mariyu turkey rendintitoonuu panicheesaaru. sumaru 15 laksala mandhi kraistavulu mariyu ara million mandhi muslimlu antarjaateeya sarihadduku oka vaipu nundi maroka vaipuku taralinchabaddaaru.
marpidi amaluloki vachinappudu (1 mae 1923), yuddhaaniki mundu unna greeku janabhalo chaalaa mandhi aegean turkey himsa mariyu greeku maranahomam kaaranamgaa appatike paaripoyaaru, anduvalla central anatolia yokka sanaatana kraistavulu (greeku mariyu turkish matlade iddaroo) mariyu pontic greekulu matrame palgonnaru, mottam 189,916 mandhi unnaaru. indulo palgonna mottam muslimla sankhya 354,647.
janabha badilee aaya raashtraalloni minoritylapai marinta daadulanu nirodhinchindi, mariyu nansenku shanti kosam nobel bahumati labhinchindi. badileela phalitamgaa, greeslo muslim minority mariyu turkeylo greeku minority chaalaa taggindi. cyprus mariyu dodecanese 1923 naati greco-turkish janabha badileeloo cherchabadaledu, endukante avi varusaga british mariyu italian pratyaksha niyantranalo undevi. cyprus yokka vidhi kosam, krinda chudandi. chudandi dodecanese grease loe bhaagamaindi.
italii.
italii, hitler mariyu mussolini dakshina tyrol yokka german matlade janaabhaaku oka empikanu (dakshina tyrol empika oppandam) ivvadaaniki angeekarinchaaruh vaaru poruguna unna germanyki (iteevala-anubandhinchabadina austriatho sahaa) valasa vellavacchu ledhaa italeelo undi, vileenam kaavadaaniki angeekarinchavacchu. rendava prapancha yuddham praarambhamainanduna, oppandam paakshikamgaa matrame puurtayimdi.
cyprus.
cyprus meeda turkish dandayaatra mariyu dveepam yokka tadupari vibhajana taruvaata, oka vaipu greeku pratinidhi mariyu maroka vaipu turkish cypriot pratinidhi madhya augustu 2,1975 naa aikyaraajyasamiti aadhvaryamlo oka oppandam kudirindi. cyprus republic prabhutvam dveepamlooni turkish aakramita praantaalaku turkish cypriotla swachchanda kadalikalo evaina aankshalanu ettivestundi, mariyu badulugaa, turkish cypriot vaipu aakramita praantaalalo migilipoyina anni greeku cypriyatlanu akkada undataaniki mariyu saadhaarana jeevitaanni gadapadaniki prati sahayam ivvadaaniki anumatistundi.
soviet union.
rendava prapancha yuddhaaniki kontakaalam mundu, samayamlo mariyu ventane, joseph stallin bhaarii sthaayilo bahishkaranala shrenini nirvahinchaadu, idhi soviet union yokka jaathi pataanni teevramgaa prabhaavitam chesindi. 15 laksala mandiki paiga prajalanu cyberia mariyu madhya asea ganatantra praantaalaku bahishkarinchaaru. vaerpaatuvaadam, soviet palanaku pratighatana, aakramanadaarulaina germanlatho sahakaram bahishkaranalaku pradhana adhikaarika karanaluga perkonabaddaayi. rendava prapancha yuddham taruvaata, thoorpu prashya janabha sthaanamlo soviet, pradhanamgaa rashyanlu unnaaru. chaalaa mandhi tartari muslimlu uttara kraimaku, ippudu ukreyinku badilee cheyabaddaaru, ayithe dakshina crima mariyu altalo rashyanlu nivasinchevaaru.
mitraraajyaalu mitraraajyaala praantamloo unna soviet pourulandarinee soviet union (operation keelhall) kuu tirigi pamputayani yalta samavesam yokka teermaanaalalo okati. idhi mitrarajyalache vimukti pondina soviet yuddha khaideelanu ventane prabhaavitam chesindi, conny thoorpu european saranaarthulandarikii kooda vistarinchabadindi. saranaarthulanu soviet unionku tirigi raavadaaniki balavantam chese pranaalikanu vivaristuu, kodisilnu 50 samvatsaraalaku paiga american mariyu british prajala nundi rahasyamgaa unchaaru.
ukrain.
ukrain ukrainpai russia dandayaatra samayamlo vandala vaela mandhi ukrain vaasulanu balavantamgaa russiaku bahishkarinchinatlu samacharam.
americalo.
inca saamrajyam.
inca saamrajyam saamrajyam antataa jayinchina jaathi samuuhaalanu chedaragotti, saampradaaya samaja sambandhaalanu vichchinnam chesi, vaividhyamaina janabhanu kwechuwa bhasha mariyu samskrutini avalambinchamani balavantam chesindi. columbian puurva kaalamlo ennadoo puurtigaa vijayavantam kaaledu, 16va sataabdam nundi spanish palanaku vyatiraekamgaa nirvachinchina paan-andean gurtimpunu srushtinchadaaniki, vaatini sweekarinchinappudu nirankusa vidhanalu vaari goppa vijayanni saadhinchaayi. inca janabha badileela gurinchi prastuta ghnaanam chaalaa varaku spanish charitrakaarulu pedro seeza dii leone mariyu bernabe cobo vaari vivarana nundi vastundi.
kenada.
french mariyu bharatiya yuddha samayamlo (grate britton mariyu france madhya jarigina edu samvatsaraala yuddhaaniki uttara america rangasthalam), british vaaru balavantamgaa sumaru 8,000 mandhi vidyaavaettalanu kenadian samudra praavinsula nundi, modata padamudu kaalaneelaku, taruvaata fraansku marcharu. bahishkarana phalitamgaa vaelaadi mandhi munigi, aakali ledhaa anaarogyamtho maraninchaaru. fraansuku taralinchabadina kontamandi vidyaavaettalu louisianaku valasa vacchaaru, akkada vaari vaarasulu kajunluga prasiddhi chendaaru.
chendaaru pracchanna yuddha samayamlo adhika architic punaravasam jarigindi, kenada prabhutvam 87 inyootlanu adhika aarkitikku taralinchindi. eee punaravasam vivaadaaniki muulamgaa undih aakalitho unna sthaanika prajala praanaalanu kaapaadataaniki manavata charyaga ledhaa soviet unionku vyatiraekamgaa suduura uttaraana thana saarvabhoumatvaanni nokki cheppadaniki samakhya prabhutvam prerepinchina balavantamgaa valasalu anie varninchabadindi. sthaanabhramsham chendina vaariki taginanta maddatu ivvaledani irupakshaalu angeekaristunnaayi.
kenadaaloni aneka itara swadeshi prajalu prajalu 'nock' vaxda vaxda sahaa vividha rakshita bhoomulaku tama communitylanu marchavalasi vachindi.
japanese kenadian nirbandham.
japan kenadian nirbandham anedi mutyaala naukaasrayampai daadi taruvaata japan kenadiyanlanu nirbandhinchadaanni mariyu rendava prapancha yuddhamlo japanpai kenadian yuddha prakatnanu suuchistumdi. balavantamgaa punaravasam japan kenadiyanlaku prabhutvam vidhinchina curfuelu mariyu vichaaranalu mariyu udyogam mariyu aasti nashtalaku guraindi. japan kenadiyanlanu nirbandhinchaalani pradhana mantri mackenzie king aadesinchaadu, dheeniki kaaranam ekkuvagaa unna jatyahankaram. ayithe, raayal kenadian mounted pooliisulu mariyu jaateeya rakshana vibhagam andinchina aadharalu eee nirnayam anavasaramainadani chuupistunnaayi.
1949 varaku, rendava prapancha yuddham mugisina naalugu samvatsaraala taruvaata, japanese vaarasatva vyaktulandarinee vaari gruhalu mariyu vyaparala nundi kramapaddhatilo tolaginchi, nirbandha shibiraalaku pampaaru. kenadian prabhutvam anni japanese bhasha vaartaapatrikalanu moosivesindi, vyaparalu mariyu matsyakaara padavalanu swaadheenam chesukundi mariyu vaatini samarthavantamgaa vikrayinchindi. nirbandhaaniki nidhulu samakuurchadaaniki, vahanalu, illu mariyu vyaktigata vastuvulu kooda vikrayinchabaddaayi.
united states.
swaatantryam.
american viplava yuddham samayamlo mariyu taruvaata, chaalaa mandhi vidheyulu jeevitam, swechcha ledhaa aastini kolpoyaru ledhaa takkuva saareeraka haanini edurkonnaru, konnisaarlu saadhinche charyalatho mariyu konnisaarlu pradhana shakti dwara. parker wicom mariyu itara vidheyulu baga sthaapinchabadina bhayanni abhivruddhi chesaaru. phalitamgaa, chaalaa mandhi united statesga maarina vaari puurvapu gruhalanu enchukunnaaru ledhaa vidichipettavalasi vachindi, tarachugaa kenadaaku velataaru, akkada kireetam vaariki pariharam mariyu punaravasam kosam bhoomini vaagdaanam chesindi. eguva kenadaga maarina sarihaddulo chaalaa mandiki bhoomi ivvabadindi mariyu kotta pattanaalanu srushtinchaalsi vachindi. eee sanghaalu ekkuvagaa oke jaathi puurveekulu mariyu matha vishwaasaaniki chendina prajalachae sthirapaddaayi. konni sandarbhaallo, pattanaalanu pratyeka sainika vibhaagaalaku chendina purushulu mariyu vaari kutumbaalu praarambhinchaayi.
sthaanika american punaravasalu.
19va sataabdamloo, samyukta raashtraala prabhutvam 100,000 mandhi sthaanika americanlanu samakhya yaajamaanyamloni mariyu-niyaminchabadina bharatiya reservationlaku tolaginchindi. sthaanika americanlu thoorpu nundi paschima raashtraalaku tolaginchabaddaaru. atyanta prasiddha tolagimpulu 1830la nativi, ivi aagneya praantaala nundi, choktav prajalatho prarambhamayyayi. 1830 bharatiya tolagimpu chattam prakaram, aidu nagarika tegalanu vaari pradaesam nundi, mississippi nadiki thoorpuna, paschimaana bharatiya bhuubhaagaaniki marcharu. eee prakriya phalitamgaa andarikee goppa saamaajika sthaanabhramsham, aneka maranaalu mariyu cheroki deshaaniki "kanneella baata" erpadindi. bhaarata tolagimpuku pratighatana floridalo rendava seminol yuddhamtho sahaa aneka himsaatmaka sangharshanhalaku daariteesindi.
california maranahomam loe bhaagamgaa, aagashtu aagashtu, anni konko maidulanu chikoloni bidwell gaddibeeduku pampinchi, aapai mendosino kounteelooni kovelo vadda unna round valley reservationku teesukellaali. aaa praantamloo migili unna bhaaratheeyulanu kalchi champalsi undedi. maidu chuttumuttabadi, paschimaana sacramento loya nundi mariyu teerapraanta paridhi varaku kapala kinda kavaatu chesaaru. 461 mandhi sthaanika americanlu trekk praarambhinchaaru, 277 mandhi puurti chesaaru. vaaru 1863 septembaru 18naa round vyaaleeki cherukunnaru.
navajo yokka sudeergha nadaka anedi anedi yuu. ess. prabhutvam vaari bhoomi nundi ippudu arizona nundi thoorpu nyuu meksikoku balavantamgaa nadavadaniki navajo prajalanu marchadanni suuchistumdi. yavapay yuddham taruvaata fibravari 27,1875naa yavapay prajalu camp verde reservation nundi shaan carlos apachi indian reservation, arizona varaku balavantamgaa kavaatu chesaaru. federal prabhutvam aneka bharatiya yuddhaala taruvaata maidaana bhaaratheeyulanu reservationlaku parimitam chesindi, indulo bhaaratheeyulu mariyu european americanlu bhoomulu mariyu vanarulapai poraadaaru. bharatiya yuddha khaideelanu floridaloni fort marian mariyu fort pickenlalo unchaaru.
yavapayi yuddhaala taruvaata 375 yavapayi bharatiya tolagimpuloo maraninchaadu, migilina 1,400 yavapayi nundi bahishkarinchabadindi.
saadhaarana arder nem. 11 (1863).
saadhaarana arder nem. 11 anedi 1863 augustu 25naa american antaryuddham samayamlo jaarii chesina union armi decree yokka sheershika, idhi paschima misouriilooni naalugu counteelalo graameena praantaalanu khaalii cheyinchamani balavantam chesindi. idhi vistrutamaina tirugubaatu mariyu gerilla yuddhanni anusarinchindi. gerillalaku sthaanika maddatu lekunda cheyadaaniki sainyam aaa praantaanni khaalii chesindi. union general thamus eving eee uttarvunu jaarii chesaaru, idhi vaari vidheyathatho sambandham lekunda graameena nivaasitulandarinii prabhaavitam chesindi. union patla tama vidheyatanu niroopinchukogaligina vaaru eee praantamloo undataaniki anumatinchabaddaaru, conny vaari polaalanu vadili sainika sthaavaraala sameepamloni communitylaku vellalsi vachindi. alaa cheyaleni vaaru aaa praantaanni puurtigaa khaalii cheyalsi vachindi.
eee prakriyaloo, sangha dalaalu sangharshanhala kaaranamgaa gananeeyamaina aasti vidhvamsam mariyu maranaalaku kaaranamayyaayi.
japanese american nirbandham.
mutyaala naukaasrayampai saamraajya japan daadi nepathyamlo, dasaabdaala paatu jaatiparamaina japaneeyula patla anumanalu, satrutvam peragadamtho, peragadamtho yuddham kosam kottagaa srushtinchina "yuddha punaravasa sibiraalu" ledhaa nirbandha shibiraalaku united stateslo nivasistunna sumaru 110,000 mandhi japanese americanlu, japaneeyulanu balavantamgaa maarchaalani, nirbandhinchaalani yuu. ess. prabhutvam aadesinchindi. tellajati americanlu tarachugaa tama aastini nashtaallo konugolu chesevaaru.
united states yokka paschima teeramlo nivasistunna japanese jaateeyulu mariyu japanese americanlandarini nirbandhinchaaru. havaayilo, aaa bhuubhaagamlooni janabhalo daadaapu moodinta oka vanthu mandhi 150,000 kante ekkuva mandhi japanese americanlu unnaaru, adhikarulu 1,200 nundi 1,800 mandhi japanese americanlanu matrame nirbandhinchaaru. 20va sataabdam chivaralo, yuu. ess. prabhutvam nirbandha shibiraalalo praanaalatoe bayatapadina vaariki kontha pariharam chellinchindi.
asealo.
ottoman saamrajyam.
ottoman saamrajyam bahishkarana ("surgan") mariyu punaravasam dwara kottagaa swaadheenam chesukunna bhuubhaagaalanu valasarajyam chesindi, tarachugaa khaalii bhoomulanu janavasam cheyadaaniki mariyu logisticga upayogakaramaina pradaesaalaloo sthaavaraalanu sthaapinchadaaniki. surgan" anae padam ottoman patraala nundi manaku telusu mariyu "surmek" (sthaanabhramsham) anae kriya nundi vachindi. eee rakamaina punaravasam pradhanamgaa saamrajyam yokka rojuvaaree palanaku maddatu ivvadam lakshyamgaa pettukundi, conny konnisaarlu janabha badileelaku jaathi ledhaa raajakeeya aandolanalu undevi.
mehmet I paalanalo totter mariyu turkmen prajalanu kraistava airopa sarihaddu vembadi surakshita praantaalaku balkanlaku taralinchaaru. jayinchina kraistavulu anatolia mariyu thraceku taralinchabaddaaru. eee janabha badileelu murad II mariyu mehmet II palanala varaku konasagayi.
murad II saloenikaanu jayinchina taruvaata, muslimlanu asankalpitamgaa salonikaku marcharu, ekkuvagaa anatolia mariyu yennies-ii vardar nundi.
nundi vijayam saadhinchina taruvaata sthiramaina prajala nagaranni tirigi janasaandrata penchadaaniki chesina prayatnaalalo vijaeta muslimlanu matrame kakunda kraistavulu mariyu yoodulanu kooda punaravasam chesaadu.
1572 septembaru 24naa kottagaa swaadheenam chesukunna cypresslo jaarii chesina bahishkarana uttarvu prakaram, anatolia, rumm (shivas), karaman mariyu zulkadri provinceulalo prati padhi kutumbaalalo oka kutumbaanni cypressku pampalsi undhi. eee bahishkrutulu hastakalaakaarulu ledhaa raitulu. maarpidiki badulugaa vaariki rendu samvatsaraala paatu pannula nundi minahaayimpu untundi.
bayejid II nundi (d. 1512), thoorpu anatolialo bhinnamaina "kyzylbas" ("kyzylbas") kadalikatho saamrajyam ibbandi padindi. kaneesam 16va sataabdam chivari varaku kyzylbush yokka balavantamgaa punaravasam konasaagindi. selim ii (dii. 1520) vyaapaarulu, chetivruttulavaaru mariyu panditulanu tabridge mariyu kairo nundi sthiramaina prajalaku ravana cheyamani aadesinchaadu. 1522 mariyu mariyu vaari vijayala taruvaata rashtram muslimlanu roads mariyu saipraslaku valasa vellamani aadesinchindi mariyu greeku cypriyatlanu anatolia teeramlo punaravasam kalpinchindi.
17va sataabdam nundi 19va sataabdam varaku "surgan" vadakam gurinchi paaschaatya charitrakaarulalo unna ghnaanam kontavaraku nammadaganidi. rashtram thana vistarana kaalamlo vale balavantapu janabha badileelanu upayoginchaledani telustondi.
balkanlalo marpidi taruvaata, goppa saktulu mariyu taruvaata leag off nations sangharshananu tagginchadaaniki post-ottoman balcon rashtraallo sajaateeyata kosam balavantamgaa janabha badileeni oka yantraamgaa upayoginchaayi. upayoginchaayi saranaarthula kosam hycommissionerga leag off nations thoo kalisi panichestunna norwegian doutyavetta friedjoff nansen, balavantamgaa janabha badilee aalochananu pratipaadinchaaru. idhi bulgarialoni greekulanu greeku deshaaniki mariyu greesloni bulgarianlanu bulgariaku badilee cheyadaanni munupati greeku-bulgarian janabha tappanisari aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi.
thana 2007 pustakamlo, izrael panditudu mordechay jacken 1842 nundi turkey mariyu iraq (iraqi kurdistaanlo) yokka assyrian kraistavula charitranu charchinchaadu. jacken 1843 mariyu 1933 madhya jarigina moodu pradhana visphotanaalanu gurtinchaaru, eee samayamlo assyrian kraistavulu aagneya turkeylooni hakkari (ledhaa julamrk) praantamloo tama bhoomini mariyu aadhipatyaanni kolpoyaru mariyu itara deshaalalo, mukhyamgaa iraan mariyu iraaklalo saranaarthulugaa maararu. vaaru european mariyu paaschaatya deshaalalo (us, kenada, australia, newzealand, sweeden mariyu fransto sahaa, konni deshaalanu prastaavinchadaaniki) bahishkarinchabadina sanghaalanu kooda erpaatu chesaaru. assyrian kraistavulu prati raajakeeya sankshobham taruvaata dasalavaareegaa valasa vacchaaru. lakshalaadi mandhi assyrian kraistavulu nedu paschimaana bahishkarinchabadina mariyu sampannamaina samajalalo nivasistunnaaru.
paalastiinaa.
paalastiinaa nundi (nakba anie kooda pilustaaru) sumaru 711,000 nundi 725,000 varaku paalastiinaa nundi anivaarya paalastiinaa nundi nishkramana, idhi izraelga maarindi, idhi 1948 paalastiinaa yuddhaaniki daariteesina nelallo mariyu samayamlo jarigindi. arab saranaarthulaloo ekkuva mandhi gaja strip (1949 mariyu 1967 madhya eejiptu paalanalo) mariyu west byaank (1949 mariyu 1967 madhya jordanian paalanalo), jordan, siriya mariyu lebananlalo maraninchaaru.
1948 paalastiinaa yuddha samayamlo, hagana pranaalika daletnu roopondinchindi, dheenini kontamandi panditulu pradhanamgaa paalastiiniyanlanu bahishkarinchadaanni lakshyamgaa pettukunnatlu ardham chesukuntaru, conny aaa vivarana vivadaspadamga undhi. izrael vaarini undamani oppinchadaaniki prayatninchinappatikii, tama sonta ishtanusaram paaripoyina ledhaa tama thoti arabbulache vadili vellamani ottidi cheyabadina chaalaa mandhi arabbulu unnaarani ephraim karsh paerkonnaadu.
paalastiinaa nundi arabbula badilee aalochana daadaapu ardha sataabdam mundugaane pariganinchabadindi.
udaaharanaku, theoder herzl herzl thana diarylo geonist udyamam "mana desamlo etuvanti upaadhini niraakaristuu, ravana deshaalalo upaadhini pondadam dwara sarihaddu meedugaa nirupeda janabhanu chaitanyavantam cheyadaaniki prayatnistundi" anie raasaadu."herzal yokka aaa vivarana vivaadaaspadamaindi. nalabhai samvatsaraala taruvaata, taruvaata british peal commission nivedikalo pratipaadita yoodu rashtra praantam nundi arabbulanu badilee cheyadam sifaarsulalo okati, mariyu indulo paalastiinaa mydaanaala nundi tappanisari badilee kooda undhi. aaa sifaarsunu british prabhutvam modatlo vyatirekinchaledu.
british pranaalikanu geonistlu ennadoo aamodinchaledu, badilee anedi eppuduu adhikaarika geonist vidhanam kaadu, conny chaalaa mandhi senior geonistlu eee bhavananu praivetgaa samardhinchaaru.
badileepai david benn-gurian abhipraayaalanu panditulu charchinchaaru, mukhyamgaa 1937 benn-gurian lekha sandarbhamlo, conny bennie morris prakaram, benn-gurian "vaerae chota, andubaatulo laeni prakatanallo... arabbulanu ledhaa arabbulanu yoodu rajyam nundi "swachchandamgaa" ledhaa balavantamgaa "badilee cheyadam" (ledhaa bahishkarinchadam) anae aalochananu padepade aamodinchaaru."
thoorpu jerusalemloni gush etgian mariyu yoodula parisaraalu paschima oddunu jordanian swaadheenam chesukovadam dwara janabha tagginchabaddaayi. janabha izrael yokka kotta rashtram dwara grahinchabadindi; mariyu aaru rojula yuddham taruvaata aneka pradaesaalu tirigi janasaandrata pondaayi.
pertia.
kurdistaanloni ottomanlu mariyu caucasus thoo vaari sarihaddula vembadi unna janabhanu tolaginchadam safavidlaku vyuuhaatmaka praamukhyata kaligi undhi. vandala vaela mandhi courds, pedda samuuhaalaina armeniyanlu, assyrianlu, ajereelu mariyu turmenlu sarihaddu praantaala nundi balavantamgaa tolaginchabaddaaru mariyu pertia lopali bhaagamlo punaravasam pondaaru. sarihaddula meedugaa samuuhaalalooni itara sabhyulatho sambandhaanni tagginchadaaniki alaage prajala prayaanaanni parimitam cheyadaaniki idhi oka sadhanam. konni kurdish tegalu paschima kurdistaanloni vaari puurvapu gruhaalaku sumaru 1500 mailla dhooramlo unna aafghanistaanloni hinduu kush parvathaalaloni gharjistaanloki bahishkarinchabaddaayi ("courds sthaanabhramsham chudandi").
puraatana assyria.
puraatana prapanchamlo, swaadheenam chesukunna bhuubhaagamlooni purushulandarinee champadaaniki mariyu mahilalu mariyu pillalanu banisaluga cheyadaaniki janabha badilee marinta maanaveeya pratyaamnaayam. kristupurvam 13va sataabdam nundi, puraatana assyria tirugubaatlaku sikshagaa saamuuhika bahishkarananu upayoginchindi. 9va sataabdam natiki, assyrianlu kramam tappakunda vaelaadi mandhi ashanti laeni prajalanu itara deshaalaku bahishkarinchaaru. assyria balavantamgaa punaravasam pondina izrael tegalu taruvaata padhi kolpoyina tegalugaa piluvabaddayi.
bhaarata upakhandam.
rendava prapancha yuddhaaniki mundu british india swaatantrya udyamam gundaa velutunnappudu, konni muslim anukuula samsthalu (mukhyamgaa muslim leag) rendu sannihita bhuubhaagaalatoe kuudina muslim rashtraanni demand cheshai thoorpu pakistan mariyu paschima pakistan. mataparamaina margallo kotta raashtraala erpaatunu sulabhataram cheyadaaniki (prajalu ummadi charitralu mariyu bhashalanu panchukunnanduna jaathi ledhaa bhasha maargaalaku viruddhamgaa), bharatadesam mariyu pakistan madhya janabha marpidi amalu cheyabadindi. 5 millionlaku paiga hinduvulu mariyu sikkulu prastuta pakistan nundi prastuta bharatadesaniki vellaaru, adhe sankhyalo muslimlu vaerae maargamlo vellaaru. konni anchanaala prakaram pedda sankhyalo prajalu, oka million kante ekkuva mandhi, aaa himsalo maraninchaaru. paakistaanku pedda sankhyalo muslimlu taralivacchinappatiki, samaana sankhyalo muslimlu bhaaratadesamlo undataaniki enchukunnaaru. ayithe, paakistaanlooni hinduu, sikku janabhalo ekkuva mandhi taruvaati samvatsaraallo bharatadesaniki valasa vacchaaru. paakistaanku valasa vacchina muslimlu ekkuvagaa karaachilo sthirapaddaaru mariyu urdoo matlade muhajir communityga prasiddhi chendaaru.
1989 nundi 1992 varaku, hinduu kashmiri panditula janabhanu minority urdoo matlade muslimlu balavantamgaa kashmir nundi bayataku taralinchaaru. urdooni vidhinchadam valla kashmiri, dogri vanti sthaanika bhashala vadakam ksheeninchindi. phalitamgaa jarigina himsa aneka mandhi hinduvula maranaaniki, daadaapu anni hinduvula nishkramanaku daariteesindi.
1967 mariyu 1973 madhya bhaarata mahasamudra dveepamaina diago garcialo, british prabhutvam 2000 mandhi chagosian dveepavaasulanu balavantamgaa tolaginchi yuu kosam maargam sugamam chesindi.ess. saayudha dalaala sthaavaram. vaariki anukuulamgaa kortu teerpulu unnappatikee, vaaru maritious loe vaari bahishkarana nundi tirigi raavadaaniki anumatinchabadaledu, conny british prabhutvam aardhika pariharam mariyu adhikaarika kshamaapananu pariseelistunna sankethaalu unnaayi.
afghanistan.
afghanistan, abdur rahman khaan tirugubaatu ghiljoy pashtunlanu desamloni dakshina bhaagam nundi uttara bhaagaaniki taralinchaadu. adanamgaa, abdur rahman mariyu athani vaarasulu 19va mariyu 20va sataabdaala chivaralo uttara aafghanistaanlo sthirapadataaniki vividha prothsaahakaalatho pashtunlanu prothsahinchaaru.
kambodia.
khamer roose yokka modati charyalalo okati pattana janabhalo ekkuva mandini graameena praantaalloki taralinchadam. bandhuvulatho ledhaa pattana praantamloo nivasistunna 15 laksala mandhi yuddhakaala saranaarthulathoo sahaa 25 laksala mandhi janabha kaligina nome penh tvaralo daadaapu khaliga undhi. batambang, kampang chaam, seam reep, kampang thome mariyu desamloni itara pattanaalu mariyu nagarallo ilanti taralimpulu jarigaayi. khamer roose nagaralanu janabha tagginchadam dwara mariyu pattana janabhanu ("kotta prajalu") vyavasaya kamyoonlugaa marchadam dwara kambodiyanu vargarahita samajamga maarchadaaniki prayatninchindi. mottam janabha kaarmika shibiraallo raitulu kaavadaaniki balavantam cheyabaddaaru.
kakesia.
maajee soviet unionloni caucasian praantamloo, jaathi janabha badileelu armenia, nagorno-karabakh mariyu azerbaijaanlo aneka vaela mandhi vyaktulanu prabhaavitam chesaayi; abkhazia, dakshina ossetia mariyu georgialo mariyu chechnya mariyu rashyaalooni prakkane unna praantaalalo.
aafrikaalo.
ethiopia.
ethiopialo 1983-1985 karuvu sandarbhamlo vaelaadi mandhi prajalu uttara nundi dakshina ethiopiaku punaravasam pondaaru. prabhutvam icchina adhikaarika kaaranam emitante, prajalu karuvu prabhaavita uttara praantaala nundi dakshina mariyu nairuti praantaalaku taralinchabadataaru, ikkada vyavasaayayogyamaina bhoomi samruddhiga undhi. itarulu punaravasam anedi ethiopian antaryuddhamlo ashanti praantaalanu nirveeryam cheyadaaniki oka kutra anie vaadinchaaru.
dakshinaafrikaa.
dakshinaafrikaa antataa unna african prajalu 'matrubhumi' ledhaa bantustan loki vellavalasi vachindi, ivi dakshinaafrikaa yokka tellajati jaateeya party paripalana dakshinaafrikaa mariyu nairuti africa (ippudu namibia) nallajati nivaasula kosam daani varnavivaksha vidhaanamlo bhaagamgaa ketaayinchina bhuubhaagaalu.

