
zaan breeden

rev. zaan breeden (9 mae 1872-1942) madrasu presidencylo oka aangla weslian methodist missionary society missionary. athanu vidyavetta mariyu kodaikenaalloni eurasianlu ledhaa aanglo-bhaaratheeyula parityakta mariyu anagaarina pillala kosam anaathaalayam-cuum-paatasaala ayina seyint georg housela vyavasthaapakudu, taruvaata dheenini neelagirilooni ketti anae laelaa memorial schoolga paeru marcharu.
jeevita charitra.
breeden 1872 mae 9naa seyint loe fredrick breeden mariyu jaine breeden dampatulaku janminchaadu. inglaandlooni surrelo raksakudu. athanu thana koumaaradasanu thana kutumbamtho kalisi landanlooni newingtonlo gadipadu mariyu thana praathamika vidyanu seyint johns, inner londonlo puurti chesaadu. methodist udyamam vyavasthaapakudu zaan wesley bodhanalache prabhaavitamaina ayana thana prarambha jeevitam nundi, birminghamloni handsworth kalasalalo chaeri, vesleyan methodist mantrigaa ordination kosam chaduvukunnaru. handsworth kalasalalo chaduvutunnappudu, athanu madrasu nundi vishraanti selavulo unna james coolingnu kalusukunnadu mariyu methodist circuitlo vaktagaa unnadu; james 1915loe madraslo maraninche varaku breedenku guruvugaa konasagaru.
1888loe ayana mantritva saakhaloki pravesinchi, bhaaratadesamlo panichesina missionaryla maargadarsakatvamlo londonlo tamila bhashanu neerchukunnaaru. weslian methodist missionary society (wmms) thoo madrasu presidencylo missionaryga seva kosam swachchandamgaa munduku vacchina ayana 1898 september 30naa bharatadesaniki prayaaninchaaru. madrasu cherukunna taruvaata, athanu chennailooni georg town anie kooda piluvabade block townlooni wesley charchilo mantrigaa panicheesaaru, akkada ayana "kshamincharaani paapam" anae upanyasanni bodhinchaaru. 1899loe, athanu videshee missionlaloo probationerga panicheesaadu, peramboorloni weslian methodist charchilo jananaalu, maranaalu mariyu vivahala recording mariyu adhikaaramlo churukuga unnadu. 1901loe, athanu frances cauxnu vivaham chesukunnadu mariyu 1898 mariyu 1911 madhya madras inglish circuit anie piluvabade WMMS yokka aangla kaalaneelalo madraasalo panicheesaadu. eee samayamlo, athanu egmorelo egmore charchi anie piluvabade kotta charchini nirminchadaaniki dabbunu sekarinchadamlo palgonnadu, prastuta wesley charchi, chennai; dheeni kosam, athanu european mariyu eurasian kutumbaala (ledhaa aanglo-indian), british raaj prabhutva sevakula illanu, mariyu madrasaku sandarsakulanu sandarsinchaadu-kraistava mariyu kraistavetara rendintinee samanamga. 1905 fibravari 11naa egmore charchini athani guruvu james cooling adhikarikamga praarambhinchaaru; breedennu cooling dwara daani modati mantrigaa niyaminchaaru.
inglandlo thana selavula samayamlo, athanu 1907loe richmond theological collegelo missionary lecturerga panicheesaadu. athanu ingland nundi madraasaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, thana samayanni ekkuva bhaagam european, eurasianlu ledhaa aanglo-indian muulaaniki chendina anaathala vidya kosam ankitam chesaadu, endukante athani mantritva saakha madraaslooni inglish circuit, antey athani manda british raaj sainikulu, poura sevakulu mariyu eurasian janabha kutumbaalu; eee samayamlo, athanu seyint. georg yokka nivaasaalu oka anaathaasramamgaa unnaayi, modata kodaikenal vadda, taruvaata neelagiris-seyint looni kettiki marai. georg illaku taruvaata laelaa memorial school anie paeru pettaru.
iravai moodu samvatsaraala missionary seva tarvaata anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa 1921loe ayana inglaandku tirigi vacchaaru. 1937loe ayana "athanu akkada badhapaddadu" anae ecumenical pustakaanni prachurinchaaru. rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo, athanu seyint nundi panini konasaginchadu. london bambu daadi kaaranamgaa sthaanabhramsham chendina vaariki upasamanam kaliginchadaaniki upayoginchina westminsterlo unna stephen house. 70 samvatsaraala vayassulo, athanu united kingdamloni west midlandsloni meriden jillaalo maraninchaadu.
St. georg yokka illu.
madraaslooni weslian mission yokka aangla circuitlo mantrigaa, athanu aanglo-indian samaajamlooni bahishkarinchabadina mariyu nirlakshyam cheyabadina sabhyulanu marinta anubandhinchaadu mariyu gamaninchaadu-aaa samayamlo, valasarajyala british raajlooni european paatasaalalu "european alavaatlu ledhaa jeevana vidhaanaalanu" konasaaginchina swachchamaina mariyu mishrama-jaathi europeanlaku sevalu andinchaayi. aangla-bhaaratheeyulanu merugaina paatasaalallo aamodinchaledu, mariyu sthaanika bhaaratheeyulanu puurtigaa nishedhinchaaru-british tallidandrulu tama pillalu mishrama-jaathi vidyaarthulatho bhujaalapai ruddadaanni tarachugaa vyatiraekimchaaru; tadanugunamgaa, athanu vaari vidyanu mariyu vasatini madraslo thana missionary paniloo kendra binduvugaa chesaadu. 1910loe, zhe. eurasianlu anie kooda piluvabade aanglo-indian communityloni anaathalu mariyu niraasrayulaina pillala kosam oka nivasanni sthaapinchaalani modata aalochinchaaru-vivaham nundi janminchina akrama mariyu mishrama sambandhaala avaanchita pillalu-eee santaanam europeanla (ekkuvagaa inglish, americanlu mariyu europeanlu) anadhikaarika unionlaku chendinavaaru.
british eest india company, aseanlu ledhaa sthaanika bhaarateeyulatoo sainikulu mariyu poura sevakulu-eee pillalaku saadhaaranamgaa vaari janmadesamto etuvanti gurtimpu ledhu-1879loe nirvahinchina oka adhyayanamlo, swachchamaina european santati minaha, bengaalloni chaalaa mandhi aanglo-indiyanlu, mukhyamgaa kalakatta mariyu madrasu murikivaadallo nivasistunna aanglo-indiyanlu adhikaarika vidyanu pondaledani kanugonnaru.
1910 octoberulo, ayana madrasu missionary samavesamlo prasanginchaaru, akkada ayana seyint missionary council sthaapana kosam thana modati vignapti chesaaru. georg yokka gruhalu paedha mariyu nirupeda pillala dusthitini teliyajestaayi. eee samavesamlo, nirlakshyam cheyabadina eurasianlaku british raaj prabhutva vidhanam mariyu european janabha rendinti nundi vacchina nirlakshyam mariyu pakshapaataanni adhigaminchi vaari european mariyu bharatiya muulaalatoe chikkukunna vruddhi nundi bayatapadataaniki avakaasam ivvaalani ayana pratipaadinchaaru. athanu seyint namuunaanu anusarinchi maddatu kosam vaadinchaadu. andrew yokka valasa gruhalu (taruvaata daa. graham yokka gruhalu), oka anaathaashrama-mariyu-paatasaala, dheenini scottish missionary ayina zaan anderson graham kalimpang vadda sthaapinchaaru. aanglo-indian samajam kevalam bhikshapaine nilabadadani, conny prabhutva maddatu kosam kooda abhyardhinchaadani ayana kamitee mundu unchaaru; tatphalitamgaa, breeden daani kaaryadarsigaa mariyu athani guruvu james cooling chairmanga oka kamiteeni erpaatu chesaaru-james cooling aaa samayamlo wmms madras jillaaku chairmanga mariyu royapettaloni "wesley haiskool" principal kooda. eee amsampai ayana aalochanalu 1910 navambarulo "panta polamlo" prachurinchabaddaayi. kevalam missionary samasyalanu paryaveekshinchadam mariyu vividha samajalalo sahavasanni vyaapti cheyadam wmm paatra kaavadamtho, kamitee teermaanam doubluememlaku samarpinchinappudu kotta panini praarambhinchae adhikaram tamaku ledani samstha perkondi; tatphalitamgaa, missionary samavesam daani teermaanam sakaram kosam panicheyadaaniki pratyeka samsthanu erpaatu cheyaalani nirnayinchindi. anduvalla, St. 1910loe erpadina georges homes society, vaastavaaniki zaan breeden yokka nijaayitiitoo chesina prayatnaalatoe gruhaala sthaapanaku punaadigaa maarindi. modati kamiteeki, appati madrasu governor orther laalii kodaikenaallo 1000 ekaraala bhoomini manjuru chestaanani vaagdaanam chestu gruhaala adhyakshudiga undataaniki angeekarinchaaru.
1911loe, zaan anderson graham madrasanu sandarsinchi, appati madrasu governor orther laaleetho sahaa, kamitee adhyakshuditho sahaa chaalaa mandini prabhaavitam chesina kalimpang gruhaalalo thana pani gurinchi matladadu. St. taruvaata kodaikenaallo nirminchaboye georg gruhalu kalimpang gruhaala maadirigaane undevi. kamitee thana modati samavesamlo kodaikanal loe european mariyu eurasian anaathala kosam oka samsthanu sthaapinchaalani nirnayinchindi. kaalimpaangloni graham illu. eee samavesamlo, zaan breedennu grate britainlo panicheyadaaniki pampaalani nirnayinchaaru, seyint britanku avasaramaina nidhulanu sekarinchadaaniki "european mariyu eurasian education fund" kosam nidhulanu abhyardhinchaaru. georg yokka illu. St kosam nidhula sekaranalo bhaagamgaa. aanglo-bhaaratheeyula kosam georg yokka gruhalu mariyu itara vidya samsthalu, "european mariyu eurasian education fund" daani swantha jaateeya mandalitho janavari 1911loe erpadindi. dheeni lakshyam inglaandku oka pratinidhi brundaanni pampadam mariyu anaathala paerutoe nidhulanu koradam.
1911 eprillo, doubleu netrutvamloni akhila bhaarata kendra kamitee pratinidhi brundam.hetch. roman kaathalikkulu minaha british raaj looni anni kraistava samaajaalaku praatinidhyam vahistunna laa martineer, kalakatta principal mariyu kalakatta vishwavidyaalayam yokka pheloga unna orden-wood, vaari vidyaku sambandhinchi nivaasita aanglo-indian samaajaala dusthitini chithreekarinchadaaniki mariyu nidhulanu sekarinchadaaniki ingland vellaaru. inglaandnu sandarsinchina aiduguru pratinidhulalo zaan breeden okaru.
mae 1911loe, breeden daani nirvaahaka kaaryadarsigaa "european mariyu eurasian education fund" kosam viraalaala dwara nidhula sekarana prayatnaalalo bhaagamgaa, vaaru times (londonlo) vanti pradhana patrikalalo tama vignaptulanu prachurinchaaru. nidhula sekarana kosam vaadinchadamlo pramukhudaina breeden, pillala kosam ankitam chesina nelawari patrika "dhi chiled" loe oka vignapti raasaaru. 
sankshemam, aktobaru 1912 loe ilah
zaan breeden sabhyudiga unna nidhula sekarana pratinidhi brundam mariyu akhila bhaarata kendra kamiteeni buckingham pales gurtinchindi mariyu nidhula sekarana prayatnaalu december 1913 varaku konasagayi. 1913loe, capell volseleetho kalisi breeden united kingdamloni madhya counteelalo nidhulanu koradaniki lancashire kamiteeni sthaapinchaaru. chivaraku 1913loe madraasaku tirigi vacchina breeden, seyint. georg yokka illu. gruhaala kosam prarambha bhavanala kosam daadaapu 7,000 british poundlanu sekarinchadamlo breeden vijayam saadhinchaadu. 1914 fibravari natiki, 10,000 british poundlu penchabaddaayi.
St. georg gruhalu 1914 fibravarilo "1860 chattam xi" kinda namodu cheyabaddaayi. british raaj prabhutvam kodaikenaalloni palney kondalaloni gruhaala kosam 600 ekaraala bhoomini ketaayinchindi. appati madrasu governor ayina zaan synclire, seyint yokka modati adhyakshudiga. 1914 fibravari 17naa georg illu aaa pradaesamloe modati gruhaala sthalamgaa marai. modati upaadhyakshudu madrasu bishop, mariyu zaan breeden daani modati kaaryadarsigaa mariyu seyint principalga niyaminchabaddaaru. georg yokka illu. poura sevakudu ayina harrold stewart, gruhaala mandaliki modati chairmanga ennikayyaaru. 1914 maeloe, modati iddaru anatha pillalanu adde kuteeramlo chaerchaaru, idhi gruhaala kosam kotta paatasaala karyakalapalanu praarambhinchadaaniki daariteesindi. 1914 navambarulo, baalikalu mariyu pillala vasati kosam adanapu kuteeraalu addeku ivvabaddaayi. 25 november 1914naa, ingland nundi modati paatasaala upadhyayudu aaa illalo cheraadu. praarambhamaina modati samvatsaramlo, eee paatasaala eduguru pillalatho sahaa iravai okka baluru mariyu pannendu mandhi baalikalaku perigindi. 1922loe, seyint. 1921loe zaan breeden anaaroogyam kaaranamgaa inglaandku vellipoyina taruvaata georg nivaasaalanu kodaikenal nundi tamilanaduloni neelagiri jillaalooni kettiki marcharu, idhi aayananu padavee viramana cheyavalasi vachindi.
vimarsha.
zii. eff. appati madrasu collector ayina padison, seyint modati samvatsaram sandarbhamgaa matladutu. georg yokka gruhalu zaan breedennu "goppa bicchagaadu" gaa abhivarninchaayi."1915 juun 8naa madrasu mail loe nivedinchinatlugaa ayana ilaa kooda annaru
athanu seyint tarapuna zaan breeden yokka panini polchadu. georg yokka gruhalu mariyu "european education fund" atanni "madrasu presidencylo uttama bicchagaadu" gaa gurtinchadaaniki arhata saadhinchaayi."inca jodinchandi, athanu kooda cheppadu... eee prakruti yokka apoha anedi pavitramaina kaaranaaniki vartinche pavitra bahumati... seyint georges gruhalu vistarinchadam mariyu vijayavantam kavadam chustundi..."

