
St. andrew yokka siluva (philati)

philaatleelo, oka St. andrus cross anedi konni tapala patraala vastuvulapai, konni stampulu, sensor lebullu mariyu rendava prapancha yuddhamlo jaarii chesina konni british dalaala air letter sheetlapai kanipinche saltire (oka heraldic saadhaarana) ledhaa cross ex design.
stampulu.
modati St. andrew siluvalu juun 1,1850 nundi vienna state printing works mudrinchina modati austrian stamp issuelo kanipistaayi. avi prajalaku vikrayinchina prati sheet meeda chivari naalugu stamp sthaanaala sthaanamlo kanipinche rangu siluvalu. chivari naalugu lebullanu khaliga unchadam samasyanu srushtinchindi; nakilee stampulanu tayaaru cheyadaaniki nakilee lebullanu upayoginchavacchu. aaa kaaranamgaa, St nii mudrinchadam dwara vaatini upayoginchalenivigaa cheyaalani nirnayinchaaru. andrew yokka cross design. 
siluvalu vaati sambandhita stampula maadirigaane untaayi mariyu rendu ververu rakaluga untaayi. avi telupu nepathyamlo ledhaa maroe vidhamgaa rangulo untaayi. avi ellappuduu sheet yokka chivari varusalo kanipistaayi mariyu madhyalo ledhaa edama ledhaa kudi anchuna unchavacchu. 
aaa samayamlo, mudrinchina stampula sheetlo naalugu "paenlu" ledhaa "counter sheetlu" undevi, okkokkati enimidi varusalu mariyu niluvu varusalatho, okko paenku 64 clitchylu undevi. aneka sheetlanu konugolu chesinappudu (udaaharanaku, vyaparalu) asamaana chellimpu undakudadani mukhyamainadigaa pariganinchabadindi. prastutam unna austria currency florin, okkokkati 60 cruitzer viluva kaligi undhi. aaa kaaranamgaa, oka sheet yokka chivari naalugu vibhaagaalanu khaliga unche aalochana pariganinchabadindi. udaaharanaku, edu 6-cruitzer sheetlanu konugolu chesetappudu, dhara 44 florinlu mariyu 48 cruitzerlaku badulugaa 42 florinlu. 1858loe kotta karenseeni pravesapettadamto (100 cretzers = 1 florin), seyint. andrew siluva ika avasaram ledhu mariyu daani upayogam nilipiveyabadindi.
seyint. 1917 sanchikalo 13 varusalu mariyu enimidi niluvu varusalatho kuudina "pratyeka handling stampulu" samayamlo andrew siluvalu mallee kontakaalam upayoginchabaddaayi, tadwara 104 pratyeka handling stampulu oka paenpai undevi. diguva varusalooni madhya naalugu stampulanu St dwara bharti chesaaru. andrew yokka siluvalu. eee sheetla jaarii mariyu mudrananu St. andrew siluvalu modata pranaalika cheyabadaledu, conny tribhujaakaara puurveekula prajala asammati kaaranamgaa, eee stamp jaarii kosam kshitija samaantara aakrutiki maarchaalani nirnayinchaaru.
St. andrew siluvalu nedu collectorlalo baga prachuryam pondaayi. ayithe, konni St. andrew siluvalu prakkane unna stampuku jodinchina modati sanchika nundi manugada saaginchaayi. aaa samayamlo avi chaalaa arudugaa gurtinchabaddaayi mariyu daadaapu ellappuduu chirigipotayi ledhaa mukkalu cheyabadataayi. kondaru St. andrew yokka cross labels aksharaalanu muusivaeyadaaniki upayoginchabaddaayi endukante avi gumm cheyabaddaayi, kabatti ippatikee naalugu mukkalu ledhaa strips unnaayi. endukante aaa samayamlo philatly marinta vistrutamgaa undedi. andrew siluvalu 1916 sanchika nundi unnaayi.
sensor labels.
bermuda seyint looni imperial postal sensor stationlo. andreau siluvalanu saadhaaranamgaa crayon, erupu, neelam ledhaa nalupu rangulalo, meyilnu seal cheyadaaniki upayoginche resealing labels ledhaa tepulanu dac, deputy assistant sensor ledhaa moolyaankanam kosam maroka vibhaagaaniki suuchimchadaaniki sensor cheyadaaniki vartimpajeyabadevi. label mundu bhaagamlo matrame kanipinche siluva kaaranamgaa sensor lebullu kavarku antukunna tarvaata konni siluvalanu vartimpajesaaru. ivi, St. bermudalo nirbandhinchi, 1945 chivarilo mariyu 1946loe yuddham taruvaata vidudala cheyabadina ledhaa vikrayinchabadina bahumati kortu mail loe kooda andrew yokka cross sensor labels namodu cheyabaddaayi.
oka imperial sensor label, p.c90, sensor gurtimpu sankhya 1000 thoo, sikshana prayojanaala kosam upayoginchina sensor label eguvana "paatasaala upayogam matrame" anae padaalatoe vastundi. ayithe, upayogam yokka sthaanam aspashtamgaa undhi mariyu idhi yuke, gibraulter ledhaa bermudalo undavacchu.
air letter.
ippudu saadhaaranamgaa aerogram anie piluvabade "forces letter card" anae paerutoe postal stationary airmail letter sheet, rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo british sainika dalaala kosam andubaatulo unchabadindi mariyu konnintiki pedda stand jaarii cheyabaddaayi. gaali aksharam mundu bhaagamlo andrew yokka siluva mudrinchabadindi.