
manya shochat

manya shochat (1880-1961) oka russian-yoodu raajakeeyavetta mariyu paalastiinaaloo saamuuhika sthaavaraaniki "talli", kibbutz udyamaaniki puurvagaami.
jeevita charitra.
manya wilbussuich (unmaadam, wilbuszevicz/wilbussuevitz; taruvaata shochat) russian saamrajyam (prastuta bellarus) looni grodno governoratelo sampanna yoodu tallidandrulaku janminchaadu mariyu λοσνα sameepamloni kutumba estatelo perigaadu. aame oka yoodu mahilanu vivaham chesukunna taruvaata yoodula matamloki maarina nepolian sainyamlooni adhikari comte vibois santatiki chendinadi. aame sodarulalo okaraina isak russialo vyavasayam abhyasinchaadu. yoodulu ukreyinloni raitula raktaanni peelchukuntunnaarani oka upanyaasam samayamlo perkonna professornu chempadebba kottinanduku atanni bahishkarinchaaru. 1882 chivaralo ayana paalastiinaaku velli bilu udyamamlo cheraaru. ayana intiki raasina lekhalu yuva manyalapai balamaina prabhavam chupayi. aame sodarulalo marokaru, gedalia anae injanir kooda 1892loe paalastiinaa velli thana tammulla vidyaku nidhulu samakuurchaaru.
yuvakudigaa, manya kaarmika varga paristhitula gurinchi telusukovadaaniki minskloni thana sodarudi karmagaramlo pani cheyadaaniki vellindi. 1899loe, aame khaidu cheyabadindi mariyu bund viplavakaarulato aame parichayala gurinchi sudeergha vichaaranaku guraindi. jailulo unnappudu aame agent rechchagottevaadu mariyu mascoloni jarrist rahasya pooliisu adhipati ayina sergi jubatovto premalo padindi. jubatav anekula saiddhaantika bhavanalaku saripoye oka pranaalikanu roopondinchaadu, dheeni dwara kaarmikulu prabhutvaanni padagottadaaniki badulu samskaranala kosam panichese "longadeesukoovadaaniki" samsthalanu erpaatu chestaaru. idhi yoodula hakkulanu saadhinchadaaniki kooda sahaayapadutundani aamenu oppinchaaru. 1901loe yoodula swatantra kaarmika paarteeni sthaapinchadaaniki manya munduku sagaru. rahasya pooliisulu maddatu icchinanduna party sammelaku naayakatvam vahinchadamlo vijayavantamaindi, conny bund mariyu itara yoodula saamyavaada samuuhaalachae dveshinchabadindi. party kuppakoolindi mariyu kishinev maranahomam taruvaata 1903loe daani sabhyulu chuttumuttaru. aame cheppinatlugaa, thana raajakeeya samstha vaiphalyam mariyu thana snehitulanu arrestu chesina taruvaata 'teevramaina bhavodvega baadha' nuu anubhavistuu, aame aatmahatya chesukovalani bhaavinchindi. shabtai tewet prakaram, athanu rahasya pooliisu sabhyudani bhaavinchi odesalo thana sthaavaraaniki phone chesina intintikee ammakandaaruni aame champindi. aame mrutadehaanni mukkalu chesi, avasheshaalanu russian saamraajyamloni naalugu ververu pradaesaalaku pampindi. hyphaloni shemen sabbu karmagaram vyavasthaapakudu ayina thana sodarudu nachum nundi paalastiinaalooni konni adavi pradaesaalaku parisoedhana yaatralo athanitho paatu vellamani ahvaanaanni aame angeekarinchindi. aame 1904 janavari 2naa akkadiki cherukundi.
"naa jeevitamlo neenu yea disalo vellaalo naaku ardham kaaledu. neenu naa sodarudi dandayaatralo chaeradaaniki angeekarinchaanu, endukante, nijaaniki, neenu pratidee patla udasinatato unnaanu. naaku idhi maroe sahasam matrame."
"aaa haura vimochanakarta lekunda undipoyindi-naa aatma eee pradaesaaniki atukkupoyindi."
manya aaa bhoomi yokka andamtho premalo paddadu mariyu mukhyamgaa houraanlooni yoodula sthaavaram yokka dusthitini taakindi. baaran edmond dii rothschild eee praantamloo bhoomini konugolu chesaadu, conny ottoman prabhutvam yoodulanu akkada sthirapadataaniki anumatinchakudadani nirdesinchindi. eee nirnayaanni vismarinchina oka chinna samuuham bahishkarinchabadindi, kabatti baaran bhoomini arab felaheen kuu leejuku ivvadaaniki prayatninchaadu. baaran yokka anni kaalaneelanu sandarsinchi, vaaru enduku aardhika ibbandullo unnaro swayamgaa chudalani manya nirnayinchukundi. aame yehoshuva mariyu olgaa hankin latho parichayam erpadindi mariyu chaalaa aakattukundi. aame undaalane nirnayam chaalaa varaku vaari prabhavam kaaranamgaa undhi.
kutumbam.
1908 maeloe, thana kante 9 samvatsaraalu chinnavaadaina izrael shochatnu manya vivaham chesukundi. aametho kalisi iddaru pillalu unnaru gideon (gedaa) mariyu anaa. gideon shochat rendava prapancha yuddha samayamlo british raayal air fores (raaf) loe oka pilate, taruvaata kalnal hodaaku edigi, izrael vaimanika dalam yokka vyavasthaapaka pailatlalo okadu ayyadu. athanu 1967loe aatmahatya chesukunnadu. 1971loe, athani kumarte alona prasiddha izrael nati aarik insteinnu vivaham chesukundi. veeriki iddaru kumartelu kaligaaru. taruvaata vaaru vidaakulu teesukunnaru, kumartelu tama thallithone undipoyaaru. taruvaata vaaru sanaatana yoodulu ayyaru, kumartelu yoori johar kumaarulanu vivaham chesukunnaru. johar insteinku manchi snehitudu mariyu sanaatana samaajamlo pramukha vyaktulalo okadu ayyadu.
paalastiinaa loe.
aame modati sandarsana phalitamgaa, manya orther rappin yokka sandarsananu oohinchina oka nirnayaaniki cherukundi. yoodu yajamaanulu arab kaarmikulanu niyaminchi, aardhika paryaveekshakulaku lobadi unde baaran rothschild anukuulamaina thotala sthaavaram yokka namuunaa yoodu jaateeya jeevitaaniki eppatikee aadharam kaadani aame ardham chesukundi. idhi aardhika ibbandulaku, asantruptiki daariteesindi. saamuuhika vyavasaya sthaavaraalu matrame yoodula maatrubhoomini nirminchadaaniki aadharam ayye yoodula kaarmikulanu, raitulanu utpatti cheyagalavani aame teelchindi. aame modati praadhaanyata houranlo samasyaku parishkaranni kanugonadam.
thana aalochanala saadhyatanu parisoedhinchadaaniki, aapai vaatini maddatu ivvamani baarannu oppinchadaaniki, thana sodarulalo okaru vyavasaya patrikaku sampaadakudigaa unna paarisku bayaludaeraaru. 1905loe, russia saamrajyaanni taja maranahomam alalu munchettaayi. minsk nundi vacchina meer kohen anae paatha snehitudu, tamanu taamu rakshinchukovadaaniki aayudhalanu konugolu cheyadaaniki yoodu samajam sahayam koorutuu paarisku vacchaadu. manya hauran prajectunu pakkana petti, badulugaa nidhula sekarana disagaa thana prayatnaalanu pettindi. aaa disagaa 50,000 bangaaru fraanklanu viraalamgaa ivvamani aame rothschildnu oppinchindi.
tupaakulu mariyu mandugundu saamagrini lease loe konugolu chesi rashyaaloki akramamga ravana chesaaru. tudi saruku pampinhee cheyadaaniki, anekulu frankfurt nundi yuva rabbaneetga maaruveshamlo enimidi grandhaalanu teesukuvacchaaru, idhi ukrain yokka yeshivotku bahumati. tupaakulu vijayavantamgaa yoodulaku bhoogarbhamlo pampinhee cheyabaddaayi. okkati kooda kolpoledu.
thana hauran pranaalikanu marinta munduku teesukelladaaniki 1906loe manya paalastiinaaku tirigi vachindi. aaa samvatsaram chivarilo, aame daani kosam nidhulu sekarinchadaaniki mariyu russian yoodula kosam aayudhalanu sekarinchadaaniki united states vellindi. americalo unnappudu aame juda magnessnu kalusukunnaru, mariyu vaaru deerghakaalika snehaanni yerparachukunnaru.saadhaaranamgaa saamuuhika sthaavaraala aalochanaku, mukhyamgaa hauran pathakaaniki etuvanti maddatu labhinchaledu. idhi pani cheyagaladani prajalanu oppinchadaaniki ekaika maargam daanini aacharanalo pettadame anie aame grahinchindi, kabatti aame 1907loe paalastiinaaku tirigi vachindi. chaalaa thana aalochananu "poley tzion" mariyu "hapol hutzire" sabhyulatho panchukundi. sejeraalo oka samvatsaram paatu viphalamaina vyavasaya prayogampai vaariki naayakatvam vahinchamani hankin eliahu kraajnu oppinchaadu. sejaaraalo sikshanaa kshetraanni sthaapinche baadhyata kaligina nirvahakudiga manya niyaminchabaddaadu. izrael shochat mariyu yitzac benn-jvi sthaapinchina kottagaa erpadina bhoogarbha sainyam baar giora eee polaanni kavarga upayoginchindi. marusati samvatsaram baar giora tananu taanu hashomerga tirigi kanugonnadu. gatamlo sthaanika kaapalaadaarulanu upayogistunna yoodula sthaavaraalanu kapade baadhyatanu chepattadam dheeni lakshyam.
aame 1908 maeloe izrael shochatnu vivaham chesukundi. 
1914 navambarulo aamenu arrestu chesi, vichaarana kosam damascusku pampaaru, aaa taruvaata aame bhartatho kalisi turkeylooni bursaku bahishkarinchaaru. vaaru stockhole jarigina pole tzion samavesaniki haajaraina taruvaata 1919loe paas ovar samayamlo tirigi vacchaaru.
1921loe arab gumpulu jaafaalo yoodulapai daadi cheyadamtho allarlu chelareginappudu aame tell aviv loe undhi. itara hashomer sabhyulatho paatu, aame poraatamlo paalgondi. chaalaa pramaadakaramaina paristhitiloo, aame redd cross narsugaa maaruveshamlo, parinaamaalapai nigha unchadaaniki tirugutuu untundi. peta-tikwa rakshakula kosam grenadelalo akramamga ravana cheyadaaniki prayatninchinappudu russialo aame anubhavam upayogapadindi. aame vaatini kuuragaayalu mariyu gudla buttala madhya dachipettindi. vaaru prayaanistunna kaaru pattanam velupala chikkukupoyindi. bhaarata aswikadalam yokka gastee brundam sameepinchindi. vaari paatra aayudhaala kosam prayaanikulandarinii vetakadam. goppa manassu unnanduna, anekulu vipattunu nivaarinchaaru. kaarunu burada nundi rakshinchadaaniki sahayam cheyamani vaarini vaedukuntuu aame petrolling varaku parigettindi. vaaru daanini bayataku teestunnappudu, gudlu virigipovadam tanaku ishtam ledani cheppi buttalanu chusindi. vaaru pattanamloki pravesinche varaku aswikadalam oka escartnu kooda andinchindi. 
allarlu mugisina taruvaata, rakshana prayatnaala kosam nidhulanu sekarinchadaaniki aame united states vellaaru. aame mariyu pinhas rutenberg madhya varusa abhipraya bhedaala kaaranamgaa, nidhula badilee stambhimpajeyabadindi mariyu iddaroo samvatsaraalu matladaledu. ayithe, aame viyannaalo vechi unna thana bhartaku aneka vaela dollarlanu pampagaligindi, idhi hagana kosam aayudhaala konugolu kosam ketayinchabadindi. izrael shochat paalastiinaaku aayudhaala sekarana mariyu ravaanaanu paryaveekshinchindi.
1920loe hashomer raddu taruvaata, manya mariyu itara anubhavagnulu tamanu taamu circle anie piliche kotta rahasya samsthanu sthaapinchaaru. vaari sthaavaraalalo okati khafar giladi vadda undhi mariyu vaari modati charya, mae 1923, allarla samayamlo jaafaalo senior pooliisu adhikari taufiq bay hatya.
1924loe jacob dii hohn hatyaku sambandhinchi arrestu chesina vaarilo aame kooda unnaaru. jerusalemloni hagana hatyaku aadesinchinatlu telisinappudu benn gurian thana rakshanaku raavadamlo viphalamainanduku aame benn guriantho sambandhaalanu tenchukundi.
1925loe aame palestinelo dvi-jaateeya rajyaanni samardhinchina yoodula samuuham britt shalomlo cherindi.
manya mariyu izrael shochat gdud havoda (litt.: "work betalian") mariyu rahasya valasalu, alaage aayudhaala akrama ravana. 1930loe arab-yoodula sneham kosam leag sthaapakullo manya shochat okaru. 1948loe aame mapam paarteelo cheraaru.
saahitya mariyu saamskrutika suuchanalu.
unmaada shochat jeevitam izrael rachayita dwora omar raasina oka navala yokka amsam. amos geetay yokka 2003 chitram berlin-jerusalemlo manya shochat pradhana paatra. eee chitramlo aame paatra paeru tania shohat.