
valkatunha-gammon shrenula jaateeya udyaanavanam

valkatunha-gammon shrenula jaateeya udyaanavanam dakshina australialoni flinders shrenulalo, arkarula rakshana praantaaniki nairuti disalo mariyu prakkane unna rakshita praantam. avi dakshina australialoni atyanta kathinamaina mariyu adbhutamaina deshaalanu kaligi unnaayi.
bhougolikam.
madhya shrenulu migilina flinderla kante bhinnamaina sthalaakruthi swabhaavaanni kaligi untaayi, ivi sumaruga chadunaina poralu kaligi untaayi, idhi oka ettaina peethabhoomini srushtistundi, dheenilo dakshinaana muduchukunna mariyu muduchukunna poralaku badulugaa adbhutamaina loyalu kattirinchabaddaayi, idhi vilpena pound yokka sarvavyaapta custalaku daariteestundi. gaamanlalo nairutilo "peethabhoomi" aadhipatyam kaligi undhi, idhi neelirangu shreniki aanukuni mariyu adhe ettulo undhi, idhi marinta eshaanyamlo, vilpenaaku uttaraana unna flinderlalo ettaina binduvu ayina benboniyat konda (1064 mea) loe mugustundi. ekkuvagaa chadunaina shreni mariyu peethabhoomipai unna itara sikharaalalo enugu konda (prakkane unna uttara dantaalu mariyu dakshina dantaalatoe), mount change veedar, naalugu gaalula konda mariyu proo point unnaayi. peethabhoomi yokka eee "gundrani kondala" gurinchi, warren bonithan ilaa vraasaadu, "vaati anchuna sikharaaniki sameepamlo sunnitamaina vaalu kramamga nitaruga maari, aapai natakeeyamgaa oka raathi-chellacheduruga unna creak bedd loki padipoye avakshaepamgaa maarutundi, bahusha veyyi adugula diguvana"
eee shrenula yokka konni lakshanaalu neelam shreniki aagneya bhaagamlo kattirinchina lothaina loyalu buneep agaadham, terruslu mariyu fern ghaasam annee tarachugaa bush vaakarlu sandarsinche praantaalu. moodu vaipula chuttumuttina parvataala kante takkuvagaa unnappatikee, naatakeeya cheelika sikharaanni kooda tarachugaa sandarsistaaru, idhi rendu sikharaalugaa veruchese adbhutamaina cheelikaku paeru pettabadindi, mariyu sikharaaniki rock climbing avakaasaalanu andistundi, tarachugaa avasaram ledhu.
adhika madhya shreni mariyu peethabhoomi chuttoo aneka chinna bayati shrenulu unnaayi, ivi chuttumutte "poundla" takkuva kondalanu srushtistaayih balkanuna shreni thoorpuna illinavortina poundnu chuttumudutundi, pradhana neeti pound uttaraana, yankaninna shrenitho chuttabadi untundi mariyu paschimaana arkuna pound untundi. gamanla anchuna aneka pradhana parvataalu kooda unnaayi, veetilo rendu vaastavaaniki pradhana shreniki ettainavi uttaraana gammon konda (1012 mea), pradhana neeru mariyu arkoona poundlanu chustundi, mariyu mount mckinley (1050 mea) dakshinaana aadhipatyam chelaayistundi.
charitra.
sthaanika aadimavaasulu adnyamatanhulu. prastuta taram ekkuvagaa poruguna unna mount serley station mariyu nepabunna mariyu nantavarina vadda aadima bhoomulalo nivasistunnaaru. eee jaateeya udyaanavanam sahakaara vyavastha kinda nirvahinchabadutundi, indulo adnyamathanha prajalu panicheestaaru. jaateeya udyaanavanamlo kooda cherchabadina eee shreni anchu nundi sarassu teeram varaku 40 kilometres vistiirnamloo unna vistruta bhuubhaagam undhi, eee praantaanni sthaanika aadima prajalu kangaaruulu mariyu emuulanu vetaadataaniki upayogistaaru. aasaktikaramgaa, jaateeya udyaanavanamtho maining vivaadaalaku sambandhinchi (krinda chudandi), jaateeya udyaanavanamlooni eee praantam moomba adelide pipeline vyavastha gyaas pipeline dwara prayaanistundi.
eee shrenulanu chusina modati european bahusha 1840loe flinders shrenula paschima vaipu thana dandayaatralo edward ire ayi undavacchu. uttaraana marganni addukunnatlu bhaavinchina uppu sarassula gundaa oka marganni kanugonadaaniki prayatnistuu, athanu mount serlenu adhirohinchaadu; thana prachurinchina yaatra patrikalo, "eshaanyamlo, maa mundu unna ettaina shreni aaa drushyaanni addukundi" anie raasaadu. eee ettaina shreni gamanla dakshina mariyu paschima ettulu.
eee praantaaniki cherukunna tadupari anveshakudu surveyor general edward charless fram, moodu samvatsaraala taruvaata flinderla thoorpu vaipu thana rendava dandayaatralo unnaaru. thoorpuku thana marganni sarassu addukunnatlu kanugonna taruvaata, athanu chudagalige shrenulalo ettaina pradaesaaniki vellaadu, idhi ire yokka mount serley anie athanu bhavinchaduh ayithe, athani chitraalu daanini mount mckinley anie chuuputaayi (padihenu samvatsaraala taruvaata zaan mckinley paeru pettabadindi, 1861loe burk mariyu wheels kosam aneka resque dandayaatralalo okadaaniki naayakatvam vahinchina sthaanikudu).
oka private surveyor, zhe.emm. chitrakaarudu, 1857loe (georg goider samsthalo) eee praantampai nirvahinchina sarvelo panicheesaaru. athani party gammon konda mariyu mount mckinley (idhi nundi kaadu) adhirohinchindi, conny kendra shreni ledhaa peethabhoomi sikharaala varaku chochukupoledu. shrenula paschima anchuna mount roow mariyu arkuna bluff madhya vaaru survey chesina linelo nirminchina aneka survey keyirnlalo okati punaruddharinchabadindi mariyu eee roeju sandarsinchavacchu (krinda unna photo).
eee praantaaniki sataabdam prarambham nundi matasambandhamaina sthaavaraala yokka rangurangula charitra undih iravayyava sataabdam praarambhamlo pound loe oka chinna pasuvula sthaavaraanni naduputunna zaan grindell paeru meeda illinavortina pound looni ippudu punaruddharinchabadina holiday cottage grindell gudiseku paeru pettaru. grindelku thana alludu georg sneltho kathinamaina sambandham undedi, athanu poruguna unna yankaninna stationnu naduputunnadu, athanu pasuvulanu oogutunnaadani anumaaninchaadu. 1918 augustulo snell adrusyamainappudu, mariyu oka shodhana brundam shrenulalo campfire vadda avasheshaalanu kanugonappudu, grindelnu arrestu chesi snell hatyaku paalpadinatlu abhiyogaalu moparu. aadharalu balaheenamgaa unnappatikee, decemberlo port augusta vadda grindell doshigaa nirdhaarinchabaddaadu mariyu maranasiksha vidhinchabadindi, ayithe taruvaata daanini jeevita khaiduga marcharu. athanu 1928loe jailu nundi vidudalayyaadu, rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata 77 samvatsaraala vayassulo maraninchaadu. athani paatha gudise unna pradaesamloe punaruddharinchabadina bhavanam ippudu selavu kuteeramgaa addeku ivvabadindi.
bushman aarr. emm. shrenula dakshina chivaralo italovi gaplo camp chestunnappudu taanu kalusukunna maroka vyakti nundi boot tayari mariyu tholu gurinchi tanaku telisina pratidaanni neerchukunnatlu villiams prasiddhi chendaadu; athanu taruvaata millionaire ayyadu mariyu athani paerunu kaligi unna prasiddha dustula brand ayyadu.
20va sataabdam modati ardhabhaagamlo eee shrenulanu marinta kshunnamgaa anveshinchaaruh eee praantamlooni pacchika kalapa kutumbam, pasupaalakulu, iravailu mariyu mupfailalo anchulanu anveshinchaaru, fern agadhanni kanugonnaru, conny 1940la chivaralo warren bonithan mariyu itarulu dandayaatralu chese varaku peethabhoomi mariyu pradhana kendra shrenulanu parisoedhimchi anveshinchaaru. 1946loe benbonian kondaku dakshinaana aneka kilometres dhooramlo unna neeli shreniloki bonython yokka modati prayaanamloo, athani iddaru sahacharulalo okaraina baab croker jaaripadi athani kaalu virigindi, dheeni phalitamgaa bonython iravai kilometres paiga balkanuna stationku nadichi sahayaka charyanu nirvahinchindihi chivariki baabnu edu gantala marathonlo merugaina stretcher dwara ettaina shrenilo teesukellaaru.
1948 natiki peethabhoomi anni disalalo prayaaninchindi, ayithe shrenula yokka ettaina bhagalu ippatikee anubhavagnulaina bush walkers tappa andarikee parimitulu laevu.
1960laloe american khagola saastravettala brundam gamanla yokka ettaina sikharaalanu observatoryki saadhyamayye pradaesaalugaa aasakti kanabarichindi, mariyu aneka paarteelu mount mckinley mariyu benboniat konda sikharaalapai kontakaalam camp chesaayi (vaahana margalu kooda sikharaalaku vargeekarinchabaddaayi), conny antaku minchi aemee cheyaledu (eshaanyamlo vanda kilometres dhooramlo unna arkarula vadda oka pedda observatory undhi). eee shibiraala avasheshaalu rendu kondala sikharaalapaine unnaayi, inca konni pradaesaalaloo neelirangu shreni paibhagamlo inca vaahanaala track ekkuvagaa unnatlu samacharam.
chaaritraatmaka maajee ganula tavvakam pradaesam, bolla bolana ituka butty mariyu raagi karige sidhilaalu, jaateeya udyaanavanamlo unnaayi mariyu dakshina australia vaarasatva registerlo jabita cheyabaddaayi. 1870laloe eee gani kevalam moodu samvatsaraalu matrame vijayavantamgaa panichesindi.
jaateeya udyaanavanam.
shrenulatho chuttumuttabadina praantam ellappuduu matasambandhamaina bhoomiga undedi, ayinappatikee daanilo ekkuva bhaagam cherukolenidi mariyu kathinamainadi, mekalu mariyu bush vaakarlu tappa maredi aakarshanheeyam kaadu. shrenula vaayuvya bhaganni 1968loe yankaninna station chetula nundi prabhutva samrakshanhaloki teesukunnaru, 1970loe jaateeya udyaanavanamgaa prakatinchaaru. balkanuna station 1980loe konugolu cheyabadindi, rendu samvatsaraala taruvaata bhoomulanu adhikarikamga jaateeya udyaanavanaaniki jodinchaaru.
dwandwa-viniyoga jaateeya udyaanavanam (kontha tavvakam anumatinchabade erpaatu) kooda tavvakam daavaalaku mariyu konni vivaadaalaku lobadi undhi, prakkane unna arkarula abhayaaranyamlo vistrutamaina euranium nikshaepaalanu parigananaloki teesukunte eee praantaaniki teliyadu. gaamanlalo atyanta spashtamgaa kanipinche vaadanalaloo okati veetootla loyalo undhi, ikkada oka konda daadaapu puurtigaa magneysite koodi undhi; beehechpi eee praantaanni anveshinchi daanipai daavaa vesindi, ayithe daanini tavvadaaniki etuvanti pranaalikalu roopondinchabadaledu. 2000loe, maroka company depositnu dopidi chese uddesyamto claimnu pondadaaniki charyalu teesukundi. prabhutvam leeju badileeni addukundi, mariyu maining company chattaparamaina savaalu odipoyina taruvaata, dakshina australialoni rendu pradhana raajakeeya paarteelu eee praantamlooni anni maining claimlanu aarpiveyadaaniki mariyu anni mininglapy puurti nishedhamtho jaateeya udyaanavanaanni tirigi prakatinchadaaniki kattubadi unnaayi.
eee jaateeya udyaanavanam marumulamga mariyu saapekshamgaa cherukolenidiga undhi. copley-arkula durt road (2 doubleudy vaahanaalaku prayaaninchadaginadi) jaateeya udyaanavanam yokka dakshina anchuna unna italovi gyap gundaa velutundi, akkada nundi mount mckinleku uttaraana oka roeju nadaka untundi. mount mctaggert chuttoo 4 doubleudy track undhi, idhi grindell yokka gudise mariyu loach ness kuu daariteestundi, ikkada nundi bushwakarlu mount zaan robertsnu ekkavacchu, idhi pound paie aadhipatyam chelaayinche neelam shreni yokka bayati bluff. jaateeya udyaanavanam yokka uttara bhaagaaniki cherukovadam marinta kashtam, sarihaddu matasambandhamaina yankaninna stationku 4 doubleudy track sameepa rahadaarini andistundi. sandarsakulu yankaninna shrenini ekkaali ledhaa lopali bhaganni cherukovadaniki shrenula vaayuvya muulaloe unna arkuna bluff nundi nadavali.
shrenulalo neeru chaalaa takkuvagaa untundi mariyu daanipai aadharapadatam kashtam grindels gudise, italovi gyap mariyu arkuna bluff vadda shivaarlalo neeti tankulu unnaayi. aneka neeti randhraalu unnaayi, veetilo konni shrenulalo lothugaa mariyu chaalaa nammadaginavi, conny avanni teevramaina karuvu samvatsaraalalo endipothayi.
ksheeradaalu.
eee jaateeya udyaanavanam dingo kancheku dakshinaana undhi, antey idhi aaa praantamloo undhi, ikkada dingolu vichaaranaku guravutaayi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa arudainavi ledhaa laevu. jaateeya udyaanavanamlo adavi kukkalu mariyu nakkalaku kramam tappakunda vishaprayogam chestaaru. jaateeya udyaanavanamlo rakshinchabadina jantuvulalo pasupu paadaala raathi walabi undhi.
jaateeya udyaanavanaanni (anni flienderla maadirigaane) peedistunna oka samasya adavi mekalu, ivi kathinamaina raathi bhoobhaganni daatagalavu, mariyu mamsaahaarula korata kaaranamgaa vruddhi chendutaayi. eee parichayam cheyabadina jantuvulu vaati goddali bhoomiki mariyu avi tine vrukshasampadaku chese nashtam kaaranamgaa tegullu. vetagallu neeti randhraalanu mariyu helicopterlu ridge-toplapy jantuvulanu teeyadam dwara jaateeya udyaanavanamlo janabha taggindih samasyanu nirvahinchadaaniki sthaanika creeda shootarla sangham sahayanni upayoginchaaru. iteevali samvatsaraalalo takkuva perugudala vrukshasampada gananeeyamgaa merugupadindi, idhi bahusha taggina sankhyanu pratibimbistumdi. operation bownes byaak loe bhaagamgaa nirvahinchina pedda ettuna biting karyakramalu jaateeya udyaanavanamlo nakkala sankhyanu tagginchaayi. kundelu calisivirus pravesapettinappati nundi kundelula sankhya sumaru 85 saatam taggindi.
pakshulu.
gammon shrenulu mariyu arkarula mukhyamaina pakshi praantam antarjaateeya pakshi jeevitam dwara mukhyamainadigaa gurtinchabadina praantam, endukante idhi parimita shreni chinna thoka gala gaddi, alaage pied thene tine jantuvula, chirraping wedgeble mariyu dalchinachekka quill-trash janaabhaaku maddatu istundi, indulo daani sarihaddula lopala jaateeya udyaanavanam undhi.
naamakaranam.
gammon" anae paeru ekkada nundi vachindo teliyadu. warren bonithan aneka salahalanu kaligi undih idhi shrenulapai mandapati podanu suuchistuu "nakilee" anie ardham vachhe kriya "gammon" kaavacchu (athanu 'humbug scrub' anie piluvabade adelide sameepamlo unna praantaanni udaaharanagaa paerkonnaadu). athanu gammon konda, "konni paristhitulalo", bekan mukkala kanipistundani cheppi, gammon mukka anie ardham kosam sthirapadataadu. daani takshana chuttupakkala chaalaa kathinamgaa undatam valla, idhi saadhaaranamgaa dhooramlo neelam pogamanchugaa kanipistundi anae vaastavam kaaranamgaa neelirangu shreniki paeru pettabadindani vinabade vaadanalu chebutunnayi!
eee praantaaniki aadima paeru arkaroo, idhi oka puraana goppa paamu paeru. arkaroo sarassu nundi mottam neetini taaginatlu prasiddhi chendaadu, conny, daani upputanamtho kalata chendhi, athanu shrenula lotulaloki jaaripoyaadu, akkada athani kadupu ubbina sabdam netikee konasagutondi. eee roeju shrenulalo vinipinche oopandukuntunna sabdaalu irukaina loyala gundaa veeche gaali ledhaa (bahusha) pedda rock falls anie bhaavistaaru. eee praantamlooni aneka sandarbhaallo upayoginche arkarula anae pradaesapu paeru yokka muulam arkaroo (vilpaenaaku dakshinaana unna station paeru kooda).