
anubaahya vaarasatvam

nuclear velupala sambhavinche janyuvula prasaram anedi extranuclear inheritance ledhaa cytoplasmic inheritance. idhi chaalaa eukariotlalo kanipistundi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa mitochondria mariyu chloroplastlu vanti cytoplasmic avayavaalalo ledhaa vairaslu ledhaa bacteria vanti cellular paraannajeevula nundi sambhavistundi.
avayavalu.
mitochondria anevi kanajaala swaasakriya phalitamgaa saktini maarchadaaniki panichese kanajaalaalu. chloroplastlu anevi mokkalu mariyu aalgelalo kiranajanya samyogakriya dwara chakkeralanu utpatti cheyadaaniki panichese kanajaalaalu. mitochondria mariyu chloroplastlalo unna janyuvulu saraina cellular functionku chaalaa mukhyamainavi. mitochondrial dna mariyu itara extranuclear rakaala dna nucleuselo unna dna nundi swatantramgaa pratiroopam chestaayi, idhi saadhaaranamgaa chromosomelalo amarchabadi untundi, idhi cellular vibhajanaku mundu okasari matrame pratiroopam chestundi. ayithe mitochondria mariyu chloroplastla yokka extranuclear janyuvulu kana vibhajana nundi swatantramgaa pratiroopam chestaayi. avi oka kanam yokka perugutunna shakti avasaralaku pratispandanagaa pratiroopam avtayi, ivi aaa kanam yokka jeevitakaalamlo sardubaatu avtayi. avi swatantramgaa pratiroopam avtayi kabatti, eee janyuvula janyu punassamyojanam santhaanamlo arudugaa kanipistundi, anhu janyuvulaku viruddhamgaa, dheenilo punassamyojanam saadhaaranam.
mitochondrial vyaadhulu talli nundi vaarasatvamgaa vastaayi, tandri nundi kaadu. mitochondria, vaati mitochondrial dna, oka veeryakanamlo phaladeekaranam kaavadaaniki mundhe guddu kanamlo ippatike untaayi. phaladeekarana aneka sandarbhaallo, veeryapu thala guddu kanamloki pravesistundi; daani madhya bhaganni, daani mitochondriatho, venuka vadilivestundi. veeryamu yokka mitochondrial dna tarachugaa jaigot velupala untundi mariyu vaarasatvam nundi minahaayinchabadutundi.
paraannajeevulu.
viral janyuvulu mariyu sahajeevana bacteria yokka extranuclear transmission kooda saadhyame. viral genome transmissionku oka udaaharana perinatal transmission. idhi prasavaanantara kaalamlo talli nundi pindam varaku sambhavistundi, idhi puttukaku mundu praarambhamai, puttina tarvaata sumaru 1 nela paatu mugustundi. eee samayamlo viral padaartham raktapravaahamlo ledhaa tallipaalu loe talli nundi biddaku sankraminchavacchu. hechaivi ledhaa hepatitis sii vairaslanu mostunna tallulaku idhi pratyeka aandolana kaliginche vishayam. keetakaalu mariyu protistulu vanti jeevulalo sahajeevana cytoplasmic bacteria kooda vaarasatvamgaa labhistundi.
rakalu.
moodu saadhaarana rakaala extranuclear vaarasatvam unnaayi.
utparivartana chendina mitochondria.
"pokey" anedi extranuclear vaarasatvaanni kaligi unna "neurospora crassa" anae fungus yokka utparivartana. "pokey" anedi nemmadigaa perugudala, mitochondrial ribosome assemblylo lopam mariyu aneka cytochromelalo lopaalu kaligi untundi. pokey" utparivartana adhyayanalu oka nirdishta janyuroopam yokka vaarasatvaaniki extranuclear mitochondrial aadharaanni sthaapinchina modati vaatilo unnaayi. janyu siluvalanu upayoginchi, "pokey" anedi prasuuti vaarasatvamgaa vachinatlu modatlo kanugonabadindi. tadanantaram, "pokey" utparivartanalo praadhamika lopam mitochondrial dna kramamlo tolagimpugaa nirnayinchabadindi, idhi mitochondrial ribosomal rna yokka chinna upabhaagaanni encoding chestundi.

