
brazillo anuvaina-indhana vahanalu

brazilloni soukaryavantamaina-indhana vaahanaala samudaayam prapanchamlone atipeddadi. 2003loe praarambhamainappati nundi, desamlo mottam 30.5 million flex fuel kaarlu mariyu light-duty truckulu namodu cheyabaddaayi, mariyu marchi 2018 natiki 6 millionlaku paiga flexible-fuel motorcycle namodu cheyabaddaayi. 2017loe anni light-duty registrationlalo flex-fuel aatolu mariyu light commercial truckula market vataa 88.6% gaa praatinidhyam vahinchindi. 14 pradhana kaarla tayaareedaarulu tayaaru chesina 80kii paiga flex kaaru mariyu light truck namuunaalu marketlo andubaatulo unnaayi, mariyu aidu flex-fuel motorcycle andubaatulo unnaayi.
brazilian flexible-indhana vahanalu e20-e25 gasoline mariyu 100% hydrus ethanol indhanam (e100) varaku edainaa mishramampai nadapadaniki optimize cheyabaddaayi. brazilloni flex vahanalu ushnogratalu diguvaku padipoyinappudu injinnu praarambhinchadaaniki challani kosam oka chinna gasoline rijarvaayartho nirminchabaddaayi. 2009loe merugaina flex motor utpattini praarambhinchaaru, idhi dviteeya gyaas tank avasaranni tolaginchindi.
2009loe nirvahinchina rendu ververu parisoedhana adhyayanala prakaram, flex-indhanam namodaina vahanalalo 65 saatam kramam tappakunda ethanol indhanaanni upayogistaayi, mariyu sthaanika pannulu takkuvagaa unna pradhana ethanol utpattidaaru raashtramaina saavo paalolo 93 saatam flex kaaru yajamaanulaku ekki upayogistaayi, mariyu dharalu gasoline kante ekkuva poteegaa untaayi. ayithe, 2009loe praarambhamaina brazilian ethanol parisrama sankshobham kaaranamgaa adhika ethanol dharalu phalitamgaa, november 2013 natiki kevalam 23 saatam flex-fuel kaaru yajamaanulu matrame kramam tappakunda ithanaalnu upayogistunnaru, 2009loe idhi 66 saatamgaa undhi.
charitra.
1973 chamuru sankshobham taruvaata, brazil prabhutvam gasoline thoo ethanol mishramaalanu upayoginchadam tappanisari chesindi, mariyu naalugu kaarla tayaareedaarulu abhivruddhi chesina aneka namuunaalanu pareekshinchina taruvaata, 1979loe chakkaga ethanol-saktitoe nadiche kaarlu (e100 matrame) marketloki pravesapettabaddaayi. brazilian kaarla tayaareedaarulu ethanol lakshanaalaku maddatugaa gasoline enginelanu savarinchaaru mariyu maarpulalo kudimpu nishpatti, inject cheyabadina indhanam, ethanol thoo samparkam dwara debbatine padaarthaala bharti, adhika jwaala ushnogratala kaaranamgaa vaedini vedajalladaaniki anuvaina challani spark plugla upayogam mariyu injin compartmentloni chinna tank nundi gasolinnu inject chese sahayaka challani-prarambha vyavastha challaga unnappudu praarambhinchadaaniki sahaayapadutundi.
flexible-indhana saanketika parignaanaanni 1990la chivari natiki brazilian injaneerlu abhivruddhi cheyadam praarambhinchaaru mariyu marchi 2003loe volkaswagen doow brassil marketlo goal 1.6 total flexnu praarambhinchindi, idhi gasoline mariyu ethanol mishramampai nadiche saamarthyam kaligina modati vaanijya flexible indhana vahanam.
saanketikata.
brazilian flexible fuel kaarunu ethanol-siddhamgaa unna injin mariyu rendu indhanaala kosam oka fuel tanktho nirminchaaru. munupati ethanol-matrame vahanalalo upayoginche challani vaataavaranamloo swachchamaina gasoline thoo injinnu praarambhinchadaaniki chinna gasoline reservoir, brazilian flexible-indhana kaarla modati taramlo unchabadindi, pradhanamgaa madhya mariyu dakshina praantaala viniyogadaarula kosam, ikkada sheethaakaala ushnogratalu saadhaaranamgaa krindaku padipothayi. 2009loe merugaina flex motor utpattini praarambhinchaaru, idhi eee dviteeya gyaas reservoir tank tolagimpuku veelu kalpinchindi.
brazilian flex technologylo oka mukhya aavishkarana emitante, ethanol-gasoline misramaanni paryaveekshinchadaaniki adanapu pratyeka sensor avasaranni nivaarinchadam, idhi modati american emm85 flex indhana vahanalanu chaalaa khareedainadigaa chesindi. idhi lambda probe dwara saadhinchabadindi, idhi sampradaaya enginelalo dahana naanhyatanu kolavadaniki upayoginchabadutundi, injin niyantrana unit (eee. sii. yuu) kii kooda gasoline mariyu alkahal misramam kaalipotundani teliyajeyadam avasaram. ippatike vahanamlo nirminchina praamaanika sensorla nundi detatho nimpabadina "software fuel sensor" (sfs) anie piluvabade brazilian injaneerlu abhivruddhi chesina software dwara eee pani svayamchaalakamgaa saadhinchabadutundi. eee saanketikatanu 1994loe bosin yokka brazilian anubandha samstha abhivruddhi chesindi, conny 2003loe hortolandia, saavo paalolo unna magneti marelli yokka italian anubandha samstha dwara marinta meruguparachabadindi mariyu vaanijyaparamgaa amalu cheyabadindi. idhe vidhamaina indhana injection saanketikatanu delphi automotive systems yokka brazilian anubandha samstha abhivruddhi chesindi, mariyu dheenini "multifuel" anie pilustaaru, idhi pyrasicaba, saavo paaloloni daani sadupaayamlo nirvahinchina parisoedhana aadhaaramgaa. eee saanketikata niyantrika inject cheyabadina indhanam mariyu spark samayanni niyantrinchadaaniki anumatistundi, endukante indhana pravahanni tagginchaalsina avasaram undhi mariyu gasoline upayoginchinappudu sweeya-dahanaanni kooda nivaarinchaalsina avasaram undhi endukante ethanol enginelu 12:1 kuu kudimpu nishpattini kaligi untaayi, gasolineku chaalaa ekkuva.
brazilian flex enginelu adhika kudimpu nishpattulatoe roopondinchabadutunnaayi, adhika ethanol mishramaalanu sadviniyogam chesukuntu, ethanol yokka adhika oxygen content yokka prayojanaalanu penchutaayi, phalitamgaa takkuva udgaaraalu mariyu indhana saamarthyaanni meruguparustaayi. krindi pattika brazillo abhivruddhi cheyabadina vividha taraala flex enginela parinaamam mariyu merugudalanu chooputundi.
brazilian flex kaarlu kevalam hydrated ethanol (e100) paie, ledhaa kevalam 20 nundi 25 saatam nirjaleekarana ethanol thoo gasoline mishramampai ledhaa rendu indhanaala yokka edainaa ekapaksha kalayikapai nadavgalavu. swachchamaina gasoline desamlo ikapai vikrayinchabadadu endukante eee adhika ethanol misramaalu 1993 nundi tappanisari. anduvalla, anni brazilian vaahana tayaareedaarulu ii20 nundi ii25 varaku gasoline misramaalato nadapadaniki optimize chesina flex vahanalanu kaligi unnaaru, kabatti eee ffvlu swachchamaina gasoline thoo sajavuga nadavalevu, rendu namuunaalu minaha, swachchamaina gasoline (ii0), renault cleo hye-flex mariyu fiat siena tetrafueltho kooda panicheyadaaniki optimize cheyabadina flex-fuel injinto pratyaekamgaa nirminchabaddaayi.
brazilian ffvs yokka vasyata prastuta market dharalanu batti indhanaanni enchukoovadaaniki viniyogadaarulaku adhikaram istundi. ethanol indhanam indhanam kante takkuvagaa unnanduna, ethanol yokka shakti parimaanam gasoline kante prati unitku 34 saatam takkuvagaa untundi, ethanol meeda nadiche flex kaarlu swachchamaina gasoline meeda nadustunnappudu kante takkuva mailejeeni pondutaayi. ayithe, eee prabhavam saadhaaranamgaa leetaruku ethanol indhanam takkuva dhara dwara paakshikamgaa bharti cheyabadutundi. brazilian viniyogadaarulu tama mishramamlo gasoline kante ekkuva madyam upayoginchaalani media tarachugaa salaha istundi, endukante ethanol dharalu gasoline kante 30 saatam takkuvagaa ledhaa ekkuvagaa unnappudu matrame, endukante kaalaanuguna cheraku pantala phalitaanni batti ethanol dhara ekkuvagaa maarutundi.
utpatti mariyu market vataa.
mottam flex 1.6 yokka market prayogam taruvaata, gasoline mariyu ethanol mishramampai nadiche saamarthyam kaligina modati vaanijya anuvaina indhana vahanam, GM doow brassil moodu nelala taruvaata chevrolet coursa 1.8 power thoo, power train anie piluvabade fiat thoo joint-venture abhivruddhi chesina injinnu upayoginchindi. krindi 14 kaarla tayaareedaarulu brazillo anuvaina indhana vahanalanu nirminchi vikrayistaaruh citroen, cherry, fiat, ford, gm doow brassil (chevrolet), honda, hundai, kiah motors, mitsubishi, nissan, pyugot, renault, toyota mariyu volkaswagen.
2004loe kotta kaarla ammakaalalo anuvaina indhana vahanalu 22 saatam, 2005loe 73 saatam, juulai 2008loe idi1, augustu 2009loe rikaardu sthaayilo 94 saataaniki cherukunnayi. 2003 nundi flex-fuel kaarlu, telikapati vaanijya vaahanaala utpatti marchi 2010loe 10 millionlaku, janavari 2012loe 15 millionlaku cherukundi. 2012loe desamlo vikrayinchina anni prayaaneekula mariyu telikapati sunkaala vaahanaala flex-fuel kaarlu, telikapati truckula registrations idi2kuu praatinidhyam vahinchaayi. juun 2013loe utpatti 20 million unitla maarkunu daatindi.
2014 chivari natiki, flex-fuel kaarlu brazilian registered light-duty vaahanaala stacklo 54 saatam praatinidhyam vahinchagaa, gasoline vahanalu matrame 34.3% nuu suuchimchaayi. flex-fuel light-duty vaahanaala ammakalu mottam 25.5 million unitlu. 2017loe flex vaahanaala market vataa anni light-duty registrationlalo 88.6% kuu cherukundi. modati flex fuel kaarunu praarambhinchina padihenu samvatsaraala taruvaata, desamlo 30.5 million flex kaarlu mariyu light truckulu namodu cheyabaddaayi, mariyu 6 million flex motor saikillu unnaayi.
2006 natiki kaneesam oka ethanol pamputho 33,000 filling stationlu andubaatulo undatam dwara flex vaahanaala vegavantamaina vijayam saadhyamaindi, idhi prarambha "prokul" ethanol karyakramam yokka vaarasatvam. eee vaastavaalu, desavyaaptamgaa ii25 mishrama gasoline tappanisari upayogamtho kalisi, 2008loe brazil cheraku aadhaarita ethanol nundi gasoline marketlo 50 saataaniki paiga indhana viniyogaanni saadhinchadaaniki anumatinchindi.
2009loe nirvahinchina rendu ververu parisoedhana adhyayanala prakaram, jaateeya sthaayilo flex-indhanam namodaina vahanalalo 65 saatam kramam tappakunda ethanol indhanaanni upayogistaayi, mariyu sthaanika pannulu takkuvagaa unna pradhana ethanol utpattidaaru raashtramaina saavo paalolo viniyogam 93 saataaniki perigindi, mariyu pampu vadda ii 100 dharalu saadhaaranamgaa gasoline kante ekkuva poteegaa untaayi. ayithe, 2009loe brazilian ethanol parisrama sankshobham kaaranamgaa adhika ethanol dharalu phalitamgaa, antarjaateeya market viluva kante gasoline dharanu takkuvagaa unchadaaniki prabhutva raayiteelatoo kalipi, november 2013 natiki 23 saatam flex-fuel kaaru yajamaanulu matrame kramam tappakunda ithanaalnu upayogistunnaru, 2009loe 66 saatam nundi taggindi.
taja parinaamaalu.
flex-fuel motor saikillu.
brazilian flexible-fuel technologylo taja aavishkarana, flex-fuel motor saikilla abhivruddhi. 2007loe magneti marelli, brazillo flex-fuel kaarla kosam abhivruddhi chesina software fuel sensor (sfs) aadhaaramgaa, kasinsky seta 125 aadhaaramgaa flex technologytho kuudina modati motorcyclenu samarpinchindi. delphi automotive systems kooda 2007loe motor saikilla kosam daani bahula indhana injection saanketikatanu pradarsinchaayi. indhanaala empikalo vasyatatoe paatu, indhana-flex motor saikilla pradhana lakshyam carbon dioxide udgaaraalanu 20 saatam tagginchadam, indhana viniyogamlo 5 saatam nundi 10 saatam varaku podupu cheyadam. amazonas motosicletas thana motorcycle amay gaa (zii antey gasoline mariyu eah antey alkahal) ammakalu 2009 loe schedule cheyabadinatlu prakatinchindi, conny modati flex-fuel motorcyclenu vaastavaaniki marchi 2009 loe honda praarambhinchindi. daani brazilian anubandha samstha moto honda daa amazon utpatti chesindi, siji 150 tyton mixes dadapuga vikrayinchabadindi.
siji 150 tyton mishramamlo brazilian flex kaarlu maadirigaa challani praarambhaaniki dviteeya gyaas tank lenanduna, diguva ushnogratala vadda prarambha samasyalanu nivaarinchadaaniki tanklo kaneesam 20 saatam gasoline undaali. motorusaikil panello nilva tanklo vaastava ethanol-gasoline misramam gurinchi drivernu heccharinchadaaniki oka gaze untundi. 2009 septembarulo, honda rendava flexible-fuel motorcycle, aann-off-road nxr 150 brose mixnu praarambhinchindi. daani market praarambhinchina modati enimidi nelallo siji 150 tyton mixes 139,059 motor saikillanu vikrayinchindi, idhi october 2009 natiki brazilian marketlo kotta motor saikilla ammakaalalo rendava sthaanamlo nilichindi, mariyu samvatsaram chivari natiki, rendu honda flexible-fuel motor saikillu mottam 183,375 unitlanu vikrayinchaayi, idhi aaa samvatsaramlo brazilian kotta motor saikil ammakaalalo 11.4% market vatanu suuchistumdi. 2010loe rendu flex fuel motorcycle sanchita ammakalu 515,726 unitlaku cherukunnayi, aaa samvatsaramlo ammakalu mottam motorcycle utpattilo 18.15% praatinidhyam vahinchaayi.
honda tayaaru chesina maroe rendu flex-fuel motorcycle october 2010 mariyu janavari 2011loe praarambhinchabaddaayi, zii. sii. 150 fyaan mariyu honda bij 125 flex. 2011loe mottam 956,117 flex-fuel motor saikillu utpatti cheyabaddaayi, dheeni market vatanu 56.7% kuu penchindi. 2009 nundi andubaatulo unna naalugu flex indhana namuunaala sanchita utpatti december 2011loe 1.48 million unitlaku cherukundi. augustu 2012loe 2 million maarkunu cherukundi. flexible-indhana motorcycle utpatti october 2013loe 3 million unitla mailuraayini daatindi, marchi 2015loe 4 million maarkunu daatindi.
tadupari taram flex enginelu.
magneti marelli, delphi mariyu bosh yokka brazilian anubandha samsthalu 2009loe kotta flex injin utpattini abhivruddhi chesi, prakatinchaayi, idhi prarambha samayamlo ethanol indhanaanni vaedi cheyadam dwara dviteeya gasoline tank avasaranni tolagistundi, mariyu flex vahanalanu anumatinchadam dwara brazilian bhoobhaagamlo ekkadainaa anchanaa veyabadina athi takkuva ushnograta vadda saadhaarana challani prarambhanni anumatistundi. 2008loe vikrayinchina flex motarlatho poliste indhana viniyogam mariyu tail pipe udgaaraala taggimpu 10 saatam mariyu 15 saatam madhya undatam maroka merugudala. marchi 2009loe volkaswagen doow brassil pooloo ii-flexnu praarambhinchindi, idhi colled start kosam sahayaka tank laeni modati flex indhana namuunaa. pooloo upayoginche flex prarambha vyavasthanu bosh abhivruddhi chesindi.
pratyaksha injection.
2013loe, ford direct injectiontho modati flex fuel kaarunu praarambhinchindih phocus 2 duratic direct flex.
hybrid flex.
december 2018loe, toyota doow brassil vidyut mariyu ethanol indhanam ledhaa gasoline thoo nadiche saamarthyam kaligina flex-fuel injinto prapanchamlooni mottamodati vaanijya hybrid electric kaarunu abhivruddhi chestunnatlu prakatinchindi. aneka brazilian federal vishwavidyaalayaala bhaagaswaamyamto flexible fuel hybrid technology abhivruddhi cheyabadindi, mariyu toyota priyasnu abhivruddhi muelga upayoginchi aaru nelala paatu oka namuunaanu pareekshinchaaru. 2019 rendava bhaagamlo brazilian market kosam flex hybrid electric kaaru utpattini praarambhinchadaaniki toyota thana prastuta brazilian plantlalo okadaanilo pettubadi pettaalani yochistondi.
vaanijya flex hybrid abhivruddhi saadhyamaindani toyota vivarinchindi, idhi "rota 2030" (anglam "road mapp 2030") federal programme kaaranamgaa saadhyamaindi, idhi 2019 nundi praarambhamai, viniyogadaarulaku konugolu pannulanu taggistundi mariyu desamlo marinta samarthavantamgaa mariyu takkuva kalushya vahanalanu tayaaru cheyadaaniki kotta saanketika parignaanamlo pettubadi pette kaarla tayaareedaarulaku vachhe aidellalo pannu creditlanu andistundi.
pannendava taram toyota karola 2019 october nundi andubaatulo unna flexible hybrid versiontho andubaatulo untundi, idhi brazillo mariyu prapanchamlo mottamodati flexible-fuel karuga maarutundi.
flex indhana marpidi kitt.
flex indhana marpidi vastu saamagrini after market af vii (pratyaamnaaya indhana vahanam) marpidi saadhanalugaa vargeekarinchaaru, endukante avi propane, sahaja vayuvu, methane vayuvu, ethanol ledhaa vidyuttupai nadapadaniki kramam tappakunda tayaaru cheyabadina vahanalanu savarinchadaaniki veelu kalpistaayi. oka vahanam vidyuttutoe nadapadaniki veelugaa puurtayinavi minaha, anni vaahana anusaranalu prastuta sambandhita, paryaavarana rakshana samstha (ii. pii. eah) pramaanaalaku kattubadi undaali.
prastutam utpatti cheyabadina anuvaina-indhana vaahanaala jabita.
fibravari 2019 natiki brazillo andubaatulo unna flex-fuel automobiles mariyu light-duty vaahanaala jabita krinda ivvabadindi.

