
glycosome

glycosome anedi glycolytic enjaimlanu kaligi unna poratho kappabadina organel. kanamlooni glycogen sthiramgaa ledani, dynamic anuvu anie grahinchina taruvaata, eee padaanni scott modatisaarigaa 1968loe upayoginchaaru. idhi trypanosomatida mariyu bodonina upavargaalato sahaa kinetoplastidatho sahaa konni jaatula protojovalalo kanipistundi, mukhyamgaa maanava vyadhikaaraka trypanosomulalo, idhi nidra anaaroogyam, chagus vyaadhi mariyu leishmaniasis kaligistundi. organel oke poratho sarihaddulugaa untundi mariyu dattamaina proteinasius maatrukanu kaligi untundi. idhi peroxisome nundi udbhavinchindani nammutaaru. leishmania janyusaastrampai chesina pani dwara idhi dhruvikarinchabadindi.
glycosome prastutam aushadha chikitsalaku saadhyamayye lakshyamgaa parisoedhana cheyabadutondi.
glycosomelu canetoplastids mariyu vaati sodari diplonemidlaku pratyekamainavi. glycosome anae padaanni chakkeranu nilva cheyadaaniki baadhyata vahinche hepatocytelalo kanipinche glycogen-kaligina nirmaanaalaku kooda upayogistaaru, conny ivi poratho kattubadi unde kanajaalaalu kaavu. 
nirmaanam.
glycosomelu glycogen mariyu proteinlatho koodi untaayi. proteins glycogen yokka jeevakriyatho sambandham unna enjaimlu. eee proteins mariyu glycogen oka pratyaekamaina mariyu pratyaekamaina aarganelnu tayaaru cheyadaaniki oka sanklishtatanu yerparustaayi. glycosomla kosam proteins uchita cytosolic ribosomela nundi digumati cheyabadataayi. aargaanelloki digumati chesukunna proteins oka nirdishta kramaanni kaligi untaayi, avi saraina pradaesaaniki vellelaa chusukovadaniki pts1 mugimpu kramaanni kaligi untaayi. avi glycogentho nindina kanam yokka cytosolloni alfa-kanikalanu pooli untaayi. glycosomelu saadhaaranamgaa gundrani nundi oval aakaaramlo untaayi, prati kanamlo parimaanam maarutuu untundi. glycogen cytoplasmlo kanipinchinappatikii, glycosomelo adhi poratho chuttabadi vaerugaa untundi. pora anedi lipid dvipadaram. glycosomelo kanipinche glycogen cytosollo swechchagaa kanipinche glycogentho samanamga untundi. glycosomelu aneka rakaala aargaanellato anubandhinchabadavachhu ledhaa jatacheyabadavachhu. avi sarcoplasmic reticulum mariyu daani madhyantara tantuvulaku anusandhaaninchabadi unnatlu kanugonabadindi. itara glycosomelu myophybrills mariyu mitochondria, kathinamaina endoplasmic reticulum, sarcolemma, polyribosomelu ledhaa golgi upakaranaaniki anusandhaaninchabadi unnatlu kanugonabadindi. glycosome attachment vaati madhya kriyaatmaka vyatyaasaanni ivvavacchu; myofibrillsku anusandhaaninchabadina glycosomelu glycolysis dwara eah. tii. pii. utpatti kosam shakti uparitalaalanu andinchadam dwara mayosinku upayogapadataayi. kathinamaina mariyu mruduvaina endoplasmic retikyulamloni glycosomelu daani glycogen synthase mariyu phosphorylase phosphataselanu upayogistaayi.
function.
glycosomelu kanamlo aneka prakriyalalo panicheestaayi. eee prakriyalalo glycolysis, purin salvage, kovvu aamlaala beata aakseekarana mariyu eethar lipid samslaeshanha unnaayi.
glycolysis.
glycosome panichese pradhana pani daani pora lopala jarige glycolytic maargam. glycosome lopala glycolysisnu compartmentalise cheyadam dwara, kanam marinta vijayavantamavutundi. kanamlo, cytosol, mitochondria mariyu glycosomlaloni charya annee shakti jeevakriya yokka paniteerunu puurti chestunnayi. eee shakti jeevakriya glycolysis prakriya dwara eah. tii. pii. nii utpatti chestundi. glycosome anedi glycolysis maargamlo pradhana glycolytic enjaimla host. eee maargam kovvu aamlaalanu vaati carbon mariyu shakti kosam vichchinnam cheyadaaniki upayoginchabadutundi. ayithe glycosis yokka mottam prakriya glycosomelo jaragadu. badulugaa, glucose glycosomeloki pravesinche emben-mayerhoff vibhagam matrame. mukhyamgaa, aargaanelloni prakriyaloo nikara eah. tii. pii samslaeshanha undadu. eee eah. tii. pii. glycosome velupala prakriyala nundi taruvaata vastundi. glycosome lopala panicheyadaaniki mariyu daani punarutpattiki naad + avasaram. glycosis praarambhinchadaaniki sahayapade aakseekarana agentlanu pondadamlo sahayapade maargamgaa glycosomelo fructose 1,6-biphosphate upayoginchabadutundi. glycosome chakkeranu 3-phosphoglyzeratega maarustundi.
purin rakshana.
glycosomla yokka maroka pani purin salvage. kanaalalo glycosomelu unna paraannajeevulu purin dii novoni tayaaru cheyalevu. glycosomelo tayaaraina eee purin appudu nucleic acidlo kanamlo upayoginchadaaniki glycosome nundi egumati cheyabadutundi. itara kanaalalo dheeniki kaaranamaina enjaimlu cytosollo untaayi. samshlaeshanhaku sahayapade glycosomelo kanipinche eee enjaimlu gwanin mariyu adenine phosphoribosyl transferes, hypoxanthine mariyu janthine phoe traan. eee enjaimlanni vaati carboxyl kramamlo pts1 kramaanni kaligi untaayi, tadwara avi glycosomeku pampabadataayi.
sakshyam.
suukshmadarshini aadharam.
suukshmadarshini paddhatulu kanamlooni glycosome gurinchi chaalaa velladinchaayi mariyu glycogen mariyu daani prakriyala kosam kanamlo pora-kattubadi unna organel undani niroopinchaayi. 1883 lone paal earlich kanugonna vishayalu suukshmadarshini nundi kanamlo glycogen ellappuduu carrier anie piliche daanitoe kanugonabadindani, taruvaata protein anie pilavabadindani cheppagalanani perkonnaayi. glycogen kooda ellappuduu oka samuuhamloo diguva dhruvam vaipu kanamlo sthiramgaa kanipistundi. saastravettalu saadhaarana glycogen anuvulanu gurtinchadaaniki prayatninchinappudu, marakalu ververu phalitaalanu kaligi unnaayi. avi free glycogen anuvulu kaavu, conny nijamgaa glycosome kaavadame dheeniki kaaranam. uranil acetate thoo tadisina glycosomenu pariseelinchadam dwara suukshmadarshini loe glycosome adhyayanam cheyabadindi. marakalu padina U/PB anedi glycosomelo bhaagamaina protein. kanaalalooni glycosomeloni glycogen saadhaaranamgaa glycogen baruvuku rendu nundi naalugu retlu ekkuva baruvunna proteintho mudipadi untundi. ayithe, suddhi chesina tarvaata, glycogen chaalaa takkuva proteintho, saadhaaranamgaa moodu saatam kante takkuva, glycosome baadhyata vahistundani mariyu glycosomeloni glycogenku avasaramaina proteins mariyu enjaimlanu kaligi undatam dwara panichestundani choopistundi. uranil marakatho, oka aamlamgaa, idhi glycogen nundi protein yokka vibhajanaku kaaranamavutundi. protein laeni glycogen pedda agrigetlanu yerparustundi mariyu steyn protein avutundi. idhi glycogen marakalu padananduna adrusyamavutundane bhramanu istundi, conny idhi saadhaaranamgaa glycosomelo anubandhinchabadina protein nundi vidipotundi.
jeevarasaayana sakshyam.
kanaalalo glycosomelu unnayani rujuvu cheyadaaniki jeevarasaayanaparamgaa vividha aadharalu kanugonabaddayi. glycosomga bhaavinche organello aneka proteins kanipistaayi. veetilo glycogen synthase, phosphorylase mariyu glycogen kosam branching mariyu debranching enjaimlu unnaayi. ivanni glycogen samshlaeshanhaloo avasaramaina niyantrana enjaimlu. glycogen samslaeshanha praarambhaaniki glycosomelu, protein primerlo kanipinche glycogenin avasaram. perkonna vidhamgaa glycogen synthase glycogen podavulo sahaayapadutundi mariyu glycogen nundi glucose tolagimpuku enjaimlu mariyu phosphorylesnu debranching cheyadam dwara sahaayapadutundi. eee enjaimlanni glycosomelo kanipistaayi, glycogentho puurti ayina eee organel kooda glycogennu nilva cheyadaaniki mariyu cytosol nundi vaerugaa undataaniki baadhyata vahistundani choopistundi.
rakalu.
eee pratyeka kanajalalanu pradarsinche kanaalalo rendu rakaala glycosomelu kanipistaayi. eee rendu samuuhaalu liglycosomelu mariyu desmoglycosomelu. avi kanamlooni itara kanajaalaalato anubandhamlo, vaati saapeksha samruddhi thoo paatu bhinnamgaa untaayi. aarogyakaramaina kanaalu ekkuva liglycosomelanu kaligi undagaa, aakalitho unna kanaalu ekkuva desmoglycosomelanu kaligi unnayani adhyayanalu choopinchaayi.
liglycosomelu.
liglycosomelu anevi kanamlooni cytosollo laeni glycosomelu. eee rakamaina glycosomelu aamlam dwara prabhaavitamavutaayi. avi itara rakaala glycosomla kante takkuva electron dattamgaa untaayi. liglycosomelu kooda saadhaaranamgaa cytosolloni golusulalo kanipistaayi. liglycosomelu kanajaalaaniki kattubadi undavu kabatti, eee glycosomelanu marige neetitho velikiteeyadam saadhyamavutundi.
desmoglycosomelu.
cytosollo desmoglycosomelu uchitam kaadu, conny kanamlooni itara kanajaalaalu ledhaa nirmaanaalatoo untaayi. eee nirmaanaalu myophybrills, mitochondria mariyu endoplasmic reticulum vanti perkonna itara kanajaalaalaku sambandhinchinavi. kandaraala kanaalalo desmoglycosomelu enduku kanipistayo idhi vivaristundi. eee glycosomelu aamlam dwara prabhaavitam kaavu. eee glycosomelu samuuhaalanu yerparuchukovu, conny oke kanajalamga vaerugaa untaayi. glycosome anubandhinche adhika mottamlo protein kaaranamgaa, adhika electron saandrata saadhaaranamgaa gamaninchabadutundi. proteintho anusandhanam dwara kanajaalaaniki kattubadi unnanduna desmoglycosomelu marige neeti nundi velikiteeyalevu.
peroxisome muulam.
peroxisomla nundi utpannamayye vividha rakaala organellalo glycosomelu atyanta bhinnamainavi, mukhyamgaa trypanosomelalo kanipinche vidhamgaa. adhika eukariotla peroxisomelu konni mokkalu mariyu sileendhraalalo kanipinche glycosomelu mariyu glyoxysomlatho chaalaa pooli untaayi. glycosome oke pora yokka adhe praathamika sthaayi nirmaanaanni mariyu chaalaa dattamaina protein maatrukanu panchukuntundi. peroxisomlo kanipinche konni enjaimlu mariyu margalu trypanosomlaloni konni jaatula glycosomelalo kooda kanipistaayani konni adhyayanalu choopinchaayi. alaage, protein maatrika kosam glycosomeku pampabade proteinlapy lakshya shrenulu peroxisomloki digumati cheyabadina proteinlapy aaa shrenulanu pooli untaayi. lakshya shrenulu matrame kakunda, eee rendu kanajaalaala kosam maatrikalaloki vellae proteinla vaastava shrenulalo kooda idhi kanipistundi. glycosomelu plaastid vanti proteinlanu kaligi unnayani kanugonabadinappati nundi, kiranajanya samyogakriya cheyagala saamarthyam unna jeevi nundi parshwa janyu badilee chaalaa kaalam kritam jarigindani oohinchabadindi, dheeni janyuvulu phalitamgaa peroxisomelu mariyu glycosomelanu kaligi undataaniki badilee cheyabaddaayi. peroxisome thoo paatu glycosomelo kooda janyuvu undadu.
sambhaavya aushadha lakshyam.
peroxisomla maadirigaa kakunda, chaalaa trypanosomlaku avi manugada saaginchadaaniki vaati glycosomelu avasaram. glycosome yokka eee avasaram kaaranamgaa, daani paniteerunu aapadaniki oka aushadhaanni kanugonadam saadhyamayye aushadha lakshyamgaa soochinchabadindi. glycosome sarigga panicheyakapothe kanamlo enjaimla korata teevramgaa untundi. eee enjaimlu eethar-lipid samslaeshanha ledhaa konni kovvu aamlaala beata aakseekaranhatho sambandham kaligi untaayi. glycosome laeni kanaalu eee enjaimlalo lopistaayi, endukante glycosome compartmentalisation lekunda enjaimlu cytosolloni kanamlo ksheenistaayi. organel enjaimla jeevakriyanu sambhavinchakundaa unchutundi. paraannajeevulaku, eethar-lipid samslaeshanha daani jeevita chakranni puurti cheyagalagadaaniki chaalaa mukhyam, idhi glycosome dwara rakshinchabadina enjaimlanu kooda chaalaa mukhyamainadigaa chestundi. vaari jeevita chakramlo, glycosome dwara paakshikamgaa glycolysis anedi proo-cyclic roopamtho poliste rakta pravaaha roopamlo chaalaa ekkuvagaa untundi. vyaadhikaarakaaniki ottidi paristhitulalo glycosomal glycolysis maargam avasaram, endukante eah. tii. pii inca andubaatulo lenappudu kooda maargam kosam uparitalaalu andubaatulo unnappudu glycolysis praarambhinchavacchu. kabatti eee organel trypanosomecu chaalaa avasaram kabatti, oka aushadham eee aarganelnu lakshyamgaa chesukogaligite, glycosome paraannajeevi maranam sambhavinchakundaa adhyayanalu choopinchinatlugaa idhi vijayavantamaina chikitsa kaavacchu. 

