
nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam

nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam bharatadesamloni keralalo unna jaateeya udyaanavanam. idhi neelagiri kondalalo undhi mariyu dheeni pradhana praantam. idhi oka buffer john thoo chuttumuttabadi undhi. eee jaateeya udyaanavanamlo konni arudaina jaatula vrukshajaalam mariyu jantujaalam unnaayi. sailent valley national park nuu 1847loe vrukshashaastragnudu robbert white anveshinchaaru. idhi palakkad jillaalooni mannarkad taaluukaaku, malappuram jillaalooni nilambur taaluukaaku, keralaku, tamilanaduloni neelagiri jillaaku sarihaddulo undhi.
idhi neelagiri jeevaavaranam yokka goppa jeevavaividhyamlo undhi. karimpula vanyapraanula abhayaaranyam, kotta amarambalam rakshita atavee praantam, malappuram jillaalooni nilambur taaluukaalooni nedunkayam varshaaranya praantam, palakkad jillaalooni mannarkad taaluukaalooni attappadi rakshita atavee praantam, neelagiri jillaalooni mukurti jaateeya udyaanavanam nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam chuttoo unnaayi. dakshina bhaaratadesamlo aidava ettaina sikharamaina mukurti sikharam mariyu anjinda sikharam kooda daani sameepamlo unnaayi. kaveri nadiki upanadi ayina bhawani nadhi, bharatappula nadiki upanadi ayina kuntipula nadhi nissabda loya sameepamlo udbhavistaayi. kaadaalundi nadhi kooda nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanamlo udbhavistundi.
eee jaateeya udyaanavanam bharatadesamloni nairuti kanumala parvata varshaaranyaalu mariyu ushnamandala thematho kuudina satataharita adavulalo chivariga antaraayam kaliginchani praantaalalo okati. uttaraana pratipaadita karimpujhaa jaateeya udyaanavanam () mariyu eshaanyamlo mukurti jaateeya udyaanavanam (78.46 km2) thoo aanukuni, idhi neelagiri jeevaavaranam reserve (1,455.4 km2) yokka pradhana bhaagam, mariyu 2007loe unescoache gurtinchabadina paschima kanumala prapancha vaarasatva pradaesamaina neelagiri upa-samuuhamloo (6,000 + km2) bhaagam.
park yokka jeevavaividhyaanni bedirinchina jalavidyut project pranaalikalu 1970laloe paryaavaranavettala saamaajika udyamaanni prerepinchaayi, dheenini save sailent valley udyamam anie pilustaaru, dheeni phalitamgaa project raddu cheyabadindi mariyu 1980loe park srushtinchabadindi. park kosam sandarsakula kendram sairandhri vadda undhi.
charitra.
nissabda loya praantam yokka pareevaahaka praantaala yokka modati paaschaatya parisoedhana 1857loe vrukshashaastragnudu robbert white chae cheyabadindi. dhwaninche sikadalu lenanduna british vaaru eee praantaaniki nissabda loya anie paeru pettaru. sairandhri yokka aangleekaranaku eee paerunu maroka katha aapaadistundi. moodava katha aneka simha-thoka gala makakla "macaca silenus" unikini suuchistumdi. 
1914loe, nissabda loya praantam yokka adavini rakshita atavee praantamgaa prakatinchaaru. 1927 mariyu 1976 madhya, nissabda loya atavee praantamlooni bhagalu atavee kaaryakalaapaalaku gurayyayi. 1928loe, sairandhri vadda kuntipula nadipai unna pradaesam vidyut utpattiki anuvaina pradaesamgaa gurtinchabadindi, 1958loe eee praantam yokka adhyayanam mariyu survey nirvahinchabadindi mariyu 120 emvi jalavidyut project ruu. 17 kotlu ketaayinchaalani kerala rashtra vidyut boardu pratipaadinchindi.
paryaavarana samasyalu.
nissabda loya simha-thoka gala makakla yokka atipedda janaabhaaku nilayam, idhi antarinchipothunna primate jaathi. vaari aavasaalapai praja vivaadam nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavana sthaapanaku daariteesindi.
1973loe eee loya "save sailent valley" kii kendramgaa maarindi, idhi dasaabdamloo bharatadesapu atyanta teevramaina paryaavarana udyamam, kerala rashtra vidyut boardu kuntipula nadipai aanakattapai kendrikrutamai nissabda loya jalavidyut project (swep) nuu amalu cheyaalani nirnayinchukunnappudu. phalitamgaa erpadina jalaasayam 8.3 chadarapu kilometres varshaaranyaanni varadalu munchettutundi mariyu simha-thoka gala makakku muppu kaligistundi. 1976loe kerala rashtra vidyut boardu anakatta nirmaanaanni praarambhinchae pranaalikalanu prakatinchindi mariyu eee samasyanu prajala drushtiki teesukuvacchaaru. madrasu paamu paarku mariyu madrasu mosali byaanku vyavasthaapakudu romulus vaitekar bahusha chinna mariyu maarumuula praantampai prajala drushtini aakarshinchina modati vyakti.
1985 september 7naa nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanaanni adhikarikamga praarambhinchaaru mariyu sairandhri vadda indiraagaandheeki smaaraka chihnanni aame kumarudu, tadupari pradhani rajeev gandhi aavishkarinchaaru. 1986 septembaru 1naa nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanaanni neelagiri jeevaavarana rakshita praantam yokka pradhana praantamgaa niyaminchaaru. appati nundi, nissabda loya paryaavarana vyavasthanu parirakshinchadaaniki deerghakaalika parirakshana prayatnam chepattaru.
2001loe oka kotta jalavidyut project pratipaadinchabadindi mariyu "myaan verses. kothi charcha punaruddharinchabadindi. pratipaadita anakatta sthalam (64.5 mea etthu mariyu 275 mea podavu) sairandhiri vadda paatha anakatta pradaesaaniki kevalam 3.5 kimmy diguvaku, jaateeya udyaanavanam sarihaddu velupala 500 mea. kerala vidyut mantri paatrakkadavu anakatta (phep) nuu paatha nissabda loya prajectuku "paryaavarana anukuula pratyaamnaayam" anie pilicharu. 1970la (swep) loe 8.3 kimmy2 munigipovadamto poliste phep yokka munigipoye praantam 0.401 kimmy2 takkuvagaa untundani vaadana.
janavari nundi mae 2003 varaku, vegavantamaina paryaavarana prabhava anchanaa (eia) nirvahinchabadindi. november 15naa atavee saakha mantri binoy viswam matladutu, nissabda loya kosam pratipaadita buffer john tvaralo prakatinchabadutundani chepparu.
21 fibravari 2007naa maajee mukhyamantri eah. keey. mantrivarga samavesam taruvaata aantanee vilekarulato matladutu, "nissabda loya pratipaadananu tolaginchinappudu, pooyankutty prajectuku clearance istamani kendram haamii ichindi. ayithe, eee vaagdaanaanni gowravinchaledu. kerala "nissabda loya jala vidyut prajectunu punaruddharinchadampai prabhutvam etuvanti nirnayam teesukoledu".
2007 april 18naa kerala mukhyamantri vs achuthanandan, ayana mantrivargam pathrakkadavu jalavidyut prajectunu aamodinchi, paryaavarana aamodam kosam kendra prabhutvaaniki pampaaru.
buffer john.
jaateeya udyaanavanam chuttoo unna praadaesika adavulu veduru mariyu rekkala velikiteeta vanti aadaaya aadhaarita lakshyalanu saadhinchadaaniki oka kaaryaacharana pranaalikaku lobadi unnaayi, ivi udyaanavanam yokka deerghakaalika parirakshananu prabhaavitam chestaayi. adanamgaa, ganjai ("ganjai sativa") saagu vanti chattaviruddha karyakalapalu aavasala ksheenataku kaaranamayyaayi.
2009 november 21naa, kendra atavee, paryaavarana saakha mantri jairam ramesh, kerala atavee saakha mantri binoy viswam paalakkaadloni nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam rajata jayanti vedukalanu praarambhistuu, eee praantaanni merugaina rakshana kalpinchadaaniki udyaanavanam yokka buffer jonelo antarbhaagamgaa marustamani prakatinchaaru.
2007 juun 6naa kerala mantrivargam buffer john pratipaadananu aamodinchindi. kotta 147.22 km2 jonelo attapadi atavee shreni nundi teesukunna 80.75 km2, mannarkad atavee shreni nundi teesukunna 27.09 km2 mariyu kalikavu atavee shreni nundi 39.38 km2 untaayi mariyu 94 km2 mariyu 54 km2 yokka bhawani atavee paridhini roopondinchadaaniki ekikrutam chesi, jaateeya udyaanavanam yokka prastuta nissabda loya paridhi kindaku teesukuvastaaru. eee praantaanni rakshinchadaaniki 35 mandhi sibbandini, anavai, thudukki vadda bhawani shrenilo rendu kotta atavee kendraalanu kooda mantrimandali manjuru chesindi. atavee mantri benoy viswom matladutu, "eee joneku reserve atavee hodha untundi mariyu eee praantamlooni girijanulu prabhaavitam kaaleru. eee nirnayam paryaavarana parirakshanaku ldf prabhutvam yokka nibaddhatanu punarudghaatinchindi. eee praantam kevalam raashtraaniki matrame kakunda deshaaniki kooda avasaram."
aaa taruvaata eee pratipaadananu kerala vidyut saakha mantriki pampaaru. keey. manarkad atavee vibhagam yokka tenakara shrenilo pratipaadita jaateeya udyaanavanamlooni nairuti buffer jonelo pathraakadavu jalavidyut prajectunu erpaatu cheyavalasina avasaranni baalan vyaktam chesaaru. 2007 mae 9 natiki baalan buffer john pratipaadanapai thana abhiprayanni ivvaledu.
2006 augustulo, kotta atavee mantri, benoy viswam, udyaanavanam yokka pradhana praantam chuttoo 148 chadarapu kilometres buffer john kosam atavee samrakshakudi nundi oka pratipaadananu aamodinchaaru. eee pratipaadana ilaa chebutondih "prapancha prakhyaata nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanaanni anni sambhaavya pramaadaala nundi rakshinchadaaniki jaateeya udyaanavanam chuttoo ventane samarthavanthamaina adavula buffer erpaatu cheyadam chaalaa avasaram. nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam nirvahananu alaage pratipaadita buffer jonnu oke nirvahana godugu kinda teesukuraavadam dwara matrame eee udyaanavanaanni anni pramaadaala nundi rakshinchadam dwara idhi saadhinchavachchu."pratipaadita buffer jonelo kuntipulaaku thoorpuna 94 kimmy2 attappadi reserve forrest untundi mariyu 54 kimmy2 nuu mannarkad shreni mariyu nadiki paschimaana nilambur dakshina vibhagam nundi teesukuntaaru.
janavari 2006loe, kerala maajee atavee mariyu paryaavarana mantri, eah. bharatapula rakshana kamitee, malampula rakshana kamitee, vann erth vann life, jana jagaratha roopondinchina nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam kosam 600 kimmy2 buffer john kosam demandnu prabhutvam pariseelistundani sujanpal chepparu. 1986 park nirvahana pranaalikaloo buffer john pratipaadana cheyabadindi, conny amalu cheyaledu.
1979loe, m.ess. appati vyavasaya saakha karyadarshi swaminathan nissabda loya praantaanni sandarsinchi, keralaloni nissabda loya (89.52 km2), kotta amarambalam (80 km2), attappadi (120 km2) mariyu coimboar (100 km2) rakshita adavulaloni kundatho sahaa 3 89.52 km2 nuu jaateeya varshaaranya jeevaavarana rakshita praantamgaa abhivruddhi cheyaalani suuchimchaaru.
2020 october 27naa prabhutvam musaida notification jaarii chesindi. jaateeya udyaanavanam chuttoo unna praantaanni paryaavarana sunnitamaina praantamgaa prakatinchindi.
bhougolikam.
nissabda loya deerghachaturasraakaaramlo undhi, uttaram nundi dakshinam varaku pannendu kilometres mariyu thoorpu nundi padmara varaku edu kilometres. 11°03 'nundi 11°13' n (akshaamsam) mariyu 76°21 'nundi 76°35' e (rekhaamsam) madhya unna idhi (neelagiri parvataalu) thoorpu mariyu uttara ettaina peethabhoomula nundi paarku yokka uttara chivaralo sispara sikharam (2,206 mea) thoo sahaa adhika nirantara sikharaala dwara vaeru cheyabadindi. eee udyaanavanam kramamga dakshina disagaa palakkad mydaanaala varaku vaalutundi mariyu paschimaana idhi kramarahitamaina sikharaalato sarihaddulugaa undhi. anjinda sikharam vadda 658 mea nundi 2328 mea varaku etthu untundi, conny udyaanavanamlo ekkuva bhaagam 880 mea nundi 1200 mea ettulo untundi. sendriya padaarthaalu baga perukupoyina nityaharita adavulalo neelalu nallaga mariyu koddigaa aamlamgaa untaayi. eee praantamloo antarleena shila skistlu mariyu nees thoo kuudina granite, idhi vaalulapai lomi laterite neelalaku daariteestundi.
nadulu.
kuntipula nadhi uttara nundi dakshinam varaku mottam 15 kilometres podavunu bharatapula nadiloki pravahistundi. kuntipula nadhi eee udyaanavanaanni 2 kilometres vedalpu gala irukaina thoorpu sector mariyu 5 kilometres vedalpu gala paschima sectarga vibhajistundi. eee nadhi daani spashtamaina neeru mariyu shaashwata swabhaavam kaligi untundi. nadhi yokka pradhana upanadulu, kuntancholapula, karingathodu, madrimaramtodu, valiyaparatodu mariyu kummathodu loya thoorpu vaipuna eguva vaalulalo udbhavistaayi. eee nadhi ekareetigaa nissaramga untundi, varada maidaanaalu ledhaa vaalu laevu. daani mancham 12 kimmy dhooramlo 1,861 mea nundi 900 mea varaku padipotundi, chivari 8 kimmy mukhyamgaa 60 mea padipovadamtho samanamga untundi. paschima kanumalalo purugumandulu laeni pareevaahaka praanthamtho kuudina takkuva pravaham kaligina nadulalo kuntipula okati.
vaataavaranam.
mouna loyalo ruthupavanaala samayamlo adhika mottamlo varshapaatam labhistundi, ayithe vaividhyamaina sthalaakruthi kaaranamgaa eee praantamloo vaastava mottam maarutuu untundi. saadhaaranamgaa, adhika ettulo varshapaatam ekkuvagaa untundi mariyu varshapu needa prabhavam kaaranamgaa paschimam nundi thoorpu varaku taggutundi. enimidava saatam varshapaatam juun mariyu september madhya nairuti ruthupavanaala samayamlo sambhavistundi. october mariyu november madhya eshaanya ruthupavanaala samayamlo kooda eee udyaanavanamlo gananeeyamaina varshapaatam namodavutundi.
eee udyaanavanam puurtigaa kondala valayamlo chuttabadi undhi, daani swantha suukshma-vaataavaranaanni kaligi undhi mariyu rendu ruthupavanaala nundi kurise varshapaatamto paatu kontha ushnaprasarana varshapaataanni kooda pondutundi. migilina nelallo, loyanu pogamanchu mukkalu chese vrukshasampadapai ghaneebhavanam varshaaranyamlo utpatti ayye mottam neetilo 15 saatam utpatti chestundani anchanaa.
2006loe, eee udyaanavanamlooni walakkad praantamloo atyadhika vaarshika varshapaatam 9,569.6 mimi namodaindi. 2000loe, eee sankhya 7,788 mimi; 2001loe 8,351.9 mimi; 2004loe 8465.3 mimi; mariyu 2005loe 9,347.8 mimi. loyalo (sairandhri vadda) vaarshika varshapaatam entha?) 2000loe 7,788.8 mm; 2001loe 8,361.9 mm. 2002loe 4,262.5 mm; 2003loe 3,499.65 mm; 2004loe 6,521.27 mm, 2005loe 6,919.38 mm; 2006loe 6,845.05 mm; 2007loe 6,009.35 mm; mariyu 2008loe idhi 4386.5 mm. 2009 aktobaru varaku eee sankhya 5,477.4 mm. 2000 mariyu 2008 madhya eee udyaanavanamlo sagatu vaarshika varshapaatam 6,066 mimi.
sagatu vaarshika ushnograta 20.2 masim. april nelalu atyanta vaedigaa untaayi mariyu sagatu ushnograta 23 masim unnappudu mariyu janavari mariyu fibravari nelalu sagatu ushnograta 18 masim unnappudu challaga untaayi. adhika varshapaatam kaaranamgaa, juun mariyu december madhya saapeksha aardrata sthiramgaa ekkuvagaa (95 saataaniki paiga) untundi.
sthaanika prajalu.
eee loya sthirapadinatlu etuvanti recordulu laevu, conny mudugarh mariyu irula girijana prajalu eee praantaaniki chendinavaaru mariyu attappadi rakshita atavee prakkane unna loyalo nivasistunnaaru. alaage, kurumbar prajalu neelagiri sarihaddulo unna udyaanavanam velupala atyadhika shrenilo nivasistunnaaru.
chaalaa mandhi mudugarh, irula mariyu kurumbarlu ippudu pagati kuuliilugaa mariyu kuuliilugaa panicheestunnaaru. atappady shreniloni 21 girijana kaalaneelalo 16 ganjaayini saagu chestaayi. chaalaa mandhi mudugarlu teevramaina pedarikamlo unnaaru mariyu "ganjamafia" anie pilavabade vaariche sulabhamgaa niyaminchabaddaaru. 2006loe, 21 girijana sthaavaraala nundi 50 mandhi adanapu purushulanu atavee rakshakuluga niyaminchaalani pranaalika cheyabadindi.<reifer paeru = "hinduu 3/12/06"> </reifer>
vrukshajaalam mariyu jantujaalam.
eee udyaanavanam yokka loya praantaalu ushnamandala mariyu upaushnamandala thematho kuudina visaalamaina aakula adavula paryaavarana praantamloo unnaayi. 1, 000 meterla kante ekkuva ettulo unna konda praantaalu nairuti kanumala parvata varshaaranyaala praantamloo unnaayi. 1, 500 meterla kante ekkuva ettulo unna nityaharita adavulu, bahiranga gaddi bhuumulatoe kalisina sholas anie piluvabade kungubatu adavulaku daari teeyadam praarambhistaayi, ivi rendoo paryaavarana saastravettalaku aasakti kaligistaayi, endukante ikkada goppa jeevavaividhyaanni maanava sthaavaraalu eppuduu bhangaparachaledu. aneka antarinchipothunna jaatulu ikkada sthaanikamgaa unnaayi. kotta mokkalu mariyu janthu jaatulu tarachugaa ikkada kanugonabaddayi.
jantujaalam.
pakshulu.
antarjaateeya pakshi jeevitam nissabda loyalo 16 pakshi jaatulanu bedirimpu ledhaa parimitam chesinavigaa jabita chestundih-neelagiri kalapa-pavuram, malabar parakeet, malabar buudida rangu hornbill, tellati boddu gala treppy, buudida-thala gala bulbul, visaala-thoka gala gaddi pakshi, rufus babler, wainad loffing thrush, neelagiri loffing thrush, neelagiri blue rabin, nalupu-mariyu-rafus flycatcher, neelagiri flycatcher, telupu-boddu gala neelam-flycatcher, crimson-backda sunbird mariyu neelagiri paipit. 
ikkada kanipinche arudaina pakshi jaatulalo sealon fragmouth mariyu grate indian hornbill unnaayi. 2006 sheethaakaala pakshi survey, eee udyaanavanam yokka ettaina sikharamaina sispara vadda podavaina kaallunna kotta jaathi raptor bazardnu kanugondi. erra rekkala crested kokila, malabar pied hornbill mariyu laetha haariyartho sahaa iucn redd listlo namodu cheyabadina 10 antarinchipothunna jaatulanu survey kanugondi. eee praantam nalupu mariyu narinja fly catchertho sahaa 15 sthaanika jaatulaku nilayam. nissabda loya praantamloo kottagaa gamaninchina 17 jaatulato sahaa 138 jaatula pakshulanu idhi namodu chesindi. atyanta samruddhiga unde pakshi chadarapu thoka gala bulbul.
ksheeradaalu.
nissabda loyalo kaneesam 34 jaatula ksheeradaalu unnaayi, veetilo bedirimpulaku guraina simha-thoka gala macac, neelagiri langur, malabar diggajam uduta, neelagiri tahar, peshwa byaat ("myotis peshwa") mariyu ventrukala rekkalu gala byaat unnaayi. gabbilalu, elukalu mariyu elukalalo tommidi jaatulu unnaayi.<reifer paeru = "hinduu 7/29/01"> </reifer>
1993 nundi 1996 varaku moodu samvatsaraala paatu nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam mariyu prakkane unna praantaalalo anni dairnal praimaetla pampinhee mariyu janabha adhyayanam cheyabadindi. simha-thoka gala macac yokka padnaalugu dalaalu, neelagiri langur yokka enabhai aidu dalaalu, bonnet macac yokka padihenu dalaalu mariyu hanuman langur yokka edu dalaalu gamaninchabaddaayi. veetilo, neelagiri langur yaadrucchikamgaa pampinhee cheyabadindi, ayithe simha-thoka gala macac dalaalu park yokka dakshina sector varaku parimitam cheyabaddaayi. bonnet makaaklu mariyu hanuman langoorlu appudappudu sandarsakulugaa undevi. nissabda loya adavi sthaanika mariyu antarinchipothunna primates simha-thoka gala macac mariyu neelagiri langoorlaku migili unna atyanta asthiramaina aacharaneeya aavasalalo okatigaa migilipoyindi.
puli, chiruta, chiruta pilli, adavi pilli, saadhaarana thaati sivet, chinna bharatiya sivet, godhuma thaati sivet, erra mungus, chaarala-meda mungus, dhole, panjaalu laeni ootar, slath bair, chinna travancore flying squirell, bharatiya pangolin (scaliator), mullapandi, adavi pandhi, sambar, macchala jinka, morige jinka, eluka jinka, enugu mariyu gaur kooda ikkada nivasistaayi.
keetakaalu.
eee udyaanavanamlo kaneesam 730 gurtinchabadina keetaka jaatulu unnaayi. garishta sankhyalo jaatulu lepidoptera mariyu colioptera shrenulaku chendinavi. aneka vargeekarinchani jaatulu sekarinchabaddaayi mariyu marinta adhyayanalu avasaram.
33 jaatula cricket mariyu midutalu namodu cheyabaddaayi, veetilo okati kottadi. 41 jaatula nijamaina doshaalu (enimidi kottavi) namodu cheyabaddaayi. 10 kotta jaatulato sahaa 128 jaatula beatles namodu cheyabaddaayi.
ikkada 128 jaatula seethaakokachilukalu mariyu 400 jaatula chimmatalu nivasistaayi. 1993loe jarigina oka adhyayanamlo 9 kutumbaalaku chendina seethaakokachilukalu kanugonabaddayi. nymphalidae mariyu papilionidae kutumbaalu garishta sankhyalo jaatulanu kaligi unnaayi. 13 jaatulu dakshina bharatadesaniki sthaanikamgaa unnaayi, veetilo 5 jaatulu rakshita hodaanu kaligi unnaayi.
edu jaatula seethaakokachilukalu vaelaadi seethaakokachilukala mishrama samuuhamloo nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam vaipu valasa ravadam gamaninchabadindi. oka sandarbhamlo oka pariseelakudu eee seethaakokachilukalanu pattukoovadaaniki prayatnistunna aneka pakshulanu gurtinchaaru.
2018 septembarulo bharatiya dragonfly society mariyu atavee mariyu vanyapraanula vibhagam samyuktamgaa nirvahinchina oka sarvelo nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanamlooni buffer jonelo 82 jaatula odonaataanu kanugonnaru. eee jaatulalo "indosticta decanensis", "bermagomphus laelaa", "microgomphus souteri", "onicogomphus nilgirensis", "euphia asamaanata", "ideonics travencorrensis", "megalogomphus hanningtoni" mariyu "lestes dorothea" unnaayi.
inko.
eee udyaanavanamlo kaneesam 500 rakaala endrakaayalu mariyu jatalanu kooda gurtinchaaru.
2016loe modatisaarigaa varninchabadina nissabda loya bush fragg, "rachestes sailent walley", eee udyaanavanam paeru pettabadindi.
vrukshajaalam.
loyaloni vrukshajaalamlo sumaru 1000 jaatula pushpinche mokkalu, 108 jaatula aarkidlu, 100 fernlu mariyu fern mitrulu, 200 liververts, 75 likenlu mariyu sumaru 200 algay unnaayi. eee mokkalalo ekkuva bhaagam paschima kanumalaku chendinavi.
pushpinche mokkalu.
"prastutam ikkada gurtinchina "angiosperm" vrukshajaalamlo 134 kutumbaalaku chendina 966 jaatulu mariyu 599 jaatulu unnaayi. 113 kutumbaalu mariyu 420 jaatulalo 701 "dicotyldonlu" pampinhee cheyabaddaayi. ikkada 215 "monocotyldonlu" 21 kutumbaalu mariyu 139 jaatulalo pampinhee cheyabaddaayi. arudaina, sthaanika mariyu atyanta antarinchipothunna aarkidlu ipsey malabarika, balbofillum sailent vallensis mariyu eria tiyagi, gaddi (56), chikkullu (55), rubiaceae (49) mariyu austers (45) thoo sahaa 108 jaatulato kuudina "aarkidlu" uttamamgaa praatinidhyam vahistunnaayi. elakulu "elateria cardamomum", "nalla miriyalu" piper nigram "," ams "dioscoria esppi vanti aneka arudaina, sthaanika mariyu aardhikamgaa viluvaina jaatulu unnaayi."beans" phasolus sp.", oka tegulu-nirodhaka vari jaathi" oriza pittambi ", mariyu aayurveda vaidyamlo 110 mukhyamaina mokkala jaatulu. nissabda loya nundi edu kotta mokkala jaatulu namodu cheyabaddaayi, veetilo 1996loe "impatians shivarajani", "balsaminesi" yokka kotta jaathi.
chetlu.
simha-thoka gala macac yokka uniki adavilo "kallenia exarillata" pushpinchadampai aadharapadi untundi.
eee loyalo aaru vibhina vruksha sanghaalu vivarinchabaddaayi. moodu dakshina rangaaniki parimitam cheyabaddayi
migilinavi udyaanavanam yokka madhya mariyu uttara bhagalaku parimitam cheyabaddayi
nissabda loya ushnamandala varshaaranyaala yokka 12 mukhyamaina vruksha jaatula sahaja punarutpatti adhyayanam mottam 12 jaatula manchi sahaja punarutpattini choopinchindi. adhyayanam chesina jaatulu "palakviyam ellipticum", "kalenia exarillata", "posiloniurone indikam", "myristica doctyloids", "eliocarpus granthiulosus", "litsey floribunda", "mesuva nagasserium", "cinnamomam malabatrum", "agrostistachis meeboldi", "calophillum paliantham", "garcinia morella" mariyu "octinodafne campanulata".
2001loe ekaraaniki moodu chetlanu empika chesi kattirinchadam valla sumaru 20 chadarapu kilometres nundi 48,000 chadarapu meterla kalapanu kattirinchadam jarigindi.
janyu vanarulu.
maanava charitra antataa adavilo kanipinche janyu nilvalo sumaru 10 saatam ruchikaramaina mariyu ekkuva digubadinicche trunadhaanyaalu, pandlu mariyu kooragayalaga penchabadindi. bhavishyat aahara bhadrata nissabda loya vanti adhika jeevavaividhya aavasala rakshana dwara migilina 90 saatam nilvalanu parirakshinchadampai aadharapadi untundi.
aikar (india) yokka national beuro off plant genetic resources, plant exploration und collection division sailent vyaaleeni bio-diversitylo adhikamainadigaa mariyu recombinant dna aavishkaranalaku mukhyamaina janyu pool vanarugaa gurtinchindi. adavi germplasm vaadakaaniki oka mukhyamaina udaaharana, adhika digubadinicche hybrid vari rakaalaina ir-36 thoo sahaa vistruta varnapata vyaadhi nirodhakata lakshanaala kosam nissabda loyalo kanipinche vari "oriza niwara" (madhya bharatadesam) mariyu oriza pittambi "yokka adavi rakaala nundi janyu empika, ivi asea antataa harita viplavaniki chaalaa varaku baadhyata vahistaayi.
alaage, nissabda loya nundi pondina rhizobacteria yokka mokkala perugudalanu prothsahinche janyu moolyaankanam, iisr 331, nalla miriyalu kotha perugudalanu 228% dwara penchutundani suuchimchimdi mariyu prayogasaala pareekshalalo (inn vitro) saadhaarana mokka endipoye vyaadhi "phytoptora capsy" yokka nirodhakatanu choopinchindi.
savaallu.
atavee agni.
keralalo adavulu edurkontunna pradhana bedirimpulalo agni okati. pasuvulanu meputu panichese prajalu tama pasuvulaku taja gaddi remmalanu pondadaaniki tarachugaa oka praantaanni kaalchivestaaru, mukhyamgaa podi kaalamlo agni pramaadam ekkuvagaa unnappudu. alaage, ganjai saagu, vaeta, chetla narikiveta, kalapa laeni atavee utpattula (enn. tii. eff. pii) sekarana mariyu chaalaa tarachugaa nirlakshyamgaa paryatakulu mariyu yaatrikulu vanti akrama karyakalapalu pedda atavee mantalaku kaaranamavutaayi.
ganjai saagu.
nissabda loya bharatadesamloni atipedda akrama ganjai thotalaku nilayam. eee adavulalo saampradaaya thotalalo ganjai okati mariyu jeevanopaadhi kosam 'ganjai aardhika vyavastha' paie aadhaarapade prajalu unnaaru. irula, mudugaa mariyu kurumba (mukhyamgaa chivaridi) vanti tegalu tama charitralo ellappuduu ganjaayini pandinchaayi. nissabda loyalo saagu chese vittanaalu laeni ganjai rakanni "sairandri" anie pilustaaru mariyu daani naanhyataku antarjaateeyamgaa prasiddhi chendindi.
maajee adanapu pradhana karyadarshi madhava maynon prakaram, ikkada saagu chese ganjai prapanchamlone atyuttamamainadi mariyu prapanchavyaaptamgaa vikrayinchabadutundi. nagadu panta akrama saagu kosam ganjai mafia atappady kondalalo nissabda loya buffer jonlatho sahaa vandala ekaraala satataharita ushnamandala adavulanu kattirinchindi. april 2006 natiki atappady adavula nundi ganjai saagunu vaeruchaeyaalani atavee saakha oka pratishtaatmaka pranaalikanu kaligi undhi.
maavovaadula uniki.
2014 decemberlo mukali vadda unna nissabda loya jaateeya udyaanavanam yokka ticket counterpy maavovaadula brundam daadi chesindi. appati nundi akkada pratyeka pooliisu brundam moharinchabadindi, conny girijana thoorpu keralalo maavovaadula samuuhaala perugutunna prabhavam teevra aandolana kaligistondi.

