
natsume soseki

janminchina ayana oka japanese navala rachayita. ayana thana navalalu "cocoro", "botchan", "ii yaam eah catt", "kusamakura" mariyu asampoorna rachana "light und dark" laku prapanchavyaaptamgaa prasiddhi chendaaru. athanu british saahityam yokka panditudu mariyu haiku, "kanshi" mariyu adbhuta kathala rachayita kooda. 1984 nundi 2004 varaku, athani chitram japanese 1,000 yenn notlo mundu bhaagamlo kanipinchindi.
prarambha samvatsaraalu.
natsume kinnosuke 1867 fibravari 9naa babashita, ushigom, edo (prastuta kikui, shinjuku, tokyo) pattanamlo janminchaadu, graama adhipati ("natsushi") natsume kohe naakaatsu mariyu athani bhaarya chee yokka aidava kumarudu. athani tandri, saktivantamaina mariyu dhanavanthudaina "nanushi", edo loe eusigome nundi takadanobaba varaku mottam bhoomini kaligi unnadu mariyu chaalaa poura vyajyalanu thana inti vaddane nirvahinchevaadu. athanu sengoku kaalam naati samuray mariyu tokugava iyasu yokka nilupudaladaaru ayina natsume yoshinobu yokka varasudu. thana jeevitamlo nalabhai samvatsaraala vayassulo thana talliki, aapai yaabhai moodu samvatsaraala vayassulo janminchina oka avaanchita biddaga soki thana jeevitaanni praarambhinchaadu. athanu janminchinappudu, ataniki appatike aiduguru thobuttuvulu unnaaru. aiduguru pillalu mariyu oka pasipapa kaligi undatam valla kutumba abhadrata erpadindi mariyu konni vidhaluga notsume kutumbaaniki avamanamga undhi. pillalu laeni janta, sheobara masanosuke mariyu athani bhaarya, 1868loe atanni dattata teesukuni, tommidella vayassu varaku, aaa janta vidaakulu teesukune varaku penchaaru. athanu thana jeevasambandhamaina kutumbaaniki tirigi vacchaadu mariyu athani tandri visugugaa bhaavinchinappatikii athani talli ataniki swaagatam palikindi. ayana padnaalugu samvatsaraala vayasulo ayana talli maraninchindi, 1887loe ayana iddaru pedda sodarulu maraninchaaru, idhi ayana abhadrata bhavanni teevrataram chesindi.
soseki modati tokyo middle schoollo (ippudu hibia haiskool) chadivaadu, akkada athanu chainees saahityamto lothugaa aakarshitulayyaadu, mariyu edho oka roeju rachayita kaavacchani bhaavinchaadu. rachayita kavalane korika ayana padihenu samvatsaraala vayassulo thana annayyaku saahityampai thana aasakti gurinchi cheppinappudu talettindi. ayithe, athani kutumbam eee charyanu teevramgaa vyatirekinchindi, mariyu 1884 septembarulo soseki tokyo imperial vishwavidhyaalayamlo pravesinchinappudu, adhi vaastusilpi kavalane uddesyamto jarigindi. athanu chainees classiclanu ishtapadinappatiki, japanese kalasalalo inglish avasaram kaavadamtho, thana bhavishyat kereerlo idhi tanaku upayogakaramgaa undavacchani bhaavinchi, aaa samayamlo inglish adhyayanam cheyadam praarambhinchaadu.
1887loe, saseki thana snehitudu masaka shikini kalusukunnadu, athanu rachayita kaavadaaniki prothsaaham istaadu, idhi chivariki athani vruttigaa untundi. haiku compose chese kalalo shiki ataniki sikshana icchaadu. eee samayam nundi, athanu "mondi pattudalagala" anie ardham vachhe chainees bhaashalooni "soseki" anae visaeshanhamtoe thana kavitalapai santakam cheyadam praarambhinchaadu. 1890loe ayana aangla saahitya vibhaagamlo pravesinchi, twaragaa aangla bhaashalo praaveenyam pondaaru. 1891loe ayana appati aangla saahitya professor james maine dickson abhyardhana meraku shaastreeya rachana "hojoki" yokka pakshika aangla anuvaadaanni roopondinchaaru. soki 1893loe pattabhadrudayyaadu, kontakaalam tokyo saadhaarana paatasaalalo graduate vidyaarthigaa mariyu paart time upadhyayudiga cheraadu.
1895loe, soki shikokuloni matsuyama middle schoollo bodhinchadam praarambhinchaadu, idhi taruvaata athani navala "botchan" nepathyam ayindi. thana bodhanaa vidhulanu nirvartinchadamtho paatu, soseki aneka vaartaapatrikalu mariyu patrikalalo haiku mariyu chainees kavitvaanni prachurinchaadu. athanu 1896loe thana padaviki rajinama chesi, kumamotoloni aidava unnata paatasaalalo bodhinchadam praarambhinchaadu. aaa samvatsaram juun 10naa, athanu nakaane kyokonu vivaham chesukunnadu.
united kingdamlo, 1900-1902.
1900loe, japan prabhutvam "japan yokka modati japanese aangla saahitya panditudu" gaa grate britainlo adhyayanam cheyadaaniki saskeeni pampindi. athanu cambridgenu sandarsinchi, akkada oka raatri basa chesaadu, conny thana prabhutva scholarshippai daanini bharinchalenanduna vishwavidhyaalayamlo chaduvukovalane aalochananu vadulukunnadu. badulugaa athanu university college london (ucl) loe chaduvukunnadu. athanu londonlo chaalaa durbharamaina samayanni gadipadu, thana rojullo ekkuva bhaagam pustakaalalo khananam cheyabaddaadu, mariyu athani snehitulu athanu thana manasu kolpovachani bhayapaddaru. athanu skaatlaandlooni pitlochreeni kooda sandarsinchaadu, akkada athanu dundarach hotels zaan henry dixontho basa chesaadu.
athanu naalugu ververu basa sthalaalalo nivasinchaaduh british museum sameepamlo 76 gover veedhi; 85 priory road, west hampstead; 6 floaden road, camberwell; mariyu 81 chaze, clapum (chaayaachitram chudandi). eee chirunamalalo chivaridi matrame, athanu prissilla leal mariyu aame sodari elizabeth vadda basa chesinappudu, santruptikaramgaa niroopinchabadindi. aidu samvatsaraala taruvaata, "bungakuron" ("saahityam yokka vimarsha") kuu thana mundumaatalo, athanu aaa kaalam gurinchi rasadu
saahityam patla thana premanu panchukunna prissillaatho ayana baga kalisipooyaaru, mukhyamgaa shakespeare mariyu milton (ucl vadda athani bodhakudu shakespeare panditudu doubleu. zhe. kraig), mariyu athanu anargalamgaa french kooda matladevadu, athani prasamsalaku chaalaa ekkuva. leals oka chaanal dveepa kutumbam, mariyu prissilla fraanslo janminchindi. sodareemanulu soseki yokka prarambha manasika rugmata gurinchi aandolana chendaaru mariyu marinta bayataku velli saikling chepattamani atanni vijayavantamgaa koraru.
thana pedarikam, ontaritanam mariyu manasika peedanam unnappatikee, athanu eee kaalamlo aangla saahityam gurinchi thana gnaanaanni ekikrutam chesi, december 1902loe united kingdamnu vidichipetti, janavari 1903loe japan saamraajyaaniki tirigi vacchaadu. eprillo athanu tokyoloni modati jaateeya kalaasaalaku niyaminchabaddaadu. alaage, aayanaku aangla saahityamlo upanyaasaalu ivvabaddaayi, taruvaata koijumi yakumo (lafadio horn) sthaanamlo, chivariki tokyo imperial vishwavidhyaalayamlo aangla saahityam yokka professor ayyaru, akkada ayana saahitya siddhaantam mariyu saahitya vimarsalanu bodhinchaaru.
saahitya vrutti.
1903loe athanu haiku, "regku" (haiku-shaili anusandhaana padyam), "haitishi" (oka sett theempai anusandhaaninchabadina padyam) mariyu pramukha "hotogisu" vanti saahitya patrikalaku saahitya rekhaachitraalanu andinchadam praarambhinchinappudu, athani saahitya jeevitam praarambhamaindi, dheenini athani maajee guruvu masaka shiki savarinchaaru, taruvaata takahama kyoshi chae savarinchaaru. ayithe, 1905loe ayana raasina vyangya navala "ii yaam eah catt" prajala prasamsalu, vimarsakula prasamsalu andukundi.
athanu 1905loe "london tooe" ("london tower"), 1906loe "botchan" ("little master"), "kusamakura" ("grass dindu") vanti navalalatho eee vijayanni saadhinchaadu, idhi athani pratishtanu sthaapinchindi, idhi 1907loe "asahi shimbun" thoo oka sthaanam kosam vishwavidhyaalayamlo thana padavini vadiliveyadaaniki mariyu puurti samayam rayadam praarambhinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. ayana rachanalalo ekkuva bhaagam japanese samskruti mariyu paaschaatya samskruti madhya sambandhaanni vivaristaayi. mukhyamgaa athani prarambha rachanalu londonlo athani adhyayanaalache prabhaavitamayyaayi; athani navala "kairo-koo" japanese bhaashalo arthurian puraanam yokka mottamodati mariyu ekaika pradhana gadya chikitsa. 1916loe kadupu pullu kaaranamgaa maraninchadaaniki oka samvatsaram mundu ayana oka navala rayadam praarambhinchaaru. ayana maraninchina taruvaata, ayana medadu mariyu kadupu tokyo vishwavidhyaalayaaniki viraalamgaa ivvabaddaayi, mariyu ayana medadu akkada oka namoonaga bhadraparachabadindi.
aardhika kashtalaku vyatiraekamgaa poraadutunna saadhaarana prajalu, vidhi mariyu korikala madhya sangharshana (saampradaaya japanese theem; giri chudandi), vidheyata mariyu samuuha manastatvam verses swechcha mariyu vyaktitvam, vyaktigata ontaritanam mariyu vibhedaalu, japan yokka vegavantamaina paarisraamikeekarana mariyu daani saamaajika parinaamaalu, paaschaatya samskrutini japan avamaaninchadam mariyu maanava swabhaavam gurinchi niraasaavaada drukpatham vantivi soseki rachanalalo pradhana itivruttaalu. shirakaba" (white birch) saahitya samuuham rachayithalalo soseki balamaina aasaktini kanabarichadu. ayana chivari samvatsaraallo, akutagava runosuke, kume masao vanti rachayitalu ayana sishyulugaa ayana saahitya sailini sannihitamgaa anusarinchevaaru ayyaru.
vaarasatvam.
21va sataabdamloo, sasky patla prapanchavyaaptamgaa aasakti udbhavinchindi. 2001 nundi, soseki yokka "cocoro" arabic, slovenian mariyu dutch vanti 10 bhaashalalo kottagaa prachurinchabadindi. japaanlo atyadhikamgaa ammudaina "bankoban" gaa kooda "cocoro" gurtimpu pondindi, 2016 natiki desamlo edu million kaapeelaku paiga ammudayyayi.
dakshina korealo, soki yokka sudeergha rachanala puurti sekarana 2013loe prachurinchabadatam praarambhinchindi. aanglam matlade deshaalalo 2008 nundi aangla anuvaadaalu varusaga jarigaayi. athani 60 rachanalu 30 kante ekkuva bhaashalaloki anuvadinchabaddaayi. prapancha aasakti aavirbhaavaaniki kaaranaalu kontavaraku haruki murakami kaaranamani cheppabadindi, athanu soseki thana abhimaana japanese rachayita anie cheppadu. seagaquin vishwavidyaalayam principal ayina raajakeeya shaastravetta kaang sang-jung matladutu, "soseki eee roeju manam edurkontunna samasyalanu anchanaa vaesaadu. aayanaku nagarikatapai deerghakaalika drukpatham undedi."bhavishyattulo ayana prajaadarana marinta prapanchavyaaptamgaa maarutundani kooda ayana annaru.
2016loe, soseki maranam yokka shatabdi, tokyoloni nishogakusha vishwavidyaalayam, osaakaa vishwavidhyaalayamloni robotics parisoedhakudu hiroshi ishiguroku sahakarinchi, soseki yokka robotic android versionnu roopondinchindi. soseki manavadu, fusanosuke natsume, 45 samvatsaraala vayassulo sosekini chithreekarinchina 130 sem. mea. bommaku gaatradaanam chesaadu. robot saahityamlo vidyaarthula aasaktini nimagnam cheyadaaniki oka maargamgaa vishwavidhyaalayamlo soseki rachanala upanyaasaalu mariyu paaraayanalu ichindi.
2017loe, soseki puttina 150 samvatsaraala ghnaapakaartham, asahi biir oyamazaki villa museum off art, villa kosam paerlanu suuchistuu soseki raasina lekhanu pradarsinchindi. aaa inti yajamani shataro kaagaato soseki manchi sambandhaalu kaligi unnadu, athanu aaa intiki paeru pettamani adigadu. 1917loe poortikaakamunde soseki maraninchaadu. pradarsana samayamlo soseki diary kooda pradarsinchabadindi. juun 2019loe, retired professor ikuvo sunamimatsu united kingdamlo rachayita jeevitaaniki ankitam chesina surreloni soseki museumnu tirigi terichaaru. eee museum modata 1982loe londonlo praarambhinchabadindi, conny adhika nirvahana kharchulu mariyu haajaru raetu taggadam valla 2016loe moosiveyabadindi. eee sekaranalo anuvaada rachanalu, londonlo soseki basa nundi sekarinchina pustakaalu mariyu patrikalu mariyu janabha lekkala recordulatho sahaa 10,000 kii paiga vastuvulu unnaayi.
loe oka paatragaa soseki kanipistaadu, akkada athanu londonlo unna samayamlo oka mahilanu vennumukalo podichinatlu abhiyogaalu mopabaddadu mariyu kathaanaayakudu daanini samarthinchaadu. aatalo, ataniki vagahoy anae pempudu pilli undhi, idhi "neenu oka pilli" anie suuchistumdi. athanu seakwell 'loe kooda kanipistaadu, akkada athanu londonlo oka vyakti vishaprayogam chesinanduku abhiyogaalu mopabaddadu, alaage japaanlo jarige hatyaku sakshiga kanipistaadu. maangaa mariyu anime "bangou veedhi kukkalu" loe, oka paatra paeru pettabadindi mariyu soseki chuttoo aadharapadi untundi. adhe paerutoe unna thana navalaku nivaalularpistuu, soseki paatra 'ii yaam eah catt' saamarthyaanni upayogistundi, idhi atanni kaaliko pilliga maarchadaaniki anumatistundi.
pradhana panulu.
soseki yokka pradhana rachanalalo ivi unnaih

