
puliyabettina tii

puliyabettina tii (puliyabettina tarvaata tii ledhaa dark tii anie kooda pilustaaru) anedi aneka nelala nundi chaalaa samvatsaraala varaku suukshmajeevula puliyabettadaaniki guraina tii yokka oka taragati. eee prakriyaloo theyaaku aakulu thema mariyu praanavaayuvuku gurikavadam valla endo-aakseekarana (theyaaku-aaku enjaimla nundi udbhavinchinadi) mariyu exo-aakseekarana (suukshmajeeva utprerakam) kooda erpadataayi. tii aakulu mariyu vaati nundi tayarayye madyam aakseekaranhatho muduru ranguloki marutayi. anduvalla, chaina antataa utpatti ayye vividha rakaala puliyabettina teelanu dark tii anie kooda pilustaaru, block teatho ayomayam chendakandi. atyanta prasiddha puliyabettina tii yunnan provincelo utpatti cheyabadutundi.
tii aakula puliyabettadam vaati rasayana saastraanni maarustundi, vaati nundi tayaaraina tii yokka organoleptic lakshanaalanu prabhaavitam chestundi. puliyabettadam tii vasananu prabhaavitam chestundi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa daani ruchini mingutundi, noti anubhooti mariyu ruchini meruguparustune sankocham mariyu chedunu taggistundi. suukshmajeevulu aarogya prayojanaalato kuudina jeevakriyalanu kooda utpatti cheyavachu. adanamgaa, eethail carbamate (yurethen) vanti padaarthaalu utpatti kaavacchu.
puliyabettadam pradhanamgaa acchula dwara jarugutundi. "aspergillus niger" eee prakriyaloo pradhana suukshmajeevula jeevigaa chikkukundi, conny aaa jaathi gurtimpunu samagra pcr-dgge vislaeshanha dwara savaalu chesaaru, idhi "aspergillus lutuensis" nuu puliyabettadaaniki praathamika agentga suuchistumdi.
puliyabettina tii yokka chaalaa rakalu daani muulam ayina chainaalo utpatti cheyabadataayi, aneka rakalu korea mariyu japaanlalo kooda utpatti cheyabadataayi. mayanmar loe, lahapet anedi puliyabettina tii yokka oka roopam, dheenini kooragayaga tintaaru, mariyu ilanti ooragaaya teelanu uttara thailand mariyu dakshina yunnanlalo kooda tintaaru ledhaa namalutaru.
charitra.
dark tii yokka prarambha charitra aspashtamgaa undhi, conny aneka puraanaalu mariyu konni viswasaneeya siddhaantaalu unnaayi.
udaaharanaku, varshakalamlo tii caravans dwara silk road mariyu tii roadlapy dark teany anukokunda modata utpatti chesinatlu oka puraanam perkondi. tii varshamlo nanabettinappudu, theyaaku ravaanaadaarulu kalushyam bhayamtho daanini vidichipettaru. marusati samvatsaram, sameepamloni gramalu virechanaalato badhapaddayi, mariyu niraasatoe vidichipettina booju teany taagaalani nirnayinchukunnaayi. eee tii baadhapadutunnavaarini nayam chesi, twaragaa prachuryam pondindani puraanam teelchindi.
marinta chaaritraka vruttaamtaalu 15va mariyu 16va sataabdaalaloo ming raajavamsam nundi dark tii modati utpattini aapaadinchaayi. hohn mariyu tibeton saamskrutika praantaala chaaritraka sarihaddula vembadi, puraanaala kante chaalaa mundugaane tii vyaapaarulu dheenini modata vyaparam chesi undavacchu.
rakalu.
puliyabettina teelanu avi elaa utpatti avtayo batti vibhajinchavachhu. chainees post-fermented tealu mariyu japaanlo utpatti cheyabadina toyama vanti piled tealu saapekshamgaa podi paristhitulalo sahajamgaa sambhavinche phangasto puliyabettabadataayi. ooravesina tealu anie piluvabade itara puliyabettina tealu, lactic assid bacteriatho tadi prakriyaloo puliyabettabadataayi. ooravesina teelalo thailand mariyu japan nundi unnaayi. japanese mariyu ishizuchi thoo sahaa moodava vargam, varusakramgaa piled mariyu ooragaaya paddhathulatho puliyabettabadutundi.
chaina.
puliyabettina tii chainaalo udbhavinchindi, ikkada dheenini saadhaaranamgaa () ledhaa dark tii anie pilustaaru. chainaalooni aneka praantaalalo, ekkuvagaa vecchani dakshina provinceulalo utpatti cheyabadutundi. idhi saadhaaranamgaa vruddhaapyam kosam itukalu ledhaa keklalo nokkabadutundi.
atyanta prasiddha mariyu mukhyamaina utpatti praantaalu mariyu rakaalu
akaaraalu unnaih
japan.
japaanlo puliyabettina tii yokka aneka vibhina rakalu utpatti cheyabadataayi. toyama prefecture japan yokka ekaika piled tii, idhi chainees post-puliyabettina teela maadirigaane untundi. saampradaaya tii vedukalo maadirigaa neetilo mariginchi, uppu vesi, mixito kadilinchadam dwara toyamanu saampradayakamgaa tayaaru chestaaru. dheenini mataparamaina sandarbhaallo ledhaa prefectureloni asahi praantamloo samavesala samayamlo viniyogistaaru. (), tokushima prefecturelo utpatti cheyabadutundi, mariyu, asaahitoe anubandhinchabadina toyama maadirigaane, toyama, bacteria puliyabettadamtho ledhaa rendava flush tii aakula nundi tayaaru cheyabadutundi. vitamin bii kaligi unnatlu kanugonabadindi, conny maanava aahaaramlo chaalaa takkuva mottamlo untundi. () toyo nundi, ehim prefectureloni mount ishizuchi diguvana perige kochi mariyu ishizuchi teany rendu dasala prakriyaloo puliyabettadam dwara tayaaru chestaaru, modata aerobic sileendhraalatoo, taruvaata vaayurahita bacteriatho.
korea.
 (), dheenini () anie kooda pilustaaru, idhi puurva-aadhunika korealo atyanta saadhaaranamgaa utpatti cheyabadina mariyu viniyoginche tii rakam. randhraalatho tayaaru chesina teany (), (), ledhaa () anie pilicheevaaru. "borim-chaa" () ledhaa (), daani janmasthalam paeru pettabadindi, dakshina geola provinceloni junghengloni borim aalayam, oka prasiddha rakam.
tinadagina ooragaaya tii.
tii yokka prarambha charitra aspashtamgaa unnappatikee, satabdaalugaa prajalu tii akulanu namalutunnarani nirdhaarinchabadindi. nedu chaalaa takkuva mandhi prajalu namaladam ledhaa tinadam dwara tii taagadam konasagistunnaru. 
uttara thaylandlo, miang () anie piluvabade ooravesina tii utpattini uddeepanagaa namalutaru. vaayurahita puliyabettadam kaavalasina ruchitho kuudina compact keknu utpatti chese varaku aavirilo unna tii akulanu sealed veduru buttalalo nokkutaaru. puliyabettadaaniki chinna aakulaku naalugu nundi edu rojulu mariyu paripakva aakulaku oka samvatsaram padutundi. miang thaay mariyu laavo streat snack miang khamm kuu sambandhinchinadi.
lahpet anie piluvabade ooravesina teany barmis vantakaalalo vistrutamgaa viniyogistaaru mariyu barmis aachara samskrutilo mukhyamaina paatra poeshistumdi. puliyabettina taruvaata, teany kooragayalaga tintaaru.
chainaalooni yunnaanlooni mayammar mariyu lavos sarihaddulo unna jishuvangbanna yokka blang prajalu idhe vidhamaina ooragaaya teany tintaaru. sthaanikamgaa miam anie mariyu chainees bhaashalo () anie piluvabade teany modata veduru gottaalalo pyaak chesi, aapai khananam chesi, tine mundu puliyabettadaaniki anumatistaaru.
utpatti.
chaalaa puliyabettina tealu viniyogaaniki siddhamgaa marketloki ravu. badulugaa, avi green tii ledhaa paakshikamgaa aakseekarana chendina oolang lanty teelugaa praarambhamavutaayi, ivi nemmadigaa aakseekarana chendadaaniki mariyu chaalaa samvatsaraalugaa suukshmajeevula puliyabettadaaniki anumatinchabadataayi (neelamaaligaloo paatavigaa vikrayinche vainlatho polchavachhu). pratyamnaayamgaa, shu puer maadirigaa, chaalaa nelala paatu saage pandina prakriya dwara puliyabettina teelanu twaragaa tayaaru cheyavachu. eee pandadam composting maadirigaane niyantrita prakriya dwara jarugutundi, ikkada tii yokka thema mariyu ushnogratanu jagrattagaa paryaveekshistaaru. utpatti "puurtayimdi" puliyabettina tii.
puliyabettina teelanu saadhaaranamgaa itukalu, diskulu, ginnelu ledhaa puttagodugulato sahaa vividha aakaaraala sampeedana teaga vikrayistaaru. pandina tealu vadulugaa unnappudu pandutaayi, taruvaata kudinchabadataayi. puliyabettina teelanu vaati ruchini meruguparachadaaniki chaalaa samvatsaraalu paatavigaa cheyavachu, mallii vainlatho polchavachhu. mudi tii naanhyata taggakunda konni sandarbhaallo 50 samvatsaraala varaku undavacchu, mariyu pandinadi 10 ledhaa 15 samvatsaraala varaku undavacchu. nipunulu mariyu autsaahikulu saraina vayassu gurinchi vibhedistunnaru.
chaalaa mandhi tibetanlu mariyu madhya aseanlu kaalareelu mariyu suukshmapooshakaala aaharamgaa puliyabettina teany upayogistaaru, yaak venna, chakkera mariyu upputho udikinchi yaak venna tii tayaaru chestaaru.
vruddhaapyam mariyu nilva.
puliyabettina tarvaata tii saadhaaranamgaa vayassutho marinta viluvainadigaa maarutundi. dark tii tarachugaa veduru buttalu, veduru-aaku kappulu ledhaa daani asalu packaginglo paatadi.
muduru tii yokka aneka rakalu konni sileendhraala perugudalanu prothsahinchadaaniki thematho kuudina vaataavaranamloo uddeshapoorvakamgaa paatavi, tarachugaa prakaasavantamaina pasupu rangu kaaranamgaa "bangaaru puvvulu" ledhaa () anie pilustaaru.

