
viveen goon verdane

saadhaaranamgaa "vivi" anie piluvabade violet vvinne goonewarden (,; 18 september 1916-3 october 1996), srilanka valasavaada vyatiraeka kaaryakarta mariyu pramukha raajakeeyavetta, prapanchamlooni modati mahilaa mantrulalo okarigaa panicheesaaru. bhaarata swaatantrya udyamam mariyu srilanka swaatantrya udyamam rendintiloonuu keelaka vyakti ayina goonewardene, aleena vedikapai pramukha sabhyuralu, akkada aame grahinchina anyaayaalaku vyatiraekamgaa poraadaaru mariyu united states spaansar chesina madhyapraachya doutyaanni vimarsinchaaru. srilankaku chendina modati mariyu ippati varaku ekaika mahilaa jaateeya kathaanaaika gunnevardhane. aame maranam natiki, aame vaamapakshaala atyanta saktivantamaina vyaktulalo okaru, mariyu srilanka vamapaksha udyamamlo agrashreni mahilaa vyakti.
raacharika anukuula sampradaayavaadula sampanna kutumbamlo janminchina gunnevardhane, madhyamika paatasaalalo unnappudu, saamraajyavaada vyatiraeka suurya-maall udyamamlo paalgoni, grahinchina anyaayaalaku vyatiraekamgaa poraadaaru. 1934 malaria mahammari samayamlo aame swachchandamgaa panicheesaaru, aaa samayamlo aame paedalaloe prabalamaina poeshakaahaara lopaanni chusindi. aame tandri unnata vidyanu abhyasinchadaaniki anumatinchakapoyinappatiki, aame tallitandrulu phillip mariyu robbert gunavardhane, vishwavidhyaalayaaniki haajaru kaavadaaniki aameku sahayam chesaaru, akkada aame tarachugaa kriyaaseelataloo paalgonevaaru. ikkade aame 1935loe srilanka modati raajakeeya party ayina lanka samaja paarteeni sthaapinchina thana bhartha lessie goonevardanenu kalisaaru.
thana raajakeeya jeevitamlo, aame lanka samaja party aavirbhavamlo keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru. rendava prapancha yuddham prarambhamainappudu, goondavardhane tappudu paerutoe bharatadesaniki paaripovadam dwara arrestunu tappinchukunnadu. akkada, aame quit india udyamamlo munigipoyindi, 1947loe britton nundi bharatadesaniki swaatantryam vachindi. srilankaku tirigi vacchina taruvaata, 1948loe britton nundi srilankaku swaatantryam pondadamlo aame pedda paatra pooshinchindi. 1940la nundi 1960la varaku, srilanka samaja party srilanka pradhana pratipaksha partyga undedi mariyu 1960laloe, party modati mahilaa pradhanini teesukuvacchina vaari ennikala bhaarii vijayam dwara united front kuutamiki naayakatvam vahinchindi. goonewardene pramukha paarlamentu sabhyuraligaa, 1949 nundi aame maranam varaku aall seylan lokal governament workers union adhyakshuraligaa panicheesaaru. dheeni dwara, goonevardane banking, vidya, parisrama, media mariyu vaanijya rangaalalo samsthalanu jaateeyam cheyadam dwara maajee british kaalanee ayina selaannu soshalistu republicga samskarinchadaaniki prayatninchaadu.
prarambha jeevitam mariyu raajakeeya prarambhalu.
goonewarden 1916 september 18naa kolambo loe violet vivien goonetilleke gaa janminchaaru. daa. kuu janminchina aiduguru pillalalo aame peddadi. nirantara british palananu vishwasinche raacharika anukuula sampradaayavaadi daan allenson goonatillake mariyu athani bhaarya emily angeline gunavardhane. vaidyudigaa, aame tandri tarachugaa selan looni vividha praantaalaku badilee cheyabaddaaru. aameku prasavinchadaaniki sahayapadina french narsu paeru meeda aameku vivien anie paeru pettaru. goonewardene thana prarambha yavvananni thana tandri unna maarumuula graamamaina tisamaharamaalo gadiparu.
goonewardene talli taata, daan jacolese roopsinghe gunavardhane, valasa paalanalo graama adhipatigaa panichesina sampanna bhuswamy. athanu sthaanikulachae "boralugoda ralahami" gaa piluvabaddadu; idhi athanu boralugoda graamaaniki adhipati ledhaa ramahami kavadam valla vachindi. 20va sataabdam praarambhamlo bouddha punarujjeevanamlo ayana nayakudu, 1915 naati simhala-muslim allarlalo palgone saakutho governor general robbert chalmers chetha khaidu cheyabadina vaarilo okaru. praantiiya jaateeyavaada nayakulanu nirmuulinchadaaniki mariyu allarla nundi udbhavinchakundaa saadhyamayye swaatantrya udyamaanni anachiveyadaaniki chalmers chesina prayatnamgaa, kontavaraku, raamaahaamiki maranasiksha vidhinchabadindi. prajala agraham taruvaata governor general eee sikshanu taruvaata tagginchaaru, ayinappatikee british paalanapai ralahami yokka balapadina asammatiki daariteesindi; idhi vivien meeda pradarsinchabadindi. goonevardhane talli ammamma, siene koraleku chendina gunasekhara hamin kooda apaaramaina sampada mariyu bhuswamya kuleenula nundi vacchaaru. hamin aame yavvanamlo vivienpai pedda prabhavam choopindi; aame hodha unnappatikee, vaidya nipunulu lekapovadam valla, hamin vyaktigatamgaa aame nidhulu samakuurchina bhavanamlo prati bidda puttukalo sahaayapadutundi.
vidya mariyu prarambha kriyaaseelata.
aame tallidandrulu aamenu boarding paatasaalaku pampadaaniki angeekarinchaaru, tadwara aameku manchi vidyanu andinchadaaniki veelu kalpinchaaru. goonevardhane kolambo looni oka private baalikala paatasaala ayina musius kalasalalo chaduvukunnaru. akkada, aame 1933loe pradhana balikaga ennikayyaaru. paatasaalalo aame sthaanam unnappatikee, vivien adhikaranni dhikkarinchinanduku prasiddhi chendindi. musius kalasalalo chaduvutunnappudu rajakeeyaalapai aameku aasakti perigindi.
suurya-maall udyamam mariyu 1934 malaria antuvyaadhi.
pradhana ammayiga panichestunnappudu, aame suurya-mull udyamamlo lothugaa paalgondi. eee udyamam yuddha viramana dinotsavam (november 11) naa gasagasala ammakaala dwara vachhe aadaayaanni british maajee sainikula prayojanam kosam upayoginchadaanni nirasistuu, selonese maajee sainikulaku haani kaliginche nirasanaga undedi. taruvaati vaarilo okaru, mister. elean perera adhe rojuna suurya puvvula pratyarthi ammakalanu praarambhinchindi. prati ammakam nundi vachhe aadaayam avasaramaina selonese maajee sainikulaku sahayam cheyadaaniki ketayinchabadindi. 1931loe suurya puvvu ammakam praarambhamainappatiki, 1933 natiki dakshina kolambo yooth leag choravatho november 11naa gasagasalaku badulugaa daani ammakam praarambhinchabadindi. eee udyamamlo "baanisatvam mariyu paedarikaaniki vyatiraekamgaa mariyu swechcha mariyu sreyassu kosam" anae ninaadam undhi.
1934loe gurthu dinaana, goondavardhane thana paatasaalalooni suurya puvvunu vidyaarthulu mariyu upaadhyaayulaku vikrayinchaaru. idhi vidyaarthulatho puurti vijayam saadhinchindani, conny paatha tharamtho sagam matrame vijayam saadhinchindani aame paerkonnaaru. eee saamuuhika-jaateeyavaada pracharam dwarane lanka samaja party (lss pii) taruvaata sthaapinchabadindi. vvinne marinta munduku velli, thoti vidyaarthulu tama vaayidya pettelanu block bordula paina mariyu 11.00 a vadda unchadaaniki daariteesindi.emm. veetini kuulchivaeyadaaniki, tadupari shabdamtho laanchanapraayamaina tupaki vandanam musugu.
1934 vipattula samayamlo suurya-maall udyamam vistrutamgaa swachchandamgaa munduku vachindi. karuvu kaaranamgaa 3 million bushels vari korata erpadindi; varadalu, october nundi; mariyu malaria antuvyaadhi, kaneesam 1,25,000 maranaalatoe prajalanu prabhaavitam chesindi, idhi 1935 varaku konasaagindi, idhi paedalanu teevramgaa prabhaavitam chesindi. goonatillake nivasanni rogula kosam aaspatrigaa marcharu. viviyentho sahaa swachchanda sevakulu, paedalaloe vistrutamgaa poeshakaahaara lopam undani, idhi vari koratato teevrataram ayindani, idhi vyaadhiki nirodhakatanu tagginchindani gamaninchaaru.
taruvaata vidya.
sampradayavadiga goonevardhane tandri, vivienne nirantara vidyanu vyatiraekimchaaru mariyu aamenu maroka dhanavantuditho vivaham chesukovalani nammadu. aame boarding schoollo unnanduna mariyu aame tandri tarachugaa prayaanistunnanduna, aame maama robbert mariyu attha karolinlaku vivinnenu paatasaala nundi tolaginche adhikaram ivvabadindi. robbert, aame tandri korikalaku viruddhamgaa, cambridge matriculation pareekshaku taragatulaku haajaru kaavadaaniki paatasaalanu vidichipettadaaniki aameku sahayam chesindi, idhi aame 16 samvatsaraala vayassulo uttiirnata saadhinchindi. musius kalasalalo nivasistunnappudu, vishwavidyaalaya scholarship pareekshaku kuurchoevadaaniki aame upadhyayuralu marjori davidson gunawardenku rahasyamgaa sikshana icchaaru. ikkada, aame scholarship pareekshalo oka pradarsananu alaage kolambo vishwavidyaalaya kalasalalo aangla gowravaalanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki scholarshipnu geluchukundi. aame vishwavidyaalaya aamodam pondina taruvaata, goonetillake viviyennenu akkada chaduvukovadaniki anumatinchadaaniki niraakarinchindi. ayinappatikee, aame pinatandrulu mariyu tandri snehitulu aamenu chaduvukovadaniki anumatinchamani atanini oppinchaaru-taruvaata aame thana chaduvunu puurti chesindi, aameku aatamkam kaliginchadaaniki aame chesina prayatnaala dwara.
university kalasalalo, gunnevardhane queens rodloni mahilala vasati gruhamlo ekkaadu. aame tandri goondaavardhanenu drama societylo chaeradaaniki anumatinchananduna, aame vishwavidyaalayam yokka debating club vaipu mallindi. ikkada, aame ekkuvagaa purusha-aadhaarita karyakalapalalo pratipakshaala nundi thana lingam patla chaalaa vivakshanu edurkondi, conny munduku saagindi. aame charcha bhagaswamy horace perera, idhi pradarsinchabadina oka sanghatananu gurthu chesukunnaruh
lanka samaja paarteelo pravesam.
desamlo mottamodati raajakeeya partyga 1935 december 18naa lanka samaja party (lssp) sthaapinchabadindi. british paalana mariyu socialism nundi swaatantryam anae vistruta lakshyaalato aaa prayojanam kosam samavesamaina yuvakula samuuham dheenini roopondinchindi. praarambhamlo aruguru sabhyula samuuham, pradhanamgaa vidaesaala nundi vidya nundi tirigi vacchina vidyaarthulatho koodi, carle marks mariyu lenin aalochanalache lothugaa prabhaavitamaindi.
daani vyavasthaapakulalo vivienne pinatandrulu, phillip mariyu robbert unnaaru. party vyavasthaapaka sabhyulaku chaalaa sannihitamgaa unnanduna, goondavardhane samavesalaku haajaru kavadam praarambhinchaaru. aame thana attha carolin mariyu maama robbert thoo eee samavesalaku hajarayyaru. kolambo loe speyin franco party nirvahinchina vyatiraeka faasist pradarsanalalo viveen kooda palgonnaru. aame tirugubaatu swabhaavame paakshikamgaa 25 sentla sabhyatva rusumu chellinchi lssplo chaeradaaniki daariteesindi.
itara purushula samakshamlo vivienne oka raajakeeya ryaaleeni sandarsinchinatlu paerkontuu aame tandriki oka anamaka lekha vachinappudu rajakeeyaalu mariyu vidyalo aame padaveekaalam akasmaattugaa mugisindi. modati samvatsaram pareeksha matrame puurti chesina taruvaata, guruvula abhyardhanalu unnappatikee goondaavardhanenu intiki teesukuvacchaaru. taragatulu mariyu upanyaasaalaku haajaru kaalekapoyina aame maama robbert, london vishwavidhyaalayamlo bahya degreeni abhyasinchadaaniki aameku sahayam chesaaru, daanini aame kalalalo saadhaarana degreega teesukundi. aame thana attha carolin thoo kalisi rahasyamgaa raajakeeya ryaaleelaku hajarukavadam konasaaginchindi.
oka kutumbaanni penchandi.
1937 maarchilo spanish antaryuddhampai jarigina nirasanalo viveen lessie goonevardennu kalisaaru. goonewarden 1935loe lanka sama samaja party vyavasthaapakudu, daani secretory general, nayakudiga panicheesaaru. athanu 31 october 1909naa nairuti selan looni panaduraalo sthaanika valasavaada-yugam rajakeeyaalalo churukuga unna sampanna paddhati shaastravetta goonevardhane kutumbamlo janminchaadu. goondavardhane kutumbam kobbari aastiki pradhana yajamaanulu. gunnevardhane chinnatanamlone athani talli maraninchindi. aame silaanlooni atyanta sampanna kutumbaalalo okataina 'whitehall' katana yokka prasiddha fernando kutumbaaniki chendinadi, praivetgaa chaalaa gananeeyamaina mottamlo bhoomini kaligi undhi.
lessie ess loe chaduvukunnaru. thamus kalaasaala, mount lavinia, taruvaata velsh publish paatasaalaku pampabadi, london school off economicslo chaduvutondi. lselo, athanu vivienne pinatandrulu robbert mariyu phillip latho baga parichayam pondaadu, vaaritho athanu lsspni sthaapinchaadu. mukhyamgaa 1935-36 kaalamlo lesleeni party siddhaantakartagaa pariganinchaaru. taruvaata hector abhyavardhana aayananu "ell. ess. ess. pii yokka chaitanyaaniki samrakshakudu" gaa abhivarninchaaru.
vaari samavesala taruvaata, lessie tarachugaa didenialoni goonatillake intiki vachedi. phillip snehitudigaa, athanu ellappuduu swaagathinchabaddaadu mariyu goonatillake kutumbam dwara baga ishtapaddadu. daa. daan allenson atanni pratyaekamgaa mecchukunnaru, athanu apaaramaina sampada kaligina kutumbam nundi vachadanedi kaadu, conny athani ahankaaram lekapovadam valla. tarachugaa athanu thana kumaarulanu "lessila undamani" aadesinchevaadu. 1930luu abhyardhulanu nilabetti, rendava rashtra ennikalaloo goppa vijayanni saadhinchina ell. ess. ess. pii. kii vegavantamaina vistarana kaalam. vaaru 1937 april 1naa galle faces green vadda oka ryaaleeni nirvahinchaaru, idhi 35,000 mandini aakarshinchindi. kankana sambandhamlo vijayam taruvaata, viviyennenu oka vinduku aahvaninchaaru, aaa samayamlo lessie aame patla thana premanu prakatinchaadu.
iddaroo vivaham chesukovalani anukunnaru, conny viveenne tandri eee sambandhaanni vyatiraekimchaaru, endukante goonevardhane oka kraistavudu, minority karava kulaniki chendinavaadu mariyu paryaveekshanhaloo unna viplavakarudu. aamenu intlo vaastava khaidiigaa unchaaru, mariyu goondavardhane oka habeas corpus ritnu daakhalu cheyavalasi vachindi, idhi oka vyakti chattaviruddhamaina nirbandham ledhaa jailunu kortuku nivedinchagala chattaparamaina maargam, aamenu vidudala cheyadaaniki. aamenu khaidiigaa unchinappatikee, aame sthaanika pustaka vikreta sahayamtho rahasyamgaa lesliki lekhalu raayagaligindi. nyaya poraata samayamlo, vaari nyaayavaadi, bhavishyat adhyakshudu mariyu srilanka pradhana mantri zhe. aarr. jayawardene. eee janta 1939 juun 30naa slave ailandloni nippan hotel loe vivaham chesukunnaru.
bhaarata swaatantryam.
rendava prapancha yuddham prarambhamainappudu, lanka samaja party maddatulo perugudalanu edurkondi, rendava prapancha yuddhanni "saamraajyavaada yuddham" gaa varninchindi. eee maddatu party yokka tirigi sthaapanaku daariteesindi, idhi british yuddha prayatnaalanu vyatiraekistuu, daani yuddha vyatiraeka vaikhari kaaranamgaa avasaramaina charya. iddaru rashtra mandali sabhyulatho paatu daani naayakatvamlo unna itarulatoe sahaa party sabhyulu-enn.emm. perera, phillip gunavardhane mariyu colvin aarr. dii silva-arrestu chesi jailuku pampabaddaaru, conny vivienne arrestunu tappinchukogaa aame bhartha lesley bhoogarbhamloki vellaadu.
bolshevik-leninist party off india, selan mariyu barma.
1940 chivari bhaagaaniki, vivienne thana modati biddatho garbhavatigaa undhi. eee samayamlo, ell. ess. ess. pii. yokka nishedham taruvaata lessie daakkunnaadu. takkuva pariseelanatoo vaari kriyaaseelatanu konasaaginchadaaniki lessie bharatadesaniki paaripoyaadu. ayithe phillip gunavardhane, enn.emm. perera, edmond samarakkodi mariyu colvin aarr. dii silvanu selanlo nirbandhinchaaru, lessie bhaaratadesamlo unnadu, selaanlooni athani aastulanu swaadheenam chesukunnaru. athanu kalakattaalo sthirapadi, uttara pradesh trotskist grouputho sahaa sthaanika trotskist samsthalatho, alaage bambe, madraasaalooni samuuhaalatoe netvarklanu sthaapinchaadu. charchala dwara, lessie netrutvamloni bharatiya mariyu seylonese trotskeevaadulu bolshevik-leninist party off india, seylan mariyu barma (sankshiptamgaa blipi) erpaatuku praathamika kamiteeni erpaatu chesaaru.
dheeni kosam charchalu 1940 december mariyu 1941 maarchilo condylo jarigina bhoogarbha samavesala dwara jarigaayi mariyu bharatadesaniki ekaika trotsky paarteeki vedikanu erpaatu chesaayi. 1941 april 20naa 42 mandhi pratinidhulu haajaraina oka bhoogarbha samavesam jarigindi. eee samavesamlo, lanka samaja party kotta rajyangam mariyu manifestone roopondinchindi, eee rendintinee pratinidhulu aamodinchaaru. 1940 mariyu 1941loe jarigina samavesalaku nirbandhamlo unna itara lssp nayakulu kooda hajarayyaru, vaariki khaidi sahayam chesaadu; khaidi taruvaata 1942 april 7naa vaari jailu nundi tappinchukovadaaniki vaariki sahayam chesaadu. blipi 1942 maeloe erpadindi mariyu nalgava antarjaateeya aamodam pondindi. dheeni dwara, goondaavardhane, ess. la mundu unna ippudu-public blipi.sii.sii. anthonipillai, robbert gunavardhane, vilium dii silva, mariyu vii. karalasingham, 1941 maeloe praarambhamaina nirantara samme taramgaalapai drushti pettindi. ivi 1942 mariyu 1944 varaku konasagayi.
praarambhamlo, rendava prapancha yuddham samayamlo, goondavardhane netrutvamloni blipi saapekshamgaa chinnadigaa undipoyindi-idhi upakhandam antataa unna raajakeeya viplavaatmaka party yokka adhika anchanaalaku pedda viruddhamgaa undhi. blipi puurti paeru, "bolshevik-leninist party off india, seylan und barma", idhi burmanku kooda praatinidhyam vahistundani suuchistumdagaa, akkada etuvanti party praatinidhyam ledani cheppavacchu. ayithe, party bays off kalakattaalo vidudala chesina "spark" anae party prachurananu praarambhinchi, blipi taruvaata vijayanni saadhinchindi. raajakeeya anachiveta kaaranamgaa, prachurananu bambeloki marcharu mariyu daani paerunu "nyuu spark" gaa marcharu. vaaru bharatiya kaarmikulaku mariyu itara kaarmikulaku trotsky raasina bahiranga lekhanu prachurinchaaru. vivienne oka biddanu penchadamlo bijeegaa unnappudu, party prachuranalaku lesley keelaka sahakaram andinchaadu, keey anae maaruperuto vrasadu. tilak. rendava prapancha yuddham yokka migilina samayamlo, blipi aneka nagarallo kaarmika sanghaalu mariyu vidyaarthi udyamaalanu prabhaavitam cheyagaligindi. tramway kaarmikulatoe paatu buckingham mariyu karnataka millula kaarmikulalo gananeeyamaina sabhyatvam namodu cheyabadindi.
quit india udyamam & party cheelika.
december 1941loe, aaa samayaniki, vivienne pedda bidda, kumundini vayassu kevalam oka samvatsaram kante ekkuva, vivienne saasvatamgaa bharatadesaniki valasa vachindi. eee samayamlo, aame valasavaada adhikaarula vanted jaabitaalo lenanduna aame prayaanam inca parimitam kaaledu. bharatadesaniki veltundagaa, aame srimatigaa maaruveshamlo kanipinchindi. alan mendis, mariyu shree alan mendis venta unnaaru. trikomali nundi, vivienne, aame kumarte mariyu sahayakulu padavalo madhuraiki vellaaru, akkada vaarini ess. sii. sii. anthony pillai mariyu surakshitamaina aasrayaaniki teesukuvellaaru.
bhaaratadesamlo, vivienne bharatadesamloni british palananu antam cheyalane demandto kuudina quit india udyamamlo munigipoyindi. seylan mariyu bharatadesam rendintiloonuu yuddha samvatsaraallo aame pattubadaledu. 1943loe, thotala kaarmika sanghaalanu nirvahinchinanduku bahishkaristaamani bedirinchinappudu vvinne zeane hobanku adhikaarula nundi aasrayam ichindi. quit india udyamam taruvaata, dakshinasia saamyavaada naayakulalo aasalu pushkalamgaa undevi. lesley goonwarden, keey anae maaruperuto. yuva bolshevik-leninist party" anie tilak raasaaru... ippudu vistaranaku modati nijamaina avakaasaanni edurkontondi... paristhiti maarutondi, bharatadesamloni anni paarteelu, raajakeeya samoohaalalo, eee maarpulo bii. ell. pii. ii. kii ekkuva labham chekurutundanadamlo sandeham ledhu."
ayinappatikee, goondavardhane raajakeeya prameyam kosam oka sisuvu sahayam gananeeyamgaa taggindi. bhaaratadesamlo unnappudu, aame mariyu lessie oka gova kutumbam yokka gurtimpunu teesukunnaru. mister. mariyu srimati. pinto. vvinne kooda hindhi neerchukundi.
prarambha party vibhajana..
yuddha samayamlo udyamamlo cheelika erpadindi. enn. emm. perera, phillip gunavardhane blipi loe viliinaanni vyatirekinchi 'kaarmikula' pratipakshaanni erpaatu chesaaru. yuddham taruvaata, vaaru ell. ess. ess. pii. nii swatantra partyga punarnirminchaaru. bahishkarinchabadina blipi kendrakam nundi erpadina itara vibhagam sabhyulu, bolshevik samajamaja party (bii. ess. pii) anae pratyeka paarteeni samarthavantamgaa nirvahinchaaru. taruvaati samuuham blipi yokka selan vibhagamga panichesindi mariyu dheeniki colvin aarr dii silva, lessie goonawardene mariyu edmond samarakkodi naayakatvam vahinchaaru.
rendu samuuhaala madhya sambandham tarachugaa vyatiraekamainadi. lsspy 'samsthaagata menshevism' undani bsp aaropinchindi. aaa bsp antarmukhulaina doctrinaerlu anie lsp aaropinchindi. lssp saamuuhika aadhaarita paarteeni nirminchaalani korukoga, bsp cader aadhaarita (viplavaatmaka) paarteeni nirminchadampai drushti pettindi. 1945 aktobaru 25naa bsp samavesamlo rendu samuuhaala madhya pidikili-poraataalu jarigaayi.
srilankaki tirigi vellu.
rendava prapancha yuddham mugisina taruvaata goonewardene srilankaku tirigi vachinappudu, ell. ess. ess. pii paerutoe rendu ververu samuuhaalatoe ell. ess. ess. pii. vibhajinchabadindi. okadaaniki enn naayakatvam vahinchaaru. emm. perera mariyu phillip gunavardhane mariyu marokati lessie mariyu colvin aarr. silva. rendu vargalalo rendodaanito vivienne gurtinchabadindi. yuddhaanantara kaalamlo sambhavinchina strike taramgaalaku lssp mariyu bsp rendoo naayakatvam vahinchaayi. 1946loe rendu vargaala madhya swalpakaalika sayodhya jarigindi. 1947 saarvatrika ennikalaloo ell. ess. ess. pii. 10 seetlatho pradhana pratipaksha partyga avatarinchindi. bsp 5 seatlu geluchukundi. vaariki paarlamentulo 6 mandhi sabhyulu mariyu vividha swatantra sabhyulunna natesa ayyar yokka selan indian congress (sisi-idhi taruvaata selan workers congressga maarindi) maddatu kooda undhi. ayithe, sward bandaranaik mariyu athani simhala mahaa sabha kottagaa erpadina united national party (unp) kii maddatu icchaayi, tadwara ds senanaik aadhvaryamlo prabhutvaanni erpaatu cheyagaligindi.
goonewardene tirigi ravadam aame sthaapanaku daariteesindi mariyu prapanchamlooni mottamodati saamyavaada mahilaa samstha, united umens front ledhaa 'ekat kaanta peramuna' kuu pradhana maddatudaarulalo okarigaa maarindi. ayithe, aaa party aavirbhavinchina ventane soviet maddatugala communistu party, trotskeevaadulatho thana sahakaara niraakarana vidhaanamlo bhaagamgaa daaniki maddatunu upasamharinchukovadamtho paatu kuppakoolindi.
srilankaku swaatantryam.
yuddham mugisina taruvaata, ell. ess. ess. pii yokka nishedham mugisindi, mariyu lessie swaatantrya udyamampai marinta pani cheyadaaniki selanku tirigi raagaligindi. 1948 fibravari 4naa selan kuu selan aadhipatyamgaa swaatantryam labhinchinappudu srilanka sama samaja party netrutvamloni srilanka swaatantrya udyamam vijayavantamaindi. british commonwealth loe dominian hodha taruvaati 24 samvatsaraala paatu 22 mae 1972 varaku konasaginchabadindi, appudu adhi republicga maari, democratic socialist republic off srilankagaa paeru maarchabadindi. saayudha dalaalaku british adhikarulu mariyu raayal naevii naayakatvam vahinchadam konasaagindi mariyu raaf dveepamlo (trinkomali mariyu katunayake vadda) sthaavaraalanu kaligi undindi. prabhutvam ekkuvagaa british anukuulamainadi mariyu soviet vyatiraekamainadi. kotta prabhutvam 1948 naati selan pourasatva chattam mariyu 1949 naati parliamentary ennikala savarana chattanni upayoginchi bharatiya tamila santatiki chendina thotala kaarmikulaku ootu hakkunu nilipiveyadaaniki munduku saagindi. eee charyalu pradhanamgaa vaamapakshalanu ennikalaloo anagadokkadaaniki uddesinchabaddaayi.
ennikala rajakeeyaalu.
1949 decemberulo, kolambo munisipal council yokka hawlock town vaarduku praatinidhyam vahinchadaaniki bolshevik samajamaja party tarapuna vivienne nilabaddadu. lssp gananeeyamaina sankhya prayojanam unnappatikee, vivien thana rendava bidda, khachitamgaa thoo pracharam cheyadaaniki bayaludaeraadu. prati party nilabettina abhyardhula sankhya dwara eee sankhyaaparamaina prayojanam kanipinchindi. lssp 28 mandhi, bsp 10 mandhi matrame pootii chesaaru. pracharam chestunnappudu, aame tandri chaalaa anaarogyamtho unnaaru. thana chinna manavadu sahayamtho, vivienne thana tandritho unna addamkulanu vichchinnam cheyagaligindi. dheenitho sambandham lekunda, aame vaarasatvamgaa tolaginchabadaalani athanu mondigaa unnadu. ennikala raatri aame tandri kannumuusaaru, athani chivari prasna "vivi gelichara", dheeniki oka bandhuvu "avunu" anie samadhanam icchaaru.
kolambo munisipal council.
goonewardene 1950 nundi 1954 juulai varaku mariyu mallee 1960 janavari 30 nundi 1969 december varaku kolambo munisipal council sabhyuraligaa unnaaru. councillerga unnappudu, aame thana samayanni paedala jeevitaala sreyassu kosam ankitam chesaaru. gunnevardane paarisuddhyam merugudala, laiting erpaatu mariyu chinna pattanaalalo maargaala vistaranaku pranaalika vaesaaru. ontari tallula kosam kuttu taragatula erpaatulo aame keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru. councillerga unnappudu, aame mrutula hakkula kosam poraadaaru-mukhyamgaa khananam soukaryaala paramgaa, alaage chinna pattanaallo adhika sthaayi shishu maranaala samasyanu teesukunnaru. 
munisipal councillerga unnappudu, aame pratiroojuu ransinghe premadaasaku lift ichindi. 1989loe murikiwada praantam nundi vacchi pratyarthi united national paarteelo chaeri srilanka adhyakshudayyadu.
aall seylan sthaanika prabhutva kaarmikula sangham adhyakshudu.
kolambo munisipal council velupala kooda vvinne karyalayalanu kaligi undhi, idhi aame thana sonta niyojakavargaaniki matrame kakunda seva cheyadaaniki anumatinchindi. aame aall seylan lokal governament workers union adhyakshuraligaa kooda niyamitulayyaaru. enn kinda undagaa.emm. ayithe, union kaarmikulaku upaadhi saasvatatvaanni, alaage pinchanu mariyu padavee viramana hakkunu pondagaligindi. vivienne kinda, union vitantuvulu mariyu anaathala pension geluchukundi. lssp pradhana pratipaksha partyga undagaa, rashtra kaarmikula nelawari vaetanaanni ruu. 7.ayithe, 5 mandhi munisipal council kaarmikulanu dheeni dwara minahaayinchaaru. viveen eee vishayanni aardhika mantri zhe. aarr. jayawardene, eee billulo munisipal kaarmikulanu chaerchadaaniki munduku sagaru. 1964loe srilanka friedam party vamapaksha kootami adhikaaramlo unnappudu, goondavardhane rashtra udyogulu, cmcla kaarmikulaku samaana hodha ivvaalani demand chesaaru. goonevardhane aame maranam varaku aall seylan sthaanika prabhutva kaarmikula sanghaaniki adhyakshuraligaa konasagaru.
punarekeekarana.
lssp mariyu bsp madhya cheelika udyamaanni balaheenaparichindi, mukhyamgaa rendu paarteelalo spashtamgaa chinnadi ayina bsp. punarekeekarana prakriya praarambhinchabadindi, 1950loe bii. ess. pii. ell. ess. pii. loe vileenam ayyindi. punarekeekarana dwara, ell. ess. ess. pii. naalugo antarjaateeya jattulo sealonese vibhagamga maarindi. ayithe, phillip gunavardhane bsptho sayodhyanu vyatiraekimchaaru. aaa vidhamgaa ayana lsspni vidichipetti viplavakari lanka samaja party (vlssp) anae kotta paarteeni erpaatu chesaaru.
1952 saarvatrika ennikalaloo, korea yuddham kaaranamgaa sahaja rabbaru dhara peragadam valla saapeksha sreyassu ennikala paniteeruku haani kaliginchindi. eee ennikala samayamlo, vvinne ell. ess. ess. pii. kosam kelania seetulo pootii chesaaru. eee seetulo pootii chestunnappudu vivienne bouddha nepathyam aameku oka prayojanaanni ichindi, ayithe eee seetuku slfp vimala vijevardhane pootii chesaaru, veeru calonia aalaya bouddha sanyaasula maddatunu pondaaru. pracharam chestunnappudu, vivienne yokka moodava bidda, primilla janminchindi, aame pracharam cheyagala paridhini marinta parimitam chesindi. eee seetunu zhe geluchukunnaru. aarr. jayawardene, aaa samvatsaram raajakeeya dhoranini anusarinchi. alaage, bhaarata tamila estate kaarmikulaku anadhikara prabhutvam dwara hakkula niraakarana daani pradhana sthaavaraalalo okadaanini kolpoyindi. antekakunda, idhi daani mitrapakshamaina cic yokka ennikala adrushtaanni debbateesindi, idhi praatinidhyam lekunda poyindi.
hartal mariyu taruvaata.
1953loe, hartal nirvahanalo ell. ess. ess. pii. mundanja vesindi. prabhutvam teesukunna charyala prakaram vari dharanu 25 saatam nundi 70 saataaniki penchadam eee harataalaaniki takshana kaaranam. aaa samayamlo, zhe.aarr. jayawardene aaa deshaaniki aardhika mantrigaa panicheesaaru. biyyam dharanu 25 saataaniki konasaginchadam anedi 1952 ennikalaloo unp icchina ennikala vaagdaanam, kotta retlanu prajalaku pravesapettinappudu, gandaragolam chelaregindi. paatasaala vidyaarthulaku ichhe bhojanaanni nilipiveyadam, railu ticket chaarjeelu, postal pheejula pemputho eee agraham marinta perigindi.
1953 kii mundu, saadhaarana samme yokka 'hartal' bhavana, selaanlo saapekshamgaa teliyadu. tama bahishkarana dwara, lssp nayakulu quit india udyamam samayamlo hartallah yokka apaaramaina prabhavanni chuusaaru, eee ghnaanam vaaritho paatu teesukuvachhela chusaru. communistu party mariyu vlssp hartaalku maddatu icchaayi mariyu slfp mariyu cic hartal demandku saanubhooti vyaktam chesaayi, conny samme pilupuku churukuga maddatu ivvaledu. selan vaanijya sangham samme demandlaku maddatu ichindi, conny andulo paalgonaledu. badulugaa, nirasana telipe maargamgaa vaari sabhyulu chetipai nallati patteelu dharinchi paniki vellamani prothsahinchindi.
eee hartal deshaanni puurtigaa stambhimpajesindi. oka viplavam erpadutundane bhayamtho, prabhutva mantrivargam samudra teeramlo oka raaja naavikaadala yuddhanaukaku aasrayam korindi. strikerla charyatho patuga vacchina saamuuhika tirugubaatu kaaranamgaa dudley senanayake pradhaanamantri padavi nundi rajinama chesaaru. party rashtra adhikaranni swaadheenam chesukogaladani aalochinchadam praarambhinchadaaniki hartal lsspni prothsahinchindi. hartal samayamlo, kolambo town haall paikappupai hartal gurthugaa nalla jendaanu eguraveyaalani vivienne pattubattaru.
1956loe ell. ess. ess. pii., phillip gunavardhane mariyu vlssplatho kalisi erpaatu chesina sward bandaranaike yokka "mahajana ekat peramuna" (prajala aikya kootami) thoo pootii laeni oppandam kudurchukundi. aaa samvatsaram jarigina ennikalaloo mep bhaarii vijayanni saadhinchindi. lssp marosari pradhana pratipaksha partyga maarindi, mariyu enn. emm. perera pratipaksha nayakudiga maararu. dheeni dwara, lssp kotta prabhutvam praarambhinchina samskaranalaku maddatu ichindi, conny 'simhala matrame' vidhananni teevramgaa vyatirekinchindi. 1956 mariyu 1960 madhya kolambo uttara ennikala jillaalo paarlamentu sabhyuraligaa viveen ennikayyaaru, akkada aame 58.09% otlanu geluchukundi. juulai 1959loe, lssp mariyu communist party rendoo prabhutvaaniki tama maddatunu upasamharinchukunnaayi, endukante slfp lopala antargata party kalahalu mitavaadiki taatkaalika vijayaniki mariyu phillip gunavardhane vanti vamapaksha mantrulanu bahishkarinchadaaniki daariteesaayi.
1960 maarchilo lssp 'samaja prabhutvaaniki munduku saagandi' anae ninaadamtoe saarvatrika ennikalaloo pootii chesindi. phillip gunavardhane yokka lss pii, communistlu mariyu mahajana ekat peramuna (oka kotta party, 1956 front kaadu) geluchukunna otlu, vaarini paarlamentulo atipedda kuutamigaa maarchadaaniki saripoyayi. ayithe, vaaru vidigaa pootii cheyadam valla, lssp mariyu mep kevalam 10 sthaanaalanu geluchukunnayi, cp kevalam 3 sthaanaalanu geluchukundi. joolailo mallee ennikalu jarigaayi mariyu lsspki srilanka friedam party (slfp) thoo pootii laeni oppandam kudirindi, idhi sirimao bandaranaike, tadwara prabhutvaanni erpaatu cheyagaligindi. ennikallo vijayam saadhinchinappatikii, nalgava antarjaateeya jattu lssp ennikala vyuuhaalanu teevramgaa vimarsinchindi, mariyu lssp marusati samvatsaram jarigina prapancha antarjaateeya samavesaniki haajarukaakuudadani nirnayinchukundi.
1962loe, sainyam mariyu pooliisula adhikarulu prabhutvaanni padagotti, yuu. pii. nii adhikaaramloki teesukuraavadaaniki uddesinchina tirugubaatuku prayatninchaaru. eee kutranu viphalamayyindi, mariyu vidhana paramgaa slfp edamavaipuku chikkukundi. petrolium companyla sthaanika saakhalu jaateeyam cheyabaddaayi, idhi chamuru bahula-jaateeyulache deshaanni bahishkarinchadaaniki daariteesindi; consas chamuru utpattidaarula sahakaram mariyu roman prabhutvam sahayamtho bahishkarananu vichchinnam chesaaru.
oka samaantara prakriya anedi seylonese vaamapakshaala madhya aatmavisvaasam mariyu aikyatanu penchadam. paarlamentulo vaaru pratipakshamlo unnaaru. 1963 mae rojuna moodu pradhana vamapaksha paarteelu (lssp, sipi mariyu emipi) bhaarii ummadi ryaaleeni nirvahinchaayi. aaa taruvaata 1953 hartal padava vaarshikotsavam ayina augustu 12naa united front praarambhinchabadindi. nityaavasara vastuvula dharalanu tagginchadam vanti samasyalapai frontlu aandolanalanu praarambhinchaayi, idhi slfp palanaku takshana muppunu suuchistumdi. slfp vaamapakshaalaku mantri padavulanu andinchadam praarambhinchindi mariyu ulf aikyatanu vichchinnam cheyadaaniki teevramgaa krushi chesindi.
1964loe, visiyenne borella ennikala jillaaku empeega ennikayyaaru. ennikala pootiiloo aame srimati kii vyatiraekamgaa pootii chesaaru. kamala dii silva, W yokka vitantuvu. dii. silva. united left frontlo bhaagamgaa vijayam saadhinchina taruvaata, 1964 janavari 20naa selan dialy nyuus dwara "onlee dhi ulf und dhi ann" anie viveen paerkonnatlu utankinchabadindi. thana raayitee prasangamlo, kamala viveen gurinchi ilaa rasindi
lanka samaja party abhivruddhi.
1940la chivari nundi 1960la varaku, srilanka samaja party srilankalo pratipaksha partyga panichesindi, adhe samayamlo naalugo antarjaateeya srilanka vibhagamga gurtinchabadindi, idhi trotskyism mariyu stallinism vyatiraekata kaligina samstha. dheeni dwara goondavardhane netrutvamloni party banking, vidya, parisrama, media, vaanijya rangaalalo samsthalanu jaateeyam cheyadam dwara maajee british kaalanee ayina selaannu soshalistu republicga samskarinchadaaniki prayatninchindi. 1959loe, vaarasatvamgaa srilankalo atipedda bhuswamulalo okarigaa unnappatikee, sampannulaina sthirapadina paarlamentu sabhyula vyatiraekata unnappatikee, vivien mariyu lesley deshaaniki vaarasatva pannunu tirigi pravesapettadaaniki poraadaaru. vaari party kooda oka vyakti sontamgaa kaligi undagala illa sankhyapai parimitini pravesapettindi. idhi vaaru addedaarulaku bahula aastulanu ivvadaaniki daariteesindi, ayithe sirimao bandaranaike aastulanu itara bandhuvulaku badilee chesaaru.
daani perigina prajaadaranhatho, ell. ess. ess. pii. peragalani chustondi. 1964loe, party oka samavesanni nirvahinchindi, dheenilo majority pratinidhulu chinna burjuwa party ayina srilanka friedam party (slfp) vargeekarananu nominate chesaaru, daanitoe sankeerna avakaasaalanu vadilivesaaru. edmond samarakkodi, baalaa tampo netrutvamloni oka brundam, goonevardhane party nundi vidipoyi viplavaatmaka lanka samaja paarteeni erpaatu chesindi. taruvaata 1964loe, lessie mariyu colvin dii silva minaha lssp, sirimao bandaranayaketho sankiirnaaniki naayakatvam vahinchindi, aame aadhunika prapancha charitralo modati mahilaa pradhana mantri kaavadaaniki veelu kalpinchindi. eee pradhana maarpu nalgava antarjaateeya leag nundi ell. ess. ess. pii. bahishkarinchabadataaniki daariteesindi, daani sthaanamlo viplavaatmaka lanka samaja party vachindi. ennikala taruvaata, colvin aarr thoo paatu lessie. dii silva cabinet karyalayanni angeekarinchadaaniki niraakarinchaaru. ayithe, home vyavahaaraala kaaryadarsigaa aame ekkuva prabhavam chuupagaladani vvinne viswasinchindi, kabatti aaa paatranu sweekarinchindi.
aneka mandhi sabhyula nishkramana kaaranamgaa 1965loe sankeerna prabhutvam padipoyindi. ayithe, aaa samvatsaram jarigina saarvatrika ennikalaloo ell. ess. ess. pii. geluchukunna otla sankhya perigindi. ennikala taruvaata, party maddatudaarulu yuu. pii. netrutvamloni kotta edu paarteela sankeernam dwara samanvayamtho kuudina baadhitula kaalaaniki gurayyaru. 1968loe goonevardana lsspni slfp mariyu communist party off srilanka (cpsl) loe aikya frontlo chaeradaaniki erpaatu chesaaru. aaa samvatsaram mae day ummadi ryali srilankalo jarigina atipedda rallyga cheppabadindi.
sirimao bandaranaike.
rajakeeyaalalo aame paatraku gaanu, goonewardene srilankalo pramukha vamapaksha mahilaa raajakeeyavettagaa pariganinchabaddaaru. aame prapanchamlooni mottamodati mahilaa deshadhinetha ayina sirimao bandaranayaketho manchi snehituraalai, aametho paatu aneka pratinidhula brundaalaku haajaru kaavadaaniki munduku saagindi. 1975loe mexico nagaramlo jarigina antarjaateeya mahilaa samvatsarampai jarigina prapancha samavesaniki vivienne mariyu sirimao hajarayyaru, akkada united states department off state viviyennenu "jaateeya sthaayilo agrasthaanamlo" gurtinchindi mariyu "mexico nagaramlo rechagotte vishayam cheppadaniki aadhaarapadinatlu" cheppabadindi.
videshee sambandhaalu.
goonewardene aleena vedikapai pramukha sabhyudu. raajakeeya pratinidhula brundamlo bhaagamgaa, aame jawaharlal nehru, v. keey. krishna meenan, josip broze taito, mariyu gamal abdel nasser thoo sneham chesaaru. uttara korealo unnappudu, kimm ill-sung aamenu kalavalani pattubattaru, idhi aame yuu. ess. ess. aarr kuu connect chese vimananni kolpovadaniki daariteesindi. arab-izrael sangharshanhalo paalastiiniyanlaku goonewarden balamaina maddatudaarugaa konasagaru mariyu united states spaansar chesina madhyapraachya doutyaanni vimarsinchaaru. paalastiinaaku sangheebhaavam telipe kamiteeki, alaage arab-seolone sangheebhaavam telipe brundaaniki aame naayakatvam vahinchaaru.
taruvaata rajakeeyaalu & prabhutvam (1970-1977).
1970 natiki, lessie mariyu vivienne vaaru slfp sankeernam dwara thana abhipraayaalanu uttamamgaa amalu cheyagalarani viswasinchi, slfp netrutvamloni united front prabhutvamlo cheraaru. aaa samvatsaram, lssptho kuudina united front, kondachariyalu virigipadatam dwara adhikaaramloki vachindi. pratinidhula sabhalo lsspki 18 mps undevi. gunnevardhane aarogya saakhalo juuniyar mantri ayyaru. juulai natiki, british vaaru roopondinchina rajyangam sthaanamlo seylonese roopondinchina rajyanga sabhanu erpaatu cheyadaaniki aame krushi chesaaru. prabhutva mantritva saakhalalo shaashwata kaaryadarsulaku vaari vibhaagamlo naipunhyam undela vidhanalu pravesapettabaddaayi. udaaharanaku, gruhanirmaana mantritva saakhalo panichestunna vaaru sikshana pondina injaneerlu, aarogya mantritva saakhalo panichestunna vaaru, vaidya nipunulu ayi undaali. prabhutva udyogulandarini kaarmikula mandalulalo chaeradaaniki anumatinchaaru mariyu sthaanika sthaayilo, prabhutva paripaalanapai prajala nundi pedda mottamlo inputnu anumatinchadaaniki peeples kamiteelu erpaatu cheyabaddaayi; idhi ell. ess. ess. pii nirvahana nirmaanam nundi teesukuraabadindi. eee maarpulu british valasarajyala amsaalu mariyu dhesha samsthala nundi videshee prabhavanni tolaginchadaaniki uddesinchabaddaayi.
nirantara kriyaaseelata (1977-1994).
gunnevardhane pradhana raajakeeya valayanni vidichipettina taruvaata, aame srilanka streevaada udyamam mariyu rajakeeyaalalo churukaina bhaagamgaa undipoyindi. aame tarachugaa antarjaateeya mahilaa dinotsavam sandarbhamgaa pradarsanalaku naayakatvam vahinchaaru. idhi taruvaata pooliisula krooratvampai supreenkortu mylurayi teerpuku daariteesindi. dheenitho paatu, aame bahula unionlaku kooda adhyakshata vahinchindi mariyu paalastiinaaku sangheebhaavam telipe kamiteeki nayakuraliga konasaagindi.
maranam mariyu vaarasatvam.
vienne thana 80va puttinaroju vedukala taruvaata ventane gundepotuto 1996loe october 3naa kolambolo maraninchindi, indulo cuba nundi oka raayabaaritho paatu aneka gatha mariyu prastuta srilanka adhyakshulu mariyu pradhaanamantrula nundi atithulu vacchaaru. edama vaipuna unna vaarandaruu aameku santaapam telipaaru mariyu oka vaaram santaapam prakatinchaaru. goondavardhane antyakriyalu borella kanatte vadda jarigaayi, mariyu padula vaela mandhi prekshakulu haajaraina motaru vahanam dwara oka kilometre podavaina antyakriyala ooregimpu jarigindi. aame avasheshaalanu independence squarelo pradarsinchaalani pratipaadinchabadindi, ayithe eee aalochana saadhyam kaaledu, endukante aame maraninchina 36 gantallopu aame avasheshaalanu dahanam cheyaalani vivien korukunnaru. eee avasheshaalanu kolambo town haallo pradarsinchaaru, rashtrapati chandrika kumaratunga dwara viveenne gunnevardhaneku nivaalulu arpinchaaru.
aame maranam taruvaata srilankaku modati mahilaa jaateeya nayakudiga viviyennenu niyaminchaaru mariyu bahula tapala billalapai pradarsinchaaru; aame mariyu itara jaateeya veerulatho prati samvatsaram jaateeya selavudinamaina swaatantrya dinotsavam sandarbhamgaa jarupukuntaaru. aame ekaika mahilaa jaateeya kathaanayikagaa migilipoyindi. streevaadam mariyu srilanka swaatantrya udyamaaniki aame chesina krushiki gaanu aame eee roeju varaku anni kaalaalaloonuu goppa srilanka mahilalalo okarigaa perkonabadindi.
vandava vaarshikotsava vedukalu.
2016loe aame puttina vandava vaarshikotsavam sandarbhamgaa vivinnenu vistrutamgaa jarupukunnaru. eee vedukalaku rashtrapati mahinda rajapaksa hajarayyaru.

