
abhyardhi (degree)

abhyardhi (latin "condidatus" ledhaa "condidate") anedi vividha vidya degreela paeru, ivi nedu pradhanamgaa scandinavialo pradaanam cheyabadutunnayi. airopalo chaalaa varaku, 1999 bologna prakriya dwara degree sheershika dasalavaareegaa tolaginchabadindi, idhi airopalo vidya degreelanu tirigi formatt chesindi.
nordic deshaalu, soviet union, netherlands mariyu belgiumlo ippudu ledhaa okappudu eee degreelu pradaanam cheyabadutunnayi. scandinavia mariyu nordic deshaalalo, idhi saadhaaranamgaa 5-7 samvatsaraala adhyayanalaku anugunamgaa unna unnata vruttiparamaina sthaayi degree. soviet rashtraallo, idhi doctor off philosophy degreeki daadaapu samaanamaina parisoedhanaa degree. netherlands mariyu belgiumlo, idhi bachelor degreetho daadaapu polchadagina under graduate modati-chakra degree.
vyutpatti mariyu muulaalu.
eee padam latin "kandida" nundi udbhavinchindi, dheeni ardham telupu. puraatana romulo, raajakeeya padavi kosam potipade purushulu saadhaaranamgaa prasamgaalu, charchalu, samavesalu mariyu itara bahiranga karyakramalalo prakaasavantamaina tellagaa undataaniki chaak cheyabadina mariyu bleach cheyabadina togalanu dharinchevaaru. abhyardhi" anae padaaniki oka vidhamaina padavini korukune vyakti anie ardham.
nedu, degreelanu vaari latin sheershika dwara soochinchadam konasaagutundi, abhyardhi degreelanu pondina purushulanu "condidatus" mariyu mahilaa graheetalanu "condidate" anie pilustaaru. degree sheershikalu saadhaaranamgaa sankshiptamgaa untaayi; udaaharanaku, "condidatus nyaayasaastram" nuu saadhaaranamgaa "cand" anie pilustaaru.nyayasthaanam."
praantam vaareegaa upayoginchandi.
scandinavia.
scandinavialo, eee padam 18va sataabdam praarambhamlo pravesapettabadindi mariyu praarambhamlo vedaantasaastram, chattam mariyu vaidyamlo unnata sthaayilanu suuchistumdi. sambandhita rangamlo abhyardhi degree (udhaa.zii., nyaya abhyardhi) poojaari, nyaayamuurtulu, itara rashtra adhikarulu mariyu vaidyulatoe sahaa rashtra paripaalanalo unnata kaaryaalayaalaku ("embed") niyaamakaaniki avasaram. denmark, norway mariyu sweedanlalo "abhyardhi" anae padaanni chivariki unnata vruttiparamaina vidya degreela kosam upayoginchaaru, saadhaaranamgaa 5 nundi 7 samvatsaraala adhyayanam tarvaata pradaanam cheyabadutundi. norwaylo, konni abhyardhula degreelu (vedaantasaastram abhyardhi, vaidya abhyardhi mariyu manastatvasaastram abhyardhi vantivi) matrame ippatikee pradaanam cheyabadutunnayi, ayithe denmark mariyu sweedanlalo, abhyardhula degreelannee konasaaginchabadutunnaayi.
denmarklo, abhyardhi degreeki rendu dasala pratyamnaayamgaa bachelor mariyu masters degreelanu saadhaaranamgaa andubaatulo unchadaaniki 1993loe vidya samskaranalu prarambhamayyayi. eee samskaranalu unnappatikee, abhyardhula degree 21va sataabdam varaku praamaanika vidya arhatagaa pariganinchabadindi. 2010loe, bachelor degreeki avasaramaina adhyayanalanu puurti chesina vidyaarthulaloo ekkuva mandhi vaari adhyayanalanu konasaaginchaaru, badulugaa abhyardhiki degree ledhaa samaanamaina degreeni pradaanam chesaaru. ekkuva mandhi vidyaarthulu eee sthaayi adhyayananni saadhinchadam konasaagistunnanduna, denmarklo kaarmika market bachelor degreelanu modati saikil degreega gowravinchadu. bologna prakriya phalitamgaa abhyardhi degreeni ikapai andinchani denmarklo aneka samsthalu abhyardhi degree maadirigaane 5 samvatsaraala paatu konasage ummadi bachelor-masters prograamlanu andistuunee unnaayi.
norwaylo, 2003 naanhyata samskarana bologna prakriyaku desham yokka sammatini amalu chesindi, mariyu chaalaa mandhi abhyardhula degreelu ikapai vidya arhatalaku pradaanam cheyabadavu. ayithe, empika chesina aneka vruttiparamaina kaaryakramaalaku bologna prakriya nundi minahaayimpu ivvabadindi, idhi abhyardhula degreelanu nirdishta 6 samvatsaraala vruttiparamaina kaaryakramaalaku pradaanam cheyadaanni konasaaginchadaaniki veelu kalpistundi. 2023 natiki, udaaharanaku, oslo vishwavidyaalayam vaidyamlo ituvanti vruttiparamaina degreelanu pradaanam chestundi.med.), manastatvasaastram (cond.maanasikamgaa.), mariyu vedaantasaastram (cond.theol.).
takkuva sthaayi deshaalu.
netherlands mariyu belgiumlo "abhyardhi diploma" anedi oka under graduate modati-chakram diploma, dheenini vishwavidyaalayam vaari abhyardhi pareekshalo utteernulaina vidyaarthulaku jaarii chesindi. diploma pondina taruvaata, "condidatus" (puurva naama sankshipta namam "cand") anae vidya sheershikanu upayoginchadaaniki arhulu."). idhi eee deshaalalo saadhinchagaligina athi takkuva vidya degree, mariyu vishwavidyaalayaala nundi bachelor degreetho (bii. eah ledhaa bii.) daadaapu polchavachhu.essi.).
vidyaarthi thana vishwavidyaalaya vidyalo gananeeyamaina mariyu mundugaa nirnayinchina bhaganni puurti chesina tarvaata abhyardhi pareeksha jarigindi; aidu samvatsaraala ledhaa anthakante ekkuva course vishayamlo saadhaaranamgaa moodava samvatsaram puurtayina tarvaata. naalugu samvatsaraala courselo vidyaarthulu vaari rendava samvatsaram chivarilo ledhaa vaari moodava samvatsaramlo, samstha nirdesinchina pramaanaalanu batti degreeni pondaaru. 1982loe netherlandslo abhyardhula degreelu dasalavaareegaa tolaginchabaddaayi, conny bologna prakriyanu pravesapettadamto bachelor degree dwara bharti cheyabaddaayi.
soviet union.
soviet unionlo, abhyardhula degreelu daadaapu doctor off philosophyki samaanamaina parisoedhanaa degreelu.
degreelu.
kalala abhyardhi.
kalala abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus magistery" ledhaa "condidate magistery"; sankshiptamgaa "cand".maag ") anedi prastutam denmarklo pradaanam cheyabade vidyaaparamaina degree. degreeni adhikarikamga aanglamloki master off artsga anuvadinchaaru mariyu prastutam 5 samvatsaraala adhyayanam avasaram. dheenini magisters degree ("magister artium" ledhaa "magister scientearum") thoo ayomayam chendakudadu, shaastreeya siddhaantaaniki balamaina praadhaanyatanistuu 7-8 samvatsaraala adhyayanalu avasaramayye degree, idhi sumaruga Phd degreeki samanam.
eee degreeni modata 1883loe denmarklo pravesapettaaru. daani charitralo chaalaa varaku, degree saadhaaranamgaa 4 nundi 5 samvatsaraala adhyayanala madhya avasaram. daani taruvaati samvatsaraallo, ganitam mariyu sahaja saastraala adhyapakulaku adhikaarika kaneesa avasaram 3.5 samvatsaraalu, mariyu humanities mariyu soshal sciences adhyapakulaku 4-4.5. nedu, eee degreeni maanaveeya saastraalalo matrame pradaanam chestaaru mariyu dheeniki aidella adhyayanam avasaram. 1920loe praarambhamaina eee degreeni norwaylo kooda pradaanam chesaaru, idhi danish degree aadhaaramgaa; 2003 nundi idhi ikapai pradaanam cheyabadaledu.
kalalu mariyu aksharaala abhyardhi.
kalalu mariyu aksharaala abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus philologiae" ledhaa "condidate philologiae"; sankshiptamgaa "cand".philol.") anedi denmarklo pradaanam cheyabade kalalu mariyu aksharaalalo vidyaaparamaina degree. saampradayakamgaa doctoratelanu vrutti jeevitamlo taruvaati dasalo senior vidyaavaettalaku pradaanam cheyabadutunnanduna, idhi vidyaasamsthalalo vrutti kosam (assistant professor ledhaa lecturerga sthaanaalaku arhata) pravesha-sthaayi shaastreeya degreega pariganinchabadutundi.
eee degreeni okappudu norwaylo kooda pradaanam chesaaru, conny 2007 natiki dasalavaareegaa ivvabadindi. aaa samayamlo, dheeniki saadhaaranamgaa norwegian vishwavidyaalayaalalo aaru samvatsaraala adhyayanam avasaram.
aardhikasaastra abhyardhi.
aardhika shaastram yokka abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus oo economics" ledhaa "condidatus oo economics"; sankshiptamgaa "cand".okon.") anedi prastutam denmarklo pradaanam cheyabadina aardhika saastramlo vidyaaparamaina degree, gatamlo island mariyu norwelalo. idhi dadapuga master off ekanaamikstoe samanam.
eee degreeni 1905loe norwaylo aardhika saastramlo anubandha vidya degreega pravesapettaaru, dheenini oslo vishwavidhyaalayamloni nyaya adhyapakulu pradaanam chesaaru mariyu ekkuvagaa ippatike cand kaligi unnavaari kosam uddesinchabadindi.nyayasthaanam. degree. degree cand.okon. kaandam maadirigaa kakunda, unnata poura sevakula sthaanaalaku arhata pondaledu.nyayasthaanam. degree. eee karyakramam saadhaaranamgaa rendu samvatsaraala paatu konasaagindi. 1934loe, idhi aardhika saastramlo swatantra 5 samvatsaraala karyakramamga maarindi. eee degreeni 2003loe norwaylo bachelor/masters degree vyavastha dwara bharti chesaaru.
1964loe island vishwavidhyaalayamlo economics und business administration facultylo business administrationlo 4 samvatsaraala prograamgaa eee degreeni modatisaarigaa andubaatulo unchaaru. idhi 1996loe prastuta bachelor mariyu masters off sains prograamlatho bharti cheyabadindi.
nyaya abhyardhi.
nyaya abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus nyaayasaastram" ledhaa "candidatas nyaayasaastram"; sankshiptamgaa "cond".nyayasthaanam.") anedi nordic praantamlooni nyaya vidyaarthulaku pradaanam cheyabadina graduate laa degree, alaage german matlade deshaalalo adhunaatana nyaya paatasaala vidyaarthulaku" "vidya hodha" "hodha rendoo".
nordic deshaalalo.
nyaayasaastramlo degreeni abhyardhi okasari denmark, estonia, finland, island, norway mariyu sweedanlalo pradaanam chesaaru. bologna prakriya kaaranamgaa denmark minaha anni nordic deshaalu tama nyaya degreelanu abhyardhi nundi masters degreeki marchukunnayi. degree kosam adhyayanam cheyadaaniki darakhaastu prakriya nordic praantam antataa atyanta poteegaa undedi, endukante nyaya saadhanaku arhata pareekshanu prabhutvam adhikarikamga diploma hakkunu manjuru chesina vishwavidhyaalayamlo matrame teesukovachhu.
denmarklo, "juridisk condidatexmen (cand. nyayasthaanam.) aidu samvatsaraala nyaya adhyayanala (180 + 120 ects) taruvaata pondabadutundi. under graduate degree antey "bachelor ii juraa" ("byaak". nyayasthaanam.") idhi saadhaaranamgaa puurti kaavadaaniki moodu samvatsaraalu padutundi (180 ects).
soviet aakramanaku mundu, post-graduate laa degree "cond" gaa undedi.nyayasthaanam."estonialo. udaaharanaku, adhyakshudu constantine pats vadda "cand" undedi. nyayasthaanam."tartu vishwavidyaalayam nundi degree. degree charitra nundi udbhavinchindi, estonia satabdaalugaa nordic deshaala prabhaavamtho undhi, udhaa.zii. danish raajyamlo bhaagam kavadam dwara. estonialo, prastuta post-graduate laa degree "igusteduce magister".
2005 kii mundu finlandlo "oichestiatine kandidatti", sankshiptamgaa otek (, jurr) undedi. kaam.) degree. dheeni sthaanamlo "ocastiatine masteri", sankshiptamgaa "otm" (, jm) nuu bharti chesaaru, idhi aidella nyaya adhyayanala (180 + 120 iktlu) taruvaata pondabadindi. gatamlo pattabhadrulaina "otke" diploma holderlu tama munupati birudunu upayoginchadam konasaaginchadaaniki arhulu.
gatamlo, islandlo embetisprof ii lagfrei ("cand") undedi. nyayasthaanam.) degree conny daani sthaanamlo ml í lögfréi ("maag") vachindi. nyayasthaanam.) "sheershika.
eee degreeni norwaylo mundugaa pradaanam chesaaru, conny 2003loe adhikarikamga "master ii retswittenscop" masters degree dwara bharti cheyabadindi, idhi 300 eee. sii. tii. laku samaanamaina aidu samvatsaraala nyaya adhyayanala tarvaata pondabadutundi. chivari "cand. nyayasthaanam."2007 vasantakaalamlo norwaylo degreelu pradaanam cheyabaddaayi.
2010 kii mundu sweeden loe "nyaayavetta condidatexmen" ("juur") undedi. kaam.") degree. munupati degreeni "nyaya pareeksha" dwara bharti chesaaru, naalugunnara samvatsaraala saadhaarana vegamtho (270 ects) adhyayanam chesina taruvaata puurti cheyabadindi. gatamlo "nyaya" loe pattabhadrudayyaadu. kaam."diploma holderlu tama birudunu upayoginchadam konasaaginchadaaniki arhulu. bologna prakriyaku mundu mariyu taruvaata, vidya degree rendu ververu diplomalaga vibhajinchabadindi. gatamlo, diguva degree "varanotari", sankshiptamgaa vn (), mariyu prastuta diguva degree "oyikeyasnotari", sankshiptamgaa (, rn) moodu samvatsaraala adhyayanam (180 ects) puurti chesina tarvaata pradaanam cheyabadutundi.
germany, austria mariyu switzerlandlalo.
germany, austria mariyu switzerlandlalo, "cand" anae padam. iur."idhi unnata nyaya vidyaarthulu vidya vaataavaranamloo upayoginche hodha. ayithe, idhi vidyaaparamaina degree kaadu. badulugaa, eee hodha antargata vishwavidyaalaya sandarbhamlo ledhaa prachuranala sandarbhamlo upayoginchabadutundi, udaaharanaku patrikalu ledhaa sankalanaalaku rachanalu. eee hodha saadhaaranamgaa intermediate pareekshanu vijayavantamgaa puurti chesina tarvaata (4 nundi 6 semisterla tarvaata) pondabadutundi mariyu idhi bachelor off laa yokka arhata sthaayiki anugunamgaa untundi. intermediate pareekshalo uttiirnata saadhinche mundu, nyaya vidyaarthulu "stud" anae paerunu upayoginchaali. iur."(studiosus euris).
germanylo, 4 nundi 6 samvatsaraala adhyayanam tarvaata modati nyaya pareekshalo uttiirnatatoe nyaya paatasaala puurtavutumdi. taruvaata, graduatelanu "reifer" anie sambodhinchavachhu. iur."(rechtsreferender) ledhaa" nyaayavetta vishwavidyaalayam."konni nyaya adhyapakulu" "diplom-jurist", "" "diplom-jurist" "(vishwavidyaalayam) anae vidyaaparamaina degreelanu kooda pradaanam chestaaru".) ledhaa "maag. iur."
austrialo, degree karyakramam diploma pareekshato mariyu academic degree "maag" thoo mugustundi. iur."avaardu icchaaru.
switzerlandlo, "cand" anae paeru. iur. bologna samskarana degree prograamnu bachelor mariyu masters systemga maarchinanduna, idhi ikapai saadhaaranam kaadu, tadwara vidya degreelu "blaa" (bachelor off laa) moodu samvatsaraala taruvaata mariyu "mlaa" (master off laa) maroe rendu samvatsaraala adhyayanam tarvaata pradaanam cheyabadataayi. academic degree "like. iur."bologna samskarana samayamlo raddu cheyabadindi. under graduate blaa prograamlo, vidyaarthulu saadhaaranamgaa "stud" anae paerunu upayogistaaru. iur."
ganitam mariyu sahaja saastraala abhyardhi.
ganitam mariyu sahaja saastraala abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus realium" ledhaa "condidatus realium"; sankshiptamgaa "cand". nijamaina.") anedi norwaylo upayoginchina maajee vidya degree, mariyu ganitam mariyu sahaja saastraalalo pradaanam cheyabadutundi. idhi 1985loe raddu cheyabadindi. eee degreeni puurti cheyadaaniki modata nirneeta vyavadhi ledhu, ayithe 7-8 samvatsaraalu saadhaaranam, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa puurti cheyadaaniki 2 nundi 4 samvatsaraala madhya patte oka vyaasamtho sahaa. 1985 natiki, adhikaarika avasaram 6 samvatsaraala adhyayanalu mariyu vyasala pani, ayithe vistrutamaina vyaasaalaku balamaina sampradaayam undhi, idhi chaalaa mandhi vidyaarthulaku ekkuva samayam teesukoovadaaniki daariteesindi. degreeni konnisaarlu Phd gaa anuvadistaaru.
vaidya abhyardhi.
vaidya abhyardhi (ledhaa "kandidata medisine"; sankshiptamgaa "cand". med.") anedi denmark, island mariyu norwelalo aaru samvatsaraala vaidya paatasaala vidyanu anusarinchi pradaanam cheyabadina vidya degree. germany, austria mariyu switzerlandloni vaidya vidyaarthulu doctor degreeni pradaanam cheyadaaniki mundu vaari vaidya adhyayanala samayamlo eee birudunu kaligi untaaru. med. (germany) ledhaa daa. med. univi. (austria) jurie mundu doctorate ledhaa diploma theesisnu samarthinchina taruvaata. pasuvaidya vaidyam, manastatvasaastram mariyu vedaantasaastramlo abhyardhula degreelatho paatu, norwaylo ippatikee pradaanam cheyabade konni latin degree sheershikalalo idhi okati.
rajakeeyaala abhyardhi.
rajakeeyaala abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus reram politikaram" ledhaa "condidate reram politikaram"; sankshiptamgaa "cand".raajakeeyam "anie paerkonnaaru.) anedi rajakeeyaalalo vidyaaparamaina degree, prastutam denmarklo matrame pradaanam cheyabadutundi. denmarklo, cand.raajakeeyam. idhi pratyaekamgaa copenhagen vishwavidyaalayam pradaanam chesina rajakeeyaalalo abhyardhi degreeni suuchistumdi. itara danish vishwavidyaalayaala nundi aardhika saastramlo degreelanu "cand" anie pilustaaru. ocon "mariyu" cand ". merk ".
norwaylo, kovvotti.raajakeeyam. gatamlo aardhikasaastram, manastatvasaastram, saamaajika shaastram mariyu raajakeeya shaastramtho sahaa anni saamaajika saastraalalo vidya degreega pradaanam cheyabadindi. chaalaa mandhi vidyaarthulu eee vyavadhini podiginchinappatikii, dheeniki saadhaaranamgaa kaneesam aaru samvatsaraala adhyayanam avasaram. daani raddu samayamlo, kovvotti.raajakeeyam. degree aacharanalo naalugu samvatsaraala candku rendu samvatsaraalu ledhaa rendunnara samvatsaraala podigimpu.maag. degree ledhaa samaanamaina arhatalu. 2003loe naanhyamaina samskaranala taruvaata, dheeni sthaanamlo master off philosophy degreeni bharti chesaaru, naamamaatrapu adhyayana samayanni aaru nundi aidu samvatsaraalaku tagginchaaru.
manastatvasaastram yokka abhyardhi.
manastatvasaastram yokka abhyardhi (; sankshiptamgaa "cand" gaa.saik "ledhaa" cand.saikol) anedi prastutam denmark mariyu norwelalo pradaanam cheyabade manastatvasaastramlo vidyaaparamaina degree. paridhi mariyu podavulo idhi masters mariyu manassu madhya ekkado oka degreeki samanam.dii.-clinical cycologylo degree.
idhi 1944loe copenhagen vishwavidhyaalayamlo mariyu 1948loe danish degree aadhaaramgaa oslo vishwavidhyaalayamlo pravesapettabadindi. denmarklo degreeki aidella adhyayanam avasaramavutundi, ayithe norwaylo adhyayanamlo bhaagamgaa aidella vidya adhyayanalu mariyu oka samvatsaram internship avasaram. bologna prakriyaloo bhaagamgaa denmarklo degreelo manastatvasaastramlo moodu samvatsaraala bachelor degree untundi, taruvaata clinical cycologylo rendu samvatsaraala masters degree untundi, idhi "cand" anae sheershikanu upayoginche hakkunu istundi.maanasikamgaa."
denmarklo eee degreeni university off copenhagen, arhus university, university off sadaran denmark mariyu alborg university pradaanam chestaayi. norwaylo eee degreeni oslo vishwavidyaalayam, norwegian university off sains und technology, bergen vishwavidyaalayam mariyu tromso vishwavidyaalayam pradaanam chestaayi.
degree puurti cheyadam valla clinical psychologist gaa licenses kosam darakhaastu chesukovadaniki arhata pondinappatikee, idhi clinical psychologyni abhyasinchadaaniki holderku adhikaram ivvadu. norwaylo, tudi pareeksha tarvaata kovvotti unnavaaru.maanasikamgaa. clinical psychologyni abhyasinchadaaniki darakhaastu chesukovacchu mariyu saadhaaranamgaa adhikaram ivvabadutundi. denmarklo okadaaniki puurti adhikaram manjuru cheyadaaniki mundu rendu samvatsaraala paryaveekshinchabadina abhyasam avasaram.
sains abhyardhi.
vignaana shaastram yokka abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus scientearum" ledhaa "condidate scientearum"; sankshiptamgaa "cand".saastriiyamgaa.") anedi prastutam denmarklo pradaanam cheyabadina vidyaaparamaina degree mariyu gatamlo norwaylo pradaanam cheyabadindi.
denmarklo, cand.saastriiyamgaa. ganita shaastram mariyu sahaja saastraalalo graduate vidyaarthulaku danish vishwavidyaalayaalu "kandidat" (abhyardhi) degreega pradaanam chese unnata sthaayi degree. adhyayanaaniki 120 eee. sii. tii. luu avasaram, mariyu saadhaaranamgaa puurti chesina bachelor degreetho paatu rendu samvatsaraala adhyayanam avasaram. eee sheershika adhikarikamga aanglamloki "master off sains" gaa anuvadinchabadindi.
norwaylo, cand.saastriiyamgaa. ganitam mariyu sahaja saastraala rangaalalo pradaanam cheyabadina unnata sthaayi degree. idhi 1985loe pravesapettabadindi, marinta kathinamaina kovvotti sthaanamlo.nijamaina. degree. puurti chesina kovvotti thoo paatu 1.5-2 samvatsaraala adhyayanam avasaram.maag. degree 3.5 samvatsaraalu. 2003loe, dhi cand.saastriiyamgaa. bologna prakriyanu sweekarinchadamlo bhaagamgaa degree sthaanamlo norwaylo "master off sains" degreeni bharti chesaaru.
vedaantasaastra abhyardhi.
vedaantasaastram yokka abhyardhi (lattin "condidatus theology" ledhaa "condidatus theology"; sankshiptamgaa "cand". theol.") anedi island, denmark mariyu norwelalo vedaantasaastramlo aarella unnata vidya karyakramam puurtayina tarvaata pradaanam cheyabade vidya degree. denmark mariyu norwelalo eee sheershika chattam dwara rakshinchabadindi. denmarklo eee birudunu master off theologyki samanamga varninchagaa, norwaylo idhi unnata sthaanamlo undhi. norwaylo, 2003 naanhyata samskarana tarvaata migilipoyina konni abhyardhi degree sheershikalalo idhi okati, mariyu naalugu samsthalu matrame jaarii cheyagalavu nla vishwavidyaalaya kalaasaala, oslo vishwavidyaalayam, mf norwegian school off theology mariyu vid pratyeka vishwavidyaalayam.
pasuvaidya vaidya abhyardhi.
pasuvaidya vaidyaaniki abhyardhi (lattin; sankshiptamgaa "cand" gaa.med.pasuvaidyudu) anedi 5.5 nundi 6 samvatsaraala pasuvaidya vaidya paatasaala vidya taruvaata scandinavian deshaalalo pradaanam cheyabade vidya degree. pasuvaidya saastramlo masters vanti pasuvaidyudigaa practies cheyadaaniki arhata saadhinche itara deshaalalo ichhe samaanamaina degreelu ivi.
eee degreeni naarvelooni norwegian university off life sciences, denmarklo unna copenhagen vishwavidyaalayam mariyu sweedanlooni swedish university off agricultural sciences pradaanam chestaayi-scandinavian deshaalalo pasuvaidya degreeni andinche ekaika vidya samsthalu. norwaylo, 2003 naanhyata samskarana tarvaata kooda pradaanam cheyabadutunna konni abhyardhula degreelalo eee birudu okati.