
monte kaarlo paddhati

monte kaarlo paddhatulu, ledhaa monte kaarlo prayogaalu, anevi sankhya phalitaalanu pondadaaniki punaraavruta yaadruchchika namuunaapai aadhaarapade ganana algorithamla yokka vistruta taragati. suutrapraayamgaa nirnayaatmakamaina samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki yaadruchchikatanu upayoginchadam antarleena bhavana. avi tarachugaa bhouthika mariyu ganita samasyalalo upayoginchabadataayi mariyu itara vidhaanaalanu upayoginchadam kashtam ledhaa asadhyam ayinappudu chaalaa upayogakaramgaa untaayi. maante kaarlo paddhatulu pradhanamgaa moodu samasya taragatulalo upayoginchabadataayih optimisation, numerical integration mariyu sambhaavyata pampinhee nundi dra utpatti cheyadam.
bhouthika shaastra sambandhita samasyalalo, dravaalu, kramarahita padaarthaalu, balamgaa jatacheyabadina ghanapadaarthaalu mariyu cellular nirmaanaalu vanti aneka janta sthaayilatho kuudina vyavasthalanu anukarinchadaaniki monte kaarlo paddhatulu upayogapadataayi (cellular kundalu namuunaa, paraspara kanam vyavasthalu, mckean-vlasov prakriyalu, vaayuvula gathi namuunaalu chudandi).
itara udaaharanalalo vyaparamlo pramaadaanni lekkinchadam mariyu ganitamlo, sanklishtamaina sarihaddu paristhithulatho bahumitiya khachitamaina integralla moolyaankanam vanti inputlalo gananeeyamaina anischiti unna modeling drugvishayaalu unnaayi. vyavasthala injaneering samasyalaku (antariksham, chamuru anveshana, vimaana roopakalpana modalainavi) anuvartanamlo.), maante kaarlo-aadhaarita vaiphalyam, vyayam adhigaminchadam mariyu schedule adhigaminchadam gurinchi anchanaalu maanava antar drushti ledhaa pratyaamnaaya "saft" paddhatula kante mamuluga merugga untaayi.
suutrapraayamgaa, sambhaavya vivaranhatho edainaa samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki monte kaarlo paddhatulanu upayoginchavacchu. pedda sankhyala chattam prakaram, konni yaadruchchika chararaasula anchanaa viluva dwara vivarinchabadina samakalanam chararaasula swatantra namuunaala anubhavika sagatu ('namuunaa sagatu') nuu teesukovadam dwara anchanaa veyavachu. chararashi yokka sambhaavyata pampineeni paramiti chesinappudu, ganita saastravettalu tarachugaa markov golusu maante kaarlo (mcmc) namuunaanu upayogistaaru. suuchimchina sthira sambhaavyata pampinheetho vivekavantamaina markov golusu namuunaanu roopondinchadam pradhana aalochana. antey, parimitiloo, mcmc paddhati dwara utpatti cheyabadutunna namuunaalu kaavalasina (lakshyam) pampinhee nundi namoonalugaa untaayi. ergodic siddhaantam dwara, sthira pampinhee anedi mcmc sampler yokka yaadruchchika sthithula anubhavika kolatala dwara anchanaa veyabadutundi.
itara samasyalalo, naan leanier evalution equation nuu santruptipariche sambhaavyata pampinheela kramam nundi dra lanu utpatti cheyadame lakshyam. sambhaavyata pampinheela yokka eee pravahalanu ellappuduu markov prakriya yokka yaadruchchika sthithula pampineelugaa ardham chesukovacchu, dheeni parivartana sambhaavyatalu prastuta yaadruchchika sthithula pampineelapai aadharapadi untaayi (mckean-vlasov prakriyalu, naan leanier filtering sameekaranam chudandi). itara sandarbhaallo manaku perugutunna namuunaa sanklishtata (perugutunna samaya kshitijamto maargam khaaliilu namuunaalu, taggutunna ushnograta paaraamitulatoe sambandham unna boltzmann-gibbs kolatalu mariyu aneka itara) thoo sambhaavyata pampinheela pravaham ivvabadutundi. eee namuunaalanu naan leanier markov golusu yokka yaadruchchika sthithula chattam yokka parinaamgaa kooda chudavachu. eee adhunaatana naan leanier markov prakriyalanu anukarinchadaaniki sahaja maargam emitante, prakriya yokka bahula kaapeelanu sample cheyadam, parinaama sameekaranamlo yaadruchchika sthithula teliyani pampineelanu sample chesina anubhavika kolatalato bharti cheyadam. saampradaaya maante kaarlo mariyu mcmc paddhatulaku viruddhamgaa, eee sagatu-kshetra kana paddhatulu varusa paraspara namuunaalapai aadhaarapadataayi. sagatu kshetram" anae padajaalam prati "namuunaalu" (kanaalu, vyaktulu, nadichevaaru, agentlu, jeevulu ledhaa samalakshanhaalu) prakriya yokka anubhavika kolatalato sankarshana chendutaayi anae vaastavaanni pratibimbistumdi. vyavastha yokka parimaanam anantam varaku marinappudu, eee yaadruchchika anubhavika kolatalu naan leanier markov golusu yokka yaadruchchika sthithula nirnayaatmaka pampinheeki kalustaayi, tadwara kanaala madhya ganaanka paraspara charya adrusyamavutundi.
daani sambhaavita mariyu algorithmic saralata unnappatikee, monte kaarlo anukaranatho anubandhinchabadina ganana vyayam aascharyakaramgaa ekkuvagaa untundi. saadhaaranamgaa eee paddhatiki manchi ujjaayimpu pondadaaniki aneka namuunaalu avasaram, idhi oke namuunaa yokka prosessing samayam ekkuvagaa unte ekapakshamgaa pedda mottam runtimenu kaliginchavacchu. chaalaa sanklishtamaina samasyalalo idhi teevramaina parimiti ayinappatikee, algorithm yokka ibbandikaramgaa samaantara swabhaavam sthaanika processorlu, clusterlu, cloude computing, gpu, fpga modalaina vaatilo samaantara computing vyuuhaala dwara eee pedda kharchunu tagginchadaaniki (bahusha saadhyamayye sthaayiki) anumatistundi.
sameeksha.
monte kaarlo paddhatulu maarutuu untaayi, conny oka nirdishta namuunaanu anusaristaayih
udaaharanaku, oka chaturasraakaaramlo chekkabadina oka chaturthaamsaanni (vruttaakaara vibhagam) pariganinchandi. vaati visteerna nishpattini batti, monte kaarlo paddhatini upayoginchi vaati viluvanu anchanaa veyavachuhu
eee prakriyaloo inputla domine anedi quadrantnu chuttumutte chadarapu. memu chadarapu meeda chedaragottadam dwara yaadruchchika inputlanu utpatti chestaamu, aapai prati inputpai ganananu nirvahistaamu (idhi quadrant lopalaku vastunda anie pareekshinchandi). phalitaalanu sameekarinchadam valla mana tudi phalitam, sumaruga.
rendu mukhyamaina parigananalu unnaih
monte kaarlo paddhatula upayogaalaku pedda mottamlo yaadruchchika sankhyalu avasaram, mariyu vaati upayogam sudorandum number generatorla nundi chaalaa prayojanam pondindi, ivi gatamlo ganaanka namuunaa kosam upayoginchina yaadruchchika sankhyala pattikalu kante chaalaa vaegamgaa upayoginchabaddaayi.
charitra.
monte kaarlo paddhati abhivruddhi chendadaaniki mundu, anukaranalu gatamlo ardham chesukunna nirnayaatmaka samasyanu pareekshinchaayi, mariyu anukaranalalo anischitulanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki ganaanka namuunaanu upayoginchaaru. maante kaarlo anukaranalu eee vidhananni tippikodataayi, sambhaavya meta huristics upayoginchi nirnayaatmaka samasyalanu parishkaristaayi (anukarana annelling chudandi).
buffon suudi samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki maante kaarlo paddhati yokka prarambha roopaantaram roopondinchabadindi, dheenilo samaantara samaanaduurapu pattiilatoe chesina neelapai suudini veyadam dwara anchanaa veyavachu. 1930laloe, neutron vyaaptini adhyayanam chestunnappudu enrico fermi mottamodata maante kaarlo paddhatini prayoginchaaru, conny athanu eee rachananu prachurinchaledu.
1940la chivaralo, stanisla ulam laas alamos jaateeya prayogasaalalo anhu aayudhaala prajectulapai panichestunnappudu markov golusu maante kaarlo paddhati yokka aadhunika samskarananu kanugonnadu. 1946loe, laas alamos vadda anhu aayudhaala bhouthika saastravettalu anhu ayudham yokka pradhana bhaagamlo neutron vyaaptini parisoedhistunnaaru. oka neutron anhu kendrakaanni dheekone mundu oka padaardhamlo prayaaninchae sagatu dhooram mariyu oka gharshana taruvaata neutron entha saktini vadulukune avakaasam undhi vanti avasaramaina dayta chaalaa unnappatikee, laas alamos bhouthika saastravettalu sampradaaya, nirnayaatmaka ganita paddhatulanu upayoginchi samasyanu parishkarinchalekapoyaru. yaadruchchika prayogaalanu upayoginchi ulam pratipaadinchaadu. ayana thana prerananu eee krindi vidhamgaa vivarinchaaduh
rahasyamgaa undadamtho, vaan neuman mariyu ulam rachanalaku sanketha namam avasaram. nicolus mahanagaram vaan neuman mariyu ulam yokka sahodyogi, "monte kaarlo" anae paerunu upayoginchaalani suuchimchaaru, idhi monakoloni monte kaarlo casinonu suuchistumdi, ikkada ulam maama bandhuvula nundi joodam aadataaniki dabbu appu teesukuntaaru. 
monton prajectuku avasaramaina anukaranalaku monte kaarlo paddhatulu kendramgaa undevi, ayithe aaa samayamlo ganana saadhanaala dwara teevramgaa parimitam cheyabaddaayi. vaan neuman, nicolus metropolis mariyu itarulu 1948 vasantakaalamlo vichchitti aayudha core yokka mottamodati puurtigaa svayamchaalaka maante kaarlo gananalanu nirvahinchadaaniki aniac computernu programme chesaaru. 1950laloe maante kaarlo paddhatulu hydrogen bambu abhivruddhi kosam laas alamoselo upayoginchabaddaayi mariyu bhouthika shaastram, bhouthika rasayana shaastram mariyu karyakalapala parisoedhana rangaalalo prachuryam pondaayi. raand corporation mariyu yuu.ess. eee samayamlo monte kaarlo paddhatulapai samaachaaraaniki nidhulu samakuurchadam mariyu vyaapti cheyadaaniki baadhyata vahinche rendu pradhana samsthalu vaimanika dalam, mariyu vaaru aneka vibhina rangaalalo vistruta anuvartanaanni kanugonadam praarambhinchaaru.
marinta adhunaatana sagatu-kshetra rakam kana maante kaarlo paddhatula siddhaantam khachitamgaa 1960la madhya natiki henry pii yokka krushitho praarambhamaindi. mckean juuniyar. dravam yantrasaastramlo utpannamayye naan leanier parabolic partial differential equationla taragati yokka markov vivaranalapai. theodor ii raasina munupati maargadarsaka kathanaanni kooda memu utankinchaamu. kana prasaara saktulanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki sagatu-kshetra janyu-rakam monte kaarlo paddhatulanu upayoginchi 1951loe prachurinchabadina haaris und herman cohn. sagatu-kshetra janyu rakam maante kaarlo paddhatulu huristic sahaja shodhana algorithamlugaa kooda upayoginchabadataayi (a.keey.eah. parinaamaatmaka gananalo metaheriuristic). eee sagatu-kshetra ganana paddhatula muulaalanu 1950 mariyu 1954loe janyu rakam mutation-empika abhyasa yantraalapai alan turing chesina pani mariyu newjerseelooni prinsetanloni institute pharr advanced studylo neels aall bariselli raasina vyaasaalatoe gurtinchavacchu.
quantum monte kaarlo, mariyu marinta pratyaekamgaa vyaapti monte kaarlo paddhatulanu faneman-cock maargam integrals yokka sagatu-kshetra kana maante kaarlo ujjaayimpugaa kooda ardham chesukovacchu. quantum maante kaarlo paddhatula muulaalu tarachugaa enrico fermi mariyu robbert richmeyarlaku aapadinchabaddaayi, veeru 1948loe neutron-golusu praticharyala yokka sagatu-kshetra kana vivarananu abhivruddhi chesaaru, conny modati huristic-lanty mariyu janyu rakam kana algorithm (a.keey.eah. quantum vyavasthala yokka ground state energylanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki (taggina maatrika namoonaalalo) tirigi namuunaa ledhaa punarnirminchina maante kaarlo paddhatulu) jaak hetch kaaranamgaa untaayi. 1984loe heatherington, molecular chemistrylo, janyu huristic lanty kana paddhatula vadakam (a.keey.eah. kattirimpu mariyu susampannata vyuuhaalu) marshal enn yokka praathamika panitho 1955 varaku gurtinchavacchu. rosenblath mariyu ariana doubleu. rosenblath.
adhunaatana signal prosessing mariyu biasian anumatiki varusa maante kaarlo vadakam iteevalidi. adhi 1993loe, aaa garden mariyu itarulu., vaari praathamika paniloo biasian statistical inferencelo maante kaarlo resampling algorithm yokka modati application prachurinchabadindi. rachayitalu tama algorithanku 'bootstrop filter' anie paeru pettaru, mariyu itara vadapotha paddhathulatho poliste, vaari bootstrop algorithanku aaa sthithi-sthalam ledhaa vyavastha yokka sabdam gurinchi etuvanti ooha avasaram ledani pradarsinchaaru. sambandhita "monte kaarlo filter" paie gentiro kitagawa yokka eee rangamlo maroka maargadarsaka kathanaanni kooda memu utankinchaamu, mariyu 1990la madhyalo prachurinchabadina partical filterlapy pierry dell moral mariyu hilcon carvalho, pierry dell moral, andree monin mariyu gerard salat raasina vaatini kooda udaharinchaamu. signal prosessinglo partical filterlu kooda 1989-1992 bye p loe abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi. dell naitika, zhe. sii. noyer, zii. rigal, mariyu zii. radar/sonar mariyu gps signal prosessing samasyalapai ess tii kn (servies technic dess constructions ett arms navals), it company digilog mariyu laas-cnrs (vislaeshanha mariyu vyavasthala nirmaanam kosam prayogasaala) thoo kuudina parimita mariyu vargeekruta parisoedhanaa nivedikala shrenilo laas-cnrsku vandanam. eee varusa maante kaarlo paddhatulanu paraspara charya recycling yantraamgamtho kuudina angeekaaram-tiraskarana namoonaga ardham chesukovacchu.
1950 nundi 1996 varaku, ganana bhouthika shaastram mariyu paramaanu rasayana saastramlo pravesapettina kattirimpu mariyu namuunaa monte kaarlo paddhathulatho sahaa varusa monte kaarlo paddhatulapai anni prachuranalu, vaati sthirathvaaniki okka rujuvu lekunda vividha paristhitulaku vartinche sahaja mariyu huristic-lanty algorithamlanu pradarsinchaayi, ledhaa anchanaala pakshapaatam mariyu vamsapaaramparya mariyu puurveekula vruksha aadhaarita algorithamlapai charchinchaledu. ganita punaadulu mariyu eee kana algorithamla yokka modati kathinamaina vislaeshanhanu 1996loe pierry dell moral raasaaru.
vividha janabha parimaanaalatoe kuudina saakhala rakam kana paddhatulanu kooda 1990la chivaralo daan chrisson, jessica gains mariyu terrie leones mariyu daan chrisson, pierry dell naitika mariyu terrie leones abhivruddhi chesaaru. eee rangamlo tadupari parinaamaalu 1999 nundi 2001 varaku p dwara vivarinchabaddaayi. dell naitika, a. gionet mariyu ell. micro.
nirvachanalu.
maante kaarlo" nuu elaa nirvachinchaalane daanipai ekaabhipraayam ledhu. udaaharanaku, ripley chaalaa sambhaavya namuunaanu "yaadruchchika anukarana" gaa nirvachistundi, "maante kaarlo" nuu maante kaarlo ekikarana mariyu maante kaarlo ganaanka pareekshala kosam ketaayinchaaru. savilovsky anukarana, maante kaarlo paddhati mariyu maante kaarlo anukarana madhya thedaanu gurtinchaaduh anukarana anedi vaastavikataku kalpita praatinidhyam, maante kaarlo paddhati anedi ganita ledhaa ganaanka samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki upayoginche oka saanketikata, mariyu maante kaarlo anukarana anedi konni drugvishayaala (ledhaa pravartana) ganaanka lakshanaalanu pondadaaniki punaraavruta namuunaanu upayogistundi. udaaharanalu
calos mariyu whitelock atuvanti vyatyaasaalanu nirvahinchadam ellappuduu sulabham kaadani etthi chuuputaayi. udaaharanaku, anuvula nundi radiation vidudala anedi sahaja yaadruchchika prakriya. dheenini neerugaa anukarinchavacchu ledhaa daani sagatu pravartananu yaadruchchika sameekaranaala dwara vivarinchavacchu, veetini maante kaarlo paddhatulanu upayoginchi parishkarinchavacchu. "nijaaniki, adhe computer kodnu ekakaalamlo 'sahaja anukarana' gaa ledhaa sahaja namuunaa dwara sameekaranaala parishkaramga chudavachu."
maante kaarlo mariyu yaadruchchika sankhyalu.
eee paddhati venuka unna pradhana aalochana emitante, punaraavruta yaadruchchika namuunaa mariyu ganaanka vislaeshanha aadhaaramgaa phalitaalu lekkinchabadataayi. maante kaarlo anukarana, vaastavaaniki, yaadruchchika prayogaalu, eee prayogaala phalitaalu baga teliyakapothe.
monte kaarlo anukaranalu saadhaaranamgaa aneka teliyani paaraamitulache vargeekarinchabadataayi, veetilo chaalaa varaku prayogaatmakamgaa pondadam kashtam. maante kaarlo anukarana paddhatulaku ellappuduu nijamgaa yaadruchchika sankhyalu upayogakaramgaa undaalsina avasaram ledhu (ayinappatikee, praathamika pareeksha vanti konni anuvartanaalaku, oohinchalenidi chaalaa mukhyam). chaalaa upayogakaramaina paddhatulu nirnayaatmaka, nakilee kramaanni upayogistaayi, idhi anukaranalanu pareekshinchadam mariyu tirigi amalu cheyadaanni sulabhataram chestundi. manchi anukaranalu cheyadaaniki saadhaaranamgaa avasaramaina ekaika naanhyata emitante, nakilee-yaadruchchika kramam oka nirdishta konamlo "yaadrucchikamgaa taginanta" gaa kanipinchadam.
dheeni ardham emitante, applicationpy aadharapadi untundi, conny saadhaaranamgaa vaaru ganaanka pareekshala shrenilo uttiirnata saadhinchaali. kramam yokka pedda sankhyalo muulakaalanu pariganinchinappudu sankhyalu ekareetigaa pampinhee cheyabadatayani ledhaa maroka kaavalasina pampineeni anusaristaayani pareekshinchadam saralamaina mariyu atyanta saadhaaranamaina vaatilo okati. varusa namuunaala madhya balaheenamaina sahasambandhaalu kooda tarachugaa kavalsinavi/avasaram.
savilovsky adhika-naanhyata monte kaarlo anukarana yokka lakshanaalanu jabita chestundih
suudoe-yaadruchchika sankhyala namuunaa algorithamlu icchina sambhaavyata pampinhee prakaram pampinhee cheyabadina sankhyalugaa ekareetigaa pampinhee cheyabadina suudoe-yaadruchchika sankhyalanu maarchadaaniki upayoginchabadataayi.
takkuva-vyatyaasa shrenulu tarachugaa oka sthalam nundi yaadruchchika namuunaaku badulugaa upayoginchabadataayi, endukante avi samaana kavarejeeni nirdhaaristaayi mariyu saadhaaranamgaa yaadruchchika ledhaa nakilee shrenulanu upayoginchi maante kaarlo anukaranala kante vaegamgaa kalayikanu kaligi untaayi. vaati upayogam aadhaaramgaa paddhatulanu pakshika-maante kaarlo paddhatulu antaaru.
maante kaarlo anukarana phalitaalapai yaadruchchika sankhya naanhyata prabhavanni anchanaa vese prayatnamlo, khagola bhouthika parisoedhakulu intel yokka rdrand suuchanala samiti dwara utpatti cheyabadina guudha lipi saastraparamgaa-surakshitamaina nakilee raandam sankhyalanu pareekshinchaaru, mersen twister vanti algorithamla nundi pondina vaatitho poliste, godhuma marugujjula nundi radeo mantala monte kaarlo anukaranalalo. rdrand anedi nijamaina yaadruchchika sankhya generatorku atyanta sameepamaina sudorandam sankhya generator. vilakshanhamaina sudorandum number generatorlatho utpatti cheyabadina namuunaalu mariyu 107 yaadruchchika sankhyala utpattitoe kuudina trials kosam rdrand madhya ganankaparamga gananeeyamaina vyatyaasam kanugonabadaledu.
maante kaarlo anukarana verses "vaat iff" drushyaalu.
maante kaarlo anukaranalu kaani sambhaavyatanu upayoginchadaaniki margalu unnaayi-udaaharanaku, single-point anchanaalanu upayoginchi nirnayaatmaka namuunaa. oka namuunaalooni prati anischita chararaasiki "uttama anchanaa" anchanaa ketayinchabadutundi. prati input variable kosam drushyaalu (uttamamainavi, chettha ledhaa chaalaa matuku sandarbham vantivi) enchukoobadataayi mariyu phalitaalu namodu cheyabadataayi.
dheeniki viruddhamgaa, monte kaarlo anukaranalu prati chararaasiki sambhaavyata pampinhee nundi vandala ledhaa vaelaadi saadhyamaina phalitaalanu utpatti cheyadaaniki namuunaa. vividha phalitaala sambhaavyatanu pondadaaniki phalitaalu vislaeshimchabadataayi. udaaharanaku, saampradaaya "vaat iff" drushyaalanu upayoginchi nadiche spreadsheet vyaya nirmaana namuunaa yokka poolika, aapai maante kaarlo anukarana mariyu tribhujaakaara sambhaavyata pampinheelatho polikanu mallee amalu cheyadam monte kaarlo vislaeshanha "vaat iff" vislaeshanha kante irukaina paridhini kaligi undani choopistundi. endukante "vaat iff" vislaeshanha anni paristhitulaku samaana baruvunu istundi (corporate financelo anischitini lekkinchadam chudandi), ayithe maante kaarlo paddhati chaalaa takkuva sambhaavyata praantaalalo namuunaalanu chuupadu. atuvanti praantaalalo namuunaalanu "arudaina sanghatanalu" anie pilustaaru.
applications.
maante kaarlo paddhatulu mukhyamgaa aneka janta degreela swechchatho inputlu mariyu vyavasthalalo gananeeyamaina anischiti unna drugvishayaanni anukarinchadaaniki upayogapadataayi. application yokka praantaalu
bhouthika saastraalu.
monte kaarlo paddhatulu ganana bhouthika shaastram, bhouthika rasayana shaastram mariyu sambandhita anuvartita rangaalalo chaalaa mukhyamainavi, mariyu sanklishtamaina quantum chromodynamics gananala nundi ushna kavachalu mariyu aerodynamic roopaalanu roopondinchadam varaku alaage radiation dosimetry gananala kosam radiation ravaanaanu roopondinchadamlo vibhina anuvartanaalanu kaligi unnaayi. ganaanka bhouthika saastramlo, monte kaarlo molecular modeling anedi ganana paramaanu dynamicsku pratyaamnaayam, mariyu monte kaarlo paddhatulu saadhaarana kanaalu mariyu polymer vyavasthala ganaanka kshetra siddhaantaalanu lekkinchadaaniki upayoginchabadataayi. quantum maante kaarlo paddhatulu quantum vyavasthala kosam aneka-shareera samasyanu parishkaristaayi. radiation materials sainslo, ayan implantationnu anukarinchadaaniki binary coalition ujjaayimpu saadhaaranamgaa tadupari dheekone anuvunu enchukoovadaaniki maante kaarlo vidhaanampai aadharapadi untundi. prayogaatmaka kana bhouthika saastramlo, maante kaarlo paddhatulu detectorla roopakalpana, vaati pravartananu ardham chesukovadam mariyu prayogaatmaka daetaanu siddhaantamtoe poolchadaaniki upayoginchabadataayi. khagola bhouthika saastramlo, avi galaxy parinaamam mariyu sthuula graha uparitalam dwara microwave radiation transmission rendintinee modal cheyadaaniki vividha paddhatullo upayoginchabadataayi. aadhunika vaataavarana suuchanaku aadhaaramaina samishti namoonaalalo kooda maante kaarlo paddhatulu upayoginchabadataayi.
injaneering.
maante kaarlo paddhatulu injaneeringlo sunnitatva vislaeshanha mariyu prakriya roopakalpanalo parimaanaatmaka sambhaavyata vislaeshanha kosam vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutunnaayi. vilakshanhamaina prakriya anukaranala yokka paraspara, saha-sarala mariyu naan-leanier pravartana nundi avasaram talettutundi. udaaharanaku,
vaataavarana maarpu mariyu radiative fores.
vaataavarana maarpulapai antar prabhutva panel radiative forcesing yokka sambhaavyata saandrata function vislaeshanhaloo maante kaarlo paddhatulapai aadhaarapadutundi.
ganana jeevasaastram.
monte kaarlo paddhatulu ganana jeevasaastramlooni vividha rangaalalo upayoginchabadataayi, udaaharanaku phylogenylo beyesian anchanaa kosam ledhaa janyuvulu, proteins ledhaa poralu vanti jeeva vyavasthalanu adhyayanam cheyadaaniki.
kaavalasina khachitatvanni batti vyavasthalanu mutaka-dhaanyaala ledhaa "abb initio" frameworklalo adhyayanam cheyavachu. 
udaaharanaku, edainaa rasayana praticharya jarugutondo ledho chuudataaniki oka nirdishta anuvu yokka sthaanika vaataavaranaanni paryaveekshinchadaaniki computer anukaranalu anumatistaayi. bhouthika prayogaanni nirvahinchadam saadhyam kaani sandarbhaallo, aalochanaa prayogaalanu nirvahinchavacchu (udaaharanakuh bandhaalanu vichchinnam cheyadam, nirdishta pradaesaalaloo malinalanu pravesapettadam, sthaanika/prapancha nirmaanaanni marchadam ledhaa bahya kshetraalanu pravesapettadam).
computer graphics.
appudappudu maante kaarlo rae tracing anie piluvabade paath tracing, saadhyamayye kaanti maargaala namuunaalanu yaadrucchikamgaa trace cheyadam dwara 3dii drushyaanni andistundi. edainaa pixel yokka punaraavruta namuunaanu chivariki namuunaala sagatu rendering sameekaranam yokka saraina parishkaarampai kalustundi, idhi bhouthikamgaa atyanta khachitamaina 3dii graphics rendering paddhatullo okatigaa maarutundi.
anuvartita ganaamkaalu.
ganankalalo maante kaarlo prayogaalaku pramaanaalanu savilovsky nirdesinchaaru. anuvartita ganankalalo, maante kaarlo paddhatulanu kaneesam naalugu prayojanaala kosam upayoginchavachhuh
monte kaarlo paddhatulu kooda sumaru yaadruchchikata mariyu prastaarana pareekshala madhya raajee. sumaru yaadruchchika pareeksha anedi anni prastaaranala yokka nirdishta upasamiti meeda aadharapadi untundi (idhi prastaaranalu pariganinchabade apaaramaina gruha nirvahananu kaligi untundi). maante kaarlo vidhanam yaadrucchikamgaa geesina kramapallavaala yokka nirdishta sankhyapai aadharapadi untundi (kramapallavam rendusaarlu geesinatlayithe-ledhaa marinta tarachugaa-yea kramapallavalanu track cheyalsina avasaram ledhu anae saamarthyam kosam khachitatvamlo chinna nashtanni marpidi cheyadam ippatike enchukunnaaru).
aatala kosam krutrima medhassu.
maante-kaarlo tree serch anae saanketikatagaa maante kaarlo paddhatulu abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi, idhi aatalo uttama kadalika kosam vetakadaaniki upayogapadutundi. saadhyamayye kadalikalu shodhana chettulo nirvahinchabadataayi mariyu prati kadalika yokka deerghakaalika saamarthyaanni anchanaa vaeyadaaniki aneka yaadruchchika anukaranalu upayoginchabadataayi. block baaks simulator pratyarthi kadalikalanu suuchistumdi.
monte kaarlo tree serch (emm. tii. ess) paddhatiloo naalugu dasalu unnaih
aneka anukarana aatallo nikara prabhavam emitante, oka kadalikanu soochinche node viluva paiki ledhaa krindiki velutundi, aaa node manchi kadalikanu suuchistumdaa ledhaa anedaaniki anugunamgaa untundi.
goo, tantrics, yuddhanauka, havannah mariyu arima vanti atalanu aadataaniki monte kaarlo chettu shodhana vijayavantamgaa upayoginchabadindi.
design mariyu visuals.
monte kaarlo paddhatulu radiation kshetraalu mariyu shakti ravana yokka yugma samagra avakalana sameekaranaalanu parishkarinchadamlo kooda samarthavantamgaa panicheestaayi, anduvalla eee paddhatulu veediyo games, nirmaanam, roopakalpana, computer utpatti chesina chalanachitraalu mariyu cinematic special effects loe anuvartanaalato virtual 3dii namuunaala photo-realistic chitraalanu utpatti chese prapancha prakaasa gananalalo upayoginchabaddaayi.
vetakandi mariyu rakshinchandi.
shodhana mariyu rakshana karyakalapala samayamlo naukala sambhaavya sthaanaalanu lekkinchadaaniki us coast gaard thana computer modeling software saraplalo maante kaarlo paddhatulanu upayogistundi. prati anukarana andinchina chararaasula aadhaaramgaa yaadrucchikamgaa pampinhee cheyabadina padhi vaela dayta paayintlanu utpatti cheyagaladu. niyantrana (piosi) sambhaavyatanu mariyu gurtinche sambhaavyata (paad) nuu optimize cheyadaaniki eee dayta yokka extrapolationla aadhaaramgaa shodhana namuunaalu utpatti cheyabadataayi, ivi kalisi mottam vijayam (pos) sambhaavyataku samanam avtayi. chivariki idhi praanaalanu mariyu vanarulanu kaapaadutuu, atyanta vegavantamaina mariyu atyanta anukuulamaina rakshana paddhatini andinchadaaniki sambhaavyata pampinhee yokka aacharanaatmaka anuvartanamgaa panichestundi.
aardhika mariyu vyapara.
monte kaarlo anukarana saadhaaranamgaa vividha nirnaya empikala phalitaanni prabhaavitam chese pramaadam mariyu anischitini anchanaa vaeyadaaniki upayoginchabadutundi. maante kaarlo anukarana vyapara pramaada vislaeshakudiki ammakaala parimaanam, vastuvu mariyu kaarmika dharalu, vaddii mariyu marakam raetlu vanti chararaasulaloo anischiti yokka mottam prabhavalanu, alaage oppandaanni raddu cheyadam ledhaa pannu chattam yokka maarpu vanti vibhina pramaada sanghatanala prabhavanni chaerchadaaniki anumatistundi.
aardhika rangamlo maante kaarlo paddhatulu tarachugaa vyapara vibhagam ledhaa corporate sthaayilo ledhaa itara aardhika madimpulalo prajectulalo pettubadulanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki upayogistaaru. vaatini project schedulanu roopondinchadaaniki upayoginchavacchu, ikkada mottam project phalitaalanu nirnayinchadaaniki prati paniki chettha-kesu, uttama-kesu mariyu chaalaa varaku vyavadhula kosam anukaranalu mottam anchanaalanu sekaristaayi. maante kaarlo paddhatulu empika dhara nirnayamlo, default risk vislaeshanhaloo kooda upayoginchabadataayi. adanamgaa, vaidya jokyala aardhika prabhavanni anchanaa vaeyadaaniki vaatini upayoginchavacchu.
chattam.
wisconsinloni mahilaa petitionerlu vaedhimpulu mariyu gruha durviniyoga nirodhaka aadesaala kosam vaari darakhastulalo vijayavantam kaavadaaniki sahaayapadataaniki pratipaadita karyakramam yokka sambhaavya viluvanu anchanaa vaeyadaaniki monte kaarlo vidhanam upayoginchabadindi. mahilalu tama petitionlalo vijayam saadhinchadaaniki vaariki ekkuva nyaayavaadaanni andinchadam dwara atyaachaaram mariyu saareeraka daadi pramaadaanni tagginchadaaniki idhi pratipaadinchabadindi. edemaina, nirbandha aadesaala prabhavam, nyaayavaaditoe mariyu lekunda petitionerla vijaya raetu mariyu aneka itara vaatitho sahaa sampuurnamgaa anchanaa veyaleni aneka chararaasulu unnaayi. mottam pratipaadita karyakramam yokka vijaya sthaayi yokka mottam anchanaanu roopondinchadaaniki eee chararaasulanu marche pareekshalanu eee adhyayanam nirvahinchindi.
library sains.
malaysialo pustaka shaili aadhaaramgaa pustaka prachuranala sankhyanu anukarinchadaaniki monte kaarlo vidhanam kooda upayoginchabadindi. monte kaarlo anukarana sthaanika marketlo pustaka shaili prakaram munupati prachurinchina jaateeya pustaka prachurana dayta mariyu pustaka dharanu upayoginchindi. malaysianlu yea rakamaina pustaka sailini ishtapadataro nirnayinchadaaniki monte kaarlo phalitaalu upayoginchabaddaayi mariyu malaysia mariyu japan madhya pustaka prachuranalanu poolchadaaniki upayoginchabaddaayi.
inko.
nassim nicolus tayleb thana 2001 pustakam "yaadruchchikatato mosaginchabaddadu" loe maante kaarlo generatorla gurinchi riverse turing pareekshaku nijamaina udaaharanagaa rasadu oka maanavuni rachananu srushtinchina daanikante vaerugaa cheppalekapothe atanni telivitakkuvaadugaa prakatinchavacchu.
ganitamlo upayoginchandi.
saadhaaranamgaa, monte kaarlo paddhatulu ganita saastramlo tagina yaadruchchika sankhyalanu utpatti cheyadam dwara vividha samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki upayoginchabadataayi (yaadruchchika sankhyala utpattini kooda chudandi) mariyu konni lakshanaalu ledhaa lakshanaalaku kattubadi unde sankhyala yokka aaa bhinnanni gamaninchandi. vislaeshanhaatmakamgaa parishkarinchadaaniki chaalaa klishtamaina samasyalaku sankhyaaparamaina parishkaralanu pondadaaniki eee paddhati upayogapadutundi. monte kaarlo paddhati yokka atyanta saadhaarana anuvartanam monte kaarlo ekikarana.
ekikarana.
nirneeta sankhya samaikyata algorithamlu takkuva sankhyalo kolatalalo baga panicheestaayi, conny functionlu aneka chararaasulanu kaligi unnappudu rendu samasyalanu edurkontaayi. modatidi, kolatala sankhyatho paatu avasaramaina function madimpula sankhya vaegamgaa perugutundi. udaaharanaku, 10 moolyaankanam oka konamlo tagina khachitatvanni andiste, appudu 100 kolatalaku 10100 paayintlu avasaram-lekkinchadaaniki chaalaa ekkuva. dheenini dimentionality saapam antaaru. rendavadi, oka bahumitiya praantam yokka sarihaddu chaalaa sanklishtamgaa undavacchu, kabatti samasyanu punaraavruta samagramgaa tagginchadam saadhyam kakapovachhu. aneka bhouthika samasyalalo, "parimaanam" anedi oka sthaayi swechchaku samanam kabatti, 100 parimaanaalu yea vidhamgaanuu asaadhaaranam kaadu.
monte kaarlo paddhatulu ganana samayamlo eee ghaataanka perugudala nundi bayatapadataaniki oka marganni andistaayi. prasnalooni function sahetukamgaa baga pravartinchinanta varaku, 100-dimensional space loe yaadrucchikamgaa paayintlanu enchukovadam dwara mariyu eee paayintla vadda function viluvala yokka sagatunu teesukovadam dwara anchanaa veyavachu. kendra parimiti siddhaantam prakaram, eee paddhati suutram _ 1 convergence-i nii pradarsistundi.ii., parimaanaala sankhyatho sambandham lekunda, namuunaa paayintla sankhyanu naalugu retlu penchadam valla lopam sagam avutundi.
ganankalalo praamukhyata namuunaa anie piluvabade eee paddhati yokka merugudala, yaadrucchikamgaa paayintlanu namuunaa cheyadam, conny integrand peddadigaa unna chota marinta tarachugaa untundi. deenni khachitamgaa cheyadaaniki ippatike integralnu telusukovali, conny ilanti function yokka integral dwara integralnu anchanaa veyavachu ledhaa stratified sampling, recursive stratified sampling, adaptive godugu sampling ledhaa vegas algorithm vanti adaptive roteinlanu upayoginchavacchu.
idhe vidhamaina vidhanam, pakshika-monte kaarlo paddhati, takkuva-vyatyaasam gala kramaanni upayogistundi. eee shrenulu aaa praantaanni baga "nimputaayi" mariyu atyanta mukhyamaina amsaalanu marinta tarachugaa namoonaga teesukuntaayi, kabatti pakshika-maante kaarlo paddhatulu tarachugaa samagratapai marinta vaegamgaa kalustaayi.
valuemlo paayintla sampling kosam maroka taragati paddhatulu daani meeda yaadruchchika nadakanu anukarinchadam (markov chain monte kaarlo). atuvanti paddhatulalo metropolis-hustings algorithm, gibbs sampling, wang mariyu landou algorithm mariyu kramaanugata maante kaarlo sampler vanti paraspara charya rakam mcmc paddhatulu unnaayi.
anukarana mariyu optimisation.
sankhya anukaranalo yaadruchchika sankhyala kosam maroka saktivantamaina mariyu chaalaa prajaadarana pondina anuvartanam sankhya optimisationlo undhi. samasya emitante, tarachugaa aneka kolatalu kaligina konni vector yokka functionlanu tagginchadam (ledhaa penchadam). aneka samasyalanu eee vidhamgaa padabandham cheyavachuhu udaaharanaku, oka computer chess prograamnu chivarilo uttama muulyaankana paniteerunu utpatti chese 10 kadalikala samitini kanugonadaaniki prayatnistunnatlugaa chudavachu. travelling sales maan samasyalo prayaaninchina dooraanni tagginchadame lakshyam. injaneering designku bahula vibhagala design optimisation vanti anuvartanaalu kooda unnaayi. pedda aakruteekarana sthalaanni samarthavantamgaa anveshinchadam dwara kana gatiseelata samasyalanu parishkarinchadaaniki idhi pakshika-oka-dimensional namuunaalatoe vartinchabadutundi. anukarana mariyu optimisationku sambandhinchina aneka samasyalapai samagra sameeksha anedi suuchana.
travelling sales maan samasyanu sampradaaya optimisation samasya antaaru. antey, anusarinchaalsina saraina marganni nirnayinchadaaniki avasaramaina anni vaastavaalu (prati gamya binduvu madhya dhooraalu) khachitamgaa telusu mariyu athi takkuva mottam dhooram unnadaanni kanugonadaaniki saadhyamayye prayaana empikala dwara parugettadam lakshyam. ayithe, prati gamyasthanaanni sandarsinchadaaniki prayaaninchina mottam dooraanni tagginchaalanukune badulu, prati gamyasthanaanni cherukovadaniki avasaramaina mottam samayanni tagginchaalanukuntunnaamani anukundam. prayaana samayam swabhavikamga anischitamgaa (traaphik jaamlu, roeju samayam modalainavi) unnanduna idhi sampradaaya optimisationku minchinadi.). phalitamgaa, mana saraina marganni nirnayinchadaaniki, oka sthaanam nundi maroka pradaesaaniki velladaaniki patte sambhaavya samayala paridhini ardham chesukovadaniki anukarana-optimizationnu upayoginchaalanukuntunnaam (oka nirdishta dhooram kante eee sandarbhamlo sambhaavyata pampinhee dwara suuchimchabadutumdi), aapai aaa anischitini parigananaloki teesukoni anusarinchadaaniki uttama marganni gurtinchadaaniki mana prayaana nirnayaalanu optimize cheyandi.
vyatiraeka samasyalu.
viloma samasyala sambhaavyata suutreekarana namuunaa sthalamlo sambhaavyata pampinhee yokka nirvachanaaniki daariteestundi. eee sambhaavyata pampinhee konni gamaninchadagina paaraamitulanu (dayta) kolavadam dwara pondina kotta samaachaaramtho mundastu samacharanni militam chestundi.
saadhaaranamgaa, namuunaa paaraamitulatoe daetaanu anusandhaaninche siddhaantam naan leanier, namuunaa sthalamlo posterior sambhaavyatanu vivarinchadam sulabham kakapovachhu (idhi multimodal kaavacchu, konni kshanaalu nirvachinchabadakapovachhu modalainavi.).
viloma samasyanu vislaeshimchaetappudu, garishta sambhaavyata namuunaanu pondadam saadhaaranamgaa saripodu, endukante memu saadhaaranamgaa dayta yokka spashtata saktipai samacharanni kooda kaligi undalanukuntunnamu. saadhaarana sandarbhamlo manaku aneka namuunaa paaraamitulu undavacchu, mariyu vaddii yokka upanta sambhaavyata saandratalanu tanikhi cheyadam aacharana saadhyam kakapovachhu ledhaa panikiraanidi kooda kaavacchu. conny posterior sambhaavyata pampinhee prakaram namuunaala pedda sekarananu nakileega utpatti cheyadam mariyu modal lakshanaala yokka saapeksha sambhaavyatapai samacharam prekshakulaku teliyajese vidhamgaa namuunaalanu vislaeshimchi pradarsinchadam saadhyamavutundi. oka praadhaanyata" pampinheeki spashtamaina suutram andubaatulo laeni sandarbhaallo kooda, samarthavanthamaina monte kaarlo paddhati dwara dheenini saadhinchavachchu.
atyanta prasiddha praamukhyata namuunaa paddhati, metropolis algorithm, saadhaaraneekarinchavachchu, mariyu idhi sanklishtamaina "oka praadhaanyata" samacharam mariyu detatho ekapaksha sabdam pampinheetho (bahusha atyanta naan leanier) viloma samasyalanu vislaeshimchadaaniki anumatinche paddhatini istundi.
tatvasaastram.
maante kaarlo paddhati yokka prajaadarana pondina pradarsananu mccracken nirvahinchaaru. eee paddhati yokka saadhaarana tatvaanni elishakoff mariyu grun-yanoff mariyu veerich charchinchaaru.