saantaa maria navala

shanta maria navala anedi italeelooni florenceloni oka charchi, idhi dheeniki edurugaa undhi mariyu nagaramloni pradhana railway stationku daani paerunu istundi. kalakramanusaranga, idhi florencelo modati goppa basilica, mariyu nagaram yokka pradhana dominican charchi.
charchi, prakkane unna samadhi mariyu chapter house aneka kalaa sampadalu mariyu antyakriyala smaaraka chihnalanu kaligi unnaayi. mukhyamgaa gothik mariyu prarambha punarujjeevana masters kudyachitraalu prasiddhi chendaayi. vaariki atyanta mukhyamaina florentine kutumbaalu nidhulu samakuurchaayi, vaaru pavitra sthalamlo antyakriyala chaapellanu erpaatu chesukunnaru.
charitra.
eee charchini ess anie pilicheevaaru. maria navala ('kottadi') endukante idhi 9va sataabdapu shanta maria delle vigne prasanga sthalamlo nirminchabadindi. nirminchabadindi dominican aardarku eee sthalaanni ketayinchinappudu, vaaru kotta charchini mariyu prakkane unna cloisternu nirminchaalani nirnayinchukunnaaru. eee charchini iddaru dominican sanyaasulu, fra sisto fiorentino mariyu fra ristoro daa campy roopondinchaaru. nirmaanam 13va sataabdam madhyalo (sumaru 1276) praarambhamaindi, mariyu 80 samvatsaraala paatu konasaagindi, romanesk-gothik bell tower mariyu pavitrata puurtavadamtoe frear icopo toluntee paryaveekshanhaloo mugisindi. mugisindi, gothik arcadela shrenini mukhabhaagaaniki jodinchaaru; ivi savapetikanu kaligi undataaniki uddesinchabaddaayi. eee charchi charchi pavitram cheyabadindi.
sampanna florentine unni vyapari geovanni dii pavolo rusellay nundi vacchina commissionpy, leone batista alberti 'sarpentino' anie kooda piluvabade prato yokka pacchani palarayi eguva bhaganni mariyu charchi yokka tellani palarayi mukhabhaganni (1456-1470) roopondinchaaru. athanu appatike riminilooni tempeo malatestiano yokka vaastusilpigaa prasiddhi chendaadu, conny vaastusilpam "dii reey ediphicatoria" paie athani praathamika grandhaaniki marinta prasiddhi chendaadu. florenceloni rusellay pales mukhabhaganni kooda alberti roopondinchaaru.
alberti maanavataavaadi vaastusilpam yokka aadarsaalanu, nishpattilo mariyu saastriiyamgaa prerepinchabadina vivaraalanu roopakalpanapai teesukuraavadaaniki prayatninchaadu, adhe samayamlo mundu bhaagamlo ippatike unna madhyayuga bhaagamtho samarasyanni kooda srushtinchaadu. samyukta mukhabhaganni oka chaturasramtho chekkavacchu; chaturasraala yokka aneka itara punaraavruttulu roopakalpanalo chudavachu. athani sahakaaramlo chaturasraalato alankarinchabadina vistruta fraze, mariyu naalugu telupu-aakupaccha palakalu mariyu oka gundrani kitikeetho sahaa puurti eguva bhaagam, dominican soura chihnamtho oka pedimenttoe kappabadi, rendu vaipula apaaramaina ess-vakra vaalyuutlatoe kappabadi untundi.
mukhabhagam diguva bhaagamlo corinthian raajadhaanulato kuudina naalugu stambhaalu kooda jodinchabaddaayi. pediment mariyu fraze spashtamgaa puraatana kaalam nundi prerana pondaayi, conny eguva bhaagamlo unna ess-curved scrolls kottavi mariyu puraatana kaalamlo puurva udaaharanalu laevu. vedalpu nundi irukaina antastulaku elaa badilee cheyalane deerghakaalika nirmaana samasyanu parishkaristuu, italii antataa charchilalo kanipinche scrolls (ledhaa vaati vaividhyaalu), eee charchi roopakalpana nundi vaati muulaalanu pondutaayi.
pediment krinda unna fraze pooshakudi paerunu kaligi undih "iohan (enn) ess oricellarius pou (lii) eff (ilius) enn (noo) saal (utis) mckislics (1470 moksham samvatsaramlo pavolo kumarudu geovanni rusellay)."
antargata.
vistaaramaina lopali bhaagam basilica pranaalikapai aadharapadi untundi, idhi eejiptu cross (tii-aakaaramlo) gaa roopondinchabadindi mariyu oka nabhi, kitikeelu mariyu chinna transepto amarchina rendu nadavalugaa vibhajinchabadindi. pedda guha 100 meterla podavu mariyu kaatinyam yokka mudranu istundi. eee stambhaalu samyukta roopamlo untaayi mariyu koona gothik vampulaku maddatu ichhe corinthian niluvu varusalanu kaligi untaayi, veeti paina kanti kitikeela clestery untundi, dheeni paina pakkatemukalu, koonaalu gala chatushparshwa walt untundi. pakkatemukalu mariyu vampulu annee nalupu mariyu telupu polychrome.
oka "tromp-ell 'ail" prabhavam undhi, dheeni dwara nabhiki daani vaastava podavu kante ekkuva podavugaa kanipistundi, endukante nabhiki mariyu nadavalaku madhya unna stambhaalu kramamga daggaragaa, chaamsalku daggaragaa untaayi.
chaalaa kitikeelu 14va mariyu 15va sataabdaalaku chendina gaajunu kaligi unnaayi, 15va sataabdapu "madonna und chiled" mariyu St. zaan mariyu seyint. phillip (philipino lippi roopondinchinadi), rendoo philipo stroji chaapello unnaayi. konni tadisina gaaju kitikeelu sataabdaala kaalamlo debbatinnaayi mariyu bharti cheyabaddaayi. paschima chivaralo unnadi, "maerii pattabhishekam" yokka varnana, 14va sataabdaaniki chendinadi, mariyu andrea dii bonayuto daa firenge roopakalpanapai aadharapadi undhi.
undhi rusellay kutumbanche niyaminchabadina eee peethaanni philippo brunelleshi roopondinchaaru mariyu athani dattata kumarudu andrea kavalkanti chetha uriteeyabaddaadu. eee palpit oka pratyeka chaaritraka praamukhyatanu kaligi undhi, endukante idhi tandri tomaso kaasini galileo geleeli yokka copernican suuryakeendrata yokka rakshananu khandinchina palpit.
"edama nadava venta daadaapu sagam dhooramlo unna "pavitra trimurthy", masasio yokka prarambha punarujjeevana rachana, idhi drukpatham mariyu ganita nishpattula gurinchi athani kotta aalochanalanu chooputundi. painting kalaku daani ardhaanni vaastusilpaaniki brunelleshi mariyu silpakalaku danatello yokka praamukhyatatoo sulabhamgaa polchavachhu. poeshakulu nyaayamuurti mariyu athani bhaarya, lenzie kutumba sabhyulu, ikkada mokarilli chitreekarinchabaddaaru. diguva shava samadhi italianlo epigraamnu kaligi undih "neenu okappudu meeru elaa unnaano alaage untaanu, neenu elaa unnaano meeru avutaaru".
kudi nadavalo pratyeka gamanika "tomba della beata villana", idhi idhi bernardo rosellinoche nirminchabadina smaaraka chihnam. adhe nadavalo, faisol bishapla samadhulu unnaayi, okati tino dii kaamaino mariyu marokati nino pisano chetha.
tornabuny chappel.
chhaansallo (ledhaa capella tornabunoni) 1485 nundi 1490 varaku domenico girlandayo chithrinchina prasiddha kudyachitraala shreni undhi, dheeni apprentices yuva maikhelanjelo. kudyachitraalu kanya mariyu zaan baptist jeevitaala nundi itivruttaalanu suuchistaayi. vaatilo mukhyamaina florentine kutumbaalaku chendina aneka mandhi sabhyula chitranalu unnaayi. khajanalalo suvaartikula chitraalato kuudina roundlu unnaayi. venuka godapai "seyint dominic burns dhi heritical books" mariyu "seyint peters amaraveerudu", "ananciation" mariyu "seyint zaan edaariloki veltaadu" anae chitraalu unnaayi.
unnaayi ill bidello anie kooda piluvabade florentine kalakarudu alessandro agolanti eee gaaju kitikeelanu tayaaru chesaaru, ivi girlandayo cartoonla aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabaddaayi.
pradhana balipeetam meeda kaamsya siluva giambologna (16va sataabdam) dwara undhi.
philippo stroji chappel.
philippo stroji chappel pradhana balipeetam kudi vaipuna undhi. philippino lippy raasina kudyachitraala shreni apostaludaina phillip mariyu apostaludaina seyint james dhi grate jeevitaalanu varnistundi mariyu mariyu puurtayimdi. kudi godapai "seyint phillip hyropolis aalayam nundi dragonnu naduputondi" mariyu daani paina unna lunetlo, "seyint phillip siluva veyadam" undhi. edama godapai "seyint zaan dhi evangelist resusitating drusana" anae kudyachitram undhi mariyu daani paina unna lunetlo "seyint zaan dhi evangelist yokka himsa" undhi. aadam, noah, abraham mariyu jacob pakkatemukala khajanalo praatinidhyam vahistunnaaru. balipeetam venuka benedetto daa miano (1491) silpamtoe stroji samadhi undhi.
gondi chappel.
giuliano daa saangallo roopondinchina eee praarthanaa mandiram pradhana balipeetaaniki edama vaipuna undhi mariyu 13va sataabdam chivari naatidi. ikkada, venuka godapai, brunelleschi rachinchina prasiddha chekka "siluva" undhi, idhi athani chaalaa takkuva shilpaalalo okati. florence shanta cross charchilo danatello yokka "aadima" siluvanu chuusi athanu enthagaa asahyinchukunnarante, athanu dheenini tayaaru chesadani puraanam chebutondi. eee khajanalo 13va sataabdapu greeku chitrakaarula kudyachitraala sakalaalu unnaayi. polychrome palarayi alankarananu giuliano daa saangallo (c. 1503). 20va sataabdaaniki chendina gaaju kitikee.
capella stroji dii mantova.
idhi edama transept chivaralo undhi. philipo stroji yokka puurveekudu tomaso stroji dwara nardo dii seon (1350-1357) nundi kudyachitraalanu niyaminchaaru. kudyachitraalu dante yokka "daivika haasyam" nundi prerana pondai chivari teerpu (venuka godapai; dante chithrapatamtho sahaa), narakam (kudi godapai) mariyu swargam (edama godapai). madonna mariyu seyintlatho kuudina vimochakudu" yokka pradhana balipeetaanni nardo dii seon sodarudu andrea dii seon chae cheyabadindi, dheenini orkagna anie pilustaaru. venukavaipu unna pedda gaaju kitikeeni iddaru sodarulu oka cartoon thoo tayaaru chesaaru.
della puraa chappel.
della puraa chappel paatha smasaanavaatikaku uttaraana undhi. idhi 1474 naatidi mariyu punarujjeevanodyama stambhaalato nirminchabadindi. dheenini dheenini getano bakkani punaruddharinchaaru. edama vaipuna 14va sataabdapu kudyachitram "madonna und chiled vith seyint catherine" thoo kuudina oka lunet undhi. mundu balipeetam meeda bassio daa montelupo (1501) chekka siluva undhi.
rusellay chappel.
kudi nadava chivara unna rusellay chappel 14va sataabdaaniki chendinadi. pavolo rusellay samadhi (15va sataabdam) mariyu nino pisano rachinchina "madonna und dhi chiled" yokka palarayi vigrahamtho paatu, idhi mastro dii shanta cecilia (13va sataabdam sataabdam sataabdam prarambham) kudyachitraala avasheshaalu vanti aneka kalaa sampadanu kaligi undhi. edama godapai unna panel, "seyint catherine yokka amaraveerudu", giuliano bugiyardini (bahusha maikhelanjelo sahayamtho) chitrinchaadu. naela madhyalo unna kaamsya samadhini samadhini lorenzo giberti nirminchaaru.
bardy chappel.
bardi chappel, opsey kudivaipuna unna rendava chappel, ricardo bardiche sthaapinchabadindi mariyu idhi 14va sataabdam praarambhaaniki chendinadi. kudivaipuna unna oka stambhampai unna unnata-upasamanam "seyint gregori bleashing ricardo bardy" nii varnistundi. eee godalu spinello aretinoku aapaadinchabadina 14va sataabdam prarambha kudyachitraalanu manaku chuuputaayi. balipeetam meeda unna "madonna dell rosario" georgio vaasari (1568) chae cheyabadindi.
pavitrata.
edama nadava chivaralo unna pavitramaina alayanni alayanni kavalkanti kutumbam aaa prakatana yokka praarthanaa mandiramgaa nirminchindi. iteevali padnaalugu samvatsaraala subhraparachadam mariyu punaruddharana taruvaata, giotto yokka prarambha rachana ayina "madonna mariyu zaan dhi evangelistho siluva veyadam" anae apaaramaina chithramtho idhi nirminchabadindi. pavitramaina eee alayanni merustunna terra kotaa mariyu palarayi aksharaalato kooda alankarinchaaru, geovanni della rabia (1498) rachinchina kalakhandalu. eee almaralanu almaralanu bernardo boontalenti roopondinchaaru. godapai unna chitraalu vaasari mariyu itara samakaaleena florentine chitrakaarulaku aapadinchabaddaayi. venuka goda vadda moodu muliyanlatho kuudina pedda gothik kitikee 1386 naatidi mariyu nikolo dii pietro jerini cartoonla aadhaaramgaa roopondinchabadindi
spanish chappel.
spanish chappel (ledhaa "capellon degli spagnoli") convent yokka puurva adhyayam. idhi aakupaccha cloister ("cheostro varde") kuu uttaraana undhi. dheenini dominican arder kosam oka chapter housega boonamiko (maiko) gaidalotti niyaminchaaru. nirmaanam praarambhamaindi sii. sii puurtayimdi. taruvaata eee gidalotti chaapelnu "spanish chappel" anie pilicharu, endukante modati kosimo dheenini toledo yokka eleonora mariyu aame spanish anucharulaku ketaayinchaaru. spanish chappel lopala atyanta pavitramaina matakarma yokka chinna chappel undhi.
spanish chaapelnu 1365 nundi 1367 varaku andrea dii bonayuto alankarinchaaru, dheenini andrea daa firenge anie kooda pilustaaru. eee praarthanaa mandiram dominicanla kosam nirminchabadinanduna, chaalaa kudyachitraalalo seyint dominic yokka chitranalu kanipistaayi. kudi godapai unna pedda kudyachitram "churukaina mariyu vijayavantamaina charchi mariyu dominican kramam yokka roopakaanni" varnistundi. idhi mukhyamgaa aasaktikaramgaa untundi, endukante nepathyamlo idhi oka pedda gulabi bhavananni choopistundi, idhi arnolpho dii cambio (brunelleshi gopuram nirminchabadataaniki mundu) dwara florence cathedral kosam asalu designla gurinchi kontha antardrushtini andistundani kondaru bhaavistunnaaru. ayithe, ituvanti vivarana fontasy, endukante dvayam gulabi rangulo undataaniki ledhaa venuka bhaagamlo bell tower undataaniki uddesinchabadaledu. eee kudyachitramlo pope benedict Ix, cardinal fryer nikolo albertini, count guido dii poppi, arnolpho dii cambio mariyu kavi petrarch chitraalu kooda unnaayi.
itara godalapai unna kudyachitraalu pravesha godapai kreestu mariyu seyint peater jeevitaala drushyaalanu suuchistaayi (ekkuvagaa oka gayaka brundaanni taruvaata erpaatu cheyadam valla naasanam cheyabadindi), edama godapai seyint thamus aquinas vijayam mariyu "christian learning yokka upamaanam", mariyu balipeetam goda vampu maargamlo pedda "kalvareeki vellae maargamtho siluva veyadam mariyu limbolo digadam".
naalugu bhagala khajanalo kreestu punarutthaanam, navicella, aarohana mariyu pentecost drushyaalu unnaayi. bernardo doddy 1344 nundi "pillalu mariyu naluguru saadhuvulatho simhasananni adhishtinchina madonnanu" varnistuu, bahusha chappel balipeetam kosam modata tayaaru cheyabadina aidu-panel gala gothik polyptic, prastutam oka chinna museum praantamloo pradarsinchabadutondi, idhi cluster yokka suduura chivara nundi gaaju talupula dwara cherukuntundi. paikappu khajanalu, godalu mariyu balipeetam yokka sanklishta vigraharadhana kalisi mokshaaniki maargadarsakulugaa dominicanla sandesaanni teliyajestundi.
deerghachaturasraakaara aakaaramlo, paschimaana, balipeetam mariyu padihedava sataabdam prarambham nundi domenico pirattiche palarayi siluvanu kaligi unna oka scarsella undhi, dheenini dheenini zian gastone dii medisi viraalamgaa icchaaru.
nirmaana.
vaasari vaastusilpi, vaastusilpi grand duke kosimo I chetha, charchi yokka modati punarnirmaanam kosam niyaminchabaddaadu, indulo daani asalu ruud screen mariyu laftnu tolaginchadam mariyu niluvu varusala madhya aaru chaapellanu jodinchadam vantivi unnaayi. rendava punarnirmananni enrico romoli roopondinchaaru, idhi 1858 mariyu 1860 madhya jarigindi.
charchi mundu unna chaturasraanni kosimo I vaarshika ratham pandem ("paleo dii kochi") kosam upayoginchaaru. eee aacharam 1563 madhya mariyu 19va sataabdam chivaralo unikilo undhi. coursa dii kochi yokka rendu sthambhaalu resu prarambham mariyu mugimpunu gurtinchaayi. puraatana roman circus maximusnu anukarinchadaaniki vaatini erpaatu chesaaru. stambhaalu stambhaalu shilpi giambologna tayaaru chesina kaamsya tabellapai unnaayi.
khagola parikaraalu.
parikaraalu kosimo I khagola shaastravetta ignazio danty dwara diguva mukhabhagam yokka chivari andha vampulaku oka armillary golam (edamavaipu) mariyu gnomon (kudi vaipuna) thoo kuudina khagola chaturthaamsham jodinchabaddaayi. armillary golam vasanta vishuvattuni nirnayinchadaaniki uddesinchabadindi mariyu idhi idhi modatisaari bahirangamgaa gamaninchabadindi. transpine, italian mariyu bohemian paddhatula prakaram samayanni cheppadaniki gnomon khagola chaturthaamsampai needanu visiraadu.
eee parikaraala kaaranamgaa, khagola shaastravetta nijamaina soura samvatsaraaniki, juuliyan calendarku madhya vyatyaasaanni sarigga lekkinchagaligaadu, cree puu 46 loe daani prakatana nundi ippatikee upayogamlo undhi. pope gregori XIII kii romlo thana adhyayanalanu pradarsinchadam dwara, eestar teedeeni punarnirminchadaaniki mariyu kotta gregorian calendarnu prakatinchadaaniki athanu sahayapaddadu. 
danthi dakshinam vaipu vruttaakaara kitikeelo oka randhraanni kooda unchaaru mariyu aayudha golam kante vishuvattulanu nirnayinchadaaniki merugaina paddhatigaa charchi neelapai oka meridian rekhanu erpaatu chesaaru. ayithe, athani poeshakudu, grand duke kosimo I maranam kaaranamgaa nirmaanam puurti kaaledu.
kalaakrutula jabita.
charchi kosam vastuvulanu tayaaru chesina kalaakaarulu

