
viplavam mosam chesindi

viplavam mosam chesindi soviet union antey emiti mariyu adhi ekkadiki velutondi? () 1936loe bahishkarinchabadina soviet bolshevik nayakudu leone trotsky prachurinchina pustakam. eee rachana 1924loe vladimir lenin maranam taruvaata soviet unionlo chaaritraka abhivruddhini vislaeshimchi, vimarsinchindi mariyu idhi stallinism yokka swabhaavamtho vyavaharinchae trotsky yokka praathamika rachanaga pariganinchabadutundi. eee pustakaanni norwaylo pravaasamlo unna samayamlo trotsky raasaaru mariyu modata victor serge dwara spanish loki anuvadinchabadindi. atyanta vistrutamgaa andubaatulo unna aangla anuvaadam maaks eastman dwara cheyabadindi.
chaaritraka nepathyam.
leone trotsky (lev davidovic bronstein, 1879-1940) 1917loe october viplavam yokka naayakulalo okaru, idhi russialo bolsheviklanu adhikaaramloki teesukuvacchindi. 1900loe, pramukha marxist siddhaantakarta mariyu viplavakarudiga, trotsky russian saamraajyaaniki vyatiraekamgaa thana saamyavaada karyakalapala kosam cyberiaku bahishkarinchabaddaadu. 1905loe, european bahishkarana taruvaata, 1905loe viphalamaina russian viplavam kosam trotsky russiaku tirigi vacchaadu, akkada athani prasangamu decemberulo jarrist pooliisulu atanni arrestu chese varaku seyint pietersburg soviyatlo pramukha vyaktigaa chesindi. khandantara airopa kosam mallii jarrist russia nundi tappinchukunna taruvaata, oka dasaabdam paatu trotsky rajakeeyamgaa rsdlp yokka menshevik vibhaagaaniki maddatu ivvadam nundi 1913loe yuddhamlo unna vargaala aikyata kosam vaadinchadaaniki majriancy, united soshal democratla antar jilla samstha sthaapanatho maararu.
modati prapancha yuddham chivari bhaagamlo paatha paalana vaastava patanam vladimir lenin netrutvamloni vaari bolshevik prathyarthulatho savaranalu cheyadaaniki mejriyaantseeni prerepinchadaaniki sahaayapadindi, mariyu 1917 praarambhamlo trotsky newyork nagaramlo bahishkarana nundi kenada dwara tirigi vacchi bolshevik party paalaka kendra kamiteelo sabhyudiga dalaalalo cheraadu. alegzander kerensky netrutvamloni russian taatkaalika prabhutvam nundi 1917 november 7naa adhikaranni swaadheenam chesukovadaniki, october praarambhamlo petrograd soviet adhipatigaa baadhyatalu sweekarinchadaaniki mariyu aaa samstha yokka sainika-viplavaatmaka kamiteeni viplavaatmaka poraata saktigaa nirminchadaaniki trotsky keelaka paatra pooshinchaaru.
kerensky prabhutvaanni vijayavantamgaa padagottina taruvaata, trotsky soviet russia yokka rsfsr yokka videshee vyavahaaraala modati prajala kameesarga paeru pettaru. 1918 eprillo, trotskeeni yuddham mariyu naavikaadalam kosam peeples kameesar anie paeru pettaru, eee saamardhyamlo athanu russian antaryuddhamlo bolshevik vyatiraeka vargaalaku vyatiraekamgaa kotta palananu rakshinche erra sainyanni nirminchadaaniki sahayapaddadu.
1923loe varusa strokela taruvaata kriyaaseela raajakeeya jeevitam nundi lenin padavee viramana, 1924 janavarilo ayana maranam madhyantara pravaesaaniki daariteesindi, eee samayamlo aneka mandhi pramukha abhyardhulu aadhipatyam kosam jaakii chesaaru. lenin yokka deerghakaala sahacharudu mariyu communist antarjaateeya cheef grigori genovieve, masco party nayakudu lev kamenev, jaateeyata nipunudu mariyu party samstha karyadarshi joseph stallin mariyu sainika nayakudu trotsky party mariyu rashtra praamukhyata kosam pramukha pootiidaarulaku praatinidhyam vahinchaaru. vaakchaaturyamto kuudina trotskeeni simhaasanaaniki pootii padutunna maroe mugguru pramukhulu atyanta teevramaina raajakeeya muppuga gurtinchaaru mariyu trotsky vyatiraekamgaa mugguru taatkaalika kuutamini erpaatu chesaaru.
taruvaati aneka samvatsaraallo trotsky mariyu athani maddatudaarulu kramamga anagaarina mariyu vivikta soviet nayakatva samuuham dwara ontarigaa maararu, trotsky raajakeeya pratipakshavaadigaa dooshinchabaddaadu mariyu athani maddatudaarulu raajakeeya mariyu pooliisu ottidiki anachiveyabaddaaru. 1928loe soviet central aasiyaaloni maarumuula nagaramaina alma ataaku, aaa taruvaata samvatsaram soviet union nundi tarkeeki trotsky bhouthika bahishkarana dwara, eee prakriyanu trotsky yokka varusa bahishkaranalu nokkicheppayi.
ussrlo thana kattubadi unna anucharula samuuham nundi vidipoyinappatiki, trotsky thana jeevitaantam bahishkarana nundi pratipaksha raajakeeya nayakudiga panicheestuunee unnadu. joseph stallin netrutvamloni palanaku vyatiraekamgaa konasagutunna eee raajakeeya karyakalapalu trotsky bahishkarinchaalani korina aatithya deshaala shreniki vyatiraekamgaa soviet prabhutvam konasagutunna raajakeeya ottidiki daariteesaayi.
rachana abhivruddhi.
1935 vasantakaalamlo ibbandullo unna trotsky adhikaaramlo unna laber party prabhutvaaniki vignapti chestu scandinavian raajyamaina norwaylo raajakeeya aasrayam koraadu. norwegian pratispandana nemmadigaa undhi, mariyu juun praarambhamlo matrame athani abhyardhana manjuru cheyabadindani mariyu athanu veesa pondadaaniki paarislooni norwegian rayabara kaaryaalayaaniki vellaalani chivariki teliyajeyabadindi. ayithe, trotsky eee patraanni pondadaaniki mundu norwegian rajakeeyaalu jokyam chesukunnayi, juun 10naa trotsky rayabara kaaryaalayaaniki cherukune samayaniki veesa aamodam raddu cheyabadindi. french pooliisulu, paarislo nivaasam pondadaaniki trotsky kutra pannarani anumaanistuu, athanu nishedhinchabaddaadu, ventane nagaram nundi tratskeeni aadesinchaadu. norwaylo trotsky pranaalikaabaddhamaina samudrayaanam akasmaattugaa raddu cheyabadindi.
naarveku prayaaninchadaaniki veesa manjuru cheyadaaniki mundu fraansloki tirigi pravesinchadaaniki anumati pondaalani norwegian adhikarulu demand chesaaru. chivaraku, correspondence mariyu sampradimpula taruvaata, pondaleni french rii-entry permit kosam demand tolaginchabadindi mariyu trotsky naarveloki pravesinchadaaniki parimita aaru nelala veesaanu anumatinchaaru. french prabhutvam gatamlo nirdesinchina nibandhanala maadirigaane, norwegian prabhutvam trotsky nivaasa sthalaanni nirnayinche hakkunu mariyu rajadhani nagaram oslo nundi atanni minahaayinche hakkunu tanake ketayinchukundi. ayana 1935 juun 18naa vacchaaru.
"viplavam" "mosam cheyabadindi", "1936 augustu 4naa prachuranakartaku pampabadindi, charitralo" "grate parge" "(" "yezovshina" ") anie piluvabade rahasya pooliisu terror dwara srushtinchabadina moodu goppa public masco trialslo modati sanchalanaatmaka bahiranga prakatanaku mundu". chivariki grigori genovieve, lev kamenev mariyu itara pramukha soviet raajakeeya vyaktula maranasikshalo mugustundi, trotsky vichaarana gurinchi telusukunnappudu, athani parichayaniki oka chinna postscript tagg cheyabadindi, dheenilo trotsky thana prastuta pustakam "uddesapurvaka aadhyaatmikata" loe stallin paalana yokka prayatnaaniki "mundastu bahirgatam" anie paerkonnaadu.
content.
"droham cheyabadina viplavam" nuu charitrakaarudu baruch nee-paaj trotsky yokka "stalinismpy pradhana pani" gaa varninchaaru mariyu 1978loe oka moulika medho sarvelo bureaucracypy trotsky aalochana yokka sudeergha saaraamsaaniki pradhana praathamika vanarugaa nilichindi.
viplavam mosam" kosam trotsky enchukunna upasheershika, nee-paaj drushtilo, soviet union antey emiti mariyu adhi ekkadiki velutondi?"pustakam venuka rachayita uddesaanni khachitamgaa sangrahinchaaru. ussrlo abhivruddhi chendutunna bureaucratic raajakeeya mariyu aardhika erpaatu gatamlo marxist siddhaantam dwara cover cheyabadani kotta saamaajika namuunaanu erpaatu chesinda anae prasnatho trotsky nimagnamai unnadu. soviet vyavastha atuvanti kotta saamaajika mariyu aardhika vyavasthanu kaligi ledani trotsky pattubattaga, vaastavaaniki "droham cheyabadina viplavam" loe ayana samarpinchina vislaeshanha vaastavaaniki "sandigdhamainadi" anie nai-paaj nokki chepparu.
eee pustakam ussr mariyu daani paalakulapai vistrutamaina vimarsha, mariyu stallinist niyantrutvaanni padagottadaaniki mariyu saamyavaada prajaswaamyaanni teesukuraavadaaniki kotta raajakeeya viplavanni samardhistundi. vidyut shakti, vyavasaya utpatti, parisrama modalaina vaatilo vruddhini udaharistuu, lenin maranam nundi ussr yokka saanukuula aardhika purogatini prasamsimchadam dwara idhi praarambhamavutundi. aaa taruvaata adhi eee aardhika purogatipai parimitulanu, kotta paalaka unnatavargam yokka swabhaavaanni vivarinchadaaniki munduku saagutundi, mariyu stallinist paalana phalitamgaa soviet union yokka antima patanaanni anchanaa vestundi. idhi marxist vislaeshanha vidhaanaaniki praadhaanyata istundi, mariyu aneka keelaka pariseelanalu mariyu anchanaalanu chestundi, veetilo konni dasaabdaala taruvaata matrame bayatapadataayi.
modati konni adhyayalu "jigjags" nuu pariseelistaayi, communist party anusarinchina vidhaanamlo, prajaswamyam lekapovadam valla vidhaanamlo vaegamgaa bhayandolanaku guraina maarpulanu udaharistuu, trotsky vaatini vivarinchaadu. aardhika vidhana rangamlo eee "jigjags" loe atyanta mukhyamaina vaatini trotsky highlight chestaadu, modata swachchandamgaa saamuuhikeekarananu vyatiraekistuu, bhoomini praiveteekarinchadaanni penchutuu, aapai vegavantamaina paarisraamikeekarana mariyu balavantamgaa saamuuhikeekarana vaipu vidhananni akasmaattugaa tiragadaanni vyatiraekistuu stallin mariyu nikolai bukharin vidhananni vimarsinchaadu, idhi trotsky brandla "aardhika sahasam" nuu "deshaanni vipattu anchuku" teesukuvellindi. trotsky appudu kaarmika utpaadakatanu charchinchi, stakhanovite udyamam mariyu "shock brigedlu" yokka panikiraani teerunu vimarsistaadu.
trotsky appudu "soviet thermidar" nuu vislaeshistaadu (thermidar anedi sampradaayavaada saktulu samajanni swaadheenam chesukunnappudu french viplavam yokka taruvaati dasalanu suuchistumdi). ayana stallin vijayam, bolshivism nundi paarteeni vaeru cheyadam, perugutunna bureaucratic stratum gurinchi vislaeshimchaaru. eee adhyayam yokka praamukhyata trotsky pariseelanaloo undhi, usrloni paalaka vargam pettubadidaarulu ledhaa kaarmikulu kaadu, conny kaarmika vargamlooni oka vibhagam daani taragati muulaala nundi dhooram cheyabadindi, idhi jarrist shakam nundi migilipoyina bureaucracy mariyu kaarmika vargam yokka dii-politicisation rendinti dwara prabhaavitamaindi.
trotsky stallinismnu "bonapartism" yokka oka roopamgaa suuchistaadu, french niyanta nepolian bonapartetho polchi, aaa dhesha viplavam taruvaata french rashtraanni swaadheenam chesukunnadu. kotta pettubadidaarii saamaajika vyavasthaku adhyakshata vahinchinappatikii bonaparte kuleenulu, khaidu cheyabadina pettubadidaarula balagalanu tirigi teesukuvacchinatle, pranaalikaabaddhamaina aardhika vyavastha, naamamaatrapu praja yajamanyam yokka laabhaalanu tippikottadamlo viphalamainappatiki, kaarmikulanu nirbandhinchi, oka jaar laaga pravartistaaru. adhe samayamlo, eee paalaka vargam migilina samajanni balaheenaparustundani trotsky raasaaru, "maanava sariiraaniki oxygen avasaramayye vidhamgaane pranaalikaabaddhamaina aardhika vyavasthaku prajaswamyam avasaramavutundi"; prajaswamyam lekunda, athanu aardhika stabdatanu anchanaa vestaadu.
taruvaata ayana soviet unionlo rojuvaaree jeevitam, aardhika asamaanata mariyu kotta sraamika vargam yokka anachiveta gurinchi charchinchaaru. athanu mahilalu mariyu kutumba sabhyulatho chikitsalo perugutunna sampradaayavaadaanni neerugaa stallinism perugudalato anusandhaanistaadu mariyu daanini viplavaniki mundu kaalamtho polchadu. ikkada nundi ayana videsanga vidhanam mariyu soviet sainyanni charchinchaaruh faasijamnu oodinchadamloo vaiphalyam, ryaankulanu tirigi sthaapinchadam mariyu sainyam kolpovadam, mariyu soviet union yokka bhavishyattunu pariseelinchadam dwara mugustundi.
trotsky chesina anchanaalalo okati, yuu. ess. ess. aarr. oka vibhajanaku mundu vastundanihi raajakeeya viplavam dwara paalaka bureaucrassini padagottadam ledhaa bureaucracy netrutvamloni pettubadidaarii punaruddharana. chaalaa mandhi vyaakhyaatalu, pettubadidaaru mariyu stalanistulu soviet shakti yokka nirantara perugudalanu anchanaa vesina samayamlo eee anchanaa veyabadindi. allin cottrell mariyu paal kakshot taruvaata vaari 1992 pustakamlo "oka kotta saamyavaadam vaipu" anie vraasaru, trotsky yokka anchanaa puurvasiddhamainadigaa niroopinchabadindi. aardhika vyavastha pranaalika cheyadaaniki (aaa samayamlo) inca taginantagaa abhivruddhi chendani computer saanketikatato paatu aardhika prajaswamyam lekapovadam 1960luu mariyu 1970laloe (stabdata yugam) aardhika stabdataku daariteesindi. adhikara paarteelooni pramukha sabhyulu (soviet samaajamlooni marinta visaesha vargaala nundi vachinavaaru) 1980laloe pettubadidaarii samskaranalanu prothsahinchadam dwara stabdataku pratispandinchaaru, socialism yokka marinta prajaasvaamya roopaalanu vistarinchadam kante.