
bolivia bhoogarbha shaastram

bolivia bhoogarbha shaastram vividha rakaala shilaasthalaalatho paatu bhoogola mariyu avakshepana vaataavaranaalanu kaligi untundi. synoptic sthaayilo, bhougolika unitlu sthalaakruthi unitlatho samanamga untaayi. pasiphik loe upasamana prakriyala dwara prabhaavitamaina parvata paschima praantamgaa mariyu sthiramaina vedikalu mariyu shields thoo kuudina thoorpu lothattu praantalugaa desham vibhajinchabadindi. bolivian andis moodu pradhana sraenulugaa vibhajinchabadindi; ivi paschimam nundi thoorpu varaku unnaih chiliki sarihaddunu yerparuchukune cardillera accidental mariyu aneka churukaina agniparvataalu mariyu bhuushna praantaalaku aatidhyam ichhe cardillera central (konni sandarbhaallo cardillera oriental anie kooda pilustaaru) okappudu vendi mariyu tinn kosam vistrutamgaa tavvakam cheyabadindi mariyu saapekshamgaa takkuva cardillera oriental, idhi daani swantha shrenigaa kakunda central cardillera yokka thoorpu konasagimpu. paschima mariyu madhya cardillera madhya sumaru 3,750 meterla ettaina altiplano ettaina peethabhoomi vistarinchi undhi. eee pareevaahaka praantamloo titicaca sarassu, alaage upputho kappabadina podi sarassulatho sahaa aneka manchineeti sarassulu unnaayi, ivi gatha vaataavarana maarpulu mariyu sarassu chakralaku sakshyalanu andistaayi. shanta cruze, chukwisaka mariyu tarija vibhagalalo thoorpu lothattu praantaalu mariyu upa-andean john okappudu viluvaina hydrocarbon nilvalanu kaligi unna paatha paleozoic avakshepana pareevaahaka praantam. brazil sarihadduku marinta thoorpuna, sthiramaina puurva cambrian spatikaakaara raatitoe tayaaru cheyabadina gwapore sheeled undhi.
andis.
bolivia yokka andis sumaru 200 million samvatsaraala kritam (miah) jurassic samayamlo peragadam praarambhinchindi. prastutam dakshina america anie piluvabade paschima anchu andees perugudalaku mundu aneka itara orojeneelaku sthaanamgaa undedi. bolivia mariyu porugu praantaala krinda unna lithosphere yokka sampeedana vaiphalyam phalitamgaa madhya andis daani goppa ettunu 26 nundi 14 miah varaku penchindani oohinchabadindi. altiplano, kodillera accidental mariyu cardillera oriental yokka goppa ettulu 70 kimmy lothaina crust dwara isostaticga bharti cheyabadataayi. eee mukhyamaina sthalaakruthi avarodham erpadataaniki vaataavaranam pratispandinchindi. ayithe, andis yokka perugudala kevalam atakama edaari mariyu bolivia prakkane unna praantaala yokka teevramaina shushkataku kaaranamaindaa ledhaa mundugaa unna edaari vaataavaranam mariyu sambandhita takkuva kotha raetlu parvataalu vaati prastuta ettulaku cherukovadaniki anumatinchaya anedi spashtamgaa teliyadu. shushka vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa atacama kandakaaniki arudaina avakshepana sarafara andean parvata bhavananni merugupariche subduction prakriyaloo adhika kotha ottillanu prerepinchindani oka parikalpana perkondi.
westran cardillera.
paschima cardillera altiplano peethabhoomi yokka paschima anchu nundi perugutunna churukaina mariyu antarinchipoyina agniparvataala shrenitho roopondinchabadindi. eee shreni silian pareevaahaka praantamaina salar dii atacama mariyu pasiphik praantaalanu endorheic altiplano pareevaahaka praantam nundi vibhajistundi. bolivia yokka paschima agniparvataalu pradhana eguva senozoic agniparvata provins ayina andis yokka kendra agniparvata mandalamlo bhaagam. bolivialo agniparvata visphotanaalu chaalaa takkuvagaa unnaayi, 1995loe irruputunkulo iteevala sambhavinchindi. agniparvata pramaadaalu thoorpu altiplano ledhaa marinta thoorpuna, agniparvata kendraalaku dhooramgaa unna pradhana janabha kendraalaku etuvanti muppunu suuchimchavu. paschima cardillera atyanta churukaina agniparvataalanu (gatha 10000 samvatsaraalalo churukaina agniparvataalu) kendrikarinchinappatiki, aneka paatha pedda stratovolcanolu paschima cardillera yokka pradhana rekha nundi 100 kimmy dhooramlo varaku perugutaayi.
altiplano peethabhoomi.
altiplano peethabhoomi ledhaa meseta dell kolasui itara andean ettaina peethabhoomula nundi vaeru cheyadaaniki oka vistruta mariyu deerghakaalam jeevinche antar montaine avakshepana pareevaahaka praantam, idhi avtlet ledhu; idhi endorheic. altiplano anedi cardillera accidental mariyu cardillera oriental rendinti nundi avakshepana padaartham yokka nindi untundi. altiplano yokka muulam mariyu daani goppa etthu chaalaa kaalamgaa bhuuvignaana saastravettalalo pradhana prasnagaa undhi. nedu altiplano "proto-andes" yokka prarambha mundari pareevaahaka praantamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi, idhi myosene chivaralo crustal shortening dwara paiki lechindi.
bolivian altiplano prapanchamlone atipedda lithium nilvalanu kaligi undhi. eee nilvalu salar dii yuyuni mariyu salar dii koipasa uppu-santrupta neetilo unnaayi, veetilo edhee prastutam lithium kosam vaanijyaparamgaa upayoginchabadatam ledhu. uppu nundi uppu chinna mottamlo velikiteestaaru, chilly nundi iodine kalipina tarvaata table uppugaa vikrayistaaru.
thoorpu cardillera.
cardillera oriental anedi plutanla vamputho kuudina vamputho roopondinchabadindi. eee vampu kochabamba akshaamsam vadda sambhavistundi mariyu peru-chail sarihaddu vadda dakshina amicas teerapraantam vampu ayina arika mocheti yokka thoorpu disalo projectionku anugunamgaa untundi. bend cardillera kendraalaku uttaraana vaayuvya-aagneya disalo batolithlu undagaa, daaniki dakshinaana avi uttara-dakshina disalo untaayi. granitic nundi granodioritic kuurpu yokka eee sareeraalu rendu bhagalalo erpaddaayi prarambha mesozoic (199-180 maa) mariyu neogene (19-8 maa). eee agnini nimpadam anedi puraatana forrellan plate yokka upasamana koonaalaloo rendu taatkaalika taggudala prabhaavamgaa ardham cheyabadindi. eee magmatic padaartham yokka vampu bolivia yokka vistrutamgaa telisina tinn beltho paatu potosi yokka prasiddha vendi ganiki aatidhyam istundi. eee khanijalu porphyri khanijeekarana rakaniki chendinavi, ivi convergent plate anchulaku vilakshanhamainavi. cardillera real uttara bhaganni yerparustundi, atyanta paiki lechina mariyu ksheeninchina, central cardilleralo bhaagam.
lothattu praantaalu mariyu upa-andean john.
upa-andean praantam mariyu uttara mariyu thoorpu lothattu praantaalu oka saadhaarana puraatana charitranu panchukuntaayi, conny appati nundi andean orojenee rendu vibhina mandalaluga abhivruddhi chendindi. rendu mandalaalu tappanisarigaa oke paatha avakshepana vedika poranu panchukuntundagaa, upa-andean jonloni poralu madathapetti, hydrocarbon dravaalu perukupoyina nirmaanaatmaka uchchulatho madata mariyu thrust beltloki kottabaddayi. madata mariyu thrust belt mariyu thoorpu lothattu praantaala madhya parimitini serania dell aguragu anae uttara-dakshina shreni geestundi, idhi andean thrust frontnu suuchistumdi.
madata mariyu thrust belt.
cardillera central kuu thoorpuna unna saapekshamgaa takkuva cardillera oriental, madata mariyu thrust beltlo bhaagam mariyu silurian mariyu ordovician yugapu poranu bahirgatam chestundi, veetilo konni shilaja-baring. madata mariyu ottidi anedi pilcomayo mariyu itara nadula hydrographic network yokka chatraanni roopondistundi. prastutam bolivia yokka atyanta bhookampa mandalaalo okati kochabamba nagaram mariyu daani saaravantamaina loya krinda unna kochabamba falt john. eee falt john eee akshaamsam vadda arika mocheti mariyu andis looni vampuku sambandhinchinadi.
thoorpu lothattu praantaalu.
thoorpu lothattu praantaala bhoogarbha saastramlo gananeeyamaina hydrocarbon nilvalu unna puraatana paleozoic avakshepana chaako-tarija pareevaahaka praantam aadhipatyam chelaayistundi. carboniferous samayamlo, chaako-tarija pareevaahaka praantam isukaraayi nindina kaaluvalato kuudina mandapati shrenulatho kappabadi undedi. 1970laloe eee isukaraayi chivari paleozoic himaaneenadaala nundi tilitega ardham cheyabadindi, ayithe kotta vivaranalu vaatini samudra muulam anie bhaavistaayi, conny ippatikee himanadeeyamgaa prabhaavitamayyaayi. eee kaaluva vyavasthala nikshepana vaataavaranaanni prastuta labrador samudrapu neelapai unna vaataavaranamtho poolchaaru, idhi punaraavrutamaina pleastocene himanadeeyaalache prabhaavitamaindi. andean orojeneetho sambandham unna chivari senozoic vaikalyam devonian shales loe labhinche hydrocarbonlanu lotuleni stratigraphical sthaayilaku valasa vellelaa chesindi.
uttara lothattu praantaalu.
uttara lothattu praantaalu chaalaa kaalamgaa nikshepana millyoogaa unnaayi mariyu ekkuvagaa trutheeya mariyu chaturdhaatuvu nikshaepaalatoe kappabadi unnaayi. eee depositlalo ekkuva bhaagam ippudu lateritelu. nadhi kotha mariyu avakshepana ravana pedda sankhyalo oxbo sarassulanu srushtinchaayi mariyu nadulaku pushkalamgaa vangiporlaayi.
gapore sheeled.
shanta cruze vibhaagaaniki uttara, thoorpuna spatikaakaara mariyu puurva cambrian gwapore sheeled (central brazil sheeled anie kooda pilustaaru) chaalaa varaku raathi raallanu kaligi untundi, ayithe ekkuvagaa trutheeya paarsvaalu mariyu chaturmukha ondru pareevaahaka praantaalatoo kappabadi untundi. brazil sarihaddu vaipu seranias chikvitanasku uttaraana unna pedda ettaina lothattu praantamgaa eee kavacham sthalaakrutigaa vyakteekaristundi. dakshina americaloni konni praantaalanu prabhaavitam chesina 2000 million samvatsaraala naati "trans-amazonian tectonothermal eevent" kaaranamgaa gwapore sheeled yokka bolivian bhaagamlo adhika-sthaayi roopaantara silalu sambhavistaayi. takkuva-sthaayi roopaantara silalu kooda sambhavistaayi. gwapore kavacham phenerozoic tarija-chaako mariyu beni besin avakshepaala krinda andeesloki vistarinchi untundani nammutaaru. arika mocheyi erpadataaniki kavachamloni balaheenatale kaaranamani soochinchabadindi. gwapore kavachamloni thoorpu-padmara reo mercedes rekha aneka proterozoic diabase chorabaatlanu nirvahistundi. 1985 natiki gwapore sheeled raallu antagaa teliyanivigaa pariganinchabaddaayi. brazil sarihadduku sameepamlo ell mutton yokka inupa nikshepam prapanchamlone atipedda inupa khanija niksheepaalaloo okatigaa nilustundi. idhi brazillo serro mutain ledhaa serrania dii jacadigo anie kooda piluvabade serania dii ell mutain loe undhi. eee kavacham serania kaparuch ledhaa hwanchaka kooda kinda undhi, idhi conan doil yokka "kolpoyina prapanchaaniki" prerana.
aanglo-bolivian saanketika sahakaara project ayina prii-ambrico project 1976 mariyu 1986 madhya eee praantaanni anveshinchindi. dwibhasha nivedikalato paatu, aardhika aasakti unna praantaala yokka marinta vivaranaatmaka 1:100,000 pataalatho paatu, eee praantam yokka prachurinchina 1:250,000 scale myapla shreni undhi. prachurinchabadina bhuuraasaayanika atlas undhi. eee samacharamlo ekkuva bhaagam british geological survey yokka "videshee ghnaapakaalu" loe sangrahinchabadindi.

