
geovanni francesco sagredo

geovanni francesco sagredo (19 juun 1571-5 marchi 1620) oka venetian ganita shaastravetta mariyu galileo sannihita snehitudu. athanu aangla shaastravetta vilium gilbert snehitudu mariyu vilekhari kooda. galileo yokka vivaadaaspada rachana "rendu pradhana prapancha vyavasthalaku sambandhinchina sambhaashana" (1632) loe pramukhulalo okarigaa kanipinchinanduna ayana eee roeju pradhanamgaa gurthunchukobaddaaru.
kutumba nepathyam.
1960la naati bernardo kumarudu nikolo sagredoku janminchina aruguru sodarulalo sagredo nalugovadu. kutumbamloni sofiya saakha, mariyu athani bhaarya sisilia, pavolo tiapolo kumarte. sagredo kutumbam aidava sataabdam nundi daani muulaalanu gurtinchindi. athani taata bernardo ess yokka procurator. 1615loe maraninchina marco, 1600loe palmanova nirvahakudiga, 1605loe cyprus nirvahakudiga, ess. ess. procuratorga niyaminchabaddaadu. 1611loe marco mariyu 1613loe paduva vishwavidyaalaya samskarta. eee kutumbam pradhanamgaa venetian aayudhagaaram mariyu shaan francesco della vigna yokka kutumba charchiki sameepamlo unna palajjo sagredolo nivasinchindi, conny pradhana bhoobhaagamlo mariyu itara praantaalalo vistrutamaina bhuuswaamulanu kooda kaligi undhi, indulo (idhi) loe oka rajabhavanam mariyu cador sameepamlo inupa ganulatho kuudina beach adavulu unnaayi.
athani anna bernardo kutumbam yokka raajakeeya aakaankshalanu sweekarinchadaaniki uddesinchinavaadu, conny 1603loe 37 samvatsaraala vayassulo maraninchaadu. rendava kumarudu pavolo 1611loe adrushyamayyaadu, ayithe moodava kumarudu stephano yokka konni jaadalu matrame migili unnaayi. chinna kumarudu jakkaria (1572-1647) raajakeeya vruttini kaligi unnadu mariyu athani kumarudu nikolo sagredo (1606-1676) doge ayyadu.
geovanni francesco swayamgaa vivaham chesukoledu mariyu pillalu laeru. athanu 25 samvatsaraala vayassulo 1596loe grate council off venis loe sabhyudayyadu.
prarambha adhyayanalu mariyu ayaskaantatvam.
sagredo gurinchi manaku telisina daadaapu pratidee athanu galileo geleeliki raasina lekhalapai aadharapadi untundi. gaeley aayanaku rasinavi poinappatiki, sumaru vanda mandhi batiki unnaaru. 1590laloe sagredo 1592loe paduva vishwavidhyaalayaaniki vacchina galileotho praivetgaa chaduvukunnadu. 1599loe sagredo galileoku kshamaapanalu cheppadu, vishwavidyaalayam nundi thana jeetam pempunu pondadamlo viphalamainanduku, athanu thana kesunu vaadinchadaaniki thana prabhaavavantamaina kutumba sambandhaalanu upayoginchinappatiki. 1602loe galileo sagredo kosam oka jaatakaanni roopondinchaadu, idhi atanni "blandom, latum, hilarem, beneficum, pasiphicum, sociabilem, pronum yaad valaptates, dii amatorm, laberum asahanam" (dayagala, santoshakaramaina, ullaasakaramaina, prayojanakaramaina, pasiphik, snehapoorvaka aanandam-priyamaina, devuni premikudu mariyu samasyala asahanam) gaa varnistundi.
galileo mariyu pavolo sarpi thoo kalisi khagola shaastram mariyu ayaskaantatvam rendintipai sagredo aasaktini panchukunnadu. 1600 natiki sagredo paeru taiko braaheku telisindi, athanu zian vincenzo pinelliki raasina lekhalo taiko doge mariyu senetku andinchina starr chaartla yokka rendu kaapeelaku manchi parichayamgaa paerkonnaadu. vilium gilbert kuu raasina maroe lekhalo sagredonu "goppa ayaskanta manishi" gaa varninchaaru. rekhaamsaanni lekkinche samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki prapancha ayaskanta ksheenata yokka samagramaina mappingnu upayoginchavacchani gilbert chesina pani phalitamgaa vacchina aasalalo okati. gaeley ayaskanta vampunu kolavadaniki oka parikaranni roopondinchaadu, idhi sagredo thana taruvaati siriya paryatanalo thanatho paatu teesukuvellaadu. ayaskaantatvaanni ardham chesukovadamlo sagredoku pratyeka sahakaram undhi-athanu borka dii cador sameepamlo kutumba ganulanu nadipadu, dheeni nundi ayaskanta inupa khanijam velikiteesaaru. galileo eee ayaskaantaalanu elaa aayudhalu cheyaalo neerchukunnaadu mariyu atyanta saktivantamaina-rhodomante anie piluvabade-tuscani grand duke ayina ferdinando ii dii medisi mariyu chakravarthy rudolph II kuu ammakaniki ivvabadindi.
jesuitlanu vyatirekinchandi.
1606 eprillo venis mariyu vaatikan madhya perugutunna vivaadaalu pope paal V venetian aankshanu mariyu doge leonardo danato jesuitlanu republic nundi bahishkarinchaalani aadesinchadaaniki daariteesaayi. aaa taruvaata koddikaalaanike 1606 augustulo sagredo palmanova koota koshadhikariga niyaminchabaddaadu. 1607 eprillo eee teerpu raddu cheyabadindi, mae nelaloo sagredo venis kuu tirigi vacchaadu mariyu novemberlo syrialo consul gaa niyaminchabaddaadu.
marchi nundi juulai 1608 varaku athanu jesuitlanu ibbandi pettadaniki uddesinchina oka entrapment vyayamampai thana prayatnaalanu kendrikarinchadu. athani prarambha lakshyam jesuit panditudu, jesuit college off ferrara rector antonio possevino esje. possevino vividha maaruperulato, venis paie daadi chese karapatraalanu prachurinchaadu. sagredo kalaasaala rectorku lekha raasaadu (appatiki possevino sthaanamlo antonio barisone vachindani teliyaka). oka dhanika vitantuvu, cecilia kantariniga natistuu, sagredo rectorku vraasi, jesuitlaku pedda vaarasatvaanni vadiliveyakundaa nirodhinchina venetian chattalanu elaa adhigaminchaalo salaha adigadu. joolailo sisilia kaantaarini maraninchaadani salaha istuu oka lekha barisonku vachinappudu, aame aatma swargamlo sweekarinchabadindani dhruveekarinche adhikaarika patraalanu andinchinatlayithe, chivaraku barisonku taanu mosapoyanani spashtam cheyadaaniki mundu 5,000 ducats arder vadili vellaadu. sagredo aaa karaspandensnu vistrutamgaa vyaapti chesaaru.
syriaku mission.
jesuitla patla teevra satrutvam unnappatikee, sagredo aleppo looni thana kotta sthaavaraanni upayoginchi suduura shaastreeya prayatnaanni prayatninchaadu mariyu nirvahinchaadu; athanu asea antataa vividha jesuit missionlaku vrasadu. ayana prati okkariki oka ayaskanta parikaranni pampi, daanitoe ayaskanta ksheenatanu pariseelinchamani vaarini koraadu. athanu syrialo thana sonta kolatalu teesukunnadu, daanini athanu galileoku pampaadu, conny konni jesuit missionla nundi ataniki saanukuula prarambha pratispandanalu vachinappatikee avi ataniki etuvanti pariseelanalu pampaledu. jesuitla patla ayana antarleena vaikhari maraledani 1609 april 30naa sarpeeki ayana pampina lekhalo, prapancham kramamga, mukhyamgaa thoorpu bharatadesam mariyu japaanlalo elaa vaati baarina paduthondho vivarinchabadindi.
thana regular consular pani mariyu shaastreeya aasaktulato paatu, sagredo goodacharyalo kooda palgonnadu. venetian consulga panicheyadamtho paatu, sagredonu parshiyaku chendina shaa abbas pertian consulga kooda niyaminchaaru. eee hodaalo shaa abbas tarapuna venis kuu prayaanistunna oka armenian vyapari ayina shwaze shuffer aayananu sandarsinchaaru, ayana isfahan carmelitela nundi vacchina samachara maarpidini thanatho teesukellaaru. indulo bhaarata vaisray speyinku chendina phillip IIIకి pampina sunnitamaina sainika samacharam kooda undhi. maroka failuloo ottoman vyatiraeka oppandaanni roopondinchadaaniki abbas mariyu phillip madhya jarigina charchala vivaralu unnaayi, idhi pertian pattu venetian accespy prabhavam chooputundi. sagredo eee patraalanu teesukoni vaatini coppy chesi, padhi mandhi sabhyula mandali nundi mandalimpunu sampaadinchi, bahusha thana dautya vruttini muginchadaanni vegavantam chesaadu.
sagredo marsiles, genova mariyu milan dwara venis kuu tirigi vacchaadu. shaa abbas 1611loe venetian republicklo parshiyaku 'general procurator' gaa niyaminchabaddaadu mariyu 1613loe venis yokka vaanijya mandalilo okarigaa rendu samvatsaraala sevanu praarambhinchaadu.
taruvaata galileotho sambandham.
sagredo venis galileo tirigi vachhe samayaniki florence vellaadu mariyu iddaroo mallee kalusukoledu-aaa taruvaata vaari sambandham puurtigaa lekha dwara jarigindi. 1612 nundi 1620 varaku vaari correspondence vividha amsaalanu kaligi undih optics mariyu lens utpatti, thermoscopy, cartography, time johns, tide theory, hydrostatics mariyu magnetism, conny kukkalu, painting, literature, wine mariyu mahilalu kooda. sagredo galileo yokka thermoscopeku oka scalenu jodinchi, ushnograta yokka parimaanaatmaka kolatanu praarambhinchi, marinta soukaryavantamaina portable thermometers utpatti chesindi. addam (pratibimbimchae telescope) nuu upayoginchi telescope unde avakaasam gurinchi kooda sagredo galileotho charchinchaaru.
juun 1619loe galileo mariyu sagredo chitraalanu marpidi chesukunnaru. sagredo yokka chitram leandro basanoche cheyabadindi. aaa chitram shaastreeya parikaraala samarpanaku badulugaa modati abbas nundi bahumatigaa vacchina oka kilimpai athani mundu unna doglo athani commissionto atanini suuchistumdi. prastutam ashmolian museumlo unna chitram galileo gadulalo velaadadeeyabadindi, athanu 1632 naati "rendu pradhana prapancha vyavasthalaku sambandhinchina sambhaashanhalu" mariyu 1638 naati "rendu kotta saastraalu" rendintinee vrasadu. eee rachanalalo galileo thana snehitudini amaratvam chesadu eee rachanalalo sagredo paatralalo okati. sambhaashana" kooda sagredo rajabhavanamlo sett cheyabadindi, ayithe vaastavaaniki sagredo 1611loe kutumba rajabhavananni vidichipettadu. 1615 nundi 1618 varaku athanu palajjo donalo nivasinchaadu. stin mariyu, 1618 nundi 1620 varaku, sii. eah. foskariiloo.
sagredo yokka maroe rendu chitraalu gurtinchabaddaayi, okati ukreyinloni gytomyer praantiiya museumlo mariyu marokati private sekaranalo unnaayi.
maranam.
sagredo 1620 marchi 5naa maraninchaadu mariyu athani chivari oppukolu sarpi vinnadu. athanu thana tandri daggara kutumba samaadhilo khananam cheyabaddaadu. francesco della vigna. athani aastulu athani sodarudu jakkariaku badilee cheyabaddaayi, athanu athani shaastreeya parikaraalannintinii paravesadu mariyu athani lekhala sekarana kanugonabadaledu. gilbert kuu sagredo raasina lekhalu london mahaa agnipramaadamlo dhvamsamayyaayi.